davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28
BY n. STEVENS.

TWO hundred and ninety-one (29n families of
the village of Lemishtchicha, two miles from
the town of zashkow (Kiever Ciubernia), or
ganized collective in July 1929 They named
it the Stain ArteI The nine other families in
the village, three of whom ar kuaks and six
middle peasants, refused to join it, The men,
bers of this collective are not yet building their
new collective homes, but in each one of their
old thaGhed rooted houses there is RADIO which
is connected to central distributor in the club
house. 1t sure does look quaint to see the an
tennae stretched above these stray roofs. These
peasants spent 1000 rubles to install these radio
sets in each house before constructing other more
essential necessities, because, as they told US,
ITO build up and develop organization, we
need a simultaneous cultural growth and radio
helps immensely" Then they set aside two of
the best houses in the village for childrens
nursery Yaslow) and kindergarten (plusht-
chatke). Here three city girls, recent college
graduates, are in charge of $50 children
The peasant women bring their children to
the Ysaslow of lushtchatte at 7:50 in the morn
ing On their way to work in the field. They
know that the children will be fed three times
during the day. washed and other ways well
cared for all at the expense Of the collectie.
In the evening, when the mothers return from
the days work, they take the children home
lective, the mothers would take the children
with them to the fields, leave them there ex-
posed to the scorching sun, without proper food
or any other attention which a child must have
while the mothers would labor from sunrise to
sunset, on ration Of black bread and cucum-
Der. Today 1865 women and 308 men of the
village work hours day and at noon have
hot meal served to them in the field, which is
prepared in the cooperative kitchen.
This summer the collective workers produced
Is per cent more wheat and sugar beets per
nectar of land than the individual neghboring
farmers. AS we approached the fields where
they worked it seemed as though we were ap-
preaching carnival. They sing and laugh and
are playful at their work.
Work now is not so dreary as it used to be-
or as it still is TO the individual small farmer or
to the farmer in capitalistic countries On the
colectives the workers work in groups called
brigades, the number in each varying according
to the type of work, and the work is so dis
tributed that the stronger in the group make
up for the weaker members who cannot do as
much The Comsomols, or Young Communist
League members, form their own brigades and
20 into Socialist competition with the other
brigades to see who can produce more The
technical staff of the collective showed U.s. with
much pride, their new mechanical devices with
which the threshing and cleaning of the wheat
is performed automatically in one process, right
in the field The older folks in the meantime
were working on the collective gardens Seventy
six individuals in the collective are entirely too
old or otherwise incapacitated to do any work.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28
The Social Roots of the
Counter-RevoIutionary Bour-
geois Sab0tageurs

This is the last of special series of articles
on the background of the invasion and sab
otage plot in the Soviet Union. The series
gives some of the activities and connections
of leaders associated with the eight now ON
trial at Moscow
MOSCOW u. S. S. r. Nov 26-Kondratiev's
kulak party and the allied menshevik socialist"
group of Groman and Sukhanov could not base
themselves on more or less broad section of
the population of the Soviet Union They re-
ceived no support whatever from among the
working class, the farm laborers and the middle
sections of the peasants, nor from among the
broad masses of the Soviet intellectuals. They
tried to penetrate the Red Army for the purpose
OF recruiting supporters there. but with no sue
cess, for the simple reason that, in their own
words, there are many workers and Trustworthy,
Communists in the commanding ranks of the
Red Army
Their only hope for support was the kuaks
rich farmers and the remains of the former
nobility'-the declassed and degenerate elements
OF the old exploiting classes which had been
broken up by the revolution forces which the
Working Peasants, party set itself the task of
consolidating"
About 1000 of Them
The small membership of the W. p P (about
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28
Not a Bad Notion

Our explanation of the absence of Red Sparks
for couple of days brought some results In
a way remarkable results. A conrade from the
land of milk and honey beyond Jordan, or
rather the Hudson, sent us three cans of choice
honey, for one thing
We said he sent it, But alas, he trusted 1t
to the capitalist government, ensconsced, but
not safely in box of excelsior With misgv-
ing we noted that the box was. stamped "re-
celVed IN bad order" 1t decidedly was. The
money was all in the excelsior but nary a drop
in the cans.
hungry guy on the staff suggested We cut
up the excelsior and use it for breakfast food
honey and all, Well, that may be all right. but
another comrade from Dakota had lust sent us
letter telling us that what we needed as dis
tinct from what we wanted was not ANYTHING
to eat, but on the contrary was dose of salts
Another success was to come in and find a
real air-valve functoning on our radiator, and
some real steam in the darn thing Showing the
usefulness OF having pet crocodile around the
office. Then we began to receive air-valves
by man from far and wide. Guess well have
to go into the wholesale hardware business
nice letter of coincidence came from some
Portland, Oregon, workers whose names we can't
mention because they didn't sign any, But we
turned it in to the $4,000 fund boys
Along with one OF the air-valves, from the
city OF Buffalo, there came letter, suggesting
that the small wants of the office and other
offices, might be furnished by Need of the
Hour" department. Which is not bad notion
The staff has been feeling that the office
should be rationalized to the extent of getting
radio Not just to tickle our ears with music.
out TO get occasionally important political
speeches. We don't want to interfere with the
$5oooo FUND drive, but we wonder if some COM
rade who is long on radios would be willing to
contribute one that would talks English for the
benefit of the Daily Worker
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28
&A<,~+A
And 100000 Demonstrated
i'm Moscow
By JORGE

Did you notice all the harvest of funny stories
about the Bolsheviks that broke loose in the
capitalist press as a sort of screen to obscure
the tremendous revelations at the Moscow trial
of the eight ter-revoutionists?
Some Of them were so brazeny arranged for
the occasion that the game was obvious. For
example, that the Fish Committee should again
call the unshot rascal, Mr. Delgass, to testify
against the Soviet is enough to show put up
job
But what he said was too silly for words, SO
darned silly that the unusually ornery State
that wants tor has the money-including the
and War Departments had to say SO. Anybody
Soviet Union, buy Liberty motors, but this
guy made a dark and dreadful mystery about
it. And they were shipped, these motors, he
said-"in disguise! They were disguised" as
machinery" which is still funnier, as if
motor is not a machine but case of eggsl And
all this weird business was done by "OGPU
agents" who are over-runnng this country in
droves etc,
Well, he did his best we suppose, but failed
to cover up the story of real spies, but against
the Soviet Union operating there. And If some
more exposures are given, brethren, you will
find that not only France and England, nut the
old U. S. A., too, has a flock of spies in the
Soviet Union, directed, we have an idea, from
the u S. Consulate at Riga, principally, and
also from Warsaw and Berlin, the last a more
recently established American spy center Sec
Rotary Stimson's sister-in-aw has been taking
care of connections between American and the
Czarist group in Paris. You should know that
already.
But we mustn't forget other stories, put out
to distract attention from the Moscow exposure
Among the first order of presentations was that
one the N. Y Times put on the front page from
London.
That London story was bird for vagueness
1t was chock full of things that "are reported
that according to" somebody lit is understood:
then ut is suggested" that something was done
by somebody who SIS credited with being" such
and SUCH
Among all these phrases the story was that
the Soviet ambassador in London was holding
as prisoners" three Stain emssaries" who are
OF course, G. P U. agents and naturally "en-
tered the country" illegally without asking Scot
land Yard about it, to conduct the ambassador
back to Moscow" where he was to be made
into hot dogs, or something. And although the
interesting lie was that the ambassadors wife
was credited with being the chief of the GPU
section in London" she seemed to be taller of
the imported GPU men, having chosen her hus-
band in the conflict betwixt love and duty.
1t was whale of a story, and appeared in
the London Daily Mail, but the papers Wednes-
day had to admit it wasn't true So beware of
all these fairy tales being played up in the CAPT.
tallst papers now. They are put out deliberately
to distract attention from the real exposures of
the war plot against the Soviet Union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28
A Glance at Collective Farming
in the Soviet Union

These are taken care of by the collective which
lays aside special fund for this purpose.
Nv oneW stables, silo and brick kiln were In
the process of construction. I'm another two
years" said one of them this old village will be
a modern little socialist city"
About two miles away we visited another viii
lage In July, 1928, group of % poor families
formed an artel and named it the Comintern
The government gave them land and credit to
obtain a few horses and some plows In july.
1929 the artel increased to about so families,
and by August, $780, we found that it had grown
to $50 families.
Being over two years old, this artel is already
much stronger, organizationally, than the artel
Stain and has many more improvements
In the office we were introduced to the man
ager, the agronon1ist, bookkeeper, clerk and typ
lst. They proudly showed us the three newly
completed dwelling houses, with running water
and baths, new, modern stable and STALL re-
pair shop, mill and bread magazine (store-
house,. They also had many agricultural ma
chimes and two tractors. young doctor, re-
Gently graduated, was in charge of the clinic
and first aid station. He also acted as one OF
the teachers in the school to lquidate lliteracy
The members spoke more determinedly about
the advantages of the collective farming. They
were growing and flourishing.
On the day before we arrived there was a
great deal of excitement here. One brigade re-
ported that they found series of iron bars
and spikes dug into the ground intended to
damage the machines at work. "This is kulak
sabotage" one peasant explained to us A
meeting was held and the Comsomuls young
Communist League" members arranged that
henceforth they would patrol the fields at night
Every night another group goes out armed to
guard the fields against the mischief and sabot-
age of the enemies.
1t might denoted that In the villages the
'Comsomuls' are playing very important role
in Transforming the old village into a modern
Socialist Community"
This artel also included in its membership a
couple OF shoemakers, a tailor, blacksmith and
few mechanics. The enthusiasm of the mem
berS was wonderful and their optimism for the
future even more wonderful.
The artel New Life" in the village of zytnk
was even further advanced than the "Comintern
Artel" Having started in February 1928, with
rs families, they had grown to membership of
305 families in August of this year. They had
over 1000 hectares of land, 900 horses and rs
cows, modern barns and stables a brick kiln
three chcke nincubators, 100 in EACH 200 bee
hives and many rabbits They told us that all
plans are completed to wire the houses and that
the motors in the mill will supply the entire
village with power.
We found the school and club particularly well
attended. Illiteracy is being liquidated and they
are busy raising their cultural level The or
ganization boasts of so Comsomols $50 pioneers
and so Octobrists children younger than the
pioneers). The Comsomols live right next to the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28

Every Party member,
every Young Communist
mrst sell % copies of the
Daily Worker before fac
tory gates each week to be
in good standing.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28

Friends and fellow workers, hope you will
consider the invitation to this platform to
speak as 1 did when I received nomination by
the Communist Party candidate in the last
election. I did not consider that was a great
man, myself, but to think of the people standing
back of it, the nerve of the people who dared to
do such thing and had the success they did.
I told many of them that did not place the
honor on myself, but I did on the Party, and
particularly, Comrade Dalton. / think she de-
serves all of the credit. In other words l con-
sidered that was the greatest move ever made
in the way of solving the problems in the South
Those of you who have never been in the heart
of the South don't know how bad it is, and how
easy it is for Negroes to get in the hands of the
law, in the penitentiaries lynching, telegraph
poles for violating what they call the law. Ne
groes do not have to violate the law in the
South to be put In jail. He has to ride the
street cars, be on the street with the whites yet
he has no privileges. He can get on the street
car and is Jim-crowed; the white people can
take all the car but one seat and they haven't
broken the law. If white man has anything
against one Negro, he can start something and
all the Negroes will be killed and there is moth
ing done about 1t.
Comrades, might tell you about the cond-
tons in the South all day, but unless you go to
the South and test it you will never know. I'm
agination is alright in dream, but you had
better go and experience how it is in Georgia,
Alabama, Tennessee, etc.
Now when I was nominated for u S. Senator
the bosses thought that was the worst thing
that ever happened, and they talked about 1t
so much that I got little scared, Comrade
Dalton felt the effects of it also and she told
me she thought it would be safe for me to stay
away for day or two and she took me off and
was very glad to go. I went off and spent
two or three nights. But the thought came to
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28

one thousand in all the Union of Socialist Soviet
Republics), without any mass following con-
sisted of the highest specialists in the Soviet
economic organization, chiefly in the land de-
partment and the agricultural cooperative So
cieties, bourgeois biologists and their support
erS working in the lower ranks of these organs.
The social composition of this counter-revou-
tionary bloc can be seen from the social posi-
ton OF its leaders. Kondratiev is professor.
who until 1919 was a member of the socialist
revolutionary party which fought against the
revolution and was a director in the Market
Institute of the Comnissariat of Finance of the
U. S. S. r. Kurofski was professor at the
University of Saratoy. He occupied the position
of manager of the Currency Board of the Com
missariat of Finance Makaroy was professor
a member of the Presidium of the Land Plan
ming Department of the Commissariat of FL
nance. Chayanov was professor. the director
of the Institute of Agricultural Economics Sad
irgin was an old member of the Central Com
mittee of the Cadets party, Freedom of the
People" a member of the management of the
State Bank of the U. S. S. r. and prominent
in the co-operatives.'
Fabrikant was a professor, an old socialist
mensheFik,- editor of the magazine "Agrononl."
tTcuan WdS SGdIlSblCl3n ana economist, an
old mensheyik, member of the Presidum of the
Land Planning Department of the Commissariat
of Land etc, the rest of their leaders bear sim
liar records to these.
Drift Toward Capitalism"
These elements believed at first that the pur-
pose of the New Economic Policy was to abandon
socialist construction. Therefore they honestly
began to assist the Soviet Government thinking
that they could assist in the development of the
Soviet economy along capitalist lines But when
the Communist Party of the U. S. S. r. took
the line of fully colectivizing agriculture and
tearing out the roots of capitalism in agricul-
ture, and in spite of the Trotskyists and the
right wingers undertook TO accomplish the Five
Year Plan in four years. these capitalist ele-
ments took up an attitude of unter-revolution-
airy sabotage and adventurism
The G. P U. has liquidated this counter-rev
lutionary band, and the Moscow trial is exposing
their plot to the whole world.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1930-11-28
BY SHERMAN BELL.

The following speech by Sherman Bell,
Negro delegate to the st. Louis Convention of
the League of Struggle for Negro Rights. is
typical of the militant utterances from the
floor and expressive of the will to struggle of
the frightfully oppressed Negro masses of the
South.-Ed. Motel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-29

excitable man of more than ordinary mental
culture but regarded somewhat eccentric
The man under arrest nearly resembled
this man in appearance that I thought 1t was
he and was about to address him as such and
ask him why he was under police restraint,
When one OF the officers whispered to me- This
Is Gulteau, the man who shot the President
1t was Charles j. Guiteau
Il visited this man at the District jail sew
eral weeks later, where his conversation with
me confirmed the impression made upon me
by the self satisfied shipper which I had noted
on his face on the police headquarters steps
that II his mind were not unbalanced it would
take very little excitement to make 1t so.
His egregious egotiSm, which was tanta-
mount to mental irresponsibility, was apparent
from his VaingloriOus boast at the time OF his
arrest in the railroad station that I did 1t and
want to be arrested. I am stalwart and
Arthur is President as if the crime entailed
no punitive consequences to himself, but rather
exalted him into an object entitled to public
adu]atlon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-29

natural death. He is liable to 60 at any
time, anyway had no i'll will towards
the President His death was a political
necessity. am q lawyer a theologian
and politician I Stalwart of
the Stalwarts I was with Gen. Grant
and the rest Of men in New York
during the canvass. I have some papers
for the press which 1 shall leave with
Byron Andrews and his co-journalists at
1920 New York avenue where all re-
porters can see them. am going TO the
jail CHARLES j. GUITEAU.'
He wrote that letter before he shot tho
President, obviously with the expectation that
1t would be accepted by the country as a justi-
hcation Of his crime.
When the detective informed me of the
identity OF his prisoner and the cause Of his
arrest 1t occurred to me that might be Of
some service at the railroad station, toward
which Immediately went.
When reached the station President Gar
feld had been carried up to the second story
southeast room. The police officer at the foot
of the stairway halted me there, but Lieut.
Charles r. Vernon of the police department.
who soon thereafter appeared, said. Let him
up. he's doctor which was stretching a very
slender fact to its limit, as it had been several
years since had had occasion to employ my
medical information in either advice or treat
ment. at least to others than my own family.
Upon arriving at the room where the Presi-
half dozen persons in the ROOM but no
physician. I asked the President if 1 could
be OF any service to him, to which he replied
that he was very comfortable except for the
tingling in his feet, which reminded him Of
the feeling he had when bow whom his foot
was asleep.
Soon after he said that he " .uId like a little
more air and suggested that the window be
opened. opened it slightly, but he almost i'm
mediately said that it made him chilly and asked
that close it. which did. He remarked that
the only distressing discomfort the shock had
caused him was the nausea at first which was
relieved by the vomiting, down on the first
floor soon after he was shot. BY this time
several persons had come into the room"
From July to early on the morning of
September the stricken President remained at
the White House, when it was felt that q
change to Elberon, N. j., might prove of benefit
For the purpose of conveying him to and from
the train the most exacting preparations and
care were taken; even the street railway tracks
at Ninth and Seventh streets were covered with
sawdust to prevent possible Earring, the Presi-
dent being conveyed over the route in an ex-
press wagon
A WITNESS to this sad spectacle tells us:
AS the wagon approached the end of the
drive the gates were thrown open, and the
mass Of people who had collected to witness
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-29

mo one could duly estimate his boundless
self-esteem without having seen the self
satisfied grin which animated his face when
ever he was pleased with what he said It
was that facial expression which most i'm
pressed me about him, both at police head
quarters and when met him at the jail
The following letter. which was taken from
Guiteaus pocket, gives fair idea of his
mental condition:
July 2, 1881
To the White House: The Presidents
death was q sad necessity but It viii
unite the Republican party and save the
Republic Life is q f1imsy dream, and it
matters little when one goeS-a human
life is of small value. During the war
thousands Of brave boys went down
without a tear. 1 presume the President
was Christian, and that he will be hap
pier in Paradise than here. 1t will be
no worse for Mrs Garfield dear soul, to
part with her husband this way than
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-29
BY JOHN CLAGETT PROCTOR.

ORTY-NINE years ago this coming
Wednesday one of the greatest TRACE
dies that ever occurred within the
United States took place in WASH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-06-29
Garfield Assassination Tragic to All

"0Sh'ngto" Mas Deeply Stirred BY Death Of President Whose Aby
Successful administration Whys Enue
Woshped and Old Railroad Station
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1930-05-13
Annual Guild
Tea
Gi0en Mondau

The annual sunshine tea Of the
Episcopal Guild drew the interest
Of many church women Monday af-
ternoon. the affair being held at
the home Of Mrs. Z. K. Goodrich
in Media Luna. Arriving, guests
we're greeted at the door by Mrs.
Goodrich and Mrs. j. S. Ford. while
several other members OF the so
ciety were h~ostesses in the living
room. Here, beautiful pink radi-
ance roses we're used in abundance
as decorations.
Tea was served in the dining
room. with Mrs. p. M. Lam5erton
and Mrs. r. o. Macintosh pourirN.
The table had as a centerpiece a
lovely arrangement Of sweet peas
surrounded by lighted pink tapers.
Mrs. Pearl Nuckols, Mrs. McNair.
Mrs. Richardson. Mrs. Sudlow and
Mrs. Louis Brulay served the dainty
refreshments.
In the library, Mrs. G. v. Hamil-
ton and Mrs. Burnell Goodrich
served punch. The library was
decked with bouquets Of red radi-
ance roses in baskets and vases.
About 100 parishioners and their
friends called during the afternoon.
They brought with them their
sunshine" bags Of voluntary con-
triutions irving rise TO the annual
sunshine" tea.