davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Diferential Passenger Rates.

Decision by the Interstate Com
merce Commission sustains the sur
charges now imposed upon railroad
passengers using Pullman facilities.
The commission, divided in it's finding,
holds that the surcharge is required
by the railroad companies to maintain
a. sufficient average of passenger reve-
nue.. 1t distinguishes between the two
classes of railroad travellers. those
who must count their pennies" and
must therefore ride in ordinary
coaches, and those who are financially
competent to pay for more luxury In
travel. There is. the majority opinion
holds. less warrant for eliminating the
surcharge than for reducing the basic
passenger fare, which applies even to
travel in mixed trains of freight and
passenger cars.
This is in the direction of establish
ing Glasses Of railroad passenger
rates. In Europe this is the prevalent
practice. There are usually three
classes, first. second and third, in
y.
some countries only two classes of
fare are maintained. A wide differ
ence prevails between the highest and
the lowest rates.
If the Interstate Commerce Comrnis-
sion should carry out its theory of
discrimination between classes Of pas
sengers it may esta blish lower basic
rates for accommodation" travel than
those chargeable for express service,
or, as intimated, even lower rates for
passenger travel on mixed trains.
There is a difference to the passengers
disadvantage in the lastnamed class
OF transportation. A mixed train is
likely to be slower than even an "ac-
But most accommoda-
tion trains are mixed in the sense that
they include milk cars, and most of
the time required in stops is consumed
in loading and unloading of cans of
milk.
The commission has entered upon a
new line Of thought in thus maintain.
ing the surcharge and limiting at d
differential rate for the benefit of
those who wish a cheaper form of
travel. In these days of motor and bus
competition the railroads may be will
ing to bid for patronage by Offering or
submitting to lower scale Of charges
for the less attractive travel facilities
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Thomas w. Lawson.

The death in Boston SATURDAY. of
Thomas w. Lawson closes a career
that for meteoric variations of fortune
has had few parallels. In consequence
or illness Lawson had passed from the
stage of activity for several years be-
fore his death. But for that he would
probably have been still active, for it
was in the man by nature to specu-
late. He started in the banking busi-
ness as boy, running away from
school at the age of II to get a job at
~ a week. BY the time he had at
tanned his 18th year he had made
a small fortune and lost it, and started
again with practically nothing. Again
and again he made big winnings, only
to plunge and lose. He had an in.
domitable spirit. Misfortune never
depressed him and, indeed, never
taught him caution. He was an in
Veterate gambler.
Had Lawson been less of a specula-
tor he would undoubtedly have
amassed one Of the great fortunes of
this country. But he did not play the
financial game for wealth alone. He
played it for the excitement and zest
of competition. When he wrote his
series of magazine articles under the
title "Frenzied Finance he told his
own story in a manner to attract the
attention of a great multitude Of read.
ers. He Illuminated a subject that lis
always interesting to those unxersed
in the financial competition. He told
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Two Important Local Bills.


District day in the House yesterday
yielded only two measures, although
several others were available for con-
sideration. Those two, however, were
of Importance to the local community,
and it is gratifying that they were
passed. They were the bills to create
a public welfare commission for the
District to replace number of exist
ing boards and supervisory bodies in
charge of the social agencies of care
signed to insure to consumers a pure
supply of milk products. The former
measure has been only recently
framed. but the latter, already passed
by the Senate during this Congress,
has been awaiting action for a num-
ber of years.
In one important respect the House
yesterday amended the public welfare
commission bill from the form in
which it was reported from committee.
This amendment provides that while a
child would otherwise be taken from
the custody of it's parent or parents
because they are financially unable to
care for it, the mother shall be paid
the same compensation for its care as
would be paid an outsider under the
practice heretofore prevailing. This is
in accord with the principle Of what is
known as the mothers pension" In
effect, it is a change of practice from
that heretofore prevailing. as stated
whereby children Of destitute parents
are placed in custodial care at a COM
pensation furnished by the District.
The public welfare commission pro-
vided for by this bill, now to be con-
sidered by the Senate, will coordinate
q number of agencies which are en-
gagged in the important work Of caring
Tor the unfortunate, the sick, the de-
pendent and those in need of construc-
tive correction. The measure has been
carefully considered by the Commits
sioners and a body of citizens as
sembled by them to study the social
agency situation in the District. 1t
represents a research Of months. 1t
has won the approval of all those en-
gagged in charitable endeavor in the
District. 1t is a measure of economy
and efficiency. 1t eliminates conflicts
OF authority. 1t should receive the ia
vorable attention of the Senate and be.
come law at this session.
The pure-milk bill is likewise the
product of a long study by officials
and citizens interested in the preserva-
tfon of the public health. 1t aims to
protect the District from impure
and adulterated dairy foods pro-
duced beyond the local Jurisdiction.
IL establishes a standard of purity
and empowers the Commissioners to
require the observance Of the Dis
trlct's standards of sanitation and
milk purity and quality by all who
handle such products, regardless of
their source. 1t makes for the health
OF the District and. indeed, is calcu.
lated to save lives. 1t should have
been enacted long ago, and it is well
coined now as a valuable piece of legis.
lation
Evening star., 1925-02-10
The Y. w. C. A.

In proportion to the variety and ex-
tent of their activities few organiza
tions in the District Of Columbia ask
less Of the public in the way of finan-
cial aid than does the Young Women s
Christian Association. This agency
with successful local history cover
ing just two decades, and with the
year just past the best in that history.
is more than 80 per cent self-support-
ing. The little less than 10 per cent
OF difference between its income and
its outgo. estimated for 1925 in terms
of dollars. comes to $4,000. To be-
come Possessed Of this sum the asso-
citation looks to the public which it
serves. and a day or two ago, to raise
the money, it started campaign
which will come to a close Febru-
ary II.
The Y. w. c. A, by helping girls
and women of the National Capital,
makes that Capital a better place not
only for them to live in. but for every
body tot1ive in. 1t enables newcomer
to find comfortable quarters and to
eat well cooked and reasonably priced
meals. 1t enables her to enjoy COM
panionship with her own kind and to
give expression to her desire to serve
others, il she have that desire. and if
she have il not. Is likely to incuicate it.
1t serves her physical weli-being with
gymnasium, swimming pool and out
door camps. It enables her to bridge
any existing gaps in her mental,
domestic or esthetic education. And it
shows her the way to develop her
spiritual life and ideals.
Keep the Y. w. c. A. not only 60
ing, but growing in Washington" is
the appeal extended to every resident
able to make q gift, no matter how
small. In this budget campaign the
Capital City has opportunity TO place
the tangible seal OF its approval On am
activity that deserves more whole
hearted support than it has, unfor-
tunately, always received. for on sew
eral occasions during recent years the
budget difference has not been forth.
coming. 1t is, hoped that on this occa-
sion the needed sum will be raised not
only with promptness, but from a
greater number of gfvers than ever
before.
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Press Ventures Explanation
Of Child Labor Laws Defeat

Discussion by editors of the coun-
try of the failure of the child labor
amendment at this time involves
general recognition of the value of
the principle involved. although even
friends of the amendment have ex-
pressed opposition to the methods
pursued in the present campaign and
point to the rejection Of the amend
ment by more than third of the
States as evidence of disapproval of
the plan submitted The age limit
of Is years is held by some to be
too high, while giving of full power
to Congress to enact incidental laws
and the prospect of increased bureau
activity in Washington Is strongly
opposed by others. Friends of the
amendment point to the necessity of
keeping up the campaign of educa-
ton for the principle and express
the hope that it may eventually be-
come the law.
The Buffalo News regards the
present setback as only temporary
and looks forward to Federal regu-
lation under the Constitution. The
News believes the amendment has
been defeated by misrepresentation
and panic propaganda" 1t adds:
Those who oppose the amendment,
by befogging the issue, by confusing
actually unrelated issues. have dis
guised the fact that what they are
actually fighting for is the rentention
of child labor. Eventually the wrong
of child labor will be righted." In
the opinion of the Columbus Ohio
State Journal, 1.-The charge that. the
opposition was from manufacturing
interests was strangely incorrect"
The Journal continues: The Grange
MO in CT % q rp,
gapizations were first in the field in
opposition. The defeat in Ohio was,
dictated very largely by the fathers
and mothers on the farms of the
State, the same fathers and mothers
who have helped frame, pass and
enforce as fine laws on child pro-
lection as may be found in any
American State"
According to the New Orleans
Tribune the amendment lis the next
logical step in our social progress.
Those supporting the amendment
and political activities" The MEM
phis News-Scimitar takes this view:
Opposition to the amendment is un-.
Willingness to give Congress the
right to pass laws controlling the
employment of boys and girls. The
cause of that unwfllingness is not
a lack OF sympathy with childhood
but a lack of confidence in Congress"
While in the opinion of the Fresno
Bee 'the States are beginning to
realize that, no more than a cautious
man signs a blank check, should a
State grant blanket powers under
specious pleas to cure specific ills"
The Bee adds, "the States are rapid
ly awakening to the unweilly, in
efficient, bureaucratic machine which
is being erected at Washington"
There were two ways" says the
New York Herald Tribune. ''fn which
the proposed amendment could have
been written. One would have pre-
scribed the exact law which Con-,
gress might pass A method some
thing like that was tried with prefai-
bition, and with the example still
fresh it is not surprising that the
ether method was adopted. This is
to grant Congress fairly broad
powers within which it could use its
own Judgment 1t is obvious that
the powers should then be at least
Evening star., 1925-02-10

was not until about 1870 that de-
cided steps were taken to improve The
tomato commercially. A. w. Living
ston, scotsman in Columb bus, Ohio,
bought out the old variety known as
Trophy. The tomato was grown as
early as 1885 in England, mostly in
hothouses, and as early as 1912 in Italy.
Q. Who was the general who held
powwow with Sitting Bull in the
70s ?-H. G. w.
A. The War Department fnds a
Gen. Miles of the 9Th United
States Infantry and Chief Sitting Bull
October, 1875. Sitting Bull wanted
an "old-fashioned peace" Nothing
ever came of it, as he would not con-
form to certain decisions.
O.. How many insured parcels and
c. Q. d. parcels were handled by the
Post Office Department last year,
f. j.
A. The number Of domestic in
surance parcels handled during the
fiscal year of 1924 was 148,251,O39, and
the number of c. o. D. parcels
| handled 46,9O0.372.
Q. What was the first United
states coin struck?-J. H. S.
A The first coins struck were a
| few half dimes in October 1892.
Q. How are rural routes estab-
| lish ed? w. r. T.
A. Rural routes are established
upon application made by citizens of
| community, one of the requirements.
being that the community have good
| roads and the proper number of
people on the route to justify the.
| department to institute the service.
Q. How long do bees live?|. c.
| A. Bees known as workers are
| supposed to live from one to nine.
months. while the duration of the
| life of the queen bee is rarely more
| than three years
Q. To settle Oet, who received
the larger popular vote, President
| Coolidge this year, or Warren CT
Harding four years ago?-G. w. D.
! A. The popular vote for the late.
President Harding in 1920 was.
| 16,152.200. The vote cast for Presi-
dent Coolidge in 1924 election was
| 15.71S,7ss.
Q. Were fiintlock guns used in
the days when Indians were in Penn
| sylvania?- E. NJ.
! A. The first flintlock gun was
made about 1850. Perhaps the first
| fiintlock gun made in the United
States was made at Lancaster, Pa.
and they were used quite extensively
in the days when the Indians were
| in Pennsylvania.
Q. Are there any new cures for
| tubeSculosis?-N n.
| A. The Public Health Service says
that there is an average of one new
cure per week proposed for tubercu-
| losis, practically all of which are
| failures. Authorities are investigat-
| ing the new Mollgaard cure for
| tuberculosis, and when they deter
mine it's value the results will be an
| nounced-
Q. How does the amount of water
| stored in lakes compare with that
| held in the ocean,. L.
A Sir John Murray estimates the
| volume of the lakes in the world at
1000 cubic miles, and the water Of
the ocean at 324. 4.000,0 900 cubic miles
(Redders of The EueHtng Star shoHld
send their questions to The Star In
formation Bureau Frederic J. Haskiu
Director, Tt1enty-fIst and C streets
northwest. The onfg charge for this
seI'rtcc is ? ceatS in stamps for return
yoStQ0e
Evening star., 1925-02-10
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN

Q. Please give some information
concerning the public gardens on the
Anacostia Flats?-F. o. c.
A The garden plots on the Ana
costa Flats are SO feet by $50 feet
One plot is given to the head of one
family, unless there Is q surplus gar
den space later in the season. Then If
there are extra lots a second can be
obtained. Their use is granted to the
public on condition that a fee of IS
be paid to the Potomac Garden Club.
This fee is to cover the cost of
plowing and preparing land. and
for what police service is necessary.
q. Please state when and where
Brooke Johns was born-V. II.
A. Brooke Johns, who was recently
plement." was born in Georgetown,
D. c., on December "a, 1894.
Q. At what hours can lawns be
sprinkled?-J. ]. c.
A. The District Water Department
says that there is a regulation in the
District which states that a hose can
only be used for flowers and lawn
purposes between the hours and 8
am. and 5 and pm.
Q. How should the president of a
class be addressed when the person
is young lady?-B. H.
A. The president of a young ladies'
class should be addressed, Mime.
Presidency
Q. Who made the casts of Presi-
dent Lincoln's hands in the National
Museum? Are these casts given away?
j. W. D.
A. The casts of President Lincoln s
hands in the museum were made by
Leonold Volk. The National Museum
has not given any of these casts
away. The molds are in the CUSTODY
of the preparator in the division of
anthropoiogy, who is authorized to
make copies for sale to applicants at
the nominal cost of his services and
materials. Such transactions are en-
tirely personal with him.
q. What is the fee for operating a
! broadcasting station?-S. H
A. The Department of Commerce
saye that no fee is charged for a ra-
dio station for sending or transmit
ting. However, license must be OBJ
tanned.
Q. What chemical has the greatest
heat resistance?-w. II. d.
A. The Bureau of Chemistry saws
that probably the chemical that has
the greatest heat resistance is Full
lers earth or magnesia.
@. What is the mythology of a
group of seven stars, of which one
is known as The Lost -
, r. w. H.
A. The Pleiades is a group of small
stars in the constellation Taurus
very conspicuous on Winter evenings
about "a degrees north of the Equator
For some unknown reason there were
Snciently said TO be seven Pleads
although only six were conspicous
then as now; hence the. suggestion of
a lost P1eiad In mythology the
Pleads were said to be the daughters
of Atlas and Pleione, and were named
Alcyone, Merope, Celaeno, Electra
Sterope or AsteTope, Taygeta and
Maia
Q. Where did tomatoes come from +?
w. z.
A. Tomatoes were probably first
grown in the sixteenth century in
Peru. They were grown in an an
cient time in Mexico. but they did not
become an economic fruit until aboul
1c0 years ago. Up until that time
G830) they were grown for ornament
and were called the love apple. II
Evening star., 1925-02-10

broad enough to enable Congress to
pass legislation as effective as fbat
already in force and found valuable
in several States" Friends of tho
reform, says the San Antonio News.
have refused to give up hope" The
News adds that gross misconceptions
or distortions of the amendment q
purpose and effect have been broad
cast, and much has been made of
the popular dfstrust of Congress
which that body's recent record has
engendered. However. the educa-
tiona1 campaign can go on"
Many conscientious people," says
the Wichita Beacon, who have only
abhorrence Of the exploitation of
childhood labor az seen in a few of
the States dislike very much to be
aligned with them, but feel forced
to oppose the amendment because
they believe it goes entirely too far.
The amendment places the age limit
at Is. 1t. also, seems to ride rough
shod over State prerogAtives Rightly
or wrongly. this appearance has dam
aged the cause. The next thing for
the friends of the amendment to do
is to write an amendment with a
lower age limit"
One point OF view held by several
editorial writer's Is that the measure
has accomplished much through its
effect on State action in child labor
cases. Following this line, the SPRING
field Republican says: 1T Is a peculiar
distinction that the child la bor amend
ment has already achieved, in hay.
ing accomplished so much good in
spite of it's apparent failure. It
stands vindicated in it's defeat If in
scious Of their failings and also their
obligations in social legislation"
An unusual discussion Of the SUBJ
ject is presented by the Chicago
Tribune, once a supporter of the
amendment. which announces a change
of opinion as to its worth. This news
paper says:
"The Tribune was for this amend.
ment when 1t was proposed in Con-
gress. There has been vacillation and
uncertainty in this off1ce. A mis-
take in principle was obvious from
the start. Sympathy for the thing
sought prevailed over principle, in the
first decision, and although the SYM
pathy remains as active as ever, fur
ther consideration has gone to the
side OF principle. We believe the
is another of the Ameri-
can short cuts through essential doc
trines to achieve something which
right minded people support. 1t would
be the easiest way. but 1t is q wrong
way. and we recommend that the
be rejected"
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Mayor Hylants Dilemma.

Mayor Hylan of New York has gone
to Florida for "a vacation, and now a
are in a-mood to extend the vacation
Indefinitely. Next November the city
will vote for nnHicipal officers. The
mayer has announced his oandidacy
for a third term. But since he made
fhat astztsment tffines hsWe isappened
upon which he evidently did not
Evening star., 1925-02-10

In the future any new members OF
Congress who are a little obscure as
to the United States Constitution will
have prize winners of oratorical con-
tests at hand to offer suggestions. The
United States Constitution is a sub
ject which most people pretend to
know all about, yet there is surpris-
ing number not accurately informed.
Evening star., 1925-02-10

Controversy arises in Paris as to the
Kind of corsets women shall wear. One
part of the question may be regarded
as decided in advance. Any one who
buys a Paris corset need expect no
debt cancellation.
Evening star., 1925-02-10

Conan Doyle is to open book shop
In London. To insure good business
ne might write another Sherlock
Holmes series and personally control
the output.
Evening star., 1925-02-10

Confidence is expressed by Secretary
Hoover that cooperation in utilizing
modern invention will prevent the air
from becoming overcrowded as well as
the earth.
Evening star., 1925-02-10

The appetite for novelty and excite
ment is so strong that a number of
human beings appear actually disap-
pointed because the end of the world
did not arrive as predicted
Evening star., 1925-02-10

There must be moments when re-
cent experiences make DIR. Cook wish
not only that he had discovered the
North Pole. but that he had built him
self snow house and settled there.
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Silence That Is Golden.

From the Birmingham Herald.
Through his department Of silence.
President Coolidge also fnds that he
can economiss In his bureau ee ex-
planation,
Evening star., 1925-02-10
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Only Beginning.
Some day the world will end, we know.
But now it's spinning.
And human effort seems to show
It's just beginning.
When that day lands, we'll all be done
With care and hurry.
Till then, there's time for work and
fun
So, wherefore worry?
Evening star., 1925-02-10

1t would not be surprising to find
citizens in various parts of the map
concerning themselves with the fact
that while debt discussion is prolonged
interest accumulates
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Maryland and Virginia.
All Other States.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled
to the use for republication Of all news dis
patches credited to ): or not otherwise credited
in this paper and also the local news pub
lished herein. All rights of publication of
special dispatches herein also reserved.
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Its Steady Toll Continues.
From the Birmingham Ase.Herald.

One of the probable increases in
production in 1925 which will. not be
enumerated in the list of prosperity
indications, is the grade-crossing har-
vest, which already promises to hang
up a new high record.
Evening star., 1925-02-10

we already has a heap of cleo
tiens." said Uncle Eben; -.an' we got
ter have q heap mo- If all de people
dat thinks dey knows how to run de
Government is gineter git . chance"
Evening star., 1925-02-10

A metal airship is to be designed un-
der Ford auspices. 1t sounds incredi-
bic, but this time nobody will venture
TO laugh.
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Averaging Up.

A mans disposed to mercy when
His own defects are clear;
It's when he's judging other men
That he Becomes severe.
Evening star., 1925-02-10
Non.corn,nittal Mechanism

This taximeter can't misrepresent
said the driver.
What's the matter?' inquired the
passenger. rs it broke?"
Evening star., 1925-02-10
A Variable Opinion.

A Variable Opinion.
"Of course, you concede that to the
victors belong the spoils.''
''Of course" answered Senator Sor-
ghum. II conoede that point-but only
when 1 am on the winning side"
Evening star., 1925-02-10

The Evening Star with the Sunday morning
edition. 10 delivered by carriers within the
city At so cents per month: daily only. 45
cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents per
month. Orders may be sent by mail or teie-
phone Main 5000. Collection Is made by car
riers at the end Of each month.
Evening star., 1925-02-10
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

Business Once, 11th ST. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York Once: 10 East And ST.
Chicago Office: Tower Building.
European Once: 18 Regent ST. London. England.
Evening star., 1925-02-10
A ,I0urnoy's Peril.

''Some day you can go from Grim.
son Gulch to Chicago in an airship."
Twill it be safe?" asked Cactus joe
Perfectly safe"
'It may be safe in the ship, but not
in Chicago"