davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

parents. There came a day when from
accident or disease. this first child
persisted. His death awakened in the
woman the memory of her wish, and
she realized to the full its dire con-
sequences. fastening to Napi, she be-
sought him to release her from its
obligations.
1T is impossible, he replied.
Then all nature stood APPALLED, at
what never before had been heard
the wailing of a mother for her lost
child.
1t is not strange the Mormon elder
traced in this tale a resemblance to
the story of creation as told in the
Bible. Man and woman are made from
the earth, and through the breath Of
life gain flesh and blood. The appear
ance of the serpent works havoc, and
through death and sorrow make
their entry into the world. Why this
similarity? The elder said it gave
him food for thought. 1t offers us
the same mental pabulum as furnished
by the history of primitive beliefs.
Today it is practically impossible to
learn the actual religious belief Of our
Indians, or to separate it from the
Christian faith they have adopted.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

sight. Turning to Napi he spoke: Did
you see that twig, how bravely it float
ed? Now and again it sank out of
sight, but always it rose and sped on
its way. Such is my wish. May the
life of man be like the journey of that
twig. Four days shall he die, and in
that time repent him Of his sins, then
live forever cleansed of all transgres-
sions.'
$50 shall it be, even as you desire"
answered Napi. Then turning to the
woman he queried: And you, what is
your wish?"
The oma had heard her mate eX-
press his desire, and meanwhile did
some rapid thinking. They were living
in the midst of plenty, they two the
sole jewellers upon earth. This wish
granted, what would be the natural
outcome? She was a thinker, this first
Indian Woman-she looked ahead, her
active mind probing the future.
She reasoned, this woman. With the
mans wish granted and not to be set
aside, she visioned a day when in
evitably the world would be over-popu-
lated. No one would really die, and
due to rapidly increasing numbers the
earth could not fail to be over-ten-
anted. There were many things she
wanted that bore no relation to the
question of living or dying. She would
like to be assured of plenty to eat and
drink, of beautiful clothes and orna-
ments; of a dwelling she would not be
called upon to make and set up. Above
all, she craved the certainty that the
affection of her husband might never
fail her.
She Thwarts Hubby
These things were desirable under
normal conditions, and always for her.
self, yet the day must surely come when
she must see her descendants starving
because of lack of food, and she would
f, suffer because of the agony they were
destined to undergo, not alone at that
future date when the earth should
TEEN with inhabitants, but through the
long-draWn-out days of her immor-
tally. That stupid man!
Silently she pondered how to cir
cumvent him and at length hit upon
a scheme. Her wish should cancel his
Picking up a pebble and at the same
time demanding Napi's attention tc
what she did, she threw it, in the
characteristic n of women, into
the same stream which had borne the
tWig from view.
Quickly the pebble sank, and al
though they patiently waited with their
gaze fixed on the surface, it never re-
appeared. That pebble typifies my
wish, oh Napi," returned the woman
LAS the pebble sank never to rise again
SO shall the life Of mar be. When he
dies he shall die and Earth neve,
see him more"
80 be it," assented Napi, evidently
not troubled about how he was tf
reconcile both gifts. A child was hi
of Sun, yet his brains were not over.
developed.
Time passed, and to the man ans
woman was born a son that grew ant
grew in stature and the love of hi
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06
RIVER WAS MANNED
FOR GIRL BY CAPTAIN CLARK

never been puddled with mud usually
found in floOd-water streams.
when Captain Clark returned to the
boats on the Missouri, he had another
name for the new river, which a
as usual, ~deferentially agreed to by
Captain Lewis. He named it Judieth's
river. Captain Clark was a wretched
speller.
Captain Clark's home was in Ken
lucky, but he formerly lived at Fin
castle in Virginia, where he had met
a little maiden who at the time of the
expedition was only Is years old. Cap
tain Clark was more than 20 years her
senior. The little lady's name was
Miss Julia Hancock, and there was
something about her that had SO i'm
pressed itself upon Captain Clark that
he felt inclined to honor her by giving
her name to the stream, even though
1t displaced the name chosen by Cap
tain Lewis.
What was the mysterious urge? Did
the clear laughing ripples OF the stream
remind him of his little friend? And
why the name Judith? The two names,
Judith and Julia, are each distinct
from the other and have no common
significance whatever, but the little
playmates Of Miss Julia had given her
the nickname Of Judy, which is the
diminutive of Judith, and their vagary
is responsible for the perpetuation OF
one of Montana's most prominent
names.
Captain Clark knew the little girI
as Judy and assumed that the name
he had given to the river was proper
In after years he learned his mistake
but made no correction. When he be-
came General Clark and superintendent
of Indian affairs Of the United States
he married the little lady whose name
he thought he had given to the new
river, and now after a hundred years
her Observation-Disclosures has furnished
the world from the family heirloom'
much of the pitifully water-stained ano
t~ime-yellowed records kept by her IA
nous ancestor, illustrating Judieth'
river"
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06
63 Bel ow Inn 1880
lis Remembered by
Stanford Resident

Recent sub-zero temperatures have
reminded p. w. Korell, Stanford, Of a
winter he spent at Fort Benton In
1880, when temperatures dropped to
SO degrees below zero.
Mr.. Korell came to Montana in May
1876, landing at Fort Benton from
the steamer Rosebud" He went to
Yogo with the gold rush in 1879, re-
turning to Fort Benton for the epoch
making weather of 1880.
The only fuel to be had, he said
was watersoaked wood fished out OF
the Missouri river and that was sc
scarce that no attempt was made to
heat all Of the several saloons every
night. Heat was concentrated in one
building and everyone crowded there
to get warm, When night came, in
spite OF the intense cold, the men al
moved out and slept in wagons as
usual.
The following spring Mr.. Korell re-
turned to the Judith basin and located
a ranch, took up farming and stock
raising, buying $500 sheep from John
D. Waite for IS cents a head. He has
lived at Stanford since 1923 with his
family.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06
CBy MRS. M. E. PLASSMANN)

I Asst summer the Mormons of the
Alberta stake, wishing to learn
something definite regarding the re-
ligiOn of the Indians, wrote to the
Blackfeet agency, requesting that some
competent to do so be sent to en-
tighten them. Richard Sanderville, Of
fetal interpreter of the tribe, was de-
tailed for that purpose, and before the
conference gave a talk from which
have gained the following information,
due to the courtesy of Mr.. Sanderville.
In the beginning, the Sun and Night
Light (the noon were already in eX-
istence with no explanation of their
origin, as is the cas- with all other
deities. For a period long or short,
they led an unalloyed existence, happy
together in their mutual task of Great
ing fruits and flowers, which they
courageously sampled to discover if they
were good.
Then there came a day when Sun
thought he marked a GOODNESS on the
part Of Night-Light, for which he could
not account. At once he adopted the
role Of detective, the first on record.
Night-Light going out for a stroll,
Sun waited a reasonable length of time
and then started after her with such
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

Much has been said and written
81 tho loss and distortion Of names
Of natural objects, especially OF
streams, in Montana. Often the In
tent Of the person originating the
name and its qualification are swept
into oblivion, says Judge F. +. Stran-
ahan Of Fort Benton.
Vicissitudes through which the
name must pass In q long course OF
years and among people who never
knew or cared what the intent was
or what the name signified, have
warped and twisted and played gen.
eral havoc with those names, asserts
Judge Stranahan in the following
story:
I'm the dim distance the name wa
applied and it was obliged to run the
gauntlet of illiterate trappers and
traders and all the multitude Of care
less pioneers, until 1t reached a gen.
Grafton of people who are interested
to inquire Of the names origin and
what it means. Even the originator
of the name sometimes %blundered.
"The pleasing name of Judith seems
important in such an inquiry and the
AluiilC WALL INV 6O QOWll tllioLEt WN
ages as applied to the beautiful basin
in central Montana, surrounded BY
chains of mountains, to the clear
sparkling river that drains the basir
and to the e county to which the
basins name Is given.
"At one time the name was In dan
ger of serious corruption. Some Q.
the first settlers we're wont to call i
Judas river, but the name has sue
cessfully outlived that danger.
when the Lewis and Clark eXpedi'
ton was approaching the mouth o
Judith river, Captain Lewis had notet
immense numbers of mountain sheel
on p%recipitous cliffs standing higl
above the Missouri, so that when n
reached the mouth Of the Judith, n
called the new stream Big Horn liver
Captain Clark, however, always,
think, a little more energetically IN
quisitive than Captain Lewis, went fur
Their up the new river than did Cap
tain Lewis. 1t was the clearest stream
they had yet encountered and The caus
OF 1t waS-which, Of course, they oil
not know-that the stream is fed b
gigantic springs at the sources OF II
various tributaries, SC that its bed ma
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

sired station does not come in with
strength comparable to the ordinary
speaking voice at this point, then the
broadcaSting stations strength is such
that reception is impossible. Forcing
q weak signal in with full volume
along with the ever present noise level
can do no good.
ITO picture in your mind how ex-
tremely slight the noise level must be
to allow any reception at all, consider
the almost inflnitesimal electric energy
received from a distance of some 1,00C
miles and divide that energy by two
and you have the signal strength OF the
average noise level originating probab-
ly within q block OF so of your radio
set. Great assistance car be given
toward locating this infinitesimal ener-
gy given of by a spark or arc by whole
hearted cooperation with your neigh
bors. your local power company and
radio club.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06
POWER SOLVES
RADIO STATIC
GREAT FALLS CLUB OFFICIALS
EXPLAIN FEW OF MANY IN
PREFERENCE CAUSES
Montana Is One Of Those Areas Where
Noise Level Appears When Listener
Is Forcing Set With Full Volume Try
ing to Pick Up Weak Broadcast.

Since the advent of c0mmercialized
radio b~rOadcasting for the entertain
ment Of the public and the benefit
deriver therefrOm for the advertisers,
the principal effort 0f the broadcast
ing companies has been to reach as
many radio sets as possible, officials
Of the Great Falls Radio club point
out In their educational campaign.
However, where an area Is sparscly
settled or the ratio Of population TO
broadcasting costs did not square
with profits and good business, such
areas were ignored as far as attempt
ing to reach radio sets with full
strength broadcast signals was con-
cerned.
Montana is one OF these areas,
therefore the noise level appears while
We are forcing these sets with full
volume striving to bring in weak broad
cast that is not meant for us, but
which occasionally the atmosphere
makes possible for real reception" say
the officials. ION the other hand
manufacturers Of radio receiving sets
have designated supersensitive devices
to meet the public demand for distance
reception. 1t is in attempting this
that u noise level crops out.
Noise level is the sum total of a
multitude Of crackles, huns, means,
roars and sputters, which do not origin
ate in the alley transformer, but rather
from causes SO numerous that one hest
tateS to enumerate them. They are
being created constantly by a busy
world, busy city. busy homes. No mat
ter which way one turns ones eyes
we a discern something which will
cause a disturbance to radio reception
if one is but slightly familiar with
causes and effect Of electric spark
phenomenon.
"All radio listeners should enlighter
themselves on the subject to a sufficient
extent whereby they can determine
whether or not the noise level In their
particular vicinity is being created by
something that can be remedied by CO.
operation with ones neighbors in OBJ
serving the character Of the noise level
time that 1t occurs, II intermittent, at
what point In the vicinity it seems to
have the greatest intensity. If IN in
vestigation Of the neighborhood fails
to bring forth the cause OF the elusive
buzz, the cooperation of the local
power company or radio club should
be asked for and a complete report CIV
en- them Of what has been done.
Ordinarily the normal noise leve'
will not appear sufficiently strong tc
interfere with reception If the volume
Of control is two-thirds on, If the de-
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

Rich in Indian relics is the region
around Miss0ula and in Ravalli c0un-
ty. Many relics are in the possession
of MissOula residents and others are
buried deep in the ground, accord
ing to Prof. Harry Turney-High of
the State university.
Those relics in the ground should
be dug up and others should be col
lected, classified and placed in a mu-
scum on the State university campus,
where they would prove invaluable
to the students and to anthr0pOlO-
gists, who might find in them the
secret culture Of America lie said.
Professor Turney-High has a class
in anthropology at the university. His
plan regarding the Indian junk
formulated in connection with that
course, is tWo-fold-to collect those
relics which repose in the attics and
out of the way corners in Missoula
homes and to interest Montana people
sufficiently that they will want to assist
in the project by forming weekend
excavating parties. With support OF
amateur enthusiasts, this work could
be carried on without any expense,
Professor Turney-High pointed out.
Western Montana was the meeting
ground of barbarian aborigines from
the north, dumb" one from the west
and civilized Indians from the east.
he said. Therefore, the answer to the
question, How did the culture of
America occur?" must lie right there,
buried with the Indian relics. 1t is
Professor Turney-High's ambition to
arouse interest of western Montana
residents in this project as that will
enlist endeavors Of professional arch
biologists with whom he is in touch
The result may be that Indian civili-
cation will be made known to the en-
tire world. Now little is known on
the subject.
Professor Turney-High promises that
all donors of relics for a museum On
the university campus would be given
full credit for their contributions. The
articles would be classified by the pro-
fessor, perhaps with the help of some
Of his colleagues, and could be used
daily by students in their study OF
a~nthropology.
These Indian trophies have no f.
nancial value and their scientific value
decreases yearly, he said. The work Of
unearthing them and excavating for
the innumerable relics which probably
lie buried In the region can be done
with comparative ease now but great
difficulty would be encountered if the
project were to be left until years hence,
he said.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06
to the Bibles Record of the Same Event: Richard SandervI

IN abundance of all good things, ami
NAL as we'll as vegetable. Never need
The newly created want for food while
sun shone. He could not be tainted
with being a poor provider. 1t is little
wonder the jewellers of earth in their
primitive state, almost universally wor-
shipped him. He was something tan
gible-they could see and feel his warm
rays, and by degrees came to associate
all the benefits they enjoyed with
suns reign.
Napi looked upon the products of
his skill and, in the language of Scrip
lure, found them not only good" but
he delighted in them. How could he
reward them fittingly for the mere fact
Of being? He took the subject under
consideration, and finally decided to
let them decide the matter. He said
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06
q The Indian

intermediary position; his mere pres.
ence inspires his father with reneNec
courage and renders it Impossible foi
Night-Light to carry out her threa'
without first killing her son.
Napi's aid was also demanded. Ht
was to serve another purpose by the
joint command Of his parents, Wht
seem to have continued their plan Of
creation, undisturbed by the snake III
cident leading to the fatal threat. Thi.
is proof that while a woman keeps hel
head, she is capable of almost any
thing.
Napi Sent TO Earth
Napi's position was quite as importan
as that of his brother in the genera
scheme. Because we do not see hin
need not make us doubt his existence
Without Napi neither the earth no
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

it's inhabitants could have been, ac-
cording to the old men of the tribe.
Both Sun and Night-Light, continued
Mr.. Sanderville. dispatched Napi to
earth with the command to people 1t.
Obediently Napi moulded clay into the
form of man and woman. This done,
four times he breathed upon them and
they became living beings. Eyes had
they, but they saw not, as "a darkness
was over all the earth" They CROPPED
around feeling their way here and
there. What their seeking fingers
touched they came to accept as their
Mother Earth. Forthwith Suns glow
ing face appeared, and they recog-
nized their father.
Genially he beamed upon them, and
Earth responded to his ardor. 1t
clothed itself In verdure. Fruit and
flowers abounded. On every hand was
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

to them, Each Of you shall make one
wish, and whatever you ask for shall
be yours-irrevocably yours"
This is our first intimatiOn that hui
man beings were credited with thought
They had reached a point in menta,
evolution when they could be trusted
to think for themselves and voice then
wishes.
The man. as always, was the n tc
head the program. Looking about him
and fully conscious of the gravity Of
the situation. his glance fell on a brook
near at hand. On it lay a twig thai
floated down stream with the current
Now and then it was submerged only
to come to the surface and ride gallant
ly onward. :.
The man, absorbed in the sight
watched the twig until, still dancing
on the surface, it disappeared from
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

speed that he saw her arrive at q
large tree, wherein She tapped, when
Immediately a handsome young man
emerged, and a half hour of dalliance
ensued.
He Finds the Snake
Sun marked well the preliminaries
to this love-making, by which he
profited the next day. With the ex-
cuse that he was going hunting-what
or where is not stated, although up
to this point no mention had been made
Of the creation Of animals-he made a
bee line for the tree, where he eau
tiouSly tapped. In response a head
appeared, which Sun lost no time in
firmly %grasping. Then with a long
pull and a strong pull he drew out
a snake-a relative undoubtedly of that
which caused trouble in Eden.
No matter how the reptile writhed
and twisted, Sun held fast to his neck,
and soon dispatched him. The snake
was dead-Sun need no longer fear
that he would interfere in the domestic
relations Of the two celestial beings
but it would be well to dispose Of the
remains before Night-Light learned
what had happened. Sun built a pyre,
and on it burned the body of his late
rival.
This bonfire must have been a ire
mendous affair for, as the flames
mounted, Night-Light, her woman's in
stinct aided by the direction of the
brilliant light, not only became aware
q tragedy had been enacted, but also
that Sun was an important factor in it.
Without an instant's delay she sped
in the direction of the fire, having the
foresight to arm herself with her penn
mican FOUNDER, the material preface to
the rolling pin.
On her arrival at the tree, she saw
her fear confirmed, as beside the pyre
of her lost lover stood her avenging
husband, against whose strength the
pemmican FOUNDER was powerless. Then
and there Sun slew her by cutting off
her head, forgetting momentarily that
she was immortal, like himself.
Tongue Remains Intact
Here he made his mistake. Night
Lights tongue remained intact, and like
mortal woman, she could use it to
good effect. No sooner did the head
fall from the body than it started to
roll towards Sun, exclaiming, IF / ever
CdUNAA up WILL YOU, A16AlC tllLAl dllQ UllClC
chaos will result. There will nc longer
be a world"
Sun took one glance at the revolv-
ing head that was rapidly approach
ing. 1t was sufficient. He did not
stop to argue the question, but began
the retreat that has endured to this
day. Always he fees and Night-Light
pursues.
Sun and Night-Light were the happy
parents of two sons. One of these was
Morning Star and the other Napi, or
Old Man. Notwithstanding his ON
Impotence, Sun was not at all sure he
could defend himself against Night
Light of whom, with or without her
pemmican FOUNDER, he stood in whole
some dread. He did not feel equal to
keeping up this endless race through
the ages, alone and unaided. He must
have a companion-One who by sex
and blood was allied to him. Loud
rang his call to Morning Star to come
to his assistance.
Morning Star heard and obeyed, al
once taking his place between his
father and mother, realizing that il
the head won the ace he would share
in the general debacle. 1t keeps him
moving, as one may see who scans the
heavens. Never does he abandon hi
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

Before you sympathize with folks who
are miserable, determine If they enjoy
being miserable. There are people VINO
are never happy except when they're
Observation-Disclosures tKans.) Globe.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06

Since the earliest knowledge the white man has had of Indians: he has
found the red nan 10 be a devout worhipper of a supreme being. This sketch
of the Medicine Wheel a former Indian shrine in the Marias river country
was drawn by Joe De Yong, noted western artist. The wheel "a constructed
of rocks laid along the lines indicated and to it, no doubt, early day Montana
Indians repaired to make medicine. for whatever purpose their enterprises
may have had in mind, for the continuance Of good health, the success of war
parties Or horse stealing raids. In connection with Mr.. Sandervines narrative
of the BLaGkfeet story of the creation as recorded by Mrs. PIassmann, 1t Is an
interesting exhibit as to the religious trend of the aboriginal mind.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1930-02-06
MUSEUM
IS BEING URGED
STATE UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR
SAYS 1T WOULD GREATLY AID
IN ANTHROPOLOGY STUDY

Says Western Montana Is Rich In
Relics of A~borigines Which II Col
lected Would Do Much To Throw
Light Upon History of Indian Culture
The Wrangell sentinel., 1930-09-18
HOSPITAL NOTES

Dennis Hyhnd, Telegraph Creek guide who entered the hospital about two weeks ago, is recovering nicely and will be able to return to his home on the next trip of the river boat.
 Mrs Jack Wrathall, who arrived from Telegraph Creek on the last trip of the Hazel B. No. 4, is re- covering from an operation.
 Mrs. s. D. Grant, who has been indisposed for the past week. is re- ported up and about again.
 Charles Wheatley of Boston, Mass. arrived from Telegraph Creek oD the Hazel B. No. i after a summers prospecting on Dome Creek in the Gold Pan country.