davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1928-05-23

I you not" he said at last, "that your
fathers lawyer told you he could
not account for the money that
was raised on yoT Glen Cove es-
tate?"
Virginia nodded.
"Well, / can tell you what became
of it," he went on, talking fast
Your father lost it in a bootleg
ging deal"
At this amazing statement some
thing seemed to break through the
thralldom in which Virginia was
held.
That's not true" she exclaimed
fervently. my father wouldn t
have had anything to do with boot
Logging"
Dean smiled Wryly.
"Bootlegging is not so bad, my
dear" he said pleasantly. In fact.
it's a thrilling business. I know,
because 1 was in it with your
tather-at his invitation, I might
add"
CO yOd CAPCSV iAiC w bNAACbS
your" Virginia challenged.
Il shall prove it to you. But II
isn't merely to tell you that your
father engaged in a rum-running
venture that I asked you to listeA
to me-"
Virginia pulled herself erect in
the big chair. If you intend hold
ing such a ridiculous charge as
that over my head to make me lis
ten to your insulting proposals you
are making mistake" she stormed
hotly. mo one would believe
you any more than I dol"
Il do not imagine we will have
occasion to test the faith of the
world at large" Dean remarked
soberly. 81 expect your loyalty to
Your father to save his memory
from SANDER"
Vlrginia'S lips curled in contempt.
Say what you like. Fathers friends
will never believe you"
That is not the point. I, myself.
should not care to advertise my
little adventure to the public, but
the fact that your father cheated
me is another matter"
"Oh," Virginia cried, sharply.
"how can you say such a thing
about the man who was your
closest friend?"
Because it happens to be true;
and the fact that he was. as you
say, my closest friend, is what
makes it all the more bitter to me. :"
Virginia made a move to get out
of the chair. Il won't listen to you
any longer" she declared through
trembling lips.
In that case I shall have to ad-
nit that I've underestimate your
loyalty" Dean assured her. Il
thought you would prefer to clear
your fathers name. You can do
that by consenting to become my
wife" he added abruptly.
But I don't believe what you
say; you're just trying to trap mel"
Dean turned to his desk. Wait, 3"
he said CURLY, and opened drawer
from which he quickly drew out
two envelopes. One he handed to
Virginia.
open it." he directed shortly.
She drew a folded sheet from the
envelope and spread it open The
handwriting was her fathers.
Read it." he ordered.
Virginia wet her lips with the
tip of her tongue and began to
read:
Dear Frederick:
The failure of our first venture
in B. l.. was an overwhelming
blow to me, but 1 shall not give
up.
AS you know, 7 raised the bet
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
GIRL RESERVE NOTES
BY Dorothy Morfard

The Girl Reserves held their annual
election at one of the last meetings.
The old officers: President, Sadie
Angle, Vice President, Dorothy Nor
ford, Secretary, Elizabeth Angle, Trea-
surer, Rene Belle Angle, were displac-
ed by the new officers. President
Dorothy Morford, Vice Presidenr
Nellie Hammer, Secretary, Virginia
Kincaid, and Treasurer, Rena Belle
Angle.
The Girls plan to have their Moth
ers & Daughters Banquet Wednesday
evening some night next week at
the home of Virginia Kincaid. Two Of
the All Club girls, Josephine West
ling and Elaine Coleman, will serve.
This is the first affair of this kind
planned by the Girl Reserves and thew
are all working hard to make it a
success.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
The News i'm HanfOrd
by Mrs. Norman Anglin)

Mrs. Mary Botsford OF East Han
ford passed away Friday, July 81, at
the Lynn hospital in Kennewick. She
had been i'll with Bright's disease and
heart trouble at the home of her
daughter, Mrs. Bert Wnrtz, for the
PAST month and was taken to the
hospital on Wednesday. Mrs. Bots
ford was rs years Old She is sur
viyed by two children, Mrs. Bert
Wurtz of East Hartford and Rodney
Botsford, living in Utah The funeral
services were held in Ethiopia, Sat-
urday.
Miss ElizabIsth Grant has been
confined to her home for over a week
with very serious attack of peri
toni:is but is getting along as well
as is possible.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Devin and
son, Morris, of Apache, Oklahoma,
Rave been visiting Mr.. Devin's sister
and brother, Mrs. Alice Langford
and DR.. Devin. They left Wednes-
day for a visit at several places on
the Coast but expect to return TO
Hanford before going home.
Mrs. mcdonnell gave the Christ
ian Endeavor very interesting talk
on Mexico last Sunday evening. Hav-
ing lived in Mexico a number Of
years, Mrs. mcdonnell was able to
give a very accurate, altho brief,
history of Mexican people and their
struggles. Every one felt that they
could have greater understanding Of
the country when reading Anything
about it after hearing Mrs. Mac
Donelps talk. @
Mr.. and Mrs. Dewitt Buckholdt
took their little daughter, Annetta, to
st. Elizabeths hospital in Yakima last
week, where she underwent tonsil
and adenoid operation. They were ac-
companied by Mrs. Stephenson Of
White Bluffs.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
EXPERT MAKES SURVEY
Continued from page one

] pecially for broilers, have greatly inn
proved. While the case eggs in
storage in the United States are
slightly higher on July first than the
five-year average, they were 5.3 per
cent lower than the supplies on hand
one year ago and slightly lower than
June, 1927. On the other hand, re-
ceipts of Pacific Coast eggs in New
York City were an exception to the
rest of the country as their shipments
increased about AS per cent over
1927. Generally, the quality of eggs
arriving at markets is running off and
fancy stock is in good demand with
premiums available.
!. Fresh dressed poultry has been firm
in price with arrivals light.
Broilers have been in active demand
! in the East and dealers have shown
disposition to store any accumula-
tons. Stocks of frozen poultry on hand
in the United States on July first were
3S,132, 100 pounds compared to 5O,C64,-
GOO pounds one year ago.
While poultry feed has been high
during the past season, some relief is
expected from this quarter. This, cou-
pied with better prices, gives the
pcultrynen a brighter outlook for the
coming year.
HOGS
The hog industry has Just passed
through low priced yea. and iniica-
items point to some improve dur
ing the coming season Already it has
been noted by prices on July IS of this
year that quotations of prime light
hogs on Washington markets were
over cent pound above those of a
year ago.
Pork has been one of the lowest
priced meats during the past year and
apparently consumers have availed
themselves of this opportunity to buy
A decrease of about 7 per cent in
the ST, ing pig crop of 1928 from that
OF 1927 in the United States as
whole was shown by the pig survey
Of the Department of Agriculture. A
decrease in the coming fall crop Of pigs
is also indicated. The decrease in the
spring crop means drop Of 100000
head of pigs for the United States,
which will undoubtedly cause low
ering Of the ,narketings this fall and
winter.
Hogs usually reach the yearly peak
price in August and begin to drop
early in September when narketings
become mole general. Many farmers
take advantage of this peak to market
a part Of their e--ly litters at that
time.
1t is thought by many observers
that price cycles in hogs can practically
be eliminated. Prices are affected by
the variation in supply more than from
other causes. This is one factor or in
tlucnce that farmers can control and
deserves much study on their part.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
St. Paul's Evangelical
Lutheran Church


Sunday, August 5tll, the Lutheran
congregation will celebrate its annual
Mission festival with two services. The
morning service will begin at 10
o'clock Rev. r. Fenske of Ellens-
burg will occupy the pulpit and have a
sermon appropriate for the occasion.
after services the congregation will
go to the Gruenhagen home, where
during the noon hour the ladies will
serve lunch, and all can enjoy a So
cial hour. The afternoon service will
begin on the Gruenhagen lawn at 2:3o
at which Rev. r. Fenske will again be
the speaker. Offerings for missions
mill be taken at both services.
Everybody is cordially invited.
Rev. L. c. Krug, Pastor.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

Mrs Harriet Hastings OF East Han
ford visited at the home of Miss Anna
R. Knaub at Vernita for few days
last week.
Master Freddie Reinhardt visited in
Wenatchee Tuesday and Wednesday
going up with 81 Van Ordstrand, who
is hauling vegetables and melons to
Wenatchee.
E. r. Griner, ]. w. Fenlsy and
]. A. Fenley were in Yakima on
business Friday of last week.
Lester Jones and family were in
Hanford Saturday and Sunday. They
moved their household goods to En-
tiat, where Lester has position in a
garage.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Clark and
family and ]. M. Clark spent Sunday
IN Prosser with relatives.
Mrs. A. ]. Purdy went to Yakima
last week to receive medical treat
,nent for goiter, at St. Elizabeth
hospital.
Mr.. and Mrs. Egar McConnachie
are in Hanford for a couple Of
weeks visiting relatives and friends.
They have been living for some time
in Bel1ingham, where Mr.. Nc
Connachie has the management of the
Maytag agency.
Miss Marie Nichols returned
home Wednesday from an extended
visit in the East. While there she
visited in New Britain and Hart
ford, Connecticut, and also in. New
York. On her way home she Wis
tied her brother Beverly at Mil
waukee, and her cousin, Miss Joy
Soulin, at Phillips, Wisconsin.
Marie and Joy were the first grad
yates of the Hanford high school.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
NOTICE OF SALE
OF STATE LANDS

| Z
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN
That on Tuesday, the 18th day of Sept.
| emner, 1928, commencing at ten o.:
clock in the forenoon of said day, ir
front OF the main entrance door to the
County Cou'-t House in the city ol
Frosser, county of Benton, State o.
Washington, by the County Audito,
ct said county, the following -dsscrib
ed state lands together with the i'm
( rrcvements situated thereon will b.
sold at public auction to the highes
bidder therefor, to-wit:
NOTE:-No one except citizens O
the United States, Or persons who
have declared their intention to be.
come such, can purchase state lands
Application No. 1882
NEM of .NE14 of section Is, town
ship 10 north, range "a east, w. M.
containing 40 acres, more or less, &C
ccrding to the government survey
thereof, appraised at $4,000.
Said lands will be sold for not less
than the appraised va:ue above stated
and upon the terms and conditions
following:
Not less than one-tenth of the pur-
chase price must be paid at the tine of
sale. The purchaser, if he be not
the owner Of the improvements, must
forthwith pay to the officer making
the sale the full amount of the APP
praised value of the improvements, as
qkNyya cta%oI n-,o oc
chase price must be paid annually
thereafter with interest on ali de-
ferred payments at the rate OF SIX
per centum per annum: Provided, That
any purchaser may make full payment
OF principal, interest and statutory fees
at any time and obtain deed. The pl1r-
chaser of land containing timber or
other valuable materials is prohibited
Ey law from cutting or removing
any such timber or materials without
first obtaining consent of the Com
missioner of Public Lands or the
board, until the full amount of the
purchase price has been paid and deed
issued.
All sales of state lands are made
subject to the reservations of oils,
gases, coal, ores, minerals and fossils of
every name. kind and description. and
to the additional terms and conditions
prescribed in section 3 Of chapter 256
of the Laws Of 1907.
Said land will be sold subject to the
terms, conditions and reservations OF
chapter 100 Of the Session Laws OF
1911, relating to easements for rights
of-way and the carrying of timber,
stone, minerals and other products
over the same.
CLARK v. SAVIDGE
Comnis.i .nsr of Public Land;
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
NOTICE OF sHER1FFs SAFE
UNDER FORECLOSURE or
MORTGAGE


RG 7,5l NITzscHE AND LET
Lila 1l.. NlTZSCHE, Husband and
wife, PLAINTIFFS, VS.. THoM-
AS e. GREWELL (whose name
is also by him written Clata Grs
Welll, and N. A. GREWELI' Hive
Daad and Wife, DEFENDANTS
y AND BY VIRTUE on
An AZ ORDER OF SALE AND DE.
SkEE OF FORECLOSURE Issued
out OF the Superior Court Of ,Renton
aonnty, State of Washington on tha
1oth day OF July, A. D. 1929 +, 49,
a aI. entitled cause, wherein Pohar+
lsltzscile and Letitia Nitzsche ~
ABOVE named plaintiffs ohta;,ad
Judgment and decree against Thor,ss
y. Grewell (whose rame Is alec 'l a.,
nun written Clate Grewell9 and II
a. q Grewell, husband and wife d.
,,tanaddants.. on the 3rd dav Of 1,,1,,
1923 which said decree was -, 'u 10y
Ith day Of July, 1928 recordad
n Journal Is of the records Of said
court at page 554, 1 am commandaJ
to sell all that certain lot niece ~
parcel Of land, situate in said Sor,, ~
u Benton, State of Washinton. and
wit: Ae,1lo"s' TO-
The East one-half (EH) Of the
northwest one quarter lNWM1
., section numbered Twelve (121
~ R1cwnship numbered Thirteen az,
North OF Range numbered Twenl
~ six (26) East of Willamet+a
MERIDIAN aer and containing EIGHTY
leol acres more or less of land
according to the Governments err
vey thereof ' su'
NOTICE rs HEREBY GIVEN
that on Saturday, the 2stb d., AN ~
"a august, 1928, at eleven o'clock i
"a .he forenoon of said day, in front of
en- e4s courthouse of Benton County
state of Washington, in the civ ~
rrosser, will, in obedience "a s,;d
oroer OF sale and decree Of forec1os
ure, sell the above described property
y. 30 much thereof as may be neces-
saiy TO satisfy plaintiffs judgment
WITH interest thereon, and costs =,
cluolng attorneys fees and taxes Will,
interest thereon, and accrued cocts
to. the highest and best b;ddar ~os ss.,
e c, IN lawful money of the United
States of America. 1'e''
dated this 21st day of July. 1929
JAMES. SHEPHERD
Sheriff,
Ii. Deputy
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
NOTICE 70 cfrnrrcps

lii lie superior COHrt vi ne UtaiG
OF Washington In And For
Benton County
IN THE MATTER OF THE
ESTATE OF CARL ROBERT
KNOLL, DECEASED.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN
by the undersigned executrix of the
last will and testament of Carl Ro-
bert Knoll, deceased, to the creditors
and all persons having claims against
said deceased, that the undersigned
has been appointed and has qualifi-
ed as executrix of said last will and
testament, according to law, and all
persons having claims against said
deceased, and all creditors of said
deceased, are required to serve their
claims on the undersigned executrix
by delivering to and leaving
with the undersigned attorney
OF record for said executrix, at his
office in White Bluffs, Benton
County, Washington, statement of
said respective claims, duly verified.
and filing same with the clerk of
the above entitled court, together
with proof of such service. within
SIX 81 months after the date Of the
Nst publication of this notice. to-wit,
WITHIN six months after the 9th day
OF July, 1928, or said claims shall
be forever barred.
ANNA KATRINA KNOLL
Executrix of the last will and testa-
naent Of Carl Robert Knoll, de-
ceased.
JAMES COLLINS LLOYD
Attorney for executrix. 2
First Bank Bldg, !
White Bluffs, Washington.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
COMMUNITY PRESBYTERIAN
CHURCH

Rev. and Mrs. T. J. Gray left We'd
r'esday morning in their car for Mel
son, B. c., to enjoy months vac
alton. During Rev. Gray's absence
there will be Sunday School but no
preaching services in the Presbyterian
churches in White Bluffs or Hanford.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

LaWses,ce Dewitt OF Arlington is
helping his uncle, E. E. Meeker,
with the harvest on the Meeker ranch
at Cold Greek.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. v. Denney and
family Of Settle were guests at the
Brown home at Cold Creek on Wen
nesday OF last week.
Brown Brothers have finished the
early spud harvest on their ranch
at Cold Creek. The tract seeded
r this crop yielded IL car loads.
A. E. Rhinehart was business
visitor in Wenatchee last. week, driv-
ing up "Wednesday and returning
Thursday. He reported the weather
in the upper country to have been
even hotter than in this valley.
Mr.. and Mrs. Wilborn Cassal of
Cold Creek left Tuesday evening for
Winthrop, Wash, where they will
visit Mr.. Cassels relatives for awhile
and where they may decide TO make
their home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Goodwin and
family left the first of the week for
Leavenworth, where they expected to
spend a month with Mrs. Goodwin's
mother. A. E. Shaw has moved onto
the Goodwin place here and will look
after it.
Mrs. Wilbur Morford and children,
Doris jean and Marian, were pass
engers out on Tuesday evenings train
for the Coast, where they will be
guests Of Mrs. Morford's aunt, Mrs.
Rohilla Phillips fer several weeks.
Harry Keller, Harry Foltz, E. J..
O'Larey, Bob Reminger and Jack
O'Larey drove over to Yakima Thurs
day afternoon of last week to see
ball game between the Yakima
Indians and the Bend, Oregon, club
and to listen to the returns of the
Tunney-Heeney fight
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Schicka and son,
Richard, drove over to Yakima last
Saturday. After a day spent in tran
sacting business, Mr.. Schicka took
his family, and, accompanied by Mrs
M. Root and children and Miss
Elizabeth Moede, drove up the Naches
river for day or two of camping
and fishing before returning home.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

William Van Hoy drove over to
Yakima last Saturday on business,
having as his passengers Mrs. Don
Burgess and Mrs. Floyd Gossard.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

will always be glad to send in
new or renewal subscriptions to the
Seattle Times or any other daily,
weekly or monthly newspaper. per-
iodical or magazine. Just pay me
the regular subscription price and
will do the rest. Will save you
time. postage and stationery. b..
j. O'Larey.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
Want Ads

800 women wanted at Sunnyside
cannery. Long run. Write today. Sum
nyside Cannery Sunnyside, Washing
ton. tic.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
TOWN ARD VALLEY news:
~HV04HN&CT~eH~ o~~ev,

Registration for the primaries closes
Aug. 81.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

Twenty countries with total area
of $4,000 square miles and cattle
population estimated as $4,000 nave
been added to the list of modified
accredited areas" in the national cam
pa;gn for the eradication OF bovine
tuberculosis, it is announced by the
United States Department OF Agricul-
,ure. These counties are scattered over
/ II States. A modified accredited
;rea'' is one in which tuberculosis has
been found to affect not more than
teone-half Of / percent of the cattle
as determined by official testing, and
in which all animals reacting to the
tuberculin test have been removed
from the herds. The establishment
and official recognition Of modified &C
credited areas have been in progress
five wears and the list has grown
until there are now SIT count1es
parts of 2 counties, and u towns 81
classified.
Mr.. and Mrs. w. M. Underkiu re-
turned to White Bluffs last Saturday
from a two months tour OF the
southwestern states which they nad e
in their car. They visited nearly all
of the interesting places and report
an unusually pleasant summer. ihey
viii make their home in White Butts
until school begins although they
may make trip or, two to the Sound.
R. E Gibbins was a visitor in
Walla Walla two days this week.
On his return Thursday he was
accompanied by Mrs. Gibbins. s sis
ter, Mrs. A E. johnson Of Wash
tucna and her four children who
will make short visit at the Glib
bins home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Denzil Mock drove
to Wal;a Wal,a today, Friday, ex-
pecting to be gone until Monday.
While there Mr.. Mock will undergo
complete physical examination. His
health for some time has not been
good and doctors advise him that he
will have to give up ra1ching and
take up lighter form of employment.
Members of the White Bluffs
Grange and their families will en-
/ JOY basket picnic dinner under
the trees near their hall Sunday.
The White Bluffs band will play a
few selections on the grounds, be-
ginning at IL a. m.
The infant daughter Of Mr.. and
Mrs. v. O. Kern died at Kenne-
wick Tuesday evening, the body
being brought to White Bluffs the
following day for interment in the
White Bluffs cemetery.
Glen Brooks. who is employed at
Wenatchee. drove down lsst Satur-
day to spend the weekend with his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs, l.. I,
Brooks. He was accompanied on
the trip by his aunt, Mrs. j. l..
Mints, a sister of Mrs. Brooks.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

FOR SALE-Good team, Weight
about 1850 pounds each. A. 4.
Hostetter. tic,
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

Robert Sutherland, accompanied by
his mother, Mrs. c. L. Sutherland.
and Miss Ida Lowe, drove down from
Cheney last Saturday and spent Sun
day in the valley visiting friends.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
1928 DATES TO REMEMBER

Urinary election, September ii
Last day for registration, August I'll
General election, November s
Last day for registration, October 1e
First day for filing Declaration for
candidacy, -. July IS
Last day for filing Declaration for
candidacy, Augusta
Legislature convenes, January IA, 1929
State Officials, term of office begins,
January Is, 1929
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

Ralph Windsor, assistant scoutmas-
ter, says there viii be no more meet
;ngs OF the Boy Scouts in White Bluffs
until the second week after schoo,
starts.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

CHURCH OF BRETHREN
Church of Brethren services will
be held in the Brick school house,
3 o'clock every Sunday afternoon.
Every one is invited.
GEORGE STRYCKER,
Pastor.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

SHOE REPAIRING discontinued
for now. c. r. Hannelnan.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03
RODEO AT ELLEMSBURG

The people of Ellensberg are rapid
" making preparations for the sixth
annual rodeo, September 9, 7 and 8.
Starting August 6 everyone in Eliens,
burg will wear ten gallon hats, loud
shirts and other cowboy regalia.
Many improvements are being MADE
in the grandstasds and special elect
rical announcing equipment has been
leased in order to carry music and
announcements to the top of the great
natural amphitheatre in which the
rodeo is held. Mable Strickland, a
Washington girl said to be the great
est cowgirl in theswor,d and the only
woman who can rope and hogtie a
steer, has agreed to perform at Ellens-
burg this year. She has played be-
fore at Penldeton and Cheyenne and
eastern shows, but this will be her
first appearance at Ellensburg.
The night pageant committee has
also arranged for the appearance OF
another celebrity, nephew OF the
famous Sitting Bull, whose warriors
were responsible for the death of
General Custer. -.
Hundreds of Indians have signified
their intention of coming to the
rodeo to appear in the night pageant
and to take part in the contests. The
Spirit of the Trail" famous historical
pageant. has been revised and made
more elaborate in order to include
many more people in the cast
Each year the attendance increases
by thousands, showing that the people
of Washington take an active interest
in the pioneer history of their own
efata
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1928-08-03

Grapevines, Asparagus, special
prices for commercial planting. Cher
ries, peaches, apricots, Siberian Elm,
Siberian Pea, Shrubbery, roses, full
lire. Plant peonies now. HOME
NURSERY. RICHLAND. WIN. tic.