Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-08-13
BACKGROUND OF EVENTS
BY PAUL Y. COLLINS.

well-mean1ng, extravaganza. and later
the national patriots rebelled against
the foreign control, and under 1Smails
successor. Khedive Tewfik, they rebelled
against the English and French in 1882,
the natives being led by Arab Pasha.
He was wholly defeated by the Eng
lish under Sir Garnet Wolseley. and
another outbreak later was met by Eng
lish forces under Gen. Charles George
Gordon (ChineSe Gordon, who was
killed.
All this led to the British establishing
themselves firmly in control under the
guise OF protecting their interests in
gained with the French for the latters
withdrawal 1904) and giving England
free hand. in consideration of Great
Britain'S giving France a free hand in
Morocco.
When the World War broke out,
Khedive AbbaS II plotted to throw of
the British yoke, and, in connivance
with Turkey, he sided with the Ger
man-Turkish plot. with the result that
Great Britain put an end to Turkish
Suzerainty and proclaimed Egypt q
British protectorate. That was before
the treaty Of Versailles, and apart from
the peace pact, ending the World War.
The Peace Conference of the Allies,
in arranging terms of settlement OF
the World War, refused to receive q
delegation of Egyptian Nationals, and
another outbreak for independence
was suppressed by British forces.
A British commission, headed by
that Egypt be recognized as independ-
ent. with certain reservations per
uniting Great Britain full control Of
the canal, and over Egypts foreign
relations, the protection Of n1inorities
and full control of the Sudan. This
purported protection" of Egypt against
foreign aggression, also protection Of
foreign investments in Egypt, but 1t
was to give home rule in all domestic
affairs. under King Fuad. All connec-
ton with Turkey had been severed as
result of the World War. This
settlement was signed by King Fuad
and Great Britain in 1928.
Again nationalism became rampant,
in disputes regarding the Sudan, and
the Nationalist gained the majority
in Parliament. An outbreak resulted
in 1924, against both the British and
the government under King Fuad, who
was charged with being subservient
to the British. In that outbreak both
British and loyal Egyptian armies.
were asSasSinated.
The killing of the British Maj. Gen.
Sir Lee o. F.. Stack, led to demand
from Great Britain that Egypt wholly
withdrew from the Sudan, and with
suitable punishment for all disturbers
Of the peace against British rule and
the payment of fSoo, 600 penalty 81
5o0,000). This ultimatum led to the
downfall of the Nationalist premier,
Zaglul Pasha, who refused to accept
| it, but his successor Immediately &C.
cepted in full.
So, for the last four years, there
has been quiet in Egypt, but, two or
three years ago, 1t was announced
with flourish that Great Britain was
turning back independence to the
defense, etc. Now again We hear the
same assurance that imperial rule over
Egypt was to be relinquished-with the
reservation above outlined.
Two or three months ago, due to the
victory of the Labor party in England,
new cabinet was formed in London,
with Arthur Henderson as foreign Sec
rotary, and almost the first step he took
was to bring about a recall or reSigna-
ton Of Lord Lloyd as British high COM
missioner over Egypt. This cleared the
way to a new deal as to British rela-
JlOnS WIFI Egypt, WHICH Is WnaI SeCIc-
tary Henderson really intends. He will
have the support Of the Liberals, and
it Is reported that even the Conserva-
tives will accept the arrangement with
out opposition, recognizing that their
obstacles would be futile.
1t is reported that the same reServa-
| lions hitherto made will appear in the
new treaty-the full protection Of the
| Suez Canal by the British. also Of the
Sudan and all communications through
! Egypt to the Sudan, also British pro-
lection Of Egypts foreign relations.
OF course, the Importance of Brit
ish control over the canal highway TO
InGia is beyond dispute. Just what
other considerations are embodied in
the arrangement will not be made pub
lie until the matter is fully agreed to.
The hope of the right wing of the
British Conservatives that the Egyptian
Nationalist will reject the British terms
is said to be absolutely vain. The Ma
tionalists want full independence, but
will not hesitate to retire from the canal
and foreign relations for the sake Of
| freedom in home rule.
4 ss.s7 kr NJ,