davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rassvet = Dawn., 1925-05-02
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Rassvet = Dawn., 1925-05-02
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Rassvet = Dawn., 1925-05-02

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The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-28

years. They got it all fixed" once.
but a petition was circulated which
was signed generally and shelved the
proposition. They have elected their
socialist alderman regularly and this
goes to show the outside world that
Kaiser Musser of Muscatine loves his
socialists.
There are many retired farmers,
Rubber Tired" Dad Walker calls
them. living in Muscatine. The resi-.
Dental section has the appearance of
prosperity, with good houses on paved
streets. Bond issues for paving or
sewage in the working class districts
are generally defeated by the self-sat-
isfied, retired farmer.
Labor Union "Ghosts.1
THERE is a carpenters, bricklayers'
4 and street carmen's local in Mus
catine. The typographical Union,
electrical workers and BARRIERS also
have a few members. A member of
the Typographical Union writes about
two columns a week for the local cap
italist daily, which, although 1t is ap-
parently honest, lacks even a SEM
blance Of inspiration. There is an
atmosphere Of hopelessness among
the workers which gives these little
locals the appearance of ghosts. They
are the symbol Of the vanishing spirit
OF what was once the scene OF a de-
cisive battle.
Throughout Iowa. and especially in
towns like Muscatine and Marshall
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-28

plants are being placed out in the
country, where the farmer can cut
buttons for the boss two or three
days and then work on his rented or
mortgaged acres the other part of the
week. Or he may work full time dur
ing the winter months in the factory.
In this way the wages are kept down
to the lowest, the farmer having his
house and much Of his own food, will
work cheap.
ITO understand the small farmers
L situation: He is a relic Of the in
dividualistic, 'land and liberty" age.
He knows nothing OF hours, wages, or
ganization or working conditions. The
only money he ever sees is the few
dollars he gets for butter or eggs. His
other products are mortgaged and
transferred by check to the banker.
Even $500 for ten hours looks big to
him with his simple needs supplied
in great part from his land. So the
slave drivers in Muscatine are using
the peasant to beat down the prole-
tariat in the city.
kIuxers, Socialists and Rubber Tired
Farmers.
IN spite Of the small wages depriv-
Aing them Of the movies, hundreds
of the slaves and small business men
joineS the khan. The organizer got
from three to four thousand dollars
for membership fees at $1,000 each
The khan is now on the decline and
will soon be history in Muscatine. Mr.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-28
Middle Western Feudalism . s;a

Gladstine, a Jewish gentleman who
owns one of the largest dry goods
stores in town, is trying to collect
for Tot of material sold to the khan
during it's days of prosperity.
A number of the socialists, who
could not afford to pay twenty-five
cents month dues to the party, out
of their small wages dug up $1,000
to help the khan save the country.
The present mayor was elected on
the republican ticket, which was the
khan ticket. He was formerly mem
Der of the socialist party, then fiirted
with the democrats before joining the
khan and the republicans.
THE socialists have had a local in
4 South Muscatine for many years.
This suburb is about two miles out,
working class section to which no at
tention is ever paid. There is no
side-money in the job of alderman.
The socialists have wanted a sewer
system there for the past twenty
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-28

town, there is a big task before the
Workers Party and the trade union
movement. First to revive the hope
of a small militant minority and or
ganize them into the party. Then
follow this up with an intensive or
ganization drive for the labor unions,
making it a concerted, united cam
paign to sweep every worker into the
union. To overcome the power of
the feudal baron this movement must
take on the appearance, it must ae-
tually be a revolt, rebellion against
the intolerable conditions now being
imposed upon the workers.
THESE small towns are vast reser-
4 voir for scabs and strikebreakers.
They must be educated and organized,
or their 100 per cent psychology will
be used to crush the rising spirit of
the city workers everywhere. A unit
ed front for an attack on ignorance is
needed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-28

which appears to be often now. A
gross of buttons in Muscatine is 1913 at
the factory and all breakages count
against the worker.
Women make as much as some of
the men. They, too, work piece work,
sewing buttons on cards at two cents
gross.
A S soon as children get big enough
L they are forced into the factories
to add to the family wage. With the
cost of necessities high in Muscatine
the slaves cannot even afford a ten
cent movie.
american Peasants" Cut Wages.
There are many small farmers
around Muscatine. They come to
town" every Saturday and stand
around on Main Street" visiting.
They also come in during the winter
to cut buttons, or to cut ice, ten
hours a day at $225 to $3.50.
In order to reduce the workers and
farmers still further these small
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-03-28
SECOND SECTION

This magazine supple
.ment will appear every
Saturday In The Daily
Worker.
Evening star., 1925-01-22
FINGER PRINTING, TOPIC.
Expert Explains How Criminals
Unwittingly Affix Signatures.

How criminals leave their sigma
lures unwittingly on insignificant
items during their operations was
graphically illustrated tor the Opti-
mist Club at a meeting IN the City
Club yesterday by Fred Sandberg,
fingerprint expert of the Metropolitan
Police Department
With slides and illustrations. Sand
berg compared the old rogues' gal
lery and the Bertillon system of
Identifying prisoners with the more
improved finger printing methods
He showed the difficulties encountered
in attempting to pick out a prisoner
from photographs arranged without
any key classification system in the
old roRues' gallery and also dis
played the photographs of two men
with the same name who measured
virtually the same by the BertilIou
method.
No two fingerprints. however, Sand
berg said, were ever found to he
similar in all respects, and tho bur
glar touching piece of glass OF a
shiny surface with any Of his fin
gers might just as well leave his
photograph for the police TO trace
him by.
Frank Peirce presided at the meet
ing.
Evening star., 1925-01-22
BY WILL P. KENNEDY

Scarcely was the ink dry on the sig
natures TO the Declaration of lnde-
psndeuce (Which was signed about z
o ick on July 4, I776) when the
CO tinental Congress, desiring to
complete the evidences OF the In
dependence of the United States by
formally adopting an official sign of
sovereignty and national coat-ot-
arms, at o'clock on the same day
named a committee to prepare de-
vice for a seal of the United States
This committee consisted OF Dr.
Franklin, John Adams and Thomas
Jefferson, three of the five men who
had drawn up the declaration. They
called TO their assistance Eugene
Pierre Du Simitiere, West Indian
Frenchman, who lived In Philadel-
phia. and who had a reputation as
an artist and author. Papers pre-
served in the Congressional Library
show the original drawing made for
this committee, which reported on
August 90. But this report was not
acted upon, and for four years the
United States existed without coat
of arms and Congress did business
without an official seal
Committee Appointed.
The American Minister to France,
SfIas Deane, complained of the in
formality and impropriety of the rep
resentatives of a sovereign nation be-
ing without a seal with which to
authenticate official acts. 4 COM
mittee of Congress of which william
Enery of Rhode Island was chairman,
| urged Congress TO act upon the oe-
vice for a public seal, but it was not
until March 20, 1850, that the report
was taken up. Then another commit
tee composed of James Lowell OF
Massachusetts. John NORM Scott of
Virginia and William c. Houston of
New Jersey was appointed.
Lowell was BOSTON school teacher
a Harvard graduate, and had oeen
imprisoned by the British after the
battle OF 2----4zer Hill, but later ex-
changed. He entered Congress and
was chairman of the foreign affairs
committee. But the report OF this
committee met the same fate as that
of DR. F'ranklins committee. 1t Is
important, however, because II shows
for the first time the use of the
constellation of 13 stars, the shield
and the red and white stripes (from
the flag adopted on June IA. 117D
and the olive branch as an emblem
of peace.
Nothing further was done until
Nav. 1882. when Arthur Middleton of
South Carolina, Elias Boudinot of
New Jersey and Edward Rutledge of
South Carolina were appointed a
committee to design q seal They
called in William Barton of Phila-
delphia, who with Charles Thomson
secretary of the Congress, to whom
Congress had turned over the report
Of this committee with the Barton
design, worked out the first design
approved by Congress and cut as the
great seal of the United States.
Seal Work of Three.
The distinction of producing the
arms cannot justly be accorded to
either, but belongs wholly to both
Barton and Thomson. with the larger
share of the credit to Secretary
Thomson.
This seal was adopted on June 20.
1852
The different features of the seal
had all been in common use in Amer
|
Evening star., 1925-01-22

countersigned by Charles Thomson,
secretary-the seal being affixed in
the upper. left-hand corner instead of
the lower left-hand corner, as is now
the custom.
This, the first great seal to be made,
continued in use for So years.
When the Congress, under the Ar
ticles of Confederation, ceased to
exist, and the new Government went
into operation, Charles Thomson con-
tinued in charge of the great seal
until relieved of that duty by Presi-
dent Washington on July "a, 1888.
who directed him to turn the seal and
records into the custody of Roger
Alden until the Department of State
was created and the Secretary of
State was named as official custodian n
of the great seal.
Discards Old Seal
When Daniel Webster was Secre-
tary of State that Department, in
1S41, discarded the seal of 1882, and
without authority from Congress hao
a die cut by Edward Stabler of Sandy
Spring, Md, where he was post
master. This is known as "the un-
official seal"
Theodore +. Frelinghuysen, when
Secretary of State, in 1883, took the
matter up with Congress, which, on
July Z, 1884, authorized a new seal
1t was then determined not to cut
the reverse, which had been pre-
scribed as a part of the seal by the
act OF 1882, bus went unnoticed Again
the act Of September Is. 1889, con-
tinued the seal as prescribed in 1882,
but no effort was then made to de-
sign or cut the reverse. When the
seal of 1841 was made the reverse
Evening star., 1925-01-22
SUIT AGAINST MELLON
AND BLAIR DISMISSED
aEz&nia Couples Effort to Get
RSN to Joint Tax Return
Is Futile

Justice Stafford of the Supreme
CouX of the District of Columbia YES
terd&y dismissed the suit for manda-
muf brought by George F. Guy and
his Sife, Carrie Guy Of Los Angeles,
Calf, against Andrew w. Mellon,
SECRETARY of the Treasury, and David
H. Blair, internal revenue commits
sioner The petitioners sought to
have the court compel the Govern
ment officials to amend the income
tax regulations so as to include Cali
fornia among the States having com
munity property laws and permitting
husbands and wives to make separate
returns on half of the total income.
While no opinion was rendered by
the justice, il is understood that he
took the position of Assistant United
States Attorney West and Assistant
Attorney General Hendler that the
suit was in effect an attempt to pre-
vent a tax collection and that man
damus was not the proper proceeding
because of the existence of other ade-
quate remedy.
The petitioners noted an appeal to
the District Court of Appeals
Evening star., 1925-01-22

lea. In the North Carolina paper
currency of 1775 appeared a bundle
of 13 arrows; in the Maryland cur
rency of the same year appeared a
hand grasping an olive branch with
1S leaves: on a $50 bill issued in 1878
is an unfinished pyramid with the
motto. "Perennis"; on the Massachu-
setts copper penny of 1916 are 13
stars, surrounding an eagle; the flag
had the 13 stripes and so had the
seal of the board of admiralty, adopt
ed May 4, 1880.
Soon after the seal was adopted the
diverse was cut in brass, but the
Identity of the engraver is unknown.
1t was intended to be impressed in
wax over a paper wafer, and is found
on commission dated September 16,
1882, granting full power and au-
thority to Gen. Washington to ar
range with the British for exchange
of prisoners of war. This commission
is signed by John Hanson of Mary
land, President of Congress. and
Evening star., 1925-01-22
CURTIS COMPANY SUED
FOR LlQUOR-SALE STORY
Government Vendor in Vancouver
Acts on Ladies' Home Journal
Article.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
VANCOUVER, British Columbi ia
January 22.-In a writ issued in Su-
preme Court yesterday on behalf of
Alexander G. Dickson, vendor of a
provincial government liquor store
here. damages are claimed from A.
b. Macdonald, writer. of Kansas City,
the Curtis Publishing Co, Philadel-
phia, and r. H. Best, Vancouver
agent for the company, in conse-
quence of story alleged to have
been written about the liquor store
under his charge. which Is said TO
have been published in the Ladies
Home Journal.
In what the plaintiff alleges is a
highly colored and imaginative pic
ture OF actual conditions. the writer
Is said to have depicted boys and
girls standing on tiptoe to reach the
top of the bar for their bottles. This
insinuates that he was breaking the
law, because he IS not permitted TO
sell liquor to anybody under 81 years
OF age, the vendor asserts.