davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Elaborate Musicale
At Quantico Feature
Of Society Program
Entertainment at Nurses
Quarters Delights Group
of Guests-Other Special
Events Listed in Weeks
Calendar.

QUANTICo. Va, August 23-A most
delightful evening entertainment was
given by Miss Osten last Friday eve
ming at the nurses quarters at GUAM
tlco, Va, in the form of musicale,
the artist being Miss Elizabeth Wysor
Of Easton, Pa, who is a student of the
Juliard School of Music in New York
City. Miss Wysor was accompanied by
Miss E. M. Hodgson, superintendent of
nurses at the Naval Hospital in
Quantico. The guests included Comdr
Willard and his mother, Mrs. Willard;
his house guest, Miss Willard from
Apollo, Pa; Lieut.. Comdr. Norwood,
Mrs Norwood, Mrs. Russell and the
guests of DR.. Norwood: Lieut.. Comdr.
Dill, Mrs. Purcell, Mrs. w. r. Hall,
Miss Cromquist, house guest of Chap
lain and Mrs. Hall; Miss Nutter, Miss
Willard, Miss Wilkins, Miss Wysor,
Miss Ernest, Miss Hodgson and Miss
McPhail.
Mrs. Harold H. Utley, wife of Mai.
Utley, and their small daughter June
returned this week from Virginia Beach,
where they have been for the last
fortnight.
Maj. and Mrs. Lyle H. Miller and
their son Bradford, who have been
oPCAlSAiAl6 VIC ouAAlhACA dv OLiCA OuihP AA
Michigan, returned to the post last
Saturday.
Mrs. James J. Meade, wife of Lieut..
Col Meade, spent last week in Wash
ington as q guest of Mrs. Robert j.
Archibald. Mrs. Meade returned Tues
day and has as her guest Mrs. Miles r.
Thatcher, wife of Maj. Thatcher of
Washington.
Among the recent arrivals at the post
are Capt and Mrs. Thomas P. Cheat
ham, Capt. Bert A. Bone, Capt and
Mrs. Charles E. Rice, Lieut.. and Mrs.
George D. Hamilton, Lieut.. and Mrs.
Walter A. Wachter, Maj. and Mrs.
Lowry B. Stephenson, Lieut.. and Mrs.
Herman H. Hanneken. Capt. and Mrs.
William Men. Marshall and Lieut.. and
Mrs. Clayton C. Jerome.
On Monday Mr.. T. Canterbury Snow
Of Boston, Dr. and Mrs. S. D. Mumford
and their two sons, and Mrs. Loise Mer-
RAM, uncle and cousins of Mrs. James
L. Underhill, who are motoring from
Boston to California, were recent guests
of Mai. and Mrs. Underhill.
The Tuesday Bridge Club met this
week in the home of Mrs. Towner, wife
Of Lieut.. George H. Towner. In addi-
ton to the regular members, Mrs.
Towner entertained Mrs. Ernest E.
Pollock and Mrs Charles N. Muldrow.
Mai. and Mrs. John F. S. Norris have
as their house guest Miss Charlotte
King Of Waynesboro, Pa. Miss King
Is on her way home from Camp Ma
toaka, the Girl Scout rendezvous near
Suffolk Va, where she has been as a
counselor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Pleasure Resort In South
Attracts CAPITAL Folk

ASHEVILLE. N. c., August ga
month of continuous golf tournaments
in the mountains eliminated this week
with the thirty-fifth annual Midsum-
mer invitation event at the Asheville
Country Club in Grove Park. The
royal game Is now more popular than
it ever was before in the Land of the
Sky, as was attested by well over 100
players who entered the tournament
matches. A tournament ball was one
of the social features at the club house
during the week. The picturesque
Asheville Country Club Ees at the base
of Sunset Mountain and GroAe Park
Inn.
Although horseback riding has long
been one of the major sports Of the
Asheville region, polo made its debut
only last week at l3iltmore Foyest.
Mrs. John Frances Amherst Cecil has
organized polo team composed of
members of the younger social set and
weekly matches will be a leading at
traction here. Robert Smith of Detroit
has been engaged as trainer of the Bit
more Forest Polo Club, Of which Miss
Jane Raoul is president. Miss Eliza
Coke, Dixie tennis champion of 1929, is
among the members. It is planned to
organize a mems polo team in the near
future. After permanent playing field
has been secured, weekly matches will
be scheduled with teams from Fort
Bragg. Fort Oglethorpe, Aiken, Camden,
Pinehurst and other leading sports
centers.
A number of well known sportsmen
have secured options on 5000 acres Of
land in the wilds of the Nantahala
Mountains not far from the Great
Smoky Mountains National Park 1t Is
proposed to expend $750,000 in develop
ments, which will include hunting
lodge of 100 rooms and baths, a golf
course, tennis courts, breeding pools for
fish, a game preserve, shooting range
and suitable highways laid out through
the property. Game already available
for sportsmen include brown bear,
foxes, opossum, raccoon, pheaSants,
quail and trout. The number of game
preserves, both private and State
owned, in Western North Carolina is
rapidly increasing and this mountain
region will possess an abundance of
wild game in the not far distant future.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24

entries for the thirty-fourth annual
horse show Of the Myopia Hunt Club,
which will take place at Hamilton,
Labor day, with morning and afternoon
sessions. Maj. James w. Appleton,
master Of the Myopia hounds, Is chair
man of the committee in charge Of the
annual affair. The hunting classes will
be one of the features Of the program
and the entry list, which closes Mon
day, gives promises of being one of the
largest in years.
Miss Florence Crane, we'll known in
Washington. are to be honored by a
garden party given by Mr.. and Mrs.
Richard T. Crane, jr., at Castle Hill,
the Crane estate. August 81. Many
Washington colonistS will be among the
400 guests for the affair. A dinner
dance will be given at Castle Hill
September for Mr.. and Mrs. Crane
and Miss Crane.
The annual tennis match between
the Myopia Hunt Club and the Nahant
Club will be played on the Myopia
courts at Hamilton Sunday. There
will be. many Washington colonists in
the gallery. Hendricks H. Whitman
and Rodolphe L. Agassiz are on the
committee making arrangements for
the event.
Mrs. John Hays Hammond of Wash
ington, who Is spending the Summer at
Gloucester, and Mrs. Walter D. Denegre,
Mrs. Joseph Letter and Mrs. Sydney E.
Hutchinson we're on the committee as
sisting this week In making the annual
flower show of the North Shore Horti-
cultural Society a success.
Capt Enrique A. Pireto, military at
tache Of the Cuban embassy at Wash
ington, and Sonora Prieto are enjoy
ing a late August stay at the New
Oceanhouse In Swampscott.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Miss Tompkins, Hostess,
Honors Miss Lavisson

Saturday evening, August Is, 1880,
Miss Martha LAWSON was guest of
honor at beautifully appointed shower
and dinner party given by Miss ".
A. Tompkins of the Kenesaw Apart
ments, Sixteenth and Irving streets
northwest. Among the guests were
Miss Rosa Lee johnson of Jackson
vile, Fla: Miss Carla Reberholt, Miss
Billie Jenkins, Miss Mary Caf1ee, Miss
Jean Gait, Mrs. Anna Kelly and Mrs
Theresa Woodfield. Miss LAWSON will
be married to the Rev. Jesse Davis, pas
tor Of the Virginia Heights Baptist
Church, Roanoke, Va, in october.
The federal ministry Of Australia Is
seeking additional methods Of inceasing
taxation in order to balance the next
budget,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Shower Given to Honor
Prospective Bride

A miscellaneous shower was given at
the home of Mrs. James Paul Cas-
barian, Friday evening, August IS, in
honor of her sister, Miss Grace Mar
gueritte Burdine, who became the bride
of Mr.. Martin Harold Ristig, Tuesday.
Among the guests were Miss Pauline
Mackey, Miss Emily Mackey, Miss Sue
Crump, Miss Marjorie DelaMater,
Miss Dorothy Raby, Miss Lillian
Barnes, Miss Ethel Burdine, Miss
Emelie Carroll, Mrs. Virginia Armel,
Mrs. Virginia Hammond and Mrs.
Alvan M. Fonda.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Mrs. Richards to Preside
At Musicale This Evening

Mrs. Ralph Richards will be hostess TO
a company. at ii,usica.e this evening In
her cottage at Rehobeth Beach, where
with her daughter, Miss Jsane Rich
ards, she Is spending the Summer. Mra.
Richards will give the program on the
theramin, more Familiarity known as
"eIher music" and will be accompa-
MED by Mrs. Lynn Yardley of Pitts
burgh.
DIR. Richards is travelling. in che
West through the Midsummer on spe-
cial work for the Government, and
their elder daughter, Miss Betty Rich
ards, is spending the season at Banff,
Alberta, Canada.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24

Following the sentencing of his son
to two months hard labor for assault
Robert Lee dropped dead at Great Var
mouth, England
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Variety Shower in Honor
OF Miss Marcella Waone

Miss Eleanor Wagner was hostess ut
a variety shower Wednesday in honor of
her sister, Miss Marcella Wagner, whose
marriage to Mr.. Raymond Carter will
take place September ID. The guests
numbered IS and the house was efiec-
lively decorate din pink ana white.
The faVorS were tiny dolls
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24

Mr.. and Mrs. Britain Walker of
Philadelphia, who spent the Spring
season at the Mayfiower, have returned
to the hotel from Atlantic City and are
planning to remain in Washington
throughout the Autumn.
Mrs. James r. Hartnett, regent Of
the District Of Columbia Circle of the
International Federation Of Catholic
Alumnae, Is attending the convention
ut Emmitsburg, Md. She will represent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Mrs. Estelle NJ. Moses
Goes North for Brief Visit

Mrs. Estelle M. Moses, president Of
the District Of Columbia League Of
American Pen Women, has gone North
for q short visit. She will return in
time for the opening activities of the
club the latter part of September. On
Wednesday evening the chairmen of
the creative groups, under the direc-
ton Of Mrs. Azalea Badgley. met to
discuss plans for the coming season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24

Miss Lucille Hartnett has had as her
guest Miss Miriam Tully of New York.
Miss Tully is daughter of Judge Tully
and a recent graduate of Trinity Col
lege. Miss Hartnett will return to
Trinity College in the Fall as a senior.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24
Parents Observe Sons
Sixth Birth Anniversar,

A birthday anniversary party was
given at the home Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Hossick, 28O7 Sixth street northeast,
Brookland, Monday. August 10, in honor
of the sixth birthday of their son,
Joseph Hossick.
Many of his playmates were present
and enjoyed an evening Of amuse-
ments. Refreshments were served.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-08-24

Mrs. c. Augustus Simpson and Miss
Betsy Anne Simpson left yesterday for
New York. They will return to their
country home, Glen Aulie, early in Sep
tember
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
Macdonald Driving A
Hard Bargain; Japan
Expresses Its Anger

London dispatches state that ia
pan, refused at the outset by Britain
in pre-naval conference converse
tions," has sent strongly worded"
orders to its delegation to have no
more such pre-conference discus
sions. London officials express
surprise" and spain"
1t appears to be misunderstand-
ing upon which imperialism of the
two most in the clash for power in
the Far East and what it is willing
to pay the other for aid against
America. Japan wants the seven
Of the 7-10-1O big cruisers for war
against the United States, and
wants besides "parity" in subma-
rines, meaning to build more of both
big cruisers and subs.
But Britain does not want Japan
to have subs, for it has suspicious
of its ally. Thus Macdonald is try
ing to make Japan settle things
with America, knowing that then the
Japanese will have to take what
Britain wants to give, since America
will give them nothing.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
WHOL L FAMILIES IN
AGRICULTURE STRIKE
GO ON PICKET LINE

Women and children are out mill
.ant-y plcheting in the strike of the
5000 Mexican, Filipino and Chinese
woI ers in Imperial Valley, Calf,
ag, 80 the bitter conditions in that
no, dry area.
a te.os, am, giving them the above
fac.s, and stating that Harold Har-
veg, strict organizer of the Trade
l.,a Unity League, Tetsui Hori-
a., t..nese worker and organizer,
a.4 aak Walaron, 7. U. U. L.
&. --., all of whom are leading
ii .a s-.la, have been arrested on
V Y charges and were released
On bail each, was received today
a national office of the l. L. D.
III . -ense organization supplied
the .e
},a0Ia Families Strike.
Le- Gallagher, l. L. D. attorney,
is defending the strikers. 1t was
learned today that the agricultural
wor&s.s many OF whom have their
fsui les on The Galms with them and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17

Walters Union officials have begun
to furnish scabs, boasts a big sign,
100 per cent union shop" Later
more cops came, uniformed and
plain clothes. There were no Gus
toners but quite crowd of ALL.
sluggers and the bosses friends
came in and sat over a cup of free
coffee.
Try Paragraph 600.
Four pickets were arrested, with
out violence, for the cops remem-
bered the fight that started last
week when policeman started
swinging a billy. An attempt is be-
ing made to hold these pickets on
paragraph 600, violation of an in
junction" although there is no legal
injunction at this cafeteria.
Two pickets charged with assault,
arrested last week, A. Hoyos and A.
Constas, had cases dismissed yester-
day. The case of Baer, charged with
breaking the window of the Monroe
Cafeteria last week, went over to
special sessions today. He is on $500
bail.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17

! who work together, are also out O.
strike together.
The farms are owned by big fruit
and produce corporations, and are
irrigated. Cantaloupe, lettuce,
greens, ETC., are grown here. The
workers live in shacks and barracks,
m the most miserable conditions in
aginable.
1000 Would Join T. U. U. l..
The Trade Union Unity League
has organizers in the valley. The
Filipino workers, 1000 of those on
strike, expressed willingness
through their half of the joint Mex
can and Filipino committee of 20,
to join the Agricultural Workers In
dustrial League of the T. U. U. l..
The T. U. U. L. advises the building
Of real strike committees, more pick
citing, organization of defense corps,
and spreading the strike, not only
through the 5000 still at work in
Imperial Valley, but in the Fresno
and Salinas truck regions.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
n. 7. Recruits 500
Workers for Party

Confined from PAGE One)
cruited 27 of the quota 80 new men,
hers assigned them. But section
Eight which got off to a good start
seems to be falling down while sec
ton Seven recruited IS new mem
bers so far this week. Sectior
Eight brought in only 3. This should
serve rs timely warning to the
comrades of Brownsville who proved
Mt the nicketing demonstration last
Saturday as well as on previous oc-
casiors that they can fight.
Section Four deserves a word Of
praise. 1t is rapidly recovering lost
round. Seventeen new recruits
thus far this week brings the total
COR this section up to 40. But this
is still less than one-third of the
7uota assigned to this section. This
;ection has recruited a total of II
Negro workers. This is 26 per cent
# the total of 81 Negro workers
nus far recruited in the district
But the total of the district is poor
md one of the worst shortcomings
N the drive thus far. 1t represents
only about 90 per cent of our quotT
and only 81 per cent of the quota
for the section.
An encouraging improvement il
shown bv the New Jersey Section
Durire the first part Of the weeE
New Jersey recruited just twice al
nary new members as during tn
ar+'~a -,ariod of the drive.
Tbs week some of the sections
alro,Av commorced the work of Sc
cur;rr subscribers on a basis D
Aaily deliveries and weekly collec
lions. Fifty such subscribers hav'
Ahus far been secured. But only tw'
lotions have made efforts in thi
Erection. With all sections an'
nore members participating, we car
wen yet secure our quota OF l,oo'
lew subscribers and even more.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
To Give Banquet for
New Members, Jan. Is

Most of the over 400 new men,
bers who have been recruited into
the ranks of the Party since the
beginning of the membership drive
are expected to be present at the
banquet which is being arranged by
the District Membership Committee
for Saturday, Jan. IS, in the Work
ers Center.
The membership drive committee
has ordered a special banner which
will be presented to the section that
secures the largest proportion of it's
quota of new members by Friday,
Jan. 18th. Only those cards that
are brought in before 8 p. m. will
be credited.
Due to lack of sufficient place,
only functionaries in the district,
section, unit and fraction, including
all new members are invited. Ad-
mission will be fifty cents. The
banquet program will begin at $3.50
sharp.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
POLICE SHOOT
DOWN PICKET At
'NILLER Market
3 Strikes w on; Mass
Dicketing at Monroe

Continued from Page Oae)
ct 'em have it," and drew his own.
They threatened the crowd, which
TODD firm. Then they started club
ing, still holding the guns. The
workers resisted, and the order
shoot to kill" was given by one of
them. Both fired into the crowd
until they were stopped.
Deliberately Shot.
But Katovis lay on the ground,
bleeding profusely. The muzzle of
the revolver had been placed right
IN his back.
A whole squad Of police then ar
lived, Ctarged the crowd and beat
workers with their clubs and drove
away those who were trying to help
Katovis. The police wagon carried
him away
The Food Clerks Union an
nounces that nothing will stop their
successful campaign to organize the
exploited unorganized workers in
food markets. Yesterday they an
nounced victories at Fleisher's Mar
llet, on Ave. U, and at another mar
ket run by the same boss on Kings
Highway. They also yesterday
won the strike in the market at 534
Kings Highway, where the boss
name is\Farber.
Ten pickets arrested during the
two weeks of this strike were in
court today, their cases being adj
iourned to Jan. "a, in the Sixth
District Magistrates Court.
600 Picket Monroe.
Successful mass picketing of the
Monroe cafeteria was carried out
yesterday at noon. Three hundred
cafeteria workers and strikers, dele
cations of unemployed, of the Com
munist Party, and of the morgan
lied unions appeared, and though
the whole industrial squad was
there, maintained picket lines thru
out the noon hour.
Policemen 2344, 1916 and 39G2
were posted at the entrance of the
flag bedizened cafeteria, which
since an old ALL. official has been
taken on as manager, and the ALL.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
Whitewash Spread on
Killers of Ella May in
Court at Charlotte

CHARLOTTE, N. c., Jan. To-
The whitewashing trial of the five
men indicted by the CASTOR County
grand jury for the murder OF Ella
May was changed to the venue OF
Mecklinburg county today.
The same court which railroaded
the Gastonia seven will now conduct
a fake trial over some of the mill
owners thugs, those who shot Ella
May, when she came with 70 other
Bessemer City mill workers to a
National Textile Workers mass
meeting in South Gastonia. None of
those most responsible for planning
the killing were indicted. That would
have made inroads on the official
family of the Manville-Jenckes mill
and the city of Gastonia.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
1000 At shoe
WORKERS MEET
Drive Into Open Shops
Takers Forge Leaflet

(Co1tinued from Pcga ono
conducting a struggle in % shops,
in many of which it was locked out
by the employers at the written re-
quest of Commissioner Woods of the
U. s, department of Labor.
Takers Forge.
The fake Shoe Workers Protective
Union sent out letter to number
of shoe workers in an attempt to
get them to meeting where the re-
dictionary S.W.P.U. attempts to "or-
ganize" the edge makers of the shoe
industry into a craft union. This
letter is signed by Joe Clohecy.
George Wallrach and Harry Brown.
Joe Clohecy however, is a member of
the Independent Shoe Workers In
dustrial Union, the fighting outfit
which is leading the present fight
of 5000 shoe strikers.
Scares Forgers.
Joe Clohecy, in a statement says
that he has nothing to do with the
fake S.W.P.U. and the use of his
name by the Nolan, Fitz-Gerald
crowd is only an attempt to mislead
the members of the Independent
Shoe Workers Union.
With the beginning of the cam
paign of organization by the INDIE
pendent Shoe Workers Union the
cutters local voted to become part
of this newly formed industrial
union. Only about 80 remained in
the S.W.P.U.
The special meeting called on
forged leaflets had only 5 present.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
WORKERS PLEDGE
AID TO MINERS
i N S 7 R u C CL {.
Unity League Rallies
to Strikers
Continued from Page Oae)

Continued from Page Oae)
dustries pledge the utmost efforts
to support the miners strike.
The telegram is addressed to
Henry Corbishley, secretary treas
urer of the N.N.U. Illinois district,
who was returned to prison to serve
the rest of his 14-year sentence in
the Zeigler frame-up case because
he offended the coal operator gov
eminent of Illinois by his strike ac-
tivities since December 8. 1t says:
".The Chicago District Convention
of the T.U.U.L. sends its revolution
airy greetings to you incarcerated
today for your militant and loyal
support to the National Miners
Union in their struggle for better
conditions. We will carry on the
struggle, building the revolutionary
trade I'm, ons, mobilizing the masses
of the country to defeat the capital
list offensive, to free all political
p! rs. and lead The orking class
to final v tory"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17
Labor and Fraternal
Organizations

Workers Theatre.
Aver erid sop ' floor front % ssgV
International womens Day. r. p.
Stokes. directing.
Women's Council Banquet Committee.
With organizers and secretaries of
all councils Friday, Jan. II. $50 p.
M. so e. 18th ST.. Room 6a6,
Barn Costume Dance.
Given by Cooperative LID. satur-
Au AUD Sii To- 200 Bronx PARK East
Admission so cents.
brighton LID. Concert.
And vetchereinka. Saturday. Jan
is. 227 Brighton Beach Ave.
Concert and Ball in Bronx.
Freiheit Gezang Varein, Saturday
Jan. IS at Lorraine Palace, 449 f,
Harlem Progressive Youth Dance.
10, 7.45 IN.
Installation and Banquet.
Harlem Progressive Youth Sports
Section, Saturday, Jan. IS. 1492 Madi-
son Ave.
Hundred Volunteers.
To sell Labor Defenders at Lenin
Memorial. Report at room 422, 793
Broadway. Proletarian competition.
Workers school Sports Club.
Sports meet Sunday, Jan. 10. Leave
school 1870 D. m. Swimming. basket
ball. calisthenics.
Mature Friends. English Section.
Hike to Jamaica Woods. Sunday.
Jan. 10. Meet at 16Sth st. Station Of
Jamaica IL at 3 a. m. Fare 10 cents
Leader VIII Beck. Walking time 4
hours. If cold enough. skating.
-
Lenin Memorial.
OF Polish Workers Club and LID.
Sunday, Jan. 10, $50 p. m. at 257 T.
10th st.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-01-17

The Film Guild Cinema is now
showing the American premiere Of
a la Sovkino production demon
of the Steppes,' the drama of a
woman Cossack les during the
Russian revolution. The film will
introduce to the American public a
new Russian actress, OXana Po-
delsnaya. The period is 1919 when
the Whites were harassing the Reds
on many fronts. demon of the
Steppes" also brings back Nikola
Saltykov, " played the lie of the
martyred sailor in "Potemkin."
IN the same program the Film
Cuild Cinema is pres ing Harry
Langdor in one of his comedies,
Saturday Afternoon" and Ufa
film Cheating Mothers"
On Saturday, January rs, the Film
Guild will present "The Kaiser in
War and Peace" an actual compila-
ton of wsroel material showing
the ex-ruler Of Germany, before,
during and after thu great war.