Evening star., 1928-02-07
BACKGROUND OF EVENTS
BY PAUL J.. COLLINS.

but fishery treaty-the King vas re-
ferred 10 as the Emperor OF England
not OF India OF the British Empire
When the first draft OF the trea.v vas
submitted 10 Canada. the government az
Ottawa cabled, Substitute the words
the Dominion OF Canada for the words
Great Britain" and IL was so.
Canada insisted that the treaty was
to be signed only by Canada When our
Senate received the treaty. 1t put IN
reservation that II vas 10 be signed also
by Great Britain. but later the Senate
was obliged TO recede. and the treaty
was accepted with only the signatures
Of Canada and the United StateS-.le
first precedent.
Both Canada and the Irish Free State
nave their own Ministers plenipoter:ia!y
in Washington. and We have similar
representatives in their capitals. No
treaties with the dorninions are now
negotiated with the British Ambassador.
unless the subjects affect more than one
dominion OF the Commonwealth OF
British Nations. in which case the Min
lister initiating the negotiations invites
the cooperation of the Ambassador.
Article I OF the constitution OF the
Irish Free State reads. The Irish Free
State to,herwise hereinafter called. or
sometimes called SaorStat Eirannl il
a co-eQual member OF the community
OF nations forming the British Com
wealth of Nations
All OF the dominions give allegiance
to the King. but the King has soSollte-
ly no power 10 affect legislation n snv
dominion; he Is Obliged ~ act under INC
ADVICE OF the ministers OF tina: ccnniit-
-. al
which have been adopted by their re-
spectiye legislative bodies with direct
adviee 10 his majesty not 10 veto It. And
the King does not veto
"a
In review OF the Imperial Confer
cnce 0. 1926. oy President A. Lawrence
Lowell. Of Harvard University. this para
graph appears:
The sole legal bond is the King. II
Is more accurate 10 say the King than
the Crown, for the latter n Great
Britain includes all the functions vest
cd therein by act of Parliament.
Again. !, might oe misleading IN
this connection 10 speak OF the King
rs the sovereign, for the British use
that term in TWO different senses
Popularity II Is used for the wearcr O.
the crown; bat among political phil
oSopherS IL means the ultimate source
Of authority and III tha, sense the
sovereignty of Great Britain. although
delegated "a Parliament, resides III The
last resort i'll the electorate. as f,cm
this time forth u will alSr IL the dcniiG-
IONS, The only bond. then. Is the King,
not the King IL council. but the King
IN person"
So the king appoints q governor
general for each dominion. AS hs ot>NS
f.xsa Nu..Ah ksnNa2 aha.A
nor general Is = ftsuyehead IN actual
government The practical government,
cf the Irish Free state is> IN the Lead
er NJ the dominant political party. Who
Is requested by the scversM general -o
form gcsrrNnfcNt cN cySahtsIlNS a
cabinet. That soNernasent hcldS gscwes,
So long aS IL holds the support ot lis
dominant party to which Il IS re>ISNn-
Siole When us Parliament VOTES "SN
confidence" the gesernment srsNS cOt "
power and the governor general turns
To Parliament, to Indicate wh1sn, next,
he should invite ~ take the Yetns At
present p,tme Minister CSNSgsayr Is
president, not VI the Irish Free state,
for IL has no president. bat ~ the
eouueil cr cabinet er ministry, reSISws-
Slhle IL It's Parliament
There Was no deception in his status
as 'prSiSent" when he visited waNN~
tngtcn, but there MAS great deal ct
m.SctsAcepttca ahnut II, HE MAS uet
given the tormAsitieS accS.syisSi sc the
sovereign ar head vt a state but cn,N
such aS are ptV,>er to o,e VI his higa.
though Sue>sdtnate. ,svitt,sn
tt Is Sa wears since .he agitation Ne~
saa which has finally gwen maeeend~
ent status a. ghe R,itiNh ,acnnsNaAS
Thirty wears after the AFsslSa vt,n~
quest ut tsaua,ia representative Assent.
nt,sN, were vrSased la ts4ser and lower
Canada In each H thsSe paVN istS~S,
there Mas q euNcrnef, appointed es the
King, and theEe wAS rasynte fsirtNa,
the snveruogS amt the elySted
aSSemells~ u c,,lmtnAted m tSsg IN
EeheiskM In eath the p1o,inesS$ Nggth
Canada hau,S inhabited ~ k,,yltSa ANA
owee Canada M f1euch hMh re.NAEs
Nete sutlssxs>Sed and then tS2a Iuf~
ham lGrls~ed thai thereafter the Nu,~
lNtetS trEine MNistels. asYsalnte<i eS
Ihe toNas gotrtnsss Saasstd ee Ne
'lsAssthle III esuneNttc matters IA theg
respective assemblies fea Years iaael
Isad luthaMs Nan@ln-taW, loud ks3ln.
'AFt,ed eMt thai pturlrse, AMI that
has h,en the r>alsyntkm lsW ~ Seags
~ Mhleh IN issa NaS atsted Ssanlns.a,
S,vn ssah.>s dteat ast
sln he,selt. which the Mig y aassed
int ta veta