davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-10-27

1OOO vi i1AS CeAON SfAAAO'A =
old Italian government troops
used as an immigrant barge by
the Navigazione Generate Ital-
lana. The heaviest loss was
among the engine room crew.
Crowd the Engines.
One day overdue, and running
to make up lost time, the Princi-
pessa Mafaldi's rotten old over
strained boilers burst when the
ship was nearly at the end OF
her journey from Genoa to Rio.
The wreck took place just off the
low rocky islands called the "Abrol-
hos.n 1t was at first thought that the
steamer had run upon reef. IN ad-
dition to her crew of 230 persons, the
Principessa Mafaldi, only q 9.200
tons, carried packed together like
sardines at least 827 third-class pas
sergers. The owners report it at that.
But stories of the survivors place the
number higher.
Loafers Are Safe.
On her upper decks, the ship mad
fairly luxurious accommodations IN
which were fifty two first-class pas
sengers and SO second-class passen-
gers. The officers of the ship re-
tanned command during the disaster,
and every one of these passengers, IN
comparative safety high above the
bursting boilers, found a place IN the
rescuing steamers and was saved. IL
annears that the crew and the COM
mon immigrants were not so FORUM
ate. :,
Brazilian and other shipping rushed
tn the scene of disaster at once, on
receipt of the news of the wreck.
Owners Rush Excuses.
An official statement says there
are 450 survivors on the Steamer
Formosa, 500 on the Steamer Altona,
and 200 on the Steamer Empress
Star. and an unknown number on the
Steamer Voltaire.
Immediately on receipt of this in
formation, the head office OF the
Navigazione Generate Italiana wire
lessed from Genoa that there were
only 1908 persons aboard the ship,
and that therefore there were nearly
all of them saved.
Poor Safety Inspection.
The Italian fascist government has
much relaxed inspection by safety en-
gineers, formerly at a high level IN
italy. and no one but the government
and the officers of the company
really know how many were crowded
Unto the vessel. Neither is under any
compulsion to tell.
The first rescue ship to reach the
scene was the French freighter For
mosa, which arrived about 9 o'clock.
The stricken vessel
The majority Of the passengers
were Italian emigrants bound for the
Italian colonies in Brazil and Argen-
tina. Other vessels which reached the
scene of the Mafalda's foundering
were the Athelona, the Epirestar, the
Avalon, the Pihay and the Athemas.
Crews of these vessels assisted in the
rescue work.
GENOA, Italy, Oct. 26.-Crowds of
anxious Italians continued to besiege
the offices of the Navegazione Cen
erale late tonight begging for the
names of those saved and of those re-
ported missing.
Most of the crew of the Principessa
Mafaldi have their homes here, and
there were also the frantic relatives
OIL the 800 emigrants aboard the ves-
selNat the time of the disaster. Spe-
cial police were summoned.
EVEN the later news of the 1,200 or
more rescued failed to calm the
crowd, Many settled down for an
all-night vigil before the doors of
the offices.
A. @
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-10-27
OVERL LOADED EMMIGRANT STEAMER
BLOWS Up WITH FEARFUL LOSSES
Owners and Fascist Government Allowed Old
Troop Ship Mafaldi to Race Atlantic

RIO DE JANEIRO Brazil, Oct 26.-With apparent effort
being made by Italian consular officers here and the owners
of the ship and minimize the extent and nature OF the
tragedy facts public at late hour tonight Indicate that
fearful slaughter has occurred the and perhaps
extensive of life also the steeage OF the
troopshp Princpessa Maald lately
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-10-27
'PRAvDA' REFUTES
vORWAERTS' lies

MOSCOW, Oct. IA, (By MaiD -
The Communist International has
published an appeal to the workers
and all toilers all over the world to
protest energetically against tn Q
fascist terror in Lithuania, against
the Lithuanian hangmen who are
cruelty depressing the workers of
Lithuania.
Pravda Nails Lies.
Pravda refutes a lying report of
the Berlin Vorwaerts concerning an
alleged speech Of comrade Stain
supposed to have been published in
the Pravda on the End of October and
concerning an article in the same tone
alleged to have been published in the
Pravda. The Vorwaerts reported
comrade Stain as having said that
81 factories in the Soviet Union had
been turned over to the production of
poison gas and incendiary bombs.
This clumsy lie of the social demo-
cratic organ is easily refuted, for
Pravda is easily to be obtained in
Germany and any reader of the Vor-
waerts can assure him,elf that no
such speech Ga speech which by the
way was never made) and no such ar
ticle appeared in the Pravda of the
Continued on Page Four
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-10-27

THE DAILY WORKER TIGHTS
FOR THE ORGANIZATION or THB
UNoRGAETxER
FOR THE 40-EoUR WEEK.
EOR A LABOR PARTY
Evening star., 1927-04-24
Iron Grown of Italv.

THE historic iron crown of Italy
has played a romantic part in
the history of the peninsula. It was
made in the year 594 by the COM
mand, it is said. of Theodolinda, the
widow of a Lombard king, on the oc-
casion of her marriage to a Duke of
Turin.
The crown is of iron, overlaid with
gilt, and its significance was sup
posed to lay in the fact that the
weight of royalty could never be
lightened by it's splendid exterior. The
iron of the inner portion was tradi.
tionally held to be one of the long
nails used at the Crucifixion.
For a long time the crown was in
the keeping of the famous monastery
at Monza. In 774 it was brought
forth TO be placed upon the head of
Charlemagne as King of the LON.
bards." and on later occasions it fls-
ured in the triumphs of Frederic "
and Charles V. Finally, in the pres.
ence of all the representatives of
state, the foreign envoys and princes
and officers. Napoleon Bonapartc
solemnly united it to the crown OK
France.
The crown belongs to the state
and the custodian of it is the legiti-
mate representative of the basilica OF
Monza. The title of grand custo-
dian." however. pertains to the head
of the Order Of Cavaliers.
Evening star., 1927-04-24

Thus her life was a succession of
crimes and repentances, a series
of passions each followed by fearful
remorse. And there were days, occa-
sionally weeks, when she held such
rigid bride upon her tongue that her
silence made her seem sulky; and
there were other days when the check
which she kept upon herself slipped,
and she loosed the anger which she
felt against the whole world.
As Joan approached her first birth
day, half a dozen influences com
bined to produce a cumula tive nervous
strain which Millie found more and
more tormenting. For one thing, the
baby was maturing.
Millie had cared for so many babies
that she knew what these signs
portended. She knew that Joan would
soon escape from her ministering care,
and this knowledge oppressed her
dreams.
The nurse was also, at this time,
under an increased physical strain.
Mrs. Jones was planning a birthday
party for Joan. to which half dozen
other babies would be invited.
Millie decided to make dress which
Joan should wear on that occa sion;
and into this work she threw all her
energies, spending upon it every hour
not directly devoted to Joan herself,
working at it in the early morning, at
moments snatched during the day, and
late at night.
The result was that she was tired
almost all the time. and this weariness
served to break down her self.control,
till she was in continual conflict with
in herself, fighting to stifie the resent
ment which she felt against those
among whom her life was cast.
There had long existed between her
and Charles state of open warfare;
and this was brought to something
like a crisis one evening when Mr.. and
Mrs. Jones had gone out to dinner.
Charles, as he liked to do on such
occasions, had put the young son of
the house to bed. Milie was moved
by some blind and senseless impulse,
after Charles had gone downstairs, to
get Johnnie up again and insist upon
giving him a bath.
The little boy felt the injustice of
this. II don't want to take a bath,
he cried.
You're dirty" MilIie told him. You
ought to be ashamed to go to bed as
dirty as you are; and Charles ought
to be ashamed to let you. Now, you
come into the bathroom, and Millie
will give you a nice BATH
II had bath this morning"
Johnnie insisted bitterly, I'm not
going to take a bath now"
Miles tone was soothing. vet there
was in it, at the same time, some
thing acidly venomous.
Come right along" she retorted.
There's no use fussing. You've got
to have bath the way Millie says"
Evening star., 1927-04-24

girl who was to be Miles baby now
was about weeks old.
Her name is joan" Mrs. Jones eX-
planned to Millie. This is her room.
and you will use this bathroom, and
you can keep her things on these
shelves. and you will sleep here across
the hail."
Millie, with every desire to concil-
late her new mistress. nevertheless
found herself saying, in an exacting
tone:
II always want to sleep in the room
with my babies, so l can hear them
in the night"
Mrs. Jones nodded.
IF you prefer, that is quite all
right" she assented, II will have a
cot put in here for you but by the
time Joan is three months old, we
can give up her night feelings al
together. We did with Johnnie.
Nrillie had seen Johnnie, the son of
the house, about years old and
lively youngster. Although she had
an infinite and understanding tender
ness for little babies. she had learned
that, when they grew old enough to
walk and to talk they began to
escape from her. She knew that she
could not. as the saying is, get along
Evening star., 1927-04-24

escape in the hours she spent with
the baby.
In the morning Millie brought her
to the dining ROOM while Mr.. and
Mrs Jones and Johnnie had break
fast In the afternoon she took the
baby for a ride in her perambulator
and stayed away, when the weather
was fair, as late as possible, reveling
in the long hours alone with Joan.
But she could not always be with her
baby. and, in her relations with
Charles and Laura and with Johnnie,
there were continual irritations.
Between her and Charles there was
a continuing feud. Charles was de-
voted to Johnnie, and he so contrived
his time as TO be able to help the
little boy dress and undress. The two
were boon companions. But Millie
hated Johnnie, and he returned this
feeling, not with hatred because he
was too young TO feel that passion,
but with resentment of her attentions
and with an inclination to become
fretful and angry at her ministra-
tions. She hated Johnnie; but the
fact that he welcomed Charles
aroused in Millie an infuriating
jealousy. Sometimes she and Charles
became involved in arguments as to
the simple business of keeping
Johnnie's room in order and 1t
seemed to Millie that Charles en-
Evening star., 1927-04-24
;ientist Finds a lost Tree in Washington

hotels within reach, and to live 90 or
80 miles away and have to travel back
and forth each day would lose so
much time that the results of the ex.
pedition would be likely to be no more
fruitful than those of previous ones,
which have done something of this
sort.
But by camping right there and
having some one to look after the
preparation of food, so that the scien.
lists would be free to spend the whole
OF the daylight in exploration. the
chances are that success would be oh
tanned, unless the tree has indeed been
entirely exterminated
The lone Franklinia growing in
washington is passed by hundreds of
people daily, and when in blossom is
greatly admired. 1t is hoped that if
viii be possible to find additional mem.
bers of this historic family of trees.
1t may be that the tree is growing
elsewhere, or is cultivated by some
farmer Of tree lover. II this is so, in.
terested scientists are anxious to know
about it,
Evening star., 1927-04-24

also now had their garnishes of pew
ter. Strange to say, of all this wealth
of ancient material, so few specimens
remain that it is now almost impos-
sible to obtain domestic pewter of an
earlier date than the seventeenth CEN
tury.
In January, 1873, the Mistery Pew.
terers of England were granted their
first charter by Edward ". Previous
charters had, however, been granted
to the Stanneries of Cornwall and
Devon by King John in 1891, and by
Edward / in 1905. giving proof of the
existence of regular system of guild
organization among the masters of
pewter art for more than 200 years
earlier. In 134S the mayor and alder.
men of London were petitioned by the
London master pewterers to frame
ordinances for the protection of their
workmen from fraud, in order that
the reputation for good quality, which
English pewter seems to have borne
from the beginning, might be consist
emily maintained.
The pewterers' art reached its
highest perfection in England and
other European countries during the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
tleman's house contained not only it's
own garnish of pewter, but many ad-
ditional vessels of it listed as made
for pleasure and state" Latin
writer's, during the same period, make
frequent mention of magnificent feasts
served on pewter, and one-Sueton-
ius-tells of the removal of the silver
vessels from the Roman temple by
| Vitellius, who replaced them with ves-
sells Of pewter, thus inaugurating a
custom followed through succeeding
generations.
TO people of education the greatest
charm of pewter ware now, as in the
beginning, lies in it's artistic SIM
plicity; the pleasant effects accom-
pished through perfection of outlines
and restrained decorat ton, and it's ex-
quisite softness of color. But in spite
of its enduring fascination and the
| Importance it attained during the
middle ages. to an extent that it was
/ often especially mentioned in official
| documents as well as in the domestic
and ecclesiastical annals of successive
centuries, the exact origin of pewter
remains still veiled in an obscurity
which perhaps subtly enhances its fas'
cination.
I
This no less an authority than Dr.
| Samuel Johnson declared TO be de
rived from the Dutch word peauter.
| Prof. Skeat, on the other hand, in
sists in his chronological Dictionary
that the Dutch peauter, the old
French word peutre, peautre OF
piautre; the Italian pettro and the
Spanish ptetre, under which titles the
same ware is variously known in
these various countries. are one and
all borrowed from the simpler Eng
lish one of pewter. So there you are
back again to the starting point, none
the wiser for your excursion into for
eign fields of pewter lore. but prob
ably all the more content with tht
good old English name which, after
all is said and done, seems the mos
appropriate to ware which England
made famous If she did not actually
originate.
George Washington's camp servic'
! uf 40 pieces was entirely of pewter
J and so was the greater part also o
; his home table furnishings in his earl.
married life.
Evening star., 1927-04-24
Alle Loved Babies But Had Difficulties With Some Grown Ups

our dinner. I will want you to keep
his room in order: but you won't
have much to do with him"
Il like TO give all my time to my
baby" Milie explained, and Mrs
Jones agreed: -.
You'll have very little else to do. :"
The trained nurse left the next day.
and Millie threw herself at once into
the tasks which the care of small
baby brings. She reused at about
half past five every morning, heated
the first bottle and held it while Joan
absorbed it's contents. Aftervard
the baby slept for an hour or more,
while Mllie had time to dress, TO
have her breakfast in the kitchen
with Charles and Laura. and to do
some of the washing which had to he
done every day. At 8 o'clock she took
Joan up and hathed her
Another bottle, another sleep, an
other waking and another bottle,
fresh clothing and to sleep again. Thus
the recurring days.
In the care of Joan, Millie was per-
fectly happy; but not in her other re-
lations She disliked young Johnnie
so definitely that, at times. her feel
ing amounted to hatred. He was, of
course, disorderly, and even though
Evening star., 1927-04-24
Magic of Old Pewter
Again EXerts Power

"HERE is a fascination about
old pewter that seems to have
dominated a goodly portion of
Il the world since remote ages.
Especially have the housewives
OF untold generations felt the magic
of 1t, but whether the object of ac-
uuirement be merely domestic serv-
ice or an artistic fad, "the spell
makes good just the same. Small
wonder, therefore, that for several
thousand years or so pewter has
played an important part in the do.
mestic economy of mankind!
Although in the present revival OF
the vogue for pewter, now spreading
its thrall over this country, the speci-
mems most eagerly sought and prized
are such articles as may have been
brought over from England to Amer
lea by the early English or Dutch col
onists, commonly classed under the
general heading of "Old English" the
pewterers' art antedates its naturali-
zation in England by many centuries.
That both the Chinese and Japanese
manufactured pewter at least 1000
years ago. as is proved by very beau
fiful specimens of their workmanship
dating back to the ancient dynasties
of even more distant eras, which are
still carefully preserved and highly
prized. not only for their historic
value. but for their exceedingly ar
tistic form.
Pewter ware also was largely used
by the Romans who employed 1t for
the Smaking of their seals of office
s well as for household vessels. With
the fall of the Roman Empire, pew
ter, for a time, lapsed into obscurity,
rs far as the civilized world was con-
cerned, only TO reappear and reach
the zenith Of it's fame in England dur
ing the middle ages. There in 1878,
Il was considered so rare and valuable
as to he especially mentioned in
pipe roll.
Notwithstanding this apparent
costliness OF material during the fol-
lowing years. pewter vessels of all
kinds We're manufactured in England
10 an extent that, at coronation
feast in 1890, 800 pieces of pewter
plate We're used, including dishes,
patters, salts and even the cooking
utensils.
In spite of a continuous increase
IN production during the fourteenth
century, the. use of pewter was almost
entirely confined to the court, the
nobility and higher church dignltaries.
In the households of those of lesser
degree it was seldom 10 be seen If
ever found, and even in the homes OF
families of rank it was frequently
necessary 10 hire pewter services for
special occasions, such as weddings,
Christmas festivities, etc.
Among the more notable pewter
owners OF this period were Clement
of Hungary, who is recorded in 1925
as the proud possessor of nearly q
gross of porringers; Charles VI OF
France, who in 1880 was supplied by
Michelet Ls Breton with 6 dozen dishes
end u dozen porrngers, and the
Archbishops of Rheims and Rouen
whose households were thoroughly
equipped with pewter ware of every
description. including many vessels
for ecclesiastical purposes.
In 140I Isabella of Bavaria is salt
to have possessed nine dozen pewte
dishes and three dozen porringers
while in 1922 Charles VII of F'ranc'
bought from Jehan of Tours 81 dishes
end 1913 porringers of pewter. Th'
universities of oxford and Cambridge
Evening star., 1927-04-24

Joan had assembled to that throne in
her heart which so many babies had
occupied before. They had become
shades, shadows of lost loved ones In
the background of her thoughts: but
Joan was alive, actual, II or IA
pounds of substantial, tangible, sweet
flesh; and she began already to know
MilIe. to look forward to her ap-
pearaaces, and to respond to her
caresses and endearments with wide
and toothloss smiles.
This is the tragedy of the baby
nurse. that she loves her baby so
completely that she will endure any
thing human flesh can endure rather
than he separated from her charge.
Miie would go to any length to aVoiS
this catastrophe; and that afternoon
in a desperate desire to placate Mrs.
Jones. she made a cup of tea and
took it up to her mistress with an
apoloGetiC word.
Il thought you might like it," she
explained.
And Mrs. Jones thanked her, and
the world was, for a while, serene,
x ~
.MILL1E's life during the next few few
AVA months was a succession of irri-
tating incidents from which she found
Evening star., 1927-04-24
Ry UTHAI VINCENT WILCOX.

HERE is growing on CheVy
chase Circle, just inside the
district line, a lone specimen
of a 'lost" tree. 1t is not
very tall and has a smooth
black bark. but otherwise it looks
little different from other trees stand
ing in the parkway. This lost" tree
is known as the Franklin tree, tech
nically, Franklnia Alatamaha.
According to DIR. Edgar I. Wherry
of the Department of Agriculture,
who has spent much time In STUDY
as we'll as search for this variety, the
tree has not been seen in its native
place in the State of Georgia since
1899. Expeditions have been sent
there by the Arnold Arboretum of
Boston. and private parties, but none
have been able to relocate the tree
in its native place, Fort Darlington,
Ca"
1t seems strange that a tree should
be lost. But the fact remains that
in this instance a tree family has ap-
parently disappeared. There are but
a bare half dozen known specimens OF
the tree found anywhere in America,
and when they have died the species
will have disappeared and be as eX'
tinct as the dodo or other prehistoric
MONSTER uIlleSS OliSL JiRIHpSlo VIZ
this tree family can be found in the
region where once they grew in
abundance and where various searches
have thus far failed to reveal any.
The Franklinia growing in Wash
ington is of this family of tree first
found by old John Bartram of Phila-
delphia. in 1865, in the Altamaha
River Valley OF Georgia, near Fort
harrington. Bartram had the dis
tinction of being botanist to the King
of England, and was in Georgia on
a botanical collecting trip, when he
found what since has proved to be a
very rare tree. He named the species
after Benjamin Franklin. The region
was revisited by his son, William
Bartram. in 1873 and again in 1778,
when the collected the Franklinia
seed.
After this the tree became "lost,
although for years many nursery men
have made fruitless efforts to find
some trace of the original growth. AL
though Bartram left very explicit di-
rections as to the locality of the trees
that he found, it is believed that so
many seeds and cuttings were taken
that determination resulted.
DIR. Wherry, the scientist holds out
some Rpe, however, for he says:
81 Tauld not say that the region
has hah exhaustively explored. and
furtheMearch should be made, farther