davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1926-10-10

customary to regard them as mon
archists; whence it was reckoned that
SIS per cent of the Reichstag Including
the Communists, not pro-monarchy, or
course. but anti-republic) were un-
friendly to the republic. Now a large
majority of the Reischstag are COM
mitted to the republic; a fact to re-
assure and conciliate the French. No
doubt popular sentiment in Germany
fairly corresponds to the Relschstag
division.
Has there been any other recent de-
velopment strongly making for reall-
zation of the Thoiry program? Not
absolutely, but the latest dispatches
indicate considerable betterment OF
the prospect of development which
precondition of important progress to-
ward such realization. / refer, OF
course, to the prospect of ratiflca-
tion of the Berenger treaty. 1t is
intimated that, after sounding out
sentiment among the people and
among members of Parliament. Poin-
care has resolved to ask Parliament
to take action on the Berenger agree
ment on it's reassembling late in Oc-
tober, and that he is opposed to any
alterations of or additions to the text
anu W lOl llldL ICoSL NdIAOIlSy but " HI
not stand out against preamble to
the resolution of ratification setting
forth, say, the hope that the debt
will never be commercfalized, and
that should transfer of payments due
threaten to have a seriously depreSS-
ing effect on French exchange, or
should Germany default. the United
States would show indulgence,
statement, that is, that should save
the face Of Messieurs Marin, Frank
hn-Boullon, Tardieu, ETC.. yet not
prejudice ratification by the United
States Senate. The wording of such
a statement would obviously be an
affair of extreme delicacy. but there
seems to be substantial ground for
hope that the curiously difficult busi-
ness of FranCo-American debt agree
ment will ere long be consummated.
I spoke of ratification of the Ber-
enger agreement as a precondition of
important progress toward realiza-
ton of the Thoiry program. Accord
ing to my analysis. which is only
provisional (for the literature of the
subject, though vast, is vague), the
outstanding feature of the Thoiry pro-
gram, roughly stated, calls for the
following:
On one side, release of Germany
as rapidly as possible from her re-
naming servitudes under the Yer
sailles treaty, and the definite fixing
of the reparations total at sum far
below any previously suggested.
On the other, the speeding up of
payment of the reduced total through
marketing of the German railway
and industrial debentures. of the
total face value of 10000, 100000 gold
marks ($4,000,000 ,000), now held by
the agent general for reparations as
security for reparations payments
the proceeds to go to Germany's war
creditors.
Now the marketing of so vast a
sum of bonds would have to be spread
over a number of years; absorption of
the greater part by the New York
market would have to be supposed.
and the latter would needs presuppose
the blessing of Washington upon the
operation.
The optimists see the following:
Ratification of the Berenger agree
ment by the French Parliament, rati-
fication of same by the United States
Evening star., 1926-10-10
Horsepower New Goal of Germany,
Replacing Monarchist Faith in Army
Continued from First Page.)

Continued from First Page)
no German public man has been as
strong at home as the present for
eign minister.
Despite stories frequently seen in
the press and the sometimes absurd
utterances of old soldiers and extreme
monarchists, there is no influential
group in any party which desires to
fight the war over again, which is
chauvinistic in the old sense.
Risk of Daring Move.
At this time the two main groups
of parties are so equally balanced
and the mass of the German people
so completely resolved upon peace,
that it would be suicide for either to
adopt or favor disturbing methods. If
big business sought with the aid of
the old monarchists to, revive old
methods and ideas, both would lose
control to men who would not alone
bring in peaceful ideas. but also radi-
cal domestic programs, which would
spell financial disaster for business.
The Tact is, / believe, that after a
period of storm and stress, Germany
has found state Of balance which
on the whole about fits her condition
and her desires. She is republican.
but she is conservative, she is peace.
full. but on the whole not ready to fling
herself into far-reaching social re.
forms. She depends upon her eco.
nomic radicals to preserve the repub.
lie against any monarchist effort. but
she is enlisting her monarchists to re.
strain her radicals from any Moscow
experiment.
One profoundly important element
in the German comeback Is the ac-
QUESTION OF the political structure
which suits the nation. This phase
Of the business Of reconstruction has
been disposed Of. it no longer involves
worry. Government Is in competent
hands, the machine is working nor.
mally. the great explosive period of
politics. domestic politics. is over. The
constitution may and probably will
be amended in the direction Of in.
creasing the power Of the executive.
But this is incidental. Business now
feels itself free to concentrate its
attention upon business. politics no
longer constitutes menace. The work
ing man, on the other hand. is not
too unhappy or too miserable. His
condition Is difficult, there is much
unemployment andA the dole Is small,
but, ON the whole, he has hope, he
Is not bitter at his employers and he
is not thinking OF striking.
In a word, Germany has liquidated
Evening star., 1926-10-10
u. S. FAST LEARNING ITS PART
In ROLE OF CREDITOR NATION

taxation here is steadily tightening.
Had less courageous and wise at
titude regarding our Government
financing been undertaken after the
war the United States would by no
means be in the sound financial con-
dition which it at present enjoys.
Yet the role of creditor nation is
still very new to us, nor have we had
time to learn much about it, in the in
tense haste and pressure of the past
unprecedented 10 years. So far 'as
sound foreign securities can be f1oated
and sold in the United States, the
process should serve to facilitate the
Composure of the difficult financial
problems Of many European govern
ments, to provide European industries
with much equipment and materials,
and serve to restore in Europe as sat
isfactury conditions to the average
man-and perhaps in time even more
satisfactory conditionS-than those
which obtained before 1914. 1t is par
ticularly necessary, | feel, for America
to benefit in this work by the longer
and ampler experience of the creditor
nations of Europe--particularl of
course. that of Great Britain.
Already there has been extensive in
vestment by small American investors
in foreign government bonds. which
has proved a very constructive and
stabiliZing factor to Continental ma
tions. In the United States our large
Government war loan f1otations tre-
mendously broadened the investing
public by creating a new class of
security buyers. These new investors
need the maximum protection which
organized finance can throw about
them, and in the United States much
financial technique of a new order is
needed to further such policy. The
American investor has already ceased
to be a supporter only of the Amer
lean Government and American bust
ness enterprise. Properly led and
properly safeguarded in his invest
ments, he can exert an even wider
and more constructive influence in the
restoration of economic prosperity
abroad.
tCopyriEht. 1920
Evening star., 1926-10-10
BY GEN. HENRY T. ALLEN.

BY GEN. HENRY T. ALLEN.
Commander of the American Army on the
Rhine.
Since the revolution of November
19, 1918. few days in Germany have
been more hectic than that on which
the recent referendum vote for the
Conf1Scation of the royal estates took
place. The clamor by the Commu
nists. Socialists and most of the
Democrats and CentralS for the eX-
preparation of the landed properties
Of four kings and of four times as
many grand dukes. dukes and princes
vas manifested by the fact that three
times the number of signatures re-
quired for holding a referendum was
obtained. The estimated value of
the property that the 100000 petit
tioners wanted surrendered to the
state is $3.50. 100000.
The text of the referendum, on
which the Germans cast their votes,
stated: THE German people, through
popular initiative and referendum.
decree the following law-The entire
fortune of the princes who have
ruled in any of the German states
until the revolution OF 1918, as well
as the entire fortune of the princely
houses, their families and family
members, are contiscated without
compensation in the interest of the
general welfare. The conflscated
property is to be used to aid the
unemployed, the war fnVandS ana
the war widows and orphans. those
dependent upon the public, the
needy victims of imitation. the agri-
cultural laborers. etc 1t would be
needless to comment on the inf1u-
ence that such distribution of the
proceeds would have on a very large
number Of voters.
AS a result of the voting about
$4,000, 900 approved the confscation,
Evening star., 1926-10-10
University of Hawaii
Aided by Rockefeller

Announcement has been made that
the Rockefeller Foundation has given
the University Of Hawaii up to $50, 900
a year for period Of five years. The
fund is "for research in the biological,
mental and social characteristics of
the peoples Of Hawaii" Thus Hawaii,
known as the melting pot of the Pa
cif1c," becomes. too, the laboratory for
the study Of Pacific peoples, for nearly
every race around this great ocean is
represented in the elements being
fused in this melting pot" The gift
followed the visit there a few months
ago of Edwin r. Embree, director Of
the division of studies Of the founda-
ton. Mr.. Embree's several visits to
Hawaii and frequent contacts with
some Of Hawaii's resident scientists
convinced him that studies might be
made there not merely of importance
to the Pacific but to the entiSe world.
Evening star., 1926-10-10

Senate, France and Germany there
upon standing arm in arm, impress
sively pledging permanent friendship
and cooperation and appealing 10
the great republic across the water
for its blessing on the Thoiry idea.
OF course, the obstacles confronting
realization Of the idea are many and
most formidable; but the idea seems
sound enough, assuming American
cordiality and with the important
reservation that the marketing OF the
bonds might have to be a great deal
more gradual than the two gentle
men, eating their trout and slipping
the good vintage Of Thoiry. foresaw
on that beatific occasion.
1t seems to be a fair inference from
reports that the Thoiry dumvirate
contemplated remaining reparations
total of $4,000.000 900: the difference
between the proceeds of the bond
marketing and this total to be made
up by reparation payments, old style,
and that they contemplated abolish
ment of the remaining German servi-
tudes in general correspondence with
debt liquidation under the new ar
rangement.
Germany.-Gen. Won Seeckt has re-
signed as "chief of the army COM
mand" and though much against the
grain for the general is an eXtraordf-
narily able soldier and has made the
reiSchwehr what it is, an organization
Of extraordinary efficiency. President
Hindenburg has accepted the resigna-
ton. 1t seems that the general weak
ly gave his consent to the participa'
ton of young William Hohenzollern.
son of the ex-Crown Prince, in the
army maneuvers of last month. Min
lister of Defense Gester learned of the
business through ferocious comment
in the Socialist press, and properly re-
quired that the general should lose
his official head for a blunder worse
than a crime.
The German balance of trade for
1925 was unfavorable by the equiva-
lent of $500, 100000. For the first half
of 1926 the balance was favorable by
S125 900 900.
L Xxx X X
MiscellaneOus.-The quarterly re-
view published by the Swedish
Board of Trade exhibits economic
conditions in Sweden for the first
half of this calendar year in a very
happy light. Very true, in applica-
ton to the Scandinavian countries. Is
the proverbial saying: Happy the
people whose annals are uninterest-
ing"
The Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats
and Slovenes has made her debut as
naval power. The first vessel of
the new navy. 3.000-ton armed
cruiser named the Dalmatia, arrived
the other day in the harbor of Spa
lato. coming from Wilhelmshaven,
where she was built.
Little news from Greece, but that
little happily indicating that Greece
is really getting back to normal.
Little news from Poland beyond
the fact that Marshal Pilsudski sue
ceeded in forming a cabinet.
The news from China does not bulk
sufficiently to call for much notice.
Apparently a decisive struggle be-
tween Sun Chuan Feng. super tuchun
of the four Clover Yangtsze" prov
inces, and Chang Kai Shek, COM
mander of the south China forces, i'm
pends. Sun has won some minor sue
cesses.
Evening star., 1926-10-10
VETERAN SEES FRENCH PEOPLE
AS FRIENDLY TOWARD AMERICA
u. S. Citizens Can Afford to Be Patient He Says and
Best Policy Is to Ignore Evidences of Irritation,
Should They Appear.

very helpful in grave emergencies.
This condition is not confined to
France.
Discusses Debt Pact.
The question of the debt settle
ment affects the French vitality. The
government which negotiated the
Mellon-Berengera agreement has passed
out Of office, in our own Congress
there was considerable debate prior
to ratification. Varying phases of
public opinion had to be considered.
The same is true on the other side
of the water. AS one Frenchman put
it to me: "Our situation closely ap-
proximates that which existed in the
United States when the Versailles
peace treaty was under discussion.
Your Congress, representing your peO-
pie, discussed it very fully. There
was much debate, some favorable and
some unfavorable, but it was your
right, as decisions under democratic
forms Of government must always
be arrived at by full and frank
expression Of the opinions of the peo-
pie through their representatives.
1--WE did not construe in those
days things which we could not
understand as unfriendly to us. To-
day we have a great question before
our Chamber Of Deputies-a question
which affects vitality not only the
present generation, but our children
and grandchildren. Before it can be
ratified it must be debated and our
people must have an opportunity to
express themselves on every phase
OF this agreement. We hope that
you in America will understand that
in the debate of this question. dis
"a tho 0f q
accord do not indicate an unkind-
ness upon the part of our people
or upon the part Of our government
toward our friends in America"
Hope Of Average Frenchman.
firmly believe that this statement
represents the hope of the average
Frenchman.
Recently, much prominence was
given to the mutilation of the monu-
ment to the American volunteers in
the Place des Etats Unis. This was
the act of demented Russian
refugee. How many, people know
that the damage Is being repaired
by an association of wounded French
veterans at their own expense as
an evidence of their feelings toward
their American comrades?
Americans can we'll afford to be
considerate and patient. and the best
policy is to ignore evidences of irri-
tation should they appear.
There are always two sides to
every question, and with our friends
it is never a mistake to place the
best possible construction on some
thing we might not understand, until
we are perfectly certain that we have
all of the facts.
(Copyright. 1926)
Evening star., 1926-10-10

ROFOUND changes in the or.
- ganizat ton Of railroad workers
are likely to result from the
Il administration Of the new law,
which has set up a Railway
Mediation Board in place Of the old
Railroad Labor Board.
Samuel E. N'inslow of Worcester
Mass, former chairman Of the House
committee on interstate and foreign.
commerce. heads the new board. and
Is recognized as an authority on all
questions affecting common carriers.
Promotion Of system or company
unions" as against the interests of
national unions, are looked for By
some authorities. This possible effect
OF the new law may have been
visioned by some of those who were
instrumental in having the statute
enacted at the time 1t was under
discussion before Congress, but it GER
tainly failed to attract general atten-
ton. In other words, it is a pretty
big surprise to most people, even
those directly affected.
Argument Behind Theory.
The reasoning back Of this theory
is, briefly, as follows: Tn6er the
new law railroad labor disputes are
supposed to be submitted first to
adjustment boards representing both
sides. If this process fails either or
both sides can appeal to the Railway
Mediation Board. But railroad labor
organizations suddenly have found
the question Of how adjustment
boards shall be organized a very diff
ficult problem. Representatives OF
score OF these organizations met here
last week to consider this matter.
The organizations. as whole.
would like national boards, but the
railroads generally desire system
boards. AS a result, the stronger OF
the labor organizations will do bust
ress with the carriers through re-
gional adjustment boards and the
weaker unions through system boards.
This, at least Is the prediction of
national authority on railroad labor
conditions.
Unless I am away off the track"
he said, the Big Four brotherhoods,
alone of the national railroad labor or
CARNATIONS, will he able to preserve
their national solidarity under this
new law. The others, however sue
cessful they may be in retaining the
outward appearance Of national or
ganizations, will really be broken up
into system organizations Of the COM
pany unions"
Is Rail Labor Groups.
There are Is national railroad labor
organizations today. The big Four
brotherhoods are those which repre-
sent the trainmen, the conductors. 10
connective engineers and the enginemen
and tiremen. The Big Four" carry
on negotiations with the carriers con-
Cerning labor questions through three
regional adjustment boards one with
headquarters here, a second with head
quarters in New York and the third
at Chicago. This arrangement. which
existed before the passage of the new
law, will be continued.
The difficulty with some of the other
organizations which would like to do
Evening star., 1926-10-10
RAIL LAW MAY PROMOTE
ERA OF COMPANY UNIONS
Predicted That big Four Alone Will
Be Able to Preserve National Soil
darity Under New Statute.

business through regional adjustment
boards is that certain railroads do not
recognize some of the national organi-
cations, because their workers in
several classifications are in company
unions These carriers would not
| take part, therefore, in the meetings
of adjustment boards which repre-
sented the unions unrecognized by
| them.
The trend toward promotion Of sys-
tenn adjustment boards and company
unions is said to be especially marked
in New England. The clerks on the
Boston and Maine and New Haven
Railroads, for example, have agreed to
system boards.
Difficulties FOreseen.
The situation also has it's difficult
ties for the new Railway Mediation
Board, whose first case involves wage
increases for railroad workers on
Eastern lines When a case reaches
the board the latter first attempts to
get both sides together and to agree
mutually upon settlement. If this
fails, the board seeks to persuade
both sides to agree to arbitration by
a board Of three, one representing
each side and the third, or impartial
this also fails and the board decides
a strike or lockout may result which
would constitute a public emergency
because of it's interruption to trans
portation, the President would be so
notified and he would appoint an
emergency fact finding board. If this
board could not effect a settlement
it's report would be published in an ef-
fort to influence public opinion by
placing the responsibility The Rail-
way Mediation Board is strictly a me-
diator. without any mandatory power
or authority to make any decision.
The board has appointed a subcom-
mittee consisting of Chairman Wins
low and Commissioner Hanger to meet
representatives in the Eastern car
riers' case in New York next week
Preliminary conferences already have
taken place between the board and
representatives of both sides. The
| boards policy in all it's negotiations Is
to proceed without publicity. Success
in influencing settlement in it's first
case will go far to establish the new
board in the confidence of railroad
managers and workers.
Wage Demands Expected.
A general movement among railroad
workers for increased wages as a re-
! suit of prosperous railroad conditions
is reported. This means more work
| and more difficulties for the Winslow
board. On top Of this certain of the
railroads conspicuous in their oppo-
stion to the new law have not yet
recognized it. it is understood and
there is said to be no clear way of
making them do so.
AS a general proposition, however,
Ia hon o-l Of io1, ie hot,
man has comma nded the respect so far
of both railroad management and rail
road labor organizations, and has
given evidence of a firm intention to
act as an impartial. judicial body
without the delays commonly associ-
ated with judicial procedure in this
country.
Evening star., 1926-10-10

Vice President Of Fidac for the United States
This Summer I went through parts
Of France that had been occupied by
the German forces for almost the en-
tire war, and in which German ceme-
tories had been established. Nowhere
was there the slightest evidence of
any deSecration.
During the war 1t was the same
happened to be for some time
in a part Of France that had been
overrun by the first German invasion,
but from which subsequently the
German armies had been driven out.
Hundreds of German graves were
scattered over all the fields and
meadows. These graves We're all
marked, and never once did / see
any Of them that had been in any
way desecrated or mistreated. In
many instances they were carefully
tended by the French villagers.
Dissertation Highly Improbable.
When the graves of enemies hre
not desecrated during the tense days
of war, when feeling naturally runs
high, it Is an appalling thought that
the graves of friends might be desc
Grated. in time Of peace. AS a matter
Of fact. it just isn't so.
The same is true of much of the
notoriety which has been given to
alleged mistreatment of American
tourists in Paris and other parts of
France. The French people are our
friends.
The problems of re-establishment
since the war are only less burden
some to them than was the war it
self. They are striving valiantly
toward establishment. Their poll
ticians have not helped them much
under the circumstances. AS mat
ter of fact, politicians seldom are
Evening star., 1926-10-10
Better Statewide Coordination Asked
To Stem Criminal Wave, Says Writer

There are those emotiinalists who con-
tend, occasionally, that society Is re-
sponsible for the offender who has had
no chance because of poverty and
ignorance.
But, however one may be inclined
to regard those offenders who are
driven by necessity to trangress the
rules which deny the qualification of
their necessity, no such excuse can be
plausibly urged in favor of those who
deliberately organize for crime as
business; there is a fundamentally
substantial difference between un-
fortunates and the enemies of the So
cial order who designedly live for
prey.
Coordination of Police.
One with whom 1 have recently
talked, in commenting upon the no.
torious discrepancy between crime in
England and crime here, attributed it,
not so much to homogeneity and
heterogeneity Of population as to diff
ference in coordination between police
authorities. I am not familiar with
the Capitalization of police control in
England, but we all know how imag-
mary geographical lines, both local
and State, curtail any possibility of
effective coordination in police con-
troll.
A partial remedy for our conditions
is the necessity for Statewide CO.
ordination of our agencies for han
ding crime. 1t has ceased to be a
local problem and has become at
least a Statewide problem. and it
should be handled accordingly.
In the meantime. if it be true, as
often contended, that it is better that
one thousand guilty should escape
than that one innocent man should
suffer, we appear to be realizing the
fruits Of that suggestion.
(Copyright. 1926.)