The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-03-13
Chang Tso-Lin, Manchuria and Japan


After the war he entered the service
Of China and became the chief of the
Mukden division. Chang Tso-Lin tool
advantage of the decay Of the state
apparatus of the Manchu dynasty
busted the two military governors Of
the two northern provinces Of Manchu
ria and united the power in his hands
whilst during all these years he en-
ployed the money obtained from the
country in order to develop its com
merce and industry. He became one
Of the chief shareholders Of the
Japanese bank in Manchuria. A con.
siderable portion of the mills and ex-
port undertakings belong to him. His
attempt to penetrate beyond the Great
Wall and to subject to his influence
the province of Shantung, as well as
Tchili along with Picking, constitutes
combination of the personal efforts
of the military clique and of the young
commercial bourgeoisie of Manchuria
to extend their rule beyond the from
tiers of the three Manchurian prov
inces.
A S, apart from the proletariat en-
"A gagged in the coal mines and on
the railways, there are no working
masses in Manchuria, the basis OF
Chang Tso-lin was fairly secure. The
commercial bourgeoisie, everywhere
and at all times, supported the abso-
Lutte power which aimed at extending
its sphere of influence. The general
staff of Chang-Tso-Lin held in its
hands the full administrative power
over Manchuria. The limitation Of
the power Of Chang-Tso-Lin was not
due to the population, but to Japanese
After the Russian defeat
in the Far East, Japanese Imperialism
obtained possession of the Southern
Railway, introduced its
troops into this territory in order to
protect the railway and, taking advan-
tage of the world war, began to Gust
from North Manchuria the Russian
which, until the war, had
imported 60 per cent of the manufac-
tured goods, 100 per cent of the petrol,
rs per cent of the sugar and 70 per
cent of the tobacco into this terri
tory.
THE cessation of Russian exports in
4 Manchuria, the cessation of the in
Hux Of Russian capital, facilitated the
attempt of Japan to take possession
Of this territory. AS she could not do
It openly, for fear of America, Japan
Chang-Tso-Lin as her tool.
But in supporting him she attempted
1t the same time to dictate her will to
him. The troops of Chang-Tso-Lin
we're trained by Japanese instructors.
rhe Japanese attempted to penetrate
nto all branches of the Manchurian
administration, and desired at the
'ame time to seize possession of Mon
soia in order to threaten Chang-Tso-
inns possessions not only from the
outh, but also from the north and |
vest.
The home police of -Tso-Lin |
md his dependence upon japan rem
Tered more hopeless every month his |
'forts to play role thruout the |
Whole of China. The democratic move
nent is growing in the whole of China.
t finds expression not only in the Kuo-
party, but also in a number
4 independent organizations of intel
ectuals and of the working class Tor
anizations of teachers, physicians, en-.
ineers and workers., in a great move
nent to improve the elementary
chools, to set up system Of peoples
Ugh schools, and in the women's
lovement.
THIS movement is weakest in Man
l chur4a. The mere fact of the exist
nee of great number of Russian and
apanese traders in Manchuria pre-
ented the formation of a broad, com
act Chinese bourgeois mass. Man
huria was the most backward PROV