davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

psople III the cornraunity. There Is no
Mace In the schools for secOnd-fate
material. The best ID not good enough
for the children, We all need to keep
n mind that standards<in America are
rising rapidly and that things which
seeYe snod TODAY win seem relatively
moor tornorrow VINO arnor,r IS would
X cnntent With 4 1924 autoinobile?
uS,c syrcrc re II, fcas v,ni,id ~ content
wsth ]. 700 sfs,dard N ed,cational
exr "a %. fne hest rsd;0 nrnrrarns
tnst ss,s +. asvs,or,sS fnsay VIII sesns
stss,,;s, tv,SssN 4, tina iscl,t ~ hetter
.tss,.,s go ..,;sr ,s,i n - Il !,
asc1ls ". 49, sltss,,s, ,sss.
s..s nAs sS 80. 80. ssst 100
are laIge lnoeeu, Wnen Slls pess M In
~ euucatlon c0-Ope.ase 49,, " - re.
minos IA Iaui0 iuAuCssslas - .uNu..s
ness ana exSelIence.
The plans Tor the National Radio
Assembly as promuigated ny tns 20
iunDla 5L . 49, rs S t.s.,as rd,cst;cr
s..on w as;s. ~. ~ s.cs 49, .s IN, !
Ass0clae.on P.usc ~ ~ -. 49, ,s.sss
OF tne Very nnsss Lseel =. ~ ~
expeIienceo suelioIs.cs on 80 sueIeo'N
treated tnat the country anotus. :.
Music viii have 2 large part "
breadcasting Tor schools. America y on
the eve OK . great muslcA Ieslsra;
There are now nteraiiy nnnQreos ~
school bands OF much exceAencc. Music
appreciation and group instruction %
music producticn- are spreaamg i1paoiy'
There Is . growing emphasis on the NM
portance OF education Tor leisure.
School radio can also 90 mucn 70
supply background ana INSPIRATION. y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
] clay League Member Gets Daily
News From Antarctic Expedition

Dyrd party Is silent, webber explains.
he talk" with Tasmania, $4,000 miles
away, or with stations III Europe.
Weber has communicated with -
countries located on every continent exc
cept Asia, via his sl1ort-Waye station.
Yet the equipment that has carried him
on these long but lightning -swift aerial
journeys has not cost him more than
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
New Band. Filter Coils.

Coils suitable for use with band
filter" tuner have been designed by
fammarlund. They are space wound.
Each coil contains two sections Of equal
inductance, mounted TO give minimum
coupling.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

CTEP into a Chrysler IS or
- rs. Start to drive. Instantly you
experience difference in performs
ance as real and impressive as
Chrysler's outward beauty.
To be sure, other cars may proclaim
their finer, greater performance.
But, demonstration proves that i IS
far from being comparable with
that Of Chrysler.
Ever since its inception Chrysler has
been the admitted pacemaker IN
performance for the entire industry.
Today Chrysler IS even further IN
the lead than ever before.
Because Of exclusive features pio-
srleered and perfected BY Chrysler'
through The application Of advanced
d 81 gine ering principles, Chry slerl
reaches new peaks Of proficiency IA
spec power, pickup stamina,
safety md Ions Life.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
BRAKE SER VICE
For Every Car

Our aim duty is to provide Won with adeas.te de-
neudbIe and satisfactory brake service reasonable cost
Our lining e the best that n,orey s.s esys s.s s
BIER AUTOBESTOS. Our workmanship guarantees 70
please and we certainly surprise you by the seed with
yhi wee refine
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

The United States cranberry crop Is
estimated OF $4,000 barrels, compared
with 53f 900 barrels forecast IN Atgsist.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

Make it a point today to see, to ride
in and to. drive Chrysler vs. or
a65.' Once you learn the difference
between Chrysler performance and
other performance you'll never be
content with less.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
Better Programs Needed.

.Third, radio programs intended for
school use must rise to q degree OF
excellence and accuracy which viii
place them above question by the best
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
Business Man AfFlicted.

In Middle Western city / was talk
Ing with an official of the local Cham-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
Refining Prices
and Time Per Set

Above priees esser fntuTs sdjrstrient'
service az sra q a., srs =
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02
U. S. Recognition of the Soviet Union.

When the New York Herald-Tribune July Frst pub
fishes editorial vciously attacking recognition of the
Soviet Union by the government of the United States
sign that there is developing sentiment and
pressure this direction The Herald Tribune against
recognition 1t declares that the British resumption of
aons with the Soviet Government cannot be expected a
feet the Russian policy of the United States This is of
course childish argument especially the present period
of growing Anglo-Amercan rivalries
There is denial that there an intense DEVELOPMENT
of relations between the United States and the Soviet Union
American technical advice is being utilized increasingly in
the building of the economy of the Soviet Union.
These Sovet-U. relations carefully reviewed by
Alexis l. Rykov, chairman of the Council of Peoples Com
mssars of the Soviet Union reporting to the Fifth
Soviet Congress. He said
eve have only o place on that engineer
Cooper collaborating consulting engineer in the building
the station the rapids of the Dneper
furthed that undertaking. but report at the time
that large number other wnformed
engineers aided builders with their advice
have enabled ehnicans to gain insight into industries
and methods of production of the United States.
AT the present time negotiations being
large American firms with the further
visory collaboration the basis of agreements.
"Our relations with being developed to this
extent THE ABSENCE OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BE-
COMES AT THIS STAGE MORE THAN MERE HIN
ORANGE, 1T is A UNIQUE INCONGRUITY.
"Any further development of present relations will
naturally be hampered by this obstacle for will only
merely on extensive economic and
trading business without possibility diplomatic legal
protection 1t will probably that the risk great
This clearly indicates that the Soviet Union is in no
sense begging for recognition. 1t is felt however that poll
cal recognition grows inevitably out of economic relations
already established and increasing in scope The Herald
Tribune, however, strives to hide this fact forget it,
in the period when the United States strenuousy
seeking foreign markets for the mighty production of it's in
dusries, the least letdown meaning tremendous increase
IN unemployment as Great Britain has thoroughly learned
Neither the Herald Tribune the Hoover government
itself has the least command the powerful economic
forces that inevitably drive toward recognition of the Union
slet Republics even by arrogant Yankee imperialism.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02
Tell Gastonia Prisoners
You Will Defend Them

GASTONIA N C., July 1.-The fourteen prisoners held
of murder assault conspiracy
their friends and fellow workers outside These
ferng the sweterng Carolina
ters and in danger of lyncng They need
mail from organizations individuals show them work
ers of the world will defend them from the lynch
BOSSES and from murder by frameup and electrocuon
FOR BOOKS.
These workers books especially economics
politics. geography biography and the best fiction
asks especially for Marx Capital German
reader and books in French One striker prisoner book on
chess playing.
All communications to the prisoners will be TAILOR
Of Gaona county in whose they SENT The Jailed
workers are: Fred Bea Louis Mclaughlin Amy Schhter
McGnnis Vera Bush George Carter Sophie Melvin O. Byers
Joseph Harrison C. Heffner, Robert Allen Knight N r.
Gibbons. and X. Y. Hendricks.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02
Few Believe Disarmament Talk.

Senator David I. Walsh, of Massachusetts, with more
hopessness than frannes places the label of bunk
the disarmament talk that has been peddled by capitalist
statesmen since the ending of the world In radio
speech delivered at Washington he declared:
talk in the years.
largely political consumption advantage.
think the world believe that the disarmament
of statesmen has been sincere"
Then to show that he belongs to the class of bunk
peddng capitalist politicians Senator Walsh calls for an
other reasonable trial. for moral campaign to end
To be sure in his estimation the only country that
carry this moral campaign is the United States seek
ing to place every other capitalist land in the sole cate
CORY of nations with appetite for This shows Walsh
seeking to continue the game he claims to denonce.
He does not even seek to discuss the program for
pete disarmament and world proposed by the Soviet
Government, which the mperast nations all reject Walsh
declares however, that:
"The limitation of of
and the various treaties promulgated since the World War
have made practically disarmament
sgnatoy appropriating money
and celebrating mitastic during this
Republic today maintaining
larger armed force, with Germany dsamed than it did in
1914 when Germany armed.
with Austria and Hungary disarmed
of 1919-21, the namely,
slovakia Rumana and ugosayia maintain today larger
armies than maintained by the former Ausro Hungarian
Empire
Since the Washington Disarmament Treaty of 1922
has laid down and appropriated for naval expansion 2SS6S
tons-74 vessels.
Japan has laid down and appropriated for in the
period 125 vessels with ASP
France with 1ls and Italy with SO vessels particularly sub
marines and have closely followed the
Great Britain and Japan"
The Massachusetts, senator fulfilling the role of capt.
tas statesman then argues for the pacific intentions of
Wall Street Imperialism claiming, of that the Amer
lean navy practically pile of junk and that little build
ing being DONE At the time however, that Walsh
making his radio talk the navy department announced
the awarding of consruconfr the first two and the open
ing of bids for five cruisers of the fteenruser pro-
authorized by under the Coolidge regime
with its declaration for the greatest navy in the world
When he gets through discussing his moral campaign
Walsh to the conclusion for the building of he
greatest armament in the world"
That is the aim of Dawes debating with Macdonald in
London of every Yankee diplomat arguing himself blue and
black the face at every disarmament and naval limitation
conference To expose this mpera fraud the task of
international Red (AnWar) Day. August First being
gained the world under the direction of the Commu
mist International
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02

no influence among the masses of
workers in this country. Yet the
majority of the Party leadership, by
persisting in magnifying the impor-
lance of that renegade group helped
the Trotskyites gain what little in
fluence they have.
In this connection we of the for
mer majority must take the respon-
sibility for the disgraceful happen
ings at the December plenum which
paved the way for the development
of a fractional Party convention in
March of this year.
Instead of utilizing the plenum
to develop a correct political line
for future Party work, instead of
discussing the important develop
ments throughout the whole world
that had proved the correctness of
the Sixth World Congress analysis
of the third postwar period, instead
of discussing the lessons of the LODI
strike and the Ruhr lockout, the
majority staged a fractional slaught-
er against the minority.
The minutes of the Political
Bureau for the past six years were
scrutinized and indexed by the
majority and all the errors or al
legged errors of the minority were
brought out, while unrestrained self
praise instead of lf-criticism was
accorded to itself. Instead of self
criticism and an attempt to analyze
the new problems that history had
placed before the Party, the major
ity permitted the expelled renegade,
Cannon, and two of his supporters
to appear before the plenum with an
attack upon the Communist Interna-
tional. This was not done because
the majority hoped thereby to clarity
the issue of Trotskyism, but solely
because of the hope that Cannon
would give some "inside informa-
ton" about the minority caucus
with which he had been connected,
SO that it could furnish more ammu-
milton for the attack against the
minority. 1t was precisely from
that point of view and that alone
that the question of admitting Can
non was discussed in the majority
caucus. Thus fractional depravity had
reached such a stage in the ranks
of the majority that we deliberately
trifled with the Trotskyist problem
in an effort to gain additional ad-
vantage over the minority.
That such conduct is impermis-
sible and deserves heroic measures
to exterminate it ought to be plain to
everyone who wants to deserve the
name Communist. This fact alone
is more than ample justification for
the organizational measures taken
by the Communist International to
overcome the fractional situation in
our Party.
There were many other instances
Of fractional manouvering on the part
of the former majority that are al
most as reprehensible, but they can
be and must be enumerated by other
comrades who participated in them.
One example Of the low theoretic-
al development Of our Party deserves
special attention. That was the
famous controversy over the relative
menace to the working class of So
cial reformism or bourgeois reform
ism. At the very time when Hill
quit started legal proceedings
against our principal daily publica-
tions and arrested the editors, at a
time when the struggle in the South
was rapidly developing, ..at time
when all the energies o. our Party
- AZ 3s- -~-~L@A
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02

Although DOCn Cne majority ana
the minority developed the same er-
roneous analysis of the basis of radi-
calization, they arrived at different
conclusions, with the result that the
majority underestimated the process
of rehabilitation and the minority
overestimated it.
Thus the very starting point of
the last and most vicious stage of
the long fractional struggle in our
Party resulted in both factions be-
ing in error on a basic theoretical
question.
Certainly here is justification for
the observation of the Executive
Committee of the Communist Inter-
national, in its Open Letter to the
Sixth Party Convention that:
"At times it (the factionaI
struggled assumed the appearance
Of a struggle based on principle,
but in reality it was not entirely
a struggle of principle; principles
served chiefly to camouflage the
struggle for supremacy in the
Party"
From the May plenum onward
there was rapid degeneration to-
ward fractional paralysis. The re-
suits of the deliberations of the
Fourth Congress of the Profintern
and of the Sixth Congress of the
Comintern were distorted for fac
tional purposes. Instead of popular
izing these decisions before the Par
ty membership and the whole work
ing class there was no serious cam
paign of any kind in regard to the
Third Period of postwar capitalism
There was no discussion of the pre-
carious and decaying stabliziation
of this period and its opportunities
for revolutionary struggle.
1t must be said, however, that the
increasing resistance of the working
class to the capitalist class in this
period placed immediate problems
before the Party and that the Party
was forced to react to them. But
certainly it cannot be maintained
that the Party was able to take full
advantage of the situation.
1t is also imperative to deal with
the Trotskyist outburst in our Party.
When this danger raised its head in
our Party both factions seized upon
it for purely fractional purposes. In
stead of Analysing the conditions
that gave rise to Trotskyism in our
Party the issue was used as a fac
tional football, with the result that
both factions committed inexcusable
errors. Nowhere else, in any Party
in the world, was there displayed so
much confusion on the question of
how to characterize Trotskyism-
whether it was right or left de-
parture from the line of Lenin. Both
factions at first interpreted it as
the worst form of the right danger.
The minority tried to connect it with
the right errors Of the majority
while the majority claimed it was
the logical development of the right
wing line of the minority. In every
other Party confronted with Trot-
skyism it was correctly distinguished
from the open opportunist devil
ations and branded as opportunism
disguised with left phrases.
Particularly harmful was the at
titude of the majority which pur-
posely overestimated the danger of
Trotskyism in order to silence mi
nority criticism of it's own right err
rors. Cannon & Co. had little influ-
ence in the ranks of the Party and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02

where II belongs. 1t was at tnaC
plenum that the minority first raised
the question of rehabilitation of the
working class of the United States
and proposed measures to meet the
new situation as they saw it. 1t is
true, this question was raised in an
exaggerated form; the process of
rehabilitation was considerably over
emphasized by the minority.
But the reaction of the majority
to the new proposals Of the minority
took the worst form of factionalism.
Instead of dispassionately discussing
and analyzing the process of radical
ization and reaching a correct esti-
mate of it, the majority went to the
opposite extreme and developed a
theory of the impossiblity of general
rehabilitation in this period, The
spokesman for the majority on that
question was Comrade Pepper. In
his reply to Comrade Foster, the
majority spokesman introduced the
majority position, by stating that it
was impossible to conceive Of radi--
calization of the American working
class unless there are favorable OBJ
jective conditions. So far, so good!
That was a banality that anyone
could accept. But the remarkable
part of the majority position was its
conception of what constituted OBJ
jective conditions. The majority
contended that rehabilitation of the
Americap workers could only be
based upon a breakdown of Amer
lean economy; that when national
economy is still on the upgrade
there is no possibility of radicaliza-
ton. Then we proceeded to hurl at
the opposition an avalanche of sta
tistics to prove that yankee imperial
ism was still on the ascendency and
was fast becoming the overload of
the whole world. Here was the be-
ginning of that theory that finally
blossomed forth into the erroneous
conception of American exceptional
ism. We ignored the fact of the
United States becoming more and
more deeply involved in the general
crisis of world capitalism. We did
not perceive that the burdens placed
upon the workers, the terrific speed
up, the wage-cuts, the frightening
of hours, unemployment and all the
burdens of naturalization would
produce rehabilitation. 1t is indeed
a sad commentary upon the major
ity group that not one of us, regard
less of misgivings we might have
had, took issue with Pepper on this
question. 1t is useless to plead that
fractional pressure was so strong
that any criticism was impossible.
A good Bolshevik would have broken
through the bounds of factionalism
in spite of everything.
The theoretical blunder of the
majority had it's counterpart in the
illusion of the minority, who ac-
cepted the theoretical conclusions of
the majority, but did not accept the
Interpretation placed upon it.
The minority tried to prove, by
statistics, that American national
economy was on the down grade.
Under pressure from the majority
this conception of the minority was
modified and they evolved the
famous "apex" theory; the notion
that American imperialism had
reached its highest point; then they
retreated still further and said we
were aboYt to reach the apex of
growth Of American Imperialism.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02
By H. Nj. WICkS

The address to all the members
of the Communist Party of the
United States by the Executive
Committee of the Comintern
places before US in plain terms the
fact that only through the elimina-
ton of factionalism can we become
real Bolshevist Party. Every Party
member must recognize the correct
ness of the declaration of the Ad-
dress that "the factionalism of both
groups has been the great impedi-
ment to the development within the
Party of the necessary self-criticism
and to the political education of the
Party members in the spirit of Boil
shevist steadfastness based upon
principle"
The theological backwardness of
our Party can largely be accounted
for by the almost total absence of
self-criticism during the six-year
period of the factional conflict. So
oppressive was the group system
that one who stepped over group
boundaries was considered political
ly abnormal, if not subnormal. One
who remained aloof from any group
was doomed to be relegated to moth
ingness in the Party, regardless of
his previous record or his qualifica-
tions. Many proletarian elements
with good training in the class
struggle were stifled in such an at
mosphere. Group leadership was
maintained, not by ability to respond
to the problems facing the working
class and to lead the class struggle,
but by dexterity in discovering real
or imaginary errors in the ranks Of
the opposition group and ignoring
or concealing the errors of ones own
group. He who had no adaptability
for such trifling with the revolu-
tionary movement was, at best,
merely tolerated. Only the most
Jealous factionalists were permitted,
under such conditions, to hold lead
ing Party posts.
1t is questionable if there has ever
been a more disgraceful exhibition
of fractional degeneracy in any Party
in the world than that manifested
by our Party between the May, 1928,
plenum of the Central Executive
Committee, and the Sixth Conven-
ton of the Party in March of this
year. AS a member of the former
majority and one who shared respon-
sibility for this situation it is neces-
sary to state very clearly and en-
phatically, that the chief responsible
ity for the events leading up to the
Sixth Convention must be placed di-
rectly upon the shoulders of that
majority. This does not, of course,
imply that the minority did not
share considerable responsibility, or
was there any indication that the
leaders of the minority faction
would have acted differently had
they been in control of the Party.
At the February, 1928, plenum of
our Pafty, the Comlntern noted a
decline of factionalism. The theses
were accepted unanimously, follow
ing few months in which faction
alism was definitely on the decline
But at the May plenum the fac
tional lines were again drawn tight.
All important decisions were made
behind closed caucus doors, in the
narrowest possible circle of COM
rades.
1t is necessary to analyza the
main point Of conflict at the May
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02
Enlightenment Campaign the Comen Address the Communist Party

THE Polbureau DESTROYS of securing the broadest pos
u sible Enlightenment Campaign the Comintern Ad-
dress and the immediate Party tasks outlined therein All
Party members and particularly the comrades active in the
workshops in the basic industries invited to write their
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-02

opinions for the Party Press Resolutions of Factory Nuclei
also will be printed in this section Send all material deal
ing with this campaign to Comrade Jack Stache Ma
onal office Communist Party 43 E. 125th St. New York
City.