Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-09
COURT PROTOCOL
IS SIGNED BY U. S.
Action by Charge at Bern
Puts Participation Up
to Senate.
Continued From First Page1

CONTINUED From First Pacel
the protocol of the statute of the court
and the protocol of revision of the
The Root protocol, devised by Elihu
Root, former Secretary of State, is
designed to overcome the objections OF
the Senate, as expressed January ~,
1926. in its reservations to ratification
of the original statute by the United
States.
Advisory Opinions Discussed.
The Secretary emphasized the fact
that. although the final movement es-
tablishing thu World Court was on the
initiative, of the League of Nations, the
court took its existence and became ef-
fective, not by action of the League,
but under a statute and protocol sep
arately signed by over so states, not all
of whom are League members. 1t thus
owes its existence to the independent
authority of those Signatory states.
In discussing the question of advisory
opinions, Mr. Stimson expressed the De
lief that 1.-The dangers which seemed 10
inhere in the rendering OF ADVISORY
opinions by the court at the time the
question was last presented to this Gov
eminent in 1926 have now been entirely
removed. both by the action of the
court itself and by the provisions OF
these new protocols"
The Secretary said the world situa-
tion had so vitality changed since 1925
that the court was more important
than ever before, adding that prac-
ticallv all of the nations of the world
had bv adherins to the general pact
for the remuneration of war, agreed
TO settle their differences by pacific
means.
Follows United States Traditions.
"Bv this event not only has the
need of developing judicial means in
stead of war to settle the inevitable
controversies between nations become
more pressing, but it. has become even
more important to establish and clarity
the standards and rules of interna-
tional conduct by which such con-
troversies can be prevented or MINI
mixed" he continued. Never has there
been period in the worlds history
when there was such an imperative
need for the development of interna-
tional law by an international court.
Admitting freely all that must be ac-
complished toward this end by the
ouasi-,egislative action of international
conferences which may meet to discuss
and agree upon international compacts
and codes, 1t is, nevertheless. to the
judicial action of a World Court, pass
which arise between nations, that we
must look not only for the applica-
ton and Interpretation of these COM
pacts and codes, but for the flexible
and intelligent development in this way
of all the subsidiary principles and de-
tailed rules which will surely be found
necessary in such application"
The work which the World Court
Is to play in the Transforming OF world
civilization from a basis of war to one
of peace was next stressed by Stimson.
He asserted the court was more closely
in line with the traditions and habit
of thought in America than OF any
nation.
and, finally, 1t is now possible for
us to assist in the support and de-
velopment of this judicial agent without
in the slightest degree Jeopardizing our
traditional policy as a Government OF
not interfering or entangling ourselves
In the political policies OF foreign states
or of relinquisning our traditional attl-
tude as a Government toward purely
American questions with which we
are concerned. Is there any reason
why on such terms our Government
should not join in the support, moral
and financial, of such a court, or why
Il should not lend its efforts toward
the selection of judges who will act
In this great work in accordance with
the noble traditions of the American
Judiciary? Or why our Governments
great power should not be placed in
a position where 1t can influence for
GOOD or check against evil in the future
development Of the courts charter and
work? I think not" he said in con-
clusion.