davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Russian-Japanese
Trade Is Booming
as Result of Treaty
Continued from page u

Continued from page u
an can likewise expect to sell good
many of her products in the U. s.,
S. R.: among such products there may
be mentioned paper, fishing nets and
various fishing equipment, raw silk
and, generally, raw materials for the
Soviet silk industry, and so forth.
Beats Pre-War Record.
According to the latest customs
returns, the general Soviet-Japanese
trade turnover in 1923-24 reached 15,-
100000 rubles, which was about three
times as much as in 1913. To pro-
mote trade relations with the u. S.
S. r. there is no need to organize
any special combine of Japanese
firms.
Following the conclusion of the
commercial treaty, there win be es-
tablished Soviet trade mission in
Japan, which will enter upon direct
business relations with Japanese com
mercial and industrial concerns. At
the same time, however, it would be
useful to organize Ruuso-Japanese
chamber of commerce, where Japan
csc businessmen concerned could OBJ
tain all the necessary information on
The position Of the market and the
respective laws of the U. S. S. r., and
which could enter upon close rela-
tions with the Oriental cham
Der of commerce and other similar
organizations.
Soviet Trade Commissions.
ut is, OF course, difficult to say
Just now how many trade missions
the U. s. s. r. would establish in
Japan" Mr.. Ganetzky further stated,
"as II would depend on the actual de.
velopment Of trade relations. But I
believe 1t would be useful for all par.
ties concerned to open Soviet trade
organs in some other big commercial:
centers Of Japan. beside Tokyo, such
as Osaka, Hakodato, etc"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04

me corporation can continue cash
dividends for number Of years even
If it shuts down altogether.
Wages Cut as Profits Pile Up.
In the last 10 years the average
wage paid by the corporation in
creased from 1925 in 1915 to s2,178 in
1920 and then fell to $1,794. The av-
erage worker employed right through
the period received a total OF SIS, $50
for production worth $3S,040. He
turned over a profit of s7,104 to the
owners. In the two years 1916 and
1917 workers averaging wages OF
s1,041 and $1,295 provided the owners
with profits Of 1891 and s1,1O2 re-
spectively.
For the entire period OF the corpor~
atoms history the owners sitting IN
comfort have received so per cent as
much in profits as the hundreds OF
thousands Of workers have been paid
for % years Of gruelling work.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Peru Feels Cheated
Over Award Giving
Nitrate to Chile

WASHINGTON, April Public in
dignation in Peru against the Hughes
Coolidge award Of the Tacna-Arica
nitrate territory to Chile. under the
thin disguise of a plebiscite in which
only Chileans will vote in large num-
bers, has forced Leguia, the dictator
president, to send to Washington a
note demanding notifications of the
award. He asked that American
forces be sent to the disputed region
TO protect Peruvians during the taking
Of the vote. II his demands were not
complied with, he would not accept
the award and would take no part
in the plebiscite.
Ambassador Velarde hesitated to
convey this ultimatum to Coolidge.
The White House and state depart
ment learned its text when someone
else in the Peruvian embassy gave it
to the newspapers. Then pressure
was applied, and over the weekend
Velarde got new instructions which
toned down the demands to polite re-
quests. Perus government now sug-
gests that native constabulary be
organized to control the plebiscite and
its preliminaries. This new note was
delivered to Secretary Kellogg. But
all the world had meanwhile been In
formed that the Peruvians felt that
they had been cheated out Of their
territory by the Hughes.C Coolidge de-
cision.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
CnnI InGE STEEI
VOVLEDOE " @MA
STOCK GOT HIM
$500 LAST YEAR
Steel Trust Cleaned Up
$153,114,811

Workers in the steel mills Of the
U. S. Steel Corp during 1924 turned
over to the owners a profit Of $685.
114,S11. Calvin Coolidge's share OF
this amounts to $3.50 while George II
Baker, dean of New York bankers and
largest stakeholder, gets $690,5O
Calls share on his steel trust hold
ings just about equals the wages on
which the average steel workers fam
fly is supposed to live for four months.
Bakers haul would cover the entire
years budget of S87 families in the
steel towns
Profits Double the Investment.
Profits OF the corporation since its
organization in 1901 have totaled S.
.517S48,727 or more than twice the
capitalization, nearly half of which
was water. Out of this enormous
total S2,OS7, III 900 has been available
for dividends on the preferred and
common stock. This represents about
four times the actual investment rep
resented by stock at the time of or
ganization. The corporation has paid
$1,176, 473,76S in cash dividends.
The water in the common stock has
been squeezed out by annual appro-
priations for new construction out Of
surplus profits. These have totaled
S1,210, 662,572, thus placing behind the
common stock which originally repre-
sented little If any investment value
Of around S23S a share. Thus the real
investment represented by the COM
mon stock has been put in by under
paid workers and overcharged con-
sumers and the s595,96OOOO in cash
dividends to common stockholders
has been little more than legalized
robbery.
Story Told by Figures.
Figures of interest to labor in the
last two annual reports are:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
nDEM cUnD Tn M
VI LIV UUUI ~ W.
DRIVE AGAINST
STRONG UNIONS
Miners and Building
Unions in Line
BY LELAND oLDs.


Watch the open shop pincers tight,
en- on the organized coal miners. The
golden age for the American invest
ment empire requires a subservient
worRing class at home. ODer shop
Is the domestic side OF imperialism.
The war left three powerful labor
groups that could challenge the div
inc right of the money lords: the rail-
road workers, the mine workers and
the building trades Other strong I'M
Ions did not so directly threaten basic
industry in which the financial dicta-
torship is intrenched.
Administer "Brsadllne Cure
Open shop strategy since 1920 has
been to starve these groups into sub
mission one at time, to administer
what the capitalist press calls the
unemployment cure"
First the railway shopmen, the
stronghold of the metal workers. In
less than a year, about 100000 were
laid off and the railroads either let
the work slide or contracted it out
at exorbitant cost to nonunion con-
Germs. 1t was an informal lockout
which the unions fought bitterly but
vainly. After two years in which tens
of thousands had little employment
or none, the railroads forced the 1922
shop strike. And the government
hacked the railroads
Heavy Losses in Metal Trades.
The metal trades unions lest heav-
lily in membership, lost their entire
right to represent the employees on e
majority of roads, and lost their mil
itancy. Strike action was at a dis
count, cooperation with capital on a
poor-relation basis at premium.
Then open shop hit the miners. I'm
ion mines in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio,
West Virginia, Kentucky and the
southwest were forced to part-time, in
many instances to complete shut
down, while nonunion mines exceed
ed all records. Later union mines in
outlying districts cautiously opened
| on a nonunlon, basis.
Recently the Cleveland conference
of operators in the central field was
put forward as a feeder with the hint
that if it proved ineffective toward
the capitulation of the union the lock-
out would extend to Pennsylvania
The Pittsburgh lockout followed. The
union has been forced TO threaten ex-
pulsion for locals working fake CO.
operative scheme in order to evade
the agreement and get jobs.
Who is next? There are the build
ing trades, protected so far by the un-
usual housing demand. And beyond
them the more strongly intrenched
railroaders.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Bill Lee Now Out
for Stones Scalp
Using Lewis Gun

CLEVELAND. - The Warren s.
Stone-John L. Lewis war is raging on
a new front. Pres. William S. Lee,
Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, is
distributing $500 copies OF Lewis
pamphlet charging Stone and his as.
sociates with operating a nonunion
coal mine in West Virginia. Lee and
Stone have been at swords points for
years. Lee has held back from coop
Grafton with the Is vtner railway or
ganizations which united to publish
Labor, the national rail labor weekly,
and refused to Join the Conference for
Political Action which sponsored the
LaFollette insurgent presidential cam.
paign last fall. ea
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
BIG CAPITAL
GRABBING BIG
FARM FACTORIES
Tenants and Proletariat
Increasing

"The danger is that it is already
too late to find a remedy short of
revolution" writes Herbert Quick in
his book The Real Trouble With the
Farmers. He sees a class conscious
farm proletariat coming into existence
as a result of the increase in land val
ues due to the complete occupation
of all good farm land.
Most writers, he says, are ignoring
the fact that farm tenantry has in
creased until it is the controlling fac
tor in the condition Of the farmer. 1t
controls the majority of the farms in
most of our richest farming districts
When to the proportion of farms un.
der tenantry is added the other farm
areas which are mortgaged and the
owners of which are in fact if not in
law merely tenants, it embraces a
vast majority Of the farms in the
United States.
Farm Tenantry On Increase.
Farm tenantry increases with such
rapidity because land grows so valu-
able that a poor man cannot buy it
and pay for it. Farms in good farm
ing regions are not for people in even
moderate circumstances, as working
people go. Lands which sold for So
an acre in my boyhood have been sold
in recent years for $500 an acre. Rich
people in towns and cities bid with un.
varying success against the dirt
farmer for the ownership Of farms"
Quick points out that this passing
of the land into the hands Of the rich
is increasing the average size Of
farms. The 4O-acre and SO-acre farms
OF yesterday have been combined into
S2O-acre farms worth 100000 to $780,
900. Once young men could buy and
equip farm with the savings of a
number of years. labor. Now that is
impossible where land is good.
New Farms Cattle Factories
The curse Of landlordism, he says
settles on a region wherever the land
increases in value. It results in farms
which lack flowers, shrubs and fruits.
1t produces farms which are merely
corn, hog, wheat and cattle factories.
Remedies such as lower freight
rates. diversiication, farm credits ant
cooperation, he says, will eventually
only boost the valueeof lands and the
farmers will be no better off. He cites
an instance in which cooperation with
better system Of rural credits raised
the price of land 200 per cent, 300
per cent and 500 per cent until II
became too valuable for g poor man
TO hold.
The farm rental system in the
United States is described as the
worst in the world. To find one as
bad we must go to prewar Russia,
It is rackrenting, a system in which
the landlord has the legal right to get
as much out Of his land as he can. II
Is filling the land with people on q
peon scale Of living.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Weeks to Lease Power PIant.

OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES of War
Weeks is getting ready to advertise
for bids for the hydro-electric power
about 100000 horsepower which will
be generated at the Wilson dam, Mus
Gle Shoals, beginning about July l.
Inasmuch as the power can be dispos-
ed of for only a brief time without
the consent of congress, which refus-
ed to finally enact the Underwood
leasing bill, 1t is anticipated that the
General Electric power trust will bid
III this Juice" at a small fraction of
its commercial value.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Seven Hurt IN Fire.

Seven flremen were injured by an
explosion that occurred at FIRE in
the Fillmore Paint shop, 1880 Roose-
welt Road. The fire spread to the
Central Park Hand Aaundry, where
5 girls were working, but they were
nharmed. The building was de-
stroyed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
NEXT EXPLOSION
May KILL men
IN ILLINOIS Mine
Panama Mine Ignoring
All Safety Rules
BY TOM rIPPErr.

PANAMA, ILL.,, April Eff you hear
OF another mine explosion with scores
Of coaldiggers blown to atoms, don't
be surprised if the report comes from
Panama. The men employed in the
Cosgrove Meehan Coal Co. mine here
declare disastrous blast may occur
any minute and have lodged a protest,
to prevent it, with the Illinois mine
inspector. Tho present owners re-
Gently bought the mine and have in.
augurated a system to cut the cost of
coal production that breaks the law to
such al extent that the men threaten
to strike.
The Panama mine is the most case
GUS pit in the Taylorville district, &C
cording to the state examiner. Three
explosions in the past decade have
burnt % miners to death. Almost every
explosion in a coal mine is caused
when coal dust which accumulates in
the haulage ways is set off by gas,
accidentally ignited. Coal dust is
highly combustible. The state min
ing law requires this dust to be re-
moved and all haulage ways kept
sprinkled with water. This work is
done on the night shift to prevent
jamming the work schedule of the
day force. After the explosions in
Panama the old company constantly
kept a night crew of 1875 men on safe
ty work. One gang did nothing but
clean roads.
Air Courses All closusd Up.
The new company reduced this
force of 1875 to ~ men. No mine roads
are cleaned any longer. Air courses
have become cloRged and the main
air current is now being circulated
through an abandoned section Of the
mine before it reaches one Of the
working sections. The danger of this
lies in the fact that the old workings
are full Of gas which has been blocked
in by concrete walls. That part of
the mine is now squeezing (the earth
settling into the worked-out cham
bers). The squeeze has cracked
three Of the concrete walls. When the
crack releases gas the air current will
carry it to the working section. Six
hundred men are in that mine on
working days.
The Panama miners, having gone
through explosions before. sent for
the state mine Inspector. John Mill
house, the inspector, has Just finished
S-day examination Of the mine. His
report, posted at the mine top, cites
four main haulage ways as Every
dusty and dirty" Another haulage
way is usually dirty" His recon
mendations in part read: "All haul
age ways mentioned must be cleaned
and sDrinkled with water often" The
squeeze section is not ordered closed
10 the air current but sit must be
watched and examined regularly be-
fore the men go down"
The miners object and say the earth
settles by day as we'll as night and
that a new air course should be pro-
vided.
Company Says Profits Come First.
None Of the changes have been
made. The company claims is it un-
able to run the mine at a profit If it
must abide by the state laws.
II the Panama mine blows up again
there will be no need for a commits
sion to determine why it happened.
The miners, the inspector and the
company will know why In advance.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Big Business Knows
the Value of Having
Unity Against Labor
(speelaI ID La palIy Workerl

WASHINGTON, April 1.-TWO hun
bred trade associations and 100 To-
cal chambers of commerce throughout
the country are affiliated with the
U. S. chamber of commerce, whose
headquarters are in Washington
Three fourths OF the revenues OF the
national body come from associate
and sustaining memberships, held by
big merchants, manufacturers, bank
ers, etc, In whose name the national
officers speak to the governmental
chiefs.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Mob Violence.

NEW ORLEANS, April 2.-Judge Be-
attic sitting in the federal court has
denied the right of Sol P. Dacus to a
new trial against the Great Southern
Lumber Co. for 10000 for damages
growing out Of the anti-union mob.
bling at Bogalusa in 1920. Dacus with
other union labor men was mistreated
by Liberty league, composed of citi-
Gems and employees of the lumber com.
pany when the union tried to secure
adequate wages and better housing.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04

PARIS. France, April 2. - The
French delegates negotiating for a
Franco-German commercial treaty
withdrew today, after failure to agree
with the Germans over German buy
ing of French. exports.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Collection at Unity
Conference for Irish
Relief and Defense

The collection taken up at the unity
demonstration held in the Ashland Au.
dltorlum last Sunday afternoon
amounted 10 $276.5o. Those who have
had tickets to sell are requested e
make returns for same as soon as pos.
sible.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
Put Polish Prizes, On TnaL

MOSCOW.-As a result Of the Sow
let protest the Polish consul. at Mingk
announced today he rad turned over
to the Soviet the Polish priest Ussast.
who will be taken to Leningrad COR
trial on a charge of lasting young
girls.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
State Spends Millions.

SPRINGFIELD. ILL.,, April 2.-Seven
senate bills making an appropriation
OF $142,OO0,O0O was passed by the
house today and sent to the governor
for his signature.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04

Get a sub for the DAILY
WORKER from your shopmate
and you will make another mem.
Der for your branch.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04
AS WE SEE 1T
BY r. }. o'FLAHERTY.
Continued from Page u

Continued from Page u
duty. Arthur used to be a radical, or
at least something to the left of the
socialist party. But lately he has
been travelling so far to the right that
he is scraping the polish of Victor
Berger's heels. Hearst's foremost CO.
lumnist has an idea that warships are
out of date and the airplane is a much
more effective weapon for raining
death on the heads of any people
foolish enough to get fresh with Wall
Streets government. Arthur is an old
man, and it would not be fair to post
pone the next massacre until he pas
SEES away.
IT is not so certain that Otto Braun
/ will be the next Prussian premier
by grace of the democratic and
catholic parties. The socialists offered
to back the catholic Wirth for the
presidency Of the republic in return
for the Prussian premiership. But
the catholics decided to throw their
votes to a democrat, leaving the So
cialists up in the air. The latter are
now scurrying, around trying to find
a market for their seven million votes.
If the kaiser isn't dead broke he can
have them. The yellows are out for
the dough.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04

Subscribe for the DAILY
WORKER!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-04-04

Figures OF interest TO labor In q
last two annual reports are:
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-06-17
NOTAS FDITORIAIFs
EL BIENEsTAR DE IA NINEZ

uno ds los mas beos proyectos de ley presentados
esta legislature ei 133 DEF Senado por medic del cua
nuesfo esado amigo 81 sehor conzalez Mena propone
e-ear una Junta de biensstar de Ia Miner.
Oasis en 81 ceseftc. dianaante ncFustado una nina
De carbon este proyecto Ia ente agada de topaz
cen as IDEAS mas absurds los mas burdos propostos VIE
Wsne e cuFioso nctar del msmo oganis-
puedsn canee5ss ncatyas tan disiles como esta del
eefoT Gonzalez Mena "a inernaho retahia de otras
cue "a ostAWcs acostmbrados. Con e pismo caor con
fax aprQbsra ahora proyecto que mas puro
sennpenfo huUantaro IA mas profunda sabdura han he
cho geTn1Inar. sfsebs
uchas nuestra sla ha intentado atacar de fen
e an pfobea % al nascendencia e de nuestos
nos, poro esferxos senpre nadcs era escasa
80 nagnfud para cub extension tan grande Resulta
dssgacla sola gotta Las lncatvas ndvduaes ianas
puderon ogfar enafee uy adenTo por esta enmaraada
sesA tFRen cue espera que e homhre venga ponerIa
Green mate les pianfas naias ceCe los pantanos. lmpe
81 Haasma IA enfennedad huyan de ella Simpatica obra
On veFuad es esfa. dgna de espus mobiles av
zoFes cue - entFan en- 81 porsenr
20 IL ucha dc Ia generation que favor de la
Cue Nene ocupar puesto. e deseo de nfanca
meor peparada Fesoser nuestros problemas
ayuoa cue 10 daos los que ningna tvimos para que
40 Gags en nuesffos snos errores Con e camno mas
pedo fecfo. con IA bF1ua 10 dannos gue
con Ia sox Do aento haceos legar oidos sera
tan desoiada areha haca tuno nj Ia derroa
ehaFe tanto detTAs De cada euva.
La cfeacon de Junta de Benestar Ia Nhez sio-
mica In csinuclcn de nuesro analfabetsmo. gope de
nueFao u ooaeneracon. oportuno preventive nestra
eFnadao aaFnante sobe los escobros de tantos ma
les esanfa nuesfa salud tslea moral Ortaece la
aFnenta Dc fieeo nuestras ambcones nuestros
idsaies inaividuaes eolsetivos.
q proyecto del sehor Gonzalez Mena uno de los que
y da PRESTIGE nuesa legislature De coraz6n 10 en-
cosaos estndo SECURES oe que e pals entero sabra es
Ell seAoF conzasx Msna senador por AguadiIIa tene
husstFa telieitaclon por 50 feliz proyecto.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-06-17
la verdad.
Ell CoMITE TERRITORIAL
Sc REUNE

Preguntamos al se1or Gonza-ez
Mena por la reunion del Cornite Te
rritorial del Partido Republican,
Puertorriqueno y nos dijo 10 81
guiente:
En- Ia reunion celebrada hoy por
Ell Comite Territorial del Partido
Repuhlcano Ruertorriquefio, asistie
ron Los miemoros del mismo, seho-
res Jose Tous Soto, Luis Sanchez
Morales, Jaime Sire Tarafa, Juan
b sotos Jose Rosario Gelpi, doc
tor Herrero, Oscar Nevarez, Jose
Victor Figueroa, Jose +. Aponte,
Laurentino Estrella, Juan H. Ra-
mos, Guillermo Godreau, j. Pons
y Enrique Gonzalez Mena.
Los senores Traveller Y Perez
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-06-17
Marchand Sc excusaron pOr tele-

Marchand Sc excusaron pOr tele-
grafo.
RENO en- toda la session una gran
cordiandad.
Sc discutieron distintos prob,-
mas y Sc lego a una formula po-
Utica, cue. sera sometida al Direc-
torio de la Alianza para en- defini
tiva, 81 Sc llega un acuerdo, lle-
varla q la. asamblea fusionista.
La question economical fue Ell
punto mas importante a conside-
rar. Ell proDlema de Ia falta de
trabajo, ell bienestar de La ninez,
abaratamiento de los articulos de
primera necesidad, defendiendo asi
la mesa del pobre, fueron conside-
radios ampliamente.
Sc discuti6 la manera de yer CO..
mo SO atraen a este pals a las IA
bricas de Estados Unidos Conti-
nentales para que establezcan en-
Puerto Rico sucnrsales de sus gran
(Continda en- la pdg. 6.)