davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times., 1924-07-10
If Decree Is Limited, Com
pany Injunction Case viii
Be Relatively Unimportant
-LeSh Files Motion in
Federal Court,
COMMERCE COMMITTEE
ASSURES COOPERATION
Newspapers Commended for
Stand Taken in Fighting
Rate Increase Put Into
Effect by Indiana Bell
Branch Considers Action.

An injunction suit to restrain col.
lection of increased telephone rates
may be filed by the Indianapolis
Chamber Of Commerce. Directors at
a special meeting this afternoon ap-
proved a report of the subcommittee
of the public service committee. con-
tanning recommendations that Off
GERS of the chamber be authorized TO
file such a suit if they believed it
necessary in the interests of the pub
lie.
The subcommittee, composed OF
Henry L. Ditbmer. president OF the
chamber; o. D. Haskett and John
B. Reynolds. general secretary. re-
ported as to results OF the confer
ence with the commission Tuesday.
The Indianapolis times., 1924-07-10
Home Edition

TOR complete and accurate
l. sport news read The Times
Pink after the ball game.
The Indianapolis times., 1924-07-10
DeGrief Out of City

The office of F. J. DeGrief
general superintendent Of the Nickle
Plate, reported him out of the city
but an employe said the warnings
of Coroner Paul f. Robinson and
Rikhoff that arrests will be made if
municiple code are not protected
are receiving attention.
I'VE are not lodging anything, "
the employe said. However, there
was no announcement that flagmen
had been stationed.
The Indianapolis times., 1924-07-10
Cost Is $4,000, 900

1t said that unofficial figures Of
the commission indicated that the
Indiana Bell Telephone Company
will derive about $2.OOO,O 900 ad
ditional revenue annually from In
dianapohs by reason of the sub
stitution Of measured service for fat
rate service under the new rate
schedule
Attempts to obtain a modification
of the injunction decree in the tele-
phone rate case, under which the
present increased rates were put In
effect by the Company. will
be the first step taken by
the State in the proceedings be-
fore Judge George T. Page Of the
United States Circuit Court Of Ap-
peals in Federal Court Friday
This statement was made by Ed
ward NJ. White. assistant attorney
general of Indiana. today. If the
decree is modified in accordance with
motion filed some time ago by L. S.
Lesh, attorney general of Indiana,
then hearing of the injunction suit
filed by the company Wednesday will
become relatively unimportant.
The Indianapolis times., 1924-07-10
Gates Recommended

Sumner said he would recommend
that the Big Four, Monon and
NIckls Plate be required to install
u tower and gates at the New York
st. crossing because a dangerous
curve prevents view of approach.
ing trains, even for the present flag
man.
Several persons have been killed
or injured at this point. A pedestrian
met death May II when struck there
by a Big Four train.
The Indianapolis times., 1924-07-10
Forecast

ENERALLY fair tonight
VI and Friday. Slight increase
in temperature is anticipated
for Friday.
Evening star., 1924-12-14
Great Railroad Financier Discusses Plan
To Save American Agriculture From Ruin

bill and was reported out of the Sem
ate Committee on Agriculture and
Forestry unanimously only rev
hours before the last session OF Con-
gress adjourned prior to the meeting
of the national political conventions.
No more thoroughly non-partisan
piece of legislation was ever present.
ed to the United States Congress. It's
authorship was non-partisan, consist
ing of Senator Charles Curtis of Kan
sas, successor of the late Senator
Henry Cabot Lodge as the Republican
leader Of the Senate. and Represent
ative James b. Aswell Of Louisiana.
the ranking Democratic member OF
the House Committee on Agriculture
The Curtis-Aswell bill deals with
the actual conditions in the Ameri-
can agricultural industry and pre-
sents no theories. 1t takes note OF
the salient fact that in our farming
industry there is no economic or COM
mercial organization as there is in
every other great industry. and ac-
cordingly provides a way to remedy
this fatal deficiency.
Too Much for Distribution.
It's joint authors studied with me-
ticulous care every detail of the ex-
listing deplorable condition. When
greatest weakness is that at present
the consumer of farm products has
to pay twice as much chargeable
against the cost of distribution as he
pays to the farmer for his necessary
foodstuffs, they realized keenly and
Immediately that the factor of dis
tribution and not of production was
the one of the greatest Importance
to legislate upon.
Consequently they drew a bill
whose chief purpose is to authorize a
closely knit economic and commercial
organization Of American farmers to
be formed under a Federal charter
and to function as a national organi-
zation without any interference from
the Government or any of its agen-
cies. In other words, they perceived
that the pressing necessity was for a
national marketing system to be off,
cered. managed and controlled by the
farmers themselves. just as the United
Steel Corporation. the American Sugar
Co, etc, are Differed, managed and
controlled by men who have learned
the respective Industries with which
they are connected through long
practical experience.
Until this is done under the au-
thoriZation of Congress our agri-
cultural industry will continue to
gravitate toward bankruptcy. 1t Is
perilously near that abyss now.
Hence no time should be lost through
Investigating committees or querulous
debates in Congress. The condition
Of the patient is known, the seat of
the disease is located and nothing re-
mains for the attending physicians
to do but apply the necessary remedy.
We hear a surfeit of talk about
Continued on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1924-12-14

to talk to large assemblies Of farmers.
At one place l was told that from the
courthouse steps Of the county seat
in which / happened to be stopping
there recently had been $40 farm fore
closure sales. ] also was told that In
the execution of the foreclosure sales
not only the farmers involved lost
their lands and homes but in many
cases chattel mortgages on their
furniture and household effects had
, been sold at the same time. Every
thing was taken from them when
their homes were sold; then the keys
were turned locking them out, fore
ing the women to leave stopped in
sorrow, with their children going
they knew not where. The children
were not allowed to take their toys
or other playthings. AN were turned
out upon the world penniless and hope
less.
1t goes without saying that when
men and women lose their homes
they go out into the world embitter-
ed. Deep into their souls there sinks
the conviction that there is some
thing wrong in a governmental sys-
tenn which fails to throw better pro-
lection around them in their "pur-
suit of happiness"
The total farm wealth of the coun-
try is placed by the statisticians at
5000, 100000 At a recent nation
al convention of the Farmers Grange,
held in Atlantic City, Mr.. Tabor. head
of that great farm organization, stat
ed that against this total farm wealth
there is now a mortgage Indebtedness
of $4,000 900, 900. The total mort
gage Indebtedness reported In the
census taken in 1920 was only $4,000
100000. Thus. IL Mr.. Tabor's figures
are reliable, it is shown that within
the last five years the mortgage in
debtedness piled up on the farmers
of the United States has grown $10.-
00O. 100000, or at the rate of $4,000,
600, 900 a year. This ruinous process
will continue and perhaps at an arith-
metic ratio until the cause Is re-
moved. And the Congress of the
United States is the sole abiding place
of the power to remove the cause.
President Knows Facts.
Happily for the country and it's
perpetuity President Coolidge seems
thoroughly familiar with the cause
and is determined to stimulate Con-
gress speedily to exercise its power
of removal Although he has ap
point select commission to study
the grave situation from all its an.
giles and report it's findings with all
possible haste it is known that Mr..
Coolidge favors application of the
one remedy which the best students
of the subject are agreed is the sur
est, safest and speediest. This rem
edy is to be found in a measure now
upon the Senate calendar awaiting
the immediate attention Of the law
| makers whose tenures closes March
t.
1t is known as the Curtis-Aswell
Evening star., 1924-12-14

fully as any one else what America
has done for the world spiritually as
well as materially. World leadership
has gravitated to us, whether we
want to accept this responsibility or
not, because OF our free and progress
sive institutions. Our forefathers
founded a government based upon
what was then a startling declara-
tion of principles, the chief of which
was that "all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their Gre
ator with certain inalienable rights,
that among these are life, liberty and
the pursuit Of happiness"
Upon this basic declaration the
Government was founded and was
unique among the governments of
the world at it's birth, because 1t
pledged a rule under which equal
justice was to be extended to all,
with special privileges to none.
Calls Farmer Oppressed.
But the American farmer today is
not enjoying the blessings of equal
justice to all" Through sheer neg
lect by the Federal Government he is
actually being oppressed. = He is be-
ing driven into bankruptcy. He is
losing his property, his home, his
family ties. He is being forced to
abandon an industry he knows how
to conduct and driven into the crowd
ed centers through the dire necessity
of earning a livelihood for himself
and those of his family who still are
of too tender age to shift for them
selves.
Senator William +. Borah, among
the comparatively few members of
Congress who apparently have given
this subject close study, recently
pointed out that
Homes are being deserted. Thou
sands of farmers are passing into
bankruptcy. Men and women who
have been reared on farms, who have
given their youth and mature years
to farm life, and now, at a time when
little fitted to cope with new situa-
ton, are crowding to the overpopu-
lated centers, where men end women
hive and where ignorance and want
foster and spread"
Representative James Z. Aswell of
Louisiana, ranking Democratic mem
Der of the House Committee on Agri-
culture, not long ago gave utterance
to this serious statement:
THE distressed farmer is not alone
in his anxiety over the deplorable
situation confronting him. Business
is beginning to feel the pang of agri-
cultural bankruptcy. Delay is unfor-
tunate and dangerous"
The Department of Agriculture at
Washington estimates that the mini
mum number OF farmers who have
been driven out of business since the
census of 1920 was taken is 100000.
$50 Foreclosures.
A few weeks ago l embraced an op-
portunity to visit the great agricul-
tural belt of states in the northwest
Evening star., 1924-12-14

Nnf bassador, arrived in Paris
" " to assume his diplomatic
duties, the Bolsheviks OF
France showed their claws.
premier Herriot promptly clipped
them.
But whether this statesman protect
ing the destinies of France. sufficient
ly crimped the plans of the Commu-
nlsts TO prevent general revolt is a
moot question among his people.
The more liberal elements Of the
nation, embracing the extreme wings
OF the Socialist and CommunistIc par
ties, have cried out against Herriot
indicating that they have been hurt.
Ihe natfonalistic parties, those COM
mltted TO the strongest sort of safe
guards for the protection of French
liberties as at present constituted, are
assalling the premier for weakness in
the crisis declared to have appeared
simultaneously with Krassin.
TWO conclusions must be drawn:
First, the Communists actually are
striving to achieve their ends in
bringing the French government in
atune with the insidious gospels of
MOSCOW and make of 1t a vassal to
the reactionary regime In Moscow.
Secondly, the Communist danger,
though existing at the moment. is
Herriot In order to weaken his grip
upon the government and hasten the
DAY or his overthrow in order that a
new government, more in tune with
the doctrines of Poincare, NAV be
seated. 1t is charged that the Ma
tionalists are looking to BRAND in
case Herriot is overthrown, the for
mer premier controlling hundred
parliamentary votes, and these, with
Pntnnara
conpllsh the purposes set forth.
Danger is Minimized.
The French government has been
attempting to minimize the serious
ness OF the Communist upheaval
which has been marked by outbreaks
In many of the smaller industrial
centers OF France, declaring it of no
serious moment However, it is no.
ticeable that the government acted
expeditiously when the moment ap-
parently had arrived to dampen the
ardor OF the Reds. Through an eIab-
crate secret service system, which
permeates every walk of French life.
the government unqueStionably was
aware of the danger beforehand and
IN consequence bided it's time until
the proper moment.
But the nationalistic elements see
In Herriots general stand in regard
10 the Communists one analogous to
that of Kerensky of Russia, who tenn
porized with the disciples of Lenin
and Trotsky when they first showed
their heads, only to be forced to sur.
render his government to the Com.
munists at later period. 1t ALWAYS
has been the contention of world
students that had Kerensky actet
expeditiously and with the force ht
was capable of had he had stronge,
heart he could have saved Russia
from the hideous things that have han.
pened to the once great empire. The
Nationalists of France express their
fear that Herriot of today is anothe,
kerensky, and that even though more
than hundred foreigners have been
cast out of France as undesira bles
there are thousands still working
through the reaches of the land anC
all for the common goal-a revolu-
tion by force in the hope of seizine
the reins of government
Evening star., 1924-12-14
SEES ERA OF CHEAP LIVING
GONE NEVER TO REAPPEAR
Jackson johnson, Head of Big Shoe
Manufacturing Firm, Makes Predic-
ton of Continued High Prices.

sell his crops for a little more than
nothing. At no time in the history of
the world were people so easily fed,
clothed and sheltered as during the
free land days.
To-day that same land is worth
from 5000 to $500 an acre, and a
farmer must sell high to pay the in
terest on his investment. Moreover.
we are now confronted with the law
of diminishing returns which means
that increased fertilizer and labor
spent upon the land does not yield in
proportion to the increased expendi-
ture. Our soils have become poorer
our timber inferior and remote from
markets, and our mines have become
deeper. Consequently their products
are more expensive.
ITO ILLUSTRATES: Our cattle decreased
in number by 1873 per cent between
1910-1914. Yet during those four
years their value increased 422 per
cent. No wonder you pay more for
meat and 1 pay more for shoe
leather"
Jackson Johnson paused, this time
to rest. He had been talking rap
idly, and I had chance to ask:
Says Wages Will Rise.
4 What will happen to wages?"
( They will go up, too. They have
been going up for about 1000 years.
Which means that our standard of
living has been going up steadily for
about the same length of time l
consider it my duty as an employer
to raise wages. 1t is the right Of
labor, not to have it's initiative
crushed, but to be paid more and
more"
What will happen to this country
if wages go I'M and farm nrioaC ,1.o
go up?"
Nothing" replied the big manu-
faeturer. "It is perfectly healthy
and normal condition, provided the
two move in parallel lines. They
haven't in the past, and that's what's
the matter with the farmer Prices
of food Jagged, while wages went up
The American public is the great
est consuming public in the world.
That is because our wages are high
We make easily and spend easily.
Which is a healthy condition. and
should remain if we keep on raising
wages.
But we can reduce prices by econ
omies along certain lines. For in
stance, the cost of distribution In this
country is terrible. Higher than in
any European country"
DO you refer to jobbers and whole
sale houses?" asked.
No; 80 per cent of the jobbers
have been eliminated from the shoe
business in the last few years. I
refer to the retailers. There are too
many of them. 1t is a known fact
that they are not making money.
They handle goods in too small quen-
titles Here again we can learn
something from Europe, where the
contact between factory and Gus
toner is almost direct"
Does the tariff add much to the
cost of living?" asked, expecting a
defense of the Fordney- -McCumber
bill
What OF the Taring
I'VE don't need a tariff in this
country" came Jackson Johnson's
surprising answer, except on certain
special goods. There isn't a cent of
tariff on shoes, and I went to Wash
ington to oppose one. We can pro-
duce shoes cheaper than England,
despite the fact that we pay twice
the wages"
What Is the secret"'
THE secret, II you want to call it
that, Is bulk production. That's where
the English fall down."
Copyright, 1oc4.}
Evening star., 1924-12-14

Many dried up their cows. with the -.
suit that when the strikes were oyer
they could not again stimulate produc-
tlon during the current season
Inc strikes threw thousands of men
out employment. causing them TO go
IN debt or draw upon such savings
as they had accumulated. 1t was al
pure waste.
Peaks OF Milk Production.
The waste of seasonal work also
figures in. There are certain periods
When the flow of milk is at its peak.
Ihen the condenseries are working not
only 1ull time, but much overtime
Inc hll1ng departments are crowded
10 capacity, trying to keep the product
packed and the storage tanks emptied
In turn. The work continues feverfsh
~ 1or two or three months, and then
rapidly slackens. until here and there
name is missing from the paw roll
and eventually the rolls are cut 10
hardly more than a maintenance game
rake the waste of poor transporta-
tlon facilities and terminals
company may put out many brands
OF milk of the same standard, but under
different labels. This often means costly
express shipments of labels from fac
tory to factory when brands are sud
denly changed. Various standards are
produced also. Sometimes a plant re.
ceiving rich milk will be told to manu-
facture lowfat milk. requiring TIL,
separation of some of the milk ami
disposal of the cream. Others receiyr
ing a leaner milk will be required II
manufacture condensed milk, rich ii
cream, and will be forced to buy cream,
Oftentimes, skim milk by the thous
sands of pounds, will be run into tht
sewer because of no provision for us
ing it.
Perhaps the condensed milk Industry
has Jagged behind others in the devel-
opment Of efficiency, but it illustrates
what Mr.. Hoover points out as the
greatest problem ahead of the Nation
the elimination of waste.
Has a Definite Plan.
definite plan has been prepared by
the Department of Commerce to follow
in the great fight for efficiency. Much
has been accomplished. The report on
unemployment and business cycle,
put a sudden end to a dangerous boom,
which threatened overproduction In 1928.
The results Of this report led to the
monthly issuance of Survey of Cur
rent Business" which embraces 400
different items.
committee sought to develop some
method of eliminating seasonal employ
ment. 1t directed its efforts toward
two great ndustries-constructio and
mining. 1t was conclusively shown that
construction work could go on all year
round and that the old method of work
ing during the open seasons was a
matter of habit and not matter of
necessity. This great business, which
involves $4,000, 0oO, 900 annually, is now
on a year-round basis. Through CO.
operation of industrial. public utility
and other consumers, the Summer stor-
age of bituminous coal was stimulated
with the result that the miners were
kept busy almost the entire year.
This efficiency brought about a saw
ing OF $1,000, 900, 900 during the past
year, as compared to 1920, In the price
paid for the coal consumed
Evening star., 1924-12-14
BY DREW PEARSON.

IN RICES are going up. They
~ have been going up ever since
history began, and we might
as we'll reconcile ourselves to
the fact that the era Of cheap living
in the United States Is gone forever y
That prediction came from Jackson
Johnson, head of the largest shoe
manufacturing corporation in the
world. . sounds dolorous set down
on paper. But to this great shoe
maker it represented the inevitable
movement along the line of American
business triumph. 1t is nothing to
cry over.
The prediction did not emanate
from the ponderous depths of Jack
son Johnson like a bolt from the
blue, as my opening paragraph might
indicate. Rather it came out during
the course of a long conversation,
prompted by the question: will
American industry continue to move
westward?"
An Industrial Rebel.
Jackson Johnson was the first
Industrial rebel to divorce shoe manu-
featuring from New England. And
when l checked over his list of SO
shoe factories and tanneries, / found
% located in Missouri, 10 in Illinois
and / in Kentucky. Evidently West
ern industry paid.
IT moved shoes West" rumbIed
Jackson Johnson, ''to get nearer the
markets. I could save over so cents
pair on freight alone. l could put
shoes in the hands of a Chicago GUS
toner in a day, where it took four
days from New England.
New England's shoe industry has
moved West. Some think her cotton
mills will move South. They think
New England doomed. But cheer
up. Her factories will swing over to
specialized lines, and our presidential
elections Will continue to be decided
in the Eastern half of the country.
The West can never surpass the East
in industry"
"Why not?" I asked
Movement West Over.
Because of markets. Markets
brought shoes to the Middle Wese.
and if markets continued moving
west, shoes would follow The pop
ulation center of the United States
has now moved as far west as Bloom
field, Ind, but 1T won't move much
further"
why not?" I asked again. /,
Because" doomed Jackson john
son, land west of the Mississippi
will not support a dense population.
The good land is gone. A lot of land
has been occupied that never should
have been. AS result there has been
an exodus from farm to city That ex-
odus will continue until an equili-
brium is reached.
Farming, like a lot of other indus
tries lately, has been over-developed.
I don't believe there will be any big
increase in farm acreage for a long
time to come, and in addition many
farms must. be abandoned. The fewer
the farmers, the higher the prices.
Farm prices must go up"
Jackson Johnson leaned forward,
cleared his throat, and did all the
little things a great actor does in
building up his biggest climax
Prices of everything must go up
and stay up. The era of cheap living
in the United States is gone forever.
No More Free Land.
"Why?" he continued. Because free
land is gone. Free land was the one
thing which made living cheap When
settler could stake out claim of
$50 acres of rich prairie soil for prac-
tically nothing, he could also afford to