davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Putnam patriot., 1926-09-24

ArTO RACES hy the wovId's most daring airt track drixers. sham battle by lath U. h fnfaatry in aftern % on. ftiF Vaudeville and bis Fireworks Show in evening.
 A Nh LILAIAG
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-09-25

papers. This gentleman eontended
that the average wage for the whole
textile industry has been $22 per
week,
twenty-five dollars and some odd
cents! There is a figure to conjure
with. Knowing the cost OF rents, the
cost of food, the cost of clothing, may
we conclude that this is handsome
sum for family of FIVE to grow up
on? suppose that you will reply that
it is inadequate; and indeed it is not
sufficient to maintain even very mis-
cradle standard of living for a family
of five persons. Hence it follows the
young daughter or son must go into
the mills as early-as possible. Their
ten or twelve dollars week, added
to the family income, may drag the
family out of debt, or mostly out of
debt!
Back in January of this year some
of the mill owners put their heads to-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-09-25
Textile Contrasts

may be no big brother or big sister in
a family; all of the offspring may be
below the legal age Cor child labor.
The mother may be dead, or the father
may be dead. What am driving at is
that the Passaic child cannot look
forward to university education, no
matter how much he might desire one,
or how we'll he could utilize one.
am speaking Of normal child, in a
normal mill workers family A nor
NAL child, when the age of possible
income-producing comes, win not pur-
sue his education while his mother or
father, or little brothers and sisters,
are suffering for lack of proper finan-
cial provision. No, he will got out to
the mill and strive to get job to exc
out the family income and make it
adequate to living needs.
On the day visited Passaic, a state
ment by the head of the largest mill
in the city appeared in the daily news
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-09-25
Introducing Mr.. H. c. Frayne
A Typical Labor Faker.
BY v. Jack.

the chicken with the sweet corn after
you failed otherwise, and it's an old
game. It's a long time since Mr..
Frayne had to work so hard, and what
is personally a nuisance to him is that
he has to meet and give his valuable
counsel and advice to these damnable
Jews, Sorkin, Shachtman and Mr..
Samuels.
Mr.. Frayne has big job, but as
mere pastime he handles some little
strikes, like the costume tailors in the
Metropolitan Opera Co. There he
took his revenge at the "damnable"
Jewish outfit. He played as their
powerful friend. kept them walking
for all the winter months in the streets
on the picket line, played even an
April fool joke on VIM. Green, who
has no business to butt in on Frayne's
Jurisprudence, and finally let the tail
ors know that they were wasting time
as they were all wrong and the Metro
politan Opera Co. was unfolding the
principles of the A. F. of L., which al
ways stood for the right of the firm
to reorganize their STATS as they
please, and to fire whenever and
whomsoever they please.
Then there are the shoeworkers of
Brooklyn, who wanted that Mr.. Frayne
use his influence that the Boot & Shoe
Union affiliated with the A. F. Of L.
should not scab on them during the
strike. But then Mr.. Frayne does not
do such favors just for the asking, and
he of course refused. The selling out
business is a lucrative proposition,
and now that the let's are there it's
even harder work. This is, in brief,
an introduction to Mr.. Frayne's activi-
ties, not to mention his meetings with
his masters in the Civic Federation,
the time he spends with the leaders of
Tammany, the embarrassing Of each
other in the official A. F. of l.. family,
the judges, police and the underworld.
Mr.. Frayne is a very busy man in
deed, but he will always meet you
with a smile. Oh, yes, he is friend
Of the working men, always was. Yes,
he was a worker himself once. You
did not hear much that was not praise
worthy of Mr.. Frayne in the past.
neither did you hear of Mr.. Heifers,
who represents the A. F. of L. in New
Jersey state, until these damnable
Reds went on an organized campaign,
spelling these nice quiet taking bust
nesses.
Both Mr.. Frayne and Hilfers are
typical labor ieutenants Of the capt.
talist class, the executors of we'll
conceived policy of the employers d.
rected against the budding new mill
tant unionism within the A. F. of L.,
coming from the left. Mr.. Frayne,
in this case. leads the fight against
this new unionism amongst the or
ganized workers, and Hilfers leads
the fight Of the employers against the
militant action to organize the unor
gained. The active appearance Of Mr..
Green in this situation only shows
how much Importance the capitalist
class attaches to these two struggles,
the furriers and Passa.c, N. ]. These
two struggles have by far transcribed
the narrow economic detectives that
gave them birth, and tho they remain
purely economic struggles they bear
a much greater significance.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1926-09-25

LIE is Well-ted gentleman, short
IL and stout. His belly hangs down
between his legs. He becomes fire.
quently indisposed: he looks like
man who has the sugar sickness. He
thinks lot Of himself. He is New
York state representative and high
in the councils of the A. F. of L. But
that is not so important as his mem
bership in the Civic Federation, where
big capitalists meet with their lieu
tenants, the big labor leaders, in order
to figure out how to hoodwink the
laboring men.
And then, not less important is Mr..
Frayne's membership in Tammany
Hall, of which he is prominent exec
utive member. This ought to be suf-
hcient for personal introduction.
Mr.. Frayne has no power, the A. f.
Of L. is a decentralized organization,
all power is vested ia the various in
ternationals, whom Mr.. F1ayne in
vokes only when it serves his purpose.
Mr.. FTayne's power is merely the
power Of his ability to serve the high
est bidder, usually the capitalist class,
and that's quite a power at present in
the United States, especially In
strongly centralized industries, or in
industries with powerful employers
associations.
Every morning at 10 a. m. Mr.
Frayne comes to his Office, giving ad-
vice to numerous other little Fraynes
who need his supreme counsel, and
there is plenty Of money in all this, as
1t is in all Tammany jobs, from the
Tammany judge down to the Tam
many labor leader. The New York
labor movement is divided into two
categories, the bona fide labor move
Tammany Hall, Tammany unions and
the others. Amongst the others used
to be the socialist unions-those
damned Jews" as the bona fides call
themselves, but in the last five years,
socialism moved closer to Tammany,
and lately there arose the greatest
menace that there ever was to con-
stituted authority, the left wing, and
against that there is one sweet united
front. Hence the socialist Shacht-
man went to Mr.. Frayne, and Mr..
Sigman went to Mr.. Green. Then
there is the socialist" Forward, as
the mouthpiece of these new combina-
tons on the Jewish field, and Mr..
Leary of the World. This is the politi-
cal introduction for Mr. Frayne, and
where his power comes from.
You heard a lot lately about Mr..
Frayne in connection with the fur
riers' strike. OF course, you may won
der what Mr.. Frayne has to do with
the furriers' strike, with negotiations
with the fur manufacturers. Indeed,
Mr.. Green himself, who belongs to
the same society as Mr.. Frayne, also
came in to help the poor furriers out
OF their plight. At first these gen.
tlemen came in like bulls in the china
shop. This is now known as Carnegie
Hall. Then they put on silk gloves
this is known as the Armory. Then
they came bearing gifts. They agreed
to the 40-hour week. Beware OF
Greeks bearing gifts. II you give
them your confidence they will stab
you in the back. It's like catching
Evening star., 1926-06-08
BAKERS OPEN MEETING.

NORFOLK, Va. June s R.-The
eleventh annual convention of the
Potomac States Bakers Association,
embracing the States of Virginia,
West Virginia, Maryland. Delaware
and North Carolina and the District
of Columbia, opened today for a three
day session at Virginia Beach with
about 800 members. their wives and
representatives of allied trades attend
ing.
l.. f. Storck OF Parkersburg, w.
Va, president. called the convention
to order at 2:30 o'clock. Willard r.
Ashburn. mayor of Virginia Beach,
welcomed the visitors and response
was made by J. w. Lloyd of Martins
burg, w Va, vice president of the
association.
Reports Of the secretary. j. Harry
Woodbridge, and Of the treasurer. j..
w. Stohlman, both of Washington,
d. c., showed the affair of the body
to be in excellent condition. Fifty
one new members were added during
the year.
Mr.. Storck. in his annual address.
pictured the present magnitude of the
baking industry, tracing its growth
during several generations.
Evening star., 1926-06-08
GEN. LUDEND0RFF CRUEL,
IS WIFE'S DIVORCE PLEA
Germany's Wartime Quartermaster
General Called Extremely 1r-
ritable and Abusive.

By the Associated Press.
BERLIN, June S.-F'rau Mar
garethe Ludendorff. who is suing for
divorce, charges Germany's wartime
quartermaSter general with neglect
and cruelty The generals activities
as leader of the German Fascist since
the war, she alleges, have made him
extremely irritable and increasingly
abusive" so as to make her life un-
bearable.
Frau Ludendorff divorced her for
mer. husband, an officer named Pernet,
and married Ludendorff before the
war. She is q member of the Bolie
family, which owns one Of the largest
dairy companies in northern Ger
many and which distributes milk
throughout Berlin.
There has been no issue from her
union with Ludendorff. OF the two
sons by her former husband, one fell
in the war, leaving an S-year-old boy.
who is often at the Ludendorff home.
The second is a former lieutenant,
now a bank employe, who served as
adiutant to Ludendorff in Hitlers
beer cellar revolution at Munich in
1928
Evening star., 1926-06-08
RESERVE
Wins BIG POINTS
Supreme Court UphoIds De-
cisions on Exchange
Charges and Deposits.

The United States Supreme Court
yesterday, in effect, upheld the right
of the Federal Reserve Board to for
bid member banks to charge exchange
on check clearances and to refuse Inn
mediate credit to banks upon the de-
posit of checks.
In Il decision described by Federal
Reserve officials as the most impor-
tant in the history of the Federal Re
serve system, the court denied the ap-
peal of the Pascagoula National Bank
of Mississippi against the Federal Re-
serve Bank of Atlanta.
The Mississippi bank demanded the
right to make an exchange charge for
renting payment to a Federal Re
serve bank for checks drawn on itself,
and the refusal of the Supreme Court
to review the case is believed to end
conclusively the several attempts
which have been made by smaller
banking institutions to make these
charges.
Federal Reserve officers consider Of
more Importance, however, that part
of the Mississippi banks case which
demanded that the Federal Reserve
system give immediate credit to mem
Der banks for all of it's deposits or
checks and drafts drawn on other
member banks in the same district.
IF permitted, they said, this practice
would have resulted in an imitation of
Federal Reserve credit amounting to
S., 900, 900, 900.
The reserve board was represented
before the Supreme Court by Newton
ID. Baker, former Secretary of War.
The court gave no written decision,
merely upholding the decision of the
lower court by refusing to review the
case.
The Pascagoula bank also sought to
prohibit the Federal Reserve Bank
from handling checks for any banks
other than its own members and, for
it's own members, any checks not pay
able within the same district.
Evening star., 1926-06-08
FATHER ATTACKS SON.
ASLEEP, WITH KNIFE
Slashes Youths Neck-Disarmed
After Half-hour Struggle-Re-
Gently Left State Hospital.
Special Dispatch 70 The Star.


FROSTBURG, Md. June S-Em-
NETT Mcclure. %. was awakened early
yesterday morning by his father. Peter
+. Mcguire. 81, bending over him.
gashinE his neck with large butcher
knife. He finally broke away and ran.
A second son. Carl 10, hearing the
Commotion, ran upstairs. and was at
tackled by the father. who inflicted Il
deep cut on the left wrist. The father
then attempted to break in the locked
door, leading TO his wife's room. The
two sons, after a struggle of nearly
half an hour, disarned the man. hold
ing him until officers arrived with
handouts. MCGUIRE now is in fall at
Cumberland under observation. He
recently returned home after seven
months at a State hospital. and it was
thought had been cured. over year
ago Mcclure attempted to shoot Il
young son, Peter, jr.. and when
another son. Leo, grabbed the weapon,
the father shot him in the hand before
he was disarmed.
Evening star., 1926-06-08
SANDPIT BLAST TOLL
MOUNTS TO SIX TODAY
Workman Injured Dies in Hagers-
town Hospital-Explosion
Cause Unknown.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BERKELEY SPRINGS, w. Va,
June S.-The death toll in the prema-
ture dynamite explosion in a sandpit
here yesterday mounted to six today
when Oliver Wood died of his injuries
In a Hagerstown hospital.
Irwin Henry, G. w. Walls and
Emory Miller, all married, were killed
Instantly Two others-Romanis Daw-
son, unmarried, and G. w. Miller
died later of their injuries. Five
others were injured.
The men were among a group OF 10
IN the mine when the blast occurred.
The body of Emory Miller was literally
torn to pieces.
The mine belonged to H. r. Bridges
Of Hancock, Md, with CIV. Hohannis,
Berkeley Springs. as superintendent.
Ernest Widmyer, mine boss, was in a
critical condition this morning from
shock. The injured were rushed to
hospitals after stop-gap attention at
the mine by Berkeley Springs physi-
clans.
G. w. Miller, one Of the dead, was
married just week ago. All the
other married men have families.
The men were tamping holes for
their last shot Of the afternoon when
one of the blasts went off from some
unexplained cause. --.--
Evening star., 1926-06-08
BU[LF|GHT RULES
UP FOR CHANGES
Spain Seeks Way to Avoid
Unnecessary CrueIties
to Horses.
BY OLIVER FOX.
Correspondence of The Star and the Chicago
Daily News.

Daily News.
MADRID. Spain. May 1.-THE Off
cial Gazette publishes today/a decree
containing the. following memorable
words:
'"It is the will OF His Majesty to ap-
point committee to report on wS.Ss
and means of reducing the sacrifice
of horses in bullfighting'
This committee. whose chairman Is
the chief Of police, is 10 be composed
of q bull-breeder, bullfighter, a bull
ring master, a horse pikeman, a bull
fight reviewer and n member of the
society for the prevention Of cruelty
to animals.
The main question is how to avoid
the cruel torture of horses by the
bull; their public disembowelment and
the disgusting sight Of a pain-mad-
dened animal galloping across the
ring, dragging and kicking its own en-
trails. The horse-piking is considered
necessary to stay the first wild rushes
of the bull, to tire him somewhat and
also to sever with the pike poinr
(Which q guard prevents from making
wound Of more than inches
deep certain muscles at the. back Of
the neck so as to facilitate the subse-
qIent work Of the dart men and the
matador.
In the south Of France a sort of
hornproOf apron is used to protect
the horse. This is probably what
will also be accepted for Spanish ring
Gen. Primo de Rivera. whose die
tatorship Is already doing so much
for Spain, has expressed this opinion
as regards the use OF horses in the
| ring:
THE bulls fierce nature and
| strength are his means of defense: the
bullfighter has his art and the help
| Of his comrades. but the unfortunate
| horse is brought in. eyes bandaged. 10
receive the fiercest attacks Of the bull
| This is iniquitous and revolving.
| suppose that this opinion of mine will
cause as much tongue wagging as the
dry Jaw in the United States"
Copyright. 1926. by Chicago Daily News Co
Evening star., 1926-06-08
DEMOCRATS VOTING
:: TODAY IN FLORIDA
Bryan's Daughter Seeking
House Nomination-Party'S
Strength Uncertain in State.
BY The Associated Press.


JACKSONVILLE, Fla, June b
Florida Democrats go to the polls IN
a party primary today to select nomi-
nees for one United States Senator
and two Representatives. with chief
interest centering on the House race
in the fourth district, where Mrs.
Ruth Bryan Owens, daughter OF the
late Williams Jennings Bryan,
opposes Joe Sears of kisSimmee, m
cumbent.
Mrs. Owens is the first Florida
woman to seek election to seat IN
the National Congress Mr. Sears has
served the fourth district six terms in
the House.
Two Seek Fletcher's Seat.
United States Senator Duncan Z.
Fletcher has two opponents for re-
nonination-Jerry w. Carter of Talla-
hassee. State hotel commissioner, and
John Van Nalzah, former state legls-
lator.
In the third congressional district,
cor1nosed of counties IN the western
section of the State, J. ii. Smith
wick, incumbent, of Pensacola is
opposed by Thomas A. Gon, Talla-
hasSee.
The campaigns closed last night,
with edCn OF the tdllulutteS aNui coo
ing voters in some part of the state,
rounding out a strenuous campaign,
though one in which no we'll defined
issues were at stake.
Democrats Doubt Strength.
There Is some speculation through
ont the state as to the Republican
strength and its possible bearing on
the general elections in November.
Two Republican tickets Will be put
in the field, according to present IN
dications, as the party is split into
two contesting groups.
The recent influx of new citizens
from Republican States has caused
manv to doubt that nomination in
today's Democratic primary is equlVa-
lent to election, as heretofore.
Half the State Senators and county
officers generally will be nominated
today, bringing out heavy vote.
Evening star., 1926-06-08
PETERSBURG PARK URGED

Creation of a. national military park
to include the battleflelds Of the siege
of Petersburg, Va, is proposed In a
bill by Representative Drewry, Demo
crat, Of that State, passed by the
House yesterday and sent to the
Senate.
More than a score Of major engage
ments, or battles, were fought In this
siege in 1864 and 1865 during the civil
War, the committee report says. one
Of a half.dozen amendments by Repre-
sentative Begg, Republican, Ohio,
approved by the House, provides for
acceptance Of donations Of land to be
included in the proposed park.
Evening star., 1926-06-08
CADET COMPANIES
IN 34TH CONTEST
Armstrong and Dunbar Stu
dents Drilling at Ball
Park for HOnors.

Eleven cadet companies, six from
Armstrong and five from Dunbar High
School. are drilling today in the thirty
fourth annual competitive drill of the
oath Regiment at the American
League Base Ball Park. The annual
battalion competition was held yes
terday.
Announcement of the winning cadet
companies and battalion will be mace
by the Judges at o'clock this after
noon following regimental maneuVers'
For the first time silver ioV!ns
c,Ip will be presented to the winning
battalion this Yearly DR.. j. HAYDEN
Johnson. member of the board. This
trophy was presented for competition
bv DR.. johnson and seven school OH
cials.
Will Present Medal.
Mrs. Coralie f. Cook, member OF
the board, will present the teachers
diamond medals to the captain Of the
winning company; Rev. F. /. A. Benz
nett member of the board, will award
tho gold medal to the winning cap
rain. DR.. Frank w. Ballou, superin-
tendend of schools, will present the
silver medal to the second place com
many. while Mrs. Marie w. HodgklnS
will present the bronze medals 10 the
third-place company.
The cadets will be- reviewed by 'ol:
Alfred T. Smith, assistant chiei OF
staff of the 3rd Corps Area actihg as
the official representative or MAJ zen
Macarthur. Judges of the drilling are
can't campbell Johnson, United
states Reserve; Lieut.. Frank Cole.
man. District of Columbia National
Guard. and Lieut.. Harry r.. Dorsey
IoI+;p,pra National Guaru.
THE drill was won last year py com
nanv G. of Armstrong ana the Two
Years previous by Companies II ana
B of Dunbar.
Personnel of Staff.
Members of the regimental staff and
tho 1st, Cd and Sd Battalions IN TO-
days drill follow: -
Rerimental staff-Lieutenant COLO
mel. Harvard Brown: adjutan, capt.
Frank Herbert: supply oiflcef' 'apt'
Millard Selman; sergeant mat'I' E"-
gene Dickerson; supply sergeant: AT
tbur Williams: color sergcants, Harry
NJ. Landers, Lorenzo Berry.
First Battalion-Major, stanton
Wormley; adjutant, First Lieut.. John
S. Armstead; supply officer, Secohd
Lieut.. Darnell Johnson sergeant
ma jor. Randall r. Evans; bugler, Corp.
Melvin Barker.
Second Battalion-Ma1or. Chafles
W. Ellis: adjutant. First Lieut.. Jo'
seph r. Weaver; supply officer, Sec
ond Lieut.. James +. Jones; sergeant
major, Arthur Robinson; bugler, Corp.
Aubrey Thomas.
Third Battalion-Major, James
Penn adjutant. First Lieut.. Earl
Shamwell; supply officer, Second Lieut..
sydney L. Brown: sergeant major
Wilder p Montgomery; bugler, Corp.
Robert T. Murray.
Evening star., 1926-06-08


must be cured. And as we strive to
solve the problem let us remember
that what we all really want is tenn
perance.
Il voted against the eighteenth
amendment VIXEN it was before the
Senate, because l believed then, as |
believe now. that to insert what
amounts to a Sumptuary law in the
Constitution of the United States Is a
most serious error. l felt then, and
! am convinced now, that not only
does such an amendment violate the
principles of sound constitutional law
making, but that it leads to bitter dis
senSion and widespread disregard for
the Constitution itself.
IN effect, the eighteenth amend
ment represents an attempt to COM
pei 100000, 900 people to become and
remain total abstainers. / contend
that all human experience teaches us
that total abstinence through legal
compulSion is impossible of attain
ment. Furthermore, it was far from
the intent of the trainers of the Con
Stitution to give the Congress the
right TO regulate the private and per
pnal habits of the citizen.
in this respect the eighteenth
amendment changes the theory of our
Federal Government and contravenes
the spirit of our institutions. At the
present time large numbers of people
are Offering stout resistance to total
abstinence by Federal compulsion. The
feeling of resentment, instead of re-
ced1nS, is growing as people come to
realize the significance of the attempt.
They are coming to understand that
the question at issue is absolutely
fundamental.
Regrets Ratification Won.
1T IS a great pity that the eight
eenth amendment was ratified 1t
would have been infinitely better had
we, recognizing the liquor traffic and
the saloon as a national problem.
adopted a simple constitutional
amendment conferring power upon
the Congress to legislate freely upon
the liquor traffic. Had that been
done, the Congress could have legis-
lated from time to time, estimated the
results and, finally, would have
reached a solution acceptable to an
overwhelming majority of the people.
The eighteenth amendment, how
ever, ties the hands of the Congress
and the people themselves to a very
great extent and deprives them of an
opportunity to solve this problem by
statutory enactments justified by eX-
perience and public opinion. So much
for what I regard as the evils Of the
eighteenth amendment.
"As for the Volstead act, I have
been convinced or a long time that
its provisions, in some respects. are
extreme and should be modified.
Furthermore, l believe they can be
modified without violating the eight
eenth amendment itself.
rtai nII &to<
beverage containing but five eighths
of l per cent of alcohol is intoxicat-
ing. And yet such is the law.
see no reason why the percentage
should not be increased so as to per-
NIT the manufacture and sale of
those milder beverages which are
not, in fact, intoxicating. Should
the Congress or the State legislatures
be rash enough to increase the per-
centage to the intoxicating point, the
courts may be trusted to stand at the
gateway defending the Constitution. 4"