davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
ChicagO's RiOt-Cun Politics
Blamed for Her Bankruptcy

Chicago, begging for aims. is held
up as an example to other american e.1
cities who permit gang rule to empty
the public tills.
"The greatest crime in the modern
history Of Chicago" in the judgment
Of the Columbus Ohio State Journel
"has been the Encouragement Of her
business by those elected to admin
ister her government. They have
wrecked the finances of a city OF
prodigal wealth. It is perfect Illus
tration of the results Of gang govern
ment. where the first thought OF men
in control was the distribution OF re.
wards among their gang followers ano
the leaders of the gangs. Chicago mas
undergone years OF pillage at the Names
Of those paid to govern"
"Chicago politics is adding to its
malodorous record" declares the Phila-
delphia Evening Bulletin, quoting
Silas Strawn, head of the citizens COM
nittee, which has found a deficit OF
sos. 0OO, 900, and stating that he has
characterized the situation as critically
Desperate He does not seem to exag-
gerate," continues the Bulletin. When
city employees, county officials and
school teachers are working for an en-
ployer who has neither the money 70
pay them nor apparent means OF get
ting it, and when the security OF the
neonle and the public dependents are
unprovided for, complete collapse
seems imminent"
cit is all a spectacle that is melan-
choly more than amusing" says the
Portland oregon Journel. ITO what
ends may our present increasing drlIt
into crime be leading more American
cities? Could civilization be broken
down in modern times by the reck-
lessness of part of its people, as hap
pened to several ancient civiliZations?"
The Asheville Times suggests that the
trouble with Chicago, like many other
municipalities, not yet so hard put to
it financially, is that for years it has
lived beyond its income. Such living
is not unusual for cities and individu-
ais in this prosperous country. The
consequences of such living may vary,
but in their general penal charac-
teristics they are alike-and inevitable. +"
at is worth remembering" advises
the Chicago Daily Tribune, that the
greater part of the difficulties through
which Chicago does not seem able to
find a way is caused by a branch of
government the personnel of which
could not be reached by the voters when
they succeeded in cleaning out other
public Offices. City government was
only indirectly affected by the uprising.
The State got the benefit of 1t and
the sanitary district was greatly i'm
proved, but men and methods were not
changed in the city hall. Nearly all
the trouble has developed in this left
over government, which includes the
schools within its control. Where the
voting corrective took effect the re-
suits have been in the main satlsfac-
tory"
y X \ y
Were it the schools alone" thinks
the st. Louis Globe-Democrat, possibly
some way out might be found. But vari-
Gus Chicago departments are overspent,
and the school deficit Is placed at
100000. Even were private philan-
thropy disposed to render temporary
aid, what single individual or group is
prepared offhand to supply so enor-
nous a sum? The 1928 taxes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

year Is or IA, according to the theory
Of the start with zero or with one.
This is no new thing. Calendar
shifts have marked the history of civili-
Sation. There have been two systems
Of time recording, astronomical and
historical Years have been reckoned
according to the solar changes and
according to great events. Always, of
course, the solar year has governed,
but its start has differed. No religious
and no political consideration can
change the sequence of the seasons.
Primitive man doubtless recognized this
ebb-and-flow of nature and sought to
express it in some crude means Of
calculation. When in more sophisti-
Gated stages of racial development the
element Of calculation entered into
time reckoning man found himself at
a loss for exact definition. Astrono-
mers discovered that a year contains
roughly 1854 Idays and month rough
ly 2912 days. The day is the one def
nitely fixed factor. When it comes to
adapting the day to the month and
the month to the year difficulties arise
Only by dint of the addition of an
extra day every fourth year has it been
possible to keep the calendar and solar
years in approximate coincidence. But
even with this "leap-year" device there
is differential that in the course of a
long period throws the calendar out of
gear. One method of adjusting is to
drop the leap-year day once in 400
years, which is in itself only an approx
irnation, but it reduces the "slip" to
very slight fraction,
The proposed Russian calendar will
have twelve months as at present, but
each month will have six weeks of five
days each, Saturday and Sunday being
abolished Nothing is mentioned in the
present dispatches about the solar year
adjustment. The proposed calendar
accounts for only $50 days, leaving
balance Of 5A days to be accounted for
in some manner.
Several political revolutions of mag
nitude in the worlds history have been
marked by schemes of calendar chang
ing. The most recent was that of the
French Revolution, which resulted in a
short-lived revision of time reckoning,
but particularly in nomenclature. There
is no occasion for surprise at the new
Moscow move for a calendar revision.
The wonder is that something of the
sort has not been proposed before.
Perhaps, however, if it had been I'M
dertaken earlier it would not be per-
mitted, as is now proposed, to date
foreign correspondence under both the
old and the new systems of reckoning.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
Fill the Chest!

Like an army moving to the attack
Washingtonians enlisted under the BAN
ners Of the Community Chest are Ieav-
ing their trenches today and by to-
morrow the big drive will be on, The
special gifts committee, which for the
last week has been putting down a
preparatory barrage, has ceased firing
for the moment to move up the bat
ter1es while the shock troops, repre-
Sented by group solicitation units, get
into action today, to be followed to-
morrow by waves of the second line
the five regional divisions of the metro
politan unit-that win penetrate every
corner and sector of the city.
But such SMILES, useful perhaps to
visualize the machinery by which the
Community Chest collects the city's
annual contribution to charity and
welfare work, become dangerous if
used to convey the spirit of the march
forward that begins today. For the
Community Chest workers are not pene-
trating enemy country or carrying their
campaign into any but friendly terri
tory, and barrages, shock troops and
waves of the second line become mis-
nomers.
There are practical reasons why the
Community Chest idea has won and
held its ground whenever it has been
given a fair trial-reasons that lie in
Its ability to cut down useless expendi-
+ lures for overhead, to systematic the
administration of funds for welfare
work, to combine scores of small appeals
In one big appeal and to eliminate
duplication. But there is also a spirit
ual appeal that speaks through the
Community Chest to the individual
giver and furnishes him with the means
to do his voluntary part toward the
alienation Of suffering and the re-
construction of broken lives, safe in the
assurance that, however small or how
ever large that part may be, there is
definite niche for it to fill. Such
an appeal needs no barrage to make
it effective
The problem that now lies ahead of
Washington has assumed tangible pro-
portions. The special gifts committee.
having solicited special field, has Sc
cured pledges that approximate STA
600, and there is hope that through
continuation Of its work throughout
the campaign it will reach a quota of
about 100000 Beginning today a
large group of "key men," each re-
sponsible for a unit in Washington's
business and commercial concerns en-
ploying more than twenty-five persons,
will collect contributions that the Chest
authorities hope will reach $500, 900.
And tomorrow veritable host of work
ers viii begin their visits to the homes
OF Washington, now counted upon for
a contribution of more than half a
million dollars. If the various units
assigned to the work fulfill their quotas
the total Of $1,786, 737o7 sought will be
collected and the Chest will be filed.
The Chest is twenty per cent larger
this year than last. If contributors
endeavor to increase their gifts cor
respondingly, there win be no dificulty
in reaching the goal. But that is a
matter for each contributor to decide
alone. If there seems undue insist
ence that at times becomes distasteful,
remember that the motive is sincere.
There can be no doubt that the Chest
will be filled again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

will not be collectible until some time
next Spring, and the 1929 taxes that
ought to be in now will not be collectible
until late next Fall, perhaps not then.
Almost any community would be strick-
en- with the verisimilitude of mendicancy
and compelled to stand with its hat out
at the financial corners if its revenues
Of current dependency were lackadai-
sically permitted to be more than year
behindhand. . An exhibit of spe-
ciSl value for its warning force at Chi
Cages Worlds Fair in 80 would be
pageant of Big Bill Thompson's stuffed
shirt administration"
The Baltimore Sun also remarks that
"aS the situation stands, Chicago seems
faced by the necessity of going about
hat in hand begging philanthropic citi-
zenS to chip In and save her from
disaster of the first magnitude. 1t Is
certainly paying through the nose"
continues that paper, "for its indiffer-
ence to the duties of citizenship and its
supine submission to prolonged era of
political corruption, waste and ineffi-
cheney"
wherein does Chicago differ from
Jersey City?" asks the Jersey City Jour-
nal, with the reply: Chiefly in the fact
that Jersey City isn't 'broke'-yet. In
other respects there seems to be very
little difference between the two. Among
financiers and economists, scarcely any
topic has been more discussed than the
steadily mounting debts of the country's
municipalities. The financial condi-
ton of cities generally has been and is
still being most severely criticized"
Chicago needs city manager to pull
it out of its present deplorable condi-
ton. Other cities need city managers
to keep them from getting into a hole
through miSmanagement," concludes
the Great Falls Tribune. The New Or
leans Morning Tribune feels that "it is
really regrettable that at such a time
Gen. Dawes should have to serve as
Ambassador to England, leaving his city
to work out its own salvation" The
Hartford Times feels that perhaps if
the citizens of the Windy City should
be somewhat more critical and active
at city-election time and insist on more
honesty and efficiency in their munich
pal officials, they would not be con-
fronted with this kind Of a perplexing
mess"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
World Masterpieces
Gathered i'm Exhibit

From the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
The statement that the $50 master
pieces of art which Italy has sent to
London for an exhibition, opened on
New Year day, are worth $4,000, 900,
Is merely by way of satisfying mod
ern urge to place money values on
everything. There is no telling what
these canvases would bring at public
sale, the only true measure of material
worth. They are the properties of
museums and will never be sold. It
is certain, however, that the sum named
is but nominal. Governments might
pay that much for only few of these
1rreplaceable works.
Romance, world applause, the test of
the centuries and the fame associated
with their names have placed the great
Italians apart among the old masters.
There is q special place reserved for
Raphael, Titan, Tintoretto, Giorgione,
Botticelli, Veronese. Correggio, Bellini,
PisaneIo and many another. All these
hibit.
Not even in Italy have so many pic
lures by the nlustrious men of the past
been brought together in one gallery.
Inc temporary collection Is really q
world event for art lovers, interest in
which Is enhanced for America by the
1acL that some historic italian paint
ings owned in this country are to be
hung In Burlington House at the same
time, and by the possibility that the
great group may be kept together for
exhibition later in this country. The
Italian display will be third for foreign
masters, the first being for Flemish
artists and the second for Dutch. In
every case the museums, royal and
private galleries were combed for the
best. Governments assisted in urging
cooperation; in the case of italy, Mus
solini took personal interest and helped
to give the display national significance
as the ship carrying it sailed.
The whole probably will prove to be
one OF the greatest art attractions ever
brought together.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

This newspaper puts at your disposal
a corps OF trained researchers in WASH
ington who will answer questions for
you. They have access to the Gov
eminent departments, the libraries,
museums, galleries and public buildings,
and to the numerous associations which
maintain headquarters in the Nations
Capital. If they can be of assistance
to you, write your question plainly, and
send with 2 cents in coin or stamps
to The Evening Star Information Bu-
reau, Frederic j. Haskin, director,
Washington, d. G.
\ \
@. Are the men who give Amos and
Andy over the radio the same that were
Sam and Henry?-P. I. H.
A. Gosden and Corren were first a
vaudeville team and went on the air in
1925 as Sam n Henry. At the expira-
ton of that contract, they started the
Amos N Andy series.
@. How many aviation schools are
recognized by the Department of Com
merce?-A. E. P.
A. About thirty schools of aeronautics
have been approved by the Department
of Commerce.
@. What State has the greatest per-
centage of land capable of cultivation?
IS. E.
A. Iowa claims the largest proportion
of actually arabic land.
@. Who first owned Harpers Ferry?-
E. S.
A. The first settlement was made by
Robert Harper in 1747. He ran ferry
across the Potomac at this point.
@. Where were friction matches first
made?-M. A.
A. The first true friction match was
not invented until 1927 by man named
John Walker of Stockton-onTeeS, Dur
ham, England. Ignition of sulphur and
phosphorus by friction was discovered
by Godfrey Haukwitz in 1880, and it
, was $50 years before this discovery was
applied to matches.
@. Is Eleanor Spencer, the pianist, an
American?-J. s.
A. She is an American of pure Amer
lean stock. A great part of her musical
education was received in Europe under
Leschetizky.
@. Has the Nicaraguan Canal been
started?-W. B.
A. A brigade Of Army engineers is
making a survey Of the proposed Mica
raguan Canal site in order to estimate
the cost of building such canal also
| it's advisability. The work Of surveying
will probably take two years or over.
@. Who gave Louisiana its Manner
G. T.
A. 1t was named by Robert de la Sale,
Mississippi navigator, in 1882 in honor
of Louis XIV of France.
@. How many people are there in the
Irish Free State?-S. M.
A. It's population is 2,972,S02. It's
area is 26,592 square miles. Northern
Ireland, or Ulster, has an area OF 5,237
square miles and population OF 1885, 322.
@. Why is water coming from a deep
well cold, when we are told that beyond
the earths crust the temperature in
creases?-M. A. S.
A. Only few feet Of earth on the
very surface is affected by the daily
range In temperature. There Is then
larger layer upon which neither the
surface temperature nor the tempera-
ture of the inside of the earth has any
effect. Then comes the layer where the
temperature of the earth increases l
degree for every so to rs feet one goes
into the interior of the earth. The cold
water comes from the layer which Is
unaffected by temperatures from within
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
Russia's New Calendar.

If the proposition that has been adj
vanced at Moscow is adopted, Russia
will again change its calendar. 1t now
has two scales" of time recording and
historians must compute their reckon
ings in "old style" and new style.
That Is confusing enough, but now it
is planned by a governmental commits
sion which has just made an afarma-
tive report to shift the calendar again
making the year start on the 7th Of
November, the anniversary Of the boil
shevik revolution, and begin all time
reckoning from that day in 1917. In
other words, If this plan Is carried
through, November Z, 1880, viii, accord
ing to the newer style of Russian
chronology. be the FIRST day Of tbs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

of the scheme and threat of prosecution
fed to Italy, where he is now resting In
security owing to the fact that under an
old treaty offenders Of this particular
type cannot be extradited. This man
was the one who proposed the forging
of stock certificates when the scheme fol-
the consolidation of British steel indus
tries was imperiled through lack of capt.
tai.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

value. This has added-not to the sub
stance of this fine study. Rather has IL
added only a tinge of color here, q
shade of liveliness there, a fresh CLEAN
of the communicable spirit of Franklin
to add another touch of realism at this
point or that one. read Bernard Fay's
Franklin" exactly as I read an un-
usually fine novel-leaving it with re-
luctance, hurrying back to it at the first
chance in an ardor about which there
was no shadow of unhealthy. One read
ing will not do at all. We shall all read
1t more than that. For here is an
artists work Of creation, with a scholar
close by, but not close enough to spoil
the picture with the pure scholars
endless yearning for details whose effect
is confusion and distaste for the reader.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

the earth OF on the surface of the earth.
In some places we have thermo springs
where the water comes from a depth
below this in the region which is infiu-
enced by the heat from within the
earth.
Q. Is Abdul Bahia still living?--
A. This head and teacher of the
Bahai religion died in 1921 at the age
OF II: He appointed his eldest grand
son, Shoghi Effendi, as first guardian of
the cause.
O. What color was Beatrice's eyes2--
A. Dante speaks of them as emeralds.
@. What became of the land given to
Gen. Lafayette in recognition of his
services to this country?-J. Med.
! A. The land granted to Gen. La
fayette Is in Florida-all of township l
| north, range east, containing % ,028.50
acres, was granted by Congress to Gen.
! Lafayette December %, 1924, and title
passed to him July 4, 1926. 1t was sold
by order of Gen. Lafayette many years
since, and is now owned by great
many different persons.
@. In running locomotive, can the
throttle be open so wide that 1t hinders
the engine from giving its greatest
power by choking 1t with too much
A. 1t would not be possible to hinder
the operation Of a steam locomotive
with throttle wide open unless the boiler
were over-cylindered and valves not
| properly set to admit exhaust OF steam
For instance, there is no need of carry
ing $50 pounds OF steam and then
open the throttle only enough to admit
| I'm n 17E YNOIfV1de into tho cknQn1 chest
When the throttle is not wide open, the
steam is re-drawn and this Is done
to overcome other defects.
@. How large price has been paid
| for a single pearl?--J. H.
| A. AS much as 100000 has prob
ably been paid for single pearl. Dur
may have been valued at even higher
| figures.
| @. How many people are employed in
the Community Chest drive in the Dis
trict of Columbia? What are they paid?
H. T. A.
all volunteers with no compensation.
@. When was the chevy Chase Club
foundedP-M. N. p.
A. It's secretary says that the Chevy
| OLdSe CIuD WAS Originally d NUM- Clup
and the present site was for some years
the meeting place of the Hounds. There
was an informal organization which
later became an organized club and was
Incorporated in 1892 and reincorporated
in 1893 The old farm house was used
as the club house until 1912, when the
present club house was occupied. 1t was
organized by prominent Washington
people and as there was never any COM
mercial feature in the organization it is
difficult to say when or exactly how it
grew and developed in the early stages
It is fair to say that the original MEM
bers were all of the best type of old
Washingtonians, together with the
diplomatic set and with a few of the
official set. There have always been a
large number of Army, Navy and Ma
rine Corps officers in the club. Also
most of the Supreme Court have always
been members.
O. Where is the ink bought with
which our paper money is printed?-
E. j. G.
A. The Bureau of Engraving and
Printing says that the ink which is used
in making American paper money is
made by the bureau and for that reason
| is not on the market,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

It is evidently De Rivera's desire to
retain Office. He speaks of submitting
himself to a sensational and decisive
test. The Spanish premier does not
admit that a change might be reason
able in the course of events. Few
statesmen have the conscientious nerve
required for that simple phrase. "I do
not choose"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

Russia is imposing the death penalty
for theft. This is an experiment in re-
form that has often been tried and
that has never yet worked out salts
factorily.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Beneath the Snow

Beneath the Snow.
Beneath the snow are violets blue,
And Sanguinaria blossoms, too;
And the Spring beauties" to express
A thought of lavish loneliness.
A little patience must be ours
Until the thaw reveals the how'rs.
Often the joys that life will show,
Like blossoms, wait meath sorrows snow
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

His employment in an advisory ca
pacity must require patience on the part
of Lindbergh in view of the many avi-
ators who refuse to take any advice
whatever.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

Telephone investigation is to be
based on a suspicion that the COM
panies have been giving wrong num-
bers in their schedules of rates to the
subscriber.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

It requires brave man to be a police
man and face not only physical danger
but fire of criticism that is often
unwarranted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

Whatever may be his views on prohi-
bition, Senator does not necessarily
admit that any and every dry agent
is necessarily an acquisition to his own
State.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
New Story: Old Theme.

From the Toledo Blade.
Chicago finances seem to have beer
taken for a ride.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

Antarctic explorers have been enter
tanned by radio. News they send of
their safety is more than sufncient as
q cheering reciprocity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

In the study of crime prevention
some consideration might properly be
given to what looks like a free dis
trihution Of firearms in the underworld.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
Who Said Talk Is CHEAP?

From the Wheeling Intelligencer.
Talk may be cheap, but New Yorl
will spend $120,000,00O to improve it
telephone service this year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
ANYWAY. 1t Hasn't Been Tried

From the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
Perhaps Mr.. Coolidge will come back
from his sponge fishing in Florida with
a workable prohibition enforcement
idea.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28
Genius.

Though Education has fine ways,
True Genius always gets the start.
The best of eggs our old hen lays
With no instruction in the art.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-28

From the Paterson PRESET Guardian.
There were men who went on reduc-
ing diets In the old days, but posterity
calls them poetsaA