davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
ROOF TOP A!RWAY
MARKERS OUTLINED
Committee Gives Standard
lied Specifications in Plan
to Aid Pilots.

Standard specifications to guide cities
and towns in all parts of the United
States in providing rooftop airways
markers for the guidance of airplane
pilots are contained in a report issued
here by special committee which has
been working on the subject for eight
months, under the direction of the
aeronautics branch of the Department
Of Commerce.
The specifications, together with
working drawings, will be distributed in
pamphlet form to all parts of the coun-
try. The Post Office Department, the
Guggenheim Foundation, aeronautical
organizations and civic bodies have
joined with the United States Govern
ment in urging that every city and
town in the country be adequately
marked for the benefit of the flying
public.
The proper marking of. cities and
towns and the establishment of aerial
guideposts" showing the compass direc-
tons, the direction to the nearest air.
port and, by symbol, the size and IA
cilities at that airport, are recognized
as one of the outstanding needs Of mod
ern aeronauticS
Simplicity and effectiveness are the
prime requisites of successful marking,
the committee states in its report. The
report deals In detail with the types of
markers for day and night use, colors,
lighting, size and style of lettering,
choice of roof on which to place the
markings and the types of uniform SYM
bols to be used.
ut is important" the committees re-
port states, chat the markings give the
pilot his position and enable him to
orient himself; also that they indicate
the direction and distance to the near
est landing field, the size of the field
and the general equipment and facilities
obtainable, including facilities for night
operation. Hence, it recommends that,
when possible, they include the name
of the city or locality, a meridian
marker and, If there is an airport in
the vicinity, combination of simple
characters indicating the direction and
distance to the airport, the rating of
the port and whether facilities are
available for landplanes, sea planes or
BOTH
The first airway marker in the United
States laid out in accordance with these
specifications has been painted by Boy
Scouts of Takoma Park on the roof of
the Takoma Park Theater, Fourth and
Butternut streets. 1t directs the aviator
to Boiling Field.
The committee Is composed of Harry
Fl. Blee, chief of the airport section of
the aeronautics branch, Department of
Commerce, chairman; Lieut.. A. P.
Flagg, Navy Bureau of Aeronautics;
Capt. Harold NJ McClelland, Army Air
Corps; Charles l. Stanton, airways en-
gineer. Bureau of Lighthouses, and John
Groves, aeronautics branch, Depart
ment Of Commerce, secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17

IL we are to have aircraft operations
in distant areas the only way we can
have them Is to carry the airplanes on
the backs of the ships Of the fleet.
Back of the problem Of developing
efficient airplanes to use at sea has
been the far more important job Of de-
veloping the service facilities on the
surface. Only those who have visited
some of our largest flying fields and
have seen long rows of hangers, hdi1-
dreds of acres Of smooth landing space,
and perhaps as many as so or 100
planes operating from such field at
once can realize the magnitude Of the
Nays biggest problems
Problem Is Solved.
We had the job of condensing all
of the flying activities of such field
into a space less than 900 feet long
and 100 feet wide, the size Of our
modern ships. Furthermore, we had to
provide means for the flying field"
10 move on the surface of the ocean az
a speed of 35 or 40 miles an hour,
and be able to cruise on the open seas
for weeks on end without contact with
shore.
That is the problem which we sue
cesSfully solved In the Development, aft
err years of experimental research. of
the Lexington and Saratoga. These
aircraft carriers. along with devices for
launching airplanes from our regular
battleships and cruisers, have shown
the way to most efficient use of air
planes in our national naval defense.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
SKY DINERS SERVE
BREAKFAST IN AIR
Travellers Between Cleveland and
Chicago Ready for Work When
They Reach Field.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CLEVELAND. February 16.-"Sky
diners" now provide breakfasts for air
travellers between Cleveland and Chi
cago. arriving at Chicago before the
business day gets under way.
Miss Cleveland. a l2-passenger. tri-
motored Fokker monOplanc, leaves the
Cleveland municipal airport every
morning at $50 o'clock It's chef starts
to serve breakfast soon after the huge
plane begins to skirt Lake Erie on its
fight to Chicago.
Chilled fruit, eggs as desired. toast.
coffee and other breakfast dishes can
be ordered by the passenger. But n
ones three-minute eggs are UNDERGONE,
TO the CONSERVATION OF the chef, one
must bear in mind that the 2l2 degrees
Fahrenheit boiling point of water varies
every 800 feet. or about Is degrees 70
the mile. These SKY diners" often
cruise at from 5000 to 10000 feet above
the ground.
The big plane points her nose down
into the Chicago municipal airport
hour and As minutes later, arriving
there at 1885 o'clock in time TO reach
the city for business in special limou-
sines provided for passengers Of the
plane.
Another one of the SKY diners" OPP
Grated by the Universal Aviation Cor
poration. flies between Minneapolis, st.
Paul and Chicago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
AVIATION
BY JOSEPH s. EDGERToN.

lof multi-motored planes flown
with radial air cooled motors may
be increased 20 per cent by the
use of cowling.
Burnelli'S new plane, with it's
folding landing gear and fuselage-
inclosed motors, has attained a
top speed Of las miles per hour.
Experience with the original
model, now at the Naval Air Sta
ton, AnacoStia, is expected to re-
suit in refinementS in subsequent
models which will increase this
speed.
The Particulars test flights re-
vealed many interesting facts. The
pilots found that the big plane not
only would fly on any two of her
motors but that, with the center
motor switched off, the ship would
climb at the remarkable rate of
800 feet per minute. Upon COM
! pletion of the test flying, the
plane was headed from its home
port, Bristol, Pa, for Mitchell Field,
N. Y. Sixty miles out of Bristol,
a faulty valve resulted in the
blowing out of a cylinder head on
the port motor.
With one motor dead the pilots,
Capt. STREET. and Kenneth G.
Fraser, decided to fly back to
Bristol. The center motor was
speeded to 1900 revolutions per
minute, it's maximum, and the
right motor to 100 revolutions
The pilots found, however, that
the ship would climb at this speed
and cut the center motor down to
| LOO revolutions and the cupboard
to 1850 revolutions. They re-
turned to Bristol without difficulty
though the two live motors were
delivering far less than their
maximum power.
This is the sort of performance
for which aeronautical engineers
have been striving and is the chief
argument in support of the multi
motored ship. Three motors sc
far have been the maximum on
American commercial planes
Anthony Fl. G.. Fokker, however
is well on the way toward produc-
ton of a series of four motored
planes which will carry 80 pas
sengers and with which he hopes
to realize high speed, together
with a high factor of safety. He
is arranging the motors in tandem
it is reported, driving two tractor
and two pusher propellerS.
! The United States Navy expert
mented with four motored Ships
soon after the World War, the
NC-1 series, including the famous
NC-4, having been of this type
The arrangement on these big fly
ing boats, however, called for two
motors in tandem, driving one
puSher and one tractor and two
cupboard motors, driving tractor
propellerS.
Germany today is the home OF
| the worlds largest multi-motored
flying boats. The Dornier Super
wal type, with four motors, has
made many enviable records. En-
couraged by its success, DR.. Claude
Dornier now is completing the first
OF a contemplated series of huge
flying boats which will weigh
l15,000 pounds loaded. Twelve
motors will be employed in three
| tandemS on each side of the hull
driving six tractor and six pushel
propellors. These aerial monster.
| with Stanch l1ulls designed tC
| weather ocean storms if forced tc
the water, are to be employed il
| transatlantic passenger service.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
Y v YAsHINGTONIANS during
M the past three days have
Wv had an opportunity to

Wv had an opportunity to
witness the performance
of the most advanced type OF pas
senger airpIane yet developed IN
this country-a beautifully de-
signed and equipped 20-passenger
plane which, with loaded weight
or more than seven tons, prob
ably could hold it's own with ease
in a race with a standard Army
pursuit plane.
The big plane, known as the
keystone Patrician, is the fore
runner of a fleet being built for
passenger service in this country.
This plane, the big 20-pasSenger
Burnelli plane with its wing Sec
ton fuselage, and six-paSSenger
plane now being constructed along
purely speed lines by Chance
Vought, are the answers of three
leading American designers to the
cry for more speed on the airways.
The performance of the Patrl-
clan is of quality which pleads
for the use of the overWorked
word sensational" Some OF its
performance characteristics were
revealed in a series of passenger
hops from Boiling Field. The
writer was a passenger on the
first of these flights, with 10 other
persons. The pilot was Capt. St
Clair STREET., leader of the Army
flight to Alaska and return, and
pilot on the world record altitude
flight for two persons.
Despite the load, Capt. STREET.
lifted the big plane into the air
out of muddy field after a run
of approximately 500 feet and
pulled it into steep climb. The
Patrician climbs 1850 feet per
minute at sea level with a full
load. After circling over the city
for a short time, Capt. Street,
dropped down over the Anacostia
River in a steep glide, leveled of
at about $50 feet and gave the
three Wright Cyclone motors "full
gun" Roaring like formation OF
pursuit ships, the big plane raced
the length of Boiling Field loo
feet above the hangar roofs. A
glance at the air speed indicator
revealed a speed of 165 miles pei
IlOUE. Wkldb ILLS 1tlCdI1D may UC
realized when it is considered that
the Curtiss Marine Trophy was
won last year by pontoon- equip
ped Curtis Hawk pursuit plane
with a speed of 1870 miles pei
hour and that the pursuit plane
race in California last September
resulted in speeds averaging less
than 160 miles per hour.
Keystone engineers are prepar-
Ing to equip a sister ship to the
Patrician with the new cowling
for radial air cooled motors de-
veloped by the national advisory
committee for aeronauticS. With
this cowling ON all three motors
to reduce the air resistance Oh
drag, they hope to increase the
top speed of the Patrician to 1T
miles per hour and boost the
cruising speed from 1870 miles to
las miles per hour.
Vought hopes to incorporate the
speed of his famous Corsairs in
the new passenger commercial
plane which now is nearing COM
pletion and which represents his
initial venture in the commercial,
field. He expects to attain 8
maximum speed Of IT'S miles pei
hour with two uncoWled motor.
and national advisory committee
engineers predict that the speed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17

"It is believed that this trip has done
a great deal of good in the way of pro-
noting friendly relations between Costa
RIGA and the United States" 1t was
stated in the report to the War De-
partnent. I'VE were informed by a
number of Americans that there had
been decided change in tone within
the "a hours following our arrival in
Costa Rica. There never had been more
before at one time, and it appeared
indeed, as the President expressed it,
"a great day in the history of Costa
Rica.'"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
Heads New Flying School.

w. S. Dawson, formerly an airplane
and engine inspector for the Depart
ment of Commerce, has been appointed
manager of the Curtiss Flying School to
be opened soon at Detroit. The Crosse
Isle Airport, now under improvement,
will be used as an extensive building
program will get under way soon.
Actual flying operations are scheduled
for early Spring.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
County Airport Aid Sought.

officials of the Greenville, S. c., air
port are now studying the possibility OF
securing county assistance in the opera
ton of their municipal airport. Opin-
ion Is divided there upon the advisa-
bility of such move and a complete
analysis of similar cases Of joint mu-
nicipal and county enterprises has been
undertaken.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
|SEA HOPS CALLED
| OBJECT LESSONS
Planes Must Be Carried on
Backs of Fleet, Moi
felt. Says.
BY REAR ADMIRAL w. A. MOFFETT.

tChief, Navy Bureau OF Aeronautics)
Future control Of the sea, upon
which protection of our merchant ships
depends, will be assured only If we can
carry great fleets of airplanes to sea
on the backs Of our fleets.
Life cannot now be sustained in the
vast areas of the sea upon airplanes
alone. The outcome of the Dole flight
and Of various other transoceanic ven
lures has given us compelling object
lessons which we dare not ignore.
If the time ever comes when control
of the sea can be better exercised by
vessels of the air only, you may be
assured that the United States Navy
will be the first to put wings on its
vessels and abandon the surface. But
until we have produced far more eff
f1cient airplanes than we now have
any right to expect, we must relate all
air activities to the surface ships,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
Aviators Given Strip Maps.

Two additional strip maps, prepared
by the Coast and Geodetic Survey for
the Department of Commerce, are being
sent to aviators who fly between Green's
boro, N. c.; Richmond, Va, and Wash
ington. The new maps are part Of
the extensive Government program to
provide proper airway guides for flyers
between all principal cities and sections
of the United States
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17

SAN FRANCISCO (P).-Weekly in
spection of airplanes is made at the
municipal airport by city officials. The
before an aviator is permitted to take
off.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-17
Threat Recognized.

The Navy recognizes the enormous
potential threat to ships that exists in
the operation of aircraft, but careful
studies have forced us to recognize that
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13

Gently said:
II have been travelling in connec-
ton with my business for more than
twenty years. Irregular and hurried
eating caused my stomach to get in
dreadful condition. / had heartburn
after each meal and hot acids would
come up in my throat for hours af-
forwards. Many a time have miss
ed meal, rather than have all the
misery. | also suffered with consti-
patton and tried nearly everything
but was never able to get more than
temporary relief. / felt lifeless and
worn out all the time, didn't feel like
calling on my customers, and my bad
health cost me many a dollars bust
ness.
This wonderful Sargon treatment
had a soothing effect on my stomach
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13
JOLIET

Mrs. Eva Pearce was Billings Wis
itor Sunday.
l. Irwin motored to Butte Tuesday
returning Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. M. Hammond were
in Billings Saturday
Mrs. E. BACKYARD, of Roberts, was
Joliet visitor Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. G. Tidyman mo-
tored to Billings Saturday.
VIM. Barcley, of Lysite, Wyo., Wis
tied relatives here last week.
Mesdames c. L. and E. F. Burger
motored to Billings Saturday.
Mrs. Allen Weaver and sons of Red
Lodge visited at the Meyer home Sun
day.
Mesdames H. Haddox and G. L.
Burger shopped in Billings Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. L. Grewell and DR..
Dean Grewell motored to DesMoines,
Iowa.
Mesdames H. Brophy and w. S.
Laughery shopped in Billings We'd
nesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ross Martin were
weekend guests at the Chas. Ander-
son home.
| Word was received here from B. d.
Haugh that he reached st. Louis Sun
day evening.
| Services at the Episcopal church
Sunday evening at 1880. Frank Du-
rant, pastor.
! E. N. Talmadge and family and
Mrs. Alice McAdams motored to Red
Lodge Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Duffield were
guests at the Clyde Fisher home Sat
urday evening.
| Edmund Hobbs, of Shelby, is the
}house guest at the home OF his aunt,
Mrs. R. Lanters.
Mr.. and Mrs. |. Irwin, Of Choteau,
and small son Darrell, are guests at
the B. D. Bell home.
H. B. Pierce and family, R. R.
Smith and wife were callers at the
H. G. Wilcox home Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Woods and Miss
PATTY Buchanan, of Billings, were
guests at Mont-Aqua Sunday.
Mrs. Lynn Holiday, of Billings,
who is staying at Mont-Aqua, was a
luncheon guest at the 4. W. Talmadge
home Friday.
G. F. Chamberlain and wife, of Red
Lodge, and Leroy Williams, were din
ner guests Wednesday evening at the
Eva Pierce home.
Mr. and Mrs. A. 7. McCune and
family and Miss Gladys Getchel, of
Billings, were dinner guests Sunday
at the Mathwig- Reardon home.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. j. Reardon motor
ed to Laurel Saturday morning to
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13

meet M. Early, of Three Forks, who
was called home on account of the
death of his father-in-law, A. French.
Mr.. and Mrs. Earl C. Talmadge en-
tertained at family dinner at their
home Sunday in honor of Mr.. and
Mrs. VIM. Duffield. Covers were laid
for Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Duffield, Mrs.
Anna Talmadge, the honor guests and
the hostess family.
The district meeting of the |. o. O.
F. and Rebekah lodges was well at
tended. After the meeting a banquet
was served by the Christian Workers
and Lutheran ladies in the dining
hall under the lodge rooms. One hun
bred and eighty were seated at the
tables, decorated with pink and greer
tapers and color scheme was carried
Throughout the dinner.
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13

and strengthened my whole system.
| can now enjoy my meals without
bad after effects, and | am so much
better and stronger in every way
feel like new man. That dull, tired
feeling left me and l have renewed
energy for my work. Sargon Soft
Mass Pills entirely overcome my con-
stipation. It's mighty fine to be en-
joying good health again.
II have told a lot of my friends
about the Sargon treatment and /
am glad to recommend it."
Sargon may be obtained in Red
Lodge from the Economy Drug Co.
| -Adv.
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13
CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF
LATTER DAY SAINTS

There will be no services in Red
Lodge Sunday because of district con-
ference meetings. The meetings will
be held at Belfry Saturday, June 10,
g p. M; and Sunday, 18th, at 1880
a. m. Also at Bridger Sunday, June
16, at 2:30 p. M, and at Billings Sum
day evening at 7:30 at the Odd Eel
lows hall. The speakers will be Elder
Arthur Wellings, faculty member of
the L. D. S. college, Salt Lake City;
also Elder John G. Alfred, president
of North Central States mission, and
Melvin ]. Ballard, member of the
Council of Twelve apostles. Every
one is invited.
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13

day at 7:3O. Ladies Aid, Wednesday,
afternoon in the church parlors.
Special meeting of the Scouts of
Troop 2 Monday evening at 7:30 at
the Methodist church.
Sermon theme for Sunday morn
ing, wings"
We invite your presence at the SER
vices of this church.
Joint vacation Bible school at the
church each afternoon, from 1870 to
4:30. Let the boys and girls come.
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13

Addison Chapman is visiting with
relatives in town this week.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. F. Brophy and
daughter, Sara, motored to Billings
this morning to spend the day.
Louie Sasick, former resident of
Bearcreek but now a resident of Bill
lings, was transacting business here
today.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Merriman,
of Oakland, California, are guests
this week of Mr.. and Mrs. ]. w. Chap
man and Mr.. and Mrs. S. c. Merri-
man.
Mrs. Ida Sterling, accompanied by
her son, Robert, and Grandma Ster-
ling of Nevada, Missouri, who is
spending the summer with them, was
here from Belfry, Thursday.
L. P. Chapman submitted to mi
| nor operation for the removal of a
tumor on the right groin at the Ad-
ans hospital Monday morning. He
| is recovering nicely at his home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tony Miller and chill
dren left this morning by auto for
Oakland, California, where they will
make their home. The Millers' have
lived in Washoe for about twenty
years. Since disposing of their fur
niture they have been guests of Mrs.
Miller's father, John Osnik, at Was
hoe.
Funeral services for Mrs. Jackson
Lane will be held at Smiths funeral
home in Billings at one o'clock this
afternoon. The body was sent to Bill
lings from Red Lodge yesterday by
R. G. Martin. Mrs. Lane has been a
resident of Red Lodge, but formerly
lived in Billings. Her husband, who
was a teamster, died in Billings jan
uary 10, 1916.
A number of men turned out last
Sunday to help in the work of build
ing the Richel Lodge-Hell Roaring
road and much was accomplished It
had been hoped that the business men
would avail themselves of a holiday
and be present, but as it was some of
them donated toward the. work in
stead of performing the manual la
Dor. IT is hoped to have thenew high
way in use within the next three
weeks.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tony Miller, of Was
hoe, have been honored with several
farewell parties in the last two weeks
among them being a social gathering
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Joe
Turk, at Washoe, last Thursday night
and a party at the Alex Hatherall
home at Washoe last night, given by
the Ladies Auxiliary of Mooseheart
Legion of this city. Music, dancing
and refreshments comprised the pro-
gram for each party.
The following Boy Scouts of Troop
No. l, in charge of Scoutmaster H
Miller Scott, worked all day Wednes-
day on the road extension above Rich
lei Lodge, under the direction of DR.
If. I. Johnson: George Abrahams
/ Thomas Abrahams, Warren Abraham.
son, Forest Flashman, Elmer Hanula
Howard Maddox, Richard Mallin, Ed
ward Nordstrom, and Norman Weast
These Scouts contributed the entire
day to the road extension project.
Matt Pakkala received his degree
in electrical engineering and the GOV.
eted Rhodes scholarship to OXFORD
University in England, at the annua
commencement exercises at the Mon.
tana State college, Bozeman, last
night Mr.. Pakkala visited his mother
and other relatives in Red Lodge anc
his father in Gebo last week. He ex-
poets to leave soon for Montreal ant
thence across the ocean to Oxford
The University at Oxford is said tt
have been founded by King ALFRED
in 872.
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13
CARD OF APPRECIATION

We wish to express our gratitude
and thanks for the delightful fare
we'll parties rendered us by S. N. P. j..
Lodge, No. 324, Bearcreek; the La
dies Auxiliary of Mooseheart Legion,
Red Lodge, and our many neighbors
and friends prior to our departure
for Oakland, California, to make our
future home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tony Miller and
Children.
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13
BRIDGER

Harry Pierce was visitor in Bill
lings Friday,
Paul Pierce made business trip
to Billings Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. S. 0. Forsman, of
Clark, Wyo., were in Bridger Tuesday.
S. E. Hughes and Jack Hughes
were Billings business visitors Mon
day.
Mary Breen, who is employed at
Belfry, spent the weekend with home
folks.
Mr.. and Mrs. Art Nelson drove to
Billings Tuesday for days visit in
the city.
The Carbon County news. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1931, 1929-06-13
LEADER is
NOW FIRM ENDORSER

A. E. Banderob operates the Mil
waukee branch of Banderob & Chase,
manufacturers of furniture, of which
he is a co-partner. He is prominent
ly identified with the furniture bust
ness throughout the state. He re-