davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23
Ouy Red Army

Ten wears ago TODAY with the Guard of the proetaran
revolution its nucleus began the organization OF the ed
characterized by he iron baaons of the proetarat
Today is the anniversary of the Red Army's birth
What today Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, the
and peasants only possible because
Boshev Party steeed the revolutionary struggle realized
that only the armed proearat could the defense OF the
revolution against its enemies.
Red Army the proarian revolution not an ordinary
hold them in subsection. 1t is peoples
army that defends the revolution against all forces reaction
within and without their country.
anniversary is imperative that workers of
the mperast countries to realize the fundamental differ
Army the of capitalist countries
The Red Army fights for the workers and the peasants while the
mperst armies fight against the workers and peasants OF the
entire world The former of liberation from the thra
capitalism while the latter is maintained to perpetuate
and extend the tyranny of Imperialism.
particularly imperative that this Tenth Anniversary of
the Birth of the Red Army be the beginning of intensified
drive the of the vanguard of the working class OF the
world against pacs illusions Those who in the of
all armies and all u the workers into false
security and thereby aid the mperas preparations
The words about NEW democratic era wherein all
lions settled around conference tables efforts to dis
the workers and make them of the
who the preparations for and more bloody
pacfist phrases to conceal their conspiraces
In commemorang the Tenth Anniversary of the Red Army
the proetarat the world is paying homage nationalist
army The Red Army the of the whole working class,
defending the outpost of the world proetaran revolution
duty the working class of the whole world to
its Red Army and the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics
anst all mperas attempts against it. Unlike the nationalist
mperalist the world the Red Army has tremendous
country the face of the earhthe
proearat of the mperlalSt countries and the aWak
l of the colonial and semi-colonial countries
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23
Young Communists and the Red Army

ing. In Moscow, the youth organ
lied themselves under the auspices of
the Moscow Bolshevik Committee and
were entirely under it's leadership.
We had information that young
workers. organizations were organized
in the Urals, in the Ukraine, Rostov,
Baku, etc, and had entered the strug-
gle under the Bolshevik banners
against the nobility and the capital
lists.
The young workers were prepared
for the revolutionary instruction in
all large industrial centres together
with the other workers.
Active in Red Guards.
In the Red Guard detachments, they
took an active part.
In Petrograd, SO young workers out
of $40 working in the "Novy Peruvian
inen" Works Joined the Red Guards.
In the "Novy Liessner" Works, 40 out
of total of 267 Joined the Red
Guards. The executive committees of
the youth organizations were actively
engaged in organizing Red Guard de-
tachments. The youth played such an
important role in the Red Guard de
tachments that Lenin said in let
ter to the Central Committee before
the October upheaval, in which he
gives instructions re the organiza-
ton of the instruction, that it is
pecessary ito bring forward the
staunchest elements of our fighting
detachments and the working youth
(Lenin's emphasis) and the best ele-
ments among the sailors, and to or
ganize them into small sections for
the occupation of the most important
positions, for participation every
where and in all most important oper-
atoms"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

cation to official posts; (c) the Y.
C. L. carries on in the army agita-
tional and propaganda work; (d) the
Y. c. L. mobilizes its girl members
to the front as Red Cross nurses, etc.
The second mobilization was sue
cessful, and the decision of the con-
gress was enthusiastically carried out
by the Y. C. L. organizations.
The daily papers reported: I'm
Ekaterinoburg when the delegates
returned from the Second Congress
and announced the mobilization, the
enthusiasm of the youth was beyond
description. The nuclei were anxious
to get to the front. Boys and girls
ID years Of age came to the Commits
sary of War and demanded to be sent
to the front. The mobilization brought
in three thousand young workers at
an average age of 16 years and ex-
rerienced Red Cross nurses"
We read in the "Pravda" of that
time the following communications:
"April 25-Skopin, Rianzansk Gu
hernia. The League is going to the
front in full force.
"May 1.-The Tsaritzin organiza-
ton left for the front in full force.
''The Novgorod organization has
been entirely modified. Reports are
coming in about the mobilization in
Tver, Kursk, the Ukraine, ETC."
The Ukrainian League modified
1900 members in the autumn of 1928
in the struggle against the remnants
of the Southern counter-revolutionary
forces which, after Denikin's defeat,
revived again under Wrangel's lead
crship with the purpose of drawing
away some of the military forces of
Soviet Russia.
Ito Be Continued).
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

Thus the youth was the staunchest
and most progressive element in the
Red Guards.
The Moscow Youth League also took
most serious part in the October bat
ties.
After October.
After the October victory the youth
continued in the service of the Red
Guards in defence of the young Soy
let republic. The aristocracv and the
bourgeoisie did not Immediately be-
come reconciled to the loss of their
land, factories, banks and their state
power. With the help of British,
American and French imperialism,
and supported by the Mensheviks and
social revolutionaries, they succeeded
in all parts of Soviet Russia in or
ganizing counter revolutionary bands
against the Soviet government.
The Soviet government replied to
this menace by organizing the Red
Army, which grew to the extent that
the danger increased, and by 1920 had
100000 in it's ranks. The Y. c. L.
took direct part in the organization
Of the Red Army and its battles by
organizing mass notifications among
the members, by means of carrying
on extensive organization, by means
of organizing the Soviet rear, and by
means of undermining the ranks of
the enemy through underground work
in the enemy's rear.
Mobilization.
The first all-Russian mobilization
of the youth took place in connection
with the menace on the Eastern front
(April, 1919. The Petrograd Y. c..
L. organization sent 20 per cent of its
members. The organizations in towns
near the front sent in many cases
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23
Coal Miners Organising for
Greater Struggles
The tide of mitancy the United Mine Workers is rs

than onehalf months after the strike which
began April 1927 and during which the coal barons and
their have piled the heaviest possible burdens
the miners and their families affecting all sections of the union
addition the Pennsylvania and Ohio sections where the rug
gle the most bitter and the persecution fieres the miners show
determination only continue the struggle but to
extend it and intensity it in every possible way.
The miners know that their union is in the deepest crisis
history they understand its causes they fixing
sby organizing defeat the coal barons and their
drive the officials who have betrayed them and build
union which resist all attacks of its enemies.
Reports every important district the United Mine
Workers bear the above conclusions The miners the
march The present officials have refused lead them to
struggle and they finding other leaders The struggle
itself is producing a and militant leadership
In Ohio Pennsylvania Illinois anthracite rank and
file conferences have been held These conferences both the
number of delegates and the fighting spirit which marked
them show that the rank and file does not intend to allow Pres
den Lewis and his district machines to surrender them to the
coal barons
The Save the Union which elected by
these conferences composed of trusted rank and file mants
district subdsret and local union officials who either
have been always in opposition to the Lewis machine have
broken with it entirely.
The program adopted by these conferences not with
the exception that provides for challenge the Lewis
machine and the question of the organization and main
of the union at all costs first the order OF
its other essentials the program contains those demands for which
the left wing has been fighting for The with its
emphasis the organization of the nonunon fields the spread
of the strike national for the btumnous and
the anthracite abolition of corruption in the union and labor
party would adopted and applied three years have
vented the present crisis and confronted the coal barons with
embracing least 100000 of the 100000 coal miners
continent.
The rank are preparing national
centrze the struggle against the coal barons their
government and the Lewis machine After ten and onehaf
months terrific struggle developments in the anthracite
larger forces mobng the union defeat
the coal barons and their allies inside the union.
Important the struggle has been still important
struggles lie close ahead For the whole working class the battle
of the the deepest significance hardly much
say that the life of the labor hinges upon the
tory Of the miners The fight must not be confined to the coal
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

The International Women's Day
Committee, composed of representa-
tives of organizations of working
women in New York City have issued
call for a demonstration to be held
at Central Opera House on Sunday,
March A, at 2 p. m.
The call is signed by the following
among others: Rose Wortis, Dress
makers Union; Ellen Dawson, Pas
sale Textile Workers Union; Lena
Greenberg, Furriers Union Clarina
Nicholson, Miners Relief Conference;
Ann Washington Grafton, Sylvia
BECKER, Millinery Workers Union;
Juliet Stuart Poyntz, Workers Par
ty; Pauline Royce, Harriet Silver
man, American Women's Delegation
to Soviet Russia; Ella Wolfe, Work
ers School; Rose Baron, International
Labor Defense; Marion Emerson, In
ternational Workers Aid; Ray Rago-
Tin, Women's Conference for Miners
Relief; Regina Lilienstein, United
Council of Working Women; Regina
Brusila, Finnish Working Women's
Clubs; Helen Yeskevich, Lithuanian
Women's Clubs.
The text of the call follows:
To the Working Women of New
York City:
International Women's Day on
March is an occasion upon which
the working women Of various coun-
tries meet to discuss their condition
of life and work, to formulate pro
gram for their betterment and to
demonstra' the sentiments of inter-
national friendship and solidarity
that bind them to working women
of other countries.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

these sleading citizens" are today
preparing a new and more terrible
war than humanity has ever known.
And they are today preparing to at
tack Soviet Russia because the Rus
sian workers have taken over the
government and the industries and
are building new cooperative So
ciety free from the domination of
Wall Street. These parasites of Wall
Street, men and women, are danger
to the working class and to the wom-
en- and children who are being drawn
into the new war. The working wom-
en- of New York in the workshop and
in the home must stand together with
all other working women of America
from New York to San Francisco to
protect themselves and their children
against the danger Of war. On In
ternational Women's Day they MUS
send a greeting to the working wom-
en- of all other countries who like
themselves are toiling and suffering,
bearing their feeling of friendship
and comradeship, and their determine
alton to join with them in the labor
struggle against the exploiters in all
countries. They must stand with the
working women of Soviet Russia who
are toiling in the factories and on the
farm to build. better society for
themselves and their children.
The women workers must organize
to fight the exploitation of the en-
ployers, the landlord and the traction
interests, to protect herself and her
brother worker against injunctions,
anti-labor laws and police clubs, to
fight the international war-trust Of
Wall Street and it's armies and navies.
Women workers must demand:
Better working and living condi-
lions.
Work or wages for unemployed
working women.
Workers Insurance, including
motherhood insurance.
Better homes and better schoolsl
Abolition of child laborl
Down with war and the prepara-
tion for war!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

life of the department store worker
unbearable.
High Rents.
High rents prevent the woman
worker from having real home. The
high cost of clothing eats a hole in
her tiny income until there is little
left for food, and the subway rush
adds two hours to the working day
and ruins her health and nerves! The
condition Of women wage earners in
New York is terrible one in which
they are hardly organized to fight
the employers, the landlords and the
traction interests.
And the working woman in the
home! Often she works in the shop
as we'll and has the problem of house
work and motherhood as we'll as the
shop. Or she tries to add to the
family income with the slavery OF
home work. She struggles to make
ends meet and find food, clothing and
shelter for her little ones in the face
of low wages, high rents, strikes and
unemployment. Her husbands strug-
gle in the shop is her struggle, and
she takes her place by his side on
the picket line. Her own struggle
as housewife against the high cost
of living, against bad housing and
bad school conditions, she carries on
thru her own organizations, thru
housewives councils, mothers leagues,
working women's clubs. The working
woman in the home must organize
and Join fin the labor struggle today
as well as the woman in the shop.
Here in New York there are, too,
those other women, the wives Of Wall
Street, who spend a million dollars
for pearl necklace while their sis
tiers slave, who while away their time
at Palm Beach and Newport, whose
husbands are the bankers of Amer
ica--stretching out greedy hands to-
day over the whole world trying to
dominate all other countries by the
power of their gold--Mexico, Nicara-
qua, China, which are fighting for
their independence are the victims OF
their gunboats and airplanes.
These business men Of Wall Street,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

their entire membership. At the same
time those Y. c. L. members who re-
manned in the rear learned the use of
arms in order to have experience in
case of another mobilization. The
strenuous efforts of the Soviet repub-
lie on the Eastern front had their
results. The Red forces started an
offensive. The press reported that
exclusively young Communists are
engaged on the northern flank of the
offensive at the Eastern front. Many
sections have almost one-half consist
ing of young Communists in their
ranks"
The mobilization Of forces for the
Eastern front enabled the Southern
Observation-Disclosures under Denik-
ms leadership to organize and to
start an offensive. The enemy reach
ed Orel and mensced Moscow. Jointly
with all toilers who exerted their eff
forts in the struggle, the Young Com
part in organizing the defence. A
second mobilization took place. The
Orel. Tula, Voronezh, Tombov, Ria
zansk, and Loluzsk organizations
modified 80 per cent of their mem
bers.
Congress Acts.
The Second Congress of the Y. c..
L. (1918) on deciding to mobilize its
membership gave clear instructions
concerning the participation Of the
Y. C. Reorganization and members in
the formation of the Red Army. The
most important points of that decision
were: (a) that members of the Y. C.
L. now in the army must show an
example as staunch revolutionary
fighters: (b) the Y. c. L. advances
the staunchest members of the organi-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

The women workers of New York
should be among the first to partici-
pate in such a celebration on Inter
national Women's Day. The hun
dreds Of thousands of women toilin
in the factories, shops, stores al
offices of this city should on Into
national Woman's Day take thong
for themselves, for their sisters i
other countries and for their brother
of the working class struggling 70
a livelihood in the miserable condi
lions under which workers must tot
today.
Great Wealth, Great Poverty.
Now York City is the greatest
center of wealth and luxury today
III .ne woriu, out the workers of iris
CT y, and especially the working
women of New York, are not getting
enough to keep body and soul to-
gether. The great army of girls VIII
work in offices in this city are sink
ing down into terrible condition OF
underpayment and overwork. Lit lie
better than the machines work en- all
day long, they strain every nerve to
produce speedy work, and sacrifice
their you h and strength to the great
god Business.
The wages of clerical workers are
sinking lower and lower every year
with the recruiting of tens of thous-
ands of new workers from the
schools. Helpless, defenseleAs, I'M
organized, heir condition is one of
yrowing misery.
Suffering in Needle Trades.
The tens of thousands of women
who work in the needle trades, dress
makers, furriers, milliners and others
who have put up a brave fight fol
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

years for better conditions and trade
union organization, are suffering to-
day from bitter attack of the en-
ployers. Their hard-won standards
wages and hours, the fruit of many
tier struggles, are under the en-
overs fire The bosses, taking adj
1ntage of the anarchic conditions
! the industry and the internal
ruggle in the union, are outdoing
lch other in reducing wages and
ngthening hours. And general I'M
mploymeI.t makes the lot of the
oman needle worker still worse,
Fhile police clubs, injunctions, and
all sentences meet her on the picket
inc when she goes on strike to i'm
prove her conditions.
The mattresses of New York work
under nerve-wrecling conditions
which leave them a physical wreck in
a few years. They must exc out a liv-
ing with uncertain tips and work ir-
regular hours without places of rest.
Textile Victims.
The women textile workers in the
towns around New York have for
years been the victims of a terrible
system of exploita ion. More and
more work is forced upon them year
by year, but their wages go down.
More looms to run, more spindles
TO tend, more hours to work, low
wages and unemployment, this is the
lot of he woman textile worker in
Passaic, Paterson and other centers.
Scores Of lesser industries in and
around New York use up the strength
and vitality of working women, over
work them and pay them starva ion
Notwithstanding, cigarette fac
tories, flower and feather shops,
brush factories, candy factories,
hitting mills.
The great department stores of
New York: Macy's, Altman's, Gin
5eps, Wanamaker's, employ tens of
thousand Of women under the worst
condi ions--not even living wage.
Unhealthy conditions of work, stand
ing all day long, unpaid overtime,
petty fines and tyrannies. make the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

'Is it not natural that the Youth
predoninates in our revolutionary
party? We are the Party of the
future, and the future belongs to
the Youth. We are Party of in
novators, and the Youth always
readily follows innovators. We are
a Party of self-sacrificing struggle,
struggle against everything that is
old and decayed, and the Youth will
always be the first ones to enter a
struggle of self-sacrifice.
F. ENGELS.
THE February revolution Of 1911
aroused broad sections of the work
ing youth. The young workers, the
mass of them, rallied to the Bolshe-
vik banners. In the report of the
"Pravda" MAY 8, 1910 on the May
Day demonstration, we read: "Regi-
ments of workers marched to the
Marsovo Polye from early morning
The young factory workers constitut-
ed the vanguard. They had plat
form "a motor lorry) on the field
On the platform there was a fiery
young speaker. He delivered fiery
speech on the significance of May
First and the futility of imperialist
war. The young speakers replaced
each other under stormy applause"
Struggle Commences.
A struggle was going on in the
ranks of the youth beginning with
the February revolution up to the
October revolution. In that struggle
the Bclshevik wing soon achieved the
upper hand in Petrograd. The Social
list Young Workers League, organized
on August 18th, 1917, sent it's greet
ings to Lenin who was then in hid
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23

mining industry but be broadened to include all the forces of the
working class.
1t the task of party to engage in this struggle
decisive force drawing together all sections of the working class
proetaan army forming the base of the militant
labor movement which must be built.
The miners the march and decisive battles certain
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-02-23
Workers Make
Up Red Army,
Figures Reveal

The figures below deal with the So
cial composition of the Red Army
officers, showing that more than so
per cent of them come from peasants
and workers as contrasted with the
old czarist army anC all the imperi-
alist forces. The chart below shows
the military expenditures for the de-
tense of the Scvet Union as com.
pared with the expenditures by those
countries preparing to war on sns
Workers Republic:
Red Army Of Czarist Army Of
ficers Come ficers Come
From: From:
Peasants $40 Nobility 51&o
Workers 800 Bourgeoisie 419o
Employees go Peasants $50
Soldiers Military Ex-
Per 10000 pense Per
Country Population lnhabitant
Soviet Union ......41 2.S7 rubles
Finland ...........95 755
Roumania ..........95 $50
Poland ...........98 11.o0
Latvia ............1oo e.52
Esthonia 1926 600
Evening star., 1928-05-05
The linn of TIN e
Hawk and Raven
BY
George Barr
NcCutcheon

copvrrht Iu.s nv Metropolitan Newspaper Service