davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-09


N by Abraham Lincoln shortly after he
assumed the presidency has Just been
made public here. The letter was
written May 2, 1861-two months after
the first Inauguration and was addressed to
the regent captains of the Republic of San
Marine. It thanks them for comforting upon
Mr. Lincoln the citizenship Of that country.
Did Lincoln disquaiify himself for the presi-
dency and for American citizenship when he
acknowledged with thanks his citizenship in
San Marine? Or was this acknowledgment,
duly authenticated by the then Secretary Of
State, merely q gracious and courteous note Of
thanks in accordance with the etiquette Of that
day?
These, and other questions, are suggested by
o reading Of the letter, . photograph Of which
appears on this page
The act of the regent captains had practic-
ally escaped the notice of Lincoln'S biographerS.
Nowhere in any OF the voluminous life histories
of the great emancipation can any reference be
found to it or to the letter Of acknowledgment
GAN MARINO is located about IL miles from
Rimini, the fashionable italian watering place,
and is entirely surrounded by Italian territory.
It's people claim that 1t Is the oldest republic in
the world. It was founded by st. Marinus Of
Dalmatia in the fourth century, is half . mile
30 square miles and population of 1908. Tt
has no public debt. Being well nigh impreg-
nable it has escaped the ravages Of war. Even
Napoleon omitted it from his conquest Of prac-
tically all territory surrounding it,
The letter from President Lincoln was dis
covered by Representative Ernest r. Alderman
OF New Jersey, who is said to be the most wide
1y travelled member Of Congress, while IN San
Marino. He has . penchant for leaving the
beaten paths Of tourists and when visiting some
of the officials Of the quaint republic he was
told about the Lincoln letter. He obtained q
photograph of it and upon his return to the
United States he was surprised to ind that no
record of the San Marino letter was available
in the files of the White House. the archives
of the Department of State or the Library OF
Congress Mr.. Alderman plans to present
President Hoover with one Of the photographs
of the letter. It reads follows:
ABRAHAM LINCOLN,
President of the United States of America
To the Regent Captains of the
Republic Of San Marino.
Great and Good Friends:
I have received and read with great
sensibilty the letter which as regent
captains of the Republic Of San Marine
you addressed to me on the 29th Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-09
Il Mz&2.~.
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A+~<1z1 7r|zzz

March last. I thank the Council of San
Marine for the honor of citizenship they
have conferred upon me.
Although your dominion is small your
state is, nevertheless, one of the most
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-09

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-09
W,1ttenShortlyAfer
He assumed the
Presidency, to the
Regent Captains of
the Republic Of San
Mario, HHasSince
Escaped the Notice
ofAHBiQgraphers.

~ HITHERTO unknown letter written
by Abraham Lincoln shortly after he
~ assumed the presidency has Just been
made public here. The letter was
~A - rvr;+hax RRav months after
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

was in Germany in 1914. Manifestly
the Duce is today threatened from the
rear II he does not press forward to
the doubtful and dangerous adventures
through which alone empires are con-
structed and national aspirations real
lied.
But what does it all foreshadowp
France has as allies today Poland and
the states OF the Little Entente-Jugo-
SlaVla. CZechoslovakia and Rumania
Italy has sought alliances with Hun
gary, with Austria, with Bulgaria. She
holds Albania as an occupied province.
But If she attacked France Jugoslavia
would attack her; If Hungary attacked
Jugoslavia, she would in turn be at
tackled by Czechoslovakia and Rumania,
and If Bulgaria moved, She too, would
face Rumanian assault. AS for Aus
tria, she would hardly move. since at
bottom Austria hates Italy because Of
the Upper Adige prosecutions.
AS it stands, then, Italy, Hungary
and perhaps Bulgaria--although one
must doubt the latter-would hardly
have much chance of victory against
France, JugoSlavia, CzechoSlovakia
and Rumania All would then turn
upon Germany, but German entrance
into the fray on the italian side would
bring Poland In on the French side
and might we'll enlist both Soviet Rus
STA and Lithuania against Poland and
Rumania.
That Germany would enlist Is, how
ever, very unlikely. Germany has no
love for her former ally, who, to the
German mind. betrayed her in 1915
Nor has she any desire for q new war,
fresh collision not only with France
but with Britain, which remains
through the Locarno pact bound to
maintain the status quo on the Rhine
Germany. to be sure, might exploit the
situation to escape reparations pay
! ments, 70 amend her eastern frontiers
while France was occupied, but that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

would probably cover her activity. In
addition, she might also realize Ansch-
luSs, for Austria would almost tnevi-
tably look to Germany to protect her.
But this would not interfere with her
neutrality in the larger conflict.
Probable Results Of Clash.
II this possible Italo-French wal
ended In Italian victory 1t would mean
the extension Of Italian frontiers In
Europe to include Nice, the annexation
1t would mean Italian domination n
the Mediterranean.
French victory, by contrast, would
certainly mean the overthrow Of the
Fascist regime and the valuation OF
the JugoSlav claims to the AdriatiO
shore from the mouth Of the Isonzo to
Fiume, with Trieste included. 1t would
probably mean the division of the Al
bantam state between Greece and Jugo-
slavia. For Hungary. Italian victory
might mean recovery Of much lost ter
ritory, but defeat would mean further
prostrations and partitions.
But aside from all consideration OF
the possibilities of future postwar set
Elements, the fact that must be grasped
is that henceforth, for an indefinite
period Of time, Europe has to face the
likelihood of new war. The danger is
ever present; 1t may be precipitated by
an accident which will fire Italian spirit
beyond restraint; it may be postponed
over long years, as was the disaster of
1914; but the speech of Mussolini at
Florence puts Europe and the rest OF
the world on notice that peace is
henceforth precarious.
And It Is an ironic detail that the
outburst Of Florence is a consequence
Of the intensification of Franco Italian
bitterness at naval conference sum-
moned by two Anglo-Saxon statesmen
in the name of peace and disarma-
ment. From the Rapidan to the Arno
is certainly long step; but it is at
least worth recalling that the Washing
ton conference by embittering Anglo
French relations led to the occupation
Of the Ruhr. Once more, then, through
the consequences of the London con-
ference 1t Is demonstrated how danger
Gus for European tranquility Is the
attempt of the Anglo-Saxon to adjust
their naval matters.
(Copyrisht. ls3o)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

Continued From Third Page)
other, it is a little difficult to see why
the Messrs. Oursler and Brentano should
have been charged with the theft Of
Triple Crossed" any more than the
authors of Triple Crossed" should have
been charged with the theft Of THE
Radio Murder" or vice versa, or how
the authors of 1.-THE Radio Murder" can
have escaped the charge of copying
EYE Witnessed" or vice versa. But
the notorious probability Of 1.-THE
Spider" may have had something to do
with it. The net result was verdict
for Oursler and Brentano, whose appre-
citation of the joke may be affected by
the fact that Arthur Garfield Hays Of
their counsel estimated its cost at $780,
900 to $4,000.
Eugene O'Neill and the Theater Guild
are now preparing their defense against
lady who declares that Strange In
terlude" was stolen from 1.-THE Temple
Of Pallas-Athenae," which she wrote at
the age Of 10 and privately published"
This privacy did not prevent copy
being sent to the guild, and that Is how
Mr.. ONeill saw it. The alleged "ac-
cess" usually is Of this sort.
Sheriff Accused Of Differing"
r. C. Sheriff. is accused Of having
pilfered Journeys End" the interna-
tionally successful war play, from "Flags
and Flowers" by Katharine M. Burke
Sherman, who feels that w. Somerset
Vaughan also helped himself to this
opus in writing THE Sacred Flame"
It will be seen that these litigants are
no ''pikers" in selecting the plays they
claim to have originated and not too
modest in their ideas of recompense.
Plagiarism suits, like other actions Of
their kind, usually cost the plaintiffs
little or nothing, and involve little or
no responsibility. Many attorneys un-
dertake them on contingency fee"
basis, for hope springs eternal in the
legal breast, and at worst there is al
ways the advertising. The best the
defendant can hope for Is the retention
of what is left Of his earnings, and so
out of these he must pay his lawyers
and dozens Of other costs.
he possesses at stake. naturally he is
not inclined to be niggardly. Recently
there has been r1morS Of a flrm Of
solicitors that keeps an agent in the
Copyright Bureau to summarize unpro-
duced plays. These are said to be card
indexed, and when some one achieves
success with story more or less like
one Of them the unproduced author is
invited to walk in and collect.
Needless to say, not all Of the suits
mentioned in this article-perhaps not
even half of them-or of those not
mentioned here were brought with any
wrongful intent. No doubt some Of the
plaintiffs and their lawyers sincerely
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

CONTINUED From First Page.)
who, by closing the Strait of Gibraltar
and the Suez Canal, could interrupt the
food and raw material essential for
italian life. France at Bizerta, Ajaccio
and Toulon could do the same thing
JugoSlav submarines, built by France
but now established at Cattaro, chal-
lenge Italian control of the Adriatic. In
case Of war with France or Jugoslavia
the two allies would be sure to act to-
gether, and Genoa and Trieste would
be equally threatened.
But the economic problem perhaps
outweighs the political. All the MusSo-
lini organization has not awaited to
bring economic independence, high
prosperity, industrial pre-eminence, for
the simple reason that Italy is a poor
country. 1t lacks coal iron and oil; 1t
must buy wheat abroad. 1t has only
two great aSsets--vaSt water power and
well nigh unlimited cheap human labor
In the long run, despite all Fascist
endeavor, Italy, unless she can change
her circumstances. is doomed TO fall be-
hind-or, more exactly, condemned 10
remain behind-Brttain, Germany and
France.
Already economic and financial diff
cultteS have been felt in Italy. FasciSm,
which was so successful at the outset, Is
faced with problems Of unemployment
and lack of capital. which must lesser
It's domestic prestige. Assuming, as II
claimed generally, that Mussolini has
made q better Italy economically. hi
has not created seeond Roman empire
The italian placen the sun is not
materially more ind ressive in 1880 thar
In 1914.
But Mussolini himself Is now con
fronted by rising generation who's
mind he has formed, whose ambition
he has fired, whose nationalism he ha
influenced. Belief in national superior
I'll q as general In Italy today as J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01
PUBLIC LIBRARY

Recent accessions to the Public Lie
brary and lists of recommended read.
ing will appear in this column every
Sunday.
A Varied Collection.
carhart, A. H., and Young, P. The
Last Stand of the Pack. PQ-Cl9.
Chapman, F. M. My Tropical Air
Castle M96l -C36.
Collins, Joseph. Insomnia; How to
Combat It QFN-C69.
ming 1925. zA-D2st.
Eskew, G. L. The Pageant Of the Pac-
kets. SOF-Es43p.
Jacobson, Edmund. Progressive Re-
laaxtion. QN-J 156.
Mariner, H. A. The Sea. MJ-M34s.
May, H. L., and Petgen, Dorothy. Lei
sure and Its Use. BMT-M45.
PoT Esc j. g; The Meaning of Culture.
Smith. t. V. The Philosophic Way Of
Life. BGA-Sm68p.
Thorp. P. H. Stamp Collecting. Jvp-
swengel, H. L. The Romance of Your
Birthstone. BUB-Sw46.
Essays.
Essays in Honor of John Dewey. BEST.
Hellems, F. B. r. The Kings Market
and Other Studies. Y-H36k.
Mann, Thomas. Three Essays. Y47-
M31E.
Robinson, x A., and others, comps.
Essays Toward Truth. Second series
Y-9R566ea.
Shepard, Odell, and Hillyer, r. S., eds.
Essays Of Today. 1s26-27. Y-9Sh43,
Books and Reading.
Jones, Llewellyn. How to Read Books,
orage, 4. R. The Art of Reading. zY-
Or IL.
Rogers, r; E. The Fine Art of Read
Sanford, A. p, and Schauffier, r. H.,
eds. The Magic of Books. TX
Sa54m.
Travel.
Aks ley. Mrs Mrs, D. J. D. jungle Portraits
Hosie, D. s.. Lady Portrait Of Chinese
Lady. G66-H794p.
Lathrop, E. L. Early American Inna
and Taverns. G83-L344.
Newman, E. M. Seeing England and
Scotland. G45-N46s.
Pinchot, Clifford. To the South Seas
schoonmaker, Frank. Come with Me
Through Germany G47-Sch66. &
Schroeder. H. A, and Peters, L. A.
Shirt-tail and Pigtail. G64-Sch76
Taylor, T. G. Antarctic Adventure and
Research. G149-T216a.
Waugh, Alec. Hot Countries. &ls3-
Wilson. B. L. Lady. The House Of
Memories. G3sP-W692.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01
Authors of Today Meet Trouble
From Those Claiming Plagiarism

believed there was piracy. Broadly
speaking, there are flve causes Of those
actions: % Actual grievance: (2) ig-
norance-of law and literature; 90 CO.
incidence: "a common source; go
common fraud. AS indicated by the In
frequency Of verdictS for the plaintiff,
actual grievance" is very rare.
No Reason for Piracy.
There Is no earthly reason why a
writer Of proved inventiveness and ex-
perience should pilfer material. If he
felt any such desire, it is certainly more
probable that he would 60 to the mex
haustible and unprotected treasures Of
the past rather than the unmarketable
scribblings of some novice. Such stun,
even in the exceptional cases where it
has the least value, can be purchased so
cheaply that there seems little reason
for theft, with the attendant risk Of far
greater expense.
Coincidence" and common source"
are so very common that failure to rec
ognize them really brings these two
causes Of action under my second head
knows that the whole stupendous the
DRY Of evolution was worked out inde-
pendently by two different theorists
that there Is no possible theme, story,
character or situation some element of
which has not been used again and
again-is not likely to run amuck be-
cause women smoke cigarettes in both
plays" the charge made against Roi
Cooper Megrue in the case of Under
Cover" or because both plays have
scenes on a seacoast" or both plays
make mention Of Lillian RUSSELL" which
was urged against Rennold Wolf and
vsx1aA ~ oxrtx
stolen 1.-THE Beauty Shop" Likenesses
Of this sort, piled up and little twist
ed, can look very imposing in bill Of
particulars, but any one who knows
writing Is aware that they can be en-
ployed to prove the identity Of the De-
cameron with Holy Writ.
Where Danger Lies.
The most dangerous plagiarism
charger is the man or woman who
really believes that by writing II love
you," he or she acquires perpetual and
retroactive proprietorship Of the words,
81 love you" To allow this proprietor
ship Of one-tenth of the ideas claimed
as property in these suits would be to
stop further literary production utterly,
Immediately and forever.
There are examples Of coincidence so
interesting and remarkable that one
chafes at the tmpossibility Of including
them in an article of this length. Com
mon source" may consist Of one Of the
innumerable rubber stamps of literature
or Of an item Of news, or of an anecdote
that has been related to two or more
persons. It Is q risk to the writer and
also q safeguard-for, as Arthur Gar
field Hays points out, II ever an author
should hit upon an idea that never has
been used before he would be deprived
of what most judges seem to consider
the greatest of exculpations-the fact
that the same idea occurs in q SUFFICIENT
number Of other works to be regarded
as common property" Ideas, Of course,
are not property at all and their iden-
tity and value depend entirely upon
the use made of them.
Will there be any check to the long
continued food of these actions? Prob
ably not, while human ignorance, vanity
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

and cupidity persist; while most persons
believe authorship to be q gift" be-
slowed by the gods on almost anybody;
and while hundreds of lawyers are in
terested chiefly in bigger and better
lawsuits. There is legal practice in
England that has practically disposed
of frivolous and unjustifled claims OF
this kin, but there is little chance of its
adoption in America. AS chairman Of a
committee on plagiarism in the Authors
League, I worked hard to secure in
dorsement of this practice, but found
that, chiefly because of the movies"
there are still more authors afraid of
being robbed than of being accused of
robbery. One plagiarism suit changes
the most apathetic author into a mill
tant crusader, but until q real majority
of the leagues several thousand mem
beers have learned that even an un-
burned child has reason to dread q fire
30 universally threatening, the danger,
like most of our dangers, will continue
to be written about and talked about
and left about where It Is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

dom and personal courage, who made
his military career in the Russian army
fighting with Emperor Alexander
against Napoleon.
From the day of entrance of King
Leopold into his capital on July ri,
1881, which day has been set aside as
the National Feast of Belgium, the lit
tie new independent country has stead
lily grown in Importance and interna-
tional prestige until the fatal days of
August, 1914, when the whole world
was with her, joining in admiration for
the valiant David fighting the mighty
Goliath. Only those who like myself
have seen Belgium in the first years
after the World War can realize what
this country has suffered during those
four years of agony. But like in 1880,
1t stood in 19l4-l9l8-a united nation
and commentaries at present the first
centenary of its independence with
love and. admiration to its King, respect
for law and profound attachment 70
its liberty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01
Don Quixote, Champion of Youth of
Nation, Enters Battle for Free Spain

potent. The students gave public DEM
onstrations of their desire to save
Spain, to help establish a f1rm de-
mocracy. Always Unamuno's name re-
sounded through the land as that OF
the future President Of the Republic OF
Spain.
The old warrior heard the cry OF
battle. The wise, shrewd eyes that had
been watching the shifting weathers
through more than six years of exile
read in the skies and the earth portents
Of new time coming, time of
change, q time of storm, when a
shrewd, wise mind would be needed
The sensitive artist apprehended that
the spirit of Spain was in q state of
fluid Elasticity. waiting for the hand to
come to model 1t to a new form and
life.
On May Unamuno stepped from the
train to the platform of the station OF
Madrid.
The platform and streets about the
station were packed with the best
young swashbuckling gallantS of Spain
vigorous adventures in life and letters
come to welcome the old warrior, the
hiloSopher-patriarch, the artist-pa-
triot They jostled and pushed each
other In their attempts to be near him
they cheered his leonine white head as
he descended from the train, their
frank faces shining with candid well
come, beaming with Joy.
Unamuno faced young Spain. In
spired by the pulsations of the young
blood In his veins, he proclaimed his
message:
"The time has comet"
From then on reStlesSness has fol-
lowed restlessness. The fluid Elasticity
Of Spain Is swirling vortex of creative
emotionalism. Out of this chaos, what
will come? Possibly Unamuno, with
his clear, directive mind, his hands that
know so well how to create form, and
his spirit that knows purpose and
dreams-pozsibly Unamuno could fore
tell. - go
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

In telling the story the
merchant enlarged upon the
theme.
when I became manager of
one Of our stores I had to do a
lot of things I did not like to
do" he said. when I became
head of all the stores my I'M
pleasant duties increased. Now
I get to the Office before 0
o'clock every morning, and a
large part Of my day is con-
Sumed in duties that are more
or less distaSteful. The only
man who can do as he pleaseS
is the failure. Every step up
that you take means that you
belong less to yourself and
more to other people"
AS he spoke I thought of
some examples that have come
under my own observation.
The partners of Morgan g.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

Co. are the princes of the mod
ern business world. If you
stand outside their building on
almost any Winters evening
you will see the lights burning
in at least a part of the private
Offices. The lower floors may
be dark. The clerks and ac-
countants have gone home.
But almost always some of the
partners are still on the Job.
I spent a day with Coolidge
while he was still President.
He was supposed to be on va
cation. He fiShed little in the
morning, but it was the least
relaxing job of fishing that I
have ever witnessed. A secret
service man stood at his elbow
and another kept watch from
behind the bushes on the bank.
Once, for a week, I travelled
in a private car with the presi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

n GREAT merchant of my
0 acquaintance who is a
friend of Gene Tunney told me
what occurred after the final
Dempsey-Tunney fight.
Gene, who never loved the
crowds or was greatly loved by
them, wanted to get away i'm
mediately. His idea of the way
to spend the evening of victory
was to hide himself with few
companions in a hotel bed
room.
His friend said: Gene, you
could have done that if you
had lost. But you won. You
are champion of the world.
Whether you like it or not you
must pay the price of the
championship. And part of the
price is to be seen by the
crowd"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-01

dent of a great corporation.
Every morning we left the car
at 8 o'clock and called on
dealers in their stores. We
lunched with a group of them
at noon, and had another
group with us until midnight.
At midnight we went to bed,
to wake up the next morning
in another city and do the
whole thing all over again.
It was a tougher week than
any laborer ever spent.
The big jobs look attractive
from a distance, but when you
get closer to them you find a
large price tag pinned on each
one.
Some of us who have been
close enough to read the fig
ures on the tags find it quite
easy to reconcile ourselves to
remaining quietly and con-
tentedly below.