Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-01-01
Continued from Third Pagel

rageous deception.
With Xeuxis (4e0.3So B. c. the art
scored such triumphs as To make ms
name the center of many pieasah
tales. His forte was realism; story
had IL that he painted grapes SO muct
like life that birds came and peckeo
at them. His rival Parrhasius was
not to be outdone. He painted scene
partly covered with curtain, ano
invited XeuNis TO come and see tht
uicture. Zeuxis came. and trying u
draw aside the curtain. tounu q
PAINTED curtain, as unreal as "'S
grapes.
Zeuxis had no timidity before ira
ditions. Believing that the ar'ist Was
worthy of his hire. and woutu h"'
necessarily be spoiled by remunera'
ton. he exhibited to the pubic nls
famous pcrtrait of Helen, ana STOOD
at the door to collect an admission
fee. The public growled. being &C
customed to receiving much for noth'
ing. and spoke of the Helen as
"The Courtesan" who revealed her
beauty only for pay. Nevef'heiesS'
,he great teacher of painting. ram
nhilus. dared to charge high prices Tor
his instruction. and refused to take
a3y pupil for less than ~ years Inc
public at last accepted the artists
valuation Of their work and pald sIea'
sums for paintinss-ot course, 10 yea
&C not 70 the painters themselves.
Already i'm the last century before
christ some ancient masterpieces
brought American prices Caesar laio
$50 .0a for two pictures by Iimohaf-
rhns and Attacus gave Slao.oe" Tor
tablet PAINTED by the artist Aristldes'
Meanwhile. science and philosophy
attn vigorous with the stimulus oI the
periclean age. produced galaxy %
-,a., names Hippocrates tisn,seo
Er1 emancipatet medicine from
priestcrsft and superstition, ana ohuet
the influence of Gorglas ana i'etffoti =
tus established it on oasis III iiiuhe
tion and carefully recorded eNf|tleice'
His knowledge of anatomy was poh'
for Greek religion forbade 'i>sSct."i''
hu, his understanding of therapfu ucs
us almost modern. Diet AM regimen
were better than drugs, he thought
Nature was the best doetor. ana IN"
.k,lIful nhvsician would seek only 10
aid her against her enemies. In ms
-propnosfikon" the great iataef ol
medicine founded diagnosti =, and IN
nis volume on Airs. Waters ana
places" he sketched the new science
~ nuhlic health. Laennec. the MOD
ern founder of auscultaiion tthe oe
termination of internal conditions ny
nercussion or the steihoscopet m"dest
~ attributed to Hippocrates the cfecl'
for his discovery.
The teacher and contemporary U
I1;nnorrates. Democritus of Absera
fASa.2so re, developed the doctrines
rf his master. Leucippus. into one ~
the most famous theories in the MS
tory Of science and philosophy. Al
sha worlsi-the world of thought as
well as the world of things-waS corr
v,osed. Democritus believed. of minute
frsrticles whose differing combinations
made the varied objects OF the uni
verse. Out of this atomic theory. de-
iightfully simplifying an incalGuiaoie
weird. Democritus drew material
istic system which has fascinated
threescore and ten generations.
1t was in the same age that Plato
gave his literary genius to the first
classic expression of an idealistic phi
aoeopIy. To Plato the world was not
n mechanical and meaningless dance
Of molecules: it was the scene nf
myriad inchoate purposes struggling
ia. come to maturity and fulfillment.
In all things some subtle possibility ot
perfection lay. and nothing could res.
10 long as its ideal exemplar was still
unrealized And ito resume so briefly
d story often told Piato's astound-
ing pupil Aristotle. facing every prob
lem. furthering every science AM
gathering together all the threads Of
philosophy with unparalleled range Of
interest and mind concluded that mat
ter and atoms were but the hUsk If
reality, hiding some persistent en-
snrxaa inNa ri ssrgenf.y fx.
psnsion and growth which came far
closer TO the soul and secret OF things
than any molecular machine. So the
long battle began between matter and
mind, between mechanism and vital
ism. for the guidance and domination
Of philosophy. While Athens died Msn
sought with desperate passion some
unreasonable view OF life. that would
give TO human existence a permanent
value i'm the scheme of things and
enable them TO look without terror
even upon triumphant death.
Alexander A. Conqueror.
Meanwhile In Macedon. the barba.
rians were preparing. Here was
new and vigorous people. unspoiied
NTH abortion or philosophy. poor
enough to be sirinous. and hardened
by a life Of tiilage. peril and simple.
ify. Ia 3ss &c. their king. Philip.
ANNEXED Thrace and founded the city
OF PhiiiDpi fwhsre Brutus and Anthony
were 10 cross swordE) in region Of
gold mines rich enough 10 yield ten
fln1es the return that now came 10
Athens from the failing silver Of I4au.
rum. Before the death OF AIexan-
der these Tbraeisn mines gave Mace
don S31 600 600 year and constituted
part OF the incGnspicnous economic
basis that underlay AIexander's me
fs0rie roma nee.
History, sai Id Renan, gives place only
~ the passionate ard the ambitious.
Philip made sure Of his place by being
both. He had learned the art Of war
under Eraninondas the Theba n leader
whose military genius had put an end
lat the hatfle u TIeuctra. 37I Be- 10
the Spartan domination Of Greece.
Ranging his soldiers In solid phaianx
10 rows deep and buttfessing them
with cavalry mounted on spirited
Macedonian steeds. he drove them like
wedges into the snsslg's lines and no
army could resist him Uefnoss henes
pied with the Athenians. in powerful
yItuepfsfise ofat9rg. IN resist absorb,
fton by Philip. while Isoerafss. in mild
and Derfect Dr0ee. Whole essays ad~
y0cating the unity Df Greece under
this new sud nas'erfnl man from the
north. Athens Dpsk the advlre Of the
orator. fought Philip ~ fhasronsa
fz5s Br.) suffered defeat and actept.
"a Mitbo1, grace the Aace0nnian yoke.
fs0cfates liked Philip AZ Goethe
Hk@6 M poie.,n, besatIsT every pflIDs.
0DheF pines for Hfits AMI every sribe
s68aises aefjon. II might hsye lts@n
materially better far Greece 10 liz
ruled by Philip If rhiitB had MOI been,
ike Napoleon. sctn"ihing IT n bar
harlan, crude. rraei and drunk With
power. In addition Itlilip drank like
Ehakfsp@aFe aud married Hike Colo
nam (aiaG II Ii. siAGA (Iintntatan q