davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Seed Treatment
to Prevent Smut
Powdered Copper Carbonate
Can Be Applied by the
Farmer at Any Time.

A method of seed treatment to pre-
vent hunt or sinking smut in wheat
where the fungicide is applied dry has
been found which not only permits
the treating of the seed dry, but at
the same time does not destroy any Of
the viability Of seed. It also prevents
Infection of the seed in the soil. This
method enables the farmer to treat his
seed wheat during slack time and
have it ready when needed. The fun
gicide used is powdered copper car
Donate.
Fairly Pure Material.
Copper carbonate used should be
fairly pure containing more than 80
per cent copper. It is a fine dry pow
der, light green in color, never blue
unless impure 1t Is not soluble In
water so does not get sticky when on
grain in storage. 1t should be very
nne, 80 per cent should pass through
200-mesh screen.
This powdered copper carbonate Is
busted on tho wheat seed Being
very fine dust 1t adheres to the seed,
giving thin coating of the fungicide
that prevents infection from the smut
or other fungus. Treatment at the
rate Of two ounces of good copper car
Donate to tho bushel of clean seed
gives immunity. A heaping tablespoon
of copper carbonate weighs approx
mately one ounce There are machines
available on the market or homemade
contrivances can be used.
Treat Seed In Open.
When treating seed with this meth
cd 1t should be done in the open, or
the operator should wear dust mask
or wet sponge over his mouth and
nose, as the copper carbonate dust
will cause nausea If it gets into the
throat.
Seed treated with copper carbonate
can be stored after treating The
dust does not absorb water, nor does
It injure the seed. Seed so treated
is not swelled and no allowance
needs to be made at drilling time for
swelling. In fact, due to Increased
viability caused by this treatment, less
seed than normal should be used
Waldo Kidder, Extension Agronomist,
Colorado Agricultural College.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03

Much Importance should be attached
to the feeding and care of a COW i'm.
mediately after calving, Morrison be-.
lieves. He advocates putting a blan-
ket over the cow as soon as she has
calved If cold or dampness endanger
her. Give the cow a pail Of warm
water and at the first feeding time
after the calf Is torn and the COW has
recovered from the strain and excite
ment Of calving, feed Of five or six
quarts Of whole oats, or oats and
wheat bran which has been allowed
to stand covered for half an hour in
hot water should be given. A hot
bran mash containing pint Of linseed
meal could be substituted for the oats
and bran If oats are not available
Morrison suggests offering the COW
some hay, but insists that it should
not be left before her If she does not
care fer 1t.
Watch for MIX Fever.
The hot scalded feed of oats and
bran or bran mash will be stimulating
and an aid to the COW in passing the
after-birth. If it does not pass inside
of 48 hours, an experienced herdsman
or veterinarian should remove 1t.
If there are any evidences of milk
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
When to Fatten Turkeys

During the summer and early fall
turkeys can find an abundance Of feed
on the average farm. About October
l, 1t is advisable to begin fattening
them for market, giving only little
feed at first and gradually increasing
this until the birds are marketed. The
marketing season for turkeys is very
short, running only from the middle
of November to the latter part of De
cember.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Chicken Mites Numerous
During the Hot Season

The summer time brings with it our
greatest trouble with chicken mites.
II they once get start it is usually
a long fight to get the best of them.
They can be prevented in getting
start, however, with regular spraying
Of the poultry house once a week. Any
good contact sprays such as the various
sheep dips, crude oil, a mixture of
carbolic acid and kerosene, or any of
the coal tar products are good. The
solution you buy In the can is usually
designated as stock solution. In MAX
ing up spray mixture for mites per
cent or three parts of this stock solu-
ton is used to 81 per cent or 81 parts
OF water. This strength is sufficient
to keep down mites. If the mites once
get start 1t may be necessary to use
as strong as 10 per cent solution.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
kRh kcTSle

Every weed steals water that is
needed for crops. XIII the robbers.
In one year eggs and chickens worth
$1,O47, 323,170 were produced in the
United States.
Mixed carloads Of fruit are hard TO
sell on the f. O. b. basis. The trade
terms them Junk" or "drug store"
cars, and is slow to bid on them.
Good buttermilk or skim milk is
worth five cents per gallon for poultry
feed. Keep the dry mash before the
hens In open hoppers all the time.
In many sections sweet clover Is be-
ing seeded for soil building purposes
and In most cases limestone is being
applied to the soil In preparation for
the clover.
The average cost of the corn crop.
on 1888 farms, according to a De-
partment of Agriculture survey, was
80 cents bushel, compared with a
sale value Of $1.10 bushel.
Grimm alfalfa Is generally recognized
as harder and superior to most COM
mon varieties of alfalfa, although a
few farmers have secured equally good
stands and satisfactory yields from
the common alfalfa.
Soy beans should be cut for hay
when the beans In the largest pods
appear about half grown. One sue
cessful grower says that they should
be cut when the pods are yet slightly
green and the beans beginning to get
hard.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Red Mites Disposed of
With Very Little Work

The common red mites which often
infest the hen house and kill or stunt
chickens may be disposed of effective
~ with little labor. These sugges-
tions are offered by the poultry extern
sion men at Iowa State college.
1. Clean up the filth around the hen
mousse, ventilate thoroughly and let
plenty of sunshine into the house.
2. Construct removable roosts and
dropping boards, allowing ss few
cracks as possible.
g. Paint or spray the roosts, walls
around the roosts, dropping boards and
nests with full-strength solution Of
two parts oil to one part stock dip. or
five gallons lime sulphur to 40 gallons
of water. Applications should be made
four to six times in spring, summer
and fall, and in pairs, one following
the other in five or six days.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Starting Team With Big
Load Is Not Difficult

To the driver who would start his
heavily loaded team here is a bit Of
excellent advice from the Horse Asso-
citation Of America:
The driver must hold his lines taut
Experience has shown that nearly all
drivers get excited and push ON the
lines, thereby virtually turning the
horses loose at the very moment that
they need to be steadied by moder-
ate pressure on the bit.
Whipping Is worse than useless.
The experience of practical teamsters
proves conclusively that no pair of
horses can or will exert their best
efforts when fearful that they are
about to be whipped. Fear interferes
with the deliberate, careful placing Of
feet and legs.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Different Kinds of Food
When Hen Is Confined

When tie hen is confined to the poul-
try. house and its immediate surround
lngs, perhaps small yard, the only
way that she can make eggs Is to re-
ceive from the caretaker the various
different kinds of food that she would
obtain on free range in summer. or
their equivalents. On most farms there
Us a reasonably good variety Of grains,
Including corn, wheat, oats and bar
ley, and these form sufficient variety
so far as they are concerned. In adj
dition there should be ground grains,
Including wheat, bran and cornmeaI. to
use in dry or damp mashes. To take
the place Of the bugs and worms of the
summer season beef scraps, such as
are furnished by dealers in poultry
supplies, or cut fresh bone should be
given.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
BUYING FEED EARLY
SAVES FARM MONEY

When to buy the winters supply of
mill feeds for the cattle is a problem
which many farmers face. Then, too,
the problem of storing the feed on the
farm enters into the case in deciding
upon the proper time to buy the feed.
No definite answer can be given to
the question when can / buy feed
most proftably" according to w. B.
Griem, in charge of the Wisconsin
feed inspection service.
Griem has found that a study of
the comparative summer and winter
prices Of wheat bran and oil meal,
our most widely used concentrates,
may be helpful in answering this ques-
ton. A table Of such prices for wheat
bran shows an average advance Of
more than five dollars ton.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Seed Corn Pointers
for Improving Crop
Best to Make Selections
From Vigorous Stalks.

If you wish to keep your corn in O
constant state of Improvement, the
thing to do Is to select for vigor with
out close attention for score card type.
That is the new word, based on
years Of careful study and experiment
at the Minnesota experiment station.
University farm, ST. Paul.
For several years the Minnesota
experiment station has carried on ac-
tivities designed to encourage the Sc
lection Of seed corn from the standing
stalks in the field before frost time
in the fall. The idea was to get early
maturing corn from vigorous plants.
But now comes HI. X. Hayes, plant
breeder of the division of agronomy
and farm management with new bull
letin, No. 210 of the Minnesota expert
ment station series, methods of Corn
Breeding which among other things
says:
Corn should be selected from per-
fect-stand hills and from vigorous
healthy stalks. Plants which are
green when the ear approaches ma
turity insure normal maturity of the
ear.
S'Close selection for ear type leads
to reduction In yielding ability. For
this reason no close selection for ear
type should be made"
This is no very striking change Of
viewpoint, except that too much en-
phasis has been placed on score card
ear type and not enough on vigor. Mr..
Hayes experiments indicate clearly
that vigor has first claim on the seed
Selecter's attention.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
ARTIFICIAL WEATHER
AIDS DISEASE STUDY

Louisiana or Alaska weather can be
had as desired in the greenhouses at
the University OF Wisconsin. This
range in temperature Is needed in
order to study plant diseases success
fully.
At present the equipment is used
In particular with the study of potato
mosaic. For years the disease known
as potato mosaic has materially re-
duced the yield of potatoes. 1t causes
the leaves to curl and thereby reduces
the amount of plant food which can
be manufactured to grow potatoes.
Formerly it was thought that a dis
ease organism could attack plant
regardless of the soil or air temper
allure in which the plant lived. Scien-
lists at the college finally hit upon the
Idea that these factors might enter
into the cause Of the disease. Favor
able temperature and moisture, they
thought, might aid the disease organ
ism in gaining foothold on the plant.
Now by a turn Of valve, hot, mod
crate, or cool temperature can be pro-
duced In both soil and air.
Through the study Of diseases with
this apparatus, many problems have
been solved. Today the world Is
watching eagerly for the outcome of
experiments at the Wisconsin station
on this battling disease of potatoes
known as mosaic" Our seed bust.
ness In the South has been threat.
ened for our seed potatoes invariably
develop mosaic when grown In the
South, says James Johnson who is
in charge of the work. Even though
the parent stock failed to develop
mosaic in the North because Of the
cool weather the seed stock neverthe-
less carries the disease.
But the experiment station has
found a way out. The seed stock of
our best Wisconsin fields is brought to
the university, and representative
tubers are taken from each lot. A
single eye is removed from each DO
tato and planted in the temperature
controlled greenhouse. Here the hot
and humid temperature of the South
is produced, and If any disease turks
in the tuber selected it is sure to
show itself.
BY "indexing" the tubers this wav
in the greenhouse the quality of the
seed stock can be checked. 1t is thus
possible to breed out traces of disease.
1t has long been said, "By their fruits
We shall know them; a modern YER
sion might be: "By their eyes shall
they be known"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
To Make Silage Out
of Soft Corn Crop
Chop Fine and Pack Tightly
Is Plan Urged.

There Is lack of silO room In many
places for the whole corn crop should
it be frosted or immature. Because
the ears are the most valuable part
they should be saved In any event. 1t
Is difficult to save the ears of soft
corn crop by storage in cribs. In 1917
the Iowa experiment station demon
strated that soft ears in the late roast
ing stage could be husked, run
through a silage cutter, and tightly
packed into silos with very good re-
suits. The silage resulting after II
days of fermentation was Of surpris-
ingly good quality and held its flavor
SO well that at the end of two months
1t was in excellent feeding condition.
Silage can be made in ten or twelve
days and will probably be ready to
feed two weeks after filling.
1T is not necessary to husk the
corn in order to make soft-ear silage,"
says Andrew Boss of University Farm,
st. PAU, MINI. Snapped corn can
he handled just as satisfactorily as
the husked corn and the husks give
the advantage Of greater bulk and adj
ditional feed.
"The Iowa station urges chopping
the corn finely in making ear-corn ST.
lage and packing it tightly in the silo
by tramping, especially near the walls.
Silage made from ears that are par
TALLY matured may require the addi-
ton of water to insure proper packing
and prevent overheating and molding
In the Safeguarding process. Silage
made from ear corn should be covered
with layer of finely cut corn fodder
or stover. If such a cover is not pro-
vided there will be too much waste
of valuable corn. 1t is not advisable
to make silage of mature or nearly
mature corn. The cobs prevent pack
ing and they do not contain sufficient
sugar to permit the fermentation
which Is necessary for preservation.
Ear corr silage should be fed as
concentrate, not as a roughage."
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Bees in Orchard
Most Profitable
Under Modern Methods of
Handling Insects Are
Not Bothersome.

Orchardlsts think kindly Of the low
~ honey bee. There is very COM
mon saying among experienced or
chardists which sums the matter up
In a few words. 1t is: mo bees, no
fruit" The failure OF orchards in
certain parts of the country, the in
. different fruiting which is often
blamed on the season, might very of
ten be traced to the absence of bees.
1t does not make much difference, so
far as the orchard Is concerned,
whether 1t is tame bees or wild bees
that perform natures method of fer
tilization of the bloom. 1t does, how
ever, make some difference to the or
chard owner in that tame bees will
give him yield of honey and sure
polarization without the consumption
of extra ground The same land can
be made to yield two crops just as
well as one.
Orchard Failures.
The dlscontinuance of the keeping
of tame bees on many farms, and the
additional destruction and disappear
ance of the wild bees in the surround
ing woods have all had their hand
in the so-called failure OF orchards"
Bees are one of the most profitable
side lines which the farmer can carry.
He can well afford to consider their
possibilities, not only for their own
sake but for the sake Of the orchard.
Under modern methods Of handling
bees. they are not half the bother and
the trouble that they used to be.
Swarming, the old-time bugaboo of
the beekeeper, has been practically
eliminated, because we have learned
its cause and by practicing precau-
tionary methods, by getting ready in
advance fer the fun bees can be
hived in a very few minutes. Indeed,
beekeepers now have ways Of prevent
ing swarming if they so desire.
Modern Appliances.
Modern appliances such as hives,
supers and the uniform pound frames
all aid in encouraging the modern bee
to produce more than his earlier an
cestors did. Ten to twenty pounds per
hive used to be a fair average pro-
uuSLlOh LII Oue SSdSOH HOW II 10 uOI
uncommon for Iowa beekeepers to re-
ceive as much as 200 pounds of honey
from one hive In a favorable season.
An average Of 40 to 80 pounds can be
had from each hive under ordinary
conditions per season. so Iowa bee
keepers report.
The finest quality honey comes from
white clover, alsike clover and sweet
clover, 1t is clear and golden. Buck
wheat is often desirable late feeding
ground for bees, but it falls short Of
premium prices on the market because
it is darker in color and little ranker
In flavor.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03

fever, indicated by nervous, weak
ened condition, with a tendency for the
cow to wobble and lie down, a vet
erinarian or some one experienced in
treating this difficulty should be called
Milk fever is not serious If treated
properly in the early stages of it's de-
velopment. An outfit for pumping air
into the udder can be secured by
every dairyman and serves for treat
ing cases Of milk fever.
Feed sparingly of grain and other
concentrates for few days and as
the milk flow tends to increase, grad
ually increase the amount. Twenty
four hours after calving, depending
on the condition of the COW, two to
three pounds of light, cooling con.
centrate mixture may be fed safely
This mixture may be rs parts bran,
so parts oats and % parts hominy.
Fifteen parts Of linseed meal may be
substituted for the hominy. After two
to four days gradually change to the
regular herd concentrate mixture,
Morrison advises.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
DRY PERIOD FEEDING
AIDS WINTER RECORD
Expert Advises Feeding Dry
Cows Conditioning
Ration Now.

The seasons record In milk and fat
production Is made in no small part
during the previous dry period, hence
proper care and feeding of the cow
during this period is important.
A ration of equal parts OF corn
meal, wheat Iran, ground oats and
linseed meal is excellent for condition
ing dry cows, reports f. B. Morrison,
feeding authority at the Wisconsin
College Of Agriculture. Dry cows Of
mature age and in good condition re-
quire feed only for maintaining their
bodies and for building the unborn
calf.
Morrison Is confident that 1t is to
the advantage of the owner, however,
to improve the condition of dry cows
by supplying them with additional
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
FarnlE-L.NI1,]tf'..

Deep cultivation of cabbage cuts too
many roots.
Carrots, cabbage and sprouted oats
help make strong chicks.
It is more important for the farmer
TO keep his eye on cost of production
than on the market.
A sweet clover crop pIowed under
will add from Is to 25 bushels of corn
per acre the following year.
Mites and lice seem to enjoy hot
weather, for this is the season when
they thrive best and multiply most
rapidly.
Sweet clover is perhaps more rapid
soil builder than alfalfa but the for
mer, In addition to improving the soil,
makes the best hay crop that can be
grown.
Alfalfa paintings In western New
York last spring show that stands
without nurse crop sowed In June
after the soil had been well cult
Va led are now the best
Turkeys are great help on any
farm in keeping down insects of all
kinds. They can almost find their en-
tire living in the fields and pastures
without bothering the grain crops.
Using acid phosphate does not in
crease the lime needs of the soil; on
the other hand, liberal applications
have been found to lessen the amount
of time needed for clover and alfalfa.
Regular changing of pasture of
sheep prevents stomch worms. 1t is
not practical to feed them worm med
icine The above method is used by
practically all experienced sheep men.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Self-Feeder Saves Money

A hog is a queer critter. He will
grow fast and thrive If he knows he
can get all the food he wants, and all
the clean water he needs when he
wants it. If he doesn't get it right
then he begins to squeal and worry
and run off his flesh. The self-feeder
gives every hog all the time he needs
to fill up as often as his appetite will
permit. Being contented and peaceful
he eats and sleeps and grunts and eats
some more and grows into money.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03

The averages are weekly mill quo
tations plus So for transportation and
retail charges. In the above table the
average winter prices Of these feeds
for the last four years were higher
n every case except that the July and
August price of oil meal was slightly
higher than the winter price in 1923.
Griem urges all feed buyers to buy
feed by analysis and not by name only.
The feed inspection division of the
Wisconsin department of agriculture
lnspects the stocks Of all dealers and
the analysis is to be found on every
sack. Since the direct shipments from
feed manufacturers are not inspected
Griem urges farmers to cooperate
with the local feed dealer.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Kill Lice on Fowls

Use either sodium fiuoride or blue
ointment to get rid of lice on poultry.
OF the former 1t will require 1 pound
for each 100 hens. Use the pinch"
method, which Is to take pinch of
the powder and rub into various parts
of the body. The blue ointment is ap-
piled in similar places, being rubbed
into the skin we'll Mix the ointment
with equal parts lard and divide into
pieces the size OF a small garden pea.
Keep away from children, as it is a
poison.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Value of Limestone and
Oyster Shell for Hens

According to Maryland Bulletin PA,
"a crushing test of eggs laid by oyster
sheffield and limestone-fed hens
showed no appreciate difference In
the strength Of shell.
"There was practically no difference
in the thickness of shell of production
in the limestone pen.
"The consumption of limestone per
bird was much less than the consump-
ton of oyster shell even though there
was a greater egg production in the
limestone pen.-
"This test would indicate that lime
stone can be safely used as the sole
source of supply Of material for egg
shell making with laying hens"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Male and Female Rouen
Ducks Are Much Unlike

The Rouen duck is the most beauti-
full of all ducks, and the dark Muscovy
next handsomest. The latter are of
blue body, green back, white tail, white
band about the neck, deep red face
and yellow legs, and both sexes are
alike. But the Rouen, male and fe-
male, are distinctly unlike The duck
is bright red and brown, feathers
penciled evenly with black, red bill,
and two transverse stripes of white
and black on the wings The drake
has green head and bill, white neck
band, brown breast, blue underbody,
green back, white tail, bars of white,
black and brown On under tip of
wings, with reddish yellow feet.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1925-09-03
Cost of Screening Barn

The cost of screening the barn is
more than paid for by the increased
production. When the cows are free
from f1ies they can devote their energy
to production. If screening cannot be
done, spraying with some cheap but
effective fly repellent should precede
the milking process, whenever pos
sible. Care should be taken, however,
not TO get any of the spray into the
milk, because of the disagreeable odor
and taste 1t will impart.