Evening star., 1926-12-07
ARBITRATION URGED
TO PROMOTE PEACE
Conference on Cause and
Cure of War Considers U. S.
Mexican Affairs.

Ing peace was considered today by
the second Conference on the Cause
and Cure OF War, which will employ
its information in the creation of a
definite program for world peace to
be presented to the conference for ap-
proval at the closing session Friday.
II will then be referred back to the
nine national women's orga MIA tions
sponsoring the conference, for sepa-
rate adoption and practical further.
ence.
Speakers at the session this
morning-James G.. Macdonald. chair
man executive committee. Foreign
Policy Association, and Denys r.
Myers, librarian World Peace Foun-
dation-agreed that the United States
is relatively backward in promoting
arbitration and that the ultimate
solution must come through study and
action by the people themselves.
The Senate is the key to realizing
any degree of what the rest Of the
world accepts as progress in arbitra-
ton, declared Mr.. Myers.
Characters Like Dickens"
American foreign relations are
conducted by firm akin to the
characters of Dickens" he said. 1.-The
President and his diplomatic officers
meet the agents Of other countries
and reach agreements with them on
level of equality. fairly defending
the national interests and courteously
striving for mutual satisfaction. The
conduct of public business breeds
respect and understanding on both
sides. and especially impels the ex-
animation of underlying principles.
The Senate takes the product of the
President and his advisers into the
north end of the Capitol. where no
representative of the other country or
countries ever comes except to listen
silently from a gallery.
ITO read the Congressional Record
Is perhaps to understand why the
diplomatic gallery is practically
always empty The Senate in this
backStage position does not and can
not address itself to the other party or
even the merits Of the document in
many cases. 1t addresses itself to it's
constituents, with whom every Sena-
tor desires to make a convincing rec
ord. Too many Senators post ulate
dangers. unperceived by the better
informed President and Secretary of
state. in order to convince their con.
stituents that they are statesmen.
Moreover, constituents get vicarious
satisfaction in being saved from the
THE United States has not adopted
unlimited arbitration because treaties
do not go through the Senate. If you
like the story, you have no complaint
LII you do not like it. do not blame the
Senators. They are Senators only be-
cause people elect them. If, to para
phrase Lincoln, they are the kind OF
Senators people like, why that is the
kind we have. Given the voting and
party systems we use, the Senate is
probably fair sample of what people
want or are induced to think they
want. If that is true, the problem
Is to make the people want what is
rlght and proper in arbitration"
Situation With Mexico.
Mr.. Macdonald referred to the pres
ent situation between Mexico and the
United States and declared that the
treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in 1S4s,
between the two countries contained
an arbitral provision which if applied
now ought to be the means of settling
amicably the outstanding differences
between the, two governments.
Just prior to Mr.. MacDonald's ad.
dress Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait, gen
eral chairman of the conference. pre-
sented plan to send n representative
delegation to Mexico on December 80
Action on this proposal will be taken
probably at the final session Friday
leaders intimated. and further consid-
GRAFTON will he given to the Mexican
situation on Thursday morning, when
carleton BcalS. former PRINCIPAL of
the American High School Mexico
tltN. VIII speak on the policy Of the
United States toward Mexico and the
MEXICAN attitude toward the United
States.
A two-day study of the general for
eisn policy of the United States and
the foreign policies of this country
toward specific nations will begin to-
morrow morning.
Hope for Disarmament.
Speakers last night. a United States
Representative and an English pub
hclst' took up the general subject of
progressive international disarma
ment both expressing the hope that
some sort of an international court
Will he definitely and permanently es-
tabliShed.
Representative Theodore r.. Bur.
ton, member of the House committee
on foreign affairs, stated that on the
whole the attitude of the United
states has been favorable toward dis.
half. and Norman Angel. English
publiclst and lecturer. pointed out that
organization Of a real international
society Is essential before any disarm.
ament project can he accomplished,
and advocated an international insti-
tuition for peace among nations.
After tracing the history of partial
disarma policies of this Nation.
all OF them with the proviso of a rela-
tive standing in military strength,
Representative Burton discussed dif.
ferences of opinion arising at the
Geneva conference. and stated that
Notwithstanding the idealistic views
of many who favor disarmament. ire
spective of the action of other nations,
this view has not met with acceptance.
and IN the very nature of the case
cannot he, because if one nation were
to disarm. irrespective of the action
of the others, 1t would be at the mercy
of those who refuse to join in the
movement" Poisonous gas should be
restricted for defense purposes only
he said, and denied the idea that the
Use of poisonous gas in aggressive
warfare is humane"
Favors Court Adherence.
The whole question of disarmament
is interviewer with the movement for
the amicable settlement of interna-
tional controversies. he said. The
United States has taken a leading part
in movements looking toward arbitra-
ton, Mr.. Burton added. and declared
that II stand here TO steadfastiy ad-
vocate the adherence of the United
States to the World Court
Mr.. Angel pointed out that military
and political problems are not neces-
sarily separate factors. and explained
that tbs term defense" may mean
defense O. national interest as we'll as
the mere protection of any specific
bit Of territory. America. for example.
he said has fought several wars. but
all OF them have arisen out of disputes