davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
SOY BEANS PROVE
VALUABLE AS FEED

Dairymen are finding that the soy
bean plant is a valuable source Of
feed for dairy cattle, w. B. Nevens,
assistant chief of dairy cattle feed
ing at the college Of agriculture, Uni
versity of Illinois, reports. In case
of hay shortage, soy beans produce
in one season not only large yield
of hay, but also a feed which is
rich in protein and lime, two of the
essentials for milk production. The
beans and the oil meal produced from
them are also valuable concentrated
feeds.
Studies Of the feeding value Of soy
bean products for dairy cattle have
been under way at the college of agri-
culture, University of Illinois, since
1922. Soy bean straw, the product
left after threshing soy beans, when
compared with timothy hay, proved to
be a relatively poor roughage for
growing dairy heifers. About 35 per
cent of the straw fed was refused.
Choice soy bean hay, on the other
hand, proved very valuable roughage
for milk production. From 10 to Is per
cent Of the hay in the form Of coarse
stems was refused. When compared
on a pound basis of the hay actually
consumed soy bean hay was found
equal to alfalfa hay Of equal grade.
A close relationship was found be-
tween the thickness Of planting soy
beans and the proportion of the hay
refused. The amounts of hay (stems)
left uneaten ranged from 120 pounds
a ton of hay from a thickly planted
plot to $50 pounds for the thinnest
planting.
Feeding trials with soy bean oil
meal have shown 1t to be nearly equal
to choice cottonseed meal as a pro-
tein supplement for milk production.
More than 80 cows are now used
in a feeding trial in which a study
is being made of different methods
of preparing soy bean hay for feed
ing. The whole hay is fed in COM
parison with chaffed hay and ground
hay.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Currants, Gooseberries
and Strawberry Crops

Strawberries are usually planted
about 18 inches apart in rows feet
apart for June-fruiting varieties and
1 foot apart in rows of 3 feet apart
for everbearing varieties; currants
and goOseberries 6 by 8 feet; red
raspberries, 18 inches apart in rows
feet apart; other brambles 3 feet
apart in rows feet apart; grapes
by s feet.
Care should be exercised in setting
Strawberries not to get them too deep
or to have any portion of the roots
exposed. The crown should be just
even with the surface of the soil. All
other small fruits are planted a few
inches deeper than they stood when
in the nursery rows. Clean cultiva-
ton should be given throughout the
spring months. 1t is more convenient
and will lessen the work to mulch
around the bush and cane fruits dur
ing the summer and fall months and
in the strawberry bed the second
summer, using the same material that
was used for the winter mulch No
cultivation is given the strawberry
the second year.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
BALANCED RATION
BEST FOR SHEEP

Sheep need a well-balanced ration
the same as other farm animals, and
one of the most efficient rations that
can be fed is that one which is COM
posed largely of legume hay like
clover, alfalfa or soy-bean hay, D. S.
Bell Of the Ohio experimental station
told sheepmen at the annual meeting
of the state wool growers association
recently.
That sheep will do better on ration
which is properly supplied with
high-protein feed was illustrated by
one test at the experiment station
where wide and narrow ratiOns were
compared. Those ewes which were fed
rations low in protein gave birth to
puny lambs, half of which died and
the others were off feed, so that they
could not be continued for a year on
such a ration.
"a man without legumes cannot
keep sheep as efficient producers" Mr..
Bell summarized his statement on the
value of clover and alfalfa hay. Tim
Othy hay was described as particu-
larly poor for sheep feeding, not so
good even as oat straw. In order to
keep down costs the speaker recon-
mended a limited allowance of corn
silage or fodder.
The best form to supply the addi-
tional protein needed In the ration, In
this experts judgment, is through the
use of linseed meal, and for sheep he
prefers the pea size. The meal makes
the troughs gummy, but If this form is
fed he recommends that it be given
on silage About a pound of linseed
meal to six or seven pounds Of grain
was recommended. The stock ration
at the experiment station is three
parts Of corn, three parts of oats and
one part of linseed meal No grains
are ground.
Where all silage was fed to ewes
at the experiment station, the lambs
were of good size but very weak and
f1abby, lacking in vitality, even though
the silage was supplemented with
good grain ration. A third of pound
of alfalfa daily per head made a Won
derful difference.
The ration for breeding ewes, Mr..
Bell further pointed out, should be
different from that for fattening
lambs, as the ewes should not be-
come too fat. At Purdue university
the recommended fattening ration for
lambs is composed of silage, clover
hay, corn and cottonseed meal.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
. Orchard .
inflammation
GRATING GIRDLED
TREES is PROPER

Girdled fruit trees should be grated
if they are to be saved, according to
advice from the New York State Col
lcge of Agriculture at Ithaca. AS the
snow meltS from the orchard the
damage which mice and rabbits have
done to young trees will be evident
and these trees can be saved to flu
ture usefulness if care is used in
bridge grating.
The college has already pointed out
that scions should be from we'll
matured water sprouts of the preced-
ing summers growth or from vigorous
terminal growth. The grating itself
is best done at about the time of de-
layed dormant spraying when the buds
are showing green. At this time the
bark should peel easily.
Prepare the trunk of the girdled
tree for bridge grating by removing
sections of bark above and below the
wound as nearly equal to the diameter
Of the scion as possible, and about two
or three inches long," says the COL
lege. I'm removing these sections Of
bark, the cuts should be deep enough
to remove all tissue down to the trans
parent film which covers the hard sap
wood and constitutes the growing lay
er. Make the scion somewhat longer
than the wound to be covered, and
bevel it on each end with straight
cut of such length as will fit into the
inciSiOn made in the bark
mail the scion to the trunk in the
places where the sections of bark have
been removed. Each end of the scion
can be held in place by two mum
ber eighteen wire nails, an inch long
The more scions placed about the
wound, the quicker it will heal, but
generally they are placed about an
inch and a half apart. After the
scions have been nailed in place they
are waXed at each end with grating
wax in order to prevent their drying
out and decay"
The college of agriculture at Ithaca
has several good recipes for wax, as
we'll as directions for grating, and
these will be furnished on request.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Clean Utensils Potent
Factor in Care of Milk

Clean utensils are perhaps one of
the most potent factors in produc-
ing milk and cream of good quality.
According to Thomas M. Olson, head
of the dairy department at South
Dakota State college, if milk or cream
is stored in utensils which are already
teeming with bacteria of various
kinds, the quality is affected, and
nothing can restore the cream to it's
original quality.
However, clean utensils are only
one factor in the production of quail
ity dairy products. Small-tOp milk
pals have proved under actual trials
to decrease the dirt which enters
the milk by 60 per cent
The condition Of the separator
comes in for the greatest criticism in
connection with clean milk produc-
tion. If you do not believe this, take
a sample of sweet cream from a
separator which has not been washed
properly after each separation.
Allow it to incubate at a temperature
Of 20 to so degrees Fahrenheit for
"a hours. If the separator was
dirty or not cleaned thoroughly,
you will get a noticeable 'dish rag
flavor" and the cream will show the
effects Of bacterial flavor.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Better Pruning Needed
for Quality in Fruit

Much more attention must be paid
to pruning than is customary, if the
quality Of fruit is to be improved, in
the opinion of w. A. Ruth, associate
chief Of pomological physiology at the
college of agriculture, University Of
Illinois. By intelligent pruning it is
possible to improve the size and color
Of fruit and indirectly to lessen insect
and fungous injury by facilitating
spraying, he pointed out. The best
type of pruning throughout the entire
life of tree consists almost altogeth-
er in the removal of excess branches.
Heading back should be practiced
sparingly and only under special con-
ditions which definitely call for it.
1t is frequently necessary to remove
large branches from older trees under
our present orchard practices. This
is inadvisable because it usually re-
suits eventually in the death of the
tree. To prevent this the tree should
be trained in it's first two or three
years preferably to the modified CEN
tral leader type.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
ChlOrinated Lime
Loses Strength
Use of Seriously Deterio-
rated Article Is Declared
Bad Practice.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture)
ChlOrinated lime, also known as
bleaching POWDER" and sometimes in
correctly called chloride of lime." a
substance used extensively as
germicide, deodorant, and bleaching
agent, loses its strength with age,
eventually becoming ineffective as O.
germicide, says the United States De-
partment of Agriculture An investi-
cation has been made by the depart
ment for the purpose of determining
the rate of deterioration of chlori-
mated lime, and the results of the
study have been published in Depart
ment Bulletin 1889, entitled "Deteri-
Grafton of Commercially Packed Chlo-
rinated Lime"
Only a Waste of Money.
The use Of seriously deteriorated
chlorinated lime for germicidal pur-
poses not only is a waste of money,
but, by affording a false security,
causes other precautions to be omitted
and serious injury to health may re-
suit
The investigation disclosed no
marked difference in rate of deteriora-
tion between samples manufactured
and packed in winter and those put
up in summer. There was, however, a
seasonal variation, the loss of avail
able chlorine being greater in warm
than in cold weather This loss seems
to be slightly accelerated by light
The results on the rate Of deteriora-
ton as influenced by the method Of
packing, whether by hand or machine,
did not lead to any definite conclu-
sions, and the keeping qualities Of the
bleaching powder were not greatly
affected by the type and size Of COM
mercial container.
Average Loss of Chlorine.
The average loss of available chlo-
rine for all samples from the different
sources packed and stored in various
ways, was LOS per cent month for
the period, IL to Is months Most Of
the available chlorine lost was trans
formed into chloride chlorine, the loss
in total chlorine in most cases and the
change in chlorate chlorine being very
slight. A copy of the bulletin, which
gives many details relative to the in
vestigation, may be obtained free as
long as the supply lasts, from the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture, Washington, D. G.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
POULTRY
*F:ASL1S
FEEDING TURKEY
POULTS PROPERLY

1t is very poor economy to stint tur-
keys, especially young growing stock;
for when once stunted, it takes a
long while to recover. For the first
"A hours after the chicks emerge from
the shell they should remain under
the hen unmolested, both to dry and
gain strength and hardness. They
do not require any food, as the store
nature provides will last over this
time AS the chicks hatch sometimes
irregularity, the older ones can be
cared for in the house until the others
are ready to be taken away, when the
hen and her brood can be removed to
a roomy coop, with tight-board bot
tom and rain-proof roof. They should
be fed five times daily, but just what
they will clean up. The first food
should consist Of stale bread mOis
tened in water or in fresh milk-the
milk is preferred. Do not wet the
food, very moist or sloppy food will
cause sickness and high rate of NOR
tality among young turkeys. If milk
can be spared, give it to them freely
in place Of water.
The too lavish use Of corn meal has
caused more deaths among young
chicks than has cholera among grown
fowls. Until the chicks are half
grown, corn meal should be but spar
ingly fed; but after that time, when
judiciously used, is one Of the very
best and cheapest foods for fowls and
chicks. Nine-tenths Of the young tur-
keys which die when in the "downy"
state get their death-blow from corn
meal, as it is very common practice
to merely moisten with cold water
some raw corn meal and then feed 1t
in that way.
Young chicks relish occasional
feeds of cracked wheat and wheat
screenings; while rice, we'll boiled, is
not only greedily eaten by the chicks,
but Is one of the very best things that
can be given. 1t frequently happens
that damaged lots of rice, or low
grades of it, can be bought at low fig
ures in the cities. AS it increases in
bulk in cooking, it is not an expensive
food for young chicks even at the reg
ular retail price, though it would not
ordinarily pay to feed it to full-grown
fowls very literally or very frequent
ly. In the absence Of worms, bugs,
etc, during the early spring, cheap
parts of fresh beef can be well boiled
and shredded up for the little chicks;
but care must be taken not to feed
more frequently than once in two days,
and only then in moderation. Feed
ing meat is very beneficial to young
turkeys when they are shooting" their
first quill feathers, as then they re-
quire extra nourishment to repair the
drain on immature and weakly bodies.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Conifers Are Best for
Tree Planting on Farm

Confer or evergreen, trees grow
faster and more thriftily than do the
hardwoods, such as hard maple, white
cording to. the forestry department of
the State College of Agriculture ut
Ithaca, is the reason why the state
conservation commission grows con-
ferrous seedlings almost exclusively,
and recommends their general use in
reforestation.
Landowners who are familiar with
the rapid growth made in their wood
lots by valuable hardwoods frequently
raise the question why more effort is
not directed toward planting these
species. FOresters recognize the value
of such species, but contrast the rapid
and sure growth of the conifers and
the ease with which they are raised
in seed beds.
Likewise, the department points
out, hardWOOdS are not likely to
flourish in the exposed sites where
fers, on the other hand, are able to
thrive under such adverse conditions
as stony soils and bare pastures, and
soon establish forest floor. They
will convert a bare, bleak pasture into
a woodlot in a shorter time than
would any of the hardwoods. In fact,
the foresters declare the gross guam
tity production from a stand of pine
in fifty years may be double that from
hardwood growth.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Real Value of Bull Is
Very Often Overlooked

Unfortunately some of the best bulls
Of the dairy breeds have been slaugh-
tered before their real value was de-
termined. The real test of a bull is
the individuality and production of his
daughters and the bull is usually at
least three or four years old before
this can be accurately determined. It
is big mistake to use a bull two
years and then sell him. A simple ex-
change of bulls with a neighbor or
fellow breeder will keep the bulls in
service at least four years and avail
able until their value as sires is deter
mined. Another excellent plan which
makes for the purchase of better bulls
is the cooperative use of a bull by
neighborS.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Supplemental Grain Feed

1t Is advisable to give a supplement
tary feed Of corn and oats to dairy
cows during the months when pastures
are short. Feeding of grain while the
cows are on pasture gives excellent
results. The difference in production
may not show up at once, but the cows
are kept in good condition for fall and
winter production. Records of vari-
Gus cow-testing associations show that
often the highest producing herds are
those kept by men who feed grain in
summer.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Eliminate Dirt in Milk
bv EXERCISING Canton

Clipping the long hair from the I'D
ders and wiping with damp cloth
before milking will do a great deal to
eliminate dirt in the milk The small
top milk pail will also eliminate more
trouble. Even with the best of care,
some dirt will get into the milk, and
this should be removed Immediately
after milking by passing the milk
through a strainer which is equipped
with a cotton filter instead of the
usual wire or cheesecloth strainer.
The cotton pads will pick up the fine
dust that will pass through the ordi-
nary strainer. A few trials with a
sediment tester will show the efficiency
of the device as compared to the usual
method of straining.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
uuueesstss1<ssass Il Il
Live Stock Items
Il Il Il Il Il Il s:tts III y

c<Exkkkkk<k8k< ktk<k1{t 1{tktk1kfEk133E<fktSfH
Breeding, feeding and housing are
important factors in most live e-stock
enterprises.
Cattle and horses do not like sweet
clover pasture at first. This is owing
to the presence of volatile oil. How
ever, when they become accustomed
to the flavor, they like sweet clover
almost any way.
Even pigs like to be clean, and
farmers who are most successful in
swine. raising know that the pigs far
roWed in elean quarters are the ones
usually most free from round worms
bull noses and other swine troubles.
Worm-free pigs are the best kind tc
raise but that kind can't be found in
old, dirty pens. Hot lye water used
to clean up the hog house before the
pigs are born will help keep the lit,
tie fellows free from worms.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Youth and Age Will Not
Mingle Well in Flock

Conditions fatal to profits are devel-
oped in the poultry flock by allowing
youth and age to mingle indiscrimi-
nately in the runs and houses, accord
ing to Prof. LaF Payne, head Of the
poultry department at the Kansas
State Agricultural college.
eff the pullets are fed enough for
growing purposes" he explained "the
hens become fat and sluggish and If
the hens are fed just sufficient to lay
well the pullets starve."
In the farm demonstration flock at
the college poultry farm the 75 best
pullets are separated from the 50 best
hens October 1 each year and are kept
in separate compartments throughout
the winter.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19

is' a growing n a
every animal in the barnyard awoke
with a terrible start.
"Oh, aren't you meanw grunted
POrky Pig from his pen.
81 was having a snooze-such a
nice snooze, and you've made all the
children wake up too"
From every corner of the barn
yard came the queerest collection of
sounds.
What they really were I'm sure
you'll easily guess.
It was every single animal saying
in his own way just how annoyed he
was at Red Top.
"Well," said Red Top, "of all the
unappreciative and ungrateful ami
mails, you barnyard ones are the
worst. Why, I'm just as good as an
alarm clock
"And 1 don't have to be wound up
either"
When one of the hens heard Red
Top talk also about not having to be
set she at once clucked:
"Oh, then I'm an alarm clock, too
because I just set Of my own accord,
and a fine brood of chickens comes
from under my wing. I'll call myself
Mrs. Alarm Clock Hen"
"Will you never understand" said
Red Top, that an alarm clock Is not
an animal-it's-well, it's q clock"
1--WE understand you perfectly" said
Sir William Goat, sometimes called
Billy Goat.
Sir William had been asleep until
a few minutes before. He had been
sleeping in his favorite fashion.
First Of all he had put his front
feet up on the bench while his back
feet were on the ground. That was
his favorite way of sleeping.
For, you see, the goat family came
from the mountains where the land
was very uneven, and for so many
years they have been used to sleeping
this way that now it is the most COM
Portable.
The peacock said:
"Billy may call himself a gentleman
because of his whiskers and a few
other odd reasons, but certainly only
a goat sleeps in the way he sleeps"
For the peacock and the goat were
constantly discussing this subject.
can alarm clock" continued Red
Top, who wished to be the center of
attention. "has a little bell and a
tick-tOck, and I simply go 'Cock-a-
doOdle-dO' when 1 wish to do so and
because of my own power"
He crowed again to show how
splendidly he could wake up the ami
mails
"Oh, DEAR" came from the farmers
son as he hurried out to the barnyard,
''that wretched old sun came in my
window, and you crowed your head
off, old rooster, and 1 am so sleepy.
lone would think I deserved to
sleep after a long winter of school,.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Dairy Hints

Alfalfa hay and corn silage togeth-
er supply ideal roughage for dairy
cows.
Calves cannot be grown from birth
to maturity on ration free from
roughage.
Market your milk, butter or cheese tc
the best advantage. 1t is part of the
dairyman's job to find the best mar
ket for his products. There is where
the profit comes from.
If cream or other products are to
be sold and dairy herd maintained
for profit, there should be from 10 to
Is dairy cows on the farm to put the
enterprise on business basis
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Poultry Facts


Green feed is very essential in stim-
ulating egg production.
Early-hatched chicks will get a good
start before hot weather and mature
before winter.
Raising chicks on fresh ground
away from the farm flock lessons
the danger Of disease.
Too mature pullets can be held
back by withdrawing all mash and
feeding only grains, and this spar
ingly.
Arrange the poultry breeding pens
A few more dollars spent for high
grade rooster will be a good invest
ment.
Resting and hardening the chicks
before they are taken from the in
cubator makes stronger, sturdier
stock.
Feed a dry mash and green feed
so the hens will always have some
thing to peck at without troubling
the eggs.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19

morning, and TO
his mind it was
high time for all
the world to be up.
"These b r n
yard creatures
are so lazy" the
roos t er k e p t
thinking to him
self, and then he
h ard a bark
from the stable.
There's Dash,
the dog, ready for
the days work,
but not one Of my
animals"
And then Red
Top set up such
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Spray for Insects

Fruit growers are urged to apply
the delayed dormant spray to fruit
trees. This is the first spray of the
season and should be applied early in
the spring. In spraying peaches this
spray should be applied just before
the buds swell This spray may be
delayed and will be most effective if
applied to apples just as green can
be seen in the tips of the buds
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Got OUer His Hurt

Billy was telling that he fell down
at the party and hurt himself. His
mother said, 20 Billy, I hope. you
didn't cry"
81 didn't" he said, 81 just got over
It by ouching three times"
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19

an awful racket waking folks up
but when they get up 1 give them fine
eggs for breakfastw
And she clucked happily to herself,
while old Red Top went strutting
around, muttering to himself how
little he was appreciated, and how
much he should be appreciated.
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19

But you don't
care about any
one. "
The farmers
son was certainly
very cross. But
when he went
over to see Mrs.
Hen and saw the
nice eggs she had
laid he was quite
pleasant again.
And to herself
Mrs. Hen said
"I'm a nj c e
alarm clock, for l
don't have to be
wound up and
set.
HT dOn'f noko
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Another Great Liar

"Who was the greatest liar ever
known, Bobby?"
A pause.
Surely you must know, my lad"
"Well, sir, of course, l know there
was Ananias; but then there's my
young brother !"
Arizona state miner., 1926-06-19
Daddy ! | ! :
X2SaZ SH|
MARY GRAHAM BONNER
ANIMALS ALARM CLOCK

"COck-a-doodle-do said Red Top,
the rooster.
Over and over again he gave the
same call, for it was very early in the