Evening star., 1929-06-30
AYSU.S. CAN FORCE
CUT IN ARMAMENT
Moral Suasion or Worlds
Largest Navy Suggested
by Senator Walsh.
Continued From First Page)

porate In cur statutes establishing in
creased military forces provisions to the
effect that we will disarm as rapidly as
all other nations of the world that the
nation capable of establishing the great
est srmaments does not want arnaa-
ments, but abhorS them and stands
ready and eager to use its power ia
possess the greatest armaments in the
world in order to drive all armaments
from the face of the earth"
Full Text of Speech.
It was 10 years ago yesterday that
the treaty of Versailles was signed,
What, in the intervening decade. has
been done toward the securing Of
permanent world peace? Peace advo-
Gates will naturally think of the League
Of Nations and the World Court, Yes,
some political machinery has been set
up which points in the direction Of
international peace and the harmonious
settlement Of human affairs. But
America is not a part OF that ma
chinery. Furthermore, there Is wide
difference of opinion as to the real
value of these political instruments for
world peace and their efficiaey in as
stlring the end of wars.
In this radio talk do not propose to
diseuss this controversial American sub
jeet. I purpose to discuss disarmament
and peace education from the moral
the outlawry Of war.
Two Kinds Of Disarmament.
There are two kinds of disarmament
with which we are, and always have
been, concerned. The one Is material,
il runs in terms of guns, ships, man.
newer. economic power: In terms OF
naval PARTIES, superiorities, building
programs, and the like.
The other kind of disarmament Is OF
q more tangible, but no less real, sort.
II is a moral disarmament-spritual
disarmament If you please. II runs
in terms of principles, not instruments;
in terms of nautuality. respect for law,
idealisnl belief in mankind's inherent
sense of Justice. It is the sort CT
thing which works through the forces
of education religious and social. Tnere
are no great fleets. no booming OF guns.
no hlaring of bands, no waving OF
flags. to herald 1t. 1t Ii epitomized IN
none of these mighty forces when ap-
neal to the senses of man, And stir him
fo the very depths. In this lack OF
outward appeal education for peace has
a certain weakness. Nearly everything
in our present industrial age ap-
r1eals to mans love of order, mechan-
isation. regimentation-virtues which
nnflitarism has ever been alert 10
adopt and augment. And yet educaEon
for cultural and scientific ends mas
made gigantic strides, by virtue OF those
Inherent qualities in man which listen
IA. reason. And by the same token,
education for world peace can, ] be-
iieve. make its greatest progress.
Material or Moral Disarmament.
The age-old question IS before US
whether material or spiritual fofcee RUE
the world we live in. Is peace 70 De
guaranteed by first limiting arrnaments
or by first educating mankind away
from the. old and dHcredtted war Ws,
tam? In short, must material or mora
disarmament come hrst? TO assert
grnaticallv. that one must come first
tn the exclusion of the other, Is patiently
as absurd as trying to answer the an"
cient riddle as to which came nrst, the
hen or the egg. Physical and moral dis
armament are both instrumentalitles IN
tha same direction-peace; and VINO can
DENY that both must proceed togetner?
we have recently, in the Kellogg peace
lawful means for the settlement Of in
ternational problems. This Is, in fact,
the first step In the direction OF what
We NAV call moral disarmament. 1t
operates solely in the moral sphere. The
nations may still build their battleships.
submarines, atrstips, maintain armies,
and manufacture munitions and pois-
onous gases IS before. as far as the
letter of the pact Is concerned.
But it is the spirit. Of such q pact
that counts Even with no limits or re-
strictions upon spending unlimited
sums of money in preparation for war,
and with the existence Of treaties ana
conventions between groups OF nations
to 90 to war under prescribed condl-
tions, yet in my opinion we nave no
reason to assume that such . treaty
sets up no barriers, or that 1t would
break down at the first hush OF ma
tional jealousy or anger.
Pacts to outlaw war, when they specify
no ways or means to that end, are OF
necessity based upon the value OF moral
barriers. How powerful are those bar
riers? And how can they be made more
powerful? Among individuals are not
most barriers primarily moral and not
merely the existence of policemen, pris-
ons, courts and judges? It is the spirit
which is imbued into the moral forces
of civilization, which Is the barrier
against crime. If it were not for this
spirit In the world, civilization could
never have endured.
Peace can be made powerful serti-
rnent in the average man once ne Ii
properly informed as to Its importance
to civilization. and to him. Let him
fully understand the new role which he
must play in future wars; that the bur-
dens of war rest chiefly upon him; that
the wars of the future are to be not be-
tween armies and navies, but the air
plane, the submarine, poisonous gases
and other war inventions, used, as they
will be, to wipe out and destroy peoples,
VIII be directly against the individual.
Educational forces throughout the
world must be set in motion which will
not only show present unsettled peace
conditions of the world. but which will
appeal to the enlightened self-interests
Of mankind.
The masses of hGIman beings every
where must realizs who are responsible
for war and center their attention upon
remedies at the fountain source. Who
are the war makers? The man in the
street does not want war. II Is ne who
must meet its terrible drafts Of life and
health; of man power and woman power
and national resources. OF taxes ano
waste and destruction: Of corruption and
violence and oppression.
The average citizen does not cherish
the ideas that provoke war-hate and
hypocrisy, fear and suspicion, industrial
or commercial selfshness deceitful
propaganda, cunning and circumvention
espionage and treachery. He is guilt
lees of the common cause Of war r-ambi-
ton, envy and national rivalry.
He knows too we'll what war has al
Ways meant for him and his children
He may now be inarticulate. but once
he Is persuaded of the vast and incur.
able immortality of war. he will hai
with Joy every argument or plan thai
tends to abolish 1t or diminish It's men,
ace. This common understanding nusi
be made articulate. If So IL will make
olltlawry of war the one sentiment
that Is paramount to the spirit of ma