Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-09

ship. These covered questions ~
war guilt, disarmament, sanctions
and mandates.
All answers were found satisfac-
tory TO Germany, except those re-
lating. to Article is. creating man
dates over nations not yet able to
stand by themselves. Germany seeks
q retufn of her colonies. inundated
to France, Great Britain and Italy.
About the same time. Germany. In
a note to France. initiated the con-
ference at Locarno. for the purpose
of an international security pact, now
known as the Locarno treaty. Last
February 8, Germany made formal
application for admission to the
League and council. That movement
eliminates today. '.'.
X 4
While the United States remains
aloof from membership in the League.
it has not entirely been apart from
all activities thereof-such as con-
ferences on health. narcotics and
traffic i'm women. Opponents ofothe
World Court contend that II we enter
the court. it will be equivalent to
"entering the League by it's hack
dooN after refusing to come In by
the front door
Sucn n construction u NlROIVuSlS
contradicted by the supporters OF the
Harding Coolidge proposal to recos-
nize the so-called Permanent Court
of International Justice, and at the
last session of Congress the proposal
was Endorsed, with certain reserva-
lions, by a vote of 76 to II. Whether
all members of the assembly will &C
cept the American reservations re-
mains In doubt. Canada protested,
Immediately upon the opening of the
session this week.
The five reservations are as fol-
lows:
/. Adherence shall not be taken to
involve any legal relation to the
League of Nations, or any obligation
under the Treaty of Versailles.
2. The United States to be per-
mitted to participate on an equality
with all other states in the election of
judges and deputy judges and in
filling vacancies.
3. Payment by the United States of
a fair share of the World Courts ex-
penses. az determined and appropri-
ated for by Congress.
These three reservations have heen
fully accepted by the League. The
remaining two are under discussion:
4. The United States may at any
time withdraw adherence to the pro-
tocol, and statute shall not be
amended without its consent.
5. The court shall render no ad
visory opinion without notice to all
adhering states. nor shall it. without
the consent of the United States, "en-
terrain any request for an advisory
opinion touching any dispute or
question in which the United States
has or claims an interest"
Furthermore. the Senate included
a stipulation in it's ratification:
That adherence to the said PROF.
tocol and statute. hereby approved,
shall not be so construed as to re-
quire the United States to depart
from its traditional policy of not
fntruding upon, interfering with or
entangiing itself in the political
questions of policy or international
administration Of any foreign state;
nor shall adherence to the said pro-
tocol and statute be construed to
imply REIMBURSEMENT by the United
States of it's traditional attitude to-
ward purely American questions"
This last reservation or interpre-
tation Is a restatement of the Monroe
Doctrine, and, II accepted by the
League, will constitute the most pro-
nounced international recognition
ever gwen OF LDdL uOctrlhe-d OOc-
trine which has not been interna-
tional law. but only the dictum of a
state strong enough to assert 1t, and.
when necessary, TO back IL up with
power.
Canada's delegate argues that Res ~
ervation would give up, alone,
power to veto any needed change in
the construction of the court. Bel
GUM opposes our forbidding the
council of the League to ask the
court for an opinion to guide the
council-our NTH reservation.
Last April. a conference OF the
nations was called to consider the
American reservations, to which
Secretary of State Kellogg, declined
TO send representative, on the
ground that the reservations. as
adopted by the Senate. were clear
and not--open- to our discussion. nor
to modification through interprsta-
tion by the State Department.
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