davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
COLORADO Mine
WORKERS SCORE

DENVER, Dec. 20.-The miners
drew first blood in the hearing be-
fore the Industrial Commission this
morning when their demand that the
operators be required to present GER
titled copies of the payroll, income
tax statements and tax assessors
statements, was granted by the Com
mission.
c. F. & l. Lawyer Gets Busy.
Fred Farrar, chief counsel for the
C. F. & l., who previously stated that
he was not present as an attorney
but as an observer, injected himself
into the proceedings at that point and
declared that the C. F. & /. would
never agree. to bring in its income re-
port The commission granted the op-
orators 80 days to submit the docu-
ments; meanwhile the taking of tes-
timony will proceed.
Jail Relief Committee Chairman.
A caravan of fifty cars on the way
to Valdez, 18 miles from Trinidad,
was turned back by the state police
Sunday and two men were arrested.
j. B. Childs, formerly chairman of the
strike relief, rushed from Walsenburg
to Denver Saturday, after being re-
leased from Walsenburg jail, and was
re-arrested within two hours.
Althoug gh from Saturday until to-
day he was kept closely confined in a
cell, this morning he was arraigned
in police court on a charge of va
grancy and sentenced to 80 days. The
case will be appealed.
Santa Claus will visit 5000 children
in the northern fields and $50 in the
Colorado Springs district as friends
of the strikers plan Christmas par
ties, but funds are badly needed for
5000 southern children, who will have
no Christmas unless money comes
from outside the state.
(Comtinued on Page Twol
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
Degree of Culpability."

WASHINGTON, D. c., Dec. 90
While the last six men alive in the
wrecked submarine S-4 are still gasp
ing away their lives, a naval post
mortem has already been started. The
navy department reports that board
of inquiry has been appointed to de-
fine the degree of culpability of the
submarine commander, the COM
mander of the tender Wandank, nor
mally in charge of the safety of the
submarine from collisions, but absent
from the course during the fatal trip
Of the Sd, or the guilt of any su-
perior officer who might by giving
wrong orders, have brought about the
destruction of the ship and her crew.
Naval court martials almost never
convict a high-ranking officer. The
fault in case of wreck is invariably
laid on the shoulders of some sub
ordinate.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
Two Children Die When
Fire Burns Home Over
lnflannmable Factory

LARCHMONT, N. Y, Dec. 20. -
While their parents were visiting
neighbors last night, two colored
children were burned to death in
their home at 606 Fifth Avenue,
here. The victims were Julian
Harris, 5, and Doris Harris, 2, son
and daughter of Mr.. and Mrs.
Claude Harris.
The first floor of the building
was used as an upholstery shop,
and the inflammable material
stored there added to the rapidity
with which the flames spread.
Overcrowding and high rents in
the part Of town to which social
pressure confines the Negro resi-
dents as responsible for the dam
gerous location of the Harris home.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
So Crew TAPS
CROW WEAKER

BOSTON, Mass, Dec. 20.-After
thirty-six hours of fussing around the
submerged S-4 with divers, lines and
paraphernalia with which she might
have been raised if the sea were not
so heavy, it has occurred to Rear Ad-
miral Frank Brumby in charge of res
cue work to try and introduce oxygen,
food, and soda-lime into the i'm
prisoned mems compartment through
the forward torpedo tubes of the sub
marine.
A diver reports that the tube is
full of mud, but half a days work
will clear it. 1t is doubtful whether
the men within will live that long, as
their last messages tell of exhaustion
of air, and the tapping they make has
become very weak.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
SENTIMENT FOR
GENERAL Miner
STRIKE CROWS
Locals in Pennsylvania
Pass Resolutions
BY AMY SCHECHTER.


CRESSON, Pa, Dec. 20.-Today the
first attempt was made by the Com
pany to start scab operations here.
The United Mine Workers local
passed unanimously the general coal
strike resolution being circulated
throughout district two by the Port
gage local.
The resolution was also adopted
unanimously or by large majority
at Galitzin, Liley, Nantyglo, Rossiter
and many other locals. The senti-
ment for immediate militant action is
strong and is steadily growing in Dis
trict 2.
Criticize Officials.
The rank and file are becoming in
creasingly aware of the gulf between
their own fighting spirit and the alb
ject policy of the official leaders.
There is wide comment on the coal
operators refusal to confer with the
union and criticism of the Lewis
machine for going to strikebreaker
Coolidge for strike settlement. The
Continued on Page Taoo),
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
Bosses Will Settle
With Window Union

Information has been received by
The DAILY WORKER that the four
teen weeks strike of the Window
Cleaners Protective Union will in all
probability be settled in the course
of the next 48 hours.
After six-hour conference between
the employers association and the
union yesterday it was evident that
the bosses were in mood to settle.
Company Union Issue.
The issue of the company union in
the industry broke up the conference
a week ago. though the employers
had previously agreed to meet all de-
mands of the union. Other demands
made by the workers are $45 week,
recognition of the union, nc discrim-
ination against any union member or
official by the employers association,
44-hour week.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
CARRILLO, MRS.
GRECO TESTIFY

Donate Carrillo late yesterday took
the stand in his own defense in Bronx
County court where he and Calogero
Greco, are on trial on framed-up
charges of murder. Carrillo's testi-
mony containing much colorful detail,
especially regarding his activities
Decoration Day, when Carisi and
Amorroso, fascists, were murdered at
183rd st. and Third Ave.
Eight witnesses in all had taken
the stand to support Greco's alibi de-
fense. Yesterday afternoon Clarence
Darrow and Arthur Garfield Hays,
defense counsel, called a number of
witnesses who unhesitatingly told of
seeing Carrillo on the morning of
Decoration Day in the vicinity of his
home.
CarrillO's Early Life.
Bernard Cohn testified that Carrillo
little after a. m. Decoration Day
purchased candy and newspaper at
his confectionery store near Carrillo's
former home.
Cohn was followed by Pietro Bar
one, tailor, who said he met Carrillo
at 72nd st. and Riverside Drive early
in the afternoon of Decoration Day.
Carrillo had followed the parade
from 45th st. to that point, where
the fascists were scheduled to assem-
ble
Carrillo, who sometimes needed an
interpreter when the questions of the
district attorney became deliberately
involved, told of his early days on his
fathers farm in Italy. He arrived
in the United States in 1913, For two
years he worked for the Norfolk R.
R. at Roanoke, Va, he testified. He
returned to Italy to join the army in
1915, he said, because he was under
the impression that his country was
fighting for liberty" He added he
found he was mistaken"
Tells of Arrest.
Carrillo returned to America in
1918 and learned the clothing workers
trade at which he now works, he tes-
titled.
Henderson's cross-examination last
ed about 40 minutes and concerned
itself largely with a statement al
legged to have been taken by District
Attorney Mcclellan in the High
bridge police station, Bronx, the night
Carrillo' and Greco were arrested,
July II. Carrillo Indignantly denied
many portions of the Statement" de-
claring no interpreter was present at
the time and that the document was
not read back to him before he signed
1t. Judge Cohn sustained the objec-
ton OF uefense counsel.
Mrs. Vita Greco, so year old mother
of Calogero Greco took the witness
stand yesterday morning.
The entire courtroom, from Judge
Cohn and Clarence Darrow down, were
visibly touched by the testimony of
the aged woman. Assisted by court
interpreter, Mrs. Greco, in answer to
questions from Arthur Garfield Hays,
defense attorney, said that she pre-
Continued on Page Five)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
TAxI-FRAMEUP
CASE WEAkENS

Especial to The DAILY WORK Err
JERSEY CITY, Dec. 20.-Harold
Meltzer, Is, on trial before Judge
Kinkead charged with killing George
Evans, alias Peanuts" a strike
breaker, during the taxi strike in
West New York last April, took the
stand in his own defense late this
afternoon.
The youth denied having killed
Evans and stated that he never saw
Henry Allan Dodge, Evans guard
on the taxi he was driving when
killed, until he was brot to the Hud-
son County Jail to be picked from a
lineup shortly after his arrest.
Covered With Blood
81 was put in lineup of Is men,"
stated Meltzer. "At first Dodge said
he could not identify me but those in
charge urged him to continue. | was
compelled to wear my hat which
was covered with blood from the
beating l received when arrested.
"Ewans passed me twice in the
lineup and then stated: 4 think this
is him."
The defendant stated that at the
time of Evans murder he was home
with his mother, sister and brothers
due to his niece's illness.
Meltzer also told of his arrest
"When asked why / was arrested"
he said, II was answered with a
wallop on the head"
The defendants mother preceded
him on the stand and told of his
being home on the night of the muir
der.
Many Workers Attend.
The trial has created a great deal
of interest in this city and adjoining
towns.
The court is crowded with workers,
many of them obviously taxi drivers
who are dressed in their working
clothes.
Meltzer was still on the stand when
Nourt was adjourned until tomorrow
morning.
JERSEY CITY, N. j., Dec. 90
Evans was killed while driving a
taxi as a strikebreaker during the
recent taxi-cab strike here. The
prosecution is trying to prove that
Meltzer and woman companion rode
in the cab, and then shot the driver
after emerging. No eyewitness to
the shooting has SO far identified
Meltzer as the shooter.
Bring In SaccO Case.
The prosecutions big gun this
morning was Major Calvin GODDARD,
one of the firearms experts engaged
by the state of Massachusetts, to
swear away the life of Sacco and
Vanzetti. GODDARD, in the Meltzer
case as in the Sacco-Vanzetti case,
stated that the bullets shown to him
as those found in the dead mans
body came from the gun of the sus-
pect
However, under cross examination,
GODDARD admitted he might be mis-
taken. Atty Drewen for the defense
Continued on Page Five)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
Communist Workers
Face Trial Tuesday

The case of the four Workers (Com-
munist) Party members arrested Dec.
6 when distributing anti-injunction
leaflets in Brooklyn has been post
roned for the second time. 1t will
come up again next Tuesday morn
ing before Magistrate Reynolds in the
Fifth Ave. Court. Brooklvn.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
Fourth Anniversary Of
DAILY WORKER to
Be Subject of Talk

The fourth anniversary of the
founding of The DAILY WORKER,
official organ of the Workers
(Communist) Party, will be the
subject of addresses by William F.
Dunno and H. M. Wicks, of The
DAILY WORKER, at meeting
of all section and subsection
:-gents Of the paper Thursday at
8 p. M, at Webster Hall, 119 East
11th st.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
WORKER GETS VERDICT.

A jury before Supreme Court JUS
tice Dunno in Brooklyn yesterday re-
turned verde, tor S2U,UuO n -ayor
of Richard O'Connell, 9 Grafton
Court, Malverne, L. l., father of eight
children, in his suit against the New
York Dock Railway Co. Last March,
O'Connell was struck by train while
at work at the foot of Pioneer St.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21

BUFFALO, N. Y. &c. 20. = Ro-
tary snow plows toe Jrought relief
to the 200 marooneG torists on the
highway twenty miies from Buffalo
after 81 of the number, including
women and children, many of them
ill, had remained cooped up for 48
hours in a two-room cabin practically
without food.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
REBEL power
STAYS FIRM IN
RURAL SECTION
Girl Student Shouts
Defy to Slayers

HONGKONG, Dec. 20.-De-
spite the wholesale execution of
Communists in Canton, numer-
Gus towns, villages and rural dis
tricts in eastern Kwangtung are
still in the control of Commune
ist-led peasant organizations, ac-
cording to the reports of refu-
gees and travellers. Lufkung,
Chipsing and Muiling are said to be
in complete control of workers and
peasants organizations which have
set up their own government.
Peasant organizations have swept
out owners of large landholdings and
have distributed the land among poor
peasants, the reports state.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
500 HOMELESS IN FIRE.

WHITESBURG, KY, Dec. 90
Eight hundred residents of the noun
tain village, Blackey, ten miles west
of here, today were homeless, and
many penniless, as the result of a
fire that wiped out all but one build
ing last night.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
StratOn Charge Against
Atheist Is Dropped

The charge that Rev. John Roach
Straton brot against Charles Smith,
president of the American Associa-
tion for the Advancement of Atheism,
has been thrown out of court by Judge
Grain in supreme court. Smith mailed
Straton free thought literature which
the preacher charged annoyed"
him.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-12-21
Red Raids Renewed.

enteen citizens of the Soviet Union
held by the Hankow authorities are
according to current rumors being
held for execution.
Lined up against a wall awaiting
execution one of the four girl stu
dents sentenced to death on the
charge of having aided the textile
workers strike shouted Down with
1
The government is said to have
seized seven hundred Communists or
Communist sympathizers in the raids
which took place over the week end.
Consulate Staff Leaves.
Especial Cable To DAILY woRKER.D
SHANGHAI, Dec. 20.-Ordered by
the Marking regime to leave imme-
diately twenty-three members of the
Soviet Unions consulate staff in
Shanghai have left fro Vladivostok by
way of Japan. Another group of
Soviet Union officials, headed by Con-
sui General Kovlovsky will leave to-
morrow.
The members of the Soviet Unions
consulate staff at Hankow, also ex-
PEELED by the authorities, arrived here
and will leave within a few days.
1000 Executions.
According to reports from Canton,
the white reign of terror is being con-
tinued and executions now total two
thousand. Reports regarding the fate
of the Soviet Union consulate still
conflict. According to some reports
the Consul General, the Vice Consul
and the personnel of the consulate
have been arrested. According to
other dispatches received here, the
Vice Consul was among those exc
cuted.
The building of the Soviet Union
consulate in Canton is occupied by the
government and by Russian White
Guard troops who have confiscated all
movable property.
Soviet Citizens Killed.
The execution of nine Soviet Union
citizens in Canton is reported, altho
no exact information has been re-
ceived.
All Soviet Union trade organiza-
tions in Shanghai have been closed
and are surrounded by cordons of po-
lice. The municipal police made .
fruitless raid on the office of the U.
S. S. R. trade delegation and of the
Sovtorgflot
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-09-23

Ordinarily, a cowboy is a "waddy" or a
Screw or "buckaroo." A green cow
hand is called a 'lent," and his green
ness is expressed by the word "lenty."
He is sometimes called "Arbuckle," on
the assumption that the boss sent of
Arbuckle premium stamps to pay for the
extraordinary services Of the greenhorn.
The STRAY man" is the cowboys name
for who goes to the neighboring
ranches after stray cattle. The fence
rider" also the Zine rider" is employed
to ride fences and repair them.
Before the day Of fences, line riding
was following an imaginary line between
two ranches and turning the cattle back.
The line rider has charge Of a Zine
camp"
The "ChUck Wagon"
In addition to the "chuck wagon" a
second wagon for carrying the extra
beds and bringing wood and water some
times goes along. This equipage is
called the hoodlum wagon and the man
who drives it is "the hood"
The cabin where the bachelor cow
boys sometimes sleep in very bad wealth
er is called a "hooden." A hog rider
is the cowboy who "yails" up the poor
ows which get stuck in the mud.
The 'chuck wagon is the cowboys
home. The chuck box is his store. The
chuck box lid is his table. After a
meal, if a luckless cowboy happens to
put his tin plate and cup on the chuck
box lid instead of the round pam Ia
tin tub for dishes), this constitutes q
"leggins case; that is, he is laid over q
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-09-23
Captain Joseph LaBarge's Name Inde6bly Written
In History Of Naviqation Of the Missouri RjUer

pass? That's why a deck hand who
could read explained.
Passengers, as is customary everywhere
and on all occasions, made themselves
%nuisances by asking unnecessary ques-
tions. With true French courtesy, Cap
tain LaBarge generally replied. 1t is
recorded, however, that nee his patience
failed to stand the test. A man casually
inquired Of the captain if the town just
passed was not Westport.
mo- the captain rejoined, sit was
Independence"
Then what is the name Of this town
here?"
This is Westport."
But my map" returned the passenger
as he consulted it, Shows Westport be-
low Independence, are you sure you are
right?"
ct have navigate this river long time,
Eversince there been towns that one
been Independence, and this WestpOrt,
the captain retorted as he walked away
The incident was apparently closed. but
the captain did not forget. Not many
days later a flock of wild geese was seen
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-09-23

and the aforementioned passenger ran
to LaBarge for enlightenment.
What kind of birds are those, cap
tain?" he breathlessly asked
Look at you dn map. Maybe he
tell you," was the information vouch-
safed.
The discovery of gold in Montana led
to increased activity in river navigation
on the Missouri. Fort Benton was the
distributing point for river freight and
the American Fur company sought to
monopolize the business. 1t had its own
boats but so did also competitors, and
among these was Captain LaBarge, who
in 1862 may have been the only one. At
his time the company boat, the Spread
Eagle" was piloted by Bailey, while La
Barge's oat was the Emile.
The Spread Eagle left for the upper
river three days ahead Of its rival, but
the latter overhauled it at Fort Berthold
and they went on almost side by side for
a couple of days. Then, as they drew
near a willow covered island, the Spread
Eagle started up the right-hand chan
mel, which was h usual course, but
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-09-23

barrel and treated to a dose Of leggins
in the hands Of the most athletic cow
boy.
The chief man about the camp is the
cook, his pay usually equaling that Of
any Of the men, and his experiences in
preparing food remarkable when n
considers his cook stove, a hole in the
ground, and his cooking utensils, skill
let's and pots. Naturally, the cook also
is known as shelf" dough roller"
'dinero,' 'cooky'' and biscuit shooter"
His invariable cry when calling the men
to a meal is Come and git it,"
Much of the language so far quoted
was compiled by John j. LomaX Of
Texas. In an address before a folklore
society meeting in San Marcos Of that
state, he said:
"I think I may claim that these few
samples of cowboy lingo are character
lied by simplicity, strength and direct
ness, and, it may be added, accuracy. I
knew a saloon n C in the west called
The Wolf; another that was aptly
named with a haring sign on the out
side, The Road to Ruin Out in Ari-
iona there is a town called Tombstone,
and the leading paper Of that town has
named itself the Tombstone Epitaph.
Miscellaneous Expressions
Let me add a few of his miscellane-
Gus expressions. OF a tall nan he does
not like, the cowboy says He's just as
! long as a snake and he drags the grouno
when he walks OF a fool he says, He
has no more sense than a niger with 9
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-09-23

LaBarge, being more familiar with the
river, turned to the left-hand channel,
which was the shorter.
Bailey, noting this move, swung across
to intercept LaBarge. He was too late,
but failing in thi attempt to get ahead
Of his rival, he sent the Spread Eagle
crashing against the side of the Emile.
LaBarge met the onset armed with a
revolver, and the threat that he would
kill Bailey if he tried to pass. Bailey
needed the threat, realizing that his act
was i~nexcusable and his own personal
danger. LaBarge went ahead then and
continued to do so until he reached
Fort Benton. On his return to St. Louis.
Bailey, quite justly, lost his license as
a pilot. 1t was LaBarge who asked that
he be reinstated.
The American III company, in it's
frantic desire to monopolize the fur
trade, terrorized the indian agents with
tales of massacres to which they would
be subject unless they turned over the
annuities to the company for distribu-
ton. is one side of the shield, the
opposite might picture a certain division
Of the spoils with the Indian agents,
who often managed in some way to
! accumulate fortunes from a very small
salary. As a man once said to me
when I spoke of this, well, they took
their lives in their hands when they
enlisted for the Job, and had to d.
something to get even Yes, and they
rarely failed to 'get even" The Indians
shared generously, although much
against their will, with these middlemen
who handled the dry goods, clothing
and money sent them. One Indian
agent Of that period, on a salary Of
5 $500, managed to retire in less than
five years, it was reported, with savings
amounting to $25O,0O0. This is a notable
example of thrift not often equaled, anc
proves that all. who came here first were
not the reckless spenders they are FIRE.
quently represented to have been.
The Indians were not ignorant o.
what was going on; they resented it
but were powerless to prevent the rob.
berry. Sometimes they tried to do so
and once or twice they attacked La.
Barge's boat when it carried their an
nuities, Indian agents, and also Ameri
can Fur company agents. On one o
these occasions white men were killed
the Indians crowded onto the boat an,
tried to take 1t. When Captain LaBarg
saw the danger, he ordered out the how
itzer, had it loaded, and then slowl,
approached his lighted cigar to the
touch-hole. The Indians seeing this
waited no longer, but piled over the sid
of the boat and made for the shore, an
the lives Of the passengers were save.
e through this decisive act, CHARACTERISED
of their captain.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-09-23

The rhymed dance calls are chanted
between the shorter calls and are sup
Elementary to them:
Swing your partners round and round:
full Of rocks to hold me down;
Ducks to the river going to ford,
Coffee n a little rag; sugar in the gourd.
'em early, swing EN- late;
'em round Mr.. Meadows gate.
to the center, how do you do;
hands cross, and how are you?
Swing six when you all get fixed,
Do 81, ladies like picking up sticks.
Chicken in the bread tray kicking up
dough;
by joe"
Swing corners all,
Now your pardners and promenade the
hall.
You swing me, and I'll swing you;
All go to heaven in the same old shoe.
Same old road, same old boy,
Dance six weeks in Arkansaw.
Walk the huckleberry shuttle and Chi
nese cling,
Elbow twist and double L swing.