davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
NITRATE IMPERIALISTS
AND FASCISM OF CHILE
MERGE IN CORPORATION
Try to Solve Nitrate Mining Crisis Caused by
Competition with Artificial Nitrates
Will Fail to Organize Production and Can But
. Deepen Crisis and Worsen Workers. Wages

move tariff charges on machinery
for the corporation imported from
abroad, and give cheaper transport
on nitrate than to other products.
The government of Chile names only
four out of the twelve directors.
The argument made by the Ibanez
dictatorship in favor of the plan
now to be adopted by the fake Con
gress" Of Chile which serves as a
mask for Ibanez's fascist rule, is
that the dividends, suppose dly
'fixed" for the first four years of
operation, will give the government
about $20,000,OO0 year.
1t is also anticipated" that the
profits for the first ten years will
be excellent" enough to cover the
cost of the big public works to build
which the government has floated
big loans in the United States.
If, however, there can be no ia
vorable agreement with the artifi-
cial nitrate producers, or even if
there is an agreement which is vio-
lated just as the steel and other
cartels formed in Europe have been,
the continuing crisis will knock the
bottom out of all these arguments
of excellent profits" Chile will be
unable to pay Yankee bankers for
the loans made, and within any
event-become a plaything of i'm
perialism and subject to imperial
list rivalries between the United
States and British interests more
than ever before. This conflict is,
in the nature of the world crisis
generally, certain to arise.
Thus the Chilean workers, whose
exploitation, always terrible, will be
intensified by the governments in
terest in helping the imperialists
exploit them, have no way out but
of revolution against Imperialism
and its fascist native capitalist
lackeys. And no other hope of VIC
tory in the struggle than under the
banner of the Communist Party of
Chile and the revolutionary trade
unions, now illegal under Ibanez'
murderous rule.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
.Anti-Imperialists Hit
Labor arty, Gandhi

Continued from Page U7eJ
struggle against American imperial
ism expresses it's unqualified sup
port of the movement for the inde-
pendence of India from British i'm
perialist rule. India has an inherent
right to independence. No measures
of home rule or dominion status
R7ithin the British Empire can pos
libby satisfy that right. 1t is the
obvious duty of all opponents of i'm
perialism to stand squarely on the
side of the Indian revolutionary
movement for freedom and against
British imperialism.
Macdonald Same as Tories
"We condemn the British Labor
Government as an instrument of I'M
perialism no less reactionary than
the Tory government which receded
it.
"The freeing of India from the
British yoke is significant not only
to India but to the whole world. For
India is the keystone in the arch
Ct British imperialism and when it
falls, the power of the Empire will
be broken.
against the rule of rifles, ar
mored cars, gas bombs and ma
chine guns, the Indian masses must
mobilize the power Of overwhelming
numbers and iron determination to
win their freedom. The British inn
perialist forces must be driven out.
I'VE stand with the revolutionary
movement by whatever means it
flights it's battle. we point out,
however, that there is no experience
in any revolutionary movement to
justify hope for success OF the cam
paign of civil disobedience inaugu-
rated by the Indian National Con-
gress. Nor can reliance pc placed
upon leadership of the propertied
classes representing the policy of
the Indian National Congress. But
behind that are organizations of
workers and peasants who are de-
termined to win freedom for India
by any means at hand, even to the
point OF armed revolution. Inso-
far as the leaders of the National
Congress, Gandhi and his lieuten-
ants, obstruct that movement of the
peasants and workers because it
does not square with the program
of civil disobedience, they are play
ing into the hands of British i'm
perialism.
For Revolution
eve stand with all the forces in
India fighting for immediate and
unconditional independence by any
means whatever. We stand against
any forces, whatever their preten-
sions which obstruct or weaken the
struggle. In the long run we have
confidence only in the power of the
trade unions and the peasant asso-
Citations to lead India through rev.
dictionary movement to real indie
pendence. Recent history has
demonstrated that reliance upon
propertied classes leads to compro-
mise with the alien rulers and de-
feat Of the struggle for complete
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31

ton of the union are being held; in
Staunton, yesterday; Livingston, to-
day; Benld, tomorrow; Collinsville,
Thursday; and Mt. Olive, Friday.
The youth meetings are in prepare
ton for a sectional youth conference
to be held in this territory June 8.
The district board of the Illinois
Nm. U. is meeting in Belleville May
81 TO further the tremendous work
ahead, particularly the building of
rank and file COMMITTEES of action.
For the week of June l, mass
meetings are called for Belleville,
zeigler, johnson City, West Frank
fort and Harrisburg with Nels kjar
as speaker to mobolize the unem-
ployed for a hunger march to the
National Unemployment Convention
in Chicago.
There will also be a mass meeting
in Zeigler with Joe North as speak
er to build the circulation of the
Labor Unity, official organ of the
Trade Union Unity League in the
mining fields.
Nesbit Admits A Defeat
Secretary Nesbit of the Peabody
Coal Co. faction of the UNIV. has
issued a statement, in which the
figures of locals forced into his or
are padded. Even these
fake figures, however, admit that
20 per cent Of the locals have not
agreed to the Howat- Fishwick- Pea
body line. These locals are in the
National Miners Union, with the ex-
ception of a few which Lewis has.
Green, president of the ALL. has
the central labor bodies not
to expel the Fishwick locals, and
hints strongly that the Lewis and
Fishwick factions will come to-
gether. Green supports Lewis, NOM
inally, but states to the central
bodies: "I trust that ultimately an
agreement can be reached"
The Kansas Federation Of Labor
convention in Wichita last week re-
fused to seat either the Lewis or
Howat delegates. A representative
of Green asked for the seating of
Lewis men.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
'TUUL CALLS ON
NEGRO WORKERS
Equality at Southern
Conference, June s

Fighting the ten per cent wage
cuts in the South, fighting the
stretch out system, fighting against
unemployment and for unemploy-
ment relief, the Trade Union Unity
League has called Southern con-
ference to meet June 8 in Chat
tanooga, Tenn, to plan the organiza-
ton into militant unions of these
most exploited sections of the work
ing class. The call for the confer
ence, issued by the national office
of the T.U.U.L. states:
THE T.U.U.L. fights for full
Economic, Social and Political
Equality for Negro workers! And
for the right for self-determina-
ton Of the Negro tOilers!
Demand the release Of the
seven Gastonia defendants. De-
mand the release of II. M. Powers
and Joe Carr, organizers now fac
ing the electric chair in Atlanta,
Ga" y
The T.U.U.L. statement describes
the effect of the economic crisis on
southern workers. The whole coun-
try is in crisis, and the crisis is not
limited to America. Mills are shut
ting down the millions of unemploy-
ed starve, and the employers who do
work their men try to take advan-
tage of the situation to cut wages,
speed them numerically, a d
lengthen the work day.
At the same time, the crisis on
the farms forces the ruined farmers
into the labor market, tenants,
troopers, farm laborers flocking to
the cities, where already there is
too little work.
Terrible In South
This situation is particularly bad
in the South, where, especially in
the textile region all are forced to
work at the very lowest pay pos
sible until they drop from exhaus-
ton.
Both Negro and white workers"
says the T.U.U.L. "laborers and
farm hands, are forced to work
under the most unbearable condi-
tons"
"The exploitation of the Negro
toilers is doubtly severe. Standing
upon the back of the Negro workers,
which is the basis for the super
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
These Chinese Workers Will Support the Grow
ino SOvietS
ing SOviets

profits of the American capitalist
class, they are able to force the con-
ditions of both Negro and white
workers down to the level of slaves.
"The first great struggle against
starvation wages and the speed-up
and stretch-out, and the efforts of
the bosses to keep the Negro and
white workers divided, took place at
Gastonia year ago-under the
militant leadership of the National
Textile Workers Union, affiliated to
the T.U.U.L. For this, the bosses
with their hired thugs evicted the
families of the workers, tore down
their temporary quarters, shot them
down-and finally the capitalist
courts sentenced seven of the lead
ers of this struggle to long prison
terms-ranging up to twenty years,
for defending themselves against
the attacks of the bosses, for the
right of free speech and free as
semblage, and the right to organ
ize, strike, and picket. But in spite
of this, the workers are showing
great militancy and determination
to struggle and have succeeded in
checking the terrorism of the bosses.
Gastonia has thus become the rally
ing ground for the organization of
the Southern workers.
A. F. L. For Stretchout
"The American Federation of
Labor officials, openly acting as
stool-pigeons for the bosses, aiding
the bosses in use of lynch-law
against union members ATLANTA,
Birmingham, Winston-Salem), and
who have repeatedly sold out and
betrayed the Southern workers
Marion, Elizabethton, Greenville,
etc. are openly helping the bosses
to keep the workers down. In many
places they are aiding to put
through new stretch-out systems,
and trying to keep the workers from
joining the T.U.U.L. and organizing
for struggle. William Green, presi-
dent of the A. F. of L., who prom
Used President Hoover that the A.
F. of L. would put up no fight
against the bosses speed up and
wage-cutting drive, has been well
coined and banqueted by Chamber
of Commerce, police and city au-
thorities in city after city during his
recent tour of the South.
"The A. F. of L. with its policy
of organizing only the skilled, with
its Jim Grow policy against the
Negroes, helps the bosses to keep
the workers divided"
In the South, says the T.U.U.L.
in it's statement calling the organ
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
independence.

independence.
eve call upon all sincere Ameri-
can anti-imperialists, inside and out
side the working classes, to express
their solidarity with midas strug-
gle for independence, and to con-
denim the British Labor Govern
ment's policy of armed terror"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
By HARRISON GEORGE

The nitrate industry is one of the
most important, nitrates going
largely into agricultural fertilizers
and--in this period-into war chem
icals. The crisis in the industry has
been deepening for years, especially
since the discovery of artificially
made nitrates that compete with
natural minerals, of which Chile
produced--up to the discovery of
artificial nitrates-95 per cent of
the worlds supply.
British and American imperial
isms' investments until recently
have been nearly equal, though the
United States bankers are gaining.
The nitrate crisis contributed to the
tstallation of a bloody fascist re-
me under General Carlos Ibanez in
)27. 1t is now forwarding a gigan-
tic merger of American, British,
German and Slav nitrate mining
corporations, with the government
of Chile as so per cent shareholder,
which these interests hope to use
as against the artificial nitrate pro-
ducers who are to meet in congress
in Paris shortly, the mining inter-
ests hoping to force an agreement
with the artificial producers to Tor
ganize"-and limit production.
The mining interests in the merg-
or, which will officially be author
lied by law in Chile, will capitalize
the corporation that thus acquires
the character of government con-
Germ, at three billion Chilean pesos
1886, 000,000). The Chilean gov
eminent will hold so per cent of this
stock without paying" into the
capital fund. The other half to be
held by the sixty mining companies
of Chile in which imperialists are
interested.
But the Chilean government must
give up the export tax on nitrate
which hitherto largely financed the
government, and it must turn over
to the corporation all undeveloped
nitrate deposits. 1t must also re-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31

Demand the release of Fos-
ter, Minor, Amter and Ray
mond, in prison for fighting
for unemployment insurance.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
MASS MEETINGS
OF ILL, Miners
Prepare for National
Convention, June %

WEST FRANKFORT, Ill, May
30.-The Illinois district of the Ma
tional Miners Union is actively pre-
pairing for the great national con-
vention of the union, June %, in
Pittsburgh. The fight against the
Lewis-fascist and the Howat social
fascist factions of the United Mine
Workers of America is being sharp
ened.
During this week the following
mass meetings are being held:
Sparta, yesterday; Eldorado, today;
Orient and johnson City, tomorrow;
Zeigler, Thursday; Belleville, Sun
day. Speakers will be Freeman
Thompson, national president Of the
N.M.U.; William r. Groves, district
secretary; Rhode Tierny, district
vice president; and Gerry Allard,
national board member.
Meetings to build the youth sec
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
FASCIST FISH
and CHEMICAL
TRUST At WORK
Anti-Red Probers Call
Fascist Witnesses
(Continned hon PaQe One)

Continued from Page One)
country"
That the investigation" is not
only to cover up the unemployment
and centralize the growing perse-
cution Of Communists but is also to
prepare the morale" for war
against the Soviet Union is seen
N the hand pulling the wires Of
forgeries and anti-Soviet propa-
ganda-the hand of the war Chem
zeal Trust.
Mr.. Fasley of the National Civic
Federation, an accomplice along
with Matthew Vol in the Whalen
forgeries, is very interested" in
helping the Chemical Trust Mr..
Elon II. Hooker, president Of the
Hooker Electro-Chemical Company
is on Easley's executive committee.
The Civic FedeEation, in "Plea to
American Women" says the Fedora
ton aims to-"urge and stimulate
the protection and preservation of
chemical industries as they affect
the defense of the country"
simultaneously with the Whalen-
Easley forgeries, the staid and ere
spectacle" official organ of the
American Chemical Society for May,
industrial and Engineering Chem
istry," prints a long editorial which
is typical anti-Soviet and cred
batting" scream for deportation not
only of foreign-born Communists
but also of American. 1t, too, like
the Whalen forgeries, bears the
mark Of Easley and VOL.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
BIRMINGHAM WORKERS
STRIKE

BIRMINGHAM, Ala. - Workers
of the Gadsen Ala knitting mills re-
Gently went on strike against the
long hours and low wages. These
workers received a maximum wage
Of II dollars for 60 hours work. The
strike was sold out by A. F. of L.
union, the fake officials.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31

| MOSCOW, G.P.S,) = The con-
struction of a large socialist town
"Kominternovsk" has been COM
nlerSced in the Don basin. Four mil
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-05-31
Soviet Builds Socialist Mining Town

lion roubles will be expended this
year for the preparatory work. In
the last year of the Five Year Plan
the district will be the largest coal
mining area in the Don basin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-02

adept at stealth, the enthusiastic II aln@swer
Americans, and most numerous of all, the
French From score of points in Switzer-
land they tried to get their trained men
through the Swiss and German net.
At French vice consulate in a certain
smaller Swiss city, perhaps the regular BUSH
ness that the office did with its right hand
concealed and aided what it did with its left.
The French were not the only ones thus am
bidextrous. Any way, there were rumorS in the
half-world.
There came one day to this modest and
retiring vice consulate q caller who put his foot
in the door, then showed badge that the STAFF
recognized all too well.
swiss secret police" they whispered.
To resist meant at least arrest and deporea~
ton from Switzerland; to yield might mean
a thorough search producing evidence that
would cause far more serious international
complications. With quick, nervous strides the
unwelcome visitor gained the center of the
room, a wiry figure of middle height, domi-
mating all. His face, that of man of about
80, bespoke determination, magnetism, even
dominance; a forehead broad imposing, over
black eyes flashing keenly behind glasses; nose
straight as an emperor'S mouth masked ~
dark brown mustache.
Let no one leave" he said in excellent
French. II am, as you see, am officer of the
Swiss government. have come to look for
suspected violation of Swiss neutrality"
Then dramatically he thrust forward q
pointing hand.
LET me see the contents of that safel" hd
said
But, Monsieur" an official demonstrated
"this is French vice consulate. I assure you
there is nothing wrong here-and we have
never been asked to open our SAFE"
Nevertheless" said the visitor, ct demand
that you do So"
THE Frenchman shrugged his shoulders. The
really dangerous things, he l1eped were NOE
in the safe. He stood by while the man with
the badge eagerly transferred papers and
t sz- assG yytAssse ts 4G t.
Continued on Seuenteenth Pare
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-02

n Y t is a terrible affair."" said the chief
OF the French secret service in
Switzerland. He spoke almost in
whisper His working face showed
strong emotion.
ssvvhat a blow they have dealt us, those Ger
rnansI" he exclaimed. Fooled us about their
great offensive that almost crushed first the
british army then ours Tricked our secret
service like schoolboys. Caught there In Ger
many 81 of our good men, whom we depended
on. and pouf-snuffed them out. A firing
SQUAD at dawn Then, IN those mems Names
thew sent us forged false reports. We never
knew, until too late"
Ewes flashing he struck the table blow
that made the glasses ring.
"One man did that!" he cried "One man,
though the master of many. All, what mas
ter, of things dark and sinister! He Is
veritable Mephistopheles"
Cautiously the Frenchman looked about the
obscure cafe then leaned forward and lowered
his voice again.
And now" he whispered, that man, that
devil, that master spy-he is here!"
The American officer in civilian clothes
started and looked about, too. He was not
yet Injured TO all the games abrupt transitions
from dull monotony to sudden transfxing
flashes of melodrama that proved stark truth.
He smiled apologetically.
"You mean somewhere in Switzerland, of
course" he said
Right here in Bern" the French chief
replied. Perhaps we pass him on the street
and do not know him. Perhaps" waving his
hand toward a nondescript group just out of
earshot-"perhaps he sits at that table and
watches U.S. Who knows? He has two, three
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-02

Switzerland had as much chance of escaping
unsmirched as has a child in white dress
making mud pies.
Switzerland was on the line of march of the
secret war, q natural base for all sorts OF
shady operations directed by Germany and
Austria ON the one hand by Italy and France
on the other. Nor were they the only players
in the masked game. To this crossroads OF
Europe all the nations OF the world sent mem
bers of their intelligence services. Here were
suave and smiling diplomats in their element,
army officers trying to hide professional stiff
ness in civilian clothes, ready to buy the in
formation peddled by travelling statesmen"
whose chief stock in trade it was, after trips
into one or another of the surrounding coun-
tries, or by railroad employees or customs
guards or hotel servants. Spies and spying
everywhere. Normal peaceful citizens scarcely
knew where to turn.
Nominally the Swiss secret police watched
every one impartially, especially the military
attaches of all the powers, allied or Teutontc,
to prevent violations of Swiss neutrality
EARLY in 1915 long before the Frenchman
and the American met in the Berne cafe,
all the intelligence services had but one
thought the great German Spring offensive.
The Germans sought to conceal their plans, to
mislead the allies, who strove by every means
to find out when, where and how the blow
would fall. Fierce and INSCRIPTIONS waged the
secret war. Switzerlands half-world hummed
with the allied spy drive to get into Germany
and secure the precious information.
BY land black closed cars sought hidden by
roads near the frontier. BY water motor boats
slipped across Lake Constance to get strong
swimmers within reach of the German shore,
before patrol boats brought pistol fight and
sudden death in the dark. In the air hum Of
motors was heard at night and brave men
dropped by parachutes tried the hard task of
deceiving grim German spy hunters, who, too,
lived with wits astrain, to repel the stealthy
invasion All the allies worked together, the
splendid British secret service, the Italians
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-02

EDITORS NOTE: This is the first OF
series OF true stories, By Thomas NJ John
SON, famous tOur correspondent. NeUeT told
before, authenticated By records, Jul OF
mystery and action, they present an un-
usually fascinating picture of our port IN
the World War.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-02

four, one cannot know how many Identities"
Then with shrug:
''Eh bien, this Mephistopheles is human, for
he leaves trails, and he has not caught all the
hounds of our Deuxieme Bureau. The trail
ends in Bern. He is here, contriving who
knows what evil to the allied cause. 1t
is for U.S. all of us, to snuff him out in his turn.
That is why asked you to meet me hereto
beseech the help of the American service"
The American thrilled at the idea.
"You fatter US" he said asking us to help
catch the famous Master. We've heard of him,
even if we are new at this secret stuff The
Germans can't have all the crew of attaches
and agents and spies they have in Switzerland
without there being some leaks" He grinned.
"And do you know" he said, "the good old
American dollar is regular divining rod when
it comes to finding those leaks"
The Frenchman was beginning to SMILE too.
YES" he said playfully, IT hope so. Last
week our man in the Office of Capt. Won Bis
marck Ca schemer that one, like his famous
ancestor) said he was roaring with laughter
over some false information they had sold the
stupid Yankees"
The Americans smile turned to a flush.
"Oh, he was, was hep" he said dryly. We'll,
maybe he'll be surprised-he and the rest of
them"
Nov, that prediction came true. The
Americans did catch the master spy.
How, is one of the most thrilling true tales of
our secret service in the World War-a tale
that has never been told until now
This is not fiction. The Master lived and
moved in his mysterious ways for the cause of
the German Empire Perhaps he still lives,
so in this narrative he must be unnamed, al
though his name Can appropriate one) Is
known, and more, too-that remains also un-
written. He was one of the most formidable
figures of that half-world where men and
women of strange identity, or none, with mo-
tives the highest or the basest, fitted and
lodged unstoried and unsung, in the sinister
war of the spy and his enemy, the counter-spy
Surrounded by Germany Austria, Italy and
France great powers In death struggle little
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-02

Like a flash the Visitors
hand trent to his coat
pocket. ''Let no one
nuoue," he commanded.
Odd ,cay for a SUiss agent
to net in a French con-
suLate. In the meantime,
one French spy after an
other had stood before a
German firing squad.