davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Dry popple wood cut in
stove wood lengths. V. l.. Bur
CESS. II tt.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

THE XMAS GIFT Supreme-tFor the
whole family-Year round enjoy
-. ment-Payments spread over"the
following year If desired. Gam
BILE, Stores. st. Cloud.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Boys' large coaster
sled. practically new. Inquire of
Mrs. Asa M. Wallace, sol S. Main
street. Phone ia. 1928 oh
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Gold Bank Bronze
turkeys, weigh % to rs pounds.
$1,000. o. r. Julson, Hoboken
Hill, Sank Centre. 27-28 pd.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

DANCE-Gene's barn Tuesday, Dec.
IS. Chicago Chocolate Ramblers
colored Jazz orchestra. pd
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13
MISCELLANEOUS

WANTED TO TRADE-Can use
some good horses on tractors. c.
d. Marshall. . % If.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Ford Sedan, 1922 mod
ell in good condition; priced low
for quick sale. Phillip Bailey,
Charles Miller farm, miles south
of Sank Centre, County Highway
X. 1928 pd.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13
LOST AND FOUND

LOST-Brand new horse blanket.
Leave at Herald office for 81 90
reward. pd.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Victor lock safe, size
18x18x29; also gas lantern, good
as new. Phone 357 M. 27-28 pd
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Very cheap. Radiator
cover for Dodge car; just the
thing. for extremely cold wealth
er. Mrs. A. M. Wallace, sol, s.
Main street. Phone ia. 2S-29dh
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

ply of 25, 26 and 81 models Chew
rolet radiator shutters on hand.
will sell for 500 discount while
they last Main Street Chevrolet
Co. 81 If
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-One five H. p. G.. E.
220V motor, with base. Some
hangers, shafting and .pulleys.
City Steam Laundry. 28tf
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

LEFT at Klar Garage, mans over
coat, with fur collar. Owner can
have same by Identifying same
and paying for this notice. $3.50
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

TAKEN UP-Came to my farm some
weeks ago, calf. Owner can have
same by proving property and
mile east of Sank Centre. 28-3Opd
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOUND-Large mechanics hammer
near Raymond Bros. office. Own
er may have same by calling at
SLIT Ave S., st. Cloud and pay
for adv. A. D. limbaugh. pd
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Pure extracted honey
12c per lb. s, 10 and go pound
cans. o. S. Cass. Sank Centre,
MINI. 20 8 w pd
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Three radio sets COM
plete. Cheap. Main Street Chevro-
let Co. 26tf.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

Win tnI8 OH1Ces tt8tc8 he per
word. No ad accepted for less
than Csc. All ads must be I'm
before Wednesday noon or
held over until the following
week.
FOR SALE
FOR SALE Edging's make good
kindling wood. bundles for 81.
Steiner Lbr. C0.-10tf
FOR SALE-Six room modern bung-
allow, on 223 Willow street. For
Information call or write Leon
Veeder, 28-17 Ave So. ST. Cloud,
MINI. 22tf
FOR SALE-A bargain to clean up.
500 sheets 8hx11 Fabric Bond"
linen finish paper for $1.25. Only
not recorder. Herald office.
FOR REGISTERED Holstein bulls
with the right kind of breeding
see Monarchial Stock Farm. Jen-
nissen Bros. Sank Centre, Mimi.
2526-2728.
FOR SALE-Gold Bank Bronze
turkeys, weigh % to rs pounds.
$1,000 o. R. Julson, Hoboken
Hill. Sank Centre. 27-2S pd.
FOR IsALE-victor lock safe, size
18x18x29; also gas lantern, good
as new. Phone 357 M. 27-28 pd
FOR SALE-Ford Sedan, 1922 mod
ell in good condition.; priced low
for quick sale. Phillip Bailey,
Charles Miller farm. miles south
of Sank Centre, County Highway
X. 1928 pd.
FOR SALE-Three radio sets com
plete. Cheap. Main Street Chevro-
let Co. 26tf.
FOR SALE-We have a limited sup
ply of 25, rs and 81 models Chew
rolet radiator shutters on hand d..
Will sell for 50% discount while
they last Main Street Chevrolet
Co. ~ tt
FOR SALE-Dry popple wood cut in
stove wood lengths: v. L. Bur
CESS. 81 If.
FOR SALE-Boys' large coaster
sled. practically new. Inquire OF
street. Phone ia. 1928 oh
FOR SALE-Very cheap. Radiator
cover for Dodge car; just the
thing. for extremely cold wealth.
er. Mrs. A. M. Wallace, sol, S
Main street. Phone la. 28-29dt
FOR SALE-One five H. p. G. E
220V motor, with base. Some
hangers, shafting and .pulleys
City Steam Laundry. 28tf
FOR SALE-Pure extracted honey
12c per lb. s, 10 and so pound
cans. o. S. Cass. Sank Centre
MINI. 20 w pd
FOR SALE-Stove wood, green
$500 triple box load. Inquire
Henry Scheer, Hoboken. pd
WHAT about poor dad? He hasn't
had a real Xmas thrill in years
Just the same old pair Of socks
There's something different fol
him at Gamble Stores. St. Cloud.
THE XMAS GIFT Supreme-For the
whole family-Year round enjoy
ment-Payments spread over the
following year If desired. Gam
BILE Stores. st. Cloud.
Ask for free demonstration in your
own home Of new Dynamic Speak
<er. Light socket radio. Console
models $137.50 to $167.50. Trade
in your monograph or used rad.
IN 81n dnwn navmant-ha1anoe
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOR SALE-Stove wood, green
$500 triple box load. Inquire
Henry Scheer, Hoboken. pd
WHAT about poor dad? He hasn't
had a real Xmas thrill in years
Just the same old pair of socks.
There's something different for
him at Gamble Stores. St. Cloud.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

FOUND-On Fourth street, Sank
Centre, Saturday afternoon, rug
used to cover radiator. Call at
Herald, prove property, and pay
% cents for this notice. %
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1928-12-13

C. A. Williams, of Minneapolis,
visited with Mr.. and Mrs. B. F.
Ives Tuesday evening.
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

A re ally phenomenal S4 value! Fine steel ad- @ unstable blade; trip release; finely finished.
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

tomorrow Albren. Inc. Credit Jew elrs, will open their beautiful new store at 2ss Main street. in the new Leonard building.
 Albert A. Aaron, secretary of the corporation, said that he expected the New Britain store would soon take its place as one of the best stores Tn the chain The store pro- vldes four private offices for the use
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

of patrons opening accounts, thus assuring absolutely confidential deat- inga In addition. registered optometrist will be in constant at- tendance and eye glasses win be sold on easy payments.
 Several notable features have been arranged for opening day, chief among them being the dis,ri- hutton Of free tickets to the Strand
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12
ORDER EVACUATION

Tokyo, Oct. 12.-tR-Evacuatior of 5000 Japanese troops. mainly reservists of the third division, from
 ghantung Province, China was or. dered today. Tho withdrawal will be. gin late in October and will be com pleted about the middle of Novem- Der. The division then will be re- organized on a peace basis.
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12
Auto Clubs of Europe
 lsguo New Road Man

Wasatneten. Oct l1 A-The arst compsess automobile touring maps or Europe have been iasued at Partn by tho International Association of rerosni1ed Automobile Cluhs, H. 0. Kelly, United States trade commts- Aoner there. informs the department
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

or commerce.
 The new maps arc expected to stvs an impetus to touring in Europe Whsrs heretoforS there have not been available dstailsd charts of the principal international highways. The maps wers complied with the assistance of experienced motorists, government authorities and skilled caFtesFsphers tn all countries of
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12
Albren, Inc, Credit
 JeWelers Omen Here

The rapidly increasing importance of New Britain's downtown district has won recognition from another large chain store organization and
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

theater to all adults who visit the store. regardless of whether they buy or not. Handsome souvenirs for men and women have also bees provided to sell at 2 cent each.
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12
Inner Tubes

High grade, no reclaimed rubber used. Sizes 90" X 32", &1 g" X 4.4O". VI
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

Europe. It is planned to keep these maps up to date by annual revision.
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

days to live bsea,iss sf tho -. sscs og dread yellow fever. IAsrrjc1 '. H. Feyronin so ths young n.ss ssuil be with her 10 the end. N0ccatiy, Mr. aud Mrs E, E. I.vyroasn c..I.,- hrated their golden wedding anni- versary, the diagnosis having been somewhat erroneous.
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12
THREE DAYS FIFTY YEARS

New Orleans, La, oct. r. (UP)- Fifty years ago Marie Felicie. ls, told by physicians she had but ,
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

READ HERALD Cr.AxssFlEO Aps
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12
Chld ldren's Weaxite' Mercsrixed Hose

Fine quality, strong sturdy hose, in Ill the colors children 0e. wear. poif 40V
New Britain herald., 1928-10-12

16 inch oval shade, A- richly trimmed, in a choice of colors.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
SUES IN
HOUSE DEAL
Times staff Photos

Charging that latent defects have
developed In a house since they
purchased 1t. Armstead Coleman and
his wife. Agatha Coleman, brought
suit in Equity Court to cancel tbs
deed of trust under which the
house was bought and for reirn-
bursement Of payments already
made on the property.
The petition filed by Attorneys
r. Joseph Donohus and Robert +.
J. Whalon. alleges that the roof
leaked during the recent rains and
ruined the furniture of the plain
tiffs and their infant daughter
health was impaired because of the
dampness.
Meyer and Betty Rosenberg, 1000
block of Fourteenth ST.; Able Rosen.
berg, 400 block of Seventh st. s.
W., and Louis Rosenberg, $500
block of Seventh st. n. W.. are
named defendants in the suit.
They are declared to be trustees
under the two deeds OF trust given
In part payment of the house. The
house was represented to be Of good
construction and rainproof at the
time of the purchase. according to
the petition. but that. although 1t
has only been occupied for sia
months, the ceiling of one room ras
already crumbled because of the
leaky roof. The property Is located
In the 1900 block of Montello Ave.
n. sE.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
RSN)N
FROM MD.
TO D. {.
CITED

The mysterious diversion O1
5000 gallons Of alcohol, valued
at $4,000 and alleged to have
slipped into the hands of boot
leggers, caused the first rum
blings of a new scandal in the
Prohibition Enforcement Serv
ice today.
Six storekeeper.gaugers operating
out Of Baltimore. have been slia-
pended from the serYiee aa the result
of disclosures about the diversion
which took place al the plant of the
United States Industrial Alcohol
Company at Curtis Bay, Md some
time ago.
ID. C. Gels Share, Report
Inspectors have been working OH
the case for weekc, and are convinced
it Is said that the bootIeggers in and
around Washington are the beue-
ficiaries of the haul.
The trail OF some Of the booty
already has been found, Ii 1s said,
and some sensational revelations
about the grip that the bootIegging
industry has DftalAed on eer tain
agents OF the Prohibition service are
in prospect.
Announcement OF the SUSPENSION
OF the gauges, WHo are charged
with gross negligence. was made
today by Prohibition Enforcement
Commissioner Doran. Tire men
are 4ig c. Snuroe j. F reS
erick, S. @. Mclean C W. spence.
n. Cullinson, and ~ Il Wolfe.
Col D. f. r. Herbert. protaibi.
ton administra in Baltimore WAS
responsible for the suspension of
the six men.
They have been promised hesar-
ing inside of the next 10 days.
At this time IT will be determined
whether the suspension viii be
changed to more serious charge
and whether other officials are in
volved.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
j I HI I IFS
AWAITING
OPINION

Corporation Counsel w. w.
Bride will today advise the
Public Utilities Commission it
il can legally refuse to grant
higher street car fares.
The commissions action on the
Capital Traction Company's petition
for higher fares for both companies
hangs on Brides opinion.
The commission last week asked
Bride if it has the legal right to
turn down higher fares provided the
companies failed to show the urgent
necessity of more revenue. The
wording of this request indicated
that the commission felt the COM
panies had failed to show any
urgent necessity" but was doubtful
OF its authority to refuse higher
fares in the face. of the Capital
Traction Company's $26,0O0,0OO val
uation.
The situation which brought
about this complicated legal tangle
Is this:
When the fare hearings opened
the Capital Traction Company based
sts plea for higher fares on, the con-
NeHl1OH JudI II was III uEECuL h0cu
OF more revenue to protect its divi-
dend payments and credit. BY waiv-
ing valuation as basis for its claim
the company hoped to avoid the de-
lays which would result from new
valuation of its property.
But Peoples Counsel Ralph 3.
Fleharty refuted the company's
poverty claims by showing that it
is in good financial condition. with
a huge surplus and we'll able 20
stand the present rate of fare until
after Congress has settled the pro
posed merger.
Seeing that Fleharty had evil
IDENTIFY convinced the commission
that its plea of poverty was. not
well founded the company at the
last minute switched to valuation as
the basis OF its claim for higher
fares.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
Entire Family Asks
Court to Change
Its Name

An entire family has asked the
District Supreme Court to change
its name.
Max Aronowsky, his two minor
sons, Irving Arthur Aronowsky
and Philip Aronowsky, together
with Daniel Aronowsky. of the
1900 block California ST.. asked
that hereafter they be called by
the surname of Arnold.
The petition relates that the
two boys are now attending school
at George Washington University
and that when they engage in
professions after graduation their
present names will be hard and
difficult to pronounce and that
the latter will be more convenient.
Attorney Louis B. Arnold filed
the petition.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
KILLER
HAPPIER
IN JAIL.

Life in the District Jail is
kind to Franklin E. Smith, the
half-blind night Waterman, ac-
cused Of staying his 19-year-
old daughter, Elizabeth.
He seemed in better spirits at
the Jail today than he did the day
when a coroner's jury, at SEN
sational inquest, ordered him held
for the Grand Jury in connection
with the crime.
Refuses To Talk
Smith has not yet retained legal
counsel, but expects TO do so within
the week. Until he has conferred
with an attorney, he said, he will
not add to discussion of the case.
II don't see that there's anything
much left for me to say, he smiled.
II made my confession to the police
and the newspapers have been full
of the story.
my wife's all broken up over it,
and she doesn't want any more
publicity. and neither do !.
don't blame you newspaper men Tor
trying to get what you can-thats
your business.
Sanity Test Not Ready
He declined to comment on .
current rumor that he was pre-
pairing to plead guilty to second
degree murder.
Assistant District Attorney Will
liam H.. Collins, in charge of the
case for the Government, emphati.
cally stated today that he would
not accept such plea, if the
Grand Jury should return an in
dictment charging Smith with MUIR
der in the first degree.
DIR. d. Percy Hickling, District
alienist, has not completed his re-
port on the mental condition of the
prisoner. 1t is doubtful whether
his finding will be made public in
advance of the trial.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
8 POLICY RAIDS
NET s MEN

Six colored persons were arrested
in three raids staged last night and
today. on places in which alleged
lotteries were being conducted.
The raids were conducted by
Sergt. Oscar J. Letterman. head of
police vice squad, and three mem.
bers of his unit.
Early today Sergeant Letterman
and his men swooped down on a
house in the 700 block of T st.
\. w, arrested William Washing
ton, 43, and William Hutchinson, 10,
and seized number of policy
slips" the squad reported.
Three Last Night
Quickly crossing the city another
raid was staged on premises in
the 1000 block of Twenty-sixth st.
n. W., where Mary Allen Fillmore,
Il, was arrested and a number of
policy slips" confiscated.
Three of the six arrests were made
In a raid last night on a house in the
900 block Of Eighteenth Street
Northwest. John Dykes. 81; James
=. Barnwell. a.. and Clarence F..
Harrison, %, were arrested.
All Of the prisoners were taken To
the First precinct. where they were
booked on charges of violating Sec
ton $50 of the District Code, which.
in the layman's language, means
running a lottery.
Will Keep 1t Up
Dykes, Barnwell and Harrison lost
no time in arranging bond of 81 900
each and are now at liberty pend.
ing arraignment, in company with
Washington, Hutchinson and the
Fillmore woman, in Police Court to-
morrow.
Sergeant Letterman told reporters
the raids were being made in am eff.
fort TO stamp out the practice OF
gambling on clearing house receipts.
This mode of gambling is just be.
ginning to intrench itself in this city
and the sergeant hopes by consistent
raidiDg TO drive ii out Of business
before IL gains foothold.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
Boy, Ii, Is Held in Theft
Of WOman's Automobile

In the House of DeteGtion is a 49,
year-old boy. David Driffon. of the
700 block of 7 Sc. n. f.. who is
charged with taking an automobile
belonging TO Viola Weaver, OF the
300 block Of r St. \. F..
Young Driffon left his playmaies
on Monday night. with whom he
had been playing at the Hines Junior
High School. The boy refused to
tell police where he got the automo-
bile
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
JASPER LEGION POST

The Sergeant Jasper Post No. 10,
Of the American Legion. will meet
in the Thomas Circle Club, 1926
Massachusetts Ave. n. w, at $50
o'clock tonight.
Homes In all sections Of Washington
are listed for sale In tOday's Classified
Ads.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
Missionary House.
Dedicated by Bishop

Designed for service as the meet.
inc place for missionaries and dele
gates to the trienniai Episcopal
convention. to be held here October
10, Missionary House, f7f9 St.
n. W., has beer dedicated py the
Right Rev. James q, Freeman.
bishop of Washington.
The woman's auxiliary nf tire
Diocese of washington will conduct
Missionary House" during the ri
ennial. plans for which are now
nearly complete.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
K. OF C. LECTURE

Judge John A. Davis viii give an
illustrated lecture. How to Find
the Law" to students of the
knights of Columbus Law School
Friday evening.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03

Howe. of New York, and her age.
as SO. The third said she was Miss.
Virginia Frederix. of Washington,
and that she was IS.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
CITIZENS TO MEET

A meeting OF the Federation of
Citizens Associations will be held
in the board room of the Municipal
Building Saturday night at o'clock.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03
3 D. c. Women Start
Long Man-Hunt

''Ay kingdom for husband with $10,000!'
That undoubtedly would be the slogan of Miss Helen DAVIS
Washington blonde, if she queen. She, with two
other women, her way today to Los Angeles
crosscountry automobile trip in search of mate
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1928-10-03

men she was 80. and others she
was SO. At any rate; she is much
more flapperish in appearance than
her two companions. Before ire
three women left here yesterday. one
of them gave her name as Anne
Imperial Valley press., 1928-05-03
FIRST CARLOAD
OF CANTAL0UPES
LEAVES TONIGHT

For the first time in the history
of the cantaloupe industry, accord
ing to local growers, the south end
has beaten the north end for first
shipment of a carload of canta-
loupes, pooled car being due to
leave tonight by express for New
York
The pooled car is being shipped
by Fred K. Bright Company, with
the VIII $. Fawcett Company,
Joseph Gentle Company and Palm
er Brothers contributing to make
up n carload.
Departure of the car tonight will
beat last years record by severar
days. first shipment last year being
made on May 9.
Cantaloupes making up the car
load were grown in the Mt. Signal
district, which is rapidly forging
to the front as an early producing
section. The fruit was exceptional
ly we'll developed and is expected to
bring fancy price:
South end growers were elated
over the departure of the car, there
by breaking the lengthy string of
.'firstsD by the northenders.
Imperial Valley press., 1928-05-03
Clubs Concert
Next Wednesday

Music of all types will feature the
closing concert of the Imperial
Singers and the Lyric Club. to be
given under the direction of John
G. Canton on Wednesday evening
next at the Wilson school auditor
ium. The two choruses, one com
posed of men and the other of wom-
en-. will be heard in separate selee-
.tions and in ensemble numbers.
The opening selection by the com.
bined chorus will be the Triumphal
March from the opera "Aida.'
In addition to the double chorus
numbers, each club will give SeV-
raj selections alone, and Mr.. Gan
ton will be heard as soloist of the
,vening. \ mixed octette will also
ldd variety to the program, further
lctails of which will be announced
IN later issue of the Press.
The public is urged to keep the
date open. as the concert will not
rnlv be "A fine musical event, but is
worthy of the support of the public
rs community project.
Imperial Valley press., 1928-05-03
FINAL ARGUMENTS
In JULIAN OIL
CASE CONTINUE
Ry United Press Leased wire

LOS ANGELES, May 3,-Stato
prosecutors continued final argu.
ncnts in the Julian Petroleum Cor
poration over-isSue trial here today
Deputy District Attorney Van
C,tt closed his argument against
the seven financiers charged with
conspiracy to wreck the oil com
p; ny and Deputy Richardson began
reviewing evidence presented since
the start Of the trial January ..
Defense attorneys will follow
Richardson.
The first Julian suit in which
banks were named was filed today
hv A. j. Goss who seeks the return
ot $2975 he paid for alleged spurious
Julian stock.
f.. II. Ncwland, broker, the
stock exchange and the First Doe
Bank and the First Doe Securities
Company were named defendants.
Goss said in his complaint that
the bank and security company re-
cOmmen;- d the STOCK to him and he
asked permission to supply the
correct names of the institutions
before the case went to- trial.