davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25
5000 YEARS OF
FARMING BASIS
CROP ROTATION

Out of the practical experience of
farmers over a period of 5000 years
or more has finally developed the
fundamental principle of modern crop
rotation, says ". w. Weir, bureau Of
soils, United States department of ag-
riculture. This principle is the grow
ing of an inter-tilled crop, a small
grain crop, and a grass or legumi-
nous crop in the order named, and in
recurring succession on a given piece
of land. Four stages of farming prac-
tice during these 80 centuries have re-
suited in the present system of crop
ping, and they are recounted by Mr..
Weir in order that the Importance of
crop rotation may be fully appreci-
ated today.
When cereals became the chief
source of food of the early peoples it
was natural that these crops should
be grown on the same fields year af-
ter year. 1t was noted, however, that
such cropping resulted in land deple-
ton, and that resting the land re-
newed its producing power. This
knowledge gave rise to the practice
of resting" the land, or abandoning
it, at intervals to the natural growth
of rough and weedy heritage. The
oldest record of such a practice ac-
cOrding to MI. Weir, is to be found
in the Mosaic laws (about 14OO B. c.
commanding the people, "And six
years thou shalt sow thy land, and
gather in the fruits thereof; but the
seventh thou shalt let it rest and lie
still" Thus we have the first or
resting" stage of cropping.
About 20 B. c., the resting" prac-
tice gave way to one in which 'bare
fallOw" was practiced to control the
5 weeds. In this second stage the ro-
/, tatiOn consisted of a winter grain like
wheat, followed by a spring grain like
Y barley, which in turn was followed by
bare fallOw.
The third stage was marked by the
t introduction of legumes or clover'
: into the cropping system. The Elem
ish farmers about 1900 A. D., abol
s ished the bare fallow practice, anC
e grew clover in rotation with hemp
e turnips, and small grains. This wa
a big step in the improvement of hus
S bandry because it permitted NOR,
s livestock to be kept and renewed a
r well as rested the land.
e The fourth stage was the introduc
g ton of intertillage in the field. Al
though the art Of hoeing in betwee
} rows of plants grown in the garde
I had been practiced by the earl
to Romans, apparently nobody though
TX of carrying the practice to the field
as until English farmers adopted it dul
he ing the eighteenth century to NEE
rs the problem of weeds.
n The introduction of intertillage int
the field gave rise to one of the grea.
e. est improvements in agriculture, an
he to the completion of the basic pril
IS ciple of crop rotation as it is know
today.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

The world moves so fast nova
Iisys that few remember that there
i&fHs NJ real trans-eontinental Can
k;'v until the Canadian Pacihc was
bTij in 1885, and iess than half &
IL acayy after the last spike was
hTlvsE by Ior6 Stratbcona. Canada
is OF the most important units
kc The British Empire and, with
E-,A exception, the best customer
Fine United States has in trade.
rpm Wilson, a mere youngster of
SIS belongs TO the days well-re-
memhered when there was no
krans-continentai railway In Can
lRdA and when from Winnipeg to
lwnat is now Vancouver, there were
no Inhabitants. except b~uffaloes, In
dams and q few Hudson's Bay
Company employees.
While still in his teens Mr.. Viii
son Joined the North West Mount
ed Police and entered the vast ter
ritory which now embraces the
provinces Of Saskatchewan and Al
berta. The lure Of the prairies and
later the mountains. implanted
their subtle call to penetrate be.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25
OUR

It has been decided TO observe the
week Of April "a to 80 as American
Forest week." The idea is that ev-
eryone should plant a tree or two
and, as the president says, utilize the
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

trail he wishes TO make TO q lAhs
that at present has none.
It was Tom Wilson who di@SW
cred Lake Louise. that gem - @a
Canadian Rockies. in 1882, and As
states it is just as lovely 70 anal
now as when he came upon it -
expectedly the first time. In E@,
same year he discovered Esn&aa.
Lake. and. it is through Mr.. VT
sons desire to know what lay -
yond, that he was the first ShaGl
man to visit Mt. NAssiniboirs n
1893. This mountain, 1850 Fest
high, is in one Of the most spectAe-,
ular sections Of the Canadian
Rockies and through this region.
the Trail Riders Of the Can9diau.
Rockies win have their annual rtde.
next summer. Tom Wilson II s
member Of the Trail Riders anu ~
the annual meet two years ago IA
the Yoho Valley, at Takakkaw
Falls, a bronze has relief was dedl-
Gated TO him, q monument to the
man who is still cutting trails that
others may enjoy what be has rev
eled in for forty-ive years-scen-
Z cry unrivaled anywhere.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

A meeting of prominent citizens of
Bozeman and other places in the
state was held at the Bozeman We'd
nesday evening to talk over the best
means Of providing funds for the
various state institutions. . After
thoroughly discussing the situation a
committee was appointed to take
such action as was decided would best
accomplish the result desired.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

useful opportunity for taking cOun-
sci on what can and should be done
to bring these neglected and waiting
lands into use." Forest week is d
successor to the single day event
formerly known as Arbor day.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

this first concert a memorable one.
A college is a new thing for Bozeman,
and it remains to be seen whether
the town will develop a proper college
spirit. We think and hope it will.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

w. D. Flowers, George W. Wake
field and T. B. Sackett leave today
for the Yakima country where they
will examine gold mines with the
idea of purchasing if they prospect
we'll.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

The college gives its first concert
in the opera house at 8 p. M, Friday,
March 80. A varied program has been
prepared and Miss Calvin has been
working hard for six weeks to make
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

w. J. Beall was confirmed at st.
James Episcopal church yesterday
morning.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-03-25

G.. S. Lansing leaves for Alaska
this morning to engage in gold min
ing.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

DIR. r. r. Daily went by motor
yesterday to New Rochelle, N. III,
to join his brother. John A. Daily,
and Mrs. DAILY, for a motor trip
through New England.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12
OF
EGYPT IS
DADDY

There WIN be three little Egypts"
playing around In the garden Of
the Egyptian Legation on Meridian
Hllis, instead Of two, this fall.
when the Minister and. Nine. samy
Pasha. return from Newport, to take
possession oe their new residence,
for Hoda. named for her distin-
guished grandmother Nine. Hoda
Charaoui was born yesterday.
The Minister and Nine. samy
who have been at the summer
quarters Of the legation since early
In the season. were Joined few
weeks ago BY Nine. ChAraoui. The
latter win return with them to
Washington and spend good part
OF the winter here.
Nine. Charaolli, the mother OF
Mime. samy. ii q great feminist
leader In Egypt, and has visited in
Washington once before.
DR.. and Mrs. Lyman b. SWORN
stedt have left town for months
vacation, which will be spent with
relatives fiji New Jersey, New York
and Massachusetts,.
~ =
Frank Hitchcock. 81 New York.
II at the Willard.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12
JEAN EIT0Ts NEWS AND GOSSIP OF SOCIETY IN THE CA
FOLK
ON VACATION
TN NORTH

Every little hin in the Berkshirss
seams to have its WashingtonIan-
one or more. And every day
brings news Of parties In that sec.
tion with those taking star parts.
Mrs. William II, King. wife Of
Senator King. who. il spending the
summer at Gladbrook Farm. New
Ashford, entertained there at
picnic supper last night In conpli.
nlent to her house guest, Mrs. Rob
ert Henderson, wife Of Captain
Henderson, u, s. N. The party
included Count and Countess Carlo
Sforza, Of Rome: John Pelenyi,
counselor OF the Hungarian Lega.
ton, and Mrs. Pelenyi, and Col.
and Mrs. Matthews Dulany, OF
Washington.
Mr.. and Nine. Pelenyi are spend.
ing the summer at Williamstown,
Mass, where the Hungarian lega.
ton IL established for the summer.
Mrs. James T. Leavitt gave 4
luncheon at Hillside Farm, williams.
town. yesterday In honor Of Mrs.
Archibald Hopkins, Of Washington,
who is the guest of Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles Buckley Hubbell, It Brook.
side.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

Miss Mary Frances shanahan, has
gone to Baltimore, where she L. the
guest Of relatives.
- \
Dexter North has left washing
ton for a six weeks business trip
through New York state. the Mid.
die West and to the South.
DR.. North will visit his mother.
Mrs. s. n. d. North. at their coun-
try place in New York State, and
on his trip South stop over 4 day
with his father.in.law and mother.
in.law. Mr.. AMI Mrs. Herbert II.
Brown.
Mrs. North ID remaining at their
apartment at Cathedral MansiOns.
= 80
William Bowie til - is the ~,,est
CT Mr.. and Mrs. j. Wilmer Biddis
1t their r'ace, kenmore Aaal,of, NJ
Huntley. Va.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

HampsOn Gary entertained In
formally at dinner last evening on
the willard Roof.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

Prank s. Hight has left for a
trip to California, returning via
Vancouver, and the Northern route
through the Canadian Rockies, On
his return East. he will join his
family at their summer home,
Woodland Farm, Canaan. n. H..
for a brief visit,
The Washington times., 1927-08-12
ANNOUNCE WEDDING
OF DAUGHTER

Mr.. and Mrs. Clyde ], Nichols an,
nounce the marriage of their daugh.
ter, Miss Hope Travis Nichols, to
Fred II. Walker, son Of Mr.. and
Mrs. Daniel 8. Walker.
The ceremony took place August
3 at Sc. Stephens Episcopal Church.
DR.. George r.. Dudley cfficiated.
The bride was attended by Miss
Anna Louise Walton, Mathew s.
Walker. brother Of the bridegroom,
was best man.
kh&
Major and Mrs. Hugo d. Selton
and their small son, Robert, have
returned from Buena Vista Springs,
Pm, where they were the guests Of
Major and Mrs. T. n. Gin1perling,
at their cottage for several days.
Major Selton, who il on ant inspec.
ton tour of some of the summer
camps Of the National Guard, Il at
Virginia Beach, Va.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12
MISS PHILLIPS WITH
MOTHER ON NORTH SHORE

The American minister to Canada,
William Phillips, Is having diff
Guilty in finding satisfactory head.
quarters for the legation in OF.
tawa. Just now he IL staying at
q hotel.
Meanwhile Mrs. Phillips has gone
to the North Shore and is at
"Highover" in Wenham for the
remainder OF the summer. Miss
Beatrice Phillips, daughter of the
Minister and Mrs. Phillips. has
Joined her brothers and. sisters at
Highover, coming home from Eng.
land, where she has been attend.
Ing school.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

Miss Irene Tyrrell and her niece,
Miss Mae Moran, are visiting the
formers uncle, William j. Tyrreli,
At Fort Myer, Va.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12
MRS. COOL IDGE
ADDRESSES
WOMEN
The First Lady Appears
In Role New to
Friends Here
esVYIELL! wen! what nsxtP"
And

Y 49, EAllQ 1
sWiIl wonders aver cease?"
Such are just . sample Of the
original (well, more Or iessl *.
carnations emanating from summer
residents in the Capital apropos Of
Hrs. coclidge's choosing to make a
speech before : large gathering Of
women away out Ia South Dakota.
This is an entirely new phase
d The First Lady to thoss who
have known her here for the last
six Or seven years. Never before
has It been recorded Ia print; or
IN private conversation that Mrs.
Coolidge made brief address
IA fact any kind Of an address be-
fore any kind Of group.
Springs Big Surprise
IN her speech Mrs. Coolidge ad.
mitted that everyone knows I do
not speak but once In q while. =
And Washington thus far has never
known that she did that even sonce
ii while, !" that is, publicly.
She has the reputation Of belne
y DELIGHTFULLY."- animated converse
ti0nali st-fuli Of wit, humOr and
gface--but always only In private.
Before delegations and GROUPINGS
large and small her talk has con.
sisted chiefly in generous smiles
and gracious bows.
South Dakota must have 'Itr' At
least it certainly has something that
seems to make silence less golden.
Mrs. Coolidge's little speech was
made at the dedication yesterday Of
tho log community building at Gus
ter. 8. d.. where she poured the first
cup Of tea.
Senator'S Wives On Program
Also on the program with Mrs.
Coolidge were Mrs. Peter Norbeck,
wife Of Senator Norback; Mrs. VIII.
lam III. MeAfaster, wife OF Senator
McMasters and Mrs. William Will
hanson, wife Of Representative vii.
Hanson Dakotans, ALL
When the Ladies' Of the Senate
meet again, after Congress opens,
these Senatorial wives win I'M.
doubtedly be q BIT more important Ia
the eyes Of their Senatorial sisters
than formerly. For they have had
an association with the First Lady
that few Of the others can boast.
Perhaps Mrs. Dawes
Now that Mrs. Coolidge has
broken her professional silence, per.
haps Mrs. Dawes, wife Of the Vice
President, will do the unbelievable
and stand up, and, "once In while, =
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

Tho District of Columbia Chapter
Of the American War Mothers viii
meet his evening at o'clock at
the Hotel Hamilton. There will be
an election Of delegates to the Ma
tional convention.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

Miss Ellen Wise Crenshaw. who
ID studying interior decorating In
New York, will arrive this afternoon
to spend the weekend with her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Richard
Parker Crenshaw
Mr.. and Mrs. CrenahaW also have
with them their son, Richard
Parker Crenshaw, jr., who viii be
here until he returns to the Har.
ward Law School in September.
~
Miss Mary Jane Poole. Of Bala-
Cynwyd, Pa. who has been visiting
The Washington times., 1927-08-12
SON BORN
. SCOTLAND

SON BORN
IN SCOTLAND
Gerald X. Selous. British Consul
at CaSablanca, Morocco, and Mrs
Selons ara receiving congratulations
on the birth Of son at Edinburgh,
Scotland. Mrs. Seloua was before
her marriage Miss Camilla Lippin.
colt, daughter Of Mrs. Hare Llppin.
c0tk
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

say "a few words that could be pub
Iished.
That's too much to expect even
in world Of wonders" some one is
heard TO remark.
But, you never can tell, another
sage Is heard to comment.
The Washington times., 1927-08-12

Mr.. and Mrs. George Bache Du
Bots, of Georgetown. have as their
guests Mrs. Thrush. Miss Louise
Freeman and Mr.. Daniel. of At.
lanta. who have arrived on Z motor
trip to Nav England.
Mr.. and Mrs. Dubois entertained
informally at dinner last night for
them at The Little Tea House In
Virginia.
The Washington times., 1927-02-28
TO ACT
ON D|S|N|SSALS

tory or a check OF any kind on the
property stored by the District at
this warehouse?" Representative
Gibson asked.
Lockwood answered that no such
check was kept, that he did not
consider 1t the duty of the electric
company to check the Districts
property, and that so far as he
knew, no one from the District
government made q check OF it.
Never Kept Records
Lockwood told the committee that
he personally supervised the in.
stallation Of traffic lights, but that
he did so as a representative of the
Potomac Electric Power Company.
When his workers needed a new
light, he said, they went to the ware
house and got one. No record was
made OF the transaction.
Under questioning by Representa-.
tive Gilbert Of Kentucky, Lockwood
stated that the District government
furnished the traffic lights, the poles
on which they were placed, and the
control boxes.
The electric company furnished
the cable, labor and incidentals, he
said, needed for Installing the lights.
IN responre to q question, he said
that . close check was kept on the
material and labor expended by the
power company. This was done
through the electric company's store
room, he said.
Alvan K. Lowe, chief clerk Of
the electrical department, was
called hv &ha nnvo,,o,tta. a. - ~
Tort 70 prove that the order had
been received.
Lowe said that he remembered
no such order. and that he was
certain 1t had not come through
his desk. He testified further that
all orders Of this character were
received in the electrical depart.
ment through him.
Representative Ernest Gibson.
chairman OF the investigating com.
mittee. then handed Lowe a cow
OF the order in question. On The
bottom OF the order was slammed
the initials wv. 3. H, June 50,
Upon questioning he testified that
these initials stood for Warren n
Hadley, and that the stan1n use6
for placing them there were IN his
Nowe's) possession.
The chief clerk appeared confused
az the apparent discrepancy between
his testimony and the evidence
which representative Gibson pre-.
scented to him. and said that If he
had placed the stamp on the order.
ne must nave forgotten about it.
The Washington times., 1927-02-28
FOUR BLUE [AW
ARRESTS MADE
By International News Service

ny AhVcFu4tlOuHh news service
COLUMBIA, s. c., Feb. 2S.--A
titanic battle doomed today in the
South Carolina legislature over the
States century old blue law"
Following Governor Richards en-.
forcement OF the ancient Sunday
law yesterday on q Statewide
scale, proponents OF pending legis.
lation to modify the law an.
nounced they would press for early
passage of their bills.
First arrests in the governors
drive against Sunday law violators
were made at Greenville, when four
golfers we're nabbed on the Green
Vile Country Club links.
However. the quartet-Ex. Sena.
tor p. A. Bonhari1, John Cushman,
David Ferguson and w. G. Perry,
Unfinished their game at Bit.
more. n. G., after they had been
released on their own recognizance.
At Camden. another tourist iowa,
the Sunday blue law was strictly
enforced. but many tourists left
for Pinehurst and other nearby
resorts.
In the larger cities the law was
generally enforced. Ministers, as a
rule. commended the governor in
sermons yesterday.
The Washington times., 1927-02-28
FIGHTS SCHOOL
BAN ON GIRL

Philip Ebert, ASS Kenyon st.
N. W., is contemplating court action
TO force the authorities at the Mon
roe School to readmit his daughter,
Alice, excluded when the health al.
thorlties certified she had chicken
pox.
Mr.. Ebert's family physician GER
titled the child was not suffering
with the disease.
Under the rules OF the school, &C.
cording to the principal, Miss Beck
ham, Health Department physicians
ordered the child kept home IA days
from their certification that she had
chicken poX,
The child would be readmitted
next Thursday under the ruling.
The Washington times., 1927-02-28
D0HENY LOSES
OIL LEASE
tcontinued From Page d

tConunued From rage ~
Fall, the court held. was part Of
the conspiracy. The day after the
100000 was paid. Fall said that
Doheny would be given additional
privileges.
The final lease. the court found.
was made without any competitive
bidding.
The court failed to sustain one
contention Of the Government--that
former Secretary OF Navy DENLY
acted In the leasing under a mis-
apprehension. The court found
that DENLY acted 'colluaively" with
FAN, but did not say that he acted
''fraudulently."
1t was not necessary to find
whether or not the 100000 paid
Fall was q bride the court said.
Falls whole action was fraudulent,
the court found.
Case In Equity
The case which the Supreme
Court decided today was one OF
equity and was separate and distinct
from the criminal charges brought
against Doheny and Fall. 1t was
ordered by the Senate, and was In.
stituted on March II, 1924. the Gov.
eminent seeking to cancel the leases
and contracts with the Doheny COM
panies.
The suit was first tried in the
Federal court at Los Angeles late
in 1924, and on May Is, 1885, Judge
p. J. Mccormick handed down a
decision In which he nullified Do
heny's contracts on the ground that
the Secretary Of the Navy had ex-
ceeded his authority. he also
stated the leases and contracts we're
grounded In fraud. He awarded the
Doheny companies Approximately
$12 100000, however, that had been
expended for storage facilities. ron.
struction, etc.
DOheny Appealed
The Doheny companies then APP
pealed from so much Of the decision
as deprived them of the leases, and
the Government appealed from that
part which gave reparation to
Doheny.
The United States Circuit Court Of
Appeals at San Francisco reviewed
the decision, and on January 4. last
year. handed down a decision which
gave the Government the complete
victory It had appealed for. It con-
firmed Judge McCormick's decision
In os far as the cancellation OF the
leases was concerned, and denied the
right Of the Doheny companies to
the $4,000 900 PREPARATION.
The case then was appealed by
Doheny to the Supreme Court and
the case was argued before the
tribunal in October Of last year.
Dome Victory Seen
The decision was regarded by
many legal experts as foreshadow-
ing eventual victory for the Govern.
ment in the Teapot Dome lease
case. The equity phases Of the two
contracts held by Doheny and Harry
f. Sinclair are approximately the
same. The Teapot case Is now
pending In the court.
The Washington times., 1927-02-28
"Hicks By Xix

The idea used In today's draw.
ing was sent ii By Ruth Goodwin.
Of Wheeler Road, Congress Heights,
and wins the dollar. The Kick
Editor gives "bucl' for every
idea accepted. No drawing Deces.
sary; just think up ; good Hick
Joke and send Il In.
The Washington times., 1927-02-28

the companies under my supervision.
! have to do II to be faithful to my
trust. II ! didn't / wouldn't be
here. ! have that responsibility and
/ must face 1t.
Right to Protection
THE investments which / must
protect have a right to be pro.
tected and they are constantly
threatened by local politics."
This was the reason, insult said,
why he contributed heavily to the
Chicago and Statewide factions in
the last Illinois election.
insult has an engaging personal.
tty. His frank smile reveals q boy.
ishness that not even his years and
The insults have been a proud
family. In Engiand-for he is an
Englishman by birth-the insults
have played part in British poll.
tics for generations.
Some people think / am a very
rich man he said. 81 am not"
Are you a poor naan?" he was
'oh, no." he quickly corrected. 81
am well to do. but I am not fabu.
iously rich.
Interested In Politics
mo man can get fabulously rich
administering public utilities or great
years of success in the business
world canymar. He a sensitive.
The public uproar that followed
his campaign contributions has
wounded his pride. He suffers more
from this adverse publicity than the
average citizen would imagine.
investments for other people il he
Is on the square.
"0f course, I could have gotten
tremendously rich IL / made invest.
ments or played the stock marke.
but was more interested In giving
service to the public with my com.
panies and in protecting the invest.
ments placed under my manage.
ment, than In getting riche And
I've been in love with my work"
Although politics have brought
great worries to the Chicagoan. he
still loves to participate in the
game Of government. On his office
desk are photographs Of the late
Roger Sullivan, one OF Illinois
greatest political leaders, and of
"Tay Pay" O'Connor, the grand old
Nestor Of the British Parliament.
Bans Washington Brand
Whenever I go to London" In.
sun explained. II spend more time
in the House Of Parliament than
anywhere else. love politics. /
mix in 1t all the time ] am abroad. -
I. Why don't you take a greater
interest In politics Ia washington ,"
"What?" insult demanded, lifting
his hands as though a Chicago gun.
man had him covered"
''What?" he repeated, and there
was no smile. "And get into
mess like this again? No sir not
me. I'm finished with this sort OF
politics. y