davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-01-06

of bills Of first-class Importance
bills upon which the best depart
mental and drafting skill had been
lavished-as first introduced with the
draft Of the bills when they leave
the house of commons to see the
work of an opposition. In the pres
ent session the indemnity bill was so
knocked about in fair debate that at
one stage we had to suspend further
discussion in order that the bill as it
then stood might be printed anew. SO
that we might know what we were
doing AS regards the housing and
rent bills, although much altered by
the criticisms Of the opposition,
amendments were rejected because
the government stood upon its amour
propre, with the result that loosely
Worded clauses were kept in and will
now have to be interpreted in the
courts.
opposition the WatchdOR.
Inc accuracy and the fullness of
legislation depend as much on a criti-
cal opposition as upon the responsible
government Nor is that a complete
statement of the case. It is the oppo-
sition which makes the business of
the house of commons. The rovern-
ment produces the cbief b,,Is ~
session ana casts them on certain
hnes' put 1t is the opposition that
examines them, that puts the fail of
criticism on them. 1t is the opposi-
ton that has to keep an eve upon
supply votes and. as a Watchdog. to.
be as responsible for what is beine
done as the government itself, though
its responsibility is limited to that of
criticism and inquiry.
But, above all, it is the opposit,on
that guards the liberty Of parliament
against Its natural enemy, the execu-
tive. 1t IS in the nature Of tho ex.
ecutive TO become a directory and to
reduce the authority of parliament: II
is in the nature OF the opposition to
maintain the supremacy of the bousa
Of commons.
Thus, In addition to the other func-
tions OF an opposition, it provides a
training in the work sof government
because 1t can do it's duty only when
it's members are masters of narlia
mentary procedure and are familiar
with all the processes of legislation
and administration. In a sentence
neither the conditions under which
representative and constitutional de-
mocracy can exist nor those under
which parliamentary institutions
work can be provided unless there
il q recognized official opposition an
well as responsible government.
Copyright 1881
Evening star., 1924-01-06
Business Raises Voice Against
Compensation Insurance Plan

and the payment OF compensation
hut all without any check upon de-
cisions and actions, except as men
toned in point 4 below.
-. This commission reviews its
own decisions, with right of appeal
to courts only on matters of law.
IS. Employers are forced 20 take
government insurance. In the event
they should not do SO, they cannot
avail themselves OF the following
eommon-law defenses. namely. the
fellow servant rule, the defense OF
assumption of risk or the defense of
contributory negligence.
"6. The treasurer of the United
States is charged with the RESPONSE
ing all funds. which, in the opinion
Of the commission, are not needed
for current requirements"
President Barnes argues that "the
enactment of these principles would
definitely commit the federal gov
ernment to a policy of encroachment
upon matters properly within the
scope of private business endeavor."
He advises the organization member
ship that the national chamber "is
ment interference In business" and
that on three different occasions Its
membership has gone on record to
this effect.
In explaining the views of the
national chamber that this question,
although the bill directly affects only
the District of Columbia, Is mot
local. but applies to the whole coun-
try. President Barnes says:
Those favoring state insurance as
against insurance as q private busi-
ness INSTRUMENTATION stock or mu-
tual-or self-insurance, are concen-
trating their efforts on the passage
OF this bill in the District with the
thought that IL passed by the United
States government for the District OF
Columbia it can be used With author
ity as model for legislation IN the
several states.
THE national chamber, in oppos-
ing the bill, Is not opposing work
mems compensation insurance, but
submits that government monopoly Of
the type provided in the pending.
measure may only be justified by
proof that insurance has failed un
der private direction to fulfill its
function, and no snch proof has been
submitted. Furthermore, We see no
object in the use of federal govern
ment funds to install the government
in the insurance business"
Evening star., 1924-01-06
Political Clashes Aid Public.
Says }. Ramsay Macdonald
Continued from First Page.)

Continued from First Page.)
must be considered in relation to the
well-being of the mass of the people.
From the political clash of these
two opposing views we are to have
a. legislative and administrative re-
sultant which will carry us over our
difficulties to better social state
But IL the public are to have conf
dence in that method of settlement
the clash must be in the open; the
best that can be said on both sides
must be said in the ears of the world
and not around a private conference
board and behind curtains: the cleo
tors must not be presented with the
results arrived at, but must see and
hear the argument.
Not only is the best possible de-
pendent on the prevailing view hav-
i1K to stand the test of public discus
sion; not only is the truth invigorated
and promoted by being hammered and
fashioned by the blows of rival cham
pions, but If the political methods are
to be accepted in preference to others
which promise speedier results and
more drastic effects, the country must
be convinced that there is no humbug
about it and must see the conflict
IN full operation, so that it itself is
In position to pronounce a verdict.
AS regards the working Of the par
liamentary machine itself, one has
to come to the same conclusion-that
a strong opposition is as essential as
a strong government. Governments
have to be watched by men who will
excuse nothing and condone nothing.
Bills and proposals have to be scru-
tinized by hostile eyes searching for
failure to embody purposes and for
looseness in expressing intention.
Lapses in rectitudes, like the putting
of ministers by their own depart
ments, have to be challenged by
parliamentary section whose business
1t is to let nothing of doubtful
nature pass.
This can never be done by men
whose fortunes are in the keeping of
government whips and whose actions
produced friction between themselves
and the political organizations in
which their Political fate reposes.
One has to regret that the compare
lively recent doctrine that the gov
ernment must always win on a divi-
sion and that 1t must lose in prestige
IL it listens to criticism is limiting
far too much the usefulness OF oppo-
sition, and hope that one of the very
first changes made in parliamentary
practice by a labor government will
be a return to the freer methods
which once were pursued.
One has only to compare the clauses
Evening star., 1924-01-06
BY HERBERT COREY.


The most extraordinary thing about
Wilbur J. Carr is that he thinks he
has been lucky. This theme having
been established. the story promptly
veers to a large city in Europe. The
period was about the time that Carr
entered the consular service. as ste
nographer, in order that he might
remain on pleasant terms with his
landlady while he studied law at
night.
A newly appointed consul entered
the office Of which he was to be the
chief in the large city in Europe. He
found a nice looking elderly lady
and a somewhat rummy clerk await
ing him. The consul, they said, was
out.
when will he be back?"
Appointees' Patience wanes.
VERY soon." said the elderly lady
and the rummy clerk, in concert.
I'll wait" said the new consul.
He waited all that day. The next
day. He waited that week. They
used to hand him the morning paper
and pull his chair around in front of
the window and act as though he
were a favorite son. But they did
not produce the consul. At last he
showed his commission, along with
, slight streak of impatience. The
nice looking elderly lady staggered
out of the room. her handkerchief to
clerk saw that the Jig was up. He
grinned
Now" said the new consul, pro
duce the consul, so that l can take
over. Where is he?"
Hes tied to his chair" said the
clerk. Upstairs. He's been nutty
for three years"
This perfectly true story illustrates
the sort of consular service we
once had, and suggests the reason
why Wilbur J. Carr has been trying
to improve it ever since 1898. which
Is only thirty years, and why there
is a reasonable probability that the
Rogers bill Will be enacted at this
winters session OF Congress. The
Rogers bill proposes something of a
dovetailing of the diplomatic and con-
sular services. 1t promises a suffi
Client reward to keep the efficient men
In the consular service and sets up a
stan dard that Will weed the ineffi-
cient men ont of the diplomatic corps
1t has been in one form and another
before Congress for twenty-eight
years During that time hundreds OF
hearings have been held by commit
tees on one aspect or another of 1t.
No Action Taken I'm Senate.
Last year the House was so con-
vinced that it was worthy of passage
that less than thirty votes were reg
istered In the negative against the
strength of the company in the
affirmative.
The Senate seems to have been
equally convinced, but 1t did not vote
on the bill, thanks to one of the
Senate's own rules. 1t was brought
up for passage three times. but each
time an objection was registered. to
its consideration, and it went over.
The objection was not to the blk but
to its consideration at these particu-
lar times. Consequently it was
caughthin the end of the session
pressure and not considered again
But there is every reason to be-
lieve that it will be made law this
year. Which diverts the thread OF
this story back to Wilbur J.. Carr. di1
rector of the consular service.
He is a husky. square shouldered,
blue-eyed. warm handed person of a
peculiarly placid disposition When
he came on from Hillsboro. Ohio
where he had broken the local steno-
Evening star., 1924-01-06

n n EMBERS Of the Senate and
M House District committees
are receiving many letters
from business organizations
and individual business men all over
the country who are affiliated with
the Chamber Of Commerce of the
United States protesting against the
"monopolistic" workmen's compensa-
tion insurance. legislation fathered
by Senator Jones of Washington and
Representative Roy G. Fitzgerald of
Ohio. They are also having referred
to them letters which are being re-
ceived daily by other members of Con-
gress attacking this proposed legis-
lation, which was defeated in the
Sixty-seventh Congress, after having
delayed for months action on other
important District measures, and
which has been reintroduced with q
few changes
A circular letter sent out by Julius
H. Barnes, president Of the Chamber
Of Commerce Of the United States, to
organization members suggesting that
they individually make known their
position to members of Congress as
opposed to such legislation and as
favoring Tess government in busi-
ness" is quoted In a number Of pro-
tests. criticizing features of the
Jon es- Fitzgerald bill as follows: !.
"l. A monopolistic insurance fund
SUPERVISED by federal agency, the
United States employees compensation
commission, and .initially financed by
a federal government appropriation.
BY "monopolistic" we mean that pri-
vate insurance companies are abso-
Iutely debarred from any participa-
ton in this business. The bill apples
to the protection of employees IN pri-
vate business concerns In the DIS
trict, not In any way to public en-
ployes. ;.
"2. The freedom of contract Is
taken from employees in the District
of Columbia, as far as IT relates 70
insurance. All forms of workmen' $
compensation insurance excepting the
monopolistic state fund are exclufed
including self-insurers and mutual
-,
as. The commission, under this bill.
determines tho rate and amount OF
premiums, takes care OF the collection
! Of premiums and decides. the amount
Evening star., 1924-01-06
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

The Mexican government requested our gov
ernment to sell it certain war material, to
include small arms rifles and ammunition.
artillery with ammunition therefor, airplanes
and two cruisers. "In view of the Importance
of maintenance Of stability and orderly
stitutional procedure in the neighboring
public
Our government assented, in part, and has
already sold to the Obregon government five
thousand Enfield rifles, with five million rounds
of ammunition therefor, and eight airplanes.
AS all this material is surplus, presumably the
planes are obsolescent ones of which we
well rid, but which may serve Obregon's turn.
ending their brief careers with q crowded
hour or two of more less glorious life. Our
government will not sell cruisers for two rea-
sons:
One, that have no cruisers to spare, the
other that such sale would be a violation of
the Washington conference naval treaty. The
Secretary of War, announcing the sale, re-
marks .
'The articles do not cover the entire list
requested, but the Mexican government finds
they will answer its present requirements"
Obviously government would limit Its
sales to minimum requirements. According
to the general Interpretation, the action of
government in this matter is based upon
the principle" that political questions arts-
ing in this hemisphere should be decided by
the ballot and not by the bullet, and the further
principle that it Is our business to see that
decisions are SO effected. The second of these
Evening star., 1924-01-06

(supposed) principles" is widely challenged.
and the governments present action has
started Logomachy in this country, COM
pared with which the Mexican hostilities seem
tame. On January g. resolution was offered
IL the House. whereof the following is the
most important paragraph:
Any sale of any war equipment of any
by the United States any department
thereof, to any foreign power to any in
dividual individuals without proper guar
antees that such supplies are not to be trans
ferred to any foreign power, is hereby pro-
hibited."
1t is. 1 believe. in view of our administra-
ton that sales of limited quantities of surplus
war material to recognized Latin American
governments for the suppression of insurrec
ton are in quite different category from
those sales to foreign powers which Pres
fdent Harding forbade in his famous letter,
the object in allowing sale in the one case
being the same as the object in forbidding
bloodshed.
Sir Auckland Geddes, having resigned his
because of eye trouble, caused by gassing in
the war, Sir Esme William Howard has been
appointed to succeed him.
Sir Esme belongs to the regular British
tinguished career therein. Since 1919 he has
been ambassador at Madrid. He served with
conspicuous galIantry in the South African
war He is a member of a junior branch of
and his wife's connections are no less
Patrician. President Coolidge has written let
ters to Julius H. Barnes, president of the
Chamber of Commerce of the United States,
ican Federation of Labor asking the CO.
operation of the organization headed by them
toward finding employment for rehabilitated
war victims. There are still about 10000 in
Bureau. about 5000 being graduated" weekly
as ready for work.
Evening star., 1924-01-06

graphic records. to study law in
In the condition illustrated by the in
troductory story. No particular eff
cheney was demanded of a consul. He
had been given his place through po-
litical pull, and whenever he differed
with the State Department he only
had to appeal to his senator and the
state Department was put in its place
The tales of consular yagaries would
fill volumes. One man found a fairly
competent clerk and went home and
stayed there. Others were grafters,
d"unkards and plain thieves. Few
were really first-rate officials. Trav-
cling Americans used to. turn purple
when they told about them.
As stenographer In the consular bu-
reau at Washington. Carr got ac-
quainted with a man named Francois
Jones, who had been in the service in
coilection of stories about consuls
They came as shock to the young
man from Hillsboro, and he dug
around in the archives for further in
formation. Plenty OF information was
on tap.
Jones-Cnrr Consular Plan.
Eventually he and Jones worked out
plan for the Improvement of the
service. Boiled down, it provided for
appointment and promotion on merit
only. with political influence ruled
out. That plan was promulgated in
executive order by President Cleve-
land. Before putting IT out, however
Evening star., 1924-01-06
Jones-Carr Consular Plan,
The Story the Week Has Told

though one could wish the judicial murders had
been omitted. The colonel having perforated,
the liberal republican deputies fell to wrang-
ling over the speakership, and the business
quickly got so hot that, to avoid bloody
sconces adjournment taken to the 5th,
when Fenizeios would be on hand to exercise a
refrfgerating influence Nenzelos arrived in
Athens the 4th
Evening star., 1924-01-06
BY HENRY ". BUM.

T HE following is a brief summary of the
most important news Of the world
for the seven days ended January S:
Evening star., 1924-01-06
KADIUM.


Radium deposits were discovered in Ferghana
some ten years ago, and some of the
sent to Petrograd before the for lab
oratory experiment, its composition being diff
ferent from that of any radioactive ore
previously known. method OF isolatng the
radum discovered in 1917 but owing to
the war, exploitation of the deposits was not
resumed until recently.
It appears that the deposits are more
extensive than any previously known, and
richer In radium content. This is good news.
the therapeutic use of radium has been mar
-fowly restricted because Of the extreme
meagerness Of the supply and the terrific cost.
The worlds present supply of radium Is
only about eight ounces. of which the United
States possesses about three, Britain somewhat
more.
There Is not enough radiun on hand in the
world to treat one cancer case in twenty. About
three and one-half ounces has been produced
in the United States mostly in Colorado, but
the Colorado industry knocked in the
head by the discovery in the Belgian Congo
of richer ores. 1t Is said that under institu-
tional conditions of, use radtum reduces itself
by half through radiation, in 1900
Evening star., 1924-01-06
RUSSIA.

4 new communstic institution called ''Octo-
irritation" tafter the October revolution) has
been devised to replace baptism. The ceremony
was performed for the first time on December
Is, last; kalinin, himself president of the
soviet republic, participating as "goodfather"
scene; communist hall of meeting filled with
100 per cent reds A chairman In place of priest.
The infant is placed the platform in a red
cradle, guard Of honor of children disposed
around it. name is voted and formally an
nounced and an orchestra plays the .'Interna-
tional.'
Little Vladimir is now Octoberized Speeches
follow and thereafter, a mon sacred concert.
A decree has been issued forbidding teach
ing of any sort except in communist schools.
A new statute for the governance of communist
schools forbids punishment of any sort. The
anti-religious celebrations Of Christmas week
officially reported to have been a great
success. The Russian nation has been standing
on it's head a long time, but the posture is Of
fcially declared to be agreeable.
Evening star., 1924-01-06

The new Italian fascist militia has shown
great gallantry in the recent fighting against
the rebellious tribes in Tripoli.
On December 81, the grant (under pressure)
by the italian chamber. to Premier Mussolini
Of full financial and bureaucratic powers
lapsed, and by the same token constitutional
government was restored in full.
The military situation in Mexico continues
obscure. The wheat production of the world.
exclusive of the United States, averaged in
1923 about per cent above that of 1922, while
that of the United States fell of per cent.
One hears of 1928 bumper crops of rye, barley
and oats all over the planet.
The 1929 wheat crops of French Morocco,
Algeria and Tunis, were double those of 1922.
BY mixing little rye or potato -four with
wheat flour. France can do without importing
wheat from outside her empire until the next
harvest, - i. --<s. sss4- z
Evening star., 1924-01-06
PERSIA.

The Persian government has granted to the
Sinclair Oil Corporation the exclusive right of
oil exploitation in four of the five provinces
of northern Persia for fifty years, on condi
tions which include an American (prvate)
loan Of S10000000 to be negotiated by the
Sinclair people. The concession requires rati-
fcaton by the Persian parliament. which. how
ever, II regarded as certain. Thus ends long
struggle in which the protagonists were the
Anglo-Persian Oil Company, the Sinclair Com
pany and the Standard of New Jersey. The
Anglo-Persian Oil Company is the oil conces-
sionnaire for the southern provinces of Persia.
An American. DR.. Millspaugh. Is admins,
another American. R. A. Phlpot, has been
chosen to head the government Bank of Per-
sia. The Persian fsc is doing nicely under
DIR. Millspaugh's direction. The budget ball
, 1924-09-25

year and fall and winter ranges are
generally dry according to the month
ly livestock and range report issued
by the U. S. Division OF Crop and
Livestock Estimates.
RANG E s. The continued dry
weather resulted in the further dry
ing of the ranges and pastures over
most of the state. with prospects Of
short fall and winter range on the
desert ranges along the Union Pa
cifc, the east central part of the
state is very dry with some shortage
of water. The ranges in the Big
Horn. Basin and North Central Dis
trict are above normal with a good
crop of grass we'll cured. High
ranges have held up we'll and are
in much better condition than the
low ranges. The crop of grass and
forage was generally good due to
an abundance of moisture during
last fall and winter and early this
spring. The grass has cured In ex-
| cellent shape, with fall and winter
range outlook Is fair to good. The
condition of the ranges is IS per cen
compared with 81 last month and
1O4 percent n year ago.
HAY: The states hay crop prom
ises to be about 100000 tons shor'
of last year. but in the Big Horl
Basin and North Central District tn
crop will be larger than in 1928. Thu
shorter crop however will be offse'
by the excellent quality Of hay which
has been harvested under idea
weather conditions, while last veal
there was much damage from rain
In that part of the state south o
Yellowstone Park and west OF Medi
cine Bow the short crop in some sec
lions is offsett by a large carry ovel
from the 1923 crop. Generally thu
supply will carry the stock excep
possibly in the less favored sections
of southern and east central dis
tricts. In the eastern third OF thu
state the crop of corn and other feet
will be shorter than in 1923. TIL
hay crop is forecasted at ~1,55O,OO'
tons compared with ~1.756,OOO ton
last year and the 1922 crop OF 1861,
900 tons. The 1924 crop is made III
of 100000 tons OF tame hay ant
$4,000 tons of wild.
CATTLE: Wyoming cattle are IL
[ very good condition and have so IA
| have not shown a decline correspond
| ing to that of the ranges, due to I'M
| holding on higher and better teeu
, 1924-09-25

DR.. Kell, chairman OF the Repub-
lican County Central Committee gave
a short talk on the purpose Of the
club and outlined the work which
the members will be called upon to do
before the national election in No
vember. /. w. Dinsmore, Secretary
of the Central Committee. also gave
a short talk which was very inter-
estlng and instructive. The business
meeting lasted about an hour and
the club members danced until about
1880.
From time to time this club will
have similar meetings. The first
meeting was held some few weeks
ago and officers were elected. At
both meetings the members express
ed themselves as having had a very
enjoyable time and are looking for
ward to the meetings which will be
held in the near future.