davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-01
GEORGIAN ISSUES
SUIT Statement
Former Representative Upshaw
Cites Coed Faith in Paying
on Sums to Bank.

Former Representative Upshav OF
Georgia has issued 4 statement in
answer to reports concerning suit filed
against him here by the Peoples Ma
tional Bank ut Rocky Mount. Va.
The money involved in this trans
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-01

Movie fans OF Germany are taking an
increased interest in educational and
Institutional films
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-03-01

Girls are more apt in learning to
swim than boys. says the education
committee Of London.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

vision Of the Department of Justice, at
Leavenworth, Kans.; Atlanta. Ga, and
Mcneil Island, Wash. At Chillicothe,
Ohio. using an old Army camp as a
temporary base of operations. we are
making brick and building an industrial
reformatory intended for boys and
young men convicted of first-offense
felonies. At Anderson, w. Va, within
the past year. the Federal Government
has completed a penal and correctional
institution modernly equipped and MAIN
tanned with the constant aim to en-
brace the best features of the best insti-
buttons of its kind in the country. 1t
compares favorably with any in the
world. 1t is known as the Federal In
dustrial Institution for Women.
These five institutions are used to
confine practically all the so-called
long term" prisoners who have violated
Federal laws. The average number of
inmates was nearly 1900 day during
1928.
For the last 10 years the Federal
prison population has increased at an
average rate of about 10 per cent year
A special committee of the House of
Representatives, of which Representa-
tice Cooper of Ohio was chairman. did
valuable work this Winter in investigat-
ing the housing conditions in Federal
prisons and ascertaining whether proper
employment was being furnished. This
committee pointed out that the Leaven-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

reach his mind and heart and purpose.
On the other hand, during that same
time, by improper handling, he can be
further fixed in lawless attitude OF
self justification.
Every effort should be made to sur
round the newcomer in prison or jail
with wholesome cleanliness and contacts
designed to preserve, not to crush, his
self-respect This should be done at
first, even if he must later be moved to
less desirable place.
And In urging this have no purpose
of providing criminals with de luxe"
jails and prisons. I do appeal for decent
places of confinement, where real and
enlightened effort Is made to diagnose
and correct the lawbreaker's physical
and mental EMBELLISHMENTS.
To remove all of our Federal prisoners
from local jails and State institutions is
impractical. There is no place to which
to remove them, and for the Federal
Government to parallel State and county
institutions all over the country would
needlessly multiply institutional expense.
It is more practical and sensible to focus
public attention on the jail problem as a
part of our general crime reduction
campaign and for State and Federal
Government to work together for i'm
provement In the institutions already
being maintained.
The United States Government MAIN
tains penitentiaries, under the super
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

It is small wonder that man who,
as an inspector of prisons, visited APP
proximately $500 jails and penal insti-
buttons in the United States, summed
them up as follows:
II say that 95 per cent of the jails of
America, however widely separated, are
driving with uniform efficiency toward
one great end-the making of hardened,
vicious and abandoned criminals"
And, If we seek further evidence on
this point, we have these words from a
report of committee of experts ap-
pointed by the American Prison Assoc1-
alton:
1T is a fact well known to all who
have given careful study to the subject
that the county jails Of the United
States are breeding places and schools
of crime, and that there is no more
prolific source of crime"
And let it be here remembered that
giving short sentences will not avoid the
exposure of defendants to such crime
contagion, since long-term institutions
are uniformly better than county jails,
which are mainly used for misdemeanor
sentences or for temporary detention.
Failure effectively to tackle the jail
problem in the United States Is blind
and self-destructive negligence on the
part Of society, for during the first few
days of incarceration of law breaker,
when impressions, sights and sounds
and contacts are fresh, Is to be found
the greatest opportunity for society to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

institutions for the maintenance Of
daily average of nearly 5000 Federal
offenders. These were sentenced for
short terms for misdemeanors or were
defendants awaiting trial. Over the
care and management of these priS-
oners the Federal Government can
exert no direct control 1t only re-
quests and suggests. And State and
local prison wardens and jailers often
ignore suggestions for betterment OF
the condition Of the prisoners.
Some of these institutions are mod
ern and properly conducted: many are
not. And in some that are not, local
OF Gals who are perfectly willing to
cooperate for betterment are unable
to do SO, not only for lack of funds. but
for lack of interest and understanding
of the local public.
To mention one city or State as the
possessor of disgraceful jail or prison
is simply to discriminate In favor of
hundreds of other cities and of other
States maintaining similar or worse
places of detention, and, furthermore,
some of the institutions cannot be de-
Scribed or pictured. In the language
of one of our inspectors, They have
| to be smelled" to be fully understood.
| There are some cities and several States
where an alert civic spirit stimulates
| the maintenance of jails and prisons
conforming to Notwithstanding Amer
lean standards of civilized treatment,
| including cleanliness of building and
beds, contact with conSecrated, high
type officials and daily labor, with
wages paid for 1t.
But we still have far too many city
and county jails which are in effect
relics of the Dark Ages when criminals
were dealt with by studied cruelty and
brutality. Within them are thousands
of cells into which the light of day never
enters and which are not even tlluIni-
mated by electric or gas lights. Many
are below ground, their floors covered
with the Shiny filth of ground seepage
or defective plumbing. Their walls,
floors and bedding, If there is any bed
ding at all, are infested with myriads of
vermin of every variety, which appar-
emily thrive on infreQuent applications
of disinfectant and exterminators. Sewer
rats invade the cells and scamper across
the PROSTATE bodies and the faces Of
sleeping prisoners.
Into cells originally designed for one
occupant are crowded four or i've
prisoners or even more. Drug addicts
are confined with non-addicts. Tuber-
cular prisoners and those suffering from
loathsome and contagious diseases use
the same bedding, the same tin drink
ing cup, the same dishes and the same
wash-ard-bath tub as healthy inmates.
For the most part, the prisoners in
such Anticipated institutions are main
tanned in deadly, soul-destroying idle
ness. They have little to read. Their
food may be and often is nothing more
than bread, water and soup. Two meals
day. the second consumed at noon,
may constitute the only fare. This is
often the case where the sheriff or jailer
operates the place of confinement on
the system under which the county or
city pays SO or rs cents q day for each
prisoner fed and the sheriff Is allowed
to pocket whatever surplus exists above
actual cost of food furnished.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

worth Federal Penitentiary now has
within its walls more than twice the
number of prisoners it was intended to
accommodate. The normal capacity of
the Atlanta Penitentiary is 1,712, and
upon the day the committee visited 1t
there were 3,l07 prisoners in that insti-
tuition Hundreds of men were sleeping
in dark, nl-ventilated Easements and
corridors.
These overcrowded conditions are not,
as has been often charged, the result Of
prohibition enforcement. As a matter
of fact, one-third of the Federal prison
population at the close of the fiscal
year of 1923 was inearcerated for vio-
lation of the drug or narcotic act. There
were in the Federal prisons in 1928
twice as many drug offenders as liquor
offenders. And there we're more pris-
oners confined to the Government pen
itentiaries for violating the national
automobile theft law than for prohibit
ton offenseS. Furthermore, there were
practically as many men and women
imprisoned In the penitentiary for vio-
lationS of the Federal postal and bank
ing laws as for prohibition offenses.
IT Is the purpose of the Department
of Justice to bring the adninistra-
ton of its prisons Up to level that
shall not only meet the standards es-
tablished in States where prison condi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07
Lincoln Pew in Church Here Is Memorial to His Devou

The snow had been falling and as the
young men started out Of the street
door near to DR.. Gurley's study they
saw fresh footprints, and one ex-
claimed:
"one of those men was Abraham
Lincoln."
How do you know" asked the
other.
Look at those footprints! Abraham
Lincoln has the biggest feet in Wash
ington, and those are his footprints"
THE young men hurried in the d.
rection of the White House, reach
ing there in time to see President Lin
coin and a Secret Service man enter
ing the grounds. They rushed back
to DR.. Gurley, who was still IN the
church, and asked in great excitement
if he knew that President Lincoln had
attended prayer meeting that night.
Rather perturbed, DR.. Gurley inquired
as to how they knew. They told their
story. He then very earnestly requested,
upon their honor. that they keep to
themselves what they had learned. He
told them he had been aware OF Presl-
dent Lincolns presence in his STUDY
each Thursday evening and mad ar
ranged, at his request, that his visits
be kept secret. These young men prom
Used, and kept their promise. The pres
ence of Abraham Lincoln at Thursday
night prayer meetings, seated in the
study Of DR.. Gurley. near the partly
opened door, where he could hear the
services without being seen, was never
revealed to the general public or to
those attending the meetings.
There had been some rumor about
| that time that President Lincoln might
| join the church. In reply to two church
members who asked DR.. Gurley II 1t
were notwithstanding remark
which had been made by some minis.
tiers that they wished they could build
a church which Lincoln could join
he said, with a smile:
when President Lincoln is ready
to become a member of our church we
will be quite ready to receive him."
DR.. Gurley, always very reticent con-
corning anything connected with the
President, to whom he was very close,
| did not choose to say more.
| DR.. Sizoo the present pastor OF Lin
coins church, is perfectly satisfied In
his own mind that had President Lin
coin been spared he would In a very
short time have been taken into full
membership of the church. The rec
| ords reveal this.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

From the prosecutors standpoint
realize the urgent necessity Of promptly
apprehending, trying, convicting and
adequately Furnishing every violator of
our Constitution and laws. But beyond
that, and fully as important. is an
other obligation: To make the places
where criminals are confined places of
correction and readjustment to normal,
lawful living as well as punishment.
to jails and prisons so unintelligently
managed as to be merely "svhool-
houses of crime is folly, and defeats
much of the effort put into law en-
forcement.
Let it be understood that this is not
q plea for a general "Softening" of
penalties for the commission of crimes,
for the imposition of shorter sentences
or for a prison policy amounting to
''coddling" Of law breakers. 1t is rather
plea for stern enforcement Of law
hand in hand with common sense and
the application of scientific knowledge
to the problems of the restraint and
punishment for crime. Such plea is
not in the interest alone or even largely
of the incarcerated man. It is in the
interest and for the benefit of society
rs a whole.
TT is estimated that more than four
= hundred thousand men, women and
children leave the jailS, penitentiaries
and reformatories throughout the Ma
ton every year to take up their resi-
dence mostly in the congested centers
Of population. 1t is q fact, susceptible
of proof, that many of them leave
these places of confinement more en-
FILTERED toward society, more a menace
to their fellowmen than when they
entered Jail doors or prison gates.
II they have been under a bigoted,
self-advertising, stupid or corrupt war
den their minds are seething foments Of
hatred, rebellion, craftineSs, vengeance,
cupidity, lust-all intensified by the
settled conviction that so-called ire
spectacle" society has no place for
them. Their power for damage and
evil has been vastly increased by re-
sentiment against favoritiSm and by the
schooling of those older and more ex-
perienced in crime.
That something must be done" with
the lawbreaker is the only point of
agreement of legislator, prosecutor, pub
lie. prison official, social worker, pSy-
chologist and Judge. But, disagreeing
as to what that something" is, we have
appropriated year after year larger
amounts to capture and restrain the
enemies of society than to rehabilitate
and care for prisoners. But all of the
appropriation made annually for the
whole Department of Justice, including
the courts, investigation and prosecu-
ton of lawbreakers, and all penal and
correctional institutions. amounts to
less than the cost of modern battle
ship. We spend much less for prisons,
probation and parole than We do to
fight the boil weevil, to check hog
cholera and to prevent tuberculosis
among cattle.
THERE are many violatorS of Fed
eral laws who are not In Federal
prisons or reformatories. The Govern
ment during 1928 paid State and local
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07
Junior High Schools.

THE growth of the junior high school
movement in rural sections has been
extensive, according to survey by the
Department of Agriculture, but serious
limitations in the way Of buildings are
holding the expansion back.
A special study was made of 13l such
schools, to find what provision had been
made for this new step in the onward
march of education. OF the 13l schools
only IL were housed in separate build
ings, and one of these was not erected
with Junior high school use in view.
Forty per cent had no gymnasiunns, 20
per cent no auditoriums, and nearly so
per cent no provision for cooking or
science.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

feet, limped across the stage, stopped
and shouted, "Sic semper tyrannis."
The spell of horror was broken as
some one called out: 1T Is John Wilkes
Booth!"
Pandemonium reigned. People scram-
bled down aisles and over the backs Of
seats, some in the direction Of the van
ishing Booth, others in the direction of
the box in which the tragedy had taken
place.
Not until then was it learned by the
audience that the President OF the
United States had been shot. A ply
stefan was quickly helped over the bal
usyade and others soon followed. The
shot had entered the Presidents head
back of the ear, the bullet being Inn
bedded in the brain. He was stu
breathing, but unconscious. Carried
down the stairs and out of doors, he was
taken across the street into the house
which Is now known from the plate on
the outside as the house in which Presi-
dent Lincoln died, and In which are
housed many precious Lincoln relics.
President Lincoln fingered through
the night, passing to the great beyond
early the next morning, April is, 1866.
Only So short years Of life, but how
crowded with pain and sorrow, as well
as with honor and glory!
The body of the martyr President,
covered with an American nag, was car
ried from the house in which he died
through streets hushed and quiet, flags
at half-mast, gay decorations replaced
by black draperies. to the White House.
from which he had gone, so at peace
with the world, only few hours be-
fore. To an upper room In the private
HxYifHar ntfaPfnPe the kHfnAHy ri n
| dent was taken. There he lay for three
days, until the public claimed It's right
! to look for the last time upon his face
Upon magnificent catafalque, in the
great east room, the body was placed
=! In a steady stream, all day long, q sor-
rowing people passed the CONN. At
! night, when the gates were closed, La
| fayette Square and adjoining streets
were still crowded with those who had
not been able to gain access to the
White House.
The next day, April 10, the funeral
was held in the room where the body
had lain IN state. President Llncoins
| friend, Bishop Simpson, and his pastor,
| DIR. Gurley, conducted the services. The
| greatest Of our Nation were there
members of the cabinet, diplomats,
Senators, representatives Of churches, Of
courts and of commerce. Mrs. Lincoln
was PROSTATE, not able to- leave her
4 room. Mrs. Lincoln's beloved little son,
Tad, could not be induced to come down
/ stairs, SO Robert Lincoln, bowed with
grief, was the only member Of the Lin
coin family present.
/ \ X \
ATT o'clock the tolling Of bells an
- nounced that the services were
e-,.ia1. A few rne,nsns- 4tater the CONN,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07
Ad
DerSg Arr-Bei oHne Intended to Join New

The God whom we adore,
Be glory. as 1t was, is now,
And shall be evermore."
This hymn was shown to Mrs. Lin
coin, who expressed the desire to have
it sung at the vault. From q little sta
ton they were approaching 1t was tele-
graphed ahead, and upon the arrival of
the funeral train copies had been print
ed and Mrs. Lincolns wishes were COM
Piled With.
The flag which covered the coffin Of
Abraham Lincoln on its journey from
washington to Springfield, ILL.,, is now
carefully preserved in a glass case in
the Office Of the Secretary of War, in
the State, War ard Navy Building-a
precious relic Of the Nation.
\ + X X
MANY differences Of opinion have
been expressed as to Lincoln's at
titude toward religion. He was a con-
slant attendant Mt the New York
Avenue Presbyterian Church. His pew
is now pointed out to visitors. A silver
plate marks 1t, and silken cord pre-
vents any from entering. Only by in
vitation Is it occupied.
On the Sunday previous to Lincoln's
birthday an invitation is always ex.
tended to the President Of the United
States and the First Lady of the Lane
to attend divine services, at which tht
silken cord Is raised.
On other occasions foreign Ambas.
sailors and various dignitaries of thi.
and other countries have been invited
TO attend church and to sit in Lincoln:
pew. The Egyptian Minister, a shori
I al
formerly belonging to Lincoln.
During Lincoln's life, fact which
was known to but few was that he at
tended frequently Thursday night prayer
! meeting. The study used at that time
by DR.. lGurley could be reached In two
ways-through q door opening di.
rectly into the prayer meeting room
and through door leading into hall.
way. One evening two young men had
occasion to leave the meeting and &C
into the study for a book The room
was In partial darkness, but they saw two
men near the door which opened direct
~ into the prayer meeting room, one
sitting directly behind the other, with
the door slightly ajar.
These young men paid scant atten-
ton to the incident, but when, on the
following prayer meeting night, they
had occasion, near the close Of the
prayer meeting, again to 60 into the
study, they were surprised to see the
same two men, apparently, sitting in the
same position, the one in front with
his head bent forward listening at
tentively.
They commented upon the strange
ness of the thing when they left the
room and determined TO return to find
out, II possible, who the strangers were
But they found the rooua vacant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

borne from the White House, was
placed in a magnificent funeral car and,
under military and civilian escort, was
taken to the Capitol. In the black
draped rotunda, the coffin was placed
on great catafalque After simple
prayer the funeral party left and the
body Of the martyr President remained
alone except for the guard Of soldiers
pacing back and forth.
The next day the public once again
was allowed to look upon his face. In
spite Of q steady rain, thousands Of
persons slowly passed up the steps of
the Capitol and through the rotunda.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

- NTY-FOUR years ago the world
was shocked by the news OF the
assassination Of President Lin
~ coin. On that fateful night.
Friday, April IA, 1866, within the
twinkling of an eye. deep and lasting
sorrow fell upon an entire Nation.
Lincoln had been in particularly high
spirits that day, it is said; happy at
the near prospect of firm and durable
peace at home and abroad.
He had that afternoon, as was his
usual custom, gone for a ride with Mrs.
Lincoln, returning late in the afternoon.
The intervening time between his
arrival home and the dinner hour was
spent in his Office with friends, laugh
ing, joking and reading aloud. The
reading was pleaSurable pastime with
him.
It is known that Gen. and Mrs. Grant
were to have been guests of the Presi-
dent and Mrs. Lincoln that evening at
Fords Theater to see Laura Keene, the
great actress, in the play Our Ameri-
can Cousin" but that at the last
moment they decided to start North,
and two young friends OF the President
and Mrs. Lincoln were invited to take
their places-the daughter of Senator
Harris and his Stepson, Maj. H. r.
Rathbone.
Had Gen. Grant been a guest that
evening in the Presidents box another
tragedy, it is believed, would have been
enacted. 1t Is history that there was
plot to assaSSinate those high in power
and to overthrow the Government.
It is not at all difficult to visualize
the entrance of the presidential party
into their box that evening-the audi
ence standing, waving of hats and
handkerchiefs, the orchestra playing
Hail to the Chief" smile on the
it Is dificult of belief that any one
could have contemplated entering that
box, filled with happy, smiling people,
with murder in his heart.
It is quite possible that this man,
with his sick, scared brain, who did
this monstrous thing, was seen as ne
passed behind the seats OF the dress
circle on his way to the Presidents box.
But 1t is very evident no one saw him
enter, draw a pistol and shoot to kill
this great and lovable man.
However, a shot was heard. the
play being unfamiliar to many, It was
not unnatural they should think It part
of the performance. Not so with men,
hers of the cast. the orchestra and the
alter attendants. They looked in amaze
ment and fear, endeavoring to locate the
direction from which the sound had
come. Soon puffs of white smoke
poured from the box of the presidential
party. In its interior Maj. Rathbone
was graphing with . man who struck
at him, infiicting a dagger wound, for
tunately not serious.
\ ~ y
THE assailant was seen to break
away, turn and jump lightly from
the box to the stage. AS he did 80, the
spur on his boot caught in the flag
draped about the box and he was
thrown to the floor, carrying shreds OF
the nag with him. Although his leg
= IVES badly injured, he Jumped to ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-04-07

The next morning, at 8 o'clock, after
a PRAYER by DR.. Gurley, the remains OF
President Lincoln, under military escort
and accompanied by members OF the
cabinet, Senators and Army and Navy
officers, were taken to the railroad sta
ton and placed on the train which was
to convey him to his last resting place.
a great tIrong gathered at the station
and stood in silence, with uncovered
heads. until the train moved on.
Filled with sorrow over the untimely
death Of his beloved friend and Presi-
dent, on Bonded knees Dr.. Guriey