davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Seward daily gateway., 1927-09-13
NO HOPE IS HELD

ST JOHNS, Sept. 13. (P)-It is in dicated by the location of the Old Glory wreckage 300 miles north of the fishing grounds that it was improba- ble fishermen may have rescued the three occupants.
Seward daily gateway., 1927-09-13
AFTER s. A. TRADE

WASHINGTON, Sept 13. P)-An economic combination is being organ ized in Europe that is bound to miti- gate against America in the opinion of Senator Borah. He said the combi- nation is going after South American trade.
Seward daily gateway., 1927-09-13
SURGEONS USE PLANE

NEW YORK, Sept. 13. P)-Two Boston surgeons flew by airplane -here to operate on Miss Annette Ball. ey, daughter of former Secretary of War R. A. Alger. The operation was Ito mend a broken shoulder.
Seward daily gateway., 1927-09-13
BACK FROM BARROW

SEATTLE, Sept. 13. P)-The sail ing schooner c. s. Holmes arrived from Point Barrows with a cargo of furs. Favorable ice conditions and an easy voyage to and from Barrow is reported by Capt. Backland.
Seward daily gateway., 1927-09-13
PROMINENT COUPLE WE'D

NEW YORK, Sept. 13. (P-Miss Emiry Sears of Weba, Mass, was mar ried to Martyr Hemphill of Dublin, Ireland in the rectory of St. Patricks Cathedral The couple sailed for Italy.
Seward daily gateway., 1927-09-13
HAGEN WINS AGAIN

CHICAGO, Sept. 13. (P-Walter Hagen, defending his championship, romped home to victory in the Vest ern open championship at Olympic Field.
Evening star., 1927-11-13

greater part of the weight Is above
the aXles. You start the two rear
wheels driving and then expect TINS
greater mass to go right of with them
without the slightest resistance. En-
gineers long ago discovered that this
can't he done. so they set ont to de-
wise various methods OF enabling
the power wheels to drive the frame
and body.
Details OF Construction.
"Thev NAV lun from the ends of
the rear axle to the frame at some
point near the center of the car.
Where springs run parellel with the
axles, both front and rear, there are
two sets of brace rods. Doubtless
you've heard the front set referred to
as the wishbone in the case of one
small car because of its resemblance
to the familiar chicken wishbOne.
Some cars use a special torque tube
which incloses the propeller shaft.
while still others use brldgeilke
brace from one side Of the differential
case to the frame near the transmits
sion.
"Finally. Hotchkiss looked the stu.
alton over and decided that where
cars used flexible springs of the clip.
tic or semi-elliptic type, running paral-
lei with the frame, all these rods and
braces would be eliminated. He de.
cided to let the springs take the drive
as we'll as more complicated twist.
ing force known as 'torque. and
many manufacturers have followed
his line of thought.
DESPITE the type of drive, cars are
driven, which is the same as saying
they're pushed. The only time car
is pulled is when YOU come home at
the end of "A toW-rOpe.'
Copyright. 1920
Evening star., 1927-11-13
VEHICLES Of MERCY
GET RIGHT OF WAY.
Drivers Urged to Give Pas
sage to Police, Fire and
Hospital Machines.

One of the most careless. incon-
siderate and dangerous types ot
motorist is the man or woman who
fails to yield immediate nd full right
of-way to vehicles of the Police and
Fire Departments and to those of the
hospital This is the opinion OF Ernest
y. Smith, general manager of the
American Automobile Association, who
declares that in many communities
this type OF driver is to be found in
increasing numbers.
"Selfishness on the highway reaches
no greater height than in this reSu-
lar practice, says Mr.. Smith. AL
ways these public vehicles are on er-
rands of mercy to save life and prop
crty. The members of the Police and
Fire Departments riding on slch ap-
paratus are riSking their i.Ves Will
jnsly in order to save others, and the
motor;st who fails to stop 10 allow
free passas sA is contributing enormous
ly and ncedlcssly TO this risk.
''If the individual would but ponder
the irreparable damage that such heed
lessness and selfishneSs on his part
could cause, and often does cause, IL
is a certainty that the practice would
come to a summary end This is 4
type of street n,ishap that only in
very few instances can be called 'acci'
dental Municipal cratic regulations
are very pointed on the riSht-of-way
for police, fire and hospital vehicles.
They specify that the private vehicle
shall pull to the curb and stop. III
the individual car owner does not meet
this provision of the regulation. he Is
responsible for the resultant mishap.
I'm many of these crashes, the eX
cuse is offered that the curb was
crowded with parked cars and
that pulling over. consequently, was
impossible. This is not the case. One
can pull over next to the line of parked
cars and stop there with safety, for
the apparatus of the departments con
cerned usually uses the middle Of the
thoroughfare. Literally under no cir
cumstances is there an excuse for
impeding the progress OF such a
vehicle"
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Pushed or Pulled?

whats your trouble today | IN
ouired of Smith recently, noting evil
dences Of worry.
mo trouble exactly" he explained.
Just puzzled. Our friend Brown
asked me last night if I knew whether
my car was pushed or pulled. Thought
he was joking, but he's asked me
again today, and l think he's serious.
"Of course he's serious. And you
ought to be able to answer him lmme'
diately. Your car is pushed.
How do you figure that? Isn't the
engine up front? And doesn't 1t pun
the car through the transmission ana
propeller shaft?"
Smith was voicing the popular be-
lief of the relatively small number OF
motorists who happen to start think
ing about it. They recall the days
when the horse, hitched to the front
of the carriage. exerted n pull on the
vehicle. They note the engine taking
the place of the animal. but fail to OBJ
serve that the action is one OF push
ing rather than pulling.
Drive" Explains Process.
Smith would have known all about
this had he stopped to inquire about
the term which automotive engineers
use to describe the action between
driving mechanism and the vehicle
proper They speak of the drive.
This car has Hotchkiss drive" the
well informed salesman may say. Or.
if the unit is of the other type. he
may mention the term ''torque drive
Cars without Hotchkiss drive have
their tubes or brace rods more or less
hidden from view under the car, and
i'm the case of Hotchkiss drive itself
there really is nothing to show even
if the prospective purchaser cares to
get under the machine. For this rea-
son. and others, the buyer seldom
knows much about the drive" of the
car.
Thus he is puzzled when asked
whether his car is pushed or pulled.
Smith found himself in this posi-.
ton. But a little eXpla ton quickly
brought him abreast of the facts.
"All cars are pushed" | told him.
1.-The fact that every car must employ
some type of drive should suggest
this. If cars were pulled, the engi-
neers and statesmen then would speak
of the pull.
Rear Wheels Are Pushers.
Figure it out for yourself, and you
never again will feel puzzled about
it. Start at the engine with a flow of
power and watch this power as it
travels to the rear axles through the
clutch. transmission, propeller shaft,
pinion, ring gear and differential.
When you get the power to the rear
wheels, what happens?"
THE weels push the car" Smith an
swered naturally and without half
realizing how accurately he stated
the case.
Exactly. But now. let rne make
it a little more convincing. Let us
suppose that we affix the body and
frame Of the car rigidly to the axle
and then start the wheels pushing, or
driving. Isn't it evident that the
wheels would tend to go ahead, leav.
ing the body behind? If you hap.
pened to let in the clutch suddenly,
the frame and body might break off.
Remember. too, that the engine is
set in the frame. so that by far the
Evening star., 1927-11-13
THINKING IS HELD
NEEDED IN DRIVING
Congestion, Delay and Acct
dents Declared Due to De-
pendence on Intuition.

Sheer thoughtfulness on the part OF
too many persons operating motor cars
must be blamed for a significant pro-
portion of the congestion, delay and
accidents which mark modern-day
traffic conditions.
It is the opinion of Rudolph jose
veteran Of a quarter century Oh local
motoring experience. that much OF the
inconvenience and trouble caused on
the streets and highways is brought
about as a direct result of an unthlnk-
ing action. This observer states that'
naturally. the operation of the con
trolls is a mechanical action, ana lhat
TO the seasoned motorist, driving ltselI
is something of a subconsclous matter
However. he hastenS to add, because
this is the case many drivers ran 10
do any pertinent thinking at all Whlle
at the wheel. .
OBVIOUSLY. such a practice IS
foolhardv one" Mr.. Jose declares. NO
matter how much one may say that
operating a motor vehicle is pufelS
mechanical action, or one dictated al
most wholly by Secondnature, that
does not alter the fact that because
so many drivers uepeHu elltiieis ol,"'
intuition, our traffic problem is pe'
coming increasingly grave in every re-
spect. =
constructive thinking never IS
more necessary or desirable than When
at the wheel and controls of a motor
Ear. No person of any responsibility
would begin the days work without
thinking, and likewise no really good
and careful motorist drives his car
INTO traffic without an alert mind, and
one not wholly devoid of thoughts re-
,arding the situation Immediately at
hand"
Tt is evident. Mr.. Jose asserts. that
ameliOration OF some of the present
traffic difficulties rests upon growing
additions TO the ranks Of those motor.
;sts who do operate their cars as they
20 about any other piece OF serious
business, and that is thouGhtfully and
ntelligently.
progress in everything always has
depended upon thinking persons, and
there is no reason to believe that mo-
toring is an exception to the rule so
obvious as to be a truiSm.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
COVERS SHOULD FIT.
Spring Castings will Be Tight II
Made to Measure.

One reason why many spring covers
are inefficient is because car owners
have not been careful TO take meas
uremerts of their springs before IT.
stalling the units that are To protect
them. If the spring cover is too wide.
in the case of an oil cover. tor IN
stance, there will not be sufficient
action ot the sides to press oil out OF
the path into the spring leaves. Many
covers Of both grease and oil types
are not long enough for the springs
with which they are used. The re
suit is exposed spring ends, where
most rusting and trouble occur.
Also, it has beer found that some
covers are not deep enough 20 take
in all the leaves. while others are too
deep for the springs TO which they
are attached. In the latter case
grease is likely to accumulate at the
bottom of the cover and never have
an opportunity to work in between
the leaves.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Manufacturer Not Always to Blame
for Difficulty in Getting Auto Parts

The difficulty in obtaining replace
ment parts for cars cannot always be
blamed upon the manufacturer or
dealer. There are many things that
can happen to make it difficult for the
car owner to obtain the exact replace.
ment part for his car and very often
his failure to get exactly what he
wants is the result of some previous
work on the car of which he has no
knowledge or about which perhaps he
has forgotten.
A case in point was where the
owner of a secondhand automobile
was in need of new axle. The car
was 1925 model and it was natural
that he should ask for a 1928 axle
and accompanying parts. A 1925 axle.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Cold Weather Hints

Sometimes an engine will buck and
skip less during the warming-up proc
ess il the driver runs in high gear
rather than trying to heat up in
second. The reason is simple enough
vnen II is remembered that with the
engine running fast In second, gas
ia drawn so fast that considerable
amount OF raw fuel passes into the
cylinders. This will cause misfiring
and bucking.
Always leave a car in a private ga
" "a with the radiator farthest from
the door. Not only is this practice
safer when starting, because exhaust
fumes are led more quickly toward
the open doors. but ii is easier for
the engine to run with the car in re-
verse thsb in low.
To obtain fullest efficiency from
lg of oil, always have the engine
warmed up before exchanging the oil
in the crank case. Many owners drain
the oil, refill with new lubricant ana
then proceed to give IL good dose OF
dDutiop by dimculty in starting.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Did You Know

That before filling the radiator with
anti-freeZe for the Winter it is i'm.
pOrtant to drain off and flush the en-
tire cooling system? Mix some sal.
soda with the water and run the car
for day. Then drain the entire con.
tents Of the cooling system and flush
out several times with clean water.
That some cars have separate
drain for the radiator? To drain the
system completely. therefore, it is
necessary to open both radiator and
pump drain cocks, provided the latter
is not at the lower point. If the
pump drain cock Is lower than the
radiator, naturally 1t will carry off
the radiator water when opened. Some
cars are equipped with the two drains
merely to make it easy to drain the
radiator alone
Evening star., 1927-11-13
HAMMERING DANGEROUS.
Frozen Bushing Should Be Cut
With Hacksaw.

Do not use hammer to drive out
frozen bushing. There is less like.
lihood of injuring it's housing If a
hacksaw is used to cut the bushing in
two. After the bushing has been
sawed it usually can be contracted suf-
ficiently TO be driven out with very
light blows.
The process may take longer but
usually is attended by more successful
results. Connecting rod bushings Of
fer an excellent opportunity for a try
out of this treatment.
Evening star., 1927-11-13

At the side of the carburetor float
chamber there is a plug the purpose
of which is not known to the average
car owner. Usually it has a hex
agonal head on 1t so that it can be
removed by unscrewing with
wrench. But if it is removed, TO
what purpose?
Some clue to the mystery may be
had when it is stated that in some
of the carburetors formerly used
there was small glass window at
the point where the plug now is
found. Obviously. the plug serves
Evening star., 1927-11-13
THIN LUBRICANT NEEDED.

The grease and graphite compound
with which the steering gear housing
is packed will last long time. but
it has a tendency, as all lubricant has.
of drying and cumming. The car
owner will find it profitable to thin
the lubricant in this part occasionally
with medium lubricating oil. Of the
whole steering system, this part is
most subject to wear. AS result it
pays to take no chances on adequate
lubricatiOn.
Evening star., 1927-11-13

however, would not quite fill the bill
and he was puzzled. Investigation
revealed that the first owner of the
car had had an accident with it and
had replaced the broken part with a
1924 axle, not being able to obtain
the parts for his particular year.
1t frequently happens that in
pinch motorist will buy parts which
belong to some other make of car.
All this creates difficulty for the sec
ond owner of the car when the need
for a second replacement arises.
A suggestion to buyers of used cars
is that they endeavor to find out from
former owners whether any such re-
pairs have been made and. if SO,
whether the exact parts of the par
ocular model were installed.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
TIP ON CAR PAINTING.

When painting the car the owner
will profit by knowing that the new
finish should be applied with long
strokes of the brush. This will serve
to spread the paint fairly evenly. II
the color is spread with horizontal
strokes, it may be finished with ver-
tical movements of the brush. Never
under any circumstances cross the
strokes used in applying one coat
with those OF a later one. This error
has ruined many home-painting
operation.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Mystery" Plug Has Important Function
As Indicator of Motor Gasoline Level

as a means of determining the level
of the gasoline in the float chamber
while the float and its mechanism
are in operation.
Remove this plug occasionally and
note whether gasoline will flow out
through it, If gasoline does not flow,
The indications are that the float and
its mechanism need adjustment. The
gasoline level always should he just
high enough to overflow slightly at
this point, otherwise it will fail to
reach the high speed jet of the car
huretOr
Evening star., 1927-11-13
KEEP BODY BOLTS TIGHT.

Keeping the body bolts tight has
an advantage other than that it serves
to eliminate troublesome noises am
wear. II the bolts are taken up reSu-
larry. it means that they are not al
lowed 20 become so rusty that the
nuts cannot be turned on them 1t
does not pay to allow this task TO
remain undone over long period.
for when the motorist gets around to
it he probably will find that many OF
the bolts will have to be replaced or
allowed to remain loose.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Replacing Head Is Difficult.

Replacing a cylinder head often is
regarded as the final step in an engine
repair job and is treated as if there
was no especial technique required.
This is not correct. The head should
so back into place just as carefully as
any other part of the work was done.
All the stud nuts should be put into
place and frightened carefully begin
ming with those in the middle and
working toward those at the ends.
They should be gone over several
times.
Evening star., 1927-11-13

Spark and gas control rods will set
up a whistling noise Il they are sui.
ticiently loose to start vibrating. IT
occasionally happens that even when
tightened they will. continue to make
such noise, particularly those placed
on the instrument board. A very light
oil is the most effective remedy for
this car malady.- A heavy oil will not
penetrate.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Watch Your Ammeter.

When the ammeter registers dis.
charge with the ignition and lights off
the situation calls for action. 1t
should not begin with an inspection of
the wiring system of the car however.
Instead, tap the ammeter lightly with
the hand Very often the jar will
cause it to register properly. The am
meter arm is guilty Of displacement
at times and it should be the first unit
suspected in such case.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Too Much Polishing Is Harmful.

1t is wise to avoid too frequent use
of polish on the nickeled parts of the
car. An excessive rubbing with the
cleaner tends to destroy the plating.
When the surfaces really need bright
ening. use a good silver polish. AT
other times, when a slight rubbing
will restore their luster. an oily rag
will achieve the desired effect.
Evening star., 1927-11-13
Rumble Squeaks Eliminated.

Opening the rumble seat frequently
is productive of ear-splittinS grOans.
The hinges of this seat are among the
points that many motorists negl It to
oil. A very light oil should be used.
1t works an almost immediate cure in
most cases. 1t is well to wipe off all
excess lubricant to protect the cloth
ing of those who will use the seat
LATER
Evening star., 1927-11-13
John Smith and His Car
BY FREDERICK c. RUSSELL.

is whom mOtOris welcome
He is CLAP willing
interesting his
benefit of Otherme the motor clan
Evening star., 1927-11-13

A fve-year program of road repair
and construction has been inaugurated
in central Europe
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
How They Killed at Ludlow

& Iron concern. Rockefeller, through
his publicity agent, Ivy L. Lee, gave
the orders to Linderfeld to wipe out
the tent colony at Ludlow, which was
situated at a railway intersection, a
strategic spot for the strikers to in
tercept and try to persuade prospec-
tive scabs not to continue on their
way to the mines.
Who Was Linderfeld?
Gained notoriety as a thug and
gunman. From the vocation of pan
derer in the Cherry Hill district of
New York City, he had sunk to the
position of private detective for the
Baldwin-Feltz agency, and was sent
into West. Virginia as mine guard"
during the strike in 1928 that was
marked by the shooting up of the
Holly Grove tent colony by high
power rifles concealed in an armored
car that ran up and down on a near
by railroad track.
So well did Linderfeld carry out
the orders of the strike-breaking coal
corporations of West Virginia that
he was sent to Colorado soon after
the outbreak of the strike in the
southern coal fields. Forty-eight
hours after he entered the state he
was placed in the uniform of a lieu
tenant of the state militia and given
command over the troops in the
southern coal fields by the express
order of Governor Ammons, elected
governor of the state with the en-
dorsment of Samuel Gompers and the
American Federation of Labor, as a
"friend of labor"
Rockefeller instructed Ivy Lee to
relay orders that the Ludlow tent
colony be wiped out. The massacre
was the direct result of this order.
Since that time Rockefeller has had
attached to his name the odious cpl
tibet, "baby burner"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
Senator Cdppor Has
Resolution for Six
Power Combination

WASHINGTON, D. c., Nov. %
A resolution by which Congress would
call for the state department to nego-
tate a set Of arbitration treaties like
those made by Bryan and violated as
soon as the world war broke out, is
introduced into next session by Sem
ator Arthur Capper, (R) owner of
farm papers in Kansas.
The Capper resolution approves of
the feeler thrown out last April by
Aristide BRAND, Foreign Minister of
France, for such treaty between
France and the United States, and
disregarded by the Coolidge admins
tration.
The Capper resolution, however,
goes further and proposes six power
compact to include U. S., Italy, Eng
land, Germany, Japan and France.
By inference it would be an alliance
against the rest of the world.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-11-24
zINOvIEv AND
TROTSkY BUILT
ILLEGAL. PARTY
Own Apparatus Tho
Members of c.. P.

MOSCOW, USSR, Nov. 23.-It was
announced today by the Pravda organ
OF the Communist Party, that Kus-
ovnikov, who was expelled from the
Communist Party, has issued a state
ment exposing the fractional and Sec
tartan activities of the Trotsky oppo-
sition.
Kusnovnikov's revelations clearly
show that the opposition had secretly
organized an illegal party to the Com
munist Party of the Union of Socialist
Soviet Republics, with it's own appar-
atus, its own working methods, en-
ploying secrecy and having secret
code for correspondence.
Until last year there existed diff
ferences between various groups in
the Trotskyist party. Zinoviev's ad-
herents had their own political plat
form, maintained their own organiza-
tional centres within the illegal party.
Trotsky Won Over ZinOviev.
Before the 18th party conference,
Kamenev and Zinoviev hesitated
Whether representatives OF the Oppo-
sition should speak at the conference.
Trotsky, however, having the major
ity of the central committee of the
illegal party behind him carried his
motion that the Opposition must
speak to encourage the adherents of
the Opposition.
The results of the party discus
sion so far have given 572,506 votes
in favor of the theses of the Central
Committee and 5000 votes or ap-
proximately six-tenths of one PEI
cent against.