davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
NEW YORK COTTON

NEW YORK, Jan. 1.-THE de-
cline in cotton yesterday to new
low ground for the current move.
ment failed to encourage better buy
ing in this market today, and prices
displayed further easiness. Although
comparatively small, additional de.
clines were recorded on southern and
commission house selling, also spec.
ulative liquidation. The latter ap-
parently due to the impaired margin
accounts.
Encouraging Manchester advices
had but little effect ma,'ketwlse.
Liverpool cables in turn reflected
the weakness here yesterday. The
weather map showed slight rainfall
in Texas, but it was rather generally
believed that rain did not occur in
localities where 1t might prove bene-
fetal. The trade purchased only on
limits.
Noon prices were: March, 1889,
down .07: May, 1853, down 09; July,
18.47, down OF; October, 1850, down
.03, and December, II so, down .O8.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
MARKET FIRMS
UP SOME
BY international News Service

BY International News service
NEW YORK, Jan. 17.-Further
recoveries in the motor stocks helped
to inpart a firmer tone to the stock
market in the first period today. The
speculative leaders were irregular at
the opening, though higher prices
were bid for United States Steel COM
mon and the Well'knoWn motor
shares, most Of which had lost
ground as the result Of Mondays
heavy selling movement.
Stock market sentiment was i'm
fluenced by the current rumors OF
a possible artificial tightening of the
money market by the raising of the
reserve bank rediscounts. or the
selling of a good volume of Govern
ment securities now held by the re-
serve banks.
The continued increase of specula-
tive borrowings has excited unfavor-
able comment in Washington, and
already a number of measures are
being framed to compel the banks
Ioaning on stock exchange collateral
to maintain larger reserves in cash
In their own vaults.
Strong. support. was extended to
the so.called pivotal stocks in the
steel and motor groups. Interest in
the railroad division was largely CEN
tered in the Lehigh Valley meeting
al Philadelphia.
The oil and copper stocks were
steady, IN the face of further price
cutting in export gasoline and soft
ening Of the fuel Oil market in New
ork harDor.
Cotton sold off about 10 points and
grain prices were fractionally higher
in the early trading.
Call money, AZ per cent.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
Langley Bus Sponsors
Honor Guests at Smoker

Residents Of nearby Virginia
towns last night gave smoker
and reception to Il. D. stockman
and Samuel Clark. Of Langley. va.
at the home OF Mr.. Clark, for their
services in obtaining o bus line for
the neighborhood.
Federal employees and others who
travel daily between Virginia and
washington praised the work of the
two men, and voted thanks to Leon
Arnold, president of the Washing
ton, Maryland and Virginia Coach
Company, for his cooperation in
extending the bus service to Lang
ley. The affair was arranged by
Birnie G. Heidenreich, r. j. Devers.
j. T. J. Davis and Charles J.
Chase s
The Washington times., 1928-01-17

which were keen enough 70 see
fhro1ph the weakness OF the real
estate initiation. (which VIII be
evidenced by their willingness 20
lend money TO our people and cur
institutions. . RECOGNITION On tne
part OF all Of our people q tnelr
losses and q willingness 70 uqui.
date their situations ana hO
longer attempt 20 fool them
aafvam al tinna goes on"
AS for the immediate outlook,
Mr.. Gilman remarked; be-
lieye that business OF the mer-
chants in Miami will be generally
much more profitable IN 1873
than IN 1927, and d weil-rur, con-
servative business should not q
n the red this year. a very
large percentage Of our general
business problems have been
liouidated: for instance, two years
ago there were 60,000,O00 feet or
excess lumber In Miami. Today
there are less than 10000, 600 feet.
Much az the excess supply OF lul1-
Der and furniture have been ship
ped to other parts Of the coun'
try"
1873 Pftcca MOI Vanuhtp0
"WilI Florida's comeback vail
date mortgages and equities based
on 1926 peak prices2" he was
asked.
mo. not for many, many
years. was the laconic answer
Asked whether he would rec
ommend purchase Of well selected
local developed property at pre-
vaiIing debated prices. Mr.. Gil
man replied:
'sYes. or course, no one has
ever been able always to buy
absolutely at the bottom and sell
absolutely at the top. II our
prices today are not absolutely at
the bottom, they are so near the
bottom that for all practical pur.
poses they may be considered to
be at the bottom. A stranger
should consult a reliable banker
and, through him, q reliable real
estate man who II well posted on
values,
II have an abiding faith In the
ultimate future Of this section"
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
Model Yachts to Race
On Rejecting Pool

Plans for holding the national
elimination races for model yachts
on the Lincoln Memorial rejecting
pool In July. under the auspices of
the Model Yacht Racing Association
of America, were announced today.
The races will be held to select a
challenger to represent the United
States in the international race to
be held a Gadsport, England, in
August. Permission to use the re-
flecting pool was granted today by
Lieut.. Col. u. S. Grant Ord, direc-
tor of public buildings and public
parks, through Representative Fred
.erick w. Dallinger of MASSACHUSETTS.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17


How the leading banks Of the
city maintained their solyency
through the ups and downs 81 the
districts recent n1ete0ric history
Is perhaps the most interesting II
nancIaI phase Of this laboratory IN
economies. Each generation pre-
fers to rediscover Tor itself the
eternal laws Of business, ana
Miami's spectacular career gives
the text for many sermons.
Briefly, the two big banks mere
survived the economic storms by
remaining skeptical to the claims
OF the boosters during the days
Of emotional finance.
The executives Of the Bank Of
Bay Biscayne, the largest and
oldest local bank, and Of the First
National Bank kept their heads
while their fellow townsmen, slim
ulated by imported high pressure
statesmen, were contaminated with
delusions Of grandeur and world.
wide pre-eminence.
Remained Liquid
These institutions made a
valiant effort to remain liquid.
Instead Of embracing all oppor-
tunities to make local commercial
loans at per cent plus huge
bonuses, the banks accepted to
4 per cent in the New York call
money market and 4 per cent in
outside prime commercial paper.
The boosters called the bankers
unpatriotic for doing this, but.
IL they had tied up their funds
mainly In local enterprises, they,
too, would have sunk with the
realtors. subdividers, and specu
lators In hotels and apartment
houses.
Instead they kept their doors
wide open while their deposits
snrank with unparalleled swift
ness and suddenness during the de-
flation period. For example. in
October, 1925, at the summit Of
the boom, the deposits OF the
Bank OF Bay Biscayne rose to
SIS, GOO. 900. Two years later they
had fallen to SO 1000 900. At the
end or 1927, they stood slightly
above $50 ,0OO, 900. and have since
been growing. The bank with
Of deposits largely because It was
in position to luuidate out-of.town
call loans and commercial paper
as quickly as necessary. The
First National Bank was in a
similar position.
Constructive Role
Accordingly. at the time Of
greatest stress in the community
these banks were in position TO
play . constructive role which
otherwise would have been i'm
possible.
The two outstanding financial
minds Of the city are James il.
Gilman. president of Bank Bis
cayne, and Edward G. Romfh.
president Of the First.
Mr.. Gilman. Connecticut
Yankee In his early 4O's. Joined
the bank, then q small institution
in q seven-year-old tropical town
keeper. Four years later Mr..
Gilman became q director and is
years later president. Mr.. Gil
man headed the COMMITTEES which
restored Miami in September.
1926, after the worst hurricane
in so years.
MiamI's Needs
asked Mr.. Gilman what Mi
ami's greatest needs are.
"A complete return in full
measure OF confidence in our
1,af.,n~ a,rnnno CYVVs SVrtAnHu IN the
North" replied Mr.. Gilman. who
has an extremely youthful. vi.
vacious manner. but also a quail
ity or resoluteness which shows
up In his piercing brown eyes.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
of Reporter
And Coed Announced

Announcement Of the marriage in
New York City last Thanksgiving
Day, of Martin Codel, Washington
newspaper reporter, and Miss Ella
April, also of this city, was made
yesterday.
Codel is connected with the
United States Daily, and Miss April
is graduate of the 1927 class OF
George Washington University,
where she was active in athletics.
The couple will reside at 1109 Six
teenth Street, N. w.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
LIVERPOOL COTTON

LIVERPOOL, Jan. j17.-Spots We're
in good demand. with prices barely
steady. Sales totaled 10000 bales;
receipts 10000 bales.
Midlands fair was quoted at
il. SD; strictly good mids. 11.21d;
good mids, 1O,9-d; strictly mids,
l0.76d; nids, 1860; strictly low
mids, 10.56d; low mids, 1O.4Od;
strictly good ordinary, 1O.16d; good
ordinary. 9.S6d.
Futures opened quiet, with Janu-
ary at 10000; March, 10000; May,
9.9Sd; July, $3.50: October. $500.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
LOCAL PRODUCE

Eggs-Current receipts. 40 4Sc;
candled and graded. 45c; white and
brown, No. l hennery, 45Q4sc; stale
and bad stock not wanted.
Poultry--Alive: Turkeys, top. 80
@4Oc; chickens. Plymouth rocks.
CSC; reds, &c; hens. large. 24Q25c;
white leghorn hens, 1S@29c; young
keats, 7O075c. Dressed: Turkeys,
42@45c: chickens. S0c; large fowl.
2Sc; leghorn fowls, zoe; keats.
90c@$1.
Apples-Supplies moderate. Bar
rels: Few sales. Virginia, unclassi-
fled. Black Twigs. IN inches up.
$6.50@7; 2% inch Grimes U. s. No.
/, considerable scalded, S.. Boxes:
Washington, medium to large size,
extra fancy Delicious. $4.25, Romes
mostly So, Staymans $3QS.25. Bush
Ell baskets: Pennsylvania, y. 8. No.
1, "a inches up. Staymans. $3.50
$50. mostly S2.25: IN inches up,
$1.50@1.75, unclassified Smokehouse.
"a inches up. 81.
Cabbage-Supplies liberal, De.
mand moderate, market steady.
Old Stock: New York, bulk per
ton, Danish type, $1@1.25. New
stock: Texas, barrel crates, Round
type, $3.50@3.75; bulk per ton.
Round type, $40. Florida, u
bushel hampers, pointed type, $3.50.
$2.35.
Celery-Supplies LIBERAL Demand
moderate, market about steady.
New York, 2-3 crates, $2.75. poorer
low as 1925. California, crates.
$5.25@6, mostly $5.5005.75
Lettuce-Supplies moderate. De-
mand moderate. market about
steady. Arizona. Salt River Valley,
1926; Yuma Valley. $3.5O@3.75,
mostly 1915. Florida, 11z-bushel
hampers, Big Boston type, $500
2.25, mostly ordinary quality ana
condition, $1.50@1.75.
Onions-Supplies moderate. De-
mand light, market firm. Michigan
and Ohio, 100.pound sacks. Yel-
lows, United States No. !, $2.75W
I3
Potatoes-Suplies liberal: demand
moderate, market steady. Michl-
gan, 15O-lb. sacks, Russet Rurals
u. s. No. /, $3.35@S.4O. Minnesota.
t50.lb. sacks, Round Whites u. 8.
No. 1, $31503.25. Maine. 120-lb.
sacks, Green Mountains U. s. No.
|, $2.7502.90.
spinach--Supplies light; demand
moderate, market slightly stronger.
Texas, bushel baskets, Savoy type
$2.3502.50.
Tomatoes-Supplies moderate; de-
mands moderate, market dull. Un-
known origin, repacked in New
York City, IS, ripes, wrapped. fancy
count, $2.76@3; choice count, $20
2.25. Florida, originals, SIS, ripes
and turning, wrapped, green,
wrapped, fancy count, fair quality
and condition. 81; choice count, So.
Sweet Potatoes-Suplies liberal:
demand moderate, market slightly
weaker. North Carolina, cloth-top
barrels, Porto Ricans, $2.25@2.50;
few lower. $2.75. Virginia and
North Carolina, cloth.top barrels,
various varieties, ordinary quality
and condition, $1.75@2.25: decayed.
$1@1.50.
String Beans-Supplies light; de-
mand moderate, market steady.
Florida, h-bu. hampers. green,
$6.5007; fancy, $707.50; few high
as IS; wax, no sales reported; ask
ing H-bu. hampers So.
Eggplant-Supplies very light; de-
mand moderate; market firm. Flor
Ida, pepper crates fancy, few sales,
$3.50.
Beets-Suplies light; demand mod
crate; market steady. Texas, west
ern lettuce crates. punched, $3.50.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
Final Rites Are Held
For White House Maid

Requiem mass was said at St.
Patrick's Church this morning for
Katherine Wynne, White House
maid, who died several days ago
after a brief illness. The casket
bore flowers from President and
Mrs. Coolidge. Mrs. Mary Ran
dolph, White House secretary, was
in attendance at the final rites.
Pallbearers were White House
employees, including b. e. McKen.
ney. Thomas Scanlon, Joseph A.
Sheehan, William Shields, and Ed.
ward A. Norris. The body was
taken from Hanlon's undertaking
establishment, Gal H st. N. E., TO
the church and interment was in
Mt. OliVet Ceneterv
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
CLEARING HOUSE REPORT

NEW YORK, Jan. 17.-Clearing
house statement: Exchanges, 81 ,5G1, ).
100000; balances, $4,000, 900; Fed
eral Reserve Banks credit balance,
$40, 200, 900.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
GARBER no LECTURE

Paul CARRIER. OF the Smithsonian
Institution, win lecture this after
noon before the Anthropological So
ciety OF washington when 1t meets
in the National Museum Building at
4:45 p. m.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
TEST NEWS AND QUOTATIONS OF THE FINANCIAL MARKETS
Miami Banks Played
Skeptics In Boom
By MERRYLE STANLEY RUKEYsEA

MIAMI Jan 17-Iiamian bankers lean TO the view tuat
this spectacular subtropcal city has already touched Dotom
II the drastic deflaon which followed the windshield rear
estate hnom which eliminated in 1925.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
HowS1UiH Triun1phed
Is Disclosed
BY B. G. FORBES

An ambitious 16yearod butcher boy anxious to leave
home given $25 by his father and told to start IN
locally He paid $40 for fat hefer, skifully cut the
loaded cuts into his fathers wagon sold the
of
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
CLUB BOARD TO MEET

The board of governors and Off
GERS of the Hutradena Club, Inc,
will meet tonight at 1913 Sherman
Ave. N. w.
The Washington times., 1928-01-17
SHORT TERM SECURITIES
LIBERTY BONDS

FURNISHED by w. b. Hibbs & Coz
Liberty LIST AIS. due 1947. 10000
Liberty Bird ANS. due 1928....... l0O.19
Liberty 4th ANS. due 1898. 1925
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-12-20

night until all is finished. OF course,
under present conditions, the bosses
would say that if they do not send
back the work the next day some
other shop will do it, but it is OBJ
vious that If the union had control
over the trade the union could easily
limit the number of hours one may
work in one day or in one week
throughout the entire trade. But,
so far, the union gang has not even
raised the question. 1t stands to
reason that if the hours were linn
tied the pay would have to increase
in order to enable workers to make
living, and a lengthening of the
seasons and guarantee of GER
tain number Of weeks throughout
the wear would become necessary.
Rut this means raising serious trade
problems, this means serious dis
cussion and free expression inside
the union, this means also fighting
the bosses for real and not fake de-
mands; and all this the gang who
faxed strike last February in col
fusion with the bosses and without
getting anything for the members
all this the gang cannot and will
not do. These and other problems,
which stand before the dry clean
crs, will have to wait until there is
rank and file m 'litant left wing
union administrator.
LEON MASSOF.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-12-20

work at six o'clock in the morning.
When expressed surprise on see
ing him, he said: ooh, l am coming
in late tomorrow" "Yes," | asked
him, chow late?" ooh, about eight
or nine o'clock in the morning" was
the reply. And this worker had to
travel from downtown to the Bronx.
You cen see what this means in
terms of life to a dry cleaner. Swal-
low your meals in a hurry, five
hours sleep, dizzy from overwork,
eyes inflamed from the chemicals
used, brain drunk and feverish. bad
temper home (the only poor devils
that will stand it); but plenty of
time for work, plenty of time to
coin shekels for the boss. Yes, the
worker gets paid for the overtime,
but he will have to use the money
during the slow time when he earns
some fifteen dollars week, or he
will, perhaps, have to pay some of
it in doctor and drug store bills, as
good many Of US do.
Now, why must we work such
long hours? ! said before that this
is due to the seasonal nature of the
work, but this does not explain all,
Others have seasons, too, ard yet
they do not work such inhuman
hours. The trouble in our trade is
the custom that all work brought in
must be finished the same day, and
the work must continue day and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-12-20
Assurance That Wall
Street Is Supporting
War Raises Bonds

Bonls of the Anaconda Cooper
Mines Co., the concern that owns so
many metal mines in South Ameri-
ca, rose yesterday on the New York
bond market as did also government
bonds of Bolivia. The big skylocks
have it figured out that U. S. will
not let Bolivia be beaten, and while
not averse to allowing the normal de-
preston accompanying a war scare
to take place. could not keep their
fingers off Bolivian and Anaconda
bonds long enough to allow them to
go down very far or STAY very long.
Trading volume barely reached
the two million share market in YES
terday's stock exchange session. That
and a droo I'm call money to 6 ner
cent were the features ard the for
ces which helped s-st0in values in
various sections of the list.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-12-20

ard tie possibilities it contained for
exercising his students, while the
theological content, tho important,
was Of secondary consideration.
This seems to me a false and dan
gerous approach fol- working class
theatre, an approach which can be
u-e to iu-tify all sorts of bourgeois
tendencies. 1t need hardly be cb-
served that proletarian actors alone
90 not constitute a prclc n the
atre.
| also have my quarrels with the
direction of "At the Gate" Its style
seems to have been materially influ-
enced by the methods of Vachtan-
gov, director of the Habima Theatre.
The theatre of Vachtargov is the
theatre of mysticism, grotesquery,
nuance and shadowy mood It had
its social roots in the period of dis
illusion that followed the collapse
of the 1905 revolution in Huscia,
when the timorous bourgeois intelli-
gentsia sought refuge in M .3ticism
and "god-seeking" In the particu-
lar effects which it strives Cor the
school of Vachtangov is unsur-
PASSED, but it is hardly a suitable
model for a workers theatre. It's
mysticism and attenuated estheti-
cism have nothing in common with
the dynamic, bold, intransigert spirit
CT the revolutionary proletariat.
And it is this dynamic quality
which the highly styled direction
of cat the Gate" fails to grasp.
Fortunately, the great errors of
the first production of the Jewish
Workers Theatre can be remedied.
The three years of intensive study
have been well, superbly we'll spent;
the worker-actors have acquired the
tools of their trade, the foundation
has heen laid. l have also nothing
but praise for the settings by M.
Zolotareff and the choral effects for
which A. Elstein wrote the music.
All that is needed now is real
working class play. I know there
are such. And those two precious
primary" principles can-if need
be-go by the board for the sake
Of the third and all-imp ~tant one:
theological content. If the Jewish
Workers Theatre is to be real
weapon in the struggles of the work
ers. it must be sharp, aggressive
ard strong, not merely pleasant or
ornamental
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-12-20
Record of Hours.

But nay figures will talk louder
if | add few explanations. | cal
culated on the entire week, because
not all days ere Of the same work
ing length Friday and Saturday
are usually short days Ito a dry
cleaner q day Of seven or eight hours
has come to seem an extremely short
day, practically no work at ALL, and
Mondays | either work only two or
three hours or nothing at all, so
that the bulk of the work falls on
three days. Then, too, / have no
responsibility Of a family and al
ways get away as soon as I can, but
| cannot get away too early because
that throws the work on my fellow
workers and lengthens their hours
unduly. I know of workers in the
shop who have worked over 80 hours
a week in the season, some days do
ing a stretch Of eighteen hours.
Once, coming in to work after mid
night, 7 met worker, leaving the
place for home, who had come to
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-12-20
Jewish Workers Theatre
Gives It's First Production

sures me. The messiah in SAT the
Gate" is meant to represent not the
conventional redeemer who is to
lead the people out Of bondage, but
the very reverse: he is the collective
will of the people, agitating against
the idea that salvation can come
thru a redeemer and urging that in
the people themselves lies the power
of their liberation.
If so Il am judging only the act
ing version as | haven't read the
original text, this idea simply
didn't get across" in the produc-
tion-not to me at least, nor to sew
eral others that l talked to. The
entire action of the play as present.
ed revolves about the messiah or
leader as an individual, not as a
metaphysical concept. So much so
that the synopsis of cat the Gate"
printed on the program, fails almost
entirely to bring out idea which
Buchwald assures me underlies the
play.
Beinush Steiman died fighting for
the proletarian revolution with Wis
ions Of a new world floor ? his
eyes. But let US be frank: his dra-
matte trilogY, "At the Gate" is not
a revolutionary play, not a class
conscious play, not even a play con-
tanning ideas of social protest that
an adult mind can bite on. At best
it is feeble excursion into bour-
geois utopianism; at worst, it is
compounded of reactionary materials
whatever its symbolical intent may
be), it is full of religio- mystical hys-
terra and naive, sentimental allegory
in the conventional bourgeois man
ner. That it is poetic" that it is
sincere if confused Tempt tn
envisage mankind's progress towart
complete emancipation doesn't ex-
cuse its weaknesses. The truth is
that the play, aside from its serious
theological shortcomings, is a rather
pretentious dud, banal in every re-
spect, and fails for the most part
to be interesting.
The fact that such play was
chosen as the first production of a
working class theatre seems to me to
indicate serious confusion in Lhe
minds CT the directing spirits of
this theatre. Confusion or worse.
Turning to the first issue of Gar
tef," the organ Of the Workers The
atre Association, read in an article
by Jacob Mestel, the director of the
theatre: "In selecting the repertoire
fer the first performance two prin-
airy principles were cons ,red: the
purely spectacular and what may
be called the utiliSari8n. The play
selected had to offer the possibility
of creating purely theatrical per-
Torrance, but at the same time it
had to make possible the presenta-
tion of the students in practically
all the studies that were taken up
during the course Of the three years
of studio work.
"a third principle land necessar-
lily ere of the most importantly was
also a decisive factor: the ideologi-
cal z :, Of the plcy selected"
In other words, the two primary
considerations fer Mestel were the
J thc-tt-:cal effectiveness of the play