davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

with the Department Of Agriculture for 40 years
or more.
"Of the plants introduced by the expert
mental gardens under the direction of Mr..
Saunders, the most conspicuous probably, as
adding directly to the wealth of the country is
the seedless Bahia. Cor naveD orange, the parent
tree Of which in the United States is to be
found today in the orangery of the department.
Carloads of oranges by tens, scores and hun
dreds it is said, sent out from California
to supply not only the domestic but many of
the foreign markets with this delicious fruit to
return millions. of dollars to the growers. Few
people realize that this great industry is due
to the judgment and foresight of one man-Mr.
Saunders
THE discovery OF the navel orange was made,
it is said, primarily by an American woman
travelling in Brazil. She wrote to friends in
this country concerning the superior quality
OF the orange in that South American country.
Mr. Saunders had already devoted some atten-
ton to the improvement Of orange culture in
the United States and had introduced a few
new varieties from foreign countries. This let
ter, being brought to his attention, suggested
the possibility of a new find in the field of
orange culture. In 1870 he secured a shipment
of IL young trees, all Of the same variety and
well packed in wet moss and clay. This was
the original stock from which have sprung all
the far-famed orange groves producing what
is commercially known as the Riverside navel
Cor seedless) orange of Southern California.
All Of the IL plants were set out in the
department grounds and thrived. At the proper
time buds from these trees were grated upon
small orange plants then under cultivation and
the process Of propagation repeated at proper
intervals. As the supply increased hundreds
Of the young plants were distributed through
Florida and California. For some undiscovered
reason Florida proved unfavorable to the pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14
Drought a BlO00 to Corn Borer.

The Mexican bean beetle, says Dr. Quaint
ance, came through the Winter in excellent
condition, but has been reduced to negligible
factor over practically all the drought-stricken
area more the consequence of very high
ground temperatures than of the drought it
self. The Oriental fruit moth infestation is
generally light over the area, but this is not
directly attributable to abnormal weather
Aphids, in general are less numerous than
usual. Development of the corn ear worm has
been delayed in Central Virginia and egg-laying
has been go per cent less than normal The
wheat jointworm larvae in this region have
suffered 10 per cent mortality Tobacco
hornworms and tobacco flea beetles are less
abundant than usual in Tennessee
Red spiders, on the other hand, are reported
quite generally over the entire drought area
as extremely abundant and destructive SAYS
Dr. Quaintance, and the codling moth was very
favorably affected by high temperatures over
practically all this area. Cooling moth dam
age more severe than usual has been reported
from New York and westward to Illinois and
southwark to Arkansas. Recent examinations
IN Indiana, however, are showing that many
eggs are too dry to hatch.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

EVERY dark cloud has a silver lining. There's
always fly in the ointment.
Consider the following facts from either the
pessImistic or the optimistic point of view.
There is plenty of room for whichever point
of view you take.
The European corn borer suffered from the
heat and drought, and reports reaching ento-
mologists of the United States Department OF
Agriculture indicate that the number of corn
borers will be materially smaller than had been
anticipated Many moths of the corn borer
were destroyed before they emerged, and moths
that emerged did not lay as many eggs as usual.
Heat and dry weather destroyed large numbers
Of eggs.
The bureau of entomology has reports from
several localities of unusual numbers of mos
quitoes probably the consequence of the partial
drying of small streams which have produced
stagnant pools suitable for mosquito breeding.
More than the average number of ants have in
vaded homes, the bureau says probably as
result of a scarcity of mos ture and food out
doors.
In general the bureau authorities reluc-
tant to attribute strictly to drought and high
temperature the variations, favorable or unfa-
vorable, in the prevalence of insects. DR.. A. L.
Quaintance associate chief of the bureau, says:
Temperature and moisture are, OF course, inn
portant limiting factors in our pest populations,
but are so intimately associated with parasitism.
disease, variations in food supply, alternate
hosts, and competing animals Qncluding in
sects) that the completely of the problem
makes it hazardous to draw conclusions The
present drought and the high temperatures, we
may safely say, have been accompanied by
several striking fluctuations In the normal IN
sect populations"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

p Ballard, J. Grinnell. j. Moore, M. Rsardon,
John G. Schott, A. w. Muzzy, j. NJ Kavanaugh,
c. E. Lewis, j. Budges, H. III. Etter lmesssnger),
E. Tonkin (wa.chnan), J. E. M. Bowen assist
ant messenger and Samuel c. Dawson.
CAMUEL C. DAWSON was the writer's grand
~ father. He disd on April 16 of the follow
ing year from disease contracted while serving
in the Union Army during the early stages of
the Civil War.
The building just recently removed was
erected during the administration of Gen.
Horace Capron, who succeeded Commissioner
Newton, and first occupied by him in August.
1868. the records and other properly of the
department, with the exception of the museum,
being moved from the Patent Office Building
A month later the museum also was moved.
on August L, 1871, Gen. Capron resigned, "that
he might accept a position as chief of COM
mission of American gentlemen organized by
the Japanese government for the purpose of
introducing into Japan American methods of
agriculture and either features of our industrial
progress"
However the old building has remained
standing all these years, and probably all, or
nearly all, who had anything to do with its
construction have long since passed into the
great beyond. But many of us of a younger
generation will for years to come, no doubt,
recall with pleasure this old red brick build
ing that never said an unkind word about any
one although the architects at times took
pleasure in saying unkind things about it.
Soon we must refer to the record for infor-
nation and picture of this valuable old land
mark, and when do we will find recorded
in the report of the Secretary of Agriculture
for 1868 the following minute description which
reads
THE new building of the Department of
Agriculture is ITO feet long by 81 feet deep
and consists of a finished basement, three full
stories, and Nfansard roof. Designed in the
Renaissance style of architecture, the front pre-
sents a center building with main entrance.
f1anked by two projecting wings. The material
is pressed brick, with brownstone base, belts,
trimmings and cornices. Walking over fight
of swelled granite steps, the visitor passes
through the main door, of oak and ash wood,
is laid with rosettes and borders of encaustic
tiles. The ceiling is decorated with fresco work,
around a center representing arbor of vine
foliage and held by American eagles with spread
wings; arabssque ornaments are sprung with
four medallions illustrating in turn by land
scape, light effect and human figures spring,
morning and childhood; Summer, noon and
youth; Autumn, evening and mature age; Win
ter, night and old age
THE reception room is chastely decorated,
while the chief clerks room is finished with
an apparently solid nodded and paneled VAIN
scot in curly walnut, mahogany and maple,
covering the height of the side walls, sur
mounted by frescoed stucco cornice and CELL
ing in complementary colors.
'The adjoining Office of the Commissioner is
done in the same material but in a higher
style Of the art, the panels of rich bird's-eye
maple being bordered by friezes Of mahogany
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14
Outlook Is BLue.

THE outlook for the bluing industry seems
to be blue. The 1929 trend was decidedly
below that OF 1927. with decline of approxi-
mately one-third in the number Of employees
and q decrease in the value of the output of
about 30 per cent There are IS establish
ments turning out buing. and they employ
81 600 per year. Z. .'H'.''" ~ 80
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

and blistered walnut, alternating with fancy
paneIed pilasters in mahogany and satinwood,
all parted by curly maple and set of by gilt
edges This series of rooms is completed by
the private office of the Commissioner, finished
in plain library STYLE with friezes of birch,
borders Of black walnut and panels Of mountain
ash"
ON February II, 1889. the Department of
Agriculture became one Of the executive
departments, with a seat in the cabinet, and
President Grover Cleveland elevated to the new
post provided for by Congress Norman j. Col
man. who thus became the first Secretary of
Agriculture, though, Of course, it was for a
very short duration, for President Harrison, a
month later, appointed as Secretary Gen. Jere-
nliah M. Rusk, who served throughoue Harri-
sons administration.
The Department of Agriculture has had many
valuable men on its staff in days gone by, and
only recently passed away DR. Harvey w. Wiley
distinguished food specialist. 1t still has a
number Of really able men who help work out
the problems of the department, and there is
no doubt that the present Secretary Arthur M
Hyde, will complete his term of office with as
much credit to himself and to the Government
rs has any of his predecessors in that Office
OF the many men, however, who have been
connected with the department none achieved
greater fame than did William Saunders,
who was one Of the oldest employees at the time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

of his death and whose development of the
Washington navel orange has made his name
famous. He died September IL, 1900, and his
body lies in Rock Greek Cemetery, maybe with
or without marker, but, like the great he
needs no monument, for as long as the seedless
orange is grown so long viii it be associated
with his name, which in itself is a monument
more valuable than money could erect.
The Star, always alert to recognize the ster-
ling worth of the distinguished Washingtonian
said of Mr.. Saunders just 80 years ago.
In the death Of William Saunders, the well
known horticultural, this morning at his home,
1903 Third street, the Department OF Agri-
culture lost tts senior attache IN point of
service the country lost landscape gardener
who planned the famed Fairmont Park of
Philadelphia and who had spent the best years
OF his life in adding to the beauty of the
Capital City, the fruit-growing industry lost a
valuable helper-the man to whom the intro
duction of the seedleSs orange into the United
States in its present great commercial richness
is due.
Mr.. Saunders had been identified
with the department since its creation In 1852
and had much to do with giving direction To
its earlier activities.
In his official position he had charge of the
Agricultural grounds and park AS the beauti-
ful grounds stand today they were planned by
him. They were his pride and, it is said, are
as pretty and tasteful as any to be found in this
or any European country.
"MR. SAUNDERS at the time Of his death
was in his seventy eighth year. He was
born in Scotland and earlier in his life was
connected with the public gardens of London
and elsewhere in Europe He afterward came
70 America and, as stated, had been connected
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

A IL individuals and organiza ions have their
knockers and their boosters, and they seem
to be indispensable. Back in the early 80s
clever rhymester, who evidently thought the
Department needed a little PRECEDING published
the following lines and introduction:
Senator Plumb is much infatuated with the
Commissioner of Agriculture. and lately offered
a resolution admitting the Commissioner to the
floor of the Senate. He also wants a part of
the 100 acres of the Arlington estate set aside
as a playground for the Agricultural Depart
ment When DR.. Loring can read his title
clear to this experimental farm as he calls
it, he viii then acknowledge the authorship of
the following beautiful lines which will be pub
Ished in the North American Review:
''WeM graft the lobster on the hop,
The oyster bed wen gayly weed.
The cranberry Jelly tree Wen flop
And save the macaroni seed.
'"The beet root sugar we will get
BY tapping of the hickory tree;
Horse chestnuts in the Spring we'll set
That in the Autumn colts will be.
Wen prune the climbing sorghum vine.
Wen dig the rutabaga pear
The clam shall with the pea entwine
And both shall, mingling. blossom theirs.
THE Berkshire goat its wool shall shed,
The bantam COW shall feed on hay;
Wen milk the ducks, all thoroughbred
That steal the eggs the squirrels lay.
LENvoI-- Senator Plumb: Z,
Think of the boost gave you in
The Kansas foot and mouth disease
Then hump yourself. and you will win
The thanks OF all the Bostonese.''
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

duction of the trees, but the development ana
success of their culture in California constitute
a subject of unusual interest. The average an
nual shipment of oranges from Riverside mas
now increased to 100000 boxes.
Another achievement Of Mr.. Saunders was
the organization of that powerful association,
the Patrons of Husbandry, more commonly
known as the Grangers with membership
of $4,000 farmers. This association was ais
idea He was instrumental in shaping its form
and purposes. Mr.. Thompson supplied the
ritual and a Mr.. Kelly travelled as the active
organizer Mr.. Saunders, however, had more
to do than any one else with the formation
of the powerful organization
f
A MOTHER early employee of the Department
( of Agriculture was Capt. John A. Harvey,
and his daughter Mrs. Elizabeth Bean, has
furnished me with sketch of him, as follows:
Capt John A. Harvey came to Washington
from West Virginia in 1877, on an invitation
from President Hayes to visit him. After
friendly visit, ne was persuaded to remain IN
washington, and in September, 1877, he was
appointed chief engineer Of the Department OF
Agriculture He served under two or three
commissioners before it was made cabinet
Office He was one of the early settlers OF
South Washington In 1879 he leased q house
on Thirteenth street, where the Publication
Building has stood for many years. Later he
bought detached house on G street near Thir-
teenth street southwest. There ne raised
large family, five daughters and one SON. At
that time and for many years all Of the diff
ferent bureaus were carried on in the one main
buiIding-the old landmark that is dear to
many hearts-now being torn down TO make
way for a new roadway to beautify the grounds,
which were laid out many years ago, In the
early 7Os, by Mr.. Saunders and Mr. Kerr, two
Scotch gardeners. There today few OF
the clerks of the main building scattered
throughout the city in the different branches
in the Bureau of Publications"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-14

p Ballard J. Grinnell, j. Moore, M Rsardon,
John G. Schott A. w Muzzy, j. NJ Kavanaugh,
C. E. Lewis, j. Budges, H. III. Etter imessenger),
e. Tonkin (wa.chman) J. E. M. Bowen assist
ant messenger and Samuel C. Dawson.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
How Old Are YOu?
sssv sss., s:'' 43
Am I Fat?-NOt Me

Yes! A year ago I had twenty.
two more pounds of fat than I
needed was fat-and very sensi-
tive about it-but now 1 say it Is
foolish for anyone to be overweight.
What did I do? Nothing very
hard, l can assure you-I cut out
pies-candy and AL sweets-ate
moderately and every morning be-
fore breakfast 1 took one-half tea
spoonful of Kruschen Salts in a
glass of hot water-Never missed q
morning.
/ lost fat-gained in energy-vig-
or-charm-and vivaciousness and
have a shapely figure / am proud
Of-anyone can do the same.
A North Carolina woman lost AZ
pounds in 3 months-a Montana
woman lost 10 pounds in weeks
Wisconsin woman IL pounds in 6
weeks.
Every druggist in the world sells
Kruschen Salts-a Bottle that lasts
weeks-costs S5 cents.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
Faith in a Few Things Best

Claiming said truly, "No one is so
tempted to believe too little as the
person who began by believing too
much" Or, rather, too many things,
trying to see in detail the fashion of
things to be, making an Atlas of Eter-
nifty. In reaction against what it deems
the over-belief of other days, our gen.
Grafton has fallen into an underbe-
lief, far below what is it's right If
our fathers asked how good is the
most that we can mean by the word
"God." their sons ask how real is the
least we cain mean by it. What we
need is not faith in more things, but
more faith in few profound things
which make us men, whence men in all
ages have derived inward sustaining
hope. For we are moved most deeply
not by many things we try to believe,
but by the few things we cannot per-
suade ourselves to disbelieve.-The
Churchman.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24

In the study of the matter of rain
fall, it has been gradually realized
that the "run-off" calls for just as
much investigation as the precipita-
tion. In fact, it has been found that
the "run-off'' is even more variable
than the rainfall The "run-off'' is
that part of rainfall which finds its
way to the streams and is available
for generating hydroelectrical power.
This 'run-off'' is not a fixed percent
age. When the ground is very dry it
absorbs all the rainfall and there Is
no "run-off" When the earth is satu-
rated practically every drop Of rain
fall runs off. Thus, when a severe
drought strikes an area usually well
watered, the drop in 'run-off' is much
more pronounced than the shrinkage
in precipitation. All Of this has been
known in a general way, but it has
taken prolonged dry spell to make
it really appreciated, and water power
plants that were planned from rain
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
3iSE3E834nH&E5
Odd War Memorial Made
From Scrap Metal Pile
LAXATIVE.TORlc for CHILDREN

A curious memorial to an officer
of the World war is to be seen at
Tfrley, in England, in the shape Of
a clock made entirely of scrap metal
and it is now doing duty in the par
ish church. 1t is the work of a resi-
dent. There are two weights which
consist of assOrtments of old iron.
They are wound up by a windlass
which previously worked a canal
lock. The driving wheel came from
a winnowing machine; and the face,
now in the church tower, was made
from pieces of old oak and deal.
Other parts OF the works are made
from the remains of a spade. bean
drill and a plowshare. The first
model refused to go. so the builder
smashed it with a hammer. Then
he started his task all over again,
and this time he has been success
full.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
Stone Newspapers

Newspapers in the form of large
stone tablets have been discovered
during excavations at Ostia, in Italy.
One is said to record the death of
Pompey in 40 B. c., and the will of
julius Caesar with his bequests to
the people of Rome. Because of his
dispatches from the war in Gaul,
Caesar is often called the father of
journalism, but 1t seems that Cicero,
born in 106 B. c., has greater claim
to his distinction. Cicero used to post
in the galleries of his villa at Tus-
culum record or journal of the pass
ing events of note, with list Of births,
deaths, and marriages. From a letter
of CicerO's it is known that he used a
system OF abbreviated writing.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24

everything but the date Of your ar
rival, and l told her that myself and
said that if Lord Archibald wanted to
see you he'd just have to wait, as you
had things concerning the estate to
settle before you were off to America"
Sir George leaned back in his chair
and surveyed this extraordinary
woman.
America! Why on earth should
go to America? Where did you get
that idea?"
1T popped into my head" said
Aggy. LADY Havilant was so fear
fully condescending like, and so feared
that you would look up Lord Archie
for loan, that l jist minded myself
that the Sandisons were one of the
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
Broadening Child Mind

An exchange of Austrian children
between city and country families,
privately arranged each summer for
several years, having proved a
great success both from the stand
point of health and the broadening
of the children's outlook on life, a
campaign has been started in Wen
ma to have such an exchange organ
lied on a large scale by the munich
pal authorities and the various child
welfare societies.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24

fall records without proper allowance
for the still greater fluctuations in
"run-off" have suffered.
The recognition of this relationship
will undoubtedly save the industry
many millions Of dollars in unprofit-
able investments and will safeguard
the consumer because of greater re-
serves that will be provided hereafter.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24

oldest baronetcies in the kingdom and
the Havilants but bare two hundred
years! So 1 wasn't letting her try to
patronize Sir Steenie's widow or his
son. l told her exactly what popped
into my head. Glad am l that l did,
for it kept burling round and round
there till it turned into as good plan
as any l could think of. SO if you
you nothing pressing to do the night,
Sir Geordie-"
He looked at her and smiled. "You
go too fast for me, Aggy. l have to
look for a place to Sleep"
"Then that's settled" Lady Sandison
declared, but the look she gave him
implored him not to refuse her, "if
you'll remember that I'm your STEP
mother and take a shakedown here at
my fiat You're that tall and I'm such
a shorty that l think you'll have to
take the bedroom, and I'll take the
sitting room couch"
To refuse, with those blue eyes,
generally so hard, fixed anxiously on
him was beyond Sir George. He tried
to. He protested, but finally found
himself saying: "I'll accept your hos
pitaIity gladly, Lady Sandison."
"Aggy."
"Aggy, but I'm to have the couch"
Lady Sandison for the first time that
evening actually smiled. II doubt It,"
she said. 81 doubt you can double up
that small, but we'll leave that until
the time comes. At present, while
the lass is clearing, We'll have the
coffee and cigarettes in the sitting
room, and I'll tell you this America
plan"
"Yes," agreed Sir George, but he set
his handsome jaw. Aggy was quite
all right and a splendid manager. She
had always been that, but she was
not going to manage him into going
to America.
Aggy saw the set jaw and began
calmly: you'll have mind when you
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
Have Had MANY Owners

The bronze horses surmounting San
Marco cathedral in Venice were made
in Corinth nearly 20 centuries ago.
They were. taken from Corinth to
Rome by Nero, to Constantinople by
Constantine, thence to Venice. and
then to Paris by Napoleon, being re
stored to Venice after his fall.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
from the bottom up and he's waiting
until they dry before he comes down."
Duty Bound

A young man leaving the sorority
house with his date for the evening,
said:
"Tell me, why did the little blond
persist in playing the victrola at the
house?"
''She is a pledge and it's her job to
keep it playing when we have dates,
so the chaperon won't hear every
word that's said," replied the coco.
The Ely miner., 1930-10-24
Healthiest

sArthur had bad case of measles"
says Mrs. Clara Gillian, 4137 Bow
doin ST., Des Moines, Iowa. "He
was having hard time until 1 gave
him California Fig Syrup. 1t regu-
lated his bowels, seemed to give
him new strength and energy.
81 have since used it for all his
colds or upsets, and it has helped
make him the healthiest boy l know"
For over fifty years, mothers have
praised California Fig Syrup. Doc
tors advise its use when children are
bilious, headachy, constipated; and
to keep bowels open during colds or
upsets. Every child loves it's rich,
fruity flavor. It is mild in action.
Look for the name California when
buying. That marks the genuine.