Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-24
BACKGROUND OF EVENTS
BY PAUL =. COLLINS.

has no "lame ducks" holding over
for a year after defeat.
The government" or cabinet, in
Great Britain is selected theoretically
by the King, but in reality by the
majority ruling. Parliament. and 1t
dies whenever it is not sustained by
the elected representatives of the
masses. What has Mr.. Wells found in
the evolution of governmental power
in his own England to sustain his at
tack on democracy and to affirm his
claims that civilization is trending
back toward monarchical form of gov
eminent? Even the Address From
the Throne" is written by the prime
minister, and never by the ruler
upon the throne, and the prime min
lister is put there by public sentiment
supporting the principles and policies
he represents.
+ i, X
There is Italy--a monarchy" Ask
Mussolini how much power remains in
the hands of the Italian King To
speak disrespectfLlly of that private
soldier Of the World War-now the
Dictator of Italy and the chief men
ace to the peace of Europe--neans
imprisonment for a long term, if it
does not bring execution for treason.
Freedom of speech and of the press
has ceased absolutely in that mon
archy, and no citizen may express SEN
tiinents not in accord with the policies
of the head of F'ascismo State CEN
sorshlp edits the public press. Liberty.
which was the cloak of the demand for
the Italian dictatorship, has ceased I'M
der that dictatorship. Italy is cropping,
not toward greater freedom, but
G1AfE AT. H.,
strict discipline of the state. Fascism
regards the state. not the individual.
All efforts and all efficiency of the PEG.
pie must tend to the upbuildlng of the
state-of which Mussolni, like the
Grand Monarch of France, conceives
himself to be 1t.
Sociaiistic theory. however chimeri.
can, processes that the state control of
all energy and production by the
masses should inure to the benefit Of
It's citizens. each for all. but Fascism
taxes the reverse, and demands all in.
dlVldual effort for the benefit of the
state.
In that regard. wherein lies the
dlHerence IN practice between Fascism
and Soviet Communism? Russia has
passed out of the hands of the Car
and grand dukes into the power of
communistfc dictators, but the masses
f1nd their liberties no freer than when
they were enslaved to royal masters.
SO much for the struggle for human
perfection of government. seeking to
check the power of royalty. Poland
was freed by the allies and associates.
fghtlng the World War. Surely, if
anywhere be found safe democracy,
hyy "a
should be in the liberated Republic of
Poland.
Ask it's dictator, Pilsudski, how free
it Is. Thrice was he offered the presi-
dency, which he did thrice refuse. He
even refused to accept the premier.
ship, though as premier he would
have dictated every policy-until the
Parliament failed to approve his
policies. Pilsudski merely selected his
puppets whom he made President and
premier and for all other officials in
the cabinet. and he took the ministry
OF war, which gave him absolute
power over the army and, through
the army, over the government and
nation. Then he let the Parliament
go ahead and overturn or support his
chosen government, with the clear
understanding that, if Parliament be-
came obStreperous, Parliament would
be dissolved. and If the President
whom he had made failed to listen
to the head of the army, he might as
well resign as be shot Pilsudski
rules.
Poland the republic, ruled by a. hid
den dictator. demonstrates that war.
made democracy" is as great a fail.
ure as II. G. Wells thinks all democ-
racy is becoming.
China. today, is neither a democracy
nor a kingdom. but a dual military
dictatorship. Whittier it is trending
will be determined ronly by battle
GaSes a. was the oSiHanal achieve