Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-12

The next Senate Is certain to con-
tain many new faces due to retirements.
voluntary and involuntary. Six Sena-
tors whose terms are ending did not
choose to rum In 1880 for one reason
or another. They are Baird of New
of West Virginia, Gould OF Maine,
Phipps of Colorado and Sullivan of
Wyoming, all Republicans. Five 9TH
ers. Deneen of Illinois and Grundy of
Pennsylvania, Republicans. and Blease
South Carolina: Ransdell, Louisiana,
and Simmons of North Carolina, Demo-
Gratis, did not survive the primaries in
their States. Added to these IL may
be other Senators who will not make
the grade in November, when 35 Senate
seats will be contested for in "a States.
The political mortality rate among
Senators In the primary season just
closing was much higher than among
national Representatives. Five defeats
out of 20 starts afford startling con-
traSt to the success of 20 Of every so
House members who sought renomi-
nation. Even though the election brings
no Senate upsets the turnovers in that
oody since Herbert Hoover became Pres
ident will include two designations
Edge of New Jersey and Sackett of
Kentucky, three deaths Burton of
Ohio, Tyson of Tennessee and Warren
of wyoming, one disbarment Ware of
Pennsylvania), six retirements and I'VE
defeats, total of II in two years.
Seven men who have sat as Senators,
six Democrats and one Republican, are
seeking seats in the next Senate
Thomas F. Bayard, Delaware; Peter q.
Gerry, Rhode Island; Thomas P. Gore,
Oklahoma; Gilbert M. Hitchcock, Ne
braSka; J. Hamilton Lewis, illinois, and
M. M. Nicely, West Virginia, Democrats.
and William M. Butler, Massachusetts,,
Republican. Their success would mean
the return of familiar faces to offset, in
a measure, the new faces which are
certain to appear. Two additional ia
miliar faces may be expected, inasmuch
as the chances for election of Secretary
of Labor Davis in Pennsylvania and
Ambassador Dwight w. Morrow in New
Jersey are believed to be excellent.
Next to the field of exes" the House
of Representatives is the greatest
feeder" Of Senate candidates this year.
Four distinguished members of that
body have been nominated for seats at
the opposite end of the Capitol. They
are Wallace White, Maine, who already
has been elected; Mrs. Ruth Hanna
Mccormick, Illinois: Cordell Hull, Ten
nesSee, and L. J. Dickinson, Iowa. In
addition two former Representatives
have been nominated for the Senate
James r. Byrnes in South Carolina,
where success in the Democratic pri-
maries Is equivalent to election, and
Robert j. Buckley in Ohio. The House
has always been a training school Tor
Senators. supplying, as rule, about
one-fourth of the Senate's membership.
Thirty of the thirty-four States nomi-
mating Senate candidates in 1880 use
the State primary system. Only Idaho,
Delaware, New Mexico and Rhode Is
land made selections In State nominat-
ing conventions. The primary season
will come to a close next Tuesday when
New York, Massachusetts and Wlscon-
sin will vote. OF these States, only
Massachusetts will name candidates for
the Senate. The contests there in both
parties are calculated to supply thrills
for the curtain drop
The Democrats must win 10 seats
now held by the Republicans to gain
control of the Senate. This will re-
uuire victories in % of the "a States
electing Senators by virtue of the fact
that Is CT the Senators whose terms
are expiring are Democrats. AS the
number of doubtful States Is only IA
or is, both parties will concentrate in
a comparatively small area. To gain
control of the House the Democrats
must capture Sd Republican seats in
addition to holding those they now
have. This means a campaign of much
wider area than that for Senate seats.
A Republican loss of 80 seats would
not cause great surprise, inasmuch as
the party in power won about that
number in excess of its normal strength
in the Hoover sweep of 1923. This
leaves "a Republican seats and a neg
ligible number of Democratic seats for
the two parties to battle over, negligi-
bic because the party out of power
was reduced to virtually minimum
strength in the last election.