davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1928-11-15
FIELD TOO DAMP?
=
NAV! SO ELEVENS
+ + 4
SPLASH 6-6 TIE
Especial to The Herald>

SAN BENITO, Nov. IA story
OF a football game played in a lake
srof water was related here By spec
tators at the Rio Hondo-Lyford
game at Rio Hondo, the game end.
ing in n q to s tie.
The game started Friday after
noon. while the heavy downpour
Of rain was still in progress. and
as the game progressed. 50 did the
rain.
Joe Yoeman OF Rio Hondo. who
refereed the game. was forced 70
hold the ball in place on the Wa
ter until the center was ready 70
pass, or the pigskin would float
away. The referee also was forced
TO guess at the location of the goal
lines. and all other lines on the
field.
But neither side would forfeit
the game. and neither would agree
10 postroning IL. so they played il
cut. and il ended in a tie.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1928-11-15
Golfers
Open Meet Soon

SARATOSA. Fla, Nov. l5.-fP-
Women golfers Of Florida soon begin
their annual trek toward the state
championship goal. Mrs. Elizabeth
N. Conrad. secretary OF the Women's
Nest Coast Golf League. has mailed
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
The Lam of Coal, Steel, Oil

Nothing has clearly shown the road which the mine
workers must travel than the events in that ragomed the
senate committee investigation of the mine industry
And nothing during the these events has def
ney emphasized the necessity of travelling this single road
the testimony of Rockefeller, Schwab and Mellon.
Laws made be brokenby the finance capitalists of
the American Emprenot by workers. These kings
the state If longer suits their purposes it
be broken with mpuny The methods of explaining away
the ethical deviation do not matter The necessity of the
itaist dictatorship knows higher law than its
In the working out of this law the suen Mellon the genial
Schwab the pous psam-singng Rockefeller play exactly
liar role
This is the law of COAL steel and OIL
The brutal frankness with which this law
cay by the spokesman of the Consolidation Coal Company the
Rockefeller will open the eyes large sections
OF the American working class The kings COAL steel and oil
their fingers at that Pigment of imagination public
opinion they need fear less the the workers
at present, led by such arbitrator Lewis.
Lewis hears the hold unraveng of plot destroy
union He sits unmoved besides the who exploit who
who assassnae the workers. he listens and quiet
predict that nothing will be left of the organization He
shakes hands with Rockefeller at the end
The kings of COAL Steel oil appear nothing to fear at
the present moment
Yet in great union the struggle have already
been uneahed Here already large sections of the
deand the road they must travel against Rockeeer the
Schwabs the MeLons-and against Lewis.
The Save the-Union Committee points the way
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

called it penetrating study Of work
ingclass psychology.
Much more important than "Ene-
mics" is the novel, Mother" which
was translated into many languages
and created tremendous stir among
the working class of various coun-
tries. In many respects Mother" is
still sketchy and has not the sure
mastery OF Gorky's mature creative
period. The underground revolution
airy movement is enveloped in too
much romanticism and the revolution
airy leaders are ver-idealized, while
the agitational- propagandistic back
ground of the book stands out too
much. However, the life in the fac
tory and the gradual awakening of
the working masses to class-con-
seriousness are wildly portrayed.
The novel, Confession" was new
attempt to depict the revolutionary
movement, an attempt which is ar
tistically more successful than Moth
err Confession" portrays the dew
ious processes of spiritual ferment
among the working masses. The de-
scriptions of nature and of mass
ecstasy are full Of an extraordinary
power, but the novel suffers from a
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

new orientation there were already a
number of critics who were proclaim
ing "finis" to his work. The famous
Russian poet, Alexander Biloxi, wrote
at the time: IF there is anything
great, inexhaustible and promising
that We are won't to identify with the
name of Russia, we must look upon
Maxim Gorly az . considerable ex-
preston thereof"
Blocks words refer to the time when
Gorky was still idealizing the "bos-
yaks"; but they acquired a new i'm
port later on when Gorky wrote his
play, Enemies" and his novels,
Mother" and Confession"
Although artistically Enemies
cannot be ranked with Gorky's best
work, it is nevertheless interesting
because of its theme. In it is re-
vealed the moral power Of the work
er-collectjvity that goes simply, with
out high-sounding phrases, to heroic
deeds because of "its calm faith in it's
truth. And against this worker
COLLECTIVELY bourgeois individualism in
all its forms seems SO puny. When
the play was first published, it was
greeted with great enthusiasm by the
brilliant MARKHAM theoretician and lit
-erary scholar, G. Plechanov, who
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
Maxim Gorky, Colossus in the World of Letters

list of the collective mass. And the
hero of his works is no longer the in
dividual with his narrow souI-prob-
ings, but the masses with their
boundless creativeness.
This close connection between
|Gorky's adherence to the proletariat
and the change in his writing was
recognized even ny those critics who
were far frorn the revolutionary
movement. Orc Of these critics was
Korney Tohuko4Sby. Tchukovsky at
first criticized GorSy harshly, calling
him a one-sid@d writer who posed in
terminably ana philosophical too
much. Tchukovsky pointed out, how
ever, that in the second period of his
creative activity, when Gorky aban-
doned the "bosyaks" and renowned
his individualism, he rose to plane
Iof artistic clarity such as few of the
great Russian writer's attained. Gorky
would never have achieved this clar-
ity had he not drawn his inspiration
from the working class. The revolu-
tionary movement was the spring
pouring abundant life into him, and
through it Gorky approached the
great serenity Of Tolstoy.
Yet before Gorky had acquired this
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

serious theological defect in that the
power of the worker-collectivity is
exalted to sort of religious super
stltion. There is even a scene in the
book where, under the spell of the
worker-collectivity, a paralyzed girl
begins to walk and is entirely cured.
Such an Interpretation of the collec-
tive might of the working class
aroused establishment among MARKHAM
critics.
Confession" undoubtedly reveals
the influence of the prevailing Cod
seeking, which was then the height
of fashion in Russian. literature as a
result of the reaction after the failure
of the first revolution. God-seeking
secured a foothold among certain Sec
lions of the socialist intelligentsia and
Gorky also fell a victim to it.
But all three works, Enemies"
Mother" and Confession" revealed
clearly Gorky's fundamental artistic
aim; to portray the life and struggles
of the proletariat, the sufferings and
inner turmoil of all "the lowly and
despised." And not for nothing did
Lenin, who detested empty phrases,
call Gorky "proletarian writer"
Ito be continuedl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

defense witnesses might make ar
rangements to be present, and more
than hundred others have been ar
bitrarily refused permission to come
to the trial and testify! The defense
attorneys did not know to the last
minute if the trial would open when
1T did, although they should have been
given at least fourteen days of notifi-
cation.
The prosecution has charged the
defendants with belonging to an or
ganization' maintained by a foreign
power, by which is meant the Soviet
Union. Pilsudski desires to crush the
"Hromada" SO that his frontier will
be IN good order at the moment of
the attack upon the Soviet Union that
is being steadily urged by British and
American imperialism. "Order must
reign" IN White Russia and Western
Ukraine so that there will be no in
reference with his murderous impe-
rlaIist designs, and his policy of the
complete subsection of the White Rus
sian people, and the humiliation of
the remaining vestiges of their ma
tlonal identity. The Wilma trial is one
OF the most violent steps vet taken
IN this direction.
Workers Protest Terror.
The case has aroused the interest
OF all Europe. Thousands have al
ready protested against the prosecu-
ton and strong movement has de-
veloped to demand it's end and the lib
Grafton OF the accused. In the United
States, the International Labor De-
tense is aiding in the organization of
a similar movement, particularly
among the nationalities directly af-
fected in Poland, as well as among
American labor organizations and
well-known progressive individuals.
The bond of solidarity that holds to-
gether the workers of all countries
will be UNNECESSARILY strengthened if
the workers of this country will i'm
mediately give voice to their horror
at the murderous work of Pilsudski
and their demand for swift vindica-
ton and release of the courageous
sons of the toiling masses of Whits
Russia.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
New Magazine
For the Foreign
Born Workers

THE first issue of "The Foreign
Born Worker" has appeared and
altho only mimeographed bulletin,
it is attractive and contains a good
deal of interesting reading matter.
The leading article, "a New Attack
on the Foreign-Born" discusses the
question of greatest and most vital
import to the foreign-born worker in
America discriminatory legis-
lation. About a dozen bills have been
introduced in congress, the article
points out, which definitely set apart
the foreign-born workers from the ma
tive-born and brand them as outsiders
if not criminals. These measures
propose chiefly registration, deporta-
ton and naturalization of foreign
born and suppression of the foreign
language newspapers. This registra-
ton would include fingerprinting
photographing and all Of the sort of
recording that one usually associates
with criminals.
In addition to the political articles
there are discussions of the position
of the foreign-born worker in various
industries, particularly the food in
dustry, in this interesting bulletin.
There are also editorials, satirical
news bits, cartoons, and reports of
the councils work.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
Functionaries Meeting Prepares
for May Day Celebration

The struggle of the miners, the i'm
rialst invasion of Nicaragua and
The unemployment situation were the
chief issues emphasized at the meet
iag Of the functionaries of the New
York District of the Workers (Com-
nlunist) Party, held on Friday eve
ma March 23rd, at 108 East 18th
Street. w. w. Weinstone, reporting
for the District, pointed out that
around these issues the greatest mob
ilization must be made in preparation
for the Madison Square Garden meet
ing and for demonstrating the solidar-
ity of Labor on this international
workingclass holiday.
Report By WeinstOne.
Weinstone pointed out that the re-
volt of the rank and file against the
destructive activities of the Lewis ma
chine would be registered in the mass
conference on April 1st, and that this
conference would take steps to
strengthen the strike and to enable
the miners to take control of their
own union.
On the question of unemployment,
Weinstone emphasized that the unem-
ployment insurance bill must be put
in the forefront of the demands of
the unemployed and that this bill must
secure the support of the entire labor
movement.
On the question of the struggle
against the imperialist invasion of Nj
caragua, the report pointed out that
Party members must intensity their
activities still further, and must sup
port the campaign for sending medical
supplies and bandages to the army
of SANDING. In view of the increasing
attacks of the imperialists upon the
Soviet Union as shown at Geneva, the
Farty membership must understood
better the program and tactics IF the
Party regarding the war danger so
that they may be able to fulfill their
tasks better. May LIST must voice the
need for international solidarity Of
the entire workingclass against the at
tempts of the imperialists to form n
united front against the Soviet Union
and against the preparations for new
world slaughter.
That these tasks may be fulfilled,
the report pointed out that greater
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
Labor Prisoners Welcome Books

L will come as real pleasure to
,,ers contributing to the defense
comforts of class war prisoners
ar how greatly their donations
ia international Labor Defense
ribite to make life bearable be-
LID prison bars.
Small items like tobacco, candy,
shaving cream, new books to read, all
these are now being had by labor
prisoners where prison regulations
permit. Claude Merritt, member of
the Brotherhood of Railway Carmen,
in San Quentin prison with Tom
Mooney, Warren Billings and other
workers, writes in recent letter pub
Iished in the Labor Defender"
"Your letter and check for $500
was received. I must express my
gratitude for the workers remem-
hrence Of those who are behind prison
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

bars.
"The contribution has increased its
usefulness; certain items have i'm
proved our commissary list; items
which are sorely needed Ky the
prisoners.
There seems to be considerable in
terest among the members of the
Oakland branch Of the I. L. D., which;
the fellows here are glad to see. Mum
erous workers have recently visited
the labor prisoners, and | have re-
ceived letters from several who have
our interest at heart. That sort Of
action is the greatest bolster of cheer
which the prisoners have. The 1. L.
ID. is not so bad!
with best wishes to every one in
the |. l.. d. movement,
"Yours onward.
--"CLAUDE MERRITT"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
BY MAX SHACHTMAN.

A whole nation is on trial in the
Polish fascist court at Wilma, where Sc
members of the White Russian Work
ers and Peasants Party, the "Hrom-
ada" the first group of the 100 ac-
cused, are being prosecuted for mem
bership in an organization which has
the support of from so to 80 per cent
of the population of the oppressed
White Russian people under Polish
domination.
Fought for Rights of White Russian
Workers.
The "Hromada," up to the time of
the mass arrests that followed the
police attack upon its national con-
gress in Staraya-Beresa on Deem
Der 2, 1926, was a legal party, and
one of the largest in the world. 1t
had modified in its ranks upwards
of 100000 active members, out of a
White Russian population of only g.
100000. The "Hromada" was the
living, militant expression of the feel
ings of this national minority which
still suffers a more severe political
and economic oppression under the re-
gime of Marshal Pilsudski than it did
even in the days of the Russian cars.
1t gave voice to the demands of the
White Russian people for the right
to self determination; the right to the
maintenance of their national culture,
language, schools and other institu-
tons; against the discriminatory and
oppressive taxation, which has been
proportionately greater than that
levied in ethnographical Poland; for
cooperation with the toilers of all Po-
land, and a workers and peasants
government, and against the anti
Soviet policies of Pilsudski that are
inspired by Anglo-American capital,
the "Hromada" demanded policy of
fraternal cooperation and friendliness
toward the, Soviet Union.
Polish Fascist Terror.
The White Russian people-over-
whelmingly heasants-live under the
most frightful conditions. The knout
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

I flsclpllne and Capitalization and
strengthening of the Party units and
Party membership is necessary. 1t
was pointed out that the district has
done we'll in the DAILY WORKER
drive, in which over $500 has been
raised and 10000 copies of the DAILY
WORKER distributed each week. TO-
coo of which have been paid for bv
the units. Emphasis was laid upon
| the preparations for the election cam
paign, in which we may put forward
our ticket but at the same time con-
tinue the agitation for the establish
rnent Of Labor Party. ii,
Distribute Daily Worker.
The discussion which followed was
participated in by twenty functionaries
who pointed out the accomplishments
IN the various sections of the city.
The Harlem and Downtown sections
pointed out that they were distribut-
ing the DAILY WORKER regularly
before the l. R. T. National Biscuit
Company, and similar big plants; that
this was in preparation for the estab-
lishment of shop papers, and that the
workers welcomed the distribution of
the DAILY WORKER and showed a
very friendly attitude to the efforts
Of tie Party to establish shop PAPERS
and to fight the employers in these
big Industrial plants. Long Island
particularly pointed out that the es-
Establishment of a shop paper in the
Rolls Royce plant. the distribution of
the DAILY WORKER and the atten-
ton to the industrial plants in Long
Island have re-vitalized the section.
Bert Miller, the organization sec
rotary, stressed the necessity for at
tention to the detailed organizational
problems, for greater control by the
units Of their membership, for better
reports by the units to the district,
and general strengthening of the
Party apparatus The functionaries
urged that the Madison Square Garden
meeting can be made huge success
On May Day by attempting to reach
new workers and attracting them to
the meeting. They also reported thai
they were undertaking the distribution
ot 200 coo Of tic s9ecial 32.rage edi-
lion of the DAILY WORKER.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
Jail Workers Deputies in Polish Terror

them to a miserable and intolerable
state. Most of the peasants own not
more than 10 to II acres of very
poor land, burdened with exorbitant
taxes, old and inefficient tools, and
resultant bad harvests. During a bad
harvest, starvation and death is wide
spread.
In addition, what good land there is
is handed out in large parcels to col
onists who are former Polish officers
and soldiers, or else deserving" fas-
cist supporters.
The native language is under the
ban. Only four out of the 600 White
Russian state schools remained in
existence up to 1927, and private
schools are subjected to the most sys-
tematic determination. Petty Polish
military martinets are sent to teach
the White Russian children in Polish
state schools. The White Russian
press-with the exception of that part
of it that is suborned by the fascists
is driven from pillar to post. And
whoever dares to protest against
these conditions, be it patriarch or
child, man or woman, Immediately
feels the sting of the lash and is al
lowed to cool heels in the hellish pri-
sons Of Poland.
Out of this swamp of misery arose
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
AID RUMANIAN TERROR.

WASHINGTON, March 81
Breaking treaty relations with Ru-
mania as a means of furnishing that
country's ruling group for its afro
cities, proposed in joint resolution
offered in the senate.
The state department has replied
evasively to demand that it block
the pending $60,000,0o0 loan by Wall
Street bankers to the Rumanian gov
eminent. The department will do
nothing to embarrass this loan.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

the party illegal and demanding its
humiliation at the point of the fascist
bayonet; and in addition, all the
"Hromada" members of the Seim
(parliament) were arrested without
even the latter's permission.
Following an intensified reign of
brutality, terror and arrests, 400 of
the most active members of the
"Hromada," the best children of White
Russia, were arrested, including the
Sejm members Voloczyn, Miotla, Tar
asckiewitcz and Michailowski, the
general secretary of the party Brus-
sewitcz, the noted author Lutczke-
witcz, and the well-known culturalist
of Wilma, Ostovsky. They are now
on trial.
The evidence of the prosecution
against the accused is based on alb
solutely nothing more tangible and
convincing than the words and re-
ports of the agents provocateurs of
the Infamous Ochrana. Evidence"
is admitted against the defendants
solely on the basis of the say-so of
police spies. But not the slightest
latitude is extended the defense. Its
witnesses, of whom there are hun
dreds, have been seriously cut into by
the refusal of the prosecution to post
pone the trial until a few scores of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28

the party of the people of White Rus
of the Polish fascists have reduced
STA, "Hromada", giving voice to the
need for social, political, national and
cultural liberation from Polish OPP
preston. 1t had a phenomenal growth.
At the time of it's formation, in June
1926, it had 10 branches with 500
members; in September of the same
year, it had LOOP branches with
30,828 members, and by January Is,
1927, it had 1000 branches with
100000 members, organized into le-
gal party! 1t assumed the vigorous
leadership of the White Russian peo-
pie, obtained representation in the
Polish Sejm, and rallied the over
whelming majority of the population
to its banner of struggle.
TerrOrize "Hromada" Members.
Organized and maintained as a le-
gal party, it was seen by Pilsudski
that his first calculations-th the
"Hromada" would be harmless and
convenient safety-valve for the White
Russians-were entirely incorrect,
and at the end of the year, December
1926, the first steps were taken to
suppress the movement. The national
congress of the party was attacked;
delegates were cruelty beaten and ar
rested; the order went out making
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-28
Continued from last issue)
BY SHACHNO EPSTEIN.
Translated from the Yiddish by A. 3.
AIagiI.


lis adherence to the proietariat and
AZ close connection with the revolu-
tionary movement placed Gorky with
both feet squarely on the ground ard
created a solid foundation for his
work. He grew more thoughtful and
began looking upon life with sober
eyes. without losing any Of his
fighticg spirit or youthful enthus-
jasr1, he came IT, understand that no
super,nen will lead society out Of it's
arAthetie state or bring salvation to
mankind. lie began to realize that
TIE individual, no matter how strong
he may be, is az eagle with clipped
wings if he has no support behind
him and is not bound by thousand
ties to the masses.
And becoming permeated more and
more with the fundamental emotional
perceptions and theology of the prole-
tariat, Gorky ceased to be the singer
of the individual and, became the art
The Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1927-1930, 1928-08-23
w. J. C O C II r A N

We were grieved to learn a
few days ago of the accidental
death of one of our good citi-
zens, W. j. Cochran, causally
known as "Uncle Jeff"
Mr.. Cochran who, at the time
of his death, resided on Bart
Lick, in this county, and has
been an outstanding citizen of
our county all his life. He has
been an active citizen and a
hard worker, having been en-
gagged in various occupations
during his stay with us, such
as farming, a prosperous mer-
chant and hotel man. Mr.. Coch-
ran also rendered invaluable
service to his county and COM
munity by serving many years
as Justice of the Peace. We feel
that Dickinson county has lost
another of her good citizens.
Tie bereaved family has our
deepest sympathy.