davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
VOTERS, TURN OUT

We hope that Mark Sullivan is
not wrong when he makes the pre-
dictiOn that the vote next November
will be "sensationally large" One
of the things that has worried a
good many persons is that the vote
at the last few presidential elections
has been "sensationally" small.
According to estimates, there are
100000 persons in the United
States who are entitled to vote. In
1924 a trife more than $4,000, 900
persons cast their votes for Presi-
dent. The talk now is that this
year at least 100000 persons will
go to the polls.
OF course, that is all guesswork.
But it is based on the fact that both
parties appear to have determined
to concentrate their best efforts on
getting out the vote. It costs a lot
OF money to get out the vote, for
there is an immense number of in
different voters. That Indifference
this year may be less than it has
been in preceding presidential years
because there are issues, lodged by
the platforms though they were,
which the people themselves insist
shall be fought out. But still, that
leaves millions of voters who will
not go to the polls unless it is made
easy for them to do so. 4
Inasmuch as both parties expect
to have well-filled war chests, it will
be possible for both to create the
physical means for getting these vo-
ters to the polls. AS said before.
that will cost lot of money. But it
may also be added that such expen-
ditures are legitimate. - Buffalo
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
DISGRACEFUL STREET
IN NORTH MILFORD

Beginning at Front street and
continuing up to Second street to
the public school building in North
Milford, condition exists, that is
not only disgrace, but it is uncalI-
ed for. For years the custom of
hauling ashes and cinders upon the
rOadbed between the concrete gut
tiers, has been practiced by those
having charge of street work in Mil
ford. This section is one where
much traffic passes over every day
in each week, and the ashes will not
carry it; the result being, holes that
are dangerous to travel over by pas
senger autos, and which simply
grind up under the heavy trucks. In
wet weather the water holes are de-
lusiOns, while in dry weather, the
dust in binding clouds is carried by
the winds, for one square of street
distance each way, into the homes
of citizens. 1t is an intollerable
nuisance, that should have been
abated years ago; and especially
last year, when the town built sew
eral blocks of concrete pavements
about the public school grounds.
Some person last spring had an idea
that by filling the holes in the road
way in this block, with sand, that
the dust would be laid; but the .1rst
storm washed the sand into the sew
ers, and the trouble was worse than
ever. This piece of street faces the
residence of Senator Latchum and
the Windsor Hotel, probably one of
the most public points in Milford,
and 900 children pass over it four
times each day. 1t is not too late
to do good job on this street, if
the Street Committee want to act,
and stop long drawn out nuisance
for all the people, and by so doing
help the public health.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28

Baynum.
Mrs. George Hall entertained the
other Saturday Night Bridge Club
with Miss >Bess Ratcliff as substi-
tute.
Mrs. Robert Hall was hostess to
the 1920" Bridge Club.
Mrs. Harry Grier entertained the
club that usually meets on Wednes-
days, at supper party followed by
bridge, on Tuesday night.
Her guests were Mrs. r. P. Davis,
Mrs. Walter Grier, Mrs. Anna ".
Carlisle, Mrs. Donnell Marshall,
Miss Lena Short, Miss Burdella Da-
Wis, and Miss May Davis.
The Mems Bridge Club met this
week on Tuesday night with DR..
Neal Matsinger.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
UNIVERSITY OPENS
WITH 700 STUDENTS
rContinned from AS taael

! CONTINUED from first Pagel
Walter Hullihen, president of the
university announced a number OF
changes in the faculty for this year.
! Degrees were conferred on sew
eral students who did not graduate
in June but have completed some re-
quired work since and consequently
received their diplomas. Among
these was Theodore Roosevelt Fleet
wood, Seaford, who received the de-
gree of bachelor of arts.
Parents of a large number of
freshmen came to Newark on Sun
day from all parts of the State and
attended a reception given by Pres
ident and Mrs. Hullihen for the
freshmen.
OF the freshmen entering Della
ware College only about 20 or less
than 20 per cent are from outside
the State. OF the remainder more
than a majority are from Whining
ton. There does not seem to be as
large a percentage of the Delaware
College freshmen from the lower
counties and rural New Castle cOun-
ty as usual. About one-half of the
freshmen in this college registered
for the arts and science course, 48
for the engineering course and 9 for
the agricultural course.
Those in the class from rural Del
aware are as follows:
Kent County
Arts and Science-Albert Urian,
Smyrna
Engineering-Taylor Cooper, of
Camden.
Sussex County
Arts and Science Charles Hook
er, Ocean View; Robert C. Moore,
John H. Warrington, Sell
byville.
Engineering-EarI Utz and ]. G.
Phillips, Seaford; Ralph w. Beach,
Delmar; Raymond E. Kopple, Har-
beson; Isaac Fisher Warren, Jr.,
Charles G. Pusey and
Albury Knight Tunnel, SeafOrd. /
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS E. ,McCauley,
Preston Coleman Town
send, SelbyVille.
Rural New Castle County
Arts and Science Herman Hand
loft, Marion Hopkins and Wilmer
Riley, Newark; Alfred BIomquist,
Park; Francis B. Geb-
lart, New Castle; Leonard J. Hamp-
son, ODESSA; William R. Hazard,
IT., Claymont; Walter Hutchinson
Lee, Townsend.
Engineering - Eugene Reybold
Cain, Marshallton; Arthur Groom
Craig, Newport; John Griffith Eli
ION, KirkwOod; Charles F. Nc
laugh, Hockessin; Herbert o. War
lell, Rose Hill; Ernest Weldon, Jr.,
liddletown; James L. Crooks,
Thomas Manns, Jr., Paul Pie, Jr., !
nd Charles H. Boyce, Newark;
daniel Rogers, New Castle.
Agriculture-John B. McVaugh, !
Iockessin; Ralph Stevens O'Bier, {
lax Grove. I
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
IT'S THE WAY YOU
LOOK AT 1T

Most of us are getting more fun
out of our work than we realize.
Looking back, how amusing were
those early years, between twenty
and twenty-five, or between twenty
five and thirty! What jokes we
played, what parties we had! The
days which seemed hard now enrich
our memories.
This years, this decades struggle
will seem equally sweet and event.
full when time has healed a few of
the scars.
What 1 hope to suggest is that
without effort to overcome obstacles.
without a fight to master our cir
cumstances, we are scarcely living
at all. The harder and more wildly
we live the more happiness we get
out of life. The best hours are those
that involve making a living.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
DIR. HUMPHREY AT
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

DR.. John Humphrey hopes to greet
all the Presbyterians in this vicinity
when he breaches his first sermon
on his return from England next
Sunday, September 30, II o'clock
and 7.30 o'clock.
Sunday School at 10 o'clock in
the morning and the Christian En-
deavor Society will resume the
usual Sunday evening meetings at
6.45, with Miss Elizabeth Stidham
leader. Preparation for Rally Day
in all departments of the church
will begin on Sunday. The regular
Thursday evening Mid-Week service
next week at 1870, 81 was glad when
they said unto me, let us go up unto
the House of the Lord"
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
FIRST NATIONAL BANK
IN TEMPORARY QUARTERS

The business of the First Nation
al Bank of Milford, was moved into
the Collins Building on North Wal
nut street this week, and the old
bank building is well underway of
demolition, to make room for their
modern new structure. A new vault
has been built in the temporary 10
cation, and work rooms are on both
the first and second floors, where
they will be for the next year, or
until the new bank is ready for use.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
HARRY THAW APPOINTED
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

Governor Robinson has appointed
Harry B. Thaw as Justice of the
Peace in and for the town of Mil
ford, Kent county, to succeed Will
liam A. Truitt, deceased. Esquire
Thaw has removed the books and
records of the Office from the First
National Bank Building, which is in
process of demolition, to his resi-
dence at the southwest corner of
Second and Walnut streets, where
he has fitted up an Office to accom-
modate the business. Mr.. Thaw is a
young man who studied law for
time, but was never admitted to the
practice of law in Delaware, and he
should make an efficient official.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
"TO Mrs. ]. X. CaITan
With Kindest Regards Of
Herbert Hoover"

Mrs. Carran looks at the picture,
smiles and remembers. 81 csn see
Herbert Hoover yet, sitting at his
desk. He was not laxative, but
whatever he said was to the point.
He was studious and very industri-
GUS and determined. He was so stu
dious, in fact, that 1 had to advance
him and another boy, Lewis Pen
rose, now of Muscatine, Iowa, from
the third grade to the fourth grade
in mid-term. These boys were al
ways finishing their lessons ahead
of time and bothering me for some
thing to do.
That's just him-that picture.
Steady eyes. His boyhood made that
serious, steady way. Never was in
trouble. When 1 called him he
would always look up and SMILE"
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
WEDDINGS
WEBB-SUTHERLAN

Miss Clara M. Sutherlan, daugh-
ter of Mr. and Mrs. James F. Suth-
erlan, of Hobbs, Md, and Clarence
Webb, Jr., of Milford, were married
Sunday evening, September 16, 1928
by Rev. Melvin Wheatley. The bride
wore a navy blue crepe back satin,
trimmed with tan and had hat to
catch. She carried a bouquet of ILL
les, roses, and snapdragOn. The
bridesmaid was Miss Cora Spayd of
Magnolia. She wore a tan geor-
gette. The groomsman was James
Reed of Magnolia Mr.. and Mrs.
Web will reside on a farm near Mil
ford, adjoining his father.
MISREPRESENTATION
Announcements have been receiv-
ed of the marriage of Miss Edna M.
Steenburgh, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. John H. Steenburgh, of Glow
ersville, N. Y, to Mr.. William c.
Murphy, also a resident there, on
Monday, September 3rd, 1928. Mr..
and Mrs. Murphy will be at home
after September Is, at the La Sale
Apartments, Prospect Avenue, Clio
versville, N. Y. Mr.. Murphy has
many friends and acquaintances in
Milford, who extend to him their
best wishes. Before going to Clio
versville, Mr.. Murphy for several
years resided in Milford, being con-
nected with the Milford Chronicle
Publishing Company in the capacity
cot mechanical foreman.
! INS-ROBINSON
Announcement has been made of
the marriage of Miss Martha Doris
Robinson, daughter of Mrs. Alice
M. Robinson, of Richmond, Va, and
Theodore w. Collins, of Whining
ton. The wedding took place on
September in Philadelphia, with
the Rev. Arthur w. Cakes, pastor of
the Twenty-second Street M. E.
Church, a cousin OF the bride, off
ciating. Mrs. Collins is a graduate
of the John. Marshall High School
of Richmond and of GOldey College,
Wilmington. Mr.. Collins attended |
the University of Delaware, where |
he was q member of the Sigma M
fraternity and the Derelicts, an hon
Orary fraternity. He is a graduate |
of Milford High School and of Get
tysburgh College, class of 1928. He
is a grandson of Mr.. and Mrs. Theo-
dore Whaley, of Milford. Mr. and
Mrs. Collins will make their home at
25O4 TatnGll street, Wilmington.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
OBITUARY
SHARP.

Il. Edward Sharp died in Phlla-
delphia Wednesday night, Septem-
Der 18th, aged so years. His body
was brought to Milton to his broth
er's home on Friday, September 81
Funeral at Coolspring Saturday, at
the Presbyterian Church He leaves
one brother, Charles Sharp, of Mil
ton; three sisters-Mrs. James Mar
tin, of Milton, Mrs. Conner and Mrs.
Rice, of Philadelphia. Rev. Leish-
man, of Lewes, officiated. S. ]. Will
son e Son, funeral directors.
JOHNSON
Mrs. Mary ]. Johnson, widow of
the late Edward F. Johnson, who
died 81 years ago, died at her home
in Greenwood Friday, September q,
aged 81 years, 5 months and -
days. Funeral at st. Johnstown
Church, near Greenwood, Sunday, at
2 o'clock. Interment in cemetery
adjoining church. She leaves one
daughter, Mrs. NJ A. Webb, and six
sons-H. A. Johnson, M. A. Johnson
E. F. Johnson, o. B. Johnson, Will
liam B. Johnson and Joseph B. John
son. Also one sister, Mrs. Caleb
Burchual, of Camden, and a host of
friends and relatives. Revs. Lay
field, J. r. Diehl and Adams, officiat-
ed. S. ]. Wilson & Son, funeral di-
rectors.
JOHNSON
Mrs. Mary ]. Johnson departed
this life at $50 a. m. September 21
at her home in Greenwood. She was
the widow of Edward F. Johnson
and the daughter of Henry j. and
Elizabeth Anderson, of Canterbury
She was 81 years old. Leaves to
mourn their loss five sons and one
daughter-H. A. Johnson, of Ches-
ter, Pa, M. A. Johnson, of Philadef-
phia, E. F. Johnson, of Haddonfield,
N. j., o. B. Johnson, of Philadel-
phia, VIM. B. Johnson, of Camden,
N. j., and Mrs. Marshall A. Webb, OF.
Oakley. Also 20 grandchildren and
10 grandchildren; one broth
err, H, J. Anderson, of Bartonsville, !
Canada. One sister, Mrs. Susie G.
of Camden. She was a =,
of Greenwood M. E. Church. !
Funeral services were held at st. /
Johnstown M. E. Church Sunday
September 29rd. Inter-
ment in st. Johnstown cemetery.
The services were in charge of the
Rev. J. r. Diehl, of Greenwood M.
3. Church. Sermon preached by
he Rev. L. w. Layfield, assisted by
he Rev. Adams, of the M. P.
Church. She was a devout christian
always true to her church; always
'eady and willing to aid any who
night have need of her services.
She chose her own text which was
ound in Mark, 18th chapter and
| part of the Sth verse: "She Hath
Done What She Could" There is
olace in the thought. Her life was
lot lived for naught, safe in the
rms of Him she served. She has
lone what she could. The family
wishes to thank the friends for
he flowers and kindness shown
hem during Mrs. Johnson's illness
nd funeral.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
EXHIBIT OF HOME
ECONOMICS DEPT.

CCOntinHed from first Pag1
PRINCIPLES and methods taught and
used in the school.
Please remember that there will
not be sufficient room in the eXhi-
bition window for all of the out
put of this department. Those who
wish to see the entire exhibit should
visit the school at any time found
convenient There the girls may be
seen at work. Visitors are always
WelcOma.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
BOY SCOUT NEWS

George Draper, Jr., was admitted
last week to Troup No. of Milford,
and was assigned to the Owl Patrol.
The boy scouts hope to take in sew
eral new members this week. Any
boy twelve years of age, or over,
wishing to join the troup, should see
Harwood Jamison, the Scoutmaster,
or any scout.
The boys enjoyed a hike on Sat
urday, when they passed second
class tests in scouting.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28

After all when it comes to real
farm relief it's hard to beat nice
warm summer sun with occasional
showers.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28

Girls with tanned legs are now
going about in the East without
stockings. And here is something
the tariff can't remedy.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28
HOOVER'S TEACHER

Forty-four years ago, when Her
bert Hoover was a boy of ten, Miss
Mollie Brown was his teacher in the
little village school at West Branch,
Iowa. Miss Brown (now Mrs. ]. X.
Carran) still lives in West Branch,
and in the parlor of her home hangs
a picture of Mr.. Hoover with this
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28

Freedom is matter of economics;
there is little use in claiming to be
free if one is economically dependent.
The American Magazine
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28

At Grange Hall, a Grange Fairy
Friday and Saturday, September 2S
and 29.
Milford chronicle., 1928-09-28

Don't miss going to Grange Hall
Friday and Saturday, September %
and 20.
Evening star., 1928-06-03

quotas with the exception Of st. Marys
and Charles Counties, Md. Approx
mately 400 applications have been re-
ceived for the District of Columbia and
those districts in It's immediate vicinity
Local procurement agencies have dis
continued active procurement of can
didates for these camps. and any apA
piications received from now on will be
placed on an alternate list.
Washington Reserve headquarters an
nounced last week the following
changes In the assignments of Re-
serve officers residing in Washington
Second Lieut. John E. Scott, Infantry
Reserve, is assigned to the 18th Infan-
try: Second Lieut. Philip w. Dimon,
Infantry Reserve, is relieved from as
signment to the 320th Infantry: First
Lieut.. Robert H. Cast, Air Reserve. is
relieved from assignment to the Both
Division. Air Corps; Second Lieut..
James T. Murfee, Infantry Reserve. is
relieved from assignment to the 320th
Infantry First Lieut.. William X. An
drews, jr, Air Reserve, having been
promoted to captain in the Air Reserve,
Is relieved from assignment to the both
Division, Air Corps; First Lieut.. Theo-
dore c. Chen Fong, Medical Reserve,
who has been promoted TO the grade OF
captain in the Medical Reserve. will
continue in his assignment to the 320th
Infantry: Second Lieut. Louis P. Gra-
nath, Engineer Reserve, having ac-
cepted reappointment in the Officers
Reserve Corps without the privilege OF
assignment or active duty. is relieved
from assignment TO the 305th Engi-
neers and also from assignment to the
goth Division; Second Lieut.. George D.
McIlhenny, Infantry Reserve, having
accepted reappoinment in the Officers
Reserve Corps without the privilege oi
assignment or active duty, Is relieved
from assignment to the 521st Infantry
Battalion, zone Of the interior: First
Lieut.. Narcellus NJ Harris, Infantry
Reserve. is assigned TO the 423th In
fantry.
First Lieut.. Archie r. McGrady
Coast Artillery Reserve. having moved
to the 9Th Corps Area, is relieved from
assignment to the Sd Coast Artillery
District; First Lieut.. Jesse w. Lank-
ford. Air Reserve, having been pro-
NOTED To captain in the Air Corps Re.
serve, is assigned to the 407th Attack
Squadron, 5th Army; Capt. William K
Andrews, jr.. Air Corps. Is assigned &c
the 410th Attack Squadron, 5th Army
Second Lieut.. Harry E. Miner. Medical
Administrative Reserve, is assigned tc
the I'd Army Medical Laboratory, I'd
Army. in the capacity of assistant
chemist; Second Lieut.. William c. Barr
Medical Administrative Reserve. Is as
signed to the 74th General Hospital
zone Of interior, in the capacity Of mess
officer: Mai. John T. Little. Field Ar
tiIlery Reserve, having accepted reap
pointment in the Officers Reserve
Corps without the privilege Of assign
ment or active duty, is relieved from
assignment to the 361st Ammunition
Train. 4th Army.
Evening star., 1928-06-03
Community Centers

Although the season for community
centers came to close officially on May
81, by special arrangement few activi-
ties are continued during next week.
Columbia Heights Center: Community
meeting Tuesday at 8 pm, preceded by
a meeting of the advisory committee at
7 pm; 8 pm, there will be a meeting
of Columbia Heights Citizens Associa-
ton and OF the WEIGH Society.
Thomson Center: Monday. 8 pm.
the adult melody way piano classes. the
bridge instruction class and a dramatic
rehearsal of the Tau Beta Phi Sorority
Fridays pm, the dramatic unit OF
the Tau Beta Phi Sorority will again
rehearse and the adult melody way
piano classes will be instructed. Also
there will be meeting OF the Lyric Or
chestra.
Park View Center: Friday. pm. the
Boy Scouts; 7:15, the Drum and Bugle
Corps; 7:30 pm, Girl Scouts; 8 pm.
the closing dance for the young people
East Washington Center: Tuesday
7:30 pm, Boy Scout Troop No. 90; $50
pm, community dance. Thursday
pm, B B. Girls: 7:30 pm, dressmak-
ing. basketry; 3 pm. drill corps oi
Bethlehem Chapter, No. z. o. E. S.
gym class for women and nurses OF
Galliuger Hospital. Saturdays pm
community program with moving pic
lures, East Washington Community
Players.
Dunbar Center: Thursday, pm.
meetings Of the Columbia Temple
Marching Club. Columbia Lodge March.
ing Club. American Woodmen drill
team, American Woodmen Band prac.
tiee. Silver Leaf Athletic Club, BirneJ
Community Chorus.
Garfield Center: Wednesday, 8 pm.
the recital Of the music extension
classes, the exhibit of handicraft anc
! the flower pageant.
Evening star., 1928-06-03

Were you born In this country
Frau Mannheim"
Il was born in Baden" she answered
in fiat, rather cultural tones. i came
TO America when l was IL"
You have not always been COOK,
take it." Vance's voice had slightly
different intonation from that which he
had used with Sproot.
At first the woman did not answer
mo, sir she said finally, only
since the death of my husband"
How did you happen to come to the
Greencs?"
Again she hcsitatcd II had met Mr.
TCbias Greene, he knew my husband
When my husband died there wasn't
any money And | remembered Mr.
Greene. and | thought"
I understand" Vance paused. his
eyes In space You heard nothing oi
what happened here last night?"
mo, sir Not until Mr. Chester called
up the stairs and said for lis to gel
dressed and come down,
Vance rose ana turned TO the window
overlooking the East River.
That's ALL Frau Mannheim. Be sc
good as to tell the senior maid--Hem'
ming. isn't She?--to come here"
Without a word the cook left us. anc
ner place was presently taken by tall
slatternly woman, with sharp, prudisfl
face and severely combed hair Sht
wore a black, one-piece dress, and
heellcss vici kid shoes; and her severity
of mien was emphasized by pair OF
thick -lenscd spectacles.
Il understand, Hemming hegaf
Vance. rcSeating himself before the FIRE
place that you heard neither shot las
night, and learned of the tragedy only
when called by Mr.. Greene"
The woman nodded with jerky, en-
phatic movement
Il was spared" she said. in raspins
voice But the tragedy, as you call 1t
had to come sooner or later. 1t was ar
act Of God. If you ask me-"
Well. we're not asking you, Hem
ming; but we're delighted to have YOU
opinion So God had hand In the
shooting, eh?"
Continued in Tomorrow's Starr
Evening star., 1928-06-03

various branches of the Reserve Corps
as indicated: Dental Corps, Col. Julian
r. Bernheim, D. c., and Maj. Arthur b.
Crane, Dental Reserve: Medical Admin
istratiye Corps, Capt. Joseph v. Byrne,
Medical Administrative Reserve; Sani-
tary Corps, Maj. Edward A. Goldman.
Sanitary Reserve, and Veterinary
Corps. Col. William @. Turner, v. c.,
and Maj. Jesse p. Porch, Veterinary
Reserve. For the Medical Corps, Brig
Gen. Frank r. Keefer. assistant to the
surgeon general of the Army, will con-
duct the examination of candidates for
appointment OF Reserve officers for cer-
tificate of capacity for promotion to
the grade of colonel only The board
will be guided by the requirements of
sections and 7, Army Regulations
l40-5, and the provisions of Army
Regulations, l40-2I.
A second board has been appointed
by the War Department TO meet at
Boiling Field for the purpose Of de-
termining the fitness OF candidates ap-
pearing before it for appointment in the
Air Corps Reserve, and also TO conduct
the practical test Of such Reserve off,
GERS as may be authorized To appear
before the board to determine their fit
ness for a certificate Of capacity. The
board will be composed Of the follow
ing officers: Mai Robert A. Hale,
M c., and the following Air Corps off,
GERS: First Lieuts. Peter E. Skanse, Bob
T.. Nowland and Second Lieut.. Robert l..
Brookings, A. c., recorder.
Officers of the 313th Field Artillery
Regiment, Col. Leroy w. Heron COM
manding. will meet at headquarters
battery, 10th Field Artillery stables,
Fort Myer. Va, today at o o'clock for
instruction In equitation under the di-
rection of Mai. w. n. Woodward
No instructional assembly Is sched-
uled for tomorrow evening. but Tuesday
evening at local Reserve headquarters
the 320th Infantry will meet and Col
Winfield Scott will talk on the active
duty training Of the regiment, which
will be from July ! TO IA
Next Wednesday evening the 3l3th
Field Artillery will meet at headquar-
ters. at which assembly there viii be
be taken up terrain and blackboard
firing. Col. Heron has announced
that he will hold a meeting Of his regi-
ment every Wednesday evening during
June preparatory TO its active duty
training during July at Fort Hoyle, Md.
The Citizens Military Training
Camps quota of 206 for the District OF
Columbia has been filled. approx
mately 900 residents of Washington
having filed their applications TO at
tend these camps this Summer All
procurement districts Of the District OF
Columbia have exceeded their assigned