The Monmouth inquirer., 1925-07-09

The long arm Of broadcasting is
reaching out further and further
both to gather the program and then
to scatter it again. Although broad
casting Is young art. 1t has already
changed radically from the conditions
which the broadcast listeners of a
few years ago can remember In the
early days of broadcasting, the pro-
grams all originated in the studio OF
the broadcasting station, and every
artist or speaker had to come TO the
studio In order to send his message
to the world. This was an inconve-
nient plan since it required that I'M
portant persons and famous artists
had to leave their homes or places
Of business and travel to the broad
casting station, wherever it might be
located, and sometimes at an incon-
venient hour. Nowadays broadcast
ing stations which are wisely planned
are located at the musical and artis-
tic center of their city, and this has
made 1t easier for the performers to
DE Ut Inc 6LdLlOu III PCAoOAs
There are, however, many types OF
current events which should be broad
east. but which cannot be brought
physically to the studio. For exam
pie, a theatrical performance or
musical comedy is generally unavail-
able for studio broadcasting So also
are church services, dinner given
to a world-famous celebrity, a great
concert given outdoors or in an audi
toriurh, meetings of legislative assem-
blies, athletic and sporting events,
and the like. In other words, there
are many occasions of intense inter
est to the broadcast listener which,
nevertheless, are not transferable
from their place of usual occurrence.
Fortunately broadcasting has found
the means of gathering them into the
station and then scattering them to
its million listeners In unimpaired
form.
How Land Wires Aid the Studio
Manager
The most common way Of bringing
the desired event to the broadcast sta
ton is by means of what is termed
"wire line transfer" or, as 1t is some
times called, remote control" This
consists in using a telephone line %
connect the concert hall, for example,
to the broadcasting station, and then
sending the concert over the wire be-
fore broadcasting it. To do this, suit
able pickup transmitters have to be
placed in the concert hall at carefully
chosen locations. The music is pick
ed up by these, and the correspond
ing telephone currents are amplified
or strengthened by a Zine amplfier.
The line amplifier is q carefully de-
signed vacuum tube amplifier, some
what like that in a high-grade radio
receiver except that extreme care is
taken to maintain the quality of the
music perfectly and to get a suitable
amount of power out of the ampliier
before sending the telephone Currents
over the wire from the concert hall
to the broadcasting station. When
these currents, which carry the music,
arrive at the station they are again
strengthened in the control room am
plifiers OF the station and Are then
used to control the radio telephone
transmitter in just the same way as
If the concert had taken place in the
studio of the station. In other w 1rGs,
instead of cont olling the radio tele-
phone broadcasting transmitter by
telephone currents coming over
short wire line from the studio at the
station, it is controlled by currents
which, when amplified suitably, have
come over long wire line from dis
tant hall. This is why the process is
called wire line transfer of events
originating at distant points, the
transfer in question being from the
distant auditorium to the broadcast
station over wire line.
Location Of Microphone Vital Factor
1t is very necessary to place the
pickup telephone transmitter in the
concert hall with great care, the prob
lem of a proper location for 1t beir G
even more serious than In the studio
at the station, where conditions are
more readily controlled. If an or
chestra is playing, the transmitter
must be placed so that every fnstru-
ment will be heard in just the right
proportion Of loudness and that the
orchestra will stay balanced" when
it, playing Is reproduced for the lis
tener. If a sermon is being broad
cast, the preacher, tie choir and the
organ have IN h suhmiftad hnrrocfIv