davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-11-08
COOLIDGE WILL GET
PROTEST ON RENTS
Federal Workers to Combat
Increases by Any
Fair Means.

Expressing indigna tion at the hous-
ing situation in the District of CO.
lumbia, representatives of the FEEDER
alton of Federal Employees last night
adopted a resolution to be sent to
President Coolidge informing him of
their intention to combat high rentals
by any fair means.
The federation also pledged Coop
eraton with the Tenants League Of the
District of Columbia and from its
membership Of approximately 10000
WILL from time to time, supply the
league with any instances of rental
raises and eviction notices. The Ten
ants League is keeping a record of
all such cases, to be used in present
ing their side of the housing situation
in the District
paid to the Government employees are
| inadequate to meet the Continuously
rising scale Of prices for houses and
apartments in the District of Colum-
bia"
The resolution declares that ten
ants in the District have been, and
at this time are, being served with
notices of increased rents and that
notices to quit are being served on
admittedly underpaid" Government
employees. The efficiency of the Gov
ernment employees and their mental
and physical standards are being
affected by the situation and thus
rejecting on the public business, it
is added.
Appeal to 'Fair Minded"
The aid of all fair minded" land
lords, real estate companies and
others influential in the rental situa-
tion in the city is asked ito arouse
the sense Of public opinion against this
injustice on the part of profiteering
landlords
The resolution states that pending
the decision of a final court Of ap-
peals that the Government employees
Will resist by all lawful methods ANY
attempt to circumvent the clear in
tent of Congress to ameliorate the
present emergency through the me-
dunn of the rent law"
Following talk by Mrs Clara
Sears Taylor of the Rent Commission
and Mrs. Henry G. Brown of the Ten
ants League, a number of instances
of rental increases and eviction no
tices being served were reported.
1t was decided to send the resoIu-
tfons TO the Rent Commission and the
local press, as well as to the Presi-
dent.
Evening star., 1924-11-08

decimals. The result will be the final
efficiency rating.
After the determination of final
ratings the employees in each COM
pensatio.- grade will be listed on eff
cheney rating form No. 6-'report of
final ra tings'-in the order of their
efficiency ratings. This report will
be signed by the members of the
board of review and submitted in
quadruplicate to the proper admin
istrative officer"
After the percentage of an en-
ploye is determined by the graphic
rating scale he is then put at the
proper place in the salary scheme
outlined by the classification act, ac-
cording to a table showing what
salaries certain percentages are
worth
Departmental heads, however, will
nave to work out the efficiency rat
ing, 1T is explained, with careful con-
sideration for the average provision,
which provides that the average of
the salaries of the total number of
persons in a grade shall not exceed
the average of the compensation
rates specified for the grade.
Lowest 65 Per Cent.
Rules and regulations have been
developed for correlating the final
percentage efficiency ratings with
salary rates, whereby each of the
seven steps of salaries of each grade
under the classification act is given
a certain range of percentage
The lowest percentage for the low
est salary is 65 per cent. the high
est, of course, 100 per ceht.
For clerical purposes the seven SAL
aries in each grade have been let
tered with the first seven letters of
the alphabet, and given their ranges
OF percentage as follows:
(a IS to 60 per cent: (b) 70 to
"a per cent: (c) rs to 70 per cent;
(d 80 to "a per cent; (e) SIS to 80
per cent; GO 80 to "a per cent; (g)
95 to 100 per cent.
Definite rules for promotion, de-
motion and dismissals are also laid
down for the guidance of the de-
partment heads to use in making
final application of the efficiency rat.
ing to moving employees up or down
the salary scale or dismissing them
from the service.
Evening star., 1924-11-08
STOCKS AGAIN SOAR
TO RECORD HEIGHTS
Widest Trading in Halliday
Session in Five Years.
Close Is Strong.
By the Associated Press

ID! iHt HsSttldIPn frpSS.
NEW YORK, November S.-Buyine
of railroad stocks continued with in
creased intensity in todays market.
practically all of the popular issues
soaring to new high records for the
year on< gains running from 1 to 3Ia
points. Total sales exceeded the mil
lion share mark for the first time
in any half holiday session in five
years.
Strength of the rails, for which
there was an enormous speculative
and Investment demand, permeated
the industrial group, where such
leaders as United States Steel com
mon, American Can and United States
Cast Iron Pipe also sold at their best
prices in many years.
Unusually heavy profit taking took
place on the rally, but the demand for
stocks was SO strong that it failed to
have any appreciable effect on gen
eral advance. The closing was
strong. Total sales approximated l.
100000 shares.
Evening star., 1924-11-08
MAN STILL INFANT UPON EARTH,
DIR. HRDLICKA TELLS SCIENTISTS S
Says Present Race Goes Back about Is, 900 Years,
With Pre-Men Extending 500 ,OOO-Real
Fossil Skeletons Revealed Here.

The present human race. true man,
has lived on earth probably from
$1,000 to $4,000 years, DR.. Ales Hrd-
licka, head of the department of ply
sical anthropology of the Smithsonian
Institution, said yesterday in the
third of a series of lectures in which
he is presenting the total bulk of ex-
listing evidence on human evolution
Various man-like creatures, how
ever, ranging from approximately
halfway between ape and human
to a physical and mental develop
'ment very close to that of the white
race today, can be traced back ap-
proximateIy a half million years from
skeleta1 remains which have come to
light during the last half century, he
said.
Exhibits Skull Casts.
DR.. Hrdlicka exhibited for the first
time what is perhaps the most COM
plete collection Of evidence on mans
descent ever made. This consists OF
a number of exact casts of tbs SOULS
and skull fragments of these dis
coveries some of which were made
by DR.. Hrdlicka himself last Summer.
These relics, upon which alone any
connected theory can be based, now
are scattered through the museums
and universities of Europe, so that it
has been necessary to make long
journeys in order to compare them.
Some of them tend to throw valuable
light on the long g-disputed problem of
the missing link" in evolution, he
said. In fact, he believes that they
may represent missing" links.
The theory that human beings were
evolved from a lower form of life was
first given wide circulation about the
middle of the last century by Oar
wins revolutionary work, THE Origin
of the Species" and has remained
storm center of discussion ever since.
Arguments for and against have been
based on the facts cited by Darwin
in support of his contentious.
Evidence of Darwin.
But we have gone far beyond OAR
win" DR.. Hrdlicka said. I'VE must
admire the remarkable clarity of Dar-
wins reasoning on the data at hand.
But we must remember that at that
time Darwin had never seen, probably
had never heard Of, any actual bones
of precursors of man.
After showing the skull casts them
selves DR.. Hrdlicka threw on the
screen a series of pictures showing
Whit these pre-men probably looked
like when living-fearsome. hairy
creatures with the dawning OF human
intelligence in their ridged eyes and
low foreheads.
The first actual discovery of impor-
tance was made. he said, in 1S4S by
some soldiers excavating for gun
foundation on the Rock of Gibraltar.
This was a revolutionary event in an
thropology, showing definitely the
existence at some time Of creatures
which were mentally superior to apes
and yet not the equals of men, which
hitherto had only been conjectured.
He showed q cast Of this skull, a low
Evening star., 1924-11-08

tion and gave the President some of
the "iD@ide" as to the outcome in his
own State.
Senator Wadsworth appeared proud
Of the showing made by New York.
but said it was nothing more than he
anticipated. He stated that he and
other Republican leaders of the State
were pleased with the showing made
by Col. Theodore Roosevelt against
Al Smith. The Senator doubted If the
latter would go back to his old job
as Assistant Secretary Of the Navy.
He said the colonel is young and able
and popular, and that he has a great
future in politics.
Senator Watson, after giving the
President what he afterward de-
scribed as the real low-down" on the
Indiana election, said that he looked
for nothing but legislat ton affecting
appropriations at the short session.
He intimated that the Republican n
leaders of the Senate may take occa-
sion IN the reorganization of the SEN
ate to discipline Senator La Toilette
and his little band of followers who
had been 50 embarrassing to the ad-
ministration during the past year.
This discipline will probably take the
form Of unimportant committee as
signments.
Good Also Present.
Others who saw the President were
former Representative Good of Iowa,
who was Western campaign manager
for Coolidge during his pre-conven-
ton campaign, and who has been ac-
tive since. 1t is thought likely that
when the big plurf1s are being handed
out after March Mr. Good will not
be forgotten.
Among other callers were Col.
Thomas w. Miller, alien property GUS
todian, who has accepted the presi-
dency of the Interallied War Vet
erans' Associations; Brig. Gen. Hines,
director of the Veterans Bureau; AS
sistant Postmaster General Bartlett,
Representative Madden of Illinois,
committee, and Admiral Eberle head
of the naval board.
Among the numerous messages of
congratulate atoms pouring into the
White House are an unusual number
Of invitations to the President to
take part in various occasions and
visit in various towns, it was said.
Mr.. Coolidge, however. finding it
necessary, it was explained, turned
down most of the invitations, at least
temporarily.
The President has received invita-
tions from the Chamber Of Commerce
of Gainesville, Fla, and from New.
Orleans, among other cities, but it
was said at the White House that
he made no definite plans in this
regard.
Evening star., 1924-11-08

others had been rather narrow
skulled. Some of these skulls, all
dating from approximately the same
period, were very inferior to others,
showing the work of evolution in
progress. Some of the jaws, in par
ticular, were very primitive.
Romance of Discovery.
The next important step was the
discovery of the Heidelberg skull in
1907. In connection with this DR..
Hrdlicka has uncovered one of the
real romances of science. The dis
covery was made in a sand bank in
an ldfashioned German village near
Heidelberg University. This sand
bank long had been yielding relics of
various kinds and the university
made it a practice to buy these for
small sums from the workmen who
uncovered them. With the lure of ex-
ira money these workmen became
very skillful in telling what was val
liable in their finds. The run of fos
sils consisted of bones of ancient
lions and elephants, precursors to the
present species. which showed that
a semi-tropical climate had existed in
the vicinity of Heidelberg at one time
One day the workmen came across
a skull so massive and inhuman
that it frightened them. They were
about to throw it away when the
foreman'S attention was called to it.
Now this man, who still lives in the
same village and was interviewed by
DR.. Hrdlicka last Summer, had edu
Gated himself into a good working
knowledge of anthropology. A poor
villager, he recognized the value of
the discovery. He could easily have
obtained a million gold marks for it.
Instead, purely for the advancement
of science, he gave it to Heidelberg
University free and is still a poor
man.
The skull, DR.. Hrdlicka said, rep
resents a definite middle ground be-
tween the Java man and the Neander-
thai man. The first is approximately
half million years old. The Heidel-
berg man dates back from 100000
to 100000 years The Neanderthal
man dates somewhere between 1O0,-
600 and 10000 or $4,000 years ago.
Next comes the discovery in 1908 in
Sussex of the Piltdown man. This
creature represents another Of that
race of precursors to man neither
apes nor humans but showing a dis
tinct trend toward becoming humans.
Ascent Of Man.
DR.. Hrdlicka then showed relics of
man rapidly ascending the scale from
discoveries in southern France, such
as the Cro-Magnon man-creatures
who were not quite the men of today,
but who had learned to make weap-
ons, had developed a sort of religion
or superstition, and at least some of
whom had developed some artistic
ability, as shown by pictures of ami
mails on the walls of their caves.
He said that yesterday, for the
first time, there had been received in
the United States some actual prehis-
toric skeletons, those of Salubrian
men from Europe. These are almost
impossible to obtain. They are rare
and are guarded preciously by the
countries where they are found. The
only instance on record of a sale was
that Of a Mousterian man, dug up in
France, to the Kaiser for 900 gold
marks.
From the appearance of true hui
man skeletons it is but step to the
dawn of recorded history-that of
ancient Egypt-Dr. Hrdlicka said so
that today there is a fairly good rec
ord OF the various steps from the
apelike creatures to men, He said
Evening star., 1924-11-08

browed affair, with prominent ridges
over the eyes, and compared 1t with
the skull of an ordinary white man
of today. The distinction stood out
clearly for the audience in this COM
parison.
The second discovery Of note was
made in Westphalia in 1S56-that of
the Neanderthal man. DR.. Hrdlicka
showed a cast of this skull obtained
in London. 1t is larger than the
Gibraltar SKULL and indicates a con-
siderable period of evolution between
the two.
Cave Of Spy Relics.
The third step came in 1888 with
the discovery of a number of skeleton
remains in the Cave Of Spy, near
Brussels. Among a great many bones
of ancient animals were two human
or pre-human skulls. One was almost
an exact duplicate of the Neander-
thai man. The other, which obvi-
ously dated from the same period
because of the rock strata and the
accompanying relics, showed a sharp
step forward. The ridges over the
eyes were reduced and the forehead
rising. This may represent, DR..
Hrdlicka said, human evolution ac-
tually in progress-a sport from the
normal race of that day which be-
came the ancestors of creatures
nearer man.
Importance of Java Man.
In 1891 a Dutch colonial surgeon
in Java, hunting for fossil animal
remains, discovered fossil tooth
which he could not. place. 1t was
unlike the tooth of any ape and bore
h h1op 70 ha
a man. A little later he found a
skullcap nearby which bore evi-
dence of having belonged to the same
creature as the tooth. Since then
two more teeth, femur bone and
a portion of a lower jaw, have been
found in the same locality.
This, DR.. Hrdlicka said, is perhaps
the most important discovery ever
made in this field. The remains date
back approximately half million
years and represent the earliest date
of known manlike creatures on earth.
These remains are now at Haarlem,
Holland, and a skull cast, just re-
ceived here, constitutes the most
valued bit of evidence in the Smith
sonian collection.
1t represents a creature with a
brain very nearly at the lower limit
of the human brain of today and is of
form utterly unlike anything in ape
brains. The other bones also indicate
creature who had progressed half
way between a high primate, such as
chimpanzee, and real man. This
creature lived either just before the
last ice age or at the start of it.
Between 1895 and 1905 near Agram
in Croatia were dug up 1S human
skeletons representing a very impor-
tant link in the chain Of evidence.
They . are brachycephalio--that is,
with markedly broad skulls while the
Evening star., 1924-11-08
WILBUR W|THHOLDS
OIL LEASE PAPERS
Tells Court in Doheny Case
Documents Would Be Pref
judicial to United States.
Ry the Associated Press.

by the Associated Press.
Los ANGELES. Calf, November s.
A communication from Curtis d.
Wilbur, Secretary of the Navy. de-
claring that he is not at liberty to
furnish the court certain confidential
papers Subpoenaed by the defense,
was introduced in evidence yesterday
by the defense in closing its case in
the Governments suit to cancel leases
and contracts held by the Pan-Amer
lean Petroleum & Transport Co. in Elks
Hills naval oil reserves.
The communication was an answer
TO subpoena served on the Secre
tary to produce certain records and
secret plans of the Navy Department
10 be used in evidence in the suit.
Secretary Wilbur's letter, in part,
said:
"All aforesaid papers being found
among the official files and records of
the Department of the Navy are Of Il
confidential nature, containing mat
terS of Importance to the Nation, the
disclosure of which would, in his
tWulbur's) opinion, be injurious to
the public interest and would prove
prejudicial to the Government"
a concurring opinion from Charlie
f.. Hughes, Secretary of State, also
was presented, which. in part. stated;
Il concur in the view of the Secre-
tary of the Navy that the disclosure
o: the contents of the papers would
be incompatible with the public inter
est"
DOheny Going Ahead.
A letter from E. l.. Doheny, head of
the Pan American interests, to Presi-
dent Coolidge. dated March 8, 1924
was previously presented by defense
counsel. The letter stated his plan to
continue construction of the Pearl
Harbor, Hawaii, fuel oil storage base
irrespective of whether, during the
pendency of the suit which l under
stand is to be brought to test the
legality of the contracts, the officers
of the United States do or do not issue
20 the company vouchers for the work
done" Mr.. Doheny in the letter fur
ther stated that "the company has
undertaken to do this upon my per-
sonal guarantee that it will be saved
from any possible loss due to the con-
tinuance of this work"
poheny in this communication
stated that the reason for his COM
pany undertaking this work at cost
without profit was because II per-
sonally have been apprised of the ne
cessity for this naval fuel oil supply
station in connection with the Navy S
plan for defense of our West Coast
and l had promised that our company
would submit a bid to do the work
and take it's pay in crude OIL"
According to Doheny's letter, the
original project at Pearl Harbor for
the storage of 100000 barrels of fuel
oil has been completed and oil is in
the tanks.
The additional project, comprising
nearly 100000 barrels, is nearing
completion.
ITO stop work on it," the letter
stated, would cause irreparable loss
and leave the Navy with an uncom-
pleted plant of no benefit whatever to
IT, instead of perhaps the finest fuel
station in the world"
Evening star., 1924-11-08
THE WEATHER

District OF Columbia, Maryland and
Eirginia-Fair and cooler tonight, to-
morrow fair: moderate north winds.
West Virginia-Fair and slightly
cooler tonight, tomorrow fair.
Records for "a Hours.
Thermometer-4 pm, II; s pm, 60:
l2 midnight, Go; 4 am, 81; am, So;
noon, So.
Barometer-4 pm, 5000; 8 pm,
G0.O9; - midnight, 30-0S; 4 am, 30.14;
a m, 30.3l: noon, 3o.32.
Highest temperature, 73, occurred
at 3:20 pm. yesterday.
Lowest temperature, SO, occurred at
am. today.
Temperature same date last year
Highest, 46; lowest, 81.
Condition of the Water.
Temperature and condition of the
water at s am: Great Falls-Tem-
perature, 81; condition, clear.
Weather in Various Cities.
Evening star., 1924-11-08

CContinued from First Page)
peril tax relief by a veto. But now
the situation has changed. Even with
Il Congress in which the La Toilette
radicals hold the balance of power.
for they remain in office until next
March, the President can, if he
chooses. present a measure for
amendment of the present act. and
some of the insurgent Republicans
may not be Is anxious to oppose Mr.
Coolidge as they were several months
ago. The election returns may have
had salutary effect on those who
would obstruct merely for individual
or partisan advantage
New Tax Data Sought.
With reference to the present tax
law. there will be some interesting
data sought from the Treasury as to
the productivity of the new rates.
1t would not be surprising to find
that the real reason for the surplus
is not the lower rates at all, but the
enforcement of the law. Several new
administrative provisions were in
serted by the Treasury in the last
law based upon experience with
evasions and avoidance. Many loop
holes have been plugged. Even had
the old 1922 rates remained on the
statute books there would have been
increased revenues due to improved
administration. There is also the i'm
provement in business conditions to
be taken into account Unquestion-
ably there will be another drive for
tax revision and economy in Gov
ernment expenditure. It's the bicges
issue of the moment next to an agri-
cultural program, and President Cool
idge will have something to say on
both when he sends his message to
Congress and presents the budget for
the next fiscal year.
Copyright, 1924
Evening star., 1924-11-08
PROGRESS IS SEEN
ON LIGHT RATE CUT
CovelI Says Nothing Will Be
Done in Compromise
for Few Days.

me effort to agree on a temporary
electric light rate between 8 and 10
cents per kilowatt hour that could
be put into effect pending settlement
OF the court fight over the value OF
the Potomac Electric Power Com
pany's property is at a standstil
until next week
Following lengthy conferences yes
terday with President Ham of the
power company and William NICK
clayton of the Federation of Cfti-
zcns' Associations, Mai W. r. p
Covell, repre resentative Of the Utilities
Commission, reported progress" but
had no definite statement to make
The major added today that nothing
more would be done for few days
W hlle the suggestion for a com
promise rate has not been abandone
present Indications do not point to
the Likelihood Of an agreement being
reached.
SG,0OO,GO0 Collected.
TIE company collects 10 cents per
kilowatt hour from househoIders but
the commissions present rate is only
I.67 cents. Under a court injunction the
company is required to lay aside the
difference until the valuation Of the
property, which is the basis for
making rates. is finally settled.
Nearly $4,000, 900 has accumulated
since 1917 in the irnpounded fund
The commission, few days ago,
called a public hearing to consider a
further reduction in the rate Of 7.67
cents. If the District Supreme Court
should approve another cut nearer
70 cents, il would mean increasing
the amount in the impoundcd fund.
1t was then that Mr.. Clayton madss
the suggestion that until the court
proceedings are over and the valu-
alton settled the commission and the
company agree on a rate somewhere be
tween the 7.67 cents and 10 cents. which
would eliminate further impounding.
Deadlock on Rate.
Prior to yesterdays conferences II
was learned the commissions repre-
sentative was unwilling to go above
cents on a compromise rate. Off
cials Of the company said they would
consider something less than the IL
cents now being collected, but that
cents was out of the question.
This situation gave rise TO the pre-
dtction that the compromise scheme
probably would fail at this time.
Meanwhile accountants for the COM
mission are going ahead with the
preparation Of tentative order, in
which a new rate close to I cents
will be recommended. As soon as this
statement is ready. il Will be submit
ted to the company and made public
The commission then will announce
the date for another public hearing,
at which this new low rate will be con-
sidered.
If the reduced rate is ordered by the
commission. it viii have TO be sub
mitted To the District Supreme Court
for approval before the further re-
duction can be impounded.
Evening star., 1924-11-08
Mai. W. J. Stokes Dead.

The War Department is informed
that Maj. Wilfred J. Stokes, Army
Veterinary Corps. died at Sternburg
General Hospital, Manila, p. l., No
vember 3. He was a native of Canada
and was appointed from Illinois to
the Veterinary Corps in June, 1916.
Most of his service was in Hawaii and
the Philippines, but he had also served
in this city, San Francisco, Fort
OgIethorpe, Ga; Chicago and Fort Sill,
Oklahoma. He reached the grade Of
major in August, 1921.