davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16
The Political Report Of the Central Committee to the XVI Party Congress
2fde Communist ary Of the Soviet Union 1896
Comrade J. Stains Address on June II,

formed the more firmly the feminist unity of
its own ranks. Nobody any longer disputes
the fact that the Party has never gathered so
closely around it's C. c. as today. All are
compelled to acknowledge that today the Party
is more united and firmly welded than ever
before. and that the 10th Party Congress is
one Of the few Congresses of our Party at
which there is united opposition capable of
opposing its own line to the general line of
the Party.
To what does the Party owe it's undisputed
achievements? They are due to the fact that
in it's struggle against the devations it has
invariably pursued policy based on princi-
pies, and has never descended to combinations
behind the scenes, or to diplomatic bargaining
Lenin told US that the policy based on prin-
ciples is the sole right policy. We have
emerged as victors from the struggle against
the deyations for the reason that we have
consistently and sincerely followed this trust
bequeathed TO Us by Lenin. (Applause.)
Comrades, | now come to the conclusion Of
my address.
What is the general conclusion to be drawn?
During the period just passed we have been
able to record decided successes on every front
of socialist construction. We have attained
these successes because we have proved able
to hold aloft Lenns great banner. If we in
tend to be victorious, we must continue to hold
aloft Lenn's banner and we must keep it
clean (Applause.)
This is the general conclusion which we
must draw.
Under Lenin's banner we won the victory in
the struggle for the October revolution
Under Lenins banner we have attained de-
cisive successes in the struggle for the vic
tory of the building up of Socialism.
Under this same banner the prolearian
revolution will be victorious all over the world
Long live Leninism! Enthusiastic and pro-
longed applause. Ovations in the whole hall.)
Comrade Stains concluding speech will
be published in the next issue of the Daily
W0rker.-EditOr.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16
III. The Party

ton in the interests of unifcation." Consider
this: Separation for unification 1t sounds
like a paradox. But again this "contradlc-
tory" formula mirrors that living truth OF
MarXist dialectics which enables the Bolshe-
visits to storm the most inaccessible fortresses
in the territory of the national question.
The same must be said of the formula of
national culture: Highest development of the
national cultures land languages) in the per
iod of the dictatorship of the proletariat in
one country, for the purpose of preparing the
conditions for their dying out and unificaton
in one uniform socialist culture with COM
mon language in the period of the victory of
Socialism all over the world.
Those who fail to grasp this popularity and
contradiction" Of our. period of transition,
hese dialectics of the historical process, are
lost to MarXism.
1t is the misfortune of our opportunists that
they do not comprehend Marxst dalectics and
10 not want to comprehend them.
That is how the matter STANDS with regard
to the deviation towards Greater Russian
'hauvinism.
1t is not difficult 81 understand thae ihs
deviation refle' Is the endeavors of the disap-
bearing class a. the former ruling Great Rus,
sian nation to regain their lost privileges.
tience the danger of Greater Russian chauv
nism is the chief danger threatening the
'arty in the national question.
What is the nature of the deviation to-
ards local nationalism? This consists OF the
leavor to shut out the outer world and re-
main within national confines; to conceal the
class antagonists within the nation itself, to
safeguard against Greater Russian chauvinism
by means Ct turning aside from the common
work of bEdIng up Socialism; the endeavor
not to see anything which brings the wol king
masses of the natonalities of the Soviet
closer to one another, and to see only that
which can separate them.
The deviation towar.:s local nationalism
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16

Continued
Ii NAV appear remarkable that we, who are
believers in the merging of national cultures
in one culture uniform in form and content,
and with one common language, should at the
same time be advocates of the highest develop
ment of national cultures at the present mo-
ment, during the period of the proletaran dc
tstorship. But there is nothing remarkable
about it. The national cultures must be given
the opportunity of developing and advancing,
of revealing their powers, in order first to
create the conditions for unification in one uni
form culture with one common language. That
these cultures, national in form and socialist
in content, should be developed to the full
under the conditions given by the proletarian
dictatorship in one country, to the end that
they may merge in one unified socialist Tin
form and content) culture with one common
language after the proletariat has been vic
torious all over the world and after Socialism
has become established in the habits of life
of the people--it is precisely here that we
find the dalectics of the feminist method of
dealing with the question of national culture.
1t might be asserted that such view OF
the question is contradictory" But have
we not the same contradiction" in the ques.
ton Of the state? We are in favor of the
whitening away of the tate. At the same time
we further the strengthening of the dictator
ship of the proletariat, which is the strongest
and mightest state power which has ever
existed. The highest development of state
power for preparing the conditions for the ex-
tincton of state power, this is the Marxist
formula This is contradictory? Yes indeed
it is contradictory. But this contra fiction
has its basis in real life and is true reflec-
ton of MarXi5t dialectics.
Or let US take the feminist method Of deal
ing with the question of the right of nations
to self determination. including separation.
Ienin. often reduced the thesis of national self
determination to a simple formula: "Separa-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16

fleets the discomfort felt by the disappearing
classes OF the once oppressed nations with the
regime of the dictatorship of the proletarat,
and their endeavor to hold themselves apart
in their own national state, and to establish
their own class rule there
The danger of this deviation lies in its breed.
ing bourgeois natonalism, in its weakening
the unity of the working peoples of the So
Wet Union, and playing into the hands of the
interventionists
This is the essence of the deviation towards
local natonalism.
1t is the task of the Party to combat this
deviation determinedly, and to secure the nee
essary conditions for the internationaist edu-
cation of the working masses of the peoples
of the Soviet Union.
These then are the deviations in our Party,
the Left and Right deviations in the sphere
of general politics, the deviatons in the ma
tional question
That is our inner Party situation.
Now that our Party has emerged victorious
from the struggle for the general line, and
the feminist line of the Party has triumphed
along the whole front, many are inclined to
forget those difficulties which the various OPP
portunsts occasioned us in the course of our
work. And more than this, there ale some
comrades of Philistine trend who still believe
that we could have managed without the
struggle against the opportunists 1t need
not be said that these comrades are greatly
mistaken. 1t is only necessary to cast a
glance backwards at the heroic deeds Of the
Trotskysts and Right opportunsts, to recoI-
lect the history of the struggle against the
deyiations in the period just past in order to
realize the complete hollowness and useless
ness of these Philistine attitudes in the Party.
There can be no doubt that we should not
have attained those successes of which our
Party is so justly proud, had we not curbed
the opportunists and defeated them in open
combat.
Our Party has grown and become stronger
in the struggle against the deviations from
the feminist line. In this struggle it has
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16

in this case was only to give the bosses time
to force the workers to work and not to
spread the strike throughout the other depart
ments.
New Wage Scale.
Then, on August 4, when the new scale was
put in effect, the company was already pre-
pared with imported workers brought in from
other cities and in the meanwhile lay-off in
the tin mill prepared a large reserve Of men
to replace those workers who refused to work
under the conditions of the new wage scale.
The police force of the Bethlehem Steel Co.
was brought into the mill to intimidate the
workers back into submission, but even
many workers, rather than go back under The
miserable conditions, quit the job. The old
mills in the sheet mill were also shut down
to have men for the other mills.
Piece Work
On the piece-worl basis the catchers, match
ers and doubers were reduced So too 81 day.
roller came in from Warren with crew
OF men, but returned when he found out about
the conditions here in Sparrows Point The
laborers have been forced to do any Job in
the hot mills for 81 cents an hour Crane
men, handling heavy, dangerous loads for
eight hours get only As cents an hour, hook
ers following the crane all day in many dan
gerous parts OF the mills get only 80 cents
hour.
There is placed on each turn a group of
thugs and strong men, who have nothing to do
but walk up and down and intimidate the men
and spy on them. The bosses and superinten-
dent are especially active in walking through
the mills at intervals to force the men to work
The company is figuring to cut the 8-men
crew on the mills to five men. Also they are
planning to install the patent shears that
means the loss of jobs to many men.
Play Off Men.
On the day of the strike the workers were
called before the superintendent of the tin
mills and asked whether they were satisfied
with the wage-cut, and many workers an
swered: How do you expect us with our fam
lilies to exist such starvation pay?" The
superintendent shrugged his shoulders and
said: well, we had worse times than this
Remember 1907, when the workers were get
ting only 81 and $3.50 day." This was the
answer the workers got to feed themselves
and family with at home. The workers we're
not organized for the strike but they will
learn that the only way to beat down the at
lacks Of the bosses, who want to lower the
standard of living Of the workers lower and
lower Is to organize into the Metal Workers
Industrial League and build the shop commit
tees OF the department and prepare to strike
against the miserable conditions
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16

only partially and with a wage cut
Sparrows' Point is no exception When the
mills reopened, eight sheet steel mills were
changed to CONT. GUS running time, with
enormously increased production per man. A
turn in the old mills produced abou. 10000
pounds, now it puts out 10000 pounds. I'M
mediately, also, the beet mill workers got
twenty-five and half per cent cut in wages
When they quit in an unorg gained strike,
the tin mill workers were used to replace Them.
and without the promised August / raise in
pay. Instead, these new men got an additional
ten per cent cut and now begin to see the
need of organizing in the Metal Workers In
dustrial League, and staging real fight. A
new strike is on, but organization is needed
to bring out the rest Of the mill and make it
win.
This case is typical. Speed-up, wage cuts.
unorganized strikes.
The whole industry follows this same gen
eral line Unemployment continues Recent
ly, in East Chicago, 1900 young workers we're
laid off at the Inland Steel Co In other de-
partments, three days work week is usual.
At Sault Sainte Marie, Mich, the Algoma
Steel Corporation laid off 200 indefinitely
because of "lack of steel rail orders"
Recent wage cuts are announced at Young
stown, Philadelphia Pittsburgh, everywhere
The Metal Conference.
The Metal and Steel National Conference
called together by the Metal Workers Indus
trial League on June ID found such condi-
tons throughout the industry. 1t found too
the beginnings Of movement of the steel
workers toward organization. They can not
go into the A. J.. L. The sabotas of the 1919
strike by the A. F. L. unions Ikles still in
their minds, so much SO that 1t must be care.
fully explained to all that the Me al Workers
Industrial League has nothing to 90 with tn
A.. f. L. except to call all workers still in .he
old unions to repudiate the treacherous poll
cies Of the A. T. l..
The situation now among the disiusioned
unemployed and part time Steel WORKERS and
the masses still at WORK un,ei speed up anu
long hours and low wages, is ripe for organ
izaton. On organization. fighting for shop
demands and higher wages and shorter hours
side by side with demands to te'ie care OF til.
half OF them who are Unemployed, they must
depend
And they must row realize. with the thou.
sands Of unemployed at the mill gates, that
the fight for the Workers Social Insurance
Bill to keep the jobless alive ard n-aintain them
VII out the nacd Of sceb5ioG, is central point
Of thair Struggle.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16
Steel Workers Must Organize Shop
Committees

and the whole steel industry runs at an aver
age of 81 per cent of capacity. The big u. S.
Steel Corporation boasts of 63 per cent, but
many of the Independents run at so or less,
And it won't get better right away Iron
Age, the journal of the steel employers says:
Nothing within the present vision of the
steel industry indicates improvement of the
colorless market. In fact, such adverse
factors as drought, sluggish retail mar
ket for automobiles, surplus railroad equip
ment and declining 1oregn trade are per
haps more accumulated"
And what of the workers in such con
dition?
Ever since the great betrayal, the failure of
the American Federation of Labor unions to
support the huge steel strike of 1919, the steel
workers have been unorganized except for
very few of the skilled mill workers, who be-
long to the Anal gamated Association of Iron
Steel and Tin Workers, and, in the machinery
branches, few machinists, auto workers, etc.
Recently the first real attempt since 1919
to organize these masses in the most basic
and fundamental of modern industries las
begun under the banner of the Trade Union
Unity League and it's Metal Workers Indus
trial League.
Looting Their Workers.
The steel workers badly need organization.
Since 1919 the employers, holding tight to a
rigid anti-union policy; have consolidated their
victory, have reapei the profits of it. They
have speeded production. have substituted new
and ever more labor displacing machinery,
have cut down the crews, and have made one
man do the work of two or three or more.
Even when the mills were working at over
80 per cent1of capacity, at this time last year
there was unemployment, speedy and terrific
exploitation.
With the beginnings of depression, the steel
employers earnestly set to- work to make the
workers bear the burden, and allow profits to
30 The bosses have been fairly success
full in this, up to recent times Between what
they saved by screwing down harder on the
workers, aid what they made by using I'M
divided sur pluses, dividends have been kept up
fairly, well.
But how the workers in the mills have suf-
fered for it! There has been for months
steady regime of speed-up and wage CUTS &C.
companiod by ever growing unemployment.
With the introduction of newer machinery, the
percentage of womer and young workers Goth
lower paid has increased. There are many
cases told of where men have been fired, have
starved, and then great concession, the
boss has hired their wives at half the pay to
run the same machine from which the husband
was discharged!
The case of Sparrows Point plant of the
B2ehiehem Steel Co. is typical.
In this plant the tin mill workers got ten
pcr cent wage cut Then the whole plant was
lail up for two eeks, 'for .'epairs." This
trick of stoppage for limited time is a fav-
orite one for all industries in the present
crisis. 1t looks innocent, it gives them =
chance to wait for orders to accumulate. and
it avoids confession that the crisis bites as
d-nniy rs it really does.
When the pant reorens, it usually does so
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16

find common ground against our Communist
Party the trade union question. They wall
about the danger of deserving the American
Federation of Labor. They cry against the
isolation from the masses which will newt
ably result from ''eXaggerating' the possibil
tiles of the ne,J revolutionary unions They
shout that we must reach the masses through
the A. F. of L. This opportunist sentiment
has even found echo within our Party in the
articles of Comrade Stahl, during the pre-
convention discussion
This point of view has roots in the history
of our Party. Even at the time of the Sixth
Congress of the Comntern in October, 1928
there was considerable speculation on the cues.
ton of a ossible new era of growth after the
A. F. of L. This point of view never con
sdered that the will of the masses might settle
this question. Nor did they conceive of the
Communist Party and revolutionary trade
unions as a factor in determining the "ill of
the masses. The workers are in fact writing
the answer to the renegades in bold letters
by leaving the A. F. of L. in hundreds of
thousands The right wing however has deve
oped scheme of possible historic Development
Realistically Jased on the will of the bourg
eoisie to force the working class into the A.
F. of l.. so as to have the situation more in
hand. Our Party has since left these pro
louhu 1nl1hefS 10 tneG speculative TASKS 2nG
proceeded with its own
T. Il. u. l..
While the A. F. of l.. continues to decline a
glorious opportunity for revolutionary trade
unionism opened with the successful Cleve
land conference which formed the Trade Union
Unity League. 1t is now about one year sine
that conference. thorough examination Of
that years work must be made. the shatres
and most constructive critical faculas rust
be brought to bear and then all possible fcrces
must be thrown in to help the Trad Union
Unity League become the great class december
of the workers that the historic moment calls
upon it to be.
The Fifth CONGRESS- of the Red lrter"a
tional of LABOR Unions, now mea'i~~, WI
unlo'.h'"'t' ~ e the lead nccessc, ; to ,c-
conpiish this tag
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16
Bethlehem Steel Workers Struck
Twice Against Wage-Cuts

THE bosses today, unable to solve the finan-
cial crisis and the diminishing markets, are
making every effort to force the burden on the
backs of the workers to keep up their profits,
and here in the sheet mills of the Bethlehem
Steel Co., located at Sparrows Point, there has
occurred within the last month and half two
wage-cuts, in addition to the introduction of
the sheet continuous mills" where produc-
ton has increased almost 100 per cent.
Speed Up Production.
Prior to the intro luction of the speed-up
mills, the workers on the mills had a rest
period or spell between heats, but now, on
the continuous mills, the workers are forced
to work continuously for eight hours without
any rest period, and all this goes on under an
excessive speed-up and intense heat.
A month ago about so per cent wage-cut
was made, considering the amount of increased
production made on the new mills. The work
ers struck for five hours, forcing the company
to let them work on the day rate instead of
the piece rate; but the company's submission
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16
Will Publish Overgaarde's
Article on Metal Workers
Next Week

pECEIV ED too late for publication in this
~ issue, an ar,ic.c by Andrew Overgaarde.
Secretary OF tie Neal Trades Industrial
League OF the Trade Union Unity League,
will be published early next week.
AnalyS'.s the crisis in the steel and iron
industry. and the savage a;ack Of the boss
es upon the living standards OF the work.
ers. Comrade Oycrgaarde tells how shop
committee should be built ana how weak
nesses in organizing the metal workers can
be corrected.
All metal workers should not fail to read
this Important article. Order your copy
OF The Daily Worker nov.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16
BY NERN SMITH.

eTEEL has. long been considered the barome
ter of business. When steel production
says, even the capitalists admit there is a
crisis. The reason, of course, is that this is
really the iron age. Steel is the fabric of
machine civilization.
Just now steel production is at low ebb,
nearly down to the lowest points of previous
crises in spite of various precarous and ar
tificial boosting of production for months.
Even before the crisis, more experienced OBJ
servers pointed out that the auto industry
was taking the place of railroads and building,
at that time a consumer of steel, and that
the steel industry was running on thin ice,
for at any moment the auto orders might fall
to nothing.
81 Per Cent Capacity.
Now, in spite of the preparation of war ma
terial, autos have stopped buying much steel,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-16

In the teStile industry, while the official A.
i. of L. FIGURES admit loss Of 5000 mem.
beers in tie Ar, can Feb alton If Textile
Operatives, the membership being reduced
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-03
SHIP LINES MERGER
GETS STEP NEARER
Officers of Roosevelt and In
ternationaI Mercantile
Admit Negotiations.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, August "A merger OF
the Roosevelt Steamship Co. and the
International Mercantile Marine Cor
poration appeared a possibility today
with confirmation of reports that con-
versations looking toward CONSOLE
dation of interests" had been held be-
tween officials of the two organizations.
Both Kermit Roosevelt, son OF the
former President and head OF the
Roosevelt Line, and p. A. Franklin,
president of International. denied how
ever that any definite agreement had
been reached, as had been reported In
shipping and financial circles.
The merger Of the two companies
would join fleets with an aggregate OF
20 ships, and make the company the
largest operator under the American
flag.
The Roosevelt Line operates "a
rnotorships between American ports
and the Far East and International
Mercantile Marine fleet Of as vessels,
grouped under five lines.
Among the International Lines are
the Panama Pacific. the Atlantic Trans
port, the Atlantic Transport, Ltd, the
Red Star and the Leyland Lines. The
latter three are under foreign registry
According to the reports Mr.. Frank
lin would head the merged company
with Mr.. Roosevelt as vice president
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-03
CHICAGO DOCTORS
URGE BABY MARK
Uniform System to Prevent
Repetition of Mix-up Is
to Be Drawn.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, August a. Confusion
over the identity of two babies born
June 80 at Englewood Hospital got on
cial recognition from the Chicago Med
ical Society today. A committee of the
society was appointed to draft legisla-
ton providing a standard system OF
marking newborn children at hospitals.
The committee appointment followed
a conference with Dr. Arnold H. Kegel,
city health commissioner. DR.. John r.
Harger, preSident-elect of the society,
said In making the announcement that
all of the citys hospitals had marking
systems, but that there was need for
uniform plan which provided sigma
lures of two witnesses in legal form.
The babies whose identity became
clouded in doubt were those born to
Mrs. Charles Bamberger and to Mrs.
william Watkins. The latter found
"Bamberger" tag on the infant she
brought home, and Watkins" label
was found at the Bamberger home. A
jury OF scientists decided the babies
had been mixed; jury of physicians
decreed they had not; the Bambergers
are certain they have the right child
and the Watkins are in doubt. The
case is now at O stsndstill pending a
suit brought by the Watkins asking a