davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20

also bound by tradition to Easter. Onlv nj
Eastertlme does the devil lose his power over
this herb. The root Of the mandrake resembles
the human form and it is said to drip blood
and Shrek terribly when dug from the ground.
1t was thought to be poisonous-even mar.
cotic. Many and strange are the suggestions
related to it. It Is said that it first grew be.
meath the crosses Of the two thieves who were
crucified with Christ. But in Genesis we find
that Leah used it as sort of love charm to
attract Jacob.
In Iceland there is quaint Easter super-
stition about this weird root. If one wishes
TO become suddenly rich-and who does not
he must possess mandrake root and steal a
coin from poor widow at early mass on
Easter Sunday. When the stolen coin is placed
beside the mandrake it will, mysteriously and
Immediately, draw all coins of like denomina.
tons to itself from every individuals purse in
the church. But the root can only exercise
this magic when it is dug from the ground on
Good Friday before sunrise by man with q
sharp sword and an undesirable black dog SUI
perstitions say that the terrible shrieks of the
uprooted herb will Immediately kill the black
dog and therefore save the man and bring him
luck and fortune. Joan of Arc is supposed to
have carried at all times female mandrake
possessing great magical powers
HE poets have always loved the dainty little
Spring violet. The large early vioIets
marshy places are true violet color although
they are sometimes said to be blue or purple.
Shakespeare says. THE violets blue do paint
the meadows with delight The Ionia Athe-
mans were proud of the violet and they used it
lavishly in their architecture and art 1t was
as prominent in old Athens as the rose of
England and the lily of France are in those
countries today. Violets were for sale at all
seasons in the public market places of Athens.
The Greeks called this little blue flower Ion.
for the goddess 10. When the unhappy 10
was changed to a heifer Jupiter was saddened
at the thought Of her eating common grass
so he caused violets to spring up in place of
grass wherever the lovely white heifer bent her
head to Craze. The violet was the favorite
flower Of Mahomet and the ancient Arabians
admired 1t greatly. Napoleon loved this mod
est purple flower above all others and it became
the emblem of the Bonapartists, who, remem-
bering Shakespeare's proverb, 1.-THE violet is
for faithfulness" still wear it as a token of
a lost cause. No legitimist in France will ever
wear violets. This flower Is symbolical Of tina
month Of March.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20

divided into two general classes. The bell
shaped blossoms were called lilies and all the
others were roses. This Is said to account for
some flowers being called roses which do not
belong to our present rose family. The rose
OF Jerico is one of these. It Is not rose at
all, but sort Of vegetable. This plant is
sometimes used as a symbol of the resurrection
because it is usually found in a shriveled dried
up condition, but it is Immediately revived or
resurrected by little moisture. However, the
rose OF Jerico Is more commonly called the
rose Of Mary because tradition says that it
grew to mark every resting place of the Holy
Family during the journey to Egypt.
A MOTHER flower of the Easter season, the
primrose, is likewise not a rose. Its old
generic name in primula-or frst-and since
it was not bell-shaped it was called a rose
This flower blooms so early that it has become
the symbolical flower of the month of January:
"Primroses, the Spring may love them,
Summer knows but little of them"
The briar-roSe, according to ancient Chris
tan tradition, grew from the drops of blood
that fell to the earth from the Savours brow
when it was pierced by the crown of thorns
on the cross But there is another legend
which says that Christ's crown of thorns was
made of the white brar-rose itself and the
red rose sprang from these blood-stained roses:
Men pierced his brow with thorns but
Angels stanched his blood with roses
To this day the faithful in some parts Of
Russia will never suffer a red rose to lie on
the ground. The red rose is usually considered
an emblem of the crucifixion, but the white rose
belongs to Mary. She dried her mourning
veil on rose bush and the bush bore white
roses ever after.
Cupid gave Hipprocrates the god of silence.
a rose, and that flower has since become the
symbol OF silence. When the Greeks wished
the conversations at their feast tables to be
kept secret hly-gathered rose was hung
from the ceiling just above the head of the
table. 1t was considered dishonorable and
even criminal to reveal anything said Sub
rosa" (under the rose). But the mythical
blue rose Is symbolic of heavenly bliss and
unattainable earthly ideals The passion flower
got its name from the fancied resemblance of
certain parts of the flower to the instruments
OF the crucifxion It is also symbol of faith
The evil mandrake which Is found in South
ern Europe, North Africa and Asa Minor Is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20
Printing Alexander, Library Of Congress
Easter Brings Many Visitors to Library O. f
Congress to See Famous Mural Decorations
of John WMte Alexander, W/ho Is One
of America s Four Greatest Painters.

If one does no more than read a paragraph
two in that extraordinary book, Hodges
Handbook of the American INDIAN he gains
enough information to add materially to his
appreciation of the Alexander mural "Picto-
graphs" says the authority just mentioned,
have been made upon a great variety of
objects, a favorite being the human body.
Among other natural substances, recourse by
the photographer has been had to stone, bone,
skins, feathers and quilts, gourds, shells, earth
and sand copper and wood, while textile and
fictile fabrics figure prominently on the list"
Later the writer adds that dyes of various
shades of brown, red and yellow which were
extracted from plants we're available for paint
ing. In the library mural the Indian pictog-
rapher is painting on deer skin. Nearby is a
saucer containing red coloring matter.
A HAND at work creating beauty-a hand
that opens vistas for mind and spirits
found in the next painting. The setting is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20
C,07qMS VieU 'EU0Iuti0n of the Book" Paintings

the scriptorium of convent of the Middle Ages.
George Haven Putnam, writing in Books and
Their Makers During the Middle Ages" quotes
the words employed at the conservation of a
scriptorium as evidence of the spirit in which
the devout scholars approached their work.
"Benedicere digneris. Domino, hoe scriptorium
famulorum tuorum, ut quidquid scriptum fuerit,
sensu capiant, opere perfciant." (''Vouchsafe,
o Lord. to bless this work room of Thy servants,
that all which they write therein may be COM
pretended by their intelligence and realized in
their work.")
In the painting light is admitted through a
small window in the upper left wall In the
left foreground sits a monk CARRIED in white.
Before him is a drawing board or bookStand,
over which he earnestly bends Seated before
the wall in the background is a second monk,
beside whom stands third They are work
ing at table, possibly in roles of illumination
and corrector Frederick w. Hamilton in DIS
cissing the Making of Manuscripts" reminds
us that 1.-The makers of manuscripts, particu-
larly during the Middle Ages, took enormous
pride in their work and were as anxious to
produce sumptuous books as the most ambitious
publisher of today and were often far more
successful. The scribe who was to make fine
manuscript chose his vellum with great care.
He laid out his work with compass and ruler
with the utmost precision. He was careful that
his ink and his pigments should be of the most
brilliant color and the finest quality. He looked
well to the care of his pen and inscribed each
letter with the patient of the most skillful
engrosser of today One is tempted to lingef
before this mural, absorbed in calling to mind
all that he has known concerning the art of
making illuminated manuscripts. And assuredy
there is much to knowi
Tradition says that knowledge of paper and of
papermaking came into Europe by way of Spain
after the conquest of Samarkand by the Arabs
in ISL. This knowledge, the invention of inks
suitable for in printing and the adaptation
of a simple press to the needs of the books
maker fastened the end of the day of the
manuscript. History does not definitely record
who invented the inks first used by Europeans
in printing. One story is to the effect that the
painter Hubert van Eyck was the inventor.
Similarly there is doubt as to the actual in
ventor of movable type So far as the artist
John Alexander was concerned the controversy
was settled. In the last lunette of his series,
THE Evolution of the Book" light floods from
the ceiling large man who stands looking
at a page eagerly grasped in both hands. Close
by is an elderly assistant who bends low, the
better to see the miracle. To the right is q
printing press, a young apprentice swinging
upon it. The figure which dominates the group
is Gutenberg. He it is who stands gazing at
the first page pulled from his press. The
printed word has become reality.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20

1880
Primitive man could not fathonn
the Spring miracle, but he could appreciate it,
and celebrate this joyous FESTIVAL of breaking
bud and scented breath"
Every nation had its own name and legend
for Sprng-the resurrection of life. Each year,
when Nature lived and blossomed anew, the
tender beauty of the flowers stirred the human
mind to wonder and deep speculation. Litera-
ture is rich in beautiful legends Of the flowers,
which tradition says first doomed in Heaven.
When the evil angels were driven from
Heaven they Snatched their arms full Of flow
and carried them away. But God would
not permit His celestial blossoms to be taken
to Hades so He caused the wicked angels to
become tired, and, one by one, they dropped
the flowers over the earth before they reached
their destination. Another old legend which
accounts for the beginning of the flowers states
that Venus Sprinkled nectar into the blood Of
the wounded Adonis and flowers sprang up.
The word flower itself comes from Flora, the
ancient goddess Of flowers
Although the flowers were originally connect
ca with pagan customs and beliefs, most Of
them are now closely woven, by Christian ira
ditions to the event of the resurrection of
Christ.
or all the flowers that open in the Spring
none beautifully typifies the religious
sentiment the lily. The Easter lily has be-
come the symbolic flower of the resurrection Of
Christ. Once it was known the Persian
Beauty, but tradition tells us that the flower
turned from yellow to white as the Virgin
plucked it and held it in her hand. 1t is also
known as the Fleur de Marie, the flower Of
Mary. Dante spoke of the Easter lily as the
lily of the Arno. Tasso called 1t the golden
lily and Solomon sang of the "lilies of the
field" st. Josephs staff budded and lilies
bloomed forth
In all ages and lands the white lily has been
closely associated with the two greatest mys-
terleS of human life-birth and death limo the
Queen of the Roman gods chose the lily as her
symbol, and the classics tell us of feasts given
among the lilies. Joan of Arc was crowned
with white lilies to typify the purity and sa-
credness of her mission.
The first lily used as symbol of the re-
surrection was the Madonna, or Annunciation
lily. The early masters have used this lovely
" in their pictures of saints, angels and the
Madonna. In the Madonna pictures there are
frequently three lilies on stem to represent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20


visitors to Washington eagerly ex-
II amning the mural decorations in the
Library of Congress. One of the two
most popular series of paintings is
1.-THE Evolution of the Book" by John White
Alexander.
To use the phrase of John Erskine the art
list has here "set to painting great drama.
The casual visitor finds sufficient to give him
pause when he examines the Alexander murals
The book lover, the one who holds in reverence
the Printed Word, feels sense of awe as he
studies the develop Gent of the theme as por-
trayed by the hand of the painter.
John White Alexander is ranked by many
critics one of the four of Americas
greatest artists. In fact, some years ago he
was one of the group popularity called the
big four" the others being Whistler, Sargent
and Abbey Each man is represented in WASH
ington, in the Library of Congress, Freer Gal
lery of Art and Corcoran Gallery of Art, respec-
lively.
The Alexander murals are in of the three
largest libraries in the world 1t is said of
them that few murals in this country ap-
preciated by many people
THE series comprises six lunettes On the
south wall is first, 1.-The Cairn." In itself,
the word "carn" is interesting. 1t is a Celtic
term meaning an artificial heap of stones. In
AleXanQerS mural group OF SKln-clad men
is assembling the conventional conical pile of
stones probably to record some historical event;
possibly to indicate simply that they have
passed along this crock bound coast"
In the second tympanum a professional Arab
story teller holds enthralled group of seated
listeners. The pose of the Arab, in his flowing
white robe, is especially striking. He stands
with one hand grasping long pilgrim staff.
His right hand and arm outstretched
slender foref1nger pointing to a distant wall.
Here is one allied in spirit to the troubadours
and to the trouveres; to the MINISTRIES of a
later day; allied also in spirit to the profess
sional story teller who even today continues to
spin fantastic tales in the market place, in
bazaars of far-distant lands; allied in spirit to
those who send out the spoken word by radio.
Adjoining this panel, the title of which is
"Oral Tradition" is one which has for theme,
Egyptian Hieroglyphics." young artisan is
executing sacred carvings on the wall of tenn
pie. T. George Allen of the University of
Chicago, in writing of hieroglyphics, comments
upon the fact that "hieroglyphics proper, espe-
cially as used on tomb or temple wall, were in
tended as much to decorate as to inform"
Over the entrance to the temple in Aexander's
mural, scaffolding is swung. Here sit the
young workman and a girl companion, In the
distance flows a shallow Nile. Beyond is one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20

ASTER is the Oldest festival known
to mankind. 1t was instituted by
Nature, herself, and was originally
celebrated in honor of the Spring.
Primitive man could not fathoin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20
BY ALICE HUTCHINS DRAKE.

HE Easter season finds thousands of
visitors to Washington eagerly ex-
amining the mural decorations in the
Library of Congress. One of the two
The Washington times., 1930-08-15
RONlPINC OUlDTHEI
RADIo gzElD DlA,s
BY BIN WADR

soprano. will sing, are by Chris
tina Rossetti, set to music by the
English composer, Cyril Scott, In
his colorful and individual mod
ernistic style. An orchestra d.
rected by Rosario Bourbon; the
Cavaliers, o male quartet; and
q women's trio.
sP. M.
WRC--Thoughts of the CliQuot
EskimoS soar skyward with How'd
ia Like to Go to Heaven With
q SmileP" and Sitting on q
Rainbow" when they broadcast
over WRC. Harry Reser will di-
rect the orchestra in the follow
ing: There's Plenty Of Sunshine
for YOU" 'If my Friends Find
YOU" BE Careful With Those
Eyes," and 'Regimental Review"
0P. M.
WRC-Popular and Semi-clasSi-
cal selections well known to mu-
sic lovers feature the Raleigh Re
vue. Sir Raleigh, in the person
of Alfred Shirley, will introduce
Olive Kline, soprano soloist; Phil
Gilman and Victor Arden, piano
duo; and the Rovers, q male quar-
tet, in the performance. William
Merrigan DAILY win direct the or
chestra.
WMAL-The Columbia Male
Chorus, accompanied by an Or
chestra under the direction Of
Claude Macarthur, will present
a group Of ballads and folk songs.
$3.50 p. Nj.
WMAL-TuneS familiar to Dad
and Grandad make up the cargo
manifest for the Gold Medal
Fast Freight.
Variations on Turkey in the
Straw" "Home Sweet Home"
ida" and "The Old Min" are
the offerings of the Gold Medal
organist. passenger on the tune
laden flyer.
The Wheaties quartet. which
doubles as the crew of the radio
special, sings PUT On Your Old
Gray Bonnet" Steamboat Bill. "
I'm the Good Old Summertime" "
'The Banks of the wabash" and
q yodeling speciality.
The Washington times., 1930-08-15

The National Labor Service
from the washington Cathedral
In washington, at which Presi.
dent william Green of the Ameri
can Federation Of Labor will be
the principal speaker, win be
broadcast over the Columbia net
work on Labor Sunday, August 81.
4 to S D. m. EST Is to 8 p. m.
canon q. Freeland Peter viii be
In charge Of the service. 1t WIZ
he held in the open air chapel on
the cathedral grounds. The Cathe-
Sirai Choir Of men and boys under
the direction Of Edgar Priest WIZ
sing.
BEGINNING August 26 the regu-
lar weekly Paramount-Publix hour
win be broadcast over the Column
hia network on Tuesday nights
from 1915 to IL p. m, =. d. ..
r. instead Of Saturday nights.
the remaining programs on the
Saturday night schedule, closing
August %, will continue 70 DC
heard from 10 to IL p. m.
The new presentations Will ot1er
striking features in air entertain
ment. details Of which are to De
announced shortly.
Until the change is effective
the present popular programs OF
dance melodies, designed Tor the
summer listeners, will be pre-
sented by the Paramount-P Publix
Orchestra, assisted by Jesse Craw-
ford, organist, and other well
known entertainers.
The unusual scarcity OF diplo-
mats in washington, brought about
mainly by the heat wave, by
summer vacations and also by
the absence Of many in their
home countries, has caused .
further postponement of the Con-
clave of Nations series by the
Columbia Broadcasting System
until Sunday, September z.
Until that date musical selec-
tions chosen by the ambassadors
and ministers who spoke in the
series since its beginning, early In
1880. will be played by Columbia
artists from the New York stu
dos under the direction Of Chan
non Collinge. Nations Of the five
principal continents already have
been honored in the series, and
the musical numbers selected to
furnish . native background for
the programs cover a worldwide
range of composition.
The programs are heard each
Sunday afternoon beginning at
2:3O.
p. M.
WRC-The Cavaliers sing "Up
: On Top of the Rainbow. for the
broadcast Of the Cities Service
program. The words of the
"LMllaby," which Gitla Erstinn
The Washington times., 1930-08-15

1O.sD--Chorua
II 11:00--Richmond Orchestra
WPG--Atlantic City--1100-272
7:O0--C.B.s Network.
7:30-studio: Concert Program
s:30-Orchestra Program.
10:00--DAnee Orchestras
WBAI,--BaItimore
ai00-salon Music.
S:00--Recital; N.B.C.-WJZ.
6:1B-WBAL Ensemble.
6:30-Majestlo Moments.
R-EewaFk-5IO-a21
5:00--Uncle Don.
S;so--sports Talk; Astor Orchestra.
6:i5-Skylarkers.
7.00--Little Symphony.
S:00--Announced.
e;30--Wandering Gypsies.
9:00--vaudevitle.
e:3o--RomancehE Quartet.
10:00--Janssen's Orchestra.
The Washington times., 1930-08-15
PRINCIPAL PROGRAMS OVER RTHEPADI

s:aS--Marmola Program.
io.00--The Pepper Box
io:ae--Misa Jo-Cur's Letter.
ii;00-@Gospsl Singers Of Cheltenham,
Nd
Ili4O---The National Farm News Pro.
gram.
le.00-Corrsct Time.
i2;os--R. w. Dunlap, Assistant secrsI
tary OF Agriculture, Speech.
Nationally Important Subject.
i:00--MusicAl Sign-off.
2.00--Afternoon Musicale.
o.00-Bob Merchant the Grooming
Troubador.
l:00--Robert Downing Presentation.
S.00--Soience and History.
5,S0--Down the Highway.
e:O0--Musical 1nterlude.
6:15-Service Hour.
e.3O-United Press Flashes
e;40--C1assified Hour.
7:00--Metropolitan Police Bulletin.
The Washington times., 1930-08-15

7:15--Eleanor Bergen, Soprano.
f:30--Frano Time Signal.
7:31--U. g. Army Band.
s:00-JewelI Jennifer and Her Ju-
bi.eah Singers.
s.s0--Phn Loria ana His Congress
Heights Orchestra
9:00-Uncle Tom ana His Hired Help.
9:S0-The Gondollers.
10:00-The Song Story.
1o:50--Radio Girls Sacred Singers.
11:00--SlRn-
NEARBY STATIONS
WRvA--Rlchmond--I
SOON. z. .C.-wJz ana wEAF.
6:46-PianiRt
f:00--Entertainers Marshall Music.
7:45--N. b C. WIZ.
9:00-"VacationS."
s.30-Recftaf
10:O0->N. z. .C.-WJZ.
The Washington times., 1930-08-15
LOCAL STATIONS
WRC-Washlnrton-9SO-sI6


i2:1O-Palais dor Orchestra.
12:45-National Farm and Home H0ur,
speakers. DR.. o. c. stine Ana
Edgar Markham
1:3O-Organ Recital by Gertrude
smallwood Mockbee. from the
Kilt Studios.
2:s0--Chicago Serenade.
S:0O-Dancing Melodies.
G:00--The Lady Next Door.
G:20-The Victor olot sextetts from
London.
A4B-Tea Timers.
S:OO--Blaek and Cold Room Or
chestra.
S:Se-KeepinE Up With The Times,
St5-Uncie Abe and David.
s:O0--Amos m Andy.
s:1S--Arcadie Birksnholh viOlinist.
With Concert Orchestra.
s:3O--Phfi Cook. the Quaker Man.
e:l5--Rlss Of the Goldbergs.
7;OO--cities Service Orchestra and
Cavaliers.
s:00-Clicquot Club Eskimos.
s:s0--Blg Guns
s:0O-Raleigh Revue.
10;OO--Hotel st. Regis Orchestra
10:l5--Slpmher Music.
11;O0---Weather Forecast
11:o1-Wayne King and His Or.
11.sO-Palais d'or orchsstra.
GtOn--esO-4
zI2;so-Harry Tucker and His Hotel
Barclay Orchestra; Concert.
1:00-Rhythm Ramblers, Nat BrHsi-
loft. director.
1:30-Ann Leaf at the Organ.
2:00-Colum bia Ensemble, Semi.
classic Music
2:30-Today In History.
2:22-Columbia Nature Club.
2.Ak--"Fi9htimR Forest Fir9A.H III.
q N. Wheeler.
3:00-Light Orera Gems. directed BY
Channon Collinge.
3:S0-Thirty Minute Men. Freddie
Rich and His Orchestra,
4:0O--"with Uncle Sans Natural.
ists," prepared by the Il. 8.
Department Of Akriculture.
4:10-WXYZ Captivators - Dance
The Washington times., 1930-08-15
Times Movie Editor
On Air Today

Tune in WMAL At 8
O'Clock this afternoon, to
hear Andrew r. Kelley, drao
matte and motion picture
editor Of The Washington
Times, who win give you
last minute news ON the
current pictures and their
stars.
Mr.. Kelley win talk during
the regular Friday afternoon
feature, Topics OF The
Times"
The Washington times., 1930-08-15

my, these sandwiches are goodg'
Of course they're good. And quick, too. For
they're made of smooth, even.grained slices of
slo.baked. Wonder Bread spread with simple,
good.tasting sandwich filings that women can
stir up in moment. Wonder Bread has such
fresh, nut-like favor that the simplest sand
wiches of Wonder Bread taste better than even
elaborate sandwiches made from ordinary bread.
The formula for this golden. .crusted slo-
baked bread calls for more than twice the
The Washington times., 1930-08-15

WCAE--Ph fiaAelphlA--l17o.Ss
s:00--Foiia'e Program.
e.s0--C.BS Network
T.oO---Household Entertainsra.
Pitfaburgh--'94O-9l9
SOON 3. B.C.-WEAF.
s:30--sybii Young Orchestra.
SOON. =. c..WEAF
10;O0--Weakher; scoreab
II RENT A PIANO
'HK&faH0
The Washington times., 1930-08-15
lb1mgs about s0-baked bread

Of the wheat berry. For long, slow baking
that seals the perfectly blended ingredients in
a crust of tender golden brown.
You can even see the goodness of Wonder
Bread hyou'n make this simple test: Cut slices
equally thick of slo-baked bread and any other
white bread Toast them the same length Of
time Notice how burned in spots, how pale
in others, the one bread turns out. See how
crisp and golden Wonder Bread toast is every
time. Only perfect bread makes perfect toast.
The Washington times., 1930-08-15
A BETTER,
BRIGHTER BREAKFAST

The better the breakfast, the brighter
the day. Don't fog the brain and clog
the body by eating heavy, indigest.
ible breakfast. Brighten the day byeat.
ing Shredded Wheat with milk and 90
to work with buoyant step and mental
alertness. Shredded Wheat with milk
makes complete well-balanced meal
containing everything the human
body needs for growth and strength.
Try it with berries and cream. It's
rare treat.
The Washington times., 1930-08-15

usual amount of sweet, pas.
teurized milk, pure cane
sugar, the finest shorten.
ing, a special yeast, -four
milled from the very heart