davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-02
Unemployment and Unemployment
Insurance in the i. SSR.

ordinary basis. After the conclusion of the sea-
son they are provided with relief for two
months. Building workers living permanently
IN the towns receive relief on the ordinary
basis throughout the building season after
which it is prolonged for no longer than three
months.
Large designations made in the U.S.SR
to help the unemployed. In fact the sums to be
spent on unemployment relief are constantly
Increasing in the Social Insurance Budget.
funds to supply work for unemployed likewise
being augmented. During the last period, large
sums have been spent to train and refrain un-
employed workers for different professions.
For example, sum of 6.8 million roubles was
spent to train workers for the building trades
in 1929-30.
Altogether 69.4 million roubles were spent
IN unemployment relief in 1926-27 of which
sum seven million were expended on the organ
lzatlon OF work for the unemployed In 1927
1928, 1855 million roubles were spent on un-
employment relief, 1913 millions coming under
TABOR assistance, while according to preliminary
figures, unemployment relief in 1928-29 COM
prised 1891 million roubes, of which 10 million
were spent on vocational relief work.
Extremely characteristic of the measures
taken to regulate the Soviet Labor Market are
inc increased sums spent on the training and
restraining of unemployed workers The nro.
Diem OF training new cadres of skilled workers
to meet the growing demands of the stupen-
dous development of Socialist construction in
this country, is having direct bearing on the
regulation of the labor market, and is pushing
10 the forefront the question of financial as
sistance, the organization of public works and
especially vocational training and re-traininp
of the unemployed
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-02

pulpwood and manganese. Why, for example,
does the U. S. Treasury not bar the importa-
ton of coconut oil products from the Philip
pines. where thousands of Moro slaves, yes,
slaves, work for respectable and "god-fearing"
Americans on the Island Of Mindanao, for no
wages at all but their board, and darn little
of that.
Why for another example, is not the sugar
produced in the model" sugar mills and plan.
tation of the Hershey Chocolate Company, near
Havana, barred from entry, since in recent
stri' of the planta ion workers there, the
police "rurales" rounded up each individual
worker and forced them back to work at the
end of rifle. Why?
Why was not the tariff law enforced when
the recent strikes of Negro colonial slaves in
British West Africa, where Ramsay MacDon-
AIDS valiant troops shot do IN a score Of wo-
men, it was revealed that the coconut oil that
goes into making the various soap products
of gre, American company (the Lux soap,
among others) is the product of forced labor
And what about the damon Is mined behind
enclosures in South ;, lea, where the black
workers never are allowed outside the corrals
What about the recent exposures of forced
labor on Henry Fords rubber plantations in
Brazil?
What about lot Of things? But then, 1t is
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-02
(Cont.nued)

(Cont.nued)
Now as regards the periods during which
relief is granted. We find that the U.S.S.R. is
leading the world in this respect. In Soviet
Russia the unemployed receive relief during
the course of 10 months.
In Austria the unemployed have the right
to receive the normal dole" during the course
of 80 weeks approximately seven months). At
the conclusion of which period they receive the
so-called 'criss benefit" for a period deter
mined by the Industrial Commission (which
administers the Unemployment Insurance
Scheme in Austria). Thus, the law in Austria
provides relief only during 80 weeks, after
which period it is left wholly to the discretion
of the Commission.
Should we add up the maximum sums allowed
by the existing scales of relief in the USS.R.
and Austria for the different periods of elgi-
bility for the receipt of such relief, we get the
following interesting comparison. Whereas an
unemployed worker on the first category hav-
ing no dependents receives in Moscow 486
roubles, on the second category $50 roubles and
the third category 279 roubles, in Vienna the
unemployed on the highest-the tenth category
receive only 1880 roubles. ~
Both in Austria and Germany the reformist
press have made it point to attack continu-
ally the limitations of unemployment relief for
seasonal workers in Soviet Russia. But anyone
familiar with conditions in the U.SSR. will
readily recognize how warranted they are
The overpopulation in the rural districts of
the U.SS.R., giving rise to continual influx
of spare hands" into the towns, differs COM
pletey from the similar movement observed
in the capitalist countries In the capitalist
world the andless section of the peasantry are
forced to drift into the towns, are absorbed by
industry and soon lose all touch with their
former life in the villages.
But in the U.S.S.R. the peasants who come
to the towns to seek livelihood retain their
plots of land for themselves and for their de-
pendents. All the seasonal workers in the US.
SIR. are connected in one way or the other with
the peasant homesteads in the villages. Hav-
ing worked throughout the summer months in
the towns, the seasonal workers return to win
ter in the villages. Each one of them has his
plot of land; their earnings in this way, are
not their only source of income.
The position of the seasonal worker differs
from the permanent worker in that his wages
for the season comprise this net income for
the year, this being made possible by the high
er rates paid for seasonal work. There is no
reason therefore why the scales of unemploy-
ment relief should be alike for seasonal and
permanent workers.
Seasonal workers receive Unemployment re-
lief during the season if they are living in the
towns, and also tout of season." if they live
in the towns the whole year round and are not
conneced with the peasantry. During the sea-
son, seanoal workers receive relief on the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-02

a well-known fact that in seed corn alone the
peasants have received no less than 154 million
poods OF grain in these three years.
1t is not to be wondered at that in general
our peasants and workers do not live badly.
and that the mortality of the population has
sunk, in comparison to the pre-war level, by
80 per cent in general and by 42.5 among in
fants, whilst the yearly increase of our popula-
ton is more than three millions (Applause)
AS regards the cultural position of the work
ers and peasants, we have accomplished certain
achievements, but these are too inconsiderable
to satisfy US in any way. Apart from the WORK.
ers' clubs OF every description, the reading
huts, the lending Libraries, and the centrala
for the liquidation of illiteracy, reaching ten
and half million human beings in this year,
our cultural and educational institutions are
the following: During the current year the eIe-
mentary schools are attended by 1858 900
scholars; the secondary schools by 1,945,OO
the industrial technical schools, the transport
service and agricultural schools, the courses
OF instruction in production for mass qualifica-
ton, by 333,100; technical colleges and the
vocational schools of like rank; the universities
and the technical high schools, by 100000 All
this has made it possible for the percentage
of those able to read and write in the Soviet
Union to be increased to 62.6 per cent as COM
pared with the 33 per cent of before the war,
what is most important at the present time
is the transition to obligatory elementary in
sruction, | say most important" for this
transition means a decisive step in the work
OF the cultural revolution 1t is, however, high
time for us to take this step, for we have
already all that is needed for the organization
OF general elementary instruction in the over
whelming majority of the regions of the Soviet
Union. Up to- the present we have been forced
IN ny,A.1 L Il ~
save and restore heavy industry" (Lenin). But
now we have restored heavy industry, and are
advancing it. Hence the time has come when
we must take up the task of organizing general
obligatory elementary instruction.
l believe that the Party Congress will do
right if it makes a clearly defined and per-
fectly categorical decision on this matter. Zap
plause)
Ito be continued)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-02

that in many cases this monopoly is detri-
mental to the consumers The cooperative So
cieties although almost monopolizing trade,
prefer to supply the workers with the more
profitable" goods bringing in larger gains,
Clancy goods, etc., and avoid supplying the
less profitable" goods, even though these are
more needed by the workers agricultural pro-
ducts). Hence the workers find themselves
obliged to cover about rs per cent of their re-
quirements in agricultural products by recourse
to the private markets, thereby paying higher
prices. need not refer further to the fact that
the apparatus of the cooperatives concerns it.
self chiefly about the balance, and is therefore
slow IN approaching me Question of the reduc-
ton of retail prices, in spite of the categorical
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-02

clear that the u s. q yernment is not con-
&c 4 about Convict 'nbor or forced" labor.
1t is concerned only with adding to the ''relig-
Gus" propaganda which the pope began, more
demagogic propaganda against the Soviet
Union. The American working class was more
or less Indifferent 70 the bowls to save god
from the wicket and atheist Bolsheviks Now,
Matthew Won, Father Coughlin, Djamgaroff,
Sir Tcnry neterding and Secretary Stmson
have found new line of attack. But it all
comes from the same font of Holy Water at
the "Shrine Of the Little Flower" It all comes
from an organized attack by enemies of the
workers against the Soviet Union. And as
such, the American workers will recognize it
and ject II.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-08-02
Chilean Government
Cuts Wages Is Per Cent

SANTIAGO, Chile (By- MaiD-
Wages of all government workers
in Chile have been cut 10 per cent,
with the exception of the officers
in the army and navy. While slash
ing wages of the poorly paid gov
eminent workers the fascist Chilean
government sees to it that its pup
pets in the army receive their usual
wages. Even further, rent money
is suspended for most of the mill
tary swashbucklers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-14
Facial Wrinkles.

Facial wrinkles are caused chiefly BY
the skins constantly being pulled into
certain positions as result of the &C
lions of the underlying muscles. Loss
of the soft cushion of fat normally I'M
derlying the skin in youth is another
cause of wrinkles. The constant mus
cular and nervous drawing of the face
in one place after time makes a seam
or crease, as, for instance, the frown so
often seen between the eyes, over the
nose and the tiny lines around the eyes
and mouth. All these wrinkles are
caused chiefly by the skins being pulled
into these expressions by the under
lying muscles and network Of fine
nerves.
Too rapid loss of weight in stout
person will cause the shrinkage of the
simultaneous fat and the skin will not
only hang in loose folds, but also 1t will
the jaws and about the chin line and
throat. Underweight, which keeps the
tissues starved and undernouriShed, is
very often the cause of the network of
fine and criSS-croSs wrinkles extending
from the top of the forehead, ears and
over the cheeks and around the mouth.
neck and throat. The main point in
the overweight's problem is to avoid
losing weight too rapidly, being content
Will a lOoS Va WclknO over a
period of time so that the skin will have
time to adjust itself. In the case of the
underweight person, the best results
can be obtained simply by nourishing
the starved underlying tissues through
an adequate amount Of food of the right
kind. The nervous individual should
study to avoid all the negative facial
expressions, such as frowning, worry
ing and tenseness by learning to relax
regularly. Wrinkles due to eyestrain
should first be relieved by appropriate
glasses before local treatments can be
expected to give results.
l. The avoidance of facial wrinkles is
largely matter of keeping the body
we'll nourished, the weight as near nor
NAL as possible and of keeping a cheer
full mind, being careful to avoid the
facial expressions which are caused by
| worry and other negative emotions. BY
| applying the proverbial ounce of pre-
vention and by giving the skin the right
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-14
NO WONDER YOU FEEL SICK
When Constipation Gets It's Grip You Can't Keep Well.
What You Need Is Kelogg's ALL~BRAN

That tired feeling, that persistent
headache, that bad breath are often
symptoms of constipation.
There is only one thing to do
clean out youT system. Do it now
or you may be seriously sick. Your
intestines are clogged because you
have not eaten enough roughage.
And there is no better roughage
than that healthful, appetizing
cereal-Kellogg's ALL-BRAN.
ALL-BRAN is a natural food
that brings natural results regu-
larly. It's fiber content sweeps the
intestines clean of poisonous
wastes. Much better than habit
forming pills which become useless
unless their dose is increased.
In addition, Kellogg's ALL-BRAN
is rich in iron. Scientific research
has proved that practically all Of
this iron goes into the blood-bring-
ing the glowing color of health to
the complexion and strengthening
the entire body. A wonderful way
70 enjoy keeping well!
You win like the nut-sweet flavor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-14
Unhappy Wives of Famous Men
we.Iey's Wife in Mad Jealousy Tore His Hair
BY J. p. GLASS.

In one of his letters to his wife John
Wesley reminds her that she has laid
false charges against him, robbed him,
and betrayed his confidence under the
pretense of indicating her own char
acter. He adds: "Of what importance
is your character to mankind? If you
were buried just now. or If you had
never lived, what loss would it be to
the cause of God?"
The great preacher belonged to an
other day than ours. 1t was the period
OF unquestioned male superiority. Rob-
ert Southey, Wesley'S biographer, could
write OF him-with sincerity, too:
He knew that he was by nature the
stronger vessel, Of the more worthy gen.
der and lord and master by law, and
that the words honor and obey were
in the marriage bond"
No wonder that Wesley, with no
doubt Of justification, wrote to Mistress
Molly, BE content to be a private, in
significant person, known and loved by
God and me-"
Molly Wesley's unhappiness seems to
nave grown out of a hunger for Johns
constant company. She was jealous
OF the cause to which he devoted lis
life. She was jealous of his ambitions.
which were great She wanted him to
give. up everything for love. This he
would not do.
Jealousy begets all sorts of actions.
Molly Vizelle was widow with four
children when she married Wesley.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-14
Today in
Washington History
BY DONALD A. CRAIG.

February IL, 1867.-A new afternoon
newspaper, bearing the name OF the
Evening Leader, had its first appear
ance in Washington today.
ut is a handsome, well filled sheet,
is of the radical Republican persuasion
OF politics and promises to be spirited
accession to the city's newspaporial
ranks" the editor of The Evening Star
Will comment tomorrow.
The proprietorS of the new paper,
Messrs. w. j. Cowing, L. Hill and j. @,
thompson, celebrated the debut OF their
new enterprise tonight by a supper at
WIZARDS 1t was sumptuous and en-
1oyable affair, bringing together large
number of the most congenial and
brilliant representatives of the press in
the country.
Among those present, all of who re-
sponded to coasts, were Maj. Ben Per-
was called upon to preside by accla-
nation; Mr.. Mcfarland of the Chron-
lc!e, Col. Whitley of the National In
telligencer, Col. Florence of the Consti-
tutlonal Union, Mr.. Tracey of the Re-
publican, Mr.. Dunn and MessrS. Thomp-
son, Cowing and Eiu of the Leader,
Mr.. Shaw of the Boston Transcript, Mr..
Fitch of the Boston Post, Col. FitZ-
gerald of the Philadelphia City Item,
wa c1iAOI VI lie FIlIdQelpIlld age, MI.
Brooks Of the New York Times, Mr.
Lincoln of the New York Tribune, Mr..
Mclean of the New York Herald, Mr.
Adams Of the New York World, Mr.
Richardson of the Baltimore Sun
Mr.. Gobright. the Washington agent of
the New York Associated Press; Mr.
Brown of the California Press, Mr.. By
lngton OF Connecticut, Col. Hinton of
Kansas, Mr.. Armstrong Of the Western
Press, Mr.. Chadwick of Wizards and
several representatives of The Evening
star OF this city whose names are not
given in The Stars account of the
affair.
1t is charged that the political char
acter OF the management of the Ches-
apeake and Ohio Canal is impairing its
usefulness. The Georgetown council
tonight passed a resolution requesting
the mayor to urge that the Maryland
Legislature pass law to remedy this
evil by making the management more
permanent and consequently more
efficient,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-14
Your Baby and Mine
BIZ MYRTLE MEYER ELDREp.

The real experiences of real mothers
are sometimes more impressive and
helpful than columns Of advice. Next
to feeding, no other situation so pug
zles the mother as teaching the child
TO i've IN the mouse without being a
constant menace to its treasures.
To slap a chllds hands has never
been more than temporarily effective
The child constantly thwarted and re-
fused permission to touch the bright
and allurtng objects with which he is
surrounded, and slapped when he does
is the child who must be watched con-
stantly. The moment the mothers
eyes stray, he runs pell-mell for the
forbidden treasure, and in a moment
1t is apt to be on the floor. If the
mother Is successful in keeping the
child from touching everything and
portunity, she has on her hands a
whining, crying baby. Unable to act,
to look or touch or examine, he cries.
No one can prevent his doing that.
Mrs. G.. M. SIS baby is is months
old. I'VE live in a three-room house, {"
she says, land naturally she is all over
it. She Is very active and gets around
so quickly, but she knows what to leave
alone. I have some plants easily
reached and she has never torn off a
leaf. I have never slapped her hands
but I talk to her in a serious tone. /
realize there is a great difference in
children, but feel that the mother who
resorts to slapping is using a queer way
of teaching. My husband enjoys your
articles as much as l."
Mrs. M. B. has had the same ex-
perience with her boy years of age.
Il disapprove of putting things out of
childs way" she writes. "They don't
make any more active children than my
boy. I have ornaments in the house
which have cherished for years and
my friends suggested that 1 put them
away. have never moved a thing.
He never touches anything without
first asking me. This morning he
wanted to turn on the radio. I praised
him for having asked me and told him
that he could. But when he asked for
a ledger of his fathers, I told him the
reason that he couldn't play Nth II
and gave him some pretty magazines
in place of it. He plays with scissors
in fact almost anything around the
house. If they are sharp objects,
watch him carefully. have given him
matches and told him that when they
are lighted they are capable Of burning
down the house. He has never Lighted
one. have told him that later will
show him how to build a fire. eau.
ton him to be careful of things and ir
the case of some pillows I do not want
him to handle, made him four Of hi'
own to play with as he chooses.
IT can go away and leave him with
strangers, because I have never de-
ceived him and sneaked away. tel
him I am going and he says: You'll
be back soon,' and that is all. Away:
explain my reasons for saying mo- tc
any request. Treat a child like ar
adult, and he will act like one and be
happier"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-14

with light, oily cleansing cream or
oil. Apply the cleanser evenly all over
*he face, neck and throat, then wipe 1t
OIL with tissue square, or a clean pad
of absorbent cotton. Wiring out a small
turkish towel in hot water, hold 1t over
the face until 1t begins to cool and wipe
the face thoroughly. Now apply your
skin food or tissue cream, or mix little
VII with your massage cream II the skin
is exceptionally dry. Massage the face
and neck in the usual way, using an
upward, light, pattering movement. A
very gentle circling around the eye
socket, starting at the nose and COINS
outward and upward. Use the fingers
Of both hands, place the finger tips
directly beneath the eyes, press gently
around the outer corners and upward
following the contour of the eye. After
the massage period wipe off the excess
cream with a clean pad Of absorbent
cotton or a tissue square. Now heat
about two tablespoonfuls of oil Of sweet
almonds, white mineral oil or olive oil,
plus few drops of tincture Of benzoin
IL the latter oil is used. Pat the warm
oil all over the face and neck.
Cut a square of clean gauze or cheese
cloth large enough to cover your face
and another piece to cover the throat
and neck. Lay them on the skin and
tIleH pat Oh fresh warmed OH. Leave
the warm oil pack on for half an hour
or more and then wipe of the oil care
fully, leaving on the skin a thin film to
lubricate 1t during sleep.
In the morning moisten pad of alb
sorbent cotton in mild skin tonic and
wipe of the face, then pat on a mild
astringent and blot the skin dry. Now
apply your foundation cream and face
powder, with touch of cream rouge II
needed. A few minutes of very gentle
massage every night after the cleansing
of the skin is very desirable and sootfl-
ing. A reliable tissue cream, night
cream, skin food or Oil may be used for
this purpose. There are great many
creams on the market to select from,
but I cannot mention any particular
brand through my beauty column.
Copyright. i930)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-14
Interest in Simple Flower Forms
BY MARY MARSHALL.

is one Of the notable features of the
printed silks for Spring. Daisies, vio-
lets, forget-me-notS, bluebells, snow
drops and a score of other small bios
SONS have been taken as inspiration for
the designs of many Of the silks used
for dresses for resort wear at the present
time.
Small sprays Of lily of the valley in
natural colors on a dark background
are decidedly smart
They are modern in the sense that
they are up-to-date, but not because
Of any suggestion Of sharp, geometrical
design. The word meat" Is one that
might be appropriately applied to most
of the new prints, for even where some
geometrical design Is taken as the motif
for the print it is arranged in an or
derby manner.
This weeks illustrated circular gives
directions for making a smart new COL
lar and cuff trimming from 27-inch
square scarf of printed silk or cotton.
If you would like copy, please send
your stamped, self-addressed envelope
to Mary Marshall, care Of this paper,
and it will be forwarded to you.
tcopyright, 1900