davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
Losing Consciousness in Thin
Air and Falling $4,000
Feet a Thrill.
FIGHT 130-MILE WIND

One of the important military devel-
opments now in progress is the high
altitude training program of the 95th
Pursuit Squadron, Army Air Corps,
San Diego, Calf. Tests are being made
which will lead, before next Summer. to
regular tactical operations at an alti-
ture of $4,000 feet, according to Army
officials.
During the past few weeks pilots Of
the squadron, which is equipped with
Wasp-engined Boeing P-12 pursuit
planes, supercharged and carrying oxy-
gen tanks, have engaged in prelim-
mary training at extreme attitudes. The
flights have been made with full fuel
and military loads and have included
two-plane formations and simulated
aerial combats at an altitude of nearly
miles above the earth.
The Boeing pilots have had many
unusual experiences in the cold, thin air
at this attitude. it is revealed in reports
to the War Department. One pilot
Lieut.. D. D. Graves of B Flight, 95th
Pursuit, while flying at $4,000 feet, lost
the adjusting screw from his oxygen APP
paratus and became unconscious from
lack of air. When he recovered. he was
in a spin at an altitude of $4,000 feet,
having been revived by the increasing
density of the air as his plane spun
GOWN OUT OF COnCrOl.
Encounter 1O0-Mile Wind.
Two pilots of the 95th, sent up to
make the first attempt at formation
flying at $4,000 feet over Rockwell
Field, encountered winds in excess of
100 miles per hour, against which they
could make no Roadway. One of the
pilots upon gaining the required alti-
tude found himself above the field. He
headed into the wind and few continu-
ously in one direction for IS minutes,
remaining above the field all the time.
The other pilot having failed to make
allowance for the wind, found himself
over Mexico and unable to gain foot
toward his home field until he dropped
out of the zone Of the tremendous wind
aloft
The high altitude flying Is regarded
as of the utmost importance, in view
of the fact that future combat maneu-
vers undoubtedly will take place at ex-
IRENE attitudes. The one maxim which
always holds good in aerial combat OPP
Grafton is "in altitude lies strength"
The man above always has tremendous
advantage over an enemy below.
The operations at Rockwell Field be-
gan with individual altitude flights to
acquaint the pilots with their extra
equipment and to accustom them to OPP
Grating in the rarefied air at high al
titudes, it was stated by Capt. H. M.
Elmendorf, Air Corps, commanding Of
ficer of the 95th Pursuit Squadron, in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
BATTLES SIMULATED NEARLY FIVE MILES ABOVE THE EARTH
ARMY PILOTS OF PURSUIT SQUADRON OPERATING AT
SAN DIEGO IN DEVELOPING HIGH ALTITUDE TRAINING PROGRAM
Double Paragraphs to Be
Used in Work by Pur-
suit Planes.
COMBAT TACTICS APPLIED

Can't. Elmendorf's squadron now has
only IS planes available for altitude
flying. but he expects delivery early this
wear of an additional number of Boe-
ing pigs, which will permit extensive
tactical exercises. The exercises will
include firing at towed sleeve targets.
2,8S0 Pounds Loaded.
The Boeings carry two machine guns,
IO6 gallons Of gasoline and l 200 rounds
of ammunition, or total weight of
1880 pounds loaded A flight of three
or more P-12 Boeings can climb in for
nation to $4,000 feet In about IS min
utes without pushing the motors. The
pilots begin to take oxygen at $4,000
feet and so far no physical i'll effects
have been noted except those resulting
from extreme cold.
Though the pilots wear approximately
so pounds of clothing each, they be-
come cold at great attitudes. He must
use his hands considerably, not only to
handle his ship, but to keep his fingers
from freezing. Capt. Elmendorf froze
all the fingers of his left hand while on
an absolute ceiling test.
The 95th Squadron, now engaged in
these tests, was organized during the
World War and took part in many
notable ohenSeS. Lieut.. quentin RooSe-
welt was one of its pilots at the time
he was killed in action. The squadron
began operations in the Champagne
sector February 10, 1918, and planes OF
the squadron engaged in $50 combats
bringing down Al enemy planes, while
participating in the Champagne, Lor-
raine. Marine, AiSne -Marne, Disc Aisne
ST. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne often
SiveS.
Capt. Elmendorf's juniors in COM
mand are Lieut.. I. A. Woodring, COM
handing A Flight; Lieut.. K. j. Gregg
B Flight, and Lieut.. j. G. Hopkins, c
Flight. :.
The Boeing P-12 is the only pursuit
plane powered with air-cooled engines
used by the Army Air Corps. 1t has a
high speed of 165 miles per hour and q
landing speed of Sc miles. The speed
at high attitudes is considerably re-
duced. as is the case with all airplanes
because of loss of propeller efficiency In
the thin air.
The P-l2 climbs at the rate of 2,40o
feet per minute from sea level, or l5,5OO
feet in 10 minutes.
The wing span is 80 feet over all, the
length 20 feet and the height feet !
inches, The upper wing area Is l4l.4
square feet and the lower 86.1 square
feet. or a total of ATS square feet
The area of the ailerons is 213.S square
feet, the stabilizers 2l9.7 square feet
the rudder go feet, the elevator 1874
and the fin only 1.8 feet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
10000 AVAILABLE
WAR FLYERS URGED
Fechet Thinks $500 Should
Be in Actual Service
in Regular Army.

For a major emergency the United
States should have 10000 trained mill
tary pilots upon whom it could call for
immediate service, in the opinion Of
Maj. Gen. James E. Fechet, chief of the
Army Air Corps. OF this number there
should be $500 in actual service in the
regular Army, he believes.
In testifying before a subcommittee Of
the House appropriations committee
during consideration of the War De-
partment appropriations bill, Gen.
Fechet declared that there are only
1000 first-class pilots in the country
who are fit for military service without
special training. These men are in the
Army and Navy Air Services or are kept
in continuous training through the Re-
serve system. There are 1854 Reserve
pilots ready for emergency duty. he
said.
War Training Necessary.
The ordinary commercial pilot who
has had no military training is not
available for emergency duty, Gen.
Fechet pointed out. Before he can be
used he must be given general mill
tary training. Many commercial flyers
never can be qualified as military pilots
because they fail to possess qualifica-
tons which a fighting pilot must have,
but which are not required for ordinary
flying.
The military pilot must fly instinc-
lively and not mechanically, he de-
clared He must be able to 1y tight,
close formations and to carry out his
work without endangering the other
men.
Some men," said the Air Corps
chief, cannot fly that way, because
they Just absolutely cannot fly close.
Their nervous makeup prevents them
/ from doing 1t. Others, when they are
close, are so occupied in watching the
other ships that they make poor forma-
ton flyers.
Some Calculate Every Move.
Some men have not the ability TO
ever stop being mechanical. In other
words, every move they make in the
airplane is thought out and calculated.
Those are what we call mechanical ny
ers. The man who is going to fly freely
and accurately and comfortably does
his work more or less by instinct, after
he is taught. In other words, when he
wants to make a steep bank he does not
figure I have to pull the stick back so
much and kick on so much rudder. ne
simply does it. He does his bank and
he does not think about 1t. That is, he
does not make a constant, voluntary
| effort to think of what he has to do TO
perform that particular maneuver."
In addition, the military pilot must
know the use of machine guns, the use
! of bomb sights and the dropping OF
bombs, aerial photography and obser-
walton work. He must have military
| training, ground work on engines and
| instruments and navigation. He must
know enough of military tactics and
| operation to cooperate intelligently
with ground forces. Many commercial
pilots would require from two to eight
months training to become good mill
| tary pilots, Gen. Fechet estimated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12

Cite Flying Contrast.
Well-if English friends will
take no offensive have planes
built by youngsters themselves
here in the District which have
taken off at our own Boiling
Field and scared high into the
clouds to never return.
We recall the flights OF three
District model plane champs.
There was Herbert DorSey's night
of IA minutes over Boiling Field.
And the flight that nearly
reached the time of DorSey's made
by John Sullivan, junior champ
of the United States, which was
staged at Louisville, KY, during
the national aircraft finals.
A tiny ship launched by Everett
Meeks last Summer over Boiling
Field during a contest of the Dis
trict Model Aircraft League, which
sailed over the Potomac River
into the northeast section Of the
CITY, was caught by a tricky wind
current and carried back to the
field, landing in the front yards
of the officers quarters.
Patent Bracket Is a Feature.
A feature of the English model
plane is the patent bracket which
carries the bearing of the air.
screw, together with the airscrew
and undercarriage. The object OF
this is to take the force OF i'm
pact should the machine hit any
thing while in the air. The whole
bracket is hinged and moves
backward.
The column would like to hear
from model builders of the Dis
trict as to whether this patent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
AERO CLUB NOMINATIONS.

The uncontested election Of Adolf
K. Barta as president of che Aero Club
Of Washington is expected at luncheon
meeting of the club at IL 80 pm. tomor-
row in the New Willard Hotel.
The nomination of Mr.. Barta will be
submitted by the board of governors,
together with the following nominal
tions for other: ofices: Vice presidents,
DR.. George w. Lewis, Admiral d. w.
Taylor and Brig. Gen. william z. Gill;
more; secretary. Lawrence z. Williams;
treasurer, DR.. w. G. Brombacher, and
trustees, Lieut.. Col. c. DEF. Chandler.
retiring president; Prof. G. r. Marvin,
chief Of the Weather Bureau; Maj. Gen.
George o. Squier and DR.. A. F. Zahm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
{. P. WARNER HON0RED.
Editor Of Aviation President So
ciety of Alternative Engineers.

Election of Edward p. Warner, for
mer Assistant Secretary of the Navy for
Aeronautics and now editor of Avia-
ton, as president of the Society Of
AHtomotive Engineers was announced
here this week. Mr.. Warner left the
Navy Department last year.
Two other aeronautical people were
honored by the society in its annual
election. Chance M. Vought of the
Chance Vought Corporation and Bruce
G. Leighton. director of sales and serv-
ice of the Wright Aeronautical Corpora.
ton. were elected vice presidents for
terms of one year each.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
Yourself" Plan Promoted

A "fiy-it-yourself'' airplane company
will establish branches at so leading
airports within the next few months.
it has been announced. An order has
been placed for 100 sport biplanes,
which will be rsnted to licensed pilots at
SIS per hour. !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
Glider Club Organized.

A glider club for licensed transport
pilots has been organized at Fairfax
Airport. Kansas City. by Capt. l.. Z.
Miller and w. G. Green. The club has
% members.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
Model Aircraft
BY GEORGE WATERS.

girls OF London going In Tor
- model-plane flying with vim and vigor
enthused they that model-pane rae
built right the heart Of town where
the production Of various types
model ships, hundreds Of which sent abroad
article aviation magazine the
yorH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
Insure Against Aircraft Damage.

Insurance against property damage
by aircraft now is being sold. Three
such policies for $4,000. $4,000 and
5000, were sold in st. Louis recently.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12

Black smoke signals will be used by
French air police to order pilots out Of
the air because Of air traffic violations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
AVIATION
NEEDS AIRCRAFT CRAFTSMEN
COLUMBIA SCHOOL
OF DRAFTING

Enroll any time-Day and Evening
Glasses. Continued throughout the
year. Correspondence Instruction.
Send for Free Catalogue \
A2th and z kta. NV, Metro. 500
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-12
Motors Are Redesigned.

The development of chemically
cooled aircraft engines, which are
expected to result in great in
crease in the efficiency of pursuit
and attack planes was delayed by
the necessity Of redesigning the
motors to prevent leakage of the
cooling compound, which works
through cracks impervious to
water, Gen. Fechet told the COM
mittee.
III the building of a water
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
THEBAUD'S OWNERS MAY
 ENTER RAGE IN CANADA
Championship of Dominion Will Be Run or Halifax, Nova
 Scotia

Gloucester, Mass, Oct. 29 UP)- The owners of the fishing schooner Gertrude l.. Thebaud. American racing champion, were to meet here today to decide whether to accept new proposition to sail a race for the Cana dian championship off Hal flax, N. s.
 The proposition came from the trustees of the international trophy at Halifax after the Gloucester race committee had protested a state ment that the trustees considered it necessary to call off original plans for the race until next year. After the protest the local committee was advised that the trustees had recon- sidered and were willing to sail the races with q reduced purse.
 This latest proposal was to be considered here at a meeting late today.
 The Thebaud recently defeated
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
LYNN POLICE CAPTURE VALUED LIQUOR CARGO
Alleged Rum Runner Tells Authori- ties He Was Out -
 of Work

Lynn, Mass. Oct. 29 (UP)-High- grade imported liquor which police said was worth $500 at retail bootleg prices was seized by Motor cycle Officer Ralph Hubbard here today after he had chased for near ly mile q heavily y-laden drive yourself sedan.
 The operator of the machine gave his name as Michael Pisano, 20. of : Unity street, Boston. Police quoted him as saying he had been unable to find work and had en- tered the rum-running business to pick up a little money.
 In the car police found 13 cases of whiskey and brandy. Authorities said the liquor closely resembled that seized in big raid at Marble head last week and expressed the belief that it might have been part of the same cargo. Pisano was charged with illegal transportation and illegal possess sion.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
Husband Accuses Wife
 In Bad Liquor Charge

New York, Oct. % [P - The district attorneys office in Brook lyn today was Investigating charges by a husband that his wife had collected insurance on the lives of three boarders by feeding them bad liquor.
 As an argument against paying temporary alimony to his wife, Tcssie, Walter Kamarauskas pro- tested his wife had plenty of money collected on the deaths ol the three boarders.
 In petition supported by affi- davits, Kamarauskas charged his wife not only had collected insur- ancc aggregating S4,3SS on htree lives but now is giving bad li- quor to q fourth boarder to bring about his death.
 He also charged Mrs. Kamar. auskas had offered two other men money to put ground glass in whiskey to be given 10 the boarders.
 The wife is seeking $2O a week temporary alimony in a separa- ton suit.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
CONTINUE HEARING
 AT COURT MARITAL
Witnesses to Be Heard in Goa
 Guard Shooting

Gloucester. Mass, Oct 29 (UP) More witnesses were to be heard tc- day at a general court martial COT N,ned here to consider the case Chief Boatswain's Mate Hugh Olmstead of the Coast Guard WI is charged with "culpa bIe inc fciency and failing to use prop, means to identify boat before fiji ing upon it.
 The court martial centers arounl he killing of Coast GuaMsma Louis F. Pratt of the Plum Island station early on August when tho SUIT boat in which Pratt was ct fire. The surf boat had been mii taken for ram runner.
 Jt was admitted at yesterdays hearing that the surf boat did nc altogether resemble boats in use by the Coast Guard in this vicinity. X similar craft, it was said; was owne privately in Ipswich river, not fat' from Plum Island.
 r. Mark Sullivan of Boston. d, fsnsc counsel. questioned Chic f BoatsWin's Mate Herman F. Schwartz. Schwartz sent out the surf boat containing Pratt and Leo Faulliingham on the night of Aug ust 4. Schwartz testified the mel had only Q AS calibre automati: pistol for protection against rum runners and that their craft, al- though properly fitted for duty. lacked costan lights and other flares.
 The surf boat, Schwartz said, was fitted with canopy that had nc t been issued by the government ; Twenty one bullet holes were in thd boat when it was found next day, he said. He said that if Pratt hal been running without lights 1t was contrary to verbal orders he had given him before his departure.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29

an aggregate of 14S branch offic in the metropolitan area and it " said that merger would effe many operating economies. Repor of the consolidation have been ia orably received in financial quartei It was poUted out that the ban involved to a large extent opera along similar lines. and that son of the detail usually faced in co solidating the businesses of large i stitutions will be avoided.
 Interests close to the compani said that the terms of the merg would be announced shortly an that the institutions would be groul ed under the name of the Manufao turers' Trust company.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29

There's a little guy out on the coast who would like to take a punch at q big guys nose, so the rumors tell us, an1 all because Nick Bican, above. veteran California tackle, was de- Clarel ineligible for the remainder Of the football season on a transfer rule technicalty. The little guy Is "Nibs" Price, California coach, who planes Pop Warner the big guy, fo~ petty sleuthing' hat dug up Bican's status and resulted in his iu eligibility. Warner takes his stan ford team to California Novembef - for the big game, so maybe there will be an added attraction featuring
 the two coaches.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
WILKINS INVITES U. s.
 EXPLORER ON SUB TRIP
Englishman Asks Ellsworth to Go With Him on Arctic Trip
 In Submarine

Milwaukee. Wis, Oct. 29 (P}-Sir Hubert Wilkins, noted English Arc tic explorer, has invited Lincoln Accompany him on his proposed submarine trip to the north pole IS co-leader of the expedition.
 Sir Hubert said last night that he planned to leave New York in April for England and from there would proceed to Spitzbergen to start the polar trip. In June, he added, he expected to begin the 2.100 mile journey under the sea to the pole.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
BILLION DOLLAR MERGER
 PLANNED BY N. Y. BANKS
Manufacturers Trust Company Has Plans For Uniting Three
 Other Institutions
Other Institutions

New York, Oct. % (UP)-Nego- tiations to consolidate the Manufac- turers Trust Co, the Public Ma tional Bank Sa Trust Co.,, the Bank of the United States and the Inter- tion with resources of more than q billion dollars and deposits of three quarter billion were reported to be in the advanced stage today.
 The four institutions now operate
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
DEFENSE AGAINST PASSING

West Point, N. Y, Oct. 29 O-p) planned 10 spend today's workout in perfecting 8 defense against North Dakota's passing at tack. Carlmark, King, Field and Bowman, were out with injuries yesterday, when the first team went through a brisk workout. All of be ready for action Saturday.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
LEAVES FOR LINCOLN

Pittsburgh. Oct. 20 (UP) - The Pittsburgh football squad leaves here tonight for Lincoln, Neb., and the game with Nebraska on Satur- day. The Panthers will stop in Chi cago tomorrow afternoon for a workout and will drill again in Omaha Friday. Coach Jock Suth- erland has announced that the back field Saturday will have two new starters, Jimmy Clark, fullback, and Paul Reider, right half.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
HAS LONG SCRIAiNiAGE

Cambridge. MasG., Oct. 29 (UP) Head Coach Arnold Horween was to put his Harvard squad through another long scrimmage today, the third in as many days, in prepara- tion for Saturdays game with Will liam and Mary. The Crimson has shown well on the defensive this season but has failed to pack a pro- per scoring punch when in Tosses- sion of the ball, and it is believed HorWeen is trying to correct this deficiency.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
BROWN REGULARS RETURN

Providence, R. l., Oct. 29 (UP) - With the return of Ferrobee, Chase and Allen, three Brown casualties, the Bear seems likely to be at full strength Saturday for the game with Syracuse at Syracuse. The Brown squad was let off with a light work out yesterday and the same pro- gram was in order for today.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
TEAM AT FULL STRENGTH

Boston, Oct 29 (UP)-For thJ first time since before the Villanovt game, Boston College was virtually at full strength for yesterdays prac- tice session. Dick German, the only definite non-starter against Mar quette on Saturday. watched t hd workout from the sidelines.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29
GIANTS ES. NEWARK

New York. Oct. p (UP) - The New York Giants will seek their seventh victory in the National Pro- fessional Football league here to- night when they engage the New ark Tornadoes at the Polo Grounds.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29

thc Canadian champion. Bluenose. in a series of races off here. The Canadian championship was not ut stake in that series, however.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29

Proposals looking toward linking the North and Black Seas by a canal will be considered at a conference Of central European countries.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29

A letter received from Billy Ross states that the Vermont Aca- demy-Kimball Union Academy game scheduled for last Saturday was called off due td the fact the New Hampshire team was showed in at Meriden.
New Britain herald., 1930-10-29

Vermont Academy is heading towards the New England prep school championship, having scored easy victories up to the present time.