Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-11-02

work Of the Kingdom Of italy. South
Tyrol, together with the other new
Italian territories, was placed under the
higher Jurisdiction of the "Ufficio per
| 10 Nuove Provincie," at the head of
| which stood Francesca Salata, a man
as kind and as courteous as Prof.
Credaro.
Unfortunately, the two kind gentle
men could not be Of much help. They
| had Rome ask a representative body of
South Tyroleans TO delegate seven mem
beers to a round table conference in the
italian capital, but this was all they
| could achieve. The German delegates
had strict instructions from the home
folk TO ask for autonomy, not only for
the entire province but also for the
municipalities. Furthermore, they were
instructed to press for the exemption of
South Tyrolean youth from ItaliSn
military service. The government
| found these wishes a reasonable basis
! for further discussion.
Trentino took fright. II South Tyrol
became autonomous the Bremen Pass
as the frontier OF Italy would become a
mere Pigment Of imagination. They
set TO work to convince Prof. Gre
daro OF the danger they were all In
Prof. Credaro was convinced. Then
they set TO work to convince Signor
Salata, the supreme lord Of all the
| gained territories, and he, too, was con-
vinced. To make things worse for the
South Tyroleans, Nittis government
was replaced by that of Giolitti. The
new prime minister was genuinely in
terested in the problem OF South Tyrol,
but for him 1t was not an affair of
heart and justice, as it had been for his
| predecessor. New governments came
and political conditions became chaotic
in Italy. The question OF South Tyrol
1 was dwarfed by the emergence of more
burning questions. The democratic
| government Of Italy was at stake, and
with its extinction at the hands Of the
Black Shirts all hope of an autonomous
South Tyrol died.
Fascists Charge Revolt.
Signor Mussolini, who In the Autumn
/ Of 1919 had written in the Popolo
| Italia that Italy must pursue a DEM
| ocratic policy IN the Upper Adige,
/ changed his opinion The Upper Adige
4 was now the battle-ground on which
/ the force OF Fascismo was TO be tested
1 The democratic governments had been
negligent In their duty by permitting
the South 'Tyrol to revolt against their
new masters, the Fascists said. A
regime of the mailed fist was TO show
| Vic SOtlquCLcQ plONlllCt It's place III Lfle
sun At the same time, the mailed fist
had q chance TO take some exercise on
a nation deprived of its means of re-
sistance before applying the new meth
| DDS on the rest of Italy. Prof Gre
dato was sunmarily dismissed on the
pretext that he had failed TO make the
City Council Of Bozen place the King IS
picture on the wall of the aldermens
room
The way was now open for a policy
Of unrestricted repression. A Fascist
chieftain, State Secretary Michelino BIZ
anchi, summed up the new situation by
saying: There will be no autonomy -
A reign OF terror began in which the
"ragtone di stato"-reaSons of state
justified all excuses of petty officials
The Fascist militia obeyed only the laws
which it set up itself. Those who were
persona non grata politically were
beaten up. jailed. expelled from the
country or merely deprived of their
citizenship.
4 Even Children Under Sway.
: Children were forced into the Fascist
military organizations, the Balilla and
the avant-guardistS. Fascist mayors
were appointed, although they had nc
knowledge Of local conditions. The