davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1927-12-04

are bold beyond their strength; they
run risks which prudent people would
condemn, and in the midst of misfor.
tune they are full of hope.
Yhey are always abroad. Their
bodies they devote to their country. as
though they belonged to other men;
their true selves are their minds"
1t was this audience and this en-
vironment that stimulated the creative
genius of Athens and produced in the
Greek drama the greatest contribution
ever made to the literature Of Europe.
Eschylus. -sf
1t was religion that suggested
drama and lFschylus who invented it.
We have seen it potential in the fes.
tive professions of the Dionysian cult.
The song and dance of the worship.
ers generated the chorus and the cho.
rus generated the play. Legend tells
how Thespis, toward the end Of the
sixth century before Christ, Sc.
lected a member of the chorus to act
special role in the religious or myth.
ical story which formed the theme of
the choral song. Eschylus added a
second actor as foil to the first, and so
visualized that conflict of wills which
is the essence of drama. ..
!. The Father of Tragedy was born
at Eleusis in SIS B. G.. At 35 he fought
in the battle of Marathon and saw his
brother seriously wounded at his side.
When Eschylus died he chose for his
epitaph not his r. achievements in
drama but his bravery in war. BE.
meath this stone lies Eschylus; = =
of his noble prowess the grove of
Marathon can speak. or the long.
haired Persian, who knows it WELL"
He had submitted plays nine years
before Marathon; but not till he was
Al did he win a prize; success Is the
grandchild of failure. Thereafter he
gained 12 victories, one every second
year. All in all, he wrote some 80
plays, Of which seven remain. His
tory" as Bacon said, els the planks
of shipwreck." Many of them as
their author phrased it, are "slices
from the great banquet of Homer ~
epilogues to the great tale of Troy
Thrre of them constitute the "Oresteia'
trilogy, which Gilbert Murray has
AGschylus, and probably of all Greek
drama" while John Addington Sy
monds considered it the greatest work
in all literature.
X k X n
The first play of the trilogy, named
after Agamemnon. begins where
Homer left off: Troy has been taken
and the victorious King is returning
home. He is awaited rather anxiously
by his wife, Clytemnestra; for this
Greek premonition of Lady Macbeth
has declared a moratorium on mo
nogany in his absence, and has taken
Egisthus as a temporary husband
When her conscience complains she
Evening star., 1927-12-04
BY HENRY w. BUM.

II" "HE following is brief sum-
mary of the most important
news of the world for the
seven days ended December 3:
Tile British Empire.--We are In
formed that the Communist party OF
Great Britain has only 1877 members,
of whom 1900 are in South Wales,
/ 500 in Scotland, 1921 i'm London. 544
in Manchester and 104 in Liverpool.
The membership of the British trade
unions totals between 100000 and
5 5,00O, 900.
Sir Edward Grigg. Governor of
Kenya, Is. or recently was, In Lon
don, not on vacation but for consulta-
ton with Col. Amery, the colonial
secretary. For Kenya's s famous color
problem" is again in most acute
phase.
Kenya is a crown colony on the
eastern coast of Africa north Of Tam
ganyika territory and south of Abys.
sinia. It's area is 243, 900 square miles,
It's population about 2,650,000. OF
these 12,50O are whites" $1,000 In
dians (from British India), 10000
Arabs and the rest black natives. /
put whites" in quotation marks, be-
cause the Arabs are dark-whites and
the Indians more or less SO. The
white planters, I take 1t, wish to ex-
ploit the country to their very par
ticular advantage in the old way (no
doubt with considerable mitigations,
but still exploitation" is the word).
They propose to run the show not
only as regards the natives, but also
as regards the Indians and the Arabs.
The Governor of kenya, appointed
by the crown, is assisted by legis-
lative council consisting Of IL elected
whites, S elected Indians, / elected
| Arab, / member nominated by the
governor especially to represent the
natives and, in addition, sufficient
| nominated official members to insure
an official ma jority." It's this addi-
ton that sticks in the crops of the
| white planters, that thwarts their
plans, so much so that 'tis said they
threaten secession from the empire.
The attitude of the present British
forth by the government in 1928, as
| follows:
'In the administration Of Kenya
the government regards itself as ex-
ercising a trust in behalf OF the Afri.
can population, and 1t is unable to
delegate or share this trust, the OBJ
| ject of which may be defined as the
protection and advancement of the
native races. This paramount duty or
trusteeship will continue, as In the
past, to be carried out under secre-
tary of state for the colonies by agents
of the imperial, government and by
| them alone"
The problem is very pretty one.
and the manner of dealing with 1t OF
high significance for the empire. In
the statement quoted above there is
| delicate omission of reference to the
| British governments trusteeship OF
the rights of his Britannia majesty s
Indian subjects. Shortly after the
statement was issued the government
somewhat backed down to the kenya
whites" in respect of certain claims
advanced by the Indian immigrants
in Kenya. 1t is not clear whether the
present difficulty relates to such
claims or to the rights of the natives.
There is in Kenya plateau district
of $4,000 acres which, though on the
Equator, is suited for habitation by
tight whites. The colony is self-sup.
porting and has balanced budget.
Evening star., 1927-12-04

Washington. however, promptly de.
clined. :5z@.4 - y =
Having in mind Litvinov's silly pro.
posal, BRAND observed to the French
Chamber as follows: "At Geneva we
are being asked to renounce the whole
of our armed forces. But who is going
to assure us that all are going to lay
down arms simultaneously? If in re.
ply to this invitation, the sincerely
pacific nations threw down their arms,
would the others also? OF necessity
there must be close combination be.
tween security and disarmament"
The present indication is that the
Polish Lithuanian controversy will be
the chief business dealt with by the
League Council at it's session com.
mencing December 6. For impudence
1t would be difficult to match the note
OF Moscow to; Warsaw in that con.
nection. Warsaw showed good sense in
allowing complete freedom of action
to the Council in the effort to find a
solution OF the vexatious problem.
4 II y
M1sceIlaneOuS.-It Is reported that
at least the French and Italian gov.
ernments have reached definite agree.
ment respecting the so.long-ago pro-
posed construction of a tunnel under
Mont Blanc to be 14,500 yards long
and to shorten the time by express
train from Paris to Milan or Rome
by at least three hours.
The Franco-Jugoslav treaty signed
on November IL is of the same mild
complexion as the treaties now of some
age between France and Czechoslo.
V9kiQ q nd
solini was not justified in taking. of.
fense thereat, but take offense he did,
and manifested the same rather child.
ishly by way of a new twenty.year
treaty. between Italy and Albania of
the most binding sort.
Dr. MANU-, head of the National
PEASANTS party of Rumania, continues
intransigent. refusing to participate in
a coalition cabinet and demanding i'm.
mediate dissolution of Parliament, to
oe followed at once by honestly con-
Quoted general elections.
The Polish Parliament has been dis.
solved. 1t Is thought that general
elections will be held in February.
Reports from Marking claim i'm.
portant victories for the forces of the
Nanking government and it's ally, Gen.
F'eng Yu Hsiang, in the Provinces of
Honan. Anhwei and Kiangsu, against
Gen. Chang Tsung Chang and Gen.
Sun Chuan Feng. One hears with
proper emotion that Gen. Chang Tsung
Chang has been wounded in the leg
and confesses to stomach full of
fighting.
A census just completed shows the
population OF Mexico as 14,325,000.
The two-hundreGth volume of the
Loeb Classical Library has just been
published. We have here one of the
most noble. enterprises of our age.
Each volume consists of a Greek or
Latin text with English translation.
the original and the translation run.
ming side by side. With scarcely an
exception the editing of the original is
adequate. most of the translations are
satisfactory, some of them superb.
The formal is charming. One hears
without surprise that the backer. of
the enterprise, Mr.. James Loeb. has
lost "a pretty penny. and one fondly
hopes that he can afford to keep on
losing until the series shall include
everything of Greek or Latin worth
preserving. Was ever. money more
pleasantly lostf
Evening star., 1927-12-04

certain class), freemen and slaves. En-
thusiasts came the night before to
stand in line for the better seats; they
attached as much Importance to the
drama as we attach to professional
games. But their behavior was not
above that of blelcher congregation.
They Kissed as readily as they ap-
plauded, they kicked the seats with
their heels as a mode of dramatic
criticism, and in general they made
more noise than Plato liked. They ate
nuts and fruit as they listened; and 1t
seemed to Aristotle that the failure OF
a play might be judged from the eX-
ceptional quantity of food eaten by
the crowd. Those who could afford
it supplied food to the actors, too.
when the play was particularly un.
satisfactory: so that a bad play was
Ia good means of collecting pro-
visions. But along with figs and
olives would sometimes come sharp
stones: 4Eschines was almost stoned
to death for a poor play. Dramatists
came to guard against such showers
by installing claqueurS at strategic
points; at times they threw nuts to
the audience as a bribe to peace. FIRE.
quently the crowd took active control:
it threatened the life of 1Eschylus for
oIC VI tIO
Eleusinian mysteries; it occasionally
stampeded the judges into awarding
the state prize not to the best but to
the most popular play, and once it re-
fused to permit play Of Euripides to
continue until the old dramatist had
suavely apologized for an irreverent
line.
What they had above all was en-
durance. On each of three successive
days they listened to four perform.
ances-three tragedies and one COM
edy: it was in such groups that rival
dramatists usually submitted their
plays. Picture a modern audience.
restless and yawning. trying to hear
four dramas at q sitting; only In
Bayreuth is it conceivable. 1t is true
that the audience now and then COM
PEELED the abandonment of play that
bored them, and clamored for the
next; it was a summary method of
abbreviating a windy program. But
sometimes, too, they called for the
repetition of passages that pleased
them; and story has it that Socrates
once applauded so persistently as to
win an encore for the opening lines OF
a play by his friend Euripides.
Probably no dramatists in later his.
tory have ever played to SO vast and
intelligent an audience. The triumph
of the Greeks at Marathon and Sala.
mis- had stimulated thought as well as
trade and had given the Athenians a
boundless confidence and a lively
pride. You have never considered
what manner Of men these Athenians
are" wrote their greatest historian,
Thuoydides. They are revolutionary,
equally quick in the conception and
the execution Of every new plan; they
Evening star., 1927-12-04

perfectly satisfactory Sultan from
the French point of view.
~tf X y u
United States of .America.-Of the
many matters calling for legislative
action by the new Congress, the fol.
lowing are, perhaps, the most i'm.
portant: Flood control, agricultural
relief, tax reduction considered in rela.
ton to reduction of the public debt,
railroad consolidation, immigration.
naval construction, the merchant
marine, internal waterways, including
Mr.. Hoover's Mississippi system and
the project Of channel for ocean,
going craft from the Great Lakes to
the sea; the Boulder Dam and Muscle
Shoals problem and the disposition of
seized enemy private property.
With 237 Republicans, 1876 Demo-
Gratis, Farmer-Laborites and /
Socialist in the new House, the Re-
publican majority therein will be 80,
as against the Republican ma jority of
So in the previous House. With
Senators-elect Ware of Pennsylvania
and Frank L. Smith seated, the new
Senate would be made up of 48 Re.
publicans. AZ Democrats and Farmer
Laborite (Shipstead of Minnesota)
With Senators.elect Ware and Smith
excluded. the Senate would be made
up of AZ Democrats, 46 Republicans
and l FarmerLaborite. The above fig
ures do not include Vice President
Dawes. who in case of tie would
have the deciding vote. f's.
X i. X u
The League.-The League of Nations
prepatory disarmament commission
| met again at Geneva on Wednesday
| to resume it's extremely difficult task
Of making preparations carrying
promise of success for a general dis.
armament conference. The grand
question is, Should security or should
disarmament take precedence" "Se.
curity, by all MEANS" say a group
headed by the French. Disarmament,
of course" retort a smaller group in
| which the Germans have been most
prominent.
The latter group is strengthened by
the adhesion thereto Of the Russian
delegation, headed by Litvinoff, newly
| added to the commission, but not suffi.
GENTLY so. The session had scarcely
opened when, bursting with buncombe
and bosh, NJ. Litvinoff proposed i'm
mediate abolition of all land, sea and
air forces, destruction of all fortifica.
tions and warships, of all war material
of whatever sort. and an end to mill
tary training. 1t was so evident that
only by considerable effort of
courtesy did his hearers refrain from
laughter at this piece of propagandish
nonsense that NJ. Litvinoff made no
demur to motion that consideration
Of his proposal be indefinitely post
poned.
A security committee, subordinate to
the commission, was formed as re-.
solved by the last Assembly. 1t is
thought that the commission will soon
adjourn, the date of its reassembling
to be fixed with reference to expec-
'tation of report from the security
committee, which has gone briskly to
work. Litvinov declined Russian mem.
bership in the committee. but was will.
ing that Russian should be attached
as observer" Hugh II. Wilson. the
representative of our Government on
the preparatory commission, an
nounced that our Government was
unwilling to be represented on the
committee, but he agreed to forward
by cable to Washington cordial in
vitation to attach an observer"
Evening star., 1927-12-04
Dinosaur Eggs in Mongolian Desert
Aid Science i'm Prehistoric EndeavOrs

The discovery of the dinosaur eggs
, in the Shabarakh Usu Desert Of Mon.
golia means much more to the world
of science than the fact that they may
| now be viewed in glass case in the
dinosaur hall of the American Mu-
scum of Natural History. BY means
of the eggs the ancient climatic his
tory of that part of the world may De
| read more easily. And as climate is
always a basic factor in economic
progress, the prehistoric story of
early animals and early man may
more easily be deduced.
AS Frederick K. Morris, one OF the
biologists Of the Central Asiatic eXpe-
ditiOns of the museum, explains, the
dinosaur eggs form part of the evil
dence of the beginning of gradual
change in climate from the warm wet
of lush, swampy country to desert
aridity. The torrid swamp lands were
a paradise for the large dinosaurs.
But with the gradual drying up of
the country these giant reptiles. in
spite of their size, found themselves
unable to cope with the situation and
slowly died out. The approach of
aridity foretold the beginning Of the
end of the living conditions of the
dinosaurs Of that period. The swamps
were replaced by upland conditions
and arid to semi-arid climate and the
giant reptiles by small. light, rather
speedy dinosaurs. 1t was this smaller
species that laid the eggs.
1t had long been known that this
change in climate took place with its
resulting change in fauna. But the
dinosaur eggs helped biologists fix the
approximate date Of the beginning Of
this change, at least in Central Asia.
And the eggs contributed this evidence
by the manner of their preservation.
They were preserved in sand. Such
sand. so bedded, meant the encroach-
nent of marching dunes on the rook-
cries where the dinosaurs nested.
The eggs. it was found, had been
lightly crushed by force so slight
that 1t had not completely disrupted
the inner lining of the shell under the
hard outer shell. The outer shell had
been cracked. but the fragments had
remained in place, sticking to the in.
ner lining which was evidently almost
intact. Only one force could crack
the eggs without breaking them and
that was the gradually growing weight
Of sand blown by the wind. The
weight Of sand blown over tine eggs
would slowly become sufficient to
crack the outer shell and puncture the
inner lining without much displacing
it. Grains Of sand would sift inside
the eggs through the punctures till
the eggs were completely filed and
were solid enough to withstand all
further pressure without breaking.
The decision that the eggs were
those Of dinosaurs was reached by q
Evening star., 1927-12-04
COndOliers Granted
Plea for Rate Raise


Perhaps the only thing which has
officially increased in price during the
present Italian government campaign
to lower the cost of Living is the gon-.
doliers tariff in Venice. And the
curious result is that now tourists
pay less for their gondola rides thar
before. For years the Venetian au-
thorities waged war against the gen-'
doliers to oblige them to observe thes
official tariff Of 10 lire an hour IA llra.
is now worth about centsl B&t /.
these tough gentry are beyond the !.
control of any power. human or Iii :
vine. They decided their price was ]
20 lire. and generally got 1t. In. I.
despair the authorities consented to
15.lira rate The gondoliers ac.''
cepted. and now the tourist may
really ride for the official price---s
Otter. !,
Evening star., 1927-12-04

process of elimination. Dinosaurs, be -
ing reptiles, laid eggs. But so did
the birds and tortoises of that period.
1t was deduced. however. that the"
eggs could have been laid only by
dinosaurs. as the only skeletons of ,
egglaying animals found near the .
eggs were dinosaur skeletons and
there were many of those. No bones
Of birds were found in that spot and.
none Of tortoises except little frag- =
ments. while there were countless .,
dinosaur skeletons. Prehistoric bird
bones have been discovered in other
places, while everywhere else in Mons
golia tortoise bones have survived ande;
their eggs have not, showing that .,
where the creatures were present their
bones have remained. 1t is unthink
able that their delicate eggs should 4
survive while their bones were derv.
stroyed. ....s :.
Thus those eggs left so long ago by
the female dinosaur were filled with
sand. buried and lost. AS ages passed
they were fossilized. Found at last
by man. they now. thanks to science. "a,
point the way to still further knowl- !,
edge Of the history Of the earth.
Evening star., 1927-12-04
The Story the Week Has Told

It's chief exports are coffee (of excel
lent quality, maize and hides. A rail-
road runs from Mombasa, the chief
port, some 500 miles to Lake Victoria,
and there are sundry branch lines. A
motor road runs north from the cap
ital, Nairobi, to the Sudan and south
to Tanganyika. The chief economic
difficulty Is that the native population
| is insufficient for intensive cultivation
both of the Europeans farms and of
the native reserves. The whites"
feel that the natives are selfish in that
they are more interested in the latter
than in the former. A British parli-
amentary commission. after visit of
careful inspection, humerously hit the
nail on the head by dubbing the Eu-
ropean planters pioneers in a hurry"
Mombasa has romantic history in
which Persians, Arabs, Portuguese
and British figure. In the palmy days
Of Chinese navigation 1t was the most
distant port of call for Chinese junks.
A body known as the Indian
Statutory Commission" headed by the
eminent Liberal lawyer, Sir John
Simon, will sail for India in January
to study the working of the "Dyarchy"
system and report and recommend.
X * X X
Belgium.-A good deal Of doubt is
felt as to the prospect of long life
of the new Jaspar cabinet of Belgium.
To be sure, it has the support OF all
| the groups in Parliament except the
Socialists, but even SO it's margin is
precarious. The late government of
the National Union, headed by Jaspar
and representative of all the groups.
felt this, because Of the Socialists in
| transigence insistence on drastic re-
duction of the term of service with
| the colors,
| 1t was formed to insure solid nation
wide support of the drastic policy
looking to fiscal and financial saliva
ton; it's task in that kind was not
completed. Unfortunately the Social
lists could no longer restrain their
spirit of faction, could no longer post
| pone party to patria. The military
issue should not have been allowed
to prejudice the fiscal and financial
program.
Russia.-For many weeks rumors
| have been rife importing widespread
insurrection in the Ukraine-rumors
which Moscow has been at suspi-
ciously elaborate pains to contradict.
to have been fairly established. Some
accounts aver that the uprisings,
though numerous, widespread and
fierce, not being co.ordinated. have
been completely suppressed. Accord
ing to other accounts the uprisings
continue on an ever.increasing scale.
more and more menacingly to Musco-
vite supremacy. There is reason to
believe that both sides have conduct.
ed operations with a ferocity and
unnecessary spilling of blood in keep
ing with the noblest traditions of
mother Russia.
u X X
MOrOccO.-Mulay Mohammed Ben
| Yussef Ben Hassan. the new Sultan
| of Morocco. Is only IA years Of ago.
| Why he should have been elevated
over the heads of two older brothers,
| one aged 10, one Is, does not precisely
appear. Formally the election was in
| accordance with immemorial customs
| by a college of native dignitaries.
Actually one supposes the choice cor
responded with the wishes Of the
| French authorities. Mulay Yussef,
who died at the early age of As. was
Evening star., 1927-12-04

-Four thousand girl and boy violinists
played in an orchestra at Crystal
Palace, Belfast, when the Nationalct
Union of School Orchestras held their !
annual festival recently.
Evening star., 1927-12-04
The Story of Civilization

Note.--In the thirteenth instalment OF ms
STORY of Civilization" TO he published next
sunday. DR.. .Durant will write Of "Euripldes
the Human"
Evening star., 1927-12-04

BY use of new device small electric
heaters placed in the vestibules of
street cars keep the windows free from
snow and ice. thus giving the motor
man clear vision.
Evening star., 1927-12-04

Continued on Sixteenth Page.)
Evening star., 1927-12-04


Congress has gone so far as to
recognize the need of such allow
ances by authorizing appropriations
for ambassadors or ministers. and
for 5consuls who may be I'm foreign
capitals where we have no envoy, but
the other consuls. of whom an over
whelming majority are not in capi-
tails, do not benefit by the authorize
tion. However, the authority to
make even this limited appropria-
lion for expense funds has never
been used by Congress, for no ap-
preparations have been made. and the,
ENJOYS and a few favored consuls
have not benefited by the gesture of
Iiberality.
The relief. If finally granted In an
appropriation, will not be adequate
=, view cf the demands made upon
ali consuls, regardless of their loca =
ton. Out i'm Java, world cruising
chip will unload several hundred oi