davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-04-26
BY MARGARET DE FOREST HICKS

~ NE is seldom surprised when in the
Balkans political turmoil and unrest
rear their ugly heads. for this un-
~ fortunate bit of southeastern Europe,
drenched in the blood OF a thousand conflicts
has more than earned it's ill-fated reputation.
And because it's very name connotes wars
and rumors of war" the lack-during the last
II months-of these disturbing elements has
succeeded in attracting the attention of an in
creasing number who have viewed the phenom-
enon of quiet with growing wonder and specu-
lation.
Not until the last fortnight when Bulgaria
blew off the lid, to speak, has the Balkan
kettle ceased for a year, to sing quite
cheerfully and with no apparent signs of boil
ing over. ...--.
Consequently. the present outburst has re-
suited in interest in the why and wherefore
of its origin that is of more than passing mo-
ment, and one finds people speculating to
who is responsible for the disasters with which
the papers filled, and Of what caliber
those faced with the problems of evolving order
out of the present chaos.
Two Men Hold Reins.
Boris II is the present monarch; Alexander
Tzankoff, the present premier. In the hands
of these two men rightly rest the reins of gov
ernment.
Are they capable Of holding them?
A few months ago I was in Sofia, the
anniversary of the installation of the Tzankof
regime, and had the privilege of discussing Bull
garian affairs with the premier.
A difficult twelve months lay behind Alexan-
der Tzankoff but he outlined the years politi-
cal achievements with satisfaction concern
ing the past and hope with regard TO the
future, which shone unmistakable from his in
telligent eyes.
And, indeed, at that time it appeared
though Bulgaria stood upon the Threshold of
era that held great promise. of a period
when, with internal peace apparently secured,
she might turn her energies to the greater task
of permanent economic and political rehabilita-
ton.
During the first IL months of his regime
Tzankoff had accomplished more than seemed
humanity possble-in consolidating the govern
mental forces in the Sobranie (parliament, in
suppressing communism. in winning the conf
dence of Bulgarias neighbors and in carrying
out the stringest provisions of the Neuilly
treaty.
The accomplishment of this last task alone
was enough to have required the entire ener-
gies of the ablest of premiers, for it involved
economic juggings with view to meeting
reparations requirements which might have
filled even the mind of a Hamilton with mis-
givings and despair.
Bulgarias Situation.
when the World War ended" said Tan
koff in explanation of this particular problem,
Bulgaria left impoverished in every pos
sble way-by loss Of territory, by loss of
money and material and by loss of lives. A
small country. surrounded by ring of
- note Of Qessimism csseping into bis yoice-
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Russ Reds Spy System
Touches All Countries

Soviet Russia's spy system does not
stop at the Russian frontier. 1t eX-
tends to all countries, not only to
spread Communist propaganda but to
watch Soviet representatives in the
outside world. Members of the in
telligentsia who have entered the serv-
ice of the reds in order to keep alive
are watched more carefully than are
the known Communists. Thus doctors
who leave Russia to buy medical sup
plies and leaders of commissions sent
TO negotiate with other governments
are kept in sight by members of the
spy system. Usually two spies are
sent to dog the footsteps of a suspected
white" Even the most important
representatives are watched some
times. Through the indiscretion Of
an agent it has become known that
Rakovsky was watched during a stay
in Baden. He went there with the
avowed intention of taking the cure.
One of his watchers took room in
the same hotel He was the daily
chess partner of RatovSky'S secre-
tary and telephoned twice day TO
the Soviet embassy in Vienna. But
this man tried to play the game both
ways and offered to obtain informa-
ton for the RumanianS. Not salts
fed with his returns. one day he men,
aced the members of the Rumanian
vice consul's family with a revolver.
RumanianS take especial interest in
Rakovsky, who was a Rumanian of
Bulgarian descent. before he became
SoYist commissas foz he-Qkraiues
Evening star., 1925-04-26

"of defeated Germany. who can afford to en-
ploy evasive measures, Bulgaria early realized
that 1t would be national suicide to attempt
anything but what seemed the impossible
the payment of yearly reparations of two
billion leva.
so. with little more to encourage us than
forlorn hope in the power of miracles we set
about the task and within the year we have
that belief realized
Bulgaria, the smallest and the poorest of
the Central powers, has paid her reparations
in full, and she is the only nation that has
done
Thus" he continued, I'VE have safely
passed the first important milestone The year
is ended.
1T has been difficult one, full of political
and economic uncertainties, with seemingly
unsurmountable difficulties But looking back,
one may see that in it has been
period during which Bulgaria has faithfully
performed difficult selfmposed tasks which,
when rightly appreciated will, l hope, insure
both at home and abroad, her future political
welfare
note of earnestness in the voice, square.
of shoulder, determination of manner
made the words of Bulgaria's premier unde-
niaby convincing. He spoke with clarity,
Furthermore, that bespoke his long training as
a scholar.
A large man, of some 4O-odd years with
brown hair and beard, a protruding forehead
and strong expressive hands. it was not diff
cult to picture him the university profes-
sor--a vocation from which he had been called
to assume the difficult duties of premiership
at a period of internal disorder rife with un-
certainties
Tzankof succeeded stamboulisky. who tell
Evening star., 1925-04-26

chemist who discovered new explosive
or an economist who perfected new method
of business efficiency Immediately found a
ready market for ii. The experimenter in re-
ligion received no encoura cement.
The college paid high salaries to it's profes-
sors of physics and chemistry and engineering,
and paid relatively little to its professors of
religion and social science, if it had any of
them.
So we taught our farmers how to turn out
the best breed of hogs and the finest dairy
cows, and we taught our chemists to invent
new dyes and our economists to build up new
business systems, but we failed to teach the
science of right living.
Q. Are the colleges the schools most to
blame for this materiaistic form of educationp
A. The colleges. Colleges always set the
pace and the schools more less have to fol
low. In this case the colleges set the pace in
Evening star., 1925-04-26


Within year he succeeded In bringing
order out of this chaos, and calm out of this
strife.
Premier Backed by King.
The present situation is strangely parallel.
And since this striking similarity exists one
finds oneself wondering if Tzankoff is again
equal to the task.
If familiarity with the situation both as
it exists and as it may unfold if a compre
hension of the important issues and an ability
to meet them with intelligence, and if graft
flying cooperation from the other man
whose support is most needed be sufficient an
swer to this question, then one is inclined to
believe that Tzankoff will cope with the pres
ent unrest in the same successful manner that
he did before.
For in the King he has strong and able
ally.
No puppet no thing Of sawdust and fine
clothes is Boris II, but an active, intelligent
benevolent, two-fsted monarch, who studies
his countrys problems from the practical side
and not infrequently offers to his ministers
the most acceptable course of action for their
solution.
In 1915 upon the enforced abdication of his
father Ferdinand, Boris ascended the throne
Since that time the welfare of his people
has been his chief concern, and he has taken
unto himself the duties of kingship with a
sense of responsibility that has grown rather
than lessened with the years.
With the exception of the Prince Of Wales
it is doubtful If there is a monarch or heir
apparent in Europe today so popular with his
subjects.
Because of his great simplicity he is loved
by all classes, and what is more important
from the political standpoint, by all parties
both the extreme right and the extreme left
The grandson of Louis Fippe and the
reat-greatnephew of Queen Victoria, he is the
soul of informality.
In his palace in Sofia found his private
audience room lined with pictures of the
French revolution, in which his forebears had
figured, especially those of the block and gull
lotine, and IN his private chapel-a gem of
early Bulgarian architecture-a mural depict
ing, by gruesome mountain of skulls the
place Of the innocent murder of his country.
men during one of the Balkan wars.
Is q Great Pacifst
Boris is a great pacifst, and this canvas
he keeps tosremind him constantly of the hor-
of armed conflict.
He tends, Furthermore, toward great len
iency of political thought. On a May day
celebration of the Communists some years ago.
the careless remark of retainer who viewed
the parade from castle window near the King
and who expressed the hope that the crowds
would be rained upon, received the monarch's
stern rebuke, despite the fact that banners bore
the inscription, Down With the King"
But, possibly, the characteristic which en-
dears him most to his subjects is his demo
cratic attitude toward them.
He y pasaiQnstslx ~ g AnnnAa md. .locn
Evening star., 1925-04-26

] so we cannot feel that the failure was
due to them. Opium smuggling is
very profitable business here. on par
| with bootlegging at home, and many
bundles are surreptitiously slowed
away on the passenger steamers 60
ing up and down the river. A few
weeks ago opium was discovered hid
den in the piano of a boat. When SuS-
picion is aroused the opium is usually
hastily placed in the luggage or laun-
dry of some one who is in charge of
the investigation. There has been
much publicity given to the disgrace
full conduct of the military in Fukien
who force the people to grow poppies
for opium production in order that
they may collect the large revenue. 1t
is said that many were killed for re-
fusing to obey the poppy growing
order, and others were starving for
| lack of food. as they were not permit
ted to grow any vegetables. and the
overpr oduction OF opium forced the
price too low for profit. Certainly the
suppression of the three evils-cultiva-
ton, use and sale of opium-has not
| been a success, and the government
receives no revenue. Now it has been
suggested that the government estab-
lish monopoly in order to get the
traffic under control and later kill it
with: one blow at the centralized, vital
spot. AS early as 1885 the traffic in
| opium was of gravest concern to the
Chinese government, and at that time
an official proposed that the trade be
legalized and taxed, to do away with
the violence. bribery and extortion
then in existence las now and check
1t through official recognition. He
was stripped of his rank and SEN
| fenced to transportation into Mongolia
| as rebuke to his audacity The
claim has been made that in 1917 the
ev1l was almost completely suppressed.
| But since then, during and after the
war, it has fiourished as never before.
At any rate, there seems to be strong
feeling that measures must be taken
at once, and the problem of the opium
| traffic will be considered at the recon
| Struction conference. The crying need
of China is the rehabilitation of her
! huge, corrupt army, which, instead of
protecting the people from the opium
evil, enforces the cultivation, INDUCES
| in the consumption and profits by the
| illegal sale.
All eyes are focused on Peking, all
| hopes centered on the reconstruction
conference, and the peoples confer.
ence to follow. With the sagacity of the
| 82-year-old chairman, Chao Erh- -shun:
the clean-cut and broad-minded poll.
| cies of Tuan Chi-jui, the honest COOP
GRAFTON of the military and civil repre-
| sentatives, will they be able to cut the
| Gord1an knot? For truly China's prob
| lens are tangled beyond untying No
| foreigner ventures to predict what is
| going to happen in the next few years,
or even the next few months One
| thing only is certain-that things
could not be much worse.
Evening star., 1925-04-26
"Yes, We Would Marry for Money!"
Votes Graduating University Glass.

Would You Marry for Money!
That question was asked of l58 grad
uating students in one of Americas
foremost universities. Eighty-nine an
swered yes ; sixty-nine SAID no"
Should Girls Smoke? ?'-"Ycs," voted
majority of the same students.
DO You Drink Over 50 per cent
again voted yes
DO You Smoke? ?'-"Yes," voted the
senior class, this time by laundering
two-thirds majority.
What Is Your Favorite Play?"-The
majority answered Desire Under the
Elms.' the production which received
the severest criticism from New York's
censorship board on the grounds of inn
morality.
Walter Dill Scott. president of North
western, Americas foremost Methodist
university, when confronted with this
vote, admits. in the accompanying in
terview, that our schools and colleges
have been steering youth in the wrong
direction, but predicts religious revi-
val i'll the future.
Evening star., 1925-04-26

| may hope for not only the continuity
of life, but the continuity of those
| things that make life worth while.
It is largely true that the develop
ment of our character here is, in no
small degree. conditioned by our fel-
lowships. and 1t is certainly true that
the deepest joys we experience are
born out of contact with those we
love. 1t would not be life, here or
hereafter, were these fellowships and
intimacies to cease. We cannot think
of man in state of satisfaction
without thinking of him environed by
those who here have made him large
" what he is. We do not believe II
is an idle thing to think of our future
life in terms of home and loved ones
and friendship. There is d certain
touch of tenderness about the eX
preston Jesus uses where He says.
IF these things were not so, would
have told you" He was seeking TO
illuminate with His own divine
vision the shadowy. pathway of the
future. We remember it was Pastor
Wagner who wrote concerning the
loss of his own son,
Thou hast sown with rays of white
light
The pathway to the grave.
And left at the gates of death
4 gleam as of the dawn"
There is nothing in this expression
that suggests doubt or misgiving. 1t
is the cry of an earnest soul, resting
his hopes of life and reunion in the
better world upon the sure Word
spoken by Jesus Christ.
X
There may be many other questions
that He left unanswered, but in the
sublimest of all His messages He
gave assurance of the unbroken con-
tinuity of fellowship, and He identi-
fed life in the future with those
things that are most sacred to us
here. kiuship and friendship. We re-
call seeing in Canterbury Cathedral
the tomb of Dean Afford and it's
striking inscription which reads as
follows: The inn of a traveller on his
way to Jerusalem" 1t is strikingly
suggestive of the passage of man
from limited life to full, free. and
unhampered life. We believe,
There is a region lovelier far
Than sages tell or poets sing,
Brighter than MONDAY glories are
And softer than the tints of
Spring"
To every tired, sorrowing. hoping
pilgrim of life. He speaks: Let not
your hearts be troubled: In my
Fathers house are many dwellings,"
Evening star., 1925-04-26

motives and when forced TO travel by
train, more frequently than not. ne
rides in the engine cab. one hand upon
the throttle, the other ready to wave
hail comrade' to the engineers OF
every passing train. all of whom he
knows by name. His servants and as
, sociates, furthermore, are treated with
the utmost deference-"as one gentle
man to another said NJ. Gruff, his
private secretary and constant COM
panion, as he described the manner
in which his liege gave his commands
when, prior to an audience with the
King, I interviewed him.
During. the disturbances of the past
fortnight Boris has shown himself
more than worthy of the love and ad-
miration of his people. who speak of
him affectionately as "the little King"
On April Is, returning to Sofia, his
motor car was attacked by bandits
and several of his party wounded. But
on this ocaSion he showed a courage
and a calm of which any man might
well be proud. And again. following
the bomb outrage in the Sveti kral
Cathedral, a few days later, he hurried
Immediately to the scene of the dis
| aster and offered his personal aid.
1t has been suggested that the ban
dit attack was perpetrated with view
to seizing valuables rather than TAX
| ing life, especially the life of the young
King, and in view of a similar incident
| which occurred during the revolution
of June, 1923. this seems @ most
plausible explanation.
At this time the Kings car was
halted by armed men. who covered
| the occupants with their revolvers
| and demanded their surrender
We'll. what's the matter?" inquired
| Boris, cody
Recognizing their monarch the in
! surgents dropped their guns and sub
mitted to arrest. And when question
ed later in court as to why they did
not kill the King, the leader of the
band replied: I'VE did not want to put
a wound into the heart of Bulgaria. :"
There Are Hopeful Signs.
The eyes of the newspaper-reading
world are turned toward Bulgaria
these days with the keenest interest,
for the press is filled with the de-
velopments of the last fortnight.
The situation is fraught with uncer-
tainty No officials life seems safe.
communism is rife and the political
and economic conditions of the coun-
try are worse than they have been in
months.
Yet there are hopeful signs.
For those in command are able and
sincere. If the blind lead the blind.
Bulgaria would most certainly be
headed for the proverbial ditch. But,
fortunately, the heads of her dis
ordered house are men of vision and
intelligence, to whom those who are
following the country's present un-
happy unheavals are looking with
sympathy and confidence to find a
sane and safe way out of her present
ia
Evening star., 1925-04-26

IT. HIS fourteenth chapter of st.
Johns gospel has been very
properly called the Holy of
Holes of the New Testa-
ment. 1t constitutes part of
What is commonly known as the
table tall" of Jesus. 1t was in the
intimacy of the board that He talked
to His disciples as He had never
done before concerning the most vital
matters men ponder and discuss.
The opening words of this chapter
are singularly tender, Let not YOUR
heart be troubled, neither let 1t be
afraid" then follows the amazing
statement which sheds such a flood of
light upon the obscure things of the
future
All through the ages men have been
seeking to penetrate the unknown and
the ancient question of Job, IF a
man die. shall he live again." has
been universally on every lip. 1t is
not merely a question of Immortality
of that all men feel a reasonable GER
tainty, it is rather a question as to
the conditions of life beyond the
border land. When the shadow of
death falls across our hearthstone
and one we have loved passes beyond
our vision, we are bound to ask those
questions that have to do with lifes
renewal and the conditions of its
being.
x
1t was a homeless Christ who had
not where to lay His head. who spoke
with a certainty no other human lip
has ever expressed concerning the
future, and it is from Him alone that
we have the word that assures US,
not only of life beyond life, but of
the persistence of that most sacred
Of all human relationships which the
home itself eXemplifies. In this word
spoken in tender intimacy, Jesus
Identifies life in the other world with
the sacred relationships of the home.
We cannot think of any existence in
other terms than those with which
we are now familiar nor can we
think of life in it's fullness and rich
ness without those fellowships that
here make 1t what it is. Speculation
stops where Jesus speaks and the
heart burdened with grief finds in
His word its divinest consolation.
We may not know, and it is well
that is so, the conditions of life in
the future, and questions of time and
place have little value to us: suffi-
Cient is it to have assurance that
death does not end all, and that we
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Austrians Leaving Home

Since the World War 1886 Aus
trians have left their home land to
seek their fortunes elsewhere. Most
of them went from Vienna, where un-
employment is greatest. There are
between 100000 and 250,000 unem.
ployed in all Austria
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Home and Known.

In Ny Fathers house are tudnu
dtoelhngs, II it tCere not so. toould
haze told you: 90 to prepare a
place for you'-St. John, ,-ffe.
Evening star., 1925-04-26


purposes" Pending the agreement, a
large amount of interest has been
accommodating and held in Brit
ish bank, so naturally France is press
Ing for a settlement and may be
willing to accept a compromise from
the present de facto government. This
mornings paper states that the case
Is being considered and an agreement
Is in sight, though the kuomintang
denies the right of the de facto gov
ernment to make any binding agree
ment.
The entire question of the return Of
the Boxer indemnity and of the uses
to which the money shall be put is
constantly discussed in the papers.
Every one is thoroughly disgusted
with the average Chinese student,
who, to use an expressive slang de-
scription, is too light for heavy work
and too heavy for light work." and
consequently becomes an idler and
egitator. Spending money on the
education of these men and women
has been like buying a gun and
ammunition for a coolie with bandit
proclivities. Anti Christian, anti-for-
eign, anti-government movements,
are. instigated and -fostered in the
colleges and student organizations.
Bolshevism is spreading throughout
the land. To return the Boxer in
demnity for educational purposes is
not to benefit the Chinese people, un-
less it is education in agriculture and
engineering, and they are provided
with the actual tools and opportunities
to put their knowledge into practice.
il is estimated that about 20 per cent
uf China's population is engaged in
agricultural pursuits; they toll on with
antiquated methods, fighting against
flood and drought and the depreda-
tions of the military. Annually the
rivers of China rise and thousands of
lives are lost through drowning
famine and plague. These floods could
he controlled, if not prevented, by ef.
fectual dikes and forestry. A plea has
been put up for the use of the money
for rrailroads-and China acertainlyneeds
them-and the income derived to be
given to education, but this scheme
has not met with favor as the rail.
roads are the first weapons of the
military leaders, railroad revenue is
diverted to their purposes and the cars
ara cODfiScafed
Evening star., 1925-04-26
China and the Opium Evil.

The opium evil continues to humili-
ate the world. In the recent confer
ence at Geneva DIR. Sze and the Chi
nese delegation and Mr.. Porter and the
Americans withdrew. Their high hopes
came to nothing in a deadlock. Though
not, familiar with the details-our
papers have had hardly more than
headlines-we are all familiar with the
worth and dignity of Dr. SEE and the
practical altruism of the Americans.
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Heads of Bulgaria's Disordered House

the victim of assassin's knife When he
assumed Office the entire country, was torn with
political dissention.
Within year he succeeded In bringing
order out of this chaos, and calm out of this
strife.
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Many Vital Issues Faced
In Peking Conferences

(Continued from First Page)
Evening star., 1925-04-26
BY DREW PEARSON.

n T OTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY is not
MI only one of the largest and wealthiest
" of American educational institutions,
i hut a dat icr.r " of eth
Evening star., 1925-04-26

NE is seldom surprised when in the
Balkans political turmoil and unrest
rear their ugly heads. for this un-
fortunate bit of southeastern Europe,