davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1927-09-20
EVERYMAN'S
INVESTMENTS
Warning to Liberty Bond Holders.
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.

w NdEELAUS ~ bUhu hAOAuCA Cs
This article is addressed especially
to holders of the second Liberty 4A
per cent bonds in the $50, S100, $500
and 81 900 pieces. IL you, reader. own
one or more of this issue of Liberty
bonds bought during the war or short
ly thereafter you ought to know that
the Government has called them for
payment on November 10 next. ana
that after that date they will no
longer bear interest. This is the first
and most important point. Large
sums are lost every year because hold
ers of bonds fan to learn that they
have been called for redemption and
so neglect TO present them for pay
ment. They do not lose the principal,
only the interest, but that ought not
to be lost.
Now there is no way that the Gov
ernment or any corporation with
bonds outstanding can let the owners
of these bonds in coupon form know
that they have been called except by
advertisements in the newspapers and
financial maya zines. The owner OF a
registered bond is notified by mail at
his home address, but there is no rec
ord of the addresses of the owners of
coupon bonds. There could not be,
because ownership of a coupon bond
passes by delivery, whereas to trans
fer a registered bond requires a nota-
ton on the books of the corporation
or the Government as the case
may be.
Supposing then that you wish to
hold your bond until the redemption
date, November Is next. all you have
to do is to deposit it with your bank
at that time for collection. There is.
however. another privilege accruing
to owners of the Liberty second 44
per cent bonds. The Government is
offering an exchange of these bonds
for a new 312 per cent note payable in
five years and redeemable in three
years.
This offer of exchange, in the opin-
ion Of the writer, is advantageous and
ought to be accepted. True, you will
be giving up a Az per cent invest
ment for 312 per cent, but that can
not be helped. Since the war times,
when the Liberty loans were fioated,
all interest rates have declined, and
31a per cent is just as attractive now
as Az per cent was then. Details of
this exchange offer have been pub
lished, or may be learned by applica-
ton to your bank. 1t is unnecessary
to repeat them here, except to i'm
press the importance of decision at
an early date.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
POLISH LOAN NEGOTIATED
Large Portion of $7o, 200, 900 Bond
Issue to Be Marketed in U. s.

NEW YORK, September 20 R.-
Arrangements have been completed
for a Z per cent loan of 10000 900 to
the Polish government by banking
group including Blair & Co. and the
Bankers Trust Co, which probably
will be offered in two or three weeks.
About $45 200 900 will be marketed
in the United States, f2,000,000 ster-
ling by LaZard F'reres in London,
S6,000.000 in Switzerland, $4,000 900
in Holland and $1.000000 in France.
1t is understood an American will be
appointed to the board of the Polska
Bank.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
SUGAR TONE EASIER.
Losses Of 4 to 8 Points Recorded
in the Futures Market.

NEW YORK. September 20 Cp-
No sales were reported in the raw
sugar market early today, but the
undertone was easier and sugars were
available at concessions of one.thirty
second, or on the basis of 4.s3.
Raw sugar futures were easier under
liquidation and selling by houses with
Cuban connections, due to the easier
London market, the inactivity in the
spot market and to private adyiceS
from Cuba intimating that opposition
to the proposed restrictions Of the
coming crop was more pronounced.
Stop-loss orders were uncovered on
the decline. with prices at one time
showing net losses of to S points
but after their execution a partial
rally followed on covering, with tho
market at midday 2 to 5 points ner
lower.
No increase was reported in new
buying Of refined sugar, although
on old contracts were of
fair proportions Prices were un.
changed at $50 to $40 for fine gran.
ulated
Evening star., 1927-09-20
Commodity News

PORTLAND, Ore, September 90
(SpeciaD. The first cranberries from
the Washington and Oregon bogs have
arrived here and early blacks have
been selling at $3.50 a bushel box.
The quality is excellent.
OTTAWA.-Cana tobacco crop
this year will total at least 10000, 900
pounds, according to government Of
ficials here. Acreage planted has in
creased $50 per cent in the last 10
years. The preferential tariff of 49
cents a pound on Canadian-grown to-
bacco sent to England has stimulated
the industry.
YOUNGSTOWN.-The Mahoning
Valley Steel industry still is waiting
patiently for the development Of the
Fall buying. The purchases at the
moment continue on hand.to-mouth
basis. About 80 open hearth furnaces
and 20 independent sheet mills arc
active.
POTTSVILLE. PA number of
the anthracite mines are being sharply
curtailed in output owing to the slump
in demand, and many miners and help
ers are on a part time basis.
AKRON, Ohio.-The local tire man.
ufacturers are still on crest of the
wave of unabated tire demand. The
Goodyear Co. recently turned out it's
billionth rubber heel and it's balloon
department has been very busy both
for aviation and advertising purposes.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
FLEECE WOOLS ACTIVE.

BOSTON, September 20 tSpeciaD.-
Fleece woods were fairly active today
in the Boston wool market, with the
demand centering on low and medium
grades. Territories of all sorts are
moving well. Fine Ohio grade fieeces
were quoted today at 45a46 grease
basis, half blood at As, three-eighths
blood at HAAS and quarter blood at
44a441a. Fine territory was quoted
at 1.10a1 is, clean basis. French comb
ing at 1.05a1.07, half blood at 1.00a
LOS, three-eighths blood at 90a92, and
quarter blood at 80a82.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
EARNINGS TOUCH PEAK.

NEW YORK, September 20 UP).-
General Baking Corporation reports
net earnings of $685. 989 for 81 weeks
ended September 10. new high
record, equal to $4.9O a share on the
class "a" stock after preferred
dividends, against $3.953.373. or $3.73
share. in the same period last year.
Contracts have been let for new
plant at Philadelphia to cost 81 900 900.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
NEW INTERCOAsTAL LINE.

BALTIMORE, September 20 (Spe-
ciaD. Nelson Steamship Co. will
start biweekly sailings from Balti.
more to Pacific Coast ports this week
and will include Charleston and Nor.
folk in it's calls. The headquarters of
the company are at San Francisco
and the fleet is owned by the Nelson
Co., shippers of Western lum-
Der to Eastern markets. The company
will operate seven vessels in it's fleet.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
NEW YORK MARKETS.

NEW YORK, September 90 P).-
Flour firm; Spring patents. 6.S7a7.25
soft Winter straights, 5.90a6.25; rye
firm; No. 2 Western, 110h f. o. b.,
New York. and 1.O8B C. /. f. export
barley firm; mailing, 81 C. /. +. New
York; lard easy; Middlewest, 12.95a
1905; wheat futures opened steady
domestic, December, 1.32 q; oats neg.
lected; others unchanged.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
POTATO MARKET FIRM.

CHICAGO. September 20 R).-Po-
tatoes--Receipts, n cars; on track.
800; total United States shipments. 1873
cars; trading fair; market firm on good
stock; Wisconsin sacked round whites.
1.50a1.S5 according to condition: Min.
nesota sacked round whites, 1.40a1 GJ:
sacked sandland Ohios, 1.35a1.45:
sacked Red River Ohios. 1.50a1 so.
Idaho sacked russets, $50; Wyominc
sacked triumphs, LIS.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
DIVIDEND RATE CUT.

NEW YORK, September 90 R.-
The annual dividend rate on the COM
mon and class b stocks of the Pan
American Petroleum & Transport Co.
was reduced from Sc to 81 share
today when directors declared a quar-
terly dividend of 81 share on each
of the stocks
Evening star., 1927-09-20
HAS LARGER SURPLUS.

NEW YORK, September 20 Pl.-
The Erie Railroad System reports sur
plus of $646,147 for August, after
charges, against $846, 453 in August
last year, and for the eight months
this year $2,037. .9S2. against $1,0S2 ,02S
in the same period Of 1926. Gross
revenues for August were $424,053
less than a year ago.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
NEW BRANCH ESTABLISHED.

NEW YORK, September 20 R.--
Westinghouse Electric International
Co, has established new branch with
activities in Chile and Bolivia, to be
known as. Compania Electrica West
inghouse de Chile. E. l.. McCloskey
will be manager, with headquarters at
Santiago. Chile.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
EARNINGS DECLINE.

NEW YORK, September 20 (P).-
The Lehigh Valley Railroad earned
SLAP a share on the common stock
in the first half Of 1927, against $293
share in the first half of 1926. Net
income declined to s1,732,323 from $3,-
547,S47.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
RUBBER DECLINES.

NEW YORK, September 20 (Spe-
ciaD.-Crude rubber, smoked ribbed
sheets, declined n at today's noon
quotation of 32A. This compares with
353s a month ago and Al a year ago.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
BUTTER IS HIGHER.

CHICAGO. September 90 R).-But.
ter higher; receipts, 9,209 tubs; cream
cry extras, Asa; standards, 421z; extra
firsts, 42a44; firsts, 3Sha391a; seconds
36a371h
Evening star., 1927-09-20

The Chesapeake & Ohio is expected
to place orders for $4,000 tons of rails
tomorrow, with 1000 tons of tie
plates and $500 tons of angle bars.
Evening star., 1927-09-20
SILVER QUOTATIONS.

NEW YORK, September 20 'CP.-
Bar silver, 555s. Mexico dollars. 421s.
Evening star., 1927-05-19
Gloves

Women's Two-clasp SILK
Gloves, double tipped fingers;
Paris point backs; black, white,
brown, beaver and mode, EOc
S100 values. s.,............
Women's Elbow-Iength Silk
Gloves, double tipped fingers;
white, black, pongee, gray,
brown and mode, $3.50 S%o
values .......,..'- '-s..''''
Cioidenhprg 's--First Floor.
Charge Accounts Invited.
Evening star., 1927-05-19
Neckwear

Assorted Lot Of WOmen's
Spring NecIxwear. including col
lar and cuff sets, jabots and sepa'
rate collars. OF lace, linen, geor-
gette crepe and ofgandy. White,
cream. ecru and colors. Toe
Former 79c grades. ......
Sample Line of Flowers, in
pretty combinations, of velvet,
silk and fabric. Former 1Sc
soc values, Friday at.....
GoIdenberg's---First Floor.
Charge Accounts Invited.
Evening star., 1927-05-19
Mems Sligo to So
Fine-Crade Pajamas
AT 97c Suit
Samples and Slight Seconds

All First Quality Suits, including such well
known makes as Stadium" and Coal Pajamas,
whose quality particular men appreciate. Regu-
lation or English lounging style, of fine Broad
cloth, Soisette, Mercerized Pongce, Madras and
other superior grade cloths. Rayoh frog trim
mings, braid trimmings or plain models Sizes
A to D.
ST and $1.25 Union Suits, &c
Tuxedo Genuine Broadcoth Athletic Union
Suits sleeveless style, extra full cut shirt size and
long trunk size; wide elastic web belt back;
all perfect quality; sizes "a to so.
75c to $1.5O Underwear, 46c
Athletic Underwear, samples and seconds OF Re
gatta and other high grade makes; all fine grades;
sleeveless coat shirts and knee'ength drawers, also
lot Of running pants
Csc to ST Sport Hose, 35c
Sport Hose broken lots from regular stock; per
feet quality: high-spliced heel. double reinforced
heel and toe: new paids, checks and striped pat
terms. Sizes 912 to II Il.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

| NCoHVlHueQ from page !
IN the hotel proper, all with bath
ard outside exposure. Furnishings
VIII be in keeping with the splen-
old atmosphere of the structure
itself and no expense will be
spared to make it an utra-fine
tourist hostelry, it's sponsors have
assured.
/ An elaborate landscaping sche-
me. Is to be carried out in the
spacious grounds surrounding the
buildings. Numerous recreational
features also are to be provided.
including a playground for chill
drn, tennis court and a beautiful
swimming pool.
! In addition to the extensive
paving program, and a mammoth
tourist hotel, the following gives
an idea, in a nutshell; what's do
ing here toward the bringing
about of Greater Noga,es:
Woo worth Company to erect a
big business block on Morley ave-
nue on the Dave Loeb property
row occupied by the Mather
Iewelry Store and the. Manchester
Store.
Iickwick Stage Company COM
Iepleting new depot building on
sot. n Grand avenue.
Sam Leeker completely remod-
ehl.g Arizona Hotel building.
j. E. VS. cEe ting new busi-
ress block first door north of
Arizona Hoic' building on Grand
avenue.
New E. X. Cumming building,
now occupied by Piggy Wiggly,
completed ten days ago on Grand
avenue opposite City Hall.
New C. C. Cheshire Chevrolet
building nearing completion on
former site of ice plant on Nor
Icy avenue opposite Nogales
Theater.
| New Nogales Feed & Seed
| \'OiiPe%hy OuiAOlliS COHlplGIcQ PAST
week on Grand avenue opposite
Autoaide, Service Station, former
l,r known as Standard Oil Service
Station.
Sam Leeker planning erection
of new two-story business block
st southwest corner of Crawford
street Grand avenue.
Several beautiful new homes
and apartment houses completed
during 1927, and plans being
made for many more in 1928. .
Nogales international planning
! tn make extensive Improvement
TO its plant and building on Grand
avenue. Great expansion program
CONTEMPLATED.
All in all, 1923 will see the
greatest DEVELOPMENT program in
the history of this city.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
$4,000 BONDS
Be SOLD JAN. 5

Mayor Harry J. Karns announc-
ed yesterday that the City Coun-
Gil viii meet on January 5, on
which day the 100000 bonds re
Gently voted for paving and other
civic improvements, will be sold.
On January 5 the council will
open bids for water extension
material, and on. the 18th bids
will be opened for storm sewers,
the Grand Avenue bridge, and
arroyo retaining wall.
Contract for building of the
intersection of Grand Avenue
and Terrace Avenue retaining
wall has been awarded to Mr..
Hill, who is contractor in charge
of the new Pickwick Stage De-
pot now nearing completion.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
Hayden Appointed
On important
Committee
-,
Especial To International)

Washington, D. c., Dec. 29.-
An exceptional preferment was
granted to Senator Carl Hayden
by his election to membership on
the powerful Committee on Ap.
pfopriatiotls. Membership on this
great Committee is highly covet-
ed and it is very unusual for a
Senator to be chosen at the very
beginning of his term of service
The Senate Committee on Ap-
preparations consists of 10 memb-
erst and under the Budget system
al of the bil.' providing for the
support of widespread activities
Of the Federal Government are re-
ferrei to that Committee for
consideration. The total appropria-
tons to be reported at the pre-
sert session of Congress will ex-
ceed three ard ha..f billion dol
lars.
Senator Hayden has cotnmenc-
ed his six years service in "the
greatest deliberative body in the
world" under most favorable aus
pices. Twenty three of his former
colleagues in the House of Re-
rreSentatives are in the Senate
with him and he has the ad-
VANTAGE of their Friendship. That
the Senator's old friends have
not forgotten him was we'll de-
monstrated by a beautiful basket
of roses sent to his office on the
oneninp day of the session by
Hon. Homer P. Snyder of. New
York, former Chairman sof the
House Committee on Indian AT
fairs.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
EIks Christmas.........
Continued From Page y

pioneers.
Twenty children were outfittec
with shoes. underwear, sweaters
trousers, dresses, etc.
Altoeether twenty admits and
SEVENTY children were taken care
nt in verv subetantial manner.
Twelve blankets. six quilts and
fjv" $500 loads of wood were
nut out to the most reedy, also
two mattresses.
Thankinr the individual mem
hers for their most liberal res
ponse, we are,
Fraternally yours,
J. J. LOWE. Chairman.
t. M. SOTO. JR.
GEO. w. PARKER.
LEWIS PRICE.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
BASKETBALL TONIGHT

AS preliminary to the annual
winter schedule opening soon,
the Nogales High School basket
ball team will play the Tucson
General Cords at s o'clock Friday
evening at the high school gym
nasinm. Admission SO cents.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

States Senate reminds US of an
Old story that We heard SO long
ago we have forgotten the
source. A certain individual at
tempted to get in at a masked
ball without an invitation. He
tried the door six different times,
but was turned back each time.
Finally one of the bouncers be-
came angry, grabbed him by the
neck, and threw him out of a
second story window into the al
tey. AS soon as he had collected
the little senses he had he got to
his feet and remarked: "Huh.
they can't fool me. They don't
want me up there"
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
YOUNG WOMAN DIES

Mrs. B. B. Taylor, wife of a
cook at Camp Little, died Monday
and was buried Wednesday, Cha
plain Carter conducting the ser
vices. Mrs. Tay' or was born at
Vinita, Okla, 20 years ago. The
Carroon Mortuary had charge of
funeral arrangements.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
FIRE CUTS BAR

Saloon 141 in NogaTes. So
nora. owned by George Ahuge
and located on south Calle Elias,
wae Quilted by fire shorty after
$50 o'clock yesterday morrine.
Firemen from both Nogales. Ari-
zons- and Nogales, Sonora, fought
tie blaze.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
SEE NEW "CHEvIES"

C. C. Cheshire and Roy Cheshi-
re of the Cheshire Chevrolet
agent spent Tuesday at Ell Paso
where they got pre-view of the
rev Chevrolet models to be in
troduced January 1. They report
the new "Chevies" are a knock
out".
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

Mrs. A. L. Oxford, wife of the
new physician at Patagonia, was
a visitor here this week accom-
1anied by Mr.. and Mrs. R. c..
.arimore of Sonoita. The Oxfords
recently came to Patagonia from
Texas and Chicago.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
But Could That Keep 1, Cool?

Pat Pattersor says that when
he visited the city recent Y he was
walking down the avenue and no.
ticed a book store with an electric
fan operating in the window. The
weather was cold and he was at
loss to understand the reason
thereof. Clorer scrutiny soor solv-
ed the mystery, however. Much
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
No, Impossible

NO, ImpOSSlbIe
Sheriff Brown says that they
ale making such, wonderful pro-
gress with law enforcement in our
neighboring county to the north
that it won't be long before it will
be as dry as it was before pro-
hibition.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

William Glasson enjoyed Christ
mas here with his relatives, Mr..
and Mrs. William Glasson of this
city whom he has not seen in fiji
teen years. He left yesterday for
Bisbee where he has been work
ing for several years.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
BROW ME-
BROWSINGS

"Trial marriages are nothing
new," remarks in Noga es man.
Hasn't marriage always been
something Of trial"
Nogales international., 1927-12-30


Yuma-1927 cotton ginrings
here to December 1st were 1862
bales.
Tucson--Building permits is
sued here duri'',, Tevember total
ed $118, $50.
Duncan-Mount2in States Tel.
& Tell Company surveying for
new toll line from Gobe-Miami
junction to this place.
Wenden-Weden Copper Min
ing Company working 2 shifts
and pushing development. work
Yuma-Y Silver Mines Com
pany adds 2 175-ton daily capa-
city boiler steel teaching tanks to
/ local mil ing plant.
Winckenburg- Good chowings
found on 100 ard 90O-foNt levels
st Black Hawk mines Of Julian
Merger Mires, Inc.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
BEAUTIFUL WINDOW DISPLAY

Tho La Vile de Paris show
windows "~e ehowirer so,oe ver-,
nea"tlfnl disnlavs of what vii
he IN voo''a for WON, ors waar;no
apparel during>the coming year.
The display was arranged bv
h. B. Romero, advertising manag-
er of the store.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
REMEMBER THE POOR

The Ell -Paso Store on Christ
mas day, gave away 1000 pack
ages of foodstuffs to the poor of
10th Nogales, Arizona, and No
gales, Sonora.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
Maybe They stewed II

A young lady Of our acquaint-
ance wonders what the boys on
the Nogales football team did with
al the bacon they brought back
after their victories.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

Troy Ramsey, head OF the well
known Ramsey Grocery & Feel
Company at Elgin, was a business
visitor in the city Wednesday.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

Attorney Frank Hereford was
a visitor here Wednesday from
Tucson.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

Gene Sykes. we'll known vounq
business man. returned Thursday
from business trip to Magdale-
Ia.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

The Lowest Form of Wit
Dear Brownie: Didja ever hear
about the fella who called his girl
Portland because cement well?"
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
Mr.. ord Mrs. Carlcn f. Towne
spent Christmas at Douglas.
BURGLARS CAPTURED

The burglars who recently rob,
bed the Craig Pottinger home on
Liils street We're captured in No.
gales, sorora, but the articles
taken are still missing. There
were three "rateros', .(petty
thieves) in the party
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

The efforts of Mr.. Smith and
Mr.. Ware to get into the United
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
Yes. OF Course

Dear Brownie: Is a zebra white
with black stripes or black with
white stripes?
Stewed-ent.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
!loCa1AleWs
ELks OPEN HOUSE

The Elas Lodge will hold open
house New Years morning at its
Flubrooms on Morley avenue.
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

Mrs. R. 3. vinson and .dauoht-
~, Miss Abbie Pice. and Ny
Resser and dau~hter, wave viritor7
here Wednesday from Tucson
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

{ Denutv U. s. Marshal f. r.
ha'fant ar'1 Denuty Sheriff
'"Fn We're business visitors in
Tucson. -
Nogales international., 1927-12-30

of the window was devoted to a
display of Sinclair Lewis. recent
book: ''Elmer Gantrv".
Nogales international., 1927-12-30
Nogales To Boom ;.

CONTINUED from page II
The Washington times., 1927-11-07
COLDS THAT
DEVELOP INTO
PNEUMONIA

Persistent coughs and colds lead
to serious trouble. You can stop
them now with Creomulsion. an
anukified creosote that is pleasant
20 take. Creomulsion is new
medical discovery with two-fold ac
ton: it soothes and heals the in.
famed membranes and inhibits
germ growth.
OF all known drugs. creosote is
recognized by high medical author
tiles as one of the greatest healing
agencies for persistent coughs and
colds and other forms of throat
troubles. Creomulsion contains. in
addition to creosote, other healing
elements which soothe and heal tine
infected membranes and stop the
irritation and Inflammation, while
the creosote goes on to the stomach.
is absorbed into the blood, attacks
tbs seat OF the trouble and checks
the growth OF the germs.
Creomulsion Is guaranteed salts.
factory in the treatment Of per.
sistent coughs and colds. bronchial
asthma, bronchitis, and other forms
of respiratory diseases. and is ex.
cellent for building up the system
after colds or flu. Money refunded
If any cough or cold is not relieved
after taking according % directions.
Ask your druggist.
The Washington times., 1927-11-07
MUD
FILLING AIR

The price OF mud is reported to
have gone up in Arlington county
since H. B. Fields, sheriff, and A. C.
Clements, former sheriff, decided to
mix it up" in an old.time political
battle for the office of chief law
enforcing officer which will be ended
by the election tomorrow.
There are four candidates for the
office of sheriff but the other two
have not been heard above the din
furnished by the Fields.Clements
feud.
In an open letter to the Clarendon
Chronicle recently Clements let it be
known what he thinks of Fields.
Mr.. Fields typewriter has just
turned out a Scorching reply to the
Clements literary effort, in which he
AYERS that the latter statement is
just case of 1.-The pot calling the
kettle black"
Mr.. Fields names names and
asks his opponent pointedly "how
KUN" he didn't know that this
gambling house. and that Monte
Carlo, was running, when everybody
else did.
The Washington times., 1927-11-07
S. Park Gilbert Adive
Accented by Germany

BERLIN, Nov. Z. - While the
German press attacks s. Parker
Gilbert, agent general, for repara-
tons, for his note warning Germany
to curb her expenditures to meet
her war debts. in business circles the
note is accepted as reasonable ad-
vice.
Although the German government
has couched its reply to Gilbert 3
note in such terms as to make it
seem a rejection of all Of his sug-
gestions, it is again pointed out, as
it was pointed out in these dis
patches on Saturday. that the gov
eminent has in effect taken heed
of the warning by creating COM
mission for the purpose of reforming
administrative expenditures