Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1928-09-16

4 4 the world, while in Europe it
self the republics retain mar
gin of one, the division being IA repub-
lies to 10 monarchies, as follows:
Republics-Austria. Czechoslovakia
Esthonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hun
gary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Portu-
gal, Russia, Switzerland and TURKEYS
onarchies-Albania, Belgium, Bull
garia, Denmark, England, Italy. Jugo-
slavia, Luxembourg, Norway, Neither
lands, Rumania, Spain and Swed-
en-13.
More Population, Larger Area.
The republics have more population
and are larger in are than the monarch
les, since Germany, Russia, Poland and
other nations adopted that form OF gov
eminent. The full extent Of the gain
of republicanism in the world since
President Monroe, in 1928, enunciated
his famous doctrine in fear that mon
archism might spread to the Western
Hemisphere is shown in the world line
up between the two ideals OF govern
ment:
Republics Austria, Bolivia.
Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa
RIGA, Cuba, CzechoSlovakia, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Esthonia, Finland
| France Germany, Greece, Guatemala
Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Latvla, Lltn-
uania, Liberia, Mexico, Nicaragua, Pan
ANA, Paraguay. Peru, Portugal, Poland
Russia, Salvador, Switzerland, Turkey
United States, Uruguay and Vene-
zuela-38.
Observation-Disclosures, Abyssinia, AZ
gllanistan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark
| Egypt, British empire, HejaZ. Italy
Japan, Jugoslavia, Luxembourg, Meth
erlands, Norway, Persia, Rumania, Siam
| Spain and Sweden-20.
Are Practically Republics.
It may be noted that five members Of
| the British empire-Canada, Australia
New Zealand, Union of South Africa
and the Irish Free State-are not listed
with the republics but are merged In
| the British empire as monarchy. Yet
| the five nations for all practical pur-
poses are republics, Great Britain re-
| tanning only the slenderest political
| control over them in such ways as send
ing governors general who have nmiteo
powers. In foreign policy London now
always consults the dominions before
acting and does not undertake to COM
nit them against their wills. But In
strict technical listing they are not
completely independent sovereign ma
] tons, so they are left outside the CLASH
| fication of republics.
President Monroe probably did not
deem 1t possible that in less than
hundred years after he wrote his mes
sage, now called a doctrine, that re-
publics not only would outnumber mon
arches in Europe but all over the
world.
Such areas as the Soviet Republic OF
Mongolia and small municipalities such
as Monaco are not tabulated because
they are not recognized automatically
or are not admitted as members OF the
League of Nations as of adequate size
or sufficiently autonomous to be rated
as full-fledged independent states.
| It would seem that the monarchles
now are the ones to set up some doc
trine of self-defense. Albania's action
does not yet appear to be symptomatic
of a general trend back to monarchies
reversing the great trend toward repub.
lies caused by the World War If Rus
| STA and Germany should revert to mon
arches the tendency, Of course, would be
vastly significant.
Has Support of People.
The new King zogu of Albania ap.
parently starts off his reign with wide
support among his people. Yet Greece
affords a troubled picture for him, fol
it has wavered between monarchy anC
republic since the World War, now be-
| ing poised as a republic, but II such
a powerful figure as Venizelos shoulC
pass from the stage the wheel might
turn again toward a monarchy.
| On the whole, however, the drift has
been SO pronouncedly toward republics
that temporary Setbacks do not seen
| to presage bright future for monar.
chism. Relationships such as prevail
in Italy, Russia, Turkey, Poland anc
to limited extent in Mexico and Spain
show a recrudeScence of abSolutiSm, but
in the long sweep of the centuries may
be only incidents. And calling a nation
as disorganized as China a republic
also is stretching the classification
somewhat.
With 38 republics to 20 monarchies
it is evident that the republics outnum-
Der the monarchieS decisively IN the
League of Nations, for most of the ma
| tons listed are members of the League
OF about SIS nations members of the
League, some 80 are republics and %
monarchies. No voting has been evil
dent in the League that clearly indi-
Gated republican or monarchical bias
but the reserve voting strength of re.
publics is there If a clash did occur.
World Court Republican.
In electing judges of the Worlc
Court the League has not paid any at.
tentlon to this distinction SO far, al.
though the membership of the Worlc
Court is just as decidedly republican
The present judges happen to be from
monarchical countries by the narrow
margin of six to five in a panel Of
eleven judges. The United States has
been represented by John Bassett
Moore on the court, though the Unitet
States Is not a member, and Charles
Evans Hughes will continue to repre.