davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1926-11-04
The Last Buffalo Hunt.

Americas last big buffalo hunt Is
scheduled to get under way within a
few days. From Salt Lake City Tues
day four hunters started out for
the northern end of Antelope Island
in Great Salt Lake to exterminate a
herd Of wild buffalo, estimated to
comprise more than two hundred and
fifty Of the big animals. Every ef-
fort has been made to take the buf.
falo alive, but due to the ruggedness
Of the country and the insurmount.
able obstacles to transportation from
the inaccessible island, this plan was
abandoned. The entire herd was Of.
fered for sale and there we're no buy.
ers. SO the present hunt has been or.
ganized. Owners Of the island desire to
convert it into q cattle ranch and it
is for this purpose that the buffalo
must be removed.
It will probably be q stirring hunt,
reminiscent Of the early days when
the hardy pioneers pushed out
through the West. The island is
nineteen miles long and six miles
across at its widest point. 1t is Of
volcanic formation and some Of its
peaks rise to more than fifteen
hundred feet. The difficulties Of the
task can best be appreciated when
the experiences of a hunter who
killed the flrst buffalo are recounted
It took him four days to get his
meat" and he succeeded only after
he had ridden ninety miles on horse
back and crawled a mile on his hands
and knees.
Already more hunters have volun-
teered than can possibly be used, de-
spite these difficulties. Applications
have been received by the wholesale
and the owners Of the island are about
to close the lists. In any event the
big hunt is now on and America s
biggest remaining herd of buffalo will
soon be wiped out.
Evening star., 1926-11-04

dry organizations. with blood in their
eyes. went out to put an end to the
Wadsworth wet leadership Of the
party in the State. Cristman 'polled
nearly 100000 votes and doubtless
thousands of dry Republicans failed
to vote at all in the senatorial elec-
ton. Wadsworth lost by 10000 to
his Democratic rival, Robert F. Wag-
ner, for the wet Democrats continued
to stick to Wagner, rather than go
over to Wadsworth as his support
ters insisted they would do in large
numbers.
1t Is to be expected that the dry
wing of the New York Republican
party will demand a reorganization.
No more excursions into the realms
of wetness will be countenanced If
the drys have their way. Who the
party leaders will be remains to be
seen, but new deal would not be
surprising.
The defeat of Senator Wadsworth
is real loss to the Senate. States
manlike. thoroughly honest and
courageous, the New York Senator
has served twelve years with dis
tinction in the upper house. 1t Is
regrettable that he should be sacri-
feed on the altar Of prohibition. The
drys, however, have for years sought
the political downfall Of the senior
Senator from New York, fearing his
powerful influence against the cause
which they have put practically
above all other causes.
Evening star., 1926-11-04
The Battle Of the Tombs.

Three dangerous criminals, con.
fined in the Tombs prison. New York,
yesterday tried to break Jail, rushing
the guards with guns in hand, shoot
ing down the warden of the prison
and then, for nearly half an hour,
holding Off the police in the court
yard of the Jail in a battle in which,
finally, two of them were slain and
one was mortally wol nded, some Of
the guards being wounded. The
thwarted attempt to escape was the
most desperate ever known in the
history of New York. The final toll
of casualties Is four dead and three
injured.
Immediately after the fight guards
made thorough inspection of the en-.
tire building in a search for weapons,
but found none. The plot to break
jail was evidently confined to the
three who died in their dash for lib.
erty. At present, nobody knows how
they were armed. They seemed to
have several weapons and a plentiful
supply Of cartridges. These had
doubtless been smuggled into the Jail
by friends. Probably now there will
be a stiffening Of the safeguards
against the introduction Of weapons
into the cells.
One Of the men. Hyman Amberg.
was held for trial for the murder Of
a jeweler in hold-up. Another, Rob-
ert Berg. was charged with participa-
ton in a $4,000 jewelry robbery.
Michael McKenna. known as des-
perate gunman, a typical gangster,
was accused Of engaging in a payroll
robbery.
1t is related that during the past
year no less than twelve attempts to
break Jail at the Tombs have been
frustrated. A few weeks ago a large
package wrapped In cloth was drop.
ped over the wall. It was picked up
by one of the guards and was found to
contain a pistol, a box of cartridges.
hacksaw frame and a package Of
ndCkSdWS. II Is IuTltlcT IOlu IIldC
Berg, one Of the prisoners killed in
yesterdays melee, was visited by his
wife a few hours before the break,
but they were separated during their
talk by two stout screens eighteen
inches apart, through which not even
the smallest object could have been
passed.
The Tombs prison is a famous in
stitution. During the many years of
it's maintenance it has held probably
the largest number of criminals ever
confined in a single establishment Of
it's kind in the world. 1t is verita-
bic fortress, connecting directly with
the Criminal Court Building by means
Of a bridge that has been named after
the celebrated viaduct in Venice over
which prisoners Of the ducal state
passed to their doom in ancient
times.
Evening star., 1926-11-04
Traction Merger Difficulties.

The subject of street railway
merger. always difficult. has been
rendered more so by the statements
made at yesterdays hearing that the
existing corporations do not contem-
plate that a union Of the systems
under a single ownership and man.
agement would result in any reduc-
ton Of fares. The public expecta-
tion has heretofore been that the
union of the lines would permit a
lowering Of the cost of operation by
amalgamated administration and
would likewise equalize the financial
status of the two systems, now suf-
ficently divergent to compel the
adoption of a rate that is higher
than the actual requirements Of .one
of the systems necessitate.
1t is proposed that in the event
of merger the cost plus profit basis
should be established in fare fixing.
This would, it is expected, lead to
a fiuCtuating fare rate. There Is no
possible arrangement whereby the
traction companies, or single COM
pany in the event Of a merger,
should be compelled to carry pas
sengers at loss or without a rea-
sonable profit. Fare fixing by the
Utilities Commission must always
take into account the right of the
companies to make a profit.
The fundamental trouble about the
COST basis Of fare fixing, as proposed
by the companies. is that the founda-
ton of the cost of furnishing trans
portation ia the valuation of the
properties Of the corporations. Be
tween the estimates of the companies
and those Of the Commissioners there
have always been wide differences.
In illustration of these differences It
is noted that the commissions val
uation of the Capital fractions
properties is $1s,000.000. whereas the
District Supreme Court has approved
The company's own valuation of
$50, 100000 from which decision the
District, has appealed.
Voluntary merger is greatly to be
desired, If effected upon conditions
which will correct the present sit
uation Of widely differing financial
foundations and permit the estab-
lishment of a fare schedule which
will give the public q proper service
and the company q proper profit
Recent efforts to effect such a
merger appear to have failed. The
matter may eventually go to Con-
gress for the enactment of a law
which will bring the companies to-
gether upon an equitable basis and
establish the fundamental principle
OF fare fixing which will be just to
all.
Evening star., 1926-11-04
New York Republican Chaos.

Republican organization and leader.
ship in New York need not only first.
aid treatment but major operations.
In State which can be considered
only Republican at heart. in view
Of the enormous pluralities rolled up
for Harding and Coolidge in the last
TWO presidential elections and which
gave Hughes 4 substantial plurality
over Wilson in 1916, the Democrats
have played horse with the Repub-
lican party. They rode into office
Tuesday on Republican backs in every
Statewide contest, except that for
attorney general from Governor and
Senator down. They gained three seats
in the national House Of Representa-
tlves and cut down the Republican
lead in both houses of the State Leg
islature.
The Republican leaders in New
York have only themselves to blame
for most of their troubles. In the face
OF the dry Republican strength up
state. Senator James w. Wadsworth
launched an attack on the eighteenth
amendment months ago. and efforts
were made by himself and other lead.
ers of the party TO have the Repub-
lican platform declare in favor of the
wet referendum. At the last moment
the wet leadership capitulated SO far
as the referendum was concerned, and
,nln fnil ha
to cast wet ballots in the referendum
Upstate dry leaders and Congressman
refused utterly to follow the proposal
OF the vets in this regard. An open
breach in the Republican national
convention would have resulted had
the Wadsworth leadership been fol-
lowed in this respect. Representative
Ogden Mills was chosen as the party
candidate for governor. He was re.
1artied as less wet than Wadsworth
and the hope was expressed that the
dry Republicans could rally to his
support.
The Republicans now face the
difficulty of continuing half wet and
half dry. The Democratic party OF
New York is wet in leadership and
in rank and file. 1t seemingly has
zrasped the more popular end OF the
wet and dry issue in the Empire
State, for many Republicans as well
as Democrats are wet.
The bone-dry Republicans, under
the leadership Of State Senator
Franklin W. Cristman Of Herkimer
County. aided by the Anti-Saloon
Lssgua, the ". G. T. u. and other
Evening star., 1926-11-04
The smell Of Autumn is unlike that

The smell Of Autumn is unlike that
of any other season.
The fresh earth smell, combined
| with burning leaves, spiced with the
tang of crisp air, lends the Fall dis
tinction to all those Of sensitive nos
trils.
Each season has it's distinctive
! odors. The large perfume of Nature
| IS not necessarily secured by distilla-
| tion in alcohol. although it sometimes
Is, but Is rather the work Of teeming
organisms and natural forces.
The sweet smell of Spring is not to
be mistaken for any other, while
Winter brings ozone to give unmis-
taxable evidence Of the season. Sum-
| mer, too, has a smell all its own.
Autumn, however, 'when the frost
Is on the pumpkin and the folders in
| the shock" as Riley said. delights
the sensitive nasal apparatus that has
| not been stultified by too much to-
| bacco or other aromatics.
The animals enjoy life, in this re-
spect, more than we do. They have
| keen, unperverted senses. of which
they are in no whit ashamed, the
Creator who made them never having
given them any intimation that nat
| ural instincts are shameful.
Your dog, on run through the
| woods or fields in November. draws
the cold clarified air into his lungs
with every evidence of satisfaction.
The house cat. out for a night of 1t,
shifts the wind.
And man, too, If he admits it, gets
| much pleasure out of the wholesome
| odors Of Nature. 1t would be too much
to expect that he enjoy the rank
smells which please the animals, but
certainly he appreciates the odors
more suitable to his civilized nostrils.
Artists and epicures-perhaps the
terms are Interchangeable In
praising the odors of food. The late
Henry T. Finck went so far as TO
say that the pleasures Of eating de.
pend largely upon OdOr. In this he
was supported by the prior work of
Brillat-Savarin, the French epicure.
The cookery Of that land seems largely
devoted to enhancing the appearance
and odor of foods.
The clean smells Of outdoors, how
ever, are moro acceptable to most Of
us. The STIFFNESS Of interiors cannot
be wholly swept away by opened win.
dows.
In the "great outdoors" alone one
finds the true odors of Autumn, the
delectable earth smells, caught from
wind and rain, held in the embrace
of earth, showered on all sides with
prodigal love.
Even the city streets share them.
The action Of frost Is felt keenly
in leaves and shrubbery. Who knows
but that certain obscure chemical ac-
tions caused by frost promote changes
sensible to human nostrils?
T1H@ to 80 1a@
reaches height in bonfires. banned
by city ordinances, but kindled now
and then despite them. The acrid
odor from burning leaves, IL diffused
enough by wind. causes only pleasant
sensations in olfactory organs.
Perhaps no Autumn smell can so
bring back memories as that Of burn
ing leaves. One of the first memories
Of children generally has to do with
this feature Of the Autumn wherein a
soaring fire burned unquenchable pic
lures into small. impressionable minds.
Evening star., 1926-11-04
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKfN.

lately tho United States Phflaeslso
Stamp Agency sold moro stamps
than at any time since its establish-
ment.
@. Please give the names OF some
notable living negroes.-T. b.
A. Some OF them are: Emmett r.
Scott. secretary OF Howard Univer-
sity and during the World War an
pointed by President Wilson as assist
ant to the Secretary OF War: r. r.
Motion. noted educator and president Of
Tuskegee Institute: William Stanley
Braithwaite, poet; Meta Vaux War
rick. sculptor: Henry o. Tanner. ar
tist; Joseph Henry Douglass, grand
son OF Frederick Douglass, violinist
Eugene Gordon, short story writer:
Charles Gilpin, actor; Edward q.
Gourdini, athlete. Harvard University.
Q: Has the League Of Nations
| f1ag?-N. B. S.
A. Several designs have been sub
! mitted and are under consideration.
but as yet none has been selected. and
the League has no flag.
Q. Do goats eat tin cans?-M. C.
| A. While 1t Is not true that goats
eat tin cans, they do eat paper. 1t is
probably the paper labels on the cans
that attract them.
| Q. Should q person actually weigh
the amount given on scales as the
average weight for given heights and
ages?-M. d. III.
| A. Many authorities agree that
| after a person passes the age Of 30
he should weigh from 10 to 20 per
cent less than the weight given OF
these scales as average. They explain
! that after that age person has
| ceased to grow and does not need eX
ira weight for building. 1t is. there
fore. deemed unnecessary to tax the
heart with pumping blood through It's
sues which are not actually needed.
@. According to our chronology.
when did the crucifixion of Christ take
place?-N. L. s.
A. 1t is believed to have been OF
Friday. April Z. 80 AID.
Q. How many miles Of water front
has New York City?-H. b.
| A. This port has the finest harbor
| on the Atlantic coast and has $50
miles of water front.
The keynote Of the times Is efficient
serrice. In supplying Its readers fC1th
q free Information Bureau in Wash
| in0ton The Ercning Star is Hiring up
to this principle in deed and fact. We
are p1Ung for this SCrUicc in order
| that 1t may be free to the public. Sub
nit gour queries to the staff Of cr-
| perts achoSe services are put at your
! disposal. Inclose cents In stamps to
| corcr the return postage. Address
| The Erening Star Information Blu
reau. Frederic j. Hdskfn. director,
| WASHINGTON, ID. G..
Evening star., 1926-11-04
THINK 1T OVER
History A La Mode.
By William Mather Letcis,
President George Washington University.

Some authorities on history. have
recently complained that interest in
this subject is at low ebb in America
today.
During a recent motor trip I visited
three homes-one on the Maine coast,
one near an Adirondack lake, and "a
third by the shores of Lake Ontario.
And on the living room table Of each
OF these Summer residences I noticed
copy of a recently published volume
of American biography. 1t Is q book
which ranks as q best seller" and
it is the simple story Of two men who
wrought nightly in the early days
of the Republic.
That book Is but one Of a dozen
relating to the men Of the same
period, published during the past
year and attracting wide public at
tention. Judged by the popularity OF
these works. We seem to be anything
but uninterested in history.
We wish our history delivered in a
different sort of package from that
which was formerly demanded. We
wish to follow the footsteps OF some
leader as he moved through the stir
ring events of the time.
Perhaps formal histories are today
resting unopened upon dusty shelves,
but that does not mean that there is
a lack of interest In the history of
mankind. 1t merely means that the
human interest" element is predom-
inant today. There are fashions In
reading just as truly as there are
fashions in clothes. The story OF the
period, the connected narrative Of all
time, the historical novel, the biog-
raphy-each has its day. And on
that particular day people are no less
interested in the march OF civiliza-
ton than on any other. They merely
wish to turn over O new leaf.
(Copyrfght l0oHO
Evening star., 1926-11-04

ality," and nave dictated that China
should not charge any higher duty on
imports than per cent. When 1t was
demonstrated that that rate would
never balance the budget, a confer
ence Of 13 powers was held in Wash
ington, four years ago, to consider
how much of self.determination CIV
ilization would hand back to China,
the largest country in the world, and
it was agreed that she should be per-
mitted to charge an additional 2h per
cent on all imports of necessities and
an extra per cent on 'luxuries."
This concession was conditioned
upon China's abolition Of the "likin"
taxa tax imposed by the provincial
governors upon all traffic across their
state lines. Many of the governors
had even run numerous "likin" bar
riers within their own jurisdictions,
SO. the traffic toll would be repeated
as the transportation advanced upon
its journey. 1t was required that all
this "likin'' must be stopped by the
central government If the higher rate
i-712 or 121a per cent-was to be per-
mitted by the powers.
But before the international con-
ference to make this adjustment with
the central government of China could
meet in Peking, two things happened:
l
right to fix her own tariffs. and would
put 20 per cent on necessities and 80
per cent on such ''luxuries" as to.
baccO and wines; second, the cen.
trail government ceased to function,
and so there was nothing left for the
powers to negotiate with.
Whatever tax were fixed, the rev.
enue would all be seized now by the
war lords. who have already seized all
income from the railroads.&c. their
net profit Of $1,000,000 a month-and
that would be equivalent to the
powers supplying additional means
of peace. The Tariff Commission,
therefore, has suspended meetings
and returned to the respective
countries to make report. The report
will be published in the United
States probably within a month, but
not before all the countries will have
received their copies.
X X *k
The United States is not seriously
concerned with the rates proposed by
China on necessities, for we do not
export much, except what hardware
and tools the Chinese must buy, what
ever the tariff. The only luxury"
| dAAOile3 O0A CAPOAtS ID tOUetICO-IO De
taxed 80 per cent, in place of the
present per cent, and there is con.
siderable protesting by our tobacco
interests. This Is based not only upon
the certain reduction of consumption
when the Chinese find their cost of
tobacco so increased, but 1t may pos.
sibly result in encouraging "infant
industry" in producing homegrown
tobacco. There is little of the prin.
ciple of a protective tariff" involved
in the discussion. for China is mainly
agricultural, and what China econ.
omists want is immediate revenue and
not tariff protection"
So the question Of stability goes
back to the original Wanted: A
Strong Man" to govern China. disband
her armies Of bandits and maintain
"a central government. In the IA
years since the Manchus were driven
out, there have been presidents,
AZ cabinets, each with constantly
changing personnels, and 25 ministers
Of justice. Now there is none-not a
vestige Of functioning central gov.
ernment.
tCopyriEht. 1925. By Raul v. Collins.)
Evening star., 1926-11-04
italy in Turmoil.

In violent reaction the Fascist Of
Italy are attacking their opponents.
deeply angered by the latest attempt
upon the life Of Mussolini. While
an official investigation is in progress
to uncover the plot that It is believed
lay behind the act Of the youth who
fired pistol at the premier and was
Immediately killed by the crowd,
mobs have stormed the dwellings Of
persons known to be identified with
ministration. Newspaper Offices have
been attacked Twelve such Offices
have been definitely closed by the
police. Despite the placing of guards
around the premises Of anti.Fascists
throngs Of zealots are clamoring for
revenge. The fact that Mussolini es.
capped death does not modify this in
tense feeling. For it Is recognized
by the Fascists that Mussolini Is
marked down for assassination by
his foes, and that each escape Is but
d iSoSCIlAklS Vi 1laC SkIohSCos
The ardor Of the Fascists is in.
spired by an implicit belief not only
in Mussolini as a man and as q lead.
er, but in the destructive purposes
of those who oppose him. Fascism
is regarded as the spirit Of Italian
preservation from Communism.
Should Mussolini fall his death would
be terribly avenged. These present
demonstrations and mass reprisals
would be slight in comparison with
the assault upon the opposition.
Details Of the attack upon the
premier are coming more fully to
light as the censorship relaxes. 1t
appears now that Mussolini was
saved by the fact that he wore a
bullet DETECTING garment. adopted as
a measure Of safety since the attacks
upon him began. II is also related
that after the assassin had dred the
Evening star., 1926-11-04
Press Differs on Court View
Of the Presidents Powers

That paper also agrees with those
who would check the great power
placed in the hands of the President
by the decision
"'The view of the liberals" In the
Judgment of the Columbus Ohio State
Journal. probably is that the decision
places a dangerous power in the
Presidents hands, capable of being
abused greatly. The danger exists
theoretically. but is almost negligible
practically. A President. sobered by
his great office, is not likely to be
mere political self f-seeker. If he were.
he would have public sentiment to
reckon with. Besides, the Senate
would still have the power to veto his
appointments" The Richmond News
Leader adds that FOR better or for
worse, America is committed to ex-
eCutive, not congressional administra-
tion and America must make real the
power of the man TO whom she in
trusts her affairs"
Adverse criticism of the decision
comes from various sources. The
Louisville Courier-Journal asserts that
lit nullifies to large extent the check
on the Executive that it was believed
was vested in Congress- and the Mil
waukee Journal emphatically declares
that "if the Supreme Court is right
about the Constitution, n new au
tocracy has been set up in the United
States" The Knoxville Sentinel, re.
marking that already it has been sug
gested that an amendment be made to
the Constitution. taking from the
President this unlimited power" ad-
vises that lit should be speedily pro-
posed and adOpted"
The New York World states that
''the gravity of the decision is evil
dent" referring to power over quasi
judicial. quasiexecutive boards. The
Springfield Union says of these boards:
IF it is thought that their usefulness
is irreparably impaired by the deci-
sion, the question may arise whether
it is better to reconsider the whole
problem of establishing such commits
sions or to rob the President of his
constitutional responsibility for the
execution of the laws. That, however,
can only be done by a constitutional
amendment. and so is little likely to
be done"
"In theory" concludes the Little
Rock Arkansas Democrat. the decision
will warn appointed officers that they
must enforce the laws, but at the
same time will it not give the Chief
Executive the right to remove them
unless they walk the political plank"