davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
Police Manners and Efficiency

Mai. Pratt's campaign to instill the
principles of courtesy and consideration
into the police force is being carried
on through the medium of his principal
assistants, who are about to begin 6
series of lectures to the personnel of the
department on thi: subject. Inspec-
tors Shelby and Brown will meet the
men of the various precincts every
afternoon at roll call until the entire
force has been taught this lesson.
The policemen are being told that
the most effective police organization
is one that avoids needless hostility
that uses force only in case of absolute
necessity. that keeps its temper and
that regards all persons as law-abidins
until they are found to be in dereliction
1t used to be, and perhaps is now, the
rule in England to rate the policemen
inversely according to the number Of
arrests made. The policeman was, in
short, regarded as a peace-keeper and
if he kept the peace on his beat without
aresting people he was considered as
the model man of law. Instead of being
rated highly for numerous arrests, he
was required to justify every arrest.
One consequence of this rule of dis
cipline was that the bobby" as the
British policeman is called, was re-
spected by the public. His word was
law to all but the most incurable crimi-
nal or miscreant. He gave his admoni-
tory orders in the form of friendly ad-
vice. Brutality by the British police
man was virtually unknown.
1t may be impossible to adopt the
British rule of police conduct in its
completeness, but there are many phases
of it that can be adapted to American
police methods.
A policeman should bear himself as a
gentleman even in the toughest quar-
tiers. He should treat every person he
meets with respect. He should regard
himself as on duty in the service Of the
people, to help them as well as to pro-
tect them, to advise them of their legal
rights as well as to adnonish them
against wrong-doing.
1t may be impossible to build UP a
force composed entirely Of such "Ad-
mirable Crichtons." The pay scale of
the police job is not particularly high
and does not fully compensate for the
services Of such superior creatures. But
the ideal can be maintained and those
policemen who most nearly attain to it
can be marked with exceptional merits,
to set standard of behavior that will
in time improve the relations between
police and public without in the least
lessening efficiency.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
''Creole,' - as Servant
Not a Derogatory Word

To the Editor of The Star:
In Sunday mornings paper was an
item by the A. P. in which 1t was stated
that Coolidge had started something
by asking for the dirivation of the
word Creole" and that the Creoles of
New Orleans were wondering why the
meaning of servant should attach to
this term. I am inclosing below for
publication an explanation. New Orleans
people as well as the public generally
will be interested:
The word Creole" derived from
criado, a servant, as applied to the an
cient Spanish nobility in the age Of
chivalry, was a term symbolic of the
highest idealism. The Spanish knight
spoke of himself always as in the serv-
ice of his lady love who buckled on his
armor. The same idea is expressed in
the motto OF the German Emperor, Itch
dien," serve. Ruskin also speaks of
the true king as guiding and serving his
people rather than as ruling over them.
1t is also implicit in the sentiment NO
blesse oblige." And in the practice of
very formal people of signing letters
as "Your obedient servant" And finally
in the words of Christ But he that is
greatest among you shall be your serv-
ant" q. G. McCANDLESS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
Spreading the Motors Bumps

The German aviator who during the
war scored a brilliant record, which
was closed only when he crashed and
lost his arm in the fall, has invented
a crash absorber" bumper for automo-
biles which he contends will greatly
reduce the peril of collisions. He tried
out his device yesterday in New York
in series of tests that, according to
the reports, quite clearly demonstrated
the possibility Of barging into cars and
even into solid masonry without in
jury.
The three test collisions comprised
driving a touring car at twenty-six
miles an hour into the back of another
machine, ranning at eighteen miles
an hour into steel and concrete via
duct pillar, and finally smashing head
on at thirty miles an hour into a sta
tionary small automobile. The first
target machine was somewhat crumpled
in the rear, the pillar was scratched
and the small car was demolished. The
colliding car carrying the new bumper
had one headlight slightly damaged
and the steering wheel snapped of its
support by the shock Of impact, being
otherwise unframed. The driver was
uninjured.
This crash absorber consists of a
three-inch bar of solid rubber attached
horizontally to the chassis by two pairs
of steel claws or scissors. On impact
the rubber stretches, spreading the
scissors, thus spending the impact pro-
gressively to right and left before it
reaches the chassis.
This device, If it is adopted and
works as well in the line of service as
it seems to have done in the New York
tests, will undoubtedly lessen the danger
Of casualties through collision on the
road. The question arises whether such
schemes are altogether to the good. Is
there not danger that the equipment
of motor cars with collision proof
shock-absorbing bumpers might lead to
reckleSSness through indifference as to
results? It must be remembered that g
shock absorber only protects the car
that carries 1t and does not lessen the
damage to another machine that lacks
it. Nor will a shock absorber, however
effective for the protection of the ma
chine which is equipped with it, save a
pedestrian who gets in its way.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

those same scandals have been used by
the proletarian parties, which are re-
spectively styled Social Democrats,
Farmer-Laborites, Peoples party and
National Democrats-titles which are
strongly suggestive of political groups
here and in Europe.
The utmost that the proletarian
parties can hope to accomplish in to-
morrow's election is the return of a
sufficient number of members to form a
balance-of-power bloc somewhat similar
to the Laborite group in the British Par
lament. Indeed, the organization of a
Laoorite or a proletarian ministry in
the event of a close division between
the two major parties and the election
OF considerable bloc of independents
is not out Of question.
Interest in the outcome of the cleo
ton is keen in other countries than
Japan. The development of the third
party sentiment, the unquestionable in
crease in liberal thought and activity
and the development even of radicalism
have been factors in Japanese politics
for a decade or more. The government
has sternly suppressed radical mani
festations in Japan, has banned demon
STATIONS, has checked as far as possible
without arousing actually seditious an
tagonism the organization of the work.
ing people. Russian influence in Japan
has been insidious and somewhat effec-
tive. Agents of the Moscow Soviets have
worked through various channels to
spread Communist doctrines. This has
all been under cover. Nobody knows
precisely how far it has gone.
It would seem to be uncomfortable
that radicalism should gain a substsn-
tial foothold in Japan, and yet the pos
sibility is feared by japanese leaders.
Tomorrow's election may show how far
Communist propaganda has been car
ried in the Land of the Rising Sun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J.. HASKIN.

tamhour stitch was in effect 3 chain
stitch.
9. How did the Greeks celebrate
A. To celebrate q victory the
Greeks placed laurel wreaths on the
brow of the victors and erected small
winged figures called Victories to COM
memorate some great event.
@. When was Carlyle House in AL
exandria, Va. built?-K. B. G.
A. 1t was built by John Carlyle in
1852, at a period when Alexandria
was the metropolis. of the British EN-
pire in America. Carlyle House was
a center of momentous events in Co
lonial and early United States history.
@. Please give an example of an
island which is gradually submerging.
r. o.
A. The Island Of Capri offers an
unusual example Of submergence with
in historic times. In ancient times a
sea cave, now known as Blue Grotto.
was used by the Romans as a resort
from excessive heat. In order to OBJ
tain light, an opening was cut in the
roof. Since that time the island has
sunk so that even the artificial open
ing Is now partially submerged. In
SuZffs caves of the Bermuda Island
stalactites hang from the roof and ex-
tend into the sea water, which partially
fills the cave. Stalactites obviously could
not have been formed in water, prov
ing that at one time the island had a
greater elevation. These islands seem
to be disappearing, but in this case
the process Is q very slow one.
@. Can an automobile be taken into
Mexico free Of duty by person NOV
ing there for residence?-W. T. S.
A. Automobiles, musical instruments
and articles Of luxury cannot be i'm
ported into Mexico free of duty as
household goods. Only used furniture
is admitted under this category.
@. When was the Band of Hope
organiSed?-F. s.
A. The FIRST was organized in Eng
land In 1S47. A band of hope Is any
OF many local temperance associations
Q. Is Rebecca West pen nameP
"A w. A.
A. 1t Is the pen name Of Cicily Isabel
Fairfield an English actress who de-
serted the stage for literature and took
as pen name that of the heroine of
1bsen's "Rosmersholm."
@. From what language is the word
alligator" taken?--S. s. H.
| A. 1t is thought to be a corruption
Of the Spanish Eel lagarto." Hawkins
employed the term "alagartoeS" in 1894
| q. II foreigner takes out an Amer
lean patent, does it make him an Amer
| lean cttizen?-S. e. w.
A. Patents are granted irrespective
OF the citizenship of the person who
applies for the patent. Therefore the
| granting of patent has no significance
as to ones citizenship.
! @. Should raw caulihower be kept
in the vegetable basket or In the re-
frigerator?-G. S.
A. 1t should be kept in the refrig-
orator. Caulihower is in reality a mass
Of tiny blossoms and should be treated
as flowers would be. Hold the cauli-
! flower, encircled with green leaf bases
flowers down, under the cold-yater
faucet. Gently shake OF all excess
waterN Wrap in parafhned paper to
conserve the moisture and to prevent
diffusion Of odor throughout the re-
| frigerator.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

Have we had the pleasure Of serving
you through our Washington Informa-
ton Bureau? Can't we be OF some
help to you In your problems? our
business is TO furnish you with
authoritative information, and we IN
vite you to ask US any question OF fact
In which you are interested. send your
inquiry to The Evening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic j. HaSkin, director,
Washington, D. G. 1nclose cents In
coin or stamps for return postage.
Q. How many schools are using
radios now?-E. L. G.
A. OF more than 600 licensed
broadcasting stations, II are owned
and operated by educational institutions
Nearly 500 commercial stations report
weekly average of approximately 80
hours Of broadcasting, including about
l3 per cent classed as educational. In
addition, several State Departments OF
Education employ the radio to some
extent, Ohio having a one-hour program
for every school day. Lately the flrsc
program of the American School OF the
Air was launched, the audience con-
siSting of 100000 school children.
Hereafter instruction will be given twice
a week in various subjects, supplement-
ing the regular courses.
@. How many elements have been
discovered in the past SO yearsP-s. L.
| A. About 20 have been discovered
In the last half century.
@. What is the population of Porto
Rico to the square mile?--H. l..
| A. Porto Rico has an area OF SASS
square miles and population OF nearly
100000. This makes more than 400
to the square mile. About 10 per cent
! Of the population is rural, only ~ per
cent living in cities.
@. How cold is It at the bottom OF
the ocean?-T. D.
! A. In the ocean there is rapid de-
crease in temperature with depth until
about 400 fathoms is reached, when
there is a very gradual lowering to the
bottom. Here the temperature remains
practically uniform ab from 81 degrees
Fahrenheit TO 35 degrees Fahrenheit
and Is independent Of latitude.
O. What was the name Of the first
Indian chief who was converted "a
Christianity?-J. NJ. B.
A. It is probable that Mantol or
Manteo was the first Indian chief to be
converted to Christianity In America
This happened August IS, 1887, on the
| ISlanQ OF Roanoke, part Oh the
Raleigh colony As there were Roman
Catholic missionaries as early as 1902
when Bartholomew de las Casas came
to America. some other Indian chief
might have become a convert before
Manteo, but it has not been recorded.
@. Do coast States show larger
iodine content In their fruit and vege-
tables than States In the INTERIOR
r. 8.
| A. It is true that they do.
@. Is the number of child workers
increasing In the United States?-
NJ. M.
A. It Is decreasing. In 1912 there
were 1890 900 child workers, while the
latest census reports show 100000.
@. How much territory does the
Colorado River drain?-R. II.
A. It drains territory Of 100000
square miles.
F. 3. T =. Is the ''m00uF ''i''n'-
A. This embroidery stitch was made
with q tambour needle, which wal
practically crochet hook, and thu
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

The New Lehlbach Bill.

Opposition to the new Lehlbach re-
ttrement liberalization bill is based more
on fear Of . jam in legislation that
would threaten the passage of any re-
tircment legislation than upon the
merits Of the bill itself. 1t is altogether
probable that Mr. Lehlbach's new meas
ure would carry more relief than the
measure passed by the Senate. But
some Of those interested in retirement
relief are naturally fearful, with past
experience in mind, that with the long
road of hearings and study ahead of
the new Lehlbach bill the present ses-
sion of Congress might come to an end
without any broadening of present re-
tirement legislation. A halfway meas
ure, bolstered to some extent by amend
ments, they feel, is better than no meas
ure ct all.
The Lehlbach-Dale bill was put ahead
Of the tariff legislation in the Senate
to get 1t out Of the way. There was a
long-drawn breath Of hearty relief from
the Federal employees when it was safely
light OF subsequent events, with the
senate spending day after day on the
tar1n and slowly acct1mulating pressure
for other business In the meantime, that
relief &C the passage of the Dale meas
ure has been amply justified.
Now, with the House machinery func-
tioning smoothly and with the House as
. whole marking time waiting for Sen
ate action, there is Of course fine OPP
portalnity for decisive action on retire.
ment in the lower body. The introduc-
ton and beginning of hearings on the
new Lehlbach measure has been inter-
preted In some quarters as spelling more
delay. It is generally admitted that
IL any bill for liberalizing the retirement
Law comes into the House now, the
chances are that it will be quickly and
practically unanimously approved.
Mr.. Lehlbacn's motives, however, are
not 10 be questioned, and he is right
eously indignant that they have been
questioned. He is endeavoring TO put
his best foot foremost and do all he
can 10 give the Federal employees the
bsnefit Of liberali1ed retirement at this
session Of Congress. His determination
to take the chance of tying up retire
ment legislation at this session by in
Producing his new measure should be In
terpreted by giving him the benefit OF
the doubt His action should be re-
garued as q real desire to improve upon
the legislation that employees have al
ready accepted as being the best that
can be hoped for. Such action doubt
le1s would not have been taken If Mr..
LehIbach felt that he was actually en-
dangering the hope for any relief.
In this connection the Central Labor
Unions Endorsement of both the Dale
Lehlbach bill and of the new Lehlbach
bin Is indicative of o reasonable stand
on the matter Both bills are acceptable
to Federal employees. Passage of either
win carry needed relief. As the re-
spcnsibility for granting this relief now
rests with Congress, it is better to grant
good motives to those in charge of the
legislation and to support their efforts to
remove al possible obstacles from the
path ahead. Further muddying of re-
ttrement legislation waters can only
serve to defeat the best interests of those
who do the muddying.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

farmers will take advantage OF this
finding and adopt new ways of treat
ment. II they do, says DR.. Reed, they
will increase their sugar output by ten
per cent. Heretofore farmers have been
rather slow in following scientific adj
vice. They are naturally conservative
as a class, preferring old methods to
new, reluctant to change their processes.
But II they are once shown by au-
thoritative example they will follow the
lead. A single crop will convert them
to the new mode.
This simple matter of cutting the
beet tops an inch and a half higher
may make the difference between bare
cost meeting and a profit for many
American farmers who specialize in
sugar-root growing. 1t is but one of
innumerable instances of the advan-
tageous application of modern labora-
tory methods to mans Oldest industry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
Various Explanations Given
For G. 0. p. Loss in Bay State

nee" according to the New York Tfmas
| independently, lis o man OF admitted
ability. He was a little too clever. A
good dry in the Legislature, he knsw
the district was wet. He wanted to be
elected. So he pumped for the repeal
of the eighteenth amendment. This
seemed rather violent somerSault. He
mitigated and wabbled." The Boston
Transcript Independently adds that no
political aSpirant will try the trick of
standing with one foot in a dry bucket
and the other in wet" The st. Paul
Pioneer Press independently comments:
The predomtnance given the wet issue
might very reasonably prompt the con-
cluSion that this district was less eager
to draw Republican blood than 1t was
to draw a liquid more suitable for bev-
erage purposes. Possibly the Republican
candidate would have got along more
happily without the generous support
and Endorsement given him by the Anti
Saloon League and other cry organi-
cations"
well, it is q distressing mess" con-
cludes the Worcester Telegram (inde-
pendent). Republican State Chairman
Taylor has been devotedly .journeying
about the State exhorttng the faithful
to forget there is such q thing as a
prohibition issue and stand by their
party nominees. In the second district
the estimable Mr.. Griggs evidently be-
lieved they would do this little thing.
He appealed to the drys as one Of their
own and to the vets as one who would
vote their way. And there he lies in a
crumpled heap at the bottom Of the
elevator shaft"
THE fact that an avowed wet is
nrnfApPAA ~ 1To
to 'moist-arid' candidate" remarks
the Birmingham News (Democratic) sis
likely to be interpreted by vets as a
rebuff to prohibition. From this judg-
ment that the vets have won a lasting
victory in the second Massachusetts, this
newspaper Is inclined to dissent. It
would seem that unemployment and
dissatisfaction with governmental poll
cies at Washington-particularly with
inept leadership in tarin legislation-is
responsible for this Republican reverse"
The Roanoke Times independent Dem
ocraticl records that Granfeld, the sue
cesstul candidate, made his campaign
largely on the unemployment issue, and
demanded that the voters elect him as
rebuke to the Federal administration
failure TO acknowledge or solve the
problem Of unemployment. His 1000
majority gives administration leaders
that paper.
THE election insures a special effort
on the part Of the Democrats to elect
their candidate to the Senate In the
Fall election" the Columbus Ohio
State Journal independent Republican,
believes, while the Haverhill Gazette
independently states: THAT the bust
ness situation as q political factor can
not and will not be ignored is clearly
shown by til3 election. Our opinion is
that President Hoover has done about
everything that he could do to restore
the confidence in the national economic
structure, that was impaired by the
stock market decline of the Fall. New
erthelesS. Republicans can consider that
a serious handicap has been overcome
for them IL, when election time arrives
next Fall, business conditions are salts
factory"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

idea of having the G.. o. p. charged
with inefhciency because a number of
insurgents from the West have hooked
up with the Democrats and made 1t
difncult to get action on the tariff bill
The insurgents and the Democrats in
sist that the debate of the bill is en-
tirely legitimate. But, whatever Il Is,
the tariff bill is stu In the Senate after
many months of talk, and not likely
to get out until some time toward
the middle of March. II the country
gets up in arms over the situation the
blame Is just as likely to fall on the
administration forces, however, as upon
the insurgents and the Democrats.
After ALL the Republicans are in the
majority in both houses Of Congress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

Singers are Iorsaking the Metropoli-
tan Opera Co. to go into films that
sing as well as talk. There will be a
certain amount of bewilderment in So
ciety, but the opportunities for higher
education In music will be UNNECESSARILY
diffused among the masses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

Arctic explorers will use horses in
stead of dogs, and eventually eat the
horses. Enormous as has been the de-
velopment of canned goods industries,
they have not yet proved absolutely re-
liable for a menu near the North Pole.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

One Of the objections to 1.-The Star
Spangled Banner" is that it has a
robust melody which is no good at all
for O "crooner."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

Subjects for investigation accumulate
in a way that leaves United States
Senator little hope of participating in
the benefits of a movement for shorter
hours and more holidays.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

Paris experts now say that skirts for
walking will continue to be short. They
started with other ideas, but even
fashion submits to the dictates Of those
who do the buying.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

Every great conference accomplishes
at least one benevolent act in giving
C. Bernard Shaw an opportunity for
one personally conducted laugh.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

AS an accomplished aviator journalist
Mr.. Van Leer Black continues to dem
onstrate that he can 90 right on editing
at all kinds of speeds and attitudes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
Try and Prove It.

From the Detroit News.
An ambulance has the right Of way
because the pedestrian has the right
Ct way and there Is pedestrian in the
ambulance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
He Lost His Car.

From the Asheville Times.
The State highway patrol announces
drive against the slow driver. But
won't the force have to be considerably
increased to ind that rare bird9
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
Or Forever Hold the Pieces.

From the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
Home rule is promised for Wales. II
there is to be reform in the spelling
Of place names, 1t would better be un-
dertaken now.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19
He's the Head Man,

From the Hamilton Spectator.
More than $4,000 employees of the
City OF Chicago are working without
pay, but we haven't heard that Mayor
Bill Thompson Is one Of them
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-19

Even Mrs. Willebrandt, with all her
eIoquence, Is compelled to maintain the
customary silence when a policeman
hands her a ticket.