davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-04-04
A Wise Curtailment.

Acts in which dangerous carniv.
orous animals. especially the great
jungle cats, are put through PAGES by
trainers have been dropped by the
Ringing Bros. and Barnum & Bailey
Circus. 1t would be a good thing if
other circuses and the vaudeville cir
cults would follow suit, and they
probably will.
There has been enough criticism
by the public, declares one of the
proprietor brothers, to warrant this
withdrawal. Parents have objected
formances in which men or women
enter the cages of dangerous jungle
beasts. And, If the truth were told,
the parents do not enjoy these scenes
any too well, accompanied as they
are by roars, snarls, whip-cracks and
pistol shots.
The paying public does enjoy acts
which employ animals who appear to
take a playful interest in their own
performances. An elephant is some
times dangerous animal, although
1t usually gives ample premonitory
signs. A seal or sea-lion can infiict
terrible bite; an enraged simian is a
mean customer, but no one expects
or even desires the elimination of
elephant, seal or monkey acts.
The objections to the cat acts and
those utilizing certain bears are sew
eral. The beasts palpably do not en-
Joy their stunts; they must be forced
through them. Their performances
imply course Of training in which
cruelty and fear have played even
greater parts than in the actual public
appearance. These acts are unpleas-
antly reminiscent of the days when
primitive man fought for his life
against predatory beasts, whereas an
elephant or horse act exemplifies the
progress Of man to the point at
which his brains and his patience
could bend to his will the actions and
habits of his physical superiors.
Lastly, the element of danger in
the acts in which ferocious animals
appear is ever present. No trainer
OF these is without scars and the
recollection Of narrow and harrow.
Ing escapes. The jungle beasts will
still be on display, but in the
menageries, where they belong. The
general public will not be far behind
humane societies in welcoming the
change.
Evening star., 1925-04-04
The Shipping Board Row.

The most recent Shipping Board
row has advanced to the point where
the Federal courts have been asked
to settle it. The Pacific Mail Steam
ship Co.. in obtaining a temporary
injunction in the Supreme Court Of
the District of Columbia against the
sale Of ships now being operated by
it to the Dollar Steamship Co., has
made serious charges, involving the
Shipping Board and the Dollar Co.
The Pacific Mail, in it's bill Of COM
plant, declares that a. its bid was
not given consideration by the Ship
ping Board; (2) that the acceptance Of
the Dollar bid is not to the best in
terest Of a permanent American mer-
chant marine and is violative Of pro-
act, and 81 that a majority of the
Shipping Board has been particularly
partial to the Dollar Lines, not alone
in this transaction, in a manner which
is preiudicial to the interests Of the
Government.
The substantiation Of any of these
charges-if any of them can be sub
stantiated-would be sufficient to halt
the sale of the ships to the Dollar
Co. On April Is the Pacific Mail must
make good its charges before the
court, or else permanent injunction
will fail and the sale Of the ships
will procead frnrnedja taIv
There are three angles, at least, to
the present controversy. In the first
place, the Pacific Mail Co. believes
that it has not been fairly treated. and
that the sale should have been made
to it. In the second place, there is
minority of the board which believes
the ships should not be disposed Of,
certainly not unless the prices to be
paid are much higher than offered
now. In the third place, there Is the
majority Of the board, which is in
sisting that the award to the Dollar
Line was properly made, and that
it is the business Of the Shipping
Board to dispose Of the Government
ships and to get the Government out
Of the shipping business as rapidly
as possible.
This Is not the first time that an
injunction has been sought against
the Shipping Board to prevent sales
of ships. In May, 1920, William Ran
dolph Hearst sought an injunction to
prevent the sale Of the Leviathan
and other former German ships
which became the property Of the
United States as result OF the war, to
the International Mercantile Marine.
alleging that company was dominated
by foreign interests. The Government
did not at that time seek to continue
with the sale, and the Jones mer-
chant marine act became a law a
month later, laying down the terms
under which the vessels could be sold.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

patronage from Mayor Hylan, and
they are eager for more of the same
kind from the same I source. Gov.
Smith finds himself confronted by a
possible disagreement with the mayor
over the Staten Island tunnel bill,
which is one of the mayors pet tran
sit projects, and In which he Is backed
by William r. Hearst, a political fac
tor in New York City.
If the governor signs the bill it will
be in opposition to a report Of the
commission appointed by him, and it
is said will be regarded as a surrender
to the Hylan- Hearst influence, which
may initiate against his election to
the Senate. So it is found that both
the senatorial and presidential pros.
poets of Gov. Smith are at this pre-
liminary stage entwined with Tam
many. All of which is deprecated by
the national Democracy outside of the
State of New York, and will be reflect
ed in the course Of the party in the
future.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

way 5000 feet long to facilitate the
transfer of the stone, and 20 years
more TO complete the pyramid of the
Cheops. This pyramid contains $780,
600 blocks of stone averaging some
40 cubic feet. The blocks came from
the Mokattan Hills as well as the
Turah, both of which were on the op-
posite side of the Nile. ...-E-.
@. Why aren't stars visible in the
daytime B 3. c.
A Stars are not visible during the
day because the superior light Of the
sun and its reflected rays from OBJ
jects on the earth is so strong as TO
obliterate the tiny rays from stars so
that they make no impression on the
retina of the eye. At the bottom OF a
shaft or very tall chimney where
no light enters and the direct rays
of sunlight are cut off, the retina
registers the rays from the stars and
hence they become visible.
Q. Where is Enkhuisen &C. S.
a. Enkuisen is a seaport of the
Netherlands on the Zuider Zee. In
seventeenth century it had a popula-
ton of more than 10000 and sent
fleet OF 400 vessels 10 the herring
fisheries. The herring trade has now
| died away and the population is only
7,74s.
Q. Are the black fox and silver fox
different breeds?-W. P.
A The black fox and the silver
fox are the same, the only differences
| being in the terms that are applied
| to those having color variations.
O. Can surplus airplanes be bought
| from the Government?-W. w. b.
A There are no airplanes for sale
.rTart1 ant lr
time.
Q. Why are the dark parts Of Z
photograph film light when a, pic
ture is printed?-T: S.
A. The Bureau OF Standards says
| the ordinary process Of printing re-
| verses the dense and light portions OF
! the negative. This is caused by the
| light rays passing more readily
| through the light portions or the
negative, thus producing dark por~
tions on the paper
O. Who appoints national bank
| examiners2-J. j. L.
| A They are appointed by the con-
| troller of the currency.
@. Who was the first American of
ficer to lose his life in the late war!
&C. E p
! A. ElrSI Lieut.. w IllIdiIL l. -
| zimons OF the Army Medical Corps
! was the first officer in the A L. E.
to be killed in the World War.
Q. Is life insurance exempt from
| the income tax-M. S.
A Proceeds of life insurance pol
icies paid upon the death of the in
sured are exempt from the payment
| of Federal income tax. Amounts re-
ceived by insured as return OF
premiums paid for life insurance, en-
dowment or annuity contracts are
exempt from Federal income tax.
(Redders of The EUe7sing StGT should
send their questions to The Stdr IN
formation Bureau, Frederic J. Hdsl:i'1,
director, T1oenty-first and G streets
| northwest The only charge for this Se1-r-
| ice IS cents IN stamps for return post
| G9e) "a
Evening star., 1925-04-04
Showing Europe the Way.

Drafting of 80 conventions for codl-
fication of American international
law, designed for discussion by the
international commission of Jurlsts
which is to meet this year at Rio de
Janeiro. may show Europe the way
to solution of its problem Of security,
disarmament and the pacific settle
nent of disputes. Europe's most am
bilious effort in this field was the
Geneva protocol, which apparently
is doomed to failure. 1t is doomed to
failure because, like the Holy AL
lance and other associations of ma
tious purporting to be for purposes
of peace. it had in it the seeds of
oppression and of war. The main
effort of the distinguished jurists who
drafted the 80 American conventions
has been to eliminate these war
seeds.
The 80 conventions taken as
whole constitute a grand scheme for
q community of nations based upon
the solidarity of the American re-
publics, with a complete bill Of the
rights of nations, an American code
Of international law, a pan-American
court of justice for Interpretation Of
the law and machinery for the pacific
settlement of disputes through media
ton and arbitration. Wars Of con-
quest would be outlawed by brief
but effective convention providing
that future acquisition of territory
''by means of war or under the men,
ace of war or in the presence Of an
armed force, to the detriment of any
American republic, shall not be law
ful,'' and it is further provided that
title to territory thus obtained would
be null in fact and in law" 1t
would be difficult to conceive of pro-
vision better calculated to put a curb
on the imperialistic designs of ambi-
tious nations.
Another of the conventions proposes
expansion of the Monroe doctrine into
an international agreement under
which all the Western republics
would be responsible for safeguard
1hS llS1I lSl IlOlItS dSdIlSL dSBTeS
sion by non-American powers. Such
an agreement would be heartily well
coined by the American people. When
the Monroe doctrine was promulgated
the Latin republics were weak and
incapable of self-protection, but now
that they, are collectively strong there
is q disposition to resent the guardian
ship of the United States and in
some instances even to dislike US be-
cause of it.
Europe should keep close eye on
this program for peace in the West
ern world. Though Europe is the
mother Of American peoples and na-
tions, it not infrequently happens that
a mother can learn from her children.
Evening star., 1925-04-04
Corrects Statements.
Minister of Ecuador Tells of Con-
ditions in Guayaguil.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Interested as I am sure you are IN
keeping up the we'll merited prestige
of your trustworthy publication, be-
lieve you would not like that your
paper should publish anything that
might not be exactly the truth; there
fore as the diplomatic representative
of Ecuador, l wish to call your at
tention to the story published In the
magazine section of The Sunday Star
of March %, 1925, part ., entitled
"Prospectors Are CraZed by Lack or
Water on a Plain of Pitch" in which
soma unfavorable reference is made
of the principal port OF my country.
BY the context of that article, read
ers might be inclined to believe that
the port of Guayaquil, where great
part of the story takes place is at
present greatly affected by the yell
low fever and the bubonic plague,
when that is not the case.
The author of the story says that
very morning I had accompanied TO
the grave the wife of our American
consul" That unfortunate incident
happened nearly seven years ago, on
June s, 1918, and was due to yellow
fever, and since that time the sani-
tary conditions of GuayaQuil have
completely changed.
Since 1918 a series OF improvements
in GuayaQuiPs streets and parks, the
installation of a water system and
successful efforts in the eradication
of yellow fever and other contagious
diseases have made of that port one
of the most healthful of the Pacific
coast of South America, and no case
of yellow fever has occurred since
1918.
The sanitation work was carried on
by the local authorities with the CO
operation of the Rockefeller Founda-
ton and the effective fighting meth
DDS became SO pronounced in Guays-
quill that yellow fever was COM
pIetely eradicated. Guayaquil is to-
day free from the feared calamity
and one only has to read the reports
of the visits made in 1920 by DR.. S. b
Grubbs, then chief quarantine ofncer
of the Panama Canal, and of the
later ones made by Drs. H r. Carter,
head OF the Rockefeller Yellow Fever
Commission, and J. H White, assist
ant surgeon general of the United
States Public Health Service, to verify
the healthful conditions that have
prevailed in Guayaquil since 1919, that
is six years previous to the puublica-
ton of the above mentioned story.
In regard to the last paragraph of
the article, in which the author mem
tions that 76 members Of his expedi-
tion fell victims to the head hunters,
might say that only an eagerness OF
broadoasting novel publicity could 40
count as the motive for that state.
ment, for there Is no record in Ecua-
dor and nothing has been published by
the papers telling that the Indian
head hunters have ever killed any
| explorers who have gone to the in
| terror of the AmaZonic forests. On
the contrary, the Indians inhabiting
those regions give every kind of as
sistanoe to. the explorers and serve
| them as guides in exchange for small
| trinkets.
I would appreciate it very much il
you will kindly publish this letter in
| justice to my country and in fair
ness to the thousands of readers of
1 the reliable Sunday Star.
FRANCISCO oCHOA ORTIZ,
-. Minister OF Ecuador
Evening star., 1925-04-04
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN

Q. What are the French, italian and
Spanish equivalents of the word
"Easter"2-B. F. w.
A. The words requested are respec-
lively, paques, pasqua and pascua-
@ How long is Broadway, New
York Clty?--E. S.
A. The preside lent of the Borough of
Manhattan of the City of New York
says that the length of Broadway
within the city limits Of Greater New
York is approximately II miles.
= Q. From what year does the So
called factory system" date in this
country?-P. G.
A. The Bureau of Census says: TT
seems probable that until about the
year 1850 the bulk of general manu-
featuring in the United States was
carried on in the shop and in the
household by the labor OF the family
or individual proprietors, with ap-
prentice assistants, as contTasted with
the present system Of factory labor'
compensated by wages and assisted
by power" However, the factory sys-
tenn was introduced into this country
in the latter part of the eighteenth
century. In 1889 Samuel Slater, who
has been called "the father of Amer
lean manufactures" set up in Paw
tucket, r. l.. the first complete cot
ton achinery to operate in this
country.
Q. Are railroad houses actually
round?-A. G. S.
\. Roundhouses rarely form a COM
plete circle.
sat oil sod
street railway built in New York? ?
G. V. Z.
a. The first elevated in New York
was a. single track line from Bat
terry place to Thirtieth street. opened
to travel July 2, 1867.
Q. What is the meaning of lex
dividend" IN the stock list?-H e. p.
a. 1t is the same as dividend OFF. u
The sale of a stock with the agree
ment that the dividend about to be
paid shall not go to the buyer, or
that the buyer OF q stock is not en-
titled to the next dividend paid.
Q. How many theaters Of various
kinds are there in New York City!
How many are in the so-called Times
Square district, the roaring forties"?
w. O. J.
r. The number of legitimate the
aters is $50, and motion picture the
aters 377. In the streets from about
Thirty eighth to Fiftieth, with the
avenues and. Broadway, the number
of legitimate theaters is about so.
Q. Which city was first to have a
city manager?-M. P. L
A. The city manager plan was first
tried in Staunton, Va, in 1903.
Q. How long was HalIey's Comet?
M p II.
A. Size would depend upon its near
ness to the earth at the time it is
seen. On May 5, 1910, the length of
the comets tail was $4,000, 900 miles.
Q. What kind of stone was used in
tho Pyramids?-G. c.
A The stone used in the construc-
tion of the Egyptian pyramids was
from the Turah quarries. 1t is estab-
lished that 1t took 100000 men work
ing for 10 years to make a. cause
Evening star., 1925-04-04

8
subject to all limitations Of the Mon
roe doctrine and other American laws.
Measures short Of war for the set
tlement of disputes include pacific
and corrective. Pacific, severance Of
diplomatic relations: pacific embargo
and non-intercourse. Corrective, re-
as action taken by
a country to compensate 1t for dam
ages suffered through the action of
another alton taking the law into its
own hands" <This may include a. dis
play Of armed force). Also reprisals,
hostile embargo and pacific blockade,
subject to the consideration of the
Pan-American Union. In no case will
the Pan-American Union or the court
undertake to go beyond the above
means to discourage war, though no
war shall result in acquisition of ter
ritory.
toepyright. 1926. by Paul Y. Collias.S
Evening star., 1925-04-04
Bryan, as millionaire" Rouses
Irony and Tributes of Editors

table householders ask of the RUM
runners is TO keep off their lawns
and out of their flower beds when
they land at night"
The Asheville Times thinks Mr..
Bryan can with good grace accept the
fees of Florida land promoters to
make daily talks, because he has
proved his sincere belief in Miami
land by buying it himself, and the
Reno Gazette declares Mr.. Bryan
bought the property for a permanent
residence, and lis still the last man
in the country to be suspected OF
speculating."
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Germany lost a great man when
Ebert died. His position was difficult
one. and his personality was not as
sertively persuasive. Yet he did all
that any man could do to stabilize
conditions, and did not commit the
egotistic error of attempting too much.
Evening star., 1925-04-04
As Others See Us.

King Solomon said that there is
nothing new under the sun. He may
be as right today as he was when
he said it, but he would have a hard
time laughing off the dictum Of James
Buchan, British author and publisher,
who, ut the completion of recent
tour OF these Uatted States. declared
Evening star., 1925-04-04
Oratoric Riyalries

your home folks say you are the
greatest orator since Cicero"
I'm glad they selected Cicero" an
swered Senator Sorghum, tas the
standard of comparison. If they had
mentioned Sam Spootles or. Gus Cas-
well, the folks out home might have
started an embarrassing argument" !"
Evening star., 1925-04-04
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON,

The Clown.
I tried to laugh,
But I could not.
The comic chaff
I quite forgot.
Too well I knew
That painted clown,
Whose joys We're few,
Despite renown.
To laugh I tried
And still I thought
OF injured pride
With sorrow fraught.
I heard the glee
Which raised a cheer:
But as for me
I shed a tear.
Evening star., 1925-04-04
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia.
All Other States.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively emitted
70 the use for republication of all news dis,
patches credited TO it or not otherwise credited
in this paper and also the local news pup,
llshed herein. All rights of publication OF
special dispatches herein are also reserved.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

French finance has brought up the
question Of the gold standard. There
has been no call for William Jennings
Bryan to act as special adviser.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

The Russian government apparently
has not yet found a way to take itself
out of the hands Of the efficiency ex-
perts.''
Evening star., 1925-04-04

A New York judge has said that it
is legal for a man to wink at a girl.
There is no use Of trying to paddock
an eyelash.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

The East Indians do not find the
British government oppressive. In
fact, London is the favorite scene of
some Of their most defiant enterprises.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Nothing has been left undone to
convince Bobbie La Toilette that the
Gamma Omega Pi Society is a frat to
which he is no longer eligible.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

The Evening star. with the Sunday morning
edition, is delivered by carriers within tne
city at go cents per month: daily only 40
cents per month: Sunday only, 20 cents per
month. Orders may be sent by mail or teIe-
phone Main 5000. Collection Is made py car
r1ers at the end of each month.
Evening star., 1925-04-04
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

Business Office 18th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York Office: 10 East And St.
Chicago Office: Tower Building.
European Once: 16 Regent st, London, England
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Tho packing industry has made
many an Easter egg taste like a rem.
iniscence of April 1.
Evening star., 1925-04-04
Presumption.

The hen your kind applause doth beg,
Though elsewhere credit goes;
For every time she lays an egg
The silly rooster crows.
Evening star., 1925-04-04
In the GuIch.

81 understand you have made ar
rangements to build new fire engine
house."
Eyes," answered Cactus Joe. "The
boys realize there amt enough of
Crimson Gulch to make any differ.
ence If it burned down. But an en-
gine house is a mighty cozy and com.
Portable place for card game"
Evening star., 1925-04-04
Always Behind the ScheduIe

Always Behind the Schedule.
We find no reliable scheme to con.
troll
The debts which display such per-
Sfstent device.
In Summer I'm paying for Winter
time coal;
In Winter I'm paying for last Sum.
mer's ice.
"When hears bout some o. desc
realism plays" says Uncle Eben, 'I's
kind o. glad de do'keeper draws de
line against adnnittin' me to de the
.Ryter.S
Evening star., 1925-04-04

A friend IS a man who can forget
the part of the past that is disagree
able and remember the part that is
pleasant.
Jud Tunkins says q man who re-
fuses to eat onions is generally sacri.
f1cing a present possibility Of enjoy
ment to a romance that never hap.
pens.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Q. Are the black fox and silver fox
different breeds?-W! P.
A The black fox and the silver
fox are the same, the only differences
being in the terms that are applied
to those having color variations.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Q. Can surplus airplanes be bought
from the Government?-W. w. b.
A. There are no airplanes for sale
by the Government at the present
time.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

"The Letters of James Boswell"
collected and edited by Chauncey B.
Tinker, have recently been published
in two volumes. That Boswell never
doubted the greatness of his Life
of Johnson" is shown by this extract
from one Of his letters: II am abso-
lutely certain that my mode of BIZ
ography, which gives not only a his
tory of Johnson's visible progress
through the world and of his publi-
cations, but a view of his mind, in
his letters and conversations, is the
most perfect that can be conceived
and will be more of life than any
work that has yet appeared" The
world has indorsed this view, and
Boswell remains the worlds greatest
biographer.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Q. Where is Enkhuisen?- S.
a. Enkuisen is seaport of the
Netherlands on the Zuider Zee. In
seventeenth. century it had a popula-
ton of more than 10000 and sent
fleet OF 400 vessels 10 the herring
fisheries. The herring trade has now
died away and the population is only
7,74s.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

O. Who appoints national bank
examiners2-J. J. L.
A They are appointed by the con-
troller of the currency.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Q. What is the meaning Of "ex-
dividend" in the stock list?-H e. p.
a. 1t is the same as dividend Off"
The sale of a. stock with the agree
ment that the dividend about to be
paid shall not go to the buyer, or
that the buyer OF q stock is not en-
titled to the next dividend paid.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

.. When was the first elevated
street railway built IN New York ?
G. V. T..
4. The first elevated in New York
was d single track line from Bat
terry place to Thirtieth street, opened
to travel July 2, 1867.
Evening star., 1925-04-04

Q. Are railroad houses actually
round?-A. G. S.
\. Roundhouses rarely form a COM
plete circle.