davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07
Weather Bureau Forecasts Play
Important Part In Comfort and
Security of Euery American Citizen

diction of an imminent cold wave,
| greenhouses are closed and their
boilers filled for action. Fire-plugs,
exposed mains and general plumb
ing are protected, gasoline engines
are drained. Newspapers print few
er copies for street sales. Gas com
panies turn on more gas. In single
instance, the records of the Weather
Bureau show that a cold wave pre-
diction saved more than $3,500,000
through the protection Of property.
Warnings of frost and freezing
weather also prevent heavy losses to
farmers, and this service, to the
Weather Bureau, constitutes one of
its principal responsibilities. River
and flood service conducted by the
bureau makes possible the issuing of
flood warnings, with life-saving sig
nificance. Aviation is almost entire
ly regulated by the weather forecasts.
In their own way the weather sta
tistics kept by the department are as
important as the weather forecasts
They are called upon to settle many
problems. Insurance companies now
insure against rain, drought, crop
failure, tornadoes and other destruc-
i've phenomena. The policies cover
7arious enterprises from crops to
ashton shows, entertainments and
baseball games. For the basis of
ate coputation and the settlement of
laims the Weather Bureau data
erve as a court of last resort.
Weather Bureau statistics relative
0 the prevailing weather at certain
ines and places also have played an
Important part in many lawsuits and
trials. Verdicts in accident
asses frequently have been rendered
n evidence supplied by the Weather
ureau data. In the criminal courts
Gather records on many occasions |
ave spelled the difference between
onviction and acquittal.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07
INDIANS IN MONTANA NOW
NUMBER 1858, SAYS CENSUS

The Indian poulation of Montana
numbers 1858, according to the last
Indian census taken by the Indian
service of the Interior department.
Six states have larger Indian pop
ulation than Montana.
The total Indian population of the
United States is $4,000 or a gain
of 1928 during the past II years.
The Indian population increased
2,619 last year. Oklahoma leads ali
states with an Indian population of
The Interior department claims
that there are now more Indians in
the United States than at any time
since the discovery of America, when
is taken of the 10000 or
more pureblood Indians who have
their tribal identity and
with the general population.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07

in the United States, 1 collected
S1,100 in New Orleans Women
brought me their jewels; even slaves
contributed their might"
The money question at length set
tied, two Jesuits, Fathers Point and
Mengarini were appointed to the
mission. Father Point, who was born
in the French Ardennes, chose re-
ligious life, although Marshall Ney
had offered to adopt him. After
coming to America, he founded a col
lege at Grand Coteau, but left it for
the Indian work. Father Mengarini,
native Roman, was a physician, a
musician, and remarkable linguist.
With Father De Smet and these two
missionaries, went also three lay
brothers and three laborers.
They left for their new post, the
last of April, 1871, travelling from
Westport with a company of sixty
men, most of whom were on their way
to the California gold fields, the
route followed being that Father De-
Smet had previously taken along the
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07

| beyond the influence of the wind
massed and whirled in an opposite di-
rection."
Many have seen a cyclone, but few
have witnessed what followed this
one. "Above us, we saw the storm
retreating majestically to the north,
finally spending its force in the bed
! of the Platte Then occurred another
upheaval of nature; in an instant the
river was dashed into foaming tor
rent, from which the water rose in
the form of vast horn of plenty,
it's sniuous movements resembling a
serpent rising on it's tail; trees were
uprooted and the land laid waste
At Fort Hall, a band of Flatheads
met the missionaries. Young Igna-
thus, who was of their number, having
run for four days without food or
drink, in order to be the first to
greet them. Going north with the
Indians, the little company of white
men arrived at their journeys end,
and pitched their tents on the Bitter
Root, south of Missoula, between
Stevensville and Fort Owen.
The missionaries knew that for
some years to come, the Indians
would have to depend on hunting for
their main subsistence, but as a first
step toward their civilization, they
should have a home, instead of lead
ing their former nomadic existence.
With this in view, all set to work
with will. The Indians fenced the
land; priests house and farm house
were built; and in less than five
weeks a temporary church was err
ected, and ready for occupancy by
December 3, 1841.
That winter was unusually severe, |
it showing continually for three
Nevertheless the Indians !
started on their semi-annual hunt,
December goth, and with them went
Father Point. They found no buffalo
until February 18th, when they killed
one hunderd and fifty-three. Before
his, however, many of the Indians
became snowblind, and Father Point
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07

/" HE average person, particularly
| the average city dweller, prob
ably has little conception of the
part in his daily comfort and secur-
| ity that is played by the forecasts OF
the United States Weather Bureau
And yet every day they render real
personal service to practically every
person in the country. The weather
forecasts are right eight times out
of ten.
For safety of lives and cargoes at
sea, for example, reliable weather
forecasts and storm warnings are in
dispensible. In recent years there
has been hardly a storm of marked
danger to maritime interests with
out ample warnings being issued
from IL to "a hours in advance,
writes Norman G. McLoud in the Pop
ular Science Monthly. Sailings of
waists fleets of vessels engaged in our
ocean and lake traffic are largely
guided by these warnings, with inn
mense saving of life and property.
Warnings displayed for a single hur-
ricane are known to have detained in
ports, vessels and cargoes
valued at more than 100000, loco.
Similarly, prediction of approach
ing cold waves, issued from "a to 36
hours in advance, have resulted in en-
savings in our food supply. |
The uses made of temperature fore
casts in our crowded centers of pop
llatlon is surprising. With the pre-
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07

ter, tools and agricultural imple-
ments, seeds for the spring sowing,
COWS, etc.
At one place on the Clarke river,
during this journey, Father De Smet
came to barrier Of rocks he found
impossible to cross on horseback or
on foot. But he was resourceful,
Remembering | had in my caravan
a gentle and staid old mule, l pro-
ceeded to take hold of its tail, and
held on tight. Urged on by cries
and the generous use of the whip,
it patiently dragged me to the sum-
nit. For the descent, l changed my
position and hung on to the reins.
The animal, descending step by
step, landed me safely on the other
side"
The Hudson's Bay Factor at Fort
Colyille, Scotchman, generously
furnished Father De Smet, with all
he requested, and without the Faith
er's knowledge, added sugar, coffee,
tea, chocolate, butter, crackers,
flour, poultry, etc.
On the opening of spring at st.
Mary's seed was sown in the ground
that was already plowed by one of
the Brothers, and potatoes planted.
These operations caused a good deal
of unfavorable comment on the part
of the Indians, who looked upon it as
another exhibition of white mems
foolishness. why" they asked,
should the ground be torn up and
wheat, corn and oats buried in it?'
The missionaries explained, as best |
they could, and assured them the
seeds would produce an hundredfold. |
The Indians were not disposed to |
credit this statement. But when the |
grain began to sprout, they spent
whole days perched on the fence, to
watch the growing, and find out if
hey had been deceived Their con-
idence in the missionaries was re-
lewed at harvest time, when the
rope were divided and the Indians
eceived their share.
Again, in the spring of 1912, pro-
risions were scarce at st. Mary's,
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07

narrowly escaped death from the
cold.
A month after his arrival at ST..
Mary's, Father De Smet was forced to
go about three hundred miles north
west to Fort Colville, on the Column
bia, to supply the needs of the col
ony, (which was in dire poverty"
One of the Fathers was forced to
wear a cassock made of an Indian
blanket, and brother was reduced
to buckskin garments. There were
also required provisions for the win
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07
FATHER DESMET'S SECOND TRIP TO THE
ROCKIES AND THE ESTAgl ISHRMEMT OF ST.
RMARY'S MISSION I'M BITTER ROOT VALLEY

and could not be obtained at Fort
Colville, nor nearer than Fort Van
couver, the Hudson's Bay post at
the mouth of the Columbia, where
Father De Smet journeyed. While
there, he was the guest of DR.. Nc
Loughlin, then in charge of the fort,
and later recognized as ''The Father
of Oregon" because of the help he
gave to the early settlers of that
state.
Shortly after his return to ST.
Mary's, Father De Smet made a Sc
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07

. A NUMBER of years ago, the Pi-
!. "A oneers of Montana held thell
a = annual meeting at Missoula As
is customary on such occasions, en-
tertainment was provided by the city
for its guests. There were drives to
different points of historical interest
in the vicinity, and banquet, with
its oratorical accompaniments con-
cluded the program.
! One of the excursions undertaken
was to Stevensville, with its neigh
boring Fort Owen, and the church of
St. Mary's. 1t was an ideal autumn
day, and the beautiful Bitter Root
valley at the foot of Mount Lolo, won
it's need of praise from the visitors
who saw it for the first time, as
they were driven rapidly southwark
to their destination They we're ta-
ken in carriages, not in automobiles,
and consequently were a longer time
in reaching Stevensville than would
be required for the same journey to-
day. This was an advantage, as it
gave the excursionists, myself in
cluded, better opportunity to OBJ
serve everything along the way
We passed Fort Owen, which was
pointed out to us, yet did not stop
there, but crossed the river to Stew
ensville, where we were most hos
pitably received, and then went on to
the little church which played so inn
portant part in the development of
the Bitter Root country To most of
the visitors it appeared to be a rath-
er insignificant structure, that we
were informed had been erected at an
early date for the Indians, with such
additional knowledge concerning
it as we chose to gather from those
who would impart it.
There was nothing especially strik-
ing about the interior of this church
except the realistic paper roses that
adorned the altar, and that we
learned were made by Father Ravalli,
a priest of whom even Protestants
had heard favorable mention The
roses attracted us, and might all have
been taken as souvenirs had they not |
been jealousy guarded. One alone, |
as mark of special favor, was pre-
sented to a member of my family |
and is now among my most treasured |
possessions, not on account of its
beauty-although it is beautiful
but because of the remarkable man
who formed each petal and painstak-
ingly colored it.
st. Mary's Mission was established
by Father De Smet, on his second
visit to the Rocky Mountains, in full
'ilment of his promise to the Flathead
Indians the year before. On his re-
turn to st. Louis he found that if
were to be sent to the ]
North mact If xuouId danand unon him 4
% secure the necessary funds. He !
published and distributed thousands {
If pamphlets, telling of his expert {
,nces among the Indians, and then
vent to solicit money for the enter /
rise that had become so dear to his 6
leart.
He visited New Orleans where he
aid "my fondest hopes were more
han realized, for Notwithstanding the s
ritical financial conditions existing '
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07
EARLY WOOL SALES
CAUSE HEAVY LOSS
TOSTATE GROWERS
STAFF STATES GROWERS LOST
100000 BY EARLY CON-
TRACING OF CLIPS
Present Market Basis Would Have
Brought Huge Sum to State, he
Declares in Warning Against 1925
Contract Stampede.

The Montana wool growers who
sold or contracted the sale of their
1924 wool clips early in the sea-
son have sustained loss of ST.
5000 on the basis of the present
wool market, declared Matt Staff,
president of the National Wool
Warehouse & Storage company of
Chicago, who has been in Montana
druing the past few weeks. MIR.
{ Staff adds that If growers permit
themselves to be stampeded into
contracting their 1925 wool clips,
even at offers of 45 cents now be-
ing received, they will stand to
lose an even greater amount next
year.
Three weeks ago, agents of east
ern commission houses were offering
in Montana to contract for next
years clips at 81 cents, and in a few
instances wool was contracted, on
that basis. Mr.. Staff sent wires from
his Chicago office to all wool grow
ers' associations in the western states
advising against contracting their
, clips in advance of the season next
year, on the ground that the ten
dency of the market at the present
time, taking into consideration the
strong position of wool throughout
the world, was higher prices would
be obtained in 1925. AS a result of
this advice, the same commission
agents are now offering to contract
for 1925 wool clips at As cents, said
Mr.. Staff. This advance of seven
cents pound would amount to
$1,3OO,000 on the estimated produc-
tion of wool in Montana in 1925, Mr..
Staff declared.
AS an illustration of the loss sus-
tanned by Montana growers this year,
Mr.. Staff submitted the following
statement respecting large Montana
clip, running about $3.50 fine and
fine medium and half-blood:
''This wool was shipped early in
August to owners orders, Boston, but
was sold in transit to Boston deal
er at 381a cents.
s'The wool was resold in transit
by the Boston dealer to another deal
er at A cents.
"Resold early in September to an
other dealer at AZ cents.
"Resold early in October to the |
same dealer who bought it at "A
cents, at SO cents.
"Resold Immediately to manu-
facturer at So cents.
ALLOWING 27a cents from point of
origin, it will be noted that a profit |
of p cents pound was split be-
tween three dealers before the wool
reached the manufacturer
mo one" said Mr. Staff, ''can
foretell with accuracy to what high
levels the price of wool will go next
year; but the outlook is for very high
prices, as now being reflected in the
unusual activity of speculative wool
purchasers at this early preseason
late"
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07
ELK FLEEING FROM
PARK THREATENED
WITH SLAUGHTER
EMPHASIZES NEED OF PRESERVE
TO PREVENT ANNIHILATION
OF WYOMING. GAME
jackson Hole Upper Reaches Would
Make Ideal Winter Range to Save
Moose, Antelope, Elk and others;
Slaughter Threatened.

Recent press dispatches from
Wyoming cities, should interest
every big game loer in the West,
for they emphasize once again the
imperative need of action to pre-
serve the last big game herds. The
dispatch tells how elk, driven from
the highlands of Yellowstone park
and the surrounding region by the
early winter storms of great Sc
verify, are pouring into jackson
Hole in Wyoming for shelter and
food.
These animals are falling prey to
wholesale slaughter by hunters, and
Wyoming authorities are considering
the advisability of closing the hunt
ing season to save them.
If the elk, moose and antelope now
protected within the Yellowstone
park and the forest reserves ada
cent to it are to be saved from ex-
termination; if the big game is not
to disappear, to be known in future
only in museum specimens, pictures,
and the stories of "old-timers, con-
gressional action is needed to pro-
vide a guarded winter range. For,
every winter these animals, facing
starvation in the snow-covered re-
gions of the park where snow drifts
too deeply to permit them to paw for
their food, flee to the low lands.
There they perish by the thousands.
The yearly loss depends upon the Sc
verify of the winter. In mild winters
not so many come out, but severe
storms always send them stampeding
into the hole. There they are shot
by hunters and many are literally
dubbed to death by ranchers. who
kill neither for food nor sport, but
to protect their hay stacks. 1t is
no uncommon sight to see slaught-
cred elk lying beside rancher's hay
tack, beaten down with club and
eft there.
Hole Is Ideal For Winter Range.
Several suggestions have been
made for converting into a winter
'ange the upper portion, at least, of
Jackson Hole 1t is an ideal region.
Nature has ordained it as perpetual
winter game refuge. A broad, level
lain fifty miles long and protected
~ the Absaroka, eros Ventre and
'eton mountain ranges, the hole is
lot promising agricultural or graz
ng land. 1t is composed of a gla-
ial deposit and no New England
arm ever yielded more boulders than
urn up to the pillow of the would
e rancher in the Hole. There are
ew ranchers in it, and those who are
here find living precarious for the
most part.
1t has been suggested first, that
he government buy out those ranch
rs in the portion of the Jackson
Iole nearest the Yellowstone park
nd convert that section into a win
er range for game, either with or
'ithout hunting privileges. Most of
nose interested in the proposal fa-
or limited hunting, as it is deemed
ntirely possible to make the Hole a
unters' paradise, and at the same
me to conserve the wild animals
The matter may be placed before
1ngress this winter together with
lie proposal to add the Teton range
} the Yellowstone park. This de-
ends somewhat on the success that
had in overcoming the local oppo-
ton to the movement.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07

Platte to the foot of the mountains.
While in this endless stretch of level
country, the travellers saw what is
best described in Father De Smet's
own words:
Zone day when the wind was
spending its fury, we witnessed at a
short distance from us marvellous
spectacle. A huge, whirling, funnel
shaped cloud appeared in the heavens,
caring through the air with deafen-
ing noise, carrying with it every OBJ
ject in its path; while clouds lying
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07
Utah Pioneer Passes at Great Fails

Utah Pioneer Passes at Great Falls.
Michael W. Molen, 80, Utah pi-
oneer, died at his home in Great
Falls recently. Mr. Molen came to
Utah in 1847 with the Mormon car
avian, from his original home in
Camp Creek, Ill. He lived in Utah
until two years ago when he removed
to the Falls City with his family.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-07
Cement Plant working Again.

Following shutdown of %
months, the Three Forks Portland
Cement company at Trident, Montana
has resumed operations with day
and night force at work in full ca
pacity for an indefinite period.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-06-30
DR.. HILL TURNED
OVER TO SHERIFF
Physician to Begin Three to
Fourteen-Year Term,

The six-year legal battle Of DIR. A.
A. Hill, against a charge Of per
forming an illegal operation, in
which-a 19-year-old girl died in 1918,
ended today when Hill was turned
over to Sheriff Snider for transpor-
tation to the Indiana State Prison
for term of from three to fourteen
years.
Hills attorney made a final effort
to stay his deliverance to the sheriff
until Thursday. to wind up business
affairs. but Judge James A. Collins
refused.
Hill was sentenced March 9, 1921,
and appealed to Supreme Court, los
ing the appeal and petition for re-
hearing.
The doctor faces a similar charge
in a case in which it is alleged an.
other 19-year-old girl died in Feb
ruary, 1928.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-06-30
THREE ARE HELD
IN AUTO CRASHES
Two Motorists Sought After
Sunday Accidents,

Three drivers were under arrest to-
day on assault and battery charges.
and police were seeking two motor
lists, as the result Of accidents Sun
day night.
Isaac Harrison. Arlington add
ton, said car collidea with his ma
chine at Prospect and Fountain
Square. The drivSr stopped. but re-
fused to give his name.
Delotus Farmer, 65S Eugene ST..
reported head-on collision with an
other car at Capitol Ave. and Pratt
St. The car did not stop. License
number, police say, show the car
owned by James Starks, GAO Superior
ST.. police are seeking him on
charges of failure to stop after an
accident, and failure to display
lights.
Mrs. Charles Neckels, 3740 E.
Twenty Eighth St, was slightly in
jured when the car which her
husband was driving, was struck by
another machine driven by Louis
Kinard, giving the SEVERN as his
address. Kinard was slated.
George Thompson, S04 w. Wash.
ington ST., was slated on assault
and battery and drunkenness
charges, following an accident in
which his car struck another ma
chine, driven by Clarence Doan,
539 Coffee ST., at Washington st.
and Senate Ave.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-06-30
INSOLVENCIES DECREASE
Last Week Shows $40 Failures; Over
400 the Week Before.

Insolvencies last week, as re-
ported .ry r. G. Dun & Co, show
quite sharp decline, the number re
ported N the United States being
349, as contrasted with 412 two
weeks ago and 420 three weeks ago;
year ago there were 292 failures.
Defaults were fewer last week in
all sections, as compared with the
previous week, except in the West,
but only two more are shown there
There were 1876 insolvencies last
week in the United States wherA the
indebtedness was in excess of So, 0cO,
against 245 the previous week
For Canada, Al failures We're re
ported last week; a year ago the Can
adam defaults number 66. There
were % last week with liabilities Of
IS 900 or more. against % two weeks
ago.