davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
The Errors of the Opposition.

The chief error of the opposition
(of comrade Radek and Coz is the
failure to understand the revolution
in China, to realize in what stage of
development the revolution is at
present and to realize the interna-
tional situation of the revolution.
The opposition demands that the
Chinese revolution develop in some
thing like the same tempo as that of
the October revolution. The opposi-
ton is dissatisfied because the work
ers Of Shanghai have not commenced
the decisive struggle against i'm
perialism and its lackeys. 1t does
not understand that the revolution in
China cannot develop as quickly as
the October revolution, because the
international situation to-day is not
so favorable as it was in 1917. There
lis no war between the .imperialists.
The opposition does not realize that
it is not possible to commence de-
cisive struggle under unfavorable cir
cumstances, before the reserves have
been called up, just as for instance
the Bolsheviki in April or even in
June 1917 did not undertake any de-
eisive struggle. The opposition fails
to understand that not to avoid a
decisive struggle under unfavorable
circumstances when it could be
avoidedD is tantamount to tightening
the task of the enemies of the revolu-
ton.
The opposition demands the inn
mediate creation Of Soviet workers,
peasants and soldiers deputies in
China. What would that mean, to
form soviets in China now? First of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13


all, one cannot form soviets at any
time, they can only be formed in q
time of intense revolutionary energy
Secondly, soviets are not formed fol
talking purposes. They are formed
primarily as fighting organs against
the existing power, as organs of the
struggle for power. This was the
case in 1905 and again in 1907.
What would the formation Of
soviets mean at the present time
for instance in the territory I'M
der the control of the government OF
Wuhan? This would mean to issue
the slogan of a struggle against the
existing power in this territory
This would mean to issue the slogan
TO form new organs of power, the
slogan of the struggle against the
power of the revolutionary KOuming,
tang, for at the present time there i;
no other power in this territory but
that of the revolutionary kuoming
tang. This would mean to confuse
the task of forming and consolidation
of mass organizations of the workers
and peasants in the form Of strike
committees, peasant unions and pea
SAINT committees, trade councils, fac.
tory councils, etc, upon which the
revolutionary Kuomingtang already
supports itself with the task Of
creating a soviet system as a new
type of state power in place of the
power of the revolutionary Kuoming-
tang. That means a lack of under
standing for the present phase of the
development of the Chinese revolu-
ton. That means to present the
enemies of the, Chinese people with a
new weapon for the struggle against
the revolution, to create new legends
that in China there is no national
revolution, but an artificial Mos
COW sovietization.
BY putting up the slogan of the
formation off soviets at the present
time the opposition is thus playing
into the hands of the enemies of the
Chinese revolution.
The opposition considers that par
ticipation Of the Communist Party in
the Kuomingtang is purposeless. The
opposition considers therefore that
the Communist Party should leave
the Kuomingtang. But what would
it mean if the Communist Party would
leave the Kuomingtang now at a
time when the whole imperialist
brood and its supporters every
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
SACCO and VANZETTI
SHALL NOT DIE!
Los Angeles Communist
Arrested, Charged C. S.
But Later Is Released
By l.. P. RINDAL.
(WOrker COrrespOndent)


LOS ANGELES, Calf, May r.
Joseph Siminoff, Communist, was ar
rested at Brooklyn and Soto Street
Thursday night, May 9Th. He was
one Of the speakers addressing an
open-air gathering on the Labor Party
question.
When Frank Spector, secretary Of
the local branch of the I. L. d., pre-
scented himself at the police station
with the bail money, they locked him
up also for good measure.
The first charge against Comrade
Siminoff criminal syndicalism, was
dropped. So Busickism in this state
is siek--but not dead. Siminoff is out
On bail. charged with violations of
two different brands of city ordin-
ances.
Released.
Frank Spector also gained his free
dom tonight, as they were unable to
frame-up anything against him at
present Spector is, however, out on
bail on another charge. He was one
Of % Communists arrested last Sun
day, May 1, for unlawful parading
and display OF Sacco-Vanzetti pro-
test banners. May II is the date Of
the trial.
The activity Of the police since May
seems 70 have stimulated the CLASS
INTEREST Of the workers. They
flock to Workers (Communist) Party
headquarters from all directions of
the CITY.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13

When these attempts had failed
Chang Kai-shek then acted on his
own in Shanghai, Marking and other
towns and commenced the path fol-
lowed by other militarists before him.
The declaration records all the steps
by which Chang caused split in the
kuomintang.
Immediately upon his arrival in
Shanghai, Chang came to an under
standing with the impeialists and
chose together with the latter the
struggle against Communism with the
methods Of Chang Tso-lin. The Of
ficers and soldiers who did not agree
with him he sent to the front, cut
them off from all support in their
rear and so abandoned them to GER
tain destruction at the hands Of the
enemy. He caused the political work.
ers in the army to be arrested and
had them openly executed. He insti-
gated his soldiers to destroy the
party and its leading organs. He
used terrible cruelty against real
revolutionary clearness and their
friends. All the elements in the
hands Of the imperiaists rallied
around his banner.
The declaration appeals to all, par
ticularly the army, TO rally around
the national government and to over
throw and destroy Chang Kai-shek
the traitor to the people and to the
Kuomingtang.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13

where demand the driving of the
Communists out of the Kuomingtang ?
This would mean to leave the battle
field and to leave our allies in the
Kuomingtang in the lurch to the
great pleasure of the enemies of the
revolution. This would mean a
weakening Of the Communist Party,
an undermining Of the Kuoming-
tang, tightening of the work of the
Cavaignac of Shanghai and the
handing over of the Kuomingtang
flag, the most popular emblem in
China, to the right-wing members of
the Kuomingtang. That is exactly
what the imperialists and the mill
tarists and the right-wing members
of the Kuomingtang demand at the
present time
1t follows therefore that by de-
handing the resignation of the Com
munist Party from the Kuomingtang
now, the opposition is playing into
the hands of the enemies of the Chi
nese revolution.
THE PLENARY SESSION OF
THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF
THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE
SOVIET UNION WHICH HAS JUST
TAKEN PLACE ACTED COR
RECTLY THEREFORE, WHEN II
REJECTED THE PLATFORM OF
THE OPPOSITION.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13

~
of the peasant movement and the or
ganization of peasant unions and
peasant committees, the powerful
strike wave in the towns and the for
nation of trade unions, the victorious
advance of the national troops against
Shanghai which was besieged by the
fleets and the troops of imperialism,
all these and similar facts prove that
this policy was correct. Only this
circumstance can explain the fact
that the attempt of the right-wingers
in February 1927 to split he Kuo-
mingtang and to form new centre in
Nanchang failed in face of the UNI
animous defence action Of the revolu-
tionary Kuomingtang in Wuhan. But
this attempt was preliminary sign
that a reformation of class forces
was taking place in the country and
that right-wingers and the national
bourgeoisie were not resting but in
ereasing their work against the revo-
luton.
The Central Committee of the c. P.
of the U.S.S.R. was therefore right
when it declared in March 1927 that
(a) cat the present time the Chi
nese revolution is experiencing a
critical period in connection with the
reformation of class forces and the
concentration of the imperialist arm
les, and its further victory is only
possible if all efforts are made to
develop mass movement" (b) "the
police of arming the workers and
peasants and turning the peasant
committees in the provinces to real
organs of power with armed POSSIBLE
tiles of defence, must be continued"
(c) the Communist Party must not
conceal the treacherous and reaction
airy policy of the right-wingers in the
Kuomingtang but must mobilize the
masses around the Kuomingtang and
the Communist Party at the same
time exposing the right-wing." (3rd
March 1927
1t is therefore not difficult to UNI
derstand that in face of a further
powerful swing forward of the revo-
luton on the one hand and the at
tack Of the imperialists in Shanghai
on the other, the national bourgeoisie
inevitably went over to. the camp of
the counter-revolution, just as the
occupation Of Shanghai by the ma
tional troops and the strikes of the
Chinese workers united the imperial
lists to throttle the revolution. And
thus it took place. The shootings
in Marking serve as the signal for a
still further separation of the fight
ing forces in China. By firing on
Marking and issuing an ultimatum,
the imperialists wished to make it
clear that they sought the aid of the
national bourgeoisie for joint strug-
gle against the revolution. BY shoot
ing upon workers meetings and by his
coup d'Etat Chang Kai-shek
answered the imperialists indicating
his readiness to join the national
bourgeoisie against the workers and
peasants and to make bargain with
the imperialists.
III.
The Second Stage of the Ch,hese
Revolution.
The coup d'Etat carried out by
Chang Kai-shek signifies the
abandonment of the revolution by the
national bourgeoisie, the formation
of centre of national counter-revo-
luton and bargaining by the right
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
How the
ReaCtiOnaries
Have Helped
the
Daily Worker

This is an authentic photograph of a dyed
in-the-wOOl dollar paytriot specializing upon
the results of the attack upon The DAILY
WORKER. Contrary to their expectations
that the attack would crush the paper, it has
stimulated increased support from workers
throughout the country Every mail brings
evidences of sympathy and support in our
fight against the forces of reaction.
If any worker was not convinced about
the militancy and the fighting character of
The DAILY WORKER, of its efficacy in the
struggle against American capitalism. then
the attack of the sO-called patriotic societies
would convince even the most skeptical. It is
very evident to the most doubtful one, that
The DAILY WORKER is being attacked be-
cause 1T is waging militant struggle against
the forces of American capitalism, on every
front.
Every dollar contributed to the Defense
Fund, is not only demonstration of support
for The DAILY WORKER, Iabor's militant
X lie
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
Soviet Revenue for
Six Months Near
One Billion Rubles

MOSCOW, Russia, May 12.-Rev-
enue for the first half of the current
year amounted TO 1916 per cent of
this years estimate, higher percent
age of the revenue budgeted than has
been raised in former years, Il was
announced today.
The revenue for the period covered
was 1879, 200 ,o09 rubles (about $780,
000,000). Expenditures were 1885,
100000 rubles.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13

organ. IL is a demon
stration against the eff
forts of the reaction
aries, to reduce the
workers of America to
silent acceptance of con-
ditiOns of in du S trial
slavery. Let no worker
fail at this time to show
where he stands. Send
in your contribution at
once to show your SOL
idarity.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13

DAILY WORKER
80 First Street,
New York. N. Y.
InclOsed is my contribution Of
... dollars 49,. cents TO tho
Ruthenberg Sustaining Fund
Tor a stronger and better
DAILY WORKER and for the
defense of our paper. will pay
the same amount regularly
every '''.."................
Name '.'..............."..
Add ess ....................
ATTY .......................
''a'e '...'''.. ....s...
Attach check or money order.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
FENG DECL ARES LOYALTY TO HANKOW
BRITISH FEAR NATIONALIST STRENGTH
(Continued from Page One

Continued from Page Oue)
Nationalist Government with a storm
Of protest They continue to clamor
for open war and the occupation Of
the Yangtze valley.
British business men believe that
Chamberlain places too much faith
in Chang Kai-shek and Chang Tso-
lin. They concede the strength Of the
Nationalist Government at Hankow,
and believe that if Great Britain de-
sists from intervention, all of China
will soon fall into the hands Of the
Nationalist.
British Fear Nationalist
Commenting on Chamberlain's hope
that Chang Kai-shek will defeat the
Nationalist, the Hongkong Tele-
graph says, eve are doubtful about
the consummation of such hope,
even tho it is too devotly wished.
The change in the Cabinets policy
is regarded as a Chinese victory over
Great Britain.
Rights Continue Murder
hlghV Wlngers here are continuing
their merciless execution of labor and
left wing leaders. The police an
nounced the wholesale execution of
an unspecified number of Commu-
lists yesterday. Only two boys were
spared because Of their age.
The right wingers in control have
also granted merchants and COM
pradoes the right to reorganize their
armed defence corps. Workers who
carry arms run the risk of immediate
execution.
(By Mail
MOSCOW, April 27.-According to
report Of the Chinese National
Telegraph Agency, the Central Com
mittee Of the Kuomingtang and the
National government have published
declaration exposing Chang Kai-
shek and the participants in the con-
ference of Marking. The declaration
points out that Chang Kai-shek had
long tried to form his own govern
ment and long before his present ac-
ton had attempted to turn the cen
trail government of national China
into an instrument for his own pur-
poses.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
The Second Stage of the Ch,hese
Revolution.

The coup d'Etat carried out by
Chang Kai-shek signifies the
abandonment of the revolution by the
national bourgeoisie, the formation
of centre of national counter-revo-
luton and bargaining by the right
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
Circulation of Pravda,
Moscow Daily, s Times
AS Large as in 1928

MOSCOW May 12.-The amazing
increase of literacy in the Soviet
Union is indicated by the following
figures:
Circulation of Various Moscow
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13

The events which followed proved
the correctness Of this policy COM
pletely. The powerful development
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-13
Papersl

most twice that Of the New York
Times.
Loyal Painter Dies.
Comrade d. Laretsky, active mem
Der of Painters Union, Local 26l died
yesterday Of pneumonia in Lebaenon
Hospital.
The funeral will be held from his
late home 1856 Concord Ave-. The
Bronx, today at 2 p. m. All comrades
are urged to attend.
Evening star., 1927-04-24
POLICEMAN HURT;
AUTO DISAPPEARS
Motorist Disregards Stop
Sign, Causing Sergt. Terry
to Skid and Fall.

Search for a motor1st who disre-
garded boulevard stop sign and
thereby caused Sergt. William F.
Terry, Traffic Bureau, to skid and
overturn his motor cycle at Vermont
avenue and n street was instituted
st night after Sergt. Terry rccov
cred sufficiently TO communicate with
police officials.
Asst. Supt. OF Police Charles A.
Evans. Inspector Lewis Stoll and In
sDector Brown OF the TRAFFIC Bureau
visited Sergt. Terry at the hospital
last night. While suffering from
fracture Of the skull and In a serious
condition, Sergt. Terry was able TO
recount the details OF the accident.
He said he was proceeding on Nef.
mont avenue, a boulevard street, ana
when he approached the n street IN
tersection he expected an approach
ing automobile TO observe the stop sign
on " street, and thus continued on
the avenue. The automobile did not
stop and. to avoid hitting 1t, he told
the officials. ne was forced to swing
around to the righ-. The brake
locked the motor cycle wheels and
turned 1t over He was pinned under
the motor cycle.
Physicians at Emergency Hospital
last night stated his condition was
serious. but was not then regard
as critical.
Evening star., 1927-04-24
ARREST TORR|G|AN|
IN MUSSOL|N| PLOT
Grand Master of italian Free
Masonry Banished by
Political Tribunal.

BY the Associated Press.
ROME, Italy, April 23.-Domizio
Torrigiani, for many years grand mas.
ter of Italian Free Masonry and po.
litical power under the old regime.
was arrested on official orders this
morning, the Giornale DItalia says.
and Immediately afterwards was con-
demned to five years confinement on
one of the islands to which political
enemies of the regime are banished.
He was sentenced by the provincial
commission which deals with political
offenses
Torrigiani was mentioned frequent.
ly during the trial of Zaniboni, just
concluded, in connection with alleged
anti-fascist activities.
Throughout the tria the Fascist
press referred to the case as the
Judgment of Freema SO y for treason
to fascism." Witnesses testified that
Torrigiani knew of the plot to kill Pre-
mier Mussolini and overthrow the gov.
ernment, of which Zaniboni was con.
victed. No one, however, was able to
produce tangible proof. But, notwith-
standing this, the arrest of Torrigian nj
is interpreted in Fascist quarters as
meaning that the government con.
sidered there was enough evidence to
class him with potentially dangerous
individuals.
Since the official ban on Free
masonry by Fascist law Torrigiani
had been continually under the watch
full eye of police agents.
The newspaper says he was arrested
shortly after o'clock this morning in
his villa in a new and fashionable sec
tion Of the city. The political squad.
ron Of central police headquarters,
after entering the house, waited for
Torrigiani to dress, while agents made
a careful examination of the house.
He was rushed TO the Regina Coeli
Prison, and after being sentenced was
taken to his destination, which was
kept secret.
Evening star., 1927-04-24
D. A. r. CHAPTER MARKS
SOCIETY'S BIRTHPLACE

The District of Columbia Chapter
of the National Society Daughters Of
the American Revolution yesterday
afternoon placed bronze tablet on
the Continental Trust Co. Building,
Fourteenth and II streets, marking
the site of the building in which the
National Society Daughters Of the
American Revolution was founded on
August 9, 1890.
The dedication ceremonies were
brief and attended by some of the
delegates to the Continental Congress.
The dedicatory program was in
charge of Mrs. H. H, Thompson,
State historian of the District, and
a short address was given by Mrs.
James w. Wiley. State regent Of
the District of Columbia. Miss Alice
Louise McDuffee, national historian,
attended the ceremonies which were
held at 3 o'clock.
Flags and palms surrounded the
tablet which is on the south wall of
the building, on the Fl street side.
Evening star., 1927-04-24

OTeary, Gertrude w. Perry, Sarah
Elizabeth Phelan, Marian Phillipson,
Lester Carey Price, Lois Purcell, Betty
r. Radford, Elizabeth Ransley, Made
line T. Reynolds, Mary Louise Rey'
nolds, Norma r. Reynolds. Virginia
Richardson, Marguerite X. Riddle,
Martha l.. B. Robbins, Eleanor Rolf,
Maybelle f. A. Rose, Edith d. Rowe.
Katherine Y. Sanborn, Neva Graves
Schreck, Jessamine P. Scott, Verna
Carolyn Settele, Aimee G. Stands,
Lila Sims, Blanche l.. G. Skinner,
Edith Smith, Pauline Snider. Wilda r.
Speer, Mary Sprigman, Sarah NJ.
Stauffer, Gretchen Steele, Freda K.
Steelman. Thelma Steinbaugh, Kath"
crime X. Steinhibler, Louisa stephens,
Grace M. Stewart, Ruth Sumner.
Edith O'Keefe Susong.
Edna Belle Talbot, Lucille Talbot.
Marian P. Test, Helen Fl. Thompson,
Irene Belle Titus, Susan Deane Van
Landingham, Sue Reid Vason. Amy
Walker, Nellie Bly, Walker, Eleanor
Y. Waters, Sophy Heberton Weiss.
Estelle West, Helen l.. White, Betty
Whitehouse. Elizabeth Wilbur. Willie
Fort williams, Katherine Williams,
Virginia Williamson, Catesby Willis,
Marguerite Winant, Blanche Wingo,
Nancy Wolff, Sue Katherine Wool
ridge, Mary Woolvin, Ruth Thorne
Wyne, FRANCHISE Cheely Yoe, Kath-
crime Young.
Evening star., 1927-04-24
DIsCLAIMs RESPONSIBILITY.

By the Associated Press.
The Hankow political government
has disclaimed responsibility for dam
ages to buildings or other property
abandoned by foreigners evacuating
that city, Consul General Lockhart
informed the State Department yes
terday. t'
The consul's message said that an
appeal to foreigners at Hankow for
help in stabiIizing business and
financial conditions had been made by
Eugene Chen, Cantonese foreign min
ister On April 21, the consul said.
business transactions at Hankow were
completely paralyzed. except in few
minor isolated cases, following the
sealing of the vaults OF the Chinese
banks by the Nationalist government,
which also put down an absolute en-
barge on silver. Even Chinese busi-
ness men were leaving Hankow i'm
large numbers. land as quickly as
possible" Lockhart said.
There was great difficulty in remit
ting money to Shanghai, and q num-
ber Of American firms at Hankow had
stopped doing business altogether
"for the present" the consul general
added
Evening star., 1927-04-24
America Withdraws From Discussions
Of Next Chinese ReparatiOns Move.
ny HERBERT y. ALLIsTON.
tIta-. 80. ar.A AhA AnrfA a

a. pa1a 10 The Star and the North Amer
lean Newspaper Alliance.
PEKING, China. April 23.-Amerlca
has withdrawn from all participation
In the discussions on the action 10 De
employed in the event OF further re-
fusal by Eugene Chen to meet
nronntly the demands OF the powers
for an apology. reparations and the
punishment of the guilty in connec.
tion with the Eanking killings and
lootings.
This was announced at yesterday
meeting of the diplomatic corps oy
Minister MacMurray, acting on fresh
instructions from the State Depart
ment. whose statement Of policy thus
transforms America at one stroke
from an actor into an observer OF the
stormy Chinese scene.
Condemnation has been caused IN
the legation quarter by this develop
ment. particularly because American
nationals were the principal sufferers
In the Marking ousrages.
It is considered in non-Amerlcan
circles that this withdrawal plays lnto
the hands OF Chen, whose reply 10 tll"
first Nanking note was generally con
strued as an effort to drive Weose
into the concert of powers. Nothing
hut sneclllation is available concern
ing the effect which this requirement.
will have on the policy OF the other
powers. ~.
Britain. Japan. France and ltaly
will continue the conversation. whlch
has already reached a dennitlve
stage, in regard to the text OF the sec
ond Nanlsing note.
Though the American wlthdraw wal
Ia complete it is expected that Mac
Murray will be asked TO continue I"
sit In on the conversation even
though his function is reduced to
that Of an observer.
tConvrirht lOS7 in Uuited state, G.e2t
pSitsir and ali toifnsFics by North American
Newsnaper Alliance. Reproduction prohibited
Evening star., 1927-04-24
DEATH FORCED ISSUE.
Widow of Chinese Victim Believes
Husbands Murder Not I'm Vain.

HONOLULU. April 90 R1.---A be-
lief that DR.. E. ]. Williams. American
missionary killed BY footing Chinese
when the Cantonese captured Nan
king several weeks ago. might not
have died in vain was expressed by
his widow, who arrived here en- route
to the United States.
She viewed the Staying as the pos
sible eventual salvation OF China' eX'
planning that 1t awoke the National
lists to a realization of the danger OF
the Communist element in their ranks
and brought to head the issue be-
tween the moderate and the extreme
branches of. the party. She praised
the conduct of American Consul
Davis during the Nanking disorders.
Mrs. Williams plans to make her
home in New York and expects never
to return to China.