davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-06-21
BY 4. G. GARDINER.
Englsnd's Greatest Liberal Editor

TINE prospect of the security
pact scheme being ratified by
Parliament are not rosy. and
i the hostility toward 1t seems
to have increased since the
puhlica ton on Friday of the white
pa per dealing with the subject.
The case for the pact is that Great
Britain Is so deeply involved by the
peace treaty and the practical neces-
stiles of her situation in regard TO the
European problem that ii il impos-
sible to avoid committing herself
further in the interests of peace.
Government organs insist that the
new scheme Is more limited and less
calculable than was former Prime
Minister Ramsay MacDona Ids pro-
tocol proposal. which Austen Cham
berlain rejected upon succeeding Mr.
Macdonald al the foreign Office. but
approval Of the League of Nations.
Opposition Is Formidable.
The opposition 70 the new pact is
formida BILE, and in the labor and in
dependent press 1t is described as
complete surrender TO France and
conversion of the Rhine into a Brit
ish frontier. Great Britain it is as
serted, would be no longer warden of
the English Channel, but warden of
the Rhine.
The argument that the pact is i'm
partial as between France and Ger
Evening star., 1925-06-21
SECURITY PACT IDEA
AROUSES suspicious
France, England and Germany Eye Each
Other During Course of
Negotiations.

many. guaranteeing each against az
gresson Is held to be fallacious. in
view of the apparent freedom or
Fran TO make military use OF the
Rhine zone in the event OF disturb
ance on the Polish Czech frontier.
Such freedom might easily extend
British liza bilities from the Rhine to
the Da mig corridor.
Possible complications of the pact
are most far reaching. and informed
British opinion is deeply perplexed by
the proposal. which would commit the
country irrevocably TO incaiculable
consequences.
Chamberlain Faces Attack.
The subject will come up for debate
in Parliament next Wednesday. and
Mr.. Chamberlain will be attacked as
having fallen into an ingenious trap,
by which England guarantees France
and Germany impa rtially on the
Rhine. while Fra nee. in guaranteeing
her Polish allies, converts the western
pact into an instrument hostile to
Germany on the eastern frontier.
Much depends on the German atti-
tude to the response TO her offer OF
February. The prevalent view here
is that Germany is not likely to ac-
cept terms which make her position
Oil tue 80 tQuISACdl
The tendency of British opinion Is
hostile to military commitments which
bind the country helplessly TO CONT
mental intrigues. and. though the
scheme is based upon the principle OF
arbitration. IL is felt to have grave po-
tentialitieS of a breakdown.
Inclusion of Germany in the League
of Nations is part of the proposal. but
the authority of the league il SO at
tenuated since Mr.. Chamberlain &C.
Cession to Office that its place in the
scheme Is not regarded seriously. The
protocol did represent the mind and
spirit of the league, but the pact how.
ever benevolent in intention. repre-
sents, not the league. but methods OF
old diplomacy debating the policy and
calling in the league as a matter OF
form to witness the signature of the
principals.
An accommodation between France
and Germany is a vital condition for
the restoration of peace in Europe.
But is the pact such an accommoda-
ton, or only the old dog of warlike
alliance dressed in a new coat?
Evening star., 1925-06-21
BY MAMMALIAN HARDEN,
Central EurOpe's Foremost Publicist

Centfal FurOpeS = FOfenOSt fuDtclSt. I.
~ GIVE my word as naval of
fcer that no American will
reach the continent of Eu-
i rope"
These words. spoken on
January Q. 1917. by Admiral Won
HoltZendorff. secretary OF the ad.
miralty. caused the unrestricted sub
marine warfare which proved disas
trous TO Germany.
HoltzeDdorff liz dead and so is
Baron Reisbach. whose recently pub.
lished memoirs contain these words.
But the all-highest Kaiser. King and
lord is rushing about Holland I'm a
motor car. the driver Of which still
has on his cap the letters w. l. r.
(Wilhelm, Imperator Rex. just as in
former times.
The spirit in Germany's upper
10000 is still the same. If Holtzen-
dorfT still lived he would not be de-
spised on account OF the stupidity of
his words, which only fools could be
lieve, but would he feted as staunch
patriot.
Ready fer More FOOlishness.
To have foTeseen what happened
and TO have given warning-that
alone Is considered a sin. Rather tha n
he guilty of such sin people who
know better are ready to repeat every
ostenta tious foolishness. This is seen
gain in the volume of words regard
ing NJ. Bria nd's note on the guara n
tee pact.
Isn't il a success for Berlin states
manship? A change for the better? A
blessing for Europe? Doesn't Musso
lini deserve blame because he alone
hesftated before agreeing to the prof.
ect7
The Duke Of Fascism would gain
everlasting renown IL he would take
the lead In this most important even,
IA the vital European question since
Evening star., 1925-06-21
Fall of Painleve Is Predicted

to repair the vase, but unsucceSsfully
The Socialists unified are going
TO vote against NJ. Painieve-they
have already abStained from voting
in the last eight days-just as they
voted against the Versailles treaty
and occupation of the Rhine. They
years ago. and on them as on others.
years ago and on them as on others.
the same causes produce the same
effects
/. Sees Germsny's Profit.
Reading of the terms relating to
the security pact does not modify
the writer's opinion expressed in his
last two dispatches If the negotia
tions succeed il will transform to
GermanyS profit unilateraI ob1ipa
tions into bilateraI guarantees and
viii change Great Britains role Of
ally into that of arbter
But what the texts add TO the first
statement is that the French nego-
lators are advancing on a slippery
road. They refer in almost every
line TO the Versailles treaty, as II
1t was the sole protection. For in
stance. such terms as these appear
frequently in the French note: with.
In the limits of the treaty. within
the limits of the league of nations
-" ,ohStilltcu DN tno treaty no
substitution for the peace treaties"
Against Treaty Revision.
The note makes il clear that. the
allies in entering into negotiations
TOR security pact cannot consider
any general revision of the treaty
OF Versailles, or modifica ton of par
tlcnlar clauses of the treaty.
But who signed this French note?
NJ. BRAND. who since 1920 has been
the most ardent critic of these
clauses which he upholds today. Who
is at his side in the government?
Joseph CaillauX. whose impreca tions
against the Versailles treaty are az
we'll known as his condemnation for
carrying on correspondence with
agents of the enemy. The writer
does not know whether these gentle
men join 10 their other qualities a
sense of the ridiculous II so. they
must suffer greatly to have to pose
before Europe as adherents of what
they opposed yesterday
The Painleve- Caillaux. BRAND gov.
ernment appeals TO CIemenceau' q
treaties as the sole interna tionaI
safeguard and finds opposed to it
like Clemencea u-Communism and
Socialism 1t is a picturesque sight
for those who remember.
Evening star., 1925-06-21

starting point, as. a formula applica-
ole to human history. Already the
idea is fast becoming organic in our
way of thinking about the origin of
all present arances-whatever be
their nature-as a thought economic
ing formula applicable to all orders of
facts.
Thus. in considering the modern
sciences we trace their origin to
cruder expressions Of knowledge-as-
tronomy to astrology, arithmetic to al
gorithm, algebra to almaca bala
geometry to geomancy. chemistry to
alchemy. and so on through the long
list of sciences which engages the
attention of the student of today"
Evening star., 1925-06-21
BY ANDRE TARDIEU.
Former French High Commissioner
TO the United States.

~ UBLICATIoN of documents
- marking steps in the negoti-
ations between Berlin. Pa ris
i and London regarding the Sc
curity pact; violent scenes
between the Fernch government and
the COMMUNISTS: rupture consid :
cred inevita BILE between the govern
ment and Socialists. that is to say,
break UP of the political formula
calling the Cartel des Gauches
which has been in power since May
II. 1924-this is the balance of the
last week
The writer hastens to add that al
though these events are of n diverse
nature, they have one common. par
ticularly remarkable feature: they
take us back six years to 1919.
The Communists, in the last seS-
sion of the Chamber of Deputies
were discredited by Premier Pain
leve and leaders of the Radical So
cialist party. They have been treated
as traitors. 1t has been declared that
no government could have anything
in common with the doctrine they
represent. But it Is not very long
since they were allowed to join in
an official procession in ia ures' honor
and that the dictatorship at Moscow
was recognized.
gates of the Poincare government
met those of Moscow at the Genoa
conference. 1t is only two Years since
the same Poincare government re-
stored civil rights 10 the deserter,
Marty. who is today the leader of
Communist violence.
Speaks As Ciemenceau.
Today Premier Panleve speaks
as formerly Premier Clemencea II
spoke. He says to the people of the
Third Interns tionale: Between lis
and you it is a question of force
and If he We're offered the 'barbed
wire with which the Tiger wanted
TO surround the Soviets, he would be
ready to fix il himself.
AS to the Socialists with reyolu-
tionary Marxist tendencies, they be-
gin to realize that If they uphold a
bourgeois government. even of the
left. they will lose the election. to
the profit of the Communists, and
they are preparing TO enter the op-
position. Their leader. Leon Blum.
told the writer so a few days ago.
Since then attempts have been made
Evening star., 1925-06-21
Britain's Supremacy Is Foreseen

the conclusion of peace. and prevent
British guardia nship.
Unfortunately only the boIshevists s
seem to have an idea of the impor.
ia nee OF the case. A whole troupe of
the most prominent of them hurried to
Berlin under various pretexts to
threaten or to strike as the case re.
Quire.
1t Is easy to understand what they
rear. -Four or five nation pact includ.
ing Germany would mean disappoint.
ment of their ships for political and
possibly military cooperation with
Germany. Germany might become a
Jumping-of board against the Soviet
republic. Farewell Rapallo treaty: 1t
would not even be easy to stir up
France against England
Five nations with Eastern allies be-
tween the Adriatic and the Baltic. the
Black Sea and the Nistula might de-
eide on a sal nifty Gordon leaving Russia
out in the cold. leaving her almost the
possibility of inciting a wholesale re
bellion on the Asiatic flank of the
British empire.
Sees British Victory.
But America s business capacity will
insure Russia's existence and can pre-
serve her from a return to the ter
rors of military communism. The be
ginnings have been made in the Lena
gold fields and the Hartman agree
ments must be tenderly encouraged
Yet in their anxiety about tomorrow
those in Moscow forgot that the guar
antee pact drafted in London-whfch
the writer called last week the Traf
algar pact-promises then rich har
vest. The pact would be. like Mel
sons battle, British victory over
Europe.
In sos legitimate power vanquishec
the illegitimate genius of Bonap parte
at Trafalgar. The aim Of this ambi
tious visionary was to deliver the con
tipent from British guardia nship and
because this was impossible in 'tht
Evening star., 1925-06-21
NDUSTRY'S PERMANENCY
HELD VITAL TO LABOR
George L. Berry Tells Why Union Seeks
to Promote Greater Efficiency
... Within Its Ranks.

will be not only published in a pre-
sentable and salable manner, but an
efficient and economical system estab-
lished to the end that it's prosperity
and its stability may be enhanced.
School Service Is Free.
Our technical trade school service is
free to our membership: our CORE
spondence courses to our apprentices
are free TO them: our engineering
course is free to newspaper publish
ers of the United States and Canada,
with whom we are in contractual re-
lationship.
The educational work referred to
herein has passed the experimental
stage. 1t is an established fact after
years of study and application. and
II has proven its soundness and its
practicability
period of unparalleled peace as
between the newspa per publishers Of
America. the magazine publishers. the
commercial employing printers and
the membership of the international
Printing Pressmen and Assjsta Mt
Union of North America has resulted
Much of the waste and inefficiency of
the past has been eliminated and our
membership has increa sed it's me-
chanical and artistic equipments. The
industry has profited in dollars and
cents, and the employer and the mem
bers of our organization have OBJ
served with genuine satisfaction the
increase in their income and rates of
compensation
1t is cooperation ba sed upon Amer.
1ca's theory of industrial conduct free
from any color of confiscation. recoe.
nizing the rights of private owner.
ship of property, the competency Of
organized labor and applying the
theory of coordination in promoting
the INDUSTRY upon which all are de.
penoent Tor their economic happiness
and its many attending benefIt,
Evening star., 1925-06-21

English Channel, he tried an indirect
way through Russia and India. The
first creative genius found in any
great power in Europe today would
take the same route. Not on foot,
like Napoleon. and no longer with
weapons, and not against, but with
Russia, and possibly with India,
where the seed will outlive the sower,
Das.
Russia's Hour Would Come.
Then Russia's hour would come.
But. destiny's way does not need to
lead through such horrors. Reason
joins history so subtly together that
England must one day disinterest her
self from Europe, the only continent
on which no land belongs to her. in
order to preserve herself as the center
of the empire.
If NJ. BRAND does not foresee all
this the France of tomorrow will
curse him. And II the Berlin rulers
walk into the pact as if into Eden
they will prove themselves worthy fol.
lowers Of H6lt1Gn6nfHsr : ts - -.-T
Evening star., 1925-06-21
COOPERATION FARMERS
BIG HOPE, JARDINE SAYS
Standardization and Storing of Crops
Among Benefits of Marketing Plan,
Secretary Believes. "s

tive marketing was to be started
among the farmers. and this is what
he said:
There is no mystery about start
ing farmers co-opera tives. They are
not new. Here Is list prepared by
our, department which shows that
10000 of them have already been or
ga nized in this country, :
III. strikes me. however, continued
the Secretary, that We are more in
terested in helping these co-operatives
already in existence to function ef-
ficiently than in Matching new ones
There is nothing more contagious
than success. And if we can help the
associa tions already orga nized TO show
profitab BILE ba Ia nee sheets we will
have taken big step toward making
the cooperative movement perma :
nent.
THAT is why this department is
doing everything in its power to help
co-operatives.
After reminding the Secretary that
at one time there had been consid
erable objection to the cooperative
marketing movement in this country.
! asked him TO outline the chief bene-
fits which the farmer could derive
from such organiza ton.
StdHudTOlZe SOItOn Bales.
"One Of the most widely recognized
benefits is standa rization. That is.
farmer must market his crop ac-
cording to standard just as the manu-
facturer of steel rails sells to suit
certain standards of size, strength and
design.
Take the cotton associations OF the
South for example. The Southern
q l0f t{xynl hnr
time ago, knew very little about vari-
Gus grades of cotton: He mixed his
bales so that his best cotton sold for
about the same price as his poorest.
The cotton associa tions are helping to
change all this by grading cotton.
"Or take the case of potatoes. II
a farmer mixes his shipment, putting
big potatoes. small pOta toes. poor
Quality and good in the SO me lot. he
can't get the price that the tsndard
grades can command. Moreover. II he
ships partially spoiled potatoes. he
gets nothing for them at the other
end, and yet he has to pay the freight
on. the spoiled potatoes. An efficient
ma rketing orga MIA ton helps him to
save all this waste.
Another big benefit derived from
cooperative marketing rs help in
selling a crop at the right time. For
insta nee, perishable fruits must be
rushed to- market in hurry and a
cooperative can handle fruit cars and
trains better than the individual farm
er, who perhaps has less than a car
load to market.
Co-Operatives Store Crops.
"On the other hand, some crops
can command a higher price If the
farmer does not sell until months
after he harvests. But since most
farmers have no means of storing a
crop and also need the money imme-
diately, the co-operatives can step in
and market at the most favorable
times of the year. Also they can
market at the most favorable places.
BY studying the demand for lemons,
for instance. they may discover that
the Milwaukee market Is gmtted but
! the Cleveland market iis in need of
lemons. The individual farmer could
never do this
/ knew that considerable number
of co-operatives had failed, and that
in certain sections the farmers were
Evening star., 1925-06-21

Editors note.-No recent single
effort to reconcile European differ
enceS as bet,reen the allied poWers
and Germany has aroused such a
storm as the dttem pit to bring dbOut
a security pact 1rhich rOuld insure
against aggression in order that
forioUS nations mdV set about
putting their economic and fHon-
Cini houses iu order England.
France and GermdnU oil suspect the
other Of gaining the upper hand ia
the proposals so far made and
this is reflected in the reeklU dis
patches to The star Of Andre
Tdrdieu. noted Frenchmdn: A. g.
Gardiner. English liberal editor. and
Narimilion Hnrden. the noted Ger
man DH HbhCiSt
Evening star., 1925-06-21
BY GEORGE l.. BERRY,
President, international Printing
Pressmen and Assistants Union
Of North America.

"HE prosperity. the stability and
the permanency of industry
means more to the employees
/ than IL does to the employers.
The employe is dependent up
on his weekly compensation. The stop
page Of business stops his income and
imm ediately his standard of living is
ieopardized The employer has the
collateral he can raise money upon
his ownership Hence the continuity
of industry upon a prosperous basis
is infinitely of greater Importance to
the empIoye than it is to the en-
ployer.
With the foregoing as the basis
ethe Internat tiQnal Printing sPressmen
and Assistants Union Of North
America in 1911 concluded to asso-
ciate itself with the work of increas-
ling efficiency in industry, the elimina,
ton of waste and the increasing of
productivity in both quantity and
ton established the first technical
trade school owned and conducted by
a labor union in this or any other
country-a trade school dedicated to
the industry's well being. Since then
number or bra nch schools have been
esta bIished and in all this the or
ganization of employees of the print
ing department of newspaper and
commercial plants Of America-union
men-have expended approximately
81 700 900 to prove it's. genuinensss
of purpose. - :, -
The mother school Is located at
Pressmen's Home, Tenn. the town
built. owned and operated by the
International Printing Pressmen and
Assista nts' Union of North America
This trade school deyelOpmAnt ha 8
paid. substantial dividends to the in
dustry ofAmeidca and has cpntribut ed
generously othe estab blishInent and
ma intena nee Off, that practical and
constructive cooperation between EN-
ployer and employe that is essential
in the conduct or profitable business.
Printing Evils Corrected.
A few years ago the organization
elected to broaden its scope of activi-
ties and establish a department con-
nected with our trade school opera.
tions which was called the engineer.
ing department. The newspapers of
America were invited to send their
papers daily to this engineering de-
partment. More than 500 newspapers
Immediately responded. These papers
are examined daily by an expert in
printing and monthly the publisher of
/ each newspaper and the superintend-
ent of printing-the foreman-are ad.
yised jointly of the defects appearing
in the printing of each newspaper and
the remedy is given. If the remedy is
not applied in due time, or upon ap-
plication of the publisher, an engineer
is sent to the city where the news
paper is published to take charge and
apply the eremetys So that the sPaper
Evening star., 1925-06-21
BY PROF. LOUIS w. MATTERN

~ HE word evolutdon has been
brought recently to the atten-
tion of the public in such a
L way as to create widespread
interest in the evolution idea.
The need OF clear understanding
of the term evolution can certainly be
met at the Capital of the Nation.
where more renowned specialists delve
deeply into the hidden secrets of the
many bra inches of natural science than
In any other city In the world. IL.
Accordingly, a symposium Is hereby
presented by way, or solicited answers
to definite questions given to ayailab BILE
members OF this group of Distinguished
men. - ''.r'
DIR. Charles f.. MunrOe.
DR.. Charles f. Munroe, dean emer-
titus. faculty OF graduate studies,
George Washington University, pro-
found investigator in chemistry di
cal research in the National Research
Council and in the United States Bu-
reau of Mines and wide contributor
TO scientific publica tons:
Are you a believer in evolution?'
AS applied to the expression OF an
orderly and systematic development
of nature. | am
Is the evolution idea. so applied,
modern one?'
NO: on the contrary. 1t is quite
old: according to that eminent eX
ponent of this doctrine. John Fiske,
the evolution idea seems to have been
recognized first in relation to human
history; thence IL was projected upon
animate apd inanimate nature.
1t was early recognized that one
orm OF institution grows out OF an
other; one race out of another: one
language out OF another: thus arose
the suggestion that this might be true
of the order of nature as a whole.
'Laplace applied this idea in as
cronomy when. in his famous nebular
hypothesis. he indicated how the solor
system may have been evolved from
simpler antecedent state of affairs
and Lyell. among others. showed that
the evolution formula is vividly de-
scriptive as applied 10 the configura.
lion OF the earth. From inanimate
nature and human affairs this fertile
idea spread like a leayen to the study
of fauna and flora and man himself.
What Lucretius and much earlier
thinkers had dreamed of: what Leib-
nitZ and Schelling and Kant and other
philosophers with strong interests in
the outer world had sketched in gen
eral terms: what Button. Erasmus,
Darwin, Lamarck, Treviranius, ST.
Hilaire, Goethe and others had ven
tured to promulgate. became through
the work of Charles Darwin, Wallace
Spencer and Haeckel. current intel
lectual coin.
Spreads From Biology
From biology the idea spread to
psychology. and the origins of in
stinctive. intelligent and rational ac-
tivities were sought after: lily the
idea came back again TO its Originai