The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1925-08-22
Continued from Yesterday Daily Worker


sYNoPsls-The report
foreign transportation
industry agriculture
industry the level production being raised The finances have been
the showed Harm is being Eng
o
rs and Feeder - ~. - sr. xnIsDed Win he conclusion ths+
then
cleanliness
rent regulations family life and prisons rhe Soviet government is
achieving
Regarding
report
by the position activities of Trade Unions under the Soviet system"
Free Contract-The first modification transforming
the conscrpOn of the labor and this
labor became within in money At the
time the restoration OF private employers and the reorgniza
ton of State enterprises business basis made compulsory
labor impossible and free agreement inevitable
November d 1921 therefore abolished extra compulsory labor
III all State enterprises But compuson in principle main
private employment and applied by the Commissa
Of Labor favor Government enterprises their
competition with the private employer The Trade Unions
tract and the Fifth Congress enember 1922 finally ratiGed
M The Labor Code of November 1922 restricted compulsory
labor to occasions of general crss-hu preserving in
principle while aboishng it in practice
Thereafter employment has been based free contract
subject regulations the character and the collective
local agreement any This voluntary agreement w. par
of Code) to be effected through Employment Exchanges
But SO many exceptions are scheduled that there is practically
nothing to prevent direct engagement whlch must however
be registered The employer has subject to the agreement the
right o. discharge in the event Of
(a) Complete partial closing down.
(b) Completion of the work of the period of engage
c) Absence incapacity. But at least
fornights notice of discharge is required, and the
employee may appeal to the local Department Of Labor
Restoration of Wages
rehabilitation War Communism under the New Eco
nomic Policy brought gradual return to The
system based money and free
in food made wageratons longer But
could support their whole series
systems substituting their funds tried in rapid
succession These systems costly as they were in time o.
deprecang currency tide the difficult Transition
dcmobzng the worker and making him again dependent
what he himself earned.
Tnp EOurt russia OF In Lax
1921 that should again be based col
lective agreements.
Collective Agreements
The conclusion of collective agreements began about
April 1922 and rapidly that the State had difficulty in
fitting its socialist system 1t however decided
by the Fifth Congress of Trade Unions against the opinion of
the Supreme Economic Council of Peoples Commssares that
agreements should be compulsory, that would
return to State regulation of wages Thus the at
tempt the Vorone Trade Union organizations to force
agreement private enterprises stopped b. Moscow
Agreements free agreements between Trade
employers defining the contents of subsequent
individual contracts of engagement"
agreement of 40 has been drawn up by the
Aussian Council of Trade Unions and this combined with
the Labor Code other legislation has reduced agreements in
from the 200 300 clauses they to at first has also
reduced the number of disputes The agreement be general
local The central authorities favored general
because they meant higher wages After controversy was
resolved that general before conclusion should be
submitted local criticism and should in exclude local
agreement Only the Trade Union has power to conclude them
behalf workers. the Joint Cancellation Committees
have no such power There have been complaints that
too often made without any reference TO tD~
workers They applicable to all employees whether union
which opposed in principle to French and German
and always observed IN Russian practice Thus
of 800 agreements in the Ukraine only 161
appcabeand SO specifically restricted to unoniss 9th
which provided priority OF employment for un
ionss their substitution for non-tnionss or attributed
administrative functions the Joint Consultation Committee
have been dsaowed the A-Ilussia Council of Trade UI
ions as an interference with the not IN the general
interests workers the industry The Council has
so stopped attempts of the local authorities in Yarosay