davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
LIQUOR Ring
TRAP BRINGS
BULLET PLAY
C~onfederates Escape
After Returning
First Fire
ESPECIAL M The Heraldl

EM%M NL &AA% MMMM
HARLINGEN. Sept. Is. Elias
Huerta. 26-year-old Harlingen man.
is in the Valley Baptist Hospital
here today. painfully wounded u
the result Of "a running gun fight
between officers and alleged rum
n I'm the heart of the Mex
lean section early Thursday morn
ing.
The shooting occurred almost in
the shadows oil the Catholic cathe-
dral at c and West Tyler streets.
Officers had reports that n gang
of rum runners had been packing
booze into the city and Thursday
morning laid a trap TO catch them.
They stationed themselves az stra-
teRic points along the trail it was
believed that the rum runners
would follow.
Two Shots Fired
At 2:30 a. m. officers skyliEhted
Huerta advancing up an alley with
a sack on his back. They called 10
him to halt and ne dropped the
sack. Officers state that he had "a
pistol IN his hand. Firing opened
and Huerta was struck under the
right eye. The officers fired only
two shots and these were answered
by other members of an alleged
rum running gang, presumably
further down the alley. No officer
was injured. Liquor was found In
the alley following the shooting
Rum runners make a practice OF
sending one man ahead in order
20 warn them Of impending danger.
IL Is said. nc Is supposed that Huerta
was the advance man for the men
who fired upon the officers. "A net
was quickly spread for the remand
er OF the men, but they escaped
Bullet Breaks Jaw
Huerta vas STOPPING over at tha
time firing broke out. The bullet
entered under his right eye, ranged
downward, broke his jaw, barely
missed his jugular vein and came
out Of his back below the base of
his neck. Attending physicians said
hat although Huerta'S injury waA
painful, that he would more than
probably GOV
Officers in the party included
Deputy Sheriff R. Ill. LUng0ria.
Senior Patrol Inspector c. u. Brown.
Border Patrolmen Wayne w. Brady
and J.. +. Snavelv. City Policemen
II. M. Chad0in and McMinn.
This shooting recalled the shoota
ing at Santa Maria some three
years ago in which Lupe Garcia
was killed. Garcia was shot. in the
shadows OF a Catholic church.
This was one Of the most dra-
matte shooting affairs IN the valley.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
ON
CITY DATA IS
OPENED HERE
Know Brownsville To
Be Educational
Slogan

One Of the most intensive cam
paigns ever launched If Browns
vile. with It's goal the ere OF a
spirit OF unity here similar to that
in California, was und,r way in the
city today. the result OF a confer
ence between chamber Of commerce
committees.
The campaign is to be conducted
as an educational campaign. with all
residents Of Brownsville taking part,
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
Yacht Races May End Today
Advantage at Start Open to Dispute When
Shamrock and Enterprise Cross Line

=. $. 5 KANE, OFF AMERICAS CUP COURSE, Sept. 1s-CBy Ra-
do TO The Associated PressD-The fourth of the series OF races for the
Americas cup was started today at lO4O r. :. +. right on schedule.
Shamrock again had the weather berth : the two sloops crossed the
line, but Enterprise. the American defender. was footing faster and
opened up a short lead.
The British challenger lost much way when she came up to the lire
too fast and had to pull Up to avoid going over too soon.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
SHORT STORY

Visitor comes to Brownsville.
Stops TO get gasoline as he en-
ters city.
Where can I 90 for amusement"
he asks.
Nowhere that I know off, at
tsndant replies.
Visitors goes to Corpus Christi
Dr. Kalamazoo
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
fSpecial I'd me Herald.l

McALLEN. Sept. 1S.- Funer-
al services for Jack Foster, local
insurance man, are 10 be held at
the Kreidler chapel here Thursday
afternoon. The Rev. z. A. Hunter
will officiate.
Arrangements we're made in ac-
cordance with instructions from his
mother. who lives in Oklahoma
Foster was found in a dying con-
dition in a Pharr hotel room
Tuesday, and died that evening.
The attending physician attributed
his death to poison.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
Missing Mrs. Berry Returns
Wife of Film Actor to Claim Reward Posted
For Information AS to Whereabouts

Los ANGELES. Sept 1s-P-Mrs- Marguerite Beery, reported miss
ing by her. husband, Noah Berry. film actor, was at the home Of friends
in Hollywood today where she said there was no mystery attached to her
absence from their North Hollywood ranch.
She said she had been In Las Vegas. Nevada. to establish q resi-
dence" Soon after her return she issued the following statement:
Il was much uprised upon my return to read I had mysterously dis
APPEARED. There IS no mystery TO my absence. ! went to Las Vegas 70
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
Ship In Distress

LISBON, Sept. iS-CPAThe Ital-
ian ship Santa Tereza ~irelessed to-
day that she had sprung a leak
north OF Cabo de Roca and required
immediate assistance. The message
said the hold was flooded.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
SEVEN MINERS KILLED

RIVER HERBERT. N. s., Sept. Is
NP-Seven men we're killed last
night in the old Victoria coal mine
when a gas pocket exploded LII a
new seam Ten other miners es-
capped. some with burns and other
injuries.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
WEATHER

For Brownsville and the Valley.
Fair tonight and Friday: Ot much
change in temperature.
For T-st Texas: Fair tonight:
warmer In west portion: Friday
fair: warmer In north aud wet p0r-
tons.
Light to moderate northerly winds
on the coast.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
HERE'S oNE TO KNOW

That close to S 10000 acres Of land
around Brownsville Is being dew
eloped new and brought under
cultivation, giving this city one
OF the richest farm territories Of
any city in the state.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18

Don't Depend on the Bumper
Rio Grande Valley Trust Co.-Adv.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
TIDE TABLE

TIDE TABLE
High and lrw tide at Point Isabel
tomorrow under normal meteorol0-
gical conditions:
hlBn go Gs m-
Low t4& W. M
-
MISCELLANEOUS D. "A
Sunset today .-......-. ..--.-- 6.5l
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
River FOR 5

River FOR Asst
There viii be q slight rise in the
river at San Benito and Browns
vile and a slight fall at Mission
and Rio Grande City during the
next "a To SO hours.
Flood Present 24-Hr. 74-ar.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18
U ON THE WIRES

IBy The ASSOClaItu
nYEW YORK - Look over the rad
10 program. set a clock like af-
~ fair for what you wish during
the next "a hours and that's all
there is to 1t except % listen. Some
Scdy has invented a device for auto
natically timing in for various pro-
grams at 15-minute intervals. IL
has had a successful demonstration.
CAIRO, Egypt - Two English
girls. the Misses Badgell and Blech-
er have motored the length Of At
zca. In a small car they came to
Cairo from C~apetown. 5000 miles. il
) II months. Lions once shifted
around their feet.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18

MINATED Annie says she Won
u ders If premature publicity will
stop the Baker hotel from COM
ine TO Port Isabel.
Seems its confidential.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18

INCIDENTALLY this short road
runs from n border 10 another
From the Mexican border 10 the
gulf.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-09-18

ONE more race between Wander
bits Enterprise and Sir Thomas
Lipton's Shamrock v. and Sir
Thomas will again 60 back without
the coveted yacht cup. If persis-
telce alone is considered. Sir Thom-
as certainly deserves to win one
race before he passes on.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
New
shop Papers
Quota Issued Negro
New lem
DiStric Quota Recruit.

become the ultimate victor Detroit has beat
en- Phila. on all fields except DIV subscribers,
but Cleveland has a fighting chance of beat
ing Detroit in new shop nuclei and shop papers,
two very important issues in the drive The
triangle competition: Boston, Minnesota, Cali
fornia, shows Minnesota leading in a good vic
tory over its two competitors. California is
leading in DIV subs with Boston close behind
Minnesota very low. Boston has a splendid
leadership in shop nuclei, where California is
tagging far behind. California is also too weak
in shop papers where the two others keep even.
All three are rotten in recruiting Negro work
ers. decisive change on this field must be
made Immediately.
Boston must improve its work especially in
recruiting new members New York in shop
nuclei and shop papers, Bartholomew men,
bers, especially Negroes; Pittsburgh needs i'm
provement on every field; Cleveland-new
members and Negroes. Chicago has mar
gin for improvement on every field; Mime
sofa the same. Kansas City has been given
too large a quota, but its slowness is not ex-
cused by that fact-neither are the bad re-
suits of our Dakota district, and of Seattle.
These are the poorest California and Con-
necticut must improve their work for shop nu-
clei and shop papers and get results in re-
cruiting of Negro workers. Same holds true
about the South.
With SO per cent of the membership quota
filled up to February the Sth, this is the first
drive when the quota assigned has been almost
filled in due time. The drive was announced
to close February 10th, and with Saturday,
Sunday and Monday left for work no doubt the
results would have gone over 80 per cent, the
more so because three districts: Seattle Cali
fornia and the South, not having sent in any
reports this week, and the final drive in far
away places cannot be reported before inside
a week or ten days to the Central Office.
Every district must now prepare for most
energetic squirt during the last week. Who
will be the victors in revolutionary COMPETE
ton? On March l expect kilograms from
every district giving the final results from the
battlefields in this membership drive, which
already now in spite of many shortcomings can
be characterized as the best recruitment drive
in the history of the Party
More connections in the shops,
More Negroes in the Party,
Every new member subscriber on the
Daily Worker.
Keep the new members by making them
active,
Mobilize the whole membership for the
unemployment campaign and make it the
best recruiting instrument of our Party!
Org. Department of the C. c.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
STARVE OR FIGHT!
A CHALLENGE to the Unemployed

dustries, is on the upgrade. Also every effort
will doubtless be made by employers to increase
employment totals, for example, by concen-
trating orders during this period in order to
give a picture of business prosperity. The
figures for the period of 1880 will only be of
value as base upon which to approximate
unemployment fluctuations during the coming
months and years.
Alongside of the workers who have no jobs,
there are always uncounted numbers who are
given only part time work ane whose earnings
are thus seriously curtailed. The Massachu-
sets Department of Labor and Industries
ported that in January, 1928 over 1000 repre-
sentative establishments were employing only
1927 per cent of their normal working force
and of these 22.S per cent were in plants
operating on short time schedules. In other
words less than two-thirds of the number Of
Massachusetts factory workers usually en-
ployed had full time jobs.
Unemployment fluctuates by periods, by sea-
sons by industries by localities. In the State Of
Illinois applicants at the free employment ex-
changes for each hundred jobs between
the years 1920-192S were as follows:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
By CHAS. SUMMERS (Moscow).

WHILE the U. S. and the whole capitalist
W world is confronted with crisis that is
assuming ever wider proportions, the working
class of the Soviet Union is forging ahead in
the building of Socialism. The success of the
first year of the Five Year Plan and the slogan
to carry out the Five-Year Plan within four
years or even less is guaranteed by the fact
that this advance is being carried out by the
working class with the strong support of all
the poor and middle peasantry.
The bourgeoise and their economists looked
upon the Five-Year Plan as "Boshevik mad
ness" and compile figures and statistics to
prove that it will fail When the capitalist
economists said at cannot be done" they were
correct, because they were thinking of anar-
'hic capitalist society with its growing contra
dctons Planned economy is only possible
after the abolition of capitalism and the estab-
lishment of the political rule of the proletariat
The tremendous increase in the socialized sec
tor of agriculture, the mushroom-lke rate of
growth of collective farms, with planned in
crease of 83 per cent for 1929-30, is even
causing the bourgeoisie to speak of the great
est agricultural revolution in human history"
A Mighty Wave
The working class of the Soviet Union has
shown its revolutionary determination in the
achievement of the economic transformation of
the country. The capitalist elements, the kulak
as well the vacillators and opportunsts,
are swept aside by the gigantic wave of mil
lions of toilers, surging forward under the
leadership of the steeled Bolshevik Party.
To see the building of socialism and the
Five-Year Plan assuming flesh and blood, one
has but to go through some of the workshops
in the Soviet Union. Let us take the "Red
Putiov" of Leningrad as an example. Within
this plant will all the forces at work,
as well the problems confronting the Soviet
Power; increased productivity, lower produc
tion costs, new cadres, higher wages, cultural
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
The Extent of Unemployment.

FIGURES for unemployment in the United
States are at best only guess work. No
national records are kept. Estimates made
from time to time are based on the most frag
mentary information and vary according to
the sympathies of the writer. The only Of
ficial information at present available is COM
piled by the United States Department OF
Labor from reports sent in by 10000 concerns
in 81 manufacturing industries. The govern
ment does not gather these figures directly.
1t takes them from the employers own COM
putations, which are easily manipulated to ex-
aggerate pay rolls and minimize the extent of
unemployment.
DR.. Hornel Hart who made one of the few
long time studies of the trend of unemploy-
ment concluded that the number of unemployed
for the period of 19O2-1917 was never less
than 100000. The average was more nearly
25O0,0O0. This was exclusive of agricultural
workers.
In 1928, the National Industrial Conference
Board estimated that the number of unem-
ployed in the manufacturing and mechanical
industries alone totalled no less than 100000
out of 1880 900 workers engaged in these in
dustres.
Taking DIR. Harris figures of 100000 as
the average number of workers unemployed
before 1917, we estimate the number out of
work in 1927 was no less than 100000. The
manufacturing industries lost 100000 work
ers, the farms 100000, btuminous coal
mines 100000, railways 100000 During the
same period 100000 workers were added
through the natural increase in population.
Estimating an absorption of some two million
workers in new and "flourishing" industries
and Service" occupations and deducting this
number, we arrive at the 100000 minimum
figure for unemployment in 1927.
Further ntensificaton of industry between
1927 and 1880 followed by the crisis of 1929-30
leads to conservative estimate of at least
100000 unemployed at the beginning of 1880.
The general average of unemployment for
the country is placed at from 10 to IL per cent.
In 1928 the American Federation of Labor
figured that ID per cent of their membership
was unemployed. In 1929 census of working
class families in New York showed II per cent
without jobs.
The national census Of unemployment sched-
uled to be made this year will give us the
actual number of unemployed in April. But
it must be remembered that April is one OF
the months when unemployment, due to season.
al activity in farming, building and other in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
n EACH 100 JOBS

In January, 1928, at the highest of the bust
ness depression of that period the number of
applicants for each 100 jobs rose to 2S9, in
January, 1929, it was 1872 while the average
for the first eleven months of 1929 was $50.
Fluctuation by trades in Illinois during the
month of December, 1927, also showed marked
variations. In agriculture there were 1874 ap-
plicants for every 100 jobs open; in the build
ing industry 344; in clerical occupations 246;
in domestic service, hotels, and restaurants
246; for metals and machinery 271; printing
trades 142; Miscellaneous trades 227; casual
workers 1873; common labor 210.
The following data compiled from U. S. De-
partment of Commerce reports shows the ac-
tual number of workers squeezed out Of certain
industries between the best and worst months
of 1925.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
Socialism and Red PutilOv

advances, the role of the Party socialist COM
petition, and even Specialization of agriculture
When the Five Year Plan was proposed the
workers of all departments of "Red Putilov'
met and discussed the program and control
figures. The workers offered many practical
suggestions in facilitating the success of the
Plan and in organizing the cooperation of
"Red Putiov'
Before the October Revolution the Putilov
works was devoted almost entirely to the pro-
duction of war munitions During the revolu-
ton and civil war only 1900 workers were en-
ployed, and proposals were even made to shut
down the plant completely. 1t was only thru
the Intervention of the Party and the trade
unions that this was prevented.
In 1928 production was again resumed with
a working force of 5000 and total produce
ton of 10 million rubes for the year. In 1925
there were 1000 workers employed and pro-
duction rose to 10 million rubles; this was
million rubles less than the goal set for that
year. We see here steady rise in production
until today, after completion of the first year
of the Five Year Plan, 13,400 workers raised
the production to 80 million rubles for the year
How are the workers in "Red Putilov" able
to accomplish such tremendous gains and con-
tinue to set themselves higher and greater
tasks? This coming year the workers of "Red
Putiov" must increase production by 10 per
cent and lower cost of production by 10 per
cent, while wages must be raised by 92 per
cent. The Five Year Plan provides for ~
per cent increase in real wages during this
year; the planned lowering of prices of prod
ucts consumed by the workers will balance the
figure
in going through the plant we attended con-
ferences and meetings held by the workers
where they organized the work so that the
Five Year Plan will be accomplished In four
years. In some departments the goal set by the
Five Year Plan will be reached this year.
(To be Continued
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11

in the case of modern mercenary armies and
police forces, which are the first to be set
against the workers, these tactics will accom-
plish nothing.
It is true that with the growing tendency
to create reliable mercenary armies serving
the bourgeoisie, our job of disntegrating cap
italisms armed forces becomes more and more
complicated. This emphasizes the necessity of
active defense against those forces. But it is
possible to exaggerate the bourgeoisie's sue
cess in it's efforts to create reliable army.
For example, the German Schutzpolize is a
typical example Of the civil war army. 1t won
its spurs in this field during the May Days
in Berlin. But, considering that large num-
Der of members Of this police force voted for
the Communists during the elections, it is
evidently possible to win some success among
them by active work.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
Statement of COmrade Gladys
Schechter

The Bureau of District Two is in receipt Of
the following statement from Comrade Gladys
Schechter, an active worker in Millinery Work
ers Union, Local 43. Comrade Schechter makes
this statement because her personal relations
with certain expelled renegades raised the
question of her attitude. The statement fol-
lows:
SIN regard to the Lovestonites am doing
my utmost, together with other leading COM
rades, to expose and eliminate them from every
leading position of our union.
"More than that. am calling shop meetings
whenever the workers are ready to discuss
the Party situation at which meetings pre-
sent the position of our Party.
Moreover, have succeeded in winning over
number of influential left-wingers Of our
union for the Party line.
"The INSCRIPTIONS and destructive methods
employed by the Lovestonites in the mass or
CARNATIONS must be fought most vigorously
and this pledge to do"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
Difference in Political Color

The following conversation was overheard by
a member of the committee of the council Of
unemployed as the committee was leaving the
City Hall in Milwaukee. Two girls, clerks,
were talking.
One of them said: "Who are these unem-
ployed people knocking the socialists?"
"Oh, they are socialists themselves"
"Then why do they knock the socialists and
Mayor Hoan?"
"Well you see they are different variety
Mayor Hoan is yellow socialist and they are
red socialists, and they're fighting over that
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-02-11
A Death Sentence for Saul.
By CAROLINE DREW.

THE case of George Saul establishes new
being sent for six months on the chain gang
without the alternative of paying fine, for
carrying concealed weapon
The judge frankly stated that he gave this
road sentence because Saul was making a
speech the afternoon he was arrested. Saul
was telling the workers the meaning Of class
justice received in bosses courts. He brought
up case after case the most outstanding of
which are Sacco-Vanzetti, Centralia, Mooney
and Billings, Gastonia. Now his own case can
be added to the list.
The maximum sentence Saul could have re-
ceved was two years. There are many Negro
workers who have to serve this maximum sem
tence whenever there are roads to build,
the famous good roads" Carpenter spoke of
as he rolled on the floor asking the jury to
give Gastonia Textile workers and organizers
the maximum sentence-death.
The two years sentence wasn't needed. The
capitalist judge well knows what months
road sentence would mean for George Saul,
"Red," and Southern organizer of the Inter-
national Labor Defense, an outstanding labor
organization of the South. He understands
thoroughly the bosses cruel, crude, lynch rid
den South. He knows of the National Textile
Workers union members who were framed up
this summer and sent on the chain gang. After
a week their fines were paid and when they
got home it was found they had ribs broken,
were black and blue all over, and were so weak
from being tortured they had to remain two
weeks in bed
An appeal has been filed in Saul's case. The
workers must send letters Of protest to the
governor. Every workers organization must
protest this frame-up. Saul carried no "con-
cealed weapons" Every worker who attended
the meeting George Saul addressed saw the
weapon. 1t was meant to warn the black hun
dreds and thugs that the meeting would be
held in spite of all their terror and that the
workers believed in self defense.