Evening star., 1925-07-16

swearing in of the jury-chosen four
days earlier-and the opening state
ment of defense counsel, presented by
Mr.. Malone, Immediately preceded the
calling of the States witnesses.
Mr.. Malone announced to the court
and to the jury that the defense would
seek to prove that primarily the
theory of evolution was not in conflict
with Christianity, and, secondarily,
that Prof. Scopes was not guilty as
charged. He asserted that the out
lawing of the teaching Of evolution
would put ban on geology, physiol-
ogy, biology, astronomy and other
scientific studies, and would cripple
the progress of agriculture and other
industries.
AS his witnesses, Attorney General
Stewart called to the stand Walter
White, superintendent of Rhea County
schools. and designated as official
prosecution in the case; two former
pupils of Mr. Scopes. Harry Shelton
and Howard Morgan and F. E. Robin
son, chairman of the country school
board.
Mr.. White told of a conversation
he had had with the defendant, in
which Mr.. Scopes admitted to him that
he had taught the theory Of evolution
to his science class in the high school
thorized volume.
Quotes Scopes Remarks.
Mr.. Scopes, he said, told him that
he had reviewed the text in the last
three weeks of the recent school ses.
sion which closed early in May. and
that this book contained a theory OF
evolution which set forth that man
was descended from a lower form OF
life.
The prosecution, through all its wit,
nesses, sought to fix the time of the
alleged offense in the latter part OF
April. the last three weeks before
the close Of the school year.
Two schoolboys testified that from
the text book and in lectures the de
fendant had taught them evolution.
telling them that human beings had
evolved from a single cell and that
the first life had been in the sea.
Cross-examined by Mr.. Darrow, they
were unable to recall that their
teacher had told them what mann
NAL was. The defense lawyer read
portions Of the text and the boys ac-
knowledged that these parts, which
described the evolutionary tree and
the types of mammals, had been
taught them by Mr.. Scopes.
The youths admitted they had never
received. to their knowledge, any in
jury from the instruction.
Mr.. Robinson recounted a discus
sion at his drug store in which the
defendant announced that he and
every one who taught the adopted
text on biology were violating the re-
Gently enacted Tennessee statute. The
defendant had said, the witness stat
ed, that no one could teach the text
without violating the law.
On cross-eXamination Mr.. Robinson
testified that he, chairman of the
county school board, had sold at his
store the text book in question for
six or seven years"
Mr.. Stewart, at the beginning of
the States testimony, introduced as
exhibits to the testimony the school
text on biology used by the defendant
and a Bible. On the introduction of
the Bible Mr.. Hays, for the defense,
declared to the court that ii was the
purpose of the defense to force the
prosecution to show what Bible was
meant by the words of the statute
under which Mr.. Scopes was indicted
He pointed out that there are many
versions of the Scriptures and that
many sects have Bibles which differ
among themselves in number OF
books and in numerous other partic
ularS. He insisted that the State
would have TO introduce as an exhibit
the Bible which the words of the anti
I evolution statute referred to.
The bible entered as exhibit was the
King James version.