davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

seed. But comparing the chances of
failure at either end Of the season, early
planting is far safer than delayed
planting. The pea is legume, that is,
a user of the nitrogen of the air through
the medium of useful bacteria that de-
velop on the roots. Nevertheless, this
source of fertility is not adequate and
the use of one pound per 40 square feet
of a commercial fertilizer carrying
considerable percentage, to per cent,
of nitrogen as well as fair content of
PHOSPHORUS, and possibly also of pot
ash, is necessary. Nitrate of soda as
side dressing in moderate applications,
one pound to 200 square feet, will give
good results with peas despite the fact
that it supplies only nitrogen.
AS a rule peas beenfit decidedly from
some support for keeping the vines of
the soil. This is especially true Of the
larger vined varieties, such as Thomas
Laxton, Gradus and Telephone. A tenn
porary fence Of poultry netting fur
nishes very satisfactory support and
may last almost indefinitely If stored
after peas are harvested. Peas as a
rule, are not very remunerative crop
in the home garden, that is, the in
crease yield above the seed planted is
at times disappointing, but the quality
OF the freshly gathered product is never
disappointing. The pea is one of the
vegetables that changes in quality very
rapidly after harvesting and, indeed, on
the vine once the proper stage of ma
turity Is reached, especially in warm
weather.
Among other vegetables that may be
safely sown as soon as favorable weather
prevails are the radish, lettuce, spinach
and cabbage. The seed of these species
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15
Strawberry Sex

Some of the newer home gardeners
NAV not realize the possibility Of pur-
chasing strawberry plants which are
! unable to set fruit without having other
pollen bearing kinds nearby. Straw
berry varieties are claSsed as perfect
and imperfect according to the struc-
tlIre of their flowers. The first group
silcludes those varieties which are able
so set fruit by themselves and the
second those which have only ovaries
and very little or no pollen and are
unable therefore to set fruit unless cross
poll!nated. Hence the home gardener
should not buy the imperfect varieties
unless perfect varieties are secured at
the same time.
Fortunately, the greater part OF the
horticultural varieties of Strawberries
are in the perfect group and fortunately:
too most nurserymen are very careful
to designate the sex Of varieties IN their
catalogues. The greatest hazard would
be in purchasing plants from irregular
sources such as wayside stands.
N History tells us that the pioneer
strawberry growers in America were
sadly troubled by repeated failure OF
thrifty strawberry plants to bear fruit
until an investigative grower solved the
problem by discovering that the above
outlined sex relation was the causative
factor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

almost the wholesale rates, thus making
a decided saving for the purchasers.

almost the wholesale rates. thus making
a decided saving for the purchasers.
The Woodbridge Garden Club gave a
play February 20, entitled Mr.. Wood
ridge Hires q Gardener" The story
dealt with the efforts of Mr.. Woodbridge,
PLAYED by A. L. Foster, and Mrs. Wood
ridge. taken by Mrs. A. H. Engelbrecht,
to ind a capable man to take charge OF
their garden. Those interviewed in the
process were L. M. Clarke, who took the
part of John Greenleaf Nitrogen; DR..
r. ]. Haskell, who portrayed Starchy
Potash; w. e. Bolen, as Col. Hurry-Up
phosphate. and A. H. Engelbrecht, who
represented Calcium Limestone. Each
of these stalwart gardeners tried to sell
his merits to Mr.. and Mrs. Woodbridge
in a way that conveyed real scientific
and useful information. AS q compro-
mise all were finally hired. A clever
skit was put on by Mrs H. j. Clay and
Mrs. A. H. Engelbrecht, and several
films were shown during the evening.
The proceeds from the entertainment
will be used in planting the two beds
in front Of the new woodbridge Branch
Library.
At the March meeting Of the Wood
ridge Garden Club March w. H. Gan
naway demonstrated methods Of propa-
eating begonias, geraniums, roses and
other plants and bulbs. Several other
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

The Takoma horticultural Club has
sponsored an order for ground lime
stone for its members and friends
Buying a solid car of the material en-
ables the club to offer the limestone at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

terminates at low temperatures and
the young seedlings possess hardness:
Bean, corn, cucumber and melon seed
sown before late April or early May Is
quite certain to decay in the soil and
be a full loss to the gardener.
One cannot but admire the sturdy
narcissus and tulip, whose leaves have
within the past few days successfully
withstood 20 degrees Fahrenheit. Did
they not posses this sterling quality
they would have little value as outdoor
plants and our gardens would suffer
bitterly from their loss. The paper
white narcissus is an exception to the
rue in its genus; it is not hardy out
doors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15
Blue Eggs Invade Spain.

Tables, Chilean fowls. which lay blue
eggs, have been introduced into Spain
and are finding favor there. Spsassn
breeders are sending the birds to other
European countries. The fowls are well
known in Chile. where they are traded
bv the Araucanian Indians. The lack
of q tail serves the birds well in Chile
because the native foxes always capture
poultry by the tail.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

Garden peas may be sown now as
soon as the soil can be prepared. Nat
uarlly adapted to a cool climate. the
pea must be planted early to yield large
crops. The young pea plants are hardy
and can resist light freezing without
loss. The critical stage Is that of
for occasionally continued
cold. vet weather will rot much Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

club members also gave helpful sug-
geStions as to how to increase plant
material. The series of bulb slides Of
fered by Better Homes and Gardens as
reward for 10 subscriptions also was
shown at this meeting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

Try some of the new broad-leaved
green's to help out the spinach
crop You may have seen it in the
Winter market from the South. It's a
real addition to the list of green's.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-15

was extended to Miss Margaret Lam
caster, who has served most capably
as president for three terms ana who
has created wide interest in the gar
den club movement In this section.
1.-THE federation Is planning TO SEND
delegates to the first annual conven-
ton of the National Council of State
Garden Club Federations, to be held In
Chicago on April 8 and 9. This council
was organized here in Washington last
Nav under the direction of Miss Lam
caster and her committees of the clubs
in the local federation"
The National Capital Federation OF
Garden Clubs is comprised Of delegates
chosen by the member garden clubs and
fills a very useful place in uniting the
efforts of the widely scattered clubs in
support of important measures that
concern the welfare Of all of the clubs.
Under the able guidance of Miss Mar
garet c. Lancaster, president, and Miss
Laura A. Wadsworth, secretary, the
federation developed into a strong or
ganization.
President Aubrey B. Carter Of the
Montgomery Suburban Garden Club re-
ports that this club is now 10 months
old, has 1862 members and that enthu-
siasm is running high. 1t Is safe to
prophesy that this will always be the
situation as long as Mr.. Carter and Miss
Lulu C. Richardson, the secretary, are
in Office. Roy G.. Pierce of the Ia
koma Horticultural Club was the guest
speaker at the meeting held March z,
presenting his well known and extremely
attractive lantern-slide lecture on THE
Culture of Hardy Lilies" A quantity
of high-grade Oregon giant pansy seed
was distributed among members, with
view to holding an exhibit of pansies at
some future date. President Carter an
nounced the personnel of five principal
standing committees for the calendar
year.
The Takoma Horticultural Club has
sponsored an order for ground lime
stone for its members and friends
Buying a solid car of the material en-
ables the club to offer the limestone at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
STATIONS APPLY
FOR 4 CHANNELS
Others Expected Following
Announcement of $4,000
Watt Decisions.

The decision of the Federal Radio
Commission limiting to four to each
zone the number of channels that may
be used by broadcasting stations of
$4,000 watts power brought immedi-
ate applications for that power from
Stations WOR. Newark; XII, Los An
geles and WMAQ, Chicago. Many
more such applications are expected,
for at present there are only five full
time and three part-time stations Of
$4,000 watts power in operation and
only six others authorized to build to
that power, three Of these part time.
Under the commissions ruling, room
is made for the full-time occupancy of
20 channels by maximum power sta
lions. Stations now on cleared chan
nels are eager to boost their powers in
order to retain them free from inter-
ference, since there is vey little likeli-
hood of Implications on the majority Of
such channels. Fourteen other appli-
cations for $4,000 watts are scheduled
for hearing in the Fall.
Station WOR is being mentioned as
the New York key of a new national
network presumably backed by one of
the big motion picture companies eager
W ~ lIllO DlOduCdollIS. OlIlCS oCFcI-
ing its connection with the Columbia
chain, WOR has been operating indie
pendently and is rated as one of the
Big Four Of the metropolitan New York
area. For certain programs, it is occa-
Sionally linked with various other i'm
portant stations, including WLW of
Cincinnati and WMAQ Of Chicago, in
special network.
Another noteworthy development of
the last week in broadcasting was the
grant of authority TO the Buffalo
BroadcaSting Corporation to sell the
equipment of one of It's four stations
to the Buffalo Evening News, thus def
nitely enabling that newspaper to enter
the radio field and obviating the pend
ing litigation growing out of its charges
Of a local broadcasting monopoly.
Station KFKB, Milford, KanS, the
goat gland" broadcaster, against which
charges of improper prescriptions Of
patent medicines via radio were leveled
by the national and State medical asso-
Citations. procured an injunction from
the Court of Appeals here staying the
commissions decision ordering it of the
air. 1t was thus able to resume broad
casting after lapse of only few days.
The case will be heard by the court in
the Fall, when the stations attorneys
undoubtedly will renew their argu-
ments against an allegedly improper
exercise of the censorship authority Of
the commission.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
e Graham
McNan1ee
Speaking >

another. He very seldom has an I'M
damaged baton around by the time the
program Is ready to 60 on the air, and
studio visitors often see him conduct
ing with half baton or merely the
butt.
But on this particular day Pasternak
must have been in q Singularly toll
Grant mood for when Gregory william
son, the production man on the Job,
asked him If he thought he'd need ex-
ira time for the rehearsal, Pasternak
answered that he expected to be able
to finish up on time-and sent the
stock Of batons away. He explained
that they were of short size, so short,
in fact, that he was afraid he couldn't
beat A time with them, but only 3-4
The conductors estimate of his own
mood was correct, for he stopped his
men only Is times in the course of a
two-hour rehearsal, and then so calmly
that the original baton remained intact
Musicians who had expected Pasternak
to haze them right royalty were so re-
lieved that they went out and bought
themselves 50-cent cigars.
Speaking of beating time reminds me
OF an old anecdote some of the opera
broadcasters tell about Cesare Sodero.
Some minor repairs were necessary in
studio in which Sodero was conduct
ing rehearsal, and they couldn't wait
until later. One of the workmen busted
himself with some miscellaneous ham
mering. The orchestra nearly drowned
the sound of 1t, but it worried Sodero
badly. After some 10 or Is minutes,
when he had stood it as long as he
could, he stopped the orchestra, fixed
the hamnnerer with maestro's most
devastating frown and :. asked, MY
friend, If you must hammer, would you
mind hanhmering on. the proper beat?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
DISCUSS 2 PROGRAMS
ON SAME CHANNEL
Simultaneous Operation on Each
Coast Believed Feasible by
Some Engineers.

Feasibility of simultaneous operation
of an Atlantic and Pacific Coast sta
ton on the same clear channel may be
tested soon by the Federal Radio Com
mission.
The majority of the commission seems
disposed to make the test, although 1t
Is understood that Dr.C. B. Jolliffe, chief
engineer, and other leading engineers.
believe the arrangement would not
prove practicable. They hold that the
interference range between the stations
would seriously cut down the service
area.
On the other hand, members of Con-
greSS have contended that the commits
sion is wasting radio facilities In pro-
viding for only one station at night on
clear channels.
Advances made in synchronization,
improvement of transmitters, use of
master crystals and other developments
tend to make most of the commissioners
optimistic over the possibilities of such
q test
Should the experiment prove success
full, 1t is pointed out that much congeS-
ton could be relieved, and many berths
would be provided for stations now
clamoring for high power.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
Behind the Microphone
BY THE RADIO EDITOR.

heads of the several delegations
exactly as they were heard over
the radio. They were the gift of
Lawrence Elliott, the former radio
announcer, who now represents
the Speakophone recording inter-
ests in Washington.
This is believed to be the only
complete recording extant of the
great international broadcast
from London, although Victor
made a record of King Georges
speech, which was made avail
able to the public. The Speako-
phone reproduction is fully as
clear as the radios, with no more
and no less static distortion than
the voices suffered as they crossed
the Atlantic.
Victor also has marketed a re-
cording of Graham MacNamee's
description of Col. Charles A.
Lindbergh's triumphal return on
the cruiser Memphis. Only re-
Gently several New York expert
mentors recorded the speeches of
Thomas Edison, Guglielmo Mar
conf, Owen D. Young and Matthew
Sloan as picked up from the inter-
national broadcasting exchanges
IN connection with the Interna-
tional Power Conference at Ber-
lin.
Radio announcers use voice re-
cordingS to study their own i'm
projections. A recent report from
London said that records of
American programs are being
made as they are received via the
short waves to enable British
broadcasters to study American
technique. Political speakers are
turning to recordings to preserve
their speeches. 1t is a peculiar
phenomenon of recording that
speakers and artists, hearing the
reproductions of their talking or
singing voices, seldom can recog-
nize their own voices.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
SHORT WAVES FIND
INCREASING USES
Breakfasts from Airplanes and
Ships at Sea Now Reach
Radio Audiences.

CHICAGO (P,.-Short waves, as an
adjunct of broadcasting, are finding an
ever-increasing place in the world Of
listening In
Portable tranSmitterS, operating on
wave lengths under 100 meters. are
making it possible to pick up programs
where a microphone connected directly
to a wire line could not be used. Broad
casts from airplanes, ships at sea and
numerous other points of origin can be
brought to the radio audience in no
other manner.
Short-wave apparatus also is finding
a place in the description of track meets
and other similar events. One-man
portable transmitters have been de-
signed which can be taken directly onto
the field on the back of the announcer.
whose hand microphone permits him to
get at the heart of things without dim
Guilty.
With broadcasts where short waves
are used, the transmitter, using up to
so watts power, feeds a receiver which
at the most is not more than 40 miles
away. This receiver is directly connect
ed to the wire line leading to the broad
cast chains
Engineers, while confronted with
transmission problems on short waves
that they did not meet on the broadcast
bands, have solved many of them, and
short-wave pick-ups now are OF quail
ity that compares favorably with the
regular broadcast waves.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
RELIGIOUS SECT
STATIONS DECLINE
Commercial Institutions Are
Replacing Those Operated
by Churches.

Broadcasting stations owned by re-
ligious institutions are gradually yield
ing their places in the radio spectrum
to commercial interests. In recent
months no less than seven church sta
tons were sold and the transfer of their
licenses ratified by the Federal Radio
Commission.
Efforts of other church groups to find
a Judgement in radio are almost invari-
ably resisted by the commission, which
has shown a decided preference for
stations furnishing an all-around pro-
gram service rather than for those
with highly specialized messages. How
ever, even before the commission came
into being there were about so stations
owned by churches, theological schools
or evangeliStS.
The ranks of the so are slowly being
depleted, though some of the religious
stations, notably those owned and oper-
ated by evangelists, show no disposition
whatever to abandon radio. For the
most part churches are depending for
radio outlets upon affiliations with
tier local broadcasting stations, while
their national organizations are being
heard over the radio networks.
The church stations which recently
abandoned or offered to abandon their
licenses to commercial enterprises were
the following: WABI, First Universalist
Church, Bangor, Me-; WGBC, First
Baptist Church, Memphis. Tenn;
WNBJ, Lonsdale Baptist Church, Knox
vile, Tenn; WEMC, Emanuel Mis-
sionary College, Berrien Springs, Mich;
KGFG, Faith Tabernacle Association,
Oklahoma City: WDAH, Trinity Metho-
dist Church, Ell PaSo, Tex, and KQW,
First Baptist Church, San Jose, Calf.
Most church stations are local, low
powered affairs. Among the Sects rep
resented in the list of those remaining
are the Baptists. Methodists, Presby-
terians, Catholics Congregationalists,
Lutherans and Seventh-day Adventists.
Only few have 1000 watts or more
power, and these almost invariably are
on the air only part time as. for ex-
ample, WLWL, Kearny, N. j., owned
by the Paulist Fathers, which broad
casts only from 6 to 8 pm. daily;
WBBR, New York, and WORD, Ba-
tavia, Ill, owned by the Peoples Pulpit
Association, each sharing time three
ways with nearby stations; WMBI. Chi
cago Moody Bible Institute, which shares
time with WCBD, Zion, Ill, owned by
Wilbur Glenn, Voliva, and KTBI, Los
Angeles, owned by Aimee Semple Nc
Pherson, which shares with KGEF. Los
Angeles, owned by the Trinity Metho-
dist Church
Only a few of the church stations
themselves sell time" to commercial
sponsors of programs. Except for the
evangelists, who often solicit funds for
their stations over the air, the church
stations have found the economic bur-
den of operating broadcasting stations
too great for them. This accounts for
the willingness of many of them to sell
out On the other hand, others, like
the Peoples Pulpit Association and
Wilbur Glenn Voliva, have persistently
sought better wave lengths and more
time on the air from the Federal au-
thorities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
Major "Chain" Features

1OOh1 1.
Observation-Disclosures from Lon
don; talk by Right Rev.
James E. Freeman, Epis-
copal Bishop of WASH
ington-WMAL and G.
B. S. network.
2:30-Conclave of Nations: pro-
gram in honor of Ger
WMAL and g. B.
S. network.
7:O0-Enna Jettick melodies:
Betsy Ayres, soprano:
mixed quartet and in
strumental ensembles
WIZ, wBZ, wBAL, WJR,
WLW and others.
7:30-Choral Orchestra; popu-
lar program with Gitla
Erstinn, soprano, and
Elizabeth Davenport, con-
tralto-WRC and N. 3. G.
network.
7:45-"Chic" Sale, comedian
WMAL and c. B. S. net
work.
s:00-Majestic Theater: Nation
al High School Orchestra
-WMAL and c. B. S.
network.
S:15-Atwater Kent hour; Will
fred Glenn, bass-WRC
and NJ b Csznetwork.y
S:45-Afi hour with Shake
,speafe; 'fOthe1lo"AwJZ,
WEIAM, KDKA and
CKGW.
9:O0-Mayhew Lake and his
band-WMAL and G. B.
S. network.
9:45-"Sunday at Seth Park
er's"; rural sketch-WRC
and N. 5. c. network.
10:00-Back-home hour from
Churchill Tabernacle at
Buffalo-WMAL and G.
3. 8. network.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-07-06
SCHOOL MUSICIANS
WILL BROADCAST
Programs to Come From Or.
cheStra Camp in
Michigan.

The first of a series of eight con-
certs by the National High School Or
cheStra will be broadcast tonight by
WMAL and a network of Columbia
Broadcasting System stations during the
Majestic Theater of the Air.
The concert will come from Inter-
lochen, Mich, little spot in the north
woods, IA miles from the nearest town.
where the orchestra and the National
High School Band are in camp for the
Summer. The orchestra is composed of
$50 picked musicians, ranging in age
from l3 to 19 years, representing vir-
tually every State in the Union and
Alaska and Hawaii. There are $50
pieces in the band. In the orchestra
are two Washington boys. William
Rodier, 4515 Ellicott street, violinist,
and Frank Law, $50 Varnum street,
cellist
The programs will feature master
pieces of musical literature. The in
itial concert contains the prelude" to
Wagner's Die Meistersinger," Bee
thoven's Turkish March" and Her
bert's American Fantasia"
Another special attraction coming
over WMAL and other Columbia sta
tons is talk by Right Rev. James E.
Freeman. Episcopal bishop of the Do
cese of Washington, who is in London.
7
Piles" is Bishop Freeman's topic. He will
be heard from 1870 to 1l:45 o'clock
this morning
The regular Conclave of Nations pro-
gram will honor Germany The speaker
will be Herr Friedrich Wilhelm Won
Prittwitz und Gaffron, German Am
bassador to the United States. His
subject is American Rela-
tons"
ITr;4L A.. a...1,,.;.. 80 49, Nxy;1I
Rogers series. Mayhem Lake and his
band will occupy the period formerly
taken by the famous humorist. A
change also has been made in the time
of Jesse Crawford'S organ recital. He
will be heard at o'clock instead
of $50.
A program made up entirely of the
works of Reginald de Koven will be
presented by Josef PaSternack'S OrcheS-
ira and Wilfred Glenn, bass, during
the Atwater Kent half hour tonight
over WRC and network of other Ma
tional Broadcasting Co. stations. Glenn's
solos will be the Turnkey Song" and
Farewell to the Kings Highway" The
orchestra will play oh, Promise Me-
and the Crusaders March" from The
Canterbury Pilgrims"
Ranging from London's Strand to
Harlem's night clubs the Chase and
SIIOI al OICIlcSlld Will pICSCIlN
variety in music. Give Yourself a
Pat on the Back" Here Comes Emily
Brown" and What Is This Thing Called
Love" are the principal numbers.
In his weekly program, Sam Her
man, Xylophonist will play My SIM
"Old New England Moon" Here in My
Arms" and Around the Corner" The
Iodent Big Brother Club will present a
dramatic sketch based on the life OF
Bonnie Prince Charlie, the young pre-
tender and last of the romantic figures
in the dispute for the English throne.
WJSV has added to its regular Sun
day program a broadcast of the morn
ing service at the Fourth Presby-
terrain Church. The evening schedule
includes a presentation by the Robert
Downing Players and a concert by Ethel
Vests Singers.
VOL will broadcast the morning serv-
ice of the Calvary Baptist Church and
several musical features.