davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13

was chosen as the standard bearer
because he was NOT an abolotionist,
and therefore he had never played a
prominent part in the abolition move
ment. He was chosen in place Of
Seward, a much ADLER and far more
courageous man, who was the real
leader of the republican party until
1850.
Lincoln was nominated because he
was considered compromiser, man
who would try to straddle the issue
and, if elected, use the government in
the interest of the northern Industrial
lists and at the same time leave slav-
cry intact. The industrialists did not
want to abolish slavery but they did
not want the slave holders to use the
power of government to the detriment
of the rising capitalist manufacturing
establishments of the North.
His Stand on Emancipation.
DUT the southern slave holders re-
- fused to yield to domination by
the industrialists and as soon as the
republican victory was announced
states began to secede from the union,
so that by the time inauguration day
rolled around and Lincoln became
president, most of the states of the
South were out of the Union and a
government formed called the Con-
federate States of America.
Everyone waited the Inauguration
of Lincoln and his first speech on
policy. On the appointed day it was
delivered and his opening sentences
included the shameful assertion that
slavery in the South was sound, that
the union would last forever, that Sc
cession was impossible (tho it was
then an accomplished fact) and he adj
vocated the return of fugitive slaves
to their masters. Thus the "great
emancipation" began his presidential
career with a speech damning to slav-
cry the thousands upon thousands of
Negroes who had, at the risk of their
very lives, escaped to the North.
Lincoln UphoIds Slavery.
THE fact that Lincoln did not have
i the courage to declare the civil war
a struggle for emancipation aided the
enemies of the North in Europe in
their intrignes and made it difficult
for those who opposed slavery to win
sympathy for the cause of the North,
because the impression justly pre-
vailed that neither the Union nor the
Confederacy Mad the slightest inten-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13

his course by the excuse that his only
motive was to save the union. He
said: - Fl fs@ su
My paramount object in this strug-
gle ls to save The union, and Is not
either TO save or destroy slavery.
If could save the union without
freeing any slave, y would do It; and
II | could save II by freeing all the
slaves would do Il; and If could
save It by freeing some and leaving
others alone. | would also do that.
Here, in plain words. from the pen
Of lincoln is the proof that the civil
war was not fought to free the slaves,
and that Lincoln himself did not con-
slider the issue one way or another.
He wanted to save the union so that
the cotton milk owners of the North
could get the raw cotton from the
South instead of permitting that ma
terial to go to the mills of England
while the property Of the northern
industariaiists lay idle. Whether that
cotton was harvested by slave labor
or free" wage-labor was matter of
utter indifference to Lincoln.
The Proclamation.
ON September II, after fierce fight
~ ing, the confederate army under
Robert q. Lee was checked in its
march toward Washington at the bat
tie of sAntietam. The fact that the
slaves remained on the plantations
furnishing material and food for the
Confederate armies finally influenced
Lincoln to issue few days later (Sep-
TENDER 23, 1852 the preliminary
emancipation proclamation, announc-
ing that the slaves would be freed in
all the states resisting the union after
January 1, 1868. Those slave holders
who ceased resistance to the union
could continue to hold their slaves.
This only elected jeers from the
South. So on January / a second
proclamation was issued declaring
slavery abolished by military author
ity in all the South except Tennessee
and parts Of Virginia and Louisiana
then held by the Union army. In those
slave section, held by the Union
army, slavery was permitted to -four
ish. To continue to hold slaves the
secessionists had only to signify their
willingness to cease opposition to the
Union.
So the emancipation proclamation"
was not in any sense intended perma-
nently to free the slaves. 1t was only
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13
The 10th Anniversary of the First
Polish Revolutionary Martyrs 4

ed the solution of the Polish question.
in a clear Marxist manner; combined
the Polish movement with the Rus
sian; indicated the necessity of mass
movement and action; organized many
demonstrations and strikes; printed
many proclamations, official papers
and pamphlets; and worked out to it's
broadcast possible form, the under
ground organizations combining them
with mass activity.
Ludwik Warynski, was arrested in
September 1883 and was tried with
the twenty-five comrades previously
mentioned in December 1885. He re-
ceived the sentence of sixteen years
hard labor and died February 1889,
in the horrible Sliselburg Citadel in
st. Petersburg called Iron Bag"
Stanislaw Kunicki, after he had
been sentenced to hang, sent out from
behind the prison wall letter In
which among other things, he said:
MAY the heavy indictments which
fall upon us not scare you :. do not
desert our red banner, hold it high
and you will win the victory.
These are my last words, this, my
brothers, is my last will which l am
sending you !"
And the Polish working class faith
fully accepted from the first martyr
this legacy which was a great help
in their struggle to overthrow the
cars regime. Altho handicapped by
the betrayal of socialist patriots, the
time is nearing when the workers will
overthrow the present regime in Pol
and and realize the1tru legacy left
by Kunicki and his comrades by hoist.
ing the red banner over the ruins OF
the Polish bourgeois state.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13
BY JOHN PEPPER.

THE social-democratic fraction in
L the German reichstag has decided
that (under certain conditions) it is
ready to participate in the big coali-
ton" government.
What is this so-called big coalition?
Nothing other than the government
of the German peoples party, the
centre, the democrats and the social
democrats. Hence, a government of
the entire German bourgeoisie with
the exception of the German nation
alists, supplemented by the social-de-
moerats. The big coalition is nothing
other than an, alliance of the social
democratic party with the bourgeoisie
and against the proletariat. 1t could
be expressed with the simplest arith-
metical formula: big coalition-big
betrayal.
tOF course the social-democracy will
" once more explain that it is in a
state of duress, that it could not do
otherwise than, in the interests of the
working class, to enter into this
alliance with the bourgeoisie. The
German social democracy has succeed
ed in this maneuver on three previous
occasions. The first time in 1918, the
second in 1921 and again in 1923, it
was able to maneuver so cleverly that
millions of German workers really
believed that the participation of So
cial-democracy in the bourgeois gov
ernment was an actual necessity for
the proletariat. But now, for the
fourth time, this maneuver will not
succeed quite so easily.
1t is really almost transparency
clear that the socialdemocratic lead
ership iTdeliberately created this So
called Estate. of duress" for them
selves. I'll.
| WHAT was it that really happened?
w The German nationalists desert
ed the Luther government just before
the acceptance OF the Locarno pact.
The government no longer had a par
Elementary majority. Had the social
democrats SO desired, by voting
against the Locarno treaty they could
have compelled the dissolution Of the
reichstag. But what did the social
democracy dor Like an old parrot,
for weeks and months 1t repeated /;
III the German nationalists desert we
shall not vote for Locarno even tho
we are for II, we shall not play the
role OF cats-paw for the German ma.
tionalists.' vaf
But when the German nationalists
really eserted-then the social-demo.
Gratis Nevertheless voted with the
Luther government. Thereby the sit
uation was once more saved for the
bourgeoisie and the German social.
democracy remained true to its ma.
ture. Prior to November 9th, 1918,
II wanted to save the German empire
OF the -H6hehsollern dynasty. As the
Ebert trial showed, dts entire activity
during the war and In the postwar
years was intended solely to save
bourgeois society from the assaults OF
the proletariat. AS was shown recent.
ly In the. so.called dagger trial." the
social'democracy co-operated with the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13
New Use for Company Unions.

FERNIE, B. C.-(FP)-Using their
company union to lobby against the
honest checkweighman bill In the
British Columbia legislature. the mine
operators Of the province nearly de-
feated the measure. Tom Uphill, Ia
Dor member of the legislature just
succeeded in amending the coal mines
regulation act to permit the free NOM
nation OF checlweighers.
The company union OF Fernle bomb
arded the legislature with letters and
kilograms opposing the measure on
the grounds that checkweighers might
be selected who were not memhers
Of the companyrynien. The bona flde
unionists could not communicate with
their members without losing their
Jobs. Uphill exposed the conniyance
of the mine owEsrsaand their decoy
union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13
seas Notes of an Internationalist
Big Coalition-Big Betrayal Big Deb0cIe
BY JOHN PEPPER.

most despicable of the kaiser's gener.
lis against the working class. In 1923
only the. Intervention of the social
democracy, the participation of the So
cial-democratic leaders in the govern
ment so confused the situation that
the revolutionary inclined masses re-
Trained from putting thru the revolt
ton. Now, in the winter of 1925,
while unemployment mounts so men
acingly, while social discomfort grows
from day to day, the social-democracy
again realizes that its time has come,
it seeks once more to fulfil its historic
mission, it aims once more to save
bourgeois society.
UNLESS all signs fail, the social
- democracy will not have it quite
so easy this time to fulfil its histories
traitor mission. Vigorous struggles
are also taking place within the SOL
cial-democratic party, not only are the
old right and left tendencies fighting
one another, but part even of the
avowed right. like Hilferding and
Breitscheid opposes the tactic of vo-
ting for Locarno and thereby hinder
ing the dissolution of parliament. The
opposition resolution in Thnringia,
the sharp attitude of the Breslau or
ganization, which was heretofore
served as the domain of the reichstag
president. Lebe, the leader of the
right wing, the wholesale transfer to
the Communists of social-democratic
votes in the last election-all this
shows that ever increasing proletar-
IN masses are expressing their dis
abstraction with the social-democratic
policy in one form or another
TT is no accident that even the on
4 cial right leadership of the social
democracy is split in this question.
The rights, Hilferding and Breitscheid,
as well as the left Resented and
Levi see with chattering teeth that
the working masses more aud more
turn from them. On the other hand
however, the most powerful portion OF
the leadership remains under the,
pressure of the Second International
which had officially declared for Lo-
+carno, and also under the influence of
the socialist party Of France which
likewise had supported Locarno. In
the question of the big coalition the
tactic of this leadership also plays a
great role. They desire to cooperate
with the bougreoisie, they feel them
selves uncomfortable in situation in
which, entirely against their will they
must occasionally function Jointly
with the Communists as workers
opposition.
The German socialdemocracy has
been the government already three
times. In 1913 there was as yet no
Communist mass party in Germany:
in 1921 the March action prematurely
shattered the Communist advance
guard; in 1928 the Brandler leadership
OF the Communist Party missed Are
Now, in 1926. the Communist Party
OF Germany is mighty mass party
and Is following the correct tactic Of
the united front. We may hope that
the big coalition this time will signify
not only the big betrayal but also thu
big debacle Of the socialdemocracy.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13

TN January %, this year, the work
4 ing class of Poland commemorated
the deeds of the first Polish martyrs
for the social revolution Kunicki, Bor-
dowski, Ossowsl1i and Pietrusinski.
who were murdered in the citadel of
Warsaw by the cars regime, on
Jan. %, 1886. These comrades were
all members of the social-revolutionist
"Proletarian" party of Poland-the
first socialist party.
Stanislaw Kunicki, an engineer,
was born in 1861, the son of doctor.
He took an active part in organizing
circles among students in st. Peters
burg where he was a student in
university, and for some time an ac-
tive member of "Narodnaya VOLTA"
terrorist organization. Compelled to
leave Russia after the assassination
of Alexander III in order to avoid ar
rest, he became active in the revolu-
tionary movements of Germany,
Switzerland, and Paris. Later due TO
dearth of leadership in Poland
brought about by the arrest and inn
prisonment of revolutionary leaders,
it became necessary for Kunicki to
return to Poland where he became
the theoretical and organizational
leader of revolutionary activities.
In July 1884, Kunicki. with twenty
five other revolutionists was arrested.
Among them were Bordowski, Ossow-
ski and Pitrusinski. Piotr Bordowski,
Of Russian parentage, had been sent
to Warsaw by the Russian government
to serve as Justice of the peace.
There he became active in the revolu-
tionary movement as a link between
/ the Polish and Russian revolutionists.
Michael Ossowski, railroad worker
also took an active part in organizing
workers in Warsaw, and was charged
with participating in the killing Of the
government agent Skrzpczynski, while
Jan Pietrusinski a. textile worker ac-
tive in the small Industrial town Of
Gierz and an organizer Of several
branches, was tried for a similar
charge: participation lin the killing
Of government agent, +. Heller.
The four comrades were convicted
by trial in December, 1885 and hanged
January rs, 1886.
Attic in the 7Os, there were social
list organizations in western Europe
and, to limited extent, in Russia,
there was no organized movement in
Poland. which at that time was split
into three parts over which Austria,
Germany and Russia reigned. The
FIRST workers organizational effort in
the history Of Poland was made by
Ludwik Warynski, who was called the
Polish Lenln" by Comrade Felix's
Kon. The new workers organizations
were called defense circles" and
their chief activity was in the collec.
tion Of money which they used in
time Of strikes. Altho these organiza-
tions did not develop a socialistic pro-
gram, the hangmen Of the car recog
nlzed the smo1dering danger existing
In their class character. and immedi-
ately staged a. raid arresting and
failing dozens Of workers.
The outstanding figure In the advent
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13

LIVERY year the I2thsof February
~ (Lincoln's birthday is set aside
as national holiday. 1t is an oc-
casion for patriotic societies to in
dulge in the most preposterous eulog-
iums to Lincoln as the emancipation
Of the Negro slaves Of the cotton
plantations. His career is pictured
IN glowing terms to the working class
Of the nation as an outstanding ex-
ample of Americanism. The capitalist
class tries to create the illusion that
the United States of America enjoys
greater freedom than any nation on
earth and that 1t owes this freedom
to those heroes that strut in majestic
array across the pages of patriotic
histories. The Illusion of liberty is
all the more necessary today in order
to conceal the vicious class charac-
ter of the United States government.
On the day when the patriots cele-
brate Lincoln's birth we. will present
a few facts to the readers.
A persistent myth has grown up to
the effect that Lincoln was the great
emancipation, whose zeal for liberty
for all humanity knew no bounds.
There is not one fact in his whole
life to support this fiction. Far from
being a courageous and determined
champion Of the cause of the enamel
patton of the slaves of the South, he
was one of the very last to demand
the emancipation of. the Negroes.
And the emancipation, proclamation
itself, as we shall see, was nothing
more than a war measure, adopted
after every effort had been made to
evade the issue, and was never cal
culated to free all the slaves.
Agent Of lndustriaIism.
THE republican party, the party of
: Lincoln, came into existence as the
political expression of the economic
interests of the industrialists of the
North, who desired to wrest control
of the government form the hands of
the chattel slave holders Of the South
In neither of the two. campaigns of the
republican party preceding the civil
war was the demand for emancipation
put forth. But John c. Fremont, the
candidate in 1856 (the first cam
paign) was known as an abolitionist.
This fact was believed to. have caused
his defeat.
So, in the campaign of 1860, Lincoln
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13
Australian Unions to
Fix Political Policy

SYDNEY-(F P)-1The Labor Coun-
ell of New South Wales has called a
special congress of all trade unions
in New South Wales at Sydney for
Feb. 20. The purpose is to fix politi.
cal policy. There IS danger of split
between the industrial and the politi-
cal wings Of the slabor movement in
New South Wales.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-02-13

a Party a new subscription
or the DAILY WORKEk ~ss. .s..s.--.r
Evening star., 1926-10-19
TESTS OF NONSTOP
PLANES TO BE MADE
Fuel Consumption Will Be Studied
Before Flight From Vir-
ginia to Panama.

Final tests of the two PN-10 planes
assigned for the Hampton Roads Canal
Zone nonstop flight will begin at the
Naval Aircraft Factory at Philadel.
phia tomorrow. One of these tests
will be the fuel consumption under
various load conditions for the pur.
pose of assuring naval experts of the
ability of the ships to meet the 1889
mile jump to Colon, Panama.
The two planes have been under
going other engineering tests at the
factory for the last week, and it is
expected they will be ready for the
flight by October 26. They probably
will proceed shortly after this to
Hampton Roads for the take-off.
The actual date for the long flight
has been left entirely to Lieut.. Comdr.
H. T. Bartlett, commanding officer,
who also will make final selection of
the crews.
The aircraft tenders Wright and
Sandpiper will take station for the
flight on the first long overseas lap
of the journey between Cape Hat
teras and Miami, Fla. The mine
sweeper Swan will take station a hun
dred miles out on the course from
Colon and two destroyers, still to be
selected, will link up with these ships
in covering the 760-mile water gap
between Colon and the Isle Of Pines.
Evening star., 1926-10-19
TARIFF CUT NOT FAVORED.
President Represented as Holding tx
Present u. s. Policy.

It was made very plain at the
White House today that President
Coolidge will not agree to general
lowering of the American tariff as is
being advocated by an organized move
ment Of prominent financiers and
manufacturers and some Americans,
including the Morgan company.
While he Is sympathetic toward the
economic recovery of Europe, he Is
not in g. frame of mind to contribute
toward this reconstruction at the ex-
pense Of his own country.
The manifesto in question, while It
has not been read by the President, is
evidently familiar to him from the
manner in which he discussed it
through his spokesman at his confer
ence with the press.
He doubts very much If the tariff
can be lowered, as Is advocated in It,
without gravely jeopardizing the po-
sition of the United States and with
out seriously damaging the high
standards Of living and a prosperous
production in this country.
The President is understood to be
aware that more than one movement
is on foot to bring about the breaking
down of the present tariff, but from
the manner in which the President
viewed this subject today he is pre-.
pared to lead a determined fight
against any such onslaughts in the
future.
1t was pointed out IN consideration
of the proposal to lower the tariff for
the benefit Of foreign countries that
out of the 5000, ,000.0 900 worth of i'm.
ports intos this country annually q
tariff duty is paid on only $500, ,000,-
600 Of that amount. The remainder
of this amount of imports enters this
country duty free.
Evening star., 1926-10-19
CRAMTON ORDERS
TENANT EV|CTED
Michigan Representative
Acts When He Learns of
Dry Law Arrest.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
DETROIT, October r19.-Representa
tive Cramton Of Michigan, ardent dry
leader and prohibition legislator
whose Irving street home in Washing.
ton has been occupied by an alleged
bootlegger in Mr.. Cramton's absence
from the Capital, yesterday ordered
his secretary to evict the tenant.
The nature of the business" being
carried on at the dry leaders, home
has caused comment over the entire
Nation as a result of the arrest last
Sunday of Jack O'Hearn, 28, on a
charge of transporting liquor.
OHearn, who, according to Cramton
rented the Cramton premises by pos.
ing as high brow" from the West,
has been released under $500 bond.
Eviction Ordered.
Following receipt of a telegram
from his secretary in Washington,
notifying him Of his tenants tilt with
the law, Representative Cramton i'm
mediately wired his aide to have the
man ousted. Cramton is now making
lecture tour of Michigan.
llTSL lIldl COIiOlIlOIlo Ail lily
Washington home were not as they
should be-" Cramton said yesterday,
when l received the wire from my
secretary.
He advised me that my tenant was
highly undesirable and that consider
able comment was being made about
it. I, of course, wired him full in
structions.
Surprised by Arrest.
ST rented the home to this man
O'Hearn last May, at which time I
was preparing to go abroad for a
while 1 had advertised in the papers,
and he apparently came in response to
the ad. He told me his name was
Anderson, that he was a doctor and
was in Washington doing some re-
search work at the Congressional
Library. His home, he said, was in
Denver, Colo, to which he planned to
return following completion Of the
work in Washington.
He was a scholarly appearing sort
of person, and it is a great surprise
to me to learn of his arrest
Evening star., 1926-10-19
BANK LOOT SEARCH
ENTERS MARYLAND
Reward Spurs Hunt for
Knapp and $500, 900 in
Pittsburgh SWindIe.
By the Associated Press.


PITTSBURGH, October 19.-Search
peared Friday with $4,000 in cash
centered upon Maryland today, with
pursuit spurred by offer Of a 81 00C
reward for the alleged bank swim
dler's capture, and a bonus Of 10 per
cent Of all money found on him.
One clue to his whereabouts sent
Pittsburgh detectives on a fruitless
search last night to Side Hills, Pa, a
mountainous hamlet in Fulton County
and then across the Maryland border
10 miles away. Just what their Mary
land destination was could not be
learned nor had any report been re-
ceived from them since they had re-
ported their failure to find Knapp at
Side Hills.
Meanwhile additional informations
charging embezzlement were preferred
against three officials Of the Brother
hood Savings & Trust Co., which
was closed after Knapp's disappear.
ance with the cash, nearly third
Of the banks funds. He had been
given the money in payment for
S800,O0 worth Of Liberty bonds, al
legged by some detectives to have been
the property Of John A. Bell, presi-
dent Of the bankrupt Carnegie Trust
Co. The information charging en-
bezzlement were sworn to by a State
bank examiner.
The reward for Knapps capture
was offered by r. A. McCrady, presi-
dent Of the bank. now free under
$175,000 bond on various charges
brought in connection with the
SWindle.