davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19

had striven over Ave years to arrive at the
same conclusion, it had expressed it's concep-
stitute for the Leagues method made outside
Geneva, for which the great powers which had
made 1t rather cavalierly, demanded that there
should be League ratification.
The original conception of the League was
manifestly. universality 1t to include all
nations with the clear conception that the
Assembly should be the governing body, that
in the Assembly the small powers by sheer
weight of numbers would have the deciding
vote In Wilson's mind the Council, which
to be in a measure an upper house, was to be
administrative rather than controlling. 1t
to contain representatives of all the great
powers, representatives also of the small states
the former to hold their seats perma nently, the
latter to be allotted in something like rotation
X X x
In practice, not only has the Council become
the dominating body but it has twice been in
screased in size by the bestowal of seats upon
states which for one reason another We're
useful necessary to the purposes of the
great powers. Poland. for example. was to have
a seat because Poland assented to Locarno
Spain. because Spanish influence worth
the price to France and Britain. No one
questioned that France would cast her vote for.
Poland so long Poland was French ally.
or that the transfer of Spain to a perma-
nent semi permanent seat would bring
Spanish influences to the side of the great
powers.
the League whole system of League politics
revolving both about the cleavage between the
small powers ana the great ana also between
those nations which desired that the League
should become something of itself, something
of importance and authority Independent of the
great powers. neither controlled by them when
they were agreed. nor-as must more frequently
happen--paralyzed when they disagreed. AS
for the great powers, they have steadily pur-
sued the policy of dominating the League
through the Council, at the same time increas-
the size of the Council to suit their own in
terests
There is thus seen a curious situation in
which there are three sets of powers-the
great powers, France, Britain, Japan. Italy
and now Germany; the smaller powers. which
are bound to the large powers by some form Of
special bargain. Poland Belgium, and the
states of the little entente are bound to France,
as the British domnons and Portugal are
bound to England: finally the states like
Switzerland, HOLLAND Denmark. Norway and
Sweden which are their own. and for rea-
sons of highly enlightened self1shness. desire
to make the League reality beyond the con-
troll of the great powers.
So far the League has measurably been con-
trolled by the British and the French, when
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
What the League of Nations Is Doing

thew are in agreement. as 1t has been by dis
sensions, when they could not agree uui
has somehow preserved not so much reanS
hope of evolution toward lnoepehoehee'
toward real Internationally.
Certainly the League acquires certain new
importance and prestige. because with tne ao'
vent of Germany, and the acceptance or Lo.
carno, it becomes inevitably the center OF
European diplomatic and political relations.
Before Germany came RENAMED an .,n.
willingly assumed, was to preserve the declsons
of the treaty of Versailles. and dependent agree
ments But with the arrival of Germany II
now becomes in real sense a pan European
conclave and this character is certain to be
enha need by the inevitable coming of Russia
later.
For a long time to come foreign ministers
of the great nations will come here at least an
can fairly exaggerate the Importance to Europe
of having such place. the value which VIII
belong to these meetings of public men, VINO
have never before, since the collapse Of the
post.Napoleonic system had any compelling
reason for personal contact. Since the journal
lists will follow the statesmen. Geneva is des-
tined more and more to be what it has already
become In no small measure--a European meet
ing ground.
Statesmen and journalists in increasing num-
Der, Europeans interested In public questions,
together with vast armies of specialists sum-
moned to attend some examination OF a prob
lem of international Importance, will hence
forth meet here. They will meet in en- atmos-
phere which, however strange and at times
fantastic, makes international contacts easiest.
X X X
Europe is finding Geneva not alone place
to become reacquainted after enforced separa-
tions of the and postwar periods but also
place where there can be degree of nterna-
tional association not before possible in E.'l-
rope. Even the recent important occa sion
the proceedings of the League We're really not
nearly great magnet to European journal
lists the certainty Of contacts with states
men and men of their own profession from
every European nation 1t Is true in the main
that the hordes of visiting Americans coming
here they would flock to any center Of attrac-
ton, most but not all. curiosity seekers.
League enthusiasts pacifsts, internationalists.
professors-one must say it-cranks, fanatics,
have added a dscordant and on the whole
disturbing element. If only because they en-
numbered hotels, crowed streets an made all
circumstances of business difficult, IL not i'm.
possible
But this sightseeing. purely American touch
has been in the main exotic. has made the lives
of those officials charged with distributing the
few available a nightmare. 1t has
0tontinued on Fourth PageO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
Ruby With Portrait
Inside Amazes India

Real rubies, sparkling like drops OF
pigeons blood. are beautiful jewels.
But when one discloses inside a por-
trait made not by human hand but
by nature 1t Is unique and OF sur
passing value. Such ruby has oeen
found by a member of the Bengal
legislative council.
The natives consider it gift OF God
and the jewel assumes an Importance
that cannot be estimated in terms OF
cash. The stone is not large, but
inside the outer surface. deep down
behind a scarlet cloud. appears tiny
image of a man. dressed in white with
darkish brown face and deep brown
eyes. The man Is seen wearing a
white puggree part Of the national
dress of the Hindus) and the rest Of
his body is covered by deep folds of
a garment of silken white.
The more closely the gem is ex-
amined the more the image comes
out in detail. The ruby was sent to
the director of the geological depart
nlent in India. who pronounced il a
real ruby of high value. He could
not explain the portrait and 80 called
it freak Of nature without parallel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
MUSSOLINI THROWS OFF YOKE
OF SICILY'S NOTORIOUS MAFIA
Former U. S. Envoy Tells How Italian Premier
Repudated Unwelcomed Alliance, Freeing
Populace From Dreaded Invisible Power.

allegia nee the terrified farmers and
townsfolk.
In the battle for food" which Mus
solini has set on foot in order that
Italy may be self-sustaining, he has
now an effective ally in this one-time
province of the Saracens. Sicily's
100000 of inha bitants-;about
twelfth of the population of the king
dom-have heretofore produced about
an eighth of It's wheat Under the new
conditions of security and inspiration
they may now be depended on to in
crease this proportion substantially.
Thus they will contribute not only to
the salvation of themselves but of the
whole peninsula.
However shocking to our easy-go-
ing administration of law may appear
some of the methods Of 1taly's Ma
poleon 1t must be conceded, as recent
travellers testify. that he is working
wonders in the realiza ton of better
state of affairs for his country. One
knows not which 10 admire more
the ina gination that conceives. or
power that executes, such colossal re-
suits
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
LADY ASTOR NOTES PREJUDICE
AGAINST WOMEN In PUBLIC LIFE
Declares Feminine Sex Is Able to Cope Like Men
With Legislative Problems and Rejoices Over
Success Already Achieved

the last four years dealing with the
hetterment of women and children
than have ever been passed in two
generations heretofore. Remember
what short time it Is since we had
the vote and remember the apathy of
the ma jority of the people.
Doesn't Believe Life Is Mere Chance.
And yet we are progressing. Some
people think too fast. They are afraid.
am not afraid. Because | don't be
lieve that life Is char | don't be
lieve that it was chance that made
England fight for political freedom.
don't believe that the American War
not chance that made King John sign
the Magma Charta. 1t was the spirit
stirring in man.
What a desperate. fatalistic. hope.
less. helpless kind Of doctrine Is this
doctrine of chance. How different
from the doctrine Of Christ-which
says that the Kingdom Of God is with
in us. and 1t is ours to work out our
own salvation. | don't believe that
democracy is chance, but 1t will never
get a chance unless it is worked on
Christian lines. 1t is true that it is
far from perfect. but it Is far more
perfect lldH
Let's just look into the world to-
day. Do YOU believe it Is chance that
the English-speaking countries are the
only great countries in which democ
racy Ia succeeding today? Ia 1t chance
that democracy is succeeding only in
the countries where men have fought
and won religious and political lib
erty?
Democracy has failed in Spain and
Italy and Greece. 1t has not been
conspicuous success in France. 1t is
only just being tried in Germany. and
one prays that II will succeed. and as
for Russia, ii has never been tried
there
Democracy's very existence depends
on character, and character depends
on thinking for yourself. but not Of
yourself, and I believe that 1t Is wom-
en- who are going to make the world
safe for democracy-though uncom-
Portable for the machine Of democ-
racy.
Democracy must have a machine
I realize that-but what want to see
Is women avoiding any machine that
will turn them out according to the
pattern selected by party leaders, IL
in their own hearts they-the women
suspect that the pattern has been
selected to At party needs rather than
public good.
Machine Politician Ousted.
The machine politician doesn't like
women. They can't be counted on:
they are an unknown quantity, they
say. So it would seem that women
are still up to their old trick Of keep
ing men guessing. Well. it is better
to keep them guessing than to be led
blindly by them.
And women are not as uncertain
as some men would nave you think
For instance, no matter what else is
said about prohibition. you hear on
all sides that women Will never go
back on It. Surely they are showing
political stability and vision on that
subject. They are thinking Of a world
ahead-one which has oeen rid Of rum
runners and law breakers, in which
children can grow up with a reason
able chance of not knowing the evils
of drink. They are thinking.
Copyright. 1921
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
BY FRANK Fl. SIMONDS..

- ENEvA-There is perhaps no more
difficult task than to try to separate
the real from the apparent results of
~ the latest meeting Of the Assembly of
the League of Nations On the sur
face it must count as very great success for
itself, restoration in considerable part of the
prestige lost in the iasco of last March.
In very real sense the arrival of Germany
as a great power, admitted by unanimous vote.
indicat ties the close, not merely of the period of
the war, but of the period in which the psy-
i. choOgy of war continued to dominate national
appearance on the twelfth anniversary of the
year of the war. the close of the battle in which
Germany actually physically lost the war. the
beginning of new European page of history.
Yet if.one must recognize that both spec
tacle and date in history the seventh ses-
sion of the League is in sense brilliant cpl
Sode, none the less II was and rema ms true
that not a few of the most loyal member ma
tons whose interest in the League is both vital
smaller nations for whom the League is not
field for the play of national purposes, but
the best single guarantee of security. felt and
feel that this session marked the opening of
dangerous, perhaps even a reactionary period.
Actually the League found itself. after
brief hut not insignificant mt resistance In March,
compelled to accept. the bargain made by the
great powers for their own interests, with only
lip service to the League, to ratify the bestowal
Of seats within the Council of the League made
by interested great powe to necessary smaller
powers not Only without previous consent of
the League, but against It's deepest desire.
What has actually triumphed--at least for
the moment-in Geneva, has been not the spirit
of the League. the purpose of the League,
but a conception which has always been in
stinct in the phrase and idea. the concert f
Europe" The return OF Germany did not so
much add strength to the League itself AS in
sure that within the League the great powers
would henceforth continue their control of
Europe as they have carried 1t on In pre-war
times outside the League. In a word last
March represented the desperate IL hopeless eff
fort on the part Of the smaller nations within
the League to prevent the great powers using
the League, distributing it's important posts,
or creating posts within its organ iZation
to pay the costs Of their own agreements.
Locarno certainly very great step to-
ward peace in that it witnessed the ma king of
an agreement which promised, and still prom
ises, to fortify Franco German adjustment for
a long span Of years. 1t was a long step for
ward toward bestowing upon France the secur-
ity without which 1t was impossible to re-estab-
fish European stability. security, normallty.
But Locarno something else. The League
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
INCREASE OF FREIGHT TRAFFIC
INDICATES BUSINESS GAINS
Loadings for First Eight Months of 1926 Surpass
Those for Same Period of Any
Year on Record.

the lowest in five years. The grain
and grain products loadings have
exceeded any recent year excepting
1922.
The week ended September show
ed the highest revenue car loadlngs
of freight Of any week in any year
Railroad management is growing
in efficiency or these records could
not have leen set. The daily average
movement of cars Is 81 miles longer
than even last year. Cars are being
handled through terminals. loaded
and unloaded quicker. More use is
being made of locomotives. with a
reduction in fuel consumption at the
same time. Yet the railroads, on the
average, are not earning the 5.75 per
cent return on their investment fixed
by the Interstate Commerce Commits
sion as fair" Latest figures show
that for the first seven months this
year class 1 railroads had a return
at the annual rate Of sos per cent.
That the record movement of freight
this year means something to the
carriers. however is shown by the
fact that for the same period of 1928
the rate Of return was ass per cent
tCopyright. 1891
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
BY ROBT. UNDERWOOD JOHNSON,

Former American Ambassador to Italy.
When Mussolini became premier of
Italy and began the policy Of what
may be called ruthless enforcement
Of common sense, there were many
and these not only prophets of evil,
but his own partisans-who felt that
his crucial test was to come in his
dealing with the problem of the ST.
ella Malta.
For more than generation the
island had been in the political and
economic grasp of th3%-secret power,
an invisible kingdom, mysterious and
malign. that dominated not only cleo
tons but the everyday affairs Of
timid population. which after hun
dreds of years has not thrown off the
superstitions of the middle ages.
against the ku klux Khan is more
than moonlight to the black and sin
lister record of the Malta. Twenty
years ago a leading citizen of the
island told me that 1t was hopeless to
expect the release of it's strange hold
upon the peasants.
1t was the defender of criminals and
the intimidator of judges; 1t imposed
conditions on the cultivation and the
sale of farms: 1t controlled markets
and the security of the highways and
played with public order for it's own
occult purposes. issuing its baleful
and whimsical DEGREES anonymously.
To the peasant of Sicily, the terror
of Etna was not more profound or
constant. and for this cause that part
of Italy has long presented a case of
arrested development.
When Mussolini had made his
march of demonstration to Rome. the
Malta saw new era, and endeavored
to extend its operations by infiltra ton
into the ranks of the Fascist, and it
is doubtless to this element that are
due most Of the excuses that have
embarrassed the premier. In order TO
show that he repudiated the alliance.
he hunted out and arrested the most
prominent of the midnight conspira-
tors and organized a swift and sys-
tematic campaign against the order
AS in the case of the expulsion of the
bolshevists. 1t was a case of fighting
fire with fire, and his vigilantes have
succeeded In breaking up the vendetta
and with 1t the Malta itself by the
simple expedient of executing the
law, and thus bringing back to their
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
Earth's Radius Shorter.
Says German Professor

Prof. Leo Courvoisier of Germany
has published a theory according to
which the earth fattens on the side
which heads toward the nebular star
this planet may encounter some time
during the next million or so astro-
nomical years.
1t would seem that the constellat ton
Of which the earth Is part moves
toward Capella at the rate of 500 miles
second. Prof. Courvoisier declares
that he has measured the shortening
of the earth's radius from the fatten
ed side and found u % amount to
about 30 fee1.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
BY LADY NANCY LANGHORNE
ASTOR,
American born Member of the British
Parliament.


Women give me great cause for re-
ioicing. And I believe in time they
will make the world a place of far
more rejoicing than it is now.
Women have had the vote in Eng
land only eight years and only seven
in America. | have peen i'm Parlia-
ment seven years-and for three years
I was the only woman can't say de-
spised and rejected, but often sur
prised and detected. Surprise at our
legislators respect for prejudice and
detected at their subconscious preju-
dice against women in public life; but
they have acquitted themselves like
men and are almost cheerfully re-
signed to their fate. And yet when I
look back over my seven years in Par.
lament and think what changes the
vote has made in England. I am not
discoura ged. OF course, it wasn't the
fact of my being in Parliament that
made the change. The change was
made by the thinking women on the
outside. thinking with the vote.
We have passed more legisla alton in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19
G. o. p. SENATE CONTROL
MPERILED BY PRIMARIES
Fight Made Closer by Many Battles.
House Believed Safe for Republicans.
Vets Likely to Cain i'm Both Bodies.
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

TIME battle of the prima ries is
over. Republicans and Dem
ocrats are at last square
Il away for the race which Is to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19

Continued on Fourth Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19

WontIEueo on" FOURTH FaEe.j
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1926-09-19

bISEtSV WINK ntCeWtN.
Coal. coke and ore have been load
ed in larger quantities during the
first eight months of 1926 than In
any corresponding period. excepting
that of 1928. Forest products are
about equal TO the 1924 period. but
behind 1929 and 1925. The livestock
movement. has been tagging, being
Evening star., 1926-05-18
Treasury Will Use
Confiscated Still in
Purifying Water

The Treasury Department IS to
have a 5-gallown still in operation.
1t will not be used for its former
illegal purposes, but to purify water
for use in Government batteries.
This information was disclosed in
an order signed by Justice
frederick l.. Siddons of the District
Supreme Court on a motion of
United States Attorney Peyton
Gordon for the disposition of a
quantity of denatured alchol, the
still and other '.makings" of boot
leg whisky seized by prohibition
agents. The Treasury will also
get 274 gallons of denatured
alcohol.
A number of barrels, kegs and
other containers are to go to the
National Botanic Gardens for
gradening use. The National
Training school for boys
receives 1.1S5 pounds of sugar
The copper. brass and aluminium
accessories are to be turned over
to Mount Alto, Walter Reed and
Naval hospital. The Marine Corps
gets 1875 gallons of the alcohol,
while United States Marshal
Edgar c. Suyder is permitted to
keep so gallons of the fluid for use
of his own office.
Evening star., 1926-05-18
D. c. LEGAL ASSISTANTS
DUE FOR GENERAL SHIFT
Promotions Are Recommended as
Result of Resignation of
James C.. Wilkes.

\ shift in the personnel Of the cor
poration counSel'S staff of assistants
is expected to be made by the Com
misSionerS as result of the resigna-
tion of James G. Wilkes, fourth as
sistant corporation counsel and the
Districts legal expert on condemna-
ton.
Francis II. Stephens. corporation
counsel, has recommended promo
tions for all his assistants ranking
below Mr.. Wilkes, and the appoint
ment of new one. Paul j. SedgWick,
TO fill the vacancy.
Edward w. Thomas, fifth assistant,
will succeed to Mr.. Wilkes post.
Alex II. Bell, jr.. will succeed Mr..
Thomas. and Walter l.. Fowler Will
move up to Mr.. Bells present rank.
These three now are in the Police
Courts. Richmond b. Keech. repre-
senting the District before the Ju-
venile Court, will be moved up to
succeed Mr.. Fowler in Police Court.
and if Mr.. Sedgwick's appointment
is approved by the Commissioners,
he will be assigned to the Juvenile
Court.
Evening star., 1926-05-18
| NlCARAGUAN REBELS
ASK U. S. REVENUES
But Collector Refuses to Surrender
Customs Receipts on Which
America Has Lien,
BY the Associated Press.

| MANtAGUA, Nicaragua. May rs.
The revolutionary governor and
commission at Bluefields have called
upon W. j. Champion, American col
lectar of customs there, to deliver the
customs revenues to them. The cof'
iector refused and had requested pro
lection fol- himself and his staff
again.t the rebels taking over the
custonsholIse.
English bonds issued in 1909 have
first lien on the customs revenues.
The Nicarag uan guaranteed bonds of
1918. issued .by a commission appoint
ed by the state Department to adjust
Nicaragua's public debt also are guar.
anteed by surcharge on the Gus
toms revenues. Many bonds of the
1918 issue are held by Americans
Evening star., 1926-05-18
TWO GENERALS SHIFTED.

NEW YORK, May Is LP).--Maj, Gen.
James IT, McRaH, who has been in
command of the Philippine Depart
ment Of the United States Army for
the last two years, arrived yesterday
on the Red Star liner Pennland to
take charge Of the 9th Army Corps,
with headquarters at Presidio, Calf.
He was accompanied by Mrs. Nc
Rae.
Mai Gen. Fred w. Sladen. former
commandant of the Military Acad .
envy at West Point. has been as
signed to succeed Gen. McRae in
the Philippines.
Evening star., 1926-05-18

The greatest hope for Britain to
hope is that labor wasn't the only fac
ton to learn a lesson from the strike,
saws the Kansas City Star
Imperial Valley press., 1926-05-24
Brawley Man Is
In County Jail

J, II. Bradley, 53, Il meat cutter at
Brwlcy, is in the county Jail fac
irg a ch9rEe Of attempted murder,
following The shooting of his son-in-
law, G. r. Wallace, -, Saturday
night.
According to Bradlcy'S story he
was at work Saturday when mem
hcrS of his family told him that Wal
lace was beating Mrs. Wallace, Brad
ley hurried to the house and stated
he cautioned his Son-in ?law, who
made threats against him for inter
tcring. Bradley got his revolver md
rc-cntcred the room where Wallacc
was and declares the latter made 4
nave rs though to draw Il gun.
The elder man fired two shots,
both Of which took effect in the
chest and shoulder. Bradley was
placed under arrest and later was re
moved to the jail. According to re
port from Brawlcy hospital to which
Wallace was removed, the latter 5
injuries are not expected to prove
fatal.