Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-03-02

the Jews with tolerance in spite OF
her stipulation with the powers when
she was recognized. No such stipu-
lation was required when Italy be-
came a united kingdom, nor when
the German states formed the en-
pire. 1t was not supposed to be nee
essary.
When European boundaries were
readjusted at the close Of the World
War the international statesmen
had in lively thought the need of
protecting minorities, both racial and
religious. While no restrictions
were made to limit the nationalist
ton of minorities taken into other
jurisdictions than their former con-
hections-as Alsace Lorraine from
Germany to France and the South
fTyrol from Austria to Italy-there
we're specific safeguards of justice
provided. Even plebisCites were in
| ,dequate to separate conflicting ma
| tOnalities. such as the Germans and
| loles in Posen and west Prussia, the
loles and Ruthenians in Galacia. the
/ Tagyars and Rumanians in Tran
! Slvania and the Rumanians and
| Sarbs in the Banat. There were other
| smaller minorities of certain races
attached to enemy countries"
The peace conference of Versailles
Undertook the protection of minori-
tbs, by special articles in all treaties
cGering Poland, Czechoslovakia.
! Serbia, Rumania. Greece, Armenia
| "A stria Bulgaria and Hungary.
is an indication Of the spirit of
thse provisions for protecting minori-
| tie. the treaty with Poland by the
allies and associates may be typical.
4rticle S provided:
Polish nationals who belong 10
radal, religious or linguistic minori-
tie. shall enjoy the same treatment
an, security in law and in fact as
the other Polish nationals. In
particular they shall have an equal
right to establish. manage and control.
at their own expense. charitable,
religious and social institutions and
othe educational establishments, with
the right to use their own language
and to exercise their religion freely
therin."
Ere speech. free press and freedom
of rligion We're thus specifically as
suret
In the case Of Rumania, special
Oppoition was made to Jewish
equality. hut it was finally agreed:
"Rmania undertakes TO recognize
as Rlmanian nationals. and without
the requirement of any formally
Jews inha biting any Rumanian terri
tory who do not possess another
nationally"
Todty's news regarding persecution
Of Prdestants in Rumania brings the
first iItimation that the protection OF
Jews. rs provided, does not extend TO
Christians unless they are Catholic.
The enforcement of the minority
clauses is left entirely to the League
of Ma ions, whose council Is "em-
powered to take such steps as NAV
appear necessary in the event of it's
attention being called by one of its
membe's to any infraction, or danger
of infrsction. of those obligations"
At the third meeting of the council.
in 1928 this was the principal ques-
ton under discussion and specific,
steps we're agreed upon for meeting
such cafes.
The complaint is first to he taken I'D
by the PRESIDENT and two members OF
the council, to decide whether II
should b. laid before the entire coun.
Gil. If there is a difference Of opinion
in the council that difference will be
referred to the Permanent Court of
AAtCA AiS1lPiltli NnOcSO QSClS1ON
will be final.
X
As Mexico is not a member of the
League Of Nations. there will be no
action by the league nor by its Per
manent Court of International Justice
In regard to the expulsion Of the
priests There IS said to be greater
possibility of league inquiry regarding
the action Of Italy and Rumania as to
Protestant churches, though no for.
NAL complaint has yet been register
ed. It is reported that Germany and
Austria are protesting with vigor
against the spirit of intolerance
which characterizes the present Ital-
ian government toward the racial mi
nority in the south Tyrol"
Since November. 1921, nine specific
complaints in behalf of minorities
have already been lodged with the
League Council. but no action has
resulted. The first came from Ger
mans in Poland: the others, Jews in
Hungary. Moslems in Albania and
Poles in Lithuania. All cases are still
pending except three, in which the
verdicts were, ''No action recon-
mended."
(copyrisht 1895. by Paul Y. ColliuAa