Evening star., 1925-01-21
GENEVA PROTOCOL
HELD PEACE BASIS
Move Toward international
Arbitration, Speaker at
ParIey Here Says.

As the National Conference on the
Cause and cure of War swung into
the second phase of its problem today,
after having listened for three days
10 speakers and discussion as 10 the
causes" II developed that sentiment
among the delegates from nine Sepa-
rate national Women'S organizations
does not favor establishment of a
new permanent league or council for
peace as an outErowth of the con-
ference.
Each constituent body of women
in the conference at the Washington
Hotel, il was said officially today,
desires to work under its own name,
to retain its own autonomy and
would favor the establishment OF a
c0-operative committee. or liaison
body, which would be the means Of
helping the associations carry on any
unified program which may be agreed
to.
Three on Program.
Speakers today launched into a dis
cussion of the cures of war. Those
who spoke this morning included
David Hunter Miller, attorney, of
New York technical adviser TO the
American Commission TO Negotiate
Peace and an assistant in framing
the final draft Of the covenant Of the
League of Nations; Right Hon. Sir
Willoughby Dick insun, (. 3. T., pres
ident Of the " orld Federation Of
League Of Nat!oHs Societies. and
Prof. J. ". Garner Of the University
Of Illinois.
Mr.. Miller, declaring that arbitra-
tion was one of the roads to inter
national peace, but was by no means
TO be considered as panaCea- pre-
dicted that the new protocol of
Geneva certainly will be the basis
of the next general step taken toward
complete international arbitration"
Sees Sacrifice Needed.
sir Wiuoughby Dickinson said that
the lesson of the World War had been
that "a great effort is needed to sub
stitute something else for war and
that nations must be prepared to
make great sacrifices in order TO obtain
this result"
The problem of stopping fights has
been solved in civilized states, he said,
by the institution of courts of jus
tice to decide disputes arising among
individuals. Some people have OBJ
JeCted that a similar course is not ap-
plicable to the nations, but in proof
of the contrary there is the prece-
dent of the American States.
When the Con stitution of the United
States was made, these States We're
separate and very divergent in their
interests; nevertheless, the unity Of
the United States was effected, firstly
by the Constitution, and, secondly, by
the action of the Supreme Court"
Might Have stopped War.
Had a world court similar in inter-
national power to the authority of
the United States Supreme Court in
America existed in 1914 when Ger
many invaded Belgium, the speaker
said, lin defiance of her promise. that
action would have been stopped and
the Great War might never have
taken place"
Prof. Garner, speaking from the
subject, Qualification of International
Law" declared that if international
Jurists and statesmen had devoted as
much time and thought to formulat-
ing a body Of law for maintaining
peace as they have given to making
rules for the regulation Of warfare,
many of the wars of the past century
might have been avoided.
Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait, general
chairman of the conference, in an in
formal address at the opening of the
session today, denied that she had
ever been a member of the Interna-