davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
BY JOHN WALKER HARRINGTON.

n K ANY past lifes meridian find
Nh new freedom from anxiety in
V New York States old age
4 u security law, which went into
effect last Monday. In New
York City the department of public
welfare, of which Frank L. Taylor is
commissioner. received hundreds of ap-
plications. Also the American Associa-
ton for Old Age Security, of which
Bishop F. j. Mcconnell of the Metho-
dist Church Is president, opened free
information bureau for the guidance of
those who would avail themselves OF the
statute.
This actual starting OF the machinery
for the relief of those who are without
adequate support at three-score and ten
within the borders of this common
wealth is the most important step ever
taken in this movement In the United
States. Although IL States have laws
for furnishing aid to the aged, only
four are paying out money and these
are small in population as compared
with New York. Here is new i'm
petus which is expected to reach all
parts of the country. 1t may soon
bring the Nation in line with the prog
ress made in the care Of the old which
practically every civilized land has
made.
Test to Come in Operation.
So far the developments of the last
week in New York City indicate that
the law will reach thousands who really
need the aid and comfort it offers. Here
is a measure which has come up out Of
much tribulation. Even now there are
persons who believe it is far from per-
feet, among them Gov. Roosevelt him
self, who signed the bin.
80 sd 1,KA tee
of it, such as Abraham Epstein, secre-
tary of the American Association for
Old Age Security, who has worked for
Is years as a leader of a column of
forlorn hope, feel that the plan leaves
something to be desired. Sweeping aside
technicalities, some of which are so
involved and obscure that only the ex-
pert can even reduce them to words. the
true test will come through actual oper-
alton.
What kind of persons will be bene-
fitted? In the answer to this question
is the solution of a much-Vexed social
equation. The vital purpose OF the law
is to give self-respect and as much indie
pendence as possible to aged men and
women who are physically able to live
without institutional care. 1t is an et-
fort to do away as much as possible
with the poorhouse and to permit its
DenenclarleS 10 Ietdlu places III bAIS
community life.
Will Preserve Homes.
1t would permit aged husbands and
wives to continue to live together and
not to be separated as they are in most
institutions for the care of the INDECENT.
In some cases the recipients OF State
help may be able to maintain homes OF
their own on a modest scale, or at least
to board. Just as there has been
trend for years to do away with Or
phan asylums for children as Cenolns
| to destroy individuality and to make
/ young lives drab so this old age secu-
| rity plan makes for security and un-
troubled days and personal liberty.
Those eligible under the law must De
10 years old and be unable to support
themselves, wholly or in part, and have
no children or other persons able 70
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

the applicants are in fairly good physi-
cal condition.
They are able to come in person and
tell their stories, and a great number
make out their applications in clear
and firm handwriting. With few ex-
ceptions, they answer the questions put
to them with intelligence and precision.
Naturally, those who were ,,1 in w ID q, or
situations and not within the scope Of
the new law.
AS a rule, the visitors to the bureaus
are neatly dressed and scrupulously
clean. Some are In the garments OF
decades ago, especially the women. but
even their shiny and almost thread
bare clothes evidence their effort to
keep up appearances. Clean linen and
garments which show recent pressing
are indices of the character OF these
men and women of the sunset, who see
before them days Of less careworn Nv
ing.
Their manner and their appearance
seem to bear out the accounts they
give of the ways in which they came
to adversely in their declining years.
Evidently dissipation or improvidence
have not been factors to which the
state of the great majority can be
traced. Many had laid aside, as they
thought, enough money 70 support
themselves in their old age. but had
lost it through bad investments.
Many Lost Savings.
Among the applicants were some
who had believed all to much in what
their friends or supersalesmen had told
them about securities which had pro-
vided no security for them. Others had
seen their savings swept away through
paying for physicians care and hos
pital fees, being unwilling to accept
charity Men who had recovered from
severe illness were unable to get back
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
League Power Doubted
Suspicion Guessing

cordingly this group places arbitration
and disarmament ahead Of security.
In all league discussions since 1920
the same preoccupations and conflicts
have required under slightly varying
forms. These conflicts are expected
along the same general lines this year.
The principal subjects which, 1t is
from or in connection with the agenda
are the following:
A European union.
Treaty reviSions.
A new general arbitration act.
Proposals for revision of the league
covenant to harmonic it with the
Kellogg Pact.
Proposals for financial aid to States
that are victims Of aggression.
The status of nninorities.
Disarmament.
Viewpoints Foreseen.
On each topic the points Of view
of the foregoing groups already can be
approximately foreseen.
A European Union.-This would make
for stability. and hence the French
group supports 1t. It would perhaps
hamper agitation for treaty revision
and it would tend to unite instead of
keeping Europe divided into two blocks
under the theory of the balance of
power. Hence both the revisionists and
neutral groups either oppose it or do it
a mere semblance of lip service. How
ever If the status quo and revisionist
groups were ever to agree on union,
the neutral group would doubtless then
favor 1t.
Treaty Revision.-This will doubtless
be discussed informally between France
and Italy and will perhaps be raised
oficially by Germany under article 10
of the League covenant. The status
quo group will oppose .rivision. The
neutral group would be willing to see
the status quo group make concessions
to the revisionist group in the interest
of peace, but it would not itself be will
ing to make similar concessions, so Tar
as is now known.
Germany, in its reply to the French
memorandum on a European union,
implied that 1t would be ready to effect
such union only provided the French
group first agrees to treaty revlsions.
The precise German policy on this
point will doubtless be decided after
the German elections, September IA.
New general arbitration act-This
Is a series of proposals tending to
tighten the League system for prevent
ing war by action before conflict oc-
ours or when hostilities have been sue
cessfully interrupted by League inter-
vention. All the groups theoretically
approve of this act, but some members
Of the neutral and revisionist groups
tend to make its adoption contingent
on disarmament.
Proposals for harmonizing the League
covenant and the Kellogg pact-These
CONTINUED on Fourth Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
BY PAUL SCOTT MowRER.

~ ARIS-Twenty-se European
nations. of which % will be rep
resented by their foreign min
Il listers, will meet in secret Ses-
sion in Geneva Monday and
Tuesday to discuss the BRAND project
for a European union. on the same
days the Council of the League OF Ma
tions will convene and on wednesday
the Leagues annual assembly opens.
From the viewpoint of international
relations, all these negotiations and
whatever important conversations take
place on the side will be considered as
q single whole involving mainly Eu-
ropes present tension and the Leagues
relation thereto. Consequently, 1t VIII
be one of the most important reunions
ever held at Geneva.
Although the Leagues chief purpose
is to prevent war, the present regime OF
armed peace In Europe, with It's recur-
rent suspicious, threats and alarms, Is
sIlficient evidence that the nations for
the present have serious doubts as TO
the Leagues efficacy in this respect.
Obviously If, because OF the League and
the kellogg anti-war pact and the So
called power of world public opinion, the
nations felt secure, they would not in
dulge in their present vast expenditures
to insure their own defense.
Three Groups of Powers.
Prevalent doubts concerning the
League are, first, can it prevent an out
break of hostilities? Second. can 1t
successfully designate an aggressor?
And third, can 1t agree on how to re-
press persistent aggression?
Behind these doubts and taking
divergent stands thereon in harmony
with their alleged respective interests
are, roughly speaking, three groups OF
powers
1. Those which, with France and its
allies, want to preserve the territorial
status quo.
2. Those which, with Germany and
Italy, want territorial revision.
8. Those which, with Great Britain,
are more or less neutral and think that
they see a guaranty of their own
security in the old political system
known as the balance of power.
The Leagues peace activities fall I'M
der three heads:
/. Those making for the prevention
of war, summarized in the word 'arbi-
tration."
2. Those providing for joint action
against the aggressor in case prevention
fails and summarized in the word
security"
8. Disarmament.
According to their alleged interests,
the three groups place entirely different
emphasis on these three heads. The
French group favors all sorts of arbi-
tration measures, but considers security
even more important and refuses to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
Britain Challenges Germany's Supremacy
In Realm of Aeronautics and Dyestuffs

almost entirely upon Germany for her
dyestuffs, and during the war WV
crippled by the stoppage Of the supEt
now has completely reorganized her ~
dustry, thanks to those inimitable teSAl
naturalization and investigation.
Britain Winning German Marketa
The productive capacity and qualits
of product not only have brought
Britain independence. but actually haE.
put her on an equal basis, II not abovN.
Germany, many experts in this countrcS
declare. Britain has fast been drivirsS
Germany from some of her finesO
markets, despite cheaper labor In Ger
many In the multi-colored, synthetic
dyes demanded by the vogue in clothes,
Britain leads the fashion. Britain,
which was once completely dependent
upon Germany for synthetic drugs, now
is developing brilliant success IN this
line of research. Drugs which are equal,
If not superior, to German products,
according to authorities here, are now
going ahead to assail markets where
Germans were long and undiSputed
masters.
Industrial circles, however, are not
looking on conditions as altogether
roSeate, for the rumorS of an American
syndicate planning reorganization of
Tie SCSel ulQuSCTy is causing MUCH Q1S=
cussion. Next week, it Is reported,
f1nanciers are meeting here to discuss
dual capitalization involving both
massed production and higher wages.
The projected syndicate includes both
Americans and Britishers. These men
will discuss the reconstruction plan
drawn up by j. e. Leonard Replogle,
retired American steel man, who has
been investigating conditions in this
country.
Vast Transformation Seen.
It is understood the group Is prepared
to sink huge capital sum in the event
of majority opinion favorable to the
plan. A vast Transformation scheme
will be carried out in the larger steel
works of this country, where units will
be built up to include every branch of
the steel industry. The plants viii en-
ploy the most UP to date machinery
and a highly qualified executive per-
sonnet will pick British skilled workers.
There viii be ruthless scrapping of ma
chinery and a new $4,000, 0OO-pound
plant would be set up, operating on .
basis of modern methods, with greater
enterprise and better pay for all.
Whether other steel concerns win be
merged in the new trust will, 1t Is fore
seen, be dependent on the outcome Of
the original venture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

v ONDON.-In the two fields of
industrial activity in which Ger
many has long claimed world
L. supremacy, Britain is now not
only challenging, but actually
very successfully competing with the
Reich. The battle of scientist and
salesman in the two nations is going
on in the realms of aeronauttcS and
dyestuffs. Although trade agreements
have been made or are in pros
pect between the aerial and chemical
combines of the two nations, the re-
suits of airshtp research in The two
countries will In the future be joint
property, it Is understood here.
The triumphs of British airships cul-
minated in the recent flight of the
R-100 to Canada. The achievement
of British designers is all the more
remarkable when it is borne in mind
that the dirigible as it is known today
was first evolved by the German,
Count Zeppelin. No less an authority
than DR.. Hugo Eckener, skipper of the
Graf Zeppelin on Its transatlantic voy-
ages and round-the-w world trips, is said
to have placed the stamp of superiority
on British craft, at the same time ex-
pressing his dissatisfaction with various
features of his own ship.
Eckener Visits Cardingt0ns
Eckener has already visited the Brit
ish airship works at Cardington, Bed
fordshire. where he discussed the
Standardization of design based on
British machines, 1t is understood here.
Other important questions were then
discussed on the exchange of technical
and research discoveries and the avoid
ance of competition between the two
countries in the establishment of air
routes.
New zeppelins are being built in Ger
many, and the first viii undergo a trial
trip next Summer in preparation for
regular transatlantic service. 1t viii be
found, experts here say, to embody inn
provements of British ships and ap-
proximate size.
The effect of pooling airship research
work is already being felt as q stimulus
to dirigible construction, it is reported.
Lieut.. Col. Richmond designer of the
R-101, and B. N. Wallis, who is largely
responsible for the design of the R-1O0,
will meet w. e. Doerr of the Graf
Zeppelin works to discuss the trends
of airship construction.
Meanwhile, a battle again is being
waged between Britain and Germany
In virtually all departments of science,
particularly commercial research. Brit
ain. which in pre-war days depended
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

disarm until security is insured. The
French group has no territorial claims
against any one, is satisfied with the
present frontiers and wants to preserve
the present territorial distribution.
The German-Italian group is we'll
armed, but feels itself still less strong
than the French group, and hence
places the urgency of disarmament
ahead of either arbitration or security.
The chances of frontier revisionS are
felt to be slight as long as the French
group is stronger and better armed
than the revisionists.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

The neutral group would like to see
the two opposing continental groups APP
proximately equal in strength so that
1t would itself hold the balance Of
power. At the same time it is unwill-
ing to commit itself in advance to use
force against the aggressor in circum-
stances now unforeseen. Great Britain,
in particular, has made it clear that 1t
will be unwilling to use force in de-
Tense of the league covenant unless 1t
first knows that this course will not
lead 1t into a conflict over neutral
rights with the United States. Ac-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

There are no such conditions in sight
at this time. It may be there Is
greater quantity of underlying political
discomfort due to the state of business
than is apparent on the surface. Some
shrewd observers, however, believe that
the Democrats have hurt themselves
by the long campaign of publicity enla-
mating from Democratic headquarters
which has emphasized depression ana
tried to associate the Republican Pres"
ident with blame for 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-17
Household Methods
Farewell to Last Fly.
BY BETSY cALLIsTER.

One Of the pleasant things about the
coming of frosty weather Is the laying
low of the house ny. That's one less
thing to think about, and you no longer
have to concern yourself with screens
and open cellar ways.
Did you ever stop to think why 1t is
that we have any more Aieg, II they
all die of in cold weather.
You may have noticed IN your own
house some sole surviving ny, some
hardy. persistent old fellow that simply
refuses to be discouraged in spite OF
chilly weather. He Is stupened by the
cold, but somehow he manages to
evade your efforts TO lay him low and
crawls along the ceiling just out OF
reach. Perhaps you believe that 1t is
this fly, this sole survivor, and others
like him who manage to live through
the Winter, who establish the next sea-
sons crop of young flies. You may
feel persuaded that II you could only
kill that lone fly and all other lone nies
in Winter, then there would be so many
fewer flies in the Spring.
Well, our own Department OF Agr1-
culture has made experiments to prove
that those lone surviving flies never do
survive the Winter In parts OF the
country where really cold weather pre-
walls. They worry along somehow in
heated houses until after New Year
and then shuttle Of.
What happens Is that the larvae Of
flies survive the cold weather and larvae
hatch out and new flies emerge and lay
eggs and continue breeding In favor
able places all Winter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-17
BOARDING. House Business.

To q number Of women hard pressed
for cash nothing seems easier as live
nhood than being q boarding house
lady. Before any start losing PROPOSE
lions we should like TO mention . few
Of the vital facts.
Before renting o house to use for
taking in boarders make sure it is 70
arranged that there are SUFFICIENT rooms
TO let Many private houses are ideal In
all but this essential respect.
Before counting profits figure up the
expenses. Heat Is one Of the first TO
consider. Lodgers demand heat and hot
water. Talk It. over with your furnace
man, learn how much coal Will be
needed and find out its cost.
Light Is more difficult TO calculate as
to cost, but It, Is better 10 err on the
long side than the short. Domestic help
Is another problem. Ones help must be
responsible, capable and trustworthy.
Figure the salaries of an adequate stan.
Add to the other costs the rent of
the house. II it is to be bought, count
in not only the interest payments due
on the mortgage, amortization charges
and finance charges, but the interest
your own money should be earning.
ADD 10 THIS the prOEdbcu cAPcLSS "a
the furnishings and furniture and IN
terest on the same. Figure depreciation
on the house and furnishings Of course.
After tabulating your costs and ex.
uenses in full, find out what your rooms
can bring. Remember, in figuring
rentals that the rooms will probably not
be occupied IL months a year in some
Instances and that you will be fortu.
nate If you have every room rented At
any one time.
Figure on q slow-paying ledger and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-17
SUB ROSA
BIZ MIMI.
Bx MIMI.
Peacocks and Vanity.

The peacock Is a symbol Of pride and
vanity. We are all familiar with the
phrase, ''as proud as peacock. But
pity, do not envy, the peacock.
Nature gave the peacock q beautiful
gown of gorgeous feathers. Nature was
kind to the peacock. The peacock, on
the other hand, Is unkind to itself. 1t
has brought itself into disrepute. 1t
does nothing but strut. 1t Is just q
peacock. It has q beautiful gown Of
gorgeous feathers-but that's all.
. There are women who are like pea
cocks. We consciously and extensively
try to capitalize a gift to which 1t were
better for us to close our eyes.
Beauty Is skin deep. 1t isn't really
important or vital, fundamentally. The
beauty of q peacock isn't even skin
deep. Strip 1t of its feathers and it be-
comes less attractive than plucked
chicken. AS a food 1t is unfit. There
are some things to be said for a well
cooked chicken, even II it does not APP
pear so attractive in real life as q pea
cock.
Fine feathers do not make fine birds.
The peacock Is beautiful, but it Is also
vulgar. It is vain, and vanity Is not q
virtue. Neither is beauty. Clothes do
not make the man. Feathers do not
make the bird or woman.
1IlC DCdCOCk JCdCklCp ucN y AC8oO1l1 Ok
at least holds o warning out to US.
Pride cometh before fall. Watch
your step. Do not be vain or strut in
q sense of false pride. The fall will
come If you do.
A canary sings though confined to q
tiny cage, which passes for its home
and world. The goldfish is not so for
tllnate. It cannot sing, but 1t does
make the best of it-and doesn't strut
It is not vain. It, too, is beautiful; but
the corollary is also true Of the gold
fish. Fine feathers do not make the
fish.
We all like to look at peacocks, ca
naries and goldfish. That II why we
make household ornaments and pets OF
canarieS and goldfish.
Learn q lesson from the peacock. II
is not held in high esteem because 1t
struts-it Is vain. Women who are Is
proud and as beautiful as peacockS are
not held In high esteem for the same
reason.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-17
BIZ J. r. GLASS.

Rigo, the French artist, accompanied
Napoleon on his Egyptian expedition in
1879. 1t was on the night before fight
ing at Aboukir that he saw the con-
queror, all his mask Of outward form
doffed, himself and himself alone.
Rigo spent the night in the same
tent with Napoleon. Ofncers had been
gathering there, but at midnight Bona
parte told Berthier, his chief Of staff,
and the other officers to get some rest.
sleep in your cloaks until daybreak,"
he said.
Every one was soon in slumber-tlat
s. excepting Napoleon and Rigo.
The former, his mind filled with the
thoughts of the morrow's battle, re-
manned up. Rigo, rolled in his cloak
on the ground, apparently was asleep,
but actually he was watching the gen.
eral. There was something in Ma
poleon's face, something acute and ter
rible, that always attracted the eye Of
the artist, the student OK physiognomy.
BY the light Of a lamp Napoleon
took up compasses and a chart Of
Aboukir and the Mediterranean and be-
gan to measure distances. Then, noise
lessly, he obtained q ruler and drew
some lines.
Time passed. His manner was SUBJ
dued and quiet, the manner of one
who knows he has a certain period OF
time he must pass in inactivity.
Presently he got up and walked softly
TO the door of the tent. He was gaz-
ing toward the horizon for signs of APP
preaching dawn. There were none. He
looked at his watch. sat down at the
table again and taking out his knife,
began cutting the table In all direc-
lions, like a badly trained boy,
Tired of this he rested a moment
his head on hts hand Then he again
went to the door and looked toward
the horizon 1t was still very early
once more he sat down to wait.
Rigo had a feeling of awe. In the
silence of the night every one and
everything slept except this broodine
intelligence, marking time until the
hour when it would begin to write new
history. His eyes remained fastened
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-17

What will you have poodle or a
police dog? A gray hound or great
dane2 A setter or spanielP A Pek-
ingese or q pomeranian? You can take
your choice and have what you please
without considering the high price of
pure bloode1s .srsGip1ens. That is. of
~oIirse, If you are selecting the dog you
want to decorate your sports hatcher
chiefs.
You or your friends will surely want
one-or more-of these handkerchiefs.
You could do no better than to make
some Of them for Christmas gifts.
The way to 60 about it is to buy
some chiffon or georgette or very soft,
fine crepe de chine, and cut it in
squares. Twelve-inch squares, II the
material is a yard wide, and then you