davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
SHELBY J. DAVIDSON

The funeral services Of Shelby
Jeans Davidson, 50, prominent
redsattorney and real estate
dealer, Who died last Saturday at
his residence, 1888 r st. N. W.,
after an illness Of nearly four
years, were held yesterday with
the Rev. G. T. Rivers. pastor Of
Berean Baptist Church, officiat-
ing.
The deceased was q native of
Lexington, KY, and came to the
District in 1893 as a clerk in the
Postoffice Department. He left
the Government service in 1912
and took up the practice Of law
here. He was q graduate Of the
University Of Louisville and How
ard University.
Surviving him are his widow,
Mrs. Leonora Davidson, a daugh-
ter, Miss Ophelia Davidson, q
teacher at Armstrong High
School, a son, Eugene Davidson,
and a sister, Mrs. Mary Holloway.
Of Chicago, III.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
BIRTHS

Geoffrey M. and Helen Thornett girl
Ellis o. and Lucy Briggs. girl.
]. William and Helen Vollner, girl.
Hurry c. and Marguerite Houff, girl
Lionel L. and Elizabeth NJ Rowe
William p. and Lula N. Campbell
Earl R. and Teresia M. Lewis, girl
John w. and Wilma N. Faulkner,
girl.
Clyde A. and Gertrude seIleck. boy.
wilber C. and Musa Pickett, boy.
Douglass v. and Beatrice Cornwell.
William s. and DrusilIa Saul. boy.
Velmont ]. and Lucy Fabre, boy.
C. Joseph and Ethel Keene, boy.
Jose and Antonitta Lemucchi, boy.
Melvin e. and May J. Railey. boy.
John A. and Dorothy flanagan, boy.
John r, w. and Consuelo Diehl. boy.
John H. and Grace Humphries, boy.
Shaler and Bendette NJ. Ladd. boy.
Thad and Mildred e. Yowell, boy.
Peter and Mary E. Olszewski, boy.
Clarence A. and Emma B. Trainum.
boy.
Samuel H. and Priscilla Barboo. boy.
Thomas r. and Doris H. Holmes, boy.
Douglas H. and Dorothy Gillette.
girl.
Alvin and Virginia Greensbury, boy.
Richard and Cora Coleman. girl
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
MRS. CHARLOTTE CAYWOOD
COREY

Funeral services for Mrs.
Charlotte Caywood Corey, 81,
who died yesterday at her home,
938 K st. N. W., following a nine
week illness, will be held tomor-
row at 2 o'clock, with burial in
Glenwood Cemetery.
Mrs. Corey, whose fatal illness
was the first long illness she had
suffered during her entire life.
time was active and alert even
in her declining years. She was
a member Of the Federation Of
Music Clubs.
Born in Newburgh, N. Y, Mrs.
Corey came to Washington dur
ing the Civil War, and soon
after, married Major J. Weed
Corey.
Mrs. Corey is survived by a
son, DR.. George B. Corey, of New
York City; three grandchildren,
Miss Gurle LuiSe Corey and Mrs.
D. M. zirkle, of this city, and
Miss Frances Corey, of New York
City; a brother, Charles B. Cay
wood, local realtor. and a sister.
Loretta Caywood, also of this
city. !
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
Maj. DeFrees Weds
PhiIadeLphia Girl

Miss Barbara Bayley, "a, Of
Philadelphia, and Major Thomas
Morris DeFrees, 68, Of 1912 K
st. N. W., were married in Nor
folk, Va, yesterday. Following
their honeymoon they will reside
in Washington.
Major DeFrees entered the
Army half a century ago in 1886
and was commissioned in 1888. He
was retired with the rank Of cap
tain in 1897 for disability in
CURED in line Of duty, but served
with the U. s. Guards during the
World War with the rang Of
major. ...
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
LEO p. McANDREWs

Private funeral services for Leo
P. McAndrews, 20, of 1908 Euclid
st. N. W.. a freshman of the
Georgetown University L a "
School, who died yesterday at
Providence Hospital following a
brief illness, will be held tomor-
row morning at 9 o'clock at st,
Paul'S Church, with burial in
Mount Olivet Cemetery.
Young McAndrews, who was
born in Lowell, Mass, was a
graduate of Gonzaga High School
and of Georgetown University. He
is survived by his parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Martin J. McAndrews,
and two brothers, John and
George McAndrewS.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
D. ]. 'CONNEL[
IS DEAD IN NY.

NEW YORK. Dec. 80 u.N.S)
Representative David j. O'Connell,
80, Democrat from the Ninth dis
trict, New York, was stricken sud
denly on the street here last night
and died before medical aid could
be summoned.
gO'Connell was for many years
connected with the publishing bus
mess in New York city.
O'Connell was first elected to
the Sixty-sixth Congress, and re-
elected to the Sixty-eighth, serving
continuously since,
He was born in New York on
Christmas Day, 1868.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
Appointments Made
For Foreign Service

Recently appointed foreign SER
vice officers have been assigned
to the following stations, accord
ing to a State Department an
nouncement yesterday: Charles
w. Yost, Watertown, N. Y, to
duty as vice consul at Alexandria,
Egypt; Kenneth J. Yearns, Wash
ington; H. M. Byington, jr., Con-
necticut, and John S. Hubner,
Baltimore, to duty at the State
Department.
Theodore S. Cleveland, Ohio,
and Arthur L. Richards, Califor-
mia, to the Foreign Service School
here.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
DEATHS

Mary Bssrrisr. 81 years sI5 Mary
Hirem KiDbey IS ysarA 1907 D
Elizabeth FairalL 81 years siOlsy
Pembroke shiplsy, rs years. s1s
N'ensa clotild" Ia l. = Mcpowell. "a years nO7
wyoming Ave. N. W.
Lula simmons, IS years. st. Eliza
Nellie L. Conway. 50 years. sibley
Julian vanHorn, SO years. Emsr-
Otto Il. austhlsr. ~ years. Provi.
Nettie N. Summers. 80 years. 4s2a
Davenport st. N. w.
Infant Of Cephan and Eliz. Thomas,
hours $50 G st. s. w.
Infant of Lille Conklin. weeks.
GaIlinger Hospital.
Mary Miller, 81 years. nA r st.
George Waugh. L" years l'lS s
william Taylor. 81 years. Galltnger
Lucy Gum. So years. 1929 Capitol
Lille e. Skinner. 81 years. Galllngsr
Carrie b. Overhaul 20 years. 1913
Corcoran st. n. w.
Helen Phiffer. 20 years. 1lS ThOma,
Stanley Gales. : years. Garfield uos-
Llnwood Ward, g. dayA sall n
infant Of Robert and Dorothy Ward.
hours. 321 L st. 8. ".
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
StednaGN Prescott, 81,
To Be Md. AttOrneu

ROCKVILLE, Md, Dec. 80.
After but six years of practice
Stedman Prescott, "a year old
Georgetown Law School graduate,
will become States attorney for
Montgomery county when he is
sworn in Monday to succeed Rob-
ert Peter, jr.
He brings into office an un.
usually strong record of successes.
the outstanding one Of which,
perhaps, is his handling of the
Edward Mills case in 1928 in
which he proved the innocence
of his client, Samuel Robertson.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
Bishop Freeman Air
Speech on ThIIrsdGY

The Right Rev. James E. Free
man, Bishop of Washington, will
speak on unemployment at the
IL o'clock service in the Wash
ington Cathedral New Years Day.
The services will be broadcast
over the nationwide network Of
the Columbia Broadcasiing Sys-
tenn.
Holy communion will be cele-
blated at 1880 and 9 o'clock the
morning Of New Years Day and
VeSpers will be held at 4 o'clock
In the afternoon.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
Births, Deaths and Marriages
MRS. MAupE 3. WATERS

Funeral services for Mrs. Maude
Estella Waters, 81, who died on
Sunday at her home in Gathers
burg, Nd, following a brief i'll
ness, will be held tomorrow at
10:30 o'clock at her residence,
with interment in Monocacy
Cemetery, Beallsville, Md.
Mrs. Waters, who was formerly
of Poolesville, had been a resident
Of Montgomery county during her
entire lifetime. She had been
active for several years in the
Methodist Episcopal Church South,
of ClarkSburg.
She is survived by her husband.
Charles G. Waters, o retired
farmer and business man: two
sons, William Waters, an autorno-
bils dealer. Of Gaithersburg, and
Joseph T. Waters, proprietors Of
drug stores in Rockville and
Gaithersburg, and a daughter.
Miss Maria Waters, also Of
Gaithersburg.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
0'ConneII Second Democrat
TO Die This Session

Representative David j. O'Con-
nell, of Brooklyn, who died sud.
denly last night, is the second
Democratic member Of Congress
to die In the present session of
Congress. Representative John F.
Quayle, Of Brooklyn. died about
two weeks ago.
The death Of OfConnell makes
the Democratic membership Of
the next Congress 214; Republt.
cans, 218; Farmer-Labor, /; with
two vacant seats to be filled by
special election.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
ROLAND LEE

Funeral services for Roland Lee,
20, oiler on the Annapolis Clair
borne ferry boat, the John M.
Dennis, who was drowned Sun
day night when he fell into the
waters of the bay as the boat
docked at the wharf, will be held
tomorrow at Taylor's funeral
home in Annapolis, Md, with
burial in Mt. Arlington Cemetery,
Baltimore.
Mr.. Lee, who was Fastening
home, had changed to his street
clothes and is said to have leaped
to the wharf as the boat was
docking. His foot slipped when
it struck a piece Of ice and he
fell into the water. He was
drowned before aid could reach
him. Coroner John w. Anderson
rendered a verdict Of accidental
death.
Mr.. Lee is survived by his
widow, Of 534 Fourth st. s. E.,
a bride of scarcely three months.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
CHARLES HENRY CONVICTION

CHARLES HENRY CONVICTION
Funeral services for Charles
Henry Covington, 81, a black
smith, of 155 D st. S. E., who died
suddenly on Sunday at Emergency
Hospital, after he had fallen down
a flight of steps, will be held to-
morrow afternoon at 2 o'clock
from the chapel Of w. w. Cham
bers undertaking establishment,
1400 Chaplin st. N. w., with burial
in Cedar Hill Cemetery.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
MRS. FLORENCE L. STUART

Funeral services for Mrs.
Florence Livingston Stuart, widow
of Capt. Sidney E. Stuart, Of the
Ordnance Department, Of the
United States Army, who died
last Sunday in Boston, Mass,
were held today at the home Of
her daughter, Mrs. Alden D.
Wheeler, Norwell, Mass, accord
ing to word received here. Burial
was at West Point, N. Y.
Besides her daughter, Mrs.
Stuart, who was the daughter Of
the late Col. LaRhett L. Living
ston, of the Third United States
Artillery, is survived by three
children. Major LaRhett L.
Stuart, of the Coast Artillery
Corps; Sidney e. Stuart, of
Boston, and Mrs. James Hamilton,
Of this city.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30
MRS. MARY WADSWORTH
-. WOOD

Funeral services for Mrs. Mary
Wadsworth Wood, widow Of Brig.
Gen. Oliver z. Wood, Of the
United States Army, who died
last Saturday at the home Of her
son, Lieut.. Col. Norton E. Wood,
at Essex Fells, N. j., will be
held on Monday at Arlington Ma
tional Cemetery, it was an
nounced here yesterday.
Mrs. Wood, who lived in Wash
ington for is years following the
death Of her husband in 1910,
went to live with her son in Es-
sex Fells in 1925.
When her husband was mill
tSSy attache at the United States
Embassy at Toxic for four years,
Mrs. Wood was presented with a
painting by the Japanese govern
ment in honor of her relief work
during the Russo Japanese war.
The Washington times., 1930-12-30

FUNERAL DIRECTORS
The Washington times., 1930-12-30

NEUMAN. ELLA--On TUESDAY morning
December 30. 1890. ELLA NEUMAN.
the beloved wife of Isaac Eeuman. and
the devoted mother of Arthur Eeuman and
Lester Neuman
Funeral srevices will be conducted from
the residence of her son. Arthur Neuman,
340o Fulton St. n. W.. on Wednesday af-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25
ARCADrA-HARLINGEN

Comedy Is the keynote OF the new
program opening O two day engage
Ment at the Harrington Arcadia
Theatre today. The feature attrac.
ton They Learned About Women"
serves as the initial introduction OF
v~audeville's premier headline song
and dance team Van and Schenck.
The pair or troupers who have, dur
ing the past few years, sung and
wisecracked their way over practi-
cally every vaudeville circuit In the
country.
In "rhey Learned About Wo-
men" they sing ten new song hits.
written for them by Milton Ager
and Jack Yellen. Amt You Beby?",
Does My Baby7". Harlem Mad
ness, Hes That Kind OF O Pal".
Ten Little Mamas'. i've Got n
Man Of My own There VIII
Never Be Another Mary. Part
ners''. I'm an Old-Fashioned Guy"
and "Dougherty".
Bessie Love plays opposite the
singing stars, enacttng the role OF
the girl with whom the pals both
are in love. She Is engaged TO one
when he Is. "vampcd" by N chorus
girl. Brcken-hearted, she plans to
marry the other when the partner
ship Is split up by jealousy.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25


Intelligent direction and striking
~ beautiful photography are cons
picuous in THE ship From 6hang-
hal" Metro-G oldwyn-M Mayors adap-
tation OF Dale Collins novel. "Or-
DEAL. now on view at the Capitol
Theatre.
The picture. said to Be the first
TO be filmed almost In It's entirety
on the high seas with complete talk
ing equipment. is made even more
realistic by the sound of the waves
beating against the sides OF the
ship and washing over the decks,
the breaking away OF masts and
sails and the frenzied shouting OF
the crew.
Louis Wolheim Is well cast as
the loathsome steward, this actor
apparently getting his greatest en-
ioyment out OF making himself as
unattractive as possible. In this ms
lance he assumes n characterize
ton which one would shudder tc
meet In O dark alley at night. Con-
rad Nagel and Kay johnson have
the romantic leads and Holme:
Herbert and Carmel Myers are ef-
fective as the millionaire owner Of
the yacht and his weak willed wife
zeffie Tilbury In amusing as the
dowaeer Lady Daley who doesn't
know what it's all about.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25
MOVIE SIDELIGHTS

mite preview Saturday at 1850 p. III.
Is he or Is he not q professional
prize fighter
Armstrong, who portrays the
character OF a fighter In BE Your
self" and who participates In three
distinct ring battles In the produc-
ton. desires to know of the AM
ateur Athletic Union whether his
amateur standing as q simon pure
golfer Is endangered.
The matter Is more important
than q superficial reading might
lead one to believe, because Arm
strong during the making OF the
picture was entered In an amateur
golfing tournament.
There are some who define n prize
fighter as who fights for gain.
In that event the actor must neces-
sariIy be catalogues as q profess
sional, because, indisputably. he
earns part OF his salary for his ef-
forts as a screen fighter.
Others contend that acting is a
profession calling for the recrea-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25
Mansfield on Texas Gulf Coast
Harbors

Congressman Joseph j. Mansfield OF Texas Is the
ranking minority member Of the rivers and harbors
committee. This COMMITTEES is said to be paving the
way for q very large appropriation for the improve
ment Of waterways and harbors. He stressed in a
speech on the new bill the vast Importance OF Texas
harbOrs In the water commerce Of the United States.
He declared that since the development Of rail lines
In the Southwest and of the Gulf ports In Texas the
water commerce had grown to such an extent that
IN 1928. Of the total exports Of the United States,
amounting to s5J034.e73.i42 the ports Of Texas had
handled ss17.oo2 0s2. or nearly one-sixth. IN point OF
exports. Mansfield declared. Texas was second In the
list OF states, New York holding first position with
her harbors more than 400 years old. This excerpt
from the Mansfield address should be OF interest to
al Texans:
The traffic that actually passed through the Tex
as Gulf ports originating chiefly In Oklahoma, Kan
saS. Colorado, New Mexico. Texas, totaled A.s43,526
tons. The major portion Of this went into the export
and outgoing coastwise trade. Imports were small,
being but little more than one million tons. Cotton
for many years constituted the chief item Of COM
merce passing through the ports Of Texas. The ship
ments I'm 1928 were 1,545.s tons. the equivalent Of
e.lss,5eo bales. This cotton was produced primarily
In Texas and OklahoGna, and represented about AZ
per cent Of the total production for that year"
II there Is to be the largest appropriation in his
tory for American waterways and harbors, then a
large slice Of the appropriation should be given 70 the
Gulf ports OF Texas with the largest costline OF any
American commonwealth Texas Gulf ports are
growing by leaps and bounds. There Is an intra-
coastal canal. It should be developed 70 the fullest
capacity. These Gulf port cities Of Texas have had
amazing growth In recent years. They are dctting
me coast line from Brownsville on the south to
bhe Louisiana border on the north.
They are the gateway to all European ports. 10 all
south American ports. to all the ports Of the Orient.
they are almost within speaking distance Of the
Panama canal
Some day Texas and Oklahoma and Arkansas and
New Mexico and Arizona viii produce more than half
che annual cotton crop OF America Texas and Okla
homa and Arkansas are among the great petroleum
states of the union. Never overlook the fact that In
value Of exports and tonnage Texas ranks second and
New York first and New York harbors were first de-
veloped away back in the dead century.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25
6!'M NSifW'YSORk1f

'nigger-bsby" rack and the ring
the-cane" concession.
But there Is one more triumph,
Eentlemenl one more item that
must not be missed -. that IA
nous painting -. let me assure
you that this is the sight OF o life
time 49,. absolutely no one under
Is allowed within these doors ......
Only IS cents :. the quarter part
OF q dollar"
After passing which, ! threw
away the piece Of straw Id been
chewing on, and went upon my way.
The efforts OF Belle Livingston,
once q theatrical favcrite to bring
the salon" idea 70 Manhattan.
have again been short-lived-this
time. thanks TO the revenue officers.
A couple Of winters ago Belle de-
cided that the more -or-less erudite
New Workers would like a place to
talk things over and SO she took q
mansion in the Fifties, where writ
crs and artists and society folk ga
t1eItQ. But II WAS no AlldLtCtml
success and Mile. Livingston turned
TO writing magazine stuff.
When suddenly she reappeared In
the SwanEiest section Of Park Ave-
nue., she told me one evening that
she was engaged in another opus.
which she intended TO title, With
Livingston in Darkest America"
Her new resort attracted the 'ul-
tra-ultra' trade Of her neiahbor-
hood, those toney folk who were
Just on their way TO the polo match
es or TO their winter sports engage
ments.
The real novelty OF the place lay
IN the fact that no money was ex-
changed for purchases. Books OF
tickets were on sale for something
like so per each. IF one wanted
a match or a package OF cigarets,
q coupon was used.
Several clubs. In fact. have used
this coupon system and found II
particularly profitable, since some
| purchasers never come back and
| others allowed their books 10 expire
with many coupons still unused. All
Of which adds up q good houzs gro
1t.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25
The Once Over
ABOUT THIS TIME OF YEAR

FOR sALE-Beautiful farm OF fifty acres, more o.
less; trees Of al kinds and all conditions: barns,
chicken-houses. sheds; plows. harrows. reapers. tools
OF al tastes: just the thing for q city dweller who
doesn't know when he Is well off. Cp. z. Box 35s.
"
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. country estate, or approxi-
mately SO. on high ground surrounded by mortgage
holders; house was built by q moneyed nitwit from
plans conceived during q Welsh rarebit nightmare;
has eighteen rooms. ten OF which would never 10
missed. NO water, gas or electricity. but think or the
fun you'll have? Nicodemus & Plat, 72S Spruce sc.
sss
FOR SALE-Spcrtsman's Paradise. See this curl
GUS place so deep In the woods that even Amos and
Andy can't penetrate IL. Twenty-Five acres OF virgin
country Astounding with game. unless the agent has
been deceived: lodge was built BY a man who want
ed the best Of everything and who is evidently stiIl
looking for IL; win throw In two brd-dogs. shotgun
and Winchester Repeating Arms company calendar
to quick buyer. Phone Academy 1882.
~
TIRED OF THE cTTY?-Come out today and see
this wonderful old-faShioned farmhouse built In Revo-
lutionary War tine: has every known Inconvenience
and discomfort; old Dutch ovens, six massive fire.
places, rambling cellar, curious closets, warped floors
and. well you know how old farmhouses are. II you
have always thought you would like an old farm
house to remodel this viii cure you. Petticomb e.
Gopher, First Natl onal Bank Bldg.
LOOKi-Here Is the chance Of q lifetime for q
sportsman who Is used to disappointment: lovely ten
acre farm in country on crest overlooking pumping
stations, inns, hot-dog stands and antique shops; now
owned by q man who trusted to a description over the
telephone. Has deep lake on premises into which
three former owners jumped. Cuthbert a. Widgett
Elks Hall Building.
OPPORTUNrTY-Have you often felt the yearning
for q place away from it alp We have 1t for you:
an eight-room remodeled farmhouse far away from
any State roads. In fact pretty far away from any
roads whatsoever: in a section where the nights are
so quiet a cricket will keep you awake forever; has
harm for three horses, houses for 800 chickens. pig
pens and lots OF other things you won't need. Need
gers, Phone Kalsomine 5S92.
TO LET-Seashore bungalows. We have 300 OF
these in q row at popular shore resort: very chunmy:
you can reach out the living room window and shake
hands with the man in the house next door: it is not
compulsory. however: each shack has four rooms with
elbow room for two people or three Lilliputians; spend
the summer here and appreciate life in the city.
Goldbaum, Goldbaum and Goldbaum.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25

Broadway May BE the Main Stem
OF a Big City, But Sometimes
1t Looks Like . County Fairs
Midway.
NEW YORK. April 24-The county
fair atmosphere which frequently
hangs over the Broadway belt be-
comes particularly thick as spring
creeps in.
Perhaps this slice OF rursltty Is
injected TO make the millions OF
visitors from many way points feel
at home. My own hunch is that
it's an appeal to the little bit Of
rube that's In every local wayfarer.
At the moment, 1t A. possible 10
start nc AND street and. dropping
in on the freak show At Hubert's
museum as a beginning, find an ex-
traordinary assortment or attract
ions that appeal TO those who like
to crane their necks.
A few doors up you VIII find a
first class old-fashioned medicine
show. Around the corner the MIN
strels are moving IN. Stopping en-
route you'll see the pretty young
ladies tossing hot cakes In the win
dows and the other pretty ladies
demonstrating how cigarets are
turned out.
Just across the street Is the mod
ern variation OF the medicine show
the combination psychologist
strong man, who can teach you how
70 be successful in three lessons,
yet still has to rent corner store
space for his purposes. There, with
a flood light revealing his particu-
larly plant muscles. the spieler vii
sell you brain as well as Drawn food
for a small sum.
Three doors away, one OF the doz-
en- auction houses will ar1use YOU
with a line capable or turning q
rhinestone into q Tiffany gem. II
this brief trip. Il win have been
possible 70 encounter q shooting gal
lery, a penny arcade peep show. q
rare assortment Of ballun merchants
Dancing doll pitchmens orange drink
vendors and hot dog emporiums
The music from the Chinese noodle
resorts win have doomed In your
ears and you begin TO look for the
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-04-25

Gov. Moody knows his figures. Texas Is paying q
Nttle over 100000 less per year for her textbooks
than other states. Texas textbooks cost BIT cents
Der pupil less than the average for all the other states
of the United States. Now the governor did not make
the figures. They were made by the federal text
book bureau. Hell Raiser Hatcher should get the
reuort OF the federal textbook bureau. He should
spread the light. knowledge Is power. and the mod
ern candidate IS well as the modern practical poll
t,c,an IS short on facts as well as figures and long
on bluff and buncombe.