davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31
New Flood Threatens

SACRAMENTO, Cal, March 3d.
A threatened break of the levee at
Nicolaus, rs miles north of here, was
the most serious aspect of the flood
situation remaining in northern Cali
fornia today. Engineers said the
levee could not withstand the pres
sure of the flood waters.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31
SUBWAY, union
HEADS IN PACT
IN QUAKER CITY
Mahon, Mitten Make
5000" Scheme
(By a Worker C0rresp0ndent.)

PHILADELPHIA, Pa, (By MaiD
Am event of the utmost Importance
to the transportation workers on the
subway, elevated and trolley lines Of
New York City occurred in this city
recently.
Mahon and Mitten.
| An agreement was made between
the Mitten management and .. l..
Mahon. the son of w. D. Mahon, presi-
dent of the Amalgamated Association
of Street and Railway Employees OF
America, providing for the worst KIND
Of class collaboration. The capitalist
press of this city writes in great glee
of this agreement as "the most
extraordinary development in the long
history of the labor movement"
Under the agreement "fifty-fifty"
form of cooperation is to be applied
between Mitten Management and the
national union on properties to be ac-
ouired or operated in the future by
the notorious union smasher' Ihomas
E. Mitten.
w. J. Lauck, alleged friend of labor
was the individual who brought the
Mittens, Thos E. and his SON. A a.
and the Mahons, veterans mlsiea iers
of labor. together. In as much as II
IS expected that Mitten will soon be
called to New York to take charge OF
the marlborough Rapid Transit the
workers on these lines should mn
mediately organize to thwart these
schemes of class collaboration
street Men" Spies.
Otherwise they will soon find con-
ditions prevailing such as are now IN
existence in philadelphia and buffalo'
In philadelphia a speed-up system
,,.ova;ls and an army of spies, known
as "street men," watch the motor
men and conductors every minute;
On every possible pretext, the nara
worked operators are fined, suspended
or fired.
In Philadelphia they are given runs
and are expected to make SO many
trims a day regardless Of clrcum-
stances. If they should be one minute
late or one minute fast at, let US
saw Seventh Street, man stationed
bv the company on the corner reports
to the company offices, and the
motorman is suspended for one or
two days.
Under the agreement signed by
Mitten and Mahon, all existing "Men
and Management Arrangements are
specifically excepted. This applies to
Philadelphia and Buffalo.
The "Fifty-Fifty" Farce.
However the new agreement pro-
vides for what is known as the Fifty
fifty" plan of cooperation between
4 the union and the management. ~
In reality this means that the
management has everything its own
way and the union eventually losses
all significance, finally becoming a
tool of the company.
All workers familiar with the de-
plorable conditions on the Phila-
delphia Rapid Transit Co. trolley,
elevated and subway, bus and taxi
cab lines know that under this new
agreement, and the almost certain
coming of Mitten to New York, all
their efforts better conditions among
4 the I. r. T. men will be defeated I'M
less immediate organization of all
In r. T. men is effected at once.
&C.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31
INCOME TAX FALLS.

WASHINGTON, March 30.-In-
come tax collections for the first %
days of March totalled $5O2,O00,000,
the treasury reported today, which is
100000 less than was collected
during. the same period last year.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31
A PILLAR OF THE CHURCH.

FALL RIVER, March 3O.-Guy
Willis Holmes, unfrocked minister
and former pastor of New Bedford,
prepared yesterday to go before the
southern New England Conference of
the Methodist Episcopal Church and
again plead his case.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31
NEW ENDURANCE RECORD.

JACKSONVILLE, Fla, Mar. 3d.
Eddie Stinson and George Haldeman,
flying their huge monoplane, estab-
lished new unofficial worlds en-
durance' flight record record today
when they remained aloft for more
than So hours and % minutes.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31
LEWIS SMASHED TRISTATE MINI

SPRINGFIELD, H., (By MaiD During the war
tme 1917 and 1918, the coal miners got promises of
liberty and loyalty talk etc, in order to get him to Join
the big army and be good American citizen.
We were told we should have dollar days and keep
John L. Lewis and the leaders of the United Mine Work
ers in power Now starving strike. There is
10 more talk of 'Giberty for the miners. There is
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31
2RS. SMASH LEWIS. is PLEA OF STRIKER NV

izng for labor in Pennsylvania and in Dallas
Texas. And say that John L. Lewis is archtraitor.
He broke the power of the tristate miners of Iowa,
Missouri and Kansas and helped organize the company
union there for the bosses.
We never succeed until we get wise and throw
out that arch enemy of union, that false leader,
John l.. Lewis. ID, MISSOURI MINER
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31

The capitalists never give a cent to the workers
The capitalists produce nothing and get big profit
on it.
Lewis the leader of the United Mine Workers. has
helped lockout 1000 coal miners to teach them
Characterization" and patriotism"
We must fight against and organize against rotten
leaders like Lewis. have been in Jail twice. for organ
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-03-31

Dread, no COtheS work.
John l. Lewis urged the miners to join the army
and go to the Samuel GOmpers urged the workers
to join the army and go to the They all urged
to buy savings stamps and liberty bonds and
country "This is free country" they said, "yOu
must go to the You must whip the Germans. You
workers must give your lives for your country"
Evening star., 1928-04-08
Machine as Job Killer Rouses Fear
And Hope in Minds of Labor Experts

ties encountered by some concerns in
1925 revealed as the chief obstacle i'm
pairing the prosperity Of 81 per cent of
them the greatly intensified scompet!-
ton" OF this 81 per cent. 70 per cent
reported they were trying 10 remedy
their ailment by reducing production
cost Only 70 per cent reported they
were trying 10 cut sales expenses
According 20 DR.. Klein, whose ONCE
Is always bIlging with statistics, wastes
in domestic selling are estimated "a
exceed by from 20 10 30 per cent the
Nations entire export trade Of SIS 900
600 900 II men have lost out by COM
petina with machines and machine
methods IN production. more men are
due 10 lose out when The machine
method and waste eliminating processes
strike the system Of distribution
One may take his choice Of tbs
alternatives presented by Secretary
Davis and by DR. Klein On the ons
hand, salvation lies in the creation 0i
new industries the birth OF new wants
On the other, after temporary period
marking the course Of rendjnsLment
elimination ot waste. new methods 0l
production and distribution. will auto
rnslicsljy rebound 10 the benefit OF ths
Nation. including the unemployed.
Both win occur. New industries af'
being born every dss 10 take care d
new wants. hEY methods are TeDlae
ing old methods ali the time, Some
/ body Is getting lost IN the shuttle
/ and somebody always wiz.
Evening star., 1928-04-08
LEONARDO DA WINCH AND THE
RENAISSANCE OF SCIENCE.

~ the mishegotten change
A6l lings who call themselves
men and prate intolerably
over dinner tables" said
Robert Louis Stevenson,
II never saw one who seemed worthy
to inspire love--no, nor read OF
any. except Leonardo da Vinci and
perhaps Goethe in his youth" THE
world" said Taine, perhaps offers
no other example of genius SO
universal, so creative. so incapable
of self-contentment. so athirst for
the infinite, so naturally refined, so
far in advance of his and OF subse-
ouent ages" Chamberlain, also with
perhaps, calls leonardo the greatest
creative genius that ever lived"
81 have no notion of truly great
man" wrote CARLYLE, that could not
be all sorts of men" Well, Leonardo
satisfied the definition He vas eminent
and original as musician, painter, Sculp-
tor. etcher. architect anatomist. phys
iologist, physicist. inventor, engineer.
chemist, astronomer, geologist, zoologist,
botaniSt, geographer, mathematician,
PHILOSOPHER. And no mere contributor
or amateur or dilettante. In nearly all
these fields he was practically supreme
In his day so that his age believed
him to be in league with supernatural
powers, SAYS Clutton- Brock: He is
the nearest that any man has ever
come to Aristotle'S Supreme Being.
What more could be said OF a genius
than that he resembles great phil
oSophers conception of the Deity? And
now. having made god OF leonardo,
let us make man OF him, and try to
see him against the vibrant back
ground of his time.
He was born at CASTILLO da Vinci
near Florence. In 1882. He was the
natural son of Piero Antonio da Vinci,
notary to the Florentine Signory TOR
counciD, and man whose optimism
may be Judged from the fact that in
addition to marrying four times he had
leisure for an affair with a peasant
girl. Catalina, who became the mother
of Leonardo. When his first wife died.
Ser Piero took Leonardo into his home,
and brought him up with every educa-
lional opportunity
The first picture We have OF the boy
shows him as apprentice IN the studio
Of the great painter and sculptor Ver-
rocchio VaSari tells how the old mas
Ter permitted his pupil 10 paint one OF
the angels in a picture of the baptism
of Christ. and wished, in despair. to
abandon his own career as an artist
when he saw the perfection of the
Young students work. This placid and
beautiful face. though well rejecting
Leonardois own personal beauty and
gentleness, expressed but one side of his
Infinite nature Another side appears
In the story of the shield which his
father commissioned him to paint for
4 peasant friend. Leonardo. says Va
sari, covered 1t with gypsum and be-
san to consider what he could paint
lpon 1t that would most effectively ter
rify whoever might approach it. For
his purpose he carried into his room,
which no one but himself ever entered.
. number of lizards. hedgehogs. nevis,
Evening star., 1928-04-08

ings surpass most modern WorkS III
these fields. A celebrated surgeon Slr
William Hunter. says: Il am fully per-
suaded that Leonardo was the pest
anatomist of that time"
In physiology he discovered the laws
of combustion and respiration ana an
ticipated by a century Harveys descrlp-
ton of the circulation of the blood. he
was the first to distinguish arterial
from venal blood and to ascribe death
from old age to hardening of the ar
teries. In chemistry he experimental
endlessly with new color combinations,
making darker blacks than ever before:
ne spoiled many of his canvases by
using them as trials of his new colors
and his new oils. In physics he dis
covered the law of acoustics. We are
told that he was always listening. al
ways absorbed In the thousand marvels
of every sense. In mechanics he redis-
covered the lost laws of the lever: he
invented the hydrometer and the hy-
draulic engine. and originated the whole
science OF hydraulics: he designed a
steam driven cannon and engines for
propelling ships and pumping water
with steam; he lEre'. ed machinery for
watermills. made pans for raising
mountains and moving buildings, for
draining marshes and clearing har-
bors. He was himself an industrial
revolution, 800 years ahead of his time.
In geography he made for Caesar
Borgia the best maps that the world
had known till his time, and his de-
tailed representation of scenery formed
almost the beginning OF landscape
drawing In modern art In biology he
was among the first to perceive the
unity OF all life THE limbs of animals
that live upon the EARTH" he writes
resemble one another in bones, sinews
and muscles. and varv onlv in leng'
or thickness" Life Is contained only
in dead matter" he thought. though
we see 1t not" In astronomy he pro-
posed the heliocrentic theory 80 years
before Copernicus. among his notes
We find the quiet but revolutionary re-
mark: THE sun does not move" The
earth. he said is star. like other bodies
in the sky: 1t Is not the center of the
orbit of the sun. but goes around the
sun annually. He studied magnetic
attraction. and the effects of the moon
upon the tides: he was the first to ex-
plain the obscure life of the unillumined
portions of the moon. In geology he was
| the first to state the true nature OF
fossil shells. as the remnants of an
cient life. He argued from the pres
ence of marine shells on high noun
| tains that water had once covered
| Europe. and he concluded. from the
/ absence of such fossils on high pla-
! teaus that there had never been a uni
/ versal flood.
| X
! These are but a few of the achieve
/ ments which lie imbedded now in
/ Iconardo's notes. He never brought
these apercus into order and system
and never published them: partly time
/ failed him in one life: partly, no doubt
because he feared the fate OF heretics
/ The people were angered by his me-
chanical marvels: they thought him q
witch and kept their children from him:
they did not relish his way of explain
ing the miracles of his time. as when
he showed that "a sign in the sky was
merely distant fire They still lived
Continued on Fifth Page)
Evening star., 1928-04-08
Continued from first Page.l

CONTINUED from First Page
Yet these failures have occurred In
period when prosperity seems evident
on every hand How many of these
failures can be attributed 10 the fact
that the old crowd" has not kept IN
step Wath the new crowd''2 How
much has their failure contributed 10
Unemployment as compared 10 the ufl-
employment brought about by the ma
cbjne2 There Is no final answer 10
such questions
Or Klein Of the Department oi Com
Tg9eres and others who see through his
eyes beliese that n1ct 0f the slaek
su our economic machinery can De
traced 10 = distribution system that has
failed 10 keep pace with the progress
Of waste elimination and efficiency III
production Tne efficiency Of AnieTi-
can productive methods has aroused
worldwide anaszement and has wrought
incredible success But there has not
been corresponding improvement IN
methods " distribution
During the changes IN ttle production
end of the economic scheme, there has
been d shift of employment thai IL
csuslng the present discussion. WIN
there be corresponding shift IN en-
fyg0ymenf with resulting AnemDioy-
1nenf when new and efficienL methods
Dee0nse widely adopted IN the disfriDu-
ting end u ths schfne7 The autonlo-
lssie industry turned out nearly 1900
600 units during 1928 witb $4,000 en-
sloyes or an average ot iib units
Der ernDl0ye, ss compared with 10 units
Der employe IN 1929 What viii happen
when the efflcieney ~ automobile pro-
risetgon enters the field ~ sutonobilf
k!etFibutioH7
= survey 81 ~ the cause Of difSe'il"
Evening star., 1928-04-08

serpents, dragon flies, locuSts. bats,
glow-worms and every sort Of strange
animal of similar kinds that he could
lay his hands on From this assem-
blage he formed hideous and appali-
ing monster. In such sort that the re-
suit was a most fearful creature. Al
this he labored until the odorS arising
from all these dead animals filled the
room with mortal fetor. to which the
zeal of Leonardo and the love which
he bore to art rendered him insensible
or indifferent" When the shield was
finished. Leonardo placed 1t so that its
horrifying front would directly face the
door. Then. leaving his room IN dim
light, he went to fetch his father. ser
Piero. opening the door, found himself
confronted by Leonardo's monster. He
turned back in fright, while young
Leonardo laughed happily. The
shield" said the artist, will serve the
purpose r which it has been made.
Take II. therefore. for this Is the effect
which 1t was designed to produce" Ser
Piero secretly bought the peasant an
other shield, and sold Leonardos Tor
hundred ducats.
&& II.
The lad so absorbed himself In art
and science that he seems to have had
no time for love. 1t is the belief OF
his biographers that he remained cell
bate TO the end. He seems to have
sought In friendship the romance which
Is usually found in love, and his pas
sionate attachments to some OF MS
pupils aroused unfavorable comment
among his contemporaries.
Meanwhile he was developing that
remarkable variety of accomplishments
which makes HIM stand out as the full
est human being that ever lived. We
get glimpse Of his many-sidedness In
a letter which he wrote. about 1883.
to Duke Ludovico of Milan. The Duke
Evening star., 1928-04-08

had asked Lorenzo de Medici to recon-
mend an artist for him. Lorenzo had
suggested Leonardo, and the Duke had
written to the artist asking him 10
specify what he could do. The strange
reuly details Leonardos ability as an
inventor and military engineer: pro-
poses TO make tanks. smoke-bombs ana
other delicacIes, and then adds: IN
times of peace" (should such an emer-
pencv arise) L believe / could equal
anv other man in architecture.
Furthermore, I can execute works IN
sculpture, of mable. bronze or terra
Gotta. In painting also I can do what
NAV be done as we'll as any other, De
he who he may" And then he adds.
with delightful naivete. Commencing
myself to you with all possible hu-
miItty ."
So In 1888 he went to Milan. where
the Duke welcomed him. not so much
for his ability as an engineer and artist,
as for his skill in music. He sang TO
the lutte most divinely." says Vasari.
"improvising at once both the verse
and the music" on a lutte OF his own in
vention. He found that he could bet
ter please his patron by devising and
organizing fetes and pageants and plays
than by painting for him or making
statuary,
But when he was left free he hid
himself in his complex, where novel
machines and strange animals were
mingled with pictures and marbles. He
loved to dissect. despite the opposition
OF the church and the common people
to this new practice. and soon equaled
the Della Tore In anatomy He COM
posed a book of anatomical plates IN
colors. describing every part OF the
body: ne wrote extensively on the anat-
omy of the horse whose proud splendor
attracted him always, and his engrav-
Evening star., 1928-04-08

~ EcENTLY ! was invited
- TO spend an evening with
good woman.
a y She is active in at
least II different causes, and
each ons has a sure formula for
making the world right tomor'
row. She kept asking me II !
had read this. and II ! agreed
with the new theory OF Prot.
Whosit. and why didn't write
something that would make
Congress pass . law.
AZ I walked home. feeling old
and exhausted, I recalled crate
fully the most rsstfui hour IN
my recent experience. 1t was
at the White House bstwssn the
hours OF 4 and 5 one afternoon.
The President was in his ohies
alone, and he invited me to sit
and talk. II WAS wonderful, IN
this rushing world, TO have
real old. fashioned visit with the
oniN AmeFiShH WI" @PFe'N't
10 under no pressure and has no
serious problems on his mind.
John Adams was a very con-
actsntious GOOD man. He com
plninad that, while he was
"active and alert in every branch
OF business, both in the Houss
and on committees, constantly
proposing measures, supporting
some and opposing others. dis
eusslns and arguing on eveFy
question Benjamin franklin
wms TO be aesn "fron day TO day,
sItiing In silsnes, q great part
OF his time asleep in HE chair"
"vst," says the hiearanhsr,
"Franklin was appolntsd en-
irnnsfi
Evening star., 1928-04-08
Ruins of Old Mexican Tribal Homes
Lure Archeologists to Further Work

building from an architectural point
Of view shows that IL was once an open
arched structure. which was probably
not closed up and incorporated With
the rest of the church until more than
a century later. after the tradition OF
the last lord Of TiZatlan no longer
needed such great respect.
Inside this ancient "palacoi." the
walls are covered with many paintings
which show signs of great age and
many retouchingS. The most interest
ing painting Of all 20 historians and
arChcologiStS Is the picture of the
baptism Of the first Indians in America,
the four senators" Of the divisions Of
the Tlaxcalan republic. The natives
with their feather headdreSSes are
mingled with the soldiers Of the con-
quest An Indian on the canvas In
the act of receiving baptism. IS bent
over a great stone basin which Is an
exact representation Of the one nov
Kept in the old convent Of San Fran
fountain in which the firSt Indians
In tn. new world were baptized.
Mysterious Inscription.
A mysterious inscription in this old
chapel this apparent hybrid Aztec
Christian structure. which has pslExiso
historians and srchealogiStS alike, has
not vet been deciphered.
The out-of-door SuNee between the
church on the east end Of the terrace
and the archaeological ruins on the
vest end Is occupied oy Christian
graveyard and separated al its farther
end by q broken stone wall nom the
heathen Aztec ruins with their bloody
altarS Near this wall. IN n great stone
block, stands a carved stone cross bear
ing human head and other symbols
which show beyond doubt by their style
that II was made hy aa indian, II Is
believed possible that this may oe the
first Christian cr0SS made in the New
World. perhaps IN replace tSs w'scaSn
one brought by CorteS fcOna Cupa. And
which now stands III The conVeht 1
san Francisco in TlaScala, some miles
away.
This convent Of san Francisco has ~
the present day been conceded 20 oe toe
eldest Christian church ON the Amsri-
can continent, but since the examination
Of the forgotten site On the cerro of
Tixatlan, it is thought probable that
this hyorld hcathen-CariStian chapel
the old ''palaeio" OF NicoJencatl. per-
hapS, Is really the fsrst Christian church
in the New World
Evening star., 1928-04-08

Continued from First rage,l
was outlined to Congress IN his message
transmitting the s&dwtn plan, Here
Ii Is,
THE total cost Of the recommended
project tthe Jadwln planA lS S29e.-
100000 distributed over period Of 10
years This large sum Is mantteStly
Justified by the necessities Of ths silt
natton and the benefits that VII le~
suit, The Federal Treasury should
bear the portion oi the cost 81 ts,gs.
neering structures for flood eontrsal lltat
Is 1uStltied by the national aspects II
the problem and The national heasists
II may even hear 80 per cent Of Sleh
costs, but substantial local eo~opea alNen
Is necessary to avoid waste"
Developments OF the past few DAYS
would seem 10 mdlesss Mat President