davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
Educators Seek Revival
Of Chinese Folklore

A revival of ancient Chinese games
and folklore, especially those suitable
for children, is being considered by the
social education department of the
ministry of education. It is hoped that
their revival will tend to stop the dis
appearance of one phase of Chinese
culture. China, unlike most nations,
has nothing that can really be called
a national sport. Japan, in much the
same circumstances, adopted base ball;
but base ball In this country has never
caught on to any great extent. Mis-
sion schools and Y. M. G. AS, however,
have done much to teach forms of
sport to elementary and middle school
students, with the result that basket
ball, tennis and foot ball are beginning
to prove fairly popular but only among
an extremely small percentage Of the
nations many millions Of youths. AS
far as the revival of folklore is con-
cerned, it is expected that the ministry
of education will encounter difficulties.
China is rich in folklore, but while
with one hand the government is try
ing to encourage its revival, with the
other hand the government has launch
ed q bitter campaign against super
stition. Much of China'S ancient folk
lore deals with supernatural beings, and
with historical and mythical characters
endowed with supernatural powers.
What is needed, according to educa-
tional leaders, Is the development Of
critical faculty among students and
the populace which will enable them
to associate themselves entirely from
the million and one popular myths
which form the basis Of their mental
texture, If not Of their religious beliefs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

would be IDLE TO deny That the I'M
pending breakup of the flve-power
conference, owing to the chickering's
i of France and Italy, will leave be-
hind it a situation dangerous to the
peace of Europe and of the world. An
explosion is probably not imminent.
But the ingredients for one have now
been created.
European statesmen in the immediate
future will have to take seriously into
consideration the possibility that the
French and the Italians, having been
unable to bury their naval differences
at London. will some day resort to other
means to compose them. International
conferences always run the risk of end
ing in worse conditions than existed
before they took place.
If Americans will recall the period Of
tense relations between Great Britain
and the United States which resulted
from the unsuccessful Geneva Naval
Conference of 1927 they will have some
idea of the Franco-Italian London
aftermath. 1t will be far graver after
math, because the relations between
France and Italy are immeasurably
more strained than Anglo-American re-
lations were, either before or after
Geneva.
French Are Fearful.
Little was permitted to seep out Of
London during the dreary weeks Of con-
ference proceedings about the real rea-
sons why France and Italy glare at
each other. The reasons were known
to all, because they are underlying fac
tors In Dresent-day European politics.
Naturally they did not openly crop out
in public discussions OF the respective
naval requirement." of the two coun-
tries. But all initiated authorities un-
derstood that in demanding big tonnage
figures, the French had mainly Italy
in mind. Frances refusal to concede
parity to italy was based on the undts-
guised fear, on the part of the French,
that they will some day be at war with
Mussolini's realm. According to French
men, the italian preSs-under official
Fascist inspiration-more or less I'M
blushingly is educating the Italian peo-
ole to believe that a clash with France
is one of the inevitable" things Of the
future.
The French, moreover, are not think
ing of a possible war with italy as
single foe They labor under the con-
slant apprehension that, should war
come, France might find herself fight
ing not only the Italians, but the Ger
mans and the Russians as well. Fan
tastic as such things seem and sound
to American ears, such thoughts are
running through French heads. They
are put forward with good deal OF
plausibility and with that clarity of rea-
soning for which the French mind Is
famed.
Cause Of Indifferences.
When you press Frenchman, as this
writer did at London more than once
to explain Just why it is that the Ital-
ians are earmarked as future enemy,
the usual rejoinder Is that the two ma
tions have irreconcilable differences tr
Northern Africa. Italy's Colonial do
main of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica lies
along the north coast Of Africa between
Tunis and Egypt. At Rome ''Libia
Italiana' is looked upon as the kernel
of q great italian African empire. It
could only expand at the expense Of
France, as Frenchmen view 1t, and they
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

at-homes out Of the 400,000-odd 1tal-
lians who annually went to America.
The Italians are not by any means
without their list of complaints against
France. They contend that the French
are animated merely by fears. Italy
claims to have real grievances against
France. It is declared. for example,
that the thousands Of Italian subjects
resident in French Colonial Africa are
frequently the objects OF dlscrimlna-
ton and mistreatment. Probably Mus
Solinis all-overshadowing grievance IS
the alleged harboring of anti-Fasc1st
plotters on French soil. Black-shirt
headquarters in Rome is convinced
that the Duce'S foes are given every
announcement to use the asylum they
enjoy on French territory for the pur-
pose of undermining the Fascist regime.
Italy Refuses to Back Down.
For all these reasons italy has re-
fused at London to back down from her
demand for ship-for- ship parity with
France. The italian delegation did not
admit officially, but let 1t be under
stood privately. that Mussol1ni does not
plan at this time to build navy equal
to that of France. But Stgnor Grand,
his SpokeSman-in-chief at the con-
UlduS IIO OOLASo oSO0o ONJ AAS
that italy meant to leave London, I'M
der any and all conditions, with the
right to build fleet as strong as the
French fleet any time the Italians de-
sire to do so. That right the French
stubbornly refuse to yield. They argue
bitterly that while they, as the second
most important colonial empire, actual
ly need a big navy, the Italians want
one Cor the privilege OF having one)
purely and simply as matter OF
prestige" =,
M. Tardieu. in conversation with this
correspondent during the early stages
that parity with Italy at sea might
some day find the French navy scat
tered all over the world, in protection
of French territory and interests, while
the Italian navy could be concentrated
in the Mediterranean and Adriatic.
France, Tardieu insisted, does not pro-
pose to be caught in an emergency with
naval strength in Europe inferior to that
which the Italians might be able to
bring into action against 1t.
Spirit Of Deliberations.
This was the spirit, these the theses,
amid which Franco-Italian delibera-
lions at London were carried on. They
become practically impossible, and why
Great Britain, Japan and the United
States-representing among them go
per cent of the naval strength OF the
World-will presently come together In
a three-power treaty of limitation. In
certain eventualities this tripartite pact
for curtailment Of naval ornaments
might be invoked by the English-speak-
ing sea powers and their Far Eastern
co-signatory for purposes which do not
directly concern the number Of tons or
size of guns in their respective navies.
Another contingency, which the
American delegation at London has
always borne In mind, is that Italy
might join a horsepower Anglo Ameri-
can-Japanese treaty. BY doing so,
Mussolini would not gain his objective
of naval parity with the French. But
he would have delivered them blow
probably far more deadly in their eyes,
namely, the isolation Of France.
CCopyTights- 1e309
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
BY ARTHUR CHAPMAN.

TINE covered wagon, dear to the
close association with the death
achievement and the heart
breaking tragedy of the frontier West,
has reached its proud centenary.
On Thursday it will have been exact
ly 100 years since the first white
topped wagons started from st. Louis
for the Northwest And on that date
the Nation, by virtue of presidential
proclamation, will begin a celebration
that will last through the rest of the
year. During the intervening months,
other dates, concentrating historic
events along the oregon Trail, Will be
observed.
The object Of this unusual series Of
commemorative events is, according to
President Hoover's proclamation, Ito re-
call the national significance OF this
centenary of the great westward tide
which established American civilization
across a continent" PageantS will be
held; covered wagon pilgrimages" will
be made to independence Rock and
other historic spots, and suitable mark
ers will be erected at places Of special
significance along the trail.
April 10 has been chosen as the be-
ginning of this Nationwide recogni-
ton of pioneer achievement, because
on that date 100 years ago a party of
trappers started from ST.. Louis to
prove that wagons could be taken to
the Rocky Mountains and beyond.
The iron-shod wheels of this expedi-
ton marked roadway which soon was
to throb with an access of life so sud-
den and so overwhelming as to leave
historians bewildered. Along these first
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
Women Who Trace Lineage Z Centuries
To Hold Annual Meeting in Washington

Georges Chapel at Windsor Castle, the
only chapel built for and still remaining
the home of an order of chivalry, the
Noble Order of the Garter. The appeal
for this endowment fund was made in
1929 by the Duke of Somerset to Amer
lean descendants of knights of the
Garter.
The society has to date only about
225 members, but they represent all Of
the Is sureties to whom lines have been
traced. Among the members are many
nationally prominent women. including
Mrs. Lowell F. Hobart, president gen.
eral of the Daughters of the American
Revolution, and Mrs. Alfred j. Bros
seau, former president general. Among
the Washington members are Mrs.
Stephen B. Elkins, Miss Ella Lorraine
Dorsey, Mrs William Kearney Kari,
Mrs. Elinor Washington Howard, Mrs.
Eli A. Helmick, Mrs. Brewster Warwick,
Mrs. James H. Stansfleld and Mrs.
Joseph E. Thropp.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
Scenes of Ancient "Dionysian" Revelries,
Classic Pleasure Haunts, Are Unearthed

ROME.-The Villa of "Dionysian
Mysteries" at Pompeii, unearthed after
it had been buried nearly 1000 years,
promises to bring to light some curious
remains and perhaps evidences of what
were the extravagances for which
Pompeii was famous among the an
clients.
It was some 20 years ago that arche-
illogical search was made outside the
known precincts of Pompeii and then
on the road leading to ancient Hercu-
1aneum, among the lava and under
high mounds of earth, the walls of a
classic villa were discovered which
turned out to have been evidently a
classic haunt of pleasure, with all the
signs of Bacchanalian or Dionysian
paintings still on the walls. It soon
came to be known as the largest and
perhaps the only villa that has sur
Vived Of the ancient Mysteries of
Dionysus.''
The war interrupted the search,
which was resumed actively only two
years ago when the State Bank of
Naples offered unlimited funds for the
purpose, and attention has now been
called to the villa of Mysteries" by
the discovery of beautiful statue of
classic workmanship of female figure
which it is believed may have been the
statue Of an empress, or, at least, OF a
Roman lady of great distinction.
The Dionysian mysteries were feSti-
walls of merriment among the ancient
Greeks and were introduced by them
into Sicily and Southern Italy, where,
among the Romans they came to be
called the Bacchanalian festivals or
orgies. They degenerated into such
practices of hcentious extravaganza as
to make one believe almost that the
ancientS had their Moulin Rouge" and
Moulin de la GAZETTE" thousands of
years before Montmartre.
The first Bacchanalian evidences dis
covered in the villa of Mysteries" at
Pompeii was the so-called series Of
Dionysian "Megalographia," which con-
sisted In a number of artistic paintings
on the walls IN which the beautiful
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

faint traces in the prairie sod, over
which Indian horsemen lowered in
wonderment, there came a crusading
host which was to mark new boundaries
between nations and to make lasting
changes In world, social and economic
conditions.
Throng Of Half Million Immigrants.
Men, women and children to the num-
Der of half million comprised this cru
SADIE Of emigrants from the time the
great trail was opened until a golden
spike had completed its railway COM
petitor. There was no bar of age or sex
Women faced privations and shared the
common fear of savages. Families
reared in the best of homes took a
sudden plunge into the primitive life
and were the better for it. 1t was
How well can you sight a rife and
swing an ax?" with other questions rele-
gated to minor Importance
The great trail offered the strangest
of honeymoon trips for thousands of
the newly married. 1t was a strange
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

like sails amid the sagebrush and
flashed an answering challenge to the
snowy peaks of the Rockies. Instead
OF these implements of conquest and
adventure, the wagons of the emigrants
contained plows that had turned the
rich black soil of the Middle West,
scythes that had bitten through the
lush grasses of Northern and Southern
States, furniture that had graced old
homesteads of Pennsylvania and Mary.
land, and clocks that had been the
pride of New England families.
Kitchenware that had glowed on
many a New York farm was soon
smudged and battered at the campfire;
feather beds that had been heirloous
were cast out at the trailside; bureaus
and cupboards that had been fashioned
by master craftsmen were sent to join
the wTeckage. But the great majority
in this crusading army kept on its
way, with its family Bibles, its doctor
books" its pieced quilts, its blue china
and other symbols of faith and pride
which often kept it from acknowledge
ing defeat.
What about the men whose initial
trip along this highway will be cele-
brated this week throughout the. Ma
ton? They were trappers and eX-
plorers-strong, self-reliant men who
had seen the possibilities of the wilder
ness. Wagons had been used on the
Santa Fe Trail at least two years be-
fore, but it remained for Jedediah S.
Smith, David E. Jackson and William
L. Sublette TO advance the theory that
it would be practical to use this means
of transportation in penetrating the
trackless regions of the Northwest.
There were plenty to cast doubt on
CONTINUED on Fourth Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

PARIS.-A notable ceremony at the
Church of St.-Louis des Invalides re-
Gently strikingly disproved the notion
that very few generals are killed in bat
tie or die of wounds received in action
It was the dedication Of monument to
the French general officers who fell on
the battlefield during the years 1914-1s,
and of an obeliSk containing little
sachets of soil from the various battle
fields. Both Of these were the work OF
the sculptor, CASTOR Deblaize.
France lost nearly 100000 Of her
sons In the World War. OF these &c.
900 were officers, SO Of them generals.
Since there were less than 200 generals
of brigade and 100 generals of division
at the front, this loss of SO is significant
of the part taken by the general officers
in the front-line fighting.
The plaque in the chapel of the In
valides contains the names Of Al gen.
erals killed under fire. It recalls the
anonymity with which the French gov.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
BY FLORENCE SEVILLE BERGMAN.

Washington is to be host in the next
few weeks to several thousand women
from all States in the Union, who are to
attend the annual conventions of vari-
Gus organizations in which membership
is based upon proved ancestry. which
make the National Capital their head
quarters. Least well known of these or
ganizations as yet, but the one in which
lineage must be traced farthest back
(more than seven centuries) Is the
National Society, Daughters OF the
Barons of Runnemede.
The Magma Carta'S tremendous his
tory has become familiar to every high
school student and every American tour
list in England probably takes the bus
trip from London, which includes (along
with Windsor Castle and the church.
yard where Gray wrote his "Elegy'O
view of the meadow of Runnemede.
Following the tooth anniversary of
the Magma Carta in 1915, which was
widely observed and noticed in the
press, Mrs. Robert g. Hogan of Cations
vile, Md, conceived the idea of an
ancestral order for women, similar to
that for men in this country. She re-
ceived much encouragement and help
from the late Charles H. Browning,
who founded some years ago the mems
organization, the Baronial Order of
Runnemede project, however, was side
tracked by our entry into the World
War.
She had confided her plans to several
friends, however, among them a num-
Der of Washington women. In April,
1921, when they were all in attend
ance at the D. A. r. Congress Mrs.
Hogan called a meeting at Memorial
Continental Hall, inviting other men,
bers of the Daughters Of the American
Revolution, whom she knew to be de-
Scended from the baronS. The National
Society, Daughters of the Barons Of
ing, and papers Of Incorporation were
Der, 1921. Mrs. Hogan was chosen
president (Which Office she still holds),
and appointed as first vice president the
late Mrs. George T. Smallwood, Mrs.
Robert J. Johnston of Iowa as treas
urer, Mrs. William H. Talbot of Mary
land, secretary; the late Miss Grace
Pierce of Washington, historian, and
Miss Mary billiard Hinton of Raleigh,
N. c., registrar. Mrs. Howard L. Hodg-
kins of Washington was later elected
corresponding secretary. The present
historian is Mrs. Henry L. Cook, founder
and president Of the Order of First
Families of Virginia, 1607-1620. The
majority of these women still hold
offices and will be present at the forth
coming ninth annual meeting.
1t has shown practical interest in
movements for the preservation Of his
toric monuments and various educa-
tional projects.
Lately $1,700 was given to the fund
being raised to endow the beautiful st.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

nymphs-Philia, Coronis, Cleis. Dirce
and others are supposed to have figured,
as only some of the heads and parts of
the naked limbs, arms and legs re-.
manned, interesting enough, however, to
give a very good idea of what the
ancient "Pompeians" considered q "Vilia
of Pleasure"
the excavations continued, and a
new impulse was given to the work two
years ago. It was rewarded when. a
Few weeks ago, while Prof. Maiuri him
self was on the spot directing the work
OF excavation around a peristyle, a
beautifully preserved head and shout
der OF a female figure in marble were
Iound. They were like a Sleeping
lying there for 1900 years and more.
without scratch or mark of deteriora.
ton.
The statue was first measured and
examined by Prof. Maiuri, director of
the Museum Of Naples, who, as he
afterward said experienced one of the
greatest emotions of his life as a scholar
and student. To find himself in the
presence OF such beautiful work of
Greco Roman art was enough to reward
whole lifetime of labor. The statue
Is little more than life size, at least
according to the standard of our days.
The features are distinctly those of a
Roman lady, beautifully cut and with
the lips, mouth, nose and eyes finely
chiseled, showing it must have been the
work OF one Of the first artists Of the
day and Of a distinctly Greco-R Roman
type and style.
No inscription Of any kind was found
with 1t by which it might have been
identified, and another peculiar circum-
stance is that the statue is as If it had
come fresh from the artists hand and
has been delivered now only after 300
years. which, In itself, is a unique
record
The excavations are being continued
round the villa and other interesting
discoveries are expected.
(coryright, 1854
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
HALF MILLION MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDREN MADE WEST
WARD TREK. Painting Hutchins

school and stranger playground for
children of all ages. Along its sage
brush reaches babies were born-some
to die and be left behind, but more to
live and be proud of their birthplace.
And, beside the trail. new graves were
constantly opening to receive their dead
thousands of little mounds that soon
merged with the Incorporating fat
ness of the prairie.
There never has been crusade with
out some single spirit animating it
and in this case it was the spirit Of
home making. new lands, new skies,
new places where the individual might
expand into the greatest freedom.
Highway for Goldseeker.
When the goldseeker and adventurer
came along, later on, he found broad
highway made for him by the men
whose humble dreams we're Of cabins
and cultivated fields and still waters.
The miners picks and gold pans were
not to be found beneath the first OF
those billowing white-tops that cleaned
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
France Lists 90 Generals Among
$4,000 Officers Killed in War

eminent long conducted military oper-
atoms that most of these names are lit
tie known outside Of France. Some Of
them-the more famous-were Dive,
killed on August %, 1914, at the head
of the $50 Brigade; Dupuis, killed by a
shell; Roqies, shot through the head;
Largeau, the hero of Ouadai Krien,
killed at the Marine while leading his
troops in an attack; Loyzeau de Grand
Blessier, previously wounded in Cochin
China and in Cambodia: Serret, who
fell at Hartmanvillerskopf, and who had
been previously military attache In Ber-
lin; Girodon, previously wounded In
Morocco and at the Dardanelles; Riber.
pray and Grosetti, the heroes of Dix
nude.
The Bishop of Verdun was chosen to
preside at the ceremonies and the mass
was said by the Able de l'Epinoy,
formerly an artillery colonel. Among
those In attendance at this unusual
dedication were Marshals Petain, Fran.
Chef dEsperey and Lyautey.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

do not relish the prospect of having to
defend TuniS, AlgierS and Morocco some
day against italian attack. France is
aware of Italy's vast and growing over
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

population problem. Mussolini has al
ways held the United States partially
responsible for that problem, because
our 1924 immigration law made stay
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

OF these 10 States 9 are In the Solid
South and are ss sure to elect Demo-
crat as the sun is to shine-they have
never done anything else since the Civil
War, except occasionally under all
normal carpet-bagger conditions. A
tenth, Tennessee, has been Democratic
CONTINUED on Fourth Page.)