davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
RGlroads' Problems

The railroads throughout the
country are in q fair state Of
prosperity. Their service IL good
and their supply OF cars is abund-
ant. Their condition would be
improved and the public better
served by q system Of consolida-
lions. ] recommend that the
Congress authorize such CONSOLE
dations under the supervision Of
the Interstate Commerce Com
mission. with power to approve
Dr. disapprove when proposed
parts are excluded or new parts
added. am informed that the
railroad managers and their en-
ployes have reached a substantial
agreement as to what legislation
is necessary to regulate and Inn
prove their relationship. When
: ever they bring forward such pro-
posals, which seem sufficient also
to protect the interests Of the
public, they should be enacted
into law.
Mutual Adjustment
Il IL gratifying to report that
both the railroad managers and
railroad employees are providing
boards for the mutual adjustment
Of differences in harmony with the
principles Of conference, conciIia-
ton, and arbitration. The solu-
ton Of their problems ought to be
an example to all other industries.
Those who ask the projections Of
civilization should be ready to use
the methods Of civilization.
A strike in modern industry has
many Of the aspects OF war in
the modern world. It Injuries
labor and it Injuries capital. If
the industry involved is a basic
one, It reduces the necessary econ
omic surplus: and, increasing the
cost of living, it Injuries the econ
omic welfare and general comfort
Of the whole people. It also in
wolves q deeper cost. 1t tends TO
embitter and divide the community
into warning classes and thus
weakens the unity and power OF
our national life.
Labor can make no permanent
gains at the cost Of the general
welfare. All the victories won by
organized labor in the past gene
ration have been won through
the support Of public opinion. The
manifest inclination of the mana
gers and employees OF the rail-
roads to adopt a policy Of action
in harmony with these principles
marks new epoch in our In
dustrial life. ..
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08

IN the last sixty years IL almost BE-
syohd belief Our country has no
more loyal citizens. but thew 90
sfilli need & sympathy. Kindness
Saridl lIelpfuInes They need re-
ASSURANCE that the reauiremer of
the Government and society t0
deal ont 10 them even-handed JUS
tice win be. met. They should be
protected from all violence and
supported ing the neaceaple enjoy
nnerlt az the frlfitBs of their labor.
Those who do VOL nce 10 them
should he snltttished For their
crimes EOsOther course Of action
Is worthy Of the American people.
Our country has many elements
In It's popula ton. k1Any; different
modes Of thinlking and living. -
OF which are striN ings In their own
way to be loyal to the high ideals
worthy Of the CROWN Of Americas
citizenship. IT, Is fundamental On
our institutions that they seek to
guarantee to all our inhabitants
the right to HYe their own lives
under the projection Of the public
law. This does not include any
license - lm1ure Others materially,
physically. morally. TO tncite revO-
luton. or to violate the established
customs which have lOng had the
sanction OF enlightened society.
But it dOee5n1aAn the full right
to liberty and equality before the
law without distinction OF race Or
creed. This eond ltion can not Be
J granted TO sotllers, aoE enjoyed By
ourselves. except by the appIicn.
ton OF the principle OF brOadesk
toIerance, Bigotry Ii only an.
other name for slavery. IL r..
duces to sarfd0m not only thOsa
against whom II b directed, but
also those who seek to Apply II.
An enlarged freedom can only Be
secured BY the application of the
golden rule. No other utterance
ever presented such = practical
rule of life. e
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08

The industry could serve the pub
lie much better and become sub
ject to a much more effective
method OF control Il regional con-
solicitations and more freedom In
the formation Of marketing asso-
Citations, under the supervision Of
the Department Of Commerce, were
permitted.
At the present time the Nation
eli Government has little or no
authority to deal with this vital
necessity Of the life OF the coun.
thy. IT has permitted itself TO
remain no powerless that its only
attitude must be humble supplica-
ton. Authority should be lodged
with the President and the De
partments OF Commerce and La
Dor, giving them power to deal
with an emergency. They should
be able to appoint temporary
boards with authority to call for
witness and documents, conciliate
differences, encourage arbitration,
and In case Of threatened scare
fly exercise control over distribu-
ton. Making the facts public
under these circumstances through
a statement from an authoritative
source would be of great public
benefit. The report OF the last
coal commission should be brought
forward, reconsidered, and acted
upon.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
R oil
IS SHOWING
DECREASE
Money Paid Out. Is 81, 900. :
600 Less, Than Preceding
Year, Report Shows

The number u pensioners ON
Uncle Sans bounty is decreasing,
the annual report Of commissioner
Of pensions states. -
Within the past year. the roll Of
pensioners has been cut from f525,-
sac to 512 ,537. The total amountxof
money, paid ont for pensions was
$217 ,150, 612, "a decrease of more
than So, 100000 from the preceding
year. . $50
Attention Is devoted in the report
to the retirement fund for Federal
employees. Since August 1, 1920.
IA per cent has been deducted
from the salary OF all Government
workers and the retirement and dis
ability fund has received $73, 907, 4S1
from this source, This sum has
earned $5,S49;62O. Up to the present
time $2$.671, 103 has been disbursed
AS annunities,
Exclusive of annuity payments
and refunds, the. retirement fund
last year amounted to 81, 665s IT'S,
the report says,
During the past fiscal year there
were Al .596 claims before the bureau
under the Civil Service retirement
act. OF these, a but LAT were
disposed Of. and $6,235,S30 was dis
bursed for annpities during the
wear.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Prohibition Enforcement

Under, the orderly processes Of
our. fundamental institutions the
Constitution was lately amended
providing for national prohibi-
ton. The Congress passed an act
for its enforcement, and similar
acts have been provided by most
Of the States. It Is the law Of the
land. It is the duty OF all who
come under It's Jurisdiction to
observe the spirit OF that law
and 1t is the duty OF the Depart
ment Of Justice and the Treasury
Department to enforce 1t. Ac-
ton to prevent smuggling, Illegal
transportation in interstate COM
Merce, abuse in the, use Of per.
mits, and existence of sources of
supply for illegal traffic Is all
most entirely imposed upon the
Federal Government.
Through treaties with foreign
governments and increased activl-
tiles Of the Coast Guard, revenue
agents, district attorneys, and en-
forcementS agents effort is being
made to prevent these violations,
But the Constitution also puts q
concurrent duty on the States,
We need their active and energetic
cooperation, the vigilant action
OF their police, and the jurisdiC-
ton OF their courts to assist in
enforcement. / request Of the
people observance, Of the public
officers continuing efforts fO1 en-
forcementj and Of the Congress
favorable action on the budget
recommendation for the prosecu.
ton OF this work.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Cpil SerUice

In 1888 the Congress- passed
:the civil service act, which from
4 modest beginning OF $4,000 en-
Y1Iovea has grown until there are
now 425. 1000 in the CLASSIFIED
service. This has removed the
clerical force of the Nation from
the wasteful effects Of the spolls
system and made It more stable
and efficient. The time has come
sfe-~ consider classifying all post
masters. collectors Of customs, col
lectors of internal revenue. ana
prohibition agents. by an act Gov
ering In those at present In Office.
except when otherwise proVfded
by Executive order.
The necessary statistics are now
being gathered to form the basis
Of 3 valuation Of the civil serv-
ice retirement fund based on
current conditions Of the service
II il confidently expected that this
valuation will be completed In
time to be made available to the
Congress during the present ses-
sion. It will afford definite knoW-
edge OF existing and future nabili-.
ties under the present law and de-
Termination of liabilities under
any proposed change In the pres
ent law. We should have this in
formation before creating further
obligations for retirement an
nuities which viii become habiH-
ties to be met in the future from
the money of the taxpayer.
The classification act OF 1928,
with the subsequent legislative
action providing for adjustment
of the compensation Of field serv-
ice positions, has operated ma
terially to improve employment
conditions in the Federal service.
The administration Of the act is.
in the hands of an impartial
board, functioning without the ne
cessity Of a direct appropriation.
It would be inadvisabie at this
time to place in other hands the
administration Of this act.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Conelasi6n

lk n annarenf that vte are
srearl,irp ir,fF an ara ~ r.ressf
peneraI prospefitv. II win. cor.
Z f1nIIa. ngilv e.. Io11f az we sl1slI 1IsIa
ST Dropery After ali. there IS
but q fired tYuarltfty az wealth iii
this country gat any fixed time.
The only way that We can an se-
cure more of it Is to create more.
The element 6f time enters into
production. re the people have
sufficient modera lon ana content
ment to be willing to improve
their condition BY the process of
enIarging pr0dC ton, eliminating
waste. and distributing equita bly,
q prosperity almost without LIMIT
Hes before Us. gf the people are
to be dominated Dy selfishneEs
seeking Mnnlediass ricnes Dy non
pfoaucL!Ve spee = -stlOn 40
Wasee1uI quArEel4Ig Over tns ~
turns nom lndnsrl.y, they Will q
c0nIEonled the lneVllApis I. I. "a -
SUITS 81 depresslon a1ad. pLIys.sl0lA.
Lnsy vi eOtLnue ane 49,.
LIZ ! - 49, 49, -
Msssss LIE y pL0aa.s' -.
~ ~ ll. = .e 49,. ~ ,,.t,' 80
es y. 80. iii -
49,. $3.50 -. ,;tIs-
aals..s 49,.
az sAA -. -
slsOALl0 49,.
Rose u = 8 s
~ -. .Ss..,,.,.., IS. ST.
Is. D - y !. ~. 49,
ul.s - $3.50 -,
s1ODsnt s anl w. , y psopl y, 80 80
IlInly 1l1 1 .,s sLaq 10 ACs 49,.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Reclamation Problems

The National Government is
committed, to a policy Of reclama-
ton and irrigation which 1t de.
sires to e9ta blish on 3 sound
basis and continue in the inter
est Of the loca tiles concerned.
Exhaustive studies have recently
been made of Federal reclamation,
which have resulted in improving
the projects and adjusting many
difficulties. About one-third OF
the projects Is in good financial
condition, another third can prob
! ably be made profitable, while
j, TIE other third is under unfavor.
able conditions. The Congress
has already provided for a survey
which viii soon be embodied in o.
5 report. That ought to suggest q
? method OF relief which wi make
unnecessary further appeals to
4 the Congress. Unless this can be
done, Federal reclamation viii be
. considerably retarded. With the
reatly increased cost Of construc-
ton and operation, 1t has become
necessary to plan In advance, by
community organization and Sc
lective agriculture, methods suf-
11cient to repay these increasing
4TutlayH.
The human and economic IN.
terests Of. the farmer citizens sug.
gest that the States should be re-
q1ired to exert some effort and
SIS u m 9 some responsibility,
especially in the intimate, de-
: tai ed, and difficult work Of Sc
curing settlers and developing
farms which directly profit them,
: but only Indirectly and remotely
can reimburse the nation. It Is
believed that the Federal Govern.
nent should continue to be the
agency. for planning and con-
structing the great undertakings
needed to regulate and bring into
use the rivers of the. West, many
Of which are interstate in char
acter; but the detailed work of
creating agricultural communities
{ and a rural civilization on the
land made ready for reclamation
ought to be either transferred TO
~ the State in it's entirety or made
a cooperative effort of the State
and Federal Government.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Outlying Possessions

The time has come for careful
investigation of the expenditures
and success of the laws by which
we have undertaken to administer
our outlying possessions. Al very
large amount Of money Is being
expended for administration In
Alaska. 1t appears so far out of
proportion to the number Of In
habitauts and the, amount of pro-
duction as to indicate cause for
thorough Investigation. Likewise
considerations SHOULD be given to
the experience under the law
which governs the Philippines.
From such reports as reach me
there are indications that more
authority should be given to the
Governor General, so that he will
not be so dependent upon the
local legislative body to render ef-
fective our efforts to set an ex-
ample Of the sound administration
and good government, which % so
necessary for the preparation of
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
except under q joint agreement
Of the several States.
Scientific Research

except under q Joint agreement
Of the several States.
Scientific Research
The Government has already
expended large sums upon scien.
tific research and engineering In.
vestigation in promotion of this
Colorado river project. The
actual progress. has been retarded
for many years by differences
AMONG the seven States in the
basin over their re.ative water
rights and among different groups
as to methods. In an attempt to
settle the primary difficulty Of
the water rights, Congress author
lied the Colorado River Commits
sion which agreed on November
"a 1922, upon an interstate COM
pact to settle these, rights, sub
ject to the ratification of the
State legislatures and Congress.
All seven Safes except Arizona at
one. time ratified. the Arizona
Legislature making certain reser-
vations which failed to meet the
approval OF the governor. Sub
sequently4 an attempt was. made
to establish the compact upon q
six-State basis, but in this case
California imposed reservations.
There appears to be no division
Of opinion upon the major prin-
. ciples Of the compact, but diff
Guilty in separating contentious as
to / methods OF development from
the discussion Of IT, It Ii i'm
perative that flood control be un.
.dertaken Tor California and
Arizona, preparation made for
irrigation, for power and Tor do
nestle water.
Creation Of Agency Urged
Some or all OF these questions
are combined In every proposed
development. The Federal Gov
eminent il interested In some
of these phases, State govern
ments and municipalities and irri-
CATION districts I'm others, and
private corporations In still others.
Because OF all this difference OF
view It il most desirable that
Congress should consider the crea.
ton OF some agency that win be
able to determine methods OF Inn
provement solely upon economic
and engineering facts, that would
be authorized to negotiate and
settle, subject to the approval
OF Congress, the partici pation,
rights, and obligations Of each
group In any particular works.
Only by some such, method can
early construction be secured
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Waterway Development

80 For many years our country
has been employed in plans and
operations for the DEVELOPMENT
OF our intracoastal and inland
waterways. This work along our
coast Is an important adjunct to
our. commerce. It will be carried
on, together with the further
opening up Of our, harbors. as
our resources permit. The Gov.
eminent made an agreement dur
ing the war to take over the Cape
Cod Canal, under which the own
ers made valuable concessions.
This pledged faith Of the Govern.
ment ought to be redeemed.
Two other maink fields are un.
DER consideration. One is the
Great Lakes and st. Lawrence.
including the Erie canal. This
includes stabilizing the lake level,
and Is both waterway and power
project. A joint commission Of
the United States and Canada is
working on plans and SURVEYS
which will not be completed unfiI
next April. No final determine.
ton can be made, apparently,
except under treaty as to the
PSSA NA\AP1CAOAA VI OOLu countries.
The other is the Mississippi river.
system. This Is almost entirely
devoted to navigation. Work on
the Ohio river will be completed
in about three years. A modern
channel connecting Chicago. New
Orleans. Kansas City, and Pitts
burgh should be laid out and
work on the tributaries prose
cuted. Some work is being done
of a preparatory nature along
the Missouri, and large expendi-
lures are being made yearly in
the lower reaches Of the Mis-
sissippi and its tributaries which
contribute both to flood contro.
and navigation. Preliminary
measures are being taken on the
Cola~"do liver nrO'ect, whi ia
exceedingly important for flood
control, irrigation, power develop.
ment, and water supply to the
area concerned. 1t would seem,
to be very doubtful however,
whether it Is practical to secure
affirmative action of the Congress,
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
NatiOnal, Defense


Never before in time of peace
has our country maintained so
large and effective a military force
rs 1t now has. The Army, Navy,
Marine Corps, National Guard and
Organized Reserves represent q
strength of about SIS, 400 men.
These forces are well trained,
well equipped, and high in morale.
A sound selective service act
giving broad authority for the
mobilization in time Of peril Of all
the resources of the country, both
persons and materials, is needed
To- perfect our defensive policy, iE
accordance with our ideals of
equality, The provision for. more
suitable housing to be paid for
out of funds derived from the sale
of excess lands, pending before the
last Congress, ought TO be brought
forward and passed. Reasonable
requirements ought to be made to
maintain a sufficient ammunition
reserve.
The Navy has the full treaty
tonnage Of capital ships. Work is
going forward IN undermining the
older ones, building aircraft car.
rters, additional fleet submarines,
aud fast scout cruisers, but we are
carefully avoiding anything that
might be construed as a coTnpeti-
ton In ornaments with other ma
lions. The joint Army and Navy
= Jnaneuvers at Hawaii, followed by
the cruise Of a full Battle Fleet tn
Australia and New Zealand, were
successfully carried out. These
demonstrations revealed q most
satisfactory. condition. Of the ships
and the men engaged,
Coordination Being Perfected
Last year at my suggestion the
General Board OF the Navy made
an investigation and report on the
relation Of aircraft to warsEifps.
As result authorizations and APP
preparations were made for more
scout cruisers and fleet Submarines
and for completing aircraft car.
riers and equipptng them with
necessary planes. Additional train.
ing Ia aviation was begun at the
Military and Naval Academies: A
method OF coordination and CO.
operation OF the Army and Navy
and the principal aircraft builders
- being perfected. AZ the sug-
gestton of the Secretaries Of War
and Navy aSppointed a special
board to make a further study Of
the problem OF aircraft.
The, report Of the Air Board
Uught to be reassuring 70 the
country, gratifying to the service
and satisfactory to the Congress.
1t is thoroughly complete and rep
resents the mature thought OF the
best talent IN the country. No
radical change in organization, If
the service seems necessary. The
Departments of War, Navy, and
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Immigration

=
while not enough time has
aeIapsed to- afford a conclusive
demonstration, such results as
have been secured indicate that
our immigration law is on the
whole beneficial. It is J1ndOubted-
! ~ protection to the wage
learners of this country The
situation j should, however, be
carefully surveyed, In order to
ascertain whether II Is working
needless hardship upon. our own
Inhabitants. If it deprives them
Of the comfort and society of
those bound to them by close
family, ties, such notifications
should be adopted as viii afford
relief, always sin accordance
with the. principle that our Gov
eminent owes its first duty to-
our own people and that no alien,
inhabitant of another country,
has any legal rights whatever
under our Constitution and laws.
: It is only through treaty, or
through residence here, that such
rights accrue. But we should
not, however, be forgetful Of the
obligations of q common human
Ity.
No Prejudice Against Aliens
while our country numbers
among its best citizens many Of
those OF foreign birth, yet those
who now enter ID violation OF
our laws by that very act there
by place themselves in q class Of
undesirables. II investigation
reveals that any considerable
number are coming here in de
fiance of our Immigration restric-
tons, 1t will undoubtedly create
the necessity for the registration
Of all aliens. We ought to have.
no prejudice against an alien be-
cause he is an alien. The stand
ard which we apply to our In,
habitants is that of manhood, not
place of birth. Restrictive inn,
migration Is to. a large degree for
economic purposes. It is ap-
piled in order that we may !. not
have q larger annual increment
of good people within our bord-
ers than we can weave into our.
economic fabric in. such a way
as to supply their needs without
undue injury to ourselves. ~
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-12-08
Care Of Veterans


II any one desires to estimate
the esteem in, which. the veterans
OF America are held by their fell
low citizens, it is but necessary to
remember that the current budget
calls for an expenditure of about
$3.50 900 900 in their behalf. TIM.
is nearly the amount OF the. total
cost OF the National Government,
fore we entered the last war.
At the two previous sessions OF
Congress legislation affecting
veteran relief was enacted and
the law iberalized. This legisla-
ton brought into being a num-
Der OF new provisions tending
more nearly to meet the needs OF
our veterans, as well as afford
the necessary authority to perfect
the administration of these laws.
Experience with the new legis-
lation so. far has clearly demon
strated its constructive nature.
It has increased the benefits re-
cetved by many and has made
eligible for. benefits many others.
Diract disbursement to the vet
eran or his dependents exceeding
$21 900 900 have resulted, which
otherwise would not have been
made. The degree Of utilization
of our hospitals has Increased
through making facilities avail
able to the incapacitated veteran
regardless of'service origin Of the
disability. eThis new legislation
also has brought about a marked
Improvement Of service, to the
veteran,
Few Changes Are. Advised
The organizations Of ex-service
men have proposed additional leg
islative changes which you will
consider, but until the new law
and the notifications made at the
last session of Congress are given
q more: thorough test further
changes in. the basic law: should
be few and made only after care
ful though sympathetic considera-
ton. frT,.t % .. '-
. The principal work now before
the Veterans Bureau is the per-
lection Of its organization and fur
Their Improvement IN service. Some
minor legislative changes are
deemed necessary to enable the
bureau to retain that high grade
OF professional talent essential in
handling the problems of the blu.
reau. Such changes as tend to-
ward the Improvement of service
and the carrying forward to com
pletion Of the hospital construc-
ton program are recommended
for the consideration of the proper
committees OF Congress.
With the enormous outlay that
is now being made in behalf OF
the veterans and their dependents.
with a tremendous war debt still
requiring great annual expendi.
ture. with. the still high rate of
taxation. while every provision
should be made for the relief Of
the disabled and the necessary
care Of dependents. the ConSrsss