davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
VALLEY Men FIND
COOPERATION PAYS
Cranberry Growers Have
Followed Plan for Nearly
Twenty Years.

Wisconsin cranberry growers have
found that it pays to cooperate. For
nearly 20 years they have been doing
business at the old stand" and under
what they choose to call the Wisconsin
Valley plan. This plan, it is claimed,
was started back in 1895 with the or
ganization Of the Wood County Tele-
phone company on the plan of one
share of stock, $50, for each telephone
Installed.
Writing in a recent issue of the
wisconsin Farmer, e. A. Arpin, promi-
nently identified with Wisconsin Val
ley interests, described the early be-
ginnings and growth of cooperation in
the wisconsin cranberry country With
strong and well-organized opposition
the local telephone project had hard
struggle for existence during its first
year but every owner of a phone
s'pledged to stand by the guns The
result was that after test of offering
free phones, "the old company came to
the co-operative's terms which had full
control of the field and connected up
WlCn Tie lOLS dASldhSS System anu cOA-
iected their tolls, retaining Is per cent
for It's services. The telephone COM
pany now has $500 miles of line and
serves $500 persons. The system is
regarded a financial and community
building success"
"The cities of Grand Rapids and
Centralia up to 1900 we're rival COM
munities, but through the common in
terest benefited in the telephone con-
test, change for better feeling was
brought about and in 1900 the two
cities were united and later on the
name was changed to Wisconsin
Rapids" declares Arpin.
About 1893, the electric light plant
vas organized under the name of Twin
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Considerable Slaughter
of Beef on Many Farms

In spite Of the great concentration
Of the sfaughtering and packing Of
meat animals by commercial concerns,
there is still considerable slaughtering
on the farms. Because of the demand
for information regarding the best
methods Of killing beeves and handling
the meat, the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture has prepared
Farmers Bulletin 1415, Beef on the
Farm Slaughtering, Cutting, Curing
This bulletin, prepared by w. IL.
Black and q. w. McComas Of the
bureau of animal industry, is Illus
trated with 80 photographs, the au-
thors believing that many OF the
stages in handling carcasses can be
shown best by pictures.
In addition to the photographs, there
is considerable text material describ-
ing the various stages from the selec-
ton of cattle for slaughter up to the
shipping of farm meat in interstate
commerce. There is detailed informa-
ton on cutting up the carcasses, cur
ing beef, preparing beef products, han
ding the hide, and special section on
slaughtering calves.
Copies Of the bulletin may be had
free, as long as the supply lasts, by
addressing the Department OF Agricul-
ture, Washington, d. G.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
tuberculosis Rapidly on
Increase Among Poultry

One hog in every seven in United
States has tuberculosis. That startling
statement comes after perusal Of the
figures at the leading live stock mar
kets where hogs are inspected under
federal supervision. In 1908 only 2
per cent were infected, but by 1916
9 per cent were retained because they
showed LESSONS of tuberculosis, and in
1922 the percentage had raised to 147.
Much of this disease is traced to
farm poultry flocks. tuberculosis
among chickens is rapidly on the in
crease. Many hogs are shipped to
market from modified accredited areas,
that is, those that have been tested
and found practically free from tuber-
culosis among the cattle, and yet the
hogs would show considerable LESSONS
on slaughter Closer examination has
shown these to be Of the avian type,
that is, due to contamination from
farm poultry.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
[)(N[TRY
i HBSG go
INEXPENSIVE HOUSE
FOR POULTRY FLOCK

Proper housing is essential to win
ter egg production. Several types Of
house have given satisfaction in diff
ferent sections. The type described
in Extension Bulletin 224-A is in use
in many places and is giving good re-
suits with the farm or tOWn-lot flock.
This plan, however, is not recommend
ed for the commercial poultry plant
with several hundred birds.
Two pens are provided, each 10
feet square. A considerable improve
ment can DE made in farm poultry by
selecting yearly breeding pen of the
best, giving them range and combining
the pullets and ordinary layers by
themselves during the breeding sea-
son.
The combination type ofNroof gives
protection from storm and extremes
of temperature and is recommended
for narrow houses. Shingles are most
economical in the long run particular
~ for the eastern part of the state,
where they should be dipped in creo-
sOte tc prevent curling, and laid over
tight roof
The concrete floor is ratproof, SAN
itary and permanent. If properly con-
structed it is dry and warm. Eight
to ten inches of straw should be main
tanned on any type of floor to induce
exercise and protect the feet of the
birds from injury. Dust from dirt
floors irritates the respiratory system
of the fowl and such floors eventually
harbor disease. Intestinal troubles
result from eating grain out of the
accumulated filth.
The back wall is ceiled above the
droppings board. Drafts are the most
frequent cause of diphtheritic roup.
If the siding does not make tight
joints when laid, if it is green or if
the house is exposed to high winds,
two-ply roofing may be applied to the
back and ends of the house on the
outside.
For detailed plans send to the Ex-
tension Service, Colorado Agricul-
tural College, Fort Collins, for Exten-
sion Bulletin 224-A, Colorado Farm
Flock Poultry House."
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
When Pullets Begin to
Lay Put Them in Coon

Experienced poultrymen have found
that if pullets are allowed to remain
very long on the range after starting
to lay, the change to winter houses
is sure to check them and may cause
a fall mott. Cornell backs them in
saying that as soon as the first eggs
are found on the range, at least a
third or fourth of the best developed
birds should be placed in winter
quarters. When the remaining birds
show maturity, they should be put in
winter quarters also.
A thorough cleaning and disinfect-
ing of the houses and pens in which
the pullets are to live is advocated.
This is especially true If the birds
that formerly occupied the building
have been diseased or have had
worms.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Kill Orchard Mice
With Poisoned Bait
Outline of Effectual and In
expensive Formula.

Mice and other rodents ere begin
in the orchard. For this reason steps
should be taken by growers to pro-
tect the fruit trees, says A. Freeman
Mason, extension specialist in fruit
growing at the New Jersey College Of
Agriculture in New Brunswick.
Clearing grass and rubbish away
from the tree trunks and mounding the
trunks with earth will protect the
trees to certain extent Mechan-
ical devices such as wire netting and
tarred paper may be used, but in most
cases, poisoning will prove an effectu
al and inexpensive method Of control
ling destructive rodents.
The United States Department of
Agriculture recommends the following
formula: Mix together, dry, u ounce
of powdered strychnine and Is ounce
Of baking soda. Sift the strychnine-
soda mixture over quart of rolled
oats, stirring constantly to insure an
even distribution of the poison through
the grain. Heat the poisoned rolled
oats in an oven until thoroughly
warm. Mix parts Of melted beef fat
with / part of melted paraf1in, and
sprinkle 6 tablespoonfuls of this mix
ture over the warm, poisoned rolled
oats, mixed until the oats are evenly
coated. Allow the grain to cool and
it is ready for use.
If large quantities Of the bait are
needed, use ounce Of strychnine,
ounce of soda, quarts of rolled oats
and IL pipts of the beef-fat-paraffin
mixture. 1t is very important to have
the beef-fat-paraffin mixture hot and
the poisoned rolled oats thoroughly
warm, otherwise 1t will not be pos
sible to obtain an even coating.
Tablespoonful quantities Of the
poisoned oats should be put in con-
tainers placed in the orchard. If mice
are very abundant. container should
be used under every tree.
All poisoned bats and poison con-
tanners and utensils used in the prep
aration Of poisoned bats should be
kept plainly labeled and out of the
reach Of children, irresponsible persons
and live stock.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
To Protect Fruit Trees
From Mice and Rabbits

A good remedy to protect fruit trees
from mice is to break down mice bur-
rows, and follow that by spreading
poison bait about. Sweet potatoes,
cut into grape size, make good bait
when sprinkled with strychnia sui
plate, one ounce to one bushel Of
bait. The bait is first soaked in
tub of water, then the poison, usual
ly mixed with baking powder is
sifted over it from a salt shaker. A
few pieces Of bait are placed under
each tree In wide-necked bottles, I'M
der boards or in open tunnels so that
chickens and live stock will not come
in contact with them.
To protect trees from rabbits,
heavy galvanized wire, about one
quarter inch mesh, serves well when
put around the base Of the tree and
extending about 20 inches up from the
ground. Newspapers or corn stake
wrapped around the tree with binder
Irvine make less expensive protectors,
but should be removed early in the
spring,
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Black Walnut Is
Quite Profitable
Tree Is Worthy of Extensive
Planting in Waste Places
on Any Farm.
prepared by the United States Department
of Agricuture)

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Because of the high quality and
beauty of It's timber and its resistance
to decay, the food value and popularity
of It's nuts, and the charm of the tree
from an ornamental standpoint, the
black walnut challenges attention as
tree worthy of extensive planting in
waste places, according to Farmers
Bulletin No 1892 just published by
the United States Department OF Agri-
culture.
Detailed information is given in this
bulletin, BLACK Walnut for Timber
and Nuts" regarding planting and the
best growing conditions, and the care
Of the black walnut for most salts
factory results in growing it primarily
for either timber, nuts, or as an orna-
mental.
Trees Need More Room.
In earlier years it was deemed best
to grow the black walnut in close
plantations. AS consequence the in
crease in diameter was slow and the
ket demand in walnut lumber is for
wider rings giving an attractive grain.
That means the trees must be given
room to make more rapid growth than
when close together, and it also means
earlier and larger crops Of nuts
Black walnut grows best in fertile,
moist, well-drained soil under average
conditions Of temperature and mois-
ture and does not thrive in the ex-
IRENE North or South, nor at high
elevations, nor in arid alkaline, wet
or acid soils. It's commercial range
is given as parts of the Ohio, Mis-
sissippi, and Missouri River valleys
covering portions of the state of Penn
sylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Ken
lucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Illinois,
Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas,
Oklahoma and Arkansas.
Grow in Waste Places.
It is not recommended to grow the
black walnut as major farm crop
on extensive areas of good land, be-
cause it cannot compete in profits
with other farm crops. But it is urged
to plant this tree in those neglected
or waste areas of good soil in fence
corners, along fence rows or stream
banks, on billy or rough places, IN
ravines, and in rocky outcroppings In
fields and pastures where weeds OF
inferior species now grow. In such
places the black walnut in the regions
where it thrives should be good IN
vestment.
Copies of this bulletin may be OBJ
tanned free by writing to the Depart
ment of Agriculture, Washington, DAJ.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Oats, Richer Than Corn,
Favored for Dairy Feed

Oats will be more largely fed this
year than usual. Their abundance and
the shortage of corn will induce farm
ers to depend more than usual upon
their supply of oats to compound the
dairy ration.
Oats are richer in protein content
than corn. For this reason they make
an excellent dairy feed. Best results
are obtained when they are ground or
crushed. The bulky nature Of this
grain, together with their richer pro-
TEN content, admirably fits them for
mixing with other feeds Because of
these desirable characteristics, and the
fact that oat prices are on a lower
parity than most other grains, farmers
should not sell too closely of the grain,
especially dairymen who desire to
keep up a maximum flow of milk.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Cankerworms Quite
Injurious to Trees
During Abundance Periods
They Do Much Damage.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture)
Cankerworms have been known in
this country since colonial days, bur
not until about fifty years ago was 1t
realized that two species were present.
They have since been known as the
fall cankerworm (Alsophila pometaria
Harris) and the spring cankerworm
(Paleacrita vernata Peck. The eco
nomic and scientific history of these
two species and the differences be-
tween them, together with a discus
sion Of their feeding habits, distribu
ton, means Of dissemination, and
measures necessary to control each
species, are included in a new United
States Department of Agriculture Bull
letin 1888, "The Cankerworms, by P. A.
Porter and G. H. Alden, entomologists.
The bulletin is available, while the
supply lasts, upon application to the
United States Department Of Agricul-
ture, Washington, D. G.
Cankerworms attack eims and apple
trees by preference, but are often
found on many Of the common decidu-
GUS fruit, forest and ornamental trees.
During periods of abundance, canker-
worms do great damage, practically
defoliating the trees they attack I'M.
less controlled. They are most likely
to become abundant in neglected or
chards or in shade and forest trees.
Cankerworms are held in fiuctuating
degrees Of control by many factors,
among which are unfavorable weather,
birds, and parasitic and predacious In
sects. Flowing during the summer
and fall will aid in control of the
spring species Both species are read
lily controlled by proper spraying, and
often by the use of mechanical bar
riers to prevent the ascent Of the
moths and newly Matched larvae.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
FdrrnH.mi,t1'.

Exercise is natures preventive of di-
gestive troubles in live stock.
Careful dairymen have found that
warm and cold cream never mix satis-
factorily.
An ounce of carbon disulphide pre-
vention will save more than bushel OF
corn from weevils.
If pure bred live stock continues to
increase at the present rate, it will
be doubled in America by 1858.
With gasoline and electric power
in modern farming, the old gray mare
doesn't need to be what she used
to be.
No agricultural college has yet an
nounced whether it is worse to give
good feed to scrub cows, or to give
scrub feed to good cows.
There is difference Of opinion as to
the relative value of the common and
Grimm wheat varieties, but the Grimm
is steadily increasing in favor.
Old crank case oil from the flivver
or the tractor applied to the hogs,
either from a rubbing post covered
with oil-soaked burlap, or sprayed on,
helps to keep down lice and mango
mites.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Decided Improvement in
Grasshopper Situation

There has been decided improve
nent in the grasshopper situation in
the northwestern states, according to
the bureau OF entomology of the United
States Department of Agriculture. The
loss by grasshoppers during the past
season has been much less than that
of the years 1922 and 1928. Splendid
results have also been obtained by the
sntomologists of the Billings (Mont.)
laboratory in the control of the Nor
mon cricket with the poisoned bran
mash and by the entomologists Of the
Salt Lake City laboratory In the con-
troll of the alfalfa weeviI with arsen-
ical dust.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04

Ss....s..s.,...s. !. ~
A way to kill chicks: give them
moldy feed.
There is nothing better than range
for the development of vigorous fowls.
If you keep your fowls where they
have any difficulty in getting all the
green food of the kind they should
have during the summer, plant some
dwarf Essex rape handy for them. It
is excellent.
Don't try to choose the place for
your geese to make their nests for it
only disturbs them, if you just give
them a nice clean place with plenty
of dry bedding, they will take care Of
the nesting proposition.
Clean poultry houses are essential
ff the comfort of the fowls and their
laying capacity are to be maintained.
Pullets lay more eggs than hens
through the winter and early spring
and are in poorer physical condition
when the spring matches start.
The choice between brown and
white leghorns must be personal
one. Both are good layers, and neither
one can be said to be the best under
all conditions. They are probably
equally easy to raise.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Farm Women Like
"Chicken Parties
Perfect System Of Marketing
Dressed Poultry With
Very Little Delay.
(rrepared by the United States Department
of ARricnture

(Prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Farm women belonging to a home
demonstration club in Arson county,
N. c., with the help of the home DEM
onstration agent, according to report
received by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture have developed a
system of marketing their poultry in
an organized way, enabling them to
place their dressed chickens on sale
with the least possible delay and to
realize immediate profits.
Plan Of Organization.
The marketing was organized first
by securing list of every woman in
the county having hens for sale and
the number available. Next a meet
ing was held in each community rep
resented on the list, at which the mem
bers interested were instructed in
dressing, packing, making out bills,
and other selling details. Each COM
munity was given a special time for
it's shipment to W6desboro, the cOun-
ty market. Wednesday of each week
was SET dSluOs dS uTcSSlIS udy dAO
Thursday as packing day." The
hens were ! brought to central
point, usually club members house
or the schoolhouse, and everybody
helped with the work of killing, pick
ing, and, after the hens had been
cooled overnight, packing in barrels.
If, as frequently happened, the extern
sion agent received kilograms calling
for an Increased number of chickens,
the local leader in some community
farther down the schedule was notified
to have her club members get their
supply ready.
People Enjoy Themselves.
People had a good time at these
community "hen parties" The hus-
bands and often the whole family
came and helped. The value of re-
ceiving check for all ones poultry
at one time was greatly appreciated.
Orders from individual housewives
and from grocery stores, hotels, and
tea rooms were also filled by parcel
post. Through selling dressed chick
ems, orders were also secured for 9TH
er products, including turkeys, fig pre-
serves, pickles, and butter.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Handle Bees Carefully
To Prevent Excitement

In handling bees wait until the day
warns up, then handle them carefully
so that they will not be disturbed
any more than necessary. 1t is not
good for bees to be disturbed very
much, as unnecessary handling will
cause excessive activity. This activity
may cause the queen to lay more eggs
than the hive can properly take care
of, which is not advisable. points out
E. S. Provost, extension bee special
list at Clemson college.
When you are going through your
hive and find a queenless colony 1t
is best to unite them with colony
that has a queen.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Cutting Cordwood Will
Serve Two Big Purpose

Many farmers have begun cutting
cordwood. 1t is entirely possible to
so conduct this operation that the
yield is not lessened, while the re-
naming stand is left in better condi
ton than it ordinarily is, says H. HI.
-ryon, forestry specialist at Clemson
college.
Many farm woodlots will show a
high percentage of suppressed, over
topped and generally crowded and
backward trees. Such stock should be
removed for the good Of the forest.
Cordwood cutting furnishes a good
outlet for this stock. even though only
a few cords for domestic consumption
are used.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Dairymen Are Careless
in Cooling Products

This is the season of the year when
milk and cream producers become
careless in the cooling of their product
after milking or separation. The cool
nights lead one to believe that nature
will take care of the cooling opera
ton. Milk and cream, however, cool
very slowly in air or in water when
not stirred. The center of the can
remains warm for a number of hours,
allowing opportunity for rapid bac-
terial development. The result is milk
sours quickly and cream is second
grade when delivered to the creamery.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
Protection Needed for
All Young Fruit Trees

The rabbit guards for young fruit
trees should extend from the ground
to height of IA inches. Guards of
building paper or cornstalks may be
tied on and are efficient for one year.
Experience at the Kansas experiment
station has shown that wire cloth, one
fourth or one-half inch mesh, makes
the best rabbit guard and is permanent
as long as the tree needs protection.
The wire cloth is cut into pieces 10
by Ia inches and is fastened with hog
rings. A four-foot high rabbit-proof
fence is the best protection against
jack rabbits.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-12-04
BENEFITS From Fairs

Some farmers brought home blue rib
hons and prize money from the fairs.
Others brought home experience. Both
are valuable. Either will help to i'm
nrove next years exhibits, and the
chances are that the one who brought
home the most experience will be the
winner.