New Britain herald., 1928-01-05
OFFICIALS BLAME
 WRONG BELIEFS
Ignorance Seen I Cause Of
 Nicaragua Criticism
By IAidwell Dcnny


 United Press Staff Correspondent) Washington, Jan. 5.-UP)-Con- gressional and Latin American criti- ton policy in Nicaragua. involving dispatch of 1000 additional marines, arise from a misunderstanding of .,ism Of the United States inter- en- the situation and of the administ. .. tion's motives. officials told tLe United Press today.
 Having embarged on a 'pacifica- ton program" in the southern re- public with the consent of the ma iority Of both political factions there, it would be fair neither to Nicaragua nor to the small marine detachment already there to permit continued "banditry" by the Sandino rebels. officials explained.
 Administration policy was said 10 be based on the request Of the Diaz government last winter for Amer ican intervention 10 stop the civil war, and partly on what President Coolidge described at the United Press banquet in New York last year as this governments special interest in Nicaragua.
 That special interest springs from the United States treaty right 10 construct an inter-ccean canal across Nicaragua and to establish naval bases at Fonseca bay and Corn is lands. Those rights were acquired partly in connection with American commercial needs, but chiefly as a ,ital part of the Panama Canal de- fensc system. it was said.
 President Coolidge stressed those interests and the unwillingness of the United States to permit their jeopardy through interference by any third party in internal Nicara- guan affairs. when he decided to in- tervene a year ago. At that time it was officially charged that the Nicaraguan revoluticnists were re- ceiving arms and money from Mex ican sources with the knowledge of certain Mexican officials. although the Mexican government itself was not directly implicated by the state department charges.
 Trouble Started In 1925
 The present trouble dates from 1925, when the American marines were withdrawn after 13 years of occupation. With the marines out of the way. General Chamorro. the Slc- feated presidential candidate, over- threw by force the Solorzano- Sacasa government. The United States in conformity with the Central Amer ican treaty. refused to recognize Chamorro. Solorzano fled and Vice. President Sacasa with the support of the liberal party claimed 10 be the head of the constitutional gov ernment. But n conservative party group backed former President Diaz.
 At a peace conference aboard the Y. s. S. Denver at Corinto In Octo- Der 1926. the American observer waG reported supporting Daz as q con- promise peace candidate. The Sacasa liberals refused 10 accept Diaz. The same month Chamorro was induced to withdraw .
 Diaz Is Elected
 After n brief interim a specially convened congress elected Diaz. The United States immediately recognize cd Diaz. Senator Borah charged that the United States had made Diaz president when it intervencd before, and was now repeating the process.
 Diaz has since welcomed American capital and appealed for a $2o. .ooo,- 900 loan in return for which he pro- poses American fiscal control.
 Sacasa continued the revolution on the ground that he was the con- stitutional president and that the congressional election of Diaz was illegal and not representative of the liberal congressman who were fugi- tives from the country.
 Col Henry l.. S.imson was sent nv President Coolidge 10 settle The civil war. Stimson proposed that both sides diearm, that American marines establish native national guard and help police the country pending and during free elections in August, 1928. with Diaz continuing as presi- dent in the interim. Daz accepted the Stjmson specification program for the conservatives and General Noncada accepted for the liberals. But Sacasa. the liberal leader, and General Sandino. one of Moncadas chiefs. refused to accept.
 200 Rebels Hold Out
 At the pacification pact of May IS, Stimson reported that only about 200 rebels under Sandino were hold- ing out. Marine officers also nlini- mized the importance Of the Sandino and therefore reduced the marine forces to about HOO men. But despite losses in battles with the marines. inc rebel forces are now said to number several hundred. including recruits from Honduras.
 The navy department said today that since May , there have been 16 marines killed and about 40 wounded. with from sS0 10 450 rebels killed and an unknown num- Der wounded.
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