davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-06-21

and many other parts of the auto
mobile are the results Of experiments
conducted on the race tracks with cars
subject to the most exacting condi
tions and the severest strains.
Springs, as we know them today. are
largely the result of racing develop
ment. The long, curved springs OF a
decade ago have given way to the
shorter and fiatter spring with fewer
leaves, providing easier and more
comfortable riding. Stronger steering
wheels and sturdier frames have been
developed as a result of experiences of
daredevil drivers on the speedways
One Of the most important lessons
taught by racing practice has been that
of proper fabrication. 1t required yeA RS
OF tests In racing to convince the
motor world of the necessity OF pres.
sure oiling to every engine bearing
The improvement in valves also can
be traced directly to the speedways.
Four.Wheel brakes were used on
racing cars ten years before they
came into popular favor for ordinary
use. Fred Duesenberg equipped front
wheel brakes for the Elgin, H., races
in 1915.
The straight-eigh the demountable
rim, the small diameter road Wheel
all came from the racing crucible.
iHus' tIle tTeTu III HlotoT TlaHuiaC-
ture in large measure Is governed by
the dictates Of the motor speedway.
Promoters of the new speedway at
Laurel predict that new speed records
will be esta blished at the forthcoming
race. They base their assertion on
the fact that this track is more heavily
pitched than any other in the country
and has been constructed so as to
eliminate the necessity of slowing
down on the curves. These higher
speeds may result in further improve.
ments of the motor car as q means
of transportation.
Evening star., 1925-06-21
PHILADELPHIA ROAD
TO BE OPENED JULY d
New Highway, Delayed by Bridge
Fight, Will Shorten Trip
to Aberdeen.

The Philadelphia road Will be
paved over its entire length in time
TO open the thoroughfare to traffic
between Baltimore and Aberdeen by
July 4, according to announcement
by John N. Mackall, Maryland State
commissioner of roads. The distance
to Aberdeen and other points north
will ba shortened by miles by the
new road. on which construction was
begun in 1921.
The highway was delayed last
year owing to disagreement over the
location Of a crossing over the Bal
timore and Ohio Railroad tracks near
Stepney, in aHrford County. Resi-.
dents of that section objected to
eliminating two grade crossings and
substituting one overhead crossing
The railroad agreed to pay half
the cost of the new overhead cross
ing. with the stipulation that the
two old crossings would be elimi-
mated. Although sections OF the new
road have been open to traffic more
than a year, the Stepney overhead
crossing was only recently COM
pleted.
Evening star., 1925-06-21
Races at Laurel Next Month
May Bring Car Improvements
Engineers and Manufacturers Look to
the Track to Show Up Defects and
Suggest Ne,c Features.

Motorists of Washington will have
an opportunity to witness remarkable
exhibitions of car performance wher
the worlds kings of speed gather al
the new Baltimore Wa shington Speed
way. near Laurel. July IL, for the
250-mile dedication run.
The automobile race track is known
In the industry IS the laboratory of the
automotive engineers and car manu-
facturers, and every important race has
resulted in improvements in the motor
car. According to automotive experts
the motor race is the most practical
labratory for testing motor and cha ssis
performance and endurance.
Notable among the improvements of
car construction resulting directly
from automobile races have been the
development of the four.wheel brakes
disc wheels, wire wheels, various types
of shock absorbers, new methods OF
ignition, oiling and better ALLEGATION
of the weight OF the machine.
Balloon tires, almost in universal
use now, We're first given a sterling
test on the race track. Four.whee,
brakes came into vogue after they had
proved invaluable TO the speed demons
travelling at a rate of more than 100
miles an hour.
Small Motors Best.
Another feature Of the development
of the motor. car directly attributab Bile
to the speedway is the development of
the small motor. 1t has been con.
clusively demonstrated in race after
race that the prize does not go always
to the giant motors. In fact, the ten.
dency in the construction Of motor
racing cars has been to decrease the
size of the motors. In 1911. Ray
Harroun won the first 500.mile In.
dianapolis classic in a six-cylinder
Marmon with piston displacement of
447.l0 cubic inches, averaging 74.59
miles an hour; in 1915. De Palma was
the winner in a four-cylinder Mer.
cedes with piston displacement Of
274 cubic inches, avera ging 1924 miles
an hour. while this year de Paolo won
the race in an eight-cylinder Duesen.
berg with piston displacement Of
l20.S0 cubic inches, averaging more
than 100 miles an hour.
Contrary to popular opinion, the
present-day racing cars are consider.
ably smaller than the average car on
the street. The motor Of de Paolo' 8
apolis and Altoona races, is two-thirds
the size Of that of Ford. 1t is pre-.
dicted in motor racing circles that
the speed cars next year will be even
smaller, with A maximum piston dis.
placement of SO cubic inches.
The elimination Of skidding, the de.
velopment of better and stronger
tires. the Improvement in drive shafts
Evening star., 1925-06-21
Speed in a Pinch
Vital to Safety
In Auto Driving

How quickly can you crank your
engine II it stalls? If you are back
ing around with the idea of turn
ing in narrow street or road, how
quickly can you get through with
the job If another car suddenly ap-
pears? If you are going uphill in
high gear and the car is running
so slowly that you could not get
out Of the way of anything quickly,
what sort of job do you make of
shifting into second? Can you shift
into second gear going downhill If
your brakes do not hold?
A little practice might show you
how unsafe your driving actually
is. A little practice might show you
how essential 1t IL to know what
to do even though you don't have
many occasions to display your
skill.
Evening star., 1925-06-21
CENTRAL AMERICA
MADE OVER BY IM-
PR0VEMENT or ROADS

Continued from Ere I'4~a.)
Evening star., 1925-06-21

go back over their favorite routes this
year.
"One important factor relating to
increased economy in 1928 touring is
there will be less actual road.building
and more reconstruction, patching and
general maintenance. The so.called
road-building program seems to pre-.
sage endless detour sirns and delays,
but it is really nothing more nor less
than gigantic maintenance program
The motor clubs Of the A. A. A.
system are accordingly working to the
end that the secondary routes be
given due prominence. The latest maps
show newer and shorter distances be-
tween points. In some instances It
was found that special interests stood
in the way Of the motorist becoming
familiar with the shorter routes, but
the wisdom of simplifying touring for
the average person and Of reducing
the mile cost of touring has rapidly
gained headway, until there are com
paratively few cases where personal
and entirely selfish interests are sue
ceeding in diverting travel that could
better go by a shorter route"
Evening star., 1925-06-21
HOW TO SAVE GASOLINE.
Reduce Friction in Transmission
for Coasting.

Friction in the average grade OF
transmission lubricant is sufficient to
cut down the free rolling-or coast
fnS--of q car as much as Is or 20
per cent. Most of this power loss,
however, occurs when the car is Just
getting under way and while the
grease in the transmission case IL
CONCEALED. One way to churn the
grease and reduce this dragging &C
ton 50 as to save little gas is to
press out the clutch, after having
started up, and allow the momentum
of the car to help. If there is q
downgrade so much the better. With
the gears in second" and the
clutch pressed out, all the gears but
one in the transmission are revolving
This quickly stirs up the sluggish
luhrica Mt
Evening star., 1925-06-21

Continued from fie.'- '4.~a.)
increased to nearly 33 1-3 per cent
just 10 years later.
The motorist rejoices in the over
whelming, Worldwide evidence Of the
value and necessity of more and bet
ter roads because he has contributed
to the cause of national progress
through good roads more than any
other class of citizen, though all
classes of citizens obviously have ben
efited
Farmers Weather.
The phrase "a network of good
roads suggests the interaction be
tween peoples as highway communi-
cation improves. For instance, not
only are foodstuffs cheaper in Santo
Domingo cities through the bringing
of new domestic markets to the agri-
cultural regions, but the farmer him
self, or the producet, receives better
prices. Mr.. Coco sounds the keynote
of the subject when he points out that
the increased purchasing power in the
world markets as result of good
roads has doubled the importation OF
motor vehicles, 1.464 cars and trucks,
valued at $l.020,971. being brought
into his country from 1870 To Jan
uary l. 1924.
AS the cars increase in number over
any nations highways social condi-
tions reach a point where everybody
wants to own a car. Small incomes
are then no longer tolerated and the
young blood of the country works
hard to better itself and double its
earning capacity. Instead of becona-
ing an end in itself, however. the au.
tomobile becomes a means to an end
Citizens find that car ownership helps
them on to higher goals.
The roads, it appears, must come
first. which explains why there is at
present an unprecedented worldwide
highway construction boom and why
progressive nations are investing in
highway communication in preparation
for an international era of motordom
which will do for the world what mo-
tordom has already done for the
United States, Canada England and
other countries.
Good roads make the nation, and
the nation will be still bigger, strong
er, and on the way to greater progress
If every one takes a hand TO make
good roads worldwide.
Evening star., 1925-06-21
LIGHTED o.. Nay HCLP.

Change Givaa Relief tcr Some En-
aine Troubles.
II you're HAVING tro"..a ,clsa the
ca,ine. h4vc "g aoaGid red ,la p-s-
sibiity of &c, ,iEg tempoI..E r9..eG
by changing The srade of oil Just
a mal:cshift. but why be troubled
now. even il the car is going to be
oVerhauled later? Loose piston pins
som times precede worn rings be-
cause Of rough handling. and where
this is the case fewer knocks are
heard if lighter oil is used A
lighter oil will splash up more read
Evening star., 1925-06-21
ons keep the piston pins

lily and thns keep the piston pins
lctf-- cilra
Len rs. V-..- .a- only prevent oil
p. pi. = gas. 're fIngs. but will
MIKE 'le C-sf lc ID a bit hotter,
thus causin@ rln p4stons to expand
70 he tr.' sr5 so. ~ c-l!nders
SO as to increase the compression.
tCopyr.ght 1925
Evening star., 1925-06-21
Shifting at IDr Speed

II YOU want 10 iearl nov 10 acceler.
ate faAt erouSh 10 get ty a street car.
learn 20 shift into second at Ave miles
an hour, instead of trying 70 run fast
IN low. And do not run faster in sec
ond than YOU know you can shift
easily TO high
Evening star., 1925-06-21

Approximately 4.200,0 passenger
cars and 100000 motor trucks are in
use on the farms in the United States
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
NO NEW CASES
SMALLPOX ARE
REPORTED HERE

No new cases of smallpox have
been reported in the county since
SATURDAY. of last week. according to
DR.. c. s. Brooks. county health Off
ccr, and il is believed that the cpl
demic, which included 90 eases in
Meloland, and five in this city, has
passed the danger point,
None of the five III Centre pa
tientg confined Mt the "pest house"
on the county farm, are in serious
condition, and from reports given to
relatives they are having an en-
joyable time, with cards, athletic
games and other amusements to pre-
vent time from passing too slowly.
All are eating well and apparently
are not in the least worried by the
disease, which has only appeared in
a mild form.
Vaccination as precautionary
measure is still recommended by
physicians, however, and those who
have not submitted TO this treat
ment, are urged TO do so.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
20 AUTO OWNERS
I'm COURT TODAY
: OVER new LAW

Twenty local automobile owners
were present in the police court this
morning for violation of the new
city ordinance governing traffic in
the business section of the city,
practically all of the offenders be
ing charged with parking their ears
more than two hours allowed by the
law.
The court assessed fines of So
against the offenders, all of whom
paid up and made a mental promise
to observe the law in the future.
The signs notifying the public
that the parking limit is two hours
were in place yesterday afternoon,
the police department having pasted
II ''2" over the "3' that formerly
governed the parking time on Main.
Fifth and Sixth streets.
1t is expected that there will be
cases of this sort in court for the
next few days, until the public be-
comes accustomed to the change
The ordinance also prohibits park
ing of ears in the alleys in the cen
ter of the city, and autoiSts who
have been in the habit of leaving
their ears in the alleys during work
ing hours, will run afoul of the law
if they persist in this course of ac-
tion.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
CHAMBER WILL
OBSERVE i. S.
MUSIC w E F K

In keeping with "National Mu-
sic Week. which is being observ-
ed Throughout the country this
week. Secretary Carmichael of the
Chamber of Commerce has arranged
. musical program for tho weekly
luncheon tomorrow.
Professor Elmer Todd will give
a talk on community music, and
will also give several piano sclec-
tions. A program of songs under
the direction of Fred Nebel-Thau
will also be Offered, and Fred has
promised to have plenty of pep and
originality on tap for the occasion.
Miss Louise Scott, who took see
ond prize ut the county oratorv con
test in Brawley last week, will give
her oration entitled "The New
South, " Professor j. l.. House prin-
cipal of the high school, having Civ
en- permission for the young lady to
appear before the business men.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
.ARL HARBOR NOT ADEQUATE
FOR PROTECTION IS DECISION
|, OF HIGH-UP NAVAL OFFICIALS

the natives large estates but they
were in turn sold TO eastern com
nanics, which leased the fishing
rights to aliens. Apparently limo
cent, on the face of present condi-
tions. parties aboard the Sampans
arc able to secure first hand know
ledge of every new activity within
Pearl Horhor. tho chiof defense link
Of tho Island cf Oahr.
Officers of lthe "hlack' or de-
scnaino forces were todav 10 begin
makin" claims in rcbuttal to
"hlue" nrotestations of victory in
the recent "war.' IT is the fourth
drv Of The sivth dnv critiore
Both the "hlres' and "hlacks :,
have overstenned the time limit Civ
short DURING the three davS con.
ference remaining. so the delibera.
tio"S NAV end on time.
Observations of co-ordinatino 0
~mpires, T. J. Stalov and Brioadier
General LEROY Eltinoe arc under.
stood tn have occupied most of yes
terdav's session.
Unification of the islands air
forces rs an outcome of the maneuv-
ers is said to be n chief topic in
the conference, although high com.
manding officers will not discuss
this phase.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
WILD SCENE AT
COUNTY JAIL AS
MAN TRIES DASH

Considerable excitement reigned
in the vicinity of the courthouse
yesterday afternoon, when Deputy
Sheriffs Evans and Dizney were
trying to place Carlos Ondarlo and
Ak,lwood Brown in the county Jail.
The men were arrested at Calexico
on vagrancy charges and had BEEN
brought TO the Jail by the deputies
in an automobile.
Upon alighting in front of the
iail. Ondarlo, who is said to be n
drug addict, made dash for liber-
". He ran around the Jail, with
Dzney in pursuit. The latter drew
his gun and fired twice into the
air, the only result being to make
the Mexican run faster. llzney
then started to shoot in earnest,
and bullet piowed up the ground
Mt Ondarlo IS feet. The latter STUN
blcd and fell, combining with the
fall n nose dive that sent HIM skid
ding under an automobile parked
between the Jail and the courthouse.
He was hauled out from beneath
the car and was covered with a
gun while he made his way into
the jail, Dizney Informing him that
any more "monkoyshimes would
mean disaster.
Evans, in the meantime, had es,
corted Brown into the Jail and both
prisoners were finally landed safe
lv inside the bars.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
new MAN WANTS
TO ELIMINATE
JOHNSON GRASS

Assurance of complete coopcra-
ton on his part to eliminate John
son grass from the Yuma Indian
reservation, was made yesterday to
Horticultural Commissioner Harri-
gan by Byron Sharp, new supern-
tendent of the reservation, as the
result of Il conference held by the
two officials.
For several years past the pres
ence of johnson grass on the reser-
walton has been Il continual source
of annoyance 10 the horticultural
commissioner office, as we'll as to
white farmers living near the reser-
vation. Efforts to get the coopera-
ton of Superintendent Odle, form
erly in charge of the reservation
proved mavailing, and the Johnson
grass was allowed to spread into
the land coming under the county s
jurisdiction.
On several occasions is has been
the subject of investigation by the
county grand jury, the last one pass
ing a resolution requesting the gov
ernment authorities to take steps to
eliminate the noXious weed.
Commiss:onc. Harrigan stated this
morning that the new sperintendent
is anxious to cooperate with the
county authorities and stated that
the Johnson grass pest will be given
immediate attention, also that he
will be glad to confer at any time
on matters coming up for discussion
between Imperial county and the
Indian reservation.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
j. S. SOUNDS WARNING TO EUROPE
WILSON TAKES
AZ MINUTES TO
ASK QUESTION
L. A. Alienists Express
Opinion Calhoun
Was Sane

Testimony of alienists introduced
by the prosecution and the defense,
has featured the trial of Jim Cal
houn in the superior court yesterday
and today. Most of the testimony
is in reply to hypothetical ques-
tions submitted by counsel, Attor-
|ney Wilson of the defense taking
the record yesterday afternoon
when he submitted a hypothetical
question requiring Al minutes to
ask, to DR.. n. n. WatsonReeves,
u prominent alienist from Los An
geles.
The question reviewed practically
all of Calhoun's lite up to the time
of his arrest in Mexico and was put
20 the witness to ascertain her opin-
ion as to whether or not Calhoun
was insane at the time of the shoot
ing She stated that while the de-
fendant might not have been in
sane, his condition was such that it
would have been difficult for him
to reason right from wrong.
DR.. Louis Weber and DIR. j. D.
Williams, also from Los Angeles,
were introduced as rebuttal witness
es by the prosecution and express
ed the opinion that Calhoun was
sane at the time of the shooting of
Jean Hudson in this city on Deeem-
Der 26, last.
! The testimony OF each alienist
was subjected to rigid cross exami-
nation by the attorneys opposing
the side by which the witness was
/ introduced.
1t was believed that the complete
testimony would be in by the time
court adjourned today, and that
arguments of counsel would be
started tomorrow, if not late this
afternoon.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
Indians Go On
Matrimonial
.Warpath

''Indians on the warpath' might
he taken as the title of an action in
Department No. , of the superior
court this morning, when the di-
vorce suit of Metapoy Pappel Ham
mOnd Sims against Pete Sims, was
heard before Judge NJ. ". Conk-
ling.
The principals in the ease are In
dams, Metapov belonging to the
Yuma tribe, and Pete hailing from
the Mohave tribe. In addition to
the principals there were several
other Indian spectators and witness
eS present in court.
Metapov claimed cruelty on the
part of Pete, but the big question
which the court was called upon to
decide was the division of eommun-
ity property. Figuring in this con-
nectiong was one Ford ear, which
each of the litigants claimed to
have purchased. The court finally
awarded the chariot to Pete, and
gave his erstwhile wife the remain
der of the property, estimated to be
in the neighborhood or several hum
dred dollars, also her freedom from
Pete.
Patrick McGill, well known mem
Der of the Yuma tribe. and a grad.
uatc of Carlisle Institute. acted as
interpreter. Pat can switch from
English to any number of Indian
dialects with an ease that astounds
the layman, and occupies posi-
tion among the Yuma Indians, sim
liar to that held by Dick Cohen of
this city among the Mexieans of I'M
perial county.
The case attracted large num-
Der Of spectators from the court
house offices, an Indian divorce
case being a real novelty in Imper-
ial county.
G.. J.. Brown and !. +. Simpson OF
this city represented Matthews and
Kelly of Yuma. counsel for the
plaintiff, and J. II. Wcstoyer Of
Yuma appeared for the defendant.
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
BREAK IN LEVEE
BEING MENDED AS
RAILROAD JOINED
No Danger of Flooding
The Surrounding
Country

Completion of the shoo-flv levee
and railroad track for carrying of
rock trains along the system of the
Irrigation district protective works
near Pescadero will be effected be-
fore dark tonight, according to a
statement made today by Chief En-
gineer Ray S. Carberry, to the board
of directors of the district,
"The cave-in of about 20G feet
of levee % miles south of Andrade
on Friday, Saturday, Sunday and
until early Monday morning, through
cutting by currents of the Colorado
river, at 10 time assumed sa.ious
proportions, Engineer Carberry
reported.
"Similar undermining Of the
levce Mt other points has occurred
in other years, and in fact Il cave
in of this nature occurred last year
with but 1000 second fees ot vet.
er flowing. The flow Of the river
today IS approximately $4,000
second fees. The surface Of the riv-
er at the point Of the cave-in is G8
feet below that Of the general land
surface
The emergency crews have been
dumping rock into the river at the
point of thc breach in the levec and
have already thrown up lcvee that
will today coures- the two ends of
the break and perni- trainloads of
rock to be c.rr'cd to the far end.
In commenting further upon the
cutting o. !cvcc3 by the river, En-
gineer Carbc:ry pointed out: ''the
great menace comes more from the
depositing Of silt in the bed of the
stream than from the volume of
flow. Ten days ago there was
aboHt twice rs much water flowing
as there is at present, but the chan
neling Of the flow appeared to be
such that the levees were in nc
danger Of washing or sloughing of
1t is II common experience that, as
the water recedcs, the levee walls
which have been saturated by the
high level, cave into the river, car
rying with them tie railroad track
and temporarily hating operation
of trains beyond the point of the
break.
"There is only one solution to
the problem of avoidance of cave
ms along the levees. That is river
control by a high dam that will
catch the silt of the Colorado. y
Imperial Valley press., 1925-05-05
PUBLIC INVITED
TO MOTHER'SDAY
RITES BY ELKS

In accordance with the rules of
the national body, Fl Centre lodge
of Elks will observe Mother 5
Day" on Thursday evening, with a
special program TO which the gener-
al public is invited.
In order that there will he no
interference with the program, the
regular meeting of the lodge will
be disposed with. The exercises
will be held in the Elks. lodge room,
and in addition to the Regular ritu-
alistic work, will include special
program paving tribute to mothers.
The exercises will begin at $3.50,
this hour having been chosen so that
those who attend max do so with Il
minimum of discomfort due to the
heat. The program will not be long
drawn out, and will contain musical
numbers by local talent.
The Elks extend n cordial invita-
tion to all the residents of FL Cen
tro TO attend the exercises. 1t is en-
phasized by the officers that the
program is not confined to Elks or
their immediate families, and that
all who desire to attend will be well
come.