davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05

TIME public school Is fundamental
ia the American social struc~
II was born OF ideals and
nurtured by sacrifices. IL Is es~
sential to sound democracy.
Yet this same public school cannot
be taken for granted. 1t Is not static
but growing thing and It's success de-
ponds upon constant public fecognltioh
of this condition. What is Its STATUS
today and what Is the promise Tor the
future?
Pew individuals ever have had bet
ter opportunity TO survey the system
of rublic education in the United
States than the retiring Federal COM
missioner of education, DR.. John j.
Tlpert. who has just presented his res
ionation TO the Secretary Of the In
terror to become president OF the
University Of Florida DR.. Tfgert mas
been chief of the Bureau Of Education
through stirring days IN the history OF
SCHOOL systems 1t has been time OF
revolution and Of growth.
war Worked Changes.
Since the war, Or Tigert says, there
have been notable changes In most hn-
man institutions. Science has WORKED
miracles In the daily lives 0t miilioiis
of individuals All over the wofla
| thrones have been overturned ana new
governments set up. There mas neen
q far more liberal interchange OF iusas'
/ Very little has remained unaffected
| certainly not the public school system,
which must remain responsive 10 tne
| spirit Of the times TO JUSTIFY hS
/ existence,
| Much has been accomplished. AS III
TiQert prepares TO close his desk ne
| sees promising signs OF much 10 oe NC
| c0mplighed in the future But ne ~
| not blind to conditions which are iai
| from being a source Of national pride,
Where Little Prevails.
Everywhere in the field OF pubic
| education, from the kindergarten ~
| the eity glum To the great state UNI
| veraitv DR. Tiqert sees fundamental
nrobieng. But he feels thai the great
| est problem OF all remains That OF lnt
| rural school Of the type he character
lies as "a little building ON q iitLif
| plot In a little place where little
teacher With little pay who knows =
little tries a little TO teach a llttls
little things"
such a school, he says, compares
with the average city school as tlit
OK cart OF tire pioneer compares wiz
the fast automobile The oA~eart gave
notable service In It's time and place
ii was the instrument with which EN-
pires were built by means Of Thu
| slow, cumbersome means NJ transport
great men carried civilization into ti1t
! wilderness and beyond, In the same
period the 0ne-room school also was liz
. valuable The list Of celebrated Ameri
cans who were products OF these rudl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05

LIlc sea. nllSllib uppll pAiASN
ophy rather than politics.
II seems a faraway cry from the
| time Ia wears ago, when France found
herself plunged into World War-yet
| all France. as it recalls that first terri
| fylng week of conflict, remembers the
| Tiger" who was to become her war
time premier, who was to be loved,
feared praised and hated. but who
finally was to be known by every pollu
irl France as 1.-The Father Of victory
His quiet musing now is IN even more
vivid contrast with the days just
little more than 10 years ago, when the
Germans broke through at Chemm oeS
Danes and crossed the Marine to Cha"
teau-Thierry, with Paris Just 40 mleS
swav Then it was that an enraged
opposition called upon him to resign
demanded that lie Pere de la VIC
toire" relinquish his leadership of the
government. And Clemenceau replied
"One must know what one wants.
when he wants 1t he must have the
courage to say 1t and, having said 1t.
courage enough to do it. I'll sec this
war through to finish,
when He Silenced Foe.
All France remembers the crisis Of
the storm against his leadership in the
war. He had just refused the Austrian
peace overtures An irate Socialist arose
In the Chamber of Deputies and shout
ed, What are your war aims?" Walk
ing to and fro upon, the speakers
tribune like weather-beaten old skip
per pacing the bridge of his ship in
a terrific gale, the old statesman waited
for the noise TO abate. Then:
victory" he Numbered at his tor
mentors.
And 500 Deputies arose and gave him
an ovation. That one word had carried
the day.
Pere de la Victoire."
The intellectual development that was
to make possible his leadership during
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05

crossroads shacks Is so impressive that
il throws a false glamour over them.
Long since, the children of the pio-
neers have iunked the ox~carts. These
nov are museum rarities. They are
economic impossihilities Yet the OK
cart Of education still creaks along
through the rural districts, regardless
and almost disdainful Of the eight
cylinder automobiles Of education
which have been created during the past
half century,
Inequalities Persist,
Equality of opportunity" is a cher
ished American slogan Yet gross IN
equalities exist at the very roots of
opportunity elementary education.
out of 275,000 public schools in the
United States which are creating the
Americans OF the future, $4,000 are
of this one-roOm type. Their students
number 100000, one quarter of all
the public school students in the Nation,
These 100000 DR. Tigert holds, are
denied anything like equality Of educa-
tional opportunity, The sons and
daughters Of the rural population served
by such schools. he holds. are deprived
of a good start In life. True enough,
men and women IN the past have risen
/
school and they probably viii do so
again, Well. for that matter Columbus
discovered America with ships OF type
on which only IA crack-brained adven~
turer would venture to sea today.
The retiring head Of the Bureau of
Education Is not sure, IN tact, that this
sort Of school is not worse than nothing
at all He feels that the boy or girl
might get more education merely by
| living In the town and absorbing, with
| out instruction. some Of the present day
science and culture.
During his tenuge Of Office there has
| been hopeful progress IN getting ria OF
! such schools. This IL not simple
| problem, however, and there IL no pros
! pect of replacing them with up~to~date
| institutions In month or a year. The
| 10000 Of them will go slowly but M
| evitabiy The difficulties are both finan~
cial and inherent In the nature Of the
| districts
For Consolidated Schools.
| The procedure, he says, Is 10 replace
| them with consolidated schools, nan
| ding the children Of large area, ana
| providing transportation, This Is what
| the States are doing. Some have As
MANY MS 500 such institutions. which
can be put on par with even the best
city schools and at no greater eN'
peflse,
The second step h the Establishment
of the one-room school, says Dr, TigeFt
Is enlargement OF the areas OF taxation
for school purposes, In this respect
also there has been hopeful progress
The 0ne~room school was the creation
OF the farming distrlet Naturally the
weather districts would have better
achoola The poor districts would be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05
Channel Isles Cannot
Be Reached by Phone

II is impossible 30 telephone from
England 70 the Channel Isiands--Jer-
sey, Guernsey. Alderney and Sark. They
have always been In state of splendid
telephonic isolation In spite OF the fact
that telephone conversations between
other distant countries are going on
every day.
This discovery" was made by q re-
porter who had an urgent message b
convey 10 Jersey. we have no tele-
phonic communication At all with the
Channel Islands. and we never have
had explained a post once ofiictai 1T
Is possible that lines 10 Jersey and other
places may be development Of the Ia
tlre, but We have zone AZ present"
Jersey has . population Of Ao,asS sSsa
Guernsey 40,i2O.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05
''Tiger,'' Father of Victory


known, the only really happy one. The
library was we'll supplied with the best
works of all sorts. 1t was generally de-
serted. I requisitioned 1t. Secluded, far
from the tumult of the streets, In lit
tie room inaccessible TO the few visitors
that came, read the best historians
and philosophers. Days, weeks passed.
1t lasted two years. My mind acquired
there what 1t lacked; there my intellect
completed its formation It was a de-
light"
Had to Earn Living.
But hunger, which makes the wolf
come out of the woods, brought the
future Tiger out Of his literary lair. Re-
mittances from his father had stopped
and the young man must earn his own
living. So he sought and obtained a
position as a professor Of French in a
school for young ladies at Stamford,
Conn. An accomplished horseman, the
French professor was wont to accom-
nany the young American girls in their
dailv rides. Romantic and happy caval-
cades. charming excursions in the
beautiful Connecticut country; there
Clemenceau met his fate. He became
engaged 10 Miss Mary Plummer OF Bos-
ton. She is the mother of his three
children.
The young doctor returned to France
in 1869. A year later there was war,
famine. the horrors of the siege, soon
followed by the tragedy of the Com
mune. Medicine lost an adept, but as
Mayor of Montemartre. Clemenceau be-
gan a career in politics which but for a
few years interruption, from 1893 TO
1902. lasted for half century. Com
menced during great war, it is fitting
that 1t should have been brought to a
close by the greatest war of all times.
Wrecker Of Cabinets.
Most of Clenenceau's political activi-
lies were spent in the opposition. He is
known as the wrecker of cabinets. He
is held to be responsible for the down.
fall of more premiers than any other
politician alive. 1t was not until 1906
that he became president of the cabinet
himself. II am an old dehutante, he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05

Tire preponderance Of trade with the
British Empire is outstanding, being
more than i've times larger than with
any other country trading with the
United States The doninions aud
eoionies are Jumped IN, giving the
British Empire total Just as the pos~
SESSIONS and proteetorates Of France,
ff.e Netherlands and other colonial
uoyers are Jumped. Nations doing less
flsan SIS 600 900 annual trade with the
tinted states are not listed, but their
egmmerce cannot be considered utilrn-
-,ortant because some 81 them have
great potentialitieS.
BESIDES the foregoing foreign tfads
she United States had commerce witt
is territories Hawaii, Porto Rico
Alaska. Virgin Islands. Samoa ane
S5IaIr1~-totaling &t63 ,40l ,96e, mani
testify a considerable factor In oui
PROSPERITY. not To mention the 1886,
s0s 5s4 trade with the Philippines.
THE full extent Of commercial fela
4ions with foreign countries cannot b
treasured, however. In terms OF nef
ehsndtse exports and imports. w
fas,led AZ sos 600 900 10 other couairie
e. 1927, much Of which was spent u
ine unlte0 STATES. and the Interest o.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05
Br WILLIAM RUFUS SCOTT.

- oREIGN trade now has such
vital relation to prosperity and
L employment in the United
4 states that II it we're cut on IN
any important item thousands
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05
Balance ....... .s6sO.427-5si

In other words. we sold $3.50, ar. SCI
more goods than we bought IN the
wears transactions. That has much to
do with prosperity and employment.
BY grand divisions the total OF our
trade was distributed in this way:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

T~HE public school Is fundamental
/ In the American social struc~
flira
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05
FOREIGN TRADE OF u. S.
ENHANCES PROSPERITY
Millions Would Be Idle if Commerce
HaIted-Diplomacy's Part in Fur
thering American Interests

which. amounting probably to $500 600
600 annually, will return to stimulate
industry.
Some of the principal items we sold
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-05
BY THEODORE THOMAS.

w ITHDRAWN from public life.
n Georges Clemenceau is living
NN quietly in a little house by
the sea. muSing upon philos-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-23

THE FEDERAL RUBBER 90.
FIDELITY TIRE & nuBBFR 60.
EIREsTONT TIRE a. RUBBER 90.
TuE FISK RUBBER COMPANY, INC.
q. & J. TIRE 90.
THE GENERAL TIRE Il RUBBER 90.
THE GIANT TIRE A. RuBEEn co,
THE Il. 4. GOODRICH COMPANY
TnE GOODYEAR TIRE Il RUBBER 90
HAMILTON RUBBER MrG. COMPANY
HARTFORD RUBBER WORKS 60.
noon RUBBER COMPANY
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-23

AJAX RUBBER COMPANY, INC.
THE BADGER RUBBER WORKS
THE BRUNSWICK TIRE CORP.
THE COLUMBUS TIRE & RUBBER co.
THE COOPER CORPORATION
CORDUROY TIRE COMPANY or MICHIGAN
THE DENMAN CORD TIRE co.
THE DIAMOND RUBBER co, INC.
DUNLOP TIRE & RUBBER co.
THE FALLS RUBBER COMPANY, INC.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-23

INDIA TiRE & RUBBER COMPANY
KEIL1- SPRINGFIELD TIRE COMPANY
LAMBERT TIRE Il RUnRER 90.
LEE TIRE a RUBBER 60.
LEyIAIuAN TIRE Il RuBnER co.
THE Nj. & M. MUG. co.
TnE MANSF1EID TIRE & RuRBEK 90.
MARATHON RUBBER co, INC.
McCLAKEN RUBBER 90.
MCunl1N TIRE COMPANY
TuT MlIiIR RUBBER COMPANY
tn MOHAWK RuGBER COMPANY
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-23

MONARCH. THE HARTyHLE RUBRER co
MURRAY RUBBER COMPANY
THE NORTHERN RUBBER COMPANY
THE NoRwALK TIRE & RUBBER co.
oVERAtAN CUSHION TIRE co. INC.
RACINE RUBBER COMPANY
REVERE RUBBER co.
SAMSON TIRE RUBBER CORR.
TiiE SEInERLINC RUBBER COMPANY
STANDARD FOUR TIRE COMPANY
UNITED STATES RUBBER COMPANY
Il kuEbER INSTITUTE. Incorporated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-23

% hm million dollars dhyd with
Mhf9 VdnuynW
SCUM ran cotton Evryuer emapm rally hcpnesam
down tire Ave Am Hc Mhuscnt miwm tie hnrdhe
d vart.c nsourhm eoh hr-M
an ca u kkh t rbe she
the ans srauuy hrr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-23

ME tire industry has taken great steps forward in the
past decade.
Tire quality has been improved mmeasurably; tire prices
have been reduced to the lowest levels in history.
And the industry has taken another great forward step
The manufacturers of $50 of the tires in the
States guarantee bearing their numbers
against defects for the life of the tires.
What improvement this the old days of the
out-worn "dehnite mileage guarantee
The of the mileage guarantee an end when
realized that good tires made of rubber and
not printed promises.
They discovered that "there miles bottle of ink"
They you put mileage into tires by written
be built in. No mileage guarantee will hold
the tread the but craftsmanship does that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-23
A-HIS broad warranty against tire defects un-
limited as to mileage or time, Isl most constuc-
tive guarantee of service ever offered the public

Tv~ Director General, THE RUBBER INSTITUTE Isc
They dco0ered that mileage guarantee will tougher the
rubber strengthen the cord-ony the knowhow of
experienced tire builders does that.
1hey disco0d that mileage guarantee will extend the life
of tire to its utmost caPac:only good driving and for
your tires does that.
On the other hand found that the definite
mileage guarantee had these alings-
benefited the driver who msuscd his miaepe-
scnted his mileage, the of the
who did abuse his tires, and who stating
mileage honest in admitting he not mileage
premium upon needless driving removing
- atty for travelling with line
7 ls cost buried expense that bore the of the
- tires without adding any commensurate value
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-21

movements. 1t is essential for the
workers in the suppressed colonial
and sen1i-colonial countries to forge
organizational bonds of unity with the
workers in the imperialist countries,
for mutual assistance which includes
support to the struggle for national
independence.
Of extreme Importance is the CO.
ordination of strike movements-par-
ticularly in the transport industry
and the organization of mutual sup
port, also the struggle for the uni
versal eight-hour day.
The movement for International
unity of the trade union movement
must be strengthened, especially now
when the world movement remains in
such divided condition.
All those and other matters should
be discussed at a Pan-Pacific Trade
Union Congress, and definite policies
SHOULD be determined upon.
That a fully representative Pan
Pacific Trade Union Congress is nee
>essary was fully realized by the con-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-21
The Red Army
Fights Reaction

THE Red Army triumphed over the
l foes of the working class in spite
of the numerical superiority of the
latter, in spite Of tremendous ma
terial difficulties in the situation Of
the Soviet Republic which was then
severed from the rest of the world
by the imperialist blockade.
There was time in 1919 when only
a few gubernias around Moscow re-
manned, out of the whole Of the vast
territory Of Soviet Russia.
General Yudenitch was within 80
kilometers of Petrograd. The hordes
of General Denikin were approaching
lula, the centre Of the war indus
tries located within few hours
journey from Moscow. Admiral Kol-
chalk, armed to his teeth by the for
eign imperialists, was advancing from
the east. The Polish troops were
threatening from the west.
Nevertheless, at the most trying
moments, the Red Army constantly
gathered fresh forces, and the coun-
ter-revolutionary generals were soon
brought into the position where their
only thought was of making good their
escape aboard foreign warships.
The Red Army won the victory by
its class-consciousness, by the clear
view it had of the aims of the strug-
gle. The workers and peasants who
constitute the soldiers in the Red
Army realized that they had before
them the relentless class enemy,
whatever the pseudo-democratic dis
guises under which he paraded with
the support of the Mensheviks and
the Observation-Disclosures
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-21
Young Workers
Rap Militarisrn

The following letter reproduced in
part, has been received from Herb
crit Fam, Executive Secretary Of
the Young Workers (Communist)
League:
"Editor DAILY WORKER
"In the report of the election de-
mands Of the Young Workers League
published in the DAILY WORKER Of
March Id, there is an error which
we would like you to correct.
"Under the sub-head, Vacation
with Pay" there is a sentence which
gives the impression that the Young
Workers League is of the opinion that
young workers who attend the Cit
izen's Military Training Camps re-
ceive four weeks vacation with pay.
The Young Workers League is the
most consistent fighter against the
Citizens Training Camps, and is at
present carrying on a campaign
against them, as we have done ever
since they were established. The
slogan of free vacation, by which
the camps tried to inveigle the young
workers into them, is fake slogan
end the only purpose of the camps
is to breed militarism and to pre-
pare for capitalist wars.
an the same paragraph the i'm
preston is created that the League
favors the present system of voca-
tional training. This is not correct.
The League is against the present
method of vocational training, and
has continually exposed it as being
only blind with which to create
illusions that young workers are en-
abled to obtain some industrial train
ing"
eve favor the institution of work
schools modelled after the work
schools Of the Soviet Union. These
schools TO be attached to factories,
and productive work to be carried on
within them. Young workers to re-
ceive full pay while attending them"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-21

ference held at Hankow in May, 1927.
That conference was not fully rep
resentative because of the tyrannous
action Of governments who prevented
delegates from attending; it therefore
decided that congress of Pacific
workers must be called within two
years. ~
In accordance with instruco0fatjh, r.,
Pan-Pacific Trade Union Secretafiat
will convene congress to be held in
Australia in March, 1929.
The Australian workers are entitled
to the privilege of having the con-
gress held in Australia because they
are the originators of this great
movement, furthermore, at the last
All-Australian Trade Union CONFESS
held in May, 1927, a resolution was
adopted expressing a desire that the
congress be held in Australia. More
over, the congress will help in the
task of graduating racial prejudices
which are held by a section of Austria
liam workers.
The secretary of the PPTUS is
hereby instructed to notify the affili-
ated organizations that such con-
gress will be held in Australia during
March, 1929, and to invite them to
submit items for the agenda.
1t shall be the duty of our Austria
liam section to Immediately consider
whatever difficulties there may be in
holding such congress and to carry on
an intensive campaign to liquidate
them.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-21
Working Women in England in 1927

understanding of the class struggle
and the necessity to fight, and also
how strong is their feeling of COM
radeship with the working women of
the Soviet Union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-21
Pacific Labor Meet to Fight War Danger

In some countries, i. e., China,
Korea, Java, Formosa and Japan, the
Organization of the workers presents
a stupendous task on account of the
inhuman suppressive methods used
by the governments and their hire
lings. International action is re-
Iquired to win the most elementary
legal rights for the workers, not to
speak of social legislation and other
achievements long established in the
countries of higher industrial devel-
opment.
Trade Unions in Lead.
The efforts of workers in colonial
and semi-colonial lands to better their
conditions has shown them the neces-
sity of overcoming the foreign i'm
perialist forces which are allied with
and support the native exploiters and
reaction. With the rise of the labor
movement the struggle for national
liberation has become a part of the
struggle for improvement of the
workers living standards. The trade
unions have thus become the leaders
in the rising national revolutionary
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-21

understanding of the class struggle
and the necessity to fight, and also
how strong is their feeling of COM
radeship with the working women of
the Soviet Union.
Fight Anti-Labor Bill.
This is also shown in the part that
women have taken in the fight
against the trade union bill. This bill,
which was made law last year, re-
stricts the rights of workers to strike,
makes a general strike illegal and
puts great difficulties in the way of
paying the affiliation fees to the La
Dor Party.
In the campaign carried on by the
Communist Party against this bill the
women took a very active part. In
all the chief centers delegate meetings
were held which were well attended
by delegates from various working
women's organizations, including the
trade unions, and factory workers. AT
these meetings, the women supported
strongly the lead given by the Party
for the calling Of general strike
against the bill.
The fight still continues, not mere
I ~ Of the workers against the capt.
talists, but against their leaders who
at every turn betray them.
Textile Struggle RACES.
At the present moment there is
a struggle going on in the WOODEN
textile industry, where the majority
of the workers are women. Wage cuts
and longer hours are demanded, and
the trade union leaders, though forced
by the spirit Of the workers to make
show of fighting, are working to
defeat the workers by their attempts
to split the ranks. In 1928, the fight
will still go on, and the working wom-
EN- politically awakened through their
daily struggles and the struggles of
the working class as whole will turn
more and more to the Communist
Party and the Communist Interna-
tional as the leaders Of the prole-
tartan revolution.