davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-11-01
BY WILLIS j. BALLINGER.

w YE have had our kings of
M copper, Of steel, of iron, of
| " " cotton, of all that Is val.
| liable in the eyes Of man
| on the earth and below its surface.
Are new kings to arise in the near
future-kings Of the ozone, locked in
| grim struggle for control OF the
latest field of wealth and power-the
air?
| Since the armistice commercial avia-
tion has blossomed forth into startling
| reality unknown to most of us. A
daily transcontinental air mail has
| been established and almost between
sunset and sunset huge Curtis planes
| wing their way over 200 miles from
San Francisco to New York. 1t
takes five days and nights for the
swiftest limited to span this distance.
In 1924 throughout the civilized
world 100000 miles of scheduled
flights for commercial purposes were
Acompleted. $4,000 passengers were
| transported and over 100000 pounds
Of highly valued goods carried safely.
Since the armistice over 10000 900
miles have been reeled off by COM
mercial aeroplanes and 250,000 miles
Of air tracks securely laid.
Promoted Air Mail.
With these facts in mind l ap-
preached Paul Henderson, general
manager of the National Air Trans
port, for an interview as to what
was going on behind the scenes in
the development of the aeroplane
commercially in the United States.
1 had been told that big business was
preparing for a titanic struggle to
possess the air for profit.
Mr.. Henderson had been Assistant
Postmaster General under Presidents
Harding and Coolidge and had been
one of the most enthusiastic promoters
Of the first air mail line attempted
by the Government in the early part
of 1922. Prior to that. as youth,
he had been with the Olds Motor
Works in the days of automobile
pioneering. Having seen the enor-
nous growth Of the automobile from
the day when 1t was looked upon as
freak I expected that Mr.. Hender-
son would not be devoid Of imagina-
tion in speaking about what may
prove another infant industry prodi-
gy-commercial aviation. With
frankness that was convincing and
encouraging he sketched In boldly his
replies to my queries.
Three Companies in Field.
"Mr. Henderson" I asked, have
you any idea how extensive the de-
velopment OF commercial aviation in
the United States has been carried on
up to date by private capital?"
A. So far as I know, there are
only three companies organized. One
is my company, the National Air
Transport. which will start a line
from Dallas, Tex. to Chicago. The
other two are the Western Air Ex-
press, operating on the West coast,
and the Colonial Air Line and Eastern
Air Express, consolidated into one air
corporation, and flying on the East
coast.
Q. Are there many big business
men in your corporation?
A. Yes, there are many.
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Swedish Match Trust
Will Invade Orient

Sweden's match trust, supported by
American capital and by a number Of
American factories, is about to invade
the Oriental market, hitherto doni-
mated by the Japanese match trust.
The Swedish trust has just procured
a state monopoly of matches in Po-
land. 1t is to pay the Polish govern
ment fixed sum every year and a
percentage of the profits, and is to
receive in addition loan Of Sc 900 900
at per cent. The trust receives the
right to build match factories for eX-
port trade and a concession Of the re-
Gently discovered Polish potash beds.
The potash will be used partly in the
making of matches and partly for eX-
port. Matches exported will go chiefly
to Asia and Oceania. The Swedish
American trust proposes to build fac
tories in India and gradually TO ab-
sorb the Hindu market. Its activities
are spreading in China, where the
Japanese match producers have hith-
erto been supreme. and it has just
bought three factories in Japan.
Evening star., 1925-11-01

Q. Will you name some Of them
for me?
A. Well. there is Howard Coffin,
vice president of the Hudson Motor
Co.: Roy Chaplin. chairman of the
board of directors of the same com
pany; c. NJ. Keyes. president OF the
Curtis Aeroplane Co. and Wall street
operator: William Rockefeller, who
needs no introduction; John Hays
Hammond, the noted mining engineer;
Lester Armour of Armour & Co.: Earl
Reynolds and John Mitchell, bankers
of Chicago.
That, 1 suggested, is quite a list
of plutoCrats. There is not man
whom you have mentioned who is not
worth over two millions.
A. Yes. that's true.
Q. And are the other companies
about which you spoke made up OF
rich men like your own?
A. Yes. ! should say that their
hackers are equally wealthy.
No Profits in Sight.
Q. That's one of the main points
wish to inquire about. With big
business clearly sponsoring the ad-
vent of commercial aviation. is it true
we are to have fierce fight for con-
troll of the air which will resemble
the giantlike struggle between early
American fnanciers over the iron
horse?
A. No: frankly. | do not foresee
any such struggle. for three reasons.
First. the men whom l have named
are not in commercial aviation for
profit. They have made their mil.
lions. They are enthusiasts and patri-
OTIS. They have gone into CONNER
cial aviation as d hobby. The old
masters Of capital. IL I recall correct
ly, were making their millions out
Of railroads. They wanted exorbitant
rates. The men in commercial avia-
tion are playing the game like sports
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Sees Big Business Baffled by the Air

ment gave away a land area equal
to the State of Texas to promote rail-
road development, will not aeroplane
promoters soon be in quest of money
and air zones from Congress?
| A. No. In the first place, II aero
plane promoters wanted subsidies
they couldn't get them. In the sec
ond place, there is no need for sub
sides. The railroads were a neces-
sity; they were a prime need. Com
mercial aviation. while 1t looks impos-
ing, is not an absolute necessity for
] transportation. 1t will never trans
port the bulk, or anywhere near the
bulk, of our annual commodity traf-
f1c. Since it is not a public necessity
Congress has no good reason for SUBJ
sidtzing. Commercial aviation may
| be benefit to a degree, but not a
necessity. .
| Q. If we are to have great trans
continental air lines in the near fu-
ture, will we not very probably have
an interstate commerce commission
Of the air with power to fix rates and
earnings on air lines? Unless we do,
will we not have all the evils Of rail-
road development repeated-extor-
| tionate rates and discrimination?
! A. Yes, within 10 years / think
| that we will have such a commission,
but / don't think that it will have to
be given power to set rates. In this
respect aeroplane development will
not resemble railroad growth. Air
aviation will always have to compete
with land carriers and very few peo-
| would "a a1f 1aal 70
train by a day or so. Only in the
direst emergency would extortionate
rates be submitted to. Aero rates are
bound to be selfregulatory from this
fact.
Old Days Best.
! Then I haZarded one more question.
For some time I had been wanting
to ask it Of some man well out in
the van Of material progress.
Mr.. Henderson, I said do you big
business men ever take a proper per
spective of the civilization which you
| have in some cases actually forced
| upon the world? We enjoy the auto
mobile, but who thinks OF the warn
ings of experts who tell us how dan
gerously the air is being polluted by
its escaping gases; Of those who have
perished from inhaling carbon mon
oxide: OF the thousands who are
killed every year? The railroads take
thousands of human lives more each
year. Every year we bridge distance
| little faster. but what about the
cost? VIII not the aeroplane simply
be another Frankenstein, whose de.
structiveness we will never notice?
| A. l agree with you. / am happy
to say that the age of the horse and
buggy was good enough for me. In
my honest opinion. If the hydro-car.
bon motor had never been invented. I
believe that we would be able to live
happier and more contented lives
There is no doubt but that our me.
chanical progress is exacting a fright.
full toll in shattered nerves and actual
loss Of life. But how can We stop?
There's the rub. We cannot let an
other nation outinvent us, for II
would mean our defeat In war. We
must bear the increasing burdens of
our mechanical age because we dare
not quit for safety's sake.
(Copyright 1921
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Isl Italian Papers
Published in u. S.

One hundred and f1fty-seven daily
and periodical publications in The
Italian language flourish in the United
States Of America out of 2SO in the
world outside Of Italy, according to
statistics published by the Italian de.
partment Of emigration. In the
United States there are nine Italian
newspapers, Of which three in New
York City have total circulation of
100000. italian dailies are published
IN Philadelphia. San Francisco, Chi.
cago. Boston and Providence. In
South America there are is Italian
daily newspapers. some Of which have
circulations as high as 10000. The
Oldest Italian newspaper outside of
Italy Is Messagero Egiziano of Alex
andria. now nearly so years old. Tunis
has an Italian daily and various Ital-
ian periodicals.
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Artificial Cotton
And Wool in Turin

In Turin is offered for sale for the
first time the new artificial wool and
cotton made by "a process analogous to
that which produces artificial silk in
abundant quantities. The invention is
the work of Italian experimenters. and
Italian firms are ready to commercial
ize It as soon as it's practically has
been proved. Apparently the first re-
suits are not wholly satisfactory, but
researches are continuing in the Rossi
textile works and other factories.
Should they prove successful, the re-
suit might be a profound alteration
in the currents of world trade. Most
Of the raw materials of the new in
vention can be obtained in Italy,
which may thus become largely in
dependent of American and Egyptian
cotton producers and Of the English
shepherd.
Evening star., 1925-11-01

Last year 100000 miles of
flights for purely commercial
purposes were flown by aero
planes throughout the world.
Eighty-iye thousand passen-
gers were transported.
Seven million pounds of valu-
able freight were carried.
Since the armistice 250,0O0
miles of practicable commercial
air routes have been laid out.
The companies, backed by
leading fnanciers, for CONNER
cial air transport are now or
ganized in America.
Are more coming? Will great
industrial leaders be able to
monopolize the air?
Paul Henderson, former As
sistant Postmaster General, now
pioneer in commercial air
transport. thinks not.
Evening star., 1925-11-01
l,845,OOO i'm Moscow.

Moscow's population as Of June Is.
1925, is officially announced as 1876
600. These are police figures and
should be fairly accurate, as the regis
tration is thorough. The increase dur
$4,000 was the. excess of births over
deaths. The death rate in 1925 was
15.5 per 1000, compared with IA In
1924. Births were 80 per 1000. COM
pared with 80 before the war. Mar
riages were Is per 1000, compared
with before the war-possibly because
of the facility and low cost of civil
weddings. On July l, state, co-opera-
tive and other public organizations
had $4,000 employees. and private or
CARNATIONS $4,000. Workmen in the
city numbered 10000, compared with
81 900 in 1921.
Evening star., 1925-11-01

Private schools of Britain are filed
to capacity and application to enter
some must b made several years in
advance
Evening star., 1925-11-01

California has the highest mininurd
wage law for woman workers Of any
State in the Union.
Evening star., 1925-11-01
BY BEN McKELWAY.

//Y Y HITLER" asked the Old
Editor as he dipped his
wv shears into the paste
Y pot and paused for en-
phasis, ARE we head
Evening star., 1925-11-01

Ahaggar.-The world will await
with interest the results of the
Franco American expedition whose
members started the other day in
seven six-wheel automobiles from
Constantine. Algeria, for the Ahag
gar region in the midst of the
Sahara. Desert Perhaps theX-Will
Evening star., 1925-11-01
BY HENRY w. BUM.

. HE following is q brief sum-
mary Of the most important
news Of the world for the
seven days ended October 81:
Evening star., 1925-11-01

"'Early in the war, the British
Government obtained possession of
copy of the German cipher code used
in the above message and have made
il their business to obtain copies of
Bernstorff' cipher kilograms to MeXi-
co, amongst others, which are sent
back to London and deciphered here.
This accounts for their being able to
decipher this telegram from the Ger
man Government to their representa-
tive in Mexico, and also for the delay
from January 10Th until now in their
receiving the information. This sys-
TEN has hitherto been a jealousy
guarded secret and is only divulged
now to you by the British Government
in view of the extraordinary circum.
stances and their friendly feeling to-
ward the United States. They earn
estIv request that you will keep the
source of your information and the
British Governments method of OBJ
tanning it profoundly secret, but they
put no prohibition on the publication
of Zimmermann's telegram itself.
THE copies of this and other tele-
.erams were not obtained in Wash
ington, but were bought in Mexico.
"I have thanked Balfour for the
service his Government has rendered
US and suggest that-a-p private official
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Imposed on Americans.

THE German government, many
times in the course Of the war, used
the good offices of the American State
Department for transmitting messages
to Ambassador Bernstorff. Germany
had no cable communication with the
United States: the wireless was unre-
liable and not always available; occa-
sionally, therefore, the Germans
would request Washington to serve
in this capacity. AS all such messages
touched England before starting
across the Atlantic, the consent of
the British government was necessary
before the favor could be performed.
That the British graciously permitted
CONTINUED on Eighteenth Page.l
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-09-05
4-Passenger Brougham
New Hudson-Essex Car

A new four passenger broughanl-
a istrikingly handsome carts an
nounced by the Hudson Motor Car
Co. One of the new cars is now on
display at the sales room of the Hud-
son Essex Sales So, Hudson Essex
dealer.
The new car is four door, close
coupled type. with leather rear quar-
tiers. The general lines are typical
Nof Hudson construction and design.
The whole effect is one of striking
smartness and style.
"These cars are custom built by
one of the oldest and best known
body manufacturers in the country"
said Frank S. Carpenter. THE con-
struction is all-aluminum, and the
details OF trimming and fittings are
of the same standard as the Hudson
sedans in the seven passenger iZe.
This car will be recognized at once
as one of the handsomest on the
streets.
"The outstanding feature however
is that they are given a quantity
price. Hudson Essex is now the
largest six cylinder manufacturer in
the world, and all it's costs and man
ufacturing expenses are distributed
over a very large volume of business.
his ldtl mas Iudue pOsSlDle the u1-
usual price which Hudson has es-
tablished on this car With it's Gus
tom- built body and the advantagea
of the famous Super Six chassis this
brougham will be one of the finest
cars anywhere. 1t really must be
seen to DE appreciated in its fineness
of details and its general impression
CT luxury and smart beauty. ~
"The general volume of Hudson
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-09-05

even the spark plugs are protected
against rain or a careless car wash
er. Electric wiring is carried in
metal-covered conduits The single
plate clutch gives ease Of operation,
and gear shifting is silent and
smooth.
Off the steering wheel has gone the
spark advance control; the engine
automatically times its firing to its
own speed and the driver has one
less thing to watch, and one less
source of trouble from forgetfulnass.
The entire lighting control has
been mounted on the steering wheel
at finger tips, so ones eyes need not
be taken from the road in passing
other cars at night: there is no need
to grope on the instrument board,
down under the wheel, for the lgnt
switch.
The foot aecelerator is of the ball
type, to which pressure can be ap-
piled at any point of its circumfer-
ence: the foot. thus left fiat on the
weather proof aluminium footboard
escapes driving fatigue The cowI
ventilator is operated by slight pres
sure of the foot.
All instruments are assembled un-
der one oval glass, indirectly lighted
eliminating projecting knobs and
handles, giving the. driver at one
glance complete view of the work
ings of his entire power plant, as
we'll as a view, by means of the gas
oline guage included. of exactly how
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-09-05
Ec-rc1 70 CONTRACTORS
ctass Highway Construction

Sealed proposals addressed to the
State Highway Commission, Augusta,
. Maine, for building ten sections 0f
State Highway viii be received by the
House, Augusta Maine. until HOO
o'clock A. N. Standard Time. Septem-
Der 1G, 1875. and at that time and
place publicly opened and read.
CEMENT CONCRETE AND BTU
sections as follows: c aAs Ai Kitte ewS
lib miles and "A" York, 1.42 miles.
B1TUMTNoUs MACApAM SUR
FACE, two sections as follows: IL,
Frankfort Winterport, and Il" VIM
GRAVEL SURFACE six sections AZ
"J-k' MiIo-orneville, SOC miles; .K''
Garieou, $50 miles; "K-Spur," Fort
miles and "" Bueksport. 4.sa miles.
jects is subject to the approval. BY
referendum vote, of the proposed bond
issue making available additional
funds for highway and bridge con-
The work will consist Of grading,
drainage and surfacins. Each propo-
sal must be made upon the blank
form provided by the Commission, for
copy of which a deposit of one dol
lar will be required, and must be ac-
surety bond for 19G of the amount
bid. payable to the Treasurer of the
state of Maine The envelope enclos-
ing the proposal. should be plainly
marked Proposal for State Highway
Construction in Town of ~
The deposit and the certified check
will be returned to the unsuccessful
bidder unless forfeited under the con-
ditions stipulated.
A bond satisfactory to the COM
mission, of not less than one-fourth
nor more than one-half Of the amount
of the contract will be required. Plans
may be seen and forms of specifica-
lions and contract may be obtained at
the Office of the Commission, Augusta,
Maine.
The right is reserved to reject any
or all proposals.
CHARLES H. INNES, Chairman,
WILLIAM j. .LANltiAN,
CHARLES MURRAY,
State Highway Commission.
PAUL ID. SARGENT Chief Engineer.
Dated at Augusta, Maine, September
?, 1925. sept3-5-S
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-09-05

many gallons of gasoline he has in
the tank.
There is a combination stop -and-
tail light, and a heavy steel apron to
protect and beautify the gasoline
tank, and one key fits all the locks
on the car.
For the driver, additional conven-
fences include an automatic wind
shield cleaner and rear-view mirror,
sun visor above a one piece, fully
ventilated Windshield giving unin-
terrupted vision.
The lower section of the body is
lacquer finished in deep toned
Studebaker blue. Rear quarter win
dows are oval, smartly inclined to
the front. The rear window, also
oval, is shielded within by a silk cur
tain.
The four doors of the brougham
are wide, giving easy access, and
have adjustable glass windows. Door
pulls are fully nicleled and the out
side door handles are nickeled. with
enamel insets. On the instrument
board is a monogram plate.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-09-05
Chicago Produce Market
Chicago. Sent. 4.-(AP)

Chicago, Sept. 4.-(AP).
There was a lively back somersault
in corn prices today. After jumping
to wei labove 81 a bushel, September
delivery, the corn market reversed it,
self in a rush of selling to realize
profits. Prospects of cooler weather
and of showers likely to check damage
to the corn crop did much to start the
selling. All grain closed weak, corn
IL to 4c net lower, September 97s and
December $50 to $50 Wheat finished
"a to &c down, December 1.51a and
May 1854 to 1.55s. with oats to 1c
off and provisions varyin gfrom &c de-
cline to a rise of lie.
At first the course of the corn mar
ket was governed by the fact that
records for September heat. were be-
ing broken in the west, and that re-
ports at hand showed no abatement
of drought. 1t later developed, how
ever that country offerings of corn
had increased on account of the bulge
in values. At this juncture, too, a fore
cast of unsettled weather northwest
was construed as pointing to relief
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-09-05
Two Cars Have .
Run 1,400,000 Miles

Two motor cars in California have
run up a total of more than 1.400, 900
miles. Their records are more than
100000 miles each and each has been
running eight years. They are still
operating in uninterrupted daily
service and their owners say they
will be driven for years more before
they are retired from service.
1t was in May of this year that
each car turned it's 100000 miles, a
distance the equivalent of % trips
around the world. The two machines
are standard touring cars made by
the Packard Motor Car Company,
each one of which was heightened
in wheel base to carry a large motor
car stage body. They have been
operating constantly night and day
for eight years each in the fleet Of
thirty Packard cars operated by the
Pickwick Stages system.
The veteran Packard stage coaches
each carry Ia passengers besides the
driver. They are fully loaded on
nearly every trip and from the time
they were first placed in service they
have carried 5000 pounds more load
than they were designed to carry.
Despite rough roads, mountain
cllInDlng ana runs through the QeS-
ert, neither car, overloaded a ton and
a half as they always are, ever has
broken down on the road.
The entire Pickwick fleet Of Pack
ard cars has run a total of more
than 12,600,000 miles. The routes OF
the line extend from FL Centre and
San Diego in southern California to
Portland, oregon.
The two Packards with the great
est mileage have one of the hardest
stage runs in the entire West. Their
route lies between Los Angeles and
Bakersville, over the Tehachapi pass
and through desert and hilly roads
that subject automobiles to as severe
a test as they could undergo any
where. Each car averages more than
200 miles day annually, on the
present run. In former years with
fewer cars operated by the company
their daily average had to be much
greater.
Officers of the Pickwick Stages
System are authority for the state
ment that little repair work has been
necessary on even the oldest Pack
ards in service.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-09-05


impart.
The employee who Is willing to
make the sacrifice Of doing more
than he is paid to do-the man or
woman who saves at the sacrifice
OF temporary pleasure. can rest
assured they are on the high road
Of success.
To all those wEo are imbued With
the true thrift spirit, sacrifices are
but blessings In disguise.
A young man. who has made
rapid advancement in the business
world, and, from every standpoint
OF good citizenship and personal
progress, is an outstanding success,
recently was asked to outline the
principles which have served for
his guidance His written reply
was as follows:
Il believe in doing more than I
am paid to do, because l believe
that ii will pay me in the long run
and that / can prove to be OF
greater value to myself and to my
friends. If necessary. I will, make
sacrifices. l have made them in the
past, and / expect to make them
in the future. do not believe any
man can really succeed who Is not
willing to make sacrifices and make
them promptly and willingly when
they are called for"
Here Is one Of the best lessons
In thrift ever uttered. 1t would be
well If all young men and young
women could read it carefully and
apply 1t personally.
1t is a lesson in thrift because 1t
teaches success through sacrifice.