davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-10-04

The Washington outfit Is Well
rounded out team. with the proper
balance in the various departments
The club probably is more famous
for it's defensive than offensive
strength, yet its hits .3O5 as team,
which shows that the Senator'S can
ca silly hold their own when it comes
to the punch.
Veterans Get a Rest.
While three of the leading players
OF the team, Stanley Harris. Roger
Peckinpaugh and Walter Johnson,
were laid UP with injuries in the last
two weeks of the American League
race, the club has had the advantage
of good rest for the present world
series. A year ago, the Yankees
made them go to the last Saturday
of the sea son before the Washing
tonians drove the last nail into their
pennant pole.
The end of the 1924 season found
Muddy Ruel, the clubs crack catcher,
stale from overwork, while George
Mogridge. Washington's second best
pitcher of 1924, had pitched himself
out. This year Ruel was rested up
lot in September. and this Fall he
may be expected to hit. Mogridge.
last years left-hander, has been re-
placed by Ruether, the former Ma
tional Lacquer, while Stanley Cove
leskie, another right handler. now
stands shoulder to shoulder with the
great Johnson. A year ago, Wash
ington's leading pitching trio was
johnson, MoSridge and Zachary; this
year it is Johnson Coveleskie and
Ruether. The present trio is by far
the stronger, despite Zachary's two
victories of last Fall.
Fred Marberry, when right. is the
best relief pitcher in either league,
but during the latter part of the
1925 season he has had trouble with
his arm and on the whole, l do not
! think Ne has been as effective as in
1924. Ferguson, another right-ha nder,
has a freak style of pitching which
may fool a team unfamiliar with his
screw ball"
Only One Change Made.
Outside of the pitching changes
and the addition of Joe Harris to ne
outfield, Washington will present Sie
same team it did a year ago. Peck
inpaugh is hitting 20 points better
this year, but, on the whole, his play
has not changed much. He also was
a great factor in Washington's first
pennant victory. Joe Judge has been
out of the game lot this season.
first with his trick knee and later by
a clout on the head. Judge has been
little Of his speed. Bluege improved
in his hitting this year, though a
bad slump gripped him in the last
two weeks, and has pulled him under
800. Stanley Harris may be some
! what handicapped by his bruised
finger.
Both Goslin and Rice should do a
Evening star., 1925-10-04
Series SandOff Giants Pilot Asserts Nationals Much Improved
13 OVERTIME GAMES
IN SERIES HISTORY

Extra inning games in the world
series have been few, only 13 such
contests having been played to date.
as follows:
esi;ss' es!:s ;'e$T's';S<s 3 $S$$$ sG,$ !
Reulbsch and King ~
At Chicago-October ee- R.H.E
fSIIsssisihia fsIs:ssi e.! ! oEnfs J
B.ls.r ga,.ers, snG 156%.: Brown and Archer;
e i::
81. s;S 4sfs s;s 'S't9S;',s, s4i
M.sst: ssons: g.sk A%fi And L.pp Ss.nda and
At Boston-October O. RHE
sossen:: s. sS:: aSd SSSiS1 81 d i : :
.o1 Sss,!Is: Hs ssdtR. sSs
ss:;sS sss s$Ss;.:: $s$,,S$S s,,?. S$5,SsII3Sss s.
Mathewson and Meyers.
~ At Philadelphia--=October s. RH,E,
hs;;. hsT York; 93009o9 Z z
Battsries-Mathewson. Mclean and viii
son: Plank and Rapp.~
.9I4.
At Boston-October l2- RH E
Fs;!s'' Fs;Isn: d6S1 SSSSS !
Bstteries-Tyler. James and Gowdy: Bush
and Schang.
4. Bos,on-oe,ohes = RHE.
Bklyn.. 100 900 900 900 00--I .
Ratteres-Ruth and Thomas-Smiih and
Miller.
AT Cincinnati-LO.tober = r. H. F..
Cincinnati. o . 9 . D o o % il o
Batteres- Kerr and Schalk: Ruether.
Ring and Rariden.
At New York-October s. RHE
Giants -. 3039 9o009 % 8 !
Batteries-J. Barnes and Snyder: shaw
-"' 1894.
At Wsshinston-Octoher = R.H. T..
New York ;. O1O 100 900 O0.- "A !
Wash " 90 O OOI OOI Ia 10
Batteries-Nehf and Gowdy: johnson and
Ruel. -
Al washington-Octohe. 10 R.H. E.
Wash. 900 100 O2OO OO1- 10 4
New York. 900 OO3 900 O00-3 8 3
Batteries = Ogden. MoEridge. Msrberry
Johnson and Ruel; Barnes. Nehf. McQuillan
Bentley and GOwdy.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
BUGS PARK FAV0RS
JOHNSON AND COVEY

Lights and shadows of Forbes
Field may play an important part in
the world series and rebound to the
advantage of the Washington team.
There is no other ball ground in
the United E,tates where conditions
are so favorable to speed pitchers
such as Coveleskie and johnson on a
dark afternoon.
But either of these two pitchers on
the Pittsburgh field, without the sun
being exposed and with the smoke
drifting in huge clouds from the val
ley where the steel mills and the blast
furnaces are located, and he will have
the opposition batters breaking their
backs tryinG.to locate the ball.
Pittsburgh's pitchers may profit
also by a dark afternoon, but they
have no pitcher. unless it is Mead.
ows. who is so well equipped for such
conditions as tllo Washington stars.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
BATTING VERY LIGHT
IN MANY OF FRAYS

ONE-HlT GAME.
Oct. 10. 1eoe-.Ruelbach 'Chicaso n. L.
TWO-HIT GAMES.
Oct u. 1906--Walsh tChicaso A. L. VS..
Oct y; laoeIIBrown Chicago n, IL vs..
Oct. Shif1sG II. }sfsLLpl.nt ! tphi1.d.lphi. A. l.,
Oct, 4. 1sI4E.J.mes Boston n. L. VS..
Oct. 8. is9iMHoy, H; /. yankees, VS.. Giants.
THREE.HlT GAMES.
Oct 2. 1e9s-IDinneen Boston A. L. VS..
Oct; z; eosEo1er.n 'chicaro N. L. vs..
Oct; & isio3Bepder philadelphia A. L.,
Oct II; 1sfII,ceombs tPhilad-lphia "A. L.,
Oct: 1s, ieis-Bedient Boston A. L. VS..
Oct; 5e1s sFo,ter Boston A. L, VS..
Oct; ~: siEZ,Ieen.rd Boston A. L. vs..
s.Fs; to1h!sn s: ,si, MAY. eBo.son A. L, VS..
Oct; 9; laIsTKerr Chicago A. L. VS..
Oct tbie;,.D :; 1e1lIIRinF Il = Cincinnati n ID vs..
oct 5. isisEEller Cincinnati n. L., VS..
Oct snae'fs fsaSI5s, 8 s. Smith eBrook,yn N. L. vs..
Oct; s.: IS2SJ JNail. cleveland A. L. VS..
Oct. g.. 1p2l-Nehf tGiants) VS.. Yankees.
Oct. IA. 1923-Bush (Yankeesi VS.. Giants.
FOUR.HIT GAMES.
Oct; 8 @ @laos1Phillippe pittsburgh n. L.
Oct; II. iyos--pinneen tBo.ton A. L. VS.
Oct. ,s9asHe g. 9a9SlM. ii ..he w.on tNe~ York n. L.,
VS.. Philadelphia A. L.
Oct. 10. 19O5-Bender tPhilsdelphia A. L.
Oct. -. 1scs1Ms.h tNew York n.
Oct ipOb@Piank ephiiade,pbia A ~
octs 9. 1So6I.Brown Chicago n L.) VS..
Oct; E: Is9STIAltrock tchicaxo A. l., VS..
Oct n. 19osTTPhester .tchicaxo N. L) VS.
Oct: IL. 1eOs7Ioverall tChicaso N, L., vs..
Oct. Is. 1s0s-Brown tChieaSo n L., vs.
Oct; is Aisi1-Merau.,d;c ;cranda,! New
Oct. 90. 1911.-~Bender tPhilsdelphia A. L.
Sept, .: 1sls-bou{ias-ryl tchicaxo N,
Oct. 2. ieis@wiiliams-M tChicaxo A.
L. vs. Cincinnati N. L.
Oct. 6. le22-Scott (Giants) VS.. Yankees
Oct. H. l923~Joges !Yankkeesl VS.. vs Giants
VS.. Warrington A. L.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
COOMBS SCORED five
MOUND WINS IN 1911

Jack Coombs never lost a world
series game, though one contest In
which he took part went against his
team, that Of October 25, 1911, when
he retired in the tenth inning with
the score tied, 3-3. Plank finished the
game and lost it, to 8. On Octobe1
IT, 1911, Coombs defeated the Giants
to 2, in IL innings, allowing only
three hits.
Coombs' complete world series record
follows:
October 1s-At Philadelphia R.H.E
eas.. tshie'ic'. i.. 49, 9SSSd SdaSS g SfEs Es1ss !
Batteries rzGGoombs and Thomas; Brown.
October 2O--At Chicago R.HE.
asR,siie': ass.' i':: 1sSSS as&SlSS lss !
bach. McIntire. Pfester and King.
October 17-At Chicago r. H. E.
anb. Aah,s'ie'. dg"Sdd 9Sf95s 3 !
Batteries-Coombs and Lapp; Brown and
Archer.
October IA. ssy :'. eyrk- R.H;E;
ais5s:'e. aisns.' =. 9 S-S 1883 ! 9 "a 9 5
-, Bs.tsTiesmcoomb' a s.5c and LaDD: Mathew
s'S;:;;s; :;$s;: $s}$.:$i i
Meyers: Coombs. Plank and Lapp.
-. ;..| l. IT,
Nays. Foster and Thomas.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
ALL we're SHUTOUTS
IN SERIES OF 1905

Athletics. all hve games were shut outs
Mathewson won three and McGinnity and
Bender one each. The scores follow:
1905
National League VS.. American League)
October 9-At Philadelphia. R.H. E
S.hlesic, Sfnss -: -: g 8 9 % '4 3
~ Batteries : y athewson and Bresnahan
October 1o0At New York. R.H. E;
Giants 80. 90 0 0 Q 0 0 90 4 "
Batteries-Bender and \Scherck: McGin.
nifty. Ames and Bresnahan.
October 12-At Philadelphia. RH E.
s,fns; sshls;ic. '' -. oSo 1888 SSSSS J
Batteries--Mathewscn and Bresnahan:
October 13---At New York. R.H. z.
S,fnss S,hl.iic. " =. 9 9 9 9 g SO 8 Cd ) !
Plank and Powers.
October 14-At New York. RI E.
Hfhs H,hiesic". " -. 9 Q 9 90 % 3 3
Observation-Disclosures and Bresnahan
Bender and Powers.
PLAYERS.
Giants-McG ann. first base; Gilbert. sec
ond base: DevIin. third base: Damien. short.
stop: helders. Mertes, DOnlin and Browne
manager. John j. McGraw.
AthleticsT7Davis trst base; Murphy, sec.
Cross edsr. Hart.e Lord snd
Cmpires-ODay and Sheridan.
Eictor1es-Glants.. 4: Athletics. l.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
FAIL TO GET TICKETS
AND MAY LOSE MONEY

PITTSBURGH, Pa, October 8 @.-
Coupled with their disappointment
over failure to obtain tickets for the
world series, many Pittsburgh base
ball fans also are facing the possibility
of having lost their ticket money by
destroying certified checks returned by
the Pittsburgh club with the untitled
orders.
Pittsburgh bankers. receiving re-
ports that some certified checks had
been torn up after their return, issued
a warning to fans to present such
checks for deposit at the bank on
which they were drawn.
They explained that when check
is certified the amount is withdrawn
from the deposit Of the man who
signed it and the only way he can
have that sum placed again to hts
credit IL by depositing the certified
check.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
ROBBY IS REAL VETERAN.

Wilbert Robinson, president Of the
Brooklyn National League ball club,
started professional base ball as
member of the Hayerhill, Mass, club
of the New England League, in 1855
He became a famous catcher with
the Baltimore Orioles in 1891.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
Stronger in Pitching and in Reserve Material and
Has Benefit of 1924 Experience-Combnatio
Also Is Properly Balanced.
Doping the World Series
Article l3.
The Washington Team.
By FREDERICK G. LlEB.
World Series Official Scorer. 19?.-1923-i9cl
Former President Base Ball Writers Association

HERE is little doubt that the Washington which will take the
world in Pittsburgh Wednesday, is
which
balls foremost honors
Washington world championship through
and stick Tom Zachary unexpectedly good pitch
which Nationals
ming in the seventh and deciding
pitching and aeral and
of
championship less than The club well
and could have done better il had been pressed the last
of he
Evening star., 1925-10-04
'sBREAKS" TO DECIDE IT,
in OPINION OF McCRAW
New York Pilot Is Convinced Nationals Possess
Greater Quality in Pitching and That Superior
Defense Will Offset Pirates Greater Punch.
By JOHN McGRAW.


Manager National Champions 1921 r. 23 ~
PHILADELPHIA 3The strength of the Pirates and the
Nationals logical sensible
championship Between
probably will decide it. Under
those circumstances the selection of advance would be merely
have had opportunity both Pirates and Nationals
played Washington world and also
series and having baed with the Pirates through long season
series yet played The public has been quick to the the
financially well from sporting of view
Evening star., 1925-10-04

lot of hard hitting against the Pirate
pitchers. Rice disappointed his ad
mirers. with his hitting last year,
but as Pittsburgh has only one reg
ular left handler, Yde. l expect Sam
to have no trouble in hitting 300.
Joe Harris has been swinging d mean
bat late in the season, and is more
dangerous at bat than McNeely and
Leibold, who alternated in the third
Washington outfield post year ago.
tCopyrlght. 1921
Evening star., 1925-10-04
LONGEST GAME IN A. L.

The 24-inn1ng game in which
Philadelphia beat Boston to 1 on
September 1, 1906, was tho longest
game ever played in the American
League.
Evening star., 1925-10-04

Catcher.
Throws righthand. bats lefthand.
Height, 5 feet, 1917 inches; weighs
175.
Born February II. 1897, at Hot
Springs, Ark.
1916. Dallas fTexas): 1917. Tulsa.
Ardmore NVestern; 1918, Rochester;
1892, New York, y. L.: 1923.24,
Boston, \. L.; 1925. Pittsburgh.
Played in world series of 1921, 1922
and 1923 against New York, A. l..
Evening star., 1925-10-04
400 POLICEMEN ON DUTY
AT GAMES IN PITTSBURGH

PITTSBURGH, Pa. October
R9.-Almost 400 policemen will be
assigned to handle the crowds at
the world series games here next
week, according to plans Of Supt.
Of Police Edward J. Br0phy.
Twenty-four mounted patr0lmen
win ride about Forbes Field to be
ready for any. emergency. Traffic
win be directed by $50 policemen
on foot. and 48 on metor cycles
VII guard paskod cars from theft.
&ty deeoctavoa W 6eep watch f09
bskpochoee an thlovo6.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
CORK CENTER INEBALL.

The cork center base ball was first
introduced In the major leagues In
1909.
Evening star., 1925-10-04

HAROLD JOSEPH pie TRAYNOR.
Third baSeman.
Throws righthand. bats righfhand.
Height, 6 feet: weighs 10.
Born November II. 1899, at Framing.
ham, Mass.
1920. Portsmouth (Virginia): 1921,
Bir1ningham; 1925, Pittsburgh.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
POOR OLD NEW YORK.

This Is the first year since 1919
that Greater New York has not been
represented in the world series.
Evening star., 1925-10-04
HAS YOUNG BALL PLAYER.

CAMBRIDGE, Mass, October OF).
One Of Harvard's youngest ball play
ers has appeared at Soldiers Field in
the person of Norman Winer, 14-year.
old freshman, who sought a berth as
pitcher on his class team. Winer,
who prepared at Chattanooga Tenn.|
High School, was thought to be the
youngest candidate ever to report for
Ia Harvard athletic team.
Evening star., 1925-10-04

Pitcher.
Throws righthand. bats riKhthand.
Height. 6 feet inch: weighs, 1S0.
Born March 3. 1896. at Oakland.
1914, Sacramento: 1915, Salt Lake,
Vancouver (Northwestern); 1916. Van.
couver: 1878. Oakland; 19.4.:5,
Pittsburgh.
Evening star., 1925-10-04

Extra inning games in the world
series have been few, only 13 such
contests having been played to date.
as follows:
Evening star., 1925-03-29

knowledge in several other ways. It
has IL distinct series of publications
on scientific subjects, most of which
are technical papers for the use of
students, although some are of in
terest and value to the general reader,
notably the Smithsonian annual re-
ports, which consist of O. series of ar
ticles reviewing in readable form the
recent advances and interesting de-
velopments in all branches of science
Copies of these publications are
distributed to more than 1,100 libra
ries throughout the world. The mem
bers of the scientific staff provide
public lectures, both officially and un-
officially; the auditorium of the Mu-
scum is used freely by a large num-
ber of local and national scientific
and other societies for conferences
and lectures; the halls of the Museum
and Smithsonian buildings are fire.
quently made available for special ex-
hibitions of interest to the public; the
institution and its branches, through
correspondence, answer innumerabIe
requests for specific information on
scientific and natural history subjects,
and the latest addition to the institu-
tons program of diffusion of know
edge is a series of popular science
radio talks, broadcast through one
of the Washington stations every
week.
The Smithsonian Institution is liter
ally a mecca for out-of-town visitors.
Evening star., 1925-03-29

two general styles of writing-one
good and the other literary. A votary
of the latter, if called on to write
You never miss the water till the
well runs dry" will write, You never
arrive at complete and forcible
realization of the utility and impor-
tance of water until the entire sup
ply of aqua pura in the we'll has been
fully exhausted" That is the flow
ing style and is gulped down by
thirsty readers.
When Miss Eleanor Wright showed
me the Bel Air story in The Star of
1914 was shocked into coma that it
was Belle Air" The Rambler must
have gotten that spelling from coun-
ty records, but as air is masculine
and as a French adjective should
agree in gender, etc, he penitently
changes the name of the place to Bel
Air.
1t is strange that the mistake went
unrebuked. Readers lurk to pounce
on mistakes. If it said that Will
Jones died in June instead of July,
1743, and if CLARK" is spelled with
an "e'' or without an "e' the next
mail is heavy with corrections that
are usually wrong. Some persons
have only one fact treasured in the
head, and nobody else can get 1t
u. w
that fact there is an outbreak Of in
dignance. 1t is Bel Air.
X X
CEVEN miles west of the village of
~ Occoquan several houses in a
string stand by the road. 1t is Min
melville. Long ago post Office was
started there, with D. C. Alexander
as postmaster, and for his little
daughter Minnie the office was called
Minnieville. On the north side of the
road is a set of bars through which
YOU tumble and the trace of a road
calls you on. This road-trace crosses
a field, passes through cut-over
woods, in which much holly lives.
idles by the side of a brook, crosses
1t on a bridge SO broken that no
team could pass, and continues
through alternating fields and woods.
A mile from the set Of bars is
a brick house, venerable, dignified
and strong. Its walls show scars,
but not a sign of weakness. Some
windows are broken and wood shut
Evening star., 1925-03-29

and is the last OF two long rows in
front of the mansion. There Is
story that If you lie III the grass un-
derneath it while IL is in full bloom
you will dream of what happened
near it,"
Mr.. Pearson pointed to a freestone
keystone in the main door arch and
said: Il have heard that the key
stone was part Of the old courthouse
at Dumfries." Probably 50. Exten-
sive repairs to Bel Air house We're
made in 1925, and it was about then
that fire destroyed most of Dumfries
and that the county court of Prince
William was moved from Dumfries TO
Brentsville. 1t is reasonable that
some freestone from the abandoned
courthouse was used in repairing Bel
| Air.
CHARLES EWELL an Englishman,
~ settled in Lancaster County on
the Rappahannock in 1892. His wife.
| Charlotte Bertrand, was the daughter
| Of Huguenot minister. Charles died
! in 1922, leaving three sons, Charles,
| Bertrand and Solomon. Charles and
| Bertrand left the Rappahannock
| country and settled in the Potomac
| country Dumfries neighborhood.
! Charles buying the tract which h.
named Bel Air and where he lived.
! His son, Col. Jesse Ewell, inherited
! the place and it was his home.
! have been told that Col. Jesse EWelt
was a classmate Of Thomas JEFFERSON
at William and Mary College and tina
| jefferson visited his friend at Bel Ar
several times. One of the children OF
! Jesse was Thomas Ewell, who be
came a physician. married Ellzaoetn'
| daughter of Benjamin Stoddert, hrk
Secretary of the Navy, and lived is
Georgetown. Elizabeth Stoddert was
related to the Bladen, LOwndes ana
! Tucker families of Maryland. One Of
| the sons of DR.. Thomas Ewell and
| Elizabeth Stoddert was Gen Ewe4l'
| successor to Stonewall Jackson, IN
| command of the I'd Corps, Army q
| Northern Virginia. after jackson was
wounded west of the ChancelloF
| house in the battle Of Chancel4ofS
Vile. May l-3, 1863. and his death IN
! a little house still standing near
Guines Station on the railroad from
Fredericksburg to Richmond.
! In a reference book in our once
! library the Rambler reads that Gen
| Picbard Stoddert Ewell was born az
| GEORGETOWN, February s, 1917 /
| think there is something crooked IN
| that because on February s. I9Ii'
| Eweu Camp, Confederate Veterans, "a
| Manassas, with other people OF Prince
! William County, marked the centen-
NAL birthday Of Cen EweI but We
/ will leave the matter with the obser-
| walton that many books of history are
| wrong.
| Gen. EweH graduated from Wes'
| Point in 1870, which would make il
seem likely he was born in 1917. and
| not 1914. You ought TO be able 70
| read the record of service of this
| soldier in the Mexican and frontier
| wars as well as l, and l need not
Evening star., 1925-03-29
Smithsonian Visitors Attracted
By Increasing Scope of Exhibits
Wahingts of
to later Were
By W. p. TRUE.

A MONG the hundreds of thou
~ sands of Americans every
"A year who make their pilgrim
4 a age to the Nations Capital.
there are probably very few
who leave without visiting the .,n.,..-
sonian Institution and its branches.
the National Museum and the National
Geological Park. In fact, the Smith
sonian was undoubtedly Washington
pioneer attraction, since as early as
1850 Its name was a household word
in America, owing to the many years
of debate in Congress as to the dis
position of the Smithson beQuest.
The annual number of visitors at
present is very large. In 1924, the
Natural History Building of the Ma
tional Museum was visited by 540,716
persons; the Arts and Industries Build
ing of the Museum by 290012; the
Smithsonian Building by 104,601, and
the National Geological Park by p
4f2,SS0, the largest attendance in the
history of the park.
OF this multitude OF visitors to the
Smithsonian group of buildings on the
Mall, filed with the wonders of ma
ture and art and the trophies of
scientific discovery, but few know the
, romantic history of the origin of the
institution or the real significance of
the work carried on there.
On August Is, 1888, the clipper ship
Mediator arrived in New York Har-
bor after a stormy voyage from Lon
don, bringing in her hold 104,960 gold
sovereigns, the bequest OF James
Smithson, an English chemist, to the
United States, ito found at Washing
ton, under the name of the Smith
sonian Institution, an establishment
for the increase and diffusion of
knowledge among men,"
rxaS iY11T aH q fol aH
into American money at the United
States Treasury, yielding s50S.31s.46,
which was then placed to the credit of
the Smithson fund for eight years.
Evening star., 1925-03-29

while the best disposition of the
money was debated in Congress
Among the innumerabfe proposals
for it's use were a national university,
an agricultural school, a school for
the blind, library, a botanical gar
den, an observatory, a lecture lyce-
um, and an art museum. But in the
end scientific institution of broad
purpose was provided for in the bill
establishing the Smithsonian.
The program of organization,
drawn up by Joseph Henry. first
secretary of the institution, was
adopted and the erection of suit
able building was started, paid for
by the interest accumulated on the
Smithson fund.
With the completion of the build
ing, a library was begun through
purchase and exchange, and speci-
mems were collected for the estab-
lishment of a museum. The plan was
adopted of futhering scientific prog
sress by aiding original investigators,
and research work was also under
taken at the institution. Explor-
ations were conducted, and the re-
suits of all these various activities
were published and distributed to Ii
braries and learned societies through
out the world. This is still. in es-
sence, the plan of the institution s
work, although now greatly expand
ed and diversified.
X x *
THE four secretaries of the insti-
l. tuition eXemplify the purpose of
the Smithsonian. All have been lead
ers in their own lines of scientific
endeavor, besides being able admin
istrators of the work of the institu-
ton as a whole.
To the first secretary, Joseph
Henry, the world of science and in
dustry owes a lasting debt, for the
great electrical achievements of the
present day were made possible in
largo measure through his pioneer
work in physics. He also inaugu-
rated the system of daily meteoro-
logical observations, from which
grew up the United States Weather
Bureau.
The next secretary. Spencer Fuller
ton Baird, was the leading authority
Of his day on the mammals, birds.
fishes and reptiles of America. and
was the founder of the United States
Fish Commission. Under his leader
ship the institution developed
strongly along biological lines. the
National Museum especially being
augmented.
Samuel Pierpont Langley was the
third secretary, whose pioneer work
in aeronautics is too well known to
need mention. He was the first to