davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-04-20
Negro Workers Must SLAVE
for Bosses and Landlords

Continued from Page One)
pernicious profiteering scheme in
the city. Segregated into dump
ing ground" which has been set aside
for them, they are made to pay the
highest rents. -~se--IA
Lose Prejudice"
There are worst tenement districts
in New York City than Harlem.
There are eire-traps in Harlem, un-
sanitary disease-breeding conditions,
but by far the greatest burden
thrust on the backs of the Negro
workers is the mountain Of rent.
Segregation, leading to overcrowd-
ing which reached its peak about
1928 with the great demand for
apartments caused by the influx of
Negro workers after the war, led
many realtors to see the light. They
suddenly became liberal, lost their
racial prejudice, and made money.
Negro Exploiters.
In 1920, many of the buildings,
which had been abandoned, were
again put into use. Every available
dwelling space was rented at enor-
nous rates. In many cases rents
rose 100 per cent in 1925 and 1926
over just few years back. The rent
raising is still going on. 1t is as
much an institution in Harlem as
are the tenements themselves.
Not only whitelands, but Negro
businessmen say the golden oppor-
tunity. Today it is estimated that
rs per cent of the real estate in
Harlem is under the control of Negro
landlords. They are ju,t as vicious
as the white landlords. A business
man is businessman, no matter
what his color. His aim in life is to
make money, and to make money he
must be an exploiter.
A Bourgeois Mecca.
That is why there was so much
talk after 1920 of the Negro Mecca.
1t was a Mecca for profiteers and
spectators. 1t was a Mecca for
the Negro bourgeois. But it was a
hell for the Negro worker.
Even the State Board of Housing
could not help but comment that it
cannot state too emphatically the
fact, that any housing problem that
exists in the white community, exists
in exaggerated form in Harlem. The
present problem is not the increase
that the Negro like the white tenant
is forced to pay, from year to year,
but the enormous premium he has
to pay in competition with white
tenants"
Workers Nightmares.
Not only are the Negro workers
forced to live in segregated districts,
especially designed for them by the
ruling class, but they must pay for
it in the form of high rents, which
mean long hours of work, overcrowd-
ing in apartments not fit to live in.
Rent raises and dispossession are
the Nightmares of a workers life in
Harlem. In some cases we found
that where there is only one work.
er in the family, he must work at
two jobs. He may work at night as
a porter. He gets few hours sleep
and in the morning goes rustling for
a job on the waterfront. His life
belongs to the landlord.
Every Ounce of Labor Power.
In most cases all the labor power
in the family is used to meet the
landlords demands. Sixty per cent
Of the women in Harlem, which
think to be conservative estimatf,
"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-04-20

is in the Negro Workingclass dis
tricts can be seen from COMPARE
son of health statistics.
The Hospital Information Bureau
of the United Hospital Fund pub
fishes the following information: the
death rate per 100000 of population
is 800 for the Negroes, while it is
81 for the whites in New York City.
The New York City Health De-
partment reports that the rate of
illness among Negroes in New York
City is 10 per cent higher than
among whites.
Infant Mortality.
The infant mortality rate for the
city as a whole is 76 per 1000
births, while for Negro children it
is 1876 per 1000 births.
The Health Bureau estimates that
while deaths from consumption have
declined in the last 10 years, the
rate of decrease among Negroes is
very low and the deaths from that
cause still remain about three times
as great as among whites.
This condition is due to the state
of the houses in which Negro work.
ers are forced to live, the fact that
they have been made the special prey
of boss and landlord.
Do 1t Ourselves.
WE have already told 20 how little
w is to be expected from capitalist
sources in the relieving of this sit
uation. Since 1912 there have been
special state commissions, and the
laws which have been passed were
forced by mass pressure. Even the
little that these laws prescribe in
the way of fire-proof houses and
sanitary conditions, have been en-
tirely ignored by the state and the
landlords.
In closing our series on Harlem,
we can only repeat the solution that
we have explained more than once.
That is for tenants in all parts of
the city to take matters into their
own hands.
House Committees.
This can only be done by organi-
cation. Just as workers in the mills
must organize, first shop commit
tees, then union locals, before put
ting up fight for better conditions
that will be effective, so the tenants
must organize their house commit
tees, which will eventually be united
into block committees and then into
a large union of tenants.
The only way to avoid rent raises
is to refuse to pay them. The only
way to avoid evictions is to refuse
to move. If a whole tenement, or a
whole block, should go on rent
strike, when any tenants, even one,
are threatened with raises or evic-
tions, then we will have the land
lords in our power.
But organization is necessary for
this. There should be house COM
mittee for every tenement in New
York City. Petitions to Albany will
not help, nor will the lobbying poll
ticians, who themselves own tene-
ments.
When the landlord talks raise,
make him talk it to the house COM
mittee. Then, instead of him die
tating raises to us, we will be able
to dictate rent-cuts to him.
On Monday, will apear the first
article on housing conditions in
Latin-American Harlem. To make
this series success, more SUBJ
scribers must be gotten to the
Daily Worker, more Daily Work.
ers must appear on the news
stands, bundles of the Daily must
be distributed in the sections de-
scribed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-04-20
farmer Cheated
out OF LAND BY
MUNITIONS TRUST
Ex-senator Is Leader
in SWindle

A bitter story of the deceit, lies
and ruthless victimization prac-
tised by munitions makers on indig-
cnt farmers, was told to the Daily
Worker yesterday by Michael KEEL
leher, formerly of Simsbury, Conn,
and now living in New York.
Ko"2her is only an incidental
victim Of the Ensign Bickford Com
rany, whose lust for profit has
been arcentuated since Du Pont-
Morgan interests acquired control
of the company, pushing its growth
ahead with savage disregard for the
human victims who stood in the
way.
An elaborate superstructure Of
Ensign officials has been estab-
lished in Simsbury. From ex-Sen-
ator George P. McLean-formerly
oovernor of the Stata-to the most
Instant relatives of the Mclean
1ouse servants-every petty official
n the town bows to the will of
Du Pont and Morgan, Kelleher de-
alares.
For More Explosives.
The hunger for land has been
qnawing at the Ensign Company
ofiicialdom ever since the increased
demand for explosives following the
world war. For the manufacture of
explosives the Du Pont techricians
required more water. Possibilities
Of dam are offered by small
stream which runs through land on
which small farmers exc out a
meagre living with the consent of
the towns rulers. The farmers
therefore be forced off, the masters
declare.
Buy or Break.
81 worked as a steamfitter in five
jobs in the towns" declares Kelle-
her. 81 wouldn't bargain with Nc
Lean, whose job just now is to buy
off or break every man who refuses
to get off the land to be used for
an alleged bird sanctuary. 1t was
easy for Mclean to get me fired
from every job worked at"
Tactics used by the company when
politely suggestive letters fail are
Illuminating. 81 received II letters
at one time-every one of them
from an agent of Mclean" says
Kelleher. zone came from Thomas
Clarity, a brother of McLean's
servant girl. Case, the local tax col
lector, wrote another. I ignored the
letters. Then a worse campaign OF
persecution started. Five men came
to the house, alleging they were
sent to take me away to the lunatic
asylum. I asked for warrant.
They had none, and got out.
Burned Timber.
Some one burned the timber in the
farm. They wrecked the furniture
in the house-and then got more
letters, asking what l would take
for the land. They have stole
thousands of acres of land in this
way for this so-called "bird sane
tuary"-(that sounds harmless) for
an extension of an explosive plant
for years. And on this piece of
land Mclean recently entertained
ex-President Coolidge on fishing
trip.
The pettiest sabotage is used
against those who refuse to get out,
Kelleher says. "The official of the
New Haven Railroad refused to sell
Kelleher's child a ticket to enable
her to get to school at the reduced
children's rate. II had to complain
to the Secretary of the State Board
Of Education before they condo
seconded to allow my girl the reduced
fare"
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
GOLF TRICK SHOT ARTIST
 INTERVIEWED BY HERALD
Clever Australian Gives Exhibition at Madison-houls Chiapetta of Sequin Is One of Foursome-5taft- ed By Entertaining Wounded Solders-Gives Ideas on Jones' Layoff-Doesnt Often Use Queer Meth eds in Competition Discusses New Ball.

The best butter takes the biggest share of the prize money. Tie rest of their game is grooved.
 He allowed me to examine his bag of cluts. His woods are steel shaft cd and the irons have hickory shafts The irons are a mongrel set. "They are of assorted makes" Kirk wood explained, some l have had for a long time" They were not much 10 look at but how he can make them perform.
 The grips of his woods have raised spots on which the fingers rest. It gave the club handles the appear ance of being twisted, like rustic walking stick. "les, I use them in tournament play and like them very I uch." Kirllwood said.
 It was noted that he used recess marked balls exclusively. "Why?" l asked. Simply because I like their looks best Joe replied. But it is q custom among the pros and some of them are strongly of the opinion that they putt better.
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12

being passed by someone else on the bench. The boss is just acting as a Gccoy."
 Catching the Word
 The Giant players say also that McGraw does not give the signals and that some player on the bench gets the word from him and passes it on to the field. The best signal snatchers in the league never have been able to get the word" from the Giant bench. They watch McGraW and get nothing and he doesn't per init the same player to send out the signals two days in row.
 The same strategy prevails on the bench of Connie Mack, our inform ant told us.
 He doesn't order many pitches, , he said, but when there is case where a man might be walked for double play or when a slugger like Ruth or Gchrig is up there, we look down to the bench for the word Sometimes the boss will tell us and other times we won't get a word. He's leaving it up to us. And believe me it don't hurt when the boss takes the attitude that you're a good ball club and he'll leave it up to you And if he don't tell you and you go wrong he don't give you no hell when you get to the bench"
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
BOYS TOURNEY OPENS
One Hundred Players, Including Best in Juvenile Ranks, Competing At Culver, Ind.

Culver, Ind. Aug. 12 UP)-Thc annual national junior and boys tennis tournament opened here to- day, with loo players. including the best in the juvenile ranks, compct- ing.
 Yearly a Mecca for the best ot the young players, the tournament this year has drawn numerous state sectional and municipal champions
 Among the best of those entered were Keith Gledhill, the Santa Bar lara, Cal, youth who recently won the wcsten championship; Els worth Vines, runner-up to Gledhiu in the western tournament; Jay Cohn, Pacific coast bay champion and Charles Hunt, next 10 Cohn considered the best boy player OH the west coast; Richard Hebard, of Whit" Plains N. r.. present boy champion; Walter C. Hines, southern junior champion Kendall Cram, of Nashville, Tenn, national boy indoor champion; and George Boynton. of ht!2nta, Ca, southern boy cham pioH.
 Play will continue throughout the week.
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
Connie Mack S are apt to be misleading.
By HENRY l.. FARRELL

(NEA Service Sports Editor)
 Philadelphia, Aug. 12.-John Me Graw, according to a baseball legend, orders every ball thrown by q Giant pitcher by a complicated system of signals. He also uses the signal sys- tenn, the story goes, to move his in fielders and outfielders from spot to spot.
 It was the sluggishness of Frankie Frisch in catching these signals that caused McGraw to release a player who was considered to be one of the best second basemen in baseball.
 McGraw hasn't had a good second bascman since Frisch was sent down the baseball river to St. Louis. But McGraw sticks to his principle.
 He missed too many signals and he was the captain of the team," McGraw told a friend.
 Mack in the Dugout
 It is also a baseball legend that Connie Mack, the grand old man of the Philadelphia Athletics, flags his players.
 One of the most familiar pictures of the "old man" shows him stand ing on the steps of the dugout with a scorcboard in his hand Tagging his men on the field. It has been accepted as a fact years ago that tn" Philadelphia players depend on the motions of that scoreboard in the l, de of la olI e,
 "Is it true, MT. Mack, that you di- rect the pitching and the positions of the players with that score board 2" we asked him.
 Copnie Plays the Fox
 The genial Connie beamed one of those wide smiles characteristic of him. And wouldn't reply.
 q would not tell you any of his secrets" one of his men said. T am not saying that he does or doesn't will admit that at times when We have a young outficlder or rookie infielder it does no harm to wave a scorcboard one way or the other to get him into a better position. But l will leave it to your own judgment if it is necessary to order every ball pitched by such pitchers as Grove. | Walberg, Earnshaw, Rommel and Quinn.
 That reminds me of the old i story,' he went on, "of the manager who sent up pinch hitter with the i instructions-'Hi home run
 There are times, of course, when a situation arises demanding a mes sage from the bench. We have a way of sending those messages. I will ask you to recall though that we have two of the greatest catchers ir baseball"
 That much is admitted and in the many games we have watched we never have seen Mickey Cochrane ol Cy Perkins or Jimmy Foxx, wher he was catching, look around to the bench like a Giant catcher for the Word
 The scoreboard waving that Macl does, according to his men, is il large part a decoy.
 I've do get a lot of signals iron the boss" one of them said. "Bu they don't come always from tha scoreboard. The guys on the otheI bench are watching the boss anC trying to steal the signals from tha waving scorecard but the signals ar,
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
LEGION TEAM IS
 WINNER IN GAME
Takes Measure Of Sequin Con-
 biDation in Five Innings
Standing

Playing it's first game in several weeks in the Junior City Baseball league, the American Legion team Saturday defeated the Sequins 5 to ? in five innings. The game was played in a light rain for the first five frames but after the sixth had started. the shower increased in in tensity and wet the grounds and balls so badly that the remainder of the game was called off by Um- pire Make Lynch. It would have been impossible 10 resume.
 The Legion team faced Lefty Folden and got only one hit in the five innings. This was a single by Schmarr "Lefty's" mates, how ever, failed 10 give him any kind of decent support and couple of wild heaVes by himself, gave the Legion team it's chance to win.
 The Legion scored in the first frame when Wojack walked, stole second and third and came in on a play at first. Two more came in in the third when Mlynarski was
  singled and a passed ball and wild pitch brought both of the men in. This ended the scoring. DiFranZo, first man up for the Legion in the sixth, connected for home run to right field, but he was the last man to bat before the rain came down so hard that the game was called.
 Matis scored the first run for the SeQuins when he walked, went to third on Lynch's bingle to right and came home on Koglcman's sacrifice. The second counter came in the fourth when Bobek singled over second, went to third when Wojack threw widely to second in his steal and came home when Schmarr un- corked wild pitch.
 The Sequins got five hits but they were all scattered. l'olden famed eight and SChmarr seven, while Schmorr walked two and Folden four The summary:
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
1ILDEN IS SEEDED
I.nnhiDg Singles Star of United States and Julius Scligson RcacI, Third Round.

Rye, N. Y, Aug. 12 (UP) Will liam T. Tilden II, ranking singles star of the United States, and Julius SeligsOn of New York are two sead- cd players who have reached the third round in the eastern turf court tennis championships today. Big Bilr' dropped set to Andy Adel- stein of New York in the second round Sunday, but was never in difficulty.
 Berkeley Bell of Texas and Greg cry Mangin of Newark, also seeded, advanced 10 the second round. Fran cis T. Hunter of New Rochelle and Johnny Doeg of Santa Monica start play today. George Lott of Chicago and Fritz Mercur of Harrisburg, Pa. withdrew.
 Play in the womcn's singles starts today with an entry list of 55 repre- scnting all parts of the United States headed by Mrs. May Sutton Bundy veteran eX-champlon.
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
BY BIGGER Special to the Ierald)

Clinton, Conn.,, Aug. 12-Joe Kirk wood, the Australian who invented golf trick shots, gave an exhibition of his skill as a player and demon- strated the fancy shots that have made him famous at Clinton Satur- day afternoon, before crowd of 500 people,
 He went around twice over the short, nine hole course with Joe Orford, a British pro now at the Clinton Country club, as his partner. Louis Chiapetta of Sequin and an amateur, pressed into service in the place of George Scibert of Avon, who was injured last week in an auto accident, provided the opposi- ton.
 The quartet played good. steady golf and between the pros game there was not much to choose from. Allowing the conceded butts, Kirk wood shot the course in par. Then he gave an hours exhibition of unusual shots.
 Before he went out on the course, kirkWood gave out an interview for Herald readers. He touched on var ious aspects of the game and his personal career
 Outside of a couple of vaudeville artists, he is the only trick profess sional in the game He said he start ed making fancy shots to entertain wounded soldiers, after the war. Tt seemed to be what people wanted to sec" he said, "and I got the idea of working out enough of them to put on a good show"
 His show" took well on this side on any course in the country is la belled a "Kirkwood." In fact he is doing so well with his exhibitions that he has given up all club attach ments, He s1id that for the past 25 days he has had 24 engagements. That means between five and six thousand dollars for a months work.
 "Jones layoff from golf did not appear to hurt his game, I sug gested.
 'He was better for it." replied Joe. Every year Bobby takes a rest, and when he plays in the open or anna teur, he is keen to play. A layoff 1 is a good thing for the tournament | payer"
 Kirkwood rates high Henry Cuici's i golfing ability. q have often played with him." Kirkwood said, 'and he has the skill to be at the top. think ! his tendency to go after everything keeps your Connecticut star from rising. One sometimes should play safe.'
 Do you ever use any of your trick shots in competition I asked. | Not often," answered the Aus tralian, but once in a big tourna- ment l played the ball back over my head to the green Later he dem onstrated the shot
 About the new ball, how will it ! affect the game?" 1 inquired.
 T think it will have a wholesome effect Kirkwood answered. Tt will be harder to play against the wind but, on the whole, the average player will find it a help to his game"
 "It is said 10 be a good putting Lall," I suggested.
 Well, it cant hurt my putting any. for my touch on the greens is awful" laughed the man who can make q golf ball perform miracles when hit with his niblic or mashie- iblic.
 KnKwood finished third in the re- cent Canadian open. Up there my putting was only fair and q couple of the fellows ran wild" he said. There you have the secret of win" ming self @s it is played by the pros.
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
REIGN OF HELEN
 WILLS THREATENED
English Net Star Forces Cham
 piOn in Close Battles

New York, Aug. 12 R)-Helen Wills, herself for six years the "gicl wonder" of womens tennis. now at 24, faces the challenge of a more youthful rival for the first time sine she became queen of the courts.
 Two years ago at Forest Hills, Betty Nuthall, then 16, revealed q flash of youthful ability in the fnll of the American championships against Miss Wills. Afterward the champion predicted a bright fu- ture" for her English opponent Next week the American girl will defend her national championship contender as a result of the uncN- pectedly close match they waged in the deciding Wightman cup contest Saturday An the West Side Tennis clubs classic turf.
 The extent to which Miss Wills, after three straight years of mTin- cibility was pushed to beat back 1S- year-old Betty by scores of SC, sc, has altered the prospect of the championship singles tournament.
 Miss Nuthall came so near to closing the gap that has for so long separated the game of the American with that of any rival that, given another opportunity, her impetuopa rush may achieve the seemingly possible-victory.
 In the aftermath of the Wills Nuthall match which overshadowr the rest of the Wightman Cup pro gram the team victory for America, the debate concerns whether Helen has slipped a bit, h. r games per haps a trifle stale after her cam Betty has so far improved as to lift her game as close to the cham pion's level as the scores indicated. The probability is that both cir cumstances are true; in other words that Helen was caught somewhat of guard on a day when Betty was hit ting the high spots with her ram panty daring attack.
 Most striking was the frequent lack of finality to Miss Wills stroke. Her game seemed softer, more cau- tious. Betty packed as much, if not more. punch in her ground strokes, hitting particularly with more assurance even though with less success in the critical moments of each set. Miss Wills general ship and execution was perfect when she was hardest pressed yet the out come of the match left no little question as to whether the Amer can any longer can be considered the hardest hitter of Women's ten | his.
 Miss Nuthall once again demon strated she is c great match player capable of rising to the occasion. In forcing two sets to deuce she ac- complished what no other player has been able to do against Miss Wills in three years. In fact, Betty won more games in a single match than the last four English players have been able to collect altogether from the American in WightmaN cup competition.
 The series for the trophy was rs close as this deciding match. The United States won by four to thr 't but in seven matches had only q margin of one set while the Englisr | actually captured more games, 7( to Il.
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
TAKES OUT INSURANCE

New York, Aug. 12 (UP)-Al Singer, Bronx junior lightweight, who is matched to fight Kid Choco- late ot Cuba at the Polo Grounds Aug. %, is taking no chances on his cnga cement with Gaston Charles, rugged French boxer, at Greensboro Stadium Tuesday night. Singer has taken out insurance 10 protect himself against possible loss of the Chocolate bout through !n- jury or defeat at the hands of Charles,
New Britain herald., 1929-08-12
TWO SWIMMERS FINISH
Joseph K. Nunan, 17-Ycar-OM South Boston School Boy, Sets New Record For Course.

Boston, Aug. F (UP)-Only two of the 15 entrants completed the annual 11-mile swim from Boston Light to Carson Beach here yes terday.
 Joseph K. Nunan, 17-year- old South Boston school boy. set a new record for the course when he win other finisher was Michael r. Rynne, 50-year- old Lowell police sergeant.