davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1930-06-06
DIPPING INTO
SCIENCE
The Formation of Coal

The Formation Of Coal
When we burn wood in such
a manner that little air gets to
it, we have an almost all-carbon
product-charcoal. Exactly in
this way did mother nature pro-
duce our coal. Millions of years.
accumulations of leaves and
vegetable matter and the result
ing weight, together with the
earth's heat, turned this mat
ter into coal. However. more
gas is retained in coal than in
charcoal.
(@l 1880. Western Newspaper Union.l
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1930-06-06

The annual pay roll in Texas Of the
common carrier bus and truck indus
try totals about $29,000000.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1930-06-06
MAKING LIFE
TOO EASY
By THOMAS ARKLE CLARK
Dean of Men, University of
Illinois.


Sumner almost raised riot in our
neighborhood few years ago because
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1930-06-06
(3la&3|':: YG1ZB

In the color scheme
of life it is almost
as easy to blacken
O mans character
as to whitewash 1t.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1930-06-06

The smoke problem in cities is large
ly dependent on the volatile content
of the coal burned.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1930-06-06
r.LEADlNG.sa.'...'''.'''''''.''''
RADIO PROGRAMS

(Time given is Eastern Standard:
subtract one hour for Central and TWO
hours for Mountain time.)
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
new MEXICAN
HIGHWAY PLAN
Road, Telegraph Lines Are
Part Of Development
Program
BIZ yAcK STARE HUNT

MEXICO CITY. Sept 274-Fn-
lowing In the wake OF his recent
project for what has become gem
orally known here as the Mexican
ization of the northern district OF
Lower California, where much has
been said recently OF the alleged
American influx In the district,
President Pascual Ortiz Ruhio has
authorized q statement giving adj
ditional plans towards what the
statement called development, pro-
lection and Mexicanization OF the
peninsula or Baja California"
This new measure, the statement
said, is aimed to benefit that
federal entity" The executive ex-
planned that the project Is the re-
suit m recent study made or con-
ditions In Lower California by q
committee appointed for that pur-
pose. The main points included IN
the project are. first. the construc-
ton OF a national highway from
Mexicali to Nogales, Sonora, be-
cause existing reads through that
region are at present IN d~eplorable
shape: also completion OF the road
between Nogalas and AiTo@nres.
This last mentioned road Is TO
- modelled after roads built In the
United States across desert stretch
es. The project also calls for the
uniting OF isolated telegraph Of
fees at present operating in the
southern and northern districts OF
Lower California In order that
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
BY RODNEY
NEA Service Writer

WASHINGTON, Sept. AFTER
more than 80 years Of experiments.
DR.. Charles Greeley Abbot. who
probably knows more about the sun
than any man in the world, believes
ne has demonstrated that solar ra-
diation is variable and that its var
iations control the temperature OF
the earth.
He has gone into remote places
in South Africa, BaluchiStan, Al
gcria, Gle and other countries in his
search for exact proof. Once he
travelled $4,000 miles 10 find the best
spot to record radiation. He devel-
oped an instrument called the bolo-
meter which measures temperature
to a millionth OF a degree.
Today he is able 70 announce re-
suits OF studies which may bring
into the near future the time when
weather can be forecast for whole
seasons in advance, removing much
OF the farmers risk, assuring safety
for the sailor and the aviator and
eliminating great loss and waste 20
business the world over.
DR.. Abbot has offered the plainest
sort OF scientific proof that the
weather responds In a very import
ant way TO solar radiation His
announcement, 1t has been predicted
will stand as one Of the epochs In
the history OF meteorology.
Temperatures Follow Radiation
They'll start shooting at IT," he
told this writer. The whole thing
seems too good to be true, anyway.
We have shown that yer a period
Of six years the increases or de-
creases in the intensity Of solar
radiation corresporded with defi-
mite reflections Of temperature In
washington and at other points.
But I have only Just begun. IL
is only this year that we have
plainly connected the small vari-
at!ons OF temperature. In the last
month or two We have obtained
these very surprising results, which
seem so remarkably successful that
I am fnxic@S to have any errors
pointed out. II there are any, before
we 60 farther with III comparative
studies Of tire arometric pressure and
other factors"
DR.. Abbot for two years has been
secretary OF the Smithsonian In
sti.ution, the fifth n that success
sion. He was elected TO the post
carrying supervision and direction
Of that great scientific establish
ment, by a board Of regents which
included William Howard Taft,
Charles @. Dawes, Dwight w. Nor
roT and Charles Evans Hughes.
Idea Advanced by Langley
He Is So years old, a tall, thin,
why man with i~ron-gray hair and
a walrus mustache. Little Of the
aloofness or shyness traditionally
associated with scientists is found
in DR.. Abbot. He can speak the
average mans language without ef-
fort. but use 1t with modesty and
cautious restraint in speaking Of
the significance Of his own achieve
ments.
His important discoveries tn So
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
Something New Under the Sun!

the work 10 date has cost somewhere
between half q million and q mil
lior dollars. Often It has been ham
pered by lack Of funds
we are not In the business OF
weather forecasting." Or. Abbot
says. II don't want to attempt now
any far-reaching predictions. We
do know that solar radiation varies
rapidly I'D and down because sun
spots and variable heat spots called
faculae on the sun which face the
earth one after the other aS brought
round BY the suns revolutions. We
are sure that temperature changes
are the effects Of these sonar changes
but we don't know. for instance.
why the effect Of the change nc one
part of the year Is TO send temper
atures down and &C another 70 send
them I'D. We will try TO find out.
Nevertheless, II I am correct.
persons skilled in the art ought to
soon be able 70 use our charts TO
forecast weather anywhere In the
world"
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28

there may he direct communira-
ticn between T1ajuana and Ago
dcnes and between the latter place
and San Jose del Cabo.
IL Is also proposed In the project
10 construct n telegraph line from
Algdunes Co force the present pri-
vate telegraph offices or the race
track operators at Tiajuana 70
use an office Of the national tele-
graph lines
IN this connection III In also plan
ned I'd require the American COM
pany which operates the race track
70 pay the salaries OF two telegraph
operators. who shall be Mexicans.
Revision OF the concession hetr
by the railroad company that cpslA
ates between MexlcaH and the GIN
or Cortez also Is mentioned In tAB
statement.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
HERALD Man
HEADS CLUB
Jack Starr Hunt Elected
President OF Mexico
City Club
tRy vac Assoclated Pressl

MEXICO CITY, Sept 27.-Elec-
ton OF officers. the nomination Of
several honorary members Of men
prominent in international Journal
ism engaged the attention Of mem
bers OF the Foreign Correspondents
Club OF Mexico at their annual
meeting on the occasion OF the
first anniversary Of the foundation
OF the club.
After a vote Of appreciation for
the work performed for the club
by John II. Cornyn, Chicago Trib-
une correspondent and retiring
president of the club, election Of
officers followed. Jack Starr-Hunt.
Brownsville Herald correspondent
In Mexico. and correspondent for
other American newspapers, was
elected president. also retaining the
office OF treasurer. Charles p.
Nutter. OF the Associated Press. was
reelected secretary.
Ambassador Dwight w. Morrow,
honorary president Of the club, who
inaugurated 1t a year ago with the
holding Of the first press confer
ence at the new club and who held
his last newspaper conference in
Mexico also at the club was voted
into permanent honorary member
ship.
Several new names were added TO
the list Of honorary members,
which now is composed as follows:
Walter Williams, e~x-preSident Of
the Press Congress Of the World
and president Of the University OF
Missouri: ]. Reuben Clark, attor-
ney Of Salt Lake City and unof-
fetal adviser to Ambassador Nor
row: Kent Cooper, general manag-
er OF the Associated Press; Charles
S. Smith, foreign manager Of the
Associated Press; Karl Bickel,
president Of the United Press; A.
r. Holcombe, managing editor Of
the New York Herald Tribune;
Louis Wiley, business manager Of
the New York Times; Harry
Chandler, president of the Los An
geles Times; William l.. Vail and
Robert Hammond Murray. both re-
tired correspondents formerly sta
toned IN Mexico City. and I'll a.
Gonzales OF the Identification bu-
reau Of the Mexico City police de-
partment.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28

lar radiation were first fathered by
Professor Samuel p. Langley, third
Smithsonian secretary, who is mos.
famous because he worked out the
basic principles Of airplane flight
and built and flew IN 1896 the large
model Of the mechanically driven
heavier-than-air machine.
Langley" says Abbot, knew
that Ell life depended on the sun
ard that II we Hsew the amount
OF radiation and its influence, how
much was lost on the way down
through the atmosphere and how
much the earth itself radiated, We
would have the facts on which tenn
pcrature and weather depend"
Planned to Be a Carpenter
Abbot was born on a farm at
Wilton, N. II, and at the age Of
Is was building himself a forge and
making a bicycle. He rugged up
water wheels, mended farm imple-
mentS and made a saw out Of a tin
can. He intended to become q car
penter. But people sacrificed 70
keep him at school and he began
to win prizes for scholarship and
good English composition. He still
has the knack Of writing, as shown
by his books and many popular ar
ticles on science. His family sold
scme property and sent him TO the
Massachusetts, Institute Of Tech
nology, and 1t was while he was do
ing graduate work there that Lang
ley wrote to Tech asking for rec
cnmmendation Of an assistant for
the astrophysical laboratory. Lang
ley found Abbot in old overalls on
an experiment. took one look at him
and engaged him at once. That
was IN 1895. He began at once by
~perfecting instruments which ena-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28

bled Langley and himself to plot
the infra-red spectrum
Suns Rays Not Constant
About 1903" Abbot says, seer
tain experiments in Washington
led us to suspect that the suns
rays at their source ninety million
miles away were not constant, but
variable. In our early work to-
ward confirmation Of this suspicion
We developed the silver disk
pyrheliometer which is now used
by obServatories over the world fol
measuring radiation.
we put up an observatory or
Mount Wilson and our observation
almost Immediately indicated that
there was such a variation.
Our difficulty was to find what
solar radiation would be at the tor
OF the worlds atmosphere We had
20 eliminate or discount the effects
o. great oceans Of atmosphere, guam
titles OF water vapor and dust
through which radiation reaches the
earth. We feared that our supposed
solar changes we're really atnoS-
pheric. Hence our search for noun
tains offering dry, pure, rare air
free from dust and smoke as well as
uniform and u~nchanging In the most
cloudlesS regions Of the earth
Went TO Algeria and Chile
I'm 1911 and 1912 I went TO Al
geria and got further confirmation
of the variation theory. In 1915
we established an observatory al
Calama, 5000 feet above sea leve,
in the Chilean nitrate fields. Later
this was moved to Montezuma
mountains. II miles away. 5000 feet
above sea level. There our observers
have ever since measured the inten-
sity OF radiation on every possible
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
SURE SUICIDE

ELIZABETH. Nv. jim order GO
make sure he would comm suicide.
-7seph @. Houser tried three ways
First he slashed his wrists with a
razor blade. then he drank a bottle
or poison. Fear that these methods
would not work caused him TO leap
out or the third-stcrv -'-@~w or
his home. Worry over an automo-
bile accident Is said to have caused
his suicide.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
By Z A KLEEI
Scienca Editor. NEA Service

one OF the important reasons
for ~overheating Of the engine az
this time Of the year Is clogging Of
the cooling system with rust scale
and lime deposits that should have
been cleaned out last spring. some
times even a spring cleaning, u
not done thoroughly, won't avail,
and it may become necessary Tor
the motorist 70 repeat the cleaning
process now.
The passages ia the radiator core
are very small and therefore are
liable to become clogged easily
with the least accumulation Of rust
sludge and scale in the system.
Therefore the least sign Of q quick
" heating engine should be q
warning 70 give the system a tho
rough cleaning.
on an average. cleaning Of the
cooling system needs only seIlai-
annual attention-in spring, when
the anti-freeze is drained out, and
In fall when il Is restored. But i
a a Is driven hard and covers
more than average mileage IN q
few months, there should be inter
mediate draining and cleaning IN
the middle Of summer and the
middle OF winter.
The accupulation IN the radia-
tor and engine block Is similar 70
the deposits on the inside OF a tea
kettle, after 10 has been filled and
refilled numerous times. Just as q
housewife has TO cleanse this out
Thoroughly. the motorist must do
likewise with his cars cooling
system. Even more SO. for he has
TO contfnd with an additional ac-
cumulation OF rust from the engine
block, and It doesn't take much OF
this TO block the entire system and
cause overheating Of the engine.
Cleaning the cooling system IS
simple. First drain the system Of
whatever liquid is in It. Then dis
solve q half pound Of baking soda,
or sal soda. in q gallon Of water
and pour that into the system If
the system takes more water than
that, add the difference with a
proportionate amount Of soda dis
solved in It.
With the bottom pet-cock closed
and the radiator cap locked. run
the engine for about Is minutes
Then drain.
The engine should be started
again and, while ii Is running. with
the lower pet-cock open, water
should be kept pouring into the
system from the top for another
IS minutes. This can be done by
means OF a hose connection TO the
house water supply. with the water
running Just about as fast as II
drains.
After this. the pet-cock nay be
shut and the system refilled with
fresh wafer.
II the drained water reveals q
radiator and engine block with q
heavy accumulation OF rust and
lime scale. Il may be advisable to
uncour'e the lower hose connec-
ton. after the engine has been run
with the soda solution. and shoot
water upward into the radiator
from below. The radiator cap
should be locked during this opera
ton. and there should be a slight
force behind the water.
The pressure. however. must not
be too heavy-only about 10 to 90
pounds-and II must not be main
tanned for any considerable length
OF time. OF II would force leaks in
the radiator core. The upwerd flow
at this pressure should be main
tanned for only about two min
utes, and the water allowed to
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
ANGEL WHEAT

SPRING HILL, Va.-An angel
saved the wheat OF Henry Freme
In 1870, according To an inscription
carved on his monument here. II
says: Warned by an angel In Q
dream September %. 1870. to re-
move his wheat from Psi-ner Mil
now Spring H4n.' which ne did
The following day q flood destroy
ed the mill" According to Mrs
Elizabeth Carson. granddaughter OF
the mill owner. the dream story Is
a family tradition.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
IMMUNE

BERWICK, Pa.-Mary Keener
Is. had some doubt lbout gettin-
back to school this year. She har
been vaccinated 10 times, receive
q temporary certificate I'D .in~
her to school. and when the vacci
nations failed to take. DR.. Camp
bell recently visited her TO vaccinat,
the girl for the twentieth time
When this vaccination failed r
take. he issued her q permanent
school certificate.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
HOw'S She Hittin'?

u-ain quickly through the wldl
hose opening. This would also per-
nit the water in the system 20
rush out quickly, taking with il
whatever rust and scale could not
get through the pet-cock.
This process should be repeated
With care until the water comes
through clean.
In closing the system, the hose
connections should be replaced
with new ones If they show any
signs OF deterioration.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
SHIP SHAPED BUILDING

H~AMBURG.-One OF the strang-
est pieces OF architecture In Ger
many is the building recently de
signed by Fritz Hoger at the request
OF this city. 1t Is ship-sr~ped I
typify this great center on shiDpin-
1t IS ~ eight story clinic and Of
flee structure and was erected a.
a cost Of more than S750,00O.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
Tampico Rat Rumors
Being Investigated
Especial to The Herald)

MEXICO CITY, Sept. 27.-tR-
investigation into rumors that the
ships which brought African corn
to the port OF Tampico for distri-
button in Mexico also brought rats
injected with bubonic plague has
been ordered by a resolution adopt
ed by the chamber OF deputies.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
ANGEL HANDS

LONDON. - Barbara Giasby's
hands r those Of an angels. At
least her father, famous sculpturer
and designer OF stained glass
thinks they are. And he uses his
daughters hands as models for hts
designing. As a result. her hands
II to be seen IN church Window
In al part. OF the world.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28

day, so that we get q telegram about
every morning in Washington"
Another station was established
on Table mountain in California
and in 1925, supported by money
from the National Geographic So
ciety, DR.. Abbot made his $4,000 mile
tour through Algeria to the edge OF
the Sahara. TO sandy wastes back of
the Nile, TO the Senai peninsula,
where Moses received the command
ment from God, TO the home Of
wild warrior tribes In the hills OF
Baluchistan In Asia and finally
down among the Hotentots OF South
Africa.
He finally settled on Mount Bruk-
karos, after being guided there on
foot by a Hottentot. The mountain
Is $500 feet above sea level and ac-
ceSsible only by the bed Of q stream.
Abbot scrambled around on rocky
Lodges all day and found a place for
an observatory cave. He then OBJ
tanned permission to use the place
from a H0ttentot tribe and placed
two Of his men from Washington In
charge.
Cost Nearly A Million
Observations from all three sta
tionS-Chilean. South African and
Calfornian-have been received and
used by DR.. Abbot In Washir 7ton.
The Smithsonian group has been
the only one in the world TO carry
Oh such experiments. Abbot say,
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28
NO. WE HAVEN'T

A Jew and an Englishman were
having an argument about the
WAYS OF their respective races.
"You people" said the Jew
have been taking things from u
all your lives. The Ten Command.
ments. for instance"
We'll. yes" said the other. "wI
took them from you all right. huf
you can't say we've kept them
Tft-Bits.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28

DANVILLE, Va Capt. Harry
wcoding. 80. has just completed his
38th year rs Danville's mayor and
Is still going strong RE first be-
came mayor or Danvill during
Cleveland's administration ln 1922.
and has been In office ever since.
His doctors bin for the past IS
years has not exceeded $40. and HIS
physical condition is 80 coed that
he ~ nc work every day.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28

Francisco Bamirino. an Italian
artist. was the first to set an opera
TO music. The opera. The CONVEX
sion OF 81. PanI." was brought out
In Rome I'm 1850.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-28

A red sunset. with clouds lower
ing later. is said to indicate rain.
Nogales international., 1930-02-07
LEGAL NOTICE

Township Twenty three (23) South
Range Seventeen Q7) East of the
G & S R B & M, Arizona, contain
ing one hundred sixty (160) acres
more or less, together with all
water and water rights appurten-
ant, or that may become, appur-
tenant to the land described.
Notice is hereby given that I will
on the 10th day of Feb, 1880, 11:45
o'clock A. M. of said day at the
court house in the City of Nogales,
Santa Cruz County, State of Ari-
zona, will sell the above described
property, or SO much thereof as
may be necessary to satisfy Plain
tiff's claim, besides the costs and
interest and accruing costs, at pub
lie auction to the highest bidder,
for cash.
Dated this 10Th day of January,
A. D. 1880.
H. j. PATTERSON
Sheriff.
pub. LII 4 FriD
Nogales international., 1930-02-07
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT

a
OF Santa Cruz County, State Of
Arizona
Action brought in the Superior
Court of Santa Cruz County, State
of Arizona, and the Complaint filed
in the said County Of Santa Cruz
in the office of the Clerk Of the
said Superior Court.
JOVITA WOOD Plaintiff VS..
JOHN H. WOOD Defendant
IN THE NAME OF THE STATE
OF ARIZONA TO
JOHN H. WOOD Defendant, Greet
ing:
You Are Hereby Summoned and
required to appear in an action
brought against you by the above
named plaintiff in the Superior
Court of Santa Cruz County, State
of Arizona, and answer the Com
plaint therein filed with the Clerk
of this said Court, at Nogales, in
said County, within twenty days
after the. service upon you Of this
Summons, if served in this said
County, or in all other cases within
thirty days thereafter, the times
above mentioned being exclusive OF
the day of service; or judgment by
default will be taken against you
Given under my hand and seal OF
the Superior Court of Santa Cruz
County, State Of Arizona, this 4th
day of January, A. D. 1880.
(SEAL)
Robert. e. Lee
Clerk of the said Superior Court
(Pub. 1T S TueS.)
Nogales international., 1930-02-07
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT
OF Santa Cruz County, State OF
Arizona.
NOTICE TO CREDITORS
In the matter of the estate of r.
D. WOOD, Deceased.
Notice is hereby given by the under
signed Lena M. Wood, executrix
of the estate of R. D. Wood, de-
ceased, to the creditors of and all
persons having claims against the
said deceased, to exhibit them, with
the necessary vouchers, within four
months after the first publication
of this notice to the said executrix
at the office of G. A. Little, POI
Trust Building, NogaleS, Arizona,
attorney for executrix, the same be-
ing the place for the transaction OF
the business of said estate, in said
County of Santa Cruz.
LENA M. WOOD
executrix Of the estate of r. D.
Wood, deceased.
Dated Nogales, Arizona this 23rd
day of January, 1880.
Q-24 4 Fri)