davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
YOUR INCOME TAX
Expert Advice Given by United
States Internal Revenue Bureau
Based on Latest Changes
in Legislation.
ARTICLE NO. 70.

Bad debts constitute a considerable
item in the returns of many TAXPAYERS
and may be treated in one of two WAYS
either by deduction from income in re-
spect of debts ascertained to be worth
less in whole or in part, or by a deduc-
ton from income of a reasonable addi-
ton to a reserve for bad debts.
Taxpayers for the taxahle vear 100,
were allowed to select either method.
the use of which was required for sub
sequent years and applies to returns
under the revenue act of 1929. unIess
permission TO change is obtained from
the commissioner OF internal revenue
taxpayer Ming for the year 1924 a first
return of income may select either
meuod, subject to approval by the COM
missioner upon examination OF the re-
turn. If the method selected is annroved
1t must be followed in returns for suhse-
quent years, except as permission may
De granted by the commissioner n
change. Permission to adopt the reserve
method is restricted to taxpayers having
large number of accounts whore
credit has been extended to cover a
considerable period of time. It is
not granted for the purpose of
handling one specific debt
What constitutes "a reasonable adj
dition" to a reserve for bad debts
i'uSt NC otleEUllHeU III nRht OF the
facts, and Will vary as between classes
of business and with conditions of
business prosperity. A TAXPAYER
using the reserve method should show
In his return the volume of his
charge. sales Cor other business trans
actons) for the year and the percent
age of the reserve to such amount.
the total amount of notes and ac-
counts receivable at the beginning
and close of the taxable year, and
the total amount OF debts ascertained
to be wholly or partially worthless
and charged against the reserve dur
ing the taxable year.
Partial deductions are allowed with
respect to specific debts only. Be-
fore taxpayer may charge off and
deduct debt in part he must ascer-
tain and be able to demonstrate, with
a reasonable degree of certainty. the
amount thereof which Is uncollectible.
Amounts subsequently recovered on
account of bad debt, or on account
Of part of such bad debt, previously
charged off and allowed as a deduc-
ton for income tax purposes, must be
included in gross income for the year
in which received.
(The next article in this series will ap-
pear tomorrow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
GROCERY STORES
ON WHEELS THRIVE
Truck Plan Proves Great
Success in Developing
Suburban Trade.
BY j. G.. ROYLE.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

NEW YORK, January S0.-Store-
keepers throughout the country are
not only sitting on the velvet cush-
Ions as a result of present condi-
tons, but they are putting rubber
tires under their businesses with the
aid of the truck manufacturer. No
longer content to select the dollar"
side of a business street and wait for
customers to enter their doors, they
are carrying their stores to the doors
of their customers
A dozen successful groceries on
wheels are now making their. daily
rounds in various cities and country
communities. One Detroit concern
had broadened its rolling stocks to
include hardware and builders supply
lines. The trucks carrying these
supplies will circulate daily through
the suburbs of that thriving In
dustrial center, where more than
$4,000 new homes are under con-
struction.
Adopt New Milk Method.
Truck companies are not only TAX
ing the place of the morning milk
train in collecting tactical fluid from
the farms, but are transporting II
right to the consumers ice boxes.
These trucks are equipped with cleo
trio refrigeration, operated on the
same principle az the refrigerators IN
the newer type of houses and apart
ments. They have a capacity equal 10
that OF the oil and gasoline trucks
and also can be made TO carry dozens
Of five gallon cans along the sides.
The travelling grocery store has
been in operation for some time in
various cities, and is giving an excel
lent account of itself. The average
investment for each store is esti-
mated at approximately $500, and
the profit OF each unit, according to
one concern, which also operates so
n on movable chain groceries, is equal
TO that of the average chain store es-
Establishment.
Boats TO Carry Goods.
Congestion of highways has turned
attention OF gasoline motor designers
to the waterways OF the country. Self
propelled cargo barges are being
turned out in large quantities equip
ped In much the same way as the
trucks, but of infinitely larger carry
ing capacity Makers are convinc ed
that the development of water craft
Will turn the attention OF the public
to motor boating. They are preparing
to NIL the motor boat demand at Ford
prices by turning out such craft on a
quantity basis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
DAIRY PRODUCTS.

BALTIMORE, January so (SpeciaD.
Live poultry-Youn chickens, lb.,
26aS1; Leghorns, 22a26; Winter chick
ems, 32a33; old hens. 24a31; old
ROSTERS, 1ea17; capons, S0a3s; young
turkeys, 42a47; old. 35a3S: poor and
crooked breasts, %; ducks, 22a30;
geese, 23a26; pigeons, pair, 35a40;
guinea fowls, each, 40aS5. Dressed
poultry-Turkeys, lb., 35a47; poor and
crooked breasts, %: chickens, 26a52;
old ROSTERS, 16a17; ducks. 25a3o;
geese, 22a25; capons. 30a42.
Eggs-Receipts 695 cases; native
and nearby firsts, doz., offered at so:
bid, SO.
Butter-Creamery, good to fancy,
h., 36a40; prints, 4oa42; ladies, 27a
20: store-packed, 21; process butter,
33a34; dairy prints, 21a24; rolls, 81
a24.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
S128, 100000 IN GOLD
RECENTLY EXPORTED
By the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, January 30.-The ex-
port movement OF gold from the
United states was swelled more than
Sl"oO0OOO yesterday by unusually
heavy cousi gnments to India and
Australia. These engagements, con-
shutting the heaviest daily movement
since the outflow began early in De-
cember, brought the months total
exports TO approximately SIS. 0OO. 900
a figure unparalleled since the out
break of the World War
Since December ! last, the United
states enormous stores of gold have
been reduced by about Sl2S.oOO. 600.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
CRUDE OIL ADVANCED.

INDEPENDENCE, Kans., January
5o-Prairie Oil and Gas Co. today
announced another increase in the
price OF crude oil ranging from Is
TO 80 cents per barrel This is the
second increase this month The first
one, on January %, amounted 70 %
to IS cents. The new schdule
ranges from s1.l5 for oil below 90 de-
grees baume gravity to s1.s5 for
grades above ~ degrees
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
GRAIN AND PROVISIONS.

BALTIMORE, January 30 (SpeciaD.-
Potatoes. per 100 pounds, l.25al. so
sweet potatoes. barrel, 2.5Oa5.
yams, barrel, S.o0a4. 90; beans. 400
a3.50; beets, crate, 2.00a2.25; broc-
coli and kale, bushel, 50a60: Brus-
sells sprouts. quart. i5a25; cabbage,
ton, 23.00a2500 Savoy, bushel, 60a
80: carrots. 100, 5.00a7 90; csullhower,
crate, 2.75a3.00; celery, crate, 20oa
400 beets. crate. 2.oOa2.25; elephants
crate. 4.Ooa6.o0; lettuce, basket, 1.25
a2.00; onions. 100 pounds, 3.00a3.25;
oyster plants, 100 pounds, s.00a10.00;
parsnips, basket, 60aS5; peas, ham
per. 4o0a5.OO; peppers. crate, 4.00a
5 so; spinach, bushel l75a2.0o; squash.
crate, 5.00a7.00: tomatoes, crate, 500
a7.Oo: turnips, basket 67aS5,
Apples--Packed, barrels, S.o0aT.o0;
bushel, 1.o0a2.25; cranberries, box,
5.00a600; grapefruit, box, 1.75s2.7o;
oranges. box, 2.50a3.50; strawberries,
quart, 2712a5o.
Selling Prices ut Noon.
wheat-No. red Winter, spot. ex-
spot. domestic, c.1914; No. 2 red
Winter, garlicky. domestic, 2.19A ;
No. 8 red Winter, no quotations.
Sales-None.
Corn-Cob, new. yellow. spot, s.ooa
SIS per barrel; track corn, yellow,
No. .. LA asked
Sales-None.
oats-No. 2, 6s1:a6s per bushel;
No. 3. 81 Il ass.
Rye-Nearby, 1.Soa1.50; No. 2 rye,
spot, 1.7sh.
Hay-Receipts, 10 tons. The local
hay market is firm on the better
rrades on timothy and choice light
clover mixed hay. of which the offer
ings are limited, while demand is
good. Low grades and inferior hay is
dull and of irregular value.
Quotations today-No. ? timothy,
20.50a21.o0; No. 3 timothy, 1790a19.00
No. light clover. mixed, 19.50a20.00
No. clover, mixed, 17.00a1S.00.
Straw-No. ! wheat, 16.00ai70o per
ton; No. / oat, 16.00a1I.00.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
NEW YORK CURB MARKET
Received by Private Wire Direct to The Star Office

issues. gaining Is points when il
sold at 243.
Prairie Oil and Gas moved forward s
following announcement of increased
prices by the company. and other Stand
ard issues gained from a half point to
points with little effort
The action taken by directors of the
Haze'tine Corporation in declaring an
initial dividend of s1.2o d share thereby
pacing the stock on an annual IS basis
was reflected in rise of more than 9
points in the shares. But strength here
failed to carry the other radios along.
They We're again pressed for sale, and
many sold at new lows on the reaction.
Ware Radio broke badly at the start.
but received support around the low
evel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
SEAB0ARD'S YEARLY
NET GAINS $50, 688
Railroads Operating Revenues
During 1924 Showed Mark
ed Advance.
Special Disps tch to The star.


BALTIMORE. January 30.-Total
operating revenues of the Seaboard
Air Line Railway Company increased
i,lS5,o62 during 1924 as compared
with 1928, according to the earning
statements just made public. The to-
tai for the year recently ended was
So3,3s4,l73. which, after deducting
operating expenses of s4I.3S76S4 left
net revenues OF sl1,9s6,53s93 an in
crease of sSs,ssS. as compared with
the preceding IL months
Equipment and joint facility rents
were cut to s522.6sl.57, a decrease Of
S.209.SS7. A balance of S3,O7s,e43 is
iett after interest and other fixed
charges, but exclusive of interest on
adjustment bonds. This is sl.e5e.5o2
greater than for 1923
Figures for December showed total
operating revenues of s5,So3,674
an increase of s3e5,224.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
GASOLINE PRODUCTION
MADE BIG GAIN IN YEAR

The output OF the petroleum re-
fining industry was valued al sl.793.-
7o0,0S1 in 1929, an increase of 3.S
per cent over 1921, according to fig
ures made public today by the Cen
sus Bureau.
Gasoline production increased from
5,0Ss, 056.740 gallons, valued at $780,
$50, in 1921, to 7,310,S53,526 gall
Ions, valued at sS7s,732 ,346, in 1923,
the average price per gallon at the re-
finery declining from 1876 cents in
1921 to II cents in 1923. the figures
revealed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
NEW STOCK ON SALE.

NEW YORK, January 30.-Publir
offering was made today by Merrill,
Lynch & Co. of $4,000 shares of an
authorized issue of 100000 shares of
no-par-value common stock of Open
helm, Collins & Co., operating a chain
of stores in Buffalo. New York. Cleve-
land, Pittsburgh. Newark and Phila-
delphia, at $45 a share
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
RICHEST OIL SHALE
IN WORLD CLAIMED
Nova Scotia Tests Reveal Heavy
Yield-1o0, 900, 900 Tons
Are Accessible.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
HALIFAX, Nova Scotia. January 30.
Nova Scotia oil shale is the richest in
the world. yielding so gallons Of high
grade parahn per ton, according to re-
suits of tests conducted at the Nova
Scotia Technical College here under the
direction of the Dominion council of
scientific research.
The report states that 100, 000,0
tons of shale are easily accessible, and
that vast oil industries might well be
developed in this province.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
JOINS HUNGARY BOARD.

NEW YORK, January 30.-A. o.
Corbin. a partner in the firm of h.
J. Lisman & Co, investment bankers.
has been elected to the board of direc-
tors of the Rima Steel Corporation,
the largest iron and steel company in
Hungary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
FLOUR UP 40 CENTS.

WINNIPEG, Manitoba. January so.
Flour advanced 40 cents a barrel
here yesterday. Officials of local mill
ing concerns said the rise is due di-
rectly to the successive rise in wheat
prices during the past week
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
BUSINESS GROWTH
DECLARED HEALTHY
Little Fear of Initiation Is
Seen-Loans $3.50, OO0, 600
Under 1923 Record.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
NEW YORK, January 30.-Wall
Street statisticians regard the ex-
pansion that Is taking place In bust
ness without evidence of a boom that
ultimately might lead to imitation, as
the best feature of the general i'm
provement. Price advances of lead
ing comm ODDITIES have been moderate
without any rush to pile up inven-
tories. Money has remained easy, in :
d1cating, ii is said, no overextension
of credit. while industry as a whole
has never been stronger In cash and
working capital. Proof OF lack OF
overextension In Wall Street Is based
on the fact that despite record break
ing trading. brokers loans are $3.50
100000 lower than in February, 1928,
when the $4,000. 5000 peak was
reached and the conservative forward
trend of business is seen as a sign
OF long stretch OF prosperity.
Oil Shares Lead stocks.
Increased public attention drawn
TO the oil stocks by price advances in
gasoline and crude oil and decreased
production in the WORKMAN field,
Texas, has given them the lead In
stock market transactions in point Of
volume OF shares traded in. Last
Wedne sday Is oil stocks accounted
for $4,000 of the turnover of 1872
600 shares on the stock exchange, or
about 40 per cent of the days total
trading, advances ranging from IA
point to 2Ss points. Oil shares
listed on the curb market and out Of
town exchanges were said to have
shown proportionate gains in the last
few days.
Steel Profits Decline.
Superior Steel Corporations net
profits in 1924 declined to 1859. or 9
cents q share on the loo, 900 shares of
| 500 par value common stock. COM
| pared with s734,s7s, or $500 a share
on $4,000 shares of common the pre-
Vious year, after allowing for pre-
ferred dividends. The preferred stock
was called for redemption February
Is, 1924 Gross sales fell to $685.
752. from $s,749.442 in 1929 A deficit
or s2So,34l was reported for 1924
against surplus of $37S,475 the year
| before.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
Your Banker Knows.

When in doubt about a security
consult your banker. 1t Is equally
as much his interest as yours to pro-
tect your savings You trust him
with your deposits-why not trust
him with your investment problems?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
Washington Stock Exchange

SALES.
Potomac Elec. Cons. os-sl,Ooo at ss' sl'ooo
at 90. -, ..,oo ,o7 60 900
ct iu7. ., 900 ooi.
Washington Gas Is '3S-S2Oo at lol Ssr S-'ooo
at I63s, 81, 900 at lu3h. 70
Washington Rwy. Elec. 4s-sl'ooo at 49,
washington Rwy. EIec. g.. ref. IS
81 600 at IoOn, 81, 600 al lOO13, 5000 at lOo7s.
Commercial National BANK at To-
AFTER CALL.
Washington Rwy. & Elec. g. & r. 6s Sd
So 900 at 1905. o-y
national Mtse & Invest. pfd.-50 at 97s,
30 at 9ss.
Noney-Cau loans D and s per cent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
NUNNALLY's PROFITS UP.

NEW YORK. January 30-The
Nunnally Co. earned s1.l9 a share in
1924 on net profits of s190,491, COM
pared with SI4740S, or 90 cents a
share, in 1929. Surplus after dividends
was 1904 in contrast to deficit Of
$12,5s2 the year before.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
GASOLINE GOES STILL
HIGHER IN MARYLAND
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, January 30.-The
STANDARD OIL Co. of New Jersey has
advanced tank wagon gasoline / cent
in New Jersey and Maryland, except
Baltimore, making the price in New
Jersey II cents and in Maryland IS
cents. Gulf Oil made a similar ad-
vance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
ADVANCE IN LEAD.

NEW YORK, January 30.-The
American Smelling and Refining Co.
today reduced the price of lead from
10 cents to s.76 cents per pound.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
COMMODITY NEWS
WIRED STAR FROM
ENTIRE COUNTRY

SHREVEPORT, January S0.-Gaso-
line now is retailing here at 2OH
cents a gallon. cents above the
price quoted two weeks ago.
PITTSBURGH, January 30.-Car-
negie Steel has As blast furnaces in
operation, while other companies are
operating on an equally high basis.
Jones & Laughlil production is in
excess OF theoretical capacity.
HOUSTON. January 30.-The Win
ter movement of citrus fruits from
the Rio Grande Valley to date totals
1,424 cars, or about twice the amount
shipped in the similar period of 1924.
ATLANTA, January 30.-The acreage
to be. planted to bright leaf tobacco
in Georgia this year indicates a crop
of at least 100000 pounds. 1t is
estimated tobacco culture has at
tracted at least 1000 new farmers to
the State.
BOSTON. January 3O-Eforts OF
mill managers to effect further econ
omies in textile production in New
England are meeting with opposition.
Workers at the Pepperell mills at
Biddleford, Me, are protesting against
a proposal for weavers to handle
double the looms previously looked
after.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
Money to Loan

socureo oy nrst deed of trust on real estate
Prevailing interest and commission
Bldg, 9th & NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30

Molasses is so plentiful in the
Netherlands that it Is used for cattle
feed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30
BY WILLIAM HEEFER~.>

NIN YORK, January 30.-A gen
eIai ADVANCE OF Is TO 50 cents in mid
cohtihent crude oil Quotations gave
lurther impetus to the buying move
nleht In oils on the curb exchange to-
me action of these stocks
sno"eo that the market had far from
discounted the improvement in the
statistical position of the industry,
Wilcox OIL and Gas continued Ire
rise OF Thursday on realization of
the value of the company's develop-
ment of les Russell County. Kansas.
property. Wilcox has in its territory
d'"oo acres of which $40 are already
proved up and 1000 practically
proved.
Solar Refining led the Standard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30

NEW YORK, January 30.-Follow-
ing is an official list Of bonds and
stocks traded In on the. New York
Curb market today:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1925-01-30

(The next article in this series will ap-
pear temorrow.)
The Washington times., 1925-08-12

second gear presupposes normal
fabrication. and the car owner
should know that this Is impos-
sible with cold and CONCEALED oil
in the crankcase and oiling system.
A habit which countless drivers
do not seem able to rid themselves
of Is riding the clutch" This
habit came into vogue with the old
fashioned cone clutches where for
the purpose of getting a smooth
start - even running smoothly
throtikh traffic--it was frequently
necessary to keep the clutch half en-
gagged. The leather facing usually
stood for thfs abuse, and cases OF
siippage were rare as compared
with grabbing. Now owners for.
get that the plate and disc type OF
clutches will not stand for habltual
sfippage and that there is no reason
to 'baby" the clutch as in the old
days.
Old Habits Costly
some Of the recent troubles OBJ
served at service stations can be
traced directly to unbounded and
unreasonable belief in the value OF
I1ne-nO0OfG0 CuSIOtIlS- lnGEc - ltAp
motorist who still thinks he il do
ing the right thing when he keeps
the headlights burning during the
daytime while touring. He does not
know that in travelling faster the
current output OF the generator IL
lower, thus minimizing the need for
wasting current. He does not real
lie that burning the lights in the
daytime means shortening their
lives. He does not see the economy
and common sense in wasting any
excess current by the simple
process OF using the horn and the
starter more frequently.
There has been considerable trou-
Bile with the emergency brakes
which operate on the propeller shaft
Just back Of the transmission. This
Is the. popular location for the hand
brake now, and there are many
points In favor Of this position,
but the motorists habit Of rot
using the emergency brake Is 81
ready working against him.
In this position a brake band Is
very apt to become either too dry
or too greasy. The band is away
from the water from the streets,
The Washington times., 1925-08-12

A feature OF the subject empha-
sized by manufacturers IL that
habits contracted in the operation
of one make Of car must not be
taken to apply to all makes. In a
number of instances it has been
found that q r1otorist will assume
that a grade OF oil that was exactly
right for his first car should be
quite all right for all subsequent
cars in his possession.
This angle to the subject WAS
clearly demonstrated In q very
popular model Of seniihigh-grade
car. A large number of purchasers
OF this car found it necessary to
have piston pins replaced at
relatively low mileage. The car
was blamed for the situation. and
IL it had not possessed many out
standing virtues its reputation
might have been seriously impaired.
Timing Advanced.
The trouble was that the timing
was a little more advanced than on
most cars and. since many of the
owners had graduated from cars
in which failure TO retard the spark
On hills or in accelerating made
little difference, they went ahead
letting the new car "click." The
piston pins absorb most of the
s hock when q motor Is knocking.
There are habits, however, which
are serving to injure the older cars
as well as the newer ones, invee-
legations show. Perhaps one of
the most striking of these is the
custom Of racing the car in second
gear with the idea Of warming up
the engine, and somehow or other
imagine that it makes no difference
how fast they run with a cold
engine. so long as they run in
second gear. Common sense, how
ever, teaches that this Is very
destructive habit. High speed in
The Washington times., 1925-08-12

q quart OF fresh oil where flushing
is considered necessary.
Court Sticky Valves
Because it has been customary to
use the choker when cranking the
engine many owners OF new cars
are adding raw kasolene to the
crankcase contents and are court
ing sticky valves. There are many
times when the new cars win start
off without using the choker. But
the habit Il stiII operating to the
motorists detriment.
Old habits cannot keep pace with
new conditions. experience shows.
The man who fills the radiator up
to the brim religiously each time
he starts out on q trip is simply
barking up the wrong tree. IT
The Washington times., 1925-08-12

the inside of the WHEELS. With four
wheel brakes this is q positive
source of trouble because the ex-
cess grease is likely to reach the
front wheel brake bands, thus in
terfering with the equality of brake
force distribution and encouraging
skid on wet pavements.
Habits are costing American car
owners staggering sum annually.
One Of the most serious of these is
the custom OF using kerosene to
flush out the engine lubricating sys-
tenn when changing oil. Much bear
Ing trouble, and not q little cyIin-
der scoring, has been traced directly
to this. Kerosene added to the
modern oiling system does not drain
off as the motorist supposes, but
remains In various parts Of the
system to dilute the new oil that
is added. Wise owners flush with