davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1925-11-12

Rafael H. ElizaIde, former minis
ter of Ecuador. who is in WASH
ington on a special mission for his
country, entertained sixteen at
luncheon today in the Chinese
room of the Mayflower, his guests
being the ENJOYS of the South
American states.
Colonel George W. Harvey
former ambassador to the Court Of
ST. James will arrive in Washing
ton tomorrow from New York City,
and will be a guest at The May
flower.
TAKE DINNER GUESTS
TO EMBASSY FETE
Congressman and Mrs. Fred
Britten. who entertain at dinner
last evening, took their guests
afterward to the reception given
by the Ambassador of Italy and
Nine. de MARITIME in celebration of
the birthday of the King OF Italy.
Among Mr.. and Mrs. Britten's
guests was Theodore Brentano,
American minister to Hungary.
The Secretary of the italian
Embassy ana N111S. MdSCAd gave
an informal dinner last evening
before the italian embassy recep-
ton. Their guests were Major and
Mrs. Robert Goetz, Miss Gladys
Chapman Smith, Miss Gwendolyn
Floulke Smith, Miss Patricia
Ainsa, F. Jazcomoni, T. Ghigi, and
the counselor Of the Italian en-
bassy, Signor Augusta Rosso.
4
Mr.. and Mrs. Lyman Kendall
will entertain informally at dinner
this evening, taking their guests
later to the theater. The Brazilian
ambassador, S. Gurgel do Amarel,
will be among the guests.
Mrs. William w. Bride has re-
turned to her home in Edgemoor
after a visit in Cleveland.
Mrs. James A. Lyon will be
hostess at luncheon on Saturday at
her country home near Rockville.
Doctor and Mrs. j. Ryan Dew
9feux and Miss Anne Devereux, who
had planned to spend the winter in
Europe, changed their plans and
are now back in their home on
lane for the. winter. With
them for the winter will be Captain
and Mrs. Richard Hall Jeschke, SON.
in-law and daughter OF Doctor and
Mrs. Devereux.
The Washington times., 1925-11-12

SOCIETY NOTES

put on several brilliant productions
last winter, will open next Mon
day evening WITH the presentation
of la Tosca" at the Washington
Auditorium.
The list of box holders for this
event are Mrs. Herbert c. Hoover,
Mrs. Heinrich Meyn Van Valken-
berg, Mrs. Stokes-Halkett, Mr.. and
Mrs. E. b. Parker, +. L. Belin, Mrs
William P. Boardman, Mr.. Henry
c. Sheridan, Mr.. and Mrs. Bryan
Pitts, Mrs. F. E. Woodward Mrs.
J. A. c. Van den Bosch, Louis
Bogran, of the Honduran legation;
Mrs. F. B. Moran, Mrs. C. c. VIII
liams- Senator and Mrs. Phipps, and
A. c.. Kirke.
X X X
Colonel and Mrs. Robert N. Har-
per will entertain a large company
this evening at a buffet supper
following the performance at The
National of The School for Scan
dak" at which the guests of honor
will be Miss May Collins and others
of the cast Of the company. There
will be dancing.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
FIFTY WORKERS
ESCAPE DOOM AS
HOTEL COLLAPSES
Bosses Tried to Rush
Construction

Fifty building trades workers mar
rowly, escaped with their lives when
five floors of the John Evans Hotel,
now under construction at Human
Avenue and Davis Street, Evanston,
collapsed and fell to the ground a
mass OF twisted Orders and shattered
concrets. In an attempt to hurry the
construction of the hotel so that it
could be paying the proprietor profits
as soon as possible the supports hold
ing up the building were taken out
before the concrete pillars that were
to hold the building were dry enough
to stand the strain.
AS the men were working on the
upper floors they noticed the floors
sag. They dropped their tools and
got down to the street as fast as they
could. Shortly after the last building
trades worker had reached the ground,
one Of THE walls gave in and fell to
the ground with deafening roar.
Those living at the North Shore Hotel
ran to the street fearing that one of
the walls might fall across the alley
and onto the east wall of the hotel.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
MILWAUKEE, CELEBRATES
9TH YEAR OF RUSSIAN
WORKERS GOVERNMENT

MILWAUKEE,, Nov. 5.--A mass
meeting and celebration Of the 9th
anniversary of the Russian reVolu-
ton will take place Sunday evening,
Nov. 8 at the Labor Temple Hall,
9th and Walnut Sts., at 1880 under
the auspices of the Workers Party
and the Young Workers League,
with D. &. Early and John Edwards
of Chicago speaking on the world
significance Of the Russian workers
revolution and Herbert Fam, repres-
enting the Young Workers League
and speaking on the youth and the
Russian revolution. Sylvia Selender
will speak for the Junior group.
Besides this array of speakers
there will songs from the Jewish
Freiheit, the Russian and Ukrainian
bright STAR" and the South Slavic
future" singing societies. A small
admission will be charged.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
PURCELL SPEAKS
IN cleveland ON
TUESDAY, NOV. 10
World Trade Unity Is
Subject of Meeting
Especial to The Daily wOrker)


CLEVELAND, o., Nov. 5.-Arthur
A. Purcell will be in Cleveland on
Tuesday, Nov. TO- Brother Purcell is
promised a fine reception, since the
Cleveland Federation of Labor is
sponsoring his meeting which will be
held at the Brotherhood of Locomotive
Engineers Auditorium, St. Clair and
Ontario.
Brother Purcell comes to Cleveland
as the president of the Amsterdam
International of Trade Unions, an or
ganization Of 27,OOO,OOO organized
workers. Purcell is also member Of
the British parliament, and the mess
age he brings to the American work
ers on the question of world trade
union unity is so important that no
worker Of Cleveland should fail to
attend the meeting.
In addition the the endorsement of
the Cleveland Federation of Labor,
number of unions individually are
supporting the meeting through. con-
ference, so that one can say that
practically the entire organized labor
movement of Cleveland is back of it,
The admission is 25c "a fee that
allows every worker to be present
and hear this brilliant speaker. No
workers interested in the progress of
the organized labor movement should
fail to be there
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07

$1.O56 per hour in 1924 to $1.071 in
1925, gain of less than 11sT.
But How Long Will It Last?
Extending the comparison back to
1920 we find 21 of the SO cities re-
porting increases while six cities
show declines in minimum wages paid
union carpenters. The average of the
80 cities rose from 97.6c. in 1920 to
$1.071 in 1925, a gain of 500. AS the
cost of living has fallen over 1870 in
the same period the last years have
witnessed material improvement in
the living standards of union carpent-
ers.
The 44-hour prevails except in Gin
cinnati where they work 441k hours
and in Richmond where the regular
week is AZ hours. In 1920 union car
penters worked longer hours in Char
lesion, S. c., Cincinnati, indianapolis,
New Orleans and Richmond. Since
1913 IA cities have been brought into
the 44-hour column.
ST. Louis at Top
st. Louis tops the list in carpenter
wages with minimum of $3.50 an
hour. Pittsburgh follows with $1371a.
The rate in st. Louis is a gain of 500
over 1920 and of 1909 over 1913. In
Pittsburgh the gains have amounted
to 500 and 1909 respectively. Union
carpenters have the lowest scale in
Charleston with a rate of 70 cents,
which means reduction of 1914 per
cent from 1920.
Minimum hourly rates for union
arpenters in Is leading cities in
,SlS, 1920 and 1925 were:
Carpenter
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07

Cities in which union carpenters
have secured increases since 1924 are
Baltimore, Cincinnati, Indianapolis,
Memphis, Newark, Providence and
Seattle. Decreases were reported
from Charleston and Los Angeles.
South Has Poor Showing.
Cities in which union carpenters
fall materially short of the average
include Atlanta, Birmingham. Charles
ton, Jacksonville, Little Rock, New
Orleans and Richmond, all in the
south. In these cities the minimum
hourly rate is 80 cents or less. TAX
ing the SO cities as a group the aver.
age for 1925 represents a gain of 107
per cent over 1913.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Labor Lyceum, 9th & Brown
Sts., Nov. 6, at 8 p. m. Jay
Lovestone, NJ. n. TaIlentire.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
FIremen Rescue 100

NEW YORK, Nov. 5.-One hundred
persons were rescued by fremen in
an apartment house fire in Brooklyn.
Women and children trapped on fire
escapes were rescued by the use of
scaling ladders.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07

When that argument begins at
lunch time in your shop tomor.
row-show them what the DAILY
WORKER says about it.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
WORCESTER, MASS.

Belmont HALL, So Belmont
ST., Nov. 7, at ZOO p. m. c. {.
Ruthenberg.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
SOUTH BEND, IND.

Hungarian Hall, $40 South
Chopin ST., Nov. 8, at 2 p. m.
Lovett Fort-Whiteman.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
NEW HAVEN, CONN.

Hermanson's Hall, 1853 Crown
ST., Nov. 6, at 8 p. m. ]. o.
BentaII.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
CARPENTERS WAGES GO UP, SAYS
u. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, BUT
FOR HOW LONG 1T DOESN'T SAY
BY LELAND oLDs
Federated Press Industrial Editor)

continued Of
hrtyeght
higher
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
WASHINGTON. D. c.

Playhouse, 1914 N. Street,
NV, Nov. 8, at 8 p. m. Bert
ram D. Wolfe.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
BALTIMORE. MD.

Birth ShoIom Hall, 1012-14 &.
Baltimore ST., Nov. 10, at 8 p. m.
Rose Pastor Stokes.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
KENOSHA. WIS.

SchIitz Hall, N. Main ST. &
Milwaukee Ave., Nov. 6, at 8
p. m.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
GREEK MILITARY DICTATORSHIP
ANNULS ELECTION OF COMMUNIST
MAYORS OF XANTHI AND SALONIKI
Especial to The Daily WOrkerl

PangaIos
for the safety
o the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
BELLAlRE, OHIO.
coNNEAUT, OHIO.
HARTFORD, CONN.

Labor Educational Alliance,
287 Windsor Ave., Nov. 6, at 8
p. m. Bertram D. Wolfe and
Sam Darcy.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
Friday Saturday and Sunday, November g. and s
Look for Place and Date in Your City
MUSICAL PROGRAMS
CLEVELAND, OHIO.

CLEVELAND, OHIO.
Moose Temple Hall, 1000 WAL
nut ST., Nov. 8, 2::30 p. m. Jay
lovestone.
CANTON, OHIO.
Canton Music Hall, 612 Tusc
ST. E., Nov. 8, in the evening.
Jay Lovestone.
BELLAlRE, OHIO.
Bohemian Hall, 41st & Harri-
son Sts., Nov. 6, at 6 p. m. VIM.
]. White. .
cONNEAUT, OHIO.
Workers Hall, Broad Street,
Nov. 7.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
SAN FRANCISCO, CALF.

CaIiforniatHaII, Polk & Turk
ST., Nov. 6, at 8 p. m. Tom
Lewis.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
MINNEAPOLIS, MINI.

Moose Hall, az So. 4th ST.,
Nov. 8, at 8 p. m. James p. Can
non.
ST. PAUL, MIMI.
German Place, 444 Rice ST.,
Nov. 8, at 200 p. m. James p.
Cannon.
DULUTH, MIMI.
Workers Hall, 10 Ave. w. and
ist Str Nov g. at 8 Up. m. Rom,
Angerves-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.

Liberty Hall, 5o2 North ST.,
Nov. J, at 7:3o p. m. Alexander
Trachtenberg.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
BOSTON, MASS.

At Scenic Auditorium, Berke-
ley & fremont, Nov. 8, at 2:30
p. m. c. E. Ruthenberg.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
DENVER, COLO.

Social Turner Hall, 10th and
larimer Sts., Nov. 8, at 7:30 D.
m. VIM. Dietrich.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
WATERBURY,, CONN.

Garden Hall, East Main ST.,
Nov. list, at 2:30 p. m. Charles
krumbein.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
DETROIT, MICH.

Finnish Hall, 1869 18th ST.,
Nov. 7, at 500 p. m. J. Louis
Engdahl.
GRAND RAPIDS. MICH.
Sons & Daughters Hall, 1857
Hamilton Ave. N. w. Nov. 8, at
$3.50 p. m. J. L. EngdahI.
MASS, MICH.
Mass Fire Hall, Nov. 9th.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
FAMOUS SPEAKERS
NEW YORK CITY.

Central Opera House, 205 E.
9th ST., Nov. 6 in the evening.
c. {. Ruthenberg, Moissaye j.
Olgin, Benjamin GitIow.
BROOKLYN, NJ. =.
Grand Assembly Hall, 318
Grand ST., Nov. 6 in the evening.
c. E. Ruthenberg, Moissaye J.
Olgin, Benjamin Citlow.
ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Labor Lyceum, $50 ST. Paul
ST., Nov. 8, at ZOO p. m. Ella
Reeve BIoor.
BUFFALO, NJ. Y.
Labor Lyceum, 376 William
ST., Nov. 8, at 200 p. m. Ella
Reeve BIoor.
UTICA, NJ Y.
Labor Temple Hall, TIA Char
'lotte ST., Nov. 6, at 8 p. m. Rose
Pastor Stokes.
JAMESTOWN, NJ. Y.
Swedish Br. Hall, Bird & Main
ST., Nov. 8, at 8 p. M Rose Pas
tor Stokes. E
BINoHAMToN, N. Y.
Lithuanian Hall, 271 Clinton
ST., Nov. 8, at 7 p. nj. Al Schaap.
BAYoNNE, N. J.
Workmen's Circle Hall, 725
w. 18th ST., Nov. 8, 2 p. m.
NEWARK, N. j.
Newark Labor Lyceum, 704
S. 18th ST., Nov. 8, at 8 p. m.
Joseph Marley.
JERSEY CITY, N. J.
Workers. Hall, 377 Grand ST.,
Nov. 7, at 8 p. m.
PATERSON. N. J.
Carpenters HAP, $3.50 Van
Hauten ST., Nov.Ts1at 7:30 p. m.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
BERKELEY, CALF.

Finnish Hall, 1919 10th ST.,
Nov. 8.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
CHICAGO, ILL.

Temple Hall, Van Buren, &
MarshfieId Aves., Nov. 7, at 8
p. m. M. Bedacht, E. R. Brow
der.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
ROCKFORD, I'LL.

Workers Hall, 511 9TH Street
Nov. 8, at 800 p. m. Max Salz-
man.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
FRANKFORT, ILL.

Majestic Theater,' w. Main
ST., 800 Blk, Nov. 8, at 2 p. m.
Manuel Gomez.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
PULLMAN. ILL.

StrumiIs Hall, 10Th ST. and
Indiana Ave., Nov. 8, at $50
p. m. Martin Abern, Nat Kap-
Ian
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
WAUKECAN, ILL.

Workers Hall, SIT Helmholz
Ave., Nov. 8, at 2 p. m. Max
Schachtman.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
BINcHAMToN, N. Y.

Lithuanian Hall, 271 Clinton
ST., Nov. 8, at 7 p. nj. Al Schaap.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
EAST ST. LOUIS, ILL.

Painters Hall, Grand & Page
BIvds., Nov. 8, at 8 p. m. .
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
GRAND RAPIDS. MICH.
MASS, MICF

Mass Fire Hall, Nov. 9th.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-11-07
BAYoNNE, N. j.

Workmen's Circle Hall, 725
w. 18th ST., Nov. 8, 2 p. m.
Evening star., 1925-02-11

Less pampering and more rugged
living are the suggestions for lon
gevivty offered by Mrs. Sarah John
son of Bronson. Mich, who has just
passed her hundredth birthday.
Evening star., 1925-02-11
AIR SERVICE UNITY IMPRACTICAL,
NIGHT TESTS ARE HELD TO SHOW
Each Branch Has Individual Problems, Some Oh
servers Point Out-Dificulties in SpOtting
Shots From Air, for Ships, Are Disclosed.

service has it's own peculiar prob
lens, and those attached to it must
work in unison, with an Independent
control, to bring about the highest
state of efficiency for battle, which
of course, is the ultimate goal OF
all military preparation.
One of the serious difficulties OF
the might practice was that Of illumina-
ton. e best illumination was found
from the searchlights aboard the ships
and from Army flares which were
dropped from airplanes. These provided
a steady light, but with the star shells,
used SO much during the war, the light
was uneven, due to the waving OF
the lights.
illumination Is Problem.
Discussing the difficulties OF spot
ting, Lieut.. ]. D. Small said: Three
darkened. and, therefore invisible,
ships, in column, were firing, some
times simultaneously. sometimes al
intervals, at three targets which were
alternately Illuminated and obscured
1t was practically impossible to tell
which ship had fired, when a gun
fire was seen, except as indicated by
radtoed salvo signals. The targets
were difficult to locate even when
Illuminated, and the fact that some
times only one target was illumi-
mated, sometimes two, ETC., with the
towing ships lights. an artificial help
anyhow, totally obscured, increased
the difficulties. Not only was It hard
to estimate the actual error in the
range, but also 1t Was often diff
cult to tell which target was H.
Illuminated and in view.
THE total results of the rehearsal
are. mainly negative, a mass OF
wrinkles to betironed out. you might
say, but is believed that most OF the
Evening star., 1925-02-11

SILK is increasing In favor in Ger
many, seven times as much being
bought from French mills last year
As in the IL months before,
Evening star., 1925-02-11
SENATE RAT|F|ES
COMMERCIAL PACT
State Department Under
stood Not Wholly Pleased
With Reservations.

After adopting several reservations,
the Senate late yesterday ratified the
commercial treaty with Germany ne
gotiated by the administration The
reservations, 1t is understood. are not
wholly acceptable to the State De-
partment.
The principal reservation would re-
serve to Congress the sole authority
to put into force preferential tariff
at any time within one year after ex-
change of ratification
Another would reserve to both ma
tfons the right to control immigration.
and was made necessary because of
the enactment of the immigra ton re-
striction law after the treaty was ne
gotiated, in December, 1928.
without Record Vote.
Ratification was without a record
vote and was preceded by only brief
discussion, the reservations having
removed objections.
The reservation relating to pref
erential tariffs was substitute for
the one suggested by Secretary
Hughes and approved by the foreign
relations committee Under its
provisions the President alone could
have abrogated those sections
Of the treaty preventing discrimina
tion by either nation in favor of its
shipping through tariff duties.
Tariff Law Complfcater Pact.
This reservation met with so much
opposition on both sides of the cham
Der that the substitute was agreed
upon to expedite action on the treaty.
Under its terms provisions in the
treaty prohibiting discriminat tioE
would be abrogated automatically
within 60 days after Congress passed
q discriminatory law. provided such
action was not taken within 10
months after exchange of ratifica-
tions.N
The treaty, as negotiated, was in
tended by the State Department to
become q model for similar conven-
tions with the other principal mari
time powers.
Evening star., 1925-02-11

Difficulties that must be overcome
before our airplanes can be used sue
cessfully in spotting shots for battle
ships during night practice are many,
but not so serious that they cannot
be surmounted, according to reports
received at the Navy Department.
from the first night spotting practice
held with the feet recently in Cuban n
waters. One Of the most important
developments, however. which was
brought out during these maneuyers
and which bears on discussions in
Congress in connection with the uni
fed air service, is that airplanes must
come on the scene just when the bat
tie starts, or when the target prac-
tice begins. Otherwise they will be
of no use.
This Is brought about by the fuel
difficulty. If an airplane leaves It's
station, whether at "A land station or
aboard a ship, 1t ca mot hover around
for hours, like a ship. and wait, for
all the time it is in the air it is con-
suming fuel, and when the fuel sup
ply gets low 1t must return to base.
In the early experiments 1t was found
necessary for the planes. in some
cases, to leave even before the ma
neuvers were begun. But this was cor
rected later by summoning them by
radio and having them appear on the
scene when the practice was to be-
gin.
Independent Control Needed.
These night maneuvers with the
fleet, during which airplanes were
used for spotting the shots and for
Illuminating the targets. developed
stronger than ever, it is maintained
by some observers, the absolute ne
|cessity of each service having ab-
solute control Of its air service. Each
Evening star., 1925-02-11
FORD TO OPERATE
ATLANTIC FLEET
First Vessel to Garry Auto Parts
to Foreign Plants
Bought.
BY the Associated Press.

DETROIT, Mich, February IL
The Ford Motor Co.. will enter trans
atlantic shipping, operating its own
feet for carrying manufactured auto
mo- bile parts to the company's foreign
plants, it was announced today by
Edsel B. Ford, president. The Ford
company has purchased the steamer
East Indian from the Emergency Fleet
Corporation, as the first large unit in
the proposed foreign service fleet.
The Ford company already is
operating in the South American and
coastal trade with two small ships,
the steamers Oneida and Onondaga.
These steamers "were put Into this
service on a rather experimental
bas1s,> said Mr. Ford's announcement,
land have proven the feasibility of
extending our own shipping service
to Europe
The Oneida and Onondaga have been
engaged in carrying automobile and
tractor parts to Ford assembly plants
along the southern coast of the
United States and to South America.
The company sent Its first ship to a
foreign port November last, when
the Onondaga, laden with motor car
parts, sailed from the River Rouge
plant at Detroit for Buenos Aires,
Argentina.
The East Indian now is being re-
conditioned at Chester Pa. Its recipro-
eating steam engine will be replaced,
Mr.. Ford said, by Diesel engines of
modern type. 1t will be ready for
service In six months.
Evening star., 1925-02-11
SCIENCE PRIZE
SHARED BY TWO
Dr.. Edwin Hubble and Dr.. L.
R. Cleveland Honored for
Science Achievements.

Dr. Edwin Hubble of the Mount
Wilson Observatory of the Carnegie
Institution of Washington and DIR.
l.. r. Cleveland. National Research
Council fellow attached to the Schoo oil
of Hygiene and Public Health of Johns
Hopkins University, in Baltimore,
have been selected to share the sec
ond annual award of the American
Association for the Advancement of
Science.
The prize, consisting of $1,000. is
awarded annually for the paper or
papers read before the annual meet
ing of the association which are Sc
lected as making the greatest con-
tribution toward the advancement of
science. The award is given to the
association by an anonymous donor.
This year both papers were selected
because of their outstanding i'm
portance and the prize will be di-
vided
DR.. Hubble's paper was entitled
"Cephelds in Spiral Nebulae," and
dealt with his work in measuring
spiral nebulae, the most distant OBJ
Jects thus far discovered in our uni :
verse, with the aid of the 100-inch
rejecting telescope at Mount Wilson.
DR.. Hubble definitely determined for
the first time that the spiral nebulae
are actually island universes."
DR.. Hubble found that the outer
parts of the two most conspicuous
nebulae, in Andromeda and Triangu-
lum, showed on Photographic plates
as dense swarms of actual stars
Although this had been suspected as
a possibility for more than a GEN.
tury, 1t previously never had been
unequivocally proved. The distance
of these nebulae was found to be
of the order of a million light years
from the earth, or four times as
great as the distance ever previously
established for a celestial object.
The subject of Dr. Cleveland's re-
search was the physiology of the
protozoa inhabiting the digestive
tracts of termites and other insects
and animals. BY means of. oxygen
pressure. DR.. Cleveland's paper de-
clared, 1t is possible now to destroy
all protozoa in cockroaches without
injuring the roach. The ella of earth
worms, too, have been removed by the
same method.
Although cultures removed from
frogs. rats and men have been de-
stroyed with oxygen, it is still i'm
possible to kill the organism in rats
and man because they canDot endure
oxygenation as long as It takes to
kill their protozoa. These tests have
demonstrated. DR.. Cleveland declared
that oxygen is highly toxic to pro-
toZoa.