Evening star., 1926-01-27
MOSES LAUNCHES
FIGHT TO ASSURE
COURTS PACIFiSM
Continued from First Page

Continued from First Page
Pepper, has no relation to the motive
of the. Senator introducing it. but
rather to the futilitv Of what IL pro
poses
Senator Reed Of Missouri said that
much had been made OF public opinion
in this debate, that if this Moses reser-
walton were adopted and the nations
should agree To il. II might amount
to a pledge they would not go IL war
to enforce a decision of the court.
Senator Pepper replied that ne did
not think II would he such pledge.
hat If two nations went To the court
IL would nevert helesS be the simplest
thing in the world for nation 10
pick a quarrel on some other ground
than the failure Of the other nations
TO obey a decision of The court Z.
Senator Stephens of Mississippi de
clared his intention of VOTING for the
| World Court and EXPLAINED thnt he
had opposed adoption of the cloture
rule because he had in mind that II
! might he used in the future against
the section of the country from which
he comes.
BY overwhelming votes the Senate
late Yesterday adopted the reservations
attached to the Swanson substitute
vi
it's declarations of policy. The oppo-
sition voted only one Senator against
some of these proposals. and in no
case was the vote of the opposition
greater than eight.
The reservations agreed to make
adherence of the United States to the
World Court conditional upon the fol
! lowing understandings:
That adherence shall not be taken to
4 1.lnt TON, hxa ,.,v-t
of the United States to the League
OF Nations or the assumption of any
obligations under the Versailles treaty.
That the United States shall partici-
pate upon equal terms with other
state members of the court in the
election of judges.
That the United States shall pay
a fair share of the expenses of the
court.
That the United States may at any
time withdraw its adherence and that
| the statutes Of the court shall not he
amended without the consent OF the
United States.
That the court shall not render any
advisory opinions except publicly and
after full hearing of the parties in
volved. and that it shall not entertain
any request for an advisory opinion
In any dispute In which the United
states has or claims an interest with
out the consent of the United States.
The Senate agreed also to the fol-
lowing provisions of the Swanson res
olution:
That the signature Of the United
States to the World Court protocol
shall not he affixed until the other
nations siGnatory thereto shall have
accepted these reservations as a part
of the condition of adherence of the
United States and so signified through
an exchange of notes.
That recourse by the United States
to the court shall only be through the
negotiation of IA special or general
treaty between this country and other
parties involved in the questions
sought to be adjudicated.
United States Policies TO Stand.
That adherence of the United States
shall not he construed as relin-
! quishment of the traditional Ameri-
can policy Of avoiding entanglements
! with foreign nations. nor as a re-
! linquishment of its traditional atti-
| tude toward purely American ques
| tions''-the Monroe doctrine.
Senator Reed of Missouri tried in
vain to have added to the last clause
the following:
THAT the Monroe doctrine be de-
| clared as principle of international
| law binding upon the court"
His amendment was defeated by
| vote of 50 to 6. The Senators sup
porting the Reed amendment were
Senators Blease. South Carolina
Copeland. New York: Harreld. Okla
homa; Johnson, California; Moses.
New Hampshire. and Reed. Missouri
In support of his amendment Sena
| tor Reed declared that at is the
time and place to assert the Monroe
| doctrine and to ask other nations
to admit it."
Says Policy Is Political.
Senator Swanson of Virginia re-
piled that the Monroe doctrine was
| a political policy of the United States
and not an international law. He
was supported in this contention by
Senator Caraway of Arkansas, Sena-
| tor Lenroot OF Wisconsin and Sena
! tor Shortridge Of California warned
| Senator Reed If his amendment We're
adopted it would be taken as permis
| sion of this country to have the
! court interpret and construe the Mon
roe doctrine.
During the debate yesterday after
noon. permitted under the cloture
rule. Senator Robinson of Indiana de-
! livered his maiden speech, announcing
his opposition to the World Court.
DO we assume any obligation un-
der the League of Nations under this
protocol?" demanded Senator Robin
| SON. MY answer Is Yes. emphati-
| calIy.'" He said that the United
States to all intents and purposes be-
cana q member of the league for the
,,urnnaa nf aIecfinR. iildYAA Of thA