Evening star., 1929-06-30

Il
Once the plain men and women the
world over are innbued with the educa-
tional and spiritual ideals of peace and
their power is internationally co-ordi-
mated, they will demand from their
statesmen good faith-that is, honesty
In purpose and expression and reali-
zation that no cause is ever settled until
it Is settled rightly and that human
beings are fallible. and therefore, we.
must observe the golden rule and deal
with our neighbor as we want him to
deal with us.
Care should be exercised in diStin-
gushing between the principles of peace
and the instruments which have been.
or may be, set up to govern the inter-
national political agencies for peace.
The international peace instruments
which have been set up do not renounce
war. in fact, one of the objections made
in America to these instruments which
have been set up was that they recog-
nized and supported the doctrine of
force as a means to peace.
Whatever differences there may be
over the eff1caciousneSs of the political
international institutions for peace,
there should be no difference in arous-
ing q nnaSsed worldwide opinion to
agree to renounce war and to settle the
differences between nations by peaceful
methods. The massed opinion will give
moral sanction to the Kellogg peace
pact that will outlaw from the society
of nations those governments which
break their solemn obligation to set
tie their differences by peaceful means.
Such an awakening of the intelligent
public opinion of the world will make
war internationally impossible and give
&n
peace pact.
Must Consider Political Forces.
But while these intangible forces-
namely, worldwide moral conscious
ness for peace-are at work, and must
in the last analysis decide the issue
between war and peace, there are cer-
tain political forces which must not
be disregarded. The conference for the
limitation of armanents, of 1922 and
the various peace treaties promulgated
since the World War have made prac-
tically no advance toward disarma-
nent. Nations signatory to such
treaties have been appropriating more
money and celebrating larger mill
taristic programs during this period
than ever before. The republic Of
France is today maintaining a larger
armed force, with Germany disarmed
than it did in 1914, when Germany
was armed. With Austria and Hun
treaties of 1919-1s21. the succession
states-Tlamely, Czechoslovakia, Ru-
mania and ugoslavia-rnaintain today
larger armies than was maintained by
the former Austro- Hungarian Empire
Since the Washington disarmament
treaty Of 1922, excluding vessels to be
completed under the treaty, Great
Britain has laid down and "appro-
priated for" for naval expansion
28s, ,684 tons-74 vessels. Japan has
laid down and appropriated for in the
same period 125 vessels with an aggre-
gate tonnage OF 361 ,452 tons. France,
with 119. and italy, with SO new vessels,
particularly submarines and destroyers,
have closely followed the example of
Great Britain and Japan. All have far
exceeded the efforts of the United
States in both total tonnage and In new
naval vessels During this period the
United States, up until the passage
Of the cruiser bill. alone among the
her military armament. Exclusive Of
six small river gunboats for use in
China We have laid down only IL new
vessels, with total tonnage of $4,000.
Let me recapitulate: Since the Wash
ington reduction of naval ornaments
treaty of 1922, excluding vessels per-
mitted to be completed under that
treaty, the great powers of the world
have laid down and appropriated for"
for naval expansion, as follows; Japan,
l2S vessels; Great Britain, "a; France,
14e; italy, s3 and the United States,
up until the time of passage Of the
cruiser bill, exclusive of small river
gunhoats, II. But I am not enumera-
ting this record Of naval building for
purposes Of comparison, but to show
that the world is arning instead Of dis
arming since the World War.
Cost of Military Is Enormous.
The cost of military establishments
women who toll and draw a salary and
| live under a fixed income must pay for
| these crushing burdens. From the end
, of the last century down to the date
| Of the World War ornaments were In
creased enormously and 100000 were
| kept idle in barracks and $0 900 ,000, 900
spent In their support The support OF
! these soldiers and the maintenance of
| these ornaments was drawn from the
+! production of the men and women who
I toiled. The war did not end this sys-
! tenn. 1t is going on now. We must dis
cover a way by which we can escape
from the disasters that persistence in
militaristic enterprises threatens to
bring upon the whole human family.
/ In former days ornaments were de-
! Tended on the ground that they made
! for peace; that without armaments the
nations would all be fighting. 1t has
now become the accepted belief that
instead of making for peace they actu-
! ally tend to render war inevitable. In
deed, nations that maintain large
! armies are already at war. Instead OF
destroying the property of one another
they are at war destroying the sub
stance of their own people. The folly
Of large armies and 1avies takes away
from men, women and children the
cup of plenty and abundance which
the bountiful Creator has placed upon
the earth for their happiness and we'll
being. There is only one use for arma-
ment and that is war-to etrtke an
enemy.
Agreements to withhold declarations
Of war for any given period, six months
or year, are Of dubious value.
Believes u. s. Can Effect Disarmament
How Is disarmament to be effected;
Many proposals of different methods
have been made. Personally. I think
America alone can effect disarmament
America can induce it upon the world
And it can be done without the slight
est interference with the independence
of any other nation or by offending
other nations.
First and foremost, our Government
must undertake a vigorous, persistent
and determined can1paigrfsof OF moral sua.