davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

perform such work as the respective
cabinet minister may delegate to him
Service similar to that rendered by
American officers in China. Siam and
Nicaragua, for naval matters in Brazil
and for educational matters in Peru.
5. That our government make "a
moderate appropriation during the con-
tinuance of the treaty to defray the
cost of American civil officials in the
Haitian government service"
s. That, when an American Minister
replaces the high commissioner, mill
tary attache be assigned to the legation.
7. That United States officials in
Haiti diligently address themselves to
increasingly rapid INFLAMMATION Of
the services, with the object of hav-
ing Haitians experienced in every de-
partment of government ready to take
over full responsibility at the expiration
of the existing treaty"
8. That in retaining officers now in
the Haitian service and in appoint
ment of new officers to such service,
selection be made of those free from
strong racial antipathies."
9. That the United States recognize
the temporary President when elected,
provided the election conforms to the
agreement struck between the commits
sion and President Borno and the
chiefs of the opposition; and that the
United States recognize the President
elected by the new Legislature, pro-
vided the elections have been free OF
force and fraud.
40. That (though not prior to an
inauguration Of the permanent Presi-
dent) the Office of high commissioner
be abolished and a non-military Min
lister be appointed to take over his
duties as well as those of diplomatic
representative.
II. That the American Marines be
gradually withdrawn Gin accordance
with arrangements to be made in future
agreement between the United States
and Haitian governments"
IL. That the United States limit
its intervention in Haitian affairs
definitely to those affairs for which
provision is made for American as
sistance by treaty or by specific agree
ment between the two governments.
10. That the new Minister be
charged with the duty of negotiating
with the Haitian government further
notifications of the existing treaty
and agreements providing for less In
tervention in Haitian domestic affairs
and defining the conditions under
which the United States would tend its
assistance in the resolution of order
or maintenance of credit.
For the American occupation to date
the commission has words both Of
praise and of blame, the praise pre-
dominating.
Having remarked that the governing
class ("elite'') constitutes an urban ele-
ment numbering less than per cent
of the population, the report states:
"It has been the aim of the Ameri-
can occupation to try to broaden the
base of the articulate proletariat and
thus make for sounder democracy
aud ultimately provide for more rep
resentative government in Haiti. Hence
its work in education, in sanitation, in
agencies of communication, such as
roads, telephones, telegraph lines and
regular mail routes. These things
naturally are deemed of secondary i'm
portance by the elite, who see in the
rise of the middle class a threat to the
continuation Of their own leadership"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

q few years ago and demonstrated here
by the English inventor, Grindell Mat
thewS
Few scientists believed that such a
system could be successful and it may
be recalled that Prof r. w. Wood Of
Johns Hopkins announced that he would
be willing to stand at a distance of so
feet from such an apparatus and take
such consequences that might arise. In
view Of this. it is worthy of note that
Prof. Wood has himself since that time
developed a very potent death ray"
1t takes the form of a sound wave In
water of such high frequency that it
cannot be heard by the human ear.
1t is capable of killing fish almost
instantly. This type of ray is quite new
and~ft is safe to say that its potentiali-
ties have not even been guessed.
Recently 1t has been discovered that
X-ray irradiation of the sex cells of
plants and Of animals would produce
new and varied species. Thus we can
speed UP evolution experimentally. The
use of the curative rays Of radium and
OF X-rays Is but beginning to be un-
derStood.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
BY EVELYN TRENT.

N important step in the develop
" ment Of international commune
"A cations was taken on Thursday,
4 \ when the flrSt regular radio
telephone service was estab-
liShed between the countries of North
and South America, through the In
ternational Telephone and Telegraph
system.
This new telephone service, which is
the flrst two-way circuit linking the
two continents, brings 100000 tele-
phone subscribers in the United States,
Canada, Mexico and Cuba into direct
touch with 277,0oo subscribers in Ar
gentina, Uruguay and Chile. The event
was celebrated by conversations among
the heads Of some Of the countries con-
cerned, illustrating to millions of radio
listeners the ease with which the peo-
pies Of Latin America and ourselves
may converse with one another
Daily Service Started.
This 5,300-mile, short wave radio
telephone circuit is now in daily opera
ton from am. to S pm, between the
Telephone e. Telegraph Co. and the
South American systems of the I. T. &
T. Corporation, with q basic rate of $36
for three-minute conversation. The
terminals are located near New York
and Buenos Aires, and house-to-
house conversation may be carried on
by subscribers anywhere in the coun-
tries concerned. This new international
service supplements the one inaugurated
last year. October IL, between Buenos
Aires and Madrid, which brought Spain
and the Spanish American countries
into telephone communication.
$4,000 Phones in Use.
The rapid growth of telephone sys-
TENS in Latin America is shown by the
fact that there are now $4,000 tele-
phones in use there, of which 10000
are controlled by the International
Telephone & Telegraph Corporation.
In Central America and the West
Indies there are about ZOO telephone
users, of which 125 1000 are served by
the same concern. South America alone
is estimated to have some 500 900 tele-
phone subscribers, 100000 Of which are
operated by the I. T. & T.
While there are other telephone sys-
TENS operating in Central and South
America. largely financed by European
capital. the greatest number are oper-
ated or controlled by this American
organization, among them the United
River Plate system, with 100000 sub
scribers, the largest telephone company
in South America and the largest pri-
vately owned telephone company in the
world. exclusive of the American Tele-
phone & Telegraph Co.
Thus, American capital, engineering
experts and equipment have entered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

rocking the land and dispatching the
bulk of the Russian people on the road
to Communism.
From the headquarters of the CEN
trail committee of the Communist party
come sweeping DEGREES outlining plans
and policies for establishing COM
munism on the farms of Russia. Two
amazing resolutions, fundamentally con-
Trajectory in tone-one issued the 5th
of last January and the second on
March 15-sketch the crisis with terse
these legal documents stalk the Com
munists' hopes for their collectivized
farms project the greatest accomplish
ment in this line since last Autumn,
and their Just fears of failure In the
vital undertaking.
The startling edict of the first OF
the year called for the complete COL
lectivization of the lower Volga region
by next Fall and 100 per cent COM
munization of all Russian farms by
harvest time In 1881. This was an am
bilious schedule, as it superseded the
f1ve-year-plan then in effect, which had
lectivization of land by 1888. The
ukase was followed by two months of
hectic activity by Communist or
ganizers, who met with marked sue
cess and reported the number Of so
cialized farms doubled in 20 days. When
this phenomenal accomplishment was
at its height the second puzzling order
was issued by the central committee.
Claims Gains in COllectivism.
1t began with a recitation of the
tremendous gains in collectivism and
claimed that SIS per cent of all farms
were communized and that 80 per cent
of these were already supplied with
seed grain for the years crop. Then
it fell into a sterner mood. Agents
engaged in recruiting farms for group
owned projects we're ordered to be more
moderate in their methods of securing
enlistments, and the use of force to
coerce membership was forbidden as a
criminal offense Indicating that force
had been employed in the successful
campaign. There was warning
against overconfidence and an admoni-
ton not to attempt the establishment
of collectives in a region where they
would be economically unsound. The
second decree was distinctly wet
blanket on the flame famed to fury by
the first.
The enigma of this plea for modera-
| CONTINUED on Fourth Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
BY HENRY w. BUM.

(The following is brief summary OF
the most important news Of the world
for the seven days ended April 3D.
IREI,AND.-On April William T.
Cosrrave was reelected President of the
executive council of the Irish Free State
by a vote of 80 to IS. both Eamonn De
Valera, candidate of the Fianna Fail, or
Republican party, and Thomas j. O'Con-
neil, candidate of the Labor party. hav-
ing previously been impressively re-
iected. Mr.. CoSgrave renom1nated all
his old ministers, and the Dali assenteo
as to all.
The Irish statesman, edited by George
Russell CAE"), has ceased publlcatloh'
It was established in 1928 by Sir Horace
PIunkett and had glorious. though all
too brief, career, including Yeats and
Synse among its contributors. 1t sup
ported the government on the treaty
and economic issues, and its advocacy
was immensely helpful to Patrick Ho-
gan's agrarian policy.
y X X X
GERMANY.-Dr. Heinrich Bruening,
Centrist, promptly formed new gov
eminent in succession to the government
headed by Herman Mueller, which re-
signed on March q. On March ~ ne
published the following list:
Chancellor, Heinrich Bruening; for
eien minister, Julius Curtius; interior,
Joseph Wirth; economics, Hermann
Dietrich: finance, Paul Moldenhauer;
labor, Adam Stegerwald; defense, Gen.
Wilhelm Groener; agriculture, Martin
Schiele; posts, Georg Schaetzel; commu-
nicationS, Theodore Won Gueraro; JUS
tice, Johannes Brett.
The party distribution is as follows:
Of nnTns
ocrat. one nationalist (Schlele), one
Bavarian Populist, one member OF the
Economic party, and one non-party man
The appointment of DR.. Schiele did
not imply that Nationalist support OF
the government was assured: Dr
Schiele accepted because of his pas
sionate desire to further legislation In
relief of the agrarian interest. par,
ticularly of the distressed farmers OF
East Prussia and Pomerania. 1t re-
NAMED to see whether Nationalist sup
mort. necessary to the government
could be conciliated. A desperate strug-
gle was waged in Nationalist party con-
/ ferences over several days, DR.. Hugen-
berg, the head of the party. opposing
such support. He was defeated, ano
when on April 8 the new government
presented itself to the Reichstag ne
announced provisional support OF the
| government by MS party III Cne nUet
| est of agrarian relief. The government
received a vote of confidence, 253 to
1877, So of the IS Nationalist deputies
voting for 1t.
| X X n X
POLAND-Jan Pilsudski, brother OF
the marshal, having failed to form a
Polish cabinet in succession to that
| headed by Casimir Bartel, on March
| % Col Walery Slawek did the trick
with two exceptions, it is Bartel's cab
met back again. Col. Slawek is Marshal
PilsudskPS best friend, and the head
of the "colonels group" and of the
party most violently opposed to CO.
operation of the government with the
present Parliament We are told that
! the new government is resolved to gov
ern without Parliament at least until
| next November The Sejm will probable
buck, and no doubt there will be the
usual grotesQue doings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
BY BEN JAMES.

BY BEN JAMES.
TUBBY candles flicker on the
window stills, lighting a squirm-
ing mass of travellers packed in
- a third-clasS coach. The train
lurches through the switch lights
of a Moscow railway terminal and clat-
tiers out upon the quiet prairieS
cloud of cigarette smoke hangs in a
blue fog over the men and women
sprawled on the hard benches. Gray,
billowy sacks of baggage are heaped in
the aisle. A bearded peasant In long,
coarse shirt tied at the waist with a
piece of rope eats a fish that ne holds
in his square, dirty fingers. An old man
whose legs are wrapped in rags sleeps
on an upper bench. Tin teapots leashed
to wooden handbags flash in the I'M
certain light. A wide-faced, angular
girl wrapped in black shawl watches
soldier pull off his thick boots. 1t is
like a dim inferno peopled with clumsy
souls bundled in sheepskin coats and
bound on an endless journey. They
are peasants going back to their homes.
AS the train slips farther across the
level plain and the vast ocean Of dark
steppes swallows the booming, paradox
ical Moscow with its growing factories,
Byzantine temples, feudal walls and
busts of Lenin-it Is then that the real
Russia climbs over the horizon. And
the real Russia is colossal tidal wave
Of soil comprising one-sixth of the
earth's land, a country of farms and
Sordid sullen villages where 120,000,000
people-85 per cent of the nations
population-live. as they have lived for
generations, in a manner not unlike the
peasants of medieval Europe.
Drama Nearing Crisis.
Across the stretches of this gigantic
stage a stirring drama is racing to
climax 1t is a drama no less thrilling
and more far-reaching tllan the hectic
one enacted at Petrograd in October,
1917. when Communism came to the
workers of the country. For the revolu-
ton has at last reached the myriad
tribes of the Russias who live close to
the soil. The millions of peasants-70
per cent of them illiterate, most of
them ignorant of the fundamentals OF
their government aad all of them in
dividuals greedy for property-are
brought face to face with collectivism
that seeks to unite their small farms,
implements and all their private prop
erty into a vast community where all
wealth is held In common.
For months the black night OF the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
Rule of Japanese
In Korea Protested

Rebellion of the Koreans against Jap.
anese rule in 1919 was reviewed in Homo.
lulu recently when 700 Koreans met IN
Mission Memorial Hall, headquarters of
the Hawaiian Board of Missions, and
adopted resolutions which mean a cone
tinuation of agitation for independence.
Hawaii Is the home of several thousand
Koreans, among whom are many revo-
lutioniStS who have fed from their
native land. One of the most active ID
DR.. Syngman Rhee, who years ago was
elected President of the Korean Pro-
vtSional Republic. Rhee has received
news of oppression and terrorism Of
Koreans by Japanese, he announced,
and the meeting voiced protest against
the alleged killings and arrests in Korea
recently carried on by the japanese
military and police. The resolutions of
protest are addressed to President
Hoover, the League of Nations and the
press Of the world.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

PALESTINE-On April 3. upon the
occasion of submitting to the British
House of Commons the report of the
committee SHAW committee) appointed
by the British government to study the
causes of the disturbances of August
last in Palestine and to suggest means
of preventing recurrence thereof, Pre-
mier Macdonald declared that great
Britain would continue to govern Pales-
tine, under the League OF Nations
mandate providing for establishment In
Palestine of "a national home for the
Jewish people without prejudice to the
civil and religious rights of the non
Jewish community" and added:
"A double undertaking is involved
to the Jewish people on the one hand
and TO the non-Jewish people of Pal
estine on the other-and it is the firm
resolve of his majeSty's government TO
give effect in equal measure to both
parts of the declaration and to do equal
justice to all sections of the population
of Palestine. That Is a duty from
which it will not shrink and to the
discharge of which it will apply all the
resources at its command.
Mr.. Baldwin, on behalf of the Con-
servatives, and Mr.. Lloyd George, on
behalf of the Liberals, expressed con-
currence.
CHINA.-On April 2 Yen Hsi-Shan
formally assumed Office as commander
in-chief of the national land and
naval ana air forces, at the same time
manife04ng his intention of leading
those fNrces to 1.-The salvation of the
Kuomintang and the nation, the
Kuomintang having become the person.
al instrument of Chang Kai-Shek." The
manifesto proceeds thus: while cor
ruption and bribery are openly prac-
ticed, no one dares protest. Also, while
bandits infest the land, the government
remains Indifferent. Indeed, the party
has ceased to be party; the govern
ment has ceased to be government:
the nation has ceased to be a nation
The bandits, mostly, we are told, of
vivid vermilion complexion, do, indeed
infest the land, most outrageously, it
would seem, in Kiangsi Province.
X y X X
HAITI.-Last week I briefly noticed
the report of the commission which, by
President Hoover's direction, recently
investigated conditions in Haiti. In
view of its bearing on our entire Latin
| tice seems indicated" The following
is a digest of the main recommends
tons of the report:
1. That detail of naval and Marine
officers for Haitian service before a
minimum of four years, so that they
may become proficient in the language
and we'll conversant with conditions.
2. That effort be made to obtain as
civilian employees in Haitian govern
ment service Americans who shall agree
to stay on the job so that, when the
treaty expires 1885, there shall be a
suitable body of American doctors, en-
gipeers and police officers (available for
continued assistance to the Haitian gov
eminent, should it then desire it,.
g. That the Haitian government be
impressed with the importance of prop
er upkeep of existing roadways, such
upkeep to take precedence OF new con-
struction.
4. "That it be suggested to the Hal
tan government that it employ one
American adviser in eackp administra-
! tive department Of the government te
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06
Songs for Marchers
Compiled by Fascist

Italy's "avanguardisti," or Fascist
cadets, may no longer stride to the tune
Of popular marches unless these are
contained in special song book which
the Fascist Littorio press has Issued
The series opens with a new version
Of the Fascist hymn "Giovinezza," or
Youth" according to which "all
Italians throughout italy have been re-
made by II Duce for the war Of tomor-
row." A similar strain inspires the
hymn Of the "avanguardisti," VINO are
old to march with the courage of the
,trong who fell in the dawn of youth"
Others include the March Of the
Legions" and a collection of songs
sung by Fascist bands on the eve Of
the revolution. The national "Balilla, I"
or Boy Scout institution, compiled the
book, which lists about % songs, vfr.
tually all Of Q martial character.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

wind whipped plains has been cut by
deep gashes of flame, the silence broken
by the crack of rifles and fleshy thud
Of bodies falling. There have been plots
and counter-plots For war has come
to the steppes. The principles Of Com
munism have militantly invaded that
ancient domain of individualism, the
farm. Soviet grain elevators are fired
by irate kulaks, frantic with rage at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

their dispossession. and Soviet agents
are shot from ambush in a vain attempt
to discourage the government in its
vigorous campaign to socialize the land
There are retaliations by the state;
often offenders are sent through brief
trial to face firing squad. But all this
bloodshed is trivial in the light Of the
stupendous social and economic up
heaval that is uprooting the peasantry,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

A N important step in the develop
" ment of international commune
IA cations was taken on Thursday,
4 \ when the flrst regular RADIO
falanhnna SArNira MAS artnh-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-06

Continued on Fourth Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-02
Everyday Psychology
Day Dreaming.
BY DIR. JESSE W. srRowLs.

You indulge in day dreams when you
have nothing particular to do. If you
have nothing on which to focus your
attention, that same attention will go
"wool-gathering" and find its own en-
ployment. You will find that you do
most of your day dreaming when you
are walking alone over familiar street
or road.
Some persons, especially mechanics,
BARRIERS, street car motormen, cobblers
and the like, day dream as they work.
They have become so familiar with
their work that they can perform it
without attending to 1t seriously. Day
dreams fill in the vacant gaps of at
tending to business" and help to tighten
the load of an otherwise monotonous
employment. Many traffic accidents
may be laid at the door Of day dreams,
where air castles are made, remade, and
sold for the price of moments in
diligence in unreality.
The worst sort of day dreams are
those that play around the idea OF re-
venge. Getting even" is usually headed
toward the useless side of life. Day
dreams of revenge are said to be BACK
Of every so-called intentional malefac-
ton. On the other hand, 1t may be
said that malevolent intentions are
sometimes prevented from going into
action through the simple mechanics
Of day dreaming them out.
copyright. i93oo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-02
OUR CHILDREN
BY ANGELO PATRL
Help as a Hindrance.

When you hear lecture, or a SER
mon, or neighbours conversation
which treats of children do YOU in1me-
diately think, There, I have made a
mistake with Junior. I'll begin tomor-
row morning Nand take new way with
him.
Be careful. You may be right. The
chances are that you know more about
Junior than anybody else knows and
that this treatment that might work
well with another Junior will not do
at all for yours. Study your own child
and deal with him as he is. Have
faith in your own experience and follow
1t until you find that the result is not
good. Then study the child again, re-
view your course and try again.
No two children are alike. What is
more, no two households carry the same
atmosphere, and the atmosphere of the
home has tremendous influence on its
children. In one home there is a
grandmother who is a supermother
She comforts the children, slips in a
little word of caution and of guidance
binds up all wounds and cheers mother
along. She inspires and leads a whole
family to peace and spiritual happiness.
In another home there is a grand
mother who is constant care, another
and more difficult child because she
will not try to help herself or anybody
else. immediately there is a vast diff
ference between the attitudes of the
children of the two homes. Carry this
out through the complete membership
of the family and 1t is clear that what