davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
What Hughes Did for
American POIicy-HOIders
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
None Of Mr.. Hughes defenders. so far
as have seen, has given him proper
credit for the part he played in the in
Surance investigation of the early part
OF this century. In this case he was
tne antitnesiS OF the corporation law
yer, as ne attacked mercilessly and
utterly routed some of the largest and
most influential corporations in the
country, II not in the world. AT that
time all of the life insurance companies
oomlciled In the State Of New York and
many companies outside of the State
were using what was known as the
Tontine or Semi Tontine plan of insur-
ance. Under this plan the dividends or
savings due poltcyholderS which should
have been accounted for annually were
withheld for term of years, usually 20
years, and in case Of death or failure
to pay premiums were forfeited to the
company and went to pay large salaries
and swell sllSh funds.
Mr.. Hughes brought out the fact that
the president Of one of the New York
companies was receiving q salary of
100000 per annum. Also that huge
amounts were being used to sinfiuence
legislation. All of these Legitimate pur-
poses were made possible by the con-
hscation OF savings or dividends arising
AHANtSA VIZ &OAbAAAC~ RA0hs 4itC oCCuTlJY
OF the policy contract was not affected
adversely, but the cost of 1t to the in
dividual paying for it was and the bur-
den fell heaviest on the small policy
holder. 1t made little difference to the
man OF wealth that the cost of his in
surance was increased under the Ton
tine plan, but to the poor man strug-
Cling to keep small policy in force it
might well mean the loss Of the pro-
lection.
AS a direct result of Mr.. Hughes
work, legislation was enacted under
which all life insurance companies doing
business in the State of New York were
compelled to account annually to the
policyholder for the dividend or savings
under his policy.
This was the death blow to the Ton
tine or Semi Tontine plan Of the life In
surance, as 1t applied to all companies
doing business in the State of New
York, whether domiciled there or not.
The beneficial effects Of this legislation
are being felt in every town and village
In the land, wherever life insurance is
being carried.
Nothing that Mr.. Hughes has ever
done rebounds so much to his credit. It
is complete answer to all criticism
that has been leveled against him. No
man who has done as much for millions
of Main Street people as he has should
be accounted unworthy of the highest
honor at the hands of his countrymen.
CALEB S. MILLER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS

correspondence and other papers. Ex-
cepting Taft, who followed a similar
course. Mr.. Coolidge is the first of our
Presidents to turn over his private files
in this manner. Other Presidents have
retained their papers and letters for
the use Of themselves or their biogra-
pliers In subsequent publishing
ventures. The Coolidge papers, carefully
arranged by his secretary, Edward T.
Clark, fill so steel transfer cases and
are accompanied by a card-index file.
They will be rich mine of informa-
ton for future students of the history
of Mr.. Coolidge's administration" writes
DR.. Jameson. Deposited by him, they
are at present under his control in re-
spect to access or consultation" Ac-
QUESTIONS of further papers from Chief
Justice Taft and three boxes Of private
papers of the late Theodore Roosevelt
during the past year are noted.
Alabama, Arkansas and Texas now
stand as the only three Southern States
where the "HoovercratS" of 1928 are
still in various degrees of exile. Ala
bama bars them as candidates in the
Democratic primaries, though 1t well
comes them back as voters. Arkansas
bars the voters from the voting booth
as well as from the ballot only. The
Democratic party in Virginia and Ten
nessee' receives them with open arms.
National Democratic leaders have been
counseling policy of Cancellation all
along the line. but their advice in the
instances above noted has been disre-
garded.
~
Suggested for addition to the collec-
ton OF longest names is, the following:
HochfrequenZ-MaS chinen -Aktien -GeSell-
schaft-Duer- interchangeable This
Is the title of the German corporation
which ever since the war has been try
ing to recover a wireless station at
Tuckerton, N. j., seized as alien enemy
property. Suit has been recently issued
in the Supreme Court OF the District Of
Columbia against Howard Sutherland. as
alien property custodian, and Walter o.
Woods, Treasurer of the United States,
by the above-named German plaintiff.
(Copyright. 1s30)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

yielding from extreme points of view
nothing would be done and Yesterdays
action by the House has resulted. The
measure now goes into conference. and
it may be possible there to reframe IL in
some degree so as to lessen the objec-
tons to it.
In the debates over this measure there
has been evident an uncertainty a To
Just how 1t will work" In practice.
Some have declared that it win operate
to the disadvantage Of the lower-saIarfed
Government employees, others that it
will be hurtful to the upper grades.
There is always a conflict between the
two classes of Government workers
which 1t seems to be impossible to
compromise or adjust.
Government civilian retirement has
not worked out altogether as it was
hoped when the plan was first put
into operation. The compulsory, arbi-
trary separation from the active sery-
ice of men and women of fun COM
petence merely because they have
reached certain ages has worked in
justice and injury both to the Govern
ment and to the employees. The scale
of annuities has always been too low.
The pittances doled out to the elder
workers thus set aside from the lower
ranges of the pay scale have been
wholly inadequate to maintain the an
nuitants in decent comfort.
A great surplus of funds has been
piled up in the Treasury, contributed
to by the employees themselves through
deductions from their pay envelopes.
The theory of the law is that it is neces-
sary thus to establish a capital" fund
for the maintenance of the annuities,
with the Government paying only a
small percentage of the cost of retire.
ment. The Star has always held that
the Government should pay a larger
portion of the annuity, that the active
pay should not be severely cut to COM
pei the assumption of the burden by
the workers themselves. It holds now
that the scale should be liberalized
with the Government meeting q larger
share of the cost. This pending legis-
lation may not be the most suitable
means of effecting such change in
the policy of retirement. Eventually,
however, an amendment to this effect
should be adopted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
Nonstop Airmail Service.

Tests were conducted yesterday at
Hoover Field, near this city, of a new
device for the dropping and taking on
of mail pouches by airplanes in flight.
The operation of the appliance, a
broad-mouthed chute into which the
arriving" mail is drawn and from
which the going" pouch is taken with
the plane travelling at eighty miles an
hour, appears to have been fully salts
factory. Thus is aviation as a practi-
cal means of transport advanced by
successive developments.
This test revives memory of the early
devices for the transfer of mail pouches
to moving trains. Before this mode of
handling was provided it was necessary
to halt all trains at stations to receive
bags Of mail matter, perhaps only a
single letter. Otherwise the mails
moved out only once a day, by strictly
local service. A swinging-arm pro-
jector was contrived, forming a hook
upon which the bag was hung, later
ally, with the open end on the side OF
the trains direction. An engaging hook
was attached to the inside wall of the
mail car to catch the hanging bag and
swing it into the car. The first devices
were rather crude, but they worked
usually. Sometimes the train went toe
fast for the apparatus; occasionally the
bag was switched out of its holder and
flung to one side. even under the wheels
OF the train. Or the engaging hook in
the mail car did not function quite in
time and missed" the bag. But or
the whole it was an advance. Later
came improvements, until now the dis
patch Of mails without the hating Of
trains Is practically perfect.
In recent years outgoing mails from
rural post Offices have in considerable
proportion been transmitted to the
larger points Of transport or distribu'
ton by means of motor buses. It il
no longer necessary, in such instances
to wait for stopping railroad train o.
to hang the bag on its post to b.
! switched of by hook. Postal service
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
Return of Virginia Part
To the District Logical

To the Editor Of The Star:
The writer Is q firm believer in the
principle THAT, which Is logical must
come to pass" Therefore, Arlington
County must be returned to the District
Of Columbia.
It was just plain a-b-c logic when the
Father of His Country, our immortal
washington, in his great foresight and
wisdom, decided, when the location OF
the Capital of these great United States
was determined upon, that the future
Capital Of this Nation should occupy a
site extending on both sides Of the Poto-
mac River.
It is not to be doubted that Maj.
LEnfant and George washington both
decided that q beautiful, harmonious
and roundabout development OF the
city Of Washington could only take place
as q Federal responsibility through In
cluSion in the District of Columbia OF
territory on both banks of the Potomac.
The slicing OF in 1916 of the Viz
GINA portion of the original District OF
Columbia was not calmly and judicial
ly considered move by Congress. This
detachment of q vital and necessary
part of the District of Columbia was
obviously q hasty and ill-advised step,
taken at time when the Capital City
was yet in the infancy Of It's develop
ment. 1t was truly deplorable case OF
snap Judgment.
Today 1t is hard to understand how
Congress, as such, could have allowed
itself to listen sympathetically to the
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES agitation of q small
bloc OF narrow-minded individuals then
living only in the Virginia portion of
the District of Columbia.
The fear of the loss of their slaves on
the part Of a few influential persons
then living in the Virginia portion OF
the District Of Columbia had much to
90 with this cleavage. The few slave
owners involved entertained the fear
tnat unless they succeeded In breaking
away from the District of Columbia
their slaves would be freed by Federal
legislative action.
Should the narrow prejudices and
point OF view of q few locally residing
personS OF those early days in 1916 be
permitted to stand as a permanent bar
20 tne large-scale, orderly and proper
development OF the Nations Capital
To keep Arlington County out Of IFS
logical place as a part Of the scheme al
the city of Washington is to discredit
the wisdom and reflect on the memory
OF our great and immortal George
Washington.
Let the short-visioned controversial
lists stand aside, for the inevitable must
In due time become q reality. And It is
believed that this reality" viii not be
long delayed.
The interests of both the Nations
Capital City and the State of Virginia
are deeply concerned in this retroces-
sion question, and posterity will surely
acclaim the wisdom of the accomplish
ment OF this momentous event.
H. e. HAY,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
Russia's War Alarms
Classed as cold Trick

From the Spokane Spokesman Review.
1t was resourceful practice of the
Plantagenet and Tudor Kings of Eng
land, on noting domestic discomfort,
to beat the war drums against threat
ened invasion" from Spain, from
France and even from Holland.
Soviet Russia Is at that old game.
Affairs have not been going smoothly
with the proletarian dictatorship. There
have been uprisings Of peasants and
bloody armed clashes, many summary
executions Of "counter-revolution :"
SO the dictators are beating the war
drums.
TrotSky's successor, as head of the
Red army, issues horrifying manifesto
against the militaristic spirit and de-
signs OF the American people. Foreign
armies including the American, he
says, have grown enormously In recent
years.
Wherever there is an intelligent un-
Outstanding Of world affairs. these gross
exaggerations will be taken with
amusement. But Russia is stepped In
picions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

The resources of our free Informa-
ton Bureau are at your service. You
are invited to call upon 1t as often as
you please. 1t is being maintained
solely to serve you. What question
can we answer for you? There Is no
charge at all, except 2 cents in coin
or stamps for return postage. Address
your letter to The Evening Star In
formation Bureau, Frederic j. Haskin,
director, Washington. d. G.
Q. What is meant when 1t is said
that an airport has ALA rating?-
A. 1t is not intended that an ALA
rating convey the idea that the ulti-
mate in airport design has been pro-
v1ded. The first letter A means that
certain minimum standards of hangar
space and general facilities have been
met. The numeral / refers to the size
of the landing area, and the last. A
deals with the night-lghting equip
ment.
w. : G. What is Ell BF'ndsl'' fir't name'-
A. His first name is Elmer. Brendel
is popular motion picture actor.
@. What has become of John T.
Scopes. the professor who was tried in
Tennessee for teaching evolution?-
F. J. w.
A. He is q scientist in the geological
department of the Venezuela Gulf oil
Co. and Is in Venezuela at the present
time.
Q. Please give the names of women
who have owned horses which have
A. Mrs. LaSca Durnel, who owned
ElWood: Mrs. r. M. Hoots, who owned
Black Gold, and Mrs. John Hertz, who
owned Reign Count, are the only
women who have owned Kentucky
Derby winners.
@. When was the Soldiers and Sail
ors Monument In Indianapolis dedi-
cated?-L. D. s.
A. This monument was erected to the
memory of Indiana men who fought in
the Mexican, the Civil and the Spanish
American wars, and was dedicated in
1902.
Q. Please name the largest candle in
the World.-M. L.
A. The Enrico Caruso memorial can
die is the largest in the world. It cost
$500, is 16 feet high, is feet in cir
conference at the base, tapering to a
top Of Is inches. It weighs one ton. 1t
Is placed in the Church Of Our Lady
Of Pompeii, Pompeii, Italy, the last
church in which Caruso worshiped. 1t
will be burned one day a year Cali
Saints day, November u, and at this
rate it Is estimated it will last IL CEN
turtles.
@. Why does woodpecker drum and
peck?-E. G. H.
A. The Biological Survey says that a
woodpecker pecks in order to dig out a
nest and to obtain food When he
drums, however, it is either for pleasure
or 1t serves as call to birds Of the
same species.
@. How should ground be prepared
for tennis court?-L Med.
A. In constructing a tennis court the
ground should be dug up to about a 81
foot depth, then 1t should be filled with
large gravel, then q layer of medium
rock and q layer Of crushed rock over
that in order to provide for the drain
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
Annuity Amendment Assured.

Passage by the House yesterday of
the modified Lehlbach retirement an
nuity bill, in the form of an amend
ment to the Dale bill already passed by
the Senate, virtually assures action at
the present session upon this most i'm
portant subject, of such vital interest
to the present and prospective an
nuitants of the Government service
There was time when violent differ
ences of opinion regarding the proposed
House measure threatened to prevent
legislation altogether. While those diff
ferences have not been adjusted and all
views harmonized, the fact has been
demonstrated that unless there was some
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

age Of the court, then layer Of binding
clay should be rolled down to make .
surface. The court can be left COM
plete with this surface. However. q
great many use q finishing powdered
bluestone or q substance called fine
brickdust.
@. What breed Of horse did the ar
mored knights ride2-C. o.
A. The old English great horse, or
black horse, was valued in olden times
principally for its ability to carry the
enormous weight Of the armored
knights. Various kings Of England,
from John to Henry VIII, were inter-
ested in this breed, and particularly in
maintaining its size. The great horse
was descended from the pre-Roman
horse in part, and in part from the finer
stock introduced from Flanders.
@. How far do the serial letters on
the new 81 bill run?-A. z. G.
A. They run from A to L.
@. Do many South Americans drink
mate?-D. s.
A. Mate is the favorite drink Of about
Is, 000, 600 South Americans. 1t Is made
like any other tea-by seeping and boil
ing in water until the desired strength
is reached.
@. What is sap?--F. p.
A. Sap is the water contained in liv-
ing plants and the substances dissolved
in it. All active plant cells have more
or less water in their protoplasm, and
when there is a surplus 1t is in the
form OF drops or masses in cavities
(vacuoleS) in the protoplasm. Inter-
cellular spaces and the cavities of mac
tive internal cells also may contain
water, holding varioua substances in So
luton. In terrestrial plants this water
is absorbed by the roots from the water
Of the soil, and carries with 1t the sub
stances dissolved in it. In the plant 1t
is absorbed from cell to cell, suffering
in each loss of such substances as are
appropriated by the protoplasm and
gaining such as are soluble. It thus
contains many substances, some of
which are organic, as sugar, inulin, etc,
and others inorganic, as salts of lime.
potash, etc. BY puncturing Gas in the
maple), crushing las in the cane), or
slicing and diffusion (as in the sugar
beet), the sap is obtained In large
quantities, and on each evaporation
| yields much sugar, with many other
substances.
O. What is the Coincide Franchise
| in Paris?-E H.
! A. The Coincide Franchise is the
official name of the national theater Of
France, which is supported by public
funds for the purpose of advancing dra-
i matte art. 1t was long known as La
Msison de Moliere. or Moliere's Theater.
| @. Were ships ever cut in two In
order to go through the locks Of the
Welland Canal?-H. L. L.
/ A. The Eagle boats which were made
by Henry Ford for the United States
| during the war we're sent through the
| again.
@. When were Pennsylvania blue
| laws passed?-M. 3. L.
A. They were passed in 1874.
O. Is the Cuban peso worth so cents
or $1?--C. L.
A. 1t is equivalent to the United
States dollar.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
The Test of Coalition.

Eternal vigilance is the price of
coalition in the Senate, with the tariff
bill under consideration. 1t is one thing
for the coalition to swat the President,
choosing as its club debenture clause
or an amendment doing away with the
it is decidedly another to keep the
coalition in line on rates affecting in
dustries in the States of the coaH-
tionistS. The coalitioniSts saved them
and oil only by the hardest kind of
work. They charged log rolling" a
trade Of votes on several commodities,
on a big scale. Last night the coalition
was again confronted with a dangerous
situation. Chairman Smoot of the Sen
ate finance committee came forward
with 3 compromise on the sugar sched-
ule, proposing TO increase the duty to
2 cents on Cuban sugar and to $50
on all other sugar imported. The coali-
tionists learned of assertions from their
ranks and fought to postpone a VOTE
The threat was made to stay all night
and talk if necessary to prevent a
vote. In the end the best they could
get out of the situation was an agree
ment to vote on sugar at 3 pm. today.
Upon the results of the opportunities
of the coalitionists overnight will de-
pend the fate of the sugar duty.
The danger to the coalition is the
breaking of the dixie which has been
raised. If the Smoot sugar duty is
adopted by the Senate, the members of
the new coalition, if it may be so called,
may be able to force through duties on
lumber and oil and hides and shoes, and
perhaps other rates which are anathema
to the old coalitionists. The ability of
the old coalition of insurgent Republic
ans and Democrats to hold their forces
In line on the rates in the tariff bill
has been marvellous in the opinion of
veterans who have had to do with
the tariff acts. The coalition seemed
last week strongly in control again. The
action on sugar today will be a real
test, however.
The tariff bill has at last been re-
ported from the committee of the
whole" to the Senate. This change in
the parliamentary situation amounts to
little more than the beginning of the
second round Of the fight over duties,
although the second round is usually
very much more brief than the first.
1t merely provides a second opportunity
Of voting again on matters which have
already been settled by the whole Sen
ate in committee of the whole. A
ridiculous procedure, but in line with
some of the other rules of the Senate.
In the committee of the whole in the
Senate roll calls are permitted along
with unlimited debate. In the Senate
the same rules prevail, except that
Senators give notice, prior to the bills
going into the Senate from committee
Of the whole, of the amendments on
which they desire vote. Yesterday
when the tariff bill was on the verge
of going into the Senate" there was
q deluge of requests to reserve votes
on this and that subject, until finally,
in evaporation, Senator Glass of Vir-
ginia suggested that perhaps he should
reserve votes on the entire list Of sched-
ules.
The passage of the tariff bill through
the Senate appears to be in sight at
last.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

Thanks to previous service, Chief
Justice Hughes has had no difnculty
whatever in adjusting himself to the
routine of his present position. Many
little questions that might puzzle less
practiced mind are disposed of promptly
as matters of familiar experience.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

United States delegates are causing
disappointment among those who wish
they were not so much inclined to re-
main silent. And If they talked with
out restraint, artistic jealousies would
arise because Of suspicion that Uncle
Sam was taking the center of the stage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
SHOOTING STARS.
By PHnANDER JOHNSON.

Excessive Economy.
The sun goes hurrying on his way
Across the western portal.
The golden glory on display
Is free to every mortal.
For him who clings to earthly things,
His wealth, as he has stored it,
The grim reminder often brings
IT fear I can't afford it,
And so the toiler passed the years
In what he thought his duty.
In fancy future JOY appears
In opulence. and beauty.
But time is precious and his care
Strictly must be. to hoard 1t.
He cannot see the sunset there
Because he can't afford It'll
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

No doubt some of the wiser Haitians
begin to suspect that if the island could
find good dictator willing to work hard
without large pay, the people would do
well to take him Immediately to their
hearts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

His reputation as a balladist need not
lead any Soviet creators Of disturbance
to imagine that Mayor Jimmy Walker
will try to quiet them by singing them
to sleep.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

An eminent statesman sometimes gets
credit to which he is not entitled, but
matters average up as he gets great
deal Of blame he does not deserve.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05

There should be consideration for
the United States Senate as conscien-
tious body of men sometimes required to
dispose of too many problems at once.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-05
Ignorance VS.. Bliss.

From the Boston Evening Transcript.
Ignorance Is the worlds curse, the
National Education Association is told,
presumably by speaker who has never
discovered that where ignorance Is bliss,
It's folly to be wise.