davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1926-12-05
Italian-French Tension Declared Peril
To Peace of Europe Unless Subdued

Fascismo had its immediate origin
in the general Italian discomfort
growing out of what was conceived
to be Italy's failure to get her proper
share of the fruits of victory in the
war. 1t was then instinct with latent
bitterness and suspicion toward all
the allied countries, as 1t later came
to embrace Germany in it's dislike. 1t
developed into a domestic political
situation which has within Italian
territory crushed all opposition and
obtained unfettered control.
But abroad Fascismo has never been
able to regain anything which was
felt to have been lost at the Paris
make any alliance with any consid-
cradle state. either with Germany
against France or with Britain
against France.
And this failure in part has eX-
planned the steadily rising Xenophobic
state of mind. There has been, too.
and still remains the danger that in
case of any domestic weakness the
Fascist would seek in foreign war a
relief from home troubles. But no
sign of such domestic weakness is
discoverable at the moment, which is
basis for optimism.
On the other hand. Fascist hos.
tility to and provocation of France
has about reached the possible limits
within the conditions of peace. What
remains to be seen is, whether Mus
solini can now repeat his success in
the Fiume time and turn national
attention wholly. if temporarily, in
other directions. The crux of the
situation is all here. but it is unde.
uiably a bad situation.
fCapyrICht 1904
Evening star., 1926-12-05
continued from First Pagel

continued from First Page.l
hut the present course of events can
easily lead to war unless he IS able,
rs he is patiently trying, to turn ma
tional feelings into other channels.
The much advertised treaty of Italy
with Spain the other day was momen-
tary interpreted In both French and
Italian journals as having a military
content. but later and cooler esti-
mates have not confirmed this and
the domestic situation of Spain hardly
warrants any such mad adventure as
war with France. even in an al
lance with Italy. For Spain. too,
such war would have no real
promise Of profit. despite alluring
visions of African expansion at the
expense Of Algeria.
\ Franco Italian war is unlikely,
but it cannot be excluded from the
realms of present possibility and 1t
does constitute the blaCkeSt point on
the European horizon. When l was
In Berlin recently | asked German
of worldwide political eminence If.
in the case of such a war. Germany
WOULD side with Italy. His reply
was: Good God. no, You can have
no idea how neutral we would be.
And this was the general German
view, based alike upon surviving bit
terness born of the Tyrolese affair
and enduring resentment growing
out OF what Germans regard as Italy $
failure to keep her agreements and
stand with Germany in 1914. On the
other hand, Italy would he threat
ened hy Slav attack, and the entrance
OF Jugoslavia might stir up trouble
in all Of the Danubian II area.
Evening star., 1926-12-05
SCIENTIST DISCUSSES ORIGIN
AND DISTRIBUTION OF GLASS
Sir Flinders Petre in Lecture Recently Delivered Be
fore London Society, Traces Manufacture to
Period $500 B.C.-Interesting Facts.

trade route by which amber, which
was highly priced by early peoples,
was brought from the Baltic to the
Mediterranean in these early days.
In the early days of its manufac-
ture. glass was not brought to the
melting point, but was used in the
form of q paste. No blown glass was
made until the Christian era. The
use Of Vitreous paste in the form
of enamel was @ favorite method of
decoration on metal in early Europe,
and reached a very high point of tech
nical development. The beautiful blue
and red enamel manufactured in
Great Britain. in the Iron Age was
highly priced, and with reason, as is
shown by the famous bronze shield
with enameled bosses and foliate Or
nament in repousse of Iron Age date
found in the Thames at Battersea,
London, some years ago and now in
the British Museum. The British Mu-
scum also has some very beautiful
horse trappings in red and blue en-
amel of the foliated design known as
Celtic.
The aim Of the glass manufactur.
ers Of the early days was to initiate
the color Of natural objects, and some
beautiful effects were obtained. They
were able to produce beautiful pur-
ple-blue coloring, which even with
modern methods was most difficult
to obtain.
Glass was also used by the an
clients for standard weights. In their
manufacture remarkable accuracy
was attained. Three glass weights Of
the same denomination when tested
were found to be in agreement with
one another within 1-200th of a grain.
Evening star., 1926-12-05
Prep School Boys Outrank Collegians
In Intelligence Tests, Experts Declare

The facility with which boys in pre-
paratory schools outshine college stu
dents in intelligence tests Is puZzling
psychologists.
The Army Alpha" famous test by
which the. brains of the American
ARMY were measured during the war,
was recently given to the boys OF a
we'll known prep school by DR.. Harold
f. Jones, psychologist of Columbia
University. -,
The results were combined with
those obtained by investigators In
other prep schools. and a comparison
was made between prep school scores
and scores from public high schools
and colleges in various parts of the
country. The prep school students not
only outranked high school students
in mentality, but also scored higher
than college students who have taken
the same test.
The intelligence scores in such a
test tend to increase with age up to
certain point. In the first year of the
prep school. which corresponds to
first year high school. the middle
score made by the boys was slightly
lower than the medium score OF col
lege freshmen, DR.. Jones shows. But
in eaCn OIL tHe tHIcc upPci SAaSSCo OL
the prep schools, the boys outrated
even the college seniors.
After considering various explana-
tions for the superiority Of the boys
in preparatory schools, DR.. Jones con-
cludes that economic and social selec-
ton play a significant part in their
mental development.
However distasteful the fact may
be to equalitarians." he says, ut ap-
pears that the socially prominent
schools and universities derive their
intelligence ranking from the fact
that their students are supplied chiefly
from the upper social classes. At
present we can only conjecture 10
Evening star., 1926-12-05
PUBLIC is URGED TO INQUIRE
INTO VIVISECTION WORKSHOPS
Laboratories Are Represented as Harboring Animals
Made to Suffer Torture in Plea for Advance
of Medical Science

undergo vivisection. If these expert.
ments were done in public there would
be such an outcry that they would
speedily he stopped.
A recent visit to a research insti
tute in New York disclosed dogs, cats
monkeys, rabbits. rats and mice kept
for experiments, or after being expert
mented on. The cages and receptacles
In which these poor victims are kept
are disgracefully small and wholly
unsuitable. This institute, whatever
the intentions of it's founder were
is now a world of misery and pain for
the thousands of animals imprisoned
there.
Leaders Condemned Practice.
The vivisector's knife is busy in
the many laboratories devoted to 'rc-
search" and the mutilated anima ls
bear Speechless, but nevertheless elo
quent, witness to mans brutality and
insane belief that the secret of health
can be found through the methods of
the 1nquisitiOn. One poor dog in a
cage kept whirling round and round
In rapid, mad dance OF misery
a fine specimen OF the vivisector's art
The leaders of thought and proe
ress have condemned vivisection
such men as Shakespeare, Tennyson.
Robert Browning, Voltaire, Victor
Hugo, Tolstoy. Ruskin. Wagner.
Charles Dickens, Alfred Russell Wal
lace and Robert Ingersoll
A sight of the vivisection labora-
tories would probably have filled them.
with despair of the human race.
Copyright 1921
Evening star., 1926-12-05

Will we shortly be riding into the
operating room for our appendicitis
operation with our tummies painted
pink or purple instead Of with the
commonplace familiar brown Of TO-
dine? Medical investigators have de-
cided that the average antlsept1cs
used in hospitals leave much to be
desired in germ-killing capacity. and
after extended research have found
that some of the aniline dyes give
almost 100 per cent results in obtain
ing a really sterile skin.
Search for an explanation for the
occurrence of occasional cases Of sep
tic poisoning in apparently clean
wounds has led Drs. Martin B..
Tinker and Henry B. Sutton Of
Ithaca, n. Y. to make a detailed in
vestigation Of germicides and anti.
septics in current use In some Of the
best organized hospitals.
Laboratory studies" says the
Ithaca doctors in a report Of their
results to the American Medical AS
sociation, "have indicated the ineff1-
cheney of iodine, the fnost widely used
of the inefficient antiseptics.
personal study of more than l $3.50
cultures, results in most instances
confirmed by others. have demon
strated that iodine. trinithrophenol.
mercuric chloride solution, mercuro-
chrome-220 soluble and potassium
mercuric iodide will not kill most Of
the resistant and some Of the less re-
sistant pathogenic bacteria under
conditions VI pertect contact ana aGs
Evening star., 1926-12-05
The Story the Week Has Told

and to be the greatest ship in the
world. The Leyland fleet consists OF
80 vessels Of 10000 aggregate ton
mage, which supply the greatest cargo
service of any line on the North AT
lantic. The Atlantic Transport Meet
consists of 10 vessels aggregating
$4,000 tons, all but two being cargo
ships. The Red Star line consists OF
six ships on the New York-Antwerp
run.
Should the International Mercantile
Marine Co. make the further sales ru-
mored to be under negotiation, IL
would have only seven ships left' all
under the American flag. 1t Is, now
ever. rumored that it proposes 10 re-
sumo the grand emprise undertaken
by the elder Morgan. but on a new
basis, the new fleets to consist entlreiy
of ships under the American nag. 1.
is also rumored that 1t proposes TO Dlo
vigorously for Shipping Board YES
sells. But one cannot but feel lttie
nessimistic as to the future Of Amerf-
can transoceanic shipping enterprise
in competition with the British, at
least on the North Atlantic routes.
The low price (f7,000,O0O. less than
$40 per toni the American owners
were willing to accept for the White
Star feet increases ones pessim1sm.
BY aquiring the White Star Line
the Royal Mail Steam Packet co. o.
comes far the greatest shipping con-
Germ in the world. 1t Is said to con-
troll 374 vessels of an aggregate ton
mage of about 2,777,000, with lines on
all the seven seas; its chief rivals being
the Peninsular and Oriental, the Gu
nard Line and the international Mer-
camille Marine. Baron kylsant, heao
of Royal Mail, is a most picturesque
figure Of a very ancient tamllv,
member of Parliament, a giant or ~
inches, a famous sportsman, chalr-
man Of the Belfast Shipbuilding co.
Harland & Wolff. His lordship is to
be congratulated. But 1t Is to be hoped
that we shall not weakly acquiesce In
permanent British supremacy OF
transoceanic commercial shipping. j..
The first decision by a board OF
arbitration under >tht. new Watson
Parker railroad act awards an In
crease Of ia per cent In wages 10
80 900 conductors and trainmen on
Eastern railroads. The brotherhoods
had asked for 10 per cent increase.
Premier Bruce of Australia Will
visit the United States and Canada
on route home from the Imperial CON
ference IN LONDON. RE VIII pAcoCHI
us his interesting views and will be
very welcome.
X X u
Notes.-Italy has added one more
to- her Balkan pacts by concluding
treaty of Friendship and arb1tra-
ton" with Albania. The leading arti-
Gle contains the statement that both
Italy and Albania recognize that any
change in the political, juridical or
territorial status quo of Albania
would be contrary to their reciprocal
political interests
Within the past II months there
has not been a single murder In An
CORA, capital of the new Turkey, a
city Of 10000.
Secretary Kellogg has made an
other proposal to the governments
of Chile and Peru looking to settle
ment Of the Tacna-Arica controversy.
He suggests that the republics of
Chile and Peru cede to the Republic
Of Bolivia all their rights, title and
interests in the disputed territory,
Bolivia to make suitable compensa-
ton. It is the obviously sensible So
luton.
(CopyriEht 1926.)
Evening star., 1926-12-05
By NINA BRANDON AND
HAMILTON
THE Duchess of Hamilton)

The American public should make
itself acquainted with the practices
which go on in the vivisection labora-
tories of the country.
NiviSection, instead of helping nedi-
cal research to achieve results which
will prevent or cure human disease,
Is believed by many we'll informed
people to be actually an obstacle to
progress. Cruelty cannot be an es-
seEtial condition for the advancement
of human knowledge. The vivisector
is permitted to carry on. under the
plea of utility, practices which are re-
voting to the moral sense. The com
mon man who mercilessly fiogs his
horse or otherwise ill treats animals,
is accountable to the law and rightly
punished. Under the high-sounding
name of medical research" animals
are now subjected to iniquitous treat
ment. cut open. mutilated, poisoned
and kept in artificially diseased CON
ditions, with organs or bits of organs
removed or obstructed. They are
kept in small cages. lingering for
weeks In pain and misery.
Would Cause Outcry.
The American public should go and
see for itself the conditions under
which hundreds of thousands of ami
mails are kept in laboratories and
animal houses" They can exercise
their rights as citizens and demand
access to laboratories where animals
Evening star., 1926-12-05
Change in immigration Quotas
To 1920 Basis Is Being Studied

Europe as putting the same or even
stronger pressure on emigration than
conditions right after the war which
prompted the United States to limit
the entry of aliens. Unemployment of
millions in Great Britain, Germany
and other countries. with the known
desire Of Italy TO export 500, 900
annually of her population, would
cause an enormous exodus to the
United States were the bars let down,
IT Is pointed out. an exodus which it is
believed would be limited only by the
capacity of the worlds shipping to
bring aliens to this country, and prob
ably several times more than the
1.21S,4S0 who entered in 1914, the
largest influx on record for any one
year.
Any indication OF slackening indus.
trial activity in the United States.
with consequent cutting down Of
working forces. would tend to
strengthen opposition TO admitting
more aliens. il Is asserted in some
quarters. since the argument would
be made that available Jobs should
go ~ tnuSe alreaLy heie.
Evening star., 1926-12-05

what lacking in lucidity. The
statement is by no means innocent
Of bolshevist bouquet, but there
is good reason for believing that
China's new strong man" wears
his sickle with a decided differ
ence: that, however he may be be.
holden to Moscow for certain sorts
of help and though he has taken over
(for temporary use, at leasD certain
bolshevist ideas, he has by no means
allowed himself to be taken in by Mus
covite professions of disinterested af
fection, and has made but a limited
selection from the gospel of Lenin
that he is genuine China-for-the
Chinese man and, should he accom-
plish his object Of establishing a
strong government of all China, NJ
would evict the Russians, neck and
crop, should they display too eager ar
interest in things Chinese, just as not
long ago he elected number OF Rus
slams from Canton for trying to rur
the show there.
One may not confidently predict
what the morrow shall bring in China,
but the prospect holds no mean
promise of success for Chang kai'
Shek's grand program. If the north
ern chiefs should at once vigorously
and Loyalty cooperate with Sun
Chuan-Feng, Super-Tuchun, Of the
five lower Yangtsze provinces Che now
holds only two OF those provinces). 1t
might be possible for the combination
to head off the southerners, but the
likelihood Of genuine cooperation OF
those gentlemen seems slight, quote:
1.-The present revolution will not end
until extraterritorial rights and con
cessions and unequal treaties have all
been abolished. After the success of
the revolution. all treaties with all
powers will be abrogated at once.
Conquest of the northern militar-
lists Is but a step in the revolutionary
program. We must instantly put an
end to extraterritorial concessions,
foreign supervision Of customs and
the foreign post offices.
1--WE positively will not agree to
gradual abolition Of extraterritoriality
over a period Of years or await recon
struction of China's law courts, but
we mast, before the revolution ends.
abolish foreign exercise Of judicial
authority.
This revolution purposes the down
fall Of imperialism; and not as regards
China alone, but our opposition to 1t
IiluSI SpEcdU W OlHcT uIlueI
imperialist yoke.
"Denunciation Of the Belgian treaty
by Wellington koo minister Of for
eign affairs in the Peking government
has our approval. We are willing now
to enter into treaties with the powers
on an absolutely equal basis. consider
ing that at present no treaties exist,
as all are unequal.
within this month we will have
established the capital Of China at
Wuchang, removing the government
bureaus there from Canton.
China will have a committee form
of government.
"Our attitude toward America is
friendly, but we consider America
imperialist, because she has not given
freedom to the Philippines. Any
country holding territory outside its
natural boundaries has an imperialist
nature and must relinquish claim to
such territory.
THE new government will not in
terfere with the activity Of mission
aries in China. We have no quarrel
with Christianity and no antipathy
toward the missions.
The powers which are willing to
abrogate all former treaties, return
Evening star., 1926-12-05
BY JAMES T. SHOTWELL.

Distinguished Historian of the World War.
Experts have implied that the full
solution Of the armament problem
would hamper the free movement OF
modern science since the potential
armament of nation means the full
use Of invention and discovery In
industry or chemistry. But you can't
stop science. The chemist has only to
change the formula by the slightest
part and his factories for fertilizer
become factories for explosives, yet
the factories are proper for the main.
tenance and development Of national
prosperity.
Some factories in a certain country
are turning out every day of the year
a. thousand tons of nitrate Of am
monia, which. in a very, very short
time could be transformed into a
thousand tons a day of high ex-
plosives. Those are the proper devel-
opments of science. 1t would be
utterly ridiculous for modern c1v1liZa-
ton to attempt to curb that most
beneficial development Of human in
telligence. But there surely Is some
thing else.
The record from every capital Of
Europe reveals that alongside the
political governments in every state
there were the essential organs Of de-
fense, the national army with its gen.
eral staff: and there came a moment
when the deadly timetable Of the
general staff was to take over the
movements OF events and supplant
the political judgment and action that
moved by way of diplomacy. Now
those men in Berlin and in Petrograd
who we're responsible for the safety
of their peoples at a given moment
turned to the deadly time table. The
existence Of that exigency, in my
judgment, brough the war. The tech
nical preparation for the defense of
the nation, as it organized what one
might call the first line Of defense.
Evening star., 1926-12-05
Razor-Back Hog Is Nearing Extinction. =.
Agricultural Experts in South Agree

The aux and the dodo must now
make room for a newcomer in the
Limbo of extinct animals. The razor.
back hog, once a familiar sight in the
piney woods of the South, is doomed
to extinction. During the State Fair
of Texas, a razor-back SOW, and her
shoat were on exhibit in the Live
Stock pavilion just to show what sort
of animals once grew in the South.
Live stock experts declare that the
genuine razor-back is as much of
curiosity to the younger generation
as many animals now exhibited by
circuses or that are kept In many
Of the geological gardens of Texas
and other Southern states.
The Texas Museum of Natural
History, an institution devoted to the
study Of natural wild life Of that
Evening star., 1926-12-05
EUROPEAN TRADE BOOST
WILL AID UNITED STATES
Americans Are Asked to Cease Sermon.
izing Continent and Forget
Debt Question.

80 must the Nation see to Il that when i.
great good fortune and great power
and prosperity has come to II q part.
of 1t. at least, Is used IN the service
Of humanity. That Is simply ele.
mentary decency, and il Is good husis
ness.
That concludes the consideration OF
the settlement OF the loans which the
European nations owe to us. To use
an ''Irishism,' the best way to talk
about the allied debts to America Is
not to talk about them. Talk across
the Atlantic backward and forward
on that subject can only cause irrita
ton and i'll will. No good can come
of it.
For Debt Settlement.
Those who were authorized to repre-.
sent the nations in official capacities
have reached certain definite settle
ments. Let those settlements be rati.
fled without further discussion. Time
will show in what respect, II any.
these settlements require modifica-
ton. 1t is quite conceivable that they
do, and the American people can be
relied upon, in fairness and in self
interest, to take the initiative to make
such notifications after the thing
will have worked for awhile and they
shall all have an opportunity to see
how it works and what changes. it.
any, ought to be made.
Meanwhile, let discussion cease
Let the thing be ratified and let us
all look on and learn, with opeu
minds. Above all let us stop preach
ing and sermonizing at Europe. Let
us look upon their problems, not IN
the "holier than thou" spirit, in the
light of our own freedom from prol, .
lens, but let us try to understand
the seriousness, the cOmplexity. the
intricacies. the centuries-old roots of
the problems, social, economic and
racial. which have beset Europe
which beset them still, and over which
they have shed oceans of blood in the
past. Let us be thankful, and hum
bly, thankful. that we are spared these
problems, and let us stop addressing
sermons at Europe.
Copyright. 1926)