davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26
WHAT OF THE FUTURE

The gasboat Lincoln" of Ketchi- kan, a fifty-footer, caught a total of 80 salmon this summer.
 A few years ago one could go into the Indian River" at Sitka and get more salmon than that with a spear and gaffhook.
 High boat at Rake this year had a catch of 23,OO0 salmon-the time , was when high boat would have 223,0OO-but since O'Malley and Hoover atarted their conservation policy the average has not exceed ed 5O,0OO.
 A young couple returned from Tygee where they had gone for the summer-the husband to fish and the mother to work in the cannery. Their total earnings did not equal their living expenses for they were in debt $38. which the cannery ex- poets to collect.
 The average earnings of local help in Ketchikan will not exceed s10. per person employed by the canneries. In most of the canneries local help stood and watched for eign contract labor do work they do not usually contract for.
 Yet with these small earning the resident labor must meet their bills. pay taxes, pay living expenses and taxes for schools and municipal governments. Already reports te this office indicate non-payment o1 bills and businessman who depends on local trade for his support is wondering how he will manage te pull through the winter. Perhaps proponents of the trap system and the Bureau of Fisheries will advise fisherman and businessman how tC survive the winter.
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26

from the chimney No cheery crackle of fire came from. the fire- place. The Indian went his way on a far-fung trap line and the gloom of night had settled ere he return ed.
 The following morning was fret full taste Of real chill. Joe looked over Wallace.s way again and grew uneasy. Wallace was in the same place and in the same position Wide open eyes stared straight ahead at. seemingly. some object across the small room.
 Day after day followed. Wallace sat and stared. Joe ran his trap lines, kept his fires burning pre- pared food for two and waited for his friend to call.
 Before the steaming breath of spring touched the frost edges, Oluf Hagan and Jack Dam omd broke powdry snow for their dog team down the valley to Tahltan Joe's. Night it was and dark when they arrived at the cabin, and he took them in. He told the travel CTS, as they sat over scalding cof- fee, sourdough bread and steaks of mountain sheep, of his odd neighbor. He told them how long this queer man had sat and stared and how long, how very long, he had listened for his call. Morning came. Hagan and Da mond broke the frost seal of the clumsy door of Wallace's cabin anG entered. Wallace sat and stared I not at them, but at a square of vel low note paper in a frame direct | ly before him on the table. Writ ten in faded ink, on the paper, wa! the following:
 Come when you feel weary, Jer ry. Come when your heart aches when the day grows cold, when you hear me calling,
 MARY"
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26

Last year Henry O'Malley put the words amazing increase in salmon que to escapement in 1924" and like increase could be expected ow- fng to escapement in 1925 and now we have O'Malley himself coming to the Territory with the same song. Going from one end of the Territory to the other he talked of the wonderful increase until the packers themselves made prepara- ttons for a big pack.
 ner but having no other pamktionsf
 By June of this summer those who had practical experience fish ing and had made observation of
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26
"CUuALun LAa'ERIS'
(*)-Our own c0mmel

The Bureau OI tIonerIeo huOWo all aDout fish. They nave College graduates on the force and they have a school ot fisheries at the University of Washington where they teach all there is about fish.
 The Washington school of fisher ies has long been considered a joke by fishermen. No doubt, the school has contributed much to the indus try in the line Of canning, cooking cof salmon ,etc. But otherwise they have developed only fish wardens who after a few weeks or months in their school come to Alaska and tell men who have fshed for thirty years all about salmon.
 Ask any one of them, Washington Fisheries School graduate, Bureau of Fisheries from top to bottom, Is a King Salmon a salmon or not, and they cannot give a logical reason to their answer. If a salmon, do they spawn and die like other sal mon or do they spawn and return to the ocean?
 All of the science and knowledge of salmon, in the Washington School of Fisheries and the Bureau of Fish cries is tied in Dr. Charles H. Gil- bert, and since he is under the Blu reeau of Fisheries he no longer faces the truth about our fisheries.
 Experts!?! Sitting in swivel chairs pulling feathers from the Eagles tail.
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26

the run oI salmon, predicted that the run ot salmon would be very small inc summer has shown that the practical fisherman is bet ter posted as to actual conditions than swivel chair experts"
 The run of salmon expected is now making it's appearance. The Bureau of Fisheries by and thru it's regulations has protected the late salmon and this protected run is making it's appearance according to fishermen. The last day of fish ing on Prince of Wales demonstrat ed the theory of late bred fish de velops a late run of salmon.
 theory of breeding late fish brings a laterun of fish-for the traps be
 gan to get in their effective work The only thing left for the Blu reau of Fisheries to do now is tt develop an early run of salmon
 close all canning operations unti after the 10th of August and pro tect the first runs of salmon. It il
 only by real protection that in th fuure runs will be built up.
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26

tained our first really reliable re- cords, the catch per unit of ge in Hecate Straits was in the vicinity of 45O pounds. Through the years it showed a steady decline to 1914 when it was approximately 1i3 pounds, and we have found that since then the rate of decline las continued evenly until 1926 the yield was but AT pounds Almost equally striking results are avail able for other banks. Not merely the size but also the average weight of the fish therein has declined markedly, and although it is true that young fish could be obtained in considerable fuantity even in early days, now there is an increasing tendency to fish intensively those
 banks inhabited by these immature fish, the so-called chickens" - proof of decline we have shown that the days per voyage have increased
 and the number of fishing days required necessarily have done tue same.
 (Continued Next Week
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26

reduces the length of purse seine, now 1900 feet, to 250 fathoms, or 1,5OO feet. Besides reducing the length it places a limit of 300 three and one-half inche me8hes on the depth of the net. There is at pres ent no depth limit These limits, the purse seiners contend, reduce their activities 50 per cent.
 In addition Order Mo- IS prohib- it's the laying of purse seine with in 100 yards of any other fishing appliance, a further limitation upon their operations. These restric tions closely follow the government regulations in Alaska.
 .. .. .. ..Deny Trapmen .... ..
 The purse seine operators deny the trap mems assertion that Wash lngtOn alone allows unre5tIBcted purse seine operations. In Canada, they say, there are no restrictions upon purse seiners, except that nets shall not be less than a given length.
 They estimate their own num- bers at 25O, of which approximately half are members of an organiza- tion, headed by John Maskovich of Gig Harbor, which is carrying it's appeal to the Governor
 Ed Note-The above is printed in order that the Alaskans might know of the Washington actions ot those same hogs that have depleted the streams of Alaska
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26
O'MALLEY-FISH PROPHET

O'MALLEY-FlSH PROPHET 7.
 On the 18th of July the Anchor age Daily Times printed an inter- view with Czar O'Malley, which no doubt makes Interesting and in structive reading" for those in auth ority in Washington:
 Tt is the policy of Secretary Hoo yer to have all matters relating to the Alaskan fisheries acted on here, to bring the administration home to the Territory" O'Malley said. '.In keeping with this policy, have in the last several years and will in the future spend the major DOT tion of the summer in Alaska
 MT. O'Malley spent the summer in Alaska nursing Congressmen Tom McKeown of Oklahoma and Fritz Lanham of Texas, directing their investigations of Alaska fisheries only through the eyes of the Can ming System, taking special care that these men should not see and talk with practical fishermen.
 "A good run or pink salmon is districts. TWO YEARS AGO THE RUN WAS HEAVY AND THE SPAWNING BEDS WERE WELL SEEDED. THIS IS THE CYCLE YEAR CORRESPONDING WITH 1925 AND THE PROTECTION IT WAS POSSIBLE TO GIVE AT THAT TIME UNDER THE OPERA TON OF THE WHITE FISHERIES LAW SHOULD BE REFLECTED IN ANOTHER GOOD RUN THIS YEAR"
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26
MARY"
INTERNATIONAL HALIBUT CON-
 MISSION WARNS INDUSTRY

MT. John P. Babcock, Chairman of the International Halibut Commis- sion announced recently that further scientific studies of halibut would be made next winter and that the commission would call into confer ence all halibut fishermen and oth- CTS interested in the industry. A re- port of the conference will be filed with the governments of both the United States and Canada.
 It is believed that some of the banks now more or less depleted will be closed when the commission gets its recommendations into form. A summary of the report follows:
 "The commission has, as has many times been stated, engaged in a study of the halibut fishery and the life-history of the halibut, for the Canadian and United States govern mems. A vast amount of data has been collected to establish the con- dition of the fishery, and expert ments have been conducted to dis close the facts in the life-history of the halibut which are essential to the administration of the fishery.
 ''We have complete record of the catches landed at all important ports of the coast from 1914 to date, showing the vessels making these catches and their composition from the standpoint of size. AS to the vessels listed, we have their num- bers and sizes, the number of days spent on each trip and, to a great extent,the location of the banks fished. A great many of these boats have, during the past years, kept splendid records of their daily catches, and have generously put these at the disposal of the commits sion. Fromthese records we have been able to tabulate the time spent in reaching the banks, the number of hours actual fishing for the catch obtained, the amount of gear used each day and the catch obtained thereby. The seasonal changes and the tendency of the abundance of the fish On the banks are clearly shown. It is safe to say that there is very little extant data which has been overlooked.
 Serious Depletion
 "The statfstfcar data indicates clearly that depletion has taken place everywhere, the degree of this depletion far exceeding anything which could possibly be confused by minor errors such as difference in gear used. But the most striking decline has been on the southern banks. Tn 1906. when the British Columbia Fisheries Department ob-
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26
A NORTHLAND TRAGEDY
 By AHN-KUTTY

Tahltan Joe, Gan upper Stickeen Indian) in stampede days ont of the most efficient packers out of Dyea, was now aged G.ud greatly back bent. Heavy loads fore climbing and the wea~ D, snow-bound trails and added years to age and stopped a once upright form to al- most deformity.
 Joe lives in a small log cabin on the gravel bank of trickling wat CT way of the far interior Some of the time he is alone. Occasionally company comes,-wanderin gold seekers, hunters, trappers. He wei comes them, talks with them, watch es them depart, and then again the silence of the great northland.
 One day in September, few years rearward, came Jere Wallace, tall, emaciated ,grayhaired and in rags. Seldom he spoke. Slowly, with tools borrowed of his Indian neighbor, he piled together sort of shelter. Into this he crawled when the shadows heightened; when the sun peeked over the high ridges across the creek, he'd worm him. self outside and sit, with bony chin on bony knees, and the hours pass ed until the dusk and chill of ap- preaching night forced him inside.
 Joe saw that he cooked little. He saw him eat not at all. Once in a while he would call on this strange newcomer and ask if there was anything he might do. A shake oi grayhead, negative grunt from scrawny throat, was nearly, at all times, the only reply he received.
 As the days grew shorter and the hands of winter gripped more sternly, Wallace's outdoor sittfngs became less frequent, and Joe, read ing the warnings heralded by Ma ture, cut an extra quantity of wood and stored two seasons food supply. He had an idea he'd have help consuming both.
 The first morning that the frost nipped hard he crossed the dead grass fringe, separating Wallace's wickiup from his own, and knock ed at the burrow-like doorway.
 Come" came in a hollow voice from the gray inside.
 "You want fire and meat or fish this cold morning?" Joe inquired when he made out in the smudge of an excuse for fire, the drawn up and punched form of man.
 ''No, Joe, want nothing. I'm getting along all right. I'll cali you from my window when I want anything. Don't come any more unless I hail you. For what you have already done and for your kindness I thank you. That is all.''
 The next day was colder. Joe looked over to the poorly chinked, loosely constructed cabin and saw Wallace, chin on knees, close to the one sash window. No smoke came
The Alaskan., 1927-08-26
FISH TRAP, PURSE SEINE WAR
 ON SOUND NOT ENDED

From SeaCCle H. l., ApflI 0O, ioAS
 By E. B. Russell
 With the Puget Sound salmon run, one of the States largest re sources, as a prize, new warfare is on between owners of fish traps and operators of purse seines, it! was revealed yesterday.
 Resumption of the old battle sees the state fisheries board, which has supreme legal power over the in- dustry, split on the issue, and an appeal carried from the majority, headed by State Representative B. A. Sims, chairman of the board, to Governor Roland H. Hartley who appoints the members.
 Word from Olympia yesterday was that an order of the fisheries board adopted at the meeting of April 14-16, by two-to-one vote, has not yet been published.
 CHECKS SEINE USERS
 This order, it is revealed, re- duces by approximately 50 per cent the activities of the purse seine operators. It was entered two weeks ago, by vote of Chairman Sims and B. P. Blake, on the peti- tion of the seven largest trap operat~ ors, who stated that they represent ed 85 per cent of the trap operators, land 90 per cent of the total invest ment in the industry. Capt. Henry Ramwell of Everett, the third mem- Der of the board, protested the or der and refused to sign it.
 Following the issuance of the or der purse seine operators held , protest meeting at Everett, enlisted the support of eleven independent canneries which depend upon purse seines for their salmon, and sent a delegation to Olympia to see the governor.
 The present purse seine fight trac- es back to a year ago, when repre- sentatives of the leading fish traps appeared before the fisheries board and asked that regulations approxi- mating those adopted by federal authorities for Alaska fisheries, be applied to purse seines in the Pu- get Sound area. An extensive hear ing was held, but no action was talk . Ien.
 This year, according to accounts which drifted out of the meeting of two weeks ago, petition was pre- scented to the board, signed by the 'big seven" trap owners Pacific American Fisheries, Bellingham Can ming Company, George A. Barker Salmon Packing Company, Astoria and Puget Sound Canning Company, Carlisle Packing Company, Decep- tion Pass Fish Company and Alas ka Packers Association.
 The petitioner recites that the run of salmon has been so depleted by the purse seiners that it is no long CT profitable to OPERATE WITH OTHER FORMS OF GEAR and as- serts that Washington is the only district in which virtually unre- stricted purse-seine fishing is allow ed.
 100 Miles of Nets
 It is estimated, in the petition that there will be 300 seines on the Sound this year and that the com- bined length of their seines, placed at more than hundred miles would completely close the Strait of Juan de Fuca to the incoling salmon
 The order, adopted shortly after presentation of this years petition
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17

creasing Japan's figure as determined
in the Washington conference.
With technical problems exhausted
the situation Is almost entirely politi-
arrived. Mr.. Gibson intimated that
something in the way Of big gestures
could be expected within a few days.
tCopyriRht. 1877
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17
JOHNSON FETE GROUP
TO MEET WEDNESDAY
Pitching Aee to Be Honored With
Distinguished Medal
August 2 Here.

Never before in the history Of
organized base bail has an individual
player been honorcd as Walter John
son will be honored August ., when
Washington and the nation will pay
tribute to the rookie OF 20 years ago
and mature ;nouEdsman OF today.
Johnson viii he presented with a
distinguished service medal in the
name Of the American League. the
organization he las served faithfully
for two decades and which has seen
the raw bushcr Of 20 years ago trans
formed into the premier moundsman
Of all time.
Plans for the Johnson day celebra-
ton on August at Clark Griffith
stadium, when the big hurler will face
the Detroit Tigers--the same club he
faced on his big league debut on
August 2. 1907--are moving forward
at an accelerated pace and will take
on added momentum at n monster
meeting Wednesday night at the City
Club when the first gathering Of the
general committee In charge of the
celebration will be held
B. B. Johnson, organizer and re.
firing head of the American League,
has aligned himself Fundamentally
behind the project and the proposal
to honor Johnson by presenting him
with a distinguished service medal
the first base ball player to be so
honored. Everett Scott. shortstop on
several ball clubs, who piled up a re-
markable service record. was honored
by presentation of a medal for con-
tinuous service. several years ago
but this was in the nature Of a testi.
monial to the spirit Of a man who
played ball under severe handicaps
to preserve his record. The Johnson
medal, according to the thought OF
those behind the move. will be pre-
scented in honor of a man who has
done more than any single individual
70 put base ball on the high plane OF
eportsmanship 1t now enjoys, as well
rs the holder of score of all.time
pitching records.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17
BRITISH DELEGATES
SEEK INSTRUCTIONS
ON CRUISER LIMITS

Continued from First Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17
FARM LABOR AMPLE,
DEPARTMENT FINDS
Supply Below Demand Only in
North and South Atlantic States,
Survey Shows.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
There is no shortage of farm labor
this year. the Department Of Agricul.
ture announces, declaring the supply
to be 1904 per cent of the demand.
The supply was slightly under the
demand in the North Atlantic and
South Atlantic States, but elsewhere
over the country labor was said to
be plentiful. The larger supply. the
department said, reflected the lower
volume of industrial employment as
compared with a year ago.
Farm wages were described as
slightly lower than in July last year.
the average for the United States be-
ing $3.50 per month with board and
$40 without board, compared with
S3610 and $49S9 in July last year.
Day wages averaged $1.S9 with board
and S2.44 without, against $1.91 and
$2.43 a year ago.
Farm wages are at a much lower
level than industrial wages. the de-
partment reported.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17
ADVANCE RECORDED
IN ROAD PROGRAM
State Highway Systems
TWo-Thirds InitiaIIy I'M
proved, Says Bureau.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The State highway systems Of the
country, which comprise a network OF
287,92S miles. were two-thirls initialiy
improved at the beginning OF the
year. the Bureau Of Public Roads an.
nounced yesterday.
Statistics just completed show 49,.
1872 miles of surfaced roads were con.
structed last year, OF which 1864
miles we're laid over former earth
roads and 5.s2S miles represented a
rebuilding Of old surfaces.
Surfacing laid by counties or other
local governments are not included.
but all work done with Federal aid
Is embraced In the total. The sss...aage
Of the combined State syztems at the
first OF the year. which had been sur.
faced. totaled 163.059. while 2S456
miles had been graded and drained &C.
cording to engineering standards.
Types of Roads.
The types Of surfaced roads were:
Gravel. ebert and shale, 1926 miles:
cement concrete, 3i.935 miles; water
bound macadam, 1928 miles: bitumi-
nous macadam. 1927 miles: sand.
clay and topsoil. 1896 miles: bitumi.
nous concrete. 4.Sl4 miles: sheet as.
phalt. $50 miles, and asphalt, wood
and stone block. les miles.
Ohio had the largest mileage Of new
surfacing placed during the year with
2,411 miles. Minnesota was next with
lap miles. then Wisconsin with 962.
Nebraska with S33 and Missouri with
S22.
New York had the largest existing
surfaced mileage at the first Of the
year with $3.50 miles. Next was Ohio
with 1891. Texas with 1856. Penn.
sylvania, 8,439; Wisconsin. $500: Min.
nesota, $3.50: Michigan. s.22S and
North Carolina. 5,464. No other State
had 5000 miles.
Work by States.
The existing surfaced mileage at the
beginning of this year and the mile
age of new surfacing placed last year,
including reconstruction, by States,
are:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17

Button-holes are passing in Eng.
land.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17
AL CONDITIONS ''DEpLORABLE."
EFFICIENCY EXPERTS REPORT
Continued from First Page.)

Continued from First Page)
District Jail. the Bureau Of Efficiency
finds, are due primarily to the obso.
lete structure of the cell blocks in
the north and south wings, further
aggravated by overcrowding.
The report says:
THE west wing is used at present
for Offices on the first floor. and for
officers rooms and quarters for women
prisoners on the upper floors; the latter
floors are In sad need Of repair. The
cell blocks are built of brick and COM
prise four tiers of two rows each of
small cells. The rows in each tier
open on a central corridor. divided
b brick wall. A window in each cell
opens into an open space on the side
between the cell-block and the outer
walls. Two cells with a door between
form the typical unit-one cell con.
tains two hunks, one abve the other,
the other cell contains a toilet and
bowl and one bunk. Due to the dis
lance of the cells from the outer win.
dows and the small interior window
in each cell. the light in each Is al.
ways dim. The solid wall construction
of brick on all sides makes the cells
difficult to keep clean. especially when
more men are continually crowded
into them than they were ever de.
signed to hold.
Population at Jail.
1.-The population at the Jail on two
recent average days showed the fol.
lowing:
May 5. 1927. June IS. 1927.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-07-17
Spanish King Goes Home.

LONDON, July 16 P).--King AL
fonso. who during his three weeks
holiday here had almost forgotten
that he was ruler OF Spain, left for
home today. Among those at the
station to hid him farewell were the
Prince of Wales, the Duke of York,
Prince George and the Spanish am
haSSadOr