davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
F A r M E. r S
RMS LOSE 100000 POPULATION in S YEARS,
DESPITE COOPERATION

But in the meantime farm prices had
declined about SO per cent. At 1919
prices the farm products sold coop
eratively in 1924 would have brought
S1,335,000,000. In other words the
quantity of farm goods sold on a CO.
operative basis probably increased IS
per cent in the five-year interval.
Cooperative purchases by farmers
are not nearly as extensive as their
cooperative sales. In 1924 the value
Of supplies comparatively purchased
was 75,e32, 799 compared with $s4,-
615,669. At 1919 prices the goods
purchased comparatively by farmers
in 1924 would have cost at least $780,
100000, an increase of about % per
cent over the cooperative purchases
of 1919.
Go to Cities.
A recent report of the u. S. de-
partment Of agriculture shows that
in the two years since the census was
taken the farm population has lost
further 1,O89,000 bringing the total
Jan. 1, 1927 down to about 1885,, 900.
The department, pointing to the de-
crease of $4,000 during 1926 as the
biggest decrease in any year since
1920, says:
at is estimated that 2,155,000 per-
sons moved from farms to cities,
towns and villages last year, and that
1,135,000 persons moved from farms,
making a net movement Of 100000
persons away from farms. Births on
farms during 1926 are estimated at
65S,000 and deaths at $4,000, leav-
ing a natural increase Of 371 900 per-
sons, which reduced the loss due to
cityward movement to 649,000."
There was a net movement Of S34,-
000 persons away from farms in 1925.
In the last two years pressure on the
farms has produced from the farms
a total of 1,S54,000 persons available
for employment in industry and trade.
This shows where industrial capital
is meeting the cutting off of the
supply of immigrant labor.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
Brave CIOakmakGrS
Send Greetings to
Friends From Jail

"Prisons can't stop us from fight
ing for a union that viii serve the in
terest Of the workers" is the message
sent from prison by Gussie and Clara
Kimberg, who will finish sentence
Of thirty days iisw1sl Thursday, for
their loyal service to the union during
the cloakmakers' strike.
The two sisters We're convicted in
Brooklyn court in spite Of the fact
that the scab, Mrs. Anna Bloom, who
appeared against them, admitted on
the witness stand that she was mot
sure" that the Kimberg sisters had
struck her when she was going home
from the scab shop, but made the
complaint against tenn because they
had worked in the same shop before
they went out on strike.
In letter to their friends in the
union, the sisters wrote as follows:
"Raymon prison,
April 10, 1927.
Dear Comrades:
I'VE are sure that you are interested
to know how we feel here in Jail.
Comrades, if we ever felt courage
GUS and enthusiastic, so we feel here
at present. We are sure that YOU
tried your best to prevent our being
sent here, but the united front of the
bosses with the Right Wing tried
their best that we shall suffer in pri-
son. The cloakmakers will learn that
even prison can't stop Us from fight
ing for a union that will serve the
interests of the workers. We are
glad that we are going to be freed
soon so we will be able to continue
our honest work until we will win.
Yours for victory,
Gussie and Clala Kimberg."
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02

THE WORKING WOMAN CONSTRUCTS SOCIALISM

the second shift; meanwhile she is
drying her plates and knives and
forks.
In 1903, the workers, the party
nucleus. and the factory trade union
committee decided that
"Kommissarova must be elected to
the Soviet"
After some time Kommissarova be-
came member Of the executive COM
mittee Of the Kressnopressny district
Soviet, and since the XII congress OF
Soviets she became a member Of the
all-Russian central executive commit
tee Of the Soviets.
At first she would speak hesitat-
ingly and nervously at the session of
the district executive, and then she
would become more daring. Now she
is participating in the work of the
commissions of the VTSIK.
1t was she, together with Baska-
kova and other rank and file women
workers, who put the question ia
writing as to what our government
does in connection with the hostile ae-
tivities Of Great Britain. In this little
note the anger Of the workers of the
Soviet Union against the London
pirates was expressed.
"Of course" says she, "Comrade
Larin formulated the question much
nicer, but the thoughts were ours.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
Represent 100 Workers
At Salem Conference to
Shield Immigrant Labor

PEABODY, Mass, May 1.-The
Salem & Peabody council for protec-
ton Of the foreign born workers held
its second conference Sunday after
noon April oath at the Volks Schulz,
Sc Main St., Peabody. State Organ
izer Fenigston brought a message of
greeting from James r. Maurer.
Wright H. Gregson, secretary to
Mayor Brakeman of Peabody, brought
message of greeting from the
mayor and offered the mayors and
his own full support. Other speak
ers were Louis Marks of the Steno-
graphers' Union, and Levansky, a
Polish speaker.
LOO Workers Represented.
Organizations present represented
a membership of 1,700 workers OF
various nationalities. An executive
committee as follows was elected, to
lay plans for future work: Alfred
Coral of the Independent Polish So
ciety; Eugene Nizoroki Of the United
Polish Societies of Salem and Pea
body; Andrij Sudka of the Polish
Workers Sick & Mutual Aid Society;
G. Marenia of the Polish Socialist
Alliance of Salem; John Humenuk of
international Labor Defense; Mat
thew Koski of the Finnish Workers
Club; L. Kupriance of the Russian
Benefit Society; D. Rosenfeld of the
Independent Workmen's Circle; JUL
JUS Sklarsky of Jewish Volks Schulz;
F. Lewchuck of the Russian Ind. Mu.
tual Aid, and Edward Malik of the
st. Stanley Polish Society, chairman
of the conference.
The conference resolved that the
executive committee draw up a reso-
luton protesting against the refusal
Of the Mass. supreme Court for
retrial Of Sacco-Vanzetti. The execu-
tive committee will meet Wednesday
night at Sc Main St., Peabody, at 1880
p. m.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
JingOes Riot Over Filters.

RIO JANEIRO, May 1.-The
failure of Commander Barros to
reach Brazil in his flight from the
Cape Verde Islands yesterday, and
the success of Major Beires, the Por-
tuguese flier in completing the flight
several weeks ago, has had a fatal
sequel.
Portuguese and Brazilian citizens
engaged in a dispute last night rela-
tive to the merits of the Brazilian
and Portuguese filters and the dispute
led to serious rioting. One is known
dead and several were injured in the
fighting. The Portuguese newspaper
Patria was raided by mobs.
Commander Barros was forced
down in the ocean off the Brazilian
coast but was picked up by a war;
ship.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
BY LELAND OLDS.
(Eeierafed pressN

A sharp drop in the farm popula-
n compared with 1920 and pro-
unced increase in the burden Of
nm mortgages are outstanding fea-
res in the 1925 farm census of the
lited States compiled by the depart
INT of commerce. The census fig
es reflect the drastic deflation far
ers have suffered since the war
ON.
The farm population Of the country
1925, according to the census, num-
red 28,9S1.693. In 1920 the figure
as 31,614,269 so that even after al
vance for certain differences in
lthering statistics between the two
nsus years the farm population APP
airs to have fallen at least 100000.
Fewer Farmers.
There were 6,371, $40 farms in 1925
impaired with 6,44S,343 in 1920 and
961, 500. in 1910. OF these $685. 400
ere oPel,ted by the full owners in
'25 and S,oS6,5tO by full owners in
l20.
The census bureau received reports
j the mortgage debt carried by l.
2S,207 Of these owner-operated
arms. The total value Of these mort
aged farms, hcluding land and
was $1,000, 244. 351 and the
otal mortgage d.bt s4.517.25s.6se.
he 1920 reports lowered 1,19S,OA7
1ortgaged farms ya(ued at S13.775.-
OO.O13 with a combined MORTGAGE
ebt of $4,000, 765192N Thus the COM E
nation Of slump il farm values
~teady increasG h MORTGAGE
we raVlD Of mortgage
of the farms
41.9 per cent.
ration.
striking increase
sales and purchases
seen 1919 and 1924.
alue of farm products
lvely was 1851, 652,166
III 1921, 9S3,639 in 1919.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
CURRENT EVENTS

Continued from Page O,te)
GERS and ordinary reporters are eloat-
ing over the prospect of sending two
unfortunate persons to the electric
chair. The efforts of those Maid
bunk-artists to raise the level of
murder-reporting, are ludicrous tho
painful to the mind Of every person
who has managed to retain something
Of the decency that is supposed TO be
born with a human being. OF course
the capitalist papers are taking adj.
vantage of this horrible murder case
(Gray-Snyder) to increase circulation
and having gotten into a mess over
the Peaches-Browning scandal called
IN our new crop Of literary cynics 10
take the smell off their rags.
As Win Rogers points out. the lives
Of thousands are at itakc in the
mississippi flood disaster, vet for
very reporter covering that catastro-
pne there are twenty at the Gray
Snyder trial. In connection with tia
iioou, as another writer pointed out
the United States government can
afford to spend millions Of dollars
protecting the interests Of American
capitalists in Mexico, Nicaragua and
China but depends on popular sub
scription to alleviate the sufferings
Of the food victims. Who said this
Is government Of the people for
the people and by the people?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
Supreme Court Tests Sterilization.

WASHINGTON, May 1.--wheth.
er under the federal constitution in
diyidual states have the right to pass
laws for the sterilization of heredi-
tary detectives is before the United
States supreme court for decision.
The court has just heard arguments
on the constitutionality of Virginia
statute under which sterilization was
ordered of girl inmate Of the state
colony for epileptics and feeble
minded.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
American Auto Barred
From German Exhibits

BERLIN, May 1.-Becau
American automobiles will participate
in the outlaw exhibition at Dortmund
next month, they may be barred from
the international automobile exhibi-
tons staged by German manufac-
turers, it was learned yesterday.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02
TO Ratify Federal
Recruiting Union
For Auto Industry

WASHINGTON, May 1. (FP).-
Formal ratification of the terms ac-
copied by the executives Of interna-
tional unions interested in organiz-
ing the automobile factory workers
is first on the program of the execu-
tive council of the American FEEDER
alton Of Labor, which will meet May
10th in Indianapolis.
These terms, drafted after a series
Of conferences and council discus
sions, provide that the international
unions shall place organizers at the
disposal of the council, which will
have charge of the campaign to bring
250,000 workers, now employed in
automobile factories, into federal la
Dor unions affiliated directly with
the A. F. of L.
Union of Unskilled.
When the industry has been defin-
itely unionized, over period of from
one to three years, the question Of
distributing the recruits to the var
ious trade unions will be raised. But
the bulk of these new members OF
the labor movement will not qualify
as mechanics. They will remain, pro-
badly, in federal unions until they
vote to apply for an international
charter of their own.
H. H. Rice, assistant to the presi-
dent Of the General Motors Corpora
ton, will lead a discussion of "The
growing Importance of the part play
ed by labor relations in the success
or failure of modern industry" at the
group session of the
Chamber Of Commerce of the United
States, beginning May 8 in Washing
ton.
Machinist Answers.
President P. ]. Conlon of the
International Association of Machin-
lists, commenting on the press state
ment issued by the Chamber on the
Importance of this discussion, said
that General Motors has not shown
any disposition to prosecute trade
whom it may find in its EN-
ploy, but it has always refused to
deal with the unions. The forthcom-
ing campaign by the American Fed
GRAFTON of Labor to enroll the 100000
workers in automobile factories into
unions will possibly be influenced,
by the attitude which Rice
is to present to the other manufac-
turers.
The effect of employe-ownership of
stock in corporations, on the indus
trial relations of those corporatio rs,
has not yet been studied sufficiently
to warrant definite Judgment. Hut
Conlon believes that a good many
workers have actually been persuaded
that $40 annual dividend on stock
they have been compelled to buy from
the boss is better for them than $40
increase in annual wages from the
same boss. This form of hallucination
has been one of the worst impedi-
ments to union organization, in the
past two years, in the bigger indus
tries.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1927-05-02

BUY THE DAILY WORK Err
AT THE NEW ISLANDS
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
Convicts to Be Given
Freedom for Flood Fight

BATON ROUGE, La, June %
Remission of sentences under the
most liberal Interpretation of the law
will be the reward of several hun
dred prisoners at the state prison
farm here, officials declare.
In many cases remission of sem
tence will amount to dismissal from
the penitentiary as the time off in
cluded will amount to more than the
remaining time to be served H. c..
Pitcher, general manager of the pris-
on. said Tuesday.
The reward not only will extend to
those actually engaged in work on
the levees, but to the women who did
their part behind the lines, working
early and late in porviding coffee
and food to the men on the ramparts.
During the whole flood fight only
two prisoners attempted to escape
out of the hundreds of convicts who
were free on the levees and could
have bolted for liberty at almost any
time. The two almost Immediately
were recaptured.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
URBAN LEAGUE
SAYS RACE GAINS
In EMPLOYMENT

NEW YORK. June 3O.-The Ma
tional Urban League summarizes
employment conditions as follows:
While reports from New Jersey,
Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, Texas, Mary
land, Virginia. Oregon, Michigan,
Indiana. North Carolina, Pennsyl-
vania, Arkansas, Massachusetts, and
New York showed little change in
the employment status of Negro
wage-earners some little advance
was reported for both Negro women
and men. The notable improvements
were reported from Cleveland, Plain
field and Boston.
In Cleveland there was a "slow
but steady increase in opportunities
offered men in skilled work" Two
openings in positions formerly held
by other workers were reportd and
placements showed decided increase
over those of the previous month.
In P1ainfield N. j., a concern manu.
featuring metal toys gave employ
ment to so colored girls, and re-
ported that their work was very
satisfactory. In Boston rs new
openings were obtained in hotels
and IS factory placements were Sc
cured in Jobs thai had not been fill
ed by Negroes. From Texas word
came that Negro labor was regain.
ing many places occupied by Mexi-
cans, and many Cities reports activ-
ity in the building trades.
The American Federation Of Mu.
sicians protested against and there
by removed discriminatory practices
against Negroes in dining rooms and
hotels during its annual session in
Baltimore, ,Seyfsal years ago this
same organizations insistence
brought about similar results in st
Louis.
Running only three months, a
local labor union of longshoremen
in Newark has a membership OF
1900.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
FISK TO MERGE
WITH MEHARRY
SAYS REPORT

NASHVILLE, Tenn, June 30
The merger of Fisk University and
Meharry Medical College will take
place in the near future, according
to reports here.
Both schools are located in this
city and with the addition of a law
and theological school the new Fisk
would become the largest university
of the south.
Additional funds raised last week
amounting to some $4,000 have al
ready assured Fisk of the $1,000.
600 endowment fund which the new
president DR.. Thomas E. Jones. has
been campaigning to raise during
the past year.
Fisk was founded in 1855 by the
American Missionary Association
and Western Freedmen's Aid COM
mission. 1t is now owned by an in.
dependent board of trustees, com.
posed of white and colored men OF
the south. In the past it has laid
emphasis upon its college work. It's
academy and its music department
MtulIdl NOlltBG Wds
founded in 1876 by Gene Hubbard
through the gift of the five Meharry
brothers. Until recently the schoo
was a part of Walden University
now Walden College, which is own
ed by the Freedmen's Board ant
the Methodist Episcopal Church
The Freedmen's Board in 1915 made
the institution Independent and ap
pointed a board of trustees, tho
majority of whom are members o.
the Methodist Church.
Outside of Howard University, Me
harry is the only medical institution
for colored students in the country
Hubbard Hospital, a well equipped
institution. is maintained in connec
tion with the school which gradual
ed over 100 physicians, dentists
pharmacists and nurses this year.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
new YORK BANS
NEGRO SHOWS
ON BROADWAY

NEW YORK, June 3O.-It is now
certain that the curtain has at last
dropped on colored shows on Broad
way in New York.
1t has been officially given out
from down town theatres that they
will not use any more colored COM
panies with colored women and only
short-order colored men teams now
and then.
Both the Loew and Keith circuits
were forced to bar the colorcd fe-
male actresses bcause OF the gigan-
tic protest from prominent white
women here, who in their protests
claimed that the shapely forms of
the colored girls tranced their hus-
bands and sons to such an extent
that 1t has caused much domestic
trouble. A Mrs Marcus Van Doren,
of West End Avenue, in a heated
personal protest in a down town Of
flee said under the pressure of in
dignation, that her husband and her
neighbor's sons have been making
since the colored women have been
playing on Broadway.
Mrs. Annie Fergie, of Riverside
Drive. came in at the same time and
also entered mild protest but with
out specifications against colored fe-
male shows. She said that in her
opinion all of the colored actresses
should keep themselves in their
places-that's in the kitchen, where
they are most usful and even then
we are not safe.
But at any rate, sudden damper
has already been placed upon color
ed shows on Broadway with female
actresses for next season. In fact,
an unwritten edict has been issued
that is already effective.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
DIXIE ALARMED
BY MICRATIONOF
RACE CITIZENS

ATLANTA, Ca, June 30.-The
southern states are becoming alarm
ed as new wave of migration
among colored Americans Is report
ed to be sweeping the south. The
exodus to the North has been de-
finitely reported by authorities in
most of the southern states. The
situation is especially evident in
Louisiana and Alabama, and in
these states authorities are debating
means of keeping their colored citi-
zens.
The suggestion put forth as to
ways and means of stopping the mi
grafton have been wide and numer-
Gus. Seeing the necessity of giving
the colored American better treat
ment If they hope for them to con-
tinue to live below the Mason, Dixon
line, plans for improvement of their
conditions have been especially
prominent.
Another suggestion is the enact
ment of legislation similar to Gecr-
gia's which makes 1t unlawful for
any labor agent to recruit colored
workers for any city outside the
state Agents from Northern cities
are particularly active now, it is
said.
Another proposal would be to
make conditions more attractive for
the colored citizen so he would not
be lured away so easily by promises
of better jobs and more money in
the North. Best authorities In the
South admit living conditions for
the Negro are anything but desir-
able.
The only way, IL is pointed out,
for the Southern cities to keep their
colored workers, is to build better
schools, better houses and better
streets in the race sections, and
higher wages and more money for
recreational purposes and public
parks.
The cities of Birmingham and
New Orleans are said to be losing
race population steadily and vigor.
Gus campaigns have been launched
in both localities to check the exod.
us. The labor commissioner OF
Louisiana is authority for the state.
ment. Orleans will face a crisis
If the ranks of colored workers in
the employ of contracting firms are
further depleted.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
Methodist Bishops Meet
To Plan Union

PITTSBURGH, Pa.-Bishops of A.
M. E. Church and A. M. E. Zion
Church are in council here.
The A. M. f. bishops opened their
council at Bethel Church, the Rev. J.
G. Anderson, pastor, Tuesday morn
ing. Bishop A. L. Gaines preached
the opening sermon.
The A. NJ. Z. Zion bishops are
holding a separate meeting. but a
committee headed bv the Rev. w.
Jones is meeting with a committee
from the A. M. E. Church. headed bv
Bishop ]. Albert johnson. to work
out program of unification of the
two churches. f
Final word of the unification of
the two churches must be said by the
general conference. but the commits
sion meeting this week will not only
select the name, but will make an
effort to rearrange the Episcopal dis
tricts so that no Zion and no A. M. Z.
bishops will be in the same state 50
that schools with two denominations
will be consolidated wherever pos
sible.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
Asks $4,000 Damages
Result Kansas Riot

C0FFEYVILLE, Kan, June 27.-
With the 90-day period following the
race rioting expiring Saturday the
Claim of G.. w. Anderson, colored
for $4,000 damages against the city
of Coffeyville was filed with the city
clerk Friday afternoon. n
Anderson, who is a brother of N.
b. Anderson, owner of the pool hall
which has figured so widely in riot
stories, says in his claim that as he
was en- route to his home from the
Peoples Drug Store the night of
March 18 he was hit in the jaw by a
charge of shot and severely wounded.
This is the first time that the
woundlng of this claimant had been
made public. Other Negroes wounded
who have filed claims in the riot
shooting were his brother, N. b. An
derson and Herschel Ford.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
Federated Club Women In Session
Drinking Sticks"
Home in East Africa

WASHINGTON. = The Ma
tional Geographic Society claims
to have found the grandfather
of the straw through which
Americans sip sodas and other
soft drinks. IL is the drinking
stick" of Jubaland, on the East
African coast.
Yak trees of Jubsland have
cavities in their trunks in which
rainwater collects and is pre-
served for months. IL is impos-
sible to dip the water out, so the
natives and travellers carry
drinking sticks" to sip through.
The drinking stick" is two feet
long, half an inch in diameter
and has hollow center as big
as a pencil.
The Enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930, 1927-07-01
Wesley Samuels VIII
Recover from Poisoning

EVERETT, Wash.-The condition
of Wesley Samuels, 2214 Wetmore
Avenue. who was rushed to Provi-
dence Hospital early Tuesday morn
ing, in a serious condition as result
of poisoning, was reported excellent
by hospital attendants at 1: 80 a. m.
Wednesday. He will recover.
Samuels, who had been i'll, accord
ing to information to authorities, was
reported to police as missing be-
tween s and 9 p. m. Monday.
His parents expressed considerable
concern over his disappearance and
police instituted a search. Shortly
before 4 o'clock he was found uncon-
scious on the porch of the j. H. Ju-
leen home, 1929 Colby Avenue, by
Mrs. Juleen. He was taken to the
hospital in a Jerread ambulance.