New Britain herald., 1930-03-06
Led March of Indians On Johannesburg in Opposi- ton to Poll Tax for OrientaIs.

London, March P-The Indian problem. which has so suddenly as- sumed such a formidable size, IS largely the problem of Mahatma Gandhi. It is difficult to separate one from the other.
 In June, 1891, Gandhi, having been graduated from the University Of London. was admitted 10 the British bar and quit England for his native land. \ Hindu firm then sent him to South Africa to conduct a lawsuit He found the Indians living in South Africa treated the same as the aboriginal natives. lte became interested in their efforts 10 raise their status and remained in Natal to conduct successful cam paign against the governments anti Asiatic laws. sacrificing his large legal income.
 He founded an agricultural colony near Durban in 1904 based on his idea of rcnunciation. He abandon ed his legal garb and began wearing only loin cloth. HeuCcforth lie became in the eyes of his followers Mahatma-tlle great soul
 Sent to Jail
 For organizing q mass rCfusel of Indian laborers 10 register thcr fingerprints, the Mahatma was iu- prisoned at Johannesburg in 1906 for two months. In 1913 he orgau- izcd strikes of protest at a poll tax said to be aimed at AsidtiCs. He led a large procession across the coua- try with the slogan, Johannesburg or jail" As it went it's numbers increased. Babies were born rn route. Many died. Finally the South Africa government had thG procession surrounded. Its members were placed on trains and sent ba K home and Gandhi again was put in jail Eventually the Mahatma won better conditions for his followers and departed in 1914 for India.
 Indian politics had become acu' e and soon after the World war starr ed, Lloyd George. harassed by the rebellion in Ireland. promised lnd,a 8 greater measure of home rule. At that time the nationalist congress, an unofficial body founded by two liberal Englishmen, was the onG voice of Indian nationalists. Ram say Macdonald. now prime minister, wro.e of it as far back as 1910:
 The history of the nationalist congress is the history of the nation alist movement. Started in 1885 ty men who were rich, who were llb- erals, and who had been educated in western ways, it was purely poi tlcal. Its demand was for cnfran- chisement and for responsibility. It was never anti-British, and it has manding a measure of self-govcra- ment, under the British raj. But t gave birth to a left wing which gradually gained an independent pc sition and drew away from it. The Anglo-Indian administration lost his opportunity. The congress which ought to have been accepted by him as & useful critic was regarded by him as an irreconcilable enemy. He resented it. He misreprcscnted T He handed it over to the mercy n! it's left wing. The doctrine of T Sim Fein kind of self-hclp. tH- dream of the political boycott, wasu encouraged by the blundcrs of thc government"
 Effects LsIchnow Pact
 Gandhi came into prominence m India with his first political coup n persuading the nationalist congress Of Hindus to make common cause with the Moslems in their support ot the Caliphate movement and n 1916 he effected the Lucknow pact creating an alliance between the Indian nationalist congress and the Indian Moslem league.
 In 1919 when the home rule en- visioned by Lloyd George failed 10 materialize fast enough, Gandhi an nounced his Satyagraha movcmcnt the principle of which is the assert cd right to lepudiate and disobey unjust laws. His first brush witn the Indian gov ernmeut came when his unregistered newspaper W1s suppressed.
 Later Gandhi stimulated q strike and ordered his followers to sperd