davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
By NJ. HOGAN.


THE economic crisis in the Latin American
countries commenced long before the crisis
in the United States and has it's specific causes,
which are mainly to be found in the world over
production of colonial goods. The Latin
American countries supply about 80 per cent
of the world production and coffee, about 80
per cent of the world production of cane
sugar, a considerable portion of the world pro-
duction of cocoa, etc.
For number of years there has existed
chronic overproduction of colonial goods, that
is to say, on this section of world econmy there
is revealed most sharply the contradiction be-
tween the growth of productive forces and the
narrowing of the sales market.
At the end of 1929 there took place COM
plete collapse of the world production of sugar,
especially of cane sugar, as well as complete
collapse of the Institute for the Protection of
Coffee Production" in Brazil, which artificially
regulated the production, the reserves and the
export of coffee from Brazil-which constitutes
three-quarters of the world production.
Naturally the economic crisis in the United
States, which country is one of the most I'M
portant markets for the colonial products Of
Latin-Amerca, Aggregates the crisis, and ac-
CELEBRATES the fall in the prices of colonial prod
ucts as was particularly to be seen in Novem-
Der and December.
The price movement of colonial products in
the whole of 1929 shows an uninterrupted re-
cesson. The rubber market has shown an UNI
interrupted sinking of prices, especially in the
last few months, as result of the falling de-
mand for rubber by the automobile industry
of the United States, and this is having an
adverse effect on the rubber production in
Brazil, Bolivia and Guiana.
The developing crisis in coffee production is
affecting the economy not only of the Central
American republic Guatemala, Salvador, Costa
Rica), but also of Brazil, in which over 100000
900 American dollars are invested. The danger
of a crisis as a result of overproduction of
coffee has existed ever since 1928. The high
level of prices has the whole time been only
artificially maintained by the Institute for
the Protection of Coffee Production in Brazil.
The world overproduction of coffee caused by
the increased production in Brazil and num-
Der of Central American Republics and Colom-
bia, was expressed in the growth of the worlds
stocks from 19,660,000 sacks on October l.,
1928, to 21,137,000 sacks on October L. 1929.
The current calculations of the balance of the
worlds coffee trade for 1929-30 are likewise ex-
tremely unfavorable. The world supply amounts
to 45,256,000 sacks, the world demand to 49,
100000 sacks. The loans recently concluded by
the Brazilian government with the banking
houses of Schroeder, Rothschild and others in
London, cannot, of course, avert the develop
ing crisis.
The crisis in the national economy of Brazil
is still further aggravated by the depression
in number of other branches of industry as,
for instance, the textile industry, especially in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
THE Exceptional LAWS"
IN THE UNITED STATES

Lazar, in the second week after the Gastonia
verdict, was arrested while speaking at an
open air meeting the of the November
election, and charged with sediton.
In the Pennsylvania czardom of Charles M.
Schwab, the head of the Bethlehem Steel Cor
poration that was exposed as leading in the
propaganda campaign for more and larger
battleships, the workers, Murdoch, Burlak and
Brown, facing sedition charges, were liberated
only after a bitter struggle.
In the great industrial area centered about
Chester, Pennsylvania, including a Ford auto
plant, the workers, Pelz and Holmes, were
charged with sedition for distributing leaflets.
In the Farrell, Pennsylvania, steel district
sedition charges still stand against the work
ers Kovacovich, Radas, Marich and Sarich.
The steel, auto coal, textile barons, through
their courts and prosecutors in seeking vic
tins among the militant workers in the mills,
factories and mines that they control are not
compelled to prove the advocacy of any pro-
hibited crime. 1t is not even necessary to
prove membership in the Communist Party or
any other prescribed organization. In the
Michigan case (raid on Communist Party Con-
vention), the mere fact that revolutionary
workers were assembling with each other
became sufficient basis for the sedition charges
and the imposition of the ten year sentence on
Ruthenberg.
Here is method of legal oppression, carry
ing extreme penalties. that has been declared
constitutional" by the United States Supreme
Court. The period of the court struggle which
has accompanied the protest against
these viciously ant-labor laws, seeking to de-
clare them unconstitutional is definitely
ended.
Mass protest by ever broader sections of the
working class is being exerted to cripple and
defeat this growing drive to jam the prisons
with the most militant fighters of the working
class doomed to long terms of years in capt.
talisms bastilles.
1t is precisely in the present growing radical
ization of the oppressed masses, the rapidly in
tensifying mass unemployment and the speed
ing of war preparations accompanied with new
aggressions against the Soviet Union that
these emergency" war laws are again being
revived. Against this front of the capitalist
offensive the working class organizes and
strengthens its counter offensive.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
THE ECONOMIC CRISIS IN
LATIN AMERICA

the province of Sac Paulo, where 1t constitutes
the most important branch of industry. The
crisis in the Brazilian textile industry, which,
consists in overproducton and limited sale pos
sibiities, is mainly due to the unfavorable posi-
ton of agricultural production, ie., the low
prices of agricultural produce and the increased
cost of living.
The world crisis in the sugar industry, and
especially the cane sugar industry, means
severe blow to the economic life OF Cuba.
With the existing world prices of sugar the
Cuban sugar industry is suffering constant
losses Thus, for example, the prime cost of
sugar amounts in Cuba to 21a cents pound,
whilst the world-trade price is 2.25 cents a
pound.
Finally the prolonged drought had very
bad effect on the agriculture of number of
South American countries. This applies espe-
cially to Argentina where the harvest yield
of the most important products showed fall
ing off of 40 and even 50 per cent, as compared
with last year.
On December II the government forbade the
changing of bank notes for gold within the
country but at the same time secured to the
banks the right to export gold. AS result
the Argentine currency Immediately declined
in value by five per cent
In view of the economic crisis which en-
braces the majority of the Latin-American
countries, the visit of the d'Abernon Commits
sion to the chief economic countries of South
America - Argentine, Brazil and Uruguay
is very significant. The agreement which the
governments of a number of South American
republics have signed with d'Abernon shows
that England is not disposed to give up its
positions to United States imperialism. Thus,
for instance under the agreement arrived at
with d'Abernon, Argentine undertakes to buy
English goods to the value of 100000 pounds
sterling in the next two years CHIEFLY for
railway and public works. in return for which
England undertakes to import Argentine goods,
chiefly food, to the same amount
The economic crisis of the United States will
undoubtedly lead to an increased export OF
capital goods in particular to Central and South
America. But the crisis in number Of Cen
trail American Republics, such as Cuba, Qua
temala, Salvador, Costa Rico, the crisis in Bra
iii, the signs of crisis in Argentine agriculture
and the permanent depression in a number of
smaller South American Republics, such as CO.
lombia, Bolivia are a natural barrier to the
expansion of American foreign trade. Hence,
there is to be expected an intensive growth of
capital export from the United States to South
America, in particular, to Brazil and Argentina.
As result the enhanced competition between
the United States and England in Central and
South America will in the next few months
assume sharper forms and bring about further
growth of antagonsms between the two great
est imperialist powers of the world.
But simultaneously the class consciousness
and the fighting capacity of the Latin-Ameri-
can proIetariat and Of the impoverished peas
antry will also grow. ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
Farm Population Is Still
Decreasing

A CONTINUED decrease in the total farm
population but accompanied by decrease
in the movement from farms to cities and from
cities to farms in 1929 was reported last Fri
day by the Department of Agriculture.
According to the Bureau of Agricultural
Economics, the total farm population on Jan.
l., 1880, amounted to 27,222,000 which repre-
sents decrease of 100000 from the estimate
of 81, 491 900 on Jan. l. 1929.
On the other hand, figures of the Bureau
show that only 1,876,000 persons moved from
farms to cities last year as compared with L.
900 in 1928; 1875, 900 in 1927, and 2,l55-
900 in 1925. There was a similar decreasing
trend in the city-to-farm movement with L.
$4,000 persons in 1929 as compared with l.
347, 900 in 1928 and 1,374,000 in 1927.
The supply of farm labor was about Is per
cent greater than the demand IN JAM l, result.
ing in lowering of farm wages in all parts of
the country.
These figures reflect not only the acute agri-
cultural crisis but also the enormous unen,-
ployment in the cities. Superfluous on the
farms, the agricultural population has been
finding that it is also superfluous in the cities
and that there are no jobs to be had. The
same holds true for the movement from the
cities to the farms. With nothing doing on the
farms, workers are more and more forced to
stay in the cities. Hundreds of thousands are
thus caught between the frying pan and the
fire. Meanwhile the revolutionary energy Of
the masses is accommodating and becoming more
marked in town and country.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
Why a Southern Communist
Weekly

the South from class viewpoint; to point out
the tasks and needs of the workers that flow
from this process of change; to be the collective
organizer and agtator of the Southern work
ers in their widely extended struggles; to carry
on more sharply than ever before the struggle
against racial oppression and for the unity of
Negro and white workers; to help interna-
tionalize the struggles Of the Southern work.
ers; to carry on the fight against imperialist
war and for the defense of the Soviet Union.
Our Southern weekly will carry on some of
the best traditions of the revolutionary lit
erature in the United States and other coun-
tries. In some ways it will resemble the
"Iskra."+ Just as the "Iskra" was taboo in tie
Russia of the cars, so our Southern Communist
weekly will be banned by the bosses from ths
mill villages of the Carolinas and the steel
towns Of Alabama. But it will get to the work.
ers 1t will reach the textile workers of the
Carolinas, the Negro stevedores of New Orleans.
the steel workers of Birmingham. 1t will
penetrate to the bayous and lumber camps of
Louisiana. 1t will come to the tobacco, cotton.
and sugar plantations. It will reach Americas
dark masses" in plain, simple, working class
language
The establishment of the Southern weekly
will definitely mark the emergence of the
Southern workers as an active political force
IN the revolutionary movement of the whole
world and as such the establishment of the
Southern Worker, has not only native but an
international significance.
Certainly the Southern Worker" must be
given the fullest support of the class-conscious
workers of the U. s. Especially must the for
eign-born workers, any of whom have gone
thru the school Of revolutionary training in the
countries Of their birth, see the necessity for
creating and helping weekly of this Sort one
that will lead the Southern masses of Ameri-
can workers and farmers, both white and Ne
gro, along the path to power and freedom.
'Iskra" means Spark" 1t was the paper Of
the Russian Bolshevks at the beginning Of the
2Oth Century. 1T was at one time edited by
Lenin i was tremendous factor in the build
ing OF the present Russian Communist PARTY
which led the workers of Russia to victory and
of November, 1917-18.-S G.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07

Fight the Right Danger. A
Hun dred PrOletarians for
Every Petty Bourgeois Rene
gade!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
By CHOUTKA.


A RESULT of the sharpening economic cri-
II sis in Czecho-Slovakia, which has af-
fected all branches of industry, is the uninter-
rupted dssmssals, the closing down of shops
and curtament of output.
During the prosperous years in Czecho-
Slovakia there were 10000 workers squeezed
out of industry, permanently for more or less
prolonged time. This unemployment was the
consequence of naturalization, which, however,
had not vet achieved it's complete development.
Now, however, with the crisis growing
sharper from day to day, unemployment is
steadily increasing and it may be stated with
complete confidence There are no official data
on unemployment that the number of unem-
ployed has reached the 100000 mark, and will
uninterruptedly go on increasing.
If we take into consideration, also the work
ers employed short time in the mining,
glass, metaurgical and other industries, we
see that not less than million workers have
been affected by the crisis at the present time.
1t goes without saying that unemployment
is most rife in the industrial centers of north
ern, western eastern and middle Bohemia.
Meetings, conferences and demonstrations have
alreadys been organized by the unemployed
workers in the towns of these districts. At
these meetings they presented their demands,
and also the demands of the red trade unions
and the Czecho- Slovakian Communist Party.
They will continue the organized struggle for
the achievement of their demands, under the
leadership of the revolutionary trade unions
and the Communist Party of Czecho- Slovakia.
The unemployed demonstrations were of
determined and militant character, made still
more sharp in view of the critical situation
and the discomfort of the workers.
In the big industrial towns, in Prague, Reich
enberg, Moravska Ostrawa, Auszig and other
towns, the unemployed have set up committees
of action, to which employed workers are also
sending their representatives, to support and
strengthen the connections with the unem-
ployed for the impending struggle against ra-
tionalization and soca-fascism.
In many towns and Districts thanks to their
fearless actions, the workers have achieved
some successes. They made the local author
tiles in some places assign sums of money for
unemployment benefits, and politically they
succeeded in still further exposing the criminal
betrayal of the workers interests by the social
fascists, who spoke in the local self-government
bodies against benefits being given to the I'M
employed.
The threat of unemployed demonstrations,
the nature of which grows steadily more inten-
sified the further organization of the struggle,
the increase in the unemployed army-all this
forces the bourgeoise and the socal-fascist
government which has already applied strin-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07

airy T.U. oppositons must take the initiative
in forming Unemployed Workers Committees
and at the same time they must Systematically
expose the inactivity and sabotage of the re-
formists in the efforts made to help the unem-
ployed.
Representatives from the women workers,
both employed and unemployed should be seated
on the Unemployed Workers Committees. The
International Day to Struggle Against Unem-
ployment must be utilized to mobilize all the
young workers whether in or out of employ
ment
All attempts to utilize the unemployed as
scabs during economic struggles must be def
initely frustrated.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
Workers! Join the Party Of
Your Class!

Communist Party U. S. A.
4S East 125th Street,
New York City.
J. the undersigned want to join the Commu.
mist Party. Send me more information.
' ''.'''''''''''.......
Aooress ...............~.... City. ........
Occupation Ace
Mail this to tho Central Office. Communist
Party, 43 East 125th st., New York. n. 7.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-03-07
Questions and Answers

(The following is the last of a short series
of Questions and Answers on the World
Economic Crisis, Unemployment and the
Tasks of the Revolutionary Trade Unions,
issued by the Red International of Labor
Unions.-Editor.)
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
Girl Is Born

SAN BENTTO. Sept. PA girl
has been born to Or. and Mrs. Il.
s. Smith Of San Benito. She was
born at the Valley Baptist Hospital
In Harrington.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
Italian Convicted
Of Attack on Prince

BRUSSELS. Belgium, Sept. 81
pa Belgian court today con-
victed a young Italian anti-FaScist
for attempting to kill the heir to
the throne az italy who married
the only daughter OF the King Of
the Belgians.
Fernando de Rosa. %. whose trial
for attempted essSssination Of
Prince Humbert Of Piedmont, had
engaged public attention for sew
80 days. was found guilty by the
IVY in ten minutes or elaboration.
The tribunal. which had listened
70 much testimony against Fascism.
Mussollni and the Italian royal
family. Received the jury's verdict.
which covered all points OF the
accusations against the would be
assassin. and sentenced him TO five
years imprisonment. assessing him
the cost Of the trial.
The public prosecutor charged
that De Rosa. whose offense was
committed a year ago next We'd
nesday. had premeditated his act
after obtaining a false passport and
residing in Belgium under an as
sumed name.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
HI CLEE CLUB
PLANS CONCERT
New Organization to Be
Heard Over Radio
Station KWWG

The recently organized girls
high school glee club orchestra
will make its first public appear
ance over station KWWG al 1880
D. M. Thursday. The orchestra Is a
new feature. having just been
completed with rs members On the
roster. Gail McDavitt vas chosen
president at the first business meet
ing. Other officers are Madge Sing
er, secretary and treasurer; Althea
Keller, librarian.
The formal initiation Of new
members took place Thursday eve
ming in the high school cafeteria.
thirty-four neophytes being con-
Quoted through the chamber OF
horrors Following the ceremonies
the club had supper at he College
Inn.
"A new feature OF the club this
year Is the organization OF an or
chestra. Both the glee club and the
orchestra have appeared at TIE
school assemblies.
Both organizations are under
the direction OF Miss Annie Tucker.
Miss Margaret Hughston. a talented
musician. and a student in the jun
ior college this year.
A glee club has been organized
among the junior high school
girls. and several practice ses-
Mons have been held. The
following officers have been elect
ed: Vera Fernandez, president; Bill
lie McCarty. vice president: Vir-
ginia Sethman. secretary. Mildred
Goodrich. librarian: and Virginia
Blum. sergeant AT arms. Miss Tuck
er Is directing this club laso.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
0 Endorses Dry
Law at Convention

BOSTON. Sept. 27-tP-The re-
publican party Of Massachusetts,. in
convention here today. endorsed
the party's 1923 declaration OF NV
enforcement and at the same time
reaffirmed the pronouncement Of
President Hoover that those who
seek TO amend the constitution "are
not subject 10 criticism"
In this form the convention
wrote iI~) its platform a plank on
prohibition.
Less than half a dozen mays"
yer heard from among the 1900
delegates when Amos Il. Taylor.
permanent chairman OF the con.
vention, put the question OF adop-
ton Of the platform. There VIZ no
debate.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
Produce Firm Leases
Cole Storage Space
Especial TO The HeraldJ

t0PC~Aai " lie E1eTdlQ)
HARLlNGEN, Sept. 27-Space in
the cold storage plant built here
by the Central Power and Light
company. embodying all the mod
ern featuIs and designed for the
particular needs Of Wade g. New
tons jobbing business. will be D
Grated here by this firm beginning
Monday.
Wade G. Newton has a long term
lease on space with a total capacity
of IS cars. Included in this ca
pacity Is room for four carloads Of
bananas.
The produce firm does a consid-
cradle jobbing business in the VAL
Icy amounting to about 5000, 900 an
Bually and will employ approx
mately 30 persons. The jobbing
business is managed by A. c. Nc
Coll.
The plant Is said to compare with
the most up-to-date and efficient
IN Texas.
Inspection Uf the new plant is
no. only permitted but is invited.
Produce headquarters Of the com
pany will remain in San Benito.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
HAVANA BANK
CLOSES DOORS
Confidence Is Expressed
That Institution Will
Reopen Monday

HAVANA. sept. 27--tF- The
Renk Of Commerce. a $4,000, 900 in
sTtution, closed is doors today
"for readjustment," and despite
announcement 1t would reopen
Monday, indications tonight were
1t would be unable to do so.
Government aid to enable the
bank to resume business promptly
had been anticipated but no word
came from the president to indicate
he will authorize such assistance.
Carlos Miguel lie Cespedes. secre-
tary Of public works. and one Of
the more important depositors al
the Bank of Commerce, said he
felt certain President Machaco
would return here some time to-
night or early tomorrow to in
vestigate the situation.
Reassured by this. a number of
the largest depositors. including
leaders in the sugar and tobacco
industries. prominent merchants
and real estate men. called a con-
ference and issued a statement
expressing their confidence in the
bank and its officers.
American banks were not serious
" embarrassed BY the Bank Of
Commences difficulties. Many Of
the smaller depositors withdrew
their accounts. but the larger
depositors refused to be concerned.
Ample emergency funds were avail
able TO these banks from the Fed
eral Reserve bank.
The Demetrio Cordova banking
company. which closed its doors
when the shutdown Of the Barb
Of Commerce this morning started
a general run. was declared to be
secure. Demetrio Cordova. presi-
dent. was said to have closed his
bank as a precautionary measure
zen prospects Of a run loomed
St will reopen Monday.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
City Briefs

Free instruction for ladies each
Thursday. two o'clock. Campbelrs
Bowling Alley. adv. tf.
Local Valley Business College re-
Gently sent following into positions
Miss Bertha Hartman. graduate
Teachers Training Department. In
charge OF Commercial Department
Of Los Fresnos High school. Ruey
Woodrome. Walker Craig company
mt Mission. Mrs. Maurine Mullcns.
H.. Fl. Banker. Virginia Vera. Model
Laundry. Mrs. Joe Ingram, Van
Siclen, architect.
New Glasses In Shorthand. book
keeDing and typewriting start at
VALLEY Business College. October
LIST. Both dav and night sessions.
Pay tuition monthly. Phone 744.
Adv. 20.
Dickey's Old Reliable Eve Water
relives sun and wind burned eyes
Adv. ID
Irrigated Land from owner. eighty
TO hundred fifty per acre: dry land.
twenty dollars. Box 169, San Benito
Adv. %
Visits Here.-L. Fl. Gonzales, Nc
Allen. visited his brother here Sat-
urday and Sunday.
Engineer Here. - j. d. French
concrete paving engineer Of the state
highway department, Is SPENDING
several DAYS in the vicinity o
Brownsville. The state engineer il
inspecting the work being done or
the state highway to Point Isabel.
Just received an excellent stool
OF new things in Mexican pottery
The Basket Place. Matamoros.
Adv. 4