Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-06-29

nor will it be limited to rigid rules
In arriving at an arbitration settle
ment.
When public opinion is based upon
the impartial findings of Ave inter
national jurists of unimpeacha BILE
standing, it would be a rash nation
that would defy it, argue the support
ers Of The Hague conference. How
often, they ask, has the United States
Supreme Court found it necessary to
enforce its decisions with an army?
| Article 10 Of The Hague Convention
Of 1907 contains this definition Of arbi-
tration:
| international arbitration has for
its object the settlement Of differences
between states by judges of their
own choice, on the basis of respect
for law"
| Prof. Borchard of the law school Of
Yale University argues that neither
court-that Of the league nor that of
The Hague conference.-the prevent
war, since nations restrict their cases
to minor issues and reserve to them
selves all such matters as usually
constitute causes or excuses Of war.
In the league court, the council has
eliminated provisions for the compul-
sorry submission of cases to the court
by member nations, unless the nations
had agreed in advance to accept obi
gatory submissions.
Prof. Borchard, in an article pub
lished in the Proceedings Of the
Academy of Political Science. says:
while It is no criticism Of the
court, the fact must not be overlooked
that a judicial decision is not of neces-
sity a guarantee Of peace. The
student Of American history need but
be referred to the bred Scott decision
Of the Supreme Court to be convinced
Of this. That decision made the Civil
War inevitable
Citing Senator Borah's contention
that entering the leagues court is
entering the league, Prof. Borchard
adds:
ION that question men may well
differ. But If that is the issue, it Is
at least q real one, justifying the
most exhaustive examination and dis
cussion in order that the national
Judgment may be sound and con-
sidered."
There have been but two interna-
tional Hague conferences-1S99 and
1907 at the call Of the Car Of Russia
the first meetings Of nations Of the
world ever held in peace to prevent
war. The net results include the
birth Of the idea of equality Of rights
Of all nations, great or small-the
Magma Charta Of international free
dom and law. That is similar to our
recognition Of equality Of States in
our Senate. The conferences empha-
sized also that disputes should be set
tied by fixed laws and that such laws
can be enacted only by the govern
ments Of the member nations, after
being Jointly considered at the world
conference.
Americans are familiar with the
PantAmerican Union, with its monthly
meetings in Washington, where all
the official representatives Of all
American countries meet to discuss
their mutual interests, in the light Of
the agreements between the nations
formulated by the Pan-American Con-
ferences and ratified by the respec-
tive governments. The Pan-American
Union il the executive committee Of
the Pan-American Conferences, and
the union never adopts resolutions OF
it's own.
The Hague International Conference
and International Court Of Arbitra-
ton are likened by their advocates to
the Pan.American Conference and
Union, the court being in the position
Of the Pan-American Union in execut-
ing such mandates and laws as have
been formulated by the conference and
ratified by the governments. The
Pan.American Unions and the Hague
Courts functions are mainly concil-
iatory and executive. Marshal Foch
said of the council table of the Pan
American Union, "If Europe had had
such a table there would have been
no World War;" .u-..e
.fCsrxxlght. 1a2e. BIZ Paula CullinAl x