Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-14

serves which he cannot cultivate alone, the
Canadian Indian often feels 1t incumbent to
sell some Of it. The sales mean money for him
and his descendants and he has learned what
money will do for him.
Only land which is near and in the midst OF
civilization is sold. 1t brings high price. The
Indians hold 1t till it. does, not only because
of their own business acumen. but because the
government will not allow them to sell the land
too cheaply having In mind their ultimate
financial independence.
Then many natives become naturalized
Canadians This may seem strange, but never
theless 1t is true. The original inhabitants ofsi
the country have to be enfranchised similarly
to any immigrant coming into the country.
These Indians feel that they can make go
of it in competition with their white brothers.
They leave the reserve to make good elsewhere.
and many of them have. This means that
less space is needed on the reserve Another
reason for the sale of land in thicxly settled
communities is that land values are high for
farms and Summer resorts & s%A
THE savages or Indian allies of his most
Christian majesty" as the treaty at the capitu-
lation Of Montreal on September 8, 1760, read,
are no longer different in their callings and
ways of life from the white man who has set
tied on his land. One can find among the In
dams not only trappers, guides, hunters and
farmers, but also professional men and grad
yates of the universities. The savages or In
dian allies of 1760 have become the modern
Indian, who totals over 100000 in Canada, and
whose numbers are increasing year by year.
The nearest approach to the Indian Of long
ago is found In the natives of the northland.
Each Winter they set their trap lines and hunt
the fur-bsaring animals Competition from
white trappers is keen, but the Indian has the
advantage that he can trap beaver. which the
white trader cannot The catch each Winter
is taken down, as in the days of old, by York
boat or canoe to the trading posts, which have
for many years been the outpoSts Of civilization.
Bartering takes place. but no longer Is the
Indian satisfied with the bare necessities Of life.
such as flour, bacon, blankets and the occa-
s!onal gun. There he differs from his ancestors.
He must hive canned foods, Photographs,
radio, outboaTd motors and all the other little
doodads that he sees the white trapper bring In.
The merchandise in the stores of the Hudson
Bay Co. is beginning TO take on the appearance
of that carried by up-to-date department. stores.
Ihave even been told by pilot who has come
in contact with Indian settlements ON the norflE
shore Of the st. Lawrence River, near its mouth,
that automobiles can be seen parked in cottage
front yards In some Of these villages. There
may be no roads for miles around but the In
dian must have his new toy The white man
has an, automobile. u Why shoudn'ts his red
brothers have one too, II only 70 SIC IN ~ 3s
TN, the West farming is the main industry
Of the Indians. Many acres Of their re-
serves are under cultivation, They raise good
crops and their cattle take prizes OF the shows.
They are taught and helped to make success
of their farms. The government makes them
loans, II necessary. and keeps an Indian agent
ON each reserve ..Tn. 20. Sss
In the very distant North. in the Mackenzie
River district the Indian also stiM lives by his
FUR trade In late years there has come an adj
ditional industry In. the making Of noccasins.
curios Of various kinds, toboggans And snow
shoes for the stores far 10 the 6outh.t ,s 50.
Where the Indians have their reserves In
more settled DISTRICTS as h the maritime prov
inces, Quebec and Southern Ontario. they work
at various local industries, farming and the
manufacture of curios Of native make for the
many tourists I'm Summer time. k%F.
Many Indians today 90 70 universities and
high schools. Their education may have started
on reserve school, one Of the many schools op.
Grated by the Canadian government In conjunc'
ton with one or other Of the various missi0nar!
societies. This system has evidently worked
out quite satisfactorily especially In the north
ern district, where various denominations have
representatives conduct primary schools. Regn-
lar school teachers are being employed at the
. larger schools In the more settled regions.
The first school ever built in upper Canada
now the province Of Ontario, was q school fol
Mohawk Indians near tine present city 6f Kings
ton, in 1784. Even the education Of white chill
dren, children Of the early settlers. received
little attention in those days, so little that q
school for the natives was built first. In 1874
the first boarding school for Indian children
uas opened at Red River. Alberta, by Church
of England chaplain connected with the Hud
son Bay Co. In Manitoba, in 1885, q Roman
Catholic priest experimented with an agricul.
tural school for young Indians. To-day there
are $40 Indian schools in operation with total
enrolment of $4,000 children. "
The church stiH plays large part In thu
education Of the young natives. The " resi-.
Dental schools in Canada are all managed b,