davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
LABOR DISPUTES
START TO BREAK
FAITH IN DAWES
Wonderful "Plan" Is
Found to Be N. G..

neutrality-suspicious., strikes
and dismissals are the order of the
day in Germany's important indus
tries. They are the result of a rise
in the cost of living and the united
resistance Of the employers to a cor
responding raise in wages. The sit
uation is in nearly every case forced
by the employers. who take advan-
tage of some small local dispute to
declare general lockout The chem
ical, glass, textile and metal indus
tries are chiefly affected, but trouble
is also threatening in the coal indus
try and on the railroads, where the
employers are showing hostility to
the modest demands Of the workers.
About 10000 workers are involved
in the various disputes. In the tex
tile industry 10000 workers are lock-
ed out in North Bavaria and Hanover,
and 10000 in lower Saxony. $4,000
chemical workers are involved in
lockouts in the Rhine-Main area and
rs. 900 in Bavaria. $4,000 glass work
ers are out in' bitter struggle for the
S-hour day, and metal workers in diff
ferent districts have been walking off
the job after eight hours work. The
reply Of the employers has been lock-
outs and Wholesale dismissals.
In North Bavaria an arbitration
award granting 54-hour week to tex
tile workers, 500 of whom are wom-
en-, and small increase on overtime
rates was accepted by the union but
rejected by the employers who there
upon locked out $4,000 workers. In
North Bavaria a 25-year-old textile
worker earns less than 12c an hour
about 81 week. Women and young
er workers earn even less.
On the railroads, which have been
turned over to private hands under
the Dawes plan, the employers are
attempting to play of one district
against another, but negotiations arc
now under way among the workers
for national series of demands to
cover all grades. The S-hour day has
for some time been abolished on the
railroads, as well as in the mining and
many other industries.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
LABOR IN THE FAR EAST - RL Heller -:

telligentzia, the student body as has
been the case in the past five years,
but the working class. And new is
the fact that the workers strike has
become the backbone of the entire
nationalist emancipation movement,
the fact that the supremacy of the
proletariat in this movement has been
recognized by the entire nation.
Social and theological Forces.
THE national movement in China
i originated at the end of the past
century. Its initiators in China, as
elsewhere, were the intelligentzia, the
students, teachers, a section of the
professors, journalists and some Of
the emigrant Chinese commercialists,
who rallied around the Kuomintang
Party. or to be more precise, around
Sun.Yat-Sen, its leader. In 1915, in
connection with the Japanese 81 de-
mands, and in 1919, as result of the
treaty OF Versailles, which so thoroly
disappointed the Chinese nationalists,
who found themselves deceived and
betrayed Dy tnelr own allles the
nationalist movement received a new
powerful impulse.
For some months the Chinese public
was in state of uproar and high
agitation. The japanese ministers
were forced to resign; the boycott OF
Japanese goods reduced China-Japan-
ese trade by 409o. But the leadership
of the movement, the acting ON the
political stage, the cries of protest at
the public meetings. the slogans in the
fght--these all came from the student
body. The voice Of the worker was
yet silent.
COON, however the situation chang
~ ed. The disqualification of China
during the last years of the imperialist
war and the early post war period,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02

was proceeding apace.
Side by side with the foreign in
dustries andalwith the old Chinese
trading. go-between (comprador)
bourgeoisie. there appeared a new
industrial Chinese bourgeoisie.
The industrial centers, Shanghai,
Tien-Tsin, Hankow, Changsha, Tzintao
etc, have been rapidly growing; with
in them steadily grew large compact
masses of the newly risen working
class. Soon this working class began
to display IT'S activity by series of
strikes. lrrf
MUCH hass,been written recently Of
4'1 the terrible conditions OF labor
in China. Men, women and children
alike work IL to 10 hours per day; the
wages received by them are miserable.
Cheap docile labor made China into
a paradise for employers" to quote
the report of the British council at
China, recently published in the Brit
ish Blue Book"
But this capitalist paradise is a
veritable hell for the workers. No
wonder then that under the influence
of the general rise of the East after
the war, under the influence Of the
November Russian revolution and Of
their own national movement, spon-
taneous movement for better condi-
tions has developed among the
Chinese workers, taking the forms OF
widespread strike struggle.
Glass Differentiation Of the Movemen Mt.
DURING the first period covering
~ about "a years-from the be-
ginning of 1920 to the latter half of
1922-the labor movement, still large
ly spontaneous, met with practi ALLY
no serious opposition. The strikes
were limited mainly to the foreign
industries, and the Chinese public
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
Detroit Union Joins
Support of Struggle
for Chinese Freedom

DETROIT, Mich, Nov. 3O.-The
voice raised by the Detroit local Of the
Patternmakers Union in defense of
their fellow workers in China, clearly
demonstrates that the vision of the
workers is broadening and embracing
other races and nationalities, despite
the traditional short-sightedness Of
the ofiicialdom of the American Fed
Grafton Of Labor, who can see no
further than their own shores. The
resolution on China follows
"Be it resolved that we do hereby
pledge our support to the Chinese
people and the workers in particular,
and be 1t further resolved that we
approve OF the fight for freedom
against wage slavery and domination
by foreign powers"
This union is not the only one that
has passed this resolution of solidari-
ty The Chinese are battling against
terrible odds to free themselves. and
unions in Philadelphia, New York,
Chicago, Detroit. st. Paul and many
other cities have passed similar reso-
lutions and have contributed to the
maintenance of food stations in the
affected areas of China by the Inter
national Workers Aid.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02

rage of whatever efforts have been
made to organize the unorganizedg
This is what local progressive men,
bers of the walters union are anx-
ious to find out.
Built by Building Unions.
Attic most Of the Chicago hotels
were built by union labor and altho
the building trades council had juris-
diction over the construction OF 1--WE
huge new hotels within the past few
months, the Sovereign, Beldon, Coon
er-Carlton, Sisson and Belmont.
nevertheless, not one of the these
"union-made" structures employs any
thing but scab help in the dining
rooms.
Unionization of the Morrison Hotel
aiming room was recently attempted
by the walters union, due to the fact
mat huge additions had just been add.
ed TO their structure at Clark ana
Madison by union building tradesmen
Otherwise the hotel was "open.shon.
except In one department. Because
one department is unionized. this
motel makes a practice of catering to
union conventions.
. Bright Idea.
Instead of trying to force further
unlonization of this hotel. however.
John Fitzpatrick advised the walters
not to put up fight, as 1T recognizes
US IN degree TRY to unionize the
walters where no department has any
union help at all he suggested al.
fably.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
BRITISH UNIONS
AMALGAMATION
BUILDS POWER
Get Single Union with
Million Members

LONDON-(FP)--A single union
with over 100000 members from
many different trades and industries
is forecast by Ernest Bevin, secre-
tary Transport & General Workers
union, when amalgamations now pro-
ceeding or under discussion take eff
feet. Such union would result from
the amalgamation of the National
Union of General & Municipal work
ers and the Workers Union with
Bevin's union.
Following on the decision Of the
National Union of Enginemen, Fire
men, Mechanic & Electrical workers
to amalgamate, possible amalgam-
alton of the Electrical Trades union
with Bevin's is under discussion by
the two executives. Further ANAL
carnations seem to be in the air. The
Industrial Alliance, of whose provis-
ional committee Bevin is also the sec
rotary, has experienced setback in
the withdrawal of the National Union
Of Railwaymen but is ready to be
definitely launched early next year.
The final draft of the alliance con-
stitution has been approved by the
executives of the unions concerned.
with the exception of the National
Union of Railwaymen, and the alli-
ance will be launched as soon as the
draft has been submitted to the men,
bership and the changes necessary in
the constitutions of the individual
unions have been made.
The reason for the withdrawal Of
the N. U. r. is that its proposed
amendments have been rejected. The
chief of these was that unions in the
same industry should prepare
schemes for fusion, and where this is
not practicable hold periodical meet
ings to secure a united policy. The
N. U. r., which is an approach to an
industrial union, wished to give the
alliance definitely industrial union
list basis, while the other unions have
decided that unity on the whole indus
trial field is more immediate neces-
sity than unity by industry.
The organization of factory and
general workers, field which is
practically untouched in America. has
brought new problems in Europe. The
great bulk of the organized workers
are not craftsmen, and industrial un-
ionism has long been a guiding prin-
ciple and the issue now is industrial
unionism or one-big-unionism. The
factory and general workers have not
been organized by industrial unions
but by big general workers unions
in England the National Union of
Transport & General workers, and the
Workers Union, operating on the one
big union principle and organizing any
and every worker regardless of craft
or industry.
This has led to overlapping, and or
ganizational rivalries found express
sion at the Scarborough congress
when the General Workers Union cal
led for one big union, declaring that
industrial unionism was not enough,
while some industrial unionists op-
posed, considering that the embryo
O.B.U.s (the General Workers Union)
poach on industrial union preserves.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
Soldiers Union of
Austria Refused to
Scab on Strikers

VIENNA-(FP)-Doctors as we'll
as soldiers are included in the trade
union field in Austria. When gener-
al strike of state employees was threat
ened recently, the soldiers union de-
clared its solidarity in case of strike
and announced that it would refuse to
do any scab work. Now the hospital
doctors union is announcing that it
will call a strike if the government
puts through the working rules it has
in view.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
ARTICLE /.

NEVER, since the Boxer uprising,
1 ' has China been to such an extent,
the center of political attention of the
entire world as during the last three
months. London and New York,
Toxic and Moscow, have been watch
ing with a close eye the developments
in Shanghai and Hongkong, have been
listening hard to the booming Of can
non in China. H@lvW
Only important wars attract SO
much public interest. Yet is it mere
trike Of some 100000 workers $780,
90 in Shanghai, and 10000 in Hong
Song) that is responsible for 1t now.
Why then do the headlines i of the
worlds press cling so persistently to
he events in Shanghai? Why such a
roubled air among the honorables OF
he lower house and the noble lords
II the upper house, who have devoted
more than one sitting Of parliament
and committee meetings to the Shang-
hal strike? Why this overwhelming
interest, these passionate sympathies
for the Shanghai workers on the part
Of the workers and peasants of the
u. s. s. r. and of the entire world
proletariat?
THE answer lies not only in that
4 China for the last few years has
become most important junction in
which the fundamental problems OF
international politics collide and
cross. This is not new. New is the
fact that the Chinese masses have be.
'nme a nation, acting as a unit. as a
ngle body thruout the breadth and
igth of that vast country.
New is the fact that the leader OF
the movement Ia not the radical In
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
Sometimes They Dol


The contrast between the Pacii +,
northwest and the south stands oil
in the table. Sawmill workers hay-
the 4S-hour week in Oregon, Wash
ington and Idaho and the 5O-hour
week in Montana. Elsewhere with the
exception of California AMI Maine the
week is approximately so hours.
Similarly, the hourly wage of saw
mill labor is 45c an hour or more in
the Pacific northwest but runs as low
as 17.3c in South Carolina. In spite
Of materially shorter hours common
labor in the mills gets about twice as
much for a weeks work in California,
Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washing
ton as in the Carolinas, Georgia and
Alabama. The s1O.4S earnings in
South Carolina mean less than $500 a
year compared with $1,000 for full
years work in California or Oregon.
Sixty Per Cent sursey.
These figures cover 60 per cent of
the jobs in lumber mills thruout the
country. The number of skilled work
ers in the industry is small. At the
top are the head sawyers whose hour
ly earnings range from $500 an hour
in Pennsylvania to $1.14 in Washing
ton with an average of TITO. The
weekly earnings of head sawyers av-
erage 5000, compared with $17.77 a
week of three-fifths Of all sawmill
workers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
Ralph Chaplin Writes
for The Labor Defender

Ralph Chaplin, working class poet,
is the author of one OF the articles 10
appear in the first number of the La
Dor Defender, official organ of the In
ternational Labor Defense.
Articles. pictures and cartoons por-
traying the fight between the workers
and the employers will feature the
first issue OF the Labor Defender.
Among the famous labor cases dealt
with in the first issue are: The Sacco-
vanzetti case, Ford and Suhr, the
Zeigler and Pittsburgh trials, the re-
turn 40 jail of Benjamin Gitlow, the
supreme court decision against Anita
Whitney and the successful fight to
ssvo Matthias Rakost OF Hungary.
The Labor Defender will sell for 10
cents a copy. Subscription price is
s1O0 a year. ONCE OF publication Is
at 20 South Lincoln St.. Chicago. Ill.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
Average st7 a Week.

in 1928.
Average Sf7 a Week.
The average wage of sawmill Ia
borers, about so per cent of all the
employees, is $17.77 a week. This
means less than 5000 if they can get
a full years work 1t is approximate
ly 10 per cent below 1919 and only II
per cent above 1918.
Jumping all sawmill workers to-
gether, hourly earnings in 1925 are Is
per cent above prewar while full
time weekly earnings are only 68 per
cent above that level, due to some re-
duction in hours. The advance since
1918 falls considerably short both Of
the wage advance in other occupa-
tons and the increase in living costs.
From 1923 to 1925 sawmill wages
fell.
The average hours per week, earn
ings per hour and earnings per week
of common labor in sawmills of 16
lumber producing states in 1925 were:
Saw Mil
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
SHOULD OPPOSE
TOBIN WITHIN
HIS OWN union
Must Unite Withdrawn
Locals for Re-Entry
ex a worker corresponasnt

CLEVELAND, Ohio, Nov S0.-It is
regrettable that progressives, working
to build up an organization and hav-
ing honest intention in regard to
trade union work, find no way out of
the corruption that the reactionary
machine spreads in the organization,
but to withdraw from the organiza-
ton. 1t is regrettable, for the ultimate
aim Of all trade unionists must be to
have a unified movement with a single
aim: to fight against the employers
and to break the power Of the en-
ployers.
The situation in the International
Brotherhood of Transfers, Chauffeurs,
Stablemen and Helpers has driven
the biggest locals out of the organize
ton. The Cleveland locals are not
alone in their secession from the
brotherhood. The big locals in New
York and other large cities are outside
the Northumberland all of them are
determined not to affiliate again with
the brotherhood. They are determined
that the dues and other increment OF
the brotherhood shall be used for
building up and not destroying the
organization.
Should Not BE Isolated.
These locals outside the brother.
hood should not be left in their pres
ent state. That is to say, they should
not be isolated locals carrying on
their work individually. They must
coordinate their work, so as to add
strength to the local organizations.
This can best be achieved by an effort
being made to bring these locals to-
gether in some form. A conference
of delegates Of these locals should be
held at which united action should be
decided on.
The purpose Of the conferences
should be to coordinate the activities
Of the locals outside the brotherhood
to build them up, and to formulas
plans whereby as a united group thu
may return to the brotherhood am
take control Of it.
Dan Tobin can brag about his OF.
ganization and he can Islander the
locals, without the teamsters, chaufh
feurs etc. outside the local organ
ization learning anything about it. I'd
the various locals thruout the country
should unite their efforts not only to-
build up their locals, to gain strength
by united action, but also to ORGANIZED
the many trades that still are outside
their scope, a new organizational force
] would result that would compel Tob.
to come to terms.
To Build the Union.
He no longer will be the all-power.
full car Of the craft, but will be forced
to get off his throne and yield to the
pressure of the rank and file for
united organization embracing all the
men turnout the country in the trade.
New leadership will result, fighting
for the interests of the workers, not
selling them out and carrying on
questionable activities that receive
the support and approval of the re-
dictionary machine.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
lurkestan is Doubling
Its Cotton Harvest

MOSCOW n S. S. r., Nov. 49,
The cotton harvest in Turkestan this
year amounted to 100000 pools a.
raw cotton, 100000 pools more than
was anticipated, practically doubling
last years harvest.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
GERMAN VISITORS
GUESTS OF HOOCH
BREWERS OF n. Y.
Hospitality of A. F. of L.
Warns Tarnow


NEW YORK CITY, Nov. 3O-The
German labor delegation which visited
the Atlantic City convention of the
American Federation of Labor and
toured the country to learn all the
kinks of the American labor takers in
becoming business men, bankers and
to learn how to put the "B. G. o. plan"
of class collaboration over on the
German workers, has sailed for Ger
many after a thoro study of the city
Of New York.
Needed a Boat.
The Germans were given cruise
around the port of New York on the
city's own yacht, the Macon, and
were banqueted and feted by the
Central Trades and Labor Council
Having spent considerable time learn
ing how to put across what might be
called the Dawes Plan for the Work
ing Class"-the collaborationist "B &
10. Plan" the Germans were diverted
by a trip thru the city's shady cir
cles and illegal haunts of rum-rings.
The A. F. Of L. news" service,
always amusing If not Informative,
gives the following account OF the
Germans STUNNING" expedition:
Among their most interesting ex-
periences was an inspection Of the
functioning of the prohibition enforce
ment law. They visited underground
'speak-easies', saw distilleries Of hooch
and cellars where high power beer
was brewed."
Was Fritz Joking?
Continuing the account our amiaele
compatriots OF the A. F. of L. bureau
cracy glides smoothly into quotations
from Fritz Tarnow, head of the Ger
man delegation; and we must say that
either Fritz Tarnow spoke sardon-
ically or was using frankness com
prehensible only after a tour OF dis
tilleries under guidance by A. f. OF l..
bureaucrats when Fritz got out the
following:
1--WE have experienced the generous
hospitality of the American labor
movement. We visited the headquar-
tiers of all the important unions and
witnessed the delegates Of the A. F.
of L. at work in Atlantic city. We
know the spirit of the American work
ers and the source Of their economic
strength"
Inspired by this tribute to their
powers, the A. F. of L. news" article
goes ON to say that the Germans were
amazed to see the damage" Com
munism has wrought to the German
organizations in America, finishing"
they say, "what prohibition began"
With this lugubrious note the Ger
mans were given a fond farewell and
sailed away with "B. & o. plan"
for German workers to the land of
tall beers and Barmats.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
SAWMLL WORKERS POORLY PAID ..s e.
WHILE WAGES ARE HIGHER IN
STATES WHERE l. w. w. FOUGHT
BY LELAND oLps
Moderated Press Industrial EdItor)

hypocrisy justify
Of labor
Only northwestern
there approach
Elsewhere extremely prevail with conditions
1890 The International Union Of Timber
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
WATERS HEAD OFFICER DUE;
PROGRESSIVE UNIONISTS ASK
ORGANIZATION OF BIG HOTELS
(By a Worker correspondent.l

George McEroy international Hotel and Restaurant
Workers Union early n December
What attitude will condition
majority Chicago federation for s sab
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
To Build More Schools.

MOSCOW, U. S. S. R.-The Aver
baijan peoples commissariat for edu-
cation has decided to erect so new
schools during the coming year.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02

Put a copy of the DAILY
WORKER in your pocket when
you go to your union meeting.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-02
install Radio Station.

MOSCOW, U. S. s. r., Nov. &c.
The installation of a powerful radio
station has been completed at Rostov-
-on-Don.
Evening star., 1925-01-23
SEEK FUNDS IN i. S.
TOSAVE CATHEDRAL
Appeal Made for Historic st.
PauI's, London, Whose
Piers Are Crumbling.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, January %. Interes'
aroused in the United States in TIE
project undertaken by the dean and
chapter of st. Paul's, to safeguard the
cathedral for generations to come has
led to their making an appeal not only
TO the British empire. but to Anglo
SaNons in the United States and else
where to assist in preserving the great
national memorial, threatened by crum-
bling inside the massive piers which
support the famous dome.
The task Is to inject cement under
pressure into the piers. which when
built were filed internally with rubble,
and thus give new life to these enor-
nous columns. For this it has been esti-
mated that the sum required may ap-
proximate S1,250,0O0.
Reuters News Agency Of London has
undertaken to collect subscriptions
abroad. and these will be received in
the United States at Reuters main Of
flee. 3S3 Madison avenue, New York
City, and through the courtesy of the
press will be acknowledged in news
papers. The names and amounts also
will be cabded regularly by Reuters to
the London Times and will be printed in
that newspaper. A special account to he
called the st. Pauls Fund" Is being
opened at the National Park Bank, PA
Broadway, New York City, for the re-
ceipt of subscriptions.