davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

Of the total annual output, and con-
trolled more than half OF the unmined
reserves. 81
Production of so-cAlled independent
operators, which in 1895, amounted to
45 per cent of the wholeIiin 1905, drop
ped to 25 per cent; while by 1921, it
had further decreased to 10 per cent.
Thus, in the important anthracite
branch Of the coal industry, concen-
tration of capital has long been at
the stage of relative monopoly, which
is rapidly approaching an absolute
monopoly.
TN anthracite this concentration of
4 capital is closely and intimately
bound up with the general process Of
concentration, and particularly with
that in the railroad industry. Thru
out the coal industry this has been
and is today, the case; that the most
important steps in concentration of
capital and Capitalization of produc-
ton is carried out under the control
and initiative of the. railroad, steel,
oil, and banking combinations.
The railroad coal companies con-
trolling the anthracite industry, with
the value of assets carried on their
books at the end Of 1922, are shown
in the following table. This gives
some measure of the stage of mon
opoly reached. While a very large
part of these assets represent CAPT
talization of prospective future earn
ings, this fact only emphasizes the
monopolist nature of the present
stage of development.
Company sfa Assets
Philadelphia and Reading
Coal and Iron Co.....~.....$115,06 4, S15
Lehigh Coal & Navigation
Company ................~....... 77,O1S,S64
Glen Alden Coal Co......... 72,24O, 900
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

retraction with the General Exeeu-
tive Council, etc" Still no hearing, no
trial by my peers in my own lodge as
specifically and imnutely laid down in
Article %.
Will Not Be Silent.
l have always valued my member
ship in the l. A. of M. very highly. I
have tried to conduct myself as a
union man should and be worthy of
this membership.
l want my membership restored to
me but refused to be bribed, bullied.
coerced, or intimidated. l will not be
silent, either with voice or pen. l
pledge myself to resist and denounce
evil, wherever it exists, in the |. A. of
M. or out of it. AS to the offensive
suggestion of an apology for doing
what is right, that which the !. A. of
M. has schooled me to do, l spurn the
offer with the contempt it SO richly
deserves.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22
Workers of Detroit Support Communist Against Pluto AgeS Of CAPITAL

the workers will represent their in
terests. Some candidates may play
the game which Smith has been play
ing of sometimes throwing something
in the direction of the workers in
order to fool them into supporting
him: No worker who understands the
conflict of interests between the CAPT
talist bosses who are in business for
profit, and the workers who produce
wealth and must constantly fight for
decent wages, will be fooled by this
game of smart politician.
The Workers (Communist) Party
proposed to the Detroit Federation of
Labor early this year that it take the
initiative in organizing a party Of
Workers. labor party-which would
support labor candidates in the muni-
,ipal and other elections. The pro-
posal of the Workers (Communist)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22
Ford--Pacifist Turned Imperialist

the friendIiness that now exists be-
tween the Fords and the navy. Such
an authorization was never given
before in the case of the Shenan-
doah.
no you remember also the time
- when Edsel Ford was branded as
Stacker" by the patriots for claim
ing and obtaining exemption from the
draft? Reactionary patriotic newspa-
pers attacked him. Patriots looked
upon him as bad company. 1t was
thumbs down for him. But he was
among the distinguished guests" in
vited to be present on visitors day at
the citizens military training camp
at Camp Custer, Mich, Aug. IA A
member of the Young Workers
League was evicted from this camp
in violation even of the army policy,
as defined in a statement given to the
Federated Press by Maj. Gen. William
s. Graves, commander OF the army
sixth corps area. And the speaker Of
the day was Charles G. Dawes. The
tide has turned indeed when Edsel
Ford is invited to be distinguished
guest" in such company.
There is recent instance also in
which the Fords carried to conclus-
ion large scale business deal with
the government, an agency which
class conscious workers recognize az
the agency thru which the capitalist
class functions politically. When the
United States shipping board decided
to sell fleet OF ships as scrap steel
the Ford Motor company was among
the bidders. The Fords turned out to
be the successful bidders, with an Of
fer of $1,697.470 for 1919 steel ships
and S297,5OO for seven tugs. Three at
a time the ships are now on the way
to River Rouge to be cut up
THE Ford Motor company has not
! only its mechanical equipment and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

political battles against the capital
list bosses. They must use their po-
IiticaI power in support Of their eco
nomic interests. eco.
That is what the Capitalists do.
They want to elect seither Smith or
Bowles in order that they may have
the power of the office of mayor in
their hands for use in support of the
capitalist system of exploitation.
Workers of Detroit must organize to
fight for that power so that they can
use it to support their struggles
against the capitalist exploiters-
Some workers believe that Smith
is the candidate of labor. But every
one who examines his. record closely
knows that he is the candidate of the
capitalist bosses. The workers can
not expect that any candidate who
supports the capitalist system agains,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

Continued from page II
air." Col. Mitchell continued. I'VE
must look to the Fords now for
progress because governmental ac-
tivity is practically at a stand-still.
am thankful. the Fords are in the
game now. 1t makes everything a
little brighter" gir
nON'T be misled either by the fact
II that Col. Mitchell is no longer as
sistant army air chief. He is some
thing of a political exile from Wash
ington because of his exposure of the
inefficiency of the governments pres
ent air organization. Tho reduced in
rank and stationed at Fort Sam Hous'
ton, in Texas, he is the countrys
leading proponent Of a larger military
air service independent of the army
and navy and is recognized as the
most brilliant and aggressive among
this country's military aviators.
The Shenandoah broke in two in
the air In a wind storm over south
eastern Ohio and crashed to earth
with the loss Of several lives Sept.
8. II. was starting on naval dem
onstration flight over eleven states
and on it's returnnwas to have tied
up at the Ford airport mast. After
the crash II became known that
Henry Ford and the chief engineer
Of the Ford Motor company, William
B. Mayo, had been authorized to
ride In the Shenandoah either to
Bay City, Mich., and return or to
Lakehurst. Il would have been
Ford's first trip 0in the air. The
Shenandoah was gthe governments
only military dIrleibe. Its flight
was a strictly military maneuver.
All on board weregnavaI officers or
enlisted men. Thee authorization to
Ford and his chief engineer to ride
In the Shenandoah and the intention
Of the two to tsEeDthc trip shows
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22
(Continued from page ID

CONTINUED from page II
dictionary, and with denying their
members the freedom of expression
we accord ours. We have boastfully
held ourselves up as leaders in demo-
cratic principles in labor union admin
istration.
tg W DisiIIusioned.
The facts revealed concerning the
last three elections in our organiza-
ton, however, has disillusioned that
part of our membership who have been
permitted to hear the truth. They
have learned that the membership no
longer rules, but that instead a select
few, have usurped the power to say
what shall be our laws and who shall
be our officers.
Exercising the rights any member
should have, l have endeavored from
time to time to give my views on laws
needed and to acquaint our members
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22
Birds of a Feather

Tammany Hail. in its flung ramfcaons has adiuncts
One Of its main from the underworld and the sum roe
tafia OF New York It's there well known that
comment here superuou But it has other supporters the
supeepcabe element of New York life 1t unites the upper
lower strata in reactOnary against labor. v1rr
The mauradng bands Of gangsters pckpoket thugs
nestng Cherry Hill and es Kitchen enjoying the favor Of
Tammany have their counterpart emnenty respectable organ
tons the upper strata One of these the Citizens Union
This aggregation recently endorsed the socialist s. John Block
candidate for justice of the supreme court
This organization processing be nonpartsan really
Tammany by endorsing its regular candidates wagng
expeditions against those democrats that do hew strictly
Tammany line 1t sometimes endorses republicans
ca This proves that in the of Tammany both parties
can be relied upon to defend the capitalist system.
II also emphasizes the fact that the outfit that
off the election ballot endorses socialist which eoquenty proves
that only the Workers Party candidates defend
working class.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

THERE is probably no industry in
i the United States in which more
deep-going changes are occurring at
present than the coal mining indus
try. And in response to the laws Of
development of capitalist economy,
one of the outstanding features is
the growing concentration of capital.
Figures are available now which give
a picture of the situation as a whole.*
Concentration has proceeded the
furthest in the anthracite branch Of
the industry. This is largely because
the anthracite fields are concentrated
geographically in a few counties in
Eastern Pennsylvania and offer all
the physical prerequisites for mon
opoly. The extent to which this has
developed can be seen from few
facts.
ENOUR operators produce over
i million tons per annum, total of
4S.S per cent of all anthracite pro-
duced. Nine other operators, produc-
ing / to 5 million tons annually, con-
tribute 30.2 per cent of total produc-
ton.
The so-called railroad companies
(owned or controlled by railroads)
produce IA per cent of the total out
put and control 80 per cent of under
ground reserves.
The combination controlled Jointly
by the Reading and Central Railroad
Of New Jersey, produced 20 per cent
*This article is based upon figures
from the book, What the Coal Com
mission Found" edited by Edward
Eyre Hunt; williams & Wilkins Co.,
Baltimore, 1926, from Moody's Indus
trial Ratings, 1928, and from U. S.
Geological Survey.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

their own class at the ballot box at
this election in spite of the fact that
there is no labor candidate on the
ballot. 1t calls upon them to repu-
diate both Smith and Bowles, to re-
pudiate the efforts to blind the work
ers by making the issue the religious
question and to take stand on a
political platform in the interests of
the workers
The Workers (Communist) Party
calls upon every worker to write in
on the ballot on election day the
name Of the Workers Party candidate
for mayor, Edgar Owens, and thus
take the stand for the working class
against the capitalist class.
1t asks the workers of Detroit to
support the Workers Party candidate
for mayor, Edgar Owens, by writ
ing his name on the ballot on the
following platform:
1. The organization of a labor
party based upon the trade union
movement of Detroit to include rep
resentatives of all trade unions, labor
political parties, co-operatives and
fraternal organizations, to fight for
labor in it's political struggles.
2. Use of the power of the govern
ment of Detroit to compel the relief
of the unemployed when the work
ers are thrown out of jobs. City ap-
preparations thru special taxes on
capitalist bosses to create an unem.
ployment fund to be distributed by
the trade unions.
3. No use of police in labor dis
putes. No use of police to arrest
strikers. Against the use of strike
breakers paid by capitalist bosses.
4. Against the use of injunctions
in labor disputes.
5. Full support of the workers of
Detroit in organizing the unorganized
workers for the fight against their
bosses.
6. The establishment OF workers
control in every institution of the city
Of Detroit employing workers, thru
the election of shop committees which
Sudll nave lull dCScSS 10 everything
concerning the management and to be
represented in the management.
Z. Support of the extension Of this
principle to all the industries of De-
troit
8. The control OF housing condi-
tions by the city and action to create
better housing conditions for the
workers by the city government.
.. A workers and farmers gov
eminent for the United States.
Workers OF Detroit Repudiate
the candidates Of the capitalist
BOSSES
Repudiate their attempt to blind
you by racial and religious ,preiu.
dicesl
Take your stand for workers
struggle against the capitalist boss.
rs by writing In the name Edgar
Owens, for mayor--on election day.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22
The Dragon of the Ku KIux Khan

Eminence Stephenson grand dragon the
Indiana k k kan that militant of white protestant
naebon 100 Amercansm and defender of American
woanhood trial Nobesve Indiana charged with murder
ing Madgc Obeoer after he and other patriotic members of
the hooded order had ravaged her. 1rs
weeks passed since the opening of the trial and the
jury selected the venie of 100 prospective
nearing exhaustion and third of his peers must be
moned to- try Stephenson and his associates.
delectabe of the brought in bold relief
the selection of jurors proceeds From the questioning of
by the defense develops that effort will be made conceal the
Stephenson held frequent debauche
with the goods of Butler college, of those institutions where the
daughters of the petty bOurgeoisie to attain culture
Difficulties encountered in selecting jury for this
datve of the widespread political influence of the khan in Indiana
1t has important factor the political of the
small capitalist class deriving its principal support from that ee
by the eeTgrowing of the big capitalists
Former supporters the socialist party contribute large
the membership the khan Indiana The
the khan strongly appeals these exsocast elements most
whom uas theOscphists christian scientists and other
individuals When the socialist party became aneamic that
they could longer break the duh monotony of their pretty bour
eoi existence they oed the khan striving to become dragons
imperial keages whom if the facts known, n
' ~ " ~ ~ - rSlge
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

Party was not accepted, therefore,
there is no labor candidate on the
ballot in the municipal election. The
formation of such a party is the only
way in which the workers can fight
their own political battles. 1t is the
only way in which they can use the
power they have as an organized
group in support of their economic
struggles.
The workers of Detroit must de-
mand the formation of labor party
and that labor drop forever the out
worn policy of "rewarding friends
and Furnishing the enemies of labor"
which means in every instance, elect
ing the representative of the CAPT
talist bosses to public office. The
Workers (Communist) Party calls
upon the workers of Detroit to ex-
press themselves in the interests of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22
CONTINUED from page u

lOOUIluu6u lTOul page ~
reason. The most important reason
for repudiating Smith and Bowles is
because both represent the capitalists
who are robbing and exploiting the
workers of Detroit.
The attempt to make the workers
Of Detroit decide the municipal cleo
tions on the basis of religious pre-
JUDGES, is part of game of the capt.
talists to prevent the workers from
using their political power in order
to fight in their own interests. Both
Smith and Bowles are playing this
game of the capitalists. Both prefer
to have the workers vote catholic or
anti-catholic rather than have them
them vote on the basis of relief for
unemployed workers, no use of police
in strikes, for better housing and
sanitary conditions in the working
class sections of Detroit and other
issues of interest to the workers and
affecting the lives of the workers.
Smith makes claim for the support
of the workers of Detroit on the basis
of his record. But what did Smith do
in 1924, when $4,000 workers were
without jobs and unable to earn liv-
ing? Did he demand that the CAPT
alist bosses must either give the
workers the opportunity to work and
earn a living or pay them wages? Did
he demand that the city of Detroit
should tax the capitalist employers in
order to furnish money for relief OF
the unemployed workers?
Every worker of Detroit knows that
Smith did none of these things. They
know that he stands for the capitalist
system and the capitalist method OF
making profit out Of the workers and
that he would not move one inch in
support of workers without jobs.
Bowles is no better than Smith in
this respect. He also supports the
capitalist system of exploiting the
workers which throws tens of thou
sands of workers on the streets when.
ever the bosses cannot make big pro-
fits out of their labor.
IL is on the basis of such issues
as unemployment and the attitude of
the candidates asking their support
on this question that the workers
should take their stand in the NUM-
cipal elections. but not on the basis
Of racial and religious issues.
The capitalist bosses want the
workers to divide on the basis of
racial and religious issues because
they know that workers who are in
hnenced by these prejudices will not
make a fight for their own economic
interests.
The workers of Detroit have moth
Ing to gain and everything to lose
by supporting either Smith or Bowles,
or any of the capitalist candidates in
the municipal elections THE workers
must organize as a class to fight their
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

Lehigh Valley Coal Co... 6S,245,1 Isl
Pennsylvania Coal Co... 56,000,000
"Hillside Coal & Iron Co.. 100000
Hudson Coal Co, interests 42,100,7S2
Lehigh G. Wilkes Barre
Coal Company .................. S9,127g20S
Coke Bros. e Co., Inc........ 8,154,0S5
Scranton Coal Co..............- 4,697 1888
The vast sum Of more than half
billion dollars here represented is an
integral part of a still more over
whelming combination of railroad
capital.
DITUMINOUS coal does not present
- such favorable physical precondi-
tions for monopoly and concentration.
Instead of being geographically con-
centrated, as anthracite, in corner
of single state, bituminous coal is
scattered over 80 fields in 26 states
and represents numerous grades Of
fuel. But altho representing lower
degree of concentration, bituminous
coal is also going thru the same pro-
cess toward monopoly organization
and large scale production in the
hands of few great corporations.
While there seems to be tremend-
Gus contrast between the number Of
separate producers in bituminous and
anthracite, this is not an accurate
gauge of the different degree of con-
centration. According to data of the
United States Geological Survey,
there are 1922 bituminous coal pro-
ducers, as against only TIA anthracite
producers. OF this large number,
however, 1914 produce less than 1O,-
900 tons per year, and only "a per
cent of the total output. 1t is clear,
therefore, that only 1928 producers
%Including memorandum reserves
for depreciation and depletion.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-10-22

Workers Party subscription
for the DAILY WORKER. A't con
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-10-07
F A N s
CLING TIGHT
TO COIN
Fugazy Only Promoter to At
tract 5000, 900 Gate in
4 Gotham

The outdoor boxing season of
1925 failed to come up TO the finan-
,cial peak reached in former years.
Artistically, the big outdoor pro-
grams were all that could be
desired. But it was demonstrated
that it has become more difficult
to coax the dollars from the peck
cts Of the customers.
OF the five major shows, only one
attracted receipts of more than
5000 900 That one was the Italian
Hospital show, staged at the Polo
Grounds On July 2, under the direc-
ton Of Humbert J. Fugazy, a new
conner in the promotion field. The
Italian show was the best of the
season, both artistically and finan-
cially. This was the entertain"
ment in which Harry Wills knocked
out Charlie Weinert, Harry Greb
gave Mickey Walker lacing and
Dave Shade exploded Jimmy Slat-
tery's bubble of greatness by flat
tening him in an early round.
Fugazy's bouts drew approx
mately $40 ,000s.- almost twice as
much as any of the other shows,
which + is remarkable considering
that it was Fugazy's first venture.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-10-07
E | D
SEEK NAVY
SCALP
Wisconsin Team Has Strong
Line and Heavy Backs
Ready for Fray

MILWAUKEE,, Wis, Oct. Tn
an attempt to make up in speed
what they will lack this season in
weight eleventh hour changes were
made in the array of the Marquette
University Golden Avalanche, which
will battle the huge heavy eleven
at Annapolis Saturday.
In today's practice Coach Frank
Murray placed Bob Demoling, who
has been working at tackle, back
at his old position at quarter and
Pete Cartwright, a 2O0-pound guard,
was shifted to tackle. Leary, a
brilliant sophomore fullback, is being
worked at halfback because of his
clever work shown at full
in the st. Mary's and Loyola VIC
tories
The Marquette squad spent most
of today's practice session in the
stadium on defense work on Navy
plays as reported by Assistant
Coaches Freeman Fitzgerald and
Lloyd Scott. who secuted the Navy
William and Mary game on Satur-
slay. Tho Golden Avalanche is in
good shape, Connie Dunn, reserve
quarterback, and Irv Leightfuss,
varsity half. being the only players
out with injuries.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-10-07
20

C2ua1teS.
Then the nights competition
came to a close, and the scorers
adding up, found that the Column
bians. under the captaincy Of May
O'Brien, had rolled a $50 camel!
Well. l thought that l had heard
women yell, both individually and
collectively before, but this record
breaking bunch sure put it oyer on
anything yet endured. And so the
perforated dome,
Not only did the Columbians set
an all-time record for a team game,
but Rena Levy of that team also
Dame within one pin of equaling
Lorraine CULTS 367 record set,
made last year
Then. seemingly not satisfied with
a few laurels, the Columbians, COM
posed of May O'Brien,f Emily Nell,
Katherine Klein, Didine Franklin
and Rena Levy rang up 1905 for
their team set-which brought them
within ten pins of equaling the
league record.
With such fine start it looks
as though the league is going to
have an interesting season.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1925-10-07
7 Y RON SHINES
AS GRANGE
FALTERS
Eastern Star PaIes Light
Of Vests Great
Gridironer

Nebraska succeeded in stopping
Red" Grange, but the Red"
Grange of the East still is going in
great style. The wonderful back Of
the East-Eddie Tyron, Of Colgate
five touchdowns and five
goals from touchdowns against
'Clarkson.
Last year. Tyron was one of the
leading individual scorers OF the
country and in two games this sea-
son he has scored eight touchdowns,
which gives him a commanding
lead over all others in scoring.
Tyron, Lafayette followers say,
had better do his scoring now, for
on the 18th he will be stopped
That is the day Lafayette and Col
gate play on Franklin Field. Sc