davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Auxiliary Chairman
On National Program

Mrs. A. e.. Porter Edgeley, child
welfare chairman Of the American
Legion Auxiliary, department Of
North Dakota, is attending the Child
Welfare conference Of the national
organization held in Chicago today
and tomorrow.
Fifty.one departments Of the ma
tional organization will be represent
ed at this meeting, where many noted
speakers will be heard, among them
DR.. Carstens, executive director, Child
Welfare League Of America, and DR..
Barnard, director Of the White House
conference Of child health and pro:
lection.
Mrs. Porter will give q paper on
Direct Material Belief In Child We'll
fare Work." This paper is based
upon the program Of work carried out
in North Dakota. The national or
g~anization feels that the child walfare
program Of North Dakota, under Mrs.
Porter, has ben outstanding this
year, and take this means Of telling
the other fifty departments how
North Dakota administers direct ma
terial relief to the needy children of
ex-service men. This year the Amer
lean Legion Auxiliary has given d.
rect material relief to about fifty
children of ex-service men, in approx
imately 80 families.
Mrs. Porter is also working out q
definite program Of child health in
cooperation with other established
agencies in the state. Because we
have no children's hospital in the
state, the Auxiliary has financed
medical aid and examination to needy
children of ex-service men, when pos.
sible. This summer the organization
plans to endow beds at the Rest
Camp for under-nourished children
at Camp Grassick, in connection with
the North Dakota tuberculosis as
ISOLATION. These beds will cost the
Auxiliary dollar per day each,
and will be provided only for in
digent. under nourished children Of
e%x-service men. Every unit in the
state will help toward making this
plan a real success.
A social meeting Of the Senior
LuLner League CT the 1Tlnlty luLn-
eran church will be held this eve
ming at the home of Mrs. j. w.
Knscht, with Mrs. Kneclt and Miss
Velva Livdahl as h~ostesses. All mem
bers and friends are cordially invited.
y
Mrs. D. A.. Dodds left last evening
for Minneapolis, where she will spend
q few days visiting friends.
- ~
Mrs. j. w. Meidinger, Ashley, is
spending a few days visiting with
friends in the city.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07

has been presented to the Mandan
city commissioners.
Only 1851 loads OF fuel were
weighed on the city scales last month
compared to 1910 loads during Jan
uary. the report shows.
Other Weighing activities OF MI.
Wickham during the month were:
hay. "a loads; straw. s.: cattle, /: and
hogs I. Total number of loads
weighed was 1,1l2, which brought q
return to the city of $lll.20
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Rescue Fund Pledges.
Have Reached Big Sun

Chicago, Mar. 7.-(R-Phillip i
Clarke, head Of the collectors Of tt
rescue fund"x announced last rigf
that pledges had passed the quota d
81, 100000. the sum estimated 3
necessary to operate the local govern
ments until collection Of taxes begir,
again in July.
The millions to tide governments
through the tax crisis will be deposit
ed In warrant trust, to be used Il
payrolls as needed.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Chocolate covered peanuts,
half pound 16c, Saturday. A.
w. Lucas Co.

Announcement for Stomach Sufferers
Stomach sufferers in Bismarck and
vicinity will be glad TO learn that
Halls Drug store, Bismarck. North
Dakota. has been appointed EXCLUSIVES
counties for Plumbers Tablets. which
have gained an envtable reputation
throughout tho United States IN the
relief OF stomach disorders. Have
or write +. ii. Pfundsr, Inc, 1914
NtcoIlett Ave-, Minneapolis. Minn.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
THE PIONEER
Lines Written by w. b. Falconer
For Meeting Of Burleigh
Pioneer Association

VI ~ kCIXA
Pioneer. Association
At the meeting of the Burleigh
County Pioneers association, February
20, verses to the memory of the trail
blazers OF the west were read by their
author, w. B. Falconer, of Apple
Greek. Members expressed the wish
that they be published, with which
wish The Tribune now complies,
though 1t Is not its policy to pub
lish verse.
The lines of Mr.. Falconer are dedi-
Gated to the pioneer, the real trail
blazers. who paved the way for the
civilization that Burleigh county en-
joys today. "A few of these hardy
souls we still have with us; many we
have watched with silvery hair and
~tottering step, go down LIES road to
the world beyond, no doubt to blaze
new trials for we who must follow .
said Mr. Falcorer.
To The Pioneer
Let us honor the memory Of the pio-
Who held the reins or goaded the
steer
And followed the path of the glisten-
ing sun; .
For where he left off, we've begun.
We owe q debt Of gratitude to
The brave hearts Of that noble few
Who blazed the trail meath the burn
ing sun,
Where the coyote skulked and the
antelope run.
It was not adventure nor a desire
For material wealth and gains
That drew him with his young wife
Out on these trackless plains.
Who with pitchfork made his humble
bed,
When the campfires' glowing Goals
were dead
And the shadowy moonbeams soft did
steal
Thru the slivery spokes of the wag-
gonwheel.
From natures scanty storehouse,
E-e, his every need must fill
Where the coyotes ckattery voice
Pierced the evening air, so still.
The cartridge belt was the meal
ticket,
The rifle was the punch.
Woe unto him who punched more
Than he needed for his lunch.
Love Of liberty, is what carried him
Across the bridgeless streams:
That from his old home and friends,
Drew him t. this land Of dreams.
Where the buffalo grazed in peaceful
herds
Among the prairie flowers and twit-
tering birds
And the grass. freshened by recent
rains,
Rolled in billowy waves across the
plains.
This old earth is the book of life
It's pages record our joys and strife;
Thus these ardent lovers Of nature,
Offsprings Of natures God;
Have written their story with hoof
and wheel
Upon the prairie sod.
Let us take a. leaf from his grassy
pages,
Preserve and hand it down thru
the ages:
A leaf. In fingerprints, new growing
dim;
Thus with q hush of reverence,
honor him.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Turner Brought Here
To Begin Sentence
For Assault at Yates

Sheriff John Gates. Of Fort Yates.
brought to the state prison here,
Wednesday afternoon. F. g. Turner.
to serve from one to three years on q
charge Of assaulting A. NJ. Jesperson.
reservation farm supervisor, with q
deadly weapon, last spring.
Turner was convicted after trial at
Fort Yates. He appealed, but the
supreme court turned down his APP
peal.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY

WANTED TO RENT-By q reliable
party. furnished three large room
apartment on ground floor. must
be all modern. Write Bismarck
Tribune. in care Of Ad. No. e.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07

FOR RENT-Cozy furnished apart
ment with kitchencttc and private
bath, private entrance. Call at al
West Rosser Ave. or phone 1913.
Possession March 18th.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Mexican Citizen Dies
On Arizona GallOWS

Florence, Ariz., Mar. 7.-(F-Re-
fugio Macias, Mexican citizen, died
on the state prison gallows today for
the murder IA months ago of Pedro
CrnclaS at Morenci, Ariz. The trap
was sprung at $3.50 a. m, (mountain
time) and Macias was pronounced
dead at 4:58 q. m.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Additional District
Tournament Scores
SEMI-FlNALS


No. 16 (subdistrict) at Lansford:
Mohall 10: Glenburn Z.
Sherwood 81; Kenmare IL.
No. 8 ct Mandan:
Mandan Is; New Salem IL.
Ashley a.; Napoleon u.
No. 8 at Mayville:
Grand Forks 50: Portland s.
Mayvtlle 81; Northwood IA.
FIRT ROUND
No. 4 at Jamestown.
Glendale rs: Darlington IL.
Jamestown 10; Medina IL
New Rockford 28: Marion II.
No. IL at Minot:
Berthold 80; Parshau "a.
Minot 50; Ryder 8.
Granville 26: Drake 20.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Glendale Man Speaks
Before Farm Group at
Minnesota University

st. Paul Mar. 7.-(PeJ. w. Nc
Nary, Of the Baldwin farms, Ellen
dale, N. D., spoke on farm leases to-
day at the two-day cours in land
management at the University Farm
school here. More than 100 persons
attended the sessions.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07

Circle No. 2 Of the Trinity
Lutheran Aid will have q food
sale at the A. w. Lucas Store
Saturday, March 8, beginning
at i p. m.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
VALLEY CITY z Z Pn

VALLEY CITY GETS PRO
Valley City. N. D.. Mar. I.-R1-The
Valley City Country club Will hire q
professional golfer again this year.
directors decided at = meeting last
night
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
VOTE FL0on RELIEF

Paris, Mar. 7.-(P-The chamber Of
deputies today unanimously voted q
credit Of LOO, 1000. 900 francs (about
$4.000,000) for the relief Of flood suf-
ferers In the Garonne basin.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
City, County Briefs
Joseph Powers, Fargo attorney,
in Bismarck on legal business.

DR.. j. o. Thorson. Fargo. is a Wis
itor In the city today.
II. p. Jacobson, Mott, former state
senator, is spending q few days In
Bismarck.
J. p. Cain, Dickinson attorney, and
senator from Stark county, is trans
acting business In the city.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Garfield, Of VIII
liston, on their way home from the
airplane show at st. Louis, stopped
over In Bismarck and were guests Of
Mr.. and Mrs. F. M. Roberts. They
were flying in a Karikeen plane.
The Seventh Day Adventist church
will conduct Sabbath school at 2 p.
m. tomorrow afternoon, to be followed
by the regular service at 3 p. m, &C
cording to F. F. Schwindt, pastor. r.
r. Bietz will speak on the topic, Help
Me Find My Place."
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
GuNpERsoN rossEs rN HAr

Mitchell, s. D., Mar. 7.-lP)-As
sorting that he wishes an opportunit,
to complete the work begun in 1872
and 1926. when he ives governor, Car
Gunderson, will be a candidate 70
the position this year. Gunderscl
will seek the Republican nomination.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
SAM RAsK TO FILE

Blooming Prairie. Mimi, Mar. T.
(P-Sam A. Rask, local banker, today
said he expected to file for the office
Of lieutenant governor Of Minnesota
within 10 days. Rask has been active
in furthering agricultural program OF
the Minnesota Bankers association.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Warm February Hurts
Mandan Coal Business

Higher temperatures during Feb.
ruary brought a marked drop in
Maadan's coal consumption. accord
ing TO the regular February report Of
E. O.. Wickham, city weigher. which
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
MARION BANK PAYS

Depositors Of the closed Marion
State bank are being paid q dividend
Of 10 per cent, bringing total dtvi-
dends paid by this bank to IS per
cent, according to L. r. Baird. re-
ceiver. Payment is being made
through A. -. Jouea, Lisbon.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07

st. Georges Guild Food Sale
at B. X. Skeels, 318 Main Ave-,
Saturday afternoon.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
PARTRYDGEs ARE LIBERATED

Fargo. N. D., Mar. 7.-ReTwenty-
seven pairs Of Hungarian partridges,
part Of the 500 pairs imported BY the
state game and fish commission from
Czecho : Slovakja, viii be released In
Cas- county today or Friday, accord
Ing to VIII -Magill, Fargo.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07
Lovely hair!

Modern hair dressers add beauty t.
your hair by graceful lines and con-
tours. It IS just as important to keep
your hair soft, lustrous, abundant,
rich in color.
Millions of girls and women are
doing this at home with the easy help
Of Danderine. It is so simple to use.
All you do IS put q little on your
brush each time you arrange your
hair.
Instantly Danderine brings out tho
natural color Of dingy. lifeless hair:
makes it more sparkling and lustrous
than brilliantine; makes it easy to
manage; holds it in place.
Tho consistent s Of Danderine
dissolves the crust of dandruff; stops
falling hair: tends to make the hair
grow long, silky and abundant. Five
million bottles used a year!-Adv.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1930-03-07

Hair bobbing, bring the chill.
dren Saturday. A. w. Lucas Co.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21

the line Of the hgure, as in style
No. lel.
1t is modified princess type that Is
equally suited to miss or Tnatron and
Is designed in sizes Is, 10, 20 years,
So, 50, 40 and ~ inches bust. The
front in panel effect gives the figure
the smart vertical line and slimnesS 50
essential to smartness this season. The
circular skirt at either side and at the
back Is shaped snugly through the
hips with ripping fulneSs at hem
which dips its sides.
The bodice is beautifully nodded in
princess lines. A softly flaring collar
of Vionnet neekline detractS from the
breadth and makes this delightful
princess dress suited to larger women.
Flaring cuffs of sleeves are ultra
new and fatteringly feminine.
silk crepe, chiffon, crepe marocain
fishnet. crepe satin and wool crepe
Smartly appropriate.
For a pattern of this style, send is
cents In stamps or coin directly to The
Washington Stars New York Fashion
Bureau, Fifth avenue and Twenty-ninth
street, New York.
We suggest that when you send for
pattern you inclose 10 cents additional
for copy Of large Fashion Magazine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
Food Variety Beyond That
Of Our Richest Ancestors

a demand for more variety. We Ameri-
cans Of this generation enjoy variety
even the poorest Of us-that was UNI
dreamed of even by kings and mobiles
in the days gone by. We sometimes
overlook the fact that millions of per-
sons still feed and thrive upon a diet
that consists of one or two staple
articles, with only few other foods as
accessories. The humble Scotchman
and his family eat oatmeal every day
of the year and still smack their lips
over 1t. The Chinese never grows weary
Of rice, though he eats 1t for every meal.
Our colonial ancestors in some Sec
tons of the country often used to exist
for long periods with very little save
bean porridge hot and cold. Cornmeal
cooked In various ways often used to
constitute the only cereal of the colo
nists. Until very recent years most peo-
pie have had to get along with only
the fruits or vegetables that could be
grown within their immediate territory.
Really, we have enormous variety, or,
at least, the markets and food stores
provide 1t. Perhaps we do not take
advantage of 1t. We may be always
complaining that We have so little vari-
ETY., and at the same time We may rank
among those who are always unwilling
to try anything new.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21

der boxes, cream jars, etc, on the
lower shelf, and plenty of room on the
upper one for brush and comb.
When you consider that the lower
shelf is II inches long and inches
wide, it is easy to see how practical
this piece would be.
The container for shoes and stock
ings, shown in the lower part of the
sketch, is ideal for an apartment or
large house closet. 1t is made of
maple in rich honey finish and comes
in two sizes, one to take care Of 6
pairs of shoes and 16 pairs of stock
ings and the other for pairs Of shoes
and 20 pairs of stockings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
Chocolate Blanc Mango.

Chocolate added to blanc mango gives
it an excellent flavor. For q sauce,
custard is the best. Mix one-third cup.
full Of sugar with one-fourth cupful OF
cocoa and one-fourth teaSpoonfuI OF
salt and noisten with milk. Place over
the FIRE in the inner pan of q double
boiler and let come to q boil. Moisten
one-fourth cupful Of cornstarch with a
little milk, then add two cupfuls of
milk to the cocoa mixture in the double
boiler. Heat together in the boiler and
stir the cornstarch into this. Continue
stirring until the cornstarch has thick
ened the mixture, then cook for about
80 minutes. Remove from the FIRE, add
half q teaspoonful Of vanilla, pour into
a mold moistened with cold water, cool,
and serve with sweetened cream, Gus
tard sauce, or surround with sliced ba-
nanas and the blanc mango topped
with whipped cream.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
Meager Dinner Redeemed
When Good Soup Is Served

yolks of two eggs beaten smooth In
cup of milk.
Among this weeks interesting queries
Is this:
please tell me a good recipe for
baking onions. I have eaten them and
like them, but don't know how to
prepare them. Lydia.
There are several good ways of bak-
ing onions One Is to boil them till
tender, drain them, place them in
buttered baking dish and pour white
sauce over them, and then bake until
brown. Another is to add cheese to the
white sauce, or to top 1t with crumbs
before baking.
Then there are stuffed baked onions,
prepared by removing some of the
center of the onion after 1t is cooked
and adding a little bread crumbs and
nut meats, we'll seasoned with melted
butter, then baking the onions 10 or
Is minutes, basting with melted butter
and boiling water.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21

1t may seem the most natural thing
in the world to crave variety in food.
IF only we could have something en-
tirely new" and IF only we didn't keep
having the same things" are complaints
heard in private homes as well as in
boarding houses.
Most of us seem to think that be-
sides having a right to demand "life,
liberty and the pursuit of happiness"
we also have a right to expect wide
variety in our diet. The old lady who
makes her home with her son and
daughter in-law complains at the mo-
notony of the daughter in-law's cook
ing, and the boy in boarding school
yearns for something different from
that which he is accustomed.
Before you let yourself join the ranks
of the variety cravers, stop and ask
yourself whether you really need or
have a right to expect so much variety
in what you eat.
Perhaps it is true that variety breeds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
LAMB STEW.

Take three or three and one
half pounds meaty fore of lamb,
have meat man chop six or seven
times, cut of most all fat, remove
outside skin, which gives a bad
favor: cut in small pieces, put
in five or six quart saucepan half
full of cold water. When this is
hot, add five or six large onions
cut fine. Bring again to a boil,
add five or six large car
rots cut in small cubes, bring to
a quick boil, then let boil slowly
about three or four hours; then
add five or six large potatoes, cut
in small cubes. When done,
thicken with one teaeup of corn
flour and add one-half teaspoon
of celery salt, one small table,
spoon of salt. This is good
warmed over several times. Add
little butter and water to warm
over.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
Fashions of Today
Stockings Inconspicuous.

Fashion in her present mood looks
with disfavor not only on conspicuous
shoes. but on stockings Of the sort that
attract attention.
Because We are so thoroughly aceus-
toned to stockings of Q beige or flesh
tone, beige or flesh our stockings re-
main Stockings of q tone to match
the dress might theoretically be less
conspicuous than those Of the lighter
sort, but their very novelty would attract
attention.
Gradually, however. stockings are be-
strike you as unbelievably light when
you unroll them, and If you actually
wear them you feel unconfortably aware
that most Of the well dressed women
you meet are wearing stockings several
taneG darker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
Household Methods
Preparing Soup.
BY BETSY CALLIsrER.


Soup is doubtless one Of the oldest
standbys Of food.
In its Oldest forms, of course. Il was
served as the mainstay Of the meal. A
big bowl of soup with bread, and per-
hapS some onions and cheese, still
forms the mainstay of diet in many
peasant homes.
The more modern, more sophisticated
way is to use soup as something TO
tempt rather than TO satisfy the appe-
tite at the big meal Of the day. A
bowl OF thick soup is still often served
for luncheon. But for dinner the SOUPS
that whet but don't satisfy are the
ones chosen.
For that reason the clever hostess
does not serve dried bean soup for
dinner-unlesS dinner is otherwise a
rather meager meal. Nor does she
serve thick, rich cream SOUP.
To be sure, cream soups are served
occasionally as the first course at din
ner. But they are delicately made and
they are served In small portions. A
small bouillon cup not more than two
thirds full of cream mushroom soup is
indeed a tempting dinner dish-a dish
that makes the appetite crave more
food instead of satisfying 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
Hollandaise Sauce.

Divide half a cupful of butter into
two pieces. Put one piece into a sauce
pan with two egg yolks and one table
spoonful Of lemon juice. Hold the
saucepan over a larger one containing
boiling water Stir constantly until the
butter is melted, then add the other
piece of butter. Stir well until the
sauce thiekens. Remove from the fire,
add one-fourth teaspoonful Of salt and
q little cayenne pepper, then serve.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
Fig Mullins.

Boil one eupful of dried figs for 10
minutes, drain, clip the stems, then
chop the figs. Cream one-fourth cupful
of shortening with half cupful Of
sugar, add one beaten egg, three table
spoonfuls of melasses and half a cup
full of water. Combine with two cup
fuls of flour sifted with four teaspoon
fuls of baking powder, half teaspoon
full of salt, half teaspoonful of baking
soda and half a teaSpoonful each OF
allspice and ginger Add the figs, beat
well, add three-fourths cupful Of bread
crumbs, mix, then pour into creased
muffin tins.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
DAILY DIET RECIPE

SAUERKRAUT SALAD.
Sauerkraut, one cup; grated raw
carrot, one-quarter cup; grated
onion, two tablespoons; chopped
green pepper, two tablespoons;
mineral oil mayonnaise, two ia
blespoons; salt, one-eighth tea
spoon; lettuce leaves, two.
SERVES TWO PORTIONS.
Mix vegetables together. Add
salt and n1ayonnaiSe. Chill and
serve on crisp lettuce.
DIET NOTE.
Recipe furnishes fiber, a great
deal of Tactic acid, lime, iron and
vitamins A, B and c. Useful in
laxative diet. Useful in reducing
diet. Can be eaten by children OF
10 years and over. Green pepper
could be omitted If it did not
agree. Can be eaten by adults of
average, over or under weight.
Dressing could be changed for
those Of average or under weight,
If desired, but mineral oil mayon-
naise is useful in laxative diet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21
MENU FOR A DAY.
BREAKFAST.
Cereal with Dates.
Plain Omelet.
Bacon Curls.
Graham Gems.
Coffee.
LUNCHEON.
Tripe Fried In Batter.
Boiled Spinach.
Crisp Rolls.
Cream Lemon Pie.
Tea.
DINNER.
Lamb Stew.
Boiled Potatoes.
Carrots and Peas.
WatercreSs Salad.
French Dressing.
Squash Pie.
Cheese.
Coffee.
GRAHAM GEMS.

Two cups of graham flour, one
cup of wheat -four, two tea
spoons of baking powder, one
tablespoon of sugar, pinch of
salt, one beaten egg. Mix with
sweet milk to make a thin bat
ter. Beat well. Bake in we'll
creased gem pans in a hot oven.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-21

Less than IS years ago aluminium
cost 500 pound in contrast to 20 cents
a pound today. Alumina, from which
aluminium is obtained, is the most
abundant base in nature.