Evening star., 1929-11-17
MUSSOL|N| HOLDS
D|CTATORS BEST
Says Personal Rule Better
Than Parliamentary Form for
Efficient Performance.
Continued From First Page)

Much CONSERVATION has been aroused
by what has been called the terrible
Specter" of the personal governments OF
Europe. And yet has any of these gov
ernments done so badly?
Nations Are Cited.
Turkey under Mustapha Kemal GER
tainly has made more progress than can
be boaStsd by any of the so-called
democracles since the war. The Turkish
leader is strong and benevolent, and is
directing the destiny of his people for
their own great good.
Spain has thriven more under the rule
of Gen Primo de Rivera than could be
hoped under the chaotic system which
prevailed before his time. Hungary is
advancing under Admiral Horthy and
showing great rehabilitating powers de-
spite unusual difficulties.
In fact, In all the countries of these
strong central authorities there is a
marked measure of progress and a
marked benefit such as to justify their
existence.
The value of one central authority In
time Of war has always been recognized.
1t is because the one central aim, name
ly, the winning of the war, can be con-
centrated upon in one central direction.
The war leaders success depends on his
ability to muster the Nations spiritual
and material forces and to use them SO
they may render the maximum fighting
power in order to strike the enemy a
deadly blow. There must be no waste,
no lost motiOn-all must result in the
nations peak efficiency, and this is only
possible with central directing force.
Powers Of President.
Many American statists have pointed
out TO me that while the United States
is acclaimed a great western democracy.
yet, In time Of national crises, the Presi-
dent of the United tSates, due to his ex-
an absolute dictator. And it is for this
reason, they say, that the United States
has won every war 1t has fought.
The business and financial worlds
are full of dictatefs. Why? 1t is be-
cause the owners of these businesses
have discovered that there cannot be
division Of authority nor division of re
sponsibility in the direction Of their
affairs.
We have but to cite the gigantic COM
binations of capital In the United States
work in business ] am sure that Mr.
Ford would never have succeeded in
producing for the world over $4,000, 900
motor cars had he not been master of
his giant organization, nor would the
various coal kings. steel kings and
kings have been able to achieve
their mighty powers without full au-
thority over and full responsibility in
their particular fields.
And can see how running a gov
ernment Is much like running q giant
business. We ought to run them as eff
f1ciently as possible, with as little cost
render a service that the nation needs
In adjusting and working out the rela-
tons between all the components parts,
that all may run smoothly and harmo-
niously. We ought to pay dividends in
making the nation happy and giving it
its measure of prosperity.
Authority Necessary.
If we are charged to do this, we
should have authority; We should not
be hindered by conniving and disgrun-
tied peumpns who think they can do
better, when we know they have shown
In many times gone by that they can
not, II we are to be responsible to our
upDple and our chiefs of state, there
must be corresponding authority. Full
responsibility carries with 1t full au-
tnority.
Authority should be commensurate
with responsibility, the one balancing
the other. We cannot exact RESPONSE
bility without granting freedom of ac-
ton to do the things expected. This
principle peTmeateS every branch OF our
government. Just as / am responsible
to the King and to the italian people,
so the ministers and underSecretaries OF
state are responsible to me, and on
down to the lowest employe OF the
state.
We visualize the government as a
huge working business organization OF
which the prime minister is the big
boss" The prime minister is responsible
for the low costs in taxes, smooth work
ing in a we'll ordered country, dividends
in the country'S prosperity and above all
for the nations honor and dignity, both
as whole and for each citizen. To
achieve this there is the interlocking Of
responsibility and authority from the
TOP of the organization to the bottom.
And 1t has worked. 1t works just as
we'll in government as it does in busi-
ness. The head of a business demands
results. He wants to see things done
that will be for the benefit OF the or
ganization. Excuses would be futile and
fine theories would be worthless unless
they produced.
Delays and POstpOnes.
A parliamentary government delays
and pOstpones, discusses and rejects,
obstrllcts and induces stoppage. 1t stalls
the engine. 1t puts the brake on when
the machine is tugging uphill. 1t makes
things harder and harder.
For wears the parliamentary gov
ernments discussed and postponed the
construction of a direct railway line
from Rome to Naples, a public improve
ment relatively modest yet recognized
by all as an urgent necessity. The Fas-
ciSt government built the line and had
it in operation in two years. That is
only one of score OF such examples.
Given the authority, minister can
go ahead and do things. 1t is not neces-
sary for him to stop his heavy work and
answer a lot of vain questions put to
him by politicians for publicity purposes.
Since we took Office we have restored
the finances, balanced the budget, re-
habilitated industry, increased the grain
yield, rebuilt the merchant marine and
constructed an array OF public improve
ments, the like of which, for immen-
sity of effert by a government, does not
exist anywhere else IN the world.
1t Is necessary for Italy to be thus
governed Italy is a poor country. lack
ing the basic natural resources neces-
sary in the modern steel age. Every bit
of energy and every ounce of material
must be saved and utilized to its last
possibility.
Much Talk; No Results.
The governments which preceded us
wasted In energy and failed to exploit
the available resources. Water-power
needed development and agriculture
was TO be brought to its fullest en-