davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
THE FRENco-RoUMANIAN
TREATY.

THE failure Of France to make very
much Roadway against England
in the control Of Greece has been
slightly compensated for by the con-
clusion Of the Franco-Roumanian
treaty. The treaty guarantees the
territorial status quo Of Roumania.
which Is a reanrmation by France OF
Roumania's right TO the contested ter
ritory Of sorely oppressed Bessarabia,
taken from Russia in 1918.
An editorial IN the Moscow lives
tia" considers the treaty as clearly
.unfriendly act towards the Union OF
Socialist Soviet Republics and de-
clares that such actions. BY France
continue TO diminish the possibilities
LOT cooperation between the two ma
lions The editorial demands an ex-
PLANTATION from France concerning the
treaty since silence from Paris viii
only confirm the opinions which al.
ready exist in Russia as to the inter /,
lions Of the Polncare.Briand gov.
ment against the Soviet Union
MAX sHAcHTM
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08

Mediterranean will not be conclus-
lively settled in the proposed confer
ence between the signatories to the
Algeciras Pact of 1906.
1t is not for nothing that in the re-
cent secret maneuvers of the French
army the uniforms of the Republic
faced more in the direction of the
Alps than towards the Rhine.
The rivalry between England and
France for continental hegemony, the
complication of Italy's decisive and
noisy entry into the Balkan situation,
and the challenging development of
Germany's imperialist appetite are
additional dishes in the European
feast of Mars.
a The general struggle OF colonial
" peoples against imperialism has
been strengthened since the happy
day of Locarno. Revolutionary troops
already control the decisive sections
of China, all the mercenary generals,
foreign battleships, troops and diplo-
matte notes to the country notwith-
standing. And the spirit OF the times
is reflected in the growing tendency
towards differentiation between the
militant and the subservient elements
in the Philippine independence move
ment.
Neither in India nor Egypt can
England find any comfort in the de-
velopment Of the liberation movement.
The electoral victory of Zaghlul Pasha
the leader of the nationalists in Egypt
is being followed by rumblings in Alb.
yssinia. The Angla-Italian treaty
brazenly divided the Ethiopian country
so that a railway line is permitted for
Italy thru Abyssinia to connect its two
colonies on the eastern coast of At
RIGA, Eritrea and italian Somaliland,
while England is accorded the right to
to use Abyssinian waters for its SUI
danese plantations. The protests Of
the Abyssinian. delegation to the
league Of nations sessions in Geneva
were hardly listened to.
THE sessions at Geneva failed 10
4 solve any OF the contradictions of
European Imperialism: they we're
merely confronted with their intensi.
acation and strived with great des.
peration and equal ineffeotiveness to
liquidate them.
II anything concrete can be said to
have come out of Geneva st was the
determination to crush the Soviet I'm.
ion. TIA increase s.ssnsusass and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
Weekly international Review

with it the knowledge of the reestab-
lishment Of an old rival, for whose
elimination from the world market
England went to war. England is con-
Ironted not only with a growing
French industry, but also with a grow
ing German export balance. and. es-
sentially, the reconsideration OF the
colonial ambitions of reborn Ger
man imperialism.
9 Not even the most desperate At.
tempts have succeeded in alleyi-
ating to an appreciable extent either
the internal economic and political
crises OF the chief powers or Of
smoothing out the points of imper-
ialist conflict. England is going thru,
an economic crisis which was fntensi.
fed by the general and miners strike
Germany is undergoing a rational
izaton of industry" period with al
most hah. Of its working class either
unemployed or working part time
Checko-Sloyakia and Italy are being
put thru the rigors of defation by
decree, with attendant economic con.
vulsions. Belgium is between the
devil of Dawesation and the deem blue
sea OF German financial aid as com.
pensation for the return Of Eupen and
Malmedy. Industrial districts annexed
Dy Belgium via the Versailles treaty.
THE specter or the loss Of control of
the Mediterranean conjured hp by
they Italian-inspired demand OF Spain
for Tangiers haunts not only England
put also France. For England, hos
tile control OF the strategically vitality
important Tangiers with a hinterland
or French and Spanish colonial re.
serVes--a far superior base In the
mediterranean than Gibraltar, Malta
or Cyprus--means the endangerIng OF
her economic'route to Egypt and In
ola and the navalmilitary route to
these countries which Is an essential
prerequisite to political hegemouy.
FOR France, control, or even corsId.
cradle influence in the Mediterranean
Dy italy Is q menace not only To her
economic field in Northern Africa:
II Is potential barrier to tremen-
dous reserve OF military man power
.tnere were 100000 North-Africans in
the French army during the world
war and they now compose one-fourth
OF ner army which is especially vital
70 France with her numerically stag,
nant population. And the problem OF
Iansiers De ef the control OF Me
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
FRENCH FORD"
ECHOES IDEAS
OF U. S. HENRY
Talks Just Like Our Own
Slave Driver

PARIS, oct. GA similar phIlan-
thropist with a greatly intensified sys-
tenn Of exploitation q la Ford is the
owner Of the greatest French auto
mobile factory, who Is known as the
French Ford; Citroen-Paris.
Two years ago the Citroen plant
was recognized completely on the
Ford model Labor is carried on
mostly on moving tables. Concerning
the great advantage OF continuous
work Mr.. Citroen writes:
THE machines must all be so
arranged that they lie one behind
the other and form continuous
chain similar to the chain Of
buckets used In putting out fire.
The people employed in this chain
are mechanically compelled to per-
form all the operations with cor
responding speed, 1t is to be
noticed very frequently that when
the speed Of operations increases in
one place then there is a speeding
up of all the rest OF the opera
TONS
Same as at Ford's.
Several examples to show the meth
DDS Of Citroen's system:
1.-THE toilets must be very near to
the workshop IN which the work Is
being done so that the workers are
not compelled to be absent long
time and to run around in the fac
tory yard in order to get to the
toilet and thus lose time"
And what doesn't the benevolent
boss do for his dear workers:
THE workers must have the op-
portunity IN summer to refresh
themselves without trouble. There
fore there must be set up in the
workshops little water-fountains
(naturally again for the sake of
saving timely with continually run
ming fresh water"
In another place he explains:
ut must be made easy for the
worker to receive his pay SO that
no unnecessary time is lost at pay
time"
Is there any wonder the gentIeran
is called the Ford" of France?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
WHY M. NINcHlTcH PRESIDED
AT GENEVA.

THRU the efforts of BRAND, M. Mn.
= Glitch was elected to preside al
the sessions of the league Of nations
Ninchitch, who in his closing remarks
at the sessions made glowing prophe.
cies of the future world-embracIne
nature Of the league, has been hav.
Ing a bad time of it in Jugoslavia. A
few months ago he declared himself
ready to negotiate a new treaty with
Italy which would enlarge upon the
one signed in 1928 and which expires
in July 1927. So he proceeded to
Rome.
Before signing the treaty. he thot
of apprsing BRAND Of his intentions
With the Italian minister to Belgrade
Ninchitch went to Paris where BRAND
proposed a tripartite treaty between
France, Italy and Jugoslavia. To this
proposal Mussolini turned a deaf ear
for his object was an Italo-Jugoslay
rapproachement against France.
pRIAND consoled Ninchitch with
- the promise OF q treaty between
Jugoslavia and France and the Siber.
ian returned to Belgrade in triumph.
announcing that this treaty would be
concluded in few weeks. Mussolini.
in rage, declared that such pact
would be considered an act OF hos.
tility against italy, and, after a visit
OF M. Barthou to Rome. BRAND thot
better OF 1t and decided that now was
not yet the time for a Franco-Jugo.
slav treaty.
Poor M. Ninchitch was then left
with empty hands, having concluded a
treaty neither with Italy nor with
France His prestige at home was
struck sad blow.
The resourcefu Briand, to enhance
the prestige of his friend In. Jugo.
slavia, and to boost the stock OF
France there. therefore secured the
election OF Ninchitch TO the presl.
dency OF the league componsating ie
that manner for the treaty Ehioh he
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
is THE soclAL-DEMocRAcY
CAPTURING THE LEAGUE?

Gar OhlNG THE LEAGUE2
T Asst July, the administrative coun-
- ell OF the French socialist party,
after weighing the advantages and
disadvantages presented by "the pres
ence at the league of nations Of
delegate credentiaied by bourgeois
government instructed its represen-
tatives to the executive committee
Of the Second International to oppose
participation Of this kind The meet
ing of the executive committee in Zu-
rich, before the converting OF the
lleague, cautiously put the question Of
the permissibility of a social demo-
crat serving his bourgeois govern
ment in the league at the discretion
Iof the individual parties.
Quite undaunted by the decision of
his party, Pierre Renaudel, the leader
Of the right wing Of the French social.
ists and the author of the congenial
expression that POLAND (Pilsudski'sl)
is the guardian Of civilization against
Soviet barbarism" presented himself
at Geneva as one Of the French dele.
gates representing the government OF
NJ. Poincare, the tool OF Izvolsky,
Sazonov and the other diplomatic
gentry of Russian czarism.
A ND he was not alonel With him
lain the assembly Of bandits was
the representative of the government
Of Herr Won Hindenburg, the social.
democrat Rudolf Breitscheid, who, as
member Of the once powerful hide.
pendent Social Democratic party OF
Germany GU. S. p. d. and editor of
theoretical organ der Socialist once
subscribed 70 platform calling for
"the dictatorship of the proletariat,
the representative OF the great major
lty OF the people as a necessary pre-
condition for the realization Of So
ciallsm."
With them came their companion
In arms from Belgium, Messrs. de
Brouckere and vandervelde, who rep
resented with the same equanimlty
and graceful gestures the government
OF the millionaire banker tranquil
this year. as they did the government
of the\ Catholic, pouilet, last year
And bringing up the tail end Of the
socialdemocratic frsatioa N the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
Aso.EL kRIm's SUCCESSOR.

A CCoRDING to reports from Fee,
"A number OF the still rebellious
Riff tribesmen have chosen new
leader to direct their struggle against
French and Spanish Imperialism. fol-
lowing upon the shameful capitulation
of Abd-el Krim. The new Riffian war
chief, Caid III Hadi Ali has already
taken steps against the French by d.
recting his forces against French OPP
erations near Tagni. The sparks
which inhamed northwest Africa do
not seem to have been completely ex-
tinguished. The sharpening Of the
antagonism between France and
Spain, who suppressed the Moroccan
rebellion jointly, boaes well for the
continuation OF the struggle at this.
time.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
BY MAX sEpAcHr.


THE economic system of Henry
4 Ford has become in Germany much
more than merely an excellent meth
cd to make money, In Germany,
Ford is being taken more seriously
than in America. "FOrdism" there
has become what Ford wants It to
bel a "Weltansohauuna."
What is Ford's fundamental ideai
Ford is capitalist. For him the
capitalist system is the last and final
word In social development. The
problem, as he sees 1t, Is mott what
better form of society will replace
capitalism. Oh, mol There can be
none betteri But It is possible. &C
cording to Ford, to improve capital.
ism
The improvement has two general
objects. First: To increase the posi-
bil1ties for making profit, and, second;
To lessen the possibilities Of dissatis.
faction and thus of rebellion by the
workers.
All of Ford's measures must be
considered IN the light Of these two
detectives, And It Is Just in the light
Of these two detectives that Fordasm
attains special significance in Ger
many. But It is also a Germany in
which the inner contradiction of
Ford's detectives is clearly brought
to light
Preparations Burden.
THE reparattons have put tremen-
L dous burden upon German econo-
my. The German capitalists were
never even for one moment in doubt
about whether they themselves
should shoulder part Of that burden.
Just for lost war a capitalist class
does not violate the ten command
ments Of capitalism: Thou shalt make
proft-more and more and still more
profit. The German capitalists, like
those everywhere, had up to that time
pocketed the difference between the
total value of production on one
hand, and, roughly, the cost Of sub
sistence, existence, and reproduction
Of the working class on the other.
With the reparation burden, the ques-
ton arose naturally whether part Of
this difference should go for repara.
ton. II so, that part would be lost
for the capitalists and the profits
would thus be diminished. We have
already stated that such a solution
did not even for a moment receive
consideration.
The capitalists declared that not
only their profits are inviolate, but
also the chance to expand them. The
payment of reparations finally re-
solved itself into the problem Of In
creasing the difference between the
cost-of subsistence, existence and re-
production Of the working class. and
the value of the total OF production.
There was only one method for that.
and this method reduced itself to the
command to the workers: You must
eat less and work morel And, as far
as the German capitalists are con-
cerned, here enters Henry Ford.
Symbolic Ford.
ENoR the capitalists Of Germany.
= Ford represents the principle of
systematization of production. In
their eyes, Fordism is symbolized in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08

To put It concretely; Ford says;
How can I expect to sell autos to my
workers II do not pay them sufficient
wages to enable them to buy autos?
In order to be able to pay such
wages I must organize their work so
that get the last ounce OF energy
out OF them. Instead of having them
make me one auto within certain
time they must be made to produce
two and one half of them. And the
result2 Formerly, the worker pro
duced one auto which he could not
buy. Now he produces two and
half autos, one of which he can man
age to buy.
Workers Learning.
Nov the problem is not the auto
: the worker does buy. That was
never the problem. The problem is
the one and half he cannot buy.
Taking the auto as symbol of any
product, we see in this one and a half
auto the problem of capitalism. Ford
uoes noI ana cannot solve the prob
lem. He merely increased it by one
half. He increased it just like cap
italism itself increases its own pro-
blems with its further development.
Any solution of the problems Of cap
italism by capitalism itself turns the
solution into new and more serious
and more difficult problem.
And the way out of it all? This
way out is provided only by the aboli-
ton of capitalism. Karl Marx and
not Henry Ford points the way. Not
profitable reforms la Ford Dut rev.
dictionary struggles a la Marx must
bring the final solution.
The German proletariat is learning
the truth of this more rapidly than
the German capitalists and the social.
democrats like.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
Soviet Labor Unions
Ask British to Join
Protest Over China

MOSCOW, Sept. 1T.-(By Mail y
The Central Council of Soviet Labor
Unions has directed a telegram to the
general council of the British Trades
Union Congress expressing its indig-
nation at the brutal bombardment of
the unprotected Chinese town Wan
hsien by British imperialists and ex-
presses the hope that the British
trades unions will join with the un-
ions of the o. s. S. R. in this protest
against the brutal violence accorded
to the Chinese people
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
india PROTESTS
BRITISH WAR ON
CHINESE NATION
Asks British Labor to
Oppose Imperialism

LONDON, Oct. GA strong declar-
alton Of the Indian nationalist move
ment toward the evident intention Of
Great Britain to intervene with armed
force in China to crush the national
liberation movement, has been sent
to the London Herald by Pundit Mo
tilal Nehru, leader of the swarajist
party.
amy use of Indian resources
against the Chinese nationalists in
the threatened war" he says, will
be strongly deprecated by the Swara-
jist party and deeply resented by the
Indian people.
Attempts to advance British i'm
perialist interests by depriving the
eastern nations of their freedom will
destroy all faith in Great Britain.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08

league came Comrade linden repre-
senting reaction in Sweden.
oul vivra, Verral The time is
surely not far distant when the pro
letarian and legal talents of Comrades
Morris Hillquit and b. Charney Via
deck will be displayed at the interna-
tional thieves den. where they shall
be able to argue eloquently for a
share Of the spoils for their own gov
eminent.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08

The period which elapsed since
the signing Of the Loearno pact up
to the time Of the Geneva meeting
Of the league Of nations has not
seen the liquidation Of any one of
the four war fronts Of International
capitalism. The spirit Of sweet
ness and peace which was to be
generated out Of Locarno has not
naterIaIized. Instead, the contra
dIctlons and conflicts have been con-
siderabIy sharpened;
l. No considerable progress has
Il been made in the organization of
a successful European imperialist
debtor" bloc against American finan-
cial penetration, the formal origin of
which was Locarno. Not only is the
United States fighting every inch of
the way in Europe, holding its own to
a large extent and even extending
it's front, but retaliations have already
begun In a very definite manner. Bra
Sil. Argentina, Peru, Bolivia and a
number of other Monroe Doctrine"
countries in Latin America were con-
spicuously absent from the sessions
OF the league. An obvious move is be-
ing made by the United States in the
threat to withdraw its application to
enter the world court. And the bloc
itself shows only the most superficial
cohesion and stability in the face Of
the ever more irritating friction be-
tween the European nations them
selves.
9, The Same holds true for I he
10 other aim OF the bloc: a solid
European imperdalist front against
the Union of Socialist Soviet Repub-
Hos. The successful absorption Of
Germany into the bloc by the vote
for q permanent seat in the council
ofsthe league (this time without the
menace Of a negative vote from the
vassal small powers like Poland, for
whom the ingenious Cecil-Fromageot
formula Of a semi-permanent seat
proved sufficiently which saved Ger
man from an Eastern orientation"
de, towards cooperation with Rus
sia) was negatived to degree by the
withdrawal OF Spain from the league,
with all that this detection implies;
tho sharpening OF the struggle for the
control Of the Mediterranean.
-
In the role OF Metternich over this
new holy alliance against the prole-
tartan revolution, had the meager sat
isfaction Of realizing that the inclus-
ion q Germany into tho, respectable
cdpois@ ~ he entirScvist bloc carried
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
Fordism Descends On Germany

the continuous chain production
which permits speed-up to the ut
most limits of human endurance,
But Ford is not mercy a blind pro-
flt-maker, He is also a devoted ad-
herent of the capitalist system. He
wishes not only to make as much
money as possible while It lasts, but
he. also desires to perpetuate the cap
italist system. His arguments are
very simple. He says;
First; No matter how we speed up
production, we could not profit from
it without a parallel increase in
wages for the worker. Why? Be
cause the workers cannot only be
producers in the economic system,
providing us with products, but they
must also become consumers, buying
the products from us.
Second: Speed-up has Limitation,
that OF human endurance. We must
respect this limitation and provide
sufficient leisure for the workers to
enable them to reouperate from
exertions, Without a chance to re-
generate spent energy the worker be-
comes useless.
Third: While thus high wages and
short hours are really matter of i'm
perative necessity for the very appii-
cation Of my system Of speedy chain
production, these concessions" create
with the workers the illusion. of bene-
violent capitalism and thus protect
capitalism from proletarian rebellions
by way of prevention.
Soclal-Demoerats Enter.
A ND here is where the social-demo-
\ Gratis enter. Say the social
democrats: Short hours is one of our
demands, decent wages the workers
must have. Why abolish capitalism
70 get these things If capitalism it.
self as interpreted and organized by
Ford is providing them? Why follow
Marx on the road to- a revolutionary
overthrow Of capitalism if we can
have Ford peacefully reforming cap
italism? To hell with Karl Marx!
lJoJ US nave henry FORD!
Here we run into all the contra
dictions of Fordism. German capital
lists hail Ford because he provides
methods of increasing production.
But in the realization Of their com
mand to the workers Of Work more"
they do not forget their order to them
of Eat less" Therefore, they ac-
cept only one side of Fordism, but
not the other of short hours and
comparatively decent wages.
The social-democrats, on the other
hand, see oficially only the short
hours Of Ford and cover his speed-up
and intensive exploitation with a
mantle of christian brotherly love.
Theory a FalIscy.
A ND all three Of them, Henry
"A Ford. German capitalists and
social-democrats, are blind to the
utter fallacy Of the Ford theory as a
savior of society. Ford does provide
his workers just as little with means
to buy back 1909 of their products
or the equivalent of them as any
other capitalist. His positive wage is
perhaps higher. But the relative
share of the Ford worker on his pro-
duct is lower. The increased wage
Of the Ford worker does not make up
for the increased productivity Of his
labor.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08

military maneuVers of the British tool
and arch-enemy of Russia, Pilsudski,
on the eastern front and in the Baltic
sea and the provocaterish action of
Chang-Tso-Lin against Russia in his
attacks on the Chinese Eastern rail-
way occurred simultaneously with the
sessions at Geneva. They are har-
bingers of storm.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
France May Ratify
Debt Pacts, But to
Add Reservation

PARIS, Oct. 5-Henry Simon, presi-
dent of the finance commission Of the
chamber Of deputies. today told the
commission that the government
probably would ask ratification of the
London and Washington debt agree
ments. with reservations" before
the end Of the year. M, Simon's an
was made directly after a
with Premier Poincare.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-10-08
CHINESE WORKERS ORGANIZE IN
WAKE OF CANTON ARMY ADVANCE:
HANKOW WELCOMES THE TROOPS

HhoW China Sept II (By Mai-The
OF the Canton troops which Hanow has commenced M
WORK Inc Canton government possibility of moving
ankow Ihrwo working in Haukow have @
up tne work again Leaflets
lectures held everywhere the proletar upon e
Oh the Kuomnng and the northern expedition