davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-08-02
WISE SAYINGS

Wisdom and knowledge are the
most powerful Of all human
things. Plato.
Every trait OF beauty may be
traced to some virtue. Az to limo
cences candor, generosity, modesty
and heroism. st. Pisss~
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-08-02
LISTEN, WORLD!

theIess. at THY
word I win let
them down the
net.
So they left
the shadows In
which they had
been wont III
fish ana they
launched . ii t
into the deep
which they had
avoided.
And w n n
they had this
done. they en-
closed q great
multitude Of fish
and their net
brake.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-08-02

Discouraged?
Ready to quit
in disgust?
s 1 t t i n 3.
beached- empty
spirited, i'd Il ~
Evening star., 1928-04-15
Those Wearisome Old Stories

There is, II seems Ia me, a sort OF
humble pathos surrounding the gentle
story teller wanting Ia get his little
anecdote in. and generally having 10
try several times Tor an opening.
lie begins among the oysters.
Speaking Of India" he says But n
wave Of general conversation washes
over him.
somewhere iii the middle OF the fish
there is lull h. the talk and again he
SAYS. Speaking Of India" Now
YOU really must have some OF that fish,
Interrupts his hostess. And burst OF
talk about fish blows his topic into
nOthingness lie tries at the roast
Speaking Of India" he says, and Il
maid dfips gravy over him
And al last. al the happy last, he gets
a real chance Speaking OF India,
he says. and then his wife breaks In
with "Ohl Jamehl"
Madam, do you think It's fair2 II
H.. 0f course, great trial fot brilliant
woman like you ~ have ta drag around
"A husband like him OF course he's a
dud You ought really to have married
either Bernard Shaw 0f Mlssolinl,
Isut you didn't. YOU just married all
ordinary plain man like the resi- ot uh,
with 40 particular aspirations 10 be a
humuFisi, or n raeonteuf ar a dlseuse,
or anything of the sort anxious Just
10 take some little part Ia the talk
about him
so next time when he begins Speak
Ing of India" won't you let us hear
what II was that happened thereP
tCopstishl i02s.l
Evening star., 1928-04-15

investigating the cost OF living, With
Wholesale and retail prices. Invests
gating clothes was more of a hitch
than one might picture at first, Then
IL mas been found necessary to aScer-
tam what the worker does for the
wages he gets. This leads TO what the
employer gets for the money he payS
an empioye. Fer II an employer Is pay
lng 10 men to get out q certain amount
OF work, all of which profits him
reasonably. and II that same employer
puts In bit OF machinery whereby
one man does the work of 10; and If
the employer goes on and doubles the
wages of the remaining employe, II
looks like 90 per cent Unemployment
with 100 per cent Increase in pay roll.
which, or course. Ii Is. hut-~~what does
the employer set out OF thiSs Ii
Wouiaht DC bad idea to read the am
nuai report put out by Mr., Stewart.
You'll learn something, not the least
important OF which viii be that there
must be ANALYSIS OF the reasons for
changes which are discovered In order
that the statistical results may not be
So II is not all statiStieS-~Some Of It
Is analysis
II was statistics which led manu-
taeturels Of fireworks containing white
or yellow phosphorus TO sign a reSolu.
tian To manufacture them no more.
The glass industry has suffered
revolution Ia the goim Of modern ap-
pllanceS which has brought had Mek
10 many blowers" aud ''hoys," Print
ina, too and several other trades, have
had idleneSs, Hut, on the other hand,
building operations" steps forward with
hope aud pay roll only 1t sounds not
~ Aood ta learn that the change IN
The character M American homes serb
ausly affects the wage eArners 0t this
Nearly "a per cent os New Work lives
N apartment houses. while Baltimore
keepa less than Z per cent of its pom
llatlon In such homes" ThiS serves 10
remind one that MARYLAND made a
canvas for the PURPOSE
II aSoeftaining the actual number Of
unemployed. Only per cent OF bread
Evening star., 1928-04-15
| eM Whose B Them CW Chd Ter Times
| That PoIxmanor rFrem- tNItkeo Oversight Ma disastrous

mistake or oversight be followed by
such disastrous consequences as In a
penal institution
EOR years we'll known penologistS
have been aware of these condi-
| tons. For years they have talked
about such a school. But it remained
| for Richard c. Patterson. jr.. commits
Sioner of correction OF New York City,
! recognizing the need before he had
been in Office week. TO organize and
actually to operate the first university
| for prison guards in this country
! With the help of Police Commissioner
Warren, who loans the Police Depart
ment instructors for part of the course
the school had got well under way
within few weeks.
On five days a week classes of 80 or
40 mature students gather on the top
floor of the Grand Central Palace to
listen TO Maj. Brewster. warden Of
prisons in the New York district. and
other competent instructors explain the
intricacies of writS and bail and finger
printing, how TO search prisoners and
the thousand and one other problems
inherent in he administration of a big
penal institution.
The prospective guard first has it
made clear to him that he is going into
work of a kind which has no parallel
in any other field. surrounded on the
one hand by young persons just start
ing on the downward path. to whom a
little sympathetic understanding and
kindly advice from those in authority
may mean the beginning of new life.
and on the other hand by the most
vicious. reSourceful and determined
I .l1n
to kill their own mothers if ii would
rebound in any way to their advantage
Then the student learns something
OF the various types Of criminal poured
by the courts into the prisons-the mo-
ronS, the cretins. the mattoids the
pSychopaths, the ldiotic. the feeble
minded, all the innumerable graduationS
OF abnormality and Subnormality. men
who act according to no known law of
reason or logic, who do the unexpected
at unexpected times, and whose pres
ence makes the life of prison guard
10 times as dangerous as that of a po-
liceman or fireman.
But theory soon gives way 10 actual
practice The instructor has Just fin
iShed explaining how TO search a pris-
oner or visitor for guns. The class
mods understandingly when the instruc-
toT asks II everything mas Deen MADE
clear. The latter presses button and
subject" comes into the room.
That man. Wen assume, is a visitor"
the instructor explains. MIR. Smith,
search him to see If he has a gun
on him
Somewhat awkwardly but with look
of confidence Mr.. Smith runs his hands
over the subjects body. He hasn't
a gum" he finally reports. At a signal
from the instructor the subject takes
off his coat. There. under his arm.
attached to strap over his shoulder,
is a revolver The class laughs. while
Mr. Smith fiushes and looks somewhat
disconnected
The trouble was you didn't make
him raise his arms" the instructor ex-
plains. IF he had been a real visitor
you probably would have had gun in
side the prison and maybe some one
Evening star., 1928-04-15

make up new stories II we could we'd
black out faces. call ourselves entertain
efs and draw a hundred dollars night
In New YORK revue.
- y
MOREOVER. listen ~ this as h Sec
Ond point An old story has GER
TAIN great advantages over d new one.
There's no strain III listening ~ IL.
you know Just when IL IL all coming,
and you can Slip in an extra oyster
aDd bite on an extra piece oi celery
D betyeen the sentences, take q drink
0t dry ginger ale and be all set for the
big laugh at the end.
And get this also If you don't have
stories st dinner table somebody viii
start statistics Any statistics are worse
than stories IN the ratio Of eight 10
one, There is, you must remember,
certain type of man who goes round
fiIIing himself up with facts. lie knows
how many miles of railway track there
are iB the United States and the num-
Def " illitFrsles hi Oklahoma. Al any
dinner party this man may be there
II he is conversation turns Into tfc~
tlFe. Worse stiIl there may be Two ~
these men. II there arc, conversation
beH1Ilss argument"
Nov, this IL the worst NJ all Argn-
msDt NJ dinner party ruins the whole
evening t0f everybody One man says
something iet us say about the Eiyil
War, and some one else eontradietA
him you u pardon me" he says, ana
! they're N They start politely IN
two minutes they are speaking win
warmth. Ia tolt minutes they hate
Evening star., 1928-04-15

one another worse than hemlock First
they ask themselves to pardon one am
other. Then they begin referring one
another 10 books Pardon me, says
one, ri you consult any history of the
war, youth see that Lincoln never meant
10 set free the slaves" Excuse me. p"
Says the other, ~ YOU consult any
biography Of Lincoln you'll SEE that he
did ."
Now you notice that this point about
Abraham Lincoln can't be settled With
out at least year, work IN library
and not even then.
SO the argument gets warmer, The
opponents refer one another 10 hooks,
then they tell one another 10 go 10
Washington and hunt II np for them
selves Finally they tell one another
10 go further than that
r.
MEANTIME there Is maid behind
iNI one Of them trying 10 give him
creamed celery out III dish which he
keeps knocking over and maid pour
Ing hot asparagus with drawn butter
over the other ones shirt front.
Az for the dinner party those two
men win carry their quarrel right on
after The men are left alone theyii
fetch II up t1 The library, they'll keep
II oil through bridge and take II hnme
with them,
Think how much softer and easier
II some one had said Talking 1i
California, reminds me- Of an episode
Ia India" How quietly the
asparagus would have circulated theni
And there IL ni0te 10 IT than that,
Evening star., 1928-04-15

present job, under "thc two Wilson's
and he has been reappointed under
Harding and Coolidge.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics. ad-
mlttedly branch of the Department of
Labor. Is older than Its parent tree.
The law which brought the bureau into
being was passed In 1884 IL was or
ganiged In 1895 as branch OF the
Department Of the Interior. 1t was
transferred TO the Department OF Com
merce and Labor In 1908. In 1918 the
Department OF Labor was established
Ethelbsrt Stewart Is Its fourth commits
sloref This means that he IL also
editor of Labor Review. OF bulletins. of
Handbook. and OF such letters" as
Congress requests. Its latest request Of
the bureau was that accurate and ALL
inclusive statistics of employment and
unemployment be had 1T frequent
intervals"
Commissioners Stewart gets his totals
ana averages by Inquiries addressed 10
l,lOO manufacturing ilrmA, employing
more than 100000 persons These
firms are In all but seven Statea, The
excepted seven cooperate with the bu-
reau by going for the information
themselves, getting II ON the bureaus
blanks.
~ one state mas o,0uU, 900 population,
100000 OF whom work In shoe fac
tories, and another State has ,O00, 900
population, 10000 Of whom work In
shoe factories, and, further, II the Iirst
State lays on 1000 workers and the
second State lays of 6.000 workers Il
wouldn't be fair To hay that the same
degree OF unemployment obtains in both
HiateA,
"a reply 10 the Senate, dated March
a. lDaH Secretary ot Labor Davis. sub.
mllling Mf, HteWarts figures says, mir,
Stewards ability and ennaecntinnanea
IN This work are thoroughly established
and recognized and his former report,
which ! submitted In August, tDal,
showing a,75a,0 900 fewer persons on the
pay rolls Of this country, proved 10 he
accurate ] therefore submit this his
present report, with absolute confidence
III Its essential accuracy"
Mr., Stewart said recently. Figures
arc cold comfort TO the man out OF
Evening star., 1928-04-15

a gun inside the walls. They are for
the tower guards only.
He is even taught prison slang, and
before he has done days work In
prison he will be able to talk glibly OF
"frisking" (searching) a prisoner, '"fan-
ming" (also searching) the cells, flying
kite" (getting letter out without
having 1t go through the office to be
inspected) and what screw" (guard)
should do when the emergency alarm
rings. He will know all about shoot
ing" (reporting) prisoners. about
"chalkers" guards who report prison.
ers frequently, about catering" Cook
ing) opium, about crashing" (break-
ing jaiD. about "doin' 1t all" "a life
term. and about kangaroo courts"
organizations of prisoners to enforce
discipline and levy tribute on new
comers) fresh fish" (new arrivals in
jaiD, and "fiotzes," SWITCHES" snakes"
rats" 'stool-pigeons. "squealers" and
"hurlers," as those who betray their
fellows are variously designated.
He will recognize prison simple"
Zone who has become queer from the
monotony of prison life) when he sees
one, and will know when he hears a
that he is referring to the New York
State prison at Auburn. He will thus
have an immense advantage over
guards who have gone into this work
without such a liberal education.
recall that when / first went into
prison work more than 20 years ago
l missed many things should have
known because I simply didn't know
what the old jailbirds were talking
about and was afraid of showing my
! ignorance by asking them. Upon one
occasion prisoner told me. in ordinary
conversation, that he had "butted a
reeler on crosstown short and reefed
his kick with harness bull at his nit. -
/ didn't know whether he was boast
ing or giving me valuable bit of in
formation. I made note of it and
found out that what he wanted 10 tell
Evening star., 1928-04-15
The Lady of the Hermitage.

so severe a case of smallpox. contract
ed ir, a British prison. that his health
was shattered. indeed was never normal
again.
without relations. lonely in a strange
land. this boy tried to make place for
himself in his adopted country. while
his grief for the loss of mother and
brothers was embittered BY a fierce
hatred for the British. the measure Of
whose cruelty to him he carried on his
brow in the deep scar of sword-cut
at the hands of an irate English officer.
For Andrew jackson. too. there was
little schooling although he had an op-
portunity to read law. He learned lit
tie. however for he wasted his time. He
later paid dearly for his neglected study
of the Law In the injury he unwittingly
did the only woman he ever loved.
At the close of the Revolution the
British government officials we're with
drawn and there was much need for
lawyers throughout the colonies so
this serious minded. hot-tempered youth
went into Tennessee and found that
he could make a good living by tssu-
ing writS of indebtedness. In this work
he needed little knowledge OF Law and
he met with marked success.
Although Jackson and another young
man lived in a two-roomed cabin on
the Doneison plantation. he came IN
contact with the vivaciouS. black-haired
beauty at the meal hours. His whole
life was SpotleSS purity this political
enemies could find no flaw therel and
his chivalry toward women goes still
unchallenged His spirit was very SEN
sitive from the repeated blows OF an
ill-dispoSed fate and he was conSs-
quently shy to the point of bashfulneSs
with the ladies.
Under these conditions. and in the
face OF the fact that Rachel was mar
ried to young RobardS. one cannot even
imagine Andrew Jackson-always de-
voted to justice-infringing upon an
others rights.
Robards soon directed his suspicious
against this homeless Scotch-Irish
youth, who upon the advice from his
cabin mate found a new boarding place.
Robards returned TO Kentucky 70 secure
a divorce from Rachel.
Kentucky was then a part of Viz
ginia and there the law required that
If divorce was to be sousf. permis-
sion to gain this freedom must be Sc
cured through application 70 the State
Legislature. This RobardS instituted
and its announcement was heralded in
the newspapers. for divorce was q rare
thing IN those pioneer days.
knowledge of this came to Jackson
who, suppcSing that Robards had gained
his divorce, began TO pay his respects TO
Rachel. whom he had come 70 sympa-
thize with and admire
Jealousy is pruverhiaily cruel. and no
doubt RobardS had hoped that what
did happen would happen. for he knew
that he had. as matters stood. no true
case against his wife Az any rate.
after he had made application TO the
State Legislature he did not for two
years follow up the privilege that had
been granted
Ignorance OF the law excuses none,
and Andrew Jackson must have re-
gFetted for the remainder Of his life
that he had neglected the study Of law
when the opportunity was his to grasp.
IN 1901 Andrew married Rachel and
they purchased a large plantation
known as Hunters Hill. some nine
miles distant from Nashville. Land was
Continued on Sixth PaSe1
Evening star., 1928-04-15

This swelled his wrists. When he
opened mis- hand again there was suf-
ficient space between the wrist and the
cuffs to enable him to pull his hand
out
Make prisoner keep his hand open
until you get the cuffs actually fastened
on" says the instructor. and the stu
dent begins to wonder just how many
tricks the criminal classes know.
This wonder grows with the progress
of the course. At times he almost de-
spairs of ever learning them all. until
he finds out that even the most sophis-
ticated guards occasionally fall for new
ones He learns that when prisoners
appear TO be unusually happy and in
dulge in much singing. talking and
laughing it may mean that they are
simply making a racket to drown out
the noise of saving. He learns that
Evening star., 1928-04-15
University for Prison Guards Trains Men for Trouble

me was that he had stolen drunken
mans pocketbook on crOsstown car
with uniformed policeman standing
right at his side.
y r 4 \
THE prospective guards at this unique
school are also receiving an inten-
sive physical training. For three hours
during the day they are at the Police
Academy going through strenuous ma
neuvers in order to harden their bodies
In addition to drills. they are taught
the rudiments of wrestling and boxing
and how to defend themselves when
suddenly attacked. They are also given
thorough course in Iiu jitsu. Some of
the applicants are huskies TO begin
with. having been longshoremen or
workers In other occupations where
strong physique Is necessity. The po-
lice sergeant in charge relates many
amusing incidents concerning the con-
tempt these men had at first for jiu
iitSu, their supreme confidence In their
own brute strength. and their sudden
realization after hard fail. purposely
given them, that a little scientific
knowledge was not to be regarded so
lightly.
The course lasts eight weeks At
present only app1cdnLS 1Or POSITIONS
and comparatively new men acting In
relief or substitute capacities are tax
ing it, but ultimately 1t will be extended
to every guard in the New York City
prison service. no matter how old or
experienced he may be. The school
Is attracting tremendous amount Of
attention from prison men all over the
United States. and already scores Of
inquiries concerning its workings have
been received.
So far. with the new men. 1t has
been an unqualified success. They sit
enthralled while the instructors unfold
before them a vista of an unknown
world. something glamorous and TO-
mantle: something for men OF spirit
and adventure. Whether the older men
will take TO it so kindly remains TO be
seen. Experienced prison men. as
rule. are rather vain concerning their
ability to cope with the WIGS under
them. They may resent going TO
school" This. in particular, Is the
phase of the experiment which will be
observed with the greatest interest by
prison men everywhere.
Evening star., 1928-04-15

convicts often endeavor TO destroy the
temper of their bars when they are
not toolproof steel by soaking yarn in
oil, tying 1t around bar and light
ipg it.
The student learns that the sick
call'' OF the prison should be carefully
watched TO see that several pals do not
arrange to get on 1t together. as this
may presage rush of some kind
which was the case at the TombS only
short time ago. He learns that a
piece of sock yarn dipped in glue. rolled
in emery powder and dried. can cut
through soft steel bars. He learns that
a seconds possession of key may en-
able prisoner to make an impression
on the soap in his cell or shop. so that
he\can fashion duplicate out of wood
at his leisure.
He learns that a "phoney" gun often
Evening star., 1928-04-15
BY LUCRETIA E. REMINGTON.

I N 1870, after voyage of 1000 miles
Col. John Donelson. with his FAM
lily and friends, settled in the fron-
i tier country of what is now Nash
vile, Tenn. They had come from
Virginia. 1t was rich land. this virgin
soil. and Donelson prospered as the ad-
venturous do who strike favorable con-
ditions. Land. cattle. horses. houses.
negroes. accumulated in his hands. and
there was nothing to fear save the hos
tility of the Indians.
During one Winter. when corn was
scarce. the Donelson household trans
terred itself to Kentucky. and while
there the daughter. Rachel married
Lewis Robards. little realizing at the
time that out of this not unusual event
were to come things Of great dramatic
moment. for this same Rachel was later
| to find place of power and influence
in the life of a man who looms larger
in our history as time turns the pages,
and that man was no less a person than
Andrew jackson. seventh President of
the United States.
Mrs. Donelson was a woman OF char
acter and courage. She had braved the
terrors of that long trek through an un-
broken wilderness The Indians op-
posed the white man at every step into
the frontier, and there were tTeacher-
Gus waters in unknown streams She
had come through undaunted.
The happy -hearted dauehter was OF
the same pattern as her mother: In
character she was built for endurance
in hardship. Rachel was comely with
the gifts of health: under a crown of
almost black hair her intensely dark
eyes Shone with light. and her cheeks
were flushed like the Wild roses bloom
ing ON her fathers plantation She
was plump as a partridge. and JOY to
the eye of the beholder She was of
course. almost without schooling a COM
mon state in those frontier days. yet
always she was alert and keen to learn
and cared to read
Whether young RobardS soon sensed
tn he had married his superior. his
tory does not record. but he developed
a .lighly perfected inferiority complex
which manifested itself as a devastat-
ing Jealousy regarding his young wife
All authorities seem agreed that the
feeling was not justified by the facts.
even his own mother attempting TO
convince him that his suspicious were
wholly unfounded
Rachel finall" returned to her mothers
home in Nashville. at the request of
her moody Young husband A little
later a reconciliation was effected, but
uISaStrouSly, FOR RooardS came 10 live
in the nome of his wife'S mother
In the meantime. young Andrew Jack
son had come into Tennessee TO try his
fortunes and had found lodgings in the
home OF RachelS mother Andrew was
tail and extremely thin, his only re-
deeming feature a pair of dark blue
eyes-beautiful eyes. fiery eyes. when
his traSctble temper was arouSed-.in a
yaunt, long face. under a mass OF red
dish hair, He was scarcely 20. but life
had robbed him long before of all his
youth.
a NDREW'S parents We're Scotch-Irish
immigrants who had settled in the
WaNhaws country in what is now North
Carolina, and his young father had died
month or SO before his DISTINGUISHED
SON was born. Friends cared for the
young widow and her three sons, all of
whom during the Revolutionary War
d'ed In the service of the colonial cause
Asn&
Evening star., 1928-04-15

winners are unable to secure empley-
ment, That does not seem :, sad
until II Is made 10 read iS.STS indiyi-
dualS responsible In turn, for az least
6{,0Qo dependents,
Industrial hygiene. workmenS CON-
penSatson. special SURVEYS. vacations
ana sick leave. apprenticeship brought
up To date, Future Investigations and
recommendations made possible and
practical by statistics add to the ScSnpe
OF the labor OF this Department oi
Labor
Primarily the Bureau Of IaAar sta
tiSticS Is tact-ttn0ing agency" An(
with l0s agents 10 dig for them. NJ
end OF blanks, most efficient clerica
force Of about 80, Ethelbert Stewar
gStherS In facts, elaSSineS them. an
gives them out 10 speak for thenSelvc