davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1925-08-02
J, the public and of the magis

press, the public and of the magis-
trates.
"In London and Paris, for instance,
the fate of the man on trial hangs
on the word of the policeman. The
Judge gives him every confidence,
shows him every respect, treats him
as an impartial, honest and fearless
persohification Of the law of the land
I-practicaly consults him as to what
he thinks should be done with the
defendant in minor cases. 1 would
be willing to wager that very rarely
does q professional crook walk out of
a Paris or London courtroom with
the officer reprimanded for arresting
him. In this country the policeman is
the man on trial.
But the police" continued Judge
McAdoo warmly, must pay no atten-
ton to the fate Of the men they arrest.
They must continue to arrest men
whom they believe to be crooks. The
court may act as it sees At. But if a
man should be arrested so times a
week and released. he should be
arrested again the fifty-first time
where the belief is that he is intent
upon crime. In other words, the police
must not be discouraged"
Police Are BETTER Today.
What do you think of Sir Robert
Peacock's criticism that the American
police are too prone to grafting?" l
asked the judge.
There is some truth in it, he
| admitted, but police graft is nothing
compared to what 1t used to be. There
| was a time when, in certain districts,
| every appointment, promotion and
transfer was paid for, cash in ad-
| vance. and the man who did not pay
had to suffer-
us Maj. Sze correct when he points
to the great amount of crime com
mitted by Juveniles in this country"
I asked.
He is." Judge McAdoo replied EN-.
| phatically. II have noticed this in
most of my burglary cases. Burglars
| used to be stalwart men of middle.
age. Today they are dapper young
fellows or undersized little runts
They don't need physical strength
They arm themselves with revolvers
| and steel~their nerves with narcotics
We are breeding a generation OF
young criminals who are strangers to
love, affection. sympathy, kindness OF
| charity. They live only to crafty
their animal instincts. This is one OF
the most dangerous problems con
| fronting our country
! What do you consider to be the
| first step we can take to check
crime?" I put my last question.
| Quit selling revolvers and en-
| force the law against carrying them
as strictly as we enforce any law in
this country. There are more people
carrying pistols in this country than in
all Europe, Asia and Africa. The DO
lice are not to blame. How can they
| prevent them from being carried
when any one can buy them any
! place. / know one merchant .whC
cleaned up 100000 in three wears
selling pistols. but in making that
money he probably caused a loss OF
| twice as much to the Nation"
tCopyright 1921
Evening star., 1925-08-02

ming seemed to think that the Boy.
Scouts might do it, which just a lit
tie bit later resulted in the granting
or great financial aid to the allies, still
In the hope of keeping out of the war.
which delayed so long the draft"
Not a True Picture.
How are the French to know that
Gen. Billiard presents an utterly un-
true picture of the spirit which ami,
mated the American people when their
nation finally entered the war agains,
Germany? How can it be expected.
that they could go behind the words
of this distinguished but fault-finding'
soldier and understand for themselves
the fierce patriotism which swept the
American people and the solemn but
joyful pride with which they saw
American boys take their places on
the battle front and do their full
share in helping turn back the foe?
We must be patient with the people
of France. They are in a maze which
has been woven for them by their
own leaders. with a great deal of
help from misguided Americans.
So much for the willingness and
the intention of France to nav the
debt 1t owes America. There remains
yet the question of the ability of
France to pay. That is a story in
itself, and the telling of 1t. which i
shall attempt in my next article, calls
Tor a look at the past, look into
the future, and look at the very
amazing present. For the France of
today. In contrast with the France
we nave been hearing about for the
last six years, is a thing of amaze
ment.
tCopyright 1881
Evening star., 1925-08-02

Every day in the year, like water
pouring through a sieve, a great army
of professional crooks are run through
the police courts. They go in one door
and out the other. The police believe
these men have no more right to be
at large than the wolves up at the
Geological Garden. They know these
crooks personally-know their habits
and character-things about them
which cannot always be shown in legal
proof.
THE magistrate. on the other hand
looks at the case from a purely tech.
nical point of view and refuses to
admit very much of the officers testi.
mony."
Lack Confidence of Public.
Sir Robert Peacock. one Of Eng.
lands great police chiefs, had ex
pressed to me the opinion that the
American public lacked confidence In
its police, and l asked Judge McAdoo
II this was true.
yes. and our police are naturally
very sensitive about this. They want
the confidence and cooperation of the
public; for without it they are almost
powerless. The public looks to them
for protection. When a man loses his
pocketbook, he naturally wants to
know what the police are doing about
it. He does not understand the diff.
Guilty the police have in securing
proper treatment for criminals and
potential crooks in the courts.
II believe the newspapers are large
ly to blame for the lack of under.
standing between the police and the
public" Judge McAdoo continued
Certainly in every other country
the police have the confidence of the
Evening star., 1925-08-02

Continued from First Page)
the diplomatic details become of lesser
Importance.
In postwar history the French and
Belgian retirement from the Ruhr is
very significant date. The invasion
of the Ruhr was, after all, the last
authentic convulsion of the World
War. 1t placed every decision of the
several treaties of peace in Jeopardy
and 1t clearly reopened the possibility
that Europe would sink to inescapabIe
anarchy. Nevertheless it led not to
chaos but to a degree of order; it
made clear to all that there were
limits alike to German evasion and
the French coercion. If it stimulated
in Germany passionate bitterness and
hatred which will be long disappear
ing it no less brought everything to
a head and opened the way to an ad-
justment which could hardly have
come otherwise.
Cologne FURRY Minor.
The momentary furry over the
evacuation of the Cologne zone, which
supplied the single black spot in the
years history, has similarly proven Of
relatively minor Importance. The
allies manifestly took a false route
they undertook to continue a policy
which cannot long be continued,
namely external interference with
German national affairs even in the
vital matter of ornaments. The con.
sequence was to disclose the essential
fact that to take away few guns or
reduce the number of police was a
minor offset to ACCUSING a natlon-Mlae
Evening star., 1925-08-02

pound to 1885 cents per pound. sc.
cordlng to the percentage increase
over 90 per cent of the 1920 produc-
ton. furthermore, the tax is levied
not only on the amount exported over
the 90 per cent of 1920 production. but .,
also on the 60 per cent already ex--
ported. The planter naturally adds
the tax to the price paid by the pur-7
chaser. But the fact that this tax
must be levied against all the rubber.
he has sold prior to going above the
80 per cent mark makes him hesitate.
Tor his entire profits might be wiped
out. =
The United States is consuming
about $4,000 tons of rubber a wear. 70
The Increase in the price of rubber :
single cent therefore adds about
$S,624, 900 to Americas bill for crude
rubber. On the basis of 80 cents per q
pound the total rubber bill would be :
enormous, nearly $3.50, 100000. ;.
The Department of Commerce. :
which through it's rubber division is
making study of the commercial
side of the rubber question, has pub :.
lished comprehensive report on the.s
plantation rubber of the Middle East. f..
This report shows that the American
capital invested today in rubber plan
tations in the Middle East is almost
negligible, compared TO investments
Of British and Dutch subjects. Great :
Britain has investments totaling more
than $505 100000, and the Nether-ss
lands more than s1S0,000,000 while
the United States has some $4,000, :.
600 invested in this industry.
The British restriction on exports
of rubber from the plantations has"
been effective in raising the prices. -,
because the British really have what.
amounts to a monopoly today. If rub
ber were produced readily and in
quantity in other places, the export"
tax would have resulted in a great q
increase in the production eisewheren
and the market price would have fail
ed to increase to any such an ex-"
tent as it has. -
Evening star., 1925-08-02
BY HENRY l.. sWEINHART.
PERMANENT record of

A PERMANENT record of the
~ . engineering skill of an
~ American citizen. Henry
4 Meiggs, whose name will
always be linked with the
history of railroad building in South
America, has just been placed in the
Pan-American Union Building here.
1t Is a monumental silver and gold
trophy, handsomely wrought by the
finest artificefs, which was presented
to Mr.. Meiggs in 1871 on the compile
ton of the principal portion of one of
his great engineering feats in the
Southern continent-the Oroya Rail-
road in Peru.
This historic railroad, piercing with
y tunnels the jagged peaks of the
Andes, reaches height of 15,645 feet
above sea level, within 1876 feet of the
summit of Mont Blanc, Switzerland
1T Is known as the railway among
the Clouds and in its hazardous con-
structfon it is estimated by some au-
thorfties that the toll of lives ran as
hlen as i5,0O0, due primo ipally TO dis
eases which attacked the workers
Ihe memorial which has been add
ca 10 the exhibits previously on dis
play In the Pan-American Union
Building here, came as a gift from
MINOR Z. Keith of New York City, a
relative of Meiggs and himself a pio.
neer IN railroad building and other
commercial development in Central
America. Mr.. Keith is also a mem
per or the recently organized Pan
american Railway Commission. whose
aiin Is 70 see New York and Buenos
Aires linked by rail. ''N''
Magnificent Specimen
some idea of the splendor of the
-neiseS trophy can be gained from
the fact that 1t stands nearly three
feet in height, that it weighs *
pounds. and that the gold and silver
Dulnon alone, without any estimate
Ior workmanship, are worth many
thousands of dollars. More than two
ieet square ar the base, it rises from
lls TOUR rounded pedestals in church.
eo"er form TO the crowning figure OF
a goddess which surmounts il. The
silver shield which rests by the side
or the goddess bears in gold the sea-
OF Peru. The cornucopias. flowing
horns OF riches, and other parts of the
deslsn are FURNISHED with gold in
various shades. Around the base are
Hsures OF workmen, wrought in sill.
yer, with their picks, axes and sbov.
els The ass-inclosed trophy stands
overlooking the 30-foot relief man of
the Americas.
me manner IN which the railroad
winch Meiggs built climbs the slopes
oI the Andes Is thus described by one
traveller: The line starts from a mort
situated on the shores of the Pacific
ocean. and after running for some
kilometers through fields sown with
cotton and passing through sugar
estates, reaches one of the narrow
passes opened in the slopes of the
Cordillera by the erosion effected by
the waters of some impetuous river
While making its way to the ocean;
ana although the locomotive has only
advanced some so kilometers from
the point of starting, we find that the
line is at least 1000 meters above sea
level. Meantime the locomotive, skirt.
ing the hills. continues to creep higher
by means Of prodigious zigzags, deep
cuttings, daring viaducts and repeat
ed tunnels. There are spots, like that
Evening star., 1925-08-02
A GREAT POLICE JUDGES VIEW

Burglars used to be stall
wart men of middle age.
Today they are dapper young
fellows or undersized runts.
They don't need physical
strength. They arm them
selves with revolvers and
steel themselves with mar
cotics. We are breeding
generation Of young crimi-
mails, who are strangers to
love, affection, sympathy,
kindness or charity. They
live only to crafty their ami
NAL instincts. This is one
of the most dangerous prob
lens confronting our coun-
y."-Excerpt from inter
view with chief magistrate
of New York City.
Evening star., 1925-08-02

ca after the discovery of the Western
Hemisphere, found the natives max
ing some use of rubber, which was
made from the milky fluid in many
trees, plants and vines which grew
originally in the valley of the Amazon
River
Brazil, with hundreds of millions of
rubber trees growing wild in the val
ley of the Amazon, found itself in pos
session of a natural monopoly. 1t pro-
ceeded to make the most of this mo-
nopoly, charging exorbitant prices
for the rubber, for which the indus
trial nations bid high. But this greed
was the undoing of the Brazilian rub
Der industry. Sir Henry Wickham in
1876 collected seeds of the Para rub
ber tree in Brazil. They were germi-
mated in Kew Gardens. London, and
sent to the British colonies in the East
Indies, and from them originated the
plantation rubber industry in the Mid
die East.
Monopoly Its Own Undoing.
For many years the wild rubber of
Brazil continued in excess Of the pro-
duction of the East Indian planta-
tions.. But the restrictive measures
adopted by Brazil to force prices high
had the effect of increasing the plant
ing by British and Dutch in the East
Indies. And it appears now that the
restrictive measures adopted by the
British will bring about the plantation
of rubber trees in other parts of the
world by Americans.
The Stevenson act, under which the
production and expectation of rubber
now is curtailed in the East Indies is
based on the production for the year
1920. Only 60 per cent of the amount
of rubber produced in that year on
any plantation may now be exported
without the payment of a heavy ex.
port tax.
This tax runs from 7.s4 cents per
Evening star., 1925-08-02
BY DREW PEARSON.

BY DREW PEARSON.
TINE foreign police chiefs who
point to the United States as
the most crime-ridden coun-
Il try in the world are quite
right, according to Chief
Magistrate William McAdoo of New
York. but they should criticize not the
American police, but the difficult sys-
tenn under which our police operate
a system which makes 1t almost i'm
possible to clean up the sources of
crime.
Judge McAdoo is probably better
able to discuss police and crime prob
lens than any other man in this coun-
try. In the first place he knows the
police from the inside, having been
police commissioner of New York.
Also he knows the police problem from
the point of view of the public, hav-
ing served in the House of Represent
atives. Finally long term on the
bench, where he has had under his
supervision all of the magistrates in
New York City, has given him op-
portunity TO review the faults of both
the police and the courts.
Rendered q Real Service.
Therefore. I took to him the COM
parsons and criticisms of our police
system made by four foreign police
chiefs: Sir Robert Peacock of Man
chester, ex-Chancellor Schober of
Austria. Maj. SEE of China and Alb
dullah Bahrami of Persia.
Judge McAdoo expressed the opin-
ion that these foreign police chiefs
had done this country a real service by
comparing crime prevention in their
countries and ours, since only by such
public discussion could we compel the
American people to take seriously our
crime problem.
when you consider how crime has
increased and the number of convic-
tions has remained almost the same"
said the judge. taking sheet of
figures from his desk file, you begin
to realize what a serious problem we
face. For instance, here is New York
with 240 murders in 1918-which at
that time we thought was pretty bad.
Out of those $40 murders only 28 con-
victionS resulted. But last year we had
333 murders and secured only 27 con-
victions-one less than in 1918. That
shows there is something wrong some
place with our methods Of detecting
and Furnishing crime.
American Police Handicapped.
"Now as to these specific criticisms"
Judge McAdoo continued, after l had
called his attention TO ex-Chancellor
Schober's statement that Vienna'S
low crime record was due to its police
system of preventing crime rather
than detecting 1t afterward, 'Dr.
Schober is dead right. But the Amer
lean police, and the New York police
in particular, are working under big
Evening star., 1925-08-02
Why the U.S.Leads World in Crime

Editors Note-This Is the last of
four fnterpietDs on crime. In the
first three articles four of the
1corld's greatest police chiefs er-
pressed their Uietcs on why the
United States Leads the World In
Crime Today, Judge William
McAdoo dnstcers their criticisms
Evening star., 1925-08-02
Shipping Company Fined.

The steamship company had to pay
a fine of $1,000. take Rosetta back to
Italy and refund the cost of her
transportation. Tony continued to
sell bananas and his friend who
had paid 1897 wrote pitiful letters
TO the department in Washington,
asking them how to get his $197 back.
Il losa da mon, l losa da wife,
no get" said Tony's friend.
Under the law a steamship COM
pany which brings to this country
any alien afflicted with idiocy insan-
ity. imbecility, feeble -mindedness,
epilepsy, constitutional psychopathic
inferiority, chronic alcoholism, tuber-
CulosiS in any form, or a loathsome
or dangerous contagious disease
which might have. been detected by
She company's medical examiners at
Evening star., 1925-08-02
United States Is Trying to Escape
Clutches of British Rubber MonopoIv

CONTINUED from First Page.l
Evening star., 1925-08-02
Eleven Years After War Declaration
Finds Europe at Last Nearing Peace

Continued from First Page.)
Evening star., 1925-08-02

Continued from First Page)
Evening star., 1925-08-02

HHE following is a brief sum
mary of the most important
news of the world for the
seven days ended August /:
Great Britain.-On Wednes-
Evening star., 1925-04-21

most aristocratic? If we followed the
example set by the Queen of England
we should wear our skirts very long
and IL we followed the advice of most
OF the French dressmakers and tailors
we should wear them very short.
Just at present the question is dis
tinctly moot one. The French dress
makers have for some reason or other
a decided leaning toward the very,
very short skirt. The silhouette as II
is at present. according to their opin-
ion, demands the very short skirt.
Meantime women in Paris, whose
claim to fashion depends only on their
pursuit of smart clothes, wear them
as short as the dressmakers suggest.
while some duchesses, and other mem
bers of the old French aristocracy,
wear their skirts amazingly long.
There are actresses here who definite
ly abjure the very short skirt, while
others show precious little skirt below
the knee.
The sketch shows one of the eX-
tremely short skirts as worn at the
Paris races; it is short enough to
show the bands of butterflies embroid-
cred on the stockings just below the
knees. The frock is of beige georgette
with cream lace jabot and cuffs.
Copyright, 1925.0
Evening star., 1925-04-21

Pop and ma was waiting for Mr..
and Mrs. Hews to come and see them
last mite, pop saying, Well, its get.
ting kind of late, but / sippose its
no use hoping they've forgotten the
Engagement.
Willyum I think your terrible, but
enyway Mr.. Hews never forgets eny-
thing, he has a memory like a hawk
although Mrs. Hews is jest the other
way erround, she's always tying notts
in her hankerchiff to remind her of
things, ma sed.
before IS G.. M. midnite, that's my
modest hope but I hope it from the
bottom of my hart, pop sed.
Wich jest then the Hewses came and
them and pop and ma started to tawk
about diffrent kinds OF subjects sutch
as who was the greatest man that
ever lived and IL there's going to be
another Japaneez war. and after a
vile Mrs. Hews dropped her banker.
chiff without knowing 1t and 1 had a
ideer and snuck erround and tyed a
mott in it and after a vile she reetched
down and picked 1t up. saying, D yes,
now let me see, was 1t, wat was it?
Wat was wat? Mr.. Hews Sed, and
she sed, l tyed a mott in my banker.
chiff to remind me of something, and
bless If / can think wat 1t was, o
deer now wat could it of bin?
Well, don't worry, Mr.. Hews sed.
and she sed. cant help it, III worry
till remember, perhaps it was to re-
mind me to tern the gas off under
the hot water heeter or something. o
deer l think 1 better go home and
look erround jest to make sure.
Holey mackerel this is lest a site
Example of wat my life is like, Mr..
Hews sed. And pop and ma coaxed
her to stay but she went after about a
half hour, Mr.. Hews going with her
on account of being her husbind and
not on account of wunting to, and as
soon as pop was alone and I told him
wat l had went and did he sed 1t was
very rong of me but he couldent stop
laffing for about minnits.
Evening star., 1925-04-21
SPRINCTIME
Horse Chestnuts.
BY d. C. PEATTIE,

In the Capitol grounds, around the
White House and in all the places of
honor throughout Washington's parks
the horse chestnut is in flower. AL
thoughthere are several native horse
chestnuts with handsome roseate or
yellowish flowers, the old-fashioned
horse chestnut, which came to us from
Europe, is the only one dignified by
cultivation around Washington, and
right TO prominence is incontestable.
AS hardy as any tree ever brought
over the water, with marvellous pro-
fusion of blooms, it takes rank be-
low nothing in the way of a Towering
tree.
The horsce chestnut has a short,
sturdy trunk, with curious bark that is
cut into circular TASKS, and its branch
es have a beautiful way of dropping
and then curving up at the tips. When
in flower the splendid pyramidal shape
of the tree is apparent, aNd the whole
mass looks like a lighted Christmas
tree. In London there is a famous
avenue of horse chestnuts laid out by
Sir Christopher Wren, a mile long
When they bloom, a holiday is cele-
brated and every one goes to see
them, corresponding to the cherry
holiday of Japan.
HC IlOi sc SIiCSIhul Ii VIII Otl Tie
slopes of the mountains of northern
Greece and eastward into Asia Minor
1t first reached Europe in 1870, when
the Austrian Ambassador ut the
court of Suliman sent 1t home to the
great botanist, Clusius. A great
American botanist, Bartram of Phil
adelphia, was the first to plartt 1t in
America, in 1741.-
To smell the horse chestnut flowers
is bit of a disappointment, and to
eat the beautiful, shiny nuts is still
more so, though some animals like
them. During the Great War, or
rather just before it closed, a method
was devised in England for extract
ing from the nuts the acetone so
much needed for the big guns and
so coveted by the Germans for their
artificial rubber.
The Turks. it is said, discovered
that horse chestnuts made good
medicine for horses, and from that
circumstance came its curious name.