davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

probably! but the nail is finally
driven. And more nails, and
more, until finally the carpenter
drives nails from force of habit
like an instinct.
*&&
We learn to skate in summer
and to swim in winter, said James.
He meant that our gradually ris-
ing curve of learning reaches a
crest-and stops for while. Dur
ing summer, we consolidate all
that we learned during winter.
With the next winter, we start
from a new level. It is even more
true that we learn both to skate
and to swim when we learn to
walk, just as we have made prog
ress in learning Chinese when we
have learned English. But to learn
Chinese, or to skate, or to dance
on our toes, We must start early;
our muscles soon get set in their
ways.
1t is the first walk that Is the
hardest The steps we acquire
later in life are mere child's play
compared with the first step the
child learns to make. Balancing
the body on one foot on a wire
rope is only possible because we
learned first to balance the body
on a ball a half-inch in diameter.
We speak of such complex acts
as tennis, typewriting. piano play
ing, etc. They are complex, but
the complex and difficult part was
learned by the time we could walk
across the room and put a finger
in the cats eye.
Do we learn these acts, or are
they innate responses that appear
in due time? We know that the
newborn's legs are not only weak,
but are not yet shaped for an
upright gait, and that its spine
has not yet taken on human
curves; legs and spine grow
human. Several years elapse
before they are entirely human
in character. But they are human
enough to walk on within twelve
or fifteen months.
The great, the essential. the
refined, the delicate movements
are learned within three years.
That little mechanism grows up
with us. Throughout life we call
upon it to run, to swim, to
climb, to dance, to jump, to hold
EN-" to knock 'em stiff"
Copyright. 1928, by George A. Dorsey
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
By George A. Dorsey,
Phi. d., IL. D.
CHAPTER xxx

Our nervous system is no ladder;
1t is built around a tube. 1t has
plenty OF reflex arcs, but it is
surmounted by a brain whose big
business is to learn and to profit
by experience. The baby's spinal
cord is largely organized at birth;
but it its big brain is a clean slate.
There is nothing known it cannot
learn. With man, plastic behavior
reaches its highest point.
We do not inherit instincts. but
an instructive mode OF vegetative
and reproductive reactions; also an
instructive activity which by the
nature Of the stimulus says Eyes"
or no." a positive or a negative
response. With such activity, we
can learn to walk and pull the
cats tail: we can form habits. We
bump our head against the table;
our next response to table is condi-
toned. We pull the wrong cats
tail; our habit of response to cats
tails is conditioned. All our re-
sponses are conditioned. That is
the way we learn to behave. We
do not require instincts; we can &C
quire habits. II we get set in
them, we can. forget our brains and
live like ants.
Add 1t UP: instincts are inner
tied habits. Have we more than
a chimpanzee? We cannot say.
But we can say that both OF us
have enough to start out in life;
il not, we are defective and do
not go far. We can also say that
our inheritance of reflex arcs ex-
ceeds that Of the chimpanzee by
several ounces of neurons. AS a
consequence, we have more nerv-
Gus machinery in general, more
neurons to load, more paths to
carry the load.
But the fundamental difference
between mans and chimpanzee' 3
inheritance is in parents. Once
a chimpanzee, always a CHM
panZee; but a man may become a
skunk or a saint. Think of all
the kinds of people you know!
Mans inherited habit-to-live can
be modified into thousands of
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
Habit "A Vicious Tyrant


fore he was bound. So 1t is ale
ways. If one is wide awake, few
undesirable things snecS up on
him and try to get a foothold in.
side his mind. It is when he is
asleep-off guard-that he is en-
shaved.
1--WE been on the lookout q
great WHILE" he tells himself,
land nothing at all has happened.
I'll just take it easy and if any,
thing breaks time enough to fix
it later"
So he argues to himself. But
the trouble is that to fix thing
after it breaks is a very difficult
accomplishment indeed. In fact
the smart thing is to be so alert
that no little habit, however in.
consequent, can come near ennugh
to tie even one hard knot in it's
binding string.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
HOu TO Conserve Time in Ironing

ing, everything can be ironed in
it. However, some things can
be ironed much more easily than
others. All flat pieces can be
ironed quickly and satisfactorily.
The finish produced is very
often superior to that Of hand
ironing. And as you use an iron
ing machine you learn how to
select or make garments, such
as housedresses, underwear and
children's clothes, which can be
ironed easily and at a saving OF
time ~
Sheets, bedspreads, tablescloths
and lunch cloths, usually are
folded only once lengthwise, be-
fore being put into the ironer.
Pillow cases should be started
through closed end first, without
folding. Napkins and hand tow
els must be started straight, and
can be put through several at one
time. This not only saves time,
but eliminates scorching by the
part of the ironer which is not
being used continuously.
The ironing machine of TODAY
is indeed an investment well
worth looking into.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
CORRECT
MANNERS
|-Mrs. Cornelius Beeckman-
Buy the Tickets
AR MRS. BEECKMAN:

Buy inc lACACOB
TEAR MRS. BEECKMAN:
~ /. Is it necessary for a girl
who has asked a boy to a dance,
to pay for him?
2. Is a white georgette dress
with short sleeves considered APP
propriate for informal evening
wear?
g.. Should a girl wait for her
escort to seat her at dinner even
though she is quite sure he won't?
4. Would you consider this writ
ing paper in good taste?
5. Is it necessary for a girl TO
remove her glove when shaking
hands with an older woman on the
street?
6. When promising a person to
visit her soon, does one answer
st will or (shalI), thank your"
A PUZZLED READER.
UTHEN a girl asks a boy to ac-
w company her to a dance, she
should take as her hostess respon-
sibility all the details that go with
that invitation. If there are tickets
to buy, she should buy them.
2. 1t is q bit difficult to answer
this question without knowing
more Of the mode of the dress and
the degree of the formality Of the
occasion to which it is to be worn.
Generally speaking, 1t would seem
to be more of an informal frock
than formal.
3. A well-bred girl would natu-
rally expect to have her escort pull
out her chair and help her to be
seated, and so 1t is natural for her
to think that he viii do this. How
ever, IL from past experience she
has found out that he does not
know that this detail Is expected OF
him, it does seem rather futile for
her to wait for this gallant atten.
ton. If she Is a wise girl she will
sometimes bring this detail into
the conversation-most casually,
Of course, and seeming to have no
'tulterior motive"
A. To my taste buff. especially
buff that borders so nearly on yell
low, is not an attractive shade for
writing paper. However, am one
Of those conventional people who
most like white or oyster-white,
or very light gray, or very light
blue paper better than any other
shade. Your handwriting and your
artistic spacing and your excellent
sense of letter-forIn deserve a
splendid letter-paper background.
Why not try an oyster-white, or
very light gray?
5. No.
6. In this case, .'I win, thank
your probably would convey her
meaning best. 81 will'' Is correct
for a promise. However, as .
matter Of fact, ct shalI' is also
correct, for that means simply
futurity.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

) ways Of living. We do not in
herit habits Of shaving, wearing
kimonos, three meals a day, plug
hats, skyscrapers. adherence Of
pork, four wives, faith in Sunday
schools, or belief in higher edu-
cation for women. We do inherbit
parents who do not want us to
disgrace them and who do their
best to bring us up in the way
we ought to go.
Which means that human in
heritance varies from age to age
and cradle to cradle. Little the
newborn cares about a silver
spoon in his mouth-he inherbited
the habit of responding to an
empty stomach; or whether the
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

exchanging, acquiring and trans
hitting experiences, human cul-
ture is inconceivable.
Life learns. An amelia probably
learns new tricks not inherent in
original protoplasm. Man also
must learn by experience. But If
you tell me 1.-The waters cold" or
That's a toadstool," it saves me
time. 1t is this enormous as
semblage of others experiences in
the form of objects and descrip-
tons which makes human culture
what it is and mans birthright
today what it is.
An engineer will build an air
plane in less time than it took
him to learn to drive his first
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

roof over his head is copper or
thatch-he inherited the habit
Of crawling in out Of the wet.
y
To describe human adjust
ments in terms OF instincts or
analyze specific human behavior
or our own consciousness-into
instructive acts, Is to stir the
mud. Human culture is the &C.
cumulated responses of the man.
animal to his man-made environ
ment. It accumulates, it varies,
because man can and does talk.
This seems a handicap at times.
but in the long run it has had
enormous consequences. without
speech as an organized tool OF
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

nall. But in an entire lifetime he
could not alone assemble the
materials for the airplane, or,
without benefit of accumulated
knowledge, learn how to make
one nail.
We inherit no nail-driving
habit. We do inherit a motor
mechanism which feels good when
functioning. We took our. first
lesson in driving nail when we
banged the rattle on the side of
the crib. Later, stimuli of nails.
hammer, soft pine, an environ
ment holding other stimuli to
activity: countless reflex arcs,
some already learned in responses
to such stimuli; thumb smashed,
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
ON CLEANING
SHADES

Wall paper cleaners can be
used for freshening up slightly
soiled window shades. 1t is pos
sible to clean linen shades of
good quality by stretching them
tightly on curtain stretcher
frame or lacking them on the
floor and scrubbing them with
warm soapsuds. They should be
rinsed with warm water applied
with a brush. and ironed before
they are entirely dry.-Popular
Science Monthly.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

these is well within the reach Of
the average purse.
Without doubt, the initial cost
of the ironing machine is the
chief reason why there are so
few of them in our homes. But
If only two or four hours were
saved each week throughout the
year by the use of one, this saw
ing In time alone would justify
the investment.
What can one iron in an iron
ing machine?" IL the question
most women ask. Generally speak.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
A POPULAR
FALLACY

The popular belief that porcu-
pines shoot their quilts Is n
myth, according to Vernon
Bailey, distinguished zoologist ut
Washington.
when met with" he says in
Popular Science Monthly, "thc
porcupine tries to escape. but If
crowded it bristles up, erects It's
quilts and stands at bay. AS the
enemy approaches within reach,
fierce blows of the heavily armed
tail are struck and the barbed
quilts are thus driven into any
thing within reach"
The French League for the Pro-
lection of Animals is trying to
have enforced, through the League
OF Nations, an eight-hour day
and one day off a week for horses.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
REMARKABLE
DELICACY

At the only cactus apple or
chard in the United States, near
San Fernando, CAL, huge quanti-
ties of this remarkable delicacy
are grown for markets through
out the country, reports Popular
Science Monthly. Their watery
meat, which has a pulpy sweet
ness, is used to make jelIies, pre-
serves and candy; or the apples
may be eaten just as they are
plucked. Each acre produces 500
to 600 boxes Of the rare fruit.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
FRIED FOODS
UPHELD

Following experiments just
completed in the University of
Chicago. A. c. Ivy, ofsthe depart.
ment of physiology, and Bessie
Borgess., of the department Of
home economics, assure us now
that "fried foods move just as
rapidly through the stomach as
boiled foods, and cause no block
ing of the gastric secretions, as
has been alleged" says Popular
Science Monthly.
Testing fried and boiled 20.
kat0es in pancreatic juice, they
found the fried variety responded
more readily to digestive pro-
cesses. Stepped in an excess Of
rat, however, gastric disturbances
resulted. Similar experiments
proved good pie digestible.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
THELARGEST
BALLOON

The largest balloon ever built Is
used in Germany to study atmos.
pheric currents in higher attitudes
and their effects on the human
system and on motors. The huge
balloon has gas capacity of $780,
600 cubic feet and diameter Of
IS feet. The gondola accommo.
dates four passengers and car
ries a small motor to test the
working of motors in a rarified
atmosphere.
Military airplanes in Mexico now
scout in advnace of trains moving
in districts where rebels are now
active. The plan is to further in
sure the safety Of passengers
aboard the trains.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

from a household light plant or a
high-power line. The cost of cleo
tricity required to run the motor
is small. It will not exceed
cents an hour in most localities.
Electricity is perhaps the clean
est and most satisfactory source
of heat for heating the ironer, nut
il the home cannot obtain it or can
not afford to use it, any NUMBER
of different fuels can be used 1or
this purpose-kerosine, gasoline or
gas natural, artificial or bottieol:
The cost Of heating it with ono OIL
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17

1904. Ladies' Dress.
Cut in sizes: "a, So, 3s, 20,
AZ and A inches bust measure.
A So inch size requires SIS yards
of "a inch material. The width
of the dress at the lower adEe
is yards. Price loo. a
6065. Girls Dress.
Cut in sizes: 6, s, 10 II ysaES
A 10 year size requires az yards
of So inch material together with
u yard of contrasting material.
To trim with bias binding as
illustrated will require IN yards
Price 10c.
Send 100 In stamps or coin -
WASHING ON TIMES Magazine Ear
tor. Print name and address plainly
to insure prompt delivery.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
Timely Topics

Rats are estimated to consume
food worth $3.50, 100000 in Great
Britain every year.
OF London's $50 "open spaces"
about $50 may be described as
garden squares" and only 81 OF
these are safe from the builders
hands.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
This Dan in Our History

appointed commander
nche of ali the armies United States and given the title
had hitherto been held only ~
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
Queer DOings

A branch OF the League Of Ma
tions has been found in DanZig.
Canadian farm lands in occupar
ton in 1927 were valued at an
average of $38 per acre.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-03-17
English Page in Chinese Newspaper

Liberty News Chinese The
has added printed the English to
newspaper published 10 years but until now mas
the necessity for using English.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-01-12
GROWERS URGE CUT
|NCOTTON ACREAGE
Convention Approves Plan to
Hold Surplus for Good
Market Price.

NEW ORLEANS. January IA
plan providing for Withholding the
surplus crop from the market until
the price should provide A reasonable
profit" and 10 reduce acreage when.
ever a surplus Was grown vas adopt
ed una nimousiy here yesterday by ii
meeting 0f Southern cotton farmers
held under auspices of the American
Cotton Association.
The plan, which was submitted by
Col. iIaryte Jordan OF Green.llie, r.
e. manager Of the better farming
campaign Of the American Cotton As
s1cfation, provided that administration
III the plan should be carried Gut by
d. chairman and wire chairman in each
county, and that expenses should be
provided by IeYHing ~ cents a bale
90 the cation and 80 . year on banks
handling Ipa liz 10 producers.
The MEETING. @bieh had been e1
pected ~ last two days. then ad
t9ufDsd
A. resolution Wax adopted urging
that rDston acreage be reduced his
scar and that fhe smaller area bs cut
siysted more intensely 40 as - In
crease the Yield ~ better kpi1rsbie
cott1n per aefe at in~er cost ~
prpduetiou, aud that land which viii
not procure half bale ~ lint cot
Ton be planted IN "A ieRnns crop,
4 "Dtten financing corporation
"Vjsh SUFFICIENT capital 10 finance and
hold If the market any tempot Al
surplus III "nttDD produced tn any
year, IN 1tdef 10 stabilize The price
VI .gtton aud make The crop bring
the average cost 1T produrtion ana !,
geasonal3is profit IN the capital and
labor invested, vas favored.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-01-12
MEMORIAL URGED
FOR WEST POINT
S. 90.0 900 Building Pro-
gram Seeks $4,000, 900 for
War Trophy Building.


The erection at IVES, Point ot q
s.. 900. 900 World War memorial build
Ing ~ contemplated In n sS,ose,ooe
building program for the Military
Academy submitted TO Congress by
the War Department,
Chairman Merin Of the House mill
tary committee. To which II VAS re-
ferfed. announced that he would In
troduce n bin the FIRST Ut the week
to place the proposal before the een'
mtttee in Legislative form
The memorial building In addition to
prov iding space for housing war feltes
would contain a large assembly hall
Mr., Morin said that the bin he has
drafted would include provisions Tor
the following buildings,
Cadet barracks including cadet
visitors reception rooms. $ssa,eoes ~
apartments tatiaeers anartefsl, seee,'
600; gymnasium. north wing. Saae.'
600, alterations ta Academic eulldlnss,
sac 600. new raads. ssea,eau; ice
house. tia 900; auartefnsasiers store
house and shop. tAou,un quarter
masters STABLES aud wagon she.is,
xlaa 600. new service detaehMent bar
laeks tsao meal taananoa, new hand
barracks and hand nsaetsce rassm
100 menl. $3.50 eua, enlisted men =
uuartets. xiSa. ueo. post exchange. sac.
Qua, new barracks ga men., ssNa
baa, Infantry barracks, siNa aaai
sehanthaase tgraMmar and hssh
sehcal. sias NAa. aAa works, ssau, uaes
veterinary haspital. tsS.eea,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-01-12
DAUGHTER OF SLAIN.
WIDOW IS SOUGHT.
Unsiqned Win of Mrs. Apple
by, Sack Murder Victim,
Leaves $3.50, 900 to Girl.

b. the AkseAAhF'a ''"~"F
Los ANGELES. January IA
sea,cb for daughter of Mrs. Amelia
Appleby, wealthy sack murder VIC
Tim. vas continued here today by Dep
NV ehertffs, despite The belief oI ahi'
rsga relatives that newly his'o''
cred unsigned viii naming a"ash'e''
Margaret was a forgery.
The viii was found by oiiiffta among
M. ApulebY's private papers IN y
,,,,nts IA the garage ~ her home. II
Vas appareptIy drawn IN hiehso' hTf
former home. in 1879, ana u Mit M"
estate NOW estimated AT more MAN
rgan 400. to the laughter. Margaret
ka,ned as guardian of The daughter
In ease of Mrs. Aupiehy's death was
- ttiehafd IsetfE. Chicago attorney.
The estate WAS 10 go 10 his three ch,i
drsp In case Margaret died before her
nother. Officers said tho unsigned VIII
uroba.ly has no legal Importance.
A,1tnoritiss pointed olt mat tsetts
formerly represented Mrs. Appieby IN
several suits against some "f her reih'
lives In Ghieapn, They believed u pos
sibls she might have had n daughter
unl uamn 10 other relatives
Nuh tbs arrest If IN Charles NJ.
Mcmillan, AIRS. Appteh>'s business
manager, who now lf awaiting itiat hh
an iudlaimsni charging iIn WIN her
murder. another purpntieh VIII Nas
found In his posse ssiun, This VII, dn
eiared by the officers ~ las forgery,
left ihe entire estate 10 iha dnGtot,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-01-12
SCIENCE INSTITUTE
PLANNED FOR us.
Bring londoner Here to Start
Research Similar to
British Foundation.

NEW YORK. January 1s,~-E.Stah>
similar 10 the Royal Institute in Lon
don will be undertaken er group
Of prominent Americans IL the results
Of a survey aeca; to be conducted BY
Sir Richard 4. 8 rages NJ the Royal
Institute In n dozen LEADING cities OF
the country prove satisfactory.
This announcement Mas made IN
Sir Richard after his arrival here
from England Tuesday, While he re
fused to divulEc the names ~ those
instrumental In bringing him here, he
said FUN announcement of the pro"
posed institute would he made III the
next two months, Sir Richard Viii
visit Boston. Philsaelrhia. PITTSBURGH.
cleveland. Detroit. Chicago and Wash
ington.
The purpose az the American lns's'
tuae. he said, Will I've In advance rNys'
eesearrh throuSh the medium ~ le<'
lures and to focus attention en she
efforts to advance the caUSe ~ AT
stract kncwledge,
.rhis type ce researeh," ~ de-
clared. has eeea greatly nes teS1S3 IN
this present axe, There has e<'en stNA
much emphasis toward scientific
achievement People are more inter
-sted I'm the srplscstsea ot svse&g>,h
than In fostering The study whSSh has
hasicalN made these ape.iratssns sS>sr
sihle,
What II regarded an the truth In
natural seieaee TODAY may aet he sstse
tau.oEraw The quest ~ fua,tsNen sal
knowledge in ee far gseater tsnESAs~
lance than the majority OF versions
realize, Ii L. ef great ,n,lscFtanSe IL
establish these ORGANIZATIONS wAsea
viii tend 10 promote ami fsSses type
ot inquiry which, although il nsaS Ne,
sult in discoveries ~ 10 Immediate sh,
trinsio value. arens the Nay EG ysac-
tically all future scientific and hsi0s>
trial advancement"
The proposed institute viii make
existing scientific knewle<sse ass'gV,
readily available and will varVS Na ges
eiprucal relations With the kgNal In,
ststase, Such tatsgrhatsSe et ideas, ne
said. will hlaN an important pArt su
thu establishment NJ aney cNesUge.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-01-12
BLAcKMAiLER HELD.


DAKOTA CITY, Nebr., January IL
~ a note signed '"fte FoA" and dr.
ina ndins 90. 500 III Henry johnson. ID
farmer. under d threat " death II III.
money weFa Uet forthcoming, has Jed
10 he arrest ~ Harry stoitsss, iabpfsF.
.S4afties var arrested IN bs ssnIphn
~ mail beA In front ~ ths Johnson
home. " l9sFH Inc farmer had been III
gea4eA Ia Dlsas fbe money stofffeh
carried d shotgun. bat offered 40 re-
sistsnes Police said Etoffiss admitted
writing The note,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-01-12
/ MIDWEST OUTLOOK GOOD.


tRtiCAGN laass&sv - t<s~~l,e
rF~NSt business SasNsatS>AsAS sg>g ssstNSS
1sses &c industry IN salssaS. ssNsaAaa.
Iowa, NtSAS,tsSsa AMI ag>SeA@sa MIA
nan MHsN sessc>SsA sa rSs~@tS rs>sgSaS<sl
fur the annual aasSxlssS ~ gAe Ma
wcSS ShtrsesS' Advisory NsxssNa tS>ssN
ie>svsSsSNs raaSssNs fsSsaa i 20 IL nsr
cent were peestseted tor axet>assarAi
implements ersck and ebay px<NAsS&S.
SSAN.sSd SS'<tA eaNStN, gsatA. hAAs and
sess Der, tNnAeeS and pArsg aaa pau
aeoxeNS@ Ia gSNsa psSsaaaxtsea st As~sAs
vs. per cent Mas SassSGaAteJs,
Ae<sNt t,se@ SteNexNtesA ENes@sensissx
>Ateses,s AVID seS~iNesS ~ ss~lxAs aaa
sasss>SAa eEssSsass. w~ge here fNT tA%
nle@gtuS,