davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

found guilty.
The highest criminal tribunal SEN
fenced all these to death penalty.
1.-THE tribunal decided unanimously
that these criminals should all be
given a death penalty" But the final
sentences were made by the car him
self. Five were sentenced to death
penalty, So to hard labor and the rest
to be exiled to Siberia or sent into
the army as priyates.
TN the courtyard Of the Petropav-
4 lovsk fortress were put up scat
folds. They were built slowly and
unskillfully. for the hangmen were
inexperienced. The scaffolds were
tried out first. Berckoff himself, the
commandant of the fortress. gave the
executioners lessons in hanging. Only
In the morning were the scaffolds
ready, the nooses were made and
creased with lard.
The condemned were taken out OF
their cells at a. m. They waited
till morning, sitting on the grass by
the scaffolds, while the preparations
were going on. At last everything
was ready. The condemned are shak-
ing hands with each other for the last
time. "A dreadful view.
An eyewitness describes what hap,
pened farther. M a.v
a.. :, we could see quite well their
faces. They were all calm, but their
Continued on page ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
Death i'm Czaist Russia 100 Years Ago

lions which spelled life or death to
the prisoners were formulated by the
committee members. who threatened
and cursed the prisoners in the at
tempt to wiring from them an admis-
sion OF guilt and information against
other prisoners Those who were ST.
lent were kept chained in dark cells
and starved"
The trial took place in the absence
of the defendants.
"Whatl Have we already been
tried7" asked the surprised defen.
dants when brought into the court
room
"Yes, and found guilty, was the
answer. Altogether 121 men were
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

that uprising is, of course, not in the
program of reforms which they tried
to follow (these reforms look ridicu-
lous to u.s. but in the fact that this
uprising was the first expression Of
an open protest, which had seemed
to be impossible in those dreadful
days.
"The cannonade on the Senate
Square aroused whole generation"
writes Hertzen. These were not pol
iticians. but consciously self-sacrific-
ing martyrs intellectuals, lonely. de-
voted and lost in the endless snow
covered Russia. The Decembrists
themselves recognized this very we'll.
Riley writes in one of his poems:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
German, Workers Form
Triple Alliance to
Resist Wage Slashes

BERLIN-(FP)-An alliance of rail-
waymen, state and municipal workers
and municipal functionaries has been
agreed upon at Frankfort-on-Main by
the local and district executives of the
unions concerned. for presenting a
united front to the employers. This
move is hailed as first step in Ger
many towards initiating the British
industrial alliance and presenting a
united industrial front regardless OF
industry or craft.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
FIVE BANKS CLOSE
IN DENVER WITHIN
TWENTY-FOUR HOURS

DENVER, Colo, Dec. 1s.--The
Metropolitan state Bank and the
Capitol Hill State Bank closed their
doors here today, bringing the num-
Der Of banks to close up within "a
hours to five.
The North Denver State Bank
closed after examiners had taken
charge Of the Broadway National &
DroVers' National Banks. Total de-
posIts Of $4,ooo,ooo are involved.
Frozen" assets are given as the
reasons for the closing Of the banks.
pepositors fearing loss of their
savings have started runs on the
other banks in the city.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
OWE could not erpect proIeta-

WE could not expect a prOleta :,
" ridn class ideology, ace could
not demand 1t from the people Of
those days. The working class
only began to form in the days Of
the Deccmbrists and therefore
there could be no proletdridn class
party. =. The proietdridt must
and docs appreciate the Decem-
brists toho dared to Iedrc their
privileged class, toho sacrificed
their Iires IN those days tChen the
prolctdriat did not get erist."
C. ZinorieU. "Historg Of the
Russian Communist Pdrty.D
ON July 10, 1926 in the courtyard of
~ Petropavlovsk fortress IN. Lenin-
grad (then st. Petersburg) were
hanged p. /. Pestel, X. F. Rylyeyev,
p. G. Kakhovsky, M. A. Bestuzhev-
Ryumin, and s. M. Muryavyev-Apos-
toll
What were they hanged for? Be-
cause they organized an uprising
against the Gear Nicolas the First,
known by the nickname Of 1.-THE Cud-
geler."
They all represented the most aris-
tocratic families Of those days and
we're brilliant army officers OF the
guards regiments.
The substance and significance of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

Intention to make war on the
left wing and its militant pro-
gram, a long, trying struggle.
Lift T. U. &. L. Expulsions.
Baroff was elected secretary and
Ninfo first vice-president. The ma
chine henchmen were taken care of
and the left wing allowed a few
places on the executive board.
The pressure of the left wing brot
full amnesty for those members who
had been expelled for mere member
ship in the Trade Union Educational
Continued on page %
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
FARMERS plan
FORMATION OF
NATIONAL PARTY
Conference Lays Base
of Farmer-Labor Party
BY ALFRED kNUTSoN.
Especial to The Daily Workerl

BISMARCK, NJ. OAK. Dec. 1a.-The
prospects are that the working farm
ers of North Dakota will form a
farmer-abor party at the conference
which they are now holding here. The
farmers are sick of both old parties.
This conference will have national
significance, because the plan is to
call a convention later of farmers and
workers from all northwestern states
with the view of forming a national
farmer-Iabor party.
William Bouck from Washington,
Charles E. Taylor and Pat Wallace
from Montana, Soltis of Minnesota
and Tom Ayres of Scum Dakota are
preent at the conference for the pur-
pose of aiding the formation of such
party.
1t is likely that preliminary pro-
gram calling for naturalization of all
basic industries will be adopted.
Make yOWr slogan-"A sui
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
WICKS SPEAKS IN
GRAND RAPIDS ON
SUNDAY AFTERNOON
tsreeIaI 70 The Daily w0rkerl

GRAND RAPIDS, Mich, Dec. 1s-
The lecture on Loearno by II. M.
Wieks will take place on Sunday
afternoon at $3.50, instead Of in the
evening as announced a few days
ago.
The meeting will be held in Work
ers' Hall, 21f Monroe Northwest,
Grand Rapids. Admission charge is
rs cents.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
Rx William E. puNNE
Especial to The Daily wOrkerl

PHILADELPHIA, Pa Dec. 19.-One hundred and tired
but still delegates their for Zimmerman for
International Ladies' Garment Work
at the session the eighteenth biennial
ton today Lyman did not vote for himself and he poed
less than Zimmermans total for the presidency
Beat by a paper majority in the conventionthe Sigman
administration polling 1853 voesbut with the big New York
majority of the membership sody behind
delegates of this convention if the
ing insulting attitude of the Sgmanites any guage their
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
WHEELER DESERTS LAFOLLETTE
ON WORLD court ISSUE and NOW
SUPPORTS IMPERIALISM OF MORGAN
lspeeIaI . The oaIIy W0rksrl

WASHINGTON, Dec Ex-senator Wheeler of Montana who
last year was for cepeden the LaFoette third
party ticket definitely back in the folds OF his party AND
hoopng I'D for world program OF the House OF
MORGAN This lends weight the belief that his alleged progress
syeism was only purpose of making national repua
n for himself so he chance of retaining his
seat
He has definitely broken with LaFoette group by this
action stands in the ranks with such reactonaries IN
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

L,IFI'Y years of age and 81 years
l. of revolutionary work, these fig
ures serve to characterize the life his
tory of Comrade Kalinin.
Michael Ivanovitch Kalinin is known
turnout Soviet Russia and the whole
world as the Soviet Unions oldest,
as the permanent chairman of the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

central executive committee of our
soviets since the death of Comrade
Sverdlov.
But Kalinin embodies before all the
history of our working class, the his
tory of our labor movement and the
history of our party.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
FORD 'FORSAKES'
CzARIST CAUSE
TO get ORDERS
Henry Pals Around
Nth Monarchists
tspeeIaI = rhs DaIIy worksrl


DETROIT, Dec. 1s.--Henry Ford has
forsaken the Russian monarehist
movement in the United States. He
has given it up as bad job a hope
lessly lost cause
Ford is still on friendly personal
terms with many of the monarchist
leaders and haS confidence in them
Gregory Shinkerenko has been the
most active members of the monarch
ist group in Detroit. Ford planned
to send Shinkerenko to Russia as his
accredited repres entative last summer.
Shinkerenko had his trunk packed
and was ready to go. Advisors con-
vinced Ford, at the last moment, that
Shinkerenko's activity in the mon
archist movement might make him a
marked man in Russia Shinkerenko
did not CO. But the idea of his going
has not been definitely abandoned.
The trip has only been postponed. 1t is
possible Ford may make Shinkerenko
his confidential representative on an
Industrial mission to Russia in the
near future, with Shinkerenko prob
ably travelling under an assumed
name. Or 1t may be Shinkerenko
will go alone.
Lieutenant on Cars Yacht.
Shinkerenko vas a lieutenant on
the private Romsnov yacht, the Polar
Bear, before the revolution. Fleeing
after the revolution to this country,
the refuge now of monarchistic exiles,
Shinkerenko used influences and his
own personality to win the confidence
Of Henry Ford Tho working first in
the shops, Shinkerenko is now en-
ployed in the experimental labora-
tories at a good salary. He was the
go-between for Ford and prince Or
low when the latter visited Detroit
with considerable secrecy not long
ago. Shinkerenko has also been a
dinner guest at the Ford home and
is one of the select group invited to
sattend Fordss sosd-fashioned dances,
the latest publicity stunt of the Ford
Motor Co.
Shinkerenkoihas been in the habit
of propounding the virtues and holy
traditions of the monarchist cause.
But when the Ford organization lost
confidence in the cause, Shinkerenko
apparently found it as easy to change
his mind as to change his shirt. Prob
ably the great establishment was
automatic and instantaneous.
Shinkerenko is living in more
humble quarterssthan he did when he
felt the splendor of the Romanovs
was upon him. But it is believed he
(Contingec Oh page ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

HOWEVER, all was not serene, An
II American student, of the fascis.
or American Legion brand wrote a
letter to a local newspaper suggesting
that Saklatvala be not allowed TO
speak Apparently the provocative
suggestion was not needed by the
American students, but the young
boys of the "bullfrog breed" the sons
of the British slave drivers, were
there in numbers and tho they took
no offense at Saklatvala's criticism of
the American state department, when
the speaker dwelt on the infamies of
British rule in India and all over the
world. they got rough. But so far as
one can gather from the guarded re-
port in the New York Times-a two
column story--the American students
made it quite hot for the interrupters.
DREMIER RYKOV of Russia threw
L a bombshell into the camp Of the
international militarists, who pretend
70 hunger for peace, when he de-
ciared that his government was per-
fectly willing to abolish the army and
navy IL the capitalist powers guaran'
teed to scrap theirs. This is the kind
OF language thet a lying capitalist
diplomat finds It hard to answer. OF
course Rykov knew quite we'll that
svopffnnad IN MAYA -
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
Poll Favors Court.

A poll taken on this, the second day
of the long struggle, disclosed that the
proponents of the court have SO votes
they can count on as a minimum.
This is within three Of the 66 neces-
sary to vote adherence.
The count showed 80 republicans
and 33 democrats for the court on the
Harding Hughes-Coolidge terms, re
publicans for the court only if specific
and far-reaching reservations are at
tached; republicans, democrats,
and farmer-laborite, against the
present court in any form; and 10 re-
publicans and 1 democrat not commit
ted and apparently on the fence.
There were republican absentees,
Continued from page ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

QUITE an interesting incident oc-
" Cured at meeting of the Ameri-
can Club of Oxford University, Eng
land The club invited no less per-
son than Comrade Saklatvala to ad.
dress its members. Saklatvala was
barred from this country recently by
order of the state department, tho he
had his passports vised to attend a
meeting of the world interparliamen-
tary union in Washington. il appears
that the American students in Oxford
desired to rebuke Kellogg for his Tc
ton.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20
AS WE SEE 1T
BY T. J. o'FLAHERTY

TN making an appeal for 100000
\ with which to spread christian
propaganda, the president of the
American Tract Society stresses the
need for counteracting the propa.
eanda put out by Communists, and
subtly hints that big business has no
better friend than religion. He says:
Thoughtful christian people are be-
ginning to realize that to onset the
effect of this spread of subversive
teaching an almost unlimited number
of christian tracts is needed" One
of the greatest tracts ever written
says this gentleman is Roosevelt's
mine reasons for going to church"
This tribute to Americas greatest
bunco-steerer should shake few dol
lars out of Teddy's admirers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

the democratic party as swan
son of Virginia, Ashurst of Ari-
iona, and Walsh, the senior senator
from Montana. In this same aggrega-
ton in support of the world court are
the Coolidge Mellon-Kellogg repub-
licans of the type Of Cummins OF
Iowa, Mckinley of Illinois, Watson Of
Indiana, and LaFollette's principal OPP
ponent, Lenroot.
Second Days Debate.
Debate on American adherence TO
the world court swung leisurely into
the second lap in the senate today
while waves Of propaganda for and
against the court rolled high on
Capitol Hill.
Senatorial mail bags were over
flowing with exhortations to join and
protest against joining. Most Of the
former were in the shape of form let
tiers, round-robins, and printed liter
ature timed to arrive with the start
of the battle. Most OF the latter were
in the form OF individual letters from
foes OF the court who seem just to
have awakened to the realization that
barring unlocked for upsets, the SEN
ate is going to vote the United States
into the court.
Paeifst Servants Of Morgan.
Veteran members of the senate said
that the organized pressure" on the
court issue from specially formed
clubs, peace organizations, church So
cieties, etc, was the greatest they had
ever seen on a specific issue before
the senate. Most Of these are mere
pawns of Wall Street.
The senate plans to let this
pressure wear itself out naturally.
There is no disposition to hurry
vote, and no way of doing so even il
there were disposition to do So 1t will
be late in February or March, it is be
lieved. before a showdown can be had,
and the senate doesn't believe the
pressure" can be maintained that
long.
The herculean task confronting the
irreconcilables overcoming the odds
against them was emphasized today
by a count of noses in the senate.
|
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-12-20

Make your sIogan-"A sab
erery weekp
Evening star., 1925-10-11
Washington Audiences

ing city composed mostly OF mill
hands and factory workers, many of
whom can neither read, write nor
speak English.
washington differs from other
cities in another respect" Mr..
Laemmle declares. when a picture
is made at Universal City We can
tell in advance whether or not 1t Will
go In certain communities, as we
know the South likes one type OF
film, the West another, New England
a third But Washington's popula-
ton comprises representatives OF
every section of the land.
I'VE have found remedy, a means
of satisfying the entertainment needs
of hard boiled Washington. 1t cost
a great deal of time and money, but
I think it was worth it; because in
making q picture to please Washing
ton and other ligh-class audiences
Universal has produced picture that
has gone far to reassure US as to the
high caliher of patrons tastes. In
other words, we have found the aver
age film fan 10 be considerably above
the average.
IN The Phantom of the Opera
Universal has a film not to be Judged
by any previous standard. Aside
from It's lavish production and the
weird portrayal of the title role by
Lon CLANCY, it eXcels all previous ef-
forts. 1t has an entirely new atmos-
phere. thai of supernatural thrill and
mystery" Mr.. Laemmle continued.
Il pride myself on knowing the
people Of Washington. I am conf
dent that when the picture is shown
at the Rialto next week my conf
dence in their discernment will be
iuS1ified -
Evening star., 1925-10-11

DLEASING Washington theater-
goers is tho most difficult task.
offering Il more complicated problem
than is to be found anywhere else in
the United States, according to Carl
Laemmle, president of the Universal
Pictures Corporation.
Not only are Washingtonians more
discriminating in their choice of
screen fare, but also the component
parts of the Capitals population rem
tainment to its citizens difficult, he
says.
Washington is unique. No other
city in the country boasts so small
an alien population. Nor has any
other city 80 high an average Of gen
eral intelligence.
1.-The fact Of Washington having
virtually a 100 per cent American
population would seem to indicate
Capital audiences would be most re-
ceptive to the general run of Ameri-
can motion pictures, but this is not
so, as the average movie-I exclude
the super-films-is produced to ap-
peal to the greatest number. This is
not a confession of films lacking art
| istry: it is a candid admission that,
as in all industries. the producer
seeks the greatest market.
when l say Washington has a
higher level of intelligence I am not
trying to fiatter any one. 1t stands
to reason, however. the population
of the Capital, composed almost en-
tirely of Government officials, skilled
office workers and influential persons
from all parts of the country, must
have a finer appreciation of the
wort while than, say, q manutaCtur-
Evening star., 1925-10-11

New Screen Writer'S Siened

FIVE noted scenario writer's have
= just been added to First Nationals
eastern production units at New
York. They are Olga Printzlau, John
Fish Goodrich, Charles Whitaker, Jane
Murfin and Harvey Thew. Rarely
has motion picture company secured
at one time such u noted group of
screen writer's.
Miss Printzlau is we'll known as q
playwright as we'll as a scenarist, and
one of her plays Is scheduled to ap-
pear shortly on New YOrk's Broad
way.
Goodrich IS writing the scenario Of
Men of Steel" an original story by
Milton Sills, which will be filmed as
special" this Fall, and many oriGt-
nal stories Of his own from the
screen, including ''Thundering Dawn" "
Daytime Wives" and Capital Pun
| ishment.'
Whitaker wrote the scenarios for
such pictures as "kismet" and THE
Bond Boy" and recently was given one
Of the prize adaptations of the year
by Universal, 1.-THE Man Who
Laughs" the famous Victor Hugo
story.
Jane Murfln is widely known as q
producer as we'll as writer.
Thew headed the scenario depart
ment for Fox for some time and Is
author of the novel The River End. -
One of his latest scenarios was for
siege"
Evening star., 1925-10-11
Screen Taxes Voice.

A NTRIM SHORT. who plays q conf
4 \ edy role in The Scarlet Saint.
nearly quit the drama OF the screen
because he had to talk SO loud he went
home each night with sore throat!
1t was this way: Short started his
movie career, and signed up with a
motion picture outfit that was at
tempting to make pictures in which
spoken titles were recorded on a
phonograph record and synchronized
with the pictures for the showing OF
talking movies"
MY voice ran out" says Short
''At the end Of the first day I went
home with /sore throat. You see
every time you spoke a line you had
to yell 1t SO 1t would make an i'm.
preston on the blank record. 1t was q
WOW. I stuck 1t out for a couple OF
pictures, then quit"
Short at first decided to go back to
the stage, but later thought he would
give movies another chance, so Joined
the old Biograph Company In Cali.
fornia. He has been with the movies
ever since.
Evening star., 1925-10-11
WILMA
bANKY
Metropolitan
Ancient Mariner" Filmed

nIaEI TOR HENRY OTTO has just
finished filming the allegorical
sequences for ''The Ancient Mariner, !"
according to an announcement by Fox
Film Corporation. With Paul Pan
ger in the title role and crew Of
old salts. the company has just re-
turned from Catalina Island, where
the scenes described in Samuel Tay-
lor Coleridge's immortal poem, THE
Rhine of the Ancient Mariner" we're
filmed.
The story of how the ancient ma
riner shot the albatross. it is claimed,
is depicted with thrilling dramatic
action. The news story adds. how
ever, that Gladys Brockwell and
twenty-five beautiful girls play i'm
portant roles in the fantasy, into
which will be woven a modern love
story, which has not yet been filmed.
The Ancient Mariner is a vital figure
in the modern story as well as in the
fantasy.
THE Ancient Mariner" will be re-
leased on December 90 by the Fox
Company.
Evening star., 1925-10-11
Remarkable Talent.
pRANsBY WILLIAMS, who is

RRANSBY WILLIAMS, who is fea-
- tured here this week in vaude-
Vile, Is considered as one Of Britain g
finest character actors.
He Is said to be at home also in all
lines of business and to be as great a
romantic actor as a character actor.
A "star" in vaudeville, he also has
proved himself a successful actor
manager. having headed his own pro.
ductions throughout Great Britain.
He toured David Copperf1eld."
doubling the parts Of Micawber and
Pegotty; and in "Oliver Twist" doub-
ling as Fagin, while in 1.-The Lyons
Mail" he doubled Dubosc and Le-
surques. He is credited also with one
Of the finest productions of Ham
let" seen abroad, in which he played
the part Of Hamlet. having spent two
years on the production and many
years on the study Of the play.
He is now bringing to the vaude-
Vile stage of America many OF his
famous "Studies Of Dickens" an en-
tertainment Of great character act
ing and wonderful make-ups. His act
Is declared the art Of the stage at its
best
Evening star., 1925-10-11
RIALTO-"Thunder Mountain"

Madge Bellamy and Leslie Fenton
have the leading roles in the William
Fox photoplay, Thunder Mountain"
which is the feature at the Rialto this
week.
1t is q perturbation Of John Gold.
ems play, "Howdy Folks" n fascinat-
ing story of the crude folk who live
high up in the Blue Ridge Mountains.
Madge Bellamy portrays little circus
girl who runs away from her show
and takes refuge among the noun
taineers, while Leslie Fenton Is seen
as the worst lad on Thunder Noun
tain, who later develops into an ideal
man, ambitious to raise his neighbors
from poverty and ignorance to pros
perity and knowledge.
Others in the cast are Alec Francis,
Emily Fitzroy, Zasu Pitts. Paul Pan
ger, Dan Mason, Otis Harlan, Arthur
Houseman and Maine Geary.
An elaborate musical program has
been arranged headed by Alice Evers-
man, American prima donna, former
ly Of the Chicago and Metropolitan
Opera, who will be heard in the aria
from Madame Butterfly" II
Another notable feature is Elena de
Sayne, Russian violin virtuoso. who
will play "Legende" CWieniawski.
Opus 10. Miss de Sayne is a gradu-
ate of Royal Conservatory in Leipzig
and received her technical training
from Hans Slit and Otakar Sevcik.
The Rialto orchestra, Mischa Gutter.
ture, IF I Were King A news and
comedy, as we'll as the results from
the world series base ball game, will
furnish the advertisements.