Evening star., 1928-12-10

has no necessity Tor taking the law
into his own hands. Tribunals have
been established for the purpose of do
ing justice between man and man, so
that when some one feels he has suf-
fered a wrong he has a process by
which those who have wronged him
can be summoned to the bar of justice
end ordered to make reparation. When
this principle has been we'll established,
when it has had the benefit of expert
ence, 1t becomes so much a habit of
thought that the people feel no incli-
nation to resort to some method of di-
rect and personal action To do so
would be to stamp themselves as dan
gerous persons, and they would feel ac-
tive disapprobation. probably inflicted
with the penalties which organized So
ciety bestows upon violators of the pub
lie will.
"The great value of the plan for arbi-
tration lies in the fact that it both fur
nishes knowledge and assurance that
differences will be adjusted and also
adjusts them. This has very large
influence on the public temper. Ma
tions do not explode all at once without
any previous warning and begin to at
tack each other Such action comes as
the elimination of long series CT irri-
tating incidents If these are adjusted
as they arise, there is no fuel to feed
the explosive elements when some diff
ference of larger Importance may occur
Two nations which have adjusted all
their disputes except the one which
has arisen in the immediate past will
be on such friendly terms that war be-
tween them is almost impossible.
Slowly but surely modern thought is
bringing the different nations of the
world to corresponding standards Gov
ernments are coming to see that it is
by no means in derogation of their dig
nifty to submit their differences with
tial tribunal The disposition to pursue
hasty action is disappearing The de-
sire to bring differences to mutual ac-
cord and satisfaction by negotiation,
rather than by conflict is more and
more apparent. We shall greatly pro-
mote this spirit If we provide ourselves
before the event with the necessary
| judicial machinery and promulgate
rules of procedure to govern the COM
posing of differences. Neither individ-
uals nor nations could make much
progress In this direction if when a
dispute arose, it was necessary to es-
tabiish tribunal and determine on the
rules of action before anything could
be done about the real controversy. To
be compelled to stop to go through that
process would probably result in having
not one dispute but many differences of
opinion. An implement becomes mani
foldly more valuable if it is already at
hand when needed.
Tremendous Significance.
"But in discussing ways and means
of procedure we should not overlook
the tremendous significance that at
taches to this conference. 1t has come
into existence because the governments
and the people which it represents want
peace and justice with each other.
Every sovereign nation here represented
has sent its delegates because it is ami
mated with that spirit All have come
voluntarily with a fixed desire to con-
tribute to that end. The publication
to the world of that fact alone is re-
splendent with new hope of peace and
good will. It's deeper meaning lies in
the undisputed ability Of mankind slow
ly but surely to secure what they most
want.
! 1T is in this part of the world that
this movement has the greatest prom
| lse of success. The people of the West
ern Hemisphere have been bred for
generations to cherish, not animosities,
but deep and abiding friendship for
each other. There Is not nation
among us that cannot point to long
list of friendly Offices that have been
bestowed upon it by its neighbors. We
have no historic and inbred hatreds.
AS we look across the boundary lines
of each other we do not behold any
great array Of armaments declarative
of a hostile intent, but rather the
peaceful occupations of people prepar-
ing 70 benefit each other by the mutual
exchanges of benign commerce. Hap
PLY, all the advantages of development
and trade lie on the other side of con-
cord and tranquility. Such rivalries rs
we entertain are not of a hostile ma
ture, but the beneficial strife of the
market place carried on to determine
who can give the largest portion of our
mutual production for the smallest
price in return. In this contest the
vanquished often receives the largest
spoils.
Heavy Responsibility.
"These present prospects and these
inspiring records of the past place upon
us of this generation heavy respon-
sibility. We must not only maintain
the traditional policy established by
the founders of our republics, but we
must also carry the procedure of con-
ciliation and arbitration to new and
higher sphere. The world has the right
to expect that the mission undertaken