Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-02-05
FERRARA DEFENDS
INTERVENTION AS
MEANS OF HONOR

Continued from First Pagel
| Naurtua had not convinced him, and
! that the Rio de Janeiro report, with
its fiat announcement of intervention
should be substituted for the reporters
project.
Venezuela and Chile both spoke soon
| afterward. declaring that their nations
were foremost in the defense Of the
| inherent rights Of countries, and would
therefore SO on record as opposed TO
| intervention.
Maxine H Zepeda Nicaraguan dele
/ gate. announced he would vote in favor
| Of the Maurtua report, since in his
estimation there was no fundamental
difference between the reporters propo-
/ sition and the Rio de Janeiro declara-
; tons
Panama FavorS Rio Report.
The Dominican Republic delegate re-
piled 10 Or. Zepeda by saying: We
] have condemned all intervention which
! implies a violation of sovereignty and
the preparation Of an injustice 10 the
right OF peoples and not those inter-
ventions destined to create peoples"
DR.. Ricardo j Alfaro Panaman Min
lister 10 Washington. declared himself
III favor Of the consideration Of the
Rio report sooner than Maurtuas re-
port.
/ Dr.. Raul Fernandez of Brazil. who
! since morning had been presiding over
/ the discussion. said that IN view OF his
| position he could not say much, but
/ recommended that the matter be re-
ferred TO a subcommittee,
Dr.. Fernando thereup0n Immediately
/ named 4 subcommittee composed of
: g. 49, Nr
Maurtua for Peru. Dr. Aquiles E,orduy
for Mexico Dr. Ricardo Castro Beeche
! for Costa Rlca, Dr., Guerrero for Saliva
! cor, Dr.. Puoyrredon for Argentina, ana
Dr. Alexandra Lira for Chile
In presenting his report DR. Maurtua
asserted that the principles included
in II contained the fundamental rights
of all states which are above treaties
since they do not let in the power of
states to contract away He declared
that this is an age OF interdependence
and solidarity among nations"
independence Held Limited.
Independence is not an absolute
right, but is limited by the duties Of
International corporation" he said
In the American continent espe-
ciaLy." he continued. international CO.
operation has special phySi0gnomy.
II is more intense than in the rest of
the world. II is based. however. on in
ternal sovereignty and the external in
dependence of nations"
Those countries which are most
jealous Of their independence. he added,
should be kecnest for international CO.
operation. solidarity and respect for
law
Mr. Hughes in his address expressed
al 1f t,n 1st,f-
expressed in it. lauding them as force
full expression of the collective duties
Of nations He expressed the opinion
that the declaration OF principles ex-
pounded by DR. Maurtua we're a magma
charta of the Western Hemisphere.
and that they set forth the fundamental
principles controlling the policies OF this
hemisphere.
Mfr Hughes had scarcely set down
when Guerrero opened the attack. say
ing that the report has ignored COM
p!etely the Rio Janeiro jurists' recon-
nlendations These recommendations
contain specific article, reading: No
state may intervene in the internal af-
fairs of another"
Demands Absolute Right"
Senior Nonorio Pueyrredon of Argen-
tine declared that the sovereignty of
states consisting of the absolute right
TO entire internal autonomy and complete
external independence" must be con-
secrated in law and practiced in fact or
international juridical harmony no
longer exists"
Diplomatic or armed intervention.
permanent or temporary is an attempt
against the independence of states
without finding its justification ir the
duty of protecting the rights of ma
ucnals since the same right could not
De exercised in their turn Or weak
countries should their subjects suffer
from commissions In strong countries"
he said
Aquiles Elordui Mexican delegate.
continuing the general attack against
the Maurtua report. charged that the
proposed code did not guarantee the
security Of small nations while strong
countries. by virtue Of their strength
need no guarantees.
Carbon Salazar Of Guatemala. criti-
cizcd the report saying that its recon-
| menoations were too vague and In gen.
ersI couched with excessive s,,bstrac-
tons while the same criticism was
mace by Jacinto &c Castro of Sante
Domingo. who said that a more exact
definition OF sovereignty vas necessary.
Hughes Deeply Interested.
Mr.. Hughes said In his address:
Il could not fail 10 note the manner
IN which DR. Maurtua stated the prin-
cip!es which should guide us In con-
sider.ng the co6incation of international
iaT. II may be pardoned a personal
Hord- there Is no subject in which
am more deeply Interested: there Is no
enterprise on which our American re-
& he 81 L.
/ TDrid-could more pr0fltabiy enter
Why Is it 50 important The funda-
mental conception lis that VIZ are
family ri States that We are all bound
tpse'hrT, In conception Of the rela-
IorlS o! CIVILIZED nations That c0ncep-
hon oi fundamental unity iH the very
ooslLlae upon which We must erect
F our structure NJ iuridical exposition
We cannot enter into this family of
nations. We cannot perform our duties
! - CIVILIZED States IN our relations With
! "arn other. unless We have an apDrecla-
/ iion o. The principles which govern our
! action
"Of STATES are not distractions: or
: relations are flot mere concepts of the
/ inR!4f they are practical We cam
not perform our duties ~ each other
|e cannot adequately recognize the
nights which each Of us should cherish
unless We have realization OF the
principles which are ~ govern our az
ions. II !s these principles which are
cornfncnly recognized By civilized Stairs
as Prterning their relations which con
stltute International Law
Happy In Freedom"
81 In this hemisphere, IS Dr Maur,ua
has SAID. Ne have been fortunately free
6! Cne ri the traditions we have RS
rapec some ~ the exigrncieA which