davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25

90 to swell the sum of idleness out
side.
There is much justifiable idleness,
Of course. Looking over our country,
we see millions of children in school I;
their leisure and education are made
possible by the fact that men are at
work. Likewise with the aged and in
firm. But there is unjustifiable idle,
ness, and that, too, is supported by
men at work.
A business should pay everybody
connected with it, and for every ele-
ment used in it. 1t should pay for
managerial brains, productive ability,
contributive 1abor-but it should also
pay the public whose patronage sup
ports it. A business that does not
make profit for the buyer of com.
modify, as well as for the seller, is
not good business. II man is not
better off for buying than he would be
if he had kept his money in his pocket,
there is something wrong. Buyer and
seller must both be Weather in some
way as a result of transaction, else
the balance is broken. Pile up these
breaks long enough, and upset the
world. We have yet to learn the anti
social nature of every business trans
action that is not just and profitable
all around.
WHAT SURPLUS DOES.
The business itself, the organized en-
tity that engages in production or SER
vice, needs profit or a surplus to
keep its vitality a little in advance Of
the drain upon it. This surplus is to
prevent depletion under extraordinary
strain, also to permit of expansion.
Growth is necessary to life, and
growth requires a surplus.
This statement is made of the bust
ness-not Of the owner or director of
the business. He is paid, like any
other worker, out of the costs of the
business. The profit belongs to the
business--to safeguard the business in
its task of giving service and to per-
nit natural growth. The main consid-
GRAFTON is the Business-this entity
that gives employment to producers
and gives useful commodities or need.
ed service to the public.
The principle of service requires
that profits be measured only by legi'
innate replacement and necessary ex-
pansion. Those are the limits-flex-
ible limits, but still limits. Some.
times one hears a complaint against
expansion as though it were poten-
tally dangerous. II expansion is I'M
dertaken in the interest Of service
quite the opposite is the case, as has
been shown in a previous chapter.
One need fear only the business which
is not growing, for it is not rendering
service.
IS PLANTS IN ALL.
Now, take our own company. How
have we used our profits? What have
we done with the public's money?
What has been our stewardshipp
Since 1922. when my Life and
Work" was written, we have more
than doubled our productive capacity
for cars and tractors. We are max
ing hardly a single part in the same
way or of precisely the same material
as we made it then. We have, step
by step, gone back to primary bust
ness, and in no other business. Every
thing that we do gets back to the mo-
tor.
With the Ford Motor company of
Canada, there are now a total Of IS
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25

by its confidence. We could have no
right to charge the public with inter
est on its own money.
There are, however, profits and
profits. Profits may be stupidity fixed
and stupidity used. If so. they destroy
their source and vanish. A business
which charges too high a profit dis
appears about as quickly as one that
operates at a loss.
LOSS IN ERROR.
However useful the commodity one
may make, if it is produced and sold
at loss, its production ceases. There
is nothing in quality of goods or quail
ity of service that can overcome the
economic error Of selling at a loss.
Profit is essential to business vitality.
In proportion as business increases,
the cost Of production decreases. A
slack shop is costlier to maintain than
busy shop. The duty Of every mans
ager Of industry is to encourage bust
ness by making it easy for people to
obtain what they need at a price they
can afford.
A new revival Of confidence and
energy in the nation should be met
halfway by a decrease in prices, a
decrease that is in line with the de-
crease in cost. To hold up prices is
to tax the people more heavily than
even government could. Good man
agement pays dividends in good wages,
lower prices and more business it is
very bad management that can see in
revival of national ambition only an
opportunity to lay heavier burdens on
the spirit of enterprise.
RUINOUs CUPIDITY.
This ought to be self-evident. No
one who gets rich quickly stays rich.
Going into business just to get rich is
waste Of effort. We do have a type
of business whose only objective is the
swelling Of someone's personal for
tune. A business which exists TO mako
one man or one family rich and
whose existence is Of no moment when
this is achieved, is not solidly found
ed. Indeed, cupidity will usually force
such decreases in the quality of goods,
such curtailments Of service and such
arbitrary charges to the public that
the business will fade long before it
has contributed to anybody's fortune.
SHOULD PAY PUBLIC.
The motive to profit has various
phases. One organization must have
profit to pay the demand of those per-
sons who have invested in the bust
ness, but who have no hand in Its
operation. They are absentee divi-
lend-takers. What goes to them does
not strengthen the business, but is
taken out of the business and may
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25

automoDlle. VI the plants IN tps
United States "a are exclusively manu-
featuring plants and 80 are assembling
or partly manufacturing and partly as.
sembling.
WORLD is COVERED.
Our chief manufacturing plants
abroad are at Cork, ireland, and Man
chester, England. We have assembly
plants, some of which do or will do a
little manufacturing, at Antwerp, Bar
celonia, Bordeaux, Buenos Aires, CO.
penhsgen, Montevideo, Pernambuco,
Rotterdam, Santiago (Chile), Sac Pau
10, Stockholm, Trieste, Berlin, Mexico
City, Yokohama and Havana,
The Ford Mortor company of Cana
da has plants or branches at Ford,
Ontario, Calgary, Montreal, Regina,
st. Johns, Toronto, Vancouver. Winni-
peg, Port Elizabeth, South Africa,
Geelong, Australia. The affiliated com
panies are Ford Motor company, Aus
tralia; Proprietary, Ltd, Manufactur-
ing and Sales Branches, Geelong,
Brisbane, Adelaide, Sydney, and
Perth, Australia, and Hobart, Tas-
mania; Ford Manufacturing company,
Proprietary Ltd, Port Elizabeth.
Our plants in the United States are
at Banner Fork, Dearborn, Duluth,
Flat Rock, Glassmere, Green Island,
Hamilton, Highland Park, Holden,
Clayton, Iron Mountain, L'Anse, Lin
coin, Worthwhile, Nuttallburg, Pequam-
ing, Phoenix, Plymouth, Rouge, Stone,
Twin Branch, Kearny, Waterford,
Ypsilanti and Chester.
AFFILIATED BUSINESSES.
The branches are at Atlanta. Buff
falo, Cambridge, Charlotte, Chicago,
Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, DIAL
las, Denver. Des Moines, Detroit, Far
90, Houston. indianapolis, Jackson
vile, Kansas City, Los Angeles,
Louisville, Memphis. Milwaukee, Twin
City, New Orleans, New York, Nor
folk, Kearney, Oklahoma City, Oma-
ha, Philadelphia. Pittsburgh, Port
land, Ore. st. Louis, Salt Lake City,
San Francisco, Seattle and Washing
ton, d. G..
We are in the following lines of
business, every one of which grows
out of the making Of motors: coal
mining, coke manufacture. by-products
manufacture, lead mining, iron min
ing, foundry, steel manufacture, tool
making, machinery manufacture, car
truck and tractor manufacture, glass
manufacture. artificial leather, cop
per wire, Fordite, textiles, batteries
and generators, paper, cement, auto
MOBILIZE bodies. Johanssen cages, cleo.
trio power, filtered water, flour, mo-
ton pictures, hospital, farming and
stock raising, radio, printing, photog-
raphy, forging. flax growing, steam
turbines, electric locomotives, logging,
saw mills, body parts, dry kilns, wood
distillation. products of hydro-electric
power, grocery stores, shoe stores,
clothing stores, butcher shops, rail
roads, educational, ocean transporta-
ton, tractors and automobiles.
WE BUY ON COST"
This rather extensive program,
which has to do both with produc-
ton and distribution, has been carried
through because the public has found
our products useful, and no step has
been taken excepting in the interests
of the public and wage earners. We
have built nothing for the sake of
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25
Manufacturer Describes Varied Enter
prises Created by Surplus
On Automobiles
CHAPTER w.
By HENRY FORD
In Collaboration with Samuel Crowther.
Are Profits Wrong?

Are Profits WrOngF
asst year the Ford industries paid directly in wages
about two hundred and fifty million dollars; pur-
- chases probably responsible for the payment
of about five hundred million dollars more in wages SER
stations and dealers paid about two hundred and fifty
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25
NOW HAS HER JOB.

Comic or sad, they have disap-
peared, and in their place we have
the woman Of today who doesn't mar.
ry because she doesn't want TO marry.
She has her job or profession, her
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25
MARRIAGE NO FEAT.

For there is nothing essentially ad
mirable about the business of falling
in love and marrying. 1t is a blind,
vain, ill-considered affair; nine times
out Of ten, as Nature meant it to be.
Nature knows full well that hard.
common sense and long engagements
and statistics and consideration don't
make for the continuation of the race.
And so she throws gold-dust into the
eyes Of giggling little girl Of 20 and
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25
Mines, Glass Factory and Even Rail
road Operated to Pay Back
Money of Public

~ nave art around-iaiS too expeh.
the same men who worked off and :,
IN the quarry before, but they arc Az.
ierent men under the six-dolIsr.a.d,v
wage and steady work. Tbev a.
nearly all skilled laborers, for VIC b,r.
arranged that nearly no skill need h.
used IN any job; but they are not
Sniftiess. They stay on the ;ob ,ha-
work. they invest, and a number !,
'nem have moved out of the old sbsck,
'ney used to live in and are bu;,a;,n
real homes. And the man effective
ness under the new method is. we have
oeen told, about double what u w,,
under the old methods. Our cost, ~
production are very low. indeed %,
nearly all the work is done BY ma.
chinery. ma
Inc holes are sunk BY batterv ~
rock drills. Holes are charged r;,h
dynamite, which blasts off large ouan.
titles OF sand rock. The rock il
Scooped up, put into small steel ears
oy steam shovels, and hauled BY trac.
tors fitted with steel wheels to m.
crushing plant. There the stona 70
crushed, siftcd the requisite number Of
umes to get the purity required for
glass making and finally flows through
pipes by gravity into the cars which
take it to the Glassmere plant.
PREVENTING DUST
And one more thing-this quarry
is clean and the crushing plant is
clean. That is another of our absolute
rules-every operation must be cleanIr
performed, and IL some Of the ma.
chimes tend to create dust-nnd crush
ers do-then they must be made tight
and apparatus provided for taking
away dust. 1t is not right to expose
men to dust, nor is it right to put
layer of dust over the surrounding
country and spoil its trees and plants.
In order to have an independent
supply of iron ore to save Transports
ton. we bought the Imperial Mine at
Michigamme, so miles north of Iron
Mountain, which is the center of our
numbering interests.
The mine had not been producing
for ten years, but we considered il a
good mine and right in the line Of our
transport, so tat there would be no
waste in useless handling. This was
our first venture in iron mining. but
VIC followed our usual practice in put
ting at the head of the job man who
had thoroughly learned our methods
and policies.
A DIRTLEsS MINE.
The first job was to clean up-that
is ALWAYS the first Thin, To do u, o.lo-
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25

does not reduce costs-it increases
them. The only way to get a low-cost
product is to pay a high price for a
high-grade of human service and to
see to it through management that
you get that service. We have had
many experiences such as that with
the body maker, and we believe that
our policy is in the line Of public
service.
The most important basic develop
ments have been in the use of more
and more power, both from coal and
from water. until now, with the COM
pletion of the River Rouge power sta
tion, We shall haH a unit producing
half million horse power--of which
more in later chapter. All our opcr-
atoms get back to the provision of
power.
The other developments Of moment
have been the coal and iron mines and
the lumber camps, the extension of the
River Rouge plant as a converter of
raw materials and waste. the building
of laboratory at Dearborn, the tax
ing over of the Lincoln Motor Car
company, the extension of lake, ocean,
land and air transport, the building
of new plants throughout the country
and the world, and the going into the
manufacture Of glass, cement, flax, ar
tificial leather. and number of chem
ical compounds.
EMERGENCY MEASURES.
But the necessity for all Of these
extensions into other lines is shown
by the fact that of our by-products
only two are sold outside Of the
company. All the others fit in some
where into manufacture. For in
stance, we make cement from Stag, but
we have not been able to produce
enough cement for even our own build
ing needs.
The two products which we have in
part to sell outside are ammonium sui
plate (Which is sold easily in the
amount that We produce for fertiliEer)
and benzol. We can use deal Of the
benzol in the company motor-car trans
port, but not all, and hence we have
to sell some of it on the outside as a
motor fuel. The demand for this ben
zol is so much greater than our supply
that the sales problem amounts to
nothing at all. Eighty-eisht stations
now sell our benzol, and it is used
quite extensively in airplanes. We do
sell coal as a return cargo on our
Great Lakes ships through part of the
year, but this is just an aside to lessen
the cost Of transport.
Some of our extensions have been
emergency measures. For instance,
the making of glass. The automobile
changed very quickly from an open
summer vehicle to a closed year-round
means of transportation, but few know
what a strain this put upon the glass
making facilities of the country. We
use about one-quarter of all the plate
glass produced in the United States.
BUYS GLASS PLANT.
But glass was getting scarce, and
so we went out and bought the plant
and equipment of the Allegheny, near
Pittsburgh, which had a reputation for
turning out first-class plate. At the
time of our purchase three years ago,
it was making 100000 square feet of
glass a year, and 30 per cent of its
output was not fit for motor car use.
Now, with only a small amount OF ad-
machinery and using most of
tho old machinery and tho old staff of
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25

plants, of which 60 are in the United
States and IS in foreign countries. No
one plant anywhere makes complete
automobile. OF the plants in the
United States "a are exclusively manu-
featuring plants and SO are assembling
or partly manufacturing and partly as
sembling.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25
WHAT SHE ENVIEs.

The hard moments for Mary come
when, on an April afternoon, she
drives her little car down into the
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25
WE BUY ON COST"

This rather extensive program,
which has to do both with produc-
ton and distribution, has been carried
through because the public has found
our products useful, and no step has
been taken excepting in the interests
of the public and wage earners. We
have built nothing for the sake of
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1926-04-25

Copyright, 1896, by the Bell Syn. Inc.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
SCREAMS SCARE HIM

Mrs. Evelyn Ehlers, $40 Economy
ST., told police that she was walking
along e. St. Clair St., in the 900
block, Tuesday night, when white
man, well dressed. accosted her and
took hold of her arm. She said when
she screamed he ran.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
Best Way to Loosen
Stubborn Cough
This homemade remedy IL a wonder
for quick results. Easily and
cheaply made.

Here is a homemade syrup which
millions of people have found to be
the most dependable means of break
ing up stubborn coughs. 1t is cheap
and simple. but very prompt in &C
ticn. Under it's healing, soothing in
fiIence, chest soreness goes, phlegm
locsens, breathing becomes easier,
tickling in throat stops and you get
a good nights restful sleep. The
usual throat and chest colds are con-
quered by it in "a hours or less.
Nothing better for bronchitis, hoarse-
ness Group, throat tickle, bronchial
asthma, or winter coughs.
To make this splendid cough syrup,
pour 212 ounces of Pinex into a pint
bottle and fill the bottle with plain
granulated sugar syrup and shake
thoroughly. If you prefer, use clari-
fed molasses, honey, or corn syrup,
instead of sugar syrup. Either way
you get a full pint-a family supply
of much better cough syrup than
you could buy ready-made for three
times the money. Keeps perfectly
and children love it's pleasant taste,
Pinex is special and highly con-
centrated compound of genuine Nor
way pine extract, known the world
over for it's prompt healing effect
upon the membranes.
To avoid disappointment, ask your
druggist for "2h ounces of Pinex"
with full directions, and don't accept
anything else. Guaranteed to give
absolute satisfaction or money
promptly refunded. The Pinex Co..
Ft. Wayne, Ind.
1xra xsft
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
Eat Anything
Without Fear

You don't need to worry about what
you eat when you take Baalinann's Gas
Tablets. Just forget all your diet rules
and enjoy the foods that appeal TO your
appetite. You'll be amazed at the way
your stomach seems to digest every
thing without talking back" Further
more, you should soon be forever rid of
those awful gas attacks that interfere
with your heart disturb your sleep and
give you that all-gone gnawing feeling
in the stomach.
There's nothing like Baalmann's Gas
Tablets for the relief or prevention Of
stomach gas. They invigorate the
weak, lifeless nerves and glands which
control digestion, thus helping to re-
move the cause Of all distress. Take
them at meal time and see what diff
ference Sold by leading druggists
throughout America You get gem
erous package for 81. Always on hand
at Hook Drug Co and other good drug
stores Mail orders accepted. j. Baal-
mann, Chemist, San Francisco.-Adver-
tisement
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
Puzzle a Day

Every season finer and more ex-
pensive motion pictures are pro-
duced. But the country at large
hears Of the unusual picture a
long time before it is permitted to
see it, This is because the distribu-
tors place a high value upon the
prestige the picture receives from
long, exclusive Broadway run. The
letters above spell the name of one
Of these super-films. Can you dis
cover which one it is?
Last puzzle answer:
The smallest number of papers
each boy could have left is one.
One is one-sixth of 6. Since there
were ten apartment houses, each
boy must have carried ten times six
papers, plus one, or sixty-one papers.
Both bags contained twice that, or
122 papers.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
MAMMOTH FARM
MARKETING PLAN
IS ANNOUNCED
Illinois Man Also Offers to
Buy 100000 Bushels
of Corn at ST.
Rn rnited Presa

BIZ United Press
BLOOMINGTON, ILL.,, Jan. 2O.-
Corn growers of the Middle West
were given the chance to day to
! dispose Of their surplus corn stocks
at 81 bushel--any amount Of 1t
up to 10000, 900 bushels.
Matthew B. Wells, local grain
dealer, made the offer in Chicago
Tuesday and has returned TO his
desk here ready to sign contracts
with farmers. His only stipulations
are that the corn must grade as
number 2 or number 3 white or vel
low and must be f. o. b. in Chicago
during May, June, July or August.
His price is 13 cents higher than the
existing price on the Chicago Board
Of Trade.
Wells also revealed that organiza'
ton Of mammoth farmers market.
ing corporation had been started
The company will have capital
stock Of 5000, 900 000-half of which
he says has been subscribed-and
will have working fund of $780,,
100000 Stock is being sold at SOC
a share,
Plans for the organization, which
are said to have the sanction of Sec
rotary Of Agriculture Jardine and OF
Secretary Hoover, call for the pur'
chase Of vast elevator facilities in
Chicago and other primary market
Ncenters. The company will be oper
ated, Wells said, under the Federal
laws on the principle Of a bank.
Most Of the stock is to be offered
to dirt farmers" but the general
public will be invited to subscribe,
Wells said.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
WOMAN is WINNER

BN United Press
GREENFIELD, Ind, Jan. 20
Mans prominence in another voca-
ton was threatened today. Mrs.
Horace Binford, a farmers wife,
took sixth prize in the Hancock,
County hog calling contest.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
PAGEANT TO BE GIVEN
Children Of Indianapolis Turner's
Classes Will Entertain.

A Pageant of Health" is the
theme for a demonstration Of physi-
cal education activities to be given
by the children of the Indianapolis
Turner's classes at the Athenaeum
Thursday evening. Various phases
of child's daily life will be shown.
Students of the Normal College of
Physical Education also will appear
on the program.
Music will be furnished by the
Manual Training High School or
chestra, directed by Harold Winslow.
The physical education school of the
indianapolis Turner's Association is
directed by Emil Rath, who is assist
ed by Clara Ledig and August
Auernheimer.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
Gone, but Not Forgotten

Automobiles reported stolen to po-
lice belong to:
Fred White, 249 e. Minnesota ST.,
Chevrolet, from Senate Ave. and
Washington st.
Norman Gibbs, haywood, Over.
land, 555-565, from 131 S. Harding st,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
BACK HOME AGAIN

Automobiles reported found by po-
lice belong to:
l.. ]. White, 1852 Spann Ave,
Chevrolet, found at Senate Ave. and
Ohio st.
Chevrolet touring car, found at
Indiana Ave. and Rembrandt St.,
bearing license 597-247.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
HESS FUNERAL PLANNED

MARION, Ind, Jan. 20.--Arrange-
,ments are being made today for the
funeral of Luther Hess, 81. Marion
factory owner, who died here Tues,
day.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
PRICE CHART MADE
Utility Material Costs Set Forth by
Commission Engineer.

Slightest. decline in the prices Of
materials used by utilities than of
other commodities is shown in a
chart compiled by Earl L. Carter,
chief engineer Of the public service
commission, preparatory to establish
ment Of 1925 price levels.
Copper wire is the only public
utility material costing less in 1925
than in 1913, Carter said. Carriers
figures will be used in valuation
work.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1926-01-20
FIVE CIVIC CLUBS

Bu United Press
NEWCASTLE, Ind, Jan. 20,S-
Newcastle's fifth civicb club will
come into tbs own Thursday, when
a charter is presented the newly
organized Lions Club here, it was
announced today.