The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-12-04

technique, as also in regard to the hopelessness
of the peasants position so long a. the old
methods of cultivation were retained. BY the
ioap of tractors and machinery and the in
fsttution of tractor-stations, by the organiza-
ton of common cultivation, by the establish
ment and promotion of the collective farms,
and finally, by an all-round support of the
peasant farms by the collective estates, timely
aid was provided. 1t is the first time in the
history Of the world that power has arisen,
the power of the 'Sovets, which has proved by
deeds it's willingness and its ability to render
systematic and continual aid to the working
masses OF the peasantry in their work of pro-
duction. 1t is not obvious that the working
masses of the peasantry, who have for so many
years been suffering from a lack of implements
and the general wherewithal of their activity
will eagerly seize this aid and join in the move
ment towards collective farming? And can
it be considered wonder that the old slogan
of the working class, Face to the VILLAGE"
should possibly even be supplemented by
slogan on The part of the. collective farmers,
Look Towards the Cities?"
The tremendous success in the development
of collective farms, finally, is the outcome of
the fact that the progressive workers of our
country have taken this matter in hand, | am
speaking Of the working brigades scattered in
hundreds ove- the main areas of our country.
1t must be admitted that among all the pos
sible propagandists for collective farming the
very best from the point of view of their sue
cess among the peasant masses are the worker
propagandsts. Can it still be wondered at
that the workers have succeeded in convinc-
ing the peasants of the merits of collective
farming in comparison with small individual
farms, especially seeing that the existing col
lective and Soviet farms are an eloquent illus
tration of such advantages? 1t is in this way
that our success in the direction of construct
ing. collective farms possible, success
which must be regarded as the most important
and most decisive of any in the last few years.
The objections of Scientists" to the POSSIBLE
ity and advisability of an organization of great
grain factories with $4,000 to 100000 hectares
of land, have proved futile For the capitalist
countries with their private landed property
rights, the organization of great grain factories
is impossible without the purchase of land
the. payment of absolute rent, which would
greatly burden production. For US, no such
restrictions obtain, neither absolute rent nor
the purchase and sale of land, since we have
no private landed property rights Therefore
there are more favorable conditions for the
development of large grain farms.
In the capitalist countries, the large grain
farming enterprises serve the purpose of at
tanning maximum of profit or at any rate
such profit corresponds to the so-called
average rate of profit. In our case, on the
other hand, the big grain estates, which are
State property, require neither maximum pro-
fits nor average profits for their development
but can restrict themselves to profit minimum
or at times manage without any profit at ALL
another fact conducive to advantageous condi-
tions for the development of such large scale
cultivation.
Finally, the capitalists have neither special
credit facilities nor yet special taxation ameni-
ties for their large grain-producing estates,
Whereas under the Soviet order of things, which
favors the Specialization of the land, there are
AMI will always be such privileges.
The lie has been given to all the assertions
of the Right opportunsts (Bukharin group,
to the effect that the peasants will not join the
collective estates, that the accelerated rate of
development of the collective estates can but
call forth discomfort among the masses and a
separation of the peasantry from the working
class, that the "great highroad' of Socialist
development in the rural districts is formed
not by the collective farms but by the co-opera-
tives, and that through the creation of collective
farms and the attack on the capitalist elements
in the villages the country might easily be left
without bread. All this has proved untrue and
fallen to pieces, like the old bourgeois liberal
rubbish it is.
The peasants have joined the collective farms
whole villages and districts at a time. The
mass movement of collective farming does not
weaken, but rather strengthens, the alliance
of the working peasants and furnishes them
with new productive basis. Now even the
blind must recognize that the peasants are
turning to the new collective farms and that
if there is any serious discomfort among the
peasantry, it is not because of the collective
farming policy of the Soviet authorities but