davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The producers news., 1927-03-11
PRODUCERS NEWS

asses were operated in each of the As States and
the District of Columbia; the number of such We
hicles varied from one for approximately every
Inc Pacific Ocean to one for approximately every
1000 inhabitants in the New England States; and
that there was a school motor bus for every 1925
persons in the United States.
The results Of the study made by the editors Of
this magazine confirm reports of previous studies,
j. e. rural schools are continually striving to inn
prove the type of service offered to country chill
dren. Among the advantages provided by the
larger rural schools are good buildings, well pre-
pared teachers, supervising principals, longer
terms, more community activities and efficient
pupil transportation systems.
The producers news., 1927-03-11
WELL DONE THOU GOOD AND
FAITHFUL SERVANTS"

The farmer labor representatives in the State
Senate and House of Representatives have re-
turned home after the twentieth session has
drawn to a close They have made enviable
record of achievement in behalf of the people who
sent them to Helena.
Serving Northeastern Montana faithfully and
we'll they also held aoft the banner Of progress
sive legislation for the state as a whole.
Individually the farmer-labor senator and two
representatives were looked to for leadership in
progressive matters by representatives from other
parts Of the state.
Senator Taylor was the most popular man in the
Senate and although the conservatives voted down
things he proposed time and again, they respect
ed his position. Because of this he was sue
cessful in killing many bad laws in the senate
His fight for the Bank Guarantee Law put that
measure In such an advantageous position that
the Progressive Farmers, the Farmers Union, the
Montana Federation of Labor and other advanced
groups will be able to initiate it next year If
it is put on the ballot the people will do the rest.
Robert Larson and James Sparkling of Daniels
County were amongst the ten able men of the
House of Representatives. When they got up to
speak on any subject under discussion they were
listened to with attention.
Their desks were the mecca to which people in
terested in progressive legislation always turned
their faces. The people Of Sheridan and Daniels
Counties have right to be proud of the accom-
plshments of their representatives in Helena.
The Farmer Labor Group of the state are in
stronger position than they ever were before be
cause Of the able manner in which Taylor, Larson
and Sparkling presented their cause.
The progressive forces of the state will join will
US, up here in the Northeast corner, in saying t
our legislative representatives: "We done thol
good and faithful servants"
The producers news., 1927-03-11

the leases he dominated the making
of the contracts.
Fall and Admiral Robinson. Justice
Butler said, conspired to give Do
heny's companies the contracts. He
traced the correspondence between
the pair and Doheny.
100000 For Lease.
The 100000 which Doheny gave
Fall, the court held, was a part of
the conspiracy. The day after the
100000 was paid Fall said that Do
heny would be given additional privi-
leges.
The final lease, the court found.
was made without any competitive
bidding.
The court failed to sustain one con-
tention of the government-that for
mer Secretary Of the Navy DENLY
acted in the leasing under misappre-
hension. The court found that Den
by acted collusively with Fall, but
did not say that he acted fraudulent
~.
1t was not necessary to find
whether or not the 100000 paid Fall
was a bribe, the court said. Falls
whole action was fraudulent, the
court found.
The producers news., 1927-03-11
FARMING SEASON
GETTING UNDER WAY

The agricultural season is cett;,.
under way early this year, accord;Dss
to the March 1 report of the Buroass.
of Agriculture, on the farming sit
uation.
Spring work and crop growth !,
the South are reported as propressina
rapidly. Many fruit trees were s
full bloom by the middle of Febrna+,
in the Gulf States and even fartbo,
north.
Shipments of early truck crops bavo
been heavy, the daily movement lato
ly running around 100 cars of celerr
! 25 cars of tomatoes and y cars -
! strawberries from Florida; 200 cars ~
lettuce from the Imperial Valley. and
IS cars of spinach from Texas
The dairy outlook in the Eastern
States is considered good for tbe
/ year. Field work has been begun n
the more southern areas of the Corn
Belt, although the land generally
throughout the belt is unfit to WORK
as yet.
j Winter wheat growth and condition
are reported as fairly good. Live.
stock have wintered well. Hog rails.
ers are optimistic There is talk ~
increasing hog breeding this wear. de.
pending, however on corn prospects
Oats are being sown in the south
en portions of the wheat belt. with
earlier sOwings already up. Wheat
looks good in the eastern part of the
belt; but not so good in the west
Late SHOWS helped grain in western
Kansas. The spring wheat territory
is none too optimistic following q
lean year.
Spring work is well under way on
the Pacific Coast. Fruit is in bloom
in the north, and winter grain is
growing rapidly Earlier field crops
generally are doing well. There is an
excellent stand of sugar beats in the
Sacramento Valley. Heavy shipment,
of oranges, lettuce, and vegetable,
are being made from southern Cali
fornia.
The report says that "the soutl
r probably will grow considerably NOR,
! corn and other feed crops this year
: so that if acIeages are sustained else
where a good growing season nigh
bring another year Of cheap fee,
: stuffs. Nevertheless, the farm com
: munity is in much better position t
+: make a profit out of low-priced fee
: crops this year than low-priced cas-
y crops
The departments index of purchas
ing power of farm products in term
y Of non-agricultural commodities
: placed at 81 for January, against S
in December, the pre-war years Be
J. ing considered as 100. This compare
y with 8S the previous January and s
4 two years previous.
The department economics see moth
ing in the business situation whc
N offers any outstanding signals SO fla
the plan of farmers might be cor
cerned. The general presumption
D that the domestic market viii contil
n ne to absorb farm products this We.
Al "about as usual"
The producers news., 1927-03-11
SUPREME COURT
RULES DOHENY
LEASES ILLEGAL

Washington, ID. C.-The Supreme
Court of the United States today can
celed the oil leases of Edward L. Do
heny son the Elk Hills, California, on
the ground that they were illegal, and
were obtained by fraudulent acts of
Albert b Fall. at that time secretary
of the interior. in c0llusiOn with Ad-
miral Robson also acting fraudulent
ly, and with Secretary of the Navy
DENLY. The prosecution had tried to
shield DENLY, on the grounds that he
acted innocently, but. the. highest
court of the land could find no indi-
cations Of this innocence. II re-
Trained from saying that DENLY COM
mitted fraud. however.
The decision of the court was un-
animous by all eight justices, one
Justice Stone, not participating be
cause Of being at ono time an attor-
ney in the case.
The Supreme Court refused to or
der reparation to Doheny for con
struction undertaken.
Same As Teapot Dome Case.
The decision was regarded by
many legal experts as foreshadowing
eventual victory for the government
IN the Teapot Dome lease case. The
equity phases Of the two contracts
held by Doheny and Harry +. Sin
clair are approximately the same
The Teapot case is now pending in
the court.
The evidence, Justice Butler said
was conclusive that the contracts
were obtained by fraud.
The court found that after the navy
department requested Fall to make
The producers news., 1927-03-11

Washington-(FP) Alarmed at
Sen. Borah's resolution authorizing
his committee on foreign relations to
investigate in Mexico and Central
America the reasons for disputes
with Mexico and Nicaragua, the adj
ministration has moved to block that
in quiry.
Testimony favoring Sen. Frazier's
resolution which declares it to be the
sense Of the senate that Pres. Coo
lidge shall make no war with Mexico
with or without pretext-when con-
/ gress is not in session, led to lively
dispute before the Willis-Shipstead
subcommittee Of the senate foreign
relations committee. Willis finally
/ declared the resolution to be an IN
/ suit TO the president. Frazier, who
was present replied that he sought
/ merely to protect the right of the
/ American people to determine when
they We're to be put into war.
Rev Hubert C. Herring, secretary
OF the social relations commission Of
the Congregational churches in the
United States, who recently led a
delegation of American clergy and
church press representatives on a
visit to Mexico City, declared the
Mexican people are solving their own
I problems. He said the Kellogg policy
of i'll will now threatens the best adj
ministration Mexico has ever had
the administration Of Pres. Gales"
Great Britians tory government
has sent a warship to Corinto, Mic
aragua, on the pretext of protecting
British citizens in that republic, by
eXerting moral influence on the Diaz
and Sacasa forces and affording q
place of refuge in case of need.
While the impression is given, bS
/ official notes and unofficial state.
ments, that this incident represent:
collusion by the British with the of
ficials in the state department hav,
been much upset by the news tha
/ the British have actually moved
/, warship to the scene of the American
seizure of Latin American territory
In support of the theory of collu
( sion is the fact of general Anglo
q American understanding, whereby tn
E British take the lead in policy in tn
o far east, especially as to China, Will
J the Washington government does a
1t pleases in Latin America, Now, a
the moment of American militar
The producers news., 1927-03-11
MOTOR BUS TRANSPORTATION
FOR PUPILS

Approximately $4,000 motor busses were used
m the United States during the school year 1926
1926 transporting pupils to and from $4,000
schools according to recent interesting study,
the results Of which appear in the February issue
Of Bus transportation" In performing this ser
vice these $4,000 school busses travelled more
than 100000 miles each morning and evening OF
every school day transporting $4,000 children to
and from school,
The study also shows that for this service
school motor transportation more than s23. 1000.
600 was expended in all the states; school motor
The producers news., 1927-03-11
COUNTY SCHOOLS

Miss Esther Sorenson and father Of
McCabe and state high school super
visor, Carl Jessen, who is visiting
the schools in eastern Montana, made
our office a short visit February %.
Harry Anderson of Medicine Lake
High School, who has recently re-
turned from Iowa, called at the Of
flee February Goth.
Miss Josie Otness, teacher at Arch
er, has been suffering with an at
tack Of rheumatism.
Mrs. Maude H. Hendren, teacher
of Rosehill school, district 66, gave
a very interesting Washington and
Lincoln program the last Of FebH-
airy.
Recent office visitors were: Clerks.
G. NJ. Vesterby, George Bell, Ben
Moe, James Mclean and Arthur Reh-
mer; Mesdames Kjerrumgaard, Signe
Jacobsen and Meta Robinson: Misses
Selma Christopherson, Marguerite
Hanisch and Elna Swanson; Messrs.
Dan Mckay, Ernest Epscomb, III
Holmquist, John Umback and Andre"
Espen.
Miss Elna Swanson, who closed. ?
successful term of school in Falrvlee
school, district 81, on February p
opened a spring term in the Lone
Star school of the same district OF
March z.
Miss Linda Hall visited the Ante
lope schools Tuesday. She reports
that chicken pox and measles ha.e
greatly interfered with attendance y
the grades. Miss Goldie lruaA'
teacher of the fifth and sixth grades'
has returned after an absence on ae
count Of chicken pox, and Miss Len55
Truax, teacher of the third "i.4
fourth grades, is taking her turn =
absence for the same reason.
The producers news., 1927-03-11
East Laughs as Veto Smashes Farm
Relief

East Laughs as Veto Smashes Farm
Relief
Washington - (FP) ~ Pres. Coo
lidge's veto of the McNary- -Haugen
bin kills all hope Of the farmers that
the federal government will do any
thing this year to mitigate their po-
verify since they were deflated by the
federal reserve board in 1920.
Farm depression, acknowledged by
Coolidge in his veto message, re-
mains the outstanding fact in nation
al economies, in contrast to the pros
perity of manufacturers and railroad
owners. 1t has led the small town
merchants and bankers, real estate
men and professional men, in west
and south in recent months, to join
in petitions to congress and the white
house to eact this McNary- -Haugen
measure into law. For the first time
in half a century the quarrel of the
small town merchants with the farm
ers has been set aside, while whole
| communities ~ suffering because ag-
riculture was ruined-urged Wash
/ ingtOn to save them.
Senators and congressman from
the industrial east laugh at sugges-
tions that the farmers Of the west
and south will start a new cycle OF
political protest They predict that
the resentment of the farmers viii
subside within few weeks ol
months, and that Coolidge will no.
suffer, in his third-term projects
from the results of this veto.
Western politicians take the view
! that the debt-ridden farmers will be
gin a slaughter Of the henchmen o
the administration, and that a meas
ure far more radical than the Nc
| Nary-Haugen bill viii be put througl
the new congress by impressive ma
jorities.
The farm leaders have tried t
make modern capitalism apply {
farming in way to give the bulk o
farmers a chance to live. Thei
spokesmen in congress interpret tn
veto as a rebuke.
The producers news., 1927-03-11
"OVER-PRODUCTION'' is A MYTH
IT DOESN'T EXIST

4 writer IN the Denver Post, \. u. Hayes de-
clares:
What America needs is not vast in
in population but a vast increase in
sanity. If the present population were
properly fed, properly clothed, properly
housed and equipped there would be no
surplus of wheat corn, cotton OF automo-
biles. In country so rich there should
be no poor people.
That's truth and logic, say /!
And what colossal bunk and bosh is all this
hubbub about "overproduction" and surplus farm
products" There is never overproduction-but
there is always under-consumpton. 1t does not
matter how many bushel of potatoes apples, corn.
or wheat produced there are always millions
of our population who are underfed and hungry.
1t does not matter how many tons of wool or
bales of cotton produced there are always mil
Inns who are ragged and half-clad and suffering
from lack Of needful clothing 1t does not matter
how many bricks are made, how much cement is
mined, how much lumber is produced, there are
always millions who have no roof over their
heads and millions who live in poor cheap, unsani
tary houses and shacks.
To talk about "overproducton" in a nation
where millions Of citizens are constantly COMPEL
ed to skimp, and save and economize-where mil
lions are compelled to go without the comfort.
and necessities to which they are entitled becaus,
they cannot afford to buy them, is the sheeres
nonsense and stupidity.
As well might we say that there is an cover
production" of land, because there are millions o.
fertile acres lying idle and unoccupied. Why ar,
these acres idle and unoccupied? Is it becaus,
nobody wants land? Not at ALL It is because
those who want land cannot afford to pay th
price of those who own it. The spectators il
land have raised the price so high that those VIII
want land cannot afford to buy it and many o
those who own it cannot afford to keep it. Tn
spectators in land have fenced the people ava
from the land by high prices-and thus it come
that millions of fertile acres lie idle and unuse
while millions of human beings crowd into tester
ing cities because they cannot afford to pay tn
price demanded for land
And likewise with all the products of industr
there is a surplus Of goods NOT because tn
farmers and workers do not need the goods an
cannot absorb them-but because they cannot pa
the price; they are TOO POOR to BUY BACI
from the Profiteers the very goods which thei
own labor producedl 1t is the robber PROFI
TEERING SYSTEM which produces this so-calle
artificial surplus" 1t is this system which take
away from the producers two-thirds Of the pro
ducts Of their toll, calls it surplus" stores
away in warehouses and then scours the world i
quest Of a foreign market" for its goods; ever
pound Of which should have been consumed q
home in the nation which produced them
"Over-production" while men and women an
ragged hungry and shelterlessl
"Over-production"- while millions 90 withor
the comforts and necessities Of ordinary civilize
life
"Over-production"-th word is a cunning falls.
hood, sham and decoy.-Humanity
The producers news., 1927-03-11
WASHINGTON GOSSIP
BY LAURENCE TODD. FederatedPress.

seizure of the entire country, Brit
ish Intervention enables secretary
Kellogg to declare, in defiance of the
facts, this his occupation of Nicar-
aqua and virtual annexation of that
republic are necessary to prevent
British aggression in the western
hemisphere.
The producers news., 1927-03-11
}. WHAT Is THE INCOME FROM CAPITAL
(ENTREPRENEUR'S PROFITS?)

In former times the different forms of capital
commercial, lending-obtained their income in
different ways When industrial capital appeared
it also began to receive its income in different
way, namely, from the workers who were depriv-
ed of the means of production and compelled to
sell their labor power. AS the capitalist method
of production developed, the surplus value created
by the workers increased greatly and became the
largest source from which the whole capitalist
class obtained its income The industrial capital
lists however, do not enjoy the undivided advant-
age of the income which they extract from the
exploitation of the workers. They are compelled
to divide it with the landlords from whom they
rent buy the land for their industrial and com
mercial enterprises and with the bankers from
whom they borrow the money for the carryng-on
Of their undertakings. That income which the
landlords receive is called rent and that which the
banks receive is called interest.
34.-WHAT IS RENT?
When small peasant farming predominated and
every peasant had his own field and farmhouse
and when the other hand, there were large
areas of untitled soil, then there was no rent
Rent could appear only with the development OF
commodity economy, with the complete enthrone-
ment of private ownership of land, when the pro-
ducts of agriculture had become commodities II
particular rent began to develop and increas,
when land began to accumulate in the hands o
/ large owners and landlords who became lane
monopolists When the largest and best part o.
the land is in the hands Of the landlords, wher
with the growth of the population the demand fol
land gets continually greater, when with the de
velopment Of the capitalist method of production
the need of the capitalist class for land ais,
grows, then the landlord renting out his land, ex
tracts from it a continually increasing income
without any additional labor-then the land gives
a continually increasing income which, in general
is called rent Different districts Of course, Civ
different amounts of rent, depending on the quail
~ of the land the richness Of the soil, woods, an'
waters, the situation with regard to the sun, als
the proximity to cities, factories, ways of com
munication etc.
The price of the products of agriculture is de
termined by the cost of production not on the bes
or average quality land, but on the worst both il
regard to quality and means Of reaching the mar
ket. The difference between the price Of produc
ton Of products on the worst and best land give
the differential rent
(To Be Continued Next Week
The producers news., 1927-03-11

"Tex" Guinan, famous New York night club pro-
prietoress. and Aimee Semple Mcpherson, Los
Angeles s'Vamp in Vestments.p played return en-
gagements at each Others show IN Gotham last
week-stunt stuff to which even the famous old
Banum could not find fault.
The producers news., 1927-03-11

1t now develops that instead Of only one billion
dollar business, there are seven in the United
States. Even so, we can't find farmers name
in the list.
The producers news., 1927-03-11

Famed London artist says English girls is most
perfect ankle. We're above such things over
here. We've been judging knees for two years
now
The producers news., 1927-03-11

More than 1000 applications were made to the
President for place on the five-man Federal Ra-
dio Commissioned $4,000 per year Which
shows how general is our national patriotism-to
do something for our country.
The producers news., 1927-03-11
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FILL OUT THIS BLANK AND MAIL, SAME TO THE PRODUC-
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busters Addition. and pay same upon delivery
Address
The producers news., 1927-03-11
OF POLITICAL EDUCA-
TION
CONTINUED from last Week.


81. WHAT is ABSOLUTE SURPLUS VALUE?
Under absolute surplus value is understood that
surplus value which the capitalist extracts by
means of lengthening the working day.
Absolute surplus value is a phenomenon relating
more to the early period of capitalism or to the
capitalism of backward counties In the early
period of capitalism the industrial undertakings
have still comparatively little constant capital and
relatively much variable capital still few ma
chimes, and much living labor power Under these
conditions the capitalist perceives the possibility
of increasing the surplus value by means of
lengthening the working time At this stage one
often meets with working days 12, Ia, 16, and
even Is hours long The striving of the capital
lists to extract absolute surplus value calls forth
the particularly strong opposition of the working
class and leads to a stubborn struggle in the form
of strikes
32. WHAT is RELATIVE SURPLUS VALUE?
Relative surplus value is extracted by the capi-
talist by means of the ntensfication of labor
4 with the development of machine methods) i. e.
a greater intensity of labor per unit of time.
The simple lengthening of the working day as
mentioned above, meets with the opposition of the
working class BY experience the capitalist comes
to the conclusion that the of machines makes
possible broad extension of the division of labor
leads to considerable increase Of his commodi-
ty riches. A furious progress in machine meth
DDS sets in raising extraordinarily the productive
ty Of labor, but at the time time making the
worker work (athough for short time) witt
greater intensity depending on the speed Of tn,
machine.
In this way we have an increase of surpu.
value from the other end, by means Of squeezing
out the strength of the worker in short time
and in this case we have the increase Of the rela
tive surplus value.
The production of relative surplus value is on
of the essential features of developed capitalism.
AN increase ia relative surplus value also take
place when without any manifest harm TO production
r labor power having higher cost e. & mems labo
power is replaced by cheapcr-women's or childrens
or when American workers replaced by Chimes,
etc. In these cases besides the increase in relav
" surplus value there may also take place ncreas
q in absolute surplus value by means of lengthenin
the working day of these backward element Of III
proletarat who less capable of organized OPP,
sition.