davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10
Excessive Hours Of Work,
Indoor Toll, Little Sleep,
Big Evils Of Child Labor

in delivery and collection, messenger
Service, on milk wagons and similar
deliveries. Odd jobs included work in
restaurants, barber shops and boot
blacking. Most of the children doing
housework were apparently working
at home.
Plea for Moderation
The social view of those who ask
that moderation be observed in giving
children employment after school is
voiced as follows by Angelo Patri,
well known New York educator:
children need work as part of their
growth. But they can not grow when
work becomes drudgery. The work of
a child should have in it hope of find
ing new thing. Work should be
venture. Factory work or housework
that has not this element is deaden-
ing | am in favor~of work and op-
posed to child labor"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10
Deposits in Labor Banks Now
Total More Than $lll,O00,0O0
BUSINESS MEN
WARNED TO SHUN
FARM PROBLEM

Washington. - The United States
Chamber of Commerce has been mott
fed that farmers are the best judge
of their problems and that a policy
of delay by business men "is game
two can play"
Representative Dickinson, of Kan
sas, leader of the house farm bloc,
made this statement when it was an
nounced that the Chamber of Com
merce has created committee tc
promote the development of broad
and far-sighted national agricultural
policy"
The Kansas lawmaker said the busi-
ness men intend to filibuster against
the passage of a genuine farm relief
bill.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10
General Motors Insurance
Seen as Move to Discourage
Unionizing Among Employees
While Corporation Offers "Protection" 1t Reaps
Harvest in Dues Collected Through Its
Company Unions-Big Policy Covers All
Subsidiaries of Imposing Group.

By international Labor News Service
Washington, D. C.-Organized la
Dor here regards the move of Gen
eral Motors in insuring it's employees
with the Metropolitan Life Insurance
Company under a new policy that, in
total, runs to $10O,0OO,O0O, as clear
move to thwart the trade union organ
izing campaign by tying the employees
more tightly to the company and its
anti-union policy.
Beyond doubt this move is for the
purpose of counteracting, as far as
may be possible, the campaign of or
ganization," said James O'Connell,
president of the metal trades depart
ment of the American Federation Of
Labor.
Group insurance policies have been
written by employees for some years
and the anti-union motive has played
at least a considerable part in that
movement from the start" Mr.. O'Con-
nell continued. Announcement that
this insurance has been provided, COM
ing just at this time, is quite signifi-
cant. But it will be noted that the
employees are to stand part of the
cost. This will be collected, naturally,
through the company's check-off, a
little being taken off each pay check
without consulting the wishes of the
employee"
Elsewhere it was pointed out that,
through "dues" to it's company unions,
General Motors collects an enormous
revenue from it's employees regularly.
In the one city of Flint, Mich, as
John P. Frey pointed out in the De-
troit convention of the A. F. of L.,
General Motors collects more than
million dollars a year in this manner.
Labor men conclude that similar
revenue is similarly collected in all
other General Motors centers, such as
Pontiac, Detroit and Cleveland.
AS interesting as the insurance pol
icy itself, which is the largest of its
kind ever written, is the list Of sub
sidiary companies operated by General
Motors, which follows, in part:
Fisher Body Corporation, Chevrolet
Motor Company, Buick Motor Com
pany, Delco-Light Company, Cadillac
Motor Car Company, General Motors
Acceptance Corporation, A-C Spark
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10

shown in the deposit column.
The financial strength of labor, a
matter of great uncertainty prior to
the advent of labor banks, is now
amply indicated. In total, this finan-
cial strength would run far above the
funds shown by the bank statements
and probably could be little more than
approximated. 1t would include the
cash value of large number of build
ings throughout the country, some of
them small meeting halls, and some
of them imposing metropolitan struc-
lures; and it would include large sums
invested in bonds and other securities,
as well as money deposited in banks
mot in the list of labor banks.
Adding to the financial strength of
labor is the new Union Labor Life
Insurance Company, now preparing
actively for the opening of business
about January 1. President Woll is
now continuously engaged in making
the necessary arrangements for an
expert staff. With this company in
operation there will at once begin a
new accumulation of labor funds.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10
OWNER OF PATENT
Beyond Control. Decision OF
Supreme Court

Washington.-Th owner of a pat
ented article has monopoly, and he
may instruct his agents to charge any
price he chooses.
The supreme court took this posi-
tion in the case of the General Electric
Company and other concerns that hold
patents on incandescent electric
lamps.
Retailers, acting as "agents" for the
manufactures, sell the lamps at fixed
prices, which makes competition and
price cutting impossible.
The government insisted that if the
companies are permitted to designate
merchants as their agents." other
manufacturers may do likewise and
the anti trust law will be impaired.
The court agreed that the COM
panies had practically developed
monopoly.
But under the patent law the
patentee is given by statute a mon
opoly of making, ,.using and selling the
patented article" the court said.
In upholding the agent scheme the
court indicated that if the companies
combined with retailers to uphold
prices this would be illegal, as the
former would go beyond their patent
rights.
This is evaded by the companies
making the retailers their agents.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10
CREDIT UNIONS
Fast Growing; Aid Low.
Wage Workers

Washington.-The growth of credit
unions has been rapid in this coun-
try during recent years, according to
an article in the November issue of
the Monthly Labor Review, published
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Ordinarily in an unexpected emerg-
ency, the wage Garner or man on a
small salary who has little or no
tangible security, finds it difficult to
secure a loan, it is stated. The credit
union, often called the "poor mans
bank" meets this need. There were
284 active credit unions in existence
in 20 states in 1925, and in the same
period "a states enacted legislation
authorizing cooperative credit So
cieties. Although the majority of the
unions were formed in the last five
years, the membership Of 176 report
ing organizations numbered almost
100000 in 1925. The share capital
amounted to approximately $11 100000
and loans to more than $4,000, 900.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10
COLORED GIRLS
Aided By Chicago Trade
Un;Onists

Chicago.-The local Federation of
Labor has supplemented it's support
of colored girls on strike against the
Maras Date and Fig Factory by issu-
ing an appeal for financial and moral
support to leading colored clergymen.
The girls were unorganized when they
ceased work. Their cause was taken
up by trade unionists, who organized
them, and are assisting to secure a
living wage and sanitary work condi-
tions.
In their appeal to the clergy, the
unionists say: "You can appreciate
their hardships when you know that
under the old rate they received $3.50
per week for beginners and $14 per
week for those with two years ex-
perience, and insanitary conditions of
their employment, one lavatory for
100 girls and one small sink to wash
their hands and work rags. If the
general public were acquainted with
these conditions, they would not pur-
chase the product of concerns that
handle eatables in this way.
"The Chicago Federation Of Labor
expresses appreciation to the minis
ters who have given their sympathetic
support to these colored girls. We
believe this will lead to collective bar
gaining, better standards Of life, de-
Ivelop self-respect and hasten the day
| of industrial equality"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10

Plug Company, Oakland Motor
Car Company, Olds Motor Works
Mclaughlin Motor Car Com.
pany, Remy Electric Company, Hyatt
Roller Bearing Division, Jaxon Steel
Products Company, New Departure
Manufacturing Company, Dayton En-
gineering Laboratories Company, Cen
trail Foundry Company, Michigan
Crank Shaft Company, Ternstedt
Manufacturing Company, National
Plate Glass Company.
Another interesting feature of this
matter is that the Metropolitan is
reported to have discontinued all
agents commissions on group insur-
ance, in order to cut down as far as
possible the cost of writing that type
of business.
1t is strongly suspected here that
the imminence of the entry of the
Union Labor Life Insurance Company
into the field is closely related to this
latest move.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10

Q.-Please give short account Of
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10

the life of William kohn, of the Up
holsterers' Union.
Ale has been president of the
Upholsterers' International Union of
North America since 1921. Born De-
cember ID, 1874; self-educated; ma
tional organizer Upholsterers' Union,
1908; business representative, 1909
21; president, New York Central Fed
Grated Union, 1920.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10

Q.-How many union building me-
chanics in New York city have been
awarded tokens of superior craftsman
ship?
A.-One hundred and fifty-seven
workers have been awarded certif-
Gates and gold buttons for outstand-
ing work on IA buildings. The awards
are made by the New York Building
Congress.
Q.-What was the famous Allen
Flood case?
A.-This was a case in which the
English house of lords held that
workingmen have the right to refuse
to labor with others to whom they OBJ
ject or to refuse to labor on any
ground which seems to them proper
Q.-Why are the printers organized
in particular shop or establishment
called chapel!
A.-Because William Caxton, the
earliest English printer, set up his
first printing shop IN a disused chapel
of Westminster Abbey. In the Inter
national Typographical Union q
chapel is formed in each separate
shop employing three or more mem
bers. It is in reality a sub-local.
Q.-What is the communist mani.
festo?
Alt as a famous socialist inter
probation Of industry, written by Kar
Marx and Friedrich Engels and pub.
lished in 1848.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10

By International Labor News Service
New York City-Revelation by
the Federal Children's Bureau that
labor of boys and girls under 16 is
again on the increase bears out warn
ings of the national child labor COM
mittee of the let-down of enforcement
following the defeat of the federal
child labor amendment.
Detroit shows a steady increase in
the number of minors employed Vo-
cational school surveys show what
type of children go to work in De-
troit and the results. 1t was found
that over 40 per cent of the children
worked indoors. This means the child
is inactive, as he has been in school
all day and that he suffers from lack
of fresh air and his physical develop
ment will be retarded
Hours of Labor Excessive
Hours Of work were found exces-
sive in Detroit. To complete an eight.
hour day a child can work only two
hours in addition to his school work.
Adding eight hours for Saturday, this
makes 48 hours a week as maximum
employment. 1t was found over one
fifth of the children exceeded this
maximum and IL per cent spent more
time on their outside work than they
did in school, over 80 hours a week
Virtually none of the children had a
weekend day of rest, onN-quarter
working both Saturdays and Sundays.
Too little sleep was another handi-
cap, most boys and girls who work
after school sacrificing sleep to make
little extra money. A child over
thirteen should have at least nine
and half hours sleep. Children who
work 80 hours plus 80 hours in school,
or go hours, can't get their share of
sleep, it is obvious. In Detroit nearly
IA per cent OF the working children
were employed at night and therefore
could not sleep normally.
Country Children Exploited
The country is frequently a worse
exploiter of children than the city
This is shown by the survey made two
years ago of children in Dutchess
county, N. Y, where about one-half
the people live on farms and where
there are only two small cities. Thir-
teen per cent of the children were
working after school hours.
One-ffth of the children, mostly
girls, were engaged in housework.
One-fourth of the boys were engaged
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1926-12-10
Labor Queries

Questions and Answers on La
Dor: What 1t Has Done; Where
1t Stands on Problems of the
Day; Its Aim and Program;
Who's Who in the Ranks of
the Organized Toilers, ETC., etc.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18
Mash Feed Is Important
for Production of Eggs

"A large mash consumption is neces-
sary for the maximum number or
eggs" says r. f. Cray. extension spe.
ciallst In poultry at the Ohio State
university. Therefore. II will pay to
induce the hens to eat as much mash
as possible. One suggestion that Mr..
Cray makes is that the grain be fed
only In the evening, which viii cause
the hens to eat more OF the mash than
they otherwise would
Plenty OF space at the mash hop
pers is also recommended as another
means Of bringing about larger con-
sumption OF mash. Tlmld hens will
be crowded away II the space around
the hoppers is small. One foot Of hop.
per space Is suggested for every five
hens
II the mash is moIstened with milk
occasionally, the hens will appreciate
the variety and will eat large quaint.
ties.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18
Feeding Fresh Silage
to Dairy Cow in Fall

With the. emphasis, this fail, ON more
and better milk from the same num-
Der or fewer cows, most dairymen
cannot AFFORD to let any green feed 90
to waste at sllo filling time, according
10 the animal husbandry department
at the State College of Agriculture at
Ithaca. n. Y.
When the sIlo is flied and allowed
to seal Itself by the heating and fer
menting of the top layer there Is an
appreciate loss OF feed. II the sllo
is filled early in the fall while there
is yet plenty Of pasture or other green
feed. II may not be practicable Ia
avoid this waste. However, II the
siIo Is filled later. when all the avail
able green feed Is needed. feeding
from II should begin Immediately.
When this Is done, the labor and I'm.
pIeasantness Of removing the surface
layer is avoided also.
For a number OF years, the men in
the department say. the dairy cows at
the college have been fed the green
corn as II came from the machine
when the sIlo is being flied and then
fed the silage when It Is heating and
settling. So far as Is known, no bad
effects from this method have been
noticed In the herd
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18
BULL is
FOUND GUILTY"

Prepared BY the United States Department
Of Agricultural
Scrub-hull trials. as means OF Gre
ating interest in improved live stock.
have acquired many diversified fea-
lures. according 70 reports received
by the United States Department OF
Agriculture. Such trial, recently
held In Portage county. Wisconsin. as
described by County Agent II. II.
Noble. attracted an attendance of
$500 persons. The trial occurred IN
connection with a dairy field day. a
dairy bull being the prisoner before
the bar. The judge pronounced the
verdict Of guilty" following the pres
entatl0n OF evidence In which pure
bred and scrub sIres were compared.
But, contrary TO the customary SEN
tence OF execution In such cases. the
prisoner received a reprieve In the
form OF sale to officials OF an adjoin
ing county for second trial. the sale
price of the inferior animal being
$3.50. Thus the bull has begun to
acquire a court" record as local
undesirable. A band which furnished
music for the trial .drnmmedn him
out Of the county.
The bureau OF animal Industry,
United States Department OF AgrIcul-
ture. has fostered such educational
scrub-sire trials and on request fur
nishes an outline and guide for con-
Quoting them. In the outline the bu-
reau recommends that persons who
really desire TO defend the scrub sire
be given plenty OF time and opportu-
nifty to do so. This stimulates tho
attorney to his best ef-
forts and greatly Increases the educa-
tional value of the event.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18
Arthur D. HOwden Smith
Aafkov Of
Porto RELLo GOLD. Ess.
&c By Brsntano'Al
WNu Service

the Indians. So the fur trade will
come more and more into our hands. {"
Juggins leaned forward and tapped
me on the knee.
North America" he went on. "is
the richest land In all the world-how
rich It is or how vast no man knows
Twill require centuries to exploit II.
Since first we eOlonized there we have
,e0ntended with France. not only for
further power. but for the actual right
to breathe. Our two countries cannot
agree to divide this domain. limitiess
though It be. Sooner or later one must
oost the other.
THE fur trade Is the key to It all.
It Is 81. because neither the French
nor we are yet sufficiently powerful
to ignore the strength OF the Indian
tribes. The fur trade Is the source OF
the savages for securing trade goods.
They win be bound closest TO the coun-
try which gives them the best terms
II we can deprive the French OF the
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18

ability to buy their goods as cheaply
as we do. then we shall be able to
trade TO better advantage with the In
dams and so Increase their friendship
for us. At the same time the volume
of the provincial trade VIII be in
creased"
IL SEE. ! answered. .But you spoke
before Of a twofold object In depriving
the French Of the right to obtain trade
goods through New York;"
$50 did. and that brings me to
the enemy whom mentioned. Heard
you ever In Paris OF one Murray-An-
drew MurrayY,
shook my head
He hath connections with the
French, and. too. with the JacObites:
but they would be well covered. no
doubt Murray owns the Provincial
Fur company Of New York. which is
the largest OF all the trading agencies.
He hath set himself deliberately to
drive out OF existence all the indie
pendent traders and secure the entire
trade for himself The trade with the
French In Canada likewise is 10 his
hands.
Before the provincial government
passed the prohiblfive law OF which
spoke, he carried on this trade open
~, and the French traders, helped by
government subsidy. more often than
not undeFbld our traders-usIn9 Eng
fish goods. mind you. for the purpose.
And then the French traders would
sell their skins In the London market
at a lower price than our own traders
could affoEda 10 charge.
After the passage OF the law, In
spite Of efforts TO enforce II. Murray
contrived to build up elandestiHe
means of shipping goods to Canada.
and while the French are more pressed
for cheap trade goods than they were.
they are better OF than
they should be. and our traders are
put AT a disadvantage. Now the time |
for which the law was passed is ex-
pIred. and the provincial government
hath enacted Il again. Il comes up |
this afternoon before the lords com
nlssioners for trade and plantations,
when Murray will petition for It's re-
lection
''Bht surely he will lose"
JuRgins shook his head
Il fear not The best we can hope
or is compromise. -
yet you say he Is In alliance with
he French and the Jacobifesl"
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18

Sanity and Insanity Matter of Emotions

Where mental disorder becomes In
sanity 1t is difficult TO say, Physicians
today. do not like to use the word In
sanity. on account OF the difficulty Of
defining II. sanity IL a social concrpt.
A sane person is willing TO cooperate
with other people in the affairs Of
life, and has confidence In others In
varying degrees. as bis judgment
guides him. he has direction OF
movement and purpose which be Is
able 70 control
Insanity IL the reverse OF thiM Yet
Il Is easily seen from this defnItion
that perfectly sans person can BE-
violentiy Insane for q mAnuie. Eve mih
utea. on half an hour ~ the excess
o. hia em0tions be can be cln on for
the time belnR from rational iude1nenf
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18
POULTRY
FATS
BULLETS VERSUS
HENS FOR EGGS

It Is commonly believed that WELL
mutured puffets will produce more
eggs than hens a year older. How
much more has been studied by the
Maine department station. The results
OF this study add strength TO the en-
phasis on pulIets as egg producers.
The records covering several years
and a considerable number OF hocks
show that pullets produced about 40
per cent more eggs than they did In
their second year OF laying. Not only
was the production larger but the
greater per cent were laid during the
period OF high prices. That is, prop.
erly handled. matured puIlets will pro-
dHee more OF the eggs during the wins
ter months the first year than they
win the second year Of egg produc-
ton.
Another factor In favor OF keeping
as high a per cent as possible Of pull
let producers In the egg factory Is the
higher death rate that comes with
each added year Of age. Aside from
contagious Utot0N~c tAdA AAN Ag ~
spectors OF age. the deaths among ma
ture birds mount rapidly Hfter tina
first year; more rapidly among the
American breeds than the Medlter-
ranean. probably.
These three reasons should boost
close culling OF the farm flock during
the summer and fall. Keeping any
hen after the close Of the second lay
ing year Is generally poor policy I'M
less she Is OF proved value as a men,
Der OF the breeding pen.
Conditions on most farms favor the
disposal Of a high per cent OF the hens
In order to give the pullets adequate
room for development. More pullets /
and hens kept than the houses and
facilities warrant are ten times more
than small flock that the
housing and equipment justines.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18
Late Molters Best Layers

In cuIIing a flock. II Is irat necea.
sary that something be known about
the kind and regularity Of the feed.
the housing conditions and the care
the birds have received. II Is well
known that improper feed. housing or
care can easily throw flock into an
early mott. The time that a hen goes
through her mott will be q good lndi-
cation OF her ability as an egg pro-
Queer. Those that mott late In the
fall are usually the best layers
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18

OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES

OF anything or cooperation with any.
body. and from any sense Of ordered
direction OF his actions But sooner
or later his reason reasSerfs itself, and
IN repeated circumstances OF the same
sort is likely to be on It's guard In
sane people have periodic or perma-
nent Inability TO overcome their emo
fiona.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18
STORY FROM The srART

Harry ormerod. prescribed
traitor 20 the British crown IA
Stuart partisan. returning from
France TO London without
friends or prospects and In dan
ger OF apprehension and execu--
ton as a traitor. rescues Alder
man Robert JuRgins from a band
Of assassins. Juggins proves TO
-be-the grandson OF former
steward OF Ormerod's father. 70
whom Juggins feels himself In
debted Ormerod tells Juggins he
has abandoned the Stuart cause.
believing Il to be unworthy and
its real aim the ACKNOWLEDGMENT
of France az the expense OF Eng
Land
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1926-11-18

D5ssoNefyas .
splendid tonic and
blood medicine. Ny
son had a breaking
out on his face last
summer, / gave
him the Golden
Medical Discovery
and the sore has
disappeared I have
also KIN wn of
others who have
taken the 'Dwc0v-