davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Seward daily gateway., 1925-01-20
White Cross President
 Dead, Heart Disease

NEW YORK, Jan. 19-Canon Will liam H. Bliss, of Seattle, president of the White Cross Society, and an un- official observer at the Geneva opium conference, died today of heart dis ease at the age of 52
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
WET WINTER is
FORECAST BY
FATHER RICARD

SANTA CLARA, Aug. 22.-Th'
coming winter viii be very, very
wet, but not exceedingly cold.
This is the promise of Father J
$. Ricard, professor of astronomy
at Santa Clara university.
1--WE shall have Il fairly cary
winter he said. "It will be cx
iremely wet, but only moderately
cold in California and across the
United States. There will be more
snow on the mountains, and pre-
cipitation VIII be considerable heav.
ier in the west than last year."
Father Ricard has earned repu-
tation for correct weather pTophc-
cies by the large number of his fore
casts that have come true on the
Pacific coast. Many place more
faith in him than in the official
weather man.
The Ricard predictions are based
on study of sun spots. The theory
has just received the corr0boratiou
of DR.. Charles &. Abbott, director
Of the Astrophysico Observatory at
the Smithsonian institute.
Father picard s astronomical ac'
tivities VIII soon be expanded as tbe
result Of $4,000 spectrohcliograpll
and two new telescopes which are
being added to the observatory
equipment here.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
CAMPAIGN
REDUCES FATALITIES
By Condo

Jay-walkcrs. in New York City
were handed cards by traffic Off
GERS warning them of the dangers
Of jay walking, during Il politct
ness campaign waged recently in
the eastern metropolis. a check vi,
indicates that the campaign WIS
ctNfer rtiye m reducing Fatalities dur,
ing July, which were So This wear,
Compared with So in july, 1874.
Jaywalking ordinances are grafu-
ally being introduced in many
cities since Los Angeles undertook
10 regulate pedestrian traffic in
congestcd districts.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

she comes in daily contact with this
Lew class of social paradise. Station
ed at the crossroads of east, west.
south and north highways, she meets
the flvver parties from every,
where.
The west owes its development
to the pioneer spirit of adventure
and initiative, Miss Burlington
declares. But by no stretch of Inn
agination can these pioneers be COM
pared with the present day migrants
who pack their belongings ipclud-
ing babies, furniture, pets and
everything they possess, into a worn
cut automobile and start. out with
little money, no idea where they
ire going and with reckless disre-
gard as to how they are going to
live.
''Manv OF tn II use the;r children
as an appeal for cH1rity
And the children Life in the
open is healthy enough, bit what
about their ecjuca5ion-ard the eff
fects or This rowing Upon their life
habitso SO we to have I, tribe Of
gypsies III this co1ntry-without
any trl,l2 or a',Iiiinn'
After Investigating scores of
charity cases among thcSe migrant
Miss Burlington has learned:
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
ROAD ADDITIONS
in CALIFORNIA
TOTAL 233 MILES

Ranging from two miles in length
to l25 miles, additions totalling
333.5 miles were made to the state
] highway system of California by the
last legislature, it is revealed in
compilations made by the engineer
ing department of the Automobile
Club OF Southern California, and
the approximate final cost will
range between six and seven mil
! lions.
The development program as fin
ally passed by both houses, and ap-
proved by the governor will include
the following additions to the state
highway system: Three miles from
San Rafael to Point San Quentin, /,
% miles from Angels Camp to. Cal,
averas Big Trees; , miles from Rio
Nisto. to Antioch; 10 miles from
/ Crescent City to the Oregon state
! line; l6 miles from Needles to To-
pock; > miles from Ukiah 10 the
state hospital; and 125 miles OF the
Arrowhead Trail to the Nevada
state line. These increases are all
considered by engineers as 1ael.ni-
cal additions to complete the state
highway already established in these
sections. The Bay Shore road,
stretching AIS miles south frcm
San Francisco and giving tha: ,i,y
an additional outlet down the pea
lnsula, is the only. new sta;c road
authorized by the last legislature
not designed particularly to connect
highways already named.
The approved stretch of three
miles from San Rafael to Point San
Quentin is planned to take out Of
the state prison ground the present
state highway. The % miles from
Angels Camp to the Big Trees will
place. these scenic marvels direct
y on the state highway, which has
been completed to Angels.
State lines will be reached through
three of the measures approved
The state highway will touch the
Oregon line in the 10 miles improve
ment north from Crescent City. The
l6 miles from Needles to Topock
will bring this southern highway to
the Arizona line, and tho 125 mile
stretch on the Arrowhead Trail will
connect the state highway system
of California with the state high
way system of Nevada. The two
miles from Ukiah is designed 10
hriug the state highway to the state
hospital. v..,.
I Supporters of the contention tha-
state highway matters should, be
divorced from politics hold that new
roads should be added to the state
highway system only after engineer
ing and economic authorities have
made careful study of the merits
of each proposal. No less than 60
new highway measures were intro
duced in the last Legislature, calling
for an increase of 1888 miles to
the state highway system, which al
ready approXimates $500 miles and
is less than half completed. This
large number of bills introduced, o.
which only eight were passed, n
taken to indicate that full eonsidera-
tiOn by competent authorities was
not given 70 the vast majority OF
road bills that might have become
laws and saddled the people with
enormous, but unnecessary taxes.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
HUDSON COMPANY
BREAKS RECORDS
FOR PRODUCTION

With more than $4,000 ears manu-
factured and sold in July, the Hud-
son Motor Car company, shattered
all previous records for volume of
business in the six cylinder field, ac-
cording to word received here bv
z. l.. Moore of tine Moore Motors
company, formerly the Imperial Val
ley Finance corporation, hudson Es'
sex dealer.
This phenomenal output, it was
declared, made July the seventh con
secutiye month in which Hudson
Essex has set new high marks for
six cylinder business. The volume
OF hudson Essex business is now
said to be greater even than in
July.
IN line with this national Hud-
SON Essex six cylinder leadership,
the Moore Motors company made
July the banner month of the con
Germ s history. Sales would have
been even larger, it is declared, if
deiiNenes could have been made to
al those who wished ears. Summer
ordinarily is a dull season, but the
business Hudson Essex ears have
had III the past few weeks has prov
ed this year the exception. Busi-
ness IS Improving too, rather than
falling oft.
''1ne gratifying fact about this
leadership is, = sand Mr.. Moore,
= that tins great volume of business
is no sudden spurt following 1t show
ing Of new models, but is simply a
growing continuance of business
uone Tor all of this year.
''lt is simply "a proof that the
public regards Hudson Essex cars,
III their present design and at their
present prices, as outstanding values
III the motor car field Ihat feeIy
ing has been growing every day
and every month. That belief grows
not because of any particular fea-
lures or talking points, but from the
simplicity, relIability, ali-round use
fulness and, value OF the cars. The
prices OF course are exceptionally
IaVorabiev-in my opinion, below al
comparison.
Leadership such as has been
won and consistently held by Hud-
SON Essex over Il long period Of.
time, is Of particular importance
because this city knows motor cars
and motor car values better per
haps than any other in the country.
= The year 1925 has been u mar
velously successful one. 1 fully ex.
peet the second half to be much
better than the first.
The reduction in prices effective
August 10 is made possible by the
iinctasea production. The world Is
greatest automobile values are now
priced below all comparison. They
are the finest Hudson Esso& ever
built. J..
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
Officer LassOes
Lonely POrcupine

SACRAMENTO, Aug. d. The
trail of lonesome porcupine which
apparently disrcgarded the advice
of its parents and strayed from the
family home, leads straight to the
city 700.
The prckly little animal was fonnd
nosing the core ,of an apple in a
street in the residential section
here.
County Humane Officer IL. J. VIM
tiers, answering the calls of frantic
peighbors who feared for the safety
of their children, found that the
youthful porcupine was not won't to
ieaye the apple core without resist
ance.
Alass0o was brought into play
and now the animal gazes iongingly
through the meshcd netting of his
cage.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

The flivver gvpsics are always in
I hurrv-but they seldom know
where they are going.
Their greatest need is gas and
oil-rather than food and clothing.
They would rather part with their
lives than give up their flivver.
Have No Aiming Habits
Nearly always they say they are
bound somepiace for Il job. But in
vestigatioon usually shows it is an
imaginary job. ... 81.
They II work for awhile, at
fruit picking or the like, but will
be on the road again as soon as
they have restotked in fuel and
food.
only rarely will The real gypsy
park in a pay-camp; lie prefers a
public camp rdhe side of the road.
Many of them have been ON the
road for years.
But the gypsy hust not be con.
fused with the summer tourist, -
Miss Burlington says. "It is not
difficult to distinguish them. The
professional moocher is easily re
cognized.
Miss Burlington says the best
way to handle them is TO reter their
appeals for help to the local charl-
tv organizati0n-where they can
get help if they deserve it.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
RAILROAD FILES SUIT
IN DAMAGE FROM TRUCK

Mot0ristS u PennsYIvania VIII be
more careful about running into
railroad trains, following the filing
of suit by the Lackawanna and
Wyoming Valley Railroad company
asking $1,000 da nages from Va mot
orist who crashed into one of their
passenger trains with truck. The
driver is charged with negligence
and trespassing. According to the
records of the public safety depart
ment of the Auto Club, about 2j
per cent of the railroad crossing ac-
ciIcnts are due to motorists crash
ing into She train rather than the
train striking the motor vehicle.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
DAILY MENUS

Breakfast = Baked apples with
cereal and cream. scrambled eggs,
crisp whole, wheat toast, milk, eof-
fee. st$s
luncheon = Creamed celery on
toast, graham bread, with rais.ns,
rice aud peaE guiding. milk. tea-
Dinner--Sliced cold roast veaL
baked patatees corn on the cob, TO-
snato and pineapple salad. flaatlng
asland. rye bread. milk coffee,
If there are no small children ~
fhe family, potato chips rather tAah
7alsa 5r&sbssaee could lie served
q,I;s voIi.d 81 course 1nsile tAe- corn
the onf~ hes dish IN the dinner ;stp
ra1nee ti.e amount Of heat nee2ed 10
seok the meal
Esce3 s1zI Pear Pudding
Six or eight small pears, cup
asagar. 1-2scup waIer. - eup<rice. /
7ablespoon buffer, , cups milk, ;
eggs I {. teaspeun salt. IL lemon, 3
slreservad Hca.erries tablespoons
Sherry sra s.5 ;.ts3s speoa yanil.s.
81 itte- CT - -t't Ss-s = +d va
5isrs. Maize sytrp Of sugar and va
r. add pears ana cook ul.al ten
ler. Add cherries AID syrup If
wanted and remove from the fire.
aeeD hot until needed. Wash re
Pit in top cf Double boiler with
iailir, 1-2 cup SUGAR, salt and butter.
Add to the boiiing point and theIi
opl, yolks Of eggs we'll beaten aad
emovt on u large deep pie dish.
asking a depression in the eenter
iii with pears and syrup. Cover the
Tsalc with the whites Of the eggs
Beaten until stiff and dry with I Ia
aiespoons sugar.
Bake IN a slow oven for fifteen
minutes to cook and brown tie mer-
aiguP.
sweet pears will not need one cap
81 sugar in the syrup IN which they
are cooked. Two-thirds or three
fonths cup win make the disA sweet
enough.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
HANDY syRUps

Lemon SYRUP IS made ba mixing 1
up SUGAR and , cups water bringing
the boiling roint and letting poil
9r - ndautee Add Is cap Of
trsire5 lan4 juice. cool ande Keep
b glass Dilute with he 5Fater
% taste 81
Chocolate Syrup is made by melt
inc pia es Of Hnsgeetened choeo-
late. adds Sc 4 b cups sugar add Is
Teaspoon salt. Pour on gradual iv
sslsile stirring constantly ] IL caps
boiling water. Stir until smooth
bring TO boiling point ard hoil .
1e5putes. Cool, keep in glass jar IN
rcfrigerator and use as needed.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
Judge Appointee
Fined as Speeder

PALO ALTO. Calf, Aug. 22.-
Practising what you preach turned
to actuahties here recently for Mrs.
Josephine M. Lamp, appointee TO
the position of justice or the peace
al san Mateo, IN the next county
north Of here.
She was arrested for speeding,
and when she appeared she paid the
minimum tine tor first~ appear
aEee--$lb.
Mrs. Lamp, when she toak office,
announced determination OF Jail
for speaders. Speeding was the
crime she was accused OF commit
ting,
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
Married Second
Time to Be Sure

SAN DIEGO, Calf, Aug. 22.--
II DO, and she whispered the
words romantieaiiy. eyen if she was
bciag married 70 ale same man for
t5e second time.
Niiliam iagg learned that his
real name was Charles w Lucas.
He had married Nellie shelton, Jan
uary ~, lsz4, here under the name
Of Hogg, which was his mother S
maiden name, which shb had adopt,
ed for him.
y. Ae'Fe doiug u again just to be
sure, Lucas, formerly Hogg, told
the Judge
But they kissed again. the Judge
reported
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
TRIP FROM S. D.
TO new ORLEANS
MADE IN 10 DAYS
Travelled During Day
light Hours; Followed
Old Spanish Trail

Two touring bureau representa-
'tites Of the Automobile Club of
Southern California made the trip
from San Diego to New Orleans
over the 0ld Spanish Trail in ten
days although they Travelled in day
light hours only. it Is revealel in
lie report received yesterday from
New Orleans from the club team on
lis way to Miami, Florida and New
1orl. city
The record was made while tbe
Iaen We're attending 10 road chastitg
.aH1 reporting duties, which neees-
s;sri'y prohibits au excessive rate
o. speed. The rex .ariable run
in the elub machine. according to
Ion DoiE manaeer Of the automo
bitc club touring bureau, is evidence
TIA. the famous southern ttanscon-
tineutal highway. the Old Spanish
Trait, IS in good condition for mo-
tDring from Southern California to
7ht famous cotton center On the
mississippi. la their report, the
tearing team, q. r. Woodward and
Hugh shy report that all but q
few miles Of the stretch IS in com
Ieuativelr good shape. The repre-
sentatives viii continue their work
OF charting roads for lew maps and
map changes and compiling daTa on
road conditions over the Old Spanish
Trail to Mimi. Florida, up the
Atlantic highway to New YORK CITY
ana back to Southern California By
way of the Bankhead highway.
Cover Oregon Trail
Upon the return of another road
checking team with descriptive pie
lures and. detailed touring informa
ton on the Santa Fe Trail to 81.
Louis. Missouri. the Lincoln higa-
way from that point TO Salt LAKE
City and the Wendoyer Cutoff TO
Ss4thers California, a thiEd touring
Jarcau car carrying two representa-
tires started Few days ago on q
ci,arting and investigating trip over
the Pacific highway TO Portland, to
re5u-n by the old Oregon trail.
Nine days was ali that was re-
Quiled 70 motor the 1881 miles from
Los Angeles 10 Kansas City over the
Santa Sc trail by the touring team,
Z. b. Harrison and II. l.. Marsh
OF the automobile club touring bu-
reau. according to their report upon
returning the past week. This was
one day short of the scheduled time
and was made during daytime only
whilc making notes and charting
roads. The Santa Fe trail 10 Mis-
souI1, the Lincoln highway and the
NruGover Cutoff between the mid
Glcwcat AID Southern California Hc
in generaIy favorable condition for
touring at the present tlfne, accord
iuy to the detailed report of these
r representatives..
Tour Pacific Highway
Tie third touring team, consisting
Of Harold Grundy and Earle Mont
gun.ery. is now Approximately half
way over the Pacific highway por-
,.ou of their tour.
Tourists are aided wherever pos
sible through road information,
r9ute maps and other services by the
traveiing representatives. cf the Au-
touIobile CLUB OF Southern California
as hey tour the traEscontinental
t.ghways. II is expected that the
fresh, up5o Date impressions OF con
ditions along the national high
ways which are being gained By
thc scryire Of giving touring in
the service of gihying touring in
4. - -. -. Z. ,.,l.A-n..i.A-
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
OFFERS KENTUCKIAN
BUREAU CHIEF S POST
by United Press Leased Wire

Hy I hItFU frtNS fF!!'FH VIC
WASHINGTON, Aug. 22.-As-
sertirg his authority from his sick
bed ut ii local hospital. Secretary Of
Agriculture Jardine has offered
Dean Thomas 2. Coope-. Of the asFi-
cultural college of Kentucky Univer-
~;ty, the position fchief Of the
bureau Of agricultural economies
Ht,er forcing the resignation Of Or.
Henry c. Taylor.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
TO CLEAN RUGS

To-cloau rug on the floor, and
without dust, put, tablespoons of
ammonia ina gallon OF wpter. Take
a clcth "a yard square, dampep ir
the water, lay On rug. and beat geLt-
" with a carpet beater or heavy wire
spoon. Then rinse well in clear wa
ter. Continue laying cloth next to
where You left off until you have
given the whole rug cleaning. You
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

Montana sheep buyers have been
active about Pendleton, Oregon.
sending out nearly 10000 ewes and
Lambs, paying ten and II cents a
round for the latter.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
Different Problem
20 YEARS AGO IN MoToRDoM !

) motorist of Southern California
declared twenty years ego that he
would never drive III Tho mountain
roads again, after his machine had
frightened a horse into overturHing
buggy on & ridge route. The ladies
in the Buggy were not seriously hurt
hat the autoist apparently thought
thai the danger 10 drivers Of horse
drawn vcA.c-eS wo-ld a!N =. be
nrnSeAr.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
By NEA Service

Given dilapidated automobile, a
kind-kearted American public and
"a desire to roam and YOU have
The flivver gypsy.
Call him that or, more kindly
eau him the automobile migrant, he
is the laodern ''tramp.'
Around the auto camps there are
different names for him:
FlivYer hobo.
Flivver Magellan.
Tin can tourist.
Gasoline stiff.
Autobum. 't
But name or no name, he has sue
ceeded the tramp who counted the
railroad ties. or rode bind-baggage
or the bumper. Like the tramp, he
depends upon a kindhearted public
to help him; but unlike the tramp,
he takes his family with him-his
dog, canary, cradle, his stove and
his bed
Different Problem
This flivver gypsy is rapidly be-
coming one Of the most difficult
problems Of social workers.
Pe,haps best acquainted with this
problem Is Miss Adaline y. Buff
ington, secretary of the charity or
ganization association OF Salt Lake
City. Throughout the whole year
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
HOUSEHOLD HINTS .... -. .-..
WHEN GRAVES CURDLE

II the milk eeunlIes when making
milk gravy, put in a little soda and
It will thieken up and bo te,idy 70
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
TO BRIGHTEN STEEL

steel that is rusty should be
cleaned with a. cut onion and left
for day. Afterwards it can be pol
iSLed either with emery powder and
raraffin. or with a paste made with
bri.k dust and turpentine. Steel
articles that are. to be stored for
some time should first he rubbed
with mutton fat and then put in \
dry place.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

The Wenatchce, Washington. ap-
pie crop this ycar viii be 1870
carloads.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

Farmers IN Lane County, Oregon,
La.e sold their hay crops for elA
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

Lincoln County, Washington. will
haYe farm advisor January J,
g2f
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22
TO CLEAN SCREEN DOORS

Have a stiff brush, dip 1T in gaso
line and 20 over the screens. 1t
takes off the grease and dust, and
makes them look like new.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

Because Los Angeles metorist
and witness testified that tile high
speed gear had not been used on a
oIiyc during which they were arrest
cd for speeding beyond the twelve
mile an hou1 limit, they were round
'rot guilty hy the justice of the
Pcace. Expert testimony that the
autoist could not have gone faster
th&n ten or twelve miles an hour III
any bat high gear convinced the
Juog ge OF the arfoist 5 innocence,
ceapIte the positive statements OF
two police officers that their VI tch-
Is had shown the ear had been
driven faster tkan the law allowed.
Chicago, April -. 1905. Henry
I'oITi o1 Detroit has been secured
io4 the races at Washington Park
ia this city the last ot MAJ. Ford
Is expected - bring on hls eighty
horse power ear.
Heres a joke published in the
newspapers and considered funny III
1865:
Duffcr-"I've been figuring on
the expenses OF an automobile and
4 find that the greatest cost j. the
operation. ~
Fuffer-Mechauical or ourgical?"
While a young man of Stockton,
California and his lady friend were
driving in the country twelve years
aeo, his automobile caught fire
wAen cigarette ignited some gaso-
line which bad t--aped from the
tank. The ear was completely burn
ell but the couple we're unhuft.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-08-22

sead Hotels Health Beach
Problem Literature
Writing
Office
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1925-01-27
Famous Flapper
Is Proving That
Age MattersNot

Edna Wallace Hopper. appearing
at the PnntaFes this week. is prov
ing constant marvel. For, al,ho
she Is repnted 20 be 62 years old.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1925-01-27

Is IS uaiuekb or lucky
That's eractly phat The 10
persons. Who are in The race
for the city council are rou-
dsriHb. IT'S not hard to de-
eide. Thirteen wiH be luck
for sir Of than, pmincky for
sereH. As 10 Who the lucky
SIR irH be. that's the qlteS-
tioH. Here are the cdRdi-
dates: I. Mrs. HeHrB Ian
des:. ?. John Harrop. s. Tor
II Si0uTdssoH; !, Mrs. kuth-
crime Miracle: :. Oliver r.
Erickson. 8. Henry G.. Dahl
bB, z. +. C.. OutlaHd: q. n.
+. Waiberg: .. Elmer f..
Conner: 10. 4. Lou Cohen:
II. T.. l.. Blame; f2. Harry
". WestfaH. The -" is the
man Of the race. He
filed as Haghey Hugh Olirer
Schrommeck. AstOr Hotel.
III Maynard ave. The hotel
says he is not kH0icn there.
He is not listed ia the city
directorB Other candidates
concede he is the real dark
horse OF the election.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1925-01-27
syRg.S MORE ABOUT
Murder Trial
J,RTSoN PAGE !

A,uslsd b. Fiub aud Ninth
olye and University sts.
g-,dsy. poicv photographer,
- a. sries or photographs ~
~ romlng house on The hal
uhich tltsry was twice
ana ether points on the
Z Richulsous alleged dash
LA eefcre hs was caught BY
rssr the NarmJudtc apart
ss state alone has ia wii
"a sppear before the jury %
e tnd six WCmsn and q 81
- he case vill BE- finished
y ~ ,ni u the week
,,vy : SAID 10 have been killed
= ! aecosled the trio In a dark
-.sr u m roomiug house. which
I, - btsn seen "a enter a few
- h<tore by Nicholson, silver
"a Fa.rchild escaped. but were
- u Missouri several weeks
= ~, fnaIb accepted By both
=. . ma afternoon Monday Wis.
= ~ xsne % the crime after
: sssmg address by Prosecutor
pn eslorc Judge a. = Hall
3, ,Ssmptory challenges q tho
,ssrl zach side. were exercised
nNta and John Dorc. chief de
~ ngasL
:, ny which viii decide the
= r. Innocence % the alleged
- sanstSis o.
~ VOID slsI y Broadway.
= CaHns lSot s5th ave s.
~ n Stun. 5og y. t1d =
yeas 1875 i5ih aves A. NJ.
- Rr,ioado. Dan Haunatin. ass
ssaSs avs. y: ~ = Martin. asia
D ave s. Margaret Greenfield.
"a lssorth ave Elizabeth IA
w. Hss Green Lake ave: 10
arrs Brennan i0t Palatiue. I'D
Mar l5ig ilth ayc. \. r. and
schr. 5li Cherry -.
1fa assisted by Deputy Prose
~ Ehsn Allen Peyssr. made a
aruay rscons,ruc,iou o. the slay
( d hts opening statement. in;i
anzg that hs viii ask rho death
rl.iT vhsa be makes his closing
.r,rsr,