davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker., 1929-04-11

states forming the Colombian repub-
lie, and allowing them to dispose of
their rights to the subsoil as thew
pleased with certain minor restric-
tions. In 1886 the constitution of
Colombia was changed from a fed
eral into a centralized republic and
the rights of the various states to
the subsoil were again taken over
by the nation. This new constitu-
tlon adopted the rule of one of the
former states, according to which
emeralds and rocks salt remained
property of the national government;
gold, silver, copper, the property of
the departments and all the rest
(petroleum) became the property of
the owners of the surface. But a
previous law of 1873 provided that
all subsoil riches in the national
domains should remain the perpetual
and inalienable property of the ma
ton. These contradictory laws, in
addition to the imperfect land title
system Of Colombia and the fact that
it was not exactly known which are
national domains, gave the basis for
the continuous legal disputes and
rulings and overrulings by courts
and supreme courts and ministerial
decisions about the legality of past
concessions and even of the consti-
tutionality of the laws promulgated
recently. :.
At the time when the first oil
lands in favor Of naturalization, so
per cent participation of the gov
ernment on all oil explorations, and
submission of valid land titles were
enacted, the British concession
(Anglo-Persian Oil Company for a
region near the Panama canal was
discussed and rejected by the Colom-
bian congress. About the same time,
however, the Barco concession, which
was taken over by the South Amer
lean Gulf Company, owned by the
Mellon interests, was cancelled. 1t
appeared that Colombia tried to play
British interests against American
and that finally the Americans sue
ceeded in obtaining the desired
abandonment of all uhfavorablc
legislation.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
Wilbur FOR OIL
RESTRICTION
Ask Owners in Calf.
to Curtail

WASHINGTON, April 10. - An
appeal to owners of oil wells in the
Kettleman Hills district in Cali
fornia to curtail production has been
made by Secretary of Interior Will
bur.
His request is in line with the
administrations policy of restrict
it was explained at the interior de-
partment.
The Kettleman Hills district, it
was said, is checkerboarded by vari-
Gus leases, and drilling is heavy.
Though no definite reply has been
received from the Kett,eman Hills
group, Secretary Wilbur was repre-
sented as having hopes his appeal
will be accepted.
The Hoover administration is
struggling to restrict competition to
the Standard Oil Company, which
has pletny of oil above ground, and
does not want to see the price re-
duced.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
DEMAND union
RECOGNITION,
PAY INCREASE
Also for 44-Hr. Week;
Workers Laugh at AFL

Especial to the Daily Worker)
WILKES-BARRE, April TO-
Practically the entire force en-
ployed by the Goldsmith Silk Mill
in Plymouth, near here, and all Of
the night shift of the Goldsmith Mill
in Wilkes-Barre, walked out on
strike for more wages, less hours
and recognition of their union, the
National Textile Workers Union of
America.
A. F. of L. Unable to Hurt Strike.
That American Federation of La
Dor treachery and police brutality
have failed to injure the strike SEN
timent in this section can be seen
bg this new walkout, according to
statement issued yesterday by Or
ganizer Clarina Nicholson from the
unions Wilkes-Barre headquarters.
Picket Lines Formed.
Picket lines are already or duty.
Chief demands of the workers are:
Eight-hour day, 44-hour week, a
twenty per cent wage increase and
full recognition of the union.
A. r. of L. Urges Workers to Scab.
Attacks against the National Tex
tile Workers Union, its organizers,
and their valiant fight in leading the
silk workers here in struggles for
better conditions, were made by the
A. F. Of L. press and officials.
Members of the United Mine Work
crs Union of the A. F. of L., whose
relatives work in the silk mills here,
were urged to instruct their rela-
tives to scab on these strikes. The
miners and silk workers, however,
ignore these attacks and are fight
ing under N. T. w. leadership.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
Communist Candidates
Campaign Vigorously
i'm Newark Elections

NEWARK, N. j., April 1O.-A
vigorous Communist Party campaign
is being conducted for the City Com
mission, the local governing body
The Party is running three COM
missioners for the five places open
A straw vote conducted by the New
ark Ledger, gives the Communists
$40 votes, so far, as against 480 for
the socialists and 2,184 for the other
leading capitalist candidate.
The municipal election will take
place May Ia, to date neither the big
bourgeois nor the petty-bourgeoia
socialist party (Which has only one
candidate) have printed their plat
forms.
Anna Drenkowski, Samuel Levine
and Frank Fischer and other Com
munist Party speakers are holding
open air meetings throughout the
city. Next Saturdays meeting will
be held at Broome and Kinney Sts.,
Negro section.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
American Oil Commission
Leaves TO Fleece Colombia

WASHINGTON, April 1O.-An
American commission of petroleum
engineers sailed for Colombia on
March 27, according to a statement
issued by the Colombian legation
here. This commission is headed by
DR.. H. Foster Balm, chief of the
United States Bureau of Mines; ].
Steele of the U, S. Geological Sur
vey; Jose Amado Ibarra, a Mexican
petroleum engineer, and is said to
include among others also Ruma-
nian oil engineer.
The commission, after studying
the petroleum situation of Colombia,
will submit written report to the
Colombian Ministry of the Interior
about the best form Of the exploita-
tion of the national oil resources, on
pipe lines, exploration, participa-
ton of the government, taxes, sales,
reserves, etc.
The composition of the commits
sion leaves little doubt that the re-
port will satisfy the American oil
interests. The oil laws of Colombia
concerning foreign concessions and
exploitations have been continuous
ly changed, amended, revoked and
re-established since 1858.
In 1927 and 1928 laws for the ma
tionalization Of oil lands, for the
exploitation with government parti-
cipation, for the elimination of for
eign oil interests, through the sys-
tenn Of rigid requirements of titles
to the oil lands, were promulgated
or postponed and later revoked as
a result Of the friendly "interpro-
sitions" of the American minister
to Bogota and inquiries of the Amer
lean state department.
An old Spanish law of 1888 de-
clared all products of the subsoil,
regardless Of who the owner Of the
surface may be, property of the
crown. This ownership of the crown
was transferred to the nation by the
revolution of independence and con-
firmed by a degree of 1929. In 1858
this law was changed, when the
ownership Of the sub-soil was trans
ferred to the various confederate
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
Cal Succeeds Herrick
as Director of N. Y.
Life Insurance Co,

Calvin Coolidge yesterday ac-
cepted nomination as a member of
the board of directors of the New
York Life Insurance ompany, to sue
coed the late Ambassador Myron T.
Eerrick.
He is the second former president
to be on the board, Grover Cleve-
land having served from 1905 until
his death, in 1908.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
Establish New Science
Institute in the USSR

LENINGRAD, U. s. S. R., (By
MaiD.-During 1929 the following
cargo-and-passenger express lines
will function between Leningrad anc
western ports: Leningrad to London
with a stop in Hull, Leningrad to
Hamburg and Leningrad- Stockholm.
Regular traffic will be maintained
between Leningrad and Hamburg,
Leningrad and Havre and between
the Baltic and Black Seas with stops
at all ports of Western and South
ern Europe and Northern Africa
lying on the way.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
Vets Confident Bill
Repeating Dry Law
Will Pass i'm Illinois

SPRINGFIELD, H., April 10
u,Rl,-Wets in the Illinois Assembly
were confident today they would be
able to force through the House the
Weber-O'Grady bill providing for
the repeal of the state dry law en-
forcement act.
Their optimism ran high after a
referendum clause, which would
submit the controversy to a state
wide vote in November, 1880, was
inserted in the bill and passed the
House yesterday, 76 to 81. The bill
comes up for final reading and vote
next week.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
Cooperative Aims to
House 81 NTWULocaIs

NEW BEDFORD, Mass. (By
Maip.-The Textile Mill Workers
Cooperative, which received a char
ter last Saturday, is planning to Sc
cure a building to house the 80 To-
Gals of the National Textile Work
ers Union, of which Eli Keller is or
ganizer. Keller is also president of
the cooperative.
1t is expected that the shares of
the cooperative will be sold within
the next three months. A building
will be bought or built which will
contain the largest hall in the city.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11

PH0LSTRY FIRM
CLOSES, PAY or
WORKERS kept
Needing Jobs, Must
Waste Time

Los ANGELES, Calf, (By MaiD.
The workers of the Acme Uphol-
stering Company recently lost their
wages when this company was
forced into bankruptcy by creditors.
A few weeks ago the sheriff closed
the doors of this company, tying up
the pay of fifty workers. These
averaged about $50 each or a total
Of $1,000.
Workers Pay Held Up.
A few of these workers moved to
protect their wages, and filed me-
chanics liens against the company.
They had to spend about two full
days to file their claims, time badly
needed to look for another job. The
bourgeois creditors are now block
ing these workers in their efforts
to get their money from the bank
rupt firm.
The receiver is always "out" so
the workers cannot present their
claims to him. Some of them, the
lucky ones, already found another
job. The others are looking for
work, and cannot "haunt" the re-
ceiver's office to find that elusive
guardian of the bosses interests.
I. Cronen, former head of the
Acme Upholstering Co., now has
another shop of which he is the sole
owner. Just before the company
went "broke" about S7O0 worth of
frames were sold to this firm.
Labor Laws for Boss.
The Acme Upholstering Co. start
ed about ten years ago with a cap
ital of $4,000 put in by four stock
holders. During this time these
stockholders have lived on the fat
of the land off the surplus profits
wrung from their "loyal workers."
When pinched a little hard by
other capitalists they went into
bankruptcy, and started some other
business. Now their workers are
left without even their last weeks
pay, which their bosses are doing
their best to avoid paying. Labor
laws are certainly made for the
bosses.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
CALHOUN SHOWS
Up MUSTE FAKE
'PROGRE:SSIvES'
Follow Communists, y
Says Brookwood Man

KATONAH, N. Y, April 5 (By
MaiD Arthur w. Calhoun, men,
Der of the faculty of Brookwood
College, in his speech at the stu
dents forum, on the new "progres-
sive" or Music movement pointed
out he is opposed to it because of
its make up of social democratic
centrism. 1t will evidently be a bull
wark of the capitalist class, he said,
as for example the socialist parties
role during the world war and after.
Calhoun analyzed the German So
cialist party's joining the war, and
said today that they are boasting
about the fact that they prevented
the German workers from setting up
the dictatorship of the proletariat.
The role played by Ramsay Mac
Donald is similar now, he said, in
Great Britain.
All Discredited.
"If we turn to the American la
Dor movement" said Calhoun, 1--WE
see that most of the progressives
are the socialists, who are tools in
the hands of the reactionary lead
ers of the A. F. of L. to break the
most militant unions. Now these
progressives speak of organizing
the unorganized, and militant ac-
tion. One old star of the so-called
progressives, John Fitzpatrick, on
the attack of the A. F. of L. against
Brookwood, spoke at a large mass
meeting defending the school and
at the same time resigning from
the board of directors and accepting
the decision of Bill Green and Mat /
Woll. This is the kind of people |
that the progressives can reach to
lead the workers in the militant |
struggle to organize the unorgan-
ized."
Some of them are the sharehold-
ers in the oil trust and leader of |
the Second International, Mr.. M.
Hillquit, Mr.. Abraham Beckerman,
the union breaker of the A. C. W.. A.,
of A., and the Reverend Norman
Thomas, in whom the workers have
lost their faith completely.
Communists Will Lead.
"What can the workers expect if !
such a movement should become
factor in the American labor move
ment? Nothing more than agents of
capitalism" Calhoun declared. "The
only way l can see clear" said the I
speaker, sis that the Communist
Party will lead the American work
ers in the class struggle towards
workers control"
Il myself was a member of the
socialist party and know just how
far these people will go, and 1 don't
choose to affiliate with that gang
any more"
A general discussion by the stu
dents followed. Most of them ex-
pressed their disagreement with this
new progressivism." Some of the
students came out clearly and de-
nounced the whole outfit that will in
the main mislead the workers in the
present fight for real class-conscious
unions.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
$4,000 FOR BROKEN BACK

A sealed verdict, opened yester-
Gay in the supreme court here,
awarded $4,000 to Mrs. Nola Diess,
whose back was broken when fire
escape fell On her. The suit was
brought against William Nelson
Cromwell, prominent lawyer. who
owned the building at 6 Barclay St.,
to which the fire escape was at
tached.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
Judge Aids Policeman
Accused of Smuggling

The fate of Policeman John T. Nc
fntyre, charged with being an ac-
complice to an international snug
Cling ring, rested with jury in
federal court today.
Judge Henry w. Goddard, in
charging the jury, said it was un-
likely that a man with as high a
character as witnesses attributed to
Mcintyre would be involved in such
g. crime.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
MERGE FLYING FIELDS

Two famous airports of the me-
tropolis, Curtiss Field and Roosevelt
Field on Long Island, merged into
one identity today when Curtiss
Field was taken over by Roosevelt
Field, Inc, new organization re-
Gently incorporated here.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
textile LOCALS
UNITEFOR MAY |
To Open Wage Fight
at New Bedford

NEW BEDFORD, Mass, April
10.-Eli Keller, organizer of the left
wing National Textile Workers
Union, has announced that the 80
locals of the union have rented the
Bristol Arena for their May Dav
celebration.
The City Central Committee. in
which the locals are united. met
last Thursday night and decided to
make the revolutionary holiday the
beginning of a campaign for a GEN
eral increase in wages of 20 per
cent for all textile workers in the
city. The forty-hour week will be
one of the slogans of the meeting.
George Pershing, member of the
Young Workers Communist League,
and cousin of the jingo general, will
be one of the speakers.
Elaborate May Day celebrations
will also be held in New York Citv,
where the local district office of the
Communist Party asks other cities
TO send programs of their Nav Day
meetings.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
LEAGUE DELAYS ON RUM

GENEVA, April 10 (UP).-The
economic committee of the League
Of Nations postponed today until its
June session a final decision on
whether the league will undertake
international control of smuggling
in alcoholic drinks.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11

The lower middle class. the small
manufacturer, the shopkeeper, the
artisan. the peasant. all these fight
against the bourgeoisie, to snve
from extinction their existence as
fractions of the middle class. They
are therefore not Revolutionary, but
cOnservative.-karI Marx (Commu-
MIST ManifestOl.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11

Not only has the bOurGeOisie
forged the weapons that bring
death to itself; IL has also called
into existence the men who are to
WELD those wenpOns--the modern
working cIass-the proIetarians.-
Karl Marx Communist Manifesto).
The daily worker., 1929-04-11
PLANE UNBOUND

SYDNEY, Australia, April 1Q.-
Search for the misgiag .moncplane
Southern Cross continued without
result today. Rescue planes failed
to sight Captain Charles L. Kings
ford-Smith and his three compan-
ions, despite native reports from the
Drysdale River Mission that the
plane had been seen near there.
The daily worker., 1929-04-11

The other classes decay and finally
disappear in the face of modern In
dustry; TIKI proletariaf is its special
and essential p-oducf.-2arl Mnrs
fCOI~munisf Man.fesfoD.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-06-30
BENEFIT
OF CITY seen
Maps In National Public
alton Depict Location
or City AS Pert

~ M#WmMM NMHN@
That the BROWNSVILLE lnleLHat-
Al airport has brought more pu0hcl-
~ TO the city in less than one year
than an other features found mere
ever have before. Is further proved
in the most recent issue Of toroSs
MAGAZINE. which shows BroWnSvlllI
verv advantageously on q nalloilai
air map.
The map is complete n every &C.
tail. with a legend Of AR lines lo-
passengers only. mail only, pasaeh-
gers and mail. mail and expires
PASSENGER. mail and express. IoI-
eien mail and passenger a-r-IAll
connections and afr taxi s-alloii
tcharter s%ervicel.
BROWNSVILLE Is clearly shown a.
the most important INTERNATIONAL
airport with lines stretching our 1o
Mexico CITY and to the Pacl .c
ocean AZ it's foreign feeders Nhle
lines TO san Antonio. Corpus ChIls-
ii and on to che east show the ctl (
strategic position. Pan-Amerlcin
air routes are shown in a box at lle
bottom Of the map and Brownsville
as the start Of the line 20 MeNlco
CITY comes in for another prom
inent position.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-06-30

C-Lcnt when NE was threatened with
arrest for contempt OF the commit
Zee.
No OfTen1c Meant
"Nr. Burlington and ! stated %
the committee that we meant no
reelection Nj an On Congressman
Garner. and believe the press. in
fairness. should emphasize this fact.
n repeat that Congressman Garner
has been my personal friend for
many years, and ! have the highest
regard fer his character. honesty
and patriotism. though We do not
always hold the same political be-
I-cl.'
The difficulty arose when BUlling-
Tom asked a witness whether she
thought "Johu N Garner. democrat
ic minority leader is aligned with
tho crcOkrd HidalEo county ring "
Senator Mcclellan halted what he
termed an "unWarranted attack on
enc Who was not present. and sub
cs1ueltly warned Creager not 20 b
in contempt, for We don't want Ia
arrest YOU
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-06-30
CHANGE OPENS
I HOUSE DATE
Y. w. G. A. Camp At Rio
Hondo Moved Up On Ac-
count of Fete

"A gypsy wedding featured the en-
tertainment at Campo Del Arroyo.
the Y. w. G. "A. camp for girls near
Rio Hondo at their open house this
week. A number Of parents Of girls
In the camp. and others interested
in It's work were present.
Those taking part in the enter
tainment were Frances Creager.
prophecies: Blanche Patton. king
Jean KreiSler. child: Nellie Holland,
bride: Mabel Humble. groom
Ruthelyn Jessup. Adelaide Fox.
Christine Fontonot and Marie
Workman, chiefs; and Madge Sin
ger. Elizabeth Washington, Ona Fay
McLaGe .. spokesman.
Open house this week will be
changed to Friday instead OF
Thursday night. because OF the
Fourth Of July celebration in
Brownsville. Any parents wishing
70 take their girls home for the
Fourth are asked to make the an
nouncement at the time of registra-
traticn Monday morning.
The fifth week OF the camp. July
g to July IA. is open to any girl over
10 years old. and there are a few
vacancies.
Directors OF the camp wish To ex-
press their gratitude for II palms
trees donated for the camp grounds
by George Fletcher. and to the
Hartex Transfer and Storage COM
pany for the transportation Of the
trees.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-06-30

ment III the design Of propellers fo-
e.-plaue5.
His latest tests have been with
two short double bladcd pr0pellers
arranged in tandem. and nc is con-
fdrnt that this now arrangement
Will prove advantageous for use
On scaDiancs, flying boats, dirigible5,
and even On airplanes where one
double bIadEd propeller II the rule.
Tests made with tho tandem pro-
pcil-rs showed. according to Mr..
Pocd. that tho efficiency Of q four
b'7dcd rrcpeLcr could be achieved.
They were easier 70 crank. easier
b shin and superior TO the two
hi7dCn propeller.
SC3plcC7s. flying boats and dirigi-
h'c- REQUIRE q short Dia6cd propeller
--CaIs1 they have n limited space
ln which ~ rcvoive. This Is not
generally true with airDlanes. so
that the development OF highly ef-
ftCcnt short bladcd propollers has
not been 50 vital there.
The f0ur-bladed propeller, which
" very costly and intricate III de-
IGN. solved the problem Tor sea-
planes end other planes requiring
1hOr. hiaLcd props"
Mr.. Reed believes that ordinary
double bladed p%roPcilcrs. eight feet
Iona. can hc placed in tandem four
inches apart to set the same re-
suits.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-06-30
LOCAL BANK TO

Continued from page H.
man In charge OF this new ser
vice
The bank is empowered 70 act z
trustee. executive, admlnistratsr
registrar or stocks and bonds. guar
dian Of estates. assignee. receives
committee or estate OF lunatlc
and fl many other fiduciary capa
cities.
Granting or this permit will en-
able the Merchants National Ban
to offer a complete service 70 Oh
customers" Gregg said.
The bank already IS a govern
mcnt depository.
The certificate issued BY III
federal reserve board and signed B.
r.. IA. Young. governor, and =. M
McCleiland. assistant secretary
reads.
Pursuant ID authority vested II
the Federal Reserve Board by TIN
act of congress approved Decembc
23. 1913. known as The Federal f.
serve Act. as amended by the ac
Of September &C. 1918 the Mer
chants National Bank Of Browns
vile. has been granted the righ
to act. when not in contraventiul
Of state or local law, as trustee, exc
cut0r. administrator. registrar Y
stocks and bonds. guardian OF ~
tates. assignee. receiver. committe
of estates nj lunatics. OR In an.
other fiduciary capacity. In wliCI
state banks. trust companies o
other corporations which come int
competition with national banks
are permitted % act under the laW.
Of the state Of Texas. The eXercIs
ar such rights shall be subject NJ
regulations prescribed by the fed
eral reserve board.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-06-30

Continued from page IN
growth of this paper. this city and
this section.
MIR. P"ENDERGRAFT let me have
this column today to say "Adios."
Would like to mention the name
Of every reader, but that is impos-
sible, because The Herald has many
thousands OF them.
It Is even impossible to recall
the names Of all who make The
Herald. for thousands OF persons
arc concerned in the making OF
The Herald every DAY, as they are
IN every other daily newspaper.
So I will be content TO in this
manner convey my cordial good
wishes to those employed directly
On. The Herald. who are.
Charles A. Rel. w. L. Fender
graft. William Brown. ST.. @. l..
Wright. Orlin Vandever. Hymen
Plenn. William Brown. Jr., James
Risinger. Aurelio Sanchez. Emory
Christian. Bernice Hutton. Marie
Jones. Marjorie Rel. Russell Abr.
Hazel Downs. Howard Hamilton.
George Dixon. Ramon Becerril
Gilbert A. Cerda. Claire Key. r. 3.
Wood. Ross Jones. H. P. Myers,
Melquiades Borgas. ID. ID. Wright,
Ernest Phillips. N. r. Cook. r. z.
Bulloch. L. z. Harwood. Hal Eus-
taco. II. O. Stilwell. Jr.. J. s. Rob
crtscn, O.. Fl. Magee and Mrs. Z. G.
Brady.