davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Leprosy in the Philippine Islands
Held Menace to Health of Americans

the nature Of his country and climate,
particularly favor the spread of this
special contagion.
These facts, and the greater num-
bers Of the Filipinos domiciled
among us, whether as students, SER
wants or what not. point to the
Philippines as the chief menace TODAY.
We shall do well, therefore, to face
the truth. From such iniltrations.
history records, have other countries
reaped harvests of Woe
Again to quote DR.. Heiser:
1T is well to bear in mind that it
is not so very long ago that France
had 1000 leper hospitals and England
had them by hundreds. Only this
past year, after a comparative alb
sence of nearly a century, the dis
ease has again reappeared in Holland
and an old leper hospital has had to
be reopened. Thus it is apparent
that vigilance is at least highly
desirable"
What shall we do? Set UP a pas
sive defense? Try, ostrich-like, to
bury our wits and our conscience in
our own sand? Or shall we attack
and carry the war into the enemy's
trenches?
From the year 1906, when DIR.
Heiser, as Americas commissioner Of
public health, took up his anti
leprosy work in the Philippines, up
to 1914, when the de-Americanization
OF the insular government began,
wonderful progress was attained
toward controlling and stamping out
the disease at this most fragrant of
sources. Shall that work now be
forcefully resumed and pursued?
The Philippines, with the largest
leper colony in the world, still pre-.
sent the worlds greatest opportunity
scientifically to study the disease and
to devise methods for it's control and
cure. And our flag still flies over
these islands. Are they to remain
under the curse, terror to us, to
themselves and to all nations, or is
an unspeakable blessing for them
selves, for us and for the whole
world to be wrought in them, under
our care?
The decision Is ours to make. No
middle course remains-and, as the
tragic story of the New Jersey school
makes, clear, no more time for
waiting.
(Copyright 1881
Evening star., 1925-09-06

The mouse ran into a small room
from which there was no escape. AS
soon as the chase was stopped the
mouse would sit up on its launches
and sing, the singing approximating
the noise made by the cricket, but
much more continuous. For 10 or Is
minutes before the mouse was cap
tured 1T was in open space and under
constant observation, and every time
1t came to rest this singing would take
place, even under the excitement of
the chase. The mouse was finally cap
tured, but was fatally injured during
the capture and died the next day, in
spite of effort to keep 1t alive for fur
ther observation. 1t was turned over
to a naturalist, who identified it as the
common variety of house mouse.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
BELGIAN DEBT SETTLEMENT
AIDS ECONOMIC NORMALLY
Potential Success of Coming Parleys Shows World
Returning to Natural Conditions in Realm
of Finance, Banker Believes.

cancellation of an appreciable portion
of the debt. This, together with the
long term provided for payment, may
be interpreted as more than a recog-
milton of the question of ability to
pay" and of the moral obligation TO
a former ally. The small amounts
of the annual payments represent a
safeguard against the dangers inher-
ent in all the huge international obli-
cations growing out of the war.
No additional taxes will be levied
in Belgium to fulfill it's engagements
under this agreement, it is officially
stated; and, If the Dawes plan func-
tions normally. Belgium's war debt
is practically Cancelled.
Quotes Belgian Minister.
And there is great significance to
the remark of the Belgian finance
minister, NJ. Jansen: above all, we
are glad that we are finished with
the great unknown in our finances.
Now we know exactly where we
stand and the sword of Damocles no
longer hangs over our head. We can
lay out a financial program that we
can execute"
The necessity for removing that
menacing factor of debt uncertainty
from their finances, as a prerequisite
of full recovery and stability, is
equally true of other nations in Eu-
rope. Only very recently, in fact, NJ.
Painleve. the French premier, cor
rectly declared: I'm the same way
as our country has not full political
liberty so long as the problem of the
floating debt is not solved, it cannot
have liberty, at least full liberty. in
it's foreign policy so long as the mat
ter of interallied debts is unsettled"
Eleven other debtor nations, ex-
Guiding Russia and Austria, have yet
to fund their debts to the United
States Government, which aggregate
now, principal and interest, $685.
SIT, 900. France and Italy, owing, re-
spectively, $4,210.55 ,94S and S2,13S,-
543,852, are the chief debtors.
Other Discussions to Follow.
The discussions with France and
Italy which are to follow will be of
unusual import in another direction.
1t is desired to have them disposed of
before the time comes for open dis
cuSsion of such subjects as a. World
Court, the proposed arms limitation
conference, the eodification of inter
national laws and the various ques-
tions relating to Russia and China
that are awaiting determination.
Many matters of policy and of in
direct negotiation with various Euro
pean governments are still open.
Conclusion of the debt settlement and
elimination of it's irritating influence
is a recognized essential in carrying
all these matters to a final settle
ment.
And, finally, perhaps the insistence
on payment of these debts will do
more In preventing or tending to pre-
vent future wars than rs now
realized.
tCopyright. 1925)
Evening star., 1925-09-06
BY JULIUS ROSENWALD.
Philanthropist, Founder of Rosenwald
Fund for Negro Schools.

The o-called negro problem was
confined largely to the South before
the great war. Now it is a national
problem. Prior to 1914 the negro usu-
ally was an agricultural worker. To-
day he is a big factor in Americas
Industrial life.
The World War virtually put stop
TO foreign immigration to the United
States. Hundreds Of thousands of
Europeans living in this country were
called to the colors. Under the stim-
uluS of war conditions industries in
the North expanded greatly.
These three factors caused a labor
shortage that forced the Northern in
duStrialists to scour the country for
available workers. The greatest sup
ply of such labor was found among the
negroes of the South, and this was
drawn upon to a great extent
The result was the beginning of the
largest migration of negroes in the
history OF America. a migration that
Is still in progress.
Migration Markell by Two Phases.
The migration has been marked by
two phases, that of 1916-1920 and that
commencing anew in 1922. The first
really began in 1915, reached it's max
lmum in 1917 and continued at a
slower pace up to 1920. when the eco
homie depression brought it to a halt.
The revival of business prosperity
In 1922 brought on a new exodus from
the South. Thousands of negroes who
had remained North during the Pc
Ilod or depression wrote to their
friends and relatives. urging them to
come North, and in many cases send
ing them money for the Journey
The 1920 census reported the negro
population OF the Nation to be about
1Ola million, or 10 per cent of the
total population. The negro popula-
ton in the North was shown to be
more than one and one-half million.
NOrthward Movement Cited.
The essentially industrial implica-
tions of the Northward movement in
the last eight years is revealed by
the fact that more than one million
Northern negroes, or 73 per cent, live
in 10 industrial centers, as follows,
using round figures:
Indianapolis district, 47,5O0: Detroit
Toledo district, $500; Cleveland
Youngstown district, $500: Kansas
City district, 65400: Pittsburgh dis
trtct, $4,000; Columbus Cincinnati dis
trict, $4,000; st. Louis district. 102 500:
Chicago district. 131 500: Philadelphia
district, 24S,300; New York district,
Pol 500.
The concentration of the negro in
these 10 Northern centerS not only
has projected the so-called negro prob
lem in the North, but has presented
II In new aspects. Eighty per cent of
the negroes in the South live in rural
communities. The present status and
future of the negro, therefore, are pri-
marily linked with industry in the
North and with agriculture in the
South.
Negro Acquires Industrial Skill.
The present selective immigration
law was passed by a Republican ad-
ministration and will probably remain
IN force for another four years. Even
should the law be repealed. thousands
of negroes have acquired skill in me-
chanical occupations that puts them
beyond the likelihood of replacement
by foreign labor. In short, Northern
Evening star., 1925-09-06

cross the path.
The closer the source of heat was
placed to the path. the more the ants
deviated in passing this spot. With
the heat turned off and the cold
draught operating, the ants again de-
waited in passing the spot which was
cold.
The hot rays from the sun were
found to be as effective as the artifi-
cial heat. At noon, when the SUMS
rays beat directly down upon the path
of the ants, they sought to avoid the
heat by deviating. but, finding it i'm
possible to dodge the heat in this man
ner, they speeded up their travel and
simply ran away from the heat.
Evening star., 1925-09-06

portant things which may or may not
be found, on discussion, to traverse
the Versailles treaty. The treaty must
not be traversed; but the interpreta-
tion's the thing. All difficulties and
inconsistencies may be removed or
neatly evaded by suitable interpreta-
ton II there's a common will thereto.
The committee ended its labors on
Friday, with what accomplishment
has not been disclosed to the public.
The sessions were very close; out
siders could only judge how things
were going by the expression and
demeanor of the delegates as they
emerged.
The British looked confident, the
Germans and French depressed. If
the legal experts got nowhere, the
meeting of the big-wigs hoped for in
the near future. may be long de-
hyed. The last minute decision of
Mussolini to have an Italian repre-
sentative on the jurists' committee is
of reassuring significance.
The League of NatiOns.-The thir-
ty-fifth session of the League of Ma
tions Council opened at Geneva on
September 2. NJ. BRAND, foreign
minister of France, and Austen
Chamberlain, British foreign minis
ter, are in attendance.
The most important question con-
fronting the council is that of the
northern frontier of Irak (the Mosul
question:. Tewfik Bey, the Turkish
foreign minister is pleading his coun-
try's case before the council, while
Lieut.. Col. Amery, the British CO.
lonial minister, represents Irak and
Britain
The British government has con-
sented to continuance for 25 years
of it's mandate over Irak, should
Mosul be awarded to the latter.
The sixth assembly of the League
of. Nations opens tomorrow.
!: r X y
Miscellaneous.-On August 81 the
fourteenth Zionist World Congress
ended it's stormy proceedings at vi
emma. The conservative element
finally won out and DR.. WeiZmann
was continued as president of the
executive. The bellicose element was
for quick mass immigration of Jews
into Palestine to submerge the Arabs,
for appropriation of all Palestinian
land held by Arabs and for a strong
Zionist armg. They were violently
critical of British mandatory policy.
When they had sufficiently effer-
Vesced, sane and practical measures
were discussed. The conservative
and predominantly agricultural policy
is TO be maintained.
The recent grand rally at Vienna,
attended by big German delegation
headed by the Socialist president of
the Reichstag. of advocates of union
of Austria with the German Reich
was of greater or smaller significance
according TO this or that interpreta'
ton. The Reichstag presidents as.
sertion that entrance of Germany
into the league would facilitate such
union produced uncordial reactions in
France, Italy and the succession
States.
A Polish Lithuanian conference is
in process in the neutral atmosphere
of Copenhagen. Genuine amity be
tween Poland and Lithuania would
be a tremendous boon TO eastern
Europe.
Diplomatic relations between Great
Britain and Mexico are to be resumed
The Bolivian Congress has an.
nulled the election of Senior Villa
nueva as President of Bolivia.
This action was responsive to
pressure from Senior Saavedra
whose term as President expired or
August 5, and who is said to have
military backing.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Musical Mouse Regarded Rare Find
By Nebraska University Professor

A musical mouse is the astonishing
animal described by Dr. Edwin B.
Powers of the University of Nebraska
in the forthcoming number of the
Journal of Mammalogy.
According to Dr. Powers story. DR..
H. A. Morgan, a friend of his, was
bothered for three or four nights last
spring by a singing noise, which for a
while was attributed to a leaky radia-
tor valve. Curiosity finally, getting
the better of DR.. Morgan. he began
search for the source of the noise, and
found that it was not coming from the
radiator, but from a different part of
the room. To his dismay, he found
that the noise was coming from a
waste-paper basket. Upon shaking the
basket, a mouse ran out and DIR. Nor
gan gave chase.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Lowly Ant, Like Humans, Is Declared
Sensitive to Hot and Cold Weather

That the lowly ant is as sensitive
to heat and to cold as human beings,
and that the ant prefers his tempera-
ture not too hot and not too cold. is
shown by a report from D. f. Miller
and NJ. Cans of Ohio State University.
to appear in the next issue of the
Journal of Comparative Psychology.
group of ants in going to and
from their nest were found to traverse
certain path on the face of a stone.
On one side of this path a covered
electric light bulb was placed to serve
as a source of controlled heat. On the
other side was placed a brine coil
inclosed in an iron can, from which
draught of cold air could be made to
Evening star., 1925-09-06

United States of America-The an.
thracite coal miners of Pennsylvania
struck at midnight August 81.
John Hays Hammond, chairman of
the Federal Coal Commission, which
two years ago investigated the coal
mining industry, has advised the
President to urge on Congress enact
ment of legislation embodying the
recommendations of that commission.
The President went some distance in
that sense IN his last message to Con-
gress.
At $40 am, Thursday, while sail
ing over Caldwell, Ohio (35 miles north
or Marietta). en- route from Lakehurst.
n. j., to st. Louis, the Navy dirigible
Shenandoah was split in three Sec
tions by Zine squall," and of the
43 men on board IA Is officers, includ-
ing the ships commander, Lieut..
Comdr. Zachary Lansdowne, and en-
listed mem were killed and (enlisted
mem seriously injured.
A vertical air current carried the
ship from an altitude of $500 to one
of $500 feet, where she righted, but
soon another current carried her up
to an altitude of 1000 feet, where al
most on end, reeling and twisting she
buckled.~- The control cabin gondola
broke from it's fastening prior to the
buckling and dropped plumb, all it's
IL inmates being killed. The three
sections were coolly and skillfully
handled as free balloons and brought
to earth with only four casualties,
two losing precarious holds and drop
ping to death, two injured in landing.
Value of Helium Proved.
The value of helium gas was strik-
ingly demonstrated, there being no
fire, as in the disasters to the Roma
and the ZR-2.
The Navy plans for test of the value
for war purposes of the Zeppelin type
are hard hit, since it is doubtful
whether the Los Angeles may, under
the conditions of her award to our
Government, properly be used for
such tests, and immediate congress
sional appropriation for new construc-
ton in that kind is doubtful. The
Shenandoah was the first American
built rigid dirigible.
An attempt Of two naval seaplanes,
the PN-9, No. l, and the PN-9, No. 8,
to make n nonstop flight from San
Francisco to Honolulu ended dismally
in the case Of the PN-9, No. 3. and
ldisastrously in the case of PN-9, No. L.
Guardships equipped with radio had
been stationed at intervals of about
200 miles between San Francisco and
help. if necessary.
I, The two planes took off from San
Pablo Bay, an arm of San Francisco
Bay, about pm. August 81. The
PN-9, No. 3, was compelled by engine
trouble to descend about 200 miles
out from San Francisco, and was tow
ed back to port. capsizing en- route, but
saved. The PN-9 No. 1, owing to head
winds, exhausted it's gasoline supply
and made q forced landing $50 miles,
more or less (probably less), west of
Honolulu. About 1 pm. September /,
the plane passed over the guardship
Farragut, 430 miles from Honolulu.
At pm. she radioed that she was
short of gas, repeating that message
several times. At $50 she radioed
Getting interesting, just little gas
left" At she radioed, 1T is raining
here" At 400 pm. she radioed What
is the weather." At APO the Aroostook
(guardship 230 miles from Honolulu
radioed the plane asking her course.
Receiving no reply and the plane
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Cafe Atop Church.

On the roof of the Cathedral of
Milan is a little buffet where one may
take luncheon or tea-a unique case,
perhaps, of restaurant on the roof
of a church. 1t is a recent innova-
ton. IN the past there was only
small kiosk, where fruit and light
drinks were obtainable. Lately
more ambitious undertaking was de-
veloped. There are now all varieties
of foodstuffs. 1t is the custom of the
Milanese who cannot afford to leave
the city for their Summer vacations
to climb the Duomo for lunch and
eat in the forest of marble pinnacles
and flying buttresses. From the
height of about 800 feet one can enjoy
a view of the city, the Lombard Plain
and the Alps from Mount Viso to the
Ortler.
Evening star., 1925-09-06

About 10000, 900 miles have been
flown in regular commercial air serv-
ice throughout the world, according
to a progress report of the survey
now being made jointly by the United
States Department of Commerce and
the American Engineering Council.
This distance has been covered un-
der widely varying conditions. over
land and water, forests and noun
tains, by day and night, it was said
by Prof. Joseph w. Roe, director of
the field staff of the joint committee
on civil aviation md head of the de-
partment of industrial engineering in
New York University, by whom the
report was authorized.
This accumulated experience"
added Prof. Roe, affords data for
comparing the development and pres
ent status of civil aviation in this
country and in Europe, as to growth
and character of service, safety, reli-
ability, financial aspects, government
relations, etc.
1T also gives information on the
conditions covering air transport, air
ways and the industrial use of air
planes as in agriculture, forestry and
surveying"
Favors Federal Air Law.
providing for Government supervision
of air transport and indirect aid to
commercial aviation, not necessarily
in the form of subsidies.
The Department of Commerce and
the American Engineering Council
are making a study of civil aviation
and gathering data which will be of
value as a basis for constructive
legislation and for guiding invest
ment in this field" his report con-
tinued.
Information, supplied by foreign
attaches, aviation officers, engineers
and operators is being brought to-
gether covering all the regular air
services throughout the world. The
study deals with the commercial
operation of aircraft, as distinguished
from manufacture, and will not touch
on military or naval flying.
1.-The report will cover also the
world experience in governmental re-
lations with civil aviation. Every for
eign air line is heavily subsidized. This
does not necessarily mean that Amer
lean air lines should have subsidies.
Conditions here are more favorable
for commercial aviation than abroad,
but 1t cannot even hope to succeed
here without those indirect aids which
have been extended to land and water
transportation throughout our entire
history.
Few Realize Aid Given.
Few realize the extent of such aid,
which amounts to about 5000, 1000 900
for the current fiscal year 1885, and
covers such items as coast and hy-
geographic surveys, lighthouse serv-
ice, Weather Bureau, river and har-
Dor improvements and rural post
roads.
"The establishment of aids, such as
airways, beacons, airports, meteoro-
logical and radio services, is only ap-
plying to air transport, the policy
long followed with the older forms of
transportation, and without which
they could not operate.
"A second phase is air legislation.
We have as yet no Federal air laws
and no supervision of air transport.
Any inexperienced pilot, with any
second-h hand plane, who can induce a
passenger to go into the air with him
is free to do SO, a condition unthink-
able at sea.
There should be a Federal air law
placing air transport under such
proper Government supervision as
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Water Scarce i'm Berlin.

Berlin, modern city of science and
technique, is so poorly equipped with
water that each Summers hot spell
brings almost a water famine. Re-
Gently the Charlottenburg quarter has
suffered particularly, and visitors there
were treated to the spectacle of long
lines of servants with pals and earth
enware vessels standing In line before
the public fountains.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Is Hermine Queen?

Concerning the title of the second
wife of former Emperor William
Hohenzollern there is considerable
discussion in Germany. Princess Her
mine is said to sign hexself 'Hermine
Empress Wilhelm"-a curious anoma-
ly. But her official letters all end
with the signature "Hermine /. r."
GmperatriX regina). Republican
Germans are wondering just when a
queen empress is not a queen en-
press.
Evening star., 1925-09-06

besides being given large doses "a
hours before and supplied with candy
and oversweetened tea at wayside sta
tionS. The blood tests after the race
showed normal blood sugars in all
cases in contrast to previous results.
general physical condition and run
ming time was faster in many cases.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
Germans Read Ford.

Henry Ford's book, translated into
German. has been widely read in Ger
many and has had deep effect. Many
German industrialists are convinced
that only through the introduction of
the Ford system of specialization and
credit can German business return to
its former houriShing condition.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
None the Less Alluring.

From the Los Angeles Times.
A vacation is a good deal like a
lottery. People put a lot more into
it than they get out Of 1t.
Evening star., 1925-09-06
BY HENRY w. BUM.

. HE following is a brief sum
mary of the most important
news of the world for the
4 seven days ended Septem-
her B.
Evening star., 1925-09-06

A LMOST within the shadow of
~ the Capitol of the United
~ States there is being erected
4 4 and will soon be ready for un-
, 1925-01-01
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

Department of the Interior, U. S.
Land Office at Cheyenne, Wyoming,
December 8, 1924.
Notice is hereby given that George
J.. Wilson, of Hanna, Wyoming. who.
on February 10, 1920, made Stock
raising Homestead entry, Serial No.
020738, for All of Section ~, Town
ship 81 NJ, Range 80 W., 9Th P. Mer-
idian, has filed notice of intention to
make Three Year Final Proof. to es-
tablish claim to the land above de-
cribed, before Stella Jungquist, Clerk
of the District Court, at Rawlins,
Wyoming. on the 21st day of January
1925.
Claimant names as witnesses: Ray
Tolliver, s. E. TOlliver, both OF Raw
Inns. Wyoming. Anna Wilson, Soren
Siersen, both of Hanna, Wyoming.
MART T. CHRISTENSEN,
Register.
First publication Dec. IL, 1924.
Fifth publication January s, 1925.