New Britain herald., 1926-12-15
RUSSIA'S GOVT.
 AND IT'S LEADERS
Special Writer Describes Situa.
 tion There

Washington, D. C., Dec. 15-Stalin Trotsky, the Tz. I. K. and Kalinin.
 Who, and what, are they?
 Names of leaders md certain gov
 ernment bodies are familiar in news
 dispatches from Russia, yet they are confusing because so little is known
 of the structure of the government
 or the exact status of its leaders.
 The National Geographic Society
 assigned Junius B. Wood to winnow
 the facts about various phases Of
 present-day conditions in Russia
 Concerning tho present government
 tai organization of Russia which. in
 cidentally, is officially the Union of
 Soviet Socialist Republics. MT. Wood
 writes:
 "A meeting of the Tz. I. K. Gen. tral Executi Committed brings out
 all those individuals whose state
 ments occupy more space in the
 newspapers and who are seen less in public than any other officials in the world. Center of interest when he emerg.s in the corridors is Jo- seph Djugashvili Stalin-'stalin. meaning steel, having been conferred on him by Lenin when they were exiles together. He would be called director or political boss in any other country.
 Russia's strong man and virtual ruler is Georgian. Tall. slender with 1et-black hair and mustache. stern faced, sparing of words, but direct anl emphatic, Stalin controls the party organization which he has per fected.
 Kalinin, Uncle Mikhail Ivano- vitch,' as the r asants call him. son of the field and factory, is con- trast, smiling through his close crop ped beard, eyes twinkling behind his spectacles, shaking hands, greeting friends right and left Peasants have been known to walk 1000 miles-an old-time peasant must go afoot on an important mi5sion-to tell their troubles to hin'. Kalinin is the gen. ial president. Stalin the silent poiltl- cal boss.
 The Tz, I. K. Is tabloid of the political organization of Soviet Rus sia. next Q the ak of its pyramidal system of government. The peak. it. self. elecA d by the Tz I. K.. is the Presidium of twenty-seven members, which includes the six presidents,
 and is the legislative, executive, and judicial authori'y, except during the few days of each year that the Tz. I. K, is | session.
 The Tz I. K. has 581 members, divided into the upper house, or Council of t'.e Union, of 45O mem bers chosen according to population, and the lower house, or Council of Nationalities of 131 members, five from each of the constituent rcpub- | lies and one from each of the auto nomous republics or nationalities.
 Theoretically, the Tz. I. K. should meet three times q year, rotating in the capitals of the Russian. Ukra- inian, White Russian. Transcaucasi- an, Turkoman, and UzbcS republics.
 The Tz. I. K, alco chooses the Coun-
 cil Of Peoples Comr1issars, corrcs-
 bonding to cabinet in other coun-
 tries. The indentical structural or FaniZation follows in each of the re- | publcs in the Union.
 The base of the All-Cnlon pyra- r,id, itself resting on other pyramids
 descending from the higher sovicts of the republics to the voters them selves. is the AH7Union Congress of
 Sovets. a cumbersome body of more
 than 1000 members which is sup posed to meet annually In Moscow. Its last meeting was in May, 1925.
 It elects tho Tz. l. K. which is
 hot so unwiedly. It's members are elected By town, township (volost),
 and provincial (gubernia) sovicts.
 The gubernia sovicts also are elected