The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-09-10
The Recent Developments in China
By TANG SHIN SHE
The Flight of Chang Kai-shek from Marking tc
Shanghai.

EhdhSHAl.
ALREADY for some time past the news from
IA China pointed to the approaching defeat of Chang
Kai-shek. Up to the last few days "The Times"
the official British organ reported that high off
GERS of Sun Chuan Fang had taken up quarters in
the foreign hotels of Shanghai for the purpose of
preparing fer the entry of Sun Chuan Fang's troops,
and there were even reports that Chang Ka-shek
and his staff were removing from Marking to
Shanghai. The flight to Shanghai ms, according
to all indications, to the preparation for the
entire retreat of Chang Kai-shek to his home in
Chekiang. According to the O. inon of ''The Times,
the Marking government has already ceased to exist
Who has delivered this crushing defeat to the
hitherto so victorious Napoleonic war-lord Chang
Kai-shek? According to the opinion of the press
the defeat is due to the ruler of Shantung, Chang
Tsung Chang who had been almost annihiated
and Sun Chuan Fang, who has gone from defeat
to defeat and whom even Chang Tso-lin pre-
pared only recently to abandon in favor of al
lance with Chang Kai-shek and Feng Yu Hsiang
Even at the beginning of july when Chang Kai-
shek from the Pukow- Tientsin railway line) and
Feng Yu Hsiang (from the Lunghai line) were
undertaking attack Shantung and an eminent
underground of the remainder of the troops of
Sun Chuan Fang, who held possession of the coast
district and important railway line of Shantung
went over to Chang Kai-shek, Sun Chuan Fang and
Chang Tsung Chang in the last stage of the
death struggle.
That these two generals should have recovered
and that so quickly, and today proceeding ag-
gressively and VIGOROUSLY against Chang Kai-shek
is, of course only to be attributed to the active aid
of the imperialists There are in China at present
over 100000 foreign soldiers. Owing to the tropical
heat these foreign troops almost all concen-
trated in the northern province of Shantung: the
Japanese being in Tsintao and the English in Wei
Hai-Wei. During their stay in this PROV
nce, the foreign troops have been engaged in most
active work. Sun Chuan Fang and Chang Tsung
Changes troops who had long been without any pay
and who, owing to lack of munitions, were almost
incapable Of fighting, were suddenly provided with
modern weapons and sufficient funds. That is the
solution of the riddle of their sudden recovery.
That the English supported their old lackey Sun
Chuan Fang against Chang Ka-shek who openly
sympathzes with Japan and France, is to be under
stood. But why Japan, even if it did not openly
support, favored Sun Chuan Fang's march on Shan
tung by agreeing without demur to England aid
ing Sun Chuan Fang is not clear at the first mo-
ment. closer view, however, reveals several rea-
for this action
1. On word-poltica scale: Japan hoped at the
Naval Disarmament Conference in Geneva to have
the opportunity of bringing about again the old
alliance with England against America in the Pacific
Ocean. 1t was probably for this that it sud
denly agreed to the division of China England
dominating the South and Japan the North of China
2. Japan had insisted the triple alliance
Chang Ka-shek, Chang Tso-lin and Yen Shi San, but
against alliance between Chang Kai-shel
and Feng Yu Hsang. 1t therefore endeavored to
prevent any common action on the part of Chang
Kai-shek and Feng Yu Hsiang in Shantung and
sought to prevent, even by open intervention
the sending of troops to Tsnan.
5. Japan had realized that Chang Kai-shek was
not capable of exercising sufficient power the
people, that he not able to suppress the
anti-Japanese boycott of goods in Shanghai and
South China That he had the will to do this is to
be seen from the official Japanese organ "Shun-
tien Shihpao" published in Peking, which wrote at
the beginning of July: "Chiang Kai-shek is against
the boycott of japanese goods. He stated in
speech: The sending of Japanese troops to North
China is not directed against u.s. but in the first
place against the Communists"
Chang Kai-shek nevertheless still dangerous
for Japan; perhaps more dangerous than Chang
Tsung Chang and Sun Chuan Fang For this rea-
son Japan was not sorry to reduction of the
power of Chang Kai-shek by the other side
Already before and Immediately after his open
treachery in the middle of April last, Chang Kai-
shek declared that it impossible to achieve the
abolition of the unequal treaties by revolutionary