The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-11-01

by the social-political Importance Of
the peasantry); the organization of
credits for agricultural improvements,
combating usury and land specula-
ton; the organization of agronomic
aid to the peasantry by means Of suit
able schools, etc.
8. Proletarian naturalization Of
the banks. Delivery Of all gold re-
serves, etc, into the hands of the pro-
letarian state. Security of the inter-
ests of small depositors, Capitalization
of the banks, subordination of all
large banking concerns to the Central
State Bank of the republic.
4. Naturalization and municipal
cation Of wholesale trade.
5. Annulment of national debts.
6. Monopoly of foreign trade.
Z. Monopoly of the most important
printing establishments and news
papers.
In the execution of these measures,
the following principles must be OBJ
served:
Naturalization should as a rule not
include small and medium enterprises
The chief reason for this is that the
proletariat which has just seized
power has not the required number
Of organizing forces at its disposal,
especially during the first days Of the
dictatorship, to enable it not only to
destroy the old order. but to bring
about union of the small and
medium units of production.
The second reason is that the prole-
tariat should not provoke antagonism
in the intermediate groups. The vic
torious proletariat must find the right
course of action to be adopted to-
wards these spheres of production
which can be subjected to centralized
and systematic management, and
those which would only be cumber-
some ballast. The latter must be left
to private initiative.
The victorious proletariat ensures
to itself the important prerequisites
for the solution of the economic politi-
cal basic tasks by the accomplishment
Of these fundamental measures, which
have to be fulfilled in the early stages
OF the transition from capitalism to
socialism. The manner and method
for carrying out these basic tasks will
be determined on the one hand by the
economic measures necessary for the
attainment of this goal; on the other
hand by the long continued or re-
peated political necessity of civil war
or foreign war. According to the con-
crete demands Of the economic and
political position of every country and
its International relations an eco
nomic political system can be proved
necessary for longer OF shorter
period, which undermines the material
basis of the hostile strata, and en-
sures rational consumption Of ex-
listing provisions but ruins productive
endeavor of private enterprises (by a
system Of requisition. etc.). This is
linked up on the one hand with prole-
tartan forms Of economy and stems
thereby the growth of productive
forces in a high degree, and occa-
sionally renders them impossible
(war communism.
At the close of the open civil war.
that is, after the installation Of the
political rule Of the working class,
the interests and necessities of the
rational economic policy will be de-
termined, whereas the methods of war
Communism are pushed aside and
finally absolutely discontinued.
Thus the economic system in the
initial stage Of the transition period
will be as follows:
There is large variety of economic
forms, extending from socialized big
industry and agricultural estates to
small artisans and peasants. The
more backward the country under the
capitalist regime. the more numerous
and varied are its economic forms.
In conformity. with these various
economic forms, we find on the one