Evening star., 1924-07-30
IN TODAY,S SPOTLIGHT
BY PAUL y. COLLINS

Persia is g. member Of the League
OF Nations. which league undertakes
I'm principle: to arbitrate between
eSntendi9g con ling nations even when one Sd OF
league. 1t is reported that to that
league will appeal His Majesty, as
exalted as Saturn, whose greatness
calls to. mind that of Jemshid (also
golden age. hero of Zend-Avesta- IN
whose reign there was neither cold
nor heat, neither decay nor death,
nor malice produced by the demons"
Perhaps the present shah is like his
predecessor of 1856 and will not scare
the United States, he being so mag
nfhcent and anti-malicious.
This would not be the first instance
Of our severing diplomatic relations.
There have also, been many instances
Of threatened severance, to enforce
demands OF Justice. either to. the
United States, or, under the Monroe
doctrine, toward other nations OF
this hemisphere. .--
pirates, until, in 1903, a naval and
rates to terms, and released their
American captives.
In 1915 che Russian consul general
was arrested in Philadelphia charged
with a heinous felony. He pleaded
diplomatic immunity, which was not
recognized. Russia thereupon has
tily severed diplomatic relations. but
upon learning the facts, restored re-
lations, with an apology.
In 1852 japanese authorities re-
States visiting or shipwrecked in ia
pan and a naval demonstration
backed up a demand of diplomacy for
such guaranty. 4
In 1858 several Americans were
massacred in Turkey. The Turkish
measures to bring the assassins to
justice, the Secretary of State re-
quested the Secretary of the Navy to
issue orders to the commanding of-
fficer of our squadron in the Medi-
terranean to put himself, in communf-
cation with the Minister Of the
United States at Constantinople, and
after receiving from him such infor-
nation as he may require, to repair
to Jaffa, and to take such measures
Turkish authorities to inflict upon
the criminals referred to the punish
ment they SO richly deserve. .t
In 1873 Russian persecution OF the
Jews involved American citizens Of
Jewish blood. Diplomacy sought for
SoScTdl years 10 pTOlcCL In6U. FSuS-
sia had long been our traditional
friend and this Government was re-
luctant to break the ties Of friend
ship. It was not until the Taft ad-
ministration that. in 1913, the treaty
OF amity and commerce with Russia
was abrogated and relations severed.
1t was with great difficulty and delay
that eventually a new treaty sat1s-
factorily covering protection to all
American citizens was agreed upon.
Immediately after our Civil war
we automatically called the atten-
iton of France, Austria and their
puppet, Emperor Maximilian, to our
Monroe doctrine and requested them
to leave Mexico.
President Cleveland against Eng
land and President Roosevelt again st
Germany, both instances involving
protection of Venezuela under the
Monroe doctrine, are comparatively
recent cases of diplomacy with an
open threat of war, but without the
ultimate necessity OF force.
The case of a mob murder of ltal-
ians in New Orleans is cited wherein
the Federal Government disciaImed
responsibility after proving that the
police did all in their power to pro-
tect the victims. Nevertheless, the
Government. paid $4,000 indemnity
to the families of the murdered men
as a token of justice.
Copyright, 1924, by Paul " Collins)