davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-03
The Working Woman in
Int'l Labor Defense
By ROSE BARON.

From the International battle front
of labor chorus of greetings arises
to celebrate International Women's
Day. Greetings!
International Labor Defense can
we'll be compared to the first aid of
the front line trench of militant la
Dor. Men and women alike concen-
trated on the task of freeing their
political prisoners from the clutches
of the enemy and save them for
greater tasks that lie ahead.
Shoulder to Shoulder.
The working class woman today
fights side by side with the male
worker against the system that has
been built and maintained by the eco
nomic exploitation and oppression OF
human beings. On every field-in the
factories, in the trade unions, in tbs
political parties of the working class
women are playing an increasingly
important role. Every new strike
brings wildly to our attention the in
spring activity of the working wo
men, their militancy on the picket
line, their heroic self-denial, their
willingness to sacrifice all for the
sake of their proletarian ideals. In
the Passaic strike, the furriers' and
cloakmakers' strikes, and now in the
coal strike, women have played their
part equally with the men and have
borne the brunt of the struggle on the
picket line as well as in the homes.
On Picket Line.
And when strikers are dubbed and
arrested, women are among them.
The International Labor Defense, the
central defense organization of the
American working class, is being
rallied on to defend increasing num-
bers of women workers who feel the
heavy hand of the capitalist courts
Moreover, when we talk about the
class war prisoners throughout the
world, we should stop to think; what
about their wives? what about the
suffering and heroism of Lucy Par
sons or a Rose Sacco?
In Strikers Family.
The working class woman, both the
industrial worker and the housewife
thus finds herself vitality concerned
in every phase of the class struggle;
she is most concerned when the work
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-03

stages of the machine age. They OPP
posed the entrance of women in in
dustry claiming that woman's place
is in the home.
When, however, their opposition
proved to be useless, it was substi-
tuted by new theory, namely, that
women are an impermanent factor in
industry; that they only remain until
hey marry. Therefore any attempt
to organize women into trade unions
is waste Of time and energy.
Many Women Workers.
An examination of the facts con-
corning women in industry presents
an entirely different picture. Women
workers are not only employed in the
needle trades and textile trades, but
are also entering in ever greater
numbers into the heavy industries. In
the steel and iron industries the num-
Der of women workers has increased
1854 per cent since 1910. In the au-
tomobile industry the increase was as
high as 10S per cent. This is also
rue of the chemical industry.
The woman worker in industry is
the most underpaid and exploited. She
is handicapped not only by lack of
skill, but also by the antagonism of
the men workers, both skilled and I'M
skilled alike, who see in her danger
Gus competitor. Women as unskilled
workers are generally engaged on
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-03

-.round winch women will make their
first step toward organization. They
are unaccustomed to the daily routine
of organization. One must therefore
appeal to their imagination and
dramatize the struggle in order to
arouse their interest which once
aroused proves to be more steadfast
as indicated by the fact that there
are fewer assertions of women strik-
ers during periods Of struggle than
of men. Educational work should
also play very important role in
woman's organization. Women must
be taught administrative work so
that the fruit of many successful
struggles may not go to waste as
was the case in the past.
There are eight and half million
exploited women workers in the
United States. They find themselves
in even a worse position than the
unskilled men workers. The A. F. Of
l.. bureaucracy remains deaf to the
cry for help from these struggling
workers. 1t becomes the task of the
left wing both within and outside Of
the existing unions to give their at
tention to the problem of organizing
women workers both on the economic
and political field.
The left wing must equip itself
with the necessary knowledge and
understanding. The left wing has
the virility, the courage and the
idealism to tackle this great field of
unorganized women workers. The
growing interest of the progressives
in the women's movement is an in
dicatiCn that the left wing and pro-
gressSe elements are awakening to
their responsibility toward the un-
organized women workers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-03

ing class is being directly attacked
thru the most insidious instruments
of capitalist oppression, the courts.
When she is not herself a victim Of
this attack, she is perhaps the wife
or mother of someone who is.
Thus is it not for nothing that wo-
men are playing such IN active part
in the work of the International La
Dor Defense. The working class wo-
men, Of this country realize that the
only way to fight the frame-up and
the numerous devices of illegal" sup
preston effectively is by building the
international Labor Defense, by max
ing it as strong weapon in the
hands of the working class as possible.
In the work connected with our an
nual bazaar, which this year will be
held March 7, 8, 9, 10 and II at New
Star Casino, 10th st. and Park Ave,
we are depending upon the women to
do their share and more if necessary
And in every other phase of our work
we find the class-conscious women of
the working class helping in every
way they can. ).
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-03

position of women there is similar to
that of the Negroes in the southern
states. There are no constitutional
bars in most unions against the adj
mission of women, but the official
dom would rather have the women
remain working in the unorganized
shops than take them into the unions
on a par with men.
These union officials look uponwoman
as a wilful intruder rather than a
worker drawn into industry by econ
omic necessity. Whatever activities
were undertaken by the A. F. of L.
unions to organize women, in most
instances it was done without any
preparations and without any under
standing of women and their
psychology, with the result that after
some effort the organizer declared it
a useless expenditure of energy as
women could not be organized.
rn Woman Be Organized?
T>.e best answer to this question
can be given when we look into the
history of the needle trade workers,
the textile workers, the famous strike
of the telephone operators of 1921,
etc.
The annals of the Dressmakers
Union are a testimonial of the fight
ing capacity, idealism and spirit of
self-sacrifice of women workers.
The Importance of the role of
women in the present internal strug-
gle in the needle trades cannot as
yet be fully estimated. The women
have been and are today the most
stubborn fighters. There were
fewer assertions on the part of
women than men. This is conclusive
proof that not only can women be
organized, but that they can be the
progressive factor in the labor move
ment.
Another interesting illustration are
he millinery workers. For years the
men workers made agreements with
the bosses which only benefited the
few men at the expense of the thou
sands of underpaid girls. The argu-
ments advanced by the men in de-
tense of their action was that the
millinery workers are flappers, that
they come into the trade temporarily
until they marry and therefore can
not be organized. With the develop
ment of the left wing in that union
pressure was brought to bear to I'M
dertake the organization of the
women. Within less than three years
the local of trimmers has grown from
the negligible number Of a few hun
bred to four thousand and is today
one Of the best organized locals of
women, developing women leaders,
educational activities, and partici-
pating in the general life of the
union.
This is also true of the fur work
ors where the women, many Of whom
are of the Greek nationality and were
but recently organized by the left
wing administration, have actively
participated in the strike.
Approaching the Problem.
In approaching the problem of the
organization of women one must bear
in mind that women are but new
Corners to public life and lack organi-
rational experience. Social activities
play an important role in attracting
women to the trade unions. The
club, circle, the social affair with
shop mates. may become the nuclei
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-03
The Problem of Organizing Over Eight
Million Women in Industry

trade did they take notice of the
women workers, and that only in Of
fetal resolutions at conventions. The
recognition given to women in Off
cial circles of the A. F. of L. is more
an act of chivalry than recognition
of the common interests of working
men and women.
While the A. F. of L. has time and
again at conventions adopted reso-
lutions favoring the organization of
women and their admission into the
existing unions, it never extended its
unions.
AS for the international unions, the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-03

the fringe of industry and because of
that are more strongly affected by
industrial depressions and are sub
ject to greater unemployment. Dur
ing the industrial crisis of 1921 there
were four million unemployed work
ing women.
The American Federation of Labor
is primarily an organization of
skilled workers and has concerned it
self but little with organizing the I'M
skilled and particularly the women
workers. Only at such times when
the woman worker became a real
menace to the men in a particular
The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09
Good Digestion
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The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09
CHAPTER xLVIII

CALLY, crouching on the floor OF
~ her room, spread the cracking
sheets of the Capital City Press
her eyes devouring the two-column
picture of David Nash. Two lines
of type above the photograph leaped
out at her:
Honor graduate of A. & M. in
herits grandfather farm"
He hadn't been injured or killed
in an accident, he wasn't married!
In a frenzy of relief and gratitude
to the God she had just been ac-
cusing of deserting her, Sally Barr,
who had been Sally Ford, bent her
head until her lips rested on the
photograph. And it was rather a
pity that Arthur Van Horne, "con-
noisseur of kissing" was not there
to see the passionate fervor of the
kisses which the girl whom he had
dismissed contemptuously was rain
ing upon an unresponsive newspaper
picture.
When at last she was calmer she
read the short item through. 1t
was the last paragraph that brought
her to her feet, her slight body
electric with sudden determination:
young Nash is living alone in the
fine old farmhouse, and apparently
is as capable in the kitchen as on
the seat of a cultivator. He says
his whole heart is in scientific farm
ing, and that his only sweetheart is
Sally blue-ribbon heifer which
he is grooming to break the worlds
butter-fat production record"
David! Darling David" She was
laughing and crying at the same
time. "He hasn't changed! He
hasn't forgotten that we're half
married."
Jerking open a drawer of her
dressing table she caught sight of
her face in the mirror, and her
eyes widened with delighted surprise
Gone was the pinched, white,
shame-Stricken face, and in its place
was beauty such as she had never
dreamed she possessed. She turned
awya from the mirror, tremulous
and abashed, for what she had to
do would not be easy. Her eyes
tried to avoid the exquisite photo
graph Of her mother that stood in
its blue leather frame on the dress
ing table, but at last she snatched it
up and carried it against her breast
as she ran tO her deSk
She felt that she was talking to
Enid as she wrote, pleading for I'M
The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09

lbe fun if we could go back to Can
field and let the marrying parson'
finish the job?"
Don't be too confident!" Enid
warned her. "He may refuse you!"
But at sight of Sallys dismay she
Irelented. Il know he loves you,
darling. Don't worry. If 1 were
you I'd get busy Immediately on a
Itrousseau."
"One dozen kitchen aprons will
top the list" Sally laughed
Four days later the second tele-
gram that Sally had received from
David arrived: Catching next train
East, darling. Happiest man in the
world. Can we be married day I
arrive? Am writing your blessed
mother also. I'll be loving you al
ways. David"
"Of course you can't be married
the day he arriyes!" Enid exclaimed
Indignantly when Sally showed her
the telegram. I'm going to give you
a real wedding"
II think the children are right,
Enid" Courtney Barr unexpectedly
championed Sally in her protest.
"a quiet, impromptu wedding, by
all means. Our announcement to
the papers will indicate that we ap-
prove, and since the boy is unknown
in New York and Sally has only
just been introduced, I think the
less fuss the better"
Sally kissed him impulsively,
aware, though the knowledge did
not hurt her, that he liked her bet
ter now that she was to leave his
home, than he had ever liked her.
David arrived on Monday, and
was guest of honor that night at
small party of Ends and Sally's
most intimate friends, at which time
announcement of the forthcoming
marriage was made. They renlem-
bered having seen him briefly at
Sally's coming-out party and so
handsome he was, so much at ease,
now that he was to be married to
the girl he loved, that it occurred
The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09

warmth of her own throat. "Your
mistake would have been to run
away to marry David. You have a
mother and a father now, Sally.
You're no longer a girl alone, as
David called you. You have a place
an society as our daughter, whether
Sou want it or not. If David wants
to marry you, he must come here
to do SO, must marry you with our
consent and our blessing"
But" Sally's joy suddenly
urned to despair again. "He
wouldn't marry a girl with a for
tune. He told me so when he was
here"
THAT was when he was penniless
himself" Enid pointed out. I've
just read this newspaper story
about his inheriting his grand
fathers farm. It's a small fortune
In itself and since there's no imme-
date danger of your inheriting
either my money or Courts, don't
believe he will let your prospective
wealth stand in the way-if he loves
you"
oh he doesI" Sally laughed
through her tears. Look" she
snatched the newspaper from the
floor and pointed to the last para
graph of the story about David.
He named his prize heifer after
mel 1t says here his only sweet
heart is 'Sally!' Oh, Mother, I didn't
know anyone could live through
UGH misery and such happiness as
I felt today! I wanted to kill my
elf after Van-Oh"
Tell me just exactly what he
aid to you'll" Enid commanded, her
lovely voice sharpened with anger
nd fear.
When Sally had repeated the con-
emptuous, Sneering speech as ac-
urately as possible, her mothers
face, which had been almost ugly
with anger and disgust, cleared
miraculously.
"The man is an unspeanable cad.
darling, but I am almost glad it
happened, since you escaped un-
Scathed. He won't bother us again.
m sure of it! He's not quite low
nough to gossip about me to my
friends. 1t is evident that he
planned all along to use his knowl-
edge as a club to force you to sub
NIT to his desires. And now that
he doesn't want you any more, he
will lose interest in the whole sub
Ject. I've known Van nearly all
my life and I've never known him
to act the cad before. He's probably
despising himself, now that his
ever has cooled. If you marry Da-
INid, with our consent, he'll probably
turn up at your wedding and offer
sincere congratulations with whis-
pered reinsurance as to his ability
O keep our secret"
When 1 marry David, not i'll"
Sally cried exultantly, flinging her
arms about her mothers neck.
"Oh, I'm so glad I have a mother!"
Don't strangle mel" Enid
laughed. Leave me strength to
write a proposal Of marriage to this
cocksure young farmer who brags
That he is as capable in the kitchen
as on the seat of a cultivator!"
He can't cook half as we'll as I
can!" Sally scofed. you ought to
taste one of my apple pies! He
can play nurse to his blue-ribbon
stock all he wants to, but he's got
10 let me do the cooking! And.
Mother, you'll-youU tell him how
much love him, won't you? And
and you might remind him that
we only need half a marriage cere-
mony-the last half. Wouldn't e.
The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09
FAMOUS BREWER DIES
Part Owner of Anheuser- Busch
Brewery Stricken on Street.

Brewery Stricken on Street.
julius w. Busch, 60 of 1914 N.
Alabama ST, one of the owners OF
the Anheuser-Busc brewery, died
suddenly Tuesday night at the
partment Of Miss Florence E. Miller,
81 the Betsy Ross, 1O3 E. Pratt st.
Miss Miller told police that Busch
came to her home and complained
of being stricken with illness while
walking along the street. She sum-
moned a city ambulance, but he died
before it arrived. Relatives told po-
lice that Busch had suffered before
from heart attacks. He was en-
route downtown to hear election
returns.
Beside the widow, a son, Jules ]
Busch of Kokomo, survives him.
The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09
PLEASANT RELIEF
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The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09
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IN1&OBOL0%Y,S @

to none of Enid's guests to question
his eligibility. Sally, sitting proudly
beside him, looked happily from her
mother to David, knew, that in gain
ing husband she was not losing a
mother, as she would have done If
Enid had not interrupted the writ
ing of that terrible letter.
On Tuesday Sally and David, &C
companied by Enid and Courtney
Barr went to the municipal building
for the marriage license, and the
afternoon papers carried the news
on the front pages. under such
headlines as: Popular Deb to Mar
ry Rich Farmer" But in all the
stories there was no hint of scandal,
no reportorial prying into the past"
of the adopted daughter of the rich
and prominent Courtney Bars.
The wedding took place on
Wednesday, in the drawing-room
of the Bars Fifth Ave. mansion,
and the next morning, in his ac-
count of the very quiet" wedding, a
society editor commented: The
ceremony was read by the Rev.
Horace Greer of Garfield, -, the
choice Of celebrant being indicated
by unexplained sentiment"
What the society editor did not
know was that "the marrying par
son" Of Garfield spoke only the last
half of the marriage service, be-
ginning where he had been inter
rupted nearly three years before.
Sally and David were no longer
half married"
TEIE ENJn
The Indianapolis times., 1928-05-09
Says Stomach Fine.
Eats Anything Now
Found how to end his gas and in
digestion. Back-ache gone, too.

Friends of Victor Blanchette, 2O36
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-29
SUCCESS IN BEAUTY CULTURE
DEPENDS UPON PROPER TRAINING.

KnowedSe, skill and confidence acquired
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-29
INSTRUCTION COURSES.

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