davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-11-11

MANY PRESENT day Montanans
IV who are recovering from the de-
preston which struck the state
in 1919 do not realize that they went
through IN experience that pioneers
in every other state of the Union went
through as each new area was settled.
Though Montana's depression was
complicated by a postwar deflation,
in the main there was nothing new or
different about it. And if we had
read our histories with understanding
we would have foreseen, before it hap
pened, that it was inevitable that it
should happen.
America was settled principally under
English direction. While the Puritans
ostensibly came to the bleak shores OF
what is now New England in search OF
religious freedom. their settlement was
in reality a business enterprise financed
by capitalists at home. In this colony
as in Others that were set up along the
Atlantic coast, 1t was the hope OF max
ing money and of living IN a style their
position did not permit In the old coun-
try that prompted them to brave hard
ships in that turned out to be a titanic
struggle TO exc out an existence.
1t was natural that men and women
who had to tame a wilderness or die In
the attempt should in time break away
from the land of their birth and rear
their children in a spirit that made them
independent. And these children, seeing
q country farther inland teeming with
original fertility, with forests and streams
alive with game and fish, kept pushing
on to the new frontier to become their
own masters. 1t was thus that American
ism was born.
Thu peoples of the British colonies
who were ceasing to be British in 1763
and were assuming the new aspect OF
American. we're not above two million
strong. Frederick l.. Paxson says that in
the absence OF any census. it has beer
necessary to arrive at the population OF
the colonies by estimates based upon
casual accounts, figures OF immigration
and conjectures as to the birth rate. In
176o there we're perhaps 600. 900 persons
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-11-11

AFTER attending the American
n Legion convention at Paris and
- visiting battlefields and capitals
of allied nations in the World war,
Mr.. and Mrs. C. 7. Busha have re-
turned to Montana. Mr.. Busha is
manager of the Helena regional office
of the veterans bureau and is ma
tional vice commander of the Legion.
Mr.. and Mrs. Busha accompanied
the official Legion tour following the
convention. Commander Howard ?.
Savage with other prominent legion
naires of national and state repute
were on the tour.
France, Italy, Belgium and England
were visited. Rulers of each nation
greeted the party. One of the impress
sive occasions was the visit of the
party to the vatican at Rome and the
greeting of the pope.
Mr.. and Mrs. Busha visited at
Washington, d. c., Chicago, Mime
apolis, and Mrs. Busha's former home
at Big Timber on the way home. With
other legionnaires, they called on
President Coolidge.
GAS an official member of the
American Legion returning from Eu-
rope, / am more than satisfied with
the outsome of the pilgrimage" said
Mr.. Busha. "Facetiously recounting
one of the stories that was used much
at the end Of the trip we held a full
house, having a hand of three kings,
a pair of queens, with the duce wild
(Mussolini having failed to appear at
Rome because of illness following the
birth of Romulus, heir in the house of
Facisti).
"No adverse criticism occasioned
by publicity seekers, or the desire to
find fault by those who doubted
whether 1900 American citizens
could conduct themselves properly in
a foreign country, will alter the fact
that the object for which the Legion
went to Europe was accomplished.
"Humble, reverent respect was paid
to our dead in France, Italy, Belgium,
and England, and in this tribute all
the nations joined with such a high
degree of sincerity that one would
wonder how there could ever be a
clash of arms over these graves again.
GAS diplomats and ambassadors of
good will, Individually and collective
ly, the legionnaires showed Europe
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-11-11

within the IS colonies. In another Is
years, in 1870 when the first census un-
der the constitution was taken, there
were 1929, 214. An overwhelming pro-
portion Of the population Of 1763 was
American born, and in parts OF the colo
MES there were many families that could
trace five generations of unmixed an
censtry, leading back in nearly every
instance to immigrants who came to
America speaking the English language
and familiar with the institutions OF
British life.
Among the little groups that clustered
about the harbors Of the seaboard there
were only four towns hat could with
reason be described as cities. Boston,
Philadelphia. New York and Charleston
were the points where such wealth as
had been produced in America tended
to concentrate, and where the colonial
aristocracies had their root. But most
Of the ~colonists were farmers, living on
or near their property. Virginia, as the
largest, was the most populous colony,
and after her followed Massachusetts,
Pennsylvania, North Carolina and New
York.
The most characteristic figure of these
towns was the merchant, for m
was the only industry besides agriculture
that had been allowed to flourish by the
policy of the mother country. Banking
was idQiiiSiieulyt IidLcpOltdtloh oi ldllu
was unorganized. n manufacture was
forbidden by the navigation laws. The
colonial supplies that could not be made
within the home by domestic manufac-
ture came chiefly from the British ex-
porters. were carried often in American
built ships, and were distributed by colo
NAL merchants whose British connections
kept them always in close grips with the
hands across the sea.
But the life outside of towns was sim
pie and the needs were primitive. The
deprivations due to the ban upon Ameri-
can industry were slightly appreciated
by the farmer who lived almost entirely
to himself, and whose accumulated earn
ings and savings were never enough for
the immediate needs of agricultural ex-
pansion, let alone purchase or investment
in other fields.
The American frontier was a line, a
region, or a process, according to the
extent in which the word Is used. AS a
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-11-11
Several Momtamans
linn New Dictionary
of Noted Americans

Senator Paris Gibson, pioneer and
founder of Great Falls, is one Of a
number of prominent Montanans who
will have their biographies in the Die
tionary of American Biography. ac-
cording to Paul c. Phillips. chairman,
history department, state university.
The edition, with the life history OF
10000 prominent American men, is spon-
sored by the American Council OF
Learned Societies and will be published
this year. Professor Phillips is writing
biographies of Montana men.
Other state figures whose histories Will
appear are Thomas Henry Carter, sena-
tor and pioneer, Edwin Booze C%raighead
educator, former president Of the state
university; Marcus DAILY, developer, IA
nous Butte "hill': Sidney Edgerton
statesman, governor OF Montana; VIII
liam Andrews Clark. millionaire, senator.
art collector.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-11-11

three weeks the tracts to be offered at
auction to the highest bidder; after this
time they were to be sold at private sale
at 50 an acre, on a credit extending to
four years or more. The terms of the law
required that the purchaser should pay
the survey fee tS6 per s~ection) and de-
post 10 cents an acre when he filed his
claim. The balance of the purchase
price was spread in installments over
four years. nj quarter within 40 days,
a second fourth within two years. and
the balance at the end of the third and
fourth years after the contract.
Most of the buyers of western lands
were both poor and hopeful. Because
they were poor. they found hat the
initial charge of $50 was a large amount
of money. Because they were hopeful,
they were convinced that it would be
easy to raise the later installments, and
accordingly used all the ready money
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1927-11-11

ing to Professor Ford, who has made the
most careful study of the colonial prece-
dents of the public domain. The rec
tangular system was by no means new in
concept, but no colony had possessed
the means to administer a large scheme
OF preliminary surveys before the lands
in question came upon the market. The
novelty of the method as here applied
lay in the determination to make care
full surveys of townships in six miles
square. and of the SO internal sections
in each, before disposing of the public
lands.
William Henry Harrison, a child of the
frontier, secured the passage of the first
American and law that made n at
tempt to meet the conditions peculiar
to the time. This law was signed May
10, 1900. 1t was provided that the lands
should be sold locally, in tracts of half
sections, or 800 acres. For the term of
Evening star., 1927-09-18
4 for $l.OO

Stamped Absorbent Towels some with coiored
eSres soeea ms for crochet $lOO
Stamped Tea Towels, of splendid
snso,5T snstT material ter and good size hem. $1.OO
Evening star., 1927-09-18

There are large and small head size from which
to choose in the hats at this price, they fully sill
lined in 80 different models, and in black and colors
Kanns-Second Floor
Evening star., 1927-09-18
More Rayon Boomers
At 08c!

This is new lot Of Rayon Boomers, in the popu-
lar shades of flesh, peach orchid and nile They
full cut, with single shirred knees and fat-locked
seams. Sizes to g. All fine perfect quality.
Kann Street Floor
Evening star., 1927-09-18
2 for $l.OO

-Women's Stamped Gowns, ready made of good
quality white material. Very simple de- q 00
signs. Special, for. or........,...........
Stamped Hot Roll Covers, designs. hem
stitched for crochet edge Special $l.OO
--Childrens Stamped White Rompers. @o'1 """'-
ity and easy design. Sizes /, 2. years. e 00
Special, for .....................,..,
Evening star., 1927-03-19
TREND DOWNWARD
IN STOCK MARKET
Further lrregularity Develops
on New York Exchange
Today.
BY the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, March 19.-Further ir
regularity developed today at the open
ing OF today's stock market, with the
main price tendency still downward.
;Initial declines of a point or so were
recorded by Baldwin. Timken Roller
Bearing and Manhattan Electrical Sup
ply. Westinghouse Electric opened a
point higher. and U S. Steel common
and General Motors improved fraction
ally.
: Mixed price movements, rejecting
the play of opposing speculative
forces, continued through the early
trading. Operators for the upward
movement found announcement in
President Coolidge's reported advocacy
of substantial tax reductions next
year. if business prosperity is main
tanned, and in the sharp gain in bank
clearingS shown this week Pools.
Encouraged by the continued ease
money rates, again were active
in a number of specialties. Eu'
,reka Vacuum crossed 20 to new
high record, Federal Mining and
Smelling and American Brake Shoe
and Foundry were quickly bid up
about 4 points each while steady
demand was apparent for National
Cash Register, A. NJ. Byers and
I,ackawanna. Houston and Dupont,
on the other hand, quickly sold down
two or more points, with rather per-
sistent liquidation noted in Interna'
tional Combustion, United States In
dustrial Alcohol. Pullman and Wool.
worth. Foreign exchanges opened
fairly steady, with demand sterling
Quoted around s4.S5 316. and French
francs just below S.91 cents.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
H|GH-GRADE BONDS
DISPLAY STRENGTH
Government Issues Recover
Partly From YeSter-
days Losses.
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.
actaI Dtsnatch 10 Tha Star.

Special Dispatch 10 1no star.
NEW YORK, March 19.-strength
in high grade corporate obligations
characterized trading in the bonds al
the close of the week. United States
Government issues recovered partly
from the reaction of late the day be,
fore. Treasury ass crossing LOG again.
but the chief interest was in the rails
and utilities.
In this group buying was unusually
heavy for a Saturday. Some large
blocks OF issues like American Tele-
phone and Telegraph 5hs and Con-
solidated Gas 5I2s among utilities and
st. Louis-San Francisco prior lien "A"
Is and New York Central 5s among
the rails changed hands at approxi.
mately the highs of the year.
Others in demand included Illinois
Central 4As. Chicago and Western
Indiana As. Kansas City Terminal As
and New York Central 31as. Della
ware & Hudson secured Is OF 1880.
non-callable. sold at 107, n new 1927
top and on q yield basis of around
Ass per cent.
Industrials were not so active and
the price movement was more irregu.
lar. Sugar issues received good sun.
! port with Warner Sugar IS OF 1889
and Cuban Dominicna Tvs up frac.
tionally. Oils were still heavy and
| among the transactions the only fea-
ture was the strength in Hudson a.
Manhattan refunding 5s selling just
below par. X. Hoe & Co. 612s gained
on a small turnover.
Foreign issues were steady. The
only laggard in this part of the list
| was the Italian Is.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
Baltimore Markets

BALTIMORE, March 10 Especially
Potatoes. 100 pounds, 1.25a2.50; new
potatoes, barrel, 11.50a16.00; sweet po-
tatoes, barrel. 2.25a2.75; yams, barrel,
2.0Oa2.50; bushel 50a1.25; beans,
bushel, 2.50a4.00; beets, bushel. 1.50a
Its; broccoli, barrel. 50a75: cabbage.
ton, 15.O0a20.00: cauliflower. crate,
2.25a2.50; cucumbers. crate, 6.00a9.O0;
carrots, 100 pounds, 1.50a1.75; celery,
crate. 5.00a6.00; kale, barrel, scars;
lettuce, hamper, 1.25a2.25; onions, 100
pounds, 2.00a3.75; oyster plants. 100.
4.00a6.00; peppers, crate. Oa4.O0;
2.25a325; radishes, bushel. 1.50a3.OO;
spinach, bushel. 5Oa1.00; squash, crate.
4.OOa5.OO; tomatoes. crate, 2.50a4.OO;
turnips, basket, 40a75.
Apples. barrel. 1.O0a4.O0; bushel.
40a1.50; grapefruit, box, 2.5Oa4:O 90;
oranges, box, 2.75a4.25; Strawberries.
quart, 25a37H.
Dairy Products.
Live poultry-Turkeys, pound, asa
45; old, 35; poor and crooked breasts.
rs; young chickens. 34a35; Leghorns.
as; poor and thin, 25a2S; Winter
chickens, 40a42; Spring chickens, So;
old hens. 27a28; Leghorns. 25a26;
rOOSterS, 1Sdl3, CdpOHS, oodoo, uuChS'
28a34; poor and thin, 23a25; geese. 1S;
guinea fowl. each. 50a75; pigeons,
pair. 30a35.
Dressed poultry-Turkeys, pound,
4Oa45; old toms. 35a36; poor and
crooked breasts. 25; chickens. 28a35;
roosters. 20; ducks. 3Oa35; capons.
33a40.
Eggs-Receipts. 1880 cases; native
and nearby firsts. in free cases. dozen,
24k.
Butter-Good to fancy creamery.
pound. 44a49; prints, 49a51; blocks.
4Sa50: ladies'. 80; rolls, 26a2S; store
packed, 25a26; process butter, 39a40;
dairy prints, 26a28.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
WATER PUMPS EFFICIENT.

NEW YORK, March 10 P).-Final
tests on new installations of motor.
driven water pumps In the city OF De.
troit, manufactured by the Worthing.
most powerful OF their kind. Over
all efficiency Of 84.7 per cent has been
achieved by centrifugal pipe forcing
water through the mains at the rate
of 50.0OO.00O gallons daily against a
head of 10 feet.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
Wall Street Briefs

! NEW YORK, March 10 R.-Pacifit
Gas & Electric declared an initial quar-
ferly dividend of so cents a share or
the new common stock. $25 par pay
able April Is to holders of record
March 81. This equals the regular
Quarterly payments of 81 on the old
common stock. 500 par, which was
split four for one.
Directors of Sharon Steel Hoop took
no action today on the common divi'
dend due at this time. The previous
payment was so cents, on January 15.
prior to which no disbursements had
been made since 1919. The regular
quarterly 2 per cent on the preferred
was declared.
Submarine Boat Corporation has no.
tilted the stock exchange of proposal
to rescind the action taken at the an
nual meeting in April, 1926, reducing
the authorized capital stock from S00..
oe0 shares to 191,730 shares. and
changing the name to Transmarine &
Terminal Co.. Inc.
American international Corporation
reports operating income of $1.779,9 ,905
for 1926. equal to 1888 a share on the
capital stock. In 1925 the corporation
earned $4.19 a share. Ultimate with.
drawal of it's investment In G..
Amsinch & Co. has been arranged the
report said. and its interest in all OF
its wholly owned subsidiaries, except
Allied Machinery Co. of America, had
been disposed of.
directors Of Hudson River Naviga-
eton Corporation declared a quarterly
dividend of per cent on the pre-
ferred stock, payable April /, the first
time the company has been on a regu.
lar IS basis. The company came out
o. receivership last May.
Sanders Wortheim, president of
Burns Bros, Coal, said after the com.
pany's shares had dropped sharply on
the stock exchange, that directors had
nDt discussed a reduction in dividends
and the regular payments of $3.50
share on the class "A" and so cents
asshare on the class "B" stocks would
be authorized at the April meeting.
Net loss of S292, 1903 is reported by
AJAX Rubber Co. for 1926, against net
income Of $1.005,0 ,069 in 1925. Fluctua-
ttons In the price of crude rubber
affected the company's profits. Presi.
dent Weston told stockholders. but
considering the situation. the show
ing was creditable. Sales were $22,.
036,198. The company started 1927
with favorable inventory values in
raw materials and finished goods.
Directors of American Brake Shoe
d Foundry are reported to be working
out plan to distribute surplus to
stockholders. which Wall Street hears
may be a common stock split.up,
possibly four for one. The company
earned $i5.04 a share on the com.
mon in 1926. The annual dividend
rate is Sc a share.
All-America Cables earned $12.75 a
share in 1926, against S14.11 a share
IN 1925. the pamphlet report showing
decline in net income to $3,446,576
from s3.S0S.S84.
The Rio Grande Valley Gas Co. has
given a contract to the Hope Engi.
neering & Supply Co. of Mount
Vernon. Ohio. for gas line system
OF Ill miles of high pressure main
line from the gas fields in Zapata,
Jim Hogg and Webb Counties. Tex.
along the Rio Grande Valley to
Brownsville, eventually serving all
communities through the valley.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
Wall Street Features
Chile Copper.

NEW YORK, March 1870 far as
The earnings situation is concerned.
It Is hardly likely that the recent buy.
ing which has been in progress in
Chile Copper has been based upon be-
lief that the final figures for 1925 will
show much improvement over those
for the preceding year. For the first
nine months net profits were equal to
$l.95 share. compared with S2.72 for
the full year 1926. Therefore, the de.
miand for the stock around high prices
for the year would suggest buying for
some special reason.
Attention was called to the fact
that the privilege of converting the
per cent bonds which have been
called for maturity April / expires
within the next few days. The pro-
gram for enlargement of the COM
pany's plant has been completed. so
that capacity operations could be In
creased to 375.000.000 pounds OF cop
per annually. Chile. because OF its
low operating costs, is in position to
operate profitably, even with the mar.
ket for the metal below the present
13R-cent level.
Burns Brothers.
The heavy selling which came into
the market for Burns Brothers issues
apparently effected uneasiness over
the dividend policy when directors
meet for action in April. For the six
months ended September 80, 1926, net
available for the common class "B'
was equal to only 90 cents a share.
compared with $2.I0 a share in the
same period of the preceding fiscal
year. However. earnings for the last
quarter are likely to be substantially
in excess of those for the same period
in 1926. Drastic Spring reductions y
from so cents to 81 ton below cur.
rent prices have been announced in
retail anthracits grades to take effect
March a.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
KANSAS CITY SOUTHERN.

NEW YORK, March 10 R.-Rail-
way operating income of the Kansas
City Southern for February was SAIL
S6S. an increase of $164 over Febru-
ary last year. Operating revenues de-
creased $1,629. Operating income for
the first two months this year was
$1O6.754 less than the total for the
same period of 1926.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
MOVIE TICKER EXPANDS.

NEW YORK, March 10 R.-The
Trans-Lux Daylight Picture Screen
Corporation has increased the mum.
Der of cities in which 1t gives movie
ticker" service from Sc to 104 since the
first Of the year. Rentals for March
will approximate $4,000. against
$30.197 in September, 1926. The com.
pany's operating profit for the nine
months ending with February amount.
ed to $123,734.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
ZINC STOCKS UNCHANGED.

NEW YORK. March 10 R.-The
worlds stocks of zinc on March l are
estimated at $4,000 metric tons by A.
j. M. Sharpe, honorary secretary of
the American Zinc Institute, un-
changed from the total on February
l, the only changes during the month
being in the distribution of this zinc
among the various countries of the
world.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
POTATO MARKET STEADY.

CHICAGO, March 19 R).--Pota.
toes-Receipts, 65 cars; on track. 242;
total United States shipments, 1856;
supplies liberal; demand and trading
slow; market about steady: Wisconsin
sacked round whites, 1.SOa195. mostly
1.85a1.90; Michigan, bulk, russet
rurals, 2.10; Idaho, sacked russets,
Burbanks. 2.7Oa2.90. mostly 2.75a2S5;
fancy shade higher.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
Washington Stock Exchange

SALES.
SSapitta9l Traction Coiia29 Co., at 1895.
OIL is at 91 q. 40 at Oh Iss. Is at 9i&.
Second National Bank-13 at 275. 10 at
Merchants Transfer and Storage pid.-5
AFTER CALL.
Capital Traction Colo at 106&.
81 900 at 101 IL
Potomac Electric 1st 5s-so. 900 at 1ooh.
So. 900 at 100h.
Washington Rwy. & Elec 4s-s2.5oo at
81 900 at 101A
Potomac Electric pfd-5 at 100.
Washington Gas 0s ''A"-S100 at 10A.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
RUBBER IS LOWER.

NEW YORK. March 10 (SpeciaD.-
Crude rubber, smoked ribbed sheets,
declined half cent today to 411z
cents. This compares with 39A cents
month ago and 61A cents a year
ago.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
RUMOR RIGHTS ISSUE.

NEW YORK, March 10 CP.-
Toronto dispatches to Wall Street
say rumors are current that the
Canadian Pacific Railway plans to
issue rights to present shareholders
to subscribe to new stock at $3.50 a
share in the ratio of one new share
for each four now held.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
WHEAT OPENS FIRM
ON WEATHER NEWS
Liquidation on Bulge, However,
Checks Advance in Trading
in Chicago Market.
BY GEORGE c. SCHNACKEL.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
CHICAGO, March 19.-Wheat prices
started off firm today because of
steadiness in Liverpool and the below.
zero. weather in western Canada,
which is expected to work down over
our wheat belt. Liquidation set in on
the bulge, however. After the first
half hour May was 1858, July, 1903.
Corn was steady-May, 75A; July,
79M.
Oats were easy-May, 44as; July. As.
Lard was cents higher
Evening star., 1927-03-19
INDIAN REFINING co.

NEW YORK March 10 CP.-Net
profit of Indian Refining Co. for 1926
rose to S1.03O.249 from $352.2O5 the
year before.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
POULTRY MARKET STEADY.

CHICAGO, March 10 R.-Poultry
Alive, steady; receipts. car; prices
unchanged.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
ON NEW YORK. BONDS STOCK EXCHANGE
Received by Private Wire Direct to The Star ONCE
RAILROAD.

Sales High Low Close
Wilson & Co lst IS. 2 lOlI, lOlLh lOlta
YounGstn SIT 6s.. II lOiA lOi5S l04N
Evening star., 1927-03-19

Dividend rates as given in the above table
are the annual cash payments based on the
latest quarterly or half yearly declarations.
Unless otherwise noted extra or special divi-
dends are not included.
Unit of trading less than 100 shares.
able in common stock Plus 2/50 in
stock. Paid this year-no regular rate.
2h 70 quarterly. c Plus 5 90 in stock. Pay.
able when earned; e Payable In DC, cash lsG o5
share In stock. h Plus ST a share in special
stock. Plus go in stock j Plus 20 in
stock Payable LAO Of share quarterly
in Class A stock. m Plus so in stock.
n Partly stock Plus So in preferred stock.
q Plus one-half OF common stock.
Evening star., 1927-03-19
GERMAN BONDS AND STOCKS.

(Quoted In dollars per million marksD
Bid Asked
Ger Ct (w In) 5s l914-1S 100000 l4OO 90
Hamburg Us lQlO..... 06.0O 1O6.0O