davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
Germany Reaches the Bottom Of Misery

the pre-war standard. Actually a
skilled worker, in spite of his mIser-
able situation, earns considerably
more than these proletarianized bet
ter circles"
The cases, in which people from
these circles become insane as con-
sequence of economic need, become
more and more frequent. In one
month alone the Berlin police an
nounces more than II insane, most
ly victims of the serious economic
need" In the same time there were
151 suicides.
The housing need among the
broadest masses of the working popu-
lation is indescribable. In July Tin
summer month) the Municipal
Lodging House in Berlin, was visited
by 69,777 male and 5,070 female per-
sons as against 40,463 and 1929 in
the year before, in the same month.
The state of health Of the working
class youth is appalling. Ricketts, has
spread in horrible degree. Accord
ing to the report of the Health In
surance in Dortmund, 27.S1o OF the
children under six months, 41.1qo OF
those from six months to one year,
4O.2eo of those from one to one year
and half, 32.1ao of those up to two
years and $500 of those over two
wears have ricketts,. In other towns
the situation is similar. According
to reports Of the National Health
Bureau, Of the children in the ele-
mentary schools of 20 industrial
towns. 42.5es were seriously under
nourished and 10 per cent. were very
seriously undernourished.
Of 100 pupils of the elementary
schools in Hamburg, az had no ordi-
nary shoes, 81 no ordinary shirt, 81
! no o~dirorv soc'-s. IA no ordinary
handkerchief. The lack Of teaching
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
BY LELAND oLDs.
Federated Press Industrial Editor.)

Who says that public ownership
stiles individual initiative and that
the grab-it-all motive is necessary to
bring out inventive ability? Just ask
such a person to step up and examine
the record Of the U. S. department
of agriculture. 1t doesn't get much
advertising in the metropolitan press.
OF course not. The big paper7 aren't
in business TO furnish the opponents
Of profteering with ammunition.
Just now come the department of
agriculture chemists with a discovery
for obtaining nitrogen from the air
which will make large scale produc-
ton in such plants as the U. S. gov
ernment nitrate plant at Sheffield
Ala, possible. You know what that
will mean to the farmers. Nitrogen
is one Of the most important elements
in fertilizer. Hitherto it has beer
necessary to import very large pro
portion Of our nitrates from Chile.
Germany has so far made the
greatest progress along this line
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
overcome and the franc stabilized.

overcome and the franc stabilized.
Criminal sacrilege" and "defrauding the
state" are phrases which Premier Poincare
should use sparingly for under this head
might, with the change in sentiment which is
taking place among the French population,
come the military loans to Poland, Czecho-
Slovakia and other vassal states
The admission of the spokesman of French
imperialism that all new expenditures must be
abandoned is deeply significant 1t means
that French finance has at last come to an i'm
passe. The French hegemony of Europe de-
pends upon ever larger and larger advances
for military purposes, for subsidizing such ad-
ventures as the separatist movements In, the
Rhineland and Palatinate and for maintaining
intact the propaganda bureaus and semi-otti-
cial organizations of French Imperialism.
These constant drains on the treasury can
be met only by increased taxation and an in
creased taxation and an increase in taxation
means the end of the Poincare government.
German reparations and the Russian debt
have not materialized and disillusionment is
spreading rapidly thruout France.
From now until the April elections both the
French political and financial crisis will be-
come more critical as the consequences OF the
imperialistic debauch become more and more
apparent.
These be tough days for governments.
The daily worker., 1924-01-21

In the course of the. last month,
Germany was shaken by an unheard
of economic crisis. Like an iron wall
the ruin of the mark separates Ger
many from theeforeign countries and
separates producers and consumers
within Germany. The refusal Of
many small and big businessmen
to accept paper marks as payment,
completely suffocates the working
masses, the unemployed, and workers
on part time. The continuous fall of
the mark did not only destroy all
fundamentals of a future stable
mark, but brought about the COM
plete collapse of the provisionment
of the big cities with food. Starva-
tion took on gigantic dimensions. Un-
employed marched IN closed ranks
to the markets and shops. The So
called unemployment dole is so small
that in many cases the unemployed
refused to accept it. Thus, for in
stance, recently in Dusseldorf, 132,-
900 unemployed jointly refused the
starvation dole. They were to re-
ceive 164 billion marks, while one
liter of milk costs 144 billion. I'm
employment has increased immensely
in the course of the last weeks. Two
million eight hundred thousand are
unemployed and of these, a million
and half are in the occupied terri
tory. besides, there are at least the
same number of part-time workers
with two or three days work week.
In all parts of the country there are
every day most serious collisions
with the police. In one single day in
Berlin over 1000 bakeries were plum
dered. AS the government stopped
4he control on the price of bread, the
bread became unpurchasable for the
masses.
THO price If n bread of four
hounds on cards, that cost in the be-
ginning of October SO millions,
| jumped after the abolition of the
bread became unpurchasablc for the
next day and had reached TO over
$50 billion by the beginning of No
vember.
At the same time the weekly wage
Of young worker Of the age Of l6
in Berlin was about 300 billion, that
| is. the price OF two loaVes OF Dreae
or one pound of margarine. A car
penter's apprentice earned in the be.
ginning of November on the average
Of so billion a week, that is, two
whole eggs.
The cost Of living for a family OF
four people increased from two mil
lion two hundred thousand fold Of
the pre-war time to 423 bill
ion six hundred million fold from
the beginning of September to No
vember 10th. According to a state
ment Of the chairman of the timbe
workers union, the timber worker
Of the province Of Brandenburg re
ceived on the 18th of October,
weekly wage of one billion, that Is
the price Of two loaves Of bread. TIL
wages of the full-time workers are a
the highest, 10 TO 15 per cent Of IN
pre-war wages. The millions Of un
employed and part time workers re
:eive sums which are only 80 to 70
The daily worker., 1924-01-21

per cent of these miserable wages.
One gets a picture of the chaos of
prices if one COMPARES the prices of
German and English coal. One ton
of English coal cost in the beginning
of October, 24.54 gold marks, while
Westphalian coal could not be pur-
chased for less than 81 gold marks.
Including the transport expenses, the
English coal was 30 per cent cheaper
than the German.
The pauperization of the broadest
masses of the former so-called mid
die class has also advanced consider
ably. Ninety per cent of the middle
class are today proletarianized. 1t
recruits itself from all people of the
so-called free professions, officials,
traders and businessmen, small pen
sioners, etc. Driven to despair by
starvation and misery, every day
members of the middle class commit
suicide. News. like the following
can be found in the press almost
daily: Z
yesterday evening about half
past o'clock, the 60 year old
Professor Kurt Fink of Wuster-
mark, committed suicide in the
laboratory in the house at Blue
cherstrass 67, by poisoning him
self with gas. Need has driven the
scientist to this desperate step. His
whole fortune consisted of not
quite 1000 marks"
One can frequently find that
prominent scientists sell papers on
the street, are bank couriers or shop
walkers in department stores. From
the more than 10000 Berlin students
more than 60 per cent are compelled
to earn their living as factory work
ers, clerks, bank couriers or very
frequently as walters.
The standard of living of the mid
die class is decreased to one-fifth of
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
Thru the Backdoor

'Hell-and- Maria" General Dawes is trying
to make strong impression on Europe. Tot
tering capitalist Europe needs lots of blood and
iron just now and our Holy Trinity of Bank
er-Generals can be counted upon to do some
vital instilling.
The job assigned to Dawes, Young and
Robinson is much bigger than the task of look
ing into German finances, tho that IN itself is
herculean attempt AS matter of fact victor
ious France needs about as much diagnosis
and perhaps as major an operation as van
uuished Germany does. The French Govern
ment is face to face with bankruptcy. This
desperate condition can no longer be hidden
from the world. Poincare's government is
paving out in interest huge proportion OF It's
revenues At the present rate it will take only
about six years for the French Government to
spend all of its revenues on interest payments
Needless to say the European capitalists are
seeing the handwriting on the wall unless
Americas mighty financial and industrial over
lords again run to their rescue. In order to
get the United States to step in as their savior
European capitalists are resorting to front and
back-door methods They are not only making
outright appeals for Wall Streets help, but
they are also sending over much OF their own
capital to invest in American industries.
The British capitalists are experienced at
this game. They know that heavy investments
in our industries will enable them to WELD a
tremendous influence on American foreign pol
icy and politics It was the great extent to
which English capitalists had their capital in
vested in American industries along side of our
own capitalists that helped them precipitate
Americas entry into the World War The
recent offer of serveral big Southern Power
Corporations, having large British capital in
vested in them, for Muscle Shoals indicates
clearly that Great Britain has definitely
launched campaign to draw America into
the European maelstrom. Much additional
capital would be needed by these Southern
Power interests to utilize the Muscle Shoals
grant and British capital is undoubtedly at
hand to help realize the deal. Thus this back.
door inroad on American economic power is
political event of international import
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
(Continued from page u

given their share for the first Com
munist daily newspaper. That was
a great achievement, that was the
preparation of the victory of our
revolution. The American workers
must regard their work from this
angle.
The labor movement in America is
comparatively very young. American
capitalism is the strongest in the
whole world.
eve know that your aid, American
working comrades, will perhaps not
as yet come quickly at all, as the Re-
volution proceeds in different forms
and in varying tempo in the various
countries (and it cannot be other
wise)."
So wrote Comrade Lenin on Aug.
20, 1918, in his well known "Letter
to the American Workers" Since
then five years have gone by. In
1918 the American Communist Party
stood isolated in the working class
of America. Today the situation is
different. Through the efforts of
the best Of the American revolution
lists considerable influence has been
won for Communism within broad
laboring masses of America. The
first successes came with particular
difficulty. In further successes the
thing will doubtlessly go more quick
Ily.
It is quite natural for the Ameri-
can Communists to concentrate their
activity above all in the working
class, in its trade unions. From here
only was it possible to begin the work
of revolutionary enlightenment of
the American working class and its
assembling under the banner of Com
munism. The successes which the
American Communists have had
hitherto in the trade unions Concern
tration of the left wing) can in no
way be called little. But it is yet
more important that the American
Communists were able, among the
first, to broach and give impetus to
the question of work among the small
farmers. This fact testihes best of
all to the great vitality of American
Communism.
You should not conceal from your
selves the truth that even in a few
Sections Of the international, the
traditional Social Democratic attitude
toward the farmers is still very
strong. The Communist Interna-
tional was born from the womb Of
the Second International. 1t is no
wonder that individual Communist
parties still pay heavy tribute to the
Social Democratic traditions, espe-
cially in the question of the attitude
towards the farmers. The social
Democratic parties Of the Second In
ternational even in their best days,
were in essence guild parties, which
did not set themselves to the fight
for the partial improvement of the
condition of the working class within
the framework of capitalism. This
guild Menshevist can still be per-
ceived mostly in the question of the
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
Zinoviev to the Communists Of America

the six years of the proletarian revo-
luton can be attributed essentially
to the same thing: one very smalD
part of the comrades underestimate
even now the role of the farmers,
and do not understand the tremend-
ously revolutionary and at the same
time immensely realistic policy to-
wards the farmers which Bolshevism,
embodied thru Lenin, had already
contributed to this problem as far
back as twenty years ago.
Let the American comrades with
still greater energy labor to win, be-
fore all, the hearts Of the American
proletapiat, to free the American
working class and its labor unions
from the tenacious deadly embraces
Of Gompers and other agents Of capi-
tai. But let the foremost American
workers with answering energy, la
Dor at the same time to attract the
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
BrotherLy CO. Operation

The twin brother of Gap Woods, specialist
in the production of bedroom and bathroom
farces, has made so much money in the manu-
facture of handkerchlets that ne mas reeire9
and presented his factory to two of the hired
help.
nress to show that wonderful opportunities are
ahead of every American boy and that faithful
service is sure of reward.
Outside of the fact that the factory was not
y;van TO those who served by making handker-
chiefs but to couple of statesmen the interest,"
ing thing is the fact that so much money could
he made in the handkerchief business.
Having witnessed couple of performances
of the Woods productions while temporarily
demented we are able to come forward with
An explanation. GAPS" twin brother merely
sold handkerchiefs to all the people who had
to hold them to their noses while watching 9
performance of "The Demi-Virgin" or Get
ting Gertie's Garter"
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
The French H,1passe

President Poincare, in urging postponement
OF the economic measures until Tuesday. said
IN the Chamber of Deputies that no new
charges of taxation could be imposed Except
by preventing anyone from defrauding the
state, which is committing criminal sacrilege. /"
If all new expenditures are abandoned, the
premier continued, the financial crisis can be
The daily worker., 1924-01-21
Lumber Workers Union Grows.

Nearly 1000 timber workers in
Maine and New Hampshire have
Joined the organization since last
July, according to statement from
the headquarters of Lumber Work
ers' Industrial union here. The men
are employed by contractors operat-
ing for pulp mills. Maine leads the
country in pulpwood production.
The daily worker., 1924-01-21

material in the schools has become
SO serious on account Of the continu-
Gus depreciation of money, that up
to 500 of the pupils can no longer
buy the necessary text books.
The daily worker., 1924-01-21

Mrs. A. Montgomery Ward, wife of the mail
order king, had the pleasure of giving check
for million dollars to North Western Univer-
sity. How many underfed girl-saves of the
mail order baron went to an early grave, in
order to give the millionare's wife the pleasure
of appearing in the guise Of a public bene-
f3ctress2
The daily worker., 1924-01-21

The storm in the Teapot Dome may halt
Calvin Coolidge in his race for the Presidency
At least Hiram Johnson hopes so. Now that
Hiram's friend, Harry Daugherty, is involved
we wonder what will the California Senator
think Of it?
The daily worker., 1924-01-21

nlagnates is great. Only the miners conven-
tion can save the situation.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-05-16
Best Plan to Grow Into
a High-Producing Dairy

@When good grade cows are selling
from $3.50 to $500 per head, there Is
tendency to buy cheap ones" says Q.
b. Finley, dairy expert of Iowa. Many
men. he finds, get enthusiastic over
the possibilities of dairying, sell their
herds and replace them with cheap
dairy COWS whose only qualification
for the name is the fact that they re-
Gently freshened or possess the color
of one of the dairy breeds. The nat
ural result is failure and disgust
for the dairy business.
Furthermore. there are many men
rhn lack the necessary experience to
make cows profitable should they sue
coed In buying good ones. Finley re-
ports much more general success
when farmers grow into high-pro-
ducing herd. This is accomplished by
raising the daughters of good pure
bred bull or in buying few choice
heifers. No doubt individual cases
warrant buying few good pure bred
cows for foundation animals.
The man who grows into the dairy
business has an opportunity to reor-
ganixe his crop rotation and establish
legume crop so necessary for milk
production. AS rule ii is also neceS
Hsry for him to improve his barn and
put In a silo, all of which, costs money
and must be done as profits allow.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-05-16
NOTICE OF sHERIFFs SALE

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE
SEVENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
OF THE STATE OF MONTANA,
IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF
INCOME.
FIRST TRUST & SAVINGS BANK,
a corporation,
Plaintiff.
JOHN WEINBERGER; MYRTLE
WEINBERGER, his wife; NORTH
WESTERN MORTGAGE COMPANY,
a corpora ton; DAWSON COUNTY,
MONTANA, a body polite and cor
porate; ADVANCE RUMELEY
THRESHER COMPANY, a corpora
ton; and MAX LEHMAN,
Defendants
TO BE SOLD AT SHERIFF'S SALE,
on the 18th day of June, 1924 at
the hour of 2 O'Clock P. NJ. of said
day, at the front door of the Court
House at Circle, McCone County,
Montana, the following described
real estate, situated, lying and be-
ing in .McCone County, Montana, to-
wit:
North Half of the Southwest
Quarter (N15SWA), South Half
of the Northwest Quarter (S12-
NWA), Northwest Quarter of
the Southeast Quarter (NWA-
SEA), South Half of the North
east Quarter (S1sNEA), of Sec
ton Twenty-eight (2S); South
west Quarter of the Northwest
Quarter (SWA NWA) of Section
Twenty-seven cd, Township
Twenty-one CID North, Range
Forty-four CAD East, Montana
Meridian, together with all the tene-
ments, Entertainments and appurt-
enances thereunto belonging, and
the reyersions, remainders, rents,
issues and profits thereof, also any
and all water rights, water bitches
and water easements thereunto be-
longing or in anywise appertaining.
Dated at Circle, Montana, this
18th day of May, 1924.
FLOYD DAVIS, Sheriff.
BY Otto A. King, Under Sheriff.
First publication May 18th, 1924
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-05-16
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

in the matter of the Estate OF OLE
P. VALID, deceased. Notice Is here
by gwen by the undersigned Ole K.
Nasty, Administrator OF the Estate
of Ole P. Valid, deceased, to the Gre
ditors of and all persons having
claims against the said deceased to
exhibit them with the necessary
vouchers, within four months after
the first publication OF this notice,
to the said administrator at his. resi-
dence in McCone County, Montana;
or to the Law Offices OF Marion q
Foor, Wolf Point, MCltana. u
place is designated by the Admins
traitor for the transaction OF the
business of said estate.
Dated April oath. 1924.
OLE X. NASBY,
Administrator OF Inc Us tta O
Ole P. Valid, deceased.
MARION & FOOR, Attorneys for the
Administrator, WOLF
First publication May 9th, 1924.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-05-16
DAIRY
FACTS
COWS ON PASTURE
NEED SOME GRAIN

The common practice of feeding no
grain to dairy cows on early pasture is
probably not good economy in the long
run. In the opinion of workers In the
Geld Of animal feeding at Cornell uni
versity.
They point out that pasture grass Is
q strong stimulant TO milk production.
II no grain is fed the COWS are likely
TO run down in flesh. This will lead TO
reduced milk production later on.
when the pastures begin to dry up,
and heavy feeding then will ordinarily
not prevent this reduction. Cows OF
average production when they go on
pasture should be fed at least one
third to one-half Of the amount OF
Srain they were receiving when In the
barn.
But the grain mixture does not need
such expensive high protein feeds as
ifnseed oil. cottonseed meal or gluten
feed as are given during the winter
season. A mixture made up OF equal
parts of wheat bran, ground oats ana
hominy or corn meal would be suis-
able.
A grain mixture depends upon the
kind of roughage with which 1t is TO
be fed. Pasture grass is high pro-
tein feed and, furthermore, the proteins
Il contains are of the highest quality,
30 high protein feeds may be left OUT
of the grain ration. Yet grass lacks fat
or energy-producing nutrients. Except
for this deficiency, II is an almost per-
feet feed for milk production.
In ration made up of'pasture grass
and a grain mixture containing no high
protein feeds, the protein content will
always equal or exceed the amounts
called for in feeding standards fof
cows producing up to sixty pounds 0,
milk daily, as long as pasturage IS
plentiful. green and succulent. This
statement applies only under these con-
ditions. When pastures begin to dry
up and get short during July and
August the grass contains much less
protein than earlier in the season. The
grain mixture must then be changed
to include some high protein feeds. In
addition more grain must be fed %
make up for the shortage In pasture.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-05-16
Corn Fed to Live Stock

More than IS per cent of the United
States corn crop Is fed to live STOCK
and somewhat less than 10 per cent IS
used for human food according to re-
cent data complied Ivy The Uniyed
States Department OF Agriculture.
The hog is the largest consumer. 40
per cent being fed to swine on farms.
Horses and cattle are next. using III
and Is per cent. respectively The ex-
ports Of corn. as grain have never
been large.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-05-16
DAIRY NOTES


Dalrying is tie 0alance wheel CT a.
riculture.
II takes no longer to care for good
COW than a poor one.
Inaccurate farm and shipping scales
will take their cost out Of your pocket
several times over in year.
It Is hard 10 understand why so
many cov-keepers have not yet dis
covered the value of the silo, If they
nave discovered it they ire certainly
neglectful in putting 1t into operation.
The feeding of Scrub cows and the
scrub" feeding of goad cows are two
OF the worst mistakes dairyman can
make
Do not stint the dairy COW, give her
all she will eat of the right kind Of
feeds nrore~lr halapred rou ok
oect her to p. .,iacs iiiis ~!
From % to 40 per cent of all tu0cr-
culosis In children under FIVE years Of
age is contracted by using produ''ts
from Whereabouts cows. according tn
10 fed raj Department "f Agrici'tH;f
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-05-16
THE UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH

C. w. Loomis, Pastor.
Services for May 18th
Sunday school 10 A. M.
In charge of Arthur Wight, Asst.
Superintendent.
Morning worship IL A. M.
Sermon by Pastor.
Junior Christian Endeavor 2 P. M.
Jewell Harmon, Leader
Young Peoples Christian Endear
vor at P. M.
Miss Vera Lytle, Leader
Evening worship s P M
Sermon by Pastor.
Prayer meeting Wednesday 1880 PM
All are most cordially invited to
these services. Visitors are always
welcome.