davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
WORSH|PPERs ARE
 SEIZED BY FRENZY
 MOB BEN LINDSAY
CHURCH ME MBERS CRAVED BLOOD ON SUNDAY; BEAT
 UP SPECTATOR

NEW YORK, Dec, 8, tP)-For- nler Judge Ben Lindsay turned golden rule Sunday into pam elemonium at Bishop William T. Manning's fashionable cathedral If St. John Divine
 The Denver advocate of com panionate marriage was forcibly elected after jumping on a table and crying
 This is not a house of lusticei Not a house of God!"
 After listening Bishop Man ring scored Lindsay as the auth 1r "of the most filthy, insidious pieces of propaganda ever pulp -ished in behalf of lewdness, promiscuity and unrestrained sexual qualification"
 Then the Bishop turned back fo his congregation of 5000 and howed his head in prayer
 Lindsay. still in the audience, gain jumped up Oh the table aamanding five minutes to an- swer. He was beaten bv the trowd crying lynch him. punch
 in He was charged with dis orderly conduct
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
NOMINATION ALASKA
 OFFICERS CONSIDERED

WASHINGTON Dec, g, lP The Senate judiciary committee reported the nomination of Lynn Smith as U. s Marshal of the Faurth division Aiast-a subject ro the approval of MS Alaska deIagate
 Thay also referred to the subcommittee for investigation the nominations of J Itonen for district judge, and Chas. D Jones for marshal of the Second division
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
MILLIONAIRE IF NEW YORK BLOWN
 INTO ETERNITY
REPRISAL FOR GARNISHEE ON WAGES WHOME LOANED
 MONEY, THOT CAUSE

CHICAGO, Dec., 8, P,- me explosion of powerful bomb contained in an innocent looking package and opened by a boy to satisfy Yuletide curiosity caused the death of Tony May. profess ional bondsman and money len- der known as the Millionaire neWsboy."
 May was 6s. His Son Eugene. was injured when he opened the package.
 Windows | Ehout the en- tire 4O-apartr building were shattered by t .st. Police are working on th 4s May was the victim of eH-ortIonists or that the bomb was sent as reprisal for garnishee on the wages of some man to whom he had loaned money
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
DIMOND STAYS OVER

In order to confer with Anchor ties in regard to the proposed mea- sures deemed advisable at the next session of the Territorial Legisla- -ure, it is understood that Attor- ney Anthony Dimond of Valdez, and holdover senator will remain at the Cook Inlet metropolis until Mondays train.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
+ THAT'S THE CASE
 WHAT ID DO NOW?

PARIS, Dec, g, (P-Destruc- tion of buying power in China and India and reckless dumping of goods by the Soviet are the principal causes of the present worldwide economic distress, according to silas strawn, of Chicago, in an address before the Chamber of Commerce
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
rGX.M0.GIRLIs .
 ADGTIC BEAUTY QUEEN

WINNIPEG, Dec, g, -Enoo- siak, Al year-old Eskimo girl, reigns as queen of beauty in the Arctic.
 Andrew Brown, in charge of the trading post at Baker Lake, 1000 miles north of here, pick ed her from two dozen dark beaut- ies entered in the first Arctic beauty contest.
 Enoosiak received the first mirror she ever owned as the prize
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
NEMSPAPERMAN BUM . SHOT WITH P0P-GUN

MADRID, Dec., g, lR Joaquin Lilo, reporter for Fl sol. opposi- tion paper, was arrested follow ing a futile attempt o assassi- nage Premier Befe- sr during an Interview 1at. the Pra- naiHE .nd a a3zHn correap1n- daI1ts
 wild and then was powered by the bodyguard of the Premier.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
ABANDONS EFFORT

PARIS, Dec, 8, (P-Senator Louis Barthou abandoned his ef- fort to form a cabinet succeed ing the government of Andre Tardieu. Failure, apparently, was due to the Radicals opposition and inclusion of Louis Marin, leader of the extreme right.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09

Marshal Lynn Smith is quoted in the Portland, Oregon, recently in which he gives out a strong boost for the International High way, saying what great thing it will be for Fairbanks and the Territory.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
DEATH SENTENCE. Is - v. COMMUTED 10 YEARS
 FOR SOVIET PLOTTING

LONDON, Dec. 8,(H'1-A Reu- ter's dispatch from Moscow Said the Soviet central executive conn mittee commuted the death sem tences passed on the five engin- eers condemned for plotting to overthrow the Soviet government, to 1O years
 The dispatch aI4O sRia that the committee reduced to eight years the l0 Eear sentences #of tha other htree.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
WHITNEY WINS

JEFFERSON PARK, M O., Dec. a, P-The colors of Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney were carried to victory at Jefferson Park race track when Blot scored in the fourth race, claiming the affair, and "Skirl'' also won. Whitney had not captured a race here previously
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
FATHER JEROME DIES

SANTA CLARA. Calif.. Dec, 9, (H7)- Father Jerome s. Ricard, 81. Padre of the Rains died at the University of Santa Clara infir- mary He predicted weather monthly by sun spots.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
APPROVE NOMINATIONS

WAs rTNc5TON. Dec, B, tP- The matte finance conlnltTee anprovaa the nominations of the Tari4 commissioners nominated by President Hoover
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
HOCKEY GAMES

VANCOUVER, B. C., Dec, 9, (R) -Vancouver went to a tie with Portland in the Pacific Hockey League by defeating Seattle 2-l.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
REV. w. K. BARTON DIES

NEW YORK, Dec, 8, (P0-Rev. William E. Barton, 69, noted clergyman and author, died af- ter a long illness. He was the father of Bruce Barton, author.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
EMERGENCY BILL
 PROVIDES S45,000
 SEWARD HARBOR

WASHINGTON, Dec, g, (F) The unemployment and emergency construction bill provides in the S11O,OOO, ,O00 as reported to the House, S272,OOO for the Ketchikan Creek improvement; ST. 900 for Port Alexander, and S45,OOO for harbor of re- fuge at Seward, Alaska.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09
The Anchorage Fur Sale. Dec. II

to 13 is assuming shape, the rel sponse from the shippers and pro- spective buyers showing more en- couragemeHt than had been ex- pected so early, says tn Anchor age Times.
Seward daily gateway., 1930-12-09

Many of the Alaska fishing
 fleet are named after presidents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21


creature which blunders into this
treacherous area, for the breath of life will be
cut short for him, unless by some happy chance
he manages to get out Immediately
This death belt is an area approximately 100
miles wide and extending probably a distance
of hundreds of miles east and west in mid
ocean at about to 16 degrees north latitude
between the Central American countries and
the South Pacific Islands. 1t lies from 400 to
800 feet below the surface and extends down.
ward more than 900 feet.
The water in this area contains practically
no oxygen in solution, or at least only about
one-fiftieth of the amount ordinarily fosmd in
solution at equal depths elsewhere-a quantity
probably too small to support any form of life
with which biologists are now acquainted.
Cold still and dark is this death-dealing
trap. Perhaps for thousands of years the water
Of which it is composed has not seen felt
the light Of the sun. For hundreds of years it
has not been near the surface where it could
absorb a supply of nfe-giving oxygen.
Some popularity of the movements of the
Pacific has kept it where it is Perhaps it
marks the line at which the cold, heavy waters
from the Antarctic have met and stalemated
the waters of the Arctic, but no one can be
sure Of this explanation. 1t is just theory
that scientists have advanced, hoping to check
its accuracy by future study.
But it is reasonable to believe that such a
belt must serve as natural barrier to the
free movement of the deep-sea fish from the
North to the South Pacific Ocean. Undoubt-
eddy, when the migration Of these ocean deni-
zenS occurs they must skip blithely over the
surface of the oxygenless water wall. Or if
they blunder into it, shortness of breath which
they experience must warn them instinctively
to seek another stratum of water.
Whether or not there are forms of life exist
ing in that forbidding medium, no one knows.
No scientist would be prepared to say whether
or not some hitherto unknown microscopic
forms Of life might not exist even under such
unusual conditions, until he had taken nu-
merous samples of water of the barrier.
Sc was only when began to study the
chemical results and other scientific data
collected by the Inflated nonmagnetic ship Car
negie that the existence of this remarkable belt
of water was discovered" said o. w. Torreson
the navigator of the Carnegie who is now in
Washington at the Carnegie Institution
1T was only when the completed records
were placed side by side that the new features
OF the jgsaw puzzle revealed themselves.
study of this information has led to two re-
markabe discoveries which to the oceanog-
rapher are important as the discovery of a
new planet would be to astronomer
THE first of these is, of course the dis
covery OF the death belt. The other one Of
our outstanding discoveries, is the fact that the
assumptions which have up to the present been
made about the circulation of the waters of the
Pacific Ocean wrong. The circulation of
these waters has been thought to be similar to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21

81 water The dissolved oxygen ordinarily found
In sea water ranges from one to five cent?
meters per liter at different depths. In the
particular region referred to In the Pacific the
dissolved oxygen content was found to be less
than one-tenth Of cubic centimeter per liter
"a very small amount as compared with that
found at similar depths In other regions
In other particulars, however this strip of
water was not found to be abnormal. In tenn
perature, pressure, salinity and other factors It
olnered little from other belts of water at the
same depths"
But how does this oxygen become dissolved
In the sea water?" Mr.. Torreson was asked
There are three ways in which the amount
OF oxygen In the sea is controlled" he answered.
Oxygen Is absorbed from the atmosphere
Water Is areated by the dashing of the waves
as well as by ordinary contact with the air at
the surface of the ocean. Some oxygen is pro-
duced during the assimilation processes of
plant organisms, during which carbonic acid Is
taken In and oxygen given off. And some CCKy-
gen Is transferred from one layer OF water TO
another.
CONVERSELY. oxygen is taken from the water
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21
Research Carried On by W-Fated Non
Magnetic Ship Carnegie Re0eab Oxy-
genless Stratum Of Water in the PacitIc
Where No Knogm Form of Life Exists.
II VeutabAe Death Belt for Ill Deni-
zens Of the Sea.

the circulation of the waters of the Atlantic,
but it now has been found to be quite different.
This knowledge will undoubtedly be i'm
portant to those who study the climates of
the United States and other countries bordering
upon the Pacific and who are helping us to
adjust our daily activities in the most profitable
and healthful ways to climatic conditions"
In fact so important are the discoveries con-
sidered that the man who is today one of the
worlds foremost oceanographers, Dr. Harold
U. Sverdrup, of the Geophysical Institute of
Bergen, Norway, the chief scientist of Amund-
North Polar Basin, has been in America to
make special study of the information which
has been collected.
SDERHAPS it might be well to explain what
is meant by strip of water practically
devoid OF oxygen" Mr. TorreSon continued
This refers, of course, to oxygen dissolved in
the water and not the oxygen entering into
the chemical composition of water as expressed
by the formula HgO. All water with which we
are ordinarily familiar contains considerable
quantities of oxygen or air in solution a fact
easily demonstrated by setting a glass of cold
water in warm room. The beads or bubbles
OF air which soon collect on the inner surface
OF the glass are made up of the air which has
been released because the water cannot retain
Is much air at the higher temperature
Sea water normally contains dissolved oxy-
gen. nitrogen and carbonic acid. The carbonic
acid, as free gas, is present only in quite
small quantities. In studies of the chemistry
q sea water the quantities of dissolved gases
are stated in cubic centimeters Of gas per liter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21

by three processes Ocean creatures in the
lower water levels breathe in the dissolved oxy-
gen and give of carbonic acid gas just as
land animals do. The decomposition of organic
matter consumes oxygen and, of course some
oxygen is absorbed from one layer Of water by
another"
Has anything similar to this oxygenless belt
ever been discovered before?" he was asked
Certain small oxygenless areas have been
found to exist at various places, notably in
Monterey Bay of the coast of California and
another of the coast of Japan, but for the
most part such small areas have been thought
TO be due to local conditions. The Pacific death
belt Is the first large area ever discovered.
But to go back to the discovery of this re-
markable area The Carnegie left Washington
in May, 1928. made observations for several
months in various parts of the Atlantic and
then passed through the Panama Canal to the
Pacific, where most of its work was DONE The
main objects of the expedition we're to take
Soundings OF the ocean bottom of the main
steamer tracks. to procure samples Of water at
various depths in order to study its salinitys
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21

temperature and the forms of life existing at
various depths and to make magnetic observa-
tons.
THE ship hove to at 1862 Stations to 90
through the routine of its ocean water studies
The records were carefully compiled and filed
away for study when the voyage was over. On
November %, 1929, the Carnegie was destroyed
by an explosion at Apia, Western Samoa, and
Capt. Ault and one member of the crew were
killed. The records were saved, however
When samples of water taken at various
stations on opposite sides of the Pacific we're
observed to be very low in oxygen content, no
particular attention was paid to the matter.
Consequently, no special work was done toward
collecting samples of any microscopic forms of
life which might exist there. It is hoped that
this can be done at some future time
There have been intimations in the past that
such a belt of oxygenless water might exist in
the Pacific. The famous Challenger expedition
OF 1872-76 secured a few such samples of water,
but the unbelievable conditions were explained
by the scientists by saying that something
evidently had gone wrong with the water bot
ties" used in collecting the samples. It is only
within very recent years that the apparatus for
collecting samples of water at such depths has
been perfected to such extent as to enable
reliable information to be obtained
While Mr.. Torreson explained the conditions
Dr. Sverdrup came into the room and entered
the discussion
Gould life possibly exist in the oxygenless
belt?' he was asked.
S"'T~HAT question has aroused some very IN
teresting speculations on the part of SCI
entistS' he said with a smile 1--WE doubt that
the percentage of oxygen existing in that belt
would support any form of life about which
We now know It may be possible that future
study OF the area will reveal that the ocean
creatures are more adaptable than we think
II so, biologists may have to revise their ideas
as to the quantity Of oxygen necessary to sup
port some forms of life.
In discussing the matter with DR. Austin
Clark OF the Smithsonian Institution he used
q very interesting expression. He said There
are no ethics to. life In the ocean And he
called our attention to the fact that there are
certain forms OF life on the ocean bottom which
have the power to separate oxygen by chem
1cal process from the water itself in order to
get necessary supply to maintain life, and
that there are other forms which prey on the
former to get the oxygen which they have sepa-
rated. Such possibilities are interesting. but at
the present time we have no concrete evidence
that life does not exist in the oxygenless area"
"RUT what made the peculiar belt of water
in the Pacific How did it come into ex-
istence?" DIR. Sverdrup asked
Again he explained that he would have to
fall back on mere theories to account for its
existence since so little is known about it.
But we do know" he continued that the
assumptions which have been held up to the
present time, that the circulation of the water
-, CQltinued Ca Thsrteepth. Page,
=
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-21
2ens Of the Sea.
BY NELL RAY CLARKE.

"HERE is a death-dealing belt to all
animal life cavorting in the Pacific
just north of the Equator, and woe
beti6e the hapless fish or other ocean
Putnam patriot., 1930-03-13
Benefit Show At
 Bradley Theatre
Large Cast 10 Present Musical Come dv Pickles" Friday Night For
 PHI. s. Athletic Association

sPickles". a musical comedy will be presented Friday evening at the Bradley theatre with an amateur east under the direction of Kenneth C. Sharpe and Andrew K. fulkerson. The proceeds will be devoted Co the Putnam High School Athletic Associa- tion Co meet the heavy expenses of the season's activities. The commit tees in charge are as follows: Stage managers. Philip Maynard and Joseph Igo; program manager, Edgar La- bonte and Ulysses Labossiere; puhli- city managers, Arthur Bove and Will liam Moss business manager, Ellis Haines. Tickets are being sold by pupils of the school In the cast are the following characters:
 Hans Marer. Leonide retreault ; Louisa, Mabel Thompson; Captain Kinski. Michael White; Rumski, Earl Johnson: Bumski. Thomas Foley, J. Jerome Jones. Ellis Pritchard; Jigo, Arthur Wall; Arthur Cavefont, Leo Pominville; June Pennington. Alexine Boutwell,; Jonas H. Pennington, Rus sell Sherman; Lady Vivian Delaney, Eleanor Angus, Hona, Anita Brodeur.
 Tn the chorus Marjorie Benoit, winnifred Lepire. Eleanor Richard son. Natalie Dean. Doris Dean, Doro- thy Dow. Graeia Negiard. Rose Bove, Loretta Gildard, Edna Kent. Marie Stoumbelis. Mattresses: Joseph Don ovan. Harry Wheaton. Danseuse, Miss Ednaer Guy.
Putnam patriot., 1930-03-13
Elks' Victory Due
 To Crib Players
Contestants Break Even in Bridge Two Point Lead Brings Elks
 Total to ioS, Masons 93

The Elks and the Masons battled to a six to six tie in the bridge con test. Monday night. Elks' cribbage players however, won the evening victory for the Main street outfit talk ing both games. This put the Eiks in the lead bv two points, eight to six and brought the grand total up to Elks. IO5. Masons, %. The evenings play was as follows, names of Masons appearing first.
 Bridge-H Holden and Miron lost to Chadwick and Sherman; DeCoudres and Marcy lost to Berth and Cavan- augh; Dow and Freeman won from Gafne and Milot; Miner and Mer- riam won from Cotter and Murray; Geissler and Lewis won from Benoit and P. Auger; Dean and Wheaton won from Dupre and LaRose; Sher- man and Stanton lost to Champlin and W. Averill; Chase and Johnson lost Co Gregoire and Mansfield; Duffy and Lucas won from Bourgeois and Wheatley. Duvert and P. Gagne lost to Girard and Wheelock; Sehoonover and Shaw lost Co Brousseau and Mill Ter. Mellor and Myers won from Char ron and Gallant
 Cribbage-Lepire and Warren lost to Raferty and T. Wheaton; Loomis and Twigg lost to Berthiaume and Tetreault.
Putnam patriot., 1930-03-13
Housss in Patriotic Hues

With all the house painting now go ng on so busily in city and country The elders who as boys or girls lived on a farm will smile as they con. trast the quiet eolors used today with the vivid ones common to their youth Blue and red were fnvorite colors -hen. They were the cheapest paints the farmers could buy and mix. ex cepi for ( standard white
 Barn doors were Invariably one Of these two colors A blue pump elashed with the green grass in th. door yard. A blue wooden weather vane rooster swung lazily on red roofed barn. Houses were mostly white. bui for many years blue and red trimmings were much in favor In many sections the countryside pre- sented decidedly patriotic appear ance.
Putnam patriot., 1930-03-13
Soothe Doomed Shark
 by Tickling Its Hide

Few Of us would like to tackle tue tiger Of the seas in his native haunts hut the brown men of Altuiaki in the Southern seas have no such scTuples There. in The cnlm emerald waters of the iagoon. fringed about with way Ing palms are great hollow. in the coral rocks: here duilug the hottest hours of the day. the sharks love to hask ln the welcome shade
 Ten feet of shark lies snug wlihiu the shadow. only slowly waving tail proclaimlne his presence Then out from The beach creeps canoe with rope Of sinnet ready eoiled silently the Kanakas paddle to the spot. where deep down in the clear water that slaty gray tail moves slowly
 Poised for a mOiaent while he gn aales deep breath. the brown man waits. the loop of the rope over his arm Then, ia beautiful curve. he lives Now he is beside the shark and his hand softly ruhs the rasplne hide The shark likes l.
 Suddenly the moose is fixed over The fukes of The tall and brown form K seen serambling quickly over the gunwale of the canoe.
 Then comes rapid padding of the frall craft the line Is hauled ID and the shark Is effectively dispatched with a blow of a club.
Putnam patriot., 1930-03-13
S FORTS g
TWO GOOD GAMES
 CLOSE P. H. 5. SEASON
First and Second Teams Defeat killingly By Very Small
 Margins
Fitting Ending 10 Most Successful
 Season

In the final game of the Putnam high school quintet, at the end of a very successful season, played in the local gym last Friday night, Putnam defeated their ancient rivals of the killingly high school of Danielson. The game was one of the fastest of the year and the outcome was in doubt until the final whistle, when Putnam was carrying a three-point lead in a 25 to 23 score.
 Captain Leo was the outstanding player. leading his teammates by scoring "a points. Dascoli was high scorer fer Killingly with s points.
 The attendance was large and both Danielson and Putnam were well re- presented. The rooters, loyal to their own teams, were on their toes throughout. Killingly fans registered great excitement and hoped to the very end to take the game home with them.
 An unusual feature of the game was that no substitutions were made by either side throughout the game. This evidenced clean playing by the members of both teams.
 The defense work of both sides was The only fruitful shots were made from mid-hoor. The de- feat of killingly was more than grati- flying to Putnam as the local outfit was beaten by Killingly earlier in the season 3l to 10.
 The preliminary game was also en- tertaining. Putnam's second team met and defeated Killingly's second string. This victory paved the way for the more important victory that followed. Jones starred for Putnam. The final score was Putnam lS. Kill ingly IT.
 Tho iinauD.