davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

alone has a short line which, If eX-
tended would reach around the globe
at the Equator.
Fifteen ships today are engaged in
this tremendous task of making our
coastal waters safe for navigation.
When a vessel sets out to map the
billy bottom of the waters off Massa-
chusets it seeks primarily the same in
formation about the ocean bottom as
the land surveyor records when he
maps the Berkshire hills. Obviously
the sea surveyor, or photographer,
must use a different technique, be-
cause he cannot see the submerged
land ne surveys
The photographer gathers his data
by repeated soundings and, that these
may be of value. he must also know
the exact spot where each sounding
was made.
1t may take many soundin2s to
chart a square mile of the sea bottom.
Various types of leads and pressure
tubes are used In this field, 8 in
practically every other phase of its
work. the survey has invented a new
device which greatly facilitates its
work.
II an airplane flew over New York
lily, hIODiDlllS II ledu ever ilhiht
feet, it still might miss many sky
scraLers. Likewise in soundings
along some Jagged sea bottom areas.
the most careful soundings might miss
some extremely dangerous peaks. In
Alaskan waters for example, pinnacle
rocks jut up from the sea bottom a
hundred feet or more higher than the
Washington Monument.
The surveys wire-drag devices al
low no hidden menace to escape OBJ
servation. The drag consists of a
submerged wire, supported at inter
walls by buoys, and towed by two
/ launches. An obstruction above the
| depth at which the wire is set is
+, instantly discovered. Then the drag
is halted until the obstruction is 10.
Gated and recorded.
Sometimes this horizontal drag Is
| 4 or miles long, 50 that a system Of
signaling between the end launches
| had to be developed. Beside being
| 100 per cent efficient, which not even
the most painstaking soundings could
| be, the wire-drag is a time saver
! Twenty square miles was a good day S
work for sounding; O. square miles
can be easily covered with a Smile
long drag.
As stated. sounding is valueless fot
chart making unless one locates the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

SPOT where the sounding is made.
When shore objects are visible such
determination is simple enough by the
ordinary triangulation method OF the
surveyor. But the surveys ships de-
cline to idle away the hours of fog or
rain when shore marks are invisible
So a device was invented which util-
ICES the marvels of modern science.
X x X y
EVERY one who has an elementary
H. idea of his own radio is aware of
a new chapter in physics, that relating
to the wonders of rays. He knows
that a sound wave is a mechanical
wave that vibrates the ear drum; while
radio waves are HertZian waves in
the ether. Also that the latter are
different only in length from heat
waves, light waves and the invisible
Mays to the Millikan rays Of an
almost incredible number of waves to
the inch.
The Coast Survey has harnessed
these two kinds of waves, sound waves
and radio waves. to aid in distance
determination. 1t utilizes the time
it takes for sound to travel through
water to two points on shore. And
this is done by exploding a bomb at
celved through hydrophones at the
shore stations, where. on its receipt,
radio signals automatically are sent
back to the VC Ssel.
Not only the extreme delicacy Of
the instruments required but the COM
bination of two types of waves to work
together in recording the result stirs
the imagination.
In the days of tiny, slow vessels
a photographic survey was far simpler
than now. Huge vessels OF great
draft and high speed, and also sub
marines, call for deeper and more ac-
curate sea bottom surveys.
Tides also must be known to facili'
tate safe docking. TO record tides and
predict them the Survey has devised
instruments which perform with SEEM
ingly human intelligence.
The rise and fall of the tide is
recorded by self-registering tide
gauge. This apparatus is compare
lively simple, consisting of a clock
that moves a sheet of paper forward
at uniform speed and a float that
rests on the water. This float is ad.
lusted to move a pencil up and down
the paper so the combined motions
II paper and pencil produce curve
from which the height OF the tide at
any desired time can be read.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

connection between Europe and Amer
lea. Congress. IN despair of tying
on to Greenwich, created in 1850 a
separate American system, with line
through the Naval Observatory in
Washington as its basic meridian.
Morse's telegraph meant for an en-
tirely different purpose, carried the
solution of the problem in it's light
ning-like signals; and when, after
ward an Atlantic cable made electric
impulses possible between Greenwich
and Harvard University Observatory,
the New World was at last located"
Today radio is a major location finder.
More dramatic was a signal that
flashed from Boston TO San Francisco
when the first transcontinental tele-
graph wire was completed three years
later. The signal resulted in the push
ing of longitude lines on the Pacific
Coast farther westward. In effect the
touching of a telegraph key annexed"
to the United States strip of terri
tory about three quarters of mile
wide and more than 1000 miles long.
Few State boundaries are where
they are supposed To be, and their
positions will probably continue in the
wrong places. Not only are many
NOTUn ana SOutn lilies OUT VI pace
because of difficulty in determining
longitude. but few of the lines are
truly straight. Drawing a straight
line Is simple enough if it is to be a
few feet or even a few miles long;
but there are few tasks more difficult
than marking straight line on the
surface of the earth extending for
hundreds of miles.
The curvature of the earth causes
one set of difficulties. But much more
troublesome is the fact, to borrow a
slang expression. that surveyors
don't know straight up" Establish
ing a vertical line is the most funda-
mental step in surveying, and scien-
lists have discovered only two ways
to find even an approximate vertical.
One is by hanging a weight from a
cord; the other Is by finding a level
surface with a bubble and taking a
line perpendicular TO it.
Unfortunately gravity plays tricks
on both methods; for differences in the
density of rocks al different points de-
fleet both the plumb line and the
bubble of the spirit level. A really
accurate vertical, therefore, is never
surely indicated by any instrument.
and because of this a survey cannot
peg out perfectly straight lines for
any distance on the earth's surface.
When the boundaries of many States
and territories were surveyed Correc.
tions were not made for the detection
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18
Curious Storage.

THERE is practiced in Kashmir
in India, novel method of put.
ting fodder up for Winter use. The
country lies in a valley among the
Himalayas. The chief industry Of the
people consists Of raising fine wool
and in making this into fabrics which
nave carried the name of the country
all over the world
A curious custom in some places
is that Of hanging quantities of hay
up among the branches Of trees Why
this is done is more than the stranger
can guess, and he is much puzzled
until some native informs him that
in Winter the snow lies five and six
yards in depth. and that the supplies
of hay which as he now looks at
them seem only as If intended for
are then easily reached by
the hocks Of sheep which abound
there.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

tides, he still has currents to contend
with.
Now, there are currents and cur
rents. And their effects on naVl-
cation vary. There are the so-called
reversing currents, such as those in
Hudson and Chesapeake Bays; there
is the hydraulic type in straits con-
Meeting two bodies of water. illus
trated in East River, New York. and
the rotary type, found in open sea
and along coasts. There also of
course. are the temporary wind
driven currents. .
THE survey has been studying the
effects of the various kinds Of
currents. 1t found a startling fact
in regard to the simplest type, which
every one has observed, the wind
driven current 1t was assumed that
these currents progressed in the d.
rection of the wind which drove
them. Such is not the case. In
stead of setting with the wind, the
directions of the wind produced cur
rents, on the Atlantic Coast of North
America, are about 20 degrees TO the
right of the wind direction; those
on the Pacific Coast are about ID
degrees TO the right.
There is one other aid to shipping
the Coast Survey provides, which.
perhaps, is more fundamental than
Evening star., 1927-11-27

Storm-swept houses
on the south side of A
street between Thir-
teenth and Fourteenth
streets northeast. Most
of these houses had
their roofs completely
sheared off by the tor
nado. They form the
mass of debris in the
street.
9 Washington Star Photo.
Evening star., 1927-11-27

Alexandria, Va,
suffered heavily in
the storm. T his
shows automobile
wreckage dumped
onto the railroad
track, with the de-
molished walls of a
grain company's
plant in the back
ground.
@ Underwood e. Underwood
Evening star., 1927-11-27

The fronts of these frame
houses on Benning road
between Seventeenth and
Eighteenth streets were
sheared of as If by a giant
knife Washington Star Photo
Evening star., 1927-11-27

At left: T his big
bombing plane had sur
vived many gales in the
air. only to be badly
smashed up on the
ground as the tornado
struck the Naval Air
Station. International
, 1927-01-14

ANUARY 50. No Il
mutual benefit Of the United States
and IN Virgin ls.2n is;
NOW. THEREFORE,, I, Ellis
W0IIH II VAN PaLIEN, act
ing Governor 81 the Virgin stands
OF the Unite states. hereby direct
thl5 all activities Of the Govern
maat Of ne Vlrsu Islands ii the
Ua.ad Gates, except those neces-
sa.V s.. the puUic welfare, be sus-
ne .d4a on Friday, january 9th.
1927. and on the day 0f the funeral
to be announced later; that all Off
cial flags be displayed at malt mast
on all Civil Government buildings
co nmencing Friday, January 9TH,
1927. for a period of two weeks;
that the officials OF the Civil Gov
eminent of the Virgin Islands wear
a caage of mourning on the lett
arm midway between the shoulder
and elbow for a period Of two
weeks; and that q memorial service
be held in the Emancipation Tar
den in the town Of Saint Thomas,
Virgin Islands of the United States
on the day of The funeral at an hour
to approximate as nearly as posi-
bic the hour ait which the funeral
services Will be held in the United
States; and / do further earnestly
recommend that the people of the
Virgin Islands refrain from their
accustomed occupations on the day
of the funeral to be announced
later. to enable them to attend this
memorial service.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, have
hereunto set my hand and caused
the Seal Of the Government of the
Virgin islands of the United States
to be affixed.
Issued at Saint Thomas this sew
enth day Of January, 1927.
r. H. VAN PATTEN,
Acting Governor.
Get Your Raincoat
-v,,vrr,.-o 40 rN--
, 1927-01-14

BY THE ACTING GOVERNOR
OF THE
VIRGIN ISLANDS OF THE UNITED STATES.
A Proclamation.

2BEHEREAS, it becomes my sad
t3t83 daty to announce to the people
ss of the Virgin Islands of the
United States the death OF HIS
Excellency, Governor MARTIN 3.
TRENCH, in Worcester, Mass, at
11.Z0 9. m. Thursday, January 9Th,
1927, from bronchial pneumou4a
secondary to influenza;
AND WHEREAS, the late Gov
ernor Of the Virgin Islands has
faithfully and zealousIy served the
Virgin Islands since the 18th day Of
September, 1925, and was antici-
pating his return to the Islands at
the expiration OF his vacation in or
der that he might resume his duty
as the Chief Executive OF the VIr-
Gin Islands;
AND WHEREAS, the people of
the Virgin Islands have in the death
of Governor Trench lost a true
friend and an executive who was
ardent in his devotion to his duty
and who through friendly co-opara-
ton had looked forward to a long
and pleasant tour of duty for the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-11
DAVID |. WALSH SCORES
TENDENCY TO AUTOCRACl
Increasing Entertainments of Gov
eminent Noticeable in Last
% Years, He Says.
snecial Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch to The star,
BALTIMORE. March 11,-"America
is slowly drifting toward the princi-
pies of an autocracy and away from
those of democracy" Senator David
II Walsh of Massachusetts declared
iii a speech before the Kiwanis Club
here yesterday.
eff anything has been noticeable in
American life in the last quarter Of
a. century it is the increasing en-
croachments of the Government on
personal liberty. Many of us seem
TO be in the business of rivaling the
Almighty by the substitution of man
made laws for God given rights" he
said.
To-day we are seeing fierce at
tack within the Government on the
same inalienable rights which We're
proclaimed $50 years ago by the
Declaration of Independence-the
rights to live, TO seek happiness and
to enjoy our personal liberty.
f"It is not the business of the Gov
eminent to regulate private habits.
Public sentiment is moving only very
slowly toward the realization that
the duty Of governing bodies is to
guarantee the highest possible meas
ure OF personal liberty"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-11
BANKERS ORDERED
TO REPAY S767,SG5
Jury Renders Verdict Against
9 Directors of Institution
That Failed in 1923.
BIZ the Associated Press.

~ AAtS shHShNlHhSA AiNc0+
GENEVA. y. Y, March H.
Former Mayor Louis j. Licht and
eight other directors Of the Geneva
National Bank, which failed in 1928
today are confronted with payment of
$T67 1865 to stockholders of the institu.
tfDn. as directed in verdict returned
by a Supreme Court jury last night IN
GAnandaigua.
Payment may. come hard. it is gen
orally understood, AS several of the di-
rectors declared at the trial they
placed huge sums of their own money
at the banks disposal in vain effort
TO ward off failure.
Negligence Charged,
Stockholders charging negligence,
nlismanagement and making OF eX-
cessive and unlawful loans, sued the
directors for s1,500.000.
sIn the verdict of the jury. the GU
ractors were charged specifically with
falling to examine bank records as
members of the discount and eXamin'
ing committees of the bank.
sThey also were accused of failing to
discover alleged unlawful practices of
William j. O'Hanlon. president, when
the bank failed on October 6, 1923, un-
til notified by bank examiners of his
loans to the Maine Pulp & Paper Co.
of Schowegan. Nc, of which he also
WAS president.
Confidence in President.
sThey claimed to have implicit con
fidence in O'Hanlon's integrity. O'Han-
lon was not made a party to the suit.
lie now is free, after year in. the At
lanta. Ga, Federal Penitentiary, where
was sent on conviction in Federal Dis
tf-ct Court in May, 1924, of making
false reports to the United States
Comptroller of the Currency. lie also
was fined $4,000.
sThe suit was brought by business
men and bankers from all over west
ern New York
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-11
FILM PROBE APPROVED.
Australian House Agrees to Plan
III Offered by Bruce.

+ MELBOURNE, March il (R.-The
Australian House of Representatives
today agreed to Premier Bruce's mo-
don for appointment of a joint com
giaittee TO inquire into the Australian
motion picture industry, as result
of the film censor's severe criticism
of certain imported films.
The report shows that 649 feature
aald dramatic films were imported
from the United States in 1925, as
against "a from Great Britain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-11
lLEANA MAY VISIT ITALY.
Rumors of Possible Romance Grow
With Report of Trip.

BUCHAREST, Rumania, March IL
R).-Reports that Princess Ileana is
10 accompany King Ferdinand and
Queen Marie on a voyage TO Sicily the
end of this month or early in April
have brought a renewal of rumors
which last Fall connected her name
with that of Crown Prince Hunbert
of Italy in possible romance.
King Ferdinands health has so i'm
proved under recent radium treatment
that the specialists attending him say
Ire is able 10 travel. and probably will
draw much benefit from the effects of
Southern climate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-11
New York Collector
Pays $500 for II
Austrian Stamps

BY the Associated Press.
BERLIN, March 1l.-Thirty
thousand marks about $4,000, was
paid by a New York collector yes
terday for a block of Il yellow
mercury Austrian newspaper
stamps of the issue of 1851. the
auction was conducted by Heinrlch
Koehler. who refused to diVulSe
the purchasers name.
The yellow mercuries were FOUND
a year go by an Austrian off1clai
rummaging through old papers.
They were affixed to a package OF
newspapers addressed to Emperor
Francis Joseph, but either 1t was
never delivered or never opened.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-11
OLD SMITHY NOW GARAGE
Shop Where Washington Horse
Was Shod Is Modernized.

WATERTOWN. Mass. March IL
P).-If George Washington were to
take command of the Continental
Army again he would find the black
smith shop here where tradition says
his horse was shod on that famous
morning equipped to serve him in the
1927 mode,
The building used for more than
$50 years as "A smithys stand. until
lessening business caused it to close
it's doors last June. will soon reopen as
a garage.
The structure is built of hand-hewn
timber. held together in many places
by handpointed nails. Washington
halted there on his way to Cambridge
Inlv g. 1715.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-03-11
Gets Trade Post in Egypt.

Ralph B. Curren of Eau Claire,
Wis, was named assistant trade com
missioner at Alexandria. Egypt. to-
day. Mr.. Curren has been in the
New York Office of the Commerce
Department as a special agent.
The border vidette., 1927-05-14
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE
Nogales, Santa Cruz County, Arizona, Oct

Nogales. Santa Cruz County, Arizona. Octo-
23. 1926.
To Mrs. f. f. Allen formerly Mrs H. c..
Schough) her heirs assigns:
You are notified that have expended One
Hundred Dollars in labor and improvements
on the LIVE OAK mining claim recorded in
Book III, Page Is will appear by certificate
filed in the Office of the Recorder of said county,
in order to hold said mining claim under the
provision of Section 2324 Revised Statutes of
the United States, and paragraph 324s, Revised
Statutes of Arizona, being the amount required
to hold said claim for the year ending July Ist,
1896 And if WITHIN ninety (9o) days after the
first publication of this notice you fail or re-
fuse to contribute your portion portions of
such expenditure as co-owner your interest
i'll said claim will become the property of the
undersigned according to said Section 7324, and
said paragraph. H. T. RICHARDS
First publication October %, 1926. 3m
The border vidette., 1927-05-14

OF indebted ness or liability to which
the corporation is at any time to sub
ject itself is two thirds "a of the au-
thorized capital stock OF the corpora.
tion.
ARTICLE VIII EXEMPTION: Priv
ate property of the stock holders Of this
corporation shall at all times be exempt
from all the corporate debts of the cor
poration OF every kind and nature.
ARTICLE TX Ruby C. Barnes. hav-
ing been bona 6le ri sident OF Noga.
les. Santa Cruz county, Arizona, for
the last three years is hereby appoint
ed and made the lawful agent for and
in behalf of this corporation in and for
the State OF Arizona. to accept and 8c-
knowledge service of, and upon whom
may be served, oil necessary process or
processes in any action, suit or pro-
ceeding that may be had or brought
against the said corporation in any OF
the courts of said State OF Arizona:
such service OF process or notice, or the
acceptance thereof by her endorsed
thereon. to have the same force and
effect as il served upon the president
and secretary Of the company. This
appointment may be revoked at any
time by filing the appointment of an.
other agent.
In Witness Whereof, We have here
unto set our hands this the Goth day Of
April. 1925.
] c BARNES (Seal)
RUBY c. BARNES (Seal)
HARRY NARCOTIC (Seal)
STATE OF ARIZONA,
County of Santa Cruz
The foregoing instrument was ac-
knowled ged before me this Oath day of
April, 1926, by j. G. Barnes, Ruby G.
Barnes and Harry Narcotic.
ELBERr r. THURMAN,
Notary Public.
My commission expires May IL, 1928.
The border vidette., 1927-05-14

FARROW CHIX-From Ari
zOna'S largest and most modern
hatchery. January 24th thru
February delivery-White Leg.
horns SIS 90. Barred Rocks and
Reds $40 90 in 100 lots. Post
Paid. Big catalog free. D. T.
FARRoW CHTCRERIES, Phoenix,
Arizona. 1-1-tf.
The border vidette., 1927-05-14
III. ManInyentS New Ford
Gas Saver & Quick
Starter.


Walter Critchlow, 44O2-P ST.,
Wheaton, H., has patented a
new gas saver and quck starter
that beats anything ever gotten
out. With it on Fords show as
sc miles on l gallon. Other
makes do equally as we'll. This
new invention saves gas and oil,
makes Ford start instantly in
any weather and completely de-
carbonizes the engine. Mr..
Crichlow offers l free to adver
tise. Write him for one. He
also wants County and State
Distributors who can make $500
to $500 monthly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-02-06
u. S. TO ADOPT new
FLEXIBLE AUTO BODY
Now Being Used by 40 European
Manufacturers, Motor Engineer
Explains at Meeting.

Flexible fabric automobile bodies,
now being used by 40 European man
ufacturers, viii be adopted by Ameri-
can automobile makers at an early
date, according to III. Steinbrugge,
chief engineer Of one Of the com.
panies specializing in high-class mo-
tor car bodies.
Mr.. Steinbrugge described how the
flexible body is built with a skeleton
of wood and a covering OF imitation
leather at a recent meeting of the
Indiana section Of the Society OF Auto
motive Engineers
The flexible body Is built in a series
of paralleiograms, with a framework
of wood members Joined together by
plates OF cold.rolled steel. which gives
certain amount Of fiexibility at the
joints. Wood In contact with metal
does not squeak, said Mr.. Steinbrugge,
but IL desired, rubber pads can be
placed between the base Of the frame
and the members of the chassis frame
to which the body is bolted. Floor
boards and seats are bolted directly
to the chassis frame and are not at
tached to the sides or back Of the
body. Doors are built with flexible
Joints and have flexible hinges.
Manufacturing advantages men
toned are that all the finished parts
of the una ssembled body can be stored
or shipped In small space, the imita
ton leather can be cut in the desired
shapes I'm lots of Is to so at a time
with an electric cutting machine. the
bodies can be assembled progressively
by the chain system, no painting is
necessary, and models can be changed
frequently at slight expense.