davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-09-13
HEATED CONTROVERSY is RAISED
BY INSCRIPTION FOR MONUMENT

The bronze tablet was TO have been
completed and placed on the Columbus
Monument some time before the end
of the present year; but, in view of
the controversy which has been start
ed on the subject, ii is a question, &C
cording to advices reaching here
whether action will not be delayed
until the whole point at issue is set
tied. 1t is believed that it may even
go so far as to involve an interchange
of views between the governments of
the United States and Panama.
Citizen Raises Issue.
After c. A. McIIvaine, executive sec
retary of the Governor of the Canal
Zone, had informed the knights of
Columbus committee, which was ia
voring the project, as to the status
of the plan and Of the text, TO be used
on the inscription, he received a COM
munication from a Colombian citizen
residing in Panama, in which the lat
ter declared that. while the idea of
the tablet is excellent" it would be a
historical mistake to say that it had
been given to the New World" add
ing: 1T was given TO Colombia and
this, ] believe, ought to be clearly un-
derstood by everybody" In reply Mr.
McIlvaine said. in part:
LAS the question Of the proprietor
ship of the statue is greatly involved
due to the secession of Panama from
the Republic of Colombia and the
grant to the United States by Panama
of sovereignty rights in the Canal
Zone, it has been thought best to word
the tablet as quoted in the letter to
which you refer. In stating that the
statue was a gift to the New World
the predominant thought of Empress
Eugene Is doubtless expressed.
Statue Has Interesting History.
This famous Columbus statue at
Colon. ordered by the French Empress
of an Italian sculptor and originally
intended to ornament square in Vera
Cruz. Mexico. but presented to Colon
bia through that country's Minister to
France, England, Holland and Italy.
and by some claimed to have been a
gift to him personally, later stood In
Evening star., 1925-09-13

the Canal Zone strip until removed to
the grounds of the Washington Hotel
in the port city at the Caribbean Sea
end of the Panama Canal.
The figure of Columbus is of heroic
size, in the attitude of protecting with
his right arm an Indian girl who
crouches by his side. With his left
hand he is making gesture of ap-
peal or eXpla anation. The countenance
is noble and benign, while the face of
the Indian maiden expresses wonder,
with a mixture of alarm.
1T is fairly certain" says a memo
randum prepared by the Canal Zone
officials. that Vela intended the In
dian maiden to be a symbol of Amer
lea or the New World discovered by
him and by him bequeathed to man
kind"
Started Wandering About.
Empress Eugenie's intention of Civ
ing the statue to Vera Cruz was aban-
doned, it is stated. presumably on ac-
count of the collapse of the French
venture in support of the ill-fated EN-
peror Maximilian. The statue was
then offered to Colombia. which order
ed it placed in the city of Colon, where
it is reported to have arrived in April
1870. Then it began it's wandering
career. 1t remained for some time in
the Panama Railroad freight house
according to the memorandum, and
was then erected on a site near the
freight house, opposite the Royal Mail
wharf.
For many years, according to a
French Chamber of Commerce report
published as supplement to De Les
seps bulletin on the interoceanic
canal, the statue remained more or
less submerged in the mud and with
out any exact site being determined
upon. 1t was then erected on a site
"at the extremity of the filled point
at the entrance of the new port of
Colon and of the interoceanic canal"
The monument remained at Cristo-
bal Point" says the American memo
randum, the site to which De Les
seps had removed 1t, until 1916, when
1t was pocketed between blank walls
by the construction of the new docks,
particularly Dock No. 10. 1t was then
moved a third time and re-erected in
the grounds of the Hotel Washington,
facing the sea and the Atlantic en-
trance TO the Canal
So, after having been moved about a
number of times during the past As
years, the question now arises to
haunt the shade of the great Christie
pher, as to whether his statue, a mar
BILE replica Of which stands in his ma
tive Genoa, was donated to the New
World which he discovered, or to the
City Of Colon, named in his honor.
Copyright. 1921
Evening star., 1925-09-13
House of Orange.

Evans Hubbard, secretary of the
d-America Foundation, made
a short visit to Holland recently to
discuss the plans of the foundation
and Edward Box regarding the found
ing of a "house of Orange" in New
York. The foundation intends to
have a big house on Fifth avenue
which ultimately will become the seat
of the foundation. the Dutch con-
sulate. the Netherlands Chamber of
Commerce, an exhibition hall for
Dutch produce, booking Office for
travellers, reading room and so on.
An old Dutch facade will be con-
structed. 1t is intended to inaugurate
the "house of Orange in 1925 on the
occasion Of the 300th anniversary Of
the foundation of New Amsterdam.
Evening star., 1925-09-13
BY E. G. MELFORD.

TIME roots of divorce lie deep
In human nature and the cure
OF the divorce evil involves a
Il major operation on the human
soul. That is the rather pes
simistic view of the so-called divorce
evil taken by a judge who has tried
many hundreds of divorce cases and
who does not believe in absolute di.
Vorce.
That is Justice John l.. Walsh OF
the New York Supreme Court. As I
saw him in his chambers. early in the
morning, he had just started the cleo
trio fans and opened the windows. He
impresses one as a kindly Judge, a
human judge. He is broad minded, for
knowing human frailties he judges
accordingly. l broached the subject
of divorce to him bluntly:
Q. What, in your opinion, is the
main cause of the considerable in
crease in divorces?
A. Lack of cooperation.
Q. What do you mean by that?
A. Married life is a game of so
so. There should be cooperation on
both sides. Both parties should real
ize that neither one can have his or
her way all the time. There must
be consideration for the other partner.
1t is lack of this cooperation which
/ believe is the basic cause of many
divorces. A married couple will not
realize that a house divided must fall.
There must be concord and love and
trust, as well as a heap of common
Evening star., 1925-09-13

the future. but the prediction that it will as
sumo paramount Importance in sea warfare,
will not be realized
That airplanes cannot occupy territory, nor
can they exercise control Of the sea.
Not Effective Overseas.
That airplanes cannot reach distant overseas
areas under their own power with any effective
military load and therefore, cannot operate
there extensively defensively until supplied
with weapons and fuel
That airplanes cannot fly the Atlantic
Ocean or the Pacific Ocean to any point on our
coasts or within our continental territory with
bombs heavy enough to do any serious damage.
That within a distance of 250 miles from their
bases carriers, airpanes may constitute
a serious threat to surface ships, land forces,
cities and Industrial centers for the reason that
they can transport to the above distance heavy
bombs of 1000 pounds in weight at present,
which may reach 1000 pounds in the future. To
answer such a threat anti-aircraft defense must
be provided and hostile carriers should not be
allowed TO approach within that distance of our
coast.
That the battleship of today while not invul-
nerabe to arplane attack, still possesses very
efficient structural protection. The battleship
Of the future can be designed to distrbu
ton of her armor decks and sides and
to interior subdivisions that she will not be
subject to fatal damage from the air. The ef-
feet of plunging longrang gun projectile hits
on ships deck has now become closely "a nalog-
Gus to the effect of hits by heavy aerial bombs
That airplanes have demonstrated their great
value to the fleet in scouting, observation and
bombing; aviation has taken its place as a n ee-
ment OF the fleet and cannot be separated from
Ii.
That separ ration of await from the Navy
and its incorporation in A separate department
of the Government would be most injurious to
the continued efficiency of the fleet in the per
formance OF its mission.
War Departments Angle.
The battle 10 being fought on the ba sis of
the foregoing stands Of the air people and the
Navy. The War Department steps in to give
1t third. but a weaker angle. The air people
have charged its general staff with minimizing
and refusing to give the airplane ''the proper
place at the head of the Army. About the only
battle the War Department and the air people
have. lies in united air force proposal or a
separate corps recommendation and the value
OF antiaircraft fire. Most of the airmens at.
tacks are directed at the Navy. The War De
partment has declared publicly il believes the
Air Service has more freedom than any other
branch Of the service. The only public contro-
versy Of specific nature that has been en-
gagged in. relates to sntfaircraft
Continued Third Page)
Evening star., 1925-09-13
Genius of American Mechanics
Displaces Coolie in Rice-Crowine

done by the most laborious of hand
work.
In the last few years progressive
farmers in North and South Carolina
have adopted this new technique. Es-
pecially in the badly eroded stretches
along the Catawba River, thousands
of acres have been delivered from the
ravages of the rains. Applied to the
millions of acres IN Appalachia which
are being washed away, this method
will conserve many hundred million
dollars worth Of top soil, and it will
convert what is now an Improbable
wilderness into q rich empire. Land
worth nothing today can in a few sea-
sons be trs snsformed into forage crop
acreage worth at least $50 per acre;
and, after 10 or Is years of tree plant
ing along the terrace ridges. this same
land. as had already been demon
strated in Virginia, yields a return
that makes II worth from SIS to 5000
per acre.
Studies Old World Terraces.
Prof. ]. Russell Smith, the economic
geoErapher at Columbia University,
has made a special study of the Old
World terrace methods and of these
new American ways. He has found
rough mountainsides in Corsica yield
ing nut crops as heavily as Illinois
bottom lands yield corn. He states
that a new dividend-paying country
about the size of France will be added
to the United States as soon as the
Appalachian region adopts generally
the tractorlbuilt terrace of the Lee
type and develops fast-growing hard
wood trees to plant on the land.
That oaks, walnuts and -hickories
can grow much faster than the com
mon run of them now do is quite az
certain as the improvements which
have been wrought in corn. wheat
apples and many other crops. Were
1t possible to increase, by select1vf
breeding, the rate of wood growth by
only 20 or Is per cent. this would
eventually add MANI millions Of del.
lars to our national wealth.
Evening star., 1925-09-13
Lime of Eggshell
Helps Build Chick

The limy shells of eggs are there
not only to protect the inside against
breakage and to prevent its drying up.
but also as a source of calcium for
the development of the embryo chick
according to the finds of a group of
German scientists, Drs. Plimmer
Aders and Lowndes, who analyzed
hatched,. halfhatched and unmatched
eggs. An unmatched hens egg
contains about .04 grams of cal
cium. and a freshly Matched chick
about five or six times as much. The
tough Skin" that incloses the yolk
and white absorbs more and more
calcium as Matching proceeds. and be-
comes quite Opaque by the time the
chick is ready to come out. The ex-
perime nters claim that the carbonic
acid and water given off during incu-
baton dissolyes the calcium of the
eggshell and makes il available for
use by the embryo.
Evening star., 1925-09-13
BY PROF. WALTER b. PITKIN,
Columbia University.

American mechanical genius is be-
ginning to revolutionize mountain
agriculture. In the last 20 years the
art of rice growing has been taken out
IF the hands of the Asiatics and adapt
ed to machine methods so successfully
that our high-priced workers now pro-
duce the crop as cheaply as the Scent
a-day\ Chinese coolie. But this is as
nothing compared with the changes
being wrought In the handling OF hill
sides down South.
For years the Appalachian slopes
have been washing away, with terrific
losses to the farmer. because men Of
western European stock applied the
tricks Of f1at-land farming to the
sleeps. They had never heard Of the
terraces and water holes which the
Corsican mountaineer. the Javan
farmer and the persistent Japanese
make to hold the rains and the rich
earth on slopes as sharp as a house
roof. When news of these methods
first came to- the American he was
unwilling to use them because of the
vast amount of heavy labor required
to build such dirt architecture. But,
after while, he began wondering
whether machines couldn't turn the
trick. And, surely enough. machines
would.
Retired Engineers Discovery.
A retired engineer, Lawrence Lee
of Leesburg, Va, seems to have been
the first to hit on way of using trac-
tors and a specially designed scraper
for such work. Even in the heaviest
thunderstorms of Summer hardly
drop of water runs off the so a res
which Mr.. Lee now has terraced and
planted as orchard. Some parts of
this tract have a pitch of about 40
degrees-which is quite as great as
most Of the remarkable mounta In side
terraces in the Philippines and Java.
where for centuries the banking of
soil and care of crops have all been
Evening star., 1925-09-13
Spain Enlists Germans.

Germans. as the world knows, make
good soldiers. The French, before the
World War, made considerable use of
them in the Foreign Legion. Now
Spain is following Frances example
According to a Berlin newspa per,
there had been. up to May l of this
year, LOO Germans in the Spanish
Foreign Legion. and of these 500 had
been killed or permanently disabled
by wounds or Illness. The same news
paper accuses the German consul in
Vigo. Spain. of acting as a recruiting
agent for the legion, and cites the
case of two German stowaways who.
taken before the consul in Vigo, were
told by him to choose between being
shipped home and signing up for five
years service IN the legion. They
chose the latter alternative,
Evening star., 1925-09-13
MORE CHILDREN URGED
AS REMEDY FOR DIVORCE
Judge Who Has Decided Many Cases
Declares Best Cures" Futile Until
Human Nature Changes.

Note-Thts Is the second of ttco ar
ttcles by Mr.. MeItord dealing tCith the
diUorce problem.
Evening star., 1925-09-13
i. S. DISLIKED In EUROPE
AS CAUSE OF ITS MISERY
Other Nations See America, Made Power
full by War, Defaulting Obligations and
Still Demanding Payment of Debts.
BY FRANK I'll. SIMONDS.

TT HE present almost universal
unpopularity of the United
States in Europe is one Of
Il the most striking. II not the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04

one side are the rank and file of the
British seamen. on the other the reac-
tionary union leaders headed by Have
lock Wilson allied to the ship owners.
A Clear Issue.
The issue is, shall the united front
Of labor takers and explioters be sue
cessfully whipped by the solidarity OF
the seamen, or shall the workers be
driven back into the stoke holes and
forecastles with SIS month slashed
on their already niggardly wages?
Fellow workers.! 1t needs no ex-
tended argument to prove that in
this struggle, the interests OF the men,
bership of NJ T. w. $40 are bound up
with those of the rank and file Of Brit
ish seamen. Nor does it need any
especial Qualification of the spirit and
letter Of the resolutions adopted by
the New Orleans conference to prove
that the M. 7. W. $40 stands shoulder
to shoulder with the British seamen
against the treachery OF Havelock
Wilson and company and the wage cut
of the bosses.
Time For Solidarity.
Already the White Star Line and
other British shipping is being tied up
by this so-calIed outlaw" strike. The
struggle is growing more fierce every
day The Marine Transport Workers
/. U. $40 of the l. w. w. can play
splendid and effecti7e role IN aiding
the British seamen. The Red Inter-
national Affiliation COMMITTEES there's
fore asks that you use every effort to
throw the moral and material sup
port of the M t. w. behind the Brit
ish seamen, who have actually been,
fired upon at Stepney by the labor
takers and whose strike is spreading
thruout the British empire to the sea-
men of Australasia. Help to defeat
the wage cut and break the united
front of takers and bosses with the
united front Of the toilers Of the seal
For solidarity in the class struggle,
~ Red International AffiIiation
Committee.
Harrison George, Chairman.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04
BERRY BOOSTED
OFFICIAL WHO
FIRED PRINTERS
"Majah" Claims Credit
for Appointment

Typographical Union No. is, may
become Interested in the struggle be-
tween Printing Pressmen's Union No.
3 and George L. Berry, In view of the
fact that Berry Is one Of the two
responsible for the appointment Of
George Il. Carter, as public printer, by
the late President Harding.
Carter was denounced in a resolu-
ton at the recent convention Of the
International Typographical Union
held In Kalamazoo, Michigan Among
the charges made against him are:
employing stool pigeons to spy on the
employees under his Jurisdiction; and
with being ineligible, incompetent and
tyrannical.
The resolution called on President
Coolidge to summarily discharge Car
ter. As public printer Carter refused
to deal with the officers Of the Wash
ington local of the l. T. U. After
making country wire quest for prin-
tiers he laid of 1877 without any just
liable cause.
One Scab Boosts Another
Carter was one of the principal
guests at the 1924 convention OF the
International Printing Freshmen and
Assistants Union. That Berry holds
this union hater in high esteem is
shown by the following speech made
by George L. Berry in introducing
Carter to the delegates at the CON
vention:
President Berry: We have with us
this morning a member of our organ
ization who holds the highest and
most important position in the United
States in so far as 1t has to do with
the conduct of the printing depart
ment. He is the director of the lar
gest printing establishment in the
Continued on Page p
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04
CHEAP TRICKS
OF CLOTH BOSS
AMySE PICKETS
Amalgamated Strikers
Determined to Win

Several now tricks Of the Interna-
tionaI Tailoring company aimed at In
tImidatIng the striking employees
quickly collapsed yesterday. A letter
typed on international stationery de-.
flying the AmaIgamatsd Clothing
Workers Union was withdrawn from
the windows Of the oonpany's build
Ing at s47 NJ. Jackson 5Iuvd., when
the strikers failed to take It seriously.
The company also posted another
fake Telegram" on the windows pur-
porting to be from New York, which
declared thai the company was Sc
curing strikebreakers for their struck
plant there This Telegram" was
also quickly withdrawn from the
window
The International has posted num-
erous varieties Of signs and posters on
their building. which serve to amuse
the pickets who are as vigilant as
ever in keeping away scabs. The
signs aid the strikers, for the check
erboard appearance Of the walls Of
the building show unemployed work
ers at once that strike is on.
A new sign, offering $1,000 reward
for the apprehension of "acid throw
ers." is now bedecking the building.
The international insists on attempt
ing to framelup the Amalgamated on
charges of lawlessness.
Meanwhile the strike meetings are
as enthusiastic as ever. The strikers
are determined that now that the busy
season is on. the they win strike un-
til the garmert bosses come to terms.
There was one further arrest. Tony
Galloti kelna tskan. OF the picket line
! by the nalice. loe was released on
! $4O0 baiIfchargsd with "disorderly
conduct"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04
| SEAMEN STOP SHIPPING
IN ALL PARTS OF The
WORLD; STRIKE SPREADS

ENGLAND-Ports Of London,
Southampton, Hull, Monmouth and
Swansea affected by strike Of sea-
men against wage cuts.
AUsTRALIA-strike which tied
up Sidney and Melbourne spreads to
Newcastle In New South Wales.
DENMARk-seamen and water
front workers go on strike, demand
ing wage increase, Stokers' Union
supports strike.
lNpIA-shlps at Ransoon, Burma
tied up by walkout Of East Indian
seamen.
JAPAN--Japanese crew Of Cana
dian liner Empress Of Russia takes
possession Of ship, demand wage in
crease.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04
R|FF|ANS DEAL
new DISASTER
TO SP AWARDS
Sink Transport, Drive
OFF Landing Force : /.

MADRID, Spain, Sept. 2-The at
tempt Of the Primo De Rivera govern
ment to land troops on the shores Of
Alhueemas Bay, North Africa, to fight
the Rlffians, has met with disaster.
The Rlffiians have sunk the transport
Espana Quinto, with one thousand
Spanish foreign legion troops aboard,
The Spanlards have been unable to
land an army in Morocco.
An acute situation prevails in
Spain. Marquis de Magaz, vice
president in the Spanish directorate,
has presented his resignation be-
cause Rivera insists on continuing
with the project to land troops, which
Magaz considers too perilous. The
opposition to the Rifian war is grow
ing among the workers.
The sunk transport had taken on
troops at Penon island, 1000 yards
OF shore, and was steaming full speed
ahead with other transports to debark
the troops on the mainland, when sew
eral Riffian shells plowed thru the en-
CINE room. The transport sank i'm
mediately and practically every one of
the soldiers aboard persisted.
The Spanish government has placed
strict censorship, on all news, fear
ing the effect on the workers. Repre-
sentatives Of foreign newspapers have
ben forbidden to enter the country.
The censor at Melilla has suppressed
all reports Of the correspondents.
The Spaniards have landed some
troops, which are being slaughtered by
Riffian machine gunners as the Spani-
ards attempt to climb the rock hill
side toward Adjir. the Riffian capital.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04

COOLIDGE PREPARING
TO BREAK ANTHRACITE
MINE STRIKE If NEEDED

sWAMPscoTT, Macs, Sept. r.
President Coolidge is prepared to
take firm hand" in the present
coal strike In event a public crisis
Is reached, II was Indicated here to-
day following a conference between
the executive and Senator James &.
Watson, republican Of Indiana.
The Indiana senator minated
that the president was mapping out
a decisive course for the admins
tration TO follow In event the inter-
ests Of "the public" are placed in
jeopardy.
For the time being, however, there
e nothing in the present situation
which calls for Intervention by
the government and II the strike is
Of az short duration as anticipated,
the present "hsnds Off. policy, will
prevail, Il was stated.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04
Senate to Decide.
Whether Brookhart
Wins Against Steck

SWAMPSCOTT, Mass, Sept. g.
The Iowa senatorial election contest
between Senator Smith w. Brook
hart, the incumbent and Dan F. Steck.
his democratic opponent last Novem-
Der is exceedingly close" and in all
probability will have to be settled by
the senate itself, it was stated here
by Senator James q. Watson, re-
publican of Indiana, chairman of the
senate committee on election con-
tests.
Complete returns of the recount
in Iowa were filed with Watson yes
terday in Washington. Because, he
said, the returns created a delicate
situation" Watson would not dis
close the final figures, but he said
the matter would go to the sub-com-
mittee, then the full committee and
then probably to the senate floor.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-09-04
NAVY, EAGER FOR WAR
PUBLICITY, TO SEND
3RD PLANE TO HAWAII

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 2-The
navy will send third seapIane, the
Boeing bomber No. t. from mere on
an attempted flight to Honolulu.
The government is concentrating
its efforts at war preparations on
the Pacific, and is endeavoring to
create sentiment for the further
fertilization Of the military base at
Hawaii. yase.4
No word has been heard Of the
missing plane No. I, which was
forced down a few hundred miles
from Hawaii. The other plane, No.
3, which tempted the flight, has
been towed into San Francisco.
The plane was forced down about
900 miles from its starting point.