davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker., 1924-02-15
Jacobson to Talk
on "A Week" at N. Y.
School for Workers

NEW YORK, Feb. 14.-All COM
rades and sympathizers are advised
to register in the Workers School.
Especially important is the announce
ment that Comrade Solon De Leon is
beginning his course on the History
Of the American Trade Union Move
ment". This course begins on Feb.
18th. All those who are active in
the trade unions and who desire to be
enlightened on the historic causes
underlying the present condition in
which organized labor finds itself
ought not to miss this excellent op-
portunity of obtaining this necessary
information.
Friday, Feb. 15, Comrade Z. B.
Jacobson will lecture on the latest
Russian novel, dealing with present
day Bolshevik Russia, "a Week" by
Jury Libedinsky. This is of his series
on Modern Literature which is treated
from an economic and social view
point.
The following courses will begin on
or about March first:
History of Modern Europe, by
Juliet Stuart Poyntz;
Syndicalist Movement in Europe,
by Arnold Roller;
History of the three Internationales,
by Ludwig Lore;
Concepts Of the State, by M. j.
Olgin.
On Sunday. Feb. 18th, at the reg
ular open forum Arnold Roller will
speak on 'Love among the Utopians".
Admission is free.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15
Italy Sends Soviet
Ambassador OUer
French Protests

ROME, Feb. 14.---Despite the
strenuous efforts Of the French am
bassador, NJ. Barrere, to prevent the
final sealing Of the. Russian treaty,
the new Italian ambassador TO Rus
sia, Count Masoni, and the CONNER
cial representative, Commentator
Marriani, are on their way to Mos
COW.
The treaty itself is slap in the
face to France and it Is stated here
in official circles that even after the
signatures were attached to the
treaty the French government made
an effort to have Italy send only
a charge d'atfaires without plenipo-
tentiary powers.
The fact that the British Labor
Party government had recognized
the Soviet government outweighed
the protestations Of the French.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15
open Bank In Los Angeles.

LOS ANGELES, Feb. 14.-Local
labor unions are coming to the sup
port of The Peoples Bank of Los
Angeles which will open on or about
March 10. 1t will have the prestige
and backing of the three branch
banks, San Bernardino Valley bank,
Needles bank, and Bakersfield Ma
tional bank, according to announce
ment by President Walter F. Nc
Caleb Of the local institution. Con-
troll Of the Bakersfield bank was
secured by the purchase of McCaleb
and his associates of $4,000 worth
of stock.
Carpenters unions number 1853
and 426 purchased $4,000 worth of
stock in the bank here each. The
Plasterers' union bought $4,000 and
the Culinary Workers Alliance of
San Pedro, $4,000. The sale of stock
will close March /.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15
Maintenance Men Hit.

Employees of the maintenance Of
way and maintenance Of equipment
forces have been chiefly affected by
the lay-offs of the last few months.
This follows the regular precedent
by which railroads manipulate their
net profits as the occasion seems to
require. Between August and No
vember the number of full time jobs
paid for in the shops has decreased
by 21,136 and the number Of full time
jobs ia the maintenance of way de-
partment by 66,584.
Altho the average wage paid to
workers paid on the hourly basis
amounted to $128.10 in November,
this included considerable amount
of overtime. Straight time earnings
averaged only s110.7O for the month
or at an hourly rate Of 57.2 cents.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15
Louise Buried in Texas.

ALVARADO, Tex, Feb. 1.-THE
body Of Louise Lawson, "a year old
Texas girl, murdered in her apart
ment in New York last Friday, lay
at the home Of Louises uncle, viii
Norman, here today. The casket ar
rived in Cleburne yesterday and was
brought to Alvarado for the funeral
this afternoon. Delay in arrival Of
the body caused postponement Of the
services from Wednesday until today.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15
stiIl Use War Substitutes.

INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, Feb. A.
"In some cases / believe war sub
stitutes are still being used in bread" I"
Mrs. w. H. Hart, president Of the
Indianapolis housewives league, dec
Jared in commenting in charges made
in Washington that a bread trust is
robbing American homes Of $1,00O,000
a day.
Maybe an investigation will help,
but it lcoks like the trust organiza-
tion is air tight"
WorL nail Co. sfTh. na;ivpp
The daily worker., 1924-02-15

Watch the Daily Worker" for the
first installment Of "a Week." the
great epic of the Russian revolution,
BY the brilliant young Russian writer,
Jury Libedinsly. II will start soon.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15

Know worker who needs a
working class education7 Get him
to read THE DAILY WORKER.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15

Ask Equality in labor Unions.
The daily worker., 1924-02-15

Work Daily for Tho D.ilyr
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27
Farmer-LabOr Campaign Opens

Duncan Mcdonald, workers candidate for pres
ident of the United States will open the election
campaign in Chicago on July 2, at Wicker Park
hail. 2O4O North Ave. Nominated by the unani-
nous voice of the workers and farmers gathered
in ST. Paul June II, Mcdonald is throwing himself
into the battle without hesitation. On July he
will deliver his first big wallop in the presidential
fight.
The struggle against capitalism began long ago,
it continues every day whether elections occur or
not, and it will end only with the downfall of the
capitalist system In this struggle the ballot box
and legislative halls are not the decisive factors.
But in the primitive state of development Of the
American working class this electoral struggle
will be of great Importance. 1t gives the oppor-
tunity to arouse the workers to the class issue.
1t helps to mobilize them in struggle. 1t gives a
forum from which the message of the workers
and farmers government can be delivered to great
masses of workers otherwise unapproachabe at
this time.
Every reader of The Daily Worker should get
into the harness with the same enthusiasm, and
the same promptness and energy with which Dun
can Mcdonald launches the campaign which he
has been selected to lead. Just as the worker
candidate of the workers gets down to business,
and without ceremony or hesitation begins the as
sault upon the coil parties of the capitalist Glass;
so must every classconscious and revolutionary
worker get into the battle and do his part to
make this campaign great education and mobil-
ization of the working class against capitalism.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27

to be discussed with the utmost de-
tail, and along two lines:
In the first place by the repetition
and analysis of everything which i'm
mediately preceded the war, showing
clearly to all present that they do not
know, or pretend that they do not
know, whilst in reality they do not
want to admit it, the crux of the
whole question, the essential point
which has to be recognized before
there is any thought of combating
war. am of the opinion that the full
discussion of this point implies an
analysis of all judgments and all
opinions held at that time with re-
gard to the war by the Russian So
cialists. 1t is necessary to point out
that these judgments were not formed
accidentally, but arose out of the ma
ture of all modern wars. 1t must be
pointed out that without an analysis
of these views, and without an ex-
PLANTATION of how they were inevitably
bound to be formed and of how they
are of decisive significance for the
question of combating war-without
such analysis it is impossible to
speak of any preparation for the event
of war, or even of conscious attitude
towards war.
In the second place every present
day conflict, even the most trifiing,
must be adduced as an example of
how a war NAV break out any day
with no further cause than a quarrel
between England and France with re-
gard to some detail of their agree
ment with Turkey, or between Amer
lea and japan over some unimportant
difference referring to a question Of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27
The Order of the DoubIe-Cross

Warren S. Stone, head of the Engineers union,
is supposed to be an outstanding supporter Of
LaFollette. 1t will therefore be surprise to the
innocent ones who are not familiar with the un-
derground politics of the "Order of the Double
Cross" to learn that Stone has sent agent to the
democratic convention, fully authorized to speak
for him, with instructions to work for the nomina.
ton of McAdoo to whom support is pledged.
What a congomeration of corruption and
treachery will gather at Cleveland on July 4th at
the G. p P. A. meeting! Every man-jack of that
aggregation who has enough power to swing or
claim to swing lite block of votes, is busy ped
ding them to the highest bidder. Not only that,
they offer them Unfortunately to all and sundry,
and sell them and over again to opposing
camps. Stone, boosting LaFollette and support
ing McAdoo under cover is but sample of the
whole rotten crew.
One and all, these bureaucrats are enemies of
the FarmerLabor party; they were united in the
efforts to crush the st. Paul convention June
18th; they are all against independent action by
labor in the politics of the nation they OPP
posed to a workers and farmers government. The
is obvious-their business is to sell the Ia
Dor movement Unfortunately to either or both
parties of capitalism. They belong to the "Order
of the Double Cross"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27
Tasks of Russian Delegation at the Hague

take part in every reactionary war.
1t would be an excellent thing to
take a number of examples-from Ger
man pre-war literature, or as a spe-
cial instance the Basic congress in
1912-for the purpose of demonstrat-
ing in an effectively concrete manner
that the theoretical recognition of the
fact that war is crime, that war is
unbelievable for socialists, ETC., is all
mere words, since these assertions
have nothing concrete behind them.
We give masses no actual living idea
of how war can break out. On the
contrary, the dominating press bushes
this question up to such an extent,
and spreads such a daily veil of lies
over it, that the weak socialist press
is completely powerless in compari-
son, the more in that it has always
adopted a wrong viewpoint on the
subject, even in peace times. Even
the communist press is at fault in this
respect in most countries.
l believe that our delegates will
have to divide the task among them
at the international congress of the
Co-operatives and Trade Unionists,
and will have to expose down to the
smallest detail, all those sophistries
being employed at the present time
in justification of war.
Perhaps these sophistries form the
chief medium for involving the masses
in war; the chief weapons of the bour-
geois press, and the most important
circumstance in explanation of our
power lessness against war is the fact
that we either fail to shatter these
sophistries before it is too late, or we
damage our own cause still further
by cheap, boastful, and entirely emp
ty phrases: we shall not permit any
war, we realize the criminal nature Of
war, and so forth, in the spirit of the
Basic manifesto OF 1912.
believe that If we have a few
speakers at the Hague conference
who are capable of delivering a speech
in this or that language against war,
their most important task will be to
refute the idea that those present at
the conference are opponents of war,
that they have any idea as to how
war can and must break out when
they least expect II, or that they have
found even a fraction of the means
required for combating war, or that
they have the faintest notion of adopt
ing any rational line OF action cal
culated to be. efficient in the war
against war
In connection with the latest ex-
periences OF the war, we must show
what great number of theoretical
and practical questions we have to
face on the very day following the de-
claration Of war-questions which will
rob the overwhelming majority Of
those called TO the colors of the pos
sibility of taking up a position to
them with clear heads and conscien-
tious objectivity.
believe that this question will have
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27
Partial Employment

Reports from all over the country continue to
emphasize the growing industrial depression 1t
is doubtful if production will for long continue
above the crisis level of 1921. Each week the
amount of wages paid to the working class is
growing smaller. The army of unemployed swelIs
in volume daily.
The full force of the depression has not vet been
felt by the workers. One of the reasons is that
instead of immediate wholesale layoff of workers,
a system of parttime employment is being ex-
tensively applied This is one of the recommen-
dations worked out by the Harding unemploy-
ment conference in 1921, and it is being carried
out by the larger industries The steel trust, the
Pullman company, the great coal companies, par
ticularly, are operating upon part-time basis for
large numbers of workers, instead of full-time for
a small number with complete unemployment for
the rest.
While the blow of unemployment has thus been
softened by padding the hammer it still has fallen
just the same upon the head of the working class
And if the capitalists class has gained a point
in avoiding the demonstrations of protest and the
dramatization of unemployment, that has usually
gone with a depression severe as that now de-
veloping, it has lost point and the workers have
gained insofar as the blow has been spread over
greater mass of workers; the discomfort result
ing is not yet intense as it would otherwise be-
but it is far more fundamental and far-reaching
More millions of workers are learning that CAPT
talism is enemy that brutally starves, slowly
and relentlessly those workers who have created
all its wealth, whenever the incentive of immediate
profit points in that direction.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27

From the viewpoint of middle-class
politics, the conference (the Confer
ence of Progressive Political Action
may be justified, and gathering of
these liberal elements may perhaps
be desirable. What we fail to under
stand about the matter is the fact
that the national executive committee
of the socialist party has also decided
to send representatives to this con-
ference. What can the socialist party
hope to find there? Is this an admis-
sion of it's own weakness? Or what in
heavens name is it that it wants to
do there?
zone would think that the past had
shown, and shown most plainly, that
nothing is to be gained for the work
ers from these conglomerate gather
ings. AS long as no fundamental
changes are made in existing condi-
tons, these bourgeois liberals are in
clined, to certain limited extent, to
cooperate with us. But when it comes
to actually putting into practise so
radical program as that of the So
cialists, these gentlemen run away
from us, and not only leave us in the
lurch, but fight against us whenever
and wherever they find the opportun-
ity. And what reliance can be placed
on these elements in wartime? Was
not that question answered plainly
enough in 1917? Where did these peo-
pie stand then? They left us all in
the lurch and fought us into the bar
gain. And has not Germany shown us
conclusively how ruinous it is to trust
these liberals?
Are we then to learn nothing from
experience? The socialist party would
be committing political suicide, were
it to unite with these elements. If at
this moment we are not so powerful
in society, if our numerical strength
is not so great, it will not always be
thus. In any case, matters will not be
improved by cooperation with bour-
geois elements. For our problems, our
ideals, are so basically different, so
fundamentally opposed, that an al
lance with the Conference for Prog
ressive Political Action would be a
downright impossibility."
Situation in New York City.
This attitude no doubt reflects the
feeling of the isolated socialist party
members in other sections of the
country, with the single exception of
New York city. The metropolis has
situation all its own. Here there are
no socialist Office holders. All the al
dermen and state Legislators have
been voted out. But thru usurpation
of power the socialists have been able
to maintain their dictatorship in some
of the Jewish unions with internation-
al headquarters in the East, notably
the International Garment Workers
Union, the Furriers, the Capmakers
and Leather Workers. The policies
of these unions are not dictated by the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27

the Pacific ocean, or between any Of
the other great powers with regard to
disagreements about colonies, tariffs
or general commercial politics.
l am of the opinion that, should
there be the slightest doubt about our
being able to say all we have to say
against war, at the Hague conference
we must find out number of astute
devices enabling us to say at least
the most important things, and what
we have not been permitted to say we
must issue in the form of pamphlet.
We must not shrink from mourning
the possibility that the chairman will
break off the conference.
believe that we would further
promote our object by including in the
delegation, not only those speakers
capable of delivering complete
speeches, and commissioned to do
this,-that is, develop the main lines
of argument and to state the neces-
sary conditions for the combating of
war. Our delegation should also in
clude persons with knowledge of all
three leading foreign languages, who
would then enter into conversation
with the delegates, and would be able
to judge in how far the main argu-
ments are comprehensive. and to
what extent the necessity exists ~
adducing this " that argument or
example.
1t may be that in some questions
the sole effective means will be to
adduce actual examples from the late
war. In other questions the greatest
impression may perhaps be made by
the discussion of the present conflicts
between the various states, and the at
tendant possibility of recourse to
arms. With reference to the war
against war, it occurs to me that de-
clarations have been made with re-
gard to this subject by our Commu'
list delegates, in their speeches both
inside and outside of Parliament
which have contained entirely wrone
and frivolous assertions about wal
against war. l believe that such de
clarations, especially those made
bluCc thc WAL SHOulu NC lucCiutuly
and relentlessly opposed and the
names of the speakers stated. This
may be done with the utmost con
sideration when necessary, but not a
single case of this kind should be
passed in silence, for the adoption OF
frivolous attitude towards this ques-
ton is such tremendous evil that 1t
outweighs every other consideration,
and II is absolutely impossible tc
exercise any indulgence.
All and every material must be
lected without delay. and every Sc
arate partial question, every subo
vision Of partial question, and tn
whole of the strategy" must be dis
cussed in detail at the congress.
In such a question not only an err
ror on our part could not be tolerated.
but even lack OF completeness on
J any essential.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27

(The splendid document appearing
below was written by Vladimir Ilyitch
Lenin on Dec. 4, 1922. 1t was intended
as instructions for our delegation,
sent to the Hague to the conference
convened by the Second Information
al for the discussion of war against
war.-Gregory zinoviev.)
BY VLADIMIR ILYITcH LENIN.
XAIITH reference to the question of
wv combating the danger of war,
in relation to the Hague conference,
am of the opinion that the greatest
difficulty consists in overcoming that
prejudice which regards this question
as if it were simple, plain and compar-
atively easy.
1--WE shall reply to war with strike
or revolution"-this is the phrase
customarily employed by all influen-
tial leaders among the reformists of
the working class. And often enough
the workers and peasants are salts
fed and quoted by the radical ap-
pearance of such replies.
The best method would perhaps be
to begin with a most determined re-
lection of such views. 1t should be ex-
planned that particularly at the pres
ent time, since the last war, none but
the completest fools and most hope
less liars could suppose that reply
of this description is of any value
bofovar fouordc tho oOI,fiou of tho
problem of war against war; it should
be explained that it is impossible to
reply" TO a war by a strike, just as
it is impossible to reply to war by
a revolution" in the plain and literal
sense of the word.
1t must be definitely explained how
great is the secrecy surrounding the
birth of a war, and how helpless is
an ordinary labor organization, in the
face Of really impending war.
II must be explained over and over
again in a thoroughly concrete man.
ner how the situation was during the
last war; and as to the reasons why
the situation could not be otherwise.
Special attention must be called to
the fact that the question of defense
of native country" will inevitably be
put, and that the overwhelming major
ity of the workers will inevitably solve
this question in favor OF their own
bourgeoisie.
Therefore the points TO be placed
in the foreground are: first, the dis
cussion OF the question of defense of
native country" second, and in com
bination with this, the discussion Of
the question Of "defeatism," and fin
ally, the discussion of the sole pos
sible means Of combating war, 1. @.
the maintenance or formation of an
illegal organization of all revolution
lists taking part in the war, for the
purpose of carrying on unceasing
work against the war.
The boycott OF war is an imbecile
phrase. Communists are forced to
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-27
Amalgomated Into Battle

The Amalgamated Clothing Workers swung into
battle in the New York market Tuesday, fifty
thousand strong, to smash the wage-cutting cam
paign of the bosses in the mems clothing industry
They responded to war measures of the employers
by making war; with the result that the workers
are exerting the full power of their organization
in the midst of an industrial situation otherwise
rather unfavorable. The solidarity of the A. c.
w. membership will overcome all handicaps and
maintain the standards in New York, the largest
market in the industry. The whole labor move
ment should cheer on the fighters.
1t is unfortunate that workers in other sections
of the clothing industry, which are facing equally
hostile employers, have not equally militant or
CARNATIONS to fight for their interests. The Ia
dies garment trades face more intense crisis, but
instead of action they find their "leaders' fritter
ing away the strength and enthusiasm of the
membership in futile takfests, in commissions, in
legalistic jugglery.
BY throwing their massed strength into battle,
solidly and with enthusiasm, the workers in the
mems clothing industry in New York have taken
the only steps that could possibly stop the "open
shop" drive. Nothing will bring the bosses to
terms but power; they have no respect for the
justice of the workers. claims, but they have re-
spect for fighting determination. Fight on, mem
bers of the A. C. W., until victory is assured You
are fighting not alone your own battle, but also
that Of the whole working class!