Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-30
SOVIET PLANNING
1881 WHEAT DRIVE
Larger Sales on World Mar
ket Than This Year
Seems Probable.
BY NEGLEY FARsoN.

ny Radio to The Star.
BERLIN, Germany, September 3d.
The Russians have not yet offered
cheap wheat in any considerable guam
titles on the German market, the Ger
man Agricultural Union believes. Sat-
urday's rise in import duty from $3.50
per TOO Kilograms to $40 and a STEP
up in the percentage Of German wheat,
which must be used in making -four In
all German mills Of from 90 to 30 per
cent, is actually due to a desire to pro-
tect the German farmer against the
general world slump in grain prices.
The increase in the wheat import
duty probably would not have been
enforced were it not for the bad situa-
ton Of German rye, Of which there Is
Q serious overproduction, despite Presi-
dent Won Hindenburg'S slogan, Ger
mans, eat rye bread!" Also there is
the question of the impending mobili-
nation of the German potato crop, fer
which the farmer must have ready
cash, and therefore it Is essential to
stabilize the market for his small wheat
crop in order to secure him some rea-
sonable price.
huSSAESn wheat threat.
The threat, however, of worldwide
Russian wheat dumping is increasing
daily. From figures supplied by the
IL Is said that whereas 100, 000, 600 hec-
tares are under cultivation this year,
next year calls for 145,000,000. This
year 43 per cent of this was produced
by the "SocialiZed sector" of state and
collective farms. Next year the plan
calls for SO per cent from the same
sources.
From other reliable sources I learn
that the Winter wheat area next year
viii be increased by 22.4 per cent and
the Spring wheat by 1877 per cent.
Eighty-f1ve per cent of all marketable
grain will come from socfalized sources.
It is interesting to point out the
actual meaning of this increase of $50
cialized production" for by the very
organization of collective farming the
government Is enabled to get the crop
harvested in a manner far more effec-
tive than under individual production.
And this unquestionably is one Of the
chief reasons why 1t is being carried
out so relentlesSly. The prices paid by
the government to the state farms this
year is only 20 kopecks (about 10
cents per pood-about 80 kopeckS
(about IA cents) per bushel, it Is re-
ported.
Increase Is shown.
Another and outstanding feature Of
this collectivization Is the increase In
the crop per unit Of area, which this
year is 426 for the collective against
2S.9 for the individual. The output per
person on the collectives Is virtually
double that by individuals, and the
grain produced by the collective in
creased nine times over that Of last
year.
The information, supplied by noted
American authority with intimate
disputed. He has Just arrived in Berlin
after q Summer spent on collective
farms and villages. I gather that this
b not being done at the expense Of the
peasants food.
The peasant Is feeding today better
than ever, but there Is an acute short
age In all the villages Of manufactured
goods. But the peasants can be said TO
have essential clothing to carry en-.
There is plenty of bread and potatoes
IN the cities, but an acute shortage OF
fats.
Aside from the frantic Russian efforts
TO export canned meats and soap to
secure foreign exchange, the fact that
the peasants destroyed so many Of their
cattle before being forcibly enrolled in
the collectiviZation program has caused
the fat shortage, which is likely TO en-
dure for q considerable period.
Big Shortage Of Fat.
During the last year horned cattle
dropped from $1,000, 900 head to b2,-
100000; pigs from 100000 to H.
080, 900, and sheep from 732, 100000 to