davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

Eureka is the largest producer of
vacuum cleaners. It's production of
about 100000 cleaners is estimated at
q per cent of the entire yearly out
put. Its plant is being enlarged to
make 1000 machines day. Over 60
pSr cent of Eureka sales are on the
lrStalment plan.
Worth $16,SOO.
Stock dividends have been paid to
such an extent that each share in 1912
has since become $50 shares. Ac-
cording to The Wall Street Journal.
each 81 of original investment now
has a market value of around S16,8OO.
The corporations annual cash divi-
dend of 81 share means that the
original investor is receiving each
year 1000 times his original invest
ment.
The Eureka company looks upon
the 100000 homes now using cleo
trio power and the 100000 to be
added in a few years as a market
which will make its present profits
look small. Today about $500 900
homes are using vacuum cleaners.
About 51-2 cents out of each con-
sumner dollar spent for Eureka clean
ers goes into the company's profit
bag.
Quaker Oats.
Common oatmeal when sold under
the pure" Quaker trade mark turns
to gold for the benefit of Quakers
Oats stockholders. The company's
annual report shows a profit of ST.
140,232 after interest, depreciation,
federal taxes and generous reserves.
This gives the owners a return of
$13.46 on each share of stock.
The 100000 shares of common stock
are carried on the books at $1I,250,-
900 but at least $5,500,000 of this
represents stock dividends. SO the
common stock does not really repre-
sent an investment Of more than $5,-
100000 or about $12.75 share and
the 1926 profit is really a return of
more than 100 per cent
Wants TO Expand.
Quaker Oats has been steadily ex-
panding to become one Of the Wall
Street food trusts which intervene be-
tween farmer and consumer. In adj
dition TO the cereal bearing its name
it produces puffed wheat, Aunt
Jemima pancake flour, macaroni,
spaghetti and feed for stock. It owns
mills in the United States and Canada
as we'll as SO country elevators.
Coming Gold Out of Food.
Postum Cereal Co. is another Wall
Street food trust coming gold out of
the nations food products. It's 1926
report shows profit of S11, 317,442
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
Article III.
BY WILLIAM T. DUNE.

AFFILIATED to the All-Chinese
"A Federation (which in turn is affili-
ated to the Red International of La
Dor Unions) are such important bod
les of workers as the Shanghai Coun-
Gil of Labor Unions with 10000
members (this information is about
three months old and since the strug-
gle for and the fall of Shanghai, has
undoubtedly increased substantially
the Human Council of Labor Unions
with 10000 members, the Kwang-
tung Council of Workers Delegates
with 10000 members, the Hupeh
Council of Labor Unions with 10000
members, the Railwaymens Union
with $4,000 members, the All-Chinese
Union of Seamen with $4,000 mem
bers and the Hongkong Council of
Labor Unions.
THE rapid extension of the trade
union movement is shown by the
figures on the membership represent
ed by delegates TO successive con-
ventions of the All-Chinese Fedora
ton of Labor. At the first conven-
ton in 1924 the number of organized
workers represented totaled 100000.
At the second convention 100000
workers were represented and at the
third convention the delegates spoke
for more than 100000 Chinese trade
unionists. When it is remembered
that China is prodominantly an agri-
cultural country (about nine-tenths
of the population are agrarians) the
progress Of trade union organization
is nothing less than amazing. This
progress can be accounted for only
by the manner in which the struggle
for national liberation from imperial
list oppression, the struggle against
native militarism and feudalism which
is the political side of the problem.
have been combined with the strug
gle to raise the economic and cultural
level of the working class.
IN SPITE of the fact that the ad-
vance of the Peoples Armies from
the south, their continual victories
ending for the present period with
the sweeping of imperialism from
and crushing of militarism in the
Yangtze valley and the capture of
Shanghai, would have been impos-
sible without the cooperation and sac
rifices of the labor movement, its
rapid rise made still clearer the So
cial cleavage among the forces which
compose the Peoples Party (Kuomin-
tang) and brought on the internal
struggle which ended in a victory for
the left wing composed of the Com
munists, certain sections of the stu
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

after fixed charges and federal taxes.
This gives the owners a return of
lS771 on each share of common stock.
Postum Cereals 1,467,36 shares of
common stock are carried at $7,941,-
l42, giving them a value of little more
than SIS share. This would make
the years profit about $50 per cent.
But as there is also a stock dividend
of 100 per cent in 1923 to be taken
into account it appears that the own
ers of Postum Cereal in 1926 took a
profit of about 300 per cent on their
Investment.
In addition to Postum, well-known
products of this company include
lGrape-Nuts, Posts Bran Flakes and
more recently Jell-O. The operating
profit Of the company absorbed %
cents out of each 81 paid for its pro-
ducts at wholesale.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
CalvertOn Will Debate
Kelly Miller On Church

The Messenger Forum, recently
established by The Messenger Mag
azine of New York City, has arranged
debate on the subject "Does Ortho-
dox Christianity Handicap Negro
Progress" between Prof. Kelly Miller
of Howard University, Washington,
D. c. and Mr.. V. F. Calverton, editor
Of The Modern Quarterly, Baltimore,
Md. Mr.. Calverton holds that it does
and Prof. Miller contends that it does
not.
The sponsors of the affair have
scheduled the debate for Sunday,
April oath, at 2:3O P. M. so as to
enable Sunday excursionists from
Washington and Baltimore to attend.
The debate is to be held in Community
Church, oath St and Park Avenue, in
New York City.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
The Chinese Liberation Movement Goes to the Left
(he ACna Federation of Labor-The Struggle
Between Left and RIGHT in the KuOmntangl

dents, the labor unions and peasant
organizations.
This struggle was all the sharper
because of the victories of the Peo-
pies Armies which brought new ele-
ments into the party and gave rise
to new and complicated political pro-
blems both in the south and in the
provinces liberated from the militar-
lists.
The representatives of the labor
unions came into conflict with the
middle class elements in the Kuomin-
tang for three reasons:
I IN the strike movements which
- took place following the victories
Of the Peoples Armies, and which
were directed principally against for
eign enterprises, the workers never
theless had to struggle against Chi
nese capitalists who were either mem
bers or supporters of the nationalist
movement. This created situation
whose difficulties and contradictions
are obvious. These contradictions
were sharpened by the attitude of
the right wing members of the party
committees who in some instances
took the side of the Chinese bosses
against the workers.
= THE attitude of the right wing
L. toward the peasantry in many
instances was such that the peasants
were losing faith in the Kuomintang
tendency which would have sealed
the fate of the liberation movement
had it been allowed to develop on a
national scale.
AS has been said the Chinese lib
GRAFTON movement by the very fact
of the overwhelming preponderance
Of oppressed peasant elements in the
population is a peasant revolution.
The right wing of the Kuomintang
failed either to realize this or in
other instances was opposed to draw
ing the correct conclusions from it,
/. e. that the struggle against the
landlords, usurers ETC., must be led
by the Kuomintang, that the Kuo-
mintang must take as a major part
of the national struggle the liberation
of the peasantry from Chinese ex-
ploiters as well as the imperialists.
IN A number of sections where the
wealthy rural classes had joined the
Kuomintang latter discovering that
they could not fight the peasant
masses successfully while appearing
as known enemies Of the national lib
GRAFTON movement) the right wing
leaders failed SO completely to take
the side of the peasantry against re-
dictionary organizations like the Ming
Tuan formed to fight the peasants
and uphold the rule of the wealthy
elements) that the peasants turned
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

against the Kuomintang government
What is meant to the national lib
Grafton movement to lose the conf
dence Of the peasantry will be under
stood clearly when it is known that
as early as 1925 in "a districts of the
province of Honan there were 100000
members of the RED Lances"-peas-
ant defense organizations.
The Kuomintang Second Army was
defeated by WI Pei Flu because the
peasants had lost confidence in the
right wing leadership of the Kuomin-
tang.
THE class struggle in the villages
and countryside was becoming
more acute, the Kuomintang was los
ing influence among the peasantry
in exact proportion as it failed to aid
it in this struggle and it failed to
aid the peasantry in the struggle in
exact proportion to the influence of
the right wing in the government.
Since the right wing leadership was
endangering the whole movement the
left wing had to act. 1t secured con-
troll of the Kuomintang and conse-
quently of the government at a spe-
cial conference and Wan Ching Wei,
the leader of the left wing and the
most skilful organizer in the party,
was brought back into the central
committee Of the party.
2 THE right wing did not want to
~ use the economic struggles of the
workers as part of the revolutionary
fight against imperialism nor did it
wish to have the army directly under
the control of the leading committees
Of the party It's idea of the army
as separate and apart from the rest
of the movement was a continuation
of the old militarist policy and against
the interests Of the mass movement.
In number of cases this arbitrary
conception of the role of the army
created great friction between it and
the mass of the population and weak
ened the will of the workers and
peasants to support the military wing
of the movement.
THE left program adopted at the
special conference likewise correc-
ted this grave error and resulted in
raising greatly the morale of both
the soldiers and the masses when
given practical application.
The Chinese liberation movement,
relieved of the dead weight of control
by elements ready to sacrifice the
interests of the workers and peasants
for temporary compromise with
imperialism and its agents, launched
the great drive which has made so
much recent history and this in turn
released reserves of forces which the
right wing had been afraid to call
upon.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
NEGRO RENTAL AGENTS EXPLOIT OWN RACE
In OVERCROWDED HARLEM; LANDLORD WINS

pants. After a hasty superficial
cleaning, the new colored tenants
move in. Today in an area bounded
roughly by the Harlem River, Morn
ingside Heights and 125th street,
thousands of workers are crowded.
Homes Overcrowded.
In order to meet the outrageous
rents Harlem has taken to dodgers.
The majority Of homes are filled with
roomers. Both moral and physical
evils have followed in the train Of this
crowding and lack Of privacy
In an endeavor to force lower rents,
necessary repairs, proper service and
periodic renovation, the colored work
err has had recourse to the courts.
The Washington Heights court cal
endar is crowded with rent cases.
Families Disposscssed.
Negro agents appear here and ar
que against reducing the rents of
poor colored mothers. They get writs
to dispossess families where the wage
Garner is temporarily out Of work.
By offering the bait of more rent, the
Negro agent gets start in the bust
ness. By keeping down expenses for
his boss this lackey keeps his foot
hold.
The South has long had a parasitic
class of Negro landlords in every
large city. These persons lived on
rentals from ramshackle wooden
houses. Now, here in Harlem, we
have growing class of colored land
lords and realtors who are living easy
off the labor and misery of the work
ing masses.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
WORKERS PARTY OF DISTRICT 2 PROPOSES
TO SOCIALISTS A UNITED FRONT ON CHINA

In an effort to secure a united pro-
test against American intervention
in China, the Workers Communist
Party, District ,, has addressed a
message to the Socialist Party Con-
vention in this city.
Pointing out the danger of war to
further Wall Street and Standard Oil
interests and protesting against the
slaughter Of peaceful Chinese citizens
in Marking, the message urges
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

united front in the fight against
American Imperialism.
That the United States recognize
the Nationalist Government, that Il
withdraw its marines and gunboats
from China that it keep out Of war
to protect British interests in the Far
East are some of the demands voiced
in the message.
The letter was sent by the Exec
utive Committee Of the District and
signed by William Weinstone.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
(By COlored Worker Correspondent
Labor Journalism Class. Workers
School


Negro rental agents have been a
vicious factor in the Harlem housing
situation from the start. They prey
on colored workers, taking advantage
of the limited housing area available
for this group to force rents up.
In New York, as in other cities, the
great crowd of Negro workers are
massed in undesirable sections. The
Harlem agent saw in this social ban a
chance for money making. His meth
cd is simple and always the same.
He looks for an owner eager for big
ger profits.
IF you will turn out your white
tenants and let me put in colored
people, / will get you three dollars
more room,' he urges.
Landlords Greed.
This bait always works. Harlem
rents have been kited sky-high by this
sales talk. Prejudice on the part Of
landlords against Negroes melts away
before their greed.
Oldfashioned, rat-ridden, rundown
tenements are filled with colored ten
ants as fast as enterprising hustlers
can find such places. Colored people
sometimes move in without repairs
being made. The colored agent who
insists on the slightest rights for the
tenant is a rare bird. His boss is the
landlord.
House after house in the district
has been emptied of its white occu-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
BrOaduOay Briefs

Fiesta" Michael Colds drama of
the Mexican revolution will open to-
night at the SIND Street Theatre.
A testimonial performance will be
given at the Mansfield Theatre Sun
day night, April "a, in honor of Os-
sip Dymow, who celebrates his
twenty-fifth anniversary as an au-
thor. The program will be all Rus
sian to be presented by leading play
ers of the Russian AMI Yiddish stage.
Murray Phillips, a theatrical cast
ing agent will present Zone Glorious
Hour" an adaptation from the Ger
man Of Gerhardt Falkenberg, at the
Selwyn Theatre April ID. Ulrich
Haupt is directing the play.
Lady Do" will not open next Mon
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
Education on the Const.

Los ANGELES.-We are going to
try it again!
That is to naugurate Sunday night
lectures under the student and scholar
and popular lecturer, Robin E. Dun
bar, who viii lecture on Recent Rev
dictionary Men and Events" starting
with Joseph Stain and the Opposi-
ton Bloc, going on with Lenin and
Leninism; Marx and the Paris Com
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

day as previously announced, but
cones to the Liberty on April Is.
Arthur Hohl will play the leading
role in "Wall Street." a new play by
James n. Rosenberg, which the Sta
gers will present here the week of
April Is.
When Pirandello's Fright You Are
If You Think You Are" is presented
at the Garrick Theatre for regular
evening performances next Monday,
Clare Eames, Winifred Hanley, Char
les Carbon and Leigh Lovel will en-
ter the cast. Miss Eames supplants
Laura Hope Crews, who will appear
in "Mr. PIN Passes By" and "The
Silver Cord;" Miss Hanley supplants
Elizabeth Risdon; Carbon and Lowell
have the roles of the brothers for
merly played by Philip Leigh and
Colin McLaren, and Mr.. Leigh will
take over the part Of the butler, ac-
ted before by Maurice McRae.
Rex O'Malley and Anlcolm Will
Hams, J. c. Nugent, tTatricia Col
hinge and Cyril Keightley make up
the cast for "The Comic" the COM
edy from the Hungarian of Lajos
Luria which goes into the Mayfair
Theatre April Is. The English YER
sion is by James L. A. Burrel and
Lawrence R. Brown.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

hume; The Chinese Republic, win It
go Bolshevik? and other contempor-
aneous subjects that are sure to prove
interesting under his scholarly direc-
ton. Questions will follow each lee
ture. He will give these lectures thru
out the district.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06
EUREKA VACUUM CLEANERS, QUAKER OATS, ALSO
POSTUM CEREALS BRING IN THE SHEKALS
By LELAND oLDs Federated press)

no" the vacuum cleaner extracts gold from old
Eureka
$187997 of
the company when it founded in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

BUY THE DAILY WORKER i
AT THE NEWS STANDS
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-04-06

day as previously announced, but
cones to the Liberty on April IS.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-08-03

the union within the boundaries of given railway line
over distance of from 900 1000 kilometres. Such
committees there &C. with total of TAO people
ing them.
The line committees are elected by line meetings,
while the delegates to such meetings elected by the
general meetings of workers and employees at their
places of work. in the various workshops, etc The line
committees elected for period of IS months.
Thus the whole of the active body of membership in
the Rawaymens Union of the Union of Socialist Soviet
Republics on AprilMay 1926 together with the district
and line committees, comprised nearly 100000 members
of the union whilst the total membership of the Rail-
waymens Union at the time of the Eighth Conference
of the RallWaymen (Aprl 1920 stood at 9260O0 This
figure given at the conference preliminary
and after statistical analysis the real membership of
the union on April l. 1926 was established at $4,000
In addition the line organizations for the purpose
of rendering efficient service to the national
and outlying districts of the Federated Republics there
exist the Bureau of the Central Committee and the Ma
tonal Central Bureau, g. the Ukrainian and on
All these organizations, beginning with the local
mttees and ending with the Bureau of the Central Com
mittee and the National Central Bureau guided by
the central committee of the union elected by the All
Union Conference, whose delegates elected by the
general meetings of members at the places of work. at
depots, railway stations, etc.
From the above data it follows that the whole struc-
ture of the Ralwaymens Union of the Union of Social
list Soviet Republics is based exclusively upon the broad
principle of election OF the union organs from top to
bottom at the respective conferences and general meet
ings.
Each organ of the union carries independent actv-
ity its SCALE the grounds of the instructions
given by the higher organs and of the decisions of the
respective conferences and general and delegate meet
ings.
Each organ of the union has the right urge views
before the higher organs until such time as decision
shall be given by the higher organ upon controversial
question: but such decision is given, it must
be implicitly carried out by all the organs of the union
1t that all the organs of the Union from top
bottom built upon the principle of democratic CEN
traism in all their activity they observe the strict
subordinaon of the lower organs in regard to those
above them, in other words each higher organ has
the right to abrogate decision adopted by the
subordinate to it, if the latter be found be in
dicton to the instructions given by the higher
of the union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-08-03
Dusts and Labor and Health

All industrial dusts harmful if inhaled frequently
and in large amounts.
The stone, flint, emery dust injuries cuts with it's
sharp edges sngs with its pointy ends Dust of fur
WOOL cotton hair feathers felt leather paper tobacco
wood rritae sufficiently lessen the resistance of the
disease Even flour dust although mild irritan will
provoke catarrhs Consumption is often direct in
direct result of constant dust breathing.
Some dust beside their irritating effect as dusts are
also poisonous and general poisoning instance
lead dust which is found in very many industries, but
especially in white lead factories.
Coal such is harmless but it's dust among miners
and shoveers is harmful because it becomes mbedded
the lungs and often destroys it's tissue Sandblasting
extremely dangerous in spite of the masks which the
workers using for their protection Less harmful
but still very risky is the dust from bricks marble tiles
erracotta Serious respiratory diseases due to the
inhalation of filings of iron and other metals. Emery,
used in grinding and in making Of polishing paper, is
of the strongest irrants of the nose throat air
pipes, lungs and the Although exhaust sys-
TENS in less perfect way-eften very imperfect
use the mortality from lung tuberculosis among
all kinds of grinders is very high Cement production is
also very dusty industry, but it is somewhat less
furious than the preceding
Ashes, Notwithstanding their fineness, do not fail to
rritae the organs of those who inhale them
cessanty but the whole to lesser than other
dusts Ashcan collectors of the city Street Cleaning De-
partments, although much exposed to this of dust
less in danger than would be expected because
the open air in which they work
There is almost industry without its peculiar dust
It's harm could be mnmized by the adoption of all the
modern safety engineering devices made for preventive
purposes and by shortening the hours of work Organ
lied labor should study the dust question: educate it's
members demand the proper safeguards and insist
much shorter work days in the particularly hazardous
trades--Dr. B. Liber in Rational Living.