davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28

he went he did not merely conquer,
he built.
After anneXing SaXony, and con-
verting it to Christianity by the ir-
reSistible persuasion of his better
soldiery, he passed down into Italy,
conquered the Lombards, forced the
King to become a monk, and took
over his throne.
Then, being already half way to
Rome, he completed the journey,
and had himself crowned by the
Pope, in the year 800, as Emperor of
the restored and Holy Roman En-
pire Of the West.
NOLTAIRE was to point out that
' it was neither holy ner Roman
nor an empire; but it served ex-
tremely well to unity a chaotic En-
rope, and to consolidate the power
Of the growing church.
1t wove Germany, Austria, Italy,
France. and the Netherlands into
one ordered realm; it gave them a
coherent system of enlightened
laws, and thereby the security of
life and goods which fastened the
economic recovery of a continent
torn and terrified by pillage and
war 1t paved the way, across
seven hundred years, for the rise of
the modern State.
More Immediately 1t established
the temporal power and spiritual
leadership Of the Papacy. When
Charlemagne permitted Leo III, by
an act of magnificent pl assumption,
to place the Roman crown upon his
head, he lent the sanction Of his
arms to the political aScendancy of
the Popes in Italy, and sealed that
alliance of church and State which
was to become the predominant
characteristic of the Middle Ages.
Thereafter the Popes could plaus-
IDLY claim no king deserved obedi-
ence unless he had been crowned
by the Vicar Of Christ in Rome.
Copyright 1927 by Will DuranO
(TO Be Continued
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
All People Dependent

Those devices and inventions
which made modern life modern
are significant not because Of what
they enable men to do as indi-
viduals, but because Of the way in
which they draw masses Of men to-
gether.
The outstanding effect OF those
mechanisms of speed and communi-
cation which have wrought such
revolution during the last 100 years
is the dependence they have inn
posed on all people.
Just as the railroad forced us to
recognize interstate trade and the
necessity for interstate regulation,
the airplane, radio and a multitude
Of other mechanical devices are
forcing us to recognize interna-
tional trade, and the necessity Of
international regulation.
We are developing projects and
systems which cannot function, ex-
cept the area Of law and order is
extended.
What is more important, we are
becoming dependent on those prof.
ects and systems not only in bust
ness, but in our daily lives.
The American home, as we'll as
the American workshop, is now
drawing raw materials from all
quarters of the globe. The tin on
the can comes from England, the
mica in the electric light mostly
from India, the rubber in the hot
water bottle from the other side
of the world, the coffee from Cen
trail America, the tea from China,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
THE STORY OF CIVILIZATION -
POPE CYO7C71S ChaYIem1agne King
Written for The Times bv Will Durant

TINE barbarianS spread, as we
l. have seen, from every nook of
Germany and the Baltic shores TO
every nation of Europe: to this day,
in the white mans invasion of
America, Africa, Asia and Australia
their conquest of the globe goes on;
the great migration is not yet COM
plete.
One sees how history might be
written in terms of the flow of hui
manity from place to place; and
for moment one synpathizes with
the anthropologist who interprets
all the past in terms of race, of
hereditary racial qualities Of body
and mind.
What a stock they were, these
sturdy children of the forest, these
tall blond beasts of prey" and how
easily they overcame peoples who
were lax with Luxury and peace!
See the flood breaking all barriers
and inundating every land: the
East Goths establishing their
power in Italy under Theodore, the
Lombards coming down later into
'Lombardy," the Vandals spread
ing over the northern coast of
Africa, the Angles and the Saxons
driving the Celts Of Britain into
Scotland and Ireland and Wales,
the Danes advancing into Sweden
and Norway and England The
Mortimer passed from Scandinavia
into Russia, Iceland, Greenland,
Labrador, and "Vinland," capturing
Normandy from France and at last
taking England from, Harold the
Saxon at the Battle of Hastings;
above all, the Franks, coming from
Belgium as early as 486 into France,
giving the country their German
name, and establishing Clovis their
king as the first Of many Louises
(the two names are one) to rule. or
aspire to rule. the most civilized of
modern States from that far CEN
fury to ours.
(The ruling class in France was
German until 1892; and the Great
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28

Revolution was an ethnic as we'll as
social reYolt) Clovis died at
Paris in Sill, a good Christian and
tried murderer; he left a vast en-
pire that soon stretched from the
Bay Of BiScay and the English
Channel to Vienna and the Alps.
1t was this kingdom which, after
two centuries of vicissitude and
chaos was united and strengthened
by Charlemagne into the first or
dered society of Medieval Europe.
r n
A T first he was called simply
L N Charles; but when he had
made himself master of half a con-
tinent the world did him the honor,
as it has never done to anyone else,
Of merging the title of greatness
(magnus) with his name.
History credits him with a stat
IRE of six feet, one inch and a quar-
ter; medieval legions, considering
this inadequate described him as
E1BllO ACCI VAIL anu SpJhC VI IlIS
sword, that could cut a horseman
and a horse in two at a stroke, and
Of his appetite. which consumed a
goose, two fowls, a quarter Of NUT
ton, and sundry incidentials at a
meal.
One Of the great cycles Of medic
val romance circled round his
name; and it was in his service. as
he retreated from Spain, that the
knightly Roland and Oliver of the
Chanson dieo.
He became King Of the Franks IN
It'll, and began at once a career Of
conquest as marvellous as Napol-
cons. His life was crowded with
fifty-three campaigns; he flew from
land to land, SO that his almost
miraculous ubiquity gave a handle
to the legends Of his supernatural
power.
He was gifted with iron endurance
Of body, unity and persistency of
purpose, simplicity and clarity and
yet range of mind; and wherever
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
Questions and AnSzOe7S

You can get an answer to any answer
able question Of fact or information by
Editor, The indianapolis Times. Wash
ington BureaI. 1922 New York Ave.
N sampS for reply en' %edsa two and iep t
gal advice cannot be given, nor can ex-
tended research be made. All other
Unsigned requests cannot be ANSWERED..
All letters are confidential. You are
cordially invited to make use Of this
free service as often as you please.
What is the address Of the Es-
perantO Association Of North Amer
lea?
5O7 Pierce Bldg, Copley So, Bos-
ton, Mass.
How old is Mary Garden, the
singer?
Fifty years old. She was born
Feb. 20, 1877.
Is Victor VarcOni, the motion pic
ture actor an Italian?
He is Hungarian by birth.
Is Hutchins an English or a
French name? What does it mean?
1t is English but derived from
the French name Huchon drought
to England during the Norman con-
quest). Huchon is a French di-
minutive form of the common name
Hugh, which is Teutonic and means
mind" spirit" The literal trans
lation Of Hutchins is belonging to
or son Of little Hugh"
Which countries in the world have
the largest merchant marine?
Great Britain leads with 1899, 1877
gross tons and the United States
is next with 14,878,761 gross tons.
Are turtles ever white?
White turtles are found among
all species. They are albinoes.
Could Congress confer on the
President of the United States the
power Of pardon persons convicted
in State courts?
1t would require an amendment
to the Constitution of the United
States to give that power to the
President.
Who is the American minister to
Paraguay?
George L. Kreeck.
Does the cOtton-mOuthed water
moccaSin bite under water?
The Biological Survey says that
there have been published records
of the cotton mouth water mecca
sin biting persons in water. The
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28

JOY and Rod La ROGUE also had
important roles.
Who refereed the Dempsey Bren-
nen prize fight in Madison Square
Garden in 1920, and who fought the
preliminary bouts?
The referee was Haukop. The
preliminary bouts were between
Marty Farrell, New York, and Frank
MCGUIRE, Williamsport, in which
Farrell won; Charlie Weinert, New
ark, defeated BARLEY Madden; Kid
Norfolk won from Bill Tate.
When were pneumatic tires for
automobiles first made and when
were balloon tires first manufac-
tured in America commercially?
The first pneumatic tire for au-
tomobileS was made in France in
1894 by Michelin. Balloon tires for
automobiles were manufactured and
sold commercially by several Amer
lean companies in 1928.
Where and when was Mary Brian,
the motion picture actress, born?
At Corsicana, Texas, Feb. II,
1906.
Is it true that most French made
automobiles and locomotives are
handmade?
Automobiles and locomotives are
made in France by machinery and
tools which are mostly purchased in
the United States. Some tools made
in France are used, but work with
them is slower than with American
tools. More hand labor is employed
than in the United States, but it is
not correct to say that automobiles
and locomotives are manufactured
by hand in France.
What is the value Of an Austrian
kronen?
1t has no value now. The new unit
Of currency in Austria is shilling.
Who played the part of Bess
Morgan in the motion picture, Gap
tain SalvatiOn?"
Pauline Starke.
What was the total number of
deaths in the United States in 1925?
Vital statistics show 1,030,518
deaths that year.
How does the Western Union
Telegraph Company get correct
timer"
Direct from the United States
Navak observatory.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
u, S, Loans to World

With $4,000 100000 loaned in
Europe, outside the war debts; with
almost as much loaned in Canada.
with $3,000,000,00O in Central
America; more than $4,000 900, 900
in South America and nearly
81 900 100000 in the Orient, this ma
ton might as well make up its
mind that, no matter what
politicians assert, it is becoming
definitely bound up with economic
affairs throughout the world.
Only morons deny that economic
affairs now constitute the driving
force Of humanity, and that states
manship must recognize them as
such if it would guide the peoples OF
the world intelligently.
We can stay out Of the League Of
Nations if we will, out of the World
Court and out of any other CO.
operative movement designed to
promote international peace and
order, but we cannot stay out Of
the commercial web which is
knitting humanity into a common
mass.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28

possibility of being bitten is so
slight that southern crabbers do not
pay any attention to them.
Why will oil and water not mix?
Oil is practically insoluble in wa
ter, hence the two will not mix.
What city in the United States is
nicknamed Bean TOWN."
Boston, Mass.
Who are the principals in the cast
of the motion picture, THE Ten
commandments"
Theodore Roberts as Moses,
Charles De Roche as Pharaoh, Es-
telle Taylor as Miriam, sister of
Moses, and Richard Dix as the
sanity son. Nita Naldi, Leatrice
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
BRIDGE ME
ANOTHER
Copyright, 1928, by The Ready Ref
erence Publishing Company
BY w. w. WENTWORTH

Authorizations: A-ace; king; O.
queen; Jack; X-any card lower
than 1O.)
when you hold three honors
in sequence, two in hand and one
in dummy, what honor should be
played first?
2-When you hold: spades-X x
x; hearts-10 x x x; clubs-x
x x; diamonds-X x X, what
should you bid in answer to part
ner's informatory double of OPP
ponent's one-heart bid?
3-First hand bids no-trump.
Second hand bids two hearts. Third
hand doubles. Is double informa-
tory or business?
The Answers
lone from the hand.
1.-Two clubs.
3-BuSineSS.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28


Ten residents were cheered today
by the promise of the street COM
missioner that cinders or gravel will
be dumped in chuckholes in their
neighborhoodS.
Complaints on streets and alleys
which have become impossible be-
cause of mud and chuckholeS were
passed in to the street department
by Mr.. Fixit, representative Of
Times readers at city hall.
Streets slated for repair: 300
block E. Market ST.; alley on S..
Talbot between Iowa and Mime
sofa Sts.; east side State Ave, be-
tween Spann and Fletcher AYES;
first alley west Of Livingston Ave.
and Walnut StS.; alley back of 1858
Lawrence Ave; $50 Somerset Ave. I;
Twelfth and N. Belmont Ave; back
of 720 Somerset Ave; alley west of
Keystone Ave-, one block south of
English; alley west of S. East ST.,
between Lincoln and Minnesota
Sts.; alley between Thirty Third
and Thirty Fourth SITS. from Hard
ing st. to canal.
Street Commissioner Charles
Groasart promised to provide re-
lief as soon as possible. Several
alleys are so muddy it is impossible
to haul cinderS because trucks mire
down.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
The Rules

The Rules
l. The idea Of letter golf is to
change one word to another and
do it in par, or a given number of
strokes. Thus, to change COW to
HEN in three strokes, COW, HOW,
HEW, HEN.
2. You can change only one let
ter at a time.
3. You must have complete word
of common usage for each jump.
Slang words and authorizations don't
count.
4. The order of letters can not be
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
To the Editor:

To the Editor:
Pupils in the Finger Lakes region
of central New York, in country
school and town, have set out to
restore the tie between former resi-
dents of the lake country and their
native home. We're sending greet
ings to men and women, scattered
far, who have gone to other fields,
but still in fancy wander back 20
scenes Of old.
Though they be strangers, we
pupils in our English classes want
to write them a letter, just to re-
mind them that a beaten trail Of
welcome leads back to the Finger
Lakes and that we Of the younger
generation have common love with
them for the place they once called
home.
We are not trying to sell these
native sons anything or to advertise
anything. It's just our effort to
establish by our letters the link Of
sentiment between those who reside
in this region and those who have
said goodbye.
We do not know who or where
these native sons are, so I'm writing
to you as other pupils are to other
editors, TO ask if you will kindly
give space for this letter of the
substance of it in your columns.
Some former residents Of the lake
country may read it and for old
times sake send me their names and
addresses, that we may write greet
ings.
We pupils are trying to locate
former residents Of Cayuga,
Chemung. Onondaga, Ontario,
Seneca, Schuyler, Steuben, Tioga,
Tompkins and Yates counties.
We believe that through our
letters in the newspapers of the
country we can find them. Will you
kindly help me to reach residents of
your city who once came from our
lake country?
All I want to know is their names
and addresses and the town from
W4AASIA OiACJ CetllJG. vi dCCAully yOOIoS
JOHN L. LAWLER,
SO Capitol ST., Auburn, ny
To the Editor My brother, Loren
Cooper, 26, was disabled perma-
nently as a result of an accident
at Henry Fords Detroit factory five
years ago. Is there not some way
that his case can be brought to the
attention Of Henry Ford personally
and some financial relief provided?
He had worked as an inspector
for Ford. In October. 1923, he fell
four stories in an elevator, resulting
in severing of his spinal cord He
has lost use Of his legs and is I'M
able to work.
For eight months he was in hos
pitfalls, but medical science was I'M
able to cure him. He received ST.
900 workmen's compensation, more
than $4,000 being deducted from
that by the Ford company, which
bought him a home at Hope, Ind.
The remainder was paid him in
$14 weekly installments, but that
means of income was exhausted in
January. Now it is necessary for
his wife to work to support him and
a son, Ralph, 6.
He requires constant attention.
and my mother have made several
trips to Detroit to obtain an audi
ence with Mr. Ford, but we never
have been able to reach him. All
we were able to get was promises.
Mr.. Ford'S secretary refuses to
acknowledge special delivery letters
and registered mail. Is there not
some way The Times can bring this
matter before Ford? I am laborer
and unable to support my brother.
We would be so grateful for any
thing The Times can do. Sincerely,
ERNEST COOPER.
tbs N. Noble st.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
Times Readers
Voice ViezUS

The name and address OF the author
must accompany every contribution. but
tiers not exceeding 200 words viii receive
preference.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
Mr.. Fixit
City Officials Promise to
Fill Holes IN Streets

Let Mr.. Fixit, The Times representa-
tive at city. hall. present your troubles
Times Names and addresses Nas az ThicS
must be given will not be published.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
Flow Of j, S, Dollars

American money is flowing into
other countries, because American
life and American industry need the
materials they produce, 1t is not
a case of philanthropy, nor yet Of
per cent dividends.
The same spirit of development
which reclaimed and settled the
West is now reaching out to this
pampas of Argentina, the iron mines
of Mongolia, the forests and fruit
plantations of the Isthmus of Pam
anna, the oil fields of eastern Russia
and the fertile regions Of Africa.
Conditions Not Theories
We are facing conditions, not
theories.
The foreign policy that we pursue
must be squared with those condi-
tons, or it will get lis into serious
trouble.
This Government can not ignore
what its people are doing, or where
they are putting their cash.
From a purely political stand
point, it can deny that it is becom-
ing entangled with the affairs CT
other nations, and it can refuse to
cooperate with them, but it can not
annihilate realities,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28
NJ. e.
TRACY
SAYS

"The Outstanding Effect
of MechanismS of Speed
q u d Communication
Which Haze Wrought
Such q ReUoLNti0n Dur
ing the Last 100 Years Is
the Dependence They
HGVe Imposed on AU
People,"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-02-28

JOY and Rod La ROGUE also had
important roles.
Imperial Valley press., 1928-10-26
SUNDAY SCHOOL
BOARD PLANS FOR
INTERESTING YEAR

Plans for an interesting year 5
work were made at the meeting of
tie Methodist Sunday School board,
which was held last night at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. S. L. Me
Crory.
New classes will be organized, in
Guiding one for Young married people
and another for young people. \
sunday school orchestra will be
formed with much musical talent in
the church available for this pro-
lect. Rally day has been set for
November IS. and is expected to be
quite lively event.
Mrs. W. p. Collins was elected
primary superintendent and Mrs.
H. f. I:aker, Mrs. Harry kincaid,
Mrs. 4. l.. Kniss were named Sun
day school teachers.
Attending last night 5 meeting
were Mesdames G. NJ. Baker, J. W
Cook, John Gaylord, W. T. Collins,
4. l.. kniss, LEM, \. \. Contos,
Misses Margaret Hedrick, Helen
Wallace. Jane Royce. Evelyn Skin
ncr, Rev. and Mrs II. f. Baker, {.
e. jenkins and Mr.. and Mrs. Me
fTnrV
Imperial Valley press., 1928-10-26
WET AND DRY
GASOLINE TEST
EASILY SHOW N

With millions of new automobiles
going into service every year, mo-
torists are paying more and more at
tcntion to the details of operating
th"!. ,dis. 10 protect their invest
ments, they take better care of their
engines. Especially are they becom-
ing more particular about the kind
of fuel they use, for gasoline affects
not merely efficiency of operation
but the life of the motor itself!
Have you, like thousands of other
ear owners, been wondering what is
the difference between "wet' gas
oline and "dry' gasoline? And
have You wondered what difference
the two kinds of fuel make in your
engine2
The difference really is simple and
easily understood. just blow your
breath ON a cold mirror-that S how
"wet -. gasoline acts in cold mo-
tor. Wet gasoline contains
heavy fractions of kerosene, satu-
rated particles which do not stay
vaporized. When you start up, these
condense and flood your carburetor.
And even after you start running
they gather on cylinder walls and
drain into the crankease where they
dilute your oil.
Your engine can t start quickly
or operate at its best ON "wet" "
!, gasoline.
What you need is "dry' gasoline.
You avoid starting troubles, the
danger of thinned oil and bother
some delays when you use Shell 400,
the dry gasoline that goes into
your cylinders completely vaporized
and which burns completely. That S
because Shell 400 contains none of
the heavy, wet ends of kerosene
found in ordinary "wet' gasoline
Now that YOU get the difference.
ii really is as simple as the "cold
Imperial Valley press., 1928-10-26
SOCIETY AMID CLUB NEWS
IHMANTEL CIRCLE
MEETS AT CHURCH

Emmanuel Circle members held a
well attended all day meeting yes
terday at the Baptist church, with
Holtville women present as visitors.
Mrs. G. w. Whistler was program
chairman, in charge of the day.
Work on garments for flood suf-
ferers in Uorto Rico occupied the
morning hours, with hopes of send
ing box next week.
Following the pot-mck luncheon at
noon a regular missionary program
was given. the subject being cover
the Gospel Road in New Spain. Z"
IIostesses for the day were Mes
DANES Whistler. r. Jones and 4.
Poole.
Visitors from Holtville included
Rev and Mrs. Maniey, Mrs w. +.
Griggs, Miss Griggs, Mrs. Grag, Mrs.
Maddox. Mrs. Richards, Mrs. Hop
kinS, and Mrs. Bluemas.
Local members present We're Mes
DANES c. W. Whistler, Albion Miles,
Paul Cogley. J. 7. skipper. G. r.
Bettis. j. G. Rives. D. w. Williams,
J w. King, Vera Harris, d. 2. Har-
ris, Charles Forsberg, J. II. Copen-
haver, Anna Lewis, L. \. Dunlap,
Richard eYoung, Nash, II. +. Cork
hill. c. f. Flanagan, Simakis, and
Richard Jones.
Imperial Valley press., 1928-10-26
SOCIAL SEASON
OF CLUB OPENED
BY ANNUAL DANCE

Social activities of the Woman s
Ten Thousand club were opened
last night bv members of the social
committee who were hostesses TO
club members and their friends at
the annual homec oming dance. The
affair proved most enjoyable
event, about 40 couples being in at
tendance.
Hallowe 'en decorations We're used
about the hall, with witches, ghosts,
black eats and pumpkins adding an
attractive note.
Music furnished by five piece
orchestra. was popular with the
dancers. Mr.. and Mrs. o. J. Brad
shaw led the grand march with other
novelty dances including Paul
Jones and tag dance, adding to the
general merriment.
Patronesses present We're Mrs. j,
r. Garren. Mrs. ". W. Apple and
Mrs. r. b. Kepley.
Punch was served throughout the
evening. with Mrs. John +. Water
nan and Mrs. b. f. Lemons il
charge.
Success for the affair goes tC
members of the social committee
including Mesdames Forrest Kutz
chairman, Howard =. Meyer, O. &
Horne, II. L. Loud. l.. {. House, b
i. Lemons. John +. Waterman, NJ
G. Wahl. j. X. Fahs and II. Y
Hughes