davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-10-24

"HE historical value of this era
of fashions is everywhere
evident. More and more de-
signers are inclined to succumb
to the influence of past periods
of feminine costuming, and al
though history is repeating itself
in the mode today there is no
doubt that a new chapter is being
added to style archives. Themes
tinctIy Grecian, Empire, Rem
sance, old-regime Russian and
mld-Victorian all receive modern
Interpretation that is superbly
satisfying.
Although this trend l. apparent even
IN our more tailored daytime garments
ii is marked particularly in the intimate
wardrobe where tea gowns and pajama
costumes are indeed regal affairs-and in
the evening mode. A recent innovation
which offers a vivid example of this
factor is the sheath-like silhouette which
IL making its appearance in formal eve
ming gowns. Revealing the shapely on
tours of the body, the sheath is decidedly
slenderizing and often reaches a point
below the knees where fulness is intro
duced in a wide flounce extending to
the floor. This silhouette tends to lend
height TO the stature and attains interest
on that score.
Pleats are used extensively and are an
excellent device for achieving the
gradually flared skirt that l. Of current
Importance. They appear in fan pleats,'
umbrella ~pleats," ''godet pleats," or
~''sunburst pleats" inserted in panels and
%flounces to graceful effect. Then there
X the "fluttery" silhouette which serves
10 introduce a quality of naivete to the
gown of rather sophisticated conception.
Here there may be "a tight bodice with
several tiny ruffles set on in the old
fashioned off-the-shoulder tanner and
u long skirt which gradually attains
width, completely covered with innumer-
able rows of tiny ruffles. Again wider
ruffles may be set on in spiral design
on the intrinsically slender foundation,
and perhaps a soft ruffle marking the
decolletage.
Particularly charming is the gown We
are showing here today which remarks
simple elegance in white satin and insets
embroidered in tiny pearls. And 10
show you one way in which pleats are
used effectively we have sketched this
model Of pale blue g%eorgette with the
Deplum and part of the skirt developed
completely of pleats-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-10-24

outstanding lines OF the Cossack hat
and others where the tiara or
coronet brims are simplified and
developed into models that r dis
tinctiy for the youthful face. But
the mafron Is not neglected. For
her there il the draped toque that IL
discovered to be quite flattering-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-10-24
History Repeats Itself in the Modern Mode

Pleats and Ruf1es Contribute to the
Interpretation of Past Periods of
Fashion Glory
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-10-24

N ARY'S eyes sparkled with ex-
WI citement and enthusiasm as
AA I whispered TO her that
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-10-24

vHE dominating planetary influ-
ence for this day accents the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16
White Fascist Terror in Real
Action in Finland

such a deadlock which the following facts
prove: Finland's main industry is lumber and
dairy products. They have lost this market
and have fallen down under the cost limit.
Railroads have not been able to meet the run
ming expenses.
Even since Finland became self governing
white government it has depended on imperial
istic foreign credit. Everything has been mort
gagged; cities, water power, forests and any.
thing they could find Of any value, and still
they wanted more credit but were unable to
find it.
Fascist Attacks
They attacked the workers in fascist form
by kidnapping the leading radical workers all
over the country and the white fascists went
even so far as to attack the radical parliament
members who were beaten nearly to death.
They attacked organized labor to prove to the
imperialist governments how well they act as
watch dogs on the boundary Of the U.S.SR.
and gain tn. credit which means their ex-
istance.
The Finnish Radical Organized Labor and
the Communists appeal to the workers Of the
world to use all means and ways to make the
Finnish white fascists government understand
that their attack on Finnish organized labor
is an attack on all the organized workers Of the
world.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16
The Growing Crisis of international Capitalism and the For
eign Political Position of the Soviet Union.

becoming considerably fainter. Ever louder
resound the pessimistic lamentations on the
errors, of capitalism. And the general
outcry on the inevitable decay of the Soviet
Union is being replaced by general" en-
ragged shrieking on the necessity of punish
ing ''this country" which dares to develop its
economics whilst all around crisis prevails.
This is what we see today.
Precisely what the Bosheviks foresaw two
to three years ago has come about
The Bolsheviks maintained that the devel-
opment of technics in the capitalist countries,
the growth of the forces of production and of
capitalist naturalization, under the conditions
given by the restricted STANDARD of living of
the million masses of workers and peasants,
was bound to lead to an economic crisis of
the utmost cruelty. The bourgeoisie press
found these Original prophecies" of the Boil
sheviks an excellent joke The Right drew
dividing line between themselves and the Boil
shevist prognosis and replaced Marxist analy-
sis by liberal chatter on organized capital
ISM" And what really happened? Just what
the Bolsheviks said would happen.
These are the facts.
Let US pass to an examination of the data
of the economic crisis in the capitalist coun-
tries.
]. The World Economic Crisis.
(a) When the crisis is examined, the fol-
lowing facts become at once conspicuous:
l. Today's economic crisis is a crisis of
over-producton. That is, more goods are
being produced than the market can absorb
more fabrics, fuel, factory articles, and food
are being produced than the main consumers,
that is, the masses of the people whose in
comes remain on low level, can buy for
cash. Since in a capitalist state the buying
powers of the masses of the people remain at
a minimum level, the capitalists store the
Surplus" goods, fabrics, grain, etc., in their
warehouses, or even destroy them, in order
to maintain prices; they limit production, dis
charge workers, and the masses of the peo-
pie are forced to live in want and misery be-
cause too many goods are produced,
2. The present crisis is the first world
economic crisis since the war. 1t is a world
crisis not only in the sense that it affects all,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16
The Political Report Of the Central Committee the XVI Party Congress
of the Communist ary Of the Soviet Union

was Immediately followed by industrial crises
in Canada and Japan. Next came the bank
ruptcies and crisis in China and the colonial
countries, where the crisis has been aggra-
waited by the fall in the price of silver, and
the crisis of over-production is closely inter
woven with the ruin of peasant farming
brought about by the utter exhaustion re-
sutant on feudal exploitation and unbearable
taxation. With regard to Western Europe, the
crisis did not make itself felt till the begin
ming of this year, and then not with equal
intensity everywhere. France has even con-
tinued, during this period, to increase it's in
dustrial production.
/ believe that it is needless to enter into
the statistics demonstrating the existence of
the crisis. No-one disputes today that there
is crisis. Therefore l confine myself to the
mention of small but characteristic table
Gently published by the German institute for
the Investigation of Economic Tendencies"
This table shows the development of. mining
and of the main branches of the great manu-
featuring industries, in the U. S. A., Great
Britain, Germany, France, Poland, and the
Soviet Union, beginning with 1927, the pro-
ducton level of 1928 being taken at 100.
This is the table:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16

The table further shows that Great Britai
has made no progress whatever for tire
years, does not rise beyond the level Of 1927
and is suffering from severe economic stag
nation, eliminating in decline of productio
by 0.5 per cent in the first quarter of 1893
as compared with the previous year, there
with entering the initial phase of the crisis.
Thirdly, it permits US to recognize that /
is solely in France. of the great capitals
countries, that certain growth of heavy in
dustry may be recorded the level of produc
ton in the first quarter of 1880 being about
double that of 1927, whereby the percentage
of increase has risen from It's per cent il
1928 to 23.5 per cent in 1929 and to 80 pei
cent in the first quarter of 1880, thus show.
ing curve of growth rising from year tc
year. t.
1t may be said that if this is the status to.
wards the end of the first quarter of this
year, it is not impossible that matters may
change for the better in the second quarter.
But the data for the second quarter definite
ly confute any such assumption. On the con.
trary, they go to show that conditions will
worsen in the second quarter. From these
data we see the renewed fall Of prices at the
New York Exchange, fresh wave of in
sovences in the U. S. A., continued falling
off of production, a reduction of the workers
the u. S. A., Germany Great Britain, Italy,
Japan, South America, Poland, Czechoslovakia,
etc.. and we see the beginning Of stagnation
in number of branches of French indus
try-a sign of impending crisis in the pres
ent international economic situation. Today
there more than six million unemployed
in the U. S. A, in Germany about five mil
lions, in Great Britain over two millions, in
Italy, South America, and Japan each one
million. and in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and
Austria each 100000 I need not emphasize
the acute aggravation of the agrarian crisis,
plunging millions of farmers and working
peasants into poverty. The crisis of over
production in agriculture has reached such
point that in Brazil two million sacks of cof-
fee have been thrown into the sea in order
to maintain high prices, and to ensure the
profits of the bourgeoisie. In America maize
is being used as fuel instead Of coal. in Ger
many millions of pools of rye, are being fed
TO pigs; and in the matter Of cotton and
wheat, all measures are being taken to re-
duce the area cultivated by 10 to is per cent.
(To Be Continued.)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16
By MARTIN HENDRICKsoN.

TOURING through Europe and the U.S.S.R,
passed through the Finnish boundry to
get to England. arrived in Helsingfors June
Is, and tried to get Is days Visas to stay in
Finland, but they refused and had only 8
days Visas, and had to leave on the first ship
from Helsingfors.
On the 14th of June visited the workers
newspaper office (Tiedon Antaja) when gov
eminent officials came to give notice that all
Communist sympathizers of the dailies, week
lies and monthlies were prohibited from being
printed, and meetings were prohibited. The
police force came to see that this order would
be Immediately carried out.
In 1910, when was delegate during the
socialist convention in Copenhagen, also trav-
eled in Finland. Finland at the time belonged
to the former Czarist government. was given
an unlimited time to stay in this country to
hold meetings and speeches. Now the white
republic government which advocates" free
speech and free press refused to extend the
Is day visas to visit friends whom know in
Finland because they knew I was from the
U.S.S.R.
Economic Deadlock
Even in this short time learned that the
economic condition in Finland has grown into
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16
Workers Turn to Communist Party.

Workers Turn to Communist Party.
The workers began to look for leadership in
putting up counter-offensive against the
bosses attack upon their already miserable
enough living conditions. The A. F. of L.
takers having discredted themselves in these
factories already long before, the workers turn
ed their faces towards the T.U.U.L. and the
C.P., and so did the bosses. The T.U.U.L.
and C.P., in spite of having small resources
to work with, or rather no resources, never
theless threw itself even more eagerly into
the fight to expose the bosses schemes. We
we're gaining in membership in the revolu-
tionary organizations, and almost every worker
knew that there is C.P. and T.U.U.L in
Chester which is fighting in his interests. On
March 6, we held successful demonstration
against MISREPRESENTATION workers being
present at the street meeting, and about 600
parading down TO the City Hall. A fierce
police terror was put into effect. One meeting
after another was broken up. Workers were
arrested for distributing leaflets, selling the
Daily Worker at shop gates, etc. In many in
stances, they were beaten up and dubbed by
the cops and detectives; and then, on top Of
that, heavily fined by Judge Tom Barry and
the other politicians of Delaware County.
Bosses Deliver Verdict.
The Chamber of Commerce Of Chester at
special meeting at which Secretary of Labor
Davis delivered TRADE against the C.P., and
which was composed of the managers of the
large factories, resolved Ito wipe the Commu-
nists out of Chester" at about the same time
we were arrested and charged with ''sedition."
At the trial, Judge McDade, who was then
running for higher office and was anxious
to make good showing before the bosses,
among other similar things, said: "There were
100000 unemployed and they might listen
to the agitators." When he questioned us,
he threatened to give US the limit--20 years
in Jail for distributing leaflet The LID.
was on the job, and defending against the
bosses as much as it is possible for the workers
to fight the bosses in their courts, under their
laws, and with their Interpretations of these
laws.
Workers Must Fight On.
This, believe, is clear case, bringing out
conditions Of the Masses the leftward swing
Of the working class as the counter-offensive
against the bosses, the attempts to check the
revolutionization of the American working
class by discardng the mask Of democracy with
its jailings, lynchings, deportations, electro.
cutions But these attacks, these jailings, will
not weaken the working class and its van
guard, the CP. The revolutionary movement
in the U. S. will continue to grow more and
more rapidly. The bosses feel their power
slipping. The workers will help them realize
this feeling ia the very near future. / am
proud to be a political prisoner, and hope to
get out some day and do my part in the build.
ing of the T.U.U.L. and sC.P. in the us.
again. With greetings to the Daily Worker.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16
Sparks Tells of Marine Workers

WHEN the SIS. Fairfax and the gasoline
" tanker Pnthis collided in Massachusetts
Bay, 46 marine workers and passengers lost
their lives. What was back of the criminal
negligence in this disaster? What was back
of the Vestris tragedy when the sos signal
was delayed for "a hours after the ship was
in a sinking condition?
There has not been major disaster at sea
in the last so years that was not due to the
rapacity and greed of the ship-owners" This
statement of marine authorities, shocked into
confession of the truth by the Vestris disaster,
is quoted by N. Sparks, former editor of the
Marine Workers Voice, in The Struggle of the
Marine Workers pamphlet prepared under
the direction of Labor Research Assn. and
published by International Pamphlets. He
backs up the quotation with facts and Incl
dents which prove it's truth.
Sparks. himself seaman. knows the marine
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16
Notices of Control Commission

THE Control Control Commission Of the Com
munist Party has recently dealt with sew
eral cases of weak demoralized elements who
have deserted the growing struggles of the
workers under the cloak of their going over
into the camp of the renegades, the Lovestone-
ties or the Trotskyites.
AS such, the Central Control Commission
has expelled from the Party approved the
expulsion from the Young Communist League
of the following:
Hugo Oehler; former functionary of the
Party, who, under various pretenses deserted
the difficult struggles in the South in the
face of the brutal attacks of the bosses and
their government, and then tried to cover up
his decentralization and cowardice by an af-
filiation with the Trotskyites.
Raymond Spector; of Sec s, Dist. New
York;, who after record of negligence, pas
sivity and cowardice Con Palestine events,
March 9Th, May LIST. etc., was removed from
all offices in the Party some time ago. then
showed leanings toward the Lovestoneites, but
finally became an agent and nformer for the
Trotskyites.
M. Maurcel and H. Milton; Of the Young
Communist League, who under the pressure
of increased demands for activities failed to
attend regularly their unit meetings, or to pay
dues, and who, instead, began to fraternize
with renegade Lovestonetes and Trotskyites,
attending their meetings and giving them in
formation about inner-League matters.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16

AS a consequence we see the introduction of
the speed-up system being rushed in England
and at the same time the American manufac-
turers trying to introduce the automatic loom
into the wooden industry of this country. The
struggle of the English worker is the first
round of the fight against the increasing of the
speed-up with its resulting intensification of
the already enormous unemployment situation
in the textile industry.
The struggle of the English workers under
the leadership of the Red International # La
Dor Unions against the bosses and their reac-
tionary leaders, must remind the workers of
Lawrence, Passac and Rhode Island of their
struggles of the same nature in the past,
struggles conducted in this country without
the aid of international organization to guide
them in their struggles.
During the Lawrence strike, during the Pas
sale strike, New Bedford and Gastona strug-
giles, the English workers rallied to our sup
port both morally and financially. The Eng
lsh workers realized that we were fighting the
same international system of speed.up and
wage-cuts that the bosses call naturalization.
If the bosses in England can put over the
wage-cut and speed-up, the American bosses
will use that as further excuse to launch an
attack against our conditions here.
Already districts are beginning to respond
W tHe appear Ol Lne OTkeTS 1nteTUdClOndI.
First in the fight against the American bosses,
and first in the struggle for the international
working class, the Gastonia District has ar
ranged huge picnic, to take place in Mount
Holly, for the benefit of the English workers
for organization in the South.
Every district must now begin to put in eff
feet the plan of the national executive of the
Trade Union Unity League.
Rally to the support of the English strikers!
Correct our past shortcomings in the build
ing up of international solidarity among the
textile workers.!
Follow the example of the Gastonia District
of the union!
Make our fight against the speed-up and
wage-cuts fight in deeds as well as in words!
Support the English strikers by turning out
en- masse for demonstrations and meetings on
Solidarity Day, July 10.
Support the strike by giving all you can!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16

workers life at first hand and has written
an inside story of the shipping industry. Sea-
men and longshoremen speak for themselves
in this narrative and their tale is as lively as
a novel;
With their story are brought together the
main facts on the rebirth of the shipping in
dustry, profits of the larger companies, wages,
hours, safety at sea, the conditions of long
shoremen and harbor workers, and the long
struggle for organization The author end
with the spirited story of marine workers in
the Soviet Union, recently organized and affili-
ated with the Trade Union Unity League
This pamphlet is one of series published
by International Pamphlets 799 Broadway,
New York City. Four others are now ready
on Work or Wages the Challenge of In
employment, Chemical Warfare; Poison Gas
in the Coming War; Modern Farming: Soviet
Style, and War in the Far East: a Threat To
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16

COMRADES, two and a half years have
v passed since the XIV Party Congress. APP
parently no very long period. But during this
time a very serious change has taken place
in the life of the peoples and states. If we
characterize this period just elapsed in two
words, we may designate it as a period Of
Transformation. The transformation has been
not only for US, the Soviet Union, but for the
capitalist countries of the whole earth. But
there is a fundamental difference between
these two transformations. Whilst in the
Soviet Union the Transformation is trans
formation in the direction of an even greater
economic uplift, in the capitalist countries the
change is in the direction of economic decay.
In our country, in the Soviet Union, the in
creasing uplift of socialist construction in in
dustry and agriculture. On the other side,
among the capitalists, the growing crisis in
economic life, in industry and agriculture.
This is, in few words, the situation today.
Remember the state of affairs in the capt.
talist countries two and half years ago:
Growth of industrial production and trade in
almost all capitalist countries growth of the
production of raw materials and food stuffs
in almost all agrarian countries. Over the
u. S. A. hung the aureola of capitalism in
full bloom Victorious hymns of prosper
ity." Genuflexions to the dollar. Songs in
praise of the latest technics, and in honor of
capitalist naturalization. Proclamation of the
era of the recovery" of capitalism and the
unshakeable firmness of the capitalist stabil-
ization. General shrieks and outcries about
the Inevitable decay" of the Soviet country,
the 'irrevocable collapse of the Soviet Union"
This was the state of affairs yesterday.
And how are things today?
Today: an economic crisis in almost every
industrial country of capitalism; today, an
agrarian crisis in almost every agrarian coun-
try. In place of "prosperity"-mass misery
and a frightful increase of unemployment.
In place of an uplift in agriculture--the i'm
poverishment of the million masses of the
peasantry. The illusions of the impotence of
capitalism in general, and of North American
capitalism in particular, are crumbling to
pieces. The hymns of victory in honor of
the dollar and capitalist naturalization are
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-16

times and in varying degrees. The industrial
crisis commenced in Poland, Roumania, the
Balkans. Here it developed during the course
of the past year. BY the end of 1928 distinct
signs of the beginning agrarian crisis were
observable in Canada, in the U. S. A., in the
Argentine Republic, in Brazil, in Australia.
During the whole Of this period the industry
of the U. S. A. has been declining. Towards
the middle of 1929 industrial production in
the U. S. A. reached almost record height
1t was not until the second half of 1929 that
the change began to be felt, developing rapid
ly into the acute crisis of industry, throwing
the U. S. A. back of the level of 1927. This