davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-11-04
GARY IS PICTURED
AS GREAT ARB|TER
Life of Magnate, Just Pub
lished, Gives Inside Story
of Huge Deals.
4
By the Associated Press.


| NEW YORK. November Ada NJ.
| Tarbell author OF the Life of Ahra :
| ham Lincoln" and History OF the
1 Standard Oil Company, has invaded
1 the territory of steel in her latest
4 work. just published and copyrighted
/ by u. Appleton e. Co. The Life OF
Ebert II. Gary: The Story of Steel. "
She portrays the life of the head of
/ the steel industry in this country
and intimately pictures his quarrels
and diSa greements with other finan-
cierS over his Ia Dor and stock market
policies.
I Al the time of the formatio of the
big steel trust that was later sub
jected to many Government suits and
invest legations. Miss Tarhell writes
Of J. Pierpout MorGan's part in ac-
qniring the steel plants offered to him
hy Charles Schwah Morgan sub
mitted the proposition made "a him
by Schwab TO Mr. Gary. Mr. Gary
returned il with rotations If his own.
and when the deal WAS going through
thing want understood. If 20 into
this. you are To 20 with me- not only
as my lawyer hut as my friend
that is. YOU are To stand h. me-
Met ReckefeiIrr Price.
In attempting 10 gain The Rookie
. feller ores for the now combine Gary
found that MorGan'S dislike of Rookie
! Teller stood in the WIv. Chided by
/ Gary. Morgan went - Rockefeller
and parleved with him FOR the ore
! lands. The Rockefe' Ter offer was
/ $5,ooe. 600 more than Gary's outside
figure, hut Morgan said that the price
would mot stand in the way and di-
! Yn NI r.,,-
ance.
She interestingly portravs the long
conference between Morgan and
John w Gates. who was determined
10 get - record price for his wire
holdings. Gary took up the parlp,
whore Morgan had wall<ed oit an
CRY, He eventually force Gates to
sell ny having Morgan enter The
room and announce that unless
/ Gates sold his wire plants Morgan :
| interests would build one of their
/ own and force Gates ann his aSso-
ciates 70 the wall.
| Morgan "TickIed."
I Morgan was as tickled as a kid
! going home from foot ball game. e
! Gary said in describing The victory.
( Miss Tarhell draws her word pic
4 tIre Of the modern master Of steel
/ As eNemplified in the person OF Mr..
/ Cary az that of a pacifet Nowhere
/ does she make him the militant
enemy or foe Of labor but shows him
As the mediator and the peacemaller
| An instance of the strict Methods,
training Of the Steel Corporation head
( is given in his refusal 10 continue
matching $50 gold pieces for the fees
/ of absentee members of the board Of
directors.
+ No relative Of Gary nor any one in
his employ. Miss TarhelI writes. has
ever or viii ever benefit hv advance
. rntorma ton. His own son would
NOT he tipped Off to ena hIe him to
4 speculate profitably in the steel mar
4 ket by Gary. although he might he in
/ possession of news and information
4 that would make such speculation
/ profitable for friends or acuuaint-
/ anceS.
Miss Tarhell says that Mr.. Gary
Evening star., 1925-11-04
CONSTANCE BENNETT WE'D
TO PHILIP PLANT OF N. Y.
Bride Was Party in 1921 to Mar
riage Later Annulled-Groom
Recently Was Sued
- the Associated Press.

GREEN W1CH, Conn. November
&.-Constan nee c. Bennett. -. actress,
of Richard Bennett. promi.
nent moving picture man. was mar.
ried to Philip Plant. stepson of Col.
and Mrs. William Hayward of New
York City, here yesterday. The bride
Evening star., 1925-11-04

holders who attended the annual
meetings. as they had a right to do,
should not only he allowed TO speak
but should he invited to DO SO.
Evening star., 1925-04-26
BY SENATOR WILLIAM E. BORAH.

~ RANCE is in better condition economi-
* cally than any European nation which
was engaged in the World War or any
nation which into existence by
reason of the war. She has unemployment
of any moment and the people Of France are
universally prosperous. Her industrial de-
velopment since the has been striking and
exceptional, and the increase OF her economic
strength has excited the special comment of
all who have undertaken to measure it's solidity
and its extent. Notwithstanding the notorious
experience through which she is passing due
not to economic conditions but to politics. she
can, If she chooses. meet her obligations upon
fair and reasonable terms.
/ shall first review the creation OF the
French debt, the amount OF the same and how
and under what circumstances it incurred;
secondly. the attitude of France toward the
debt and her ability. if she chooses to do So to
meet it. There has been vast amount of
propaganda, direct and indirect. put out since
the war in the way Of arguments for the can
collation. of this debt. All sorts OF reasons
have been advanced as to why it should be
forgiven.
There is no justification either in morals or
in the economic necessities of France for can
collation. or for any reduction below the stand
ard fixed in the settlement with Great Britain.
Just and reasonable terms will be conceded.
but acquittance Of the debt would be signalIy
unjust to the people of this country who,
through their Government, made the loan.
France at this time owes the United States,
rather the taxpayers of the United States
for it was their money loaned-n round
numbers, four billion dollars. According TO
the terms Of the loan when made, the debt
bears interest at the rate of per cent. Some
six years have passed since the war. No part
of the principal, no interest, has been paid.
No acknowledgment OF the debt has been made.
save the original obligation. No plan no pro-
posal upon the part of France for its settle
ment adjustment, has been submitted. No
would contend that France should have,
should now, pay this debt at once and out
of hand. 1t has always been known that the
terms OF settlement upon the part OF the
United States would be fair and most liberal.
But while 1t not expected that France
would pay according to the strict terms of the
contract, it has been a matter of surprise;
great surprise that France has at time sub
mitted any terms of settlement made any
proposal looking to adjustment. 1t is difficult
to reach but conclusion from this fact.
1t should be borne in mind in considering
the conditions under which this debt in
money loaned after the close of the war 1t
has been urged by leading Frenchmen and
high officials of that government that this debt
common This proposition is put forth
Justification of cancellation But large
portion of the debt not incurred during
the war. it was incurred after the war was
The money went direct from the tax
payers pockets in the United States to the
ia xpayers' pockets in France, for, IL the money
had not been loaned by our taxpayers. they,
the taxpa yers of France, would have had to
raise it. This money used not in the pros
Evening star., 1925-04-26

ecution of the but in meeting the ordi-
nary expenses and obligations of the govern
ment in time of peace. 1t is great test of toll
erance to listen with courtesy to arguments
against paying debt incurred as this portion
of the debt incurred. We were extremely
generous in loa ming this money after the war
closed, and it seems her strange that France
in her discussions takes no cognizance of that
fact.
Taxpayers Assume Load.
1t is also urged that the money the most
of 1t. borrowed by France expended in this
country. 1t is not exactly plain how this
changes the terms of the contract of borrow
ing. 1t is true that much of it was expended in
this country. We know, for instance, $685.
900 900 of governmental loans were used to
pay off obligations of allied nations to private
bankers incurred in this country before March.
1917, all of which secured by marketable
investments deposited here by foreign govern
ments. The American taxpayers stepped in and
assumed the load. One hardly ina gine the
bankers waiting six years for their principal.
much less their interest. And one could hardly
conceive of the bankers exhibiting the compa-
cencY under postponed payment which it is
urged the taxpayer should now ma pifest with
out limit. 1t should be borne in mind also In
connection with this peculiar line of argument
that expended in France for war supplies
and forth, S1.207 900 900. According to Gen
Harbords report. France charged S319-
S95.279.97 for ordnance furnished. The allies
purchased in the United States on credit ex-
tended by Government. We paid cash for
things bought abroad. We paid for camp
sites for Army in France-that is for bill
letting, rentals. real estate. damages to real es
tate, leased damages. leased rentals requisi-
toned property, restoration of French public
Evening star., 1925-04-26

House was the popular body. Its
members and debaters were vastly
more conspicuous in the press than
were those of the. Senate. Blaine,
Reed, Cannon, Clark, Crisp, Mills
where in the present personnel of the
House do you find names that so in
trigue the public imagination?
In my opinion, not an inferior per-
sonnel, but the changed rules of the
House, are responsible for its lessened
appeal to public interest.
X X X
Cloture i'm the House.
The House has a cloture-almost a
complete cloture. The trouble with
the House is that it's members can
not talk when they ought and want
to talk. Its rules are air-tight on
speeehmaking. OF course, l am not
now thinking of that expensive and
absurd practice of leave to print, "
luxury of having his stillborn
thoughts. that never found expression
in debate, printed in the Congress
sional Record.
When the late Bourke Cochran, a
veteran Congressman and a gifted
orator. after having served three diff
ferent periods of several terms dur
ing the last "a years of his life, re-
turned once again to the House, six
years ago, he remarked on the change
that had come over that body. say
ing that session of the lower house
of Congress now received no more
attention in the American press than
a Saturday night dance
/. Cochran fought without avail to
restore the House to its old prestige
by changing the rules so as to per-
NIT greater freedom of debate.
After several years of membership
in the upper body most Senators
take pride in it's freedom of debate.
New Senators sometimes resent this
~tnsturs of senatorial life. LegiSla-
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Controversy Over Rules.

In the first article of this series I
expressed the opinion that one rule
of the Senate should be changed. 1t
should be made impossible for the
Senate to go into executive session
and deliberate in secret except on
very extraordinary occasions. But
the rules to which Vice President
Dawes referred were the rules gov
erning debate. What about these?
Let me present the views of both
sides in the controversy.
A very substantial majority of the
Senate, regardless Of party, are op-
posed to changing the rules that gov
ern debate. They ask several rather
pertinent questions.
The present rules. with slight modi-
fications, have been in existence for
more than a century. In what in
stance, they ask, have these rules
resulted in irreparable injury to the
republic?
What specific important legislative
proposal has ever failed because of
the exercise, by Senators, Of every
method permitted under the rules to
delay, postpone or defeat action?
With all it's faults. the Senate of
the United States is today the great
est forum in the world In fact, 1t
is undoubtedly the only open legisla-
tive forum left. What made il such?
| have no hesitancy in answering
The rules-the present rules of the
Senate-have given it this distinction
The deliberations of the Senate
were never followed with such inter
est by the public as they are today
Once the House made decidedly
more vivid Sppeal EoERsrlX III
Evening star., 1925-04-26
AS WALSH SEES SENATE

1T has been years Vice President
such the body which
(Referring Vice President Dawes address
"A substantial majority regardless partv
is opposed to changing the rules that govern
With all faults of he United States is the
in the world. such? I
have hesitancy answering The the
Senate-have this distinction
I'm but of
the House
1T who for
reform"
"Filbuster frequent thanf formerly"
MY attitude that under the
that there ought
of legislation has been blocked fbuster in
pending
other important alendar
AT the do not by means belle the
present system has had seriously detrimental results
ieve that the open forum should be preserved"
Evening star., 1925-04-26
BY DAVID L. WALSH.
Formerly Governor Of Massachusetts,. Re-
Gently United States Senator.

~ n the 4th of March a political
leader came into the Vice
\ J Presidency and surprised
~ and shocked the United
States Senate by reading 1t a
lecture on its unbusinesslike pro
cedure, which, he said, permitted
minority to defeat the will of the ma
jority.
1t has been many, many years since
a Vice President has aroused such
resentment in the body over which
1t is his duty to preside. The manner
and delivery of his inaugural were,
in my opinion, most inappropriate,
for the position and the occasion.
That was the day for the most solemn
of national ceremonies, the inaugura-
ton of a President Of the United
States. 1t was not the day for a
Vice President to assert himself. The
office expects of it's incumbent per-
functory remarks to the Senate on
three occasions-when he comes into
the office, when he receives foreign
statesmen or diplomats marshall had
several such occasions during and fol-
lowing the recent war;, and when his
term of Office expires.
Vice President Dawes belabored the
Senate. / have never seen an au-
dience so chagrined as was the Sen
day of March, The administration
and it's friends were humiliated; the
Senators without exception were
dumfounded. Mr.. Dawes in his in
augural started a nationwide discus
sion of the Senate, and Is now con-
tinuins his attack upon the Senate
rules
Evening star., 1925-04-26

ton moves forward slowly; the now
conner wants to expedite business.
But the long termed Senator would
not feel at home in the Senate with
out freedom of debate The expan-
sive rules are considered unique and
useful, and give the deliberations
much of their fascination. Because
of them the whole atmosphere of
the Senate sometimes changes in a
Hash. This is why the Senate gall
leries are crowded, while the House
galleries are empty.
Place Faith i'm Rules.
1t is difficult to find a Senator who
has served more than two terms who
does not place implicit faith in the
value of the present rules. 1t is the
newcomer. like Dawes. who protests,
and presses for a reform. To the
senior Senators this type of new
conner is like the youthful and in
experienced curate who finds all the
methods of the old pastor oppressive,
and Zealously sets about to reform
the aged precedence and the long,
obtained practices of the parish.
What are the privileges that the
rules of the Senate permit. now the
target for such spirited criticism?
Briefly stated, the rules of the
United States Senate have for years
permitted any Senator, when a mo-
ton is before the Senate relating to
pending legislation to address the
body on any subject he desires, and
at any length. regardless of it's rele-
yancy TO the question under consid-
Grafton.
This privilege is and always has
been at times abused. and has led
reformers to advocate two proposed
changes in the rules.
First. they would set limitation
on the time of each Senator's par
ucipation IN dsbate< Secondly. they
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Reform to End Senate's Time Taste Urged.
But Walsh Defends General Rules of Body

would enforce a rule of relevancy.
They would restrict A Senator to dis
cussion of the matter under consid-
alton in the Senate
Evening star., 1925-04-26
The Famous Rule s2,

Filibustering became so prevalent
prior to and during 1917. reaching the
climax with the obstructive tactics
employed against President Wilson's g
shipping program, that the now fa-
nous Rule % was adopted
Rule % was an attempt to establish
in the Senate a modified cloture pro-
vision. Vice President Dawes in his
inaugural was especially critical of
this rule. To his thinking. it is in
effective in ending the alleged evil
of unlimited debate. The rule pro-
vides for the application of cloture,
with debate thereafter limited TO one
Continued on Fiitasnth- -Paxsa
Evening star., 1925-04-26
Would Benefit Majority.


Adoption of these rules would ben
eft the majority party. The pres
ent rules of the Senate give the
minority its weapons. The absence
of effective rules for closing debates
assists the minority in getting com
promises from the majority. Where
1t is deemed politically advanta geous,
the minority may successfully OBJ
struct the legislative program of
the majority.
Both Republican and Democratic
ma jorities in recent years have had
their legislative programs brazenly
obstructed and their favorite meas
ures ruthlessly defeated. The mi
nority has taken advantage of it's
prerogative under the rules, and in
dulged in what is known as filibus-
tering. 1t has talked bills to death.
Filibusters are not more numerous
now than formerly. The Harding and
Coolidge administrations have had
fewer measures thus obstructed than
were "sent to death" by filibusters
during President Wilson's two terms.
Strange to say, in all the efforts
made in the past to abolish the fill
buster as a weapon of Senate minori-
ties to block legislation there has been
no party division. On every occasion
in our history the principle of un-
limited debate has been strongly up
held by the minority, whether Repub-
lican or Democratic.
If the issues were merely fhe formu-
lation of a rule which would provide
/ an effective limitation upon an OBJ
structive debate, the Senate would
readily reach an agreement. But this
is not so easy. 1t is difficult to limit
obstructive debate without limiting
constructive debate
After all is said and done. one Of
the creditable things about the Sen
ate is that every important subject is
thoroughly and comprehensively de-
: bated. A free-for-all debate has and
does result in better legislation. The
records will show. / believe. that most
legislation that Is finally enacted by
the Senate has had thorough and
penetrating discussion of the most
minute and detailed features, invari.
ably to the public advantage
On the other hand, it is true some
measures are actually killed by OBJ.
structive tactics made possible by the
laxity Of the present Senate rules. A
ship subsidy bill and the Dyer anti
lynching bill were both killed in the
last Congress by filibustering
Evening star., 1925-04-26
BY FRANK II. sIMONDs.

~ ARIS.-The fall of the Herriot
- ministry, long forecast. long de-
layed and at last coming as ex-
l. pected, marks the end of one
Evening star., 1925-04-26

lContinusd-cn Eiiteenth' PsSasA
Evening star., 1925-04-26


As / write this article announce
ment is made of a combinat ton cab
met of Painleve, Caillaux and BRAND
The first two names are fairly sig
nificant of the present situation
Painleye is the man who as war
minister is held responsible in many
quarters for the failure of the French
offeI%ive at the Aisne in 1917. which
led 10 the temporary decentralization
of the French army. AS prime min
lister, "a little later, he brought France
to the edge of defeat by his hopeless
Incompetence. the defeat which was
only averted by the coming of
Clemenceau.
CaillauX is the man who was ex-
PEELED from France during the war
for alleged communication with the
enemy, and only narrowly escaped
facing a firing squad. He is held
the ablest financier in France, but
his name and. his fame are such a.
4Continusd-cn Fifteenth PsgaA
Evening star., 1925-04-26

Middle at home. danger abroad,
this was the situation which was
gradually leading toward an explosion
when the financial crisis interviewed.
A year ago the financial crisis had
been terminated by prompt and dras.
tic measures of Poincare, taken. to be
sure. tardily: but now France felt IL
self on the verge of far more Sc
rious crisis. and the best that the
Radical-Socialist ministry could hold
out was a form of capital levy to-
f1ation.
At the critical moment when the
whole country was alarmed, Herriot
with characteristic stupidity, quarrel
cd ON the floor ct the Senate With his
Evening star., 1925-04-26

- RANCE is in better condition economi-
H caly than any European nation which
was engaged in the World War or any
nation which came into existence by
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-01-15
Assert Protective
Tariff Needed
In Cattle Business

Washington, Jan 14-President
Coolidge was advised today by his
agricultural commission that exist
ing finance agencies are able to ham
die the credit emergency in the live
stock industry but that a new land
policy, revision of transportation
charges and a protective tariff are
reeded to put the cattle business on
a sound footing.
In a preliminary report in which
it reserved it's recommendations con-
corning the tariff and freight rates,
the commission declared 1t had
sought a solution of the live stock
iroblem through better utilization OF
existing government institutions in
sympathy wit the presidents desire
for decreased tax burdens and furth-
er simplicity of governmental opera
tons"
Amendment of the agricultural
credits act to eliminate the provision
prohibiting rediscounting by the
credit banks of loans negotiated by
agencies having federal charters was
suggested.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-01-15
German Counter
Proposal Defers
Break with France

Paris. Jan. IA (By A. PA final
break in the Franco German COM
mercial negotiations was avoided
this afternoon when DR.. Trendelen-
burg. chief of the German delegation
submitted to Minister of Commerce,
Raynally. a counter proposal to the
French proposition for a modus vi
vendi.
The French minister Of commerce
had submitted proposition to the
Germans Monday which, it was
hoped, would obviate the difficulties
surrounding the recent expiration of
the customs provisions of the Yer
sailles treaty. These ended on Jan.
10. The modus vivendi was suggest
ed pending the development of a
more permanent accord. Instead OF
an answer to this proposition the
Germans today presented counter
proposals which the French delega-
ton decided to examine This throws
the crisis over until Friday when the
French are expected to give their
reply.
The Germans, it appears. want to
reserve the right to increase the tar
if on articles at will not conceding
the same right to France. In sub
stance. the French claim. the Ger
mans demand the benefit of the most
favored nation clause without Offer
ing anything in exchange.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1925-01-15
Use of Any Time But
Standard Would Be
Punished by
$500 Fine
Resolve Calls for Commission
to Investigate Question of
Bridge Across Kennebec-
Gov. BaXter's VetOes Sus-
tained-Bill Offered to Take
Place of Present Primary
Law

A fling at Daylight Saving time
making it unlawful for any town or
municipality to vote for or estab-
lish any other system of time than
United States Eastern Standard
Time" provision for a commission to
investigate the relative merits of
Bath and Richmond as the site of
the proposed Kennebec bridge, and
provisions that all nominations of
candidates for any State or county
office including United States Sena-
tor, member of Congress and member
of the Legisla ture shall be made in
and by the conventions, are the
"high lights" of the bills introduced
Wednesday morning in the Maine
Legislature.
Governor Bakers Vetoes Sustained
The Senate unanimously voted to
sustain the veto of Governor Baxter
on the resolve to retire the Maine
Forestry District deficit. the re-
solve to pay for egg Holsters pur-
chased in 1922, and the bill to con-
tinue the Maine Water Power Com
mission. The other two vetoes of
Governor. Baxter were unanimously
sustained by the House, these vetoes
being on the appropriation of $40.
600 for the construction and equip
ment of an infirmary and dispen-
sary at the State school for Girls at
Hallowell. and the appropriation to
provide an engine for the State
boat Pauline"
Representative Hamilton of Carl
bou told the members of the House
that all moneys for these measures
were appropriated by the Legislature.
Continued on Page 12-col. ~