davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-06-23

A specially built airplane Is used to
remove Workers on. British Guiana
plantation to the hospital in George
town ii that country e q 81 ss:.s..sze'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-06-23
COTTON DECLINES
| IN TRADING TODAY
Easy Cables and More Favor.
able View of Weather Are
Market Factors.
By the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, June 23.-The cotton
market opened steady today at de-
cline Of to 6 points under selling
probably inspired by relatively easy
Liverpool cables and a more favorable
view of the weather outlook. Offer
ings were not heavy, but buying was
less active than recently. and after
selling at 1904, October eased off to
1897 under liquidation.
Some Southern selling was reported
here in early trading, but there was
trade buying Of October and Deem
Der on the decline of about z to 10
points from yesterdays closing quota
tions.
Private cables reported trade call
ing in Liverpool. but said there had
been hedge selling and continental
liquidation.
Further July liquidation in prepare
ton for notices expected next week
was reported in the local market, spot
houses buying July. against sales of
later deliveries.
The early decline extended to 1892
for October, or Is points net lower
but offerings tapered off, and there
were rallies later on a little trade buy.
ing and covering. At midday October
was ruling around 1897 with the gen.
eral market dull at net declines of
to 10 points. The official forecast for
thundershowers in Eastern belt sec
tons may have caused a little cover
ing by early sellers. but clearing
weather was indicated for t West
ern belt
New Orleans Market
NEW ORLEANS. June % CP.-
Lower Liverpool cables, less rain in
the belt than expected and uncertainty
over the prospect for liquidating July
positions caused the cotton market tC
drop IA to 10 points under yesterday s
close. July traded down to 1850. DC
tober to 1886 and December to 1907
First trades showed losses of s to
points.
Evening star., 1927-05-29
Ingenious Instrument.

The electrograph is the name Of
a novel instrument invented In
Spain to facilitate instruction in writ.
ing in schools. The apparatus is de.
signed to educate the hand to move
In accordance with the will.
First of all. metallic sheets are cut
III SUCH manner as to afford graphic
designs most difficult for the
unframed muscles - angles, loops,
straight lines. crooked lines, vertical
and horizontal lines, etc. The sheets.
when used by the child. must be so ar.
ranged that they may easily be
brought together or separated, as de-
sired; and this is necessary also in
order to make the lesson difficult or
easy, as desired by the instructor.
These sheets. consequently, are fas.
tened down with screws so peculiarly
made that a certain pressure may
cause them to give bit to one side
or the other.
Under the desk is an electric bell
connected with the sheets above by q
copper wire. Below these, and en-
tirely isolated, is another system Of
sheets.
The child is brought before the in
strument and told to place his paper
between the free spaces of the sheets,
mark his outline and then punch q
key. This contact will open the elec-
trio current and make the bell ring.
If the pressure he exerts does not
make the metallic outline precisely
cover the one on his penciled paper,
the bell below rings, giving immediate
notice Of his error. The child enjoys
the "game" and is stimulated to make
his loop or curve exactly match that
of the metallic sheet.
Evening star., 1927-05-29
Camera as a Witness.

VERY frequently tA camera has
been the means tf giving con.
vincing evidence of n crime the ex-
fstence Of which. even, Nas unknown
to the operator at the time he made
the exposure. The motion picture
camera caught a bicycle thief the
other day in New York. A boy who
had been at the seaside at Newport
the previous Summer strolled into a
West Side movie" show and was
much interested in some vhws of the
famous seaside resort. which showed
not only the beach and the harbor
front. but the principal streets.
Presently he was surprised to see
himself prop his bicycle on the curb
and walk into a grocery store. A
moment later a man walked out Of
the same shop, coolly mounted the
bicycle and rode off down the street.
The boy called the attention of the
police to the picture and they recog-
nized the man as suspected char
acter against whom they had long
wished to get evidence.
An amateur photographer of a
suspicious turn of mind set an auto
matte camera with q f1ash.light at.
tachment inside the curtains of the
drawing room for the purpose of get
ting some evidence of the behavior Of
his household during his absence. In
trying to catch sprat he caught a
whale. or rather a burglar. In enter
ing the room the marauder set in
action the camera. which secured
such an excellent impression of his
features that the police were soon
able to arrest him.
Another photographer "took"
garden party. When he developed
the photograph he observed what
looked like a repulsive face in the
holly hedge that formed the back
ground of the picture. A lady pur.
chaser made the same discovery a
week later and declared that the face
resembled that of a man who had
called at her house under very sus.
picious circumstances. She informed
the police. who searched the district
and arrested criminal-the man who
had been lurking in the hedge.
Evening star., 1927-05-29
MechaNica1 dusteY Used 4u beat
ne suYface d4Yt fY0Mt Muti lated MoNeu:

ties of pulp and paper production
from worn-out currency. BY elimina.
ton and selection, the most feasible
system of disposal was then recon-
mended to the Treasury Department
for practical use.
Our current outputs of paper cur
rency are being made from mix
ture of three-fourths linen and one
fourth cotton rags. These materials
are the finest of their class adapted
for paper-money production. In COM
bining these materials in paper form,
q very low concentration of the pulp
is made, while the beater roll pressure
is applied gradually and the beating
process is never continued longer than
II hours. This results in the manu-
facture of currency paper which is
resistive to damage by folding, such
as money is exposed to in wallets,
pocketbooks and handbags. This pa
per is of good printing quality, and is
treated in special manner to protect it
against injury by grease, oil and
CRIME.
The recovered pulp obtained from
such paper currency after it has been
worn to tatters in service is of ex-
cellent quality, where the new recov-
cry methods originated by the Bureau
Of Standards are practiced. Thus
good paper money eventually becomes
good writing paper after it has served
Evening star., 1927-05-29
Radiation Pyrometer.

NO thermometer could ever be lex.
pected to record the temperature
of furnaces or of great masses Of
molten metal, although the develop
ment of science along these lines has
made it very necessary to determine
the degree of heat in furnaces and
contained in masses of metal, such
as huge steel billets and great cubes
of iron.
The discovery that two different
kinds of metal welded together pro-
duced current of electricity was the
means of inventing a means whereby
there can be determined the quantity
of heat, no matter how intense. The
current is measured by voltage and
certain temperatures produce certain
values in electrical strength, and that
is the way the amount Of heat In
measured. The electrical energy Is
measured in degrees Of heat, and this
has been found to be accurate.
The principle Is applied In won.
derful device known as the radiation
pyrometer. 1t can stand at a con.
siderable distance from the furnace
or mass of molten metal that is being
tested and 1t will record the internal
heat conditions accurately. 1t Is an
aid to better steel and iron products.
and as the world progresses 1t will be
recorded as one of the great agencies
of man to enable him to delve into
the mysteries of natures laboratories.
Evening star., 1927-05-29
Rag cutter USED 4Mtnoney 1mince meat"
SALVAGE

it's period Of official usefulness as a
medium of barter and exchange.
u X X =
THE various steps in the manufac-
l. ture of paper which is used for
currency are of interest to the general
public. What follows describes the
general procedure followed by the au-
thorized mills which produce the Spe-
cial bond paper now used by the Fed
eral Government in making the money
which Americans spend so freely.
The rags as received at the mills
are in bale form. The composite rags
are fed through dusting machines to
loosen them and to remove such inn
purities as sand and dirt. Buttons.
hooks and eyes are cut from the scrap
material which is next sorted accord
ing to quality, class, color and clean
lineSS. All carbon and coal particles
have to be removed in the busting
where the rags are intended for the
production of the finest quality paper.
Revolving knives operated at uni
form speed macerate the rags uni
formly and then the rags are once
again cleaned in the dusting machine.
Finally the "butchered" rags are
cooked in solution of lime in a ro-
tary boiler under steam pressure.
This softens the noncellulose material
and removes such impurities as dyes,
starch and grease. A five-hour ex-
posure to a temperature Of ESQ degrees
completes the cooking process. The
rags are then washed in a beater and
washing machine for several hours.
Thirty gallons of water per pound of
rags are used. After washing, the
rags are bleached with special chem
icals.
Mechanical beaters are used in pre-
pairing the rags suspended in water for
forming sheet on the paper machine.
In these beaters, the dye, filling mate
rial to produce certain surface charac-
teristics. am the sizing agent, which
Evening star., 1927-05-29
MaceEated money converted INTO
paper fou1P

to pulp and used in the commercial
manufacture OF rag writing paper.
Government scientists have conducted
comprehensive and conclusive tests at
the paper mill Of the Bureau of Stand
ards which demonstrate the feasibility
Of this scheme. Washington consum-
ers, as well as those located elsewhere
in the country, will eventually have
the opportunity to purchase station
cry made from salvaged currency and
canvas mail sacks.
Credit for these innovations in the
potential programs at the Post Office
Department and the Bureau of En-.
craving and Printing is owing to both
the Bureau of Efficiency and the Bu-
reau of Standards. The Treasury De-
partment and the Post Office Depart
ment have co-operated actively in the
campaigns. These accomplishments
are but typical illustrations of the
service which the Bureau of Efficiency
is melting: out regularly to the whole
Sam family. 1t is ferreting facts, cor
recting mismanagement, ironing errors
from Federal agencies, and generally
adjusting, repairing and Oiling our
machinery of efticacious Government.
.... X
THE Governments experimental pa.
per mill, which has been used in
the recent tests, is replete in all the
equipment which you will find in
commercial establishment. 1t is a
boiled-down edition of the worlds
largest mills used exclusively in re.
search. Its semi-commercal equip
ment includes rotary cookers, pulp
beaters, digesters, driers, presses, slit.
ter and rewinding machines, and simi-
lar machinery. During ordinary rou-.
tine, the Federal paper specialists
make no more than three or four ex-
perimental runs weekly in the Gov
ernment plant. 1t has been used in
testing out all sorts of substitutes for
forestry products in the manufacture.
Of paper from pulp. 1t will be en-
ployed in the important Investigations
launched recently by special congress
sional appropriation of $4,000, to find
commercial methods of utilizing the
waste products of the American farm,
such as corncobs, cornstalks, straw
and other unmarketable materials.
In making the macerated money
tests, redemption currency supplied
by the Treasury Department was sub
iected to a vast diversity Of expert
mentation. The Federal paper experts
used this material in making great
miscellany OF pulp. In order that they
might ascertain what grade and quail
Evening star., 1927-05-29

renders the sheet partially resistant
to the penetration of ink, are added.
The half stuff''-prepared rag mix
lures from which the paper is made
is so beaten to produce long fibers,
which develop paper strength. The
Government experiments have stand
ardized the beating process for paper
currency production, so that the most
durable dollar bills obtainable. result.
The beaten material is pumped in a
continuous stream to a refining en-
gine, which smooths out the. Jumps of
pulp and brushes the fibers SO that
they flow Independently in the wa
terry medium. The diluted stuff, now
called stock, passes to a screen COM
posed of four strong bronze plates
honeycombed with narrow Sits. 1t
sieves out the foreign particles and
other impurities not previously re-
moved. The stock is warmed by
steam as it passes through the screen.
as this makes it freer and easier to
handle on the paper machine.
This screened stock flows to a trav-
cling endless wire cloth containing
about 20 meshes to the inch. This
wire is so arranged that it receives
q reciprocating movement or shake"
every once in so often. This motion
causes the paper fibers to interweave
in all directions and produces a
stronger sheet Of paper. Special rub
ber stops at the edges of the wire pre-
vent the overflow of stock. The sur
plus water drains away through the
meshes Of the screen. The remnant
moisture is then removed by passing
over suction boxes.
The sheet is next passed through
press rolls, where it is squeezed as
dry as possible, and over iron drying
cylinders heated by steam. When the
paper is delivered from the last dry
ing roll 1t passes between a series of
highly polished metal calendering
rolls. which impart polish and surface
Evening star., 1927-05-29

ity. of paper. would yield the most
profitable returns from the. salvage
campaign The money mincemeat"
was busted thoroughly by mechanical
means and then was cooked in an
alkaline solution of special chemicals.
In this manner, the macerated. paper
was> softened to pasty, pulp-like con
sistency. 1t was subsequently de-
linked and disintegrated to fiber form
After this disintegration was COM
pleted, the material was cleaned pains
takingly in commercial beaters equip
ped with drum washers. Finally, the
clean pulp which resulted from these
operations was run through the pa
per.making machinery and concen-
trated into commercial paper suitable
for stationery or printing. purposes.
The paper samples were studied care
fully and exposed to every test known
to science to determine their quality
durability, tensile strength, opacity, re-
sistance to rupture and ability to take
ink.
The tests were repeated time and
again. The amounts and kinds of
chemicals used were varied, the me-
chanical processes were shifted about,
the methods of paper manufacture
were changed, with the final result
that, at the completion of the tests,
the Government knew all that there
was to know concerning the possibili'
Evening star., 1927-05-29

considering the wear to which our
paper money is exposed and the weak
ening effect of the various de-inking
and defibering processes, large pro-
portion of the original strength of the
fiber is lost. Notwithstanding this,
the recovered fiber paper is sufficiently
strong for the commercial purposes
mentioned. Indeed, it is stronger than
paper made from new Sulphite fiber
and quite as strong and durable as
some grades of rag fiber papers manu-
factured from the lower grades of
rags. a..
The research results which the Bu-
reau Of Standards has obtained in it's
recent currency paper tests have been
so promising that the Bureau of En-
craving and Printing is purchasing
additional equipment for use in its
recovery plant. AS soon as the new
machinery is installed, a clean pulp OF
minimum moisture content will be pro-
duced. 1t will be sold to commercial
paper mills, which will convert 1t into
fancy stationery and printing paper.
The life cycle of our dollar bills
and yellowbacks will thus be COM
pleted in manner satisfactory to all.
Uncle Sam instead of losing money in
his currency salvage operations Will
record profit of $4,000 to 100000 an
nually. More commercial paper will
be produced from waste products
without further depicting our survjv-
ing forestry resources.
The Standards specialists have also
answered the traditional inquiry of
postal officials as to what shall be
done with the WORKOUT mail sacks IN
practical and convincing manner.
During the era when our national mail
was delivered by pony express, the
stresses and strains on the mail
pouches were not particularly severe.
The leather-edged canvas containers
lived long and useful lives. When
they were permanently crippled by old
| age, they We're sold to the ragpicker
or junk dealer. l....
With more than 100000 people
now receiving mail regularly through
| American post offices, the matter OF
the worn-out mail pouch has increased
markedly in importance. In excess OF
SOC, 900 pounds of mail bags are annu.
ally retired from. active service, be-
| cause the Washington mailbag fac
tory no longer is able to repair them
for additional service. The custom has
| been to sell the $50 tons of rags to
professional dealers.
| In the future, however, the dis
carded mail pouches, which are made
of high-grade cotton, VIII be reduced
Evening star., 1927-05-29
Buddhism in Switzerland.

THE first Buddhist monastery to be
established in Europe is that
which some time ago was set up in
the canton of Ticino. i'm Switzerland,
high above the village of Novaggio,
overlooking Lake Maggior, and Lu.
gano. 1t is curious circumstance
that the founder of this monastery
was a German, native of Wies-
baden. His name is now Bikkhu Ny.
anatiloka.
1t appears that this individual de-
cided. at an early age. to renounce
the vanities of this world and that
during nine years of seclusion in Cey.
Ion he became absorbed in the study
of Buddhism. In time he attained
the rank of bikkhu, or priest. and re-
ceived the name of Nyanatiloka,
which means ''the man who possesses
the wisdom of the three worlds"
This priest was assisted in the or
ganization of the monastery in Swift
zerland by q German co-religionist,
by priest from Burma and by Eng.
lish and Dutch converts. thus five
men formed the first Buddhist BROTH
erhood in Europe. All wear the ira
ditional yellow robe of the Buddhist
monk. Upon learning that the COM
munity would undertake no active
the Swiss authorities !.
placed no obstacles in their way.
Evening star., 1927-05-29

hcsh Redemption Material Maed Money nhk~sunr lEx
eWin Divert hd
Now Nine BueauofE nd SntP F
Evening star., 1927-05-29
inc Stationery Made From Currency Salvage and Mail Sacks

iuster. The paper Is then wound on
spindles and removed from the ma
chine for active Nzs.
A hollow cylndrica! re1 covered
with wire cloth is sometimes used on
the wet end of the papF machine to
give the upper surface of the sheet
the same appearance 80 the side. in
contact with the trar cling wire of
the machine. If the paper is to be
watermarked. this y effected by a
pattern in relief on tts surface of the
cylindrical roll. Wbtn this roll re-
wolves, the pattern is impressed in the
wet pulp. and thinning in the sheet.
corresponding to the design. results.
All paper is subjected to service tests
to ascertain it's tougAness, durability
and trueness to class f'efore being used
commercially or in Government work.
Evening star., 1927-05-29
BY GEORGE III. DACY.

~ KONEY MINCEMEAT"-the
- NH macerated redemption cur
V rency of the United States
4 i Treasury-is not used in
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05

under the five-year air service ex.
pansion program.
Ths movements are part Of the
tive.ysar program designed to make
the Army air service one Of the
finest in the world.
The Ninety.ninth Squadron upon
its arrival IN Texas win be con.
verted into d school squadron ana
will replace forces TO be ordered
to California 70 open q new school
of instruction there.
The force at Boiling Field will
remain at half strength for the
greater part OF q year. but under
the new program will become even
stronger than before.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05
NJ D n I GOMERY
RREVITIEs

ROCKVILLE, MD. April s.--The
annual spring conferences Of the
public school teachers OF Mont.
eomery county viii be held in the
high school building here Saturday.
and virtually ell Of the $50 teachers
Of the county are expected to at.
tend, according 10 announcement BY
Prof. Edwin w. Broome. county
superintendent OF schools. who will
be In charge.
Following the conferences, the high
school teachers will meet at Rock.
vile, the elementary teachers at
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05
AIR UNIT
TO Be GUT

The Army air force at Boiling
Field. Anacostia will be reduced
50 per cent about June when
the Ninety.ninth Squadron. an OBJ.
servatIon group, win be ordered
away to san Antonio. Tex, il was
announced today.
The other squadron now. there.
the Fifty.sixth, viii be ordered to
Texas probably about January i,
after the Ninenty.ninth has been
replaced BY new personnel recruited
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05
Win aprize 100
for avord makers

See how nlany Rcrds ycu can rAAiuA
ont Of the letters used In tbs titIS,
SMART SET" $50 In cash d
the person who sends In the IarE.
est numbef III word as for the
seeOnd Largest number Of words
SO for the third largest nurAber
and 81 to each Of the next fifteen
highest. Full details In May
SMART SET. Here's lots OF fun
and the ppssibiIity of prizA. Get
your SMART SET today.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05
Void TRUE LIFE
INCLUDING =,

INCLUDING -
Panther Woman
or Wife?
Revealing the sinister, fas,
cinatinG dangers that Turk
for every man and woman
In the land Of the Lotus
Flower.
My Bush-Le
Lover
A baseball story 40 swift
and thrilling a. q big league
game--with love and fame
a. the stake.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05
S0YlET IAlLS III.

NEW YORK April 5.-More than
100000 political prisoners are CON.
fined in Russian jailG and in Siberian
detention camps, according to figures
made public by the Relief Society Tor
Socialist Prisoners and Exiles In
Soviet Russia, with headquarters
here. The figures, according to the
announcement, are compiled on the
basis Of official statistics Of the
Soviet government, which have just
reached this country.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05

An English msteorologist who has
compiled worldwide statistics mas
figured that the earth has about
$4,000 thunder-storrns day. aver.
aging 1000 lightning flashes q sec.
md
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05
Hunted Lovers

Hunted Lovers
Astieflng coli rOmanee
of q GIRL who dared the.
dangers Of the wild White
NCRfh.
Secondhand
Husbands
Elmer Glyn. who thrilled
the world with "Three
Week. and cit" tells the
dangers and attractions 81
divorced man as possible
life mates.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05

Clement, the primary teachers At
oaithsrabbrg and the one.room teach.
ers 1T Ounce Orchard.
Demonstration III teaching will
be given by Misses ocie Dodd. Sarah
johnson and Anita Pepmelr at
Glenmont, Gaithersbnrg and Ounce
Orchard. respectively. which viii be
followed BY discussions Of the de.
nlonstrations and other appropriate
subjects.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05

Must she overstep the bounds Of convention In these days
of youthful sophistication interest the man of her
choice seriously?
spo's ,ou had tsp dssg sRd nSer I 9 5
wildness interested him? And would YOU be right If
you led him to think you too unconventional
Read Peggy Lanes candid frstperson account Of her
own experience just Of twenty stories you'll find in
May SMART SET.
But get your copy today.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1927-04-05

SCHUYLER D. ORRRI.L. =
young Los Angeles brokerage
cashier. trusted to breakfast food
steam locomotive stocls to lead
him to vast riches. Instead,
they led him to the county Jail
on : charge Of swindllne his
employers ont Of S2a4. 900.