Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-19
BACKGROUND OF EVENTS
BY PAUL Y. COLLINS.

ened war unless Germany were given
as much voice in the fate OF that
country as France had. England,
thereupon to avoid war, made a bar
gain with France, and withdrew en-
tirely from the mess she had initiated
leaving France and Spain to carry on,
still the Moroccans were not consulted
as 10 how much Of foreign interven-
ton she needed The Sultan could not
defend his country from the Riff rebels,
but neither could he from the foreign
powers In England's bargain with
France France agreed to give England
full swing in Egypt in return for
Frances liberty to do what she liked
Moroccans were not consulted: the i'm
perialistic powers we're bent upon their
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT That was just
10 years before the world War was
begun and defended so that even small
nations might have independence guar
anteed.
Four years later, at the advice OF
$1,000, set out on an expedition to
reconquer the southern capital, Mar
rakesh. but he was defeated, and upon
flight barely escaped with his life. He
then abdicated In favor of his brother.
Mulai And, who strove four years to
restore order to his country, until in
1912 ne gave up and acknowledged
protectorate OF France. SO ended Mo-
rocco's centuries OF independence. In
all the treaties--lb04 with England,
1911 with Germany and 1912 with
Frarce-all OF Morocco was included,
except the city and environs of Tangier.
and In all cases the status of Tangier
was left TO be determined by later
negotiations.
Also, in the French proteetorate
treaty the Spanish section was recog-
nized, so that Morocco became divided
between Spain and France, yet main
tanned semblance of its own gov
eminent, subject to the dictation and
direction of the Spanish and French
resident general-except as TO Tangier.
spain has no shadow OF Moroccan con.
sent TO Spanish presence In Morocco,
all her claim is based upon her treaty
with France. by which ii was recognized
Thy France) that Spain should main
tain order in what Is known as the
Spanish zone
A parallel case Of acquiring rights
from parties who never had them to
dispose OF was described recently in the
daily press OF America In the story of
how two men sold the Atlantic Ocean to
an unsophisticated man living inland IN
pennsylvania. The purchaser paid $3B4
Tor all the ocean, and was assured that
the flsh alone were worth more than the
sale price.
So Spain bought" the right to gov
ern part OF Morocco--~and the right to
sacrifice her sons by the many thou.
sand, IN one of the bloodiest wars In
SPANS bloody history
The cost OF the Moroccan war to
Spain alone in three years, l930.23,
was more than $2i5.000, 900, besides q
coup d'etat overturning the goven.
rilent OF Spain mot including the King
and making Primo de Rivera dictator,
In 1924 In an order to rally the
spirit OF the defeated Spanish army.
Gen, Primo de Rivera used this
language.
"A new trail of Spanish blood marks
the track OF civilization. =
There Is still work to be done, to dom
mate the hearths OF rebellion that have
treachorously been lit behind our lines
while you have been away fighting"
He referred TO the unrest back in
Spain, due to the sacrifice Of Spanish
men at the front
Then France took up the fiaht and
also suffered terribly. although better
prepared than Spain TO bring downfall
10 the native forces, On October l.,
1925. NJ, palnieve made a statement of
the cost Of the French campaign 4a,-
100000 The number OF troops en-
nlnyed was iAB 900 and the losscs aiT6
killed and e.2p5 wounded, A later re-