davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1930-05-09
Stores Hard Hit AS Millions
Lose Work and Income
A f. OF l.. Pleads For Yearly Wage to Preserve Living
Standards-Slight Improvement Reported in April

Washington, d. c. ILNS)-Why
are grocers, dry goods stores and
| other merchants complaining that
business is so slow, asks the Amer
lean Federation of Labor in its
monthly unemployment report, cover
ing April. The federation answers by
showing that the huge sum of money
lost by millions of unemployed wage
earners is responsible for "slow bust
ness"
Using its reports on unemployment
from more than $4,000 trade union
, members, combined with other infor-
nation, the federation estimates that
in February 100000 workers were
idle. This figure does not include cas-
ual labor, unskilled farm workers and
office workers.
The 100000 out of work in Feb
ruary lost over $400000,000 in wages,
we estimate" the federation's report
says. Since unemployment was
nearly as high in January and March
as it was in February, according to
our figures, those out of work in the
first three months this year lost over
| ST 1,000,0 900 in wages That is, if
these men had not been standing idle,
they could have created over billion
dollars worth of wealth, and the coun-
try as a whole yas well as the men
themselves, would have been that
much richer
No Wonder Merchants Suffer
"The wealth these unemployed
workers could have created would buy
the goods all the factories in the
country produce in one week; or, it
would pay for all the buildings con-
structed in all parts of the country in
three weeks, or buy all the automo-
biles manufactured in three months,
or all our steel mills turn out in five
months. When this wealth has been
eliminated by unemployment, and
100000 wage earners are without in
come, no wonder our stores are Ian
gushing for customers.
"Here is another striking fact
shown by our unemployment figures.
"In the two and a half years we
have collected reports from trade
unions, the average unemployment
has been Ia per cent. This indicates
that the average wage Garner can
probably count on being out of work
about ID per cent of the time each
year, or IA weeks. Consequently he
will lost ia weeks earnings. Apply
ing these figures to weekly wages,
men who earn $50 a week lose on the
average 1864 a year from unemploy
ton of $6.71 a week in wages. That
! is, the man who earns $50 week and
is unemployed the average length of
time must reduce his standard of liv-
ing to $43.29 a week to support his
family the year round. For he must
save in good times to carry them over
| the weeks when he is out of work
Families live by the year, but
wages are paid by the week. If
wages were paid by the year it would
save an enormous amount of anxiety
and preserve living standards"
Slight Drop Reported
The federation's report shows that
unemployment of organized wage
earners was only one per cent less in
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1930-05-09
EMPLOYMENT DROPS

Washington,-Th widely-heralded
prosperity that would appear at the
opening of spring has not appeared,
according to theUnited States Bureau
of Labor Statistics.
Reports from manufacturing and
seven other major industrial groups
showed a decrease in employment of
one per cent in March, as compared
with February, and decrease in pay
roll totals of one and one-half per
cent.
March is supposed to usher in
spring prosperity.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1930-05-09
HUGE CHAIN PROFITS

New York The Great Atlantic and
Pacific Tea Company, which operates
a nationwide chain of grocery stores,
rpeorts profit last year of $26,219,-
631. This is equivalent to SLIT for
each share, and is after depreciation,
federal taxes mad all other charges
were met.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1930-05-09
FOOD COSTS DROP

Washington.-A decrease in retail
food prices Of slightly less than per
cent between March and February
Is is reported by the United States
Bureau Of Labor Statistics.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1930-05-09
Cur figures are as follows:
per Cent of Union Members
Unemployed
Preliminary. =

IVIIIIIIIIeII y
"The usual seasonal improvement
has brought improvement in the tex
tile industries, however, and quick
ening of trade has brought better
conditions in the trade and service
industries and also in delivery trades.
Wage earners are getting to work in
seafaring and shipping trades as the
spring season opens, and A per cent
fewer are unemployed. On the rail
roads also the situation is better"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1930-05-09
CARPENTERS RAISE WAGE

albuquerque, N. Mex. Organized
carpenters raised wages to $40 a day
for a five-day week.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
MARKET
firm As new
!. /. WEEK OPENS

NEW YORK, Aug. IS 0N.S0
With the exception of the oils,
which wobbled on the prospect Of
q further addition to the burden
some surplus Of crude oil, the
stock market was firm at the be
ginning Of the new week, with
most of the railroad, industrial,
and utility favorites at higher
price, levels. Business and indus
trial news was unchanged over
the weekend, but Wall Street was
cheerful in anticipation Of an up
turn in important lines after
Labor Day.
The market was dull and in
active in the second hour, with
speculative trading held back by
the coming triple holiday. The
airplane stocks, under the lead OF
United Aircraft, pushed ahead to
slightly higher price levels. United
Aircraft sold around "a, up 2
points to the best level in two
months. Loew's and Radio-Keith
sold fractionally higher, in the
lead of the amusement stocks,
which, as group, commanded
higher prices. New York Central,
up 212 points, led the way for the
rails.
Standard Oil Of New Jersey was
under pressure and sold down
about points at 681a. Atlantic
Refining, Sinclair, Mid Continent,
and other well-known oils fell off
about a point on the average.
National Power and Light and
United Corporation received the
most attention in the low-priced
utilities, and reached slightly
higher prices.
Call money renewed at 2 per
cent, with funds offered outside"
at 1h per cent. Cotton advanced
q few points in the early trading.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
BAKER PROBING
EATON FIRMS

YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio, Aug. Is
(TN.S.).-Detailed examination Of
the ramifications of the numer-
GUS and vast ventures in finance
and industry Of Cyrus S. Eaton,
Cleveland financier. was resumed
in Common Pleas Court here to-
day as trial Of the billion-dollar
Injunction suit against the merger
Of Youngstown Sheet and Tube
Company with Bethlehem Steel
Corporation went into its thirty,
second day.
Newton D. Baker, former Secre'
tary Of War and chief counsel for
sponsors of the merger. sought to
learn from Cyrus e. Eaton,
gel1eraliSsimo of the anti-merger-
lists, the inside history Of his vari-
GUS investment companies. The
inquiry was, in fact, challenge
to Eaton's good faith in opposing
the consolidation Of Sheet and
Tube with Bethlehem.
The right to test Eaton's credi-
bility was won before adjourn.
ment last Friday by Baker, after
a heated and prolonged argument
with opposing attorneys. Baker
claimed that intimate details Of
= the financier's interests were
necessary in order to reveal the
motives which actuated his opposi.
tion to the merger deal.
Among the Eaton enterprises
which Baker has subjected to at
tack is Continental Shares Cor.
poration. Eaton declared, under
direct examination last week.
that this concern was organized
to bring back to Ohio enterprises
that had passed to New York
control"
The Cleveland financier is ex.
pected to be under gruelling cross
examination for at least three or
four days.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Cost of LiUi1,g Reduction
To New Lou Predicted

A further drop in the cost o1
living is predicted by the Alexan
der Hamilton Institute. Although
foods and rents promise to hole
firm, clothing, house furnishings
fuel and light, and miscellaneous
items are likely to be cheaper. The
current issue of the Institutes
Weekly sizes UP each division oi
the household budget as follows:
Retail food prices showed q
further decrease in July, but 1t
is probable that this represented
practically the bottom of the
current decline. The prospect is
that retail food prices will show
a firmer tendency during the
next twelve months. Retail and
wholesale food prices move
fairly close together and whole
sale prices are now showing q
firmer tendency as the result of
the drought.
Clothing Off l Per Cent
'"The cost Of clothing, which
represents on the average 1876
per cent Of living expenditures,
declined / per cent during the
first six months of 1880. A fur
ther decline is in prospect be-
cause of the present low prices
of cotton, wool, silk and rayO1.
Rents, which account for
1874 per cent Of the total cost
of living, declined 1.5 per cent
during the first half Of the
year. ANY marked further de-
crease in rents in the i'm.
mediate future is likely to meet
with considerable resistance as
the result of the prolonged
curtaiIment Of residential build
ing.
"The cost Of fuel and light
is still relatively high as COM
pared with the cost of fOOd,
clothing and rent. During the
first six months of 1880, fuel
and light prices declined S.S
per cent on the average. Some
further reduction is probable
although the new agreement
between anthracite operators
and miners to continue the
previous wage scale is an Op-
posing factor. Fuel and hgnt
represent 5.3 per cent Of the
average famiIy's total expendi-
lures.
Miscellaneous Gains
''The cost Of house furnish.
ings, which account for 81 per
cent of expenditures, declined
IL per cent during the first
half of this year but they are
still far out Of line with other
items in the cost Of living.
Lack of demand due to the
small number Of residences to
be furnished promises to force
further price reductions.
"The cost Of miscellaneous
items which represent FLA per
cent of the money the average
family spends and which in
clude street car fares, moving
pictures, newspapers, phySi-
clans fees, medicine, hospital
fees for wards, dentists fees,
speCtacIes, laundry, cleaning
supplies, barber service, toilet
articles, telephone rates and to-
baccO, were the only cost which
increased during the first half
Of 1880. The cost Of misceI-
laneOus items are relatively
much higher than the cost Of
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
WESTERN ROAD
To IMPROVE

CHICAGO, Aug. %. ". v,
Boatner, president of the Chicago
Great Western Railroad. said to.
day the Great Western is con-
tinuing on it's aggressive 1890
program of improvement despite
the general reduction in traffic
volume and revenues which has
hit all railroads. Large equip
ment purchases, increased main
tenance work and steps to i'm
prove the operating efficiency
and economy of the road have
been vigorously prosecuted since
the first Of the year.
"Our attitude is best evidenced
by the fact that we have just
ordered Is new heavy freight
locomotives for delivery in No
vember," Mr.. BOatner said.
"This was q duplicate Of one
filled earlier this year and will
give the Great Western 80 Of
the latest type locomotives, Ca
pable Of handling a Substanti-
ally additional volume of traffic.
We expect to not only improve
service, but effect additional
economies through the opera
ton of this new power equip
ment.
Maintenance and improve
ment work has been conducted
on an increased scale since the
first Of the year. While the
Great Western has suffered
from smaller revenues along
with other railroads, we have
the utmost confidence in a re-
turn Of prosperity and the fur
ther development of the terri.
tory we serve.
1--WE are making every effort
to improve efficiency and pre-
pare for the increased demands
on our service that will come
with a revival of business"
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Produce Exchange
Lists Gen. Gas Issues

The Securities Market on the
New York Produce Exchange has
admitted to trading the following
issues of General Gas and Electric
Corporation; Az per cent serial
gold notes, 1881; 5 per cent serial
gold notes, 1882; 5 per cent serial
gold notes, 1888; per cent serial
gold notes, 1884; S per cent serial
gold notes, 1885.
The following issues have also
been admitted to trading: 92,263
shares. The Thermatonic Corp,
common stock, no par: Associated
Gas and Electric Company, con-
vertible S per cent gold deben-
TIRES, 1850; Paler Shares Corp, :,
interim receipts for certificates for
National Industries Shares, series
A; Major Shares Corp, interim
receipts for bearer certificates for
Major Corporation Shares.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
.SNEL[S
CONSTRUCTION

Activity in public work in the
country as a whole was slow dur.
ing the past week but plans for a
bridge over San Francisco Bay.
from Rincon Hill to Yerba Buena
Island. thence to Key System Pier
site to Alameda County, to cost
$4,000, 900, swelled that branch Of
construction proposals to a total
Of $78,244,42O. out of an aggregate
Of sos. .O35, 400 in all branches Of
construction for the week.
This compares with $37, ,528, 900
in the preceding week and $64,-
$4,000 in the same week last
year, the McGraw.Hill Construc.
ton Daily reports.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Elect Rl1H1asey Marine
Midland Director

Dexter p. Rumsey, of Buffalo,
was elected a director of Marine
Midland Corporation, it was an
nounced yesterday.
Directors Of the corporation de-
clared the regular quarterly divi-
dend Of 80 cents, payable Septem-
per 80 to holders Of record Sep
tember 4.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
w s
In Today's
CLASSIFIED ADS


SUBURBAN HOME FOR SALE
Riverdale Heights, Md; attractive
fOur-rOOm bungalow, newly papered;
strictly white neighbOrhOOd: S1OO
down, $50 month.
FURNISHED APARTMENT FOR
RENT-I.0vely three-rOOm apart
ment. entire floor: also One-roOm
kltchenette; everything furnished:
all modern improvements; instant
hot, water.
AUTOMOBILE FOX sALE-FOrd
Station Wagon, suburban JOdy, ca
paclty passengers; rear seat re-
movable, converting same into half
ton truck: excellent for @ country
club, tea room or small farm;
this car used In company service:
may be purchased at q substantial
reduction In price.
UNFURNISHED APARTMENT FOR
SALE-Six-rOOm house; gas, cleo
tricity, bath: large yard; &S5.
CHILDREN BOARDED - Private
school; children from four 10 Ten
years; individual Instruction. han.
py atmOspher0 for retarded or COM
Vaiescent children near Washington.
UNFURNIsHED Room FOR RENT
Kennedy st. N. w.. three large
rooms for light housekeeping; heat,
gas. electricity; $50 month.
TAese are ''sidelichts' on some Of asaa
Interesting 0dpeyfiseRenfs VOW triU find q
0aaEs TtRS 0ad Herald CiaSstfis6 A6s.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
rs Companies in
Canal Boat Mercer

Stimulated by the proposal Of
the Federal Government to take
over the Erie Canal, 16 individual
barge concerns today effected a
merger. The combine will in
volve more than 100000 and
will have 100 barges and 10 tug
boats. William e. Hedger, Of the
Hedger Transportation Company,
will be president Of the new
company. It is also believed that
other companies will enter into
the combine.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25

any factor in living expendi-
lures and is therefore especially
susceptible to deflatiOn.
"The prospect is that the
total cost Of living will continue
to decline during the coming
twelve months despite the firm
position Of food and the sup
porting factors in the rent stu
alton"
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Insolvency Record
improves Further

Such change as appears in the
Insolvency record this week is in
the direction of improvement.
Thus. the 436 failures reported to
r. D. Dun & Co., are slightly be-
low the AL defaults Of last week
and show a. wider reduction from
the 452 inSolvencies two weeks
ago. Normally, a declining trend
is witnessed at this season, but
the present total is 81 above the
399 failures year ago. Com
pairing with last weeks returns,
the betterment this week is in
the East and on the Pacific
Coast, where the decreases more
than offset the increases in the
South and the West.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Cigarette Output
In July Sets Record

Domestic cigarette production
in July was 1883, ,395,542, a new
high record and an increase Of
134,13S,751 cigarettes over July,
1929. Cigars, 562, ,99O.133. a de-
crease Of 57,646,s35: manufac-
tured tobacco, 2s,O1S;05s pounds,
a decrease Of 1,sO6,O41 pounds.
Manufactured snuff increased 75.-
834 pounds to 2,945,789 pounds.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Spair. Acts to Check
PesetG Speculation

MADRID, Aug. 25.-The Span
ish minister Of finance stated
today he hoped to check specula-
tion in pesetas by confining pur-
chase Of foreign money drafts,
bonds, &C.. to the Bank Of Spain
and requiring that these transac-
tions must be justified by docu-
mentary evidence Of absolute
necessity.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Special Notices

INFORMATION of the Ancestors beginning
back in Spain, India, France and Eng.
lang of Mr.. Warren Gillespie, Mr.. Edward
seemed to have lived In the seventeenth
century: reward for valuable knowledge
relating to any of these folks of connec.
tions and anything pertaining to a viii
through them. Address: A. r. Gillespie
Tuskegee Alabama
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
British Notes Go
At LOIUer Discount

LONDON, Aug. %. Prelimi-
nary figures indicate this weeks
allotment Of &35, 100000 British
Treasury, three months bills, was
allotted at an average discount of
about E2, Is, Sd compared with
the actual allotment last week
of 60, 4S 4 3-7d.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
MeStn Machine Co.
On So Annual Basis

Mesta Machine Company di-
rectorS yesterday declared q
quarterly dividend of SO cents on
common stock. placing the stock
on a 50 annual basis, payable Oc-
tober / to stockholders of record
September Is.
In the previous quarter of this
year. the regular quarterly divi-
dend of 10 cents and an extra
Of 10 cents were paid.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25

1II2 SO AonILe PEOu A0UI s74 20 va q
Ex dividend Ex righta Plus !% 10 stock , sPs,y:
pta bPayabIe in stock Payable when earned ePay.
IbIe in lOTs stock Plus 81 IN
b d So & Plus
IL in stock N Plus 9-8% Plus Sc stock
approval stockhoIdeTR Plus extraR SUnl
esa than sharea
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
COMPLETE QUOTATIONS ON THE NEW YORK CURB MARKET

W. direct wire from Exchange
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
Educational
INSTRUCTION COURSES

INSTRUCTION COURSES 40
COACHING COURSEs-CTERTC1L TESTS
for o. S. Civil Service examination
September 9th.
CAPITAL CITY COMMERCIAL COLLEGE
.lSSF IN TVIQ IAV 4 N 0FSL
EXCEPTIONAL COURSE in sewing, cutting.
designing. Your own material cut, de-
signed free OF charge. Reas. rates Ad. 1O012
EXCEPTIONAL Short Courses INQUIRE to-
PIANO TEACHER of long experience start
ing new class Will give lessons at your
home or studio. Phone Ga. 2990.
The Washington times., 1930-08-25
OIL STOCKS

Furnished by W. B. HibDs Coz
The Washington times., 1930-08-25

MEN-wanted white men. of neat 30:
pearance as salegmen on trains: small
| peFience unnecessary. Apsly Union News
Co. East Basement Union Station.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-01
OIL INDUSTRY STARTS
1890 IN GOOD SHAPE

The petroleum industry of the United
States enters the year 1880 with very
favorable outlook, officials assert. The
more favorable situation that now ex-
lists is partly due to the cooperation
practiced among producers during the
closing months of 1929. This co-opera-
ton resulted in curtailing crude pro-
duction in line with actual consump-
tive requirements. while at the same
time both the producing and refining
branches operated on a more Satisfac-
tory basis Based upon the best opin-
ion prevailing in trade circles, there is
every indication that this co-opera-
ton will continue for some time.
It Is rather difficult to estimate the
probable production Of crude petroleum
during 1880. An estimate of the
amount of consumption, however, is
more easily aScertainable. Based upon
reliable trade estimates, it appears
that the percentage of gain in domestic
consumption of gasoline for 1880 will
amount to as much as 5 per cent.
But as each year shows a larger con-
sumption. 5 per cent gain on the
present scale is by far greater than a
| 20 per cent gain some years back, thus
assuring the industry profitable opera
| tons provided current cooperation in
the industry continues as is expected
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-01
Totals $3.50. sl,4sl, 390,72s sI,435. 725, 500
Other Cities Surpassed.

Supplementary to these figures, which
reflect so much business activity on the
mercantile screen, the Federal Reserve
Bank Of Richmond recently reported
trade in the National Capital to be we'll
ahead Of most of the other cities in the
country. 1t was also ahead of the gen.
eTal average for the IL Federal Reserve
districts.
But it would be inaccurate to state
that business here in all lines has been
ahead of last year or the year before.
It has not. The fifth district Federal
Reserve Bank has reported a large
number of small failures in this city, as
we'll as all over the district. It has been
such hard year that many concerns
have gone to the wall. The sun has
not been shining in every business cor
ner by any means, and black clouds
are still hanging over a portion of the
business horizon.
Washington brokerage houses, how
ever, have enjoyed a year Of remark
able prosperity, the mania for stock
speculation, as we'll as of conservative
investing. having boosted commission:
almost to the skyline. The brokerage
business has been quiet since the break
but the first 10 months of the yeal
showed record profits.
During the year Harris & Voss opened
a Washington Office, NJ. j. Meehan
Co started business in the Washington
Hotel and F. B. Keech e. 90. moved
into new Offices in the metropolitan
Club, at Seventeenth and H streets
Macublin Goodrich & Co. took owe
the Washington office OF Clark, Child
g. Co.
Focusing the spotlight on the Wash
jrgton Stock Exchange brings out tn
fact that transactions have surpasse'
ell other 12-month periods. There ha
been steady demand for local stock
end bonds. Even during the hotties
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-01-01
LARGE RADIO FIRMS
IN STRONG POSITION
B. ]. Grisby Declares Troubles of
Small Companies Were
Expected.

Radio, being a new industry, has
gone through the same throes as have
been experienced by every major in
dustry in the past, and to mention two
OF the most recent ones-the automo-
bile and monograph industries" says
B. j. GriSby.
THE personal appeal of radio at
tracted large number of people into
the industry who were not equipped
either from an organization or manu-
featuring viewpoint to meet the
strenuous competitive situation which
ultimately resulted. 1t had been an
ticipated for many months before Vie
stock market collapse that it was just
a question of time before that Situa-
ton would be remedied by economic
conditions. The stock market collapse
merely fastened that date, and many
of the weaker ones have already gone
to the wall.