davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-10-02
The Peasant Movement in the
Philippines

The Philippines purely agrarian country The predominant
ing of the Islands and the chief occupation the
population agriculture The agricultural population including the
agricultural workers. comprises less than IS cent of the total
population The population of the Philippines is ~ mllons) Despite
that density population the Philippines
number neighborng countries such Indo China,
spite land which
islands,
oned of the the Philippine Archipelago is populated
by less than million semnomads), the position of the Filipino
peasantry is very bad indeed.
According 191s there S55276
the Philippines than $4,000 of which, that
half owning than O35 Hectares of land each
100000 farms had less than hecae each and 43259 farms
rented land only There were over 10000 land estates which
for plantations with 100 hectares
numbering $780, which about 1000
in the hands of native landowners and the rest belonged to the for
egners.
Thus the entire cultivated land the Philippines is so divided
per per only
per per
the peasant farms
peasantry constantly aggravated the
natural increase the population and the further breaking up
small lots Thus during the
1903 1918 the amount of land owned by the farms
decreased from B hectares 24 hectares while since 1915 view
development plantation cultivation peas
antry position is still further increased The eviction of peasant
renters the land rented by them and often cultivated by them
generation generation becoming phenomenon
the arrarne of the local authorities only renters
peasant ma-holders who unable prove their
right the and terae often not being abo
uy unable this This all pursues the of creating the
plantations which are continually growing
Besides this the domination the market of monopo
aon which dictate their for the chief agricultural products
hemp cocoanuts
the limit natural there
FORE that in view all these conditions the vngstandard of the
Filipino peasantry very low.
position peasant-enters still FREEDOM
renting the when if
cattle half
while if the
his the the calames
bad harvest typhoons floods AS the half third of the
which his his
which make him completely dependent the andownr who advances
for tn his
The usurious activities the landownersh scouge
Filipino The Insovent
genaton)
absolute the CREDITOR together
with the whole his family This peonage system
the Philippines the that the
annued difficult
peasant enslavemen
all the uprngs which the
the Philippines mad the question of the
the practice the peonage, very
portant part
At time the Southern
Islands The Observation-Disclosures Paa
Mohametan tribes who hostile the Christians, mostly
populate the rest of the Philippines This enmity artcay knded
by the Islands
their lands for vast rubbed pantaions the
began out policy coonisng these islands,
who However,
the hand OF the bourgeos feared that
Of labor would be exhausted
American General the Parliament
andths practically put end OF the colonization
section of the
agricultural of
practically being women children There
that
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-10-02

present situation capitalist class
the Wall Street banks controlling the textile industry
brings the Gastona and the New
all their What mill
getting in the World direct melting
harmed and praised the mill mob
direct invitation to beat slug and murder union organizers
The mill determined their profits. They
determined rid the National Textile
dirty little job like pang murderers of unarmed
citing lynch members lying about conditions glofy
lynch police brutality ManvleJencks
World the Wall of
it is
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
PLOT WAR while
TALKING PEACE
Macdonald and Dawes
Speak Soft Words
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
naturally directed to securing a
navy that suits the United States,
and it would be ruinously expen-
sive price for the favor of any ma
ton if we were to abandon the
standards and principles vital to our
existence"
That Macdonald, however, needs
little advice on the necessity of
working for the unchallenged SUI
premacy of the British Empire is in
Dictated in his continued silence on
the Meerut trial, at which Indian
trade unionists are being railroaded
to heavy jail sentences on charges
of working for the overthrow of
the empire"
The new governments plans for
naturalization in war and key in
dustries were expressed by Mac
Donald in his reassuring note to the
British Advertising Association con-
vention today. II have long been in
consultation as to how we can as
sist industry and get in touch with
it's more responsible people," his
his message, read to the association
by President Lord Riddel, declared.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
Communist Congress Adopts Theses OmeA gan War Thesis Uuannoa
MIL Press Is
Wild Because
Workers Rally

Continued from Page One)
propaganda for their cause. 1t is
high time the good law-abiding peo-
Pile of this country were fully cog
infant of the hard and long drawn
out fight they are facing in efforts
to run these Communists out of the
community"
Something Drastic"
In large bold-faced type on the
front page of the June 10 issue of
the Gastonia Gazette is a frantic
appeal, slightly camouflaged, for
lynching the heroic Loray strikers
and their union leaders and relief
workers:
"Gastonia must either have mar
tial law" it says, cor her loyal citi-
zens must be armed by the hum
dreds and deputized in order to pro-
tect our, homes, our lives and our
property from death and destruction
at the hands of the murderous
agents of the Communist Interna-
tional."
american citizens are not going
to sit supinely and see their homes
and property and lives destroyed.
at looks like the hour has struck
when something drastic must be
done.
GAIL incoming buses, jitneys and
trains are being closely watched for
suspicious persons"
Attack Negro Workers.
Every attempt is being made by
the Gastonia Gazette to split the
strikers by injecting the race issue,
and to inflame race murder senti-
ment in the community.
A letter by loyal servant of the
mill owners, printed on the editorial
page of another issue of the Ga
zette, tells of reading in the Daily
Worker how Harry Fox, of the
Needle Trades Workers Industrial
Union, and John Owens, a Negro
worker and speaker for the Commu-
mist Party, walked out of New
Jersey restaurant when it refused
to serve Owens. The letter writer
says:
81 cannot understand how our mill
workers can join themselves with a
crowd like that, trying to break
every principle that our forefathers
fought to attain"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18

and who failed to discover a single
person who could be held account
able, is again in Gastonia "investi-
eating" Lumsden is being paid by
the city authorities and has, it is
stated, about dozen spies working
under him.
1t is now known that the officers
who have been bounding the strik-
ers, raiding their homes, breaking up
the picket lines, beating men and
women and who made the attack on
the new headquarters and tent col
ony which ended so disastrously for
them, are special police on the city
payroll. The sheriff claims that he
has not sworn in a single deputy
for this campaign of the Manville-
Jenckes Co.
Threats, arrests and all forms of
intimidation continue to be used
against the strikers. All organ
izers, union and I. l.. D., are fol-
lowed constantly. Yesterday, when
Ellen Dawson was talking to work
ers in the mill district, there was
no time when a deputy was not
within three feet of her.
Workers Want Organizers.
A number of mill worker delega-
tons went in to Charlotte today to
the offices of the National Textile
Workers Union, asking that union
organizers be sent to their localities.
The union organizer staff has more
calls upon it than it can fill, al
though the membership lists are in
the hands of the authorities and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
CHARGE IS WITH
MURDER IN FRAME
UP AT GASTONIA
Al Cases in Charlotte
Court Today
Continued from PoGe One)
request by the I. L. D. to bail out
Andreas and Ruby Mcmahon.

Al Held for Hearing.
Attorney Jimison, of the Inter
national Labor Defense, today re-
ceived from Sheriff Lineberger and
Jailor Hanna of CASTOR county the
complete list of strikers and or
ganizers in their custody and the
charges against them. The list to-
tolls Al, and shows that over the
weekend charges have been dropped
against 80 who were in Jail during
habeas corpus proceedings Friday.
One, Fula Carson, has been released
or bail, pending trial.
16 for Murder"
The full list of those charged
both with murder and "secret as
sault' are: Fred Beal, Joe Harrison,
J. c. Heffner, Robert Allen, Russell
Knight, Geo. Carter, Louis Nc
Laughlin, N. F. Gibson, K. Y. Hen
bricks, K. o. Byers, ]. o. Gardner,
B. c. Passmore, VIM. McGinnis,
Amy Shechter, Vera Bush.
25 For Assault"
Those now charged with secret
assault" are: Clarence Miller, I. S.
Hinsley, Dewey Ward, Sam Bou-
knight, Ernest Martin, Robert Lii
toff, o. M. Lell, Roy Butler, VIM.
Sidell, J. R. Pittman, Horace l..
Lloyd, James McGinnis, Walter
Lloyd, D. Sailors, j. L. Brewer, H.
H. Mills, Harold Curry, D. E. Nc
Donald. Earl Thompkinson, w. w.
Sprouse, Clarence Townsend, Clay
Runner, Gladys Wallace, Caroline
Drew and Edith Saunders Miller.
Juliet Stuart Poyntz Of the Inter-
national Labor Defense now has
permission to visit the prisoners and
it will be possible to do much more
to ease their confinement than here
tofore. It is barely possible that
some of the defendants will be re-
leased at the hearing tomorrow be-
cause of utter lack of even framed
up evidence against them.
Hearing Today.
The hearing this morning will
determine what defendants will be
held, and bail will be fixed for all
those not charged with murder. The
burden Of proof rests on the state,
and copies of the prosecution affi-
davits must be in the hands of the
defense counsel by noon today or
they cannot be used at the hearing.
e. Army of Spies.
Lumsden, the state detective who
investigated" the wrecking of the
strike headquarters of the N. 7. W.
and the relief store of the W. !. R.,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
9 Killed in Plane Mishaps.

LONDON, June 1.-THE feverish
preparations for war which the i'm
perialist powers are making in the
field or aeronautics today resulted
in the death of nine persons and the
injury of five others. 1t is pointed
out that the Soviet Union, with a
workers government which natur-
ally takes all precautions to insure
the safety of airplane pilots and
mechanics, has not suffered single
accident in the air this year, a stag
gering contrast to the epidemic of
crashes rampant in England and
other capitalist countries.
At Folkstone, the airplane, City
of Ottawa, bound for Zurich, was
forced down in the English channel,
three miles off the coast, and, al
though help was sent from the
shore, seven of the passengers,
wedged beneath the plane, were
drowned before it reached them
Three other occupants, together
with the pilot and flight engineer
were badly injured, but are expected
to recover. Only one of the bodies
has been recovered. Authorities adj
nit that this was zone of the most
disastrous accidents in the history
of commercial aviation
About the same time that news
of the Folkstone crash became
known, the air ministry announced
that an officer and a pilot were
killed when the scout plane in which
they were doing war maneuvers
hurtled to the ground near Nethera-
Won,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
How the Lwchimg Party for
Organizer Fred BgQI Failed

auxiliary organizations. This is a
small minority of the population in
the Gastonia district-perhaps 20 to
% per cent of the total.
This minority holds the political
power. 1t can organize squads of
thugs for punitive expeditions. 1t
can give them official protection
up to certain point. 1t can set up
such organizations as the Commit
tee of One Hundred" composed of
professional spies and gunner NOM
inally on the payroll of the Loray
mill and foremen, superintendent,
technical and clerical workers, etc.
Because it, has political power this
minority has been able to carry out
systematic clubbings and jailings. 1t
has been able to harass the strikers
and their families until one wonders,
not that the battle in the tent col
ony took place, but that it did not
take place weeks ago.
But the one thing that the Man
ville-Jenckes Company and its mid
die class supporters cannot do Is to
give these brutalities the character
of a popular movement. 1t is forced
to call on the power of the govern
ment, to give a illegal" veil to its
acts precisely because, while it is
still able to force miserable wages
and working conditions on the mass
of the mill workers, it can no longer
mobilize them to fight it's battles
against the National Textile Work
ers Union.
Ali the workers of Gastonia may
not as yet be ready to engage in
open struggle against the Manville-
Jenckes Company and its local gov
eminent. A large number of them
have reached this point. But none
of them will fight for the Manville-
Jenckes Company. None of them
will take part in lynching union or
ganizers-none of them is part of
the chamber of commerce crowd.
These are the main reasons why
Fred Beal, southern organizer OF
the National Textile Workers, hated
by the mill owners and their retain
ers but loved and respected by the
mill workers, is still alive. He is in
Jail charged with murder. His life
is still in danger and the mill barons
will try to send him to the electric
chair.
The mill workers, under the lead
ership of the N. T. W., are mobiliz-
ing to smash this murder plot.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18

connections must be established by
personal contact.
There is evidently general de-
sire among the mill workers of the
Carolinas for organization and a
number of strikes have been settled
in the last two weeks, only to break
out again.
Eyict W. I. R. Again.
The mill bosses police in Gas
tonia again evicted the Workers In
ternational Relief station yester-
day. The police are determined to
stop feeding of the strikers and
starve them back under control of
Manville-Jenckes' bosses, but the w.
/ R. is just as determined to keep
on feeding them. Yesterdays dis
tribution was made from the road
side, but it was equal in quantity to
the best distribution before the
raids. The food from the W. I. R.
is again modifying the strikers
families for the struggle against
The Loray mill. The w. /. R. is
renting lots on which it will erect
two tents for relief stores.
The strikers families are stand
ing fast by the union and the strike.
They will remain on the scene and
continue, the strike, if they can be
fed and sheltered. The Workers In
ternational Relief needs funds for
this purpose. All contributions for
this should be sent to Workers In
ternational Relief, 1 Union Square.
New York.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
One Seaman Dead, 7
Stranded When Leaky
Boat Breaks in Two

ASTORIA, Ore, June 17.-Break-
ing in two across a sand bar in the
mouth of the Columbia River like
slab of finder, the steamer Laurel
took a toll of one seaman dead and
several injured, leaving seven men,
bers of the crew still helpless on the
half of the vessel that remained on
the bar.
Twenty-four sailors were rescued
by coast guard cutter after they
had slid down the ropes with life
preservers on, plunging into the sea
and fighting the waves as they
CROPPED their way hand over hand to
the cutter. A heavy scum Of oil on
the water made most of them sick
and many were struck by timbers
which, breaking loose from the deck,
pounded against the sides of the tub.
The dead seaman, Russell Smith
of Dorchester, Mass, went down
with the fore part Of the vessel. He
lad been ordered forward by the
mate who went along to see that he
cast the anchor, but when danger
threatened, A. Wilde, the mate,
scampered to safety and left the
seaman to his fate.
Latest advices do not report the
seven stranded seamen as having
teen rescued and it is feared that
they have been lost. One of the
rescued men is so badly injured that
he is not expected to live. The own
ers of the leaky death-ship Laurel,
like the owners of the Vestris, are
expected to be given a clean bill Of
health by any official "investiga-
ton"
Reap the benefits of the May
Day demonstrations by getting
into the Communist Party work
ers who participated.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18

Imperialism is. mt tn~ same time
the most prostitute and the ultim-
ate form of the State power which
nascent middle-class society had
commenced to elaborate ms means
of its own emancipation from feud-
alism, and which fuli-gras-n bOur-
ge0is society had finally trnns-
formed into means for the en-
s'avement of labor by capital. -
Marx.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18

pay, and is part of the preparation of
the capitalist government for a new
bloody imperialist world war.
ANOTHER SACCO-VANZETTI
FRAME-UP IN GASTONIA!
The Struggle of the Southern Tex
tile Workers is the Concern of
the Entire American Work.
ing Class.
The members of the National Textile
Workers Union have been bayoneted, ar
rested, beaten, slugged and shot and
evicted from their homes because they
dared to fight for better conditions
against mill owners, the government
authorities and against the strike
breaking activities of the American Fed
GRAFTON of Labor.
Thousands of Dollars are Needed
to Defend These Heroic Strikers,
Members of the First Workers De
tense Corps.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
ID Workers
Members of the National Textle Workers Union
Charged With Murder!
THEY FACE THE ELECTRIC CHAIR
OTHERS FACE LONG PRISON TERMS

The fight to free Fred Beal and Vera
Bush and eleven other leading Gastonia
strikers from the electric chair is not
only fight for the lives of these work
ing class leaders but is struggle for
the right of the workers of the entire
South to organize and struggle for bet
ter conditions.
Rally to the SUPPORT of the In
ternationaI Labor Defense.
Defend the National Textile
Workers Union.
Fred BeaI and Vera Bush Must
Not Die.
The II Strikers Must Be Freed
at Once.
This new attack of capitalist justice
in North Carolina is part of the attack
Of the American imperialist government
on the entire working class. It goes
hand in hand with the process of capital
list decentralization, the speeding up of
the workers at long hours and for low
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
MALARIA KILLS NATIVES.

CAPE TOWN, P. Africa (By
MaiD The malaria epidemic, which
originated in Zululand, has reached
alarming portions, and wiped out
scores of villages, killing thousands
of natives.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18

Nearly a million
10 orkerS crowded
Comey Island San
day, aVhen they fled
the city's saoeltcrin9
heat to Coney Is
land, one of the feao
beaches open to the
poor of New York
'Ohere they acre
packed like sar-
dimes.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18
BOMB AT TEXTILE
union OFFICES
Fails to Explode; Crowd
Grows at Meetings
Continued from Page Ons)
Crouch, Ellen Dawson, and Will
|liams, local striker. All are or
ganizers for the N. T. w.
Boss Makes Threats.

MARION, N. c., June 17.--E. M.
Baldwin, president of the Marion
Manufacturing Co., is making des-
perate threats in the attempt to stop
his workers from organizing. Hav-
ing heard that organizers from the
National Textile Workers Union
were lining up members, he stopped
the mill for an hour and delivered
a speech. He said that if the union
was organized, he would stop the
mill. Any workers who showed a
willingness to scab would be "taken
care of" and all those wicked people
who joined the union and asked for
more wages would be evicted from
their homes.
Organization proceeds. Hl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1929-06-18

Build shop committees and draw
the more militant members into
the Communist Party. u.
Evening star., 1929-06-22
ADAM A. wEscHLER & BON. Auctioneers.
Trustees Sale Of 3-Story and
Basement Brick Dwelling, IA
Rooms and z Baths; No. 2l5
e SRpAMf NV

By virtue Of a certain deed Of trust, duly
Of the land records Of the District of Co
secured thereby. the pndsrsignsd trustees
Of the premises, on FRIDAY. THE TWENTY
EIGHTH DAY OF JUNE. 1879. AT FIVE
O'CLOCK PM. the following described land
and premises. situate in the District Of CO.
in SQUARE south Of square numbered 572.
2lo feet west Of the southeast corner q SAID
thence southeasterly 1925 feet, thence south
north line Of said street 10 feet to the
Terms Of sale: The above property will
be sold subject to q prior deed Of trust for
$500. at ehN. due December 26. 1875
However, trustees understand i can be Re-
and above. trust cash: 4 deposit Of s20o
ins and notsrisl fees at sost oi purchsSsr;
days from day Of sale. otherwise trustees
reserve the right to resell property. at risk
and cost Of defaulting purchaser. after hve
days advertisement Of such resale In some
newspaper published in Washington. D. C.
CUYIER A. METZLER.
CLYDE d. GARRETT.
je18, ,22.75,27 Trustees.
Evening star., 1929-06-22
THos. J. OWEN SON, AUCTIONEgRS,
1881 EYE ST. NV.

TRUSTEES. SALE OF FOUR STORY BRICK
5oaa + STREET NORTHWEST.
BY yi,tSe 1d ,s certain Gssd OF trust Mo dafsc s
recorded April ilth; 1929 aMong the land
the request Of the party secured thereby. the
undersgned trustees will sell at public arc
DAY. TIE SECOND DAY OF July: 1919.
AT FOUR O'CLOCK. PM: the follow
ing described land and premises. situate in
the pistlics Of Colupbis and designate, d,n; IS
sion Of lots in square io4, as per plat re-
corded in Liber r. L. H., folio 362. of the
records Of the once Of the surveyor Of the
Terms Sold subject to prior deed of
trust for. .slS.s0o00, further particulars of
which will be announced at time Of sale:
the purchase price above said trust to be
paid in cash: 4 deposit Of $500: 90 required.
chaser's cost. Terms TO be complied with
within thirty days. otherwise, deposit for:
feited and the proerty may be advertised
and resold at the discretion Of the trustees.
JAMES P. SCHICK,
HUGH A. THRIFT.
je20, a, ,2S,2129,jy2 Trustees.
Evening star., 1929-06-22
ADAM A. wEscHLER q SON. Auctione.r,
TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE IN
PPRRocWvED PRcWE & &REAL ,T ESTATE. TMo;SToR,

TRusTEEs SALE OF VALUABLE M
PROVED REAL ESTATE, TWO-STORY
FRAME DWELLING: NO: 1907 MORA
HAM STREET NORTHWEST.
BY virtue OF certain deed Of trust duly
recorded In Liber No. 5S3S. folio 90 ct seq,
cured erees the anderssned nS trustee wli Sin
ofier for sale by public auction. in front Of
FIFTH DAY OF JUNE. 1898, Ar FIVE
O'CLOCK P.M. the following described land
and premises, situate in the District of Co.
lumbia, to wit: Lot numbered two (2) In
square numbered twenty-seyen hundred and
sixteen t2Ilsl in the subdivision made BY
land now known as 'Fourteenth Street Ter
race" as per plat recorded In Liher 36, folio
Of the records Of the once cf the SUR
veyor Of the District Of Columbia. Subject
to covenants Of record.
Terms Of sale: One-third Of the purchase
money to be paid in cash, balance in two
equal installments, represented by promis-
two years. with interest at six per cent per
nually.. secured By deed Of trast upon prop
at sale. All conveyaneing. recording and
notarial fees at cost Of purchaser. Terms
to be complied With within thirty days from
sns f resell r. risk ana cost
vertisement OF such resale In some news
paper published in Washington, D. c.
By ALFRED II. lawson,
Real Estate Ofncer.
jel4-d&ds,exsu Trustee.