Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1926-07-30

q permanent home and observation sta N--~S#%#,
ton for the explorers The house. which
rose up on the horizon Of the frgd north IN m.rtad
trast to the gloo of the eskimo equpped with com
pee radio outnt that those who remained at the base
while Lieutenant Byrd made his thrilling dash to the
fole IN mis- speeding Fokker might keep in touch with
their chief and the outside world which thev kent in
formed as to the progress and success of the flight
1t was to this same home that he returned after his
hazardous trip and from which some of the first mos
sages were sent to the waiting public telling tbon,
through the lanes of the Byrd had circed the
pole three times and had returned his spitzbergen
home In safety adding the most memorable
to the history Of Arctic exploration.
Sugar Cane Fights Polar North
When Lieutenant Byrd left the Brooklyn Navy Yard on
the ship Chanter he declared he had the best and most
scientifically equipped expedition that ever had started
for the North Pole. Special plans were made for the
erection of his Arctic home Boards celotex insulating
lumber made from bagaSse tsugar fiber after all
juices have been extracted) were carried along
with the latest Inventions to aid in polar exploration
This building material is very light and is filed with
millions of air cells which give great insulation value
and resistance to change in temperature especially the
cold. One odd circumstance connection with
the of this material is that the sugar cane of the
south utilized to fight the cold of the north
Celoex was selected instead of lumber because tests
made by the United States Bureau of Standards and
Its universal in building construction all over the
world, had demonstrated that this insulating lumber
would keep the quarters of the explorers warmer and
nary building material.
1t only after careful investigation by the scientific
men In the expedition that celoex selected These
authorities pointed out that the protection afforded bv
Its insulation efficiency three times as great as ord
nary lumber and nearly twelve times great as that
OF brick and other masonry material The ship Chaner
also was lined with celotex added precauon to
keep the ship while the explorers used it in the
preliminary stages of the expedition
In practically every other way this expedition was
more scientifically prepared than any of it's predeces-
sors. These included inventions Of Commander Byrd
himself A simple compass conceived by Byrd and
developed by Mr. Bumstead Of the National Geographic
Society," superseded the complicated German device de-
Veloped three years for Amundsen The drift in
dicator also Byrds invention The bubble sexant
by which the navigator obtains his bearings while in
flight was another of his Inventions Still another
scientic development quick method of telling when
one Is at the North Pole. This has been worked out
by g. W. Littehales the navys photographic engineer
Device Locates the Pole.
Byrd and others contributed to a chart Of the mag
netc lines flowing toward the magnetic North Pole
which is in Bothla Land 1900 miles south of the Pole
Between Bothla Land and the Pole the campass points
south instead Of north and much of the Arctic
it badly disturbed by the discrepancy position
tween the geographical North Pole and the magnetic
North Pole.
This chart Of the magnetic lines flowing to the mag
nec North Pole although far from complete was
such to enable the navigator to tell in what direction
the compass should point from any spot in the Arctic
With this knowledge, the erratic behavior of the COM
pass becomes orderly and it is again useful nsru
ment
third type of compass used was device of infinite
sensitiveness-a revolving electrical COLL which ad
justed to given relation with the magnetism of the
earth This, the compass, and the magnetic COM
pass each used to correct the other.
Lieutenant Byrd In his flight used quick method of
telling when he actually at the Pole This was the
invention worked out by Mr. Littlehales the u S.
Navy photographic engineer. 1t shows suns posi-
from the North Pole at every hour Of the day and
every day Of the year. When the flyer the Pole
he can by ascertaning the position the SUM-
prove that he is the Pole
Flies 5000 Miles Over Arctic.
The expedition, backed by such men John D.
Rockefeller Jr and Theodore Roosevelt Jr had three
main ob1ecta