davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
Dreams of the Blind.

Since most of our dreams are visions,
we are curious to know how the pima
dream. Can you construct dream
on what you hear and feel and taste
and smell? There is no doubt that You
can and do: but for the seeing the
scene so dominates that the magma
ton works mainly with seen imagery.
In speaking of the blind we must dis
tinguish between the totally blind ana
the partially blind. for even a remnant
of vision makes a different experience
of night and day and finding ones way,
and partial vision may include some
thing of color. Even more important
is the distinction between those born
blind and those who lose their sight
later. Any one who has seen for some
years has a storehouse of images that
may be drawn upon long after blind
ness stops any addition to it. In an
investigation which 1 made many years
ago found that when blindness came
on after the fifth sixth or seventh year
there remained some use OF vision III
dreams The dreams of those who be-
came blind much later i'll life are sub
stantially like the dreams OF the rest
of us.
There is a recent study of the dreams
OF the blind by young lady. Miss
Elinor DeutSch, who herself has been
blind from birth. though she retains
enough vision to tell light from dark
ness. This gives her some notion of
what seeing is but all she knows of
objects comes from her other senses.
She is a frequent and vivid dreamer,
and it appears that the blind are just
as good dreamers as the seeing. though
the content and manner of their dreams
reflect that of their waking life.
Moreover. they use the same words
that we use, and from what they read
they gather a good deal in regard to
what our world looks like; so they often
describe their dreams as seeing
things. When they write and make up
little stories. these compositions may be
full of words referring to color and all
the usual description of the seeing. but
it is verbal mainly, or initiative, with
slight sense of the real experience which
those words carry to the seeing. We
must remember also that when We
dream we are no longer bound by
sense. and often describe results only
something that We know or learn or
understand. without knowing how we
come to do Sc. And some dreamerS
dream largely in terms of conversation
rather than direct experience.
Here is one of Miss Deutschs dreams
in abridged form:
She was seated at the dinner table
with the members of her family. She
was eating. but in the dream what
she was eating did not appear. (Smell
and taste dreams are rare, anyway :.
A discussion arose as to the cost OF
some material used in the kindergarten.
The brother in-law thought the stuff
too expensive and that cheaper iml-
tation would do as well. This made
his wife very angry. Her husband said:
You mean that if won't buy it you'll
get it yourself" and she replied that
was just what she meant. He flew into
a rage. uttered snarl sprang to mis-
feet ready to STRIKE her. dreamer
knew he was going to strike because his
arm brushed against her in rising)
Also her mother said: Hes going to
strike her" The brother-in-laW stood
swaying. then staggered from the room,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
CANDIED SWEET POTATOES.
Flavor of Meat Improved
By Proper Cooking Method

shorter time at higher temperature.
The meat of young animals is more
tender than that of more mature ones
and generally cooks in shorter time
Spring lamb. broiling chickens sucking
pigs are good examples of this.
In roasting meat of any kind best re-
suits are obtained if the outside Is
scared quickly in a very hot oven, then
the heat reduced and the meat cooked
more slowly until done. Searing-that
gray coating that comes on meat when
strong heat is applied to it--seals the
cut ends of the meat f1bers and keeps
the juices from running out.
Veal and pork, when cooked in this
manner. allowing 80 minutes for each
pound of meat after soaring, and roast
ing at a temperature of $50 degrees,
will be as tender as young chicken and
as readily digested.
Smoked meats-tongue, ham, smoked
tenderloin, etc.-should be soaked over
night in cold water if very dry. For
cooking. cover with fresh cold water
heat quickly to the boiling point. cover
closely, reduce the heat and cook Just
at the boiling point. Allow 80 minutes
| for each hound
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
BY JESSIE A. KNOX.

Meat is cooked to improve the flavor,
to make it more digestible by softening
the meat fibers, and to destroy any in
furious bacteria that may be present.
The degree of heat used and the length
of time allowed for cooking. are the de-
Gliding factors in determining how well
these aims are carried out.
The length of time that must be al
lowed to soften the meat fibers, or to
cook the meat successfully, depends first
on the cut and kind of meat used
For example, long, lean piece of
meat, weighing four pounds, will cook
in shorter time than short, thick
piece of meat cut from the same part
of the animal and weighing the same
amount. This is because, in the first
instance, a larger surface is exposed to
the heat, and the depth of the meat is
such that the heat can penetrate to
the inside more rapidly.
Meat that has thick outside layer
of fat takes longer to cook than a lean
piece, because the heat takes longer to
penetrate to the center. When long
err, slower cooking process is used the
interior of the meat is cooked much
more evenly than if it is cooked for a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
KEEPING MENTALLY FIT
BY JOSEPH JASTROW.

while the dreamer said: Control your
self" Dreamer regretted that she had
not stayed his arm: then listened to the
agitated breathing of her sister Che
Wife, and the frightened whimpering %
the children.
While this dream reads much like
our own dreams IL you will examine
it closely you'll note that 1t is mainly
in terms of what Is heard, and the
situation is inferred and followed from
the sounds: next are touches and move
ments and some vague differences. but
nothing seen and no visual details.
Auditory dreams dominate.
In another dream she was TO be
electrocuted for some crime not specl-
fed. and was curious to know whether
she would survive after death. She
knew the yard was paved with flag.
stones because she could feel them with
her feet. After some waiting the guards
led her gently to the chair. a large
leather easy chair, and turned on the
current: at which point she woke with
fear and horror. This nightmare Is
silent dream and the touch sense DOM
mates. 1t is rather unusual.
Miss Delltsch has collected many
dreams of the blind which show mucn
the same features, though as many OF
these blind" see little and many
were not blind from birth. vague
sort of seeing is mingled with what IS
mainly heard and felt. A few typical
blind" dreams may be added:
r. S.. aged IA, dreamed that she
went into the kitchen where her mother
was washing dishes. Her mother sud
denly fell to pieces" and she knew II
by the rattle of her mothers bones as
they dropped on the floor. (Souno
dreamy
T. NJ. aged IL. dreamed that she
came home with her family and found
a robber who had spoiled all The food.
making it rotten" She even found
glass of water sour She tried to
Shut the front door but her fathers
foot was in the way The foot changed
into a ring which broke in half when
she stepped on it. (Taste and touch
dream)
r. D., aged IS, dreamed that she
flew to the sun on a cylindrical glass
bead; she was on the top and others
chung to the sides of this conveyance.
II knocked my head against the sun
and knocked off a piece of my hair.
Then somebody told me this would be
saved for me till I died and came to
Heaven" (Touch and movement dream;
even the sun is felt only, not SEEM
All this makes an interesting lesson
in psychology. showing how our
thoughts are bound to our sensations,
yet escape from them by way Of the
imagination and the expressive power
of words. Yet though the blind think
and dream as we do. they carry the
handicap of their limited experience.
The richness and readiness of our world
escapes them They travel. but less
easily, on the road of mental fitness
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
VAcMloAIsrS ARE
II~-C

Winter than in the Summer. What
ever the taste, the housewife will find in
the shops and markets these days ample
supplies of wholesome. tempting things
with which to satisfy the palates OF her
family. There is an abundance OF
green produce and enough fruit to I'LL
all needs. Nearby producers have been
exceedingly busy despite the Indictment
weather and although in many cases
there have been a loss of crops there
is no visible indication of it.
While Washington must depend to
a certain extent upon shippers from
remote points. the National Capital Is
.strategically situated as it concerns the
supply of fresh vegetables from Viz
ginia and Maryland farms. Thousands
of bushels of apples are received weekly
from orchardists in the immediate
vicinity, and sell for IS cents for and
S pounds according to size and variety
Extraordinarily splendid looking peaches
have been seen on the market and are
bringing 5 pounds for Is cents Plums
Is cents a dozen; pears, 3 pounds fop
80 cents: bananas, Is and 80 cents a
dozen; Malaga grapes, Is to Is cents
pound.
A recent crop of sweet potatoes has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07

There has been little or no change
in the cost of meats. The season Is
about here when the butcher comes
into his own, for although there are
many vegetarians there are also those
who regard a meal as incomplete with
out meat of some kind. Meat prices
are as follows: Veal roast, 35 to 40
cents pound; veal chops. As to so
cents; veal outlets, 60 to 70 cents:
breast of veal, IS to 80 cents; lamb
shoulder, 80 cents; shoulder lamb
chops, IS to 40 cents; stewing lamb, ID
cents; breast of lamb, Is cents; best
porterhouse, IS to IS cents; sirloin. SIS
cents; round As to so cents; Delmon-
leo steak, 48 cents; flank steak, As
cents; prime ribs, 40 to As cents, de-
pending on cut; chuck, 80 to 35 cents;
three cornered, IS cents: fresh hams,
80 cents; legs of Spring lamb, A..
cents: prime loin pork chops, IS cents:
prime roast pork, 80 cents; corned
beef, Is to IS cents; beef liver, Is cents;
calves liver, home dressed. 70 to 80
cents. Chickens, baking size, As to so
cents pound; frying size, As cents
pound; stewing size. 40 cents pound;
broilers, so cents "a pound. Eggs are
bringing 40 and so cents dozen and
best grade butter, SIS to IS cents a
pound.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07

picked out in gold. The designs were
mostly of fruits and flowers, and the
seats were of rush.
Any one having been able to obtain
some of these delightful chairs is indeed
fortunate, for six of them would be
sufficient for dining room, and for a
breakfast room four would do.
These chairs would be lat home" IN
room carried out as follows: Wood
work, ivory; walls, treated with an ivory
ground paper with shell and lattice pat
tern in light green: floor covering, large
rug of the hooked variety in conven-
tional design; furniture, built-in corner
cupboards with interiors tinted a dun
old red; maple drop-leaf table and six
Hitchcock chairs: glass curtains, cream
French marquisette; overdraperies. flow
cred chintz with light green ground.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07

When for one reason or another the
diet cannot include meat, there Is al
ways a question of what to substitute
for it. Unless they are carefully
planned, meals without meat seem to be
not quite satisfying. And yet with
little forethought and little knowledge
of foods that contain the same nutrltive
elements as meat, 1t is entirely possible
to work up a list of recipes that will be
so satisfying that the meat will not be
missed.
In substituting other foods for meat
it must be kept in mind that meat Is
a protein food, and that only some
other protein food can be used in its
place. Those most in use are nuts,
cheese, eggs and some of the vegetables,
especially peas, beans and lentils. MIX
is also an almost indispensable part of
such diet
Perhaps the best way to tell of the
foods that can be used in making up
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07


future augur well
for the dealers who
trade in foodstufs.
There is no gain
saying that the
Summer holidays
and heat interfere
UNNECESSARILY with
the purchase of
table commodities
and the grocers
welcome the Fall.
Appetites are exer-
cised and pickup
meals are succeed
ed by more sub
stantial ,'epastS.
The human syS-
tenn requires more
nourishment dur
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
Good Meals Without Meat

a meatless dietary is to give few menus.
/. Thin cream of celery soup; nut
loaf with brown sauce; scalloped pota-
toes; spinach; lettuce and sliced tomato
or tomato jelly salad; tapioca pudding.
2. Vegetable bouillon; baked noodles,
spinach and swiss cheese: Spring salad;
fruit bread pudding: coffee.
3. Asparagus timbales; stewed spin
acf and carrots; buttered potatoes;
celery and radish salad lemon or pine
apple pie.
4. Spinach ring with mushrooms;
baked potatoes: stuffed pepper salad,
French dressing; whole wheat bread
and butter; rhubarb-or any fruit
tarts.
S. Rice loaf, Creole sauce: spinach;
green peas; celery and peanut salad;
lemon whip: coffee.
6. Vegetable Souff1e with mushroom
ana parsley sauce; baked potatoes; but
Tered cabbage; sweet picked beets;
fruit salad; coffee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
DAILY DIET RECIPE
Flank Steak Roll.
Flank steak. Ia pounds.
Hard boiled eggs, 2.
Flour, / tablespoon.
Co1f ton cfa00Ha

RANK Steak Roll.
Flank steak. IA pounds.
Hard boiled eggs, 2.
Flour, / tablespoon.
Salt, / teaspoon.
Minced onion, u cup.
Melted fat, l tablespoon.
Canned tomato soup, l cup.
Water, " cup.
SERVES S OR PORTIONS.
Cut off about inches of the
steak and save this as a starter
for a meat loaf or hash the next
day. Roll the shelled hard
cooked eggs in the steak and tie
securely or fasten we'll with
skewers. Rub flour and salt
over the meat. Put fat IN a deep
frying pan which has a cover.
Lightly brown meat on all sides
in hot fat. Remove meat. Add
minced onion and simmer 5
minutes until very light brown.
Add canned soup or canned to-
matoes. Add water and blend
we'll. Then replace meat in hot
gravy. SoVcI ClUoely dIiu olliIltE
slowly about hours until
tender.
DIET NOTE.
Recipe furnishes protein. Some
lime, iron and vitamins A, B and
c present. Could be eaten by
normal adults of average or
under weight. The meat could be
taken by those wishing to reduce,
but the amount of gravy should
be much restricted because of the
fat and -four contained in 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07

One mother says:
One morning Dick and Patty had a
bright idea and pair OF scissors. They
cut holes the size of a silver dollar
straight down through every blanket on
their beds. Three we're homespun and
could have cried when I saw the
damage. When invited them to sit
down beside me in their little chairs
they thought story was coming, for
they saw my mending on hand. Not so;
I explained that they were to sit and
watch me repair the damage they had
done to their blankets. At first they
thought it huge joke, but as the min
utes licked away it ceased to be funny.
During most of my spare moments for
the next thee days they had to sit and
watch me. I did not moraliZe as to
why they were there after my first
explanation. Though it was severe
punishment. 1t was effective. as they
never afterwards cut single thing that
caused damage and they are now in
high school.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
Home in Good Taste
BY SARA HILAND.

The Hitchcock chair, shown in the
accompanying illustration, Is one of
the most charming of the old-time
types. 1t was first made in about 1920,
since which time it has never lost favor:
and with the turn of popularity toward
early American furnishings its interest
has steadily increased.
Originally this type Of chair was
finished in black with gold stenciled
design, and the turnings were usually
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07

follows: Tomatoes.
Z and 8 cents a
pound: asparagus.
Is to IS cents a
bunch: squash, 3
pounds for Is
cents: beets. 5
cents a bunch;
homegrown peas.
Is cents a pound;
cucumbers. S cents
each; cabbage, Is
cents a head: car
rots, 5 and 10
cents a bunch;
onions, 5 cents a
bunch; lettuce, 13
and IS cents a
head; string beans.
~ =. $1,000, II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
Vegetable Purees.

Vegetable purees containing milk are
usually valuable adjuncts to child's
diet. They are made of spinach. car
rots, celery, asparagus or peas. By
cooking the vegetable in a very little
water until 1t is tender, and then rub
bling it through a strainer, a thick
pulp is obtained This pulp is thinned
with milk, seasoned with salt ard but
ter. and reheated in double boileR.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
Choice of Foodstuffs Easy
With Fall Market Offerings

The passing off Labor day finds most
of the erstwhile vacationists home and
again engaged in their normal pursuits.
This and the prospect of cooler days
tot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07

, arrived and may be obtained for 90
cents for pounds. Other potatoes. 10
to Is pounds for quarter. Other
Vegetables are as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
sp1CED DROP COOKIES.

SPICED DROP COOKIES.
Half cup butter, Y cup lard.
1la cups sugar, 3 eggs, 3 cups
-four, l teaspoon baking powder,
/ teaspoon salt, l teaspoon CHINA
mon, l teaspoon allspice, l tea
spoon cloves, l teaspoon nutmeg,
p teaspoon soda, 2 teaspoons
water, IL cups raisins. Melt
butter and lard, add sugar and
eggs and beat well. Sift flour,
baking powder. salt and spices to-
gether. Dissolve soda in water.
Mix all together and add raisins,
which have been Toured. Drop
by teaspoon on creased tin and
bake in moderate oven. Makes
three dozen.
CANDIED SWEET POTATOES.
Take medium sized potatoes
and boil till nearly done. Peel
and cut the long way into q
inch slices. Fill baking dish
with layers of slices, thickly COW
cred with brown sugar and bits
butter. Pour over q cup boiling
water and cook in hot oven 20
or 80 minutes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
FOOD AND THRIFT IN THE HOME
MENU FOR A DAY.

BREAKFAST.
Sliced Oranges.
Wheat Cereal with Cream.
Vegetable Hash.
Bran Mullins. Coffee.
LUNCHEON.
Scrambled Eggs with Broiled
Tomatoes.
Graham Bread.
Spiced Drop Cookies, Peach Jam.
Tea.
DINNER.
Tomato Bisuue.
Meat Balls, Brown Gravy.
Candied Sweet Potatoes.
Diced Carrots.
Lettuce and Beet Salad.
Fruit Cream Pie.
Coffee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-07
BRAN MUFFINS.

One cup -four, 2 cups bran, 6
tablespoons molasses. cup water,
l teaspoon soda. II teaspoon salt.
Mix flour, soda, salt and bran;
add rest of ingredients and beat
5 minutes. Bake 20 to 80 min
utes in moderate oven.
Evening star., 1928-05-24

development permit. It cannot do so
indefinitely without help from Con-
gress, This help is afforded In the
Cramton bill. The bills passage would
mean that the question or the rivers
future development. for park or FOR
power. will be left open pending con-
eressional investigation OF the subject
There Is still the possibility that the
river may eventually be used for both
power and park development. A plan,
aimed at co-ordlnating the views of
the Park and Planning Commission
and the power interests, has been
evolved by competent engineers and
landscape architects. But since it has
been submitted there has been no an
nouncement as to whether 1t is ac-
ceptable or feasible. This plan Is
really of secondary Importance, for
nothing can be done with 1t until Con-
sress speaks its mind on the subject.
AS the approaching close Of the ses-
sion prevents such an expression, the
reasonable thing to do now is to bottle
up the controversy through the Cram
ton bill. and await the decision OF an
other session Of Congress.
Evening star., 1928-05-24

for which legislation Is now pending,
1t will require considerable time. The
failure OF appropriations may tie UP
any one Of the prospective buildings for
an entire session OF Congress. virtually
a year.
In thus restoring the figure OF the
Budget Bureaus estimate for the site
buying needs for the coming year. the
Senate committee has acted in the In
tercst OF speedy and uninterrupted tx-
ecution of the great plan which Is de-
signed to give the Government for the
first time an adequate housing equip
mcnt. Moreover. 1t serves to assure the
earliest possible adjustment of business
In Washington to the new conditions
It Is due to those whose property is
marked for purchase or condemnation
that the funds for their compensation
should be unfailingly available, so that
they may provide themselves without
costly delay with accommodations else
where
Evening star., 1928-05-24
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES r. TRACEU ELL.

cut flowers but somehow he believes
that II one wants them he should have
a cut flower garden or rely on the florist.
He recalls the words of one of the
deans of American horticulture. Prof.
l.. II. Bailey: "The gardener IS one who
grows plants. particularly one who
grows them for the love OF IL. He may
not be an artist; he may be skillful as
gardener and yet not have a hand
scme place. If he is able to accomplish
both results. so much the better. but
the real gardener always likes the plant
because 1t Is plant"
Does sprightly. carefree, joyous and
debonair Mrs. Charming give two
whoops In the garden for all the plants
that ever grew?
To her plant Is just funny old
thing that somehow manages to fur
nish exquisite decorations for her table.
II she stopped to think about the
matter at all, 1t would be to wonder
how the peony bush knew that the
Joneses we're coming over for dinner.
and so obligingly and dutifully turned
itself to the job of producing an even
half dozen blooms just In the nick OF
| time.
Mice of you. old thing" she might
say as an after thought.
\
| Since the small garden is small, every
| flower in 1t counts twofold.
The satisfaction of seeing the plant
at It's zenith and the enjoyment OF It's
natural beauty In the place that 1t
grows more than make up to the other
| type Of gardener for the lack of flowers
inside the house.
| The very comparison Of the lasting
| ta1 f,f T1n II, fns Ivnst
on the plant and In bowl OF water
would lead this gardener quickly to
make his choice.
| Two weeks of genuine beauty in the
garden or two days of fading glory In
vase?
The small landholder will not long be
| in doubt. Yet there IS, Of course, a
compromise program, or, rather, two OF
them.
This is fortunate. for no one. least
of all this same plant-loving person,
would speak against the proper use OF
cut flowers.
1t is true that a small number of
| flowers, properly arranged, will look
better than huge bowlful tumbled in
a mass In the center OF a table. This
offers means of escape,
Not only may the plant lover have
WIZ
II his plants are thriving. there will be
enough bloom to permit the cutting of
several.
Generally one or two flowers come at
the rear. and these may be cut with no
loss to the beauty of the garden.
Thought in the arrangement indoors
wi permit one or two or three blossoms
to give the beauty Of dozens in less
careful hands.
The second method is that of the
separate cultivation of a cut-fiower gar
den. perhaps behind the garage or In
some out OF the way situation This
usually demands place larger than the
holding here considered.
If possible. however, II offers an ex-
cellent solution. In this side garden
peonies. tulips. lilacs. together with all
sorts of ANIMALS, may be grown for the
express purpose of cutting. Then the
gardener may have an abundant sup
ply OF flowers for the house and for
friends without touching the beauty Of
the real garden.