davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1925-01-04
TEXTBOOK OF
NAVY RADIO
IS READY

The U. S. Naval Institute an
nounces that the sixth edition OF
"Robinson's Manual of Radio Tele-
graphy and Telephony is off the
press, and copies may be purchased
from the institute at Annapolis.
Maryland. The new book contains
900 pages OF information on modern
radio apparatus Of both practical
and theoretical interest
Modern scientific explanations of
the principle involved are de-
scribed in terms understandable to
the novice. and Illustrations T
used freely wherever the point OF
tho written matter is obscure.
The manual presents the subject
in three sections. the first OF which
? embraces general theory and de-
tailed description OF transmitting
and receiving Instruments, me sec
ond section being devoted to radio
measurements, and the third. to
useful information" Including ele-
mentary mathematics and laws and
regulations governing radio commu-
ntcatlon.
, 1925-01-04
FADING SIGNAL
is PUZZLE
TO FANS

Variations in signal strength. or
fading" generally occur at in
tervals during reception over dis
tances of one hundred miles or
more However, there are records
OF fading from citations less than
ten miles away. indicating that the
phenomenon IS caused by some
local condition. According to OBJ
servations taken by Greenleaf w.
Pickard, and reported to the In
stitute of Radio Engineers. there is
a gradual decrease in signal
strength from morning to night,
the former often having twice the
intensity of the afternoon signal.
Soon after sunset the signals reach
great volume, rising ste adily
minute after minute until those
from distant points assume the
strength OF locals.
During the night the signal fluct-
uations are much more marked
than during the same day. and a
low period is reached which is APP
proximately the same as the late
afternoon signal. There are times,
however, at night when the signal
often reaches a lower level than
at any time during the day.
Many explanations are offered as
to the cause OF fading, but none
seems to be entirely satisfactory.
We know that changes in signal
intensity accompany a certain
cloudy formation called "mackerel"
sky. and we have observed that
sometimes low signal a~udlbillty ac-
companies low temperatures, but
we are yet in the dark about the
phenomenon. Fading may occur
at one frequency and not in an
other. Two stations in Chicago
may be received at the same time
and one Will fade while the other
continues strongly.
, 1925-01-04
Fewer Distance Fans
in Great Britain

The distance fan is not as COM
mon among the English listeners
as among the Americans. This il
due largely TO the fact that the
majority of the outfits in England
arc crystal sets. There are. how
ever, a considerable number of
fans who are extremely interested
in receiving distant stations. and
the transatlantic tests were very
popular.
England. with twenty stations on
May /, 1924, has almost exactly
the same number of stations In pro-
portion TO its population as the
United States has with five hun
dred, It is pointed out. Eng
and's stations are more advan-
tageously located. however. assur-
ing the major portion OF the popu-
lation reception on crystal sets.
, 1925-01-04

tt1'N
A set using but one tube may
reach out as far as n which uses
n dozen. although this is not the
rule. Such a set must have n goou
wire on the roof for an aerial and
must be carefully operated. 1t re-
produces the programmes with
headphones and Is not powerful
enough to operate a horn or Iona
speaker. Such a set costs from Sl2
to $40. A set still simpler, which
is excellent for hearing local pro-
grammes, uses a crystal instead Of
a tube, and may be bought for Sc
or even less.
After the s~ingle-tube set comes
the one which employs one or two
tubes for audio-frequency amplifi-
cation. Such application can be
added to any one-tube set. Three
tubes used in this way, one for sne
first unit or detector, and two for
he amplifier, will operate a loud
speaker tuning in many stations
out OF town. Such a set costs from
$40 to $3.50 with accessories.
The %three-tube set will not reach
out much farther than the one-tnhe
receiver. In order to produce
greater volume for a loud speaker
and tune in o distant stations,
tubes must be added ahead of the
detector tube, and such amplifica
ton is called radio-frequency. The
common radio-frequency set uses
tive tubes. although soma good
ones employ but four tubes.
The radio-frequency sets usually
are simple to operate in spite OF
their size, using but two or three
dials for tuning in all stations.
Under favorable conditions, sucn
sets have received programmes
rom distant stations regularly
on the loud speaker. Such sets
cost between 500 and $500.
Radio-frequency is not considered
practical when the receiver has
more than five tubes, and so, to
make a more sensitive receiver. the
super-heterodyne principle is useu.
Such a set may employ from SIX 70
ten tubes or more, with only two
dials for tuning. There are other
adjustments TO make In the larger
sets. and they are more difficult %
tune than the smaller receivers
hey represent the utmost In multi
lube sets, and cost from 5000 to
$500.
, 1925-01-04

According to Edward NJ. Feeneyl
No. 173 Beach One Hundred and
Fifth street. Rockaway Beach, N
Y. he is having great success Win
the set. He says;
"since writing you about the
wonderful success OF my Filter
Tuner 1 have seen about ten other
sets made by other Filter Tuner
fans. They were all fine on vol
ume ana se%lectlvity. and crystal
clear. but many of them made with
hand-wound coils could scarcely
reach WEAF on 400 meters. One
Of the fans was getting poor re-
suits and I suggested that he get
low-loss %condensers to replace the
inferior type he was using. Then
it surely did pe%rcolate."
This letter points out a common
fault Of coils wound by hand. The
windlngs are not made tightly or
closely and the finished coil has
n inductiye value lower than that
specified.
Other conditions may be responsi-
Bile for the failure of the set to
reach the higher wave bands. Or
'dlnarily the Filter Tuner made &c
cording to the directions will tune
between $50 meters on the low
+side and about $50 meters on the
high side.e II It does not go above
4s2 meters, which is WEAF. there
is something wrong in the CON
densers or the coils. Quite likely
the trouble lies in the fixed CON
censor used In the filter circuit.
To test the capacity Of this con-
denser IS difficult for the non-tech-
meal fan, but by short circuitlng
this condenser with a piece Of wire
II can be instantly determined If It
is too low. When the condenser
u shorted the set should tune up TO
GEO meters, and II 1t does not the
trouble is elsewhere.
Many fans get the connections TO
the second filter coil reversed. This
coil, which is in the plato circuit,
will produce regeneration which
over way 1t is connected. but It will
decrease the wave length range OF
the set to a point around 400 meters
u It Is not connected correctly. Ere
Quently this Is the cause OF the
tr luble pointed out by Feeney. and
It is corrected by the simple *
pudient of taking off the lead going
10 the plate OF the acuum tube
and splicing Il to the "B" battery
lead coming from the phones, and
by connecting the phone lead 10 the
plate.
, 1925-01-04

Radio Conference for additional
power to overcome static and in,
crease ranges, but It does not APP
ply TO projected super-power sta.
dons Of % to sc XIV. Many in.
quiries for increases Of power have
been received, but no specific re-
quest for the erection OF a station
Of over 5000 watts has been filed.
In defining the policy the Com
merce Department states;
Licenses for the use. in broad
casting, of power up to 5000 watts
on a purely experimental basis will
be issued under the following con
ditions:
1. Experiments may be carried
on only after due notice to the
supervisor of radio of the district.
and must be at all times under the
control and regulation Of the sHper-
visor and the department.
2. Stations operating under e0-
perimental licenses may at the out
set use a power input to the an
tenna not exceeding 1900 watts.
, 1925-01-04
Untuned Primary Has
Many ADVANTAGES

The advantages of the untuned
primary over the old tuned primary
are many, the most prominent
being the elimination OF one or two
sets of antenna tuning tape, and
also the aerial tuning condenser,
and the fact that by the loose form
of coupling employed the variation
of n set using an untuned primary
is kept at a minimum, thereby pre-
venting squeals and whistles in
neighboring sets when the set is
oscillating.
The untuned OF periodic prim-
airy is a circuit which has no
natural period Of vibration, but
when inductively coupled with a
tuned circuit It is capable OF falling
into at whatever fire.
quency to which the tuned circuit
is adjusted.
, 1925-01-04
Current Flows When
Circuit Is Closed

The continuous conducting path
followed by an electric current is
called an electric circuit All cleo.
trio circuits must be comp sted or
closed before a current can flow.
The circuit consists of two main
branches, n comprising the
source of the current and the other
Of the external circuit through
which the current flows. II a
break occurs anywhere in the line
the circuit is said to be per.
, 1925-01-04
Detector Works Best
on Strong Signal

The d~etector is essentially a vol.
tage operated device. consequently
the greater voltage applied to the
deteetor the more efficiently It will
operate. For this reason. It Is ad-
visable TO amplify before detection
An application of ten times be
fore detection gives one hundred
times the response in the tele-
phones. This Is explained by the
fact that the detector operates on
the aquare law. On the same reas-
oning. a radio-frequency amplifi-
OF five times is equal to
an audio-frequenoy amplification Of
tw%enty-fiYe times.
, 1925-01-04
How to Boost Current

The parallel connection of cells
Is used when a greater amount OF
electricity than is available from
one cell is desired. The positive
terminals of all the cells are con-.
nected together and the negative
terminals are also connected. the
voltage remains the same. but the
current capacity is increased.
, 1925-01-04

some time to como, and that with.
out any great added expense. sta.
tons Will exchange programs with
each other, thoy predict. while tho
services OF the highest priced ar.
lists viii be available through broad.
casting their efforts direct from the
performance given iu theaters Of
concert halls.
Minor improvements huya been
, 1925-01-04
Regulates Voltage

A potentiometer is a device
which permits n lower voltage to
be obtained than that OF the source
OF the current. Its use in radio
receivers is principally in connec-
ton with the grid return voltage
regulation. 1t Is connected across
the "A" battery, and its movable
arm goes to the grid connection.
, 1925-01-04
Use Old Clips

When in need OF some good bind
ing posts with which to complete
your set go TO your stock OF worn.
out batteries-A. b or C-and ap.
propriate the terminal clips. These
come off easily hy bending. When
off, a little hole may be drilled
in n end, and the post fastened
by a screw in the usual way, or
else the post may be soldored in
place.
, 1925-01-04
How to Make Special
Soldering Copper

Soldering coppers for small spe-
cilaized work can be made to Butt
the conditions from number four
copper wire. A ~three-inch length
can have a hole drilled in one end
for the insertion of an iron handle
wire. and the ether end can be
sawed or filed TO the shape wanted.
For some work a wedge,shaped end
Is best. other kinds may require c
noint.
, 1925-01-04

wnor OF tho less s%electlve sets. and
may result in an Increased purchase
OF the more expensive outfits. II
high powered stations ure to be-
turned out in favor OF low powered
ones. ON the other hand. greater
distance VIII be covered. and the
N Of less effective sets Will be
compensated In the possible reduc-
ton in the cost-of the tube SETS
, 1925-01-04
Mistakes Alter
Wave Length
Loosely Wound Coils or Condensers
of Inferior Grade May Spoil
Design of New Set.

The wave length range of the Filter Tuner depends upon the con-
stants OF the coils and condensers. According to the specifications
OF the set, these constants are twenty-five turns for the primary. forty
for each OF the two filters and sixty turns for the secondary.
The filter variable condenser has a maximum capacity OF .0005
microfarads and the secondary variable condenser has n capacity OF
Ooo25, or a twentythree rnd an eleven plate condenser respectively.
The fixed condenser across the phones has a capacity of .o2 microfarads
and the fixed condenser in the filter circuit has a capacity of .o01.
, 1925-01-04

important national event must be
delivered TO local stations regular.
Is One principle OF long distance
transmitting f. super.power-send.
ng from II station with such
power that it will cover great areas.
The other is by re-broadcastlne.
Re-ZoninE Of Country.
Pcrhups the greatest piece Of
work in rs-pvtvntial Consequences,
, 1925-01-04
I~nsulator Has Charge

Every i~nsulator can be consi1
cred to be a fixed condenser with
the insulating solid as the dielectrio
and the metal fittings Of the insu-
later, or the wire connections, as
the plates Of the condenser.
, 1925-01-04
How to Select a
Receiving Set
Prices Fit All Pocketbooks and Every
Taste Is Reflected in Models
Offered for New Year.
ey PAUL MoelNNIs.

For the year 1925 there is an unusual amount OF good radio
receivers. each catering to some particular taste. and to make a wise
selection It is necessary to know what the various sets will do. Some
can be operated by a novice and others need delicate tuning for best
results. Some, like automobleA have mediocre machinery inside luxu-
rious cabinets, and others are designed to produce results without ap
In general the results o.be expected from areceiver depend upon
resemble electric lights. Bach tube should help 10 make the programme
, 1925-01-04
Pipe Cleaner Is Help

A pipe cleaner will enable you
to clean the dust from between tho
plates OF your variable condensers.
II this dust is allowed to accumu-
late, II will form a path for the
highfrequency radio current 90
leak across. This will cut down
the volume OF your set, and VIII
also make 1t less ~selectiYe.
, 1925-01-04

Station KDKA at East Pittsburgh
on a 100 meter wave length. and hy.
the General Electric company at
wGY. Schenectady. on 400 and 10
meters have met with successful
iong distance reception.
With international b~roadcasting'
In It's infancy. national broadcastihe
Is now assured and Will be IRE
quent on the premise thut every.
Evening star., 1925-07-06

ried a shower bouquet of pink gladioh.
Little Miss Kthryn Palmer Neal
niece of the bride, daintily attired In
white, was ring bearer.
The other attendants were Mrs.
Carl A. Broaddus, sister in law of the
bride, and her sisters, Miss Effie
Broaddus, Miss Eleanor Broaddus and
Miss Margaret Broaddus. They wore
gowns of peach-color crepe de chine
with silver trimmings. and carried
arm bouquets of cream color gladioIi
and blue delphinium.
The bridegroom had as his best
man the Rev. G.. Tyler Terrell. and
the groomsmen were Mr.. Oscar l..
Thorpe. Mr.. J. Sidnoe Phillips, Mr..
c. II. Crosby and Mr.. J. w. Kerr.
The ushers were Mr. Thomas ]
Bates, Mr.. Malcolm Burke. Mr.. Penn
Mcdonald and Mr.. r. F. Broaddus. jr.
Immediately after the ceremony
the Rev. and Mrs. Toombs left for a
motor "trip through the mountains OF
Virginia.
The brides going away gown was
an ensemble suit of green and tan
silk. with accessories to match. A
reception was given the bridal party
at the home of the brides parents on
the evening preceding the wedding.
Among those present from a dis.
tance were Mrs. r. Z. Neal. sister of
the bride: Mr.. John Covington. Mr..
Gilmore Austin of Newport News.
and Mr.. Robert w. Wheat of
Alexa ndria
Evening star., 1925-07-06

sung by Mr.. and Mrs. Bryan Father,
accompanied by Mr.. Roam Hartley,
pianist, and Mendelssohn's wedding
march, played by Mrs. Flather.
The bride was given in marriage
by her father and wore g. gown OF
white crepe de chine, trimmed with
Irish point lace and pearls. Her long
tulle veil was held in place by a
wreath Of orange blossoms and she
carried bride roses and lilies of the
valley.
Miss Evelyn Goddard was maid of
honor and was dressed in orchid crepe
de chine, with a picture hat to match,
and carried bouquet of orchid color
flowers. Miss Lorraine Goddard and
Mrs. Alma Goble were the bride s
other attendants and wore gowns of
peach color and crepe de chine, with
picture hats TO match, and carried
yellow and pink rosebuds. The bride $
mother was in tan crepe de chine and
the bridegroom imother in black
georgette crepe. The best man was
Mr.. Richard Shreve. brother of the
bride.
Immediately after a reception, Mr..
and Mrs. Simmons left on d honey
moon trip TO Atlantic City, the bride
wearing an ensemble suit of tan satin
back crepe, with a small tan hat.
After July 10 they will be at home
at 311 Kentucky avenue southeast.
The marriage of Miss Yetta Krup-
saw to Mr. Samuel p. Cohen took
place. Sunday, June 2S, at Harvey's
Hotel. Rabbi Silverstone officiated
and was assisted by the cantor of the
Ohev Sholom Congregation and Rev.
NJ. Goldman.
The bride wore a gown of white
taffeta, and was attended by Mrs. Sol
Cohen and Mrs. Jack krupsaw. The
bridegroom was attended by Mr.. Sol
Cohen and Mr.. Jack Krupsaw.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rees, Miss Florence
Rees and Mr.. Selditch of Philadelphia
and Mr.. Charles Rees. Mr.. Feldman OF
Omaha, Nebr.. and the brides sister
Mrs. j. J. Friedman from Omaha, were
ut-of-town guests.
Mr. and Mrs. Cohen spent THEN
honeymoon at Summer resort and
are now at home in Washington.
Mrs. Ada Lowry King of Jackson
Miss. with little Miss Sarah Buie
and W. NJ. Buie, ir., is visiting Miss
Evening star., 1925-07-06

Misses Mamie. Charlotte. Lena and
Margaret Miller.
Mrs. Ellen Spencer Mussey has re-
turned to Washington from a stay in
the mountains of Virginia of fort
night. Later in the month Mrs. Mus
sey will spend several weeks al New
port the guest of Mr.. and Mrs. James
G.. Wentz.
\ wedding of much interest took
place Tuesday afternoon at o'clock
at Upper King and Queen Baptist
Church. New Town, Va. when Miss
Susie Butler Broaddus, daughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. Manly Broaddus. became
the bride of the Rev. Thomas Ma
thaniel Tombes, pastor of Beale Me
mortal and Ephesus Baptist Churches.
The ceremony. which was witnessed
by a large gathering of friends and
relatives, was performed by Rev. Aus
| tin J. Arthur. pastor of the bride.
The altar was beautifully decorated
| with evergreens. potted plants and
cathedral candles. The wedding music
was rendered by Miss Annie Laurie
billiard. accompanied by Mrs. James
Rice on the violin.
McDowel's ITO Wild Rose" was
played softly during the. ceremony.
preceding which AT D1&ning" was
sung by Miss Virginia Wllen The
bride entered on the arm of her
father. who gave her in marriage.
She was attired in white georgette
trimmed in Irish lace, her veil Of
tulle was fastened with a wreath of
orange blossoms. and her flowers were
a shower bouquet of bride roses
The brides sister. Mrs. Oscar l..
! Thorpe. was matTon of honor. She
wore a gown Of powder blue char
meuse trimmed in sold lace. and car
Evening star., 1925-07-06
Miss Margaret Wilson GOes
To New York Summer Resort

Miss Margaret Wilson. daughter of
the late President Woodrow Wilson.
has gone 10 Briarcliff Lodge, n. Y.
for a vacation.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry White who
are in their Summer home. Elm
Court. at LenoX. Mass. for the sea
Mrs. James Abercrombie Burden and
Miss Shiela Burden, who viii he with
them through the week.
Miss Mildred Tytus was hostess at
dinner Saturday evening in the Sum
mer home Of her mother. Mrs. John
Stewart McLennan, Ashintully. at
Tyringham, Mass, and with her
guests later attended the Fourth of
July ball at Stockbridge.
Mrs. Robert r. Hit is at Hot
Springs for the season and was Joined
there for the holiday by her son,
Mr.. William F. r. Hit.
Former Senator and Mrs Chauncey
NJ. Depew were the guests of honor
at luncheon yesterday of Mrs. Henry
$. Redmond of New York. who en-.
tertained at Hot Springs. Va.
Gen. and Mrs. George Faber Dow
are with Mrs. Downey's brother. Mr..
Thomas B. Davis. for the season.
Mrs. Little, wife of Col. Louis Nc
Carty Little. has left Washington to
join Col. Little in China. He is the
senior commandant Of the various
legation guards in PekinG.
Miss Emily Chase is visiting Mrs.
Arthur Foraker in Spring Lake. y. j..
where Mr.. and Mrs. Foraker have
taken a cottage for the Summer Mr.
Foraker and Mrs. Foraker's brother.
Mr.. Charles p. Stone. ir.. are with
Mrs. Foraker and the children for a
few days.
Mr.. Edgar Hamilton Funk left
Washington yesterday for Newark
y. j., to visit his brother and sister
in-law for a week. From Newark Mr.
Funk will go TO Brunswick. y. j.. to
visit for some days.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. A. Councillor and
children have opened their cottage at
Maid Marion Hill. Sherwood Forest
Md, for the season.
Miss Lena Miller was hostess al a
surprise 500 shower June 30 in
honor of Miss Kathryn Love, for
whom she will be maid of honor at
her marriage to Mr.. Frank McPhaul.
July Z. The decorations for the show.
er were pink and blue. The guests
were Miss Kathryn Love. Mrs. Love,
Misses Carla and Freda Ocker-
shausen. Miss Frances Robinson, Miss
Mary Benfer, Miss Mae Cole. Miss
Louise Hoyberger, Misses Alice and
Jean Cruickshanks Miss Fitzwilliam
Mrs. J. Umhau, Mrs. +. WooIley. Mrs.
William Moore, Mrs. William Miller.
Mrs. J. J. Miller. Mrs. John Miller. and
Evening star., 1925-07-06
Simmens-Shreve Wedding
Home Event Last Week.

An interesting wedding to Southeast
Washington was that of Miss Florence
Shreve. daughter of Mr. and Mrs
Samuel r. Shreve, to Mr.. Frank
Simmons of Congress Heights, ID. C.,
which took place at the home of the
brides parents, 1856 South Carolina
avenue, Thursday morning, July ., at
10 O'Clock.
The ceremony was performed by the
Rev. Father Martin of Holy Comforter
Catholic Church in the presence of a
large number of relatives and friends
The decorations were palms and
gladioh. banked under A wedding bell,
and with other flowers used gener-
ously throughout the home.
The wedding music included %
Promise Me- and II Love You Truly, "
Evening star., 1925-07-06
Marriage Licenses.

Marriage licenses have been issued to the
following:
Willie Benthall and Emma Lewis
Lewis Fledman and Esther Wejnstein
both of Baltimore Md
Earnest I. To9mbs and Alice L. Rose
both OF RICHMOND. Va:
Edward CLANCY and Louise White
Lester Z. Welcher and Edythe NJ EzecheI
both Of New York City
Arthur j. Perkins and Ramona NJ Allen
Edward l.. Miffin. ir and AIva r. Roche
Evening star., 1925-07-06
Births Reported.

The following births have been reported To
the Health Department III the last - hours
Abbot p. and Augustine D. Mills. girl.
Joseph ". and Pearl May, boy
Josias II and lone Hawkins, boy
Harry Z. and Marguerite E. Reuwer boy
Thomas r. and Theodore !. Rees boy
Lyle f. and Cecilia H Hutchison girl
Ford o. and Lucy Rogers boy
lsadore and Helen Zeldin boy
The shocking thing about a heat
wave is its undertow of death.
Evening star., 1925-07-06

lawn fete will be given tomor-
row evening for the benefit OF st. An
drew's Episcopal Church on the lawn
of the church at New Hampshire ave-
nue. and street northwest Music
and solo dancing will be featu of
the entertainment.
Evening star., 1925-07-06

Mr.. and Mrs. l.. G. Sizer and daugh :
ter. Mary Eliza beth; Miss Lucille Col
lins and Mrs. w. Alden Wall were
recent guests at the Oaks on the
West River
Evening star., 1925-07-06

The Minister of Lithuania and Nine
BiZauskiene started at noon today TO
motor along the New Jersey coast and
will be absent about 10 days.
Evening star., 1925-07-06
Esthonia Minister and
Nine. Pin Sail for Canada.

The Minister of EsthOnia and Nine.
Piip went to New York last evening
and will sail today for Montreal
Canada. They will spend about 10
days there and return by water to
New York.