Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-07
.PAPAL AIDES CALL
|. ST|RS SPECULATION
Future of U. S..Vatican ReIa-
tions Is Discussed in
Official Circles.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The action Of President Hoover in re-
ceiving Mgr. FIimasconi Biondi, apos-
tolic delegate in the United States, at
the White House last week has revived
speculation in oficial and diplomatic
| circles regarding the status Of Ameri-
can-Vatican relations.
There has been considerable discus
sion In these circles over the fact that
Mgr. Biondi delivered to the President
| copy OF the Lateran treaty recently
signed between the Vatican and Italy,
in which the latter recognized the SOW
ereignty Of the Papal State.
Called Customary Visit.
The visit was described in Catholic
circles here as the customary visit
! which the delegate pays after the Presi-
| dent assumes ONCE. Mgr. Biondi, who
has been in Rome In connection with
the Mexican church settlement almost
/ continuously since March 4, does not
have any diplomatic rank which is rec
ognized by the American Government.
While the visit itself was emphasized
in high administration circles to indi-
cate no intention Of recognition of the
Vatican by the United States, it was
said at the State Department today
there is no doubt that the United States
now is officially aware of the existence
of the sovereignty Of the Vatican.
The department. so far as it could be
learned in the absence Of Secretary
Stimson and other high officials, did not
arrange the call Of Mgr. Blond at the
White House.
Not Held Significant.
American oficials in italy fully In
formed the department of the progress
Of the Lateran treaty negotiations while
they took place recently in Rome and
the delivery of the copy Of the! treaty
to the President by Mgr. Biondi was not
regarded as significant by most depart
ment officials
Heretofore the Washington Govern
ment has been extremely cautious In
avoiding diplomatic incidents which
might lead to tntimations Of recognition
Of q state which the United States did
not desire to recognize.
Several years ago, Foreign Minister
Tchitcherin Of Russia sent cablegram
direct to the White House suggesting
the opening Of negotiations looking to-
ward the establishment of relations be-
tween the United States and the Soviet
Charles Evans Hughes. then Secretary
of State, did not reply directly to the
Tchitcherin note. but made the attitude
of the United States known through a
public statement. The State Depart
ment had decided that in this way
It would avoid suggestions Of de facto
recognition Of Russia, which might fol-
low communications passing between
the Washington and Moscow govern
nentS.
Revolution Stand Is Cited.
In cases where revolutionary parties
have sent missions to Washington dur
constantly maintained policy of non
recognition of the special commits
sioners," as they are usually designated,
There are two kinds of recognition
between governments. One Is de jure"
recognition, which is formal and usu-
ally includes the exchange of diplo-
matte representatives. On the other
in which the sovereignty of state Is
recognized by the singing out Of
particular fact. Oficials Of the State
Department, in illustrating "de tacto"
recognition, used the hypothetical case
Of an American citizen becoming In
volved In the aftermath Of q revolt IN
another country Although the United
States might not give "de ture" recog-
milton to this government. the Ameri-
can representative might appeal to the
new administration to fully protect
American lives and property. In the
opinion Of international lawyers, this
recognition Of police powers would con-
stitute ode facto" recognition.
There was a decided impression In
official and diplomatic circles, however;
that there is no intention on the part
of the washington Government to send
a representative to the Vatican. Some
80 wears ago the United States sent 9
charge d'affaires to the Holy See ana
three other representatives followed In
the nosition or as niinisters-resident
until italy annexed the Vatican state
20 years later.