davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

Office Department. individuals are
buying planes as they buy motors, not
in large numbers, but sufficiently to
demonstrate that personal flying is
about to be developed.
Outside of the Army and Navy needs
this country can absorb very large
number of airplanes. Flying is no
longer regarded as an extra hazardous
course. But accidents are occurring
with motor cars, and yet the motor in
dustry is on the greatest boom it has
ever known.
Individual flying may not for some
years to come develop on the scale of
motor car use. The time is not yet
at hand when, as some prophets have
declared, the sky will be constantly
dotted with planes. in flight to objec-
tive points, on scheduled transit and
for pleasuring. But that America,
the birthplace of the plane, has at last
awakened to the possibilities of air
transit is indicated by the constant
accessions to the number Of production
plants and the steadiness with which
they are increasing in their activity.
Prediction is dangerous, but it may
be suggested that a decade hence the
industry will be one Of the
most important in America, and that
a very large part of the transporta-
ton, of people and Of goods, Will be
by this means rather than by
the slower surface facilities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

shadows of the events to follow were
cast by the British admiralty in hint
that what it hoped to accomplish al
Geneva was a limit in the size OF
cruisers, on the grounds of economy.
Limiting size of cruisers beyond the
specifications of the Washington
treaty was considered by American
naval men, at that time, as bad bust
ness. This unofficial controversy was
a forecast Of what actually followed
at Geneva.
sulting among themselves at that time.
something more tangible than hope
might have been salvaged from the
wreck at Geneva. America startled the
world with the suddenness and the
dramatic generosity of it's scrapping
offer at Washington. True, there had
been little diplomatic preparation
here. But the psychology of the thing
was different. The moment was propi
tious. A public sentiment existed
which applauded the principle under.
lying the conference and which de.
results. These elements were
to a great extent lacking at Geneva.
It might have been better to find def
nitely in advance whether there was
possibility of failure. If there was. it
Is easy now, in the post-mortem dis.
in which all delight, to be-
ieve the conference were better never
held.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07
Where Charts Would Help.

A French critic Of the Geneva pro-
'ceedings points to the lack Of diplo-
matte preparations for an event which
found the conferees disagreeing at the
outset. His view is that diplomats,
through customary procedure. should
have made soundings to determine the
extent of shoals which must have been
known to exist. Channels should have
been marked preparatory to the actual
voyage at Geneva. II the channel
seemed unsafe, the voyage could have
been postponed until the necessary
dredging was directed over the cables
which connect the State Department
with Downing Street. This might have
avoided the wreck which followed and
precluded the necessity Of floating the
, wreck, a task which Secretary OF
State Kellogg has intimated now will
be pushed "by consultation between
p. the governments"
-. One answer to this criticism, of
course. lies In the American invita-
ton to the powers last February. in
which the President recalled that the
purpose Of the conference was to ex.
!. tend the provisions Of the Washington
eaty. But II was not long after this
%itatton had been accepted that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07
Aircraft Production.

A dispatch from Chicago, printed
in Saturdays Star, states that, accord.
ing to the Assistant Secretary Of Com.
merce, there are in this country to-
day more commercial aircraft plants
than automobile factories. Over fifty
such establishments are in operation,
turning out aircraft of all kinds,
though none has yet reached the point
Of quantity production. 1t is only a
question of comparatively few
months before they will be equipped
to meet orders as readily as are the
factories that are making land motors.
It is all a question of demand. II
aircraft are In demand they will be
produced. The Patent ONCE has a
great many files of inventions relating
to aviation. New applications for i'm.
provements and devices and for major
constructions are being made daily.
The inventive genius Of America Is at
work. The production genius is also
at work turning out finished product.
Where is the market for it?
Commercial air lines are being or.
ganized. Air mail contracts have
been let to n bate companies. in
transfer Of the a2rvice from the Post
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07
GOOD HEALTH is GOOD BUSINESS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

taking to dig the Atlantic Pacific
waterway the sick rate among the
men employed on the job was SO per
1000. If a similar constant sick rate
had obtained during the 10 years of
construction under American direction
we would have had $4,000 out of an
| average force Of $4,000 on the sick
roll all the time.
Instead our sick rate was only %
per 1000, or a total Of 900 sick every
day.
Thus about 1900 fewer men were
| disabled every day from illness than
would have been the case if the
French rate had continued. The cost
or caring for sick man in the Canal
Zone was about 81 a day, SO it is
computed that the United States saved
more than S40,000,0 900 in this item
alone. In all, the Gorgas sanitary
program is said to have prevented
the deaths of 1870 men and to have
saved the Government in all more
than $S0,000.000. This is in itself al.
most a third of the cost of the canal:
aside from that portion of the cost
that Is charged to military defense
purposes.
And that immense sum was saved
by sanitary department that had
q pay roll that averaged less than
S1,000,000 year
Moreover. the construction Of the
canal would have been immeasurably
more difficult and far more costly had
1t not been for the Gorgas sanitary
work. The morale of the working
force and its efficiency would have
been far less and it would have been
almost impossible to have kept an
adequate working force on the lob.
Indeed, our canal project might have
failed, as did that Of the French
company.
1t is also to be remembered that
the demonstration of tropical disease
prevention set free vast commercial
possibilities. with promise of increased
prosperity to mankind as long as such
disease control is maintained.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07
EVERYDAY RELIGION
A CONTINUING WITNESS.
BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN. d. d. ILL., d.

Acts. xiv.16, Il: who in times past
suffered all nations TO walk in their
own ways. Nevertheless He left not
Himself without Witness
History is the long record of the
checkered careers of nations and peo-
pies. Few writer's have the genius to
write impartially and without bias
even concerning events that transpire
in their own day and generation Fewer
still have the genius to indicate how,
in the changing circumstances of life.
the evidences of Gods leading are
manifest. There have been repeated
periods when it has been conspicu.
ously evident that nations and races
have seemed to fail to recognize the
hand OF God in human events, Pos.
sibly an individual, recounting his own
ilfes story. Is more capable of seeing
and understanding divine intervention
than one who writes concerning the
larger and come complex story of a
people. The thing that amazes us in
our reading and observation is the
TACT that, Notwithstanding the seem.
ing apostacy or Indifference of a ma.
tlon to Gods leadership. nevertheless
TINS leadership persists and is evident
10 one who sees beneath the surface
.iiAIi6S' LdttSTly a 0lStlngu1Shed
Engl1shman. namely, Winston Church
III. has written truly monumental
work dealing with the episodes and
conflicts of the Great War. It is a
work OF commanding interest and it
un1cids a story the like Of which has
not been known in human history.
Ihat one pen could indite such a stu.
pendous record is in itself worthy of
comment. Reading it's graphic pages.
one cannot but be impressed with the
fact that it was something more than
weight of armament or strength of
arms or genius of leadership that eff
tected the results as we have come to
Know them. Looking at the conflict
without bias or prejudice as it has
disclosed itself in this memorable
DOCK. we cannot but feel that Mr..
has designed his pages to
make more clear to the reader the
working of an unseen hand that
Shapes our course and determines our
destiny. The great crises in this con.
Met that he describes so wildly and
without bias but serve to indicate how.
now and again. the situation was
fraught with peril to what the world
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

his own outlets; hence the establish
ment Of retail stores. This develop
ment does not mean the wholesalers
who also become retailers will buy
for their own retail needs alone; they
will continue to seek the orders of
other retailers. But they are using
their financial resources to insure
themselves against loss Of major
markets.
Naturally the opening of new retail
stores will intensity competition in d.
rect distribution to the consumers.
It is the retail field. in the final
ANALYSIS, where the battle for the ul-
innate dollar Is to be waged most
fiercely.
1t is not to be expected that the es.
tablished retailers will view with well
coming eyes this development in the
wholesale field.
Not all wholesalers agree that the
opening of retail outlets is the proper
method of self-preservation. Opinions
differ so widely, in fact, as to ap.
proach the controversial. Many
wholesalers are standing pat and
seeking by means of service to per-
petuate themselves in business. Some
OIL THEM are increasing lIlelr LTdu0 as
jobbers by alert methods. If the re.
taller buys lightly but frequently, so
do the wholesalers. Again, better
railroad service enters into this sit.
uation. One Eastern carrier is ad-
vertising in specific cities that it can
deliver package freight as quickly as
an express company.
Quick turnover is the secret of
those wholesalers who cling to the
idea that the business of their trade
is to buy from the producers and sell
to the final distributors, just as quick
turnover Is the slogan of the modern
retailer.
In all of the readjustment of the
distribution system of the country,
the consumer stands to gain, rather
than to have added burdens of ex-
pense placed on him, for, after all, no
experiment in business can SURVIVE
unless prices and service are sufficient
to entice the customer to part with
his money.
tcopyrjsht. 1917 <sssss..4-.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07
This and That
By Charles E. Tracetceu.

Dinner Is the high spot In the daily
| life of Jack Spratt, cat.
| Thousands of men would give any
thing they possess to share with
| Spratt his hearty appetite.
Thousands more would willingly
barter their place and prestige in the
world to be able to be as enthusiastic
about anything as Jack is about a
piece of veal.
Enthusiasm is something which
| loses its keen edge, in many individual
cases, leaving behind only a half
hearted urge to do. Let man lose
| his enthusiasm" as they say, then
life has lost it's SAVIOR.
It is all otherwise with Jack Spratt.
Today his eyes sparkle as keenly at
| the prospect of grub as they did when
he was little fellow, with tail like
that of rat.
Today his appendage is fat and
fluffy, indicating cat health, but his
appetite is as vigorous as ever. He
can consume more beefstake or veal,
for his weight, than any other cat in
town, and is always ready, having
done so, to come back for more.
He is the Oliver Twist Of Catdom.
X X + X
Jack begins his daily interest in
food about 2 PM, his dinner time be-
ing at o'clock, usually, an hour later
than they feed the bears at the Zoo.
He takes up his position at the foot
Of the stairs, where he can watch
both ways. and then keeps patient
vigil. Minute after minute he waits,
hoping that some one will take just
one step toward the kitchen.
Let this be done, Jack springs into
action. Hopping to his feet, he walks
steadily to the rear, his tail held high,
and waving grandly.
Now and again he turns his head,
his green eyes shining, as If to say,
This way, ladies and gentlemen, for
the best dinner. Right this way.
ladies and gents, to see the famous
tiger cat eat his dinner!'
Usually he marches to the kitchen
door, where, If no one follows him in,
he turns around, as if perplexed.
OF course, he knows it is not his
dinner time. There is no doubt in the
minds of his friends that he knows
his eating time to the minute.
He Is so anxious, however, to push
his dinner hour forward. that on some
days he makes a score or more Of
If any one follows him into the
kitchen, Jack dashes Immediately to
the refrigerator. There he stands on
his hind legs. and places his forepaws
on one Of the doors.
The query, Where is it," often
leads him to place his paws upon a
particular door. and. more often than
not, he Is right.
There can be little doubt that he
smells the meat, no matter how well
wrapped up.
\
Just let any one rattle a knife, at
any time near 4 o'clock, or open the
refrigerator door. Jack comes running
at full speed.
When he sees the meat. he begins
to meow. plaintive, appealing note.
liquid and clear, with an extra amount
of beseeching in it. in ratio to the
proximity to l. O'clock.
During the cutting up Of the dinner,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07
Wholesalers Going In
For Retail Business
BY HARDEN COLFAX.

Announcements last week by four
wholesale firms in widely separated
parts of the country that they will
establish retail stores as outlets for
their goods serve to emphasize the
rapid development of the vertical ar
rangement in American business, a
somewhat revolutionary change in
methods in which not only hundreds
OF thousands of merchants are con-
cerned, but in which millions Of con-
sumers have pocketbook stake.
The changes which have marked
merchandising in the United States
since the close of the war have been
many. All are evidences of new COM
petition which arose from the gener.
osity of closer margins of profit to
hold down prices, so that customer
resistance against levels necessarily
higher than the pre.war markets of.
rered might be overcome.
Chain store systems have devel-
oped with almost startling suddenness
and are constantly adding new units.
Manufacturers have become jobbers
and retailers as well. Retailers have
become manufacturers to supply some
OF their outstanding needs. other re-
tallers have formed purchasing groups
to combat the buying power of the
chain stores.
The wholesalers, speaking in general
terms, have been the last to make any
radical change in their business meth
DDS. They have had some changes
forced upon them, such as the hand.
to-mouth ordering by their retail con-
sumers.
But by and large the old fashioned
wholesaler has remained with little
feadJustment of his system, buying
from manufacturers and selling to
retail distributors
An important exception should be
noted in wholesale trade, however.
In respect to inventories on wheel. +"
that Is, merchandise on railroad cars
en- route to the jobbers warehouse or
from his warehouse to the retail
dealer, there has come a remarkable
change due to the increased efficiency
of the railroads. Much less capital is
tied up in such movement Of goods
than In the old days. The head of a
large wholesale dry goods firm told
this writer recently that whereas a
few years ago his firm had an average
of $750,000 tied up in goods en- route,
this had been reduced to $780, be-
cause Of better service by the rail-
roads. Shipments which formerly
required six weeks now are delivered
in 10 days. AS result, borrowing
has been reduced, with consequent
savings in interest.
Confronted on the one side by chain
stores. buying through central
agencies, and on the other by COM
binations of independent merchants
for group purchasing, many whole.
salers have faced the alternatives of
becoming, in effect, mere warehouse
men, acting as agents alone, or going
out of business. Some localities are
comparatively free from the condi-
tons, but in other sections of the
country jobbers in certain lines liter
ally have faced taking their choice of
these conditions.
Out of this situation there grew the
tendency for the Wholesaler to seek
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

sun pelieVes to be its highest and hest
interests These weighty volumes add
put another contribution tn 1i+ar.
lure mat records with fidelity and IN.
mistakable clearness the o,Itvorl,ine 6,
OF plan that persists through mo
ages. True, there have been reneatad
evidences OF mans failure to see anv.
tnlng else In human events saving the
elenent or chance or the outworkine
vi lortultous circumstances. 1t is a
poor reading of history that sees moth.
ing Out this. Even the darkest page
tnat mas ever been written, Swallowed
WIN an mat suggests human cupidity
ana weakness, still discloses n divine
plan and purpose. That God has "s,,f.
Tered nations to walk in their ou,n
ways for period is clearly evident
nevertheless He left not Hin,salf
without witness" The application of
TINS to individual life NAV he ahun.
DAINTY illustrated. To reach maturity,
Wthout the consciousness that orr
ilves have. possibly unwittinglv Weld.
cd themselves to a plan is to reckon
without judgment or discrimination
Even IN periods Of utter indifference
10 the divine plan or unresponsiveness
10 the deeper purpose of our being
there Is still the evidence of n nower
Aioe VI ourselves that ShaDes orr
course and leads us on to an obiec.
tive. Nothing brings more LASTING
satisfaction to us than to believe that
the way by which we have Travelled
mas oeen with definiteness of purpose
When Cowper emerged from his no.
ROO OF mental alteration he wrote his
stirring words: 'i''
Coz moves In a mysterious wav
=, MS wonders to perform:
he plants His footsteps in the son
ana rides upon the storm.
Deep in unfathomable mines
with never-failng skill
ms treasures up His bright desirns
And works His sovereign will.
Even the shadows of the deem night
from which he had emerged could not
dim his vision nor render him unre.
sponsive to Gods purpose. Difficult
as 1t may be to understand the WAYS
by which God leads us, or to see the
nature of His design. nevertheless we
find our supremest comfort and assur-
ance in the consciousness that at no
time in our strangely checkered ca.
reers does he leave Himself without
witness.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07
Fifty Years Ago
In The Star

The railroad strike of 1877 brought
to the front a labor organizer who
The Brotherhood to a1 be e. one sne'i of the
of Engineers. most most prominent IN tns
trade union fraternity. In The Star
Of August 2, 1877, is the following re-
garding him:
"P. M. Arthur, grand chief engi.
neer Of the Brotherhood of Engineers
has issued a statement which is Of in.
terest as defining the position Of the
brotherhood in regard to the recent
strikes. While admitting that his Or
ganization sympathizes with the strike
OF the trainmen, and believing that
they were justified in refusing to work
under the last reduction, and in per-
suading and hiring others not to take
their Places he says, beyond that
they had no right to go, no matter
how much they felt aggrieved, and all
those who have resorted to violence
have forfeited all claim to public sym.
pathy and are looked upon and treated
as outlaws He denies that the strike
was premeditated, or that it was the
result Of any secret understanding,
and asserts that the brotherhood first
heard Of the strike on the Baltimore
& Ohio road through the newspapers.
He declares that his organization has
exerted itself to prevent strikes and
to harmonic differences between its
members and their employers, and he
asserts that by the conferences and
declarations enforced by the brother.
hood strikes have been prevented on
Is different roads during the past
three years.
"Mr. Arthur gives a brief history
OF the Brotherhood of Locomotive En-.
gineers. Of which he is at present the
chief, and Of it's purposes. The so.
clety has at present 192 subordinate
divisions. Mr.. Arthur says that among
It's objects one is to insure the lives
OF It's members, securing to the
family Of each, in case of death
or disability in line of duty the
sum Of $4,000. The society has
paid nearly a million dollars of insur.
ance and $4,000 more to needy mem.
bers. Sobriety. faithfulness to duty
and general good conduct are required
OF the members.
In regard to the railroad managers.
Mr.. arthur makes charges somewhat
exaggerated. but which are based on
zeal OF truth. He accuses them of
spirit or tyranny over their work
men, or wasting the means of their
corporations in speculation, Of bleed.
ing the roads for the benefit Of private
enterprises. such as fast freight trains
express and sleeping car companies,
etc., In which the managers and al.
rectors are privately interested, and
remarks that this waste, extravaxance
ana speculation the managers seek to
make up by reducing the wages Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

It is always interesting, when a
presidential possibility retires, how
many are willing to fling themselves
into the breach. Any mans place can
be filled, but there is always a chance
that it will be filled to create the wish
that the old.timer were back on the
Job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

The word CHOOSE" has suddenly in
PRODUCED the photographer into poll
tics. 1t may indicate studious selec.
ton where alternatives are involved
or it may imply a wish involving
only personal reasons. 1t Is the first
time subject of so much political
six letters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

One of the remarkable traits of radi.
calism is a determination to show no
favoritisn. A bomb thrower Is quite
as willing to kill a woman or a child
as to assassinate a recognized enemy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

One Of the penalties of being Prince
Of Wales is the necessity of being a
globe-trotter; which compels him to
miss some Of the most interesting de.
bates at home,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

Possibly President Coolidge looks
forward to some Summer when he can
go fishing without having to take
along. in addition to the regular tackIe.
counting machines, typewriters. tele-
graph instruments and cameras.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

the would-be diner Frances around
anxiously, meowing steadily, and
rubbing his head against ones legs.
II a bite is given him. he will stand
up for 1t. wrapping his forepaws.
without any pins" In them at all.
around ones wriG. -t
When the meal finally Is placed on
the floor on his plata folded news.
paper-Jack falls to with avidity. eat.
ing away as fast as he can.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

The question Of whether Jack
Sharkey succumbed to a foul blow
will go into limbo along with the his.
toric query, WHO struck Billy Pat.
terson?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

Prohibition agents should be more
vigilant than ever. What may appear
to be an illicit still may in reality be
the lair Of bombmaker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

Some flying experts are inclined to
regard Mr.. Levine as so venturesome
in his idea of big sport that he wants
to rock the airship.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

Many q man sued for alimony
wishes he could trust his wife's liberal
calculations as to the amount Of his
income.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

Not much is to be expected from a
conference whose members arrived
with their minds positively made up
beforehand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-08-07

~ 49,
y, There IL a habit in politics Of mis-
understanding an eminent mans state
Ynents merely for the sake Of argu-
uaent.