The Washington times., 1930-03-07
How To Fly
LESSON NO. ~
OF The Washington Times Flying Club
By CAPT. ROY FONKE
EAan
NARCOTICS MIXED WITH
AerOnlNtiCGL Engineer

After this Is done, the engine
should be prepared for the start,
ing. Prime the motor. This is
done by injecting gasoline in a
small amount through the prim.
ing cocks. For. cold weather,
however, the printing is usually
much heavier than in warm
weather starting. Now, with the
ignition still "off," the prop"
should be turned over two or
three times. When this Is done
the motor is ready for starting.
Spark Must BE Retarded
The spark should be fully re.
tarded. The throttle should be
slightly opened to a point about
one.third open to make sure that
the motor will turn UP about TOO
or 800 revolutions per minute.
At this point one Of the ignition
switches should be turned "on"
and the engine cranked by pull
ing down land away on the
propeller.
AS soon as the engine has
started, both switches should be
turned "on." Advance the spark
about half way and leave the
throttle in the same position as
when starting. At this point
allow the engine to warm up by
running at an idling speed at
about 700 or 800 r. p. m.
AS the motor Is warming up,
which should take from about
five to 10 minutes, a close check
should be made as to ammeter
readings, water circulation, oil
piping leaks, oil pressure and air
pressure.
With the hand test the tenn.
perature Of the crankcaSe. The
water temperature reading should
show a very steady rise UP to,
but not exceeding, 200 degrees
Fahrenheit. In most cases, de-
pending upon weather conditions,
180 degrees Fahrenheit will prove
to be about the most efficient
temperature.
The readings on the oil pres
sure gauge, after about two or
three minutes Of running at
idling speed, will show about five
or six pounds pressure. When
opened full the oil pressure read
ing should show about 80 pounds
pressure as a maximum. How
ever, after first starting the pres
sures will be slightly higher than
they will be after the engine has
been fully warmed up.
Readings Of Ammeter
AS for the ammeter readings,
the needle on the guage viii show
a charge or a discharge, accord
ing to the regulated speed Of the
engine. At very low idling
speeds, the meter will perhaps
show q slight discharge" but as
the number Of r. p. ms in
creaSes, the amount Of charge
will increase.
AS for the air pressure guage,
the pressure on the gasoline tanks
should read about three or four
pounds pressure. There is a
regulator, however, supplied with
which the amount Of air pressure
can be controlled. The air-plmp
for the gasoline tank is operated
from the engine.
The ignition systems should be
checked. This may be done by
cutting off first one and then
the other. At slow engine speeds
some slight difference can be
noted when the motor Is opera
ting on one or both switches.
Before stopping the engine, it
should be permitted to idle down
for q few minutes to permit 1t
to cool off as much as possible.
Then at this point the switches
may be turned "OFF' and at the
same time the throttle opened
wide. This will choke the engine
and stop it at once.
Caution should be taken that
no attempt is made to start the
engine Immediately after 1t has
been stopped, as preignition
might take place, causing the
engine to "kick" and possibly
growing rather disastrous.