davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1924-05-11

Six Typewriters Are Kept Busy
AT Receiving End

The invention OF the new loaded
cable has given new lease Of life TO
|trans-oceanic wire communication, and
insured the world cable system against
ruinous radio competition for long
time to come. The new method speeds
up the message so that six typewriters
are kept busy at the receiving end. As
a result, orders have been given for the
laying Of new 2.300-miIe cable from
Hammers station, New York, to Fayal,
in the Azores.
APermalloyr is the new wonder
worker. This new alloy, developed
along the Hle of previous researches
by Heav;ssae, Pupin and Krarup, sur
rounds The cable wire. The result has
been to put new kick" in the tired
waves, wkieh went flat" and fouled
each other This process, called load
ing gives the cable more inductance--
opposing the building up of an electric
eurrentrbut once established, clean
cut current is kept flowing. (
The test which led to the decision
to build the new cable was made near
Bermuda, after many previous expert
Iments- Although hurricane inter-
vened, the experimental cable, 40 miles
long, was successfully laid. Az both
ends had to be available to the opera
tors, it was necessary to lay 1t in q
loop. This location was chosen be-
cause Of the requirement for deep water.
The triumph Of years Of research was
proclaimed when the swift circuit of
waves, a mile and a half under the sea
no longer flat and no longer fouling
each other-flashed the message Of an
other scientific victory.
The new cable viii connect with an
other cable to Italy. thus greatly facil-
itating Communication with southern
Europe It win multiply by four times
the speed Of cable transmission and
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1924-05-11

hours and fifty minutes the tidal cur
rent swings the vessel I'M a complete
ellipse- The current seems to change
its direction continually. so that in a
period of twelve and a half hours, it
sets toward every point Of the COM
pass Evidently the tide does not 90
straight out and back. but loses itself
in rotary motion The vertical rise
and fan OF the tide In the open sea is
slight-Youth's Companion
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1924-05-11
WHEN THE TIDE is 0Ur

The age-old question what becomes
of the tides in the open sea has led
men of science to observe the ocean
currents from the Nantucket Shoals
light-vessel, which anchored in twenty
nine fathoms of water 10 miles from
land, and which, riding to a long cable.
is free to swing with current and wind.
Twice is a lunar day of twenty-four
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1924-05-11
Service That Satisfies" ---E1
Vesta Batteries
cost LESS PER MONTH OF SERVICE

OOSI LESoo FEE< NUMB OF oEFNVIGE.
naturally VETA battery
demonstrated that fact during the long time has been sold here
VESTA wish However, doesn't
what make battery beve simply the
conscientious your specific requires.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1924-05-11
One-Day Charging System

We have installed CONSTANT POTENTIAL
With this outfit which The latest method the Market
charge battery ONE DAY This enables fully charge
battery day and affords The
what you'd expect from "Serviee shaf Satisfies"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1924-05-11
F r
Or,eGanon
TIO ENE
Motor Oil

With the purchase of five gallons of gaso-
line ON Monday, we will give FREE one
gallon of TIoLENE Motor Oil. The only
condition being that we drain your
crankcase and ill UP with new TiOIene.
We believe Tiolene is the best motor oil
on the market and want tOdemonstrate
its superiority do this i must not be
mixed with inferior or brOken-down oil.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
KIWANIS ENTERTAINS BE-
LINGTON

The Kiwanis Club had represen-
tation of Belington business men
with them at their luncheon last Fri
day
The object was to exchange ideas
as to the best interests of both Bar
bcur county towns, and there was the
best of feeling prevailing.
Those present from our sister city
were Chas. H. Jones, B. B. Rohr-
Dough, Grant Graham, Walter Crisis.
George Cain Fred Thompson, J. l..
Ernest, w. w. Thomas and Landlord
Hickman of the Luzerne.
1t was a delight to have these men
with us and we hope to have more
of the Belington men with us later
The Barbour Democrat
The invitation is also extended by
Belington Chamber Of Commerce to
our Philippi friends to pay us visit.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
1oo-FOoT DROP OF CAR FATAL

Bluefield, W. Va. Jan I'D. E.
Blankship, Of Cafes Mcdowell Co.
employed as butcher for the Fall
River Coal Company, at Roderfield,
was killed early tonight when his car
which he was driving, went over a
hundred foot embankment and land
ed in the swollen water of Tug river.
Blankenship was carried with the
machine into the river but. was res
cued in time to prevent his drowning.
He died while being rushed to the
Miners hospital at WEIGH. Only one
seat of the machine had been recov-
cred late tonight, the swollen waters
having washed it down stream. Blan-
kenship was 40 years old and mar
ried.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
NATHAN BAY SCOTT
DIES AT WASHINGTON
Was Prominent in Republican Poll.
tics and Close Friend of William
B. Mckinley.

WASHINGTON, Jan. g. Nathan
Bay Scott, former United States
senator from West Virginia, and pres
ideiit of the Continental Trust COM
pany, in this city, died today after
an illness Of several weeks. He was
83 years of age.
Before being elected to the SEN
ate. in which he served two terms,
from 1899 to 1911, former Senator
Scott served several terms in the
West Virginia State Senate. He
was Republican national committee
man from that state from 1886 to
1912 serving much Of that time on
the executive committee. just be-
fore taking his seat in the Office of
United States senate he held the of
flee of collector Of internal revenue
for year.
Born in Guernsey county, Ohio, in
1841. the former senator served In
the Union Army during the Civil
War and later settled in Wheeling,
where he engaged in the manufacture
of glass. He was vide-president
of the Dollar Savings and Trust COM
pany in Washington after leaving
the senate. He has resided here since
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
BECKLEY FIRE CAUSES
LOSS OF NEAR $125,00e

BECKLEY, w. Va, Jan. 2.-The
Lyric Theatre and two adjoining
stores were destroyed and two per-
sons injured in an early morning fife
today causing an estimated loss of
1926 900. Guests at the Commercial
hotel thinly clad, were driven into the
wintry blasts when the hotel was
threatened, but local firemen with
the aid Of the Mount Hope depart
ment checked the spread Of the
flames. The fire was discovered in
the basement Of the threatre shortly
after l o'clock by G. c. Hedrick, cash
Ter of the Raleigh County Bank.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
TRIES TO GET s100 FROM BE-
LINGTON BANK BY USING
T. E. WILLIAMSON'S NAME

A man registering at the Del Monte
Hotel in Elkins last Friday as Will
liam Lewis of Shinnston, attempted
to pull $500 from the bank account Of
t. E. Williamson in Belington, by
sending to the Citizens National Bank
telegram requesting the bank to
send on the morning mail cashiers
check for $500, and about the time the
cashier received the message, 7. Il.
Williamson stepped into the bank, and
was asked when he came beck to
town, whereupon Mr.. Williamson be-
gan to ask questions, and it developed
that he knew nothing of the message,
then being shown the telegram, the
men got basy and notified Sheriff
Keim's office at Elkins.
Officers from the sheriff's-head-
quarters came to the Elkins post Of
flee, after receiving the Tip" from
Belington and watched, about 4 o.
clock in the afternoon, when boy BY
the name of Collett came to the gen.
eral delivery window and called for
mail for "T. 4. Williamson" Officers
ask him and found man had sent
the boy to get his mail, giving a quar-
ter do so. They then found the man
and put him under arrest, who was
later identified by the women in the
Telegraph office as the man signing
his name as at. E. Williamson" At
first he denied the charge and said
he was rot the man, but the next day
he decided to confess and said he was
the guilty party, and that he wanted
to go back and confess to a similar act
in Cattlettsburg, KY, where he re-
ceived $1g0 by working the same
scheme there. 1t is quite likely he
will be given a term in the State Pris-
on, if not in some Federal prison.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
War Hero ReqaIns Eight.

New York Threatened with
blindness from mustard gas polls
onang received in the war. Donald p.
Centner, whose book of poems, Cob
blestones," won prize at Columbia
University, sailed last October on his
honeymoon to visit the battlefields
where he had been injured.
He returned on the Cedric with his
bride, formerly Miss Mary Steele, Of
North Carolina, his sight almost fully
restored, and the danger Of blindness
averted. The cure, he said, had been
effected in Paris.
Informed six months ago that he
was facing blindness, the young poet
sought to break his engagement, he
said, but Miss Steele refused to per-
NIT 1t.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
ED. II. COMPTON DEAD

Ed. II. Compton died at the home of
his daughter, Mrs. George Hines, Jan.
LIST at Moatsville, after an illness Of
about one month, from paralysis. He
was a former County Clerk Of this
county, business man and farmer
near Moatsville for several years, but
at the time of his death lived in Tay-
lor county.
Funeral will be held Friday at
Moatsville, and interment made at the
England Cemetery.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
MRS. BROWN ENTERS RACE

Washington DC. Jan. II An
nouncement that Mrs Izetta Jewel
Brown would be candidate for the
Democratic nomination for United
States senator in West Virginia, this
year, was made here today.
In statement tc the papers today
she said:
thousands Of you proved your
faith in me when against apparently
long odds you cast your vote for me
in 1922. / want to prove my faith
in our enduring, mutual ideals OF
service to our state and nation. In
this spirit l again submit my name
for the Democratic nomination forthe
u. S. Senate"
Last week former Senator William
E. Chiffon, of Kanawha county, an
nounced his candidacy for the senate
in the coming May Democratic prim-
airy. Mrs. Brown was candidate for
the senatorial nomination in the De-
mocratic primary of 1922, but was
decisively defeated by the present M.
M. Nicely who won the election the
following November against the Re-
publican nominee, Howard Sutherland
COMPOSER DIES IN ENC LAND
NEW TRENTHARD, Eng, Jan. 2
The Rev. Sabine Barring Gould,
English author and novelist, who
composed Onward Christian Sol
sdier' and other noted hymns died to-
day. He would have been 80 years
old the 18th of January.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
ACCUSED NINE LEADERS
TO GIVE BOND

Charleston, w. Va Jan. 1.-Offic-
ials of District II, United Mine Work
ers, who are principals in the trials
growing out of the armed march Oh
union miners the Logan county in ly-
21, will go to Fayetteville tomorrow
to post bond for their appearance Tor
trial at later date in the term. In
cluded among those who will appear
will be C. Frank Keeney and Fred
Mooney, president and secretary res
pectively of the district, and William
Blizzard, president of Sub-District
2 Of District II.
According to a recent statement by
George Love, prosecuting attorney OF
Fayette county the trials of the mine
officials will be started February IL,
at the close of the regular January
term of circuit court.
The state will be represented at
the court session tomorrow by Pro-
secutor Love, A. M Belcher, of Char
lesion: Col. G. w. Osenton of Fay
etteville, and John Chafin, prescott
ing attorney for Logan county.
The so-called armed march cases
were taken to Fayetteville on a
change of venue rom Greenbrier GO.
in November, when the defendants
allege that convictions growing out
of alleged illegal practices at the pre-
vious trial of William Blizzard had
made an impartial trial impossible
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
HoRTICULTURIsTs TO MEET

The West Virginia horticultural
Society will hold its thirty-first an
nual meeting in Martinsburg, Berke-
ley County, West Virginia, February
TS,l end 9Th, 1924.
All persons interested in Horticul-
ture, directly or Indirectly, are in
vited to attend the meeting, and
join the Society by paying the an
,nual dues of two dollars.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
s7s,ooo,OOo FOR PHONE SERVICE

All records for telephone construc-
ton in the territory served by the
New York Telephone Company were
broken in 1923, which witnessed
gross expenditure OF $79,000,000. This
amount was unprecedent in any pre-
vious year.
In New York City now there are
more than 1,175,O00 telephones served
by 1923 central offices, as compared
with 1,071,s50 telephones served by
ia central offices year ago.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
Kills TWO Garage Burglars

Brockport, N. Y. Edward A.
Copeman. world war veteran and
proprietor of garage, kept nightly
vigil for a month because burglars
robbed him of $500 He slept in the
garage with an army rifle and pistol
at his side. Burglars came to the
garage again, Copeman killed two OF
them and two escaped, with rifle bull
lets plunking into the rear OF their
automobile They were rounded up
by deputy sheriffs later.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
Finds Brother Dead in Road.

Elizabeth, NJ J. Detective Ser
geant Joseph Daniels, Of the Lin
den police, was driving along the road
outside Of the town, when he saw the
body of man lying in the roadway.
He stopped, turned his dashlight on
the mans face and found that 1t was
his brother, Casper, 10 ears old, also
CT Linden. He had been killed by an
automobile. Efforts to find the owner
OF the car were made without result.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
Kicks Wife to Death.

Providence, r. l. = Ernest Fon-
tame, Warren, was arrested by
the police of that town, charged with
beating and kicking his wife to death
in the street In front Of their home
on Ellis avenue. 1t is believed he had
gone suddenly insane. Mrs. Fontaine
and her husband hdu quarrelled VIC
lently earlier In the evening. Their
alteration continued after they had
retired.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03
ROMACE OF THE
TYPESETTING MACHINE
History of Slug Casting Machine
Reveals Development of Genius At
ter Pioneers Had Met Disaster and
Failure.

All the readers of The Belington
Progressive must be familiar with
many modern wonders Of science and
engineering. We read about trans
continental and trans-oceanic radio
broadcasting. We read about man
made lightning, and man-made rain.
we read about ships which travel sew
! eral miles per minute; about ships
which travel on sea without human
hands to guide them; about ships
which travel beneath the sea, enor-
NOUS steel fish, endowed with hui
man intelligence an terrible powers
of destruction.
We read about these marvels but
!, little do we realize that the newspaper
Il itself one of the greatest marvels
of all.
Disregaring for the present the
world wide activities en-
played in gathering news, let US
consider some of the problems in
gathering news, let US consider some
Of the problems involved in producing
the closely printed pages OF news
paper.
Each paper contains from several
bunred thousand to several million
letters, punctuation marks, figures
spaces all arranged in words and
sentences to make Ineligible read
ing matter All of these millions of
characters must be assembled IN pro-
per order within few hours. To do
it by hand would require several hum
bred skillful workers. And so the
work is one with machines-typeset-
I ing machines.
= Turning for moment to the days
before printing was invented, we
know that all written language was
PRODUCED with great labor by hand
sxE,ven the Greek and Roman nations
N highly developed as they were in
the expression of thought, had no
mechanical means of producing their
literary masterpieces in form for
reading. Every copy of every docu-
ment was made by hand. All the
labor in the world could not produce
o,,r modern bulk of written languages
by the Greek and Roman methods.
Later printing was invented, first
nv means of carved wooden blocks,
then with separate letters made. OF
coed. and finally with metal type,
vhich is still used today for some
kinds of printing.
For several centuries after the IN
vention of movable type, no one sue
eeeded in divising any means OF as
.embling type mechanically in form
+or printing. Some time after the
American Revolution, inventors ir
+h;s country began working on the
nroblem, and form then until modern
.;noes there have been enormous ex-
nenditures of money and effort IN
attempts to build successful type
Getting machinery.
Most Of the early inventors at
,empted to build machines for as
S sembling ordinary meta2 type. The
nroblem was complicated by three
factors: First, the large number OF
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03

During the war, we were drilled on
wheatless, meatless and eatless days,
in our boy-hood we knew the dis
comforts of seatless trousers and
feetless socks and now in the advanc-
ed days of city life we have to I'M
dergo the agonies Of neatless gas, a
lihtless town with fearless hearts and
fearless eyes but not cuss-less muir
murings.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03

edge of the printed column will line
UP.
When the line matrices is compete
ly assembled, the operator releases it
by slight movement, and from then
on the operation of the machine is en-
tirely automatic, the operator pro-
ceeding meanwhile to assemble an
other line of matrices.
When the operator releases line
of matrices it is carried by the ma
chine to position in front of a mold,
and the machine squirts molten type
metal into the mold, in such a way
that a complete line of type is cast
carrying words or groups of figures
previously assembled by the operator
The machine then trims the line of
type just cast, which cools and solidl-
fies almost instantly, and elects it on
a convenient tray with other lines
previously assembled.
Meanwhile the machine also distri-
butes the line of matrices or dies
from which the line of type was cast,
storing them in parallel rows in a
magazine, each letter and figure in
it's proper place. Thus the operator
is able to use the same matrices over
an over, there being enough matrices
Of each letter and figure to permit
several lines to be in process of as
sembling, casting, an distribution at
the same time. In other words, while
one line of matrices is being ASSEMBLE
ed another is being cast and third
is being distributed, all of these OPP
erations being entirely automatic ex-
cepting the actual operation of the
keyboard.
This, in rough outline, is the proc
ess by which the reading matter in
your newspaper is prepared for print
ing. Of course a modern composing
machine like the Linotype has many
improvements which increases its
range and flexibility. For instance,
the same machine can be used for
setting various widths of type lines
from less than one inch to seven
inches wide and various sizes of type
from one-sixteenth of an inch to half
an inch iii height. Thus one operat-
or at a single Linotype machine is
able to compose all the various sizes
and styles of type matter used in
a typical department store advertise
ment. as well as the news matter
want ads, stock markets quotations
etc. And yet despite the complicated
results required of it, the machine is
built so simply that it is used success
fully in small country newspaper of
fices where no expert help is avail
able and in many cases it is operated
and maintained by women. 1t is also
used in such distant countries as Aus
tralia, South Africa, India, Japan
Iceland and Palestine.
Right now thousands of typeset-
ting machines are rapidly spelling
out words and phrases which you will
read in tomorrow's newspapers
magazines, books, and countless other
forms of printing.
Records of every event that has
happened throughout the world
stories of love and of hate, stories
of war and of efforts to stop it
stories of crime and crime detected
great scientific treatises and paper
covered novels-all are being formed
into type by these machines. No one
/ man can read it all, or even a-naill-
ionth part of it, but each of us car
choose what we want from an mex
haustible source of supply.
Belington progressive. [volume] (Belington, W. Va.) 1912-1927, 1924-01-03

characters ncceSSary-ZO caplCdi let
tiers, rs small letters, 10 figures, and
a number of punctuation marks, etc.
Second, all of the lines of type in
column must be spaced out to a uni
form width, so that the right-hand
edge of the column will line up, as
well as the left-hand edge; otherwise
the right-hand edge of the printed
column would be uneven, like page
written on a typewriter. Third, af-
ter the type was assembled and used
it was necessary to find some way
to distribute the various letters and
other characters SO that they could
be used again.
One Of the most interesting and
complicate machines of this kind,
known as the Paige Compositor, was
largely financed by Mark Twain, who
lost a fortune in it. 1t took eight
years for the Patent Office in Wash
ington to examine this machine and
issue the hundreds of sheets of draw
ings and specifications covering it
On of the Patent Office Examiners
died while the patents were pending,
another became insane and died IN
that condition, and the patent attor-
ney who prepared the case also died
in an insane asylum. More than two
million dollars were spent in develop
ing the Paige Compositor, but it prov
ed to be complete failure, far too
complicated for commercial use.
Only one machine for assembling
ordinary metal type ever achieved
any degree Of commercial success in
this country, and it's use was very
limited
The type of machine which has
won universal success, the type of
machine which composes the news
paper, employs an entirely different
principle than the single-letter ma
chimes. The first machine. of this
kind, which composed complete line
on single piece Of metal, called
Slug" was invented by Ottmar Mer-
genthaler, whose name will go down
in history as one of the foremost
inventors of all time.
In 1913 a slug composing machine,
called the Intertype, was designed
and placed on the market. In many
of it's basic operating principles the
Intertype resembles Mergenthaler's
Linotype machine, but many differ
ences have been developed to meet
the requirements of modern news
papers, magazines, and commercial
printing.
The reading matter in a newspaper
is assembled in the following manner
Typewriter or longhand manuscript
is sent from the news and editorial
departments to the composing room,
where it is divided among the sever
al machine operators. Each oper-
ator places his share of the "copy,"
as it is called, in holder attached to
machine The keyboard consists Of 80
keys leach marked with one Of the
ssrious capital letters, small letters,
figures, punctuation marks, ect., re-
.quired for news composition. The
operator then proceeds to manipulate
the keyboard somewhat as typist
operates a typewriter keyboard. AS
he presses each key a brass die call
ed "matrix" stamped with the corr
responding letter or figure, falls into
place in a rack in front of the oper-
ator. In this way complete line of
matrices is assembled, consisting of
q series Of dies arranged in words or
groups or figures. Between the
words are wedge-shaped devices used
for spacing out the line to the exact
width required. SO that the righ-hand