davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

managed forests, the revenue of which
would go toward the upbuilding of the
educational opportunities of the peo-
pie of the State, and the timber from
them to maintain the wheels of in
dustry in continuous operation.
Although the, Federal government
already has close to million acres in
its National Forests in Minnesota,
there is room to increase this area of
National Forests, particularly in the
region of Lake Superior and elsewhere.
up to million acres.
The bulk of. Minnesota,s timber
lands will, still remain in private
hands and it will be, largely up to the
initiative of these private owners that
the State must look for the regaining
by Minnesota of the prominent place
it once had in the lumber industry of
the country. With Statewide fire
protection, supplemented by fire-pro-
tective associations of timber owners
themselves, and with workable, prac-
tical forest tax law on our statute
books, and with faith in the use of
wood as indispensable to modern civil
lization, there is every hope that the
private land owners will be as keen
in holding their land for future forest
production as public agencies them
selves.
The State will gradually outgrow its
belief. that only protection of cut-over
land from fire will regain for this
State a leading position in the timber
industry of the country. Fires have
replaced our original forests of Nor
way and white pine with popple
(aspem and jack pine; protection
from fire will merely increase our
stands of these inferior woods, but
will not bring back the fine forests of
Norway and white, pine for which this
State was once famous-at least not
within the time measured by human
life. Planting, and planting on a large
scale, will be practiced not only on
public forest land but also, on private
forest lands. I am certain that Min
nesota will not lag behind the other
states in its forest planting program,
At present, planting in the State, is
almost Insignificant, and those who
would like to plant forests have not
the means for securing plentiful, and
cheap supply of planting material.
can clearly see the time when Min
nesota, like Michigan, Pennsylvania
and New York, will plant at least
$4,000 acres year, that its nurseries
will be turning out every year 80 to
40 million trees for planting in this
State. This is not dream-it is well
within the realization of the next
or 10 years.
But above all, I look to the time
when the people of Minnesota will be-
come ''forest-minded" and, will regard
forest development as the most, con-
structiye public. activity in the State,
and will back it up to the limit. Near.
ly 100 years ago.. great French states
man, Colbert, said, France, without
forests, will perish. Minnesota : is
confronted with similar dilemma.
France has solved her forest problem,
and so will Minnesota, because that. |
is the only way in which its future |
can be safe-guarded.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27
A Glance Into the
Future of Forestry.
BY Raphael zon, Director Lake States
Forest Experiment Station.

Two roads are open to this State in
it's attitude towards its forest wealth
One road leads to complete depletion
of Minnesota's forests and dependence
of the wood using industries of the
State upon raw materials imported
from Canada, the Pacific Coast, or the
South The other road leads to the
preservation and development of her
own timber resources and indepen.
dence of her industries based upon
home grown materials.
The first road is fraught with in
stability, uncertainty, and lack of
sound development. Minnesota is en-
dowed with wonderful natural re-
sources: fertile soil, land most Won
derfully adapted to timber growing,
mines, lakes, and God-fearing people
who love the land their forefathers
settled. 1t is hard to conceive of any
permanent industry that is not rooted
| in the soil of the State ITSELF. The
second of the two roads is the one to
economic independence, to permanent,
stable industries, based on wood as its
staple raw material such as sawmills,
pulp and paper plants and many
other wood using industries,
There is no doubt in my mind which
road the people of Minnesota will
eventually take. There may be occa-
sional halts in the development of the
forest resources of our State, some
confusion or hesitancy, but in the long
run, the common sense of the people
will assert itself.
can visualize, therefore, that a
great part of the 81 million acres of
forest land, which is unsuited to agri-
culture, will be eventually bearing
merchantable timber of as good quail
ity as in the past
In this work of retaining our cut
over and burned land into forest pro-
ductivity, the Town, County, the State,
Municipality, Federal government and
private owner of land will all have
their share. I can visualize many
town and county forests, which, like
in Switzerland, will dot the vast ex-
panSe of our State. These town and
county forests will be a source of
revenue to the local communities just
as they are in Europe instead of
burden as the tax delinquent, cut
over lands are at present.
There is no douh that the State in
the near future will adopt definite
and aggressive policy, for putting its
own forest holdings in order. The
State Forests, of which Minnesota has
some 100000 acres, will be put under.
forest management. The remaining
State-owned forest lands will be block
ed out in large contiguous areas, and
whether organized into State forests
or not, will be handled as a continuous
forest property and not merely as a
mine to be worked out and left to its
own fate. This State, by exchange
or even direct purchase, should have
eventually 2 to 3 million acres of well
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27
CANDIDATE A. ]. ROCKNE
VISITED THE VOTERS OF ELY.

Senator A. j. Rockne of Zumbrota,
q candidate for the position of United
States Senator, visited with the voters
Of this city Wednesday in the inter-
ests Of his campaign. He was accom-
panied by Senator Fred Bessette and
Chas. T. Murphy, both well known
here and on the ranges. Fred Bessette
at one time was a resident of this city
and Charley Murphy represented us
in the lower house for several terms.
Senator Rockne has served in the
state legislature for a quarter of a
century, fourteen years of which he
has been chairman of the finance
committee, He has been Republican
all his life.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27
Forest Conservation
and Tourists. I
BY H. c.. Hotaling, Ten Thousand
Lakes Assn.

Next to our ten thousand lakes
themselves there is probably nothing
quite as important in the attracting
of tourists to Minnesota as our forests.
In fact our lakes would lose most of
their attractiveness were we to remove
the forests from their shores.
Forests contribute greatly to those
things that go to make summer
/, playground interesting. The trees
| themselves add to the beauty of the
landscape. They offer protection to
! the birds and animals. They even af-
! ford a certain amount of food for the
fishes in the depths of the lakes. In
/, times of freshets they hold the waters
| in scattered reservoirs preventing
great floods In times of drought they
gradually release these waters, keep
ing lakes and streams levels closer to
normal than they would be if the
country were denuded of trees.
Thus the forests from the viewpoint
of their value in the conservation of
game and fish are tremendously inn
portant, because people from the large
cities of the United States, from which
Minnesota draws a great percentage
of her summer visitors, are interested
in the creatures of the wild and the
beauties of nature to be found in the
forests.
We, who are. constantly in, touch
with the tourist business of the State
find that summer visitors, from the
cities are deeply interested in explor-
ing the woods, either by hiking or
canoeing. In this way they have an
opportunity to study nature in way
that they could not do by motoring.
They enjoy tracing the delicate per-
fume of the trailing arbutus to its
source; they like to study the habits
of the various animals and birds.
The rabbit eating clover at the road
side or the partridge hurrying her
brood to safety thrills them. The
sight of a fawn gives them something
to talk about all the next winter.
The forest yields material to the
man who wants to build log cabin
and this type of summer abode is in
great demand with many tourists. It
protects the cabin from the heat of
the sun during the day. 1t beauti-
fies the shoreline of the lake on which
the cabin is located and offers whole
education in nature to children and
grown folks as we'll.
In recent years we have constantly
been reminded by tourists that one of
the reasons they are coming to Min
nesota is because the lakes here still
have trees on their shores. Not only
has this been an important factor in
attracting tourists here as visitors, but
it has also been a>splendid induce
ment to the man seeking site for a
summer home.
Lakeshore denuded of it's trees is
hfeless and holds little appeal to the
man looking for place to build a
summer home. Trees. unlike most
other vegetation require many years
of growth before they become large
enough to be of value. Therefore,
conservation of the trees which we
now have is of more importance in
our reforestation scheme than the
planting of new trees.
Several years ago the state of Min
nesota very wisely withdrew all It's
lakeshore timber from the market,
and today lakeshore tracts may be
leased from year to year as summer
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

but the rangers and the public must
be SO organized and equipped that the
quickest and most practical action
can be taken once fire starts.
Forest fire lookout stations, tower
ing above the forests with their look
out watchmen, ever on guard for
smokes must eventually be increased
to where the entire forest area can
be kept under direct observation at
all times during dangerous weather
Of fire. seasons. These stations can
only properly function when they have
direct or quick telephone connection
with the ranger or other forest officers.
At these lookout stations, Smoke chas-
ers" should be in readiness with shock
troop equipment. The first half hours
work on q fire generally counts for
more than the ten hours following.
Fire suppression will always be a
partial failure until the detection sys-
tenn is adequate and prompt, and the
forces completely supplied with the
best and most effective equipment
available. The forest ranger in his
fire suppression duties is very compar-
able to a city department, except he
often, has to go fifty to a hundred
miles, on uncertain roads and trails
or by canoe.
supplementary to PREPAREDNESS for
action i or warning Of danger days
and hours, primary lookout stations or
ranger stations over the State will be
equipped with weather instruments so
that hourly readings can be taken.
Small burning tests will be carried on
under forest conditions to keep close
watch on inflammability. Forecasts
from the data obtained viii warn the
fire suppression forces as well as any
one using fire at that time. The Uni
ted States Weather Bureau is now CO.
operating by putting special men on
fire weather studies and forecasting
danger days.
: Minnesota's forest laws do not need
a great deal of revising or strengthen
ing, but public sentiment and better
reaction in all the courts is necessary
to make them effective The law en-
forcement problem is best carried on
as an educational feature. Support
for forest protection and management
depends quite materially on a well
directed and comprehensive educa-
tional program.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

Continued on page So
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27
BOARD OF HEALTH SAYS:
CLEAN UP BEFORE MAY 10.

In another place in this paper will
be found notice issued by the Board
of Health requesting general clean
up of the city and the dead line. has
been set for May 10 when all must be
spick and span. Cards to this. effect
have also been distributed and the
forces of the street commissioner. are
now busy putting them up in the alleys
and other places needing cleaning.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

home sites. BY saving the timber the
State made the land more valuable
than it would have been had it sold
the timber and permitted it to be log
ged off. Tourists are impressed by the
beautiful groves to be found all along
the highways as they pass through
the agricultural districts of Minnesota
and even those sections where there
are few lakes, are made attractive by
the presence of trees
The establishment of woodlots
should be practiced in those parts of
the State where forests do not grow
naturally, because in addition to pro-
lection against sun and storm, and be-
sides beautifying the landscape they
help to retain needed moisture and
solve the fuel problem. They also
help in the building problem as many
farmers are now using native lumber
for barns and other buildings.
Conservation of forests does not
mean the cutting of timber should not
be permitted. Forests, like grain, grass
or potatoes should be considered a
crop. Trees are constantly maturing
Younger trees are fighting for space to
grow. The proper scientific method to
perpetuate the forest is to cut the
mature trees and let the younger ones
grow. In this way the forest will al
ways be producing something in the
way of revenue and it will always be
a healthy growing woodland Perhaps
the most piteous sight that can come
to the attention of a true conServa-
ZIONIST is to see woodland devastated
by fire, blackened stumps standing out
lined against the sky with the younger
growth burned out by the roots, but
it is not much worse than the forest
that has been permitted to mature, it's
trees die, to stand gaunt, ugly, or to
become tumbled-down tangled fire
trap, dangerous and unsightly.
The Ten Thousand Lakes ASsocia-
ton is interested in the forests be-
cause of their value in attracting sum-
end there Primarily it is interested
in anything that will build and de-
velop Minnesota and therefore wants
to see the forests utilized in the most
practicable manner. Minnesota has
thousands of acres that can be made
valuable by forest development not
only as summer Fairgrounds, but in
the production of timber for COM
mercial USE Thousands of acres in
Minnesota are ideally suited to the
growing of timber, and will reforest
themselves if protected against fire.
I believe that everything possible
should be done to encourage the prop
er development of these lands, which
would mean that forest lands should
be given every protection against fire;
that selective scientific cutting should
be practiced to get the maximum
revenue from products and keep the
forests growing and green. Thus
Minnesota would not only assure her
own citizens and those of other states
who spend their summer here that her
woodlands would be kept beautiful,
but would also perpetuate an industry
that would bring millions of dollars
annually through attracting the tourist
and the marketing of forest products.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27
Looking Aheadson Our
Fire Problems from
Past Experience.
BY. G.. M. Comet. Commissioner of
, Forestry and Fire Prevention.

Large devastating forest fires which
have taken their heavy toll of human
lives and, their millions in property
and wild life, are not all Of the past
but they have their ever existing pos
sihilities. the most recent one. being
only ten years ago.. To bring about a
solution of problem as vital and
necessary as the forestry need in our
State, an extensive educational pro-
gram must be carried out. Much OF
| it will be brought about in our. public
schools and thru the press Until the
citizens of the State and. the users of
the forests are awakened to its seri-
BUSINESS, forest fire. problems will never
be solved.
With our. forest and, grass fires
burning over two and one-haH per
cent, of our forest lands annually, q
new crop can never be grown or har-
vested. 1t will be necessary to, not
develop better methods of prevention
and more effective methods of sup
preston but we must make our. for
ests. more f1reproof. We cannot grow
asbestos trees, so the. next best. will be
preventive methods, All roads,, trails
and portages. in the woods must : be
clean and. free from comhustible MAJ.
fterial, Forests should be kept in as
large blocks as possible and not extern
eively opened up to sunlight and wind.
Burned areas must be. Immediately re-
forested to prevent growth of grass
and weeds, as they are. q much higher
fire, hazard than small growing trees.
The most inf1amable species. of trees
in a forest must be removed or dis
couraged. Fortunately the most VAL
liable species for commercial purposes
are more fire reSistent and less. haz-
ardous types. Mixed types are de-
sirable in that they will be more re-
sistent to disease and epidemics which
are apt to cause large areas to die and
become hazardous. The most practi-
cal culture to bring about these desir-
ed conditions is the rigid system of
selective and partial cutting Of all of
our forests, both publicly and private
ly owned On account Of their capital
investments and tax problems and the
large number of ownerships and scat
tered holdings proper selective cut
tings viii come slowly in private hold
ings. There is. however, no reason
why State and other public forests
should not be put under such manage
ment at this. time 1t would not only
reduce the, fire. hazard and aid in the
fire protection work but 1t would be
the most logical and the. most practi-
cal method Of preserving and making
more productive Minnesota's forests.
The ranger system~of forest, pro-.
lection, with trained and skilled men,
will always remain as the backbone or
the skeleton force; but no State For
estry Department, nor any other for
estry organization, can ever - bring
about the desired results. without "a
whole hearted public support. The
forest rangers can only be expected to
act as organizers and leaders In the
work. Every private citizen must en-
list himself in this future army or for
est protectors. The preventing of
these forest fires is OF first Importance,
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

Vice President-Sister Anna Mcbride
OF Virginia; Secretary and Treasurer
Sister Ruth Peterson of Biwabik. The
officers of Vermillion Lodge No. 8 are:
Noble Grand-Sister Emma Brobin;.
Vice Grand-Sister .Winnifred Hala-
mix: Chaplain-Sister Mary, Nichols;
Past Noble Grand-Sister Llama Haa-
visto.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

The progress of civilization has
been marked by the depletion of
forests and then by their .restOra-
ton. Some nations, however, were
never able to replace the original
forests, and they are today among
the bleak, arid, naked desert lands
Of the world.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

Lest we should wax optimistic, it is
we'll to remember that 100000 acres
of cutover lands have been so ravaged
by repeated fires that they will never
reproduce saw timber unless artifici-
ally planted.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1928-04-27

Trees planted today will evidently
mean ships, schools, houses,
churches, recreation, prosperity
and a strong nation.
Evening star., 1928-08-25
THE, PHLOX

Universally cultivated and easily
grown, the perennial garden phlox needs
little mention. but one cannot help but
wish to pay tribute TO this worthy plant
which brings color and JOY TO so many
gardens, As a token Of its general
esteem, II Is noteworthy that a certain
garden organization has recently pro-
posed the phloX as the national flower
which Just at this season it might well
be-
Perennial phlox is easily propagated
by dividing the old root stock in early
Spring and has in this manner been
passed from home to home so that
throughout the country districts and
small villages one can scarcely find a
dooryard without its bed of phlox and
here and there a few phlox plants still
fiourlShlng where a home once stood
In this respect it rivals the old common
lilac and the tiger lily, two other species
which have the faculty of continuing
existence even in the face of uneven
odds against grass. weeds and Father
Time.
Phlox seeds very freely in the vicinity
oi Washington but only very rarely does
a phlox seeding equal its parent. There
Is usually a reaction to the wild plant
The phloX has the added advantage of
being native of the Eastern United
States, which fact gives il a rare adam
taoiilty TO environment and a singular
freedom from pests
Evening star., 1928-08-25

plant takes on A stunted. unhealthy ap-
pcarance. An examination Of the roots
will generally reveal the presence of
blush green aphds. As is the case with
most aphids, garden ants are active
agents in spreading the pest. busily
carrying the aphids from plant to plant
and even carefully guarding the aphid
eggs during the Winter
Or Weieel and w. Middleton, in
Farmers Bulletin No. 1895. Insect
Enemies o. the Flower Garden Sug-
cest the following treatment for root
aphids: Fresh tobacco dust mixed with
equal parts OF air-Slaked lime should
be thoroughly worked In around the
roots of infested plants, or If larger
areas are concerned the surface should
be treated with a heavy coating OF TINS
mixture. which should be worked IN by
thoroughly Spading over the entlre
area This should be done sufficiently
in advance of the replanting to permit
the rains to reach the materials through
the soil where the chemicals will operate
against the insects.
when an aster field Is known to be
infested with this form of aphld ~ Is
advisable to rotate the crops, using the
ground for plants not closely related TO
the aster. Thorough blowing In late
Fall will destroy the ant nests. whers
the aphid eggs are then found, by ex-
posture to the weather"
Evening star., 1928-08-25
Gardening i'm Washington

AND IT'S ENTIRONS

fcctive because some Of the shorter
spikes will lie closely to the ground
where the mower cannot reach them.
Fertilization Of the lawn will help to
encourage the better grasses SO that
they are not 50 easily crowded out by
crab grass Cottonseed meal has been
found by tho Department Of Agriculture
TO be a very good lawn grass fertilizer
much safer 10 use than the quickly act
ing nitrogen fertilizers such as nitrate
ot soda Used at the rate of one pound
per 40 square feet. the cottonSeed meal
win stimulate strong growth,
II one really wishes TO rid his lawn
OF crab grass 1t will be necessary to re-
make it, Spading the entire surface,
deeply feTtilizing with stable manure II
possibly available and resccding with
carefully selected lawn grass mixture.
September is a good time of year TO re-
make the lawn since the young grass
will have time to get a strong start be-
fore Winter and will be in excellent
condition 70 grow nicely in early Spring,
BY continuing 10 feed The new lawn 1t
should BE- some years at least before
crab grass can again assume leadership
among the grasses
Evening star., 1928-08-25

Of the hard work One who has not
taken part in these activities cannot
exactly appreciate what lot of real
work there is in the conduct Of garden
club
The planning of a lecture program
and the securing of capable lecturers
who are willing to give their services Is
no small task and the planning and
actual staging of flower and vegetabls
shows require q lot of time and real
onesr-to-goodness labor.
These remarks are not offered to dis
courage the formation of new garden
clubs, but to help bring a realization
that a garGen club cannot be carried on
without real, earnest effort. RI there
is nucleus of willing. interested
workers the club may be expected to
survive, If not its fate is likely to be
that of number of garden clubs which
have been organized in this vicinity in
recent years only to quickly disappear.
On the other hand one can point to
the Hyattsville Horticultural Society,
the Woodbridge Garden Club. the Ia
koma Horticultural Club and others
which have become veritable institu-
tons IN their respective communities.
If one were in a position to analyZe
the success of these clubs he would find
a lew real workers bearing the brunt.
with no expected reward beyond that of
the consciousness that they are per-
forming real service. The garden club
has few equals as a medium for render
ing unSelfish. non partisan service to
the community