The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1926-10-29
DIGS UP PUEBLO
LOST CENTURIES
Ethnologist Makes DiscOv-
cry of Mound of Arizona
Forest.

Washington.-The spade Of the
srcheOlOgist has brought to light from
among the pine trees near Flagstaff,
Ariz., beautifully envirOned Eden
pueblo, the walls Of which have been
hidden for centuries under low mounds
of stone and earth. This name was
selected by Doctor Fewkes because Of
its proximity to Elden mountain.
From the cemetery Of Elden pueblo,
DR.. ]. Walter Fewkes, chief of the bu-
reau Of American ethnOlogy Of the
Smithsonian institution, has recOv-
cred a remarkable collection Of pre-
historic pottery. 1t includes 300 per-
feet vessels, and fragments which can
be repaired Of as many more.
The pottery includes cooking uten-
sis, seed Jars, dippers, ladies, food
bowls and some very unusual animal
eflgies. The most striking efigy fig
ure the HOpi identified as represent
ing an antelope. This deliberately dec
grated efigy bowl found with a skele-
ton would indicate that the burial was
that of a priest and that the bowl
was q sacred one.
Mas an Ancient Metropolis.
The pueblo whose inhabitants made
this pottery was a metropolis Of the
Southwest centuries before the com
ing Of the white man. When Doctor
Fewkes undertook It's excavation last
May the site gave little promise Of a
buried building, but as the result of a
summers work it now stands out as a
rectangular enclosure measuring 145 by
125 feet and containing 40 or more
chambers. In it's original state It rose
two stories, but the roofs and floors OF
the upper stories have long since
fallen in and the highest section Of
the wall still standing measures only
eight feet from the base.
The outer wall is solid, without
windows or doors. To enter hi:
house the Eden pueblo dweller had
to climb the wall by ladders and
through a hatchway descend to TIT
lower story. These blank outer wall
were undoubtedly a protective ar
rangement TO keep out enemies an'
when besieged defended themselve
from the roofs with rude weapons.
The pueblo contains one large rOOI
about thirty-twO feet square, wit
rounded corners. A raised banquet
on the inner wall was probably do
signed for seats. There is a fire
, place in the center and on one sid
a ventilatOr for supplying fresh ali
, This was undoubtedly the ceremOnil
of the pueblo.
Home Of HopI Ancestors.
What people were they who buf
q and lived in this metropolis so man
centuries ago? The masonry is yer
p crude and indicates the early stages
q pueblo building. The pottery is pr
dominantly white with black geome
ric designs in the interior-a for
i typical of the old Hopi. There ST
exist vague legends among the BIO
Indians indicating that Eden pueb
was one Of the homes of their a
i, cestors. It is probable, therefore, tn
- the pueblo was built by one Of Il
= groups or ancestral clans Of the mo
ern composite Hopi Indians.
4 When the pueblo was inhabited
why abandoned-whether because er
! mics stole the crops or because t
= water supply gave out or for sol
- other reason-are facts which c
- only be roughly conjectured.
u Doctor Fewkes reinforced the ado
used as concrete by the builders WI
cement and took all other pOssiI
II steps to protect the pueblo walls
withstanding the ravages of the e
ments, in order that they may c.
tinue to reveal something Of the
!. of prehistoric Americans to the M
ern tourist.