davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-12-13
0VER-INFLATI0N WRONG.
Balloons Effectiveness Reduced by
Excessive Pressure.

The propagandists who favor keep
ing high air pressures in tires are at
1t again. This time they are making
the balloon tire their target, and per-
suading car owners to sacrifice the
cushion effect for which the balloons
were designed. Many owners of light
cars are carrying air pressures suit
able for machines weighing 1000
pounds. Because the pressures are
low as compared with high pressure
tires, they feel that they are following
the right course. Give the balloons
a chance to ease the road shocks and
save the car. Thousands of cars that
are carrying 80 pounds per tire should
not be inflated over % pounds.
Evening star., 1925-12-13

inequality Of the gasoline tax rate
in the "A States of the Union which
have adopted this form OF taxation is
hindering the development OF Nation
wide reciprocity, IL is charged in a
statement issued by the American
Automobile Association.
The \. 4. A. seeks to awaken mo-
toristS everywhere to the need for
changing the present methods of gaso-
line taxation in order TO bring about
equality and fairness for automobile
owners throughout the country.
As viewed by the A. A. A, motorists
pay the gasoline tax for the mainte-
nance of roads they use. An exCes-
sive charge in one State defeats the
principle of reciprocity. which is re.
Earded as being of vital necessity to
the continued growth of motor-tour-
ing in America, it is pointed out.
Holds Method Unscientific.
As the result of the wide diversity
in the rate of gas tax, residents Of
one state are paying tribute to other
States in the form of taxes which are
higher than the rates in their home
commemorative. Thomas =. Henry.
president of the national motoring
orga nization. declares.
The pyramiding of the tax in some
States says Mr.. Henry, while other
States hold to comparatively low
rate is a good example of the unscien-
tific methods of motor vehicle taxa
ton to which the automobile owners
OF the country are subjected.
There are II States and the Dis
trict of Columbia levying a tax of 2
cents a gallon. This Is the nearest
approach to uniformity in taxation,
but It Is far from what Is desired
The tax varies widely in other States
and undergc4s frequent revisions.
Three States impose a tax of l cent
a gallon, while there are 13 taxing at
the rate Of cents. One State has
21a cent tax, two tax 31a cents, three
tax 4 cents. while one, South Caro-
lima, goes the limit at 5 cents.
Evening star., 1925-12-13
Oil May Be Saved by Keeping Radiator
As Hot as Possible Without Boiling

A considerable quantity Of automo-
bile engine oil can be saved by proper
operation Of the radiator, according to
Science Service, which outlines the
following explanation of research on
this motoring problem conducted by
the Bureau of Standards:
II the radiator of an engine Is too
cold the water circulation around the
cylinders makes some of the gasoline
condense and mix with the lubricating
oil. Soon the oil is 50 diluted that it
must be thrown away. To prevent
this difficulty the radiator water
should be run as hot as possible with
out boiling; especially it is important
to warm up the engine quickly when
starting In cold weather.
But, with alcohol In the radiator to
Evening star., 1925-12-13
THE OLD MECHANIC SAYS:

handle and when the drivers pep is
below par the car is bound to seem
troublesome.
How is clutch goin' to seem easy
to press out when you've been out all
hours the night before?
How can a car seem to ride easy
when its driver ought to be home
asleep in a feather bed?
How is an engine goin' to seem to
have pep on hills when the driver is
tryin' to make the last so miles go by
without seemin' like a couple Of
hours of drivin'?
II a car is driven for too long a
stretch the driver is bound to become
conscious of the noise of the tappets.
He will hear things he wouldn't hear
If he was feelin' more kindly disposed
toward the world. He even becomes
conscious of the condition of the road
and thinks the car isn't ridin SO well.
When things like this happen he
needs a bed not Il repairer.
Evening star., 1925-12-13
Many Points Overlooked.

one view Of the matter develops the
point that perhaps neither car buyer
nor car seller really appreciates the eS-
Sential difference between cash and de
ferred payments. Much light is shed
on this point by an analysis of auto
mobile financing hy finance Corpo-
ration which lists IL principal items in
the cost of financing.
The average car buyer realizes if
some one lends him the money with
which TO purchase car he, the buyer,
must pay interest on this loan. But
IA other points appear to he overlook
ed. Whether the automobile dealer
uses his own funds or service to
finance customers cars, resorts to his
bank or places the whole matter in the
hands of an experienced finance com
pany. the same II other expenses are
involved in one form or another. In
order to move the money from the
Golfers of the money lender to the
treasury of the dealer much banking
detail is involved. MOTTO mention office
expenses In the handling of accounts,
collections. credits Investigations and
legal expenses.
All the important finance corpora
tions buy credit inSura nee or at least
set up reserves in anticipation of un-
precedented losses, and the auto
mobile dealer VINO does ms own
financing has to do the same or
eventually fail. Another feature
which car buyers do not consider is
The expense of repossessing cars which
are taken away from buyers who de-
fault in their payments.
Repossessed cars have to be repair
ed garaged. advertised and sold
frequently for less than the finance
Company's equity. This entails a
large overhead. Then there are what
the finance companies know as losses
by conversion, by defaults on cars
that have been wrecked and by the in
fervention of d third party. Then the
natural losses have TO he insured
against.
1t may come as a shock to the man
who purcha SeS cars out of income to
know that he has to pay his share of
all this expense, plus an extra expense
representing profit to the finance COM
pany. And in all financing arrange
mentS the matter of service plays an
important role. The finance company
Evening star., 1925-12-13
new RECORDS SET
IN AUTO INDUSTRY
More Cars Produced and Sold Dur.
ing November Than
Year Ago.

The automobile industry establish
ed a new November record, according
to shipping reports filed with the Ma
tional Automobile Chamber Of Com
merce. Cars and trucks manufactured
last month totaled 1890, it was esti-
mated from the reports.
The 11-month total for this year is
3,997,954. exceeding the record total
Of II months in 1923 by sc per cent,
and assuring the year 1925 as the
largest in the history of the business.
The total to date is 161a per cent
higher than the same period Of 1924,
which was the second largest year in
the automobile business.
Sales were proportionately large,
it is stated. November was So per
cent over the same month a year
ago, which, in the opinion of the
motor trade. is due to the low prices
now obtaining.
Evening star., 1925-12-13

prevent freezing during cold weather,
the driver is limited as to how hot he
may run the cooling system without
danger of losing his anti-freeze ma
terial- Every one knows how danger
Gus 1t is to boil out the alcohol during
a warm spell in the Winter, because
the cold wave which follows a freeze
up is likely to occur. with the usual
disastrous radiator leaks or cracked
cylinder block. The latest proposal
TO get rid of these troubles is to use
an anti-freeze material which boils at
a higher temperature than water. Nu-
merous such materials have been sug
gested and certain of these have been
tried out with complete success by
commercial fleets Of trucks. The two
most widely recommended materials
are glycerin and ethylene glycoL
Evening star., 1925-12-13
DECEMBER DON'TS

When the car comes In out of the
cold and the glass windows suddenly
cover with mist. don't make the mis-
take of deciding that it's a good time
to rub dry the glass, cleaning it stimuli
taneously. Use water for that job
The mist may give enough moisture.
but keep in mind that If you rub the
glass dry you're also rubbing in a lot
of gritty dust, which should be gently
washed off first.
Don't drive in the ruts. It simply
means that you're helping to make
the road impossible through cutting
the ruts to a point where q car can't
get out of them at all.
Don't forget that the engine should
be accelerated more than Is customary
when letting in the clutch and driving
away from a point where the car has
stood in the ice and snow for some
time. The tires will tend to stick,
thus encouraging q stall.
Evening star., 1925-12-13
TIRES MOVE HEADLIGHTS.

Tires, particularly balloons. play an
important part in headlight glare. Un-
less the front end of a car is held
down by a suitable shock absorbing
device. and by one that is properly
adjusted, the headlights will bob up
and down in unison with the car.
The effect is the same as though the
headlights were tilted back so as to
shoot into the air and into the eyes
of oncoming drivers
Evening star., 1925-12-13
Ancient Car Does
Is Miles an Hour
To Win Speed Dash

Twenty-three years old and still
going.
Three cars from the early days Of
which answered this deScrip-
ton, We're entered in a unique race
held recently near Los Angeles. 1t
was a battle from the start, and, when
the dust had cleared, the victor's re-
ward went to a 1902 Oldsmobile.
During the race Of the old-timers
the Olds at times attained the speed"
of Is miles an hour.
Evening star., 1925-12-13
Price Drop Helps.

\ whole car, under present price
conditions. is priced at not much more
than the first payment on the average
car few years ago. This enables the
average buyer to get by without any
outside financing in many cases.
though the natural desire to buy Il
more expensive car each time
change is made counteractS this to
certain degree.
One of the finance companies In
arguing for higher rates as a means
to better financing service says the
car buyer scarcely notices the differ.
ence between a quotation of 1908 down
and S51 a month as against $500
down and $50 month. But the argu-
ment covers another point equally
well. 1t means that as yet the aver
age buyer of cars hasn't discovered
what it costs to buy out OF income.
There are some who believe car buy
ing will either revert to a cash basis
or swing over into a virtual rental
basis wherein the motorist never will
really own his car since he will trade
in annually and pay so much to the
finance company every month.
Motorists who are interested in this
interesting subject, however, may find
the clue to the answer in considering
the parallel situation in general mer-
chandising wherein he will find the
whole Nation making surprising prog
ress in the direction of credit as we'll
as cash business. Perhaps the
answer lies in the question, why
borrow when you can pay for it?" and
in the ability of the American car
owner to be strong enough financially
so that he Will not have to borrow.
Evening star., 1925-12-13
In GASOLINE TAXES
HELD OBSTACLE TO RECIPROCITY
A. A. A. Head Sees Difference in Rates One More
Example of Unscientiic Methods of Motor
Vehicle Taxation.

"On basis of registration and total
gas tax receipts of 10 States, which
are not resort States, the average car
used Isl gallons of gasoline for the
first six months of this year and paid
a tax of $3.02. For the same period
the average tax paid in Florida was
sll.S0. Since the tax in this State is 3
cents, the figures would indicate a
consumption of 393 gallons for each
car.
The figures. however. are mislead-
ing The difference between the taxes
paid in any Of the 10 non-resort States
and in Florida is largely the amount
of taxes exacted from tourists. Yet
the Florida motor tourist can travel
through Illinois. New York. New Jer-
sey and Massachusetts without paying
a penny for the use of the roads. The
same is true in comparing other
States.
Rhode Island Differs.
Rhode Island is good example Of
the wide variations in taxes and taxa
ton methods. Automobiles registered
in the smallest State in the Union to-
tai s9,247. yet. despite a tax Of cent a
gallon. tax receipts were only S45. .S4s.
This is only 81 cents for each car.
What is the answer? Does the Rhode
Island motorist buy only 102 gallons of
gas a year or is he buying his gasoline
in Massachusetts,, where IL is tax free?
Whether the gas tax is right or
wrong, it is obvious that variation IN
the tax rate automatically defeats the
principles Of reciprocity. If South
Carolina levies a tax on the Pennsyl-
vania motorist of cents on every gal
Ion and Pennsylvania asks only 2
cents from the South Carolina motor
list for every gallon of gas he pur-
chases, there can be no reciprocity be-
tween the two States.
1T must be apparent that the pres
ent state of affairs Is leading to un-
necessary complications by tend
ing to throw up barriers between
States and is multiplying attempts to
bring about reciprocity
Evening star., 1925-12-13
Emergency Brake Advice.

Never look down at the emergency
brake when setting it after parking.
Frequently the car will roll forward
or backward while switching from
the service to the emergency brake,
and If the operator is not looking out
Of the car he may not detect it.
Evening star., 1925-12-13
Repair of Roof Leaks,

Leaks in the roofs of cars can be re-
paired effectively by the application
of a roof paint which consists Of a
combination of asphaltum and ashes.
tos. This paint may be procured at
local paint stores.
Evening star., 1925-12-13

The new Denver, Colo, traffic code
provides that motorists on first con-
victon may be fined from $40 to 5000
and sentenced to from 1 to 80 days in
Jail.
Evening star., 1925-12-13

IT is estimated that the automobiles
nf, the United States have seating
capacity of 7O.0OO,Ooo. or 80 times the
seating capacity Of railroad cars.
Evening star., 1925-12-13
CASH PURCHASE OF AUTO
MAY REGAIN POPULARITY
Many Think Pendulum Has Swung Far
Enough Other Way-Costliness of
Time Plan Often Overlooked.

can no more give quick and efficient
service without the car buyer paying
for it than the automobile dealer can
offer exceptional services without
charging for them.
If the man who buys his cars out
of income has to pay for all this, why
does he not go back to the simpler
and less costly method of buying cars
out of capital? In short, if the time
payment method is inefficient why not
go back to a cash basis?
1t is too early to seek definite
answer to this question, but the trend
of thought in motordom inclineS to
the opinion that the pendulum has
swung far enough in the time pay
ment direction and that the cash Gus
toner is going TO figure more con
spicuously in the very near future.
Already thousands of car owners
have found they can buy their new
cars by taking money out of savings
and then saving back that money,
monthly. out of income. The only ex
pense involved is the loss of interest
on the money taken out of savings
and invested in a car. This expense
is partly offset by interest on savings
made out of income during the first
year of the cars existence, since many
savings banks compound interest
quarterly and investments in secur-
tiles can be made to yield interes,
over short periods.
This plan of self-financinG has not
appealed to many car buyers within
recent years because many of them
either did not have sufficient capital
with which To carry out the plan or
We're reluctant to disturb their capital
for so great a venture as car owner
ship. They preferred to take their
chances with the finance company.
knowing that if the worst came to the
worst the money lenders would merely
take back the car. Also at the time
the plan of purchasing out of income
first leaped into popularity with the
rank and file of motorists the first pay
ment on the average car was quite an
investment in itself
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-06-12
BUYERS GUILTY

Continued from first page)
81 Criminal Code) reads in part:
of two or more persons con-
spire to commit any offense against
the United States, and one or more
of such parties do any act to effect
the object of the conspiracy, each of
the parties to such conspiracy shall
be fined not more than ten thousand
dollars or imprisoned not more than
two years, or both
IF an agreement by one person
to illegally sell intoxicating liquor and
by another person to buy such liquor
be made, and if, after an appreciate
interval of time, either party does
any act to effect the object in view,
it would, I think. be difficult to ad-
vance a satisfactory reason for say
ing that either party has not VIC
lated the foregoing conspiracy sta
Tute.
I'm the Federal courts (see Cam
inetti VS.. U. S. 242 U. S. 47O, 495;
Hoback VS.. U S. 2S6 Fed. 5, 81 it
is not necessary that the testimony
of an accomplice be corroborated 1t
follows that one who purchases in
toxicating liquor from a person not
authorized to SELL puts himself at
the mercy of the seller. Bootleggers
as class are not above betraying
their customers, or some of them, if
they think they can thereby secure
complete or even partial immunity
from punishment which threatens
themselves.
MY own belief is that the great
majority of the buyers of bootleg Ii
quor are resting under an illusory
and very deceptive sense of security.
My purpose in thus addressing the
bar is not only to give publicity to
the dangers which confront these
buyers of liquor, but also to ask
your aid in making the public real
ize that these dangers are not en-
tirely fanciful Were it not for the
Iawless self-indulgence of the buy
ers the unlawful manufacture. trans
portation and sale of intoxicating IL
quor would be so reduced as to be-
come almost negligible. And ii
would therefore seem advisable that
the prohibition officers shall hence
forth seek the conviction of buyers
in preference to the conviction Of
sellers Of illicit liquor"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-06-12
WHY is 1T?

Just what is necessity for the out.
rageous speed INDUCED in by motor.
lists on Woodstock's streets cannot be
fathomed by any line of common.
sense reasoning. And do not forget
it, the local autoists are the fastest
drivers. Several bad accidents have
occurred at the corner of Court and
Mushlenburg streets. That there
were no fatalities was due to luck,
not sense. And yet automobiles
thunder across this intersection at
express speed. Oh, yes; there is a
law for it. There is also a good I'M
dertaker in the town, and skilled
surgeons. For the lack of law en-
forcement a funeral or manned chill
dren will pay-sometime, somehow.
1t might be your child, too, or mine
Queer it is, the fastest drivers have
nothing else on earth to do but drive
When not stepping on the gas, they
are usually casing themselves at
some convenient point where loafing
is good. Oh, well. let's pray there
Will be no tragedies.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-06-12
MISS EMMA ROBINSON

Miss Emma Robinson, highly es-
teemed member of one of Wood
stocks oldest families, died at her
home on East Spring Street, on Sat
urday, June sixth, after a long ill
ness Miss Robinson had been a
faithful member of the Presbyterian
Church for So years, and was a reg
ular attendant at all services as long
as her health permitted. With the
exception of several years when her
parents were residents of New Mar
ket prior to the War between the
States, Miss Robinson has spent her
entire life in Woodstock.
Surviving is one sister, Miss Edith
Robinson, of Woodstock. Funeral
services were held at the Robinson
home on the corner of Spring and
Church streets, at five O'Clock Mon
day afternoon, her pastor, the Rev.
A. 0. Price, conducting the services.
and interment was made in the fam
lily lot in the Reformed Cemetery.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-06-12
Walter Willard
Woodstock Chautauqua
June 1921
MRS. ESTELLE BROWN

On Friday, June fifth, at the home
of her parents. Rev. and Mrs. l.. j.
! S. Carpenter at Patmos, Va, the gen
tie spirit of Mrs. Estelle Carpenter
Brown, wife of Robert w. Brown,
passed peacefully to the heavenly
land where sorrow and suffering are
unknown.
She had been in failing health for
many months and since Christmas
had been confined to her bed at the
home of her parents, where she was
tenderly cared for by not only her
own family, but many friends who
had learned to love her for her many
splendid traits of character, her gen
tie, kindly disposition and noble
christian womanhood.
She was baptized in early infancy
and was confirmed in the Evangelical
Lutheran Church at the age of Il.
Surviving Mrs. Brown are her hus-
band, Robert w. Brown. and one
son, Billie, six years old; four sis
tiers, Mrs. r. B. Brown, of Harris
vile, S c.; Mrs. N. K. Reid, of Con
cord, N. c.; Mrs. A. P. Cruise, OF
Charlotte. n. c.; Mrs W. S. Mingle.
of Mifflinton, Pa, and one brother.
Mrs. Karl Carpenter, of Branchville.
S. c.
Funeral services were conducted
by the Rev. R. A. Dapper, of Berg
ton, Va, at Patmos Lutheran Church
at 10 a. M, Monday, and she was
laid to rest in the cemetery adioin-
ing the church. The beautiful floral
tributes coming from both her for
mer home in North Carolina and
from friends here, were the most
beautiful ever seen in this section.
Those attending her funeral from
distance were Mrs r. b. Brown
and daughter. Marjorie. HartsviIle
S. G.; Mrs. A. P. Cruise, Charlotte. N
G.; Mr.. and Mrs. w. S. Mingle, Milf
fiinton, Pa; Mrs Ernest Sellers,
Cherryville, N. c. Mr.. and Mrs. BY
ron Brown and Mr.. William Brown
Cherryville, N. c.; Mr. Frank Sou
der and son, Mr.. Charles L. Souder.
of Bergton, Va. Mr. and Mrs. Karl
Carpenter and Mrs. N. K. Reid had
just been to the bedside of their sis
ter few days previous to her death,
and had returned to their homes and
were unable to come back for the
funeral
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-06-12
EDINBURG r. |

We surely do need rain.
Quite few attended the all-day
singing at Valley Pike, Sunday.
Miss Joe Heltzel is still confined
to her bed. Her friends are sorry
to learn of her continued illness
Misses Daisy Holar, Essie Myers
and Geneva Coffelt attended the fes.
tival Wednesday evening, at Mrs.
Ella KILLERS.
Miss Maude Moreland spent
Thursday with Miss Evelyn Coffman
Rev l.. H. Richcreek filed his
regular appointment at Wesley Cha
pei, Sunday evening. at which large
crowd was present and Ave persons
were confirmed
The Wesley Chapel Sunday School
is practicing for chiIdren's service.
which will be held the third Sunday
night at o'clock CJune 21). All are
welcome.
Mr.. Grayden Fadeley spent sun
day evening with Miss Mary RATHER
Inc Williams.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-06-12
UMBRELLA MEMBER DIES

Henry Davis, well advanced in
years, known throughout the Valley
as an umbrella member, died yester-
day morning at Memorial Hospital
Winchester, where he had been a
patient for some time. He was re-
moved thence from the parish farm,
where he was taken Ill. The funeral
is to be held tomorrow, with inter-
ment at the parish farm graveyard.
Little or nothing is known con-
corning the mans family connec-
lions. He had been making frequent
and prolonged visits to this section
for a number of years
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1925-06-12
Margaret Story
Woodstock Chautauqua
June 1921
SUPERVISORS GET

Continued from first page)
the law does not permit; therefore,
we find that Mr.. Wisman should re-
imburse the County Treasury in the
amount of the said sum of $1,000.
We find further, that according 20
the report of Mr. Ford who audited
the accounts of the Board with Mr..
Wisman. that the County actually
owed Mr.. Wisman a balance of
S5S.77, which MIR. Ford fully verifies
on the sheet showing his reconcilia-
ton of the Treasurer's account with
Mr.. Wisman's bank account as Super
visor; and we therefore recommend
that the Board of Supervisors reim-
burse Mr.. Wisman for that amount
by issuing to him Countyc Warrant
for the said sum of $5S.77.
All Of which is respectfully sub
mtted.
P. S. RHODES.
G. A. MILLER,
Committee.
June s, 1925.