davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
French to Do Away.
With Rank of Marshal

From the Des Moines Register.
The French minister Of war, Painleve,
has announced that there are TO be no
more marshals of France for the pres
ent, the title lapsing, as is customary,
after the crop Of marshals produced by
the World War is gone.
There are flve narshals Of France
now, Joffre and four others. The death
of Foch removed one. The French
attitude toward the title of marshal
still is what up until now the American
attitude has been toward the title Of
general. Recently we have provided
that our chief Of staff, whoever he may
be, and so long as he holds the office,
shall have rank of general. Up until
the World War the rank had been held
only by Washington and Grant, as COM
manders, and by Sherman and Sheridan
for brief periods.
It has been a tradition Of the French
armies, more democratic In some ways
than ours, that every soldier Is a po-
tential marshal Of France - has his
marshals baton in his knapsack, Is the
more picturesque expression. 1t may
not be literally true any more, but since
NdpoIeOu 0dy VI !OIiBei ~ A1aS UocH
part of the tradition. And even to
Americans IL has been made part of
our concept Of France by such marvellous
fictional characters as Dumas D'Artag-
nan.
The best wish anybody could express
for France, Of course, Is that, despite all
the fine sound of the title and all the
glamour Of the tradition. she may never
have another marshal It takes a war
to make marshal, and the product Is
not worth 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

the best lesson, among 10000 that were
submitted, on objective and Method
of Education In Street and Highway
Safety" To Brendan A. Finn, Somer-
vile, Mass, schoolboy, will go the prize
awarded the winning essay on why
We Have and Practice Traffic Rules"
He topped 100000 competitors.
Charley" Dawes has not been one Of
organized labor's favorites in the Unit
ed States. 1t seems never to have for
given him for his identification with the
Minute Men of America" who, for
some reason never entirely clear, rub
labor the wrong way. All of which
will make 1t uncommonly interesting
if Ambassador Dawes has to make his
James under a Labor government.
Dawes, by the way, has Just done his
fade-out in Chicago amid blaze of
financial glory. In two days he raised
100000 for the Windy City's 1888
World Fair. Gen. Dawes promises to
devote his annual leave Of two months
to pushing the exposition project which
is to celebrate his home city's centen-
NAL Of existence.
Mrs. Hoover acquire at Swarthmore
today her t1rSt honorary degree, but
she has been entitled to wear the cap
and gown of Stanford ABB. for nearly
35 years. Swarthmore, as a Quaker
college, appropriately bestows its LII. D.,
on Americas first Quaker First Lady.
1t represents the Hicksite branch of
the Society Of Friends. its great aca-
demic and athletic rival, Haverford,
being the college of the orthodox
Quakers. President Hoover has SO
many LII. D. degrees that he probably
can't reel them off without list. They
number no fewer than 28, including
those bestowed by Brown, Pennsylvania,
Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Princeton,
Johns Hopkins, George Washington,
Dartmouth, Boston, Rutgers, Alabama,
Oberlin, Liege. Brussels, Warsaw, Cra-
COW, oxford, Rensselaer,. Tufts, Swarth-
more. Williams, Manchester, Virginia,
Prague, Client, Lemberg and Levow.
(Copyright, 1890
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
Bandits Fear Little
In Suburban Robberies

From the New York Times.
The protection of banks from organ
lied bandits may not be difficult in
large cities. where money is intelligently
spent on devices to put thieves on the
defensive. But in the suburbs and in
country towns a raid by robbers who
come in stolen motor cars may occur
at any time. The East Orange Trust
Co. hold-up on Friday was effected
without danger to the bandits. In five
minutes the banks employees, including
the president and depositorS who hap
pened to be present, had their hands
up at the point of revolvers, bills
amounting to $4,000 were swept into
a bag and the raiders were in the street
stepping on the gas" with no one to
stop them.
There are a great many banks in
New Jersey no better protected than
it is high time that precautions were
taken to make the profession Of raiding
both futile and dangerous. The Iowa
plan may have to be tried If other
methods of preparedness fail. Secre-
tary Frank M. Warner of the Iowa
Bankers Association has told the story
of reducing the bank crime rate" In
that State from the highest in the
country to the lowest. Neighboring
states nave followed the example Oh
Iowa with much the same success
and other States are considering it.
Organized surprise and regulated
violence" is the Iowa plan, with the
emphasis on organized" The day has
gone by when bank robbers can say:
1.-The town ahead is dead easy. Five
years ago we hit this same bank for
$4,000. We had a town to ourselves
We didn't fire a shot" Describing Q
raid that failed year ago, Mr. Warner
said night raiders had hardly begun To
work in an Iowa country bank when
rifle barrels were pushed through I'M
detected vents or holes in steel shields
in a balcony and two lookoutS outside
were in the hands of Wgilantes. II
didn't reckon on these sharpshooters
being about" said the crestfallen leader
of the raiders when he found himself
In handouts. The vigilantes are, In
most cases, veterans of the World War
They readily volunteered for a CAM
paign against the bandits who were
despoiling the Iowa small-town banks
It Is worked out to give the vigilantes
notice the moment raiders descend upon
a town and approach a bank. Wires
cannot be cut, for they are buried.
When the protectors reach the bank
first the surprise for the robbers is
complete.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
Elevator Regulation
Decision Questioned
10 the editor of The star,

To the Editor of The star,
Regarding your editorial, "No Ele-
vator Regulation" permit me to say
that the decision of Police Court Judge
Schuldt seems extraordinary from the
viewpoint of commonsense. According
to the papers he held the law invalid
because the District Of Columbia au-
thorities neglected to publish In the
papers regulations pursuant to the law,
and because it was discriminatory in
that it did not apply to the Federal
Government. Is it not probable that
the provision regarding publication was
merely directory and not mandatory?
And as to the discrimination, surely
Congress has the power to exempt ele-
vators of the Federal Government from
supervision and regulation by the local
authorities without invalidating the
law on the subject. The Government
would naturally look after its own ele-
vators, and could not suffer the dicta-
ton and interference Herewith of the
local authorities.
Furthermore, ccnceding the invalidity
of this law. surely the District govern
ment has all the police powers usually
granted to every city, and, If so, 1t is I'M
questionably within its power and is its
duty to at once pass an ordinance re-
curing elevators to conform to certain
specified standards for the safety and
protection of the public.
1t Is a curious fact that the laws seem
to be always found inadequate when
they conflict with corporate interests
as against the safety, welfare and pro-
lection of the people of this District.
ALEXANDER SIDNEY LAN1ER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
Lamp on Wrist Checks
All Useless Motion
BY z. E. FREE, PHI. D.

Tracking down the useless motions of
a housewife making pie, by means OF
glowing electric lamp fixed to a
bracelet on her wrist, Is the latest de-
vice of the new German profession OF
household engineer" Scientists who
have applied to housework the methods
of motion study" used in factories to
decrease fatigue and increase efficiency
have long been certain that the average
housewife is forced by habit and by un-
suitable kitchen furniture to tire her
self unnecessarily by making many use
less motions. This conclusion, however,
has not been easy to prove to house
wives trained in old-fashioned methods
and convinced that these were all
right. A German engineer, DR.. Max
Mengeringhausen, has now devised the
convincing electric lamp demonstration,
an example of which he published re-
Gently in the German scientific review,
Die Umschau. A small but bright cleo
tric lamp Is fastened to the housewives
wrist and connected with dry batteries
carried in an apron pocket A photo
graphic camera is set up so that its lens
commands the kitchen. The lens open
ing and the lighting are then so ad-
justed that the moving flgure OF the
housewife makes no impression on the
Photographic plate. The electric lamp,
however, does make an exposed spot on
the plate whenever the housewife
wrist Is still and line whenever the
wrist moves. Thus the precise nature
and number of the hand motions used
in any household task can be recorded.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
The Book War.

The rise of new economic factors In
highly competitive businesses is always
watched with interest by all concerned,
but usually it Is not until long after
ward that the general public becomes
aware of the matter.
During the past two years a small
revolution has taken place in the book
selling business, with the result that
the trade is at loggerheads over it. The
rise of various book CLUBS" and
guilds" with committees Of promi-
nent authors selecting 1.-The best books"
each month for subscribers to such
services, has precipitated the book bat
tie of the century.
Publishers evidently were glad enough
to submit manuscripts In advance OF
publication, in the hope that their book
would be chosen for the magnificent
FIRST edition" which would so result.
The two most prominent of these
book choosing organizations thrived 50
we'll that certain publishers have seen
At to protest their work. The American
Booksellers Association, in convention
at Boston, world-famous literary center
has protested in somewhat genera
terms the methods of these clubs.
Book club officials. sitting tight, de.
clare that, despite the protest, all bu
two of the fifty general publishers con-
tinue to submit their books to them
They say that 1t Is clear that the bool
clubs are filling genuine econoni'
need OF q part Of the book reading pub
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03

lie which is not being filled in any
other way"
Until the publishers bring more evi-
dence to bear in their battle to do away
with the book clubs, the public at large
probably win continue to feel that it
was simply another instance of some
shrewd person or persons taking note
of general American trends and hitting
upon a corking good idea.
Probably most book buyers, whether
at stores or through clubs, feel that the
prices of books are too high. Along with
the reprinting of standard books in
good, cheap editions since the war,
there has been counter movement on
the part Of the trade which has special
lied in issuing slightly more elaborate
volumes at five dollars and six dollars
each. Especially are new biographies
costly.
The book war will be watched with
keen interest by the American people,
who will keep one eye on the books IS
they pour from the presses, and the
other upon their pocketbooks. No one
is forced to buy books, 1t is true, but in
a country where universal education Is
so prevalent the desire to buy them is
very widespread.
Since books may we'll, claim, If any
thing may, to be the real bulwark of
our country, upon the superstition that
the pen is mightier than the sword,
booklovers will continue to look with
favor upon all agencies which help in
crease their circulation and keep their
price within the reach of the people.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
California City Sets
Good Voting Example

From the Pasadena Star News.
The little city of Ramona has DEM
onstrated o type Of good citizenship
that Is exemplary. Right worthily IS
the championship cup for the State be-
slowed upon that city by the California
Development Association. In the pres
idential election last Fall Ramona voted
1884 per cent Of its qualified voters.
This is the third successive gear that
Ramona has taken this award.
Now this is a distinction OF which
any city in the State well may be proud.
If the whole State voted 1854 per cent
of its eligible voting population, then.
indeed, would 1t be wholesome example
TO the whole country. Then there would
be no reason to scold and warn and
urge. This is the kind of good citizen
ship that California and the country
need. It is a good plan to encourage
this quality of citizenship-to foster
competition along this line.
Good citizenship should be expressed
at the ballot box. 1t is there that the
individual citizen has the final and the
sovereign word. It is there that the
hope Of good government lies. It Is
through the will Of the people. expressed
through the ballot, that sound govern
ment, and honest men in government,
are obtained.
Ramona is to be congratulated. It's
good citizens are setting an enviable
example to the whole State. May there
be more communities in the state do
ing likewise!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
Fact-Finding System
Is Industrial Gauge
From the st. Louis Times.

From the 81. LOUIS 1lnes.
Vast plans having national scope
are on their way to maturity, with
Washington as the focal point of their
correlation. AS an inspiring factor in
this effort stands the President, who as
far back as 1921 perceived the need of
an accurately adjusted fact-finding sys-
TEN which would serve as a constant
gauge Of industrial conditions, and who
has since his election to the presidency
been a consistent promoter Of the gen.
eral idea. At the governors conference
in New Orleans in November last phases
of these plans for economic sterilization
were discussed, the more notably by for
mer Gov. Brewster of Maine, speaking
on behalf of Herbert Hoover. Since
then many public and private organiza-
tions have conducted surveys which are
the foundation of valuable data bearing
upon the subject.
It is contended this information can
be used in national, State and civic
construction expenditure as an auto
matte regulator of the outflow of money
for public improvements, curtailing It
when business Is booming and increas-
ing it when harder conditions are seen
to be impending.
In line with this sound idea are the
recommendations recently made by the
Senate committee on education and
labor, which, after hearings inuuiring
into causes Of unemployment, urged
that legislation be adopted providing q
system of planning public works so as to
provide reserve against unemployment
In times Of depression. States and
municipalities might greatly aid the
general cause by promoting the same
policies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03

election Of q Democrat to Congress in
normally Democratic district neces-
sarily presage the election Of Demo-
cratic majority in the National Legs
lature.
The Democrats are insisting that the
Republican administration has been re-
pudiated in the Kentucky election be-
cause it has failed to keep its pledge to
put through farm relief legislation and
because of the disapproval of the pend
ing tariff bill. The Democrats in the
Senate have done more to prevent
prompt action on farm relief bill than
any one else, with the possible excep-
ton of group of insurgent Repub-
licans, who also gave their support TO
the so-called export debenture plan, the
clause in the bill which has delayed
final action on the measure and still
holds it in conference.
The defeat of their candidate in the
third Kentucky district was in meas
ure expected by the Republican leaders,
although they waged strenuous cam
paign In his support. Notwithstanding
the fact that both the Republicans and
the Democrats were exceedingly active
in this campaign, the vote cast was
scarcely more than one-half of the vote
cast in the national election last Fall III
the same district. That in itself is
Illuminating. 1t indicates clearly the
dropping off of interest, due to the
elimination of the issue which tore the
Democratic party into ribbons six
months ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03
Roosevelt as Island Governor
Subject of Popular Interest

observed by the Detroit Free Press,
"but there Is rumor in washington that
the credit for the appointment belongs
to Alice Roosevelt Longworth. great
father catapulted Col. Roosevelt into
the public eye; popular and capable
sister seems able to keep him there.
The Charleston Evening Post makes
the suggestion that "n the President
had appointed Princess Alice governor
brilliant stroke and the little island
would have doomed large"
"The insular Legislature Is not al
ways tractable," comments the Worces-
ter Telegram. ut does not submit read
lily to gubernatorial mandate. And
o governor lacking in the necessary
qualities can lose much Of the economic
and social advance gained in the last
decade. The retiring governor has not
been a notable success. His successor
should be a man particularly suited to
the requirements Of the position. We
hope he is" The Harrisburg Telegraph
AYERS that "the Porto Rican appoint
ment Is no mean honor. and will offer
opportunities for one who likes to dab
bic in craftsmanship and politics, and
who has no combining business interests
of his own to embarrass him.
1nc G1Nco AC1ldA no
Incidentally, Col. Roosevelt drops out
of the New York political situation as
far as candidacy is concerned. At this,
some of the New York Republican lead
ers will breathe easier. As long as he
remained a potential candidate for Of
flee, he was somewhat Of worry to
them. His new position in Porto Rico
will please him and his friends. In 1t
he will have some opportunity to en-
ploy the increasing facility of his pen"
A report on the islands own recep-
ton of the appointment comes from
the Porto Rico Progress: Sentiment.
both publicly and privately expressed,
varies widely. Many Of the indorse-
ments of him are interpreted chiefly as
q desire for a change Similar indorse-
ments would be offered any person sug-
gested by the President, it is commended.
others believe Col. Roosevelt Is the type
of man needed for governor"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-03

this: Temperature is not the same, for
the same height, all around the earth
along a given parallel of latitude. In
temperate regions, for instance, the
eastern portion of continent Is colder
tnan the western; precipitation varies
greatly alonr.. a parallel of latitude. The
duration ovnow on a mountain peak
obviously ND.Eig with the average tenn
perature and the amount of snowfall
These vary along parallel of latitude;
hence some mountain peaks may be
snow-covered throughout the year, while
others of the same height and latitude
are not.
@. Why can an owl fly so noiselessly?
"A. w.
A. The owls feathers are specially
constructed. The edges of the feathers
are very soft, which allows the air to
pass over without making the swish
that it does when birds have stiff flight
feathers.
Q. Please give the last paragraph of
Makers of the Flag."-M. T.
A. On Flag day, 1914. before the en-
ployes of the Department of the In
terror, Franklin K. Lane, then Secre-
tary OF the Interior, made an address
which ended: Il swing before your
eyes as bright CLEAN of color, symbol
of yourself, the pictured suggestion of
that big thing which makes this Ma
ton. My stars and my stripes are your
dream and your labors. They are bright
with cheer, brilliant with courage, firm
with faith, because you have made them
so out of your hearts. For you are the
makers of the flag and it is we'll that
you glory in the making"
Q. Has Carrara marble been used as
I@~-r NJ -, ~
A. The Greeks were blessed with an
almost inexhaustible supply of the finest
and purest marble yet discovered on the
Island of ParoS in the Aegean Sea. This
marble is called "Parian' and possesses
a peculiar waxy attribute. The marble of
Carrara was not generally put in use
until later years. 1t Is among the finest
varieties in the world, but has gray
streaks.
@. Is it true that high Confederate
officials were paid In specie?-J. J. II.
A. 1t Is highly improbable that Con-
federate officials were ever paid in
specie, except when retreats were exc
cuted. At this time some small amounts
of specie were paid in salaries to save
it from capture by Federal forces.
Q. What is the red liquid used In
the dash register ON obiles?--
B. T
A. The Bureau of Standards says
that the liquid used In the dash regis
ter on automobiles is alcohol with an
organic dye which Is soluble in alcohol,
such as magenta and eosine, both coal
tar derivatives.
@. What kind of camera lens is the
fastest?-R. Y. H.
A. The fastest camera lens known is
1.9 in -picture-size lens.
O. Describe the appearance Of Al
| (Scarface) Capone.-C. @. s.
A. He is said to be about 80 years
old. his figure is chunky, his face
rotund and amiable, his manner easy
and affable. A scar made by knife
in an early alteration runs athwart
his face and gives him his sobriquet
@. According to the last census, had
the number of centenarians increased
or decreased?-S. D. A.
A. In 1910 there were 1856 centenari-
ans, whereas in 1920 the number re-
ported was LAST. More women than
men reported In 1920 1851 OF the
centenarians wese men and 2,706 were
women.