davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1928-11-21
U. S. STUDENTS IN ROME.
Group Received With Royal Hon
ors by Governor Of City.

ROME, November 81 CP.-A party of
American university and prep school
students now visiting in Italy was re-
eeived with royal honors at the his
toric capital of Rome, the Oldest func-
tioning city hall in the world, yester-
day. Prince Boncamragni LudoviSi, gov
ernor of the Eternal City, was their
3aost.
The American students hailed from
81 different institutions.
Prof. e. w. Smith Of Colgate Univer-
Eity, in charge of the tour, thanked the
governor for the hospitality.
Evening star., 1928-11-21

Lieut.. Col. John e. Munroe, Ord
nance Department, has been relieved
from duty with the War Department
General Staff and assigned to the COM
inand of the Frankford Arsenal, near
Philadelphia, and Maj. Cleveland H.
Bandholtz. Ordnance Department, has
been transferred from the Office of
chief Of ordnance, Munitions Building,
TO the War Department General staff.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
UNITED STATES
in WORLD WAR
Ten Years Ago Today.

Opening the fourth Liberty loan drive
in New York City. President Wilson
stirS an audience of 5000 Liberty loan
women by asserting that the peoples of
the world are sweeping statesmen and
rulers before them. and have taken
the issues of the war into their own
hands and have resolved that Justice
and peace shall be established on earth
by the complete defeat of the arbitrary
and ruthless rule of force repre-
Sented by Germany. = The list
American Army continues its drive. and
captures more towns and 5000
more prisoners. Savage counterattacks
by PruSSian Guard troops were renl1Ised
by cur men. many of them fighting for
the first time. The American advance
precipltated an engagement of great
intensity. German resistance becom-
Ing desperate as the Americans near
their Kriemhilde lines. French
troops in the battle line east of
Reims make further advance and
have taken more than 10000 prisoners
in two days. together with more than a
dozen villages and important strategic
points. Attacking before dawn.
Halgs forces advance on a 14-mile
'front.', cross the Canal du Nord and
pierce the Hindenburg line at several
points. Bulgaria asks armi-
Stice OF allies for purpose of discussing
peace. Four hundred and
ninety-four casualties. released today
oy the War Department, contain 139
killed in action.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
Absurdity Is Cited
About Vote Pest
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
The "don't-throW-aW away -your-vote"
pest is again busy in our midst, warn
ing not to throw away your vote" on
a candidate who may not win. The idea
of this fellow seems to be that any vote
cast for losing candidate is lost"
vote. A moments thought will show
the utter absurdity of this view, which
apparently holds that the ballot is
solely a means of selecting public Of
flcials. Carried to its logical conclusion,
this view would require citizens to dis
regard their convictions and vote only
for the party and candidates they be-
lieve will surely win. And, then, if they
guess wrong, they "lose' their votes
according to the "dont-throw- away
your-vote" boys.
Elections are more than a mere
method of selecting public servants
They are means of revealing public
sentiment, of giving each citizen a
voice in the Government. They give
the voter an opportunity to have hand
in the government of Nation, city and
State. Looking at elections from this
standpoint, the vote cast for the So
cialist and other minority parties is not
lost; on the contrary, it is equally as
important as the vote of the winning
party. If you vote as you believe you
have made good use of your ballot,
though you may be alone among many
thousands. The only vote that is lost"
is the vote that is not cast at all.
OLIVER E. CARRUTH.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
Law Against Boxing
In Virginia Quoted

To the Editor of The Star:
An announcement appears in last
Sundays Star of the organization and
incorporation of proposed Club" to
permit boxing" and similar events at
Arlington Beach. I have no knowledge
Of the exact plans for the conduct of
these event., Wit if the editor will per-
nit me wish to call attention to GER
tain sections of the Virginia Code OF
1924. which read as follows:
PIP. 4426-Prize fighters. pugiliSm
and fights between men and animals:
how punished.-Any person who shall
voluntarily engage in a pugilistic en-
counter between man and man or a
fight between a man and bull or any
other animal for money or other thing
of value or for any championship, or
upon the result of which any money
or eny thing of value is bet or waged
or to see which any admission fee Is
charged, either directly or indirectly,
shall be deemed guilty of felony, and
upon conviction shall be punished by
confinement in the penitentiary not
less than one nor more than five years.
BY the term 'pugilistic encounter as
used in this section is meant any volun-
tary fight or personal encounter by
blows by means of the fists or other
wise. whether with or without gloves,
between two or more men for money
or for a prize of any character or for
any other thing Of value or for any
championship or upon the result of
which any money or thing of value is
bet or wagered. (Cole, 1887, PIP. 1893;
1895-96. p. 546.)
"Pp. 4427-Their aiders and abettors |;
how punished.-Whoever is present at
such fight as an aid. second or surgeon,
or advises, encourages or promotes such
fight, shall. in the discretion of the
jury, be punished by confinement in
the penitentiary not exceeding three
years, or by fine not exceeding $500, or
both. Code, 1887, PIP. 3694)"
1t will be noticed that this law is
practically the same as that of the
District Of Columbia, with the addi-
tional provision that ladders and
abettors' are subject to penal provi-
SionS.
AS a citizen of Arlington County.
may express the hope, which I believe
is common to Arlington people, that
nothing is contemplated which the
courts would find to be in violation of
the provisions of this law
DEETS PICKETT,
Research Secretary Board of Temper
ance, Prohibition and Public Morals
OF the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
no-,hor of the Assnniated press
Police Discipline.

Acting on Inspector Pratt's original
suggestion, but adding to it his own
ideas, Mai. Hesse has recommended to
the Commissioners an amendment to
the rules governing disciplining Of po-
licemen for minor offenses which would
permit captains and bureau command
ers to punish officers with extra hours
of duty, cancellation of leave or the
levying of small fines. Under the
Pratt-Hesse plan the police offender
could choose whether he should be
tried by his commanding officer, the
major and superintendent, or the trial
board. All cases tried by the COM
manding officer would be reviewed by
the chief of the department, who would
have the power, however, to refer any
case to the trial board for disposition.
Commissioner Dougherty is reported to
be favorable to the amendment and it
Is considered probable that it will be
adopted.
At the present time all cases, no
matter how trivial, must go to the trial
board unless the defendant chooses to
be tried by Maj. Hesse. Precinct COM
manders have no authority to discipline
their men. This procedure naturally
results in clogging of the trial board
docket and inevitable delay in the dis
position of serious cases before the
board. With this years harvest of
police offenders against the regulations
which has been unusually large, the
weakness of the present system has
been glaringly apparent.
If the amendment is adopted, po-
ncemen who violate the regulations
will be in much the same position as
the motorist who commits some trivial
offense against the traffic laws. The
policeman will appear before his COM
manding officer and will probably be
assessed small fine in the same way
that the motorist would avoid trial by
FORGETTING collateral which he had de-
posted at precinct station. In all
major cases, however, the policeman
would be required to appear before the
trial board as the motorist is compelled
to appear for trial in the court.
1t is obvious that the plan has merit.
To assure success, however, the Com
missioners and the chief Of police
should impress on precinct command
ers that the shifting Of authority to
them can mean but one thing, and
that Is that they should exercise 1t.
The public will never be satisfied If
the trivial offenders under the new
system receive more lenient treatment
at the hands of their immediate SUI
periors than they would from the trial
board. With this phase of the matter
understood, discipline in the depart
ment will be swift and sure and WASH
ington will receive the benefits of a
well policed city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
Failure of Communism Seen
In Russian Bid for Capital

by proven experts developed into losing
ventures They became liabilities in
stead of assets of the communiStic state,
and long ago changes were made to
give executive direction to industry.
Even this did not fill the bill. There was
no incentive of proper reward for real
ability. And so it is now that Russia is
bidding for the investment of foreign
capital in the land"
X x X X
"Soviet Russia has discovered that
there are no fly Specks on foreign gold"
and filthy lucre is to be invited to pay
a visit to the land that detests money"
are the comments of the st. Paul
Pioneer Press. while the South Bend
Tribune sees another step away from
the ,communiStic Utopia" and another
Soviet confession of failure" resulting
in the decision that capitalism is a
necessity, after all"
But Russia needs something else
which is even more difficult to regain
than money" advises the Saginaw Daily
News. 1T needs the confidence and
trust that bolshevism destroyed
RuthlesSly enough, the Soviet destroyed
the credit that Russia once had. and it
is the most difficult thing in the world
to revive" Even further the Waterloo
Tribune warns that. knowing what has
happened and is happening in Russia.
foreigners will be wary of this new at
tempt to introduce capital To-
morrow the radicals, witnessing some
success and fearing encroachment of
capital again, may take over the con-
cessions."
Nevertheless. the Seattle Daily Times
believes that IF Soviet Russia shows by
its acts that 1t is sincere. it is probable
that success will attend its efforts" and
the Kalamazoo Gazette states: stain
evidently realizes that his country needs
the support of foreign capital for the
development of its immense natural
resources. and that such support cannot
be obtained without decided broad
ening of the governments economic
nOlicv"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
Accuracy of Statement
By Hoover Questioned

To the Editor Of The Star:
In an editorial in Saturday nights
Star you commend as wholly admir-
able" Mr.. Hoover's statement that lin
no other land could boy from coun-
try village, without inheritance or in
fiuential friends, look forward with I'M
bounded hope"
I must protest. Was it not generally
conceded, at the time this statement
was made, that it was not in accord
ance with the facts, and that it might
easily give offense abroad, coming from
a candidate for an office involving very
grave international responsibilities
At least one English paper countered,
in a good-natured way, by simple
reference to Lloyd George and Ram
say Macdonald. Italy might instance
Musso!ini. and Germany her President
Ebert. The list might be carried back
through Napoleon to Dick Wilmington,
and beyond, and it might be made to
cover pages.
Genuine patriotism, whether in chill
dren or in adults, is not furthered by
loose thinking.
MISS MAUD G. SEWALL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
Rum.Running Laxity
Of Canada Is Chided

From the Toronto tontario) Daily Star.
1t may be news to many that the
honor OF Canada Is involved in the
prevalence OF rum-running to the
United States. Yet that is not too
strong a statement to make. For on
June 6. 1924, this country pledged itself
in formal treaty with the United States
to deny clearance papers Ito any vessel
carrying cargo consisting of articles the
importation Of which into the territory
OF the United States is prohibited"
The failure of Canada to give effect
to that pledge may be due to the abb
sence of legislation forbidding the ex-
portation of liquor. But those with
whom the treaty was negotiated must
have assumed that the Canadian gov
eminent would take whatever steps were
necessary, whether by administrative
regulation or legal enactment, to make
the pledge of value.
Plainly the people of this country are
violating the comfy of nations, as we'll
as their treaty obligations, in leaving
Lndone anything that would hamper
the actions in this country of the Grim
inal gang that Is engaged in the con-
spiracy to violate the liquor laws Of the
United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27

vention. The Republican organization
in New York has been more or less
shot to pieces by repeated defeats in
State elections in recent years. There
are hopeful signs, it is reported now
that the factions at last are prepared
to get together. If they do not, Re-
publican hopes in New York will not
be high for the election in November.
On the eve of the convention it
appears reasonably sure that At
torney General Ottinger will be the
party nominee for governor, and
that an upstate Republican will be
nominated for the Senate. There
has been talk here and there of bring
ing Wadsworth back into the battle,
but it is discounted. Such a move
would be considered mere political sui
eide under the existing conditions, with
Hoover and Curtis running as drys. and
the upstate dry Republicans ready to
fight again if necessary to prevent the
election of Wadsworth. Alanson B.
Houghton, Ambassador to Great Britain
and former member of the House, Is
widely discussed as a senatorial candi-
date. But Mr.. Houghton's near rela-
lions with the British Empire might
not make for his popularity in a State
where many of the voters are not
overfriendly to the British. Others
who are under consideration are Rep
resentative Smell, chairman of the
House rules committee; Representative
James S. Parker, chairman of the House
interstate and foreign commerce COM
mittee, and Representative Hamilton
Fish.
Ottinger is regarded as a good vote
getter. He was the sole Republican on
the Statewide ticket who was elected
to office two years ago. He is a Jew,
and if elected would be the first of his
race to serve as Governor of New York.
OF one thing the Republican leaders
may be reasonably sure: When the
Democrats hold their State convention
in Rochester next week there will be
harmony aplenty. Gov. Smith will hurry
back from his Western campaign tour
to be present. New York's Democracy
is taking no chances this year. 1t is
bent on sending Gov. Smith to the
White House, and all other personal
ambitions will be sacrificed to this end.
The very best ticket which can be Sc
lected, with view to aiding the ma
tional ticket in New York, will be picked.
1t is practically assured that Senator
Royal S. Copeland will be renominated.
He is Protestant. He has made many
friends in the State, and he has DEM
onstrated complete loyalty to Gov.
Smith, coming out as wet more than
a year ago. The Democratic nominee
for governor is still in the making so
far as the public is aware. Franklin D.
Roosevelt, Senator Wagner, Owen D.
Young are some of the men who have
been mentioned. Whether any of them
will be chosen remains to be seen.
There has been no rush for the hon.
or, apparently, among them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
Chicago Starts Housecleaning.

A CLEAN Of hope comes from Chi
cago in the form Of dispatch received
recently telling Of a roundup of
criminals effected the other day in three
raids conducted by deputy commits
sioner Of the police. Twenty-Five men
and two women were arrested and it is
stated that as result of these cap
lures more than one hundred crimes
have been solved. These raids were
evidently planned with unusual care.
The persons taken are said to be men,
bers Of one big gang that practices
crime in all its branches. The leader,
whose sobriquet is big jack" some
times varied as big Leo" is still at
large and is being sought. The gang
sters, taken in different groups and
isolated" when put to question, were
evidently frightened into telling the
truth. Police stenographers were kept
busy throughout the night taking their
statements and confessions. Among
the crimes which it is said have been
confessed are the Staying of a private
Waterman during a hold-up, Septem-
Der 8; the shooting and serious wound
Ing OF two policemen and the Staying
OF John Pecora at cafe September
81; the daylight hold-up of the Davis
Hotel September 9; pay roll robbery
In a newspaper Office July %, and an
unsuccessful similar attempt at another
newspaper Office July 80. One of the
men, who, under quiz, told of partici-
patton in several of these crimes, was
identified as member of a gang that
held up bank in Lafayette, Ind, last
November. He, however, would not talk
of that robbery, saying in demurrer,
Lets stick to the Chicago stuff. "
There was evidently plenty Of Chi
cago stuff" for purposes of conversa-
ton.
Chicago'S criminal complex is not
solved by any means by this series of
raids and these confessions. There re-
main the gangs, mainly composed of
foreigners, who have terrorized the
city and whose score Of murders is ap-
pallingly long. The fact that many OF
their crimes have been committed
against rival gangsters does not lessen
the obligation to ferret them out and
punish them. The spectacle of elab-
crate and expensive funerals for VIC
Tins of these gang wars is blot upon
Chicago's record. Utterly lawless
shameleSsly defiant. corrupt TO the las
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
The New York Conventions.

New York Republicans are to gather
In Syracuse tomorrow to pick their cam
didate for governor, United States Sem
ator and to write the party platform
for the State. Much Importance hangs in
the balance. A strong State ticket, to
which all factions Of the G. o. p.
may give whole-hearted adherence,
naturally would aid the Republican ma
tional ticket in State where the ma
tional election is to be a desperate
contest. Harmony is the chief desid-
eratum of the Republicans in the En-
pire State-harmony and organization
The latter cannot be expected without
the former.
Two years ago the Republicans held
their State convention In New York
City. There was extreme bitterness.
1t arose principally over the wet and
dry issue, with many of the upstate
Republicans deeply resenting the re-
nomination of James w. Wadsworth,
jr., for Senator because of his decla-
rations against prohibition and the
eighteenth amendment. But the sup
porters of former Senator Wadsworth
were in control. He was renominated
and Ogden Mills. present Undersecre-
tary Of the Treasury, was named for
governor to run against Gov. Smith
What happened thereafter is a matter
of history. The bitterness which was
manifested at the State convention and
/ in the committee meetings continued
on into the campaign. The dry wing
of the Republican party, fighting mad,
put a candidate Of its own in the field
for Senator, running as an independent
Republican, and Wadsworth was doomed
to defeat almost before the race was
under way. The dry senatorial candi-
date received some 100000 votes, and
Senator Wagner, ardent Smith man
and Tammany leader, was elected to
the Senate seat which had been held
for O dozen years by Senator Wads-
worth. Mr.. Mills lost to Gov. Smith.
F. Many Of the same leaders will at
tend the coming Republican State con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
Left Turn Protest
Landed by Autoist
To the Editor OF The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
I want to congratulate you on your
editorial Protesting the Left Turn"
That turn has brought nothing but con-
fusion and delay and certainly ought
to go. But with it ought to go also the
awkward and confusing left turn where
there are traffic lights. I toured $500
miles through the Eastern States and
Canada this Summer and never met
that awkward turn once. What do
tourists do when they come to Wash
ington? Not having before met so
senseless regulation, they must make
many mistakes.
1t makes one feel cheap to hear
people outside of Washington refer to
Washington's traffic regulations. Some
where back of Washingtons traffic regu-
lations there is woeful lack of in
telligence, but just where the lack lies
I do not know.
do not know. w. C.. RUEDIGER,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-27
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

What do you need to know? Is there
some point about your business or per-
sonal life that puzzles you? Is there
something you want to know withou.
delay? Submit your question to Fred
eric j. Haskin, director of our Wash
| ington Information Bureau. He is en-
ployed to help you. Address your in
quiry to the Evening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic j. Haskin. director.
Washington, D. c., and incloSe 2 cents
in coin or stamps for return postage.
G. &.
A. They are of uniform size, having
diameter of AZ feet.
@. How many books are in the IL
brary of George Washington Univer-
4. There are $4,000 volumes in the
library of this school,
@. How long has the source Of the
Nile been known?-R. A. l..
A. Since remote antiquity the Nile
has been famous for the civilizations
developed on its banks. Its sources,
however remained mystery until re-
cent times. In 1858 Lake Victoria was
Albert was found by Baker.
O. Are wooden soled shoes worn by
men when breaking up coke around
refineries?-H. r. T.
A. The Bureau of Mines says that
| wooden-sOled shoes are worn by GER
tain workmen at refinerieS when break
ing up the coke which has been de-
posted in the stills. There remains
considerable heat in the stills and be-
cause of this the workers wear wooden
soled shoes and other protective de-
vices.
@. When was the first school opened
in AlaSka?-M. E.
A. The first known school in Alaska
was opened at Three Saints, Kodiak
Island, 1785, by Shelikof, a Russian
trader, to afford religious and secular
training. All schools are now under
the Bureau of Education.
@. Does the Government control the
supply of helium in this country?-
A. N.
A. Until recently it did. but with the
opening of new plant to extract
helium at Amarillo, Tex, helium has
been placed on the open market.
Q. How old is Jascha Heifetz, who
was recently married to Florence
Vidor?-L. T.
A. The violinist is 81 years of age.
Q. How did coats-of-arms originate?
&C. E. C.
A. The coat-of-arms is a relic of
medieval times of the armorial insignia
which was embroidered on the cloth
worn over the armor to render knight
c -spicuous in battle. Heraldry was
it was necessary for a knight to have
some mark by which he might be
known. Later the emblems were sys-
tematized and recorded.
@. Is salt water denser than fresh
water?-W. A. H.
A. Sea water is about 3 per cent
denser than fresh water.
O. How many miles Of track are
there in the United States for electric
street railways and interurbans?-
j. L. G.
A. The American Electric Railway
Association says that the number Of
miles of track December 81, 1927, was
41,738.62.
". WndC QOeS III mean When a leCteT
is returned to sender with the word
fraudulent" stamped upon it?-K. B.
A. 1t means that a fraud order has
been issued against the company.
O. What part of the ordinary re-
ceipts of the Treasury does the income
tax furnish?-L. H.
A. In the fiscal year 1927 the total
ordinary receipts of the United States
Treasury Department amounted to
S4.128,422, 88761, of which amount ST.