Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1926-02-05
News Review of
Current Events
Senate Votes U. S. Into the
World Court, But With
Strong Reservations
BY EDWARD w. PICKARD

~ decided that the United States
shall adhere to the permanent court
of international justice, better known
as the world court. Thus the Ions
fight over this question has come to
an end and the administration forces
have triumphed with the assistance OF
all but three of the Democratic Sena,
tors However, it Is a modified vic
tory for the proponents of the world
court, for Americas entry is SO
hedged about with reservations that II
may be many months or even years
before it actually is a member, and
there is no certainty that it will ever
be party to a case before the tri
bunal
In the first place, 1t Is provided that
all other member nations must accept
the American reservations, and the
process of obtaining these acceptances
may be a long one Refusal by any
one nation, no matter how insignifi-
cant, invalidates the senate action
Then-and this Is especially important
one of the reservations provides
that recourse to the court for the set
tlement of difficulties between the
United States and any other state can
be had only by agreement through q
treaty between the parties in dispute
Since every treaty is subject to sen
ate approval, this means that no cause
involving the United States can be
submitted to the court without the ap-
proval Of the senate by a two-thirds
vote.
Five other reservations were adopt
ed almost unanimously by the senate
as follows:
That adherence to the world court
shall not be taken to involve any le-
gal relation on the part of the United
States to the League of Nations or the
assumption Of any obligations by the
United States under the treaty Of
Versailles"
Permitting the United States to par
ticipate in the council and assembly
of the League of Nations equally with
all other nations in the election of
judges of the world court.
That the United States should pay
a fair share of the world courts ex-
penses by congressional appropriation.
That the United States may at any
time withdraw from the world court
and that the statute of the court shall
not be amended without the consent
of the United States.
That the court shall render no ad
visory opinion, except publicly and
after due notice to all states adhering
to the court and after opportunity for
hearing any state concerned, and that
the court shall not, without the con
sent of the United States, entertain
any request for any advisory opinion
touching any dispute or question In
which the United States has or claims
an interest.
These reservations were put IN their
final shape by Democratic leaders and
John Bassett Moore, the present
American judge in the world court.
All others which were offered by op-
ponents Of the resolution were reject
ed
It is worth while recording the
names of those who voted against the
resolution on the final ballot. They
were: Republicans: BOrah, Brook
hart, Fernald, Frazier, Harreld, John
son, La Toilette, Moses, Nye, Pine,
Robinson Qnd.), Schall, Watson and
Williams. Democrats: Blease, Reed
(Mo.). Farmer-Labor: Shipstead.
Just before the final vote was taken
Senator Johnson of California had
last word to say dramatic warning
to his colleagues that they were tax
ing the first step into the League of
Nations, altering the traditional poll
cies of the United States, and cutting
loose to sail on an uncharted sea-"
Senator Borah, leader of the oppO-
sition to the world court declares the
fight has only begun and that he and
his associates intend to launch a
movement at once to get the country
out of the court and will make this an
issue ip the election Of senator's next
how we are going to remain outside Of
the league If we stay in the court
HAVING disposed of the world
l. l. court matter, the senate on
Thursday began consideration of the
tax reduction bill, which was made
Its unfinished business so that it could
be kept continuously before the cham
ber. Chairman Smoot of the finance
committee hopes to have the measure
passed by February 10, but certain of
the western senators have promised
long fight against the provisions for
repeal Of the inheritance tax and of
publicity for income tax payments.
Norris Of Nebraska has offered an