davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-06-16
SECOND auto
VICTIM dies
OF INJURIES
Mrs. Mclaughlin And
Mrs. Truwit Buried
Here Today

Mrs. Mary G. Mclaughlin. moth
err Of Mrs. Hugo Milde. Brownsville,
died Sunday morning at 8 o'clock,
the second victim Of the automobile
accident aSturday night that caused
the death Of Mrs. Anna G. Truwit,
pioneer Brownsville resident.
Mr.. and Mrs. Milde. who were in
the car with both Mrs. Truwit and
Mrs. Mclaughlin. are at their home
and are expected to recover.
Tomas Morelos and Cecilio Rami-
rec. who we're In the a which col
lided with that n driven bv Mr.
MIlde. were released from the Mercy
hospital Sunday, neither being se-
riously injured.
Mrs. Mclaughlin Is survived by
two daughters, Mrs. Milde. Browns
vile. and Mrs. j. Bartlett. New
York City. Mrs. Bartlett was IN
Brownsville last week. leaving for
her northern home last Monday, af-
ter a visit here.
Funerals Today
Funeral will be held at 4 p. m.
Monday. with services at the Episco-
pal church. Pallbearers will be y.
X. McDavitt, DR.. r.. II. EiSaman,
Ike Club, c. w. Colgin. E. X. Good
rich. and j. M. George.
Mrs. Truwit was buried at 9
O'Clock Monday morning, cere-
monies conducted by Rev. r. o.
Macintosh at the Truwit resi-
dence. Active pallbearers were @.
w. bennett. j. p. Putegnat, George
Seaman. George Putegnat, Jr- O.
Goodrich. Jr., Owen Combe. Hon
orary pallbearers were 3. IL. Cain,
"A. Asheim, Oscar Suder. George
Putegnat, Sr., Jesse bennett, a.
Turk.
County Officer r. @. Delaney.
who is investigating the crash, said
Monday morning that no charges
had been filed. The officers Mon
day had no definite information as
10 the cause Of the accident. Or
ficers Delaney and Z. K. Sadler, ar
irving at the scene Immediately af-
ter the crash. reconstructed the &C
cident.
Accident Described
A Herald reporter found both
Aroreles and Ramirez at the home
of the latter on 10th and Fronton
streets. and during an interview
with Morales it was disclosed that
the explanation given by officers
was accurate.
The car driven by Morales. a
Dodge sedan, was driving towards
Los Fresnos on the Predes Line
road. 1t was carrying a supply OF
several sacks OF flour to Point Isa-
bel where Moreles resides, Cecilic
Ramirez was a passenger.
Morales said he did not know how
fast he was travelling.
The Hupmobile sedan driven by
Hrgo Milde, and containing Mrs
Milde. Mrs. Truwit. and Mrs. Nc
Laughlin drove off a dirt road to
Continued on page ~
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-06-16

man for the job.
CPEAKING Of impressions made
~ by the Valley. Major James G.
Hall. who has recently been
transferred from the canal zone 70
Fort Brown. says he has found the
spot he has been looking for all these
years and finds it right here in the
Valley.
He declares that when he retires
here Is where he will build his home
and spend his declining years. Folks
by the name OF that borne bv the
major often show signs Of superior
intelligence. and there are lots Of
people in the United States. who can
be persuaded as the major has. al
most Of his own accord.
IN OUR recent sojourn TO that
state below Missouri, we passed
through Sherman. Texas. and
before we realized that we headed
into the town where the mob had
burned the courthouse. we were
driving past the ruins.
Ruined is right. There was only
the IlEll COAitE OF tic lnSl LOOT
left. and masons were buying laying
bricks for a new structure.
And now we wonder II the lone
eagle, which for many years has
Neen making its flight north and
)outh and resting on the top Of the
Sherman court house viii like the
new building well enough 10 stop
and take its rest The eagle story
out OF Sherman has become an an
nual event in the newspaper world.
A MINATED Annie says birds
"A flocking together become OF a
I feather.
THE Rio Grande IS living up to
its name. but re hope not too
much so.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-06-16
TIDE TABLE

High and low tide INK Point Isabel
tomorrow, under normal metecrol-
ogical conditions.
High GIT a. M.
Low 1.02 "a. "a.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-06-16

MINATED Annie says birds
~ flocking together become Of a
feather.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-06-16

THE Rio Grande IS living up to
its name. but we hope not too
much so.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-06-16
Sunday, June 18th

FLOOD Present 14-Hr. 14-Hf
@rurn Efnu@ rh~r nafl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21
The Story the Week Has Told

ment of Christianity in the land and
who Is. therefore. revered as st. Olav.
Haakon's reign has been adorned by two
heroes of the first rank, namely,
Amundsen and Nansen.
X
FRANCE.-On December 10 Senator
Theodore Steeg announced to Presi-
dent Doumergue success of the effort to
form a government. That government
is very definitely left. OF the 1s min
listers II Cincluding M. Steeg) are Radi-
cal socialists, are left Republicans and
2 Republican Socialists, is of the
Union Republicaine and of the Radi-
cal left. A good many well known names
are seen-Briands foreign affairs),
Legues (interior), Cheron Oustice),
Bathou (war), Sarraut (marine), Chau-
temps (education), Deladier public
works., Louicheur (commerce), Painteve
(air).
Only members of the new cabinet
served in the late cabinet, but Messieurs
Leagues and Louicheur were members
of Tsrdisu's first cabinet The oppo-
sition, which includes four very inn
portant groups, appears 10 be strong
enough to make M. Steeg dependent on
support from the unified Socialists; an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

extremely unsatisfactory situation, a
most precarious support.
Senator Steeg is So years old. He
entered Parliament at SO and held his
first portfolio in 1911. He was minister
of the interior almost throughout the
years 1920. Thereafter as Governor
General of Algeria he established very
high pro-consular reputation. He re-
signed this post in 1925 to join the
Painleve cabinet as minister of justice,
but within a few months he returned
to Africa as resident general of Mo-
rocco, which post he filled with dis
tinction for four years, on his return
to France becoming Senator. On the
18th the new government presented it
self to the chamber. Debate on the
ministerial declaration ragged flercely
for seven hours, after which a motion
of confidence was carried, but only by
the exceedingly narrow margin of Z
votes 1921 TO 284) and only through
solid support by the unified Socialists
Moreover, already M. Thoumyre, minis
ter of pensions, and two undersecre-
taries have resigned. I repeat that the
position of the new government is very
precarious. On the 10th Parliament was
adjourned to January 18th.
The new minister of justice an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

Poland dropped from 1874 in 1926 to
1l2 ip 1929, down to 80 in 1880. The
lowering by 200 per cent of the farmers
ability to buy Immediately made itself
felt in industry. One depression aggra-
waited the other. The farmers of Mid
Europe constitute Is per cent of the
buying population of Europe In Hun
gary they are even going without salt.
Rumanian Minister Speaks.
Over in Rumania M. Virgile Mad
gearu, minister of commerce and in
dustry, gave me the following observa-
ton:
Economic life is not static. There
are cycles and long periods of economic
depression which come at intervals, and
especially in agriculture. After the Ma
poleonic wars it lasted Is years; after
the wars of 1870-1880 there was one
which lasted rs years. Now we are in
the midst Of another. Russia's economic
experiment is complicating the sitlla-
ton and Russian dumping has just be-
gun. Europes agriculturists are in a
tragic position. In Rumania, for ex-
ample. as direct result of the depres-
sion in agriculture our imports dropped
20 per cent in 1929. In the first six
months of this year there was another
decline of 20 per cent. All the coun-
tries OF Europe almost have a similar
phenomenon. Unemployment is the re-
suit and the low purchasing power of
the peasant population is almost di.
rectly to blame
Since the prosperity Of the farmer is
directly linked with the prosperity of
industry, it is obvious that their re-
Mobilization must go hand in hand.
For that reason industrialiSts and
agriculturtSts are joining forces, and
governments, which in the final analy-
sis must be arbiters of their national
properties, are equally concerned. For
the first time in its history the world
is seeking to bury national differences
for the common economic welfare Of
the whole.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21
Champions Five-Day Week
Dok Advocates Period Rest for the Nottingham
History of Shorter Hours.

are now contentedly and industriously
pursuing their avocationS, and thus pro-
duce incalculable injury to the whole
people"
Van Buren, Shortened Work Day.
President Van Buren, in 1910 gave
the shorter day proposal a big boost
when he proclaimed a 10-hour day for
Federal employees in the Capital.
The eight-hour movement appears to
have originated at the Charleston
(MaSS.) Navy Yard in 1912. when ship
carpenters went On the shorter schedule.
It was Boston mechanic, Ira Stew
ard, then working IL hours a day, who
took the leadership in the campaign
for an eight-hour work day. That
was about the time of the Civil War.
A concerted drive was undertaken with
considerable success, and in 1863 Con-
gress enacted the first Federal law linz
iting the hours of work The law pro-
vided an eight-hour day in the Govern
ment departments and for all laborers
employed on behalf of the Govern
ment."
Department heads, however, met the
change with a corresponding wage re-
duction that caused widespread discon-
tent.
A year later President Grant issued
an executive order directing the de-
partmentS to restore the 10-hour-day
scale of wages. Some of the bureau
heads failed to comply with the order,
however, and Grant issued a second
proclamation that was obeyed.
The eight-hour edict for Government
work long was evaded by contractors
however, and 1t was not until Congress
passed special law in 1913 forbidding
employment of outside labor where the
eight-hour day was not observed that
the evasion ceased.
The newborn American Federation Of
Labor took up the fight for an eight
hour day in industry in the early
eighties. A policy of strikes was adopt
ed to force employers to shorten the
work day. The notable strike of the
carpenters in 1890 resulted in estab-
lishment Of the eight-hour day for car
penters In 1877 cities and nine-hour
day nearly everywhere else. Other
unions followed the example set by the
carpenters, until the eight-hour day be-
came firmly established in most lines
Of industry.
Ford Adopts Short Week.
In the meantime the five-day week
began to receive serious consideration.
Henry Ford focused worldwide atten-
ton on the movement in 1926 when he
adopted the short week in his plants in
Detroit. In announcing the innovation,
Ford said:
THE country is ready for the five
day week. It is bound to come through
all industry because without it the
country will not be able to absorb its
production and stay prosperous. The
industry Of this country could not long
exist If factories generally went back to
the 10-hour day, because the people
would not have time to consume the
goods produced
For instance, a workman would have
little use for an automobile If he had
Continued on Sixth Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21
Wheat Being Taken From World Politics
AS League Calls Economic Conference
Continued From First Pageo

Continued From First Page)
economic equilibrium; the organization
Of exchanges, and. finally, more orderly
methods of cooperative and interna-
tional marketing.
Since wheat prices will have to be
fixed on the world market, conditions
can be permanently alleviated only by
International cooperation. Corpora
ton of groups of nations having COM
mon interests may serve to pave the
way. Thus the Mid European states,
whose peasant population comprises
from 20 to 80 per cent Of their hun
dred million peoples. are asking that
their industrialized European neigh
bers promise to absorb first their sur
plus Of 100000 to 100000 bushels
Of wheat yearly before buying from
overseas. This amount, which would
solve the problem of Bulgaria, Ruma9ia,
Austria, Poland, Jugoslavia, Hungary
and the Baltic states, would only sat
isfy about is per cent Of Europe's total
demand. But as Europe's peasants can
not compete with overseas countries.
WHICH plL SClenJlIlc necn9DlDeO farming
against the Old Worlds primitive
methods, their request necessitates fix
ing prices at figure which would in
crease slightly the cost of living in the
purchasing countries. They offer TO
onset this, however. by pledging them
selves in return to spend the money
they get by first buying manufactured
goods from the countries which buy
their farm produce.
Whether the program can be made
70 work remains to be seen. France
and certain other industrial countries
have indirectly started trying out the
ARRANGEMENT, and are closing their
doors to so-called Russian dumping in
the bargain
The extent to which wheat has been
piling up in the world is wildly shown
In oncial reports collected by the
League from various authoritative
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21
BY REX COLLIER.

$4,000
uOO LONG as there is one man
who seeks employment and
cannot obtain it, the hours Of,
~ labor are too long"
Forty years ago, when the
late Samuel Gompers gave expression
to this view, the movement for an eight
hour day for workers was just getting
under way.
Today new champion of labor has
stepped forward in support of shorter
work period than Gompers would have
dared to breach two score years ago.
He is none other than the new Secre-
tary of Labor, William Nuckles Doak,
erstwhile freight-car shifter and late
legislative representative of the Brother
hood of Railroad Trainmen.
Secretary Doak no sooner had as
suned his post in the cabinet than he
came out with public pronouncement
in favor of the five-day week
81 have tried it out In my own office
for several years and found 1t success
full" he declared Nothing is gained
by making employees work half day on
Saturday, for little can be accomplished
during those few hours. believe in the
five-day week"
While Mr.. Doak was Yoicing this SEN
timent in his Office at the Department
of Labor a group of railway labor exec
utiveS was meeting at the Labor Secre-
tary's old headquarters to formulate a
program for a shorter work day and q
shorter week in the railroad industry,
and a movement already was on in other
circles to gain a f1ve-day week for Gov
eminent employees.
Worked From Dawn to Sunset.
Announcement of Secretary Doak's
nf he drive
and of the movement in the Federal
service did not create the stir that Sam
Gompers' radical statements aroused
when the crusade for shorter hours was
In nebulous form.
When this country was yet in its
swaddling clothes it was customary for
industrial workers to stay at their work
benches just as long as the farmer re-
manned behind his pillow, namely, from
sunrise to sunset. The hours were
longer in Summer, a fair days labor
extending over IA or Is hours. In Win
ter the daylight period shortened the
hours to IL or IA. One or two hours
usually constituted the meal period.
In 1871 the journeymen carpenters
of Philadelphia startled industrial cir
Giles by striking for shorter hours After
long negotiation an agreement was
reached between the employees and the
Master Carpenters Association that IN
the future a days work amongst us
shall be deemed to commence at 6
o'clock in the morning and terminate
at o'clock in the evening of each day."
Some 80 years later, when the 12-
hour day began to pail on the workers,
a general movement was launched for
a 10-hour day. The movement was
attended by many strikes ana contro-
versies.
Struck for Ten-Hour Day.
indicative of the shock which the
new drive cccasioned in the ranks Of
employers is the response of master
carpenters of Boston to a strike by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

journeymen carpenters in 1925 for q
10-hour day.
I'VE learn with surprise and regret"
the employers said, that large num-
Der of the journeymen have entered
into q combination for the purpose of
altering the time Of commencing and
terminating their daily labor which has
been customary from time immemorial.
Such combination, they declared,
was "fraught with numerous and per-
nicious evils" for it would subject the
journeymen to many temptations and
improvident practices from which they
were happily secure" when working
from sunrise to sunset.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21
To-Julid, Who Serves

bs gs to oo t h S45v1 E Ess throw
Gold on my window ledge;
Her back bends low
To coax in curling radiance from dull logs;
Gold warmth to glow.
And for the dusty garb of yesterday,
She lays out homespun fresh and linen white;
For recompense small coins,
Which but birds in eager fight
To bear taper carrying my name
To Holy Mary's height.
1t is day called christmas-Julia hastes
She ho6 Gsaf bit to Of Si' woven nsr marc
BY nuns who tied pale threads with threads of prayer
And gold with psalm
Why should she bring to me this holy gift?
For things BY love GOntryed most holy Iva are
My vision, by some shining scimitar
Is severed from near fields to fields afar.
To far blue fields where it is Christmas tide.
With angels round the Holy Mothers knee
And julia in her arms robe and crown,
Raises her eyes and catches sight 9 Of me
Standing despondently.
The angels all put on their lustrous robes,
And every angel dons his shining crown row H..
Is tuggng at the the Holy Mothers gown N ''O
oh Holy Mother Mary may take
These garments down
To himq He needs them so."-she mods my way
His earthly garments ever were my care:
Oh, Mother Mary, let me take my gifts
All shabby and you oft have heard His name
My taper bore it upward with my prayer!
And Julia threw the wide gold gates ajar,
And light fair than dawn upon me shed;
And wrapping me about with radiant robes
She took me unto Mary's throne and said
please, Mother Mary, may have star
To make my little halo fit His head?"
And there beside the Holy Mothers knee,
Lost in her joyous labor, Julia fingers.
Fashioning for anotherS brow her crown,
She holds a shining star between her fingers;
UnknoWing that a world in wonder watches
It's quivering glory thread the blue-lt miles;
And Mary, looking on the shining patches,
Leans down with love; and smiles
LEWIS COLWELL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

|HE following Is brief story OF
the most important news CT the
world for the seven days ended
December 20, 1880.
GREAT BRITAIN.-The government
has definitely decided to present to the
Commons Immediately after the Christ
mas recess an electoral reform bill en-
bodying the alternative vote principle
sop to the Liberals; not as favorable
to the latter as they could wish, nor in
the form they would choose, but per-
hapS favorable enough to concll1ate eS-
sential support by them.
The government has presented to the
Commons bill calling for repeal of the
trades disputes act. This is move of
the very first Importance. 1t is said
that the Liberals have promised to sup
port it in return for the electoral reform
proposed. It would legalize sympathetic
strikes and picketing unaccompanied by
violence; trade union funds would again
be immune from attachment and unions
would again be authorized to make po-
litical levies on members; and the right
of civil servants to organize would be
restored
Premier Macdonald has yielded to
the Lords on one issue. The Commons
had approved, though only by a very
narrow margin of votes, the govern
ment's proposal to allow the dyeStuds
act to lapse on January Is next. The
Lords amended the measure so as to
postpone for a year the date lapsing.
Mr.. Macdonald decided that, consider
ing the present complexion of affairs,
it would be unwise to contest the matter
further. So tor little longer the Brit
ish dye industry is to be- protected
against terrific pressure from Germany.
On the 10th, Parliament adjourned to
January 20.
X \ X
NORWAY. has been cele-
brating the twenty-fifth anniversary
November I'D of the mounting Of the
Norwegian throne by Prince Karl of
Denmark as Haakon VII. King Haakon
has thoroughly endeared himself to his
subjects. He is an authority on the
sagas and an ardent patron of Winter
rports. Norway celebrated another an
niversary this year, namely. the nine
hundredth of the death of King Olaf II,
great-grandson of Harald Haarfager, to
whom is attributed the firm establish
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

While the acreage has increased al
most 10 per cent, the production over
the same period had increased around
So per cent, indicating the extent played
by modern methods in wrestling more
and more from the earth.
In Canada, Argentina and Australia
the acreage planted in wheat has in
creased by more than 200 per cent since
1900
Yet, while the population of the
world. despite wars and epidemics, in
creased 123000,000 in the decade be-
tween 1911 and 1922. and Europe's popu-
lation alone jumped by 100000 over
that period, the per capita consumption
of all cereals decreased in Europe by
12.5 per cent and in the world as a
whole by 10 per cent. Either mankind
is changing its diet or contracting its
collective belt because OF economic
necessity or through vanity.
Rural Population Decreases.
The result: Wheat prices in Canada
are less this year by half than in 1929.
In the United States according 70
Washingtons official report to the
League, from 1920 to the end of last
year the rural communities suffered a
net loss Of 3,760,000 persons who have
gone to swell the cities food Of unem-
ployed.
Summarizing the European situation,
M. Hipolit Civic, President OF the
Polish Senate and ex-minister of COM
merce and industry, who Is the spokes-
man of the Mid-European agricultural
bloc. gave the writer a striking illus
traticn of the interdependence Of agri-
culture and industry, of peasants on
the land and workers in. the cities.
Prices obtained for farm produce In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

When the ship carpenters Of Boston
followed the example of the Journey
men several years later and struck for
a 10-hour day in the ship industry the
ship owners painted sordid picture
of evils that would result from the
extra leisure.
1.-The habits likely to be generated by
this Indulgence in idleness in our Sum-
mer mornings and afternoons will be
very detrimental to the journeymen in
dividually and very costly to us as
community" the owners stated.
If the men succeeded in their strike,
it was added, their example probably
would be followed by thousands who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21
BY HENRY W. BUM.

following is a brief story Of
the most important news CT the
world for the seven days ended
December 20, 1880.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

Continued on Sixth Page
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

indicative of the shock which the
new drive cccasioned in the ranks Of
employers is the response of master
carpenters of Boston to a strike by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-12-21

The program Tor every student
through which the Antioch pniloSoph :
trainings with physical development;
with ethical education for personal So
cial and economic life; with esthetic
appreciation: with the developnieut Of
reSourcefulness, self-reliances an q