davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
SPEED LIMIT OF AIRPLANES
LIKELY TO REACH NEW MARKS
Velocity Humans Can Stand Practically
Unlimited So Long as Rate Is Not
Changed Suddenly.

! and streamline. Except in taking off,
landing and watching for other planes,
there is no immediate danger if some
thing distracts the attention of the
pilot. Once at flying attitudes, he
might walk back into the cabin and ride
with his passengers without fear of hav-
ing the plane do more than veer off its
course slightly.
I remember reading an article in an
aviation magazine when I first started
flying in 1922 stating that commercial
transport aviation could never be sue
cessful with planes cruising at less than
80 miles an hour, because they would
be unable to buck the strong winds
which would be encountered on regu-
larly operated schedule. At that time
the air mail was carrying maximum
pay loads of about 400 pounds at an air
speed of 80 miles an hour with an en-
CINE of 400 horsepower. The barn
storming planes varied from so to 80
miles an hour in cruising speed.
Today even our sport planes are capa-
BILE of cruising at 80 miles, while the
air mail lines are demanding machines
capable of averaging from ITO to 125,
and the passenger transport which can
not cruise at lis miles an hour Is con-
sidered slow.
Speed in the Next Decade.
How fast will we be travelling in the
next decade? That depends largely on
the development of power units and
methods of propulsion. The faster
transports will undoubtedly be cruising
well over $50 miles per hour, while pur-
suit planes will be capable of develop
ing close to 300 If necessary. Racing
planes will push on toward the 400
mark and possibly go higher.
One of the most interesting contribu-
lions to aircraft design in 1923 was the
development by the National Advisory
Committee for Aeronautics of a new
type of cowling for radial air-cooled en-
gines. One of the main drawbacks of
air cooling has been the added head re-
sistance of radial motors. This has
been more than offset in commercial
operation by the saving in weight, to-
gether with added reliability and lower
maintenance. 1t has been conceded in
the past, however, that an air-cooled
engine detracted from to 10 miles an
hour from the top speed of the plane.
After carrying on extensive expert
mentS in the large wind tunnel at Lang
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
LIMIT ON BUILDINGS
NEAR A|RPORTS DUE
Experience of DeutsChe Luft-
hansa Indicates Zoning
Necessary.

Strict coming regulations to limit the
height of buildings and other obstacles
in the vicinity of airportS may eventu-
ally become necessary i'll all parts OF the
world, it is indicated by the experiences
of the Deutsche Lufthansa. the largest
European air transport company.
The LufthanSa officials have made
urgent recommendations for the reStrlc-
ton of building heights near airports,
according to information received here
from A. Douglas Cook. assistant trade
commissioner at Berlin.
1t is pointed out by the German COM
pany's experts that the size of airports
should depend primarily upon the per-
Torrance of planes using the airport.
1T is essential as we'll as customary
for planes to take off after taxing $50
meters Approximately $50 feet) at most
on the runways, and they should then
climb at the rate of to 20 to height
of at least 20 meters (787 feet)," 1t Is
stated in the Cook report.
THE German airport regulations at
present, however, require a field of 600
meters U,968 feet) in any direction,
bordered by a clear space, permitting
landings at an angle of to Is. Inso-
far as the size of the field is concerned,
these regulations have proved very sat-
isfactory, but, according to the Deutsche
Lufthansa, the landing angle of to IS
Is bit too steep for quite {. number
of planes which have high gliding
qualities.
This company contends that the
most practical height restriction is one
that would limit structures to permit a
plane to rise at an angle of to 20 from
the border of the field to height of
Is meters (nearly 1000 feet), and to
continue this restriction to all struc-
lures within radius of kilometers
Q,240 feet from each border of the
field.
"They further suggest that all fairly
tall structures in this zone be conspicu-
ously marked by red and white paint
by day and by red lights during dark
ness"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03

ley Field the N. A. G. A. discovered that
by cowling in the entire engine and
leaving an opening in the center of the
cowl to admit air for cooling, together
with a space around the back of the
cowl to permit the escape of this air in
a smooth flow, the speed of the plane
could be increased from to 10 miles
as result. The theory of the new
cowl Is that the turbulence created by
the cylinder heads is reduced to min
imum, thereby greatly decreasing the
drag Of the fuselage.
Aids to Faster Flight.
Another feature which may be incor-
porated in fast planes, especially of the
low-wing type, is the folding landing
gear. AS speeds increase the value of
stream lining the wheels into the wings
will become much greater Folding
gears have already been developed by
the amphibian type of plane, and al
though they have not been adapted to
land planes there is no serious obstacle
in the way. The possibility of the pilot
forgetting to drop the wheels before
landing could be eliminated by connect
ing the gear to the throttle control in
such a way that the throttle could not
be entirely closed as long as the wheels
were up.
The adjustable pitch propeller prom
Uses greater efficiency, both in take-oR
and cruising. The most desirable angle
of the propeller blades is small during
the first part of the take-off and in
creases as the plane gathers speed. The
present practice is to use a pitch mid
way between the best angle for cruising
and for take-off, with the result that
the maximum efficiency is not attained
in either case.
Geared engines promise better per-
Torrance for the plane and less noise
for the passenger, since the greatest
propeller efficiency Is at a lower speed
than that for the engine, and slow
moving blades cut down propeller noises.
All of these improvements will aid in
making the airplane of 1880 a vast
over those in service today.
Copyright, 1922
An article by Col. Lindbergh on the pres
ent and future Of aviation will appear each
week exclusively in Washington in The Sun
day Star.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
BY COL. CHARLES A. LINDBERGH.

The entire history of passenger trans
portation has evolved around the desire
of mankind to reach distant places, to
go there in comfort and safety, and to
lose as little time as possible en- route
For centuries it was thought that there
was limit to the speed human being
could stand, and that If man fell from
the top of cliff or high building he
would become unconscious from the
rapidity of descent long before striking
the ground. This theory has been dis
proved conclusively in the last few
years by actual test.
Parachute jumpers have allowed
themselves to fall freely for several
thousand feet before pulling their rip
cord and allowing the chute to open
In doing so they reached their terminal
velocity during the first part of their
descent: or. in other words, the air
resistance became so great that it coun-
teracted the acceleration or gravity,
and their rate of fall was constant
thereafter until they allowed the para
chute to open.
With the advent of the first railroads
there were numerous assertions that
people could not long Withstand speeds
as great as 20 or 80 miles an hour. To-
day. however, there seems to be no
limit to the straightaway speed we can
endure as long as the acceleration or
deceleration is not too rapid and there
is no sudden change in direction.
Land, Water and Air Speeds.
Racing records stand at around 100
miles an hour on the water, 200 miles
an hour on the land and 800 an hour in
the air. Commercial speeds, of course,
are considerably less, with fast ocean
liners cruising at about IS knots and
the best trains, except on special occa-
sions, at As to 70 miles an hour on long
hauls, while the modern air transport
cruises at an air speed of 100 miles an
hour and Is not retarded by the neces-
sity of following ship lanes and cover
ing extra miles of twists and bends In
rail beds.
Speed on the ground is limited by
lack of smoothneSS in the road, by the
necessity for quick turns and by stop
ping for cross traffic. A second or two
of inattention at any time while driving
at high speed is sufficient to cause an
accident. In the air, on the other hand
speed is limited only by horsepower
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
MOFFETT IS URGED
FOR POST BY N. A.A.
Reappointment as Chief OF
Navy Air Bureau Recon-
mended by Organization.

A forceful stand for the reappoint-
ment of Rear Admiral William A. Moi
felt as chief of the Navy Bureau of
AeronauticS, which he has headed since
1921, was taken by the National Aero
nautic Association last night in the
February issue of its official publica-
ton, Aeronautic Review.
The association takes violent issue
with the erroneous idea that has been
circulated that tradition precludes the
appointment of Admiral Moffett for a
third term. There are at least seven
admirals who have served more than
two terms as chiefs of Navy bureaus.
the association stated, one serving for
Is years, another for 16 years, a third
for Is years and a fourth for IL years.
Cites Reasons for Stand.
In its main editorial for the month,
the association says:
"The Aeronautic Review believes that
Admiral Moffett should be retained as
chief OF the Bureau of Aeronautics for
another term because:
"He is the best informed man in the
naval service today on the problems
and needs of naval aeronauticS;
"He has worked faithfully, efficiently
and aggreSsively for the development of
aeronauticS in the Navy through his
eight years of office;
HE is a man of broad vision who
realizes the possibilities of naval air.
craft in time of war;
"He has equipped the Navy with
modern, efficient and valuable aircraft;
1.-THE Bureau of Aeronautics is the
newest of the various bureaus in the
naval establishment and Is still in the
pioneering stage owing to the youth of
the subject with which it deals;
There is a tremendous program of
development in store for naval aero
nauticS which requires supervision by a
directing head who has Weathered the
storms of the early days. when prece-
dent, rules and regulations were lack
ing;
He has presided over the airmen de-
tailed to aeronautics with personal and
parental interest;
"He Is loved and admired by all in
the Navy who wear wings, and
Ellis retention will benefit aeronau-
tics, with which the National Aeronautic
Association is deeply concerned.
"TheSe by no means constitute all the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
10 HOURS OF NIGHT
FLYING REQUIRED
Orders Issued to Naval Pilots at
Pensacola-Student Aviators
Are Excepted.

An order requiring all Navy pilots
except student aviators at Pensacola
Naval Air Station to put in 10 hours
Of night flying, including at least 20
safe landings, prior to July /, has been
issued by the Navy Department.
The order will AFFECT approximately
1000 pilots, including aviators with the
feet and at shore stations and in the
Bureau Of Aeronautics here. BY July
every Navy pilot is expected to be ex-
perienced in all phases Of day and
night operations.
The Bureau of Aeronautics' flying
personnel will put in night flying
time at the Anacostia Naval Air Sta
ton. This station has been equipped
for night operations, and certain
amount of night flying has been con-
Quoted there as a regular portion of
the station routine. The increased
amount of night flying necessary to put
all Navy aviatorS in Washington
through the required course is expected
to begin within a few days.
The pilots with the feet will be re-
quired to take off from ship catapults
or from the decks Of the two new air
plane carriers and either to land in the
sea beside warships or on the decks OF
the carriers. Both land and sea planes
will be used at the shore stations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
ARMY-TRAINED FLYERS
PLAN AIR SERVICE CHAIN
George o. Neville, Byrd's Aide on
Polar Flight, Is Chairman of
Company's Board.

BY the Associated Press.
LOS ANGELES national chain of
super service air stations, to be operated
and manned by Reserve officers Of the
Army Air Service or former Air Service
officers or Army school graduates, is in
process of development by the Aero
motive Engineering Co. of America.
Organized by Carl D. Oppenheimer
of Los Angeles, lieutenant in the
famous Air Service flying pursuit unit,
the Black Falcons, the company has for
its chairman of the board George O.
Neville, former lieutenant commander
of the Naval Air Service, polar and
transatlantic flying companion of Rich
ard E. Byrd. Its general manager Is
William L. Shaffer, Reservist and men,
Der Of the Black Falcons pursuit group.
The first links in the national chain
of super-Service air stations will be on
the Pacific Coast, proposals having been
made at Los Angeles, San Diego and
Oakland for installations in the NUM-
eipal airports. -.---.A .-.. .----.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
CANADA TAKES TO AIR.

The Canadian government is PLAN
ming to place orders for 10 airplanes,
at an estimated cost of more than
100000, according to an announce
ment by the deputy minister of national
defense received here by the Depart
ment of Commerce
The planes will be used by the Royal
Canadian Air Force for training and
for civil government operations. A ma
jority of the planes will be light two
passenger types, although the orders
also will include several seaplanes, fly
ing boats and heavy transport planes.
The planes used for civil operations
will be employed in aerial photography
forest patrolling and grain busting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
New Air Navigation Map.

The Coast and Geodetic Survey is
preparing to publish a new type of air
navigation map. These charts are to
embrace four degrees of latitude and
will be nearly square, decided de-
parture from the old strip method. The
new charts will be easier to prepare and
will cover much additional territory so
would now be necessary to use three or
four strip maps.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
WILBUR ASKS CONGRESS
FOR AIRSHIP BASE FUND
$5, ZOO, 900 Appropriation Is Urged
to Provide Home for Two
Giant Dirigihles.

Congress was called upon by Secretary
of the Navy Wilbur this week to create
a 100000 naval airship base on the
Pacific Coast to house the two giant
6,500,000 cubic-foot dirigibles, for con-
Struction of which contracts have been
awarded. Secretary Wilbur suggested
an initial appropriation of 100000 to
start the work
Appointment of a board of naval Of
ficers to examine and report to Con-
gress upon locations and to prepare
recommendations and estimates in de-
tail should be authorized, he said.
Contracts for the two dirigibles were let
on October 6. The first of the ships is
to be completed in April, 1881, and the
other in July, 1882.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
STANDARD PLANE TESTS
URGED TO END DISPUTES
Aeronautical Chamber Of Com
merce Evolves Plan to Estab-
lish Performance Record.

The Aeronautical Chamber Of Com
merce has evolved plan, which it is
now striving to have universally
adopted in the industry, for standard
lied performance tests Of all CONNER
cial airplanes SO that there need be no
further disputes over the high speed.
climb, load carrying ability or speed Of
landing of any type airplane manufac-
tured in the United States.
AS contemplated, the official tests OF
any plane would be conducted under
supervision Of qualified universities and
technical schools and the results placed
on file with the aeronautical chamber
as permanent record.
Necessary instruments for measuring
performances would be supplied by the
institutions making the tests, but it is
believed the cost Of such tests will not
be excessive to the manufacturer eager
to prove the worth of his product.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
OIL FLOWS AT 40 BELOW.
Company Develops Lubricant to
Stand Polar Climate.

While Capt. Sir George Hubert VIII
kins and Ben Eielson were discovering
fine set Of islands in Antartica and
naming them after their hackers,
friends and even the oil company which
furnished them with motor lubricant,
the Pioneer instrument Co. of Brooklyn
got busy and developed an oil which
would function properly in navigation
equipment at temperatures as low as 40
degrees below zero.
So they radioed Sir George and got
permission to call it wilkins OIL" their
research having been prompted by his
complaint that it was necessary to let
his instruments run dry" in Arctic
lest congealing oil render them useless.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
Cleveland Airport Enlarged.

The Cleveland. Ohio, airport has been
improved considerably by the addition
of $50 acres of ground The total
acreage of the airport is now approx
mately 1000 Five new hangers are to
be erected soon. three of which are
under construction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03
go Planes Expected at Meet.

Approximately 60 airplanes of all
types are expected to participate In the
Tampa, Fla, February 81 and % and
to compete for prizes aggregating $500.
The Army and Navy will be represented
by formations of fighting planes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03

An article by Col. Lindbergh on the pres
ent and future of aviation will appear each
week exclusively in Washington in The sun
day Star,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03

10 the long list of brilliant Franklin road
MISUNDERSTANDING the famous transcontnental,
round.trip record, the New York to Chicago
speed record and numerous mountain climbs
another astonishing record is now added. Cannon
Ball Baker has just flashed from New York to
Miami in 81 hours, 10 minutes in stock
Franklin Sedan! 1541 miles with an average speed
of 1914 miles an hour Clipping hours, 81
minutes off the previous motor-car speed record
between these two points. Beating the fastest
crack train by hour, so minutes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03

J. rassenOsR sypep--WRsu.
ally conmodioas, 9 lees
whesahasA wide ersaA; nsw,
silent tfansmission, powered
By larger mofoe. Tie Sedan
priced t277s...as hctofy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1929-02-03

These facts are smazingl They are the neutral
result of the most progressive thing In automobile
design y-air-cooling- has revolution
lied aircraft motors and has given the new 1929
Franklin, performance of championship order.
Because of the powerful, swift, smooth perform
ance-the extremely quiet, quick second gear get
away ofthenew Hy -Flex transmission-the supreme
riding comfort and efortless control, franklin has
the drisfng feel Of airpsrs. Drive this dierenty
performing car-this record car. Experience that
thrilling airplane feel today.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-08-22
Personals

A. C. Chatfield, of Houston ar
rived Tuesday.
B. A. Lay is here from San An
tonic On business.
Mr.. and Mrs. f. c. Marsh. Of San
Antonio, are visiting the city.
II. C.. Chase, Of Harrington. spent
Monday here looking after business.
j. <. Hickey, of st. Louis, is in
town.
A. c. Dreyer. of the Missouri Pa
cific lines. was here Monday.
Miss Azalea Palmer. accompanied
by her sister, Is here from Corpus
Christi.
j. B. Phillips Of the Missouri Pa
fic lines, was in town Monday. His
home is in Houston.
a. G. Lloyd Of San Antonio is here.
Francis Blackburn is here from
San Antonio.
A. B. Metcalfe came in from Dali
las Monday.
j. F. Mulholland arrived from
Fort Worth Tuesday morning.
T. w. Marks is here from New
Orleans.
r. S. Lorimer. Of Chicago, arrived
Monday.
Emma c. Meagher. Of New Or
leans. Is in the city.
S. D.. Baker of Tampico was here
Monday.
M. l.. Pickett and A. S. Beavers.
Dallas. were in town Monday.
w. 7. Bacon and John a. st.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-08-22
Thin, Rundown
Mother Quickly
Gains 5 Lbs.

II gained s lbs. while taking
Ironized Yeast" writes Mrs. George
Decker. That means quite "a bit,
as my folks are both thin. What ]
prize most IL the difference in the
way I feel and the pep / have. Be
fore I took Ironized Yeast I had tc
hire a girl TO help me with any hard
work. But now I do all my house
cleaning lone"
People who had tried everything
else In vain write how they gained
5 to Is pounds in a few weeks. Skin
nv limbs quickly round into chubby
curves. Pimply skin clears up.
Tired feeling vanishes.
Only when Yeast is Ironized is 10
more effective-for Iron is needed 20
bring out the weight building and
strengthening valueT OF Yeast.
Pleasant tablets. Never aust gas or
bloating. safe-no harmful drugs.
So certain and quick are the
amazing health benefits Of Ironized
Yeast that the small amount you
pay for the first bottle will be
promptly refunded by your own
druggist or manufacturer If you
are not delighted.-Adv.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-08-22
Comings, Goine-s,
OF Local PeOnle

Mrs. G. j. Lester, Jr.. arrived
Thursday 10 be the guest Of her sis
ter. Mrs. Marshall Watson. Mrs.
Lester lives in Dallas.
Miss Marjorie Scott of Ennis and
Miss Virginia Baty Of Fort Worth.
who have been here for several days
visiting Miss Elizabeth Ruff left for
their homes Tuesday evening.
Mrs. z. H. Van Gundy. mother
OF Mrs. Neil Allen. and Mrs. z. s.
Sickle. her grandmother. who have
been here visiting her for the past
month. will leave Thursday evening
for their home in Decatur. III While
here they have been COMMUNICATED
with a number of social affairs.
Miss Stella Dickson is home
again after a vacation trip of about
three months. She visited in Fort
Worth and other north Texas
points. as we'll as Oklahoma, later
making a trip to Mexico City.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1929-08-22

ficient nourishment or sleep. Refu
thing of the past and the woman
in search of feminine loneliness eats
to hearts content.
Eating the proper foods for both
health and beauty is somewhat OF
an art, for what may cause all sorts
OBJ MISUNDERSTANDING eruptions on
one skin, may prove absolutely
harmless to another. /, therefore.
ask you to let your conscience be
your guide, and if rich foods must
be included in your diet to put on
those much needed pounds, choose
only those foods which will not de-
stroy the clear loneliness of your
skin.
Drinking one or two quarts Of
rich milk each day will do wonders
towards building flesh. The use Of
olive oil or butter for cooking in
place of other grease also is eff
fectual. Olive oil is Of the best
and most effective builders We have.
so if the throat or any other part
Of the body appears undernourished,
simply massage warm olive oil gen.
erously over the skin each day.
After two or three weeks of such
treatment a slight change will be
seen. Continued for two monts.
these treatments will, indeed, prove
beneficial.
I ant to say to the extremely
thin women: Just try putting on a
few pounds and notice how much
better you will feel and how greatly
your appearance is improved.
The skin will take on a new love-
illness. clothes will appear smarter
the hair will glow with new life and
luster, the texture Of the finger
nails will improve and one soon will
appear years younger