Evening star., 1924-03-02
CHAPTER VII.
One-tenth of One Per Cent for the
state Department.

CHAPTER VII.
One-teDth of One Per Cent for the
State Department.
The Department of State has had
more iIlustrious names associated
with its history than have any two
other departments combined. Six
Secreta aries-Jefferso Madison. Mon
iroe, Adams, Van Buren,, Buchanan
each became President of the United
Estates. Other famous names In
American history, like Marshall,
Clay, Webster, Calhoun, Everett
J Seward. Blaine, Sherman, Hay ana
Rryan. have each occupied the dis
tinguished office of Secretary OF state.
No department is more important to
America if rightly handled. And no
danartment is more dangerous II un-
wisely managed.
The Department of State acts as
the official mouthpiece or the gov
ernment in dealing with other ma .
tions. Through this department.
other nations find out the real posi-
tion of the United states On all eaes
tions of American poicy.
The department is officered, in az
dition to the Secretary OF state, by
the undersecretary. three assistant
Isecretaries and the director OF tnS
consular service, VINO Is ol eau"'
rank with an assistant secretary.
KeepIng Track Of Diplomats.
Then comes the solicitor of the
State Department. He Is an lmpor-
tant factor in the machine. He has
eighteen principal assistants and
matters in which the department is
interested.
Next in Importance is that OF eco
nomic adviser. He has TO deal WIN
the broad questions OF internatlona!
trade. with loans to foreign govern
ments, with drafting Gin connectlon
with the solicitors office) commercial
treaties and with such questions as
those involved in the study or the i,,St on
now our national policies are deeply
involved.
| Two other important home bureaus
should be mentioned-the diplomatlC
bureau and the consular bureau. Inc
diplomatic bureau has charge OF the
records Of the personnel of the
United States diplomatic service and
of the personnel of the embassies S
and legations of other governments
sent to the United states.
the records of the personnel of the
consular service. 1t is a vast work
that is carried on by this bureau.
which deals primarily with trade and
commerce. 1t is one Of the most efn-
cient bureaus in the government
Night after night at the time OIL
the Japanese earthquake the consu- :
lar bureau remained open all night
receiving information, relieving dis
tracted families, resorting TO every
No., 81
from Honolulu, through Navy ships,
by cable-to meet the volume of anx-
, ious inquiries.
There are other divisions in the
home Office Of the Department OF
State. like the bureau of citizenshlp,
which issued 1851 passports TO
American citizens going abroad IN
1922 at SO per. and approximately
$4,000 in 1929. There is also the dl-
vision of political and economic in
formation. which collects and distrib-
utes reports from all field offices. An
other home bureau, the division OF
current information, keeps the press
of the country informed Of interna-
tional news from day to day. II re
quires 600 men and women IN the n,,
on this work. This number does not
include those engaged in the foreign
service of the Department of State.
40 Consular OnRcex.
The foreign service is divided into
two distinct branches. diplomatic and
consular. What is the difference be-
tween these? Briefly, diplomatic Off
GERS of the United States are accred-
lifted to foreign governments, while
consular officers are accredited TO
subdivisions of the foreign govern
ments. The diplomatic officers deal
directly with the officers of the for
leigh governments. The consular Off
GERS deal with the officers of the sub
!divisions, municipal and district, in
(which they are resident.
! We have diplomatic representa- tives
lin fifty-one countries of the world
| If we add up the total number of am
!basSadors, ministers, secretaries and
iclerks in this service, We find the
limited States has 62S persons in this
on the pay roll. We have
tconsular Offices in 40 cities in fifty
fseven countries of the world. To take
care of this department. requires
i2,S1S people. Now, if we add together
the number employed. both at home
land abroad. we find 4,047 persons on
the pay rolls of the Department OF
State. Seventy per cent of this num-
Der are employed in the foreign con-
sular service.
Here is the record Of that brancf,
of the service for 1929, compared with
1890: