davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1928-11-25
Is WEST POINT FLYERS
GIVEN AIR CORPS DUTY
Military Academy Graduates Com
plete Advanced School at
Kelly Field, Tex.

Fifteen graduates of the United
States Military Academy class of 1927
completed their advanced flying train
ing at the Air Corps Advanced Flying
School at Kelly Field, Tex, last week
and have been ordered to duty at the
various Air Corps stations. Officers are
not commissioned in the Air Corps until
they have actually completed their fly
ing training.
The following West Pointers COM
pleted their training last week and
have been ordered to flying duty as fol-
lows their branch of the service prior
to their Air Corps training follows their
names): Robert L. Easton, Infantry, tc
Mitchell Field, Long Island; James D
Curtis, Coast Artillery Corps; Orrin L
Grover, Coast Artillery Corps; Charles
A. Harrington, Corps of Engineers; Nei
B. Harding, Infantry, and Fay r. Up.
thegrove, Infantry, all to Selfridge
Field, Mich; George w. McGregor
Field Artillery, to Maxwell Field, Ala;
Milton NJ. Towner, Field Artillery, tc
Fort Sam Houston, Tex; Bernard C
Rose, Infantry, to Marshall Field, Kans.
Julius T. Flock, Supply Corps, to Fort
Crockett, Tex; Joseph Smith, Cavalry
to Crissy Field, Calf; and Maurice F
Daily, Field Artillery, David M. Hack.
man, Infantry, Marion Huggins, In.
fantry, and Ernest G. Schmidt, Infan-
try, all to Langley Field, Va.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
BERLIN TO FAR EAST
AIR LINE PLANNED
Lufthansa to Cut Time OF
Journey to Peking to
so Hours.

Airplane service from Berlin to tbs
Far East. either by way of Russia and
Siberia or by way of Persia and India.
cutting the time Of travel between Ber-
lin and Peking to so hours and to
Shanghai to three days, is planned for
next Spring by the German Lufthansa,
IN conjunction with the Russian Deru-
luft and Dobrolop flying organizations.
Successful flights have been made
from Berlin to Irkutsk by LufthanSa
engineers. who estimate that the 5000
miles from Berlin to Peking can be
flown in go hours, flying both day and
night. as against the II days required
by the Siberian Railroad for the Jour-
ney and the ~ days necessary for the
trip by steamer, via the Suez Canal.
Japanese Connections.
Extensions Of the proposed service to
Shanghai and Vladivostok will connect
with the Japanese air services to Toxic.
The new trans-Siberian air service is to
be flown twice weekly and q fleet Of
IL planes will be employed, operating
in relays. Each plane will carry 600
pounds Of mail and express matter and
in the Winter the ships will be equipped
with skis for landing in the snow.
Feeder air lines from the Siberian
route, southwark to Tibet, India, Turkey
and other countries are enviSaged, al
though negotiations of a highly difficult
nature are probable before this is
achieved.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
AIRPLANES AND POISON GASES
TO BAN WARS, WRIGHT BELIEVES

bring nations to the realization that
neither side dare go to war.
1T is for this reason that consider
the development of civil and commercial
aviation more important than the mill
tary branch. War is something for
which We must prepare a fighting force
to insure supremacy in the air today,
but 1t is but relatively short time be-
fore nations will come to realize that
war is too horrible to be possible, and
will turn greater attention to civil and
commercial aeronautics," Mr.. Wright
says.
The greatest barrier to the develop
ment of aviation today, in the opinion of
the inventor, is not to be found in any
weakness OF the airplane itself, but in
the obstacles Of fog and inclement
weather.
Fog Biggest Problem.
''No new achievement in the construc-
ton of the airplane itself will be as
important to the development of regular
commercial transport service as the
solution Of the fog problem. We can
not expect to establish regular transport
routes and maintain regular schedules
kinds Of weather and despite fog.
I'VE are fortunate to have such fine
young flyer as Lieut.. James Doolittle
to work on this problem of fog flying
which I consider the greatest enemy OF
the airplane today. With several COM
petent technical men working out new
aids to fog flying, Doolittle is ready to
fly in all kinds of weather to test their
instruments and beacons. When fog has
been eliminated as barrier to flying,
we can expect the industry to advance
by leaps and bounds" Mr.. Wright -
serta.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
WORK ON AIRPORT
IS BEING RUSHED
Washington Field viii Be One
of Largest When 1t Is
Completed.

Upon completion of reclamation work
on the property of the Washington Air
port, at the south end of Highway
Bridge, the field viii become one of the
largest in the vicinity of the National
Capital.
Three days ago a fleet of 90 trucks
began hauling earth from the new De-
partment of Commerce Building exca-
vation and filling in the narshy land
adjoining the field to the south. The
filling will be continued through the
Winter, in addition to the fills made
during the past Summer, and by next
Spring the airport will boast a four-way
field, with runwayS or about 1000 feet
each way.
The airport property, since flying be-
gan there less than a year ago, has
gradually been extended by filling In of
the swampy land, and today the rum
ways are approximately 1900 feet long
east and west and 1900 feet long north
and south.
Is Service Terminal.
Washington Airport now is the ter
minal for the only regularly scheduled
air passenger and express service out Of
Washington, the New Washington
Air Line, which is operated by United
States Air Transport, Inc. Ryan cabin
monoplaneS are used on the line and
daily flights are made in each direc-
ton, the northbound plane leaving here
at $3.50 am and arriving at the New
ark, N. j., Airport at IL AS am. The
southbound plane leaves Newark at 2
pm. and arrives here at AIS pm. Since
the line was inaugurated June is ap-
proximately $50 passengers have been
carried, in addition to quantity Of eX-
press matter, such as candy, women's
dresses, shoes, jewelry, motion picture
films and newspaper photographs.
Two Ryan planes are operated on the
line. A reserve plane at either end is
used for passengers flying in the vi
cinity of the airportS when not in use
on the line. At the local field, in ad-
dition to the cabin plane, three train
ing planes, two Wacos and a Challen-
ger, are used for passenger flights.
Since the opening of the local field
$4,000 passengers have been flown
without injury or damage to a plane
beyond one or two wrenched landing
gears, according to the operating fig
ures Of j. e. Boudwin, jr., former Army
pilot, and manager of the airport. On
Labor day and the preceding day, Sun
day, $50 passengers were carried on
sightseeing trips over the city.
VIII Add New Planes.
Preparations are being made for ex-
pansion of the work at the field follow
ing the extension of the runways. With
in 10 days. Boudwin said, new Waco
is to be delivered and in about month
another Ryan monoplane with Pratt
& Whitney Wasp motor will be added.
Next Spring Waco with a Wright
Whirwind motor, giving cruising speed
of 125 to 1S0 miles per hour, will be
acquired for use in delivering motion
picture films and newspaper photo
graphs. The purchase of a Ford tri-
motored transport plane is being con-
sidered for use on the New York Wash
ington route and for chartered paSSen-
ger flights, Boudwin announced.
Officers Of the airport and airline
are: Robert e. Funkhauser, president
of both organizations; Jack ReiSs, pas
senger agent; Howard Norris, assistant
agent, and Stuart Reiss. Lawrence
2abst and Richard Branson, pilots.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
De HAvILAND FACTORY
TO BE BUILT IN u. S,
Lowell, Mass, Plant to Turn Out
Moths at Rate of Six
Week.

Construction in this country Of a
manufacturing plant to produce the
famous De Haviland Moth sport plane,
which is so popular in England and in
which Lady Mary Heath and others
have established a number of records
for light planes, has been announced.
The plant will be located in Lowell,
Mass, and engineers from England,
who have been trained in the Moth
factory, will supervise the work.
Earl l.. House, who introduced the
Moth to this country, is vice president
of the corporation, which includes in
its directorate Minton M. Warren, pres
ident; Brodie G. Higley of New York,
j. A. Ritchie of New York, Thomas B.
Pratt of New York. Newell P. Weed of
New York and Kenneth r. Unger,
World War ace and former United
States air mail pilot.
The American plant will be known as
the Moth Aircraft Corporation and will
be a licensee of the De Haviland Air
craft Co., Ltd. Preliminary plans call
for production of six planes a week,
with early enlargement If the demand
warrants.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
AWATORS COMBAT
HAZARDS Of ICE
Avoidance, Rather Than
: Overcoming Peril, Seen as
Solution by Flyers.

LANGLEY FIELD, Va. R.-
Methods Of fighting the ice hazard, held
responsible by some aeronautlcal en-
gineers for 80 per cent of the transat-
lantic fight failures, are being de-
veloped principally along the lines of
avoidance rather than ways of over
coming the ice after it has formed on
the wings and fuselage of an airplane
Installation of distance ther-
mometer, with its bulb on a remote
edge of the wing, has been recon-
mended by Thomas Carroll and William
r. McAvoy, who have completed pre-
liminary study of the ice hazard to air
planes for the National Advisory Com
mittee for AeronauticS. The aviator
would then know the temperature of
the surrounding atmosphere and might
be able to avoid the combination of
conditions which force an airplane to
earth with heavy ice coating on its
wings and fuselage.
Investigation and flight experimental
ton carried on by the two scientists
disclosed that ice formed most readily
on planes when they encountered rain
or heavy fog at a temperature Of 80 to
81 degrees Fahrenheit. The airplane
flying through rain and fog under such
conditions cannot remain in the air
longer than an hour, the investigators
found, and some planes, which are
already heavily loaded, can remain in
the air but from Is to 20 minutes after
they have encountered air with high
water content and temperatures just
below freezing.
Means of prevention or removal of
the ice formations have been suggested,
and some of them tried. The complete
results of all trials will form the sub
ject of further study by scientists of the
National Advisory Committee.
The oiling or greaSing Of wings,
being the most eXpedient, has been
most frequently tried, and its efficacy
does not appear from the history of
early trials to be of any value.
The addition of chemical to the
oil or grease may be of merit, the
scientists report, but it has the obvious
disadvantage Of being messy" and
might possibly be removed to a great
extent by the scrubbing action of the
high velocity rain or Sleet.
Heating the surfaces of the wings
appears possible by piping the exhaust
through the leading edge of the wings.
This method has promise, however only
In the case of cantilever monoplanes
and other such structures having a
minimum of exposed structural parts.
Heating of the leading edge alone
might, however, result in malformation
Of the aerodynamic shape of the trail
ing edge of the wing where the ice
would form readily.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
AVIATION EXHIBIT
GIVEN WIDE SCOPE
Chicago Exposition to Cover
10-Year Period of Design
ing and Construction.

The result of 10 years experience In
the designing and construction OF air.
plane navigational equipment will be
shown at the International Aeronautical
Exhibition in Chicago, December to 8.
Approximately rs airplane and instru-
ment companies have reserved exh1bl-
tion space at the exposition buildings
and the show promises to be one Of the
largest of its kind held in this country.
One of the largest exhibits of airplane
equipment will be that of the Pioneer
Instrument Co., which will show for the
first time a new line of instruments in
uniform diameters of 234 inches. This
Standardization of equipment is de-
signed as further aid to aircraft
builders and designers in their efforts
to develop artiStically finished airplane
cabin interiors. The efforts OF manu-.
facturerS to provide the best planes
possible in points of structural assem-
bly, and navigational equipment will be
demonstrated at the exposition.
Difficulties Overcome.
The difficulties of constructing all in
Strument dials in the standard sizes
were overcome after long effort on the
part of the engineers. One Of the
hardest problems was met in preparing
a satisfactory arrangement for the
magnetic compass, which with its
floating card and new Titterington
micrometer compensation, presented
large surface, which usually had been
placed to show about 1870 degrees OF its
circumference. In the new arrange
ment, the instrument is bracketed be-
hind the panel, with only the zero read
ing surface on the card visible. over
this bull's-eye-type magn1fying glass
has been mounted flush with the instru-
ment board and small shielded elecCrlc
light inclosed behind the panel. A
mirrored glass tube and reflector throw
a mere pencil of light on the card to
show the exact reading at all times.
In this manner no other portion OF the
compass is illuminated and none OF
the light beams spread upon the board
to inconvenience the pilot.
instruments on Exhibition.
The complete set of instruments will
include air speed indicators and altl-
meters of Six-inch size, to be mounted
in the front of the cabins of transport
planes to be visible from all passenger
seats and give the passengers contin-
uous information as to height and air
speed.
Cut-away models will show the oper-
alton of the earth inductor compass,
bank and turn indicators, engine-driven
fuel pumps, fuel pressure gauges, fuel
level gauges and fuel flow meters.
The new compact instrument board
also includes a compass correction card
supported under a transparent compo-
sition surface, removal of which gives
immediate access to the correction
screws of the compensators on the pres
ent magnetic compaSses.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
NEW PLANE RADIO RECEIVER
IS LIGHTER AND MORE RUGGED

have been effected at the Signal Corps
Aircraft Radio Laboratory at Wright
Field, Ohio, and have been greatly fa-
cilitated by the action of the Air Corps
in making available as flying labora-
tory a three-motored Fokker transport
airplane," the report continues. $50 far
as known, this is the only flying labo-
ratory of its kind in existence, and by
its use the characteristics Of radio
equipment for all air uses can be tried
out practically in few hours and re-
suits obtained that would otherwise
require weeks"
The Signal Corps has developed an
improved electric signaling lamp for
communication with airplanes from the
ground in the absence Of radio equip
ment.
The Signal Corps meteorological serv-
ice has been extended to include seven
new stations on the military airways
During the year type SCRIBE radio
transmitters were installed on the air.
ways control net at the following points:
Dryden, Tex; Maria, Tex; Deming, N.
Mex: Lordsburg, N. Mex; Tucson,
Evening star., 1928-11-25
GROUND IS BROKEN
FOR HUGE HANGAR
Goodyear Company's Build
ing Will Be Largest
of Its Kind.

Ground has been broken at Akron,
Ohio, for the worlds largest hangar, to
house the construction of two $500, ,000-
cubic-foot rigid airShips for the United
States Navy, naval officials here have
been informed The first spadeful of
earth was turned this week by P. w.
Litchf1eld, president of the Goodyear
Tire & Rubber Co. and of the Goodyear
Zeppelin Corporation. which has the
contract for the dirigibles.
A brief ceremony marked the start
of work on the huge building, which
will be 1900 feet long, 325 feet wide
and 200 feet high, without any inside
pillars or supports. The hangar Is be-
ing constructed on the newly established
Akron Airport, less than a mile from
the main factories of the Goodyear
plant.
Although the Goodyear company has
maintained an aeronautics department
for the last IL years and has construct
ed more than 100 non-rigid airShipS
and one semi-rigid airship, the two
Navy dirigibles will be the first Of the
Zeppelin rigid type ever undertaken by
an American commercial concern. These
ships will be the largest aircraft ever
constructed.
The Navy dirigibles will be 785 feet
long. Five years will be required to
complete construction of the hangar
and the two ships. A minimum Of 600
men will be used in the construction
which will cost approximately $4,000. 900
for the hangar and two dirigibles. The
dirigibles not only will be larger in every
detail than any ever built, but will have
many special engineering devices ex-
pected to be of vast military Importance.
They will be able to carry airplanes,
release them and pick them up In flight
complete hangar for five planes be-
ing built into the dirigible hulls.
The Navy Department Is to construct
an operations hangar for the two air
monsters, probably on the Pacific Coast
Evening star., 1928-11-25

The Army Signal Corps has an
nounced the completion Of a new radio
receiver for airplane use that will su-
persede all the standard receivers now
In use. The announcement, made in
the annual report of Mai. Gen. George
S. Gibbs, chief signal officer, states that
the new receiver Is considerably lighter
than the old equipment, occupies less
space, Is rugged, and receives continue
Gus wave signals as well as tone modu-
lated and radio telephone.
"It is q distinct advancement, and
should contribute much to the success
of signal communications involving air.
craft" Gen. Gibbs said.
Another important contribution to
aircraft radio operation has been the
Joint development by the Signal Corps
and the Army Air Corps of double
voltage direct engine-driven generator
for use in airplanes, eliminating the
necessity of supplying dynamotor with
each radio set, and consequently saving
weight and cost and increasing the de-
pendability of operation.
"These two notable accomplishments
Evening star., 1928-11-25
AIR MISHAPS ANALYZED.
Power Plant Failures Blamed fol-
Small Percentage.

Airplane power plant failures are re-
sponsible for les sthan 20 per cent of all
airplane accidents, according to survey
recently completed by DR.. H. c. Dickin-
son of the Bureau of Standards. Less
than per cent of the accidents are due
to defects in construction Of the planes,
including faulty aerodynamical quail
ties.
Personnel failures and adverse flying
IS per cent of the accidents, he finds.
Training, experience and improved IA
cilities can greatly reduce accidents Of
this character, he believes.
Evening star., 1928-11-25

BY far the most Sensational group of meter
car bargains ever offered In this city, our
stock 09 brand new, current model Pom.
tIac Skies, with prices reduced $3.50, 10
going &C rec0rd.brealkimg speed.
Owners oe sOur.cylinder cars are buying
them for their greater smsoothness, power
and speed. Owners of other old model cars
are buying them for their modern design
and their up. 70 the minute style. Many
people who have never owned cars are buy.
inG them because they represent an 0ppor.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
TWO MORE BABY BLIMPS.
Goodyear Is Encouraged by Success
of the Puritan.

Encouraged by the success OF the
pony blinp Puritan, which visited this
city last month, and which has carried
hundreds of passengers over various
Eastern cities, the Goodyear Tire and
Rubber Co., at Akron, Ohio, is build
ing two more of these diminutive "air
yachts" The Puritan will be housed
this Winter in a municipal hangar ct
st. Petersburg, Fla.
The two new baby blimps will be 1875
feet long, 81 feet in diameter, and will
have a capacity of $4,000 cubic feet of
non-explosive helium gas. Two radial
motors will give maximum speed of
SO miles per hour and a cruising speed
Of IS miles per hour. With pilot and
three passengers they will have cruis-
, Ing range Of 600 miles without refuelin9,
Evening star., 1928-11-25
London Exhibit Planned.

An international aeronautics exhibit
will be held next year in London, ac-
cording to plans communicated to the
Department of Commerce. Mai. c. M.
Young, director of aeronautics for the
department, has been informed that the
exhibit will be held in July and will be
fully representative Of all phases OF
aeronautics."
Evening star., 1928-11-25

Ariz.; Fort Eustis, Va: March Field,
Calf, and Yuma, Ariz.
The increase in Air Corps activities,
due to the Air Corps expansion pro-
gram, Gen. Gibbs reported, has resulted
in increased demands upon the Signal
Corps for enlisted personnel required to
maintain and operate meteorological
stations along the military airways and
at newly established air fields.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
Airway Opening Progresses.

Preparations for opening of the At
lanta, Ga, to Chicago airway are going
forward rapidly, the Department of
Commerce has reported. The survey on
the EvanSville-Terr Haute section has
been completed.
Field sites on the Atlanta Nashville
section have been selected, and licensing
is under way.
Evening star., 1928-11-25
Gasoline Used
Is Chief Worry
of Mail Pilot

The popular notion that air.
mail pilots in nice weather just sit
and float along is all wrong. ac-
cording to operations reports on
the big Boeing Air Transport line
from Chicago to San Francisco.
AS in all other jobs, there are
little things cropping up to spoil
the day. For example, the per-
formance report shows Just how
much gasoline each pilot uses
each hour Imagine the embar-
rassment of a pilot looking at the
report and finding that some other
pilot. flying the same ship, used
four gallons less gas per hour!
Evening star., 1928-11-25
Planes Cause Rain
OF Fish on Meeting
Flock of Sea Gulls

SALT LAKE CITY R.-
Planes flying the air mail into
Salt Lake City recently precipi-
tated a rain of fish" from the
heavens.
One Of the planes. swooping
down from the skies to make a
landing at the airport, fright
ened a flock of sea gullS flying
across the valley with their beaks
well filled with fish. To pilots
and attendants at the airport be-
low the result could be called
nothing short of "a rain Of fish,"
Evening star., 1928-11-25

fThe tolIowing Is one Of a series Of
Press aviation editor by Orville Wright,
co-inUentor and pilot of the first poiOer-
driven heavier -thdn-air machine to make
n SHcceSsfuI diOhk.l
Evening star., 1928-11-25
ON
ANY
BODY
TYPE

tunity such 40 may never be osaereA a~nam.
And all are getting such imp0rtant aavam.
tages as beautiful, luxurious Fisher boaaes
the cross'fioW radiator-the aam0ms
C'M'R cyIlnder hea@-amA scores @ adta.
ta@nal advamcememts which have mevne
BEEN offered before &c such lew praees.
These great saxes win an be snapped up seen.
C@me In and cheese yours while they last.
Snsan dewn payment-easy m0nthay tsrmns
-your cid car taken In trade!
Evening star., 1928-11-25

J. L. JERMAN
3S42 M st. NV.
WARNER BROS. Inc.
Rosslyn, Va.
BLYTHE GARAGE
Lanham, Md.
J. M. CUE
Damascus, Nd.
Evening star., 1928-11-25

n. n. KING MOTOR CO.
sEnyIcE " = M6roR e; Ok. co.
silver Spring, Nd.
REMINGTON MOTOR co.
eARREqF Ti9lr ssHo; sMsHoo;rok co.
Peg..'Yisaltss
RsFssat tsni VI. -
Evening star., 1928-11-25

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New Britain herald., 1928-05-19
Paris Home for
 $500 Americans

Paris, May 13 (uP)-There are 3.423 Americans to whom Paris IS home"
 The police register for foreigners definitely domiciled in Paris for at least year contains S,423 American names, residents who make up the permanent colony. In addition. thaSe are a quarter Of a million American tourists and bust ness men who pass through within a year.
 The police register shows that there are people of 4s nations liv- ing in Paris. They represent one tenth of the permanent population of the city. At the same time. Paris harbors an average of 100000 tourists and foreign students all- year around.
 The Italians have the largest permanent foreign colony with H. APO, followed by the Poles. Fas- sians, Belgians. Spanish and Swiss. There are but 72 more British sub jects than American. and a few |, more Americans than Turks. There are Paristans from Iceland and Easter Island, Palestine and Haiti to make a total on the police register of 262.422.