davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24

LUDLOW, April 20, 1914.-Militia
began firing and men withdrew into
hills, with the exception of Louis
Tikas, a Greel; miner, who had acted
as peace officer in the tent colony.
Tikas raised a white flag and the
militia stopped firing. Advancing to
The line he told Lieutenant Under
field in command, that all the men
had gone into the mountains, and
that a continuation of the gunfire
upon the tent colony would only re-
suit in killing and manning women
and children. This Infatuated Under
field, who seized a gun from the
hands of a private militiaman and
struck Tikas over the head with it,
telling him to the ground. After he
was knocked down other militiamep
beat and stabbed him with bayonets
until he was dead.
Then the order to fire was again
given and the tent colony was swept
with mac.ine-gun and rifle fire for
hours. When it was over and the
miners came down out of the hills to
see what had happened that which
had formerly been the Ludlow colony
was a mass of charred ruins. Out of
one hole which served as a cellar for
goods the miners took the bodies Of
eleven children and two women who
had sought shelter therein. The
coming upon them, poured
kerosene and gasoline upon them and
then threw Gorches into the hole,
burning them alive.-(This is taken
from the report of eye-witnesses and
is confirmed by the report Of the
U. S. commission on industrial re-
lations, Frank P Walsh, chairman
The horrible massacre at Ludlow
was carried out on direct orders of
John D. Rockefeller, Jr., the psalm
singing, Sunday-school teaching bill
ionaire, who owns the Colorado Fuel
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
N. Y. Communist Committee
Unanimous for Expulsion
OF Trotsky and Zinoviey

The plenum of the District Com
mittee of District of the Workers
(Communist) Party, at its meeting
Saturday night, after listening to a
report of VIM. w. Weinstone as
representative of the Political Corr
mittee of the Party, unanimously
endorsed the expulsion Of Zinoyiev
and Trotsky by the Central Com
mittee of the All-Union Commu-
mist Party, and the actions of the
Central Committee in it's struggle
against the Opposition.
The District Committee decided
to hold section membership meet
ings to explain to the Party men,
bers the issue of this Russian OPP
position. 1t was the opinion Of all
comrades of the District Commit
tee that the entire District would
take a similar position of endors-
ing the stand of the Central Com
mittee.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Wagner Murder Case
Shows Troopers Are.
At Faults for Shots

BUFFALO, N. Y, Nov. 23 - The
defense rested today in the new muir
der trial of Wilmot Leroy Wagner,
farmland charged with killing two
state troopers. The end of defense tes-
timony came after Wagner had been
on the stand in his own defense for
almost an hour this morning, continu-
ing the story which he started yester-
day, 1t was expected that the state
also would complete its case today
and that summations' would be made
Friday after the Thanksgiving recess.
Most of Wagner's testimony today
was on cross-examination by District
Attorney Renwick, wkofailed to shake
the 29-year-old defendants story.
Following short recess the prose-
cution called Charles Newton, New
Haven, Conn, criminologist, to testify
IN rebuttal of evidence given yesterday
by Albert H. Hamilton, of Auburn,
N, Y, defense expert, which was that
Wagner could not have fired the shots
that killed the two state constabulary
troopers unless they were advancing
to attack him, as he states they were.
There has been good deal of evil
dence at the trial implying that the
troopers were actually shot by their
companions in their rear. 1t is ap-
parent that they launched their at
tack upon Wagner, who had been act
ing queerly, without notifying him
they were police, and that he fired in
a panic, induced by their actions and
his own emotional instability.
Evidence that Wagner had periods
Of temporary insanity while in prison
was brought by the defense, also evil
dence that he was tantalized and tor
mented by his jailers, who laughed at
his antics when they placed his to-
bacco out of reach, and threw fire
crackers into his cell.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Renlus' Prosecutor
Charged by Witness
With Intimidation

CINCINNATI, Nov. 23.-George
Romus, on trial for his life for the
murder Of his wife, Imogene, won an
important legal victory and also lost
one today.
After arguments by attorneys for
both sides, Judge Chester R. Shook
made these rulings:
He ruled, first, that the state
could not introduce testimony to sup
port an alleged conspiracy unless the
state first proved there was a con-
spiracy.
Then he ruled that there was no
intimidation by the prosecutors of
flee of George Klug.
Remus' chauffeur, Klug, on the
witness stand this morning, said the
prosecutor had sought to force him
to make admissions and when he
would not, jailed him as a material
witness under $4,000 bail. Klug
drove the death carr in which Remus
rode.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
LAUNDRY WORKERS TOLL AMIDST FOUL CONDITIONS,
OVERWORKED AND UNDERPAID; UNION VITAL NEED

Violation of the law limiting
women's working hours is common in
New York state power laupdries. The
state labor departments special bull
letin NO. 1881 on women's hours and
earnings in tho industry confirms the
findings Ct the organizers for the
steam laundry workers. union.
Workers Cowcd.
In New York City IS percent of the
women covered by the state labor de-
partment investigation worked more
than the legal Sd hours in the week
of the study. Upstate Is percent
worked illegal overtime. Two big
power laundries were chief offenders.
Many Of the women worked three
hours up to 10 over the Sd, and some
even more. But when the laundry
workers union sent state labor in
spectors around, women workers were
afraid to admit violations of the law
by their employers.
While there is illegal overtime,
there is also perfectly legal under
time, which cuts the workers earn
ings down considerably. The majority
Of women workers in power laundries
are scheduled to work 80 hours
week, says the state report, but 80
percent of the women actually worked
under IS hours in the week studied.
Throughout the year the time lost
and the tremendous turnover of labor
cut earnings way down,
The average weekly earnings came
to $14.67. While this is higher than
that for paper box, candy, shirt and
collar, and tobacco workers in New
York state, these yearly earnings,
however, are under $500, and that for
the one-third who worked a year in
one place. Few make up to $1,000
and very SELDOM one makes over that.
Frightful Conditions.
In the larger and more modern
steam laundries, conditions are some
what better than they were because
of new equipment and plant, though
pay is low. But many of the laun-
dries are in old lofts, or in dark base
ments, where ventilation in either case
is poor, drainage haphazard and dan
gers to health great from damp,
steam, overheating, and drafts. Hand
contact with filthy clothing adds to
the disease danger.
Laundry wagon drivers are partial
ly organized and their cooperation in
organizing the inside workers is be-
ing sought. Colored workers are more
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Miner Pinned Under
Rock, Saved After
10 Hours Of Misery
By ED FALKOWSKI.

SHENANDOAH, Pa, Nov. %.
(FP) For 10 hours rescuers tore
through the rock and coal that kept
Julian Jecken, miner. imprisoned
in his breast at the Turkey Run Col
liery here. When they found him at
last, he was pinned under a fall of
rock, and badly injured. Rescuers
feared they would not reach him
alive. Yet miracles happen, even in
the mines.
While the high wages of miners
have been notably discussed at vari-
Gus booster meetings by mine Of
ficials, not one of them will ever ex-
perience what Jecken has experienced
in the 10 hours during which he was
held down fast by heavy rocks, and
could not move. His lamp was out;
the crunching of coal and rock and
cracking timber was all he heard. In
blackness so thick one can almost
catch chunks of it in ones hands, he
lay waiting for death which lurked
somewhere in that black prison.
This experience is not at all un-
usual. A few years ago Shamokin
miner spent 5 days in dark torture,
imprisoned by a fall Of rock. He
communicated with rescuers through
a long pipe which they had driven in
to his chamber to bring him air, and
send him liquid nourishment. For
days miners worked frantically to
get to him before he should perish.
After that the miner told his expert
ences to interested audiences from
theatre stages.
Must Go Back to Risk.
A similar accident occurred in the
Maple Hill colliery few years ago
when a young Irishman was caught
fast beneath a rock and could not
escape from under a cracking roof
which threatened to flatten him to a
pancake. Rescuers did not dare to
get too close, thinking it better one
man should perish than many. But
the man was rescued after a few
hours, and was not even seriously in
iured.
1t is a striking characteristic of
miners that they quit the mines "for-
ever" after an accident. This irish
man swore, after the rescue, that he
would never enter mine again. But
q few months later he was around the
mine, looking for his old job again,
and is still working. Such is a
miners prosperous existence.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Weather Expert Thinks
Captain Giles, War Ace,
Was Putting Over Bluff

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 23.-E.
M. Bowie, of the U. S. Weather Bu-
reau, today declared in connection
with the attempted flight of Capt.
Frederick A. Giles, British war ace,
from California to Hawaii, that Giles
apparent destination was not Hawaii
but Hollywood"
Bowie made this declaration upon
being told that Giles stated he had
been caught in a strange air pocket
and severe storm 480 miles off the
coast and after the weather expert
had examined his charts.
Giles said that the contact with the
pocket caused his plane to upset in
the air, and he lost instruments and
charts, barely saving his plane from
disaster, and being forced to abandon
his race.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Bratianu Fall Likely
Soon, Says ManOilescu

ROME. Nov. 23.--The convention
that the Bratianu regime in Roumania
was waning and would soon be de-
stroyed was expressed today by NJ.
Manoilescu, recently acquitted in Bu-
charest of having conspired to bring
Prince Carol to the Reumanian
throne.
Manoilescu was interviewed at the
Acqui Spa, in Piedmont, before he
left for France.
1t is understood that Manoilescu
will have a number of conferences
with the former Crown Prince in
Paris and will make detailed report
on the political situation in Roumania,
especially as it was affected by the
collapse of the governments treason
charges against Manoilescu himself.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Zeal for More Profits
Moves Southern Bosses
To Stop Night Work

CHARLOTTE, N. c., Nov. 23.--
More profits is the newest argument
advanced to end night working of
southern textile mills. The Southern
Textile Bulletin claims that cotton
manufacturers have been stupid in OPP
Grating their equipment day and
night. The 81 saved in overhead re-
duction, runs the argument, would be
multiplied in the wider margin of
profit if the mills let demand get fur
Their ahead of the supply by running
days only.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Cutters Mass Meeting
Saturday at : D. m.

The Cutters Welfare League of
the international Ladies Garment
Workers Union will hold a mass
meeting Saturday at 2 p. IN. at Stuy-
vesant Casino, Second Ave. and East
9th st.
The meeting will be addressed by
Arthur linn and Max Bernstein,
cloakmakers, recently released from
prison for activities in the cloak
makers strike; Louis Hyman, man
ager of the Cloak and Dressmakers,
Joint Board; Ben Gold, manager of
the Furriers' Union Joint Board,
and Charles S. Zimmerman of the
Cloak and Dressmakers' Joint Board.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
us your helping hand

The DAILY WORK
u Err is fighting day
after d ay never
stopping. The DAILY
WORKER can continue
it's battles for the Labor
Movement, but financial
difficulties prevent The
DAILY WORKER from
becoming a greater news
paper-of greater use
fulness to fighting La
Dor. We do not want to
conduct financial cam
paigns. We need the
space to fight the boss
=. to give our readers
news-information about
the Labor movement
and other good features.
We ask only this much
from every re a d err:
Pledge yourself to give
only as much as you can
and won't miss-every
week. You won't miss it
and The DAILY WORK
Err can live on It'll
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Hughes Plans for
Control of Lake

WASHINGTON, Nov. 23.-Charles
E. Hughes, acting as special master
for the United States supreme court,
today recommended that the city of
Chicago and the state of Illinois be
restrained from unrestricted diver
sion of water from Lake Michigan,
but he also recommended that they
be permitted to continue to withdraw
water under permit from the war de-
partment.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
MILK CONVICTION UPHELD

ALBANY, Nov 23.-The convic-
ton of William H. Kehoe, former Of
ficial of the New York City Board of
Health, for conspiracy to permit the
sale of diluted milk, has been upheld
by the Court of Appeals.
Kehoe's arrest and conviction grew
out of an investigation of alleged
Irregularities in the New York City
Health Department regarding the
sale of milk.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
SPORT CLUB GROWING.

A basketball team for the winter
season is being formed by the Red
Star Sport Club, 90 Graham Ave,
Brooklyn, it was announced yester-
day. The club meets the second and
fourth Saturday of the month and
new members are wanted, according
TO the secretary of the club
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Bulgaria and Roumania
Friction More Intense

SOFIA, Bulgaria, Nov 23.-Fric-
ton is developing between Bulgaria
and Roumania over reports today of
Roumanian attacks against Bulgari-
ans in Dobrudja.
The owner of a Bulgarian newspa-
per is reported to have been beaten
to death. Many Bulgarian residents
of Dobrudja are fleeing into Bulgaria.
A huge anti-Roumanian mass meeting
is being planned here for next Sun
day. Police precautions will be taken
to prevent disorders.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Postpone Action on
3 Injunction Cases

Action on an injunction requested
by the United Hebrew Trades pro-
hibiting the Retail Grocery and Dairy
Clerks Union from carrying out its
union activities has been postponed
by Justice Richard May in the Brooke
Ign supreme court until Saturday Of
Monday.
Injunctions prohibiting picketing
demanded by two grocery bosses in
the Bronx were also laid over for
several days in the Bronx county
court,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
duplicate More.

MEXICO CITY, Nov. 23-There
will be numerous additional arrests of
persons implicated in the plot to as
sassinate former President Aware
Obregon, Colonel Jose Mascara,
chief of the secret police of the fed
eral district, stated here today, Mas
cara added that the case against the
Catholic League of Defense" is COM
plete.
Maria Monies de Oca, niece of the
late Archbishop Ignacio Monies de
Oca, of San Luis Potosi, was among
those mentioned in connection with
the investigation. Father Miguel of
Juarez, who was arrested two days
ago, was characterized as the princi-
pal intellectual author" of the plot.
Colonel Mascara said that as soon
as he had knowledge OF the attempt
on General Obregon's life he proceed
ed to interrogate Antonio Tirado, who
was being detained at police head
quarters, and Laberto Ruiz, wounded
in the attack on Obregon.
According to Mascara, the con-
spirators shook dice to determine who
was to be selected for the attack on
Obregon, Those chosen were Luis Sc
gura, Vilchis Humberto of Juarez,
Antonio Tirado, Arias Antonio, Met
iozabal Echave and Laberto Ruiz.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
MAYOR AFTER FUTURE VOTES

CHICAGO, Ill, Nov. %. - Mayor
VIM. Hale ("Book Burner'O Thomp-
son has issued to the city schools a
list of American revolutionary Off
GERS of the German, Polish, and Irish
nativity, with an explanation that
these names have been deprived of
proper emphasis in school histories by
4Anglicizing elements" The elector-
ate in Chicago is largely German,
Polish and Irish.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Rabbits Meeting Here
Endorses Shay Week
(By Federated Press)

Organized labor's stand for the
five-day workweek received the en-
dorsement of the orthodox Jewish
rabbis' convention here. President
William Green of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor addressed the as =,
semblage. =
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24

and more predominating in the New
York city laundries. But their fluc-
tuation, in the city for winter, out for
summer, and shifting from one laun-
dry to another make unionization
work difficult. Regular mass meet
ings are being held and steady in
crease in union membership is re-
ported.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Strike Strategy" at
Union Forum Saturday

Strike strategy will be the subject
of a talk by William F. Dunno Ct
The DAILY WORKER. before the
open forum of the Architectural Iron
and Bronze Workers Union at the
unions hall at 7 e. 18th St. next
Sunday at p. m.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Y. W. |. Membership Meet

A general membership meeting
Of the Young Workers (Commu-
nist) League will be held next FRI
day at 1880 p. m. at Stuyvesant
Casino, Second Ave. and E. 9th st.
John Williamson, new district or
ganizer, will report on the recent
national convention.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Hearst Lunches With
Coolidge Over Mexico

Continued from Page One)
The articles in the Hearst press
which allege Mexican aid to Mica
raguan liberals have been issued with
the Hanava Congress in view, OBJ
servers in close touch with the situa-
ton believe.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Execute Four Fanatics.

MEXICO CITY, Nov. 23.-The four
principals in the counter-revolution-
airy plot to assassinate former Presi-
dent Alvaro Oregon, by throwing a
bomb at the automobile in which he
was riding Nov. Is, were shot by a
firing squad here today.
Those executed for hurting two
bombs at the automobile in which
General Oregon was riding were
Luis Segura, Vilchis Humberto, An
tonic Tirado and Augustin Juarez, all
of them believed to be members of
the reactionary Catholic League OF
Defense"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
LONDON FOG HALTs TRAFFIC.

LONDON, Nov. 20. The worst
fog of the season descended on Lon
dan today dislocating traffic and max
ing it necessary to turn on the street
lights at noon.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Rockefeller Men Charge
Communist Pickets

(Continued from Page One)
charged with disorderly conduct and
were released on bail.
DenOunce Colorado Murders.
The picIets marched to the Rookie
Teller offices at 1890 p. m, carrying
placards denouncing in the name Of
ali New York workers the killing and
wounding of strike pickets in the
ckefeller-dominate Colorado mine
fields. No. 26 Broadway is not only
the headquarters of the Standard Oil
90. but of the Colorado Fuel & Iron
Co. the richest and most powerful OF
the Colorado corporations against
which the miners there are striking.
1t was in a strike against this cor
poration that miners and women and
children were killed at Ludlow, Colo,
in 1914.
Picketed In 1914.
The Rockefeller offices here were
picketed similarly in that year.
Patrolman Timmens, Of the first
precinct, who was on duty in front Of
rs Broadway, refused to allow the
pickets to re-pass the office building
when they first arrived. He instruct
ed them to continue up Broadway.
On three occasions they attempted to
return to the building and each time
they were turned back by Timmens
and several other policemen who by
thatS+ime had arrived
Arrest Picket Leaders.
Timmens then placed Milton WITCH,
$50 S. Second St., Brooklyn, and
Julius Fleiss, 6115 10Th Ave, Brook
Ign, who were leading the line, under
arrest.
Crowd Grows.
Meanwhile employees throughout
the district began leaving their Of
fees for lunch and the crowd grew,
passing forward into the street and
blocking traffic. With the police dis
tracted by the growing crowd and TIE
arrests the picket line was able to
break past the officers and resume
its march in front of the Rockefeller
building.
Patrolman Ward, of the first pre-
cinct, then arrested Sophie MargoIies,
% w. 115th ST., and Mary Kaplan.
200 Bronx Park East, pickets.
Organize Assault Squad.
By this time the Rockefeller office
executives had been able to organize
squads for the assault. Women were
treated as roughly as the men. Many
were driven into office entrances and
beaten.
Militant Slogans.
Eve protest the murder of the Col
orado strikers" one of the placards
carried by the pickets said.
Other slogans were: THE workers
Of New York pledge support to the
Colorado strikers; John D. Rookie
feller's gunner Will not break the
solidarity of labor; Labor demands
the right to strike; Withdraw the
troops from the mines; "Impeach
Governor Adams of Colorado"
Prosecution Wants Delay.
Prior to the Arrangement of the
four arrested pickets Detective Muir
ply Of the bomb squad conferred in
private with Magistrate Stern. Carol
Weiss King, defense counsel, protest
ed against the adjournment and asked
Detective Murphy why he would not
proceed at once with the case. The
officer would give no reason for his
demand for delay and the adjourn
ment was granted by the court.
Motion pictures of the demonstra-
ton and the arrests were taken by
one or more syndicates.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24

Continued from Page OHe)
then ard stab am shoot other scabs
and prostitutes irunken squabbles
within the st0e =, or attack union
men. One Of scahs charged the
constable Wit ming him ito stop
carrying a IL dsed in his work at
the Pittsburgh Terminal Coal Cor
poration mine"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24

CONTINUED from Page One)
charged with disorderly conduct and
were released on bail.
New Britain herald., 1927-12-21
THE DRIVE AGAINST DRIVERS

The new campaign by the state against reckless drivers and those who drive while intoxicated will re- ceive public commendation. It is said that the sentiment of the courts is all in favor of helping to rid the highways of dangerous drivers. If that is true, then the function of the courts will be 10 soak" those found guilty of such infractions of the law. One way not to do this is 10 sus- pend sentences after guilt Is estah- lish"l. In the newspapers of the state during the past few days were more than the usual number of stories relating 10 reckless drivers, and on one day there were three cases of hit-and- run drivers figuring in serious accident, one of them TO- sultlng in the death of a boy in Meridcn. IL certainly is high time the law exercised it's teeth.