davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-07-31
WORLD naval
PACT ATTEMPT
LED BY BRITAIN
Agreement Now Reached
With France; Plan to
Other Powers Soon.

BIZ United Press
LONDON, July 31.-A new at
tempt at an international naval
agreement, sequel to the proposals
that failed in the Geneva disarma-
ment conference in February, is
underway now with France and
England already in accord.
Sir Austen Chamber, in, the for
eign secretary, in Commons Monday
night announced that Great Britain
had reached a naval agreement
with France.
81 am about to communicate the
compromise to the other principal
naval powers" Sir Austen said. II
am hoping it may be acceptable to
them"
Sir Austen would discuss the
matter no further than to make
this announcement.
Doctrine of Self-Defense
The entire Comm s r ion had
been one devoted to a discussion Of
secretary expressing the British
reasons for a reserve clause in
Great Britain's acceptance of the
Kellog anti-war pact. Britain had
reserved the right to act in certain
territories.
docs anybody think the United
States, in proposing the pact, means
to abolish or change the policy of
the Monroe Doctrine? Clearly not.
In every arbitration treaty the
United States has signed, they
have expressly reserved all questions
relating to the Monroe Doctrine"
Sir Austen said.
1--WE are not unreasonable when
we state there are parts Of the
world where we too have a Monroe
Doctrine. 1t is not a doctrine of
aggression nor a desire for territori-
al expansion, but a measure of self
defense necessitated by the
geography of the empire"
Means Much or Little
He pointed out that the anti-war
pact might mean much or might
mean little in the affairs of the
world. He said much would de-
pend on how the rest of the world
thinks the United States is going
to Judge the action Of the agrees
sor in any conflict that might arise.
eff American opinion collects be-
hind the treaty, then the pact is
an additional and formidable de-
terrent to war. This is what we
hope, wherefore we are glad to CO.
operate to bring the proposal to
fruition," he said.
Sir Austen concluded by saying
he hoped to go to Paris before the
end of August to sign the proposal
in behalf of the British empire.
LIcyd George Criticises
His speech was cheered, but Da-
vid Lloyd George said in subse-
quent speech that the British de-
Tense clause and the Monroe doc
trine was entirely different. He
pointed out that the Monroe doc
trine had "clear, definite geographic
cal limitations which every one
knows, but it is impossible to tell
what this clause (the British anti
war clause applies to-"
He criticised the lf-defense mo-
tive, saying such a move left open
the chance that every country
might interpret elf-defense differ
emily. He pointed out that Ger
many still maintained the World
War was based on a self-defense
motive
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-07-31
Dies at Auto Wheel

BOONVILLE, Ind, July 31.-Ru-
dolph McCool. 10, farmer three miles
west Of here, died of heart disease
while at the wheel of his auto.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-07-31
100000 LOANED CITY
Money Borrowed to Meet General
Expenses Until November.

A temporary loan Of 100000 to
pay city general expenses until No
vember tax money is available has
been negotiated by City Controller
Sterling r. Holt.
Fletcher Savings and Loan Com
pan bid on a 100000 loan with 6
per cent interest and the Union
Trust Company bid per cent with
$50 premium on the 100000 loan.
The usual rate of interest for city
temporary loans is between 4 and 5
per cent interest, the increase being
due to the present condition of the
money market. it is said.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-07-31
Yigo County Leads in Coal.

DU 7 IHEJo bpJJIWE
WASHINGTON, Ind, July 81
Figures on coal production in Indi-
ana for 1927, announced by the
United States Bureau of Mines,
shows Vigo County leads all others
in the State with 3,700,573 tons.
OTHER high producing counties in
the order named are Sullivan, Pike,
Vermilion, Knox and Warrick. Total
production for the State was 1885,
1853 tons.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-07-31
SEEK SALARY
RAISE FOR new
CITY LIBRARIAN
Pay for Post Lower Than
in Smaller Cities, Says
Vonnegut.

School board members today we're
considering means of financing in
creased salary for the city librarian
following conference Monday with
two possible appointees.
The present salary is $500 year.
1.-THE salary of the Indianapolis
librarian is lower than in many
smaller cities of the country" Presi-
dent Theodore F. Vonnegut said.
"If we want worthy successor to
Charles E. Rush we will have to pay
a better salary. We can get plenty
of librarians for $500, but none Of
the caliber of Rush"
DickersOn Leaves City
Luther L. Dickerson, executive
secretary of the committee on adult
education, American Library Asso-
citation, Chicago, returned to Chi
cago Monday afternoon, after con-
ferring with board members. He
was invited here by Vonnegut.
While DickerSon was meeting
with commissioners, DR.. Edwin Mead
Wilcox, noted biologist Of Chicago,
said by Vonnegut to be a candidate
for the appointment, also was in
the city. Wilcox was interviewed
by Commissioner Fred Kepner, who
with Mrs. Lillian Sedwick is said to
favor his appointment.
Opposed to Wilcox
Vonnegut is opposed to Wilcox,
terming J IN an excellent biologist,
but with tut wide experience as a
librarian. Vonnegut said he under
stood w lcox would accept $500.
No action on the appointment is
expected at the board meeting to-
night.
The board plans to put the library
in the charge of Miss Annie Winslow
assistant librarian, when Rush
leaves on vacation Aug. IS. His
resignation becomes effective Aug
81 when he will become Columbia
University Teachers College IL
brarian.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-07-31
LOckjaw Fatal to Boy.

BIZ Times Special
MECHANICSBURG, Ind, July 81.
Maurice, 5, son of Everett Rogers,
is dead at the home of his grand
father, John N. Cason, near here, Of
lockjaw, which developed from a
wound in one Of his feet received
when he stepped on a rusty nail a
few DAYS ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22

With the vacation touring season now
actively under way, with many extern
sive cross-country trips planned during
the torrid months Of July and August.
automotive engineers are issuing their
annual warning regarding proper care
of the motor. BY close attention to the
various controls affecting efficient en-
CINE operation. the prospective tourist
will obtain maximum enjoyment.
The most current advice given the
tourist applies to guarding against the
various causes of overheated engines,
such as leaking radiator, low water sup
ply. inefficient operation of the fan, re-
tarded spark. racing Of the motor, etc.
It Is comparatively simple matter,
automotive engineers point out, to keep
the motor cool when driving during
early Spring. Fall and Winter: when
driving during the hot Summer months
however. more dificult situation pre-
walls The automobilist Is advised
therefore. to watch all the contributing
factors which. individually or combined
may cause an overheated engine, with
resultant expensive damage and delay
BY means OF the ordinary heat indi-
Gator. such as the motometer. attached
either to the radiator or dashboard. the
automohilist will have before him con-
SANITY gauge which tells him instantly
the operating condition OF his engine
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22

Progress and the automobile go hand
In hand.
Africa. known to the ma jority of peo-
pie as the Dark Continent. is not the
country of ifnpenetrable jungles, wild
beasts, hostile tribes and preying slave
traders as 1t Is generally thought to be.
but country of increasing good roads.
of automobiles. of law and order. OF
progress and of wonderful future OPP
portunity.
And the automobile has brought
about the greater portion of this trans
formation.
More Gripping Than Fiction.
And in so doing there is being writ
ten volume of adventure, romance
colorful than fiction. What the shades
OF a Stanley would say If they would
set out to explore Africa today in COM
Portable, luxurious automobiles!
A mere striking illustration to cor
rect the erroneous idea Of Africa could
not be found than the fact that Liberia,
among the modern African states, has
a Maryland County named after the
State of Maryland Such modernism
also is reflected in the traffic policeman
pointing the way for motorists where
once the trackless wilds stood.
Then as surely as the automobile Is
carrying progress to the far corners 81
the earth, with it also go the accom-
paniments of civilization. And in Africa
schools, churches and good government
are developing and medicine and
hygiene are reducing TROPICAL diseases
Africa Not So Far Away.
<-u.nu4 - s..nn ,,-sAI- A,..1r.ao tHon4
| once seemed so far away. is drawing
nearer. Geographically a person u3ually
| thinks of Africa as vague mass far
away on the map. but 1t is only a mat
| ter of 1000 miles from New York tc
| Monrovia, the capital of Liberia. The
| automobile has bridged this distance
/ and has disseminated up-to-date ideas
which are taking hold in the native
mind with the result that American
/ business is going forward with higs
! hopes
And such is the change which j:
| coming about, according to an Ameri.
can business man who has just re.
| turned from survey of African condi.
| tions. He declares that the riches Of
/ Africa are reaching the outer world Ii
| greater volume. But yet, he says, these
riches have been scarcely touched: fol
/ the most part tney await development
| Stirred by new spirit, ne sees a de.
cided advantage in organized trade pos.
| sibilitieS in Liberia in the fact that thi:
country of 100000 people has old ant
/ friendly ties with the United States. be,
cause the nation was founded by freed
American slaves and has always main.
tanned close relations with the Unitec
| States.
Had Only One Automobile.
In speaking of the automobile thi
| American business man says: "A few
years ago Liberia had only one automo.
| bile and two dirt roads. Now one largt
rubber concern alone has developed u
miles of good roads and there are per-
haps more than 200 automobiles ant
| trucks in the country.
They shoot around corners over there
| Just exactly as they do here. Libe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22
STYLE OF SPARK PLUG
DECLARED VITAL TO CAR
Research Engineer Stresses Impor'
lance of Selecting Right
Kind for Auto.

Most motorists think that e spark
plug is Just some kind of an igniter
which is screwed in the engine to fire
the mixture; that the same type of plugs
viii work all right In all kinds of engines
and under all conditions.
This is far from the truth, according
to II Rahezzana, research engineer
who says:
Spark plugs nowadays are tailor
made to At each engine A plug has a
limited range of temperature, and with
in this range will perform without
trouble Any temperature above or be-
low that range will cause either pre-
ignition or fouling trouble.
"A spark plug can be set in the engine
in many places. Some of those places
are relatively cold In comparison to
others which are very hot. This ex-
plains why engines sometimes are very
similar In their performance and power,
but. having different spark plug loca-
tons. require different types of plugs.
Also the same engines with different
compressions require different plugs, be-
cause the higher the compression the
higher the temperature OF the e:iplo-
si0ng
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22
JUNGLE AND WILD BEASTS
DISAPPEAR IN PATH OF AUTO
Volume of Adventure. Romance and
Achievement More Gripping Than Fic-
ton Now Being Written in Africa.

rians have learned to dodge, and they
dodge with a smile Some of the we'll
to-do are buying cars and running them
on the new roads. Their drivers are
natives trained to the job. suppose
the next innovation will be gasoline
stations along the reads. Then we
truly may say that the motor age has
dawned in Liberia"
Eager to Ride i'm U. s. Machines.
He declares that all of this Is quite
natural trend because Africans like
American clothes and are eager 70 Tiue
in American automobiles.
This business man Is greatly impressed
| by the conversion of a primitive world
into field of modern industrial opera
tions. Not industrial alone. but en-
bracing agriculture, communication,
rubber culture and great social expert
mcnt as well. He finds the human fac
/ tor one of the most interesting OF the
whole undertaking. He declares that
the natives have taken to rubber cul-
ture especially as If it were natural
| vocation.
OF this he relates that two years ago
| the rich Du River plantation section
was a jungle, no more nor less. Then
! came the rubber men, looking for suit
| able areas to begin planting. These
| pioneers pushed in from the famous
| African West Coast up the Du River.
running lines" or paths through the
| jungle where the white mans foot had
never trodden before. Under this dense
| growth the soil experts found suitable
| land. The general topography was ia
vorable. So they established camps, as
| semolcd natives and went to work To-
day the Du River site is scene trans
| formed, cleared in large areas and
| planted with rubber trees which five
years from the time of planting will
bear the rubber sap.
10000 Natives Give Welcome.
When I first visited the Du River
| DEVELOPMENT this last trip" he de-
scribed I'VE passed through a double
line of native laborers along IL miles
of road. There must have been 10000
of them. In places they had raised
arches made of palm leaves above the
road. bearing the sign of Welcome.
or charms to bring good luck. ! never
saw more eagerness. Only a few OF
the men speak any English. but they
understood that this inspection meant
the white men were pleased and the
work would go on. Each one tried TO
show that he was ready to do his part.
THE scene would have looked strange.
indeed. to any American eyes, Where
the thick forests stood yesterday / saw
miles of cleared land. the trees felled
and burned. the underground swept
away. And in their stead stretched
out millions of young rubber trees,
which had been planted"
American Atmosphere.
With model homes provided for the
Americans, who are reported to be going
out to Liberia in increasing numbers,
American family life is being reproduced
in Africa, this business man finds.
American magazines and papers and
books are as much part of life there
now as they would be anywhere else
This group and their womenfolk make
up pleasant social circle where once
only the unmolested primitive ruled
Continued on Seventh Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22
In the Motor World
BY q. ADAMS HOWARD.

! on motor trucks, the return of the
State to the two license plate sys-
tenn, the adoption of the Hoover
safety code and proposal to
raise the gasoline tax from 2 to 4
cents a gallon and the issuing Of
| SIC. 000. 900 bonds for hard sur
faced highways were the principal
actions of the Louisiana State Leg
| islature before its adjournment
| recently. Louisiana adopted the
single plate system two years ago.
! but the experience of a year and
a half and the complaints from
policemen has led to the recon-
Sideration of this move, and next
year all cars again will be
equipped with two plates.
Just why so many States still
retain laws limiting speeds to 20
and IS miles per hour in the open
country, and every one knowing
that they are not observed, is a
mystery The speed law in Mary
land is a fair one, and permits the
motor vehicle to give reasonable
part of its potential efficiency in
it's everyday service.
An interesting solution to pres
ent-day traffic congestion is set
forth editorially in the Automo-
tive Daily News. New York trade
publication. as follows:
Traffic Separation.
Sir Henry Maybury. director
general of roads in Great Britain,
remarked the other day that
eventually the ratepayers of
London will come to the con-
clusion that continual interior
ence with the surface of the
streets must be reduced to q
minimum. Sound craftsmanship
bracketed with economy would
lead to the construction of sub
ways. A quite considerable capt.
tai expenditure would be involved,
but in a busy center with inten-
sive traffic the expenditure would
prove to be sound financial VEN
ture."
Almost every great city is be-
ginning to realize that some form
of traffic separation is fast be-
coming imperative. The dangers
and delays incident to vehicular
and pedestrian traffic using
common level are obvious every
where. The two should be sep
arated: all authorities recognize
that. but the tremendous cost of
subwayS or overhead ways tina.
will completely Segregate the two
forms of traffic has so far pre-
vented any real attempt at MAX
ing the cleavage.
Sir Henry Maybury. an author
ity on the subject, believes that
in spite of the cost traffic separa-
ton would be wise financial
venture. 1t is to be remembered
also that the cost of segregation
goes up each year. Land values
rise and labor costs do not de-
crease. The total sum that would
have to be spent may seem stag
gering to us today, but we should
remember that it will be greater
tomorrow.
This is a problem that must be
faced sooner or later. and the |
sooner we make up our minds to |
a complete revision of our urban |
traffic system, the lower will be |
the actual cost of making the |
change.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22
PREDICTS MARYLAND GAS
TAX WILL Be REPEALED
State Senator Levin Charges Legis.
lators Were "Coerced" at
Last Session.
BY BECK

BALTIMORE. July 81 Especially A
prediction that the next session of the
Legislature will repeal the cent-and-a-
half gasolene tax for lateral roads
closely followed the ruling of the Court
of Appeals this week that the law shall
not be placed on the ballot for State
vote.
State Senator Harry o. Levin of the
fourth district said he is almost certain
the law will be repealed. He charged
that certain senators were ''coerced"
into voting for its passage at the last
session.
Judge william H. Adkins In an opin-
ion handed down by the Court of APP
peals. said the gas tax law does not
come within the class OF laws referable
to the peopie.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22

Standard tests for brake Innings, now
used by manufacturers. has resulted In
the life of the average lining being in
creased four times. with saving to
the Nation of sl5.o00,0oo a year.
The automobile brake performance
has been studied for several years, and
a shcrt time ago the Bureau of Stand
ards made recommendations that we're
incorporated In the standard brake
safety code published by the Society OF
Autonlotive Engineers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22
T%HE parking light discussion
| continues. Mai. Edwin B.
Il 4TArr.n Il.

continues. Maj. Edwin b
HesSe, superintendent oil
police, with the co-opera-
ton of the American Automobile
Association, Is having survey
made upon the subject In several
Of the larger cities.
AS yet Traffic Director William
II. Harland has not been con-
ferrec with. and the matter has
not been officially brought to his
attention. He is still of the opin-
ion, however, that the matter is
a traffic matter, and, therefore,
under his jurisdiction.
Regardless of the Jurisdiction.
there is no question that this sub
lect or any other kindred one
should have the cooperation CT
both departments. It is the be-
lief of the majority of residents
of the National Capital that the
duties of the director of traffic are
to map out regulations subject to
the approval of the Commission
ers. and that it is the duty of the
Police Department to enforce
them.
Whether the legal phraSing Of
the traffic act by Congress calls
for something else or not. it is the
combined duty of the two heads
to work together and not sep
arately for the greatest good of all
concerned.
With so many detours in the
city many motorists are puzzled
as how to make turns on light
controlled streets that are blocked
at one end or another. Mr., Har-
land states that the driver should
obey the same regulations in such
cases as he is supposed to do when
the intersection is not blocked.
Speed limits are subject for
general discussion today. Many
States are raising the limit, and,
in some instances. even contem-
plating minimum limit. Mary
land for some time now has al
lowed 40 miles per hour in the
open country. Concerning this
curious story comes TO the fore.
In all seriousness. the other day,
resident of this city asked Mr.
Harland what he could do to
travel in Maryland. as his ma
chine could not make 40 miles an
hour.
Two Achievements.
New Jersey State legislators
have two achievements to their
credit in the recently adjourned
special session, which Gov. Moore
called to end the toll road situa-
ton that had been created by
law carelesSly passed at the regu-
lar session. To begin with. the
legislators rescinded their previ-
GUS action and stopped the rush
of toll roads and toll bridges.
which were beginning to appear
all over the State. Then they pro-
ceeded to put another good law
on the statute books in the shape
of the Wise traffic act. which in
creases the speed limit for motor
vehicles In the country districts
from 80 to IS miles per hour In
cities and towns the archaic IL
miles was raised to 20 miles an
hour.
Raising the speed limit to As
miles per hour. lower license rates
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22
Motorists Warned to Be on Lookout
For Overheated Engines in Summer

If the red indicating fluid In the radia-
tor type c. She indicating pointer on the
dash reaches the danger line, the mo-
sorist Is advised to stop Immediately
and locate the cause Generally, this
cause is easily discovered and If recti-
fed In time no damage or delay will
result.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-22

CONTINUED on Seventh Page
Imperial Valley press., 1928-07-31
Coast Interests
Seek Information
On Valley Land

The query caa be used either to
illustrate the ignorance of many
coast people as to the real condi-
tions in Imperial Valley, or as
proof that there is a real demand
for land here.
W E. Hancock, local real estate
man, recently received letter
from Los Angeles, requesting infor-
nation as to the possibility Of ac-
curing 10000 acres of land near
some Imperial Valley city, to be sub
divided into building lots.
Anyone would have a tough job
finding any single tract of 10000
acres in the valley" Hancock stat
ed today. >''As for getting that a.
mount near city, it would be like
trying to get blood from stone.
And even If person could acquire
If, how they would ever be able to
dispose of it in small e-lots, is
mystery to me- -
Hancock declares the inquiry was
bona fide and he has written the
inquirer explaining that while land
can be acquired here in various a
mounts, getting 10000 acres near a
city can't be done.
This fellow, like many more, is
figuring on passage of the Swing
johnson bill, " the real estate man
said. at goes TO prove one thing,
the outsiders have their eyes on
US. "
Imperial Valley press., 1928-07-31
miss JOHNSON
MUCH CLOSER
IN BALLOTINC

The Press very much regrets
that through a typographical error
in yesterday's account of the
Queen of the Desert contest at
Mission Beach, it was stated that
Miss Grace Johnson, the Ell Centre
entry. was 200 votes behind the win
ner. "Miss Yuma y
1t should have been 20 votes in
stead of 200. An extra cyphcr
climbed on to the figure and was
not brushed off. The Press accepts
blame for this, and for excuse can
only say that operating newspaper
short handed during the vacation
period and in weather like this, is
not the easiest thing in the world.
Mistakes will be made for we are
only human.
Occurrences of this kind are what
make newspaper people cranky,
and possessors of gray hair.
Miss Johnson's friends have call
cd the error to our attention and
have expressed their regret at the
lack of support given her in the
contest when only handful of FL
Centre residents were present to
vote for her. The Press cannot be
blamed for this, as reference to our
files for the past few weeks will
show that the affair was given con
siderable publicity in our columns.