davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1925-10-10
CZECHS AND us.
REACH DEBT
AGREEMENT
Only a Week Of Farley Is
Required for ENJOYS
to Agree.

WASHINGTON, d. c., Oct. 10
P)-Within the short space of a
week after its arrival in this country,
the Czech SIovakian debt commission
has reached a funding agreement with
the American commission on Czecho-
Slovakia's debt to the United States
which places the total to be amortized
at $113,000,0OO.
The usual e. year settlement per-
iod is provided in the arrangement
by which the American government
is accepting that proposal as lump
sum basis, subject to the approval of
Congress has conceded a reduction Of
S2,679,O95 from the obligation. as
recorded on the treasury's book, This
reduction represents just about
$3.50 compromise on the difference
in the debt principal as calculated
by the two commissions, divergence
that presented apparently the only
difficulty in the negotiations.
AGREE ON INTEREST.
Having reached an accord on that
point, which delayed the negotiations
for some months, the question of
interest rates and amount Of annual
payments was readily agreed upon.
Interest accrued since the advances
were made is figured at 4 IL per
cent in the settlement formula, with
the lump sum figure then carrying
rate of three per cent from June
Is last TO June 10, 1885 and 3 1-2
per cent over the balance of the
81 year period.
To accommodate the fiscal position
of the Czecho-Slovakian government
the arrangement provides for the
payment. beginning next December.
of S3,000.00O annually on principal
and interest during the first is years.
After that the payments will amount
to something over S6.000,000. The
total to be paid in principal and in
terror extinguishing the debt. is fig
ured roundly at S30O,O00,OOO.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1925-10-10
RELATIVES TO HELP
SUZANNE CRAWFORD

CONTINUED From Page one)
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1925-10-10

Opening services in new First
and Taylor Sunday, October 18th.
Evening star., 1925-07-12

of radio, which is oscillation He had
pictured the pressure and magnetic
waves OF radio as an oscillating cir
cult, and from this brief description of
the condenser he could see that 1t was
natural aid to the oscillating circuit
Now | see why they use these lit
tie fiat fixed condensers in so many
places in radio sets" he said. "They
bypass the high-frequency current so
that it can get through some of the
apparatus without losing all the avail
able energy"
Fine l was forced to admit.
These bypass. or bridging. condens-
ers Of the fixed type are simply con.
nected across the terminals, or sides,
of various pieces of apparatus so that
the highly oscillating current can get
through the low-frequency units"
Cant these pieces of apparatus be
made to offer less resistance" Smith
asked.
1T isn't the actual resistance of the
apparatus or the wiring" l explained
1T is due to a sort of back pressure.
or counteraction, of the current. You'll
be calling it impedance some day"
The Bypass Condenser.
A typical use of a bypass condenser
is the practice of placing it across
InC ear pHOUo Sues, OF connections.
By across" l mean placing the con-
denser in parallel with the phones. If
Smith and l were electric units and
were connected In parallel, we would
face each other and join our out
stretched hands If we were con-
nected in series we would stretch out
our arms and just join two instead of
all four.
told him this mainly in prepara.
ton for something about variable con.
densers which I planned to discuss
with him later. I want Smith to get
so accustomed to thinking in terms of
radio that he will not have to stop to
think 1t out when he Is told to connect
something in parallel or in series.
| There was a time when he used to
stop and figure out the position of
| the gears on his car.
But you haven't told me what S
in one of these little fixed condensers, -
he finally said.
That's the simplest part about it, -
I answered. Various kinds are found
but If you'll just picture a number OF
| fiat metal sheets separated by a non
| conductor, which can even be an air
space, you've seen the whole works
1t isn't so much what a condenser is
as what 1t does"
Next week, No. 25: Twisting the
Dials.
Copyright 1925 by the Ullman Feature
Service)
Evening star., 1925-07-12
Radio Relay Girdles Globe.

Two successful round the world
relays of amateur radio messag
have just been completed with the
receipt by the American Radio Re
lay League headquarters of two mes
sages that had their start in Colum-
bus, Ohio, at station SGZ, operated
by L. @. Window
The first message from the Colum-
bus station, on 20 meters, was given
10 H. S. Nichols. owner of British
station 2CC, Stockfield -on Tyne, Eng
land. Mr.. Nichols passed it on to E.
j. Simmonds of Bucks. England.
From there the message was sent to
Charles d. Maciurcan of Sydney.
Australia. who in turn passed it on
to Robert L. Amsbury of Whittier,
Calf. Amsbury forwarded the mes
sage TO league headquarters.
Three days later Window started
his second message through the
ether, using the opposite direction
for this second test. Ivan O'Meara
of Gisbourne, New Zealand, owner of
station FAC, who took the message
from Columbus, Immediately passed
it on to French station 500. From
France il was passed TO England, TO
station 2NM. owned by Gerald Mar
cuse of Caterham.
A. w. Everest of Pittsfeld. Mass,
cooperating station 1ARE, received
the second relay from England and
passed 1t on to league headquarters.
Evening star., 1925-07-12
RADIO RELAY BODY
TO HOLD SESSION
Amateurs to Assemble in
Chicago in August for Third
National Convention.
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
CHICAGO. July 11.-Amateur radio
enthusiasts in great numbers from the
United States and Canada, and to
some extent from Europe and other
countries. will gather at the Edge
water Beach Hotel, in this city, August
Is 10 q to attend the third national
convention Of the American Radio
Relay League. Included in the at
tendance will be internationally noted
experts III all branches of radio and
amateurs who are experimenting with
this fascinating science in their own
homes.
The convention. the first in two
years, is being staged under the aus
pices of the Chicago Radio Traffic
Association, of which w. e. Schweit-
ger is president. II is planned TO have
papers and demonstrations on many
of the startling radio discoveries of
the past two years, such as photo
graphs and motion pictures by radio,
short-wave low-power transmission in
daylight and kindred developments.
Secretary Hoover to Attend.
Among the men prominent in the
radio world expected to attend the
convention are Secretary of Commerce
Herbert Hoover and c. Francis Jen-
kins of Washington, D. c., inventor
of radio photography and radio mo-
ton pictures.
work that Will be of great interest is
the altering of radio telegraphers in
t. traffic field. These operators.
uAose work makes possible nightly
talks between men on opposite sides
of the country, are to discuss better
ments in their messag age-handling work.
Important Results Expected.
Where radio communication in the
past, with the lower powered stations,
has been largely during hours of
darkness, the introduction Of short
wave work within recent months
promises many new developments.
The work of the traffic department of
the league IN assisting the Navy Mac
MILAN expedition by relaying mes
sages from Donald B. Macmillan to
the National Geographic Society will
by the time of the convention furnish
much food for discussion of the day
light work on short waves.
John L: Reinart. principal propo-
nent of the short-wage theories, is
operator of the Macmillan short-wave
station, and in consequence the find
ings of league members at this end
will be of great value TO radio science
in general.
So important is this gathering from
the governmental standpoint that pro-
visions are being made for the eXami-
nation of visiting operators who are
seeking licenses for transmitting sta
tions. This work will be in charge of
Supervisor of Radio Beane Of the
ninth radio district.
Railroads of the country are expect
ed to place this most important ma
tional gathering of radio men on the
preferred list, granting special fares
for those attending who are registered
in the prescribed manner.
Evening star., 1925-07-12
Simple Remedy for Fading.

Many radio fans report that sig
nails, particularly on the low wave
lengths. are subject to q great deal
of fading. When Station WRNY first
went on the air 1t had reports from
about five or six fans in and around
New York stating that the signals
faded badly. From other sources 1t
was reported that the signals came in
fine and there was no fading. Eyi-
IDENTIFY there was nothing wrong with
the station, but the trouble seemed
to be in. the receivers.
Just what was wrong was not clear.
The trouble, however. was all ex-
planned recently. H. Gernsback, edi-
tor OF Radio News, was operating a
4tube set from a 60-foot aerial at
his home. While listening TO WRNY
suddenly the signals faded out and II
was necessary to retune the set His
first thought was that something had
happened at the station, causing
the fading. Investigation, however,
proved that this was not the case.
The same thing happened the very
next hour, and as Mr.. Gernsback
chanced TO look out of the window
he noticed that the aerial lead-in was
swinging wildly in the wind. This
explained the trouble Immediately
The slack of the aerial, which had
7,
was taken in and the aerial made
taut. This, of course. affected the
tuning Of the set and ii had TO be re-
tuned. No trouble of fading has been
experienced since that time.
Several cases in the City of New
York were investigated and IL was
found that in every case the fading
on the lower waves was due solely
to swinging aerials or leadins. For
this reason it is suggested that more
attention be given aerials and that
they should be inspected once a
month and the slack should be taken
in. Mr.. Gernsback suggests the use
of two stiff spiral springs at each
end of the aerial. interposed between
the insulator and the wall support
This spring. which may be a stiff
brass spiral spring. which can be
bought at any hardware store for q
few cents, compensates for slack OF
! the aerial and does away with fading
and other bad effects on low wave
lengths.
Evening star., 1925-07-12
No. 81, The Condensers Condensed

In radio Smith has reached a point
where it is necessary now and again
to put on the brakes. He wants to
go too deeply into the theory of things
before becoming familiar with their
practical application.
1t reminds me of the way he once
fretted over what automotive en-
gineers call the "gyroscopic couple"
only to observe the front wheels of
automobiles in motion one day and
suddenly discover that the high
sounding term merely referred to the
peculiar f1ywheel action of a front
wheel.
The other day Smith was worried
over the real function of condenser,
and it was necessary to remind him
that he could not hope to grasp the
idea through explanation alone.
Certain things can be said about
condensers, however, that will serve
to clear up the mystery. So l launch
ed right into these in an effort to at
least condense that much Of the sub
ject.
First I reminded him that con-
densers are true storage spaces for
electricity, since one gets back from
a condenser just what one puts into
it. This, l explained, differed from an
electric storage battery in that the
latter does not return the same cur
rent that is put into it. The ingoing
current merely starts a chemical ac
ton. and when the battery is drawn
upon the current delivered is the re-
verse of the chemical action.
Why Condenser Is Essential.
This, of course, was clear enough to
Smith, but he did not see why a con-
denser would be essential to the radio
receiving set, for he had never seen
a condenser used as a supply of cur
rent Here it was necessary to re-
mind him that the aerial and ground
of a radio broadcasting station are the
plates of natural condenser, of which
the air between is the non-conducting
insulation, or dielectric, as it is called.
A big condenser like this, just like
miniature one, keeps on storing
static pressure until 1t is fully
charged. 1t discharges when the two
plates are connected and will even
discharge across gap If the connec-
tions from the plates are held near
each other. The condenser is then
Immediately charged in the opposite
direction and then discharged again.
It does this at surprisingly rapid
rate, within a fraction of a second.
until it is fully discharged, just as a
pendulum will swing slower and slow
err until it stops altogether.
Smith could then see that a con-
denser fits in with the whole scheme
Evening star., 1925-07-12

1905 am. and 1905 p.m.-Weather
reports.
Evening star., 1925-07-12
RADIO GOSSIP AND NEWS

WNP and WAP, radio stations on
the Bowdoin and Peary, ships of the
Navy Macmillan expedition to the Far
North, are sending home their daily
news of the work through the Amer
lean and Canadian stations of the
American Radio Relay League with
clocklike regularity. number of
amateur radio stations in both coun-
tries, as we'll as some in Europe,
have already heard these two sta
tions and several have carried on
conversations with John l.. ReinartZ,
operator of station WNP, the amateur
short-wave station with the expedi-
tion.
E. II. Coopet of Elmhurst Manor,
Long Island, was the first operator
to report the receipt of messages from
the expedition to the National Geo
graphic Society, the chief sponor OF
the trip. He reported that WAP,
the station for which he handled traf-
fc to the Navy Department and the
National Geographic Society. was
coming in clear, but that it's tone
swung considerably, indicating that
the Peary was rolling in the heavy
seas north of Nova Scotia. The 40
meter wave was used for the conVer-
sations.
Donald c. s. Comstock of East
Hartford, Conn, operating station
my, has been in communication with
Reinartz at wN.P in addition to pick
ing up reports from Denmark that
WNP had been heard in Copenhagen.
Comstock's station served as the re
lay point between Reinartz and Mrs,
ReinartZ at her home in South Man
chester, a few miles from East Hart
ford. Comstock received news dis
patches for the National Geographic
Society at the same time In carry
ing on the family conversations for
Mr.. and Mrs. Reinartz, Comstock re-
layed the messages from the Far
North by telephone and Immediately
returned Mrs. ReinartZ's reply to her
husband
Evening star., 1925-07-12
VERDICT SET ASIDE.
Court Annuls $S, 100 Judgment and
Grants New Trial

Justice Stafford of the District SUI
preme Court today set aside a verdict
of SS,I20 in favor of the late Gustav
Buchholz against the Thomas Cusack
Co. for the alleged destruction of GER
tain signs on the roadways leading
into Washington, which advertised his
hotel business. A new trial was
granted on the plea of the company
that the verdict was irregular. The
jury first reported a verdict of S10,750
which was in violation of the instruc-
tions of the court. and the Jurors were
sent back to reconsider. They re-
turned with a verdict for sS,120, but
raised the punitive damages from
1000, reported in the first verdict, to
$500.
Attorneys Frank j. Hogan, Edmund
Jones and Milton Strasburger appear
ed for the company, while Mr.. Buch-
holz was represented by Attorneys
Foster Woodard and H. F. Woodard
Evening star., 1925-07-12

writer and critic, in his "Footlight
and Lamplight' period at the New
York station Thursday night. The
contest closed Thursday, and since
then the judges have been wading
through a mass of manuscripts.
Judges of the contest are Mr.. Sayier.
Daley Paskman. director of WGBS.
and Charles ]. Herold OF Brentano's s
publishers, who will publish the best
play. The winner will receive a check
for SIS as payment of first royalties
for the broadcasting of the play be.
fore the microphone of WGBS.
Evening star., 1925-07-12
Local Radio Entertainment
Sunday, July II, 1925.

NAA-NavaI Radio Station, Radio, Va.
(434.5 Meters).
Evening star., 1925-07-12
WCAP-Chesapeake & Potomac Tel
ephone Co. 1855 Meters).

w NE1I u OHtSdpcdhe a OtOlildS ACl-
ephone Co. 1855 Meters).
II a.m.-Services from the First
Congregational Church. DIR. George
r. Stewart of Birmingham, Ala, will
preach the sermon.
p.m.-Outdoor service held at
Peace Cross, Washington Cathedral of
the Episcopal Church. Rev Arson
Phelps Stokes. canon of Washington,
will preach the sermon.
$40 TO 8:15 p.m.-Musical program
by 'RoXie and his gang" direct from
House of Parliament. Toronto, Can
ada; other portion of program from
Capitol Theater, New York City.
SIS to 9:15 p.m.-Goldman Band
concert, Edwin Franko Goldman, con-
ductor, direct from Hall of Fame, New
York University Campus; soloist,
Waino Kauppi, cornetist.
Early Program Monday.
645 TO 7:45 a.m.-Morning Setting
up" exercises by the. Metropolitan
Life Insurance Co, direct from the
Metropolitan Tower, / Madison ave-
nue., New York City.
Evening star., 1925-07-12
John Smith and His Radio
BY FREDERICK C. RUSSELL


have benefited thereby
Smith hos faculty finding
ftuLpnU him
Evening star., 1925-07-12
Early Program Monday.
WRC-Radio Corporation of America
1855 Meters).
Early Program Tomorrow.

8 TO 10 a.m.-Woman's hour, broad
cast Jointly with station WIZ from
New York.
y noon-Organ recital from the
First Congregational Church.
l .m.-Sidney Seidenman's Shore
ham Hotel Orchestra, broadcast from
the Shoreham Hotel.
Evening star., 1925-07-12

4yc PIaln Color BrOadCIOth
36-inch Yarn ~ o.
m er ceriZ e q VI Il M III
Broadcloth, in 49, ~
a wide assort IN
ment of bright 81 " " ~
lors; some
high-grade English prints in
the lot.
Evening star., 1925-07-12
New Tubes Not to Change Radio.

The new type OF radio tube which
has been designed to operate directly
from the lighting circuit OF homes
will not cause radical changes in the
radio world. according to Arthur H.
Lynch, editor of Radio Broadcast. who
has just completed a survey after
nationwide investigation of the situa-
ton which arose when the new type
tube was announced. The new tube,
he states, will never completely sup
plant the storage battery tube even
where electrical current is available.
owing to necessary changes in the
wiring of the sets and the cost of
the tubes.
The survey embodies the conClu
sions of more than 500 radio manu-
facturers, who were consulted in the
matter. and the findings in the tests
are corroborated by engineers of some
of the largest radio companies in the
United States. The survey was com
piled as an aid TO the radio industry
and the radio public, both of whom
had become alarmed over the pub
lished statements that the new A. G.
tubes would revolutioniZe radio and
render obsolete present-dag receivers.
"A tube TO operate directly from
the house lighting circuit is. of course,
a development TO be desired in the
radio art" said Mr.. Lynch in his
survey. In a recent editorial. Prof.
J. H. Morecroft, past president Of
the Institute of Radio Engineers,
pointed out the possibilities of an A. C.
tube. But before such a tube will
make a large impression on the radio
buying public 1t must of course per-
form as satisfactorily as a storage
battery tube and be as economical TO
operate. AS far as the radio indus
try is concerned there are countless
homes throughout the country where
electrical current is not available, and
even If IL were quiet tube operation,
which means quality reception in
radio, is more TO be desired than the
mere displacement OF a storage bat
terry.
Furthermore, we have operated
very successfully various types of
receivers equipped with storage bat
terry tubes but deriving the electrical
current from the house lighting cir
cult. This was made possible by the
employment of auxiliary devices which
can be installed in any set, and which
will shortly appear on the market.
Therefore. the radio public need have
no apprehension regarding the present
radio equipment, nor should any one
hesitate to buy, for the maximum en-
joyment Of radio is now available to
ALL
Evening star., 1925-07-12
Corroborates Harmonic Statement.

Corroborates Harmonic Statement.
f. B. Duvall, 3719 Rhode Island
avenue, Mount Rainier, Md, Atlantic
division manager of the American
Radio Relay League, wrote the radio
department of The Star yesterday to
corroborate the statement of Rufus
P. Turner, operator of station 3LF,
published in this column last Sun
day, to the effect that harmonics of
the big broadcasting stations are
causing interference.
"One of the most annoying stations,
which has a very strong group of
harmonics between rs and So meters,
Is WFBH. located in New York City"
Mr.. Duvall writes. II have copied
complete programs of this station on
a wave approximating rs meters"
Mr.. Duvall operates station 3DW.
To Announce Radio Drama Winner.
The winner in the radio drama con-
test which WGBS has been conduct
ing together with WIP and WGY
will be announced by Oliver Sayler,
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-12-18
COAL MINE

Mrs. Louise Brown and daughter
spent last Monday with Mr. and
Mrs. C. w. Windle.
Mrs. John Cleaver returned home
last Tuesday after spending the
past week with Mr. Arthur Mumaw
and family at Clary
Some of the folks from this sec
ton attended the night meeting at
Laurel Hill conducted by the Rev.
w. T. Dudley of Winchester
Mr.. Marshall Fauyer made bust
ness trip to NJ. T. Williams last Fri
day.
Charles Windle and family were
recent visitors of Mr.. and Mrs. ST.
mon Fauver.
The bay mare. Familiarity known
as Pet, owned by w. HI. Bowers was
found dead in the stall last Sunday
morning. a week ago. Death was
due to indigestion.
w. H. Bowers and family and Ray
mond and Bertha Sine and w. H.
Shaffer visited at the home of Mr.
Simon Fauver last Sunday
Miss Nellie Shaffer visited Miss
Julia Cleaver last Sunday
Rev. Hoge Smith has been con
Quoting night meetings at Mount
Hope the past week.
Mr. C. H. Windle butchered two
good hogs recently, their weight be
ing 353 and 1872.
Mrs. Lee Everly and daughter
| Thelma, have moved to Strasburg
We were sorry to see them go.
]. j. Keller visited friends neal
Carmel last Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Godlove wer,
recent business visitors in Stras
burg.
Mrs. Nellie Pingley spent Monda,
afternoon with Mrs. W. H. Bow
ers.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-12-18
HAMBURG

Farmers in this community have
about all completed the gathering
in of the corn.
Mr. and Mrs. viii Estep. Mrs G.
y. Bowers and Mrs. H. T. Painter
were in Harrisonburg las1 E~alay
on business.
Mrs. j. T. Eckard is spending this
week with friends and relatives
around Conicville.
Mrs. Lille Myers who underwent
an operation in the Harrisonburg
hospital a couple months ago is i'm
proving reasonably well.
Miss Gladys Glenn who had been
confined in the house for few
weeks with a deep cold is able to
be out again.
Our school is progressing nicely
under Mr.. A. A. Lutz. principal. Miss
Pauline Artz, and Miss Ora Dellinger
assistants.
The members of ST. Johns Sunday
School are rehearsing for their Xmas
service which will be rendered Xmas
eve December "a Everyone is vel
come.
Miss Clara Snowman who has en-
ployment in Harrisonburg spent the
week with her parents. Mr.. and Mrs.
A B. Snowman.
Many of the folks of this COM
munity attended court day Monday
Mrs. Edgar Hollar gave sur
prise birthday dinner Sunday in
honor of her husband and sister
Miss Anna Myers. A few of THEN
friends were present, all wishing
them many more happy birthdays.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-12-18
HARRISVILLE

The members of St. Johns congre-
cation are busy practicing for their
Christmas service.
Rev. Robb filled his appointment at
st. James Church Sunday and
preached an able sermon from the
text: Serve the Lord With Glad
ness"
Mr.. w. H. Sine is suffering with
a severe attack of neuritis.
Mr.. w. d. Dellinger killed two
hogs last week that netted 403 lbs.
and ASS lbs The two weighing sos
lbs.
His wife's parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Noah Polk and Mr.. George POLK and
two daughters came from Conicyille
to help Mr.. Dellinger to kill his big
hogs.