davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28
A COW IN TROUBLE

Mr.. Marshall, who resides in a neat
cottage on the corner Of Tracy and
Peach streets, some time ago dug a
well on his premises and, not being
yet ready to stone it up and put on
the finishing touches, temporarily.
covered the same with planks. Yes
terday in the early afternoon, a row
ing bovine, in search Of green fields
and pastures new, wandered into the
yard, which was not enclosed. In her
impotence to reach a swill barrel
that she naturally expected to find ct
the back door, she proceeded to cross
over the covered well-instead Of go
ing around, as any sensible animal
should have done. The consequences
were that the planks giving way, she
was precipitated into the well and
came near drowning. A neighbor
being called in, steps were made in
the side Of the well and the untortu-
nate bovine assisted to vacate. She
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28
VAPOR COOLING
system PROVES
VERY EFFICIENT

Injection Of superheated steam in
to the intake manifold is the most
novel feature of a new. vapOr cooling
system that was described at a recent
meeting Of the Buffalo section Of the
Society Of AutOmOtive Engineers by
G. H. Kenneweg, of Pittsburgh. Ad-
vantages of this action are that it
aids ~carburetiOn, overcomes the in
creased tendency Of the engine TO
knock at the higher operating tenn
peratures and practically eliminates
the formation Of carbon.
An average engine should operate
at least 100000 miles at a very low
service cost becore an extensive over
hauling becomes necessary if such a
combination cooling and injection sys-
tenn is used, declared Mr.. Kenneweg,
who based his assertion on experience
and tests with a car operated more
than 10000 miles in the last 18
months under all possible conditions.
A steam cooling system functions
primarily by using the water jacket
exactly as a steam boiler is used in
generating steam at atmospheric
pressure, he said. No cooling actor
occurs until the water in the engine
block reaches the boiling point, after
which the varying amount of heat
generated between lOw-lcad and full.
load conditions is carried in the form
Of steam or vapor into the ~cOndense1
section and the resulting water i,
pumped back into the water section.
Major advantages of steam coolinI
were summarized as the attainment
by the engine of its highest therma
and mechanical efficiency within
few minutes after starting, afte
which an ideal operating temperatur
is maintained regardless Of climati
or road conditions, speed or load. Tn
I results are the positive elimination o
crankcase oil dilution, an increase O
! 20 to rs per cent in efficiency, a5sC
lutte prevention of Overheating or hot
spots under heavy loads, lower main
: tenance costs, and much longer en-
CINE life.
Great Falls-Building for yea
d ended April 90. totals S551 Q
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

A committee, consisting Of Messrs.
John S. Mendenhall, ]. M. Lindley and
Samuel Basinski, was appointed to
draft and circulate for the signatures
Of property owners, a petition to the
city council, protesting against paw
ing. The petition will also state, in
clearly defined terms, that if the
council insists on the proposition, in
junction proceedings will at nee be
initiated.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

It is reported that on Wednesday
evening, doc" Mabel severely boxed
the ears Of young Ponsford, son Of
the chief of police, while in the act
Of impounding his (MabeITs) cow.
A warrant was sworn out for the ar
rest of Mabel, but up to a late hour
the offender could not be found, al
though both Sheriff Caldwell and
Chief Ponsford had thoroughly
secured the city for him. AS the
young lad seems to be a sort of dep
uty COW FOUNDER, the case is likely
to be a serious one for Mabel, as he
may have to answer to the charge OF
assaulting an officer.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

A large portion of the Jared fruit,
collected by the ladies of this county
and shipped for exhibition at the
Worlds fair, is reported to have been
ruined in transit.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28
MMM TNT TTTINNT MTHN MINNTTN@

A new sidewalk has been put down
this week on the north side of Lam
me street, running east from Tracy
street to Black.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

emerged from the episode a little
bedraggled and thoroughly wet, but
meandered away with a vacant ex-
preston en- her c%ountenance, the same
irresistible, inquisitive, town cow Of
happier days.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

D. F. johnson, Familiarity known as
Don, is reported to be in a state of
nervous prcstratiOn over the arrival
in his home of a 12-pOund boy.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

On the 9th inst. the little f~Our-year-
old daughter of Nh. and Mrs. John
Williams, residing in the upper JEFF
ferson valley, fell into the river and
was drowned. The body was reeOv-
cred.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28
A Lghtning Enc Lain.

Next Sunday, or not later than
Tuesday, the Northern Pacific will
put on a fast train between Tacoma
and st. Paul. It will pass through
Butte and will make the run men
toned in II hours, which is Is hours
faster than the present schedule. The
train will be the fastest ever run on
the Northern Pacific. It will be linn
tied in size to eight or nine coaches
and will stop only at important sta
tons. If heavy travel demands, it
will be run in sections Of eight OF
nine cars each in order to make the
time.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

Mr.. Munter, our genial furniture
dealer, is in receipt of a postal card
from San Francisco, the import Of
which he has as yet been unable to
master. The writing resembles a
cross between Greek and the Missouri
language.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28
E PUBLICATIONS.

The following new publications have
been issued by the bureau of mines,
u. S. department Of commerce:
Bulletin 197-Sampling and exam
inatiOn Of mine gases and natural
gas, 25 cents.
Bulletin 242 - Explosion hazards
from the use of ~pulverized coal at in
dustrial plants, Is cents.
Bulletin 253-Possibilities for the
commercial utilization Of peat, %
cents.
Technical paper 363-Lessons from
the fire in the Argonaut mine, Is
cents. .-
Orders should be sent to the Super
intendent Of Documents, Government
Printing Office, Washington, D. C.
Richland county does heavy work
on Sidney-F airview stage road.
Montana wheat acreage Of $780,
600 acres promises bumper crop.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

The BULLS EYE is a publica-
ton that goes to print. When dos
it 60 to print? 1t goes to printwhen
ever there is something to print. A
lot of papers, in fact to be exact, az
of them, have a certain time to be
issued, regardless of the news. Il
nothing has happened hat day or
that week they have to come out
just the same. They want you 10
pay for them whether they are any
good to you or not. Why should
a paper be printed if there is moth
ing new to print?
Sing Sing don't e~lectrocute a
man at a certain hour every day.
They wait until they get a good
man and then electrocute him They
don't have a set time or custom,
and that is the way the BULLS
EYE is operated. We don't 90 TO
press at ten o'clock tonight Just be
cause we went TO press at ten last
night. No, sir! We wait until we
have something that is worth while
TO our myriads of readers. We grs
them accustomed to the fact that
when they see the BULLS EYE.
they say to themselves, "Thc
BULL has seen something worth
WHILE" and that is why the Paper
is out today. Because it has news
for you.
We saw a man smoking a sack c.
BULL" DURHAM and he was
getting so much s~atisfac6C1 ont a.
it that we feel it u du.y - te
those that never used DULL
DURHAM just how they H. cai
get satisfaction.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

The average Bozemanite was some
what surprised upon arising Wednes-
day morning last to behold about an
inch of snow, which fell in this vi
cinity during the night previous.
While the mud caused by this late
visit Of the beautiful" is somewhat
di~sagreeable, it nevertheless helps to
reconcile one to the present fish law.
If the sidewalks are to be made TO
conform to the present established
grade on Main street, short step lad
ders will be in urgent demand to get
down into and out Of store rooms
opening on that thOrOughfare. A
great many of the business houses
that now stand high and dry above
ground will thereafter be designated
as rOOt-houses or Easements.
So far as reliable reports have
reached Bozeman, the outlaws, Henry
Gross and William Gay, who murder
ed Undersheriff RAIDER and Deputy
Sheriff Mckay in Meagher county,
are still at large, and no one seems
to have any definite idea whether
they succeeded in escaping from the
state, or are still in some secluded
hiding place in the mountains. The
report about their having been seen
last week in Gallatin county is not
generally credited.
w. B. Meadow was robbed of sew.
eral dollars worth Of goods and wares
one night this week. It appears tha'
he had been loading up a wagon Will
supplies, bedding, etc., during the af
ternoon, preparatory to starting fOl
his mines at Emigrant gulch the fol
lowing morning. During the nigh
some tramps raided the wagon, get
ting away with considerable plumber
including a buffalo robe and a walls
containing clothing, ETC., belonging t
a man who was preparing to accom-
pany Mr.. Meadow to the mines.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

Great Falls-Building for year
ended April 80, totals $551,435.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-05-28

Richland county does heavy work
on Sidney-Fairview stage road.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02
European Intrigue-The Menace of
ImperiaIiSt War

the Of the BRAND Stresmann love feast
the meeting aboard Italian wrshp of Sir Austen Chamberlain
and Musson
While nomnay maintaining friendly relations with France
the proposed Francoman pact forces Great Britain
which activity italy in the
Mediterranean also make necessary
Imperialism finds its lines of communication India
China by the Spanishtaa alliance which
italian participation governing Tanger from which
Gibraltar British base controlling the
the development
submarine methods which place Cyprus and
Malta its intermediate naval bases the mercy of powerful
centrally situated Mediterranean power such Italy is
To play Italy against France France against Italy without
breaking either the present problem British diplomacy
Britain already has agreed division of Abyssnia
with Italy pacate the latter but italian mperiaists
billions there They contemplate and
the Balkan question likewise will be the topics
between Chamberlain Musson The Italian minister
Albania and the foreign minister of Bulgaria coming Rome
consult with Musson after his conference with Chamberlain
Herein lies the immediate danger for the Soviet Union
If Britain engineer Italian offensive against Turkey
Soviet Union frontiers would be endangered In addition
Union could remain passive event against
Turkey by imperialist powers.
In all probability Great Britain will also try Itays
endorsement of her activities in poland where both French and
diplomacy signing of
UnonIihuanian treaty which right
huania Wilma thus challenge league nations
Not the early days of 1914 has there such erish
activity in the European foreign Offices
The aignments for the world being made.
Only the Communist International and the Red International
of Labor Unions point worlds working
minent danger call upon the labor
ganize mPerast and point the only
be preyntedby the unity of the world labor mill
struggle on all fronts.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02
Henry FOrd-the A. F. of LIS Messiah

Trade union leaders, according by
Federated Press hail the fveday Henry
Ford a victory for organized labor
This course that Henry regarded BY
leaders a friend of Workers. good employer"
Secretary Dawson of the International Association Machn
lists halls the Ford fveday week taking up the
ployrhent in the industry"
Nothing could be farther matter Of
the Ford plants have been running vedy basis for long
time during which every conceivable device increasing produc
ton has been tried out on the working force.
The experiments have been successfualtho the
patients have died from the operation months before
recent FOrd plants have been getting xday
put in five days.
be possible get with the fveday sxy production
with SMALLER force of workers.
What becomes Of the theory that the yeday
lished in Ford's plants reduces unemployment?
The Federated Press correspondent same
when he characres Ford plan decision pass employ
around by establishing fveday working week.
Even Ford himself pretend trying reduce
unemployment
The good employer" theory the viewpoint Of f.
of L. ocialdom well illustrated by the following paragraph from
Washington dispatch dealing with the Ford announcement
At headquarters of the nercGn of Labor the
dent Green the opportunity open contention
October in Detroit t0h the assertion citadel
of riat reforms throut its
history By The Federation had just been triumphant.
The bankrupt character the Federation leadership
recall that it decided against undertaking organization
paign in the automobile industry it calls Fords plan
victory for organized labor.
The contrary in making the lead
Of the trade unions playing directly into the
modified union and others pronounced
the trade union movement
There 10000 Ford workers-readers of the shop
bulletin issued by the Communist Ford plantwho
will when they trucking tributes Ford by A. F.
Of J.. officials.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02
From Portland to Detroit

WHAT Samuel Gompers oooys referred to "hO great
w parliament Of American IGbOr'the convention of the
American Federation of LGborOpens its fortysi1h
nUaI session October ! in Detroit.
1t o be dominated by the most reGctionary oficGdo Of
the most reGctonGy labor the aood
eenton eo reflect only in distorted form the needs Of the
American t0orkingcEass
1t tOU make its rereo Of it's activities its
estimate Of the status of the american labor
its conclusions put tOra0ard its program the pro
gram OF American labor.
the last gear large sections Of the oca1dou Aer
AcGn Federation of Labor haze made a0ree
ren 'oith American capitalism The official
abandoned euen purely trade ion struggles almost entirely
"Workerempoyer cooperation has onits Inns Mass
opposition to this policy developing otoy surely
There has been certain continuity policy of A. f.
Of oficGdom for the last four gears It's causes and its e
eots ON the mass Of the American aoorkgcGss must be deter
mined IN order that they be counterGoed Effectively
HESE articles attempt describe the American la
Dor movement 1t is under the leadership of r. of e.
oficadon to determine the strength of the too currents
to tho right from above to the left from to estimate
me Poso"'tes or our party and the left 0ng the neat
immediate Deriod %---
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02
BY N. HucHARIN.

Continued from previous issIie)
THESE are the super-clever theoreti-
l. cal arguments with which Com
rade ossovsky seeks TO Justify the de.
mand for freedom TO form fractions.
II you want one party only in the
country, he says, and there are various
interests to be considered, then strive
to give freedom" to those who pro-
tect the interests of the rich peasantry
and the capitalists. II is difficult TO
defend the interests of the rich peas
antry and the capitalists within the
confines of our party constitution Let
us open the door, and you will have a
fraction OF NEP-men, a fraction Of the
petty bourgeoisie, and all this together
will be called the c. p. S. u. Then
the dictatorship will flourish in our
country for then the party will cor
respond 10 a workers and peasants
state. Strictly speaking, we could go
even further In the same direction.
Presently he will be saying: Work.
ers Peasants and NEP.men's State. /"
Then everything will be IN the best OF
order. Workers. Peasants .NEP-men's
State, Workers. Peasants -NEP.men's
Party, one sole party In the whole
country, and everything In perfect
order. O>aughter.) You win now un.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02

over 1925 appreciate. These employees
show gains of about per cent. Wages
or shop mechanics and OF train ser.
vice employees show gains of between
and 2 per cent. Gains by other
groups are hardly worth recording.
The improvement in employment az
lects all classes OF employees except
the shopmen. Compared with June.
1928, there are 1866 more clerical
workers, 1888 more maintenance of
way employees, 1858 more workers in
the various terminal groups and II,
more train and engine service en-
ployes. The number OF shopmen IA
down 1880.
Maintenance Workers Badly Paid.
The pauper wage paid the quarter
OF million adult male workers IN
the maintenance OF way department
remains the sorest spot in the indus
try In the first half OF 1926 these
track workers averaged only $43S.
which would give them less than 5000
for. the full years work. No man can
support a family on that wage. Such
a minimum wage tends to pull down
all other wages in the industry. ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02

tnan IN the same period of 1925. Rail
road wages for the half year total
s1,45s, oe9,s5s or s7,996,117 more than
the first six months last year. The
employees so far this year received
about 4S.1 per cent OF the railroad dol
lar, compared with 4S.4 per cent the
first half Of 1925.
Dollar Month Mora. 500
The average wage OF all railroad
workers, including high.salaried exec.
utives, was 1888 in June, 1926, com.
pared with s1S5 year previous. This
slight gain the commission attributes
to an increase In the average number
of hours worked per employee. In the
half year period the average employee
earned 1922. compared with 1913 the
first half of 1925. The gain is l per
cent. na Ee4.
How typical railroad employees made
out in the half year. compared with
the first six months OF 1925, appears in
Tho NotIotutrsx kat.1a.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02
SOME OF THE BRANCHES
IN n. Y. AND N. ]. Of THE
W. S. AND D. B, SOCIETY
NEW JERSEY.

-
1852 West New York-sec., VIM.
Seholz, 54s 10th Street. Phys, Sig
mund c. 5raunsteIn, 424 18th st.
Every fourth Saturday, SIS 18th St.
NEW YORK.
80 sGlovervllIe-Sec., Albert jung,
10 North MeNab Ave. Phys, r. j.
Palmer, 90 Elm St. Every second
Monday, concordia Hall, cor. West
and Fulton ST.
Yonkers-Sec., Charles F. Cas-
sens, 43 curran's Lane. Phys, Abra-
ham NJ Skern, 36 So. Broadway.
Every last Monday, Hungarian Hall,
IS Warburton Ave.
MANHATTAN.
"a Harlem-Sec., Michael Prechtl,
800 E. seth st. Phys, Lyman
Cohen, 112 E. a5th St. Every fourth
Monday; quarterly, fourth Sunday.
9 a. M, 243-247 (. s4th ST.
'157 East River-see., L. Graf, 5os
E. 79th St. Phys, Oscar Rotter,
1913 Madison Ave. Every second
tuesday, 1907 Second Ave., kaemp-
fer's Hall.
QUEENS.
% &storia-See., Christ Vaupel.
1852 45th St., 1880 S5th ST., Brook
Ign, N. Y. Phys, M. Sternberu, 1910
Seneca Ave. Every fourth Sunday,
at 9 a. my Queens County Labor
Lyceum, 7s5 Forest Ave-, corner
Putnam Ave.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02
ARTICLE THREE.
BY WIN. E. dunno.

WHAT Is the situation in the trade
W union movement and how far has
the non-strike worker-cooperation pol
icy of officialdom had its reflection in
the rank and file of the trade union
movement?
One of the indications OF the mill
fancy of the trade union membership
is the number of strikes and the num-
Der of strikes particularly in a per-
iod of industrial activity such has
been noticeable in the United States
from the latter part of 1922 until to-
day with certain minor fiuctuations)
The record of strikes for this period
is as follows:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02
The c. p. S. u. and the
Opposition Block

derstand what lies at the bottom OF all
this. The fractional groups in our
party are naturally based upon various
social currents, and IL we permit the
formation of fractional groups, II we
permit the existence OF fractions, then
the next stage win be nothing more
nor less than the legalizatlon of other
parties. u.s.
A N example: There is a, Medved-
yev fraction, whose standpoint has
been made known to you in an ar
ticle published in the Pravda. (See
Inprecorr Vol. 8, Mr. 81, July 20,
1926, p. 904, THE Right Danger in
our Party") Comrade Medvedyev de-
mands that our state Industry be
placed in the hands Of the concession
capitalists, and that the Comintern
and the r. /. L. u. be liquidated; he
demands immediate afiiliation 20 the
Amsterdam International; he demands
the cessation Of all discussion on the
peasantry, for the peasantry is--the
"dreary village This is wellde-
veloped Menshevist program.
ME are told that we should grant
W freedom to this legitimate view,
to this fraction DO they not cali
themselves seriously. the Workers
Opposition? ltdbes not matter that
they want to dissolve the Comintern
and perform other revolutionary won.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-02

TEXTILES show an increase in
L strikes over 1924 and this is to be
accounted for by the shift in the in
dustry to the south, the terrible con-
ditions Of the workers in the industry
and the wage-cut policy of the textile
capitalists.
In the metal trades strikes have
shown sharp decline.
In Iron and steel and transporta-
ton, printing and publishing, meat
packing and shipbuildlne, strikes
have either ceased entirely or drop
ped to negligible number.
TN addition to the huge decrease in
L the number of strikes the number
of workers involved has shown a pro-
gressive decline as follows:
1922, os,s21
1925 744,e4s
1924 654,45s
1925 406,e96
II we remember that the strike of
10000 anthracite miners began in
September and is included in the
above figures we will better appreciate
the lack of mass character of the
other S2S strikes which make up the
1925 total.
Inc American working class, espe-
ciaily its organized section, the trade
union movement, in the last four years
has practically abandoned the strike
weapon. Gae
Nor is the cessation of strike activi.
~ the only sign the official peace
policy of the trade union leadership
has placed its dead hand on the labor
movement The trade unions essential
ly are organs of struggle and If for
one reason or another this function is
atrophied the interest of great masses
of workers in their organizations
ceases. Ve y
TN the July number of Current His.
tory" is an article entitled Indus.
trial Welfare Movement Sappins
American Trade Unfonsp by Abraham
Epstein, Research Director of the
Pennsylvania Old Age Commission
The article, on the whole of tone
sympathetic to the labor movement
has, in my opinion, been given insult
hcient attention by the labor and re
evolutionary press. In sets forth facts
Of fundamental Importance to the
working class and the conclusions
reached relative to the reasons fol-
the failure Of the trade unions to rally
any large numbers Of the workers fol
struggle are formulated shrewdly.
THE authors premise is that the
l. trade union movement with its
present policy and leadership has
entered period of decay and submits
a number of important facts to prove
his case.
Quoting the bulletin issued by the
Pennsylvania State Federation of La
Dor on the "The Present Situation OF
the Labor Movement" which was
based upon replies received in answer