davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12
Gas AS a Weapon Against
Workers
By GRACE HUTCHINS.

"T1EAR GASES cause intense pain in the
L eyes but are not poisonous in the con-
centrations necessary to produce binding tears.
Indeed, should you walk into room contain
ing only enough to 60 on the head of pin,
you would feel as though some one were tear
ing your eyes out with his finger nails. Yet if
you run out Immediately, in fifteen or twenty
minutes you are quite all right again"
Effects of tear gas, especially chlor-aceto-
phenone recently adopted by police and military
troops in breaking up strikes and workers dem
onstrations, are thus described by chemical
expert, Donald A. Cameron, in new pamph-
let, Chemical Warfare: Poison Gas in the Com
ing War;
This gas is shot from pistol, Cameron ex-
plains, or set off from a special burning hand
grenade which burns for about five minutes
and has an immediate effect. After doing its
work it quickly disappears.
How military organizations are to use these
hand grenades against the workers is told in
confidential directions to military training cas-
ses, issued by the United States Army and war
department. Hand grenades filled with nom
toxic gas and smoke are essential equipment in
giving military aid to the civil power, the direc-
tions state, and non-toxic gas is only the be-
ginning.
White phosphorus bombs causing the most
terrible of all chemical wounds, should be used
against workers in strikes and against he Chi
nese in their anti-imperialism demonstrations,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12
The Shopkeepers' Socialist"
Administration in Reading

lot of thousands, even with entire families
working in the mills and factories.
What was the socialist answer to these prob.
lens of the workers? With the blare of trum-
pets, the socialists announced that the "equial.
ization" of assessments was the big issue fac
ing their administration And so a new as
sessment appraisal was made, and amidst hos
annas of triumph and victory many shop
keepers yere granted as high as 2 cents on the
500 assessment reduction '-I
The workers of the Reading Iron Co. receiv
ing a wage cut, came out in a spontaneous
strike. The socialists rushed to the scene of
the strike, organized company union, col
lected dues and told the workers to aid the
bosses in increasing production and become "ef-
ficient." The workers went back, their strike
broken.
Having settled that, the socialists cast
around for another fake issue to divert the
workers attention from their betrayal. They
turned to the momentous question of a new
city hall as BELTS socialist administration.
The issue was that of a new building or the
renovation of an old building with the big
building contractors for new building and the
socialists for renovated building to save
money. The socialists won another Socialist"
victory.
When Hoover announced his colossal fake
public improvements construction plan to
smooth out the rough spots in the capitalist
crisis, the socialists took it up eagerly and an
nounced that they would inaugurate great
public works.
Today, from 10 to rs thousand workers of
a wage-earning population of 10000 are total
ly unemployed Many more thousands are on
part time
But to the socialist administration there is
no unemployment. Taking their cue from the
Chamber of Commerce who claim that only A.
900 exclusive of building trades and clerical
workers are unemployed the socialists say that
only little more than 5000 are out of work.
The jobless are fed on Hooverian promises.
while even the normal amount of building con.
struction falls steadily. The suggestion of I'M
employment insurance is met with expressions
of dismay AM horror. "Think of the taxes"
the socialist chorus takes up the refrain.
Recently thousands of hosiery workers re.
ceived drastic wage-cut and their general
conditions worsened. The workers aroused,
struck. The socialist officials and the Music.
lite and socialist hosiery organizer, White, lost
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12
Latin-Amerlcan Workers and
Murder of Gonzales

over. Misery and starvation followed this
triumph of Gales. The Gonzales family, pow
erty-stricken and at the point of starvation,
decided to cross the frontier into the land OF
prosperity" in "Yankeeand." But they found
that added to the poverty in this country was
the racial discrimination to which all Latin
American workers are subjected.
Mother. 20, Worked in Imperial Valley.
Gonzales mother, woman of 70 years, was
also driven away from Mexico into the misery
of the Imeprial Valley. The intrepid young
Gonzales, barely 30, struggling in the bakery
shops of New York for miserable wages part
of which were sent to feed his aged mother.
The crisis of American capitalism, increasing
unemployment, reached the poor Gonzales
home. He lost his job and was unemployed
for the last seven months. Dolores Gonzales
was then compelled to increase her hours of
work from ten to fourteen hours day in
order to feed her husband.
From the fields of Mchaocan, Dolores found
her way into restaurant of New York. For
IA hours a day her body was exposed to the
intense heat of the kitchen and to the freez-
ing icebox. The leftover food she was forced
to eat swiftly undermined her health. Soon
Dolores Gonzales was suffering from pulmon-
airy congestion. Could she thing for moment
OF leaving ner JOD TO Jake care OF Her DTokeH
health? No-Gonzales was unemployed and
her $500 per month wages had to take care
of both of them. Gonzales began to see clearly
into the situation. His passive attitude gave
way to an active struggle against unemploy-
ment and he soon found his way into the Com
munist Party.
He knew when he entered the ranks of the
Party that he would have to help carry on
struggle against the mperialist class that
keeps seven million workers in the United
States unemployed. Gonzales was class
conscious fighter and he died like one. The
death of Comrade Gonzales did not leave the
Latin American workers of New York indif-
ferent. Two hundred and fifty of them have
already joined the Communist Party. Many
more will follow this vanguard of the workers.
Police brutality, murder and assassination
cannot and will not stop the Latin American
workers from continuing the fight against
American imperialism, under the leadership
of the Communist Party.
The demonstration at the funeral of Com
rade Gonzales has proven that hundreds of
Latin American workers, by joining the march,
intend to continue the struggle that Gonzales
was faced to leave so heroically.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12
By FRED VIGMAN.

WHEN, about three years ago the socialists
" rose into office as the administration party
of Reading on the shopkeepers slogan of lower
taxation, socialists sang paens to the new order
that was to be established in Reading. Even
the Communist Party reflected this viewpoint
when we issued statement calling upon the
socialists to make good their pledge and pro
gram.
Prior to their advent to administration power
the official socialist party numbered thirty
five members. Controlling, however, the Fed
Grated Trades Council, the American Fedora
ton Labor body of Reading and vicinity, COM
posed of craft unions, and upon the basis of
the disintegration of the democratic admins
tration, the small shopkeepers, householders
rallied to the new-founded socialist slogan Of
cheap government The workers that drag
ged in the wake of this petty-bourgeois tax re-
form movement were enticed to the socialist
party by promise of social reform.
In his inaugural address, Mayor Stump, So
ciast, made clear that Legitimate" business
and private property had no reason to fear the
socialists. That in contrast to the graft-ridden,
cumbersome democratic administration the So
ciaists would pull the bosses government ma
chine out of debt, and guarantee "clean and
cheap" government, etc. And as a sop to the
workers, Stump promised illusory prosperity
and various reform projects.
What were the problems facing the Reading
workers at the time when the socialists as
sumed office? VIGOROUSLY open shop, the
Reading bosses do not even require the Amer
lean Federation of Labor to Organic" their
workers. With developed systems of espionage,
black-isting, company guards, etc., the bosses
have kept the Reading workers from organ
ization, while wage-cut after wage-cut, speed
up system after system were introduced and
the workers ever driven harder and harder.
Organization of the workers in the hosiery,
cotton, iron and hat factories was and is the
burning need of the workers. That the work
ers Of Reading are driven at terrific speed
and their rate of exploitation proportionately
higher than in many other industrial centers.
is the boast of the Reading Chamber Of Com
merce, claiming that the per capita produc-
ton of the workers here is greater than any
other city in tie United States.
Unemployment even three years ago was
stark reality to thousands of workers class
famil es. And pinching poverty was sger the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12
The Clothing Workers Struggle

works hand in hand with the bosses to en-
force these miserable conditions upon the
workers
We Are Back to 1918.
Tailors! We are now in the same situation
as in 1918. Thousands of US starving with
no chance to go back to work this season. The
policy of Hillman's company union is to throw
the entire burden of the crisis on the shoulders
of the workers. This can readily be seen by
the statement made by Hillman's agent that
zone of the outstanding accomplishments of the
Amalgamated is the fact that when bosses need
higher production they come to the Amalga-
mated; the bosses trust u.s.. This open state
ment of Hillmans agent means that the Anal
gamated is bosses union--a reduction and
production agency for the BOSSES
Tailors! We must stop dreaming about re-
forming Hillmans company union. We must
Immediately organize for the same purpose as
in 1913: to smash the company union and force
the bosses to give US better conditions. We
the struggle in 1913-we will win the
struggle today.
A Real Union.
In our struggle against the bosses and their
agents we are not alone; we have the Needle
Trades Workers Industrial Union on our side.
The Needle Trades Workers Industrial Union
is the only real workers organization in the
needle trades that is leading the needle trade
workers in the struggle for better conditions,
for the 7-hour 5-day week, for week work, min
imum wage SCALE unemployment insurance,
paid by the bosses and controlled by the work.
ers
The Needle Trades Workers Industrial Union
calls upon all Tailors to come to the unem-
ployed and employed tailors' demonstration
on Saturday July II. at 18th Street and Union
Square. Demonstrate against reductions,
speed-up and re-organizations, and mobilize
for the Cooper Union Mass Meeting
The Needle Trades Workers Industrial Union
called upon all tailors to come to the Mass
Meeting at Cooper Union on Tuesday. July Is,
at P. M.
AT this meeting the leaders of the Needle
Trades Workers Industrial Union, Ben Gold,
Louis Hyman and others will make report
on the plans of the Industrial Union to actu-
ally unionize the mems clothing industry and
force the bosses to give better conditions to
the tailors.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12

IN 1918 the mems clothing workers, through
an organized revolt drove out of their ranks
the betrayers, Rickert and Larger, of the
Omitted Garment Workers Union," who for
many years had sold out the conditions of the
tailors to the bosses. Under the corrupt rule
of Rickert the taiors were forced to work in
sweat-shops, long hours, at starvation wages
which the bosses kept on reducing. The tailors
organized against these conditions and through
strike struggles succeeded in driving out the
traitors from their ranks and forced the
bosses to give them better conditions.
Now, in 1880, when the treacherous clique
of Hillman, Beckerman and Rissman have sue
ceeded in converting the Amalgamated into
a full-fledged company union to serve the in
terests of the bosses, as well as their own in
terests, the conditions of the taiors have sunk
to the low level as under the old rule of
Rckert and Larger.
Are the conditions of the tailors today bet
ter than under the regime of Rickert and
Larger? No. They are not!
80 More Fired.
Just as the Rickerts and Largers helped the
bosses, so the Hillman company union today
helps the bosses to lower our conditions. In
C. D. Jaffe, Cohen & Lang, ninety more work.
ers were thrown out on the streets to starve.
Reductions were forced on the workers of j.
in the very season reductions are forced in
almost every shop.
Already six weeks Of the season have
passed, more than half of the taiors are un-
employed, walking the streets and starving.
What we tailors going to get out of the
season? What are we getting out of the Un-
employment Fund which is supposed to be a
remedy for the unemployed? Nothing.
The conditions won by the tailors through
long, militant strikes have been completely
sold out to the bosses, and their working
standards are rapidly growing worse from day
to day. While the bosses and the company
union are forcing reductions on the workers
they already make plans for the next reduc-
ton, the wage cuts, the inhuman speed-up
and the lave-driving system of piece work
are continuously throwing out an ever in
creasing number of tailors on the streets.
More than half of the taiors are unemployed,
with starvation staring them in the face, and
all the workers know tn the Amalgamated
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12

no time coralling the workers and tearfully
pleading witt them to stand by their bosses
in time of stress and crisis and accept the
wage-cut and whatever else the bosses want
in a spirit OF brothery understanding. The
workers, betrayed and confused were herded
into the mills, wage-cut and all.
The Wanted boast of the socialists today
is that they have given Reading the cheapest
government yet Indeed so ludicrous is their
shopkeepers spirit that the Reading Times,
capitalist liberal sheet is up in arms against
them on the issue of free swimming pool versus
the socialist pay pool
Today the socialist party and the socialis.
administration of Reading stand stark naked
as the shopkeepers party of the big indus
trialists and bankers Socialist" is the bait
for the workers to struggle in their petty
bourgeoisie wake. Cheap government for the
bosses is their chief slogan. Suppression of
the workers in their fight against the bosses
under the guse of socialist" is their chief
task. And in true shopkeepers spirit they are
carrying out this task.
Never was there greater need for the mill
tant leadership of the Trade Union Unity
League and the Communist Party as there is
today in Reading and vicinity.
The PennsS lvania State Ratification Conven-
ton of the Communist Party to be held in
Reading, Sunday July Is, should be the first
step in drive to acquaint the workers of
Reading with the program of the revolutionary
Trade Union Unity League, and the role of
the Communist Party.
Revolutionary Qualification Of the many prob
lens facing the Reading workers is imperative
as exposing the socialist administration of the
Reading bosses.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12
By ALBERT MOREU.

THE brutal murder of Comrade Gonzalo Con
zales has aroused the class indignation of
the Latin American workers of Harlem and
the working class of New York. The series of
murders perpetrated by the police
definite expression of intensified oppression
of the Negroes and Latin American workers,
as exemplified by the murder of Alfred Levy
only short time before the killing of Con
zales.
The effects of the racial discrimination now
running high in Harlem have conclusively
proven to the oppressed colonials of New York,
as well as of the United States, that the
American imperialist class is fighting its death
battle in the United States and in it's colonies.
1t is significant that while Gonzales was
killed by policeman O'Brien in the most brutal
manner on June &c. when he and group of
Latin American workers were marching to a
mass protest meeting held under the auspices
of the Anti-Imperialist League and its affili-
ated Latin American organizations, that the
American organizations, that the American
imperialists were massacreing 20 Mexican
workers in Matamorros at demonstration
held there under the leadership of the Com
munist Party of Mexico. The bloody hand of
Wall Street that killed Comrade Gonzales
reached all the way to Matamorros.
= The lesson learned by the Latin Americans
in the United States especially the Mexican
workers. who suffer most from American i'm
perialist exploitation and oppression, is that
they no longer can pin their hopes for their
emancipation on the leadership of the nation
alist traitors in their home country and in the
United States. For they are nothing but the
executive agents of the bosses.
Fought in Mexico Against Imperialism.
The story of the life of Comrade Gonzales
as narrated by his wife, Dolores Gonzales, who
has just joined the Party, is a vivid example
of proletarian family of Mexico suffering
for years under the yoke of foreign DONNA
ton. Gonzales and his wife took part in the
bourgeois democratic revolution led by Gales
and the other henchmen of American imperial
ism now at the head of the Mexican govern
ment. Seven years ago, at the age of sixteen,
Dolores Gonzales met her husband in the
streets of Michaocan, fighting for the liberia
ton of Mexico from the claws of foreign i'm
perialism. Much blood was shed then by the
workers and peasants but they were led by the
bourgeoisie, by its betrayal, into victory for
American imperialism.
Gonzales, baker, found no Improvement
in the lot of the workers after the battle was
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12

according to writer's in chemical journals quot
ed by Cameron.
phosphorus has most excellent harassng
and morale lowering effect The explosion
of phosphorus bomb, scattering Jumps of
burning phosphorus over a wide area has a
most terrifying aspect, and may lead to seri-
Gus burns since it continues to burn as long
as oxygen is available, even when embedded
in the flesh"
Mustard gas, "the King of Cases., is the
most deadly of all, the expert states, and the
most effective of all gases in breaking down
morale. Because of its delay act and its
terrible power even in the smallest concentra-
tions, mustard gas causes huge casualties. AL
though such q. poison gas has not yet been
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12

used against striking workers in the United
States, it is ready as a weapon in reserve.
Other sections of this 32-page vibrant pamph-
let deal with the coming imperialist war, the
chemical industry in relation to war; poison
gas strategy and tactics, and the workers in
relation to the war danger.
Chemical experts in Washington are trying
to find out more about Donald Cameron who
has thus revealed some of the facts never told
in the capitalist press. Editors Of chemical
journals recognize that some colleague has told
the truth about war preparations and about the
use of poison gas against workers.
sChemical Warfare: Poison Gas In the Coming
War. BY Donald A. Cameron. International
Pamphlets. 100 Broadway Price 10 Cents.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-07-12

puhlshIpe
d1re sud maj al o 262 10 New Yk
The Washington times., 1930-07-16
PLANT STUDIES
AID To MAN :

AS scientists deIve into unknown
fields, human beings are ever
learning to recognize themselves
as similar to the plants and ami
mails that surround them.
It has recently been divulged
by DR.. r. j. Haskell, expert in
plant diseases in the United States
Department of Agriculture, that
methods of controlling plant dis
eases are probably as numerous
as those used in combating human
ailments. InaSmuch as both are
concerned with the suppression Of
germs and organisms and means
of dealing with them are SONS.
what similar.
There are four main lines of
attack, says DR.. Haskell, In deal
ing with plant diseases. The
first is prevent their entrance into
this country by means of inspec-
ton and quarantines. The sec
end is to eradicate them before
they have made any headway,
The third method is the placina
of barrier between the germ"
and the host plant in order to
prevent infection. This is accom-
plished by spraying with fungi.
cideS and destruction of insect
carriers. The fourth method is
selection and breeding for re-
siStant varieties.
The Washington times., 1930-07-16
NEW PARK P[AN
UNDERSTUDY

The National Capital Park
and Planning Commission will
study the plans effecting opera
ton of the Cramton bill provid-
ing for extension of Washington's
park along the Potomac River,
Friday and Saturday.
Lieut.. Col. U. S. Grant, Sd, ex-
ecutive officers of the commits.
4 sion said the body will consider
a proposal for standard width
for various types of streets in
the Capital.
Colonel Grant said that under
the present system street widths
have no relation to modern traf-
fic volumes.
The commission. it was said,
will also attempt to come to
some conclusion as to what to do
with the old reservoir site in
Georgetown and Of Brightwood
beach.
The Washington times., 1930-07-16
'LOUdOlIn Herds Set
Hiqh Mix AUeruQe

LEESBURG. Va, July 16.-In
the Loudoun County Herd I'm
provement Association No. for
the past month, Mrs. r. A. Shedd
had the high herd with an aver
age of TAT pounds of milk and
,39.1 pounds of butterfat. A
grade Guernsey COW owned by
Nichols and Hall, made high COW,
, her total production being 1866
pounds of milk containing 1875
pounds of butterfat.
In group No. 2 the high COW
! was a grade Guernsey owned by
j. A. Whitney. She produced
1899 pounds of milk containing
1913 pounds of butterfat. The
high herd is owned by Myers
Bros, with an average produc.
tion of 974 pounds of milk and
45.3 pounds of butterfat.
In group No. 3 the high herd
was owned by E. E. Mann, with
an average of 726 pounds of milk
and 1913 pounds of butterfat.
The high COW was a grade Guern-
Sey owned by D. C. Sands, with
1880 pounds of milk containing
70.5 pounds of butterfat.
The Washington times., 1930-07-16
HARDING HUNG
IN Dill GROUP

Although it has been nearly
seven years since Warren G.
Harding died, a portrait of the
postwar President has only now
been hung in the White House
alongside those Of his predeces-
SorS. ......
The oil is a three-quarter
length picture done by Luis Mora,
the famous portrait painter, born
in South America but a resident
of the United States for many
years. It depicts President Hard.
ing, attired in a frock coat,
seated in a chair.
It hangs to the left of the
main entrance, with that of
Calvin Coolidge hanging on the
right, as is customary, Mr.. Cool
idge being the last Executive to
retire from office.
Efforts of George Christian,
who was Mr.. Harding's secretary,
and Senator Fess (R), of Ohio,
were largely responsible for the
belated hanging of the picture.
The Washington times., 1930-07-16
Planters Hear Talk
On BarLev for Feed

LEESBURG, Va, July 16.-
L. M. McGavack, of Paeonian
Springs, Va, entertained the July
meeting of the Planters Club Of
Loundoun. The following mem.
bers were present: Alfred di
zerega, r. j. McCrey, w. A.
Metzger, 8. T. Piggott, Frank
Saunders, G. w. Hume, T. M.
Fendall, II. L. Welsh, A. Lee Van
Deventer, John s. Ward. L. NJ.
McGavack, Fred Stabler and J.
r. Lintner. Visitors present were
J. T. McGavack, r. N. Legard,
Roland Legard and Campbell Le-
gard.
Alfred di Zerega discussed
Barley as a Feed Crop" A
round-table discussion followed
the talk.