davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-04-23
oRIGEN DEL PRoYECTo DE
LEY QUE Sc pRoPoNE Z CON
sIDERAcIoNEs GENERATES
AcERcA DE sUs DIsPosIcIo-
MES MAS 1MPoRTANTEs

/ c1DEHAC1ONES GENERATES
AcERcA DE sUs DIsPosIcIo
MES MAS IMPoRTANTEs
! Fl prOyecto de referencia ha 81
do tornado de la ley federal de la
misma indole adaptandolo nues-
tras cOndiciones econ6micas, eli
matol6gicas, etc. Sc han tenido ade
mas on cuenta las recomendaciones
hechas por un cuerpo de personas
muy competentes en- esta materia,
que fue designado por el Gobier-
no dc Washington para estud!ar
dicha ley y sugerir las modificacio-
mes que SO crcyeron necesarias pa
"a mejorarla. La ley federal viene
rigiendo desde el afio 1920; y todo
3. caudal de experiencia adquirido
durante cinco amos en- la apltca-
ci6n de La ley. asi como Ell resnlta.
do del estudiO que han hechO y
siguen hacienda los comisionados
del Gobierno, han sido utilizados
para preparar el proyectO que Sc
proponen.
En- el proyecto que Sc proponen
hay algllnos puntos ilnportantes
que es conveniente explicar. En-
primer lugar, la ley Sc hace con-
pulsoria. 81 Sc aprObase con ese
caracter, ell ninero de empIeados
acogidos la Ley de Pensiones al
canzaria a 1922. No est&n COM
prendidOs en- este ndmero los macs
tros de instruction plbhca nj los
nnembros de la Pohcia Insular, psr
estar incluidos unos y otros en- aso
ciaciones especiales. Actualme'.,
hay acogidos a la Ley de Pensio-
mes 1880 empleados, sea lis
de so por ciento del total Que es-
taria comprendido en- el proyec.
70 que Sc propone, ST la ley Sc hi
eiese compulsoria. En- ell proyecto
Sc dispone que los empleados que
cesaren en- sus cargos Sc les de-
vuelva la totahdad de los fondos
que Sc les hayan deseontado para
el Fondo de Pensiones con los in
tcreses correspondientes a razon
del 8 por ciento annual. De manera
que no Sc daria nunca el case de
q un empleado saliese perjudicado
por su ingreso obligatorio en- la
asociaci6n, va que disfrutaria de
los benefcios de esta, 0. en- case
contrario, Sc le reintegraria ei
fondo acumulado con un interes
razonable.
Otro punto importante del pro-
yecto es ell anmento, al go men
sual. del descuento del go que
actualmente Sc hace en- los suel-
dos de los empleados para el Fon-
do de Pensiones. Sin ese aulnento,
| fcontinna cn IA pag, p
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1925-04-23
A QUESTION FUE AMPLIAMENTE DISCUTIDA
In FL CAUCUS DE LA ALIANZA-JSE TEME LA
REPETITION DE LA EPOCA DE RELY?
IL PRESPES0 LA LEY De INCOME TAX SEAN DSCDOS APROE
i MAYOR BREvEDAD PARA HACER POSSIBLE EL RECESO
III CAUCUS DE AALANZA EMPEZO LAS DEZ DE LA NOCFE
| LAS TRES DE La MANANA
NO FAT0 NJ UN SOLO LEGISLATOR AANSTAA RESOLUTION DEL Lei
MONDRAG0N FUE APR0BADA P0R UNANuNiIDAD

NFORNlO ESTIA
RACONES ESTABAN VSANDO
Ell CAMBIO DEL GOBERNADOR
EN- CONTRA DE W
The Alaska fisherman., 1925-10-15
Opinion of Attorney General
 RuStgard on Pensions

WiIn the OC1ef to D0SCOW It upon favored individuals is held to be none the less a robbery because it is done under the forms of law and is called taxation. "This is not legislation. It is decree under legislative forms," said the Supreme Court in a we'll known and leading case.
 The courts have uniformly held that to collect a tax or to disburse public funds for any but public pur- poses or for purposes otherwise dis countenanced by law is to take the property of the tax payer "without due process of law" in violation both of the 5th and the 14th amend ment to the constitution.
 It was this principle of the law which President Coolidge evidently had in mind in his recent inaugural address when he stated:
 "The collection of any taxes which are not absolutely required, which do not beyond reasonable doubt con- tribute to the public welfare, is only a species of legalzed larceny. The only constitutional tax is the tax which ministers to public necessity"
 Obviously, it is as illegal to levy taxes for private purposes or for private benefits as it is to levy taxes for purposes expressly pro- hibited by the constitution or by such enactments as define the power of lot if ifXy no more be defended than the other. It must follow that the right to make appropriations of money from the public treasury must be meas ured by the same test as that by which it is raised by taxation and put into the treasury. If taxes could not be imposed for a purpose, money already in the treasury could not be appropriated for that purpose. A gift of the public funds to an individual when no public purpose is directly subserved is be- yond the boyer of the Legislature.
 To constitute public use of public funds the bereft must be bestowed upon those who will enjoy it as members of the public and not as individuals,-it must be so bestowed that it can be enjoyed by all who are similarly situated and without regard to color, creed, or previous conditions of servitude. In conso- nance with these general principles it has been held by the courts that public authorities may not divert public funds for the maintenance of a private institution from the ben efts of which the trustees of the institution have right to exclude any citizen at their pleasure.
The Alaska fisherman., 1925-10-15


 Member of House of Representatives, Juneau, Alaska.
 Dear Sir:
 In your communication to this of flee under date of 26th ultimo, you submit the question as to whether or not Chapters A and 46 of the laws of 1928 are valid. Your ex~ pressed doubt on the subject is based upon the exclusion of the natives of Alaska from the benefits of those acts.
 Chapter A provides assistance for indigent mothers of ''white" children under the age of 16 years. Chapter 46 provides an allowance to indigent men and women of advanced age who are without means of support. The act expressly excludes from par ticipation in it's benefits "any native or other Indian"
 It will be observed that under the former chapter no aid can be given to a mother whose child is of partly negro or partly native Indian blood, but can be given only where the child of such mother belongs to the white race--that is, to one of the European" races. The latter chapter affords an allowance to all needy residents, whether men or women, who have past a specified age limit prescribed by the act, provided they do not belong to or are descended from a native Indian race.
 The question now arises as to whether or not this discrimination in favor of the white race and against certain other races inhabit- ing Alaska renders these two acts void.
 The money expended under these acts for the assistance of certain indigents is raised by public rev enues, and the primary question to be answered is whether or not such expenditure is for private or for a public purpose-for an unlawful or for lawful purpose. If this purpose is unlawful the acts are void.
 The fifth amendment to the Fed erai Constitution provides that "no person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property without due proc ess of law"
 The fourteenth amendment to the Constitution provides that "no State shall * deny to any person within it's jurisdiction the equal pro- lection of the laws"
 Section 1877 R. c. provides:
 "All persons within the jurisdic tion of the United States saall have the same right in every State and Territory to the full and equal benefit of all laws and pro-
The Alaska fisherman., 1925-10-15

SACAACAo1 eIIu Suctll Uc SuUJ0CC to llkc punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses ard eXactions of every kind, and to no other."
 Section of the Organic Act of the Territory, which defines and limits the power of the Legislature, provides among other things "nor shall the Legislature grant to any corporation, association, or individual any special or exclusive privilege, immunity or franchise without the affirmative approval of Congress, nor shall the Legislature pass local or special laws in any of the acts enumerated in the Act of July 30, 1886; nor shall it grant private charters or special privileges.
 The aforementioned Act of July 30, 1886, inhibits the Legislature from granting to any corporation, association, or individual any special or exclusive immunity or franchise whatever"
 At the present time it is reason ably we'll settled that the equality clause of the 14th amendment to the constitution is addressed only to the States ard not to the Federal Gov ernment or to Territories, but it is also settled that the section from the "Civil Rights Act" above quoted (Section 1917 R. s. is designed to apply the principles of the 14th amendment to the Territories as we'll as to the States, and by virtue of it's provisions all persons irrespect- i've of race must be given full and equal benefit of all laws.
 It seems quite clear that the dis crimination in favor of the white race, so clearly expressed in the legislative enactmeEts under consid eration, is in conflict with the eX- plicit inhibitions of the various con- st:tutional provisions and Congress sional acts above quoted.
 The dark skinned races are eN- cluded from the enjoyment of those benefits which the Acts bestow upon the whites, and the latter are grant ed privileges which are denied other races. This being seemingly above dispute, the question presents itself as to whether or not public funds can be disbursed for purposes pro- hibited by the above quoted limita- tions upon the power of the Legis- lature.
 It is a well settled principle of Constitutional law that no tax can be levied except for the purpose of raising money which is to be expend- ed for the public use, This principle is fundamental and underlies all government that is based on reason rather than force. To lay with one
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
DARROW'S CLOSING PLEA
LEAVES COURT IN TEARS
CONTINUED from mage

Continued from page u
to make way through the crowd for
the jurymen. All Thanksgiving Day
colored people remained waiting and
watching, many of them going with
out Thanksgiving dinner in order to
be on hand.
Judge Murphy Landed.
81 want to pay a tribute to the
magnificent way in which Judge Muir
ply conducted the trial. He did his
utmost to exclude the issue of race
prejudice and his final charge to the
jury was a masterpiece of scholarly
learning and judicial impartiality.
'The case has largely changed
public sentiment in Detroit. The bet
ter class opinion is now with the
defendants, although the Khan is, of
course, more bitter than ever. But
the N. A. A. c. P. will continue to
fight the case and both Messrs. OAR
row and Arthur Garfield Hays will
continue to lead the defense until a
conclusion has been reached"
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
RAILROAD BRIEFS

Our latest victim of "Cupids bow
is w. H. Archer, st. Paul, Pullman
employee who quietly married Miss
Ella Louise Garrett, on November
23rd past.
G. C. Shannon, Pullman porter
committeeman went to Chicago Mon
day to confer with the Pullman COM
pany's industrial supervisor.
The st. Paul Pullman Porters'
Harmony club is the newest railroad
mems organization, being an adjunct
to the local P. P. B. A. lodge. The
present membership numbers seventy
with more joining every day. The
club intends to sponsor the organiza-
ton of a women's auxiliary.
A. G. West heads the committee on
constitution and bylaws of the Har-
mony club, the other members being,
D. A. Rose, w. H. Parker, C. E. New
man, ]. ]. Wilson, R. H. Gray and A.
Robinson.
st. Paul Lodge No. 3 held two
meetings last week. The first on
Wednesday, Dec. 2, and Friday, Dec.
4th in the gymnasium of the Union
Station.
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
~N THE REALM
# Of ====9;9;;;9;==5=
\1lubdOrn

Mrs. w. B. Elliot, AIS University
Ave., was hostess to the Adelphia
club, Tuesday afternoon.
The R. o. 500 club was entertain
ed Tuesday afternoon by Mrs. Ida
Smith, S6S st. Anthony Ave.
The Self Culture club met We'd
nesday afternoon with Mrs. William
Hood, GA st. Anthony Ave- At the
close of the meeting luncheon was
served by the hostess.
Miss Leatia Hudson was hostess to
the Royal Entertainers club Satur-
day evening.
Mrs. Mayme Bunell, 1911 9Th Ave.
No., entertained the Sunshine Charity
club at her home Thursday evening.
| Covers were laid for sixteen and an
elaborate luncheon was served. Mr..
and Mrs. C. Calbert of St. Joseph,
Mo-, were the guests of honor.
Miss Anita Roberts, 97S st. An
thony Ave, was hostess to the Cameo
Social club and their friends Tues
day evening. Miss Cynthia Hicks is
president and Miss Esther Bradley
secretary.
The Ushers' Board of st. James
A. M. E. church met Wednesday eve
ming with Mr.. and Mrs. Herman Cot
ton of st. Adams St.
The Venus Sunshine and Elect club
of Memorial Baptist church met with
Mrs. Fraction of 1928 Smelling Ave.
Thursday evening and was entertain
ed by Mrs. M. Jenkins.
The Coed club met at the home
of Miss Leah Mae Minor, All w. Cen
trail Ave, on Saturday, December 5,
1925. A short business meeting was
held, after which refreshments were
served.
XII Chapter, Omega Psi Phi Frater-
nifty, entertained Mr.. Roland Hayes,
brilliant tenor, at luncheon, Friday,
| December II, at the Minnesota Union
on the campus, University of Mime
sofa. Mr.. Hayes is a member of
Omega Psi Phi Fraternity.
The Busy Bee club of young peo-
pie will give Xmas party at the
home of Miss Odessa Williams, 31S
N. Grotto, Saturday evening, Deem
Der 26. This club will give baskets
to needy families.
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
"Y" NOTES

You are invited to the Member
ship Get-to-Gether" at the Y. w. c.
A. December II at 8 P. M. Round
table discussion, music, recreation
and refreshments. For young and
old-lay aside your cares and join
us for a pleasant evening. We want
to be in closer touch with our mem
bers and the community; to estab-
fish a real spirit of fellowship among
the women and girls of st. Paul.
With this end in view the member
ship committee, under the chairman
ship of Mrs. A. w. Jordan, has plan
ned monthly lettings for members and
friends at which time interesting pro-
grams will be arranged, followed by
group recreation.
CHRIST IS BORN IN BETHLE-
HEM is the name of the pageant to
be given by the Girl Reserves at
Vespers December 20. 1t is the old,
old story of the beautiful
in it's simplicity. You cannot afford
to miss it. Come and bring friend.
An interesting program was rem
dered at our Sunday Vesper services
by the Roosevelt Relief Corps 80.
We gratefully acknowledge our in
debtedness to this organization for a
beautiful silk American flag, togeth-
er with a flag stand, which Mrs. Lola
Edwards, Patriotic Instructor of the
Corps, in an inspiring talk, presented
to the branch. Mrs. Zula Tandy,
chairman of the committee of man
agement, graciously accepted the
gift on behalf of the Y. w. G. A.
Other features of the program were
patriotic musical selections arranged
and played by Mrs. T. H. Lyles, re-
marks by Mrs. Davis, state treasurer
of the Minnesota Grand Army of the
Republic, and vocal Duets by her
grandchildren.
Rev. T. j. Carr will be the speaker
at vesper services on December 10.
The public is cordially invited to at
tend; 4:30 P. M.
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
THE PRESIDENT SPEAKS

Once the president has delivered his annual
to congress- and plea tolerance for the Negro
been made.
Outlining the facts that the Negro makes u nearly one tenth
OF the population of the United States he is one of the most
loyal citizens of the country and that made almost in
credible progress during 60 arts President
dge urges the necessity of securing large element the
population equal justice and protection violence and
punshng any persons who attempt upon that gop
In passing it not be note that the effectiveness
OF te in this matter will depend largely UPON
the degree OF earnesness which the president displays that
gard Ii his later attitude shows aggressive the RIGHTS
OF his coored citizens those rights will be generally respect
ed both to individual treatment throughout the country and
beneficial legislative enactment
Should he retreat however to ukewa state now that tho
has been broadcasted the evils omitted action
will be in evidence the coming have aten prevailed
the past.
The tragcaly humorous part message about the Ne
gro that the executive pleads with certain elements
the country not to harm colored people, People who do
violent acts upon Negroes should be punished he says
That 1T should be necessary this enlightened stage of civil
zatlons progress country which admittedly Christian
and OF the most progressive nations globe to plead with
the body citizens that they should harm of the
which make the whole downright funny Funner still is
ha TACT that the caution based unounded whm but
upon the revolving truth that within the of these United
States brutal crime committed almost unchecked by
the nlne-tenths upon the everp1ogressng onetenth
Grim humor that! Hnor of the that daily making
smngfaced black with seethng hearts realize
more that only In cooperation themselves
ton be developed which will result greater protection from
within Humor that look back proudly upon decades
eventfu achievement in the face of difficulties Humor
that gances undauned into whatever the future may bring
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
NEGRO COMMUNISTS

is either queer thing very natural thing that out of
all the newspaper comment which the Negro
elected southern journal should have expressed in very
lucid terms the kernel of the whole matter
This paper the Norfolk VirgnianPio said part:
way to make the Negro better and element our popua
ton not to organize fights imaginary alien seduce
to conduct intelligent offensive against the domestic
menaces that embtte the Negroes life and pe him
acts of rebellion One of these unspeakabe lynch
ing practices Others execabe housing conditions
educatlon and grossly unfair discrimination the matter
parks and Fairgrounds In these lie the
that the American Negro become radical If he becomes
radical, it will be Americas fault-not Russia's."
Very truly and fairly said Much the idea advanced
IN an editorial in recent issue of the Dearborn Independent
The editorial pointed that Negro wanted when
ne moved into white residential districts the white
residents Immediately believed feer association with white
pe but better housing lighting and conditions esden
a which could be obtained in white
sections but which often denied colored districts
So in the of Doctors Turner and Sweet Detroit
it the of local coored attorney The white
people whole realize the truth in the statements like those
quoted which made in their journals the will this prob
lem of residential segregation and expansion be cleared
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
RACE PRIDE

Too much credit cannot be given
to the D. Y. w. Y. K. girls for the
wonderful spirit of racial ce-opera-
ton in their renting Union Hall for
their recent play. Repeath the play,
girls.
We are praising them for the fact
that they could have rented other
halls with greater seating capacities
for the same amount or less money
than they paid for Union Hall, but
since Union Hall is their races own
they chose it in spite of the fact that
more than 100 persons were turned
away because it was crowded beyond
capacity long before the curtains
went up.
AS long as we take our dances,
plays, mass-meetings, etc., to halls
and auditoriums belonging to the
other race, just so long will Union
Hall remain the size it is at present.
There are those among us who are
so short-sighted and thoughtless that
they are willing to patronize the halls
of the other race because of the tenn
porary advantages offered; we hear
time and again say that U. H. "is too
small and that it is better to go to
Minneapolis with certain functions
because 1--WE can dance until l
o'clock" We admit that st. Paul
ordinance requires dances to close at
II, but should the mere matter of
one hours pleasure cause our race
pride to vanish? Be Independent.
Patronize U. H. and soon Union Hall
Association will be in a position to
add sufficiently to the hall to be able
to accommodate our largest dance
crowd.
The men at the head of U. H. A.
are level-headed business men and
we feel sure that they deem it moth
ing short of folly to expend several
thousands of dollars in enlarging
U. H. when our functions are being
taken to other halls.
We don't expect the younger set
to understand why we are so
proud of U. H. as it stands today, but
we look with disdain on the older
ones who have so soon forgotten what
we were up against before we had
U. H. For the information of the
young and reminder to the old, we
wish to say that in those days we
could rent only hall that was in the
worst location in town and in such
rundown condition that no one else
would rent it, and even then our
women were insulted and our men
sneered at. Things are little better
now that we have U. H. Other doors
are thrown open to us.
During our life time we have made
study of the other race at close
range; we have studied from the
Pennsylvania Coal-Baron to the Min
nesota bod carrier, and we find that
in almost all cases he respects power,
and that only.
So long as we don't control a ma
ton of our own, the next best thing
to do is to patronize our own and &C
cumulate wealth, because the white
man respects the power of wealth
more than anything else save the
muzzle of a cannon.
THE SPHINX.
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
FRANCE LOSES A MAN
preston News Service)

(PTeStOn News SefVce)
The lone American Negro fighting with the French Moroc
co has been killed.
Although not with the French this African warfare
nevertheless there is something fine and heroic this Negro
dying the beloved France where Liberty Equality
and Fraternity than words than sounding
BRASS Perhaps this Cole felt that he owned debt to France
for permitting him, for the first time breathe full breath
of freedom and brotherhood.
am reminded of the time that French officer asked why
there Negro division in the American army At first told
him that did not know And then explained that
try about fifty cent of the people uncze ignorant
babaans About ten cent downright This
officer with show feeling said that such thing could
happen in France
And while Coles family will his passing they
take solace in the fact that he has died for France
ERNEST RICE MCKINNEY
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12

weak members of savage tribes are driven into
seclusion to die alone because they are pos
sessed of "devils, and evil spirits"
Clean, white beds, good food, air, sunlight,
and expert care have replaced the old methods
of caring for the sick of the state. No longer
is torture resorted to as cure. Medical atten-
ton of the best tYpe available is provided in
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12

The man who is careless with the
reputation of a woman is doubly to
blame. Men walk off from scandal
and by some strange manner keep
respectable, but when a woman is
cast down every hand is against her.
Woe be to the man who casts her
down.
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12
"FOR THOSE WHO DE-

In dirty streets of ancient Palestine low hooded fig
crep the cutters whining each shrinking passerby Gun
clean! Unclean! Dear MASTER aims we pray!"
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12

private and public hospitals
WhteObed from bed to bed changing scorch
ing pillow bringing glass of cool water reaangng displaced
And they work. sunken into faces where the skin
is drawn tight smile happily lips pale and boodless
attempted show of appreciation and skinny hands pick the sheets
in nervous display of a faded animation
At times the steal into secluded where visitors
allowed time of the night day. and where the eternal
moonssness of the covered figures indicates Enthusiastically the
approach of a stalking monster.
The other side of the picture brighter the activities of
people who perfect health but who restricted spend
certain portion of each day bed for the necessary purpose
of re the chatter of these people, their plans for spending
little time at home with their families their eagerness hear
about the progress of who has been dismissed
For both those classes of people, should gve and give
freely the which fighting tuberculosis The death toll
the disease has been cut in two Let be cut again half
sze
the of those who be safeguarded in the
who attacked by the disease growing WE'LL and
those who die for lack preventive measures
port the tuberculosis Christmas seal drive.
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12

Thousands of children are employ
ed in the silk spinning mills of China.
The St. Paul echo., 1925-12-12

Entered second class the post office At
St. Paul, Mimi. under the act of March g. 1878"