Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-09
BY JACK STARR-HUNT.

~
| VETS, has created much inter |
est abroad and here, tudgin1 from the
reaction among members OF the dlplo-
matte orps here and students OF inter
national affairs.
OF interest to the United States is
| the disappearance of center OF Dol
| shevik activities which, ne1ghborlng a.
! it was to the United States, could not
but arouse the attention and interest o!
Washington.
The Russian bear growled his indig-
nation at Mexico's unceremoniouS treat
ment of DR. Alexander Makar, the So
wet Minister as a fragrant violation of
| the rules of international conduct"
| Objection was raised in formal note.
first, at the method Mexico adopted in
Severing relations and, secondly, at the
| temporary detention and seizure of DR..
Makars baggage at Vera Cruz. as well
as that of Mime. Makar, as they were
about to embark for Europe.
Mexico Cites Precedents.
But Mexico merely pointed to Philli- ,
more's second volume on international |
law, which shows that there are several |
precedents on record where a diplomat |
has received far harsher treatment, and |
from such a conventional power as
Great Britain.
This authority says in volume Q, chap
ter 7, article 1853: LIT Is the duty and
the right of the injured state in
the event of secret Vaccinations to
secure the person of the Ambassador
and remove him from her borders"
1t is pointed out that Makar was
a Minister and not an Ambassador, the
latter enjoying considerably more I'M
munity and consideration than does a
| Minister.
Phillimore cites, in paragraphs $50 to
| 70, Az 10 5<Ne Inar
received far harsher treatment on the
part of the countries to which they were
accredited, In spite of their extraterri-
torial rights, than the Russian Minis
lister to Mexico received. One of these
cases, the most outstanding, Is reported
by Phillimore as follows:
ION January 30, 1717 the govern
ment Of England, having certain infor-
nation Of conspiracy to invade the
country and dethrone the King. con-
trived by Gyllenburg, the Ambassador
of Sweden, at that time at peace with
Great Britain, ordered the arrest of that
Minister, which was accordingly effected.
Cabinet ForcibIy Opened.
Gen. Wade and Col. Blakeney. to
whom the charge was intrusted, found
him making up dispatches, which they
told him they had orders to seize, and
they even insisted upon searching his
cabinet, which, upon the refusal of his
wife to deliver the keys. they actually
broke open.
"Gyllenburg complained Of these pro-
ceedings as a direct breach of the law
Of nations and some of the foreign
Ministers at the court of England ex-
pressed themselves to the same effect,
upon which the secretaries of state,
Methuen and Stanhope, wrote circular
letters to them, to assign reasons for
the arrest, which satisfied them all ex-
cept Montelone, the Spanish Ambassa-
dor, who, in his answer, observed that
he was sorry no other way could be
found open for preserving the peace of
the kingdom than that of the arrest of
a public Minister and the seizure of his
papers, which are the repositories of
his secrets, two facts which seem SEN
sibly to wound the law of nations.
This proceeding was, however. clear
ly justifiable as measure Of self
defense
Private Papers Returned.
The Mexican foreign ONCE in an
nouncing its recall of the Mexican le-
CATION stan at Moscow, gave as its chief
reason anti Mexican demonstrations
staged in various countries, holding the
Soviet government responsible for those
demonstrations. Mexico returned to
| MakaI documents Oh MS QEIV6C6 IllG
which had been seized.
In the ordinary procedure when two
nations sever diplomatic relations the
one to take the initiative recalls, as
Mexico did, its diplomatic agent ac-
credited to the other and at the same
time hands the diplomatic agent OF the
, other country his passports.
. However, in this case Mexico simply
; recalled its Minister In Moscow and the
| entire legation staff, and by this act
considered sall intercourse with Soviet
2 Russia at an end. Russia was not even
. consulted. The SovietS shrugged their
shoulders at the rebuff and held on to
! the position gained by the establishment
: of relations with Mexico.
: This advantage Moscow was not wont
to relinquish without putting up tight.
+, Its value as base of operations In q
i country neighboring the United States,
= whose recognition Russia has been seek
! ing for many years, was prize wen
: worth keeping.
: Estrada Received Envoy.
: DR. Makar called at the Mexican for
Y eign office a few days after the recall
of the Mexican Minister In Moscow.
: DIPLOMATS here were much interested In
I what stand would be taken by Genera
Estrada, the Mexican secretary OF for
eign affairs. Would he receive DR..
: Makar, whose credentials had not Deen
, Cancelled, and whose departure from
the country had not been requested by
( It was at first thought that Senior
Estrada would find it convenient to be
lin conference" or otherwise regretfully
unable to receive the Soviet envoy.
I However. Dr. Makar was uShered into
! the presence of Senior Estrada without
: delay. Senior Estrada, who is inclined
, to take matters calmly, confirmed Ver-
, bally Mexico's formal announcement
with which it had not been deemed
\ necessary to first familiariZe the Mos
: cow foreign office. DIR. Makar left the
foreign once somewhat at a loss as to
! the course he should take.
Makar's Status Explained!
A few days later Senior Estrada was
! asked by newspaper men just what
: standing. it any, the bolshevik diplomat
I had before the Mexican government. He
9 had none, Estrada explained, not with
: Mexico if he desired; he might go II
=; he wished: he could have a passport If
= he requested It, but he would not be
o molested If he went without 1t. He was
=; nothing to Mexico but an "ancienne
y MiniStre"-an ex-Minister. DR.. Makar.
!, stripped of all diplomatic privileges, be-
K came merely an alien resident:
e Two weeks later. however, DR.. Makar
e admitted defeat and decided to leave.
He allowed it to be known that he was
: leaving just as soon as he could get
t away, on the first ship available from
] Vera Cruz that does not touch at the
United States" His final shot was a
! statement that sit will probably be
t some time before relations are re-
E sumed" With him went Soviet Russia's
! only diplomatic stronghold in the West
ern Hemisphere.
! The Mexican Communist party, which