davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Constantinople's Odd
Mayor Is Energetic

DR.. Ermine Bey, mayor Of Constan.
tinople. is the object of considerable
ribald comment in local newspapers.
The physician-executive is always
Starting something" and, unlike most
Turkish officials, does not suppress a
newspaper and send its editor to the
gtbbet for falling to praise him. He
has accomplished much in the I'm
provement of the ancient capital. If
all his DEGREES were enforced the city
would be even better. Beggars, street.
walkers, stray dogs. automobile speed.
ing-the legal limit is s miles an
hour. but a chauffeur is ashamed to
drive less than 40-are all under the
ban. The police have spurts of vfgi-
lance, but the mayor is always q
stickler for the enforcement of his
DEGREES. Recently while inspecting the
new road along the Bosporus he pass.
ed the cemetery Of Messar-Bournou.
He was not pleased and he spat Wig.
orously. Expectorating is prohibited
by one Of his DEGREES. Too late he
remembered it, so he fined himself S.
on the spot and paid the amount to
his secretary. Last year he fined
himself $40, holding himself respon.
sible-because the chimney had not
been cleaned-for q flre In his resi-.
dence.
Evening star., 1925-11-01

that was far more generous In what
It gave than in what I could give to
it. I imagined easily and complai-
sanity a loose and vague condition Of
benevolence in which everything was
intended for the best and every one
got what he deserved. Then the war
came, and, with its coming, a vague
sense of fear that had been with me
ever since I was a small child at a
private school was translated into
very positive experience.
y 4
Like millions of others, I, who had
never before seen more than the
death of a bird. witnessed day after
day every kind Of horror; indeed, 1
believe that the retreat of the Rus
sian army back to Tarnopol In the
second year Of the war offered even
more persistent experiences of hor-
ror, distress and wasted life than
many other phases of the war. And
yet undoubtedly the main experience
that I got from the war was the un-
importance of physical death. Again
and again and again 1t was impressed
on me, whether l wished it or not,
that the cessation of bodily life did
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Brooks Comet Is Seen
By Chicago Observatory

Brooks comet. which was discovered
on September "a by Albitzky and
Sha5n, astronomers at the Simeis OBJ
servatory. In Russia, has been observ-
ed at the Yerkes Observatory of the
University Of Chicago. In a state.
ment to Science Service, Prof. Edwin
B. Frost, director Of the observatory,
stated:
THE comet was photographed by
Prof. George Van Biesbroeck early in
the morning OF September 20. 1t was
not brighter than the thirteenth mag
nitude, and 1t will not become much
brighter. This was discovered first by
BROOKS IN 1883, and 1t has been faint
at each Of the i've returns 1t has made
since then =.
Evening star., 1925-11-01

this second life became increasingly
anxious to avoid falsehood with re-
regard to 1t; told myself that 1t was
there because I wished it, or because
1 was sentimental, or because I was
egoistic and could not bear to think
OF my own individuality fading into
nothing in so short time, or because
I cared for certain people very deeply
and did not wish that physical death
should separate US, or because the
idea Of Immortality Of one kind or
another gave the whole OF life a large
ness and beauty that it otherwise did
not have.
I began to read a good deal on
mystical subjects. but my brain Is
neither philosophical nor accurate,
and ! found that in general I got
very little help from books. More
over, I discovered after a while that
this second life continued to develop
and grow, apart from anything that
I did or wished. Its growth did not
influence very greatly my actions; l
was not on the whole better man
because of It; my good actions sprang
in the main from social or personal
causes, because / did not wish to
hurt some ones feelings, because I
was afraid OF public opinion. or be-
cause / was afraid Of myself; but l
did discover that, as time passed, the
horizon widened, my values changed.
things became interesting to me that
had never been interesting before,
I wanted more time for silence and
quiet, not because I began to think
rnarvelously or experience any kind
of remote ecstasies, but it was rather
as though something was pushing its
way, In spite OF myself, through the
stuff OF my nature. l began TO be-
lieve with Keats that the purpose of
life was the education Of the soul.
I am well aware how desperately
vague this is. No man Of 40 can
claim that his experience of life is
either final or definite, but at the pres
ent 1 think my credo Is that I be-
lieve that one Of the first necessities
for a human being is an absolute
tolerance of the religious discoveries
Of every other human being. that a
Of our life on this planet accounts
less and less for many Of our inner
experiences, that more and more
clearly as one grows the teachings of
Christ, stripped Of the dogmas that
others have put on them. apply with
amazing wisdom and knowledge tc
modern conditions, and that nc
amount of feeble living and persistent
moral failure on ones own part alters
the fundamental wisdom Of these
teachings.
1t seems to me that in general the
people of our time are passing from
rather blind obedience to dognatic
teaching to an active demand for
some freer. more individual. spiritua!
life. I believe that many men today
would agree with me in this. that
they are experiencing spiritual his
tory almost against their will, and
that the marvellous modern progress
Of science will in the end bring men
moro securely into religious belief
rather than away from It.
tCopyrtKht. l925)
Evening star., 1925-11-01
BY PROF. CHARLES HODGES,
New York University.

Across the Pacific there Is a city
called Peking. Old in Marco Polo's
time. it has seen dynasties come and
dynasties go like the desert dust of
Cobb that blows in from over the
western hills and loses itself in the
Yellow Sea.
But where yesterday in Chinese an
nails the Tribute Bearers" Of the
Outer Barharians" had their en-
bassies refused audience, today the
ENJOYS of IL nations are seated across
the table from a Chinese delegation to
negotiate a new fiscal future for
Cathay's four hundred millions. The
edict Of authority itself is a new man
date for Chinese statesmen-no longer
vermilion-penciled from heaven, but
now springing from the voice of the
people.
China's Awakening.
So the handiwork of the western
world comes back upon itself. The oc-
casion is the parley on customs to
carry out the pledges made China at
the Washington conference in 1922 by
1.-The powers" In this way did the
very nations forcing the Chinese into
| international relations promise to re-
wise the out-of-date tariff provisions
emDOOleQ III IHe uTSI u lilc IlllctcCieii
century treaties now so overwhelm-
! ingly advantageous to the Occfdent.
China's spokesmen, many of them
Western trained, are pleading the case
| of revolution-torn republicanism in
the Orient inspired by popular govern
ment in the New World. Behind and
overshadowing it all is the strident
voice of the new Chinese nationalism,
itself born of the vast upheaval follow
ing the wake of the Great War, when
fastener learned that Westerner was
Of the same common clay.
China's real awakening to the men
ace of world politics has been the re-
suit Of 10 years Of disillusionment.
Her pilgrims progress started with
the notorious 81 demands made by
Japan under the cover of the World
War. Following this diplomatic as
sault on q neighbor today far from
Iforgotten, there came China's defeat at
the peace conference; the disappoint-
ment over the Washington treaties;
the delays putting the promises into
effect, and the tragic collision between
native and foreign interests over the
Shanghai strike and riots.
Whole Outlook Changed.
II Is this fer1nent of the Chinese
masses which surged up to the very
doors of the Peking parley that
changes the whole outlook in the Far
| East. Whipped into a national con-
sciousness, coolie, merchant and gov
ernment official alike share the same
bitter resentment over the rough-shod
course of "westernization" in tho ORR.
Sent.. It's. concomitants have been lae
Evening star., 1925-11-01
BY WILLIAM CABELL BRUCE
Senator from Maryland.

When the tax publicity provisions
Of the present income tax law were
under discussion in Congress they
produced a very decided conflict OF
opinion. On the one hand 1t was
contended that they might afford an
opportunity to one or more members
of the general public to give valuable
information to an internal revenue
collector with reference to an income
tax return lacking in honesty or can.
dor; this contention being predicated
upon the idea that, If for no other
reason, one taxpayer would be in
terested in exposing the delinquency
of another because Of this desire to
see that the latter should not escape
his just share of taxation at the eX-
pense of his fellow-taxpayer.
On behalf of the members Of Con-
gress. who voted for the tax publicity
provisions of the present income tax
law. 1t can be pleaded that publicity
-"pitiless" publicity, If you please
is the very breath Of good govern
ment; that 1t is hard to set any limit
to the extent to which 1t should be
pushed in public affairs; that the pay
ment Of taxes is not a private but
public matter: that all individuals
dislike to pay taxes and that "malfac-
tors Of great" or even little, wealth"
UlSpOSco u W SuDIic VI clduy
devices to evade them; and that in
all the States Of the Union the estates
Of decedents are publicly inventoried,
and that in most of them. at any rate,
ordinary assessments upon real and
personal property are upon to the
public eye.
Such reasoning as this is full of
force for the legislator whose business
it is to promote the general welfare.
1t is not in darkness but in the sun
shine Of the press that the germs of
political depravity-obedient to laws
that govern the life of ordinary bac-
teria-perish.
But the complete answer, however.
to this entire train of reasoning would
seem to be found in the fact that,
acting upon q suggestion from the
writer, the Secretary Of the Treasury
has recently obtained reports from the
sixty-odd internal revenue collectors
Of the country which, although their
contents have not been fully divulged
are known to show that the publicity
provisions Of the present income tax
law have, during the two tax years
that they have been in operation, not
sensibly swollen the revenues of the
Government; but have stimulated into
a high degree of morbid activity not
only the, curiosity Of the ordinary
gossip or Paul Pry, but also that of
all those persons in the business world
who are interested for purposes OF
business solicitation, in one form or
another, in making UP lists Of wealthy
men.
Under these circumstances, 1t would
seem that the Wtsest thing that Con
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Renewed Interest Is Shown
By Public in World Court

and to the far corners Of the world.
But the general sentiment in Con-
gress, as rejecting the sentiment of
the people Of this country, in whose
interests such legislation must be en-
acted, If enacted at all, has not been
sounded out and blaZoned in the daily
press.
Light Sought on Sentiment.
To meet this situation, and to get
an honest view Of what seems to be
the general opinion throughout the
country, interviews have been So
licited-not from those who are
known to be biased or partisan on
this question, but from all sections
and from those who would be likely
to express any group or variant opin-
ion that might show exactly how the
people feel-what the voters Of the
United States want done by Congress
about this country entering the
World Court.
Here are some of them:
Senator Frank B. Willis. Repub-
lican, of Ohio, a member of the for
eign relations committee, says: THE
United States should join the World
Court with the Harding Hughes
Coolidge reservations. With great
modesty I suggest that the proper
reservations are embodied in a reso-
luton which I have introduced and
for the adoption of which l shall
earnestly strive"
The Willis resolution was intro
duced in response to a message OF
the President on February "a. 1928,
accompanied by a letter from the
Secretary of State, asking the favor
able advice and consent of the Sen
ate to the adhesion on the part of
the United States to the protocol of
December 16, 1920, Of signature of
the statute for the Permanent Court
of International Justice without ac-
cepting or agreeing to the optional
clause for compulsory jurisdiction"
Would Provide Reservations.
The signature of the United States
should be affixed to the protocol
only under the following reservations
and understandings, Senator Willis
believes:
% That such adhesion shall not
be taken to involve any legal rela-
ton on the part Of the United States
to the League of Nations. or the as
sumption Of any obligations by the
United States under the covenant of
the League Of Nations constituting
p6I L ol IilC IiOolS VI Cl SdihCS.
(2) THAT the United States will
participate through representatives
designated for the purpose and upon
an equality with the other States,
members, respectively, of the council
and assembly of the League Of Ma
tions, In any and all proceedings of
either the council or the assembly
for the election of judges or deputy
judges of the Permanent Court of
International Justice, or for the fill
ing Of vacancies.
co THAT the United States will
pay a fair share Of the expenses Of
Continued on Eighteenth PageQ.
Evening star., 1925-11-01

not mean the cessation Of spiritual
life.
Spiritual life Is so vague a phrase
that I am reluctant to use 1t, but
what mean is that I became grad
ually suspicious that something Of far
greater import than the life Of the
body was involved in the history Of
each individual. I say suspicious"
because now. at the age of Al, can,
for myself, speak with no positive
certainty. I have witnessed that GER
tainty of immortality in many others,
and / have also many friends to
whom the possibility of anything but
material life seems absurd, but at the
last one can learn only through ones
own experience.
X * X
The important point for me was
that after the second year Of the war
I was conscious in myself of the
existence of some other life besides
my physical one. I had not wished
nor asked for 1t, I had done nothing
definite myself toward the creation
of it; 1t was simply there, as my face
and hands and feet were there.
AS l became increasingly aware OF
Evening star., 1925-11-01

me SecOnd QrttCte 1CtH De pu6-
Hshed nert Sunday In the Edi-
toridl Section Of The Sunday Star.
~ ELIGION has become In these
~ postwar days SO individual a
thing that no one is afraid
y of speaking of 1t. The time
has long passed for religious persecu-
ton, whether social. moral or political,
and I suppose if you were to question
nine out OF ten OF grown men and
women Of today as to their religious
experience they would describe to you
ali evolution through three states of
discovery. First, the child's accept
ance of the dogmas handed over to It
by its elders; second. the adolescents S
reaction against that acceptance. and,
third, the evolution of some positive
personal opinion born Of personal eI-
perience.
I myself passed through exactly
these three stages. I was bred up in
the very heart Of Church of England
teaching, I saw 1t working on every
side Of me; the only grown-up people
I ever saw believed, or appeared to
believe. implicitly in these teachings.
Until l was IS or 19 I did not direct
active thinking about religion. but
simply accepted what I was given;
went to church twice every Sunday
and was bored part Of the time and
sentimentally moved by hymns, emo
tional sermons and lights and colors.
I made the discovery made by all chill
dren-tEat no one was perfect, and
that to be a clergyman or church
worker or q choir boy did not mean
that you were removed from the
world Of hasty temper, ill-speaking
and slandering and dangerous imagin-
ings; I was a choir boy myself. But
I never thought during this period
as to whether the dogmas Of the
Church OF England were for me true
or false; I accepted them as certain.
I was intended to be a clergyman,
and. to give me experience. I was
sent for a year to work in a mission
for seamen in Liverpool. 1t was
there that everything crumbled: be-
fore the realities Of life that I was
now facing was compelled to ask
myself questions. I met constantly
men much older than I, much wiser
than I. and much braver than I. who
did not believe one of the things that
I accepted as true. Suddenly, with
a precipitancy far too crude, I be-
lieved in nothing; I decided that I
would not be a clergyman.
Il X X
From this moment until tie out
break Of war in 1914 I was occupied,
I think, with discovering how beau
tiful and exciting and amusing this
world was, and especially my place In
it. The beauty of nature and the arts
and the human lives around me were
translated easily by me into what
fancied was religion; that Is, myself
was having an exciting time, was In
good health, was free to move about
the world, and was pursuing an art
Evening star., 1925-11-01
CHINESE PARLEY IS CHALLENGE
TOU. S. AS SQUARE DEAL NATION
Cause of the Orient Is Test Case for America in Light
of Arms Conference Promises as the
Traditional Friend.

student movement and the new
learning" spread like wildfire from one
end Of China to the other; Western d.
plomacy and its assaults on the In
tegrity Of China; Western industriali-
zation and its undermining of the an
cient social order of Cathay; Japanese
imperialism and the counterinG of
Bolshevik Russia-all beating in upon
the turmoil of the country in the
throes Of political growing pains.
Though the hub of this critical pass
in Chinese affairs is the new national
ism pulsing through the people, the
spokes running out from it touch upon
the whole range of foreign interests.
Soviet Is Meddling.
On the one hand there Is the astute
meddling of Soviet Russia, capitaliZing
every turn of events to ALLEVIATE China
from the West. The gesture toward
BolsheviSm-not the likelihood of its
revolutionary realization in China-is
one of these outstanding factors. Then
over against the Reds we have Japan
as the third part of a new Asiatic
triangle. The Mikado's land needs to
come to terms with China to protect
the none too favorably situated jap
anese business system from loss Of it's
outstanding market. for 1t must end
the almost constant sabotage of Japan
and things Japanese If Nippon is to
prosper. In contrast to the juggling
of high politics by Japanese and Rus
sian diplomats, Britain, like Japan,
has economic stakes Of vast dimen-
sions in China; Manchester, like
Osaka, must sell to Chinas millions.
Then there must be fitted into the
picture the colonial stakes of France
! as a neighbor of China, the political
interests of Italy and the diplomatic
concern of half a dozen of the smaller
European nations whose treaty rela-
tionS make them pawnS In the larger
game of great stakes dominated by
the handful of principal powers.
U. S. Friend to China.
To Americans. however, the interest
Of the Unitde States is neither the
protection Of vested economic privi-
leges nor the fortifying of our diplo-
matte position at the expense of rivals.
These events ten thousand miles
from Washington are tied up closely
with out diplomacy - the traditional
friend of China, from the day Of the
Burlingame treaties down to the open
door of Secretary of State Hay and
the Hughes pronouncementS of 1922,
the United States has her own pres
| tlSe at stake as the exponent or, the
| square deal. 1t has been talked about
a lot in discussions over transpacific
| problems and policies, but 1t has never
| had any wide currency in the cold re-
| alities Of the Far East. The cause of
| China Is test case for the United
| States; can we meet the Chinese stu
! alton squarely In the light of our
| promises?
! yfCouyE!sht. 1e2S.A
Evening star., 1925-11-01
INCOME TAX PUBLICITY END
ADVOCATED BY SENATOR BRUCE
Declares Objective of Move Lost Entirely in Flood OF
Pure Curiosity and Scanning of Lists
for Business Purposes.

gress could do would be to repeal the
tax publicity provisions Of the present
income law, and to rely upon the ex-
traordinary facilities that internal rev.
enue agents Of the Government have
for ferreting out the real means of
taxpayers. Shearing a sheep Is well
enough, even though the shears cut
very close to the skin; but why shear
q hog, when 1t is all cry and no wool?
tCopyright. 1925.l
Evening star., 1925-11-01

~ HE World Court issue-as to
whether the United States
should enter this international
i tribunal of justice and under
what terms or conditions
which is known to be the principal
subject coming before the United
States Senate when it reconvenes in
December, has been given new and
fresh point by the treaty of Lo-
carno" initiated by representatives of
tho powers In western Europe during
the past week.
This momentous pact virtually will
make future wars in Europe impos-
sIble, it is believed by those who have
given intensive study to international
politics and policies and intrarela-
lions, as 1t guarantees inyiolabillty
OF the French, Belgian and German
frontiers. Linked in with It are SIX
treaties between Germany and France,
Belgium, Poland and Czechoslovakia
and between France and her Eastern
allies, Poland and Czechoslovakia. If
either one OF the countries should vio-
late the compact 1t will be the duty
of Great Britain and Italy to lend aid
10 the aggrieved party.
While war is not outlawed by any
of these agreements, 1t Is clear that
the purpose is to prevent warlike
conditions from arising, and, as there
must be arbitration Of all disputes,
Il Is considered logical that If these
treaties receive the ratification OF the
various Parliaments concerned, as Is
confide-t., expected, any disagree
ments would be thrown into the
World Court for settlement, with the
judgment rendered in accordance
with fixed principles of international
Evening star., 1925-11-01
Renewed Interest i'm United States.

AS this pact of Locarno' is gen.
arally believed to be a promising at
tempt by the nations Of Europe to
settle their quarrels on the basis of
reason, 1t is inevitable that renewed
and even more earnest interest Will
be taken in the coming session of the
United States Senate to dispose of
the question whether. and on what
terms, the United States will become
q party to the already existing World
Court.
The attitude of Congress, both
members Of the Senate and of the
House, who are really closer to the
sentiments of the people, is strongly
IN favor of United States participa-
lion in the World Court. with careful
safeguards that none of our national
rights or principles are surrendered
10 disposal by any foreign nations.
This is shown in a canvass OF Con-
Eress. Heretofore in discussions re-
carding the World Court the opinions
have been quoted Of such outstand-
ing leaders as Senators Borah OF
Idaho, Johnson of California, and the
irreconcilabIes, Shields of Tennessee,
recently defeated, and Walsh Of Mon
lana. Their very pronounced views
have become well known throughout
the length and breadth Of the land
Evening star., 1925-11-01

Editors note.-This is the first
of q series Of articles By aCorld
famous authors on the general
subject OF my Religion" a pecul-
idrly timely topic IN rie1c OF pres
ent universal interest in religion.
The second article aciH be pub
Hshed nert Sunday In the Edt-
toridl Section Of The Sunday Star.
Evening star., 1925-11-01
By WILL p. KENNEDY.

r. HE World Court issue-as to
whether the United States
should enter this international
tribunal of justice and under
Evening star., 1925-11-01

y the weeks that have followed the
initiating Of the various pacts of
Locarno there has been in the
United States fairly complete