davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1928-12-31

Those who have read Dumas admira-
BILE "Chicot the Jester" realize that the
court fool was anything but fool in
many cases, but was an astute fellow
who sometimes was the recl power be-
hind the throne.
Our word "cap" comes from the Mid
die English "cappe," Anglo-Saxon
"caeppe," Latin "cappa." Cap, cape,
hood mean much the same.
Dictionaries give seven fundamental
meanings: First, a covering for the
head; second, the top or uppermost
part; third, uncovering the head:
fourth, whole top of the head of
bird; fifth, anything resembling cap
in form, position or use; sixth, any part
of a plant suggesting a cap, and sew
enth, size of writing paper.
Webster's International gives three
subdivisions for the first meaning: (a)
Head covering for infants, (b) head
covering for men and boys, and (c) as
a mark of some rank, Office or dignity.
1t may be seen that the cap has a
field of usefulness ranging from in
fancy to old age and is applicable to
both sexes. Baby caps are more often
called "bonnets."
The word has application in the lore
of the sea, in ordnance, logging, astron-
on1y Every one is familiar with the
term "foolscap," as applied to a cer-
tain size of paper. There is also a
legal cap"
! In the coronations of English SOW
ereigns a "cap of state" is carried be-
fore the King. At the other extreme
comes the expression, "cap in hand"
which means to stand in an obsequious
manner.
To cap the Climax" as every one
knows, means to add the crowning
touch, to reach the utcermost limit in
action or words.
\ **
One must submit, as the result of
even so short a review, that the cap is
a perfectly dignified, eternally young
sort of headgear.
There is ample reason 20 regret that
| in some quarters it is regarded with a
frown. Unlike the stiff forms of head
covering, the cap is flexible and does
not press against the sides of the head
where the big blood vessels go to the
scalp. Thus few men who wear caps
are bald.
The fact that practically all caps are
| made of porous material gives them
hygienic standing scarcely possessed by
any other head covering.
Caps are cheaper, too, than most
| forms of hat, SO that man may have
more of them and thus keep all of
them cleaner. On the other hand, men
who favor caps are inclined to grow
partial toward one cap.
Such cap becomes the faithful
| friend of the wearer. What man ever
developed positive fondness for
derby? Yet this is very common among
cap wearers. If you see a man wear
ing an old. ramshackle cap, the chances
are 10 to /, not that he is q poor man,
h11t that he likes his ran
Its brim may have lost its resiliency,
the button on its top may have van
ished months ago, its pattern may be
much the worse for wear, but still he
sticks to it because. like faithful
brother, it sticks to him.
Whatever those who lean over back
ward for the sake of dignity may say
against the cap, it has one great merit
which no other head covering hast
will stay on the head in the stiffest gale
that ever blew.
Evening star., 1928-12-31

honored scoring system shall be
changed in favor of single points for
first downs in order that deadlocks
may be minimized.
It is doubtful If this scheme would
meet with general favor, for, after all,
1t is the scoring of touchdown or Of
field goal which provides the big thrill;
which often brings the under-dog to
the top. The plan is vaguely analogous
to the rating of pitchers on the basis
of earned runs allowed per inning as
| against the basis Of games won and
lost. No one will dispute the fact that
the won-and-lost column puts an often
false valuation on moundsman's serv-
ices and that the s-per-inning rat
ing gives more accurate insight into
his worth. No one will dispute the fact
that the foot ball team making the
! greater number of first downs may
lose the game.
Under the proposed scheme two
elevens might make precisely the same
number Of first downs in sixty minutes,
but one aggregation might average four
plays to accomplish each movement of
the linesmen's sticks, whereas the other
might average but two, yet, owing to
peculiar breaks in the game, never
score. Which is the better team, the
one that got two and half or the one
that got five yards on each offensive
play? Spectators do not like to engage
in or even watch system of score
keeping in which perhaps the final
record might be fifteen to fourteen and
the. result not decided until the very
last signal. They rather relish such a
game as one which Dartmouth and
Princeton engaged in some years since
In this encounter Dartmouth outrushed
the Tigers to a marked degree and made
many more first downs than their OPP
ponents. None the less, Princeton was
victorious by score of II to 0 by
means Of two long sweeping end runs
and field goal. Not often did that
team have the ball, but when it got it
score resulted.
Two Greater New York colleges are
going to try out Warmers plan next
Thanksgiving day. It is thought that
the spectators of that distant encounter
will come away with the pleasant ex-
perience of having seen something novel
and rather interesting tried out, but at
their next game will want touchdowns,
field goals and the always spectacular
safety, and nothing else. The home
plate is the objective in one of our ma
tional games; the jackpot and not the
high average of hands is the objective
in another. Fight fans infinitely prefer
a decisive knockout to a judges COM
pilation Of points. The goal line and
the goal posts always have been, are,
and may well continue to be the objec-
tives in the great autumrial sport. The
very word goal" tells the story. If it
cannot be attained, victory is and ought
to be impossible.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
Decline in Lynchings
Shown During Past Year
40 the Editor OF The Star.

To the Editor Of The Star
send you the following concerning
lynchings for the past year as COM
piled by Tuskegee Institute in the de-
partment of records and research. I
flnd there were persons lynched in
1928. This is z less than the num-
ber Q6) for 1927, 81 less than the
number 600 for 1926, less than
the number Q7) for 1925 and 7 less
than the number Q6) for 1924. Six of
the persons lynched were taken from
the hands of the law, one from Jail and
five from officers of the law outside of
jails.
There were "a instances in which Of
f1cers of the law prevented lynchings.
Three of these were in Northern States
and 81 in Southern States. In % of the
cases the prisoners were removed or the
guards augmented or other precautions
taken. In one other instance armed
force was used to repel the would-be
lynchers. Fourteen white men, / white
woman and 25 colored men were thus
saved from death at the hands of mobs,
OF the persons lynched, were COL
ored and l white (Mexican). The Of
lenses charged were: Murder, 2; rape,
2; wounding men in alteration, 2: kill
ing officers of the law, 3.
The States in which lynchings occur
red and the number in each State are
as follows: Louisiana, 2; Mississippi, 8;
Missouri, l.; New Mexico, l. Texas, 2.
r. r. MOTION, Principal.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

of the Revolutionary War and how soon
was 1t paid off?-R. H.
A. The cost of the Revolutionary War
was approximately $170,000,000. This
war was financed largely by foreign
loans, aids and subsidies granted by
France and Spain; domestic loaas, the
issue of irredeemable paper money and
loans f1oated by the individual colonies.
France made four loans to the United
States during and Immediately after the
war; Holland four. and Spain, one: all
of which were negotiated by the Con-
tinental Congress prior to 1870. The
Revolutionary War debt was all paid OF
by the year 1915.
@. What is the name given to in
f1ammation of the sinuses?-D. G.
A. The name "sinusitis" Is applied TO 1t.
@. What countries consume the most
rubber?-N. Y.
A. The United States consumes by
far the greatest amount of rubber.
United Kingdom, Germany, France and
Canada come next in order, but their
united demand is not one-third Of that
of the United States.
@. How much did it cost the Govern
ment to raise the S-51?-A. G.
A. 1t cost $194,995.n.
@. What are the salaries, hours and
duties of the Senate pages?-P. E. H.
A. The page boys in the Senate are
paid $3.50 per day while the Senate Is
in session. Their hours are concurrent
with those of the Senate, but it is neces-
SGry for them to report somewhat ear
lier than the hour at which the Senate
convenes. Their duties are those of
messengers, generally. Under the laws
of tie District of Columbia they are
required to attend school for Is hours
each week. Some attend night school
and others attend classes conducted py
an instructor at the Capitol in the
mornings
@. Is there a Federal law against
women appearing in mems clothing?-
G. o. F.
A. The prohibition of women wear
ing mems clothes was a part of the old
common law and does not appear in the
Federal statutes.
G. T.
A. Scotland Yard, in London, is the
headquarters of the metropolitan police
force. The first police Office was To-
Gated in Whitehall, in Scotland Yard,
and from there removed in the Autumn
VI 1OOU W SAAC 1lCW OAA NAl0
Thames Embankment, now known as
New Scotland Yard" in which all the
branches of the metropolitan police
force, including the famous criminal
investigation department, are located.
O. Where is the land given to La
fayette by the United States?-F. H. B.
A. The land granted to Gen. Lafay-
cite is in Florida. All of township
north, range east, containing 23,028.50
acres, was granted by Congress to Gen.
Lafayette December %, 1924, and title
passed to him July 4, 1925. 1t was sold
by order of Gen. Lafayette many years
since, and it is now owned by great
many different parties.
@. How many public school teachers
are there in the United States?-T. w. B.
A. The latest figures are for 1926.
There were 644,63 elementary teachers,
1888 high school teachers. 1882
kindergarten teachers in that year,
making total of 825,02l public school
teachers.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
Trains Found Safer
Than Average Home

From the Youngstown Vindicator.
It is literal fact that it's as safe,
perhaps safer, to travel on an American
railway these days than to stay at
home, for the president of the Ameri-
can Museum of Safety has just re-
ported that only one passenger was
killed during the last year of each
100000 carried. Better yet, the ia
talities were only one-third of the num-
ber 10 years ago and one-sixth of the
number 20 years ago in proportion to
the number carried
The Museum of Safety annually
awards gold, silver and bronze medals
for the most conspicuous organizations
for safety and accident prevention, and
for last year the gold medal went to
the Union Pacific Co., because it oper-
ated 30,000,O00 locomotive miles with
out the death of passenger and with
only six employees killed in service. This
is an amazing record, for the Union Pa
cific Is one Of our greatest passenger
carriers and 1t operates the fastest
trains in the difficult Rocky Mountain
overland route.
We are sorry to see that neither one
of the medals, gold, silver nor bronze,
went to the B. & O., the Erie, the New
York Central or the Pennsylvania, our
four roads.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
Synthetic Scoring.

Foot ball, like base ball, has a "stove
league" season, too, and scarcely has
the boom of the last punt of the last
game died away when experts, near
experts and intense fans begin trying
to tinker with various aspects of the
sport. The latest comes from one of
the best possible sources for sensible
suggestions, namely, the lips of Mr..
Glenn Warner, who gives foot ball les
sons for pay in the Far West and for
nothing on the gridirons of the East,
and 1t to the effect that the time
Evening star., 1928-12-31
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

The Skipper came in, his cap upon
his head, his ruddy face shining with
Christmas cheer
He neither removed the one nor the
other as he saluted us with vigorous
| handshake.
We have always liked the Skipper
| and especially his eternal cap.
Why not cap?
A man of this day and generation
who persists in wearing a cap is some
thing of philosopher, whether he re-
allies it or not.
He thereby proves to the world that
he snaps his fingers at masculine fash
ions. ever more tyrannous than those
capricious dictates which bind women
to emulate one another in dress.
Mems fashions are not only more
tyrannical than women's, they are
less daring, more timid.
Take colorS.
Only during the past few years have
the generality of men dared creep
out from under the edict OF somber
clothing which has come down with
the tribe for more than century.
The individual man has worn eX-
actly what the remainder of his friends
and enemies wore, with the net result
that color is lacking in his daily garb.
X X x *
When it comes to the matter of
head covering, men have been in worse
case than in regard to their suits and
overcoats.
Custom has sanctioned two styles for
general wear, the felt and the derby,
with various sorts of straw hats for
Summer. The high silk hat is good
form" for evening, and upon special
occasions.
The cap has been allowed for young
men and for sports wear. It has not
been deemed dignif1ed enough for all
men and all occasions. Thus it comes
about that it takes an exceedingly
hardy man, such as our friend the
Skipper, to wear cap persistently day
in and day out, in Winter and sum-
mer.
Yet what is as fitting as a cap?
We are convinced that the reason why
so many younger men of high school
and college go without any sort of head
covering is that they wish to wear caps
but are afraid to, and thus cut the
Gordian knot by wearing nothing at all!
ut is far, far BETTER" they seem to
say, ''to let the winds of Heaven blow
through my locks than to allow Aunt
Harriet to criticize me for being un-
dignified"
No doubt something of the disrepute
in which the cap is held is due to the
plain fact that 1t has been adopted so
generously by a certain class of sports" !"
Yet there is nothing good that is not
used by those who might not in every
way meet the approval of every one,
and especially there is nothing good
which is not misused.
Hence the fact that some one does or
does not wear the can has little to do
with its general status, at least it ought
not to have anything to do with it.
X X * n
The cap has a dignified ancestry
enough for any piece of wearing ap-
parel
1t has been known since the earliest
times and has been so versatile in usage
that it has crowned both cardinal and
fool.
A cardinals cap" was one of the
coveted church decorations. The term
"cap and BELLS was indicative of the
court jester, or "fool," as he was called.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
Endowment Is Sought
To Aid Rural Doctors

From the New York Evening Post.
The campaign for an endowment Of
100000 for the Albany Medical Col
lege has as its chief aim the creation
of facilities which will enable practicing
physicians, and especially rural doctors,
to keep abreast of the progress of medi-
cal science through graduate work.
The old-fashioned country practitioner
is disappearing and it is the hope of
the medical authorities to supply In his
place well trained physicians who will
have in such centerS as Albany the op-
portunities for continued study which
are at present available only in the
metropolitan areas
This development in country medical
practice may mark the passing of a
romantic figure. but it will also bring
to those on isolated farms more effec-
tive aid than they have ever before
had within reach. The automobile from
the county seat can answer calls far
more quickly than the buggy from the
neighboring village. And for all the
admirable qualities which character
lied the country doctor his inability to
keep in touch with what medicine had
uASCONeEeu SlI1Ce he leu MS training
school caused him to rely upon old
remedies to an extent which would
horrify his successor.
In time We shall undoubtedly see
country medical practice closely ap-
proximating city medical practice. The
county seats will have their HOSPITALS
and specialists serving a community
which modern communications have
made far larger than was ever before
possible. Both doctors and patients will
have the advantage of the new facili-
ties. for 1t will not longer seem impos-
sible for a distant patient to reach a
hospital And with the development of
graduate work the country physician
can be as we'll trained as the city doc
tor.
Evening star., 1928-12-31

Take advantage Of this free service.
If you are one of the thousands who
have patronized the bureau, write us
again. If you have never used the serv-
ice, begin now. 1t is maintained for
your benefit. Be sure to send your
name and address with your question,
and inclose cents in coin or stamps
for return postage. Adress The Eve
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric j. Haskin, director, Washington,
D. G.
Q. Do many people understand Es-
peranto?-B. G..
A. Since the war, interest in Es-
peranto has increased greatly. Some
authorities say that it now ranks fifth
among spoken languages in Europe.
@. Hoy long has Cantor Rosenblatz
been Singing?-M. T.
A. He was born in Russia in 1882,
the descendant of long line of cantors.
He began to study music at 8 and at
13 was full-fledged canJor. He came
to America in his young manhood.
@. In what lines are Nobel prizes
given?-L. G. P.
A. They are given in the domains
of physics, chemistry, medicine, litera-
ture and peace.
O. Give the age of Frances Willard
at the time of her death.-A. W.
A. This great American reforner
was born September %, 1889, and died
February 1o, 1898, at the age of So.
@. How much negro blood and how
much white is in quadroon or quar-
teroon?-S. r.
A. These names are used to refer
to person of mixed blood, usually one
who is one-quarter negro and three
quarters whitehall is, one of whose
grandparents was white and the other
negro, and one of whose immediate par
ents was white and the other mulatto
D. M. W. '''
A. 1t is iambic hexameter, with some
times and added syllable. 1t was so
called because it was sometimes used
in early French romantic poems about
Alexander the Great.
@. Where was helium first found in
America?-J. u.
A. The original discovery of helium
in America was made in little town
called Dexter in Southern Kansas.
". OCSCl1DC ClAC CdlO 6dIAlC NoACA
"vint IT. L.
A. Vint is a Russian card game gen.
orally considered as the immediate an
cestor of bridge. "Vint" means in Rus
siah "tscrew," and is given to the game
because the four players, each in turn,
propose, bid and overbid each other
until one having bid higher than all
others care to follow makes the trump,
his vis-a-vis becoming his partner. It
has many points of resemblance to
bridge. The cards have the same rank,
the score of tricks is entered under the
line, and points for slam, penalties and
honors above the line
@. Why was so little paper money
used in the West until within the last
few years?-L. B. G.
A. Paper money used to be used very
little in the West because it was often
in such an Objectionable condition when
it reached the West. Now that there is
Federal Reserve bank in San Fran
cisco which distributes fresh paper
money, it is used more widely.
O. What was the approximate cost
Evening star., 1928-12-31

widow of Representative william
A. Oldf1eld of Arkansas, is soon to
be added to the list. Although none Of
the woman candidates for election to
the United States Senate have yet been
successful, who may doubt that the
feminine invasion of the Senate Is to
come, perhaps soon? In Illinois, the
third most populous State in the Union,
Mrs. Ruth Hanna Mccormick went
through Statewide contest first for
the nomination for Representative at
large and then through Statewide
election with flying colors, during the
last campaign.
The women are taking great credit
to themselves for the election of Her.
bert Hoover to the presidency of the
United States. Indeed, during the cam
paign the fact that the women were
going to carry the country for Hoo
YER" was the comment of scores Of vet
eran male politicians. There seems not
the slightest doubt that the women
voted by the million for the Republican
nominee for President, and that their
vote in some of the States was the de-
Gliding factor for Republican victory.
The more women vote, the more they
are likely to demand in the way of
political recognition. Even now there
is talk of Mr.. Hoover's placing wom-
an in his cabinet, though he may have
to bring about the creation of the pro-
posed new Department of Education
and Public Welfare to find a job for
one.
Of the 145 women who are to serve
in State Legislatures next year, 100 are
designated as Republicans, 38 as Dem
ocrats and as non-partisan, while
others have no party designation. The
woman members of the House Of Rep
however, are almost evenly
divided between the two major political
parties. Connecticut, rock-ribbed and
has a greater number of
women in its State Legislature than
any other State, with twenty woman
members.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PH1LANDER JOHNSON.

Thanks for the Almanac!
Through the Old Year we would trace
Hours Of Joy or grief.
AS the calendar we'd face
And turn another leaf.
Here's a brand-new almanac.
In it they draw nigh
Signals from the zodiac
In the starry sky.
The menagerie is there,
Lion, ram and goat.
Gentlemen and ladies fair
In good form we note.
So, the New Years looking fne.
Charm 1t cannot lack.
Thanks, Q thoughtful friend Of mine,
For the almanacl
Evening star., 1928-12-31

AS an authority on aviation, Col.
Lindbergh will be esteemed for his con-
structive advice more than for his
intrepid feats Of flying. He well deserves
the comparatively placid career OF the
serious, contemplative gentleman han
ding large responsibilities at mahog-
any desk,
Evening star., 1928-12-31

New York has projected Commissioner
Grover Whalen into general public
attention. A New York police commits
sioner has been known to go very far
not only in local authority, but in
national leadership.
Evening star., 1928-12-31

Statistics show that the business OF
the year has been exceedingly prosper
Gus, in spite of the fact that some Of
the Wall Street spectators occasionally
went wrong.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia.
All Other States and Canada.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively untitled
tn the use for republication of all r9ws dis
patches credited to 1t or not otherwise cred
tied in this paper and also the local rewS
published herein. All rights Of publication OF
Special dispatches herein are also reserved.
Evening star., 1928-12-31

Conscientious and able endeavor does
not necessarily bring results sufficient,
at this stage of the worlds affairs. to
be considered worthy of peace prize
award.
Evening star., 1928-12-31

Debate appears likely to become 80
interesting that the Congressional
Record Office would be warranted In
issuing a notice that Nov is the time
to subscribe"
Evening star., 1928-12-31

In legislative affairs, the President
elect will, it is hoped, have opportunity
for conferences in Washington, D. c.,
that viii demonstrate anew his efficiency
as a goodwill influence.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
The Worlds Getting Better.

From the Topeka Daily Capital.
Luckily, it seems, the radio program
makers did not learn that this wear is
the Tooth anniversary of the introduc-
ton from Austria into this country of
the accordion, until the date went by.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
This Is Low Humor.

From the Providence Journal
Prof. Hultcrantz of the University of
Upsala says that the Swedes are the
tallest people in Europe This probably
comes from their living in such high
latitudeS.
Evening star., 1928-12-31
Trade in Old One.
Daily Journal.

From the Flint Daily Journal.
The King of the Fiji Islands has
been arrested because he failed to pay
his tax, amounting to $12.50. Perhaps
he's saving his money to buy new
crown.
Evening star., 1928-12-31

China claims to have discovered gun
powder; and is now ready to assist in
the discovery of some method for
averting its use,
Evening star., 1928-12-31
We Like ''Abscent" Best.

From the Fort Wayne News-Sentinel
Some OF these delicate scents" Of
fered as Christmas presents should
stimulate the gas mask industry.