Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-11-28

lite. He may drink, bathe and eat in
the vicinity Of the hera, but any attempt
at familiarity or intimacy with any of
it's members is at once resented and
the intruder is driven off with heavy
blows and outings with the head, adj
friends and companions. No wonder
this otherwise gentle, intelligent and
social animal becomes savage, morose
and dangerous.
THE outlaw turns bandit and MUIR
derer. He spends his nights In destroy
ing plantations, overturning hutS and
pulling up rice plants and young COCO
nut palms. Hiding in the jungle by
day, these crazed beasts often prowl
about unfrequented roads and jungle
paths at night, and it Is extremely dam
gerouS for an .unarmed man to wander
In their neighborhood."
Turning from jungle animals, the
Smithsonian report presents the ind
ings of DR.. A. Brooker Klugh of Queens
University. Ontario, on the psychology
of the red squirrel, which close observa-
ton showed to possess decidedly human
mental attributes. 1t has, DR.. Klugh
insists, "a keen sense of ownership"
Both of the squirrels" he says
which have made the maple In my
garden their headquarters apparently
erty and drove away other squirrels
which came into 1t. Once saw an in
truder come to the tree while the owner
was away, and finding some pieces Of
meat, it proceeded to eat them in such
hurry that 1t choked. The behavior
of the squirrel which Is raiding the
stores of another Is so absolutely diff
ferent that one can tell at once It Is
not the owner.
Mark Of Ownership.
"The ownership of an article seems
to be marked upon it by the squirrel
licking 1t and by moving it from the
place In which 1t Is found. The red
squirrel has an excellent memory, shown
by the way it remembers where 1t has
put things. even after they have been
stored away for several days. A squirrel
had buried nine nuts in the snow on a
balcony one afternoon. During the
night there was heavy snowfall and
the new snow lay more than foot
deep on the balcony. Next morning the
to each place, dug down, and success
sively brought up the nine nuts. In
many cases there IS a possibility that
the sense Of smell may play part in
the finding of objects, but in this case
this seems to be out Of the question.
1.-THE mental states of the red squir-
rel are expressed mainly by attitudes.
more rarely by the voice. Surprise,
fear, curiosity, attention, anger and
contentment have their characteristic
attitudes. In fear the body is f1attened,
the head dropped and the tail held
straight out. In curiosity the neck is
stretched out to a remarkable degree.
Anger is shown by stamping the hind
feet and jerking the tail. Attention Is
shown by folding one pow and placing
it against the breast. The scolding
chatter which is so familiar to every
one seems to indicate anger. and is usu-
ally accompanied by stamping the hind
feet, which action is sometimes so Viu-
lent as to become veritable dance.
Reflection is mental attitude which
is supposed to be characteristic only of
man. Yet have often seen q red
squirrel take q piece of foodS start for
one place with it, pause a moment, then
return and deposit it in some other
place. have also repeatedly seen it
store piece Of food In one place, come
back a short distance, and take the food
to another location.
'As to what actually passes In the
mind Of the squirrel we are completely
in the dark. But from close and long
continued observation am convinced
that the mental processes Of the red
squirrel are far more varied and COM
plicated than is usually supposed"