davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

913; Douglas. 1,374,664: Breckenridge.
s48.404: Bell, SCI 300. The electoral
vote was: Lincoln, $780, Douglas, IL;
Breckenridge, 70; Bell, 80.
Voters Confront Grave Situation.
The campaign had not been so lively
as some previous contests. Every one
recognized the business as too grave for
light campaign methods The element
of a sporting event, which Is strong in
our political contests, was missing. The
election OF President had become a
grim and serious business indeed All
but the most extreme partisans made
some effort, as eXemplified by Lincoln
on the slavery question: to speak with
Judgment and moderation, and to avoid
closing the door against peaceful set
Element.
Nevertheless in the strain of events
there was no little unconscious humor,
In the Republican convention. for ex-
ample. a plank was proposed for the
platform declaring that all men are
born free and equal. Joshua Giddings
proposed il. It was solemnly voted
down as being a practical declaration
against slavery. Giddings walked out
of the convention, and George william
Curtis later proposed reconsideration,
as 1t seemed hardly wise for the party
to refuse to accept the basic statement
of the Declaration of independence,
and the plank was adopted. We see
similar episodes in the present day,
when agitators. barred from holding
public meetings. get themselves ar
rested for reading the Constitution on
a street corner as a demonstration of
their right to free speech.
Secession Movement Inaugurated.
Immediately after the election the Sc
cession movement got under way In the
South. and by February the Confederacy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14
The History of Presidential Elections
XIy-The Four.Cornered Fight of 1860.
BY FREDERIC j. HASKIN.
Author of THE American Government"

OF slavery he said: Wrong as we think
slavery is. We can yet afford to let ii
alone where it is. because that much
is due to the necessity arising from its
actual presence in the Nation" He
hoped TO preserve peace and the Union
The opposing forces sought means OF
consolidation. Bell authorized Jeffer-
son Davis, future President of the Con-
federacy. to offer withdrawal of the
Constitutional Union ticket If Breck-
inridge and Douglas would withdraw
and permit selection of one Democratic
ticket. Breckenridge Is said to have
agreed. but Douglas certainly refused to
deal with the boilers He declared that
even II he did withdraw. Lincoln, and
not the Democrats, would get much of
his Northern support.
Democratic Fusion Hopeless.
In a number of States the electoral
tickets were made up on fusion basis,
with agreements to support whichever
Democrat might have chance. Fusion
would not serve to win New York or
Pennsylvania and accomplished only a
division of the New Jersey electoral
vote. The Democrats also had hopes
that there would be no electoral ma
jority and the choice would go to the
House of Representatives. That body
might also be deadlocked. but the Sem
ate would at least have chosen Vice
President. and Lane. on the Breckin-
ridge ticket, would probably have been
named and taken the presidency on
March A.
All of these hopes were dashed. as
the North went almost solidly for Lin
coin. and he won clear majority of
electors. although far short of popu-
lar majority. as he had few votes in the
South. The Bell ticket carried Ten
nessee. Kentucky and Virginia, Doug
las, although second In popular votes.
carried only Missouri and three votes
from New Jersey. Breckenridge won
Delaware, Maryland and the South
The rest. including four votes in New
Jersey. we're for the Republican ticket.
The popular vote was: Lincoln, 1862
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

was formed. Congress struggled to
avoid the coming conflict and adopted
a proposal by Douglas to amend the
Constitution with a provision that
slavery should never be abolished. War
interviewed before this was submitted to
the States. Like various other efforts
of Congress and of President Buchann.
this offering failed to appease the wrath
Of the Southern States. which felt that
the election had amounted to reading
them out of the Union.
1t was perfectly clear from the re-
turns that II the Nation was to be po-
liticslly divided etween North and
South. the weight OF population was in
the North and the North would rule.
Nothing short of complete freedom to
introduce slavery into the new areas Of
the West would restore the Southern
supremacy. and the best which any
Northerner would offer on this ques-
ton was renewal of the Missouri COM
promise or some other basis OF geo.
graphical arrangement which would
leave the North in control.
An interesting side light of the cam
paign from It's political side had been
the charges of corrupt spending OF
money. Weed was accused Of offering
franchises to large New York utility
groups in return for half a million dol
lars of campaign money If Seward were
named. william B. Aston was said to
have raised a million or more among
New York merchants to defeat Lincoln,
because secession would cut the bust
ness of the great traders in half.
Tomorrow: The Liberal Republican
Schism.
International telegraphers of Europe
are arguing over a proposal to reduce
code words from 10 to : letters
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

Lincoln in his debates with Stephen
A. Douglas In 1853 had foreseen the
split In the Democratic party over
slavery. and had steadily forced Doug
lag on record in favor of letting Terri
tories determine their own slave or
free status. The South insisted that
slaves be taken anywhere. and no de-
cjsion made about Territories until they
became States. The attitude of Doug
las ha6 won MIN the Illinois senator
ship from Lincoln. but lost him the
presidency two years later. In 1853
Lincoln had said: IT'S bigger game
than senatorship I'm stalking. The
battle of 1860 is going to be worth
a hundred of this one"
BY 1860 prudent men were convinc-
ed the election of Northern Republ-
can would be the signal for secession
by the South. and civil war Alexander
Stephens. afterward Confederate Vice
President. declared he left Washington
meyer to return unless as a prisoner of
war.
Douglas Loses in Convention.
The Democratic convention met in
Charleston. Douglas in the lead, but
never able to get two-thirds. The
Southern forces, aided by California and
Oregon delegates. won the platform
plank for declaring slaves as property
that could be taken anywhere. Dead
locked over candidate. the conven-
ton adjourned to meet later in Balti-
more. There the Douglas forces con-
trolled and nominated their champion,
but fifty delegates had holted at
Charleston and another group walked
out at Baltimore Both sets of boilers
nominated John c. Breckenridge.
group of conservatives. mostly
former Wings. formed the Constitution
al Union party. declared for peace
and the Constitution. and named John
IS Bell Of Tennessee.
Republicans Meet in Chicago.
The Republicans met in Chicago. in
Wiewar1, a temporary frame hall built
for the event. Steward was the lead
ing candidate. while Western group
favored Lincoln. and Edward Bates
of Missouri had the support of Greeley
and other leaders. Thurlow Weed
managed the Seward forces, and was
accused by Greeley and others of
making illicit deals for delegates and
financial help. David Davis, Lincolns
manager. proved better trader than
the great Eastern boss Although ex-
plicitiy told IN writing by Lincoln
to make no deals or promises, Davis
undoubtedly offered cabinet places to
Caleb Smith of Indiana and Cameron
of Pennsylvania in exchange for votes
of those delegations.
On the first day 1t seemed certain to
be Seward. On the second, the Lincoln
boosters packed the galleries with q
shouting claque, while the Seward bands
and marchers. after a grand parade.
found the Wigwam packed and the
doors locked. Davis had been busy
through the night and had won over
many delegates The Rail-splitter was
nominated. His cousin, John Hanks,
gave him that nickname in 1858 by
carrying two rails into the State con-
vention with sign. Made by Abraham
Lincoln and John Hanks in the Sanga-
mon bottom in $780,"
Lincoln made careful, front-porch
campaign. declaring that his speeches
Of earlier years had expressed his views.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

Printed crepe de chine In
every wanted color combina-
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-14

International telegraphers of Europe
are arguing over proposal to reduce
code words from 10 to 5 letters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09
KYOTO WEARS FESTIVE ASPECT
ON EVE OF ENVIRONMENT
Holiday Crowds Throng Streets in Prep
aration for Brilliant and
Costly Event.

in the budgets of various government
departments to cover their extraordi-
nary expenses In connection with the
enforcement. and 100000 yen voted
by the Diet last year to cover prepare
tory expenses. The remaining costs.
about 100000 yen, will come directly
from the fortune of the imperial family.
To the foreign observer 1t appears
that the Nation accepts this expense,
for the occasion which comes once In a
lifetime. without any resentment worthy
of notice This Is due in part to the
general diffusion, of wealth and benefits
that accompany the occasion, although
chiefly, of course. to the unquestioning
loyalty and veneration which the i'm
perial house still claims. There also Is
the wide distribution of imperial gifts
and honors.
Imperial benevolence is not confined
to those who have deserved well OF
their ruler. There will be an amnesty
involving about 1000 persons now un-
dergoing punishment or suffering civil
disability for past offenses. Thirty-two
thousand men and women now IN
prison are expected to have their
sentences lightened in the general am
nesty. There will be a special amnesty
applying to $4,000 undergoing punish
ment for violation Of the election laws,
an offense that became widespread only
with the coming of universal manhood
suffrage in this years election. Citi-
zenship rights will be restored to 10000
| persons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09
Thinks Executive sympathetic.
PLANNING TO HONOR
WORLD WAR WOMEN

A memorial column to commemorate
the appreciation by the Regular Army
of the services and sacrifices made by
the women of the United States during
the World War is to be installed in
the Memorial Building, now under con-
struction on e street between Seven
tenth and Eighteenth streets os an an
mex to the building on Seventeenth
street between D and E streets, dedi-
Gated to the memory of the Heroic
Women of the Civil War and used as
headquarters Of the American Red
Cross.
A board Of Army officers was ap-
pointed by the Secretary of War today
to investigate and recommend the Sc
lection of the memorial column and
also determine upon a suitable inscrip-
| ton to be cut on the column. The
board consists of Maj. Joseph G. Me-
| haffy, Corps of Engineers; Maj. Eugene
w. Fales, General staff Corps, and Maj.
Livingston Watrous, Adjutant General S
Department Maj Mehaffy is assist
| ing Lieut.. Col u. S. Grant in the con-
struction of the Arlington Memorial
Bridge, and the two other otncerS are
on duty in the War Department. The
| board has been instructed TO confer
and cooperate with Miss Mabel I.
Boardman of this city, secretary OF the
memorial fund committee OF the Amerl-
can Red Cross, in the execution OF their
orders relating to the proposed memo
rial column
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09

KYOTo, Japan, November 9 R:-'
The City of Kyoto tonight bore festive NV,
aspect in preparation for tomorrow
enhancement ceremonies OF Hirohito
the 124th Emperor.
Late this afternoon the sun emerged
from heavy clouds which have over
hung the ancient capital for the past
three days. promising fair weather.
Tonight the streets and shops were
brilliantly Illuminated and the thorough
fares thronged with holiday CROWDS
The buildings throughout the city were
lavishly decorated with bunting ano
flowers, the chief flowers being the
large golden chrysanthemumS, the I'M
perial flower.
The ,Jananese sovereigns rested today
after Yesterdays full dress rehearsal OF
the enthronemenl ceremony in which
their majesties participated.
The foreign diplomatic contigen'
which will attend tomorrows functions
totals OF. including 33 women. Inc
Americans who will attend are Ambas-
sador Charles MacVeagh and Mrs
MacVeagh, Consul General Edwin l.
Neville and Mrs. Neville and Military
Attache Lieut.. Col. Charles Burnett anc
Mrs Burnett.
The enhancement of the Emf error OF
japan. the oldest and most solemn state
ceremony surviving among the modern
great powers, is also the most costly,
But 1t is also the occasion Of regal
distribution of largesse-honors, titles
and gifts unequaled in any other state
According to preliminary estimates
it will cost the japanese government
and the imperial family together APP
proximately 24,OO0, 900 yen (about $l2,.
OO,OOO) to celebrate the accession OF
Hirohito, 124th Emperor, in a manner
deemed fitting to the august position
to which he has succeeded.
OF this total, 16,194.000 yen already
has been appropriated by the Imperial
Diet, 9,552,000 yen by the special ses-
sion called last Spring for this pur-
pose to cover general coronation ex-
penses; $685., 900 yen, which is included
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09
TRIAL OF DETECTIVE
is DELAYED FOR WEEK
Judge Schuldt Grants Postpone
ment to Allow Inquiry and
Production of Witnesses.

Trial of Detective James Wexford
Casey of the fourteenth precinct
charged with driving while intoxicated
was postponed until next Friday by
Police Court Judge Gus A. Schuldt to-
day. who granted the request of De-
Tense Attorney Harold Hawkin that
time be given to thoroughly investigate
the charges and produce witnesses.
The charge was placed against the
detective on the blotter of the second
precinct last night following collision
at Iowa Circle between his car and
that of Isaac H. York, 81 years old, OF
1921 Fourteenth street. Both cars were
damaged, but neither driver was injured.
Policeman w. w. Whittemore, was
attracted to the scene and arrested
Casey. The detective was released
shortly after the mishap upon furnish
ing bond of $500.
Casey is SO years old and his official
record is said to be excellent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09
FIRM F0RFEITS 500.

Accused of making shortweight bread.
the Holmes Baking Co., LOT F street,
forfeited 500 in Police Court yesterday.
The bread that allegedly did not come
up to standard was reported by Weights
and Measures Inspector w. C. Diller
October ~.
The baking company claimed that it
had just installed new machinery
which had not been properly adjusted
according to Diller.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09
An Active Nursery,

At Rayleigh, near London, there is a
farm" where $4,000 mice are bred for
cancer research work in the universities
or medical schools There Is nursery
in the farm where 300 mice are born
daily.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09
BREAKS CORTEGE; FINED
Autoist Tells Court He Failed t.
See Funeral Procession.

Although released on SIS collateral for
running through a funeral procession
yesterday, Freeman H. Hyatt. $500
block of Myrtle place northeast, was
fined $25 when he stood trial in Police
Court today.
HYATT was arrested by Policeman l..
F.. Lewis of the third precinct, VINO
told Judge Robert E. Mattingly that
the man drove between the first two
cars of procession on Connecticut
avenue.
HYATT said he knew he passed one
car, but did not see any procession.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09
PRESIDENT HEARS
LEG|ON'S PROGRAM
MCNutt, Here, Specially Urges
War Emergency Draft
Legislation.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Paul v. McNutt, national commander
of the American Legion, called upon
President Coolidge at the White House
today to discuss the Legion's national
legislative program.
McNutt vigorously urged the advisa--
bility of taking steps to assure universal
draft legislation for war emergency.
Asks Cruiser Bill Approval.
Other recommendations in the pro-
gram submitted to Mr.. Coolidge were
the Endorsement of the pending scout
cruiser construction bill, the aooltlon
of 2.750 new hospital beds costing $1O,-
600 600, maintenance of the full naval
ratio under the Washington treaty, es--
tablishnent of a separate Bureau OF
,Aeronautics and of single Depart
ment of National Defense, indorse-
ment of the principles expressed IN
the multilateral anti-war treaty, but
emphasizing that the Legion does not
consider such covenant as 1ull
guarantee of peace: approval OF the re-
strictive features of the present lmml-
grafton act, and recommending that
veterans and their immediate relatives
be allowed a non-quota status.
In addition the program 1ndorSed
20 amendments to existing disabled
veterans legislation and reafdrmed the
Legion's approval of the national de-
tense act for the Army, besides urging
the creation of a Senate veterans COM
mittee.
Thinks Executive Sympathetic.
|. H.omdr. McNutt, after his conference
WIN Mr.. Coolidge, said that the Chief
Executive appeared sympatheticaly in
clined on the, whole toward the
Legion's program. Regarding the pro-
posal for universal draft legislation,
which Mr.. McNutt said would be made
the chief object of Legion activities
during his tenure of Office, Mr.. CooNage
stiIl maintains his previous position OF
keeping an open mind on the subject.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-11-09

Porto Rico's coffee industry Is esti-
mated to have sustained $4,000, 900
loss through recent hurricane damage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-28
COL. C. H. CONRAD, JR.,
RISES TO BROADER
Promotion Becomes Effective Octo-
Der 16, When Gen. Traub Retires.
Cited in World War.

Col. Casper H. Conrad, jr., attached
to the inspector generals office, War
Department, today was promoted to
the grade of brigadier general of the
line, to take effect October &c. on the
statutory retirement for age of Brig.
Gen. Peter E. Traub, now on duty at
Madison Barracks, II. Y.
Col. Conrad is from Ohio and was
awarded the Distinguished Service
Medal ''for his marked executive ability
and energetic efforts displayed in the
transportation of troops from the area
of occupation cat Brest and in Ger
many to the base ports" following the
signing of the armistice. Since the
World War he attended the School of
the Line at Fort Leavenworth. Kans.
the University of Illinois and the Army
War College.
A native of Ohio, he was graduated
from the Military Academy in June,
1895, and spent most of the earlier
service in the Cavalry in Cuba, the
Philippines and various parts of the
United States. In 1910 Col. Conrad was
detailed to the Quartermaster Corps
and established the remount station at
Front Royal, Va. and the Government
bureau for breeding Cavalry horses.
Detailed to the Inspecor Generals De-
partment in July. 1923, he served as
department inspector in the Philippines
and then in the inspector generals Of
flee in this city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-28
BRYAN SCHOOL ROOF
OFF, CLASSES MOVED
Students Transferred to Buchanan
Until Work Is Com
pleted.

Building operations having necessi-
tated the removal of part of the roof
of the Bryan School, Thirteenth and
B streets southeast, the regular sched-
ule of classes in that building has
been upset during the past week, it
became known today when Municipal
Architect Harris assured the school Of
ficials that the schools roof would be
replaced and its heating plant in OPP
Grafton by next week.
The classes of younger children in
the upper floor rooms twice have been
housed in the assembly room of the
Buchanan School nearby, on the days
when the temperature went below GA
degrees. established as the minimum by
school authorities, according to Miss
Elizabeth A. Hummer, supervising prin-
cipal of the seventh division. With the
temperature rising this afternoon, only
one class was out of its usual room.
Miss Hummer said the children will
be returned to their regular rooms Mon
day If the temperature permits. If,
however. cold prevails, the children like
ly to suffer from the cold will be trans
ferred to the Buchanan Building for the
day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-28
4n Mfmnrlam.

JONES. JAMES E. In loving remembrance
JONES RSo Seps sHe ia MS }fAMa o
September 2S. 1922. six years ago today.
We who love you sadly miss you.
AnS IN Th ops eSld bS ySg very n der
HIS DEvoTED WIFE s'1 AND CHILDREN.
LAWRENCE. MARY SEAToN. Sacred to the
LAWRENCE. who Departed this life eleven
years ago today. September 40, 1917.
Loved in life. Remembered in death"
HER DEVOTED HUSBAND.
L0MAx. DAVID HERBERT. In sad but
loving remembrance OF our devoted hus-
band and father. DAVID HERBERT To-
MAX. who departed this life two years
ago. September 20. 1926.
So gentle in manner. so patient in pain,
NV husband left me for heaven to gain.
us hard In this World his eouSI 10 81 na
ITprisht and faithful in all his way.
Beautiful character 20 the end Of his days.
Loving father and husband; 50 kird.
What sweet memory he left behind.
LOVING WIFE AND CHILDREN.
MOORE. BETTE. In sad but loving remem-
hrance Of our dear mother; who departed
%. 1877 Oe ~ "O ~ ''''
One year has passed.
Our hearts SIN sore.
AS w time 1eiI moves IVES @ on
MRS. LENA M. HOWELL AND SISTERS.
o'CoNNOR. TIMOTHY; In loving memory
who passed away suddenly twenty-eight
years ago today. September 2s. 1900.
Remembered.
HIS WIFE. MAGGIE OCONNOR KLINE.
PEAKE, ELLEN H. In remembrance o. my
dear daughter. ELLEN H. PEAKE. who
Es@ssr ssay sever yssFs sgo toesy
WILLIAMS. BENJAMIN H. In loving re-
membrance of our dear son and brother.
BENJAMIN H. WILLIAMS, who died nve
years ago today. September az. 1924.
FATHER, MOTHER, SISTERS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-28

against constitutionalism and individu-
alisrn
The government party in all of his
40 years of experience has never been
in better spirits or finer fighting fettle,
he said. Touching again upon the
Labor party, he declared that never In
the political history of Great Britain
has a great party been more disunited
in policy and leadership than are the
Liberals today.
The first meeting of the Conservative
conference this afternoon unanimously
adopted a resolution calling for widest
possible extension of the policy of safe
guarding corresponding to the Amer
lean protective tariff policy in so far
as it would be consistent with the pledge
of the prime minister"
The pledge referred to Is that made
by Baldwin when he was returned to
power in 1924, following upon his defeat
the year before in the general elections
on a protective tariff plank, that he
would not attempt to obtain a protective
tariff from Parliament if reassigned the
portfolio.