davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1928-03-04
Astronomers Now Watch Exploded Star
Change to Nebula. Reversing Process

peared around the outer edSe Q. the
image OF the star. and has gradually
grown larger and moyc distinct. The
phenomenon Clearly indicates that The
cu,bUrSt oi the nova, and It's rapid m~
crease three years aSo ~ 10000 times
It's former erishtueSS. WAS actually an
explosion ~ the star. which blew its
caser parts away frcm the nucleus
The ring ~ neeuloSity nov Observed
Is the former outer yN,rtiN0 tscSSlaS
with y Seicc,ty " several hundred
miles - second tN,suyw ceSsr,Ss;Ss'>
will show whether sAs explosive trans
formation Will result III one NJ the
permanent and tSpsca. planetary
NSeulae. NJ which a hundred g ~ are
Known among the stars. cr MaSthcr the
feSrding atnlCN>INAe,rS Will gradually
diSSlpate tase space. leaVins the nucleus
As n typical star
The normal course ~ stellar escsU~
tson" pr. ShapIsy stated is believed
~ oc In the dIvcrttm ef c<Nnsrsstson
and tM peycepttele pgyNsrv>S, ssauUe>
billions vi wears, eue these SnSSsa'y
expansive transformations ate ~ tee
reverse >sslSeN require hut few wears
and may ee exceedingly aolNVtans III
knowledge ~ the Development ~ ee'
h,Sttal eSsitsS
(he StSeftafi<NS TFSso tire tNNNSt>ssN
~ Ia riata. which c<nfsrmeSt the NAt-
Sasd astronomers detecssSGi " the ex~
pandtag gaseous Saell asvuisd n<sVa HiS~
tor.a MAS made BY rrG Naytnsann,
0,rsssnr NJ the National Observatory eg
the Argentine hts ee>ers ats1utS wege
made VisuAiN With large ySfrastins
teieseclx< hs canled that .as angular
diameter NJ the finS Is nnW ts,e>Set~
end OF aN, nr fAfaSSeycsN,nSS' de
Seairttoa II his aeSesS aGkasS Is eSlssS
published by the observatory,
Evening star., 1928-03-04

Chief Test Pilot National Advisory Com.
n,it.ee for Aefonau'ics
Written for Science service
We" Is probably the most famous
pronoun ever known. And yet there
may be some doubt as to just what II
means Ambassador Herrick. as It's first
Interpreter. has said that 1t is the man
and the airplane.
But what a man and what an air.
plane! When you call Col. Lindbergh
simply pilot you do an obvious injus-
tice. When you consider him as pilot
Who simply drives an airplane you do
a greater injustice.
He recently finished his tour OF Cen
trail and South American countries.
The line. Col Lindbergh landed at the
airdrome at l: SO pm.." appeared In al
most every news dispatch. Behind that
line lies a great lesson In the safety
and the reliability OF the present day
airplane In capable hands.
100 Per Cent Pilot.
With We" In the air you have much
more than just pilot and an airplanc.
When Lingbergh Is In the air II does not
matter that he is the perfect ambassa =
dor. the perfect American gentleman or
Va kItF hLII Ll1ht iiC pOEAf5o'a1
he Is Ii 100 per cent pilot. You think
Of the pilot as one who takes an air
plane into the air. manipulates the
controls and brings It TO q safe landing,
SO do most pilots. Lindbergh's abili-
Ties are far more than that.
He alone selected the equipment. as
sisted In It's design. It's construction and
aasemblage OF his airpiane. He knew
more about that airplanc than any one
| on earth. probably more than any one
man ever knew OF any modern aifplane.
| He alone has ever flown II. Having seen
IL built and tested with complete salts
| faction tO himself, with It's mission ~
| view he completed the FIRST big JOB,
one which II he had gone no further.
but had turned H. over 10 some othei
| pilot 10 carry on with. would have Dreii
| worthy OF your consideration an mas"
terful job lie there completed the flrsl
| important step 10 permit his LANDING
at 50 pm" on the schedule 10 the
| minute
| Ills mechanical plotting has been
masterfui with the eyes OF the world
On him he has never placed hlniheii.
his equipment nor any 0f his public u,
/ danger
Good Navigator.
Include IN his greater abilities as il
pilot, his performance as "a navigator
Mt only did he provide himself with
the best Of nAyigati0nai equipment. but
he set htmself 10 master It's use, And
This included long and tedious study oi
! the Instruments until hs knew tneii
every part and function. H. Included u
study Of maps, courses ana great an
Gle plottingh, which took days and
ulghfs on end The day he took on
from San Diego on his Trip east he was
probably the most completely equipped
air navigator who ever took lie ali
He is that, ana more, now. Aud ia
that add that he has also that some
ihing that W0ndsmen sometimes have
that ability ~ sense direction. that
h0ning pigeon Instinct
lie Is entirely different from most Al
Evening star., 1928-03-04
FLOOD CONTROL AMENDMENT
HELD VITAL FOR PROTECTION
Only Such Measure Would Make Fair Solution Pos
sil,le, Say American Engneers-Cite Present
Limit of Constitution.

cost thereof to be borne by the National
Government. :,
Before any general plan OF flood
protection and river improvement Is
adopted. and before the National Gov
crnment commits itself 10 policy OF
financial responsibility for Hood con-
troll a thorough economic survey
should be made OF the conditions. needs
and resources Of the flood affected re-
sions, TO furnish a basis for the diStri-
buttons of cost and n decision OF the
nature and extent OF the improvement
justified.
The work Of topographic mapping
provided for In the Temple act should
be pushed aS rapidly AS possible
throughout the Mississippi basin. and
/. necessary To accomplishment of the
complete mapping of the fiood-atfected
area In the immediate future, more
liberal terms should be offered the
States In that area TO secure their CO.
operation,
ANY hydraulic or other laboratories
to be established in connection with the
solution of flood or other hydraulic
problems should be under the contro.
and management Of research scientists
with conditions insuring continuity OF
effort through long periods OF years
and not subject To the changes due 10
rotation In office or frequent modltica-
,ions of policy,
Calls for Complete Study.
Every remote possibility for the con-
troll OF the mississippi should be ex-
amined until Its feasibility has been
determined or It's consideration el!m-
mated,
There Is no evidence tending to
place responsibility On The States whose
waters are tributary to the mississippi
iiiVct system for adding Ia or affecting
meaSnrably the magnitudes or extent OF
floods beyond those naturally existent
"keforestntion as generally under
stood Is not "A practicable method Of
dealing with flood conditions on the
Mississippi River, but the destruction or
removal of vegetable cover In regions
subject To erosion has Increased the
sediment carried hy the streams drain-
Ing them, and. therefore. the eultiya-
ton of vegetable cover. or other meth
ods OF erosion control In such regions
may be factor worthy OF considera-
tton IA Incidental 10 the ultimate solu~
ton of the Mississippi food problem
Storage reservoirs on the remote
hcad"waters of tributary streams have
too limited an effect upon the floods OF
the Mississippi River to justify their
Inclusion In the hoad-piotectian pro-
gram Tor that river,
The adoption of any speeif,e plans
tat diversion channels should wait upon
far more complete studies M the areas
involved and ot the probable effects of
such diversions"
Other members " the committee are
haNter l.. Brown. st, iouis, JOHN II
Freeman, Providence, II, l., past pteat~
dent ot the American Society ot clvtl
Engineers, Arthur u Mosean, president
of Antioch College, yellow springs
ohio.
Evening star., 1928-03-04

A star that exploded. and Is now
changing 10 a nebula. In reverse OF
the usual process Of stellar evolution.
Is the rare spectacle being observed
ut the branch station OF the Harvard
College Observatory at Bloemtonseln.
South Africa This unconventional
b>havior ot nova pictoriS. as the star
Is called. was discovered by DIR, J. =,
ParaSkevopouloS. who Is In charge of
the branch station. DIR, Harlow Shap~
ley director of the observatory. an
nouneed to-day through Science Service,
Condemnation ot the discovery has lust
heen received from the Observatory ot
La Plata, In Argentina
Until the Spring of 1923 this star
WAS too faint ~ he seen with the
unaiaed eye, Then II suddenly rafed
,,p aS n nova. or new star" and
was discovered by r. Watson, a South
African amateur astronomer, The star
iS IN the eonteilatim rkter, the
painter. group not visible from
Northern latttudeS.
The evolution ot stars" ny. Shapley
explained, rs generally thought to he
In the direction from neeula to star
hut III this instance. and IN two or
three others, the transformation Is In
the opposite direction, and, aStro~
nomtcalN speaking js very rapid All
ot these reversed eases are associated
with the so"eallea novae, w new stars.
Examination Of earlier plates In
the great collection at the Harvard
Observatory. III Camerhise. where
the Southern photographs are sserea,
showed that heieIe It's outourSt u had
heen cf the twelfth magnitude. and
astronomers believe that II will gtad-
nallH return te that same deSsee vt
tamtncss
"nr, paraskeyopeatas' discovery MAS
based on rhatessaphs of The star,
made Angey various conditions With
the rapid photographic te,eSvcpss
which he has fecsntlv transferred ttxMn
the former Harvard station In Peru
tn the new site In South Atrira A
iins ~ she'll et nehu.eus matte, ap>
Evening star., 1928-03-04
CALLED EXAMPLE
OF EFFICIENCY In AVIATOR
Flyers Reliability i'm Arriving Scheduled Time
Viewed as Great Lesson i'm Safety
of Present Day Planes.

an operator of an engine. Having Sc
lected and learned his engine. he fur
ther learned Its limitations. In operation
h" learned exactly the amount OF fuel
that was being consumed under any
given condition: he has attuned himself
, To It's every move and beat When he
takes Oft his engine Is right and he
knows IT, When he lands he knows
what. If anything, requires attention
and 1t Is done.
LindberRhs airplanc Is many things
In one. The design Is adapted to a
certain purpose. In 1t are blended all
the qualities to make II suitable To the
purpose II Is efficient In the carrying
of great loads to a high degree. It's
maneuverability and controllability are
good II criticism of It's visibility-~that
is. the view OF the pilot-~may be we'll
founded. at least 1t is satisfactory to
the pilot With It's light weight that
has allowed It's use for the flights that
II has accomplished. Il Is a rugged little
ship. with no hint of failure or wearing
out.
Heart Of Structure.
The engine Is the heart OF the whole
, structure. The one IN the Spirit OF St.
Louis Is obviously Il very good one. Few
| engines have flown over 10000 miles,
over 400 hours. without more than
ordinary attention and without sign
| OF letting down,
| II Is almost beyond conception how
many things go to make up an engine;
not how many nuts and bolts. connect
| ing rods and pistons. but the inde-
pendent accessories involved In the
assembly Of an engine,
The things that make engines stop
are beyond mere bolts and nuts. The
mngnetos may become grounded. the
switch may do the same thing The
| fuel pump may wrench It's shaft loose
and fail. The fuel lines may break
from the vibration and pressure. The
| fuel strainer may become clogged. AS
may the lines from the tanks, The
! same things that happen To the fuel
| lines. tanks and pumps can happen to
The oil system, The control throttles
may become loose from vibration or fail
| 10 operate And there are other things
or course, the most prevalent cause ut
| failure, overheating from loss Of water
or other CAUSES IN II water cooled engine
are not prehent In this air~couled engine
But none Of these things have hap
pcned. not because they do not now
| adays. but because they have been care
fully guarded against by the designer
he manufactures. and last and not least
| by the pilot himself
| 80 when you BEE that Col I.indbereh
| landed at 30 pm" you should know
| that he planned to step out OF Ills ma
| chine at Z O'Clock, To maintain such
schedule there II required the CO.
nfdinated factors that are present ~
Col, Llndbrrgh and the Spirit of 81
Louis. we" IN u crowd
Evening star., 1928-03-04
BY BEN McKELWAY.

q 4,
II ing first on one foot and then on an
other. are grouped around frame
L i structure erected as commissary by the
United Mine Workers Of America. In
the background are rows of unpanted wooden
barracks. where the families of these idle men,
their women and their children, living in
and squalor Of poverty. Draped across one side
of the union commissary is weather. stained
sign. reading: Those That Strike With Us Strike
for Freedom"
That is one side OF the picture
Sitting In an upholstered chair In richly fur
nished room Of a luxurious hotel Is man who
fulfills IN every way the qualifications OF
gentleman He Is a prominent lawyer. man
work. polished, intelligent and the executive
head of great coal corporation You under.
stand. gentlemen he is telling committee OF
the United States Senate. that I am an office
man. am responsible to my board OF directors
and the stockholders who have invested their
money In this enterprise and who are entitled
We have tried to deal with these union men:
and are through. Now We are mining coal
and selling all We mine. We offer employment
to those who want work. There Is plenty of
work for them"
That is another side of the picture.
In room, perhaps by 8 feet. filled with
that go to make home sits Joe Lubreski, tell
ing his story: so they come an say to me. Joe,
you get outta here the 18TH and ! say. All
right. I get out Tree days before the 18th
am sick on my back, and mex day the woman
get sick: but come along the 18th, and we get
out Just the same and comma here. NO neat;
no stove. no food. no nothing. and me sick and
TIL, woman sick. Tree days later the woman
die" And Joe begins to cry
That is another side of the picture.
The head OF another great coal company Is
talking "Gcntlemen. We didn't cvict these people
from their homes. The barracks you have seen
arc not typical of all the mines. There are
none here. for instance. When we began work
ing our mines non union we invited employees
IN rcto hai md M
poyment Those who chose to move We moved
at our own expense wherever they wanted to go
Ten per cent Of the union miners who occupied
our homes are still living In them"
That Is another side of the picture
tired mine superintendent Is trying to listen
through one ear to a violent mixture Of Italian
spectful miner who charges that somebody has
stolen. and received credit for all the coal he
mined that day. Through the other ear he is
hearing the request OF Senate committee to
produce his pay roll. He pacides the miner and
brings out the pay roll
Money Miners Received.
Now let us have" Senator says, the amount
paid miners for the last two weeks after deduct
ing their Indebtedness 10 the COMPANY"
The pay roll Is read as follows:
Deductions. Net (paid miner).
S35.74 $476
29.9l AIS
5000 .....
1927 4l0
2438 $40
1880 $50
c653 1900
1911 .....
ll05 2sl0
6l sos
3056 .
1921 1000
$50 49l0
1881 los
II Is explained that deductions are for board
rent and other supplies drawn from the company.
Evening star., 1928-03-04
All Of Same Iinre.

! ,an, iha New Orleans Times fieaiuns
'hcience II trying Ia ma out why
While they are investigating they might
also attempt Ia learn why all poiitie
clans appear io have been run through
The same bullet mold
Evening star., 1928-03-04

An amendment to the Federal Con-
stitution making possible effective mea-
sures OF food control Is urged In the
report. given out at the national
HEADQUARTERS OF the American Engi-
neering Council here. prepared by the
councils Mississippi River flood conf
mittee.
1T Is the opinion OF this committee.
the report declares. that the authority
of the general Government to deal with
such questions rs are involved In the
Mississippi River problem should no
longer hang upon such slender threads
as the general welfare clause or the
regulation OF commerce clause OF the
Constitution, but that the Constitu-
ton of these United States should be
amended to confer upon the general
Government the authority to control
and administer the national waters and
to assess damages and allocate Dement'S
and costs IN connection Herewith.
II, Is our further opinion that only
by the procedure which such an amend
ment, followed by the passage of
Federal water control law, would make
possible can an equitable or justiiable
distribution or allocat.on Of the costs
of river improvement and food pro-
lection be assured
Asks River Commission.
The committee. headed by Gardner
s. williams of Ann Arbor. Mich. vice
president of the council. recommends
The appointment Of Mississippi River
conservancy board as well as n thorough
economic survey by the United States
Government.
"The data now available" the report
asserts, are altogether insufficient In
warrant the laying out Of q permanent
plan OF flood protection for the Mis-
tlsAtppl Valley. and the cost of such pro-
lection as IL now recommended may
exceed that suggested by the Mississippi
River Commission by al least as much
an the estimates ot that body exceed
those Of tho chief of engineers.
"'rhc solution of the Mississippi River
problem and the administration of the
measures adopted for river control
should be placed In the hands Of
Mississippi River conservatory board. to
oonsis. ot five or seven members to he
appointed by the President from among
the most eminent hydraulic engineers
whose aervlcea may he obtained, the
members Of the said board 10 hold once
for limited terms To- be appointed In
rotation, each to receive necessary en-
penses and reasonable compensation for
such portion Of their time A. may he
necessary to conduct the work of the
board. they to have authority to appoint
a chief engineer ana provide Tor the
appointment Of such assistants as may
lbs needed To carry On the work assigned
% a. m
Aetion Needed Nav.
Immediate steps should be taken IN
repair damage 10 nreaent constructions
and do auch further work as may he
urgently necessary IN the Judgment of
tlle above named hoard ana which viii
Evening star., 1928-03-04
BL FRANK II. SIMONDS.

IN ERLIN.--Just after the Dawes
- Plan was put into operation and
long before Locarno. l made my
. first postwar visit to Germany
Evening star., 1928-03-04
Things Lett l'n,lone.

k4Am tAv MssteR FgAhSeF4pt
Charles kvanS Hughes receives saa
shankS ct the aeNernNeat tor his wtdk
al havana And nAt htsls sf tAs
eredit due him ls eecsu>s rt the things
that might have eeen eut weFs tegy
llsgNAS,
Evening star., 1928-03-04
BY THOMAS CARROLL,

lief Test Pilot National Advisory Com.
mt.ee for Aeronau'iCs.
Written Tor s.tence SerxIce.
The Washington times., 1928-12-26
Deserted After Dance and a
Kiss, Lessing Brands Girl
Cheap Flirt in His
Bitterness
Bitterness

scouting around, asking everybody
to sort of account for themselves.
Course, know you. Mr.. LesginE,
but He Ilesitated meaninRlv-
The girls face was no longer
averted. She was looking. sznil.
ingly. into the eyes Of the detec-
tive, which eyes promptly lighted
with a proper appreciation ok
beauty.
I'm Miss Leaning. Mary Lean
ing, she said. Mr.. Lessing
Before he knew 1t, Leasing had
spoken to the detective,
''Of course, Miss Leaning" His
laugh was 80 forced that he won
dered its holIowness did not inn
mediately bring albout the girls
arrest. You'd hardly-er Miss
Leaning"
Much obliged" said the detec-
tive. But IL you happen to see
anyone that looks suspicious
hear Of anyone that no one seems
to know-grab her, will your
"Why-yes-I'll grab her. said
Lessing.
The detective moved purpose
fully on. Lessing. watching him,
saw him accost the couple at the
next table. He turned to the girl.
"Sit down he said hoarsely.
Before his expression she seemed
almost alarmed; she sat down.
Miss Leaning" he jeered.
Miss Mary Leaning Miss Molly
Kennedy! Hand them over.
"Hand what over?" she asked.
"Good God. don't argue with
me- he whispered fiercely. The
necklaces, the other Jewelry--"
IT haven't them. You must be
mad" she said.
You're mad" he told her. To
think that I'll debate the matter.
Tn doing enough when I'm CIV
ing you the chance to get away"
you'll do that?' she asked.
"IlI pay for Nthe kiss you gave
me-" he said.
And how will you explain
having the jewelry?'' she asked.
Reluctantly. he felt admiration
for her. She was low-hadn't she
proved It at the Casino tonight
She was a thief, but she had
courage. 1t almost seemed that
there was merriment in her voice.
t'I'1I drop it on the grass. LII
saw I found it. Certainly and
his sneer was patent, tthey won't
think that t."
Heroic, |" she jibed. "Gentlenan
aids girl crook to escape. I can
almost read thu headlines. But,
unfortunately for romance. Mr..
L,essing, / haven't the jewelry.
who has them?' he asked.
"Whom did you pass them TOT
Good Lord, you can't delay--Mrs.
Carey win see you-you'n be. ar
rested" IL
Il haven't them" /" she said.
He glanced wildly about him.
This was a .stubbornness that was
unexpected, that could not be
battled. Toward them was coming
the detective, and there was some
thing resolute, menacing in his
stride.
wait here" he said.
He rose and advanced to meet
the oncoming detective.
What lies ahead for LessingI
Read 'aNO Stockings in this news
paper tomorrow.
The Washington times., 1928-12-26

you in the Casino, on the public
beach"
rs there anything wrong in
going to the public beach?" she
countered.
Wrong? No, nothing wrong.
.But-strange. you'll admit.
Whats strange. about it? Was
there anything strange in your
being there?" she asked.
mice girls don't pick up
strange men," He shifted his at.
tack.
Mice men don't pick up
strange girls" she Knocked.
Mice girls don't kiss men the
first time they meet them" he
charged
Most men,, she retorted,
would not question the goods
the gods provide. Is that quota
ton correct?"
There are six detectives on
the Carey grounds tonight" he
Her eyes widened. "Are you
one of them?'
I'm a house-guest of the
Careys" he stiffly replied. Ny
name is Ralph Lessing."
She laughed .scornfully. And /
suppose you want me to believe
that Carey house-guest spent
the first half of the evening at
the Casino. when there was a din
ner-dance here"
''And / suppose you want me to
believe that a girl invited to the
The Washington times., 1928-12-26

II shall be in New York in a
few days, and I'll tell you every.
thing them Madge promised.
"It isn't anything I can talk
of over the wire"
She returned to Martha and
explained what Frances had said.
II can't understand Frances
not getting my letter." Madge
said thoughtfully. But that's
not so strange as that Michael
should know where l am. You
know, Martha. / have only been
married to a very rich man for
such a very little while, and yet
] have learned that wealth sends
out-oh, sort Of golden tentacles!
They know everything ="
Madge hardly slept that night,
She was restless. and try as she
might. she could not keep her
thoughts from Michael.
Before she had had no hope.
She had known that Michaeps
pride of name and position, his
stern code of ethics would make
III impossible for him to forgive
her. She had known it. She had
not deluded herself by false hopes.
Yet so complex is the human mind
that now she fclt 1t all the more
keenly after her telephone conVer-
sation with Frances.
Michael. then, had known her
address. The rich were informed
of everything by some mysterious
means. And he had kept a cold
and forbidding silence far more
merciless than any tired against
her 1t was as though Michael had
said to her: Let your conscience
judge you.'
She knew that pride and his
sense of honor would make for
giveness impossible, but now that
rne was aware that he could have
communicated with her, she real
lied that his love, too. was dead.
Nothing, then remained.
But she would not stay on. She
would go To New York and seek
Frances advice. She began to
calculate how much money she
sssz 81. . .-.- e-4 1s+-s