Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-06-24
ITALY MUST USE CARE
IN BALKAN POLICIES
Cannot Afford to Initiate Hapsburgs,
as Paramount Interest lis Held
to Be Peace.

MT. NeniZeiOS set T0rJn MS reasons
he was sure of success. Mr.. Lloye
George looked happy at having dlscov'
cred the heroes of old Greece. l wa;
the only one who replied, opposing
Veniselos' arguments by showing tn;
danger that Greece would run. fin
iShed my reply with these words:
My only regret is that the attitude
of Italy should be attributed to want Of
sympathy or even distrust toward
Greece. I feel myself, on the contrary
inspired by sentiments of deep concern
for her true interests. Italy is strong
enough to wish rich neighbors. We
want prosperous and peaceful neighbors
/ out of idealiStic reasons. but also out oil
| practical reasons. The Greeks, in gain
ing too much, risk losing everything
One may die of hunger-but also ct in
digestion"
I AS Mr.. Lloyd George was looking al
mc with an expression of displeasure
for what he believed or feigned to be-
/ lieve machiavelism. I added:
I am quite sure that i'll this hall
there is at least one person who feels
/ the deep sincerity of my words-and
| that person is Mr.. Venizelos."
When I had finished speaking I en-
J joyed the rare pleasure that one never
/ experiences from the applause of crowds
and parliamentS: looked at Mr., Veni-
| zelos and saw from the expression of
| his open and intelligent face that he
had appreciated the deep sincerity of
/ my words, and that, II only for mo-
/ ment. the realization had come upon
/ too true. But the die was cast, ard
/ eve WOODY knows in what tragic fashion
| Il ended for Greece later.
Future of Italy.
What I said for Greece a few years
ago. deeply feel now for our policy in
the Balkans. I do not think that there
are two different historical and moral
laws--one for the small and one for the
big. If Italy is sure-as she must be
of her future. she has a paramount in
tereSt in working for peace and conf
dent friendships in the Balkans, so that
they may become, Intellectually and in
dustrially, her best and nearest markets.
Even little Greece might have won for
herself good economical position or
new territory had it not been for her
foolish war
To try mysterious chess games in the
Balkans-secret ouarrels and jealousies
/ which bigger states dare not openly
avow-this would simply mean imitat-
ing old imperial Austria, that domineer-
/ ing Austria, which Joseph de MaiStre,
the great diplomat of the Pisdmontese
monarchy. who had studied the Aus
TRAN policy from two opposing obser-
vation posts, Petersburg and Turin, used
TO describe as always harmful. because
she was never sincere. Itaiy's intentions
are far higher.
Great Possibilities in East.
Italy has great possibilities in the
East: and the path to attain them is
dictated by the very history of her lib
eral and democratic renaissance; MAJ
zini, our great democratic apostle, 90
years ago wrote our political program
for the Balkans, in pages that should
still be our gospel: To foster union
progress and peace among the rising
people of the Balkans: to do, in a word,
just the contrary of what selfish and
short-sighted Vienna always tried to do
there
The Italians did not destroy Austria
Hungary at the Piave and at Vittorio-
Veneto so that they could copy the d.
plomacy of their secular enemy
Historical and geographical parallels
have always. of course q certain amount
OF mental artificiality But last year,
when / left Italy for a long visit to
China. where had been stationed be-
fore the war as young diplomat. 1t was
impossible for melville ! was staying
In Manchuria busy writing book on
China for French publisher-not TO
feel deeply certain startling anaiogies
between my country and Japan. In
both marvellous beauty of scenery is al
lied to comparatively barrenness of
the land. with the exception of some
fortunate zones; in both there is tre-
mendous yearly increase of population:
in both there Is strong sense of the
dramatic. but deep down, an intense
longing for democratic development: In
both there Is a fatal necessity for ex-
pansion.
Japan and Manchuria.
Everything seemed to impei the Jap
aneSe to their effort TO penetrate Man.
churia-the privileged situation created
there for them, from q diplomatic point
of view. by the treaty Of Portsmouth In
1905; the impossibility of finding out
let's for their emigrants in the United
States and Australia: the lack of en-
thusiasm among japanese masses for
settling in Indo-China and even IN their
own Formosa; the proximity Of Man.
churia's fertile plains: the patriotic con-
ception of selling the hilt of that geo.
graphical sword which menaces the very
heart of Japan--I mean Korea.
The conquest and assimilation of
Manchuria became for years the order
of the day throughout the nation. But
facts, in the long run. were stronger
than enthusiasm. And the facts were
simply these-the more the japanese
increased their political hold, the more
they lost in trade.
After two decades OF military strug-
gle. of diplomatic tension, the japanese
have learned at last that war does not
pay-in Manchuria. With the rapidlty
Of change, which is such an essential
part Of their nature, they have turned
their North Chinese policy In other
cfanneis-first. they are wishing there
we're a Chinese authority strong enough
TO maintain order, and with II, pros
perity; second. they are provoking new
needs 10 be satisfied: third. and above
all. they are respecting Chinese sover-
/ eighty. The result of the new policy is
f! that Manchuria is the most prosperous
/ province Of China. its capital, Mukden,
4 copies It's japanese neighbor, Dairen, In
( tramways, telephones, schools. hospitals,
/ etc. snd-an goods bought are japanese
/ goods.
Grave Problem Of East.
/ VIII this experience move the Japa-
nese government TO adopt an analogous
policy for the whole of China? That Is
3 one Of the grayest problems In the Far
/ East, and, perhaps, In the world.
/ II Japan-to conclude with my paral-
lei, which, Of course. Is far from exact
/ in all OF its lines and deyelopments--ii
Japan has the strength and the courage
/ 10 be accused of feeblenees by the brag-
CARTS of miiitarisln, great era may
( come day be unfolding before her sons
/ In Manchurla and--who knows?~~even
( In the whole Of China.
+ But this Japan viii be a new Japan
gone will be the old crashing warlike
mask that Kaiser william TI~~Wiio was
a painter In addition TO everything else
reproduced in picture which he
called "Das Geife Gefahr" 0he yellow