davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07

Their experience does not extend be-
yond the limited communal life of the
Chinese village. Until a few years
ago they have been quite unaware of
the existence of proletarian move
ment or of a labor struggle. They do
feel economic pressure, however, and
their traditions tell them explicitly
that when living conditions become
unbearable revolution is not onlv the
right, but the duty of the masses.
Western exploiters are united and
equipped with system of loud speak
ers that reach the ears of the entire
working class. Chinese exploiters are
divided; they have no lamentations or
diversions that will meet the insistent
demand of he working masses. Hence
the insistence of the Chinese revolu-
ton. Hence the probability that the
Chinese masses will continue their
struggle until they have crushed the
fragmentary Chinese capitalist society
and through practical experiment and
experience laid the foundations Of a
Communist state.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
Coal Miners, Take Control!

emergency conventions of the United Mine Work
proceeding by with the imperative job OF
putting the control of the districts into the hands of the mine
complete and final oung of the agents
who have so long controlled the districts L. Lewis of
unconditional necessity The special district conven-
in Illinois, in Ohio Indiana District five of Pennsyva-
MIA have ousted these traitors and elected new officers who rep
resent the mine workers.
But the establishment of the workers control of their
Union these districts cannot stop with the mere declaration OF
the conventions that these representatives the new officers
The elections be allowed to remain pa
per- be into actual force by the whole rank and file
the Union who must function actively than ever
before The old traitors will not give up h<r strangehod with
without reSorting
gunner claiming still to be the official heads of the Union
The slightest weakness on the part OF the newly eecea ana true
representatives of the Union the slightest stacking up OF the
militant activity of the rank and file would result in stagnaton
and chaos The district leadership Of the Union must be the
leadership in every of the word
that the company agents of Lewis
will still office will still claim that they and their bench
constitute the Union in spite of the district emergency
enons They will try to hypnotic the mine workers with the
claim of regularity" for themselves and declare newly
officers constitute dual framework The mine work
this form of trachry and deceit with strong
and fearless hand To fail to uphold the results of the emergency
by ruthless breaking of the reacherous
bureaucratic machine would beay the hundreds Of
thousands of mine workers whose will must prevail
In the Anthracite districts the situation complicated
The Brennan machine which has out new leadership
selected by the emergency district convention of District No l. is
only evidence of the inability of the mine workers of the
anthracite at that time eliminate another crew Of traitors OF
the Lewis type.
cGarry and Harris do victory for the
mine workers The Brennan crew in opposing Cappen
exactly cery by which Cappeni got powerthat is
BY pretending fight the real interests Of the miners
asten upon them of beaucrats essentially dill
fer Mt than the Cappelni machine
The Brennan will either sell out to Lewis will betray
the mine workers by the dastardy scheme of separating the
miners the btumnous miners So-caled
thracte union which will be little else than
union and which will weaken the miners national scale The
workers of the anthracite have not gotten rid of the
of the coal operators Their experience with the trce
must be regarded only signal fight until the
workers themselves control and make the anthracite
integral part of completely organized industry nation
wide scale.
Throughout the mine fields the emergency district
venons reach their climax the fight must be intensified and
complete smashing of the Lewis bureaucracy be realized
Disregard all dual from mouths Of
Lewis company Mine workers. Go ahead full speed
take control of your own Union
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
China Workers Have No Illusions About Democracy

Western business men have learned
that strength comes through unity.
Chinese business men have never
learned the lesson of solidarity; have
never built united front beyond the
boundaries of an individual city or of
an individual province. Their old
business structure did not allow of
such a development. The new bust
ness system, that has grown up
around the Chinese treaty ports, is
barely 30 years old.
Since Chinese business interests
possessed no central organization,
they failed after the Revolution of
1911 to establish a modern type demo-
cratic state. Instead China drifted
into a period of civil war that has
continued to the present day,-a civil
war that has called into existence
armies totalling somewhere from two
to two and half million soldiers, a
civil war that has devastated great
sections of China and reduced millions
of Chinese farmers and workers to
starvation.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07

burdens of militarism have been grow
ing ever greater and more intolerable,
nourished by the support of foreign
imperialism whose tool it has always
been. But when the Chinese bankers.
merchants, landlords, and intellectuals
became frightened by the mass move
ments of the people last year, and be-
gan the anti-Communist movement
within the Kuomintang they I'M
mediately surrendered all power to
set of new militarists more rapaci-
Gus and bloodthirsty than the old. To
day it is possible for one of Kuomin-
tang's new friends" the British
newspaper Shanghai Times april 49,
to say: "Was there ever time il
the history of China when there were
so many marshals and generals as
there are now? The Kuomintane
5ristles with them, and seems to ar
outside observer as thoroughly mill
taristic as any known party through
out the world" Even the pretense OF
civil government has been abandoned
by the Kuomintang, and the military
reigns in the center, in the provinces
and in each city, by means of the
most outrageous terror.
Rehabilitation of Finance.
One Of the great boasts of the Kou.
mintang is the rehabilitation OF
China's finances, which have been
completely disrupted under the ole
militarists. During the so-called
Communist period" up to 1927, the
Kuomintang was actually making APP
preciable progress in this direction
But since the rise of the new mill
tarists to power, the Kuomintang has
become even more destructive Of fl
nances than the old rulers. The in
come Of the Marking Government
goes 85 per cent to the generals mot
to pay the soldiers, of course), while
every normal administrative function,
specially education, is starved. The
recent general strike of the Marking
school teachers, who demanded their
unpaid wages of $40 Mex. per month,
is typical of a general condition, worse
than formerly existed. Yet more and
more taxes are collected, the Kuomin-
tang proving expert at least in rails
ing money, collecting two to four
times as much as the old militarists
were ever able to do. An interesting
comparison on this point was pub
lished in the Chinese newspaper, Cen
trail Daily News, Shanghai, March 26,
from which we take the following
figures:
Taxes collected:
Hupeh Province-Under WI Pei-fu,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
BY SCOTT NEARING

Chinese workers have two great
advantages over their Western fell
lows in the struggle that they are
waging for emancipation. First-the
Chinese bosses have no central econ
omic or political organization. Second
the Chinese workers have no illu-
sions about political democracy.
Business and professional interests
in Western Europe, Australia and
North America have been welded to-
gether through generations of strug-
gle. They have built great trusts.
They have concentrated industrial
control in the big banks. They dom
mate the machinery of government.
They hold in their hands the news
papers; the radio; the movies, the
schools and universities. A web of
power has been woven across every
important source of exploitation, de-
eeption, instruction.
Western 'Nsiness has co .ordinated
itsakf.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07

perialism, completely smashed this
unity, destroyed the Kuomintang as
a mass party, and divided the Ma
tionalist territory into autonomous
fragments. China today is more
divided than ever before in modern
times. The taking of Picking which
was to have been the sign of COM
plete unification, has now, when it
seems about to occur, become an
empty thing without any profound
significance. "When Picking falls, -
says the Shanghai Times, on May d,
internal strife will by no means be
concluded" A new era of militarist
wars will begin.
Regaining National independence
BEFORE the bourgeoisie betrayed
= the revolution, great strides had
been made toward regaining national
independence for China. The measure
of this progress was the fear dis
played by Japan, Great Britain,
france, and the United States, who
are the powers that have destroyed
that independence and who have
ruled China for decades. But within
the year, that old fear of an indie
pendent China has disappeared from
the foreground of the imperialists.
One and all, the imperialists proclaim
that they are quite satisfied with the
policies of the present Kuomintang.
Is it possible for anyone to believe
that the imperialists would be content
to lose their control of China? Is
anyone so supplemented as to think
it possible to win freedom by "friend-
ship" (Which means capitulation) with
the oppressors Yet that is today
the official program of the Kuomin-
tang. 1t is no sign Of progress to-
ward independence, when the i'm
perialist press can praise the latest
economic program Of the Marking
Government, proclaimed by Mr..
Kung, Minister of Industry, saying:
Zone who recognizes that China needs
expert assistance, and is willing to
go where that assistance can be OBJ
tanned, deserve we'll of us ALL" If
Mr.. Kung and the Kuomintang are
going to the imperialists for their
expert assistance, if he deserves
well" of all the international pirates
of imperialism, then the most stupid
can see that Chinese independence
has been sold out completely.
Abolition of Militarism.
Down with Militarism" was one Of
the most powerful slogans in rousing
the Chinese people to revolution under
The Kuomintang. Since the early
days Of the so-called Republic, the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07

Nine-tenths of the Chinese farmers
and two-thirds of the wage workers
cannot read and write. Most Of them
have no access to movie or radio. Only
a few of their children go to school.
There is no state church in China.
China has no general system of or
ganized athletics or horse racing.
Literally no mass means exists for
poisoning the minds Of the Chinese
workers with daily appeals. They
only know banditry; of war; of hun
ger; of appalling working and living
conditions. The Chinese masses suf-
fer from exploitation and oppression
as severe as anything Western society
can imagine. But the Chinese bust
ness class is impotent to tell them
that through the development of polit-
ical democracy lies salvation.
Hence Chinese workers are resort
ing to direct action.
Capitalist papers constantly de-
scribe the Chinese masses as "Com-
munist." They are not Communist.
They have no Communist theory.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
a q Workgr CAregpondeiLtl

OLYPHANT, Pa, by MaiD.-Na-
tional Miners, Relief Organizer Ida
Weitman has broken the ice at last.
At a meeting Of Local 795, U. NJ. w.
of A., that met in Olyphant May 81,
Ida Weitman asked permission to ad-
dress the meeting despite the fact
that Board Member Boylan was pres
ent. She meant to encourage the
many sympathizers of the N. M. R. c,
and she succeeded.
Dire Need.
She simply explained the dire need
of the striking miners who go in their
18th month Of the great struggle
"If they lose you are all lost, the
whole working class of America will
be beaten" she said Enthusiastic
applause from the 700 miners pres
ent, and the faces of our sympathiz-
ers were aglow at the close Of her
appeal.
Then Board Member Boylan got up
and praised the wonderful work of
the investigating committee which ]
l.. Lewis collected in the course of
the strike for which he is paid SAC
a day. The N. NJ. R. C. was also do
ing more damage than the coal opera
tors in breaking the u. M. w. of A.
h. said
Then the fun began.
Organizer Ida Weitman took the
floor Tor half hour and with all her
fire and vigor she told the miners
everything they want to know.
Miners, union men, our brother
Boylan says that the N. N. r. c.. is
a worse enemy than the coal opera
tors, and he tells you these are the
facts. He praises the senate inves-
tigating committee.
Relief Is UniOnist.
"In the history of U. M. w. of A.
or any other labor union in the coun-
try we never won a strike with the
help of any government committee
Do not we know that they always
help to kill our strl The Ma
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
MineIS1ApRlaud Relief Speaker

tional Miners Relief Committee.
every man jack of them are 100 per
cent union men, made of the very
same stuff as you fellows. Their
union cards are paid up to date of
the strike. They are fighters. When
they organized the relief, they knew
what they were doing. Instinctively
they felt, that Lewis with his $50 OF
$40 a day, was not hungry. Miners
were facing starvation. 1t took Lewis
seven months to realize it before he
made you pay the assessments.
Some fellows were telling me be-
fore | came to this meeting, that ]. L.
Lewis and the rest of the gang are
taking a big rake off. It may be
true for all 1 know. And now men
let us look into this situation with
open eyes. Who are our friends and
who are our enemies.
Militants.
Every active man in the National
Miners Relief Committee has been
beaten up for fighting on the picket
lines. Could they be enemies? No.
100 times no! Keep your eyes open,
they are trying to break you and they
start where you are weakest.
Should our brothers in the soft
coal region lose the strike in less than
three months, then the coal operators
and their trusted friends will start
the same monkey business in the an
thracite. They want to smash you.
Are you going to let them? Every
dollar you give tonight will help the
brave men and women on the firing
line to win"
Cheers, yells and applause. AS a
result $29.41 was collected. The Min
ers' Relief Bulletin was simply torn
from the comrade wfr distributed
them.
Sympathizers are organising a
house-to-house collection in Jessup,
Olyphant and Dicson City. SID.
4
EDITORS NOTE; oIvNLas Is
in the anthracite
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
After the Fall of Peking What?

$25,000,000 per year.
Under Kuomintang, $4O,O0O,0Oo per
year.
Kiangsu Province:
Under Sun Chuang-fang, $4,000
per year.
Under Kuomintang, $72,o00,o00 per
year.
Kiangsi, Anhui, and Fuien Pro-
vinces:
Tar income doubled under the Kuo-
mintang.
In addition to taxes, enormous
sums are being raised by loans, which
was formerly a negligible source of
income.
Only the most nominal centraliza-
ton of finances exists. Each general
in his locality collects taxes and
spends them, without even reporting
to the Marking Government. Curren-
cies, which are on a local basis, are
in complete confusion, and rapidly be-
come worthless, a point already
reached in Hankow.
The new militarists of the Kuomin-
tang have completed the demoraliza-
ton of China's finances.
Commerce and Industry.
COMMERCE and industry in China
v are rapidly sinking into bank
ruptcy. 1t is hardly necessary to cite
details Of the thousands of shops,
banks and commercial houses that are
closing their doors, the deterioration
and financial collapse of railroads,
factories, steamship companies, etc.
The situation was summed up by Mr..
H. H. Kung, Minister of Commerce in
the Marking Government, on April %,
when he said:
'China today is actually facing a
crisis which for the lack of a more
appropriate name might be called
economic suicide"
Mr.. Kung issued a long document
which he called a program to meet
this crisis. 1t is impossible to find
anything beyond vague generalities
in this program" except on two
points; first, it pledges to do nothing
without the concent of the bankers
and merchants, and second, it relies
entirely upon foreign (that is, i'm
perialist) technicians and capital. In
short, it is complete confession of
bankruptcy by the Kuomintang on all
economic problems. They acknowl-
edge their utter inability to move
single step except by consent and
with the support of the imperialist
powers. (To Be Continued
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
Abolition of Militarism.

down with Militarism" was one Of
the most powerful slogans in rousing
the Chinese people to revolution under
The Kuomintang. Since the early
days Of the so-called Republic, the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
HANdOuTS

GROWTH of the class struggle in
the church with anarchistic tenden-
cies is indicated by the announcement
that the rank and file preacher, ]. H.
Woodward of New Brunswick,
Georgia, has just completed shooting
and seriously wounding one of the
leaders of the industry, Bishop Will
liam A. Query of the South Carolina
Diocese of the Protestant Episcopal
Church.
Workers at Camp Nitgedaiget who
complain of the mosquitoes are adj
vised that the mosquitoes at Camp
Tamiment, who feed on nothing but
fat socialists, are Garguantuan in
comparison.
Our competitor who conducts the
humorous column on the New Leader,
the Rev. Norman Thomas, leads his
most recent effort with a paragraph
so funny it deserves being reprinted.
His defense of presidential integrity
should be as amusing to ]. P. Morgan
as his own naivete is to class-con-
sciOus workers. The excerpt follows:
"Seventy-five per cent of what
President Coolidge had to say in con-
domination of the McNary- Haugen
bill. sounds like amazing hypocrisy
Yet the president is not conscious
ly hypocritical. Subsidies and spe-
cial favors to business men do not
look to him like subsidies and he is
not aware that he has provided sharp
arguments against his own closest po-
litical friends and supporters"
When Workers Are Killed.
Daily Worker: Wall Street marines
kill hundreds of Nicaraguan workers.
The Nation: We view with alarm
the killing of some Nicaraguan citi-
zens by American marines. We are
sure. that every true American citizen
will raise his hand in horror that
such thing should happen. We ap-
peal to the sense of fairness of Mr..
Coolidge.
The Times: A mob of Nicaraguan
bandits, bent on looting the homes of
American citizens, were fired on by
marines. Several of the bandits were
killed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
By EARL BROWDER.

THERE is so much blood smeared
over the Chinese scene that it is
not always easy to see what is going
on behind this red screen. Workers,
peasants, youths, have been and are
daily being slaughtered in the most
horrible ways, in numbers running
into the hundreds of thousands, in or
der to carry out the declared program
of Imperialism in China. The war of
armies, between Chang Tso-lin and
Chang Kai-shek, Feng Yu-hsiang and
Co., is child's play compared to the
class-war that RACES over the country
side. This class-war is announced as an
"anti-C Communist" movement to purge
China of small group of hereticaI
fanatics, whose fantastic program is
supposed to endanger the Chinese
revolution. This pleasant myth is
camouflage to hide the complete
treachery to the revolution by the
Kuomintang and Chinese Bourgeoisie.
The long-heralded capture of Picking,
now in the headlines as imminent, has
lost its revolutionary significance, and
almost everyone now realizes that it
makes little real change in China.
That is because the Kuomintang oc-
cupies the same basis, plays the same
role today, as that of Chang Tso-lin
Let us examine one by one the most
conservative formulation of the OBJ
iects of the Revolution in China, and
see how in each case these objects
have been abandoned by the so-called
nationalists.
Unification of China.
In the beginning Of 1927, there was
a real hope for the unification of
China. -thiIds of the country had
overthrow the old militarists and
arisen with enthusiasm in support of
the Kuomintang. For the first time
the masses of the people were
aroused, actively participating in
political life;'a organizing center had
been given them in the Wuhan Kuo-
mintang Government. The so-called
antiCommunist campaign, the signal
for which was given by Chang Kai-
shek on the command Of foreign i'm
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07

"Oh Mama, p0hy is the little man IN
the picture so frightened"
Hes marrying aOomGn of has oaon
size, Adolph."
"WeH aohat else does he do for
lining, Manaas"
"He's the grandson of the Iron
Chancellor Bismarck"
"Why is he getting married."
''He'S helping the German monarch
lists fight their last battle on the So
ciety pages"
"But mama 10hy is he standing up
on his toes? He seems IN such hurry
to get through"
"Adolph 90 out and mind OpheIio
and don't do that. Use your handker-
chief"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07

This remarkable and timely article
on the significance of the fall of
Picking, 10ritten IN Advance of the
event by Earl r. Bro1Oder, will be
continued In the neat tlOo issues of
The DAILY WORKER. Readers
are advised not to miss the install
mtentS.-EDITOR.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07
A Modern Fable.

EDWARD M. FULLER and w. Frank
- MCGEE were two fine lads, full of
pep and ambition, who decided they
could best serve their fellow-men in
the brokerage business. The two boys
worked hard and soon found their
business was one of the most respect
ed in Wall Street, where the great
thinkers Of the country congregate.
But jealous enemies discovered that,
in the course of serving their fellow
men, Edward M. and w. Frank had
piled away about $4,000,O0O of their
felow-men's surplus cash all in neat
piles that nobody could find. This
was in the year 1922.
After three juries had refused to
say that Edward M. had done a bad
deed jury finally decided that Ed
ward M. and w. Frank had done a
very bad deed indeed and so they were
sent on vacation Of from Is months
to four years at rest-home called
Sing Sing. But because both Edward
M. and w. Frank had been so devoted
to their fellow-men and their services
could not be spared any longer, they
had to end their vacation after being
away only one year.
The first words of w. Frank, who
had been chatting so all the time Of his
vacation, were: "Well, I've been here
IL long months. Now to get down
to business once mora"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-06-07

EDITORS NOTE; olvALa.t Is
in the anthracite