Evening star., 1925-03-17

"hich might some day obligate her
10 uecisre war upon Canada or Ans
tralla (since her separate dorntnions
are Independent units in the leaeuel
she refused such imperial suicide
80 enos the protocol-until amend
ments are offered to the covenant Of
lne league itself, according to the
iather OF the plan, DR.. Benes
Imagine a case: Canada might SET
up claim to a portion Of Maine
and war between her and the ITnit.d
states threaten. Though the United
States Is not a member of the league
we would receive an invitation to
submit the dispute to the Permanent
court OF International Justice. set
up and controlled by the league. IF we
declined that invitation to let Eu-
ropean nations decide our boundary
OF Maine. through the Court of In
ternational Justice, then, accordinr =
TO the protocol. the league would de-
clare the United States the "areres-
sor' and all nations of the leseue
by the protocol covenant would he re-
quired to boycott our commerce Tho
mere TACT of our refusal to submit
the case to the court Of the league
would be automatically construed into
that protocol would authorize Canada
to make war upon us.
AS Canada would be no match for
the United States in war, the league
would then levy upon Great Britain's
navy and In due proportion upon all
other navles of the world to add their
battleships to the Canadian attack
ing forces. THE signatory states
undertake to recognize as compul-
sorry, ipse facto and without special
agreement, the jurisdiction of the
permanent Court of International
Justice" (Article 81
The plan which makes whatever
nation the "aggressor' which declines
to submit its cause to the Interna-
tfonal Court established by the
League OF Nations, is known as the
American plan," because 1t was de-
vised by an American ,pro-leaguer.
Prof. James T. Shotwel1 of Columbia
University.
Great Britain in refusing to in
dorse the protocol offers as a. sub
stitute the old time-honored plan of
| a balance of powers to preserve
, peace. That idea is not new, even
in connection with the protocol II ia
provided: (Article 13) ''Furthermore
as soon as the council has called upon
the signatory states to apply sane
| tions q. e., bring pressure) as pro-
| vided in the last paragraph of Article
10 above, the said state may. In ac-
cordance with any agreements thew
| may previously have concluded, bring
to the assistance Of a particular
state, which is a victim of aggression.
their military, naval and air forces. %
In a. pamphlet published by the
ESEgue Of Nations on-Partisan As
sociation. entitled Synopsis of the
Geneva Protocol" the explanation of
| the above quoted Article 13 is: This
| is a recognition that states may enter
| into special treaties to protect one
another"
Again quoting the Bible, we hear
| the cry: Peace Peace! When there is
no peace" If secret or open cove
! nants, secretly or openly arrived at.
may bind nations in mutual treaties
to war for mutual self-fnterest, what
| becomes of the league to end wars ?
No provision appears to have been
considered In the protocol which
would have prevented civil war.
such as that betweensour States, in
| the SOS. or such as South Ameri-
can revolution"
J tcopyright. 1895 by 4 Y. coliins-l