davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-04-15
UNA FRANoU1cIA

En- el afio 1917. la empresa Qu6li-
chini obtuvo una franquicia del
consejo Ejecutfvo,-que era enton-
ces el que extendia estos permisos,
para explotar on la poblaci6n de
sahana Grande una planta de luz
electrical, que habrfa de proveer de
luz la localidad.
Desde esa fecha, la referida plan
ia ha venido funcionando. 81 pun
to principal que Sc alega en- la que
reIla presentada por sl senior Qui-
fi6nez, es ell siguiente:
Que la @Planta Electrica Quill
chini' ha venido cobrando cinco
centavos mas de 10 que lie autoriza
Ia franquicia, por kilowatt, 10 que
perjudica grandemente los veci-
nos do la comulidad.
Sc basa la querella en- el hecho
de que la franquicia primitiva, que
no ha sido alterada en- absolute,
autoriza La empresa de la luz cleo
trica para cobrar solamente ounce
centavos por cada lxilowatt de luz.
En- al aho 1918, SO alega que la
empresa fud autorizada para hacer
csc aulnento, pero solo por i'm pc
riodo de 6 meses, al final de los
cuales, debia cobrar 15 centavos So
lamsnte No obstante, Ell sefior cui
n6nez ha presentado junto al do
csimento qus motiva la querella, nu-
nerosos recibOs, en- los cuales apa-
recs que Ia empresa esta cobran-
do vednts centavos por hlowatt, o
sea un exceso de cinco centavos,
algo que consideran los vecinos,
visns q perjudicar sus intereses.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-04-15

III AguLTTAufLoNARI0 hR.
HENRY FORD Dn6EA PA0AR
Ia CAMERA Dc EN0ENTERo
a vEHNTR yovENEs NArrvos
De PUERTo AGO QUE EsTEE
m cohDICIoaEs DE EsTuDIAR
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-04-15
UNITED WE STAND: d.
vIDED WE FALL.

Presidente.
ssNota: Ent6rese los asociados
de las circulares. Es un deber de
los Prssidentes Locales.
AsocIAcIoN DE MAEsTRos DE
PUERTO RICO
SAN JUAN, P. r..
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

huts as a tempory expedient, but
these were not sufficient to relieve the
position. Rents soon scared but as
result of organized opposition on the
part of the workers, the rent restrict.
ions act (1915) was passed, forbid
ding the increase of rents.
The first legislation, however, was
to prevent eviction, for the disloca-
ton of industry, that followed the out
break of war had caused much unem-
ployment, and to protect the workers
the courts emergency powers act
forbade evictions for non-payment of
rent without the permission of the
courts.
THE rent restrictions act (1915) ap-
/ piled to houses Of not more than
6 35 annual rental, l. e. working class
houses. No provision was made for
furnished houses, with the result that
many were let, containing few in.
ferior articles of furniture, and the
landlord had complete control. This
act remained until six months after
the war, when 1t was replaced by a
further act allowing 10 pct. increase
in rent and covering houses up to
e70. This was amended in 1920 by
bill to last three years and provided
for an increase of 40 per cent and also
included a clause making profteering
in furnished rooms illegal.
The position had now become so
keen that key money was aften paid
for the possession of houses, some
times as much as $40 being paid for
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

NTHER material had risen in a
~ similar manner and it is clear
that the scheme failed because the
rings exploited the situation. The re-
suit was that the rents Of the houses
were so high that the workers could
not afford to pay them, and most Of
them we're compelled to take in lodg-
ers and thus bring the authorities up
against the question of over-crowding
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21
in a new light.
Direct Labor

ClFeCI LABOR
The class struggle reflected itself
keenly in the administration of the
act, and on most of the local councils
keen struggle waged for the use of
direct labor in the building of the
house, and thereby effect an economy
that enable them to let at a cheeper
rent. In the cases where this was
carried out, the houses were let at a
rent of 10 to 16 shillings per week,
while those built by private contract
ors were often from los to Eli
per week. The saving thus effected
was good.
IN Bradford, the cost per house was
l e259 against the contract price
of e1,004. In Tonbridge, the cost per
house was 9S76 against the contract
price of e1,O7O. In Newmarket, the
cost per house was 9761 against the
contract price of G1,172.
The rings, however, did their best
to cripple the position, and many of
the councils found their building ma
terial held up The Bradford council
tried to solve the problem by purch-
asing brickworks for the making of
their own bricks. These were used by
the direct labor that they employed
and the surplus was sold to the con-
tractors who were building for them
The rings, however, were not at all
in sympathy with the idea, and COM
PEELED the contractors, under threat Of
boycott, to refrain from using the
bricks. And at one time, the position
was such, that while the brickyard
was stocking its surplus bricks,
contractor, who was building in the
next field was waiting for bricks,
which, when he received them, had
dictionary element on the council and
the action of the rings, the brickworks
had to be sold, having proved fail
ure to solve the problem. In this way
private enterprise exploited the posi-
ton at every opportunity, and held up
the supply of houses.
THE excuse that they made for the
| lack of building was that there
was not sufficient labor to carry out
the work, but the labor available had
never been absorbed by the industry.
The ministry of labor figures show
that in December 1924 there we're &c.
O25 building trade workers unemploy-
ed, and 25,715 of the public works
and contracting workers, while in Au-
gust when the trade should be at its
best, the figures were 7S,06S and 22,-
1926 respectively.
Labor Government and Housing
With the advent of a labor govern
ment the workers looked for some re-
lief. Mr.. Wheatley introduced his
housing bill granting a subsidy of 96
per year covering a period of 20 years,
providing that the houses were let at
a rent of about los. per week Con-
ferences were called, both of the
workers and the masters, and each
gave their word that they would do
all they could to make the scheme
success. The workers agreed to ad-
NIT others into the trade after an in
tensive training, and the masters
promised not to force up the price of
the materials. In spite of this, the
price of bricks increased almost the
next day, and other materials soon
followed suit. The threats Of the gov
eminent were of no avail, but they
took no action. They were too busy
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

enslaving the German workers, to
think of the workers at home, and
having accomplished their task, were
thrown out of Office before any ma
terial improvement had taken place.
Tory Government and Steel Houses
n TORY government followed, and
~ Lord Weir, who is interested in
the Clyde shipyards, found method
CONTINUED on page 81
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

making it compulsory for the local
authorities to supply the shortage.
$4,000 houses were built as a result,
but on the grounds of economy, the
subsidy was curtailed and operations
almost seased. The loss on the build
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

the key of small cottage.
MYTH the fixed rental, the return
wv on property was small compar-
ed to those of industry, and much of
the property found its way on to the
market. Many of the workers bought
their own houses, only to find that
they had paid fictitious price for
them.
Building and Legislation
1t became quite apparent, after the
conclusion of the war, that there was
no hope of private enterprise supply
ing the necessary houses, and the
government took action by passing
the housing of the people act (1919),
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

ing, which was being Dorne by the
state, was estimated at e1O,OO0,OO0
for the year, the cost of the houses
being LOO each.
Where did the Money gol
THIS was the natural question
which arose out of the situation.
The press said, ITO the building
workers." This was untrue. The
material were under the control of
rings who took advantage of the posi-
ton to force prices up to the highest
possible limit. The following tables
are a comparison:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

n T the beginning of the war, the
n housing situation began to grow
more acute. Thousands Of workers
focked into the industrial centers, un-
til it was almost impossible to get
room. The authorities erected wooden
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21
The Housing Situation in England By Turner

all sleep in one bed and live and
sleep in one room.
2. Father, mother and 9 others
of the family, Jagged 3 months to 51a
years. have one living room, bed
room and an attic.
These houses often have no water
supply or sanitary convenience.
TOR the privilege of existing in
l these novels, the workers pay, not
only exhorbitant rents, but often with
health, and life, as the following
shows:
The city falls easily into three div
isions, the central wards, which are
mainly slums, the inner circle of un-
healthy wards, and the outer circle,
where the richer classes live.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-21

centra Outer
acktoback houses
popuaion 193218 1918 941O9
FAINT mortality per brths).
1000 populaton) O56O72 O39O46 OOO12
ronchts pneumonia death
hthiss O67OS9
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
CELEBRATES HER
 INDEPENDENCE DAY TOO
Natives Observe Anniversary of the Beginning of War For
 Liberation.

Havana, Cuba, Feb. 24.-Cuba to- day celebrated the anniversary of the beginning of the war of liberation. Patriotic associations throughout the island held demonstrations. In Ha- vana a parade started at 9 a.. m. marching to the statues of John Marti, known here as the apostle of liberty, and Gonzalo De Quesada, signer of the Hay-Quesada treaty now before the United States senate for ratification.
 Cuba's arguments for the Isle of Pines were to have been presented to Ambassador F. II. Crowder today but have been postponed, it was an- nounced.
 "El Crito De Baire," (The Cry of Baire) as the national holiday is known. was sounded February 24, 1885, by Major General Bartoome, Maso and a group of followers when they gathered at the little village of Baire, in Oriente province, and took an oath never to surrender or lay down their arms until Cuba's free- dom had been accomplished.
 In connection with the celebra- ton, Milton T. Hershey, American owner of the sugar mill. electric rail- way and chocolate factory bearing his name. was made an adopted son of the town of Aguacate in recogni- ton of his services to that village.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
BITS HITS TREE

Saugus, Mass, Feb. 24.--A dozen persons were injured, two or possl- bly, three seriously. when a large motor bus, crowded with passengers on route from Saugus center to Mll- den. struck a tree on the outskirts of Saugus last night and was badly wrecked. The overhang of a large limb of the tree caught the bus and tore off one entire side. Panic pre- vailed for a time and several women tainted.
 Passing automobiles carried some of the injured to a hospital in Lynn while others were taken to nearby homes.
 The driver. Of the bus, George Cooper, told the police that the bus swerved close to the tree when a woman passenger crowded against him. causing the accident. Police estimates placed the number Of passengers in the conveyance, which had a seating capacity of 25, al be tween 35 and 45,
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
DWARFS' WEDDING
Ceremony Of Midgets Brings Throngs of Curious and Threatens to Hold mp Church Ceremony.

Weymouth, Eng, Feb. 2i. = There was such mob of uninvited guests at the recent wedding here of Miss Eliza Victoria Walbridgc and Alfred Goodwin, dwarfs, and such buzz of whispers among the throng that the noise became ex- tremely embarrassing 10 the clergy man performing the ceremony. He had to call for silence five times and threatened to order everyone from the church excepting those of the bridal party.
 Miss Walbridge is but three feet two inches in height while the bridegroom stood but three feet seven inches in his wedding slip pers. The heads of the couple did not come up to the altar rails in Holy Trinity church and nearly every one Of the spectators stood on the seats with tho hopes of get ting a glimpse of the little man and his bride.
 Hundreds fought their way to- ward the altar, while the crowd outside held up traffic for an hour or so and extra police had to be called to remedy the situation. The bride wore white satin and the bridegroom was dressed in 6 frock coat and carried a top hat. They wero followed by page and two bridesmaids, none of whom were dwarfs.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
GOOD BUSINESS
Production of Rail Steel for Rein- forcing Bars Is Expected to Break
 All Previous Records. N.

Chicago, Feb. 23. Production of rail steel for reinforcing bars is expected to shatter all previous records during the present year. A survey just completed by the Rail Steel Products association shows that most mills are running at capacity to meet the demand.
 During the last 12 months pro- duction has totaled more thna 225,O00 tons, the survey shows. Ad- rauce orders from all sections of the country have absorbed the out put of most mills for the first quar- ter of the year,, or up to April 1.
 Great activity in the construction of apartments, hotels, office build ings and public institutions, which made 1924 s5,000.O00, ,0OO build- ing year for America, is continuing through the winter period, the as- sociation says.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
Dislikes Kitchen Police
 As Discipline Measure

"KNchen police" as a means of discipline In the army and Boy Scouts alike was attacked by Scout Executive ". O. Cook in his talk at the sixth meeting of the scout masters school held in Grotto hall last night. The famed TX. P" is a duty, he said, and not a punish ment. and making it the latter low CTS the dignity of honest labor. He favored the suspension of privileges as a substitute, illustrating by say ing that a soldier might be glad to get in by the stove while the others marched in the rain, but he would not be glad if the privilege of weekend trip were denied him. This applies 10 scouting also. MT. Cook said
 He told of the good impression made by scouts in New York state. where there were many signs post ed reading. NO hunting or fishing; positively no trespassing:. Boy Scouts in uniform welcome" and urged the men present to help maintain this impression. About 30 men attended the meeting and en- gagged in several snappy games after the talk by Mir. Cook. N
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
MADE FIRST RUSH
 FOR GOLD IN lS4l
Onion, Not Sutter'S Mill, Caused
 First California Rush

Los Angeles, Feb. a4.-Recent re- ports that the original first nugget of California gold was in the posses sion of 6 private collector in New York have aroused chronielers of southern california's history to rc- mind the public that 1t was an onion, not Suffers mill, that started the first California gold rush.
 Moreover, these chroniclers relate, that onion grew In the San Fernando valley northwest of here, hundreds of miles south of Sutter's mill, and the gold rush it started began in lS41, seven years before James Mar shall's discovery Of gold in Fl Dora do county. a~
 It was on March 9, 1s41, that Francisco Lopez was riding through San Feliciano canyon with a com panion and stopped to eat lunch under tree. Lopez liked onions, and when he saw 6 wild one growing within arms reach he leaned over to dig 1t up with his knife and add it to his meal. Clinging to the roots of that onion were several small pieces of gold. ..
 Soon the rush was on. As far north as Santa Barbara and as far south as San Diago the news of the gold strike spread. In few weeks hun dreds of men were sitting the sands of the canyon for gold, and some were finding it in profitable quanti- ties.
 Hostilities between the United States and Mexico interrupted the placer mining, and when, in 1855, mining activities were resumed in the San Fernando field, the later but greater gold rush started by the discovery of nuggets at Sutter's mill in the north was in full swing.
 Estimates of the amount of gold taken out of the San Fernando placers vary widely, but such data as is available indicates that more than s5,000,0O0 in placer gold has been shipped put of Los Angeles county since Lopez's onion revealed the existence of the metal here.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
.ANTI.L|QUOR MEN
 IN SECOND DEFEAT
Holland States General Defeats
 Bill to Combat the Drink Evil

The Hague, Feb. "A. -- A bill proposing 10 combat the drink evil in r.. Holland by introducing local option was defeated In the upper house Of the States General recent ly by 2S to 20 votes, after passing the lower house by A to 30 votes.
 This is the second unsuccessful attempt of strong anti-liquor group In parliament to restrict the drink traffic; the first, made in 1921. suffering a like fate by being adopted in the lower house by 39 to 29 votes, and then being thrown out in the following year by the upper house by IS to 17 votes.
 The latest vote was interesting in that it was not a party vote, as is so usual in Dutch legislation. Local option has been hotly debated re- gently both in and out of parlia- ment. No fewer than 5000 public bodies including Christian work mems unions, church councils, Y. M. c. As, and others, have peti- toned the government in favor of it, and a public memorial in its support secured 100000 signatures.
 Various speakers in the chamber gave details of personal observa- tion of the effects of prohibition, both in the United States and in Finland. They said that in their opinion prohibition had by no means proved the success that had been claimed for it, neither had crime decreased to the Extent that had been represented as the result of it. Prohibition, they argued. only favored hypocrisy in addition to wholesale and fragrant evasions of the law.
 The failure of the present bill seems to be due mainly to financial considerations.
 It has been contended that even without restrictive measures tEe consumption of drink has enor- mously decreased in Holland of late years. In 1892 the consump- ton was 7.75 quarts per capita of population, but now it is only 210 quarts. Holland, nevertheless, still spends nearly S6O,000,O0O year on drink, according to the latest statistics.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
WOMEN VOTERS ARE TO
 GATHER IN RICHMOND
Many State Leagues Are to Hold National Convention in south
 This Spring

Chicago, Feb. "A. Jury service for women. because of tits impor- tant place on the legislative pro- gram of many state leagues Of women votes,' again will occupy prominent place in the discus sions at the national convention of the league at Richmond, Fa., April l6-22. according to an announce ment made public here.
 Women are permitted 10 serve on iuries In 2l states, said the an nouneement, which added that "it is significant that about one-third Of the women in the United States are organized in gainful occupa. tions and that justice not alone 10 women but 10 the community de- mands that they should be eligible to sit as jurors"
 Jury service, whether privilege
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
POLICE ON GUARD
All Precautions Being Taken In Chi cago To Prevent Outbreak At To- days Election.

Chicago, Feb. 24.--SpeciaI squads of police and detectives guarded the polls in today's aldermanic election here as result of hints of trouble and charges and counter charges of fraud. They were given orders to prevent Kidnapping of party work CTS, thefts of /, ballots and ballot boxes and intimidation of voters.
 The firing of pistol shots by six gunmen at a crowded political meet ing last night was regarded by the police as the opening of hostilities.
 The first report of violence today came from the 14th ward where Rox Cyrilla. an election worker for Mich ael J. Costello. a candidate for alder man, was overpowered by three armed men and hurried away in an automobile.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24

or duty. is an incident of oltisen- ship. Women certainly do not want to be denied 1t fl a privilege. nor evade 1t fl duty. Every advance in civilization means responsibility as well as privilege. Citizenship im- plies responsibility, Women are ready to assume the burdens as we'll as the benefits Of citizenship"
 The program will cover a field ranging from intimate problems of the leagues work to discussion of world peace, governmental issues Of the day. women in politics, child labor legislation, educational prob- lens, social hygiene measures, ef- fciency in government living costs, uniform laws, and women-in-indus- tFV
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
JUNIOR ACHIEVEMENT NOTES

The Busy Bee club, led by Mrs. NJ. II. Fleitzcr of 46 Roberts street, has elected the following new off, cers: President. Virginia Christen- son; secretary Mildred Schweikert; treasurer, Doris OQuist; reporter. Eileen Murray. Members of the club will soon set about making dresses for themselves.
 Director W. w. T. Squire and Mrs, H. C. Warner have been asked to attend the annual achievement training camp at Springfield, Mass. on July 7-10 and supervise the noon luncheons. They expect to accept the invitations.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
Does Castor Oil Make Children Cry?

Not any more, dear people, for very clever chemist has at last suc- ceeded in putting pure castor oil into a delightful chocolate confection and now men, women and children just love to take it.
 Druggists call this new discovery Kastor Jems and they surely are gems for you cant taste a trace of the oil or smell it, either. When a child eats one Kastor Jem he takes exactly one dose of pure castor oil. Adults should take two. Ask your druggist for a package-he knows all about them.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
Woman Given Right to
 Act as R. R. Director

Washington, Feb. 24.-A woman today was given permission, by the interstate commerce commission to act as a director on the board of 24 railroads.
 She is Helen Lucille Welsh, assist ant. secretary of the Fl Paso and Southwestern. The commission held it would not be against the public interest if she should be at the same time a director of the Southern Pacific, Oregon & California, the Central Pacific, and whole series of subsidiary corporations of the Southern Pacific system.
 This is the first time the commits sion has passed on any similar ap- plication from woman.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
ARGENTINE HIGHWAY National Road Would Link Bucnos Aires With All state Capitals.

Bucnos Aires. Feb. 9i. ~ The building ot a great national high way to link up Bucnos Aires with all tho state capitals Of Argentina and from which branches would be constructed to important cities of each state is proposed by the pub lie works department, It is under stood that the department will soon begin work upon preliminary plans connected with the project,
 Former Minister of Public Works Loza. who is the author of the idea and who directed preparation or the plans shortly before retiring from the cabinet. says that the con struction could be financed by pri- vate interests, rin return for conces- siops over more or less prolonged periods, or by a system similar 10 that pursued in allowing railway concessions.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-24
Pope Plus Plans to
 Hold Usual COnsistOry

Rome. Feb 24.-Pope Plus will before the beginning of the various ceremonies of canonization, next March or April, but it is not ex- pected that he will create any new cardinals. It is not customary 10 do this during holy year. set aside for religious devotion. The creation of cardinals is sign of rejoicing and is accompanied by festivities to celebrate the advent of the new princes of the church.