davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23

their eyes.
"Ten hours, did you say, super
intendent, that these women and
children work here?" "Yas," replied
the man, chats nothin'. ? The chill
dren on the night shift work eleven
hours; work keeps 'em out of mis-
chief and gives 'em money to spend"
Another-Worse.
The man invited me to go to the
next floor to see the next process in
cotton cloth making. Instead, 1 went
out and over to the Olympia Mills.
Maybe, I thought, conditions will be
better there. The Olympia mill is the
largest in the world, producing fine
cotton cloth.
1t has $4,000 spindles, and en-
ploys three thousand men and wo-
men and some five hundred chill
dren Today, all the mills in South
Carolina have merged their inter-
ests, and I expect all in the South,
and are running under one control.
l spoke of this to the superintendent.
eff the cotton mills of America can
merge and form a trust of manu-
facturers, why should not the mill
workers organize into one big, in
dustrial union, and when they strike,
strike all together? Surely, in time
this must take place for their pro-
lection"
I found the Olympia mill was like
unto the CRANKY on larger scale
l saw more STOPPING men, larger
number of stopping women, higher
percentage of little children, thick
err atmosphere of cotton lint, loud
er noise, more looms, more greasy
stairs, heavier machinery, more
painted windows, a severer discip-
line, and more unwholesome air of
discomfort and God forsakenness.
what wages do you pay" I
asked.
The man replied, $3.50 for skilled
men, 81 for women, and from 25 to
so cents for children. Wages have
advanced during the last ten years"
"And what of the advance in divi-
dends?" was on my tongue, but /
refrained.
Ito be Continued
Build Up the United Front of
the Working Class From the Bot
tom Up-at the EnterprisesI
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23

labor movement for the purpose of
winning the colored workers for the
idea of trade union and cooperation,
and should not be left without a
struggle to the mercies Of Bolshevist
and makers of revolutions"
In addition, the correspondent ad-
mits that the recent uprising of
desert tribes against the Persian
government is the result of British
intrigue.
"For some months there has been
a regular rcin of modern English
rifles in the encampments of the
wandering Kashgar and Bakhtir
tribes and in the bazaars of the
caravan towns. Even machine guns
have been sold at low prices. And,
furthermore, the sheiks of the dis
contented tribes suddenly have had
the money, with which to buy these
luxuries, despite their well-known
poverty"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23
Persian Oil Workers
Organize Militantly;
Britain Arms Rights"

The German socialist Vorwaerts
is greatly worried over the success
of Communist organizers in the new
industrial district in Persia. It's
special correspondent, writing fran
tically from Teheran, points out
that the building of refineries at
Abadan, on the Persian gulf, has
created an industrial population of
10000 who have recently conducted
militant strikes, and are organizing
on militant lines. The Vorwaerts
comments editorially:
Try to Mislead.
"Here is one of the most import
ant strategic points of Asia which
should be utilized by the European
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23
1900 TO zoo
AFTER CACH|N
HITS MINORITY
Anarcho Syndicalists
Entirely Defeated
wireless by Inpreccor)

PARIS, France, Sept. 22.-The
militant policy of the majority in
the central committee of the Confed-
GRAFTON Genarale de Travaille Uni
taire (the French militant trade
union center) was voted approval
Friday by 1900 against 200 votes
with only few abstentions, in one
of the dramatic moments of the
eighth session of it's Fifth Congress.
Marcel Cachin then delivered a
great speech, continually interrupt
ed by applause, when he declared
the Communist Party was the leader
of the revolutionary proletariat.
Vassard and Clifton also spoke for
the majority. The tremendous vote
for the majority policy represents
the defeat of the anarcho-syndical-
list elements and marks an import
ant stage in the French revolution
airy movement.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23
"COOPERATORS CUT WAGES.

LONDON (By MaiD.-The Coop
erative Wholesale Society is propos
ing to reduce the wages of wooden
weavers and winders at their Hebden
Bridge Mill. The local trades coun-
Gil will resist the attempt, declaring
existing wages are already too low.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23
UNDER REFORMIsT RULE.

BELFAST (By MaiD.-Police re-
fused to allow a collection to be
taken at a meeting during the trade
union congress here. Under the aus
pieces of the Irish Labor Defense
League, the meeting demanded the
release of class war prisoners.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23

Not only has the bourgeoisfs
forged the weapons that bring
death to itself, IT has also called
sAtO existence the men who are to
WELD those weapons-the modern
working cInss-the proletarisns.--
Karl Marx (COmmunixt Mnnifestol.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23

As far as i am concerned, 1 can't
claim to have discovered the ex-
istence of classes in modern society
or their strife against one another.
Middie-cIass historians long nEo
described the evolution of the class
struggles, and political economists
showed the economic physiology of
the classes. have added rs new
contribution the following PROPOSE
tons; - that the existence of
classes fs bound up with certain
phases of material production; %
that the class struggle leads neces-
sarily to the dictatorship of the
proletarfat; 81 that this Dictatorship
is but the transition 10 the abOit-
ton of all classes and to the cEe-
alton of a society of free and equal.
Marx.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-09-23
z WOMEN WERE
AT cleveland
UNITY MEETING
Reports on Textile and
Steel Given

There were 70 women delegates
at the T. U. U. L. Convention re-
Gently held in Cleveland. At the
special Womans Conference, many
of them spoke on conditions in their
industries.
Three delegates reported on the
textile industry, one from the South,
one from New Bedford, and one
from the rayon industry. They all
had similar stories to tell of starva-
ton wages, long hours, and dis
elimination against women work
ers. Most of the women in these
industries have homes and small
children to look after besides the
work in the shop. They are forced
to work by the small wages paid to
the men.
In the rayon industry, very young
girls are replacing men. Girls only
ID years old work Is hours a day
Wages are continually cut, either
directly or by some indirect method
The workers make less than they
did four years ago. The working
force has been cut in half, half Of
the workers being laid off and the
other half forced to do double work
One worker spoke particularly Of
the militancy of the women on the
picket line. She stated that womer
are more daring on the picket line
than the men, and show more in
itiative. She pointed out the neces
sity for special organizers for wo
men, as so per cent of the textile
workers are women with specla
problems.
The fellow-worker from New Bed
ford reported that there is a great
needs for women's education. The
women have been kept backward fol
so long they have many preJudices
With proper organizing work, she
is sure all the women can be brought
into the union, as many of them
already are. She also mentioned
that in many cases the husbands
hinder the wives from being active
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
Workers School Calls
For Volunteers Help
In Getting Into Action

The Workers School, which is
now getting into action on num-
Der Of campaigns, is asking for vol
untear help in its office work. The
election campaign, district agitprop
work and the preparation for a big
fall term have piled up the work
TO greater degree than the small
staff available can handle.
Unemployed comrades, comrades
on vacation, or any others who
know the slightest about office work
are asked to volunteer as much time
as they can. Please report to Com
lade Darcy on the fifth floor of the
Workers Center Immediately for
this purpose.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
Socialist Fights Negro Welcome for Gastonia
Equality Resolution at Strike Children Who
Teachers Union Meet Go to Camp Saturday

A group of Gastonia strikers chill
dren who will attend the Workers
international Relief camps at Wing
dale, N. Y. and Philadelphia, Pa.
will be officially welcomed Satur-
day at 2 p. m. at a celebration to
be held at the Unity Cooperative,
1900 Seventh Ave. 1t will also be
a party for the children and parents
of those who will leave Monday for
the Pioneer Camp at Wingdale.
An interesting program has been
arranged including the presentation
of the w. l. R. charter to the local
of the parents children that will be
organized at the meeting.
In addition to short addresses by
Gastonia children, other speakers
will be Ludwig Landay, national or
ganizer of the w. l. R.; Rose Pastor
Stokes, national camp director of the
W. l. R.; Harriet Silverman, secre-
tary N. Y. Local w. l. R. and Mary
Himoff, director, childrens' depart
ment Workers International Relief.
Refreshments will also be served to
all those present.
The parents of the children who
will leave for Wingdale on Monday,
should be at 1900 Seventh Ave. at
1880 a. m. Monday.
Registration for the camp will con-
tinue until Friday p. m. at the Of
flee of Local New York w. l. R.
Room 221, 799 Broadway.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
Trade Union Unity Call
Gives Organization Plan
TUEL Statement Outlines Method of Building
and Financing Cleveland Convention, Aug. 81
Continued from Page OneJ

powerful movement to organize the millions Of unorganized
workers in American industry!
The of capitalist exploitation upon the
becomes greater and intoerabe Speedup wage
cuts wretched working conditions enforced by the
ism OF the employers and the government the lot of the
workers. But great of workers. long quesen under
this ntensifyng exploitation beginning to fight
back The heroic struggles of the textile workers in the
South especially in Gastonia the battles Of the Miners and
the many manifestations of discomfort various other indus
tries significant signs of the spirit of resistance and
organization developing among the workers generally
1t is the great task of the T. u E. L. to organize and lead
these disconnected workers. The A. F. of L. leaders and
their aides of the socaled Music movement aim only at
taking the heart of the of the workers and
with their antquaed system of craft unosm and reach
policy of union management cooperation betray the
workers into the hands of their class enemies the employers
Only the Trade Union Educational League with policy
of class struggle and industrial unonsm effectively organ
zing and leading these workers against the employers The
Trade Union Unity Convention in Cleveland the great
centration point in this work of organization and struggle
The Cleveland Convention greeted with enthusiasm by the
militant elements throughout the working class will map out
general program 1t will further the work of building in
dustra unions the unorganized workers. it will unite
all militant forces of the old and unions into coordn
ating CENTER it will organize the struggle against capitalist
naturalization and for the shorter worweek higher wages
and social insurance; it will consider the complicated prob
lem of strike strategy will unite the workers forces
against the growing danger and against the A. F. of L.
Socialist Party trade union bureaucrats agents of Amer
Imperialism. The Trade Union Unity Convention, with
it's 1000 and delegates will be raying point for the
revolutionary and progressive rank and file workers. and
landmark in the history of the American labor movement
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
Poems hide
IN GEORGIA JAIL,
FE LyNCHlNCS
Tell More of Shotgun,
Lash and Terror

AMERICUS, Ga, July 4.--Fear-
ing lynching because they testified
against their plantation employer,
w. D. Arnold, who had held them
in feudal slavery for two years,
John Vanover, Negro farm hand,
and Claude King, his fellow-worker,
were forced to ask to be kept at
Athens Jail while the district court
here was not in session, it was re-
vealed at yesterdays hearings
against Arnold, who is charged with
keeping one white worker and sew
cral Negroes sin a condition of
peonagc and enforced servitude."
The evidence of Hanover and King
will be substantiated by several
other witnesses who will testify
against Arnold, who is one of the
wealthiest farmers in Webster
County.
Lashed His Slaves.
In their earlier evidence the two
workers had told how Arnold had
cnslaVed them Tor two years. often
forcing them to work at the point
of the gun, and, when King had
tried to escape, had him dashed on
the bare skin with four inch wide
leather strap.
Jack Dykes, one of the Negro
slaves, said that he had fled the
farm IN fear of his life. Warning
him not to tell of the whippings,
Arnold had threatened him with
gun repeatedly. A favorite method
Of torture used by Arnold was to
apply lighted match to the skin
of those he had lashed mercilessly,
other witnesses said.
Conclude Trial This Week.
The trial is expected to conclude
this week. Twenty more witnesses
against Arnold are to be heard, and
20 witnesses are to appear for Ar
mold, who is trying to pass off the
charges as being engineered by
Jealous neighbors."
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05

CHICAGO, July 4.-The Ameri-
can Federation of Teachers, meeting
here in the 18th annual convention,
is expecting a fight over the resolu-
ton urging equality of Negro ard
white teachers and pupils proposed
by the New York Local 5. DR..
Abraham Lefkowitz of New York,
socialist" and national vice-presi-
dent, FASTENED to assure the conven-
ton that the delegation had NO de-
sire to present a program that
would not be pleasing to the South.
A resolution recommending par
dons for the victims of the Cen
tralia frame-up end resolution OPP
posing the efforts of the war de-
partment to increase the number of
reserve officer training corps in the
public schools were also presented
by the New York local. All CT these
resolutions are expected to meet
with determined opposition from the
machine resolutions committee. 1t
is doubtful If they will even be pre-
sented for a vote.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
CALL FOR CZECH
HUNGARIAN WAR;
BORDER row on
Hands of France and
Britain Seen

CONTINUED from Page One)
countered with an ultimatum de-
handing the release of the spy sus.
pect before Friday. Both nations
are threatening to blockade the CO.
tire border.
Czechosloyakia Fumes.
The Czechoslovakian ministry is
tuning over the reply given to its
official protest by the Hungarian
foreign minister. 1t is regarded as
an arrogantly jingoistic document
and will be torn to bits at a special
cabinet meeting called for today.
Further arrests were reported. A
Hungarian farmer has been taken
into custody at Hidasnemeti on sus-
picion of having acted as the &C
complete of the station agent. At
the same time the Czech police
placed under arrest a Hungarian
architect and a catholic priest, al
legged TO be connected with a Hun
garien organization Of spies. This
move is interpreted as an attempt
Of the Czechs to obtain hostages in
order to speed the release of the
railway agent.
Beat War Drum.
The capitalist press in both ma
tions is whooping up the war frenzy
by demanding a mutual boycott and
the satisfaction" of national
honor" 1t is understood that
Czechoslovakia is determined to take
SHARP measures" if its ultimatum
on the release of the arrested worker
is not needed by tomorrow.
AS Hungary is under the influ-
ence of British Imperialism and
Czechoslovakia is bound by many
ties to the French capitalists, it is
pointed out that the present wrangle
is more than possibly an outgrowth
of the intense rivalry between these
two major imper!alist powers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
Italian Landslide Kills
Miner, Injuries Others

TRENTO, Italy, July 4.-Mariano
Matuzzi and Filippo Bats were
crushed to death and other miners
narrowly escaped today when a
landslide occurred in tunnel under
construction for a hydro-electric
plant on the River Noce.
Existing mine dangers are intensi-
fled by lack of precaution on the
part Of the mining interests under
Mussolini dictatorship, Italia n
miners say.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
Communist Activities
MANHATTAN


Downtown Unit 1, C.. Y. l..
A meeting will be held at p. m.
today at q E. Fourth st.
solidarity picnic for the benefit
Of the "Arbeiter," German Communist
newspaper, will be held Sunday at
Loeffler's Park Casino, 2061 West
chester Ave, Bronx Dramatic club
performances and songs, games and
dancing will be features of program.
Tickets may be obtained at rs Union
Square. Room sos.
Mass Red Rally.
Downtown Units and 2 OF the
Communist Youth League will hold
a mass rally at Second Ave. and 10th
st. at y. m. tomorrow.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
TERROR JAILS WORKER.

BUDAPEST (By MaiD. - Geza
Beck, a young butchers assistant
has been sentenced to six months i'm
prisonment for "a remark calculated
to bring the Hungarian nation into
contempt" Beck had made criti-
cal remark concerning the Hungarian
national anthem.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
HORTHY JAILS FARMER.

BUDAPEST (By Mail). = The
Budapest Criminal Court has sem
fenced a farmer named Matthias
Fabik to two months Imprisonment
for Indictment" The Indictment
consisted in remark of Fabik's that
Hungary and the Hungarian people
were better off under the Soviet Re-
public than they are today and that
he hoped to see the day when Bella
Kun would come back to Hungary
and take over the government again.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
Liberal Gestures.

ATLANTA, July 4.-The Ma
tional Education Association con-
tinued today to discuss with great
solemnity the problem of crime
among young people. William J.
Began, superintendent of Chicago
schools, claimed that the fault lay
with cynical adults who killed the
idealism of youth.
dorado Taft, Chicago sculptor,
spoke on Beauty in American Life, u
while Florence Hale of Augusta,
Me-, insisted that every child should
have pet and garden. How these
were to be obtained in crowded cit
les was not mentioned.
The "ideal" of equal pay for men
and women teachers was expressed,
hut no method was suggested for
forcing the ideal upon school boards.
In yesterdays session, the Negro
misleader, DR.. R. r. Motion of Tus-
kegee Institute, claimed that Ne
groes do not desire social equality,
but only equality of citizenship. At
the same time, DR.. E. Mimms Of
Vanderbilt University hailed the
South as the standard bearer of con-
servatism and the "best" traditions
of Americanism.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
CZECH RED RAINS

PRAGUE (By MaiD According
to a report from Munkash, the DO.
lice raided the local secretariat of
the Communist Party in order to
search for illegal leaflets connected
with the disturbances in the local
tobacco factory. The searches were
without result.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
BROOKLYN


Brighton International Labor Defense.
The Gastonia frame-ups will be
discussed and officers elected at the
meeting of the Bill Haywood Branch
at 227 Brighton Beach Ave. tonight.
Brownsville i. L. ID.
A joint outing will be held with
the Williamsburgh Branch Sunday.
Meet at a. m. at 154 Watkins st.
Brooklyn Workers Outing.
The Williamsburgh and E. N. Y.
Williamsburgh Workers Club will
meet at ~ noon Sunday at Sc Man
haitian Ave. and p. m. at Prospect
Park, near the music stand, where
j. c. Hoffer will lecture on July A."
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-07-05
How to Organize for the
Convention

bTHE Trade Union Unity Con-
4 vention, to be made up of del
egates from the unorganized work
ers, from the new revolutionary
unions, and from the cid trade I'M
ions must have a real mass base
in order to accomplish its purposes.
To rally these force is the present
vital task of the local and national
groups of the T U . L and of the
new unions. These groups shall
Immediately initiate active cam
paigns> in their respective spheres
to secure delegates from all posi-
BILE local unions endorsing the gen.
eral line of the convention. Every
local of the new revolutionary I'M
ions should be represented. Where
trade unions refuse to send dele
gates, representatives should be
sent from the T U E L organized
minority groups. Every 7 U E l.
group must at once develop the
maximum activity in securing I'M
ion delegates.
But the central concentration
must be upon getting representa-
ton from the unorganized workers
and of beginning organization work
among them. The Trade Union
Unity Convention will be first of
all a convention of delegates from
the unorganized industries. To ac-
complish this two-phased task, To-
cal T U E L conferences shall be
called and the local T U E L COM
mittees shall meet Immediately and
begin work for the establishment
OF shop committees in the most
important industries in their re-
spective territories. This work must
be gone at Systematically and en-
ereetically.
The most important plants in a
given city must be carefully listed
and then active steps taken to hold
meetings Of as many as possible of
the workers employed at each one.
This plan should be applied to all
the outlying industrial centers in
the respective districts. At these
shop meetings the T U E L pro-
gram should be discussed, definite
shop committees formed, delegates
elected, and plans formulated to fl
nance the delegations. Nothing
short of such systematic work can
suffice to make the convention a
real success.
In building the shop committees
concentration must be made upon
the key and basic industries; steel,
automobiles, rubber, electrical man
ufacturing, chemicals, railroads,
meat packing, textile, etc. This is
especially important as special con-
ferences of the workers from each
basic industry will also be held in
Cleveland. The National Industrial
Committees Of the T u E l. must
support these local campaigns by
stimulating all their connections.
The new unions should do likewise,
putting on organization campaigns
among the unorganized in the min
ing, needle, shoe, food and other
industries, and sending delegates to
the Cleveland convention. The T
U E L groups and committees, es-
pecially the local groups, must be
built at once to carry on this gen
eral work.
In all this work special efforts
must be made to draw Negro work.
ers into the convention delegations
and the shop committees. For this
purpose local and shop conferences
Of Negro workers must be organ
lied. The success of the T U Ell
convention will be largely measured
BY the extent to which it succeeds
in drawing Negro workers into les
delegation and the organization
work it undertakes among them.