Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-10-09

king? Once President Roosevelt was so
charged, and he retorted They say
want to be a king! They don't know
kings and I dol
X X
Revenons a nos n1outons!
The author quotes numerous high
authorities on international law among
which may be noted WeStlake:
intervention in the internal affairs
If another state is justified in two class
es of cases. The first is when the OBJ
ject is to put down government
which attacks the peace, external or
internal, of foreign countries, or OF
which the conduct or avoWed policy
amounts to a standing threat. OF such
an attack.
THE second is when a country has
fallen into such state of anarchy or
misrule as unavoidably to disturb the
peace, external or internal, of its
policy of its government may be IN that
respect.
In Haiti and Santo Domingo, anarchy
had re1gned for many years before
President Wilson sent armed forces
| to restore peace and order, yet now
Gov Smith promises evasion of such
duty, and criticizeS the Wilson admins
tration to that extent.
In LIE Droit international Cod1f1e,
Bluntschli, noted French authority
on international law, says:
Intervention in the proper sense
of the word is the interference of
foreign state in the affairs of another
independent state. If one accepts this
definition, the corStraint employed
| against a state to oblige it TO fulfill its
international duty Is not an interven-
| ton"
Another high French authority. Pra-
dier-Fodere, is quoted in the aforemen-
/ toned rare" book of the State Depart
ment, as follows:
"It is the duty of all states to pro-
/ tect their nationals in foreign countries
| by all means which international law
authorizes. 1t owes them such protec-
/ ton when the foreign state has pro-
/ ceeded against them in violation Of the
principles of international law: for eX-
! ample, if the foreign state has stopped
travellers without reason, if it has re-
duced them to slavery, If it has forced
| them to abjure their religion, II II has
/ despoiled them Of their property, II 1t
| has treated them with cruelty, 1t
/ has violated with respect to them the
| treaties of commerce and free establish
ment, it ought to protect them also,
/ even If the bad treatment or damages
sustained are not directly the act Of
/ the foreign State-that is to say, OF
| the foreign government or its employees,
or of the inhabitants supported by their
| government, but of persons having a
/ private character, and If the state In
which the offerSe has been committed
has done anything to disavow it."
Prad1er-Fodere quotes another au-
thoriSy to support his own argument;
he says:
"vattel says: Justice, Is the founda-
ton Of all society, the bond assured
in all intercourse. 1t is more neces-
sary still between nations than between
individuals, because injustice has more
terrible consequences in the contests Of
these powerful political bodies and It
is more difficult to be right therein.
The result of this indispensable obliga-
ton is that every state has the right
not to permit that any of its rights
should be taken away which belong to
it legitimately, for in opposing itself
thereto, it only conforms to its duties.
From this results, second the right to
obtain Justice by force, If 1t cannot be
done otherwise.
Does Gov. Smith undertake to go
/ President Wilson lone better" in de-
1 claring his determination not to protect
| the rights of citizens against foreign
abuse? Is he not only too proud to
fight" but even opposed to diplomatic
| efforts lest they smack of Imperialism"
| in seeking the rights of American in
! vestments abroad? History shows that
protection through Intervention by
other countries is of many precedents.
| Our several interventions are CLASH
| fed under the headings: (a) Simple
protection of American citizens located
| in disturbed areas; (b) destruction of
pirates infesting certain areas, whether
nationals of the disturbed areas or
otherwise: (c) punishment for murder
of american citizens; Cd punishment
for insults or injuries to American citi-
zens or American officers, such injuries
not resulting in death; (e) re-establiSh-
ment of American legation in Japan In
1854; ~ suppression of local riots
(g) preservation of order during the
interregnum between control of regular
government and revolutionary govern
ment; Chi establishment of presumed
regular government; % protection of
customhouSe at the instance. of the
local officials; % securing indemnity:
(k) invasion of foreign territory for the
protection Of American citizens and
American territory in Spanish Florida
in 1917
At other times our Navy has displayed
force and landed forces in the presence
OF wars IN order to protect our citizens
IN the disturbed regions On which
OF these occasions would President
Smith, as commander have
withheld action?
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