davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1929-06-30

N daily newspapers are the notices of
~ permits issued for the building of
bigger and better apartment houses.
Where formerly, at least here In
Washington, the majority of such buildings
were small. four STORY affairs, now they are
spreading out to vast proportions. And we city
jewellers, for some obscure reason, feel a little
thrill of pride over them. as milestones in the
progress of our modern civilization.
Yet large communal dwellings. that might be
called the ancestors of our modern apartment
houses were built in this country, lived in. and
abandoned long before Columbus upset the
geographical theories of the Old World. Many
have never been seen by white men, appearing
only as mounds Of earth. Others hidden away
In immense caves high in some canyon wall
have to a certain extent defied the destructive
powers of the elements and the ages. From
them and the many relics left in them, has
been reconstructed much Of the pre-history of
the United States.
Among the most interesting Of the aboriginal
apartment houses are those OF the Mesa Verde
National Park, in Southwestern Colorado. Ma
ture once had here great green tableland:
then with her rivers as chisels she cut deep can
yons into the mesa. 1t is I'm the walls of these
canyons, from several hundred to almost q
thousand feet deep. that the old communal
dwellings were built.
Not all Of the prehistoric dwellings in the
Mesa Verde could be dignified by the name of
Indian apartment houses. No doubt the dwellers
1n the more highly developed cliff dwellings,
were just IS proud Of their advanced state Of
culture as we OF our modern buildings. For
the indications are that the earliest of the
Mesa Verde tribes climbed the precipitous walls
i'm search Of refuge and found shelter, like
animals. in the natural caves under the over
hanging floor Of the mesa. Here they were pro-
tected from the blasts Of Winter storms and
the burning Summer sun; here, too, they were
safe from marauding enemies.
Then as time went on-probabIy with the
passage Of the ce1turies-they began to ad-
vance to . higher standard OF living. Ladders
were substituted for zigzag trails, making their
retreats more accessible to themselves and at
the same time more inaccessible to their
enemies. once they had climbed to their homes
and pulled their ladders up after them. Adobe
structures supplemented the bare caves, then
brick and stone succeeded adobe So culture
succeeded savagery, only to be wiped out in
some mysterious way, leaving but these ancient
dwellings to show that man had once lived here.
Evening star., 1929-06-30
In the Days Before Columbus Amerlcau
AbrIgines Li0ed in Communal Dwellings,
Cn in the Face Of Natural cliffs, Their
Ruined Homes Still Exist III the
Southeast Under the Protection Of the
G00erument

NONE of the present-day Indians have been
definitely identified as the descendants of
the old cliff dwellerS. The Southern Ute Reser-
walton adjoins the southeastern portion Of the
park but the Utes must be very different from
the earliest inhabitants of the mesa, with whom
they apparently have no connection. It was a
long time before any of these Indians could be
persuaded to approach the cliff dwellings. They
believed the ruins to be inhabited by an invis-
ible race known as the Little People. When
developments were first undertaken by the Gov
ernment, such as the installation Of telephone
and telegraph lines, and other modern inn
provements, the Utes insisted that the Little
People would not like it. First they thought
the poles would not be able to stand up against
the wrath Of the Little People. But the poles
stood. Then the Indians said to wait, the wires
wouldn't talk; the Little People wouldn't like'it.
Even when the wires actually did talk" the
faith OF the Indians was unshaken; just wait
they said But progress has gone on. and II
the Little People haven't co-operated, at least
they have kept out of sight and done no dam
age. Now Navajo Indians help In the park
construction work. snch as the building of roads
reservoirs and buildings
Among the Indians there are dim legends of
conflicts between the earliest Utes and the
Cliff dwellerS, but these cannot be verified
Much more definite, but still obscure legends
exist among the Pueblo Indians, especially the
Hopis. that their ancestors formerly lived in
cliff houses and for some reason migrated to
their present homes
At any rate it Is possible that the Hopis are
descendants of the Mesa Verde cliH dwellers
In addition to the many similarities between
the architectural types of the latter and the
pueblos Of the modern Hopis, ethnologists have
found suggestive points of similarity in their
utensils, their forms and their customs. Hopi
architecture and masonry, however show a
marked retrogresSion from the splendid higher
types Of the Mesa Verde.
It is impossible to trace the descendants Of
the cliff dwellers positively because there seems
to have been no gradual migration from the
canyon walls. and no signs Of departure were
left. All that we know is that suddenly in
the midst Of evident prosperity and q highly
developed culture, these Indians disappeared,
leaving behind them their household goods and
some uncompleted structures. Many theories
have been advanced as to the cause Of their
strange disappearance, but real clews are miss
ing. One theory that seems quite reasonable is
that during the Summer season they all moved
down to the valleys, to work their farms, and
that while so employed they were surprised by
Evening star., 1929-06-30

building was not in any sense q palace but
rather a great communal dwelling which in its
heyday had 200 rooms for living quarters. Like
some Of our twentieth century cliff dweliers.
these ancients could get their religious services
at home. Instead Of q radio, however, they
had their ceremonial rooms or kivas as they
are called, built as an integral part of their
dwellings. In Clif Palace there were - OF
these kivas. and here the men of the clan
gathered to carry on their ceremoniaIs and
pass along their tribal traditions
THE cave in which Cliff Palace is located is
enormous, arching from SO to 100 feet
above the ruin. with its floor several hundred
feet above the bottom Of the canyon. Many OF
the upper tiers Of rooms have now fallen, but
enough remain to give some idea Of how it
once looked. and the towers, square and round,
show several stories Square tower, at the
southern end. rises four stories The walls OF
the third story Of this tower are painted white
and red. with decorative symbols.
One lofty, castellated portion of Cliff Palace
has been named the Speaker Chiefs House"
The masonry here, which is the finest in the
cave, compares favorably with that laid by
white maSons. In front Is platform, reached
by one step, on which 1t is thought perhaps
speaker chief stood each morning and an
nounced to the people the events of the day
Speaker Chiefs House and the adjoining region
is known as the Old Quarter, and apparently
was inhabitated by the oldest and most infisl-
entail clans of the pueblo. A street running
through the Old Quarter divides it into two
sections.
The next discovery was that of Spruce Tree
House, an old ruin 2l6 feet long, which once
had hundred rooms for living quarters. Al
lowing for four inhabitants to each room. it
has been figured that the aboriginal population
of Spruce Tree House may have been 400, al
though perhaps this figure should be reduced
to about $50, as from appearances not all of
the rooms were inhabited at the same time
Balcony House is of especial interest, apart
from its commanding location perfection OF
workmanship and unusual beauty because of
the ingenuity of the defenses of its only pos
sibie entrance. At the top of steep tral
cavelike passage between rocks Is walled SO as
to leave door capable Of admitting only one
person at a time Behind this opening two
striking down whole attacking army, one by
one, as they emerged through the trapdoor.
ON the mesa within full view of Ciiff Palace
and other cliff dwellings of importance, Ia
Sun Temple, structure commenced so late in
the history Of these people that they left It.
unfinished. AS late as 1915. 1t appeared only
as great mound. Excavations however,
brought to light most interesting building
In the early stages of the excavations it was
believed that the cliff dwellers might have been
considering emerging from their caves. and
were building q pueblo here on top of the mesa,
when disaster overlook them. Further investi-
cations, however. led to the belief that It was
intended for religious purposes only. and that
Continued on TtDentieth Page.
Evening star., 1929-06-30
BY ISABELLE FLORENCE STORY.

MONG the items of interest in our
daily newspapers are the notices of
permits issued for the building of
bigger and better apartment houses.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
tInternational Newsreep

have finally decided to give up the business so that I will no longer be tied down. My princi- pal reason for giving up the busi- ness in which I have been engaged for so long, is so that I may rest and relax for a change. have worked for forty-five years, and think it is time that I took a rest.
 "The fur business has interested me more than anything, for years, and by concentrating on it I will be free to move about and take several months vacation when I wish to-" MT. Goldstein said
 However" he continued, it is possible that I may again enter the mercantile field in some spe- cialty branch, in the future"
 Will Keep Home Here
 MT. Goldstein said that while he, with his family, might take a sev- eral months vacation and travel, when the stock of the store has been closed out, they would con- tinue to make their home in Ju-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12

neau, and spend a large part of their time here.
 He first came to Juneau in 1885 when he was associated with his father, R. Goldstein, who started the business owned and operated by I. Goldstein since his fathers death in 1899. In 1890 Charles Gold stein returned to San Francisco and engaged in the grocery busi- ness until 1898 when he again came to Juneau and began the merchan- disc business that developed into the present Goldstein's Emporium.
 Housed in the beginning by a small store on the corner of Sec ond and Seward, MT. Goldstein's business increased and expanded until the present building, one of the largest and finest in Alaska today, was constructed in 1914.
 "I hope we have served the pub lie faithfully and well and I wish to thank the people of Juneau for their generous patronage during the many years I have been in busi- ness here" MT Goldstein said.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
JUNEAU BOY BECOMES LAWYER THIS EVENING

Juneau Will DC re1reSec ed aU the 1929 Marquette University com mencement exercise in Mtlw lukes. Wis, tonight, with Michael Moragle of this city included among those who are candidates for degrees. MT. Monagle is a senior in the Mar quette School of Law, and will re- ceiye, the degree of Bachelor of Laws. ara Y.u
 Marquette's commencement exer- cises this year will be. addressed by Dr. William J. Mayo, head of the Mayo Brothers Clinic at Roch- ester, Minns and worlds famous surgeon. Dr. Mayo's address will precede the conferring of degrees by the Rev. William M. Magee, IS. J., President of the university
 It was expected that 7,500 peo- pie will be present tonight when Dr. Mayo talks and when degrees are conferred. The program will be broadcast by WHAD, the Marquette radio station. A4r
 Marquette's senior class of 511 candidates for degrees is divided as follows: Graduate school, 16; lib- eral arts, 95; nurses, 32; business administration, 37; law, 70; music, A; journalism, 9; engineering. 6S; dentistry, 61, and medicine, Ill.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
IS
 TO CLOSE OUT
 JUNEAU STORE
We'll Established Business to Be Discontinued
 Future Activities

After A years Of merchandising, largely in the city of Juneau, Charles Goldstein, owner of Gold stein's Emporium, today announced his retirement from the mercantile business. This involves the closing out of Goldstein's Emporium as rapidly as the stock can be disposed of.
 When this has been done, MT Goldstein said that he would cen ter all of his attention and activity on the fur business. It is his in- tention to develop this extensively along all lines by manufacturing and selling. In fact, Mir. Gold stein hopes to develop in this city one of the largest fur centers in the north and northwest.
 Will Close Store
 MT. Goldstein will close his store tonight and it will remain closed until Monday morning while all StOck ln the store IS pelng marked down and prepared for sale to start next week Monday the store will open at nine o'clock in the morn ing an after then will be open from the stock has been disposed of. the stock ha sbeen disposed of
 Future Plans
 It is MT Goldstein's plan to keep the fur store recently opened by him on Front Street, and have larger fur store, probably where the shoe department of the Em- porium is now located, with cold storage plant installed to care for the furs. 6
 T have been contemplating this move for the last two years and
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
EAST SIDE, WEST SIDE"
 COLISEUM TOMORROW

George O'Brien. who plays the principal role in the characteristic ally New York production, Fast Side, West Side" is Californian by birth, and had much to learn about Manhattan in order to bring realism to the part. Consequently, he came East week before produc- ton started, and, with his director, Allan Dwan, as a guide, he made an intensive study of the city, spending a great deal of time in the Ghetto, which is the locale for the earlier sequences of the story by Felix Rosenberg. East Side, West Side,' will be shown at the Coliseum for two days, starting to- morrow.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
Attractions At Theatres
-------------7-------- "CARDEN OF ALLAH"
 AT PALACE TONIGHT

Rex Ingram's Garden of Allah will be presented at the Palace to- night, one show only starting at 8 o'clock with Mae Pauly's orches- tra giving a concert previous to screening of feature.
 "The Garden of Allah is one of the big pictures of the year and critics agree that it is the best photoplay since "The Four Horse men," another one of Ingram's big productions.
 Alice Terry and Ivan Petrovich have the leading roles in this fea- ture and others in the cast are Marcel Vivert, H. Humberston Wright, Gerald Fielding, Mime. Pa querette, Armand. Dutertre, Ben Sa- dour and Michael p5we,i
 This pictures central idea is the struggle of conscience against pas sion. It is the story of a Trappist monk who vowed never to marry. He runs away from an Algerian monastery and despite his vows, he marries an English girl unacquaint- ed with his past.
 Three months of honeymooning on the Sahara desert are spoiled by bangs of conscience. A sand storm nearly kills him and his bride and he promises God if she is spared he will repent and con- fess his past life.
 He does and she forgives him.
 The picture was filmed on the nrecise locations in Africa which have been immortalized in Robert Hichen's famous desert romance from which Willis Goldbeck adapt ed this latest Rex Ingram produc- tion for Metro -Goldwyn.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
Dell E. SncrIr1, Juneau's plano tuner and rebuilder. Phone 573.
THE EAGLE RIVER FUR
 FARM, INC.

Offer part of their holdings, south of THE GOVERNMENT HIGHWAY, FOR SALE ON EASY TERMS. This land will be sold in small tracts, is all cleared and ready for cultivation and covered by United States Patent. It is well adapted for fur farming. For further particulars inquire of E. Valentine, President, or Thomas George, Secretary. -adv-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
HORSE HANGS HIMSELF

SILVER CITY, Idaho, June 12.-- A horse accidentally hanged him. self when a crust of ice broke be- meath it's feet. The animal was trying to reach some dried leaves when the thin coating broke and its head was caught in a tree crotch
The Daily Alaska empire., 1929-06-12
HELLO, HAWAII" LAST
 TIME AT COLISEUM

The Moose show, Hello Hawaii opened a two day presentation on the stage of the Coliseum last night. The review is given else- where in today's Empire.
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1929-07-18

Walter and Ruthford Scott of Port
land, Ore, were callers at the Whit
marsh home.
Leslie Smith left for Priest River
Sunday where he will visit his kin
folks, the Clarence Butts.
Miss Jessie Dewar, who had been
visiting in Whitefish and Kalispell,
returned home Saturday.
Mrs. Frank Hammond and daugh-
ter Margie left for Kalispell Sunday
where Mrs. Hammond will, have her
eyes treated.
Mrs. Wade Martin was business
caller in Libby Friday.
Miss Ida Schultz was caller in
Eureka Wednesday.
Mr. and Mrs. Tiffany of Gateway
were callers here on business Satur-
day.
Mrs. C. 0. Kins, cousin from Cal
ifornia is here visiting the Kins fam
lily for month.
Mr. and Mrs. Earl Madden were
callers in Gateway Sunday.
Mr. Farrell, who is working on the
bridge in Stonehill, was a caller at
the Wenzler home Sunday.
Miss Catherine Melvin Of Spokane
is visiting her sister, Miss Madge
Melvin, post mistress Miss Melvin
made the trip by auto.
William Lowney motored up from
Whitefish Sunday.
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1929-07-18
MCGinniS Meadows


Mr.. and Mrs. Leon I. Van Alstine
and children and Mrs. M. E. Davis
were shopping in Libby on last
Wednesday.
Alice Van Alstine visited at the
Kobel home last Tuesday.
Homer and Penrod Davis and Ed
ward and Willard Orr are cutting
brush and clearing for w. ]. Lloyd. =
M. l. Dayis and son Morris were
business visitors in Libby last Tues
day.
Miss Edna McPheeters of Kalispell
is visiting Miss Alice Van Alstine this
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. c. E. Gilbertson went
over to Kalispell last Wednesday. Mrs.
Gilbertson was taken sick and was
unable to return home on Thursday
with her husband Mr.. Gilbertson re-
ceived a telephone message Friday
night stating she was no better so
he went to Kalispell again on Satur-
day morning.
Earl Walker spent Wednesday eve
ming at the Lloyd home.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. |. Van Alstine and
5pcnl ucoday IsSiAisi6 az
the M. l. Davis home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Myron |. Davis re-
ceived message from San Jose, Cal
ifornia, last week announcing the ar
rival of little grandson at the c.
NJ. Davis home. The little fellow has
been named Clayton Melville Davis.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leon Van Alstine
spent last Sunday afternoon at the
Gilbertson home.
We have certainly been having
some very warm weather and every
thing needs rain.
w. H. Van Alstine and son Leon
were in Kalispell Saturday.
Mrs. Margaret Davis spent last
Wednesday night at the L. |. Van AL
slime home.
Earl Walker was a caller at the
Morris Davis home on Saturday
morning.
Mrs. James Orr and son Edward
were Kalispell visitors couple OF
days last week.
w. H. Van Alstine, Mr.. and Mrs.
Morris Davis, Homer Davis, Alice
Van Alstine and Edna McPheeters
spent Sunday picnicking on Elk
creek.
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1929-07-18

The Federal Land Bank of Spo-
kane, Corporation, Plaintiff Against
Michael Kolln and Ella Kolln, husband
and wife; Tobacco Valley National
Farm Loan Association, corpora
ton; w. II. Sawyer, a widower; and
Mckinley Irwin and Marian Irwin, his
wife, Defendants.
To be Sold at Sheriff's Sale:
On the 9th day Of August, A, D..
1929, at 100 o'clock p. M. at the
front door of the Court House, in the
City of Libby, County Of Lincoln,
State of Montana, TO the highest and
best bidder for cash in hand, the fol-
lowing described real estate lying
and<being in. the County Of Lincoln
and State Of Montana, to wit: The
Southwest Quarter Of Section Eight,
Township Thirty-seyen, North Range
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1929-07-18
ReXfOrd News.

Mr.. and Mrs. Brown of Priest Riv-
err were visitors at the Clyde Smith
home for week. y
Miss Vivian Goffaney from Kalis-
pell is visiting her aunt, Mrs. Frank
Hammond.
Mr.. and Mrs. Carl West motored
to Whitefish Tuesday.
Mr.. Kettleson of WStefish was
here Tuesday and Wednesday on COM
pany business.
Louise and Henry Brown from
Priest River are visiting their cous-
in, Willie Smith.
Mrs. William Schultz left for Wal
la Walla Sunday, where she will visit
friends for few weeks.
Miss Ruth Madden, after spending
few days with her parents here, has
returned to Cheney, Wash, where she
is attending school.
Harry Roach from Stonehill was
here to VISIT his wife Wednesday.
James Durfet8 from Whitefish was
here on business Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Len Smith of Nelson,
B. c., are visiting their kin folks, the
Clyde Smiths.
Rufus Clay motored up from Libby
Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Otto Swartz went to
Pinkham creek and brought home a
nice mess of fish.
Miss BESSIE Griffiths, who has been
visiting her aunt in Portland, Ore,
for two months, returned home
Thursday.
Miss Cora Brown who has been
visiting her cousin, Violet Smith, re-
turned to her home at Priest River
Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jim Spear Of Eureka
were here on business Wednesday.
Miss Lucille Dewar went to White
fish to visit her grandmother, Mrs.
Stone, Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Butts have been visit
ing their daughter, Mrs. Clyde Smith.
They returned to their home Satur-
day at Priest River.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. E. Madden motored
to Eureka Wednesday on business.
Marion Thompson is visiting her
grandmother in Whitefish.
Mrs. j. Wiltshire returned home
from KalispeI Thursday where she
has been under the doctors care.
Evangelist A. L. Lerhman returned
from Bonners Ferry Friday where he
has been holding meetings.
Mrs. G. Larson left Friday for
Spokane to visit her daughter Mil
bred.
Lefford and Collin Smith, who had
been visiting their aunt, Mrs. Clyde
Smith, left for their home in Nelson,
B. c., Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Wenzler mo-
tored to Eureka Friday.
Jim Byers was in Eureka on bust
ness Friday.
Mrs. Willie Smith of Gateway spent
Sunday here with his folks.
Evangelist A. L. Lerhman left Sat-
urday for Bull River, B. G., where he
will hold an all day meeting Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Cleo Scott and fam
lily of Portland, Oregon, are visiting
their relatives, Mrs. Clyde Smith.
Mrs. Englegard Of Portland, Ore,
is here visiting her mother and father
Mr.. and Mrs. Tom Wiltshire.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ayotte motored here
from California to visit friends. From
here they will visit friends in White
fish.
Matthew and Grace Englegard Of
Portland, Ore, are here visiting their
aunt, Mrs. Otto Swartz.
Travelling Engineer Harry B. Shar-
ar was business caller in Whitefish
Wednesday.
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1929-07-18

at McGinnis Meadows, remaining
over night Wednesday.
H. ]. Fowler and son Earl made a
trip to Elk creek Friday where Fow-
Ter has charge of hay ranch.
Jens Jensen from the Grumpy mine
made a trip to Libby Friday after
noon for powder to be used in de-
veloping the mine.
Ranger Fem and daughter made a
trip to the city Saturday evening, re-
turning home Sunday.
Mrs. Dickinson has gone to Canada
expecting to return soon accompan-
led by her two grandaughters, Patsy
and Andry Dagnon.
Alfred Manicke and wife from Wis
consin have been visiting his brother,
Mr.. Fred Manicke of Libby.
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1929-07-18
ManiCkc

Mrs. Fleming and children visited
at the Norman Dickinson home and
Swamp creek ranger station Sunday
afternoon.
Ira Vinion and family visited his
sister, Miss Thelma Vinion, on Sum
day evening.
Fred Manicke and family were
visitors at the Kenelty home on SUM-
day.
Mrs. L. P. Sanford called at Man
icke P. 0. Tuesday.
Mr.. McNamee from Columbia Falls
who has been visiting Raven station,
made visit to Geo P. Kobels' home
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1929-07-18
Mr.. and Mrs. Luden were callers

Mr.. and Mrs. Luden were callers
here from Standpoint Sunday.
A. H. Hay from Troy was here
on business the last Of the week.
Mr.. Beaumaster had an accident with
his new Hudson car. 1t went into the
ditch near Big creek. The car turned
over and was badly damaged. He had
to send for the wrecker from Libby
to pull it on to the road.