davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Times Readers Voice VieWS

Editor Times-I wish to call at
tention to a profitable field for in
vestment. II there is crying de-
mand for public service it is for a
better means Of heating houses. We
are making no progress in this di-
rection. The great advantages to
health and cleanliness in substi-
tute for coal fires needs no argu-
ment
The distribution Of steam heat is
so wasteful that producers are not
extending their service. They
frankly admit that it is not prac-
teal for long lines.
would suggest that since natural
gas formerly was serviced over large
areas, that artificial gas could be so
distributed. If coal lands were ac-
quired and gas plants installed at
the mines, so that the same ma
chinery which brought out the coal
could carry it TO the gas producing
equipment, there would be no rail-
road or rehandling expense. This
would be especially applicable at
strip mines. The gas could be de-
livered to consumers by means Of
pipe lines and pumps at nominal
cost.
With coal stoves and furnaces. the
larger part Of the heat Is wasted.
In the production Of gas and by
products much Of this waste would
be saved. It Is also safe to say
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

that a thoroughly up-to-date plant
would produce gas under the pro-
posed plan at much lower cost than
at present. The great body OF the
people gladly would take advantage
Of the chance to rid themselves Of
the coal nuisance. Moreover, the
present equipment of stoves and
furnaces could be adapted cheaply
to gas, although better devices would
be offered.
II this service were started at
most any Of our mining regions,
enough customers could be found
within twenty-five TO fifty miles to
keep a large plant busy. Eventually
this supply would reach the larger
cities, even If it met opposition from
present gas producers, because the
fittest will prevail.
There Is evidence that good gas
has been produced as low as 10
cents a thousand feet, even where
coal transportation was necessary
and with little attention to by
products. With a proper system and
equipment, I think it could be pro-
duced at the works for half that
sum. Furthermore, the increased
supply Of low cost by-products would
be Of great advantage to other
American industries and help TO
make our country a greater factor
in world commerce.
AL 3. HALL.
"a Liberty building.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Confirmation

A STRONOMERS were elated by
IA these results, because from
theoretical reasons they had calcu-
lated that these stars must have
diameters of approximately the size
which the measurement showed.
The interferometer, therefore, not
only gave direct measurements of
these stars, but served also to con-
firm the theoretical reasoning upon
which astronomers were basing their
researches.
The interferometer used in meas
uring the giant stars was a form Of
the instrument which first had
made Professor Nicholson famous
in his youth.
1t had been known for a long
time that when two rays of light
were admitted into a dark room
through two small holes in a screen
that the resulting spot of light took
the form of concentric circles Of
light and darkness.
This pattern, known as an inter-
ference pattern, is the result of the
effect of the two streams of light
waves upon each other.
Professor Nicholson built an in
strument in which a system of mir
rors was used to split a light wave
in two and then recombine it into
an interference pattern. This in
Strument at once was useful as a
measuring instrument because
motion of one mirror equivalent to
less than a millionth of an inch
would cause easily measured
changes in the interference pattern
or fringeS.
Professor Nicholson next built a
large interferometer in order to seek
differences in the speed of light in
different directions. This instru-
ment was used by Nicholson and
DR.. Edward w. Morley for the
famous ether drift experiment upon
which the Einstein theory was
based.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

Perhaps it is fortunate that the election
of SO many Judges occurs on the same day
that the people will pass upon the question
of drafting a new Constitution for the state
The present Constitution, as practical
matter is impossible of amendment. The
provision that each amendment must have
a majority of all votes cast has been a bar
rier to any improvement. Unfortunately
only a minority Of citizens vote on proposed
amendments and they are defeated, even
when there is a unanimous sentiment for
change.
That the courts should be removed from
partisan politics would be admitted by even
the most partisan of politicians. When can
didates for the bench are compelled to pa
rade their craftsmanship and to cater to those
who make business of politics, the brand
of Justice can be expected to be more or less
corrupted by politics.
This spring each party will nominate ten
or twelve candidates for judges, ranging
from two positions on the supreme court to
a juvenile Judge for the county.
This means that perhaps four times that
number of lawyers will compete in primaries
for nominations. In very many cases the
appeal by these lawyers will be service in
political affairs in the past and loyalty to the
party from which they seek the honor.
It is not surprising that in very many
cases. and this goes for all the courts, the
successful candidates are not the best law
yers. not those with the most profound re-
spect for substantial justice but the best
noliticians. The ones who win are those
who can round up the most influences and
balance themselves most easily on the tight
wire that stretches between the prejudices
and hate of different factions.
Not the least of penalties paid for this
system which ties up the courts to political
parties is a growing lack of respect for all
courts.
No longer do the people believe that the
founts of justice are pure and undefiled. At
times. there are BETS in places where men
gamble. on the outcome of important cases,
especially political cases, and it is history
that those who are shrewdest in their un-
derstanding of the underground workings Of
politics usually win
Instead of devoting all attention to cam
didates for office, independent citizens who
wish to save the traditions and the substance
of our democratic institutions should organ
ize to carry the proposal for a new Consti-
tuition.
The spokesman for bossism are against
the movement. They are speaking openly
when Oiven q chance The Deople if for no
other reason than that of divorcing courts
from political machines, should unite for a
new Constitution.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
SCIENCE
VIII Be Used
in Measuring Diameter Of
Stars by Nations Scientists
By DAVID DIETZ.

A POWERFUL engine of astron-
"a omical research, capable Of
throwing important light upon
theories about the universe, will be
put into operation at the Mt. Wilson
observatory in California this sum-
mer.
The instrument to be known as
the 50-foot interferometer, will be
used in measuring the dismeters Of
stars. It's construction now is under
way in the observatory's machine
shop in Pasadena.
The instrument was discussed
here at the annual exhibition OF
the Carnegie institution Of Wash
ington by DR.. Walter S. Adams.
director of the observatory. The
observatory Is one of a great group
by the Carnegie institution.
Five years ago astronomers at Mt.
Wilson startled the world of science
by succeeding in measuring the
diameter Of star. The instrument
used was a form Of interferometer,
IIle lIlNSntlOu Oh EIOIeSSOL IA n
Nicholson, famous American scien-
fist, and research associate of the
observatory.
At the time, however, 1t was pos
sible only to measure the diameters
Of the very largest stars. The work
showed that the giant star. Antares,
had diameter of 415O00,000 miles,
while Betelgeuse had a diameter OF
215,000000 miles.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Just Another Rainbow

IF the League of Nations, the world
Il court and other agencies de-
signed to promote peace do not i'm
ply cooperative action to maintain
it, even to the extent Of establishing
an international police force, they
imply nothing.
If the world ir1agines 1t can stop
war by the simple process of max
ing an agreement, and without as
Stunning any responsibility in case
that agreement is broken, it is only
chasing another rainbow up a blind
alley.
II
Outlawry of criminals is dreaded
because Of the threat of punish
ment that goes with it.
That, and that alone, gives it
force.
without including something Of
the sort, how can the outlawry Of
war mean much?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
No Strain

TOHN BALDERSTON'S fine play
- Berkeley Square" is a comedy
il its form, but that should not de-
ceive you into expecting a happy
ending. Here, too, the Illustration
imposed by fate is celebrated, but
again the characters go down fight
ing.
Probably this Is one of the few
ronances of the world directly in
Spired by higher mathematics. Elm
stein himself may have been one
to suggest the framework of the love
story, for Balderston has built his
play around the philosophic con-
ception that all time Is co-exten-
siVe.
It IS easy to see the comic pos
sibilities In the scheme which Bal
derston has devised, and these are
well realized by the playwright and
by Leslie Howard, vino is magnifi-
cent In the role Of the hero. But
this Is a play in which the laughter
is wholly incidental. At least for
me the tragic love story overShad-
ows everything else.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Questions
and AnszUeYS

Why did George Washington re-
fuse to accept a third term as Presi-
dent of the United States?
Because he thought it savored of
monarchy, the very thing which had
been a grievance to the colonies in
their dealings with George III.
Where was Ninevah?
Ninevah is an ancient city on the
Tigris river, founded by Nimrod, and
later the capital of the Assyrian
empire.
Who plays the detective role In
the motion picture street Grip"
There is no real detective role in
the picture. Ned Sparks played the
part of the violinist, of whom it was
said by the pianist in the picture
YOU'D make good detective"
Who was the Mad Empress?
Marie Charlotte Amehe Auguste
Victorie Clementine Leopoldine,
wife of Emperor MAMMALIAN of
Mexico and daughter of Leopold I,
king of the Belgians. She died Jan
10, 1927, at the age Of Sc, in the
chateau Eaude Bouchone, not Ear
from Brussels.
What is the highest altitude to
which man has assembled in noun
tain climbing?
About 27,441 feet, was attained by
the Mallory, Somerville and Norton
expedition in 1924, which climBed
within 100 feet of the summit Of
Mt. Everest.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Fat Person Target of Blood Pressure

body weight and blood pressure, H.
r. Hartman and D. G. Christ
studied the records of 2,o42 persons
who entered a medical clinic in re-
cent years.
Their studies prove quite certain
ly that there is steady rise in
tn syStolic blood pressure from the
point of underweight and over
weight both for men and for wom-
en-, and that in women also there
is steady rise in the diastolic pres
sure for overweight.
The two readings of the blood
pressure are taken at various phases
of the heart beat.
These studies prove that one of
the most important steps in con-
trolling rises in the blood pressure
after middle age is the control of
the diet, which should be reduced
so as not to place undue stress on
the digestive organs, as well as on
the tissues generally.
Among many leading physicians
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Gets No One Nowhere

PROGRESS is not based on re-
l. pudiation.
The idea of refraining from some
thing gets nowhere, unless it is fol-
lowed by the idea of doing some
thing better.
This is particularly true when it
comes to the abandonment of agen-
cies on which men have learned to
depend.
Take the frontier community, for
instance, that has learned to go
armed because Of lack Of effective
law enforcement, and who supposes
it would disarm without being prom
ised adequate police protection?
y - u
The present day world is analo-
gous to such community.
Nations remain armed because
they can see no other way to pro-
tect themselves, yet our state de-
partment contends. that a mere
agreement to outlaw war is enough
to warrant them in disarming.
France takes an opposite view
and no sane man will deny the logic
of her position.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

IN addition to all the other more
l. familiar completes there should
be listed one which is almost uni
versaI. 1t could be called the DR..
johnson complex and it consists OF
a passion for assuming the airs of
an intellectual arbiter and making
up lists of the ten best this or that,
Histology is peculiarly an Anlerl-
can complaint.
We forever are setting down some
body'S choice of the ten greatest
men or the ten greatest women, the
eleven most effective football play
ers, and the twenty mine most prac-
tical ways to win a lady's love.
In apology for my list about to be
unfurled I can only plead that it is
very short. Instead of ten I purpose
to give but three names and in so
brief compass include what seems
to me the years high point in f1c-
ton, drama and in music.
Possibly to round it out the best
piece Of acting seen this season may
be added.
If Ernest Henaingway's "a Fare
well to Arms" is not the best book
written by any American this year,
what IS? For this selection, at
least, I am ready to lay down my
life.
Not only does "a Farewell to
Arms" seem to me the absolute top
point in current fiction, but I would
add gratuitously that I do not be-
lieve any living American ever has
done as well. If asked to name its
greatest rivals, I would suggest
"Arrowsmith" by Sinclair Lewis and
Villa Gathers "A Lost Lady,"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Girder

TIME lntenerometer used TO meas
l. sure the diameter Of the giant
stars consisted of a steel beam
twenty feet long. This Is mounted
across the top Of the 100-inch tele-
scope at Mt. Wilson.
There is a small mirror at each
end Of the beam. Each mirror
catches an image Of the star.
These images are reflected TO
other mirrors and finally are COM
bined in the eyepiece of the tele-
scope, forming the interference pat
tern.
Professor Nicholson showed that
the interference pattern changed
when the distance between the two
mirrors was changed and that at a
certain critical distance the inter-
ference fringes disappeared.
He showed further that this
critical distance had a direct rela-
ton to the diameter of the star and
that the stars diameter, therefore,
could be calculated once this dis
lance was known.
Inc smaller the star, the larger
the distance between the mirrors at
which the fringes disappear. This
was why the twenty-foot interfer-
ometer could only measure the
largest stars.
The flfty-foot interferometer will
not need the aid of the big tele-
scope. 1t consists of a great fifty
foot bridge girder mounted on a
telescope mounting of its own
1t contains all the mirrors and
optical parts needed for measure
ments. The stars measured with
the twenty-foot interferometer are
all giant red stars, known to as
tronomers as Type M giants.
The fifty-foot interferometer. ac-
cording TO DR.. Adams, will enable
the astronomers to make measure
ments on the next class of stars,
the Type K stars, thus opening I'D
a whole new field of study.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

there Is developing some question as
to Just how much significance
should be attached to gradual rise
in blood pressure after middle life.
Apparently some rise may be con-
sidered as the normal reaction Of
the tissues to the changing nature
Of the body.
Hence we have the form Of high
blood pressure known as essential
apprehension, of which the definite
cause is unknown, but which seems
to be associated with the changes
that come on with advancing age,
increased weight and similar fac
tors.
The treatment of such conditions
is usually to reverse the associated
process.
Thus, for overweight and high
blood pressure, 1t Is customary to
reduce and to rest. Almost invari-
ably a reduction in weight and rest
will bring about a decrease in the
blood pressure.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Daily Thought

Ye can not drink the cup of the
Lord. and the cup of the devils
/ Corinthians 1921.
u
He must have a long spoon who
eats with the devil.-MarloWe
When and where was the Grand
Army of the Republic organized?
Decatur, H., April 6, 1866.
What percentage of the popula-
ton of France are Roman Cath
olics?
The majority of the population is
Roman Catholic. There are only
about 100000 Protestants there.
Who was Tacitus, and when did
he live?
He was one of the greatest his
torians of the Roman empire, who
lived about SIS to 40 A. D.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

BY now I've seen Berkeley
Square" several times and there
are certain scenes at which my tears
rattle down with regularity. Moth
ing in the theater this year has
moved me SO much.
In fact, it would be no strain for
me to make Berkeley Square" the
high point even If several other
years were added to the field.
In New York now there Is moth
ing fit to stand beside it for the
season has given us just this one
play which deserves a place in the
rank of truly f1rst-rate things.
Nor is this a very neager allow
ance Of f1rst-rate plays. There never
have been very many.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Mockery and Sham

EXTHILE it is hardly to be ex-
w pected that people could be
persuaded to take such a revolu-
tionary stand as this involves over
night, the time has come to admit
frankly that it can not be avoided
in the end, unless the gestures be-
ing made in the interest Of world
peace are a mockery and a sham.
Either we are going to provide
punishment for those who disregard
their obligations. and ignore the
agreements they have signed, or the
whole movement will collapse.
At present, most nations are try
ing to get the benefit of reduced
ornaments, arbitration treaties and
agencies designed for the peaceful
adjustment of disputes without as
suming the necessary obligations, or
making the necessary sacrifices.
To put it bluntly, they are trying
to have their cake and eat it.
The French not only realize the
issue, but face it frankly.
Instead of playing the part of OBJ
structionist, as many charge, the
French really are telling us what
the movement implies, and what we
must expect if we see it through.
Their insistence on regional agree
ment, such as they now are asking
in the Mediterranean, and such as
they tried to obtain from Wilson at
Versailles, should be regarded as
trading propositions, and not as
compromising their ultimate aim.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
France Is Right

XXTHAT France is after for her
w self, and what she rightly
believes all nations will demand be-
fore we are through with this move
ment, is such guarantee on the part
Of subscribers to the various coven-
ants and agreements as will justify
nations in reducing their military
establishments.
Who supposes that such guarantee
can be furnished, without a promise
of positive cooperation on the part
of signatory nations to punish any
government that violates its agree
ment, or disregards its obligations?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those of
one Of Americas most inter-
estiDg writers and are pre-
scented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude of
this papeY.-The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

Health Magazine.
INSURANCE companies consider
n the fat man less suitable risk
than the thin one. Considerable
numbers of policy holders beyond
middle age are found to be over
weight, and overweight is generally
associated with the onset of the
degenerative diseases which are to-
day responsible for the vast major
ity of deaths.
Studies made by j. w. Larimore
showed that fat people are likely
to have high blood pressure more
often than thin ones, a factor which
has also been established by in
vestigations covering hundreds of
thousands of people.
In order to find out what rela-
tionship exists, If any, between the
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
NJ. E. Tracy
SAYS:

II the World ImlGgines 1t Can
Stop War Just By Making
Another Agreement 1t Is
Chasing q RainboU Up an
Alley.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

DATRIOTISM suggests support
L for our state department in its
contention that the Kellogg pact
does not need to be strengthened.
History suggests that, satisfying
as such an ioea may be, it is dumb.
From the dawn of consciousness,
men have dreamed OF solving their
problems by negative action, by
merely agreeing not to do things.
In the end, they have found it
necessary to take a positive stand
Il q
Who supposes that our statutes
against murder, theft, or arson
would amount to much without a
police force to back them up?
Who supposes that we could reg
ulate traffic without cops on the
corner?
Or, to cite a more important ex-
ample, who supposes we could have
disestablished monarchy without
republican government to take its
place?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
>>SZ
8TdoAkF BTTt4eH
.LzSsIStJ
MAINE JOINS UNION
Jan. 3

Jan.
ON Jan. 3, 1920, congress passed
~ bill to admit Maine as a
state.
The struggle over the admission
Of Missouri into the Union had
brought about the necessity OF ad-
uniting a northern state to preserve
the balance Of power, and on March
Is, 1920, Maine joined the Union.
Today also is the anniversary of
President Taft's announcement Of
his candidacy for denomination, on
Jan. 3, 1912.
On Jan. 3, 1898, the United States
treasury recalled all 500 silver
certificates on account Of counter
feits.
And on Jan 3, 1861, the Delaware
legislature refused to join the Con-
federacy.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
Three Americans

ID ERKELEY SQUARE, by John
IL Balderston is the best play
shown to New York this year and
jerome Kern'S score for Sweet AIDE
line" the best Of the moments ma
tive music.
And, to return to Berkeley
Square" this play also furnishes the
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03

such conflicts is contrary to every rule of morality
We condemn such course unqualifedly
1--WE urge employers and public officials not to
suppress by force the protests of the workers in their
efforts for the redress Of manifest evils nor to employ
legal action, backed by force, save in the keeping
Of peace.
"The unrest in the textile industry and the trag-
edies in mill centers have arisen not only be-
of the economic confusion in the industry as
whole, but also because Of the faulty relations be-
tween employer and employe.
THAT the hours are longer and the wages lower
than the standards which public conscience deems
right generally is acknowledged.
Employers in the industry have failed to recog-
nze organizations of labor and to show Willingness
to allow labor that freedom to organize for which
three bodies stand"
Congress should act the recommendation OF
this and other newspapers to which the specific de-
mand Of the churches is now added, for a federal
investigation.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
BY DIR. MORRIS FIsHBEIN,

Editor Journal of the American Medical
Association and Of Hygeia, the
Health Magazine.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1930-01-03
The Courts and Politics

seRIeP ARI