davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-10-12
HOOVER IN TRIBUTE
TO REVOLUTION HERO
Polish Soldier Cherished by Ameri.
cans, Says Execu.
tive.

President Hoover yesterday paid tribute
TO Brig. Gen Casimir Pulaski, the Polish
patriot, the 150th anniversary of whose
death while in the service of the Aneri-
can Continental Army is being observed
today, when he declared that Gen
Pulaski will always be cherished in the
hearts Of the American citizens and
that their appreciation of his service
in aiding American independence will
never die.
This tribute was paid by the President
In cablegram sent to Ignacy MoScicki,
President of Poland, in response to a
cablegram from the latter incident to
the ceremonies in this country in
observance Of Pulaski seSQuicentennial
celebration.
Shortly after the noon hour to-
day President Hoover received Tytus
Filipowicz, the Polish Minister to this
country, who called in the capacity of
special Ambassador of his country, and
presented a commission of countrymen
who have come here as official repre-
sentatives of the Polish government.
Almost Immediately following this
reception, which was in the Presidents
ONCE and informal, the President re-
ceived a large group of American
citizens of Polish extraction, and posed
with them for a group photograph in
the rear grounds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-10-12
LARGEST CIGAR PLANT.
Kansas City to Be Site Of
5000. 900 Factory.

KANSAS CITY, October IL QR-The
largest cigar factory in the world, with
an annual pay roll of 81, 100000 and an
investment of 100000, will be opened
here by the American Cigar Co.. sub
sidiary of the American Tobacco Co., as
soon as equipment can be installed.
Announcement of decision to open the
plant here was made by Frank
w. HARDWOOD, vice president of the
company. The factory win be devoted
exclusively to production of cigar now
manufactured by the Niles & Moser
Cigar Co. of Kansas City.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09

on q fifty-fifty basis with the District.
No city in the country is in greater
need Of municipal air facilities than
washington. Two private fields. small
and unsuitable for heavy trafiic, and
two service fields, one OF which is used
by sufferance by the New York-Atlanta
mail planes, are Washingtons total con-
tributions to aviation. The fact, how
ever. that washington at the present
time is without facilities comparable to
other cities Of Its size does not mean
that its citizens are not as air-ntnded
as those of other sections. The private
companies do q rushing sightseeing
business. On one day last week one
concern alone carried more than four
hundred passengers aloft to view the
beauties of the National Capital from
the air. Likewise, fast passenger service
is daily run between here and New
York. and the activities in aviation In
all lines is constantly increasing.
With q field capable of taking care
of the heavy traffic that Is assuredly
coming In the future-in fact, 1t will
come almost instantly with the estab-
lishment of an adequate airport-Wash-
ington would take its rightful place
among cities of the United States. The
question has been studied from every
angle by committees Of experts. The
time is ripe for action. 1t behooves citi-
zens of Washington and members OF
Congress, therefore, to brook no delay
in carrying out a plan that is unani-
mously Endorsed to put the National
Capital upon the air map of the country
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09
Exchange of Work Seen
Equal to Rest Period
BY E. E. FREE, PH.D.

Giving the Office stenographers an
hours rest each day by sending them
out to help nail up boxes in the ship
ping room, while the shipping clerks
come in simultaneously to help the
bookkeepers make up the books, might
be less foolish than it sounds, at least
If facts recently uncovered by psychol-
ogists of the British Industrial Fatigue
Research Board prove to have general
application. In a recent report of this
board S. Wyatt and j. A. Fraser de-
scribe experiments on the effects of
changing the kind of work during the
working day-changes intended to pre-
vent the supposed damage to health,
happiness and efficiency caused by the
extreme monotony Of many Jobs in a
modern factory. That such changes of
occupation do refresh the worker and
increase efficiency Mr.. Wyatt and Mr..
Fraser confirm, but they find also that
the most complete improvement follows
complete change of occupation, pref
erably from mental work to physical
work or vice versa. Altogether new
muscles are thus brought into plav.
perhaps even new sections of the brain,
To interchange the Office force and the
workshop force for a part of each day
IS not likely to be a business posi-
bility, but practical increases of OUTPUT
and Of efficiency might follow q prac-
tice OF assigning the mental work of a
workshop, like shop accounts, to the
manual workers in turn and for brief
periods instead Of hiring a shop book
keeper to do nothing else.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09

Now he IS about to return to town and
the district leaders are holding their
breath. No one of them wants to make
the least move which may result in the
former governor putting him on the list
Of undesirables in the process Of elimi-
nation. For it is recognized that he is
to cast the deciding vote. Meanwhile
the mayor Is saying nothing and doing
nothing about the leadership. 1t is
somewhat strange that Tamn1any
mayor, aspirant for another term,
should be so mindful Of hts step lest
he jeopardize his prospects, but Mayor
Walker has studied the returns of the
election Of November and he knows
that Tammany did not vote straight
one hundred per cent on the presidency
And this spirit of independence on the
part of section Of the organization
might manifest itself anew, in the
mayoralty campaign soon to open.
Some day the history of the past few
months Of Tammany Hall will be writ
ten, and 1t viii prove to be extremely
interesting reading.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09
Recognition of Great Service
Seen i'm Award of Baker Medal

"the great story of American participa-
ton in the campaign in Europe might
never have been written. Certainly
under him that story was written-a
story unique in the history of the world.
In Is months 100000 men trained to
a degree were landed in France with
out the loss Of one. Supplies for them
were landed and distributed. Munitions
were gathered or manufactured and
dispatched 5000 miles. Others had
part-great part-in this remarkable
feat, but he typified the whole person.
mel and dominated the greater part Of
the work.
I'VE are glad, all of U.S." states the
Herald of Washington Courthouse. that
this recognition has come, that the
clearing away of misunderstanding has
occurred during the lifetime of the
wartime Secretary. Other leaders in
that great conflict, in this and other
countries, have died while misunder-
standing persisted. History will write
great men Of the Nation and the world.
but 1t is far better, far more satisfactory
to us, to write our chapter while we are
all here"
Newton D. Baker is worthy of any
honor his countrymen could bestow
upon him." concludes the Petersburg
Progress-Index, which recalls that he
had one of the biggest jobs ever COM
mitted to an American" and that he
discharged 1t in a manner which COM
PEELED the admiration of enemies and
critics."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HAsKrN.

cities Of the United States In size and
volume Of business?-J. H. F.
{ A. 1t IS the eighth city in size. and
the Baltimore Association of Commerce
says chat it has bank cleartngs Of
SIS, 26O, 041, STA. manufacturing produc-
ton OF 100000, 900, and foreign trade
of $225, oo0, 900.
@. How much faster do finger nails
grow than toe nails?-P. F.
A. The nails of the hands grow at
the rate Of about l millimeter q week,
while those of the toes grow a MILL
meter In a month.
@. Why did I have to pay a pre-
MUM Of 10 per cent to exchange United
States notes for Canadian money about
the year 1870?-C. C.
A. The 10 per cent premium paid on
American money to which you refer is
explained by the fact that the only
legal tender money in circulation in
the United States in 1870, i.e., United
States notes, or legal tender" as they
were popularity called, was ct dis
count In gold Of around 10 per cent
from 1870 to 1876. No provision for
the redemption Of these notes in gold
had been made in the authorizing act
in fact no such provision was operative
until 1S79-hence the notes deprecated
in terms of gold to a considerable ex-
tent. Mr.. A. B. Hepburn in his VOL
ume. "a History of the Currency In
the United States" states that the aver
age gold value of these notes in the
United States in the year 1870 was 81
cents on the dollar, and that this
average gold value in the period from
1870 through 1876 ranged between 81
and 80 cents.
@. What is a stream line in air
planes or automobiles?-P. r. I.
A. 1t is the fashioning of the COW
ering Of wood or metal about a part
Of plane or machine. which will offer
less resistance to the air stream.
@. What is the first instance of
numbering being done in the Hudson
River Valley?-C. E.
A. Henry Hudson sent his ships car
penter ashore to make his vessel new
forearm. fashioned from one of the
trees of the forest.
E. & 4. ., Is the Island OF S0'0rr0'-
A. The Mexican embassy says that
the Island of Socorro is the largest one
of the Revillagigedo Archipelago in the
Pacific Ocean, near the coast Of the
state Of Colima. 1t is 10 miles in length
and miles in width, its highest point
being about $500 feet above sea level.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09
Tammany in Turmoil,

Former Gov. Alfred e. Smith of New
York, late candidate for President Of
the United States, Is just now in q
delicate position respecting the reorgan-
ization Of Tanmany Hall occasioned by
the resignation Of Leader Olvany. When
the big chief threw things into con-
fusion recently by handing in his
papers," there was scurrying about
Of district leaders, agitated by the
thought that some one of them might
become his successor. Mayor Walker,
with denomination and campaign for
reelection in prospect, at first took part
in the proceedings in manner that
indicated disposition, or at least de-
sire, to dictate the selection. But three
cornered rivalry arose among the lead
ers and 1t became obviously inadvisable
for the mayor to take any hand in
reaching decision. Finally at meet
ing Of the executive committee Of Tam
many after Surrogate Foley had posi-
lively declined to sacrifice himself by
taking the leadership, which he could
have had for nod Of the head, the whole
matter was referred to committee Of
four. consisting Of Mr.. Smith, Senator
Wagner, Surrogate Foley and Mayor
Walker. Since then nothing has been
done. but Q significant gesture is now
becoming evident on the part Of three
of the quartet Of arbiters whose thumbs
are definitely pointing to the former
governor as the one who is to make the
first move and practically the one to
make the selection. He has Just been
on vacation" On the Jersey shore.
ii the course Of which he has refused
to discuss the TNmmany leadership.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES Z. TRAcERELL.

watching grass, trees and plants
grow Is the secondary Joy Of Spring.
The FIRST Joy is. Of course, the season
itself.
A man would have to be on the verge
Of suicide not to get q kick" out OF
such Spring as this, the first genuine
one to enveiop the National Capital In
several years.
Even patients in hospitals secure some
relief by looking out the window at the
trees rapidly coming into leaf.
Hortlculturists say that nothing can
! fool the maples-when they begin to
bud. Spring is at hand, and not before,
no matter how balmy the weather may
present itself to impressionable man.
The trees feel, in their inscrutable
sap, when Nature has finally decreed
| Spring, and not until then do they set
about their business Of making leaves.
So. il the evidence of the Norway
naples may be believed, Spring Is
really here.
There may be a setback or two Ono
season in this latitude would be COM
plete without such), but as far as the
trees tell us there will be no genuine
change for the worse.
From now on we will have spring,
gradually merging into Summer, bring
| ing forth in their due season the beauty
of trees, grass, flowers, SHRUBS, pusneS
and other ornamentalS.
Let no one hesitate, therefore, to
plant the seeds of ANIMALS. In the be-
lief that it Is too early. The amateur
gardener by all means should take adj
vantage of the early Spring, several
weeks in advance OF last year, and put
his seeds into the ground at once, II
he has not already done so.
There is nothing to be gained by
waiting now. In such seasons as that
of last year nothing was gained by pre-
mature sowing, as the seeds simply lay
dormant until the ground warmed up.
This Spring the earth Is warm and
mellow, In prime condition to grow
things. Step into the yard and see
the seedlings of the sturdy althea ale
ready beginning to appear.
I'D everywhere In the borders, so small
that even an expert scarcely dares
classify them as yet.
Such warm, rainy days as last Fri
day and Saturday furnish ideal grow
ing weather" for all things of the
vegetable kingdom.
Rosebushes, favorites in a million
gardens, sprang into leaf almost over
night. and today are pushing out
and up
While prediction of the first rose
is always hazardous, we risk setting the
date as of April 20 to rs.
Radiance and her sister. Red Radi-
ance, will be the first to bloom, If
past performances count for anything,
and they count for much.
One should not wait for rose pests
and diseases to appear, but should
spray at this time In order to prevent
them. if possible.
IAN ounce of prevention Is worth a
pound of cure" applies nowhere so well
as in the rose beds.
There are several sprays on the
market which combine contact materi-
ais to kill aphids (plant lice), poisons
,, to end the careers of chewing insects.
and materials to help control fungus
diseases, including miidew and black
spot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09

Noses which are continually bathed In
sunlight all day long are not so likely 70
be affected by fungus diseases as those
bushes which are partially shaded. This
must be kept in mind when spraying
the garden. Bushes on the south side
of the house probably will need little at
tention other than an early Spring
spraying for aphids, but roses situated
so that they are shaded half the day by
garages in all probability will need ire
quent wettings with spray materials.
Mildew especially affects the climb
ers, the white deposits rendering them
unSightly even when In flower. the
Dorothy Perkins Is particularly noted
for this condition, and the only rem
edy--if. indeed, there is remedy-ls
spraying at this time bordeaux mixture,
or finely powdered sulphur.
The lilacs, and the altheas, and the
hibiscus, and the various spireas, the
peony and the iris-these need little. II
any, attention In the Springtime, doing
their beautiful best for humanity with
out any pother
What q grower the peony is! From
the moment when its red shoots come
through the earth to the gigantic
blooms on Memorial day. it Is one Of
the marvels Of plant growth.
The peony grows from nothing to a
giant bush in little over two months,
and crowns its endeavors with scores Of
great blossoms which make even the
largest rose blossom seem small in COM
parison.
Today the average peony shoots are
about half foot tall, and it is difficult
even for the peony enthusiast to COM
prehend just how much they will grow
in so short a time. Some Of these
bushes will become feet tall, and as
many in diameter. And when 1t is
realized that the great blooms will be OF
exquisite delicacy. without trace of
coarseness, for all their size, the flower
lover can only marvel anew at the work
of Nature, and resolve not to overlook
the miracle just because 1t is OF every
Spring occurrence.
Il X \ X
Grass Is far ahead Of its usual sched-
ule In the District of Columbia and
condition by this time; those that are
laggard are still far in advance Of the
average season.
Every one Is interested In the grass,
since 1t it Natures carpet, and every
one knows that good rug or carpet
does more to make a place beautiful
than. any other one factor. A city or
town without grass around its homes
would be unthinkable. Even poor grass
Is better than none at all.
Every home owner at this season
takes an especial interest in his lawns,
often spending much time and worry
In attempting to force Nature to do
her best, when she would do better by
being left alone.
II your grass does not do as well as
you think 1t should, the chances are 10
to that you spent too much time
watering 1t last Summer. While the
hose is needed in severe drought, when
brown spots appear, as general thing
the lawn is better of without its use.
Then the roots are forced to root hog
or die" and by going down deep pro-
tect themselves both from the heat of
Summer and the cold Of Winter. Reg
ular moving proper fertilization and
some little reseeding-these constitute
the necessary lawn measures. Any
thing more is worse than useless--it is
harmful. To coddle lawn Is the sure
way to ruin it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09

s Did you ever write q letter 70 Frederic
j. Haskin? You can ask him any ques-
ton of fact and get the answer in y
personal letter. Here Is a great educa-
tional idea introduced into the lives Of
the most intelligent people In the
world-American newspaper readers. It
Is a part Of that best purpose of q
newspaper-seryice. There Is no charge
except cents in coin or stamps for
return postage. Address Frederic j.
Haskin, director, The Evening Star In
formation Bureau, Washington, D. c.
O. Has any one been graduated from
a university in the United States who
was IS years old or older?-M. p
A. The registrar of the University Of
Kansas at Lawrence informs us that
Mr.. Frank l.. Weaver received the de-
gree Of bachelor of science in civil en-
cheering in June, 1923, at the age
of 81.
@. How fast can a camel travel?-
N. E.
A. In a regularly supervised camel
race held at Tunis, Africa, on March 8,
1926, one of four racing camels was
clicked over a 1-8 mile course in IL
minutes, averaging approximately 8
minutes 40 seconds to the mile.
@. How are radio waves classified as
long and short waves?-G. M.
A. Radio waves 200 meters or less
are called short waves. Those above
200 meters are long waves.
@. Does the term "A. e. f." include
the Navy?--C. w. K.
A. The Navy was not included in the
American Expeditionary Forces.
@. How we'll Is the average person
supposed to hearth. S.
A. The usual hearing standard Is
ability to distinguish words spoken in
a low voice at a distance OF so feet.
Q. What is q bank clearing house?-
C. G.
A. A clearing house is voluntary
association of banks located in the
same city joined together to facilitate
the daily exchange Of checks, drafts
and notes among its members, instead
of separate exchanges being made di-
rectly by each bank with all other
banks.
@. How much land is included in
the national parks and national forests?
e. M. H.
A. The total area in national parks
is 1l,817 square miles. In national
forests, on June 30, 1927, there was a
gross area of 1898, LOG acres.
@. How does Baltimore rank among
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09
Ending the Abattoir Menace.

In withdrawing its application for
permit to build an abattoir In Arlington
County, just over the bridge from
washington, the N. Auth Provision Co.
responded to pressure from a public
sentiment that became almost irresist-
ible. Once aroused. this sentiment
grew in volume and was just beginning
to hit its stride when the tight was
ended. The merchants who withdrew
their application are to be consratu-
lated. They apparently had the pub
lie officials of Arlington County with
them. Their application probably
would have been approved and the
slaughter house could have been built,
despite the storm of protest. But in
dropping the project the merchants
have won friends instead of enemies
and they have done their part, through
this negative action, to save the Ma
tons Capital and its immediate en-
virons from the danger of encroach-
The fight over the abattoir brought
into the open and placed in opposition
two distinct elements of the Washing
ton and nearby Washington comn1u-
nifty. One element could see nothing OBJ
jectionable in the erection OF an
abattoir. In fact, everything was in
its favor. Rules and regulations of
the Department of Agriculture were
cited in an attempt to show that the
one thing Washington needed, from an
esthetic as well as a practical stand
point, was an up-to-date abattoir. De-
scriptions Of the Nations leading
abattoirs were made available, and they
led one to believe that nothing so up
lifts the moral tone Of community,
improves the atmosphere, safeguards
the lives of children and makes for
happiness and health among the grown
folks, as a modern slaughter house.
Word pictures were painted Of long
trains of contented cows, fraternizing
with happy sheep and delighted pigs,
rumbling through the peaceful coun-
tryside of Virginia on their way to a
sanitary abattoir, looking forward to
the pleasing prospect of being butch
cred in the shadow Of the Washington
Monument, the Lincoln Memorial and
the Tomb of the Unknown. And last,
but not least. the erection Of an abat-
toir would bring the money with 1t that
hustling industry brings.
But there was another element. 1t
was composed, according to the an
nouncement from the provision nner-
chants, Of residents Of Arlington
County, Virginia, civic associations and
other citizens of the District Of Co
lunbia, the National Park and Plan
ming Commission, the Fine Arts Com
mission and other public ofncials," and,
the announcement might have added,
an embattled group Of women who or
ganized committees and. from the ris-
ing of the sun to the setting thereof,
called on those interested in the abat-
toir project and told them they did not
want slaughter house so near Wash
ington.
The strength and the preparedness
of this element, its ability to organize
and to say its say, is healthy indica-
ton that the future Ct Washington is
adequately safeguarded. A new civic
consciousness has come into being.
There should be fewer mistakes, hence
forth, in the development of the Cap
ital. Good for the abattoir! 1t served
a purpose after all!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-09
Washington's Airuort.

II unaninity Of opinion means any
thing, washington viii soon be the pos
SCISSOR Of a municipal airport second to
none in the United States. Hearings
now being conducted before the joint
congressional committee have disclosed
no witness hostile 10 the establishment
Of model airport in the National Cap
ital. On the contrary, every person ap-
pearing before the committee has waxed
enthusiastic and insistent that field to
provide for the needs of the District is
imperative, and with but few exceptions
witnesses have agreed that Gravelly
Point, permitting an airport for both
seaplanes and landplanes, is the logical
site. Such a consensus. first for the
airport and then for a definite loca-
ton, augurs well for the future devel-
opment Of field for the air-minded
National Capital.
The scope of the plan to furnish
Washington with model airport can
be appreciated when it Is realized that
the Commissioners have urged upon
Congress the necessity for at least q
six-milion-dollar expenditure. This will
provide q field three thousand feet by
seven thousand five hundred feet, am
pie to care for the rapidly growing needs
Of the District for q period Of at least
ten years from the time Of completion.
Modern In every respect, the proposed
airport would accommodate all types Of
aircraft except possibly dirigibles. and
would logically become the terminal
point Of both mail and passenger serv-
ices. Three years has been set rs the
period necessary to complete the FIRST
stage OF the field after appropriation
have been made. The Commissioner
urge Congress 10 construct the airport