davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1927-03-13

Original Artist" including the enths
life history. together with an eXplaua.
ton of his methods ann WORKS, tk..
was most illuminating. 1t was rara
treat. while the pictures were most
varied showing the versatility os
this outstanding painter. He excelled
i'm sunsets During the social hour
Mrs. Seaton and Mrs. Stevenson pre-.
sided at the tea table. lovely with
Spring flowers. Next meeting TO be
with Mrs. John Il, Fowler, i424 Six.
teenth street: assisting hostess, Mrs.
Jeter G.. Pritchard. March II.
PhiIO Classics.--Mrs. ]. w. Frizzell
was hostess TO the members of the
club the afternoon of March 4. in her
suite in the Northampton. The meet
ing was presided over by Mrs. II.
Bruce Bare. Mrs. III. j. Harris. as
chairman of the committee ON the
new Yearbook. gave a preliminary re
port on suggestions for next years
work. The club will continue the
study of Shakespeare's writings and
will include one historical, one trag
edy and one comedy. Discussion en-
sued, but no definite action was taken
on the name plates for the trees in
the arboretum. i'm memory of past and
present members of the club
Mrs. T.. w. Newburn had a paper
on the subject of Conflicts Of Pas
sions with Friendship" after which
characters were assigned and the
/ closing acts of 1.-TWO Gentlemen of
| Verona" were read. During the so
cial hour Mrs. Frizzell served refresh
ments.
| The WOman's Club of Chevy
| Chase.-In the absence i'm Mexico OF
| Mrs. r. Harvey Sargent, chairman,
Mrs. Charles w. Pimper presided at
| the monthly meeting, held at the Ii
| brary March 4.
| Mrs. Charles d. Curtiss gave a
| brief survey of some of the happen
ings in the Maryland Legislature, now
in session at Annapolis. The old in
| denture law has been repealed. There
was a compromise on the bill advo.
eating that the sum for the care OF
| ilIegitimate children be left to the
| discretion of the judge. The monthly
allotment was raised from SIS to $50.
The bill. requiring a two-day's resi-
| dence with declaration of intent TO
marry, was unfavorably received. In
| cidentally. Maryland is the only State
where a civil marriage Is not legal.
| A bread bill. standardizing the
weight of the loaf did not pass. The
| recurrent problems of the preserva-
| ton Of the States oyster beds, hith-
erto so unsuccessfully dealt with BY
an incompetent commission, Is again
| before the Legislature. Baltimore
presents bill for policewomen. The
dog bill, sponsored by citizens con-
cerned over the increase of rabies.
| Continued on Fifteenth Page.)
Evening star., 1927-03-13

international Association of Art
and Letters.-At the March business
meeting. held Wednesday evening at
the Carlton Hotel, the annual election
of officers was held. with the following
result: President. Col Wade Hampton
Cooper; vice presidents, NJ. Hugh
Irish. DR.. Charles Seya, Mrs. Henry
F. Dimock, Mary Meek Atkeson, Miss
Laura Thornborough. Victor Russell;
recording secretary Mrs. NJ. Hugh
Evening star., 1927-03-13
American Association of University

AmeFICdH ASSOclatIOn OF University
WOmen.-"The Significance of the
Russian Revolution will be the
subject of the tomorrow afternoon tea
discussion. The Rev, Dr. Edmund
Walsh. dean of the Foreign Service
School. Georgetown University, will
be the speaker and the guest of honor.
DR.. Walsh spent several years in
Russia, where he served first with the
American Relief, directed by Herbert
Hoover and later as director general
of the Papal Relief Mission to Russia.
Mrs. James G.. Cumming will be the
Evening star., 1927-03-13

The Susan b. Anthony Foundation
held a social meeting in the Airing
ton Hotel Tuesday evening. Miss
Emily Perry gave an address on the
Power of Praise" and Mr.. William
NJ. Harris, staff assistant to the vice
president of the American Red Cross
gave a talk on the work of the Red
Cross along the five lines in which
it is working. Norman Esputa DAILY
pianist, played by the Waters OF
Minnetonka (Thurloy Lieurance)
The Butterfly" (Grieg) and the left
hand study of the ''Sextet' from
Lucia"
The card party of the foundat ton
will be given at the Women's City
Club March 16. Playing will begin
at $3.50 pm. The president and Off
GERS will receive at 80. Miss Mar
garet Shanks will recite Scotch dia-
lect poems and Miss Ada Louise
Townsend will read the poem written
by Mrs. Henry Riggs Rathbone on
Susan B. Anthony and dedicated to
the founder and honorary president
Mrs. Anna T.. Hendley, as a tribute
to Miss Anthony. Mrs. Leon Arnold
is chairman of arrangements. The
following ladies have taken tables:
Mrs. Florence Caroline Adams, Mrs
D. NIiiSen. AIES. COrQln thompson,
Mrs. Mary Francis Adams, Mrs. NJ
l.. Callison, Mrs. Percy n. Bailey,
Mrs. Clara O'Brien McCrone, Mrs.
James Irwin Steel Mrs. Mallie Rob
erts Nichols, Mrs. Ida Wilmington
Mrs. Alfred Anthony, Mrs. Mar
garet Hopkins Worrell, Mrs Theresa
Dean, Mrs. j. f. Dunn, Mrs. Edgar
G.. Snyder, Mrs. Lucy Il. Cash. Mrs
Lucy Cooper Shaw, Miss Mary HeyleI
and Mrs. George G. Seibold
The foundation voted on choosing
bird for the District of Columbia
suggesting the cardinal. and also
voLed not to indorse the resolution
sent out by the d. G. F. w. Clubs
suggesting individual clubs to ask
the resignation of a teacher of this
city. Mrs. Clara O'Brien McCrone
president of the foundation, and
other officers will meet members and
friends at pm. on Saturday at the
Arlington Hotel
Evening star., 1927-03-13

CONTINUED on Fifteenth Page)
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
Kit Carson Fought
Arizona ApGcheS

Of Americans first on Arizona soil
was the noted scout, Kit Carson, who
was. first here in 1927. He was only
II years old then.
A Dr.. Anderson, leading large
party, crossed Arizona in 1927, hav-
ing no trouble with the Indians.
But 5he first white American to
cross the state was probably Jedidiah
H. Smith, who came into the north
western part by way of the Virgin
river in 1926, with 16 other men. He
crossed northern Arizona. Then,
starting back, Indians under the in
stigation of Spaniards, attacked the
party, killing 10 men and capturing
all the equipment. Smith with the
others escaped into California. Later
he returned through this state to New
Mexico and was killed by Comanches
there in 1881.
Followed occasional other expedl-
tions, with increasing trouble with the
Indians, principally the Apaches, until
history tells us, "These were days Of
harvest for the Apaches. In the vicin-
ity Of Apache Pass, bones Of slain cat
tie paralleled the trail for miles, and
little clumps of human graves were in
sight from any point"
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
BY NELLIE COLLINS
in the Jerome Copper News

In the early days Jerome was
much like all mining camps OF that
period. Saloons were numerous,
gambling common and life of the
rough and ready type. Yet people
were neighborly and had good times
together. In summer they had pic
MICS and in winter frequent dances.
In fact, dancing was almost their
only diversion. In the early COS
the population was made up largely
of young married people. One Win
ter there were five grown unmar-
ried girls in the entire camp, so the
bachelors had to be satisfied with
dancing with other mems wives most
of the time. How conditions have
changed!
The history of Jerome is the his
tory of the development of the
mining interests in its immediate
vicinity In fact, Jerome itself is
the offspring of the United Verde
Copper Mining company, and to this
day owes its existence to the con-
tinued operations of that same COM
pany:
Early in 1866 a party of nine men
and their families, under the lead
ership of James M. Swetnam of
Prescott, braved the Indians and en-
tered the Verde valley, where they
established a farming community in
the V formed by the Verde river
and Clear creek. So far as known,
they were the first white settlers in
the Verde district Thus was blazed
a trail over which later came set
tiers who made homes along the
pioneers and their immediate de-
scendants played an important part
in the history of Jerome, and a
number of our leading citizens of
today are from that hardy stock
1t is probable that the first min
ing claims in the Jerome district
were located in 1877. The follow
ing year M. A. Ruffner, an uncle
of the present sheriff of Yavapai,
located three adjoining claims and
very soon took in two brothers,
named McKinnon, as partners. At
that time there were no buildings
here, so Mr.. Ruffner boarded with
the Hawkins family down in the
valley and rode back and forth to
his work DR.. Hawkins, then "a
small lad, remembers well riding up
the hill to watch the three men at
their work, then confined to taking
out surface gold and silver ore.
Ruffner, noticing rich outcroppings
of copper, tried to persuade the
elder Hawkins to join him in min
ing for copper, but he refused to
have anything to do with the enter
prise, saying there was no market
for copper, and if there were there
was no means of transportation
after it was mined. Thus our ge-
nial doctor lost the chance of being
later the son of millionaire.
The ten years Immediately follow
ing the first mining locations saw
many different companies operating
in the Jerome district, but none
with financial success. In 1883 the
United Verde Copper company was
Incorporated, with James A. Nc
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

ficer. Each expedition was accom-
panied by naturalist who sometimes
also acted as surgeon. With Sit
greaves went DR.. S. w. Woodhouse,
professor of natural science at the
University of Pennsylvania. He had
reason to remember his adventures for
he was bitten by rattlesnake at
Zuni and an Indian shot an arrow
through his leg in the Colorado val
ley. The French geologist, Marcou,
accompanied Whipple. With Ives went
DR.. j. S. Newberry, also geologist
Beale took along no naturalist. When
Beale reported in Turkey Tanks, fish
six inches long resembling trout which
rose to the surface to snap at flies, he
had no one to tell him that what he
saw were water dogs" salamanders-
quite the largest in the neighborhood.
The cosmopolitan nature of the ex-
peditions was their striking charac-
ter. When Whipple celebrated Christ
mas Eve, 1858, beside Turkey Tanks,
various nations contributed to the
celebration. In the glow Of the roar
ing camp fires with the cedars out
lined like theater scenery, the French
Canadian guides danced and sang
their folk songs, the Mexican packers
sang to their guitars, the Delaware
Indian hunters "put on" a native
dance. Everyone did his bit, includ-
ing officers, scientists and men. To
the eastern tenderfoot attached to the
expedition, this was a memorable
event.
For transport Sitgreaves and Ives
used pack mules; Whipple and Beale
wagons. But the most picturesque in
cident was the employment of camels.
In the administration of President
Franklin Pierce, Jefferson Davis, later
to be president of the Confederacy,
was secretary of war. Davis had a
hobby. That hobby was camel trans
port for the arid west. In this Beale
was an enthusiastic follower of JEFF
ferson Davis, and the camels imported
with their Arab drivers became his
pride. Beale states that "the camels
are so quiet and give so little trouble
that we sometimes forget that they
are with US. Certainly there never
was anything so patient and endur-
ing and so little troublesome as this
noble animal They pack their load
of corn Of which they never taste a
grain and always up with the wagons
and withal so perfectly docile and
quiet that Tin contrast with the army
mule) they are the admiration Of the
entire camp" A few years later on
account of the Civil war when the
troops were withdrawn from the west,
these animals were abandoned. For a
number of years they turned up in un-
likely places to scare the lonely pros
pector and cowboy.
Beale's expedition, vending it's way
through an adobe New Mexican vii
lage, came to a halt In the van a
troop of U. S. cavalrymen lounged in
their saddles. Behind drew up the
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
By Harold S. Cotton

Gold at Suffers Fort, treaty of
peace at Guadalupe, Mexico, and Uncle
Sam turned his eyes toward Coconino
county. He wished to find a route to
California direct and open in the win
ter. The Overland trail through Salt
Lake City was closed nearly half of
the year and the Emory trail down the
Gila was not only roundabout but on
parts water was scarce. What is now
northern Arizona was blank upon the
map.
To be sure some Spaniards had
known northern Arizona. Don Lopez
de Cardenas had visited the Grand
Canyon in 1540 In 1776 Father Gar
ces on his mule alone had travelled
from Needles to the Hopi towns and
back via Cataract Canyon and Moe
navi. A hundred and forty-seven
years before the founding of the Mis-
sion Of San Francisco in California
and for the next half century, the
padres Of another Mission of San
Francisco high perched on the rock of
Oraibi watched the sun set daily be-
hind the San Francisco Peaks. Span
ish prospectors and American trappers
wandered in, avoiding the Indians
when they could and getting scalped
when they could not Bill Williams
and his. like left no record on the map.
Between 1850 and 1860, the United
States sent six expeditions across Co
conino county-all with view to a
trade route to California. Captain
Sitgreaves was ordered in 1851 to see
if steamboats, could navigate the Lit
tie Colorado, through the Grand Can
yon to the sea. Two years later Lieu
tenant Whipple was ordered to see if
railroad could be constructed
through Northern Arizona. Because
of the delay in organizing the rail-
road, in 1857 Lieutenant Beale, super
intendent of Indian affairs for Cali
fornia, was ordered to explore route
for wagon road and later IN 1858
and 1859 to build it from the head Of
steam navigation on the Arkansas
river, ct Fort Smith, to California.
In many places between Doney Park
and Walnut Tank this road can still
be seen. In the meantime Lieutenant
Ives having completed a survey Of the
lower Colorado returned east via the
San Francisco Mountains, Oraibi and
TT. Defiance. Because the Sitgreaves
expedition suffered from lack of wa
ter on the route north of the peaks
the later expeditions all passed to the
south, watering at Turkey Tanks, San
Francisco Spring, and LIE Roux Spring.
Turkey Tanks, with its abundant
water, was an important find. Beng
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
BILL WILLIAMS A TELLER
YOU HAD TO KEEP EYE ON

History tells US unkind things about
Bill Williams, after whom mountain
near Williams, in this county, is
named and also a river.
John C. Fremont, the pathfinder"
who passed through Arizona in 1849,
wrote his wife:
Il had engaged as a guide an old
trapper well known as Bill Williams,
and who had spent 25 years Of his life
in trapping various parts of the Rocky
mountains. The error of the journey
was committed in engaging this man.
He appeared never to have known or
entirely to have forgotten the whole
region of country through which we
We're to pass
Bill Williams, according to an asso-
ciate of Kit Carson, once led bunch
of bandits into Lower California and
stole 1900 horses and mules. About
200 Mexicans followed and the Ameri-
cans had to abandon two-thirds of
their loot Beyond the edge of the
desert Williams halted and en-
trenched, awaiting in desperation an
attack by the Mexicans. They didn't
attack, so Williams attacked them, in
the night, driving away all their live
mounts and leaving them to return
across the desert on foot. Very short
ly afterward, Indians attacked the
Williams party, driving off their
horses, and they had to walk all the
way back to Santa Fe.
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

new ambulance of the leader which
the builder had painted bright red.
Next came "Dick," the Delaware, and
Little Axe" the Shawnee, the hunt
ers, in their buckskin leggings mount
ed or restless Indian ponies. Behind
a train of covered Conestoga wagons
followed the camel corps under All
Hadji and his Arabs in their flowing
robes. In a cloud of dust herd of
sheep, later to be used as food, brought
up the rear. The leader, Lieut.. Beale,
was approached by slouchy indi-
vidual who had been leaning against
the adobe wall Of a house watching
the calvalcade enter the village. He
spoke as follows:
"Dis show wagon-No?" Lieut..
Beale replied eyes"
"Ah-ha, you de showmans-No? :"
ayes SIR" answered Beale.
what you got more on camelos?
Got any dogs ?"
Beale was amused and answered,
Monkeys too and more"
"Whatee more?"
Horses more"
"What can do horse?"
"Stand on head and drink glass Of
wine"
"Valgame Diosl-what people these
who make horse stand on his head
and drink glass of wine!"
What people these, who were the
trail makers of nationi
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
EL TOUdr Hotel Is
Nearly Completed

(Coconino Sun of Oct. /, 1904)
The new Harvey hotel on the brink
of the Grand Canyon is nearly COM
pleted. AS the work progresses it be-
comes more and more evident that for
novelty of architecture and design and
convenience for the tourist public, the
new building will be unsurpassed.
1t has been decided to name the new
hostelry Ell Tovar, instead Of Bright
Angel tavern. Pedro del Tovar is tra-
ditionaIly credited with being the first
white man to penetrate into the n1ys-
terious depths Of the Titan of chasms,
and consequently the name will not be
without historical significance. The
naming Of the hotel after the Spanish
will be in line with the Alvarado,
Casteneda and Cardenas, given to the
other elegant Harvey hotels.
"El Tovar" has been under con-
struction for some months. 1t is mod
eled after the old Swiss taverns. It's
appearance is that of an immense
house.
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
WHAT PEOPLE THESE-THE
TRAIL MAKERS OF THE sos!

a long days drive from the Little
Colorado, there was chance of find
ing water in the potholes at Walnut
Tanks on the way. At Turkey Tanks
Whipple found turkey tracks; hence
the name The Indian ruins there
about were recorded and on many of
the old maps the cave dwellings are
called the Cosnino Caves. On April
13, 1859, Beale found Walnut Creek
booming stream, as it drained off
the melting snow from the plateau.
San Francisco Spring on the old Nc
MILAN ranch was also an important
watering place. It was believed to be
the headwaters of the fictitious Rio de
San Francisco, which was confused
with the Verde and thought to flow
into the Salt river. So was the Rio
de Flag first named lie Roux Spring,
tucked in a rincon off of Fort Val
lev as Sitgreaves' expedition picked
it's way down the cliffs from above. In
1853 it was named by Whipple after
the guide, Antoine LIE Roux. Here
the overland expeditions recuperated
for a day, weary with desert travel.
These springs and water holes are
mile stones of the route.
In the fifties the Coconino plateau
and the San Francisco Mountains
formed the hunting grounds of two
Indian tribes, the Havasupai and the
Yavapai, both related to those on the
lower Colorado. In the summer the
Havasupai titled their gardens about
the springs in the Grand Canyon, such
as Indian Gardens, Hermit Spring
and Cataract Canyon but in the fall
and winter they hunted on the pla-
teau. The Yavapai, also called the
Mohave Apaches, ranged from their
center about Prescott into the Verde
Valley and up onto the plateau. That
the Indians of the plateau were hos
tile is no wonder. A party from the
first expedition, under LIE Roux, ex-
ploring north of the Peaks came upon
a group of Indians gathering pinon
nuts. The Indians ran away and the
soldiers helped themselves to baskets,
pinon nuts, mesquite bread, etc. No
wonder a military escort was needed
on the plateau.
These government expeditions were
cumbersome things. Led by an Of
ficer of the corps of Typographical
engineers of the army, usually West
Pointer, he was assisted by a group
of civilians, surveyors, draughtsmen,
guides, Delaware Indians as hunters
TO supply food and dozen or more
Mexican packers. Assigned to the
unit for protection against the In
dians was a military escort of some
thirty regular cavalrymen and an Of
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
SINGLE GIRLS WERE FEW
WHEN THE GREAT UNITED
VERDE MINE WAS NEW

Donald, president, and Eugene Je-
rome, secretary and treasurer, While
F. f. Thomas was superintendent and
general manager. Thomas had al
ready surveyed townsite, to which
he gave the name of Jerome, IN
honor of the Jerome family of New
York who were largely backing the
enterprise and one of whom was the
oompany's secretary. Thus our city
,ot its name. In 1884, owing to
difficulties of transportation and
deep SHOWS in winter, the mine was
shut down.
In 1887 ex-governor Tritle secured
a lease from the United Verde COM
pany and resumed operations, Nc
Donald retained the presidency. This
venture Jared no better than the pre-
decessors, and soon the mine was on
the market.
Tradition says that Senator w. A.
Clark first became interested in the
United Verde through some of its ore
on exhibition at the New Orleans
exposition. In February, 1883 he
leased the property, and after a
years investigation, purchased con-
troll of the company in January for
about $90,000 Under his manage
ment and financial backing the mine
developed rapidly and with it the
town of Jerome.
In its early days the camp had no
adequate fire protection as no water
was available, so it suffered number
Of serious conflagrations; but, phoe-
nix-like, it always arose from its
ashes with new vigor. On Christmas
eve, 1897, fire broke out in Whiskey
Row and destroyed all that section Of
the camp near where the Connor hotel
stands. Less than year later, on
the night of September II, 1898. a
drunken miner accidentally set fire
to his cabin with his miners lamp.
What is known as "the big fire" re-
suited The entire business section
was wiped out, from near the present
Catholic church to where the inter-
mediate school building stands, a few
dwellings escaping destruction. When
the fire got into the lumber yard back
of the site of the Bartlett hotel it
swept everything before it. DR.. Haw-
kins had his office in an isolated
stone building and people believing
the fire could not reach it, piled their
belongings around it. Their faith
was not well founded, for all went
up in smoke. Nothing -daunted, the
citizens set about rebuilding, only to
have the business section again gut
ted by fire in May, 1899
In the early days of Jerome, all
water for household purposes was
brought in on burros, and all freight
ing by teams. The t. F. Miller COM
pany had the contract to haul all
freight in and out of Jerome, employ
ing some 600 head of mules and
horses, using from eight to 20 head
in one team, with from two to four
wagons behind each team The reason
for so many wagons to team was
so they could drop the trailers and
haul one wagon at time up the hills.
When the old narrow gauge railroad,
now torn up, came into Jerome in De-
cember, 1894, animal freighting was
naturally done away with.
In 1880, George w. Hull opened
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

a small general merchandise store.
and was still operating it when in
July, 1891, the T. F. Miller company
bought q general store belonging to
]. l. Gardner. 1t was located in g
wooden building opposite where Mr..
Tally now lives and employed two
men to operate it. In 1892 another
general store was opened by H. p
Merrill and Frank Mcguire The T..
F. Miller company is the only one
of these doing business today.
Two landmarks of Jerome's very
early days are still standing. The
first house erected in the camp is q
log cabin on the Arthur Whitaker
property in Walnut gulch, built for
w. w Nichols. Across in front of
the Hotel Jerome you can still see
the Pratt shoe shop, built about 1890
by Bill Hill, then master mechanic
for the big mine and used for his
home,
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
To Build Harvey
House at Williams

(Coconino Sun Of August &c, 1905)
Fred Harvey, of Kansas City, at
the head of the Harvey system, passed
through Albuquerque Sunday night
on his way home from visit on the
coast. The Albuquerque Journal on
Monday contained the following con-
corning contemplated improvements
on the west end:
While the train stopped in this city
Mr.. Harvey was a very busy man
and transacted a large amount OF
business. He conferred with super
intendents Stein and Jacobson in re-
gard to the proposed new hotel at
Ashfork and also left orders with the
architect for plans for new building
at Williams which will be erected in
the very near future.