davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-03-23
CENTRAL HIGH CADETS
WIN WAR MAP GAME
Defeat Eastern Team in Final of
Series-Undefeated in
Contests.
WILL CHOOSE DEBATERS
Five to Be Picked to Round Out
Group for Competition.

Company G of Central High School,
led by Capt. Herbert Rudlong. won
the inter-high school war map
games of the Washington High School
cadet Corps Friday by defeating
Company e Of Eastern. The problem
was one of rear guard
Company & made a good showing
All through the series, and especially
against the teams from the other
schools There We're many cadets OF
the first and second regiments at the
game.
The victorious team iS composed of
Capt. Rudlong, Second Lieut.. Clary.
Sergt kcyser, Sergt. ArlisS. Corporal
Robson. Private Hammer and Alter
mates Brake and PlumIey.
Some time this week central's de-
bate team will be picked. Thirteen
BOYS are out for the team. Out Of
this number, three, Robert Ward.
Joseph Dessoff and Paul keyser,
have already been CHOSEN because of
ability shown in the local Tech de-
bate This leaves five to be chosen
from the ten candidates.
Each OF the ten will deliver a de-
pate on thc question, lscSoiNeu,
That presidential candidates should
ne nominated by a national system
of primaries instead of by party con-
yentions," taking either side OF the
question he wishes. The best live
will be selected, and these will rep
resent Central at the Harrisburg
Tech debate.
There will be a negative team at
Harrisb burg and All affirmative team
here. Each team will be compos ed
h Il a
The debate viii probably be held in
May.
Last weeks work was probably the
hest match shooting Central girls
have ever done, when for the second
week OF their championship match
they averaged 1855 out Of a possible
zoo for prone and standing shooting.
Lucy Evans starred again, but she
was closely seconded by Francis
Sc hoern born
HhnS.. nua lifNin.r hioh fiNn 1unra .
Evening star., 1924-03-23
BRANDYWINE.

Yspeciai1.ITo accept a commercial
position in Washington, 1t is under
stood, Miss Mary F.. Ruthven, teacher
of history and algebra in the Brandy
wine High School has resigned. ef-
fective April l. Her successor has
not been announced.
Evening star., 1924-03-23

From the New York Sun and Globe
She-Why can't you take me with
you on your trip?
Ho-BecauSe the doctor told me
not. to take ANYTHING that disagreed
with me-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14
Soviet Delegate
Viii Participate
In Naval ParLey

ROME, Feb. 13.-A sequel to the
naval parley held in Washington will
take place here next Thursday at
which a representative of Soviet
Russia will be present. The confer
ence was not held in Switzerland
owing to the boycott of that coun-
try by the Russian government in
reprisal for the assassination Of Vor-
ovsky, Soviet envoy to Lausanne.
The plans are at present for a
secret conference tho the Russians
will fight for open sessions. Besides
the big European powers, leading
South American nations will be rep
resented as well as the Scandinavian
Kingdoms, Jugoslavia, Greece and the
Netherlands.
The United States will not be rep
resented even by an observer.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14

housing crisis are not due to the
fact that the landlords are bad as in
dividuals, nor is this sad state of af
fairs to be accounted for by blaming
the landlords for their being afflicted
with rapaciors greed.
The crisis arises from the fact that
industry and exchange are today con-
Quoted on a profit basis. The houses
are manufactured for sale as com
modities and not for use. Com
modities are distributed to net the
maximum profit possible. An an
alysis Of the rise in the rentals of
the homes of the workers involves
an analysis Of numerous other manu-
featuring processes conducted on a
capitalist basis.
Thus the prices Of building ma
terials, according to the latest fig
ures of the Department of Commerce.
have gone up 1860 since 1914. Out
of each dollar that the home-owner
pays for his house, the workers re-
ceive $.25, according to the informa-
ton Of DR.. John M. Cries. chief Of
the Division Of Housing Of the De-
partment OF Commerce. The other
SIS is divided among the manufact-
urers of building MATERIALS, con-
tractors, speculative builders and
statesmen as profits and overhead.
How hard this capitalist method Of
housing has been on the working
masses is brought home very force
fully IN the conclusion of the New
York State Housing Commission in
this statement: "This report clearly
shows that family incomes in this
state have become steadily more dis
proportionate to rents and costs Of
houses. Even the large amount Of
construction which has taken place
during the last ten years has affected
only the well-to-do and will not for
a long time help that three-utarters
Of the population Of the state with
less than $4,000 a year."
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14

who were unable to pay this increase
were subject to coercion-the gas fix
lures were torn out but electrical apl
pliances were not installed so that
the tenants had to remain in the
dark"
Another trick employed by the
landlords to boost profits is to play
upon the race prejudice that exists in
New York against Negroes amongst
some people. Mr.. Joseph S. Flynn.
a member of the West Harlem Ten
ants Association, summed up this
phase Of the profteering game as fol-
lows: When a landlord does not sue
coed in getting higher rents, the first
thing he does is put in a coIored
agent. After he puts a colored
agent in the tenants become panicky
and frightened and think the house
is going to be sold to a colored man
and then IL the landlord does not
succeed in getting an increase in
rent, very possibly the house will be
sold to colored man. They event.
ually get more money"
One Of the state investigators told
me Of another clever trick resorted
to by the landlords to boost rents.
Take the four story house where /
live on West list Street. The house
was sold at $4,000. II then passed
thru probably ten hands. Most Of
these sales were fake. Finally il was
sold by the present owner for S45,-
900. Four Of the ten transfers were
in the same realty Office. The book
keeper, stenographer, and Office boy
were each involved in these purchases
and the use of their names as agents
brought a net profit Of from $4,000
to $4,000 TO the landlords"
Whenever a tenant seeks repairs
or improvement in his house, the land
lord utilities this request for raising
the rental. On this point the preli-
report Of the Housing Com
declared: when improve
msnts or repairs are made by the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14
Silent About Oil,
Noisy About Reds;
Is Defense Society

NEW YORK, Feb. 13.-Following
the issuance of blue, white, green,
yellow, pink, and other motley books
by the prolific governments of
Europe, the American Defense So
ciety is about to publish little Red
Book of its own. It will be called,
picturesquely, "Reds in America"
This 400-page volume, which you will
scarcely have time to read, will tell
what every good American fascist
should know. 1t will consist of docu-
ments, published in part by the Bos-
ton Transcript and placed at the dis
position of the Defense Society by
the u. S. secret service. Many Of the
may be classified as light
summer fiction, tho more colorfully
imaginative.
The society has declined to state
.hc source of the money employed in
the publication of the Red Book.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14

landlord there is always an increase
in rent. The landlord wants a $14
Increase in rent on 500 apartment
if he is to paint and paper, is the re-
port from two houses. A white sink
was put in and new stove, and the
rent was doubled. Installing cleo
tricity or renovating the apartment
was the occasion for a rent raise Of
200e6. More frequently no improve
ments are made even after an in
crease"
Testifying before the State Com
mission, Mr.. Pancrazio Genonese, a
mechanic, thus described this condi-
ton: zone landlord sells to another
and says / am a new landlord and
you have to give me raise for paint
ing. But they don't even after they
promise and then another landlord
comes and says / am new landlord
and want TO put in electric lights,
and you have to pay for electric
lights and they don't get electric
lights ever, but we have to pay the
$50"
Mrs. Golf Of the Madison House
cited the following rather painful
illustration of the cruelty and greed
Of the landlords. She told how a
landlord had said to a widow with
four children in a three room apart
ment: "Now you can open the cleo
trio light or not. If you open it and
use my improvement you will have TO
pay SO a month more. II you do not
open you will remain in the dark"
This tenant was forced to live by
candle light to save the SO a month
increase. The only condition under
which the widow could pay for the
was TO cut down on her
food which was already reduced to
The landlords even stoop to fool
ing many tenant into the belief that
they are planning TO occupy these
abominable homes themselves. They
thus succesd in having the poor move
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14

162nd Second Street and Woody
crest Avenue, which could be rented
at maximum Of 500 a room and
yet net go profit. He declared that
he does not control the property and
the rent for the apartment in this
house had already been fixed at 500
a room.
Mr.. Matthews, another builder, told
Industrial Commissioner Shientag,
that many of the individuals who
bought low priced houses, immedi-
ately raised rents. He said that in
these old type houses the courts al
lowed Sc a room. On the basis the
owners were receiving 3096 on the
money invested or 14c6 gross return
on the rental value. These proper
ties have gone up 1000 in market
price. When Mr.. Shientag was asked
whether these landlords were getting
generous return, Mr.. Matthews was
quick to reply: landlords today get
what they have the nerve to ask for"
Ingenious Tricks of Landlords.
The landlord class has been very
ingenious in devising ways and
means of increasing rents, evading
the laws and evicting the tenants who
refuse TO pay high rentals. One Of
the means employed by the landlords
is to have the old tenant move out
and then charge the new tenant
higher rental. In this fashion great
impetus has been lent to the increase
of rent in New York. Investigators
have reported thousands Of such con-
trived evictions. The preliminary re-
port Of the Block Survey conducted in
Manhattan and Brooklyn in Novem-
Der, 1923, by the Housing Commits
sion, cites the following illuminating
evidence on this vicious practice Of
the landlords: From one of the
blocks came several reports Of what
they termed 'plagueing' The land
lord had installed electricity after inn
posing a raise Of from 8 TO IT dollars
per apartment. The poorer tenants
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14
Relief Conference
Organized at New
HGUen After MEETING

NEW HAVEN, Conn, Feb. l3-
Following a mass meeting at which
William F. Kruse told of his expert
ences and impressions of Russia and
Germany, and of the help extended
to the hungry German masses by
their Russian fellow workers, a Ger
man Relief Conference was organized
under the auspices Of the F. S. R. of
New Haven. Eighteen delegates re-
presented three local unions, five
fraternal organizations and eight
other labor groups.
An executive committee was elected
with instructions to canvass all local
organizations in the interest of an
enlarged conference to be held in
three weeks. Contribution lists are
to be circulated and a meeting and
social affair is to be arranged in the
heart of a strong German settlement
just west of the city. Plans were also
for tag day.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14
BROTHER CHARLIE
FINDS OIL TRUST
IS VERY WICKED
Wants (Oil) Govern
ment to Seize Oil

LINCOLN, Neb., Feb. 13.-Gov-
ernor Charles w. Bryan Of Nebraska,
brother of William jennings Bryan,
and Governor w. H. McMaster of
South Dakota, today Joined forces in
what they declared will be "a re-
lentless war against a nationwide, oil
combine that is gouging the public
out of millions of dollars"
Both governors have appealed to
the federal government for relief
from "unconscionable and unjust oil
and gasoline prices" the Nebraska
governor demanding federal control
and regulation of the oil industry.
In an exchange Of kilograms today,
the executives pledged the support
Of their respective states to "an I'M
compromising" oil price fight and
assailed what they termed "a uni
versal policy of highway robbery"
McMaster, in his message to Bryan.
said in part:
Never in the history of the coun-
try has the oil combine so fiaerantlv
and defantly set out upon a policy Of
highway robbery.
hN HOAA 10 ilOb ldT distant Wnen
the people will demand that Standard
Oil and her allied interests observe
the rules of fair play or the Ameri-
can people will destroy Standard Oil
and nationalize the industry
Governor Bryan replied with:
"The oil combine has defed the
government, state and national, and
has outraged all decency in its auda-
cious corrupting Of public officials to
do its bidding.
"The confidence of the public in
their government is shaken. Inves-
LEGATIONS do not stop the robbery Of
the public and threats of prosecution
have ceased to scare the oil combine.
ut continues to tie up the oil pro-
ducing agencies in one gigantic com
bination and to continue its strangle
hold on the consumers of gasoline.
"The government should act by
taking over the oil industry and
regulate the prices and protect the
public"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14

out and are consequently enabled to
increase the rents. for the new tenant.
Miss Blackman of the United He
brew Charities told of this practice
TO the Commission, when she said /:
In several instances which / can
not recall specifically, the landlords
have tried to force the removal Of a
tenant on the technical ground that
he wished the apartment for his own
use. In all these cases our worker
was able to prove to the satisfaction
Of the court that the landlord was
using Inscriptions means in getting
rid of his tenants so that he might
increase his rentals considerably"
Have Iron-Clad Leases.
The landlords have devised a lease
known as the iron-clad contract by
means Of which they bind the tenant
to the most oppressive conditions and
have them at their mercy. This de-
vice is, Of course, against every prm-
ciple Of the law Of contracts. but the
government to date has not taken
any steps to stop the landlords from
enforcing this arrangement.
Even so conservative a magazine
and authoritative a spokesman for the
Wall Street bankers as the Com
mercial and Financial Chronicle has
been compelled to describe this IRON
clad lease in denunciatory terms. We
quote in part: "An ordinary reading
almost fails to show that the land
lord is bound to do anything, unless
TO collect rent, but the most mar
velous stipulation Is that he may
make rules and regulations which
he may add or alter from time to
time, and the tenant agrees in ad-
vance to accept and be bound by re-
quirements made and subject to re-
vision thus"
Profit System AT Fault.
The intolerable conditions to which
the working masses are subject in the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14
Labor Takes OUer
National Bank at
Bakersfield, Calf.

BAKERSFIELD, Calf, Feb. 49,
The Bakersfield National Bank clos
ed its doors as a capitalistic institu-
ton at noon Feb. 2, and opened again
at 2 p. m. as labor controlled bank.
The change was made by the pur-
chase by workers Of 700 shares Of
bank stock which represented over
two-thirds of the total and thus gave
the control of the bank into the hands
of organized labor. The legal trans
fer was made on Jan. &c and was
furthaed by the efforts Of DR.. Walter
F. McCaleb, organizer of several
labor banks thruout the country. The
bank will open Saturday afternoons
and evenings to accommodate
workers.
The change of control of the bank
was celebrated by a reception in the
bank Saturday afternoon and a ban
quet at night.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14

son a letter, which she did not
wish to sign because it would
endanger her job.
Her letter follows:
To The DAILY WORKER: / have
been following with interest the in
vestigation Of the fire-trap schools in
Chicago made by your enquiring
reporter.
| have been teaching in the Chicago
schools for Is years and know that
everything your reporter says about
our dirty old school buildings is true.
But what are we going to do about
it? 1t iE true that $4,000,000 in in
creased taxation was voted at our
late election, but that is only a drop
in the bucket. Chicago grows by
leaps and bounds. 1t grows SO fast
that 100 new school children must
be taken care of, and two new teach
ers provided every day of the school
year. That means 400 new rooms
must be built every year at cost
of $4,000 per room. At the present
building cost the $4,000 10000 is spent
on this one item of new buildings for
elementary schools. The schools can
not be completed for two years. The
building program was stopped entire
ly during the war. so it is away be-
hind now. In September this year,
$4,000 children were without seats.
These children are on haH-time, that
is, they are on the street half the
time.
One might ask, ais Chicago so poor
that its school children must suffer
this poverty and need?" The answer
would be, "Nol Chicago is wdhlthy."
Illinois is wealthy state. But those
who own the wealth of our city, the
great corporations, the public utili-
ties, the Big Business interests have
no interest in the schools and public
welfare.
The Chicago Teacher Federation
has been working on the school prob
lem for 20 years. They have figures
to show that the Big Interests of
Chicago escape fully nine-tenths of
their legitimate taxation. This is
done thru the Board Of Review of
Cook County, which can be seen al
most any day, at it's pleasant task
OF cutting approximately S1,00O.OOO
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14

Dlem only for the wealthy class
which never had housing problem,
The working class, having the great.
est need for homes, was left in the
lurch.
Prohteering Rampant.
There is no way Of arriving at an
accurate estimate Of the mass Of pro-
hts piled up by the landlord class
Two things are certain, however,
First of all, the landlords have beer
taking advantage of the housing
shortage to charge the most exorbi.
tant rentals for apartments that are
unit to live in. Second, the rate of
profit has been increasing in direct
proportion to the increase of rent
paid by the working class and the
distress in which the mass of people
find themselves because of the acute
critical housing conditions.
The law that was enacted in New
York to aid the construction Of more
houses by making new residential
buildings tax exempt, has not helped
the working class at all. This law
At"o ttth uotQ Wy bHc idUulOIuS TO ln-
crease their own proftss Mr.. Arthur
J. W. Hilly, Acting Corporation Coun-
sci and formerly chairman Of the
Mayors Rent Committee, pointed out
before the Housing Commission that
there was great profteering in such
tax exempt houses. Mr. Hilly en-
phasized the fact that this profteer-
ing was especially hard on the white
collar" group of clerks and on other
workers whose wages have not kept
pace with the increased cost Of living.
Appearing before the State Com
builder, Mr.. John T. Camp
bell, testified that landlords could
charge only $40 room and yet make
big profits. He estimated that at this
charge the average landlord would
make a net profit Of 81.
Mr.. Campbell impressed the Com
with the fact that he had just
completed a S23s,000 tenement at
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14
CANADIAN APPLE
GROWERS GOING
INTOBANKRUPTCY
Bankers Stop Loans to
Ruined Farmers
By SYDNEY WARREN.

(Staa Correspondent Of The Federated Press)
hELOWNA, B. c., Feb. 13.--Like
the raisin growers Of California. the
fruit growers of the Okanogan valley,
British Columbia's famous apple
growing region, are being driven TO
the wall despite their cooperative or
ganizations
Last years fruit crop was one Of
the biggest in the history of the val
ley but the growers will receive on an
average only 40 cents box for their
trouble in cultivating, picking and
packing box Of apples. Deduct from
this sum the actual cost Of putting a
box Of apples on the market. which
is 80 cents, and it does not take a
Preparations committee to determine
the financial status of the OkanoRan
fruit grower.
Just because the grower only gets
40 cents box for his apples does
not mean that the consumer buys his
fruit proportionately cheaper, for this
year he is paying from Sl.75 to $3.50
for box Of good apples.
Play English for Suckers.
The price Of orchard land was in
fiated by real estate operators dur
ing the war years when fruit prices
were mounting skywards. Rough
land barely set out with trees was I'M
loaded on discharged soldiers, middle
class English immigrants seeking to
maintain their economic position gin
the colonies and that class Of small
business men, thrifty mechanics and
the gullible who visualize an apple
orchard with bungalow and a mod
est share Of prosperity. These were
all good prospects and many Of them
bought orchard land for from $1,000
an acre upward.
Now since the bottom has dropped
from the fruit market they. are ready
to dispose Of their holdings for as
little as one-third of what they orig
inally paid for them in order to es
cape complete ruin. One man in
Okanogan valley, who two years ago
sold house and an orchard of ten
bearing acres for $4,000 now offers
ten acres Of bearing fruit land for
5000.
Bankers Stop Loans.
The policy Of the banks is not to
lend any money to fruit growers al
ready indebted to them for previous
advances on their crops. This year
they are refusing to advance any
money on last years crop as they
have been advised that freight bills
for the most part will be all the re-
turns that the growers will get for
their fruit. Stores in the valley that
have been compelled to extend credit
to the growers are also facing. a -crisie
as wholesale houses are pressing
them for settlement of their invoices.
Early last year the Okanogan
growers brought Aaron Sapiro, CO.
operative expert, to the valley and
he proposed a reorganization Of the
whole fruit industry. His proposals
were adopted and SO per cent of the
growers signed under the new CO
operative scheme, but despite elabor-
ate co-operatives, the employing of
high-salaried experts to handle the
fruit crop, the fruit growers find
themselves in the present hopeless
situation.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-14
Landlords Filing Ever Greater Profits Suffering CITY Workers Become More A
(Continued from Page u

(Contlnued from Page ID
his investment. Mr.. Stewart
Browne, President of the
United Real Estate Owners
Association, made this confes-
sion before the Housing Com
mission: Il don't care whether
they (the landlords) are Jew
or Gentle, or whether they are
rich or poor, but they are all
more or less out to make a
large profit, potential profit
GERS. :"
The landlords and the builders have
limited their construction work in
New York State and in every other
section of the country principally to
the setting up of apartments which
will give them the greatest profits.
The findings Of the New York inves-
tigators have led them to the con-
clusion that most of the new con-
struction is available only for one
tenth of the population with incomes
Of $4,000 a year or more. Even
with the large amount Of construction
now under way, the Commission finds
that It has brought but little relief in
the housing shortage effecting the
masses of the population
Judge Edward F. Boyle, of the
New York Children's Court, told the
Commission that in the last three
years there was just one house built
in New York which would provide
housing at $40 room.
What this means to the workers
Is obvious. The landlords are out
to make the biggest profits possible
and they will build only houses that
will net them the greatest return on
their investments. Nowadays 1t
doesn's pay the landlord class to put
up houses for which the workers can
afford to pay. Thus the new con-
axuction has solved the housing pro-