davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

waves. 1t is a gyroscope, which.
when the ship varies one degree off
the course, automatically shifts the
rudder and holds the ship to its
course. Pretty cute, Ell? But if
an unemployed sailor takes your lob
ashore, don't blame him. The Iron
Mike" has got his job and maybe
five more from the same ship.
Peel Spuds By Electricity.
They don't need sailors to splice
lines any more. They use clips.
Then there are, conveyors for load
ing and unloading, some of them
carried on the ship, as on the "Ma-
lolo" of the Matson Line. Other
conveyors are kept on the docks.
Roth displace dock workers and sail
ors. On the big liners the kitchens
are rationalized by electric potato
peelers, dish-washers and dough-
mixers, so that half the number of
helpers are disemployed. From 10
to IA per cent of the seamen are
permanently unemployed.
In addition, on both the rational
lied and the older ships, like the
Vestris, costs are cut by outright
reduction of the crew, which over
works the men remaining. Then
there is consolidation of shipping
companies, and agreements on rates
of freight and wages made at con-
ferences embracing dozens of big
companies.
If you don't think this affects you
read the articles yet TO appear in
this paper.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

The United States merchant ma
rine and navy both are constructing
big ships to be driven by electricity,
to reduce the crew still more. In
England a 12,500-ton liner with
electric motor is to be built, the ma
chimes of which can be controlled by
one man from the bridge, so that
all the engine crew can be left
ashore but few to watch the ma
chimes.
The Shipping Board steamer
Mercer" is testing out coal dust,
ground on board and fed to the fire
by blowers like OIL On a two
weeks trip it saved $1,508 on coal.
Gil burning, besides being cheaper
than coal, leaves more space for
cargo, which means more profits.
The Iron Mike"
Another thing: Did you ever meet
an Iron Mike 2" The sailors have,
and from to seamen from each
ship that installs an "Iron Mike"
are left on the beach looking for
the evasive job because of it.
If you ever take passage on a big
modern liner, you go to sleep nights
all unknowing that a regular
"robot" which the seamen call an
"Iron Mike" is steering the ship
through the darkness and the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24
MACHINERY And
HOW IT AFFECTS
The U. S. SEAMEN
! a t ion alization Puts
Thousands on Beach

Continued from P1Op One
in industry generally bv technical
improvements, standardizing the
product, co-ordinating production so
that the industry is centralized I'M
der one control from the source of
raw material to the final distribu-
ton to consumer, elimination of
waste of all kinds and the speed-up,
or plain slave driving.
Naturalization is most noticeable
in American automobile production,
but the sailors show us thaS it is
affecting their lives and conditions
most seriously in the marine indus
try. We mill tell you just how they
explain it and how it is done in
marine work.
Old Ships and New.
Something like the coal industry,
,shipbuilding had boom during the
war. Shipping tonnage decreased
from 45,404,000 tons in 1914 to 3d.
100000 tons in 1927, or 1913 per
cent. Of this 17,363,000 tons in
crease, 100000 tons was in the
United States and of this about
100000 tons is idle-nothing for
it to do.
If you recall the big graft of the
Hog Island shipyards and others,
you will understand that lot of
ships were thrown together to grab
big profits from war transport.
Now these ships are not so profit
able as the better built and equipped
"rationalized" ships like the new
ones. built by European interests
since the war.
Hard for Men Either Way.
But for the workers it's nell either
way. because they are driven to
death on the rationalized ships or
are unemployed by the installation
of machinery, or they are subject to
wage cuts, longer hours and worse
conditions on the ships that are not
rationalized, so that these old tubs,
like the Vestris, can compete with
the rationalized lines. The seamen
lose "both ways from the jack" as
the saying goes.
What is being done to ships
would give an old-timer from the
ancient wind TANNERS" sore eyes
to look at. And you can tell the
kids who want to run away to sea
that there's no more romance left
from the days of Herman Melville
than there is in the Fisher Body
factory at Detroit.
New MACHINERY.
Firstly, of course, naturalization
is put into new ships as they are
built, chiefly into the engine room
The piston engine and the turbine
the Diesel engine or electric motor
all indicate how the ships insides
are changed to save material and
labor.
Then there is the matter of fuel
The Red International of Labor
Unions in discussing naturalization
tells us that "the Berengaria of the
Cunard Line, Of $4,000 tons, which
was the former Tmperator' of the
Hamburg American Line, by re-
building it with oil-burners, reduced
the crew by approximately 24C
men,"
Men and Ships.
The composition of the worlo
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

Passaic WOmen's Mass Meeting.
The Women's Council of Passaic
Will hold a mass meeting at 40 Third
st, Matung Hall, this Sunday, at Z
p. m. There will be Polish and Eng
tend.
Brighton Beach Notice.
New developments are under way
In the life of the workers clubs. A
conference of all New York clubs took
place and a city committee of the
most active club workers has been
chosen, which has met already and
drawn number of plans and a pro-
gram for future work which will in
vigorate militant blood in the clubs.
All this will be transformed to you
by member of the club committee,
at our meeting today, at our club
rooms, 227 Brighton Beach Ave.
Spanish Workers Club.
A free course in Spanish will be
given to all English speaking com
rades who wish to learn the langu-
age. Classes will be held at the Span
ish Workers Club, SIS West 1i3th St,
every Thursday at $50 p. m,
The Spanish Workers Club also
wishes to announce dance to-
day celebrating the first anniver-
sary There will be Russian dances
other entertainment and refresh
who come. Admission so cents.
Labor Presents satire.
If you have read Heavenly Dis
course" by c. e. S. Wood, and en-
joyed it, you are invited to see "At
the Gates of Paradise" a satire in
one act-to be given by the Yugo-
slav Workers Dramatic Club or
Sunday, Nov. 25th, at Bohemian Hall
321 E. 73rd st.
Program includes such attractions
as: Ukrainian Singing Society, Ku-
harec String Quartet, duet from
! TrovatOre, soprano solo, and tenor
solo (both to sing operate arias.
Concert begins at 8 p. m. Dance al
a p. m.
MOoney-BillinRs Protest.
general protest meeting 70
! Mooney and Billings will be held to
/ morrow evening at o'clock at IL
E. 1SSth st. The speakers will b,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

williamsburg Y. w. l.. Festival.
Pumpkin Festival with dancing
and entertainment will be held by
the Williamsburg Young workers
League this evening, at it's headquar-
ters, Sc Manhattan Ave, Brooklyn.
Lenin Memorial Meet.
A Lenn Memorial Meeting will be
held in Madison Square Garden Sat
urday evening, January 10. All Party
and sympathetic organizations please
take note.
You are requested not to arrange
any conflicting dates. The Lenin
Memorial Meeting this year will be
powerful demonstration against
the impe1ialist war and for the de-
Tense of the Soviet Union.
District Executive Committee. New
York District.
Upper Bronx No. 1--Y. w. G. l..
The Upper Bronx No. Unit OF
the Y. W. C. l.. will hold camara-
derie, penny party, tomorro DIV
m. There will be games and
songs. Admission is one penny:
Everybody is asked to come and
bring their friends!
Downtown Unit Y. w. l..
The Downtown Unit 2 of the Young
Workers (CommunisD League will
hike to Jamaica Woods tomorrow
All comrades residing in the Bronx
and Manhattan win meet at a. m.
at IS Union Square. Those living in
the vicinity of Brownsville and
Brooklyn will meet 1890 a. m. at
the end of the BIN. T. Jamaica line.
Everybody is invited to attend.
District Conference.
An important conference of section
and subsection industrial organizers
of District 2 will be held today
EOS. All industrial organizers please
take note. Unit Industrial organizers
can also attend
YOrkville Pioneers.
Yorkville Pioneers meet tomorrow
p. m. at $50 E. S1st st. Election of
officers. Please be present
Downtown Unit 2, Y. w. l..
Due to the fact that there will be
a League membership meeting to-
morrow in order to discuss the Trot-
sky question, the hike arranged by
the Downtown Unit No. 2, of the
Y. w. l.. has been postponed until
Sunday. Dec. 2.
Y. w. Upper Harlem.
Social and dance this evening at
126 w. 1S1st ST.
Yonkers Open Forum.
The Yonkers Open Forum will be
held tomorrow evening at o'clock.
ID. Benjamin, assistant director of the
Workers School will talk on the
war Danger" The lecture will be
held at the Workers Cooperative
Center, 252 Warburton Ave
Branch 2, Section 8.
inc q nd
cussion on the election of delegates
to the Party convention win be held
Monday, 8 p. m, at 313 Hinsdale st.
All members must attend.
Upper Harlem Y. w. l..
The Upper Harlem unit of the
Young Workers (CommunisD League
will celebrate its opening today
at $3.50 p. m There will be dancing,
refreshments, and good entertain
ment. All comrades are invited to
come.
Subsection BE.
A special conference is called of
all unit functionaries by the sub
section executive committee on Mon
day at $50 p. m. at 101 w. 9th st.
The executive committee Will take
disciplinary measures against those
functionaries who fail to attend.
Subsection BE, Ex. Comm.
The subsection executive commit
tee Is called to be present at the
meeting on Monday, $50 p. m, at
| 101 w. 9th St.
IL International Branch 1.
The international branch l will
hold its regular meeting on Monday
! at p. m. at 101 w. 9th ST.
Unit BE; IF Meeting
| An important meeting will be held
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

to the ship. 1T was the French liner
Miriam. / got along side at 5 o'clock
and was taken aboard.
The passengers and the white
crew were taken forward, while we
had to sleep in the hot engine room,
mess room, and alleyway, or any
where else we could find. Nothing
to eat but bread and hot water. l
was able to save one colored male
passenger.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24
Fraternal Organizations
Hard Time" Party and Dance.

Hard Time" Party and Dance.
The Cooperative section of the
Freiheit Singing Society will hold a
Hard Time Party and Dance to-
the Cooperative Colony. Ten prizes
will be given out to the oldest and
poorest masks. The chorus will take
part in the singing and playing.
Spanish Workers Dance.
The Spanish Fraction OF the Work
ers (Communist) Party will hold it's
first dance Saturday evening, Dec. %,
at Harlem Casino, 116th St and
I.enox Ave. Proceeds will go for the
organization of Spanish workers and
the support of their organ vida
Obrera." AS this will be a real in
national affair, please. dot not
arrange any other affair on that
date
Mooney Mass Meet.
The Lower Bronx unit has arranged
a Mooney Billings Protest Meeting
for tomorrow evening, at O'Clock
at 716 f. l3Sth St. cornor Jackson
Ave. Speakers; Norman Tallentire
Karl Reeve and Louis A. Baum.
Concert In Brownsville.
The Brownsville section Ere heit
and dance today at the Workers
Center, 154 watkins St, Brownsville
The Freiheit Singing Society will
render group of songs. A group
of the Freiheit Mandolin Orchestra
will also take part in the program
of the evening.
Young Defenders Dance.
The Young Defenders" are holding
dance at the headquarters 14OC
Boston Road tomorrow at 8 o'clock
Everybody is invited to come
snappy band has been arranged.
Council II Lecture.
Council IL of the United Councils
of Working Glass Women has ar.
ranged a lecture for Monday at S:3(
p. m. on "Class Education" Edward
Wright, of the Workers School. will
be the speaker The lecture will bt
held in the auditorium of the United
Workers Cooperative House. at 27Ot
Bronx Park East.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24
Workers Party Activities

I Tuesday, 6:15 p. m. at 1O1 W. 9th
st.
WiiIiamsburgh Y. w. l.. Festival
A pumpkin festival will be given
by the Williamsburgh unit of the
Young Workers (Communist) League
this evening at s o'clock at SIS
Manhattan Ave, Brooklyn. A good
jazz band has been hired, and all
workers are invited to attend
Section 2 Conference.
A general conference of all unit
subsection and section functionaries
of Section of the Workers Conn
munist Party will be held Tuesday
6 p. M, at 101 w. 27th st. Very
important matters will be discussed
All functionaries must be present.
Branch q, Section s.
An educational meeting and dis
be held Monday, 8 p. M, at S13 Hins-
dale Ave. All members are urged to
attend.
Unit AT, Subsection 3D..
An educational meeting of Unit At,
at p. m. at 1O1 w 9th st. All
members are urged to attend.
Branch 4, section 3.
A special meeting of the branch
will be held Monday at $50 p. m.
at 1880 wilkins Ave. A discussion
on 'Trotskyism' will be held. All
members must attend.
Unit 4F Subsection "a.
A special meeting of Unit At, Sub
section IA will be held Monday at
101 West 9th st. "Trotskyism" will
be discussed, and all members must
attend.
Unit AT. Subsection Be.
Shop Nucleus No. will hold a spe-
cial meeting this Tuesday, Nov. 81,
at $3.50 sharp, at 101 West 9th st.
All comrades must be present
Y.w.L. Membership Meet.
A special membership meeting Of
the Young Workers (Communist)
League of District will be held to-
morrow afternoon, go p. M, to dis
cuss THE Struggle Against Trotsky-
ism and the Right Danger" A rep
resentative of the National Execu-
tive ComT1ittee will lead the discus
sion Every League member must be
present. A roll call by units VIII be
taken.
Party. League Sports Meet.
A conference of all Party and
/ League members active in sports
work will be held today at 3 p. m.
at the Workers Center. This confer
ence is of the greatest Importance
and by special decision of the Party
and League District Committees this
conference takes precedence over all
other meetings.
Subsection &c.
All units of Subsection &C will
meet this Monday at $50 p m. at
101 w. 9th st.
Upper Bronx Comraderie.
The Upper Bronx No. / Camraderie
which was to be held this Sunday,
has been postponed for an indefinite
date, due to unavoidable complica-
lions.
Unit 2F Section 1. will meet Nom
day. at p M, at 60 ST. Marks Pl
| There will be a discussion on the
Trotsky opposition in the United
, States.
5FD, Section 2.
A meeting of Unit SID, Section "a
will be held this Monday at the sec
ton headquarters. 101 w. 27th St,
at $3.50 sharp.
Lower Bronx Y. w. l..
The Lower Bronx Y w. L. will hold
social at Ills e. 13Sth St, on Satur-
dav. Dec. |. The one-act play, "Oc-
tober" will feature.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24
women's Council Lecture.


The German Proletarian Theatre is
presenting Revolutionary Review
on Saturday night, Dec. LIST, at 5
o'clock, at the Labor Temple 243 f.
S4th st. A cast of more than one
hundred people from the various
workers organizations is participat-
ing. All class conscious workers
should attend
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

The Communist Party is the par
~ of the liberation of the Negro
race from all white oppression.
wars.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

Sunday, Nov 25: p. M, 'Life of
Goethe"
Monday, Nov. 90; $40 p. m, Phil
osophy" Glass
Wednesday, Nov 2S; els p. m,
The Dance: AS a Medium of Gre
ative Expression" Miss Daisy Blau.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

WANTED A ROOM in the Bay
WAN LII Ridge. Preferable i'm
comradely family. Adj
dressi Box 800.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24
70 Fireman. Who SAVED Lines OF 10 Passengers Jim CoO" Treatment

Norris E. Taft of Local Al and Louis
A. Baum of the Photographers
Union.
Labor sports Union Meet
The Labor Sports Union Will holq
its Eastern District Conference Mon
day evening, November 26, at Irving
Plaza, 18th st. and Irving Pl All
labor sports organizations, whether
already affiliated to the L. S. L. or
not, are urged to send delegates.
1. l.. ID. Membership Meet.
A general membership meeting q
be held Tuesday evening 1t 1880 -
Manhattan Lyceum, Sc e. 4th St. Nor
man H. Tallentire will be the chief
speaker. All members are urged to
attend
%nItgoOds Ball.
The first annual ball of the Knit
goods Workers will be held on
Thanksgiving Eve, Nov 28, at Web
ster Manor Hall, 119 E. 18th st.
The ewly-organized Knitgoods
Welfare and Culture Club has ar
ranged this affair for the purpose
of fostering closer contacts and re-
lations between the knitgoods work
ers.
All workers are invited to attend
inns gaia alIalf,
IcOr Bnzaar.
The Icor Society for Jewish Coloni-
cation in the Soviet Union will hold
it's fourth annual bazaar on Novem-
Der goth, December LIST and End, at
the big armory, IS Lexington Ave,
New York City. Prizes to ticket buy
ers Will be two trips to Soviet Rus
STA. A big entertainment and a big
time is promised to ALL
Women's Council Lecture.
The Women's Council No has ar
ranged a lecture for Monday, at $3.50
p. m. at 1897 Washington Ave
Bronx. II. Rossman. who has just
arrived from the Soviet Union, will
lecture on Russia as an Inspira-
ton" Admission free
Unity Coop Meet.
/ A membership meeting of the Tn
| ity Cooperative will be held this
/ Monday, at Parkview Palace, 10th
| st. and 5th Ave, at p. m. A report
/ of the budget committee, a report
on the camp and the nature of the
1 restaurant will be taken up.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

The Workers tCOmmunIst, Party
fights for the enactment of the 40
hour. .-day week.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

in which each man and each ship or
type of ship is counted as a unit,
graphically shows the mechanical
displacement of seamen by rational
ization &C follows.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24
Men and Ship!

The composition of the world
merchant marine, shown in figures
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

Lower Bronx Y. W. l..
The Lower Bronx Y. w L. will hold
social at Ills e. 13Sth St, on Satur-
dav. Dec. /. The one-act play, "Oc-
tober" will feature.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

A special membership meeting OF
the Young Workers (Communist)
League of District 2 will be held to-
morrow afternoon, 1880 p. M. to dis
cuss THE Struggle Against Trotsky-
ism and the Right Danger" A rep
resentative of the National Execu-
tive ComT1ittee will lead the discus
sion. Every League member must be-
present. A roll call by units VIII be
taken.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-11-24

meeting of Unit SID, Section "a
wiz be held this Monday, at the soc
ton headquarters. 101 w. 27th st.
at $50 sharp
Evening star., 1928-06-03
Part of a Chinese Frieze of the T ang
Dynasty, Eighth Century. A. d.
Courtesy Freer Gallery of Al

Of paintings, bronzes, sculptures, jades,
etc.
Mr.. FREER himself visited China
making trips into the interior and
acquiring corJnoisseur's knowledge of
the subject. Other wealthy American
collectors of art often have had agents
do the work for them. II is recorded
that James Mcneil Whistler, the great
American painter. who lived so long in
London, influenced Mr. Freer In the
direction Of Oriental art. The result
is a collection of Chinese art which
China herself cannot equal. In the
future many Chinese viii Journey to
Washington to see this collection in
order TO qualify themselves as experts.
An outstanding motive with Mr.. Freer
was to save and preserve Chinese art
He saw the disintegrating forces at
work in the empire, and he lived to see
the empire change into republic, norf-
inally, with all the turbulence and de-
struction to old forms that have char
acterized this transition down to this
day. In the civil wars that are racking
China literally priceless art, as well as
literature, Is being lost. but enough re-
mains In China or is saved in American,
European, Japanese and other museums
TO give fairly comprehensive picture
Of this phase Of remarkable civiliZa-
tion.
In an able article In the Arts maga-
zine Agnes E. Meyer has paid tribute
Evening star., 1928-06-03

When suddenly the plague disap-
Dearsf p9E fpgelAtaers believed it had
DseD 1aF1isslsc by q miraculous inter
Yerit1DD of Heaven Gcleace now Yecog-
nazfs the &Jnlst mechanical pesiodnlty
of this strange aud vanishing rare, but
the f9rcs tfat regulates II is ssij! a
ngYstegy.
Eftelc z IL nov raiiyiag lts numbers,
ss " nc IL lS$z, 1860, 1877, 1894 and
1911, ard. for tfle EeaSpn that IL makes
~ sSoyer feit IN the very portlou of t1e
lJ9fItFy HJlst cefaSesy populated, n has
sJT32 Dsgsf sakflfa1S, though II has been
greatly cifBiDssk4ed from former times
Mas5y aiad the eieAfan2 NJ the forests,
DJEstfasF vii. tEss 6epredattGilg " tflA
EIElasb ss>&Fr1B ard field Sfad orchard
g1tcE, faAFs cinHleG tt4e former great
Dsas ~ this insect tfise. SetentlSss be-
llAye that ~ time IL may secOTae FaFe
og fas&E3z, eztjflf1 ~ THIS Tsga0n, though
gtkaes sEfSoecG, timed W aDIeaf IN differ.
hht ytSSs aaad lI iesE settled places. Wi
IF3RfF ~ fDF GeDtlsieS
T1e.r sfgfesg8GloR DUE ~ gYood Z
Eseso> giye fezS1n f0f No great alarm
. IoweFnfHfsst ekDeFtA state foT II II ngl
{ ~ f<3Heff9i ~ DgGSSc 10. called ti7e
/ fSfe&1 EsFoId 8aaen h rsa4 scheduled
/ ~ appear sgSia gDtI 1915 However
/ DFt<,c IL espzs,le ~ fsising a deaf
i EaiaG ciH s,efOle n YaDl6es Dasgt6.ri0lis
10 ss>p2G ssss gS%g si J2Ae, " sst9Tn
Evening star., 1928-06-03

The yearly reports on the acquisitions
by the Chinese division of the Library
OF Congress have been prepared for
many years by Walter T. Swingle, chair
man Of the library committee OF the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture. It might. be asked how a De-
partment OF Agriculture Official qualified
for this task. Mr.. Swingle went to
China in agricultural research and that
led TO an interest In Chinese books
which describe Chinese farming meth
DDS. From that he extended his expert
knowledge to all kinds OF Chinese
books. and a. the Library Of Congress
Mr.. Swingle is given large credit for
building up the collection of Chinese
books TO its present importance.
DR.. Arthur w. Hummel is the head of
the Chinese division of the Library Of
Congress. He spent 2 years in Japan
and l3 years in China and for 10 years
taught Chinese In the Language School
Of Peking. Hence DR. Hummel reads
and speaks Chinese and has brought to
his direction of the division knowledge
Of Chinese history and literature that
is considered Of the highest value 10
American leadership In this field.
The chief factor In the possession by
the Library Of Congress Of the 10000
volumes and manuscripts in Dr. Hum
nlel's view is in the possibility the COL
lection affords Of effecting better un-
deTStanding between the peoples Of the
United States and China. He points
o1t that China now Is making more of
an effort 70 understand us than we are
70 understand China. because more Chi
nese come here TO study than Aneri-
cans 60 to China 70 study. The Library
collection viii make II possible for
Americans TO learn about China In the
fullest degree short OF going 70 China,
and IN some ways affords better op-
portunity TO study Chinese literature
than exists in China today.
The Library Of Congress is assisting
students. either American or Chinese
fof the latter there are always several
hundred in the United States, By spe-
caal provision Of the immigration Iawst,
by sending 70 universities throughout
the United States certain Chinese books
or manuscripts needed IN their studies.
This makes the trip 10 Washington un-
necessary In specific studies, but ad-
Tanced students who want the whole
range of the collection necessarily must
come TO Washington.
A speciality Of the collection Is Chi
ne@e gazetteeTs, which describe local
history and geography. More than
800 localities in China are covered In
the volumes nog In the Library. and
the collection is go broad that II is be-
coming difficult for the Library 30 ac-
euire gazetteers not already possessed.
Perhaps the literary work in