davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22
Chemists Tracing Origin of Coal
Study Peat and Other Formations

To uncover fresh knowledge of the
origin Of coal, peat from bog in Mani
towoc County, Wis, known as Hawk
Island Swamp. is being studied by
scientists of the Federal Government.
The area is typical wooded swamp
formed by uneven deposits of gravel
after the retreat of the last Ice Age.
1T Is hoped to discover more def
nitely what plant substances con-
tributed to coal and what are now their
chemical and physical natures" says
paper prepared for the American Chem
ical Society by Reinharrt ThieSsen and
r. c. johnson, of, the Pittsburgh ex-
pertinent station Of the United States
Bureau Of Mines.
"A work of this kind includes the
study and consideration Of every COM
pound and product of all plants. The
chemistry of plant substances Is re-
markably well known. Only one chief
and important constituent, lignen, de-
fies solution. This is unfortunate, as
it is the most important contributor to
peat and coal.
THE study also involves the chemis-
try of decay, the action of fungi, bac-
terra, actinomyceS, burrowing insects
and other lower organisms. During the
last 10 years much has also been
learned of the chemistry of decay.
Much, however, Is yet TO be learned.
With these available data the compo-
sition of peat can in some measure be
postulated. yet many questions and
problems remain unanswered.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22

holiday driver crashed into US. There
were grindings Of brakes and terrific
jar.
HE'LL" said the taxi man, "In bet
he broke some of that china"
Gently, and then little more vigor-
ously, the taxi man shook the barrel.
There was no rattle of broken china.
Gingerly he ran his hand down among
the papers and excelsior. With a re-
lieved smile he looked up. Want to
see it?" he asked.
Yes, we wanted to see that china.
We wanted to believe in the goodness
of that plain man who had taken us
down one of the deserted streets to a
back door to load suspicious looking
barrel onto his taxicab.
It was a rough, oily hand that drew
forth a pink and white china saucer.
Its a wholesale house." he was ex-
planning. handles high-class stuff. The
sets that amt perfect and them that's
got some broken or lost, they sell awful
cheap to people who works for 'um and
folks with some pull" And then with
a toss of his head-"My friends got a
friend works in there. Sixty-four pieces
in this barrel. 1t amt a whole set as
sets go, but Lord, even with three kids
and company, 81 pieces Ia enough
china. I'm glad he got It,"
One day in New York we stumbled on
a man who had just come out OF jail
He came to us with the hang-dog look
story. Wrongly convicted on a techni-
cality-case in court 10 timeS-in a
State prison nine years. He had been
a player of gay music in a dance or
chestra. His clarinet and a saxophone
had beat out a happy sort Of rhythm
of life. Then came the crash. Arrest
conviction, Imprisonment with 1900
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22

terminated over there, certainly didn't
believe In superlatives.
Are Americans matter Of fact and
practical? Nowhere else in the world
have people invented such fantastic
masquerades Of stirring effect: the Ku
Klux Khan is only one example Of the
tnnumerable secret and mysterious
clubs and associations which a man
gets into from his college age on. We
might even write heavy volume about
THE United States, a Nervous Coun-
try despite the fact that every Ameri-
can tries to appear outwardly calm.
Even before the war made America
one Of the richest nations In the world,
every word over there breathed opti-
Is success, every
thing must be a success; the struggle
against an obstacle is only the first
step toward success. Yes, optimism Is
obvious in the United States; but, on
the other hand. Americans lack any
real understanding for a really pleas
ant sort of life.
1.-THE fanatic love of an American for
his home country and his disdain for
anything non-American, and especially
for old Europe. mingles, on the other
hand, with deep longing for the Old
World, and this longing Is satisfied by
o sort Of migration to Europe every
Summer-almost per cent of the en-
tire population of the United States 90
sightseeing on the European Continent
In the Summer"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22
"Americanism" Declared Term Misused
By Europeans Credited With Invention

tAmericanism' Is q word we Euro
peans use lot and which we often use
and interpret ILL.," writes Arthur Rundt
in the Vossiche zeitung. This word
'Americanism' is a European invention.
No American can tell you what 1t
means, except If he first asks Europeans
about its meaning.
I'VE call certain conceptions 'Ameri-
canism' because we believe the Amert-
cans have them most strongly OF all
nations-a cult for anything that Is
huge; sober, practical attitude In
life; a quiet calm which nothing can
stir; optimism, prudishneSS, a wonder
full ability to do business and even to
bluff, and, finally, a goodly portion Of
self-assurance, particularly concerning
the 48 States of the Union, which are
Gods own country
Are all these really characteristics
of the American?
"They picture the American rather
badly or, at least, only half way. The
American character Is sketched in its
complete form only If one adds Just
the opposite to all the above qualities.
do the Americans adore anything
that is huge? Are huge figures and
superlatives the idols of America?
Certainly. But, on the other hand, the
spirit of saving Is being preached as
the ideal of the nation, and the old
Puritans, whose spirit cannot be ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22

Spring is given credit for the re-
turn of courage and hope. Ac-
tually, think, the recovery
begins earlier. 1t has it's start
at Christmas time.
Shops are filled with Christ
mas goods. Trains run full and
trucks and drays are loaded
with THINGS TO BE GIVEN
AWAY. When men will not
buy for themselves even the very
essentials, they will buy for their
children under the Christmas
urge.
So business begins to grow
better at Christmas time, for
every Christmas purchase helps
to start the machinery of selling
and making into quicker motion.
at is more blessed to give than
to receive" said the Founder of
Christmas, and He uttered sound
political economy az we'll as great
religious truth.
Men misunderstood Him, and
abused Him, and crucified Him.
Children loved Him and basked
in His smile. II is fitting that
His day should be their day.
Theirs was the unquestioning
loyalty, and theirs was, and is,
the enduring wisdom.
Only when we have grown
very wise indeed do we come to
understand that life is faith, and
good cheer, and courage, and joy
IN the monent-the very stuff
out of which 10 fashioned the
soul Of each little child.
!, 1927
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22

cit is generally agreed that coal is
of plant origin and was formed in a
manner similar to that in which peat is
being formed today. A thorough study
of peat from its inception to the more
mature stages at its greatest depth be-
comes essential to the understanding
of the constitution of coal and its for
nation.
with this objective a study was UNI
dertaken of the transformation of plant
substances into peat and the compo-
sition OF a deposit in profile from top
to bottom with respect to its major
components, their nature, their changes
and their relations.
peat formation Is largely a problem
Of microbiology. The most important
changes and eliminations during the
Transformation Of plant substances into
peat occur while the plant substances
are still exposed to free access to air.
1T has now been satisfactorily proved
that bacteria exist In peat and are
functioning to all depths of the deposit.
A large number of innoculationS have
been made from the top to the bottom
Of several peat deposits and 1t Is rare
that cultures are not obtained.
These cultures are being propagated
on wood In the form of sawdust and
shavings, on cellulose and on other
plant materials contained In TASKS and
bottles with proper mineral culture So
lutions. They are still active after
seven to nineteen months. Available
nitrogen is essential for their ACTIVITIES"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22
A CHRISTMAS EDITORIAL
BY BRUCE BARTON.

I'm front Of a Fifth avenue
store saw a man and q
little girl.
Il Some object in the win
dow attracted her; she stopped
and pointed at it. The father
hesitated, obviously counting the
cost. She looked up eagerly into
his eyes, tugged at his hand, and
his hesitation vanished. To-
aether they crossed the sidewalk
and disappeared into the store.
I stood for a moment looking
after them, and thought:
There is human history in q
single scene. There is progress;
there is the foundation OF pros
perity; there is the assurance OF
better days.
"If the world were peopied
only with adults, it would quickly
staonate. Adults pause, and fear
and figure. The wants OF age
are few and quickly satisfied.
"ChiIdhood wants everything.
Childhood knows no hampering
fears, no lettering economies. 1t
tugs at our reluctant hands and,
to satisfy its cravings, we find
within ourselves greater eapaei-
ties for production and expendi-
ture than we had suspected"
No one seems to know the
reason, but il is q fact that q
majority of the financial upsets
IN America have come in the
Fall.
In October and November
there is gloom. The coming OF
(Copyri
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-12-22
BY MARK SULLIVAN.

w YE have with us again today,
AI as the saying is, for the
w t thO1sa ISn;It tin time s.t the old
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

SEN MOUR ST, 74-Tenement of { rooms All improvements. Inquire 4g7 Chestnut St or telephone 99l-M
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

STANLEY ST. 435-5 room tenement All modern improvements Inquire on premises or telephone 440S-J
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
BUSINESS SERVICE
Repairing

ALL KINDS watches and clocks repaired. All work guaranteed. Open to p. m.
 J. Benkowski, g Lafayette. Tel. 33sl. BEDDING; mattresses remade and made to order. Furniture upholstering. Hard . ware City Bedding Co. Tel. S725.
 LAWN mowers sharpened, repaired. We call for and deliver. Schultz Machine Works. 246 Rocky Hill Ave. Tel. 239-W.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
i REAL ESTATE FOR RENT
Apartments and Tenements

VANCE ST. 6O-6 rooms with sun par Tor first floor. Apply II. H. MiIko- MitZ. g77 Main St TeI. e969.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

A BIGGER. BETTER LOAN SERVICE for New Britain, owned and operated by
 bankers and business men.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Burial Lots, Monuments

JOHN F. MEEHAN Monumental Works Memorials. Main office cor Union and Clark Sts. Tel 2966-W or 349O. Bristol office, Thomas Cronin, Terryville Ave TeIephone 33S
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

LOST OR STOLEN a brown augora cat Reward if returned to 626 East Man Street.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

BATTERIES AND SERVICE
 BUDD AUTO PRODUCTS co. i76-ls6 ARCH ST. TEL S9S9
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
Florists

NEW BRITAIN MONUMENTAL WORKS, 123 Oak St. Monuments of all sizes and
 descriptions. Reasonable. Phone 2632-W.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

MONROE ST" 101, corner Arch. five room tenement. Garage if desired. In quire 455 Arch St. Phone 47SG-J SEXTON ST. l44-4 rooms, lst floor tenement. All improvements, Apply 2nd floor
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

BRING YOUR BATTERY IN or call 2905
 for special recharging service. E1- ide Battery Service. 96 Chestnut St.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

kENSlNGTON-4 rooms and bath for rent Reasonable. New house, Tele-
 phone 5l22-R
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

WIZ PAY iur highest prices for your old furniture. Also exchange for new. K. Jacobs. 22l East Man. Tel. l9SS.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

HART ST. 32-6 rooms, extra sleep Ing rooms Hot water heat All mod etn conNeniences with or without ga rage. Price right Tel. 4024-M.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
AUTOMOTIVE
Motorcycles and Bicycles
Service Stations-Rcpairing

USED BICYCLES. All rebuilt and in per- feet running condition. Bargain prices Economy Sport Shop. 10 Main St.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
Across the Street Herald Classified Ad Will Find
INANCIAL
Money Loaned

Money Loaned IS
 A Financial Service for the
 Individual Who Needs
 $500 ,or Less. When you need financial aid you want the same kind of treatment that business concerns receive from their banks-Friendly, Courteous and Confidential
 It is our purpose to furnish that type Of service 10 the individual. Our total charges on loans are J: e per month figured on unpaid amount of loan. which includes interest and repay ments can he made 10 suit your income over period of 20 months if desired.
 Call, write or phone
 G-j-99
 NASSAU FINANCE CORPORATION ROOM 5l0-LEONAED BLDG.
 30v MAIN STREET, A BIGGER, BETTER LOAN SERVICE for New Britain, owned and operated by
 bankers and business men
 Resources over s1,0O0. Oo0oo Mutual Industrial Service Inc. has opened an plfice to serve the small busi- ness men and individuals.
 financial service without an equal. Loans from so to $500 Fepayments as small as q weekly on l SEQ or $500 monthly. with interest at ! 3is 70 per month on the unpaid balance. COURTEOUS. FRIENDLY. FAIR. l CONFIDENTIAL. HELPFUL SERVICE A trained staff to advise you free and | help you solve your problems,
 MUTUAL INDUSTRIAL SERVICE Ill Main St. over Ashley s-Phone 1771 | Call. write or phone
 Open SEQ to 500 P, M daily
 Saturday all day UuN P. NJ.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

MAIN ST. 37l-4 and room steam heated apartments Roth in first class condition. Inquire Henry Morans and Sons Music Store.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

BATTERY SERVICE-Auto electricians
 Nuicanizng. Rudy's Battery Service.
 ls6 Eastman St. Call 70s. Make our battery station your battery station"
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
Summer Places for Sale
Suburban For Sale

ATLALONE bungalow, Southington Mountain Cuufnished); ! acres. Arte- sian well Estate sl,O00: S200 down. sl5 month. Tel. 2l34-J. PLAINVILLE--Large list of single and two family homes to choose from. The John Cooke Co, 21 Whiting St. Plain vile. Phone 36G-3.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

STRATFORD ROAD. l52--6 room apart plent, family house. Fireplace. Avail Able July 5. Telenhone G16n-M
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

GREENWOOD ST. l65-4 rooms on lst floor, An modern Improvements h. qure on the 2nd floor
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

STANLEY ST. 4l7-5 rooms on 1st
 floor. All modern Improvements Rent reasonable. Inquire on 2nd floor
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

GROVE llilIe S0--SiN room. second floor heated apartment with garage. Kent reasomahIe. TeIephone 2n
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

STANLEY ST. GS6--five room tenement. all improvements. Steam heat. s55
 Aaron Danelson & Co.,, 13i Main street
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

HART ST, Sj-Five room tenement. All improvements. Garage If desired. h. qutre second floor.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

ARCH ST. BODY & RADIATOR WORKS,
 S. Wolf prop. Auto radiators. body
 lenders repaired. 107 Arch. Tel. 17Os.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
MERCHANDISE
Household Articles

ICE BON, chairs. dishes. brass bed and springs chicken wire. cultiyator and il straw cutter Very cheap. Apply a02 Stanley St.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

AUTO TOPS AND SIDE CURTAINS made and repaired. Rumble seat tops, Closed car tops a speciality. Johns Auto Top Shop. 103 West Main St. Tel. l494.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

 STANLEY ST. l51--6 loom bungalow, all modern, steam heat. Rent reasonable. Telephone 1891 ..a
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

1 HARRISON ST. 6,-6 room tenement. All hardwood finish. Modern improve ments. Inquire first floor
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

GhAbIOLA ST. 29-F'our rooms on 2ud floor. All modern Improvements. Rent SEQ Apply same address.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11
EDUCATIONAL
Dancing Teachers

EMERSON Studio. 162 Main St.-Lessons any time by appointment. Ballroom or stage. Telephone l436-W or 6l3.
New Britain herald., 1929-07-11

MAIN ST, BlS-5 room apartment. All modern improvements, steam heat. ln- quire ]. Berllowitz. Phone 1346 or 22GG
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05
RADIO PROGRAM
CENSORSHIP HIT
President of BroadcasterS'
Association ASsaiIS
Proposal.
~ the Associated Press.

6y the Associated FreSS.
CHICAGO, June 5.-Proposed CEN
sorship of radio broadcasting and leg
islation to make broadcaSting stations
common carriers was denounced yester-
day b. William S. Hedges of Chicago,
president of the National Association
OF BrCadcasters.
Speaking at meeting in conjunction
with the annual trade show OF the
Radio Manufacturers Association, Mr.
Hedges said Government censorship
would constitute the greatest evil that
could befall the industry.
"Pettifogging officials and others de-
string to keep the truth from the pub
lie would find censorship OF radio
convenient means of not only pulling
the wool over the eyeS-rather ears
of the public, but also in injecting their
own ideas into the minds Of a radio
audience" he said
There should be as great freedom
of the ether as there is OF the press.
Establishing broadcasting stations
as common carriers would compel the
stations to accept on equal terms mes
sages of every person desiring to broad
cast, and would fill the air with a mis-
cellany of audible junk no one would
listen to and would bring about the
speedy collapse of the radio industry"
A. J. Carter, Chicago dealer and tele-
vision pioneer, said interest In television
IS fading because no practical appli-
cation of the process is yet in sight.
On the other hand, Carter said, there
has been considerable advance in ra-
diovision practically, adding that only
the Radio ComrS ission's frequent
changes in assigning frequencies has
delayed the marketing of television
outfits
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05
Galloway to Address Alumni.

Assistant Attorney General Herman
J. Galloway will address the annual
meeting of the Howard University Law
School Alumni at Z o'clock tomorrow
night in EvartS Hall Mr.. Galloway
will be introduced by Judge william
Booth of the United States Court of
Claims, who is dean of the Howard
Law School
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05
RECESS FOR SUMMER.
Reserve Officers Association Plan
ming for Outing.

The Reserve officers Association, De-
partment Of the District of Columbia,
has recessed until September The ma
jority of the members of the associa-
ton are preparing to leave for duty In
the military training camps throughout
the country.
Reserve officers desiring to partici-
pate in a weekend outing to be held
at Piney Point. Md, are requested to
communicate with Lieut.. Charles Rie-
mer, secretary Metropolitan Bank build
ing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05
Sale! $22.5O Glider Hammocks a
ca.

What luxury to stretch out on
one of these comfortable glider ham,
mockS on hot Summer day! Each
hammock comes with a we'll filled
tufted mattress, strong national link
springs, galvanized chain supports on
the side, wide arm rest, and collap-
sible steel frame. And they are COW
cred with heavy striped duck. A real
bargain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05
Heavy Craft-Wove
Grass Rugs
$500
REGULARLY $8.05
Regularly 1895

tractive stenciled designs that will add
brightness and charm to the Summer
home. Choice of the 9x12 and 8x10 IT.
sizes at this price.
Kann's-Third Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05

Army Cots with Pads
$6.49
Good strong cots, each complete with a
comfortable pad. Just the things to take
to the seaside cottage, or to use on sleeping
porches. Splendid value.
Kann's-Third Floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05

Don't let your baby starve
for sunshine. Doctors say that
many thousands of babies are
so wrapped in clothing that
the suns health rays can't
possibly get at little bodies to
make them strong. Foe sum
shine cures and prevents many
diseases, makes firm, straight
bones and sturdy bodies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05

Bright colored necklaces of
Galalith to wear with sports cos
tumes-and dainty necklaces of
artificial pearl and crystal bead
combinations to wear with after
noon and evening costumes. All
charming new styles, and far less
expensive than you might expect
for so much smartness and
beauty.
Kann's-Street Floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-05

Our new Club Plan makes 1t
so easy to have a set Of
genuine 1e47 Rogers Bros.
Silver Plate that no one need
be without a set any longer.
All you have to do is to pay
a small amount down, accord
ing to your purchase. and then
pay a small amount monthly.
Kann's-Street and Third
Floors.
The Washington times., 1929-07-30
TRAINEES IKE
x. I. +" JOBS

FORT MONROE, Va, July 30.
Kitchen policethe confounded old
TX. p" that used to be such bore
is popular with the $50 boys from
Pennsylvania, Maryland. Virginia
and the District of Columbia seek
ing Coast Artillery commissions in
the citizens training camp here.
They consider it rather relief from
routine duty. instead Of punishment.
Meat is chopped by large electric
machines and electric potato peelers
have killed former tedious hours.
It's q Joy now to peel spuds'' for
dinner,
Every litchen process Is being
modernized by the military authori-
ties when replacement OF worn-out
equipment becomes necessary. The
Army mess hall resembles an ultra
modern kitchen with its electric ap-
pliances against waste OF food and
unnecessary manual labor.
Maj. Gen. Fred B. Sladen, COM
mander OF the Third Corps Area,
visited the camp here today. He
was accompanied by Col. Robert s.
Knox, training camp officer OF the
Third Co Area. General Slsde
exr ressed himself as well satisfied
with the barracks and mess halI.
Following a brief tour OF the post,
the visiting party viewed the candi-
date battalion on parade.
The Washington times., 1929-07-30
BUREAU PLANS
ROAD SAVER

Experiments. which IL successful
VIII mean the saving Of approx
mately $1,000 a mile for each mile
OF concrete highway laid. are being
conducted by. the Bureau Of Public
Roads, Department OF Agriculture.
at the Arlington Experimental
Farms.
The experiments and tests are be-
ing conducted with blocks OF. con-
crete feet square and Z inches
thick. Each block is mixed with
varying quantities of water, sand
and gravel or crushed stone.
AT the present time, roads are con.
structed OF concrete containing one
part concrete, two parts sand and
three and one-half parts crushed
stone or gravel The experiments
are intended to develop q satisfac-
tory paving that will contain four
and one-half parts stone or gravel.
such a mixture, the bureau experts
believe, will amount to a saving Of
approximately $1,000 a mile in the
construction OF concrHfE roads,