davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1928-12-09

he intends to rely upon airplanes Tor
dashes across the polar wastes.
Byrd is fine commander and
splendid flyer as well. His ambitious
program has been particularly inter-
eSting to me because the success OF MS
expedition would mean the realization
of an achievement Of which I have
held the airplane capable for years.
Prophecy Futility Seen.
'Tt is easy to talk of flying across
the North and South Poles with an
airplane today, in this day when the
public is trained to expect almost any
thing from the airplane, but when VIII
bur and 1 first discussed these possibi-
tiles and cherished such hopes for the
machine we perfected, it would have
been folly to make such an utterance
in public.
1--WE we're generally considered as
some kind of lunatics, peaceful. but
potentially dangerous, and were the
brunt of many a jokeSter's fun. Even
while we were making preparation for
our first flight at Kitty Hawk, people
would watch us put handkerchiefs in
the wind for tests-and invariably
thought us crazy if they were kind
enough not to express themselves audi
bly,. Youthful America today, intent
upon discussing feats of the air as
casual happenings, cannot realize the
laughs their fathers enjoyed during
our early efforts"
Evening star., 1928-12-09
LUXURIOUS CHAIRS
PLACED IN PLANES
Aeronautic Exposition Reveals
Auto Industry's Influence on
Air Lines Styles.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, December S.-The In
nuence of the automobile industry upon
styles for commercial airplanes was
marked at the International Aeronautic
Exposition here.
The wide range in sizes and types Of
commercial airplanes on display at the
show indicates decided trend toward
the satisfaction of the same tastes that
designers in the motor industry have
recognized as important in developing
a popular model.
Luxuriously upholstered chairs and
lounges have replaced the plain, un-
comfortable wooden seats which car
ried the commercial pilot and his pas
SengerS In past years. The common
brown and dark blue colors of yester-
years planes have been supplanted by
brilliant two or three tone color schemes
Of the present day automobile.
Sterling silver and brightly polished
nickel fittings fashioned after the fix
lures of fine limousine have been in
cluded In the trappings of the 40 or
more different cabin plane models pre-
pared by manufacturers for exhibition
at the show. Dome and side lights have
taken their place in the cabins, and
many Of the planes are fitted for night
flying with landing and running lights.
Evening star., 1928-12-09
RECORD FOR CHRISTMAS
AIR MAIL is EXPECTED
Western End of Transcon tinenta1
Line Prepares to Handle
6SO,OOo Pieces Daily.

The Nations air mail lines are pre-
pairing to handle a record volume of
Christmas air mail business. On many
lines reserve planes are being made
ready for emergency service 1t is ex-
pected that the Christmas air mail loads
this month may exceed those of last
year by as much as 300 per cent.
On the Western half of the trans
continental line IL Douglas mail planes,
carrying 900 pounds each, and two
t1f-motored Fokkers, carrying 1900
pounds each, are ready for daily service
They will have daily capacity of $780,
900 pieces of mail, though the peak load
is not expected to exceed 200 900 pieces
The Post once Department expects
to do a large business in handling
Christmas greeting cards by air mail
the new scent rate having gone into ef-
feet on such mail last Christmas.
Evening star., 1928-12-09
AERONAUTICS PARLEY LISTS
FILM EXHIBIT OF NOTED HOPS

One of the most interesting features
of the First International Civil Aero
nautics Conference from the standpoint
of the layman win be the night session
Thursday night in the Washington Au-
ditorium, which is to be devoted to
pioneering flights.
Motion pictures brought here from a
score of foreign nations by oficial
delegates and others, from the American
governmental archives and the Ii
braries of the leading newsreel organi-
Eations, showing famous historical
events in aeronautics, will be shown.
Many Of the men who actually took
part in pioneer flights will be present
and a number Of them will be asked to
recount their experiences in opening up
the science of flying. These famous
air pioneers are to be grouped together
on the stage.
Among the unique motion picture
records Of early flights which will be
shown is film made during the first
international aviation meet, held at
Rheims, France, in 1909, where Glenn
Curtis won the grand prize with his
famous bamboo arplane and Paulhan,
increased Bleriot's distance record from
81 miles to a. Only one in 10
planes entered in the meet were able
to leave the ground at all and few were
able to remain up more than a few
minutes.
Bleriot had just startled the world by
Evening star., 1928-12-09
j. S.-WEST INDIES
LINE TO OPEN SOON
Big Planes to Operate Be-
tween Islands and Florida
on Schedule.
BY thu Associated Press.


MIAMI. Fla, December 8.-The United
States and the West Indies will be link
ed by regular air passenger service jan
uary 8, when 10 giant air transports
are put into operation between Miami,
Havana, Nassau and San Juan.
The first of the fleet of 10 Fokker
planes, christened the Christopher Co
lumbus by Mrs. Calvin Coolidge in
Washington, is scheduled to arrive here
soon for final survey trip over the
new route.
The huge planes are equipped with
de luxe passenger cabins designed to
seat from IL to IA persons and are
powered by three 425-horsepower mo-
tors. Furnished as lounge cabins,
the planes have full-vision windows,
buffet service, complete lavatory facil-
tiles, running water and special COM
partments for luggage and air mail.
The Pan-American Always, operator
of the new line, is rushing work on a
100000 air-paSSenger terminal here
which has incorporated all the facilities
of large rail stations in its plans. The
new station has accommodations for
passengers, offices for immigration and
customs officials, post Office, restaurant,
lounge rooms and an observatory
Passengers will board or alight from
the air liners on canopied runways lead
ing directly to the main waiting room
of the terminal. According to present
plans, passengers bound for Havana,
Nassau or the West Indies will be met at
incoming trains from the North and
West with private motor cars and trans
ported to waiting planes at the air.
port.
The Havana Air Limited" the plane
scheduled to leave at 8 o'clock each
morning, will make direct connections
with the palmetto Limited" and "Ha-
vana Special from New York, Phila-
delphia and Washington. The next
plane, to be known as the Havana Air
Express" will leave at 9:15 o'clock each
morning, carrying passengers coming in
from ST. Louis on the "Flamingo" and
from Chicago on the Dixie Limited"
and "Floridian."
The West Indies Air Limited" will
make three trips a week over a section
of the route which Col. Charles A. Lind
berg mapped out after his Latin Ameri-
can tour. The air route will make di-
rect connections with all trains for
through service to San Juan by way of
Havana, Camaguey, Santiago Port au
Prince and Santo Domingo City.
The Nassau Air Limited" operating
from Miami to Nassau. British resort in
the Bahamas, will also make three trips
each week. Amphibian planes will be
used on this section of the route because
of the longer over-water hop
The Pan-American Airways' officials
announce this service as the first link
in a projected route that will encircle
Central and South America, making
possible trip from Miami around the
| southern end of South America in three
WeekA
Evening star., 1928-12-09

flying across the English Channel
opening the eyes of the public to the
potentialities of aviation, and the Rheims
meet created worldwide interest. There
were about 100 airplanes entered, that
Of CurtiSS being the only one from the
United States.
The planes took OF up a little slope
about $500 feet long, and those that
succeeded in getting into the air had
to make a left turn about two miles
farther on. There most of them came
to grief. An ambulance corps was kept
at the turning point and the surgeons
and nurses always were surprised when
q plane succeeded in making the turn
and flying on. with an ambulance in hot
pursuit below.
All the planes few slowly and were
unable to attain an altitude of more
than few feet. They all were erratic
and wabbled perilouSly. Paulhan, the
most fortunate of them all, kept his
plane in the air until he had run out
of gasoline. after flying "a miles. Many
times his plane almost fell, but he sue
ceeded in regaining control, often
within a few feet Of the ground. All
the flyers entered expected to fall
some time during the meet and those
who did not were probably more sur
prised than the spectators. The flyers
waited on the wind and nobody would
attempt flight when the flags on the
poles moved at all
Evening star., 1928-12-09
WRIGHT FORESAW
POLAR FLIGHT ERA
Co-Inventor of Plane PecuI.
iarIy Interested in Present
Aerial Adventures.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated PreSS.
DAYTON, Ohio, December Fired
with enthusiasm for the adventurous
life of a polar explorer as a boy, Or
Vile Wright has taken a deep interest
in the explorations of the Arctic and
Antarctic by airplane, a means of
transportation which he and his late
brother, Wilbur, gave the world 25 years
ago.
THE real hero of my boyhood, who
has always held cherished place In
my memory, was De Long, an Arctic
explorer, who is perhaps little remem-
bered today" Mr. Wright says. Il read
his diary with feverlSh enthusiasm
when 1 was boy of 10, and l have not
yet forgotten his kind, COURAGEOUS, az
venturous personality, facing certain
death, as the diary progressively relates,
but facing death bravely.
Foresaw Polar Flights.
after Wilbur and I were successful
in our attempts to fly at Kitty Hawk,
in 1908. I often allowed my inlaglna-
ton to wander on the possibilities OF
polar exploration with an airplane. I
delved into the records of other Arctic
explorations, and felt certain, as the
airplane continued to develop its poten-
tialities, that the North and South
Poles would be reached first by air
plane.
1T was really a considerable disap-
pointment to me when the airplane
failed to claim the honor of reaching
the poles first. 1t was a worse blow
when the dirigible even preceded the
airplane. I had little faith in the abil-
ity of the dirigible to be an aid to polar
exploration, and felt that the airplane
held all the advantages for such an
adventure
Mr.. Wright watched with unusual
interest the extensive preparations of
Comdr Richard E. Byrd for his $780,
900 expedition to the Antarctic, where
Evening star., 1928-12-09
Seaplane Service Planned.

Establishment OF seaplane service
between Queenstown and northern Eu-
rope by way of Dublin, Liverpool, Hull
and Hamburg is being planned, accord
ing TO word received here by the Depart
ment of Commerce. The service con-
templated would require fleet of three
motored flying boats, each with capac-
ity of 20 passengers, luggage and mail,
each costing nearly $4,000. The dis
tance to be covered is approximately
500 miles.
Evening star., 1928-12-09

ground and on others it may repre-
sent 20.
The maps are then folded in strips
about inches in width with the route
to be followed in the center. These
strips are arranged in accordion folds
so that 1t is only necessary to turn one
of the folds in following the route.
When finished we have map OF eacn
State passed over, arranged in con-
venient form with the route and dis
tanceS marked.
AS matter of precaution we will
mark the position of some airport be-
tween our stopping points, in case
strong head wind is encountered and
the fuel reserve becomes insufficient.
One is found just north of the route
at McKeesport, Pa, and another little
north of Terre Haute, Ind. The most
difficult part Is to find the compass
course to follow at the start.
Compass and Landmarks.
A compass is subject to a number Of
errors which can be compensated for,
but which we will not take into con-
sideration here. Consequently we will
start with compass which may be
pointing number of degrees off true
north. Twenty miles out our route
passes over downtown New York. so
after taking off the plane is headed in
this direction and the course indicated
by the compass is noted. This course
is held until downtown New York is
passed.
If we are approximately above, the
compass course Is correct and should be
continued If to one side, the course
nIz Il t1< oh Fnxx {rN ~
der to bring the plane back onto the
route gradually. Unless the error is
great a change of five or ten degrees
will be sufficient Five miles further on
we should be over the north end of New
York Bay and crossing two railroads.
We pass just south of Newark and over
several railroads, each of which should
be checked on the map. Forty miles
out our course strikes the Delaware,
Lackawana & Western and parallels
the roadbed for several miles.
At so miles we cross the Central OF
New Jersey where it takes a sharp bend
northward At 81 the forks of river
At 10 the Lehigh Valley and again al
rs. At 81 miles the Delaware River is
crossed, giving perfect check on our
ground speed and an indication of the
time required to reach Columbus il
weather conditions remain constant.
If it has required an hour to reach
the Delaware our ground speed is only
80 miles, and with six hours of gasoline
we will not be able to reach Columbus
and will be required to stop at Nc
Keesport to refuel. If, however, we
passed the river in SO minutes or less,
we will probably arrive at Columbus
with safe reserve.
Every object indicated on the map
should be checked as it is passed and
Evening star., 1928-12-09
HONOR TO WR|GHTS
PAID NEXT WEEK
World AeronauticaI Leaders
to Dedicate Two Monuments
in North Carolina.

The world will celebrate the twenty
NTH anniversary of the first airplane
flight week from tomorrow.
Headed by Orville Wright, the first
man to pilot a power driven airplane
on successful fight, the worlds aero
nautical leaders, including more than
200 delegates from so nations, will
make a pilgrimage to the Kill Devil
Hills, near Kitty Hawk, N. c., where on
December II, 1908. Orville Wright at
the controls of the ancestor of all air
planes, flew for IL seconds, opening a
new era for the human race.
Two monuments will be dedicated on
the North Carolina sand dunes week
from tomorrow. one marking the spot
from which the first flight in history
was started, and the other, on Kill
Devil Hill. a memorial to the Wright
brothers and to the other air pioneers
of all lands.
The pilgrimage will be made from
this city, following the Civil Aeronau-
tics Conference. and will bring to an
official close one Of the most important
weeks in the history of commercial
aviation. The delegates to the confer
ence will be the official guests of the
United States Government on the trip
to Kitty Hawk.
tlSAt Langley Flel0.
The party will leave this city by
steamer Saturday evening and will go
ashore at Old Point Comfort Sunday
morning. Sunday afternoon the party
will visit the laboratory of the National
Advisory Committee for Aeronautics at
Langley Field, Hampton. Va, where the
largest wind-tunnel in the world is To-
Gated
On Monday morning, December II,
the party will go by steamer to Nor
folk and then by bus to Kitty Hawk,
where an oyster roast and barbecue
will be held at noon. The party will
be the guests of the Kill Devil Hills
Memorial Association.
Following the meal the party will go
by automobile to Kill Devil Hill, the
scene of the early experiments of the
Wright brothers, and at lis pm. the
being erected by the United States
Government will be laid on the top of
Kill Devil HILL
Scene of First Flight.
Then the National Aeronautic Asso-
citation memorial, on the scene of the
first flight, will be unveiled by Senator
Hiram Bingham Of Connecticut, presi-
dent of the association, with appro-
pirate ceremonies.
The return to Washington will be
made by automobile and steamer, the
party arriving here at am. Tuesday,
December 10.
In addition to the conference dele
gates, it IS expected that a number of
unofficial representatives of the for
eign commercial aeronauticS industry
and private aeronautical organizations
and a number of leaders of aeronausics
in this country will make the trip. Ep-
plicationS for the trip are being re-
ceived by j. F. Victory, chairman of
the Kitty Hawk committee of the In
ternational Civil Aeronautics Confer
ence, at the conference headquarters in
the building of the United States
Chamber of Commerce.
Evening star., 1928-12-09
II COMMUNITIES VOTE
8,50O,OOO FOR AIRPORTS
Plane Landing Fields Take Place
Among Standard Public
Utilities.

The airport has taken its place
among the standard public utilities as
result of the voting of nearly $780,
900 for airports by II cities or counties
at the national elections last month, ac-
cording to a survey recently completed
During the past year appropriations
or bond issues have made available
more than $21, ,000,0 for creation Of
airport facilities in towns and cities
throughout the country. Every rank OF
society has been involved in the airport
movement At Columbus. Ohio, organ
lied labor worked as hard for passage
of the airport bond issue as any group
of capitalists.
The status of the airport as a public
utility has been legally established by
the Supreme Court of Missouri, ruling
upon the validity of airport bonds
voted by ST. Louis and Kansas City.
Evening star., 1928-12-09

should map and ground fail to corre-
spond in more than two or three con-
Secutive instances definite check
should be made even though it neceSsi-
tates landing on some farm pasture.
Some of our more progressive cities and
towns have painted their names on the
roofs of conspicuous buildings. thereby
greatly assisting the air traveller.
Department of Commerce regulations
require a minimum altitude of 1000
feet in passing over densely populated
areas. Consequently it is no longer
permissible to seek the name of town
by flying low over the railroad station.
Undoubtedly however, pilot who is
lost in territory without open fields
would use this method as last. re-
Evening star., 1928-12-09
NEW BEACON ERECTED.
Revolving Airplane Signal Light
Used at Langley Field.

A new revolving airplane beacon,
which is visible at distance of so
miles, has been erected at Langley Field.
Hampton. Va, the War Department has
announced. The beacon is designed to
produce from 100000 to 100000
candlepower and Is mounted on top of
a 135-foot water tank. It revolves at
rate Of six revolutions per minute. The
light is so powerful it has become
necessary to notify surface vessels on the
Atlantic Ocean and Chesapeake Bay In
order to prevent confusion.
Evening star., 1928-12-09
Airway Work Progresses.

Construction work on the various
new airways throughout the country is
continuing rapidly, according to field
reports received by the airways section
of the Department of Commerce On
the Miami Atlanta line, which will be
an extension Of the line from New York
south through this city, the towers and
beacons have been ordered shipped for
immediate installation on the Jackson
vile Atlanta section.
Evening star., 1928-12-09

sort. 1t is simple and inexpensive to
paint the name of a town on the top
of some roof. and in the present day
of aeronautical development every viii
lage in the United States should be
plainly marked.
Although long professional training
is unnecessary, the impression should
not be gained from this article that
even short cross-country flights are to
be undertaken by pilot who has not
had reasonable amount of airport
training.
Copyright, 1899
An article by Colonel Lindbergh on the
present and future of aviation will appear
each week, exclusively in Washington, in
Thn Sunday Star.
Evening star., 1928-12-09
FORM 81 PLANE CLUBS.

A total of 81 light airplane clubs
have been organized in Canada in the
past IL months, or are in the process
OF formation, according to report re-
ceived here by the Department of Com
merce. The Canadian government has
allotted Is planes for the use of these
clubs. The first of these clubs was
organized September /, 1927, and it Is
predicted that next year there win be
so clubs operating.
The clubs have flying membership
of ITS and large non-flying member
ship from which vacancies in the flying
membership are filed. It is estimated
that the average cost of learning to
fly Is little more than 5000 per mem
ber
Evening star., 1928-12-09
Planes Link Milan and Berlin.

Temporary airplane service from
Milan Italy, to Berlin was maintained
by the Aero Club of Milan and the Avio
Linee Italiane during the recent inter
national aeronautic exposition in Ber-
lin. The planes used were a Fokker F.
VII and a Caproni cabin pane.
Evening star., 1928-12-09
Service Is Speaded Un.

Due to the increasing use by passen-
gers of the Madrid-Seville air service,
flights have been increased from twice
q week to every other day. The time Of
departure from Madrid has been ad-
vanced so that passengers may arrive in
Seville in time to do business before the
bank closing time
Evening star., 1928-12-09
JAPAN HAS AIR FIRM.
First Plane Transport Company
Aided by Subsidy.

A Japanese air transport company,
with a capitalization of $4,5oo,OOO, has
been established and is the first firm in
Japan to engage in the air trafic busi-
ness on large scale, according to ad-
vices to the Department of Commerce.
The company was established as a
result Of the approval by the Imperial
Diet of an 11-year subsidy totaling
nearly $9,0o0.0 900. 1t is not likely that
regular services will be in operation be-
fore the close of the coming fiscal year.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1928-10-19
PLENTYWOOD BAND
SPONSORS CONCERT
Brownies Metropolitan Jubilee Sing
ers Will Give Program at Farmer
Labor Temple Friday Evening, DC
tOber 26th.

The Plentywood Band is giving an
other one of a series of high class en-
tertainments at the Farmer Labor
Temule in this city, when the
Brownies Metropolitan Jubilee Sing
ers will appear Friday evening, oc-
tober 26th.
The Colt Alber Chautauqua Bureau
of Chicago, ILL.,, has the following TO
saw of this famous concert company;
"Our investigation of this Com
panv's service proved they are doing
lust what the Committees so otten
contract for, and seldom receive
Their contribution of Negro Melodies
and Negro Folklore is In every
way commendable. Moreover they &c
the things they attempt extraordln,
arilv well. IN fact this Company
stands at the head of similar organiII
cations, with a programme that WI "
delight their listeners without ran;
Brownies Metropolitan Jupiie,,
Singers come to Plentywood VIII
verv high recommendations and tn'
general public is invited by the loca
band to attend and enjoy the evenlns
and also help their musical organizsa 1ss,
tion which will in turn repay LII I
citizens of Plentywood and surrounu
ing territory with their music ouii"'
the summer months.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1928-10-19
WHO RAISED MOST
WHEAT PER ACRE?
Controversy on Between J. C. Hag-
lund of Cut Bank and George MIL
dlemas of Helena.

Helena, Oct. 49, Two Montana
wheat growers have claimed the
world record on wheat yield per acre
during the past week when j. C. Hag-
lund of Cut Bank threshed $500
bushels from 40 acres with an aver
age yield of 70 bushels per acre and
George MiddlemaS of the Helena val
ley threshed 420 bushels from 51a
acres with an average yield per acre
of 1873 bushels.
There is still some uncertainty as
to whether the Middlemas yield ex-
ceeds that Of Haglund, since the fild
threshed by Mr.. Middlemas is report
ed to be between five and six acres
IL the Held Is six acres, the Mid
dlemas yield would just equal that of
Mr.. Haglund.
Mr.. .Haglund's wheat was a a var
iety known as Supreme while that of
Mr.. Middlemas was Club wheat. AS
between the two yields, in the event
of tie state department officials
would be inclined to concede the Cut
Bank man the laurels for the reason
that the acreage used to determine
his average was more than seven
times larger than that used by the
Helena man.
The question of what has been the
largest yield per acre of wheat in
Montana would soon bring forth a
host of claimants for first honors, ac-
Continued on page Eighty