davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-03-30

refusing to answer questions, butsde4
murrer to the indictment was sus-
tanned by Justice Bradley upon
grounds similar to those set forth in
his opinion in the Searles case.
From these cases it may be con-
cluded that the courts have decided
that Congress has the power to sum
mon and compel witnesses to testify
so long as the inquiry is within the
Jurisdiction of Congress, and so long
as the questions are pertinent to the
subject of inquiry. The Supreme
Court has decided only on the validity
of the statute, and il confined it's de-
cision to the individual case of Chap
man. No broad definition of the ju@
risdiction of a congressional commit.
tee under the Revised Statutes has
ever been given.
Mr.. Sinclair's counsel have chsl.
lenged anew, however. the validity Of
the statute They also contend thai
the matter under inquiry was in the
courts, the judicial branch of the gov
ernment, and that Congress, the legis-
lative branch of the government and
confined in its judicial powers by the
Constitution had nothing more to do.
with it. :
Evening star., 1924-03-30

Continued from First Page.)
ton to show that it made no direct
mention OF the American Sugar Re-
fining Company's actions in contrib
uting money for campaign purposes,
and as the committees inquiry was
not directed toward examining the
expenditures of the sugar company,
the questions were not relevant.
Others Who Won Cases.
There was another reported case
that of John H. Shriver, a newspaper
correspondent, who declined to an
swer questions in the same inquiry.
He was indicted, but Justice Bradley
directed a verdict for the defendant,
one of the reasons for his acquittal
being that he had not been duly
summoned, but had appeared volun-
tarily before the committee.
John W. Mccartney. a Washingto
broker, who was also indicted in con-
nection with the sugar investigation,
was more fortunate than Chapman.
A verdict in his favor was directed
by Justice Bradley on technical
points. Henry H. Havemeyer, presi-
dent of the American Sugar REIN
ing Company also was indicted for
Evening star., 1924-03-30
France Sees New Warrant
On Germany in Dawes Plans

both should and could pay. proper
tionateIy as largely in taxation due
to war costs as her victims.
The gravest problem of the COM
mission grows out of the necessity
to find a formula which will satisfy
the realities of the situation both in
France and in Germany. They be-
lieve that they have found it, found
it through this expedient of equality
in taxation, for the Frenchman will
no longer see himself at once the
victim and the victor, staggering
under the burden incident to paying
for the war and the devastations of
the war, while his assailant escapes
German will not see himself alone
or more heavily taxed than his con-
querors, cannot regard himself as an
enslaved creature.
Commission a Promise.
But this is. after all, a side issue
at the moment. What I should like
to make clear is that the Frenchman
presently came to appreciate that the
Dawes commission, SO far from being
menace, was in reality a promise
He saw. that German capacity to pay
was going to be fixed in accordance
with the facts and not with the self
ish interests of any nation. He came
to have real faith in the commission
and saw that it's findings would not
only bear out many of his own con-
tentions, but put him in a position to
profit, either directly by payment or
indirectly by receiving an interna-
tional Endorsement of claims which
he might later seek to enforce by
arms in the Ruhr or elsewhere
The Frenchman does not expect the
Dawes report to end the German
problem; he does not believe that all
will be settled when all has been
agreed upon, but he does believe that
nothing would ever be possible If
there were not some preliminary In
ternational agreement upon facts.
The Paris peace conference five years
ago gave moral Endorsement to his
claim for reparations, but 1t did not
and could not estimate how much of
what Germany ought to pay she
could pay and thus ultimately
brought him into conflict with his
allies when he set out to collect by
force from a recalcitrant Germany
Today he believes the Dawes report,
when unanimously adopted by the
reparations commission, will supple
ment the Paris decisions, supply pre-
cisely what the Versailles treaty
lacked. i. .@st.
In a word, he believes he is going
to get an economic warrant to add
to his legal and moral warrants sup
piled by the other treaty. :. =,
Copyright, 1924, by the Mcclure Newspaper
- Syndicate.) .Ass ysf
Evening star., 1924-03-30

Everest. A. grand base will be es-
tablished in the valley and there
after an Alpine base at the North
Col at d height of $4,000 feet.
The huge British Amphibian ma :
chine which, under. the command. of
Squadron Leader A. Stuart MacLaren.
is attempting to circumvolate the
globe took off from Southampton,
England, at noon on March 25. On the
2Sth it had reached Rome.
France.-On March 26 Premier
Poincare and his cabinet resigned.
The chamber that day was discuss
ing Poincare's pension bill. framed to
accord with his general scheme of
retrenchment., Poincare was absent
from the chamber. being represented
by his minister of finance. OF the o11
deputies, only eighty were present,
but most OF the absent ones had left
proxies. A proposal came from the left
to substitute for Poincare's bill a bill
pensions total exceeding that of
Poincare's bill by two billion francs.
Poincares representative insisted
that the proposal be made a question
of confidence. 1t was and the result
/ of the vote was announced as de-
ifeat for the government.
Poincare was at once informed and
he straightway submitted his resig-
nation. Poincare consented to form
| a new cabinet, greatly strengthened
in confidence and prestige by. the
striking evidence of general dismay
at the prospect of his retirement. II
| is obvious how success of the fraud
might sensibly have altered world
history. OF the eleven ministers be-
sides Poincare. only two, Maginot
g-A 0f -
minister of public works, were mem
bers of the late cabinet. having been
more intimately and heartily than
any others associated with Polncare
in the enforcement Of hts Ruhr policy.
These two are known as the Runr
men,"
The list of new ministers follows
Premier and minister of foreign al
fairs-Raymond Poincare.
Minister of justice-Edmond du
Minister of the interior-Justin de
Minister of finance-F'rederic Fran
co.'s Marsal.
Minister of war-Andre Maginot. -.
Minister of public works-1ves LIE
Minister of commerce, post and
telegraphs-Louis Loucheur.
Minister of labor and health-Dan-
iel Vincent.
minister OIL PUBIC eouCdIioi iAeui
de Jouvenel
Minister of colonies-Jean Fabry.
Minister of marine-Maurice Boka-
nowski
Minister of agriculture-Deputy
Capus.
X x \ X
Germany.-The German national
peoples party has announced its pro-
gram in view of the coming elections
and it is some program" 1t calls
for restoration of the kaiser, repudi-
alton of the versailn Is treaty, revival
Evening star., 1924-03-30

CONTINUED from First Page.)
Now, of course, there are two prob
lens presented; First. will the French
accept the Dawes commission report? !?
Second, will the Germans? Bait if
the French do and the Germans don't,
then the tactical position of France
is enormously benefited, for France
will have met the criticism that she
has been seeking 2ot reparationS. but
German ruin. AS for the Germans,
if thes- refuse the terms, then they
will stand convicted OF deliberate
evasion. No matter what happens
after that, they cannot come to court
with clean hands and they can expect
neither sympathy nor help from
Britain or the United States.
officially, the French government is
optimistic, because it believes that if
the report is unanimous and is also
unanimously accepted by the repara-
tions commission, Germany will pay,
but they are also optimistic because
they recognize that If Germany re-
fuses to pay, France is at last le
gally as well as morally armed; her
allies must thereafter either join her
in the exercise of coercion, or, stand
ing aside, let her exercise it in her
own way, for this coercion Will all OF
il. be directed to the collection of
sums which the representatives of
Belgium, Britain and Italy, as well
as the unofficial Americans, have said
were possible.
No FixatiOn of Sums.
Actually, of course, there IS not
going to be any fxation of sums.
The German annual budget must car
ry an amount equal to that carried
by those of other countries for debt
that is, if 80 per cent of the French
taxation is for war burdens (actually,
] believe, it is much larger) Ger
manys budget must carry 80 per
cent. But in Germany's case, since
Germany has, in fact, repudiated her
, war debts-her domestic war debts
this so per cent will go to the repa-
rations account.
Germany will not, as consequence,
be able to allege that she is being
treated as an enslaved country work
ing for foreign masters, since her
people will be paying no more than
the French or the British, whereas,
if Germany escaped payment. while
the other nations had to bear the
burdens of taxation. her economic ad-
vantage would be enormous, while
the obvious immortality would nat
ura1ly insure French protest by arms
as well as by words. Moreover, even
The Germans were not able to find
an argument to meet the assertions
Of the commissioners that Germany
Evening star., 1924-03-30
Wants Congress to Get
Busy on Legislation

President. Coolidge is endeavoring
to induce Congress to proceed to busi-
ness and not devote virtually all its
attention and energies to investiga-
tions. That does not mean that the
Investigations should be neglected,
but they can be carried on as they
should be carried on without holding
up the business of the United States.
Thus far Congress has accomplished
very little and that little it might bet
ter not have done. 1t has muddled
with tax reduction and it has passed
a bonus bill. 1t has played politics
instead of transacting business. The
best politics it can play now Is to pro-
ceed to work.-Albany News.
Evening star., 1924-03-30
The Story the Week Has Told

a joint resolution proposing a con-
stitutional amendment which would
give Congress the power to deal with
the question of child labor. e.,
the labor of persons under eighteen
years of age-haS been favorably re-
ported by the House judiciary COM
mittee.
At the request of the President,
Harry NJ. Daugherty has resigned as
Attorney General.
= =
MfscelIaneouS.-W.P p. G. Harding of
our Federal Reserve Board has been
compelled by i'll health to decline the
invitation to be commissioner gem
eral under the league of nations to
direct the execution of the league
plan for the fiscal and financial re-
habilitation of Hungary.
There is going to be fun when the
British and Russian representatives
meet in London to frame a treaty. 1t
is reported that the British govern
ment has presented to Moscow claims
totaling about billion pounds, but
that jolly Moscow proposes to come
back with larger bill against London
upon the account of the Murmansk
support of Deniken, etc.
The Angora assembly contrasts (the
reader may supply a qualifying adjec
tive to his taste) with the British and
American legislatures.
The naval budget is submitted. The
assembly proceeds to double it.
Caliph Hussein U take it that he's
really caliph of Araby. at least) is re-
ported as declaring that he's out for
fight to a finish with political
Zionism," and that he proposes to call
on all Islam to furnish him financial,
political and moral support" in the
business. and military" your holi-
ness? Now what are the thoughts
of the Zionists in this connection, and
of Mr.. Macdonald?
1t is reported that the Persian maj
lis of parliament has depoSed Ahmed
Mira and proclaimed his <two-year-
old son shah. The principal charge
against the father was that of alb
senteeiSm.
Evening star., 1924-03-30

of the old military system, denuncia-
ton of the lies about Germany's war
guilt" reconstruction of Germany on
Bismarchian lines, and finis to Jew
ish power and influence.
The monarchists of Munich have
manifested with like -ferocity. The
extreme right wing of the people s
party, the party of Stresemann and
the industrial magnates (whether as
bloc within that party or as a
separate party does not appear). has
come out for the kaiser. SHINES Is
of this persuasion.
On March "a the United States
House of Repr resentatives passed, 24o
to 81, a resolution proposing an ap-
chase of food supplies for relief of
German women and children, the pur-
chases to be made in the United
States.
Greeee.-On March "a the Greek
constituent assembly gave a vote of
confidence to the new cabinet headed
by the republican leader, NJ. Papa
nastasion. The next day (the 103rd
anniversary of the first step in the
movement which resulted in Greek
independence) the assembly resolved
In substance as 1OllOWS.
That the house of Gluecksburg is
dethroned and it's members are for
hidden to reside on Greek soil, that
Greece is declared a republic, sub
ject to ratification by a plebiScite to
gent, Admiral Konduriotis, is author
ized and requested to carry on" as
heretofore, pending completion of a
constitution and establishment of a
machinery of government pursuant
thereto.
The Athenians, of course, received
the announcement with tumultuous
joy, but it remains to see what the
peasants will have to say on April 3.
X X \
United States Of fAmeriea.-On March
81 the House unanimously adopted an
amendment to the naval appropriation
bill requesting the President to ne
gotiate with the governments of
Great Britain, Japan, France and
Italy with a view to Limitation of
construction of fighting aircraft and
of all types of surface and sub
surface warcraft not subject to Iimi-
ence naval treaty.
The Senate has passed, by a hand
some margin above the required two
thirds majority. a joint resolution
proposing~a constitutional amendment
which would, roughly stated, have
the following effects in chief:
The terms of President and Vice
President to begin on the third Mon
day of the January following their
election. Terms of senators and rep
resentatives to begin on the first
Monday in January of the year fol-
lowing election in each case. A
new Congress to meet on the first
Monday in the January following an
election;
Evening star., 1924-03-30
BY HENRY ". BUM.

The following is brief summary
of the most important news of the
world for the seven days ended
March 90:
The British Empire.-On March 25
the decision Of the labor government
to chuck the project of naval base
at Singapore was approved by the
commons by a majority of 76, most
of the liberals voting with the labor
members.
of the proposed base would contra
vene the spirit of the Washington
agreements; at least, they contended
the project should be suspended
pending Developments from the pro-
posal of the American House of Rep
resentatives looking to further limi-
tation of armaments.
Conservative speakers fiercely at
tackled the decision, arguing the
policy and expressing fear lest the
decision seriously prejudice intra-
imperial relations. the chief repre-
sentatives of the outlying common
conference of premiers, having re-
Gently given their collective voice for
the project.
The premiers of New Zealand and
Australia have bitterly deprecated
the decision, the latter as follows:
ITO the. active support, backed by
its prestige and strength, of the Brit
ish empire, has been due the measure
of success which has been achieved
by the league of nations since its
inception. Our strength relative to
the other great powers has been the
basis of the influence for peace which
we have welded, and that strength
depended mainly on the British navy,
ITS power and mobility. We are con-
vinced that a base in the Pacific is
imperative for that mobility.
The existence and prestige of the
empire will be imperiled without 1t.
We believe that such a result would
be menace to the peace of the
world and a fatal blow to the league
of nations" .---s
The situation in Ireland consequent
upon the army mutinies is develop
ing obscurely. Mr.. McGrath. minister
member of dali deputies. have re-
signed, apparently out of a sympathy
with the mutineer officers. which
could not be satisfied short of their
mutineers is about 100. AS inter
prot the dispatches the government
offered honorable discharges to those
who would surrender and resign, of
which oner perhaps half have availed
themselves; the remainder, I take
1t are to be simply dropped from
the rolls without a taint or prejudice
to their civil status.
The British expedition to scale
Mount Everest. led by Brig. Gen. c.
G. Bruce, left Dar5eeling, British In
dia, near the Tibetan border, on
March IS. 1t is moving north up
the road to Lhasa-; Where that road
turns sharply east, the expedition
will turn westward until it reaches
the Rongbuk valley, north OF Mount
Evening star., 1924-03-30

peal, for Congress, being made up of
to say no, planned to make saying no
fairly easy for him.
He's the boss. No one can over
rule or override him. If he is caught
in skulduggery he can be impeached,
of course, but no one can shake
threats at him so long as he does his
duty.
once Created in 1921.
Meanwhile the departments are abb
solutely honey-combed with enthus-
lasts who have been whipping the
financial devil around the account
ancy stump. for years. Whenever
they needed money they found some
way to wangle it out of the Treas
ury, until the Office of controller
general was created in 1921. Since
then they haven't found any way at
all.
In one of the departments-Im pur-
posely making this vague rs possible
there is a rule that employees who
cannot account for funds intrusted
to them may be cleared by state
ment from the department head. The
plan was a good one. 1t sometimes
happens that an employe loses gov
ernment funds, for which in the strict
letter of the law he is responsible.
Yet the loss was through no fault
of his. 1t is obviously unfair that he
should be called on TO pay, and yet
the law requires that of him. Hence
the rule. Well, there is a case in
which an employe lost $4,000 play
ing poker He was found guilty of
embezzIement by departmental
ronrt
Evening star., 1924-03-30

one in it is honest and one-tracked
and earnest-eyed. mind you. No
grating or extravaganza at all. The
money was carefully spent for good
end. But il wasn't the cockroach
mans money to spend. Hence he
must put il back. That's the law.
McCarl is the case hardened and cold
drawn embodiment of the law.
But" says the cockroach man. and
goes on to prove everything. The
money was well spent. more should
have been spent, 40 one got a dirty
nickel out of ii, if it had not been
spent billions of cockroaches would
right now be chalking out quarters
on Capitol Hill. McCarl does not
bother to discuss this phase of the
case. He may, privately, admit all
that is said. Only the law had not
provided that the cockroacher should
be put back. -
No Appeal From His Decisions.
I'VE will appeal to the Attorney
General" is one of the first things
the aggrieved cockroach mans chief
usually says.
Well, that's all right, too. But the
appeal is just exactly no good at all.
McCarl doesn't care how many ap-
peals are made to the Attorney Gen
eral. Or to the President of the
United States, for that matter. The
law provides that the controller
general of the United States shall be
the sole judge of his own actions.
There is no appeal, except to himself.
He is in Office and irremovable for
fifteen years. He is insulated from
any form of personal or political ap-
Evening star., 1924-03-30


is getting too near the king
row.. let US say that the head
Of a bureau-any head Of bureau
said:
'T passionately dissent from your
ruling. Mr.. McCarl. You are a ty-
rant and a spoil-sport and, anyhow,
this is none of your business. YOU
have no authority to interfere with
the manner In which / conduct my
department"
1t is almost certain that Controller
General ]. Raymond McCarl grin
ned Not laughed. He Is quieS
easy going, soft-spoken, hard-headed,
iron headed person who looks like Il
Catholic priest but isn't. He does not
waste time in laughing. A grin is
just as expressive. takes less energy
and can be put through in less than
one twenty-fifth of the time. as shown
by tests. What he said to the cabi-
net officer or the bureau head was,
wrapped up nearly in phrase:
Il am not interfering with the con-
duct of affairs in your department.
mot. When Congress enacts law
giving you that money you get it..
Not until"
1 used to think that the director
of the budget was the best hated
man In Washington by the men of
the executive departments. That was
because he and his aides go gal
umphing through the departmental
records, trying. and usually succeed
| ing in proving that any department
can be run at, a great deal less cost
/ than the past or present head will
McCarl is the best hated. He is the
man who catches the departmental
executives at their little tricks. No
man likes TO be caught at little
! trick.
! That sounds as though the depart
mental executives are coming in
! for a padding. On the other hand,
l admire most of them beyond meas
ure. The reason why they try to
gouge sums out of the United States
Treas sury to which their departments s
or bureaus are not entitled Is because
they are enthusiastic. two-fisted. fire.
eyed lovers Of their particular jobs.
High Cost of Cockroach Killing.
The man who is intrusted with the
task of seeing that the wagele-ta tailed
cockroach shall not propagate un-
reasonably feels that his assignment
lis the important one of his generation.
He would sink the Army and Navy,
burn up Teapot Dome and sell the
national parks to put crimp in the
cockroach's amorous activities. He
always needs more money. All de-
partmental executives alw avs do. But
Congress says that the cost of cock
roach killing he held in certain
bounds.
Here's a way out" the. cockroach
killer says to, himself.
He finds a neat little way in which
a little more money can be secured
for his little job, hidden under d neat
little blanket of subterfuge. And he
gets the money. because the disburs-
ing officer OF his department is in
sympathy with him. or does not know
any better. Naturally he spends the
money. Then, in the fullness of time,
the account comes before Controller
General McCarl, who is the only
watchdog the United States Treasury
ever had. and can come mighty near
proving il.
Illegal Bat Not Dishonest.
That isn't legal says McCarl.
You had no authority to draw and
spend that money. You must put it
back in the Treasury"
This isn't fancy case. Or if it
is, that sort of fancy case comes be-
fore McCarl almost every day. Every
Evening star., 1924-03-30

NEMIES of Premier Poincare of
. France during the week just
closed won a startling victory
Evening star., 1924-03-30

Continued from First Page.)
Evening star., 1924-03-30
BY HERBEnT COREY.

HHE cabinet officer said-aimost
any cabinet officer-or. IL that
is getting too near the king
row. let US say that the head
Evening star., 1924-03-30
Powers of Congressional
Inquiries Yet Underlined

Continued from First PaseD
Evening star., 1924-03-30
Illegal But Not Dishonest.

That isn't legal" says McCarl.
You had no authority to draw and
spend that money. You must put it
back in the Treasury"
This isn't a fancy case. Or if it
is, that sort of fancy case comes be-
fore McCarl almost every day. Every
Evening star., 1924-03-30
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

HE Senate committee on agri-
culture, and then the Senate
itself. will be called upon in a
Evening star., 1924-03-30

Germany.-The German national
peoples party has announced its pro-
gram in view of the coming elections
and it is some program" 1t calls
for restoration of the kaiser, repudi-
alton of the Versailles treaty, revival
Evening star., 1924-03-30

The following is brief summary
of the most important news of the
world for the seven days ended
March 90: