Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-02-11
DIFFICULT. ISSUES
CONFRONT LEAGUE
Grave World Problems Await
Action of Powers at Com.
ina Geneva Sessions.
BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER.


! BY Cable TO The Star and Chicago Daily
News. Copyright. 1928
PARIS, February l1.-Some of the
| most difficult international problems
| now confronting the statesmen of the
| world will be subjected to renewed dis
cusslon at Geneva in the near future.
The League of Nations security COM
| mission meets on February 20. the
League Council on March S. and the
disarmament commission on March Is.
While the United States is directly rep
| resented in only the last of these three
| meetings, We are indirectly interested
| in all OF thin.
According to the turn tina; the nego-
| tiations take, peace in eastern Europe
and the Balkans will be settled or un-
| settled, the Rhineland evacuation will
| be fastened or retarded, general dis
armament conference will be held or
not. and both the American scheme OF
world peace and the League scheme viii
| be strengthened or weakened.
u. S. Offers Similar Plan.
The United States under President
Wilson started the League OF Nations
scheme, then abandoned it and has
since gradually worked out an equally
definite but quite different plan. Europe
and part of Asia and Latin America
have definitely adopted the League
scheme, but they are acutely conscious
of It's defects.
The present American plan provides:
l-Limitation of ornaments by re-
gional agreements without international
supervision.
2-Bilateral limited arbitration and
Cancellation treaties.
3-Regional pacts for the consulta-
ton Of all signatories In case one OF
them considers itself mcnaced,
4-Outlawry OF war by a multilateral
! treaty of all the principal powers with
out sanctions.
The League plan provides:
Reconciliation OF political disputes by
| the League Council.
2-Settlement of iuridicai disputes by
arbitration or reference 70 The Hague
Court.
"a general blockade or even the
use Of force against the pact breaker
or the aggressor unanimously desig-
mated by the Council.
4-Regional guarantee treaties to re-
inforee this general guarantee.
5-General reduction OF ornaments
under League supervision, proportionate
TO the degree of security and disarma-
ment achieved by special treaties
Differences Cited.
The main differences between the two
plans are that the one emphasizes re-
gionai and the other general agree.
nenfs and that the one seeks To AVOID
Al Ittx En- Vf{t 70
| tions and continuous International au-
peryision. The weakness Of the Amer
tcan plan, 50 far Ms Europe Is con-
cerned, In that 1t fails 10 give assurance
of prompt support against aggression.
The weakness Of the League plan IL
| partly that the United States. the
worlds strongest power Ii not member
Of the League and can, II II likes. sabo-
| .age the whole plan: and partly that the
sanctions are vague, that there are not
enough regional pacts, and that lack OF
unani,nity In the council may allow war
| 10 proceed legally after cancellation
processes have been exhausted.
! 1t was " overcome ti1ess last three
weaknesses that special security COM
| naittee was appointed last December.
| The committees report. which VIII be
| the basis for discussion on February 20.
/ E1ID Ati5L JFtIB HAbii'r' ~ vs. 49,
technical improvements OF the League 4
Cancellation machinery. multiplication
| VI bi!ateral arbitration treaties and con-
cessiou 81 security phcts on the Locarnp
model for countries which still feel In
secure IL expresses the opinion That IL
Is useless nov 10 try 10 determine IN
advance the sanctions which each State
win be expected " apply against an
! eventual pact breaker, The report ~.
hi effect, a SUCCESS for the British thesis.
Faces First Inquiry.
Cl9seIy related " the security prob"
lem Is That Of disarmament control. The
system provides that the LehgnE council
decides by majority vote when IL con-
siders "A special investigation IL nrces-
| sary. An international commission then
visits the suspected country and mVes-
lgates.
The FIRST Case under This system fias
lust arisen II VIII be dsiibeTated III
The council on March g. Following thf
discovery Ut falsely declared ship
meut VI FIVE car loads III machine guns
from Italy " Hungary. ii protest u
the council has been made ny CMciio-
sloyakia Hliinania and Jigoslavia. Italy
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