davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
IMPRESSIVE RITES
AT OLD FIT. ELLIS

Continued from Page Nine)
conditions at the fort in early days.
Dean James L. Hamilton of Montana
State college, a we'll known authority
on Montana history, then delivered an
intensely interesting and informative
address of a historical nature. The
program was closed with the playing
of the "Star Spangled Banner
All Of the speakers praised the
work of the Daughters of the Amer
lean Revolution in carrying out one
of the primary objects of the organi-
zatiOn, the preserving of old land
marks and the placing of monuments,
and memorials upon spots of historic
interest. Due credit was also given
the Anaconda Copper Mining COM
pany, which has co-operated so heart
lily and effectively in this work.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03

large share Of the added burden.
Nationwide publicity in urging
for state and local governments the
same policy of financial retrenchment
as has been followed by the federal
government must take into consider
alton the difference between the two
catagories of expenditures. Analysis
reveals that most of the costs in
Cured by state and local govern
ments are for services to the COM
munity, such as schools, roads, play
grounds and charitable institutions;
while the positive services rendered
by the federal government account
for only about 20 per cent of total
expenditures, the balance being for
interest on the public debt and for
other postwar and military require
ments. The fact that since 1920 the
ordinary expenditures Of the national
government have been practically cut
in half may thus be attributed largely
to the cessation of war activities. No
such contributing circumstance exists,
OF course, in connection with state
and local finance.
At the same time, it should be
noted that considerable economies
have been effected by the federal
govrnment in directions not primar-
/ lily associated with war or postwar
activities, and that drastic reduction
in governmental costs, taxation and
Indebtedness is at ali times difficult
matter, and is to be effected only by
the efficient administration of a
well-conceived financial policy.
Granting then that no sucn specific
trend may be expected to take place
in state and local finance, surely we
may hope for a check to the rising
tide Of taxes and Indebtedness. De-
spite the marked decrease in federal
taxation, the percentage of national
income absorbed by all taxes rose
from 11.9 in 1919 to 1875 in 1924.
This means that, on the average, ev-
cry citizen must work one day out of
eight for the support of government
in it's various forms.
1t is the well-nigh unanimous judg-
ment of the business community that
we must beware of encroaching un-
duly upon the funds available for
private enterprise; in other words,
that purchasing power is, on the
whole, more productive in the field of
private enterprise than in the field
Of government endeavor. Moreover,
it is not the principle of taxation
which is involved in the case Of many
local governmental units, but the
maintenance of their financial in
tegrity.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
State and Local Taxation

AS President Coolidge recently
pointed out, the federal government
has reduced its annual expenditures
by more than two billion dollars dur
ing the last four years, according to
the current issue of the Guaranty
Survey, published by the Guaranty
Trust company Of New York, while
in the same period other government
tai costs have increased more than
four billion dollars. AS a result,
state and local expenditures, which
constituted only 40 per cent of ali
governmental costs in 1921, repre-
sented 73 per cent of the total in
1926.
The increase in state and local ex-
penditures, the Survey continues, has
been accompanied by an expansion
of Indebtedness as we'll as by tremen-
dOusly increased taxation. The huge
growth of Indebtedness carries with
it, Of course, a burden of taxation for
the future. The recent increase in
taxation, moreover, has been dis
tributed unequally among different
economic groups, those who can least
afford it bearing a disprOportionately
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
County Federation of Clubs.

County Federation of Clubs.
A large assemblage of members of
the Gallatin County Federation OF
Women's clubs, with guests from
distance enjoyed the hospitality ex-
tended by the o. D. o. club, the
Helpful Hour club and the Leverich
Woman's club, Wednesday, at Boze-
man Hot Springs.
The business session opened at
II o'clock, with Mrs. E. M. Wright
of Manhattan in her place as presi-
dent and Mrs. Frank Ham of Boze-
man filling her office Of secretary,
Miss Blanche Ferney of Belgrade
brought in her report as treasurer;
and Mrs. H. A. Boiinger brought
report from the health committee,
telling Of progress in securing the
services Of a county school nurse.
Committees were appointed for the
seasons service: Resolutions, Mrs.
w. S. Erwin, Mrs. c. E. Sine and
Mrs. A. c. Barnes; Place of meet
ing, Miss Ella Hall, Mrs. O. N. Ar
nett and Mrs. w. R. Coffing; Cour-
tesy, Mrs. ]. ]. ROmine, Mrs. B. B.
Law and Mrs. Robert Bryan.
A picnic luncheon was served in
the grove, by the hostess clubs, with
125 women and a number of children
seated about the long tables, where
beautiful garden flowers added charm
to the choice menu. The afternoon
program opened with cllrus singing,
led by Mrs. c. z. Sine with Mrs. B.
B. Law and Mrs. w. 3. Veach play
; ing the accompaniments. Walter
Mecklenburg then told Of the advan-
tages and the plans for the Gallatin
County fair, emphasizing its value in
community welfare in attractive
terms. Additional encouragement
for the county fair was spoken by
J Mrs. G. "A. Roosevelt, superintendent
for the needlecraft' section; by Mrs
A. De Frate Of the arts and crafts
department, and by Mrs. G. N. Ar
nett, chairman. Two piano solos
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
REAL ESTATE DEALS.

Bozeman real estate demand has
"perked up, judging from the mum
Der Of transfers made recently. They
include the ]. H. Hoist property, on
West College street, purchased by M.
M. McColloch and company; the
Frank Scott property, on East Story
street, bought by H. c. Fox of Glas-
gov; the Armstrong property, at 4O2
Grand avenue south, purchased by
Mrs. Ray Stock Of Three Forks; the
Alfred Pouilet house, on West Lam.
me street, bought by C. W. Logan
who previously had sold a house OF
Bozeman avenue north to Hugh Reed
and the Charles Fielder property OF
East Davis street, which was pur.
chased by Mrs. Alta Myers of Man
haitian.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
w. C. T. u. Election.

w. c. I. u. Election.
The Bozeman Woman's Christian
Temperance Union held it's annual
meeting, with election of officers,
Tuesday afternoon, at the home of
Mrs. G. N. Wood on South Third ave-
nue., with Mrs. Hobbs and Mrs. j.
n. Brown also hostesses. Mrs. Clara
Birch was in her place as president
and Mrs. F. w. Bull led the devotion
al. service, assisted by Mrs. Williams.
Temperance songs were sung in
chorus, with Mrs. Peets playing the
accompaniment.
Reports of the years work ac-
complished by the society were made
by Mrs. Beatty, secretary; by Mrs.
Bartholomew, treasurer; by Mrs.
Dawes of the committee OH llegisla-
ton; by Mrs. Wood for child welfare;
by Mrs. Beatty for the flower mis-
sion; by Mrs. Peets for evangelistic
work; by MRS. E. w. Thompson for
the medal contest; and by Mrs. Gil
christ for the committee on anti
narcotics. The treasurer reported
1876 members of the BOzeman w. G.
T. u. at the present time. Mrs.
Dawes told in stirring terms of the
state convention of the union, which
will be held on September IA, Is and
16, in this city, opening on Tuesday
evening, with banquet in the Pres
byterian church. Anna Gordon of
Chicago, world president of w. G.
7. u. will be guest of especial honor
at this banquet and Chancellor Bran
non will make an address.
Officers elected to serve the com
ing year were: Mrs. Clara Birch
president, unanimously reelected
Mrs. E. w. Thompson, vice president
at-large; Mrs. Willard Bell, recordin;
secretary-relieving Mrs. Ella Beatty
who asked the favor arter servin:
faithfully for the past five years
Mrs. Gilchrist, corresponding secre
, tary; and Mrs. Bartholomew, treas
urer. Vice presidents were appoint
ed by the president to represent tn
union. IN each Of the city churches
Mrs. J. B. Heron for the Baptist
Mrs. J. N. Brown for the Presbyter
ian; Mrs. Maehow for the Methodist
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
DEMOCRATS BUSY.

Democrats of Gallatin county pre-
pared plans for an energetic fall
campaign at a meeting held last
week in the offices of Paul j.
Davies. Mr.. Davies was elected
chairman of the Democratic county
committee, and John A. Lovelace was
elected state committeeman. A sec
retary for the county committee will
be chosen later.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
SOCIETY PERSONALS
!. !. . !. !. . . . . . . . . ).

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Lewis have
purchased the house ait 100 Grand
avenue, north, where they will re-
side.
Guests in the home of Mr.. and Mrs.
F. A. Maxwell are their daughter,
Miss Lora Maxwell from Flagstaff.
Arizona; their daughter, Mrs. c. G..
Backes from Salt Lake City, Utah;
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
DIVORCE DECREE.

Estelle Houghland was granted a
decree of divorce from Andrew
Houghland in district court August
25. The decree awards Mrs. Hough-
land custody of minor child, Irene
Houghland, and $40 a month for the
child's support.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
NEW CHEESE FACTORY.

HELENA.-A new cheese factory,
the fifth to be established in Mon
tana this year, is now under construc-
tion at .Absarokee, according to G. A.
Norris, chief of the dairy division,
state department of agriculture. The
new plant will be operated by the
Rosebud Valley Cheese company and
managed by H. l. Harris.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03

and their son, Frank Maxwell from
St. Petersburg, Florida. Miss LOra
Maxwell is direction of physical edu-
cation for women, at the Northern
Arizona Teachers college.
Mr.. and Mrs. Carl GOttschalk have
come from their home at Fargo, n.
D., to visit friends and relatives IN
the Gallatin valley. They are now
spending few days at Karst's
camp
DR.. and Mrs. c. F. Jump, accom-
panied by their daughter and by Mrs.
W. E. Joseph, left by automobile for
Carlisle, Penn. DR.. Jump will attend
an army school at that point and Mrs.
Joseph will visit Atlantic coast cities.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03

were played by Mrs. E. P. Ballan-
tyne and two dramatic readings were
rendered by Mrs. Fred BOylan, so
closing the thoroughly exhilirating
meeting.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03
&D.SOCIETY. .
Continued from Last Week)
Continued from Last Week.

Mrs. Hobbs for the Christian; Mrs.
Jensen, Hope Lutheran; Mrs. A. B.
Morgan, Christian Science; and Mrs.
Henry for the South Methodist.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03

1t is better to carry accident in
surance and not need it than to need
it once and not have it.
The Bozeman courier., 1926-09-03

Il 81 Il :: tt ;: 1: ;: 81 - y ;: u - -
es -
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
HOLDSUP
Cops CASE

Although Motorcycle Policeman
Edward Daniels was in Police
Court today to answer charges 81
speeding and disorderly conduct hIa
case was continued FOR the second
time until his lawyer. Bertrand
Emerson, n, returns to town.
Daniels is out on $40 bond.
Policemen Nicola and Montgoir
cry, Of precinct No. s, caught their
fellow officer speeding over Penn
syIvania Avenue Bridge Southeast.
wednesday. they charge in papers
sworn out BY them today. When
arrested. Daniels used abusive
language, 1t Ii further alleged
Lieut.. q. q. Davis, 0 the Fifth
precinct. has suspended the officer
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
'Meanest Thief Is
Given 70 Years
In Prison

NEW YORK, April 30
George j. Mccarthy, IS, was
called ''the meanest kind Of q
thief when he was sentenced
I'd 20 years in Sing Sing by
Judge James M. Barrett yes-
terday.
Mccarthy robbed haber-
dashery shop and beat Louis
BaIaban, the proprietor, with
d hammer.
The robber with q gun gives
: man q chance said the
judge. 'tbut the bandit with q
hammer strikes while his VIC
TINS back in turned.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
GUARD MAY Be
HOMELESS

The District National Guard will
be homeless next July unless Con-
gress passes joint resolution per-
hitting it to use the rotunda of
the Pension office for its drills and
other activities.
A final drive is being made by
the National Guard and its friends
to interest both the House and
Senate in the passage Of legisla-
tiOn which viii place vacated space
In this structure at its disposal.
The present building of the Guard
has been sold and must be vacated
by June 80. Gen. Anton stephan,
commanding the organization, has
tried in vain to obtain rental quar-
tiers in the city and is now faced
With complete dispossession for the
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
BOY SCOUTS ARE
|NSESS|ON

The Boy Scouts of America began
their 18th annual meeting today at
the New willard Hotel and were
greeted by Vice President Dawes,
Lieut.. Gen. Sir Robert Baden-P Powell,
chief scout OF the world. and L. A..
Snead, president Of the local council
of the B. S. A.
Today's session was largely taken
up with the reading Of reports con-
corning the Scouts activities.
The closing day. tomorrow, will
open with q camping session at 8
q. m, followed by the election Of
officers. President Coolidge win re-
ceive the Scouts at 1880 p. IN. aand
at o'clock Scout rally will be
staged on the Ellipse.
President Coolidge viii address the
Scouts at Memorial Continental Hall
tomorrow night.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
LIEUT. BYRD At
SPIT BERGEN
b international News Service

sPITzBERGEN, April go. Lieu.
tenant Byrd has arrived to make
preparations for q polar flight. add.
ing to the group under Captain
Amundsen and Lincoln Ellsworth.
already here completing arrange.
ments for their dirigible expedition.
Lieutenant Byrd reported an ex.
ceIlent trip across the Atlantic and
was confident would be able to hop
Off for the Pole SOON
There ID some conjecture an to
which expedition will get away
first. The odds are in favor Of this
Amundsen- Ellsworth expedition, 81.
though arrangements for the
Norge are not yet complete.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
VILLA IS SH D |
BY TROOPS
By In.ernatlonal News servles

MEXICO, April so. Hippolito
Villa, brother of the famous Pancho
and with something OF record Of
his own, has gone TO death before
firing squad in Durango.
HippOlito is reported to have
been charged with train robbery
of five years ago and to have been
convicted and sentenced to death.
During recent weeks there have
been charges that Hippolito was
plotting against the Gales govern.
rnent. seeking to bring together
the remnants OF the de la Huerta
and Villa factions.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
Ball Park Patrons
to Aid Child
Welfare

Patrons of the Washington
Ball Club will be given an OPP
portunity of assisting in child
welfare work in the District of
Columbia, starting May 2 at
which time carnations will be
sold within the park by the
members Of the Junior League
Of the Child Welfare Society.
President Clark Griffith, who
himself is intensely interested in
the welfare Of children, having
adopted seven of his own
nieces and nephews, has prom
Used the society every co-Opera-
ton within his park. Mrs.
Frank B. Noyes is president OF
the society.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30
THE PRESIDENTS
ENGAGEMENTS

els a. m.-Gen. Herbert NJ.
Lord, Director Of the Budget.
9:45 3. m.--SenatOr Fred
erick Hale, to present former
Governor Baxter Of Maine.
1000 q. m.--The Minister of
Norway, Hellmer III. Bryn, to
present Prof. }. r. Worm
Miller.
1915 a. m.-Representative
James s. Parker.
1880 q. m.-Cabinet.
1915 p. m.-Sir Robert
Baden-POweIl, respects.
400 p. m.-Washington Cor
respondents.
4:3O d. mat the White
House: The President and Mrs.
Coolidge will receive members
OF the American Law Institute.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30

Guard unless Congress comes to
the rescue.
The Fine Arts Commission has
Endorsed the proposal to house the
militia in the Pension Office until
a new building can be erected.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30

Fire Destroys Hotel
lMoNTAUR, n. Y, April s0.--
Fire destroyed the Montauk Hotel,
causing a damage Of 100000.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1926-04-30

Ship Model Brings $500
NEW YORK. April 3O.-A bone
model Of the British man o'war
Caledonia, was sold for $500 to 4
dealer In marine curiosities.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1926-01-08
Question of Nutrition Is
Big Factor in Breeding

: A noticeable fact with cattle has
been observed which leads many to
believe that the question of nutrition
plays much more of part with the
breeding ability of animals than Is
generally thought. Cattle that are
fitted for show and which are usually
fed for high condition are frequent
ly shy breeders and In many cases are
sterile. This can be accounted for
from the fact that these animals con-
sumo too large amounts of carbon
hydrates and fats and not enough
protein; In this manner their repro
ductfve organs become weakened and
are no longer able to function in q
normal manner. Men who have shown
cattle for number of years have ex-
perienced this difficulty very often;
this is one of the drawbacks In the
showing business If 1t is possible to
bring these animals to high condi-
ton and in so doing feed them greater
quantities of protein feeds and min
eral matter, it would, prevent much
of the breeding trouble in this class
of live stock.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1926-01-08
POULTRY HINTS

Oyster shell is good, but it won't
take the place of grit for hens.
The best hen Is the one that eats
the most and turns the food into the
form of eggs.
After three years old, turkey hens,
as rule, are improbable, but COB
Ter is good at five years of age.
Do not allow the litter in the poul-
try house to become wet and filthy be-
fore changing. 1t pays to keep it clean
and dry.
More attention to body weight than
amount of grain given in the ration is
receiving emphasis as control of
winter egg production.
A wry tail is one that Is twisted to
one side through some deformity. A
squirrel tall Is one that is thrown
forward toward the neck at an angle
similar to that of squirrels.
More turkey losses are due to breed
ing from immature stock than TO any
other cause. including the blackhead
scourge.
A vigorous gobbler will ,fertilize all
the eggs the hen lays In a season.
Hence, gobbler will suffice for from
fifteen to twenty hens.
Notice the Gambler has places for
the good eggs as well as for checks
(cracked eggs), dirty eggs, and riots"
When selling eggs insist that they be
bought on quality basis.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1926-01-08

order that they may get on better
They are far more likely to blame the
environment than themselves for their
misfortunes, as the pine tree might
have complained of the wind that tore
its branches, and fought to wrench it
from its hold upon the mountain. Such
people seldom think of yielding to the
wind, of. making themselves happy and
comfortable in situation to which
they are at first unused They perish
as the pine tree did that refused to
adapt itself to an untoward situation.
/ suppose the Gatlins went home
and complained of the people who
went to church early, and so robbed
them of their accustomed seat, or of
the usher who was so stupid as not to
hold their places for them. If athey
had only thought so, they might hayp
fiourished quite as happily in the nor
surroundings.
20. 1926. Western Newspaper Union.)
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1926-01-08
ADAPTATION
By THOMAS ARKLE CLARK


THE Gatlins had always sat In the
L same seat every Sunday they were
in church since the building was erect
ed. They had come to feel at home
there and to settle down comfortably
into their pew and listen to the SER
mon or go to sleep as the spirit or
the bad air moved them. Last Sunday
they came in a little late and found
their accustomed place occupied. The
usher led them down in front and put
them into pew to which they were
not accustomed. They tried not to
mind; they squirmed about for
while, and then, just as we rose for
the second hymn, they stole out, un-
able to adapt themselves happily to.
the new situation.
Adaptation is a lesson which every
thing In nature, human or otherwise,
must learn If it is to persist or be
happy.
We were climbing up to the top of
Hallett last summer. AS we went on
and on up the winding path to the
summit the vegetation gradually
changed. The pine trees grew more
scattered and more stunted. They
chung more closely to the protecting
lodges, and became more gnarled and
misshapen. They leaned away from
the fierce winds, so that they might
more readily protect themselves, until,
when we got to the border of timber
line, they were lying PROSTATE upon
the ground, SO that the storm and
the cruel winds swept over them quite
harmlessly..
Through centuries of conflict and re-
sistance to the elements the trees had
learned an adaptation to their envi-
ronment which had entirely changed
their form and their method of life.
Had they not done. so they would have
persisted. Through a proper adapta-
ton of their habits. to the unfavorable
environment In which they found
themselves, they had lived, and. it
could almost be said, had f1ourished
We see everywhere about US people
out of adjustment with their environ
ment. misfits who are unhappy and
unwilling to change their habits of
life, or to yield their preferences In
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1926-01-08
! I'VE
STOCK
SOW WILL REQUIRE /.
PROPER ATTENTION

The care the sow receives at far
rowing time has a great deal to do
with the number of pigs raised. the
experience Of numerous swine raisers
has shown. This care consists of
cleanliness and proper feeding adj
vises w. G. Skelley, assistant pro-
fessor of animal husbandry at the
New Jersey State College of Agricul-
ture, New Brunswick.
A good plan to follow is to scrub
thoroughly with boiling water and lye
the pen or colony house In which the
SOW Is to farrow. This simple pre-
caution Is an effective way to make
the place clean and sanitary.
a few days before the sow is due
to farrow remove her from the herd
and wash her udder with soap and
warm water. This precaution helps
to check intestinal worms in the small
pigs. After the SOW has been cleaned
place her in the narrowing quarters.
Opportunity for some exercise
should be given the sow; otherwise
she will have a tendency to become
constipated. and IT will also be diff
cult to keep her pen in a dry sanitary
condition.
The sow's feed just before farrow-
Ing should be made more laxative
and the quantity reduced. A good
rule to follow is to cut her grain
ration in half and add small amount
OF wheat bran or linseed oil meal
This will keep her bowels loose and
she will recover from narrowing more
promptly by having her digestive sys-
tenn well cleaned After narrowing,
the sow is in feverish state for sew
eral days, and should be offered no
food for practically twenty-four hours.
She should be given plenty of fresh
water. Special care should be exer-
cised in feeding the sow the first
week in order to insure a proper
milk flow. The same kind of laxa-
tive ration should be used after far
rowing as has just been recommended
for giving Immediately before farrow-
ing. Starting on the second day, give
her very thin slop aud gradually
increase this day by day until by
about the tenth day she will be back
on full feed.