davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-10-24
DIR. Fox Host at Dinner
Last Night for Delegates.

DIR. Daniel r. Fox of Pasadena
Calf, presided at an informal dinner
party last night, given by the visiting
delegates from southern California to
the National Council OF the Congrega-
tional Church. The dinner was held
at the Grace Dodge Hotel.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

The ways and means committee ot
the knights of Pythias will give a FIVE
hundred card party at Pythian TEN
nle
Evening star., 1925-10-24
The Red TriancIe 0utinc CInh win

have an alI-day trip 10 WidoWater TO-
morrow. Meet al Cabin John. $3.50
am. Straw ride to Great Falls 80
cents. Hike will be to Cupid's Bower,
where there will be a campfire and
coffee. Bring lunch. cup and spoon.
Edgar r. Gaddis and Waldberg Hew-
lit. leaders.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

The Tivoli Pastime Club will give A
dance. O'Clock, in the Denee ba IL
room, 1917 + street.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

Mrs. Sam Park and Miss Elizabeth
Park of Biarritz, France. are in Wash
ington, and stopping at the Hamilton
Hotel
Evening star., 1925-10-24

Municipal Council. Roval Area mum.
VIII meet, O'Clock, at Pythian Tenn,
pie.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

lion will give an entertainment and
dance at its building, Eleventh street
and Pennsylvania avenue, tomorrow
9 pm.
Evening star., 1925-10-24
IGHT.

The Biological Society will meet. S
O'Clock, in assembly hall of Cosmos
Club. Vernon Bailey of the Biological
Survey will describe Two Years
Progress in Beaver Farming" and
Mrs. Agnes Chase of the Bureau of
Plant Industry will speak of Hunt.
ing Grasses in Brazil" Visitors vel
come
Evening star., 1925-10-24
ORGANIZATION ACTIVITIES.
TO-DAY.

John Calder of Boston will spea
at As o'clock, at the First Ccngrega
tional Church. Public invited.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

Mr.. and Mrs. Seth Thomas of New
York City are at the Mayfower.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

Anacostia Citizens Associa ton will
meet at Masonic Hall. Fourteenth and
| streets southeast. Election of
officers. DR.. George Bowerrnan. di.
rector of the Public Library, will
| speak.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

The Sea side Club will give a card
party at O'Clock in Society Hall.
Fifth and G. streets.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

Mr.. Y. Than. Mr.. G Than and
Mr.. II. Francke of Stockholm are
registered at the Mayhower.
Evening star., 1925-10-24

False Religions and the True" will
be presented at Unity Lodge Of
Theosophists. 1871 X street, tomorrow,
s pm.
Evening star., 1925-10-24
gin al emoriam.

RORERT TATE. President.
NJ. HOPKINS. Financial Secretary.
Evening star., 1925-10-24
MARK f. WHITE. Secretary.

BONTZ. Friday. October 23 1928. at his
residence. 1890 3@nd st. NV. EDWARD
beloved husband of Elizabeth Bontz and
son of the late Jacob and Johanna Bontz
Services at the above address Monday. Oc-
tober 26. at = nm. Relatives and friends
invited. 1nterment at Glenwood Cemetery
Evening star., 1925-10-24

MIS-. lawson MAYO Fuller is again
III hef home. at 2212 Cathedral ave.
nue.. after spending several months
in Europe. ''''''' IL
Evening star., 1925-10-24

Mrs. {. =. Calhoun entertained "A
small company at tea yesterday after.
noon in honor OF Mrs. Samuel McCon-
nico and Mrs. Charles Warren of New
Orleans, who are visiting Mrs. Delos
A. BlodGett.
Evening star., 1925-11-22
By JAMES STOKLEY.

About 250 years ago the great Eng
lish scientist, Sir Isaac Newton, per-
formed an experiment which started a
new field of research. In his "Op-
ticks the first edition of which was
published in 1904, he thus described
what he did:
I'm a very dark chamber at round
hole about one-third part of an Inch
broad. made in the Sheet of a Win
dow, I placed a Glass Prism, whereby
the beam of the Suns Light, which
came in at that hole, might be re-
fracted upward toward the opposite
Wall of the Chamber, and there form
a coloured Image of the SUN
This was the first artificially OBJ
tanned spectrum to be studied by
science, and. according to the theory
proposed by the Dutch physicist,
Christian Huyghens. before the French
Academic des Sciences in 1878, it was
due to the fact that light consists of
waves.
These waves. or vibrations in the
ether. are much like waves in water,
and the wave theory, which was not
generally accepted until about CEN
tury ago, states that waves of differ
ent colors vibrate at different rates.
The deepest red light that we can see
vibrates about 375 900, 600, ,000. 900 times
a second, while the violet light vibra-
tions are about twice as fast. But
these are not the only kinds of radia-
tions that exist. Vibrating more
slowly than the red are the so-called
infra-red, or heat, waves, which are
copiously emitted by hot bodies. and
may be detected by such an instru.
ment as the rSdiometer, invented by
Sir William Crookes, often used as an
ornament in opticians windows. On
the other side of the visible spectrum
are the ultraviolet rays, which vibrate
more rapidly than the violet. These
affect the films in our cameras and
also tan our skins, for it is their pres
ence in sunlight that causes sunburn.
For many years this represented the
extent of the known spectrum of ra-
diation, but in 1888 Prof Heinrich
Hertz, at the University of Bonn, in
Germany, discovered that if an oscil-
lating electric current was discharged
across a gap it gave rise to what were
later called HertZian waves, in his
honor, and which in the hands of Mar
conf and others made modern radio
communication possible The fastest
vibrating of these have a frequency of
about $50, 900, ,000,0 900 per second, while
the ones used in intercontinental wire.
less telegraphy vibrate as slowly az
100 a second, and the waves may be a
Evening star., 1925-11-22
BIG BUSINESS PROTESTS
FEDERAL COMPETITION
Upheaval Seen in Meeting of 300 Indus
trial Bodies Here December TO
to Discuss Important Matter.

~ lG business has come to the
- crossroads of Government COM
petition with private industry.
- Turning It's face from the ac-
cepted principle that Govern
ment construction must be handled
and can be economically handled by
government agencies big business has
taken into its own hands its right to
protect itself against what 1t declares
to be the growing encroachment of the
Government upon private enterprise.
Heralded as one of the outstanding
industrial upheavalS of the last de-
cade. comparable with the introduc-
tion of the eigh hour day in the steel
industry and the growing power of
jurisdiction boards of award 300 in
dustrial organizations representing bill
lions of dollars In invested capital
have organized a conference to put
squarely up to the Government the
principle that business no longer
wants Government competition In
what 1t regards as purely it's own field.
The conference will meet in Wash
ington December 10, and may be ex-
pected, It's sponsors say, to produce
broad evidence Of waste of public
funds.
Charge Basic Communism.
Ramifications of the situation go
even deeper than money waste they
claim, holding the drastic theory that
extension of business activities in the
realm of Government is in precise
accord with the dictates of the la sic
theories of communism. Other charges
include: Lack of successful Methods.
ef1lcient management and the driving
force created by prospects of genuine
Industrial progress forcing Govern
lnent production costs higher than
those of private business organiza-
tionS.
That enterprises operated by the
Government, usually launched under
the preteXt of saving money through
elimination of private profit almost in
variably result in waste Of public
money, with losses concealed by re-
fusal TO employ modern cost-account-
ing systems.
That political control and "SI,oils''
are the aims of those who sponsor
Government competition with private
enterprise.
Consistently an advocate of non
government competition with private
business, Secretary Hoover has time
after time laid down the principle that
the Government should get out OF
such competition as soon as possible.
Only within the last few davs he re
lterated his stand at shipping con
ference called by the Chdmber 0f
Commerce of the United States Mr..
Hoover clearly outlined his attitude in
! the matter before the Associated Cen
eral Contractors last Winter. when he
said: Il would like to see an indie
pendent investigation into the relative
costs of construction of public works
departmentally, as opposed to CON
tracts. | believe that there would be
waste. He added that in his Gp;nion
construction by contract of pufIi,.
works makes for national economy. a
pronouncement that has found echo
| in speeches by President Coolidge and
| hy his immediate predecessor, Presi-
| dent Harding.
\ preliminary meeting, held to or.
| ganize business in its great gesture
| against Government encroa chmeut On
Evening star., 1925-11-22
WORK BEGUN BY ISAAC NEWTON
RESULTS In SUPER X-RAYS
Volume Published i'm 1904 Tells of Discovery of
First Artifcially Obtained Spectrum Since Util.
lied in Many Vital Experiments.

mile or more in length. Still longer
ones could be produced if they were
of any particular advantage.
The extension of the known spec
trum in the other direction, among
the rays of shorter wave length, or
higher frequencies, than those in the
ultraviolet began in 1895 with VII
helm Konrad Roentgen, at Wurzburg,
Germany. He noticed that when he
operated Crookes tube, named after
Sir William Crookes, it's inventor, and
consisting of a glass bulb exhausted
of air, in which a powerful electric
discharge could be made, a nearby
card, coated with a special chemical
preparation, became luminous. He
also noticed that the rays from the
tube, which he called X-rays, because
he did not know their nature, were
stopped by solid objects like lead and
iron. but were able to pass through
wood and flesh.
In 1912 DIR. Max Laue of Zurich
proved that these Roentgen rays are
the same as light, vibrating more rap
idly and of much shorter wave length.
Their frequency, or rate of vibration,
may be as great as 25 billion-billion
second, and their waves as short as
25-billionth of an inch.
The discovery of these rays led
Henri Becquerel, at Paris, to suspect
that some similar sort Of rays might
be given off spontaneously from mat
ter, and he found in 1896 that actual
rays, able to affect Photographic
plate even when wrapped in black pa.
per were given off from the mineral
pitchblende. Two years later, in 1898,
Pierre and Marie Curie discovered ra-
dunn in this mineral. and the rays dis
covered by RecoIlere1 are noW kpo1yp
as the gamma rays of radium. The
slowest vibrating are identical with
the X-rays of the highest frequency,
while some vibrate as fast as several
hundred billion-billion a second. But
even this was not the limit, for the
new cosmic rays, discovered by Prof.
Millikan, compare with the x-rays as
the X-rays themselves compare with
light, and the study begun with the
simple experiment of Newton is ably
carried on.
Evening star., 1925-11-22
Weary of Morocco,
Spain Must Keep On

Senor Cambo, Catalan leader. re
Gently addressed a letter to Gen. Primo
de Rivera, calling upon him to seize
the opportunity of the Spanish victory
at Ajdir to retire from Morocco. The
principal reason Senior Can4bo' ad-
vances is that Spain is dead. tired of
the burden in Morocco and tifat-Sintil
It is removed the economic. sfeveAops
ment of Spain must be retarded. The
prestige of both the state and the
army is now satisfied. urges Senior
Cambo, and it is time 10 thinR Of the
people. .s+
Gen. Primo de Rivera in reply ad-
mitS that the burden in Morocco is
sSrievous and that the nation would
be We'll rid of il. He asserts that he
has done all he could in that direction
but Spatn's signature attached, to
treaties binds her. lie sees no other
solution than to bear the burden while
striving to lessen it in every way. In
1917, Primo de Rivera, then military
governor of. Cadiz. made a sensational
speech. which was summed up. the
phrase: "Ceuta for Gibraltar and to
hell with the rest of Morocco" Now
Primo de Rivera, dictator. findssit i'm
possible to practice what he then
preached.
Evening star., 1925-11-22
RURAL HOMES SAVING GRACE
OF U. S., LONDON EDITOR SAYS
Stracheys Pessimism Dispelled by Auto Trip From
Canadian Border to Philadelphia ''Bed-
rock of the Republic,' He Says

content with the trivial and the OBJ
vious. too proud of things that ought
to be deplored, too ready to leave
the substance and grasp at the shad-
ows of that passing show we call
existence. Even the few idealists that
remained in the United States; I was
told, were of little value, so futile
were their aspirations-a muddy mix
ture of folly and ignorance.
In word, my friends spoke of their
country as did Wordsworth of Eng
land in his great sonnet How could
| who love your country as l love my
own fail TO be perturbed by such
fatal phantoms as were paraded be.
fore me. Happily l found solution
for my fears and support for my
hopes.
Land of Enchantment.
By a noble accident a friend met
me with his car on the Canadian
border and took me from Buffalo to
Philadelphia by road. We went for
500 miles through fields and forests,
by woods, waters, wastes, mountains,
foothills. and plains. AS we passed
along the historic Susquehanna trail
we found all that the tourists could
demand of natural beauty. We moved
as by enchantment through avenues
Of golden boughs, while above and
beyond were the azure of the skies
and the violet ridges of the Pennsyl-
vania Apennines-shades deep en-
powered like those of Vallambrosa.
But there were things better worth
seeing than even these delights of
form and color. We sped past thou
sands of homesteads. barns and farm
houses, orchids and pastures, some
times standing in a kind of benev-
olent isolation. sometimes grouped
in smiling townships and Incorporated
villages.
/ had found salvation. The farms
of the East delivered my soul from
the prison house of pessimism. How
could 1 deem America slave to
materialism and false gods, when I
saw such a homeland, such a strong
hold Of serenity, peace and fruitful
ness. Like the Ancient Mariner, l
blessed the land of homes and the AL
batross Of fear fell from my neck,
Like the Shepherd in Vergil, / saw the
bedrock foundations of the Republic.
If 1 could have caught a farmer as
our car shot down a road worthy
of Roman Consul, I should have
said to him in the words of the Latin
poet only a little altered:
"Ah. happy man. Therefore YOUR
homestead stands.
A shrine and fortress mid it's smil-
ing lands.
Therefore for you the bees, their des.
cant drone,
While from the elm the ring dove
makes her moan'
Probably the proprietor, thus ac-
costed, would have thought me inst
crazy, and have passed on to his
work, in rural contemplation. fancy
free. And yet I feel that in the end
the freemasonry of the heart might
have told him, in spite of himself
that l had spoken the truth. Amer.
lea Is not going to suffer any So
cial. moral. or intellectual catastro.
phe; and what is going to save her is
the noble spirit, kept alive in her
millions of country homes. There
Is the rock on which the Republic
is founded.
tCopyright. 1925)
Evening star., 1925-11-22

i seven days ended November
21:
The British Empire ndra,
Dowager Queen of Great Britain and
widow of Edward VII. died on Friday
at the age of so, sincerely mourned by
the entire empire; and rightly so, as
she was one of the best of queens.
On Wednesday. the Commons ap-
proved ratification of the Rhine pact
and its subsidiary conventions, 375
to 13. There is only one fly in the
ointment, but 1t is an insect of some
bulk. The Dominions We're not con
suited in connection with the negotia-
tionS ConSummated at Locarno, and
there is misgiving lest some or all of
them may resent transaction of a mat
ter so nearly concerning all members
of the empire without such conSulta-
ton. In a recent speech widely quot
ed Gen. SmutS of South Africa limited
the likelihood of such unfaVora BILE
reaction. 1t seems probable that dis
cuSSion of the problem of inter
imperial cooperation respecting mat
ters of common imperial interest is
about to enter lively phase.
The general elections held in Aus
tralia on November 13 resulted in the
return to power with somewhat in
creased strength of the Nationalist
country coalition. Apparently all the
members of the old government
headed by Stanley NJ. Bruce, retain
their seats. The campaign was a very
bitter one
The following was the burden of
the appeal addressed by Mr.. Bruce
to the electors: Shall Australia he
governed by a Parliament, duly elect
ed by the people under d democratic
constitutional form of government. or
shall authority be fiuuted by ire
Sponsible extremists attempting to
arrogate to themselves an automatic
dictatorship over the country"
1t is reported that the Australian
Labor party has learned its lesson
and will purge itself of extremists
The dissolution was because of the
vicious seamen's strike and sundry
developments therefrom. No doubt
Labor's defeat would have been more
severe but that before the elections
several unions interviewed to end the
strike.
The general record of the Australian IN
Labor party is extraordinarily inter
eSting and in many ways very fine,
but of late the party has been passing
through a somewhat unhappy phase.
Five of the six component states OF
the Commonwealth of Australia have
Labor governments.
X x
FranCe.-On Armistice day Il
French Fascist movement League
of Patriotic YOUTH was solemnly
inaugurated in France. some 10000
Youngsters from all over the country
participating in the ceremony. The
speech of the day ended thus:
Financial recovery can be
achieved only by means of dicta-
tor OF finance. who must of necessity
be political dictator. To replace
the parliamentary form of govern
ment only two other forms may he
considered. Communism and FasCism.
The latter has restored to two sink
ing peoples their former greatness.
Our work then, is cut out. We must
suppress Parliament and furnish a
genuine leader to the state"
1t should be added that these young
gentlemen don't wish To be called
Evening star., 1925-11-22

what it regards as its legitimate field,
has already been held by 22 big bust
ness executives, representing the steel
industry, accountants, automobile
manufacturers, insurance underwrit
erS, garment manufacturers and many
others. The meeting scheduled here
December 10 Is the outgrowth Of the
preliminary gathering. Congress will
convene in Washington December I,
and business has not overlooked the
value of its gesture in the minds of
members of Congress in attempting It's
venture, almost cOincidental with the
meeting of the National Legislature.
Although protests, frequent and ex-
tending over a considerable number Of
years, have been made individually
and by organizations against Govern
ment competition in business, the
meeting next month will be the first
organized attempt on the part Of pri~
vate business to line up sentiment
against Government competition. The
Government stretches it's long and
financially powerful arm into nany
and varied lines of industry business
leaders say, all in direct competition
with private enterprise.
Reclamation projects, involving con
struction Of dams costing many mil
lions of dollars. harbor improvements.
bridge construction, the dredging OF
rivers, building of levees and con
StruCtion of buildings, are only few
of the major forms of competition
cited by industry against the Fed
eral Government. Activities of Coz
ernmeut claimed tn he in competition
go 50 far = to include manufacture
of steel filing cabinets and steel win
dow frames in gun shops. business
men say. claiming that much of the
4 i.
Engineer Corps and by the Navy Con
structiun Corps could be more eco
nomically done by private enterprise.
Government competition has been
intensified since the war, they claim.
States and Cities.
Branding the Government as the
accepted leader in the competitive
field. the business men claim States
and municipalities have entered ac-
! tivitieS which legirimateIy belong to
private business, constructing roads.
schools buildings for State iustitu-
tlonS and reaching the hand Of either
State or municipal competition into
virtually every branch Of the con
struction iuduStrv.
The meeting will be the first Of its
/ type in the history of industrial rela
| TONS between government and bust
htSS. u - viewed ~ many qua rterS
I as the first step Of d rebellion by
| business against practice in which
every Government agency. reaching
down to the smallest municipa lity.
has its part.
A call FOR the meeting bears the
signatures Of the following members
OF the planning committee: Homer
l.. Ferguson. formerly president of
ine 'h"mheI "t Commerce Of the
! United States and president Of the
Newport News ShIpbuilding Co. +
/ highlands Burns Of Ba,tiuure presi-
/ dent OF the Maryland Casualty Co:
Gen, L. &. Marshall. jr of Washing
| ton. general mana ger of the Asso-
| clated General Contractors of Amer
lea. and J. L. Edserton. Nashville
Tenn. president of the National As
| sociation Of manufacturers
Evening star., 1925-11-22

ripe. And if there i 10 he even the
outward semh'ance of reconciliation
between the French and German 200
pies, as cpntraSted with the govern
mentS of the hour it is an antecedenr
condition.
Thus, while between the Armistice
and LocarnO progress toward real
adjustment has been slow and ..t
times fearfully discouragins. in the
end Locarno may well turn OUT 10
have so transformed the E1ropean
situation that the latter phases Inav
be FASTENED and in occupat ation which
could have lasted for 15 years NAV he
shortened by the larger part of a
decade TO the enormous advantage of
world peace and adjustment
Test Yet 10 Come.
In reality the test Of allied states.
manShlD and particularly OF French
will now lie in the degree to which
they support a government in Ger
many which they have resolved to
trust IN the larger questions and can
not afford 10 destroy at home by ham
perinS in the smaller. The single
ultimate argument which may enable
Stresemann and Luther to survive
domestic assault must he that-while
making concessions which seem to the
German mind very great, while con-
senting to assume heavy burdens
under the Dawes plan and. in the
matter Of Alsace-Lorraine. painful re
nunciattons under the Locarno pact
they have been able in return to
free German soil. re-eStabish German
position in the world ana 50 liuuidate
the war on terms which are neither
Illuminating nor intolera BILE
That This flnfl1
been perceived, the decision in Paris
on the question OF the Cologne zone
clearly indicates. PainIeve and BRAND
have given Luther and Stresemann
the precise victory abroad which will
make almost inevitable their success
on the home front when the Locarnn
pact comes up for ratification in the
Reichstag.
tCopyright 1925