Evening star., 1928-05-17

thought impossible to enforce such laws
without modern Supergovernment-
world dictator. commanding world
army and navy. Hence the repeated
-Alexandrian, Caesarian. Ma
polenic and Wiihelmic-~-to create in
themselves world dictatorship.
Tyrants have battened upon the
world confusion We read much of the
wisdom and patriotism OF the baronS of
England in wrestling the Magma Charta
from the King. In defense of democracy.
but how much have even Kings done To
protect their subjects from the petty
wars of barons and lords, fought by
serfs and peasants!
The most obvious fruit OF the evolu-
ton of peace and order came with the
adoption OF the United States Constitu-
ton. forbidding local States 10 encroach
upon one anothers rights. So recent
has come regulation by law instead of
by mob or piratical raids-~less than a
century and half. This eonStitu-
ttonal government was and Is the first
successful demonstration that justice
and equity may be obtained without the
force and violence and tyranny OF q
supergoyernment We do not enforce
the provisions of our Constitution uSu-
ally by invading armies crossing State
lines though such potential force makes
resistance futile.
Under the kellogg plan discarding
war as national policy there will de-
Velop details OF international law taking
the place OF military and naval force,
but that will be long drawn -out eyolu-
ton. 1t will not be the establishment
s,F Ma Lao, x.sTH H..
international laws and an international
court TO interpret~-though not to en-
force~~those agreed laws. Our Supreme
Court deciding interstate laws, COM
mands no army of enforcement. There
will be evoked mutually agreed upon
methods OF bringing pressure upon cul-
prit nations. but the methods will not
include wars.
Heretofore, there have been attempts
10 force national peace. A. referred
to above. the Poman Umpire extended
the pax Romano over It's conquered
nations But that was coa.pulsion by
force of arms. In the n.nsh century
AID, Charlemagne organized the Holy
Roman Empire. but 1t rerely proserved
peace temporarily, while the fighters.
weary OF slaughter, rested on their
arms.
Then popes proclaimed the Truce of
God" aud ordered peace under ecclesi-
astical penalties, but what did con-
qterors care for eXcommunicatton, SO
long as they might win cunQuests9
Henry VIII defied the Pops and AS
sumed for himself papal powers
Next came Henry Tvs Grand de-
sign" which proposed confederacv
Of all European states. To enforce peace,
but the rivalries still cont amplateo war
aS n means. Later, came the theories
Of Balance OF Power" and. "Concer. ot
Europe" between the nations II Europe,
which, with scheming stat smea, only
fostercd rivalries and disputes, leading
to wars for war was never optlawed.
The League of Nations ne?ur attempted
10 outlaw war" II relies upon war
as the fnal means OF coercion, after the
hoycoltlng and ostracixing OF reealci~
tfant nations fail.
International arbitration was used in
ancient Greece, between her petty
states, but u was abandoned by Rome
IN It's power, when Rome became STU
premc among nations and dtctorial
II was not revived until the middle or
latter part OF teudal times. since lIao
arbitration has grown In use. IL dii~
fefa from mediation, for arbitration Is
n judicial process, based upon eAlAtlhs
international laws interpreting treaties
and national rights. But even win all
arbitration the anal legal resort 10 war
remained, when arbitral decision Tailed
10 satisfy the disputanta. :.
such wns stili the dernief resort OF
The nryan arbitration treatlesr7~wHf
postponed year but at last war
Nov the Kellogg proposal, originaily
suggested by France Ia apply only 10
The United States and France, hu
bfnadenrd by Secretary kellngg 70 be
open to six world pnwers tirst and then
10 all the world, appears AS simple and
also IN effective AZ Aieyandets untyine
OF the dordan knot II simply win
nne slash cuts war cut Of all lntefha"
tional tie~upa and leaves tn nlvlllaAtinI
the leffeuting VI lnternatlonal Justice
by laws.
Why Ii France hesliants Why does
she alnne retain hope IA WARP
itopStiahs 1888, NJ FA1l v, uelll1sl