davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New Britain herald., 1929-11-20
SINCLAIR BEGINS
 LAST DAY IN JAIL
Millionaire Gilman to End Term
 for Contempt Tonight

Washington, Nov. 20 (P,-Harry r. Sinclair. millionaire oil operator tnkered with the phials and retorts Of the District Of Columbia jail pharmacy today for the last timo. Al midnight tonight he will leave all that behind. his sentences of 61e months for contempt of court anl contempt Of the senate completed II" Is expected to go at once 10 his luxurious Long Island home.
 sinclair entered the jail on May z 10 serve terms Of three months for refusing 10 answer questions of the senate committee investigating the oil scandals and Of six months Tor contempt Of the District Of Co., lumbia supreme court in connection with the shadowing of tn" jury when ho was on trial with Albert E. Fall for conspiracy to dofraud the government through the celebrate l lease on the Teapot Dome naval oil
New Britain herald., 1929-11-20
Good Conduct Cuts stay


 Portions Of the two sentences ran concurrentlY and, with aIiowanc s for five days off each month for good behavior. his stay in the jail was reduced to six months and II days.
 Drug store experience gained in the early days of his career led 10 his assignment aS jail pharmacist and assistant 10 the jail physician. 4 storm or criticism was aroused when il was discovered that his duties took him from beyond the walls of the jail and included ire quent rides 10 the Washington wa terfrOnt.
 These were discontinued hv Warden William r.. Peak, al the direction Of his superior officers in the District Of Columbia govern ment, although Peahe asserl"d that it amounted to discriminating against Sinclair because Of his wealth and the notoriely or the ease.
 An Unusual Case
 ht 'oiIN lNtloll oI t>lINIdlI OH til' cortemrt charges was among tn" few such Vordicts obtained by the government in court actions arising from the oil scandals. Sinclair has been acquitted Of conspiracy. and Edward l." DohcnN and former In terior Secretary Fall were acquitted on similar charges.
 Tall Va. convicted. however. Of bribery in the DohenN Ell, Hills naval oil reserve case. q few weeks ago. and that verdict is now being appealed 1o higher courts.
New Britain herald., 1929-11-20

\ number Of tho handsome walnut desks and chairs to- @"thrr with other pieces of Of lic' furniture to hr used iu tho new Hatch building may now be scCn in oul window!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
International Park
Suggestion Is Hailed
From the Buffalo Evening News

From the Buffalo Evening News.
The suggestion, which appears to
come from Ottawa, that Canada and
the United States establish under per-
petual treaty huge timber, game and
fisheries reserve on the Ontario-Mani-
toba boundary is in every way COM
mendable.
THE Rainy River basin, the area to be
affected, has little agricultural value,
and 1t has not been shown that the min
eral wealth OF the region is important"
saws the Montreal Star. 1T has, how
ever. natural resources of timber and
water power and very great scenic
beauty. On this ground 1t would lend
itself admirably to the purpose IN
tended"
In the ordinary course of things both
countries would cut down and sell part
of the timber and leave the rest to be
destroyed by fire. The animals there
also would be slaughtered and the fish
life would be destroyed by the pollution
of the water courses. So 1t has been
with many similar regions. 1t is only
within recent years that the govern
ments of the United States and Canada
have Interested themselves in reserving
mar ztal haunts of beauty and wild life.
If they were to cooperate in eStabli1S-
ing the Rainy River region as ar Ia
ternational park to he held invt1.Gs2.
they would give great impetus N 30
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE

M. Jules Cambon, renowned French
Ambassador to the United States dur
ing the Spanish-Am American War and
who played a stellar role in bringing it
to an end. is now So years old, but he
has a $50, 000-a-year job. Some time
ago he became the head of the French
Standard Oil Co. At present rates of
exchange, M. Cambon's annual salary
works out at considerably more than a
million francs and must be one of the
biggest. If not the biggest, in all France.
Jules is the surviving member of a
pair Of brothers who greatly distinguish
ed themselves in French diplomacy. The
late Paul Cambon was Ambassador in
London and Jules was Ambassador in
Berlin in 1914, when the World War
broke out.
Senator Francis E. Warren. Repub-
lican, of Wyoming. is going to be re-
membered for something else than being
the father of the United States Senate
during his time in Congress and the
father-in law of John j. PerShing. The
United States Geographic Board has
just approved the proposal of Gov.
Emerson of Wyoming to give the name
Mount Warren to the Hottest peak in
the Wind River Range, 1925 feet high.
Warren is an institution in Wyoming.
He was the States first governor, and
during his nearly 40 years in the Senate
has contributed nightly to its develop
ment. Like so many Westerners who
achieved distinction in the open spaces,
Senator Warren is a New Highlander,
having been born in Massachusetts,. He
hit out for Wyoming via Iowa in 1868.
His climb up the political ladder began
as mayor of Cheyenne.
Copyright, 1929
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17

account Of what actually took place at
Forres yesterday. Gen. Dawes is to
speak in London at dinner in his
honor rendered by the Pilgrims Society,
that indefatigable builder of Anglo
American understanding. At roughly
the same hour Mr.. Macdonald will de-
liver his maiden address as prime
minister at Lossiemouth Meantime,
Messrs Macdonald and Dawes have
approved statement which gives some
inkling of the things they talked about
1t is set forth that world powers would
be invited to aid in solving the naval
question. All this conjures up the
vision of another international naval
conference. prior to the 1881 meeting
automatically provided by the Washing
ton treaty. London dispatches point
out that Mr.. Macdonald may summon
such a conference during the next few
weeks.
The MacDonald-Dawe communique
ends with these president words: Upon
the successful conclusion of the nego-
tiations, in which other naval powers
are expected to cooperate, the fate OF
the whole world depends" In the light
of so tranSccndent an announcement
we may we'll await impending events
with breathless interest. An Anglo
American naval entente, following IN
the wake Of the reparations settlement,
would be the best news Mother Earth
has had since the drums OF the World
War were muff1ed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17

parently proceeds upon the assumption
that the eighteenth amendment relates
only to activities by private citizens.
Under his theory the United States
Government itself would be empowered
to manufacture and sell Intoxicating
beverages If Congress and the Chief
Executive, by majority vote and by the
signature of the latter should enact a
law providing for such manufacture
and sale. The assumption that State
may violate the Constitution through
action of its legislature and its gov
ernor, or that it may be violated by the
Congress of the United States and the
President, seems to be equally I'M
sound.
Wisconsin recently put through a
law in its State Legislature repeating
the prohibition enforcement act of that
commonwealth. This action was pre-
coded by a referendum in which the
majority of the people of Wisconsin
voted for repeal of that enforcement
act There is no Disgusting the fact a
majority OF the people Of Wisconsin
are against prohibition. But that Goes
not give the people of Wisconsin or the
Legislature or the Governor of Wiscon-
sin the right to nullify or defy the
Constitution of the United States. As
long AS the eighteenth amendment
stands unchanged in the Constitution
prohibition will be the fundamental
law of the land. The eighteenth
amendment was adopted by the Amer
lean people in the form prescribed by
the Constitution itself for makinS
changes in that document. When the
American people reach the conclusion,
if ever, that the amendment is to be
modified or repealed, they will take the
necessary action. 1t cannot be done
by a single State nor by a majority of
the States. Only when three-fourths
of them are ready for the change can
it be effected.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
Loca ton of the Airport.

The Board of Trade has asked one of
Bingham, to protect the District against
the obvious unfairness of going beyond
Its own borders in search of site for a
Capital airport. Senator Bingham states
that no decision will be made regarding
a site until the joint congressional COM
mission has the money to spend for it
While this is reassuring, the board does
well to call attention to a matter that
is of great Importance to this commu-
nifty.
Such Importance does not rest on the
fact that an airport. lying conveniently
near the city but beyond the borders of
the District. would offer any great dis
advantage. It is conceivable that such a
location might. in the end prove desira-
bic. That point can be taken up by
properly informed experts when the time
comes for the actual purchase.
But airport legislation as now written
contains a definite stipulation that after
the first Federal appropriation of $780,
600 future appropriations for the air.
port will be financed through the an
nual District appropriations, and that
the Federal Government will contribute
In the proportion that it contributes to
other District activities. If the nine
millions lump sum is indefinitely re-
tanned, fraction of that sum will go to
the airport; if the fiscal relationship is
in some manner changed, it will affect
the airport as it affects other District
projects The legislation therefore
makes OF, the airport project to be paid
fer mainly out Of local revenue If that
carries with it any semblance of prom
Use of local control and operation, as it
should, locating the airport in one of
the adjoining States will not only be
unfair, but will present practical diff
culties as well.
The board does not attempt to argue
the merits or dement's of the Gravelly
Point site or any other site available In
the District. Nor should it. RESPONSE
bility there lies with an able commits
SIGN of Congressman who have the best
OF technical advice at their disposal.
But the method adopted for financing
this project gives the local community
a right to be heard as far as concerns
the airport's location within the borders
Of the District.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
Tiny Creature of Sea
Uses Submarine Tactics
BY E. E. FREE, PHI. d.

How microscopic water animal
scarcely larger than pinpoint can save
Itself IN emergencies by blowing out
tanklike holes inside its tiny body. to
tighten that body and make il float pre-
clSely as submarines blow out their
tanks and rise when some accident has
carried them too low is explained by re-
searches OF the late DR.. E. j. Bles of
Cambridge University, England, pub
iished recently after the authors I'M
timely death. This remarkable little
creature, named Arcella, has body
composed of only one living cell. con-
tanned inside tiny shell shaped some
what like Scotch tam-o'- Shanter and
having hole on the fiat side, like that
headgear. Through this hole project
tentacleS of the creatures body, by
means Of which it can crawl along a
fiat surface. like the mud at the bot
tom of pond. Sometimes. however, the
shell and its occupant get too deep in
the pond water, where there is no oxy-
gen for the animal to breathe for, like
other animals, all Arcella must have its
small, but regular ration of that life
giving gas. ordinarily absorbed from the
surface water in contact with the air.
The accident of sinking into water short
or oxygen would ordinarily be fatal. but
that Is where the blowout tanks come
into play. just the instant that oxygen
begins to be scarce chemical mechan-
ism in the Arcella body begins, DR.. RleS
discovered. to manufacture gas and pro-
duce bubble inside the creatures body.
just as .ne submarine commander uses
compressed Fir to empty one or more
.edfg and create reserve buoyanca TIE
SaS &aitole makes tbs small = ma'
isAasnA' 20 that 1t promptly hAastA az 20
- z1rfaha Dfzeaa tEexn q @rEWs@ m
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
Says u. S. Flag Flown
First at Prospect Hill

To the Editor of The Ssar:
note in your issue June 9 part 7,
page So, in the article, Liberty Gives
Force to Flag Day. by Andrew Stewart,
the assertion that THE first official
American ensign, called the Grand
Union flag" was the result of the de-
liberations of committee of three-the
venerable Benjamin Franklin, a Mr..
Lynch and Mr.. Harrison, and it was
the first hoisted over Washington's COM
mand at Cambridge, Mass January =,
1776."
I request Mr.. Stewart or any one, to
produce any contemporary evidence to
prove this statement to be a historic
fact
1t is my contention that no such evil
dence can be produced, while both
American and British evidence con-
clusively shows that the first display
and probable first use by the CONT
mental Army of this flag. the Cont
mental Great Union" and parent prede-
cessor of the Stars and Stripes of TIT.
was January l mot January ~, 1875.
at Prospect Hill, then in Charlestown,
and since 1912, in Somerville, Mass.
Prospect Hill never was in and Somer-
Vile. never has been a part of Cam
bridge.
variably misquoted letter c. Washington
to Joseph Reed of January 4. l776 (the
original of which the WI ter was the
first to have photostatted) CD a con-
temporary newspaper account in the
Pennsylvania Packet of January Is.
1776. in which Prospect Hill is named
as the place of the display, and 90 a
letter dated Boston, January 26. 1776,
of British Lieut.. William Carter, in a
pamphlet printed in London in 1884, in
which he says: The Kings speech was
sent by a flag of truce to them on the
1st instant. In short time after they
received it, they hoisted a union flag
! (above the Continental with the thirteen
stripes at Mount PiSga British name
for Prospect Hill as shown by British
army mapsl, their citadel s"
1, therefore, challenge any such as
sertion or contention that this flag was
first used at. Cambridge prior to the
| display January /, 1776, on Prospect
| Hill. now in Somerville, Mass. and also
assert, in the absence of any evidence
trary, that the common naming or
| terning of this flag as the Cambridge
| Flag" is an entire misnomer, and his
| torically improper and untrue.
! Thomas E. kissing, in his letter
| printed in your issue May 16, called at
| tention to the recent exhibit visualizing
! the evolution of the national flag at
| the Corcoran Art Gallery, loaned by
! the United States Navy" and 10 the
| official description of the Great Union
as enormously naming Cambridge and
not Somerville as the place of the first
! display of the flag by the Army.
Somerville, Mass. therefore, demands
a Just recognition of its historic honor
ALFRED MORTON CUTLER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
Assurance of Reapportionment
Welcomed by Most Of Country

mists. industrialists and intelligent law
makers urged these insertions in the
census bill" -
THE country may look forward" re-
marks the Terre Haute Star, Ito a step
which has been delayed ever since 1911.
The population has naturally shifted
materially in that period, depriving sew
eral States of the representation to
which they are entitled. The country
representation but Congress has lg-
nored both its solemn duty under the
Constitution and the rights of the more
populous States"
The CHATTANOOGA Times looks forward
to mass of work which will follow the
change in representation: Enactment
of reapportionment legislation will Gre
ate an individual problem for the Legis-
latures Of each of the affected States.
States that lose representation and
States that gain will have to be re-
districted. In those commonwealth in
which political expediency dictates the
practice of gerrymanderlng, interest in
the redistricting problem will be at its
highest"
The fight between the cities and the
rural districts is emphasized by the
Admission Star with the conclusion as
to that phase of the new census fig
ures: THE philosophical significance
of the new order. which gives the cities
a majority in the House of Representa-
tives for the first time in our history
with the possible exception of the early
days of Federalism, will not be appar-
ent TO the average voter. Yet It is the
latter that should be the more chal-
longing as it is but another expression
of the changing character of our civil
cation" sAa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
The School Estimates.

1t was TO be expected that the ex-
&encies of situation calling for the
widest distribution of a limited amount
Of money would result in some pairing
of the Board of Educations estimates
for 1881. And while the Commissioners
are reported to have Topped nearly a
million dollars off the boards estimates
they still represent an increase of $685.
600 above the amount allotted in the
proposed f1ve-year financial program
and an increase Of more than a million
dollars over the 1880 appropriations.
The Commissioners struck compromise
between the five-year program and the
Board of Education's recommendations
AS the Board of Education co-operated
with the Commissioners to the extent of
requesting DR.. Ballou and other school
officials to sit in with them during the
examination of the estimates, it is to be
inferred that the necessary cuts were
made where the schools will feel them
least. The customary secrecy imposed
in the preparation of the estimates for
the Budget Bureau, however, will keep
the public in the dark as to the fate Of
the schools until the budget is sent 10
Congress next December
If the Commissioners school estimates
are to be maintained by appropriations
they will not have shown any increase
in proportion to the increase in the
budget. School funds represent 26 per
cent of the total appropriations becom-
ing effective July /, and this same per-
centage is maintained in the estimated
appropriations for 1881. While school
funds are increasing by million dol
lars. the budget is increasing by three
and half million. The greater part Of
the increase is to be accounted for in
anticipated appropriations for continu-
ing purchase of the municipal center
site and beginning construction of the
new courts building on the site.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
Liquor by Indirection,

Milwaukee vets are preparing a legis-
lative resolution to put the State OF
Wisconsin into the liquor business
Their theory is that the eighteenth
amendment to the Constitution pro-
hibits "the manufacture, sale or trans
portation of intoxicating liquors within.
the importation thereof into and the
expectation thereof from the United
States" for beverage purposes by private
persons, but does not prohibit such
action by State governments. j. G..
Hardgrove, former president of the Mill
waukee Bar Association, is responsible,
according to dispatches, for this in
genious plan to avoid the operation of
the eighteenth amendment The Su-
preme Court of the United States, how
ever must be heard from in the end.
Many assaults upon the eighteenth
amendment have come before the high
est tribunal of the land for final set
Element in the past. 1t is notable,
however, that in no instance have the
opponents of prohibition been able to
make headway in that court
The language OF the eighteenth
amendment is broad. 1t does not say
that the manufacture or the sale OF
intoxicating beverages shall be pro-
hibited to private citizens, nor does it
say that it shall be prohibited TO State
governments. In neither case is 1t
specific. The language appears to be
| inclusive 1t is quite clear that the
intent of Congress. when it submitted
| the eighteenth amendment II the
| etates for ratification, was to halt abb
e,,t,,tat.y tha nj ,.,,f r. ct,sre ard salnssnl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
Postmaster Generals
Judgment Is Praised

From the Toledo Blade.
Postmaster General Browns refusal
to approve a $25,oOo,00O bonus for
operation of an air mail line from Los
Angeles to Honolulu is another mani
festation of his excellent judgment.
Compared with the possibilities of
business development by air mail be-
tween New York and Rio de Janeiro
or Buenos Aires, the line to the Ha-
waiian Islands would be unimportont.
Brazil and Argentina are among the
best customers the United States has
for its exports, and in turn we import
large quantities of goods from those
countries. Correspondence concerning
transactions involving hundreds of mil
lions of dollars is distressingly delayed,
mails between New York and Buenos
Aires sometimes being more than two
weeks in transit. When that time can
be cut to four or five days some bonus
money will be well spent in encourage
ment of enterprising promoters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-17
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

way! Something awful has happened,
and we are on our wa-a-a-a-a-a-ay!"
X y 4
The people came running up from
Pennsylvania avenue. they came pant
ing up from E street, and down from
G street; they appeared running from
around corners. hurrying, scurrying,
laughing scowling, painting.
What is it? What is the matter?"
They turned heads to ask each other
as they sped along, never stopping for
a moment, so anxious were they all to
see what was going on.
No one knew. Some said 1t was a
fire, others vowed it was a suicide, and
still others banked on its being a
murder.
Murder was the favorite verdict but
there was self-assured young man at
ease on the corner who, although he
could have known no more about 1t
| than any one else, knew all about it.
It's a hold-up," he said in the most
positive tones imaginable.
ITS hold-up!" girl in pink
dress shouted to a friend in a green
one.
Its hold-up!" screamed the girl
! in green to a man in linen.
Its hold-up!" beloved he to a
group of strangers.
! They were still fiocking from all
downtown to F. street. Pretty soon the
| sidewalks were crowded, the throngs
! growing denser to the east, where the
| police cars still screamed fainter and
! fainter path amid the human ants.
X X
! Crowds are jolly but hateful We will
never forget the idle curious who stood
| leering in the snow along Eighteenth
street for days after the Knickerbocker
| disaster.
1t was a show, not tragedy, to those
| fools. And yet those fools" were SIM
| ply normal men and women who had
! given in to mass psychology.
| They wanted to see what was going
on. Once elbow to elbow, each indi-
| vidual mind ceased operating as an in
| dividual mind and took on certain as
| poets of the herd mind.
| So the merry boys laughed and the
merry girls TESTED while the dead and
| dying were carried away. 1t is so with
all crowds
Psychologists have told us that the
crowd assumes mind of its own, that
exactly the same sentiments crop up in
every single mind, that this mass-mind
is infantile in good, mature in evil.
The crowd personality will do what
only few individual units in the crowd
would think of doing. 1t will boo the
good, hiss down the lovely and tear and
rend good and evil alike.
Every crowd is a potential menace
! To the American public must go the
! credit of constituting orderly crowds In
most cases. At the most, only a rest
HISS desire for excitement animateS it.
The danger is there. however waiting
! for spark to ignite it, Men and
women who rightly may claim to be
sensitive above the average feel it In
| all crowds, no matter how peaceful theii
purpose.
Given their choice, they stay out oil
crowds as much as possible not because
they are victims of crowd-phobia, but
| because they merge too easily into II
| themselves.
Happy are those thoughtless ones who
can feel the hypnosis of the crowo
without misgiving, for to them shall
| be given some of the most exciting sem
sations known in city living-the merg-
ing of personality into larger, more
evil one.