Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-03

TT will be is years ago tomorrow since
Germany crossed the forbidden Dor
der Of Belgium on her way TO at
tack France, and Great Britain In
defense of scrap of paper" de-
clared war against the invader. The
world, which had paid little attention
TO the assassination of the Austrian
Archduke Francis Ferdinand on June
% in Sarajevo, Serbia, and which had
refused to believe that the mobilization
of Russia and the counter moves of Ger
man troops meant actual warfare, was
stunned by the sudden spectacle OF
Western Europe in Arms.
. Germany and Austria had declared
war on Serbia on July %. on Russia,
August / on France August 3, and on
Belgium, August 4. Within week Eu-
American tourists we're frantically try
ing to escape from cities in which trans
portation service had ceased to exist.
; The confiagration which started thus
suddenly lasted more than four years.
eventually involving 81 nations, in every
quarter of the globe. The central
powers put 100000 900 men under arms
and the allies 10000, 900. More than
5000 900 men died and more than d.
coo 900 were wounded, while the total
monetary cost of the war has been esti-
mated at $3.50, 1000 ,000, 600.
U. S. Enters Great War.
On April Is, 1917, the United States
entered the war and for the first time
IN her history sent soldiers to fight on
European soil The total armed forces
the loss of life in the Army was 49,
422
Today the world is still suffering from
the effects of that conflict, and there is
scarcely a nation but has undergone a
profound change in its political. eco
Ylornic and industrial life Most i'm
portant of all, the attention of states
men has been focused more than ever
before on the problems of international
future catastrophes OF military ma
ture.
1t is true that relations between GER
tain nations still remain bitter, and
some new enmities were aroused by the
terms of the peace. Europe is still nur-
turing armies, and many predict new
World War is brewing nevertheless,
more progress has been made in the
eleven and half years since the arm
istice of November IL, 1918, toward set
ting UP the machinery for peace than
In any other period of world history.
First of these efforts toward insuring
peaceful settlements of disputes was
the League of Nations. established at
Geneva by the treaty of Versailles. Its
first meeting was in September, 1920,
and in the 10 years since then SIS ma
tions have become members of its Gen.
eral Assembly. Only the United States
and the Soviet Russia. of the great
powers, remain outside its roll.
Two Naval Conferences.
Other steps toward the prevention
of war we're the Washington Conference
on the limitation of ornaments in
1920, by which 5-5-3 ratio of naval
ornaments was set up among the
United States. Great Britain and Japan,
and subsequent conferences in Geneva
IN 1927 and in London this year. The
last was preceded by a visit of the
British prime minister, j. Ramsay Mac
donald, to Washington, where he con-
ferred With President Hoover on the
aims Of the conference.
The pact of Locarno, signed by Ger
many and her former enemies in Eu-
rope. Great Britain, France; Belgium
in the Autumn of 1925. was a pledge
TO avoid wars. The pact of Paris, pro-
claimed in 1928, was the pledge of 81
world powers to renounce war as an
instrument of national policy. Mean