davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27
Nautical Miles.

Have you ever wondered why the
speed of a ship is reckoned in knots,
rather than in miles per hour? Most
people have, and the explanation is a
very interesting one.
1t is rather startling to think that
Christopher Columbus had absolutely
no way of telling how fast his ship was
travelling, nor how far it had gone
But about a hundred years after the
discovery of America navigators began
to use log" This log was piece
of wood which was tossed over the
stern of the ship into the water
Attached to it was long cord, with
knots tied in it at regular intervals. As
the ship sailed on the piece of wood
would remain stationary behind 1t and
a sailor standing on the ship would lei
the line attached to the log" run out
through his hands. BY counting the
number Of knots in the cord that slipped
through his fingers In, B. certain period
Of time, he was then able to figure, the
speed. Of the ship.
Now the knots were so placed on the
string that the number of them that
would pass through the sailors hands
in a minute eQualed the number OF
miles per hour that the ship was travel
ing. 1t is easy to see, therefore, how
the work knot" came to be used as 9
nickname of the nautical mile.
On modern steamships. of course, the
speed is Judged by instruments thai
record the revolutions. Of the propeller
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27
Safer Sea Travel

Guard. under American authority.
watches the ocean along the sea and
lake coasts. Last year 1877 derelicts and
other menaces to navigation we're re-
moved from trade routes.
All vessels must report to the hydro
graphic Office thep sighting of dere-
lets or floating debris which may be
the menace. Sometimes the driftwood
structions are then radioed to the near
est cutter to go out and rid the seas of
the menace. Sometimes he driftWood
can be located without difficulty. but
frequently days, even weeks. must be
spent in the search. because these wan
dererS. though rudderlesS. are speedy
They drift rapidly from place to place
A derelict may first be sighted near
Florida. later off New York, then near
the Grand Banks, and finally close to
the British Isles.
The United States cutters do not GO
far from the coast but sometimes they
are unable to locate a rambling rover
before fuel is exhausted. and a second
trip is necessary.
If the derelict is a waterlogged wood
loaded schooner. it will be lowed in
rather than be blown into more pieces
to endanger marine trific lanes. The
task OF getting one of these into port
is real test of seamanship. Any one
who has tried to take part in the tow
ing OF crippled motor on good terra
f1rma can imagine the difficulties of
negotiating waterlogged hulk on the
temperamental sea. Aside from me-
chanical difficulties there is another,
| understood from the name given TO
towing jobs. the battle of the rats"
| The skeleton crew which must come in
t1O lie Ia e.
rodents which infest and overrun the
! forSaken vessels.
If the roamer is the steel hull of an
oil-carrying freighter which has been
swept in a sudden blaze of flame. it is
| destroyed by gun-flre. Blowing up
wreckage with TINT. is quite a task
1t is necessary to know just where to
place mines in the most vulnerable
parts. The work may take days. Div
ing gear is sometimes used. and often
the Seamen must swim around to place
the charges.
| Vessels which have gone down in
shallow enough water for the masts to
remain as silent signals of tragedy must
be destroyed. for they are a menace to
pleasure craft and other small ships
which hug the coast.
Imagine what happens if ship going
| SAiApuEiL tIlC WdtSI at. % kllOIS crashes
into floating wreckage. Although it is
impossible to estimate how MANY lives
and how much money have been saved
by this marine housekeeping. it is easy
to see that many accidents are pre-
| vented.
Although because of the very perfcc-
ton of the operation of the ice patrol it
will not need an important place in this
convention, which is to unravel tangles
and coil new cordage strong enough to
be of service to the world, it will be
necessary to have some discussion of
the future growth of that branch of the
international pact
THE rules of the road" are another
subject which has diminished in i'm
portance as they have increased in
efficiency. Because they are we'll estab-
lished and are satisfactory generally
they Will not demand great deal of at
tention. However. they have place in
conference which deals with safety
at sea.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27
Riddles.

Take these riddles to school with you,
and try them on the brightest friends
you have. Perhaps it would be fun to
have some questions that these stars"
couldn't answer:
I !. When pig loses his home, what
does he do?
2. How did Jonah feel when the
whale swallowed him?
3. What is 1t that is cut at both ends
and made longer
4. Why is a steel trap like smallpox?
5. Why are some men like umbrellas?
Answers.
l. Ties knot in his tail and calls it
pig-sty (pig's tie). 2. Down in the
mouth. 8. A ditch. 4. Because it is SO
catching. S. Because they have so
many ups and downs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

shot with none of the bad points. Even
If you miss hitting the basket clearly,
this shot gives you the greatest chance
of hitting the blackboard or the rim and
going in by luck" Give your shots the
amount of arch shown on this path and
you will get the best and most con-
siStent results.
One-Hand Shots.
A moment ago said that you should
always shoot for the basket and not the
blackboard, but there is one important
exception, and that Is the dribble- in
shot from the side of the floor. This is
one-hand shot, and you should learn
to make it from either SIDE being care
full always to keep your body between
the ball and your guard, so that he
cannot spoil the try. Do not attempt
to put spin on the ball in this shot,
but bank it directly on the blackboard.
In making the dribble-in shot from the
front do not shoot for the board. but
for the basket itself Lay the ball up
there as though you were placing it on
shelf. and don't give 1t any English
This is one of the shots in which a
tall player has big advantage over a
shorter one.
One other thing: Occasionally a
PldyCA Cdll IIldhc Utlt-IldIQ StlOL
equally well with either hand, but most
players will be much more skillful with
their right hands Therefore when
making the dribble- in shot from the left
side 1t will be necessary for you to turn
your body just as you shoot with your
right hand in order to keep your body
between the ball and the guard. This
will be readily done after a little prac-
tice.
Making Practice Interesting.
In fact. cannot emphasize too
greatly the Importance of practice, and
in no part Of the game is the statement
Practice makes perfect" truer than in
shooting. Having once learned the
proper way to shoot, you simply must
keep everlaStingly at it to acquire real
skill and accuracy.
Sometimes, of course, this constant
practice may become monotonous. but
there are various ways of making it
more interesting. One of these is
basket ball golf. Mark out sixteen po-
Sitions on the floor with chalk, some
what as shown in the diagram. Each
player then tries to make a basket from
each position, which corresponds to a
hole on golf course. and the player
scoring from all sixteen in the fewest
number OF shots is the winner Par"
on the course should be about 80, but
1t is possible to make it in sixteen
shots if you never miss!
You are probably familiar with the
game in which players alternate shoot
ing long shot and a follow-up shot,
counting three points for the long and
one for the short shot. The player first
scoring twenty-five points wins. This
game will also add interest to your
shooting practice
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

about eighteen inches distant from it.
Take position that is natural for you.
and one in which you are gracefully
and easily balanced.
The chest shot is made with the
wrists and arms giving the power.
There Is no exaggerated spring of the
body. which takes time and throws you
off balance. The ball is simply pushed
toward the basket from the chest po-
sition, with very little twist or English
on it. The chest shot is the hardest of
all basket ball shots to guard and
should therefore be carefully learned by
every player 1t should form the basis
of all tries for the basket from any dis
tance out on the floor. It is, of course,
a two-handed shot.
Shoot for the Basket.
Now perhaps you are wondering
whether to shoot for the blackboard or
for the basket itself. You have seen
many players do both, and perhaps
some do one thing at one time and an
other thing on the next shot. However,
when shooting from the floor it is al
ways best to shoot directly for the
basket and not for the board
One of the most important points
about shooting is brought out in the
NOtC lllC III &c
possible paths that the ball may take
from the players hands to the basket.
On the top course the ball makes high
arch in the air, and in order to count
must hit the circle of the basket Clearly
and fairly. This is pretty shot when
it is made, but it isn't made often
enough to be effective.
Now notice the lowest path. You
have seen players shoot this wa. so
that the ball goes swift and low, Sim
ming over the front rim of the 2sl:et
and hitting the blackboard Eu the
diagram will show you that making a
score in this way is very diffit alt
Now note the middle path. which is
the correct one. With this you get
most of the good points of the hioh
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

Having learned to advance the ball
on the basket ball court by means of
passing and dribbling. the next thing
that you naturally must do is shoot for
the basket. 1t goes without saying that
good shooting is important, for all your
offensive efforts will be useless unless
you can complete them by scoring.
Every man on your team should be
able to shoot, and shoot we'll The first
shot to learn is the chest shot. which is
made from the same position as the
chest pass The ball is gripped in the
way I described in an earlier article.
and the elbows are kept close to the
body, which is partly crouched. One
foot should be ahead of the other and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

be removed. The purified juice is then
boiled to grain in vacuum pans. It is
then sent into centrifugal machines,
machines which separate the sugary
syrup from the molasses. The pure
sugar is then allowed to dry and to
crystalline and is ready for the market.
1t reaches us in a variety of forms,
either in Jumps. as crystals, in powder
form or crystallized on strings in the
form of rock candy.
While cane, sugar grows in most warm
countries, by far the greater part of 1t,
and the best quality. comes from the
island of Cuba. and Havana. its
capital, is the worlds greatest sugar
center.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27
THE STORv Ct SUGAR.

There are many kinds q susa.--
dextrose, maltese, levulCse, glucos
fructose, sucrose-but when you think
of sugar. the sort on your kitchen
table and the sort with which you are
most familiar, YOU are thinking of the
last, sucroSe, or cane sugar. Familiar
sheen expended in its manufacture
before it reaches you and many a mile
has it travelled before it appeared in
your home.
conon3erc;ai s, so is n,anUf t ~ ..t1
grows only Ia tropical and semi
tropical countries-the southern part
OF the United States, Mexico, Central
and South America, Cuba, the Philip
pines, Hawaiian Islands, East Indies,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

day or so, and in the morning try our
luck with rhino." v
TT sounds all right" I answered.
"An ask is to be shown something I
can see. I'm tired of spiritualistic
Seances"
you'll see rhino quite easily" said
Flint. -
The air grew colder. the stars came
out In scintillating myriads; far away,
near the top of the Kamasia Noun
tains. pinhead of light fiickered from
a native village. We turned in. The
last thing I was conscious of was a
wave Of sound coming from a vague
distance to end in three great reverber-
ating roars.
What is it?" I asked.
Lion" said Flint.
copyright, 1922
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

parts Of Africa, midland it grows as
tall. leaved stalks. to heights varying
from 10 to Is feet. When these stalks
are. cut through thick. juicy pulp Is
revealed. which. on being squeezed.
yIelcs sweet, sticky fluid, its sap. It
Is this sap which contains the sugar
and which is the basis of commercial
sugar.
When the sugar stalks are ripe, they
are cut down and fed into a series Of
steel rollers which squeeze out the sugar
sap, leaving the stalks almost dry.
The clear fluid is collected in large
pans heated by steam pipes. This heat
Ing clarifies the sap and brings to the
eaay1ace certain impurities which must
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

Dan Streeter has previously told how
the fever OF adventure seized him in
middle life and sent him on Roosevelt's
Africa a When M he arrived Ga At Nairobi, the
heart of the big-game country. ready
for action, he found an up-to-date city
Wn 5000 fsda hotels country h GidS ad
lost and found department for ANA
teur explorers" took him under its wing
and arranged for him to motor with his
l3year-o son out to a farm. from
which base he could go after lions, ,.ele-
plants. buffaloes and things.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27

The definitions are:
Horizontal.
/. Southern State (Abr)
3. A Spring flower.
S. Girls name.
6. Greek letter.
8. What the grounding looks for.
10. Track.
IL. Limb of the body.
IL. A proposition.
10. Yes (Spanish).
IA. Agriculture (Abr)
IS. What the grounding often sees
falling.
10. Vegetables grounding likes to eat
Vertical.
/. An animal weather prophet.
2. What this animal breathes.
g. A hotel.
4. A continent (Abr.)
7. Pretense.
8. The season the grounding forecasts.
8. Near.
II. A beast of burden.
a. Respectful fear.
16. Either o.,
II. Within.
,
Do you know what a. Word Series
is? 1t is made up of words arranged so
that the last letter of the first word
is the first letter of the second, and
the last letter of the second is the first
letter on the third, and so on. With
this explanation, see If you can form a
series as follows: Something used for
fastening. then a large animal. word
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27
WITHTHE PUZZLE EDITOR

meaning long something for Lighting.
verses. and something used for cutting
wood.
Here's a picture puzzle that should
be easy for you.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-01-27
BY DANIEL w. STREETER.

N YAIROBI faded into the distance.
N The road was good. It was not
VI one of the Roman roads of
4 England, framed in its hedges,
nor a Route National of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-11
OUR CHILDREN By Angelo patri

in the open and let him learn that he
can depend upon your wisdom and your
fairness.
If home life is very tame, with no
ups and downs of fun and talk and
frolic and planning, the children are
likely to select some striking personal
ity to bring the charm and sparkle of
variety into their days. It often hap
pens that this scintilatirg person is not
of the quality you would like to cul-
tivate in the children'S circle
Don't make the mistake of sneering,
Of scorning. of being high hat about
it. The child is comparing the liveli-
ness and the activity of this delightful
person with that of those at home. His
choice indicates his need. Set about
supplying the need tactfully and intel
ligently.
Attack the situation indirectly by
bringing out fresh interest that car
ries the child away from the previous
association. Talk about other things,
plan other ways, make new connections
in interesting groups. School and
camp and church and club are open to
you for this purpose. Friends have
great influence, bring out latent tastes
and tendencies. arouse enemies and set
their stamp upon the character OF the
associates. Select them with care
when you can. and when you can't
deal very tactfully with them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-11
Children's Friends.

Children's friends are very inpor-
tant factor in the lives of the children.
They mean quite as much to them as
your friends do to you. Perhaps they
mean more because childhood is more
unselfish and loyal than maturity.
The right kind of friends is more
than important. 1t is crucial. The
quality Of child is beyond his social
standing, his potential wealth, his fu-
ture promise. The old-fashioned idea
of personal worth is as true as ever
1t was. In these days of modern styles
in manners and their reflected morals,
the old style is most precious.
Who was that boy you came home
with MARTINI"
Pete Jones'"
Pete Jones? And who might Pete
Jones be?"
There can be just enough poison in
the tone that carries Scorn and dis
appreciation to kill poor Pete Jones as
friend of that family forever. Pete
Jones. Where does he live? On the
flats? Seems to me you might get
somebody bit better than Pete Jones
OF the flats as companion"
Martin searches for words to explain
that Pete is fine fellow. He wants
to say how square he is, what a good
sport he is. how ready he is to help
fellow out of tight place. how cheer
full and unaSsuming. But how can a
lad of ten say all that? The most he
can manage is, "Aw. Pete's all right"
Better GO slowly and discover whether
or not Pete is all right. If he is. cul-
tivate him. If he isn't, gradually draw
away from him. But go cautiously and
never without certain knowledge of
what you are about. If you Sneer at
the children'S friends they will hide
them from you. for a child loves deeply
and protects his love. Keep him out
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-11
Perils of the Bath.

A Virginia doctor reports the sad
case of a major in the Medical Corps
who went through the war unscathed,
then on his way home from France
grew careless, ventured into bath
tub, slipped, and suffered fractures of
two ribs. The doctor enumerates Is
other reasons why the wet wash is
risky, none of which interests me much,
but understand some folks still in
dulge in this rite new and then and If
such there be / want to warn EN-. For
example, the late Sir Arthur Pearson, a
great publisher, lived in comparative Sc
curity and comfort for years and years;
finally he decided to take bath, and
while in the bath he slipped, his head
struck faucet, and he was stunned so
that he drowned before aid could reach
little bath will do. Who knows. maybe
both Of these unfortunate men thought
they could take it or leave it alone. My
policy is to leave 1t alone as long as
folks leave me alone. Not at all-that's
just where you are wrong. You can't
gauge a mans cleanliness by the num-
Der of bathtubs he rents or owns.
FaintneSs or vertigo Is more liable
to happen in hot-water bathing, espe-
cially when weak person takes
bath shortly after eating or when very
IlIcO k0uCA1 pCOpAC ACofC
door open and have the hall porter look
in on them now and then.
John L. Sullivan, famous champion
Of the ring, died in his bath. What
chance have you and /?
Epileptics may have a seizure while
in a bath and drown. Mark Twain's
daughter met such an end.
ApopleXy (stroke of paralysis from
cerebral hemorrhage) may happen in a
bathtub as well as at dinner or on the
street; this, too, might readily lead to
drowning in the tub. do not believe
a bath is likely to lead to apoplexy, or
to determine an attack in one of apo
plectic type.
Young children have drowned when
they fell into a tubful of water in the
absence of an attendant. Invalids or
convalescents subject to faintneSs have
met similar end.
A lady brought suit against hotel
recently because when she turned on
the shower marked Gold" she was
scalded About 10 years ago New
York hotel settled similar claim for
100000, made by a guest who was
knocked down by the force of the
scalding water. A woman taking a
shower bath in a public bathhouse in
New York slipped grasped a faucet to
save herself turned on scalding wa
ter and steam, which burned her
fatally.
Many persons have suffered electric
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-11
Attractive Selections i'm Bags
BY MARY MARSHALL.

ton or chiffon dress in Midsummer.
There are charming bags made from
patched squares of quantity printed
calico. The squares are an inch and a
half across and are arranged diagonally
across the bag so that the upper and
lower rows consist of right-angled tri-
angles. These bags are mounted on
wooden frames or on frames covered
with calico. 1t would not be at all
difficult to make bag Of this sort In
pouch shape to be drawn up by means
of cord run through tiny brass rings
at the top.
For resort wear there are large bags
of cretonne or chintZ made on wide
mouthed frames of wood or metal COW
cred with the material. Rather larger
bags are permitted for informal Sum-
mer wear than for formal wear in town.
Many of the Smartest new bags close
by means of large round button with
a buttonhole on the flap. Sometimes
there is a strap around the bag. which
is drawn through a metal or compost
ton ring at one side.
The fashion for matching bag and
shoes goes merrily forward and many
women always consider their handbags
with regard to the shoe with which
they are to be worn-if not In actual
material at least in color tone.
The new shadow-proof slips have
q skirt section made from two lengths
of material wrapped around" SO that
there are no seams. From yard and
flve-eighths of material 80 inches wide
YOU can make one of these slips in an
hour If you would like the diagram
pattern and directions, please send your
stamped, self-addressed envelope to
Mary Marshall, care of this paper, and
I will gladly forward it to you.
Copyright, 1921
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-11

Mark Twain or rather Sammy
Clemens-never dreamed of becoming a
literary man.
In those far-off boyhood days in
Hannibal, Mo- he wanted to be pirate,
a river pilot. trapper. a scout, a
bandit. He loved the sensational, for
he loved the limelight
At 8 he felt himself a matured
being. At school, lank, lean country
girl had asked him If he used tobacco.
mo-" he replied, rather ashamed.
"Haw!" cried the big girl to the
others, here's boy that can't chaw
terbacker!"
So he set to work to remedy an
obvious defect in his training. and
while he had not made a success of
chewing tobacco he had become an
adept at smoking it, He could cuss,
too. Yes. he was grown up.
Once he was induced to sign the
pledge of the Christian Sons of Tenn
perance. But, after a month, he could
endure no more of it.
Come on" he said to his close chum,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-11

wear she had an ensemble made of
rubberized silk in a figured pattern.
There were trousers which she IS now
carrying over her arm. She has al
ready slipped into the long sleeveless
blouse with sash knotted st the side.
Nancy saw other outfits like Lois
made Of figured broadcloth. And stroll
ling up and down the beach were wom-
en- wearing pirates trousers. Some of
these were made of unbleached muslin
piped with the same brilliant color that
makes the sleeveless and backless tuck
in top.
There never was a Summer when
so many arms and backs we're visible.
Nancy wondered how folk would feel
about their sun tanned and rougllened
skins next Winter when they wanted
to wear formal clothes with an air.
Nancy herself had invested in some
overalls Of dotted percale. First she
had worn pajama suits. then came the
overalls. She swore she would never
get into the pirates beach suits, but
Peter swore just as vehemently he