davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Monmouth inquirer., 1925-09-10
At the Center of the Earth Is a Huge Sphere of
Metallic Iron


We now conceive the earth to be constituted as follows: At the cen
ter il a huge sphere of metallic iron or nickeliron, which extends rather
more than halfway to the surface. Near its outer border particles of
stony matter occur scattered through the metal. These gradually increase
in quantity, while the amount Of metal decreases, until the material is
about half metal and half stone. From this depth outward the amount
Of metal decreases and that of stone increases, until the material is stone
peppered with small and few specks of metal. Finally the iron disappears
and the material is wholly stone 1t a depth of about one thousand miles.
The stone or rock is not uniform. It changes its character outward,
the deepest layers or shells being of very heavy, dense rock. The very
light, granite rocks are at the top. The layers Of limestone, sandstone,
shale, coal, soil and other such materials, are relatively so thin that their
masses are quite negligible when the composition of the earth a a whole
is being considered.
The Monmouth inquirer., 1925-09-10
Water Is Produced Chemically in the Volcano
and Is Then Vaporized
BY DIR. 7. A. JAEGER, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.

When waters do not sep down into the earths internal fires to pro-
dnce the steam, which is the spectacular agent in volcanic eruphons,
water is produced chemically on the spot and vaporized. The subsistence
of great volumes of rock into volcanic craters of an active character bring
to the ~gascharged lavas the material they need These old rocks, very
often heavily laden with iron oxides, release their oxygen content in the
presence Of rising hydrogen. This oxygen then combines easily with the
hydrogen present in solution in lava, heat enough to last for years is re-
leased, and water is thereupOn chemically formed. The water is then
yaporized by the heat, expands and rises with the lava that flows over the
craters edge, and often, as was the case on the island of Hawaii in 1919,
floods into the sea for days on end, killing the fish by thousands and caus-
ing tidal waves of varying intensity. With the flow of lava comes the set
Ting Of the earths crust for miles around the active volcano, and there
may be earthquakes with destruction Of man-made structures in the Vi
cinity and the snufdng out Of human lives.
The Monmouth inquirer., 1925-09-10
The Riffs Are an Ancient People, U~nconquered
for Two Thousand Years
BY. LIEUT.. CON. ]. NJ. KENwoRTHY, British Naval ofcer.

The Riffs are an ancient people who, in spite Of many attempts by
alien invaders, have remained in unconquered possession of their barren
mountain territories for 1000 Yeas. They are Modems, divided into
clans, austere, strictly reigiousy moral and sober. They have fought the
Spanish with varying success since 1912. AbdelKrim, their leader, all
though belonging to wel-known family, was not a ruling chief. He was
educated at the university in Madrid, and served for some years in the
Spanish artillery. Quarreing with the Spaniards, he returned to his ma
tive land, and with the aid Of his brothers and the men of his own tribe
has succeeded in Welding the warning clans into the semblance of a nation.
Years of hard fighting have eliminated the inefficient Caids and brought
to the fore the bravest and most efficient leaders among this brave and
warike people.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
4l55,O0O-T0u
 BATTL-E:SHIP
The Rodney, Largest in the World, Launched
 in England.

Liverpool, Dec. 15.-Princess Mary officiated today at the launching and christening of the battleship Rodney in the shipyards of Campbell, Laird & Co.,, at Birkenhead.
 The Rodney, when commissioned in 1927, will be the largest battleship in the world. Under the Washington treaty its displacement is limited to 45,000 tons. It's armament is also re- stricted, but the vessel will mount nine 16-inch guns in three triple tur- rets, instead of having only two tur- rets ,as formerly.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
DOG TE:A AIMS
 IN BIG RA00E:
Prominent Nomeites, 3 Teams, Speeding
 to Nenana.

Nome, Dec. 17.-A great dog team race is on from Nome to Nenana, the three teams starting yesterday. Dr. Dr. Hoelscher and wife comprise one party; Grant R. Jackson, president of the Miners & Merchants Bank, and James Keenan, well known mining man, the second team, while the third is manned by Representative Thomas Jensen, bound for Juneau to attend a meeting of the Alaska Game Commis- sion.
 Grant Jackson is making his first trip out in twenty years.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
Senate Discusses
 New World Court

Washington, Dec. 15.-The Senate jumped today from its heated discus- sion of foreign debt settlements into the first lap of the new world court
 The consideration, which proposed American adherence to the court, came up under special order, after Shoot, as chairman of the finance committee, failed to obtain unanimous consent for dealing with debt agree ments. Senator Reed, of Missouri, in blocking unanimous consent, took oc- casion also to attack Italian and Brit ish settlements as whitewashing in order to help international bankers.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
Big Controversy Over
 AlaSka's Mail Service

Washington, Dec. 15.-The contro- versy over the Alaska mail service has been deferred until the present service can be completed, according to an order issued by the Postmaster General today
 The present contract for carrying mail to Alaska expires December 31. The postal authorities, in order to cut down expenses, had planned to sub stitute delivery of mail to and from Alaska as freight. Vigorous protests against the inauguration of this sys- tenn were filed by the Seattle Cham
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
Abstract of Gov. Parks
 First Annual Report

Juneau, Dec. 7.-Alaska continued progress industrially during the past year, said Governor George A. Parks in his first annual report to the Sec retary of the Interior, just made pub lie.
 While this advancement is slow, as in the past two years, it is neverthe- less steady.
 Encouragement is found in the fact that the fisheries, mining and forest industries produced larger returns than in the preceding year, and plans for greater development seem to be working out satisfactorily.
 The fisheries industries continued to be the most important in the Ter ritory. The value of it's products, which aggregated $30,584,837, in- creased about per cent over 1923, the expansion being chiefly in the herring fisheries. Labor finds its greatest source of employment in the fisheries. Owing to the seasonal nature of the employment furnished by the salmon and herring industries, the building of permanent popula- ton has been retarded. This has not only been detriment to the Terri tory, but has added to the burden of both industries, since they have found it necessary to import labor from long distances to large number of districts. Governor Parks suggests that the evolution of a plansfor diver- sified fishing, capable of providing al most continuous employment, may solve this problem and bring about ubtantiai increase in the permanent population of the coastal regions. As an instance he 4citeS that enormous cod-fishing banks are located along the coast of Alaska. Despite the easy availability of this valuable. food fish, the codfish products for the year were less than $100,0D0. It is possible, he said, by careful planning, to- osincrease. this many fold.
 All fishing. operations were carried on under the ragulations promulgated by the Secreth hr yof. Commerce as ,au-
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

thoriZed by the Act of June 6, 1924 The Department of Commerce in- creased its field force to take care of the added responsibilities bestowed on it under that law by Congress, and the commissioner of fisheries person ally remained in the Territory most of the season observing conditions and studying the working of the new law and department regulations.
 Conservation of the halibut re- sources was attempted for the first time in 1924 when the North Pacific halibut treaty became effective. Un- der this, halibut fishing was suspend ed for three months, beginning No- vember 16, 1924. The closed season did not affect adversely the produc- tion in this industry, as the catch ishowed considerable increase over that of 1923.
 The census of the seal herd on the Pribilof islands indicated substantial gain, and the revenues derived from the sale of seal skins was more than $700,000. In addition, the sale of blue and white fox skins in 1924 taken from the herd maintained on the same islands amounted to about $50,0O0.
 ''It would be a great benefit to Alaska if d part of the returns from the sale of seals and foxes could be given to the Territory for the main tenance and extension of the public school system outside of incorporated towns" said the Governors report He suggested the propriety of limit ing to 50 per cent of the net returns the expenditures made by the Depart ment of Commerce for improvements on the Pribilof islands, and added: At least 50 per cent should be ailot- ted to the Territory yearly for sup port of the common schools"
 During the year gradual resump- tion in both placer and lode mining was apparent in all parts of the Ter ritory. The total mineral production for. 1924 had a valne of $16,855, ,000
 Continued on Page 2.g
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Washington, Dec. 17.-Found guilty by the general having broken disci- pline by his attac kon aviation poli- eies, Colonel William Mitchell today was sentenced to five years suspen- sion from the army.
 The sentence must be approved by President Coolidge to become effect i've, and in the meantime the air off, cer will remain officially under arrest.
 Mitchell was found guilty on all eight specifications against him, and, sustaining all charges, the court ad- judged the accused guilty of conduct prejudicial to good order and military discipline, insubordination, and utter ances contemptuous to the War and Navy Departments.
 In pronouncing sentence, Major General ,Hawze, president of the court, said that he and his colleagues had taken into consideration Colonel Mitchell's war record, and sentence for this reason had been more lenient.
 eve ask dismissal of the accused, v Major AlIena Gullion, assistant judge advocate of the Mitchell general court martial, declared in his closing argu- ment for the prosecution, "for the sake of the army, whose. discipline he has endangered and whose fair name he has attempted to destroy"
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
After Records Concern
 ing Joshua and Moses

St Louis, Dec. l7.-To record the conquest of Joshu, Bible-time stam- peder, whose command caused the sun to stand still in the heavens, and of the life and laws of Moses, will be sought next spring in Palestine by Dr. Melvin Grove Kyle, president of Xenia Theological Seminary and other research workers, Dr. Kyle an nounced here today.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
UNITED STATES POLICY TO- WARD EUROPEAN POWERS,
 AS DECLARED BY KELLOGG

New York, Dec 17-The United States is committed to the policy of cooperating with European powers for all legitimate purposes, but of avoiding European politics. This was the keynote of an address by Secre- tar yof State Kellogg at dinner given in his honor by the Council on Foreign Relations.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
SEATTLE MAN CHARGED
 WITH DEATH OF BROTHER

Seattle, Dec. 17-Blamed for the death of his brother, Albert Larsen today faced charges of manslaughter, filed in court by the prosecutor. The state accused Larsen with being in toxicated while driving an automo- bile, which plunged over an embank- ment and pinned the victim beneath the waters of shallow creek.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Der of Commerce, by various business organizations in Alaska and bY steamship companies on the ground that the delivery of mail by freight would result in delay, thereby greatly hampering the prompt transaction of business between the States and Alaska.
 The order issued by the Postmas- ter General does not definitely deter mine what policy will be pursued It simply means that no change will oe made in the present system 4cdI the present service expires.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
CHRISTMAS DAY.

A fairly lively Christmas Day is anticipated in ToKotna. The school exercises will form the leading fea- ture, and these will be held on Christi mas night at the Larson & Clough Roadhouse. Following the exercises will be the big dance, and it is ex- pected that not few visitors from different sections will be in attend ance.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
5 Bandits Stage Fake
 Movie Thriller, Brook
 lyn, and Grab $500

New York, Dec. l6.-A robber stood in a doorway and turned the crank of motion picture camera in pretense of making film, while his four com panions, posing as actors in a movie thriller, held up dozen members of the Nitteley Republican Club in Brooklyn and robbed :heln ot S5.5B0.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
MARSHAL-S
 FOR ALASKA
Lynn Smith Nominated by Coolidge to Head
 Fourth Division.

Washington, Dec. 17.-Three nomi nations for United States marshals in Alaska were sent to the Senate to day by President Coolidge.
 The men named, all Alaskans were:
 Albert White, for the First divi sion;
 Charles D. Jones, of Nome, for the Seconnd ndivision;
 Lynn Smith, of Ruby, for the Fourth division.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
Senator LaFolIette Rec
 egnized as Republican

Washington, Dec. f6.-Senator La Toilette was recognized today as a Republican by the Republican Senate committee on committees. La Fol lette was given assignment to stand ing committees just as any other sen- ator of his party.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
Seattle Council Votes, by 5 to 5, to Not Im-
 peach Mayor Brown

Seattle, Dec. 15.-The city council voted not to impeach Mayor Brown. The vote was , to g. The members voting against the adoption of the committee report were Mrs. Bertha E. Landes, Ralph D. Nichols and W. D. Campbell, two of whom are bitter personal enemies of the mayor.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
WHY WEEKS DECLINED TO
 RECOMMEN MITCHELL FOR
 CHIEF ARMY AIR SERVICE

Washington, Dec. 16.-A letter written by Weeks, then Secretary of War, describing Colonel Mitchell as lawless, unfit for high administra- tive position and possessed of the de- sire for publicity at the expense of others, was. presented in evidence to-
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
N. D. Senatorial Ap-
 pointee Not Recognized

Washington, Dec. 15.-An unfavor- able report on the seating of Gerald P. Nye as senator from North Dakota was adopted today by the Senate elections committee. Nye was ap- pointed by Governor Sorhe to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Sen ator Ladd.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Shorty Edgar and Bert Ellison, coming from Fairbanks, were We'd nesday arrivals, and both left Thurs day for Ophir, on their way to Flat, thence to Holy Cross, en route to the Lower Yukon.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Dr. L. w. Fromm, of Aver & Fromm, we'll known dentists, l Thursday arrival from McGrath, .n- ing up with Pete Michels, who is ac- companying Dr. Fromm on his way to Flat.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Billy Jones and Tom Shallow, with supplies for Bob Roberson's camp, left Thursday for Canes creek.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
RUDYARD KIPLING FIGHT
 ING BRONCHIAL PNEUMONIA

Burwash, Eng, Dec: 16.-Slow but satisfactory progress is being made by Rudyard Kipling in his fight against bronchial pneumonia.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
COLBY, EX-sECRETARY STATE, AGREES WITH WIFE TO AN
 AMICABLE SEPARATION

New York, Dec 17.-Bainbridge Colby, Secretary of State during part of Woodrow Wilson's administration and Mrs. Colby have agreed to al amicable separation.
 Mrs. Colby sailed last night .o1 Paris to join her daughter, Kath- erine
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
CARROL, SEATTLE COUNCIL
 MAN, TO RUN FOR MAYOR

Seattle, Dec. Councilman John E. Carroll announced tonight that he will be a candidate for mayor at the February primaries.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Fred aderson and Jack Guinan were recent departures from McGrath for Nenana, at which point MT. Patterson will meet his wife, while MT. Guinan will continue to the Outside.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Bert Dimientieff returned here on Tuesday from Canes, and left We'd nesday for McGrath.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Jack Lamont, from Flat, with the outgoing mail, arrived Friday night and left almost immediately for Me Grath, on his way to Big river.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

John Adams, after several days in town, left Thursday for Canes.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Charlie Ross, bringing the incom- ing mail, arrived Wednesday, and left Thursday for Ophir on his way to Flat.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
Photographic Ticks.

Seattle, Dec. 16.-L. w. Griffith, pioneer promoter, dropped dead at his dinner table today. He once owned the Seattle street railway system.
 Washington, Dec 16.-E. l. Lewis, of Indiana, was today appointed by President Coolidge a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission.
 Olympia, Wash, Dec. 17.-Thomas w. Herut, representative from Pa louse, Whitman county, died today as the result of paralytic stroke.
 Washington, Dec. 17.-Meyer Liss- ner, of oLs Angeles, member of the United States Shipping Board from the Pacific coast, has resigned, effect i've December 31.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

CIV. c. Glass left Friday for a trip to Ophir.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
KARL THIELE CONFIRMED
 SECRETARY OF ALASKA A

Washington, Dec. 17.-The Senate today confirmed the appointment of Karl Thiele to be Secretary Of Alaska.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Washington, Dec. Mitchell told the army court martial today that his trial was the continuation of erorts of the general staff of the army and general board of the navy to depre- cate the value of air power. Air ser vice critics said he had directed his counsel to secure part of the proceed ings without arguments.
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19

Charlie Konietzky returned Tues day from a trip to McGrath,
The Kusko times., 1925-12-19
Mitchell Guilty, Says
 General Court Martial

day at the Mitchell court martial.
 Writing to President Coolidge, the then War Secretary gave these as his reasons for refusing to recommend that Mitchell be 5eappointed assistant chief of the army air service, with the rank of brigadier general.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1925-04-15
THE CnALL|S PUB
csf-e
L|CSCH0OL FORUM

The matter of isuing an annual was
discussed in assembly Monday morn
ing.
The different members of the fac
ulty gave talks and some of the stu
dents entered into the discussion.
There was some opposing sentiment
but the prevailing opinion seemed to
be in favor of putting out the annual
SO student committee will be organ
lied and modified at once.
There is no better investment OF q
little energy and a little money for
this community than in this project.
1t will boost both school and COM
munity and give profitable return
for the outlay. 1t is hoped that ,ey-
cry one will help the matter along,
buy an annual If you are in business
advertise with US and in every way
encourage the students in this worthy
enterprise.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1925-04-15
KEYSTONE GARAGE INSTALLS
AcETYLENE WELDING OUTFIT

The Keystone Garage has just in
stalled one of the finest and latest
Acetylene Welding Outfits in Central
Idaho. The outfit includes a lead
burning blow pipe which is used in
battery work and radiator repairing;
also carbon burning torch used for
removing the carbon from the cylin-
ders of all internal combustion en-
gines. This process removes all car
bon, and does a better job than is
possible by removing the head and
scraping.
The next time you break casting
that will cause delay in getting re-
placement, bring it in and have it
welded and remember that many a
time welded casting can be reinforc
ed, making it much stronger than the
original casting. Any metal can be
welded, worn parts built up, new
teeth placed in gears anything.
Bring it in, I will fix it.
Repair jobs will cost about half
What a new part would cost and you
viii have no delay waiting for parts
TO come from the factory, as is usual
Il the case.
This outfit will weld anything but
breaks in political circles, broken
hearts or break Of day. IT,
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1925-04-15
y + *
Track and Baseball

The Maroon tracksters are now all
workouts. Due to the epidemic of
colds that has been raging in the
High School for the past two weeks,
track work was partly suspended,
but now vigorous training has been
started and is expected to be kept up
until the district meet, which win be
held at Salmon, May 1st and End.
Every event is filled with number
of enthusiasts and competition Is
quite keen, therefore Challis Is sure
to have a versatile track team this
year, and it is almost sure that 1t
will send some contestants 20 the
State meet at Pocatello.
A call was issued to those interest
ed in the girls events. A fairly large
list reported, but not as large as
should turn out for this size school
Athletics among women and girls has
made a remarkable advancement In
the last few years, and at our Uni
versity at the present time, there is
as strong interest shown for the con-
tests staged by the girls as for some
of the other events. For this reason
We should encourage athletics among
the girls of this school and give them
all the support we can.
" f. q
Those on the honor roll In artth-
metic and spelling in the primary
room this week are:
First Grade
Billy Meats, Emma Marafffo, Bon
ME Jean Dillingham;.
Second Grade
Alice Meats, Edmond Cearley, and
Mary Horton
Alice Meats is leaving school, as
her parents have moved to Clayton
We are all sorry to have her go.
Elsie Fox, Lyle Blume, and Dolles
Coats are in school again.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1925-04-15
THE MESSENGER IS IA YEARS OLD

Fortyour today ;nAls Messenger
pned22Os this has been published
years a period
Central Idaho
the Battle Ground fight
what is the ackay party
a McCaeb and the
his and stands
this
advancement of Central Idaho.
In retrospecion easily
upon
railroad Sub
~ aa dvertisro roe were necesarlv high even dance
tickets
by taking
with six take the
desert
Aro to the of
N1ackay o Salmon river Chalis.
present
years
paper still being
still being by hand and loca
ed in small building in the ae TACK % ne old court House
cf the day before pub
night maybe if
his hack the big lever the
press the paper
nodirols bnbone whole lot of
muscle back up In al thes Years tho country advancdne
came settled IN railroad
Chals succeeded stages
which adc good time as the railroad delivering the mail to Chs
lis tho evening advanced
pnbshesdid with the
country.
publisher took
with its old hand its
obsolete and battered old job press which
he's through gather together
refssr the of this great
al took unbounded faith in the
countrr people which misplaced to-
occupies building 24xo feet and
with the latest in print
tvnecasng machines binding machines
and printing abulatng machines and other devices
which make The office
fixtures are highly polished oahordph glass
dsnav are used other Office
suppl which The place it light airy and well
of good honest workmanship
We have installed heating plants the shop and use
for mower purposes gasoline engine All stock is
stored in under the long counter
big stock OF legal
blanks are ded awav in and light proof cabinet
Of that it IS
s great deal larger than Chals 1t
conducted busnesslke principles
promote and foster any
launched Central Idaho; to use
interests its people and TO
frtber section; rather to be known as
s1sen pleasure in distrb
s Taaraly where they deserved criticism
efforts uIerssup the paperWe strive
make the paper eean that into the
most home IN without injury its occupants
the loyal support and pat
nape which has been that try our
verv best to deserve continues to grow SO viii
Messenger
Call in and over when you are in town we are
never foo busy cha for while with you