Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-07-25
MANCHUR|A HOLDS
future TO CHINESE
Million Immigrants a Year
Reach New land OF
Promise"
Chinese keep out.

Manchuria Chinese keep out.
Rut $4,000. coo Chinese f1outed the
command. They pushed into Manchurla
at the rate of more than a million per
year. and
falcon feathers were excepted from the
Manchu Emperor's immigration taou.
That was years ago when Mancnurla
produced only ginseng roofs, 1aicon
Tea theirs and Manchu soldiers.
To-day Manchuria is Chinas goloen
land of promise" says bulletin from
the headquarters of the National Geo.
graphic Society. ...,
one-third OF Chinas exports. Ginseng
and falcon feathers have been ourleo
under an annual mountain OF 5,5O0,OOo
tons of SOW beans. More than half the
railway mileage of China Is in Man
churia. Darien, the chief port, has risen
from thirteenth to third among CnInese
ports. In 1923 Darien handled SCOT wy
long tons of exports and imports, toIai
shinninc greater in tonnage than that OF
any American port except New YORK.
observers compare the Manchurian
migration to the Western nlarcn Oh
Americans in the '70s and '8Os. MAI
churia is as big as Montana, North "a
kota. Minnesota and Wisconsin ana mas
much the same kind OF country. neIe
are the treeless plains OF the Dakolas,
here are Wisconsin's birch ana pnie
forests: here are mountains TO stano IN
mace of the Rockies and the BLACK
Hills: here are the sod huts OF nome
Steaders trailing new railway INES.
BOX cars drawn by Philadelphia en-
eines over Pittsburgh steel rails are Ine
covered wagons of the immigrants. buC
thousand cannot pay 81 (Mexican) 1oT
a railroad ticket. Father, mother ano
children walk the ties north ana IL Is
500 miles to Hardin where emma
West begins. o+
40 pleasant TO look upon as Mancnurla
in terms of figures.
THE immigrant arrives at Dairen
with his family on steamer packed
tighter than an African slave snip. he
has left behind the home and farm OF
his ancestors and, what Is more pam
full to a Chinese, the graves OF ms
ancestors. In his old home ne was
ordered by the government to grow
poppies for opium. When the crop was
ripe the bandit-governor seized the
crop as illegal and confiscated his land
for violation of law. His son was forced
into the governors army. Famine
threatened slow death. There was one
hope-Manchuria.
He sold his eldest daughter to pay
for passage 81 per person on Japanese
steamer. With his wizened old fatner
mounted on his shoulders, he fought
his way on board. They stood or
squatted throughout the voyage. There
was no room to lie down.
"A happy settler lives 20 miles from
Taonon, which the railroad reached
this last year. His one-room house, half
sunk in the ground, has kaonang
sorghum stalk sides covered with mud
and sod. Sometimes he cannot see the
sun because of duststorms blowing out
of Mongolia. He has to sell his bean
crop for deprecated currency. But he
and his family have beans to eat. He
was able to pay the railroad a little on
the land he took from them. The Sum-
mer is short and he breads the Winter.
In January 1t often goes SO below zero.
Still Manchuria is paradise compared
with famine-ridden, tax-ridden, bandit
scouraged Shantung.
The next 'Manchurian' encountered
Is girl whose f1aXen hair Is bound by
n scarf. On back street of Hardin
she cleans the windows Of Chinese
house. This girl is the Russian wife of
a black-haired Chinese. With the Swipe
of her cloth she has created a greater
revolution in the Orient than all the
Chinese armies Of the last 20 years.
White men never worked with their
hands in China until the horde of pen
niless Russian fugitives from Soviet
Russia descended on China. When the
first Russian cleaned windows in
Chinese house all white men lost caste
in China. Hardin, with 100000 Russian
residents, is the first white city in the
world to be run by yellow men.
THE last actor in the Manchurian
drama is trim Japanese minor Of
fetal Of the South Manchurian Rail-
road. He and his countrymen have
made the South Manchurian one of the
best railroads in Asia. This efficient
japanese has moved the Chinese mil
lions to the land, converted Dairen to'a
modern, Western style, asphalted city,
built steel mills, worked mines and
forests He helped to plant Japanese
colonists, but they could not compete
with the Chinese scale of living. Japa-
nese railroad operators are now content
to pour Manchurian products and divi-
dends, which Japan must have, across
Chosen Strait, but they cannot help but
wonder if the Chinese flood they have
let in will not submerge them as It
has, in turn, the hardy Manchu, the
strengthening Mongol and the Pus-
sian"