davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
Is PLANES START AIR DERBY:
MEYERS LEADS AT CLEVELAND
Sails West From Ohio Metropolis in Waco
10 Machine as Rival Flyers Come
Down In Field

first of 25 light commercial planes in the
cross-country aerial derby to COM
plete the first leg of it's journey today.
1t arrived here at 9:27. One minute
and half later the Waco TO- piloted
by c. w. Meyers, alighted at the field
here.
Pilot Meyers took off at 9:36 to take
the lead from Pilot Banks. Both
planes took on gasoline and oil after
making perfect landings.
According to word received here
the Monocoup, piloted by V. l.. Rob.
erts. came down at Newfoundland,
n. j., due to compass trouble.
The third plane to arrive was Pilot
Leslie Millers Eagle Rock, which ar.
rived at 9:39A.
Pilot Myers the second arrival.
evidently lost his bearings en- route
from Roosevelt Field as he came to
the flying field from the west instead
of the east.
Pilot Eugene Detmer brought his
Travelair down at 9:51.
The Eagle Rock, piloted by J. S.
Continued on Page 5, Column H.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
By the Associated Press.


CLEVELAND, September &c. w.
Meyers of Detroit, first to get away
from the airport at Bellefonte. Pa.
in the national air derby, landed at
the Cleveland airport at 12:19h. He
is listed as entry 36, flying Waco 10.
Leslie Miller, Des Moines, Iowa, in
his Eaglebrook plane. entered as No
Al, was second to land. His official
time of landing was 1882. James
Charles, Richmond Va, also flying
an Eaglebrook, entry No. 32, swooped
down onto the field a few seconds
behind Miller.
Just as Miller and Charles dropped
out of the skies from the east, Meyers,
first to land here, went into the air
headed westward at 1891 pm" "~ Miller
and Charles took off simultaneously at
Il 81 pm. for the West.
FLEETWING TAKES LEAD.
BELLEFONTE, Pa, September 19
R).-The Pitcairn Fleetwing, piloted
by A. M. Banks, Philadelphia, was the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
800 in Canada Marooned Without Food
As Lake Gale Closes Neck of Peninsula

lying area was completely submerged
and the stranded people have been
unable to go on the lake In the small
boats available. The victims of the
storm were on a special excursion to
close their Summer cottages at the
two beaches.
special train has been dispatched
to Grand Beach with food supplies
and wrecking crews will start repair
work on the inundated roadbed as
soon as the water recedes. If rail
communication cannot be quickly
established with the marooned eX.
cursionists, a lake steamer will be
sent 70 the scene.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
Rubber Stop Signs
Bend When Hit by
Passing Motorists
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO. September 19.-Mo-
torists who from force of habit
or by accident run into or over
stop and go sign posts will be
unable to further damage posts
or themselves if experiments with
rubber signal posts started here
today are successful
The rubber posts, about feet
high, with a big stop sign on
top, were installed in some streets
opening into boulevards. If the
motorist runs over them they bend
fiat to the pavement, then spring
back into position.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
BLACKMER, MISSING OIL
CASE WITNESS, FOUND

BY the Associated Press
NEW YORK. September 19.-One
of two missing witnesses in the Fall
Doheny oil lease investigate has
been found in France and has been
subpoenaed to appear at the trial of
the case next month. says Atlee Pom.
creme, counsel for the Government.
The witness is Henry NJ. Blackmer
MIR. Pomerene said on his return from
a visit to Europe.
James E. O'Neill. whose testimony
also is sought, is hiding somewhere
abroad, whepe all consulates have
been asked to deprive him of his pass
port and aid in turning him over to
American authorities. Mr.. Pomerene
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
SUIT ASKS $1,000
Collar Manufacturer Charges SLAM
der Against Six.

NEW YORK. September 10 R.-
Max Phillips, president of the Phillips
Jones Co., collar manufacturers, to.
day started $1.00O,O00 slander suit
against Bernard X. Marcus, president
Of the Bank of the United States, and
five members of the Berg Detective
Agency. Phillips charges that the
defendants tried to prevent his gain.
ing knowledge of financial conditions
of the bank by causing his arrest in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19

By the Associated Press.
WINNIPEG. Manitoba, September
19.-Without adequate food supplies
and unable to communicate with the
outside world, between 800 and $50
persons were marooned today at
Grand Beach and Victoria Beach, on
the eastern shores of Lake Winnipeg.
A violent gale, which swept the
lake throughout Saturday. whipped
the water into mountainous waves at
a neck Of a peninsula through which
90 miles Of Canadian National Rail.
way trackage is laid. To-day this low.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
Plane Passengers Injured.

COPENHAGEN. Denmark, Septem.
ber 10 P).-A Danish passenger air.
plane bound for Hamburg crashed
shortly after its start today, the pas.
sengers escaping with minor injuries.
The pilot was seriously hurt. The
machine caught fire in the crash and
was destroyed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
Soviet Halls French Decision.

MOSCOW, September - P).-Call,
ing il "a victory for common sense,
The Soviet authorities and press gree
with great satisfaction the declaration
oftbe French Council of Ministers that
tbcre is no ground for breaking diplo
,,,atic relations with Russia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
Snow Falls in Minnesota.

MINNEAPOLIS. September 10 P)
Big snow fakes. accompanied b!
light rstn. began allinB here today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19

The Stars carrier system covers
every city block and the regular edi-
tion is delivered to Washington homes
as fast as the papers are printed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-09-19
WEATHER.

20 g. Weather Bureau ForeeastD
Partly cloudy and cooler tonight;
tomorrow fair.
Temperatures-High 81. ut 2:45
pm. yesterday; lowest, 6S, at noon to-
day.
Full report on page 2.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

APT. CHRISTOPHER CoLUM.
BUS sailed over an uncharted,
UNEMPLOYED ocean and dis.
~ covered the New World-an
epochal event of fifteenth GEN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18
Washngtonians Gather Half of Their 10000 Christmas Tree

IS. Dealers do their best to clear out
their stocks of Yuletide decorations
before they become as valueless as
sleigh bells at canoeing carnival.
If your tree hunting in the District.
Maryland and Virginia woodlands
brings to light the information that
most of the available trees are lop-
sided and not symmetrical, do not get
discouraged and abandon the quest.
This difficulty can be overcome by Sc
lecting tree several feet taller than
is desired and cutting OFF the lower
end. which usually bears the irregular
and undesirable branches. The upper
portion OF an unsymmetrical tree
often makes an admirable Christmas
tree.
Large trees for use in churches,
schools or for community fetes can
be readily built up to proper uniform
ity and beauty. This can be done by
selecting a tree which is tall enough
to suit the desired purpose but which
is OF irregular shape. Holes can be
pored Wherever necessary in the trunk
OF TINS tree and boughs and branches
can be added artificially until the de-
sired uniformity and symmetry are
secured. When large trees are trans
ported long distances on motor trucks
It is common practice to cut the
limbs and branches. Subsequently the
trunk OF the tree is mounted on a
pedestal at the scene of the Christ
mas celeDration and the branches are
replaced in special holes bored in the
trunk Tor that purpose. Man thus
makes and shapes an ideal Yuletide
TREAS perfect a specimen as nature
ever grew.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

which they can use at home--or in
flying to North America.
One of the flying scales on the new
chart combines nautical miles per
hour, statute miles per hour and
meters per second. Another combines
inches, millibars and millimeters. On
the face of each chart, average sur
face wind directions and velocities are
expressed in nautical miles per hour
for every five degrees of the spacious
North Atlantic Ocean area.
Because of the dearth of informa-
ton regarding scientific peculiarities
of the upper air above the ocean. spe-
cial observations have been made at
Government stations which practical
ly surround the North Atlantic Ocean.
They have consisted of upper air
studies of fundamental Importance In
the preparation of the aerial pilot
charts. The stations where these OBJ
servation were made include Mitchell
Field. Lakehurst, n. j.; Washington,
Hampton Roads, Due West, North
Carolina. Paris Island, Pensacola.
New Orleans. Groesbeck, Texas; Key
West, Cocosolo, Canal Zone, Kingston,
Jamaica: San Juan. Porto Rico; Santo
Domingo, Teide. Canary Islands; Ma
drid and Barcelona. Spain, and Duin-
dal and Debit. Holland.
Upper air observations which have
been made from American ships as
well as foreign vessels in the middle
of the North Atlantic Ocean will be
incorporated when obtained. Captive
pilot balloons equipped with special
registering devices have been sailed to
known attitudes in order to solve GER
tain scientific secrets OF the ocean Of
ozone above the salt sea. Pilot bal
looms were also released at the various
shore stations to record similar data.
From this volume of fresh technical
material as wen as from the reports
made by $500 international. ships that
sail the Atlantic and meteorological
facts and statistics supplied by the
United States Weather Bureau our
national photographers here in Wash
ington have compiled the first pilot
chart of the upper air.
n
II INCLE SAM has selected three
- principal flying attitudes, 500,
5000 and 10000 feet--as the signifi-
cant cloud-cruising elevations. On the
face of the pilot chart distinctive
color is used to distinguish each of
these attitudes in order that the vaga-
ries of varying attitudes may be
plainly discernible.
A case in point is fight from New
York to Bermuda during December.
On such a trip, using the new pilot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

pockets a profit from the sale of the
trees, while a better stand of timber
results potentially from their removal.
Forestry science has demonstrated
latterly that by cutting Christmas
trees of certain evergreen species above
the lower whorl of branches the re-
naming limbs will turn upward and
will grow to height of six feet in the
next two years. This means that
satisfactory Christmas tree crop could
be harvested from such parent trees
every "a months without seriously
damaging the original sturdy tree.
This may In the future aid greatly in
commercializing Yuletide tree produc-
ton on barefaced. infertile lands which
are not adapted for agricultural crop
ping.
THROUGHOUT this country the
Christmas tree varies in species
according to the predominating ma
tive types of local timber. The resi-.
dent of the section where the FIR tree
grows always associates model
Christmas tree with this species. In
the South you will find magnolia trees
used frequently for the celebrat tons
on the 25th of December. On the
Chicago market the short-needle pine
trees from Michigan and Wisconsin
woods are outstanding, while Ohio
sings the praises of the Norway
spruce, which grows in the Buckeye
State. Cedar and holly trees are also
used for decorations and gifts close
to the heart of Dixie.
The balsam fir tree Is the finest
Christmas tree which can be grown,
although many cities and commrni-
ties have never seen such trees be-
cause they are not indigenous in such
regions. This beautiful symmetrical
tree has long horizontal branches and
deep green foliage. Each tiny leaf
and bud liberates aromatic fragrance
which perfumes the entire house with
the scent of distant forests.
Conduit road from Cabin John to
Great Falls Is bordered on both sides
with wood lots prolific in scrub pine
and cedar trees satisfactory for Christ
mas parties. The wooded uplands of
Anacostia and Congress Heights also
are splendid sources of fine trees. The
winding roads in the vicinity OF the
Congressional Country Club are also
wealthy in contiguous woodlands. The
Virginia shores of the Potomac boast
dense and well distributed evergreen
growth. There is hardly q highway
which you win travel In tuburban
Washington but which will be replete
in patches OF tree growth whence you
can obtain suitable tree for your
holiday feast or festival.
Center Market and all the other Dis
trict markets are speckled with green
these days. Dealers on all sides offer
you trees. holly. mistletoe on other
Yuletide decorations when you pass
that way. II you defer your purchases
until Christmas eve you usually can
pick mp real bargains. The value of
the Christmas tree is Nil on December
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

case the birdman would experience the
best flying conditions at a low alti-
tude.
The pilot chart recently issued pre-.
sents a number of important dia
grams. Among these is one showing
the average air temperature for the
month of December for the entire At.
lantic Ocean, accompanied by a pop
ular discussion concerning how such
temperature conditions will affect the
selection of a flying route over the
ocean.
If you study this graph you will
soon see that the Great Circle route
from New York City to Europe used
by the transatlantic airmen last
Summer is prohibited for such air
voyages during December. This is
because the average air tempera-
lures near Nova Scotia. Newfound-
land, are below 80 degrees Fahren-
heit at that season. The actual daily
temperatures drop far below this
average.
1t is possible, however. to fly from
New York City, the center of Amer
lean population, to London, the most
populous municipality of Europe.
during December, according to the
new chart The recommended course
can be flown successfully, so far as
air temperatures are concerned. The
first leg of the journey from New
York City to Bermuda covers a span
of 6S1 nautical miles. The average
low temperature off New York City
for December is 40 degrees Fahren-
heit, while the temperature rises rap
idly as the aviator approaches Ber-
muda, where the thermometer regis
ters an average of IS degrees. The
hop from Bermuda to the Azores,
covering 1870 nautical miles, Is at
tended by average temperatures
which coincide closely with those at
Bermuda. From the Azores to Port
land England. not far from London,
the distance is 1868 nautical miles.
and is featured by slightly lower aver
age temperature, with the minimum
OF about As degrees Fahrenheit near
Portland
The ocean current operates effec-
lively in moderating flying tempera-
lures in certain sections of the world
during the Winter. For example,
take the case Of Glasgow, Scotland,
which is 1000 miles north of Wash
ington and Is located in the same
latitude as Labrador. A favorable
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

II they do not have Yuletids trees in
their homes, they will aid in celebra.
tions at churches, schools, clubs and
hotels gay with green and red gar
lands and beautified by stately trees
sparkling with illumination and deco
rations.
In the neighborhbod of 5000 Christ
mas trees-great and small--will
adorn Washington homes. churches.
social centers, clubs and theaters dur
ing the holiday season. The majority
of these will be scrub pine and cedar
trees obtained from the woodlands
neighboring prominent Washington
highways which lead into Virginia
and Maryland. The last two Sundays
persons who have motored into the
outlying open country along main
Travelled roads have run across many
automobiles parked by the wayside.
Their owners were engaged in Christ
mas tree and holly hunting trips in
the adjoining woods. Thousands of
Washingtonians gain JOY and recre-
alton annually in searching for forest
finery for the Yuletide decoration OF
their homes. Representatives, Senator'S,
bankers, business men, as well as Gov.
eminent clerks and mechanics. consti-
tute the long procession of hunters
who return to the District with trees.
greens and Christmas decorations TIED
to all parts of their cars as the set
ting sun reddens the western horizon.
If you have never gone tree hunt
ing you have missed some amusing
sport. There is a fascination and
romance associated with Telling the
home tree in the woods where 1t grew,
strapping it on your car and bringing
il 10 your residence which sleeps
YOU in Christmas spirit such as you
cannot absorb by gazing in shop win
dows or buying your tree from curb
side vendor. The discriminating care
with which you select the most SYM
metrical pine tree or cedar which you
can find, the caution with which you
fell the forest stripping and the
solicitude with which you load 1t on
your automobile and transport 1t to
your home-all these add new and
novel delights to your preliminary
training for the enjoyments which a
perfect Christmas always brings.
One commendable feature of the
current tree-and-greens harvesting
campaign has been the effective work
of the American Nature Society to
prevent vandalism and the abuse and
misuse of nearby Maryland and Vfr-
ginia timberlands. This drive to pre-
vent the scalping and slaughter of
young trees. holly plants and the
| limited supply OF mistletoe which
grows hereabouts has been merito-
rious. If all Washingtonians would
cut their annual crops of Christmas
decorations with the "Woodman-spare-
| the-tree' ideal in mind. such cam
paigns of conservation would be I'M
necessary.
When you 90 on Christmas tree.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

- n EROES and heroines of Morse
mythology never heard of
II Washington and very few res
u u idents of our National Capital
are familiar with the tabled
deeds and misdeeds of those legendary
characters. yet. notwithstanding. there
IL a connecting link-the popular
Christmas tree-which associates the
one with the other.
Although the inception of the Christ
mas tree idea is not known definitely.
some historians ascribe its advent to
the cherished legends of the Scandi-
navian Peninsula. These myths were
to the effect that during the dawn
days of time heaven and earth were
internetted in the prodigious roots and
branches of a mammoth tree-the
legendary tree OF time.
Other chroniclers maintain that the
Yuletide tree dates back to the earliest
conquests of the people of Egypt.
They cite such data in support of their
theory as the fact that the ancient
Egyptians followed the practice of
decorating their homes and cities with
the branches of the date palm at the
occurrence of the Winter solstice when
the sun was farthest south of the
equator. The decorative finery of the
date palm. as you may know. is the
ancient symbol of life triumphant over
death.
Scandinavians still foster the 70.
mantle belief that the current Christ.
mas tree is the modern replica of the
venerable service tree of Norseland.
The legend is that this mysterious
service tree rooted its anchorage and
raised fits boughs on soil drenched
with the blood OF two slain lovers. The
superstition is that during the Christ
mas season each year extraordinary
lights of love everlasting flame from
the branches OF this mythical tree.
our modern custom of lighting our
Christmas trees with candles or tiny
eiectric bulbs chimes in with this
legend Of Norway and Sweden.
Yet another explanation of our use
OF lights and candles on holiday trees
springs from the observances of the
Christmas season as celebrated by the
early Greeks. This rugged and robust
race venerated December Is as the
s.feast Of lights"
washingtonians as a class, and the
younger generation in particular. are
mt troubling their minds these days
with the source and origin OF the
Christmas tree idea and ideal. They
are chiefly concerned with tie duties
at hand Of securing satisfactory pine,
Ar. spruce or cedar trees for enthrone-
ment and decoration in their homes
during the festive holiday season.
some 1000 families in the District of
Columbia aspire to set up Christmas
trees. no matter how humble and
small. 1t is safe to estimate that at
least one-half of them will crafty
their desires in this respect. Most
washingtonians are imbued whole.
heartedly with the Christmas spiries
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

Could 5000 900 FIR. spruce, pine. cedar.
magnolia or balsam trees on the face
of the earth serve a more important
purpose? Forest fires sweep over
IL, 900 900 acres Of timber annually
and destroy $20.0o0,0Oo worth of build.
ing material.
European forests produce the an
nuai crop of Christmas trees used
abroad, to the eventual welfare of the
woodlands. The ceremonial trees are
removed under Government super
vision. The trees are thinned en-
ciently and all that are stunted. dam
aged or diseased are cut. The re.
moyal OF the Christmas tree crop
gives the healthier and finer striplings
that remain more space In which to
grow and expand. In our Federal
forests, from which a limited amount
of Christmas trees are harvested each
Winter, the ehopping is supervised
by expert rangers. The Government
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1927-12-18

the upper air il an activity delegated
to the photographic Office by Federal
law. it being the only Government
agency equipped for the navigational
examination of transoceanic cruises by
airplane. Its personnel includes high
ly skilled photographic engineers as
well as aerial navigators.
No national selfishness Is displayed
in the distribution of the first pilot
charts of the upper air. The Navy
Department has sent the December
charts of the upper air of the North
Atlantic Ocean all over the world to
countries which are engaged actively
in aeronautical research and the de-
velopment of long distance flying.
Furthermore, Uncle Sam has made
arrangements so that pilot charts of
the upper air issued monthly will be
circulated at home and abroad in
plenty of season so that they will be
of maximum value to aviators during
the period which they cover. For ex-
ample, the January pilot chart will be
distributed the last two weeks or 10
completely circulated by the New
Year.
THE United States Nays pilot
charts of the. atmosphere are de-
signed primarily for the use of aerial
navigators, and hence are reduced to
the units which are standard in the
naval aviation service. The altimeters
on seaplanes register in feet. and
hence the attitudes on the charts are
recorded in terms of that unit of
measurement. Distances are recorded
in nautical miles on the charts 10
correspond to the readings of the sea-
plane speed motors. Wind velocities
at all attitudes have been reduced
from other units to nautical miles per
hour This uniformity of units aids
the aviator who plans prospective
long-distance flight from the pilot
chart.
BY the simple process of addition,
he can combine distances, seaplane air
speed and average wind yelocities.
Previously. any such facts. IL avail
able, were so complicated that it re-
quired the services of a skilled meteor
ologist to translate them into a form
which the ordinary flyer could under.
stand.
Another valuable feature of the new
chart for aerial navigation is spe-
cial conversion scale by use of which
foreign birdmen who utilize the met
rio or other units of measurement can
convert the data on the United States
Navy pilot charts into information