Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-03-28
SHOOT SEES c. O.P.
/ TARIFF ACHIEVED
Democratic Insurgent CoaIi-
ton Blamed Over Radio
for "UncertaintieS."

oAAoA4CA&eAOh VI bAAC kAA Dilt AAns-
effectively dispelled whatever mis-
guided illusions" there might have been
that the Republican doctrine of pro-
teettve tariff had been surrendered In
the last political campaign, Senator
Reed Smoot of Utah, chairman of the
Senate finance committee, declared last
night in speaking on the National
Radio Forum arranged by The Evening
Star and sponsored by the Columbia
Broadcasting Co. over q Nationwide
hook-up.
To the tariff delaying tactics of the
Democratic-insur coalition" Senator
Smoot charged responsibility Tin no
slight degree" for the current uncertain
ties in the business world. Before pass
ing judgment on the tariff bill as it
emerges from Congress, he asked the
American people to consider the benefits
to accrue through continuance of the
protective policy.
"If you wish an insight into the
chaotic conditions in this country, in
the throes of a commercial panic. with
its consequent unemployment. distress
and depression, should the protective
tariff policy of the Republican party
thousandfold the present temporary
depression in some of our industries"
Analysis Is Detailed.
Senator Smoot gave a detailed
analysis of the changes made in the
tariff bill by the Senate, claiming that
despite some of the amendments in
serted by the Democratic insurgent
Republican coalition, it emerged "a
Republican measure"
His speech in full was as follows:
Consideration of the pending tariff
bill was commenced by the Senate
finance committee on June Is last.
Hearings were held before subcommit-
tees which I appointed for the purpose
Of receiving evidence submitted by
parties interested in having an increase,
decrease or no revision of the duty upon
commodities affected by tariff legisla-
ton.
After considering all the facts pre-
scented by the witnesses, together with
the costs of production at home and
abroad and the other essential factors
pertinent to tariff legislation, the SEN
ate finance committee reported the bill
to the Senate on September with ap-
proximately 431 amendments to the
House bill.
Work Day and Night.
Since that time the Senate has been
working day and night debating the
provisions OF the bill, and on Monday,
March "a, after making 1883 amend
ments, passed the measure with vote
Of So to 81.
While there are good many changes
n the bill that have been put In by the
Democratic Insurgent Republican coali-
ton, the rates on the whole make the
bill q Republican measure. No regular
Republican voted against the bill.
Forty-six Republicans and seven Demo-
Gratis cast their votes for its passage.
Most agricultural products are fairly
well taken care of by the Senate rates,
and certain other industries that were
depressed and were threatened by for
eign competition have been given con-
sideration. The Senate also reduced
number of industrial rates because of
the belief of majority of the Senators
that the higher rates were not warranted
or necessary.
The Senate has made some important
changes In individual rates, but when
considered as 8 whole the average rate
for all schedules is not greatly different, |
416 per cent, from the average OF the
rates as passed by the House, which was
054 per cent higher than the average
of all rates on comparable articles IN
the act Of 1922. On the average, the
Senate rates are just about midway be-
tween the House rates and the rates IN
the tariff act of 1922. Comparison OF
the equivalent ad valorem rates in the
bill shows that the weighted average
for all Is schedules Of the dutiable list
was 43.15 per cent as passed by the
House, and $500 per cent, or 4.16 per
cent lower, as passed by the Senate;
while the average rate for the act OF
1922 was 34.61 per cent. The average
for all Senate rates was just is per
cent lower than the average OF all rates
as reported by the Senate finance COM
mittee.
Low Rate Averages.
The averages Of the rates in the met
ais, wood, rayon and sundries schedules,
respectively, are lower as passed by the
Senate than they are in the act Of 1922,
and the average rate for each of the
other IL schedules is higher than the
average rate for the same respective
schedules in the act of 1922, except the
average rate for schedule 6, which Is
the same as in the present law.
Some interesting facts are shown
when the average equivalent ad valorem
rates based on 1928 imports, for the
different schedules, are compared sched-
ule by schedule. The phrase lad va
loren" Is Latin in origin and means
literally according to value" In tar1n
parlance the expression is used to de-
note the method Of assessing duties on
an imported article which Is based
upon the value Of that article. Con.
oretely, If an article is valued at 81 AND
Is subject to a duty of 10 per cent ad
valorem, the tax is 10 per cent OF the
81, or 10 cents. The ad valorem Is TO
be distinguished from SPECIFIC duty
A specific duty Is assessed regardless
Of the value Of the article-as, for Illus
tration, o duty of Is cents per pound
or 20 cents per dozen.
The average Of all Senate rates IN
ALL a1.n lie oil T1A
lis 3O95 per cent; the House rates
average 81 80 per cent and the 1922
rates 1892 per cent. The slight decrease
in the average Senate rate in COMPARE
son with the average House rate Tor
this schedule Is due principally TO the
action Of the Senate placing chicle and
ammonium sulphate on the free list and
lowering the rates on potassium nitrate.
potassium chlorate, menthol and whit
Ing.
For schedule 2-earths, earthenware
and giaSsware-the Senate reduced the
average rates, as compared with the
House, from 5487 per cent to $500 per
cent, the average for the act Of 1922
being 1852 per cent This reduction IN
the average rate Of duty for schedule
2 as passed by the Senate in COMPARE
son with the average as passed by the
House is largely the result of the Sen
ate action reducing rates on plate glass
and cement.
Schedule 3 Averages.
For schedule 8, metals and metal
manufactures, the average rate as
passed by the House was 1884 per
. cent: as passed by the Senate, 32.35
4 Uer cent; IN the act of 1922, 1911 per
! cent, or slightly higher than the Sen
n ate rate. The decrease in the average
4 Senate rate in the metals schedule, as
compared with the average House rate,