Evening star., 1925-05-05

I became more pronounced with each
generation. 1t was inherited only
through the male parent.
How -vivisectionists would ex-
claim! But the experiment becomes
the basis of the modern doctrine of
immunization. While the experiment
came later than the discovery of vac
cination or of Pasteur's preventive
of hydrophobia, it demonstrates the
principle of both, and, above all, 1t
demonstrates the evolution Of animal
nature as affected by environment
and extraneous influences. Hence,
the proof of the reasonableness of the
doctrine of mutation of species.
Paleozoic seed found in fossil
| plants in Scotland in 1908 proved
that ferns once grew from seeds, and
within the last Is years petrified sea-
weed found near Rhyme, Scotland,
gave the connecting links between
sea and land plants. Scientists call
| it Zoology a science about 80
years old-a study to the effect Of en-
vironment upon vegetable life.
Microscopists have long studied cell
life, and recognized that all flesh is
made up of microscopic cells which
grow by subdivision and repeated sub
division. But the idea that that division
is simple rs no longer held. 1t is now
known that there are ultra-micro-
scopic organisms, so small that no
| microscope is powerful enough to dis
Germ them, yet their influence is dem
onstrated by their effects. They are
so fine that they pass through porce-
lain filters which stop all bacteria, and
| they cause the foot-and-mouth disease
in cattle and infantile paralysis and
yellow fever in humans. Little is
known of their nature, or what activi-
ties go on in that realm too minute
for our greatest microscopes
Is it there that will be discovered
the borderland between the organic
and inorganic? VIII science find thers
that mystery Of spontaneous or Great
ed life? Vain has been the search fC
life in bacteria or torulae.
Uselessness of pure science? In
the late war much was said about
shell shock. Self-sufficient doctors
who could not explain it denied its
existence and called it cowardice.
Scientists found that due to the shock
OF high explosives injury was caused
by congestion of the capillary system.
so that blood rushed into the capii,
laries and glutted them. became stag
nant and toxic therein. Circulation
was decreased by this loss of blood
held in the capillaries.
Infusion of blood from others was
impracticable in the armies, for the in
fusion must be Of related blood. In
fusion OF saline solution was of but
temporary relief. for the solution
leaked out before the patient could
create new red Corpuscles.
n DR.. Bayliss had been studying "col-
loids'-gluelike substances-and he
found the remedy for shell shock by
mixing colloid with the saline solu-
tion.y so that it GLUED up" the leaks
in the capillaries and held the salt
water long enough for real blood to
be created by the patient.
Much has been written recently
about the Importance of vitamins-
minute elements unknown 20 years
ago, bat indispensable in enabling food
to give nutriment to the body.
Every Psychologist grows enthusias-
tic in discussing the recent dis
coveries of the usefulness of the So
called useless" ductless glands Of tbe
body-especially the thyroid gland and
the adrenal glands. From the thyroid
gland-located in the front Of the neck
comes tiny drop of thyroxin which
Is indispensable to digestion. How?
DR.. Kendall Of Chicago, asked Armoir
q 90. TO supply MIN with the thyroid
glands OF 5000 cattle, and from them
ne extracted $50 grains OF thyroxin.
A pound equals 1000 grains.
Another doctor in Chicago studied
the adrenal glands, which are connect
ed with the Kidneys and secret adren-
aline. If they fail to function Addison
disease follows and soon comes death.
Yet dose of few drops of one unit
of adrenaline to million of water in
jected into the arteries stimulates the
heart and blood vessels.
Where is the dividing line between
pure" and applied" science9
Copyright, 1925. By Paul v. ccsasaAA