Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-03
M'NARY FARM BILL
SOUGHT BY HYDE
Secretary Tells Committee
Congress Should Pass It
at Extra Session.
(continued From, First pase.l


In marketing, revision Of tariff on agri-
cultural products and development Of
inland waterways. This he said, would
require q period of years and could not
all be carried out In the special session.
Asked by Chairman McNary if the
bill he introduced last Fall, which did
not contain the controverted McNary-
Haugen equalization fee provision,
would meet the immediate requirements,
Secretary Hyde replied that passage of
a bill similar in intent to this measure
appeared to be the clear mandate Of
the country.
A strong Federal board, he said, was
necessary, with authority to loan money
to sterilization agencies TO take up
seasonal surpluses and feed them on
the market slowly to maintain more
constant price level.
The Secretary was questioned closely
ka. as to what he would suggest to take
the place Of the equalization fee as
Q means Of defraying possible Losses In
the handling Of crop surpluses. Mr..
Hyde replied that the Federal board
should be created with suficient au-
thority to work out all Of the multitude
Of problems involved In the farmers
troubles.
I'VE must meet our own expenses"
Hyde said. This board must blaze the
trail. It Is the only way We have left"
Secretary Hyde contended that the
board should have broad powers be-
cause Of the great number Of problems
By which 1t would be faced.
"Our farm co-operatiyes," he said
"are In need Of capital with which TO
acquire further facilities and to expand
their activities. The agricultural indus
try Is in need Of finance In supplement
TO the established financial institutions
by which they will be enabled to hold
their commodities until they themselves
can place In the market and not be
forced TO sell immediately upon compile
ti0n'fof production.
.Js = Waste j Enuuerated.
Capital IL needed with which to pur-
chase . portion of the occasion surplus
Of seasonal surplus and assure it, or,
derby distribution over longer
periods.
"The progress Of many commodities
from the producer to the consumer Is
most disorderly and wasteful, and es--
p ms.. N. oosa rs' week and
starved in the next. The result Is
undue fiuctuation In the price and
waste Of the commodity itself.
IAN enormous amount of unnecessary
TRANSPORTATION takes place In the cross
hauling OF commodities In search Of Inn
mediate markets. There Is great hard
ship upon the consumer, for, with some
perishables, the price Is almost doubled
after the arrival of these commodities
in terminal markets because OF made
ouate and wasteful terminal distribu-
ton. There are q minority Of dealers
and shippers Of farm commodities. par
ticularly In the. perishables. whose busi-
ness practices are unfair-a great hard
ship upon the producer.
There Is entirely an inadequate
grading and standardizing Of certain
commodities, with the result OF uncer-
tainty In prices and opportunity Tor adj
vantage 10 be taken over the producer
and for speculation against the con-
sumer.
, There Is an inadequate development
Of processing for disposal Of occasional
surpluses Of many commodities into by
products. There are, In fact, great
wastes In the whole chain Of distri-
button, which are tax on both the pro-
Queer and the consumer.
Our warehouse acts need amend
ment In order to facilitate more perfect
action In the establishment Of credit.
We have need for some agency to pass
upon the Inauguration Of further ir-
rigation and reclamation projects so
as, to prevent increased production un-
I'll such production IL required for ma
tional purposes.
Urges More Study.
I'VE have need for q larger study
and for action In the determination
their devotion to either forestry or
understanding Of the national require
nnents of each commodity from season
to season and more active instruction
Of the farmers as to the volume o. pro-
duction required.
eve have need for more exhaustive
and accurate study OF the dtHerent
problems and wastes In distribution and
the determination Of their solution. We
have need Of o large cooperation be-
tween the producers and distributors
for the elimination Of waste and more
orderly marketing Of products.
when you consider that these needs
and these dificulties arise, not n one
commodity, but In scores OF dinerent
commodities. and that the economic
setting of each Of these requirements
and these problems Is different. It Is
easy to Maiize the necessity Of creating
q broad authority rather than detailed
plans.
"When we come to the question Of
agencies that the Farm Board should
rely upon in the solution Of these Ques-
lions, we have at hand the large growth
and the great experience OF our CO.
operative marketing associations;
"Tlaey have already been organised by
the farmers, they are farmer-controlled
and 7armer-owncd. And In speanng
Of them am not confining myself 70
the cooperative organizations e de.
fined by the Capper- volstead ACT, put
I include the farmer-owned elevators.
the clearing houses, the farmer pools,
they are all IN essence farmer CO.
operatives"
PLANES TEST FLIGHTS.