davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

Cook, at the Judith's mouth, consisting
OF but a single regiment, and Fort Smith.
on the Big Horn, the latter post even
then under siege. In April, Acting Gov
ernor Meagher called out 600 men for
three months volunteer militia service
and, as each company was filled, sent
1t on to Bozeman.
The people of the Gallatin valley had
pledged equipment and maintenance to
as many companies as would be sent.
The town stands on the East Gallatin,
surrounded by Jacobs and Bridger's
passes, the Flathead pass in to the Black
foot country, and the mouth of Rock
canyon, leading to the lands of the Crows
One company from Virginia City arrived
in May. \ fort was begun commanding
Rock canyon, the pass through the Vel
lowstone or Belt range, and a picket fort
was placed at Bridger pass. But horses
could not be had after the first three Oh
four companies were supplied, and nc
more men were sent on. However, Gen
eral Sherman, commander of the division
of the Mississippi. United States army
moved forward now the territory's quota
of $500 men and t~elegraphed authority
to raise and equip 800 militiamen til
the regulars could arrive.
At news Of the desperate condition
of the federal garrison on the Big Horn
fort Smith) two citizens of Bozeman
its founder, set forth to learn it,
state. j. M. Bozeman never returned
for on the Yellowstone (near Shield
river, now In Park county, he lost hi
life at the hands of Indians. Mr.. Boze,
RAN was a Georgian by nativity.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

The volunteers were disbanded in the
curse of that rear and, upon the COM
ing of the two companies of regulars,
Fort Ellis was established just east of
Bozeman.
In 1880 the one republican sent to
the territorial legislature was l.. S. Will
son of Gallatin county.
The citizens OF Bozeman were alert to
sieze the critical and early moment Of
the first steamers putting up the yell
lowstone as the signal for need OF a
good wagon road to whatever point
should prove the head of navigation.
That first steamer churned the lower
Yellowstone in 1878, out only as far as
within two miles of the Powder rivers
mouth. The motive was the carrying
forward of the Northern Pacific's sur
vey. under military escort. Early in the
next year the people of Gallatin valley
organized a bodybuilding, t~own-finding
expedition of % wagons, with % yoke
of oxen, over 200 horses and mules-a
well provisioned party, in short, of lao
men. But, harassed and four times be-
set by the Sioux, and having lost one of
its number. the caravan returned. 1t
was severely Disappointing to the en-
terprising people along the Gallatin,
That, however, did not deter the setting
forth of two further expeditions to meet
the prospective river traffic. The Sec
ond of these, in 1875, built Fort Pease al
the Big Horns mouth-for practical
steamboat navigation had then prog
ressed SO far. The leader Of this venture
down the Yellowstone was f. D.. Pease
who had been agent to the Grow tribes
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

The coming winter will be a hard one
and all young men of the Cheyenne
tribe at Lame Deer are warned to look
after their hay supply before 1t is too
late. This is the edict of the old men
Of the tribe who are able to read the
signs In the grass, as was done by the
plains Indians in early days.
Although the art of weather ~prognosti-
cation n rain making have long since
fallen into disrepute among the Cney-
enne there are still a few OF the older
men. Bobtail Horse, Iron Shirt, Wolf
Chief and q few others, who advance
opinions on coming weather conditions.
The method Of foretelling winter con-
ditions used by these men was once COM
mon knowledge in the tribe. A certain
species of bunch grass goes to seed when
a bad winter is coming. When his par
ticular grass does not seed the Indians
looked for IN open winter.
They Travelled South
Before the establishment of reserva-
tions the Indians travelled south when
indications were for a cold winter. Now
their preparations for a hard winer con-
sist of laying In a supply of hay for Their
cattle and horses.
Rain making. which is closely allied
with weather representation, passed gu
with the death of Black White Man In
1919. Black White Man was the last
medicine man on the Tongue river reser-
Walton to hold this power. When anyone
wished rain they would throw water or
Black White Man as he stood in the cen.
ter Of a circle singing. The water was
thrown first from the south, then from
the west, north and east and from above
This method generally produced a shower
according to the older members OF thu
tribe.
Bear Rope, who died in 1877, is said tx
have been the most powerful medicine
man of the northern Cheyenne tribe a.
regards rain-making. Bear Rope was tn,
greatest hunter m trapper in the tribe
and was believed to have derived grea'
powers from the animals he killed. II,
travelled alone a great deal and spen
much OF his time among the wild ami
mails.
Pay Little Attention
The northern Cheyenne Indians do no
pay q great deal of attention to weathe
signs any more as they are not as de
pendent on the weather as they wer
when they were a rowing plains tribe. MOI
of the men who are old enough to real
the signs are SO DID that their eyesigh
has been impaired by age, and thei
readings are not as accurate as formerly
Recently Iron Shirt, the oldest man II
the tribe, cried from the hill top In tn
center OF Lame Deer and also at variou
camps near here that the coming white
was going to be a a one. According
to the old men the fact OF the particula
variety OF grass going to seed is tn
all important factor In weather forecast
ing. This variety is not as common Il
this latitude as 1t is farther south. TIL
old men have to look carefully to fin
this grass on this reservation.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

IT WAS but three miles above the forks
OF the Missouri. and on the western
branch, that 6acaJawea, Shoshone In
dian girl, was captured by the Nina
trees. Thu 1t befell that Lewis n Clark.
when In 1906 they came there. were
bringing back to the scene the Shoshone
woman, now the wife of Charbonneau.
their interpreter.
Yes, Sacajawea remembered the spot.
With her at the time Of her capture had
been several of her people. The men, too
few for battle, had fled. but four had
been o%vertaken and promptly dispatched.
Captured with her were several
and boys. some OF them appointed like
herself, to live. Six years a elapsed
since then. The explorers journals re-
cord that Sacajawea. with plenty now to
eat and plenty Of trinkets. viewed the
scene with little perturbation. Perhaps
beneath the Indian tolidity were emo
tions they little fathomed.
Albert Gallatin was at the time OF the
expedition secretary Of the treasury, and
for him they named the eastern fork of
the Missouri. 1t joins the other two
branches. the Madison and the Jefferson,
a half mile east of their confluence and
OF the three 1t Is the swiftest. Proceed
ing they named the other two forks for
Madison and jefferson, secretary OF state
and president, respectively, n rightly
judged the western to be the principal
stream, the continuation really Of the
Missouri.
Here. while the detachment under
Clark moved ahead to make sure they
were not mistaken in following the JEFF
ferson, the rest recorded observation
and aired the contents OF their packing
bags. Among the wild life they noticed
were mallards and six deer. They saw
the mud nests and the small martin
and they here first found the black
gooseberry. Clark, advancing, named
Howard creek or the left hand The
g year he returned eastward by way
OF Three Forks, while Lewis went north
eastward by the Big Blackfoot and Great
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

at the agency then near the present Liv-
ingston, then In Gallatin county. During
the winter that followed there came bag
CARED and exhausted to Fort Ellis a sin
gle rider, bearing word that the party at
Fort Pease was desperately beset by hos
tiles. 1t was spring Of 1876 before relief
from Fort Ellis could reach them, at
which time 25 of the original 81 who
went out were brought back alive.
First Newspaper In 1871
1t was from Fort Ellis that General
Gibbon, in 1876, marched with his com-
mand to join General Terry IN the yell
lowstone in that campaign SO disastrous
to Custer.
The first newspapers published within
Gallatin county, The Times and The
Pick and Pillow, had dated from 1871. The
firstblooded stock had been brought In
by Campbell of Gallatin City in 1878.
AS late as till the creation of Meaghei
county, in 1874, the northern boundary
of Gallatin county was the 47th parallel
now the northern boundary line OF
Meagher. East Gallatin was the first
county seat of Gallatin county, but
Bozeman became C in 1867. AS late
as 1885 the county still included those
of Park and Sweet Grass, all of Stillwa.
ter that lies south of the Yellowstone
and much of Carbon. Less han one
sixth of its cultivatable area was Their
cultivated or even occupied AS bounded
then it occupied areas Of placer, quartz
and coal mining.
With it's area as 1t is now, 1t ranks a.
third county among So in combined live
stock and crop values, though blu thu
26th in size. 1t is the eighth county II
aggregate population with an average
of 6.3 persons to the square mile), ant
the seventh in assessed valuation o
| 1000 Whf1o ynfnpra1
gold, silver and fuel and potters' an
builders materials are within its bounds
Gallatin is one OF the finest valleys IL
Montana.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

verdure" are there. Everything is white
the ground, the sky, the shades them
selves, and even the buffalo.
Are the spirits happy there?" / asked
my informant. !.
They don't nave a very good time"
he said
Il should think they would be snow
blind all the time, If spirits have eyes
capable of being affected by the ever
lasting unrelieved whiteness about them. .
I mentally commented but did not say
1t aloud. Certainly this picture OF the
Piegan paradise is not sufficiently allur-
ing to awaken longings for 1t. ! was
not told whether its climate is cold
or not.
The hunting ground described by the
Able, Is not to be reached by means OF
the classic ferry of the Styx, but
through the long and strenuous effort OF
the disembodied spirit. The highest
mountain Of the Rockies must be climbed
II but to secure a view of 1t, and most
lot us know how difficult mountain
climbing is over slide rock and through
snow. The furious torrents" might not
alarm us, unless they must be crossed
With no feeling Of irreverence, the
Indians, SO we learn, call the chief goc
THE DID Man" He often appears or
the mountain tops unde different forms
| Once, according to the story, he had the
head OF a moose. with long ears, which
he used in a kind Of sign language III
derstood by the one who saw him. Hi
manifestation was accompanied by ter
rible thunder and vivid and constani
flashes of lightning. 1t was as much a,
ones life was worth to interview him.
Our hunters and trappers were Otter
terrified by strange noises heard in thu
mountains, and for which they could no
account. The Indians also heard these
sounds and attributed them to spirits /
was well to avoid. This was anothe
fearsome thing about the mountains. M
wonder they were regarded with awe.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07
Sim B. ROBERTS,
PIONEER, DEAD
HIS DEATH REMOVES PICTURESQUE
CHARACTER OF FRONTIER DAYS
IN MONTANA AND TEXAS
Deputy United States Marshal, Who
Passed Away In Butte, Was for Many
Years Prominent and Widely Known
on Ranges OF Yellowstone Country

When Sim b. Roberts, aged So, and
only recently appointed a deputy
United States marshal for Montana,
died In Butte recently, Montana lost
one of her most picturesque characters
of the old frontier days. MIR. Roberts
was first stricken while eating break
fast in a Butte cafe n after being
assisted to his hotel, where he was ap-
parently feeling much better, died
while sitting In a chair In the lobby.
He was the father of San A.. Roberts,
chief prohibition enforcement officer
in the Montana district.
Sim Roberts was born In eastern Texas
and practically all OF his life had been
spent In the cattle business in Texas,
Wyoming and Montana. He was for many
years a close friend of the late John <
Edwards Of Forsyth, Frank Conley OF
Deer Lodge, the late Jim Swisher OF
Forsyth and many other old timers OF
eastern Montana. Jack Collins. stock in
spector of Butte, a cowboy and frontiers
man of the old school, had known Mr..
Roberts since 1874 when they first met
In the Frio river in Texas. while working
cattle.
The young range riders met again In
Bozeman In 1878, where Roberts was a
cowboy for the Montana Cattle ompany
1t was about that time that Roberts
shot a nan who had killed his brother
Bill Roberts, one OF the most popular
cowboys Of the section. according to Mr.
Collins. Bill Roberts was shot from be-
hind after he had beaten another man
in a fist fight.
"Bill Roberts had been insulted by o
man named Kenny and offered to defend
his honor said Mr.. Collins. "He un.
buckled his ~six-shooter and handed 1t tc
a brother Of Kenny to hold. The men
engaged in a tussle and Mill Roberts
won. That night Kenny shot Roberts
Sim Roberts witnessed 1t and shot his
brothers slayer"
In his early days in Texas Sim Roberts
engaged in many fights with the indians
and In his early residence along the Mus
selshell and Yellowstone rivers in Mon
tana he likewise braved the dangers OF
the period.
For several years Mr.. Roberts conduct
ed a livery stable in Bozeman and Their
went to eastern Montana, where he spent
the greater part of his life on the range
I At one time he was In charge Of the
Biggs-Ellis cattle outfit, one of the bis
ones in the real c~owpunching days.
Mr.. Roberts married Ada Bostwick In
Bozeman and five son were born of The
marriage. Mrs. Roberts Is lead and two
of the sons have passed away. The sur.
viving ones are Sam, VIII Of Seattle anc
Kent of South Dakota.
Fol- a number of years past Mr.. Rob.
erts had made his home on a ranch In
Rosebud county.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07
Veteran Cowboy Stricken

Word has been received in Montana
OF the death of w. s.. Rolfe at Hamburg.
Ark. He was one of the old-time cow
boys Of southern Montana, coming with
one of the first cattle drives from Texas.
Rolfe, Great Falls, an editor of the Leader
in early days and, for a time, w. g.
Rolfe worked for the circulation depart
ment of the Leader. He returned to
Powder River county from Great Falls
year age Mr.. Rolfe was rs years old
when he died.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

John Dornen of Butte suffered body
bruises when he was hit by an auto.
driven by M. F. Connolly. Connolly was'
charged with reckless driving.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07
J. ROSS CLARK
AN OLD TIMER
DEATH OF FORMER BUTTE BANKER
AT o ANGELES REMOVES AN
OTHER MONTANA PIONEER

Brother of Late Senator w. A. Clark
Came to This State In 1871, and for
Many Years Had Prominent Part In
Development of the West.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07

Miriam Finn was named worthy asso-
ciate advisor Of the Butte chapter, Order
Of the Rainbow for Girls. at its recent
election.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-10-07
CHEYENNE
SEE HARD WINTER
OLD MEN OF TRIBE WARN THAT HAY
SUPPLY BE CAREFULLY LOOKED
AFTER IN TIME

Iron Shirt Bases Prediction on Early
Going to Seed of Species of Bunch
Grass; in Old Days Tepees Went South
for Cold Weather.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-03

by every community. Washington
has only recently installed the most
modern type OF signals at strategic
points. and although progress has been
made there are not nearly enough of
these zones to furnish adequate pro
lection to street car riders.
Now II appea rs that the sig mails and
platforms already In use must he torn
down. Certainly unlishted obstruc-
tons to tratfi cannot he allowed to
remain In the street, and Il ia not TO
be supposed that the traction com
pany viii continue its generous offer
indefinitely. Ii 10 gratifying to Wash
eme,ge ncy has stepped into the
breach. but operation of these signals
other traffic lights. The cost of the
loading pla form leacons IL 40 trivial
that there should he no controversy
Nv TO their opera ton. Ii Congress does
not remedy conditions early in the
next session Wa ehington will have
taken a step hack ward in affic con
troll and viii have To confess itself
impotent To cope with the Him
purtant problem of reg ulation OF the
thousands of motorists and pedes
TRANS that use it's streets.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-03
Maryland Planners.

Not In many years has so much
genuine enthusiasm over any project
been shown as now is being manifest
In Montgomery and Prince Georges
Counties, Maryland. over the prospect
of developing these regions. rich in
scenic beauty. along great and broad
lines SO that they may fittingly re-
epond to the needs OF the future
greater Washington. officials and
citizens alike look forward to the day
when the most beautiful sections OF
the National Capital will spread into
the suburbs. But they realize that
the region cannot 'jes' grow" like
Tcpsy. There must be well knit, CO.
ordinated plans for logical develop
ment. Mistakes in planning the vast
area adjoining the District must not
b made IL progress and beauty go
hand In hand. Mistakes of today
mean countless thousands of dollars
expense in eradication in later years
II. indeed, they ever can be eradi-
Gated. Territories must be Zoned
that established property values may
be protected. A sense of surety for
future investors may be gained
through this very process. Streets.
boulevards. parks. Fairgrounds and
public spaces for all generations to
come must be devised at present II
the future Is to be as 1t should be.
Tbs same spirit of enthusiasm that
today dweIls in the hearts and minds
Of those who are looking forward to
q National Capital of extreme beauty
and comfort must continue to pre-
vail. There must be no tagging of
universal interest, Cooperation and
coordination of effort are necessary.
Shipping, pickering, backbiting and
selfish interest must be subordinated
to common veal. A spirit of good
should forever reign.
But note of warning is never
aniss.
Upon the vision and courage with
which the Maryland Park and Plan
ming Commission. soon to be named,
approaches the task will depend its
success. and to gain this goal there
must be an inspiring personnel. In
mary cities mere politics has been
permitted to dominate the selection
Of men for such responsible posi-
items. Mere politics may show itself
In the selection of planners for Mary
land. II there is one group Of men
that should be selected. sans politics,
Il IL the members Of the Maryland
Planning Commission. Only men
who dare. men who have the courage
OF their convictions. men who have
vision, men who are dominated by
IN artistic sense. leavened with the
practical. should be chosen by Gov.
Ritchie to sit upon this commits
sion. For these men will not only
hold the future of the two counties
at the moment In their hands. but
win determine the future character
pf this great territory.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-03
A Job for the Police.

Now that the shocking robbery and
assault in the Capitol grounds have
been cleared up by the local police DE
partment with much credit to itself
another problem confronts II In the
apprehension of the four bandits who
have been terrorizing small shop
Keepers in nightly rounds of robberies
and attempted murders. one Of the
victims OF last nights foray is dying
from two bullet wounds that he re-
ceived when he protested the outrage.
This band is said 10 Use fast car
and tn visit several places in the
course Of it's raids. Evidently the
Busch verdict. which will take three
lives for one If the sentence OF the
court is carried out. has made no i'm
preston on this gang. The police de
partment should and undoubtedly will
concentrate all its resources into an
effort to catch Washington newest
set of criminals. And 1t is the earnest
hope of the public that it may be sue
cessful In its quest, 80 that Washing
ton justice, via the electric chair, can
be put into speedy operation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-03
Washington Quoted
In Plea Against War

To the Editor OF The Star:
Your columns have informed us
Of the $4,000, 900 Americans who. ON
Washingtons birthday anniversary,
listened in to President Coolidge az
he eulogized the Father of His coun-
try.
. We learned Of the congressional
commission he is to appoint and head
to arrange for an adequate celebra-
ton of the coming bicentennial ami
versary Of that notable natal day In
1882. This commission asks sugges.
tiOns. Here Is one:
In all our Presidents portrsiture of
Washington-as agriculturist. student,
surveyor, speculator. generalissimo
and President1I waited In vain for
any mention of that most devoted
patriots first wish" which he de-
clared as being ito see that plague
of mankind. war, banished from the
earth"
Now, sir. I should like to suggest
to this congressional commission that
no. one thing they can accomplish in
the next five years would add such
universal luster and renown to
Americas greatest hero as would the
realfZat ton of this, his first wish. viz.
to Danish the idiocy Of war from our
modern radio-encircled globe. And it
ca be done il our country will do its
leading share,
EDWARD BERWICK.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-03

that In the mountains around Cum
berland and Uniontown II was clear
too? Often 1t was good at both ends
but foggy. rainy. snowy or otherwise
ohjectiona bile between the terminals.
So the Air Corps, after many at
tempts. finally obtained the necessary
appropriations for the maintenance
of weather stations at these two inter
mediate points and promulgated
block system" whereby planes could
be called down IL unfsvorsble flying
weather developed after their de
parture.
As time goes on every plane depart
ing on a cross-country mission prob
ably will be equipped with radio re
ceiVing apparatus installed solely FOR
receiving weather reports In the air
as 1t races along at more than 100
miles an hour. Then accidents or ia
talities caused by the elements will be
negligible.
Pilots from experience have found
that a fog encountered on cross
country flight does not last very long
"a they usually plunge ahead. suffer
the helpless feeling that builds Itself
about them and In most cases soon
emerge In the sunlight. The tw"
Army airmen probably figured on the
same result and decided to push on
through. since the weather was good
at the other end.
IF it is possible. a pilot Will Gu
deavor to keep the ground III sight
when he strikes a fog even though 1t
requires clipping the tops out Of trees.
For with "one foot on the ground" ne
has that much of a chance in selecting
A landing place II the engine stops.
while If he Is In the grayish- white
mass on high and trouble develops.
there is nothing to do but abandon
ship and use the parachute.
The Department OF Commerce
charged with encouraging and devel-
oping civil aviation. has emphasized
meteorological facilities above all, ana
now is building up a system Of weather
reports that should guarantee the
safety Of passengers and planes from
the death clutches OF fog and other
dangerous flying weather. But 1t
seems that before a major step for
ward Is taken, the need for such ad-
vancement. which requires additional
expenditures Of money, must be EN-
phasized with accidents that could be
avoided.
Rapid, complete and accurate
weather reports along any proposed
airway must come in the future If
flying is TO be made pleasant, safe
and profitable.