davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1924-12-21

about $4,000 pr year. Mosquito inspect
ors and a crew of men combating this
evil are employed all year, according to
the officer and day ard night crews Of
street sweepers are maintained. All
paved streets are flushed regularly.
The Brownsville fire department has
nine men on full time pay and is well
trained and equipped. The equipment
consists of two American La France
bumpers, one of $50 gallons per minute
capacity and the other 1000 gallons per
minute; chemical engines and hose truck.
A pulmotor has been bought recently
and is available in all cases where it
might be of service in saving life. In
addition to the city owned equipment
the apparatus and fire company main
tanned at Fort Brown is available should
necessity arise, as the city apparatus is
available to the fort. Roy Weller is
chief Of the department.
Brownsville has the city manager
form of government. although there has
been no city manager since the resig-
nation Of George Grupe, two years ago,
A. f. Munday, city secretary, being en-
powered by the commission to act in
the capacity Of city manager.
The members Of the city commission,
the governing body of the city, are
Mayor A. B. Cole, and B. L. Kowalski,
John Starck, Burt Hinkley and Aaron
Turk. The city commission holds reg
ular meetings every first and third Fri
day of each month, and also holds spe-
cial meetings.
The city has an efficient police de-
partment, headed by Chief of Police
W.. B. Linton. and including Lieutenant
Of Police j. T.'Armstrong. and police
officers Henry Gordon and A. Oliveira.
Special police are appointed in case Of
an emergency.
Valley Banking Center
While Brownsville is essentially the
banking center Of the ~Valley-its three
banks having combined of
more than Sc 500, 000-and the distribute
ing center for a large number Of prod
ucts, it also depends to a great extent
on the business of the fertile farming
sections around it. Some Of the richest
land to be found in the Valley-and
that means in the worlds included in
the Brownsville trade territory and
while the development of this resource
is very recent it already is assuming
considerable proportions and is rapidly
increasing. Large acreages are devoted
to growing truck and the staple crops
of cotton and corn and the acreage in
citrus orchards is being increased const-
antly. Some of the most productive or
chards of the Valley are located in the
Ell Jardin section although they are yet
young.
Brownsville, the terminus Of the Gulf
Coast lines, which connects with the
Mexican National railway at Matamo-
ros. has many wholesale houses locat-
ed here at present and the completion
of the port project at Point Isabel and
the standardization of the Rio Grande
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1924-12-21

the plant to the present time has been
loaded to capacity within a few months"
Mr.. Williams said, "and that is why
the present big unit is being installed.
1t will give US sufficient capacity to
care for the constant growth of the
business for some time to come. But
when it finally is loaded it is planned
to install an even larger unit, probably
of 1000 kilowatt capacity"
Switchboard Fireproof
The switchboard at this plant is one
of the most modern in use and has been
designed with particular care to main
tanning constant service and to the pro-
lection of workmen. All high tension
connections, 2300 volts, are in a pit be-
low the board, no current Of higher volt
age than ITO being handled above the
floor. In the pit every precaution has
been taken for the safety of the men.
Large bus bars, which carry the entire
high voltage capacity of the plant, have
been heavily insulated as are all other
connections, every piece of equipment is
grounded and workmen are provided
with insulated platforms on which to
stand while engaged in necessary opera
tions.
A fire-proof room encloses the switch
board and all its connections and auto
matte doors would shut it off from the
balance Of the plant should a fire en-
danger it. This not only might prevent
a serious damage to the equipment but
makes it possible to maintain service
although a fire might rage in other
parts of the plant, so long as the gener-
ators were running.
Over the so miles of high tension
mains the plant at present is supplying
current to motors which aggregate 1900
horsepower, $4,000 lamps, about 500
other electrical, devices and the street
car system. All of these consume an
average of 600 kilowatts per day and
this is an increase of about one-fifth
over the current consumption Of last
year. But for the lack of sufficient
capacity to handle the business, the in
crease would have been much larger,
Mr.. Williams said. Total consumption OF
current for November. 1924, was about
$50, 900 kilowatts and in the same month
of 1928 it was about $4,000.
Automatic Meters
The light and water system has a
combined boiler capacity Of $500 horse
power and the boiler room is the pride
of every man in the service. 1t is as
clean as a home and everything IS in
first-class condition. Three pumps, each
of them of sufficient size to feed all
the boilers, are connected up and ready
to run, making it almost impossible for
the water supply to fail.
A complete set of recording meters
makes it possible for the manager to
keep an accurate check on the efficien-
cy of the service being rendered by
the plant and the cost of such service.
One of these records the amount of
water used at all hours Of the day. So
accurate is this instrument that the ex-
act number of times the street sprink-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1924-12-21

water passes. The water is now put into
a storage tank and is ready for the
mains. That the process is a success is
proven by a comparison of the water as
1t goes into the first settling tank with
the finished product. The first is murkv
and muddy and the last is almost crystal
clear. AS the water is pumped into the
mains 1t is chlorinated by an automatic
machine and thus made absolutely safe
for drinking.
Three motor driven pumps with a
combined capacity of 5000 gallons per
minute force the water into the distri-
buting mains and an auxiliary steam
pump with a 100 gallon per minute cap
aclty IS ready for emergencies. All of
THESE are IN a fire-proof room which
would be closed off from the balance
OF the plant by automatic doors should
fire break out in the plant. These pumps
have more than sufficient capacity to
supply the demands of the combined
fire fighting apparatus of Brownsville
and to take care of the demands of the
citizens at the same time, but in case
OF a conflagration where fire fighting
apparatus from some other town was
brought in or where for any reason the
demand for water became too great to
be met in this manner, the pump at the
river can be cut over and made to pump
directly into the mains, thus giving a
sure and constant supply. This, how
ever, never would be done except in a
very grave emergency. F. H. Williams,
superintendent Of the plant explained.
because it would necessitate a thorough
cleaning Of the mains before water fit
for drinking could be pumped into them
again and this would be an expensive
process, he said.
Light Plant Being Enlarged
Brownsville is economical in the use
of water as compared to other cities of
this size, Mr.. Williams says. This, he
explains, is because every outlet in town
without a single exception, is metered
and thus it is impossible for unneces-
sary waste to take place. About 10000
600 gallons were consumed during Nov
ember, he said. This is an average per
capita, per day consumption of about
35 gallons and includes water used on
the streets and for all other purposes.
tONO AAO"aN oItaIl SChCI-
ator unit being installed at the light
plant at the present time will give a
combined capacity of 2400 kilowatts and
will enable the plant to make power and
lighting connections which cannot be
handled with the present capacity. The
new unit is the most modern manufac-
tured and will cost approximately
$4,000 when ready for operation. The
foundation has been poured Of concrete
and a part of the machinery has arriv-
ed.
The present generating machinery
consists of two 200 horsepower crude
oil elgine-generator units with 200 kilo-
watts capacity each and a steam turbine
driven unit with a capacity of 500 X.
w.
Every generating unit installed in
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1924-12-21

Ter is filed during the day is recorded
on the dial. Not only this, but it is pos
sible to tell whether the valve was en-
tirely opened at each filling and the
exact minute at which it was filled. An
other records the amount Of current US
ed and this shows each start and stop
of the street car. Other Instrument re-
cord the water pumped, the pressure on
the mains and the flow of water
through the ma MS. An automatic clock
on the switch board writes a second by
second record Of the current consump-
ton.
The sewerage plant, completely re-
modelled the first of the present year is
one of the most efficient and modern in
the United States and has been used
as a pattern for plants in much larger
cities. The sewage reaches the plant 30
feet below ground and is elevated to the
surface by a pump which has a capacity
Of 100000 gallons per day. 1t is then
disposed Of the most efficient manner
ever devised. A second pump of the
same capacity is being installed at the
present time to make c%ontinuosu service
certain.
City Has Abattoir
A city owned abattoir, where all meat
consumed in Brownsville is slaughtered
and prepared for the market under SAN
itary conditions, is another safeguard
thrown about the health Of the city. An
ordinance requires that all animals
shall be butche-d at this plant and there
properly cooled before meat is offer
ed for sale. The plant is inspected dali
ly, as are all places selling meat. This
work is done under the direction of DR..
J. S. Spikes, sanitary officer.
The operation of the abattoir is only
one of the activities of the sanitary and
health department which costs the city
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1924-12-21
Photos by Holm

eron county court house, one
OF the finest buildings in
South Texas. (9) A view of
Elizabeth street looking south
east from the postoffice. (1O)
The new coast guard station
located on the south end of
Padre Island. 1t was built at
a cost OF $4,000. (11) The
new five story home of the
State National Bank under
construction. (12) Mercy hos
pital.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
Ruling Is Announced on
Grapes Sold in Boxes

Lug boxes containing grapes are re-
quired by the federal food and drug
act to be marked to show the quantity
of grapes in the package, if they are
shipped into interstate or foreign CONF
MERGE, according to recent an
nouncement by DIR. c. A. Browne,
chief of the bureau Of chemistry, Unit
ed States Department of Agriculture.
The text of the letter follows:
1.-THE federal food and drugs act
classes as misbranded an article Of
food If it be in package form and the
quantity of the contents be not plain
ly and conspicuously m8rked on the
outside of the package Information
relative to marketing practices gained
through investigations at points of
production as well as of distribution
and consumption justifies the conclu-
sion that grapes in lug boxes, whether
lidded or uncovered, are food irl pack
age form within the meaning of the
act. The containers should therefore
be labeled with plain and conspicu-
Gus statement of the net contents in
terms of the largest unit, either Of
avoirdupois weight or of dry measure,
contained in the package
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
BADGER FARMERS
SLIGHT POTATOES

The potato acreage in Wisconsin
this year is per cent less than last
year. Alternating low prices and
small yields for the past four years
have turned Wisconsin farmers some
what away from potatoes as cash
crop. Difficulty in hiring competent
farm help has also caused some farm
ers to reduce their acreages. The
reduction is as much as IL per cent
in the Barron Chippewa and the Wau-
paca-Portage districts In the region
about Milwaukee the reduction is only
3 per cent. The acreage of the state
is placed at 100000 acres compared
to $4,000 last year and $4,000 in
1922.
The stand Of potatoes in Wisconsin
is uniformly good, and the condition
of the crop in the United States is the
same as last year.
The acreage in the United States is
1T per cent less than year ago. The
eastern states have generally in
creased their acreages York, 8
per cent; Maine, 5 per cent; and Vir-
ginia, per cent. The western states,
in common with Wisconsin, have cut
their acreages- Minnesota, 8 per cent !;
Michigan, per cent; and North Das
kota- 8 Der cent.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
Regularity in Feeding
4 HELPS Prevent Ailments

Chickens are subject to two disturb
ances Of the crop crop bound and
pendulous crop. Pendulous crop iss
usually due to Inflammation of the
digestive tract which causes disten-
sion Of the crop with gas or liquid
food Crop bound Is caused by an OBJ
strdction Of the crop from ealing long
wilted grass, gorging on grain or
clogging Of the lower opening Of the
crop. In either case it is important
to clear the crop. This may be done
in the crop-bound bird by making the
bird swallow dose Of oil, and after
working the crop gently to loosen the
mass, suspend the bird by the feet
don't hold them tightly together-and
removing the mass from the mouth.
Several spoonfuls of warm water
with little soda in it will help. Keep
the bird without food for day, then
feed sparingly on soft, easily digested
foods or give raw eggs In milk. Regu-
larity in feeding will help prevent
crop-bound cases.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
No Internal Remedy
for Poultry Pests
Medicine Will Not Control
External Parasites.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Manufacturing and selling prepare
tons for controlling lice, mites, ticks
(blue bugs) and other external para
sites Of poultry by serving to the fowls
in their feed or drinking water is
popular pastime of number of con-
Germs and one which the United
States Department Of Agriculture says
should not be tolerated. A number or
the mixtures advertised for use in con-
trolling external pests by administer
ing in the feed have been tested by
the insecticide and fungicide board Of
the department and all have been
found to be ineffective. Among the
products which were offered as pow
ders to be mixed with the feed are
several containing mixtures of sui
phur, charcoal, magnesium sulphate,
ferrous sulphate, nux vOmica, capsl-
cum, sodium carbonate, naphthalenes
lime, salt and sand. Some Of the mix
lures were lime-sulphur solutions to
be added to the drinking water; some
calcium sulphide tablets of various
percentages and having quantities OF
other chemicals as well. All were
tested and found to be ineffective for
the purpose advertised.
In view of these numerous tests the
board has served notice on the manu-
facturers who may be selling or con-
template selling the aforementioned
products to be used in this manner for
controlling external pests of poultry
that they are guilty Of violating the
provisions Of the insecticide act of
1910, and that the products are mis-
branded. The board is of the opinion
that these tests are sufficient to
strongly indicate that such method
is ineffective and further that It is
extremely doubtful if any substance
will be found which will be effective
when used in the feed or drinking
water. Tests have not been made Of
all Of the mixtures advertised against
all of the pests named, out, taking into
consideration the tests which have
been made and the anatomy and physi-
ology of chickens, it is believed that
1t is unlikely that any of the SUBJ
stances proposed, or any combination
Of them, when fed to chickens, will
control any of the external parasites
infesting them. These preparations
are sold for the most part directly to
consumers by parcel post
"Caveat emptor"-let the buyer be-
ware.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
Frequent Civilizations
Essential for Potatoes

Potatoes are a quick crop in growth,
hence they require very frequent cul-
tivation for best growth and maturity
Most farmers do not cultivate their
potatoes often enough to make the
crop as profitable as it might be-
Three or four CIVILIZATIONS will keep
the weeds down in potato patch, but
it requires six or eight or more cul-
tivations to produce fine potato crop.
Every cultivation probably pays bet
ter than for any other cultivated crop.
1t must be remembered that the po-
tato crop suffers readily from contin-
ued dry weather, and that frequent
CIVILIZATIONS are practically the only
means by which the moisture can be
conserved. Frequent civilizations also
set free much plant food that would
otherwise remain locked up in the
soil. It requires only an hour or two
to run over quite good-sized patch
of potatoes with horse and cultiva-
tor, and the results are far better than
when a hoe is used.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11

evidence on the old question as to
whether an education for the farme,
pays or not. They made a detailed
survey Of 282 farms. A comparison OF
the farm incomes showed that the men
with the most education had the larger
incomes.
Farmers with the least education,
less than one year in school, averaged
a farm income Of $371, while those
with the most, some college work, av
eraged 1888. Those who had finished
the grade school averaged 1925, com.
pared with $500 earned by high school
men.
These figures indicate that within
the lifetime of the farmer he will have
made an additional $27 for every day
spent in college. The other schooling
does not pay quite SO well per day, but
the gain during the years man
spends on the farm adds up to a good
profit.
Lack of opportunity to get agricul-
tural training in the high schools is
one cause for this condition, Tiffany
believes. OF the 800 small high
schools in Wisconsin to which most OF
the boys and girls from the rural dis
tricts go, only 21 have fullstime teach.
ers of agriculture. Some agriculture
is taught In 1T Of the APO high schools
Of all sizes in the state.
AT the same time Tiffany points out
that 80 per cent, or 90 of the rural
high schools, have full-time CONNER
cial teachers, and 1877 schools teach
some commerce. More agriculture Ia
needed in the high schools, according
to Tiffany, if Wisconsin Is to keep hel
leading place in the agriculture Of ths
United States.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
tuberculosis Found in
Different Dairy States

Systematic tuberculosis testing OF
cattle conducted by various states and
the United States Department of Agri-
culture comparatively, show that near
ly nine-tenths of premises contain no
tuberculous cattle. The per cent OF
infection, however, varies greatly, the
records show In ten states infection
exceeds % per cent, or one in four.
In eleven states the average infection
is less than five, or one herd in twen-
ty. The other states have intermedi-
ate proportions of infection.
Persons who have never had their
cattle tested for tuberculosis and who
desire to know the extent Of infection
in their locality, may obtain this in
formation by application to the bureau
Of animal industry, United States De
partmept of Agriculture. While the
information given is believed to be
of interest to cattle owners, the only
certain method of knowing the health
condition of herd with respect to
tuberculosis is the application for a
tuoerculin test by competent veter-
marian.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
Pasture Is Essential as
Feed Yard for Hog Herd

No successful feeder of hogs will
attempt to get along without some
kind of pasture for Them. Anything,
even mixtures Of grain, will help some,
but alfalfa, clovers or rye, perhaps
make the best, in the order named.
Alfalfa and clover furnish protein and
at the same time some of the min
erals needed for thrifty growth, says
the Prairie Farmer. Fall rye makes
an excellent sure pasture, and down in
Christian county they are using mix
ture of soy beans, oats, clover and
rape with considerable success. The
value of this mixture lies in the fact
that the different ingredients come
On at different periods, SO that within
six or seven weeks from seeding one
may have a succession OF good feed
all the balance Of the season. Any
thing which will make green feed will
be relished. For the hog the pasture
lot is every bit as essential as the
feed yard.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11
CORN YIELDS HIGH
IN BADGER STATE

Badger farmers can grow corn,
even though Wisconsin Is not usually
called corn belt state.
The One Hundred-B ushel club of
the state now has IL members. They
are farmers who have raised 100 or
more bushels an acre on twO-acre
plot entered in the contest. Some OF
the present members have made this
high yield several years.
Prizes are offered each year by the
Wisconsin Experiment association,
which is the organization back of che
club. Usually there is large list of
entries, but few make the coveted
mark. The record for high yield is
held by M. ]. Strunk, Fort Atkinson,
who raised 171.6 bushels of Golden
Glow on an acre.
Two-acre plots Of corn must be en-
tered in the contest. These may be
isolated plots or two acres out of a
field. A disinterested party measures
off the ground and supervises the har-
vesting and weighing. All yields are
based on q moisture content Of Is per
cent.
Members of the club, with their
highest yield in bushels and the vari-
ETY. of corn used, are: M. ]. Strunk,
Fort Atkinson, Golden Glow, 171.6;
Jippa Wielinga, Midway, Golden Glow,
1888; Jacobsen Bros, Green Bay,
Golden Glow, 1873; Fred Hubbard,
Morrisonville Golden Glow, 1881; Jo-
seph Schneider, New Franklin, Golden
Glow, 100; John Bendel, Stoddard,
Silver King, 117.4; George F. Blah-
nick, Algoma, Golden Glow, 116;
George Wheelock, Green Pay, Golden
Glow, 1855; Roman Muskavitch, Sha-
wano, Golden Glow, III Tom Moore,
Green Bay, Golden Glow, 110.4; God
fried Huppert, Diamond Bluff, Golden
Glow, 1O8; william r. Berger, Oconto
Falls, Golden Glow, 107.1; Robert
Hall, Lena. Golden Glow, 1898; P. ".
Becker, Galesviile, Golden Glow, 103;
Albert Fret, Markesan, Silver King,
1903; A. o. Popp, Jefferson, Golden
Glow, 1921, and L. 0. Odden, Maiden
Rock, Golden Glow. 100.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-09-11

It's weather, not wear, that destroys
most farm machinery.
-
Is the tractor in shape to do the
fall blowing and fitting?
y
Added tools often stand for multi
piled efficiency on the farm.
Adopting farm name is not enough.
The next thing to do is to use it.
The wise farmer studies not only
soil and seed, but the food habits Of
the consumer.
The trying season for sheep is here.
Ewes nursing lambs and on short feed
will feel it. The lambs will show it.
Uncle Alb says, "That cooperation
means sharing the downs as well as
the ups, and that there are always
some downs.
Lightning rods, poorly installed, are
worse than none at all. Be sure tkat
the. ground connections are at least
eight feet deep, or down to permanent
moisture.
Dawson golden chaff, beardless
wheat especially adapted to southern
Jersey, yielded 81 bushels per acre in
trials at the New Jersey agricultural
experiment station in 1923.
Rape seeded at the time of the last
cultivation of corn will provide an
abundance of late feed for hogs. 1t
is particularly valuable in corn fields
that are to be hogged dow