davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-02-04
VIM. E. YOUNG OF
Three FORKS DIES
Was Deputy Assessor of Gallatin
COunty-Had Lived at Old
Town 35 Years

THREE FORKS Especial Cores
pOndence)-William E. Young, 66
years of age, a resident of Three
Forks for S5 years, died Saturday
night at his home in Old Town after
prOtracted illness.
Funeral services, in charge Of Three
Forks lodge, A. F. and A. NJ, were
held at the Federated church Wednes-
day afternoon at 2 o'clock, the Rev.
Mr.. Barnes conducting the ceremonies.
Many beautiful floral tributes COW
cred the bier. Interment was in the
Three Forks cemetery, overlooking
the old home in which he lived 50
many years.
Mr.. Young was born in Louisville,
Mo-, March Is, 1850. He wa
married in 1881. at Bowling Green,
Mo-, to Miss Laura Belle Copenhaveri
who survives him. Mr.. Young and
family came to Montana from Mis-
souri, in 1891 and located in Three
Forks, now known as Old Town, where
he engaged in the mercantile business
for number Of years. Since 1920 he
had been a deputy assessor for Gal
latin county.
Mr.. Young was an upright citizeV
and a kind and affectionate husband
and father, and his passing is sincere
Ily mOurned by a large circle o.
friends. The bereaved family i
doubly distressed because of the fac
that Mrs. Young is now critically il
at the Three Forks hospital.
To Mr.. and Mrs. Young five chill
dren were born-C. NJ. Young, nov
residing at Los Angeles; T. J. Youni
and Mrs. Russie Gilingham Of Thre
Forks, Mrs. Harry Gustine and Myr
tie Young, the Oldest child, who die
lin 1905. Other surviving relative
are the grandchildren, Frank, Ruth
Laura, Edna and Margaret, childre
Of Mr.. and Mrs. 7. J. Young; Floy
and Audrey, children of Mr.. and Mrs
J G. NJ. Young; Harry, Ray and Mar
Z jorie, children of Mr.. and Mrs. Russi
Gillingham, and William and Rober
children Of Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Gus
tine.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-02-04
COOPERATIVES DO
100000 WORTH
BUSINESS in YEAR
Operation Montana Marketing
Bodies Saved Farmers
S175,OOO in 1926

Montana's "a cooperative market
ing associations with more than 5000
members did a business amounting TO
approximately $2,OOO,OOO last year,
according to a summary of farmers
cooperative marketing activities in
the state by Fred BenniOn, county
agent leader. The marketing agen-
cies to which these figures apply
were sponsored by or aided in their
organization by county extension
agents and while these agents had no
part in managing the affairs of the
cO-Operatives they were instrumental
in getting the agencies started.
The total sales of the cooperative
marketing agencies amounted to more
than one and three-quarter millions
of dollars and cooperative purchases
Of seeds, sacks, poisOns, explosives,
fertilizers, crates, and other supplies
reached another quarter of a million.
Sales of livestock through livestock
shipping associations totalled $746,-
282. These associations were in Op-
Grafton in II counties with Prairie
county leading with sales amounting
to $2O4,693. Sales in Blaine, Hill and
Teton counties each amounted to
100000 or more. Saltwater county
was the leader in cooperative wool
shipments, doing a business of 1884,
900. Judith Basin, GaIIatin, Hill and
Sanders counties also operated WOO
pools bringing the total of wool sales
to S378,542.
Poultry and poultry products sole
through II cooperative associations
totalled $1S5,O65. This figure is not
complete for the year 1925 since the
figures were compiled December
and many turkey shipments were no
made until just before the Christina
season. POndera county sold $87,00I
worth of poultry and poultry product
through it's marketing association
Saltwater, Judith Basin, Blaine an,
Hill counties each marketed NOR
than $4,000 worth of these products
Other couties operating poultry mar
keting pools were Prairie, FlatheaC
Yellowstone, Cascade, Chouteau an
Gallatin.
Alfalfa seed sales through co-opers
tive agencies amounted to $148,06O
grain, $2O5,OOO; butter fat, $68,87G
seed potatoes, $45,SOO, and other pro
ducts $19,352. 1t is estimated ths
farmers saved $175,OOO through tn
operation of their marketing assoc
atiOns.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-02-04
GALLATIN COUNTY
HIGH School Wins
in STOCK JUDGING
'Tis Local Institutions Third
Successive VictOry-BOys'
Conference Closes

For the third successive year, Gal
latin County High schools stock
judging team this week won first
hOnOrs in the Smith-Hughes cOmpeti-
tiOn at the annual Boys Vocational
congress at Montana State college.
In addition, a GalIatin county team
captured second place in the general
division.
Second place in the Smith-Hughes
contest was taken by Red Lodge, with
Simms third. The Powell, WyO., team
won premier honors in the general di-
vision. Belt and Missoula tied for
third. In the former competition %
teams of three men each competed,
while in the latter 157 such teams
We'd for hOnors.
Charles Martin of Bozeman, with
a record of 1927 points, was pro-
claimed individual high scorer.
The Boys Vocational congress, for
which 1,O38 youths from IT'S Montana
cities and towns were registered,
closed Wednesday at noon after
most successful three-days' session.
Prominent educators, business execu-
tives, professional men and cOmmun-
ity builders contributed the benefits
of their knowledge and experience to
a program that was filled from start
to finish with solid worth for the
boys who came here to gain new
ideas upon Choosing a vocation"
The record of Gallatin County High
school in the stock judging cOmpeti-
tions that have featured the annual
boys conferences is a matter Of great
pride to Bozeman and Gallatin county
people. The contest is said to be the
r largest of its kind in the world, and
< victory in the Smith-Hughes division
carries with, it a free trip over the
Chicago, Milwaukee and st. Paul t.
= the Pacific international Livestock
t show at Portland. The members of the
d Gallatin team are Charles Martin
s Sherman Smith and Albert Mitchell, al
g of Bozeman, and they were coached by
i Walter L. Mecklenburg, instructor il
+. vocational agriculture. Each has here
r tofore distinguished himself in stool
5, judging and junior club work.
r The members of the Gallatin team
which took second place in the gen
q eral contest are Lawrence Moore
n Bozeman; Robert Overstreet, Sales
+ vile, and Carl StimsOn, Belgrade
o youths of demonstrated ability j
4 stock Judging.
# CONTINUED on page eight)
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1927-02-04

County Commissioner John Aakjer
has received word from his sister,
Miss Anna Aakjer, who was seriously
hurt in an automobile accident in Sc
attic about a month ago, that she is
improving. Her condition, however,
is still far from satisfactory. In the
accident Miss Aakjer was thrown
against the curbing and suffered
grave injuries to her spine.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28
ArizOnO's Income
Tax Vas SI,646,622

Income tax collection reported for
1926 amounted to S2,172,127,321, am
nounced by the bureau of internal
revenue.
Although reduced rates provided by
the new revenue law were in effect
for the entire year, the total was
higher than that for 1925, when col
lections were S1.825, ,704, ,135.
Corporation taxes yielded $1,256,-
793, ,285 of last years total, while
1915 1874 OBS was collected from indi-
viduals, more being paid in by both
corporations and individuals on income
taxes last year than in 1925.
New York state again led in col
lections, paying more than one-fourth
of the total of last years receipts, or
$618, AIS ,054. Of this S76,299,217 was
paid by corporations and $342, Ii, 1886
by individuals. Pennsylvania was sec
ond with S213, Ais, 1854, and Illinois
third, with 1892, ,101 PAT.
Income tax collections in Florida
were almost trebled last year, receipts
totaling S46,678,6 ,668, compared with
$16,803, ,149 for 1925.
Corporations paid $17,679,748 Of
Fflorida's total while the individual in
come tax payments netted $28, 1895, ,920.
Total income tax collections in Arl-
zona for 1925 was $1,537,557 and for
1926, $780, ,662.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28
The Boulder
Canyon Scheme
(New York SUM

/ The Swing johnson bill, now pend
ing in congress, bears an innocent
title: "A bill to provide for the pro-
lection and development of the lower
Colorado River" 1t provides for con-
struction by the United States gov
ernment of dam 600 feet high at
Boulder Canyon on the Arizona
Nevada boundary, this to cost SAL
100000; of canal to prevent diver
sion of the waters, at cost of $751;
100000; of hydroelectric power
plant, at a cost of $31, 100000. The
interest charges during construction
would bring the total cost of the plan
to $125, 100000. As government en-
gineers bave estimated that the floods
of the Colorado River could be con-
trolled by dam at Topock, Arizona,
at cost of $14,000,000 the question
naturally rises why $125, 10000
should be spent.
The hackers of the bill have an ex-
PLANTATION. They say that Los An
geles needs more water; therefore let
the government impound plenty of it
sell it to Los Angeles. They say that
southern California needs electric
power; therefore let the government
develop it and sell it. But why should
the federal government go into the
business of selling water to cities
When the states of New York, New
Jersey and Pennsylvania get together
to dam the Delaware River for water
supply they will not ask the federal
government to put up the millions
necessary for the improvement.
AS for selling electricity to south
ern California, the defenders of the
Swing johnson bill have no argument
worth the name. The only customers
in the neighborhood Of Boulder Can
yon are coyotes, rattlesnakes and
jackrabbits, VIGOROUSLY non-consum-
ers of current. 1t is 300 miles from
Boulder Canyon to the nearest mar
ket for power and it would cost $50 a
year horsepower to transmit cleo
tricity to that market. Engineers es-
innate that the Boulder Canyon power
would cost $50 horsepower delivered
in Los Angeles, where power is now
generated by steam at $40 horse
power Moreover, as the total electric
load of all southern California is only
100000 horsepower what could be
done with the million horsepower
which the Swing-Johnson bill pur-
poses to develop?
The bill is intended, for the pur-
poses of California and the other far
Western politicians of the public own
ership and operation school, to put
the government into the water supply
business at the expense of the coun-
try at large. IF it is not beaten in
the house it ought to be killed in the
senate. If it should pass at both ends
of the capitol the president should
veto it. It is only little while ago
that Mr. Coolidge reminded congress
of the sad showing the government
had made at Muscle Shoals. But the
Tennessee River development is q
small and necessary thing as COM
pared with the Boulder Canyon
scheme.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28
Highway Muddle
Up for Quiz Again

Irregularities in the disbursement
OF funds by the state highway depart
ment prior to December 81, 1922
leading to deficit of $1,209,432.7 N
are alleged in an audit made by Chi
cago firm of certified public account
ants, transmitted to the eighth legis-
lature by Governor Hunt, in conform
ity with senate resolution adopted
last Friday.
The audit covers five and one-half
years and was prepared at cost of
$4,000 as ordered by the sixth legis-
lature
Total liabilities on December 81,
1922, were in excess of the depart
ment's available resources by that
amount, the audit shows and in de-
termining the deficit all federal aid
was taken into account as well as
future tax levies and miscellaneous
sources being considered as applicable
to future operations.
In the payroll account, number
of unexplained deposits were made
other than checks for payrolls and
payments were made therefrom in the
sum of $9,352.04 for which no explain
alton was furnished. This amount to-
gether with unauthorized payments
from the ''imprest" fund aggregating
$10,481.53 which were made to en-
ployes Of the department and others
for no recorded consideration, and
$38S.76 expended for miscellaneous
purchases and expenses which were
not authorized, and for which no
claims have been made" make total
of unauthorized expenditures of $685.
720.33, according to the audit.
The "imprest" fund was established
to enable the state engineer to expe-
dite the payment Of current bills and
payrolls, such payments to be re-
turned to the fund on properly au-
thorized claims.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28
Birds Flock to Feast
On Dead Nice

Bakersfield, Calf. Birds are
floclxing into the Kern county area
affected by the mice plague, said re-
ports received here, and the migra-
tion of the rodents is now being fol-
lowed by an invasion Of the feather
ed tribe, attracted by the poison
grain and also by the dead mice.
Many owls, hawks, crows and
other birds have joined great flocks
of buzzards, attracted to the strang-
est feast in the history of Kern
county. The poisoned grain and the
mice killed by the grain afford a
feast attracting many birds hereto
fore unknown in the desert-like re-
gions of the Midway-Sunset oil
fields.
The poison does not affect the
birds, it is said, thus demonstrating
on major scale the contention that
poison scattered to kill coyotes and
lions does not kill quail, as contended
by some opponents of its use.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28
Two Billion Feet of Timber On
The Kaibab Forest, Says Report

1880 people visited the Kaibab ma
tional forest during the season of
1926, according to report recently
made by the forest supervisor. Only
4 ID of these were hikers, 116 travelled
| by horses, and all others were auto
lists. This is an increase over 1925 of
! 4,4350.
According to Supervisor Mann, the
annual review of work for 1925 has
just recently been submitted to the
district forester, ard shows the fol-
lowing activities:
The Kaibab contains two billion feet
| board measure of commercial timber,
mostly yellow pine. 13 small timber
tales were made, cutting 343,000 feet
of lumber for local use, of which
Bright Angel camp on the national
park, and VT Ranch on the Kaibab.
got a big portion. Eleven users We're
given $4,000 feet of dead timber free
of charge.
The attack of black hills beetle on
the yellow pine has subsided. This is
believed to be due to forest service
control work, and such natural cne-
mics as blue birds, woodpeckers, other
bugs, and fungus conditions. How
ever, these beetles have already killed
150,000,0400 feet of standing timber
The number of cattle grazed on the
Kaibab is becoming less every year.
Only 3,047 cattle, owned by 81 per-
mittees, grazed on the forest in 1896.
This is reduction from 1925 of 500
head. The number of sheep grazed
was 2,405, which is 1900 less than
were permitted in 1925.
There were 112 miles of telephone
line maintained, to which the public
has free use. l81 miles of roads were
maintained and Is miles of new road
constructed. There were 80 miles of
range fences maintained.
There are n special use permits in
force. improvements have been made
on six camp grounds.
The forest service estimate of the
number of deer is 10000. FoEest
rangers distributed II tons Of salt in
1926 to the deer herd. During the
hunting in October there were 586
hunters, of which 35 were from Ari-
zona, 165 from California, 81 from
Utah, 10 from Texas, eight from New
Mexico, and Ia from nine other states.
These hunters killed 553 bucks. At
least 5000 should be killed to reduce
the damage to the browse. Many dead
faWns were found IN December, In
dicating heavy winter loss.
70 fawns were raised on cows milk
and shipped to twenty different states
for placing in private parks and for
stocking purposes. Eighty-five fawns
were trapped at Big Springs and
shipped to Colorado and Oklahoma
for stocking game preserves.
Two arrests We're made for killing
deer out Of season. Forest rangers
killed Is coyotes and one wolf
There were 80 forest fires in 1926,
one of which was caused by a cigar
cite carelessly thrown away. This Of
fender was arrested and fined. Twen-
ty-nine forest fires were caused by
lightning.
The last auto to travel the Grand
Canyon highway was on December 6.
About fourteen inches Of snow began
falling that night. There is probably
three feet of snow on top of the
mountain now.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28

was found either in the graves of the
former inhabitants nor IN their domi-
cile. They were certainly, therefore,
precolumbian. The crude masonry Of
the walls indicates a remote antiquity.
and its resemblance to the walls of
the cliff houses of Walnut Canyon
would appear to denote a contempo-
rary people. As plausible specula-
tion il is suggested that both were in
habited about the year 1900 A. D., but
as the number of burials indicated a
considerable length of habitation, a
century or two may be added to the
600 years since this ancient pueblo
housed a living people.
During the work of the Smlthson-
ian expedition, groups of Hopi from
Tuba City visited Eden Pueblo and
manifested much interest in the exca-
vation. They all declared that ac-
cording to their legends Eden Pueblo
was built by ancestors of the Snake
Clan, who later were joined by other
clans, forming by this union what is
known today as the Hopi tribe.
Each clan has legend of its for
mer migrations before it united with
other clans. According to the mi
grations stories of the Snake and Ho-
mani clans, all the ruins great and
small among the pines Of Coconino
national forest were ancient homes
den Pueblo and retire to the Hopi
Of some Hopi clan.
Why did the ancients abandon FL
mesas on the ''other side Of the
Painted Desert ~ Legends of the
Hopi do not enlighten US on this point,
but according to DR. Fewkes we may
possibly suspect it was due to some
simple cause as failure of crops and
dessication of land due to lack Of wa
ter, or to inroads Of marauders who
lurked in the mountains and descend
ed on the peaceful agriculturists at
harvest time to steal their crops be-
fore they had been gathered.
Up to the present comparatively
little attention has been given to the
character of the sedentary life of the
Indians who formerly occupied the
western end of Arizona's pueblo area.
Yet it is region of great cultural
significance, offering a rich field to
of funds prevents the Smithsonian
the spade of the archeologist. Lack |
institution from adequately carrying
on the investigation so auspiciously
begun in the excavation of Eden Pu- |
eblo. For the sake of our knowledge /
of the prehistoric life of man in gem
eral and Of man on this continent IN /
particular, it is to be hoped that
means to continue the work will be
made available.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28
Huge Meteor Falls
East of Phoenix

An unusually large meteor crashed
to earth in the eastern part of Ari-
zona Tuesday night at 1880 o'clock.
The phenomenon was so startling
that Phoenix citizens, walking in the
lighted streets of the city in an east
erly direction, stopped suddenly fas-
cinated by the slow descent of the
heavenly body, whose glare burst over
the eastern heavens like an immense
skyrocket.
The fact that the meteor appeared
extremely slow in its fall gave rise to
the belief that it landed far away
from the city. The giant meteor burst
suddenly forth at about As degrees
above the eastern horizon, travelling
in a wide arch for fully 80 seconds,
long enough to give spectators time
to humble favorite formula Of wish
and expectation, according to time
honored superstition.
A. Z. Bennett Of the Lowell observ-
atory staff, Flagstaff, is sending
questionnaires to the southeastern
part of the state in an effort to. locate
the spot where the meteor struck.
The Coconino sun., 1927-01-28
Byers Chosen Head
of ". A. Chambers

Election of E. R. Byers of Williams
president; Gilbert Loveland of Hol-
brook, vice-president, Margaret K.
Stewart of Flagstaff secretary treas
urer was the principal business of
the first annual convention of the
Northern Arizona association of COM
mercial Organizations Saturday, %.
when they met here.
This organization, which has been
formed within the last two months is
the outgrowth of a desire for much
needed cooperation in the northern
part Of the state and was organized
as a result of a call issued by the To-
cal chamber of commerce. The first
meeting of representatives was held
in this city during November and
the second one in December when the
bylaws and constitution were adop-
ted. Twelve Chambers of Commerce
and commercial clubs in this part of
the state were ncluded-Flagstaff,
Williams, Holbrook, Snowflake, Nc
Nary, Winslow, Grand Canyon,
Springerville, Clifton, Concho, st.
Johns and Kingman.
Saturday it was decided to hold the
next meeting in Williams next May.
It was also decided that there would
be three meetings each year, the
place of meeting to alternate between
the different cities in northern Ari-
zona.
The following directors were elect
ed by their respective organizations
to seat on the board in this associa-
ton: r. E. Pipes of McNary; G. N.
Laws, Winslow; Gustave Becker,
Springerville; Peter Riley, Clifton;
Tobias Younis, Concho; Jake Barth,
ST. Johns; Willis Black, Kingman;
Gilbert Loveland, Holbrook; Margaret
X. Stewart, Flagstaff; E. R. Byers,
Snowflake to appoint their
director in the near future.
The association formally endorsed
the work of the Arizona Good Roads
in their move to organize
a non-profit automobile club. A reso-
luton favoring the maintaining of a
road to the Grand Can
yon was also drawn up, this resolu-
ton to be sent in to the proper au-
thorities in Washington for consider
alton. No definite action was taken
relative to the state highway bill.
Gus Becker of Springerville and
Mayor Riley Of Clifton were among
out of town delegates here Satur-
lay.