Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-08-10
FIFTH SEMINAR
SESSION CLOSES
Wide Range Of Problems
Discussed to Aid
Mexican Progress

pAOAAlS4AAOif WIG 0
sue, the vexing immigration prob
lem on both sides Of the Rio
Grande, the art and culture OF
Mexico, the international debt is
sue, and Americas Monroe Doctrine
were among the problems that were
studied and discussed by the tlitn
Seminar In Mexico. which has Just
closed here after a three weeks seS-
sion.
The function Of the seminar Is to
spread good will and friendship be-
tween the United States and Mexi-
%. II is sponsored annually by n
Committee on Cultural Relations
With Latin America, which has It's
yeat in New York City, and Of which
Or. Hubert Herring of New York
City is the executive director.
approximately IT'S Americans
from thirty-five states Of the Union
who came to Mexico for the semi
mar, not only took part in the ses-
sions that were held. but took &C
casion to do much sight seeing both
In the capital and in the picturesque
rural regions. The party was feted
by President Pascual Ortiz Rubio OF
Mexico. and also by Ambassador
Dwight w. Morrow Of the United
States. who recently arrived IN
Mexico TO wind uD his work here
The Ministry Of Public Education
also entertained the Americans on
a field trip.
Farm Problem Studied
Mexico's agrarian program, which
consists of expropriating the lands
Of the big landowners and giving
them to the struggling poems, was
discussed by Soto y Cana. a leader
of the agrarian party here, and by
Carleton BealS, a well known
American writer on economic and
political problems in Mexico, and
a novelist of repute, resident in
Mexico.
Soto = Cana described in an AMI
mated Grafton the merits Of the
plan Of land distribution, while
Beals asserted that "Ihe agrarian
movement is a colossal failure.
Seven million people have been
thrown into an economic situation
fo- which they were not given suf-
ficient land to work. or sufficient
knowledge or tools with which to
work It,"
Education in Mexico was discuss
ed in a complete and comprehen-
sive address by Professor Rafael
Ramirez, head of the department Of
rural education Of the Ministry Of
Public Education. The Mexican
Revolution" said Professor Rami-
rez. has clearly entered upon a
constructive period. Before long
even the most tumultous sessions
will have been entirely Gained. We
will have complete peace in the
country; men of undertaking, both
citizens Of the country and foreign
ers. assured Of finding sufficient
guarantees for making investments,
will begin TO push the country along
the way Of positive and ample econ
omic life. We need TO prepare the
new generations for this new era,
which we believe is drawing near"
Professor Ramirez Mexico's efforts
in the way OF rural education, town
and city primary education, train
ing Of teachers, secondary educa-
ton. vocational education. and 9TH
er complementary services.
Liquor Scored
DR.. Ramirez also discussed the
anti-alcoholic campaign being wag-
ed in Mexico. He sketched the dis
couraging panorama" among the
rural sections, where pulque, the
native beverage, has made vast in
roads into the material prosperity
and physical well-being Of the in
habitants. The idea of temperance
education is taking hold, however,
he said. and is gaining strength.
On the same day that the head
OF MeXico's rural education program
discussed temperance, Jose AlmaraZ,
chairman Of the expert committee
that has replaced the popular jury
In trials. discussed the new Mexi-
can penal code. He characterized
the code as one Of the most advance
ed in the world. and cited that since
10 became effective. January /, 1880,
1t has disposed OF about 200 cases.
Salvador Urbina. justice Of the
Mexican Supreme Court, in ad-
dressing the members Of the semi
mar on Foreign Relations" said he
considered the immigration and tar
If questions the two principal issues
in which the United States and
Mexico hold divergent views. The
tariff issue is the less import or the
two, he added. because ii affects
only a small portion Of Mexican pro-
ducts. and because Mexico herself
has high tariffs to protect her bud
ding industries.
Because the United States agreed
fR the GnnnnA TInrsrn CA-
decision not to resort to armed
forces to collect contracted debts.
the financial relations between
Mexico and foreign money lenders
should never lead TO interference.
was one OF the convictions expressed
by Justice Urbina.
Monroe Doctrine
Judge Urbina. referring 10 the
Monroe Doctrine. which Mexico
has never recognized as a great
bone OF contention between the two
countries. characterized il as being
without foundation in internation-
al law.
Discussing the immigration prob
lem DR.. Manuel Gamio, leading
Mexican scientist. and an authority
On Mexican-U United States migra-
tiOp, said that all except Is TO IS
per cent Of Mex:co's population is
illiterate and Of the average of 40
900 Mexicans who have entered the
United States yearly between 1910
and 1928. only 1000 could read and
write, since the class Of Mexicans
who migrate is usually not the up
per class. Since the nature Of the
racial contacts between Mexicans
Americans will be very important
In the coming generation, DR.. Ga
milo said. the two countries should
know each other better through So
ciolOgical study. SO that future rom