davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-09-06
TRIP TO RICHMOND
Of HISTORIC VALUE
Charming Landscape and
Places of Interest May Be
d Seen Along Route.

OF the automobile tours described
in these columns this season, perhaps
none is more full of historic aSSoCl-
atious and scenic attractions than the
route from Washington to hIchmonu'
Traversing some of Virginia most
charming landscape, this trip Is one
that bears repetition and holds the
interest of the tourist who would
learn as he motors. The Stars motor
tours guide accordingly has outlined
the best direct route to Richmond, as
indicated by the accompanying map.
Leaving Washington by way Of the
Highway Bridge, the route passes
through Arlington and Alexandra,
more or less familiar TO Washington
motorists, to Pohick. At the latter
place is an old church where George
Washington was a yestryman. Con
tinuing southward the road leads TO
Occoquan and Dumfries, where, in
1887, was found a stone marking the
grave OF Lieut.. William Harris, May
16, 1908, said to be the oldest monu-
mental inscription found in the United
States. Quantico, the United States
Marine base, is a short distance be-
yond, and as the road branches away
from the Potomac, the motorist passes
through Stafford Court House.
Fredericksburg Half Way.
Fredericksburg, approximately mid
way between Washington and Rich
mond is one of the most interesting
places en- route. In addition to the
Civil War landmarks, the motorist,
perhaps, will want to visit the Ma
sonic Lodge in which Washington
was initiated, passed and raised as
Master Mason in 1852. At the corner
of Charles and Lewis streets is the
house where Washington's mother
Of aHrri. C-f,
and Washington avenue is Ken
more, where his only sister, Betty,
was married.
OF more recent significance. but
equally interesting. is hte old slave
block at Charles and Commerce
streets, the home of President Mon
roe on Princess Ann street and the
Rising Sun Tavern and the Sentry
Box.
From Fredericksburg there is a
good road leading eastward to Co
lonial Beach and Wakefield, the birth~
place of George Washington, the lat
ter place being approximately SO miles
from Washington.
Continuing to the south. however,
the most direct route to Richmond is
by way of Spottsylvania, Coatesville
and Ashland. BY this route Rich
mond is about 130 miles from the Ma
tional Capital and can be reached in
five hours running time. The road is
of concrete and good gravel.
In and near Richmond are many
buildings of historic significance, such
as st. Johns Episcopal Church. built
in 1740, made famous by Patrick
Henry; the State Capitol, completed in
1892, which saw the meetings of the
Confederate Congress; the Confederate
Museum, the home of Chief Justice
Marshall. Mason's Hall and many
others Of Revolutionary and Civil
War days.
Evening star., 1925-09-06

right idea. Sometimes the bearings
aren't getting CREASED the way YOU
think they are, and it pays to look"
Il don't want to get up to my neck
in this job" Smith explained, though
I've a notion that my trip through
that sandy section of the State may
have left some grit in the bearings.
There's no sense in spelling them"
Before Smith had finished explain
ing the garage man had pulled the
wheel straight off, carefully but de-
liberately. The wheel bearing came
with it, and Smith could see that to
remove the bearing from the wheels
was only a matter of pulling It out
with the fingers.
With the wheel off, it was also evi.
dent that d good cleaning of the steer
ing speedle and the remainder of the
assembly which actuated il would be
good insurance against excessive wear.
He also found some grit in the bear
ings and proceeded TO clean them with
kerosene
You should use gasoline" his guide
advised. kerosene will clean the
bearings well enough. but it doesn I
dry quick enough. After you repack
this bearing with grease. some of the
Kerosene will remain and thin the
lubricant. But gasoline Will dry off"
Good Place to Stop.
Satisfied that he had made good
job Of this, that the wheels turned
more easily, and that the bolts were
secure enough to keep the wheels from
having side play, he walked back 10
the rear of the car and contemplated
the job of cleaning the rear axle
bearings.
II don't think I'll tackle them" he
decided at length.
There's no reason why you should. 4"
the garage man suggested. They are
much better protected than the front
bearings, and are practically dust
proof. Even If you forget to grease
them through these holes provided for
that purpose. there is usually enough
grease in the differential to get by the
washers and reach the bearings. I
don't believe you're prepared 10 handle
the rear axle bearings even if an in
Spectlon job was necessary"
Then, tugging at rear wheel to test
the side play, he added: Everything
back here is as tight as a drum A
motorlst in caring for his car has 10
know how to tell the difference be.
tween letting well enough alone and
neglecting things. I think you can
stop right at this point and feel that
you have done a good Job and not
spoiled it by doing too much"
Next week-Handling Hydraulic
Brakes.
Copyright. 1929
Evening star., 1925-09-06
SPECULATION
PREPARES MOTORIST
FOR TROUBLE
Continued from Fifth Fage)

need assistance in solving the trouble.
He will just think of the Sunday when
he and his next-door neighbor/
sketched out the thing in speculation.
Queer things can happen To any
automobile. but queerer things happen
to owners who do not have the knack
OF VisualiAng things going wrong. IT
is sometimes easier To be a little of
d pessimist now than to be swearing
OFF automobiles forever later on.
Take the vacuum system, for in
stance. IT is nice TO go along day aft
er day thinking that nothing can hap
pen TO It or that when something hap
pens you can find a, quick solution.
That is slipsloptomism.
Help of Speculation.
Hero a definite procedure can he
followed. Suppose, for example, the
vacuum system should fail to supply
gasoline to the carburetur? The indi-
cations Of the trouble would be simple
enough, but where would one look for
the reason?
Now, when a. motorist starts specu-
lating like this he is very apt to learn
something about the particular part
in question, and In learning its funC-
tions he automatically learns what
to do when things go wrong. He sees
that unless the screws that hold the
cover to the vacuum tank are tight
the engines suction will leak and no
gasoline will draw from the rear tank.
He will see that as gasoline is drawn
from the rear tank air must be let
into the main tank to take its place,
otherwise the engine would be trying
to make a complete vacuum of the
main gas tank, assuming that the cap
was screwed down tight. This in
stantly reveals the reason for the pin
hole in the cap of the gas tank and
suggests what might happen If it got
ClOgged up.
Suppose the vacuum tank got to
overtiOWing? Then what?
Here he studies the vacuum system
until he finds that there are two
tanks in what appears to be one, and
that when the upper tank fills the
action cf the valves changes the pres
sures so that gasoline can flow
through a flapper valve into the lower
tank, from where it flows by gravity
to the carburetor. If this fapper
valve is broken or If it does not
close properly the lower tank fills TO
a point where II overfiows
This is the way q. little forethought
and speculation can help to make
mysterious car troubles no more puz-
zling than a puncture or a broken
fan belt.
Copyright. 1880
Evening star., 1925-09-06
DANGER OF RUSHING.

Every now and again some car
buyer has an early share Of trouble
simply because he insists upon such
prompt delivery that, after taking
the vehicle off the freight car, the
dealer does not have the opportunity
TO check up on some of the details.
The owner, eager to get away on a
trip, hardly gives the dealer chance
to I'LL II up with gas, oil and water.
Later on the engine becomes over
heated because no one has had a
chance to discover that the timing
was set late at the factory in order
TO prevent employees from running
the car too fast when it is unloaded
Evening star., 1925-09-06
No. 1l4-Treating Wheel
Bearings.


With his license problem solved for
another year, Smith set out once again
to give the car a thorough inspection,
not all at once, but by degrees. Most
motorists make the mistake of think
ing that oyerhauling ought to be a
weeks job, and as they are always
postponing that unpleasant period
when they must be denied use of the
machine. the car is virtually being
neglected all the time.
Smith had long since learned that
he could accomplish wonders simply
by having things handy and doing
every job as 1t comes along. He was
frequently surprised, however, to find
some part of the car which he had
overlooked. The wheel bearings were
d good instance Of this.
He had never given these particular
bearings any consideration other than
to grease them-once. That was the
time when he discovered the differ
ence between axles. He had found that
the front axle was the dead type; that
is, II did not revolve, the wheels merely
revolving on spindles attached to it's
ends. To grease these wheel hubs and
bearings he saw that 1t was necessary
only to pack the hub caps with grease
and screw them on.
ITtdtlng rear bearings.
The rear bearings, however, he
found, required somewhat different
treatment. Here the axles Were live,
so that they revolved with the wheels
instead Of the wheels turning on them.
The bearings were really axle bearings
located at the outer ends of the rear
axle housing. The greasing was by
means of a removable plug that
screwed in a hole drilled through the
housing at the point where each bear
ing was located.
In reviewing these facts, therefore,
he was impressed suddenly by the fact
that he had never removed these bear
ings for inspection and cleaning. After
10000 miles Of running, it was evident
to him that they might need attention.
He decided to try the front bearings
first, because they appeared simpler
than those in the rear. 1t was an easy
matter to unscrew each hub cap, re-
move the cotter pin which kept the
position OF the nut constant, and then
unScrew the nut. What worried him
was what he would find when he had
removed a small thin disk, which he
learned afterward was a bearing re-
| tainer.
Whenever Smith undertook Job he
was not familiar with he always
IdChleu II III tHe HelenDOrnOoQ garage
so that If anything went wrong there
| were always a few mechanics on hand
to help him out. Smith was a good
customer for supplies. so the garage
| man always took an interest in what.
ever Smith was doing with the car. II
| this instance, therefore, he was not
long in helping Smith decide whether
or not to go ahead with what he had
| begun.
Removing the Wheel.
| Coin to clean your wheel bear.
ings?" the garage man asked. Smith
nodded. well, think you've got the
Evening star., 1925-09-06
TRICKS OF TRADE CITED.
Faking Power by Gearing Low at
Rear Axle Discussed.

Faking power by gearing low at
the rear axle is an old and stfll popu-
lar manufacturing trick. IF the IN
strument board were equipped with a
meter to register the speed of the
engine it would be q. simple matter
for any motorist TO tell whether a car
was geared low or high. But. lack
ing such conveniences. he must rely
upon the exhaust when selecting 4
car. Only by the sound Of the ex
haust for a given speed can he gain
some idea Of the number of revolu
tions of the crankshaft. The low.
geared car will sound as though II Is
going so when IL is going 40. The
ammeter and oil pressure gauges can
not be taken as guides, since these
are adjusted at the factory for the
particular speed characteristics OF the
engine.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Cure for Cutting In"

To prevent other drivers from con-
tinually cutting in, drive close enough
to the car ahead so that there is no
room for the man behind to cut in
after he passes. In order to get by he
WIFI have to pass at least two cars
at once. That Will tend to discourage
him in this annoying practice.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
gardlng international automobile

garding international automobile
travel on the continent.
A number OF proposals have been
made by various countries with a view
to the building and maintenance Of in
ternational roads, and the congress
plans to make this one of its main
issues.
1t is planned to connect the larger
and capital cities of the continent by
modern well built and internationally
controlled auto roads. Two of the
most important lines suggested are
Paris-Strassburg- g-Stuttgart-N Nuremberg
Pilsen-Prague-B e-Breslau-Warsaw and
Stralsund Berlin Dresden Teplitz =
Pra gue-Ta bor-V Vienna
Evening star., 1925-09-06

Vibration in an engine is due to
unbalance or unduly heavy or springy
moving parts.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Disc Wheels Fastest.

Disc wheels are q little faster than
wire wheels. both types OF course be.
ing considerably faster than the
wooden variety. De Paolo turned a
speed Of 1915 miles an hour on the
Laurel, Md, speedway, using wire
wheels. Using disc wheels, he aver
aged 1855 miles an hour for 10 miles
Evening star., 1925-09-06
CHANGES ANNOUNCED
IN HOURS FOR FERRY
New Schedule Between Whining
ton and Penns Grove in Driving
to Points in New Jersey.

Announcement has been made ot
changes in the ferry schedule between
Wilmington and Penns Grove, leading
10 points in New Jersey.
From am. 20 am. the fcrr,
operates every hou~ on the hour, and
from 9 am. TO pm. every half
hour. The ferry operates on the hour
schedule after Z pm, the last ono
leaving Penns Grove at midnight and
Wilmington at 1910 am.
Additional trips are made SUNDAYS
and holidays, according TO the an
nouncement, as traffic requires. Tho
schedule is operated on daylight saw
ing time.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
PARLEY WILL DISCUSS
TRAVEL ON CONTINENT
Motor Convention at Milan Will
Take Up Important Topic
of Traffic Rules.

An international convention has
been planned to meet in Milan in early
September to discuss the vitality i'm
portant question of the regulations re.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
John Smith and His Car
BY FREDERICK C. RUSSELL.

John Smith whom motor should welcome
selfish; rather he motoring chap willing and glad
have exploited his
the eother more embe of the motor
Evening star., 1925-09-06
When Axle Injuries Gears.

If the axle has been noisy because
of the ring gear running out, this can
be noted in the wear of the gears.
The teeth on the high side will show
considerably more wear than on the
low. Such a gear should be removed
and checked on a surface plate. If
badly distorted it should be replaced.
Evening star., 1925-03-01

-$lo5 Colonial Rag Rugs, in assorted
colors and woven of washable cotton
materials. Splendid floor. coverings
for bath or bedrooms. Monday, each,
Sl.oo.
None sold without this coupon. (S)
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23
Hill MMMWT W T T INhNHTINN

that place, IS cents Of which was for
the children's fund. It will be remem-
bered that Montana is to contribute
$500 towards this fund and Mrs.
Cooper has already sent Mrs. Richards
over $33 for that purpose from this
county.
The association intends to give dur
ing the winter an entertainment. Its
form has not been definitely decided
upon, but the mention of an old folks
concert by Mrs. L. S. Wilson has
been most ~favorably received. This
is a kind of concert that is always
popular, partly because it may,
through a large chorus, actively in
terest a great many. If some of the
"Old folks" can represent persons con-
nected with Columbus life and work
and sing US some songs of that day,
they will give us a unique as well as
an attractive concert.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23
TEACHERS

The Gallatin county teachers instl-
tute was in session at the east side
school house on Wednesday, Thursday
and Friday of this week, the public
schools being closed on those days.
Twenty-four teachers, Is from the
BOzeman schools, were present at the
opening session, and later over Az
were in attendance. County Superin-
tendent Mrs. J. J. Reeves called the
institute to order Wednesday morn
ing and after a brief address invited
Prof. Harmon to the chair to conduct
the work of the institute. That morn
ing was taken up with class work IN
primary number directed by Miss
Maynard, class drill in primary read
ing by Miss Morse, and a discussion
on primary geography led by Miss
BattertOn.
In the afternoon Miss Miner read
a paper on language which called
forth much profitable discussion and
/ Miss Hillix a very entertaining on
kindergarten methods which we hope
to have used more extensively IN our
schools.
Thursday Mr.. WOlfe's paper, M
Tyler's on fractions, Miss Adams on
spelling, C. H. Warren's on physiol-
ogy, Prof. Harmon's on commission.
profit and loss, and Mr.. Hormen's on
writing were all interesting and were
followed by discussions which at times
grew warm and enthusiastic.
On Friday, papers on grammer by
Miss Cooke, advanced geography by
Miss Cantwell, interest and discount
by A. D. McVey, English classics BY
Miss Jones, literature for the teacher
by Miss Stevens and Observations
by Prof. Harmon were read. All were
excellent and were discussed IN
spirited, profitable manner.
There was a large attendance O
visitors at the various sessions, AM
it was the universal sentiment tina
this years institute was a pleasant
profitable one and a marked success
It is with great pleasure that We not
the enthusiasm of the teachers in thel
work. and their earnest desire to be
come acquainted with and to adop
the best methods in The teaching an
training Of their pubils. Our school
are constantly advancing and are be
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23
RED PEPPER FOR
| COLDS IN CHEST

Ease your tight, aching chest Stop
the pain. Break up the congestion.
Feel a bad cold loosen up IN just a
short time.
Red Pepper Rub is the cold REM
edy that brings quickest relief. 1t can-
not hurt you and it certainly seems to
end the tightness and drive the conges-
ton and soreness right out.
Nothing has such concentrated, pene-
trating heat as red peppers, and when
heat penetrates right down into colds,
congestion, aching muscles and sore,
stiff Joints relief comes at once.
The moment you apply Red Pepper
Rub you feel the tingling heat. In three
minutes the congested spot is warmed
through and through. When you are
suffering from a cold, rheumatism
backache, stiff neck OF sore muscles
Just get a jar of Rowles Red Pepper
Rub, made from red peppers, at any
drug store. You will have the Quickest
lrelief known.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23

team and the date Of the contest 1t
will become the property Of the team
winning it three times, not necessarily
cOnsecutively.
The team work Of the Montana col
lege Cadets was pronounced excellent
and they are looked upon as formid-
able competitors for the trophy next
year.
It is the opinion Of many, among
them Lieutenant Colonel Shoemaker,
that the annual contests should be
open to all the members of the COM
panies instead Of teams of five men
representing each company. While 1t
would entail greater expense to the
state, it is believed that it would re-
suit in a highly efficient and well dis
ciplined body Of state militia as well
as creating more interest in the rifle
contests-the only form Of competi-
ton in which the militiamen meet.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23
A PRETTY CHURCH WEDDING
PHILLIPS-ALWARD
Two Of BOzeman's FavOrite Young
People Join Hearts and Hands

Two OF BOzeman's FavOrite Young
People Join Hearts and Hands
On Wednesday evening, Mary W.
Award and Sherman G. Phillips were
united IN marriage at the Presbyter-
ian church by the Rev. Davis Wilson.
The decorations were beautiful, in
GLIDING both ported plants and cut
flowers. The church was thronged
with the friends of the contracting
parties. DR.. George DilwOrth and
John Walsh acted as ushers. The
bridegroom, accompanied by his best
man, George Jackson, entered the
church for the ceremony from the
vestry and was met at the altar by
the bride, who had come down the
aisle on the arm Of her brother, M.
w. Award, followed by the brides
maid, Miss Leah Morris. AS the bride
and the bridegroom approached the
altar and again after the ceremony,
Miss HOnson, the organist, played
Mendelsohnn's wedding march.
A brief Informal reception to a few
relatives and intimate friends was
held after the service at the residence
Of the brides brother, after which
Mr.. and Mrs. Phillips drove to their
pretty new cottage on the west side
The bridegroom, best man, and ush-
ers were in evening dress, and the
bride looked very pretty in an ap-
prOpriate white dress with train anc
long veil. She carried a bouquet Of
white chrysanthemums.
Mrs. Phillips, who was a teacher il
our public schools, and Mr.. Phillip!
are we'll known and ~deservedly popu
lar in our city, and have a host o.
friends who remembered them By
many gifts-tOkens Of their appreci
alton and regard.
Mr. Phillips has for years been con
nected with Wilson and company
store and is now their chief cOnfiden
tial clerk. He is a young mar Of ex
: cellent character and unusually goo
! habits. The Courier extends to hln
it's heartiest congratulations and to nj
> young bride it's sincere wishes TO
I her happiness. May the high hope
: with which the young coupe have en-
tered their new relationship find thei
richest realization, and the brlgt
! prospects before them continue
! grow brighter as the years advance.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23
FARMERS
ATTEND SCHOOL
Enroll In Courses Conducted By
Agricultural Departments
Of High Schools

More than 5000 farmers were en-
rolled in short courses and unit
courses conducted by Smith-Hughes
agricultural departments of Montana
high schools during the last year, ac-
cOrding to the annual report Of M. J.
Abbey, supervisor of vocational ag-
riculture for the state. These special
agricultural courses, the object of
which is to provide opportunity for
farmers to discuss and hear discussed
the important agricultural problems
Of their communities, were conducted
in addition to the regular class room
and supervisory work of the teachers
Of Smith-Hughes agriculture.
Smith-Hughes work in the state is
J conducted under the direction of the
I office Of State Superintendent Of Pub.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23

At her home in the Madison valley,
Gallatin county, Montana, on the 18th
day Of October, 1892, Mrs. Lidia G.
Allen, aged 20 years.
Mrs. Allen was born in the town OF
Sandy Creek, Oswego county, New
York. When she was 10 years old
her parents moved to E~llicOtville, Ca
taraugus county, in the same state
From there they moved to Pennsyl-
vania. In the year 1847 she was mar
ried to Steven Allen. In 1849 they
came west, and settled near Stevens
Point, Wis. She came to Montana IN
1864.
But few women have died SC uni
~versally loved as Aunt Lidia. She de.
voted her whole life to others litter
ally went about doing good. Hell
funeral took place on the 18th inst.
and was largely attended.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23

lie instruction and the Federal Board
for Vocational Education. In Mon
tana the supervisor not only has i'm
mediate charge Of the work in the
high schools but also conducts the de-
partment Of vocational education at
Montana State College, which trains
teachers for Smith Hughes work.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1925-10-23
Columbian Association Matters.

Association MdltSABa
The Gallatin County Columbian as
ISOLATION held .one Of their regular
meetings Monday afternoon at the
Presbyterian chapel. The ladies, al
though they have for unavoidable
causes been delayed in getting all
their working forces in order, are
making progress in getting together
a display that viii be a credit to the
county.
Miss Hanson's statistical report on
boarding houses and hotels was the
only one presented at Mondays meet
ing. It showed that Is women were
engaged in that business in the cOun-
ty, that IL were selw-suppOrting and
= that four supported families, three Of
which families included husbands.
Mrs. j. II. C. Young Of Timberlnet
has sent in 500 from the ladies Of