Evening star., 1929-12-03
j. S. LEADS DRIVE
FOR PEACE IN EAST
Japan Dissents, Refusing to
Join Move to Halt War Be-
tween China and Russia.
CONTINUED From First Page)

tCOntlnueo from First PageJ
was suggested by the United States
would be interpreted by the Chinese as
an intervention in their favor and in
terfere with prospects for peace.
In addition, it was asserted that
Japan. while seeing no objection to
America and Great Britain sending
notes, considered this course of ac-
ton unnecessary in view of direct
,e>ccc negotiations between the Man
C:luTIaT> r;-~o"jprial government and the
Soviet Union.
While world powers are moTing to
bring peace with Russia on the Man.
churian frontier China is being torn
again by internal strife. Dispatches re-
Ceived in London from Hongkong told
of heavy fighting for possession of Can
ton, with Kwangsiites and ''IronsideS"
engaging the Cantonese revolutionary
forces.
Stimson Refers to Casualties.
A statement by Secretary Stimson
which accompanied the publication to-
day of the text of the American memo
randum set forth that many casualties
had resulted from recent Chinese
Russian border conflict. with thousands
of people driven from their homes, and
asserted that since the dispute began
no effective steps had been taken by
either of the nations to arbitrate the
controversy.
The efficacy of the Kellogg treaty,
he continued. depends upon the SIN
cerity of the governments which are
party to it. its sole sanction lies in the
power of the public opinion of those
countries, and if the Manchurian dis
turbance is allowed to pass unnoticed
or unprotected, the intelligent strength
of the public opinion of the world in
support of peace cannot but be i'm
paired"
The memorandum, which was sent
In identic form to both Moscow and
Marking, recalled that in July, both
Russia and China, in response to re-
minder from America, gave formal as
Surance that the commitments of the
Kellogg treaty would be fulfilled. It
spoke Of 'the apprehensive concern"
with which America has observed the
trend of events In Manchuria.
Text of Note.
The fali text of the note is as fol-
lows:
we have been engaged in discussions
with the governments of several of the
other powers signatory to the pact of
Paris in regard to the situation in Man
churia. During the past few days or
ganized Russian forces have been in
conflict with organized Chinese forces
near Dailinor, In Northern Manchuria
It is credibly reported that many cas-
ualties occurred and that thousands of
the inhabitants of the neighboring
towns have been driven from their
homes. Although the causes of the
conflict are IN dispute and the Eac-
counts are somewhat contradictory It is
clear that serious encounters between
military forces of China and Russia
have occurred. It also is Clear that
during the months since this contro.
versy began no effective steps have been
taken by the Chinese and Russian gov
ernments looking toward an arbitra-
ton of the dispute or its settlement
through neutral conciliation or other
pacific means. The efficacy of the pact
of Paris depends upon the sincerity of
the governments which are party to it.
It's sole sanction lies in the power of
public opinion of the countries, con-
stitutfng substantially the entire civil
lied world, whose governments have
joined in the covenant. If the recent
events In Manchuria are allowed to pass
without notice or protest by any of
strength Of the public opinion of the
world in support Of peace cannot but
be impaired.
No Suggestion of Intervention.
''We have found in our discussions
referred to above community of view
with regard to the fundamental princi-
Piles. There has been in these discus
sions no suggestion of the intervention
of any kind. Discussions have been di-
rected to discovering the best means of
expressing the opinion of each of the
nations by way of demonstrating
against the use of force by either side
in this controversy.
THE Government of the United States
has sent to China and Russia the fol-
lowing statement:
1.-The Government and people of
the United States have observed with
apprehenSive concern the course of
events in relations between China and
Russia in the phase which has de-
veloped in reference to the situation
in Northern Manchuria since July 10.
+" On July 18, this Government took
steps, through conversations between the
Secretary of State and the diplomatic
representatives at Washington of five
powers, to see that the attention of the
Chinese and the Russian governments
be called to the provisions Of the treaty
for the remuneration of war, to which
both China and Russia were sigma
tories. Both the Russian and the CHI
neSe governments then made formal
and public assurances that neither
would resort to war unless attacked.
Since that time that treaty has been
ratified by no less than SIS powers, In
cluding China and Russia.
Pact Provisions Are Cited.
"'The American Government desires
again TO call attention to the provisions
of the treaty for the remuneration OF
war, particularly to article 2, which
reads, THE high contracting parties
agree that the settlement or solution
of all disputes on conflicts of whatever
nature or of whatever origin they may
be, which may arise among them, shall
never be sought except by pacific
means" and the American Government
takes occasion to express its earnest
hope that China and Russia will re-
frain or desist from measures of hos
tility and will find it possible in the
near future to come to an agreement
between themselves upon method FOL
resolving by peaceful means the issues
over which they are at present in con-
troversy. The American Government
feels that the respect with which China
and Russia hereafter will be held ir
the good opinion of the world viii
necessarily in great measure depend
upon the way iE which they carry out
these most sacred PROMISES