davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1927-04-11

One theory offered is that the
constitution of the earth's atmos-
phere was formerly such that it
maintained a high temperature all
around the globe, which may have
made It so hot in the tropics that
the polar regions In spite of their
long nights, were the parts of
the earth's surface best suited for
living forms.
A more popular theory assumes
that the inclination of the poles
with respect to the sun has
changed, so that what are now
the arctic and antarctic regions
formerly enjoyed temperate or
tropical exposures. Against this
is the physical law of rotating
bodies, which may be seen in
operation by simply spinning a
top. The top stands up because
it's axis 1.-THE peg) resists any force
tending to tip it over
Nevertheless w. H. Pickering
once maintained that all of the
planets have had their axis tipped
over as result Of tidal friction.
But that could only occur when q
planet was still In a plastic state.
A reader in Chicago nevertheless
argues that the accumulation Of
ice caps may cause slow shift
ing of the earth's axis, resulting
in periodical displacement of the
frozen polar regions.
While the mystery remains. UNI
solved, it may be interesting to
consider what the effect of great
changes in the inclination of the:
earth's axis would be. The picture
shows the earth, first, as it is, and
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
NEGOTIATIONS
OF A WIFE
BY Helen Rowland

Blessed Be the House Husband
MEN are always singing the
1XI praises of the good old.
fashioned housewife" but the
good old-fashioned HOUSE-HUS-
BAND has never received half
the honor and appreciation that
are his due.
His wife never appears to
realize what a prize she has
drawn in the matrimonial lottery,
and his fellows seem to regard
him scornfully as a strike
breaker
When grandfather got up early.
started the fires, chopped the
wood, and brought In the water,
nobody called him a "mollycod-
die" But the modern husband
who tends the furnace, paints
the piazza, and helps with the
dishes on the maids day out,
always feels that he ought to
apologize for it.
Why? The love of home is no
SIN-even in a mani
If it's no longer "unwomanly'
for wife to go out and help
bring home the bacon, it's not
''unmanly" for a husband to help
clear it away, after he has eaten
it.
The man who is too proud to
do ''woman's work should be
too proud to let his wife go
downtown and do a mans work.
But Is Is usually the husband
who grubs hardest all day at the
office who loves to come home
and ''putter around the house."
mend the faucet, put up the
screens, wash the car, and some
times run the vacuum cleaner.
And It's the husband who has
spent three hours dawdling over
lunch who always says, ooh, get
the plumber to do it!'' or 'Call
in the janitori I'm no window.
draper!" And then rushes off to
play golf FOR exercise" or ito
take off weight"
But hanging the portieres and
running the lawnmower are bet
ter for any mans health, his fig
ure, and his soul, than trotting
around a golf-course swearing at
an innocent little white ball.
Standing up for twenty minutes
after dinner to wipe the dishes Is
fine for the waistline; and carry
ing out the rugs and beating them
is simply wonderful for the diges-
ton as well as the biceps.
1t is a Joy to any Tired Bust
ness Woman to be married to
man who can broil steak, make
& good clam chowder. hang q pic
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
BY ELSIE ROBINSON

spaces you might ''sock him in
Z the jaw" But neither argument
. would alter the fact that the
gentleman SPOKE THE TRUTH.
America is the most illiterate
Of all civilized nations.
Six out of every hundred of
our people cannot read or write.
Fifteen million American voters
cannot read the English language.
There are areas in our. country
where the standard of education
is about equal to that Of the
Congo.
Try to realize what this means.
At first glance 1t means that
several millions of citizens are
personally out OF luck. But ac-
tually 1t means much more than
that. It means that the whole
American nation Is out Of luck.
The illiteracy of these people
not only darkens their own lives
but it darkens all of our lives.
Such ignorance is not merely q
matter Of reading and writing.
It goes deeper than that. It
affects thought and action. Badly
educated people do not think
civilized thoughts or do civilized
acts. They think nnuddled
thoughts, suspicious thoughts, in
tolerant thoughts, and they do
unbalanced, dangerous acts.
No country Is safe which ID at
the mercy of an ignorant, I'M
civilized mob. And America is
at the mercy Of such q mob
today.
1lliterate mothers Of foreign
birth are bringing up the future
citizens Of America Our schools
do much for those children but
their characters and ideals are
inevitably shaped in the home,
What sort nt an. idea can ptch
The Washington times., 1927-04-11

) record almost inevitable. Why
inevitable? Because uneducated
men are nothing but brutes--and
far more dangerous. IL you
allow greedy, cruel brutes to
live at large In the midst of
unparalleled freedom and luxury,
they're going to GRAB. And
they don't care how they grab.
Illiterate men are fighting our
battles and representing our
country on foreign shores. L. r.
Alderman, a specialist of the
Bureau Of Education in Washing.
ton, says that during the war
there were in France WHOLE
CAMPS OF AMERICAN SOL
DIERS WHO COULD NOT
READ. 1t is little wonder that
many Europeans think that
America Is a nation Of wealthy
barbarians.
4 And yet, by paradox, we have
the best schools in the world.
But those schools do not exist
In all our States. Education is a,
matter for State, not Federal con-
troll. AS a consequence it's a
badly muddled matter and often
scandalously neglected. The Ma.
tional Education Association
wants to remedy this. It doesn't
want the black spots to con.
tinue on our educational maps,
So 1t has written a bill to pro-
vide for a Federal department Of
education with a secretary in the
Presidents Cabinet. And when
Congress meets next December
that bill will pass or fail.
What stand are YOU going to
take about It?
Are you going to fight for Il
in your own State. or are you
willing to let the world cali us
the most ignorant of civilized
national"
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
By Garrett P. serviss

a radius of 45 degrees; 1. e., the
Arctic Circle would come down to
the latitude OF st. Paul, Mimi, and
of Turin, Italy. And the tropical
circles would move poleward and
blend with the polar circles. The
regions of the long polar nights
and days would expand to the
same extent.
Finally, tip the poles downward
until they lie in the plane of the
ecliptic, as In the lower right-hand
figure. A diameter through the
earth in the plane of the equator
would point nearly toward the
former polar consultations, now
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
POLAR LIFE

then as it would be il its axis
were more and more pressed down
toward the plane of the ecliptic,
like the peg of a falling top.
At present the equator is in
clined 231z degrees to the elliptic.
AT the moment IF the summer sol.
stice there is amending day every
where within the Arctic Circle,
231z degrees from the north pole,
and coincidently amending night
in the Antarctic Circle.
Now, suppose the inclination to
become IS degrees, as shown in
the lower left-hand figure. Then
the polar circles would expand to
The Washington times., 1927-04-11

ture straight and get his own
coffee when necessary.
It takes TWO to make a homei
And there is no. bond to hold q.
man and woman together like a
mutual interest in building and
identifying their love nest.
When two hearts, two heads,
and two pairs Of hands go into
the making and keeping of a
home, it Is far happier home
than the one In which the wife
does the whole job. and the hus.
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
SO Marries 81
You Need Not Laugh

George w Dodge, eightyhree president Of the First
National Bank at Shinglehouse Pa, marres Mrs Jane r.
Swallow aged eightyOne This will young people Of
whom certain percentage will be their way the
divorce courts But at least Mr. Dodge and his wife will STAY
married
Marriage viii be the that it is destined to be when
become educated in the school of matmony and
that marriage is union Of two MINDS not merely of two
bodies and that complete human being and one
Eoman
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
LISTEN, WORLD!

women have Of
our standards?
Illiterate men
are controlling
our indu strial
stu 3 ton and
filling our jails.
In the Ohio
State Peniten.
tiary three out
Of four Of the
Grim inals can
neither read nor
write. Ohio is
no border State
or wild e rness
district. 1t lies
in the heart of
our pop ulated
and supposedly
100 per cent
American terri
tory. And yet
it maintains a
p o ula ito
which m a k e 8
uar0h . oVtNloA
The Washington times., 1927-04-11

band can only sit around aSs
complain Of the way she does it.
Nobody wants to see man ex.
change places with woman. That
would be sad and ludicrous
SPECTACLE. But the sight Of
two young love-birds working to-
gether around their little nest is
a beautiful PICTURE.
No man need blush to admit
that he loves his home. A good
house-husband IL the noblest work
Of Naturel
The Washington times., 1927-04-11

0NE Of the greatest mysteries
~ Of the earth's history Is the
former prevalence Of temperate
and tropical life around the poles
where now everything is buried
thousands Of feet deep beneath
continental expanses of eternal
ice. How could the sunbeams
ever have nourished coal-making
trees in such places? Yet there,
the explorers testify, around both
poles, are found great deposits of
coal and remains of vegetation
which could only have grown in
a genial climate.
The Washington times., 1927-04-11

become equatorial. Polar days and
nights would cover the entire
northern and southern hemis.
pheres alternately.
Evidently the best condition
would be to have the axis perpen.
dicular to the ecliptic, for then
night and day would be equal all
over the earth. from pole to pole,
as happens now only on two days
of the year, the spring and au-
tumn equinoxes. There is some
evidence that the poles of Venus
stand that way.
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
WISE SAYINGS

A ND when he is out Of sight.
"A quickly also he is out Of
mind. Thomas a Kempis.
Where life Is more terrible than
death, it is then the truest valour
to dare live.
Sir Thomas Browne.
Mistake, error, is the discipline
through which we advance.
Claiming.
He who hath most of heart
knows most Of sorrow. -vRailsys
The Washington times., 1927-04-11
GU POSE a
. supercilious

GU PPO 5 b g
~ supercilious
foreigner should
tell you that
A m Q r leans on
tho whole are a
grossly unedu-
Gated people and
that, despite our
w ealt h a n d
power, we are a
blot on civiliza.
ton.
w ha t would
you say?
7 h at would
depend on your
fayorite mode Of
repartee. If you
were Of the elite
you would prob
ably smile con-
teInptuous1y and
pass him by. Or
If you were a
breezy resident
of the wide open
New Britain herald., 1927-09-30
25 Bedroom Suites
22Dini1g Room Suites

imagine pelns able to price FINE PERIOD SJITES-S. lOPIECE SUITES SUITES IN WALNUT VLNEERS and other woods Rep.rd less o which suite select all
 These Suites Display Tonight
 from 6 to o'clock
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
TRACTION WORKER
MASSES GATHER
THO BURNS SPIES
Detective Hit in Teapot
Case Persecutes Labor

Weekend developments in the
struggle of the traction workers for
organization and the attempt of the
traction barons to prevent it by an
injunction outlawing the entire Amer
lean Federation of Labor were:
(D Announcement by President
Mahon of the Amalgamated Associa-
ton of instructions issued to try to
br+ng every traction worker in New
York City into the union.
(2) Pledges of full assistance to
the Amalgamated by the Typographi
cal Union-"Big Six," the largest To-
cal union of printers in the United
States-the Actors Equity Associa-
ton and the Jewelry Workers Union.
go A further statement by Presi-
dent Mahon to the effect that injunc-
tions are based not on law but upon
judicial precedent" If this were a
matter of law we would know where
we stand. said the head of the Anal
gamated, "but it isn't. We cannot
stand for judge-made law"
"a An intimation by union Off
cials that the discharge of traction
workers for joining or sympathizing
with the Amalgamated would be in
terpreted as "an overt act" justifying
strike action. Discharge of men for
joining the. Amalgamated certainly will
constitute an overt act by the transit
officials" said James H. Coleman,
general organizer of the Amalga-
mated.
(5) Departure of prominent union
officials, including President Green
of the A. F. of L. and Mahon for
Pittsburgh to attend the enlarged
conference of the executive council
which opens its sessions today.
CO. Statement by I. R. T. officials
that 'loyal" employees are being
trained to serve as motormen and
switchmen in the event of a strike fol-
lowing the injunction hearing on
Nov. 30.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
Especial Gable to THE DAILY
WORKER.

MOSCOW, U. S. S. r., Nov. 13.-
The Congress of the Friends of the
Soviet Union concluded it's sessions
last night amid scenes of tremendous
enthusiasm and prolonged cheering.
Prior to it's closing it passed unani-
mously the following manifesto:
Against imperialist wars, for the
Union of Socialist Republics, for rev.
olutionary China"
"We, the representatives Of the
workers, peasants, co-operators, op-
pressed peoples, and individuals en-
gagged in art, science, education and
literature, members of socialist and
other working class political parties,
Communists and members of the ma
tional revolutionary parties,-all who
met at the Congress during the glori-
Gus days of the Tenth Anniversary of
the November Revolution, consider it
our duty to inform the world that
we consider a war on the U. S. S. R..
a shameful nter-revolutionary act
and the greatest crime against world
labor.
"a war against the Soviet Union
would be a war against the working
class and peasantry in the interests
of the landlords and the capitalists
A war against the Soviet Union is to
declare a crusade against socialism
and in support of capitalism.
"We call upon all honest citizens in
all countries; all brain workers to
fight relentlessly against war prepa-
rations against the Union of Soviet
Continued on Pare Threel
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14

MOSCOW, Nov. 13.-The appear
ance Of Bukharin at yesterdays ses-
sion of the. Congress of the Friends
of the Soviet Union was greeted with
tumultuous applause.
Bukharin, leader of the Communist
international, in his speech dealt
mainly with Communist tactics as
compared with the tactics of the So
cial-democrats, and particularly in
view of the recent speech of Loeder
in the German Reichstag; the letters
of Maxton Brockway, and the speech
es of the Austrian social-democrat
Bauer and others during the celebra-
ton of the tenth anniversary of the
Russian Revolution in Vienna.
Bukharin Analyses.
Bauer on that occasion declared
that the greatest error is to attempt
to transfer Russian methods to other
countries, and the further error is
applying terrorist methods against
social-democracy are the only possi-
BILE consolidation and characterization
of the country, and the other the
abstention of Communist maneuvre
tactics in western Europe.
The political content of these con-
ditions, declared Bukharin, means the
substitution of democracy" as it is
practiced, for example, by Germany,
England, America, and Austria for the
dictatorship of the proletariat.
The second condition, he continued,
means the demand for the liquidation
of the Communist Party. This, he
said, is nothing less than the demands
made by the capitalists, except that
the latter are more modest than Bauer.
What is the result of social-dem-
ocracy?" declared Bukharin "They
have had ministers and premiers in
many countries, but where are they
today? But the Soviet Union exists
today"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
Chief Spyof NewYo York Traction
Barons Caughtby sStory
Jury Fixing By Burns
One More Incident In
Long Anti-Labor Career

The downfall of William j.
Burns via the federal jury-fixing
route, comes toward the end of
long career of spying, informing,
strikebreaking and framing"
Burns, and his organization of de-
tectives, has specialized in labor
cases."
His agents bounded the Nc
Namara brothers, members Of the
Structural Iron Workers Union, one
now released after IA years, the
other in prison for life. In
Vulnerable unions have been dis
rupted by his spies and dozens of
organization campaigns exposed to
the corporation by his agents.
Burns capitalized the Wall Street
explosion in 1921 and indirectly at
least was responsible for the death
of Salsedo. Burns detectives
staged the Bridgeman raid on the
Communists in 1922.
His latest anti-labor activity is
the organization of spies and thugs
for the Interborough Rapid Tran
sit Company.
Once before he was accused of
jury fixing, in the Oregon land
frauds Ease.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
Police ARREST
c speakers At
newark RALLY
10th Anniversary Crowd
Locked Out of Hall

NEWARK, Nov. 13.-Six Speak
ers were arrested at celebration of
the tenth anniversary Of the Russian
Revolution here today, including Pat
rick Toohey, militant anthrocite min
er, and E. Gardos, sub-district organ
izer of the Workers (Communist)
Party.
A crowd of about 300 men and
women watched the police hurry the
speakers away one by one to the
fourth precinct police station.
Police at Door.
Police Chief McCrell first revoked
a permit to the Workers Party to
hold the celebration in the Ukrainian
Hall, "a Beacon street. When the
crowd and the speakers arrived about
3 P. M. they found themselves locked
out and a squad of police posted at
the door.
The other four arrested were Fox,
Matlin. Lederman and Cafe.
A decision to hold the meeting in
the street in front of the Hall was
made hastily.
Forbid Meeting.
A spokesman for the police squad
announced that the meeting was for
hidden. But to protest against the
suppression of the meeting and to tell
the assembled workers of the progress
of the Soviet Union mounted the front
Continued on Page Five)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
HARMARvILLE, Pa
LABOR PARTY HAS
HARD STRUGGLE.
By A. S.

HARMARVILLE, Pa, Nov. 13. -
A miner and miners daughter have
been elected to office here on the La
Dor Party ticket. Polly Yates, elected
as town auditor is president of the
women's auxiliary of the local union,
and vice-president of the sub-district
womans organization. John Midelle-
mas, elected constable in the place
of j. H. Burns, 100 per cent COM
pany man, was machine boss at the
mine and came out with the men and
stuck. The two labor candidates for
justices of the peace lost by only
about eight votes.
All Election Day till the polls closed
the company had scabs driving ma
chimes around bringing in people to
the polls. The farmers in this dis
trict are solid with the coal compan-
les.
Elccted-Fired.
The day after Election Day, Midel-
lemas, constable-elect, came to the
Dusquesne Light and Power plant
where he recently landed a machin-
lists job. "Are you the Midellemas
elected on the Labor Ticket?" they
asked him, He said he was, and they
fired him.
Every Weapon to Beat Miners.
In Harmarville the logic of a La
Dor Party ticket is particularly clear.
The operators use every available
weapon against the miners, from coal
and iron violence to eviction, and the
men, through all the seven months of
the lockout have carried on the strug-
gle with unwavering vigor and de-
termination. Still today, when the
long strain of the lockout is making
itself felt, and want of food and
clothing is beginning to weigh heav-
Continued on Page TaOo)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
Alleged Stolen Papers
Basis Of Hearst Drive
for Latin-American War

In copyrighted story published
in the Hearst newspapers today,
certain documents which the
Hearst papers say were taken
from the secret archives of the
Mexican government are published
with the intent to show that the
Mexican government helped finan-
cially and otherwise the Nicaragu-
an movement in resistance to the
aggression of the United States in
that country.
The effort of the Hearst papers
is evidently toward promoting a
war of the United States against,
Mexico.
The statement is made in the
same copyrighted story that the
Hearst publications will in the
course of subsequent articles i'm
plicate the government Of the
Union of Socialist Soviet Repub-
lies in what it characterizes as an
effort to establish a Bolshevistic
government in Nicaragua in op-
position to the United States.
The DAILY WORKER will it.
self undertake to expose the
criminal activities of imperialists
of Wall Street who are trying to
lay the basis for new imperial
ist war against Latin America.
Watch for subsequent issues of
The DAILY WORKER.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
WORKERS GATHER
TO AID VICTIMS
OF MUSS0L-I I'M

Several hundred workers gathered
at the Irving Plaza, 18th street and
Irving Place, yesterday, to protest
against the frame-up of Galogero
Greco and Donate Carrillo, anti-fascist
workers, at present in the Bronx
County Jail under false charges of
murder, preferred at the instigation
of Mussolini's agents in the United
States. The meeting was held under
the auspices of the Greco-Carrillo
Defense League. Among the speak
ers were Robert Dunn Of the Inter
national Labor Defense, Arturo Clio
vannitti, poet; William Manning of
the I. w, w. and others. George
Procopo, of the Amalgamated Cloth
ing Workers Of America presided.
Dunn Traces History.
Robert Dunn traced the history of
the case to date and pointed out that
the Fascist League of North Amer
lea forced its members to perjure
themselves in identifying" Greco
and pointed out that if the fascists
in Italy commit murder to attain
t heir ends the fasci ts in
America would perjury themselves to
Continued on Page T1col
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
Threatening Letter From the Interborough

To All Members Of The .
lnterborough RAPID Comt4n> Employees
informed that the
Employees called b,
invitations this
therefore dntf TO
alton Of
the
oeen rafed individually
borough brotherhood
une management without interference ofown labor
On October 18TH TO
brotherhood
dismissal from the Brotherhood and
Company to live intended permit
ey do they will be proceeded upon M
dence showing the facts"
IT knowledge that the
and ntme the
has started such
to the end with fully the
ployee and the rights Of the Company
Several held IN
lntboough employees have attended Some
ADVISE YOU INTERESTS AND MOI At
TEND ANY MEETING THAT MAY CALLED
0bza~~2cA7ez
#sn General M.ns~. II
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-14
Thirteen Children Of Passaic Strike Prisoners
Are Honor Guests at l. L. D. Conference Here

Thirteen children Of six Passaic
textile strike prisoners were among
the guests of honor at the third
annual conference of the Inter
national Labor Defense at Irving
Plaza, Irving Place and 18th St,
yesterday and Saturday.
Applause by hundreds Of dele
gates and visitors greeted their en-
trance and their introduction by
James P. Cannon, executive secre-
tary of the I. l.. D. Sharing in the
applause were the mothers of the
children, all of whom also were
strikers in the textile strike of
1926, which aroused the labor