davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

pital Service that was the sole func-
ton it was authorized to perform.
A modest tax of 20 cents a month
was deducted from the wages OF Ameri-
can seamen TO help pay for this medical
service. Port customs officers collected
the stipend and deposited it with the
United States Treasury. AS the doc
tors banker, the Treasury Department
soon became the doctors big boss. and
that explains the strange, modern
anomaly of having the Public Health
Service an integral part of Uncle Sans
Treasury. The relation seems TO nave
been satisfactory all these years and
it probably will be continued.
Marine hospitals soon sprang up all
over the country, the first one at Nor
folk. in 1900, and others along the At
lantic seaboard, the Mississippi and
Ohio Rivers. During early epidemlcs.
the President gave the Health Service
special authority to aid local health
authorities In control and relief meas
ures. Marine hospitals were used by
the South and the North during the
Civil War.
EXTENDING the jurisdiction OF the
Health Service. Congress soon au-
thorized it to impose guarantees to
prevent entry of disease through mari
time ports. II was not until 1890 that
authority was expressly given to I'M
pose interstate guarantees to prevent
the spread Of cholera. yellow fever,
smallpox and plague.
Three years later Congress gave the
Health Service carte blanche TO impose
national or interstate guarantees on
s.4fa nd n n dfgnl
In 1880 Congress decreed that the
rules of military discipline should APP
ply IN the Health Service and Its OFF,
GERS were accorded commissions similar
In rank to those held by the medical
staff Of the Army.
The ever widening influence Of the
Health Service leaped a great gap In
1902 when the hygienic laboratory was
set up In Washington, where II
focuses all the research activities OF
the bureau and brings together stati
Of scientists who enlist the respect OF
the medical profession.
The service administers its business
through seven divisions each headed
by an assistant surgeon general. Surg
Gen II, &. Cumming presides. The
divisions and their respective chiefs
are Scientific research. DR.. A. M
3tins0n, foreign and insular quaran-
tine and immigration. DR. r, A. Car
melia, marine hospitals and relief, Dr.
T.. G. Smith. personnel and accounts
Or. C. G.. Pierce, domestic tintefstatel
quarantine. Or. w T., Draper; venerehl
| diseases, Or Thomas PsIran, lf.; sarli-
| tary reports and statistics, DR.. H. G
| Williams.
Policing the Nations health lanes I'M
poses greater responsibility than
| establishing guarantees and reStric-
! tiOns Diseases of such strange nature
afiiIci the Republic that their btudy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

pitfalls from having contracted the dis
ease they fought.
When undulant, or Malta fever, was
discovered In the Capital by Col
Charles +. Craig. Army Medical Corps
In 1905 the medical profession became
deeply concerned over this disease. II
was thought for long time that It
was confined only to the island or
Malta In the Mediterranean Sea, and
neighboring countries. With evidence
that the malady had already gained
access To this country. Army medical
officers practicing near the Mexican
border where goats are raised. found
ample evidence that Malta fever was
fairly common I'm this country. DR., c..
&. Lake of the Health Service found
35 cases concentrated near Phoenix,
Ariz. The infections were traceable to
goats milk,
In 1918 Miss Alice c. Evans, Govern
ment bacteriologist. observed close
relation between the Malta disease
germ and that which causes contagious
abortion in cattle, Why hadn't these
resemblances been noted beforeP II
seems that name had blinded bac-
teriologistS In recognizing the similarity,
II happens that bacteria, like people.
have two names. and the early scien-
lists were befuddled by the character
lstics ascrlbed TO two species. which In
reality had many things in common.
II Is as If twin brothers had been
adopted and named by different fami-
lies and for 20 years no one had noted
resemhlanceS in the two, because they
were seen &C different times and In
different places,
Having put this feather In her hat,
Miss Evans bided her time, to hear
what the world at large had to say,
soon, from Germany, Austria, Africa.
Italy and Egypt adviceS filtered In to
the effect that the two diseases are
alike IN appearance, behavior and cap
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

requires the physical presence OF in
VeStigators.
In 1892 the Kentucky State Board
OF Health asked for assistance In Tight
Ing trachoma, an eye disease that,
peculiarly enough, affiicts native white
settlers and Indians In the Western
States Kentucky's mountain popula-
ton suffered intensely from the ravages
Of trachoma, and physicians there were
as blind to It's control and treatment
as were the afflicted people
Came DR.. John McMullen. a kind,
iovial man, and set up house IN the
heart OF those mountains IN the name
OF the Federal Government. He was
a spy ''revenuer," the word was whis-
pered about. s death for the moon
sinners. DR. McMullen was strange
"revenuer" indeed. He rode a donkey
or In a buggy and din't even pack
pistol The natives watched him from
behind ambush, but he seemed harm
less. He spoke good cheer To every
body Whether such n man deserved
Ambulance TO their ranks was ques-
ton pondered by the mountaineers
many a day
But this big man was irresistible He
didn't pry into folks business like a
real "revenuer," and he didn't put on
any heightened airs. He went about
minding his business, except when he
was IN position To help somebody.
Suspicion gave way to trust. First
II was the children who learned to love
the Government doctor, because he
never spoke a hard word, Indeed i'll
matters Of faith and trust the child Is
true father 10 the man. Then their
friendship turned To love,
Very tactfully DR.. McMullen APP
preached the business at hand Before
the mountaineers would come To him
for treatment and consultation he was
obliged 10 visit them. He liked, mule"
backed and rode the hills by gig untli
The whole countrywide knew him by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

sight. Having their confidence, he set
up a makeshift hospital and extended
invitations to all who were sick or
otherwise heavily laden.
i y
THE little hospital filled with patients,
some blind. others half blind.
Trachoma was blighting the eyesight
of a vast number of people. And what
miracles this lone-handed doctor
wroughtl The cropping blind left his
hands with seeing eyes. The naII onno
had the shadows lifted. DR.. McMullen
was nurse, surgeon, arbitrator and busl-
ness secretary. His appointments and
volume of trade were evidence OF the
esteem in which he was held by the
people. .uu
For IS years, from 1912 to 1925, he
gave himself 10 the task of curing the
eve disease. From all over the State
tiachoma sufferers came and submitted
To his treatment without the least heSl-
tation They needed no assurances or
promises. His fame as a healer hau
travelled the hills and hollows, echoed
and re-echoed. Besides, he would &C"
cept no fees.
Now after DIR. McMullen had demon
strated that trachoma Is durable he
initiated all the country doctors into
his method of treatment, His chiefs IN
Washington had taken notice OF his
work and now wished TO relieve him OF
strenuous duties, Out of DR., McMul~
LENS organization six rural hospitals
sponsored by the Health Service, sprang
up In Missouri, Kentucky. Tennessee
and Arkansas, the headquarters OF
trachoma, Or. McMullen's task Is be-
ing continued by DIR. Paul II, Mossman,
another Government physician.
Another important service to the Ma
ton and medical science Is that given
hV Miss Alice G. Evan and DIR. G, q
Lake. both now convalescing In hos
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

n IsEAsE stalked the canvas
Five hundred thousand peo-
~ pie Of the Mississippi Valley
food area. huddle6 together in
Gefuge camps waited and prayed for
subsistence Of the spreading waters.
Between 100000 lives and 100000
eIFpses stood their family physician,
A4le United States Public Health Sery-
See. The people begged for food food
IN gigantic quantities. food such as they
had eaten in th7ir homes: Juicy beef
steaks, corn mGsh, Sugar-cured ham
end fresh bread.
"Food?" replied Dr. Uncle Sam. 'Ay.
my children, I'm al your service. Your
Hives are on my hands. But transpor-
1stl0n is crippled; can't send enough
corn mush and bcefsteak To go around:
besides beefgteak diet would harm you
now. I'll send you brewers yeast, in
stead"
Did Or. Uncle Sam joke? No sir
He sent the people brewers yeast and
saved their lives.
It's long story ard technical, If you
want 10 know all about 1t. What the
physician for the worlds largest family
feared was that his patients would con-
tract the dreaded disease ''pellagra," q
recently investigated, but nevertheless
ancient. 8courage that could snuff out
the lives Of 100000 people as easily as
81 could one
Now. Or Uncle Sam couldn't have
explained u the people that what they
needed most vas Vitamin PIP, hereto
fore included under the term Vitamin
y But, as in the past they believed
"a their family doctor and got 50 fun Of
E-jemiu PIP that pellagra didn't have
ghost Of chance
How did Or. Uncle Sam know all
this II the disease wa& little known for
zoo years. Few people know IL, but he
mas, overlooking the Potomac River. on
IHenty-fifth and streets northwest, a
ayglenic laboratory III which many
medical problems arc Investigated
Until 1903 the United States was free
from pellagra. 1t was prevalent in Eu-
g0pe before that IL had stricken thou
sands IN the Balkan States, Spain, Italy
and Egypt. When 1t found It's way into
this country the family doctor immedi-
Etely became concerned. Now the dis
eaSe occurs IN every State in the Union
IN 1917 alone there were 1926 600 cases
south Of the OHIO River.
What our family doctor has done t6
combat aud learn about this scourge i,
more than all other agencies combined
Or Joseph Goldberger, d Government
worker found first % all, that peilagrs
NsS caused neither by O germ nor b.
en- infection Faulty diet was the peril
and s4tamin PIP (psllagra preventive L
The secret Of health The study 0
peilagra. like the study Of many dis
eases is an endless process for man, a
ane phase Of research leads the inyesti
tor into r1any oti2cra. YET d. COD
. &eg.e! is not discouraged. lie intends 4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

cover from rabbit fever but there hay,
been fatal eases, too. No record *
known of any one having contracted
the disease from domestic rabbits, those
raised by fancierS. The wild rabbit Is
the principal agent Of transmission.
Among solutions offered for doing
away with rabbit fever is the one that
suggests killing all rabbits IN the coun-
try. But Australian farmers will TESTIFY
70 the utter futility Of doing that. They
are prolific breeders. The simple pre-
yentive against rabbit fever Is to pro-
test the hands with rubber gloves while
handling the animals internal organs
After cooking there need be no fear.
Tularaemia is decidedly an incapaci-
tating disease. and the only treatment
advised is rest in bed and care from
3 physician. II Is very likely that
within few years DR.. Francis and
his collaboratorS in the Hygienic Lab
oratory will offer q serum or curative
vaccine capable Of throwing OF dele
teriouS effects Of the disease.
The Health Services reputation south
of the Mason and Dixon line IS en-
HANGED by the fact that relatively high
temperatures and SwaNpy conditions
make ideal conditions for prevalence Of
disease. Time and again the stricken
South has called for assistance, and
DR. Uncle Sam has sailed out to the
swamp lands and saved many lives.
The South Will ever sing dithyranihS
about the clever strategy employed BY
her family physician IN putting an end
to yellow fever III these States, II was
= conflict between man and sinister
Scourge, and man won.
THE Health Service may pat itself
when pointing 70 the absence OF
yellow fever in this country Not
single case has been reported since the
epidemic that struck New orleans in
1905
that Swayed southern towns when a
case Of yellow fever came 10 hight
People took to their homes and barred
the door and windows. lest the ghaStiy
illness enter through crack or key
hole, Their fear was well founded. for
no Scourge oroadcaStS death and suffer-
ing SO aoundantly and harShly as yell
low fever. Our Nations doctor rushed
10 the scene, obliviouS Of his personal
dangeS, and how he generated the bat
tie, marShaled his battaIionS and en-.
ployed all his intelligence and wileS In
routing that disease remains classic
for generations TO study,
Yes, people took TO their homes. and
the only ones who dared cast about In
the deserted loneliness were Health
Service doctors and mosquitoes. Dur
ing those epidemicS all commerce and
business halted. as II waiting for an
ominouS day.
The Health Service knew what 10 do.
Its workers filled the mud puddhaS and
scattered poison for mosquitoes, Where
yellow fever was suspected the houses
were funligated.
Now, 10 perform such masterful Serv-
Ice within the country and remain I'M
protected nom without would be pure
Mnaey, Hence ship guarantees. Medi-
cal examination OF aliens and other
health policing at the portals OF the
Nation, This Government has per
feeted model system for guarding our
wide~fung borders against entrance Of
disease,
Every foreign ship entering an Amer
lean port must pass quarantine inSpecs
Continued GA sixth Pa&aa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

fight along the pellagra line if it takes
all his lifetime.
Such is the spirit Of health guardians
Of the republic If soldiers die on the
battlefield, Uncle Sans doctors honor
their country no less by dying in the
laboratory. surrounded By microscopes
test tubes and disease germs. This Is
not speculation; it is the actual case.
X Il Il
THE study OF Rocky Mountain spotted
fever claimed the lives Of three Pub
tic Health Service doctors. Twelve re-
search workers acquired tuJaraemia, but,
fortunately, all recovered. Two victims,
one a woman, still are convaleScing in
hospitals and probably never will re-
gain their former good health Every
life lost on the Health Service staff
means saving the lives Of people not
only In this country but all over the
world. For with his finds DR.. Uncle
Sam is neither jealous nor clanny.
Other governments have free access TO
learn what he discovers.
The annals Of the Health Service are
constantly enriched by discoveries and
sacrifices Modest honors come To these
men and women occasionally. At the
last session Of the American Medical
Association DR.. Edward Francis OF the
Hygienic Laboratory was awarded a
gold medal for having discovered "rab-
bit fever" which is rapidly gaining cur
rency as Francis fever" But their
glory lives not so much by golden medals
as by medical miracles. What honora
them most is the JOY and satisfaction
coming out Of giving vision to a blind
man removing crutches from the famed
and reiuvenating the weakened.
Eight thousand persons, 1000 on fun
time are employed in the Health Serv-
ice and perform its duties. Its repre-
sentatiYes are scattered through the
United States, It's possessions and all
principal countries In Europe Its
broad functions are:
To protect the United States against
the introduction of disease from WITH
out prevent interstate spread OF dis
ease, cooperate with State and local
/ authorities IN public health matters, IN
/ vestigate the diseases Of man, super
/ wise the manufacture and distribution
NJ bioiogic products. educate the puDilc
( on health matters, examine immigrants
give medical care 10 American nler-
chant Seamen, members Of the Coast
Guard. employees Of the Coast and Geo
detlc Survey and all other Federal en-
ployes injured in line Of duty. An
nualiy the Health Service expendB more
than Sl0,000,000 in carrying out III
activities.
The country felt need for a doctor al
large ab early as 1893 BY an act oI
Congress, the Marine Hospital Service
vas created The President was an'
tborized 10 nominate and appoint medl-
cal officers 10 administer the act Thii
move on the part Of our Government
was I'm imitation Of England's policy o.
giving medical care 10 It's seanen. ane
during ihe Infancy OF the Marine Hos
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-07-01

DR.. Joseph Goldberger
(right) and N. L. Will
lianls, laboratory assist
ant, examining a dog for
signs of disease.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-03-08
TO FIX EASTER DATE

Many times it has been proposed to establish
a more nearly uniform date for Easter Sunday, but
tradition and custom hard to overcome, so the
old method of calculation, established by the Coun-
Gil of Nice than 1000 years ago, still prevails
Under this system Easter may fall as early as
March % or as late April 25 and all movable
feasts of the church are governed by the date of
Easter.
Recently the British House of Commons passed
a bill proposing that the legal date of Easter shall
be the first Sunday after the second Saturday in
April 1t is not intended that the British shall put
this proposal into effect alone, but the idea is to call
world conference to consider joint action of the
nations the subject.
There are many reasons, business and social
to commend the new plan, but nasmuch such an
innovation would clash with long established re-
ligious custom it is doubtful that it will be able to
command support in ecclesiastical circles. Without
such support it could not be given practical effe
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-03-08
Boy Scout De-
Durtn1ent

The Scout Oath and -"On
my honor l viii do my best TO do
my duty to God and country to
obey the Scout laws "A Scout is
Trustworthy, Loyal. Helpful, Kind,
Friendly, Courteous, Obedient,
Cheerful, Thrifty, Brave, Clean,
and Reverent.'-To help other peo-
pie at all times and keep myself
physically strong, mentally awake
and morally straight" That is the
way the Scout meeting opened last
week and, in fact, every week.
The Senior Patrol Leader Julian
Markson reported on the progress
of the point system. Points are
given for the following: All pres
ent, all present or accounted for
Merit Badges, First Glass Tests
etc. The First Patrol leads with 80
points; The Second Patrol, 20
points.
Scouts Pat Dubois and Kenneth
Vennewitz were assigned to take
care of the flag for the next week.
The first meeting in every month
is important; first, because the
dues for the month are due, and
second, because it is the outdoor
meeting.
Tests were passed and assign
ments were made by Scoutmaster
kowalke for the next indoor meet
ing.
Pat Dubois and CrvfIle Carpent-
er were officially received into
Troop 10. They passed the test
of approval by all the Scouts.
"A speech was given by Clarence
Eckberg on Aviation as a Life
Work" This speech was enjoyed
by all. Ask any Scout!
Scout meeting was dismissed
with the Allegiance to the Flag. "
Troop Is wishes to thank the
Herald for the backing they are
giving them. The Scouts will have
a space in the Herald each week
for Scouting"
The personnel of Troop 10:
Patrol 1-Glen Sullivan, Patrol
Leader; Lester Wruck, Robert
SellueSteeS, hODeft IrlIZHndcleT,
Clarence Gallea, Charles Erickson,
Raymond McCracken, Randolph
Brumfield.
Patrol 2-Richard Bergman,
Robert Gruetzmacher, Jess Clough,
Harry Hamilton, Merrill Forsberg,
scribe; James Benson, Norbert
Frank, Kenneth Vennewitz, Sigurd
Holme.
Patrol 3-Clarence Eckberg,
Dean Kinsella, Franklin Vande-
steeg, John Mathiesen, Herbert
Hanauer, lHarland Picket, Charles
Rattle, Willis Dahlem.
Patrol CLARK Barry, Julian
Larson, Donald Rattle, Walter
Holme, Maurice Arneson, Norris
Gallea, Orville Carpenter, Pat Du-
Bots.
Scoutmaster-Ralph Kowalke.
Assistant Scoutmaster = Nor
bert Nicholson.
Junior Assistant Scoutmaster -
Edward Kells.
Senior Patrol LeaderJulian
Markson.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-03-08
Getty Grove School News

The upper classes wrote COM
positions on "My Hero" for Eng
fish the past week. Colonel Charles
A. Indbergh was the hero of most
of them. George Washington was
the second highest, while Christie
pher Columbus, Henry Ford and
Governor AL Smith received some
attention.
The first grade received it's
new readers and find them very
easy.
The sixth grade English class
had a debate last week on the
question Resolved that the soldier
serves his country more truly than
the farmer" 1t was very interest
ing and good arguments were pre-
scented on both sides.
The second graders having COM
pleted the subtraction combina-
ton and borrowing, started the
multiplication tables last week.
Elvin Below and Lena Wiener
presented the last two "Gold Star"
programs. Both were very good.
Ben Essler will present the next
program.
The eighth grade civics class
has intensively studied the way
a President is elected, who may be
President, and his duties. They
also discussed the custom of Pres
idents to refuse a third term of Of
fee. Calvin Coolidge's famous 81
do not choose" was more clear af-
ter this.
Lena Wiener and Elsie Betow
will represent our school in the
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-03-08

Herald Want Ad. Bring Result.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-03-08
Short Courses to Educate
Official Auto Lamp Testers
Stations Being Equipped to Pass
On Legality of Headlights
in Minnesota

A school for automobile lamp
adjusters will be held at Virginia
March 9 and 10, C.. M. Babcack,
commissioner of highways an
nounces. Another course will be
given at Duluth, March Is, 16 and
IT.
The courses are being given un-
der the direction of the Dunwoody
Institute, Minneapolis. Mr.. M. r.
Bass, assistant director of Dun
woody, is in charge of the courses.
One day course and one night
course were given at Dunwoody in
February and courses will be given
at other points in the state when
ever sufficient number of appli-
cants so request.
To date lightweight persons
have passed the tests and received
appointments as adjusters. All
sections of the state, but not all
counties, are represented in the
list.
A number Of garages throughout
the state are being equipped for
testing heailamps, and as soon as
the testing rooms and equipment
have been approved, the owners of
these stations will be permitted to
hang out the black and yellow sign
showing that the place is an "Offi-
cial Lamp Testing Station" Each
such station must employ duly
designated lamp adjuster.
Under the 1927 law any person
arrested on a charge of having
glaring or dazzling headlights may
be required to take his machine to
an official station and have his
lamps tested or adjusted. In the
past it has been matter of per-
sonal opinion whether any pair of
head lights were legal.
The new plan provides definite
and uniform tests for determining
whether lamps are legal.
Enforcement of the headlight
law, as formerly, will be left to
local peace officers, but the official