Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-12-31

January 3 and DR.. Hans Luther be-
came chancellor, pledging himself to
maintain the republic and the Dawes
plan. The Monarchists and National
lists were strong in his cabinet. March
70 the first popular elections for Presi-
dent were held and resulted in no
candidate receiving a majority. The
Nationalists and several other groups
then made Field Marshal Won linden
burg their nominee, and at the sec
ond elections, held April 26, he was
elected. 1t was freely predicted that
this meant the early restoration of the
German empire, but the old soldier
took the pledge of loyalty to the re-
public and thereafter gave not the
slightest indication that he desired
return to mOnarchism.
In December the cabinet resigned
so that new ministry fully in favor
of the Locarno treaties might be
formed.
Benito Mussolini continued to rule
Italy with a firm hand, and the posi-
ton of the Fascist was strengthened
in the autumn by split in the OPP
position, the Maximalist Socialists
severing their Connection with the other
groups forming the Aventine bloc The
dictator began the year by taking
steps to suppress the opposition or
CARNATIONS and newspapers, and be-
fore the twelfth month was ended
the parliament had at his behest
passed number of laws, electoral
and otherwise, that made Fascismo
supreme and Mussolini's dictatorship
complete. In November the police
uncovered a plot to aSsassinate the
premier and overthrow the govern
ment, and one result of this was a
renewal of measures to suppress the
Freemasons.
Primo de Rivera, dictator of Spain.
caused some surprise in December
by announcing that the time to end
the military dictatorship had come.
He formed civilian cabinet, retain
ing the position of premier. On the
whole the rule of the directory seemed
try. In Portugal cabinet crises, small
military revolts and Communist up
risings were rather frequent. Belgium
experienced several changes of min
istries, and so did Poland, where
Skrzynski came into power in Novem-
Der.
General Pangalos led a successful
military and naval coup d'etat
in Greece in June and the govern
ment was upset without bIoodshed
Pangalos thereupon became premier.
In September he dissolved the nation
al assembly and ordered new cleo
tions.
Soviet Russia did not gain the con-
fidence of the other powers to any
great extent. for the diplomatic eff
forts OF her rulers in that line were
offset by the continuance of bolshe-
visit propaganda abroad. Having failed
to entice the proletariat of western
Europe, they turned their attention
especially to Japan and China. At
home their chief concern was the
state of mind of the Russian peasant
ry. which was so dissatisfied that re-
volt was in the air. AS usual, there
were crop failures in various districts
and famine conditions were predicted,
despite which the government ex-
ported wheat for political purposes.
To foster industries and attract
foreign capital the Soviet government
took steps during the year which led
1t farther and farther away from its
Communist ideals. Industrial plants
were returned to their former owners
under lease and private capitalists
were permitted to enter trade. Graft
in government circles was sternly
suppressed, on one occasion 12> Off
Gals being sentenced to death for
this crime.
Egypt got into trouble with Great
Britain when a group of radicals MUIR
dered Sir Lee Stack, the sirdar. The
British exacted the death penalty for
the assasSins and compelled the
Egyptian government to yield certain
concessions that frightened the British
grip on the disputed Sudan territory.
Ahmad Mira, the young shah of
Persia, enjoyed life SO much in Paris
that he refused to return to his coun-
try, so on October 81 the parliament
deposed him and put an end to his
dynasty. Ria Khan, the premier who
once was a common soldier, assumed
the throne as King Pahlavi. A. c..
Millspaugh, American, is still admin
istrator general of the finances of
Persia, having made an excellent rec
ord for the year.
Conditions in Arabia were unsettled
during the year, owing to the inter-
mittent warfare between Ali, king Of
the Hedjaz. and Ibn Saud. king Of
Nejd and leader of the Wahabis. Ibn
captured Mecca, but was defeated by
Ali at Jeddah
Captain Amundsen made a spectac-
ular attempt to fly over the North pole
hopping off from Spitzbergen with two
planes on May 81 The expedition
succeeded in getting within 80 miles
of the pole but was forced to descend
and lost one of the planes After
great hardships the intrepid explorers
returned to Spitzbergen on June IS.
Latin America had a comparative
ly uneventful year, which means there
were fewer revolutions than usual.
On January % the navy junta govern
ment of Chile was overthrown by army
officers and few days later the army
.f,,1