davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
NJ. E. Tracy
Tdmnany VIII Win the Goth
am Election, Which Has
Been Noisy and Uninter-
esting.
SAYS:

TINE New York mayoralty cam
i paign, which comes to an end
with Tuesdays election, has been a
noisy, uninteresting affair.
That, perhaps, is the strongest
argument in favor of the Walker
administration.
The opposition has not been able
to dig up very much. or state con-
vincingly what little it has dug up.
Though Tammany's margin may
be somewhat reduced, it still will
be large enough to warrant the
word usual"
The success of Nationalist in Sc
curing a sufficient number of names
to force a referendum on the ques-
lion Of war guilty, reparations, and
the Young plan means nothing but
a setback for Germany. Even
though the referendum goes against
them, which is almost certain, they
have placed the German govern
ment in an embarrassing position.
All that, however, is neither here
nor there.
The jingoes have been able to get
petition signed by 10 per cent of
the electorate, and that leaves the
authorities no choice but to call an
election.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
Changes

THEY adopted the word to de-
Il scribe the nature of the chem
ical change which they find going
on in the peat bog.
One of the chief constituents Of
plants is a substance called lignin,
which composes the woody fibers.
Lignin is complex carbohydrate, a
combination of carbon, oxygen and
hydrogen. Another important con-
stituent is cellulose. The walls Of
plant cells are composed of cellu-
lose.
Now samples of peat taken up
near the surface of the swamp arc
samples which formed recently,
whereas samples dug at considerable
depth represent old formations.
Thiessen and Johnson find that
the young samples of peat contain
large amounts of l!gnin and cellu-
lose and small amounts of another
carbohydrate called humin.
On the other hand, old samples
contain little lignin and cellulose.
but large amounts of humin.
They believe therefore that The
chief action Of the bacteria is ID
disintegrate the lignin and cellulose
and convert it into humin. This is
the reason they speak Of the process
of humification.
1t is a known fact that whatever
the process is by which coal is
formed. it is process by which
oxygen and hydrogen is decreased
and the percentage Of carbon IN
creased as a result of the removal
of these other two elements.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
One Lie SCotChed

EORMER SECRETARY FALL did
Il not pull the bed clothes off
President Wilson.
Few people thought he did, but
the miserable tale would have
dogged his tracks if it had not been
disproved in such a way as to con-
vince every one.
Senator Cutting not only has done
Fall a good turn, but history as we'll,
by collecting and publishing the evil
dence.
Otherwise, the scandalous bit of
gossip would have lain around for
bland partisanship to pick up, just
as Senator Heflin picked it up the
other day.
The United States is becoming an
industrial nation. Nothing proves
it more wildly than the report Just
made by the National Foreign Trade
Council.
During the first nine months of
this year, finished produces consti-
tuted 50 per cent of our exports,
while products partially finished
constituted rs per cent.
Among other things, $445, 900, 900
worth of automobiles were sold
abroad, representing a gain of %
per cent over last year, and s462,-
100000 worth of machinery, repre-
senting a gain of 25 per cent.
We sold 81 per cent more cleo
trical machinery than We did dur
ing the first nine months of last
year .33 per cent more of agricul-
tural machinery, Al per cent more
of metal working machinery, and 81
per cent more of oil well machinery
Such figures, the National For
eigr Trade Council points out, make
it appear that America Is equipping
the rest of the world.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
A Simple Question

A Simple Question
Reduced to simple terms, the issue of
the campaign to be decided tomorrow is
very simple. The voter merely has to
answer the question of his own attitude to-
ward Coffinism.
There are very many who want Coffin
ism. Generally they are the seekers for
special privileges of some sort. Some of
them want protection against the police
Others want contracts at fancy prices. Some
want to get away with voorhees, jobs There
are some big businesses which depend on the
boss for favors.
These have personal interests which out
strip their Indignation against the crimes OF
Coffinism. They do not care about the in
dictment of his henchmen or himself. They
do not resent the overthrow of the city
manager movement. They accept, as
necessary evil, his control of the schools and
their degradation in behalf of bossism.
They may smile at the enthusiasm of
such Coffin followers as the head of the mis-
named Good Government Club, who solemn
ly urges his deluded followers to vote for
Glossbrenner as a means of indicating
the christian integrity" of Coffin himself
But they need Coffin in their business and
will line up for him.
On the other side are those citizens who
pay the cost of Cofinism. They pay it in high
taxes, in sense of personal humiliation at
the shame brought upon the city, in loss
Of confidence in all government that such
misrule begets.
That issue has been made plain, not by
the charges of political speakers, but by
events and the statements of the two candi-
dates for mayor.
AS far as Mr.. Glossbrenner has gone is
to state that he has made no promises and
that he will be controlled by no faction. He
has shown no Indignation at the outrages of
Cofinism. He has not denounced Coffin. He
has accepted the campaign management of
Coffin. He has, which is worse, approved the
Coffin councilmanic ticket which contains, as
a pledge to the men who want Coffinism, the
name of Keane, used as the tool to destroy
the city manager law.
On the other hand Mr.. Sullivan has de-
nounced Coffinism openly. There is no sus-
picion, if he is elected, that Coffin will have
a dugout from which to wage new warfare
against the people.
In the handling of the city business, both
candidates are qualified. Both are personally
honest Both have had experience.
SO it seems a simple matter. In the
schools, the contest is between the Citizens
candidates and the Coffin vassals.
On the city ticket It is a question of CIV
ing Coffin a chance to rebuild and continue
his discredited machine, with probability
of more work for the grand juries and the
prosecutors and a constant threat of official
power being used to block and hinder and
obstruct every movement for political prog
resS and political honesty.
If you believe in Coffnism, there will be
no doubt as to what ticket you will vote. If
you are against this political system, there
should be even less hesitation.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
SWaIl1DS

TINE general theory is that the
Il coal beds Of today began their
existence as great wooded swamps.
Gradually, with the passage Of time,
the swampS filled up with decay
ing plants. In time the decaying
vegetable matter turned into peat.
1t is thought with the passage Of
more time, these peat beds we're
burie under accumulations Of sand
and clay, and that the final trans
formation into coal was aided by
the pressure of these upper layers
UPON the peat
There are many sWamps in the
world today in which peat is in the
process of formation. Hawk island
swamp is one Of them. That Is why
the scientists turned to it.
Progress of the investigation is
detailed in paper prepared for the
American Chemical Society by Rein
hardt Thiessen and R. c. Johnson
of the United States Bureau Of
Mines.
Thiessen and Johnson examined
samples of peat taken from va
rious depths in the Hawk island
swamp. They report that they
found active bacteria at all depths.
They made cultures of these bac-
terra and found that they throve on
Sawdust, shavings, cellulose and
other plant materials.
They have come to the conclu-
sion that these bacteria are re-
sponsible for the changes which con-
vert the decaying vegetable matter
into peat, and for other changes
which continue to take place in the
peat.
They have termed these further
changes "humif1cations.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
Questions and
AnS1OerS

What is the real name and ma
tionaIity of John Gilbert?
His real name is John Pringle and
he is an American by birth.
How old is Lon Clancy?
Forty-six years.
Why was the treaty of peace that
ended the Russo-Japanese War
signed at Portsmouth, n. H.
Because that place was agreed
upon by tie contracting powers In
which to 1T a treaty. They were
invited It'd In the United States
by Presi roosevelt.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
Daily Thought

This evil people, which refuse
to hear my words, which walk In
the ina gination of their heart,
and walk after other gods, to
serve them, and to worship them,
shall even be as this girdle, which
is god for nothing.-Jeremiah
1910.
Every evil in the bud Is easily
crushed; as 1t grows older it becomes
stronger.-Cicero.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
SCIENCE
Bacteria Can Be Helpful as
We'll as Harmful; They
Created the Worlds Coal
Supply.
= BY DAVID DIETZ'

BACTERIA created the coal sup
- ply OF the world. This fact, long
suspected by biologists, has been
confirmed by Investigations now un-
der way by group Of government
scientists.
The tendency in the public mind
today is to associate bacteria with
disease, and of course many dread
diseases are caused by them. But
it should be remembered that there
are helpful as well as harmful bac-
terra
There are the nitrogen fixing bac-
terra, for example, organisms which
absorb the nitrogen of the air and
convert it into nitrates which plants
can utilize, thus restoring the fer
tility of the soil.
Other bacteria cause decay. Such
bacteria are harmful when they
cause the Spoilage of food But if
it were not for them, the whole
world would be cluttered up with
the debris OF dead plants and the
bodies of dead animals.
1t is bacteria of the type which
causes decay which are responsible
fo- the worlds coal supply.
To solve the riddle of the forma-
ton of the coal deposits, govern
ment scientists are studying bog
in Manitowoc county, Wisconsin,
known as Hawk island swamp.
They believe that the action going
on in the swamp today is essentially
that which accounted for the for
nation of coal millions of years ago.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04
Between Two Fires

DRYS are split over the question
~ of holding purchasers guilty,
and who can blame them? 1t goes
to the root of the problem.
Ever since the eighteenth amend
ment was adopted, they have been
on the horns of a dilemma.
First, they have had the choice
of killing prohibition by making it
real, and second of keeping it as
sham.
Canada succunbed to the same
wave of sentiment that gave this
country Volsteadism, but had sense
enough not to adopt any laws that
were beyond repeal by a majority
vote.
The result is that she can get
rid of prohibition now that she has
changed her mind while we can
not.
Though majority Of the people
and states might be against it in
this country, we still are helpless.
If the situation teaches us not to
amend the Constitution in some
moment of excitement, it may be
worth the price, but otherwise not
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those Of
one of Americas most inter
eSting writer's, and are pre-
scented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude RI
this paper.-The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04

TINE New York mayoralty cam
l. paign, which comes to an end
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1929-11-04

BACTERIA created the coal sup
ID ply Of the world. This fact, long
stlSDected bV peolOpists has been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
SETBACK SOUGHT
ALONG BOULEVARD
Johnson to Ask Zoning Com
mission to Order Buildings
40 Feet From Lee Route.
81 . Stan correspondent OF nae star.

9y u Sthn Correap0noenb OF the star.
ARLINGTON COUNTY COURT.
HOUSE, Va, April l2.-Dr. Samuel M.
johnson, director Of the Lee Highway
Association, which advocates the con-
struction OF the Lee Boulevard, viii APP
pear ct the meeting Of the Zoning COM
mission Monday to urge q 40-foot set
back an either side Of the proposed
highway.
While Or. johnson is asking for
200-foot right OF way. . part Of which
has been obtained, he feels that the
ruling of the Zoning Commission would
prevent the erection Of q string Of fill
ing stations on what Is to be the widest
boulevard leading from the National
Capital.
A soning act Of this kind would, DR..
johnson thinks, insure the finest type
of residential development along the
highway, there being q distance Of $50
feet between the buildings on each side
of the road.
The Virginia State Highway Com
mission has promised 40-foot concrete
pavement over the route. Plans for the
boulevard include q wooded parking on
each side of the road with cement side
walks beyond.
AS stated recently by II. q. Shirley,
chairman Of the State Highway Com
mission, the entire length Of road from
the new Arlington Memorial Bridge to q
point just west Of Great Falls on the
Lee Highway will be constructed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
SHIPPERS PROTEST
FIRING ON VESSELS
Coast Guards Actions Termed
High. Handed" and "0ut
Of Proportion"
.,., ni.n..ch to rh. star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, April l2.-The firing
Of solid shot by Coast Guardsnaen pun
suing ships in search Of liquor is de-
nounced by shipping men here as "high-
handed" unnecessary" and "out OF
proportion"
They declared themselves In COM
plete disagreement with the policy an
nounced by Assistant Secretary Of the
Treasury Seymour Lown1an after he
investigated the case Of the mutt
steamer Juan from Spanish Honduras
The revenue cutter 1eo fired four shots.
three of them said to be solid. ahead
Of the steamer Friday in Chesapeake Bay.
When the ship stopped the only liquor
found was that declared on the mani
fest.
IT am sure that II they fired on one
OF the ships we represent" said Charles
e. Scarlet, president Of Ramsay, Scar
lett g. Co., 1--WE should make represen-
tations to the diplomatic representa-
tives Of the country from which the
ship comes.
1.-THE firing Of solid. shot to make .
ship stop Is to my mind high handed
and out of all proportion to the ele-
ments involved.
IT suppose there is no doubt about
the legal right of the Coast Guard to
FIRE when q ship ordered to heaVe 70
does not obey" said A. y. Dutton, man
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
ROCKVILLE.

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
ROCKVILLE, Nd. April 12.-Mrs
Annie Laura Clarke OF 1870 M street,
washington, Is named defendant In .
suit for absolute divorce fled In the
Circuit Court here by Charles j. Clarke
Of Montgomery County.
Joseph Hill, cOlored, Of washington
was arrested in Washington, at the re-
quest Of the Montgomery County ali-
th0rities, on q charge OF Illegal posses
sion Of intoxicating liquor, and was
released on $500 bond for his appear
ance in the Police Court here for trial.
A delegation appeared before the
County Board Of Education here and
submitted plans for identifying the
grounds surrounding the new public
school building ut Somerset.
1t was stated that the cost Of
grading and otherwise improving the
grounds would cost approximately
$500, and the educational board mdi-
Gated that the money would be appro-
priated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
CODE OF BUILDING
RULES ADOPTED
HyattsviIIe to Regulate In.
staIIation of Oil. Burning
Equipment.
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
EVANSVILLE. April 12.-At q spe-
cial meeting of the mayor and common
council last night. Mayor H. T. Willis,
presiding. and all eight councilmen
present, regulations governing the in
stallation Of oil-burning equipment, for
the building and uses Of garages and
a general building code, were adopted.
These regulations had been in prepare
ton for the past i've months, and were
drafted by a committee Of the mayor
and common council. Of which DR.. I. K.
Atherton, councilman from the first
ward, was chairman. They were ordered
printed in pamphlet form, and will be
available for inspection 1T the offices
Of the town treasurer, building inspec-
tor and plumbing inspector Corpora
ton Counsel Waldo Burnside advised
the town authorities that they had
authority to contract for work which
would bind o future council.
The motion Of the chairman Of the
road committee, Harry A. Boswell, that
the hearing scheduled for April Is. on
the kind Of Improvements to be made
on West Madison avenue and Shepherd
street, petitions for which improve
ments have been made by the ahutting
property owners, who are to pay the
cost thereof, be postponed until . fu-
ttlre date, was adopted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
PLAN TO SAFEGUARD
FESTIVAL VISITORS
Winchester officials Cooperating to
Prevent Pocket Picking at An.
nual Apple Blossom Show.
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch to The star.
WINCHESTER, Va, April 12.-spe-
cial police protection for the thousands
of visitors expected here April 10 and
10 for the Sixth Annual Shenandoah
Apple Blossom Festival were completed
today by local authorities. who have
the cooperation Of the detective bu-
reauS Of several railroad systems. in
GLIDING the Pennsylvania, Baltimore q
Ohio and Norfolk d Western, 1t was
announced.
These lines viii send large forces Of
plain clothes men to assist local police
In preventing pocket.picking and other
forms Of thievery. Two years ago
pickpockets rined the crowds, but last
year, when the city was well policed,
not . case Of stolen pocketbook was
reported to the police.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
FACE GRAND Jury
ON ARSON CHARGES
Waynesboro Business Man and At.
torney Arrested in Connection
With Ice Plant Blaze.

HARRIsoNBURG. Va, April II (spe-
ciaD.-J. c. McClung, prominent
Waynesboro business man, and his
young attorney, Roy Wheeler. are to face
the action of the Rockingham grand
jury in Connection with the destruction
by fire of the idle ice plant at Elkton
last Saturday morning. Both men are
ct liberty on 5000 bail each.
Magistrate L. H. Bruce late yesterday
ordered McCluns held for the grand
jury, while Wheeler, Q patient In
Charlottesville hospital as the result Of
automobile injuries suffered Tuesday
night, had to waive preliminary hearing
which was set for yesterday.
McClung is the owner Of the ice plant
property. while Wheeler was at the
plant about daylight last Saturday
when the building caught FIRE. Wheeler
claims that he was there preparing for
the operation Of the plant, which had
been idle for three years, and acct
dentally overturned small stove, start
ing the blaze.
McClung contends that he will re-
ceive little benefit from the $25, 900
insurance carried on the plant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
COURT TO FIX LEGALITY
OF DORIAN SUSPENSION
Action Of Winchester Mayor in
Ousting Police Chief to Be
Decided by Tribunal.
Special Dispatch to Tn. star.


Special Dispatch to The Star.
WINCHESTER, Va, April 1.-THE
Corporation Court, converting April Is.
will be called upon to decide whether
the recent action Of Mayor r. A. Shryock
in suspending Michael A. poran Is po-
lice chief Of the city was legal.
It was found that the State law and
city ordinances are more or less In con-
fiict as to the authority Of the mayor to
suspend the chief of police, and the af-
fair viii be carried into court Monday
morning by an attorney for Doran. It
has been claimed that the mayor failed
suspending the ohicer, in that no writ
was served upon him setting forth in
detail the exact nature Of the charges
against him and the granting Of hear
ing on such charges.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12

WILL Be STUDIED
Arlington Commission to Meet
Tonight to Consider Ice
Company's Plan.
BY LESTER N. INSKEEP,
Stan Correspondent OF The Star

ARLINGTON COUNTY COURT
HOUSE, Va, April 12-Finding it nee
essary to make a definite decision be-
fore the regular meeting Of the Board
of County Supervisors tomorrow, the
Arlington County Zoning Commission
will meet tonight to consider the appli-
cation of the Arlington County Ice &
Fuel Co. to erect an Ice plant on the
site of the old mill at Bancroft.
It had been planned by the COM
mission to take the matter up at the
regular weekly meeting on Monday. but
they learned today that the applica-
ton for permit to build the plant
will be presented to the supervisors
and the commission wishes TO have its
decision on record before the question
reaches the board.
Natural Beauty Considered.
As expressed by most OF, the members
Of the commission, the location of the
proposed plant is not questioned at any
great extent, but because Of the natural
beauty of the location q careful study
OF the architects plans is to be made
before the commission passes upon the
project. The application for the per-
NIT did not fully explain the aTchitec-
ture and materials to be used, so the
owners will be invited to appear before
the commission to furnish more detailed
information.
The objections to the plant, as voiced
by adjacent property owners, was that
1t was to handle fuel. The application,
however, mentions only the manufac-
ture of ice.
This will be the first meeting of
the new coming commission at which
A. j. Webb, secretary Of the old COM
mission as well as the new, has been
present.
Returns From North Carolina.
Webb returned but two days ago
from North Carolina, where he has
been recuperating from an Illness.
Born in Rochester, N. Y, Webb came
here during the war and was first en-
ployed in the railroad section of the
War Department. Later he was in the
real estate section Of the same depart
ment and was then transferred to the
Treasury Department and from there
to the Department Of Commerce. He
is q draughtSman in the Bureau Of the
Census.
The position Of secretary Of the zon-
ing commission promises to be a difa-
cult one. particularly since 1t carries
no pay.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
USE OF D. C. TAGS
UPHELD BY COURT
Man Who Drove Employers Car
To and From Work Is Freed
on Appeal.
BY stan Correspondent Of The Star.

BY STAN Correspondent Of The Star.
UPPER MARLBORO, Md, April IL.
Ruling that Q Maryland resident,
who has that States tags on his per-
sonal- automobile, may use his employ
er's car, bearing District Of Columbia
tags, to travel back and forth between
his place Of employment. Judges VIII
yesterday dismissed charges of having
fictitious markers, no registration card
and no Maryland title against j. Ed
ward Binger. of Mitchelsville, reversing
the decision Of the Police Court.
Binger was convicted on the three
charges in Capitol Heights Police Court,
but appealed.
In handing down an opinion, Judge
Loker declared that the case should
not be considered as establishing q
precedent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-12
ENGINEERS ARE MAKING
SURVEY AT ROCKVILLE
Water Supply Problems to Be Stud
led and Town Leaders Advised
by Experts.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
ROCKVILLE, Md, April 12.-The
Whitman, Requhardt dE Smith Engi-
neering Co. of Baltimore is making .
survey of Rockville and vicinity, with q
view to advising the mayor and council
of Rockville as to how best to augment
the towns water supply, which must be
increased in the near future. The sur
vey also will determine what increased
sewage facilities are needed.
In order to determine the per capita
consumption OF water In Rockville q
census of the town will be taken next
week.
Rockville now consumes approximate
ly 100000 gallons of water day.