davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
Steering Wheel Target of Caustic Attacks
In Early Days of ''F1orseless Carriage

DETROIT R.-Early prejudices
against the "horseless" carriage were
ahmed not only at the vehicle as a
whole but also at its various units. One
part that came in for caustic criticism
in the early days was the innovation OF
steering wheel in the place Of the
''tiller."
''That foreign freak the wheel" was
one comment. It was asserted that the
wheel was inconvenient and complicated
and could not compare with the tiller.
Lacking today's modernity In
"knuckleS." "ball bearings" and other
labor absorbing devices, the wheel OF
1900 may have merited some Of the
criticism. Standing straight up from
the floor board, it required some EFFORT
to swing the front wheels In the desired
direction.
Interesting Contrast.
Some Of the skepticism as to the
future of the automobile industry that
was heard freely in its early days also
may have had some basis in view Of the
standard equipment" that made up the
1900 model car. The specifications OF
the 1900 vehicle present an interesting
contrast to the sleek-appearing models
| shown ct the 1929 automobile shows.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

Where today approximately 90 per
cent Of the automobiles produced are Of
the closed body type, most Of those Of
1900 had not even top; those that did
boosted only canopy. The fender OF
today was 'mudguard" in 1900, and 1t
consisted of q metal frame with O
patent leather sewed on.
There were no windshields; goggles
were suggested. Lamps we're Of the
kerosene variety or carbide, with gas
and water tank o part Of the lamp.
Only electric vehicles boosted electric
lights.
Cars Were Chain Driven.
The torque tube, universal joint, diff
ferential and worm drives were things
Of the future. Virtually all Of the cars
were chain driven, and the power
plants, as a rule, were located inside
the body and under the front or rear
seat.
The bare chassis of the present day
automobile show found no parallel In
the earliest Of the public displays Of the
motor industry's output. Where today's
average citizen Is invited to ask all the
questions he can think of. too much
curiosity was frowned upon ct some Of
the first shows. One Of the earliest
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
CHROMIUM PLATING
is WELL DEVELOPED
Facts Regarding It's Use Are Given
by Society Of Automotive
Engineers.

Chromium has been plated by differ
ent experimenters since the middle OF
the last century, but 1t was not until
after the work Of II. r. Carveth, B. =
Curry and q. j. Sargent that the SUBJ
ject assumed commercial Importance,
says the Standards Department Of the
Society Of Automotive Engineers.
Chromium Is used both for appearance
and prevention of corrosion and for re-
sistance to wear. It forms O. tarnish-
resisting coating over other metals OF
plates, such rs copper or nickel. In
general, thin films Of chromium are
copper should each be at least 100000
Of an inch thick, in which case three
to five minute plate Of chromium Il
sufficient.
The piece to be plated, whether steel
nickel-plated steel, copper or brass, Is
generally cleaned first In an alkali
cleaner with or without the use Of cleo
trio current. It is then rinsed In water
dipped in hydrochloric acid, rinsed again
and Immediately placed In the chro-
MUM bath while still wet If q polished
chromium surface Is required, the ar
ticle should be polished and buffed be-
fore cleaning. Sometimes other meth
DDS of cleaning are used.
When plating chromium over nickel
deposit some trouble may be experienced
due to the nickel peeiing. This is best
overcome by plating heavy deposit OF
nickel from a hot solution. When plat
ing chromium over nickel, 1t Is neces-
sary to keep the hydrochloric acid dip
from becoming contemplated with cop
per, otherwise thin Aim Of copper will
form over the surface of the nickel and
the chromium will not adhere per-
! fectly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
SOUTH CAROLINA
VOTES FORROADs
Heavy Bond Issue win Help,
State Rid Itself of Mud
Menace.

Within four years South Carolina win
possess $4,000. 900 worth of new roads.
This speeding up Of the highway pro-
gram has been made possible through
thu recent adoption Of q bond issue for
that amount. according to =. Z. Dufy,
highway educational writer. s.7
Mud roads have been collecting an
ever-increasing toll from South Carolina
motorists, for the simple reason that
automobile usage has been expanding
at faster rate than the State has been
able to build all-season roads under the
pay-as-you-go plan, he points out. !.
Wholesale construction Of highways.
such Is permitted by bond. issue, pro-
vides economies and savings that other
pool the gasoline tax and vehicle license
fee income for the easy retirement Of
the bonds. The South Carolina gas
tax has just been increased from 5 to
6 cents. with cent reverting to coun-
ties. In effect, motorists will pay but
cent per gallon Of gas for bond issue
The benefits which wiz. accrue to
South Carolina are many. Economies
can be Effected through the letting Of
contracts for longer stretches Of pave
mentS-paVemenL That W0uid nave 70 pc
laid pieeemeal under the year-to-year
plan. Through routes win be completed
and populous communities viii be con-
nected. In this way the greatest num-
Der Of motorists win be served and car
operating expenses considerably reduced.
In the past the annual FAN and Spring
mud roads sessions have all but isolated
much Of South Carolina, and at an In
estimable cost. ''a ~
A casual survey Of extensive highway
improvement programs reveals that
where they have been adopted highway
usage increases at a much faster rate
than formerly. In 1928 the gas tax and
motor license receipts In South Carolina.
were 81 1858, 900. The total for 1929 viii
exceed $6,250000, 1t Is believed. The
bond issue roads, shortly after they are
completed, will doubtless give South
Carolina sl0,000,oo0 year highway
income. This increased income alone,
willingly paid by motorists anxious to
use the roads. more than answers the
argument that interest on road bonds
eats up too much of the highway fund.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
LAWS WILL NOT CUT
DEATHS, BOWEN SAYS
Self. Government Principle Is Seen
as Best Cure for Growing
Problem.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, March 30.--Laws will
never decrease the number Of deaths
and injuries caused by automobile acci-
dents, according to Clarence Bowen,
assistant superintendent of an automo-
bile insurance company.
|. The sense of personal responsibility
and proper consideration for the other
fellow will do more to reduce accidents
than all the laws that can be enacted,
he declared.
"It has been often stated as a pro-
found thought that man learns by ex-
rience. If man learned by experience,
is largely fallacy," said Mr.. Bowen.
The tragedy OF it all Is that man re-
peatS the same error and calls 1t expe-
then certainly the constantly mounting
number Of deaths through automobile
accidents would be arrested. What q
travesty on mans intelligence Is revealed
by an examination of these flguresl
1.-THE question of eliminating avoidable
automobile accidents Is one that in
wolves many complex factors. II we re-
duce these factors to common denom-
inator, the answer becomes compare
lively simple one. If there can be
aroused In each one of us q keen sense
of personal responsibility and consider
alton for the other fellow at all times,
the curve of deaths through automo-
biles will be O rapidly descending one
There are at work In this country
many groups of earnest men and women
and large numbers of safety councils, all
working toward the common goal of au-
| tomobile accident prevention. These
various groups are unquestionably doing
good work, and their influence Is felt
along many lines. We have no criticism
10 make of this work. What we do criti-
else, however, is the character of a large
part Of the litature on the subject Of
automobile accident prevention.
"In our judgment large amount Of
this literature attacks the problem from
the wrong angle There Is a constant
demand for laws and yet more laws
These laws treat only the symptoms Of
the disease and not the disease itself
One cannot be made righteous by legis-
lation, and neither can laws inculcatt
personal responsibility or consideration
of others.
eff deaths and injuries through auto
mobile accidents are reduced In ths
coming years, it win come about mo-
because OF laws, but because We vii
| have learned Theseus' lesson to thu
Athenians-'to be free and to govern
ourselves'-in all its implications"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
SPEED TEST BAN
URGED BY KEEFE
Circus Stunts Of Kind Result
in Tragedy, Says Motor
Association Official.

Automobile speed tests, conducted for
the sole purpose Of achieving great
overland speed, should not be permitted
In the future Thomas J. Keefc, general
manager Of the American Motorists
Association. declared in statement to-
day. "a.
the past have contributed some things
Of value to automotive science" Mr..
Kcefe stated. "but when they are pro-
NOTED as mere circus stunts, matching
human skill and endurance with the
precision and power Of machine, they
cease to be Of any value and must in
evitably result In tragedy.
IF such tests ever have value 1t lies
In the development Of new ideas which
viii aid in the manufacture Of better
and safer motor cars or In the con-
struction of better highways. The au-
tornot.ve and allied industries, being
the chief beneficiaries Of such tests,
therefore, should conduct them and
there Is no doubt that when speed con-
tests are considered essential to further
improve motor cars and roads, those
engaged in such enterprises viii con-
duct them. with legitimate pur-
pose IN view and staged under such
standards as would then be imposed.
there could be no valid criticism OF
speed tests.
4 Nothing to Be Gained.
"Nothing can ever be gained by per-
mitting unskilled and inexperienced
drivers to push powerful but unwleldy
machines over course with the swift
ness of a bullet The racing business
is dangerous enough without adding to
Its hazards.
Machines, specially constructe9 IN
accordance with accepted engine stano-
ards and body design, might stand the
essential that such machines should be
i'm the control of drivers trained by ex-
perience for such trials" e*-
All motordom regrets the death o.
Lee Bible several days ago and that OF
Frank Lockhart year ago at Daytons
Beach, Fla. Mr.. Keefe said.
ssIt was Bibles ambition to achieve
sudden fame that lured him into the
triplex which carried him to his death,
he stated. 1.-THE triplex was an un.
wieldy machine. It's 30-cylinder motol
and 1900 Horsepower were capable o.
developing q speed in excess OF 2Ot
miles per hour. A year ago 1t shot ovel
the Florida sands to o world record
AUtWltklStnkluuAS Ato SA0eAS SSA@Ss~ N~S~~>>
Necessity Of Accidents.
sPerhaps, it might be said. accidents
are to be expected in the EFFORTS to de-
yelop autom6tive science. It might alst
be said that speed tests are neces'
sary accompaniment to progress in thai
science. But such tests are dangerous
and IL they are conceded to be neces'
sary, that is only another reason VIII!
they should be conducted under thu
strictest regulations and in machine
piloted by drivers thoroughly qualifes
beforehand. Under any other circum
stances they become harmful rathet
than helpful to the automotive indus
try.
Neither highways nor motor cars Ar
constructed to carry freight or passen
gers at speed in excess of ZOO miles PEI
hour. When 1t Is necessary to trave
from one place to another ut sucl
speeds there is no doubt that, ut tn,
present time at least, airplanes furnisl
the best means Of travel"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
BRIDGES AT CAIRO, Ill
TO CONNECT 8 STATES
Ohio River Span and Another Across
Mississippi to BE at "Metrop-
oils Of Little Egypt"

CAIRO. III. tP)-- Bridges connecting
Illinois. Missouri and Kentucky through
Cairo will help maze the metropolis
Of Little Egypt the crossroad Of the
Nation.
Work soon will start on the bridging
Of the Ohio River to unite Illinois and
Kentucky. A great SO ,000. 900 span across
the Mississippi already links Illinois and
Missouri.
Several State and Federal highway
routes converge here, making 1t neces-
sary for more than $4,000 automobiles
to pass through the Cairo gateway an
nually. With the completion of the
"Y" bridge project. Cairo sees further
possibilities of increasing this heavy
motor trafiic.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

displays was in 1899. and while It was
called a SHOW" it consisted Of dozen
vehicles.
Vigilant guards promptly sent away
any one displaying too much curiosity
as to the why and wherefore Of the
machines. ANY one caught kneeling to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

THE impressive and rapidly
y mounting sales Of the new
style Willys-Knight ss7O-B'' prove
how exactly the design of this
beautiful model has captured
public taste, how widespread has
been the demand for a low-priced
Knight-engined car, and how
great is the appreciation of such
exceptional value.
When you see the new style
Willys-Knight ss70-B," you real
ize that this distinguished car
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

d definitely establishes
the fact that artistry of
design and perfection of
detail are entirely inde-
pendent of price. For
only among the most
expensive custom built
cars can you find any
adequate comparison.
The new style WHY'S
knight, 50 notable for
its grace of line and
wRv - - - - - - -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
CAR COST FIXED.
Operating Expense + Estimated a,
g La Cents q Mile.

8 La Cents o Nile.
AAfES, iowa tR). The average oper-
ating cost Of motor vehicles Is 6j2
cents d raile, Prof. =. n. Agg, highway
engineer In the civil engineering depart
fnent Of Iowa State College, has con-
cluded following survey. The maxi
mum 5 az cents for heavy automobiles
and the minimum cents for Light
cars, he said.
Prof. Agg studied the records Of more
than 800 automobiles In arriving ct
his figures. The cost records were fur
nished BY individuals and large corr
pcrations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

harmonious distinction Of color,
is also the largest and most
powerful Knight-engined car ever
offered at 50 low q price.
Its big power plant brings tho
silence, smoothness, economy
and increasing efficiency Of tho
patented double sleeve-valve en-
CINE to thousands of motorists
who until now may have been
restrained by cost alone.
And you may buy the new style
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31
it's distinction

HE rare distinction of De Soto
Six is unique in the field of low
price skies. Wherever Fashion
mingles, De Soto proudly takes
its place and feels at home.
For there has been no departure
from accepted price standards
quite SO daring as that Of De Soto
Six. In NO car at 90 moderate q
price do you find such subtle
SAVIOR of difference in appear
ance and performance such
vivid beanty-such harmonies
Of color and contour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

The Automobile: 10 per cent Pleas
ure, 30 per cent Utility, 100 per cent
Necessity,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

WMys-Knight 0B"
with the full knowledge
that there has been
no sacrifice Of quality
to effect its low cost.
This achievement has
been brought about
only through quantity
production, improved
manufacturing and
merchandising nneth-
ODDS, and volume sales.
+ OF Il ID o, OM 10
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

look under the body was hustled along
before learning too much of the
mechanics Of the horseless carriage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

None in its price-field can match
De Soto Six in easy-riding quail.
ties, in smooth, vigorousperform.
ance. in roomy comfort.
De Soto is easy ON gas. oil and
service--economical to drive and
own-capable of all that any
driver may ask Of it throughout
many thousands ofmiles oftraveL
Learn De Soto's merits at first
hand. Drive it. A phone call
win bring . demonstrators to your
door. There is NO obligation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-31

And you may buy the new styl
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

Frye Bruhn Meat M..rkes.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03
YUKON DELTA AND FORT YUKON AREAS
 BEST FUR REGIONS

Outside of the Yukon Delta the best and most consistent fur region in Alaska is the Fort Yu- kon area, according to Gene S. Le Rouge, Alaska born white man and one of it's oldest inhabitants, in point of residence, and who left Seward few days ago for the south on his first trip Out side in more than 30 years
 At Fort Yukon one of the big gest native villages in the North is located and each year the an nual harvest of furs is said to be around the $1,250,000 mark.
 Referring to Nelson Island upon which MT. Le Rouge operates a trading pose, he stated ther is no regular mail or communication, that two mails a year is the ab- solute limit during his many years spent on the Isle; these are generally brought now by the Steamship Tupper of the Kuskokwim Trading company. Suplies, of course, arrive at the same time. The nearest point of communication is at Akularik  about 160 miles distant.
 It was the intent of the Gate way to publish today something ohort the products from the sea obtained in the Nelson Island area hut space today nrohibits +hic The newt story will appear in Fridays issue.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03
.LONC ISLAND HOME
 ROBBED IF JEWELS

NEW YORK, July 3, (P1-Thc Long Island home of Mr. and Mrs. Norman D. Whitehouse in the exclusive Brookville Colony, was robbed of $5O,OO0 in jewell ry while they were dinner guests of Mrs. Ogden Mills. The thieves entered the room while the maid was out for few minutes, re- moved the jewels from a case ana escaped.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03
BETTER SAFE THAN SORRY

An Ha! We don't know about the fat men aboard the Cutter Chelan but we do know the home products and look a little bit out for the dark horse that mysterious masked gink who has been in training out in the .rhubarbs. John Matich and Gus Borgen have generally been the past favorites but some say Walter Holben is going to lead these young huskies merry chase. Tn any case all bets had better be called off
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03
LEUA[ NOTICE

IN THE UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE
 FOR THE JUNEAU LAND DISTRICT AT ANCHORAGE, ALASKA.
 in the Matter of the Application of the ALASKA PACKERS ASSOCIATION. cor { poration. for Patent under Sections 23e6 and 23eY Revised Statutes to tract of land as 2 Soldiers Additional Homestead embraced in U. s. Official Survey Ne. 1882. Serial No o6410. Notice of Application for Patent.
 NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN That the ALASKA PACKERS ASSOCIATION, s cor 1 porati organized under the laws of Cai- ifornia, whose principal office Is at i'll Cali fornia Street, San Francisco, California, has 1 filed application Serial No. 0641O for pat
 ent under and by virtue of Sections num-
 bers 23es and 23e7 Revised Statutes of the
 United States, as assignee of William D'
 Reynolds, for tract of land embraced in | U. g. Official Survey No l5s2. situate on ! the east shore of Kvichak Bay. Territory
 of Alaska. approximately l. 3-4 miles nor ] thery from Cape. Suwarof in latitude 5S
 deg. 4s min. Is sec. N.. and longitude l57
 deg. min co sec. w.. and more partie-
 ulary described as follows, to-wit: Beginning at corner No. M. C.. whence U. s. l.. M. No. 915 bears N. 3 deg. 24 min 52 sec. E.. lS4.49 chains distant; thence by meanders along the shore of Kvichak Bay from Corner No. M. c. as follows: (1) s. deg. co min. ". 100 chains
 (2) S. deg. 25 min. W. 12.59 chains (3) S. 8 deg. 30 min. E., 3.60 chains (4 s. g deg. 4S min. E., 30 chains < (5) s. deg. B min. w.. 2.10 chains (6) s. deg 06 min. E., 2.9O chains to corner No. 2 Nj. C.; thence E. 38 GO chains to corner No. 3; thence 23.1S chains to corner No. 4: thence w.. 3S.73 chains to corner No. l M C., the
 place of beginning, containing an area of 89.7S acres"
 Any and all persons claiming adversely any of the above described land should file their adverse claims with the Register of
 the United States Land Office at Anchor age, Alaska, within the period of publica- ton or thirty days thereafter. or they will be barred by the provisions of the statute.
 J. Lindley Green, Register
 First Publication May 20, 1929 Last
 Pahlicati>r August II. 1929.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

l Urbach & Valade for FLAGS
 and BUNTING.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

Children's Straw and Jockey hats on sale soc Urbach & VaIade
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03
COMPLIMENTARY

Arrangements have been made whereby the officers and crew of the United States Coast Guard Cutter Chelan, will re- ceive complimentary tickets to the Elks' Ball tomorrow, July 4. The tickets will be distributed to the officers who in turn will pass them out to the crew.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03
HAND PAINTED ALASKA PIG TURES AT SYLVIA'S.

CLIMAX WALL 1'ArER CLEAN FIR at Brown & Hawkins, Corr.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03
A GREAT FEATURE

Colleen Moore gives the greatest performance of her career in First Nationals big new special produc- tion, Lilac Time, which opened last night at the Liberty theatre and closes tonight. Lilac Time" lis not 2 war picture It is a picture of the effects of war and like all great pictures is realistic.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

Katherine D. Kane, well known Bureau of Education teacher from Akutan where she has been teach ing school for a number of years past. was among the incoming ar rivals last evening on the s. $. Starr.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

Contractor Gerhard Johnson of the new Seward school, has. the job 95 percent finished and is now devoting time to improving the appearance of the surround ings.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

The weather man (Old Sour dough himself) promises an ideal day for tomorrow's celebration.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

Seattle ice cream and fresh candies at Sylvia's.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

Merchants lunch from 12 to
 o'clock at the Union Cafe for 50c
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

Mems Panama Hats on sale S1.5O Urbach & Valade.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

PURE UNADULTEKATED ICE 'REAM 50 C. PINT S1.00 A QUART. Schallerer's Alaska Shop.
Seward daily gateway., 1929-07-03

WE CARRY THE BESf BRANDS
 )F CANDY MANUFACTURED Ii, THE UNITED STATES BOTH IN BULK AND BOX. The Candy Cot tage.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1929-02-28
ACCIDENT.

Church Notes
Church of the Brethren-Rev. Ar
thur Scrogum, pastor. $3.50 a. M,
Sunday school. 1920 a. M, Church
services.
English Lutheran Parish-Rev. G..
w. W. Amick, pastor. Accident: $50
a. M, Sunday school. 1920 a. M,
Church services; Cove: 1:30 p. M,
Sunday school. 2:30 p. M, Church
services; Friendsville: 1880 p. M,
Church services.
Zion Lutheran Church, Rev. A. w.
Code, pastor. $3.50 a. M, Sunday
school, 1890 a. M, German service;
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1929-02-28

tended services at Frostburg Sunday
Mr.. H. ]. Speicher spent the week
end at Baltimore.
Mr. C. A. Guthrie, of Friendsvilley
spent Sunday with friends at Acct
dent.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1929-02-28

Mrs. Luther Keller Sunday last.
Misses Mary, nellie, Ruth and
Grace Speicher and Prof. and Mrs.
H. w. Beggs spent Saturday evening
in Oakland.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Weitzel at
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1929-02-28
UNLIMITED MONEY TOLEND

ON FIRST MORTGAGE on
GARRETT COUNTY FARMS
w. CARL RICHARDS,
Attorney at Law,
Farmers Bank, Oakland, Md.