The Daily Alaska empire., 1930-05-06
NAVAL TREATY FIGURES.

Last week President Hoover submitted to Senate for confirmation the treaty produced by London Naval Farley While it is admittedly IS broad in its limitation of naval armaments D ,isions as had been hoped for when the delega rom the five countries, United States, Great E ain, France, Italy and Japan, met, undoubtedly s step in the direction of reducing naval bui ng competition among these five powers So WI t falls considerably short of the high anticipat leld early this year it does accomplish enough make it worthwhile
 There is a full three-power treaty between United States, Great Britain and Japan. Fra md Italy agreed with the other powers on cert ections and compromised on others
 The pact has been summarized as follows:
 The American Brtish-Japanese accord is a complete limitation agreement running until 1885, with the allocation of ships by classes definitely stated. The figures stand as follows:
 United States-15 battleships 323,5OO tons cruisers 18 8-inch cruisers, 143,500 tons G. inch cruisers 150000 tons destroyers and 52,700 tons submarines.
 In comparison Great Britain has Is bat tleships, 339, 600 tons cruisers, Is 8inch cruis- CTS, 15o0O0 tons destroyers and 52,700 tons submarines
 Japan gets g battleships, 2O89O0 tons cruisers, 12 8-inch cruisers, 100,450 tons G. inch cruisers, 1o5,5oO tons destroyers and 52700 tons submarines.
 The principal part of the naval treaty which all five powers adopted were:
 CD The preamble, which defined the ob- jects of the conference
 @ The battleship holiday, with French and Italian reservations
 (3) The rules of 'humanization" of sub marine warfare providing that submarines must conform to the rules of international law to which surface warships are subject thereby assuring safely of passengers and crew before sinking disabling merchant ship. The treaty also provides limitation of the size of submarines to 2000 tons with certain exceptions permitting France to re- tain the 2800-ton Surcouf; and for limita- ton of guns to 51 inches The exception permits each nation to have three sub marines of up to 28OO tons with 8-inch guns
 (4 Methods of scrapping and rules for retention of training ships, which permit the United States to retain the Arkansas or Wyoming; Britain the Iron Duke, which Jelicoes flagship in the Battle of Jutland; and Japan the Hiyei, after they have been rendered unfit for war service
 G) Definition of vessels not subject to limitation
 (6 Definition of special and exempt vessels that is all naval surface combat ants below 600 tons and naval surface com blatant vessels between 600 tons and 2Oo0 tons meeting certain requirements to speed and guns.
 CD Rules for replacement of war ships and age limits, providing age limit for 5000 to l0000-on surface vessels, if laid down prior to January l, 1920, as 16 years; if laid down after January l. 1920 as 20 years For surface vessels below 5000 tons an the age limit will be l2 years if laid down prior to January l, 1921; and 16 years if laid down after that date For submarines the age limit will be 13 years.
 (8) Aircraft carriers under 10000 tons shall be included in the aircraft carrier category and guns on such ships shall not exceed six inches Crather than eight inches)
 The parts of the treaty which only the United States Britain and Japan accepted included the tri-partite limitation treaty containing tonnage figures given above and providing for a new naval conference meet ing in 1885. It also contained a contingency or safeguarding clause, inserted on demand of Britain, to protect her against any un- expectedly heavy building by France The clause permits any of the three powers to build beyond the treaty limits if it feels its security is menaced but it does not men, tion any nation by name.
 The United States agreed not to com plete more than Is of her scheduled eight inch cruisers before 1885 thus granting Japad her demand in part for the right to demand TO per cent auxiliary ship ratio with the United States and Britain By delaying building. the United States will grant Japan such a ratio until 1885 when she may renew her demands
 The three-power treaty was the principal achievement of the conference inasmuch as it gave the United States numerical battle ship parity with Britain in 1881, three years earlier than provided in the Washington treaty Naval experts emphasized that the