davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1927-10-30
Owner Asks Public
To Gather Autumn
Leaves andFlOWers

There is at least one place near
Washington where any one who
wishes may gather autumn leaves,
flowers, ferns and shrubbery with
out hindrance and with the full
permission of the owner of the
land. r. II. Phillips. secretary of
the Kensington Railway and the
Sandy Spring Railway, and owner
Of tracts of land adjacent to the
tracks, yesterday extended an in
vitation to the public to come and
help itself.
There is only one restriction.
Persons are requested not to cut
more than they can carry away,
but Mr. Phillips says "the more
they can carry the merrier."
There are many acres, he said.
owned in the interest of these
railway lines, particularly near
Norris Station, North Kensington,
and along the private right of
way of the Kensington company,
where the supply of Fall leaves
and flowers are abundant.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
100000 GIFT MADE
TO FUND BY SENATOR
Couzens' Contribution for Com.
munity Work Based on Number
of Unemployed.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

DETROIT, Mich, October 29.-Sen-
ator James A. Couzens gave 100000
to the Detroit community fund today
as a foundation stone for it's tenth
annual campaign which opens Mon
Gay.
1t is the largest single contribution
ever made by any individual to the
work Of the fund. and it brings the
total subscription of the former mayor
and Ford executive to $1,095,000 since
the fund was organized in 1918.
II have increased my subscription, +"
said the Senator, largely because of
the policy adopted by the fund of not
soliciting workmen due to large
amount of unemployment here. This
does not preclude them of now max
ing contributions If they desire to
do So
The Senator's contribution is based
largely on the number of unemployed
here. who would contribute that APP
proximate amount were they work
ing
Evening star., 1927-10-30
PROFITS ON TOBACCO
ARE SMALL IN FRANCE
Government Allows Only g to 8
Per Cent on Various
Brands Sold.
Correspondence of the Associated Press.

Correspondence of the Associated Press.
PARIS-Selling tobacco is a half
million dollar business day in France,
but the tobacco shops say they can't
make a good living.
The government, which monopolizes
the trade and limits the number Of
agents, allows profits Of only to 8
per cent on the various brands of
cigars, cigarettes and smoking to-
bacco.
The rare. exclusive tobacco shops,
paying ordinary rentals on main
streets would lose money IL they did
not sell pipes and other supplies.
Nine-tenths Of the business is done
by the regular agents" war veter.
ans or their widows and persons with
political friends. They are installed
in the "bistros" or small, zinc-counter
wine shops, and the fortunes made by
them in good locations and the way
they hang on to their licenses, indi.
cate the business has it's good points.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
Keeping Flowers
On HerO's Tomb
Held Impractical

Keeping the tomb Of the I'm
known Soldier in Arlington National
Cemetery decorated with flowers at
all times would be impractical and
in addition would be discriminating
against other unknown soldiers of
other wars, in the opinion Of War
Department officials, according to
a statement issued by the depart.
ment yesterday. The department
has received communications urg-
ing the keeping of flowers on the
tomb at all times.
The decorations put on the tomb
by patriotic organizations and by
representatives of foreign countries
are welcomed by the department
as demonstrations of honor and
patriotism, It was stated.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
PLAN AIR MANEUVERS.
War Department Arranging Pro
gram for Spring Practice.

Extensive Air Corps maneuvers. in
cluding attacks on ground forces, are
being planned at the War Depart
ment for next Spring. They will take
place at various service schools such
as Fort Benning, Ga: Fort Sill,
Okla, and Fort Riley, Kans., on dates
to be announced later.
The plans call for a group Of IS
planes of the pursuit and observa-
ton types, principally. in the demon.
stration at each of these schools as
we'll as at the general service school
at Fort Leavenworth, the artillery
firing center at Camp Bragg, n. c..
and the Air Corps tactical school at
Langley Field, Va.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
NEWSPAPER PROBLEMS
ARE TOPIC TOMORROW
Publishers From All Over Nation
Will Be in Richmond for
Opening of Convention.
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
RICHMOND, Va, October 20
Besides economy in the mechanical
end of newspapering, the most inn
portant topics to be discussed at the
convention of the American News
paper Publisheds' Association, which
opens at Virginia Beach on Monday,
will be press agents, labor and news
print, it was announced by the board
of directors, which met here today.
The list Of guests who have ac-
cepted invitations to the reception
tonight at Laburnum, home of John
Stewart Bryan, president of the or.
ganization and publisher Of the Rich.
mond News Leader, includes the
names of newspaper people from
Canada to Florida and from New
York City to Portland, Greg.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
ARCHBISHOP SCORES
SPIRITUAL ILLITERACY
International Federation of Catho-
lie Alumni Told Religious
Education's Need.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

BALTIMORE. Md, October 90
Spiritual illiteracy is responsible for
much of the delinquency in the coun-
try today" according to Archbishop
Michael J. Curley, who was the prin-
cipal speaker at the fourteenth an
nual convention Of the Maryland
CHAPTER, International Federation Of
Catholic Alumni, held here today.
The only remedy for the present sit.
uation is religious education-the
training Of the child's heart and head
together. If the child who is properly
taught his duty to his fellow men, his
country and his God is not the rem
edy for the present situation, then
there Is no remedy.
1.-The great work for the church In
America today is to give to the little
ones the proper kind Of education-to
train them not only for citizenship
here. but for citizenship hereafter"
Evening star., 1927-10-30
PARK TOUR ENDS TODAY.
Gov. Byrd to Feturn to Richmond
From Shenandoah Area.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
LURAY, Va, october 29.-Gov. Byrd
will return to Luray tomorrow and
go direct to Richmond, completing his
first official visit to the proposed Shen-
andoah National Park.
Accompanying the governor on the
inspection were DR.. Mather, A. b.
Cammerer, assistant director of the
National Park Service; Col. Glenn
Smith of the Appalachian National
Park Commission; Rufus Roberts, Lee
Long and Thomas F'arrar of the State
Commission; l.. +. Zerkle, executive
secretary Shenandoah National Park
Association; d. p. Wine, George +.
Pollock, John r. Crown, editor Har-
risonburg News-Record, and repre-
sentative of the State Publicity Bu-
reau; George Judd of Washington and
others.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
PEARY EXPEDITIONS
ARTIST DIES AT rs
Albert operti Made First Casts OF
North Greenland Eskimos
After Voyage.


NEW YORK, October 29.-Albert
Operti, 76, official artist of Comdr.
Robert E. Peary's polar expeditions of
1S96-97, died Of pneumonia today at
the Explorers Club.
A native Of Italy, he was graduated
from the British Naval School at
Portsmouth, England, and later
studied painting and sculpture in Lon
don and Paris. After coming to New
York he entered the newspaper field
as q caricaturist.
Cpon his return from the first
Of the Peary expeditions he made the
first casts of North Greenland Eskimos
ever made. He was one Of the official
Government artists at the Chicago Ex-
position.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
PLANE FACTORY OPENS.
Alexandria Concern to Employ 81
Men When Going Full Force.

ALEXANDRIA, Va, October 20
Especial. The Berliner Aircraft Co.
has started the work Of manu-.
featuring monoplanes in this city
on a small scale and within the
next 10 days will be running at full
force with an employment of 50
skilled workers.
The company expects to turn out
an average of two planes each week.
A carload of engines for the planes
and a huge shipment Of fabric
arrived today.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
Famous Southern
Flag Buried With
sMOtherRichmOnd'

RICHMOND, Va, October 90
The Confederate flag that draped
the casket of Jefferson Davis and
other noted Southerners was buried
today with Mrs. Norman V. RAN
dolph, known to thousands as
Mother Richmond"
Funeral services were at 8 o'clock,
with interment in Shockoe Gene
terry. The flag was found among
Mrs. Randolphs possessions and
it was at her request that it be
buried with her. Mrs. Randolph
was honorary president of the ma
tional organization of the United
Daughters of the Confederacy.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
POLITICAL FIGURE DIES.
Andrew j. Pennington, 90, Long
Prominent in Maryland.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, Md, October ga
notable figure in Maryland politics for
half a century, Andrew Jackson Pen
nington. died today at his home here.
He was go years old.
Appointment as assistant adjutant
general on the staff of former Gov.
James B. Groome had given him the
title Of General" by which he was
known.
Mr.. Pennington's confidantes includ-
ing Judge Albert Ritchie, father of
Gov. Ritchie: Gov. William Pinkney
Whyte and United States Senator Ar.
thur p. German.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
Mexican General Reported Killed.

NOGALES, Ariz., October 90 Up.
-Cnconfirmed reports to the Herald
today said that Gen. Jesus NJ.
Aguirre, Mexican federal commander,
State Of Vera Cruz, was killed in ac-
ton when a second ma jor engagement
with rebels under Gems Arnulfo
Gomez and Ignacio Almada was
fought at La Perla.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
IDENTIFIED BY TEETH.

BALTIMORE. Nd. October 20 (41
Establishing indentification by ths
teeth, Mrs. Sallie Redtke. this city, to-
day declared one of the three men,
whose charred bodies were found last
night after a fire in a Millersville, Md,
barn, was that of her husband. The
bodies were burned beyond recogni.
tion.
Police believe the barn was fired by
explosion Of q still.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
Tobacco Brings $2,299, 800.
al Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dspatch 70 The star.
DANVILLE, Va, October 29.-The
sum Of S2,299,s06 has been disbursed
here among tobacco farmers since Oc-
tober 4, for more than 10000, 900
pounds Of leaf, official statistics dis
closed today. The average price for
this volume was $1997 per 100. Deal.
ers representing Chinese connections
are not as active as last year, due to
the Chinese internal condition.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
COUNTY HAS BULL RECORD
All Animals in Virginia Section
Now Pure Bred.
By the Associated Press.

Craig County, Va, has attained the
distinction of being the first county
in Virginia and the second in the
United States to eradicate all scrub
and grade bulls. The Department of
Agriculture announced yesterday
that a final check just concluded
shows the county Is on 100 per cent
pure-bred- bull basis in cattle breeding
operations following a systematic and
aggressive campaign. Eleven years
ago a cattle survey of the county
showed no pure-bred bulls.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
Woman and Daughter Held.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
DANVILLE, Va, October 29.-Mrs.
James r. Hall and her 1s-year-old
daughter, Fannie, are held under bond
after prohibition agents claimed to
have found them operating a 100-gal-
lon liquor still on Bull Mountain in
Patrick County. The officers remain
ed hidden for half an hour before MAX
ing the raid.
Evening star., 1927-10-30
CAPE HENRY LIGHTS
REVEAL CONTRASTS
Nations Oldest and Newest
Types Stand as Symbols
of Progress on Coast.

Thus times do shift-each thing his turn
does hold;
New things succeed. as former things grow
old"
poEart uarrick
Evening star., 1927-10-30
Mechanism Employs Radio

Suspended from the iron railing
around the top, outside deck Of the
tower, just below the lantern, Is a
radio antenna, and Mullenfeld told
the reporter that that was Cape
Henry lights radio beacon aerial.
This light Is visible for about 19
miles, but fog and nasty weather
cut it's range way down." the keeper
explained. $50 we have to have
something a fellow out there at sea
can hear. Now this radio beacon,
that's what they call it. we just turn
it on when it's nasty, and it auto.
matically sends out two dots and a
dash. 1t sends for 20 seconds and it's
silent for Is seconds. Now O fellow
out there on q ship knows that Cape
Henry's code is two dots and a dash.
He hears that signal and he has a
radio compass which gives him the
exact bearing from his ship on this
station. Then he'll get another sig
nal from another radio beacon over
on Cape Charles and he'll plot that
bearing on his chart and where the
two bearing lines cross Is the exact
position of his ship.
You see, every lighthouse on the
coast has different kind of fash
code, and then some revolve and some
are '6xed.' giving just d steady beam
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22

pointed having been concluded. This
was the one striking lame duck ac-
tivity.
In the old days it was not so. The
accepted program was to pick the
ablest of those who had fallen by the
wayside politically, and plant them in
government berths, and it may as
we'll be said that there was a. little
element of charity in these selections.
Public life of any length, inevitably.
weakens a man for the bread and
butter struggle for existence. The
change has not come about because
of any shift in our political morals,
but because of economic conditions.
In the old days when $4,000 was the
top-notch of public service compen-
satiOn, the senator or representative
tipped out of his seat found this a
godsend, and with the salary proceed
ed ito maintain himself and his fam
lily in reasonable comfort. Today in
Washington, the man with $4,000 is
lucky to possess a twO-rOOm, kitchen
cite apartment. Meanwhile, the scale
of private compensation has gone up.
The result is that even the sorriest
of congressional lame ducks finds
himself unable to live on the COM
pensation provided, and thus has been
forced to go to work. This is the
real explanation.
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22
4 |. Z CAPITAL


ity. He still has callouses from
handling of bale hooks and he has
lost finger nails and the tops of his
fingers through work on blocks and
tackles. He has learned his book in
a hard but effective school. For that
reason 1t IS not surprising that he is
steadily frOwning on any program
for spending additional millions of
the taxpayers money for the purpose
of building a government fleet to
compete with private owners.
In 1924 the Republicans, in their
national platform at Cleveland,
adopted a plank which provided fol-
the sale Of governmental YES
sells to private owners at the earliest
possible moment when the price to be
paid and the conditions of the ser.
vice warranted the sale. O'Connol
is standing by that policy, and il
that determination he is entitled Il
the support Of the public at large
America is rich enough, it is true, t,
run thousand ships over the sever
seas with a mound of eiderdowu a
the individual cargo. But this cal
never make for prosperity. If tn
flag is again to have its place on tn
oceans Of the world that result cal
only be acshieved on the initiativ
of American seamen; not by the ad
dition of governmental nursing bot
ties for each and every craft afloat
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22
POWER MACHINERY REVOLUTIONIZEs
ROAD BUILDING AND FARMING

Ten states will each build more than 1000 miles
of good roads this year, Texas leading with 1900
miles. The 26,821 miles added this year make "a
total of $4,000 miles of highway-not all of ex-
actly equal excellence, but all usable for autos
No country in history has ever had such a road
program. Some Of the old roads were clumsily
and extensively built. But the roads never could
have been built without some wasteful experiment
tation.
Today, however, there is little excuse for money
wasted in road building. Caterpillar tractors,
modern road grading machinery and waterproof
ing materials for saving the road base have COM
bined to eliminate useless labor and loss Of sup
plies.
Many states are oiing hundreds of miles of
rocked roads, realizing that if they save the sur
face the road base will remain intact for paving
at later date
Tractors and power machinery are revolution
izng farming just as they have revolutionized
road building-less labor shows greater produc-
tion.
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22
TAXATION AND POLITICS

Inasmuch as legislative bodes-local, state and
national-constantly are considering the tax
question, the classic discussion of taxation which
William Bennett Munro, the Harvard political Sci
enlist, gives in his book on Municipal Government
is worth reprinting here. Mr. Munro says
Economists define taxation as the levying of
certain compulsory contributions upon individuals
and corporations in order to provide public reve-
nue.. The assumed purpose of taxation is to pro-
vide public revenue; its justification is the COM
mon benefit which comes from the expenditure
of this revenue. Thatis taxation as the economist
sees it.
But tax laws are not enacted by economists
they are the handiwork of politicians. And the
politician has a very simple philosophy of tax
alton. To him, taxation is a system of levying
compulsory contributions in whatever way will
produce the least outcry. From the politician
point of view, the measure of taxation is not abi
ity to pay, but inability to resist. His favor leans
to the element that can produce the votes. He
tempers the wind, not to the shorn lamb but tC
the ram with horns. Public sentiment, he says
demands high tax on some things and a low
tax on others What he means, of course, is that
one element of organized selfishness is more aud
ible than another. That is why the more desir
able tax, in the eyes Of the average political rep
resentative, is tax the estates of deceasd per
sons, for dead men have no votes"
The foregoing is rough but simple and it hit.
the bulseye of truth If the politicians doubt this
they should check over the emphatic manner il
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22
WORD CONTROL, THEN FLOOD


WASHINGTON, D. C.-President
Coolidge has already made plain his
belief that if we are to have real
flood control, congressional word
control is a first necessity. When
the statesmen, real and near, were
insistent even while the flood was at
it's crest that they be allowed to re-
assemble and talk it over, he refused.
He saw inevitably what their talk
would amount to. 1t would fatten
the pages of the Congressional Rec
ord, but leave the Ievees broken and
flat. To the credit of Senator Jim
Reed of Missouri, the quiet but ef-
fective "No-No" of the president to
all demands for an extra session has
been assayed at its true value, and
Reed agrees that an extra session
would have been actually harmful.
The delay has been most valuable,
because it has been utilized by the
president in the forwarding of care
full, systematic engineering, agricul-
tural and financial surveys Of the
flood swept area. The substance Of
these Investigations will be incor-
porated in the presidents message
to congress, and it is the opinion Of
those who are acquainted with all
conditions that while even in Febru-
ary next the exact line Of procedure
] Continued on Page Eight
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22
THE POWER TRUST IN POLITICS

The Christian Science Monitor, published IN
Boston, is noted for being a conservative news
paper which attempts to record current facts free
from personal bias For that reason its editorial
comment, which follows is of particular interest:
According to a recent authorized announce
ment, the federal trade commission is preparing
its report on competitive conditions in the cleo
trical power field. This will include a survey OF
the manufacture and distribution of electric pow
er machinery and equipment. 1t will supplant the
report submitted to the United States senate on
February 21 last, on Control of Electric Power
Companies. That report was sent to the senate
in partial compliance with Senate Resolution No.
329 of the Sixty-ninth congress- The clear pre-
sumption, therefore, is that the Forthcoming re-
port will be in further reply to the same senate
resolution and that it will give added testimony
on the much-disputed question of whether there
exists in America a tendency towards monopoly
in the power industry.
There is probably no denying the fact that a
rather clearly defined community of interest ex-
lists between the companies promoting the power
developments throughout the country and the
manufacturers making equipment for those prof.
ects. That would seem to be just as it should be,
and the claim that such community of interest
is giving a small controlling group unreasonable
advantage in the matter of contracts or profit is
probably entirely false.
CAS- a matter of fact, the power industry in the
United States, as disclosed by the report already
sent to the senate by the federal trade commission,
has grown rapidly, and it holds promise of still
further rapid growth The facts so far disclosed
indicate that there is no power trust, or at least
no community interest existing between the vari-
Gus power developments which would give any
particular group of operators or group of bankers
a dominating control. The industry has grown
too rapidly to permit any group or trust to gain
ownership or control of the majority of the prof.
ects today operating in the United States. The
demand for power services has been so insistent
and large that various and sundry factors have
been encouraged to enter the industry in compe
tition.
1T is well that the country has an agency like
the federal trade commission which can gather the
facts and assemble them in such a manner as tt
dispel all uncertainty as to the conditions con
fronting the business. That being the case, i
becomes the less likely that the factors in the in
dustry will be subjected to political maneuvering
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22
PASSING OF THE LAME DUCK

WASHINGTON, D. C.,.-The New
York World has suddenly awakened
to the fact that the lame duck blight
has vanished from American political
life. The discovery is about two
years ovedue. Directly following
the last election, when so many Re-
publican stalwarts fell by the way
side, the World worked itself into a
hysteria over the possibility that all
these fallen warriors would be at
once transferred to the public pay
roll. 1t now discovers that it's fears
were unfounded.
Senator Sterling of South Dakota
was it is true, put on the Washing
ton bi-centennial commission, but
only a few months ago he was re-
leased the work for which he was ap-
The Bozeman courier., 1927-07-22
Bv National Press Service

BY National Press Service
CONVENTION CITY
WASHINGTON, D. Cr-The bat
tie among American cities for the
Republican national convention of
1928 is still going on apace. Croker
of California, bearing aloft the San
Francisco banner, has made the most
systematic campaign. Before he left
the East, he told his friends that he
had. already secured a majority of the
Republican National committee, and
that the states of Washington, Ore
gon, Utah and Colorado favored the
Golden Gate. Detroiters are also
showing considerable vim. Governor
Green has already made one visit to
Washington at the head of a delega-
tion which urged the claims of that
city, and new delegation is in the
making. Carmi Thompson between
times has been urging Cleveland. It
was largely through his activities
that the Republicans went there in
1924, and Mr.. Thompson's argument
is that one good turn deserves an
, other.
Boston has retired from the list OF
applicants for the Republican con.
vention, but there are indications thai
| the Democrats are seriously consider.
ing the city with the idea-a foolish
one it would seem-of hitting Cool
! idge at the source. Omaha, Kansa!
City, st. Louis, Chicago and Mime
apolis are also in the running, tn,
Kansas City boom being apparentl!
the most substantial. 1t may be onl!
a sign of the times, but it is wortl
noting that the competition is mainl!
for the Republican gathering. TIL
Democratic convention apparently i
going to be of the Orphan Anni
variety. The actual selection of tn
Republican convention city will no
be made before December next at tn
meeting of the Republican Nationa
committee.