Evening star., 1924-10-02
LEAGUE PEACE AND ARBITRATION,
PROTOCOL TERMS MADE PUBLIC
Resort to Var Made More Difficult by Processes OF
appeals to Council and World Court-U.S S.
Might Be Affected

y
Article XI of the covenant, also If 1t
has violated provisional measures en-
joined by the council for the PERIOD
while the proceedings are in prog
ress. as contemplated in Article VII OF
the protocol.
Apart from the cases dealt with
above, if the council does not at once
succeed in determining the aggressor,
it shall be bound to enjoin upon the
belligerents an armistice and shall fix
the terms, acting, If need be, by two
thirds majority. and shall supervise
the execution. Any belligerent.
which has refusdd to accept the
| armistice, or has violated it's terms
shall be deemed an aggressor. The
council shall call upon signatory
states to apply forthwith against the
aggressor the sanctions provided by
Article XI of the present protocol, and
any signatory state thus called upon
shall thereupon be entitled to exer-
&, else the rights Of a belligerent."
Article XI on sanctions declares
that as soon as the council has called
upon the signatory states to apply
sanctions. the obligations of the
| states in regard to the sanctions OF
all kinds mentioned in Article XVI
| of the covenant, will Immediately be-
come operative for employment. The
article continues:
Loyal CO-operntion Required.
Those obligations shall be inter-
preted obliging each of the sigma
| tory states to cooperate Loyalty ana
effectively to support the covenant OF
| the League of Nations. and, in resist
ance to any act of aggression, In
| degree according to it's geographical
| position and its particular situation,
| as regards armaments. In accordance
with Paragraph Ill., Article XVI Of
| the covenant, the signatory states
| agree jointly and severely to the un-
| dertaking to come to the assistance
| of the state attacked or threatened
| and to give each other mutual sup
| port by means of the facilities or
| reciprocal exchanges as regards pro-
| vision of raw materials and supplies
of every kind, openings of credits,
transport and transit. and for this
purpose to take all measures in their
power to preserve the safety of COM
| munication by land and sea of the
| attacked or threatened state. If both
| parties to the dispute are aggressive
within the meaning of Article y, eco
nomic and financial sanctions shall
| be applied to both of them.
! Article XIII calls upon the states
to inform the council what military
| and naval air forces they would be
| able to bring into action Immediately
for fultillment of the obligations or
| the covenant and protocol. ThiS ar
| ticle also authorizes the operation OF
! special regional military agreements,
| thereby meeting the F'rench oeslre
| for security, provided the agreements
| are registered and published and are
| open to the adherence of all the MEM
| Der states.
Affects Nom VI ember~.
Article XVI, which possesses i'm
| portance to non-members of the
| league. says: The signatory states
agree that in the event of dispute
between one or more of them and one
| or more states which have not signed
| the protocol and are not members or
| the League of Nations. such non-mem-
Der states shall be invited. on condi-
| tions contemplated in article XVII or
| the covenant, to submit for the pur-
| pose of pacific settlement to the obli-
| cations accepted by states which are
| signatories to the present protocol.
| If the state so invited, having refused
| to accept said conditions and obliga-
| tionS resorts to war againtS a sigma
! tory state. provisions of article XVI
! of the covenant defined by the
| present protocol shall be applicable
| against il"
! The concluding articles provided for
| the reduction of armaments at Ge-
neva, June Is, 1925, with all the coun-
| tries invited, and to ask the council
| to draw up a definite program for the
same. If by May the protocol has
not been ratified by a majority of the
permanent members of the council
and 10 other league members the
| council shall decide whether to cancel
the invitation or adjourn the confer
ence.
| If sufficiently ratified the protocol
| will enter into force as soon as the
! plan for reduction of armaments has
| been adopted by the council. If the
| plan is not carried out the council
| may declare the protocol null and
| void, but the grounds on which the
| council can so make this declaration
| must be laid down by the conference
| itself.