davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19

Attack aviation is separate division
of military aeronsutics like pursuit and
bombardment It is a development
from the ground straffing' tactics en-
ployed during the war with any ana
all types of planes and now mas become
a special war science in aviation,
In order to get the most effective re-
suits out of "attac; AVIATION" a special
type plane had to be developed and this
has been ccompliShcd after much eX-
perimantation and study The official
attack" plane for the Army is the Cur
tisS Falcon" two-seater, bearing the
designation A-3. 1t is biplane with
the upper wing of sweep back" de-
siqn-that is. the construction or the
top section gives the appearance OF
having been bent back at each end,
The plane is a two~seater and Is In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19
MARINE FLYERS IN NICARAGUA
HAVE NEEDLE-IN-HAYSTACK lob
Visual Reconnaissance In hickly
Wooded Country Made Extremely
Difficult by Bandit Hiding Tactics.

The determination Of the strength.
movements and location Of an enemy
who is not in uniform: who Is without
9 permanent base OF any sort: who
uses every known ruSe to conceal him.
self, who seeks cover in the most re-
mote wooded wilderness and fire.
ouently r7ingIes with people who are
neutral, is the problem which the
Marine pilots and observers in Mica
ragus are called upon to solve under a
branch of military aerial operations
known Is visual reconnaissance
Difficult as u may seem. such 4 task
has not gone unfinished. Through
weeks n hazardous flying. weeks of
patrols and other aerial missions. the
Marine Corps DiTdmen have learned q
thing or two. with the result that their
operations have confirmed the value Of
the s.rplsre IN the mountainous. wilder
ness country beyond q reasona bic
coubf.
Outlaws Change Tactics
Once theYe was q time when the San
dino outlaws 1ere located within ar
area controlled py them they had per-
naanent camps and "hangouts, cDn-
Etructed esrtnUorks and gave flQnt
when the planes approached But since
the oornosrdment Of Il Chp0ts-one
o. the tao greatest victories the planes
scored since they arrived IN Nicaragua
the outlaw tactics with reference 20 the
Marine aircraft have changed entirely
Since that engagement their mum
beys nave been greatly reduced. they
n1oYe almost entirely a. hours when
the planes cannot reach them. they
caHoQfa2e tneir camps and stables
they conflne their operations 70 terrain
q
observation and never fire on the
planes unless they ind themselves dis
covered. As soor As this outlaw doc
trlne VAS learned the air Da trOis
ADOPTED 4 much oolder method 81
operation
seldom are more than Two planes
usec on z mission Reconnaissance IS
CONDUCTED ~ The lowest possible altl-
tUcss snc suspicious places are APP
preached from behind hills nr noun.
talns the planes gliding In with throt.
tee engines Pilots ~ around house.
st al'jtUdes ~ low that the observer,
Arms Are Hidden.
The outlaws nave been especial,
drilled and trained IN take conceal.
n7enl from aifplaues Small group
frequently hide their arms and feigg
innocence some groups are provided
R7tn women and children who SHOW
themselves boldly while the men re
main under cover secure IN The knoWl
edge that the women VIII not DC at
tackled
However the observers haze I'M
f1roYad greatly IN skill ana Ia spite 0
All the yuses adopted by the outia,
groups good observer can usual
state positively that any locality recon
notferec In either free from outlaws
contains outlaws Or j. suspicious Tn
latter ierrn Is employed 20 indicate
Mace that SHOWS signs ~ eoniainin
outlaws but cannot be reported sE bein
outlaw beyond DOUBT
The smallest signs ere utilized IN DO
telm.n.ng the character @! any iocaAt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19
FOUR NEW PILOTS HERE.

Four Washingtonians appear on the
latest list Of pilots licensed by the aero
nautics branch Of the Department Of
Commerce. The four local airmen each
has been granted the transport-type
license. which gives them permission
10 ny all types and kinds Of licensed
airplanes and To carry passengers ard
cargo Tor hire
They are Elmer @ Gross. local
representative Of Pitcairn Aviation, Inc
operators of the New York Washington
Atlanta overnight mail John Henfy
lllton, the Ontario apartments. Fred
erlck Scfausx ALA N street Army Air
Corps Reserve pilot and Leslie c
Stevens l70l Sixteenth street
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19
OFFICIALS TO TEST
ANT|-FOG LIGHT
New BeaCons to Flash Code
Numbers to Guide Flyers
Along Always.

A novel test of new light, designed
to pierce fog will be made on the De-
psrtment of Commerce airwsys Of the
Nation in the near future and the
results will convince officials here Ct
the efficacy of the newest device with
out any psychological features supplied
by the pilots entering into the decision
as to which is the best
Thirty-six of the new lights have
been purchased by the airways division
from the Stone Fog Light Corporation
OF Los Angeles. They will be scattered
about the night-hying routes of the
country and no one but the installer
and few officials In the airways di-
vision here will know OF their where
abouts.
Then the word will 60 out to thu
night pilots that new lights have bee1
installed on their sections and inquiry
will be made If any improvement has
been observed in fog and poor visibility.
In this way, it is felt. the pilot will not
be looking for the light If he we're i'll
formed as to its location and hence
the light will speak for itself or not at
all
The light embraces a 14-inch lens
iIIto WHICH Has iuSeu cOnlDlIad-
tons of molecules of gold, silver and
platinum. The prismatic molecular
particles refract and reflect the light
throwing metallic rays and amber color
which are held to penetrate the fog.
dispelling the intensifying effect CT
ordinary lights. which. instead of pene-
trating, produce wall of binding
light
The 36 lens will be mounted as
course lights. In this capacity, they
will be on the top platform of reyoly-
ing 24-inch heacons and will constantly
flash in code the number of the beacon
which the night pilot is approaching
Should pilot in poor weather get off
his course, or miss a few lights. the
one that he finally sees ahead tell;
him the number of the beacon. hence
by checking with his map. if he does
not carry the numbers in his head. he
is able to locate his position instantly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19
~ UROPE. with its many huge
- cabin passenger airplaneS
flying over bSidize d

y OhOEB. with Its many huge
- cabin passenger airplaneS
flying over substitute d
routes. is face TO face with
battling problem-noiSe in the
% cabln---which is calculated to hold
back the success of civil aviation
unless solved or materially re-
GuCed.
America. which is on the
threshold Of passenger carrying in
big cabin planes TO the extent OF
the European operations, likewise
is aware Of the problem, and its
experts ere getting down to the
point With a determination TO
lick il" before the noise 'lickS"
commercial aviation
The mere mention Of the sub
iect of noise and its resulting dis
comforts and Ill effects on pasSen-
gers as whole brings cheer to the
followers Of air transport develop
ment. for the recognition Of such
& menace tends TO give the i'm
preston that airplane design and
construction have reached such A
progressive stage that attention is
being paid to personal comforts of
those who f1y-Something I'M
thought Of q few short years ago.
People who fly in the future will
demand comfort. the air trans
port operators know. Comfort
means being able TO talk with one
another in a normal voice. COM
fort means being able to enter the
plane in street dreSS-not with a
helmet strapped over the head
and with great gobS of cotton
within the ears to give added pro-
lection against the noise. even
though the lack OF a helmet and
goggles doesn't look aeronautical
Furthermore, the present noises
In alrplane cabins have certain
physical effects on different pas
SengerS.
In England, where a heavily
subsidized passenger line oper-
ates across the Channel to Paris,
special emphasis has been laid on
the subject, according 10 informa-
ton reaching Washington aero
nautical circles. And in tackling
the problem. the British experts
have not soft pedaled" the nui-
Sanee created by the noise. In
fact. they make 1t appear much
worse than it probably is-all with
the view Of correcting the evil.
which some scientists there feel
never will be conquered until
new scheme of things is invented
TO pull or push the airplane
through the air.
A close study of the source of
sounds in an airplane cabin has
revealed that the most prominent
OF all the noises is the engine ex-
hauSt. and it is held there that it
makes no difference how many
cylinders or what type of engine
is employed. The next prominent
source OF sound is the propeller.
When the airplane has a single
propeller, located in front or in
the nose" of the fuSelage, the
propeller sound is relatively less
important owing TO its greater
distance from the passengers.
When, however, two wing engines
are employed. a considerable VOL
unae OF sound is projected on the
walls af the cabin - -
Then there are other sounds.
relatively unimportant, but pos
slbly noticeable because of their
different quality. The worthless
produced by the stay wires send
of vibrations in directions per
pendicular to the direction of
travel; there are. sounds due to
the tappets of the engine. the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19
MONOPLANE CALLED
AIRCRAFT OF FUTURE
Three Fourths of Flying Machines
at French Exhibit Are of
That Type.

PARIS lE).-Three~ fourths Of all
dying craft displayed at the Interna-
,tional Aeronautic Exhibition. now IN
progress here, are monoplanes and
French aviation experts say that this
type will dominate airplane construc-
ton in the future.
The biggest attraction for the un-
precedented crowd Of daily visitors.
however. happens TO be a biplane, II
is the weatherheaten Breguet in which
Coste and lie BriX flew over five CONT
nents From the time the doors open
ia the morning until their closing at
night there is a long queue waiting
To climb ladd and look into the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19
Japan Has Plane Service

Regular passenger air service be-
tween Sakai and Oita, Japan. has been
established. the Department of Com
merce is advised by Assistant Com
mercial Attache j. H Ehlers at Toxic.
Mail is carried over this route three
times a week by the Nippon Air Trans
port Laboratory. Seven scaplancS are
employed in the undertaking
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19
Protect Your Gears
The Correct Lubrication

The Correct fabrication
for the Gears.
Ebonite IL a. scientific gear iubri.
cant in two grades.
EBONITE-T for the transmits
sion gears, makes gear shifting
amazingly easy, in all seasons, and
at all speeds.
EBONITE-R for rear axles"
cushions these important gears, and
saves repair bills.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-08-19

Lieut. Peter E. Skanse of Boiling
Field has been assigned 10 duty as an
instructor for the Minnesota National
Guard Air Service at St. Paul Mimi
Evening star., 1928-11-14
PASSING BADGERS
MAY WORRY IOWA
Northwestern Has Overhead
Game Ready for Match
With HooSierS.
BY ORLO L. ROBERTSON,
Associated Press Stan Writer.

@H1cAGo. November 1.-THE
Western Conference gridiron
atmosphere Is apt to be filled
~ with flying foot oall Saturday,
but forward passes should do
much to clarity the final 1928 stand
ings.
Doubtless Wisconsin, deadiocked with
Iowa for the Big Ten leadership. will
look to the air for victory over Iowa at
Iowa City. The Iowans are not adverse to
passing If their running attack fails.
Gloomy Glenn" Thistlethwaite, with
well perfected overhead garie, is askin:
for a dry field when he sends h;
light, speedy backs against the powerful
Iowa forward wall
While depending largely on the of
tackle smashes and end runs Of McLaii
and Glasgow, the Hawkeyes are fc:
from weak In the passing game. Nc
Lain, the Cherokee Indian, Is equally
adept at passing as he Is at puntins
and carrying the ball. Iowa also has
two reliable ends In Moore and Reed.
quist to receive McLain's hCaves.
With an aerial game that has
menaced every team met this year.
Northwestern Is expected 10 flip passes
with the same degree of accuracy when
the Wildcats meet Indiana at Bloom
ing tOH n passing macn1ne Dutlc around
Capt Walt Holmer has completed bet
ter than so per cent of its attempts.
Hoosier Backs Good.
Indiana, weak on the overhead gamt
Will match Northwestern's varied at
tack with a running attack centered
around one Of the best set Of backs In
the Conference. Offensive Capt. Chuck
Bennett will be back in the line-up as
will defensive Capt Matthew
Given only an outside chance of de-
feating Illinois, the Chicago Maroons
are going about the task of building a
passing game that will baffle the Illini
defense. Illinois has shown itself no.
ticeably weak against passes all season.
For the first time this season Coach
Robert Zuppke Is pleased with the
Illinois eleven. The Illini mentor all
season has decried the fact that his
1928 eleven was not the team of 1927
despite the many veterans IN the line
up. This week, however, zuppke saws
ne Will throw much improved team
against Chicago.
Four Of the Big Ten teams, Ohio
state, Purdue, Michigan and Minne-
sofa, Will entertain circumference on
ponents. Minnesota tangies with the
Haskell Indians: Michigan renews its
feud with Michigan State: Purdue takes
on Wabash, while Ohio State rests up
Tor Illinois with Muskingum.
Evening star., 1928-11-14
135-P0UND ELEvENS
TO CLASH FOR LEAD

Capital City Foot Ball Leagues un-
defeated teams will clash Sunday.
Mohawk Props and st. Stephens elevens
will oppose on No. West Potomac
Park gridiron, with the leadership at
stake.
JanrnyS and MercuryS, each carrying
one defeat and each striving for the
top round, will battle on Friendship
field at o'clock. Yankee and Peerless
teams, now tied for the top position of
the second divisions, are to battle each
other, while National Preps profit by a
forfeit decision over Alexandria Fire
men Props, long since withdrawn.
Brookland A. G. and Northern Prep
teams of 135-pound division will clash
in the feature contest in that section.
These teams, along with Nardfeldts,
have not been beaten in four starts.
Brookland has one tied contest to date.
MardfeldtS also face a coming team in
Petworth A. c., which now has split
even in four starts.
Ofncial team standings and games
scheduled for Sunday follow:
Evening star., 1928-11-14
Fights Last Night

BY the Associated Press
CHICAGO-Joey Medi.l, Chicago,
outpointed Billy Wallace, Cleveland
Q0). Ernie Peters, Chicago, knocked
out Young Dencio. Philippines go.
NEW YORK.-Tony Vaccarelli, New
York. outpointed Hilarto Martinez,
Spain 10)
INDIANAPOLIS. - Cowboy Eddie
Anderson, Cody. Wyo., outpointed Tony
Escalante, Mexico City Q0). Johnny
Nasser, Terre Haute, mi, outpointed
Harry Fierro, Chicago 90.
DES MONIES, Iowa.-Tony Legouri,
Des Moines, knocked out Wildcat Eddie
Mason, st. Paul 90.
JACKSONVILLE, Fla.-Finky May,
New York, and Eddie Burl, Mobile, Ala,
drew I0t.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. Tut, Mime
apoiis, and Tommy Cello. San Fran
cisco, no contest (5) Joe Gordon, Min
neapolis, outpointed Norman Wilson,
Tacoma (6).
FALL RIVER, ass.-9enny kid"
Carter, Denver, outpointed Jimmy
6cully. Boston (s1> ,r.s
Evening star., 1928-11-14
RAILROAD DUCKPIN LOOP
ORGANIZES AND ELECTS

ALEXANDRIA, Va, November "a
Plans for the organization of the Rail-
road Duckpin Bowling League have
been completed. Alexandria Gazette
accepted an invitation to join in order
that the new loop nigh have six teams
Other teams are: Southern Railway
Mechanics, Potomac Yard Transports
tion Clerks, Potomac Yard Revision
Bureau, Southern Railway Accountants
and the Southern Railway Transporta-
ton Department.
H. A. DeButts, superintendent of the
Southern Railway Co., was elected
president, with Robert M. Colvin.
superintendent at Potomac Yards, as
vice president. E. E. Brown, secretary
to the Southern superintendent, was
named secretary and B. NJ Edwards,
chief clerk to the general yard master
at the Southern yards, was elected
treasurer.
Evening star., 1928-11-14
FULL w. & [. POWER
IS AWAITING v. P. |.
BY the Associated Press.

LEXINGTON, Va, November IA
Washington and Lees full strength,
with the exception of Marnett. alter
nate fullback, will be available here
Saturday when the Generals attempt to
stop Virginia Techs march toward the
State title.
BLACKSBURG, Va, November IA
OP).-Phil Spear, fleet sophomore half
back of Virginia Techs eleven. will be
unable to play against Washington and
Lee in the Generals homecoming game
with the Gobblers next Saturday at
Lexington.
Spear dislocated his collar bone in
the battle against Virginia last Satur-
day. Mattox, veteran of three cam
paigns, will probably be Peake's running
mate.
CHAPEL HILL, N. c., November IA
R).-Four Of the Tarheel cripples
scrimmaged yesterday. as North Car
olina coaches settled down to the real
business of preparation for the game
with Davidson Saturday.
Howard and Adkins were or duty In
the varsity line that faced the Fresh
men, while Foard and Magner ran in
the backneld.
Evening star., 1928-11-14
SPIRITED BATTLES
NOW LOOM IN EAST
Princeton Is Pointing for
Yale CIaSh-Notre Dame
After SkiboS.
BY HERBERT w. BARKER.
Associated Press Sports Writer.

n YEW YORK, November 1.-THE
dope would indicate that those
VI who got slapped a year ago
4 will do little slapping on their
own hook Saturday.
Yale's beating by Army and Mary
land have pushed Princeton into the
favored position as Tiger and Bulldog
prepare for their fifty-second clash at
Princeton. Princeton's record is scarce
ly impressive, marred as it is by ties
with Virginia and Ohio State, but at
least the Tigers have avoided defeat.
Last year Yale beat Princeton, 1916.
Cornell has the memory of a 53-7
beating to take into its coming battle
with Dartmouth, and the odds are no
worse than even money that Gil Dobie' s
squad can give the Indians their fourth
successive defeat
williams, now leading in the race for
the Little Three" title. is the experts
choice to down Amherst and avenge a
one-point defeat of last year Lafayette
is conceded at least an even chance of
beating Penn State, which trounced the
LeopardS, 40 to 6, in 1927 Nebraska S
undefeated CornhuSkers will remember
their 2l-13 defeat at Pittsburgh last
season when they take the field at Lin
coin against the PantherS.
no hOmp TOT u. u.
Georgetown, beaten for the first time
by the smart and tricky Carnegie Tech
eleven, has small hope of repeating the
ESQ triumph it scored over West Vir-
ginia. Bucknell will be favored to turn
the tables on Washington and Jefferson
which won, 1913, last year, and Wes-
leyan should have little trouble taking
Bowdoin into camp year after suffer-
ing 30-12 defeat.
Carnegie Tech and Notre Dame did
not meet last year, but Knute Rockne
can tell his HooSierS about a certain
November afternoon in Pittsburgh two
year ago, when the Tartans trampled
an undefeated Rockne team into defeat,
1870. Carnegie will be stalking the un-
defeated record at Cartier Field, South
Bend. this Saturday.
On the other hand, Pennsylvania and
Harvard are favored to repeat the VIC
tories they scored over Columbia and
Holy Cross, respectively, in 1927. Col
gate and Syracuse, renewing an ancient
feud at Syracuse, have 1913 tie to
play off.
Navy, Brown and Boston College will
be rather more than surprised If they
don't account for Loyola of Maryland,
New Hampshire and CanisiuS, respec-
lively.
Even Battle Here.
The Rutgers-Lehigh battle looms as
an extremely evenly contested struggle,
as does that between Grove City and
Villanova, both undefeated, but tied.
In view of MiSSouri'S unimpreSSive
record in the Missouri Valley this sea-
son, New York University, generally
conceded to be one of the best teams
in the East, will be decided favorite
in this battle at the Yankee Stadium.
but Fordham will be an equally decided
underdog against undefeated Detroit.
Army should have romp against Carle-
ton.
Evening star., 1928-11-14
HARRELL'S GOOD GOLF
MAKES ROESCH CADDY

The other day r. T. Harrell and his
business associate, Frank K. Roesch,
went down on Chesapeake Bay for a
two-day sojourn to look over Harrell's
duck blind. They took their golf clubs
along, never knowing what might crop
up to induce them to play. And. sure
enough, on the way back Roesch sug-
gested that they play at Sherwood For
est.
There were no caddies available and
they had to carry their own bags. So
Roesch made the proposal that the man
losing each hole should carry his op.
ponent'S bag on the next hole. Har-
rell won the first hole and never had
to carry his bag thereafter for the bal
ance of the nine holes they played.
Although Harrell didn't win them all.
he managed to keep Roesch from win
ming and the Washington club title
holder had to tote Harrells bag for the
round
Harrell, by the way, did the unusual
stunt the other day of driving a ball
out of bounds and still securing birdie
on par hole. It happened on the
seventh hole at Indian Spring. After
driving out of bounds he secured an ac-
tual on the hole, which scored as a
because of the penalty stroke in
Cured
Evening star., 1928-11-14
finn RUNNERS PLAN
SERIES OF PRO RACES
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, November 14.-The
Finnish nemesis that snatched many
honors from American amateur track
stars Is on the trail of the professional
runners. Paavo Nurni, the phantom
Finn who swept the tracks as an anna
teur, sailed for America yesterday with
the understood intention of turning
professional on his arrival here, and
it seems probable that Willie Ritola,
who has taken most of the honors
Nurmi left, will JOIN him.
Ritola'S entry for the National
Amateur Athletic Union cross-country
championship, which he has won five
times, had not been received on the
closing day, nor did his club, the Fin
nish-American A. c., send in a team
entry.
With the reports from Helsingfors of
Nurmi's intention of turning pro, this
default of Ritola's title Is taken as an
indication that the two Finnish stars
will be matched in a professional barn
storming tour of America.
Evening star., 1928-11-14
DEMPSEY COMEBACK
ONLY TALK THUS FAR

NEW YORK, November IA R).-Jack
Dempsey's second comeback campaign
apparently hasn't gotten beyond the
talking stage yet.
The old Manassa Mauler met Tex
Rickard yesterday in conference wide
ly ballyhooed as of momentous import,
but both said after the meeting they
had talked about everything but boxing.
Tex said Dempsey might talk about the
question of coming back to the ring at
a dinner party later in the day, but
added that nothing would be given out
for publication for several days at least.
Whatever the situation actually is,
close followers of the game are certain
that the former heavyweight champion
again will don the gloves and do what
he can to restore public interest in the
caulifiower industry and, it may be
added, increase his bank roll by half q
million or more.
They believe Dempsey probably will
return to the ring at one of New York s
ball parks next Summer, possibly
against Pauline Uzcudun, one of those
willing mixers Jack likes to fight
Yellow base balls are being tried out
by many American professional teams.
The idea Is better visibility.
Evening star., 1928-11-14
RUTH FEATHERS NEST
RAISING TRUST FUND

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, November 14.-Babe
Ruth's trust fund has grown by $4,000.
The big sock man of the New York
Yankees came to town yesterday, visited
his bank and deposited enough cash to
increase his trust fund to grand total
of $130,000. The Babe started the fund
after his disastrous season of 1925, ar
ranging the investment so that he could
not touch the principal. The fund now
assures the Babe yearly income of
$4,000 or thereabouts.
Practically all of the principal has
come from what Ruth terms com
mercial by-products" such as barn
storming trips, vaudeville, the movies
and advertising.