Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-12
Continued from First Page }

France and the United States for per
petual friendship" This draft proposed
that the two nations renouncc forever
war as an instrument of their national
policy toward each other
Suggests World Pact.
The State Department and Secretary
Kellogg considered the proposal seri-
ously. and in December replied to the
premier of France that the United
States Government looked with entire
approval on the plan to renounce war.
but suggested that 1t would be far bet
ter, instead of a treaty merely involving
the United States and France. to draft
a treaty to which the great powers Of
the world might adhere at the same
time In the end the American idea
Of multilateral treaty has been
adopted.
Secretary Kellogg is to sail from New
York for France, August l8, on the lie
de France. He plans to return to the
United States, sailing from CherbOurg
on the Leviathan September 4. He goes
to Paris for the express purpose of sign
ing for this government the treaty re-
nouncing war There he will meet NJ.
BRAND Sir Austen Chamberlain. foreign
minister Of Great Britain and the pre-
mers of the other nations Signatory to
the treaty. The actual day and hour
for the signing Of the treaty by these
representatives of their respective gov
ernmcnts has not been determined, but
ii Will fall. 1t Is expected in the last
week in August and probably the Palace
Of Versailles will be the scene Of the
historic meeting unless it should be
determined to have 1t in the French
Foreign Office.
Nations Joining Hands.
The nations which have already
signined their desire to adhere to this
treaty arc the United States. France
Belgium, C2cchoslovakia. Great Britain
Germany Italy japan and Poland For
Great Britain the six great subdivisions
Of the empire will sign also, Canada.
Australia New Zealand. South Africa
the Irish Free State and India This list
includes the signatories to the Locarno
treaties and all Of the nations except
the United States are members Of the
League of Nations
The evolution Of the multilateral
treaty from the biateral treaty orig
inally proposed to the United States by
France i; I real achievement for Secrc-
tary Kellogg and the State Department
of this country II was not accomplish
cd without the use Of tact and con-
siderable logic When NJ BRAND first
/ handed his proposal for a treaty be-
tween France and the United States.
declaring perpetual friendship and re-
nouncing war 1t was clear that &C
ceptance on the part Of this country
would be interpreted by some Of the
foreign powers as measure Of alliance
between the two countries II was
equally clear that the United States
could scarcely afford to turn down
such friendly gesture on the part Of
France, particularly in view of the
leadership which this country has
taken in recent years In the cndeavor
10 do away with war and tn bring about
peace throughout the world
Real Stroke of Diplomacy.
Secretary Kcllogc's reply therefore.
suggesting that the other great powers
Of the world be asked to take part In
the same treaty renouncing war with
France and the United States was a
real stroke Of diplomacy 1t put the
matter before France in an entirely
different light The first reply Of the
French premier was a suggestion that
the United States and France Join In a
treaty and after that had been accom-
plished. for them 10 go hand IN hand
to the other nations and ask them to
draft similar treaties But this was not
satisfactory to the United States
France also raised tho question whether
under its obligations as member Of
the League of Nations, and as a signer
Of the Locarno treaties, 1t could enter
into such q muitilatcral treaty for the
remuneration of war. Tn this last ques-
ton Secretary Kellogg very adroitly
ana correctly replied ne saw no reason
why those obligations Of the French Re-
public would be any different from the
League of Nations and the Locarno
group under a bilateral treaty than
under a mululateral treaty
There are discussions too. regarding
the advisablity Of inserting in the
treaty a definite statement that 'ag-
ereSsive" wars should be renounced
Secretary Kellogg, very properly, took
the attitude however. that 1t would be
difficult In the extreme TO reach a
definition Of aggressive war or collater-
ally defensive war. to which all the ma
tionS would agree II stood out Stouty
for the simpler language embodied in
the American draft of the treaty. He
took the position that It would be a
keen disappointment TO mtn and
women all over the world interested in
peace and the remuneration Of war If
the governments Of the great powers
should publicly acknowledge they could
only deal with this ideal OF world peace
in a technical spirit and must insist
upon the adoption OF reservations i'm
pairing If not utterly destroying the
true significance OF their common en-
beavers
Can Still Defend Selves.
There is nothing In the treaty as 1t
is now to be signed, which pledge any
nation not to defend Itself. il attacked
There is no restriction on the right Of
self defense. In his correspondence
with other nations, Secretary Kellogg
has stressed this point, saying
The right Of self-defensc IS inherent
In every sovereign state and Is implicit