Nogales international., 1926-07-25

up the horizon of the frigid north !, ,oa o
ast 70 tne Sloo OF the eskimo equipped with COM
plee radio outfit that those remained st tbe hase
while Lieutenant Byrd made his thrilling dash TO the
Pole In his speeding Fokker might keep in touch with
their chief and the outside world which they kept in
formed as to the progress and Of the fight
1t was to this home that he returned ef+er h,s
hazardous trip and from which of the first mes
sages Were sent to the waiting public, telling them
through the lanes Of the that Byrd had circed tbn
pole three times and had returned to his Spitzbereen
nome IN safey adding Of the most memorable pages
10 the history OF Arctic exploration.
Sugar Cane Fights Polar North
When Lieutenant Byrd left the Brooklyn Navy Yard
the ship Chantier he declared he best and
scientifically equipped expedition that started
for the North Pole. Special plans made for the
erection Of his Arctic home Boards Of insulating
lumber made from bagasse (sugar after all
juices have been extracted) were along
with the latest inventions to aid In polar exploration
This building material Is very Light and is filed with
millions Of air cells which give it great value
and resistance to change In temperature especially
severe cold One odd circumstance in connection with
the Of this material Is that the sugar cane
south utilized to fight the cold of the north
Celotex was selected instead of lumber because
made by the United States Bureau of Standards and
its universal In building construction all over the
world had demonstrated that this insulating lumber
would keep the quarters of the explorers and
protect their living conditions securely than ordi
nary building material
1t only after careful investigation by the scientific
in the expedition that celoex selected These
authorities pointed out that the protection by
its insulation efficiency three times great ordi
nary lumber and nearly twelve times great
Of brick and other masonry material The ship Chantier
also was lined with celotex added precauton to
keep the ship while the explorers used it in the
preliminary stages Of the expedition
In practically every other way this expedition was
more scientifically prepared than any Of its predeces
These included inventions Of Commander Byrd
himself simple compass conceived by Byrd and
developed by Mr. Bumstead the National Geographic
Society superseded the complicated German Device de
veloped three years ago for Amundsen The drift In
dicator also Byrds invention The bubble sextant
by which the navigator obtains his bearings while In
flight another of his inventions Still another
scentc development quick method of telling when
ona Is at the North Pole. This has been worked out
BY G. W. Lttlehaes, the navys photographic engineer
Dovics Locates shs Pole
Byrd and others contributed to chart Of the mag
netic lines flowing toward the magnetic North Pole
which 10 in Boltha Land 1900 miles south Pole
Between Boltha Land and the Pole the campass poinrs
south instead Of north and over much Of the Arctic
it badly disturbed by the discrepancy position be-
the geographical North Pole and the magnetic
North Pole
This chart of the magnetic lines flowing to the mag
nec North Poe although 1t far from complete,
such to enable the navigator to tell in direction
the compass should point from any spot in the Arctic
with this knowledge, the erratic behavior of the
pass becomes orderly and it is again useful nsru
ment.
third type Of compass used was a device of infinite
sensitiveness-a revolving electrical COIL which is
1usted given relation with the magnetism the
earth This the compass and the magnetic COM
pass were each used to correct the other.
Lieutenant Byrd in his flight used quick method Of
telling when he actually at the Pole This was the
invention worked out by Mr.. LAttlehales the u S.
Navy photographic engineer shows the suns posi-
1On from the North Pole at every hour the day
every day of the year. When the flyer Is near the Pole
he can by ascertaning the position Vt the sum-
rrove that he Is the Pole
Flies 5000 Miles Over Arctic
The expedition, backed by such men as John D.
Rockefeller, Jr and Theodore Roosevelt IT, had three
main 0bjecta