davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1926-12-08

to South America, a dozen trips to
Cuba and Panama, and had visited
every country in the world except
Russia and Turkey.
Senator Mckinley was born in
Petersburg, ILL.,, September 6, 1856,
the son of a Presbyterian minister
He worked on the farm and spent
two years at the University of
Illinois, of which he became a trustee
in 1902. AT the age of 25, after he
had gone into the banking and mort
gage loan business with an uncle, he
began his public utilities career by
building a waterworks system in his
home city of Champaign.
The Senator supported President
Coolidge's advocacy of and voted for
adherence of the United States to the
World Court.
Evening star., 1926-12-08

Continued from First Page.)
Evening star., 1926-12-08

heny. had made any reference as to
what the recommendation should be.
| Ambrose declared the Pan-American
Co. had submitted an additional propo-
Sition in connection with the April
| Is bids, which called for a preferential
| right to drill on the naval reserves
| and in return for this it would con-
| struct the tanks at cost and without
| profit. 1T occurred to me that it was
too much to give them" the witness
volunteered. 80 l worked out a
recommendation for Judge Finney
| which would not give them a per-
petual preferential right, as they at
tempted to get
Cotter thought that Ambrose had
taken all advantages out of the pro-
! posal, the witness said. $50 then he
wanted additional acreage, and for
this he would do the work at cost to
the Government" Ambrose added. Mr.
Cotter. Ambrose asserted, did not
want to go through with this second
proposal.
Ambrose then was asked about his
visit to Fall at Three Rivers, but he
could not recall any positive facts in
connection with it other than that he
carried data to the Secretary in con-
nection with the report on the bids
which Ambrose had just made. The
witness then was asked about the sec
ond negotiations for enlarging the
Pearl IlaEbor tank storage projects.
and in these conferences he said the
question of royalties which the Pan
American Co. would receive was the
principal disagreement
AmbroSe'S answers under Roberts
croSs-eXamination were colorless and
in the main, constituted. Il don't re-
call" The witness voice was very
faint and time and again counsel adj
monished him to speak louder for the
benefit of the jury.
Nothing Said of Right.
The witness was able to recall, how
ever, that as far as he was connected
with the leasing negotiations nothing
was said to other bidders about a pref
erential right to drill in the oil re-
had proposed. Likewise, the witness
had no recollection of a statement
having been made in his presence on
the value of such preferential right.
The trip to Pearl Harbor Ambrose
took aboard the Doheny yacht was in
September or October, the witness
said, but during that voyage nothing
was said to him about plans for leaS-
ing all of the naval reserve. Fur
thermore, Ambrose said, he knew
nothing of negotiations for these re-
serves which eliminated in the De
cember II contract, until the first of
December, 1922. The witness also
Evening star., 1926-12-08
Doheny "Feeling Badly"

.'I am feeling very badly, but am
here on deck" Mr.. Doheny remarked
as he put in appearance at court this
morning. The oil magnate's left arm
had been dressed by his surgeon
earlier this morning, and rather than
delay progress of the trial, which is
| now rapidly approaching an end, ne
| left his sick bed.
Court reconvened at 10 O'Clock after
| it's recess yesterday, owing to Mr..
Doheny's illness, and Hogan was pre-
pared to conclude his case by the end
| of the week.
At the outset this morning Govern
ment counsel Roberts and Atlec
Ponerene excused themselves for a
| few moments while they ap-
peared in Criminal Division to ar
range for the arraiSnment of Harry
F. Sinclair and Albert B. Fall on the
conspiracy charges involving the Tea
pot Dome lease. Arrangement was set
| for Friday week.
Mr.. Hogan called four character
| witnesses for Doheny before going
! into questions involving the Elk Hills
and Pearl Harbor leases and con-
tracts. John Mccormack, the tenor,
| had not put in an appearance early
| today. At the same time Mr.. Hogan
announced to newspaper men that
Secretary of the Navy Curtis D. Will
| bur would not be called as a witness,
today at any rate. Reports that
Charles E. Hughes, Secretary of State
at the time of the armament confer
ence, was to be summoned as Gov
ernment witness to offset the war
scarce" testimony were not confirmed
| by either Mr.. Pomerene or Mr.. Rob-
erts.
Judge Is Called.
The first character witness called
today was Benjamin F. Bledsoe of Los
Angeles, for IL years on the Federal
bench, having resigned in 1925 to
practice law. He was judge of the
Superior Court Of California for IA
years and is also Y. M. c. A. work.
er. he testified.
Asked what was Doheny's general
Evening star., 1926-12-08

was under the impression that the
lease of December IL contained regu-
| lation Interior Department royalties,
but when shown the contract by Rob
erts he admitted they were not the
ones.
Evening star., 1926-12-12
Carthage, Ancient Wicked City, Yields
Buried Secrets to Scientific Search

containing rare and precious anu
let's and other treasures and elegantly
sculptured inscriptions Of the days of
Hannibal and hundreds Of strange
votive affairs unknown as yet to
archaeology. Each time that this
great cemetery was filled with offer
ings 1t was covered over with a layer
Of protecting clay and refilled."
Count de Prorok reports that in a
period Of six weeks hundreds Of vases
were dug out. Nearly all the vases
contained ashes of children, and the
only explanation is that dreadful
rites took place on this site in an
tiquity. This Is in agreement with
the reputation Of the city, for the
Carthaginians were abhorred by other
ancient peoples because of their ter
rible custom of passing their people
through fire" or, in other words, sac
rificing young children to q deity
built in the form of a flaming fur
mace. Some Of the bones have been
examined by the Pasteur Institute
and found to be those Of infants, he
says.
The lowest and oldest level of the
area has yielded stone tables bearing
important inscriptions in Phoenician
writing. These inscriptions differ
slightly from those of ancient Phoe-
nicia and are considered valuable
additions to writing in the first
known alphabet made by man.
Evening star., 1926-12-12
mprompu description

the most favorable conditions. oftener
one-sixth, or one,seventh, or one
tenth. But considerable part of
what still remains in the ground can
be recovered by methods now estab.
lished as technically and economically
practicable. These methods will be
improved and new ones devised, as
occasion demands"
X X X X
What about producing oil from
coal and shales and by mining the oil
bearing sands?" 1 asked.
Entirely possible" replied Mr..
Hill; experiments are going on in
these directions, and if we ever have
to fall back on these resources we will
be ready. For a long time, however
the present methods of exploration
and drilling, with improving processes
to assure larger recoveries, are likely
to suffice"
Mr.. Hill picked up a paper and pen.
Il am no draughtsman," he said, '.but
maybe can draw something that will
help explain" He made some lines
and held up the paper
There's an oil dome. The shaded
part at the bottom is deposit of oil
bearing sands-sands saturated with
oil and gas and with an impervious
rock stratum above. A wildcatter
Evening star., 1926-12-12
BY SIR PHILIP GIBBS.

LONDON.-As this year draws to
q close the international situation in
Europe Is becoming troubled by new
and grave problems. which will reach
their climax next year. AS far as
Great Britain Is concerned, her imme-
diate anxieties are directed mainly
to internal conditions resulting from
prolonged Industrial conflict and fail
ing export trade due to that crisis.
British hopes for rapid recovery are
still high, but in certain directions
they are checked by adverse condi.
tions in foreign countries.
British exporters to the Far East
are gravely concerned by the danger
Gus situation in China, and public
opinion in England has been disturbed
by rumOrS of war or military adven-
lures in that country. Those rumors,
utterly unfounded, have not been dis
PEELED by recent utterances of public
men In opposition to Premier Bald.
wins government. Lloyd Georges
rash and provocative speech in which
he denied that bolshevik propaganda
was at the back of all Chinese hos
tility to foreign settlements and ac-
cused greedy traders of desiring to
provoke war in China may or may not
have had some element of truth. but
certainly 1t will not be helpful at the
present time when British and Ameri-
can agents are endeavoring to ar
range affairs in China by peaceful and
reasonable means.
Lloyd George Scored.
Lloyd George has been severely
trounced by Lord Birkenhead on be-
half Of the British government. and
other statesmen have utterly repudi-
ated any sinister designs in China.
That, I believe. Is strictly true. II
there were any stable government In
China, Great Britain would revise
her treaties. with only one ambition,
which Is to maintain and develop
her trade relations. Meanwhile 1t Is
probable that the situation in China
will be one Of the most dangerous
problems Of 1927. Russia intends to
make trouble also.
In Europe, political and financial
trouble Is brewing in France, Italy and
Germany. To some extent it will de.
pend upon private conversations now
Chamberlain, BRAND and Stresemann
whether that trouble will be scotched
or whether it will revive many peril
GUS passions.
The present coalition government in
France Is not secure in its tenure of
Office and French public opinion is be.
coming agitated by many causes for
uncertainty and uneasiness. Poin.
cares success in arresting the down
fall of the franc has been too tri.
umphant. Spectators and traders
have been badly hit. French foreign
trade has been severely checked. now
that the franc Is worth almost double
its value less than IL months ago. Ho,
tel keepers and shopkeepers are suf-
fering because foreign visitors refuse
to pay inflated prices. Unemployment
is creeping up and whereas there was
hardly one Frenchman unemployed
last year there are now 100000.
Result of Fluctuations.
This inevitable result of rapid
fiuctuation In money values is destroy.
ing public confidence in Poincare and
1t Is my belief that various political
groups, led by Herriot and the Social.
lists, will withdraw their allegiance
But external affairs are reviving ex.
treme national views in France which
were appeased and quieted for some
time by Brands policy of conciliation
Evening star., 1926-12-12

any Of the family are around to
use it.
r X X X
zone reason why there is nothing
to worry greatly about" said Mr..
Hill, ''is that people are worrying
about it. When interest is aroused
in such a question, at the right time,
it Is the best insurance against dis.
aster. The President and the Federal
Oil Conservation Board have done
what was needed, at the right time.
The country, the oil industry, the
motor car builders, are forewarned.
They will be forearmed.
1--WE don't know how much petro.
leum Is left in the ground, nor how
much of 1t can be recovered. We
don't know what new fields will be
found. nor how productive. We do
know that most of the petroleum thus
far has come from rather limited
areas within the United States, and
that even from these areas only a
small proportion has been taken out.
We know that oil produced by gas
pressure capable of lifting it to the
surface when we drill holes Is but a
small proportion Of all the oil con-
tanned in the sands. Even from the
best pools, recovery by the old
methods is small, perhaps one-half in
Evening star., 1926-12-12

Carthage, one Of the most wicked
and most mysterious of all cities of
the past, is slowly giving up its buried
secrets, according to Count Byron
Khun de Prorok, French archeologist,
who describes his discoveries at the
ruins Of Carthage in the annual report
of the Smithsonian Institution just
issued.
The ruins which have been exca-
waited were found by two amateur
archeologists. By following an Arab
who was selling Punic inscriptions in
the market place of Tunis, they came
upon the sacred precinct in which
the goddess Tanit had been worshiped
by the early Carthaginians.
When excavation was started. the
temple area proved to be in four
levels, each level corresponding to a
different period Of Carthaginian his
tory. The sanctuary dates back to
the foundation days of Carthage.
which, Count de Prorok declares, are
"lost in the night Of time.'
1.-THE temple of Tanit is our first
clue to the Phoenician city that dis
appeared from the face of the earth
during the dreadful conflagration
when the city burned for II days and
the smouldering ruins were plowed
through by the revengeful Romans"
he states. ''The excavation produced
of beautifully painted urns
Evening star., 1926-12-12

recover their lost provinces, and this
would involve Jugoslavia and Czecho.
slovakia, the partners of Rumania In
the little entente. Bulgaria, too, might
be moved If any reasonable opportu-
nifty presented itself to seek to recover
the Dobrudja.
Such in broad general lines is the
place Of Rumania on the map, a state
with an area greater than Italy and
capable OF maintaining q larger popu-
lation, increasing in numbers rapidly.
1t has a very strongly developed sense
Of nationality which goes back to re-
mote Roman times; 1t has a magnifi-
cent peasantry, so far, however, large.
lily ignorant and without political
training.
Capable Of very great economic de-
velopment, Rumania can only achieve
this development by foreign loans.
and undoubtedly the hope Of all Ru-
manians mas been to attract American
investors and capital, but political cir
cumstanees have so far prevented this.
1t Is a very great question whether
the far-reaching reforms which must
take place in the whole national polit-
ical structure can take place without
domestic revolution, and domestic
revolution would at least disturb the
situation In all Of the southeastern
portion of Europe.
Something Of the same struggle is
now taking place In the new state
Of Jugoslavia between the Inhabitants
Of the old Kingdom Of Serbia and the
Croats and Slovenes who were Aus
trian or Hungarian subjects before
the war and were accustomed to a
far higher and more modern po-
litical life. Between the fractions Of
the Polish people who were Russians
and the smaller but far more devel-
oped inhabitants Of Posen. which was
Prussian. and Galicia, which was
Austrian, the same differences have
led to slighter but still considerable
difficulties.
Neither the Queen nor her hus-
band. Of course. Is Rumanian. She
Is part Russian and part English. and
Evening star., 1926-12-12
Value of Citizens Associations

! am not altogether alone in my
opinion. The great city Of st. Louis,
for instance, is consciously feeling the
| need of this form Of continuing demo.
cratic participation in the THINGS Of
local government. 1t is now setting
up the machinery for that greater
participation by dividing the city into
geographical units, in each Of which a
| community organization not unlike
our own citizens association is being
formed. The city government, the
public schools, the community chest,
the Chamber Of Commerce, all city
wide organizations, have participated
In the business of organizing these
neighborhood groups. The City Plan.
ming Commission drew up the maps
for the new communities, just as Col.
| ! Kutz In 1915 drew up the maps for
the citizens associations Of the Dis
trict Of Columbia.
So the practice Of the District Of
Columbia. voteless, is being copied by
st. Louis, vote blessed, in order to in
| troduce a greater degree Of democ.
racy into its ordinary, everyday af-
fairs!
Let no one think that I am advo.
| eating the abolition Of the ballot box.
| merely mean to say that / share
with some other good democrats a
suspicion that the ballot box has not
yet solved all the problems Of democ-
| racy, and that If it can be supple
mented and complemented by some
other device, ! welcome that device.
I see such a device in the citizens
associations Of the District Of Colum-
bia. They are not merely crude sub.
stttutes for the ballot box They are
proper engines of democratic par
ticipation in local government that
| would be needed IL there were ballot
boxes all over the District and an elec.
ton every six months.
But" says the inquiring reader,
| ''you have not told me in what way
the associations are democratic, since
you confess that they still do not
| represent the whole people by your
| asking other citizens to join them"
My answer to that Is this: When.
| ever, when I was Commissioner, and
I assume 1t Is still the same, some
little group Of people in any com.
munity calling themselves a citizens
| association expressed an opinion
about anything, If it were actually the
| opinion of that community, nothing
else was said. But If the association
guessed wrong. the people Of that sec.
ton found means, and instant means.
to let the Commissioners know what
/
ing Of the association there would be
a bigger crowd and q big debate and
maybe reversal.
| This do know: That in Washing.
ton the administrative government
seeks the advice of the people with
| respect to the community problems:
that it relies with increasing conf
dence from year to year upon the
citizens associations; that the citi-
zens' associations are increasingly
sensible of the burden of their re-
sponsibility, and that here in Wash
ington, deprived of the ballot box, we
have devised new engine of dynamic
democracy which Is not a mere sub
stitute for the polls. but a compile
mentary necessity of popular govern.
ment.
So I say. IL you have any public
interest or any public spirit, or a
happy infusion of both, don't delay.
Join your citizens association today
Evening star., 1926-12-12

he is a Hohenzollern German, which
puts the dynasty upon a totally DIFF.
ferent status in Rumania from the
Karageorges Of Serbia, who go back.
not so distantly. to one Of the peasant
leaders OF the wars Of liberation
against the Turks. Moreover, the
dynasty suffered severely because of
the efforts Of the present Kings IA
ther to bring his country into the war
on the German side. which would
have meant the denial Of all hopes
for racial unity achieved by the union
with the old kingdom Of the Haps-
burg provinces with Rumanian ma.
jorities.
For the student Of modern Europe
and its problems. racial, social. DO
litical. as OF the new states and the
new order created by the war, Ru-
mania Is a fascinating subject, be.
cause It has all the problems of every
sort, but this naturally does not
make the cotemporary situation in
the big little country perfectly happy
or Immediately promising.
tCopyright. 1926.)
Evening star., 1926-12-12
By FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.
MID the orgy of 'inVestigs

A MID the orgy of 'investiga
~ tions" pending. planned and
"A threatened. official Washing
4 4 ton is giving serious though,
to the underlying purposes be
hind these crusades, the general effect
they may have, and the psychology
which they represent. individuals
now or prospectivelv under fire do not
enter into these reflections. They
are of importance only as symptoms
Bluntly. what men sitting in the high
places of the Nation fear is that the
country may be on the verge of an
epidemic of investigations" with no
more justification than the lust of
politicians to smell fire where there is
not even smoke. Another motive
hardly less common is the determine
ton of special interests, baked in this
or that direction by the policies or
programs of some department Of the
Government. to secure revenge by
subjecting 1t and its heads to "investi.
CATION"
A distinguished public servant, in
position to know whereof he speaks,
but whose name, for obvious purposes,
cannot be quoted. thus epitomizes a
situation which he declares is ram
pant" in Washington:
Not all the gunmen in the United
States operate in the Chicago area,
nor do they work exclusively with
automaticS' and machine guns.
''Poison Gas Is Weapon"
Washington IL full Of .gunmen.
whose weapons are poison gas and
whose favorite sphere of activity is
Capitol Hill. They are not members
OF Congress. On the contrary, it is
members Of Congress who are these
'gunmens' particular objectives. It
is impossible to estimate how many
or the fraternity are now on the
scene. But they customarily pitch
their tents in the neighborhood Of the
Capitol with the beginning of a new
session Of Congress.
THE 'gunmen' Of whom I am
speaking are usually plausible persons,
and they are always persistent and
persuasive. It is the language Of
high-minded patriotism and Of the
public welfare that they use. Francis
Due de Ia Rochefoucauld once sagely
remarked: Interest speaks all sorts
OF tongues and plays all sorts of parts,
even that Of distinterestedness.' That
describes the poison-gas gunmen's
squad Of Washington to T.
There seems reason to suspect that
the twelvemonth lying Immediately
duedO Oh US VIII De a Wl0e-Open sea-
son for the character assassination
which these resourceful and restless
persons practice professionally. An.
other presidential campaign is impend-
ing. There are ambitious men in
both great parties. Some Of them are
already in Government Office; others
are well known to aspire to secure
Office. Investigations having become
the modern American method of be-
smirching regulations, there are indi-
cations that 1t will be resorted to. with
more than usual abandon. in the times
to intervene between now and 1928
Where the 'gunmen' come in Is that
the ground must be prepared in ad.
vance by systematic and insidious
campaigns Of insinuation. That Is
their job.
Two Departments Threatened.
'It is circumstantially related that
ut least two great executive depart.
mentS of the Government are at
this moment threatened with con.
gressional investigation probably
with as little rhyme or reason as