Evening star., 1928-12-15
BOLIVIA THREATENS
TO TAKE Up ARMS
IN REPLY TOLEAGUE
military Measures" Prom
iSed if "SatiSfaCtion" From
Paraguay Not Forthcoming.
AGGRESSION is CHARGED
IN ATTACK ON GARRISON
Articles 10 and Is of League Cove
nant Specifically Violated, Cable
gram to BRAND Says.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LA PAZ, Bolivia. December 15.-The
Bolivian reply to the League of Nations
was made public today 1t said that
Paraguay had been guilty of aggression
in attacking a small Bolivian garrison
with superior numbers, killing 20 SOL
dierS end officers and taking the re-
naming members of the garrison pris-
oners after setting fire to the living
quarters. The reply continued:
Paraguay had agreed with Bolivia
to submit all differences regarding the
zone of demarkation to arbitration and
to submit to the peaceful solution of all
differences. Despite this agreement and
in an inexcusable and surprising man
ner, Paraguay breaking articles 10 and
13 of the covenant of the League of
Nations, committed the aggression
which we denounce solemnly to the
Council"
Military Measures Threatened.
The reply then said that the only
duty left to Bolivia was to exact salts
faction, and in case satisfaction was
not Forthcoming to take such military
measures as might be necessary to pre-
serve and defend Bolivia's security. 1t
charged that Paraguay had concen-
trated forces in the vicinity and was
assembling its general staff in the
neighborhood of the frontier. The note
said that 1t was logical to expect that
n1o
Bolivian government should be prepared
for such clashes.
The note added that as long as Para
quay refused to satisfy the reparationS
she owes" it would not be possible for
the Bolivian government to enter peace
full negotiations.
Dispatches from towns all over
Bolivia today indicated that people
everywhere were ready to respond If the
government issued a call to the colorS.
Offers of every description continued to
reach the government showing that
Boliyians were united in the present
crisis and apparently eager to fight II
necessary.
Students Demand to Serve.
Students of the National University
formed a battalion and demanded that
they be placed to the fore in the gov
eminent forces if the call to war were
sounded. The Federation of Chauffeurs
in the city of Cochabamba not only Of
fered their vehicles but also volunteered
their personal services in the region of
Chaco Boreal, which is in dispute with
Paraguay
So far the government has not incor-
porated any volunteers in the army, re-
plying to all offers that for the present
they are unnecessary.
kilograms continued to come from
different municipalities announcing
their support of the policy that Presi-
dent Siles has adopted
University students sent a note to
all universities in South America claim
ing that what they term the outrage
against Bolivia by Paraguay was also
an outrage against the whole of
America.
Foreign Minister BRAND of France as
president of the Council received a
cablegram from the Bolivian government
saying that Paraguay's action was an
infraction of articles 10 and 13 of the
League covenant. League officials said
that it was not clear whether Bolivia in
tended the message as a formal appeal
for League intervention under articles
10 and I3.
Article 10 of the League covenant
reads:
THE members of the League under
take to respect and preserve as against
external aggression the territorial in
tegrity and existing political indepen-
dence of all members of the League. In
case of any such aggression or in case
of any threat or danger of such ag-
gression the Council shall devise upon
1@xx - @1~1f s1,N
shall be fulfilled"
Helped Keep u. S. Out.
This article is one reason why the
United States never joined the League.
1t has been interpreted by many coun-
Ties as requiring members of the League
to contribute military assistance. Seven
years ago the League Assembly decided,
however, that the parliamentS of the
various countries must decide in each
particular case whether they wanted
to give military help to the League.
This Interpretation is now generally
accepted and was referred to by Sec
retary Kellogg in one of his communi-
cations to Foreign Minister BRAND dur
ing their negotiations for the pact re-
nouncing war.
Article 13 declares that members oi
the League agree that whenever any
dispute arises between tnem winch Iney
recognize to be suitable for submis-
sion to arbitration or judicial settle
ment and which cannot be satisfactorily
settled by diplomacy they will submit
the whole matter to arbitration or
judicial settlement. An amendment II
this article which came into force ir
1924 says that for the settlement OF
any such dispute the court to which
such a case shall be referred is thu
Permanent Court of Internationa
Justice, or any tribunal agreed upor
by the parties concerned.