Evening star., 1925-12-27
RUSSO7TURK PACT
SPURNS COVENANT
Is Notice to World Two Ma
tionS Are at War on Eu-
ropes Political System.
RN ANDRE TARDIEU

B, RADIO 10 The star.
PARIS, December 26-Thc new
usso-Turkish treaty of friendship
and mutual benevolent neutrality
constitutes an open declaration of
war on Europe's existing political sys-
TEN. even more than the RussoGer-
man treaty signed at Rapallo in the
midst of the Genoa conference in 1922.
1t is affirmation OF the principle of
Asia against Europe"
ON January l., 1919. at the first
preparatory session OF the peace con-
ference. David Lloyd George, sup
ported by President Wilson. proposed
10 conyoke representatives of all gov
crnments then existing, including the
soviets.
Gen. Botha, who had just arrived
from South Africa, declared the
"bolshevtk menace was nothing but
scarcecrow." This was also the
opinion of Gen. Cough, who after his
defeat on the Somme in March. 1918,
had specialized in oriental questions.
President Wilson remarked: "All
these plans against the Soviets make
me think of Dame Partington or King
Canute trying to sweep back the sea
with q broom
Opposed by Clemenceau.
Georges Clemenceau alone resisted.
saying. "Parleying with the bolshe-
NikS will accomplish nothing except
TO strengthen them"
News that the Russo.Turkish treaty
has been signed brings back these
memories.
has increased the Importance of the
League of Nations by referring to the
league decisions which heretofore
nave been taken by governments.
Russia has chosen this moment to
announce that her refusal 10 join the
league is final and not conditional
The Turks choose the same moment
10 sign treaty with Russia under
which they mutually agree TO abstain
from joining any union or convention
directed against either. Coming i'm.
mediately after the leagues decision
IN the Mosul case, which may inply
concerted action against Turkey. this
treaty has unmiStakable significance.
Present Solid Front.
Moscow and Angora unite TO pre-
sent a solid front against the Geneva
Mon, thus forming an Eastern bar
iler TO the leagues activities. which
already are limited on the West by
American abStention.
\ glance at the map reveals what
this means. Germany, Poland.
Rumania, Bulgaria, Greece. Great
Britain, Japan and China, all mem
hers of the league. are neighbors
either of Russia or Turkey. All these
nations hoped to obtain security
through membership in the league.
They are Informed now that in two
directions at least the leagues juris-
dictlon is repudiated The writer
avs at least two directions" for
there is no assurance that this ex-
ample will not be widely followed.
Persia, after the revolution, and
ldedJaz after the dynasty's downfall
VIII they remain faithful to the
covenant? Neither Egypt nor
Nghapistan has Joined. Recent
events show how Soviet influence has
progressed in China. Thus tomorrow
hundreds of millions may elude inter
national solidarity the final triumph
OF which was believed to have been
scaled at Locarno.
1t was boasted that old systems of
alliances which divided peoples were
aboilshed; but already there ha $
arisen antagonism which past history
perhaps never has equaled
remembering the age-long enmitv
oi Russia and Turkey, it can be bet
ter appreciated what this new move
ment means. Never, never. indeed.
has the world been more completely
cut in two than since our era of uni.
NerSal recOnCiliation Botha's opti.
AnAStic aphorism now is only seven
Years old. Only four years ago Lloyd
George embraced the Soviets at Genoa
and Poincare the Turks at Lausanne.
These seeds already have reached
fruition.
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