The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-13

3
for himself, who can ana must DC
gradually brought into the groove OF
socialist construction, ana .ne prop
( erty of the capitalize exploiter, the
liquidation of when is an essential
condition for any worker of socialist
construction.
(2) The existence of consider
! abe numper OF small units OF pro-
auction primarily, peasant farms,
/ farmers enterprises, small arasansi
small snopEeepers, etc., not only IN
colonies, semI-eoIonies and econ
cmically backward countries where
the petty bourgeois masses represent
! the overwhelming majority OF the
population, but even in centres OF
capitalist world industry 1.-THE United
| States of America, Germany, and TO
a certain extent also England)
makes it necessary to some extent,
in the first stage of development, to
preserve market forms OF economic
contacts, the money system, etc. The
existence of variety of economic
forms from sociali2ed large-scale
industry to small peasant and arti-
san enterprises), OF a variety OF
class groups having variety OF
stimuli for their economic activities
and the existence Of variety of in
terests corresponding to these econ
omic forms demands that the prole-
tariat, in Its management Of INDUS
try, shall properly combine large
scale socialist industry with the
smaIl-scale economy of the peasant
simple commodity producers, who
are linked up with each other and
with the towns by market relation
ships. For that reason, if diffused,
peasant labor occupies a relatively
important place in the general econ
omy of the country, market relation
| ships will occupy a correspondingly
important place in that economy,
and planned economic management
| will occupy CORRESPONDENCE minor
| place. The general economic plan
will be to greater extent based on
forecasts of unorganized economic
relationships. On the contrary, if
small-scale economy occupies a re-
latively minor place, social labor will
be correspondingly larger. The con-
centratiou and specialization of the
bulk of the means of production will
| be greater; the extent of market re-
lations will be smaller. Planned
economy will play much greater
part than unorganized economy and
the methods of directly planning
production and distribution will be
applied on q larger and more uni
versal scale.
If the proletarian dictatorship
carries out correct policy, the tech
nical and economic superiority of
large-scale, socialized production, the
GENERALIZATION of all the most lin
portant economic key-positions lin
dustry, transport, large agricultural
enterprises, banks, etc.l in the hands
of the proletarian state, planned
management of industry and the
power of the state apparatus as a
whole (the budget, taxes, administra-
tive legislation and legislation gen.
erally) will lead to the continuous
and systematic squeezing out of pri-
vate capital as well as of the new
outcrops of capitalism which emerge
with the development of simple com
modify producing economy in the
period of more or less free com
mercial and market relationships.
| At the same time, by organizing
peasant farming on cooperative lines
and as result of the growth of col
lective forms of economy, the great
bulk of the peasant enterprises will
be systematically drawn into the
general system of developing social
ism. The outwardly capitalistic
forms and methods of economic ac-
tivity which are connected with
market relationships (money form
of accounting, payment for labor in
money, buying and selling, credit
and banks, etc) serve as levers of
| the social revolution in so far as
they, to an increasing degree, serve
the consistent socialist type of en-
terprise, i. e., the socialist section of
economy.
Thus, in the conditions of prole-
tartan dictatorship, and providing
the Soviet state carries out correct
policy, market relationships, in the
/ course of other development, bear
within themselves the seeds of THEN
own destruction: by helping to
squeeze out private capital, by
changing the character of peasant
economy,-while the means of pro-
duction are becoming more and more
centralized and concentrated in the
hands of the proletarian state, they
at the same time, help to destroy
all market relationships.
(3) In view of the possibility of
capitalist military intervention and
of prolonged counter-revolutionary
wars against the dictatorship of the
| for a Communist economic
| proletariat, the necessity may arise
policy ("War Communism") which
is nothing more nor less than The
organization of rational consump-
ton for the purpose of defence al
a time when there has been a SHARP
decline in the productive forces OF
the country, and when the individ