davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HAsKIN.

compressed air at the proper time. He
enlisted the aid of manufacturers and
after some experimentation brought out
the most economical heat engine that
had ever been produced.
N. e +. How &. is a surf board ma0s'-
A. surf board should be feet
long, 80 inches wide and inch thick.
1t should be made Of a light wood like
white pine, white cedar or spruce. A
rope for steering should be placed on
the side about Is inches from the front.
@. Is there any way of preventing
insects in window boxes?-R. N.
A. Whitewashing the inside Of boxes
before filling them in the Spring will
help to keep out insects and prevent
rotting of the boxes.
@. Why was the system used to help
slaves to freedom called the Under
ground Railway?-M. Y.
A. The name arose from the exag-
gerated use of railway terms in refer
ence to the conduct OF the system. Levi
Coffin and Robert PurviS were the presi-
dents of the road. Various routes were
known as lines, stopping places were
called stations, those who aided the
system we're called conductors, and the
slaves were referred to as packages or
freight The system reached from Ken
lucky and Virginia across Ohio, and
from Maryland across Pennsylvania and
New York or New England.
Q. Into how many languages has
THE Pilgrims Progress" been trans
lated?-M. D.
A. John Bunyan,s popular alIegory
has been translated into rs languages
and dialects.
u. Who invented the streamline
shell?-I. r.
A. The stresmline proiectile was de-
veloped and first perfected by an Eng
l1shman, Sir Joseph Whitworth. in 1866.
The French have used the streamline
projectile since 1893. It was used by
this country during the World War.
@. What portion of the immigrants
who come to this country live in the
citieS?-J. c.
A. 1t is estimated that nearly so
per cent Of the immigrants live at least
temporarily in the cities of the United
States.
Q. What is the area of the Canal
zone?-S. B.
a The Canal Zone embraces 54s
square miles.
Q. Were the Greeks and Romans
astir later or earlier than people of to-
| day?-T. w. B.
A. Both peoples were busy much ear
lier In the day than we are.
Q. What Is the record for attendance
at the Magnolia Gardens in Charles
| ton?-J. d.
A. About $4,000 people 60 there each
season, and the record for one day was
established in 1929, when there were
$500 admissions.
@. What is the difference between n
| mutual insurance company and a re-
ciprocal insurance company?-J. M. H.
A. A mutual insurance company is an
organization owned and controlled by
its pol1cyholders. All profits are shared
among its owners, who are ana can onlv
be policyholders. A reciprocal insur-
ance company is an organization work
Ing through an attorney yin fact, to
whom Is given the power to handle ali
OF the insurance.
@. What is the local name for Copen.
hagen?-S. j. H.
| A. Kobenhavn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Steamboat Invention
Controversy Renewed
From the Seattle DAILY Times.

From the Seattle Daily Times.
Although 80 years have passed since
the electors of the Hall of Fame gave q
place to Robert Fulton among America S
famous men and women, movement
has been started to remove his name OF
to give equal rank to Lieut.. John Fitch
gunSmith in the Colonial Army, as the
inventor of the steamboat.
The campaign to perpetuate the name
Of Fitch is sponsored by the Fitch Fam
lily Association of America. That or
ganization contends that Lieut.. Fitch
used steam to propel a boat more than
20 years before Fulton proved the eff
fectiveness Of the Clermont on the Hud-
son River.
1t is we'll known that Fitch made a
successful trial of a small steamboat in
the Delaware River at Philadelphia in
1875. However, nothing came of the
invention. His supporters fell away,
and various miSfortunes befell the in
ventor. In 1893 he went to France to
construct a steamboat. but his plans
were frustrated by the revolution. Dis
couraged by his bad luck, he later took
his own life.
The trial of Fulton's Clermont in 1907
was followed by practical achievements
The, use of the steamboat as a convey
ance for passengers and freight spread
rapidly. II Fulton did not invent the
steamboat, it cannot be denied that he
proved its efficiency.
The controversy over the honor of
inventing the steamboat recalls that
over the discovery of ether as an anes-
thetic. The records show that DR..
Crawford w. Long used ether in a sur
gical operation at Athens, Ga, in 1912
The achievement was not reported In a
public way In 1916 DR.. W. T. q
Morton used ether in an operation per-
formed in Boston hospital. The re-
suits were given to the world, and DR..
Morton now has a niche in the Hall of
Fame as the discoverer of the we'll
known anesthetic. The controversy
over credit for the discovery of anes-
thesia is similar in most respects to
that over the honor of inventing the
steamboat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Nye Heads "slush" Committee.

The Senate's campaign expenditures
committee has finally been
completed. Three of the appointees to
the committee originally selected by
Vice President Curtis, Senator Hiram
johnson of California, Senator Pitt
man Of Nevada and Senator Colds
borough of Maryland, asked to be re-
lieved. A fourth appointee, Senator
Bingham Of Connecticut, declined to
serve. In their places Senator Nye of
North Dakota, Senator Dill of Wash
ington and Senator Dale of Yer.
pOnt have been named end have &C.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
The capone- Moran Crime Trust.

Ever since "Scarface" Capone, Chi
cago gang leader, got out Of Phtla-
delphia prison where he had been spend
ing some time for a pistol-carrying
conviction, on the expiration of his
term, it has been expected that he
would take refuge in Florida from his
enemies, rival gangsters, competitors in
the game of racketeering, who had
sworn to take him for a ride. But he
has fingered on in Chicago, where he
went at first after slipping out Of jail,
and much mystery has attended his
movements. He seemed to be challeng-
ing reprisal, to be daring" his enemies.
Now the nlvstery is solved, By an an
nouncement that CapQpe has effected .
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Many readers send in questions. signed
only with initials, asking that the
answers appear in the newspaper. The
space is limited and would not accom-
modate fraction of such requests. Inc
answers published are ones that may
interest many readers rather than the
one who asks the question only. All
questions should be accompanied oy
the writer's name and address and
cents in coin or stamps for reply. SEND
your question to The Evening Star In
formation Bureau, Frederic j. Haskin,
director, Washington, d. G.
@. What causes most of the business
failureS?-E. c.
A. Bradstreet's lists-these reasons as
the causes of failures in 1922 Incom-
petence. 6,19l; inexperience, 974; lack
of capital, 1925; unwise credits, 412;
failures of others, 295: extravaganza, 50;
neglect. 172; competition, 1853; specific
conditions, 3,073; speculation, So; fraud,
1872. Total, 1903.
@. Why is there no provision for
another Vice President when the office
becomes vacant through death of the
Vice President or because the Vice
President becomes President?-E. w.
A. The Constitution does not pro-
vide for the filling of the office. The
duties, however, are cared for by the
President pro tenn of the Senate and
the succession to the presidency Is
arranged for.
Q. When did grapefruit first appear
IN the markets in the United States?-
F. M S.
A. 1t was about 1898. 1t was at least
10 years before it became popular.
@. Why didn't the eclipse of the sun
in 1925 occur at the time 1t was ex
pected?-L. S.
A. At the total eclipse of the sun in
1925 the moon was one second of arc
behind her predicted place, causing the
eclipse to be five seconds late.
@. Where is the largest drug store in
the world?-G. T.
A. The largest is probably the one in
Geneva, Switzerland, which employs
more than 400 people has zoe, 900 Gus
toners from all parts of Europe and
does an annual business of more than
81 900 600.
@. Who composed Listen to the
Mocking Bird"?-B. r. C..
A. The tune was composed by Rich
aAd hAAUuLH LIE SVOTy Is bI1aL sep
timus Wenner induced Milburn to
whistle this piece while Wenner wrote
1t down. The song was afterward pub
lished by Mr.. Wennsr in Philadelphia
in 1855. 1t is interesting to know that
the 1855 edition of the song reads.
Listen to the Mocking Bird; Music
written by Richard Milburn, Words by
Alice Hawthorne" Alice Hawthorne
was one of the pSeudonyms used by
Mr.. Wenner.
@. What did Diesel contribute to
the internal combustion engine?-
r. A. B.
A. During the last decade of the
nineteenth century DR.. Rudolf Diesel
of Leipzig brought out an internal COM
bustion engine which involved in its
operation a principle that had never
before been applied in practical me-
chanics DR.. Diesel understood the
value of high compression and conceived
the idea of mixing the fuel and air at
the very moment when power is needed
for the working stroke. He came to
the conclusion that cheap, low-grade
oils could be utilized as fuel If intro
duced into a highly heated charge OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHLANDER JOHNSON.


The Years Unrest.
We talked of cheer sometime last year
When snow began to fly
We'd gayly say, IAN April day
Will greet us by and by'
But April cool said april fool!"
For joyousness we try.
A warmer glow ere long we'll know.
Some day We'll have July.
And then we'll shout-"Oh, please bring
out
Ablizzard as of yore."
The seasons change brings yearnings
strange
For what we next deplore.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

It is estimated that billions of dol
lars worth of liquor was consumed prior
to prohibition. It is also insinuated
that liquor now consumed is not worth
nearly so much, although it costs con-
Siderably more,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Morbid interest magnifies the appar-
ent Importance of each homicide. Yet
it must be remembered that a single
murder mystery does not constitute q
crime wave.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Bids for the yacht Mayhower are re-
garded Is too low to be considered. In
the meantime ex-President Coolidge
buys q comfortable home and appears
perfectly content to establish himself
as q confirmed landsman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

The citizen may at least congratulate
himself on the fact that making q CEN
sus return is not as dif11cult an under
taking as filling out an income tax re-
turn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

1t is the duty Of the President of the
United States to toss the first ball at
the opening game. What the home
team will do with the ball after that
is purely a matter Of conjecture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
What Does Camera Like?

From the Dayton Daily News.
Now that we've found out that Rudy
Vallee likes corn beef and cabbage we
expect to hear that Jack Dempsey is
training on cream puffs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Must Learn New Yell.

From the Indianapolis Star.
Knox and Lombard Colleges have
voted to consolidate, which means that
lot of students will have to learn q
new college yell.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Request far Considerntiou

Old Satan said, "It would be right
Toward me to be somewhat polite.
While precepts kind will often fail
On erring nlortals to prevail,
have a stouter argument;
I threaten blazing punishment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Unemployment.
"Of course, man like you does not
have to worry about unemployment"
"On the contrary" answered Senator
Sorghum, "it keeps me busy campaign
ing to avoid losing the only occupation
that really feel able to carry on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Rare Zeal for Work.

From the San Antonio Express.
An Oklahoma youth who stole chickens
to buy overallS has been paroled. Such
rare zsal for work clothes docs deserve
consideration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Homicides have become so frequent
that it is no longer necessary for any
community to go very far out Of its
own city limits for big mystery story.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Jud Tunkins says he can't see the use
of discovering new planets when there
are no transportation facilities to satisfy
your curiosity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Law Forbids Drinking Cinge,
from the Charlotte News.

from the Charlotte News.
They have passed q law AGAINST
drinking Jamaica ginger In Mississinni
which will probably mean a Violent IN.
crease In the addictS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
A prize for rhetorical beauty.

Oar is q little importance for every
body" said Uncle Eben. mo person is
so no count dat he don't make enc
les as big as anybody in de census"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Beauty Contest.

Experience teaches that girls can make
speeches,
And modernly deem 1t duty
A contest to offer where people will
nrOf7ar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Demonstration of FiliaI Love.

From the Savannah Morning News.
That father who spanked his son
with a $4,000 violin certainly loved his
boy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
Rate by MaIl-Payable IN Advance.
MARYLAND and XiRnfnia
Am Other States and Canad;

Member Of the Associated Press.
The Associated Press - exclusively entitled
TO the use for republication OF all news dis
patches credited to IL or not otherwise cred
tied IN this paper and also the lycal news
published herein. All rights Of publication Of
special dispatches herein are also reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Rate by Carrier Within the City.
The Evening Star ........,.4s csc or month
when ! sundaysC 80. :, soc per month
The Evening and Sunday Star
Ivhen SundayD ........ Csc per month
The Sunday Star ,.,.....,.....5 SC per copy
Collection made at the end Of each month.
Orders may be sent IN by mail or telephone
National 5000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

The Evening Star Newspaper COmE any
Business once:
nth st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York once: Ito East 12nd 30.
CHICAGO once Lake Michigan Buildins.
European once: IL Resent ST.. London
EnGland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Probably never in the long fight be-
tween capital and labor in America has
the political issue been drawn In terms
of such vivid personifications as Joe"
Grundy and Jim" Davis. The Penn
sylvaria Republican senatorial nomina-
ton duel, which will be fought TO q I'm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

@. What is the area of the Canal
zone?-S. B.
A. The Canal Zone embraces SAC
square miles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

'Favors," said Hi Ho, the sage Of
Chinatown, should never be forgotten
and ingratitudes should never be re-
membered."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18
MonoIogist Appreciated.

"You often buy things you don't ex-
actly need"
Eyes," answered the amiable lady.
when a capable salesman appears,
whether think much Of his wares or
not, feel as If so good a naonologue
ought to be worth something"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Q. Were the Greeks and Romans
astir later or earlier than people of to-
day?-T. w. B.
A. Both peoples were busy much ear
lier in the day than we are.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Q. What is the local name for Copen-
hagen?-S. j. H.
A. Kobenhavn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

Q. What is the record for attendance
at the Magnolia Gardens in Charles
ton?-J. D.
A. About $4,000 people 60 there each
season, and the record for one day was
established in 1929, when there were
$500 admissions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-18

(Copyrisht, 1880.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

tory Jail sentence for persons who sell
liquor to minors.
1t creates fund of $4,000 for the use
of policemen and their secret workers
in gathering evidence of prohibition vio-
lations.
It provides that, even though liquor is
seized under an invalid warrant, it shall
not be returned if it can be shown that
the owner acquired it unlawfully.
POLICE PENALTY PROVIDED
It provides that any policeman who fails
to enforce the act shall be fined from 500
to $500 and ther discharged from the
force
In addition, of course, it provides pen
a1ties for the sale, possession, manufacture
and transportation of liquor.
Senator Howell, says the Washington
Post expects his bill to be enacted, but
he does nat expect that it will have alto
gether smooth sailing. THE question is
this" he said. do we really want to
make Washington a model enforcement
city or not? It we do, we will have to
have an enforcement law with teeth in
it."
HOME RAIDS MOST SEVERE PART
The "tooth" that is going to cause the
biggest controversy, Senator Howell con-
ceQeS, is the provision covering the Qe-
livery Of liquor to private homes
On this point, the Volstead act reads
as follows:
mo search warrant shall issue to
search any private dwelling occupied as
such unless it is being used for the I'M
lawful sale Of intoxicating liquor"
Senator Howell put this in his bill, but
to it he added these words: Cor still or
distilling apparatus is unIawfully set up
or being used therein, or Intoxicating
liquor is unlawfully delivered thereto or
removed therefrom."
When Senator Howell sent the bill to
Attorney General Mitchell, the latter dis
approved the additional words, holding
that they were too drastic, but Senator
Howell kept them in anyway.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01
WHAT ABOUT TT?

Are times hard? Is money
"close?" Is the country's prosperity
a myth? Some say we are in
panic and some say we are having
good times. Well, at any rate, in
1929 no less than 5,358,361 automo-
biles were produced, total of nearly
100000 more than the total of
1923. Optimists point to this as
showing prosperity while pessimists
point to it as showing Americans are
spendthrifts.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

JANUARY 80 = It was announced that
open hearings on the repeal of prohibition
are to be held by the house judiciary
committee, starting Feb. IL, and an out
side chance now looms that congress may
direct the Hoover law enforcement COM
mission to report what changes, it any,
it believes are needed in the dry laws and
the present system of dealing with the
modern whisky rebellion
January 90, Chairman Graham, of this
key committee on prohibition legislation,
consented to the open hearings on seven
similar repeal proposals, long pending.
While the wet bloc has no hope of winning
favorable action at this time, the oppor-
tunity to present the repeal argument is
regarded as an important gain.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

Mr. Hoover, in recent address, said:
''The purpose of the Eighteenth Amend
ment is to protect the American home. A
sacred obligation is imposed on the Presi-
dent to secure it's honest enforcement and
eliminate the abuses which have grown up
around it; wish it to succeed"
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01
Prohibition Enforcement to the Fore in Congress


the chief topic debate in both House and Senate the Senators
question considering
eachda the prohbit
gestu
The faToui
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

Representative A. Piatt Andrew went
before the judiciary committee with his
bill appropriating $1,O0oO00 for commits
sion, clothing it with the hitherto lacking
power Of subpoena, and directing that it
Enquire into and report to congress at
the earliest practicable date what changes,
if any, are necessary or desirable in the
system Or dealing with Intoxicating liquors
in the United States or in the laws relat-
ing thereto"
Andrew and others think it may be ia
vorably reported. Attempts to get the
president to instruct his commission to
go into the dry law fundamentals came
to nothing and the Andrew Dill is designed
to get congress to act instead
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

Arrangements were completed to begin
HEARINGS before the House Expenditures
Committee January %, when it was ex-
pected that Secretary Andrew w. Mellon,
Prohibition Commissioner James NJ Doran
and probably William Mitchell, Attorney
General, will appear in support of the Will
hanson bill to transfer the prohibition en-
forcement unit from the Treasury to the
Justice Department.
In the Senate, the Judiciary Subcommit-
tee considering the King measure to effect
the same transfer, also plans to hold hear
ings with Messrs. Mellon, Mitchell, Wick
ersham and Pound as witnesses
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

Congressman Siroyich, of New York,
dramatically declared that he believed
there were 100000 spealleasies in New York
city alone He painted a picture Of graft
and corruption in Federal enforcement in
the metropolis and demanded congress
sional committee to investigate Federal
prohibition administration there
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

Representative Louis c. Cramton, Mich
igan, defended on the floor the use of wood
alcohol for industrial purposes.
Cramton said the use of any other but
wood alcohol for industrial purposes would
not only fail to protect the government in
prohibition enforcement, but would bring
havoc in industry.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

JANUARY IS George w Wickersham.
chairman of President Hoover's Commits
sion on Law Observance and Engagement.
defended the commissions proposal that
United States commissioners be empower
ed TO deal with minor violations of the
prohibition law. after an attack January Ii
by members of Congress, who held that
the change would be step toward deny
ing the right of trial by jury.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

JANUARY 22-Secretary of the Treasury
Mellon read to the House Expenditures
Committee a prepared statement approx
ing the Williamson bill to effect the trans
fer from the Treasury of responsibility for
Volstead enforcement, in which he insisted
that the Justice Department could better
accomplish the task.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

not Intoxicating, and, therefore, not con-
trary to the prohibition of the Eighteenth
Amendment against Intoxicating" bever-
ages.
Moving for a showdown on the 2.75 beer
proposition, Dyer also asked the House Jul
dietary Committee, of which he is a rank
ing Republican member, to conduct public
hearings, SO that Psychologists and other
experts may testify
To George w. Wickersham, chairman Of
the Law Enforcement Commission, Dyer
wrote, asking the Commission to deter
mine:
First, what is the alcoholic limit that
could be tolerated in full compliance with
the constitutional prohibition of the Eight
zenith Amendment?
Second, whether such adjustment of
the National Prohibition Act to conform
with the constitutional prohibition would
be benefit in actual prohibition enforce
ment?"
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

JANUARY 17-Senators Borah of Idaho,
Norris, of Nebraska, and Sheppard, of Tex
as, declared that they were ready for a
vote on the resolution. Blaine decided that
he did not want to expose the vets to the
test Drys were eager to demonstrate the
overwhelming dry sentiment in the Senate.
The American issue. [volume] (Westerville, Ohio) 1912-19??, 1930-02-01

JANUARY 17-Congressman Stafford, of
Wisconsin, made a ferVent appeal for re-
turn to the beer that made Milwaukee
famous"