davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Cause of Paralysis
Is Lack Of Mineral
Lime and Phosphates Are
Needed for Strong Bones.

Many hogs suffer from what is conn
monty called getting down behind"
Some scientists have for years been
saying that this paralysis of the hind
quarters in hogs is due to lack OF
mineral constituents In the feed. 9th
ers have held to the theory that it was
due to lack of vitamines in the ration,
resulting in weakening of the nerves.
On the other hand, many farmers be-
lieve that this trouble is due to Kidney
worms. Recently, however, the Ohio
experiment station has come to def
mite conclusion as a result Of num-
Der of experiments. This station
claims that the immediate cause or
posterior paralysis in hogs is lack OF
mineral matter in the ration.
Whenever a hog does not obtain
enough lime and phosphates In it's
ration to build strong bones or main
tain the bony structure already
formed, the lumbar vertebrae become
so weakened that they cannot sustain
the tension Of the powerful back
muscles. Thus some lumbar verte-
DldG dAC ~ QOICQ Va 0AOAbShCA NNNO~
the strain and bullying downward they
cause infringement upon the spinal
cord and paralysis Of the hind quar-
ters If taken In time, this condition
can be remedied by feeding more min
eral matter and by adding little
olive oil to the ration, olive oil being
rich In vitamine A. But this remedy
will give results. only If used inme-
diately after the paralytic condition
has been observed
Those who would avoid paralysis In
the hind quarters of hogs should see
to 1t that a good mineral mixture Is
supplied whenever the ration fed Is
deficient in mineral constituents. Hogs
that are fed farm-raised grains plus
all the tankage they care to eat 90
not stand in as much need of min
eral mixture as those that are not fed
tankage, yet in some cases the addi-
ton Of mineral to ration containing
tankage has given still better results
than when no additional minerals
we're supplied.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Better Live Stock and
Improved Feed Methods

In recent years various methods
have been developed for encouraging
the adoption of better live stock and
improved methods of handling and
feeding them. Five years ago the de-
partment started the better sires, bet
ter stock campaign and now there are
more than $4,000 farmers throughout
the country who have pledged them
selves to use nothing but pure bred
sires of any kind on their farms. Other
factors in present-day live stock i'm
provement are boys and girls clubs,
demonstrations, exhibits, ton-litter
clubs, thousand-pound calf clubs,
country-sire-sales plan, contrasting as
sociations, stallion registry, co-opera-
tive bull associations, ram rings, poul-
try improvement activities and various
other means. The United States De
partment Of Agriculture is active in
encouraging all of these various means
of Improvement.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
FARM MITES

Paint makes machinery last longer.
Good packing increases sales and
reduces losses.
On the farm as elsewhere, co-opera-
ton is safer than competition.
Uncle Alb says the worst resolutions
are the ones that are not kept.
Large beets furnish excellent green
food for poultry during the winter.
The right sort of farm manage
ment by the right sort of farmer real
ly does pay.
This year, as never before, farm
err with a program will be farmer
with a profit.
The first crop to be planted this
year should be crop Of new thoughts
about better farming.
Planting is next to orderliness, or
derliness is next to cleanliness, clean
liness-you know the rest.
Sweet clover improves the soil much
more rapidly than red clover, because
it has a greater root system which
penetrates the subsoil deeper than red
clover. The long roots loosen up the
subsoil and at the same time put
humus in 1t.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Bariun Carbonate Kills
Harmful Rats and Mice

According to Kansas State college
authorities, rats and mice in the
United States destroy $20O,00O0O0
worth Of food and property every year.
Rats are a menace to grain, poultry,
household property, human safety, and
human life They ruin all kinds Of
food, clothing, and other property.
Fires are started by matches gnawed
by rats. They carry disease.
Barium carbonate is a cheap and
effective control. 1t has no taste or
odor, and it acts slowly on the rats.
Rodents poisoned by it wander outside
of buildings to die. One bushel of
corn will buy enough barium carbo-
nate to rid a farm Of rats, and no
time and money is better spent than
that used in killing off these destruc-
tive and filthy pests.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Improvement in
All Industries
Campaign for Eradication
of tuberculosis Is Given
Credit for Stimulus.
prepared by the United States Department
A \


prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
The farmers Of Hillsdale county,
Mich. demonstrated their practical
foresight when in 1921 they decided to
rid the entire county Of bovine tuber-
culosis. 1t was the first county In the
country to be put on this free list, the
work being done in cooperation with
the United States Department of Agri-
culture and the Michigan College of Ag-
riculture. Instead of sinking into their
feather bed of laurels, the people of
this community have gone ahead with
other improvements, stimulated by the
good results Of their big venture in
disease eradication which has in
creased their returns from dairy prod
ucts and breeding stock.
Economic Benefits.
Once the county had been freed OF
tuberculosis in its cattle herds, the eco
nomic benefits were so satisfactory
that the farmers were stimulated to
search for other ways of increasing
the returns from their live stock
Next to the securing Of healthy stock,
the improvement in the quality OF the
animals appealed to them as being
logical step toward the realization or
a better live stock industry. AS a re-
suit there has been noticeable In
crease in the quality Of dairy stock
through the use of better blood and the
elimination of poor producers through
1cy
The most recent move, which may be
said to have had it's origin in the cam
paign against bovine tuberculosis, Is
determined effort to improve the poul-
try hocks by the eradication of the
same disease from feathered live stock
and by culling out the poor producers.
Increasing Returns.
The work of poultry Improvement
through these means was started the
past summer in one township by rep
resentative of the bureau of animal in
dustry, United States Department OF
Agriculture, and poultry expert from
the college of agriculture, the county
paying all their expenses except sal
aries. The culling of the first 40 flocks
revealed that the average farmer, IN
spite Of popular impression to the
contrary, was losing money on his
chickens. It was found that Of these
fiocks a little more than 40 per cent
had tuberculosis. This condition is
looked upon as plausible explanation
of The fact that % per cent of the hogs
shipped from the county are found to
have the disease, as hogs are particu-
larry susceptible to the avian type Of
tuberculosis.
At the same time that the prevalence
of tuberculosis was disclosed among
the poultry flocks, other conditions
were revealed which help to account
for the poor results obtained. Among
them are poor. stock or culls, improper
feeding, having pullets Matched too
late in the spring, and keeping old
birds. The conclusion has been reached
as result of this study of conditions
that it is advisable to keep the poultry
flock fenced in away from contact with
other live stock on the farm.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Ration Recommended for
Making of Winter Eggs

The following ration for winter egg
production recommended by the Mis-
souri, College of Agriculture, satisfies
the needs of the hens and is econom-
zeal and practical During the past
year it has been fed on number of
farms with good results: Scratch
grain-ten pounds Of shelled corn and
five pounds of dry threshed oats. Dry
mash-three pounds of wheat bran,
three pounds Of wheat shorts and one
and one-half pounds commercial meat
scrap.
Where milk is plentiful three gall
Ions of skim milk or buttermilk fur
nished each 100 hens daily will take
the place of meat scrap. Either milk
or some form of lean meat must be
supplied in every ration for success
fI1f winter egg production. CONNER
cial meat scrap can be obtained from
most feed dealers in 1O0-pound sacks.
One sack will supply protein needed
by 100 hens for more than two months.
Barley or feed wheat may be used in
stead Of oats. Cornmeal or ground
oats may be substituted for shorts in
the mash. Alfalfa meal or clover
leaves may take the place of the bran.
A good grade of tankage may be used
instead of the meat scrap. In feeding
this ration all grain should be fed in
deep straw to compel the birds to ex-
ercise. The mash should be fed in
self-feeding hoppers or troughs and a
supply kept before the birds. In adj
dition to this ration, hens should have
an abundance of water, a supply OF
green food and free access to sharp
git and crushed oyster shells or soft
limestone grit. With early Matched
pullets, housed comfortably, and fed
this ration, winter eggs are assured.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
PLANTS
GROWN FROM SEED

Shalr asparagus plants be raised by
the grower for transplanting to the
permanent bed or shall the one-year-
old roots be bought from reputable
seed concern? If new permanent
plantation is to be made this season,
One-year-old roots will have to be
bought, writes G.. 0. Randall, Univer-
sity of Illinois. While it is possible
to get good roots from commercial
concerns, it is better practice for
each grower to produce his own for
transplanting. When this practice is
carried out right, he is sure to get
strong, vigorous plants through pro-
duction on fertile soil and careful Sc
lection of only strong, sturdy, healthy
plants from the lot produced in the
seed bed
The first step in growing asparagus
roots for the permanent plantation is
to select a rich soil for the seed bed.
The seed should be planted in the
spring just as soon as the ground can
be worked. Thorough preparation of
the seed bed is necessary, to keep
down weeds.
The seed Is sown in drills Is to Is
inches apart for hand cultivation and
from 30 to SO inches apart for horse
cultivation, and should be covered
about an inch deep. termination of
the seeds may be fastened by soak
ing them in warm water the day be-
fore they are planted. After the
seedlings are established they should
be thinned to from three to four
inches apart in the row to insure an
ample feeding area for the root sys-
tenn of each plant. Frequent cultiva-
ton during the growing season is de-
sirable, especially when weeds are bad.
One-year-old roots are better than
two-year-old ones. Only the largest,
most vigorous roots should be saved
for transplanting to the permanent
bed The plants may be dug at the
end of the first growing season and
stored until time to plant, or they
may be left in the ground until plant
ing time
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
POULTRY
FATS
PRODUCE MORE EGGS
IN WINTER SEASON

"The Badger states winter egg pro-
duction can be increased very notice
ably per hen by carrying out GER
tain easily followed plans" says @. M.
johnson, superintendent of the Wis
consin College of Agriculture poultry
flOcks.
1--WE have discovered" AYERS john
son. ''that pullets must be separated
from the old hens to get the best pos
sible egg production. If this policy is
not carried out, the older hens will
keep the pullets from their feed and
boss them around so that they do not
have a chance to get full develop
ment"
BY letting the pullets run with the
older fowls, there is also great dan
ger of spreading diseases. This, too,
is fatal to egg production An under
developed pullet or one that is back
ward in her development should be
sold, continues the poultryman. These
pullets, as well as. cockerels that are
not to be kept for springs breeding,
do not as rule pay their board.
sSkim milk is one of the greatest
aids in egg production, and 1t should
be used to the limit" says johnson,
land each pullet should never be with
out plenty of milk, either sour or
sweet" Washing the dish thoroughly
each time before feeding is precau-
ton so as to guard from diseases.
When hens have all the milk they can
drink, very little water is needed. In
fact it is best, advises the poultryman
that pullets do nOl have water if they
have all the skim milk they can drink.
The milk will furnish them with wa
ter and at the same time the proteins
and minerals the pullets need.
Whole cabbages hung up in the
scratching pens will furnish fine green
feed, but other greenstuffs also serve
their purpose Many poultrymen make
the mistake of throwing large amounts
of green stuffs on the floor where 1t
gets moldy and dirty.
For the mash, which the pullets
should have access to at all times,
equal parts Of bran middlings, yellow
cornmeal oats and beef scraps or
tankage has given the best results. If
the chickens have all the milk they can
drink, the meat scraps and tankage
can be cut to One-half part.
"A dry, well ventilated hen house
free from mites and lice is important.
The litter in the scratch pens should
not be too deep at first as the pullets
do not know how to scratch deep, or
else will not. Yellow cracked corn is
as good scratch feed as one needs,
but one-third of any other wholesome
grain can also be added"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Age for Caponizing

Fowls Matched any time Of the year
make fine capons, but the best age for
the cockerels to be operated upon is
when they are from two to three
months old (not over six months) and
weigh not less than pound to a
pound and half. The size is equally
as important as the age. June, July,
August and September are the months
generally taken for caponizing, for the
reason that spring chickens arrive at
proper age and weight during these
months.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Keep Flock Healthy
Through Sanitation
Plan to Secure Eggs While
Prices Are High.

It is most important that the birds
be kept in health during the winter
months, not simply because we are
anxious to secure good production
while prices are high but also because
the condition of the birds now is going
to materially affect the results of the
breeding season next spring and tina
mortality for the whole coming year.
You have probably noticed how
quickly the birds quit scratching wher
the litter becomes heavy or dirty and
begin to spend much time sitting
about. This reduces their circulation,
makes them more subject to colds and
also slows up digestion and appetite.
Dust has been shown to irritate the
birds lungs and makes them more
subject to colds. Just how to keep
this dust down on dirt floors Is a prob
lem Oiling has been tried, but the oil
Is usually tracked onto the eggs, at
fecting their flavor and hatchability.
Several inches Of clean sand on the
packed dirt with straw above this
seems to be the best solution. Ashes
or cinders should not be put in the
house. The former makes an exceed
ingIy fine and caustic dust, the latter
are sharp and often result in injury
to the feet. The writer has not seen
patented litter which proved entire
ly satisfactory.
Most hen houses need much more
frequent disinfecting than they usual
" get to destroy accumulations Of bac-
terra causing roup and other con-
tagious diseases. A fine spray is SUI
perior to painting because 1t Is dark
cracks which need the application
most The floor and nests should be
thoroughly sprayed each time the lit
ter is removed. Sheep dips diluted a
pint to twelve quarts of water are sat
isfactory.-O. G. Krum, Poultry Spe-
cialist, Colorado Agricultural College.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Ohio Potatoes Produce
Higher Yields in 1924

Ohio certified seed potatoes produce
higher yields Cat least in Ohio) than
do the certified tubers from sister POI
tato-growing states, says N. w. Glines,
farm crops specialist at Ohio State
university. He bases his assertion on
results obtained at the Ohio expert
ment station at Wooster. Tests there
showed average yields Of 204 bushels
an acre for Ohio Russet Rurals. 218
bushels for Ohio White Rurals, lat
bushels for Wisconsin White Rurals,
ITO bushels for Michigan Russet Ru-
rails and 122 bushels for New York
White Rurals, the latter, however,
Only on the. basis Of one sample
The Ohio samples we're obtained by
securing a peck from each grower
whose seed was certified in 1923, this
being one Of the requirements for GER
tification
Mr. Glines reports an increasing in
terest throughout the state In certified
seed. In 1924 there were 800 bushels
Of Ohio White Rurals and $3.50 bushels
Of Ohio Russet Rurals certified for
seed.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Favor Oats Instead of
Middlings for Fattening'

Wheat middlings, which many farm
,ers buy to feed along with corn, tank
age and pasture in fattening pigs, will
be more expensive In the next few
months than it has been before, be-
cause of the decrease in our produc-
ton Of cereals.
Oats can be used to replace wheat
middlings to very good advantage, and
are really worth more when price is
considered, in making up fattening
ration for pigs. Tests made by the
experiment station at the University of.
Illinois show that one pound of good
oats is equal to one pound Of wheat
middlings in feeding value. r. J..
Liable informs us that middlings are
"A valuable supplementary feed and
many men feel they cannot get along
without them for pigs that have re-
Gently been weaned.
For growing pigs and as means
of economy, oats can very well be used
whole or ground and fed at the rate Of
one-half pound day for each pig as
supplement to corn and tankage.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Production Of
Tobacco Small
Reduction Is Attributed to
Decreased Paintings in
All Growing Sections.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
Production Of all types of tobacco
grown in the United States was smaller
last year than in 1923, reports the
United States Department Of Agricul-
ture. The total crop was 1,243,00O,0OO
pounds as compared with 1,515,0OO,OOO
pounds in 1923. The cigar types show
a cut of 24,OOO,OOO pounds, and the
types used for chewing, smoking, snuff,
and export show a reduction of 248,-
100000 pounds.
Decrease in Planting.
The reduced production is attributed
to decreased paintings in practically
all the important tobacco growing sec
tons, and by decreased yields in many
areas. The biggest decrease was in the
Bright or flue-cured tobacco portions
of Virginia and the Carolinas, where
production of what are known as the
Old Belt and New Belt type was 441,-
100000 pounds or 152,OOO,O0O pounds
less than last year.
OF these two fue-cured types, the
New Belt type showed the heaviest de-
cline, production being placed at about
220,O00,000 pounds as compared with
320,OOO,0OO pounds last year. The de-
partment points out, however, that
sales data In South Carolina are as yet
incomplete and the production figures
In that state may be raised several
million pounds.
BurIey Production.
Production Of Burley, which is the
most important single type Of tobacco,
was 81, 100000 pounds or 15,778,00O
pounds less than last year Production
Of One Sucker, air-cured type was I'M
der 31,OOOOOO pounds as compared
with 100000 last year. Decreased
acreage Of GAINESVILLE and Hopkins
vile types was partially Offset by a
somewhat better yield, production being
placed at 1O6,OO0OOO pounds as COM
pared with 96,OOO,OOO pounds in 1923.
Production Of Henderson type shows
q cut of % per cent, and Of the Padu-
cab type a reduction of 81 per cent.
Total production Of types used for
cigars was 1854 900 pounds as COM
pared with 1914, $4,000 pounds in 1923.
Production in the Connecticut valley
was 1882 900 pounds less than last
year. Pennsylvania shows an increase
OF approximately 100000 pounds, and
Wisconsin a decrease of 11,432, 900
pounds.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Soy Beans May Be Grown
to Improve Thin Soils

Oats are not considered a big money
crop but they do furnish variety as
feed, and they fit in the rotation pro-
gram, where some spring-sown crop is
called for Some farms where from
.one-quarter to one-third the acreage
was formerly given to oats are chang
Ing over to soy beans, and the system
seems to be meeting with wide favor.
Spring wheat may be utilized as nurse
for clovers, or clovers and grasses may
be sown during February or March on
fall-sown wheat. With this shift of
nurse crops soy beans may be profit
ably grown in greater areas, and may
be utilized in way that will give
maximum feeding value and at the
same time give some aid to our thinner
soils
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
FdrTnEIIi|,|tl''..

Use good clean seed for sowing the
lawn.
Sharp farmers never tolerate dull
tools.
Silage is summer feed the year
round.
A dairy barn doesn't need to be
costly to be clean.
Snow keeps bees warm, but don't
let ice form over the hives.
With a closed storage house the re-
pairing of farm machinery is more
tempting.
The prudent employer doesn't broad
cast all the time; he frequently puts
the receiver to his ear.
There is nothing in which God
asks so little of us and gives so much
as in the planting Of tree. Selected.
Prediction for 1925. 1t will be just
as profitable to keep down farm ex-
pense as to increase the gross income.
Soy beans are unexcelled for plant
ing in combination with corn for hog
or lamb pasture. They make heavy
yield of seed and their erect growth
prevents trampling by grazing anil
mails, so that the crop is eaten almost
completely.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19

results Of the analysis, and working
out with the farmers or owners de-
tailed plans for the improvement OF
the soil.
Cost is Kept Down.
Far-reaching as the results are, yet
getting them is the easiest part of
the job for the farmer. All he has
to do is to fill out an application
blank giving the location of his farm
and few remarks as to the charac-
ter of his farm. The cost to the
farmer for this service is remarkably
low. Where the tract to be surveyed
does not exceed 80 acres there is a
fee of $40, with an addition of ST for
each additional 40 acres.
Where five or more farmers in a
given locality apply for the work,
there is a charge to each individual
Of but So for the first 80 acres on
his farm, with an addition of 81 for
every 40 acres over that Thus the
farmer not only gets efficient service,
but he gets it at what is about the
minimum of cost. A legislative APP
preparation provides the rest of the
cost Of running these tests. These
tests are in every manner of truth
'sthe reply to the farmers S. O. s..
for help"
Advice Is Specific.
A sorting of the sheep and the goats
can readily be seen in the advice sent
out concerning each tract of land that
is surveyed. There are no generali-
cations that are practically meaning
less in these reports, as is evident in
the following:
81 would recommend that you use
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-02-19
Plan Of Line Breeding

Line breeding can be done by using
the same ancestry or blood lines with
careful selection that avoids the bad
effects of inbreeding. The shade OF
difference between fine breeding and
inbreeding is sometimes very faint.
Breeding the pullets Of mating back
to the sire, and one of the cockerels
back to the hen, is strict line breed
ing, which is often practiced to estab-
lish certain qualities in a strain.