davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
DEFENSE IS
HARD HIT BY
OWN WITNESS
Grove Bring Damaging Ad-
missions From Doctor in
Shepherd Trial

fled with the trend of the cross eX-
animation of his chief witness. Will
liam Stewart. chief Of counsel for
William Darling Shepherd, forced an
afternoon session of court today. he
did not want to let the jury to have
until Monday to study over the re
plies that DR.. Frederic o. Tooney,
head of the Chicago health depart
ment laboratory, had made to ques
tons asked by Robert E. Grove,
prosecutor.
Upon direct examination Dr.. Too
ney testified emphatically that
Charles G.. Faiman. chief witness
against Shepherd, could not have OBJ
tanned typhoid germs in the manner
he stated, and that the probability
was that germs Faiman said they
handled would have been dead before
Shepherd could have used them in
the alleged murder of his million
aire foster son.
Under driving attack by prose
cutor Grove DR.. Tooney admitted
not be given out would stand be-
an irresponsible employee, and that
HIS ucpdf llIIcHV Iiou pioPhS w ~
germs for the last 80 years and
could continue to do so for 30 more
Grove accused he witness of hedg
ing in his responses to interroga-
lions and asked him if he had any
interest in the trial.
That maneuver of the attorney
came just five minutes before the
time of the usual adjournment. DR.
Tooney admitted that after news
papers published the confession Of
Faiman, in which he had said he OBJ
tanned from the city Laboratories
three test tubes of germs. which ne
passed on to Shepherd, that inves
LEGATIONS of possible leaks at tbs
laboratory were made by DR.. Herman
Bundsen. head of the city health de
partment, and DR.. Tooney.
The Doctor also admitted that h
| understood that Faiman's school hat
been licensed by Dr.. Bundsen t.
conduct a hospital, a fact which
would have influenced him in hand
ing out germs from the laboratory.
Judge Thomas j. Lynch was no
enthusiastic over holding court thu
afternoon when the attorneys gath
cred about his bench and argued.
Prosecutor Grove maintained tina
previously during the trial, cour
had not been held for completion o
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
ny UAAKON II. HAMMER

Copyright, 1925, NEA Service, lnc.)
While the silent. desolate reache;
about the north pole, where frozen
night extends to the bleak limits OF
the arctic horizon, held the secret
of Raold kmundsens fate we'll hid
den, there was one secret the arctic
could not hide.
And that is the story Of Amund-
sens romance.
In a worn leather wallet, carried
always over his heart, is picture
of a voman-THE CONTEMPLATING
a rose
Amundsen came back and this
woman expects to become his bride.
The two agreed, this year, that
the last supreme effort, the flight
to the north pole, was his first duty.
Afterward would come peace and
happiness.
So he went north, bearing the pic
ture with him.
Amundsen is SIS. When we used
to ask him why he was bachelor
he would reply that he had never had
time to get married. And that was
the truth.
To please his mother, he began
his career as a medical student. Aft
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20

system is to use the material easiest
to get, and thus save expense. For
example, if were building home
in Portland, Ore.,'I would probably
build it of lumber; in Reading, Pa,
I'd most likely build it of brick.
Comfortable Living Room
as to the interior
"The living room should be the
most used room in the house. That
means it should be large enough to
be perfectly comfortablc-and it
should LOOK comfortable. When Won
walk into it, you should have the
feeling that you want TO stay there.
"The other rooms are just as I'M
portant in their way, but they are
not occupied as much. They should
be laid out, therefore. more with a
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20

view to efficiency than anything else.
"a very popular system now is to
build combination living and din
ing room, one end of which can be
partially screened off during meal
times and thrown open during the
rest of the day.
"The kitchen need not be large, but
it should be most carefully planned
1t is the woman's workshop. and II
should lack nothing TO make it light,
cheerful and convenient.
; "A dining alcove is most desirable
and will save many steps.
"The bedrooms can be fairly small.
That won't interfere with their COM
fort The main thing is to have them
we'll northumberland plenty of closet
room"
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
CUBAN DIGGERS UNCOVER
RELICS OF BYGONE DAYS

HAVANA, June 2o.-R'-Relics OF
Cuba's past are being constantly
brought to light through exploration
or preparation for new buildings.
In Maceo Park, now near the center
of the city but years ago some dis
lance from the city walls. workmen
uncovered a store of hand grenades
and war material believed to have
been buried about the time of the ten
wears war in the COS.
Repairs to the old Santa Clara
Convent, completed in 1913, brought
discovery Of secret tunnel which
led to a catacomb in which more than
one hundred skeletons were discov-
cred.
Near Majagua farmer discov-
cred lump of wax in a hollow tree.
He cut it open and found inside re-
volver perfectly preserved, gold
mounted and carved. It was of a
model popular in the United States
about 1865, and was of the obsolete
SO calibre cap and ball type.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
MARKET NEWS
Wire Markets BY
Associated Press
WHEAT AGAIN
ON UP GRADE
Report of Black Rust Lead
to Price Boost

Chicago, June 2O.-(P)-Influenced
by chance that spring wheat will fail
to reach maturity without serious
impairment from black rust or other
causes, wheat today made an early
fresh advance. Profit taking sales
led to only temporary setbacks.
Furthermore, Liverpool quotations
showing that United States wheat
value is at present on domestic
basis. had but little, if any, immedi-
ate effect. Chicago opening figures
&c lower to 1c higher, July $l.56A
to $1.561s and September $1.55s to
c1.551a were followed by moderate
general downturn and then by rise
to s1.57as for July and $1.56b for
September
Speculative selling brought de-
cline in wheat today during the last
hour. To large extent the selling
was based on the fact that the mar
ket showed a bulge of &c, from the
low point of the week. Closed
heavy 7-8 to Sac net lower, largely
s1.55 to $1.55 1-2 and September $l.53
IL to 3d.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20

Copyright, 1925, NEA Service, Inc}
Washingt on. June 20--If you are
planning on building a home, your
Uncle Sam can tell you lot about it,.
Under Secretary Hoover's direction,
the Department of Commerce has
made an intensive study Of home
building problems, and here's what
DR.. John M. Cries, Hoover's expert,
has to say to those who aspire to
build home:
Don't count on building a home for
much less than $1,000 room.
Don't economic on the main struc-
ture-it's apt to prove expensive.
Additions and improvements cans be
added later.
Don't worry too much about what
material to use-any material is good
if the house is well built.
Need Six Rooms
"The average family of four or
five needs at least six room house,
says DR.. Cries. "There must be a
living room, dining room, Kitchen,
bedrooms.
i ueSc are tne HeCeSS
you'll have a hard time building a
home including them for less than
$4,000. Chances are you'll pay more
One thousand dollars room is g
very conservative estimate.
Besides the necessities, many
prospective home builders demand
certain luxuries-freplaces shower
baths, porches, sleeping porches
downstairs Mushrooms, partitioned
| Easements.
"For those who want them, these
| Injuries may be actual necessities. a:
| the prospective builders would never
be satisfied without them.
"But don't forget these cost money
1t resolves itself into a question OF
what you can afford to spend, ant
over and above that, what you. are
willing to give up.
| at is foolish to economic on the
basic structure. For example, the
sides of house may be made Of
sheating, nailed right to the studs
but the money saved in this way vii
be more than burned up by the Goa
bill.
"After a house is built. it is rela
lively easy to add porch or put il
a shower bath, but it is an expensive
proposition to rip out walls for Rir
ing and plumbing or repair an inse
cure foundation.
Gas to material, the most practica
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
NOTICE OF SALE OF Personal
PROPERTY

WHEREAS Amos Galloway. owner
of the automobile hereinafter des-
cribed, did on or about the goth day
of May, 1926, deliver Model FA5.
1918, Chevrolet touring car. Serial
No. 1882 to S. T.. Wagner, an auto
mobile mechanic with an established
place of business In Bismarck. N. d.,
for the purpose of having same
altered and repaired, and Whereas
said S. E. Wagner has altered and
repaired said automobile as re-
quested. and there is now due and
owing on account Of same the sum
of $500, no part of which has been
paid, and said S. e. Wagner claims
a lien on said automobile for such
charges. NOW. therefore. Notice Is
hereby given that 1 will sell said
automobile to. satisfy said sum of
$500 at the front door of the Court
house in Bismarck. N. OAK, on Sat
ucday, June 9th, 1926, at tho hour
o.. two o'clock r. NJ.
.,ta.. S. E. WAGNER,
Owner Of said lien.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
Chicago LIVESTOCK

Chicago. June 2O.-Cattle 500, COM
pared with week ago. Fed steers and
yearlings grading good or better DC
higher; lower grade steady to ,25c;
extreme top steers Sl1.35.
Hogs 5000 fairly active on fresh
receipts, generally to 10c higher
than Friday; bulk desirable 200 to
27O pound averages, $500 to $l2.25.
Sheep 5000, compared week ago;
fat lambs and yearlings steady to
25c higher; top native bulks SIG.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
MINNEAPOLIS GRAIN

Wheat receipts 1853 cars compared
with 1879 cars year ago.
Cash No. northern $l.57 7-s to
S1.63 3-S.
No. l dark northern spring; choice
to fancy S1.69 3-8 20 $1I9 3-8; good
to choice S1.63 3-8 to $1.68 38; or
binary to good $1.58 3-S to $1.62 3-8.
No. hard spring $1.59 3-8 to $l.75
3-s.
No. dark Montana on track $l.5s
3-8 to $1.73 3-S.
July $1.55 3-8.
Sept $3.50 1-8.
Corn No. 2 yellow s1.04 IA to
$1.05 liz.
Oats No. 2 white AS So to .46 1-8.
Barley 10 to .85.
Rye No. 2 $1.03 3-8 to '$1.04 3-8.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
GEISHAS BOB HAIR

Tokyo-Bobbed hair is increasing
in Japan. The bobbed- haired geisha
girls have formed society to which
only those with shorn tresses may
be admitted.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
CHICAGO PRODUCE

Chicago, June 20.-P)-Poultry
alive lower. fowls 211s to SIC; broil-
ers. &c to Csc; roosters, 13c; turkeys
zoe; ducks, Is to Csc; geese, IL to
q.
Butter higher. receipts 1892 tubs,
creamery extras, 421a to 42Ac;
standards, 42A; extra firsts. 40 to
Ale; firsts, 38 to SOC; seconds, 35 to
371ac.
Eggs higher, receipts. 1851 cases:
firsts, 80 to 39Ac; ordinary firsts,
2sc; storage packed extras. 3lAc;
firstS, 31'c.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20

cross examination of witness and
that a precedent need not be set at
this time.
Stewart won his argument, how
ever, and court recessed until :
o'clock
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
the Kiwanis club meeting Monday
night and the Rotary club meeting
Wednesday noon.
FOR LAZY PEOPLE

London.-An electric eraser, weigh
ing two pounds. has been invented
for the use of architects, sketch ar
lists and others who use erasers
lot.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1925-06-20
MINNEAPOLIS FLOUR

Minneapolis, June 20.-R-Flour
unchanged to 1Oc higher in carload
lots. Family patents quoted at $3.50
to 1885 a barrel in SO pound cotton
sacks. shipment 34,77l barrels. Bran
% cents
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16
Musical Instruments

ADLER-organ in very satisfactory condi-
 tion. Convenient terms, If desired.
 Wonderful bargain. Henry Morans, S65 Nal, strpet
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

NOW IS THE. TIME
 TO BUY A GOOD USED CAR Ws have \ number of good values. 3--issl Roadsters. i--lssi Tudor.
 l--isz3 Columbia touring, s-1s.3 TourineE.
 i-ie23 Ton truck.
 (starter. gake tbody) l--las3 Fordor. And many other exceptional bargains. ELMER AUTOMOBILE co. 8 MAIN ST. TEL. iSi'. POPULAR FORD 0EABERs
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

MONEY TO LoAN-un first or second
 mortgages. Schultz & Costello, cA2 Main
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16
Business Services Rendered 20

AWNINGS-Place your orders now aud Save money by getting dur winter prices Eddy Awning and Decorating Co.,, City Hall Plncs Phone lO1S-4.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

When you think of classified ads think of the Herald.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16
BUSINESS SERVICE

Barbers, Hairdressers, Masseuse IS CH1LDREN's-hair cutting in hobby horse
 chairs. ladies hair bobibng and marcel.
 Model Barber Shop, 52 Church St.
 Building and Contracting 19 BAKER 6 LAsHER-the old reliable con-
 crete contractors. No job too large. no
 job too small. Tel. l966.
 CHIMNEY-repairlng and general mason and plastering work. Work guaranteed. J. J. McLarney. 5S Garden. Phone S9l. CONCRETE CONsTRUCTIoN-L. o. zet- terman. IFS Shuttle Meadow Ave. Phone 1921. Portland Cement. CONsULT-Neuman sackett about building that cottage at the shore. Esti- mates and plans furnished upon re- quest. Phone 345s-4.
 HOUSE WIRING-estimates furnished. Have your work done now. Prompt serv- ice. Terms arranged. Barry & Bam-
 forth. 1s Main St. Phone 25oI.
 PAUL ZEHLER-roofer. slate. gravel. .-as- phalt, tin and and shingle roofa New or repairing. Phone 1890.
 ROOFING MATERIALs-A leaky roof 1 ruins ceilings and frame work. Pre- serve your home and other buildings are the agents. Frank Hair, Inc. b49 | Main St. Phone 2l27. Opp. St, Marys. | church.
 Business Services Rendered 20 l
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

SEYMOUR ST, l0S-Room and beard Tor l gentleman in private Apericsn family. Phone S47-4.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

USED CARS l924 { pass. Buick coupe. 1923 pass. Buick sedan. 1923 pass, Buick touring. 1917 pass. Buick touring. 1918 pass. Buick touring. - 1920 Maxwell roadster. 1921 studebaker light touring. CAPITOL BUICK CO,
 
 1as ARCH ST.
 PHONE 26O7.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16
PsrsoaaIA,
Store Announcements d

TT WILL PAY YoU--To WALK A FEW STEPS AND LOOK OVER OUR WIN. TER UNDERWEAR. AND FLANNEL SHIRT pARdAINs. ARMY q NAVY STORE. NEXT TO WESTERN UNION
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

WALNUT ST, 49-The Prospect, new building, 5 room apartments, all modern Improvements. steam heat, garages etc., centrally located. Inquire 57 Walnut St, Tel, i2S5
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

Everybody reads the Herald classified ads.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

HUDSON AND ESSEX USED CAR
 DEPT.
 
 1acl Chevrolet coupe. 1923 Hudson pass. sedan, 1920 fEssex sedan. ig.4 Hudson speedsteE, 1921 Essex roadster. 1923 Special studebaker tour. 1923 Buick z psss. sedan. 1924 Oakland touring, 1924 Maxwell touring. 1922 Dodge sedan. HoSEYMAN AUTO SALES CO., iss ARcR ST. PHONE 1Os.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

CONSOLE PHONOGRAPH-bea ma hogany, sll5 value, now SS9. Six rec ords free, Widener's, l2S Main St.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16
ROOMS, BOARD, HOTELS
Rooms For Rent

SOUTH HIGH ST, 20-Room to let. steam
 heat. Call after D. m. Right hand bell.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

COLUMBIA PHONOGEAPH--S25 Also an
 Edison at s6O. Both in fine shape. F.. II. Cogswell, 8 Chestnut St. Phone
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16

WEST END-Ntcsly furnished room, steam heat. Private. Phone S2tS-J.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16
BUYING THROUGH BB THE CLASSIFIED nss mpAM mmeusM
MERCHANDISE
Musical Instruments .

,oNE-ColumbIa upright mahogany and
 ono fumed oak. slightly used. Records Included. real bargain, Convenient terms. Henry Morans'. 36k Main St.
New Britain herald., 1925-02-16
BARGAIEs-

FOR THE IMMEDIATE BUYER 50 UP TO THE MINUTE RECON DITIoNED CARs-NO REASON ABLE OFFER REFUSED. SEE THESE BUYS IF YOU WANT TO SAVE MONEY. POPULAR MAKES OPEN AND CLOSED. AARON c. COHEN. INC, lS5 PARK ST" HARTFORD,
The broad ax., 1925-02-21
Hon. Thomas Byrne VIII
Return to City Council

assist the coIored people to that ex-
tent.
Il VIII be further recalled that after
the race riot in this city in 1910 Alder
man Byrne led the fight in the city
council in favor Of awarding damages
to the relatives Of the colored people
who were murdered in the race riot
at that time, showing that he never
permits the color Of any persons skin
to swerve him from doing right.
He is a member of many committees
Of the city council, being chairman Of
the Police and Municipal Institutions
and Of other big committees. He is
also head Of the Committee Of Local
Industries, streets and alleys and also
local transportation committee.
All in all, Alderman Byrne is one
Of the honest and honorable city
fathers who always labors hard for the
best interests Of all Of the people Of
this wonderful city, the queen city Of
the Middle West, and on Tuesday,
February "a, he will again Be re-
elected to the city council from the
aew 18th Ward.
The broad ax., 1925-02-21

Hon Thomas F Byrne, who is
known far and near a. the little Irish
American fighting statesman from the
stock Yards district, has been a mem
Der Of the city council for some years
and, IN a rough and tumble oratorical
spat, he can easily hold his own with
the best orators. He IS chuck full Of
Wit and is at all times ready to meas
ure arms with his largest and most
powerful opponent He is right up to
the minute in all Of the affairs per-
tanning to the great city Of Chicago.
II will Be recalled that in 1921 he
induced the city council to permit the
friends and others connected with the
Fort Dearborn Hospital to hold spe-
cial tag day and two thousand dollars
and over was collected from it. Aside
from the fact that he contributed some
Of his own money to aid it, he and
his partner in the real estate business,
Hon. Emmett Whealan, Comfy Com
missioner, were both deeply interested
in its success and they both felt proud
of the fact that they were able to
The broad ax., 1925-02-21

NORTHWEST
Art Iona Novelty a GIFT
Company,
1909 Milwaukee Ave.
The broad ax., 1925-02-21

Entered as Second Class Matter, Aug.
lo, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago,
III. Under Act Of March 8, 1879
The broad ax., 1925-02-21
The Commonwealth Edison COmpsnv
~ w. ADAMS STREET
PHONE RANDOLPH 1880

The Following Electric Shops carry full Of Eecri
pances and sell the Federal Washer Easy Terms Ar
acosA AVE- SA 5 s
The broad ax., 1925-02-21

Vol XXX No. %
Chicago, February 81, 1924
The broad ax., 1925-02-21
MANY BUYING IN NEW
DIVISION

During the past few days, many
members Of the race have purchased
sites at o3rd and State Sts., Lafayette
and Perry Avenues as their future
homesites. This section is expected
TO be an important part Of the city.
The broad ax., 1925-02-21
ON THE INAUGURAL SPECIAL

A large number of citizens Of the
race from Chicago are making plans
to attend the Inauguration and will go
on board the Inaugural Special" from
Chicago to Washington, D. c., March
1st.
The broad ax., 1925-02-21
ARRANGING TO OCCUPY
HOME

Every arrangement is being pushed
by the Building Committee Of Fort
Dearborn Lodge No. A. LB.P.O.EWs
to Be able to 60 into their new home
at 1920 Grand Blvd, in the spring.
Atty. A. E. Patterson is chairman and
James c. Martin is exalted ruler.
The broad ax., 1925-02-21
THE BROAD AK
Published Every Saturday


In this city since July 18TH 1899,
-=ithout missing one single issue. Re-
publicans. Democrats, Catholics, Pro-
testants, Single Takers, Priests, inf
dels Or anyone else can have their say
As long as their language is proper
and responsibility is liked.
The BEoad AK is a newspaper whose
platform is broad enough for all, ever
claiming the editorial right TO speak
les own mind II is neither Demo-
cratic nor Republican. It IS strictly
or absolutely independent in politics
Local communications will receive
attention. Write only on one side Of
the paper
Subscriptions must Be paid in adj
vance.
One Year ................... 500
Six Months ....-....-... -$lO0
Advertising rates made known on
application
Address all communications to
THE BROAD AK
600 S. Elizabeth St, Chicago
Phone: Wentworth 1897
JULIUS F. TAYLOR
Editor and Publisher
Evening star., 1925-04-08

Kaime, Miss Elizabeth Johnson, the
Misses Lejeune. the Misses Bryn, Miss
Lillian Thompson, Miss Sybil Almond,
Miss Florence Caroline Adams. Miss
Lelita Dawson, Miss Caroline Henry
Miss Frances Linfoot, Miss Eugene
LIE Merle, Mis- Elizabeth Stiles, Miss
Hilda Diller. Miss Hilda Anne Hill.
Miss Elizabeth Marbury Beale, Miss
Bernadette Herman, Miss Atala KIM
NELL, Miss Ann Deyereux, Miss Jessie
Adkins. Miss Eleanor Northrope Miss
Lucille Boggs.
Miss Lillian Gray, Miss Eleanor
Saunders, Miss Eta Louise Taggart,
Miss Ada Dorr, Miss L. c. Dorr. Miss
Eliza Carpenter, Miss Grace -Maude
Morgan. Miss Halle Morgan, Miss
Doris Casey, Miss Marian Hardy, Miss
Margaret Cockrill, Miss Virginia Lyn-
ham. Miss Lena Epperley, Miss Sarah
Helm, Miss Laura Myies, Miss Gladys
Nelson. Miss ALA Clary, Mrs. Mamie
Quinton Marshall, Mrs. T. Stuart Muir
ray, Miss Oline Barre James, Miss
Bertha L. Thomson. Mrs. Janet Muir
ray Gray, Mrs. Peter A. Perishfn. Miss
Mary Lee Lawson, Miss Alfne lie Dane,
Miss Mary Boyd, Miss Virginia Lang
don Forward, Mrs. Nancy Lee banks,
Miss Louise Turner and Miss Elsie
Thomas
The floor committee will be COM
posed of Mr. John A. Shumbley, chair
man, and Mr.. Elwood Seal, vice chair
man; Mr.. John Temple Graves, Mr.
Frank j. Kelly, Capt. Woldemar de
Sveshnikoff, Capt A. J. Vadala, DIR.
j. II. Digges. Mr.. e. c. Fletcher, the
Evening star., 1925-04-08
PLAN WORLDWIDE
WAR ON CORROS|ON.
Scientists Assert That Vast
Amounts of Wealth Are
OiSSipated in Rust.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE, Md, April S.-A
worldwide attack by science on corro-
sion, through which vast amounts of
wealth are being dissipated in rust that
has gone on unchecked for centuries, was
launched today at a symposium held
at Johns Hopkins University by the
Glvls1on of industrial and engineering
chemistry of the American Chemical |
Society.
AS result of agreements reached
among scientists as to the funda-
mental causes of corrosion. a cor
rosion institute will be created here
and cooperative effort to stop the
ravages of corrosion will be under
taken by the institute with the sup
port of both the users and producers
OF metal products.
This institute" it was announced.
hopes to solve this problem in a
practical manner which may result
In saving aggregating hundreds of
millions of dollars annually to the
people of the United States alone.
Costs Annually $3OO,OOO,OOO
The cost of replacing every year
In the United States metal structures,
which fail because of rusting, was
estimated by the experts at $500. .oO0.-
GOO. Engineers and chemists from
this and other countries took part
in the symposium, r. J. Mckay of
New York City presiding.
Corrosion, it was brought out, is
vital problem in every civilized land.
All the metal produced in Great
Britain, it was declared, would be in
sufficient to replace the steel and iron
structures which fail annually
throughout the world because of rusting
Rusting of pipes lining petroleum
wells, it was also asserted, threatens
the oil industry of this Country with
the loss of important pools.
Opinions Conflict.
Conflicting opinions regarding the
fundamental causes of rusting have
prevented effective attack on this
source Of loss in the past" said Chair
man Mckay. One group of scientists
has maintained that corrosion is
definitely the result of electrical ac-
tion, while the opposing group has
contended for a purely chemical ex-
planation.
THE present symposium has
cleared up many of the differences
which still existed between these
Two groups. and has resulted in the
general adoption of a theory involv-
ing both chemical and electrical
agencies