davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26

mus at Darien, which Is something
more than the length of the present
canal route.
Lures Many Adventure Cravers.
For more than four centuries this
whole stretch Of land has been the
scene of the activity of the worlds
greatest adventures, most Of them
seeking the development Of trade
routes to the Orient or the expansion
of trade at this crossroads Of the West
ern continents.
From the days Of Columbus Spanish
explorers began feeling their way at
the Panama and Darien region, search
ing in vain for water route to the
East Indies. In 1918 the great adven-
turer Vasco Nunez de Balboa stood
Silent upon peak in Darien" and saw
the blue waters Of the Pacific stretch
ing away in the endless distance. Bal
boa was by no means the first explorer
on the isthmus, but he has gone down
in history as the discoverer Of the
Pacific.
The question Of a canal across the
Isthmus was raised even at that early
day. Soon after Columbus and Balboa,
as the Spanish and other explorers
came to the conclusion that land barred
the direct route to Cathay, the idea Of
canal began to be discussed. The
Portuguese navigator Antonio Galvao
as early as 1850 published a book In
which he endeavored to show that q
canal could be constructed at Tehuan-
tepec, Nicaragua, Panama or Darien.
About the same time the Spanish his
torian Gomara submitted q memoran-
dun to Philip II urging that the work
of building canal be begun by Spain.
But Spain at that time had monopoly
of commerce in the West Indian and
Caribbean regions and, not being anx-
ious to open a route to the Pacific
which would benefit its rivals, was cold
toward the plan.
But through the next 200 years the
project for a waterway between the two
Continued on Fourth Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26

N Jew llBnC was recently IiuoWA oA
the long trail of romance, ira
dition and history connected
/ Y with the Panama Canal by
studies of War Department OFF,
Gals and especially by researches and
inquiries which have been made per-
sonally by Secretary OF War Patrick
j. Hurley.
The subject is a compelling one under
any circumstances, but 1t takes on all
the more interest and fascination as
the Panama Canal gradually expands
in importance as the worlds greatest
highway of international trade, as 1t
FORCES ahead of the SueZ, as the COM
merce of the West and East becomes
year by year more dependent upon 1t,
and as the attention of the Government
of building a second canal to meet the
needs Of the expanding merchant fleets
that pass back and forth between the
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Among the numerous phases OF the
story of the canal and of the history
of the Isthmus of Panama and Central
America which is entwined with it there
Is none more striking than the Inflated
attempt to establish Scotch colony at
Darien nearly two and half centuries
ago. The attempt ended in suffering,
tragedy and disaster. Had the scheme
of colonization succeeded, as it might
well have done but for certain adverse
influences and circumstances which
could have been foreseen, Great Britain
today probably would be in possession
Of the canal region and in control Of
the Panama Canal, as she Is In control
of the SueZ But the arm Of the Span
ish Government, then long and power
full drove off the Scotch colonists-and
their attempt to gain a foothold on the
isthmus and establish a great world
trading center, now is almost forgotten.
Few Adventures Survive.
There is another interesting and Pc
culiarly fitting phase Of the story OF
Darien and Panama. Most OF the UNI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26

gena. there is a small island known as
Golden Island. 1t was just to the south
of this island that the Darien colony,
known as New Caledonia, was located.
Today the town is known as Porto
Escoces, but the name Caledonia still
survives in one way and another along
the isthmus.
Hurley Paid Visit.
On his visit to Panama Secretary
Hurley few over a large part Of the
isthmus. He saw the old walls of Porto
Bello, through which passed the Span
ish pack trains laden with silver from
the mines Of the Western. World; he
saw the scenes Of the activity of Nor
gan and his buccaneers, and he had
opportunity to look at close range upon
New Caledonia and the few traces still
left of the ancient Scottish colony. But
for the most part such traces have long
since been effaced. Where the fortif1-
cations and other works and houses of
the colonizerS once stood there are now
only few matched hutS. The jungle
has reached out and swallowed up most
Of the remnants Of what once gave
promise of being hourishing enter
prise.
The moving spirit in this enterprise
was William Paterson, economist. writ
er, financier, adventurer-altogethe one
of the most remarkable men Of his CEN
fury. Bankers to this day study his
career and revere his name. That is
because he founded the Bank of Eng
land. But his ill-starred effort to plant
a great Scotch colony on the 1Sthmus
Of Panama possessed far greater po-
tentialities for the economic future Of
England than did his founding of its
great financial institution.
First. then, bit of geography and
a bit Of history by way Of explanation.
The Isthmus of Panama Is the term
now applied to that whole neck Of land
between the Northern and Southern
Continents. To the east or where the
Panama Canal is located are the 18TH
mus of San Bias and the Isthmus OF
Darien. 1t Is 46 miles across the 18TH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26
Thousands Pay Puccini Great Tribute
AS LA BOheme" Is Presented at Villa

ROME-Torre del Lago and the
genius Of Puccini have had their most
enthusiastic apotheosis in the perform
ance Of La Boheme" given in the
maestro's villa near Viareggio. The
impressions are so tumultuous and deep
that it is almost impossible to give q
connected description Of the fairy
scenes and music evoked in the very
surroundings where Puccini composed
the most celebrated of his works, which
in Paris alone once ran for q success
sion Of 1000 nights at the Opera
Goul1us.
Thousands Stand Outside.
viareggio, the most fashionable Sum-
mer beach and bathing place, which
Il only O short drive from Tore del
Lago, wanted to come en- maSse for the
performance. There were not means Of
transport nor seats enough. Prepare
tons had been made In the garden Of
the villa for only 1000 spectators,
which was considered already very
great, and 1000 succeeded in getting
access to the seats and standing room
inside the magic circle. How many
other thousands stood outside and
listened under the trees to the music
could not be counted.
An avenue OF ugnCS, WIN oO TIL
umphal arches, led from Viareggio to
the villa. People came from all parts
of Italy and even from other coun-
tries. Among the first were Prince
Louis and the hereditary Princess Char
lotte Of Monaco and Monte Carlo, two
Of the greatest admirers and friends
of Puccini during his lifetime. The
distinguished visitors were received be-
fore the performance in the evening
ct the villa by Antonio Puccini, son OF
the composer; Signora Fosca Leonardo
daughter Of the maestro, and theiI
family Of children.
Tomb Covered with Flowers.
The tomb where his remains lie wa,
covered with flowers. and so was thu
piano at which he composed so man!
of his melodies and which remains
untouched and as sacred as the tomb
It was in these rooms through which
we walked that Puccini composed hi
scores for La Vie de Boheme" an
most of his other later composition
ne first had rustic cottage at Chiatr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26
Il. I. Referendum Clear.

The third Of the referenda to be
taken November 4 Is simplicity itself,
and brevity itself It is to be taken in
Rhode Island and It reads:
1.-The eighteenth amendment to the
Constitution Of the United States:
Shall 1t be retained?"
That Is clear. Any Rhode Island
voter can write yes" or mo" and be
confident he Is expressing what he wants.
Likewise, the rest Of us can be confident
that we know what Rhode Island wants.
Yet this form of referendum is sub
jet to the defect familiar In referen-
dat does not present two clear al
tentative methods of dealing with pro-
hibition. It presents one concrete al
Tentative, which Is the present status.
But who knows what Is the other al
tentative, what Is the kind Of liquor
law proposed to be substituted for the
present status? It Is conceivable, for
example, that q Rhode Island voter
would vote against the present status.
but would also vote against State OPP
Grafton on the Canadian plan II that
were the alternative presented to him.
II these referenda were to give the
enlightenment that many persons ear
neStly wish for, they should be phrased
so as to present alternatives. In every
such referendum one alternative would
be the present status, the eighteenth
amendment as 1t now works. The other
alternative should be some one clearly
stated proposal for dealing with the
liquor problem-such an admirably spe-
ciflc proposal, for example, as former
Gov. Alfred Smith put forward when he
was running for President.
In any event, these three referenda
to be voted upon on November are q
conspicuous phase of the campaign.
There will be q world Of discussion of
the results for weeks and months sue
ceeding November 4. The exact text of
them Is important, and here 1t is. In
cidentally, the procuring of the texts
involved some little dificulty. Neither
Of the two party headquarters In WASH
ington possessed them. That fact has
some significance of its own.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26
BY HENRY w. BUM.

following is brief summary
of the most important news Of
the world for the seven days
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26
BY JOHN SNURE.

YEW light was recently thrown on
the long trail of romance, ira
III dition and history connected
Y with the Panama Canal by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26

Continued on Fourth Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-10-26

Feng's troops on the Lunghai Railway
in Honan were gradually driven back,
and in November hoStilities ceased
without either army gaining q decisive
victory.
During the Winter Yen and Feng per-
fected their preparations for q revolt
against Marking, enlisting the support
of the disgruntled military leaders and
anti-Nanking politicians. including
Wang Shing- wei, who had returned to
Hongkong from abroad, where he had
been in exile. Yen exchanged messages
with Chang Wai-shek, assuring the
generalissimo of his loyalty, while Chi
ang replied with professions Of faith in
the Shansi warlord's adherence.
Meanwhile both leaders were making
for war, which broke out
in March. 1880. The northern coali-
ton, In addition to the Military forces
Of Yen and Feng and Independent gen.
erals IN Houan. included t. Sabel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mrs. Guy Bush Of Los Angeles, Calf,
who is staying at the Powhatan while
attending the conference Of the Ma
tional League of American Pen Women,
will be a guest at the National PARK
Seminary today, the institution nom
which she graduated in 1907, and VIII
give a lecture on "Humor and Philan-
thropy," with music accompaniment;
Mrs. Bush is a composer and so skilled
In execution that she gave IL concerts
en- route to Washington from California
with both the words and music score OF
her own composition.
The Russian gala concert, postponed
and now slated for Saturday evening
is attracting the attention OF music
lovers in Washington society. The al
fair, to De given in Memorial Con-
tinental Hall, under the auspices OF the
Grand Duke Alexander of Russia Tor
the benefit of st. Alexander's Russian
Orthodox Church, bears promise OF be-
ing a real musical treat.
Mrs. Perle Barti, operate soprano,
and Mr.. Michael Shvetz, basso, Will pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

vide the vocal portion Of the program,
while Mr.. Emanuel Zetlin, violinist, and
Mr.. Nicolas Kopeikine, pianist, will con-
tribute to the instrumental side. Rus
sian classics and the lighter folk songs
will have an equal place on the pro-
gram, which Is under the direction OF
Lieut. Basil p. Toutorsky.
Mime. Rimsky- Korsakoff has secured
as additional patrons: Senator William
H. King, Mrs. Hamilton Fish, jr.;
Mrs. Lawrence Townsend, Mrs. George
Mesta, Mrs. S. Walcott, Mrs. Alexander
Trowbridge, Prince Alexis Obalensky,
Prince George Scherbatoff, Mr.. and
Mrs. Robert Livingston, Mrs. Henry
LOOMS. Col. Baron Michael Tarnow,
Capt Walter Fletcher Smith, Bishop
John w. Hamilton and Nine. Grouitch.
TIT Art and Archaeology League of
Washington has sent out cards for u
lecture on THE Origin and Develop
ment of Medieval Universities" by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

rious posts and veteran organizations,
together with the American flags of
each organization. In the Chinese
room the national colors of the allied
nations will be displayed to advantage
and form the background for the
dancers. During an intermission Doris
s. Rosedale, II years old, Will entertain
with several artistic dances.
The guests will be received by a re-
ception committee headed by Past De-
partment Comdr. Harlan Wood, who
will be assisted by Past National Com
mander-in- Chief Rice w. Means Of the
United Spanish War Veterans, Repre-
sentative Robert G. Simmons OF Ne
braska, Representative j. Mitchell Chase
of Pennsylvania, Maj. Gen. John A.
Leiuene, Mai Gen. Peter G. Harris. Maj.
Gen, A. A. Bethel Gen. Frank T. Hines,
Gen. William Mitchell, Past Depart
ment Comdr. John Lewis Smith, Mr..
Paul j. McGahan, Mr.. Watson B. Miller,
Mr.. Frank L. Peckham, Mr.. j. Miller
Kenyon, Mr.. Julius I. Peyser, Capt.
George F. Unmacht, Mr.. John Thomas
Taylor, Mrs. Mary Esther Kolhos Miss
Beatrice Bowman, Miss Emily j. Carey,
Miss Pauline M. McVey, Mrs. Anne
Humphrey. Mrs. Lucille Allan, Mr.. j.
O'Connor Roberts, Mr.. Theodore Cogs-
we'll, Mr.. Paul v. Collins. Mr.. Charles
H. knight, Mr.. Frederic William Vile,
Mr.. William Wolff Smith, Mr.. F. C.
Roberts and Mr.. Howard F. Breese.
Additional patrons and patronesses to
the bail include Senator Hiram Bing-
ham, Senator Morris Sheppard and
Representative Hamilton Fish, jr.; Miss
Jessie Dell, United States civil service
commissioner; Mr.. A. w. Hall, director
of the Bureau of Engraving and Print
ing; Past Dept. Comdr. Julius I. Pey-
ser, Mrs. Helen w. Wilson, Mrs. Mabel
Willebrandt, Mrs. Jane w. Coyle, Mr..
Louis Little, Surg. Gen. Hugh S. Cum
mings, United States Public Health
Service; Mr.. Isaac Cans, Mrs. Mary
Roberts Rhinehart and Maj. Gen. Peter
G. Harris.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

following the procession Of clubs, at 8
o'clock Saturday. The plays viii be
given on the three nights ct 8 o'clock.
The women's Army and Navy League
will have charge of the luncheons and
teas during the days of the National
Capital Horse Show, May II, is, is and
II. Mrs Luts Whal Is in charge of res
ervations for parties and the proceeds
will 60 to the benefit of the work Of the
league.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mrs. William Gerry Morgan, wife of
the president of the American Medical
Association, will be the guest Of honor
at a luncheon Monday at the Chevy
Chase Club with the Woman's Auxiliary
Of the Medical Society OF the District OF
Columbia as hosts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

DR.. George s. Duncan, professor of
Egyptology in the American University
left this morning for Toronto Uni
versity, Canada, where he will lecture
on 1.-The Civilization of the Sumerians
in $500 B. c.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23
Winter Of New York. cousin Of Miss

Winter of New York. cousin Of Miss
Dial.
Mrs. George Enery Crosby and her
cousin, Miss Bertha Ohr, left yesterday
for Atlantic City and will return
Sunday.
Miss Katharine ONeil of New York
Is visiting Capt. Carl Schmidt, u. S.
M. c., and Mrs. Schmidt.
MIR. Patton Wise slemp motored over
from Kentucky to spend Easter Monday
with Mrs. Slemp. Mrs. Slemp was called
from Kentucky March on account
of the illness of her mother, Mrs Fred
bennett. Mr.. Slemp has made periodical
trips to Washington from Kentucky, as
has Mrs. Dement'S son, Lieut.. r.
Rodney bennett, U. s. NJ, who has
come from LakehurSt, N. j., where he
is stationed. Mrs. Slemp will remain
with her mother until her recovery.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. M. Lathrop have
as their house guests Mrs. Lathrop's
sister, Mrs Chester @. Abbott, and her
two daughters, Nancy and Mary, OF
Detroit, Mich.
Mr.. and Mrs. M. F. Lewis of Yonkers,
N. Y, with their son, are staying at the
Dodge Hotel while in Washington.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. Benton Porter of
Philadelphia have arrived at the
Carlton, where they will spend several
days.
ID. C. American Legion Ball
at Mayflower Hotel This Evening.
The annual ball of the Department Of
the District of Columbia of the Ameri-
can Legion, which will take place to-
night In the Maydower Hotel from 8
to / o'clock, will be the mecca for
Legionnaires and their friends and is
expected to be one of the most colorful
affairs in the history of this local vet
eran organization.
The color scheme will be enhanced
by the uniforms of Uncle Sans vet
Grams, side by side with the respondent
military and naval uniforms of the
allied nations which participated in the
World War. The ball will be held in
the large ball room and the Chinese
room, with the orchestra located be-
tween the two rooms. The boxes in the
large ball room will be attractively
decorated with the colors of the va
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Bethesda Women's Club
Easter Dance Tomorrow Night.
The Easter dance sponsored by the
Women's Club of Bethesda will be given
In the club house Friday evening, be-
CONTINUED on Fourth Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mrs. J. Kennedy Moorhead and Miss
M. B. Crooks Of Pittsburgh are at the
Dodge Hotel for the remainder Of the
week
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

The clubs and classes Of Neighbor-
hood House have issued invitations 70
the twenty-eighth annual Spring lesCl.
val to be given Thursday, Friday and
Saturday, May /, 2 and 3, from 1880 to
10 o'clock each day.
No tickets will be sold this year since
Neighborhood House Is now financed by
the Community Chest. To defray ex-
penses, the admission will be the same
as other years, but will be paid at the
entrance.
The plays in the garden Thursday
and Friday afternoon will be delight
fully presented by the little folk ana
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Canon Arson Phelps Stokes, Saturday
evening at 8 o'clock, in Whitby school
of the National Cathedral School for
Girls, through the courtesy OF Miss Ma.
bel Turner, principal. Mrs. Mitchell
Carroll is president of the league and
Miss Harriet e. Garrels is secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mrs. Edwin @. Andrews of Boston Is
at the Willard for several days.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mrs. James MacGregor of Aitkin,
Mimi, is at the Dodge Hotel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Q company Of 20 at luncheon today
ut the Mayfiower Hotel in compliment
to Mrs. Woodrow Wilson and Nine.
Grouitch.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mr.. and Mrs. David Phillip Browder
Of Richmond, Va, today announced the
marriage of their daughter Anne to Mr..
James w. Morris, jr., son of the Rev.
and Mrs James w. Morris Of Wash
1ngton. Monday, April 81, at Camp
Springs, Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

DR.. and Mrs. Henry L. Hillegas Of
Santiago, Chile, who have been visiting
the Du Points in Wilmington, are at the
Willard this week
Mrs. Paul NJ Linebarger win be hostess
at a tea this afternoon, from to s
o'clock in the new headquarters Of the
National Woman's Party, at la B
street northeast in honor of Mrs. Emile
Berliner, widow Of the famous inventor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Miss Rebecca Dial will entertain at
an informal studio party this evening
in honor Of Mrs. M. F. Grossheim,
Mrs. Charles Stark and Mrs Clark
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mr.. Coleman Jennings is in Rochester,
N. Y, where he went to be best man
for the Rev. Charles Leslie Glenn of
New York, son of Mr.. and Mrs Charles
Glenn Of Jersey City, at his marriage
to Miss Georgianna Farr Sibley, daugh-
ter OF Mr.. and Mrs. Harper Sibley of
Rochester. The ceremony took place
yesterday In st. Paul's Episcopal Church.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

The Rev. F1orian Vurpillot and Nine.
Vurpillot will sail Saturday on the
Europa for Carlsbad. On their return
they will spend the Summer at their
house, Chez Nous, at Williamstown,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Miss Katharine ONeil of New York
Is visiting Capt. Carl Schmidt, U. s.
NJ c.. and Mrs. Schmidt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mrs. George r. Farnum, who has
been passing few weeks at the Ward
man Park Hotel, left yesterday for New
York, where she will be for a short visit
before joining Mr.. Farnum in their
home in Boston.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mrs. George Ellery Crosby and her
cousin, Miss Bertha Ohr, left yesterday
for Atlantic City and will return
Sunday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

The Rev. Archibald Campbell Knowles
and Mrs. Knowles have arrived in
Washington from their home in Phila-
delphia and are stopping at the Carlton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mr.. and Mrs. Carl w. Mitman were
hosts to company of IL at bridge and
supper at their home last evening when
their guests were Mr.. and Mrs. Howard
Nichols, Mr.. and Mrs. James F. Nolan,
Capt. and Mrs. Leroy Shoemaker, Mr..
and Mrs. Harris Baldwin and Mr.. and
Mrs. j. G. Freeland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mr.. and Mrs. M. F. Lewis of Yonkers,
N. Y, with their son, are staying at the
Dodge Hotel while In WASHINGTON.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1930-04-23

Mr.. and Mrs. F. M. Lathrop have
as their house guests Mrs. Lathrop's
sister, Mrs. Chester @. Abbott, and her
two daughters, Nancy and Mary, Of
Detroit. Mich.
New Britain herald., 1930-08-18
DEATH PRECEDED
 BY PHONE CALLS
Mystery Surrounds Demise Of State Senator--Inquest Ordered

Chicago, Aug. IS CP,-The story Of Mrs. John T. Joyce that she re- ceived several anonymous telephone calls the night before her husband, d state senator, died mysteriously, sent police on a search today for known enemies of the laWmaker.
 Mrs. Joyce said the calls started Friday afternoon and lasted until that evening. She was first warned that the senator was to be shot and later was told that he had hecn shot three times.
 Senator Joyce died suddenly Sat urday morning under circumstances that led his brother, Edward Joyce. 10 suggest that he might have been poisoned and prompted the coroner 10 order an inquest and have the vital organs examined.
 Among those whom police sought 10 question regarding Joycc's death Eangster who was believed 10 have been the intended victim Of ma chine gun attack at Rockford H., last week. Abbott was not wounded although man standing near him Was instantly killed and Ahbott's car was hit several times.
 Joyce appeared before a grand jury on election frauds last week and he was reported 10 have idenu- fed Abbott as one ot the Gunmcn who inyatcd the forty second ward during the April primary.