davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-23
HUGE TOTAL SEEN
IN COST Of ROADS
Nations Paving Bills Under
Survey in Connection With
Economic Demands.
BY LANES w. BROOKS

Director American Highway Educational
Bureau.
In the readjustments now taking place
throughout the country, financial and
otherwise, a question is forming In the
public mind as to whether In all cases
the people are getting their money S
worth in economic roads and streets
and if not, why?
The nations paving bill, in municipal.
county and state units, has of necessity
grown to an enormous total. and in
casting about for places where savings
may be affected, the public, as repre-
scented by the taxpayer, is beginning to
scrutinize with greater care the main
tenance costs Of transportation floors
around population centers.
Question for Taxpayers.
In connection with this question,
there are indications that taxpayers are
beginning to sense the fact that paving
expediences do not pay, and that, es-
pecially around built-up communities, the
most expensive construction at the out
set is in reality the least expensive In
the end, when gagged by upkeep costs.
The tendency, therefore, it appears, Is
to build better, even at greater cost, to
get more lasting results.
1t has taken some time to get the
maintenance account of public paving
books in understandable shape, due 10
the fact that there was not sufficient
comparative material with which 10
set up the account. Even when SUFFICIENT
data began to accumulate as the result
of costly experience, the public has been
RI ffIrF
because the results did not con-
form to pre-cast notions of what a
road or street should cost. The hoof
instead of the motor-driven wheel, in
too many instances, has continued un-
consciously to be the rule Of measure
ment in determining surface wear.
But SUFFICIENT upkeep items have now
been secured to establish the mainten-
ance account In comparative form to
serve as dependable guide for future
construction.
Engineering Experience Sought.
In thus taking stock of their invest
ment In road and street properties,
there is tendency on the part Of tax
payers to draw more heavily upon the
fund of engineering experience which
has been gained in the fruitless effort
to At low maintenance to low-type sur
racing, ana instead TO direct future
work from the angle OF high-type cor
struction to insure not only low-cost
maintenance but increased length Of
service.
Engineering science as applied to
road and street construction Is consid-
erably ahead of public knowledge, and
there are strong Indications that in the
decade now beginning, pre-cast notions
of economy in the building of f1imsy and
disintegrating roads and streets in
built-up communities will be discarded.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-23
RUBBER REAL FACTOR
IN AUTO INDUSTRY
Recently Discovered to Be Struc-
tural Material of Value in Ad.
dition to Use in Tires.

Vulcanized rubber is unique among
materials Of construction. It resembles
a liquid in that it is almost non-com-
pressible. 1t resembles a gas in that
work done on it is converted partly into
heat.
Although rubber has been used for
automobile tires from the beginning, the
automotive industry has only recently
really discovered" rubber as a structural
material Sixty-flve specific uses TO
which rubber is now being applied in
motor vehicles are enumerated In this
paper. These include parts for absorb
ing and dampening vibration, for
deadening noise, for eliminating metal
lie joints or protecting them, for
electrical insulation, for protecting parts
against wear, and the like.
The automobile builds and enlarges
cities, benefiting railroads. steel mills,
supply houses, contractors, laborers-
every form Of industry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-23
ROADS
DESCRIBED BY ENGINEER
Is Classed as Highway That "Goes
Into Tantrums" When Weather
Conditions Are Unfavorable.

Temperamental roads are becoming
taboo, according to julius Adler, con-
sulting highway engineer Of Philadel-
phia. Mr. Adler explains that tenn
peramental road is one that performs
we'll when all conditions are right, and
goes into a tantrum, so to speak, when
something goes wrong, which may be
due to weather conditions, the action
Of frost, water seeping underneath,
weak foundation, or when the roads
surface becomes "jumpy" or bumpy
under the constant pounding of trafiic
Surface dependability at the outset,
which may be insured by the use Of
vitrifled brick, for example, is the only
guarantee TO the motorists that their
license fee and gas tax money Is going
into a road that will meet present day
demands for smooth, easy and depend"
able car driving. -.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-23
Dock LabOrers Own
Ancient LimOusines
Rich Men Discarded
specitl pispatch to rhe Star.

Special Dispatch 70 The star.
BALTIMORE, March 22-What has
become of what 10 or more years ago
were the limousines of richest families,
which they discarded in favor of new
models?
A tour along the water front, where
sheas are being unloaded and loaded,
seems to suggest that most of these
discarded models have been bought by
Negro longshoremen.
Any day at the entrance to the
docks at Locust Point colored steve
dores can be seen riding to work in
huge automobiles of ancient vintage
that once took the best families to the
theater, to the bank and Office.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-23
AUTO OUTPUT INCREASES
Gain Over January Figures Shown
Last Month,

February production factory sales) Of
motor vehicles in the United States, as
reported TO the Department of Com
merce, was $780, 62, Of which 275, 811 were
passenger cars, 4T,12e trucks, and 1922
taxicabs, as compared with 273, ITO pas
senger cars, trucks and taxicabs in JAM
uay and ass, 4iS in February, 1929.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-23
WHERE TO MOTOR AND DINE
The larry Tavern

Two Miles From Mt. Vernon
On the Richmond to Washington Highway
Famous for its Fried Chicken & Waf-
fle Dinners, Hot Biscuits & Honey
Mrs. M. r. Brown. Hostess. Phone LortOn 3-H
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-23
Good Advice.

Never shift your mouth into high
gear until you are sure your brain Is
turning over.--From the Boston Bean
Dot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-16

the work without FIRST obtaining permission
from Congress. In consequence, the market
was turned over 10 . private corporation.
THE washington Market Co was chartered
by an act of Congress approved May 40.
1870, and subsequently erected the present
group Of buildings at Center Market Add
tional to erecting suitable buildings On the site,
which was leased TO It for Q period Of 50 years.
the washington Market Co. agreed to purchase
all privately owned buildings and equipment
then on the grounds But while the company
was negotiating with the owners old Center
Market yielded up the ghost ON December 10.
1870 In q fire that literally swept 1t on the
face Of the earth. All units Of the City FIRE
Department responded to the alarms valiantly
to Quench the blaze but the cid wooden build
ing burned like rosin. Aside from the fact
that two men persisted in the fire, and that the
financial loss was quite heavy, no one seemed
moved to shed tears over the ashes. wash
ingtonians had long wanted the eyesore re-
moved; that the fire had accomplished to per-
lection in a few hours. Besides timely de-
struction of the old buildings not only spared
the washington Market Co the expense Of
razing and clearing them of the site, but re-
heved it Of its obligation to pay for any Of the
privately owned property. According to
Scotch proverb tits an i'll wind that blows
naebody gude;;" and, as far rs the company
was concerned, the hre occurred at most
opportune time
On July 2, 1872. amid flying cOlors, rafting
drums haring and flights of OratOry, the new
Center Market was formally opened to the
public. The occasion was proclaimed q gala
day and thousands of visitors came to particle
pate in the memorable celebration. WASH
ingtonians were justly proud of the transfOr-
nation which Center Market Square had UNI
dergone. Then too they had access to the
largest and most conveniently arranged mar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-16

Market, or Mash Market, because IL was situated
on marshy grounds and the adjoining territory
was ofttimes under water. Old-ttmers have
noted that wild game was plentiful in the
swamp at the rear Of Center Market, and that
baying hounds and booming firearms were not
uncommon in that vicinity. Game killed in
the swamp was dressed on the spot and sold
at the market. Likewise, large numbers of
fish that were enSnaTed In seines IN shallow
pudCiles left On the market grounds when high
water caused by spring freshets receded.
In ante bellum days Center Market, sur
rounded by fringe Of colOred farmers sprawl
ing laxily in their wagons and OK carts. reflected
the real atmosphere Of the old South. Old
fashioned black mammies, wearing bright-col-
ored bandanna handkerchiefs on their heads
and smoking homespun tobacco IN long -stemmed
clay pipes, lent q colorful background to the
scene as they presided over their garden truck
at the Virginia and the Maryland ends of the
market Then most of the farm produce was
brought IN on wagons and carts, drawn BY
yokes Of oxen, which maintained their poky,
ambling gait despite the loud swapping of the
Slave-drivers whips.
AS the years went by Center Market Jagged
behind other Washington buildings; which, in
truth, were nothing to brag about In 1856 a
movement got under way to huTl the unsightly
shacks from the grounds and to erect thereon
fine market house $50 feet long with a
grand central entrance set on with an ex-
quisite clock tower, but the project died a-born-
ing Then Congress approved an act IN 1860
granting the City of Washington authority to
borrow $500 900 with which to construct a new
market house. and brick structure was begun
in 1864. The footings were already in place
and the brick walls were rising above the
ground when Congress exercised its prerogative
and halted the work because the two-year time
limit Of the enabling act had expired. But that
not the real reason; not by jugful. The
city officials had had the audacity to start
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-16

sheer necessity. unique feature Of his plan
was the connection Of five grand fountains with
the never-failing springs in the District, lin
tended with constant spout Of water" and so
placed that each section would be supplied with
q fountain. Center Market square was desig
mated as the location for one fountain. ApprO-
priating ~ pieces Of ground within the Federal
City IN 1877, President Washington designated
reservation No. as the site for q center market,
and the Oficial document to which he AIMED
his signature described In detail the established
boundaries Of the market grounds. The square,
which was part Of the famous David Burns
farm contained slightly more than two acres.
valued at $66.5O an acre.
The frame buildings at old Center Market
were constructed on the extenSible plan, de-
signed to form three sid&s Of an oblong square.
Additions were built at frequent intervals and
sheds 500 feet long for the sale of vegetables
were added in 1857. In the forties q strenuous
effort was made to have q second story added
for use as q convention hall, but the project
failed to materialize. Washingtonians lamented
IN later years that the main market house was
virtually hidden from view by heterogeneous
array of tumble down Shacks. But, as one
historian Of the period observed, they paid rent
to the city, and that that row Of ramShackle
huts was one Of the Districts principal sources
Of revenue.
business at Center Market seems to have
kept pace with the increase in population.
Butchers apparently waxed more prosperous
than did other stall keepers: for 1t is recorded
that the heads Of many prominent and sub
stantial families IN Washington got their start
In the world pushing meat to Center Market
In o wheelbarrow And o recent check-up
showed that meat stalls were still in the
majority.
During the first half century of its existence
Center Market was commonly known as Marsh
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20

Old York Hall at Yorktown, Va,
which was occupied by Lord Cornwall
lis as his headquarters during the siege
of Yorktown in 1881. The Stratford
Garden committee has arranged to
have this and numerous other historic
houses open to visitors during the
week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-20

At right: The
h o u S e a n d
grounds at Old
Lyn n h a v e n.
RI 81 n a lily
known as the
Thorough good
House, it was
built by Adam
Thorough good
about 1884, and
is said to be the
oldest brio k.
house in Amer
lea.
The Washington times., 1930-07-07
Quiz Starts in Plane
Crash Fatal to TlUO

RUTHVEN, Iowa, July Z
uN.S0 An inquest was ordered
today into a plane crash which re-
suited yesterday in the death of a
pilot and his mechanic and prob
able fatal injury to girl pas
senger.
The dead we're Ernest South
worth. Is. and Kenneth Wilson.
21.. Vera Hughes, IT, suffered
critical injuries in the crash,
which occurred when the plane
fell from a low altitude while Gid
ing in for a landing. The planes
landing gear caught in telephone
wires.
The Washington times., 1930-07-07
STORM RAVAGES
new ENGLAND

BOSTON. July IA cloud
burst, accompanied by terrific
thunder and lightning and many
deaths, swept over Massachusetts,
last night.
-Four houses at Marblehead
were 'leveled by wind, trees on
the estate Of Governor Frank G..
Allen were uprooted. a big anuse-
inent pavilion there was destroyed
by lightning and fire. and much
damage was done to other homes
by lightning.
The town was cut off from
communication outside for hours.
Scores of yachts gathered for q
regatta were scattered by the
wind and their crews endangered,
but no check could be made of
any missing.
Two Brothers Die
At Concord is cows and two
horses were burned In a barn
hit by lightning.
AS the family Of James Deg
nan, of Woburn, Mass, returned
to their home bringing the body
of a son, Joseph, killed in an
automobile crash at Winchester.
Mass, a telegram arrived stating
that another brother, Martin, SO,
a soldier at. Houston, Tex, had
been drowned, at the same hour
his brother. 1000 miles away, was
killed.
Student Kills Self
While his mother was dying at
their home, In Roxbury, tonight,
James McNeill %. jumped from
Harvard Bridge to suicides
death in the Charles River
A soldier at Camp Devens was
hit by lightning. but survived,
though parlyzed.
Lightning Hits Auto
An automobile hit by lightning
at Wakefield, Mass. plunged off
the road. Three were hurt.
Property damage was estimated
at quarter Of a million. Wind
blew SO miles an hour, while the
rain fall in a few hours measured
officially at 3.52 inches.
Cavalier Ralph Di AgoStino,
twenty.fifth day a flag pole sitter,
continued to sit through the
storm at Brockton.
The Washington times., 1930-07-07
Hungry StOIOarays
Turn out to Work

NEW YORK, July 1.-Two Ger.
man stowaways, Karl Engelke
l6. and Hugo Walter. II. consti.
tuted an involuntary addition to
the 24e passengers who arrived
yesterday on the North German
Lloyd liner Stuttgart. The two
boys. driven by pangs Of hunger,
gave themselves up when the ship
was two, days out.
They had hidden in one OF the
hfeboats, but their small store Of
food gave out and rather than
starve for the remainder Of the
voyage, they asked to be put 70
work.
The Washington times., 1930-07-07
Marine Reserves
Camp at Q1anticO

The Twentieth Marine Reserve,
form Washington, today is en-
camped at Quantico for its annual
drill period.
The regiment was inspected by
Gen. Smedley Butler soon after its
tents were pitched. It left Wash
ington yesterday.
Citizens military training units
have opened camps at Quantico,
Fort Eustis, Camp Holabird, Fort
Monroe. Camp Meade and Fort
Myer.
The Washington times., 1930-07-07
PENNSY SETS RECORD

The PENNSYLVANIA Railroad
fleet OF de luxe passenger trains
established o new record In June
Of 90 per cent In one-tine arrivals
at their final terminals.
The Washington times., 1930-07-07
9.sslI: Hardly
Dc. Her Work,

"When | started taking
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound / could hardly do
my housework. Twas so nerv-
Gus and weak from Change of
Life that | had to lie down very
often. | heard about the Vege-
table Compound in a booklet
which was left at my door. l
am doing allthe housework for
a family of four andit keeps me
on my feet. | have taken six
bottles and ! have gained
strength and flesh. Minnie
E. Hicks, R. r. #a, RashVille,
Indiana.
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
June MAY ASK
PARIS DIVORCE

PARIS, Dec. 8 CU.S)-A Paris
decree may free June" the
actress, from her young titled
husband, Lord Inverclyde, whom
she married in 1929, and from
whom the British courts have
denied her a divorce.
June is in Paris and it is re-
ported that she will seek her
freedom here.
It is said that If she appealed
to Scottish courts as suggested
by the English Judge, they would
have no power to enforce a prop
erty settlement. There Is some
speculation as to whether she
will receive any financial benefit
through a French decree.
In her allegation before Justice
Bateson, in London, the former
actress set forth certain technical
points which his lordShip failed
to answer in his defense, simply
contenting himself with pleading
lack Of jurisdiction.
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
BUDD K|DNAPER
BELIEVED HELD

NEW YORK, Dec. 8 W.So'
After two and a half years
search detectives declared To-Day
that they have the real kidnaper
Of Grace Budd in jail at last. he
is Albert Edward Corthell, a man
Of many aliases, who was extra
dited from st. Louis on an indict
ment Tor abduction.
DR.. Corthell will be arraigned
in Central Sessions Court tomor'
row morning and held in high
bail. He claims to have been
licensed physician, graduated
from Harvard, and a son OF a
distinguished Boston family.
Although he denied emphatt
cally that he ever even saw Grace
Budd, he made admissions that
coincided startingly with the facts
in the abduction. Grace, then IL,
was kidnapped by a man who had
answered an advertisement in
serted in a newspaper by her
brother, Edward. The boy, then
16, Sought a job as a farm hand.
The stranger visited the Budd
home, remained overnight and
then took Grace away on pretext
Of taking her to a children's party.
DR.. Corthell admitted that he
was known as Frank Howard, the
name under which the kidnaper
posed in the Budd home.
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
SNOWDEN SEES
TRADE PICKUP

ONDON, Dec. 8 US)
World indications point toward
IAN early lifting Of the clouds OF
trade depression" according to q
view voiced by Philip snowden,
chancellor Of the exchequer. in
an interview today. He said:
"The abnormal volume of un-
employment which has pre-
vailed for the last IL months
Is due, as Mr.. Hoover said I'm
his message to Congress, to
world causes, over which the
country alone has little or no
control.
"FOr instance, many countries
which produce mainly or wholly
primary products depend upon
the prices they get for their
purchasing power Of manufac-
tured goods.
"The tremendous fall in prices
OF these commodities reduced
their purchasing power, and in
deed to o considerable extent,
left their stocks on their hands.
There is bound to be . re-
vfvaI sooner or later, because
the people must have the
goods, and when the demand
sets in, prices will rise"
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
WEATHER DETAILS

For the District Of Columbia--Partly
cloudy today and tomorrow; not much
change in temperature; moderate nortn-
west winds.
For Maryland and virginla-Partly
cloudy today; tomorrow fair; not mucn
change In temperature; fresh northwest
winds.
RIVER CONDITIONS
Potomac and Shenandoah rivers clear
at Harpers Ferry.
LYING WEATHER FORECAST
washington to Long Island ana
Washington to Norfoik-Somewhat over
cast today; moderate northwest winds
in interior and fresh northwest on
the coast up to 1000 feet. and strong
northwest at 5000 feet.
overcast today with risk OF light rain
in mountains in forenoon: moderate
to fresh northwest winds up to 1000
feet, and strong northwest at 5000
nrwruw1 rTNHDEU THTnER
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
Citizen Federation
Will List OddJObs

At a meeting of the Federation
Of Citizens Associations tonight
in the District Building $4,000
unemployment cards will be dis
tributed with a view to deter
mining how many odd jobs are
available in washington.
These cards will, in turn, be
distributed throughout the various
neighborhoods by member asso-
Citations, and any odd jobs will
be assigned to unemployed on the
Federation list.
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
CLUB NOMINATES

Lucien H. Mercier and Charles
r. Huff were nominated for the
office of president of the Thirteen
Club at the meeting of that or
ganization last night at the
willard Hotel. The election win
be held at the next meeting Of
the organization.
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
VATICAN s PLEA
SAVED KAISER

ROME, Dec. 8.-Responsibility
Tor the refusal Of the Dutch
government to turn the exiled
Emperor Of Germany, Kaiser VIII
helm II. over to the allies for
punishment, belongs in a large
measure to Cardinal Pietro Gas
parri, former papal secretary of
state.
Cardinal Gasparr, who retired
from the Vatican to write his
memoirs, related this to a group
OF tntimates tonight.
Makes Inquiry
He declared:
'sIt Is well known that David
Lloyd George, then prime min.
lister Of Great Britain, was
pressing Holland to turn the
former Kaiser over to the al
lied powers, and the Dutch Of.
ficials were undecided on their
course.
II had occasion to receive
the British delegate to the Holy
See and / posed him q ques-
tiOn:
In case Of q war in which
England was neutral, would
Britain give sanctuary to the
escaping sovereign Of the de.
feated country or turn him
over to the victorious nation
for prosecution and possible
The British minister natu-
rally said his government would
not deliver the fleeing monarch
to his foes, and outlined q long
list Of arguments in favor Of
his baiIif."
Saved His Life
That same night, the Cardinal
said, he wired the Papal apostolic
1nternuncio at The Hague, re-
1erTing to his conversation with
the British minister, and asking
the internuncio to communicate
this officially to the Dutch gov
ernment.
This, the Cardinal believes,
saved the life Of the exile Of
Doom.
The alphabetically arranged BUsI-
NESS SERVICE DIRECTORY OF tOday's
Classified Ads will direct you to de-
mGMnRhNm mr. NRRa
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
ADVERTISEMENT

Prices realized on Swift & Company
sales of carcass beef in Washington, d. c.,
for week ending Saturday, December s.
1880, en- shipments sold out, ranged from
400 cents to 21.00 cents per pound and
averaged 1907 cents per pound.
The Washington times., 1930-12-08
Saved His Life

The alphabetically arranged BUSI-
NESS SERVICE DIRECTORY OF tOday's
Classified Ads win direct you to de-
pendablo home or office services.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-11-13
25qo Reductions on Short Lots
Low Prices on New Special Purchases
r/Mai 'Phone or c. o. D. Orders Cannot Be Accepted
on Thrifty Friday Items Due to Small Quantities
Wonderful Savings
in RUGS

IN Rugs
"a PALISADE VET
RUGS, 9x12, 8.3x10.6; were
ss7:5O' Friday $21.75
"a MALABAR WILTON
RU GS, S.3x1O.6; originally
$500. Friday $44.5O
(4) CHENILLE RUGS, AK
SO, slightly soiled;
originally $3.50. Fri 60 0E
day only .......... %6s6~
IN ARABY WILTON RUG.
s.3xlo.e; originally G31 or
SIS. Friday only. %~A'~O
(I) IMPERIAL X Ar MAX
RUG, s.3x1o.6; was GQ7 IN
Sis. Friday only %OS'OO
Isl RUBBER DOOR MATS;
were 1895 to $3.50: 60 2E
Friday only 49,. %AsAO
13O SO. YDS.) INLAID
LINOLEUM REMNANTS, az
and yd. lengths; originally
$3.50 to $2.25 50. yd. EEc
Friday only, SO. I'd. 80. Wv
go so. YDS.) NLAID
LINOLEUM, "B" gauge, Arm
strong's; will be cut from full
rolls; was 1925 so. Ct 10
yd. Friday, so. yd.. %4s4V
~ D'ORIENT, 27x50; origi-
nally $3.50. Friday &C IN
only ............. %OV
go COLONIAL HOOKED
RUGS, 22x36. 26x45, 24X40;
originally $7.95 to CO ~
$10.95. Friday only. %OsS~
FIFTH FLOOR