davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

ton on youth work and other reso-
lutions.
The Bankruptcy of the Opposition,
Should anyone think that the
heading Of this chapter is somewhat
exaggerated, a glance at the role of
the Opposition prior and during the
convention must convince him to the
contrary. l have already spoken
about the preconvention period.
What did the Opposition do at the
convention proper: The way the
Opposition demanded representation
one would assume that they had
something to contribute in helping
to shape tire policies for the dis
trict for its future work. What did
they really do at the convention?
Their chief role consisted in plac-
ing obstacles in the way Of the con-
vention, in minimizing the work of
the district, Not one Of their speak
ers discussed the plans for future
work, criticized the plans proposed
nor offered one solitary suggestion
which would help the district. That
this was no accident can be seen
from what happened at the closing
of the convention. Immediately be-
fore adjournment the leader of the
Opposition made a statement for
the records in which he contested
the entire legality and proceedings
of the convention. When asked to
state for the records whether, in
view of the statement, they vii! car
ry out the decisions of the conven-
ton they refused to reply. We hope
that they will change the attitude
embodied in their statement, for we
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

a deaf ear. This was amply demon
strated by the many resolutions
which the mining and steel units
adopted pledging their support to
the c. c. and denouncing the Oppo-
sition.
The climax of the discussion, how
ever, came during the week when
delegates to the district convention
were being elected. During this week
the Opposition made almost super
human efforts to convince the min
ers and steel workers that the Ma
jority of the C. C. is a menace to
the working class, because the Ma
jority analysed conditions realistical-
ly and not like utopians. These poor
devils from the pits and mills could
not see the logic of their reasoning,
and the Opposition concluded that
the miners and steel workers are too
dumb to grasp the depths of the
Opposition. Their emphatic protests
that they do not have any reserva-
lions, only disagreements, to the de-
cisions Of the Sixth Congress did
not help their case much.
The truth of the matter is that
one cannot fool sound proletarian
minds with sophistry. The miners
know the miners, and the steel work
ers know the steel workers. They
know that there is widespread dis
satisfaction among the miners, but
at this time the bulk of them are
less ready to struggle (the test of
rehabilitation than, they were ten
months ago, when the April First
Conference took place.
Does this mean that there is no
basis for the National Miners
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

Union? Only political demagogues
could interpret this to b. our posi-
ton. Quite the contrary is the case,
as we will see in a moment. What
is the real situation in the mining
industry? The operators are mad
with power. Wage cut proceeds
after wage cut. Miners earn as low
as $3.50 and $500 a day. Terrorism
is the fashion of the mining town.
The miners are afraid to breathe.
For the National Miners Union to
call . strike at this time would spell
suicide for the new union. On the
other hand, these same conditions
constantly increase the dissatisfac-
ton.
The miners are slowly but steadily
turning their faces, in ever larger
numbers, to the revolutionary union.
The miserable conditions, which
grow worse from day to day, and
the fact that more and more miners
are being replaced by machines, rap
idly create the necessary conditions
when the miners will once again rise
in terrific struggle against the OPP
orators. Are these conditions enough
of a reason for the existence and
growth of the National Miners
Union? Of course they are! But
the policies to be pursued must be
based on the true situation.
AS to the comrades in the steel
industry. When the Opposition told
them they were radicalized they
agreed. But when they were told
that ALL the steel workers were
radicalized they voted against the
Opposition. These proletarians are
tired of the Opposition's pendulum
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

gates to the national convention
were elected, (three miners, two
steel workers, one colored laborer) q.
The convention centered its entire
attention on district reports and dis
trict problems.
The report of the district organ
izer on the activities of the DEC
since the last convention was true
picture of the actual accomplish
ments and was rich in elf-criticisr.
The political and economic situation
was analysed and concrete plans of
work were proposed for the incom-
ing DEC. This was done from the
point of view of the war danger,
which requires an orientation of the
district towards those industries
which will play the biggest role in
the coming war. The mining, steel
and chemical industries are to receive
the most attention, and the building
of the National Miners Union to be
in the foreground. The district
membership must be modified to
build the Miners Union; the cam
paign in the steel mills to build
mill committees must be intensified;
a base in the chemical industry must
be established; the number Of shop
nuclei must be increased and i'm
proved; the shop papers must be in
creased and improved; the drawing
in of proletarian elements into the
leading Party committees, etc, etc.
all these were included in the
plans for future work. Some Of the
resolutions adopted were as follows:
resolution on the report of DEC;
resolution on the building of new
unions; resolution On unity; resolu-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
By VERN SMITH.

Even the Taylor system, heart
less speed-up device when in the
hands of capitalist managers, tho
it principles of division of work,
ETC., are capable of modification and
application to socialized labor also,
is in its most capitalist form out
done in severity by American IA
tionalization schemes.
This fact is emphasized by cri-
ticism of the Baldwin Locomotive
Works, appearing in the article on
The Philosophy of Taylorism by
Henri LIE Chatelier, translated for
the Bulletin of the Taylor Society
for their congress just held in New
York.
Baldwin and the Graveyard.
lie Chatelier says:
AFTER having described the great
Baldwin Locomotive Works of
Philadelphia, Frazer tells the fol-
lowing story. Having expressed in
the course of a visit to similar
factory his establishment at seeing
only young men in the shops, the
manager proposed to conduct him to
the place assigned to those of great
er age. After good breakfast he
rendered him large cigar and con-
Quoted him to the cemetery.
SIN the Baldwin and other similar
shops the method employed was the
negation Of all system. The rule
of work could be expressed in two
words: hard work and cleaning up"
''Only Over Fatigue
AS proof that LIE Chatelier is not
sympathetic to labor, and applies
the principles invented by Taylor
in a manner to sap the worker of
every ounce of strength he can part
with, and still be able to continue
his slavery, there is reprinted be-
low his remarks on fatigue in work
ers:
"Along with the measurement of
the speed of work, it is necessary to
be able to measure the fatigue re-
sulting for the workman from this
work. Taylor expressed the hope
that the Psychologists would succeed
in giving us some cay the appro-
pirate technique. Unfortunately
they have not done so as yet. One
must be content with experimental
guesses about fatigue and more
often simply with the statement of
those most interested. The difficult
ty Of this problem arises from the
fact that it is not ordinary fatigue
which it is necessary to measure
but only over-fatigue. All work
produces fatigue, and it is relatively
easy to measure it. But to elm
mate that we should have to elm
mate all work. This is not what
concerns us. This fatigue disap-
pears entirely or in part every night
by sleep and by rest on holidays. 1t
is necessary and sufficient that this
should be complete
enough for the workman to find
at stated periods in his ac-
health. The measurement,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
BY BEN GERJOY.

A convention of the Workers
(Communist) Party, or any of its
sections, is no small event. Especi-
ally is this true about the convention
OF the Pittsburgh District held Jan.
20. This convention was the climax
OF long preconvention period last
ing almost three months. 1t was a
very heated discussion period, per-
haps more so than any previous dis
eussion period, for the issues dis
cussed were of vital Importance to
the life. and future growth of our
Party. The answer to the many prob
TENS was found in the convention
itself-its social composition, its
work and decisions.
Party Discussion--the Crystaliza-
tion of BoIshevik Party-It is safe
to set down the following maxim for
all Party discussions: That, unless
Party discussion results in raising
the theological level of the member
ship, has cleared the issues and fur
thered the capitalization of a COR
rect Bolshevik line, the discussion
has been failure. 1t is with this
in view that we can state that in this
district the discussion period accom-
plished its desired aim.
This discussion period, being pre-
convention discussion for the entire
Party naturally conferred around ma
tional and international rather than
district problems. In addition the
economic conditions affecting the
Party and the workers of this dis
trict received great deal of atten-
tion, especially at the convention
proper. The question of correct
analysis of American imperialism,
whether American capitalism is still
on the upward trend; extent of radi-
calization; the question of the right
to reservations (disagreements)
from Comintern decisions; the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
Work of Convention.

ganizational steps for building a
Trotskyite organization within the
Finnish section of the Party, the
District Executive Committee of Dis
trict No. decided unanimously to
expel these renegades from the Party
and Immediately thereupon the
board of directors of the Finnish
Language Party organ, "Eteenpain",
decided in their enlarged session on
the 3Oth of December, 1928, to re-
move them from the editorial staff
of this organ of the Party, where
they had for the last three years
maintained a continuous state of
chaos.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

the leading positions of the Finnish
section of the Party in the New
England states, for utilization for
the Trotskyite camp.
After giving these two ex-com-
rades-Arne Halonen, an intellectual
and AFRO Hyrske, an age-old lieuten-
ant of Sulkanen in all of his efforts
to organize opposition to the Party
in the reorganization, etc. three
years time to settle their relations
with the Party, and after receiving
written statements of their clumsy
effort to mask their support of out
spoken Right wingers and Trotsky-
ties with false slogans, and after
investigating thoroughly their or
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
Baldwin Rah0MalizQtiOnists
Haze Graves for Old Workers

therefore, must be carried over a
sufficiently long time to permit one
to recognize very subtle progressive
changes in the general state of
health in order to avoid any accu-
mutation of fatigue. But once these
measurements were made, it would
still be very difficult to distinguish
what part of the over-exertion is
due to the work of the shop and
what part due to extraneous causes
of fatigue outside of natural causes
and illness. This problem is, there
fore, still at the point where Taylor
left it, and we do not yet know what
will be the final solution"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
Remove Renegades.

After going over the facts pre-
scented in the case of Arne Halonen
and Arc Hyrske, and after finding
out that not only does the Finnish
social democratic organ, the "Rai-
vaaja," but also the semi-official
organ of the Finnish fascist govern
ment, the New Yorkin Uutiset,"
published in New York City, take
up the defense of these renegades,
and after having facts to prove that
Arne Halonen and Arc Hyrske are
making a futile effort to organize
the Finnish workers outside of the
Party against the Party, the Central
Executive Committee felt itself fully
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
Uo More Leading Tosks Expelled Finnish Section Workers Pa

Some time ago, when the discus
sion took place on Trotskyism in
the Party organization of Worcester,
Mass, two assistant editors of
"Eteenpain", the Finnish Party daily
in the east, refused to vote for the
district resolution on the fight
against the Right danger and on
the endorsement of the actions of
the Political Committee in expelling
outspoken Right wingers and Trot-
skyites from the Party.
Although these two ex-comrades,
Arne Halonen and Arc Hyrske,
claimed to endorse the expulsion of
Cannon, Abern and Schachtman from
the Party, they made an exception
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

realize that unity in the Party ranks
is the first prerequisite for making
the convention plans a living reality.
Conclusion.
In conclusion we can make the
following summary of the convention
of District Five
I. Trotskyism found no respor.+
among the proletarian elements O.
this District.
2. The underestimation of the
danger of Trotskyism by the Oppo-
sition was repudiated by the men,
bership.
8. The analyzation of the posi-
ton and role of American imperial
ism by the Majority of the C. E. C.
was endorsed 80 per cent.
4. The charge that the Majority
of the GEO. is the source of the
fright" danger was repudiated.
5. The charge that the Majority
has no proletarian base was proven
false.
6. The Party members from the
pits and mills are 100 per cent for
the Majority.
z. The Opposition, in this Dis
trict, have no longer anything con-
structive to offer to the Party but
are playing a retrogressive role only.
8. The bulk of the members of
the new DEC. are working in the
mills, mines and other basic indus
tries.
9. Concrete plans for future
work were laid down, and the Dis
trict's attention was turned towards
the war industries.
10, In the resolution on unity
the Convention laid the basis for
complete liquidation of the fractional
struggle.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

justified in sustaining and upholding
the decision of the District Exec
utive Committee No. / in expelling
these two outspoken renegades from
the Workers (Communist) Party of
America and to sustain and uphold
the unanimous decision of the en-
larged meeting of the board of direc-
tors of the "Eteenpain" in immedi-
ately removing them from the
editorial staff of the "Eteenpain."
Upon the declaration that both
Arne Halonen and Arc Hyrske are
finally expelled from the Party, the
Central Executive Committee gave
recognition to the energetic efforts
of the Finnish fraction in clearing
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
Thousand Workers at
Basic Condemn Swiss
Aid to the Blackshirts
(Wireless BIZ "Inprecorr"l

(Wareless By "InpfecorT"I
BASLE, Feb. IA meeting of
thousand workers here protested
against the prohibition by the Swiss
Federal Council of the meeting Of
revolutionary unionists at Tessia.
The meeting condemned the council
for its action intended to provoke
the workers. Even the bourgeoisie
criticise the government action in
refusing admission to Switzerland
of the anti-fascist professor, Salve-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

its ranks of the out and out Right
wing elements, many of whom have
during their last stage of degrade
ton raised the Trotskyite banner.
The Central Executive Committee
greeted the awakening of the pro-
letarian elements in the Finnish sec
ton to realization of the Right
danger and welcomed the proletari-
anization of the Finnish fraction,
growing ever stronger in the fight
against the Right danger and ever
more capable to cope with the stu
alton, in exterminating Trotskyism
from their midst.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

Ohrn in the Finnish section, for the
maneuvers Of Sulkanen and Co., who
already at that time were organic
ing for split in the Finnish sec
ton Of the Party and in the Fin
nish Workers Club, sympathetic to
the Party. When the expulsion of
Sulkanen, Askeli and Ohrn took
place, these two renegades made an
organized effort to capitalize the
remnants of Ohrn confusion for the
expelled Right wingers and for the
Trotskyites, masking themselves un-
der the slogans of democracy, Of
"more Qualification in the Ohrn mat
ter" ETC., and making simultaneous
ly a well-planned effort to capture
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

on the expulsion of Sulkanen and
Co., and attempted to defend Axel
Ohrn, who also had been expelled
from the Party after his continued
fragrant violations of Party discip-
line, for organizing against the
Party and for his support of the
Trotskyite program.
Anti-Party Conspiracy.
In the spring of 1928, when the
Ohrn matter was under investiga-
ton, and when Ohm was organic
ing elements outside and inside the
Party against the Party, these two
ex-comrades pretended to fight Ohrn
by utilizing the confusion created by
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
German Center Party
Withdraws From Bloc;
Can Put Cabinet Out

BERLIN, Feb. The Centrist
(Catholic) Party has refused the
offer of Chancellor Mueller to take
two seats in the new coalition cab
met of right wing and center par
ties. They demanded three seats,
and not getting them, withdrew to-
day the single minister they already
have, Theodore Won Guerard, head
Of the department Of transport.
i The Centrists now are in posi-
ton to overthrow the cabinet when
ever they care to toe with the op-
position.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
STRIKE IN CzECHO.sLOyAKIA
(WweIess bX "IaprecoYy")

(WWeless 6y "Iaprecorr'')
PRAGUE, Feb. 8.-Twenty mills
are closed and thousands of textile
workers are striking in Grottau and
Kratzau, North Bohemia, and in
Bruenn, East Bohemia.
The strike followed the statement
by the employers yesterday reject
ing the demands of the Red Trade
Union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13
EMERGENCY FUND

Continued from Page One)
The Binghamton Workers
Party, Sec. 9, Binghamton $500
Educational Soc. Of Ukrain-
ian Working Women, City $500
Collected by Alex. Lakoff,
Spokane, Wash.-Alex. La
koff, So; John Goroff, So;
Pete Gogoff, 50; Nick Salo-
goff, So; Sam Mazoff, 50;
Sam Maloff, So; Jack Be-
kohl, 81; Bill Duroff, So;
Sida Zakoff, So; Mike Ga
soft, SO; Sam Besoff, 81;
Alex. Kalisoff, 81. $50. $500
Anna Porter, San Jose, Calf. 1000
Ukrainian Workers Branch,
Brooklyn ............... 1900
Collected at a lecture by Com
rade Olgin at the Browns
vile Wrkrs Centre, B'klyn 1900
st. Nucleus 8. Sec. 2, Detroit,
Mich.-D. Flakser, So; A.
Forchi, 81; G. Nitti, 81; S.
Gross, 81; S. Feldman, 81;
l.. Murson. 81; H. Whisky,
SOC; J. Weisman, SOC; J.
Murray, csc; S. Levine, 81;
L. Ostrowsky, 81; Freed
man, ST.; Treansury, $2.75 1900
Ukrainian Workers of Hud-
son, N. Y................ 1900
Collected by G. Novosiosky,
Niagara Falls, N. Vt. Z.
Lapchevsky, So; N. Kova-
cheff, $1.50; N. Benick, 81;
S. Pawloff, 81; M. PLAY
schick, 81; G. Novosevsky,
SO; ]. Hornjak, $2. -. 1850
Lodzer Branch 1924, Work
mems Circle, Bronx. -. 1880
Morning International Branch,
City ....-........... ll.5o
Members Of Odesser Branch
225, Workmen's, Circle, City 1000
VIM. Weissbaum, Detroit. -. 1000
Collected by L. Kremosky,
Kansas City, Kansas.
Kremosky, So; S. Buck, 81;
P. A. Victor, 81; E. Med
we'd, ST.; X. Wincha. SOC; 6.
Sasen. 81; G. Cenkover,
Soc; P. Sansewich, 81; w.
Evanashko, 81; B. Cke, SOC $50
slavish Worwers Society,
Hamilton, Ohio-John Ste
fek, 81; Steve Kozatchy,
81; Albert Benca, 81; Louis
Kolander, 81; Urbone Be-
loscic, ST.; F. Mikulic, ST.;
X. Karnvic, Soc; Fred Kri-
zan, Soc; j. Hoobec, Csc; E.
Boback, 40c; M. Kozec, SOC;
Steve OkrChlica, SOC; To-
parenuk, soc. ............ 9.15
Collected by Rudolf Hudeck,
Buffalo, N. Y.-Czechoslo-
yak E. w. Club, So; J. vi
dicka, 81; F. Podmele, 81;
r. Hudecek, ST.. 500
Unit IF, Sub-Sec. A, City,. 500
Ukrainian Daily News. City. 500
Lewis Hurst. Leachville, Ark 500
Henry Macovitz. Bridge, Ore. 500
J. Kurki. San Francisco. Cal. 500
Collected by Mary Kasun,
Chisholm, Minn.--Mr. Me-
ghie, SOC; Steve Kasun, 81;
Mary Kasun, ST.; J. Vodo-
mix. 81; Marko Drazeno-
vich, 81; Frank Klune, SOC. 500
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

The proIetarlat. the lowest stra-
tum OF our present society, cannot
stir, cannot raise itself up without
the whole superintendent strata
of official society being sprung
into the air.-NarI Marx (Commu-
mist MnnifestO).
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

mini, and stated that it regards the
agreement between Mussolini and
the Vatican as supporting interna-
tional fascist propaganda.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

The modern Inborer, ON the con-
trnry, instead of rising with the
progress OF industry, sinks deeper
and deeper below the conditions
of existence of his own cIass--KarI
Marx Communist Manifesto)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

E. L., Milwaukee, Wise. -. so
Local 423, U. N. w. Of A.,
Creighton, Pa. -. SO
Brooklyn Scandinavian Ath-
1etic Club, Brooklyn. 49,. so
Rumanian Workers Club, De-
troit, Mich. ............. 5.5
Odesser Branch 225, Work
mems Circle, City. ....... so
Marine Workers League, City SO
Chester Workers Club, Ches-
ISl, MASS. O.U
Collected by Sec. 6, So, City
IN, Kan,in, 81; Drasnin,
81, M. Rapport. so; Sha-
dar, 81; w. Goodblatt, soc;
Lavoff, 81 .............. so
f. Poul, City .............. so
Chas. Moschel, Cincinnati, o. 40
Collected by John PITT, De-
troit, Mich-W. Moisiuk,
81; W. Sanchuk, 81; John
lJL, o. 4.U
Workers Berkshire Shop, City 40
Collected by Vaino Maxi, De-
iroit, Mich.-John Hill, 81;
Vaino Maxi, 50. ...... 40,
Karl ]. Malmstrom, South
Bend. Ind. ...... 4.N
Collected by H. Nummi, New
Rochelle, N.Y.-H. Nummi,
50; E. Christenen. Csc; w.
Wingvist, soc; M. Maxi,
SOC; J. johnson, Coo. ..... 49,
Collected by Paul Du Val,
Val, 81; F. Palmer, 81; M.
Keller, 81 ............... 3.0'
Workers of Spear Mfg. Co.,
City 3.5(
Bessie Baylin, Bronx, 2B.... 3.0t
Street Nucleus No. 80, Chi
cage, Ill. ...... 3.0I
Collected by H. Lappin, City.
David Lappin, 25c;
David Goldberg 25c; J.
Ale, SOC; F. M. Lonephlis.
soc; N. Serge, 81; c. APP
plebaum, Csc; II. Lappin,
75c. Total ............ 3.5t
Collected BY Steve Bosneck,
Toledo, Ohio.-A. Millich,
ST.; George Hillebrant, 81;
Leo Veggis, 81. Total. -. S.0(
Rebecca Lomazoff, Bronx,
N. Y. 2.0(
Louis Losnan, City .-...... 2.0(
S. Anti, Detroit, Mich. 49,. 2.0(
Beatrice Alter. Bronx. NY. zoo
Collected by Edith Pintzuk,
Phila., Par. Weissman,
SO; Daniel Weissman, Csc;
Herbert Weissman Csc; M.
Feldman, 25c. Total -. 2.7S
D. Mccarthy and T.C.J., City 2.0(
A. Harrington, Detroit, Mich. zoo
B. J. Kapeton, Detroit, Mich. 2.0t
John Repa, Uuakertown, Pa. 2.ot
]. NJ, City 2.0t
Frank Grainor, City ...... 2.2s
Collected by M. Holm, Por-
chester, N. Y.-M. Holm,
soc; LENA, Csc; A. Lala-
ma, Csc; c. d. Gregoris,
25c; B. Pasanani, Csc; T.
Tchaheikka, 25c; ]. Frel-
rikson, Csc; H. Hrkko, 24c;
M. Kankala, 10c; P. Fred
nickson. SC. Total ...... 2.3s
Helen Habose, Detroit, Mich. zoo
G. Hogstrom, Woodhaven.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-02-13

The proIetarian movement f.
the self-c . . = o = =, Independent
movement Of the Immense major
festeh