davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13

turers have in mind only quantity
production at n minimum cost.
To prevent stray fields outside the
instrument, manufacturers of high
quality Instruments use shell type
and cruciform types of cores in place
of the ordinary core type. They also
provide metal shields that completely
encase the windings and core and pre-
vent stray fields from affecting the
other circuits In the receiver that
cause bowling.
To prevent eddy current losses. the
cores of good transformers are built
up Of many Nominations with proper
Insulation between them and air
spaces to prevent distortion. The
cores are made of special silicon to
prevent hysteres1s losses. Trans
formers Of cheap construction are
made Of ordinary iron. improperly in
sulated and poorly designed without
regard TO minimizing core losses.
That Is the reason why trans
formers which look very much alike
have price tags that are anything but
close relations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13
WEEKLY HOUR OF HYMNS.
WRC Program So Popular 1t Will
Be Given Regularly.

An hour Of old familiar hymns. pre-
sented recently by station WRC
proved so popular that similar pro
grams are being booked regularly
once week. The hymns were broad
cast at the noon hour in conjunction
with the daily organ recital from the
Kilt Studios and were presented b.
George f. Ross. organist. Viola Har
per. suprano. and Ellsworth Tompkins
baritone, soloistS.
Although unannounced in advance
the hymns brought greater response
through the mails than any single
hour of Jazz" or concert music pre-
scented in the past six months. The
hour OF hymns IS now definitely
scheduled every Thursday from IL to
o'clock and many of the leading
church soloists of the Capital have
Offered their services for these pre-
entations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13
Smith Learns More.

The idea of battle in a vacuum
tube was news 10 Smith.
eff that's the situation | should
think this type of tube would he
noisy" he volunteered.
ut is" I agreed, unless very care
fully handled And it is often noisier
than the hard type"
Then why is it used at alp he
queried.
Because with rather low plate cur
rent il can be made to produce fairly
good results l explained. But 1t is
not recommended for use as an ampi-
fer; merely as a detector. We are
drifting, however, away from the
battle which is the important point"
This battle, as l described it to
Smith, is a conflict between the cleo
irons from the lighted filament and
the electrons which form part of each
atom of gas in the tube. The situation
is rather complicated. so we agreed
that it might be a, good idea TO con-
slider just one electron and one atom of
gas.
Picture your electron shooting of
from the filament and heading for the
plate to which it is attracted by rea-
son of the plate being connected to
the positive side of the b battery"
went on. "On its way TO the plate
the electron jumps through one of the
open meshes of the grid, but promptly
bumps into an atom of gas Then the
fireworks commence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13
John Smith and His Radio
BY FREDERICK C.. RUSSELL


it 1cH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13
Atom freaks Up.

An atom of gas is composed Of u
nucleus which is positively charged
with sufficient current to hold around
1t a bunch of electronS which are
negative charges. Naturally our cleo
tron from the filament, being out FOR
a good time and having no deffrte
destination in mind. except to reach
the plate to which it is being drawn.
becomes Interested in the atom. 1t
| has a desire to meet the nucleus. but
1t hasn't any time for the electrons Of
the atom, for in electricity like cur
rents oppose, while unlilies attract.
As Il consequence of this conflict of
purposes the atom breaks up suddenly.
This means that the atom gives up
its own electrons. There is quite a
scene. but finally they all decide to
rush to the plate.
That follows because the plate de
cides it for them, for the plate at
tracts the released electrons as we'll as
the one that was casually going across
the gap. The plate seems to exert
more of Il pull when it sees so many
of the electronS on the point of wan
dering about.
AN odd thing about it is that the
positively charged nucleus Of the
broken up atom, now called an ion,
goes along with the crowd until it
reaches the plate. But. being posi-
tive charge. it is immediately repealed
and quickly travels backward over the
bridge of electrons to the tlament.
Thus az the conflict is building q
stronger bridge or path OF electronS
for the plate current to flow over to
the filament, the ions are actually in
creasing the plate current. This whole
business is rather efficient. as you
would discover this if you tried one OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13

Mrs. Ethel Roosevelt Derby,
daughter of the late Theodore Roose-
welt. is the only woman to be made Il
member of the National Crime Com
mission of the United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13

NBBL. Richmond. Va. decreased its
power from $50 to 100 watts
WEAH, Wichita. kans., has chang
ed its call letters to KFH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-13
No. 43: Hard Tubes and Soft,

Smith was somewhat surprised the
other day when his radio dealer asked
him whether he wanted a hard tube
or a soft one. Not approaching the
difference, he was confused for the
moment
Soft tubes" l explained. ARE the
usual tubes with a little gas in them
to compensate for the lowered vac
uum. Hard tubes are those with "A
higher vacuum, more nearly approach
ing Il true vacuum.
Smith was still thinking Of hard
and soft boiled eggs. In his opin-
ion, eggs. whether soft or hard, were
not always a matter Of taste. There
was the matter Of digestion. Accord
incly, he figured there should be rea-
sons for the difference in degree Of
vacuity of tubes.
There are advantages and disad-
vantages, I fastened to assure him.
The odds, however, are in favor Of
the high-vacuum tube. But I'm glad
the dealer mentioned the soft tube
beCarse there is much to be learned
from it, even If you never used one.
In "a high-vacuum, tupe there Is
what is known as the negative space
charge. If YOU light the filament and
provide no positively charged plate or
grid. the electrons will not jump off
the f.lament. That is because the neg
ltive space charge, being Of like kind
If electricity. rcpelS tie eleCtronS. IN
or,ie,' to start eiectronS jumping on
the flameat. i is necessary to apply
a positive potential to the plate. Up
to certain limits, the more voltage APP
piled TO the filament. and the more
positive potential applied to the plate
and grid, the more electrons will jump
the gap.
That the situation in a hard tube.
In a soft tube the situation is diff
ferent, but you'll agree that it isn't
accurately named when l tell you
that such a tube never has a soft
time Of it. There is a constant con-
fiict going on inside all the time, a
regular battle
Evening star., 1925-07-19

James H. Green, Maurice e. John
son, Augustus G.. Lindsay and Will
liam J. Newsom, all Infantry Re-
serve Maj. Louis c. Vogt. Takoma
Park, Field Artillery Reserve, as
signed to the Field Artillery group;
Second Lieut.. William J. Darmody.
Coast Artillery Reserve. assigned to
Sd Coast Artillery district; Second
Lieut.. James S. Doherty, Quarter
master Reserve, assigned to the 109th
Service Battalion (Quartermaster
Corps), zone of communication; First
Lieuts. Roger D. Thompson and Her
bert F. Weser, both Quartermaster
Reserve officers, assigned to the 315th
Motor Repair Battalion, 1st Army;
and First Lieut.. Sidney H.. Perham,
Quartermaster Reserve. assigned to
the 109th Service Battalion (Quar-
termaster Corps). zone of communi-
cation; Maj. William Wright, Quar-
termaster Reserve, assigned to the
18th Service Battalion (Quartermas-
ter Corps, 1st Army; Second Lieut..
Thurston B. Johnston, Quartermaster
Reserve, assigned to Motor Transport
Company, No. 672; First Lieut.. Gull
Barber, Quartermaster Reserve, as
signed to Motor Transport Company,
No. 673, and the following, all Infantry
Reserve officers. assigned to the 428th
Infantry; Capts. Thomas Johnson,
Theodore r. Borders. Hyman Y.
Chase, Lawrence F.. Jordan, Lancess
McKrASht and Richard c. Turner.
Evening star., 1925-07-19

to the 5th Corps Area. Is relieved from
assignment to the 336th Motor Repair
Battalion, General Headquarters Re-
serves, first three field armies; Sec
ond Lieut.. John G. Rinck, Quarter
master Reserve (branch assignment
group, former address Takoma Park,
having moved to the 9Th Corps Area, is
relieved from attachment to the S0th
Division, for instruction and training;
Second Lieut.. Warder B. Jenkins,
Field Artillery Reserve, having moved
to the 7th Corps Area, is relieved from
assignment to the Field Artillery
group; Capt. Ralph f. Thompson,
Quartermaster Reserve, is relieved
from assignment to motor repair Sec
ton No. 465, Sd Corps; Second Lieut..
John l. Spreckelmyer, Quartermaster
Reserve, is relieved from attachment
to the 109th Service Battalion Quar-
termaster Corps), zone of communica-
tion; Lieut.. Col. John V. Richards. In
fantry Reserve, is assigned to the 521st
infantry Battalion, zone of the inte-
rior; First Lieut.. John G. Mackie, in
fantry reserve, having moved to the
I'd Corps Area, is relieved from as
signment to the 521st Infantry Bat
talon, zone of the interior; First Lieut..
Alfred NJ. Zitani, Medical Reserve, hav-
ing moved to the I'd Corps Area, is
Dispensary No. 8, zone of communica-
ton: Maj. George H. B. Terry, Medical
Reserve, Is relieved from assignment
as surgical ward officer, Station Hos
pital No. 60. zone of communication;
Second Lieut.. Edward NJ. Everett, Cav
airy Reserve, assigned to the 62d Cav
airy Division: Capt Joseph " McNary
(Takoma Park and First Lieut.. James
r. Arnold, both Engineer Reserve, are
attached to the 343d Engineers (gen-
eral service), 18th Corps, for instruc-
tion and training; Second Lieuts.
Thomas c. Dyar and John c. Hay,
both Infantry Reserve, assigned to the
3O6th Tank Company (heavy), zone of
the interior: Capt. Dorrell G.. Dicker-
son. Medical Reserve, having moved to
the 9Th Corps Area, is relieved
from assignment TO Evacuation
Maj. Augustus c. Gray Medical Re-
serve, is relieved from his present as
signment as chief of Medical Service,
Station Hospital, No. So. zone of
communication, and Is assigned to
Evacution Hospital, No. 30 first
Army, in the capacity of assistant
chief of Medical Service; Maj
Howard F. Kane, Medical Reserve, is
relieved from his present assignment
as chief of Medical Service, General
Dispensary No 8, zone of communi-
cation, and is assigned to Evacutien
Hospital, No. 80, 1st Army, in the
capacity of assistant chief of Medi-
cal Service; Capts. Campbell c.
Johnson and Peter L. Robinson, both
Infantry Reserve, assigned TO the
42Sth Infantry; as also Second Lieuts.
Evening star., 1925-07-19
Civilian Army News

great increase Reserve organiza-
tions were rapidly growing into real.
actual and selffunctioning units, with
corresponding increase in esprit and
value.
The past season, 1924-5, was very
successful in every INSTRUMENTATION
and instruction both being placed on
a very high basis, which had never
been reached before.
The main organizations allotted TO
the Washington reserve headquarters
are the 320th Infantry, Col. q. Is.
Young commanding; the 313th Field
Artillery, Col. LIE Roy ". Heron
commanding. and the 34Sd Engi
neers, in command of Col. John
Stewart Progressive programs We're
prepared in advance and strictly fol
lowed. The instruction was largely
carried out by reserve officers under
the supervision of the regimental
comma nders. All the reserve officers
of these respective arms, whether
assigned to the regiment or not, were
invited and expected to take adVan-
tage of the opportunity to increase
their qualifications as officers OF the
Army Of the United States-for actual
service in emergency or for promo
ton in time of peace.
For other branches represented by
assignments and organizations, In
struction assemblies were necessarily
based on branch rather than organi-
zation. Instruction assemblies were
held by officers of the following
branches of the Reserve Corps:
Quartermaster Corps, Ordnance De-
partment Air Service, Signal corps,
Medical Department Including Med
ical, Dental, Medical Administrative
Corps, Sanitary Corps and Veterinary
Corpse, Finance Department and
Chemical Warfare Service. AS
general rule, programs were prepared
and instruction given by a regular
officer on duty in the office OF the
respective chiefs of branches.
From October, 1924, to June, 1928,
an average of 16 assemblies or II
different arms were held monthly,
with a total monthly attendance of
500 reserve officers and an average
attendance of 46. In addition to these
assemblies for instruction, splendid
correspondence course prepared by
the War Department offers opportu-
nity for officers and enlisted men to
go more deeply into details and TO
further improve their military quail
fications. Monthly meetings OF the
Reserve Officers Association, OF which
Mai r. Z. B. McKenney, 32Oth In
fantry. is president, offered most val
liable help through selected talks by
officers of wide knowledge and expert
ence.
Announcement will be made in this
column when the regular work begins
next October. Due to the recent ex-
pansion of quarters at reserve head
quarters in the Graham Building, and
the reassignment of additional officers,
plans are being formulated TO take
up instruction. assemblies for two regi-
ments recently allocated, and addi-
tional arms and branches which. be-
cause of the space limitations, have
not been accommodated in the past.
During the week the following
changes in the assignments of reserve
officers residing in Washington were
announced: Capt. Joseph Peters,
Qua # er.rlaa ster Reserve. having moved
Evening star., 1925-07-19
REMEMBERS WAR DEED.
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch TO The Star.
HAGERSTOWN, July 18.-Sixty.one
years ago, while a picket at a Union
Army outpost in Virginia, hard.
pressed by the Confederate troops,
George Hill. now past so years of
age, was given three loaves of bread
by a Southern family. He was near
starvation. He had been cut of from
his New York company and realized
that to break through the lines of the
rebels" meant death or capture II he
failed.
The enemy household had but little
food, because the district had been be-
sieged for weeks and it was impossible
to buy, but Hill was saved, and now
he is en- route to Lovettesville, Va
to find descendants of the family and
repay the kindness. Hill lives at
York, Pa.
Evening star., 1925-07-19
HAWAII HARbOR
F. HELD INADEQUATE
Aide to Admira Coontz Says
Channel Needs to Be
Deepened.
Correspondence Of the Associated Press.

Correspondence of the Associated Press
HONOLULU, June 23.-Capt. r. NJ.
Griswold, aide for material on the
staff of Admiral Robert f. Coontz,
commander in-chief of the United
States battle fleet, asserted while here
that further proof of the inadequacy
of the facilities Of Pearl Harbor navy
yard, and of the need for deepening
the channel entrance to the keystone
OF American defenses in the Pacific.
had been furnished during the final
days of the fleets visit to Hawaii
prior to its departure for Australia.
Minor electrical trouble, such as
ordinarily would be eradicated at a
navy yard developed on the L. S. S.
West Virginia, one of the latest and
largest of the dreadnaughts. Because
of the vessels immense draft and the
fact that Pearl Harbor channel is not
sufficiently deep, it was considered
unsafe to attempt to send her into the
yard Naval officers were compelled
to perform makeshift repairs at the
West Nirginia's anchorage in Rolling
Bay, approximately a mile off Homo
lulu in open sea. 1t was necessary
TO anchor the IL giant ships Of the
fleet here because of the lack of moor
ing in Pearl Harbor.
Not Equipped for Repairs.
It was also discovered. Capt Girls
void reported, that the yard was not
equipped to make repairs to the faulty
generator of the L. s. S. Pennsylva-
MIA, and il was necessary to remove
the generator and send it to the main
land. 1t was emphasized by Capt.
Griswold that these repairs and nu-
merous others required by the fleet
after the battle of Oahu" and sub
sequent minor maneuVers were rou-
tine matters, faults such as arise from
everyday service. In case of naval
combat in the Pacific, he pointed out,
the larger number of vessels damaged
in action would provide a serious sit
uation unless improvements We're
made to Pearl Harbor, as had been
recommended several times.
The principal improvements desired
are the deepening, Strengthening and
widening of the entrance channel; the
dredging of the Pearl Lochs to
provide anchorage and moorings
for the fleet, and increase repair IA
cilities Recently Senator Frederick
Hale Of Maine, chairman of the naval
affairs committee. said after an in
spection of Pearl Harbor that the
next Congress probably would pro-
vide for enlarging the channel as the
next step in a S5,000.000 naval base
program, and that other improvements
would follow.
Evening star., 1925-07-19
Baptist Assembly to Open.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
FREDERICK. Md, July 1S.-The
ninth annual Maryland Baptist Sum-
mer Assembly will open at Braddock
Heights tomorrow evening when
members of the body will conduct the
weekly song service. About 300 Mary
land Baptists will attend. The lee
turers include DR.. Lincoln Hulley, De-
land, Fla; DIR. Leroy Dakin, New
York; DIR. F. H. Leavell. Nashville.
Tenn; DIR. H. w. Baylor, Baltimore,
and DR.. Samuel j. Porter, Baltimore
People of Australia are so like
Americans in many tastes that they
seek articles preferred in this country.
Evening star., 1925-07-19

During the week the following
changes in the assignments of reserve
officers residing in Washington were
announced: Capt. Joseph Peters,
Ouartermaster Reserve, having moved
The Telegraph-courier. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1888-1946, 1925-08-06
DAIRY WEEK TO
BE OBSERVED
All Wisconsin Invited to
Take Part in Observance
of Dairy Week.
HOTELS TO ASSIST

Products of the Wisconsin dairy
COW will be exploited during the com
ing week, beginning Sunday August
End. This occasion has been officially
set aside to call attention to the
states wealth of dairy products.
Dairy week is sponsored by the Wis
consin Dairy club, officials of which
point to this movement as a striking
opportunity to increase agricultural
and general prosperity through re-
minding the nation that Wisconsin
dairy products are a real contribution
to national health and should be bet
ter appreciated by the nations house
wives.
IF We can bring to the American
dining tables the dairy dishes that
are so prominent in other countries,
we shall give an impetus to Wisconsin
dairying that will mean many millions
of dollars to the farmers, dairy man
ufacturers and general business in
terests of the state" declared Mrs.
Nancy Sampson Hatch, Milwaukee,
chairman of the dairy week committee
of the Wisconsin Dairy club.
I1OLeAS 10 SOOpSNdIcs
Hotels and restaurants will feature
Wisconsin dairy dishes to cooperate
with the movement. Retailers of the
state will feature dairy products in
window displays. Printed matter,
bulletins and posters heralding the
occasion, have been circulated by the
club.
Breeders, dairy farms, and dairy
manufacturers of this county are CO.
operating to bring tn story of Wis
consin's dairy greatness to the at
tention of every visitor in the state.
Means Much to tate.
"There is every reason to believe
visitors will leave Wisconsin telling
everybody, in the months to come, that
Wisconsin dairy products are good
and that dairying is great industry
in Wisconsin," said Mrs. Hatch. Chou
sands of dollars worth of advertising
will result and millions of dollars
worth of dairy business will come back
to us. We can let our visitors know
thai Wisconsin's dairy products are
of greater valuation than all the gold
mined in the country in one year;
that our cheese alone is worth more
than all the silver and copper mined
in one year; that our butter and
cheese is valued at more than all
the iron mined in the great iron state
of Minnesota, and more valuable than
all the coal mined in the great coal
state of Illinois"
The Telegraph-courier. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1888-1946, 1925-08-06
CLOTHES LINE
ROW Is AIRED
Case of Mr.. and Mrs. HOItz
Against the Kosacks
Heard Today.
EXPLAINS Law HERE

Mr. and Mrs. Anton Kosack of
Western avenue were defendants in
the municipal court this morning on
the charge Of abusive language with
Mr.. and Mrs. Alfred Holtz as complain
ants.
The two families live next door to
one another, and for some time have
been having difficulties. The complaint
charged that on two occasions, the Ko
sacks poured forth TRADE of abu-
sive and obscene language upon them.
Neighbors Testify.
Two other residents on Western
avenue, whof live near both the fam
lilies at litigation, testified for the
state and complaining witnesses, rep
resented by Attorney Frank SYM
monds. Mr.. and Mrs. Gales De Ham
mar testified that on both occasions
they heard abusive and unprintable
language issuing from Kosack and
Mrs. Kosack.
Kosack took the stand in his own
defense, denying that he had ever
said anything out of the way more
than you're crazy" and then he de-
clared he was not addressing Mrs.
Holtz but the children who had thrown
something at his windows. Other wit
nesses for the defense were then put
on the stand.
The Telegraph-courier. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1888-1946, 1925-08-06
OrIOwski's Place Now Dark
After Serving of Pad
lock Papers.
JUDGE MAY SUSTAIN
0rIowski Fails to Indicate that
He Will Fight Federal
Case in Court.

The second in the series of paddock
injunctions District Attorney Lewis
Powell has brought against persistent
and notorious violators of the prohi-
bition laws in Kenosha county is now
in effect. The saloon of Kazimir Or
.lowsh at 207 South Brockett street
was closed by Sheriff Frank Willems
on Thursday afternoon following the
delivery into the hands of the sheriff
an order signed by Judge E. B. Bel
den Of the circuit court commanding
the sheriff to take possession of all
property used on the premises in con-
nection with the violations charged
against Orlowski.
The injunction is only a temporary
one and is in force pending a hear
ing before Judge Belden on Saturday
afternoon at two o'clock in the cir
cult court. At that time Orlowski
must show cause why the maddox on
his place shall not be placed in. eff
feet for a period of one year, and if
there is made no answer to the COM
plant of the United States of Ameri-
ca, the Judge can order that the pad
lock be made permanent, or he can in
the discretion of the court release the
paddock and place the owners of the
premises under $500 bonds, as he did
in the Peril paddock case, as assur-
ance to the federal government that
there will be no further violations of
any law of any kind in the building.
Orlowski is Still in Jail.
When the papers were signed by the
circuit court judge the sheriff had a
copy read to Kazimir Orlowski, who
is serving time in the county jail in
connection with one of the sentences
in a liquor conviction. Another copy
was read to Orlowski's wife at the
home on Brockett street, and after
the terms of the papers were ex-
planned to her the sheriff ordered the
place closed, locked, and dark. Or
lowski has not indicated whether or
not he would offer an answer to the
federal complaint on Saturday.
Orlowski has sentence of thirty
days to serve out in Jail. Under the
Huber law he would be entitled to
work out his sentence outside of jail
and report back to the sheriff each
evening and on Saturdays and Sun
days. The sheriff has declared that
Orlowski is unable to do any outside
work and he is making an attempt to
get job in factory for, him, which
would remove some of the expense to
the county in keeping him throughout
the day for thirty days.