davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Wedding "Gifts" Once
Held Legal Oblig alton

By a wedding custom common In
the British isles until the early part
of the Nineteenth century, the
couple sent out invitations in which
presents were solicited from those
who accepted the bidding. More
strange. these solicited gifts were
regarded in the light of debts to be
paid back by the couple. On the
eve of the wedding the groom re.
ceived at his house presents OF
money, cheese, butter and cattle
from his friends. and the bride re-
ceived similar gifts at her house
from her friends. An account of
each gift and the giver was kept
in writing by the clerk of the we'd
ding and the presents then became
debts, which in some cases were
transferable or assignable to other
persons. In other words these wed
ding gift-debts were repayable upon
demand at any time, and upon re-
fusal, recoverable at law.
It was in Scotland, however,
where a wedding became a real
business event. At their penny
weddings" of the last century the
expense of the marriage was de-
frayed not by the couple or their
friends, but by the guests all of
whom paid sOmething-or stayed
away.-Detroit News.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Some Original Ideas
of American Builders

/ While siding and single exterior
coverings for homes did not strictly
originate in this country, being
: largely notifications of existing
methods brought over by the early
settler-artisans, the availability OF
4: the materials and suitability to ma.
tive architecture give houses
sheathed in siding or shingles dis.
tinctly American flavor.
Houses covered with rough hewn
siding boards or clapboards, and
crudely split shakes, or shingles, di.
rectly succeeded the first log cabins
of the early colonists in this coun-
try. These materials have been re-
fined by improved methods of man
ufacture into types which are in
dividually appropriate to the vari-
atoms of modern colonial architec-
ture and to the architecture OF
other countries in American adapta-
lions.
Cedar and pine and other durable
native woods are used in modern
manufacture of shingles and siding.
which are frequently stained to en-
nance their appearance and resist
ance to weather. Wood siding and
shingles have integral insulating
value in themselves, increasing COM
fort and fuel economy in the win
ter and keeping the house cool in
summer.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Eczema is Not Hereditary
Cause is Entirely Local
Face Powders and Cosmetics, Wool
Clothing, Cold Winters
Cause

st. Paul, Mimi, Feb. Sim
pie Invitations are the cause of the
distressing skin diseases. When
the source is removed, the infec-
ton in many cases disappears.
Five common irritations of the
skin were listed in the bulletin of
the Health Committee of the Min.
nesota State Medical Association is
sued today. They are so common
that few would adjudge them sour
ces of trouble.
Eczema may be caused by irri-
tating wooden garments.
Some face powders and cosmet-
les may be the cause.
Fur collars and scarfs often pro-
duce eczema of the neck.
Cold wind is not an infrequent
cause of skin inflammation.
Eczema, also called saltrheum
or letter." said the health COM
mittee bulletin" is one of the
most common affections of the skin,
comprising 80 to 25 per cent of all
cases of skin diseases. 1t is an
acute Inflammation which at some
time during it's Course pours forth
a secretion, blood serum. A char
acteristic of this serum is that up
on drying it produces a stiffening
of linen. -.
''There is no Inheritance of the
condition, although a predisposi-
ton to the disease may be trans
mitted; neither is it contagious.
Persons with a thin dry skin are
more prone to have it than those
whose skin is normal. No age of
life and neither sex is exempt"
"The causes of this malady may
be divided into two general groups,
external and internal. Of the ex-
ternal factors the most important
are chemical irritants such as high
ly alkaline soaps, hard water, wash
ing powders, dilute acids, varnish
removers, some face powders and
cosmetics, dyes and dye stuffs, tur,
pentine and mustard. Exposure to
extreme cold, especially cold winds
is a not infrequent cause. Irrita.
ton about the neck is very otter
produced by fur collars and scarfs
"Woolen undergarments may SET
up an irritation which in itself car
lead to eczema. So if you are al
ready a sufferer do not wear WOO
next to the skin; cotton is the ma.
terial of choice, not silk.
'There is group of eczemas
known as trade eczemas. They are
really due to contact with a chem,
ical irritant of one sort or another
and always have their start or
some exposed body surface. Abou,
the internal causes of the, affection
not much can be stated because Of
their complexity. All sorts of food
stuffs have been adjudged guilty
also collections of pus in any part
of the body such as in the tonsils
teeth, gall bladder and nasal sin
uses. 49,.
"Infantile eczema also has a va
riety of melting causes. Among
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
No Food, No Bride

It is the custom at a Persian we'd
ding that the groom first sees his
bride in a mirror and then, having
glanced at her face, returns to eat
sweets and regale himself with his
friends.
Mullah Nasr ed Din was mar
ried, beheld his bride in the mirror,
returned to the guest chamber and
discovered to his horror that the
guests had eaten all the refresh
ments. He went out from the room
in disgust and was caught as he
was leaving the house by q back
door.
Upon being asked why under
heaven he was departing from his
own wedding, he said: swell, I'm
going. The guests have eaten all
the food. They may have the
bride."-R. G. Hutchinson in Asia
Magazine.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Pleasures of Table
Dear to German Heart

With the possible exception OF
Chile, Argentina and Brazil, individ-
ual food consumption is greater in
Germany than in any other coun-
try.
The Teuton is not content with
one breakfast but must have a Sec
ond one, usually about eleven
o'clock. This is INDUCED in by
everybody from street cleaner to
banker. ! have had conversations
with outstanding financial and in
dustrial figures interrupted at the
sacred hour of the second break
fast by the arrival of waiter with
a tray of sandwiches or fruit.
Apparently the Germans never
stop eating, which explains, per-
haps. why there are so many Ger
man walters. When they are not
hard at food they are drinking cof-
fee in the innumerable cafes.
If you look inside the leather
brief case that nearly every Ger
man of high or low degree carries
you will find that it's principal con.
tent is bundle of sausage sand
wiches.-Isaac f. Marcosson in the
Saturday Evening Post.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Battlefield Gives Up
Secrets of the Past

There are certain kinds of armOr
which we read about but have never
seen because up till now no exam
pies were to be found in museums.
Recently, however, many specimens
have been found in two great pits
outside the old city of Visby in the
island of GOtland.
In 1881 Gotland was invaded by
King Valdemar at the head CT Il
powerful Danish army, and des-
perate battle was fought before
Visby. The valiant defense OF the
Gotlanders was all in vain, and
Vlademar marched into the capital
leaving nearly 1000 friends and
foes dead on the field. They were
buried hurriedly, with weapons still
in the wounds, in two great graves
which have not been disturbed for
five and a half centuries.
Recently Swedish archeologist
has been excavating the pits, with
their treasure of medieval armOr
and their poor bones marked by
axes and arrows. The Swedish and
Danish governments will erect a
monument where so many men died
CALAMITY because Valdemar wanted
to plumber Gotland.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Immortal Musician

Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendels-
-Bartholdy was the full name
Of the great composer. He was
born at Hamburg, Germany, Feb
ruary 3, 1909, and died at Leipzig,
November 4, 1S47. He was the son
of Abraham Mendelssohn, a banker,
and the grandson of Moses Men,
delssohn, the philosopher. Although
he was born Jew. he was baptized
and brought up as Protestant
Christian, and was given the name
Bartholdy. MendelssOhn Is In
Guided among the great composers.
He was an eminent conductor, a
pianist of the highest rank, and a
finished Organist.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
One Hundred from State
to See Inauguration
Special Train Leaves Twin Cities
for Washington Friday Over
500 Line

Minneapolis, Feb. 27.-Last
minute reservations for the Gopher
Special, Minnesota's official train
to Washington for the Inaugural
ton, have increased the number of
Minnesotans who will attend the
ceremony to about 100, Mrs. Man
ley L. Fossen, Republican national
committeewoman and manager of
arrangements for the train, said
Tuesday. The special will leave
Minneapolis Friday at 1890 P. M,
on the 500 Lille, tie up in Chicago
the next day and pull out at P.
M, Saturday for Washington, ov-
er the Pennsylvania. 1t will reach
the capital at P. NJ. Sunday.
A reception at the Willard no
tel has been arranged for the Min
rcsota delegation by the Minneso-
ia Society of Washington, for
Tuesday evening, March 5. All the
Minnesota people at Washington
will attend the program, which the
organization of 1900 members has
planned as the chief event of it's
1928-29 season, according to Mrs.
Fossen.
Headquarters for the Minnesota
group has been reserved at Hotel
Powhatan, two blocks from the
White House. On Sunday evening
the delegation will attend dinner at
the Willard, with prominent Mime
sofa residents of the capital as spe-
cial guests. Among the latter will
be Secretary of State and Mrs.
Frank B. Kellogg, Justice and Mrs.
Pierce Butler, Solicitor General and
Mrs. William D. Mitchell, Mr.. and
Mrs. Carl T. Schuneman and Mr..
and Mrs. George E. Akerson.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
What Use Are Clocks
That Strike at Night?

To all those who are victims of
insomnia, the distress caused by
the striking and Ginning of clocks
(and especially those which occur
every quarter of an hour) is we'll
nigh unbearable and is calculated
to postpone Indefinitely the chance
of recovery, a writer in the Kan.
sas City Star asserts. The vicar of
large church known to me. which
had loud Ginning clock, the
chimes occurring every quarter of
an hour, has been recently obliged.
in difference to the strongly ex-
pressed wishes of those having the
misfortune to live in the vicinity.
TO have the chimes entirely taken
off during the night hours. What
Is the use, or the supposed use, OF
a striking clock at night? ] fail
to see one single use for It. 1t
ought to be as obsolete as the old
Waterman of bygone days, who's.
duty it was to call out each hour
and the state of the weather. Those
clocks having mechanism Z con.
trolling the striking movements
which is not capable Of being
switched of for the. night hours
should have their striking mechan.
ism "scrapped."
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28

such at the funeral of her little
grandson, Merton Clutches, Jr., only
a few weeks ago. Mrs. Clutches was
the kind of a neighbor who was al
ways on hand in time of sickness
and her ministrations over the half
century of her life in Reynolds, es-
pecially the early years when the
country was new and nurses few
and far between, came to be sour
ces of comfort in many homes.
There are many who remember her
for her kind neighborliness. Her
death takes another of the early
pioneers of our county.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Chicago's Liberty Bell

The Columbian Liberty bell was
cast at the foundry of the Meneely
Bell company, Troy, N. Y. in 1893,
and weighed $4,000 pounds, the d.
ameter at its mouth being SS inches
and its height Is inches. 1t was
a duplicate of the new Liberty bell
that was placed in the tower of In
dependence hall, Philadelphia, in
1876, and was cast from the same
molds. Each thousand pounds rep
resented one of the thirteen original
states. The exact cost of the bell
is unknown, the records no longer
being available. The bell was bought
by a committee representing pa
triotic societies of which the late w.
o. Mcdowell Of Newark, N. j, was
chairman. At the conclusion of the
Chicago Worlds fair the bell, was
exhibited in various cities through
out the United States. ~..,.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Mrs. Chas. Clutches, Pioneer
Todd Co. Resident Dead
Sussumbs to Paralytic Stroke Suf-
fered Feb. 1S-Was Sixty
Eight Years Old.

Long Prairie Leader:
Mrs. Chas. Clutches, of Reynolds,
died very suddenly at her home
Monday morning, February 10. Her
death was due to a paralytic stroke.
She arose that morning as US
ual and was doing her work about
the house when suddenly she had
what she thought was a dizzy spell.
This occurred about eight o'clock
in the morning. Mr.. Clutches and
others who were present assisted
her and for short time her trouble
seemed to be just a passing illness.
However, it soon appeared that
her condition was serious and that
she had suffered stroke of par
alysis. A physician was hurriedly
summoned but she died before the
doctor arrived. Her husband and
her son, Merton, and her daughter,
Mrs. John Hanes, together with
number Of the neighbors were pre-
sent when she died.
The funeral is to be held this af-
ternoon from the family home at
80 o'clock. Rev. James "A. Geer,
of the Methodist church. will Off
ciate and interment will be in
Evergreen cemetery.
Mrs. Clutches was Miss Josephine
O'Connor and she was born in Indi-
ana, August %, 1859. When little
girl she accompanied her parents
to Hastings, Minnesota. There she
grew up and later moved to Sank
Centre. In 1877 or 70 she taught
school in District No. Is, town of
Reynolds, in the community now
known as Clutches Grove. She was
one of the first teachers to teach
in that township. On February IL,
1879. she was married to Charles
E. Guches and they have contin-
ued to make their home at Clutches
Grove ever since In our last issue
we had an item to the effect that
Mr.. and Mrs. Clutches had cele-
brated their golden wedding ami.
versary on Tuesday and we ex.
pressed the hope that they might
live to enjoy many other annivers-
aries. Mrs. Clutches seemed to be in
the best of health so that her sud
den death came without warning
and was great shock to her fam
lily and friends.
She is survived by her husband
and the following children: Merton
E. Clutches, who is county commits
sioner from the 9Th district; Mrs
B. w. Mattison. who lives in Flor
ida; Mrs. John Hanes, of Reynolds
"A daughter, Mary, died in infancy
She is also survived by her sister
Mrs. VIM. Homm, of Wlatford City
North Dakota, and a half sister
Mrs. Minnie Hines, of Seattle
Washington.
Her funeral this afternoon vii
be attended by old neighbors ant
friends from far and near. TIL,
pallbearers will be Clifford Mart
inson, Arthur Hanes, Edward
Brooks and Emil Peterson, thu
same .pallbearers who officiated a
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Pompeii's Tragic Hour
Draped City in Gray

Perhaps it is natural that nearly
every tourist who visits the Roman
remains which have been dug out
of Pompeii, dreams of seeing Pom
peiian Red" in all the glory OF orig
inal design and color, which mod
ern Pompeiian hotel balconies have
made popular all over the civilized
world. Except for chance Dit OF
ancient mosaic or frescoes on few
walls, the sight of the wonderful
carmine is so rare as to De
startling.
The prevailing color impression
of POmpeii is the lava gray which
old Vesuvius painted there at the
time of its destruction. This Is
the color which shades walls and
streets from the moment you en-.
ter the Marine gate, as you wan
der past the temples of Apollo and
JOve or even enter the house of
the Vettii. 1t is fittingly so. for
whatever our expectations may
have been, the tragedy of that aw-
full day needs gray draping more
than the artistic glory of brighter
hues.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Much Older

They had been up to town to see
the latest musical comedy, and
were discussing it's merits as they
were travelling homewards on the
train. :
IT think / liked the bad man best
Of ALL" declared the girl. "He was
so very natural in everything-and
oh, what lovely hair--so black and
curly!"
The young man beside her cursed
inwardly. He was very fair.
"What did you think of the big
chorus of twenty-two?" he ven
tured, to change the subject.
"They were more than that" de-
clared the girl decisively. "There
wasn't one under thirty, in my opin
ion."-London Answers.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Financial Condition of
the Farmer is Improving
Federal Loan Payments and Taxes
on Lands Being Paid More
Promptly

st. Paul, Feb. 27.-'The imam
cial position of farmers in Min
nesota, Wisconsin, North Dakota
and Michigan as reflected by their
payment of installments upon their
loans when due and more prompt
payment of state and local taxes
improved materially, according to
the records of the many borrowers
from the Federal Land Bank of
St. Paul." said its president, Fred
H. Klawon, here today. "Delin-
quency in amortization installment
payments decreased 9 per cent COM
pared with the previous year, and
the amount of taxes which the
bank had to advance decreased 81
per cent.
"Sale of farms acquired by the
bank and the local National Farm
Loan Association has proved more
gratifying. During the year farms
and sheriff's certificates amounting
to 800 were sold for 81, 25O,178, or
at an average of $4,217 each. TAX
ing into consideration interest and
expense involved, the loss on these
farms amounted to S181, 346 or an
average of 1914. The number of
farms undergoing foreclosure at
the end of the year was 483, in
volving $2,37O,100.
During the year the bank, thru
the local National Farm Loan AS
ISOLATION and agencies, made 1886
new loans in an amount aggregat-
ing $7,457,000, bringing the total
amount of loans in force to $685.
551,023. This represents loans to
35,2S2 farmers in the four states,
of which 9,281 are in North Da-
kota; 1868 in Minnesota, 1851 in
Wisconsin and 10,087 in Michigan.
"Sales of farm land during 1928
in the majority of cases were made
to farmers living in the immediate
vicinity of the farms sold. With
the favorable terms and low prices
at which lands are being offered,
there is real opportunity for
everyone who wishes to own and
operate a farm. Farm lands under
these conditions, in the hands of
the right kind of farmer with ade-
quate equipment and facilities,
can be made to produce very sat
isfactory income, and with the add
ed interest that has been shown in
, the past year, it is going to be only
a comparatively short time until
these bargains in farm homes are
/ all taken off the market. =.
despite the extra work incident
to the sale of farms the banks net
operating profit Increased even af-
ter deducting heavy losses and
charge-offs. Again the 594 farms
upon its books, carried at a valua-
tion of $2,287,419, a reserve of
$1,294,820 is set up out of undi-
vided profits, and 119 of these
farms are already sold under con-
tract, the proceeds from which will
increase the undivided profits &C
count.
"Ry taking advantage of the
low interest rates in June the bank
has been able, and still is, lending
at 5 per cent interest, as low a
rate as it has been able to make
in the entire twelve years in which
! it has been serving the farmers of
! the district"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Compromise

A village bachelor, who had long
been the object of spinster's ambi-
lions, finally succumbed to the
charms Of a very willing widow
but on his wedding morning he
failed to turn up.
The next day he called at his
bride-to-be's house, looking rather
sheepish.
sack, DEAR" screamed the widow,
who was well-nigh frantic with
anxiety, "why didn't you come for
me yesterday at noon?''
"Well," drawled the bachelor
slowly, 81 intended to, but it looked
too much like rain to me"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Hoover Finishes
Inaugural Speech
CONTINUED From Page One,

raj address to illumine the course
along which he would lead his
countrymen in his tenure of Of
fee.
The Hoover program of public
works calls for an expediture OF
billion dollars in the next four
years. From the viewpoint of the
Hoover craftsmanship, the nation
can well afford to make this in
vestment, for he envisages a re-
turn therefrom of many billions OF
dollars in the case of waterways,
waterpower and roads alone.
Likewise, he does not shrink
from the expenditure of several
hundred of millions on the relief
of agriculture, which he believes
will be returned many fold in the
increased profits that capital and
labor will gain from the increased
consuming power of more prosper
Gus farmers.
But although in his inaugural ad-
dress Mr.. Hoover lifts the curtain
on spending era, he will point
the way to economies outrivalling
those of Calvin Coolidge. The
Hoover economies, like the Hoover
spendingS, are conceived on the
scale of grandeur characteristic of
the ideas of the engineer of vast
undertakings. Mr.. Hoover's pro-
gram proposes the elimination of
waste in the processes of govern
ment to an extent that will save
the taxpayers more than will be
expended on waterways, farm re-
lief and other projects put togeth-
er.
Mr.. Hoover is bent upon radi-
cal reorganization of the federal
government on scientific lines of
Redistribution of functions, elimi-
nation of overlapping and eventual
reduction of personnel, the saving
from which has been estimated at
as much as $5O0,O00,000 year.
A glimpse of the working of the
Hoover mind on this problem is
afforded by the following para
graph of one of his utterances when
he was secretary of commerce.
"The multiplication and scatter
ing of the agencies which are sup
posed to attend to different aspects
of the same problem, or to further
the same major purpose, impose a
heavy burden upon those who have
dealings with the government. This
costs somebody money. A bureau
or function may be conducted eco
nomically enough so far as person
mel and pencils are concerned, and
without friction with its neighbors
and yet owing to the unnecessary
completely of the laws or regula-
tions which it administers and the
demands it makes upon the citizen,
it imposes much needless expense
upon the public"
The inaugural address will de-
velop the Hoover approach not
only to these and other economic
questions but to the problem of
prohibition, national defense and
armament limitation, to foreign re-
lations and many other affairs OF
state.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
True Wife a Servant

A true wife in her husbands
house is his servant; it is in his
heart that she is queen. Whatever.
of best he can conceive, it is her
part to be; whatever of highest he
can hope, it is hers to promise
all that is dark in him she must,
purge into purity; all that is fail
ing in him she must strengthen
into truth; from her, through all
the worlds clamor, he must win his
praise; in her, through all the
worlds warfare, he must find his
peace.-Ruskin.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1929-02-28
Airs Temperature

The temperature Of the air at a
given place depends not only on
the sunshine it is then getting but
also on it's own recent history. Wind
from the south on cloudy day may
be as warm as wind from the north
on a sunshiny day. This is particu-
larry true when, as often happens.
these winds have come long way.
Furthermore, when it is warm, hui
mid air feels warmer than dry
air at the same temperature
Washington Star.