davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1927-10-05
More Uses for Cotton.
rom the Charleston Post.

Srom the Charleston Post.
The Federal Department Of Com.
merce has at last established unit 10
Investigate new uses for raw and man
ufactured cotton, which is something
it should have done long ago. "A year
or so ago cotton manufacturers agreed
that there must be some orsahlZeu
effort to open up new markets Tor COT
ton, and the attention now given by
the Commerce Department to the SUP
iect is perhaps one of the fruits OF the
agitation then begun. If the new
Government division, which has been
placed under a former cotton manu-
tacturer, is given sufficient scope ana
financial support, it should be able 10
perform service of great value 10 me
cotton industry. While the Commerce
Department uses somewhat astonlsh'
ing language when it speaks OF the
"relatiyely small demand for cotton
manufactures" it is nevertheless true
that the present demand is insufficient
to take from the growers normal
cron each season at reasonably pront-
able prices.
The great number Of uses, moreover.
TO which cotton can be put makes II
rea easonable to believe that Govern
ment unit devoting it's time to this
subject can open up channels or dls-
tribution that will add materially to
cotton markets available to the grower
and the manufacturer. The size OF
the cotton crop and it's relative i'm
portance among the products of the
Nation-an Importance too little un.
derstood by people outside of the cot
ton States-entitle those interested in
cotton to the strongest possible sup
port Of governmental agencies, and
Evening star., 1927-10-05
THIS AND THAT


nowhere" is likely to prove a stun
bling block to him, to crop up con-
stantly to embarrass him at odd mo-
ments.
We hope no innocent reader here
will hereafter experience any difficulty
| when he comes to that perfectly inno-
cent but sometimes puZzling word
nowhere. And certainly not such as
beset the pupil in the old story who,
when teacher wrote the sentence,
God is now here" insisted on read
ing the last two words as one.
In an idle moment recently we
jotted down the word 'manslaughter." ."
and in doing so left q slight space be-
tween the "s' and a." which, with
, the addition Of a possessive mark,
shortly gave:
Mans laughter.
There is an old saying to the effect
that laughter lies close to tears. SO
it may be said in this instance that
mans laughter is merely manslaugh-
ter, in linguistic sense.
Those who daily handle words come
upon many curious juXtapOsitions, and
it is both an amusing as well as inter
esting occupation to note them down;
otherwise they are swiftly forgotten,
being but whimsical twists of our Ian
guage and only to be noted by those
who have an eye for such things.
Take the word ''shoestring," for in
stance. composed of the singular
'shoe" and string" Yet the combi-
nation certainly makes the plural
shoes" so that if one in reading the
word "shoestring" happens to see it as
plural he must read it "shoes tring."
Let him but read it several times as
'shoes tring," it will always be so to
him.
The typewriter, with it's arbitrary
arrangement of letters, in the so-called
standard keyboard, allows for curious
mistakes in writing, especially by per-
sons who are not experts in tipping.
"One-finger artists" as those are
called who picked up the typewriter
by selfinstruction, find themselves in
variably writing certain word incor-
rectly.
The present writer is just as likely
as not to write wlak for walk and
"gilr' for girl" The second may
be explained by the fact that the
letter "l' on the keyboard is near Il, >"
but this offers no reason for "wlak."
Probably the explanation of this
error is that of haste, the eye being
faster than the hand, and therefore
jumping to the third letter in walk, -
the letter a." before the hand can
execute the second, "a"
The study of these curious slips in
reading and writing offers way to
pep" up the study of language, both
to the student and to the mature per-
son who is always a student. (There,
by the way, we just made another one
the word always" We wrote
"wlays," favorite transposition.)
AS stated, it is necessary to note
them down IN writing Immediately
upon discovery, as they are very easily
forgotten, especially the peculiar twist
which makes them interesting. One
cannot trust to his memory to recall
them.
The writer has a leaflet full of them
somewhere, but, being unable to place
his hands upon it, has been forced to
content himself with just a few of
the samples which he might offer if
his filing system were better. This
column will be interested in receiving
other samples of such word curiosities.
Evening star., 1927-10-05

Did you ever look at word so long
that it became absurd to you?
The other day we happened to be
reading a catalogue put out by Bunk
and Company with the "and" written
out, just so-"and."
For some reason we happened to
concentrate on the connective. Bunk
and Company" was what it said, but
the way we read it was Bunk AND
Company"
The longer we looked at "AND, "
the sillier it got, until shortly it be-
came totally without meaning, a mere
tumble of incomprehensible letters.
The same may be done with any
word whatsoever. BY concentrating
upon it steadily for several seconds,
a word comes. for the time being, to
lose its hard-earned meaning.
Words, of course, were never meant
for such minute examination. They
must be taken for what they are,
with the meanings given to them by
the centuries, and not subjected to
microscopic examination.
At it's worst a word is nothing but
a certain combination of sounds. with
very slight changes making all the
difference in the world. At it's best, a
word may Indicate the highest
thoughts and aspirations of man.
X X X X
The adverb nowhere" meaning in
no place or state, commonly is spoken
correctly by the youngest child, but
may easily be miSpronounced if one
happens to get a certain twist to it.
A person may be reading aloud. for
instance. He may be what is known
as a good reader; may even take
pride in his ability to read from the
printed page with some approxima-
ton of speech.
Usually one is able to tell instantly
whether a person is reading from a
book or letter by the infections of the
voice. There are very few persons,
indeed. who can prevent a certain self
consciousness from entering their
voice when they read, but who easily
enough are able to speak with perfect
naturalneSs.
There is never any difficulty in lis
tening to one speaking over the radio
to know whether the speaker is read
ing from a paper or speaking from
memory. Even the trained announcers
give themselves away to the radio
audience when they read from a
printed slip the praise Of the product
now about to be heralded in song.
To get back to that curious word
nowhere"
One is reading aloud and comes to
that word. Never before in his life
has he ever pronounced it any other
way than properly. but today. for
some curious reason, probably based
on self-consciousness, he suddenly sees
it as a mere combination Of two other
good words, nov" and here"
Reading rapidly, he so pronounces
1t now here" Then, realizing that
he is wrong, looks at it again, posi-
lively sees it to he now here" and
so says it over again.
Some one "hee-haws."
The thing is ridiculous, the reader
realizes. Yet for the life of him he
can say it in no other way except
now here"
Finally he comprehends that the
word is the old. reliable nowhere, !"
so he glibly glides over it and goes on
his way.
But forever afterward the word
Evening star., 1927-10-05
No Basis for a Quarrel.

II Is unthinkable that any serious
misunderstanding can arise between
France and the United States over
tariff schedules. 1t can arise only II
the French government has deluded
itself into the belief that by threaten
ing this country with a club 1t can
break down our tariff policy. And
surely the ministry at Paris cannot be
suffering from any such delusion.
When this Republic was young and
weak and France was relatively much
stronger than it is today, the United
States successfully resisted attempts
at French coercion, and Millions 1or
defense but not cent for tribute!
became a national rallying cry. II the
French government could not intimi.
date John Marshall and Charles Cotes-
worth Pinckney more than hundred
years ago it is not likely to succeed
in intimidating Calvin Coolidge and
his advisers in the present instance.
1t is true today, as it was In the
earlier day, that there is a. body OF
sentiment in this country which
favors yielding to French demands
but that body is no more representa-
tive of American sentiment now than
it was then. Certain public men and
newspapers who always are opposed
to the American protective tariff have
seized upon the French episode in an
effort to make political capital OF 1t,
but they are poor judges of American
psychology. When the tariff Is re-
vised it will be in the interest OF the
American people, not at the behest
Of or in the interest of any foreign
power.
The United States does not want to
quarrel with France over the tarln
and there can be no quarrel unless
there Is In Paris a deliberate deter
mination to provoke one. To the
American mind the issue seems ut
terly simple, however much 1t may
be befogged in France. The American
tariff does not discriminate against
France. The French tariff does dis
criminate against the United States.
French goods come into this country
on an exactly equal footing with the
goods of all other countries. All this
country asks Is that American goods
shall have equal treatment in France.
If France wants to impose 400 per
cent increase in her impost tax, that
Is her business and we shall have no
complaint so long as all importers
are required to pay it. 1t is the dis
elimination only against which com.
plant is made.
The Republican party could ask no
better fortune than that the Demo.
Gratis should go before the country in
the next campaign with demand for
a reduction in our tariff rates on the
ground that they have resulted in dis
eliminating reprisals from France, or
threaten us with such reprisals from
other nations.
Evening star., 1927-10-05
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

anent the 1928 Republican presiden-
tial nomination, is being described as
a Damon and Pythias concord. Less
generally known is the close bond of
friendship that unites Gen. Dawes and
an eminent Democratic presidential
possibility-Owen D. Young of New
York a Democratic comrade of
Young's has just assured this observer
that if Dawes should be the Republi-
can nominee, Young under no circum.
stances would consent to run against
him, The Dawes-Young entente cordi-
ale was cemented when the two men
were together on the German Repara-
tions Commission. Some say the
plan. The Vice President, be it said
in passing, has always been generous
in praise of Young's services at Ber-
lin. One of the passions they share.
in addition to pipe-smoking, is a love
of rare old books. Both are collectors
and frequently get together to COM
pare notes.
Next year will be lhe third presi.
dental election in when women have
voted, yet no daughter of Eve has
launched a White House boom for
herself. There are about as many
woman voters in the United States as
there are men. Incidentally, there
are about as many female vote
slackers as there are vote-dodgers of
the other sex. One of these days,
woman politicians assert, some out
standing representative of their
species will develop a presidential bee
that will buzz across the country.
The new biography of Gov. AL Smith
suggests that if the New Yorker
makes the White House, the Nation
will have its first woman cabinet
minister-Mrs. Henry Moskowitz.
Mrs. Moskowitz, social service work.
er by profession. is one Of the real
powers in the Smith high command
at Albany. There's no one, man or
woman, upon whom the governor re.
lies more confidently than Mrs. Mos.
kowitz. She is a national authority
on labor problems and a skillful poll
tician.
Ever since the National Cathedral
at Washington became the resting
place of the remains of Woodrow VIII.
son and George Dewey, men inter-
ested in the great new Cathedral of
St. John the Divine, on Morningside
Heights, New York, have aspired to
make it the repository of the bodies
of other distinguished Americans.
Word reaches Washington that an
effort is in prospect to persuade the
family of Theodore Roosevelt to trans
fer his remains from Oyster Bay to
a noble tomb in the Cathedral of
fCopyright 1927
Evening star., 1927-10-05

There were many new developne7ts
in medicine and in hygiene. In Ger
many much of the research was di-
rected to the production of substitutes
for articles that could not be.imported.
@. Please define a spy.-C d.
A. The principal characteristic Of
this offense is clandestine dissimula.
ton of the true object sought, which
object Is an endeavor to obtain infor-
nation with the intention of commu-
nicating it to the hostile party.
Q. If a person faces a card while
the dealer is distributing the cards in
auction bridge, what is the penalty?-
NJ. II. S.
A. If any player, except the dealer.
touches a card during the deal and
thereby causes a card to be faced.
making new deal compulsory, thu
SIDE opposed to such player may add
90 points to its honor score.
Q. How much did the amphitheater
at Arlington cost?-D. w.
A. When completed, this lovely
marble amphitheater cost $3.50, 900,
Q. Is all or part Of the human
brain the seat of consciousnesso-T.
W. z.
a. The cerebrum, or, more narrow.
ly, the gray matter of the cerebrum.
Is usually regarded as the seat of
consciousness
@. In which States do most Of the
immigrants arriving in the United
States settle?-M S.
a. The compiled statistics for the
fiscal year ended June 80, 1927, show
that California will check up a gain
or 26,O29 new residents from immisra.
tion. Illinois. through the same
source. received 20,723 new residents.
Massachusetts found 25,907 newcom.
ers within it's borders. and Michigan
expanded by 2S,104. while New Jersey
registered 1903 gained by immigra-
ton. New York, the banner State in
the Union as a rendezvous for immi-
grants intending to settle there, finds
1864 potential citizens to add to it's
teemlng millions. Pennsylvania
claimed 20,097 of the new arrivals.
Texas, which is exceeded only by the
Empire State in the number Of immi.
grants that find homes within its
portals. has 43,139 strange residents
from other lands, mainly Mexico, to
care for.
Q. When was smallpox first known
in America?-W. f. B.
A. The Spaniards brought smallpox
to America early in the sixteenth CEN
tury. 1t appeared first in Santo Do.
mingo. three years later in Mexico,
when it destroyed 5000 900 people, nd
thence spread with frightful severity
over the New World.
Q. How did the Ohio River get it's
name?-A. r.
A. 1t is derived from the Seneca
Indian 'hee-yah," meaning beautiful
river"
There is no other 00ency in the
1cortd that can dnsUer as mdny le1iti-
mate questions as our Free Inform1-
ton Bureau in Washington, d. c.. This
highly organized institution has been
built up and is under the persona,
direction of Frederic j. HasEin. BIZ
keeping in constant touch 1cith Fed
erdl bureaus and other educational en-.
terprises. it is in q position to pass on
to you authoritative information of the
highest order. Submit your queries
to the staff of erperts 1chose services
are put at your free disposal. There
is no charge ercept 2 cents in stamps
for return postage. Address The EUe-
ming Star Information Bureau, Fred
eric j. Hdskin, Director, Washington,
d. c.
Evening star., 1927-10-05
Motorist Responsibility.

Proponents of compulsory insurance
for motorists in the District will be
heard tonight at a conference under
the auspices of the police and fire pro.
lection committee of the Washington
Chamber Of Commerce. The cham
ber committee has already Endorsed
insurance for every automobile own.
err. but at a meeting Of the board Of
directors Of the organization recently
it was decided that a further investi'
CATION should be conducted before
formal action by that body. It is for
this reason that the committee de-
termined to hold public hearings on
the question to the end that both pro.
ponents and opponents could give ex.
preston to their views.
The, belief that every automobile
driver should be responsible for his
acts, either through his own re.
sources. through voluntary insurance
or compulsory insurance, Is rapidly
gaining momentum. The State of
Massachusetts, now has a compulsory
insurance law and New York is said
to be ready for the establishment of
a similar statute. Connecticut, Maine
| and some other States are now op.
Grating under financial response.
bility act which provides for the
showing Of responsibility on the part
of a motorist after he has been con.
victed of reckless driving or other
major offenses. In all States, of
course, there is a good percentage of
voluntarily insured and those who are
able to meet claims from their own
resources.
/ It is to take care Of motorists who
are not responsible, and who refuse
to make themselves responsible, that
compulsory insurance Is urged. 1t ap.
pears to be the only measure in sight
that will effectively correct a wide
spread evil. The financial RESPONSE
bility laws now being experimental
with in several States lock the
stable door after the horse is stolen
inasmuch as a showing of financial
responsibility is demanded only after
conviction of a major offense. and
there are admittedly few traffic viola
tions Of this kind that do not involve
Ian accident. Compulsory insurance
on the other hand. means simply that
Evening star., 1927-10-05

assert itself in unmistakable favor" "
mo one will deny" affirms the Helena
Montana Record-Herald Republican,,
that Tammany Is the backbone of
the movement to nominate Gov.
Smith of New York for the presidency.
For years it has been the ambition
of that notorious and powerful politi-
cal organization to have a controlling
voice in the dispensing Of national
patronage" The Admission Star Dem.
ocratic) holds that democratic Amer.
lea is not yet ready for city state or
for city dominance in American af.
fairs
Expressing it's admiration "of many
qualities of excellence possessed and
proven by the New York Governor"
as an liable chief executive Of the
Nations greatest State" the Nashville
Banner independently concludes, "His
nomination would be a committal Of
the Democratic party to the wet side
of the prohibition ISSUE" The Apple
ton st-Crescent independently argue
that I'VE must bear in mind tha
Smith has no other platform" Th
San Francisco Bulletin Republicaf
sums up it's views, He is hand
capped by reputation as a wet tn,
will unite all drys against him, ar
try as his friends may they CAM 4
extricate him from his ASSOCIATE
with Tammany."
On the other hand, the Roano,A
Times independent Democratic) poin b
out that Gov. Smiths candidacy, in
so far as the nomination itself is con-
cerned, is formidable and therefore in.
teresting, not only to Democrats but
to the country at large" The Column
bus Ohio State Journal Republican)
points out that practical men in the
party favor the Smith nomination ''be.
cause they wish to have a chance to
win the election, and believe, probably
with good reason, that the popular
governor is the only Democratic pos
sibility Who would have the ghost of
a chance to carry the pivotal State of
New York" The Waterloo Tribune
Progressive) and New
York Evening Post independently asks,
IF not Smith. who?" while the Okla
homa City Times independently, Roch-
ester Times-Union independently and
Waterbury Republican Gndependent
Republican, see no other candidate in
the held of equal strength. To the
scranton Times Democratic) he is
beginning to resemble the Inevitable
nominee The Buffalo Evening News
believes that "it will take
some development Of startling proper.
tons to dislodge Smith from his posi-.
ton of vantage"
or the Western situation the Bell.
lngham Herald independent Republi.
cam states that "he has the advan.
tage of being virtually the only Demo.
cratic candidate in the race. and he
may win the nomination almost bv
default. but should a real opponent
come to the scene. the opposition to
smith. particularly in the South and
West, would crystallize."
Evening star., 1927-10-05
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

@. How fast do raindrops fall?-
S. o. d.
A. The Weather Bureau says that
raindrops never fall faster than 25
feet per second; many of them fall
only about Is feet per second. Sup
pose. then. the height of the cloud is
$500 feet, fairly common height, and
that the speed of fall is the greatest
possible-very large drops-then the
time of fall will be 100 seconds. If
the speed is Is feet per second, the
average velocity is 90 feet per second
and the time of fall minutes.
@. Is the liver of lobster edible?-
NJ. ID.
A. The liver of this shellfsh has a
delicious flavor.
Q. How often may the design on
coin be changed?-E. X.
A. The design of a coin cannot be
changed more than once every 25
years except by special act of Con
gress.
Q. Why do hotwater pipes freeze
easier and quicker than cold-water
pipes?-M. s. G..
A. The Division Of Agricultural En-.
gineerine says that this is not a fact
Obviously, in cooling the hot water
down to the freezing point it will at
one time be at the initial temperature
of the cold water. and the cooling
and freezing from this temperature of
the two pipes will be identical.
@. Are both Il feel badly" and 81
felt badly about it" incorrect?-R. II.
A. Both are incorrect. The adjec-
tive bad should be used.
@. When was glass first made?-
A. X.
A. Glass was known to the ancient
Egyptians at a very early date. The
tombs of the fourth and fifth dynas-
ties, about 1000 Be, show glass
blowers at work. 1t was also known
to the people of Phoenic.a. Assyria.
Greece and Rome.
@. Is the wool used in the manu-
facture of cashmere shawls different
from other wool?-N. z.
A. The fine wool used for these In
dian shawls is obtained only from ami
mails living in the highest regions
Napoleon Bonaparte imported some of
the goats into France. and some were
imported into Essex County, England,
in an effort to provide domestic wool
for the manufacture Of shawls. But
in both instances the wool deteriorated
and the goats were allowed to die out.
Q. Was the Grand Island, in the
Niagara River. ever used as a colony
or place of refuge for any single re-
ligious denomination prior to 1S40?-
W. NJ.
A. In 1924 an idea occurred to the
late Maj. Mordecai NJ. Noah, a distin-
guished Israelite Of the city of New
York, then editor of prominent polit-
ical journal called the National Ad-
vocate, that Grand Island would make
a suitable asylum for the Jews Of all
nations, whereon they could establish
a great city and become emancipated
from the oppression bearing so heav-
lily upon them in. foreign countries.
The city of Ararab, which he contem-
plated founding for this purpose, never
developed after series of failures
and disappointments on his part.
@. In what way does war lead to
progress?-M. Men.
A. The influence Of war upon the
progress of a country is great in the
nature of stimulus to scientific re-
search. The World War led to a num-
ber Of inventions. not only In objects
of warfare but in industrial pursuits.
Evening star., 1927-10-05
The Biggest, Richest Town.

The other day comment was made
ing of a larger number Of pupils in
its public and parochial schools than
the respective total populations of all
but four other cities. This fact was
noted by the metropolitan press with
a certain degree of satisfaction as H.
lustrating the immensely of the
human organism known as Greater
New York. But growth brings its
pangs as well as its pride. For as
the city grows the expenses increase,
and just now New York is sitting
down to study its 1928 budget. which.
with the most msrciless slashing Of