Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-06-23
TARIFF PRINCIPLE
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Senator shortridge Says
Washington, Lincoln and
!, Hoover Agree on Protection.
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theory, he claimed, would bankrupt
America" destroying agricultural, man
.alfacturing and mining industries.
. With the high cost OF production
IN the United States he asserted that
I'VE cannot compete even in our own
home market with other. countries"
without the aid of protective tariff.
which properly adjusted to conditions
benefits both city and farm and gives
Profitable employment to all"
/, Senator Shortridge spoke as follows:
Ladies and gentlemen, far and near,
who do me the honor Of listening:
Nou-and necessarily briehy-in regard
tos tariff legislation and in particular
TO the tariff bill now under considers
lion. by the Senate committee on H.
nance. Section of article of the
Constitution of the United States
provides: "All bills for raising revenue
shall originate N the House Of Repre-
Sentatives; but the Senate may propose
or concur with amendments as on other
bills" Since one of the purposes Of
imposing tariff duties on importations
is to raise revenue, bill for that pur-
pose must originate in the House OF
Representatives.
Such bill was introduced in the
House Of Representatives, passed that
body and. as stated, Is now under con-
Sideration by the Senate committee on
finance, of which committee ] have. the
honor to be member. This Senate
committee consists of 10 Senators-11
Republicans and Democrats. When
this committee shall have finished its
1abors the bill will be reported to the
! Senate, and doubtless it will be reported
- a. Rkry.
discussion, the bill passes the Senate,
i as I am assuming it will, it will be
sent to conference. The conferees,
made up of certain number of Sen
tatorS and a certain number OF men,
sbers of the House Of Representatives,
viii meet and seek to agree as to any
differences that may then exist between
Assuming that the conferees reach
agreement. they win report TO the sew
tseral bodies and If the conferees' report
IS adopted by the two bodies, the House
and the Senate, the bill win then 60
to the President for his approval or
disapproval. If he approves he will
sign the bin and 1t win be the law.
1t. whereupon 1t win be returned to the
House of Representative where 1t
originated. If, after reconsideration,
two thirds Of the House passes the bill
it will be sent to the Senate, and II,
after consideration, two-thirds Of the
Senate passes the bin It win become
the law without the Presidents ap-
nroval. -,
I have said that one of the purposes
OF a tariff bill is the raising Of revenue
needed to carry ON the Government, but
we have other things than revenue in
mind when enacting q tariff law. Ex-
pressed IN the fewest words, there are
two theories as to tariff legislation,
the "free trade" or tariff for revenue
stective tariff" theory.
The free trade theory says: Buy
where you can buy the cheapest--be 1t
in Asia, Europe or other foreign coun-
try. Duties on imports should be dxeSf
for purposes Of revenue only, with pos
Sible incidental protection"
The American protective tarin theory
says: Duties on imports should be
fixed, not only for purposes Of revenue,
but also to protect and encourage
American labor in the factory, in the
mine and on the farm-to protect
American men and women who labor
IN. any and all branches Of American
industry" and one Of the greatest
American industries Is agriculture
Gorge Washington believed in, the
American protective tariff theory, and
so did Abraham Lincoln and succeed
ing Republican Presidents, and so does
President Hoover, and so does the Re.
publican party, and so do I.
The second law enacted by Congress,
approved by Washington July 4. 1899
Gao years ago) was q genuine Ameri:
can protective tariff law The purposes
of tariff were briefly, but very clearly,
stated in section of that act. which
reads: whereas 1t is necessary for the
support of Government, for the dis
charge Of the debts Of the United States
and the encouragement and protection
of manufactures, that duties be laid on
goods. wares and merchandise i'm
ported"
I beg 10 observe that the reasons for
/ .levying duties on imported goods. wares
and merchandise, set out In the first
tariff act by Washington and his great
compatr1otS, were economically sound
then and they are economically sound
today.
Keep these reasons steadily In mind
Tariff duties are levied on imports TO
raise money to support the Government,
/ TO pay the national debt and to protect
and encourage American industries Of
all kinds, agricultural, mining and
manufacturing.
Now, the cost of the Federal Govern
ment is necessarily large Our national
debt Is over $4,000, 000, 600. And the
ASo1 VA RkO00StAOl1 JA1G OD1GGQ 0batSS
Is such that We cannot compete even in
our own home market with other coun-
tries. L.. 81
Manufactures, mining, agriculture
each Is an American industry, and the
products of each should be adequately
protected from competition with the
products Of cheap and poorly paid for
with our scale of wages and stand
ard Of living we cannot compete even
IN our own market with the products
of cheap labor OF. other and less happy
, countries. Ts'e.
A tariff properly adjusted to condi-
lions benefits both city and farm and
gives profitable employment to all.
! Whether the tariff. act Of 1922-the
existing LAWS to be amended" OF
s'revised," it. is perfectly manifest that
certain products Of the American farm
the American mine and the American
shop need additional protection. It Is
equally manifest that certain importa-
tons now on the free list should be
subjected to tariff duties.
What the American people want is q
tariff that protects.
Protects what?
Protects whom?
They want tariff that protects
American raised, American mined
erican-manufactured products and
American men and women from COM
petition with like foreign products
raised, mined or manufactured by chear
foreign labor.
i They. want q tariff that keeps the
American market for the American pro-
ducer.
!, Such a tariff means prosperity fol
all-American producer ana American
consumer alike.
Such q tariff makes the city q profit.