Evening star., 1928-03-16


delivered last night by Secretary OF
state KeIlosg before the Council on
rore!sn Relations on the subject The
war Prevention Policy Of the United
states:
AR, Chairman: It has been my priv
siere during the past few months tt
conduct on behalf Of the Government
NJ tl,a United States negotiations nav
sn- for their object the promotion o.
sl,e great ideal of world peace. Popular
and governmental interest III the reaii-
ratlon az this ideal has never peer
greater than at the present time. EVei
since the World War. which spcllec
death 20 SO many millions OF niS,i ,,
saread 6esalation over so much OF tne
continent Of Europe and shocked ano
Sn,pcrileS neutral as well as belllgereni
rat;ons. the minds Of statesmen and o'
their ,>eonics have been more and more
concerned with plans for preventing the
recurrence Of such calamity.
Not o,liv has the League OF Nations
l,A,n r,~eoccupied with studies or Sc
c,,r;tv and world peace, but members OF
the Ieague Of Nations have concluoeo
additional special treaties ike thoSe
sisDe6 at Iocarno in 1928. ana recentIH
al Havana the United States ana -
members Of the League OF Nations, eX-
r~assaS BY formal declaration their un-
qualified condemnation Of war as an
Instrument OF national policy. ano
agreed TO call conference TO orat,
appropriate treaties OF compulsory arbl-
rss&.
American Desire for Peace.
The Government Of the United States
vii never be laggard in any effective
movement for the advancement cl
worid peace. and the negotiations Whlcn
7 have recently been carrying on nave
grown out of this Governments earnest
desire 10 promote that ideal. They
have had a dual character. having been
concerned in part with the framing OF
new arbitration treaties to replace tne
so-cal!ed Root treaties. several OF WhlcA
eyusre bv limitation this year, and In
rs2rt with the anti-war treaty which NJ
BRAND proposed to me last Summer
I welcome the opportunity when you
have afforded me tc express before TINS
a2dience my views on these questions
ard TO explain the objects and aims o.
TIE Government OF the united STATES
With respect thereto.
In the first place it should be clearly
understood that the treaty of arbitra-
1ion which was signed last month with
France has no relation whatsoever &c
tha proposal submitted by n. BRAND
for a treaty declaring against war and
renouncing ii as an instrument of ma
tto1aI policy 1t is true that the pre-
anble 10 the arbitration treaty recites
that France and the United States are
'seager by their example not only &c
demonstrate their condemnation OF war
as an instrument Of national policy In
their mutual relations. but also &C
hasten the time when the perfection
Of international arrangements for the
pacific settlement Of international dis
ps;tes shall have eliminated forever tbs
possibility OF war among any Of the
powers Of the world" but a preamble
Is not a binding part Of a treaty.
II war is 10 be abolished ii must be
through the conclusion OF q specific
treaty solernnly binding the parties not
tc resort TO var with one another. II
cannot be abolished by more declara-
ten in the preamble Of a treaty, Even
though without legal effect. however
a formal expression Of the peaceful
aspirations Of the governments and
their common desire to perfect 6
mechanism for the pacific settlemen;
os tusticiabie disputes such as that
found IN the preamble Of the arbitra-
tkon treaty is. I believe, very helpful
since il publicly defines the positions
cf the tvo governments in matter the
Importance Of which Is hard TO ex-
aggerate.
Treaty Called Advance.
The arbitration treaty itself regard
h$ a distinct advance over any OF its
predecessors, and / hope /: can serve
- MODEL Tor Use IN negotiations with
Dtheg governments with which we have
10 present arbitration treaty or where
The existing Root treaties shortly ex-
Mre. I have already Instituted nego-
Ttatiors with the British and Japa-
E1Ese Governments on the basis Of the
Draft treaty which have submitted 70
france last December. and have irldi-
Gated TO all 1nqRiring governments that
shall Be pleased to conclude with
them new treaties similar to that re-
Gently signed giih France. II a COM
pgeherEiye series OF such biiateral
treaties can be put into effect between
the United States and the other ma
tkons ot the world, feel that very
effective mechanism for the pacific set
1EEent Of 11sticizbie disputes win have
been established. ] attach such i'm
pcrtance 10 the treaty Just concluded
with France that / shall discuss its
provisions briefly before proceeding n
a. discussion of the correspondence
sE21ch has been exchanged With France
g the subject Of the So-caiIed BRAND
lTopoSaL
Particle ] o! ti2s new arbitration treats
E%ataits the language Of the first
Paragraph Of the first article Of the
ysn treaty ot 1914 providing for IN.
ye4tigafson and report by q permanent
1n1erc2epEAi commission Of all digputes
49, settled by diplomacy or submitted u
agoAFas3pn. Ny purpose in including
rs reference TO the Bryan treaty wa
~ recognize anew the efficacy Of tbs
YMooecure established under the Eryar
ke1tats and u unite by reference In
q c1Sssttest the related processes O
6HDf.ilat4gn and arbitration TIL
3pEcs ard effect II the Bryan tYeatI
Yta FfsrIe has Ia no sense been i'm
1tec ~ the new treaty. nor was i
s4es2ded tf3aE II should be. This is ia
ahcerstzg7Ging ~ both Government
EEd Iotss " that effect have been ex
changed 50 far as the legal effec
c1 the new treaty ig concerned. Artici
co0id De lefs osat entirely and men
tig.a ot ire Bryan treaty made only Il
Article Z where there Is reference b
the c0gal lEtaen procedure uEde: tha
treaty