davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-02-10

snow and ice skids, with q weather
observer, that will be made from
Fairbanks, Alaska, to Nome some
weeks before the arrival of the RAM
apo. This flight, across the unin-
habited center of Alaska, will serve
to demonstrate the, practicability of
plane operations in the far north.
The crew of this plane, upon arrival
at Nome, will make preparations for
the reception of the Shenandoah, in
Guiding the erection of a mooring
mast for the airship at Nome. This
mast will be brought by ship to
Nome as soon as the sea clears Of ice,
probably some time in the latter part
Of May.
The airship itself will have in
itself safeguards that no airship has
over had before. In the first place
it will be inflated with the non-in-
flammable and non-explosive helium,
instead of hydrogen, which has been
used in all airships of the rigid type
before the Shenandoah. By thus
eliminating the fire hazard, the
greatest bogey of airships has been
removed, and confidence is instilled
in the crew that is we'll founded,
when the excellent performance Of
the helium-inf1ated Shenandoah since
her first flight in September, 1923, is
taken into consideration.
|. The fact that cooling and heating
necessitates a release of some Of the
gas in the airship has been men,
toned While the flights through
the Arctic itself will be made IN con-
tinual daylight. the flights up and
back to the home station at Lake.
hurst, N. j., will be made under, the
usual conditions, and under ordi-
nary circumstances would mean a
loss of helium. In order to counter
act this and give to the airship the
greatest Of all safeguards. a long
operating range, a system has been
devised that will literally take bal
last for the ship out of the air. and
thus provide added weight to meet
the added lightness that the warmth
: Of the sun brings to the airshin
Evening star., 1924-02-10
Speed Of Pianist's Hands.
WHILE well known pianist wa.

WHILE we'll known pianist was
playing a presto by Mendelssohn,
4 man in the audience, in a scientific
spirit, set himself to counting the
notes and the time consumed. The
pianist played 5,5s5 notes in four min
utes and three seconds.
Now. every one Of these notes in
volved certain movements Of finger
at least two-and many of them in
volved an additional movement lat
orally as>we1l as those up and down.
They also involved repeated move
ments Of the wrists, elbows, alto
gether probably not less than one
movement for each note; therefore,
there were three distinct movements
for each note. =
As there were twenty-four notes a
second and each Of these notes In
rolved three distinct movements. that
amounted to seventy two movements
in each second Of time.
Moreover, each Of these notes was
determined by the will to a chosen
place, with a certain force at a GER
tain time and with q certain duration.
Therefore, there were four distinct
qualities in each OF the seventy-two
movements In each second. o.. T..
Such were the transmissions out
ward. And all those were conditional
on consciousness OF the position of
each hand and each finger before 1t
was moved. and. while moving it, the
sound Of each note and the force of
each touch.
Consequently. there were three con-
scious sensations for each note. There
were seventy-two transmissions a
second. IA. to and from. and those
with constant change OF quality.
Every second there were not fewer
than 200 transmissions Of nerve force
to and from the brain outward and
downward
Evening star., 1924-02-10

that has ever been built. 1t is Amer
lean. designed and American built,
modelled on German Zeppelin lines.
but constructed 10 per cent stronger
than any airship previously built and
with factor of safety of two
throughout. In other words, she
is. 100 per cent stronger in every
part than is absolutely necessary.
The mooring device on her bow
represents the strongest device of
its kind ever placed on an airship.
Before the storm of January 16, at
Lakehurst, n. j., the highest wind
that an airship at mast has ever
ridden out was fifty-five miles an
hour. During the storm at Lakehurst
the Shenandoah stuck to her mast
until the wind reached velocity
of sixty-eight miles an hour, and
then was wrenched off by the force
Of the gale. If this had happened
to any airship other than the Shenan-
doah she would bave been in a criti-
cal position, but the American-built
Shenandoah, with hole in her bow
and two of her twenty heIium cells
Debated. roe out the storm and re-
turned to her hangar with no further
damage, and every man Of the twenty
one on board safe and sound.
Aerial navigation in the handbook
ed Arctic ocean presents no greater
problems than a similar flight over
the Caribbean sea, with tho advan-
tages of continual, daylight and the
fact that the flight will be made
over ice, upon which landing could
be made, instead Of water
Should the fuel Of the Shenandoah
become exhausted the ship would
still be able to keep to the air for
days or even weeks. With land on
every side it would not be very
long time before. the Shenandoah, If
without fuel, would find, herself over
Inhabited territory.
On board the, Shenandoah will be
carried food for her crew sufficient
to last a month, SO that whatever
unforeseen eventuality might come up,
the airship and her crew would be
Evening star., 1924-02-10

the Arctic coming In regularly, the
would be filled, and a very decided
Improvement in the accuracy Of wea-
ther forecasting very probably would
result.
Other questions of scientific inter-
est will be investigated by the
air explorers, such as the paths of
ocean currents in the Arctic, vegeta-
tion and animal life, II any, that ex-
1t is quite probable that such life
may exist in considerable profusion in
this territory.
The idea, common to us all, that
the Arctic Is q region of intense cold
and continual storms, is not based
on fact. 1t has been pointed out
that existing records show that high
winds are the exception In the far
north during the summer. and that
gales are conspicuous by their alb
sence. Moderate temperatures as
we'll. able to support animal life, are
the rule in the Arctic during a great
portion of the year. ---
1t has been estimated that the
average summer temperature at the
pole itself is well above freezing.
North Alaska has a most inviting
summer climate, with even an oc-
casional hot speel, when coats are
shed and fans are in order.
X X X X
CPITZBERGEN, on the other side
~ of the pole, is as far north as
a great portion Of the territory to
be explored by the Navy, and sup
ports life In abundance, human as
we'll as animal and vegetable. In
fact, the calculations Of weather ex-
perts show that the coolest place
on earth, even in winter time, is not
in the arctic, but in northern ST.
IBERIA, where man has lived for GEN.
turies.
With this indication Of the ques-
tions that await solution through the
efforts OF the Navy In sending some
of her aircraft into the heart Of the
Arctic. the value of the expedition is
apparent. It does not require a very
great imagination to place the Navy's
expedition as the legitimate success
sor of the many efforts made in the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
to find the northwest passage" The
same spirit will stand by the pilot OF
the Shenandoah when she points her
nose into the unknown regions of the
north, seeking not only new lands,
but also shorter and quicker pas
sage for the aircraft Of commerce
that bid fair to fill the skies of the
future.
The expedition will be conducted as
a carefully planned operation Of Navy
aircraft and personnel. Every pos
sibIe precaution that experienced air.
craft experts and veteran Arctic ex-
plorers can suggest, will be taken
Probably the greatest safeguard IL
Evening star., 1924-02-10
of airship operations in the Arctic dur

of airship operations in the Arctic dur
Ing the summer.
The presence Of continual sunlight
has another important bearing on air.
ship operations. An airship flying DUR
ing alternate daylight and darkness is
under the necessity Of releasing a GER
tain amount of the initiating gas
(helium in the case of the Shenandoah)
to counteract the effect on the gas of
the alternate darkness and sunlight.
The heat Of the sun on the airship ex-
pands the gas, making an airship
lighter. During the cool hours Of the
night the gas contracts, and the ship
looses the added lightness accumulated
during the day. -..-
This varying gas pressure means
that in order to maintain the proper
equilibrium in the. air, the gas must
be released when the pressure during
the day gets too high. and ballast
must be thrown overheard when the
pressure gets too low during the night.
The continual daylight Of the Arctic
obviates the necessity for this loss of
gas, and also results in greater
cruising range for the airship, due to
the preservation, to great extent.
Of the original bouyancy OF the air
ship.
x x * X .,-.-. ..-.
THE possibility Of air routes over
the Arctic brings up the third
purpose. OF the expedition. The fore
casting of weather in the United
States. already perfected by the
United States weather bureau to the
point where its predictions are over
80 per cent accurate, is handicap
ped by the absence Of any knowledge
Of the weather conditions in the ex-
treme north. The Arctic regions are
rightly considered the starting point
for many Of the weather notifications
that affect the United States and
Canada.
Should commercial air routes follow
the Nays pioneer fight, information
as to weather conditions in the Arc
tic would be available and would go
long way toward solving the ques-
tions arising out of weather changes
that come from this region
1t Is the intention Of the Navy's
expedition, through the work of the
crews Of the Shenandoah, the planes
and the tender ships, to lay the foun-
dation for this by accommodating as
much data on weather conditions as
possible. .-... -.
The prevailing wind directions dur
ing certain periods. the temperature
variations and extremes and the diff
ferent barometric :pressures recorded
are some Of the phases Of questions
that would be solved by regular
weather reports.
These data, II obtained regularly
would correspond to the information
that now comes in by radio reports
from ships at sea. with data from
Evening star., 1924-02-10

Advantage has been taken of the
fact that water, in the form of steam.
is present in the exhaust gases that
pass through the exhaustS of the en-
gines Of the airshir. This water is
not from the engine itself. but is
from the air, The system of water
recovery" as it is called. will be in
stalled on the engines of the Shenan-
doah, and will condense an amount
of water out of the exhaust gases
that equals in weight the fuel con-
sumed. The loss of weight through
fuel consumption in the past has
been source of the loss of much
helium, as the buoyancy, of the light
ened airship could only be kept con-
slant by the discharge Of some of the
helium. This the water-recovery sys-
tenn prevents, as we'll as providing
added ballast to counteract the added
buoyancy obtained through expansion
Of the helium.
X \ x x
THE Shenandoah will be equipped
for this flight with a powerful
radio sending and receiving set, with
an operating range of about 1000
miles, enabling her to keep In touch
with the outside world at all times,
as well as in constant communication
with the two tender ships.
The possession Of this radio equip
ment will enable the Shenandoah to
receive radio compass bearings from
stations bordering on the Arctic and
will make the work of navigating
her much easier.
Weather information may be sent
to her while she, Is in the <air by
means of radio, enabling her to avoid
storms coming up through the Arctic
from regions covered by the reports.
This linking Of aircraft and radio.
two of the newest scientific develop
ments, in an expedition to solve the
age-old mysteries Of the Arctic is
one of the most interesting features
Of the. entire project.
The Shenandoah, the star of the
sxpedition. 10 the strongest airship
Evening star., 1924-02-10
OF the NavNs fi81c a1fs}iP At t1te wheel
OF The e,lf.sh1p.

the conversion of the two Navy fuel
oil ships into airship tenders. fitted
with mooring masts, for the use of
the Shenandoah. s-
These ships, the Ramapo and Pa
toka, will be sent, the Ramapo to
Nome, Alaska, and Patoka to Spitz-
bergen. With bases at these places,
the vessels will push on to the edge
of the Arctic ice fields as soon as the
water is clear, and will act as adj
vanced and mobile bases for the air.
ship, to which she can. go if neces-
sary, and will be able to furnish her
with q resting place, in the form of
the mooring mast on board, and will
have, in addition, repair facilities and
ample supplies for the use of the ex-
petition as whole.
The three planes carried by each Of
these vessels will make observation
flights into the Unknown region, with
out attempting to cross 1t, as that will
be left for the Shenandoah to do.
These planes will be able to get in
formation concerning weather condi-
tions and the character of the sur
face over which the airship will fly
that will be invaluable to her and
will be an item of added safety to her
In her flights.
The operations of these planes,
flying over the unexplored regions
between Alaska and the pole and
in the territory directly north Of
Spitzbergen, are in themselves under
takings Of great Importance in the
work Of unfolding the secrets Of the
Arctic, and would attract worldwide
attention If 1t were not for the larger
fields Of exploration to be covered by
the flight of the Shenandoah across
the top Of the world. The planes
will be fitted for landing on water,
ice or snow.
X + =
THE preliminary work for the ex-
i pedition to be done ION the scene"
In Alaska will consist not only of
the arrival OF the Ramapo at Nome
before the Shenandoah. but also OF
q flight OF one land plane. fitted with
Evening star., 1924-02-10
ircra and Radio Linked Proposed Flight Across Top Of World

Six Planes and
Two Water Graft
to Assist and to
Perform Services
Which in Them
selves Would Be
| m portan mt to
W orld if They
We're Not to Be
Overshadowed by
the Dirigible. |
May Find Signs of
Oil or Minerals.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
HOKUM IS BANNED
 IN MOVIE INDUSTRY Ban Is Also Placed On Sugar ,. Coated Drama ,.

HOLLYWOOD, Cal, Feb. 24.- Hokum, backbone of the motion pie ture producers for many years, has been banned. .. Sugar-coated drama in the movies must go, if the screen is to progress and increase in popularity with the Ameri- can public. -N'
 Wishy-washy stories that attain nothing more than a mediocre degree of dramatic appeal are greater ob- stacle in the path of the cinema than any other single feature. Near drama, with "sure fire" situa- tions, will no longer be tolerated by movie patrons. ... .g. :, 4a A display of courage on the part of producers in presenting real drama on the screens of the world is highly es- sential now.
 These are the contentious of Marshall Neilan, director and producer, who di- rected Mary Pickford's Dorothy Yer non of Haddon Hal"
 'It is true that censors have cast a shadow in the path of producers and scared many of them to point where they dare not attempt anything beyond stories that have about the same dramatic strength as a Mother Goose rhyme" Neilan said. 5-. na
 .Their. fear, like all fear, is some what exaggerated, however, with the result that few producers consider It safe to even approach the bars of cen sorship restrictions as concerns genuine dramatic depths"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
EDITORS, TO RETURN
 T TO v. s. WITH FLEET
Visit To Porto Rico By Pub fishers Completed .

? SAN JUAN, P. R., Feb. 4.-The American editors and publishers, who have been visiting Porto Rico motored 40 miles this evening to Fajardo,. to board the destroyers to return them to the fleet, which will said tomorrow on manuevers. Admiral Coontz accom- panied them and he expects the fleet will reach New York early in March. ' At luncheon this afternoon, the in sular officials spoke If the endeavors and accomplishments of the government and its activities in the development of health, education and agriculture and the administration of justice.
 Admiral Coontz and Frank B. Moves, president of the Associated Press, spoke briefly, expressing their thanks for the hospitality extended to the American visitors. MT. Moves, speaking simply as private citizen," urged the people of the island not to gain the impression of congressional indifference if the ef- forts of the Porto Rican legislative commissoin, now n Washington, were not immediately successful. .,, "In Washington, the capital of the nation" he said, i've have been trying for 125 years to obtain the franchise, and are still without it."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
REALIZE PLIGHT. 4
 SAYS M'DOWELL
Slayer Of Parents And Sisters
 Talks To Reporters

CLEARWATER, Fla, Feb. 24.- Frank Mcdowell, young murderer of his two sisters and his parents, appeared bright and cheerful this afternoon when visited by newspaper men in the PineI- las county jail. ,,-
 You know I am getting back to my self and am beginning to realize what pickle I am in," McDowell re- marked to his visitors. .4.
 Mcdowell had covered four sheets of note paper with scraps of writing and said he had been trying to find ways to piece them together to make sense, but had been unable to do 50. His theme is still that he has tried to lead perfect life, but has found it impos- sible owing to obstacles which must be washed away ''in the blood of the lamb"
 '''I know this is ali very foolish" Me DowelI declarde, but it is important that get it connected up so people can understand that l did not premedi- tate the killings 1 have done" -'r,-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
MAJORITY FAVORS '' t BOX PEACE PLAN
Referendum Shows 475,406 For
 And 69,372 Against

NEW YORK, Feb. 24-(United News)-The latest tabulations in the nationwide referendum on the winning Box peace plan show a vote of 475,- 406 for the plan and 69,372 against, according to q statement issued by the American peace award Sunday night.
 Many cooperating organizations, the committee reports, are now urging their members to speed up the work of gather ing votes iu time to complete the, poll on schedule. t.. q,
 The federal council of churches of Christ in America, it was said, had wired all of it's 215 federations to re- double their efforts, and many others have sent out similar requests.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
ORANGE SHOW IS WRECKED BY STORM
$2O0,000 Damage Caused Al
 San BernardinO, Cal.


 SAN BERNARDINO, Cal, Feb. 24. A terrific wind and sand storm, which has been sweeping southern California for the past AS hours, Sunday struck the, National Orange show here, seri- .ously injuring two men and causing damage estimated at more than $2O0,- 900. One of the huge canvas exhibition tents vas demolished by the wind. Telephone and telegraph poles were blown down by the gale, which heaped all valley boulevards with sand, making them impossible. Transportation of all kinds was halted in the storm area. Hundreds of motorists were marooned by sand dunes that sprang up in their path.
 The orange show was closed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
PLANs FORSLEAGUE

DUQUoIN. H., Feb. 24.-Plans for the formation of a "hard-roads league' were discussed here today by repre- sentatives of baseball clubs from the principal cities Of southern Illinois, Centralia, Cairo. Duquoin and Mur- physboro, H., and Paducah. Ky, were represented at the preliminary discus- sions, which grew out of the action e Cairo and Pudacah in breaking away eRQm the old Kitty league. 'a'
 M was said today that the league would favor everyday baseball, with Q salary limit of s1,S00 month, aud plans were advanced for the reduction of expense of trips by organizing auto
 Representatives returned to their homes today to discuss the proposed league with local clubs. A nl1 .ting is to be held in the near future 70 take definite action, 1t was announced.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
SHOOT IT.OUT, OR QUIT FORGE
 POLICE ORDER

KANSAS CITY, Mo-, Feb. 24.- Shoot it out with the bandits, or turn in your star"
 This was the crisp order of John E.. Wilson, Kansas City's new police commissioner. who is determined to halt the numerous pay roll robberies and hold-ups' in the city. Wilson doesn't want men on the force who allow bandits to disarm them.
 The ultimatum followed the resig- nation of Patrolman Clifford Gile, who was stripped of his revolver and ''blaek jack" when he came to the rescue of pedestrian being held up by gang of five thugs. 4
 "A patrolman who loses his gun :. to bandits is no longer of use on this force," declared Wilson.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
BREAKS SKI RECORD

1RONWOOD, Mlch.,. Feb. .24.-Two worlds records were broken here Sun day afternoon in the annual ski tourna- John stulich, Ironwood, leaped 1ss feet and stood. a@i
 The mark was one foot more than the record for artificial slides made here last year by Walter Brattlund, also of 1ronwood. Waino Maxi, Ishpeming; Jacob Randa and Leo Anderson, Iron- wood, and Roy Forsberg, Ishpeming, all broke the worlds record in the boys class. Maki's best leap was 153 feet.
 berg, 1923 amateur champion, leaped 1e2 feet, but fell. Matt Heikkenen, Ishpening,e leapel, 1s5 feet and fell. William BrandAs' of Ironwood won the long standing, jump with 179 feet.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
EMPLOYMENT
AGENTp WANTED

BE YOUR OWN BOSS-Seii apron dresses direct from factory: complete outfit. in- cluding dress, s1; particulars free. Paris Garment Co.,, 395e Lincoln Ave-. Chicago.
 RATESMAN ,CANTEn - nj
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
STOCK BROKER ARRESTED Henry Fra Of Nashville Charged With
 '. Grand Larceny

NASHVILLE, Tenn, Fcb. 24.-Hen- ry s. Fra, stock broker, who filed voluntary petition in bankruptcy hero on February 13 listing liabilities of .ap- proximately $3l6.000, with assets of approximately $94000, was arrested here tonight on two war ants, charg- ing fraudulent breach of trust and grand larceny. soaoa-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
JOHN J.

MOBILE, Ala, Fsb,s'- 24,-John J. Russell, 66, member of thc lower house oe the Alabama general assembly for the past two years died here. today. He was also a leader in union labor ranks of the state. : s,s
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
MERCHANDISE
ARrICLEe FOR SALE

OvERSTOCkED-Too many high grade
 suits and overcoats; closing them out at $24.s0. Wonderful values. sLinx, lHl1 lst Ave
 REFkIGEkATORS-C stock fos
 grocers, markets. restAurants, institu- tipns. florists and rcsidences: also Hobart electric mills. Call CT write McCary Re. frtgerator Co, 2014 9th Ave. Main s0sA.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25
AUCTION SALES
ALABAMA LAND

ALADAMAI IIdIND
 760 acres. in fee. no liens. level to gently rolling. rich with gold. silver, lead, pyrites. ochre. mica, whetstone and covered with long-leaf yellow pine, millions of feet: mile from rail- road at Erwin, near Talladega When gold mill burned it was recording S1.75 to yard; S0-yard mill averaging $40 day with 320 expense. It is owned by aged person who desires cash. I sell 1t at auction at Talladega court house March 8. 2 p. m. Thos. w. Millican, Auctioneer, Gen. Mgr. Tennessee Ala bama Auction Co, Leba- non. Tenn: Albertville. Ala: Taila- dega. Ala,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-25

HIGH GLASS sALEsMAN-Wanfed. to
 sell made- to-measure shirts. underwear, paJsmas. etc. in the south; must be of good character and appearance and able to give personal bond or other security in order to make collections; must be experi- enced in furnishings. clothing or custom shirts. I can furnish several hundred names of former customers in Alabama. Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North and South Carolina. Please do not reply un- less you know the line and know how you can succeed in 1t. Harry B. Gale, Shtrtmaker. 377 Main St., Buffalo,, N. Y.