Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-07-23
WRACKED EUROPE
NEEDS FASCISM,
SAYS MUSS0LINI
Continued from First Pagel

0Onunued from clrSL IasoL
and English, all of which he spoke
with marked huency.
| When he began to speak or the
present European situation, however,
| a transformation came. He strained
| forward in his high.backed chair be
| hind a massive table, his eyes blazing
with fer-vor and his right hand pune
| tuating with sharp gestures his snort
4 inciSdve sentences.
| Asked whether he considered FaS-
| cts1n a pioneer movement which
might be copied by other nations as
a solution of their difficulties, he gave
an eloquent outline of the philosophy
of the movement which he IS leadlng.
1 italy, he said, iS creating "a new
| TYNE of state" Among striking sen
fences in his exposition were the Iol'
| lowing: -.
cooperation or poverty Is more ae'
curate now"
Calls Italy Modern State.
"Fascism replaces international
| sovereignty by state sovereignty, the
| nation for the Individual"
Even the most ardent defenders
| of the liberal-democrattc movement
| cannot be so blind as mot TO see It's
decay"
Fascism, he thinks, has given an
example to the world by solving Two
of the major governmental problems
! of the modern world, namely. the res
| toration of the authority OF the state
and the elimination of Internal social
struggles, notably the class war.
Precisely because Italy is the last
Of the great powers to arrive at ma
tur1ty." he said, "she is the nrst TO
| build a truly modern state. AS no
nation escaped the effects OF the
French revolution, none can TAN 10
be influenced by our reWaking.
liberalism as a theory Oh sc
mocracy and as a method OF govern
ment. was based upon certain more or
less transitory social, psychological
and economic conditions which nave
changed or disappeared, leaving no
justification for the immortal prin-
ciples of the French revolution.
Faces Problems Now.
'.Fascisn. on the other hand, Ia hew-
ipnr close 70 the line of the inexorabie
novement of history and is building
: for the future as well az the present:
Even the most ardent defenders OF
the LIBERAL Democratic movement can
not be so blind as not to see It's decay.
Italy, alone among the great ma
tions of Europe, is not torn by waste
full and dangerous political crises or
ruinous strikes and loclouts. White
other nations are trying to struggle
along with a type of stataI organiza-
ton obviously united to present
conditions-mending and patching as
they Cove are marching unfalter-
ingly toward a glorious future.
1.-THE most significant fact is that
our success is positive. We are not
leaving problems for tomorrow, put
are facing and solving them TO-DAY.
We have learned how to insure the
participation Of all types and classes
Of citizens and how to keep their con-
fidence, respect and obedience, which
are the corner stones of a successful
state.
State Is Held First.
"Our most important innovations
have been in our conception OF the
function of the state and OF the In
CORPORATION within the state OF all
forces Of production. The doctrine or
popular sovereignty. with its corollary
of individual superiority over the
state, had to be superseded because 1t
was false, but, more Importantly be-
world like ours OF close social and
economic independence, in which the
individual virtually is lost outside OF
the group. Liberty or death was a
fine phrase, but cooperation or power
ty Is more accurate now.
Under the old system individuals
were able to render the state i'm
potent by refusal to cooperate. HaV-
ing postulated the inherent right to
liberty of the individual. the state
no longer had the authority neces-
sary for control. Facism rejects the
idea that the nation is an accidental
and temporary grouping of tndivid-
uals and affirms that it is living,
organic entity, continued from gen
Grafton to generation with tangible,
physical, moral, spiritual and cultural
patrimony.
mo single generation, no group OF
citizens and still less no single cttt-
zen has the right to initiate against
the nation. The state is the guardian
and controlling agent of the nation.
1t cannot be at the mercy and whimS
of politicians, fiuctuating from year
to year in accordance with the moods
OF a few men who happen, through
the vicissitudes of universal suffrage.
to be invested with authority.
"Fascism replaces individual SOW
erignty by state sovereignty, the ma
ton for the individual. BY maintain
ing it's authority, 1t protects the ma
ton, affording liberty as a concession
to individuals so long as they act In
harmony with the interest Of the
state. Even more important is our
destruction of class self-defense. I'm
til the advent of fascism it was as
sumed that the organization of the
economic life of the nation lay out
side the province of the state. 1t was
an erroneous idea arising from the
circumstance that the present type
of Industrial development grew up
after the functions of the Liberal
Democratic state, had been defined.
"Ours-a new type of state-is the
first to repair their blunder. We have
solved the problem for ourselves and
perhaps for the world by incorporat-
ing into the state all forces OF pro-
duction. The class war is finished
A labor strike is no more excusable
than instruction. Labor and capital
have equal rights and duties and
their offenses are punished. Labor
organization-in fact, all organiza-
tions of public character affecting
the interests Of the nation-can exist
only in so far as they are inserted d.
rectly or indirectly into the tissue of
the state. The abSurdity of permit
ting the constant threat of economic