davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

That there are American enemies of Amer ican ships might be expected because of the half-century absence of American ships from foreign trade, and the establishment of mu- tually profitable relations between certain Americans and foreign shipping lines due to such absence. But we were unprepared tor the disclosure, recently made in the senate, that certain American railroad lines are the agents of foreign steamship lines; and that the entire freight soliciting forces of such railroads are seeking to divert to foreign, and away from American ships, traffic originating upon or passing over such railroads. Flce versa, of course, the freight soliciting forces of the foreign steamship lines are used to divert to favored American railroad lines traffic subject to the influence of such for eign steamship lines.
 This information helps to explain the req son for at least some of the railroad opposl- tion to the enforcement of Section 2S or the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 that would confine to American ships alone imports and exports enjoying lower rail rates than do- mestieally carried freight enjoys
 Senator w. L. Jones, chairman of the sem ate commerce committee, presented to the senate, recently, copies of agreements between American railways and foreign steamship lines, which jointly work to divert frelgnt to edcl OJnef. A case III punt 10 PASoS'ANNNA in a quotation by Senator Jones from such an agreement between the Great Northern Railway Company and the Nippon Ausen Kabushiki Kasha, Japanese steamship line: Senator Jones showed that in Article of this agreement the Japanese line shall have the right to name the ocean rates" and the Great Northern Railroad "or its connecting lines shall have the right to name the inland rail rates" Now note the following articles in this agreement:
 Art. G. The G. N hereby agrees to act as agent in the United States and Canada for the N. Y. K, except at places where the N. r. K. provides it's own office. agent, and necessary help.
 Art T. The N. Y. K. shall pay to the G. N a commission of two and one-haf per cent. of the revenue derived by the N. I. K. on outward local cargo and passengers se- cured for the N. Y. K. through the medium of the said agencies of the said 6. N.
 Art 8. The c. N. shall give preference to the N. Y. K over all other steamer lines in the routing of cargo and passengers outbound, and preference of transportation to the through cargo and passengers which are car
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

@ REAT is democracy and the preferen- k -w tial primary is it's high priest. Once \~> every two years 1t enters the holy of holies, offers up sacrifices for the sins of representative government and sends it's scapegoat into the wilderness. We have been passing through this religious ceremony in the several states and we have again quite definitely and positively established the fact that the people do rule But there is an after math to the situation that is worth consid- ering.
 The theory of the primary was that the peO- ple had no chance to nominate the right kind of men for office under the convention sys- tenn, It was proclaimed by those who seemed afraid that the liberties of the people were being wrested from them by designing men that all of US must be given an opportunity to express our choice. In this way the free and full opinion of the people would be voiced.
 venture to say that in no campaign in recent years has the Republican party felt more keenly the necessity of arousing it's members to enthusiasm or have Democrats been more convinced that the omens were propitiOus for the success of their party. Because of the Democratic assault and the stubborn Republican defense one naturally might assume that the people would be ag- gressive, eager, enthusiastic over exercising their right which the primary protected against the boss in politics. The record is not complete, but sufficient to demonstrate the fact that only a small percentage of the voting population had enough interest in the outcome to go to the polls. The rejoicing of politicians over the success of their candi- dates was really over pluralities of a mil nority.
 In the presidential campaign of 1920 not
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
COOLIDGE FOR HARDING COURT


 Mir. Coolidge has. let Messrs. Lodge and world court plan as outlined by President Harding and as clarified by several speeches of Mir. Hughes. To be sure, there was scarcely any sensible alternative to this po- sition, for the Lodge and Pepper plan is so preposterous as to deserve attention only be- cause of the political accident that puts these men in high position and gives them each a senatorial vote on whatever plan Is finally adopted. As has been frequently stated the Democrats are ready to indorse the Harding world court, because it adopts plan already in successful operation on which is represented as judge an eminent American jurist. Further, the world court would form a link between this country and the League of Nations in which we are ulti- mately destined to acquire membership. Pres ident Coolidge and his supporters are not ready to admit this, but the Democrats are willing to take the deed for the word.
 The wonder has not yet waned that man of such intellectual reputation as Senator Lodge long enjoyed could seriously propose so ludicrous suggestion. It is still believed by many that the Massachusetts senator had some secret motive for his proposal, for he is surely too astute to be persuaded that congress would ever have the temerity to suggest to the nations of the world that they discard their accepted institutions in order to enter a new experiment of similar na- ture. Possibly the plan should be classified among the mysterious ways in which politics moves, it's absurdities to perform.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
Objects to Proposed Road Changes

To the Editor of The Age-Herald:
 l am enclosing with this letter a news article written by your local reporter, Mir. Dillon, stating the facts about a meeting held in Alexander City this week, when the power company representatives submitted to the commissioners court and citizens of this section changes in our county roads that af- fects every property owner in this section. These changes are due to the construction of the dam at Cherokee Bluffs
 The proposed changes will practically cut Alexander City off from the southern DOT tion of Tallapoosa county, northern Elmore County and southeastern Coosa county, be- sides practically killing tour main travelled route from this section of east Alabama to the capital at Montgomery. Not only that. but it will kill large portion of our trade territory south because people will not use a ferry when they are able to get tSaround it. The people in this section want bridges, not ferries, and in the meeting last week they said so in no uncertain tone. They want bridges because we have them now.
 We are not asking favors from the power company, we only want that which we are entitled to, that the roads be left in as good shape after the completion of their dam as they are now. With a ferry 3,250 feet wide as the only connecting link between the two sections the road might as well be closed. No modern highway planning has any room for ferries and we do not want them here. We have bridges now and two main roads. They propose to kill one road and give us a longer route, and leave us one ferry and no bridges. We do not think this is fair and the citizens in this section will highly ap- preciate any editorial comment in our favor
 SECRETARY CHAMBER OF COM
 MERGE.
 Alexander City. Ala, May B, 1924.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
HOW AMERICAN RAILWAYS FIGHT AMERICANSHLPS

steamship lines may be explained in the same way.
 The irony of the situation is portrayed in the brash opposition of the Japanese gov ernment to the enforcement of Section 28, as injurious to Japanese steamship linesi In contrast with the solicitude of the Japanese government for the welfare of Japanese steamship lines we have the opposition of the state department of the United States to any preferential methods being applied for the protection and maintenance of American ships in foreign trade.
 The little light on the situation shed by what is disclosed above is extremely illumi- mating. Let us hope that the senate will uncover more of this American opposition to American steamship lines, and particularly the reasons for it.-The American Economist.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

It is reported that King Emanuel of Italy has the largest coin collection in the world. This applies to variety, and has no reference to the purchasing power, which would look like abject poverty beside that of several American civilians.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
SENATOR sTERLING's MISTAKE

Senator Thomas Sterling of Montana the senate committee member who gave dis senting report from the majority approval of A resolution exonerating Senator Wheeler from any guilt in connection with the
 charges of his indictment, admitted Thurs
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

nation goes the opinion that it is impossibl' for the average man to ascertain who ii honest and who is dishonest. There is tI fear that modern politics may have reached low point in morals The danger is that the 90 per cent who do not vote may sud1 denly come to life, band themselves togethert and set out not only to throw out dishones
 officials, but to destroy the system undei which they got inr on the theory that the| system is really responsible. A ss
 In view of the general differenceg one| query which Arises is whether the people| are as anxious to pick out their candidates al the protagonists of the primary theory said they would be-, Perhaps their failure to vote| is traceable to condition of mind in whicli found myself. Believing, it to be the duty| of the citizen who has been given the priv ilege of voting to discharge that duty, rodd all night in order to reach Indianapolis onl primary day. was presented with balloq that contained so many names, the owners of which had never seen nor even heard ofl that I was simply aghast. desired to dol my duty, but faced this question Shall l vote blindly for some one I don't know, or shall fail to vote?" In the end I voted only for such of the candidates as l knew.
 Did the people who voted in the primaries that have just been held know for whom and for what they were voting? I hope they didi but doubt 1t. fear me that one-half the people pay no attention to the making of nominations and that one-half of those who participate in the primaries know nothing concerning the qualifications of the candi1 dates who offer themselves for office. I feel that in the end the Warwicks who always have stood behind the throne, will make the + kings who rule nationally and locally.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
Forum Of Tl,e People
Thanks for Pnblicity
the Editor of The Age-Herald :

To the Editor of The Age-Herald:
 At the close of very successful year the members of the Birmingham Sunday School Teachers Graded Union do most heartily thank you for your cooperation and assist ance. Making announcements and in pub fishing other matter has helped wonderfully. and your willingness in responding to our many calls is appreciated by every member.
 Cordially yours' SECRETARY.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

The political situation would be more re- assuring if some of the defeated candidates would adopt the policy of burning the bridges behind them.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

All this was sorrowful enough before the recent disclosures in Washington made it worse There is, of course, universal con demnation of crookedness in high places; that
 is the honeful sign. But with the condem
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
THE AGE-HERALD

Entered at Birmingham. Ala, post office as Dcond- class matter, act of Congress March S. 1879.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
FRIENDI,Y AGREEMENT

Comedian--Look ere I objects to goin on just after the monkey act W
 Managef-Well, perhaps, you're right. They might think you were an eneore.-- London Telegraph.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

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The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
HIs THE HONOR

Does your wife always have the last word?"
 No, indeed. have it. It's 'yes.'"-' Judpe
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25
SOME COMFORT

Even if they do broadcast the proceedings of the senate, you don't have to tune in.-- Indianapolis News.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

The annual test of the practical value of tho sheepskin will soon be in full swing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

In the presidential campaign of 1920 not more than one-half of the qualified voters of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-05-25

FREDERICK I. THOMPSON. PRESIDENT
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18

As the centuries passed, there was
great diversity in the practices Of keep
ing Lent, but from the earliest times
there was prohibition against the eat
Ing Of meat, and 1t was deemed espe-
ciauy pious to refrain from eating eggs
or fruit with hard covering. In the
beginning there was no prohibition
against the 'LRctleinia," but st. Greg
ory In writing to St. Augustine from
England laid down the rule: I'VE
abstain from flesh meat and from all
things from flesh, eggs, milk and
cheese" There were special dispen-
sations for eating these products, how
ever. and many churches were built
with the gifts for these dispanaations.
Rouen was known as THE Butter
Tower" The custom Of giving Easter
eggs, so much enjoyed by the children
OF today, arose from the prohibition OF
eggs. The eggs were blessed and Civ
en- to the children
Although in the early Middle Ages
the rules of the fast were very strict,
with only one light meal On week days
and that In the evenings, and no flesh
on Sundays. the rules began to be less
rigid little later. It became the Gus
tom to break the fast at three o'clock
In the afternoon or the period called
nome" Charlemagne is said to have
taken his Lenten repast at two O'clock
In the afternoon. Gradually the time
was moved up to midday, as nome was
y period rather than an hour, and the
repast was eventually taken at twelve
o'clock, and the word nome" Is per-
petuated In eur word moon"
The collation. was introduced In the
Ninth century when the council az
Aix-la-Chapelle sanctioned that conoes-
sion. 1t began with allowing In mo
nasteries a draught Of water to the
inmates at evening after day of la
Dor. From this the much larger indul-
gence was developed. The principle
that a small quantity Of food, but not
taken as q regular meal, did not break
the fast, was adopted by Thimas
Aquinas, the celebrated Dominican
theologian and in the course Of GEN.
turtles taking Of food not to exceed
eight ounces became recognized as a
lawful custom OF the church. 1t took
the name of collation." because 1t was
first taken In the monasteries at the
hour at which the "Collationes" of Alb
bot Cassion were read aloud to the
brethren.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18
ES&&:K

1t Is certain, however, that the ex-
amples of Noses Elias and Christ ex-
ercised great influence upon the es-
tablishment Of the Lenten season In
the Christian church, and that observ-
ance Of the period Of forty days was
evolved from their examples Modern
scholarship rejects the claim that Lent
was Of apostolic institution, although
some Of the early fathers contended
that 1t was. While the apostles tasted
at seasons and enjoined the practice
upon others. the specific Lenten OBJ
servance was evolved after apostolic
times.
In the Catholic Encyclopedias, which
Is the principal authority upon Catho-
lie history and teachings, some inter
esting facts are recited about this sea-
son, which, whatever its exact ori-
gin, has been religiously observed ev-
cry year for at least LOO years.
The word Lent itself is a Teutonic
word, which has been In use since the
AngloSaxon period, and Is generally
used in preference to the Latin term
"Quadragesima," meaning the Forty
days." The forty-day observance of
Lent" Is not mentioned by the pre-
Nicene fathers, but st. Athanasius of
Alexandria, after travelling over Eu-
rope wrote In $50 that fast was gen.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18

In modern times the Catholic church
prescribes rules more lenient, especial
ly for the working people who are not
prohibited from eating flesh meat ex-
cept on Fridays, Ash Wednesdays and
Saturday Of Holy week, and soldiers
and sailors In active service are dis
pensed from the law Of abstinence ex-
cept on Ash Wednesday, and several
other holy days.
Aside from the fasting as an OBJ
servance Of the Lenten season the
Catholic church conducts special serv-
Ices at stated times and the funda-
mental doctrines Of the church are
preached and other ceremonies carried
out. 1t Is the desire that all should
refrain from all pleasures during this
forty day period and keep their minds
and hearts upon spiritual things
The other churches that observe
Lent dispense with the fast but stress
the period as time for self-examina-
tion and prayer, and reconsecratioD
to Christ. Their members also dis
pense with ordinary worldly pleasures
during the Lenten season and observe
1t as period Of extra religious effort.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18
WOMAN JURY
SERVICE MEASURE
is DEFEATED

Boston.-By vote of lat to is
the house defeated legislation to inn
pose jury service on women. The law
was intended to change a decision by
the state supreme court which has rul-
ed that the 10Th amendment to the
federal constitution does not make the
women of Massachusetts eligible to
serve on juries. The senate rejected
the bill by three votes.
Advocates of the bill made the point
that if women are qualified to vote
they are qualified to serve on juries.
Under the state constitution this is a
service limited to registered voters.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18

rH A
lHfIHNS&sHf the Christian faith over
lK&8fI the world are at this sea-
IH$W1yKt son making preparations
z& aM for the Easter festival,
the most important occa-
sion In the Christian calendar.
"If Christ be not risen from the
dead, then is our preaching vain," said
Paul, ana the whole Christian struc-
ture rests upon the resurrection as its
foundation. Without the resurrection
the hope of humanity Is gone, for only
In living Christ is there salvation.
The death and resurrection Of Christ
are primarily involved In the keeping
Of the Lenten season, which Is observed
formally by the older branches Of the
Christian church. The different
churches vary In their practices In
the observance of the forty days pre-
ceding Easter, but the spirit prompting
the observance is the same In all.
Some of the Protestant churches do
not observe Lent but many ministers
find 1t propitious time for evangelis-
tic effort and In recent years some
very successful evangslistic campaigns
have been waged by Protestants In
the large cities during the season Of
Lent.
The history of Lent has many inter-
esting passages. The severe rules Of
the fast prescribed in the early days
have been greatly relaxed during the
centuries, as far as they apply to
physical observance,
Since the earliest times In religious
history fasting at times has been a
custom. The patriarchs had great
MORNINGS and the ancient Israepties
had devotional fasts for the expiation
of sins. Moses passed forty days on
Mount Horeb in fasting and after
Israel was defeated at Al, Joshua and
the elders remained PROSTATE before
the ark from morning until evening
without eating. Christ spent forty days
In the wilderness in fasting, but how
ever prevalent the custom 1t does not
appear that either Jewish legislation
Or Christ Himself. either by command
or example, ever designated any car-
tain period for fasting.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18
LET STATE OWN POWER

Portland, Me.-state ownership of
water power is favored by delegates
to the Central Labor Union. In an
address to the unionists, Representa-
tive Cummings said there is danger
that Names water power may be con-
trolled by private interests
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18
- AHaekeS,sah 5r~sfeyrstie,'sl

orally practiced in Europe and he en-.
Joined upon the Alexandrians to do
likewise, ito the end that while all
the world Is fasting, we who are In
Egypt should not become laughing
stock as the only people who do not
fast. but take our pleasures In these
dauo
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-04-18
HtBtnry nf Ernt
Q 8 8 o
BY Fl. L. mills

lLLLONS Of followers of
the Christian faith over
the world are at this sea-
son making preparations
for the Easter festival,
xA0 ,>..x fkA
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1924-10-01
DEATH AND DESTRUCTION IN
WAKE OF WISCONSIN STORM

st. Paul-Partial restoration Of wire
communication gradually increased the
known toll of the storm in Wisconsin
Sept. q, and at noon Sept. %, the cas-
ualties stood at 80 dead and scores in
jured, with immense property damage
reported.
This toll was taken in several scat
tered sections, reports received here
showed, while tangled wires continued
to isolate some districts, prompting the
fear that further deaths might be re-
ported when communications became
normal.
The following points in Wisconsin
have reported deaths:
COuderay, 8.
Chippewa Falls. 81.
ONEIDA, 8.
Ashland, 6.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1924-10-01
Explorer M Home

WiscasSpt. Misunderstanding from
his 15-months expedition to northern
Greenland, Capt. Donald Macmillan.
arctic explorer, and his six companions
set foot on the mainland Of the United
States Sept. 20 for the first time since
he left this port a year ago last June.
Leaving MOhegan island where he
passed the night after his arrival at
nightfall. Captain Macmillan brought
his auxiliary schooner, B0wdOin. to the
entrance Of the Sheepscot river in the
forenoon. Escorted by a large number
of boats, the BOwdOin proceeded up the
river to WiscasSet.
This port. which Macmillan has made
his base for two of his eight expedi-
tons into the arctic, has planned an
elaborate welcome for the returning
explorer and his party.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1924-10-01
Celebrates 114th Birthday

New YOrk-When Mrs. May Urdang
celebrated her one hundred and four-
teenth birthday Sept. 10 in the Harlem
home OF the Daughters of Israel, among
those taking part in the jOlification
were her young brother of 100 years,
and her "boy" who is just 50.
She was born in Riga. Her memory
goes back to kings, queens and empires
long ago departed, and she delights to
talk about them and to learn about
present day p~ersonages by having
newspapers read to her.
Her c~entenarian brother, who often
visits her, she regards as n "mere strip
ling and often gives him the benefit
of her sisterly advice. She lives most.
ly on bread, cereals, soups and coffee