Evening star., 1927-03-06

were organized so well they were able 10 pre-
vent the signing Of the Versailles treaty oy
China and went to overthrow their own
government, which was obviously seillng OUT
to Japan.
Following this victory the students went to
excesses which brought them into disrepute
but they have manifested their ability IN con
certed action several times since The most
notable the fiareup against the shooting
Of demonstrating Chinese students by BRUSH
police in Shanghai in May. 1925.
The Canton movement, which was then In
the throes of reorganization following the death
of DIR. Sun, Immediately took up the cause OF
the students. and a parade Of protest brought
on a clash between Chinese and foreigners
(mostly British in Canton, and another so
called massacre of defenselesS Chinese by for
egn machine guns took place. The result was
the drastic measures taken to kill the trade in
Hongkong by the Cantonese and the coming
together for a unified purpose of the student
movement of the north and the Nationalist
group Of the south.
X * * x
About this time organization ability, brought
to the Nationalist party by Michael Borodin
a Russian. who had been lent as advisor to
Or. Sun by Abraham Joffe, began to be evident
Local committees Tor Soviets) began to appear
and dominate local affairs in every county and
province in China, although more openly in
the south. The movement spread like wild
fire. The ancient Chinese secret societies, such
as the IflauS ana the Wnlte Lilies, III IIldHy
cases. transformed themselves bodily into
SovietS.
These societies are often called the Masonic
bodies Of China. They sprang up at least 1000
years ago and exist in every town and city
and are strongest in the south. It was their
support which made the TAPPING rebellion
such a menace in the middle of the nineteenth
century. They financed Sun Yat-sen in his
long campaign against the Manchu dynasty.
Disguised with political disruption since the
overthrow of the Manchu dynasty they had
withdrawn largely from political activity until
the new Nationalist propaganda recaptured
their imaginations.
X X * X
The cry of the new movement is China
for the Chnese'-"ab abolition of properties
which tend to make the white man regard him
self as a superior being in Asia"-"unifcation
of China" and economic development of China
with Chinese capital
Last October the reorganization of the new
Nationalist party took place in Canton. Dele
gates appeared from the locals in every prov
ince Of China. A commission of % members
was elected to be the supreme authority in
China. This, in turn, operates through an
inner COMMITTED" consisting now, for prac-
tical purposes of three outstanding PERSONAL
ties: r. V Soong, financial genius; Gen. Chang
Kashek military organizer, and the trusted
Russian, Michael Borodn, a superpropagan-
dist OF the part played by Russia at large
in building up this movement, supplying mill
tary trainers and protecting it from attacks
on the part Of northern China, will tell fully
in another article.
Because money speaks louder in China than
in any other country In the world, the contri
button of the Amercan-educated young fnan-
cial genius, Mr.. Soong, requires first mention
He is the son of one of DR.. Suns associates
in his early revolt against the Manchus His
father was killed and young Soong, who was
born in Shanghai. left the protege of DR..
Sum- Eventually Sun married Rosamond, elder
sister of Soong, who is very decided parsonage
herself. as shown by one proposal to elect her
president of the new united China. Soong was
sent to Harvard and after graduation from the
School Of Business Q917). he had training in an
international banking corporation in New York
X X X
Upon his return to China Dr. Sun put him on
the problem of the tangled currency in Canton
Province. At that time Canton money was
worth something like 40 cents on the dollar
Soong at once concentrated the entire finances
OF the province in one state bank of which he
a lad of 81 years, became president Later
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