davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

in our modest, religious and home
loving grandmothers and our captains
Of industry of the last generation-and
many generations before that.
y X x x
AS we cast a reminiscent eye back
over the pageant of history, several
scenes flash on our memory: Roman
matrons leaning over marble balconies
in order not to miss the groans of dying
gladiators; French matrons grinly
knitting while the guillotine rises and
falls; Spanish matrons laughing at the
death agonies of a bull. Or, on the
other side Of the picture: Lybian youth
sleeping on rose leaves; English gentle
men tricked out in silks and curls ana
perfumed laces; American gentlemen
starving at jamestown rather than
work.
All these pictures reflect personality
traits which have always been inherent
in human beings. 1t merely requires
circumstances to bring them out into
the light of day, to stimulate their de-
velopment and their frank expression.
Every age has had its potential Boadi-
ceas, Molly Pitchers and even its
bobbed-haired bandits Human nature
does not suddenly about face in one
generation-or even in many genera
tons.
It used to be imagined that straight
line could be drawn between the sexes
and that it could be said: Everything
on this side Is masculine; everything on
that Is feminine" Not only Physical
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

characteristics have been thought to be
typical of one sex or the other; mental
and emotional qualities also have for
merly been filed and indexed as
manly" or "womanly." The individual
who has happened to possess qualities,
or longed for forms of expression re-
garded as belonging to the other sex,
has usually been looked upon askance
by the herd, and If he wished to keep
public respect has been obliged either
to Stifle or to conceal his leanings.
In days when it was considered
braZen for females" to bare their souls
in print, one able woman felt it neces-
sary to camouflage her sex under the
nom de plume of George Eliot, another
under that of George Sand. Men of
former eras have felt compelled to
prove their maSculinity by boards,
forced quarrels, tremendous oaths and
strong liquors.
Today science knows that everybody
is, both physically and psychologically,
bi-sexual, and that the proportions in
which the So-called characteristics OF
each sex are blended vary in every In
civioual Sometimes it is SO evenly bal
anced that 1t is almost impossible to
determine to what sex a person be-
longs. We have and have always had,
women with a large per cent OF So
called masculine attributes, and men
with high degree of so-called femi-
nine qualities. A generation ago such
people had to stifle one side of their
nature. Today the greater liberty of
thought, the greater tolerance Of pub.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

thunderous- voiced, banging, re-
mOrSeless industrial kings"
Men of thinking. bookish inclinations
pared with the doors, the extroverts.
From this angle of vision a Jenner.
who worked out vaccination to protect
the human race from smallpox and
saved the lives of millions of people, is
not to be compared with a Hill, who
builds tranScontinental railroad; an
EinStein, who changes the whole method
of thinking of his generation, shows up
weakly beside a Morgan, who negotiateS
huge international loans.
The error here is a common one. No
person is all extrovert or introvert.
Every one has qualities belonging to
both types. Every one is blend.
usually with one group of qualities or
the other predominating. Human
thinking, feeling and acting are de-
pendent on the existence Of this COM
bination. When the combination Is
balanced We have our greatest types OF
personality. 1t is absurd to imply that
all predominantly introverted indi-
viduals are weak and effeminate and
all conspicuouSly eXtroverted individuals
are virile and masculine.
Moreover. events teach us again and
again that many So-called soft men will
rise magnificeptly to the occasion and
exhibit all the virile qualities of cave
men when hard pressed by circum-
stances or fired by enthusiasm. proving
that men have not really lost their
hardness and strength but that often
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14
Expert Denies Basic Change in Vanishing Sex Ii

1t is simply lying dormant In them until
necessity calls 1t forth.
X 4
THIS is strikingly illustrated by tn
i life Of Sir Harry Johnston. author
Of "The Gay-Dombeys," Mrs. Warren's
Daughters" and many other books. An
artist, writer and at one time an
invalid. with voice so high and femi-
nine that strangers to whom he spoke
over the telephone answered Eyes,
ma am" he was certainly not Mr.
Fr0derick'S picture of a real male. Yet
he beacme interested in the far
flung corners of EnglandS empire and
lived life packed with thrills and
adventure among the savage and hostile
tribes Of Africa. At one time he had
the -four leaders OF native revolt, who
had maSsacred many of the white popu-
lation, brought before him. -ening his
followers to stand them in line. he shot
them. calmly, one after another.
But endless Illustrations of this kind
might be cited. Poets, painters, must
clans and other presumably soft men
have been found in the forefront of
almost every bloody revolution. The
Irish Easter rebellion was led by a
group Of poets. Byron was the most
conspicuous English fighting champion
Of Greek independence. Rupert Brooke,
Joyce Kilmer and many of their
brothers In spirit played valiant part
in the great war. When the hour for
Poland'S freedom struck the call was
answered by a long-haired musician,
the gentle, delicate, sensitive, high
strung Paderewski.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

when she was supposed to stay in the
home and do the cooking and the wash
ing and the sewing while her master
was about, engaged in various adven-
turous pursuits. Such standard for
Judging women and their place and
work in the world Is not broad, i'm
partial or scientific; it is simply mascu-
line.
Man has no more right to determine
what is and what is not Woman'S work
than she has to determine what is right
for him. The absurdity of trying to
do so in any scientific discussion be-
comes evident when we realize how often
even mans idea of what kinds of &C
Invites are appropriate to the sexes has
changed. For instance. among many
people agriculture has been and still is
regarded as Woman'S work; but no SUM-
tanned, brawny- ARMED American far
mer feels effeminate when he pitches
hay or handles the ploW Changing
conditions produce changing ideals.
X X **
MUCH Of the confusion in public
Ava thinking on the question of mascu-
line and feminine characteristics rises
from the common tendency to regard
the introverted type of mind as essen
TALLY feminine, the extroverted type of
mind as essentially masculine. Mr. Fred
erick falls into this error, because he
deplores the introverted tendencies of
the modern male and holds up as an
example of masculine virility the eXtro-
YeEted American giants Of industry. the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

lie opinion permit men and women to
express their full personalities without
being set apart by their fellows as I'M
true to their sex.
Not only is this freedom of expression
permitted; economic conditions have
made 1t almost compulsory.
THOSE people, therefore, who decry
woman's new freedom from various
restrictions, and mans new freedom
from the necessity for hard physical
labor and discomfort, must not blame
human nature. but modern conditions
Of living. Psychologically, we have no
reason for believing that woman
needs to renounce her sex because she
has become self-supporting and indie
pendent of the male; or that a man
has to renounce his virility because
money is easy to make and because
he lives in a steam-heated apartment.
Mr.. Frederick complains that in this
modern industrial age much OF what
was formerly woman's work has been
taken over by men; that men in big
establishments do much of our washing.
food preparation, sewing and scullery.
This he feels, is degrading to the male,
and he winds uc his paragraph by say
ing: AN outstanding savage in any
aboriginal quarter of the globe would
commit suicide before he would descend
to do such squaw work"
This point of view belongs to the past
century. when ours was a manmade
world; when woman was standardized
IN accordance with mans ideals for heri
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14
VIOLA GENTRY.

Finally we concluded that the future
of, aviation did not lie in exhibition
stunts, so we began to commercialize
our work"
During the Mississippi floods, when
the towns in her neighborhood were
under from to 20 feet of water, Mrs
Omlie did some expert flying In this
emergency she had to make use of
all the tricks she knew to carry medi-
cine for the sick, nurses to direct SAN
itation and food and mail for the peo-
pie marooned in their homes by water.
The Red Cross accorded her the high
est praise. She was the first woman to
obtain transport license, which per-
mits a pilot to carry passengers or
freight for pay.
THE only other woman to hold
transport license is a New York
society girl, Ruth Nichols, the daughter
of retired broker of Rye, N. Y. Her
enthusiasm for flying was SO compelling
that when she was still a student at
Wellesley she dropped out of college for
year for the purpose of learning to fly.
She took her first lessons in seaplanes
back in. 1922, when students were
taught in old Army training planes.
In those days strange things that could
neither be predicted nor avoided hap
pened to young aviators. Early in her
career she invited another girl to take
trip in a seaplane over Lake George.
The weather was lovely when their
5eagull took off, but before they reached
the other end of the lake a sudden,
violent storm arose. The engine began
IN 1ar jSNap
tive
"On account of the wind I had to
turn the ship around before I could
make the landing" said Miss Nichols,
but at that particular point the lake
was so narrow that I had to take the
seaplane up over the top of the noun
tains hoping all the time that the gusts
wouldn't blow us into a tree. Even
tually we landed back on the lake
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

if you want to make an expert aviator
begin in childhood.
Flying lessons are SO expensive
that most working girls believe they
cannot afford them. But Viola Gentry,
whose home address is Martinsville,
Va, determined that lack of money
would not handicap her. She was born
on the Pacific Coast, spent some time
in the South. and took her first ride at
ST. Augustine, Fla, back in 1911. 1t
cost her $25 and a spanking. Eight
years later, when she was living in
San Francisco, she again became in
terested in flying, but it was not until
she went to New York that her ambi-
ton to learn to fly really cryStallized.
When it did she got job as cashier
in a modest restaurant on lower Fifth
Avenue. The pay was not large, but
the manager was broadminded as to the
hours and hobbies of his employees. Each
week part Of her money went into a
fund for lessons. While she was still
a student she undertook an extremely
hazardous stunt. Although her plane
had dual controls and an instructor sat
by her side ready for emergencies, she
earned the credit of being the first
woman to fly under Brooklyn and Man
license, and she continues to fly, but
only for pleasure.
Phoebe Fairgrave Omlie of Memphis,
Tenn, is probably Americas foremost
woman pilot. Although she is only 26
years of age, she has been flying for
almost eight years and has made a
thorough study of aviation. This year
she was the first and only woman to
pilot plane in the 6000-mile national
air tour for the Ford Trophy She and
her husband, Capt. v. C. Omlie, are off,
Gals in commercial airway travel line,
with headquarters in Memphis. When
outlining her flying career she said:
II entered the flying game as a para
chute jumper and wing walker in st.
Paul in 1920. I then learned to fly
for the fun and money I might derive
from it. Then I married Capt. Omlie
xxfnn hoI b-oav1 Yacty
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

Marjorie "for fear she would hurt her.
SELF However, the family provided
Marjorie with funds. and with her hair
down her back, she set out for the
Wright school in Ohio.
Miss Stinson's diary, kept during her
student days, is most amusing. On June
25, 1914, she made this entry: Arrived
safely in Dayton, established myself at
the Algonquin Hotel, called at the
Wright factory in town. Gosh! In spite
of my longest skirt they had the nerve
to ask whether was 18 yet, and had
to admit that I wasn't, and in conSe-
quence of my infancy had to wire home
for permission to learn to fly"
1t appears that when she was not &C
tually in the air she amused herself by
flying kites, reading Shakespeare, and
on Sunday, when no lessons were given
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14
Washing-

furs and minerals over the waste miles
from the bleak interior to the ports.
Martha Helen Croninger of Fort
Thomas, KY, at one time in her
career was school teacher. But
she became so imbued with the desire
to fly that her father met the heavy
cost of advanced courses in aviation.
She made her first solo flight after 10
hours IN the air. To date she has had
three forced landings without miShap.
She intends to go into commercial fly
ing, and is exceptionally sanguine about
women's place in aviation.
In this group one might include Louise
McPhetridge of San Francisco, Calf.
She is only % years old. but she seems
to be one of those women who are par
ticularly adapted to commercial flying.
She is said to be the only woman man
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14
(R6A)

without even ripping the bottom out
of the boat"
Last Winter Miss Nichols made
flight from New York to Mi
ami in seaplane in company with
two men as co-pilots, and she has been
identified for a number of years with
commercial aviation. For time she
was employed as flying salesgirl" by
a company manufacturing airplanes
and is now co-manager of an organiza-
ton fostering aviation country clubs.
X X X
THE dean of all modern aviatrices is
Marjorie Stinson of Washington
She is a member of the Stinson family,
famous in flying history, and she has
held a license since 1914. Even at that
time her older sister, Katherine, was a
seasoned pilot, but she refused to teach
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

at the school, regularly attending the
Sunday school nearest the field and rid
ing ponies. Hard to catch them" she
commented tersely. Her cryptic remarks
indicate that she obtained license aft
err four and one-half hours of in
struction.
Another woman who evidently found
inspiration in her brothers devotion to
flying is Marvel CroSson, the sister of
Joe Crosson, long identified with the de-
velopment of aviation in the Arctic.
Last year she joined him in Fairbanks
City, the center of frigid Alaska, where
planes are mounted on skis for seven
months of the year. AS Miss Crosson
holds limited commercial pilots license
she is qualified to fly the freight planes
on the Alaskan routes and experience
the thrill of carrying valuable cargoes of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14
BY WILLIAM A. WHITE NJ ID.
Former President American PSychidtric Association
Director ST. EHzdbethS Hospital.

RE becoming hard and men soft?
Are the that most people describe as
n cune" feminine" switching around, that
breeding race of masculine women and feminine men
These questions today They
are asked answered in the Affirmative with wealth OF
supporting poofby George FREDERICK IN
article nave
the competition become
porting have to certain degree accepted the single standard OF
morality drink athletics result
boiled.
young the other hand living of wealth
of their
1nascuny therefore becoming SOFT actually
efete.
according alarmist,
TO be undergoing radical change.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

When we do this, we see that the
qualities of which we complain in the
young people of today have not been
brought about recently. They have ex-
listed all along throughout the ages.
Modern life has simply given them an
opportunity for expression. The incli-
nations of the hard-boiled fiapper and
the effeminate youth both were present
khut very much concealed To Be sure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14
BY HENRIETTA GEE.

w yak up a city street, look in
n the show windows Of ex-
Nv elusive shops and you will
see among the sports APP
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

We who are in the business of study
ing human beings learned a long time
ago that it is impossible to get the right
perspective on any human problem by
simply studying it at any one given
time. We have to look at the whole
sweep of events over considerable du-
ration so that we can see the origin Of
what is happening and the direction m
which il IS tending. ..4
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-10-08
SHOE WORKERS TO
HOLD MASS MEET
To Launch Big Drive
for Unionization

In an appeal to the workers in
the shoe industry to put an end to
the miserable conditions under
which they are forced to work be-
cause they are almost totally un-
organized, by building union of
their own, the Independent Shoe
Workers Union of Greater New
York and vicinity call them to a
mass meeting Thursday evening in
Lorraine Hall, 100 Broadway, Brook
lyn, at o'clock.
The union issued the appeal from
its office at 81 East 10th St., and
adds in an announcement, that there
will be speakers in English, Italian
and other languages at the mass
meeting. Individual workers, hear
ing of the activities of this organi-
zation come to its headquarters to
join up.
The appeal to organization de-
clares in part: "The time has come
to act. The Independent Shoe Work
ers' Union is here to organize the
thousands of unorganized workers
in the shoe industry Of Greater New
York under it's banner. We cannot
Continued on Page Ttoo
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-10-08
|H|CH COURT Gets
WOODLAWN CASE
Pennsylvania Pro b e S
Steel Mill Frame Up
By w. J. WHITE.

PITTSBURGH, (By Mail) l).-The
Woodlawn case involving legality of
the Communist Party was argued
here yesterday by attorney Henry
Wilson of Beaver before the Su-
preme Court of the state and he was
answered by the attorney for the
Jones and Laughlin Steel Company
and the case now is in the hands of
the supreme court judges who like
ly will not render decision in this
case until the next term of the court
which will meet either here or in
Philadelphia.
The argument of attorney Wilson
was a plain argument that the anti
sedition law was contrary to the
spirit and intent of the trainers of
the constitution who declared time
after time that the right of free
speech, free assembly and the right
to publish was inviolate to the citi-
Continued on Page Five
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-10-08
W.P. OPPOSITION
IN DECLARATION
Lovestone Replies for
Central Committee

We herewith print the declaration
made By Comrade tombstone IN be-
half of the opposition in the Workers
(Contnsunist) Party of America at
the Si1th World Congress of the
Communist International. We also
p'-iat the telegraphic digest Of the
declaration made by Comrdde Love-
stone to the Sinth World Congress
IN behalf of the Central Executive
Committee of the Party. The full
declaration Of Co1nrade Lovestone
,oiU be printed as soon as 1t arriues
Note.
"The minority of the delegation
of the Communist Party of the
United States of America agrees
with and has voted for the theses
of Comrade Bucharin but registers
its disagreement with the section on
the USA-paragraph 49-for the
following reasons:
"(a) The section fails to emphasize
sufficiently the growing contradic-
Continued on Page TWo
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-10-08
PATERSON STRIKE
MEETING TONIGHT
All Silk Workers Will
Meet at Turn Hall

PATERSON, N. j., Oct. T.
Final instructions will be issued to
the membership of the Association
Silk Workers Union on the general
strike which the union is calling
Wednesday, at a mass meeting OF
broad silk workers tonight in Turn
Hall, which will also serve as strike
headquarters.
The call to the meeting to night,
issued Saturday by the union at
the same time that they announced
their decision to set date for October
10, also invites quillers, winders
Wrappers, twisters and other aux
iliary workers.
The strike committee of so, which
was elected recently, announces that
it intends to make out a list of prices
for these workers which they will
present to the employers. For this
purpose a special meeting of these
workers is contemplated.
Although the Associated Silk
Workers Union did not enroll into
membership all crafts of workers in
the industry, it is generally admitted
Continued on Page Three
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-10-08
Presidential Registration Week
Starts Today Thyuout ". Y. C..
Today is the first day of registration.

Today is the first day of registration
Polling will 1030
today Wednesday, Thursday and Friday They will be
from a. to 1030 m. Saturday
resident of this city and wish for the Candidates
of the Workers (Communi the presidential election
election district.
Order to Register:
You must be twenty old.
resided New York November
You lived the of the five booughs
New York City a different county, since July g. 1926
You have lived the election district October 1928
(If in today still register tomorrow
naturzed citizen must have been nauralized
days election day. be able produce
by you
States for five
Unless qualified January you
able read and English registering first
produce recognized Documentary teracy
read write only because physical disability
blindness loss of both hands he is not debarred).
The teracy test is important Those who voting
others If have voted since then
this
proof when register.
election officials will
showing that completed the
school higher school which
haven't that public
tests heldfrom $50 to 930 the
days and from 1900 $3.50
Regents certificate of Gercy The
a child in the fourth grade pass them.
Days and hours of registration apply only
of New York City Registration other cities
90 In the districts there
and 20.
resident of must have registered
personally before 1890 next Saturday night
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-10-08
TASKS FOR MEMBERS
OF WORKERS PARTY

The following the tasks of every party member
in preparation for the first Red Election Sunday Oc-
tober H.
l. Every Party member must attend his or her unit
meeting the week of October 8-13.
2. Every member of the Party qualified to vote in
the elections must register and Party member must
get others to register.
8. Every Party member must carry propaganda
in trade unions fraterna societies and other working
class societies organizations for the Communist Party
ticket.
A. Every Party member must be ready for the first
Red Election Sunday October IA, to distribute leaflets
and carry out whatever tasks assigned.
5. Every Party member must help to arrange Com
munst election campaign meetings at the gates of the
factory in which he works or at nearby factories