davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Europe Bickers-SOUiet Russia
Builds

The speech of Austen Chamberlain, British for
eign minister, delivered Tuesday in the house of
commons is the most friendly expression of official
British feeling towards Germany made public
since the outbreak of the war
1t is probable that the speech marks the definite
alignment of Britain and Germany against France
-an alignment having as much organizatiOnal
character as is possible under circumstances that
make each new German regime a temporary and
ineffective instrument for treaty purposes
Great Britain is just as much interested in the
German frontier questions as Germany is The
power of France in Europe is based on a system
of alliances with small nations like Poland that
have received territory and natural resources for
merly German. Great Britain may be willing to
perpetuate the present Rhineand frontier but she
is not willing to have Germany whose industrial
and military revival is necessary as a weapon
against France, stripped forever of the coal and
iron Of Siesia that would form the basis of her
heavy industry
Neither is Great Britain willing to give France
guarantees of security enabling her to make Ger
many French colony The British dominions
have put their collective foot on this proposal as
the British foreign Office probably expected they
would
France now firts again with Turkey as a means
of bringing pressure upon Great Britain so that in
the Balkans and in Asia Minor the threat of war
continues. Turkey and Great Britain are at swords
points over the MOsul oil fields and France is thus
able to make considerable inroads on British
diplomacy at AngOra.
1t is now more than seven years since the
armistice was signed and there is sign that the
allied governments are any closer to a settlement
of the national rivaries than they were at that
time. The Versailles treaty has increased the an
tagonisms rather than eliminated them.
To the east of the European war pot Soviet Rus
STA goes calmly along strengthening herself in
ternally-winning the confidence and support of
the great masses of the orient as well as the
fraternal sympathy and aid of the oppressed work
ers of the western nations
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
LOW WAGES BUT HIGH PROFITS

present par value Of the common
stock. But within less than 10 years
there have been three so per cent
stock dividends increasing the stock.
holders investment by nearly $40 pei
cent without their risking an addition.
al cent in the business. So the 1924
earnings mean return of about lis
per cent. One reason why the cost OF
building is still hight
Otis Elevator Co. is another con
Germ which has helped jack up the
cost of building. Its 1924 profit OF
$4,161, $40 means over 20 per cent on
the common stock and If recent stock
dividends are taken into account Il
apears that stockholders have a profit
of over 3S per cent.
Fleischmann Co., with its toll on a
large part of the country's brealf.
stuffs, shows net income after taxes
and interest charges amounting 10
$9,S43,23 This is a return of about
20 per cent for the owners OF com.
mon stock.
North American Co., a holding COM
pany owing public utilities serving
over 100000 customers, reported
profit of $1O,5s2,7 64 equivalent to s15h
per cent on the stockholders invest.
ment.
But for return on investment the
orpheum Circuit Corp. is in a class by
itself. The 1924 net income OF $2,ss7,-
S14 means return of $4.29 on each
81 invested by common stockholders
or 429 per cent. Cash dividends are
running at the annual rate OF $50 per
cent. Evidently amusement is one OF
the aspects Of life which communi-
ties could provide much more reason
ably on cooperative basis.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
BY LELAND oLDs
Federated Press Industrial Editor)

cash dividends totalling SAT per
~ cent in 10 years is the record
achieved by Utah Copper Co. with it's
1924 report. How did it do it?
Ask the mine. mill and smelter
workers who are sweating for wages
less than 80 per cent above 1914 in
the face of cost of living which has
increased more than 20 per cent. At
times during the 10 years their wages
represented only about one-fifth of the
price paid by consumers while the
owners were taking one-half in rents,
royalties and profits.
For 1924 Utah reports a profit of
$9,090,109 giving common stockhold.
ers return of 64.4 per cent on their
investment. This is just one of the
generous profits for the owners of in.
dustry reported recently in the finan-
cial news. Among them:
National Tea Co., known to most
housewives, turns in the highest profit
in its history. A net profit of $1,472,.
1893 after all deductions means $27.66
a share on the no-par common stock.
But as each no-par share stands for
an investment of about $40 this profit
is really a return OF 1913 per cent for
a single years business. After gen.
erous dividends this company retains
undivided profits more than 51a times
the common stock
American Radiator Co., which takes
its toll on a large part of the coun.
try's building, reports 1924 profit
Of s11,l53,72s after all taxes and in.
terest. charges have been paid. This
means more than "a per cent on the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Chicago Carpenter MiIitants Win

The militant carpenters of Local 1S1 are back
in the union The explosions were never ratified
by the union and with the retreat of International
President Hutcheson to petulant demand for an
apology for vigorous language in the resolution
which caused the trouble the local union, which
had stood by the expelled men all the way thru,
decided that the mlitants should come back. They
60 back to resume the work of exposing the anti
working class character of the Hutchinson admins
tration and building the union into an efficient
weapon in the daily struggle and the combat
against capitalism.
The sturdy fight and victory of the Detroit car
penters on a more clear cut issue unquestionaby
had much to do with the lifting of the ban on the
Chicago militants. This goes to show that broaden
ing the struggle, bringing as many workers into
is can be reached is the best way to fight trade
union bureaucrats just it is the best way to fight
the capitalists and their government
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Big Fortunes Stir Investigation

ganized on the basis, OF constructive
program and to rid themselves OF
these leeches that suck their life's
blood. Only the miners themselves
are able to clean house and place
leaders at the head of their district
and international that will fight in
the interest of the miners in the pits.
The program is that of the Progress
sive Miners Committee, under the di-
rection Of the Trade Union Education
al League. 1t is a rank and file pro-
gram calling for rank and file strug-
gle, and thru the program which must
be fought out by the miners them.
selves in militant mine committees.
the coke region miners have chance
of victory in spite of both the Lewis
machine and the vicious operators and
their capitalist state power.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Class and Racial Unity in the
Coal Fields T.

1t is no light matter to decide to fight the steel
trust in the coal fields of Pennsylvania. 1t is a
still more serious matter in the Fayette coal fields
where the Prick Coal company carries out the
policy of shooting and clubbing workers that the
man for whom it is named began in the great steel
strike in Homestead.
A strike in this district and under these condi-
tons is no Maytime gambol. 1t is something that
involves the very lives of thousands of miners and
their families. The miners unorganized due
to the treachery of the Lewis oficialdOm of the
miners union, but they have been in more than one
struggle and have a great fund of fighting ex-
perience to guide them.
In this situation it is Reartening to read our
news of yesterday which tells of the Negro miners
on strike with the white workers. Some time ago
wrote that given the same industrial experience
the white work the Negro toiler would show just
as much militancy and loyalty to his class. In the
Fayette coal fields there is now living proof of the
correctness of this statement
Upon the militants in Pennsylvania organized in
the Workers (Communist) Party of America and
the T. U. T. l.. is the responsibility for providing
speakers, organizers and relief just as they did in
the strike of 1922.
That they are on the job is shown by the news
we receive every day of the struggle as it develops
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
CONTINUED from Page y.


the efforts of workers demanding in,
creased wages and improved condi-'
tions of labor.
The form of organization and the
numbers Of the state constabularies
vary from state to state. Some are
called departments of public safety"
some rangers" some state detect
i've bureaus"
Some sort of state police laws are
found in the following states, passed
in-the years indicated; Arizona (191S),
Connecticut (192D, Delaware (1915),
Idaho (192D, Kentucky (192D, Maine
(1916), Massachusetts (922), Michi-
gan (1919), Nebraska (191S). Nevada
(1919), New Jersey (192D, New York
(191O, Pennsylvania (1919-revisedl
South Carolina (1912), Tennessee
G919), Texas (192O), West Virginia
1929.
Cossacks Not An Exception
1t is impossible to go into detail
here, but instances can be cited show
ing that the Pennsylvania cossacks
are the type and not the exception.
The state constabulary in New York
has only short history thus far but
that history is black with crimes
against the workers who move the
wheels of industry in the great empire
state. Stories printed in the capital
list press itself show that the state
troopers sent to Buffalo ito head off
expected violence" in the street rail-
way strike of 1922, behaved so out
rageously that they were opposed even
by Mayor Schwab and all the city
councilmen. A petition signed by 1885,
900 names called upon the governor to
withdraw the troops and stated that
the troopers committed "unmanly and
brutal actions" that they malicious
ly attacked" peaceful citizens and that
they "have irratonally ridden on side
walks, dispensing innocent Pc
destrians.
Those "Rural" Communities
Buffalo is not exactly rural COM
munity-nor is Utica, nor Rochester,
nor Schenectady; but these are the
places where the New York state pol
ice appear to be most needed.
West Virginia is another state in
which state constabulary has been
just recently set up. The West Vir-
ginia force is only few years old and
every class conscious worker in the
state looks upon it as deadly enemy.
1t is in fact mere auxiliary of the
private gunner and Baldwin-Felts de-
tectives employed by the business in
terests.
constabuIary Protects Company
Killers
Bloody indeed is the anti-labor re-
cord of the West Virginia troopers.
Five of these state troopers were on
the scene when G. E. Lively, company
stool pigeon, shot Sid Hatfield and
Ed. Chambers on the steps of the
Welsh court house in the summer of
1921, because Hatfield and Chambers
had shown themselves to be stunch
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
State Police Fight Workers

friends of the mine workers. None
Of the troopers moved to arrest the
murderers who walked calmly away
under. the noses of the representatives
Of capitalist law and order.
While playing the role of mildly
amused spectators when company gun
men committed outrages, the state
troops regularly arrested and dubbed
workers. Even as l write, dispatches
show that the West Virginia state
police are framing up" miners sus-
pected of union sympathy at Fair
mount, endeavoring to use the fact
that the known disregard Of safety
laws rules in the open shop Bethlehem
mines caused an explosion, to accuse
union miners of destroying the mine
and killing their fellow workers.
The chief work of the state troops
in West Virginia for the year ended
June 1922, was to prevent the organ
ization of the miners. An indication of
this is seen in the fact that the over
whelming majority Of the 1904 ar
rests made were in Logan and Mingo
counties, the seat Of the most vicious
anti-union efforts.
State Police Enforcing Law and
Order"
On June 2, 1922, the state troops
raided the strikers tent colony at
Lick Creek, wrecking property, cut
ting the tents, destroying the miners
stock of food, pouring kerosene in the
milk, etc.
Hundreds of af1davits show that
during strikes in states having state
constabularies, the troopers broke up
strike meetings and conducted a sys-
tematic warfare against the strikers.
Free speech, freedom of assembly and
other rights" guaranteed by the con-
stitution were ignored in the districts
under their control.
RoekefeIIer's Little Army
The experience with the rangers"
in Colorado during the great coal
strike of 1922 is worth calling to mind.
The rangers were ordered out by Gov
ernor Shoup in November, 1921, even
before the miners had declared a
strike and when there was not the
Slightest indication that violence
might ensue. The man in charge of
the troops was none other than Pat.
]. Hammock, the same who led the
Rockefeller-bought militia in the no.
torious massacre of the miners. and
miners families in Ludlow tent col
ony, in 1914. The results resemble
those described in Pennsylvania, West
Virginia and other states. So brutal
were they in their conduct, and so
great was the pressure of working
class protests, that the succeeding
governor, William E. Sweet, was
obliged to ashland the rangers soon
after he took Office.
Why then, this pretense that the
claw and order" gang Of Illinois want
state police here for any different
motive !? The workers do not want
more police Of any kind. They have
had too much experience Of police
mems clubs already
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Continued from page u

(COnJluueu ITOm page ~
returns are not known.
These miners are the victims of the
worst kind Of treachery. Outrages
were committed against them by the
private gunner and state police Co.'S
saks. Suffering and starvation was
rampant in every camp.
Got Little Relief, But Much Treachery.
On August II, 1922, they were de-
serted by Lewis and company. But
in order to pacify any rebelious spirit
among the miners, he promised the
Fayette miners relief. The following
February the betrayal was completed
by Lewis tools Feeney and O'Leary.
They ordered the men to go back to
work without making any provision to
go back organized. The miners were
simply thrown to the mercy" of the
coal operators and steel barons.
The miners never have been able to
find out what became Of the greater
part of the money raised by their or
ganization for the Fayette relief. Now
two years after, it appears that the
personal bank accounts of the Lewis
henchmen have become swelled to the
extent that the internal revenue Off
GERS found it necessary to conduct an
investigation.
Takers Bank Accounts Investigated.
OLeary did everything possible to
evade and investigation but was finally
apprehended. He was brought to the
First National Bank of Charleroi be.
tween. two internal revenue officers.
An hour later Bill Feeney apears at
the bank and both remained there fol
several hours. fA
From the bank they went to the
Charleroi post office accompanied by
the two revenue officers. Other banks
were also visited by this same group
in Brownsville and other nearby
towns. Both Feeney and O'Leary
were a mighty sick looking bunch.
Even by their own figures these
takers were drawing big salaries and
equally large expenses while the min.
ers and their fanatics were starving.
The amounts claimed to have been
paid for relief by these officials is far
above what the printed reports show.
1t is these takers and their methods
that are wrecking the miners organ.
ization. They are weakening 1t at
every turn and in every district.
They are making II an easy prey for
the operators either to destroy or rem.
der harmless. II any miner raises a
protest he is Immediately branded as
"disrupter" and becomes the target
Of the officials.
The Hope Ahead-The Progresslves
The coal diggers are slowly being or
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Bill Bars Teaching
of Evolution In
Tennessee Schools

NASHVILLE, Tenn, March 25.--A
bill prohibiting teaching the theory OF
evolution in the public schools, nor
mails and colleges of the state was
signed by Gov. Austin Peay and pass
ed in each house of the assembly by
a heavy vote. The governor gave as
his reason for backing the bill that
evolution was Eat variance with the
teachings of mans creation as related
in the bible"
The new act makes it unlawful for
any teacher in the universities, nor
mails, or other schools of the state
which obtain state funds ito teach any
theory that denies the story of the
divine creation of man as taught in
the bible, and to teach instead that
man has descended from lower order
of animals.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Teachers Wages Do
Not Meet Needs of
Mere Living Costs

NEW YORK, March 25.-Backing
up its arguments for the passage of
the teachers salary increase bill at
Albany the joint salary committee of
Teachers Associations are publishing
a series Of graphs showing how the
cost of living has risen at twice the
speed Of teachers salaries so that the
city's educators are worse off than in
1920.
For instance: Men kindergarten
teachers in the 6-B group got $3.50
in 1900. To purchase as much as
they could purchase then the wage
should now be 1920. 1t is actually
$2,S75.
A graduating class teacher (now as
a IA to S-B mani got $2,4OO in 1900.
To prevent a reduction in his living
standard his wage should be $4,365. 1t
is actually $3.50. a..
An elementary school principal in
1900 got $4,000. His wage, propor-
tionate to living costs should be $6,350
now. 1t is actually. $4,75O. A high
school assistant in 1900 who got ST.
400 should now get $4,365 but actual
ly gets $4,000. A high school princi-
pal in 1900 got $4,000; should get
$1,000, but actually gets sc, 500.
The graphs do not give comparative
salaries for the lower classifcations
OF teachers; when these are compiled
the comparisons Will prove far more
striking. arr
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
MUSSOLINI NEAR
DEATH lis AIDS.
SPLITsEASCISTI.
Cancer of Stomach Is
Bringing End
Especial to Tho Daily workerI

ROME, Italy, March u.s. Benito
Mussolini, the fascist dictator Of Italy,
is in critical condition, following his
public appearance for brief speech
from the Palazzo Chigi balcony. Mus
solini is afflicted with cancer Of the
duodenum, the upper part of the small
intestine, from which he will never
recover, his lieutenapts say.
Mussolini, who kept his power by
his violent terrorization of all opposi-
ton will pass from the scene brok-
en-, beaten man, just as Woodrow Will
son, servant of American Imperialism.
was obliterated from the political
arena. 9AAe
The workers Of Italy are hearten-
ed by the divisions existing within
the fascist party, and are uniting sol
idly behind Communist leadership.
Too Weak for Operation.
The doctors refuse to operate on
Mussolini, declaring that a venereal
disease contracted by Mussolini inYhis
youth has so weakened his constitu-
ton that an operation would be too
dangerous.
Mussolini's condition was first made
known to the public when he was
forced to take to his bed after a
series of fainting spells, followed by
slight stroke which impeded his
speech and paralyzed his face.
Mussolini is admittedly not respon-
sible for his acts, as his brain is not
clear, fascist leaders close to Musso-
lini admit. Mussolini gives orders
and then attempts to revoke them af-
ter they have already been executed.
He has grown morose, and laments
that he is drifting into such miser-
able end.
Ordered Murders.
Mussolini's illness came at a time
when he was growing increasingly
unpopular with the masses of the Ital-
ian workers, because of the shocking
disclosures that Mussolini had order
ed the murder of the socialist deputy,
Matteotti, and was responsible for
killing many other opponents.
The dissension within the fascist is
now more acute than it has ever been.
With the elimination of Mussolini, the
general secretary of the fascist party.
Farinacci, who is the extremist, is at
tempting to inaugurate a reign of
open murder and violence. Federzoni.
minister of the interior, is the leader
Of the more conservative element
within the fascist, who would rely on
the industrialists and on secret in
trigue rather than open violence to
keep the fascist in power.
Split Among5FascIsti.
While these two wings of the fas-
cisti are fighting for power, many
rank and file members of the fascist
party are enlisting behind the Com
munist slogan of ''all power to the
workers." and are aiding in the cam
paign to get control of the industries
thru factory committees and strikes.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
"CaH a Copw

The close connection between the police depart
ment and the low wage mercantile establishments
is shown by the arrest of three members of the Chi
cago local of the Workers (Communist) Party.
These comrades were distributing a leahet de-
failing the grievances of the workers in the Boston
Store. They were arrested on the complaint of the
management atho no law had been violated The
usual investigation to determine the existence Of
"foregn influence" if any, was conducted by the
police and the comrades were then released after
spending many hours in the noisome city Jail.
This country is ruled by the club of the police.
Every labor skinner, when his misdeeds are made
public by militant workers, calls cop and wants
the offenders locked mp for life or deported.
The bosses have every reason to be loyal to their
government. 1t certainly is on the job-for them.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
Federal Judge Is
Harsh and Corrupt
Tyrant, Is Charge

ST. LOUIS, Mo-, March 25.-Further
testimony tending to substantiate
claims of government counsel that
Federal Judge George w. English,
ruled from his bench in a tyrannical
and arbitrary fashion was expected to
be extracted from half a dozen wit
nesses today in resumption Of the con-
gressional subcommittee hearing here,
looking toward possible impeachment
of the jurist.
Testimony bearing on charges Of
financial Irregularities in the handling
of bankruptcy cases was expected to
be reached in several days.
Testimony thus far offered has
painted Judge English as fiery,
tyrannical judge who disbarred at
torneys without just provocation,
jailed newspaper reporters and car
ried a revolver which on one occasion
he drew and pointed at a reporter de-
claring: "I've been shot at three times
and hit. 1t hurts like hell and I'm not
going to be shot at again. If there's
any shooting I'm going to do It first"
This testimony was offered by Frank
l.. Munie, publisher of an Edwards
vile, Illinois, newspaper.
Charles Karch and Thomas Webb,
two disbarred attorneys, testified the
judge was tearing, swearing man,
who used vile languages on all occa,
sions and was unreasonably harsh"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-27
French Seek Pact
with Turks Against
England and Russia

CoNsTANTINoPLE. March 25.-
Henri Franklin-Bouillon. has been
sent to Turkey by the Herriot govern
ment to attempt to influence the Turk
ish government to break with Russia
and form an alliance with France.
The French representative wants
the support of Turkey in North
Africa, the middle east and Syria
against England, with Russian infiu-
ence excluded. The Turks have been
offered use Of the Bagdad railway,
munitions and credits and support
against English Influence in Mosul, II
Is reported.