davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30
Monk Not Inuentor of
Musical Scale Notes

What Is the origin Of these syllables,
DO, Re, Mi, Fa, So, La, 81, as names
for the seven notes of the musical
scale? In histories of music their in
Vention or discovery is attributed to
Guido d'Arezzo or Aretinus, a Bene-
dictine monk who lived near Ravenne
Italy, in the first half of the Eleventh
century. AS q music teacher of his
fellows In the Pomposa monastery he
was credited with the production Of a
teaching of music which gave imme-
dlate results in singing that before
him could scarcely be attained in ten
years.
Guido went to Rome to teach Pope
John to sing and he met with COM
plete success by means of his new
syllables; after but one lesson the
pope was able to find the tone of an
antiphon and to sing it. Guido called
MS system sOlmisatiOn; 1t consisted in
part of the use of the now well-known
syllables.
But deeper search into the history
of these syllables or kindred ones dis
closes that they were used by the Hin
dus long before. The earliest mention
OF the musical scale (the seven notes)
occurs In the Vedangas, the Chandas
and the Siksha. This early notation
preceding the Christian religion
passed from the Hindus to the Per-
SLAMS, from these TO the Arabs and
finally, in the time of the Crusades,
to Europe. There is no doubt that
Guido d'Arezzo did not invent them,
out his Is the honor of introducing
them Into European music.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

Free lunch at the Johnny Baker
Post Auxiliary's prize card party at
Phyllis Wheatley House, sos Bas-
sett Place, Minneapolis, Friday night,
May 6.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

May Day Festival and Bodied
Hair Contest to be given by the Col
Ored Women's Pioneer Economic
Club of St. Paul Saturday evening,
May 2, at Union Hall. Dancing. Ad-
mission so cents.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

Free lunch at the Johnny Baker
e Post Auxiliary's prize card party at
Phyllis Wheatley House, SOOS Bas-
sett Place, Minneapolis, Friday night,
May 6.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

Kings Daughters Charity Circle
will sponsor Musical Recital by the
Carter Family, Thursday, May S,
S:15 p. m. at st. James Church.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30
GIRLS WANTED

Girls wanted to enter a popularity
contest. Valuable prizes to be given
away. Apply the St. Paul Echo.
GA Court Block, Cedar 1879.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30
GIRLS WANTED

Girls wanted to enter a popularity
contest. Valuable prizes to be given
away. Apply the st. Paul Echo.
GA Court Block, Cedar 1879.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

Hold Monday evening, May 9th for
a May Festival at the Coliseum.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

Why not put subscribing for the
Echo in your cooperation plans?
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30
PAGE FOUR
COMING ATTRACTIONS

Clarence johnson will entertain
you at the Fellowship Dance, May 2,
at the Arcadia, Minneapolis.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

Hold May End for big Style Re.
view and Dance at the Coliseum.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

Our collector is going to call upon
you for your subscription.
The St. Paul echo., 1927-04-30

FOR RENT-Lower 4-rooms; bath,
electric light; stove heat; apply
Rondo.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17

tenn OF international relationships wa. worxs ,h.,
useless, we might say that now
NO one can tell what the result Of another w.,
IKE the last one would be. 1t would wreck Eur,.
pean civilization 1t is too great risk to take.
Military preparedness is all very well II will, he
many many years before il becomes atopether mn.
necessary But. for European nations There - oro
thng even mere important-one lesson that tho ,,st
war taught TO all who too blind to see. an
otner Iarge-scale war in Europe must be avoided
at all costs.
II looks as if those in control in Franco had ~,
even caught gl'mmering Of this fact. Their minds
apparently stu run in the old grooves They pre
pare 70 spend billions Of francs on Qualifications anil
elaborate defense systems, crying meanwhile tina.
the present unsettled state of foreign aff,;rso
does not permit their relaxing their vigilance for
the national safety.
This is not our problem Our condition ;s differ.
en'' we are more isolated. richer, more removed
from the cross-currents Of European hatreds. W..
u" hot nave lcng list Of traditional enemies
sucn as each European nation has Nor-let us say
IL gratefully-do we have rulers who still condnc.
international affairs If foreign politics were somc
absorbing game, in which armies and navies uere
counters
France may build her mighty ring Of fortrossos
!" sne wishes But the fact remains that these will
not keep ner out Of war il her rulers and the ruler,
OF ner neighbors do not buckle down promptlv 70 =
real effort to make impossible; nor will thew
save her from bankruptcy and ruin il another full
sized war does come.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
Debating Ex.Kaiser Bill

ohe q Inc most impressive things about a great
airshp station is the quickness with which the ua.
balloons can be Debated. One moment thu o;rsb;,
IS gigantic swaying thing, seemingly capablc Of
slipping away from its human captors and go;np
| on forever The next, almost it seems a more
skeleton of metal framework with shr,,nken pos
bags hanging down impotently
since the war; Germans have been enpaped IN tho
more or less profitable occupation Of debating the
greatest gas bag the world ever saw-Kascr Will
neim. There have been many books on the sub.
Ject, but two recent ones have been deadly.
One was the study Of the kaiser by Emil Ludwig
VINO took pains to exclude from his material every
en'he from foreign sources Socialist sources or
hostile nome sources. He based himself entirely
upon the memoirs, letters and diaries Of the mer
VINO surrounded the kaiser and who were his init
mates and favorites. The other book is by, Primo,
Max OF Baden, the last imperial chancellor
Prince Max doesn't have to rely upon the notes
OF others He tells what he himself saw. heard and
observed. The refugee in Holland is completely
debated. How any thinking German can ever
again take him seriously is beyond comprehension
he aid not know men. He did not know state.
craft He did not know the arts of war. He did
not even know how to demean himself as a brave
man.
Swearing descendant of Frederick the Great
would never abdcate-he abdicated And turned
tail. AND ran away. And left to others the seri-
Gus job OF facing beaten army and starving
people.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
Editorial Comment
Prison.made License Plates
b minneapolis Journan

N"A""eaPOnS JO0rnaI)
Kansas and Alabama automobile license plates
hereafter will be produced by prison labor Some
c1her states already obtain their plates from this
source. The present Minnesota legislature killed a
Dill that would have set the inmates Of the st. Cloud
Reformatory to work on Minnesota's supply.
Whether the legislature, in SO doing, acted wisely
can doubtless be determined by observation Of now
the plan works in other states The system has it's
advantages and its disadvantages. Minnesota. to
oate' has believed that the latter outweigh the
former.
mere IS at present employment for Minnesota's
Keformatory inmates, but not enough to 60 around.
Wnen the state itself is the customer one Of the
arguments against permitting prison industry to
compete with private enterprise is nufied in part
Both the board Of control and organized labor
favored turning the license plate business over IN
the St. Cloud institution
The principal objection came from Secretary q:
state Mike Holm. As his is the trying chore of dis
trDutng plates among hundreds Of thousands Of ear
owners IN the annual last minute rush, his obiec
1lon pears much weight. Secretary Holm points
out that distribution is now expedited through the
delivery by the manufacturers Of the plates already
wrapped Tor mailing Wrapping BY prison labor
nas proved unsatisfactory elsewhere for the reason
nat convtcts ere quick "a eeixe this wide.one,,
chance g smuegls communications 20 the outside |
Eortd nesibiy this objection outweiehs. the desir
leust1 a. 4sttsag Ne ,reformatofy innaat6n k
} ~ =. ~ ]. 1hlelA A*ag 1k1te ~ - JG
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
IN NEW YORK

New York, May l7.-Manhattan
snapshots: Tbs tiny Turk who
vends seed candy, on. Seventh avenue
IN the middle Thirties. You'll
know him at once because he goes
along balancing his tray of goods
on ms bare head, after the fashion
of the market folk in his home Land
-. He always draws the eve of
the newcomer. who marvels at the
dexterity with which he threads his
way through the crowds without SO
much as losing = single square Of
candy. ). And since he is but
five feet from the ground up. or
!!nereanouts. he seems like mechan-
ical table and most, folk can maLa
their purchases without troubling
him to remove the tray. u
nave seen troop Of dozen kids
follow him across the street, watch
ing him dodge machines and cut in
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17

front Of street cars hoping some da,
that he will make a mistake and tina,
they may profit richly when III.
candy spills upon the pavement
|. But It never does.
The Bird Market. HIM
dreds Of canaries tuned TO all kevs
and piercing the ears with the svm-
phony Of shriIi notes. Par
rots squawking and parokeets
screeching. Manh,attanites
longing for some contact with the
0ut-of-doors, go in for birds,
There are some million Gagged birds
IN the apartments Of New York, I
The cats made homeless as wreck.
ers go through Greenwich VILLAGE
tearing down scores of old buildings
to make way for the subway branch.
4. In one ruins, l counted four
cats. Workme1 would drive
them out, but in few m oments thew
would come sinking hack.
!ney perched forlornly about. refns-
ing to leave until the last bit Of
flooring had disappeared. Then thew
Joined that great army Of homeless
cats that salvage the city's cutters.
At the dinner given RECENTLY for
Ed Howe, the Kansas editor, q colum-
mist who had "known Ed out there"
began to make sQuips regarding how
2 prairie editor ShOuld behave among
The "city slickers." When Howe ar
psefed. Immediately groomed I'M
evening coat, chOker and all the rest. |
e &c OF o. the quips were passed direct. i
"oh. yes remarked the newspaper
sage, NOW take thIG ssdress suit.
I've had It 40 years, and durinr
that time it has come back in stviel
1t. least five times"
There was also nm exchange 10
tween Irwin Cobb and Runer,
nugnes. Hughes. it will be recalled.
wrote the disillusioning biography
II George Washington. Hughes came
o the dinner with a cold. His voice
vas very husky.
- regret to inform you," said
;obb in introducing Hughes. chat
ne speaker is very hoarse. He used
p his voice kissing on Feb. p
his is the Boswell, YOU know. VIII"
RED to prove that if George Wash
ngton wasn't the father of his conn.
ry at least he tried to be-
GILBERT SWAN.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17

plentiful. But the little paper franc
and partial-franc pieces, issued by
the various departments during the
war, have disappeared. Once an
American soldier declared that
spending those copper sous was not
vice-it was setting.up exercise.
A pocketful could be used as ballast.
The madames in the villages like
Chissaux, Chissay and Chenonceaux.
still kill their rabbits with q whack
back Of the ears with q wash paddle.
All the old maisons are still rent
ed-without bath.
American cigarets can be bur.
chased in the Bureaus de Tabac. The
price per packet Of 20 is Z francs s. so
centimes. That's about 30 cents, in
round figures.
On a railroad train il you put
your hat on . seat in q compnrt.
ment no, one will take it. Every
one respects priority rights ON the
trains. Try that one in an Amer
lean day coach!
The boulanger still makes good
bread. with crisp crusts. It comes
in long loaves and round loaves and
lOaves like horseshoe, But the
French don't eat butter with it. And
II you want any butter you'd better
ask for it--"beurre"-that's the
word. And + is nnsalted.
TOMORROW: A Familiar Ma.
chine.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
How Much Was Learned?

the republic Of France, say press dispatches, Is
prapafine TO construct mighty ring OF forts all
along its borders
rS Ihe 1928 budget contains allowances for building
femarkable string OF fortresses The fortresses, It
ellhted are to Be linked up with earthworks rail
<Neys, airdrones. battery emplacements and 70 on;
s1tsans q francs will BE- expended to give France
complete military security.
NV, to b sure, France il in situation very Diff
Kermit from our own, and II is hardly to the point
~ eppare our own preparations with herr. Yet
sst1ie announcement dos cause one to wonder Just
aneh ths Enppsan leaders learned from the
aE6rJd War
- costly iesaenre1o costly. that Il almost
r. 11l1|Il6 niehs 1ay;t~isb 49,,
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
Tit For Tat

Our friends, the Bolsheviki, apparently know
now to pull the old tit for tat play as well as any,ne
Inc ether day Rear Admiral Mark L. Bristol, u.
,. NJ desiring to 60 to China for duty with our
1'eet there, planned to Russia instead of
making tne trip ny water. But the Soviet govern
"ent refused to give him permission to cross it's
territory.
Outrageous? Sure. But the Soviet points out
that our government refused to let the Soviet am
oassador to Mexico United States territory to
get to Mexico City, And we are left with M come
back at all.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
{; ~: !: ( ;'i!!!!y!,crM

Old Philip Schultz, the begear !,
indeed the pitiful wretch on whom,
faith and Bob were spying was phil
the beggar. had evidently suffered a
stroke Of paralysis, which had
cramped his left foot and knee
grotesquely. twisted his hin and
withered his left arm, which hung
useless from the shoulder. f.ii
Poor old dewitt" Bob whispered
10 Faith. little shame-faced. $50
that's the murderer we have been
tracking! Pretty poor sleuths y Nm +
we, honey? He couldn't kin !cat.
much less WELD that heavy q Rese
vase and crack skull with il. sS. !.
bob, please get out and pi&TAim
something" Faith pleaded af4feel
like We owe him something fo1kav.
ing suspected him. 80,
Bob vauited willingly out Of the
car, but before he approached the
cripple he stopped at the news stand
run by old Kelly, who had prom iied
to notify Bob immediately if The.
cripple anpeared at his corner.
is that Philip Schultz ?" Bob ak
ca IN low voice. as he offered three
pennies for paper. z. rs
yep. that's hiM all right" the
o!d neWsdealer Tnufmured out Of the
corner OF his mouth. did you ret
my message sent one of the news
boys to the courthouse at half past
ten. Been looking for YOU"
No, didn't get the message. Rob
told him.
Faith. watching her swee theart.
was acutel" proud of the tall, splen.
did young body that looked SO strong
and graceful as it swung up to the !
grotesque wreck Of a man. The bep-
ger bobbed his head for thanks as
Hathaway dropped large coin into
the pencil box.
why. Bob. what's the matter p,
Faith demanded, when Bob was
again at the wheel, his face stern and
Its Phil. all right. Kelly sayssso.
md his metal license tag is hanging
IN dirty cord around his neck. 30"
Faith looked and saw the crippled
'eggar beckonin,. to a taxi which
vas cruising past, apparently in
'earch OF fare. The driver Of the
lab alighted, and almost lifted the
Horribly twisted body of the beegar
nto the tonneau Of the car.
I'm going t. follow that cab and
ny to solve at least one phase q ,
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17

the mystery-find out where he
lives" Bob said grimly. "Odd that a
beggar should travel by taxi.
Il believe he recognized me as the
chap who had been on his trail and
decided to beat it before | called u
cop" Bob told her. rapidly as he
shifted gears. "Safneone in Peach
Tree Hollow may have tipped him OFT
that I've been making Inquiries for
him.
Msmorize the number Of that
cabiX Bob commanded Faith grimly.
TStce during the next few blocks
Faith, and Bob were sure they had
eau)H sight Of the cab. 1t proved a
res4S@ill O. the wisp. but at last.
abeAE ten blocks from the corner Of
e6afn@snd Columbus, "a clear half.
block granted them convincing
view Of the pursued cab, which, as
they drew up close behind it. pulled
up TO the curb before tall office
building to discharge passenger.
TOMORROW: The beggar gives
Bob the slip but he finds himself ON
. new and startling scent.
Copyright. 1927, VA Service, Inc.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
leei'eves Sick Headache ''i.s
Jaundice. Indigestion

Red Cross Pills. ! treatment n
trlcd experience: acts BY removinc
tne Cause; made OF those remed;.s
pest suited Tor The cure 81 liver Sdd-
ney, stomkch and BOWEL tronhies an
pendicitis. gall stones. constinnt;orr.
arrays dependable. never fail
Ned Cross Pills are exceii.rt -.
children; they are sugar coatcd ~oJ
peasant to take and never cnnse NM NV,
peasant symptoms. Natures t ~
.lemedy; nothing better and nothir~
th1e Will give more relief, s
Aed Cross Pills are nut nm n
natch-shaped, screw tor bottles .o,a
~ drugGists for 26c. The es,,,;n .a
e nss tee Red Cross insignia nrintsS>
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
Too Much Luxury

A l5-year-old New Jersey boy, of wealth.
business man, left home the other day and went ou
to seek his fortune Departing he left word that HI
was running away to get away from the luxury tina
surrounded him. His parents had been keeping
him in an expensive preparatory school; he wanted
to go out and get job
g And so, being, apparently youth Of spirit he
went He is now, presumably. working somewhcr.
rs ne wanted to do; his father, searching for him
says he can keep his job il only he will communi-
cate with home.
There arc very few boys who ever run away
from home because the parental roost is too luxur.
iously padded. Likewise, there are very few Of us
older ones who would take flight from the ease
Of riches. Yet we all sympathize with this New
Jersey lad. and we can't help feeling that he must
have the right sort Of stuff in him.
Luxury such great wealth makes possible
doesn't hurt a grown person. But, after all, it is
hardly the best environment for growing boy
Youth needs certain amount of hardship q GER
tain amount Of prvation If it is to mature and
develop properly. 1t must not be shielded too
carefully. In that respect this Jersey youngster
had the right idea.
Nor is this problem which need concern only the
rich The rest Of us folk of moderate-or less than
advertisements ponder on it for while
with profit
For we all have tendency to pamper our chill.
dren. It's the most natural thing in the world. We
want to shield them from the bumps and hard
knocks we took at their age; want to make life
as easy and soft for them we possibly can.
1t is good thing that we so often fail Youth
that is sheltered is handicapped There is only one
way to learn how to meet lfe's problems, and that
is to receive few Of life's jots
So all Of US bear that in mind even thoug,
we aren't RICH Without thinking we try to give our
children too much luxury It is wiser for US. t,
spend our time teaching them how to meet diff |
firuties, not how to avoid them.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
Lots nf NAVY

Apparently we Americans have pretty fine navy
after all.
We had almost been led to imagine otherwise
what with all the stories about battleships being
put out OF commission backwardness in cruiser
building programs and SO on.
But look what happened: sent large fleet to
China, detached very stable squadron for service
OF Ncaragua-and still had enough fighting ma
chimes left to take the largest fleet that New York
ever saw up the Hudson the other day.
Must be We have pretty respectable sort Of
navy, after all.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17

The state Of Tennessee has acted very wisely i,
voting to issue bonds for 81 500. 900 to make huge
park out of the Great Smoky Mountain range coun
try. Since this follows North Cardinals action in
voting $2OO0,0OO for the same purpose it now be-
comes probable that this land will be preserved in
its wild beauty for Americans of all time
There is some work yet to be done. The park
association must get several million dollars in pri-
vate gifts before the park become a reality.
1t is said however, that this money is "practicay
assured" already.
People familiar with the Great Smoky Mountain
region say unhesitatngly that it one of the mos:
magnificent bits Of country in the United States
although it is within nights ride of many large
Cities it remains very much the same as it was
1 before Columbus reached America. 1t has escaped
the settler, the lumberman, the homesteader It's
forests are thick and quiet; its rivers clear and
spRey. On it's mountain peaks there is solitude; in
ssk1Aley there is the peace of the unspoiled will
sdsrness.
4 3Ae people Of Tennessee and North Carolina have
done well. They have been able to see what we
Americans so often fail to see; that there are
things more important than timberands or water
RSer sites, and that the intangible values of nat
ural beauty can far outweigh purely material con-
xfderations
&. Because they have these things clearly, the
Gseat Smoky Mountains will be place of refresh
ment and recreation for and our childrens chill
dtan.. No matter how closely the cities and towns
OF the east are grouped, there will always remain
wSehin easy distance, this splendid stretch of un-
Amed country, in which tired city people may get
sway from office and factory and store and, in the
Aaekneyed but expressive phrase get back to na-
fike."
r1he rest OF the country debt Of gratitude
UsFennessee and North Carolina. It also owes the
nty Of seeing to it that whatever additional money
msybe needed to make the park reality is speed
ily forthcoming.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17
Daily Health
Service
BY DIR. MORRIS FIsHRnrN

BY DIR. NORRIS FIsHBEIN
Editor Journal Of the American
Medical Association and Of Hygeia,
the Health Magazine
Climates with relatively low hum
idity are believed to give relief to
patients with asthma. Apparently
this Is due to the beneficial effects
OF the dry air. which extracts mois-
ture from the tubes leading to- the
lungs.
In other diseases, particularly
those Of the heart and kidney. in
which there is an accumulation of
water in the lungs. a dry climate
may be especially serviceable.
Investigators in the department of
medicine Of Western Reserve Oni-
versity in Cleveland determined to
make q. special study of this factor
IN ISOLATION to the diseases mention
ed: In the experiment persons were
ask to breathe through a lar Of
calcium chloride, which has the
the air. "
The physicians found an increase
IN the vital capacity of the lungs
AFTER breathing dry air in A ucr
rent OF the patients. showing defin-
.eIy the value of this procedure,
Patients with asthma varied in their
r"s.onse to the method. but persons
with decompensated hearts were
quite definitely improved.
Iha investigators were convinced
nat the breathing of dry air Il
,racts enough moisture to increase
he vital capacity, to decrease the
'olume of the lung and to nrod.ce
sense OF subjective relief. The
est used by the Investigators served
o differentiate between persons with
'sthma whose difficulty in breath
md those sue w 20 nso' s;9i; u the lung
aore permanent changes.
according to this test it is nos
i6le to tell the patient with asthma
,hether or mot he iss Of the tyne
nat would tend to improve in a
igher and dricrs climate.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1927-05-17

they had walked backward, eating
Camembert sandwiches and playing
their mouth organs at the same time.
wouldn't that have been some story!
We are awaiting the day when
somebody will go to Paris and re-
turn without a divorce.
No more guns by mail after MAY
10. The picture wire people evident
~ have been doing q little lobbying.