Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-05

worms. tapeworms and lugworms-do injury as
follows: They suck blood and infiict pain ana
irritation which interfere seriously with the AMI
nnaPS rest and feed. But the injury does not
cease with this. Some parasites produce noxious
poisoris Others make openings In the flesh ana
tissues which allow bacteria to enter. At times
the accumulation of parasites In the body may
become so great as to prevent the lungs, the
kidneys or the alimentary canal from Junction.
ing as they should.
One of the meat experts Of the Bureau Of
Animal Industry has spent years investigating
the various degrees of toughness Of different
types and brands Of meat. Naturally his jaws
and teeth were continually under terrific
strain. So he developed an ingenious idea-a
machine that would do the work for him. The
apparatus is simple and easily moved about.
It consists of blade so arranged that 1t may
be drawn through small samples of meat by
exerting pressure with crank. scale records
the amount of pressure required to cut through
the sample of meat. The machine has been
used to test more than 1000 samples of pork,
beef and lamb, and although not yet perfected,
it gives a remarkably high correlation with the
opinion Of judges of tenderness who sample and
score the meat after it is tested
But probably the prize job of them all is the
one involving the use of vacuum cleaner" on
cows back. A group of Government experts
stationed at Galesburg, Ill, had been making an
intensive study of how best to remove gIubs
known as MARBLES" from the shoulders of cat
tie. At first they tried to remove the grubs by
the slow ad painstaking process of using forceps
to extract the pests one at time. However,
this method was extremely expensive. But the
experts did not give up. They put their heads
together, and the ultimate result was vacuum
cleaner" built on automobile trailer. 1t has
four to six lines of suction hose and MOBILES
When in operation a nozzle is placed over an
rtNl
grub is drawn out through the opening in the
skin
The machine will remove all OK MARBLES but
because of the tenacity of the older grubs two
or three attempts are frequently necessary to
dislodge them. However, the Government ex-
perts hope soon to perfect the nozzleS sufficiently
to get a grub with every suction It Is hoped
that this novel machine will be practical for
countrywide campaigns against the OK MARBLE
In regions where it is easy to corral all cattle in
large herds and send them through chutes to
be "degrubbed."
Two chemists of the Bureau of Chemistry and
Soils recently developed a job for them
selves that is so in the field of science that
probably It has no parallel anywhere in the
world This job consists in cultivating the de-
spised mold popularity considered to be entirely
q destructive substance found all too frequently
two chemists Horace r. Herrick and Orville Z.
May recently made an astonishing discovery TO
the effect that molds may now be used In the
making of an important health-giving procuct.
BY q new process perfected by Herrick and May,
molds may be put to work to produce gluconic
acid, used in making an expensive salt with
highly important medical qualities. BY this
new method this salt is reduced in cost from
$50 pound. to SO cents pound. This,
points out DR.. Henry G. Knight. chief of the
bureau sis an example of the manner in which
the bureau is using apparently useless organisms
to create valuable chemicals"
Certainly one of the queerest inventions In
the world is the "olfactometer," which Is able
to test the smelling ability of certain kinds of
insects The novel device is the product of the
ingenious brain of Dr. N. E. McIndoo of the
Bureau of Entomology. He invented 1t espe-'
cially to test the "smeller" of the Colorado po-'
tato beetle With his apparatus he proved for
the first time that odors from plants (no6
howers) attract insects. ~EntomologiSts are finds
ing improved "olfactometers" useful in deter
mining just what odors in various plants at
tract certain insects. The specific odors are
placed in the field or garden to attract insects
to traps or other places where they can Sbe
destroyed conveniently. go ~
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