davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1926-12-12

canteens and vases can be made
without variation in the process. In
fact, pottery vessels without exterior
openings, or chambers, can be built
up, the vessel being held on a pottery
vase or on the lap of the woman pot.
ter.
When the article is finished, it is
allowed to stand for awhile in order
to have it dry for baking After that
1t is ready for painting or decorating.
the use Of coal was an old-world idea,
the Hopi have long mined the infe-
rior variety they had at hand for
firing their pottery. In this respect
they surpassed the Indians of Penn
sylvania and elsewhere, who walked
in ignorance of the rich treasure be-
meath their feet.
In ancient times, in order to con-
struct a vessel of the hardest kind,
II is said the Hopi boiled down the
leaves of a certain variety of cactus
until it made thick soup. This was
used instead of water for welding the
clay. The COB of dough was buried
whole year in moist ground, where
the earth never got dry. After that
it was dug up and found to have
sticky and Shiny constituency all
through. the vegetable ingredients of
the cactus having rotted in the clay
to form a kind of mucilage. The mass
was then kneaded and rekneaded for
several days before being nodded.
The integrity Of these Western
craftsmen, who gathered their ma.
terials from hidden 0urces and thus
Evening star., 1926-12-12

a compactness of the fibers and mus
cular covering of cheeks and chin and
beneath the chin. The lips are firm
and rather thin, and the mouth, even
when we'll and gracefully formed.
tends to be a straight line. The lines
In the face are straight. All of these
characteristics build up the impression
of squareness. The eyes are wide open
and direct in their gaze. Complexion
is dark-that Is, in the men. With
the women the art of makeup makes
their natural complexion an unfathom-
able mystery.
The European face. as contrasted
with the American, shows a much
greater tendency toward curved con-
tours, narrow jaws, rounded SOFT
ness or a flabbiness of flesh. curv-
ing. loosely formed mouth, a curving
of the lines of the face. The Latins.
for instance, run toward the rounded
lines of laughter The eyelids are
inclined to droop with meditation,
languor or dullness. There is more of
pallor or a washed-out complexion.
You find the typical American
facial characteristics In Americans or
every European racial strain, in the
the defendants of LatinS or Slavs
as well as in those of Germanic or
Celtic peoples. There must be some
thing in the nature of the country
or Of it's history to account for this.
The matter of complexion, for In
stance, can be explained by the
amount OF sunlight in America. This
is much greater than the average for
Europe. In Europe you must go to
southern parts like Italy or Spain to
find anything to equal the American
sun. In the north the temperate
climates dull the complexion.
RUT 1 have a theory for the Ameri-
A. can face. 1t is an idea which
has come out of the working ex-
perience of a portrait painter, out of
practical occupation with paints and
brushes in the transferring of like
nesses Of features to canvas. l want
to explain the common characteristics
of American faces by reference to
sociological history.
The Americans are the defendants
of the same kind of people. 1t Is
true that the folk who came to the
country were from different lands
and of different national strains; still
they were the same kind of people.
They were the kind of people that
felt the urge to move on, to break
away from settled ways, to venture
into a far land. The journey to
America, even up to a few years ago,
was a far larger undertaking than
1t Is now. The people that emigrated
were of a different type from the
stay.at-homes. The United States re-
ceived an especial class, selected by
circumstance, from the European
populations. These immigrant peoples.
with their common temperamental
characteristic, had a common facial
characteristic. You will often find
among humans that similar faces go
with similar temperaments.
The immigrant peoples came be-
cause of varying reasons-the desire
to escape restrictions at home, the
desire for land, the desire for we'll
paying work to do, or a spirit of rest
less wandering and adventure. With
all of these different motives you will
Evening star., 1926-12-12

dominating factor in molding the
American woman. From 1t derives
that spirit of competition which is so
characteristic Of life in the United
States. American business is at bot.
tom motivated by the spirit of COM
petition.
The same holds for sports and ath-
letics, in which American women
share so largely. 1t holds, though
not so obviously, for the dress of
American women. Here Is one thing
that astonishes the European in the
United States. In Europe the women
dress to please men. Here the women
dress for the eyes Of other women.
1t is a matter of competition. This
energetic life. which begins early.
makes young faces look older.
With her preoccupation in the mat
ter of athletics and her intense COM
petitive activity, the American woman
is less romantic than the European.
People who are very active physically
and very busy are notoriously cold.
In this we find the reason why Ameri-
can women hold their ages well.
The. European woman is likely to
grow faded and old when she passes
80. She is likely to burn herself out
Evening star., 1926-12-12

unknOwing OF my admiration, and
granted me not the slightest notice.
They were a puzzle. not to be solved
by me at the time
Now that I have been in this coun-
try a little longer and have had the
opportunity to study their mentality,
/ understand them better.
In any event American or EuT0-
pean. cold or warm blooded. woman is
woman and allureS us and interpretS
the world for us
Tired of the Old World the neces-
sity for striving after something new
and better. with a desire for greater
freedom. which was the impellinl
force that brought them here, coupled
with stimulating atmospheric Condi-
tiOns, has created a new type-the
American face
Although the Anglo-SaXo cast may
predominant. still there Is something
in the American face. that is unmis
takably American, that sets il apart
from all the rest Of the world.
Although my Sojourn in America
has been of short duration, l have
learned to love this country.
America is, for me. not another
country than my own. but a new
world--a world in which all the ma
tions Of the Old World are repre-
sented, in the midst of which | also
find part of my own.
And that may we'll be the reason
why so many people, no matter OF
what nationality, learn to feel at home
very soon In America.
Evening star., 1926-12-12

find common Observation-Disclosures
The people who leave their homes for
a new land will not be necessarily
the more intelligent or the more COM
petent, but all in all they will show
high average of energy.
The conditions of life, when the i'm
migrants got here, favored the ener-
getic. The present-day Americans,
therefore, are the descendants of
group especially selected for energy.
1t is natural, then. that the striking
popularity of the people of the United
States today is that of energy.
Take a motion picture Of an Ameri-
can street crowd and Of street crowd
in a European city and you will find
a great difference in tempo. The
Americans move more rapidly. But
the point l want to make is this:
The Americans are descendants Of
people not merely energetic Of tenn
permanent, but inevitably energetic Of
face as well-people who had the
facial characteristics of energetic
people.
The shapes and lines Of the Ameri-
can face, then, are those that proceed
from energy, squareness, firm jaws
compactness of flesh, straight mouths,
Evening star., 1926-12-12

the degree Of doctor Of medicine from
the University of Pennsylvania. He
returned to Nashville to practice
medicine. but finding it uncongenial,
he studied law and opened a law
Office in New Orleans. From law he
turned to journalism and in 1S4s was
one of the editors of the New Orleans
Crescent. In 1S49 he went to San
Francisco and worked on a newspaper.
In 1851 he went to Marysville Cali.
formal and .practiced law There he
conceived the plan of colonizing the
Mexican states of Sonora and Lower
California. He tried the experiment
in 1853 and was driven back. He
sailed from San Francisco for
Nicaragua with 58 followers, May 4,
1855 Reinforcements were sent in
large numbers by his associates in
San Francisco, and in October the
flibusters and their native allies had
brought the revolution to an end and
set up a provisional government.
Walker was made comma nder- -in-chief
under the new regime and beca me
the real head of the state. The news
of his success caused adventurers
from the United States to Join his
army In such large numbers that
many Of the native leaders became
alarmed and fed to the neighboring
republics, where they succeeded in
effecting a coalition of the Central
American states against the fllibus-
ters. In the meantime Walker. per
ceiving the growing disaffection, took
the bold step of having himself
chosen President of Nicaragua by the
votes of his soldiers, who were mainly
Americans"
In looking at this pamphlet I find
there was a recruiting service for
Walker in Texas and the Middle West
and that the work was in the charge
Of Col. S. A. LOckridge Of Kentucky,
who late in 1856 took 200 recruits to
Greytown." | see the note that 12O
men who sailed from Mobile in the
schooner Susan to join Walker were
wrecked off Belize and rescued from
desert isle by British ship. One
of the things set down is that an
American physician. J. l.. Cole. who
had married into Nicaraguan
family" served Walker as guide
read in these letters that Walker did
not go to Nicaragua unasked, but
Evening star., 1926-12-12

was invited by a political party that
planned war against the party In
power. When Walker was forced t.
retreat from Mexico he surrendered
at the California line to United States
troops and was tried at San Francisco
in 1854 for violation of the neutrality
laws. He was acquitted. This added
to his notoriety as a fflibuster and
probably brought offers to him from
the Nicaraguan party planning revolu-
tion.
In the Encyclopedia Britannica's ar
ticle on Nicaragua | find this: "One
outSta nding incident was the filibus.
tering expedition of William Walker.
who was at first invited by the Lib.
erals of Leon to assist them against
the Conservatives of Grenada, and
who, after seizing the supreme power
in 1856, was expelled by the combined
forces Of the neighboring states. and
on venturing to return was shot at
Trujillo. In Honduras, on the 18th Of
September. 1860"
WALKERS activity became po-
litical question in the United
States. His assumption of govern
ment In Nicaragua was approved by
the more Jealous branch of the pro-
slavery party, which held that the
United States could expand south
ward and add Mexico, Central Amer
lea and Cuba as slave.holding terri
tory. There was much talk of our
manifest destiny" in that direction,
and many men called Walker the
man of destiny"
President Pierce proclaimed the
neutrality laws, but recruits and sup
plies for Walker continued to be sent
from San Francisco and New Or.
leans. President Walker sent a dip
lomatic representative to Washing
ton, one Will, priest, and my notes
read that Will was received at the
White House by President Pierce, but
there was no recognition of Walkers
government by the United States. In
September President Walker repealed
the law of Nicaragua against slavery.
Slavery had been abolished in Nicara-
qua In 1924. Walkers act was con-
strued as bid for support at Wash
ington by representatives of Southern
States. In 1857, with fortune against
Evening star., 1926-12-12

% HE broken fragment OF a
bowl, standing among some
curiously fashioned bits OF
i Indian pottery in one of the
upper rooms of the Smith
sonian Institution led John p. Har.
rington, just returned from the Ari-
IONA desert, to discourse upon a ma.
tive art that has been carried on in
that region from immemorial times.
Here, probably, though it has
never yet been reported, are the old
est fingerprints known to history"
the ethnologist remarked, lifting the
cherished fragment and pointing to
some streaks left by fingers black.
ened at a fire extinguished centuries
ago.
Like those other pieces belonging
to the seasons pottery vintage, this
old bowl came from an Indian ruin
south of Walpi, where / was digging
for eight weeks last Summer"
Tucked away in that remote corner
of Arizona north of the Painted Des.
ert and between that desert, with its
wonderful soap-bubble colors. and the
chasm of the Colorado. the Hopi In.
dians live.
These Hopi. according to Prof.
Harrington. inherited from their an
cestors and still cultivate an art Of
pottery which, whether you consider
it from its beauty of form, uniqueness
of design or hardness of material, Is
| possessed Of as high a value as the
best Of the craft in ancient Egypt,
Mycenae or Crete. This ancient pot.
| terry. nevertheless, is Strangely ig-
Evening star., 1926-12-12

wrinkles that tend to be straight, and
open eyes that have wide, direct
gaze.
X X X
THE faces of American women make
a peculiarly interesting study. 1t
is we'll known that European women
age more quickly than American
women At the same time, American
women mature more quickly-at least,
their faces do.
l am now engaged in painting a
very beautiful girl. child Of IS, the
daughter of one of New York's most
prominent families. If you look at
the picture you will say that she is
a young woman Of 1S. She does look
IS in person. In Europe a girl Of
that age would look like a child
American women seem generally to
be of more even age than the Euro
pean. In middle age they look like
young women. In childhood also they
look like young women.
This again results from the Ameri
can ancestral trait of energy. The
girls show early the marks Of ener
getic and enterprising living in their
faces. That inward energy is the
Evening star., 1926-12-12

and anti-hlibuster press. The Eve
ming Star was emphatic against fill
clustering. The editor. w. D. Wal
ZACH, or his aids, wrote whole.heart-
edly for Paulding and against Walk
err. The Star denounced the whole
job of fllibustering and the whole
bunch of filibusters. Here is part Of
one Star editorial, from the issue of
Tuesday. January 5, 1858:
"Paulding and Walker-The high
er law of destiny has had a novel
manifestation in the last month. The
doctrine of inevitable progress per fas
ct nefas. manifest destiny. has made
singular cOuntermarch in Central
America in this affair of Paulding and
Walker. After having collected
troops and stores on our Southern
Coasts, steamed forth from our ports
and landed them on the coveted do
mains of Nicaragua. imperious Des-
tiny seems to have suddenly changed
her mind, picked up her expedition
again, and brought 1t back to the
Jurisdiction whence 1t set forth, re-
lieving the gray-eyed man of des-
tiny by another commander.
1t would be monstrous to con-
denim Paulding for taking the law
into his own hands in a single in
stance while exonerating Walker
for habitual, repeated and ruth
less violations of the law Paulding
may. indeed, be censurable under
the law, but surely Walker and his
apologists, il nobody else. are estopped
from invoking the vengeance of the
law upon him"
The Star called Walker an "un.
lucky champion and incompetent gen
eral and referred to his wild goose
chase into Sonora and it's ignominious
termination and the auspicious be-
ginning and beggarly ending of the
first expedition to Nicaragua, where
imbecile generalship, consummate
folly and mournful incompetency
wrought out so pitiable but so natural
a conclusion of failure, beggary and
misery" The Star continued: Even
II the interests of the Southern States
of this Union could be advanced by
filibuster aggression conducted under
authority Of the higher law or mani
fest destiny. 1t might be well for them
Evening star., 1926-12-12
Walker the Flibuer Unique Figure the Rambers Chronicle

United States ship Wabash caused
the capture of Walker and 158 of his
army" in Nicaragua, and the fill
buster chief was brought prisoner to
Washington.
Walker was in Washington De-
cember 20, 1857 but l find the first
news of the arrival in this country
of the filibusters in The Evening Star
Monday, January /, 1858. 1t follows:
Arrival of the Filibusters.-From
the Norfolk Herald, extra, we learn
that the United States ship Sara
toga. Capt Chatard, reported in
Hampton Roads on Friday from
Greytown. came up Saturday morn
ing and anchored at the naval anchor
age. She has on board the returned
filihusters of Walkers army, officers
and men, all told. l55-one having
died at sea. another since his arrival
and one arrested on civil process
makes the number embarked at Grey
town 1873. Capt. Chatard having no
orders for their disposal, they will re-
main on board until he hears from
Washington.
"They seemed in good spirits. con-
sidering their situation. Most of
them are American citizens and gen.
orally good looking men-Some OF
them very intelligent. They are,
however, but poorly clad. Capt.
Chatard and his officers paid every
necessary attention to their wants
and made them as comfortable as pos
Sible The officers are permitted to
remain on shore, but the men will
not be allowed the liberty until orders
are received from Washington. The
wife of Capt. Buttricks lone OF the
officers of Walkers former expedition,
who remained in Nicaragua) and three
children have come home in the Sara
toga, Capt. 3. remaining behind.
Lieut.. w. r. Byles has been arrested
on a warrant from the mayor OF
Philadelphia and is in prison await
ing a requisition from the executive
of Pennsylvania"
X X
THE act of Commodore Paulding In
l. capturing Walker and his band
in another country and bringing them
to the United States was debated In
Congress and stirred the filibuSter
Evening star., 1926-12-12

to consider whether the unlucky gen
eral who has led the cause to so many
disastrous conclusions might not
profitably be exchanged for another
leader-one not so renowned over the
world as a hero of defeats"
THE Paulding- Walker case was the
subject of a message from Presi-
dent Buchanan to the Senate Jan
uary {, 1858. The Presidents posi-
ton was that Paulding had no right
to take Walker and his men on for
eign soil, but the President said he
would enforce the neutrality laws and
that statement was accepted as the
Presidents expression of opposition to
f1libustering. l take this short extract
from President Buchanan's message:
I'm capturing Gen. Walker and his
command after they had landed on the
soil of Nicaragua, Commodore Pauld-
ing has, in my opinion, committed a
grave error 1t is quite evident that
this was done from pure and patriotic
motives and in the sincere conviction
that he was promoting the interests
and vindicating the honor of his coun-
try. This power certainly did
not belong to him. Under
these circumstances. when Marshal
Rynders presented himself at the
State Department on the 29th ult.
with Gen. Walker in custody. the Sec
retary informed him that the Execu-
tive Department of the Government
did not recognize Gen. Walker as a
prisoner; that it had no directions to
give concerning him: and that 1t is
only through the action of the ju-
dietary that he could lawfully be held
in custody. In thus far disappearing
the conduct of Commodore Paulding,
no inference must be drawn that am
less determined than I have been to
execute the neutrality laws of the
United States This is my imperative
duty, and | shall continue to perform
II by all the means which the Con-
stitution and the laws have placed in
my power"
Walker was In Washington for
some time and 1 take this from The
Star of January ). 1858:
I'm the meanwhile Mr.. William
Walker may be expected to remain
hanging around this city, attracting
as little attention as any other of the
thousand and one folks invariably ON
hand during a session of Congress
with axes to grind before some
pranch OF the Government or other.
Notwithstanding the efforts of the
wonder mongers of the press sta
toned here to invest his shoulders
with the lions skin of distinction and
notor1ety, we have to assure The
Stars distant readers that already he
and his case attract so little attention
in the Federal metropolis as that not
one In so people here are aware that
he has not already taken his de-
parture"
In this old copy of The Star Is an
which-well, here is
the advertisement: Gen. Walker
Taken Prisoner-Important to the
Public.-I have determined to run off
my entire stock of boots and shoes at
greatly reduced prices. F. NJ. Ma.
gruder, corner Seventh and l."
l find that in 1858 there was com.
plaint against new-fangled entertain.
ment and thirst for amusements OF
the good old days. Read it:
IAN Old-Fashioned Night, With the
Minstrels.-Landis' company of sere-
naders at the Melodeon devote this
evening exclusively to the old songs,
aughable sayings and doings of
minstrels as they were years ago. be-
fore opera troupes became fashion
able"
Evening star., 1926-12-12

with her devotion to passionate ro-
nance. Emotional excesses and life
of too intense. feeling will set the
marks of age upon the face more
quickly than anything else. More
quickly. for instance, than an ener-
getic absorption in some activity or
other. an activity of dress, of social
progress, Of athletics or Of amuse-
ment
The American woman keeps her
youth better than her European sister
because she Is colder.
The American woman's face. in ad-
dition to the cast of features that goes
with an energetic nature. has a Ger
tain cool, elusive indeterminaten of
maturity.
I WAS most fascinated as ! sauntered
l. for the first time along Fifth ave
nue. among splendidly clad young
American women. But these beautiful
ladies. with their shapely limbs and
graceful movements. passed me by,
Evening star., 1926-12-12

kind of mouths in the republic nearby.
what kind of eyes along the seacoast
little distance or a great distance
away. Having had occasion to make
number of portraits of Americans,
have had much opportunity to observe
the difference between the American
and the European types of physiog-
nOmy.
The American face tends to square
ness. In Theodore Roosevelt you
found an example of this. His face
was almost oblong. The American
jaws are wide. They are wide at the
base and squared off at the chin.
There is a firmness and toughness and
Evening star., 1926-12-12
BY DARIO RAPPOPORT.
As told to Prosper Buranelli.

"HE American has a special
kind of face. That doesn't
mean that the faces Of all
Il Americans are alike or even
nearly alike. The people of
cha United States are the descendants
of many different nationalities. You
would expect them to have many diff
ferent casts of conference.-the in
one derived from England, in another
from Scotland. or from Ireland, Ger
many. Italy or Russia. But the face
of the average American has certain
well-marked characteristics setting 1t
apart from that of any of the Eu-
ropeans. In Europe, whenever you
see an American you can pick him
out at once.
am an Austrian by nationality, but
something of an internationalist in the
way of painting. My particular work
has been portraits of people of the
various nations, Naturally | have
made an interested study of the typ
ical faces of the nations--what kind OF
noses you find in this kingdom, what
Evening star., 1926-12-12
Vehicle Tax Pays for Roads.

Levies on the motor vehicle rather
than property taxation are being used
to pay for highways. according to the
United States Department of Agricul.
ture. In 1920 the percentage of high.
way expenditure derived Eron nrom
AEfx AxaHaR M AA - naRk
Evening star., 1926-12-12

him, Walker surrendered to Commo-
dore c. II. Davis, commanding the
United States sloop of war St. Marys.
The prisoner was taken to New Or
Evening star., 1926-12-12

leans, released on bail for violating
neutrality laws, forfeited his bail and
sailed for Greytown with an armed
force. Commodore Paulding of the
Evening star., 1926-12-12
Artist Sees Typical American Face Emerge From Me

tLDi Due Adventurous Ancestry and Their You
nNrtrnE nEurpeTh Compost
New Britain herald., 1926-08-03

AN CPltIGHT PIANO-1or 3i5, fine tone
 flne Iuy. Auurews 4Ul Arch St