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Rassvet = The dawn., 1927-09-01
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Evening star., 1927-12-09
The Value of Sleep.

During Health week" at Barnard
College the students are competing by
classes in the fine art of sleep. The
girls are going to bed early, sleeping
as late as possible and keeping track
Of their ''time." This is a healthful
contest from every standpoint. Sleep
In very much abused throughout
America, as much 50 in the colleges
as elsewhere. The words Of the wise
Franklin are looked upon askance. es-
pecially the admonition concerning
''early to bed" Many young persons
are led to believe. by the vigor Of their
youth, that sleep is something which
Il needed only by children and older
persons. There could hardly be a
greater mistake. While it is undoubt.
edly true that not every one needs the
time-honored "eight hours" 1t is un-
questionable that lack of sleep tends
to pull down the physical and mental
reserve, to deplete the bank account
Of health, to put the sleep shrinker
into q position where sudden de-
mand upon his vitality may cause
serious trouble. Though contest to
determine "the sleepiest class" is only
q gesture, 1t may do a great deal of
good, not only in the specific institu-
ton, but to thousands who read Of it,
and thus are led to the consideration
Of the problem in relation to the in
dividual case.
Evening star., 1927-12-09
Church Property Tax
Nav Set Precedent

From the St. Paul Dispatch.
A decision of the Minnesota Su-
preme Court declaring taxable house
and lot owned by the Congregational
Church in st. Louis Park apparently
will greatly restrict tax exemptions
allowed on property owned by
churches and educational institutions.
The State constitution provides that
'burying grounds, public schoolhouses,
public hospitals. academies. colleges.
universities, and all Seminaries of
learning, all churches, church prop
erty and houses of worship, institu-
tions Of purely public charity and
public property used exclusively for
any public purpose shall be exempt
from taxation"
The property in st. Louis Park had
been used as parsonage until 1920.
The attempt to collect taxes dates
from that time, when the church
leased the property to private ten
ant. In holding that this real estate,
which was tax-exempt while used as
a parsonage, is taxable when leased,
the Supreme Court has made an i'm
portant Interpretation of the term
church property" as used in the
State constitution.
Used, not ownership, becomes the
criterion of taxability under the terms
of this ruling. The constitutional pro-
vision. the Supreme Court says. has
reference to the use of the property
and it's relation to the purposes and
activities of the church organization"
The decision specifically declares that
the constitution does not exempt real
property used by the church only as
a source of income.
Moreover, the decision restricts the
exemptions allowed educational insti-
tutions to property reasonably neces-
sary for and primarily used and de-
voted to the proper purpose of the in
stitution." This means property To-
Gated so as to be suitable for the insti-
tution's purposes, either at present or
in the near future.
The decision may be expected to
lead to re-examination of church and
educational property hitherto tax
exempt in Minnesota. It's ultimate
effect will be disclosed only by such an
examination. But 1t may be expected
to place much property on the tax
rolls and to have an influence on
church and educational institutions
investments in the future If their
property is not exempted from tax
alton in their charters, as in the case
of Hamline University in ST. Paul.
Evening star., 1927-12-09
Ten-Hour FLYERS.

Clarence Chamberlin. holder Of the
world distance record for airplanes,
and now the proprietor Of a large
aircraft factory, says that the Ameri-
can youth is so adept at things me-
chanical that ten hours is sufficient
instruction to allow him to fly "solo."
Chamberlin has just completed super
vision of the flying training Of more
than one hundred students and will
do some class work as a part of his
general aviation activities.
The New York-toGermany flyer is
conceded to be one of the finest pilots
in the United States, but the average
person will probably believe that he
is somewhat optimistic when he makes
the startling claim that ten hours
instruction Is enough for the average
youngster before he starts out alone
Evening star., 1927-12-09

Looking out north windows was
popular indoor sport in Washington
last Sunday.
Thousands of persons who ordinarily
pay no particular attention to the
pageant Of the weather were lured by
the elements to personal inspection of
the great outdoors.
To be on the inside, looking out
was not that the greatest boon which
life could confer upon one that day?
This was the way the average Wash
ingtOnian felt as he rose to find his
city shrouded in sleet and rain. com
bined with a few hailstones for good
measure.
1t had begun the evening before. in
a steady cold rain which combined icy
particles. He had heard it beating
upon the roof, had snuggled deeper
under the covers, had thought with a
grateful heart that he would not
have to get up tomorrow until he
wanted to-"
This applied. of course, to the rank
and file of Government and business
workers, for whom Sunday is a day
of worship, rest or automobiling, ac-
cording to the individuak tempera-
ment.
AS he peered out the window, from
the upper sashes of which depended
large icicles, the householder that
morning gave a thought to the hun
dreds of men whose work and duty
called them forth into exposure.
Faithful milkmen only a few hours
before had slipped and slid their way
to doorsteps, depositing thereon. from
their galvanized baskets, various bot
ties Of milk and cream.
In the night he had heard them go
by, and had thought, as he listened:
Gosh. who would want to be a milk
man on a night like this? If I We're
that fellow l would take an eXamina-
ton for postman."
Today, as he looked out at the in
clement weather, he began to see that
there were compensations. There are
always compensations. Here within,
snugly warm, he was fighting
cold" while there without, arrayed in
an old sweater and heavy shoes. the
honest milkman was troubled with no
such complaint.
Surely, thought the observer, all
those whose duty forces them out into
such sleet are large and hardy men
who are we'll able to wrestle with the
wind and the water. They are brave
fellows, whose joy is to breast the
gale, and to master 1t.
He thought of telephone linesmen,
trappers walking through the forests
of the North, men on the bridges of a
thousand ships in a hundred seas, of
all those everywhere faithful to the
call of their job.
These men are not soft city dwellers,
who look with doubtful eyes at a
little sleet, but stern, tough fellows,
Injured to time and chance. They have
strength, endurance, robustness, stur
diness, stoutness, vigor, toughness.
They come and go as they please,
and laugh in the growl of the storm.
They toss their stout arms aloft to
whatever calls are made upon their
Drawn. They wear thick woolens.
they know how to cope with the ele-
ments. Our invisible hat goes off to
them.
Here, in the warm room, with the
radiator red hot, it is pleasant to look
Evening star., 1927-12-09
PHILOSOPHERS
BY
GLENN FRANK

The god OF the modern man is Or.
ganization.
We are citizens of an overorganized
civilization working In the dark.
We need great leaders.
We are content to breed great exec
utives.
The American exaltation Of the ex-
ecutive robs American civilization of
much great leadership that it might
have.
We have a h~ht m turning our
prophets into office boys.
We would insist that st. Francis
run for office and that Savonarola be
made secretary of a reform organiza-
ton.
We consistently bury our leadership
under official duties.
1t is very hard for a Pre- esident of
the United States to be q political
leader.
1t is very hard for a bishop to be a
spiritual leader.
1t is very hard for a college presi-
dent to be an educational leader.
1t is very hard for the editor of a
great and prosperous newspaper or
magazine to be great leader of pub
lie thought.
The reason for this is obvious: The
cAttuAANC vi any great organization is
too busy to think and too entangIed
in institutional interests to be cou-
rageous.
Now and then great executives rat
tie the chains of their jobs and rise
above the limitations in their daily
duties, but they do it at a price.
When we are a little older. as a
civilization, we shall learn that admin
istration is the "housework" of our
Institutions, not the supreme task of
leadership.
AS it is, we draft our potential lead
ership into executive tasks and chain
1t to desk duties.
The result is that the leadership of
our minds and our spirits too often
falls into the hands of erratics we
have not thought well enough Of to
elect to executive offices.
The greatest educational leaders are
not college presidents.
The greatest spiritual leaders are
not bishops.
The greatest political leaders are not
officeholders.
Two things we need to do:
First, we need to stop killing great
leaders by claiming them to desk Jobs.
Second, we need to learn to respect
great leadership without the regalia
of office.
Copyright Mcclure Newspaper Syndicate }
Evening star., 1927-12-09
Modes in Mayors.

What are the proper qualifications
for an American mayor, anyhow?
In one issue of The Star dispatches
from two different towns in the Bay
State tell Of the success at the polls
of two men whose methods, and doubt
less whose characteristics, are as far
apart as the ends of the earth.
Holyoke's next chief executive is
"the silent candidate" who did not
want to run, who spent not a cent in
running, and who during the entire
campaign made only three statements,
and those oral ones. He had criticized
constructively in the press the way
municipal affairs were being managed,
and the prompt answer from promi-
nent citizens was "All right, you do it. :"
Newburyport will rejoice in quite a
different sort Of mayor, who has been
nicknamed the city's Bad Boy" and
who runs a gasoline station. His cam
paign was full of fireworks, and since
his election has been announced-he
carried every ward but one-he has
talked freely and blithely about what
he intends to do to this fireman and to
that cop. His campaign and pre-cam-
paign activities are reminiscent of a
circus bill poster. This village cut;up
Evening star., 1927-12-09

to zoom through uncharted skies.
While 1t is encouraging for the public
to believe that airplanes are SO simple
to operate that flying is a matter of
few hours training, nevertheless
there will be considerable skepticism
regarding the. competence Of a ten
hour flyer.
OF course, If Chamberlin means that
the ten-hour period is just enough
for a solo flight. and not the complete
course in flying which he intends to
give. that Is another thing altogether.
But, considering that the streets and
roads of the country are swarming
with motorists who have not learned
to drive properly in ten years, the
general public is not going to be par
ticularly pleased at the prospect of
focks of airplanes overhead piloted
by ten-hour flyers.
Evening star., 1927-12-09
A Commendable Concession.

After having declined to conform
70 the suggestions of the Commission
of Fine Arts in the design of its new
building at the corner of Fourteenth
and E streets, to insure suitable
harmony with the Government con-
structions that are soon to arise on
the other side of Pennsylvania ave-
nue., the United Cigar Stores Co. has
decided to amend it's plans for the
structure and will submit new pro-
posal, more in keeping with the con-
ditions that are to be developed. This
In a commendable spirit of co-opera-
ton and there is ground for congrat-
ulating the corporation upon its ac-
ton. There Is, unfortunately, no law
under which such private construc-
tions in Washington can be regulated,
save as to maximum height and uses.
No minimum height limit has been
established, to assure a consistent
skyline. There is no architectural
standard. AS stated the other day In
these columns, bill designed to effect
such supervision and regulation was
introduced before the last Congress,
but failed of passage. 1t Is likely
that another bill. framed perhaps
somewhat differently, will be offered
ut the present session, and in the light
Of the episode of the Fourteenth and
e streets building it is certain to COM
mand consideration and possibly be
pushed to passage.
The elaborate plans Of the Govern
ment to erect a great group OF Fed
eral housings in the Mall-Avenue tri-
angle, on a scale and in style COM
mensurate with not only the needs of
the service, but the character of the
city, call for cooperation on the part
of private property owners to assure
q harmony Of effect in the develop
ment of the Capitals principal street,
which fianks the site for this assem-
blage of Federal structures. One OF
the purposes Of the Government in
concentrating its future constructions
In the triangle is to redeem Pennsyl-
vania avenue from its decadence. due
TO long neglect incident to the uncer-
tainty of the policy of public building
emplacements. If there is no coop
GRAFTON on the part Of private owners,
this result will not be gained. The
adjustment now effected, whereby con-
sideration will be given to the public
requirements by the corporation con-
templating construction, is a move
toward a satisfactory coordination of
the forces making for the ideal Wash
ington, which should be the desire of
verybody-merchant. citizen and Gov
ernment official
Evening star., 1927-12-09

socked his predecessor in the Jaw and
got sixty days In the pen for it; he
says: "If anybody is going to sell
liquor in this town it Is going to be a
white man." Needless to say, he was
slurring aliens, not American negroes.
Different sorts of communities need,
or at least tolerate, different sorts of
mayors. Jimmy Walker would never
do in Charleston; efficient and success
full mayors of other great municipal
tiles would be complete f1ops in New
York; Chicago's chief executive could
not get by anywhere else in this coun-
try, or probably in the world. 1t will
be interesting to see which of the two
newcomers will become the more pleas
antly remembered-the clam or the
blowfish.
Evening star., 1927-12-09
Child Training Urged
AS One Way to Peace
To the Editor of The Star:

~ tHe I-ulbof ol Inc StdF.
A resolution calling for treaties to
outlaw war, as introduced by Senator
Capper last week, was picked up and
exploited considerably by the news
papers.
Senator Capper's resolution is un-
doubtedly worthy of some comment
1t may prove to be one of many
forces the combined efforts Of which
will further the peace of the world
But can treaties outlaw war? On oc-
casion treaties have been mere
scraps of paper" and rather than out
law war let us outlaw the causes of
war. One of the first of these is mis-
understanding often based on preju-
dices formed in early youth.
One force Is at work and making
sincere attempt not only to prevent
misunderstanding but to promote a
better understanding between the
United States of America and the
British Commonwealth of Nations.
The Brooks Bright Foundation,
which makes its appeal to schoolboys
and schoolgirls of these two nations
before their minds become tainted
with the prejudices of their elders, Is
apparently a force for the promotion
of better international understanding.
Their method is simple, direct and
frank. Prizes are offered annually to
the schoolboys and schoolgirls for
the best essay submitted on some topic
Of international interest. Study. re-
search and interest in international
affairs promote in the youth of today
the coming generation, a better under
standing of the relations of the
United States with other nations.
WRIGHT FISHER.
Evening star., 1927-12-09
UNITED STATES
in WORLD WAR
Ten Years Ago Today

It is disclosed that more than 1000
candidates for aviation rankings have
already been sent overseas. Air Board,
after inspection trip to plants and fly
ing fields, states that another 60 days
will see men and materials being
turned out rapidly. "Gradu-
alton exercises of large bayonet
school for Americans near front are
witnessed by several generals and
their staffs. The men, trained by
British instructors, give a demonstra-
ton Of energy, speed and accuracy
which is truly American. They are
now ready to go over the top.
German railways are congested by
movement of troops and artillery from
eastern to western front to strike new
blow at British. Hindenburg joins
Ludendorff in directing operations at
Cambrai. Cologne Gazette
declares President Wilson talks non
sense, but admits he has the American
people hitched to his war wagon. Edi-
tor says we fear Germany and only
oppose autocracy when it threate.s
our trade.
Evening star., 1927-12-09
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

through the glass at the bitter cold.
1t is not so cold outdoors as II
looks from here. The thermometer
| on the back porch, registering 2S de-
grees, tells one as much.
But how cold it appears,
Wonder rosebush, which not n week
ago baskcd beneath a Springlike
sun, today submits to caperS from
| the wag Jack Frost.
Jack has carefelly enameled hun
dreds of shining. 1s-ssvar leaves of ice,
which he has fitted to each one OF
the real leaves. still fresh and green.
When one goes into the garden
later. he will discover that it is pos
sible To break off stem, bearing a
dozen leaves. and then to pun them
away. leaving perfect pattern in
ice.
Each leaf is shaped as If by
Nature each tiny tWiS yet unmelted-
Hold it but a few seconds by the
fire, however; the whole thing meIts
away drop by drop.
How fortunate that the real rose
bushes are of more solid stuff, that
they hold their shape despite the
storm, that Winter Cat least in this
elimate) does not often kill them.
X X X
The icicles are perhaps the most
interesting phenomena of the storm.
They are more than "tasering ice
formations, produced by freezing of
successive drops tricliling from the
point of attachment" as the diction-
arV says.
This IS where the dictionary falls
down. An icicle, on such a day as
this, is the sign of Winter, the en-
phatic finger of fate, pointing out
that all is not Spring that seems
Spring.
Icicles, one sees, are decorative ele-
ments on garages, hanging down
along the edges of roofs, giving silver
tinted boards to otherwise youthful
structures.
How young in the land is the ever
present garage,
The garage is a mere infant-in-
arms, when compared to the vener-
able stable, the time -honored equine
shelter. now disappearing along with
the creatures it shelters.
Stables, through mans love for the
horse. took on some semblance OF
architectural beauty, whereas the
average garage is merely station
ary box, set in the back yard in
family vehicle. One may respect a
garage, but who can love 1t?
* X X
This Is a good day, thinks the
window sill philosopher, to stay in
the house.
If there is any reason for going
out, we'll and good, but If no duty
calls. this is a day divinely made to
order on which to enjoy the comfort
of home.
One turns from the cold pane, with
it's prospect of mingled water and
ice, sleet which resembles rain, rain
which has half a mind to change
itself into pellets of hail-one turns
from all this to the contemplation or
warmth, and dryness, and the hap
piness which these qualities bring to
mankind.
This was, after all, what a house
was built for-to protect one on such
a day as this!
So, house, do your stuff.
Evening star., 1927-12-09
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

places as reporters for their own
papers. Among them were Josephus
Daniels of North Carolina, editor of
the Raleigh News and Observer;
Henry J. Allen Of Kansas, editor of
the Wichita Daily Beacon, and Gill
bert NJ. Hitchcock, editor of the
Omaha World Herald. A member of
the Senate who occasionally strolis
into the press gallery is Arthur Cap
per of Kansas, owner of whole
string Of dailies and periodicals. SEN
ator Garter Glass of Virginia is en-
titled TO wander into Jim" Preston's
realm at any time, too. in his incar-
nation as editor of the Lynchburg
News. The House of Representative
has a considerable bevy of journalist
members, among them Dan" An
thony of Kansas and Clyde Kelly Of
Pennsylvania.
y *
Representative James NJ. Beck, Re
publican, of Pennsylvania, who breaks
all records by being investigated be-
fore he's had a chance to warm his
seat, will be tried by a House COM
mittee without a Pennsylvania MEM
Der. Representative Garrett, Demo
cratic minority leader. said he picked
out COMMITTEE on elections No. q"
to investigate the gentleman declared
not to be from Pennsylvania, because
No. is minus a KeystOner. rarely,
indeed" the Tennesseean told the
House. "do we discover an important
committee of this body without a
Pennsylvania on it." The committee
which'll X-ray Mr.. Beck's residential
qualifications is headed by Representa-
tive Vincent of Michigan. Republican.
It consists Of seven Republicans and
three Democrats. Vincent is a prose-
cutting attorney by profession.
BY far the most impressive figure
In the opening hours of the new Sem
ate session has been John G. Crockett,
veteran chief clerk and reading clerk.
Crockett looks like a Senator and
talks better than a lot Of 'em. He
comes from Iowa, having been
brought to Washington by Senator
Allison more than 25 years ago Once
upon O time he was an actor. Crock
ett's sonorous voice and fine intona-
ton infuse a note of the dramatic
into even so dreary proceedings as roll
calls and reading of the Presidents
message. His presentation of the
Norris resolutions indicting Smith
and Ware was a particularly effective
piece of defamation.
Copyright. 1927