davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
BY R. PAINE DUTT,

LONDON, May 10, 1926. (By Mail.)
The general strike has been called
off; but nothing has been settled.
This capitulation represents be-
trayal which eclipses Black Friday,
and the effects of which, in England,
internationally, and within the work
ing class movement are incalculable.
There was no justification, either in
the situation of the struggle or in the
readiness of the working class move
ment turnout the country, for this ca
pitulation. The working class move
ment thruout the country was solid;
the strikers ranks were daily increas-
ing; the engineering, shipbuilding and
electrical workers had just been
called out (under mass pressure; the
Clyde engineering workers had come
out unofficially day in advance in
order to force the hands of the Cen
eral Assembly,, adding half million
to the strikers. The sudden capitula-
ton came as staggering blow to the
movement.
1t was a collapse at the center, un-
der government pressure. The gov
eminent, thru the law courts, had just
declared the illegality of the general
strike, thus making every trade union
official personally responsible to be
prosecuted. The government has is
sued regulations placing an embargo
on funds frem abroad. There were
threats of confiscating trade union
funds and introducing new trade union
/ legislation. The armed force of the
government was provocatively dis
played in the London streets. The re-
formist trade union leaders lost all
nerve, and were ready to go thru any
humiliation rather than face the un-
known possibilities of continuation
of the strugge.
This collapse is the last stage of the
old economic class struggle, as it has
been fought in England and has
reached its elimination in this general
strike. With this general strike the
trade union tradition of struggle has
reached it's extreme point and can go
no further. The workers are now face
to face with the legal and armed force
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
The Calling Off of the British General Strike

of the state. The struggle can only be
carried forward as the direct political
revolutionary struggle with the state.
II.
THE NEW SITUATION IN BRITAIN.
LONDON, May Is. - (By MaiD y
The bourgeoisie has followed up
their advantage from the capitulation
of the General Council by Immediately
delivering the heaviest attack on the
whole position of the working class
and working class organization in Brit
ain.
The General Council by its capitula-
tion left the working class movement
leaderless. The miners were desert
ed; the unions instructed to make
what terms they could separately; the
local strike committees were left with
out direction. In their haste to save
themselves personally from further re-
sponsibility, the General Council did
not even attempt to organize retreat
of the working class. On the workers,
thus left fighting in the dark, the gov
eminent and employers Fastened to
deliver the heaviest attack
Government Prevention.
This attack was directly led by the
government. The government en-
ployed hypocritical phases of recon
Citation" and appeals TO the employ
ers to exercise moderation. But the
policy of the government was shown
by its actions. On the very evening
of the settlement the government is
sued Through the country an official
statement thru the British Gazette"
under the heading mo Obligations"
which was direct Indictment to the
employers to let loose the attack.
This direct provocation Of the gov
eminent to the employers was not
needed. With an immediate unanim-
ity, which showed both preparation
and organization, the employers began
the campaign, presented new demands
to the unions, called for new agree
ments, refused to take men back save
individually and with discrimination,
demanded Stacking agreements
against similar strikes in future, in
many cases demanded reductions in
wages.
Assails State Employees.
In all this the government took the
lead in regard to workers in It's own
employ. The following admiralty or
der was issued
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
What Is the Farmer-La
Movement?

Let us take a concrete case.
TN one of the Minneapolis farmer
4 labor clubs where the Davis forces
are quite strong, a recent meeting was
spent in vilifying, rnisrepresenting and
demanding the expulsion Of the Com
munist members. Those who took
part in the attack were all supporters
of Davis-ex-Davis agents. perennial
candidates for Office, etc.
The rank and file members present
were thoroly disguised with the Davis
ties and the state secretary of the
farmer-labor associat ton, himself q
farmer, who was present, stated after
the meeting that action would have to
be taken to put stop to such dis
graceful proceedings.
This is what is meant by my state
ment that clarification is taking place
not so much by theoretical discussion
as by the facts of the struggle.
THE foes of the Communists, who
l. are also foes of genuine farmer.
1 labor party, cannot make their case
before the rank and file.
They try to raise the smoke screen
Of the "red menace" but some farmer
or worker always penetrates it with
the question:
why do you denounce the Commu-
nists, who obey the convention de-
cision when you are working against
the conventions candidate"
The question is unanswerable.
ITF the elements opposed to Johnson
l. as the candidate of the party could
have secured a farmer or worker for
their standard-bearer their case would
have been stronger.
But they chose a wealthy lawyer
and Johnson, whatever his other
faults may he, is farmer
Lawyers are not popular in Mime
sofa among the farmers or with the
workers. The possibility of their hav-
ing secret connections with the rail
roads, steel trust, elevator and -four
milling interests is too well known.
ITO be continued.)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15

careful investigation on his part, is
that dealing with the temporary decline
of the planters Of the South. before
the tremendous impetus given cotton
raising after the invention and use Of
the cotton gin. That part alone Just
flies the new edition of the book,
making It available TO younger work
ers who are unfamiliar with 1t. II is
also valuable because ii is a phase Of
American history that has been much
neglected by all historians.
There Is also much valuable ma
terial CLEANED from other historians,
especially in that part of the work
dealing with the Jacksonian period,
tho Simons again revealed his lack OF
MARKHAM training by his inability to
perceive the first political alignments
based upon the dim class lines Of
Jackson's time.
The International Publishers de.
serve credit for their new edition II
for no other reason than to give work.
ers something in the way of American
history that is an improvement over
tho appalling drivel OF oneal.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
Coolidge Not Easily Convinced

News dispatches from Washington that President
remains calm the Brookha victory in against
and that he does believe the verdict of the republicans
state be interpreted reputation of the policies Of his
minstraton.
Coolidge hard convince of facts apparent
else Even Wadsworth of New York, salwart
Coolidge is striving peuen the president endorsing his
candidacy, he considers much This
Of the attitude Of other sought open approval
of the administration before many had registered disap
prova Of its policies.
About the only left to convince Coolidge of their disap
proya is for the voters of that party kick in the
White House and throw its and his belongings into the
Such action might indicate
slight degree of antipathy toward his regime.
Since republicans do utilize such emphatic tactics only
alternative is for them postpone for their
ncng assaults and take action at the national convention that will
assemble choose another presidential candidate Even then
president might have misgg in which nothing further
could possibly be done
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15

committees or correspondence as
the general staff of the American rev.
olution, and INDUCES in stupid twad-
die to the effect that the revolution
was started and maintained thru
methods of mob violence and terror
ism, such as civilized war hardly toll
crates today" (this was written be-
fore Wilson's war TO make the world
safe for democracy, which Simons
supported), there are parts that dis
tinguish him from the ordinary his
torians and that make his book the
only one of its kind thus far publish
ed in this country.
For instance, on Page rs, we find
a very commendable explanation of
the consciousness and determination
of the revolutionists:
"When the statement Is made that
only minority Of the population were
revolutlonists, the question naturally
arises as to how this minority was
able to win out. The answer Is found
In the fact that the revolutionists were
much more active, efficient, cohesive,
and belliaerent, more conscious Of
their aims and more determined In
their pursuit than any other portion Of
society. This ls an lnvarlabIe eharae-
terlstle Of a rising social class. The
capitalist class was then the coming
elass. II was the class to whom -the
future belonged. II was the class
whose Victory was essential to pro-
uress."
Certainly here is historical justifica-
ton for any methods that might have
been employed. in spite of sentimental
yearnings for more civilized meth
DDS OF fighting.
THE best part Of Simons' book. and
the part which indicators more
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
The SGSQui Centennial Edition Of SimOns'
"SOCia| Forces in American History"

The contrast between the work OF
Simons and Oneal is clearly shown
in their analysis of the forces that
organized the American. revolution
against England. tII
Oneal tries to belittle the admirable
revolutionary Committees of CORE
spondence" set up by Sam Adams of
Massachusetts, Thomas Jefferson of
Virginia, and other revolutionists. and
he sneeringly refers to them as lad
venturers, politicians and poor farm.
ers." 5 ~ .
Oneal becomes indignant at the un-
gentlemanly conduct OF these revolu-
tionists who were so inconsiderate OF
the tories as TO throw stones at them
and occasionally ride. the dignifed
gentlemen on fence rails, and who boy
cotted as public enemies merchants
who opposed them. He devotes a half
page 10 the trials and tribulations OF
a certain lieutenant governor of Mass.
achusetts who became disguised
with these rioters" (his name for rev.
oiutionists) II seems the eminent
statesman, like oneal, was profound
historian and "the rioters" Quilted the
house and destroyed nearly every.
thing OF value. including some records
and rare documents OF great value to
historians"
While the so-called socialist author
has only scurrilous epithets for Sam
Adams, he sheds crocodile tears for
the lieutenant governor and says; HE
was a pathetic figure when he on.
tered court next day wyh tears in his
eyes and clothed In gsttnents, part OF
which he was compeItA to borrow"
While Simons, like Qneal, could not
properly appreciate Che role OF tho
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15

strike participation or even from
union membership Of employees in
key positions or position of trust"
e. 6. railway supervisory grades, print
ing foremen etc. Some employers
particularly in Scotland) have en-
deavored completely to break the
unions and establish a non-union
basis; but this has been discouraged
by the government and the majority
of the bourgeoisie las the Federation
of British Industries) who know too
well the police value to themselves of
duly legal and shackled trade unions.
The government hopes to break the
power of the trade unions, and then
to maintain them with the assistance
of the Thomases ETC., whose only
maintenance of their positions now
depends on direct government protec-
ton and assistance to chain the work
ers. tVs sa.-
3. To break the nerve of working
class resistance by victimizing all mil
liant workers, and driving them from
the factories.
The Traitors Agreement.
The railway agreement, signed on
May IA by the three railway Trade
Unions and the railway companies, is
the clearest demonstration of the new
policy. The agreement lays down.
% Reinstatement "as soon as
work can besfound."
(2) Admission by the unions that
the strike was "a wrongful act" and
admission of the companies legal
right to claim damages from strikers
and others responsible.
go THE unions undertake
(a) not again to instruct their
members to strike without previous
negotiation with the companies;
(b) to give no support of any kind
to their members who take any I'M
authorized action;
(c) not to encourage supervisory
employees in the special class 10 take
part in any strike"
(4) Transfers of reinstated strik
ers may take place, though without
reduction of wages.
60 1.-THE settlement shall not ex-
tend to persons guilty of violence or
intimidation"
Thomas & Co. Sign.
This humiliating slavery agreement,
completing the betrayal and abandon
ment of the workers to the mercy of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15

Following the admiralty decision
as regards men on strike, established
men are not to be allowed to enter,
but are to be suspended until further
notice"
The following war Office order was
issued:
Notice to employees at war Office de-
partment establishments. Men who
have remained at work, and men who
have returned to work by Wednesday,
May IL, will be given preference in
employment irrespective of their for
mer length of service.
"All awards under the superannua-
ton acts are subject to the condition
that discharge at a PERSONS own de-
sire or due, to his own default forfeits
all previous service"
Raid Communists.
The Home Society issued a warning
that all strike pickets employing any
kind of intimidation or molestation
were illegal, and criminal prosecution
would follow any attempts. Repres-
sion was even more intense after the
settlement" than before; and in par
ticular Wholesale raids were made on
Communist Party premises thruout the
country, and arrests in patches car
ried out. The government knew that,
after the capitulation Of the leaders,
the resistance of the working class
had still to be smashed, and that this
was the most intense phase of the
struggle.
Plot to Outlaw Strike.
The principal detectives of the new
campaign we're:
/. To prevent a recurrence Of
the general strike. The chief weapon
to achieve this is the governments
legal weapon. 1t is probable that new
trade union legislation will be intro
duced In any case the ground as re-
CARDS the general strike is covered by
the high court decision of Justice Asst
bury that general strike is illegal"
and mo trade dispute does or can ex-
list between the Trade Union Council
and the government"
Want Shackled Unions.
@ To break the power of the trade
unions in all key positions. It is here
that new trade union legislation will
probably endeavor to diminish the
strike rights of the unions. The en-
ployers in the new agreements have
endeavored to secure exemption from
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15

the employers, the desertion of the
militant workers who had fought for
the strike, and the surrender of all
rights of a working class fight, was
signed by Thomas, Cramp, Bromley
and Wal1den. Thomas declared it an
"eminently satisfactory" agreement
Certainly it would be satisfactory
agreement from his point of view:
since it would save him from the
trouble of further questions of a gen
eral strike or rank and file demands
for action, which could in future be
referred, first, to the companies to
deal with, and second, to the police.
Workers Resist.
But the spirit of resistance in the
working class was intense. All over
the country the workers rose against
the general councils betrayal and to
meet the new attack. The intensity
of the struggle is shown by the fact
that on May 13 Thomas had to admit
in the house of commons that there
were 100000 more workers out on the
day after the settlement" than there
had been before. The settlement"
had indeed settled nothing.
Strikers mass meetings at Man
chester, Liverpool, Glasgow, Edin-
burgh, Doncsster, Sheffield, Cardiff,
Hull, Portsmouth, Southampton etc
declared for the continuation of the
strike and resistance to the new at
tack.
Mass Demonstrations.
Demonstrations took place all over
the country against the betrayal. At
Manchester the demonstration mum
bered 10000. In Glasgow professions
went thru the streets with posters,
Down with Thomas. At Poplar in
East london hostile crowds gathered
outside the trade union officers. Mount
ed and foot police charged them with
batons, and there were forty injured
At Hatfield, near Doncaster, hostile
demonstrations were broken up by the
police, and eighty arrested.
The general councils abdication has
left the workers without central lead
ership. The Communist Party has
issued call for national conference
Of local strike committees. The urgent
necessity is to rally the working class
forces, and establish a new central
leadership to carry on the struggle.
The issue of this will be determined
in the next few days.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
BY WILLIAM r. DUNNE.
Third Article.

THE struggle which takes place in,
l. the farmer-labor clubs and in the
trade unions supporting the party in
Minnesota shows clearly the clarity
ing process which is going on in the
ranks of the party.
On the major issue around which
these struggles arise-carrying out
the decision of the convention in favor
of Magnus Johnson as the party can
didate-a sharp division takes place.
Workers and farmers are for Mag
nus Johnson.
Professional politicians, middle
class elements, reactionary labor Of
ficials, support Davis-the lawyer.
THE farmer-labor clubs, especially,
l. have become backgrounds on
which the fight for organizational 10y
atty and discipline is waged.
A good gauge of the progress that
the party is making in consciousness
of the fact that it must become class
instrument is in the attitude towards
the Communist members of the clubs.
In this connection 1t should be re-
membered that a most unprincipled
and well-organized campaign against
the Communist Party has been car
ried on in Minnesota for the last two
years. The campaign resulted in the
expulsion of number of Communists
from central bodies and labor unions
and their isolation from the farmer
labor movement.
TINE mass of farpers and workers
4 were frightened by the campaign,
altho they took no part in it.
But in the farmer-labor clubs and
the local unions they now find Com
munists supporting Johnson, while the
same elements which were the loudest
in their denunciation of the Commu-
nists are either supporting the repub-
lican, Leach, or disobeying the con-
vention decision and supporting Davis.
What is the result?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
A REVIEW BY H. M. wIcKs.

Social Forces in American History, by
A. M. Simons. international Pub.
fishers, New York, Price, $1.6O.
TT is quite appropriate that when the
l patriots of the nation are celebrat-
ng the 150th anniversary of the sign
ng Of the Declaration OF Indepen.
dence, there should be published
aew edition of what is thus far, in
spite of its shortcomings, the best
attempt of an American writer to ex'
plain American history upon the bas-
is of the class struggle.
Simons' Social Forces in American
History" has been out OF print for
some years and many of those who
have become revolutionists within the
last decade are not familiar with its
contents, altho 1t had considerable
vogue a few years back among those
who are today the older revolution
lists in America.
Far Surpasses oneal.
WRITTEN by a former prominent
w member of the socialist party,
who was at best but a very poor
social democrat, there are many de-
fects in the book that heralded the
fate Of Simons as renegade social
list and lingo supporter Of the war
His frequent relapses into hero wor-
ship display lack of MARKHAM com.
prehension, but in this respect he is
not half so bad rs James Oneal, whose
wretohedly compiled book, THE
Workers in American History" is
good for nothing except TO reveal the
mental bankruptcy OF that Bolshevik
batting satellitesof Morris Hillquit and
Abe Cahan.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
Siguranza Chief is
Law in Roumania

BUCHAREST, Roumania, June 10.
All participating in the workers
and peasants bloc conference at
Turn.Sevarin were arrested and kept
one day in jail by the police. When
several, that had been seized. protest
ed against the illegal arrest by the
police, the chief of the Siguranza de-
clared cynically, 81 am the law!
interpret IL as like
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-06-15
U. S. Agents Made "7romlses."

NEW YORK, June 1.-Two internal
revenue agents are under arrest today
charged with promising Clifford w.
Smith, Rockland Me-, millionaire. to
reduce his excess income taxes $780,
600 and with accepting a bribe Of
$4,000.
The men, Victor II. Bergholz and
Joseph M. Sattler. were arraigned be-
fore Commissioner Cotter and held In
$4,000 bail each.
Imperial Valley press., 1926-01-02
A CHANCE FOR BRIGHT BINDS

Efforts TO Obtain an endowment Of S0,OOOO0O tor
university to educate young California "geniuses
said to be meeting with opportunity from IAN enormous
body IN CaIlfOTma opposing science.
his Is nOurnful situation III time and land
supposed to represent the peak of civilization. Blind
opposition to science only be characterized
stupidity For science is simply "organized know
ledge embracing the alphabet and the multiplication
table less than the mechanical sciences and the lat
est discoveries in biology. And of all the scientific
teaching carried from the kindergarten to the uni
yersity graduate Schools there is probably less than
per cent to which any intelligent person could offer
reasonable lection grounds OF naccuracy, misre
presentation or bad public policy.
1t is said, truly enough, tnat the promoters of this
plan may make mistakes in picking their 1000 most
gifted children for this university. No way has
yet been found for judging genius in childhood Often
a genius is not really recognized until after death.
But the principle OF selecting the children showing the
brightest minds in the performance of their school
work, and giving them exceptional opportunities for
further learning is sound.
little of the effort lavshed on backward pupils
might long way if devoted to exceptionally gifted
ones There Is no greater educational tragedy than
holding back alert, eager minds and forcing them to
keep pace with slow minds. This university should
be good thing, if it accomplished nothing more than
encouraging greater fleNibiiy in the whole education
al system, to give the best minds untrammeled
chance for progress.
Imperial Valley press., 1926-01-02
MARSHALL FORCES
TO RUSH THROUGH
FARM RELIEF BILL

WASHINGTON, Jan. .. = Under
the leadership IF Representative
Dickinson, Republican, Iowa. the
house farm bloc marshalled its
forces today for speedy enactment
of agriculture relief legislation.
Dickinson announced he would
rcintroduce soon after the house
assemblies his bill creating a farm
commission to help dispose of sur
plus farm products and demand
carly consideration Of the measure.
Chairman Haugen. Republican,
Iowa, of the agriculture committee,
who attended the Iowa conference,
has promised Dickinson early con-
sideration of his bill in committee.
Dickinson today was confident
his bill would be approved by the
committee and reported favOrably to
the house.
'When the measure is reported, y
he said, 'we will demand it be tax
en- up by the house at an early
date.