davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1928-12-12

the Greek debt. the Austrian agreement
developed little opposition yesterday, ex-
cept for charge by Representative
Garner, Democrat, Texas, that it would
Evening star., 1928-12-12

favor the international bankers and
force the United States to accept pay
ment on the basis of 80 cents on the
dollar.
Evening star., 1928-12-12
FRANK A. BIRGFELD
HEADS ClVITAN CLUB
Z. Stoddard Taylor Is Elected First
Vice President at Groups
Annual Meeting.

Frank A. Birgfeld last night was
elected president of the Civitan Club
at its annual meeting in the Washing
ton Hotel, succeeding George A. Harris.
other officers chosen were: L. Stod-
dard Taylor, first vice president; James
B. Henderson, second vice president;
w. e. Humphreys, third vice president;
Harry B. Pitts, secretary; r. M. Wolfe,
treasurer, and Leonard F. Ruoh, DR..
Grant S. Barnhart and Sidney E. Kent,
directors.
James Nelson Mclean of New York,
president of the International Associa-
tion of Civitan Clubs, spoke on the ex-
tension of Civitan work and the promo
ton of good citizenship.
Evening star., 1928-02-27
WILL MAKE TRIP
0PANAMA BY AIR
Assistant Secretary Dawson
ard Gen. Fechet to Inspect
Canal Zone Activities.

by the Associated Press.
Another instance of how Government
officials are using the airplan2 TO IA
cllitate their business will be given
early next month. when Assistant SecrC-
tary Dawson Of the War Department, III
charge Of aviation and Mai. Gen.
James L. Fcchet. chict of the Army Air
Corps. iiv from Washington to the
Canal Zone on an inspection trip.
The purpose Of the trip is 10 look
over air activities III the Panama Canal
area and 10 study the air dcfcnscs of
the canal
The trip Will hc made III two Army
Looming amphib.an observation planes
pisoled by Capt. Ira c. Eaker. executive
to AIR, Dawson, and Lieut.. Muir S.
Fairchild, attached to Langley Field.
Va. Both pilots were members of the
pan American good will fight last year.
The exact Gate of departure has not
been SCI, but 1t probably will be during
the week Of March 4. 1t is planned to
make the flight IL five overland hops.
the longest less than 500 miles. The
first stop will be at Montgomery, Ala:
thence to Brownsville. Tex: Minititlan
NeNlco: Managua. Nicaragua, and
cana! Zone. On the return trip stors
probably will be made at San Jose
Costa Rica; Guatemala CITY. Guatema-
n: Tamp:co Mexico and Montgomery
The trip will cover about $500 miles
and ii is expected actual flyine time
will bc about so hours.
Increased aviation activity in the
Canal Zone. as provided for in the five
year Army AR Corps development pro-
gram, the War Department announced
makes the inspection essential from an
administrative point Of view. The
study to be made of the air defense in
relation 10 the Canal Zone also is held
10 be Of vital interest.
The flight will be the first ever made
oy government officials outside of con-
tinental United States on inspection
travel.
Evening star., 1928-02-27
DR.. MOORE TO GIVE
SERIES OF LECTURES
Arts and Crafts School Founder
Will Open Course Here
Thursday.

Dr. Thomas Werner Moore will give
q series of lectures on psychology and
character analysis Thursday afternoons
during March for the benefit of ST.
Margaret's Arts and Crafts School In
Brookland, which he established last
year The lecture course is being spon-
SOred by st. Margaret's Guild and will
be held In the auditorium of the Ma
tiOnal Press Club, In the National Press
Building.
Mrs. Harold p Norton is president Of
the guild which was organized to aid
the sisters III charge of the school. a
group of young women at a meeting
last Tuesday took steps toward organ
izing a Junior st. Gcrtrudc's Guild to
help less fortupate girls in being trained
in the arts and crafts.
The members of the committees in
charge Of arrangements for the lecture
series arc: Mrs Milton E. Allies, Mrs.
b. F.. Saul, Mrs. Joseph p. Tumulty and
Mrs. John j. Noonan, lectures; MIS-. D..
]. Callahan, Mrs. Pcre Wilmer, Mrs.
Harry V. Haynes. Mrs. Allen Pope Miss
Annie Johnson and Miss Mary Gala
han, tickets: Mrs. Nellie E. Fealy and
Mrs. John j. Noonan, press: Mrs. p. j.
McGovern. Mrs. Harry V. Haynes and
Miss Rebecca Shanley, general public
itv and Mrs Harold p Norton, returns
Evening star., 1928-02-27

Hearing a clinl;ing sound while pass
ing a ScarecroW whose overcoat was
Tapping in the wind, farmer near
Trier, Germany, investigated and dis
covered ccins to the value of about
$3.50.
Evening star., 1928-02-27
TODAY'S ADJUSTMENTS.

National-"The King of Kings"
photoplay. at 23o and $50 pm.
Beiasco-"The Mikado," light opera,
at $50 pm.
Keith's-Sessue Hayakawa, vaudeville,
at 2.l5 and 8:l5 pm.
Gayety-"Bathing Beauties" bur-
lesqua, at 2:l5 and 8:l5 pm.
Rialto-"The Hunchback of Notre
Dame" at ll:40 am; 2:l0, 4:20, 6:40
and 855 pm.
Metropolitan-"Old Ironsides." at
80 m; l;30. $3.50, $50, 7:30 and
$50 pm.
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. =
at l0;45 am: 1915, 2:l5, AIS. 5:45,
7:45 and $50 pm.
Earle-"S Serenade," continuous, 1880
am. TO II pm.
Fox-"Come to Ny House." contin-
uous. II am. TO IL pm.
Columbia--"The Circus" at 1l:l0
am, IL :55, 2:4o, 430. 6:l0, 8 and GAS
pm.
Little Theater-"The Iron Horse. u
continuous. to II pm.
Tivoii-"The Patent Leather Kid" al
2:l0, 4:35, and 9:25 pm.
Ambassador-"S "Serenade," at 6:35
3l5 and 10 pm.
CentraI-"Coney Island" at 1890
2. $50, 5, $50, 8 and 8 40 pm.
Evening star., 1928-02-27
Bill Asks Planes
And Instructors
TO Train Students
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
A bill calling for assignment OF
two more Army airplanes with in
structors to each State university for
the training of university students
as pilots has been drafted by Repre-
sentative Mas. Republican. Minne-
yesterday he estimated that 5000
aviators would be trained each year
by this system.
Upon completion of their course
of training the student pilots would
be commissioned reserve military
pilots. This Mr. Mas. declared
would strengthen the aviation mill
tary defense forces of the country.
Evening star., 1928-02-27
Postal Worker Has Name Changed.

John Harvey Gerard, 13-ycar-oltl
Post Office Department employe. is nov
John Harvey jennings by virtue of an
order of Justice Hitz III Equity Court.
The change Of name followed petition
filed for the youth by Attorney Edwin
d. Dctwilcr, in which it was explained
that his father is dead and that his
mother has remarked and tho boy de-
sires to adopt the name of his step
father.
Evening star., 1928-02-27
TARIFF POWER GRANTED
PRESIDENT is DEFENDED
Government Contends Flexible
Sections of Law Are Con-
stitutional.

BY the Associated Press
There can be no doubt. the Gov
ernment contended in a brief filed in
the Supreme Court Saturday, that the
authority delegated to the President
under the flexible sections of the tariff
law is constitutional.
The brief was prepared for use in
the oral argument of the appeal of
J. w. Hampton. jr., G. Co. Of New
York. challenging the validity of the
flexible sections following an order of
the. President increasing the duty on
barium dioxide.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
WHEAT IS HIGHER
IN EARLY TRADING
Firmer Liverpool Quotations Send
Chicago Prices Upward.
Corn Strong.
By the Associated Press.

BY Lne ASSOCidIeu FTeSS,
CHICAGO, November 26-Owing
largely to Liverpool quotations f1rmer
than looked for, wheat prices here
averaged higher early today. Liverpool
dispatches said importers were buying
future deliveries in the face of record
world shipments. Starting unchanged
to 12 cent higher, Chicago wheat
values reacted little and then hard
ened again. Corn also displayed
relative strength. opening Is off to
3aa12 up, and later holding near to the
initial range Oats were easy. Pro-
visions tended upward.
In connection today with unexpected
price advances at Liverpool and talk
of importers there contracting ahead
for wheat, advices at hand told of bull
ish crop estimates from Australia and
Of further sales Of Australian wheat to
India. Some estimates of Australian
wheat yield were as low as 100000, 900
bushels, a difference of 10000 600
bushels under estimates from other au-
thorities.
On the other hand, world shipments
Of wheat for the week were announced
today as totaling 81 1920 bushels, the
largest amount ever known for a SIM
flar period, comparing with 1885, 900
bushels the previous week and 1884
600 bushels year ago. AS result, the
aggregate OF wheat on ocean passage
today was in excess of either last week
or last year. Meanwhile, Chicago ex-
perts estimated the United States still
has on hand unsupported 10000
bushels from the wheat carry-over of
July last.
Evening star., 1928-11-26

Not much encouragement has been re-
ceived from the Interstate Commerce
Commission. The hope of the rail-
roads hes in a favorable decision by
the commission in the O'Fallon case,
which is to be reviewed by the Supreme
Court early in January. If this is clear
cut, 1t should establish permanently
the question Of railroad valuation and
create a basis on which better rates
might be allowed.
Legal precedents for such decision
may be found in various opinions by
the Supreme Court and other high
courts where questions of the valu-
alton and the rate of return on capital
have been rendered in favor of public
utilities. Whether the Supreme Court
will look at the railroad situation in the
same light as it has in the arguments
covering Consolidated Gas of New York,
the indianapolis Water Co. and the
Southwestern Bell Telephone Co. re-
mains to be seen.
The first half of 1929 will not only
bring out this decision, but it will also
be within this period that the Inter-
state Commerce Commission will decide
on the merits of the Great Northern
Northern Pacific merger and the final
phase of the Chesapeake & Ohio con-
troll of allied properties.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
RADIO POPULARIZES /,
ANTHEM SINGING
Handel, Native of Germany, Is
Regarded as Foremost
Musical Writer.

With the broadcasting of a great
number Of sacred hymns, anthem music
has become more popular than ever be-
fore. The anthem originally conveyed
the idea Of responsive singing, choir
answering choir or choir to priest, but
this application of the word, for a very
long time considered as a necessary
element of its meaning, has disappeared
from the modern Anglicized nterpre-
tatiOn.
After undergoing several changes in
its Anglo-Saxon and early English
forms, traceable In Chaucer and subse-
quently used by Shakespeare, Milton
and others, the word has at length ac-
quired a meaning equally distinctive
and widely accepted Since the an
them now signifies a musical compost
tion sung as an integral part of the
public Worship, when represented by its
finest examples. 1t may be regarded
as the culrninative point of the daily
ritual music of the modern church
Musicians of note the world over
have written anthems, but in its most
developed form it is Enthusiastically
an English composition and is perhaps
the highest and most individual point
which has been attained by English
composers.
Although the recognition Of the an
them as a stated part of the divine
service dates from early in Elizabeth, S
reign Q585-1603) when, in accordance
with the Queens Injunction, permission
for the use of such songs in churches
was granted, it was not until the mid
die of the eighteenth century that its
popularity became nation wide.
Foremost among all writer's of this
type of music Is Handel who produced
the IL anthems SO widely known the
world over. George Frederick Handel
was born In Halle, Germany. At the
age of 81 he left his native land to
adopt England as his home and only
as a visitor did he see his fatherland
again. In 1717, he accented a position
as musical director for Duke James of
Chandos at Cannons near London, and
while in the dukes service Handel
wrote practically all of his anthems.
These compositions were not on the
plan Of the original rule Of the anthem,
for all the resources known to the
musical art of that time were en-
ployed. including chorus and solo sing
ing with rich instrumental accompani-
nnnt, the text being taken from the
Bible. This type of music was not
then known in either Italy or Ger
many, but was peculiar to England.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
INCREASED MOTOR
PRODUCTION SEEN
Keen Competition Forecast as Big
Firms Pre-, ,1are for New
Year.
by J. C. lN1YLE.

Special Dispatch to The Sta"
NEW YORK, November 26.-The
Chevrolet factory will pue its new six
cylinder car "on the line" Sor quantity
production December Is. January pro-.
duction is set for 1885, 900 Anits, and
before 1929 is over the compaqN' expects
to turn out 1,250,000 cars.
The automobile trade talks lea rneuly
about General Motors abandoniA tne
four-c -cylinder trade to Ford and W lllyS,
Business men and public, however. .stlla
see a severe competition between Cl1tV-
rolet and Ford.
The Ford plant is now engaged in TIN
steady and apparently irresistible ex-
pansion cf the Model A car, which is
four-c cylinder model. The great new
factory of this concern at Dearborn,
which has now absorbed Fordson town
ship. has become perhaps the greatest
industrial plant in the world. 1t is re-
garded by engineers as marvel OF
efficiency. It has at this time, with an
output of 5000 units a day, reached
approximately one-half its capacity.
Production is leaning daily in its efforts
to catch up with orders.
The concern has leased much of its
Highland Park plant to the body COM
pany which makes most of the bodies
1OI 1bO 1lCW LIlOQClo. ID dAAAcAANCJ
not an absorption of the body COM
pany. It simply means that the COM
pany building bodies for this company
was forced to have more space to keep
up with demand. The remainder OF the
Highland Park plant will be devoted to
production of replacement parts for old
models until the last of the latter are
piled on the scrap heap.
1t must not be overlooked, however,
that this concern apparently does not
intend to change its models for years
to come. Its competitors will change
at any time it seems advisable. The
WHY'S organization is not asleep.
Dealers are clearing out every old model
in anticipation of the arrival OF new
models.
General Motors, having abandoned
the four-cylinder field, is obviously In
tending to carry the addition of cylin-
ders into it's other subsidiary companies.
SKIES will become straight eights.
Fights may develop into twelves. Com
petitors are going to crowd in with
front wheel drives, as one producer has
already announced. Other firms Will
adopt front-wheel drive to provide
greater speed and increased brake efii-
cheney.
Hudson, Essex, Chrysler and others
will present innovations in some form
or other as will Nash and half dozen
other manufacturers. The accessory
manufacturers are preparing 1or
great season.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
RAILROADS ARE SEEKING
OFFSET TO PAY RAISE

Special Dispatch to The Star
NEW YORK, November 26.-The In
crease Of 61a per cent in the wages OF
trainmen and conductors OF SIS Western
railroads. involving an annual outlay to
the carriers affected of about 10000,
came in week when there had been a
great deal Of public discussion of the
unfavorable position of the railroads
with respect to their rates for service.
1t had been hoped that there might
be an offset to this wage increase from
higher rates in the territory where 1t
applies From present indications the
outlook for this is not especially favor
able. Several railroad executives,
among them President Willard of the
Baltimore q Ohio and President
Hanauer of the Boston & Maine, have
pointed out how the net op Grating in
come Or all of the roads of the country
has been whitfield down since the period
OF Government control by insadious rate
reductions and wage increases without
any satisfactory compensation.
There is q rather hopeless. attitude
on the part Of railroad managers con-
corning the possibility Of rate increases
Evening star., 1928-11-26
CURB ISSUES GAIN
IN NACT|VE MARKET
FiIene Common and Noranda
Mines Show Upward
Tendency.
BY WILLIAM F. HEFFERNAN.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, November 26.-Trading
On the Curb Exchange, following the
two-day suspension of activity, was
resumed with a pronounced upward
movement in the issues selected for
leadership
Fflene common was one of the sensa-
tional performers, opening 13 points
higher at 95 and later going to its
highest since the issue was offered for
public subscription. At los it was up
% points on the day. The subscription
price was S3a
Noranda Mines was another outstand-
fngly strong favorite, opening on a block
OF 10000 shares at 60. new high 7
points above Fridays final.
Prairie Pipe Line featured the oil
group. At 259 the price was UP 10
points and at new peak. It carried
with it Prairie Oil and Gas, which also
went to its best. Humble was another
leader, advancing more than points.
stocks Of companies affiliated with
the rapidly expanding aeroplane in
dustry continued in demand under
leadership of Niles -Bement-Pond.
Around 160 the price was up IA points
Canadian Marconi opened on a
block of $4,000 shares at 16. The pre-
vlouS final was 1873. Current demand
Tor all Marconi issues reflected the
recent action of the British government
IN assigning wireless and telegraph
companies to private ownership under
government supervision.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
FEW EARLY STATUES
OF BUDDHA FOUND
Artists Deliberately Refrained
From Depicting Leader Of
Religious Group.

Since statues of Buddha are SO COM
monty seen nowadays, 1t perhaps is not
generally known, according to the
National Museum, that in the early
period of Buddhism no image Of this
leader appeared. 1t seems that
Buddhist artists deliberately abstained
from attempting to model or depict
the human form of the divine founder
of their religion. His presence was in
dicated by certain signs OF his activity
or symbols which referred to the main
events or crises of his life.
1t was about the beginning of the
Christian era-four or five centuries
after Buddha's death-that his efigy
was brought into common use and soon
became the leading feature Of Buddhist
decoration.
Buddhism arose at the end of the
sixth or beginning of the fifth century
B. G. as a schism or reformation of
Brahamanism in India. It's founder was
Gautama. son of Suddhodanna of the
family Gautarna, who lived in the
Ganges Valley. Gautama is the family
name while Buddha is not a proper or
personal name, but merely title.
Later tradition has woven around the
person and career of Buddha a mass Of
myths and legends. For IS years he
went about from place to place in the
valley of the Ganges, proclaiming his
good tidings and gathering around him
q small band of faithful followers. The
substance of the teachings of Buddha
he's been briefly summarized as follows:
/, existence is inseparable from sor-
row; 2. the causes of sorrow are pas
Sions and desires; 8, the cessation of
sorrow through the extinction of the
passion; 4, the way to cessation by fol-
lowing the eigi1t-fold path.
Buddhism was originally restricted to
an order of monks and nuns who lived
in monaSterieS and we're vowed to cell
bacy. poverty and obedience. The fol-
lowing 10 commandments were given to
members of the order: l, Not to kill or
even injure any sentiment being; 2, not
to steal; 3, not to commit adultery; 4,
not to lie or use any manner of I'M
proper speech, 5. not to use intoxicat-
ing drinks; 6, not to take repaSts at i'm
proper times, that is after midday: Z,
not to attend dances, plays and public
spectacleS; 8, not to wear costly raj
ment and garlands or use perfumes;
8, not to use high seats and beds; 10,
not to receive gold or silver.
Long before Buddha's death, however,
it became ilnpracticable for all nis ad-
herents to retire from the world and
join the order. On these lay-belisvers
OILY the first five of the 10 injunctions
are obligatory. Among the virtues rec
commended to the masses are reverence
to parents and teachers, care for wife
and children, submission to authority
control over self, patience, forbearance,
humility and contentment, alns-giving
and respect for the life of all living
things Buddhism is divided into two
great schools which are themselves sub
divided into many sects and subsectS.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
Rodies N'urned to Mummies.

In the va llted basement of the
Church of st. ! Michan, in Dublin, there
is an exhibit ! # naturally raummified
hodies which vals the sights to be
seen In the C, ! acombs of Paris and
Rome. The ba I sment has been used
fob for burial purpc IS for five centuries,
the cofins being / \ ed one on the other
and the weight OF the upper ones has
tally exposed man5, of the bodies to
view. These bodies , ',aye not gone to
dust, as is usual, n 1t have become
mummified through tA = action Of ma
ture. The generally ccepted theory,
alive quality Of the val q IS. is that the
air is chemically impre p aated by the
remains Of the oak fcrest which stood
there in ancient times. so long as the
vaults are kept perfectly dry. decay
ceases. Let only a little . DISTURB en-
ter, then bodies and CON q S crumbie
into fine dust.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
VIRGINIA FARMERS
SEEK BETTER PRICES
Cooperation Among Potato Grow.
ers Urged as Aid in
Marketing.
BY the Associated Press.

oy tHe ASSOCIATED PTeSS
RICHMOND, Va, November 26.-
Cooperation among farmers on the
Eastern Shore of Virginia as a means
OF solving the problem of low prices
for potatoes is strongly recommended
IN a preliminary report made by the
United States Bureau of Agricultural
Economics in cooperation with the Vir-
gin1a Agricultural Experiment Station
and the University of Maryland.
Work is now being done by potato
growers of Virginia, Maryland, North
Carolina and South Carolina toward or
ganizing the farmers and bringing about
better prices. An intrastate steering
committee Is being formed, together
with four subcommittee in each State.
The subcommittees will study market
information and acreage stabilization.
speculative credit stabiliZation, sub
Stitute crops and enterprises, and wider
market coordination and better mar
ket practices.
In the report of conditions on the
Eastern Shore, T. B. Nanny of the Fed
eral Bureau of Agricultural Economics
says, Better returns to the farmers
might be obtained if substantially all of
the early and second early crop moving
to the principal consuming markets of
the united states cOuld be included
under one marketing arrangement Il
is almost equally true, however, accord
ing to the opinions of these farmer
leaders, that any one section that pro-
duces as heavily as Eastern Shore might
secure most of the advantages of or
ganized marketing and yet be able to
face competition from other sections
At least it ought to stop some of the
harmful results of competition between
selling agencies within the section.
However large or small the section
may be, it must be emphasized strongly
that the farmers, practically 100 per
cent of them, throughout the region
included in any plan of organized mar
keting must be active in organizing, op-
Grating and controlling the system. The
key to the situation is in the hands of
the farmers themselves.
Evening star., 1928-11-26
Union Observance Planned.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

GpeclaI Dispatch to The Star.
FRONT ROYAL, Va, November 26.-
Union Thanksgiving services here win
be held at the Baptist Church. Rev. T.
w. Tayloe, rector Of the Episcopal
Church, preaching. The morning prayer
viii be offered by Rev. DR.. r. L. Fuitz.
pastor of the Methodist Church, and
Pev. II. w: Shannon of the Presbyterian
Church viii pronounce the benediction.
Special music will be provided. The
Pine Hill Hunt Club will celebrate with
number of special events besides the
regular hunts and drags. THURSDAY the
club members and friends will assemble
9t Sunset Lodge for a hunt breakfast,
They viii start for hunt through the
pine hills. Friday the club will give a
dance.