Evening star., 1926-04-11

| says they are so true TO that of the
! American Indian that if they We're
| transplanted into America nobody
| could possibly take them for anything
| but Indian. Men. women and children
| resemble the American aborigineS in
| behavior. in dress and even in the
| intonations of their language. The
Importance of the light his discovery
| throws on the origin Of the native
| Americans is obvious.
| Arabs Like Whites.
DR.. Hrdlca early in April last year
| took a ship to India, stopping to
examine some Arab types at Port Said
and Alden. OF the pure-blood Arab
the anthropologist says that he shows
| a lively, intelligent white mans
| physiognomy, though mostly brown in
color, and that the higher class pure
! Arab is often as light as the southern
| European.
In India Dr. Drdlicka visited the
Siwalik Hills, an area that is probably
| the richest source of anthropoid ape
| fossils in existence. Within the last
| two years. five or six new varieties
of such fossil anthropoids have been
| found there.
At present one of the most interest
ing problems in anthropology is to ex-
plain the presence of the Negrito in
the Philippines and Andamans. How
did he get to his present homes? His
nearest relatives are apparently the
PygmieS of Central Africa. but a great
| unbridged space till now has separated
| the two. If he extended from Africa
he must have left traces of his pass
ing in Arabia and India Such traces
do exist, so far at least as the Indian
IN INr. J,-I
licka became satisfied. They occur in
Parganas, northwest of Calcutta, in
at least one area along the eastern
coast, here and there among the
| DravldianS, and in the Malabar Hills
These discoveries bring the Negrito a
| long way farther to the westward and
| so much nearer Africa, making his
| derivation from that continent SC
much the more probable.
Three Groups i'm India.
With regard to the bunk of the
present population of India, Dr. Hrd
ltcka believes he can say with conf
dence that it is mainly composed of
three ethnic elements. the Semitic,
the Mediterranean, and in certain
parts the Hamiltic or North African.
The AryanS show everywhere either
the Semitic or the Mediterranean type
DR.. Hrdlicka saw nothing that could
be referred to the types of central or
northern Europe. 1t would seems
therefore that the Aryans came from
Persia and Asia Minor rather than
from or through what is now Euro
pean Russia, he concludes.
Passing through Ceylon, where he
reports no definite trace as yet of
geologically ancient man. DR.. Hrd-
licka proceeded to Java, touching at
Sumatra and the Straits Settlements.
of Sumatra, q country not yet per-
fectly known, he says that there still
prevail in the island among the whites.
as we'll as the natives, beliefs in the
existence of wild men. There are said
to be two varieties. The Orang Pandalk
(orang- man, pandak-Short) is said to
live in the almost impenetrable noun
tain forests of the central and south
ern parts of the island. The natives
describe him as black short, long
haired and wild, but not insurmount-
ably shy. The second form is the
Orang Sedapak. He is said to live
in the unhealthy lowlands of the
southeastern part of Sumatra. He is
described as having the body of a
child of -. with long red hair on
head and body. He is very shy and
runs. but does not climb
In the mountainous regions of the
upper parts of the Malay Peninsula,
according to information given to DR.
Hrdlicka, there still live thousands of
negritoid people, and there are many
old caves waiting to be explored.
Other Fossils i'm Java.
The visit to Java was made chiefly
for the purpose of inspecting the site
of the Pithecanthropus. but Dr.
Hrdlicka also desired to satisfy him
self as to any possible cultural traces
of early man and as to the present
population. When the actual site. of
the Pithecanthropus was reached by
DR. HrdlGla. whole gang of natives
advised by the police were already
waiting there. each bringing a little
pile of fossils gathered from the
muddy lodges of the river as they
were exposed by the receding water.
These fossils were eagerly examined
| and good selection was made for the
National Museum. but they included
no remains of any primate.
In the eastern portion of Java, DR..
Hrdlicka found traces of the pre-.
| Malay Hindoo population. which peo-
| pied the island in early historic times
In the central part of Java, these
| people evidently reached a rather high
degree of culture and left imposing
| ruins.
F'ull-blood and otherwise full-colored
Australians, but Awith tow hair, We're
| one of the phenomena observed in a
boat journey along the western coast
| of Australia. DIR. Hrdlicka also at
! tended some Of the impressive noe
turnal ceremonies of the native Aus
| tralians.
THE data obtained in Australia, y
| writes DR.. Hrdlicka, throw a very
interesting and to some extent new
light on the moot questions of both
| the Australian and Tasmanian abort
gines. According to these observa.
tions. the Australian aborigines de-
serve truly to be classed as one Of the
more fundamental and older races of
mankind. and yet it is a race which
shows close connections with our own
ancestral stock-not with the negroes
or Melanesians Except through ad.
mixture), but with the old white peo-
pie of post glacial times.
Tasmanians Are Branch.
LAS to the Tasmanians. the indica-
tions are that they were but a branch
OF the Australians, modified perhaps
little in their own country. Both
peoples have lived, and the Aus