The Dolores star., 1924-06-27

cal patriotisms" The Constitution divides the
powers Of government into the legislative, execu-
tive and judicial departments 1t may be thus sum-
married.
ARTICLE | deals with the legislative depart
ment congress- Sect. divides congress into
the house and senate Sect provides for the cleo
ton of representatives every second year; for the
qualifications of representatives; for their nppor-
tonment among the states according to population;
the right of the house to choose its own speaker
and have the sole power of impeachment Sec.
provides for the election of two senator's from
each state by the legislatures (by the Seventeenth
amendment in effect May 81, 1913, direct vote by
the people is substtuted) and for their quallnca-
uons. The vice president presdes and has vote
except in case of tie. The senate tries all
of impeachment.
Sect. leaves times. places and manner OF hold
ing elections for both houses to the state legisia-
lures. but gives congress power to alter such regl-
lations, except as to the places OF choosing
ators makes mandatory at least meeting of
congress each year.
Sect. gives each house the power to decide on
elections, returns and qualifications of Its own
members, to determine Its rules, to punish mem
bers for disorder. and, by twothrds vote to ex
pei u member.
Sect. has members of both houses paid by the
United States, and privileged from arrest except
for treason felony, or breach Of the peace and
bids any person holding Office under the United
States 10 be member of congress- any member
of congress to be appointed federal office created
with salary increased during his term In con-
gress
Sect provides that revenue bills must originate
in the lower house; the veto of the President may
be overcome only by vote of two-thirds
of each house; and if the President fail to return
to congress any bill within ten days 1t shall he law
unless congress adjourn within the ten days. when
1t shall be law
Sect defines the powers granted to congress:
to tax, but uniformly throughout the country to
borrow money: to regulate commerce. make
form laws on naturalization and 'on bankruptcy;
to coin money, and to fix standards of weights and
measures: to establish post offices and post roads;
to grant patents and copyrights; to constitute the
lower courts; to define and to punish pracies and
the like; to declare war; to raise maintain, and
control army and navy: to call out, to organize,
and to arm the state militias; to govern federal
district the seat Of government; and-the elastic
clause on the Interpretation Of which there has
been constant disagreement-to make laws neces-
sary and proper for execution of these powers,
and Of all other powers vested in the government,
or in any of its departments officers.
Sect. enumerates the powers denied to the
United States government: the prohibition of the
slave trade before 1908; suspension of the writ Of
habeas corpus except for public safety In rebellion
or Invasion; the passage of any bill of attainder,
or ex post facto law the levyng Of a direct tax not
based on population, or of any export tax CONNER
clal preference for one port over another levy
Ing duties on vessels sailing from one state to
other; the draft of money except by legal appropri-
alton; and the granting of any title of nobility
permitting the receipt. without consent Of congress-
of any present title from foreign state by per
sons holding office under the government.
Sect. 10 enumerates the powers denied to the
states Some of these. in the nature of a bill of
rights-e.g that there be bill Of attnnder or ex
post factO law-are repeated from the list Of pow
ers denied to the federal government; others deny
to the states what has been granted In the pre-
cedin2 selections to the federal government
ARTICLE II deals with the executive power vested
in President who with vice president Is elect
ed for four years by electors chosen by the states
the number of electors for each being equal to the
total number Of senators and representatives from
the states.
(The Twelfth amendment 1SO34) to the Con-
stiution makes the choice of President and vice
president separate: provides thar eIector vote
for candidates for both offices from the same state.
and stipuates that II there is choice by n ma
jOrity of the electors the house of representatives
voting by states shall choose by ma ajorIty PresI-
dent from the three highest candidates for the Of
fce and the senate choose by Jurity n vice pres
ident from the two highest candidates.)
Sects 2 and 3 detail the powers of the Presi.