davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
BY Anise.

BY Anise.
July 20. Mini Novgorod.-A soon
- as / reached the dock in Mini Nov
gorod from which my steamer was to
take me down the Volga, 1 was TAX
en- in charge by a smiling blond giant
of a porter, in linen trousers and jack
ct. His nickel badge announced that
he was No Twelve, Of the Collective
of Unemployed noted this for fur
Their question, gave him my hand bag
gage and the order for my ticket and
went out to see the town.
Disentangiing myself from the
warehouses that always front on
docks and steamers, found myself
on a long cobblestoned street with a
store on the corner selling ikons and
religious emblems. Dull ancient brass
and colored semi-precious stones, or
possibly old glass-some Of them
looked old enough to be interesting.
half decided to buy one as souvenir
of Mini, but l was distracted by the
shop next door-a tiny branch of the
Government Publishing House with
booklets in its windows. Here, side by
side, were the two faiths fighting each
other.
Soviet Books Plenty and Cheap.
II ENTERED the book shop intent on
Il reading material for my journey.
Again those gay little Soviet primers,
telling all details about government
and the industry and agriculture of
the land in simple language for the
peasants. Across the paper cover red
peasants and soldiers we're marching.
1 selected pile of ten booklets: one
on Marriage, Family and Divorce, evil
IDENTIFY discussion of the new prOpos-
ed marriage code; another on "The
Fireside Demon" the tale of a SUI
perstitious peasant who was so over
whelmed by a bad dream that he
brought upon himself all the evils he
expected. Others on the recent de-
cisions on the Communist Party con-
gress: The Methods of the Party in
The Village; How the Workers In
spectiOn Operates; The work of trade
unions in town and country"
Ten books-and the total cost was
55 cents. No wonder. these booklets
are put out in editions of 10000 at
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
he Detroit Federation Of Labo Unhappy MarGge-The Predictions
of the Poor Relation-The Legitimate Child and
Other Interesting Matters

vain did the Workers Party point out
flaws in the charms of the bride.
1t was of no avail to show that the
bride was not innocent, that as a mat
ter of fact she was the mistress of
labor's enemy. Unfortunately the
groom was the innocent party, in
nocent as a babe. Besides who list
ems to a poor relation? The family
scoffed at the admonitions of the
Workers Party and predicted ever
lasting happiness for the newlyweds.
The announcement came sooner
even than the Workers Party expect
ed. And it adj happened as result
of an illegitimate child.
A S has been stated the street car
"A system is owned by the city,. The
city purchased it several years ago
from a private company at fancy
price. Now 1t is necessary to make
payments on the principal as we'll as
interest on the bonds. These pay.
ments take a., good deal of money.
Not much Is left for improving the
service. OF course, no politician dares
demand an Increase in the rate of
fare which is s cents, with 1 cent
extra for transfer. The poor serv-
ice afforded an opportunity to some
500 jitney men to make a living by
operating jitneys.
The jltneymen from the beginning
had clever men Safnong them These
men recognized at once that the situ-
alton required political allies. And so
while the city officials were fighting
in the courts TO drive the jitneymen
off the streets, the jitneymen organ
lied themselves, secured charter
from the A. F. Of L. and Joined the
Detroit Federation of Labor, which
they correctly concluded would be
their best, II not their only alley,
MERE the Detroit Federation far
w sighted politically II should have
understood that such an organization
was not legitimate union The
men own their own cars and are real
ly businessmen. Moreover, the fed
GRAFTON should also have foreseen the
possibility of conflict with the street
Garments union which has between
three and four thousand members.
But per capita IL an effective yamp
and the Detroit Federation fell victim
to It's lure. II knew very we'll tha
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24

the street carmen could not afford 10
withdraw from the federation.
MTHEN the legal fight carried on by
w the city against the jitneymen
ended recently with a decision grant
ing the city the right to order the
jitneys off the streets, the city Off
Gals took action Immediately to make
the decision effective, and the jitney-
men took their complaint to the De-
troit Federation of Labor. The Fed
Grafton took up it's cudgels in behalf
of the jitneymen.
The representatives OF the Street
Garments Union attacked the policy
of the federation, pointing out lay
offs of union conductors and motor
men on account of competition from
the jitneys. 1t was not an agreeable
spectacle to watch the conflict be-
tween the street Garments union and
the federation. The federation ON
cials carried their point against the
opposition of the street carmen. But
the problem is not solved
However this family quarrel is not
the only consequence. With Mayor
Smith supporting his street railway
commission 1t was inevitable that
marital happiness OF the federation
and Smith would be undermined. And
so 1t was. ltfS-
d EcENTLY another element of dis.
~ cord entered the situation. Smith
supports for governor the candidacy
of Fred Green, a manufacturer. who
Is the candidate of the regulars.
against the present governor Groes.
beck, who has his personal machine.
Largely, perhaps because Green was
prison labor contractor, but not
least because the federation expects
Groesbeck to be elected II has en-
dorsed Groesbeck's candidacy. Thus
the prediction Of the poor relation.
the Workers Party, came true.
TT remains 10 be seen how soon De.
troit labor will learn the proper les
son from this experience and num-
Der of others OF like character. In
the meantime to bring this lesson
daily before the workers during The
campaign the Workers Party has
nominated It's own candidate for gov.
ernor William Reynolds. president Of
Carpenters Union, Local No. 21<o.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24

| That is because, ! learn so much for
the collective. So have almost a
steady job which is good for me and
for the Others, also"
He went on to talk of Mini. "a
dirty city, he said. "Only the nature
around it is beautiful. Such little
city with such lovely river, it ought
to be a little jewel of beauty and clean
Illness. But the city administration
is lazy. They do better in the town
up north where l come from" He
mentioned the great flood of the
spring. "The biggest for a hundred
years" he told me. ut made great
ruin. OF course it gave work also to
the building workers, but all the same
it was loss, for the government had
to pay for it, and had that much less
for new production" - @a
Spreading Education.
THE whistle blew, and Number
Twelve left me, considering how
intelligently this casual specimen of
the cfty's unemployed discoursed on
yuDllCn 4ndblClo5 AOW ulll6 DlJJ6Iu6bS
he felt,s except towards laziness, and
how unconsciously he identified his
own Interests with that Of the govern
ment. Then / picked up the pile of
booklets had bought and discovered
one oflthe reasons. No one, however
far afield he may be, escapes the reach
of those little pamphlets, telling every
thing of latest interest about govern
ment plans.
On the back cover was an advertise
ment telling plainly how to subscribe
for more books. Inside was another
advertisement asking all citizens to
please write in without even the need
Of putting stamp on the envelope"
and tell the Government Publishing
House '"what books you like and why,
what books you don't like and why,
what new subjects you would like to
have books written on. Fl. We need
this knowledge in order to print books
that are actually needed, useful and
interesting" concludes the appeal.
Surely nowhere, any time or in any
land has there been such widespread
conscious and intensive education of
the masses in. civic affairs as today in
the Soviet Union. a
Tomorrow Communist work" on a
river sboat)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
UnOrganized Workers Challenging the
Official Labor Movement

The prngng up of unions formerly unorgnized workers
which Immediately demand be taken into the dominant American
Labor in their occupation industry
phenomenon in the American trade union movement
Until recently such organizations either the
Workers of the World actuaed by dis
Federation of labor assumed independent
that lasted as long the union did
The rise of such organizations is an indication that
ganed the localities where these unions formed
developing intelligent estimation of the American trade
union movement than is to be found in labor
hostile attitude unorganzed workers that to be found
in unions be ascrbe large part not only to the mar
of the sections of the membership but to
deliberate attempts the of the union officials create
pcion the unoganed magnify the difficulties in the of
organizing them in order their lack of activity in this
important field.
Conservative labor officials have so far been wrg
lack of sympathy with the struggles
unaaed any A. of L. union by loud of "dua
There powerful institutional tendency the American
h American trade uniOnist probably
established form and than the bosses and
less able tradition and devise and methods)
and this has been used the limit to evade official support for
great struggles like those in McKeepor Butte Lawrence etc
$4,000 Passaic only their
desire of becoming of the trade union movement but insist
being duty difficult the cry
duam begins to lose it's punch Nor is Passaic an isolated
instance In Lowell Massachusetts, some 300 textile workers al
they strike make application for admission
to the United Textile Workers.
Amboy, Jersey organization begin
ming with strikes wage has
instead Independent unions being formed the workers call for
A. F. of organizers demand aiaon with recognized trade
Unions
Of somewhat different character but perhaps of sig
ncance has developed without strike is the oganza
ton of 300 electrical workers in New York City who have
banded together the securing admission the local
International Brotherhood Electrical Workers whose
job character has these workers outside its
The ncurabe believers in the theory revolutionary union
by the organization
tionary workers.
decay miancy unOrganzed
and the desire for organization finds broader expression
begins appear the big basic industries ocadom
step aside allow organization proceed develop
best fitted for the needs of the millions
of the unions among
official organizing campaign has been carried since the
strike of 19192O
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24

BY C. L.
TWO short years ago the great la
Dor family of Detroit celebrated
With great gusto the political mar
rage between the Detroit Federation
Of Labor and John w. Smith, post
master and regular republican poll
tician. 1t was a sensation. The then
mayor, Frank Doremus had been com
PEELED to resign because of serious
illness, and Smith among others COW
eted the mayoralty, plum Hardly had
the rumor of Smiths candidacy taken
flight from the post Office when some
1900 trade unionists made a pilgrim
age TO the steps of the post office
and there begged him TO run. The
annals of the Detroit labor movement
contain no parallel to such ardent
wooing. tgg. gsQl.4
TRUE, the charms of Smith were
= not so captivating inf'themselves.
But in contrast to the ugliness of the
other candidate, Joseph Martin, the
acting mayor, they looked rather good
to politically inexperienced workers.
Martin both as acting mayor and pre-
viously as. head ofithe department of
public works like the good chamber
of commerce man that he was, took
a determined stand against the union
ization Of the city employees, refused
to pay the union scale to certain class
es of workers despite. a mandatory
provision to that, effect in the city
charter, and particularly haraesed the
local union Of the street carmen,
composed almost entirely of men
working on the street car system own
ed by the city.
Ross Schram, the secretary of the
street railway commission under Mar
tin, cancelled the leave of absence
Of the officers Of the union, a leave
taken for the purpose of working for
the union, and he attempted vigorous
ly to organize a company union
Smith, who, II was said. had labor
connections some years ago, promis-
I'd policy OF cooperation and tacit
recognition OF the unions.
EVERYBODY in the labor family
- approved the match except one
poor relation, the Workers Party. In
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24

I ensconced himself on the foot of the
bed and began to talk chattily, while
l reflected that only in theaSoviet I'm
ion do baggage porters SO unconscious
ly sit on your bed for a talk about
social affairs. fes
Unemployment is very bad in Mini.
There are thousands out of work. We
are all registered at the Labor Elk
change. They try many ways to help
us. OF course in any event we get
our unemployment pension but that's
only enough for bread. So mostly, we
form collectives of unemployed and
get special jobs of casual labor. We
are sent out for special cleanings of
factories, or waste land, or for loading
goods. It is easier for a collective to
find such jobs than for a single man.
"The Collective | belong to has 800
government river boats the right to
handle passengers and baggage. OF
course there is not work for all of us
at once, if there were, we should NO
longer be unemployed. This porter's
job gets passed around. have it for
month and then it is the turn of
someone else" So we manage to get
little extra for the whole three hun
dred."
What happens to the money you
get?'' I ask. Does each man keep
his OWN"
How It Works.
mo" answered Number Twelve.
- at goes into a common pot.
Twenty per cent of all goes to the
general collective and the rest is
divided equally among all who are
porters for the month. myself usual
ly take in three or four roubles a day,
(up to $2) But others take in only a
few kopeks; | don't know why, but
they don't have the knack of getting
work. So actually, after all deduc-
tions, l get about a rouble and half
day, (75 centsl. Of course a man
could cheat and keep out some of what
he got. But sooner or later, they
would catch him, and then he would
be expelled from the collective"
"Then you have no advantage"
asked him, from your extra ability?"
why, yes, / have an advantage. Be-
cause now they are letting me work
the second month, contrary to custom
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
CHAPTER II.
CHAPTER n.
THE STRUGGLE OVER OUR GEN.
EALoGIcAL TREE.

Our Ape-ReIativss and the Vertebrate,
Stem.
TN the previous chapter I tried to
L give you general idea of the pres
ent state of the controversy in regard
to evolution. Comparing the various
branches of thought, we found that
the older NEUROLOGICAL ideas of the
creation of the world were driven long
ago out of the province of inorganic
science, but that they did not yield to
the rational conception OF natural de-
velopment until a much later date in
the field of organic nature. Here the
idea of evolution did not prove com
pletely victorious until the beginning
of the twentieth century when its
most jealous and dangerous opponent,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
SUBSCRIBE TO THE DAILY WORKER!
BRITISH ARISTOCRACY BRUTAL

IEIE cold
w Imagine an man
think Of 100000 children British
miners starving before
1900 New York cIOakmaksrs Arlington
coal mi
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
WITH THE STAFF
Being Things From Hero and
There Which Have Inspired
Us to Folly or Frenzy
MAKE TT sNAPPYl

"a seren-Word prayer, Jesus
called a good one. A SiStg-eigkt
acord prayer, he said, contained
all that men needed to sag or God
to beGr."-F'rom Bruce BGrtOa'S
"Scriptufes Made Easy for Scis-
sOfSbiHs.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
1.-THE TRIUMPH OF THE
EGG"

The speakers were not only struck
by eggs, but were even stoned.
From a description of the ex-
periences Of some members Of the
Fellowship for Peace while Peace
while tryins to propagandize the war
like citizenry Of Massachusetts.
The writer of the above seems
to be of the opinion that stoning
is worse than egging. We disagree
with him,
A stone is an honest enemy.
When he strikes you he considers
that his work is done and falls to
the ground, there to rest until.
called for duty again. A stone is
strong, knows that he is capable
of striking more than one blow
and strong enemy is never cruel,
But consider an egg. His very
weakness conspires to make him a
Shiny foe. As another wit has well
said: can. egg hits and runs" An
egg knows that with one blow he
has exhausted his possibilities as
a missile and Immediately has re-
course to other methods of war
fare. He first splashes, then drips
and finally oozes. We speak here
only of healthy eggs. We reserve
the question of sick eggs for rebut-
tai.
We call upon all who have been
Oozed upon by eggs and struck by
stones-the whole army of soap
boxers and actOrs-to rise in de
Tense of stoning as against egging.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-08-24
THEY'LL BIZ LooKEp ArrrR.

~ believe that if sufficient
probation is not furnished in this
'oorld to infants, idiots, ante
diluUidns, heathens and some chill
dren a0bo hare no moral chance,
God toiH proUide some probation
IN hddes. "-Rev. Net0mGn Smythe,
Hartford, Conn.
Evening star., 1926-10-25
MASONS RESUM|NG
VISITATION SERIES
Sidney R. Jacobs, Grand Mas
ter, Will Call Upon joppa
and Takoma Lodges.

Sidney r. Jacobs, grand master of
Masons of the District of Columbia,
accompanied by the officers of the
Grand Lodge, will resume the pres
ent series Of grand visitations to the
constituent lodges tonight, with Off
cial calls on Joppa Lodge. No. 80,
at o'clock and on Takoma Lodge.
No. 90, at 8:45 o'clock. Joppa Lodge
meets in Masonic Hall, 4209 Ninth
street, and Takoma Lodge in Masonic
Hall, Takoma Park, d. G.
Visitations already made include
calls on King Solomon Lodge, NO.
81. John j. Ferber. master: East
Gate Lodge, No. "a. Harry A. Strong,
master; King David Lodge. No. 2S.
John T. Williams. master; Stansbury
master; Brightwood Lodge, No. 4S,
Raymond l.. Schreiner. master:
Lebanon Lodge. No. Z. Elgin Smith,
master; Columbia Lodge, No. 3,
Louis NJ. Hewlett, master: Albert
Pike Lodge, No. 36. Melvin A. Wertz.
master; pentalpha Lodge. No. %.
Harry l.. Underwood, master; Ben
jamin B. French Lodge, No. Is. John
G. White. master: Theodore Roose-
welt Lodge, No. A, Francis Thral,s.
master; Washington Centennial
Lodge, No. IA, John ID. Hughes, mas
ter; Osiris Lodge, No. 26-the grand
masters mother LODGE. Edward
Cassidy, master; William r. Singleton
Lodge, No. 80, Robert +. Fleming,
master. and Chevy Chase Lodge, No.
AZ. William I. Ogus, master.
The visitation last Thursday eve
ming to Singleton and Chevy Chase
Lodges was a joint affair, held in
the new building of Singleton Lodge,
at ASH Wisconsin avenue, Tenley-
town. 1t was in the nature of
housewarming, so far as visitations
are concerned. and was largely at
tended. Following the Masonic cere-
mony, entertainment was provided
and refreshments served. The latter
included a fruit shower" for which
Singleton Lodge is famous.
Owing to the large number of
lodges-there now being Al. with an
other operating under dispensation
and two more in process of organiza-
tion-the grand master. as an ex-
pertinent. is visiting two or three
lodges in one evening during the
present series of official calls. lie
is visiting three lodges in an eve
ming when all three meet in Masonic
Temple. Thirteenth street and New
York avenue. and at least two lodges
In an evening where the place of
meeting is outside the temple.
Evening star., 1926-10-25
SHAH IS ENDANGERED
BY AUTO EXPLOSION
Car Carrying Ammunition Blows
Up Near Persian Ruler-Sev-
eral Officers Killed.

By the Associated Press.
TEHERAN, Persia, October 25.-
The Shah of Persia today escaped
uninjured when an automobile which
was escorting him on a tour of the
Province of Manzandaran was blown
up near Damavend, several officers
were killed and two injured.
The automobile blown up was car
rying arms, ammunition and bombs.
The cause of the explosion was not
apparent.
The Shah continued on his tour.
The Shah. Reza Khan Pehlevi, was
the object of plot late last month,
when several high officers were ar
rested. Not only was the Shah to
be assassinated, the authorities
stated, but also the Crown Prince,
many high military officers and men,
bers of the Mejliss, or national as
sembly. simultaneously the plotters
were to seize Teheran and form a new
government.
Reza Khan is a colorful parsonage,
but is not, as has been reported, of
loWly parentage. He is of good
family and, like many young men of
noble rank in Persia, served for
short time in the cavalry. This cir
cumstance gave rise to the tales of
his rise from stable boy to dictator"
He had advanced himself to the
post of premier when he carried out
the coup which dethroned Shah All
med kajar during the latters absence
on one of his lengthy visits to Europe.
At first Reza Khan announced him
self in favor Of a republican form of
government but he changed his mind
and was crowned in Teheran last
April amid scenes of Oriental splen-
dor. Characteristically. he placed the
crown on his head with his own
hands
Evening star., 1926-10-25
TELLS OF HARDSHIPS
FACED IN RESEARCH
Henry Field. Museum Curator, Re-
lates Experiences of Scientists in
Mesopotomia Explorations.


CHICAGO, October 25.--I;Xpedition
ary work by scientists is not all
romance and glory, for they At times
suffer privations, wrestlc with the
problem of food and combat climatic
and other conditions foreign to the
homeland. Henry Field. assistant
curator of physical anthronology for
the Field Museum said today in re-
counting his month in Nesopotamia
with the Field Nuseuln-ONtord Uni
versity expedition. lie Is 4 cousin Of
Stanley Field. president OF Field Mu-
scum
With little or no shade. Mr.. Field
and other white members of the eX-
pedition worked with native lahorers
full S-hour days in eXcayating
specimens near the ancient Sumerian
city, Kish, believed tn hold the secrets
Of a forgotten civilization. kish is
65 miles from Basdad,
The scientists food consisted Of
canned goods and biscuits Field said,
while tents with sleeping accommoda-
tions below ground and mud huts were
used by the expeditions.
In the ruins Of the great temple III
Eish Field assisted in unCoVering a
complete Sumer.an skeleton, estimated
10 be 5000 years old, and believed to
be the only complete Sumcrian skele-
ton ever found in Mesopotamia.
Evening star., 1926-10-25
HEAVY STORMS RAGE
WREAkING DAMAGE
Several Persons Injured, Property
Destroyed by Wind Approaching
Tornado Stage in Two States.
By tha Associated Press.

pITTSFIELD, Mass, October 25.-
A wind that approached hurricane
proportions caused heavy damage
here today. Roofs were torn from
buildings. large trees were uprooted,
chimneys We're blown down and much
other damage to property done. SO
far as known, no one was injured.
NEWARK. y. j.. October 25 (R.-
Northern New Jersey today was
swept by winds which at Paterson
reached the proportions of a small
tornado.
High winds were reported at AS
bury Park, Camden and Trenton.
Telephone poles We're snapped off.
trees urrooted and at Camden several
houses were unroofed and several per.
sons injured by flying debris.
At Paterson the storm was confined
to the business district. where win
dows were broken. awnings were
torn off and several big trees up
rooted,