Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-02-09
CONTINUED From Third Page)

manent Court of International Justice, >
including the establishment of the court
Is contained in the document. 1t also
provides the names and addresses Of pri-
| vate societies in Great Britain with
, peace programs, in all Al. The publ
cation of selected arbitration treaties OF
Great Britain are valuable part of the
documents reference material.
During the year 1910 President Taft
| opened negotiations with Sir Edward
Gray, British secretary of state for for
eign affairs, for the purpose of conclud-
ing new arbitration agreement of a
broader scope than the one which had
been signed two years before. On Au-
gust 3, 1911, identic treaties were signed
by the United States with Great Britain
| and France, respectively. They stipu-
lated that all justiciable questions should
be settled in the future by arbitration,
either in the Permanent Court of Arbi-
tration or by special tribunals to be
created.
New Treaty Advances Peace.
ION September Is, 1914, Great Brit
ain and the United States signed a new
treaty for the advancement of peace. 1t
called for the creation of a permanent
international commission of five persons
to deal with all disputes that might arise
between the two contracting parties for
the settlement of which no agreement
had yet been made in other treaties.
From September Is, 1924, to April
ID, 1918, covering the greater part of
the World War period, England signed
only one new arbitration agreement. On
November Is, 1914. treaty was signed
with Portugal identical In its provisions
with the earlier one of 1904. There were
in addition several old pactS which were
renewed during that interval of approx
mately three and half years.
The postwar period has witnessed
the conclusion Of considerable number
Of new arbitration pacts among the ma
tions Of the world.
Negotiating New Pact.
"One of the most interesting treaties
Of arbitration which Great Britain has
ever negotiated was signed with Uruguay
on April Is, 1913 and has not been reg
iStered with the league secretariat.
1T is understood that the govern
ments Of Great Britain and the United
States are now negotiating a new arbi-
tration treaty, which will be modelled
upon the Franco-American pact signed
on February 6, 1928. Such an agree
ment would provide for the Cancellation
OF all disputes which do not (a) come
within the domestic Jurisdiction of one
Of the parties. (b) involve third parties,
fc) affect the Monroe Doctrine and
I'D affect the obligations Of England
under the covenant Of the League of
Nations.
ANY controversy of a legal nature
which the commission of Cancellation
deals with, but cannot settle, would be
submitted to the Permanent Court Of
Arbitration at The Hague.
Pledged Not to Resort to War.
ION April 4, 1919, England signed
with Brazil pact in which the parties
agreed to submit to the investigation
Of permanent commission, which will
give the report thereon. all difficulties
of an international character which
may arise between them and cannot be
directly resolved by diplomatic means
and which do not fall within the terms
of arbitration convention in force be-
tween the two countries. They further
agree not to declare war the one against
the other, not to commence hoStilities
until the result of such investigation
shall be submitted
"A Cancellation agreement also was
formed by Great Britain with Chile and
signed on March %, 1919
Prom the foregoing discussion it
appears that England has not been a
party to extensive treaties of arbitra-
ton and Cancellation. She has, how
ever, been foremost among the nations
in the frequency with which she has
submitted controversies to pacific
processes of solution. We may conclude,
therefore, that the attitude Of England
has been highly favorable to arbitra-
ton and Cancellation, a policy that has
been revealed primarily in her treat
ment Of specific disputes as they have
occurred rather than by a comprehen-
sive system of treaties with other
nations.
THE signing of the optional clause
of the World Court protocol In 1929,
to be discussed in the following chapter,
marks new departure in British
policy, involving as it does an impor-