New Britain herald., 1927-09-02
BOLIVIAN INDIANS
 AKIN ID |NCAS
Recent Rebels Closely Related to
 Old Timers

Washington, D. C., Sept. 2 The revolt in Bolivia. South America, is being carried on by people closely related to the ancient Incas of the Andrean Highlands, whose civiliza- tion, before the coming of the span- lsh conquerors, vas one of the most highly developed in the New World. A bulletin from the Washington, D. C. headquarters of the National Geo. graphical society tells of these high landers and their past glories.
 The Indians of Bolivia are Aymaras," says the bulletin. while the direct descendants of the Incas, in Peru. are known as Quichuas. The old 1ncas. at the height Of their power. conquered the Aymaras of their day. but the Aymara land around Lake Tticaca was the holy land of the 1ncas, because they looked upon 1t as the origin of both | their civilization and their blood. | Because of this relationship the Aymara. received special privileges over the other vassals of the Incas. The full blood Bolivian Indians of l today therefore, may be looked up- on as representatives of the race l from which the great 1ncas civiliza- 1 ton sprang.
 Sullcn Towr"d Whites
 "The Bolivian Aymaras and the ! Peruvian Quichuas are much alike in appearance and characteristics. | Those of the highlands of both coun- 1 tries have developed huge chests in 1 the rarefed air. Their active life of l climbing has given them extra l strong leg muscles. Both have dark l reddish complexions. broad faces ! and black eyes. They are a sullen people. having little to do with the l whites and apparently resenting their intrusion.
 More than 50 per cent of the in | habitants of Bolivia are full blood 1 Aymaras while nearly 30 per cent | are of mixed blood, the so-called ]! 'Cholas.' The Cholas and the whites live for the most part in La Paz, the apital Of Bolivia, and the other sizable towns. The village popula- lions are almost wholly Indians, and large numbers of Indians also live on the agricultural estates, and the grazing lands, working usually for white owners.
 Ancestors Built Great Cities
 Although 1t is bitterly cold on the wind-sWcpt, bleak, upland ,tr,i, T. 1x1i I scantily clad, most of tbem going bare-legged. They seem intent, how ever, on keeping their heads warm: and beneath their hats men wear woolen scul caps. They live chiefly on frozen potatoes and dried goat meat.
 The great mass of the Indian pop ulation of Bolivia is illiterate. Many of the Indians cannot speak Spanish, and some who understand the lan- guage pretend ignorance to avoid contacts with the whites.
 Yet the ancestors of these peo. pie produced great cities which give evidence of a high degree of culture. One of the most remarkable Of the | q 1 of refuge where Inca civilization was kept alive during many centuries. The ruins of this city, hidden in all most inaccessible mountain fast nesses. were discovered by a Ma tional Geographic society expedition in 1912.
 The most famous pre-Incan ruins are thase of Tiahuanaco, in Bolivia. not far from Lake Titicaca. These are believed to be the re- mains of buildings constructed by the ancestors of the Aymaras. The walls, still standing, are composed Of huge stones set without mortar. The stones were dressed so well by their ancient masons that they are in perfect contact and have re- mained as placed hundreds of years ago."