davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
Human AntidOte for War
Is of Students

Being teacher, he thought first in
terms OF education. Lecturing to his
young people. walking quiet country
roads, he thought: These young peo-
pie, in whatever land they may be,
leaven the lump of the world. 1t would
be fine thing il those from many diff
ferent lands could be brought to know
one another better. They would be less
likely to jump at one another's Threats
as soon as dispute arose. There should
be easier. wider opportunities for young
men and women to carry on their
studies in foreign lands.
Before the war there was, of course,
considerable exchange of students be-
tween different countries. But it was
limited to those who could afford it.
Some of the best brains and personali-
ties were excluded because they had no
money. Something like the Rhodes
scholarships and the Boxer indemnity
scholarships should be available for the
students of every country.
In 1918 Stephen Duggan, filled with
enthusiasm, took this idea to the Car
negie Endowment. 1t seemed to them
an excellent plan, but an inconvenient
time for carrying it out; war was still
on, the air was thick with poison and
passion.
The minute the war ended Stephen
Duggan got busy again. Caught by his
enthusiasm. the endowment appro-
priated sum of money for the expert
ment. In February, 1919, the Institute
of International Education was incor-
porated and Stephen Duggan was made
director.
Other Funds for Institute.
Later the Laura Spelman Rockefeller
Memorial also contributed funds for the
institute. 1t became the central agency
for all the major activities of interna-
tional education. On its board of di-
rectors were representatives of such
organizations as the American Council
on Education, the National Education
Association, the American Association
for the Advancement of Science, the
National Research Council and the
American Library Association. The
trustees include, among others, Dwight
w. Morrow, Henry Morgenthau and
John BasSett Moore, and among the
26 members of the advisory council are
found such names as Jane Adams,
Katharine B. Davis, Harry Emerson
Fosdick, John Grier Hibben, Alexander
Meiklejohn, william Fellowes Morgan
and James T. Shotwell.
This simple-living, clear-thinking
Stephen Duggan had got himself into
job that made him one of the most
vigorously busy men in America He
became a commuter across oceans be-
tween the worlds capitals.
There are, first of all, the students
for whom the institute was originally
founded. Starting with nothing 10
years ago, the institute now admin
siters $50 'fellowships for study in
American and foreign universities. For
the most part these cover tuition and
living expenses for year-not, as yet,
travel expenses.
These fellowships mean much more
than a chance to study some particu-
lar subject at a famous university.
Every international student serves as so
much antidote against the great poison,
war.
For instance: A young American
CONTINUED on Fourth Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
Schools in Porto Rico Lack
Facilities for Extra Pupils

survey by the National Child Health
Association brought out the fact that
there are at least 100000 undeTnoEy.
ished children in the island. While
school authorities have not at thar
disposal sufficient fupds to feed all
these, an effort will be made through
the school lunch room to take care Of
$4,000 Of the most urgent cases.
Last December the American Relic
Association donated 100000 for the
feeding of undernourished children, q
part of which Is still available and will
be used with other funds of the Inslllar
government to continue the lunches.
In the meantime, a drive being under
taken on the mainland, will, it is hoped,
result in sending to the island sum-
cient money to operate the lunch rooms
throughout the year.
The school garden Is considered an
essential accompaniment Of the school
lunch room If the people are to be
taught to eat wholesome native-grown
food. Each rural school, therefore, has
assigned to 1t a portion of land on
which crops are planted and cared for
by the pupils.
DR.. Padtn's program calls for q close
and systematic cooperation between
his department and the Departments Of
Health and Agriculture. 1t is felt that
the three departments have wasted
their effort by scattering attacks on
varying aspects of the problem. From
now on there will be concerted move
ment in which the rural schools viii be
used as centers and agencies or propa-
ganda and instruction by experts of
the three departments. There are 2,200
rural schools in the island, and DR..
~ I'LL ~.
effective and rapid channels through
which doctrines of health and efficiency
can reach the people. Parents will be
invited to the schools where agricul-
tural and health experts will instruct
them in simple language in questions
of farming and personal hygiene
The island Is spending this year
about 100000. more than q third Of
its budget, on education.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

AS to the vexed question of hospital
ity to foreign capital, he declared that
observation convinced him that foreign
capitalists were trying to recover the
unfair privileges they enjoyed under
the Ottoman Empire. Republican Tur-
key, he declared, prefers to rely on her
own resources and cherish her indie
pendence. He defended the government
tobacco, salt, alcohol and other monop-
olies as necessary and proper in Tur-
keys present phase.
Something like a fiscal and general
economic crisis now exists in Turkey.
Mustapha Renal is taking counsel with
experts of sundry foreign countries. All
extremely interesting.
CHINA.-Chang Hsueh-Liang, super
tuchun of Manchuria, has sent three
divisions of Manchurian troops into the
Peiping- TientSin area. Naturally, Curl
osity Is rife as to his excellencys in
tentions in this connection. Marking
newspapers claim that Chang proposes
to aid Marking. The foreign minister
of the new Peiping government is
quoted as asserting that the move was
made at the instance of Sien Hsi-Shan
and for his behoof and others are
wicked cynics who suggest that Chang
Is looking out solely for No. /.
X X
SANTO DOMINGO.-The city of
Santo Domingo, capital of the republic
of the same name, has been desolated
by hurricane-over 1900 dead, about
5000 injured, at least half the city in
ruins. The usual looting was ended by
a state of martial law. Other Carib-
bean isles, notably Dominica, reported
severe damage and some loss of life.
The American Red Cross and our Gov
eminent Through the Navy and the
Marine Corps are moving vigorously to
convey relief.
Santo Domingo City, founded by
Bartholomew Columbus in 1896, K the
oldest city OF European foundation in
the New World and was long the most
important. This is the most desperate
experience since it was sacked by Sir
Francis Drake in 1886. Surrounded by
old walls, with bastons ard with its
massive old stone houses, many have
been wont to regard it - the finest
surviving example of Spanish colonial
town. The cathedral, dating from 1912,
which contains the reputed tomb of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

river, have their hands full. "Any per-
son who haltS for more than a minute
to gaze on the rushing waters is re-
quired to move on"
Nor are conditions in Vienna any too
happy, even though, under the Social
ist regime, a poor family can get a
three-room apartment with bath for the
equivalent of $3.50 a month.
POLAND.-The other day arrived IN
New York Harbor the S. S. Polonia from
Gdynias, the Newport of the Polish
corridor" in which is one of the danger
Danzig about dozen miles northwest
of DanZig and construction thereof be-
gan scarcely more than a lustrum back.
1t is connected by railway with Danzig
and a railway thence to the interior of
Poland Is under construction. Moreover,
a canal to connect it with the Vistula is
projected. In course of time Gdynia
will or will not entirely supplant Danzig
(the status of which is so strangely an
omalous) as the port of Poland. The
Polonia Is the first to be commissioned
of their vessels to constitute the nucleus
Of Polish merchant marine.
On August 80 President MoScicki dis
solved the Polish Diet at the instance of
Marshal Joseph Pilsudski, premier and
in effect dictator of Poland; the first
step toward the constitutional reform"
contemplated by the old warrior. Gen.
eral elections for new selfm are sched-
uled for January 16 next; meantime
much might happen.
4 X
TURKEY.-Turkey seems to be enter
ing an interesting new political phase
drought the formation of a new Liberal
party advocating easy entry of foreign
capital, encouragement of private enter
prise, and by the same token the cur
tailment of government participation in
both.
But the other day the famous Ismet
Pasha, premier of Turkey, in a speech
at SivaS at the opening of the new
TurkiSh-built railroad connecting Sivas
with Angora, advocated continuance of
the present government policy of "Tur-
key for the Turks" He pointed out as
among the achievements to date of Re-
publican Turkey construction within
seven years of almost as much railroad
mileage as the Sultan's government had
constructed In so years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
Hawaii Denies Island
Is Lost to White Race

Vigorous exception is taken in Ha-
wall to the comment of v. S. Nc
CATCHY of San Francisco that the
islands are lost to the white race"
McClatchy, who for many years has
been an avowed exponent of exclusion
of Orientals from the United States,
made his comment in connection with
the Welch bill, which has been intro
duced in Congress to bar Filipinos from
the United States.
McClatchy referred to the numbers of
Orientals in Hawaii and declared that
they are gaining control. This has
aroused much resentment in Hawaii,
which prides itself that thorough job
of Americanization is being done in an
American community that believes the
racial melting pot" can fuse a number
of races successfully. Hawaii'S Delegate
to Congress, Victor S. x. Houston, has
also challenged McClatchys assertion
with figures to prove that Americans
of Occidental blood are firmly in con-
troll of the islands SO far as property
ownership and operation Of the great
businesses are concerned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
BY w. r. O,REILLY.

SAN JUAN, p. R.-With more than
100000 students beginning classes weeks
In advance of the opening of schools
in most northern communities, the In
sular Department of Education has
been compelled to refuse admission to
other thousands of children.
Principals, supervisors, the Commits
sioner of Education and even Gov
Roosevelt have received petitions from
parents and guardians asking them to
find some way to increase the school
facilities. Central High School OF San
Juan was forced to turn away more
than 200 applicants.
Probably in no community under the
flag is there more earnest and wide
spread faith in the American educa-
tional system than in Porto Rico. AS
the Brookings Institute report points
out, this faith sometimes meets with
pathetic disillusionment, since book
learning frequently does not solve the
problems the people expect 1t to solve.
DR., Jose Padin, who directs the OPEN
ing of the school year for the first time
as Commissioner of Education, is de-
termined that Porto Rico'S educational
system shall be more an instrument to
fight poverty and disease and the re-
sulting inefhciency. In an address to
his supervisors he dwelt at length on
the school as the best equipped social
agency to deal with the islands funda-
mental and age-old ills. DR.. Padin
holds that it is the function of the
school and the educators to teach the
children, and through them the parents,
how and what to eat how to produce
1t and how to keep well.
This program, he admits. Is not In
line with conventional pedagogy. but
he insists that. followed out, 1t will give
the island what the old-fashioned cur
riculum cannot-a healthy, industrious,
efficient population.
The school lunch room and the
school garden, amplified and increased,
will be the Department of Education's
principal mediums of attack on the
rural u1alnutrit:0n problem. A recent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
BY COVE HAMBIDGE.


THERE we're $1,000 900 men in the
World War. Eight and half
millions were KILLED, killed or died died
wounded. Seven and three
fourths millions were missing or prison.
ers. Total casualties, $780, 000-more
than half of those who took part.
Simple figures It would be well II
there were some acid to etch them per-
manently on human brains. What DO
they mean for the next great war?
That every man sent into it-with
mother, sweetheart, wife or children
waiting back home-wil stand better
than an even chance of getting his, one
way or another.
Several antidotes are working against
this poison that kills and skaters
young men. One of the antidotes, for
example, is Stephen Pierce Duggan.
The world waits, full of hope. Will the
antidote work? 1t will if we can get
large enough doses.
The Duggan antidote to counterfeit
international hatred and misunder-
standing works principally through
young men and women, the finest that
can be found all over the world. DR..
Duggan combs the world for these
young men and women. Those from
the United States are sent abroad to
study, to mingle with the people OF
foreign countries. Those from Europe,
Asia, South America are brought to the
United States, to study, to mingle with
our people. Each year the separate
groups go back home with better I'M
derstanding and appreciation, perhaps
a genuine love, of the people of an alien
land. They themselves are then anti
dotes, working against the poison that
produces war. The number increases
every year.
But this Duggan is no violent propa-
gandist, no ranting missionary, no FAM
ing torch to light the world to a new
way of life. He is more like an in
candescent electric lamp that gives light
steadily with no smoke.
Mild hammered and Courteous.
He is mild hammered, sparely built
man, courteous, quiet, simple in tastes.
When he talks, he gives an impression
of extraordinary, quick alertness, like a
bird in the early morning. He has
sparse gray hair, a mustache, a small
gray pointed beard His eyes look as
though they troubled him, but the COR
ners are clear blue, and they are the
windows of very clear mind. This
BELTS a man whose hobbies are con-
Notwithstanding in the country,
padding O. canoe-and who has lived
by choice on a small Rhode Island
farm so that he might bring up his four
children among simple things.
That is queer, too, for Stephen Dug
gan is New York City man born and
bred. He was born in New York so
years ago, of Irish and English parents.
His father was a carpenter and a
builder, man of moderate means; and
young Stephen had to work to get his
education at high school and at the
College of the City of New York. Per-
haps this accounts for his interest in
fellowships and scholarships for others.
He worked his way through, part of
the time by teaching: and when he had
finished, New York City gave him the
job of teaching immigrants the history.
the why's and wherefores of American
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

Government. Ernest students, these
immigrants, men and women from all
parts of the world, eager to learn about
this new land.
Here on New York'S East Side, in
daily contact with these foreigners so
eager to understand their new country,
Stephen Duggan got that international
viewpoint and international sympathy
that were to be the guiding forces in all
his work.
He became then a professor of po-
litical science at the College of the
City Of New York. under DR.. Finley,
and an instructor in the same subject
at Columbia University under DR..
Butler. His viewpoint was, as I say, in
ternational. 1t had been strengthened
by John Bassett Moore, later appointed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
Hawaii May Assist
Alien Fishing Groups

Formation of joint stock companies
under the laws Of the territory to
purchase alien fishing businesses now
individually owned has been sug-
gested as one method of meeting the
complicated commercial fishing situa-
ton. Hawaii depends for a large
part of its food supply on sea-fishing,
the fish being brought from adjacent
or distant waters but all within the
general Hawaiian area. Thousands of
the poorer people have fish for a prin-
cipal staple in their diet. Recent inn
position of federal law taxing certain
forms of fish under the tariff act places
a severe handicap on market fishing by
the Japanese aliens, who constitute 95
per cent of the fishermen. 1t is now
proposed to allow alien owners to form
a Joint stock company and carry out
their operations under territorial legal
sanction. This plan has been proposed
to the United States Treasury Depart
ment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

judge of the International Court of
Justice at The Hague, under whom he
had studied at Columbia.
To his mind the world was q unit
with problems to be solved by CO.
operation between nations. War was a
tragic insanity, needless under any rea-
sonable system of affairs. But war
does not eliminate itself. To stamp it
out requires fearless thinking, followed
by work of the most difficult kind.
During the war. while so many were
thinking in terms of international
hatred, Stephen Duggan - and there
were many like him, though not enough
persisted in thinking in terms of in
ternational understanding This must
be the foundation of peace, the first
step In eliminating friction between
nations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
Manganese Ore Firm
Is Founded in Africa

A company has been founded to ex-
tract manganese ore on a large scale
in French North Africa. A railroad $50
miles long and a fort near the small
town of Nemours, on the Algero-Mo-
roccan frontier, are being planned.
The company has engaged itself to
extract 100000 tons of manganese per
year. This would make French North
to European industry. Formerly the
output was small-600 to TOO tons a
year. Great Britain, Germany and Hol-
land used to be the chief European
consumers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

much the same predicament as the pro-
fessional cricketer. It is estimated that
there are not more than a dozen golf
professionals who are making much
more than $4,000 a year. There are
scores of them who count 1t good year
If they make 81 500 or $4,000.
Copyright. 1907
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07

HUNGARY.-We are told that, in
consequence of the desperate economic
slump in Hungary, the suicide rate in
Budapest has increased terriflcally, 40
persons having thrown themselves into
the Danube In the week ended August
80. That special suicide squad" of so
police, stationed on the banks Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-09-07
BY HENRY w. BUM.

THE following is a brief summary
Il of the most important news of
the world for the seven days
The Washington times., 1930-10-23
JAMES X. MADDUX

James K. Maddux, prominent
sportsman, identified particularly
with horses, died Tuesday at
his home in Warrenton, Va, from
an acute heart attack at the age
of IS.
Maddux, who had not felt any
i'll effects before, suffered an at
tack Monday evening. His
daughter, Miss Winifred Maddux,
who was with him at the time of
his death, had come to visit him
a few days before.
A native of Salem, Fauquier
county, Maddux came to Warren
ton in his early youth and lived
there since. His home, Neptune
Lodge, was formerly the home of
the Civil War governor of Vir-
ginia, Extra Billy Smith"
Maddux was married in 1900
to Miss May Muorling, but was
separated about 10 years later.
She is now Mrs. Raymond Bel
mont, of Middleburg. Surviving
Maddux are his daughter, four
nieces, Mrs. George Armstrong,
of Buffalo, N. Y: the Misses Vir-
ginia and Lillian Barker and Mrs.
w. w. Brown, jr., Of Warrenton,
and one nephew, j. Edward Bar
ker, Of Warrenton.
The Washington times., 1930-10-23
j. DC. OPENS
ANNUAL MEET

What we have been led to be-
lieve during the last 65 years was
the Civil War will be known
legally as the War Between the
States II a bill prepared for early
introduction in the House BY
Representative Lister Hill Of Ala
bama is adopted.
The Maryland Division, United
Daughters Of the Confederacy,
want the Civil War legiSlated out
Of existence, and last night, Miss
Sally Washington Maupin, first
vice president, told the members
Of the work done to bring about
that end when the thirty-third
annual convention was called to
order In Baltimore.
Today the organization win
vote on the establishment Of q
$50, 900 fund for the restoration
Of StratfordI the home Of Gen.
Robert e. Lee, and Of a scholar
ship to st. Mary's Seminary, st.
Marys, Md.
Election Of officers also is
scheduled for today, the nomina-
tions list, headed by Mrs. ].
Henry Baker. following:
Mrs. Charles O'Donnell Mack
all, Baltimore, for president; Mrs.
w. J. Crabbs, Baltimore, vice
president: Mrs. Adelbert Mears,
Baltimore, second vice president:
Miss Nan johnson Houck, third
vice president; Miss Grace r. Ed
dins, Baltimore, fourth vice presi-
dent; Mrs. Frances H. Purnell,
Baltimore, recording secretary;
Mrs. Bruce Brumbaugh, Balti-
more, corresponding secretary;
Mrs. John Collision, Baltimore.
treasurer; Mrs. Norris Harris, Bal
tinore, registrar; Mrs. Marion
Lee Holmes, Baltimore, historian;
Mrs. Frank c. Orrick, Baltimore,
division editor; Mrs. Daniel Mer-
shon Garrison, Annapolis, parlia-
mentarian; Mrs. Milton Dashiell,
Baltimore, recorder Of crosses,
and Miss Medora Jones, Pooles-
vile, chaplain.
The Washington times., 1930-10-23
Army Orders

Leave of absence is granted
to each Of the following-named
officers: Col. Frank c. Burnett,
Adjutant Generals Department.
20 days; Second Lieut.. Harlie H.
Parks, two months.
Major John T. McLane, Third
Cavalry, to Fort Sam Houston,
Tex; Lieut.. Col. Ralph Met
Pennell, General Staff Corps, to
Fort Sam Houston, Tex; Major
Arthur H. Nylen, Medical Corps,
to Fort Benning. Ca; First Lieut..
John B. Luscombe, QuartermaS-
ter Corps, to Panama Canal De-
partment; First Lieut.. Frank F.
Taylor, jr., Quartermaster Corps,
to Quartermaster depot. Philadel-
phia, Pa: Major William F.
Burns, Judge Advocate Generals
Department, 20 Panama Canal
Department; First Lieut.. Howard
II. Newman, ir., Coast Artillery
Corps, to Panama Canal Depart
ment; Second Lieut.. Paul A. JAG
card, Coast Artillery Corps, to
Ninth Coast Artillery, Fort War
ren. Mass.
Major Adolph T. GiIhus, Medi.
cal Corps, to Fort Winfield Scott,
Calf.
Major John M. Weiss, Medical
Corps, to Fort Worden. Wash.
ington.
The Washington times., 1930-10-23
WALDORF ROAD
OPENS SOON

UPPER MARLBORO, Md, Oct.
23. - Improvement Of the road
from Mattawoman Swamp to
Waldorf will be completed by the
end of next week with new
asphalt coating, according to
Joseph Chaney, district engineer.
Work on the road began early
last spring when new concrete
shoulders were laid over the three.
mile highway.
The work was done at a total
cost of $45, 1885, Of which $40, ,235
was spent for the asphalt coating
and $4,000 for shoulders.
Repair work on the bridge over
Brooks Greek on the Leonard
own-Hollywood Road will begin
within the next 10 days, Mr..
Clancy announced. The founda-
tions Of the bridge were under.
mined by heavy rains last spring,
rendering it unsafe for traffic.
A temporary bridge has been in
use since that time. The work
viii be done at a total cost of
$4,274.
Right of way for a two-mile
gravel road from Oakville to
Sand Gate has just been secured
by the State Roads Commission.
Construction Of the road was
begun, subject to right Of way,
The Washington times., 1930-10-23
Hunters Shoot Many
TurkeuS on Potomac

CUMBERLAND, Md, Oct. 23.-
Many wild turkeys are being shot
in the mountains bounding the
South Branch Valley of the
Potomac. DR.. Clyde n. Neill and
Otis Eddy each got fine one
near Moorefield. Harry Emmart,
Of Keyser, shot a big young
gobbler.
Manus Waugh shot a fine
specimen in the mountains near
Berkeley Springs. DR.. Fred E.
Hess, hunting near Aurora, not
far from Oakland, Md, killed an
11.pound wild turkey.