davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Nogales international., 1928-11-30


Rev. James Crutchfield of the
Methodist church returned Wed
resday from Phoenix where he
lad been attending the state legis-
lative session. He was in the
capitol lobby at the time of the
'rmpus Monday between Gov.
Hunt and State Senator Fred T.
Golfer, who got into an argument
over the Colorado river commits
sion. Cruthfield says he does not
believe that Golfer struck Hunt
notwithstanding the assertion to
the contrary by the Governors
secretary, J. W. STROBE.
Nogales international., 1928-11-30

FOR SALE-1927 Star Sedan,
excellent condition, $495. Nogaies
Hudson-Essex Co. (adv)
Nogales international., 1928-11-30

Woody Gatlin was here Tuesday
from Patagonia.
Nogales international., 1928-11-30

Mr.. and Mrs. Joe R. Halstead
and Mrs. Korri'k We're visitors
here Wednesday from Phoenix.
Nogales international., 1928-11-30

gift departments are ready to greet
lorious array-the most amazing
ion of gifts imaginable. Gifts for all
Early shopping means unlimited Sc
Nogales international., 1928-11-30

Are you ready for Christmas? Our
you. We have gathered the most s.
variety-the most complete collect
tastes. For all ages. For every purse.
lection. II
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
Miners Defense Week

The week of July 1929 has been set aside as
Miners Defense Week. The national Miners
Relief Committee, without whose activities the
great mine struggle would long since probably
have come to disastrous conclusion, and the
international Labor Defense, an organization
which has won the right to demand the sup
port and confidence of the working class, are
cooperating in the nationwide drive
The great mine struggle now in its fifteenth
month has made labor history. 1t will unques-
tionably serve as one of the milestones in the
development of a class conscious American la
Dor movement. No matter what degree of i'm
mediate success will result from the struggle,
the experience the miners have already gained
will be Of the utmost value to them in thezeven
greater struggles ahead
Arrests, imprisonments, fines, frame-ups,
these are the inevitable accomplishments of the
fight. The role of the international Labor De-
tense has become increasingly important.
The mine struggle must receive the contin-
ued support of the working class The build
ing up of spirit of solidarity and sacrifice be-
tween groups and sections of workers is an OBJ
legation which rests especially on the militants.
Amid the multiplicity of calls for relief the in
dlyldual worker often stands dismayed but the
organized and more advanced sections of work
ers will not be discouraged by the growing de-
mands upon them
Support of the Miners Defense Week is a
major task in which every organization and
unit of the Party must participate
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
American Dictatorship

When the New York Times attempts to laugh
off by referring to the Dew telP of the Yer
mont farmer and the ooh Shucks" Of the Kan
sas rangeman the challenge of a French critic
that there is now an American dictatorship,
capitalist, liberal and industrial, the New York
Times fufills its function but convinces no One.'
M. Bernard Fay, who writes in the Paris
Figaro on the presidential nominee Of the re-
publican party concludes in substance that the
"internationalism" of Hoover is a myth; that
he is tried and true imperialist and that his
reputed warm love for Europe" should be
taken with ton of salt; nor will it prevent
him from carrying on "the enormous develop
ment of American resources" which is his
genius to fulfill.
- Against this, of course the New York Times,
chief organ of the American ruling class, pro-
tests vehemently. But it protests too much.
1t is true that certain sections of finance
capital and various powerful banking interests
made gesture of opposition to the nomination
of Hoover Rather few kilograms of congrat-
ulation were sent to him by the Wall Street OPP
orators, fact in striking contrast to the
deluge which was poured over the victorious
Coolidge. The financial journals are tireless in
pointing out that Hoover is surly, sullen, sour,
opinionated, and has bump on himself. All
this, of course, the campaign managers of the
great engineer will utilize for their own inter
ests. Hoover is not the bankers man we are
told because not all of the bankers were for
him.
No one offers the opposition of the farmers
to Hoover as an evidence that democracy was
justified in his choice No one claims that the
working masses of the country are for Hoover,
with the exception of such workers" as John
L. Lewis arch-wrecker of the mine union. It
can be taken as one Of the significant proofs of
the French critics thesis that there is an
American dictatorship capitalist, liberal and
industrial, that the outstanding spokesman of
this dictatorship find it necessary in their at
I tempts to refute the charge to insist merely
on certain insignificant differences between
banking groups.
The real facts are that certain doubts"
about Hoover existed among the banking
groups interested chiefly in industrial capital
The highest strata of finance capital know
their Hoover. Who is so naive today as to be-
lieve that any candidate on one of the old DO.
litical parties can be nominated against the
wish of Morgan, Mellon, Baker and the Rookie
fellers. One might as well try to obtain a
Tammany judgeship without contributing to
the wigwam treasury.
None of this is, of course, new to Commu-
nists When foreign critics speak thus openly
of the American dictatorship it is because they
fear the rising power and oppression of the
western colossus. The American dictatorship
through its Federal Reserve Banking system
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
Capitalists Aided in the DoneN CONSPIRACY

this kharkov center systenaticallv
sabotaged the development Of work
of the Don Basin and inflicted col
ossal damage on the coal industry,
was dragged out of them.
The principal figure in this stage
of the trial was the accused Baranov-
sky, who was leading member Of
the Kharkov center and who, as he
himself stated in concluding his evil
dence, hoping to be pardoned and
enabled to start a new life," made a
clean breast of it.
Describes Meetings
Baranovsky described the meetings
Of the organization at which instruc-
lions received from the examine own
ers abroad, Russian and foreign, were
discussed and plans for carrying
them out laid down. In the early
period, Baranovsky stated, it suited
the plans Of the ex-owners abroad
to have improvements carried out
in the Don Basin. They gave in
structions to the organization ac-
cordingly, which the latter carried
out. Baranovsky at that time was
manager of the Ekaterinov group
of mines, and the order came to him.
He, accordingly, set to work to
carry it out, but, as he himself
stated, he was too jealous" anC
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

improved too much. For that he
was cautioned" by the center and
ordered to ego Slow" and, as he
said, he soon "rectified his mis-
take" and made up for it by com
hitting number of definite acts
Of destruction.
The method adopted at the Khar-
kov center in recent times was de-
liberately to delay tho drafting of
plans Of development. "Procrastina-
ton and red tape was developed
into a SYSTEM" said Baranovsky.
Plans were drawn up, "some of them
positively fantastic" and then dis
cussed at length, amended, again
discussed and redrafted, and so
without end, and when finally they
were sent down to the district man.
ayers. who were in the plot, "they
knew what to do with them"
Anti-Soviet Propaganda
Cross-examined by the prosecu-
ton, Baranovsky admitted that the
aims of the organization were not
purely economic. At the meetings
of the Kharkov center they dis
cussed political questions, such as
methods of anti-Soviet propaganda,
foreign Intervention, the internal
state of the Communist Party, etc.
Brilenko put it to the accused,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

"This organization was a political
organization ?"
IAN economic political organiza-
tion," Baranovsky corrected him.
"But it's ultimate game was the
overthrow of the Soviet State?"
Eyes"
as it true to say that it was a
political counter-revolutionary or
ganization, having contact with for
eign government institutions; that
it was n branch Of foreign capital
ist state organizations ?"
Eyes; in the latter period of its
existence it became foreign sub
sidized organization, operating or
the territory of the U. S. S. R., for
the purpose of definite sabotage in
the event of intervention"
Cash From French Ex-Owners
The manner in which contact
with foreign government organiza-
tions was maintained will be inves-
tigated in camera in a day or two.
At this hearing Baranovsky stated
that sums Of money were received
from the French ex-owners, who
accused presumed, obtained them
from government sources. The ac-
cused stated also that sums of
money were obtained in the form
of "rnnmissions" from German
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

and the Protective began to disin-
tegrate.
Revoke Charters.
The Nolan FITZGERALD machine,
fearing their defeat in the Protec-
tive, preferred to smash the union
by expelling the progressive ele-
ments and revoking the charters of
the district council and four locals.
Not satisfied with expulsion the
Nolan-FitzGerald machine resorted
to the injunction, which is the boss
es' method N breaking unions in or
der to completely destroy the dis
trict council in furthering their rule
or ruin policy. AS a result of this,
the workers Of the shops which the
former district council controlled
sought protection in the movement
to build a union which would be able
to defend the interests of the work.
ers. Several mass meetings were
held which launched the Associated
Shoe and Slipper Workers of Great
er New York
The Boot and Shoe Workers IN
ion tried to enter the situation upon
the invitation of few individuals
who expected that the general office
would spend thousands of dollars to
organize the shoe trade in New
York, but every shoe worker knows
that the Baine-Lovely machine
which is in control of the Boot and
Shoe Workers Union will never
fight in the interests of the work
ers. The Boot and Shoe Workers
Union in New York has remained
just as small, weak and Intellectual
as when it first came here. The shoe
workers keep away from it because
they want an organization whose
policy is to carry on a struggle for
the betterment Of conditions instead
of betrayal to the bosses. They
want workers union instead of a
company union controlled by the
bosses and their agents, the Baine-
Loveley machine.
Various groups of workers com
posed Of different crafts began to
organize themselves separately.
Unity Conference.
Such group which held itself to-
gether as an organized body in one
shop realized that without the unity
of all organized forces, trade union
conditions and standards of the
workers cannot be successfully main
tanned. This group initiated call
| for unity conference which was
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

is in practical control of the finances of the
earth. American gold has just stabilized the
French currency. The Bank of England, nom
inally on gold basis, has been forced to guard
itself against extremity through a borrowing
arrangement with the Federal Reserve System.
The same Federal Reserve System is now en-
gagged in a well-calculated policy of retrench-
ing credit with the known purpose of depress-
ing prices and wage levels within the country
in order to meet the disparity between farm
prices and industrial prices. In this way it
hopes to solve the contradictions between agri-
culture and big business.
All this the American dictatorship does fig
uratively by pressing button in offices center
ing about Wall and Broad Streets. Nor are the
'lesser" things neglected.
When it becomes necessary to jail few
workers agitating against the war in Mica
ragua, the thing is done smoothly and with
precision. The cops jump, the judge wraps up
and hands out a sentence, the jail opens, the
papers report Reds who violate laws and dem
ocracy is justified.
Yes there is an American dictatorship, ruth
less, brazen, drunken with its super-power and
unchallenged brutality.
But there is also a working class
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

firms fer orders placed with them.
The firms mentioned were the AL
gemeine Elektrische Geselschaft,
Eihoff and Knapp, and money was
expected from Siemcns. This money
was transmitted through represen-
tatives of the firms visiting Russial
nr through members of the organ
ization on business visits" to Ger
many.
1t is significant that Prof. Wurms.
counsel for the accused German en-
gineers, in cross-examining Baran-
ovsky, did not .seeksto refute the al
legation that money was paid by
the German firms to the Russian
engineers; he strove to show that
this was merely a Commercial GUS
TOM" . ..
A number of the accused indi-
Gated by Banarovsky's evidence
were confronted with him. Their eff
forts to shake his testimony led to
"scenes" and the president had to
pull them up. Baranovsky remained
mistaken.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
Bethlehem Steel Company Cuts Wages

other mills as being regular "Sim-
on Legree's." In some departments
where the production level was con-
sidered little too low, bosses of
these departments have been dis
charged and replaced by bosses who
are past masters of speeding up
workers and raising production.
"Yellow-Dog."
just recently in the company
owned city, Sparrows Point, Mary
land, the workers living in the
houses were forced to sign new
yellow dog contracts with clauses
such as-that workers families will
be evicted if they allow men or
women in their houses who are
members of union. Another clause
where men or women or members
of the family who have ever been
evicted from Sparrows Point can
not be allowed in company owned
houses to see their friends or it may
even be close relative. No work
er can hold any kind of entertain
ment, social or dance in his house
without consulting the company
Failure to comply with the clauses
Of the contract will be eviction with
in five days. These are typical of
the many methods that are being
conducted by the company to crush
every right of the workers.
With the distribution of 1900 shop
bulletins among the fifteen thou
sand steel workers, we carry to
many of them for the first time the
message Of the Workers (Commu-
MISC Party and the Workers Party
ticFet nominees. They are espe-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
Form New Union

held on May 10Th, 1928. The vari-
Gus shoe workers unions and groups
responded to the call at which the
question of establishing one union
for Greater New York was dis
cussed.
The first question before the con-
ference was 20 unite all groups into
one union in Greater New York.
This question was decided by a
unanimous vote to get together. The
second question was whether this
organization shall be national or To-
cal.
The delegation of the Boot and
Shoe Workers Union attempted to
convince the conference that the
Boot and Shoe is the only national
organization. Their attempt was in
vain, because the delegates repre-
senting the other organizations have
shown that the Boot and Shoe is not
interested. in organizing the unor-
ganized. Its policy is one of con-
scious betrayal of the workers and
it is no better than company I'M
ion. Although the conference voted
to form a local organization they
are ready to join a national organ
ization provided the leadership and
the policies of such an organization
shall be militant and fighting for
the interests of the workers and for
organizing the unorganized.
Important Problems.
The question of national organ
ization was discussed at length. The
Shoe Workers Protective Union as
we'll as the Boot and Shoe have been
considered andit was plainly proven
that neither one has policy which
will protect and organize the shoe
workers. While the Protective had
every opportunity of building a
strong organization it has instead
followed a policy of disruption and
betrayal. The Protective is ma
tional union only in name, being
practically non-existant except in
one city. Thus the question of join
ing any existing national organiza-
ton has been voted down and the
conference voted to stand by local
organization.
The delegation of the Associated
Shoe & Slipper Workers of Greater
New York pledged their full sup
port, even to the extent of complete
ly fusing with the new union.
One Union.
Though the Boot and Shoe delega-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

Formation of new union of shoe
workers, the Independent Shoe
Workers Union of Greater New
York and Vicinity, has been an
nounced following a series of con-
ferences initiated by the Unity Con-
ference of shoe workers. The state
ment of policy and plans for the new
organization follow:
One Union of Shoe Workers for
Greater New York.
The conditions of the shoe work
ers of Greater New York have be-
come so deplorable that they are be-
yond human endurance. Prices and
wages have been constantly reduced,
while at the same time working
hours have increased. The 44-hour
week standard is a thing of the dis
tant past. Because of the long hours
which at times range as high as 20
and rs the army of unemployed is
steadily increasing.
These conditions are the result Of
the failure to mobilize the 10000
shoe workers of Greater New York
into one powerful union. The work
ers were kept divided by the selfish,
reactionary leaders into small petty
craft unions which were concerned
only with their narrow interests.
Bosses Organization.
While the workers were engaged
in a bitter struggle against the
bosses during the year Of 1919, the
American Shoe Workers Protective
Union was organized by the bosses.
This was a company union which the
workers refused to join. The work
ers were, however, forced to join or
lose their jobs, and gradually began
to take an active part in its affairs.
The bosses realizing that they were
losing control over their company
union, first forced strike and sue
ceeded in smashing it through the
aid of their henchmen and stool
pigeons in the union.
When the Shoe Workers Protec-
tive Union made it's attempt to or
ganize the trade in Greater New
York it achieved some success as
long as it relied upon the co-opera-
ton of the workers, but when the
FitzGerald-Nolan machine began tc
apply their reactionary policies OF
explosions and refused to aid in the
struggles against the bosses II
which the district council was in.
volved. the workers lost confidence
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

ton was absent from the second
conference held on June second, a
more important factor in the trade
came in, a group of lasters and
wood-heelers, which has recently
been formed. After this group was
informed of the proceedings of the
previous conference, the delegation
pledged its full support to the new
movement and all indications point
towards the direction that one union
will be established in Greater New
York.
An executive board was chosen to
work out the necessary details and
the drawing up Of constitution for
the newly formed organization. The
results of the conference was pre-
scented at general membership
meeting held on June %, at Lor-
raine Hall, Brooklyn, N. Y. A name
for the new organization was unani-
mously chosen at this meeting. The
new union is to be known as the
Independent Shoe Workers Union
of Greater New York & Vicinity.
Constructive plans were mapped
out, among which was the issuing of
new books to begin July 10th and
by that date all members of the diff
ferent groups are to pay up their
dues. Arrangements for a picnic to
raise funds for organization work to
be held on July % at Hause's Park
& Casino in Astoria, L. l. was re-
ported on and received with accla-
nation by those comprising the
newly formed organization.
All Workers Invited.
The headquarters Of the union
will be located temporarily at 81 E.
10th St., N. Y. c. All shoe workers
of Greater New York are invited to
call at the office and file applica:
lions with the new organization.
With united forces, build one I'M
ion for shoe workers Of Greater New
York.
Stop the bosses from imposing
slave conditions in the factories!
Build one powerful union to raise
wages and improve working condi-
tons in every shoe factory in Great
err New York!
Join the Independent Shoe Work.
ers' Union of Greater New York!
Unity Conference of Shoe Workers
of Greater New York.
l. Kaplan, chairman.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

(Altho the DOnetz trial is over,
The DAILY WORKER publishes
this article on the court proceedings
because Of the tremendous inn
portance of the revelations which
clearly indicate the existence of
an imperialist sabotage plot. Evil
dence presented at the trial clearly
proved that foreign official as well
as business firms joined with the
former Czarist owners of the
Donetz mines in conspiracy to
wreck the coal industry OF the
Soviet Union.)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11

cially enthusiastic over the de-
mands to organize into real work
ers' union for our demands. The
exploited Negro workers here in
sunny Sparrows Point, Maryland.
are elated when they see in our bull
letin demands set up for the aboli.
ton of Jim Crowism, better wages.
conditions and less hours for the
Negro workers. They take on new
hopes when they run across the de-
mand for organization of the Negro
and white workers into one union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
[Ry a Worker Correspondence

(by orker Correspondent
SPARROWS POINT, Md. (By
MaiD Soon another edition of the
"Sparrows Point Worker" will be
issued; a shop bulletin edited by
the militant steel workers of the
Workers (Communist) Party work
ing in the Bethlehem Steel Com
pany located at Sparrows Point,
Nd.
Our shop bulletin appears just at
a time when the Bethlehem Steel
Company is waging mighty cam
paign of wage cutting, speed-up and
slave driving tactics against these
unorganized steel workers. The
steel workers interests are COM
pletely disregarded by the bosses.
Many workers who never dreamed
that the bosses would exercise such
absolute methods see the real color
Of things and feel the urgent nee
essity of organizing into unions.
Wage Cuts.
The order of the day in the Beth
lehem Steel Company are wage cuts
ranging from ten to fifty per cent
on top Of the already extremely low
wages. New speed-up machinery is
being introduced in every depart
ment accompanied by the discharg-
ing of many steel workers who are
being displaced by modern machines
recurring less men. In cases where
foremen or superintendent have
been showing signs of being in the
human race or who appeared to be
friendly to a group Of workers, have
been replaced by other bosses who
have established renutnt'n7 r
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
Begin Last Search
For Lost Amundsen

KINGS BAY, Spitzbergen, July 10
tuP).-The last search for Raold
Amundsen, discoverer of the South
Pole, who has been missing with
five companions since June is, be-
gan today when three ships started
twelve-day cruise of Arctic waters.
II no trace of the explorer is
found by July 21, it was announced.
he would be definitely given up as
lost and rescue efforts abandoned
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1928-07-11
NEW AIR MAIL ROUTE

WASHINGTON, July 10.-An air
mail route may be. established be-
tween Louisville, KY, and Dallas.
Texas, with stops at Memphis, Nash
VILE, and Little Rock, the Post
Office Department announced TODAY.
a survey Of the route has been or.
dered.