davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

strands of the warps, using ball of
yarn of each color required. The
yarn is passed in and out around
each warp and pounded down tightly
with a battened stick. The yarn is
not passed from selvage to selvage
but only so far across the warp-shed
as the particular color requires where
it is turned back in the warp-shed in
accordance with the requirements. of
the design Thence the next color is
inserted, and so on The yarn is
passed over and under each warp
completely wovering it on both sides.
This method of construction doubles
the wearing surface and life of the
rug and protects the fabric so that
the warp will hold the fabric together
until worn completely through. The
finished rug is of enormous strength
and antique specimens show their re-
markable wearing qualities.
The designs in endless variety of
pleasing geometrical figures have
been the subject of much study and
discussion That these forms are of
hieroglyphic nature cannot be SUBJ
stantiated by any reliable evidence.
Many of them are symbolic of natural
phenomena, fire, lightning, clouds,
the horizon, and the stars are objects
of much interest among the nature
loving Indians and the designs with
these familiar forms are easily re-
cognized. The only type of design
that tells a story are the tapestries
that picture Navajo dieties and their
ceremonial sand paintings. No de-
sign is ever duplicated by the weaver
who originates it. A good weaver
after spending months in the making
of rug of which she is justly proud,
will no more set in to make another
just like it than would painter or
a sculptor make a duplicate of q
picture or statue of his creation.
Each design is a new creative effort.
The Navajo is master in the
science of dyeing yarn. Whether she
uses native substances or the common
package dye of the white man she
will stay at her task until she has
set that color into the wool in way
that will not only make it fast but
| will give it that rare quality that
makes it grow more beautiful with
age. In addition her colors do not
become dingy on the surface, and
there is a warmth and glow about
them that proclaims them the work
of a master.
White, black, grey, or brown, one
or more of which colors form large
i part Of nearly every Navajo rug, are
/ not dyed at all but are the natura
colors of the wool as it is taken
from the sleeps back Black is
often deepened in tone with dye but
the basis is black wool In many
cases black is used in its natura
state and when so used it has Z
brownish tinge here and there, q
form of shading greatly admired
The greys are made by mixing black
| and white woods in proportion tc
suit the weaver's plan. Brown i:
also used unmixed and is sometimes
darkencd with black or lightened with
white. In this way many varied anc
beautiful effects are created. A grea
many of the finest rugs employ thes,
natural colors without red or an,
other dyed shade. A rug Of thil
type is fadeless under any condition
short of destruction.
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

The decorators attention has re-
Gently been called to the reversible
handmade carpets woven by the In
dians of the Navajo reservation IN
Arizona and New Mexico. With the
present trend toward full color and
simplicity in decoration, the strong
and true colors employed by the Ma
vajos and their native and spontan-
eous design motives give these native
American textile products of the prl-
mitive loom a new lease of life and a
broad usefulness they have not pre-
viously enjoyed Especially do Ma
vajo rugs recommend themselves in
those homes of today which borrow
their inspiration from the traditions
of the Spanish countries. In the
simpler type of our own early Amer
lean architecture they are also per-
fectly in place and would doubtless
have been employed by our Colonial
forefathers had these rugs existed in
the seventeenth and eighteenth CEN
turies.
The Navajos haves been weavers
from time immemorial. Long before
the coming of the Spaniards in 154O,
they as we'll as the many other peo-
Piles who have lived in the southwest
for an unknown length of time, made
ropes and other fabrics from the fibre
of the yucca plant, and from other
native plants; and blankets from the
skins of rabbits cut into strips and
cut into yarn-like lengths. The Span
iards brought with them sheep and
the Navajos were quick to utilize the
new found material, wool. Whether
they learned the art of weaving from
their neighbors, the Pueblo tribes, or
whether they developed it themselves,
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
Odd Marriage Customs
OF NaU0jOs and HOpis

(Coconino Sun Of July "a, 19O8)
Marriage among the Hopi, tribe
of Pueblo Indians, is an institution
regarding which those most concerned
have least to say. When the parents
of the girl find it expedient for her
to get married, they look up an avail
able man and negotiate with his par
ents. After the matter has been ar
ranged, the principals are notified,
the girl goes to the home of the
groom's parents and grinds corn for
them for three weeks, while the groom
Then one morning at sunrise they
both battle their heads in cold water,
which completes the ceremony. There
have been instances of the groom's
refusing to go through the perform
ance, which has been proceeded with
out him and been accounted valid. and
several weeks later he has yielded and
had his head bathed.
The Navajo ceremony is much more
elaborate and impressive, but then the
Navajo girls are much nicer. The
regular tariff on a Navajo girl, enter
ing the port Of matrimony for the
first time, is twelve horses. On the
second time the tax IS nine horses,
while the subsequent entries are free.
This is not purchase money, but is
merely a tribute of respect to a
mother-in-law and token Of appre-
citation Of the care and expense in
volved in bearing and rearing the
lady, recognition not unworthy Of
consideration by civilized grooms. On
the other hand, deserving of great
condemnation, is that law Of many
tribes, unwritten. but Of much sane
tity, that a man and his mother-in-
law shall never meet after the cere-
mony.
After marriage among the Navajos,
the mother-in-law must never look
upon the face Of her son-in-law but
by custom is expected to turn her
back or cover her face if meeting
cannot be avoided. The time honored
joke about the mother-in-law should
follow this, but in this case the old
squaw has our sympathy.
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

Decision to make surveys and ex-
'plorations to find a practicable route
from the Mississippi river to the Pa
cific ocean was made by congress in
March, 1853, $150,000 being appropri-
ated for that purpose by. the secretary
of war, jefferson Davis. Davis Sc
lected Lieut.. A. w. Whipple to lead
the party to find a route along ap-
proximately the 35th parallel.
In 1853 the expedition started from
Ft. Smith, Ark.
The party included Lieut.. j. c..
Ives, Typographical engineer, and
Jules Marcou, geologist.
The party reached San Francisco
Springs, Flagstaff, December 27, 1853,
after fatiguing travel through deep
snow.
They had had little difficulty, how
ever, finding the Zuni Indians help
full, though some Of the party caught
smallpox from the Zunis, suffering,
however, only slightly.
Smallpox was raging terribly in the
Hopi villages, they learned through
1t had swept off nearly every male
inhabitant of three villages. In one
remained only two Of a hundred
grown men. They were dying so a
day and, unable to bury them, they
were being thrown down the steep
sides of the mesas on which the
pueblos were built. The younger
members of the tribe were affected
less.
From Christmas to New Years the
expedition camped at Leroux Springs,
10 miles north of Flagstaff.
1t first adopted a route beyond
Williams farther south than the one
the railroad was built along.
A survey had been made in 1851,
though not for railroad purposes, by
Captain Sitgreaves and Brevet Major
Kendrick.
In 1857 Naval Lieutenant Edward
F. Beale, commissioned by California
as general" made the next survey,
this time for wagon road.
A notable feature of this expedi-
ton was that Beale used several
camels as pack animals.
Beale's party started from Texas.
At Albuquerque he hired a guide, of
whom he wrote
WE, QHlOi tuIioIS ISlyt idNS Nv ShloSi
the wretch employed at the urgent
request and advice of everyone in Al
buquerque and at enormous wages
being the most ignorant and irresolute
old ass extant."
The camels proved satisfactory
their feet withstanding the rock and
lava in fine shape, though it was
found necessary to frequently re-shoe
the horses and mules.
Beale picked out route closer tc
the foot of the mountains than the
present Old Trails highway and took
it from here west between Sitgreaves
and Kendrick mountains.
Beale spent a while recuperatine
in California, then returned with his
camels to test out his route in winter
He found the Indians had begun tx
follow the trail he had made. Ht
changed the route at Sitgfeaves
mountain to pass south Of it insteaC
of north. He found very little snow
and wrote: A year in the wilder
ness ended! During this time | have
conducted my party from the shores
of the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific
ocean and back again to the eastern
terminus Of the road, through a coun
try for the great part entirely un
known and inhabited with hostile In
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

OPENS LOLOMAI
(Coconino Sun of April 2, 1909

(Coconino Sun of April 2, 19O9)
Mrs. F. w. Sisson has concluded to
open a summer resort hotel on Oak
Greek and will utilize her new bum
galow originally built for her private
use for that purpose. The "Lolomai
Lodge" will be rpened for guests
during the months of June, July and
August. "Lolomai' is Navajo for
beautiful, and there is no question
of Lolomai lodge being located in one
of the most beautiful spots in Ari-
zona on the banks Of the famous trout
stream, Oak Greek.
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
Prognosticates Lots
Of improvements

(Coconino Sun of June 19, 190s)
In a few years from date the Flag
staff citizens will point with pride
to good, wide, substantial cement
walks reaching out in every direction
on streets brought up to grade, all
leveled off and smooth as glass; on
each side of the street will be shade
trees to rustic their leaves in the
cool summer breeze. On the business
streets cement cutters and curb will
add to the appearance of the big SUBJ
stantial buildings, also permit of a
proper drainage of the streets with
out washing them away.
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25
New P. @. Building

(Coconino Sun of February 21. 1907
The site for new postoffice in
Flagstaff has been definitely settled
by the acceptance by the postofficc
department of the proposal Of David
Babbitt.
The new location will be the south
western corner of Aspen avenue and
San Francisco street, or where the
Grand Canyon hotel formerly stood.
The lease is for term of ten years
and includes complete equipment,
heat, light, water, safe, etc.
The Coconino sun., 1927-11-25

The odd and even system Of walk
will gradually give way to a per-
manent symmetrical system that so
much enhances the value Of property
and is so pleasing to the eye.
In few years the festive tin can
and the bailing wire, the rockies and
debris will be seen in the city no more,
and the lawns will be green, and upon
the houses clean new paint will glisten
in the sun light and reflect the beauty
of the azure sea of heaven. No more
will covey of dilapidated sheds mar
the scene and the fence that used TO
casually push you off the walk in one
place and yawn at you in another,
will be gone but not missed.
And in few years it might be
worth while to read this again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-04

SUICIDES, warm mixtures, with and with
out fur collars. Leopard cloth trimmed
collars and cuff bands. Fancy stitchings.
Sizes for Misses and Women 10 to A.
Palais Royal-Bargain Basement
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-04

Heavy hannelette in neat IN
stripes. Full cut with neat n
ruff1e. All colors. Regular ,
and extra sizes.-Bargain
Basement.
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10
BY Pauline Suing Bloom

Spokane who girl is having an envable win
ter is Miss Jane Rose daughter of Dr. Frances
Rose, who is spending the winter at Ancon in the
Canal Zone with Judge and Mrs Guy ii. Martin
formerly at Standpoint, Idaho, and lifelong friends
Of her parents.
If Miss Rose keeps up her record she will have
become world traveller before she is old enough
TO vote. She has made two trips through the Pana-
ma Canal, has been through Mexico; three times
New York, TO Havana, Cuba and Honolulu. The
trip through Mexico made two years ago when.
following her mothers installation as president of
the National Medical Women's Association at Dal-
las. Texas, delegates from the American Medica!
Association toured Mexico As the daughter of the
president Of the National Medical Women's Asso-
citation Miss Rose was the recipient of great deal
of attention. Because she reads history and travel
so avidly she gained great deal more from her
travels too than the average traveller
As Sub-deb Miss Rose escapes the rigorous
routine life of the debuante and will have the
best time in the world with Judge and Mrs Mar
tin. whose home is the center of great deal of
entertaining of the Americans who live in the Canal
Zone Mrs. Martin has won the reputation not
only as charming hostess, but patron of the
arts as well. Much of her time, too is spent i'm
social service work.
Mrs Kenneth Newlands, the only daughter of
Judge and Mrs Martin married two years ago
and lives IN St. Paul. Just few months age
she gave the Martins the distinction of becomming
grandparents.
Miss Rose plays golf with Judge Martin and
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10
Progress Looms Large
for Education Group
Under New Leader

When rural school teacher rises to n place of
definite professional leadership it is usually through
exceptional gifts of personality When in annual
convention on October 10Th last at Longyiew the
Washington Education Association unanimously
chose Miss Mae Mark of Yakima its president
for the ensuing year. the career of Washington
teacher was brought To II elimination in leadership.
Ii is mark of distinction to be chosen To head
the Washington Education Association, with its
membership of over 1000 of the intelligent men
and women who make education the vital force
that 1t Is In our commonwealth today.
Miss Marks training and experience especially
lit her for the honor that has thus come to her. A
native of Michigan, she came west with her parents
TO Yakima some years ago, and soon began her
career as Washington teacher. After serving
principal of the Fruitvale school, in 1920 she be-
came candidate for the County Superintendent of
Schools AT that time her acquaintance IN Yakima
County limited by sheer energy, force of char
acter, pluck and good craftsmanship, she Il
majority of the votes cast in the primary and final
elections.
Once elected, she devoted her vgor and sound
judgment to making her important Office function
in the best possible way So well did she succeed
that at the end of her first term all the progressive
forces of the county united in support of her reeec
tion. When under the constitutional limitation she
retired from Office last September, il with the
wel-earned reputation Of being Of the most
efficient county superintendent in Washington.
Especially has she mastered the problems of the
rural school, She is this year acting an assistant
in the School of Education Of the State College
Washington mt Pullman, and at the same time pur-
suing special studies toward II degree
Miss Mark has for three twoyear terms repre-
scented the county school superintendency on the
board of eight directors who constitute the
tive council of the Washington Education Associa-
tion. In that capacity she has given much valuable
service to the organization. The organized teachers
of the state know her work and worth. Her I'M
failing and gracious courtesy TO all, her firm stand
positions In which she has convictions, her kind
ness whenever the feelings of others involved
and her progressive spirit all made her unanimous
election inevitable Under her leadership the many
members Of the w. T.. A. may look forward to
another year of true progress.
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10
Our Thoughts Haze Pouer to Create
An Entire New WorId Is Belief

Under the magic spell of the oratory of Miss
Nellie Cecil the timid may go out and literally
move mountains. She heads the Metaphysical Cen
ter in the Eilers building and teaches that we
may make this world just what want it to be
for us if we will but realize what power we have
with the world of thought
Miss Cecil believes that may do anything
we wish to do-become anything we wish to be-
come-if properly contact the world of cnusa-
ton. The world we live in with all of its sorrow
and misery and sickness is the world of effect.
We can overcome all of these things If we make
the proper contacts with the sprit-the world of
thought. The word is the thought expressed and
we control our lives by our thinking and. in fact.
may change the entire world by beginning with the
cause rather than accepting the effect
Miss Cecil illustrates her idea with electricity.
1t was always here, but did not have the use
of it because we did not understand the proper
tact Today We may turn the switch and get
light. hut, if we make an improper contact and
get hold of live wire, it may kill us.
Anyone can be healer who can think the
perfect thought Miss Cecil said. 1t is not just
for the few. If we ask and find that our prayers
are not granted the fault is in our contact. We
must go back our course and get n perfect
contact for perfect healing and that is entirely
up To individuals Spirit contacts spirit
and it is the only real force in the world THE
divine spirit, which Is causation" she says us
everywhere present and failure, il we have
known failure, is entirely in our own minds and
our lack of success in any undertaking Is due
TO the lack of correct contact with the world of
causation."
1--WE cannot get into the world of causation
physically Our world is the world of manfes-
tation the world of effect. Every thought we
think is manifested and all the evil we know is
the result of our own improper building In the
spirit world"
Miss Cecil this week is celebrating the ami
versary of the opening of her center here. II
has been built up entirely with free will offerings
and she has large number of devoted followers.
She began the study of Truth" five years ago.
when following years of work as buyer for a large
San Francisco department store, for which she
made three trips to New York yearly, she went to
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10
Ladies Aid to Hold Bazaar

Kings Guild and the Ladies' Aid Society of
Westminster Congregational Church will hold their
annual bazaar next Thursday and Friday, November
IL and Is, at 50 Post Street the building next to
the Frigdaire Company feature will be the
business mems cafeteria lunch served at both
days. Orange and black decorations will lend
festive air to the booths. which will include fancy
work. braided rugs, aprons and novelties
At the Thursday afternoon program Mrs. Harry
Davenport will review Warwick Deepng's recent
book, "Sorrell 4 Sony Mrs. Irving Davis will
view "The Perennial Bachelor" by Anne Parish
Friday afternoon.
Proceeds will be used for the new church, Kings
Guild using its share to buy Sunday School equip
ment, and the Ladies' Aid to furnish the church
parlors.
The general committee headed by Mrs W. T.
Goodspeed, chairman is follows: Mrs. Frank
Peterson, Mrs. II. w. Bailey, Mrs. II. A. Seeds.
Mrs. +. L. DeVoe, Mrs. w. W. Ewald. Mrs Jesse
Buchhoz, Mrs. Frank Kendall and Mrs. j. III. Holder.
Mrs. William Sears is president of Kings Guild.
Mrs. Daniel Morgan, president of the Ladies' Aid
Society.
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10
State Regent Guest Here

Miss Margaret Sweeney of Aberdeen Washing
ton, state regent of The Catholic Daughters of
America, will be the guest of the Catholic Women's
Study Club at tea and reception in her honor
tomorrow afternoon from to o'clock, following
the regular meeting which will be postponed till
o'clock on account of the ArmiStice day parade.
Two papers will he read "AIass During the First
Seven Centuries" by Miss Pauline OBrien and
"The Plain Chant: Technique and Construction"
by Mrs. f. w Freed. The book review will be
postponed the meeting will adjourn early
account of the reception Mrs. James Emmett
Royce, president, will introduce Miss Sweeney
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10
Thanksgiving Program
For Book Club

A Thanksgiving day program will be the fea-
ture of the meeting of the Woman's Book Club
next Wednesday at the home of Mrs c. G. Greg
Dry. The meeting is called for o'clock and lun-
cheon will be served. Roll call Will De answered
by Thanksgiving poems Three papers vii be given.
'"The First Thanksgiving" by Mrs. :. -. Many
'What America has to be thankful for compared
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10

Southern California For year she resi-
dent teacher of Il Truth center at Pasadena and
then took northern trip visiting and ecturing
ut Tacoma, Seattle, Victoria, Vancouver, and Bel
lingham where she has established centers. She
lives at the Rdpath Hotel in Spokane and has
with her, her mother, who is 81 years young"
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10

he compliments her game highly She is good
tennis player and rides well.
She is Lewis and Clark girl and studies music
with Augusta Gentsch when in Spokane, and is
also member of All Saints Cathedral parish, the
Y. w. G. A. and the Camp Fire Girls.
The Spokane woman. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1921-1935, 1927-11-10
House Guest for Winter of Judge and Mrs.
One of SpOkanes Youngest World Travellers

with other nations'' by Mrs t. L. Anders. and n
selected magazine article by Mrs W. II. Weldon.
Mrs j. A. Blair, president, will preside
Evening star., 1927-11-15
CALLS PREFERRED.

NEW YORK, November Is @.-
American Encaustic Thing Co. has
called for redemption on December 81
one-half of it's outstanding $500 shares
Of preferred stock
Evening star., 1927-11-15
VALUATION RULING
ON ROADS IS SOUGHT
Kansas City Southern Asks Su'
preme Court to Interpret Act.
Argument Next Week.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The Kansas City Southern Railway
asked in a. brief filed in the Supreme
Court yesterday for an early inter-
pretation of the railroad valuation act
in a case appealed by the Govern
ment. The case will be argued next
week.
The Interstate Commerce Commits
sion was restrained by the tederai
District Court for western MISSOURI
from using the valuation 1t placed
1pon the Kansas City Southern ana
affiliated lines for rate making pur-
poses.
Alleging "the supreme Importance
TO the commercial, industrial and
transportation interests of the coun.
try" of such a decision, the railroad
urged the court to give "a final inter
pretation of the lawfulness or unlaw-
fulness of the construction now peing
placed upon it by the commission IN
it's manifold administrative work
Pointing out that the commission
had been restrained from using a s4?''
900 900 valuation placed upon us prop
ertv instead of the $S0.000.000 which
the railway asked for a sweeping de-
cision which would for all time decide
what the commission could do in the
way of placing values upon railroads.
The railroad also asked what the COM
mission must include in such Valua-
tions.
The brief asserted that the Govern.
ment in II years work of valuing the
railroads had spent more than $780,
100000 and the carriers more than
sos 900, 900 and that at the end OF 1926
only 6ls per cent Of the work had
been completed.
The Kansas City Southern's brief
challenged the Governmsnt's conten-
ton that the issue presented had
been decided by the Supreme Court
in the Los Angeles case, when it re-
fused to set aside the commissions $
valuation.