davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
INDIAN CLASSED AS AN
AMERICAN

The American Indian is not an
alien in the sense that he may be
barred from this country under ex-
listing immigration laws. in the
opinion Of Judge oliver B. Dickon-
son, of the United States District
Court.
Judge Dickinson has so ruled in
the case of Paul Diabo, and Irri-
Quois of the Caughnawaga reserva-
ton, Canada, who was arrested,
charged with having entered
this country without a visa. The
decision brought step nearer con-
clusion the long legal contest be-
tween the immigration authorities
and attorney for Mr.. Diabo. who
were engaged by the Six Nations,
the confederation of six big Indian
tribes Of North America, to defend
the case.
Pending possible appeal by this
Government, Mr.. Diabo was re-
leased from the custody of the i'm
migration authorities in $500 bail.
The case was first heard before
the Commissioners of immigration
at the Port of Philadelphia, who
decided Mr.. Diabo was an alien and
ordered him deported. This deci-
sion was sustained in Washington
by the Sec1 etary of Labor's board
Of review. As Mr.. Diabo was
about to be deported, his counsel
obtained a writ of habeas corpus
and the decision of Judge Dickin-
son just rendered was on mat
writ.
Commenting on his decision,
Judge Dickinson asserted that he
might have taken too broad a
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
HATCHERY BUNK

At a particular control over AL
askan salmon it is estimated that
1868, 100000 eggs and fry were
launched into life and 3,740,00O
adult fish. came back and it is
thought all who escaped infant
mortality did come back-so that
the loss was 99.77 per cent. Or,
in other words it took $50 fry to
make fish. And at this rate the
annual one billion, one hundred
million fry and fingerlings from
the whole battery Of hatcheries
would produce one-third of a fish
per fishermen per annum.-Secre-
tary Hoover.
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22

to have gotten his start in the
business by robbing traps.
Not SO many years ago Joe"
Baronovich operated his seine boat
out of Ketchikan and he condemn
ed the trap system which deprived
him of making decent living. He
got in to the trap game and now
tries to kid himself into believing
a great injustice being done the
independent trappers. He forgets
his brother in Kasaan and Other
relatives struggling for the few
dollars to keep the wolf from the
hack as well as the front door
These men are kidding them
selves into believing that they are
fighting a battle for the independ-
ent trap owners when they are only
pulling the chestnuts out of the
fire for the big trap men.
Talk about hurting the logging
industry. Did you read about the
Yes Bay bringing up $4,000 worth
Of piling from the sound just d
short time back and other lows of
piling that the industry does not
mention? And they pirate about the
hurt done the logging industry
bunk.
The Trap Interest Fog Horn tells
OF Nick Neussbaumer, manager
of the Wrangell Mill and Power
Company leaving an affidavit pro-
testing the tax measures on the
trap system. Nick has changed his
views a whole lot since getting his
old job in the mill back. We re-
member his expressing his views
quite pointedly against the damn"
traps. But then Nick has a job and a
hold it, he must speak the little
piece his boss johnny Grant
gives to him.
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
TRAP OWNERS PROTEST

W. T Mahoney. formerly United
States Commissioner at Ketchikan;
E. J. Murray, formerly associated
with c ] Alexander and Company.
and Joseph Baronovich, all indie
pendent salmon trap owners and
authorized representatives Of the
independent trap owners organiza-
ton of Ketchikan and vicinity. ar
rived in Juneau last night on the
gasboat Golden West They are
here to oppose the proposed in
crease on taxes On traps and fish
ermen.
Mr.. Mahoney declared that
There are more than 100 indie
pendent trap owners in the First
Division south of Wrangell. They
are all permanent residents of
Alaska. Most of them have their
homes and families. More than a
dozen Indians are interested in
trap ownership. and operation.
They have some $4,000 invested
in traps and $4,000 in boats. in
addition to their homes and other
property.
'The independent trap owners
sell their fish to the canneries.
which give them fine treatment and
cooperation in doing business.
'tThese trap owners give employ
ment to hundreds of people be-
sides furnishing a market for log
gers and sawmills for piles and
timber and lumber, in addition to
other supplies and equipment pur-
chased from the local merchants at
Ketchikan. Wrangell and other
points.-Juneau Umpire.
"Kinky' Alexander, formerly
of the Hoonah Pack
ing Company was a fisherman on
the Sound and according to a man
who was operating in the same
game at the same time. he is said
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
A POOR JOKE

'"The gentleman from Alaska in
dicates that the regulations spac-
ing traps a certain distance apart
to relieve the canning companies
the expense of maintaining dummy
traps and to maintain the trap mon
opoly. This is absolutely errone-
GUS. The regulations Of 1926,
which increased the lateral dis
lance between traps in southeastern
Alaska from 1900 feet to mile,
were promulgated solely in the in
terests of conserving the salmon
fisheries. No consideration whatev-
er was given as to whether traps
of large or small companies or in
dividuals would be eliminated or
in an way effected. In this way
traps as well as other types Of fish
ing gear were made to feel the
burden Of the regulations. Con
gresham Free in the Congressional
Record.
The most sickening drivel that
Alaska fishermen have had to read
in long time. Even the trap in
terests themselves have admitted
that this regulation was Of great
benefit to them in the cutting out
of the expense of putting In dummy
traps. Wonder why this champeen
of the trap interests does not in
sist on having traps in the Cali
fornia waters. He is welcome to all
the burdens that he wishes to i'm
pose on resident Alaskans..
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
OANNERIEs LOSING MONEY

The average profit on investment
IN salmon canneries and equipment
was only two percent in the past
six year average, says Mr. August
i3uschman. We remember when
the Alaska Packers Association
Aost $4,000 during one season and
that same winter they declared a
dividend of $500 per share. Dur
ing the past few months they again
declared an extra dividend OF "
per share for the quarter ended.
these companies could operate at
q loss and still declare dividends.
We wish that they would pass their
secret along to resident business
men so that they too might be able
to put everything in the blue in
stead of the red because OF lack
OF earning power OF their resident
trade.
Craig Miller, manager OF the
Swift-Arthur-Crosby Co., at Warm
Chuck is another canneryman al
ways losing" money. His brother
the late Bert Miller said, Iwould
like to lose money like my brother.
He is always losing money through
mis- cannery operations yet he has
q personal bank account Of over
$4,000 and he started with
nothing"
Like wise, We might say, we
would like to- see resident business
men get an average dividend OF
two percent for the next six years
and have personal bank accounts
OF $4,000 out of their business,
leaving still sufficient to install
complete line of new equipment
to avoid the high income tax rate.
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22

less destruction" Of Alaska's fish
cries. We remember as far back
as 1913 report by the then bureau
agent in Alaska, Mr.. e. P. Walk
er, calling to the attention of the
department the danger Of over-pro-
duction. Not making mention Oh
petitions and memorials that mad
been sent to Washington.
With production of over 6,000,-
900 cases last year, how can the
Secretary justify his position OF
conservation salmon when he per
mits greater expansion in the in
dustry under his conservation meas
ures than at any time before he at
tempted to regulate the industry ?
The proposed Executive orders fo9
the reservation system which Mr..
Hoover declared to be only a tenn
orary device, was again attempt
ed through legislation but it had
met the wrath of Alaskans and
failed of passage. These same re-
gulations and reservation system
were set forth in San Francisco by
the Alaska Packers with Mr..
O'Malley as chairman of the meet
ing. And it is to be noted by care
full reading of the regulations that ii
was adopted as presented by the
packers without any change what
soever.
In the face of these facts. those
who have made a study of all pre-
sent discriminatory regulations of
our fisheries can only condemn Mr..
Hoover and his cohorts in the Bu-
reau of Fisheries as being the ap-
pointed tools of the packing indus
try.
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
and humane consideration to the
resident fishermen.
When Mr.. Buschmann talks OF

resident fishermen.
When Mr.. Buschmann talks OF
the high quality" OF the salmon
sold from trap production we only
point to the report OF the Congress
,onal committee which called atten'
lon to the putrid salmon sold the
army during the war for "pay-tri-
QUO" reasons; to the contiscation Oh
several thousand cases this winter;
to the method Of handling trap sal
mon in large scows carrying TWEEN
ty, thirty and forty thousand sal
mon two and three hundred mile;
and the salmon laying in scows for
SO to 56 hours. The same salmon
packed as pure" food when the
nsh at the bottom OF the scoWs had
20 be shoveled out because the
tsh pues tore through the flesh
OF "mushy" salmon.
There is not one statement made
by Mr.. Buschman that can stanO
searching investigation and fan
trial by those atIected by the ndus.
try.
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22

The outlook for the coming OF
large capital for the development
of Alaska resources was never
brighter. Things are going nicely
and the course ahead looks fine.
1t is a time to sit pretty and not
ock the boat
Give them the Territory and
then get out.
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
"FISH TRAPS ESSENTIAL

Appearing before the Senate
Committee, August Buschman,
president of the Deep Sea Sal
mon Company. Port Althorpe, near
Sitka, declared that The salmon
canning industry OF Southeastern
Alaska couldn't operate without
traps. it could not get enough fish
to keep it's plants turning, and even
if it could, it couldn't sell the fish
it packed"
Mr.. Buschman has forgotten d
whole lot that he learned about
fishing prior to the advent of that
efficient instrument of depletion
Of population as well as salmon.
There are many men right in Pc
tersburg who remember when the
Petersburg Packing company put
w klS SAtl4 PAIN 1lOm 6S1AC0 duQ
their was no special difficulty in
selling the pack. If we are cor
rectly informed, the Buschmann
family put up this cannery. Others
point to the Alaska Packers Asso-
citation canneries at Loring AMI
Wrangell which put up 100000
and 10000 cases respectively and
WITHOUT THE USE OF A SING
LIE TRAP. Wrangell employed 20
crews employing from one to one
hundred and twenty men and in
proportion the Loring canneriy en-
ployed larger crew. The Santa
Ana Cannery. Northwestern Fish
cries Company put up $4,000 cas-
es and employed about ten crews
averaging 60 men to the pack.
Those who are familiar with fish
ing conditions of 20 years ago GER
tainly know that the packs were
put up by seines and to declare 1t
impossible to do SO at this date is
falsehood.
The fish sold today are done so
under more intensive campaign
and through national advertising. IL
the old day these same fish were
sold by the hit or miss method and
canneries were built and paid for
from the profits of the pack. The
tish, sold just as well then as they
could. be-, now. The packers to-
day need give only little human
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22

view of the question, but that the
Indians had always been recogniz-
ed by the United States as nation
and as a race Independent of the
Government in the ordinary sense
of the phrase.
THE boundary line to establish
the respective territory of the
United States and of Great Britain
was clearly not intended to, and
just as clearly did not affect the
indians" the court said.-Chris-
ian Science Monitor.
The ruling of the courts in this
case is being watched with inter
est by the people of Metlakatla az
they are travelling back and forth
from and to Old and New Metla-
katla. While the question has new
er been raised in Alaska, it could
be and cause no end of incon-
venience.
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
DAMNING ADMISSIONS

/. Soon afer 1921 Mr.. HOOver's at
tentiOn was called to this rath-
The Alaskan., 1927-04-22
WHEN Is CONSERVATION?

Soon after taking ONCE in March,
1921, my attention was called to
this ruthless destruction then in
course by the then director OF fish
cries, DR.. Hugh M. Smith. 1t was
my manifest obligation to interest
myself in it's remedy. Proposals
mad been for some time before
Congress for an extension of auth
GRITTY beyond the very limited act
OF 1906 (Which act had proved in
sufficient to meet the situatlon). L
was informed that that there had
Deen opposition from Gamers to such
legislation and wide conflict OF
okinion among them as well as 9TH
Ell parties as to methods.
with a desire to secure some
unity of action, 1 invited THE
GAMERS to attend a meeting i'll
Washington in November, 1921,
and l believe the chairman of your
committee attended that meeting,
which was also open to the public.
[ appealed to the Gamers in ma
-jonal interest to act constructively
in support of your committee. A
majority of them agreed to do So.
A minority refused to support re-
strictive legislation.* . Meantime,
L was informed by the commission
er. of fisheries that a large eXpan-
sion in canning was projected in
the less exhausted waters of north
western Alaska. There was no stat
uatory remedy for control of this
emergency situation except the linn
tied authority of the law of 1906.
The first serious suggestion which
came to me for the handling OF
this emergency was from DR.. Smith,
who PROPOSED THAT EXECU-
TIVE RESERVATIONS SHOULD
BE CREATED in this area as
could be promulgated in this area
as would hold the situation in sta
tn quo pending action by Congress.
President to create the Alaska Pen
insula Reservation, which was sub
sequently extended to the whole Of
Northwestern Alaska. Commits
sioner Smith drew up rules and re-
gulations for control of the reesr-
walton in accordance with the
authority contained in the Presi-
dents order. The basis adopted
was the licensing system, which
had been fully discussed by DR.. Gill
bert and Mr.. O'Malley as early as
1919 in their official report cf s
special investigation of the situa-
ton in that year, which appears
in a publication entitled Alaska
Fisheries and Fur Industries in
1919," issued by the Department.
Secretary Hs bert Hoover. in a let
ter addressed to the Chairman the
on Marine and Fisher
les.
DAMNING ADMISSIONS
/. Soon afer 1921 Mr.. Hoover's at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23

fornia, where, I may say, the prevail
ing type Of seal is in reality the sea
lion On the Lower California coast
they see few human beings, and con-
sequently pay small attention TO man
and show no fear at his approach.
Seated on my little camp chair,
was painting a school of flying fish
resting in a many -arched grotte at
depth of about so feet. when my win
CioN was darkened by the head of a
very large seal Staring fixedly in at
me. he remained there for FUZZY two
minutes and then left, apparently
forced to the surface for air.
CHANGING at the other two windows,
I found one of them occupied by the
head OF another and smaller sealion,
probably a female. and the other
partly filed by the head OF young
Ster.
Both soon went away. but almost
Immediately all three returned. TAX
ing up their positions again at the
windows and staring at me with what
seemed almost friendly expressions.
1t occurred to me that they would like
to come inside and make a closer in
spection of the strange creature that
had dropped this odd-lookfng white
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23

epocha1 CambFidge-to Boston talk the
range of the long distance telephone
had been extended to SEQ miles, and
when, few years later. conversations
had been carried on successfully be-
tween points l 900 miles apart, many
believed that the ultimate usefulness
of the telephone had been reached.
But the telephone engineers who were
working on the problem had no such
convictions, and received the praises
that invariably rewarded each of their
seemingly miraculous attachments as
an incentive to new endeavor.
With the solution of each problem
new fields of possibility became ap-
parent. and these were eagerly ex-
plored with the result that we are to-
day with but slight effort adjusting
ourselves to the idea of a 3,500-mile
chat between two continents. And il
is safe prediction that the telephone
engineers will not long rest content
with the New York London line"
Already it has been repeatedly point
ed out that there is no technical rea
son why ultimately every telephone in
the United States could not obtain a
connection with any one in Great Brit
ain. The New York to London CONVEX
sations have been termed ''oniy an ex-
perimental beginning" As soon as
little more is learned about the practi-
cal operation of transoceanic radio
telephony it is confidently believed
that New York will share with Wash
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23

ever seen passed within a foot of the
window directly in front of me!
This great brute must have been at
least 20 feet long, though at the mo-
ment he seemed 40 to me from the
time he took to pass the window.
Shooting away beyond my vision, he
turned and came back again. once
more rubbing the corner of the diving
bell and setting IL rocking
II must he remembered that at this
depth, owing TO the buoyancy Of the
water, the diving bell or any other OBJ
ject is proportionately much less
heavy than it would be in the open air
on land. The confined air in the bell
also tends to tighten it.
Not satisfied with this second bump.
the man-eater turned, SWAN off some
80 or so feet, and then returned head
on at what seemed high speed. his
huge rounded nose pointed directly at
my window. With one Of the quickest
movements ever made. / snatched up
high-powered electric fiashlight
which / always carry with me In the
bell, switched 1t on. and shone it
through the window directly into the
sharks face Evidently the plate
glass magnif1ed the light, for with a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23

back by telegraph or cable. The war
temporarily interfered with the con-
tinuation of such tests. and the re-
search engineers turned their atten-
ton toward the establishment of com
munication between land stations and
ships. In 1922 the steamer America
held two-way conversations, ranging
over distances from 800 to 1000 miles
with Deal, N. j.
Using one wave length for talking
and another for listening, expert
mentors in London and New York
held a successful transatlantic con-
versation on March of last year
which lasted four hours. A few more
satisfactory tests of this sort led up
to the decision to open such a means
of communication to the public.
Every phase of the proposed under
taking was given painstaking study,
In their effort to learn as much as
possible about the ether. $4,000 obser-
vations were made by the telephone
engineers. One of the results of this
particular angle of their work has
been the blishment of the hours
between $50 am. and l PM. New
York time. az the period for interna.
tional conversation. These hours were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23

sudden graceful lift the tiger" shot
his thousand pounds or so of bone and
muscle higher into the water and
passed over the top of the bell. | felt
his side rasp against the air hose and
the lifting cable. and | remember won
dering how | should fare II he broke
the air line. | had little time to Won
der about this, however, Both air
hose and life line held, but the shark,
returning in wide circle, took up a
position about 10 feet from the win
dow. where he lay practically motion
less staring at me with unwinking
eyes Again / turned the powerful
fiashlight on him. and after enduring
the glare for some two or three min
utes he slowly swan away.
Thereupon | pulled the signal rope,
was hoisted aloft. diving-be and all,
and painted no more in those waters
for several days. though | retained in
my memory an excellent portrait of
the monster Although I "loafed' for
several days following this experience.
| went TO the cliffs and fshed assidu
ously for the great brute, but without
success. though | caught several sand
and leopard" sharks-harmless fell
lows, who would probably not have
been in the neighborhood had the big
tiger" not left it for good.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23

fixed with a view to operating the
Zine" when reception was known to
be clearest.
While constantly striving to i'm.
prove their apparatus. telephone COM
panies have of recent years given con-
siderable attention to correct methods
of manipulating the machinery in
volved. A little more than a year ago
a new system of handling long dis
lance calls was inaugurated, which
enabled the operators to complete
them so per cent faster than for
merly. Under the long-used system,
such a call passed through at least
two operators. and the party making
the call, after giving the necessary
data, hung up his receiver and wait
ed or forgot to wait, To he called
back Using such method, six or
seven minutes were required to com.
pIete the call. and even this average
vas considered entirely satisfactory
In an effort to increase the speed Of
toll or long distance messages. rev
system was devised whereby calls of
this type were handled very similarly
to local conversations. II the number
wanted is known. one operator now
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23
By GEORGE PORTER

TIME first notable scientific
achievement of 1927, the
Inauguration of commercial
A transatlantic radio-telephone
service, on January Z, marked
the latest step in the evolution of long
distance communication by means of
the human voice. The accomplish
ment was so remarka bic that even
sensation saturated America was inn
pressed, and paused long enough to
pay it's tribute of applause in the
form of optimistic editorials encourag-
ing comments and illustrated accounts
of the details of the initial converse
tons between New York and London.
Yet even so. it is probable that this
latest attainment of the scientific
world is no more highly regarded than
was, the firSt long distance" tele-
phone, back in 1875, when speech was
actually heard over a two-mile Dor
rowed telegraph line, connecting Bos-
ton and Cambridge, Mass. Certainly
Il is an encouraging indication of our
mental growth that the announce
ments of the first New York to Lon
don conversations were greeted with
none of the skepticism which Marconi
had to combat when he asserted he
had received the first transatlantic
wireless message-the letter Son his
balloon aerial at ST. Johns. New
foundland, % years ago.
Within a few years after the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-01-23

is shot through bank of 20. When
it energies 1t has been amplfied 1000
900 600 times, but the horsepower
back of it has been used up in various
ways, and has decreased from 200 to
20.
BY the time that 70-horsepower cur
rent has reached England's shores 1t
has dwindled to one-teuth of a
quadrillionth of it's original strength.
After it has been picked up on the
7-mile wave antenna ii must be
again ampliied and passed on to
London. This time smaller tubes,
more like those in your receiving set,
are used, but their combined strength
builds up the feeble incoming currents
hundreds of millions of times.
X y
EXPERIMENTS definitely leading
up to the present telephone traffic
between the Old and New Worlds may
be said to have begun in 1915. when
one-way radio telephone communica-
ton was conducted between the Navy
radio station at Arlington, Va, and
Panama, San Francisco, Honolulu
and Paris. The localities spoken to
were forced to send their answers