davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1930-06-09
PORTUGAL HONORS
ASSASS|N'S VICTIM
Burial of BaIigand, German
Minister, to Be Followed
by Inquest.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LISBON. Portugal, June 9-The body
of Dr. Albert Won Baligand, German
Minister to Portugal, who was shot and
killed Saturday by an assassin, lay in
state yesterday at the German legation.
Four sailors commanded by lieuten-
ant from the cruiser Koenigsberg formed
the guard of honor. Members of the
Portuguese cabinet and members of the
diplomatic corps calling at the legation
filed before the casket to pay final
tribute.
The cabinet met in an extraordinary
session yesterday and decided to give
Dr. Baligand a state funeral today. All
public departments, legations and war
ships in the harbor will fly flags at
half mast. The government suspended
all official receptions.
President Carmona yesterday cabled
long message of sympathy to Presi-
dent Hindenberg of Germany The
diplomatic corps, assembled in the Bra
lillian embassy, addressed condolences to
Foreign Minister Curtius through Coun-
cillor Busch.
At the funeral today, which will be
held according to the ritual of the
Catholic Church, the whole Lisbon
garrison, naval detachments, two squad
rons Of cavalry, two companies of field
artillery the crews of the German war
Oscar II will participate The body will
be buried in the German Cemetery here
temporarily, pending transportation to
Germany. An inquest will be held after
the funeral
Franz Piechowoskis trial on charge
of assassinating DR.. Baligand is set for
next week.
Evening star., 1930-06-09
TRANSIENT IS HELD
THREAT TO NATION
P0liCeWomen Assert Problem
Is Serious and of Inter-
national Scope.

BY the Associated Press.
BOSTON, Mass, June 9.-The ha-
bitual vagrant transient was pictured as
q menace, and the transient delin-
quents on the Mexican and Canadian
borders were portrayed as a serious in
ternational problem by speakers at the
sixteenth annual conference of police
women here yesterday.
Miss Mary Gainey. a member of the
Women's Bureau of the Washington po-
lice, said that while the transient de-
linQuents on the American border,
many of them deporteeS. were a prob
lem of international scope. statistics
and data concerning them were lack
ing. She urged that a study be made
before the annual gathering of the
association next year.
Miss Gainey said immigrants, de-
portees and girls released from prisons
in Los Angeles often gravitated toward
the international boundary between San
Diego and Tia Juana and became
serious social and moral problem.
She said that certain questions in
volving the deportation of minors, of
unwed mothers and of their children
remained TO be cleared up.
Mrs. Grace G. Nesbit, head of the
Policewomens Bureau of Jacksonville,
Fla, described the habtual transient
vagrant as a menace to the stability of
the community, often a criminal of the
deepest dye and disease carrier OF
the worst kind
Evening star., 1930-06-09
DROPPING OF LACE DUTY
BRINGS BOON TO EDGE
Envoy Thanked for Attitude by
Calais Business Men, Where At
mosphere Is Peaceful.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CALAIS, France, June 9.-Ambassador
Edge emerged Saturday from what
he described as "double-barreled bar
rage" of American tariff criticisms at
Roubaix and Tourcoing and came to
Calais into an atmosphere of peace be-
cause Congress has dropped proposed
increased duties on lace.
Instead of list of troubles, the
Ambassador was given thanks because
Calais feels that the menace of ruin
has been lifted.
I'VE know" said Leon de CroiX,
president of the Chamber of Commerce,
at a luncheon, that you were favorable
to our cause in this difficult question
and 1 beg you to accept an expression
of all our gratitude"
Ambassador Edge expressed admira-
ton for the beautiful work he had seen
at the lace factories and his Satisfac-
ton with his visit to the northern in
dustries believing that "the atmosphere
has been greatly cleared and that what
might have been an unnecessary and
unfortunate misunderstanding has been
dissipated by our visit"
Evening star., 1930-06-09
KILLED WHEN LEG
TANGLES PARACHUTE
Jumper Falls 1000 Feet Struggling
to Free Shrouds From
Body.
BY the Associated Press.

WESTFIELD. N. j., June 9.-FTanklin
jumper, was killed yesterday when his
legs became entangled in the shrouds
OF his parachute and prevented it form
opening while he was making a jump
Planning to make delayed" drop.
the young man went tumbling head over
heels into space. He pulled the rip cord
and the pilot parachute went between
his legs The shrouds caught around
his right leg in such way as to keep
the parachute from opening completely.
During the remaining 1900 feet of his
1000 foot drop he struggled to free his
leg, but failed, landing on his head.
His neck was broken.
Evening star., 1930-06-09
BANDIT DIES IN CAR
AFTER HOLD-UP FAILS
Body Found in Auto Abandoned by
Woman Driver After Run
ming Gun Fight.
Ry the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
WILBURTON. Okla. June "a trio
of bank bandits. which included a
woman, was sought today by peace
officers who early yesterday shot and
killed their companion, James c..
BargSley. in an attempted burglary of
the TuSkahoma Bank.
Bargsley, wounded in a running gun
fight which took place when officers
found the bandits attempting to force
open the bank door, died in the car,
driven by a woman, in which the
bandits escaped The automobile,
containing his body, was abandoned
in sight of the Latimer County Jail
here, 80 miles north of the scene of
the attempted robbery.
The officers, who answered the
robbers orders to throw up their hands
with a fusillade of shots, were un-
injured.
Evening star., 1930-06-09
TWO SPANISH PRIESTS
ARE HELD BY BANDITS
Chinese Demand Arms and Am
munition as Ransom for
Missionaries.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
HANKOW, China, June 9.-Fathers
Hidalgo and Avioto, Spanish priests,
were kidnapped from HWoshan, about
$50 miles northeast of this city in
western Anhwei Province, it was learned
yesterday, presumably by the same
bandits who a week ago captured
Father Clifford King at the Catholic
Mission at Sinyangchow, 100 miles north
of here in Southern Honan.
The bandits demanded ransom in the
form of supplies of arms and am
munition.
Outlaws in large bodies have been
operating in this district for several
weeks
Evening star., 1930-06-09
DIVORCES HELD LEGAL
Mexican Justice Explains Situation
Arising From One Annulment.

MEXICO CITY, June (P).-Justice
Francisco Diaz Lombardo yesterday set
at rest the minds of many Mexicans
and Americans who had obtained
divorces in Cuernavaca, State of
Morelos.
The third division of the Supreme
Court last week threw a cloud over the
Curenavaca divorces by revoking one
issued there on the ground that the
Morelos law was invalid, but Justice
Lombardo, who presides over that
division, announced yesterday the
decision affected only the case in which
granted. He said the constitution for
bids the automatic annulment of all
aAAAs hY o decision on one.
Evening star., 1930-06-09
CAPONE STATE WITNESS
ON PADLOCKING CHARGE
Gang Leader Summoned in Hearing
on Petition CHASING His Pala-
tial Home a Nuisance.
BY the Associated Press.


MIAMI, Fla, June 9-"Scarface"
AL Capone, Chicago gangleader, has
been summoned as a State witness
in the hearing of a petition to pad
lock his palatial Miami Beach resi-
dence as a nuisance
Capone led the list of defense wit
nesses, but it was learned he and a
number of his associates and friends
have been named in State sub
poenases for the hearing, to be held
in circuit court Tuesday.
The petition was instituted by State
Attorney N. Vernon Hawthorne as one
of number of steps taken by Miami
and Dade County authorities seeking
to discourage Capone's part-time or
permanent residence here.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1930-03-06
Food Habits on Saint Lawrence
 Island, Alaska
Ascertained by Otto Wm. Geist of the Bunnell-Geist Expedition
By LOLA M. CREMEANS

The food habits of any people can best be ascertained by actual first hand contact This contact was made by Otto Wm. Geist who for three years lived with the Es- kimo and ate his food. The fact that MT. Geist learned to like foods which were at first distasteful to him, by eating a little each day un- til tolerance and then an actual craving for the food was developed, is evidence of our ability to learn to like any food which is well pre- pared and served to us.
 Let us suppose that we are now about to enter upon day with an Eskimo family on St. Lawrence Island. Very early in the morning the wife arises while the other members of the household sleep. She pulls down a large copper kettle of water which has been hanging all night above the seal oil lamp. She throws in a handful of tea and puts it close to the blaze made by the moss wick in the seal oil lamp. When the tea has boiled until very strong, it is allowed to settle and is then served to the various members of the family, who are still in bed.
 
 dress and gather in a circle, sit ting cross-legged on the floor while the woman brings on the first course for breakfast. This usually consists of frozen, raw meat just brought from the meat cache and served on a large wooden platteg In case there are two small families living together, as is often the case. one large piece of meat is placed on each end of the platter and a mincing knife is placed beside each. As the mother slices the meat and serves it to the family. who eat with their fingers, she cuts little bites and tastes now and then but she really does not eat with the others. There is no need for cut lery, other than knife, and plates would be superfluous. Usually blub- Der accompanies the meat and bites of meat and blubber are alternated.
 During the first course a pot of fish may be boiling near by. This hot fish is scattered over the com munity plate and each person helps himself. The fish (cod, tom cod and sculpin) may be eaten raw or cooked, dried or frozen. The dried fish is usually dipped into oil as it is eaten. The oil is placed in a wooden bowl for this purpose. How ever the St. Lawrence Islanders are not the fish eating type of Eskimo, as are the group on the coast be- tween Unimak Pass and the mouth of the Yukon. The former are a Siberian type and have habits sim liar to those on the Siberian coast.
 If this breakfast were being served to guests or were it some special occasion, a third course might be added and elassed as a delicacy. This would consist oi some raw liver in partial state oi decomposition. The liver might have putrid odor and very sour, bitter taste but that would only en- nance it to the palate of the Es- kimo Another delicacy that could be substituted is walrus intestines, boiled either in water or seal oil and served on a platter. The intes- tines are usually cleaned, braided in strands of four, often with a strip of blubber braided in, and then cut in pieces.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1930-03-06
Tea Is Served

We are now ready to partake of the final course. Everything is cleared away and the tea table, consisting of a square board with real china cups and saucers on it, is brought in and set on the floor. A few still use wooden cups and some use tin cans but the majority have china cups now. We note the absence of silver because the Eski- mo has need for only one piece of silver and that is a knife. Not even a spoon is necessary with the tea because he drinks the tea always from the saucer. The cube sugar is placed inside the cheek and the tea slipped through it. This is done because they like the flavor and also to conserve the sugar.
 Perhaps the modern women who finds the dishwashing task irk-som would prefer the Eskimo way. As We watch the clearing of the break fast table we note the absence oi this loathsome task. Mrs. Eskimo needs no tea cart because there is no kitchen, since the living room serves this purpose. She needs no sink because the wooden platter is merely scraped and put away for the next meat. Dish towels. haine unnecessary, are not included in the Eskimo girls hope chest"
 After breakfast shall we accom- pany Mir. Eskimo on the water hunt for food? Confident ir his
The Wrangell sentinel., 1930-03-06

Why not now? You will do it later, anyway. Bread 10 cents a loaf at the American Bakery.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1930-03-06

do not eat so much of it. There are several varities of edible seaweed to be found on the beaches espe- cially after storms, all of which may be eaten raw or boiled. Some of these weeds are braided and | dried for winter use. Thus we see that the iodine content of the diet may be adequate.
 The Nunivak sour greens" are very delicious. according to Mr. Geist, who says they are made by fermenting green plants in a seal poke or, as nowadays, in barrels. This mixture, however, is non-in- toxieating. It is frozen and is us- ually opened up for spring worship. This frozen mixture is shaved up and, by mixing it with seal oil, sugar and water Eskimo Ice Cream" is produced This mixture is again frozen and so served Other greens which grow wild in the hills are willow root, willow leaves, and sazifraga Nelsonlana The lat ter is plant first described by Dr. Nelson, former chief of the United States Biological Survey, who spent some time in Alaska. The small green leaves are soaked in seal oil and eaten with blubber and dry meat. This process would correspond somewhat to our salad marination. The tender roots of the tundra willow are gathered for food. The outer bark only is eaten; the remaining parts of the roots are tied in bundles for kindling wood. This willow bark too, is eaten with meat and blubber. A supply of these foods is dried for winter uses. Another way of getting roughage in the diet is by eating the tough skin and hair which is left on the walrus meat. The hair is from one half to one inch long and is con- sidered an edible portion.
 No dairy products are included in the diet. The young are nursed by the mother until three or four years of age. Since the teachers and missionaries have come, the mother who is unable to nurse the child or have another nurse it, can pro- cure canned milk. However, many still remember that in such cases the infant was fed blubber from birth and apparently thrived. Some bird eggs are available and birds, such as eiderducks and sea gulls, are also eaten. The greatest deli cacy in this line is the auklet, ob- tained as soon as matched and either | immediately eaten raw, or pre- served whole in seal oil until a de- | lightful sour stage is reached. Young cormorants are taken from the nests before they can fly, stripped of the larger feathers, hung by the neck until aged. and then boiled and eaten.
 Mir Geist feels that perhaps the Eskimos might have had chewing gum long before we did. Their native gum is made by concentrat- ing the overflow oil from the seal lamps to a tarry residue. This is used as chewing gum but they pre- fer the white mans gum and chew great deal. The gum is never thrown away but new pieces are added and it is customary to divide or loan this to another.
 Eskimo Diet Not 0verbalanced
The Wrangell sentinel., 1930-03-06
Eskimo Diet Not 0verbalanced

While the Eskimo diet does not follow our dietary standards, it seems reasonable that he may be getting more minerals and vita mines than we imagine, due to the use of raw foods, greens, fish and animal internal organs. Although water is often scarce, they drink lots of ice water. Investigation shows that until recently their teeth were very good. The Eskimos, themselves, intimate that the sugar in the cheek" habit has caused tooth decay. The women, as a rule, have better teeth than the men. The men have tobacco stained teeth now. Although tooth brushes are unknown, the chewing of skins, hair and boot soles, together with the use of other roughage, seems to act as a substitute. In case of tooth decay, pulling is the only remedy known. AS yet, they do not know hOM lO hoS oAA hS" AOONo in by the white mans trading boat. They usually buy all the candy on the boat, sit down and eat it on the spot. Some canned fruit is pur- chased but that, too, is consumed immediately with no attempt to distribute it's use through the year. The chief food commodities ob- tained through barter from the trading boat which comes about once a year are flour, sugar and tea, and a little coffee. Hardtack is included in this list in some of the larger villages. People now on the island still remember the first floor which came to the island by shipwreck Thinking it was value less, barrels of it were dumped into the water in order to make use of the containers.
 These are facts related by MT. Geist from actual experience. The food habits set down refer speci- fically to the Eskimo of St. Law renee Island. North Col legian.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1930-03-06
All Meals Are Much Alike

The other meals of the day are very much like the breakfast. They may be varied with a few other foods at certain seasons of the year. The bear berry Ca small black ber- " obtained from a perennial which grows on the lowlands) is eaten raw. The salmon berry Ca rather insipid reddish yellow berry some what like the blackberry is found in small quantities during a season of about two weeks during the year. These berries are gathered about half ripe and are usually boiled in a mush of flour and water, sweet ened and served warm as a dessert. This is eaten with two fingers. This same pudding may be made with out the berries.
 The salad course may be an oc- casional part of the meal and, in- deed, 1t is very different from ours, Tn the summer, seaweed is eaten, especially by the women, who some times make a whole meal of it on account of it's laxative quality. The
Evening star., 1930-11-30

derrick floor. They gave feeble cheer, though
spent by days and nights Of ceaseless work, and
then hurried to the bunkhcuse to get bit Of
rest and to smoke cigarette, comfort they
had not known for hours. They lay down with
their boots on, fearful that they would be called
out again almost any minute by q roar that
would shake the neighborhood as the "Stout
Fella" again broke its leashes.
Had the STOUT Fella" caught on fire the
Southwest perhaps would have had its worst
oil fire. Only expert engineering and mirac-
ulous good luck prevented the holocaust that
might have killed a score of workmen and
threatened thousands Of homes. The South
west has had hundreds of oil and gas fires
since oil was discovered there SOME years ago.
1t has become quite accustomed to seeing these
blazing torches faring up against the SKY, and
the heroic exploits involved in extingufShing
them have became as commonplace to the<oil
fraternity as daring featS Of life saving are 10
our city firemen. But never has it seen II
gusher like the "Stout Fella" go up in smoke
and the citizens of Oklahoma City, fairly trem-
bling as they envision the havoc that might
have been wrought, avow that they never do
want to see such q big one catch on fire.
But oil and gas fires are actualitieS in the
ell fields, and extinguishing them calls for the
Evening star., 1930-11-30
By Frank Harrel.

utmost daring and courage on the part Of the
oil field crews. Within the last year two
"gassers' in the Oklahoma City field burned
three and seven days, respectively Out in
California the Kettleman pool and the Santa
Fe Springs pool have been notorious for oil
and gas fires, having even had two burning at
one time. Down in the Seminole field, In
Oklahoma, the Little River gas blowouts were
the fercest that oil men have ever encountered,
and at Monroe, in louisiana, and Fl Dorado,
in Arkansas, citizens have spent terrifying
nights while valiant frehghters have strug-
gled to snuff but giant earth candles.
Usually the oil companies use every means
at their command to put out their fires before
calling in expert aid. More than likely they
are successful, unless some unusual situation
exists. When the engineer reaches the point
where he believes that one good trick is better
than a hundred poor ones he usually sends for
TEX" Thornton, who is called by the Texas
Co. "the one-man fire department of the oil
fields"
''Tex" is not overly large person, rather
thin and wiry, and only "a, who has earned by
his featS of daring the plauditS of the operators
throughout the Southwest His face Is prema-
turely wrinkled by frequent exposures to the in
Evening star., 1930-11-30

been passed around Suddenly the warning
rumble is heard, the "head" increases and
presently the derrick is obScured in a mist of
oh-laden gas Or, If it is a "gasser" the
fearful roar of the colorless gas and the flying
pieces OF timber and debris are the only indi-
cations that veritable hell has broken loose
Often these wells blow for Gays without
catching fire, while the workmen labor to con-
quer them. These are days full of dire ex-
pectancy. More than likely the dread of the
workmen IS fulfilled Suddenly with an ear
splitting cracking like huge sails being fiapped
and snapped in gale, the derrick is en-
veloped in flame The cracking gives way in
an instant to a mighty roaring and man has
released another volcano with his rotary drill
The gas flame is almost colorless, except for
the bright orange plume at the top. At night
when 1t spoutS hundred or so feet into the
blacEneSs and floods the plains or pine-cIad
hills with the bright orange light, the stem near
the base is blue and the top an even more
brilliant orange. The oil flame is a smudgy
orange now and then blackened completely by
the dense smoke which may be seen for a
hundred miles on clear day. On it's upward
squirt all Of the oil is not consumed and it
drops In fiery Splashes on the surrounding
terrain, starting hundreds of smaller fires that
are fed constantly by the main stream. Or
Evening star., 1930-11-30

~ RIVER of fire,
!: 4; 81 s. !; !: !: ! :: J: !" J :
m str e t C h ing for
~ miles through the
~ prairie, with its
hirlp ools of
- N flame, crashing
Evening star., 1930-11-30
GUSHERS of FIRE
There's Trouble ahead When Oil Cuo Gasr Catches Fire- often
Takes These

tense heat of the fires he fights
for a living. When TEX" arrives
on the scene no others need ap-
ply for jobs as firefighterS. He
takes the situation over entirely
and puts out the blaze single
handed. That is, he is the only
one who risks his life by going
into the blaze. OF course, he is
aided by machinery. boilers and,
if it is gas fire, by two or three
cans of nitroglycerin.
Thornton's speciality is gas fires,
but he will don his expensive
asbestos suit and wade right into
any kind of blaze. Gas fires he
snuffs out by carrying a 25 to 80
quart can of nitroglycerin directly
into the flame, to deposit it there
and hurry away before it is ex-
ploded electrically. No matter
how big the blaze is. Thornton is
ready to meet its challenge and.
by meeting it successfully, to win
several thousands of dollars and
the acclaim of his thousands of
buddies in the oil country. It is
not on record that he ever turned
his back on any fire, and his
boosters in the oil fieldS-and
they are many-claim that he
would walk right into the Old
Fiery Pit itself If there were
enough money in it.
While TEX" Thornton is the
most noted Of the oil field fire.
fighters, there are hundreds of
other 'roughnecks" who have
regulations for fearlessness in
the face Of fire in their own
localities. Hardened by the
tough-enough everyday work of
the oil fields. the ordinary work.
man sees only a little difference
between the hazardous life Of the
ordinary routine and the spec
tacular action required by fire.
He Is used to clinging to the top
Of fiimsy derrick swaying in the
fierce wind of the prairie coun-
try. Winter and Summer alike.
He has stayed at his job while
lightning crashed all around,
working steadily so that his
owner could bring In his well ON
time. Coated with the thick
slime of a spouting gusher, he
has labored to close the valves.
knowing that spark caused by
metal striking on metal would
send him to his grave a charred
and unrecognizable corpse. Out
OF any well crew a dozen or so
fellows may be found who are
willing to risk their lives to save
the owners property and the
surrounding wells from destruc-
tiOS1