davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1928-11-18
Spanish Phone Service
Bettered by Americans

A situation that has become almost
startling to what existed before was
crowned when, on October 10, telephone
communication was inaugurated be-
tween the United States and Spain.
When Americans took over the tele-
phone monopoly three years ago, the
longest distance over which it was
possible to telephone with any amount
of convenience was only little over
100 miles, while International calls
were difficult to obtain and expensive.
Now it is possible to speak from a
Spanish telephone with 80 per cent of
the 28,000,000 telephones in the world,
over lines aggregating 5000 miles. The
telephone building in Madrid is the
tallest in Spain. Its towerlike struc-
ture rises above the houses of the capt.
tai like a cathedral and provides Ma
drid with the soaring building its sky
line needed. In view of the unqualified
success of the telephone monopoly, it
is now almost amusing to recall how
this venture-the first of Gen. Primo
de Rivera's striking departures from
administrative routine-was decried as
an impudent piece of jobbery and shady
finance with foreign concession hunt
erS. A
Evening star., 1928-11-18
BRAND, Frances Crusader


ideal of a statesman is to be found.
What was new L. BriarSA was chat he
always remained faithful to an ideal
his first cabinet-peace, appeaSement,
as he said in his very first speech in
his first Cabinet-peace, appeasement,
among the different classes of his COM
patriots; peace, appeasement, among
the nations.
If there is a day in his life when
BRAND has felt that he really has con-
tributed something worth while and
sacred to the history of his country
and of Europe day he is really
proud Oft certainly is that day when
he succeeded at Locarno in laying the
foundations of peace of common con-
tent between France and Germany, to
substitute-at least up to a certain
point-for the treaty of Versailles
which, through a deep error or politi-
cal psychology, had been framed with
out any contribution or discussion from
one of the contracting parties.
DisIiked Form of Peace.
After the Versailles treaty, and in
spite of the rather artificial atmosphere
of elation reigning at the time in
France, he never concealed the fact
that he disliked the form peace had
taken.
81 know you do not like my peace!
| Thus sneered Clemenceau, still prime
| minister, at him, one afternoon when
he met his predecessor in corridor OF
the French Chamber.
quite true, my dear friend an.
swered BRAND suavely, in his detached
style. II do not like your peace very
much; it looks really like you. 1t has
got a daring hat on one side; it carries
a big stick and it twirls it. Your peace
is just like you, my dear friend"
But has not BRAND also some prac-
| tical skill? Political life is hare
taskmistress, and it is difficult to be.
| prime minister half a dozen times only
with the love of peace.
| In my opinion, Brands essential
cause of success is his force of com.
promise, SO rare in logical mind like
| the French one. He sees at once in q
| political crisis, not the argument fol
| division but the reasons for entente
and, putting no pride in appearance, hE
! is always ready to come to an adver-
Sary and offer him ConceSSions-a min
inum of concessions, of course-but
| meanwhile he has taken the premier
pas, and by this simple fact has created
| an atmosphere of conciliation.
Way of Disarming Hate.
When he has nothing to offer, he
| nevertheless finds a trick to disarn
| hate.
Before the recent Poincare- -Brianc
cabinet, which resigned fortnight ago
he had been intrusted by the President
of the Republic with the formation OF
- 1R L.
time especially disliked by the Social
ist party. In their irritation the So
cialist members of Parliament had again
revived their old grudges against a
traitor" of their party, against a
"turncoat."
But BRAND was obliged to take then
into account. And he consented to sc
to their rooms, where, assembled. they
| Continued on Third PageO
Evening star., 1928-11-18

thing as a handkerchief in the tragic
style! The following day the critics
gravely pointed out that the translator
ought to have said we'll" or some other
genteel word.
Now. BRAND has no literary mind,
no logical mind BRAND is dreamer,
rather lazy dreamer; who looks only
into the future, and cares little for i'm
mediate logical contingencies.
Little as believe in the force of the
pretended races" cannot but see the
deep reason of this forrna mentis of
his in the fact that BRAND comes from
Brittany. He is WelshmaHt Just as,
on the opposite side of the Channel,
David Lloyd George is-Lloyd George
who has some points in common with
BRAND, hidden by the fact tf4t the
French statesman is a lazy man with
no personal craving for power, which
cannot exactly be said of the British
Liberal leader.
Brittany, if am not mistaken, never
gave a leader to France: France rather
has almost always found them in
Evening star., 1928-11-18
BY ANNE HARD.

-OR women the great political
L controversy in the coming ad-
fninistration will be that be-
tween adherents of so-called
equality for women and the
adherents of so-called protective legiS-
lation'' for women.
The National Womans Party is the
sponsor for the first. Other women's
organizations are followers of the Sec
ond.
The National Woman'5 Party sue
ceeded in persuading Mr.. Hoover to
agree to take its program under Sc
rious consideration. Subsequently he
stated that he favored legislation pro-
tecting" women wage earners.
A number of important Senators on
Capitol Hill have committed themselves
to the so-called equal rights amend
ment." Senator Curtis himself intro
duced it. A number of others are un-
alterably opposed to it.
This controversy about the rainbow
round-itS-shoulder amendment, titled
"eoual rights" burst bomblike upon a
world which for decades had accepted
the theory that the health of the world
must be protected by insuring the
health of its potential mothers.
Have Accepted Principle.
Every foreign country, from Japan to
Great Britain, had accepted the prln-
ciple at the Bern convention back in
1906. For the United States, as for
other countries, it became a question
only of working out its practical appli-
cation.
our conditions vary so greatly from
State TO State and from industry to in
dustry that the humanitarian and the
scientist were hard at 1t trying to work
out from experience local statutes
which would safeguard woman work.
ers. protect employers, and yet leave
room for special cases.
Then suddenly, in the quaint old
mansion on Capitol Hill which is the
Headquarters of the Woman's Party, a
new murmuring was heard. There was
to be another amendment" to the
Constitution TO provide for equal
rights" BY its passage all special leg
islation for working women would be
| forever swept aside. Horrible living ex-
amples of the injustice of such laws to
! women who wanted to work at night
or who ardently desired long hours or
heavy work we're called in from States
which were depressing them by pre-
venting it, and taken to Washington
by the Woman's Party.
Hearings" upon the subject were
granted before senatorial committee
On the appointed day the proponents
of the measure were too i'll to appear
The opposition alone produced a few
remarks.
But drawing room meetings and
newspaper agitation continued. An in
dustrial conference with delegates rep
resenting both sides came to Washing
ton and debated for several days. Del
erates pleaded that only a scientifically
accurate survey could tell thsm any
thing. III
The question as to whethsf women
suffer more than men under long hours
or insanitary conditions remained ir
the BACKGROUND. The female tornado
that developed revolved entirely about
lust this question:
Does protective" legislation handi.
cap women in getting jobs?3 Does II
diminish their working opportunity tc
any considerable degree?
The conference passed resolution
requesting the Women's Bureau of the
Department of Labor to make an i'm
! partial survey. AS director of the bu.
reau, Miss Mary Anderson called in Q
Evening star., 1928-11-18

them is sometimes faint, but it is al.
ways important.
These Government investigator.
sought steadily to find out what actua
prohibition really amounts to. They
tried to discover how many womer
might conceivably be at work if these
prollibitory laws did not exist. They
found that women are actually nearly
everywhere at work at any job fol
which they are physically fit.
In Ohio women may not work a
burning" and they may not work a
buf1ng, grinding or polishing (althougf
they may work at all of them else.
where) unless they are protected from
the dust of the grinding. That end
the tale of work prohibited"
Equal rights" fans had wept for the
woman meter reader, the woman con.
ductor and ticket chopper as victims o.
the law.
Laws Do Not Control.
And here the laborious Investigator:
found that at the very moment wher
one transportation company was laying
of its woman employees another com.
pany in the same city for the first time
was putting women to work. So that
laws didn't seem to have much to dc
with that.
Not much time had 10 be spent il,
dealing with prohibited" jobs. The
question sin1mered down to finding out
whether preventing women from work
ing at night or for long hours actually
prevents them from working at all.
The answer seems to be that in some
cases it does. But those cases are few
and scattered
Two minor isolated instances in hos
iery plants, for example, where men
had been substituted for women because
the women could not work more than
nine hours day, were the sum total of
instances found in the five big manu-
featuring industries studied.
In fact, in certain States, such as
Massachusetts,, where women could not
work overtime, more women actually
we're employed to take the place OF
their sister workers on the shift system
Situation in Stores.
In 4 of the 81 department stores
studied employment managers said that
they had refused to advance women to
certain positions, such, for example, as
buyer for the toy section, because the
law prevented women from devoting
sufficient extra time to the work. The
other so asserted that there was no
such discrimination.
Other horrible and frequently &C.
claimed examples of the laws injustice
have been with reference to mattresses
and workers in printing houses. Yet
hundreds of mattresses agreed that most
restaurants would employ man walters
at night, law or no law. And a careful
study showed that five years after New
York exempted its women in newspaper
offices from the operation of the night
work law, only 40 of the $50 women
employed on New York'S u newspapers
were working at night.
Seven hundred and f1fty-eight wom-
en- who had worked both before and
after hour legislation" was passed in
New York, Massachusetts, and Califor-
MIA, asked what the effect had been
upon their opportunities for work, made
interesting answers. Seven hundred
and forty-one said there had been no
effect. Seventeen said conditions have
improved.
Out of the mass OF personal inter-
views and statistical information which
these investigators will have ready for
forthcoming Congresses. one fact stands
clearly forth:
So-called protective legislation" for
Continued on Fifth Page.)
Evening star., 1928-11-18

Former Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs
and Ambassador to France.
T WAS once talking with Aristide
BRAND about some overpedantic
rules that the French adminiStra-
i ton had adopted for Italian farm
ers who were buying lands in the
old province of Gascony. They seemed
to me so unnecessarily naticnalistic and
irritating, those rules, especially when
one considered how distant Gascony is
from the Italian Alps.
"Of course. of course" agreed BRAND.
"Our officials are always so timorous
1t is like Joan of Arci Why
did she waste so much energy to 'bouter
debors' (turn out) the English? We
would have assimilated all of them; and
what a splendid race we might have
formed"
All BRAND is there-pride of France,
but not nationalistic. selfish pride;
rather the serene certainty that French
traditions, French psychology, French
moral force, will, like old Athens, al
ways end by absorbing immigrants and
invaders.
I had heard something analogous in
China, but with an even greater ma
tional consciousness. from a Chinese
patriot Kang Yu-wei, declared enemy
of the now dispossessed Manchu
dynasty IT hope" he used to tell me,
when I met him in Japan, that these
little Nippons are going to conquer my
China and install the japanese en-
peror in the imperial palace in Peklng.
He will off1ciate in the Temple OF
Heaven; for a time it will look sad, and
almost sacr4legious. In two or three
generations his sons and all his Japa-
nese will become Chinese; and We
and as he said this, he swept around
his arms as if to take possession OF the
landscape-"we shall be masters OF
these very islands"
Were these the words of traitor
or of an exalted patriot?
Violence in Opinion.
The mere possibility of such doubt
explains. in part at least, the violence
and the conflicting feelings among so
many Frenchmen in the appreciation oI
a statesman who. like BRAND, has been
prime minister for years and who for
the last few years has been conducting
the foreign policy in cabinet rightly
referred to as Union Rationale"
Brands fate, the fact that he is such
a devoted servant of his France, and at
the same time is looked upon more or
less with sharp mistrust by some OF his
countrymen even by some who think
themselves progressive and liberal, finds
its explanation in what has always
seemed to me a French characteristic:
France is intellectual, logical, literary.
France dislikes, above all, intellectual
disorder. When, in the 18th century, a
French playwright translated some OF
Shakespeare comedies for the Theatre
Francois, he took care to advertise on
the posters that the plays had been
corrected and improved upon, accord
ing to French taste" But he did not
correct enough. When Othello in the
last act cried: "The handkerchief, +"
pointing to what he believed to be the
proof of Desdemona's infidelity. the
whole audience burst into fit of
laughter. To speak of such a vulgar
Evening star., 1928-11-18
Lack of Schools Felt
Keenly by Spaniards

Although Spain is progressing in
many ways under the dictatorship, the
leeway to be made up as regards educa-
ton is still enormous, over half the
population being illiterate. In the
capital, which now boasts some of the
finest streets in the world, with luxurious
hotels, theaters and cinemas, it is esti-
mated that some $4,000 children are
unable to get a schooling. owing to the
inadequacy of education facilities, de-
spite the fact that education is obliga-
tory by law. The last official statistics
show that $4,000 young Madrilenes at
tend national schools. 1000 municipal
schools, while 35,716 attend private
schools. Religious institutions educate
1917 of this latter class. Thus the
debt owed the church is considerable,
seeing that it provides education for
almost as many children as the state
and municipalities do between them.
Evening star., 1928-11-18
CDrawn by Fred olson.l

rants, woman coremakers, women in
printing houses and in metal trades,
woman pharmacists, taxi drivers, meter
readers and ticket choppers.
Now, two years after the meeting Of
that industrial conference, they are
ready to publish report which is a
mine of information for every one in
terested in the 100000 women in these
United States who today are engaged
in work outside their homes.
The report has nothing to do with
the effect of special laws upon the
health. It answers only the single
question of working opportunity. It
does SO completely.
The answer Is that except for certain
minor pportunities-work such as
buffing and grinding and polishing or
using an acetylene torch, which are
expressly legally forbidden in some
places-and except for certain sporadic
cases where individual employers have
preferred men to women because of
the operation of restricting laws as
distinguished from prohibiting laws,
women have exactly the same chance
for getting work that they would have
If such laws had never been heard of.
There are two distinct types of legis-
lation applying to women's employ
ment-laWs which prohibit and laws
which only regulate. The line between
Evening star., 1928-11-18

talkative Provence or in sedate and
steady Flanders and Lorraine. But was
it not of Brittany that one of her
greatest sons, Ernest Renan, was think
ing, when he said: Without Celtic
blood, all poetry would go out of a
nation?"
Well, in a certain sense, BRAND has
brought some amount of poetry into
the horizon of French political leaders.
Anatole France once wrote that the
power of the reactionaries in France
lay in the fact that they could always
rely on the men of the Left" to carry
out their policy.
BRAND, who comes from the ranks of
men who have been, in their young
days, extreme labor agitators, seems to
all appearances to come under the
sharp formula of the French tonist.
AS soon as he came into power he broke
big railway strike with a violence ur-
known till then to statesmen of more
moderate origins. But that is an eter-
nal story everywhere: and, after all,
it is not there, in police rules, that the
Evening star., 1928-11-18

nor women the great political
controversy in the coming ad-
ministration will be that be-
/ tween adherents of so-called
ann,,n1 1itr,, for runf1nefn and the
Evening star., 1928-11-18

Continued on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1928-11-18
HOOVER'S TRIP SOUTH
AID TO PAN-AMERICANISM
Misunderstanding, Interfering With Bet
ter Relationships, Are Expected
to Be Cleared Away.

of study on the part of the man who
will be, during the ensuing four years,
the one to direct and guide the contl-
mental relations,
Evening star., 1928-11-18
BY COUNT CARLO sFoRZA,

Former Italian Minister of Foreign AHa
and Ambassador to France.
Evening star., 1928-11-18
Prospect Is Unpopular.

But the prospect of such a coalition
is patiently unpopular. 1t does not make
for responsible government. Undoubt-
edly the Labor party would have the
larger number Of cabinet members and
name the prime minister, but Labor
could only act with the consent of the
Liberals and this consent would not
Evening star., 1928-11-18

Continued on Fifth Page.)
The Washington times., 1928-05-02
Farewell Recital

Kurt-Hetzel, pianist, will give
recital at the Mayflower Hotel ball
room on Friday afternoon.
d The concert will be in the ma
4ure of hail and farewell for Mr..
Hetzel, who will sail for Europe
shortly to take up an extensive
concert tour next season.
A partial list of the patronesses
and boxholders for this event in
eIudes the Austrian Minister and
Nine. Prochnick, Mrs. Charles j.
Bell, Mrs. John Allan Dougherty,
Mrs. Rushmore Patterson, Nine.
Won Levinski Mrs. I'll. G. Rousseau,
: Mrs. Lyman Kendall, Mrs. Walter
Wilcox and Mrs. Walter Tucker
man.
Mrs. Huntington Kidd will be at
home tomorrow from until Z
o'clock at her home in Georgetown.
X = Il
DIR. and Mrs. c. C. Rush, of
Johnstown, Pa, are at the Grace
Dodge Hotel for the week. With
them are Mrs. II. r. -Jaques and
Mrs. s. K. Cleaver, CT YOUNGSTOWN.
%&%
Mrs. Madge Orr shelton was
married at noon today to Albert
De We're Burr, the simple home
wedding taking place in the apart
fnent Of Mr.. and Mrs. Denwood 8.
White at Wardman Park Hotel.
The ceremony was performed by
the Rev. William A. Eisenberger,
assistant pastor of the Church OF
the Covenant. Only a few Of the
most intimate friends and the
relatives of the couple were pres
ent. Mr.. and Mrs. Burr left i'm.
mediately for a motor trip through
the South. and upon their return
they will make their home at
Aquasco, st. Mary's county, Mary.
land, where Mr.. Burr has a charm.
ing country place.
Mrs. Elofse II. Cort has returned
to Washington from months
visit at her home in Huntington.
w. Va. Mrs. Cort spends a great
deal OF her time with her father,
Representative James A. Hughes,
az West Virginia, in his apart
rnent at the Mayflower.
Lieut.. Comdr. and Mrs. Alan G.
Kirk are at the Barclay. New York
city, for few days.
The Washington times., 1928-05-02
D. C. OsteOpaths Plan
Big Time at Convention

The District of Columbia will De
well represented in the centennial
parade at the osteopathic conven-
ton in Kirksville. Mo-, August g.,
DIR. George w. Maxtield, president
OF the State osteopathic society,
announced today. This year will be
devoted to celebration Of the one
hundredth anniversary of the birth
Of DR.. A. r. Still founder OF
The Washington times., 1928-05-02
Elk Husband Ordered
10 acate Premises

Samuel r. Seweii. whose home Is
in the 100 block Thirteenth st. N.
w. has been ordered by Justice Cor
don in Equity Court to vacate the
premises in favor Of his wife. Hat.
tie. IL. SewelI, who was awarded q
decree 81 limited divorce. He was
also ordered to refrain from moiest-
ing his wife in any way.
Through Attorneys Sheffernlan
and Aronson, the wife had sued her
husband for limited divorce on the
ground OF cruelty.
The Washington times., 1928-05-02
SPONSORS FOR
sPIED PIPER"
NAMED
Youngsters of Diplomatic
Group Listed as
"Patronesses"

The al fresco matiAe perform
ance OF 1.-THE Pied Piper" by the
Girl Reserves OF the Young Wo-
mems Christian Association, on
May 10, at 4 o'clock at "Woodley,"
the home of Capt. and Mrs. Hayne
Ellis, on Cathedral Avenue, will
be notable for the large number
OF very young patronesses who
are taking a keen interest IN the
event.
The list includes Emilia, daugh-
ter of the Ambassador Of Mexico
and Sonora Teller; Masa, daugh.
ter of the Japanese Ambassador
and Madame Matsudaira; Julia,
Betty and Alice, daughters OF the
Minister of China and Madame
Sze;. Countess Sylvia and Coun.
tess Nadine, daughters Of the
Minister of Hungary and the
Countess Szechenyi; Valera and
Patricia, daughters of the Minis
Ter Of Austria and Madame Proch.
mix; Amelia and Yolanda,
daughters of the Minister of Pan.
ANA and Madame Alfaro; Sheila,
daughter of Sir John and Lady
BrOderick; Jean, Jane, Joan ana
Jewell, daughters OF the Secrc-
tary OF Labor and Mrs. James J.
Davis: June, Jane and Josephine,
daughters OF the Minister Of the
United States to Rumania and
Mrs. Cuibertson; Lucia Long,
daughter OF Captain and Mrs.
Ellis; Ruth and Katherine, -daugh.
ters OF Mr.. and Mrs. Eugene
Meyer; Cassie Parker. niece of
Mr.. and Mrs. Luke l. Wilson; and
Katherine, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Wilson Compton.
Mrs. Edwin b. Parker and Miss
Elsa Peterson, members Of the
hoard OF the Young Women's
Christian Association, are in
charge OF arrangements for the
event, in which "a young Wash
ington girls will take part. Mrs.
Parker is in charge OF reserva-
lions for boxes for the perform
ance. Tickets are to bo had at
the Young Woman's Christian
Association buildings in the city.
with Miss Mabel r. Cook ana
Miss Dorothea Mcdowell as CO.
chairman.
The Washington times., 1928-05-02
England Denies Rum
Seizure Protest Here

The foreign office today denied
a report cabled from Washington
that Sir Esme Howard, British
Ambassador to the United States,
had handed q note to the State
Department protesting against GER
tain seizuers OF alleged ccntraband
LIQUOR from English ships.
1t was stated. however. that the
Ambassador Will make individual
investigations as cases arise.
The Washington times., 1928-05-02

-11-pc. Utility COmbi.
nation, consists of S
radium glass m i K in &
bowls, and 6 spiral de-
sign tumblers.
Nickel Plated Alarm
Clocks. guaranteed good
time keepers. Specially
priced for Thursday.
Kann's-Third Floor
The Washington times., 1928-05-02
ASSOCIATION MEETS

The District of Columbia Public
School Association will hold meet
ing this afternoon in the board
room of the District Building at
which Miss Jessie La Sale, Director
OF the Department Of Research in
the District Schools, Will answer
questions in connection with the
Intelligence Tests, which have
aroused storm of protest in some
quarters.
Select o rOOm-furnlshed Or unfnr-
Mi0hed through tOdaY's Times and
herald classified rental columns.
The Washington times., 1928-05-02
SURVEY HEAD MILL TALK

DIR. George Otis Smith, director
of the United states Geological Sur
vey, win address the Loyal Knights
OF the Round Table at luncheon,
Friday at 1z:Sv p. M. at the Uni.
versity Club.