davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-19

now no good reason why any full
time station should Suffer large
losses If properly managed. More
over, for some Of the owners q ra-
dio station represents certain in
tangible assets and goodwill rev.
enueS that cannot be measured In
dollars and cents.
How firmly established broad
casting Is becoming is well indi-
Gated by the fact that the short
wave relay auxiliarieS of the Gen.
eral Electric's WGY Of Science
tady and Westinghouse KDKA
at Pittsburgh have applied to the
Federal Radio Commission for re-
moval Of the experimental provi-
sion of their licenses so as to per-
NIT the broadcaSting by short
waves of their commercial pro-
grams to foreign countries, where
they would be picked up and re-
broadcast by local stations.
THE state of the art" writes
w. j. Purcell, operating engineer
OF WGY, in making this request
on behalf of General Electric, "haS
progressed to the point where re-
ception in foreign countries Is al
most 100 per cent reliable, and
the time has arrived when the
high cost of operation and pro-
grams for such tranSmiSSionS
might we'll be shared by CONNER
cial interests desiring to use them
for advertising purposes"
II X II Il
Portable Station Added
STATION 10-XAC is the latest
addition to the Columbia
Broadcasting System. 1t is por-
table short-wave station which
will be used by Columbia an
nouncers in reporting special
news and sporting events. The
station will succeed the knapSack
transmitter Ted Husing used at
the golf matches last Summer.
Although the first portable was
successful, it had several def
ciencieS which have been elimi-
mated in the new highly efficient
set. The new tranSmitter is con-
tanned in an aluminium case, 1917
by Is by IL inches. Beneath its
aluminium cover are the tuning
dials and instruments. Inside the
metal case itself, 200 volts of aero
plane "B" batteries, three tiny q
volt storage batteries and the
transmitting instruments are
compactly stored, each separated
by thick aluminium shields. Tht
power rating of the tranSmitter 1;
seven and one-half watts. It en-
ploys one 171-type tube as a mod.
ulator, one 112-type as oScillatol
and as a speech amplifier an or.
binary COLA receiving tube.
The antenna is built like fiSh.
ing rod. It comes in three sec.
tions, Is made of copper tubinl
and is 4 feet in length. When II
operation it is set into socket
placed in the top Of the trans.
mitter. When not in use 1t may
be taken apart and placed inside
the metal container.
Has 4 to s Mile Range.
Edwin K. Cohan, technical di,
rector of Columbia and one of thu
designers of the set, says that i
will have an effective range o
from 4 to 6 miles. 1t is particu
larly effective when used in tn
open country where there Is NJ
interference from steel buildings
Station 10-XAC is licensed b,
the Federal Radio Commission t.
operate on a frequency of 2,47
kilocycles, equivalent to 1912 me
tiers. 1t Is crystal controlled.
The transmitter is used in con
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-19

~ OES broadcasting pay?
Consider these figures
submitted to the Federal
- Radio Commission by the
leading Chicago broadcasters, each
according to his own way OF keep
ing books, during the commits
sion's hearings on high power.
These stations are among the Is
or more throughout the country
seeking authority to build new
tranSmitterS Of 5O,O00-watt power,
which would entail additional
capital expenditures OF up to
$25O,OO
Station WGN-From 1924 to Au-
gust 81, 1890, the total cost OF OPP
Grating this station, owned by the
Chicago Tribune, was given as
$2,O78, 1876, of which $187, PTS is de-
probation. Accepting advertising
accounts during the last two years
only, its total revenue has amount
ed to $652,333. It's net operating
loss, therefore, has been 81 ,425, 1853.
During the first eight months of
1880, operating expenses have
0CC1A YOOESOOO1 oAAA 4ONOAAONOB Y@@113
$50, or a net operating loss of
$110,336. It's manager, Henry Sell
linger, estimates that losses this
year will be about $164,000.
WNIAQ Making Money.
Station WMAQ-Since 1922 this
station has represented an invest
ment Of $1,75O,244. It's revenues
have amounted to $722,093. AL
though the Chicago Daily News
has more than 100000 sunk
into this station, its income has,
by dint of good management,
reached a point where it is ex-
ceeding its operating costs. Will
liam s. Hedges, president of the
station, estimates its present in
come to be about $43, 900 a month
and its operating costs about
$40, 900 a month.
Station WENR-EStabliShed In
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Writer Has Long List
of Rail Superstitions


Black cats are eyed with hSrror by
railroad men, but dogs are considered
lucky. Cross-eyed people avoid APP
preaching American engine cabs be-
cause they are evil omens liable to be
driven away with well-aimed Jumps
Of coal. t IaaHH iE
Their proper function Is to sit on the
first seat of the rear coach, thereby
comforting one days luck on the con-
ductor. AS matter Of fact while the
engine driver is giving his steed a
final inspection all adults who stare
at him are considered unlucky unless
they are accompanied by children.
Accidents on United States lines are
believed to occur in triplets. An en-
gineer who reports one is gloomy and
respondent until he has worked off
the spell by reporting two more.
Neither will any engineer who has
not lost all interest in life cheerfully
write "13 cars" on his report; he pre-
fers to report "13 cars and an engine"
The brakeman supports the driver in
his observance of superstitious rites
by never carrying his lamp above his
waist. To do so is considered fatal.
But the strangest of all tales of
railway superstition is the story Of
+ the engine on the New York, New
Haven and Hartford line. On the thir-
teenth of every month, no matter who
he may be, the driver of that engine
reports sick. The number of the en-
CINE is O-13.-London Mail.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Rugs Woven by Berbers
Before Roman Coma

Rug making Is a most ancient art
In Africa, and has its origin In the
days before the Roman occupation,
when the Berbers, inspired by Aslatic
art, made carpets in designs and col
Orlngs similar to those woven at the
present time by the native tribes. Rug
making at first was home industry,
and the art Of weaving was handed
down from one generation to another.
In great number of tribes a head
craftsman set up the loom, after
which the women, under his direction,
wove the rug according to his design.
Since the French conquest Of Algeria,
the rug making industry has developed
rapidly, owing to active propaganda
on the part of the natives as well as
to the creation Of numerous industrial
schools. Each region In Algeria has
Its own methods of working and pro-
duces a Characteristic type of rug.
Berber rugs are woven of faded wool
and look almost like tapestry. The
Arab weave, on the other hand, has a
thick, short, soft pile, not unlike the
Smyrna rugs. A type known as Guer-
gour has central isolated motif on
plain background surrounded by
floral border. Its oriental origin is un-
deniable Kalaa rugs come in shades
Of yellow, blue, green and brown, and
have wide frlnges.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02

@eaOCaS ahA SeSe 49,
Whatever the terr0rs Of the gale we
ought perhaps to congratulate our
selves that life In q city is rather less
dangerous In high wind than 1t was
In the past. Perhaps the Seventeenth
century was the most dangerous; be-
fore that time, when London, for in
stance, was largely made up Of wooden
houses with matched roofs, discom-
fort may have been very great, but
danger was probably less. In the Sew
enteenth century, discomfort and
danger must have been pretty equally
matched. Unfortunately Pepys did not
live to record his Impressions Of the
great storm of 1903, but we have his
lively account of that every foule,
windy, and rainy morning of January
"a, 1855" when my Lord (Bruncker)
and /. the wind being again very furi-
GUS, SO as we burst not 60 by water,
walked to London quite round the
bridge; and Lord, what a dirty Wake
we had, that in the fields we many
times could not carry our bodies
against 1t, but were driven backwards.
1t was dangerous to walk the
streets, the bricks and tiles falling
from the houses that the whole streets
were covered with them; and whole
chimneys, nay, the houses in two or
three places blowed down. But, above
all, the pales on London bridge on
both sides were blown away, 80 that
we were fam to stoop very low for
fear Of blowing of Of the bridge
Manchester Guardian.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Trace Old Superstition
10 to Historic Incident

Quite few common sayings, 1t has
been found, come down from old Eng
llsh ballads, while some are founded
on some historical incident. The most
famous of the latter perhaps Il the
old Scottish superstition, bad luck to
kill spiders"
Those who have read the various
stories Of Robert Bruce, king Of Scot
land, will recall the one where 1t is
told Of the Scottish baron who. awak-
ening one morning disheartened over
his attempts to conquer the English
and gain the throne Of Scotland, saw
spider trying to fasten Its web
across the rafters Of the building.
Twice the spider tried and failed
and thereupon Bruce resolved that If
its third attempt should be successful,
he, too, would try again to defeat the
English and gain the Scottish throne.
Bruce, watching the spider, saw it
steeling itself for supreme effort,
the spider sprang, and succeeded in
fastening its web on the rafter, and,
full Of courage, Bruce arose to try
once again, and like the spider, sue
ceeded. Hence, the superstition, "Bad
luck to kill spider" -l,
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Claims Elephant Leads
; 9W Beasts in Intelligence

The question of the relative intelli-
gence of our so-called "dumb" beasts
seems to be one to which there is no
end. Wherever animal men gather the
controversy wages hot and furious.
II think elephants are the most In
telligent of all animals" says Hub
bard Nye, writing in Liberty Maya
zine. II realize this opens an argu-
ment, for every man who has worked
In a circus or menagerie may think
otherwise. at HatT..it a.
MY coptention," continues Nye, SIS
that elephants show more intelligence
in learning to work. In twenty min
utes you can teach an elephant to
plow cornfeld and not step on
single shoot. The big beasts intelli-
gence shines brightest in vaudeville
work. He is the only animal capable
Of going through his stunts without a
trainer and without cues.
"The three-ton star will stand back
stage waiting for bis act for an hour
and half, placid, thinking his ele-
plant thoughts, while property men
shift scenery right under his trunk
and chorus girls go scuttling around
him. You can lead him between the
most fragile sets of gauze, and he
won't hurt thing" .........
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Bavarian Village Like
Part of Another World

The little village Of oberammergau
lies In the midst Of the Bavarian
mountains, and from the moment you
arrive you feel that you have been
transported to q new world. The very
porter who shoulders your bag to your
villa Gas likely as not you will be lodg-
ing with Pontius PLATE, or St John
the Divine) has the face and haxen
curls Of an angel, though in his earthly
form he wears the embroidered cos
tune Of these parts. As you walk the
streets you win meet with men and
women who, for all you know, have
stepped from the pages Of the New
Testament. Yet with all this, there is
not a hint Of artifciality, not sug-
gestion Of anything In the least the
atrical. The performance Of their parts
in the Passion play is as natural part
Of the lives Of these good villagers as
are the wood carving and pottery max
ing or other humble crafts which they
pursue.-Edwln Petrle.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Art in All the Ages
Matter of Environment

There is no such thing as a first
class artist In a second-class country.
The artist must be able to draw on
the total energies that surround him.
Nothing but an Ellzabethan England
could have produced Shakespeare:
nothing but an England In the full
tide Of business and inventive energy
could have produced that galaxy Of
talent which we find at the time Of
Dickens, Thackeray and Tennyson.
When energy takes the form Of war,
as 1t did in France, we find that the
artistic equivalent Of 1t is criticism.
The country that develops a theory
Of social organization Is almost always
bound to develop great music, as
was true in Germany. But one can
see these various energies slowly de-
'clining in the countries to which at
this moment they seem to belong.
Money and literature are steadily re-
treating from England to America.
Ideas Of war and Of criticism are
steadily departing from France to
Italy. Theories of social organization
and music seem to be slipping from
Germany to Russia.-James Stephens
In the Forum.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
American Ice Sheets

In North America three ice sheets
have been Identified. The Labra-
dorean in the northeast had its CEN
ter in northern Quebec, whence 1t
spread in every direction to the south.
Its flow covered most Of eastern Can
ada and reached as far as New York
and Cincinnati. The Keewatin sheet,
radiating from relatively low, ground
to west of the Hudson bay, on the
one hand came into confluence with
the Labradorean sheet, and on the
other hand met the third sheet. The
Cordilleran DIVORCES from an axis
southwest Of the Rocky mountains
and in its full development may have
come in contact with the Keewatin.
In the southwest 1t reached yancou-
yer and the Pacific ocean. The drift
less area Of Wisconsin 800 miles with
in the lobate front of the Keewatin
and the Labradorean sheet was left
untouched. Just why this area es-
capped is by no means clear.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Raeh0l'a Buav Life

Rachel Bunker Of Nantucket lived
and kept well occupied back In an age
when large families were the fashion.
A resident Of the island in looking over
some old manuscripts and papers came
across a note In which the following
vital facts were recorded:
"Rachel Bunker was taken I'll on the
It'll, died on the 9th and was buried
on the nth Of the 18th month, 4.
aged 80 years, Z months, % days.
"She had IL children, 113 grandchil-
dren and 80 great-grandehildren
about 20 years Of her life was de-
voted to public service. in which time
she assisted in the birth of 1894 chill
dren. There were 81 pair Of twins in
the number" r.
Rachel assuredly did all that one
woman could be expected to do toward
adding to the Islands population and
Its fine strain Of sturdy seafarers and
capable home max -Brockton En-
terprise.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Grecian influence on
Culture of Old Rome

Almost as far back as the history
Of Rome extends Greek influences are
to be traced In the development of
Roman culture. The Roman people
were conservative and slow to culti-
vate the artistic sense. Rome had
. little creative genius. In her whole
history she did not produce an artist
such as Phidias and Praxiteles. The
nature of the Roman was unusually
practical and localized power, law and
profit. The Romans never created
distinctive style of architecture such
as the Greeks. They borrowed their
architecture from the Etruscans and
the Greeks. The literary life Of Rome
has profound effect upon mankind
Cicero with his orations, political and
educational treatises; Caesar with his
commentaries on the Gallo war; Sal
lust with his history Of Rome; the
poets Lucretius and Catullus. These
poets, however, do not compare with
the Had and Odyssey of Homer, the
Greek philosophers Plato and Arls-
t0tle, Socrates, Xenophon and the
orators Lyais and Isocrates.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Yellowstone History

The Yellowstone region was orig.
inally occupied by peaceful Sheepeat-
er Indians. There are evidences that
white trappers had entered the region
as early as 1908, hut the rumors OF
Its wonders which from time to time
reached the civilized world were given
little credence until Henry d. Wash.
burn, surveyor general Of Montana,
published the first real account of IT
in 1870. In 1871 the region was ex.
plored and mapped by the United
States geological and geographical sur
vey OF the territories, and in 1872 con.
gress made II a national park.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Death.D ealing Habits

The handshake, universal gesture
Of friendship, is the distributor Of
disease and death. It has been defin-
itely established that typhoid fever,
tuberculosis, diptheria and cholera
are among the diseases which may be
carried through the handshake. Elk
periments have shown that the seventh
person removed from the original
germ bearer may be infected The
danger would be greatly lessened were
1t not for the common habit Of put
ting the fingers in the mouth. A group
of 40 students and teachers in IL
brary were observed during period
of half hour. Only one person failed
to carry his hand to his mouth. Thir
teen members Of the group were seen
to mOisten their fingers before turning
the leaves of their books, a particular
ly dangerous habit. tsdi-.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Chinese Capital Loses sol
Noted "Thieves' Market"

The famous thieves market" Of
China's ancient capital is formally
abolished in a decree issued by Gen.
Chang Yin-wu, mayor of Peiping.
The decree also prohibits the fairs
which have been held for centuries
there at dawn and after nightfall. The
decree quotes Chinese classical
writer as saying that the middle Of
the day is the time for people to buy
and sell. The thieves market" has
been one Of the most picturesque fea-
lures of Peiping life for generations.
To an appointed place hundreds of
dealers have brought every conceiv-
able sort of object at six o'clock in
the morning, or earlier, and Chinese
and foreign residents in search of bar
gains have been the patrons. 1t has
been popularity supposed that large
number Of the articles displayed were
stolen, which accounted for their sur
prising cheapness.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Ecuador Offers Much of
Interest to Explorer

Ecuador may look small on the map,
but to the explorer 1t Is an immensely
large country, because Of the greatly
varied nature Of its physical charac-
teristics and the Accordingly interest
Ing things seen or all sides.
Rising from the lowlands of the Pa.
ciRc 1t extends back over the Andes
and then down into the jungle land
about the headwaters Of the Amazon.
Many OF its ancient tribes still exist.
with their tribal customs of hundreds
Of years ago, such as grotesQue paint
ing Of the bodies and disHguring Of
the faces.
The main industry Of the country is
grazing, although large quantities of
chocolate and smaller quantities Of
bananas, rice cotton, cacao and other
lOwland products are raised. Fairly
good qualities Of cotton and wooden
goods are also manufactured.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Two Kinds Of "Notes"

Dear Eric" wrote young lady to
her former tiance. with sadness--'as
You are probably aware, am to be
married to Mr.. Bendleby during the
coming month. shall. therefore. ap-
preciate 1t II you will burn all the lit
tie notes ! sent you, assuring you OF
reciprocity In regard to those you sent
me-"
Dear Dorothy" wrote Eric, in re-
ply shall certainly comply with
your request at once. And, incidental
ly, as your new fanee holds few
notes Of mine. shall deem 1t a great
favor II you will induce him to burn
them with the rest!'
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Best to Register Bonds

Registration protects the owner Of
United States bond from loss or theft,
and holders generally are urged.
wherever practicable, to take advan-
tage Of the privilege of registration.
In case of the loss or theft of reg
istered bond, unless assigned in blank
or for exchange for coupon bonds
without instructions restricting deliv-
cry, the Treasury department will give
relief to the owner In accordance with
the provisions Of paragraphs SO to s5
Of Department Circular No. 800. Hold
ers Of registered bonds receive inter
est checks drawn on the treasurer Of
the United States in payment of in
terest as it falls due, and their names
are all recorded on the books of the
Treasury department. .rt
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Technolorieal Education

The beginning Of chronological edu-
cation may be traced back to ancient
times, as is evidenced by the construc-
ton of the pyramids Of Egypt, the
.aqueducts, military roads and fortifca-
tions of the ancient Romans. During
the Middle ages there was general
lack of interest in learning of all
kinds. 1t was principally conducted by
the monks and similar religious or
CARNATIONS, whose interest was more
in the arts than in the sciences. Tech.
biological schools were founded in the
Eighteenth century. In the United
States the work of DIR. Jacob Bigelow
did much to further interest in tech
biological studies. He published his
Elements in Technology" In 1929.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02

One will look In vain In Westmln-
ster Rbbey for the tomb Of one Of the
greatest, most learned Englishnen.
The remains Of Francis Bacon, Baron
verulam, lord chancellor Of England,
philosopher and essayIst, lie In a small
old country church on the outskirts
Of st. Adams. Bacon, It 10 related,
caught a fatal chill when stutting
fowl with snow ON a bitter day to
see whether cold would preserve the
Aesh-an action typical Of the man
who combined marvellous versatility
with an unquenchable thirst for first
hand knowledge.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
A HUMDINGER
CIGAR FOR Sc
Greatest Five-cent Cigar That
Ever Came Your Way!

Have five-cent cigars been leav-
ing a bad taste in your mouth and
poor impression on your mind?
Are you willing to start all over
again--jhst once? Shove a nickel
across the nearest cigar counter
with this password: Hdpana Rib
bon. Back will come the proof that
five cents does buy not only a good
cigar, but the finest cigar that small
sum eper bought. And why not?
In our determination to put "a good
five-cent cigar" back ON the map,
we use nothing but long-filler, fully
ripe tobacco. No short ends to come
out in your mouth. No bitter, under-
ripe nor flat-tasting eVer-ripe
leaves. But the true-tasting, mel
low-mild, flavorful middle leaves of
choice tobacco plants. How do we
do it? Volume production. Try one
Havana Ribbon and you'll tie to it
regularly Also Practical Pocket
Packages of five cigars.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1930-05-02
Birthplace of Banana

The original home Of the banana is
believed to have been in India, where
1t has been cultivated from remotest
antiquity. Even before the time of
written history, the edible banana had
been spread over the Old world by
cultivation and other agencies, from
southern Asia, westward to Africa
and eastward to the islands of the
Pacific. Bas-reliefs on the monuments
Of ancient Assyria and Egypt indicate
its early culture. The first known
Importation of the banana into the
United States was in the late sixties.
As late as 1879, the banana was
looked upon as somewhat of curl
osity in the United States.--Detroit
News. ...... .s.... .,t... .,..