davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11

Court and. like Mr.. Root. interest him.
self in the possibility of arranging for
American membership.
Whether or not the United States
adheres to the Court, the Government
at Washington possesses the inalienable
right to submit cases to the jurisdiction
of the tribunal. Two groups of states
are entitled to appear before the Court.
The first comprises members of the
League of Nations and the states men,
toned III the League covenant, of which
the United States is one. The second
group includes those states which took
no part in the preparation of the peace
Of 1919 and which also were not
enumerated in the peace treaties as
being invited to become members of
the League of Nations.
Judgments Are Binding.
These states also may appear before
the Court, but on the Condition of
specifically declaring that they accept
as binding the judgment to be given
in the suits submitted.
Many states have signed what is
called the compulsory arbitration clause
OF the Court by which certain disputes
OF a Jurldlcal nature are submitted and
the Slgnatory states agree to accept
without demur the Courts decision.
This compulsory jurisdiction of the
Court Is rapidly increasing in volume. 1t
arises either under conventions con-
cluded between two state or under
general treaties signed by many states
The difficulty in the way of American
adhesion to the Court was based on the
fifth reservation. The Court can give no
advisory opinions. without the consent
of the United States, on matters in
which the United States has or claims
an interest"
Root Hopeful of U. S. Accord.
It is the present custom of the Council
or the League of Nations to ask the
Court for advisory opinions in connec-
ton with disputes between nations
Usually the Council insists on unanimity
when asking these opinions and pre-
sumably this custom of insisting upon
unanimity among the members will be
continued.
If unanimity is adhered to, the United
States, by being temporarily represented
on the Council, could exercise It's desired
right to veto. Evidently, if simple
majority vote Suficed. an American
veto might be imperative.
BY the formula he has submitted Mr..
Root steers away from the question of
unanimity or majority by devising a
system of consultation on individual
cases as they arise. He is convinced
that the United States and the League
can reach accord in virtually every in
stance on the basic question of whether
the United States really possesses an
interest and whether an American OBJ
lection to an advisory opinion requested
should be sustained
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
WOMAN WILLS CHURCH
AND HOSPITAL FUNDS
Relatives of Mary c. Priest Also
Are Named in Document as
Beneficiaries.

The will of Mary Charlotte Priest,
who died February q, filed for probate,
leaves 500 to All Souls Church for its
pew fund and gives $500 to the Mont
gomery County Hospital to furnish
room to be designated in the name of
the National Park Seminary.
A bequest of $4,000 is made to her
sister, Ida Tulloch Priest, and premises
1902 Decatur street is devised to her
nephew. William Tulloch Thompson.
Henry P. Blair is to held in trust $40 1000
and to pay the income to her sister,
Alice P. Maggie, during her lifetime. On
the death of the sister. the fund be-
comes part of the residue of the estate.
Another sister, Myra p. Thompson, is
to have $4,000, and legacies of 81 1000
each are made to niece, Margaret E.
Thompson, and nephew, Dudley W.
Thompson. Books, furniture and per-
sonal belongings are to be distributed
among her nieces and nephews. The
remaining estate is to be distributed
among the nieces and nephews, Agnes
C. Ewell, Margaret E. Thompson, Rob-
bert NJ. William T. and Dudley W..
Thompson.
Attorney Henry P. Blair is named as
executor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
GUARDS At VATICAN
GET NEW FREEDOM
Corps Dignity Is Increased
by Signing of Accord
With Italy.
BY the Associated Press.

by the associated Press.
ROME, March 1.-THE famous
Swiss Guards. guardians of the person
and property of the Pope, are brought
into yet greater dignity and i'm
portance by the signing of the Italo-
Vatican accord for the settlement of
the Roman question.
Faithful military servitors for CEN
turtles, the Swiss Guards will have vet
more duties and more important func-
tons to perform now that the Pope
Is made an independent sovereign of
the Vatican territory. In all proba-
bility the slender body of the guards
VIII be greatly augmented to patrol the
papal possessions granted the Pope by
the agreement.
When the Pope travels. as he now
may do, body Of the Swiss Guards
may go with him from city to city.
Rejoice in New Freedom.
The guards are rejoicing in their new
freedom. For SO years they have been
cooped up in the Vatican grounds,
living on the memories of the more
famous past of their corps. Once they
were not only the police, as It were,
OF the Vatican, but the flower of the
papal army protecting the papal pos
sessions, which then comprised good
portion of Central Italy. Now they
are reduced to 100 men, including
their six officers.
The Swiss Guards probably are the
most picturesque military corps in the
world. Every guard has the rank of
sergeant in the regular troops. The
nf "a dc he
colonel. They have their own chap
lain and chapel, built in the sixteenth
century.
The guards 60 about fully armed.
They keep in condition by constant
playing of foot ball in their field, the
Cortile del Belvedere.
Come After Noble Guard.
In public professions the Swiss
Guards come Immediately after the
Noble Guard. Being the personal body
guard OF the Pontiff. 1t supplies six
of its number to surround him when
ever he is seated on his sedia gesta-
toria. These six are armed with large
double handed swords. They are on
duty night and day.
The guards have, on the whole, an
easy time of it. After 10 years service
they may retire on half pay. After
IS years service they may retire on
fve-sixths pay and after 80 years on
full pay. Any guard may leave the
corps at any time after three months
notice.
The Swiss Guards come from the
two cantons of Zurich and Lucerne.
Switzerland. In 1905 Pope Julius II
made treaty with these provinces
whereby they were to supply him reg
ularly with bodyguard of $50 men.
American visitors to the Vatican find
the guards among the most colorful
bits of atmosphere" about the enor-
nous palace They still wear their
uniform, designed by Michelangelo
himself, of black red and yellow. On
night watch or in barracks, however,
they wear knee breeches, dark blue
stockings and blue undress uniform.
On solemn occasions they glisten with
weapons and helmets.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
RADIO REHEAR|NG
PLEA IS DENIED
District Court of Appeals Re-
ieCts Motion of Commits
sion in WGY Case.

The District of Columbia Court of
Appeals has denied motion of the
Federal Radio Commission for rehear-
ing of the appeal of the General Elec-
trio Co. of Schenectady. N. Y, which
operates Station WGY on a wave of 100
kilocycles, which was recently decided
against the commission. The court also
refused an application of counsel for
the commission to stay the courts man.
date to afford opportunity to apply to
the United States Supreme Court for
writ of review of the decision.
Unless the highest court should take
action on an application of the COM
mission before Saturday the mandate
will be sent to the Federal Radio Com
mission on that date directing 1t to
set aside Its action attempting to limit
the time for broadcasting by Station
WGY, which had been directed to close
down at sunset on the Pacific Coast, so
as not to conflict with Station KGO.
at Oakland.
Among the points made by Assistant
Attorney General B. NJ Webster. jr.,
and Louis G. Caldwell Of counsel for
the commission are that the court rem
dered its decision in advance of the
filing of the appellee's brief on the
merits and without having before it
any answer to brief filed by the ap-
pellants and that it overlooked the
commissions contention that none of
the appeals were taken within the 90
day limit set by the radio act. The
court also acted under the misappre-
hension, it was stated, that the COM
mission had power to issue licenses for
broadcasting stations for a maximum
period of three years when the amend
ment to the radio act limits such
licenses to three months.
The court also overlooked, counsel
contend, that as applied to broadcasting
stations the standard of public interest
convenience or necessity is compare
tive and not an absolute matter. AS a
result of the decision, it is claimed, the
court has passed on comparative rights
of large number of other broadcasting
stations without having any evidence
before it on which to base its decree
In reaching its finding the court relied,
it is charged, on two conclusions of fact,
neither of which is supported by evil
dence, and one Of which is wholly re-
futed by the record.
The commission also takes exception
to the assessing against its members the
cost of the appeal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
BLIND SHOW TALENT
IN STORY WRITING
Contest for Best Tale Is
Won by West Vir-
ginia Boy.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, March l1.-Blind chill
dren all over the United States con-
tinue to show talents for short-story
writing, according to the New York
Association for the Blind, which has
just concluded its third annual Short
story contest.
This year the $50 Liberty bond, given
annually to the winning short-story
writer by Thomas S. McLane, treas
urer of the association, will go to
Frank Chapman. 14-year-old student
of the Ohio State School for the Blind,
whose home is In Wellsburg, w. Va.
The story is narrative of animal
friendship called 1.-THE Mourning of the
Wolves" and will be published in the
Sarchlight, the associations quarter
ly for children. Young blind readers
of the Searchlight from all parts of
the world submitted stories.
Judges in the contest were Mrs Dor
othy Garfield Fisher, Will Irwin and
Miss Virginia Kirkus. head of the chill
dren's department of Harper's.
This contest, the first of its kind
ever held for young blind children, was
started to stimulate the imagination
and creative faculties of the sightless,
who are seeing" the world with their
on the type of story to be written, and
manuscripts received included fam
tastes, adventure stories and romance
Honorable mention was given to Jo-
sephine Pebbles of Cleveland, Margaret
Purdue of the Indiana School, Atlanta: ;
Roger Warren Of the New York Insti-
tuition for the Instruction of the Blind,
and Wenona Letter OF the Florida
State School for the Blind, st. Angus
tine.
THE fact that adventure stories pre-
dominated in the manuscripts seems to
bear out the psychologists theory that
people seek in their imaginations ex-
preston of their unfulfilled dreams"
said Mr.. McLane. Impressions made
through the senses of hearing and smell
are far keener in these short stories
than they would be If sighted children
wrote them, and small details that the
eye would see are lacking. But the
stories show the same healthy love of
life and adventure as would any other
stories"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
DISTRICT BUILDING
ABUZZ OVER SELECTION
OF HESSE'S SUCCESSOR

Continued From First Pagel
tremely doubtful II young enough
man could be found who would take
the position at the salary Of $4,000
year.
Unless retired for physical disability,
the youngest man obtainable probably
would be 48 to SO years old, Col. Ladue
said. and retirement for physical dis
ability. even though making younger
men eligible. would be serious handi-
cap to any aspirant for Job that calls
for such a strain on physical endtlr-
ance.
While Col. Ladue would not go so
far as to say that man of that age
would be unsuited for the job, he in
Dictated that the figures he gave were
the absolute minimum and that any
candidates that appear probably would
be older.
He said that he was sure that Mai.
Dawson would not consider the job.
Nobody yet has approached him IN
behalf of any candidate, Col. Ladue
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
EXPERTS CONSIDER
LEAGUE ARMS CURB
Military and Naval Leaders
Discuss Plan to Control
War Material.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
GENEVA, March 11-Military and
naval experts assembled today to dis
cuss control of manufacture Of arms
and war material in the League Of
Nations program seeking a preliminary
solution for the problem of international
disarmament.
Despite numerous meetings of dele
gates, no agreement yet has been
reached on a draft convention, this
mainly because countries differ as to
the amount of publicity to be given
ornaments.
Hoping to tackle the difficulty from
new angle. the Belgian delegation
recently submitted an entirely new
classification of ornaments. This new
scheme affects the wording and tenor
of the whole convention and discus
sion of its terms faced the experts
today.
When the experts have completed
their work, the League of Nations will
summon session of the entire COM
mittee of ornaments control, OF which
Count Won Bernstorff, former German
Ambassador to the United States, is
chairman.
Great Britain and the United States
have the largest delegation here. The
Americans are Capt. George Washing
ton Steele, naval attache to the Amer
lean embassy. Paris; Maj. Charles G.
Mettler, assistant military attache. Lon
don; Maj. Barton K. Yount. assistant
military attache for air. Paris, and
Consul Elbridge D. Rand Of Geneva,
as counselor.
Vice Admiral w. A. Kelly, who soon
will assume second in command Of
the British Mediterranean Fleet, was
elected president.
The Belgians today made known
a desire for treaty control of manu-
facture of arms. Complications of
classification, they said, Numbered con-
troll by convention
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
WASHINGTON TAKES LEAD
IN SALES OF RADIO SETS
Figures for 1928 Show Larger
Volume Than in Any Other
of 10 Cities.

Sales Of radio sets per dealer in
Washington topped all other cities in
the United States during 1923. eclipsing
the average dealer sales of the nearest
State by nearly $4,000, according to
figures made public today by the Com
merce Department.
Sixteen radio dealers in the Capital
averaged sales of $4,000 during the
year, with total sales volume of $780,
OLA. Questionnaires were sent out by
the department to lit local radio deal
ers, but returns were made by only Is.
Sets operated from alternating current
showed great increase in sales over
the sales of battery-operated sets during
1928, alternating current sets totaling
1898 units against 1874 sales of battery
operated sets. Nearly half the radio
business transacted during the year was
done in the last quarter of the year,
sales for October, November and De-
cember, 1928, aggregating 1929, 839.
The national survey taken by the de-
partment showed that the average value
per set sold in 1928 was $1585O. COM
pared with 1921 in 1927. while the VOL
ume of business per dealer averaged
$4,000 last year, compared with Sill
$50 the previous year. Dollar volume
OF business during the last three months
OF the year amounted to s37,975.O15, or
53i2 per cent of the total volume of
business for the year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
RUNNING TIME TO BE CUT.
Northern Pacific to Change Sched-
ule to Pacific Northwest.

ST. PAUL, Mimi, March IL R.-
Reduction in passenger TRAIN running
time to the Pacific Northwest to meet a
contemplated cut of five hours by the
Great Northern, was announced today
by Charles M. Donnelly, president of
the Northern Pacific.
The announcement did not specify a
date for the start Of the new schedule,
but the inference was given that 1t
would take effect about the same time
as the change in the Great Northerns
schedule. The latter roads announce
ment Saturday said the change would
be made ''early this Summer"
The proposed new schedules call for
a run of approximately So hours between
Chicago and the Pacific Northwest,
against the present time of about SO
hours
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
PAY RESPECTS TO GOOD.

Most of the military attaches of for
eign embassies and legations in this
CITY called in a body at the War De-
partment this morning in full uniform
and paid their official respects to Secre-
tary James w. Good.
Brig. Gen. Augusta Villa of Italy, who
mas been here since August, 1925, and Is
the senior military attache, headed the
line. The others were: Col. l.. Fl. r.
Fope-Hennessey, Great Britain; Col
Jose Urdaniva Gines. Peru; Brig. Gen.
Raymond Casanave, France; Col Hisao
Watari and Capt. N. Obata, Japan
Comdr. Silvio Scaroni, Italy; Col Angel
M. Zuloago, Argentina: Capt Enrique
Prieto, Cuba; Maj. George Thenault
France; Col. Sarnel C. Rojas, Mexico
Capt. John T. Godfrey, Great Britain,
nd Capt. Juan Beristain, Mexico.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
CH|CAG0ANS WANT |
TOQU|z AL CAPONE |
Federal Courts Give Gang
King Week to Answer
Official Summons.
BY OWEN L. SCOTT.

CHICAGO, March 11.-President
Hoover's forthcoming law enforcement
commission might come here a little
later and receive full course of in
struction through one character study.
This town itself was expecting to
learn some intimate details of the pro-
hibition problem during the present
week. But the Observation-Disclosures
Capone, one of the city's most widely
known individuals-was indisposed
Federal courts have given him one
more week in which to answer a SUBJ
poena.
Rather Balky, 1t Seems.
Capone, once he could be induced
to talk, would be an invaluable teach
err to any legal commission. That's why
Chicago would like to hear from him.
He balks at obliging, however.
This reputed king of the underworld
sort OF an uncrowned sovereign OF
the supposed super government of crime
through all his years of activity never
has been arrested on formal charge.
and prides himself on never having
been in jail
Yet he pridefully admits that he has
supplied Chicago with its liquor and
gambling. 1t discourages him because
this activity, which he dubs public
service, has not been more appreciated.
Scarface Is Undisturbed.
Most of the 81 killings that have &C.
cured in the beer war here during the
past five years have been linked di-
rectly or indirectly by the police to
the Capone name. Yet Scarface Al
himself scarcely has been disturbed at
any time.
Newspapers publicly have declared
that part Of the police force of the
city works for the pleasant Alphonse
but nothing ever has been done about
it. Likewise, 1t frequently has been pub
liShed that Capone set up a residence
in Florida in order to avoid the $780,.
600 Christmas presents which were an
annual offering to local politicians.
Massacre Traced Through Aides.
Virtually all theories being followed
to explain the Valentines day massacre
of seven Bugs" Moran gangsters on
North Clark street here trace through
to Capone henchmen. Even the theory
that the police did that piece of kill
ing Is based on an assertion that these
reputed coppers were working for the
underworld lord.
1eG uUtlllIS Is uUilc dUOut ~. iN
Federal Government wants to question
"Scarface Az about the Chicago Heights
liquor ring. They reached him with
subpoena and he politely moves to dis
regard it. This move is not being
accepted by the court, however, and the
experience of Big Joe Salts. a relatively
minor beer baron, leads to the belief
that Capone will be back in town next
week.
Keeps Heavy Guards
Capone told the court that 1t would
be dangerous for him to come back.
In the past, he has travelled with
bodyguard composed OF as many as 70
men. Travelling to court he might be
less well protected.
When he makes his appearance the
proposed Acknowledgement commission
probably could learn their principal
lesson from a discovery of how an indi-
vidual, starting pretty much from
scratch, could build up an organiza-
ton outside the law that completely
Haunted Federal, State and local legal
machinery.
Copyright. 1927
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
ROOTS PERSONALITY WINS.
ADMIRATION. OF DELEGATES
American Statesman Con-
quers Geneva With Visions
for World Court.
Experts Begin Study of Stat
utes With View of U. S.
Entry.

| BY the Associated fresS.
GENEVA, March 1.-THE personality
and vision of the American statesman,
Elihu Root, who begins today with in
ternational jurists to frame protocol
defining conditions Of American ad-
! hesion to the World Court Of Justice,
are attracting as much attention as his
mission itself.
Mr.. Root may be said to have con-
quered Geneva and all luminarles OF
, international political life who conferred
with him during the recent session OF
! the Council of the League of Nations.
/ Cesar Sumeta. Venezuelan member OF
! the Council. yesterday said of the Amer
| lean: His lofty moral sense is repre-
sentative of the best Americanism: North
or South, which brings us all con-
| fldence."
Statute Revision Is Studied.
The original task of Mr.. Root was
| to cooperate with the other jurists to
revise the statutes of the World Court,
but their mandate was enlarged by the
Council Saturday to include the entire
question of American adhesion with the
power to liquidate the complicated prob
lem of American rights in connection
with advisory opinions of the court.
The business Of revision before Mr.
Root and his fellow juridical experts
from other countries is al study of the
World Court statutes to determine
whether they have become antiquated
and whether like other international
institutions, they have need of being
brought into harmony with modern
times and modern necessities. The best
guess hazarded last night was that the
statutes have well stood the test of
time, and that little modification was
necessary.
There is. however, the question of in
creasing the number of judges of the
court, the question of their salary and
the question of the conditions under
which they live at The Hague. There is
also the question of the period of their
residence. The work of the court Is
increasing because nations are submit
ting to it an increasingly large num-
Der of cases which involve international
law.
The World Court" the real name of
which is 1.-The Permanent Court of In
ternational Justice, was, like the League
of Nations, born of the Great War. Re-
Gently the court was described as "a
kind of synthesis of ancient and modern
times and of the Old and New World,
and as striking instance of the deeply
rooted community of ideas between all
the peoples of the world"
Appeal to U. S. Ideals Seen.
It also has been styled powerful in
strument of peace and good will be-
tween nations, capable of bringing to-
gether parts of mankind which are
showing tendency to drift apart. 1t
is, therefore. regarded as an institution
which naturally appeals to American
ideals.
The present Court is composed of Is
judges, II ordinary and 4 deputies.
Charles E. Hughes, former Secretary of
State, was elected last September as a
permanent justice to fill the unexpired
term OF Judge John Bassett Moore,
also an American, who resigned Mr..
Hughes Is expected soon to make his
first appearance on the bench of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-11
PLAN NONSTOP FLIGHT.
NEW YORK TO HAVANA
Pilot McMillin and Mexican Banker
Enthusiastic Aviator to Hop
OFF This Week.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
SYRACUSE, N. Y, March 11.-Clif-
lord E. Mcmillan. former Syracuse pilot,
and Joaquin G. Pacheco, Mexican bank
er and aviation enthusiast, will attempt
the first nonstop flight from New York
10 Havana some time this week, they
announced upon their arrival here. The
myers, who made an unsuccessful at
tempt at a nonstop fight from Mexico
CITY to Washington 10 days ago, were
en- route to Detroit, where repairs were
10 De MADE on their plane.
Inc myers plan to return to New York
Immediately after minor repairs are
mace 10 Their plane and prepare for the
Cuban flight.