davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
COLD MODERATES
LEAVING DEATH
TOLL of 2-SCORE
Slowly Rising Tempera-
lures Bring Relief From
Worst Winter Cold
(By The Associated Press)


Slowly rising temperatures through
out the midwest brought relief from
the seasons worst cold wave with
more than two-score dead reported in
it's wake.
The break in the Weather'S sub-zero
grip. began last night. Today and to-
morrow, the weather bureau predicted,
would see further relief from the cold,
but more snow was the outlook for
later in the week.
Ohio yesterday reported acute si1f-
fering from the icy grip with three
additional deaths blamed against the
weather.
The south, also included in the cold
spell with below freezing temperatures
unique around the gulf, welcomed the
break, although evidence of the cold
snap remained Daytona Beach re-
ported thousands of dead fish floating
on the surface of the water, W tins of
the cold were reported as far south
as Birmingham, Ala.
Roads blocked by the snow which
accompanied the cold wave were being
cleared and near-nOrmal highway
traffic was resumed.
Prairie sections of western Canada
were still held in the sub-zero clutches,
but immediate relief was promised by
weather forecasters.
More seasonable weather prevailed
along the Pacific coast regions.
In Philadelphia, one man was frozen
to death and ten city schools were fore
ed to close because they were insult
ficiently heated Railroad trains were
delayed in many regions.
CHICAGO, JAN 3 (P)-The middle
west today obtained some relief from
the sub-zero temperature and heavy
Snowfall that made the double New
Years holiday uncomfortable for
reVelerS.
Generally fair skies prevailed over
the Great Lakes and Mississippi valley
regions blanketed by snow.
Continued clear weather is forecast
for Wednesday with sharply rising
temperature, attaining perhaps 20
above zero.
Air mail service and transportation
are again at normal, although in places
highways still are partly blocked by
snow
Discovery of the frozen body of a
woman, dead in her home several days
ran the deaths attributed to the cold
wave here to 33. The body of an aged
unidentified man was found under a
f., drift at Peoria, Ill.
The last of the so travellers maroon
ed in farm houses near Morris, Ills.
when the highway was blocked by a
bus unable to force itself through a
drift, today were en- route to their
destinations. They were forced tc
desert motor cars last Saturday night
Continued on Page Eight1
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
Would Offer All Nations
Treaty Renouncing War
AS a Policy.
INVITED
Proposal Is Counter Sug-
gestiOn to French Minis
ter's Plan.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 3 P-The for
NAL invitation to France to join the
United States in proposing to all the
principal powers of the world a multi
lateral treaty containing declaration
''renouncing war as an instrument of
national policy" was made public to-
day by the state department. It was
forwarded to Paris December % as an
elaboration of the original draft pact
of perpetual friendship between France
and the United States"
On the same date, the state depart
ment transmitted draft treaty to
replace the Root arbitration treaty
with France on its expiration February
27. 1t includes in the preamble a
proposed general declaration against
resort to war. A copy of this draft has
been transmitted to the British and
Japanese governments and will be
transmitted to every other government
with whom the United States has a
Root arbitration pact The text of the
draft of the revised arbitration treaty
was not made public, although the
American proposals it contains are
known in general terms.
Ambassador Claudel called on Sec
retary Kellogg today to discuss the
various peace treaty proposals. 1t was
said at the embassy, however, that he
was still unadviSed as to the attitude
of the French foreign office on the
suggestion from washington that
France and the United States lead the
way in a worldwide movement to get
all nations committed to the anti-war
declaration.
The proposal which is in the nature
of counter suggestion to the French
foreign minister's original plan for a
bilateral treaty, against war between
France and the United States, is con-
tanned in note from the state de-
partment to the French government
The BRAND draft pact, it says, ''pro-
poses that the two powers should SOL
emnly declare in the name of their
respective peoples that they condemn
resource to war, renounce it as an in
strHment of their national policy to-
wards each other and agree that a set
tlement of disputes arising between
them, of whatsoever nature or origin
they may be, shall never be sought by
either party except through pacific
means"
In answer to this suggestion Secre-
tary Kellogg said he had given it care
full consideration and warmly recip-
rocated for the American people the
'.lofty sentiments of friendship" that
had inspired Minister BRAND to pro-
pose such treaty.
The state department announcement
emphasized the fact that the proposed
revised Franco American arbitration
treaty already submitted for French
consideration is entirely separate from
the secretary's reply to the BRAND
proposal In any event, the Washing
ton government proposes if possible to
make over it's arbitration treaties with
all on the lines Of the draft which has
been sent to France and which in its
final form will be taken as a model.
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
ANCIENT INDIAN PUEBLO FOUND
NEAR TUCSON BY, PROF. CUMMINGS

of Tucson, in section 20 north
half, range 13 east, township 10,
south, in PinaI county, near the
Pima county line."
The newly discovered Indian
ruins are i'll an unsurveyed tract
of land which would be section 2,
range 13, east, township IL, south,
Page said. The district is in the
TOrtOIitas mountains.
The two Indian villages are con-
nected by the Locas ranch road
which is roughly parallel to an
ancient Indian trail.
Cummings and Page Sunday ex-
cavated from the newly discovered
ruins number of pot shards, ar
rOwheads and stone axes. They
were assisted by John Jenney and
John McGregOr, students in Cum
mings' archaeology class.
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04

TUCSON, Jan. (R-DiscOvery
of the ruins of an ancient Indian
pueblo of the pithOuse type was
made last Sunday in Pima cOun-
ty, just across the PinaI county
line, 19 miles northwest of Tucson
by Byron Cummings, president of
the University of Arizona, and
Donald w. Page, deputy building
inspector of Tucson.
DIR. Cummings and Captain
Page also visited the picture rocks
recently discovered by Page and
GIentOn Sykes, an employe in the
city engineers office.
''They are the most wonderful
picture rocks have ever seen,"
DIR. Cummings said, "the rocks are
part of another and larger Indian
village, 2 miles north, northwest
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
Hickman Pleads Not
Guilty to Crime By
Reason of Insanity

torneys, if the judge takes advan-
tage of the recently enacted Cali
| fornia laws which provides that
the trial judge may take the ex-
animation of prospective jurors into
his own hands.
New California laws governing in
sanity in criminal cases also may
find their first test in this case, at
torneys pointed out. A new law in
this state provides that if the de-
fendant is found to have been in
sane at the time he committed the
crime he must be sent to a state
institution from which he cannot
be released without notice to the
court which committed him and a
hearing Legal authorities tonight did
not agree on what the procedure
would be if person found to have
been insane at the time of the crime
subsequently made the claim he
again was sane.
While Hickman was being arrai
gned the county grand jury post
poned until tomorrow scheduled
investigation of the holdup and fatal
shooting of c. Ivy Thoms, RoSehill
druggist on Christmas Eve, 1926
Both Hickman and 16-year-old Wilby
Hunt have confessed they staged the
holdup, although Hunt has denied it
was he who shot the druggist. The
bullet which caused the druggists
death, however, has been identified
as of the same calibre as the pistol
carried by Hunt. Regardless of which
of the youths fired the shot, under
California law, each would be equal
ly guilty of the murder.
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
CRIMINOLOGIST TO WE'D l1
INTERNATIONAL WOMAN CRIMINAL

NEW YORK, Jan. (A0 = The
engagement of an internationally
known woman criminal, to marry
the internationally noted Grim
in0logist whose inspiration she was
in the preparation of book on
the famous women criminals of all
time, was announced today.
May Vivienne Churchill, known
TO the police of three continents
as "ChicagO May" Churchill, as
sisted and inspired Netley Lucas,
English criminOlogist, in the prep
aratiOn of his book, Ladies of the
Underworld" Lucas today an
nOunced their engagement. The
date for the wedding has not
been determined upon, he said.
Lucas came to New York recent
Iy to start a study of underworld
conditions in the United States,
"Chicago May Churchill has
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04

police record which in the past 35
years included charges of black
mail, robbery and attempted muir
der. She is best known, however,
as the associate of Eddie Guerin,
who in 1902 was convicted of rob-
bing the American Express COM
pany in Paris of several million
of dollars. Sentenced to Devils
Island for the crime, Guerin be-
came the first man to escape from
that penal colony.
In 1907, Chicago May" was sem
fenced to Is years in prison and
an associate named "Smith" to
life for an attempt to kill Guerin
in London. Smith was charged
with the actual shooting, while
Mrs. Churchill was convicted Of
inspiring the crime out of pique
because Guerin refused to recOg-
nize her on the street.
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
Col Lndbergh Lands On TegucigaZpa Field
; y * = + *** **,
Arizona Has Great
Men0gerie In WiIds,
u. S. Forester States

Y TUCSON, Jan. R)-Arizona :
Y has 1871 antelopes, COL black or
+ brown bears, IA grizzly bears,
\ 59,368 deer, 758 elks, 239 noun
\ tain sheep and 72 beavers, accord
Y ing to census just made by Will
Y liam B. Greeley, United States
Y forester and included in his an
y nual report.
+ A copy of the report was CIV
+ en- to the press today by Matt
+ j. Culley, director of the Santa
+ Rita range reserve. Culley will
Y leave for Washington, January
Y Is, on a four months detail in
T connection with the investigating
Y work on the reserve.
y * 81 y * * * * * * 5. x: - 4. :
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04

LOS ANGELES, Jan. 8, R-Will-
lam Edward Hickman today pleaded
not guilty to the charges of kid
mapping and numbering marian Park
er "by reason of insanity"
He at first pleaded insanity on
the murder charge alone, but changed
it later to cover both accusations.
When asked by the court if he
understood that his insanity plea was
an admission of the killing, he re-
piled with a brief Eyes"
Superior Judge Carlos Hardy fixed
the date of trial as January 25. At
first he named January "a, but
when he found that he was con-
Hllting a 1927 calendar, he changed
the day.
Hickman's attorney, jerome Walsh
of Kansas City, filed an affidavit
OF fact asking for delay in the
plea, but this was denied
Following the taking of pleas
Walsh asked for 35 day continu-
ance before trial, which is five days
over the legal limit in this state.
The judge ended the argument by
setting January 25.
Hickman was asked by the court
if Walsh was his only attorney, and
he replied eyes, your Honor
He spoke only twice during the
hsort session. Throughout he sat be-
side his lawyer at the counsel table
with eyes fixed on the floor.
Behind him, at the rear of the
courtroom was the only representa-
tive of the Parker family present,
Perry (BilD Parker, step-brother of
the slain girl. Young Parker ap-
peared to be under a severe ner-
vous strain, riveting his eyes alter
nately on the judge and the prison.
er.
There was only one delay from the
time Hickman was led through the
heavily guarded corridors to the
courtroom until he emerged again
on his way back to the counuty Jail.
This came during a conference in
the Judges chambers between Judge
Hardy and Walsh after the latter
had asked for continuance OF the
plea.
While court relaxed, Hickman was
taken from the room to the pris-
oners room adjoining and was re-
turned four minutes later when Judge
Hardy resumed the bench.
The entire eighth floor of the hall
of Justice was crowded solid with
persons seeking admittance to the
courtroom, but a heavy squad OF
guards with tear bombs in their
hands, ready for emergencies, main
tanned order. !.
The brief but dramatic proceed
ings established one thing. They set
to rest rumors that Hickman might
seek to escape the death penalty by
claiming he was under 18 years OF
age.
In his affidavit asking for, time
to find insanity witnesses, Attorney
Walsh declared that Hickman, al
though under 81, is of an age that
would permit hanging "to wit, the
age of nineteen years"
Although Hickman's plea legally
leaves only the question of his san
ity for the court to decide, author
tiles connected With the case said
today that the whole greWsome
crime would be revealed necessarily
to the jury in the process OF deter
minig the slayer's sanity.
Attorneys pointed out thNt the
burden of proof in his plea OF in
sanity rests on the defense, the
California law holding a presumption
of sanity.
Selection of a jury, which ordinar-
lily might be expected to be long
due to the tremendous publicity and
the strong public feeling in the case,
may be speeded up, according to at
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04

Copper firm; electrolytic,
spot and futures, 14-14.12c;
lead steady; spot, 6.5Oc.
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
Creager Asks Help
To Elect Hoover
To the Presidency

DALLAS, Texas, Jan. OR. B.
Creager of Brownsville, republican ma
tional committeeman, today sent a let
ter to officials of the Texas republican
party naming Herbert Hoover as the
man "who will best carry out the
Coolidge policies and perpetuate the
prosperity associated with the Coolidge
program"
The letter described Hoover as a
genuine republican and great man
in every sense of the word"
Douglas daily dispatch., 1928-01-04
Officials Are Anxious To
Stamp Out SandinO to
Quench Revolution.
BUSY
Opposition to Administra-
TONS Central American
Policy Sighted.

ucSCEOyeFS aG Tic BOSTON navy
yard received orders tonight TO
proceed at once to Hampton
Roads en- route TO Nicaragua.
The vessels were the ]. X. PauId-
ing, OvertOn, Putnam, MacFar-
land and Sturtevant. ALI pre-
pared to get under way at mid
night.
The mine layer Shawnut was
ordered to leave for Hampton
Roads tomorrow morning. There
1t will take on board 80 Officers
and 400 men for Nicaragua.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 8 R1 - Al
Islashing drive to quiet Augustine
Sandino, the Nicaraguan leader whom
the Washington government regards
as a bandit, will be started soon
by the United States marines.
Orders went out today for the.
immediate dispatch Of 1000 additional
marines from the United States to
augment the 1,400 already on the
ground.
Pursuit Of the rebels, however, will
not await the arrival of reinforce
ments from the states. Already blue
Jackets have been called from the
ships in Nicaraguan waters to relieve
marines from guard duty so they
can take the trail for the Nueva
Segovia strongholds of Sandino.
The marines are reported to be
thoroughly aroused over the Staying
of their comrades in the recent
guerilla warfare conducted by the
rebels and to be eager to clash with
the enemy.
Machinery was put into swift mo-
tion, at the navy department for
Ia more intensive campaign against
Sandino, after President Coolidge had
gone over with Secretary Wilbur
official reports Of the recent clashes
in which lives OF marines were lost.
One battalion of marines was ord
cred moved from San Diego to the
fighting zone and another from Paris
Island, S. O., as quickly as trans
portation can be provided
From Nicaragua came the word
that the commander of the special
service squadron had sent today It's
marines in answer to the call for
aid from the troops that engaged
Sandino. The reinforcements are
from the warships Rochester, Gal
weston and Tulsa, and will be landed
at Corinto on the west coast within
the next two days.
Brig. Gen. Logan Feland, COM
mander at Paris Island and an ex
perienced Nicaraguan campaigner,
was ordered today to resume COM
mand of marine forces in Nicaragua,
with the assistance of Colonel Robert
H. Dunlop, of the Quantico, Va, base,
and Colonel L. M. Gulick, who is
now in charge in Nicaragua.
Washington officials are particular
ly anxious to stamp out the depre-
dations of the dashing Sandino for
fear that he might again fan to
flame the revolutionary spirit so re-
Continued on Page Eight)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-01-07
Unemployed Must Pass
Police O. K.
Continued from Page Onel

Continued from Page One)
After being rushed thru the meal
the inquisition begins. A doctor ex-
amines everyone in turn, being par
ticulary careful to smell each mans
breathe Many are turned away by
him.
Aged Man Arrested.
One aged man who piteously remon-
strated with him was promptly showed
into the detention pen to await arrest.
The questioning is viciously con-
Quoted. Who are your friends, rela-
tives? Who was your last boss?
Are you New Yorker? When were
you here last? Anyone who answers
unsatisfactory is promptly turned
away. Anyone who has no friends or
relatives or who has been unemployed
for long time is detained for arrest.
Police raids on the lodging house on
two successive nights resulted in more
than 20 unemployed workers being
sentenced to the workhouse on tech
nical charges of "vagrancy." Depu-
ties of the New York department of
welfare aided The police in both raids.
Municipal Campaign.
This procedure is part of a we'll
defined campaign by the New York
municipal authorities to drive thou
sands of unemployed workers out of
the New York district 1t win con-
tinue, according to Superintendent
MacMahon.
/ Due to acute unemployment thru
out the United States and Canada the
setting in of winter has resulted in
record number of applications for
shelter at the Municipal Lodging
House and similar institutions.
Two Take Poison.
Charles Kormick, 25-year-old I'M
employed worker, was critically i'll at
Bellevue Hospital yesterday from the
effects of poison swallowed while
waiting in line at the Municipal
Lodging House the night before. He
had spent one night at the Lodging
House previously and feared he would
be either turned away or arrested.
He had no other place to go, he told
hospital attendants.
Similarly Frederick Mccormick,
hungry and without funds after long
unemployment, took poison in a
Brooklyn subway station yesterday.
At the Kings County Hospital, where
his condition is critical, attendants
found the following note in his pock-
ct:
Il am veteran of the World War.
l served in the Canadian Army and
received a lot of high honors. l have
no money and no job and l am hungry.
Goodbye to all. Please notify my sis
ter, Mrs. William Burke, at 90 De
catur St, Dorchester, Mass.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-01-07
Butcher Workers
to Call Strike

In the next few days a general
strike call involving over 5000 butch
er workers in New York City will be
issued. A strike called by the He
brew Butcher Workers Union will
effect Brooklyn, Bronx, Washington
Heights, and the Lower East Side.
Determination is expressed by the
workers to end the unbearable condi-
tions under which they are forced to
work. At present the kosher butch
ers work from $50 in the morning to
5 at night, and on Thursday they
work from $3.50 to 1850, for seven days
a week.
The union also plans to establish
cooperative stores to fight those
bosses that insist on not recognizing
the union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-01-07
Father OF Marine NoaO IN Nicaragua
limited to Leuln Memorial Meeting

News that the Lenin Memorial
meeting at Madison Square Garden
January 21, will be converted into a
protest meeting against the Nicara-
guam war was made public yesterday
at the office of the Lenin Memorial
Committee, 799 Broadway.
At the same time William W.
Weinstone, district organizer of the
Workers (Communist) Party, 108 f..
14th ST., under whose auspices the
memorial meeting is to be held, wrote
to Harold Leavey, Jr., 1853 Avenue o,
Brooklyn, father Of Harold Leavey,
one of the marines who was dis
patched to Nicaragua for war duty
against the rebel forces of General
SANDING, and formally invited the
marines father to attend the anti
imperialist Lenin Memorial meeting.
Weinstone's letter follows in FULL
plain Murder"
eve join with you in protest
against the sending of American
marines to Nicaragua. We agree
with you that the dispatch Of your
son to this little Central American
country which is fighting for its
freedom is nothing but plain murder
of your son and other workers sons
in the interest of the Wall Street
bankers.
"As a political party which is de-
Dictated to the fight against world
imperialism, we wish to point out
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-01-07
Gomez TO talk ON
NICARACUAN WAR

Manuel Gomez, secretary of the
United States section of the All
America Anti-Imperialist League, will
speak on "Our War With Nicaragua"
at the open forum of the Workers
School, 1O8 E. 14th St., Sunday night
at 8.
Commenting on the talk, Bertram
D. Wolfe, director of the school, said:
"This is one Of the most important
situations facing the American work
ers. Marines are daily being rushed
to slaughter those who are fighting
for Nicaraguan independence, and for
emancipation from American finan-
cial interests.
Gomez, keen student of world
politics, has written much concerning
the question of Pan-American rela-
tions."
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-01-07
BUY THE DAILY WORKER
AT THE NEW SSTA ND
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
pear before it after previous testi-
mony by certain electrical contractors
had pictured him as being unwilling
to deal with the employers and hav-
ing set up reign of terror in Local
8 over which Breach is now practi-
cally the complete ruler.
Admits Setting Up Reign of Terror.
GAS to the charge of having insti-
tuted a reign of terror" Breach re-
piled, 81 admit that we have had to
deal with the situation in a practical
way. You can't deal with a union as
if it were Sunday school. You can't
accomplish anything by singing
hymns. In the French revolution af-
ter the reign of terror a few heads
had to fall. These are the practical
facts and we have had to meet them"
To the charge of excessive fines of
$780, $500 and even $1,000 levied
against members who refused to take
his instructions, Breach made a sim
liar reply and further pointed out
that courts act in the same way under
similar conditions. He admitted that
the effect of these fines had been to
force these members out of the
union.
In addition it was disclosed that
under the new Reorganization" pol
icy of Breach, the initiation fee had
been raised 500 to the present sum
of $3.50. This was necessary, he
stated, to bring order out of chaos.
Plays Up To Big Bosses.
Making a further bid for the sup
port of the large contractors in the
trade, the man who had come to New
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-01-07
CAP MAKERS HOE
ELECTIONS TODA

Nominations and elections for a ne
executive board for Local / of th
Cloth Hat, Cap and Millinery Work
ers' Union are to take place today :
the Headgear Workers Lyceum, 21@
e. 9Th St., at p. m.
This is one of the locals which re
Gently compelled the employers as
ISOLATION to end lockout declared j
an attempt to reinstitute the 44-hou
week in the industry. The executiv
board now in control of the local ad
vised the workers to concede to tn
employers demands but the rank ana
file insisted on struggle, winning a
partial victory as a result.
Militant Board Wanted.
International President Max Ear
itsky for the past year or more has
been openly proposing to the en-
ployers the institution Of piece work
and standard Of production. He is
allied with the present executive
board
The workers, condemning these
proposals as meaning longer hours
and the speed-up system, are expected
to come in large numbers to today's
meeting to defeat the present execu-
tive board and elect militant one.