Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-12-12

Nationalism in Turkey announces
in advance of any action by the coun
Gil of the League of Nations that 1t
will never acquiesce one inch in the
award to Great Britain of its claimed
territory of MoSul.
The Permanent Court of lnterna'
tional Justice, to which the leagus
council had referred the interpreta'
ton of the Lausanne treaty as to the
right of the council to define the
boundary between Turkey and the
Kingdom of Iraq (Which includes
MosuD. has rendered its decision un-
Qualifiedly in favor of such authority
of the council. While the council has
not vet taken action, Turkey persists
in denying It's right to intervene, and
threatens armed resistance.
With France making war on the
Syrians south of Turkey, and with
Reza Khan overturning the dynasty
of Ahmed Kedjar in Persia on the
east, the prospect of an outbreak of
war in Turkey IS appalling to would
be refugees from zones of terror. 1t
is reported that the Turks have re
Gently deported thousands of Chris
tians from Mosul villages, with Gus
tomary cruelty TO women, and whole
sale pillaginG. Hundreds have died
from starvation and exposure.
X X
II will be recalled that at the close
of the World War the allies invited
the United States to take a mandate
over Turkey, or, at least, over AT
menia, which was part of the Turk
ish empire. Our Senate refused the
mandate in spite of Gen. Harbord' S
official report that the United States
mandate. if extended over all of Asia
Minor, would do much to stabilize
that part of the world" Congress in.
corporated the Near East Relief,
whose mission is to care for the refu
gees and victims of that region. The
Near East Relief reports that, not
understanding it's aid with many mil
lions of dollars for provisions and
clothing, 1000 children are wan
dering city streets uncared for and
destitute Mandates were given by
the League Of Nations to Great Brit
ain over Palestine and Mesopotamia
and to France over Syria.
In May, 1919, Greek army of oc'
cupation was landed in Smyrna by
direction of the allies, as 1t had been
agreed that Smyrna should be given
to Greece That invasion was the
signal for a great outburst of Turk,
ish nationalism, and the Greeks were
routed with terrible losses. Follow
ing that victory, Mustapha Renal
Pasha and his Nationalist followers
declared their resistance to the ut
most against further interference by
foreign powers in Turkish internal
affairs. In July Of that year a Turk
ish conference at Ezeroum declared
that the eastern vilayets (states),
claimed by the British under their
mandate, belonged as an integral part
of Turkey and would be defended as
such. A larger conference, held at
Sivas, in September. reiterated the
claim, and added that the Turks
would never surrender one inch north
of a line drawn from the southern
boundary of Mosul to Alexandretta.
In October. 1919, the Sultan, living
at the capital. Constantinople. author
lied the holding of a parliamentary
election, the result of which was an
overwhelming victory for the Ma.
tionalists who were pledged to carry
out the Ezeroum and silva declara.
tions. Mustafa kemal Pasha, the
leader of the Nationalists. made head
quarters at Angora. I'm January
1920, the Parliament met in Angora
for fear of the British who were in
military possession of Constantinople,
but later Parliament removed to Con.
stantinople, assured Of recognition by
the allies. 1t stood firmly for the