davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21

strip the atoms of their electrons we c. uld
pack electrons and nuclei close enough to-
gether to give the densities found in our stars
and still have plenty of empty space left.
Theoretical considerations have shown us that
with the temperatures and pressures prevail
ing in these dwarf stars we nave exactly the
conditions to strip atoms"
OF the billions of stars which make Up our
galaxy only 125 are known to be as near as
80 light years. But Van Maanen's star Is
less than IS light years distant, Sirius is less
than nine and Barnard's star is only about
six. These three dwarfS among the suns
most immediate neighbors, dwelling just across
the street, as it MISCONCEPTIONS orbS which,
If they do not contain precious gold or noble
platinum, assuredly do contain matter in forms
far more unusual.
Has the Bureau Of Mines a proper record
of these claims?
Astronomical research received its initial i'm
pulse in the United States in the fourth dec
ade of the last century, period marked by
the Governments establishment of observa-
tory of national scope at Washington in 1912
and by the erection at Cambridge of the IS
inch telescope in 1847. 1t is true that pioneer
ing professors had done much industrious OBJ
serving prior to this time. Prof. Albert Hop
kins of Williams College, Prof. Elias LoomiS
of Western Reserve and Prof. o. M. Mitchell
at Cincinnati had established observatories.
But their early efforts were quite obviously
eclipsed by the work which began at Ear.
ward with the setting up of its ''incompa rable
telescope"
The telescope was a gift to the college from
public spirited citizens of Boston. It might
also be called gift from the skies, for the
apparition Of a dazzling daylight comet in 1843
had so excited public interest that commit
tee easily raised $4,000 as telescope fund.
That was quite sufficient in the '4Os to buy
the largest telescope in the world.
THE instrument ordered of the famous
German makers, Merz & Mailer, who
had recently completed lens of equal size
for the Gar of Russia Besides this Mus
covite twin, there was not its peer in all the
world. It's focal length was % feet, its objec.
tive glass was Is inches in diameter 1t ira
ve1ed across the Atlantic in one of the fast
clipper ships Upon its arrival it was mounted
on brick pier which had been erected ON
hilltop in the northern district of Cambridge
and there you may find it today, under q gray
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21

covery-the Right Rev. John F. Sullivan Of
Central Falls, r. l.
Others weighed the new-found star and its
mass turned out to be four-ffths of the suns
mass. But its brightness registered only 1-360th
Of the suns brightness at the same distance.
Apparently here was a star only red hot. 1t
was so catalogued in the star atlases-not ex-
actly a dark companion but dim one.
Then DIR. Walter S. Adams turned the 100
inch mirror of the Mount Wilson telescope on
the companion Of Sirius. He soon saw that,
far from being merely a red star 1t was white
hot It appeared dim because of its small size,
but area for area it was brighter than the
sum- When his observations were reduced it
found that the companion-would it be
egotism to call it the American Sirius?-was
not much larger than good-sized planet Those
who had been calling our sun dwarf star
were confronted with dwarf indeed.
They were confronted, too, with an enigma.
Squeeze four-fifthS of the sun into globe that
has diameter only one thirty third that of
the sun, and what have we? Matter $4,000
times dense as water. On terrestrial
scale of weights and measures it would average
a ton to the cubic inch.
But this seemed nonsense. star is gas
eous, and how a substance could be thousands
of times the density of the hardest solid metal
and yet remain gas was difficult to under
stand. DR.. Adams attacked the density deter
mination on a different basis and again the
result was the same
Meanwhile confirmation came from a new
source. DR.. z. E. Barnard, searching the skies
from Yerkes Observatory discovered a second
white dwarf Here again the star weighers
found star stuff of such massivity that they
could no longer regard the density of our
sun az times that of water) as the limit for
a gaseous body.
MORE recently another Mount Wilson OBJ
server, DIR. Adrian van Maanen, has dis
covered a third white dwarf. It is smaller
than the earth, and when its mass worked
out Van Maanen's star proved to be 4O0, 900
times the density of water-more than seven
tons to the cubic inch!
How can so much exist in so little? DR.. van
Maanen himself outlined an explanation in
a recent contribution to the Astronomical
Society of the Pacific:
1.-The physicists have told us that
the density OF an electron is about 80 times
that of water, while that Of the proton is enor-
mously higher stil1. II, therefore, we could
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
BA< BAAL
500 pLHNS&4 PENYEPS
Fine Gyms Make Basketball Second Only To
Football In Popularity

Is on a higher plane now than ever
before. Basketball IS the hardest
game of all to officiate for officials
have helped to standardize Off
ciating.
Basketball has gone through diff
ferent evolutionary stages and with
each succeeding one the game IS
becoming more scientific.
Few people are aware OF how
universally the game Is played.
During the last few weeks ! have
received requests for basketball
lessons from the following coun-
tries: Alaska. Porto Rico. Mexico,
Guam, and France. Our service
teams have no doubt been the
greatest medium OF spreading the
game.
Basketball Is played In the fol-
lowing countries that we know Of:
Alaska, Canadian Provinces, Hawaii.
China. Japan. Porto Rico and 9TH
er South American countries. Cuba
Panama, San Salvador, Spain.
Greece, Persia. Guam. England.
France, Mexico and others.
In many OF these countries the
game is played outside due nostly
to the warm climate. However,
playing facilities are increasing
with the popularity Of the games
as manifested by an order received
from the Mexican government BY
the Nurre Plate Glass Company Of
Bloomington. Ind. for four com
plete sets Of glass bank boards
Mexico sent a team to tour the
midwest last year and it surprised
everyone with its ability.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28

The dopesters have already set
tied on the fact that the lower
bracket championship lays between
the Prayer Boys and the Saints.
The three-game series between
these two clubs is likely to deter
mine which shall wear the lower
bracket crown. This game Monday
night will be the first Of these
three games which are stretched
out over the season. 1t will be the
measure Of strength between two
potent aggregations.
This is no place to 60 into the
history OF the Harrington aggrega-
ton. All followers OF basketball
over the Valley know what the
champion Methodists did last sea-
son. They swung through an un-
defeated season and missed the
state amateur championship by
only four points. This year the team
IS equally strong as 1t was last
season and Is a better organized
outfit under the able management
OF Hank Galloway.
Although they lacked organiza-
ton last season. the San Benito
Saints had enough individual bril-
lance to win the runner-up post
in the lower bracket. This wear
they have come back strongly deter
mined that the path OF the Meth
odists shall not be- strewn with
roses. The Saints have gone into
the season whole heartedly and
are generally rated a much better
aggregation than they were last
year.
They have brilliant individual
performers and Orvil CMule) Brown
IS knitting them into a smooth
machine. Be it recorded that Mule,
san Benito Junior high coach,
knows his hoops. losses and bas-
ketS. Monday nights contest may
prove the turning point in the
lower bracket race although the
season is but four games old.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
GIANTS TRAIN
With CHISOX
Major League Clubs Will
Stage Exhibitions
Over Country

CHICAGO, Dec. q. up - The
White Sox will hook up with the
New York Giants in another long
string of exhibition games during
their 1881 training trip.
Sixteen or more games will be
played between the two clubs dur
ing the spring drills. Two will be
at the Polo Grounds, New York
City on April ii and II.
The first contingent of White
Sox will leave Chicago for their
camp at San Antonio, Feb. q, and
will be joined there March / by
the second squad. The framing
cround will be Eagle Field. adjoin-
lng Breckenridge High school.
The spring exhibition schedule
includes:
Mar. 7 and 8, White Sox VS.
Houston at Houston, Tex.
March IA and Is White Sox VS..
Giants at San Antonio.
March II. White Sox rs. Univ
ersity of Texas at Austin.
March 81 and %, White Sox VS..
Giants at Houston.
March % and 20 White Sox VS..
Giants at San Antonio.
March 30. White Sox VS.. Giants
at Fort Worth.
March 81, White Soy VS.. Giants
at Dallas.
April l. White Sox vs.. Giants al
Shreveport, La.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
By BRIAN BELL

LOS ANGELES. Dec. ~. Up
Notre Dame at large ruled the
gridiron today. just as Notre
Dame Of South Bend during the
regular football season. and q team
called Rockne's All stars defeated
a West-South eleven coached by
Jimmy Phelan 20 to z.
The West-South outfit furnish
ed most Of the excitement but was
off to a slow start and Notre Dame
0 the game i'll the first period.
The Phelan-coached team was in
the position of playing the first
lew minutes for fun and the rest
OF the afternoon in a vain attempt
to get even.
Notre Dame scored twice before
some Of the spectators were set
tied In their seats. After taking
the kickoff and advancing the
ball to their own 28-yard line, the
Rough Riders marched in III plays
TO a touchdown. Jumping Joe Sa-
voldi bounding six yards on the
final play.
Score Again
They came right back with n
ether 4 few moments later. Elder
ran % yards before Captain Maj
fett OF the University OF Georgia
caught him from behind on the
Southwest 22-yard line. Savol-
di galloped the rest OF the way on
the next play.
The former Notre Dame fullback
made himself the scoring ace by
adding another touchdown in the
final period. dashing As yards and
then SO in two plays to finish with
MS third score Of the day.
The West-South aggregation DOM
mated the play in the third pc
Rod when Russ Saunders. former
University of Southern California
star, led his mates. from far and
near. TO their lone counter.
Notre Dame played with the
same precision which has marked
the performance Of RocKne coach
ed teams for more than a decade
OF TO a commanding lead. Cap
tain Carideo took no chances.
Paradeaux. Of Baylor University
got into the game as a substitute
for Shaw. of Southern California
at left guard.
Horace Gillette. OF Texas, wa:
the referee.
Clear. cool football weather
greeted the All-Notre Dame anc
the All-Star team of the Middle.
West. South and far West as they
took the field with $4,000 people
in the big bowl.
FIRST PERIOD
The All-Notre Dame combination
took the kickoff and on clever
PLAYS marched straight down tn
field for a touchdown. Savold
scoring. Carideo kicked goal.
The All-Stars received the kick
off but failed to advance the bal
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
BY EVERETT s. DEAN
Basketball Coach. Indiana [

DdSACtuau 1odIht Ahidiaiid IL
Basketball Is recognized in most
OF the country as the second major
sport. Its progress has come about
solely on its merits. Proximity OF
the crowd TO the players has made
IL possible for the crowd TO expert
nee thrills which 90 with speedy
action more than IN any other
sport.
Fine ~gymnasiums and field houses
IN many states n real testimony
to the popularity Of basketball. De-
mand for seating space has led
larger towns to build gymnasiums
with seating capacities of 1000 TO
5000. Fine field houses with seat
ing capacity from 5000 to $4,000
have been built TO meet the college
demand. Outstanding basketball
plants OF the country are the
Palestra at the University of
Pennsylvania, and most of the field
houses Of Big Ten schools. The
Indiana State High School Basket
ball Tournament is played each
fN1A btAOAN -UsDoO AdAAo anu OAAIlo
a great spectacle to sportdom.
Schedule making and tournament
play in high shoots have been
regulated by state athletic asso-
Citations to the extent that high
school basketball Is on a sounder
basis than ever before. Schedules
once consisted OF 35 games, which
were too many for the high school
boy. In some states 10 TO 20 games
now make up the schedules. The
strain Of long tournaments has
been avoided by spreading tourn-
aments over a period Of three weeks
instead Of two.
Uniform officiating is another
sign indicating progress. Officiating
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
Boys Basketball
Loop Is Organized

With six teams already entered
and a possibility that two more
may enter. the Brownsville Boys
Basketball league will swing into
action this coming Sunday.
The league was organized at n
meeting late last week which was
attended by managers OF teams.
Member clubs are the JackalS. the
Buccaneers. Westerners. "A. C.. y. WI.
Horned Frogs and The Herald. 81.
Joseph's academy is planning on
entering a club and there Is a pos
sibility Of another. II is likely that
another meeting will be held dur
ing the coming week TO determine
whether the other two entries are
coming into the loop.
Under the schedule adopted. each
club will meet each other twice.
At the end or the season the win
c and runner-up will meet in a
three-game series 10 determine the
championship.
Another rule invoked was a ten
player limit. The clubs are 10 sign
ten men now and will not be al
lowed 10 sign further men. This
was placed into effect IN order TO
avoid picking up star players for
hard games.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
Noted NJ. Y. Skater
Will Perform Here

James Dupree. known over the
country as an outstanding trick 6A
acrobatic skater. will perform at'
the local Newfield's Roller RlnkA
during the coming week. II has BEEN
announced.
Dupree will displar : wares at
4 p. m. and 8 p. m. or each day. He
is said to be n or the best skaters
ever to appear in the New York
Winter Rink.
The Roller Rink here Is located at
the entrance to TT. Brown.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
Giants to Train
AT San Antonio

NEW YORK. Dec. 81. lP,-The
New York Giants as well as the
Chicago White Sox will establish
their training base at San Antonio,
Tex, next spring. The Giants. &C
cording to the schedule made pub
lie today, have listed only 10 ex-
hibition games altogether. Of
which is are with the White Sox.
The opening game with the Univ
ersity OF Texas at Austin. March
II. Games will be played with the
Memphis club OF the Southern AS
ISOLATION at Memphis, April 4 and
5.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28

AUSTIN. Dec. 27-Pl-The Tex
as Longhorn Basketball team de-
feated the Southwest Teachers Of
Weatherford, Okla, As to 80 to-
night, taking a Is to II lead at
the half and holding 1t throughout
the second period despite liberal
substitutions by Coach Fred Walk
er. The visitors led BY one point
margins twice in the first half and
made a late scoring spree in the
second session that fell far short.
Earl Taylor. Longhorn forward.
led the scoring with eleven points.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
enmm9 The HERALD SPORTS SECTION anHa
:Notre Dame Stars Down Southwest 20 to Z
Notre Dame To
Get Award

NEW YORK. Dec. ~. Rg-
The Rough Riders from Notre
Dame. for the second successive
year. have been selected by the
Erskine award committee as the
outstanding football team OF the
country and winners or the Al
bert Russell Erskin Cup.
The cup will be presented the
team from South Bend In New
York City January 2. They will
get the silverware ana Coach
Knute Rockne will get an auto
mobile.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
North, South
Elevens Will
Meet Sunday

NEW YORK, Dec. 27-P- The
latest football game on record for
an eastern field is scheduled TO
be played tomorrow when all star
teams from the north and south
clash for the benefit OF charity.
After many vicissitudes. Jack
Mcbride and Stumpy Thomson OF
the Brooklyn Dodgers professional
team, former luminaries from
Syracuse and Georgia Tech res
pectively, have carried their plans
through to the point where their
teams are all assembled and a.
waiting the kickoff at Ebbetts
Field tomorrow afternoon.
The question OF just what charity
is TO benefit has been in doubt
ever since the knights or Column
bus. original sponsors OF the game
withdrew. but it is certain there
Will be some beneficiary.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
HANDLERS RUSH
OVER WINNING
TALES EARLY

and were forced to punt. On the
first play Elder slipped through
left tackle for IS yards. Savoldi
went the remaining distance to
score. Carideo again kicked goal.
Score All Notre Dame IA: All Star
o.
WEIGH OF the All-Stars took
Carideo's' kickoff on the eight
yard line for a beautiful 3l-yard
return. Saunders passed to Apsit
for "a yards and he carried the
ball to the Vineyard line. Apsit
failed to gain on running plays.
WEIGH passed over the goal line
but the ball fell incomplete. Score
first period: All Notre Dame IA;
All Stars 0.
SECOND PERIOD
The All Stars. with Wilcox and
Clifton inserted in the backfield,
carried the ball to Notre Danes
40-yard line before they we're STOP
ped. Carideo got off a long kick
to the All-Star three-yard line.
Saunders returned ten yards. Three
runs by Wilcox and a holding pen
atty put the ball on the All-Star
44-yard line.
Cannon was carried from the
field with an injured knee. The
All Stars made fifty-yard drive with
Edleson. former Southern California
halfback. breaking away for good
gains. The All Notre Dame team
stopped them on the 17-yard line.
The ball was on the Notre Dame
20-yard line ihen the half ended.
Score second period: All-Notre
Dame IA; All-Stars 0.
THIRD PERIOD
The All Notre Dame eleven was
unable to gain with the opening cf
the third period. Twice the All
Stars advanced past midfield only
to lose the ball Oh intercepted passes.
Saunders made a sparkling play
when his center passed high over
his head. He raced back. pick "a
a pass to Maffett.
The All-Stars. with Saunders
leading the attack. swept to the
Notre Dame eighteen-yard line,
where Vik. Rambler end. recovered
a bad All-Star pass from center
The Notre Dame team was forced
TO kick. Saunders returned Brill's
punt 81 yards TO the All-Star 30
yard line. Saunders broke away
for a twenty-yard run. He passed
to Carraway on the l5-yard line
On the next play. Saunders broke
through left guard for a touchdown
Price kicked goal. Score third pc
Rod: All-Notre Dame. IA: All
Stars
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28

rejuvenated All-Stars. With 5auE-
ders leading the attack. the AL
Stars moved 10 the center Of the
field where a tumble was
ed by Metzger.
Savoldi broke away for n 45-yard
run on a reverse and n few plays
later got away for a 36-yard run
on the same play and secured his
third touchdown. Carideo missed
goal.
Score: All-Notre Dame. 20: All
Stars, T..
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28

THE METHODISTS play a brand
Of basketball that would make a
fair university aggregation look TO
It's iaureIs. They are a veteran crew
who play a smoothly oiled game.
tn Saints have developed a strong
squad capable Of extending the
Mefhcdlsts 10 the limit. II these
clubs get together at top form Mon
day nlght-well. anyway. Spade
wants 20 be On hand 10 see this fay.
BOCHEY KOCH. Baylor's ALI
American llneman demonstrated
Saturday that ~e is worthy of the
honcrs bestowed upon him by the
critics. Koch was a power in the
West line and toward the end Of
the fray really got right against the
hest the East had 20 offer. IN the
closing moments Of play. Koch in
tercepted a pass to halt the closing
rush OF the Eastern eleven deep in
the Vests territory. "A few moments
later he broke through the East line
and blocked a kick. recovering the
oval.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28

Other games on the books for
that night will find Fort Brown al
Primera, Brownsville at Rio Hondo
and Weslaco at Sebastian. Primera
Is now in the second berth and
seems to be coming strong. Fort
Brown viii make a desperate eff
Tort TO get into the win column at
the expense OF the second-place
club. The BroEnsville-Rio Hondo
and Weslaco-Sebastian Tits ppea
well matched and they should give
the fans something to null over.
Tuesday night the throat cutting
VIII begin in the upper bracket
also. The u~ndefeated Edinburr
llremen take on the second place
Pharr aggregation and the n
deieated McAllen club will NAV
The third-place Edcouch tossers
Beth Of these games should be
notly contested. A defeat for either
OF the leaders viii throw them well
down the list.
The remaining games viii find
Edinourg J. c. at TT. RlngEold and
La Blanca at Progreso.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28

THE NFTFTELD's Roller Rink
frre is attracting many patrons.
UrSusDected agilitv is displayed
here daily rs the old timers and
YOUNGSTERS mix in gliding and
whIrllng around the rink. As a
snecIal attraction. the rink has
enrared James DuDree. noted trick.
rnrel.v and acrcbatic skater 70
give demonstrations. Dupree viii
appear all through the coming
week 81 4 p. m. afternoons and
. D. m. in the evenings. Dupree
has been performing in the Winter
Rink II New York OF late. he
states
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
COACH RESIGNS

BIG SPRING. Tex. Dec. PIP
Bill Stevens. athletic coach Of thc
Big Spring high school. gave his
resignation TO the school board to-
day. Stevens had been head coach
here three years, coming from La
mesa. His resignation was made ei-
fective at the end Of the present
term
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
FOURTH PERIOD

AT the start Of the fourth quarter,
Savoldi and Carideo returned TO the
An-Notre Dame team backfielf,
Elder broke away twice for nice end
runs. but even this backfield COM
bination could not gain against the
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
Lower Bracket

Games Monday
WcSlaco ct Sebastian.
TT. Brown at Primera
San Benito al Harrington.
Brownsville at Rio Hondo.
Games Tuesday
Edinburg j. c. at IT. Ringgold.
Pharr at Edinburg.
La Blanca at ProgreSo.
Edcouch at McAllea.
Results Friday
Edcouch So, Fl. Ringgold 20.
McAllen "A, La Blanca II.
San Benito Al. Rio Hondo 81.
Primera AZ, Weslaco Is.
Pharr beat Progreso Cscore un-
ayailable).
Edinburg j. c. forfeits to Edin-
burg.
Brownsville Sebastian postponed
Fl. Brown Harrington NJ. post
poned.
The fireworks will break forth
in the Rio Grande Valley Basket
Ball league this coming week wher
the leaders collide with strone
contenders. The lower bracket get
into action Monday night and TIT
upper follows suit Tuesday eve
ming.
The high spot in the lower sec
ton will be the collision between
the San Benito Saints and the
Harrington Methodists Monday
night at Harlingen. Both OF these
strong units are undefeated anC
both clubs are expected to display
mid-season form when they get
together on the new gymnasium al
Harrington.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28

Fire DESTROYED an all-steeI house
IN Glasgow. Scotland. recently. and
consumed everything owned hy nj.
McInnes and his bride Of q month.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-12-28
The
Sports
Spade

undefeated and this list Is Certain
70 Be reduced BY at least n after
Monday night. That Harrington
Mefhodist-San Benito Saint contest
AZ Harrington Monday night should
prnvlde some Of the fastest basket
ball this section has ever seen. There
are two excellent clubs. well matched
meeting on a fast indoor gymnasium.
IT the crowd can be gotten out. this
game viii make many basketball
fans.