davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-08-23
Article 1.-THE McNamaras, Captain and
Schmidt, Mesaba Range

tity of the family angle, as the
prosecution tried to do in the Gas
tonia case. Hearing that Caplan
had lived at Home Colony, Washing
ton, Burns wrote into his lurid, melo-
dramatic book, "The Masked War;"
which he published in 1918, just be-
fore he was ready to arrest Caplan
and Schmidt, this gem:
"Home Colony is the nest of
anarchy in the United States. There
are about 1900 of them living there
without any regard for a single de-
cent thing in life. They exist in a
state of free love, are VIGOROUSLY
unfaithful to the mates thus chosen,
and are so crooked that even in this
class or rogues there does not seem
to be any hint of honor"
Home Colony, of course, was just
another of those attempts at CO.
operative farming conducted by
idealistic libertarians, all of whom
by this time had given up hope, and
were just settling down, each on his
own little farm, to be the best
poultry raisers in the state of Wash
ington. The only person lacking
honor Burns found there was a fell
low named Voss whom he hired as
perjurer for the Captain Schmidt
case.
Packing the Jury.
Earl Rogers, the attorney for the
Merchants & Manufacturers Asso-
citation was the special prosecutor,
A letter to him from F. J. Zee
handler, its secretary, is on record,
in which Zeehandler goes over the
whole grand jury list, indicating
those who are sure to indict, and
caution Rogers to be sure to get
those. Consider again the packed
grand jury in the Gastonia case, and
the attempts being made to pack
the trial jury.
Well, Captain got ten years, and
Schmidt got life Imprisonment. Cap
Ian served his term, and Schmidt
lies patiently in San Quentin serving
his, with all too little effort being
made to get him out, and he went
there through mistaken defense tao
tics in the Mcnamara case.
Mesaba Range.
You will remember that one Of
the reasons Sacco and Vanzetti were
selected for the electric chair was
because they served on defense COM
mittees in the Mesaba Range case
Sixteen thousand iron miners,
struck on the Mesaba Range, in
Minnesota, in June, 1916. The steel
trust was making millions out of
war orders, but the miners were
working under unbearable condi-
tions. They asked for the hour
day, and So day wage for under
ground work.
The steel trust recruited gangs of
gunner, called them guards, and
sent them to kill miners. John
Altar, miner, was shot dead as he
sat on his own porch with his baby
in his arms. At his funeral, the
workers wore to exact "an eye for
an eye and tooth for a tooth. u
Shootings and violence became less
prominent from that moment, and
eventually the demands were all
granted, but meanwhile there was
one more raid.
Raiding Masonovitch.
A gang Of steel trust gunner
hired in Duluth came to the house
of Philip Masonovitch, who, with
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-08-23
By VERN SMITH.

THE readiness with which judges
disregard in labor cases all
recommendations for mercy which
juries often send in (Centralia,
Wheatlands, Pittston, for example)
should be warning enough to any
body that when employers are using
frame-up methods to kill labor
leaders, they mean to get their man,
and are incapable of keeping any
gentleman's agreement to give light
sentences, or anything else.
We need not be afraid in the Gas
tonia case that the defense will be
caught in any of the traps always
prepared by an INSCRIPTIONS prose-
cution, any scheme that part of
the defendants plead guilty and let
the others off, or get light senten-
ces, or anything of that sort. The
international Labor Defense GER
tainly knows that when the en-
ployers and their state start out to
do murder under guise of law, when
they resort to every variety of
faxed evidence and false testimony
to accomplish that end, they will
not hesitate to break any and all
promises they feel like making.
But just as a matter of record,
there are two outstanding cases in
American labor history in which the
defense attorneys did go into such
bargains, with disastrous results not
only to the defendants in those cases
but to others, innocent as well,
against which the first plea of
guilty served as evidence. Those
two outstanding instances are the
Mcnamara case and the Mesaba
Range case.
Militant Iron Workers.
J. J. Mcnamara was elected secre-
tary of the Iron Workers Interna-
tional Union in 1905. 1t was a fight
ing union; he and his brother ]. B.
(Jim) were fighters. The open shop
erectors' association fought with
gangsters and detectives and bull
lets. All the strikes were violent.
The iron workers did, in the course
of the battle, blow up some scab
jobs, though just who, among the
officials and members did it, has
never been proved. Taking down a
steel frame built by scab labor was
illegal, of course, but it was not
murder. And the union thrived;
membership doubled and wages rose
from $3.50 per nine hour day to
$3.50 per eight hour day.
The powerful erectors association,
and the Merchants and Manufac-
turers association of California de-
liberately set to work to get the
officials for murder. In 1906 they
hired the Burns detective agency to
do the job.
In the midst of the great open
shop drive in 1910 in southern Cali
fornia which involved strikes in all
building trades, Matt Schmidt, a
member of the carpenters union be-
came known to the bosses as a mill
tant.
Was it Bomb?
On October /, 1910, during the
strike, the Los Angeles Times build
ing burned, with loss of life. Harri-
son Grey Otis, proprietor of the
Times, who made his start as a
general numbering Filipinos, and
hated labor organizations most Bit
terly, Immediately accused the iron
workers union of starting the fire
with a bomb. He claimed to have
found another bomb in his house.
Neither of these accusations was
ever proved.
Burns thereupon kidnapped ]. j..
Mcnamara, Jim Mcnamara, and
Ortie McManigal, a petty official of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-08-23

the union, and hid them away in a
private house in Chicago, while he
wired for the Merchants and Manu-
facturers Association to indict them,
saying: eve don't let arrest be
known here until officers arrive
with papers or they would spend
hundreds of thousands of dollars in
habeas corpus proceedings, and all
sorts of trouble" Up. LAT, "The
Masked War;" by Burns himself).
By process of threats and brides
brazenly admitted by Burns in his
own book, McManigal was moved to
swear to the prosecution story. 1t
was the same trick that failed with
Buzzi in the Grecco-Carillo case.
Clarence barrow headed defense
counsel. He was harrassed by con-
tinued attempts to frame him for
tampering with the jury, or prospec-
tive jury. Burns was taking care
of this too. Active preparations
were on foot to indict dozens of la
Dor leaders. The strike was going
badly.
In this situation, the prosecution
made its offer. If the McNamaras
would plead guilty, ]. B. to the
Times explosion" and ]. J. to an
other, they would get light SEN
tence, the eight-hour-day would be
granted, and there would be no more
prosecutions.
Violation of the Pledge.
At this point Lincoln Steffins
came in. Steffins might be called
professional liberal. He was al
ways actively shopping around, and
being shocked at the depravity of
mankind, the vindictiveness of en-
ployers, and the untrustworthiness
of grafters. But he always, in each
new case, bobbed up with a brand
new theory of christian charity, to
fit just this case. He saw the Nc
Namaras. Steffins said: ~. B., the
judge understands. He will not
speak harshly and in passing Judge
ment on you, the Christian spirit
will temper his language with love
and mercy" Steffins, relating this
incident in speech and print after
wards, always wondered, audibly or
legibly, why 81. B." smiled sardonic-
ally at it. Steffins was also almost
tearfully shocked when 81. B." got
from Judge Bordell a sentence of
life Imprisonment, and 81. j." got
five years more than was bargained
for, and why within a month after
passing sentence, Sd more unionists
were indicted in Indianapolis for
completely in the dynamitings, four
more indicted in Los Angeles, and
why, three years later, vicious at
tempt was made, on the same
charges, to railroad Matt Schmidt
and Dave Captain to the gallows with
the Mcnamara plea of guilty" as
the prosecutions main argument.
But so 1t was.
There were all convicted, too. The
Indianapolis defendants got fairly
heavy sentences for transporting
dynamite" and have served them
and are out.
Caplan and Schmidt, however
Schmidt arrested in New York
and Caplan, barber, arrested in
Seattle) were tried in September
1915, and Burns made every effort
to hang them. He not only brought
all the faxed evidence his far flung
detective company could furnish,
but he even overworked the "sanc-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-08-23
LAUGHING JACK AND WHEEPING JACK

Martini sanp-seer. and JOEL the lGmpighe hve m me
town joIy with for OCCASION
VhHe gYober. Both off to together
qh their generally kmon and Martin BE-
very popular Not 0ound in the head d~ A@
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-08-23

DUT now it had changed in tone little:
They had had to trepan him, with the
result that holes and gaps, and a certain dis
proportion had appeared in his mind. And
now his puns would be mixed up at times,
with long quotations from the Catechism and
French history, which came bubbling up out
of the subconscious. In hospital, he became
a regular buffoon, and launched out into
gambols and grimaces and apish evolutions
which astounded and delighted the patients
obaipad in horizontal attitudes to their beds
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-08-23
Raiding Masonovitch.

A gang Of steel trust gunner
hired in Duluth came to the house
of Philip Masonovitch, who, with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-08-13
Textile Difficulties of Britain
Blamed on Obsolete Methods

victory won by Labor q few weeks since.
and almost before the Labor ministry
has got comfortably established in the
seats of power, one Of the greatest in
dustrial crises in the nations history,
strike in LancashireS great cotton In
dustry, should have occurred" The
AsheVille Times thinks that IF Prime
Minister Macdonald and Miss Bond
field, Minister of Labor, can effectively
and the rehabilitation Of the industry, 1t
will be a great send-of for the Labor
government"
The Chicago Daily News makes 1t
clear that 1.-THE Labor government Is not
responsible for the strike or for the con-
dition which caused the wage dispute, "
since notice of the reduction was posted
weeks before the general election by
which the Labor government returned
to power"
In the opinion Of the Ottawa Journal.
the strike is "a most unfortunate prob
lem to face a government new to ONCE
and especially q Labor government, "
that paper explaining its thought that
lit may be difhcult for a Labor ministry
to maintain the impartial attitude OF
arbitrator and conciliator in a great
strike-but such must be its aim II 1t
is not to lose ground with other ele-
mentS of Britain"
The Illinois State Journal thinks the
government Is in the same position OF
helplessness it would occupy II its head
were q Conservative or q Liberal"
Commenting on the statement by
Miss Margaret Bondfield, new Minister
of Labor, that she has temporarily
given up attempts to handle the sttua-
ton" the Lansing State Journal re-
marks that sit is apparent that there
are some situations which no one can
handle, no matter how good their
theories or disposition"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-08-13
Asks Watering Troughs
Protected for Horses

To the Editor Of The Star:
It Is q common idea that horses have
been relieved through the Introduction
Of the automobile, but many horses
have been sold into worse conditions
to give place to the automobile, ana
there are still many left toiling for the
community under very wretched con-
ditions. whenever 60 out. always
see a number Of miserable horses, and
carry with me pamphlets to appeal to
drivers for improved treatment for the
patient toilers.
Some drivers have complained to me
that on streets where there are many
automobiles 1t II generally impossible
for the horses to get q drink Of water
from the watering troughS that were
put up for them, as automobiles are
all around. Some drivers have also
complained about gasoline cans for the
thus making it UNIT for horses to
drink.
have appealed to the Humane
Society and have asked drivers to send
In complaints; but the easiest way to
abolish this evil would be II such who
have automobiles would not forget
about the pangs Of thirst for toiling
horses and would therefore not park
automobiles so close to the watering
troughs that horses cannot come near
them, and would also abstain from
cleaning gasoline cans therein.
It Is to be hoped that this humble
request made by one whose life has
been devoted to the protection Of
animals may be needed alike for the
sake Of the helpless toilers wronged in
countless ways and for the sake OF
progress In the cause Of humanity.
MARIE GUNDERSEN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-08-13
this may be the eventual disposition Of
Ill IaIa Iaok rdn.s

this may be the eventual disposition Of
all undesirable behavior.
The family is the molecular unit Of
society, as the individual il the atomic
unit. There seems to be increasing evi-
dence that this unit is becoming I'M
stable, with disastrous implications for
the structure which has been built upon
1t. Under the nervous stresses and
strains Of civilization the bonds are
loosening. The home, according to some
statisticians, is breaking up at an I'M
precedented rate. nd the result Is q
disorganized society productive Of I'M
social behavior. Children are neglected
or pampered to extreme degrees, they
fail to receive proper moral discipline
and they mature only to add to the dis
organization Of the structure itself.
All sorts of organizations have wor-
ried over this situation and pondered
means to restore the force Of such Of
the old taboos as still are desirable. The
subject Is obscure and full Of contra
dictions. But it seems obviously outside
the scope of the courts as they now are
constituted. Juvenile courts and do
nestle relations courts as established
by various municipalities have been
steps in the right direction-but they
have functioned most effectively only rs
they ceased to be courts and become
clinics. From the very nature Of these
institutions psychology, psychiatry and
sociology-the fundamental sciences Of
human behavior-had at least an equal
status with law. And as they have pro-
crossed the balance has been upset more
and more.
The problem is to get at the roots
rather than the branches Of behavior in
these fundamental units Of society. The
solution Is in the central nervous Sys-
tenn, rather than the statutes.
The Children's Bureau Is concerned
primarily with domestic relations as
they affect children. Children are the
innocent victims Of the incompatabilities
Of adults and for their sake especially
it is essential that. SO far as possible,
these incompatabilities be adjusted,
rather than their end results punished.
Adjustment is the function Of the tech
meal clinic.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-08-13
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

@. What causes the double tides al
Christ Church, Hampshire, and Poole,
Dorsetshire, both in England?-T. j.
A. The main tidal undulation as 1t
approaches the British Isles from the
Atlantic divides into three main streams,
one OF which passes up the English
Channel. This tidal wave reaches
southampton water between the main
land and the Isle Of Wight, first by way
OF the Solent and then some hours later
by way of Spithead, hence there are
double tides at all the towns fronting
on this particular strip of water.
Q. What State ranked first in the
production OF coal for lo28?-A. T. H.
A. Pennsylvania ranked first In an
thraclte and second in bituminous, West
Virginia leading in this field.
@. OF what material are the fiat disk
monograph records made?-H. w. A.
A. The fiat disk record in general
use was devised by the late Emile Ber-
liner. The base of the composition is
shellac, which is also the base Of seal
ing wax.
@. Who built the Escorial?-W. T.
A. A short distance from Madrid, this
temple was built by Philip II in memory
of the martyr, st. Lawrence, who met
OtdLlI ILLS SpOL. f1eTc UlhIly Oh
the Spanish Kings are buried.
@, How many people live in Hawaiip
"A. c.
A. The population Of the Territory Of
Hawaii was estimated in 1928 at 345, 5000,
about one-third Of which is In Homo
lulu. Nearly two-thirds Of the popula-
ton is partly of Oriental descent
Pure Hawaiians number about $4,000.
Every one born in Hawaii is automatic
ally an American.
@. Shouldn't Denver have been In
cluded in your list of cities having
municipality owned parks lying outside
the bounaries Of the municipalities
w. r. e.
A. Denver should have been included.
There are 10988 acres Of land in the
mountain parks owned and lying outside
the boundaries of Denver. They are
connected by liz miles Of improved
highways.
@. Who discovered the carbon-tetrs
chloride treatment for hookworm disease
for human BEINGS. w. A.
A. 1t was introduced by DR.. Maurice
c. Hall of the Department of Agri-
culture in 1921. DR.. Hall discovered
its value as drug for the removal Of
hookworms in dogs. and then found
that it could be applied to human beings
with satisfactory results. It Is a great
contribution to tropical medicine.
Q. Can the speed Of an airplane be
controlled?-L. E. F.
A. The speed is regulated by the sup
ply of gas.
@. What is the name given to
fear of open spaces? or confined
places?-T. w. K.
A. Agoraphobia is the fear Of open
spaces, especially public squares. Clsu-
strophobia is the fear Of closed places.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-08-13
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Invariably they will select Q human
being who Is susceptible to their bites,
and upon whom they raise burning,
itching spots. 1t seems that every
family has at least one such member,
and when he or she is bitten the mat
ter becomes a joke to the other mem
beers. who do not SO suffer.
Rid dogs and cats of feas, and keep
them free of them; this is the flrst
rule in the care of household pets.
Often this requires real persistence
on the part Of some patient member Of
the family. who Is willing to work hard
to get rid of the flea.
If the insects once get in the house,
q regular battle may have to be waged
before man Is victorious in this sector
of the eternal warfare against the In
sect world.
The entire house may have to be
sprayed, not once but many times, at
intervals Of O week, in order to kill the
successive generations of fieas as they
emerge from the eggs, which are so
minute that they cannot ordinarily be
seen.
In this warfare science has provided
some very effective insecticides, which
may be used as liquid spray or powder.
The spray should never be put on
animals. In some instances the powder,
generally made of pyrethrum, may be
rubbed on the animal, but as a rule
1t Is safe to rely on washing with q
good flea soap made for the purpose.
The animal should be washed often
enough to keep down the fieas. Care
should be taken to keep lather out OF
ears, eyes, nose and mouth, paruc.
ularly the ears. F1eas should be picked
Off as the lather stunS them, and
they should be allowed to remain for
at least "a hours. as they will revive
short Of that time. Fleas are tough.
Those who stroke animals, especially
the cat, should invariably wash their
hands after every such petting party.
No matter how clean you think your
dog or cat is, there is no sense in TAX
ing chances with It's fur. Both animals
lick themselves and both may or may
not be infested with some parasite.
There Is no telling.
Children in particular should b
taught to wash their hands after play.
ing with animals. The old-time beliei
that cats helped spread diphtheria and
-
extent that it once did. The real
danger lies In the direction pointed out
by DR.. Price.
Two main lines Of action may be sug-
gested: All dishes used by pet animals
and all their bedding should be kept
up-to -the-minu in cleanliness. In
addition, the entire home. II they have
the run Of 1t, must be kept Immaculate
ly clean.
In no way can the modern vacuum
cleaner work more for good than in
keeping rugs, ETC., free from hair shed
by pet animals and In Kidding the home
generally of possible parasites which
cling to such Sheddings.
Many q family which realizes the
danger in feeding pets at table while
dining nevertheless INDUCES in the
practice. It should be discontinued.
1t would be best, at least theoretically
II pet animals were kept out Of kitchen
and dining room entirely. Yet who
that loves Tom or Towser can do 1t?
If a real pet hygiene Is practiced. how
ever, maybe Tabby may be permitted
to still enjoy her bowl Of cream be-
meath the kitchen sink.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-08-13

This newspaper puts at your disposal
a corps of trained researchers In Wash
ington, who will answer questions for
you. They have access to the Govern
ment departments, the libraries, mu-
seums, galleries and public buildings
and to the numerous associations which
maintain headquarters in the Nation S
Capital. II they can be of assistance
to you, write your question plainly and
send with 2 cents In coin or stamps to
The Evening Star Information Bureau,
Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing
ton, D. G.
@. Who holds the speed record for
speed boatS?-C. w. F.
shattered the salt and fresh water rec
ords by covering the mile course at
Miami, Fla, with his Miss America at
the rate of 93123 miles an hour.
Q. Which member of the Federal
Farm Board represents the wheat in
dustry?-S. D. w.
A. Representing the wheat industry
will be the special responsibility of Sam
uel r. McKelvie, former Governor Of
Nebraska and owner Of the Nebraska
Farmer.
O. How many "hot dogs" are eaten
annually?-E. M.
A. In 1928, according to the National
Standowners' Association, 81 000, 900
frankfurters were eaten in the United
States.
@. How tall is William Muldoon, what
does he weigh, and what is the name
Of his training place?-D. N.
A. William Muldoon is feet Il inches
tall and weighs 1876 pounds. His farm
and training quarters is called the
Olympia.
@. Who first used the expression
Ship of state"?-C. H.
A. 1t was first used by MachiavelH in
his political treatise, THE Prince" 1t
was used by Longfellow in his Building
Of the Ship"
@. Is Fort McHenry of Star Spangled
Banner" fame open to yisitors?-
A. The old fort is still standing and
is open to the public. Many Of the
Notifications remain and the drives and
walks are lined with cannon balls OF
that siege. Two memorials to Francis
Scott Key have been erected on the
grounds, one overlooking the river and
the other at the entrance. 1t is TO be
a national park, and the work of beau
tifying the grounds has already begun.
@. What States furnish free text books
to school childreni-H S. r.
A. Nineteen States furnish text books
to school children. They are as fol-
lows: Arizona, California, Delaware,
District of Columbia elementary schools
only, Maine. Maryland Massachusetts,,
Montana, Nebraska, Vermont (elemen-
tary schools only), wyoming, Nevada,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, Utah
elementary, Texas, Oklahoma, Penn
sylvania, Rhode Island and South Da-
kotA. -