davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
crcwd Has Personality
but Little individuality

1t would huve been more to the pur
pose If the critics had Insisted upon
Walt Whitman's position as the poe
I personality. rather than Of indt
iduality. These terms are commonly
onfused In the minds of most people
md even held to be interchangeable
n reality maximum of individua'
Y implies a minimum Of personaii.
I'd vice versa. The individual. 81
,uch, Is necessarily isolated and there
fore devoid Of personal ability to share
In the lives and fortunes Of others;
the truly strong personality is he who
Is able most fully to share and under
stand the nature of those with whols
ne is In contact, and who correspond
ngly subordinates his individuality
TO theirs. And the same Is true OF
crowds. az Of individuals. A crowd
has personality; 1t has little or no
Individuality It Is fact that crowds
in different countries reveal indiyid
aal differences: thus an English crowd
Is less excitable, restless, noisy, thar
crowd may be even more reserved, for
aught know; yet. despite these acct
dents, each crowd expresses certain
fundamental reactions, possesses Ger
rain elementary desires common to all
humanity. Each crowd Is at bottom
a vast reservoir Of blind desire. vague
faith, dumb suffering; each crowd 10
composed of units that breathe, hope,
die; each crowd Is uncoordinated per
sonality In conflict with individual dit
terentiation; each crowd Is at once
Everyman and Noman.-John Gould
Fletcher In the North American Re
view.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Vast Stores of Gold
Await Lucky Finders

What becomes Of gold? 1t has many
channels Of disappearance, according
to experts. Figures show that more
than half of the annual output IL en-
ployed in the fine arts and jewelry
trade. Thousands Of pounds also ara
used by dentists, according to Pops
lar Mechanics Magazine, one estimate
being that over a ton is needed every
year for the filling Of teeth. Then
money is worn in handling, this loss be-
Ing one and a quarter million dollars
annually. Bank of England sovereigns
are often tested and found to have lost
much of the original weight.
Of the immense quantities Of the
precious metal that have been buried
away in the earth, 1t Is believed COM
paratively little has ever been recov-
cred. The priests Of Peru are said to
have buried approximately ten million
dollars worth of treasure to preserve
1t from the clutches of their perse-
cutors. None of this has been found.
The tombs of the old kings Of Egypt
were treasure houses, immense Quantt-
ties of gold and jewels being inferred
with them. 1t has been estimated by
historians that Alexander the Great
became the master of great boards Of
gold, all of which, so far as Ia known,
has vanished
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Genius of Philology
GiUen Stern Justice

Curious pleas have sometimes been
put forward in support of the reprieys
OF notorious criminals. One Of the
strangest was that on behalf Of
George Ruloff, an American school
teacher. who was convicted In 1870
OF series of robberies and murders
his own wife and daughter beine
among the victims. For cold-blooded
cruelty his record would be hard to
beat, but Ruloff had his other side.
He was an ardent philologist and
had been engaged for years on the In
vention of universal language. No
one could attempt to palliate his
crimes. but a widely signed petition
was presented to the governor of Viz
ginia for his reprieve on the ground
that as his invention, II completed
would be of the utmost benefit to man.
kind 1t would be criminal folly to OF.
tinguish such light of learning. The
governor thought otherwise and RuIofY
vas duly hanged.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Prisons" May Yet Be
Maintained in Open

Prison In the open air seems a con-
tradiction in itself. for the very word
prison" calls up the idea of incarcera-
tion in locked and walled-up buildings
However. there is such a thing, and
in Holland that very successful
riments have been made with out
~ prisons.
Sixty persons were drafted to the
OVID of Veenhuizen, to serve their
-r1n there. Their task was to con-
~ moorland into cultivated field.
al they showed themselves very in
isirious in the undertaking. They
e divided into gangs, each containing
few persons, but are not supervised
watched by any sort Of warier or
tdciaI; these prisoners may live in
aHmon and advance their social
UNSOLICITED to supervision.
~ foreman of each gang Is, how
er. not a prisoner, but a workman
who joins voluntarily. 1t would not be
difficult to escape under such condi-
IONS but no one has hitherto attempt
do SO. The environment is much
favorable than In an ordinary
5n, and the Dutch government In
'nSidering setting up several centera
If this sort.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
:. called On /
TO "Trale" at Home

In q copy Of the Providence Gazette
issued during the Colonial period apa
pears an amusing item Of local newA
which. II literally adhered to, doubts
less would have devastated a portioA
Of New England Of its household cats.
The copy Of the paper bears the data
of November %, 1857, and one readily
d1scerns that the residents OF that
Rhode Island city regarded them
selves at the time as loyal subjects Of
George LII. The article reads: "a
number of householders in this iowa
will engage to supply the public with
the article Of Catskins Of American
breed. not inferior to British ones, foe
making Muffs and Tippets. There
are at this time a large number Of
his majesty's American cats, finely
colored and spotted, who are bad
mousers and now ready to be sacri.
feed for the good purpose Of nuns
and tippets. and 1t Is hoped that an
persons who wish well to America
will give the preference to his ma
Jesty's catskins before those Of for
eign growth. AS muffs and tippets
are thought to be of the first impor-
lance, it would be well worth the coz
sideration Of all lovers of this couR-
try whether we ought not to encoure
age the use and consumption Of our
own catskins in preference of an
others. The learned assure US tha4
the American catskins are vastly su-
perior to those of Europe. being q
finer fur and more beautifully Vaxie'
gated with spots and streakA"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Collie Certainly Was
Cleuer Though Crooked

The dog story the other day seems
to have attracted considerable All ~.
ton, says a writer in the Monlr,
Herald, for in this mornings mail
received the following from an az
Quaintance:
"a friend of mine is a butcher. vii,
some time ago noticed a big colt
drop a letter at his feet The me;u
man opened the note and discovere
that it was an order, signed by tn
collie's master, for piece of sausa-e
The dog was given the meat. and TN
amount chalked up on the mas 81
account. This occurred several tim
and finally the butcher ceased to IN
fold the notes, knowing what they
contained.
'"The dog continued his visits more
or less frequently, and when the az
count went in there was kick from
its owner There was something like
ten pounds of sausages charged IL
the animal Its master said he hau
only given q dozen or so orders TO the
dog. He happened to be in the shoI
the next day when his dog came in
and dropped the usual piece of pa
per. Then it was found that Nero
noticing that the butcher didn't rear
the order had been picking up stray
pieces of paper, folding them, and
taking them to the shop, thereby as
suaging his sausage hunger"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Pure Bred Sire Is
Best for Breeding
Female Ancestry Should
Show High Records.

Future development of the herd"
says o. q. Reed, formerly of Kansas,
now with Michigan College of Agri.
culture, depends to great extent up
on the kind of sire used. with the herd ;.
1t has been said that the sire Is half
the herd and 1t Is fact that all future
cows In the herd carry so per cent OF
his breeding.
Inc herd sire should be pure bred
Of the breed he represents and be
backed by good ancestry. If possible
ne should be sire whose mother and
other close female ancestry have
shown high records Of production. A
yearly record is to be preferred to
one of shorter duration.
II 1t is not possible to know the rec
ord of production one should by ali
mems see the mother of the animal in
question and note how closely she con
forms to good dairy type. If the sires
ather has daughters that have proved
to be good producers he is more GER
taln to transmit the dairy qualities de-
sired. Very often it is possible to
guy an old sire that has proved to be
4 good breeder. Good results from the
use of such an animal are almost GER
tain. The objection to buying an old
bull is that he is high priced if his
value Is known and one runs the
chance of getting an unruly animal.
/ A bull calf Is usually selected. A calf
can be purchased for less money and
the owner can train him as he chooses.
. Too much attention cannot be given
to the selection of a sire, for future
success depends largely upon the head
Of the herd."-Kansas Bulletin No.
1877
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
=
Vessel Construction
Marcel of Ingenuity

eenf like that of the
eh met and survived
nlch the waves ran 100 feet
4s0in trough to crest. represents for
the layman an almost incredible tri-
umph of design, says the New York
Herald-Tribune. The unimaginable
fury of seas which could break over
a bridge 65 feet from the water-line,
which could rip away rails and life
boats food the rooms on the upper
decks by coming down upon them from
above, throw man through bulk
head and set the whole ship awash,
would seem to be thing which no
human construction could possibly live
through.
AS a matter of fact, every modern
steamship Is miracle, and almost all
of them are successful ones. The loss
Of a sound vessel in the open sea Is
of astonishingly rare occurrence, and
memory does not recall any Atlantic
passenger liner which has been de-
Stroyed in fair fight with the ocean
alone. A ship is attacked in two ways.
She must withstand the terrific pound
and crushing Of the water and of
.'r own weight. and she must be able
recover her balance no matter how
~ or violent the roll. Vessels have
rolled under in storms-some-
through faulty designs, some
trough the shifting of the cargo
= of rarest occurrence. More
~ founder through the weak
# the hull constructioR-their
.aas are opened or their backs
,roken. But that seldom happens to
~ ships; II seems never to happen
ruud ones.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Iona, the "Rlessed Isle"

Iona, one of the smaller of the In
ner Hebrides, was the Blessed Isle"
Of early Christian days In the British
Islands, says the Detroit News St
Columbia, noted Irish missionary. made
It the center of Celtic Christianity.
From there missionaries went out to
convert Scotland and northern Eng
land to Christianity. Kings we're
brought to be buried In the soil u the
sacred island. The Importance Of Iona
w&s ended, however, by the Danes who
swept Town about the beginning of
the Ninth century and seized the Heb
rides from the Scotch.
The islands were returned to Scot
lands overload in 1920. More than
500 islands make up the Hebrides
group, but only about 100 are inhsb-
tied
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Proof Mark Placed on
Weapons Made in Europe

Spanish and German firearms usual
" have, instead of the makers name,
seal, frequently Of gold. depicting
,haracters-animals and letters-from
which, IL possessed of list Of such
seals. one might determine the manu-
racture of the weapon, and hence Its
approximate date. English and French
gunmakers, however, If marking the
arm at all. did so by placing their
name and that of their town on the
lock-plate or barrel or on both.
The marks known az proof marks"
we're stamped on, usually by a govern
ment official. after he had tried out
and proven" the arm to be all right
AS rule the method Of proving" was
80 load the piece with several times
Its normal amount of powder and shot,
and then discharge the same. If it sur.
vlved the test 1t was considered
proven" satisfactorily.
Thus, as different marks were not
adopted until certain date, one may
ordinarily be assured that an arm bear
Ing them was not manufactured before
that date.-Detroit News.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Can Add Several Years
to Life of Peach Trees

Except that the soil should not be
too rich in nitrogen, the peach tree is
not very particular regarding the vari-
ETY. of soil in which it is to stand.
While the usual preference is for
sandy loan, some very good yielding
orchards stand in heavy clay, as well
as in the intermediate grades. Plenty
Of potash and lime are favorable ta
the peach and are really essential to
long life of the tree. Peach trees
seventy years old and still bearing fine
crops Of large peaches, are reported
as standing on limestone hill While
such an age is, Of course, quite excep-
tional, one may have bearing peach
trees of considerably greater age than
the II or Is years that is usually
thought to be about the limit of their
useful lives. A careful and intelligent
selection of the site for the trees, TO-
gether with the right kind Of care in
their cultivation, fertilization and
pruning is quite likely to add several
years to their lives over that which is
common to neglected trees.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
What Your Eyes Tell

e are told that the eyes Of the
Intellectual man are gray, and 1t lis q
fact that most men of genius have
r1y eyes. Brown eyes are said to
express temperament rather than In
elect.
Although brown eyes fash with an
light up with joy. and change
fly with jealousy, blue and gray
can express greater sadness.
'reen and black eyes are supposed
~ the most wicked. Becky Sharp's
zen eyes played an important part
Il her various conquests.
The "vamp" in modern fiction usual
possesses flashing eyes of either
ien or black. Actually, there are
black eyes; dark brown or dark
gray eyes have the appearance Of be-
ing black in certain lights
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
- :
Captive Orang-Utan
Shoyed Intelligence

An orang-utan named Dohong.
which was brought to the New YorE
900 from Borneo some years ago, as
tonished us by his intelligence, w. Rad
Blair writes in the American Maya
zine. A gas pipe four feet long and
two Inches in diameter was wired to
the bars at the front of his cage. The
pipe itself could not be tilted or moved.
Inside this pipe-in the very middle
a piece of banana was placed 20
hong, who was very fond of bananas,
tried to get it. First he attempted to
reach it with his hands, then his feet,
and failed. He tried to loosen the
pipe, but he couldn't do that. He was
very much disturbed over his inability
to get at that banana, and sat down
to think it over But no happy solu-
ton came to him-for the simple rea-
there wasn't any.
Finally, without Dohong's knowl
edge, stick two feet long with a hook
In the end of 1t was concealed in the
straw of his cage. Then Dohong was
put back in the cage and we waited
In the course of 15~minutes Dohong
accidentally came across the hooked
stick. 1t didn't mean anything to him
on the instant, but presently he was
struck by bright idea. He inserted
the hooked end of the stick into the
pipe, and, 10 out came the banana on
the hook! After that, when banana
was put inside the~N pipe, Dohone
wasted no time trying to reach it with
his hands, but began looking at once
for the hooked stick.
This seemed to me to indicate y
high order of intelligence.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
-gg Production Depends
Largely on Green Feeds

If you want to get the best results
from your hens this fall and winter,
provide them with plenty of green
food. Green food is essential to egg
production. is stimulant to the
fowls, and also possesses vitamins
that are essential to body health and
development
There are two ways of supplying
green food to the hen, says D. h Hall,
extension poultry husbandman at the
Clemson college. The first method is
by planting green food In the yard
and allowing the poultry access to It..
The second method Is by supplying
green food each day to the poultry
from another lot The first method
requires less labor and is less expen-
sive.
The best green feeds for poultry are !:
Rape, cabbage, collards, oats, rye; and
nearly any Of these can be planted in
the fall and will supply green food
for the winter.
Egg production depends to a large
extent on green food. Plant green
food now and have high priced eggs
this winter.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
~ -a.-e..
Producing Good
Crop of Clover
One of Big Causes of Failure
Is That Soils Have Be
come Acid or Sour.

A great many farmers are having
more and more difficulty in producing
a good clover crop One of the main
troubles is that the soils have been
cropped until they are acid or sour.
Since bacteria life does not thrive in
soils that are acid, the clovers will
not grow well.
Practically all soils tend to become
more or less sour or acid The decay
OF vegetable or organic matter pro-
duces acid. So soils rich in humus are
very apt to be acid. Plant roots, in the
process of growth, throw off acids that
remain in the SOIL Heavy, nonporous
soils that do not allow the entrance
OF fresh air are generally acid in ma
ture. So, practically all soils have
acid in them. However, sometimes the
natural lime in the soil is sufficient to
neutralize the effect of the acid.
Detecting Sour Soils.
Acid, or sour soils can be detected in
several ways. If clover and other
legumes fail to thrive or grow on them
it Is pretty fair sign of an acid soil.
If such weeds as sheep-sorrel, horse
tail rush, corn spurry and wood horse
tail thrive upon the land it is again
a pretty certain sign of acid or sour
soils.
However these two signs are not
definite enough. What we want is a
test based on chemical knowledge of
the reaction of the soil.
One of the most common of these
LIS the litmus paper test. 1t is mex
pensive and the litmus paper can be
obtained at most any drug store. Be
sure to get blue litmus paper.
Testing Surface Soils.
/ For testing the surface soil, thrust
spade to the bottom of the top soil
(that which is generally turned up by
the plow). Throw out a spade full or
two Of dirt, leaving smooth wall.
Shave off about half an inch of soil and
throw in a half bushel, or similar con-
tainer. Take several samples from
various parts of the field and mix them.
Take about pint of the mixed dirt
and Sift fine. This will give q very
good sample for the whole field. For
sub-soil simply remove the surface soil
and get your samples as before. Place
quantity of soil in contact with a
small piece of the blue litmus paper.
{ II turns red it is a sign of an acid
soil. Thousands of dollars are being
lost through acid soils. Every farmer
should take little time and test his
soil. Thousands Of dollars can be
saved by little time and money spent
in testing your soil
Lime is the certain remedy for acid
soils. For complete discussion of
the value of lime consult Bulletin No.
46, obtained from Purdue University,
Agricultural Department, Lafayette,
Ind
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16

IL In very important to remember,
says John Burroughs, the great natu-
ralist that the bee does not get honey
from the flowers 1t makes honey from
what 1t gets from the flowers. What
1t gets from the flowers Is nothing but
sweetened water. The bee gets its
sweet water. retires, thinks It over and
by private process makes its honey.
So many nature writers fail to profit
by the example Of the bee. They go
into the woods and come out again and
write about their experience-but they
don't give US honey. They don't retire
and subject what they find In the
woods to private process. They give
us just little sweet water, pretty
thoroughly diluted. I have tried for
many years not to give the world just
a bare record, but to flavor 1t with my
own personality.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Ducks Use of Winaa

Do ducks use their wings while
swimming under water? The question
is discussed frequently among sports
men and nature students, and opin-
ions sometimes differ. Testimony of
reliable authorities, says Popular Me-
chanics Magazine, supports the belief
that various species of ducks and
grebes, looms and other diving birds do
not use their wings when swimming
beneath the surface for food or ia
trying to escape capture. A rudy
duck was observed on Lake Michigan
not long ago, feeding in fifteen or twen-
ty feet Of clear water. AS 1t got well
started on Its downward plunge, the
wings, about two-thirds extended, were
used in quick, short strokes, at the
rate of about one second, to assist
in propelling 1t and In rising to the
top, as well.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Farn:1nIH-Htr'.'.

Many farmer could send his kids
to college on good dairy cows.
Farming becomes more interesting
as it becomes more intelligent.
Green feed. such as sprouted oats.
cabbage, turnips, beets and rape, are
necessary for the health of the pullets
A dozen horseshoes over the barn
door will not prevent the bad luck that
comes from winter neglect Of live
stock.
Make sure that the ensilage cutter
Is In good repair, so that there win
be no delay when 1t comes time for
using.
The more feed one can get into pig,
from two weeks of age on, the faster
they are going to gain, providing. OF
course, provision has been made To-
plenty of exercise.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Little Difference in
Fall and Spring Pips

The swine husbandry division of
the University farm, st. Paul, through
carefully conducted experiments, have
found that it takes a greater variety
of feeds to grow fall pigs successfully
than is necessary to grow spring pigs;
their explanation being that green
crops are not available for fall pigs.
However, fall pigs make as rapid
gains when well housed and handled
as do spring pigs. In the experiments
1t was found that the amount of feed
required to produce gains was prac-
tically the same for pigs narrowed at
the two different seasons. Cheaper
gains were made by fall pigs because
feed costs were lower in the winter
than summer. Fall pigs sell at
higher price than do spring pigs, not
on the quality of the pigs, however,
but from the fact that they usually
"hit" a more favorable market. The
overhead feed cost in maintaining
brood sows is greatly reduced by hav-
ing them raise two filters per year.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-01-16
Maloys Build Homes on
Posts to Foil Tixers

An American who had seen service
abroad as a consul tells of some in
teresting dwellings In the Orient. The
ordinary Malay house IL built on posts
from i've to seven feet high. but some
times safety measures add consider
able to the length Of the posts. this be-
ing particularly true Of tiger-infestsd
districts.
Az tigers have been known to leap
Is feet from the ground, lift Of 20
feet Is considered the safety limit for
prospective builders In such sections.
At best the Malay house Is frail and
fimsy structure Of sticks tied together
with rattan, matched with palm leaves
and walled with plated bamboo or
tree bark. Il Is, therefore, an easy
matter for a tiger 70 break Into .
house. Many tragedies, with hungry
tiger AZ the villain, have been record
ed. In one case whole family, with
the exception Of one man, was killed
He climbed to the roof and thus es-
capped the notice Of the tiger. but was
the horFifsd and helpless Witness 1t
NE cruel slaughter Of his rslatiHoA