Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-04

pIGSSulB more ana more lNCO our
institutions Of learning: that our
people are seeking q larger vision
through art, literature, science and
travel; that they are moving toward
stronger moral and spiritual life
that from these things our sympa-
thies are broadening beyond the
bounds Of our Nation and race to-
ward their true expression In real
brotherhood of man. They fail to
see that the idealism of America
will lead 1t to no narrow or selfish
channel, but inspire 1t to do its full
share as Nation toward the adj
vancement Of civilization. 1t will
do that not by mere declaration but
by taking a practical part in sup
porting all useful international un-
dertakings. We not only desire
peace with the world, but to see
peace maintained throughout the
world. We wish to advance the
reign of justice and reason toward
the extinction of force.
The recent treaty for the re-
nunciation of war as an instrument
of national policy sets an advanced
standard in our conception of the
relations OF nations. Its acceptance
should pave the way to greater linn
itation of armament, the offer of
which We sincerely extend to the
world. But its full realization also
implies a greater and greater per-
lection in the inStrumentalitieS for
pacific settlement of controversies
between nations. In the creation
and use Of these instrumentalities
we should support every sound
method of Cancellation. arbitration
and judicial settlement. American
statesmen were among the FIRST to
propose and they have constantly
urged upon the world the establish
ment of tribunal for the settle
ment of controversies of a justicia-
BILE character. The Permanent Court
OF International Justice in its major
purpose Is thus peculiarly identified
with American ideals and with
American craftsmanship. No more
potent fundamentally for this pur-
pose has ever been conceived and
no other is practicable of establish
ment. The reservations placed upon
our adherence should not be misin-
terpreted. The United States seeks
by these reservations no special
privilege or advantage but only to
clarity our relation to advisory opin.
ions and other matters which are
subsidiary to the major purpose Of
the court. The way should, and
believe will, be found by which we
may take our proper place In q
movement so fundamental to the
progress Of peace.
Our people have determined that
we should make no political engage
ments such as membership in the
League of Nations. which may COM
init us IN advance as Nation to be-
come involved in the settlements Of
controversies between other coun-
tries. They adhere to the belief that
the independence OF America from
such obligations increases its ability
and availability for service In all
fields Of human progress.
I have lately returned from a Jour-
neys among our sister republics of
the Western Hemisphere. I have re-
ceived unbounded hospitality and
courtesy rs their expression of
friendliness to our country. We are
held by particular bonds Of SYM
pathy and common interest with
them. They are each of them build
Ing q racial character and q cul-
ture which Is an impressive contri-
button to human progress. We wish
only for the maintenance of their
independence, the growth of their
stability and their prosperity. While
We have had wars In the Western
Hemisphere yet on the whole the
record is In encouraging contrast
with that Of other parts of the world.
Fortunately the New World is largely
free from the inheritances of fear
and distrust which have so troubled
the Old World. We should keep it so.
It Is impossible my countrymen,
to speak of peace without profound
emotion. In thousands of homes in
America, In millions Of homes around
the world, there are vacant chairs.
1t would be shameful confession of
our unworthiness IL 1t should de-
velop that we abandoned the hopes
for which all these men died. Surely
civilization is old enough, surely
mankind Is mature enough 20
that we ought in our own lifetime
to find q way to permanent peace.
Amroad to west and east, are ma
tons whose sons mingled their blood
with the blood of our sons on the
battlefields. Most of these nations
have contributed to our race, to our
culture, our knowledge and our
rive our very language and from
many of them much Of the genius
of our institutions. Their desire for
y>aana is Anayn and rSrao~> -.,~
own.
Peace can be contributed to by re-
spect for our ability in defense.
Peace can be promoted by the lirnita-
ton of arms and by the creation Of
the instrumentalities for peaceful
settlement Of controversies. But it
will become q reality only through
self-reStraint and active effort in
friendhneSs and helpfulneSs ] covet
for this administration q record of
having further contributed to ad-
vance the cause Of peace.
Party Responsibilities.
In our form of democracy the ex-
preston of the popular will can be
effected only through the instru-
mentality of political parties. We
maintain party government not to
promote intolerant partisanship, but
because opportunity must be given
for expression Of the popular will,
and organization provided for the
execution of its mandates and for
accountability of government to the
people. 1t follows that the Gov
eminent, both in the executive and
the legislative branches, must carry
out in good faith the platforms upon
which the party was intrusted with
power. But the Government is that
of the whole people; the party is the
instrument through which policies
are determined and men chosen to
bring them into being. The ami
mosities of elections should have no
place in our Government for govern
ment must concern itself alone with
the common veal.