Evening star., 1930-12-14
26 POWERS REPLY
ON UNION PROPOSAL
Brands Federation of Eu-
rope Aim Meets Varied
Reception.


conciliation document just published by
the Carnegie Endowment for Interna-
tional Peace.
II contains the replies Of 26 govern
ments to Aristide Brands memoran-
dunn of May II, 1880, calling for a Eu-
ropean Federal Union. In the preface
to the publication, Dr. Nicholas Murray
Butler, the endowment's president, said:
NJ. Brands memorandum deals with
subject of such epoch-making impor-
tance, we should make available to
students and research students the re-
pies from the governments to which
the memorandum was addressed"
Spain Makes Reply.
The Spanish government gave its re-
ply on June IS, 1880. In substance it
was that Although it realizes the Sc
r1ous nature of the obstacles to be over
come. it still regards the scheme as full
of promise for the future"
The reply from the Netherlands gov
ernment was dated five days later, on
June 30. 1t contained a series of re-
nections on. the present European sit
uation, concluding:
In general, the government thinks
that the ground is not yet sufficiently
prepared exchanges of views will be
useful, and, in fact, seem essential, TO
decide how further progress IS to be
made"
On July 4, 1880, the Finnish govern
nnent informed M BRAND that in gen.
eFal 1t warmly welcomed the general
idea. The Italian government on July
stated its willingness Ito cooperate
as they have done In the case Of all
} the Initiatives aiming at the work of
peace and at the material and moral
reconstruction of Europe" It was
added that general reductions Of arma-
ments was a necessary preliminary.
War Factor Is Listed.
Austria's opinion is that q decisive
step toward the rational DEVELOPMENT
and organization of the economic forces
of Europe cannot be made until all pos
sibility, of war between the European
countries has been removed"
The Estonian government in its re-
ply on July declared that the French
memorandum contains suggestions of
undeniable value
The Rumanian government on July
8 answered that it agreed with the
principles laid down in the memo
rsndum, and that it would cooperate
to the full in realizing the plan for a
European federal union.
The Polish government greetS with
"ltvely satisfaction this welcome step.
Poland, which, at the tenth assembly,
unreSerYedly supported M. Brands
proposals, now accepts the idea of q
European union and declares herself
ready. to participate in any preparatory
work which the first European confer
erce may consider necessary"
The German government welcomed
the step taken by the French govern
ment in submitting the details OF the
European problem for discussion and
in giving its own opinion on this prob
lem" It adds: "It Is Of opinion that
- IwaA1 II -. - - -
q spirit OF mmodation, bold re-
form Of conditions which are recog-
nized AS untenable, and thus to lead
to . genuine European pactdcation
which can be founded only on the
principles Of Justice and equality"
DaAish Reply Satisfactory.
ma DaniGh government Expresses
lively astisfactton with the plan and
suggests that customs frontiers are an
ohStacio to harmony.
In substance, th0 reply from the
Greek government stated that Greece
would weleoms the eventuality Of Tur-
key, like herself Q Balkan and Medi- |
terranean power, becoming o member
of the European federal union.
The Lithuanian government, while |
making some constructive observations
as to possible pitfalls to be avoided IN |
the new proposal announced its in
tention of cooperating to the best Of
its ability In carrying the proposed sys-
tenn into practice.
The formal reply OF the Norwegian
government welcomed the general idea
and added:
THE Norwegian government, how
ever, considers that it might be. pref
cradle, instead Of defining In advance
the details OF the various problems to
be studied, to allow the future itself
TO determine to a certain extent the
more precise form which the proposed
cooperation should take"
Portugal Is in principal prepared 70
examine the points indicated In M. Bri-
and's memorandum.
VIII Send Delegates.
The Hungarian government announc-
ed that 1t would send representatives to |
the proposed European conference. The |
Czechoslovak government indicated the |
conditions upon which it was prepared
to enter into general undertaking such
as NJ BRAND proposed.
on July Il the Swedish government
sent cordial and helpful reply. The
Latvian government stated that the
idea met its entire approval. The Al
banian government announced its sup
port of M. Brands plan.
The British governments reply made
II clear that it could only undertake
the consideration of the French pro-
posal in consultation with all govern
ments in the British commonwealth.
The following reservation was ap-
pended:
His majesty's government in the
United Kingdom are not confident
that mature examination will show
that the establishment of new and in
dependent international institutions Is
either necessary or desirable"
THE Belgian government adheres en-
eea4zs-siy to the principle Of the European
union" said the Belgian statement on
July IL, at the same time advising re-
serving either for the next European
committee q study of all questions Of
practical application.
Free State States Stand.
The Irish Free State divided its re-
ply into four sections, Of which one
dealt with the need for an agreement
OF q general order, however summary
+ may be, to affirm the principle of
G1e moral union of Europe and to place
normally on record the existence Of the
solidarity established between the
states of Europe"
The Bulgarian government stated
that It views the diea OF the organi-
ration of o European federal union
with the greatest sympathy"
The Jlgoslav government stated that
# considers that the preparatory work
for the formation of the union in itself
offers great benefits which deserve TO
be appreciated at their proper value,
apart from all consideration OF the pos
sibilities Of realizing the plan for a
union IN the more or less distant
future"
The Swiss reply declared that cit ts
ready to consider in q spirit of fellow
ship and cooperation the possibility
Of finding adequate mitigations or rem