davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-12-03

jected not only the recommendations
made by Col Mitchell, but it has also
rejected as satisfactory evidence his
statements of alleged unsatisfactory
conditions in the air service and re-
gal ding the planes which are operat-
&c. 1t has rejected the proposal for
unified air service and the proposal
for consolidation OF the departments
Of national defense. with an air SerV,
ice separate and distinct from the
naval and military services.
The board does recommend, how
ever, the strengthening of the air serV-
ices in number of important partic-
uiars. 1t proposes additional assistant
secretaries of War, Navy and Com
merce. to be assigned TO aviation ad
m.nistration, and a new bureau OF air
navigation in the Department Of Com
n.erce. 1t proposes that the air serV
ice have special representation on the
General Staff of the Army; that pro
vision be made for adequate rank
of air officers of the Army and Navy;
that proper insurance be provided for
the dependents of air officers; that
naval aviators should be detailed to
the Office of chief of naval operations:
that aircraft carriers should be com
ma nded by flying officers qualified foi'
surface ship duties.
Particularly does il recommend that
private aircraft production he encour-
aged by the Government and through
Government orders.
Coming on top of the widely circu-
lated charges that the United States
is painfully and criminally lacking in
aviation and air defense. that there
are radical evils in the military and
naval air services, md that the air
pilots are being sent TO their death in
unsafe" planes. the report of the
aircraft Board is calculated To steady
the public mind, to bring public
opinion back 10 solid ground. The
Presidents board has made a unani-
nous report. 1t has the advantage of
being outside Of the services-for the
purpose of such an inquiry-and it
weighed the contentious OF ALL fac.
tons impartially, not actuated by any
personal feelings. The President and
Congress and the people generally will
give the report the most careful con
sideration.
Evening star., 1925-12-03

tionals living in their territories. The
principal aims outlined are physical
training, sports. manual training, gen
eral professional training and moral
propag ganda against alcoholism and
disease; TO give economic assista nee
and promote effective Italian culture
propa ganda."
1t will be noted that this applies
only to Italian nationals" That Is
to say. only to those Italians who,
migrating to other lands. retain their
Italian citizenship and who, II may be
presumed expect to return TO their
native country. 1t would. of course,
be hardly feasible to apply such an eX.
tension cultural system to those who
have relinquished their nationality for
American citizenship, for example.
America welcomes this move OF
Mussolini's TO improve the physical
moral and professional condition Of
the Italian migrants who are domi-
ciled here. whether they remain or
return to their native shores. They
will be the better sojourners. even
though their stay be short il they
respond to this opportunity for their
own improvement. And Italy will
profit by the fruits of this work in
later years when those who are aided
by it repatriate themselves. This is
wise paternalism and proves Musso-
lipi's greatness ss a constructive
statesman.
Evening star., 1925-12-03
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. H4SkIN.

Q. Who built the old tomb and the
new one at Mount Vernon?-H. NJ. f.
A. The old tomb at Mount Vernon
was built by George Washington in
fulfllment of the directions in the
will of his brother. About 1880. Law
renee Lewis and G.. w. u. Custis. the
surviving executor of Washington 8
will, took steps to carry out his
wishes concerning the construction of
q new tomb as expressed in the will
OF the former President. The site of
the place of burial was definitely des
isnated by George Washington.
Q. How does the Rhine compare
with the Detroit River in volume Of
trade handled?-J. w. X.
A. The commerce Of the Detroit
River in 1922 amounted To 6S,491 .062
short tons. The shipping at the prin-
cipal ports of the Rhine amounts to
nearly 1900 900 tons annually. Al
though no definite statement is made
1t is to be assumed that this latter
reference is TO long tons, as these
are more generally used abroad.
Q. What is the depth of the water
in the gorge below Niagara Falls?-
A. II varies in depth from 200 to
500 feet.
q. Was Aesop a negro?-A. r. VI.
A Aesop lived during the later half
of the sixth century. The exact date
of birth is unknown. He was a
Phrygian: not negro. Phrygia was
a country of Asia Minor. Under the
Roman empire. it was bounded on
the west by Musia. Lydia and Caria;
on the south by Lucia and Pisidia :;
on the east by Lycaonia and Galatia :,
and on the north by Bithynia.
Phrygians were proba bly, branch Of
the great Thracian family.
.. Are cst-tails used in upholsrer
ing and mattresses? &.
A. Cat-rails are no. used CONNER
ciallv in this country. In England
they were used for uphOlsterins prior
TO the time that kapok was introduced
from Java Cattails have A disagree
able odor that is not easily removed
and for that reason they are not sat
isfs ctory when used for upholsterinG
and making mattresses.
@. How many people live within =
radius of 500 miles of tsburgh2-
w. Fl. w.
A Within 80 miles OF Pittsburgh
there is a population of approxima telY
! 500. 900; within 100 miles radius, =.
400 900 persons. and within a 50omile
radius, 64 900, 900 persons.
@. What name is given 10 words
which are pronounced alike. but are
spelled differently and have different
meanfngs?-A. NJ.
A They are called homonyms; for
example, fair and fare.
@ How long has the Diesel oil mo.
tor been known?-T. {. G.
A II was invented in 1900.
@ Low many cars Of freight have
been moved through the Conway and
Scullv yards in a day. {. j.
A. The Pennsylvania Railroad sys
TEN saws that during October. 1928
Evening star., 1925-12-03
The Great Experiment.

Washington begins its great ex-
pertinent today. Pedestrians will
Join the army of regulated street
users stop" and Go" signs at in
terseCtions. a. well a automatic traf-
&c lights will have the same meaning
o the walker as they do to the motor
ist. \ new era is beginning in the
rrsfic of the National Capital.
Although an innovation in Wash
ington. pedestrian regulation has been
in successful operation in many cities.
II promotes street safety. lessons the
friction between motorist and walker
and smooths out the iumhle Of unrec-
uIated pedestrians and regulated au-
tomohilists.
Confusion 1T the ranks of the walk
ers is sure TO exist f,r tnne. There
may even be some resentment al the
new rule Traffic officials believe, how
ever. that the merits of the case will
soon make themselves apparent and
order will come out Of chaos.
Cooperation must nc gwen in order
to make the experiment d success.
s Pedestrians should strive to obey the
rules and motorists should put on
their party manners" TO help thin rs
along.
On the walkers part should come
cheerful compliance with d traffic reg
ulation brought about by preaent-day
congestion in the streets. The term
"jay-valking" should be relesated to
the limbo of forgotten things. and the
pedestrian himself is the one to Off
ciate at the burial services.
Motorists, who fnr years have loud
~ proclaimed their desire TO do more
to aid in safety movements If the
pedestrian is regulated" should vel
come the opportunity to make good
their boasts. Jay-drivins is just as
much an offense against the public a <
jay.walking.
BEGINNING today there should he no
crowdinG over the crosswalks. no
hornblowing for the purpose of fright
ening q walker. no fast turns into
the streams of pedestrians. and no
disobedionce of signals.
Courtesy and hclpfulness should he
the slogan adrpted by both classes Of
street users. The whole adventure
should he marked by the spirit of
cheerfulness and cooperation. and. if
this is the case. there will he only
few recalcitrant pedestrians and mo-
torlsts who will feel tho heavy hand
Of the law
Evening star., 1925-12-03

superficial patter about great move
ments in art" Then he begins to rail.
I'VE have dozens of people who can
build an impeccable Greek temple or
a. superlative Roman bath. perfect
Renaissance palace or a good Italian
garden or even a fair Georgian house.
We have thousands of dealers who are
ransacking Europe and Asia and Ohio
for what they are pleased to call an
tiQues. We pay unheard-of prices for
old masters and period furniture. :"
But" asks Mr.. Dagonet. what good
does it do US? Do we scuttle home
and chuck our overstuffed furniture
out of the window? Do we have the
courage to buy a twenty dollar picture
because we can see without being told
that the man who painted 1t knew what
he was about? Do we do anything to
make our kitchen or our back yard
or our street a delight instead of an
abomination to the eye?" And because
he answers 1--WE do not" he concludes
that lit would be better for us II every
museum in the country were blown
up tonight"
While not agreeing with MIR. Dag
onet's conclusion, one may still sym
pathize with his evaporation. for. after
all. the label can never be A. impor-
tant as the thing itself.
Evening star., 1925-12-03
BACKGROUND OF EVENTS
BY PAUL J. COLLINS.

According 10 Senior Aueustin Ed
wards. the Chilean member of the
plebiscite commission in the Tacna-
africa award. Gen. John ]. Pershing
Is not of an open mind. The Chilean
diplomat comedies that the general
means we'll" but he explains that
his represe natives in the field deceive
him. causing delay in holding the cleo
ton under the plebiscite. That cleo
tion will decide whether Tacna-Arica
shall remain part of Chile after she
mas held it as a spoil of war since
1883. or shall now return TO Peru.
Chile holds sovereignty with her army
and police guarding her possession
II IS claimed that she uses her power
to exile Peruvians or terrorize them,
and II is alleged that Gen. Pershing is
seeking 10 control that situation be-
fore holding the election.
Chile threatens To report Gen.
PershinS's attitude TO the arbiter,
President Coolidge. and if that does
not suffice. may appeal TO the League
of Nations. So impatient is Senior
Edwards at his inability 10 hurry the
plebiscite that he refuses 10 sit with
the commission any longer. That
leaves only Gen. Pershing and the
representative of Peru to work out
the final details of preparation.
There Is a provision in the award
made by President Coolidge which
provides:
I'm case one party fails to appoint
member (of the plebiscite commits
sion) for 80 days after the time here
after provided in this award it shall
thereupon become the duty of the
President of the plebiscite commits
sion to fill the vacancy thus existing.
In making this appointment the
president (of the commission) iS not
limited as 10 the nationality. except
that no more than one member of the
plebiscite commission MAY he ma
tional Of either Chile or Peru. Nacan-
cies shall be filled according TO the
manner Of the original appointment"
Under that provision. if Signor Ed
wards sees At to withdraw from the
commission, Gen. Pershing would fill
the vacancy as he thought best, by
appointing. possibly. a Bolivian or
national of any other South American
or European country.
The award further provides:
The plebiscite commission shall
act by majority vote and shall
establish its own rules of procedure.
| subject TO the provisions of this
award.
The plebiscite commission shall
nave III general COhII vi ONSI
the plebiscite, and shall have author
| ity to determine all questions as to
the registration of voters. the casting
and counting of the vote and whether
| the persons claiming the right to
register and vote are qualified TO do
SO. subject only TO the provisions of
| this opinion and award
X k.*
| Tbore has heep no official statement
as 10 the causes of postponing the
voting. A recent series of letters from
Tacna AFRICA by an American cor.
respondent described the region as
overrun with Chilean police and secret
service spies, and charged that many
Peruvians had been exiled to prevent
their voting. 1t Is alleged that Gen.
Pershins has made a condition prec-
edent of the registration and voting
Evening star., 1925-12-03
''Hard-Boiled'' Hindenbure
Looms as Peace Maker

of Ludendorff and other mlitaristic
forces in Germany. The prevalent
estimate of this situation is voiced
by the Atlanta Journal. when it de.
clares: President Hindenburg will
lose nothing in the esteem of his own
countrymen. and certainly nothing in
the good will of the world. as a re-
suit of Gen. Ludendorff's attack upon
his approval of the Locarno treaties. ="
Rather. continues the Journal bv his
support of the treaties. he gained
rare humor for himself and for his
nation" The Chicago Tribune also
is deeply impressed by Hindenburg's
courage and tirmness in standing for
peace even against the pressure
brought by the Nationalist party that
elected him. Says the Tribune. Hin.
denbnrS's election may be another of
those occasional miracles which go a
long way toward iustifying demo-
cratic government. The people from
time TO time. all the cynics to the
contrary, do sense genuine character
in a man." Under his leadership. ac-
cordinS to the Rochester Times Union
the new German statesma nship has
reversed the bad old policies of the
with the rest of Europe" continues
the Rochester paper. was marching
toward war. Today she is marching
toward an honest and constructive
peace"
The comment Of the Lexington
Leader on this new spirit is that "it
is very promising. Progress is nn.
doubtedly being made abroad. The
United States has not, after ALL" OBJ.
serves the Leader. broken the heart
OF the world or doomed it to genera
tions of warfare and bloodshed bv
declining the invitation to enter the
european system The Alpena News
sees, in the new spirit sweeping over
Europe, applied Christianity in in.
ternatlonal relations. The Christian
world has seldom or never tried that ="
comments the News, but something
may come of it, IL the statesmen keen
the courage of their new faith The
golden rule may he the formula after
all-and the most profitable.
POINTING out that the striking
feature of all these treaties is their
dependence upon the League of Ma
tons, and that none of them can
become effective until GERMANY has
been admitted 10 membership in the
league, the Jackson Citizen Patriot
says: The path TO mutual under.
standing and confidence appears to
nave been found at last Possibly
American -hards' will begin TO Iool,
with little more kindliness on the
league, or. at least, it's agent. the
World Court. after the apparently
honest display of good intentions bv
seven of the leagues leading mem
bers at Locarno.'
Evening star., 1925-12-03

The name Of Hindenhurs is once
more on every tongue. but the ana
themas of World War days have
given place to the plaudits of peace
loving people of every nation, Amer.
leans among the rest as they see the
grizzled veteran of numberless cam
paigns leading his people along the
pathway of peace.
Discussing the action Of the Ger
man Reichstag in voting by heavy
ma iorities to ratify the Locarno
treaties. and also to apply for the
admission of Germany into the League
of Nations" the New York Times
voices it's belief that those who strive
to get an accurate measure OF world
events will see in this decision Of Ger.
many further promise Of brighter days
than Europe has seen for IL years.
The Times mentions as particularly
impressive the declaration OF the Ger.
man chancellor that the German
government now has every confidence
in France The man Of the hour
upon whose vision and courage this
great decision in the main rested Is
Hindenburg, and his name looms large
American press.
X
president Won Hindenburs has
proved that his soldierly qualities and
experience are good enough to COM
pei respect for the mandate of the
people as scrupulous as was his re-
gard for orders of his superiors under
the militaristic regime" says the
Morgantown New Dominion, as 1t
points out that "in the present polit-
ical lineup in Germany for and
against adoption Of the Locarno pacts
he has stood solidly behind the re.
public's ministers. who have acted for
Germany" That the action taken
is a great step toward peace in Eu-
rope is the opinion of the Santa
Rosa Press-Democrat. which states:
"Hindenburg. whatever his faults, IS
known AS a man of his word The
Birmingham News gives credit to
Germany for honestly endeavoring to
come clean and make good in this
new world we're entering" while. as
the Wheeling Intelligencer expresses
it: "Hinde enburg, the man of war. has
become the man of peace. 1t is
strange fate that has made the one
man whose name for A time seemed to
typify might and TO embody the ideal
of military conquest powerful lead
er in the restoration Of Germany
to the paths of peace"
Recalling the days when the news
Of the election of Won Hindenburg
to the presidency of Germany rather
staggered the world. the Charleston
Daily Mail says: THE election of
Hindenburg as President of Germany
seems to have been a good thing for
Germany. So far, the man Of war
has proved to be faithful to the
trust reposed In him and to the obli-
cations he assumed as head of
new kind of government" The Mil
waukee Journal also expresses faith in
the aged President Of the German re-
public, remarking: "Hindenburg un-
derstands what Is best for Germany,
and such fame as he has can only
be enhanced, IL he proves himself to
be a wiser leader in peace than in
war "Hindenburg's career has
turned out to bear points Of re-
semblance to that of our own George
washington" according to the New
London Day. His fame should be
secure In Germany, for. like Wash.
ington, he has no capacity for i'm
placable hatred of his late enemies"
Little weight is given in the Ameri-
can pres, comment to the opposition
Evening star., 1925-12-03
Back to Solid Ground.

The absence of hysteria in the re.
porr of the Presidents Aircraft Board
now made public is most welcome
The recommendation contained in the
report. moreover. bear added weight
hecause Of the personnel Of the board
itself. selected by the President with
particular view TO their qualifications
for passing upon the important prob.
. lem of how best TO maintain and de-
velop aviation and air defense in the
United States.
The Aircraft Board docs not pro
pose TO tear down. 1t proposes to
huild up. 1t is reassurin- to the
American people in these days. when
Il has been shouted from the house
tops that the United States is pitfably
weak in it's air defense and In avia-
.-tior. TO read in the boards report
r'Our strength of air arm in pro
portion TO the general military estab-
/. fshment compares favorably with
that of any other power. Geographi
eel position with reference to other
nations is bound to affect necessary
. air strength az it affects the rest of
the Army"
Nor does the Aircraft Board see this
country menaced by attack from the
air by other nations today. Here
again it refers to the fortunate geo
graphical position Of the United
States and the difficulties which an
enemy nation must overcome by rea-
son Of that position before it could
hope to. deliver successful air at
tack upon America.
Tho board has only the highest
praise for the personnel of the air
services OF the Army and Navy, 10
work done by the pilots in the air and
to the attention given TO the prob
lens of air strategy, and the design
of aircraft and all auXiliaries. IT de-
tends the planes now in use in the air
services, declaring them safe and
differentiating between the terms "ob-
stIescent" and unsafe" 1t points out
that with the rapidly developing
science of aviation planes may be-
come obsolete" upon the construction
OF later designs, but not by any means
unsafe" 1t finds that there has been
no evidence TO show that pilots have
been ordered into the air III unsafe
= planes, as charged recently.
The Aircraft Board has made a
thorough investigation Of the air prob
Iem of this country. 1t held long
hearings. 1t heard all schools Of
bought on the subject. IT heard Col.
: :..tchsu among the others. Ii has re-
Evening star., 1925-12-03
Kipling's Illness.

Millions of persons will read with
regret that Rudyard kiplins is Sc
riously i'll. People in all countries
and millions in this country are in
terested in him. They believe they
know him. His writing has he char
acter which makes the writer and the
reader friends. II is all well enough
10 call kipling a shining light OF
English literature" lie is that. of
course. but he is something else. lie
is writer who is read with earnest
ness and satisfa ction by learned men
and by the unlearned. He speaks to
men in the human-nature way which
makes the reader feel that he is sit
ting with the writer. That. of course.
is literature, but il is lofty and rare
form Of literature. kiplins came into
renown in 1885. when Departmental
Ditties' were published. hut it was in
1858 that he came into wide reCosni-
tion with Plain Tales From the
Hills Soldiers Three" The story
of the GadsbNs." Black and White"
1nanlom hlckshaW ana ee VIII
lie Wrinkle" He has continued To
hold the attention of the public which
reads worthwhile writing. and il is
likely that no other writer of poems
and tales is so much read and quoted
as kiplins. lie is still a Young man.
having been born at Bombay. India
in 1868. Though he suffers from
double pneumonia. all will hope that
the Kings physician spoke with accu-
racy when he said that kipling's con
dition is anxious but not dangerous.
Evening star., 1925-12-03

when traffic as whole was q he
highest point ever reached. the daily
dispatching east and west from Con
way and ScuIly yards ged as fol
lows: East from Conway. ,276; west
from Conway. 500 total. 2.S76. East
from Scully, 721: west from Scully, 625:
total. 1.346. The figures represent
typical peak movements during he
busiest traffic on record.
Q. When was the circular saw in
vented?-C. l.. +.
A. IT was patented bv Samuel Mil
Ter in England in 1777.
9. What kind of coke is best for
domestic use E. -. II.
4. There are three forms OF coke
gas house coke. beehive oven coke and
by-product coke. which il divided into
metallurgical and domestic coke. The
last is the hest for home use.
Q. Where are operas given in Paris
and London?-R H.
A Opera in Paris is produced a the
Opera House and also the Comedie
Francaise. Opera in London is gen
orally produced AT Covent Garden.
Q. What will take heat stain off 4
mahogany table?-G. l.. w.
A. Heat stains may he removed
ing the following in their respective or
der, using a separate cloth for each.
Kerosene. alcohol and sweet or linseed
oil. The last should be well rubbed in
until the spot no longer shows. Ere
quently cloth moistened with warm
camphorated oil will remove the stain.
If these methods fail, proba bly, the ia
bic will have to be refinished.
o. What is the amount OF ALLOW in a
$50 gold piece a. NJ McC.
A. The fine gold contained in a $50
gold coin is 4e4 40 grains: the total
content being Sic grains. The alloy
neither adds nor detracts from the
value OF the coin.
Q. What Will remove butternut
stains from The hands?-J n. T.
a. They may be removed by ash
ing in oXalic acid. \ dilute solution
of 80 TO 50 per cent Of the satura ed
solution should he used.
fHosf people betiere that ererythinG
connected trith the Government IS III
some irog associated 1citb politics
This is not true. The great machinery
that has been buiH up in WaShin 0ton
| for Solriu0 the problems of the people
| goes on its 1rnp UHcbdH9in1 and IN
| diSturbcd trith htfle concern for pdr-
| tics or politics. It's object is the bot-
/ termcHt Of EriH0 conditions of the
american people.
This paper feels that il can perform
/ no greater SerUicc than to place its
! readers in personal touch tcith Cor
| crnRe eHt dctiritieS. For this purpose
| il supports q Washington Inflammation
| BureGU-dn organisation Of trained
! 'rOrherS UhoSe only duty is to Serff
! yoH in your quest for Information. II
! gou hare a question submit II to these
! or IpertS. IHclOSe : cents in STAN pS fOr
! return postage and address The Star
| Inform alton BuroGU. FrederiC J. Has
! kin. Director TWfnty-f first and r
I streets northwest. Washington n. c.