davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
Fewer Railway Men
Do Much More Work
(By Federated Press)

Ottawa, Can.-In 10 years the
number of railway employees in Can
ada has been reduced by 1907, while
in the same period the mileage of
Canadian railways has been increased
by 10,469. Attention is called to this
fact by a memorandum to the Do
minion railway board by the railway
unions who are opposing a reduction
in freight rates, asked for by certain
manufacturing interests on the
ground that railway workers are
overpaid. The memorandum draws
the Inference from the figures given
that the railway workers in Canada,
as in the United States, are giving
proportionately greater service than
before the war.
The railway unions further deny
that railway wages are unduly high,
and assert that on the average they
are not sufficient to maintain a fair
standard of living. Before the war
wages were $3.50 of operating ex-
penses. In 1923 wages formed only
500 of operating costs.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
MORE POWER NOW PLAN AND
DEMAND OF 'BIG BUSINESS"
The Wall Street Journal Would Give President
Increased Veto Power on Appropriation Bills

New York-The Wall Street
Journal voices the financial
worlds opposition to "tinkering
with the constitution
said "tinkering" restricts the
peoples power.
In that case the "tinkering" is
craftsmanship of the highest order.
The w. S. ]. wants two changes in
the constitution. 1t wants the presi-
dent to have the power to veto spe-
cific items in appropriation bills with
out being obliged to return the whole
measure to congress, and it wants
things fixed so that when the presi-
dent calls an extra session of con-
gress, he can dictate to congress what
the law-making branch may consider.
The veto power over any appropria-
tion would be an abandonment of the
age-long principle that law-making
bodies control the nations purse
strings. This has been the great re-
straining power that the legislative
branch has always held over the ex-
ecutive.
The two suggestions of the Wall
Street Journal are in accord with it's
declaration of June 10, 1924: "Busi-
ness proposes that the president shall
govern the United States and is tax
ing steps to make its will effective"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
THE IMMIGRATION LAW
MEETS ENEMIES

WASHINGTON-"An elastic i'm
w migration" policy is part of
the legislative program of the
United States chamber of COM
merce, which has been placed be-
fore President Coolidge.
Other recommendations are:
Ship subsidy, opposition to the
Howell Barkeley bill, repeal of the
publicity feature of the income tax
law and a national commission to
study federal taxation.
The chambers immigration pol
icy would be in the hands of a
commission which would recon-
mend "a certain leeway, both above
and below the fixed quota" ac-
cording to business conditions, as
viewed by the commission.
This immigration policy, when
considered in conjunction with the
immigration policy of the Nation
al Manufacturers association, in
dicates that business interests are
determined to weaken, if not de-
stroy, the present quota law.
The manufacturers plan was
explained by their attorney, James
E. Emery, before a congressional
committee, early this year. Mr..
Emery said the law should permit
employers to go abroad, place men
under contract abroad, on wages
that would seem satisfactory
abroad, and bring them here if it
could be shown to a commission
that like labor could not be secured
in this country.
In opposing this plan, A. F. Of
L. representatives showed that un-
der the conditions of contracts
such as could be secured in dis
tracted Europe at this time, '1ike
labor" at the wages for which lab
Or could be secured there could not
be found in this country.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
CALLED DOWN
COURTS FAILED TO GUARD
INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS
The American Civil Liberties Union
Calls Attention to Some Recent
Supreme Court Rulings

Washington-The American Civil
Liberties Union, with Rev. John
Haynes Holmes as chief irritant, is
proving a thorn in the side of the
super-patriots who have been howlinR
for protection of the constitution.
Becoming tired of the yowls and
howls of Dawes and Coolidge to the
effect that the courts are the de-
tenders of individual and minority
rights, the union addressed letter
tain few facts before breaking the
rule and talking.
Quoting the dissenting opinion Of
minority members of the court in each
case, the union calls attention to the
following decisions which set aside
the constitutional rights guaranteed
each individual citizen in the follow
ing instances:
prison persons for the mere express
lnthe espionage act prosecutions dur
ing the war.
"The authority of the postmaster
general to exclude matter from the
mails which in his opinion alone adj
second class mailing privileges of
periodical. These powers as sustain
ed by the court drastically curtail th0
freedom of the press.
"Picketing, which is an exercise of
the right of peaceful assemblage, has
been restricted by the courts, in many
cases practically to the point of pro-
hibiting it.
"The supreme court has put it's ap-
proval on what are called yellow dog
contracts, under which employees are
virtually coerced into agreeing not to
join union and by means of which
union representatives can be and are
enjoined from attempting to organize
union, to speak to employees under
contract or in any way to agitate the
cause of unionism.
"The use of the power of federal
judges. to punish for contempt Of
court language used outside of the
presence of the court has time and
again curtailed freedom of speech.
The courts, using their power to
issue injunctions in industrial dis
putes, have denied to the workers
their power to assemble and express
their views. The courts by the exer-
else of this power have shut the
mouths of union men the country over
IN nationwide strikes, have stopped
their printing presses and have pre-
vented them from organizing and
picketing. The injunctions issued by
federal courts against the United
Mine Workers, against the railway
shopmen and others are notable ex-
amples."
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
No Grain Middlemen
In Australia Now
(By Federated Press)

Melbourne, Australia-Farmers in
Australia will continue to market
their wheat under the one co-opera-
tive pool system that has operated in
Australia since 1915. The system has
been successful in giving the farmers
the full value of their wheat less cost
of marketing. No middlemen grain
sharks are allowed to operate. The
state and federal governments super
wise the arrangements.
The governments are now taking
steps to make the system entirely
self-supporting. Hitherto, the gov
ernments have financed the selling
operations, recouping themselves
from the money secured in the sale
of wheat. 1t is now decided that dur
ing the next three years, the farm
ers will contribute a percentage of
their earnings to sinking fund, suf-
ficient to carry on the pools without
government assistance.
The following regulations are laid
down by the governments for the
pools during the next three years:
1. Pools in all the wheat-producing
states, to operate for three years.
2. One selling organization for the
disposal of wheat overseas.
8. One chartering agency to con-
troll all shipping and freight for
wheat exported.
4. A guarantee for three years by
the state and federal governments to
the Commonwealth Bank for all
wheat in such pools up to 800 of the
export market price at the opening
of each season.
5. A levy on each bushel of wheat
on a sliding scale, according to the
price realized, to build up fund over
three years period to enable the in
dustry to finance it's own operations.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
Electrical Workers
Start Insurance Co.
(By Federated Press)

Washington-An old-line life in
surance enterprise has been launched
by 939 members of the Intl. Brother
hood of Electrical Workers, under di-
rection of their general officers and
in connection with their general of
fices in the Machinists building in
Washington. The Union Cooperative
Life ASS, as it is called, wrote ST.
100000 of insurance the first week,
ending Nov. II, and with capital of
100000 and surplus of 100000 paid
up, and no promotion costs, it anti
cipates a prosperity even greater
than that gained by the labor banks.
The electrical workers organized a
death benefit association among their
own members in January, 1922, re-
stricting the payments to $1,000
maximum for members in good stand
ing for five years. Sept. 80, 1924,
this association had assets of $751;
900. The general officers decided
that with very little additional over
head expense they could go into the
field of regular life insurance of all
kinds. Old-line companies take from
20 to 500 of the premium they re-
ceive on life policies as their charge
for handling the insurance. Forty
million people in the United States
today hold $60,00O,000,0OO of life in
surance, and the money held bv the
insurance companies is increasing so
rapidly that it has been estimated
that in so years the companies will
be able to control the industrial life
of the nation.
AS with labor banks, the electrical
workers believe organized labor
should adopt a cooperative plan for
disputing with private monopoly the
control of this vast source of money
power.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
Must Care for More
Striking Coal Miners

Yorkville, GA. R. Watkins,
Ohio's member of the international
executive board of the miners union
attended a meeting of the unions
committee on organization in Char
lesion, w. Va, where arrangements
were made to care for additional
thousands of striking miners and
their families in the non-union fields
of West Virginia. The union is now
spending $4,000 a month to feed the
men and their families, and, based on
predictions of 5000 additional quit
ting in the past two weeks, thinks it
will be necessary to care for total
of $4,000 persons, boosting the ex-
pense for food to 100000.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
DOHENY'S LOAN TO FALL
IS SHROUDED IN SECRECY
Fraud, 1legality and Conspiracy Among Charges
Made by Government Attorneys

Los Angeles, Calf. - Fraud,
conspiracy and illegality were
asserted by the government to
have constituted the background
out of which Edward L. Doheny
and Albert B. Fall, secretary OF
the interior in 1922, evolved the
California naval oil leases to the
Doheny interests.
at was Doheny's master mind tnat
controlled everything on behalf OF nus
company" the government attorneys
told the federal court.
In connection with the deal, the
prosecution said, the evidence SHOWS
that Fall got 100000 from Doheny
in an alleged loan, and that Doheny
got a property which, Doheny hlm-
Self calculated, would yield his COM
pany $1O0,000,OOO.
Fall dealt with Doheny in a way so
lavish as never before known in pub
lie history, the government attorneys
declared. Secretary of the Navy
Denby was declared to be rubber
stamp" in the transaction.
Referring to the 100000 which
Doheny lent Fall, the prosecution IN
sisted that whatever the motive be-
hind it, the lending of the money
placed Fall in Doheny's power at a
time when Doheny, as a business
man, was dealing with Fall as gov,
ernment official for contracts and
leases of public nature.
at has been said that this was
loan. Then why the secrecy?" the
government attorneys asked. The
cash was delivered by Doheny' S own
son, and Gin two weeks that note was
torn" the purpose of which, accord
ing to the prosecution, "was obvious
ly to relieve Fall from obligation to
pay this note" To sustain this posi-
ton, the government pointed out,
"there was no record of this note in
Mr.. Doheny's books"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
It's a Dry Nation
But a Wet Capital

Washington-It would be easy to
elaborate a fine theory to the effect
that with the prohibition of intoxi-
cants drunkenness had vanished and
crime of all kinds had materially de-
creased. But unfortunately the con-
crete conditions of affairs in this Dis
trict is something very different.
According to the official reports of
the superintendent of the police,
drunkenness is increasing, the driving
of automobiles while drunk is becom-
ing more common, both felonies and
lesser crimes are increasing in num-
bers, and there is a marked increase
in juvenile crime.
That is the condition that confronts
Washington and many other commun-
tiles. Obviously it discredits the
theory that the enactment of -prohibi-
tion would, ipso facto, greatly dimin-
ish crime, including juvenile crime;
and it is a serious question whether
it does not also discredit the enact
ment itself. The police seem to have
been vigilant and efficient. They ar
rested no fewer than 16 per cent of
the entire population of the District,
and they arrested 2 per cent of the
entire population for drunkenness.
Those are appalling figures.
The superintendent of police
touches upon vital factor of the
problem when he recommends amend
ment of the Volstead Act. That is
no reflection upon the principle of
prohibition itself. 1t is recognition
of the fact that the act in it's pres
ent form is not enforceable. A mod
crate act that can be enforced is pref
cradle to stringent one that cannot
be enforced.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
HERE THEY ARE
BOUQUETS AND BRICKBATS
ARE DISTRIBUTED
Commendation and Criticism Handed
Out PrOmiscuOusly as Deemed
Just by Our Hired Man
THE CHRISTMAS CLUB

One of the most satisfactory, best
and easiest ways of accumulatinng
money, which is absolutely safe, is to
join one or more of the Christmas
Clubs conducted by the banks and
building associations of Newark. :,
There are several plans proposed,
one of which is sure to please the
most exacting depositor, and you may
begin with any sum desired, and az q.
ter YOU once make a start your pile
like the snow ball the children roll
in the yard, grows larger and larg-
err, and by Christmas, 1925, you will
have accumulat \ comfortable
"wad" which comes in most convent
emily just when you need few extra
sheckles to help you out.
If you have never been a club mem
ber, join now and you will in all prob
ability be a lifelong subscriber.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
GRAND JURY IN FLORIDA INDICTS
SEVERAL FOR PEONAGE PRACTICES

Pensacola, FLA federal grand
jury has indicted Sheriff Clark and
County Judge Chafin of Calhoun
county, and several other persons in
connection with alleged peonage prac-
tices in the turpentine fields of that
section of this state.
Following an exhaustive investiga-
tion by federal agents, the accused
are charged with having arrested
laborers and bringing them to trial
before Judge Chafin. The latter, it
is stated, has admitted to federal of
ficials that he Imposed COSTS" with
an added $100 for services of the
men to go after the laborers."
The prosecution, it is claimed, will
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
Gratis"

Rats of all ages, sizes and descrip-
tion are said to infest. and to literally
overrun some sections Of the city, in
Guiding many of the business houses
and cellars around the square. And
it is alleged that these pests are in
creating and multiplying so rapidly
that they are becoming menace and
a great nuisance. The value of goods
annually destroyed runs up into the
thousands of dollars, and steps should
be taken to rout this routhless army
of invaders.
If systematic campaign of de-
struction should be waged in a busi-
ness like manner much could be ac-
complished. Traps set regularly and
carefully usually bear fruit, and many
of the old timers, too wise to enter a
trap, may be laid low by carefully
prepared dose of poison.
Get busy on the job, start a rat
hunt, and evidences of it's success will
soon be observed.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28

tell a narrowing tale Of brutality to-
ward men who escaped from these
camps. When captured, some of the
fugitives were stripped of clothing,
fastened to the ground and lashed.
The trial it is declared, will show
that the evils of the convict camps in
the turpentine fields continue, though
the state Legislature passed bill
forbidding the leasing of convicts to
private companies and abolished the
lash in prison camps.
This law followed the death Of
Martin Tabert of North Dakota, who
was arrested for riding on freight
train. He was leased to the Putnam
lumber company, in whose camp he
was flogged
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
GIRLS. HERE'S A TIP

The "Hired Man" ran across the
following item in newspaper the
other day, and having the interest of
the flapper high school friends at
heart, thought perhaps the Newark
girls would feel inclined to take a
tip from their neighbors down south.
At any rate, here it is:
"Girl students in high school all
over the country are showing a dis
position to return to common sense
ways and eliminate a good deal of the
Oriental practices into which they
have degenerated during the past
few years.
"The girls of the Asheville, N. c.,
high school several days ago passed a
Continued on Page Ten)
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
Millions in Benefits

Cincinnati-The $5,000,000 mark
for sick benefits is being rapidly
reached by the International Molders'
Union. The latest report shows that
from January l, 1896, to September
80, 1924, the union expended S4,709,-
764.45 for this purpose.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
Many BOOtleggers
Flourish i'm Toledo

Toledo-F. S. Evans, deputy state
dry commissioner, has conducted
number of raids in this city and has
made several arrests during the past
two days.
Mr.. Evans declares there are in
excess of 5000 bootleggers operating
in Toledo.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
Reduction Boosts Organization

Woonsocket, R. I.-Three new To-
calls of the United Textile Workers
union are in operation in the Globe,
Social and Nourse Mills of the Man
ville-Jenckes cotton company, the
$39 100000 concern which cut wages
1870 before election. The union start
ed the organization drive when the
cut was announced and declares the
former wages must be restored.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
MIR. WORKINGMAN:

The Leader is your paper. 1t
publishes matter pertaining to your
life and welfare. 1t wants your
support. Your cause would be
weak without a labor paper to
champion it. Support The Leader.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1924-11-28
MR.. MERCHANT:

Has it ever occurred to you that
The Leader goes into the homes
of the best paid workmen of New
ark and Licking county? 1t is
carefully read by every adult mem
Der of the household.
Evening star., 1924-04-01
U. S. Surveys Changing Seaboard
Bet,Ueen Chesapeake Bay and Florida

The Atlantic coast line from the
mouth OF the Chesapeake bay to the
Florida keys is now being surveyed
by the United States coast and geo
fetic survey in order to give mariners
who ply these waters accurate and
up-to-date charts to replace those
which are rapidly becoming obsolete
because of the ever changing nature
of this stretch of seaboard.
Undergoing repairs and general
overhauling at Charleston, S. c., is the
United States coast and geodetic sur
Vey vessel Lydonia, commanded by
Lieut.. j. II. Hawley, which worked
hard all summer Off Cape Fear, N. c.,
and as far south as Bull bay. S. c..
Wnen she is shlp-shapc again she
VIII proceed to Florida waters and
take up her work again, in a climate
which permits of winter surveying.
Charts Century Old.
Some of the surveys. on which the
charts now used on the Atlantic
coast were based, were made as far
pack as a century ago, when sailing
vessels were in the.r prime and the
Dig steamers of today hadn't been
thought Of The navigation prob
lem, therefore, has undergone a
change necessitating new surveys and
more accurate knowledge Of the
waters lying many miles from shore
Ihe present survey, which contem-
plates the whole area mentioned
above, is in part a resurvey and in
part q survey Of waters which never
have been charted. The work will
extend out to the 100-fathom depth.
This resurvey is made necessary
largely because of the constant
changes taking place along the shore
line as result of the endless assault
Evening star., 1924-04-01

of the waters upon the land. Some
channels, known to mariners hun
dred years ago. are now shoals, and
vice versa, with the result that un-
charted mens,ces to navigation have
been created.
Soundings for Depth.
The work of charting this area
contemplates not only finding the
depth of the water, but sweeping with
the wire drag for hidden rocks. OBJ
serving the strength and direction of
the currents and tides and mapping
the whole with reference to given
points along the shore, so that the
skipper can locate himself by noting
a point ashore, or, if he be out of sight
of land, his soundings compared TO
those on the chart will tell him his
approximate position.
The increasing commerce along the
Atlantic coast and the Importance of
the southern states in contributing
to the commerce of the world has
added to the significance of the work
now being done by the coast and geo
detic survey, branch of the gov
ernment service which aims to keep
one lap ahead of the problems of the
next generation. Within a few years
the route which leads from north to
south along the Atlantic coast, with
all the harbors and inlets and navig-
able river entrances along the way,
will be completely charted and the
results made available.
Evening star., 1924-04-01

and preparatory grades, if it had
been entitled "An act to prevent pa
rochial and private schools from
teaching the grammar grades" the
opinion holds.
This serves" the opinion contin-
ues, "to emphasize the seriousness of
the controversy Indeed, the simile
is no stronger than the argument
for. the adoption of the measure,
which put 1t:
"A divided school can no more sue
ceed than divided nation That such
is the purpose of the act is obvious
and incontrovertible.
1T cannot be successfully combat
ed that parochial and private schools
have existed almost from time i'm
memorial--so long, at least. that their
privilege and right to teach grammar
grades must be regarded as natura
and inherent, as much so as the priv
lege and right of tutor to teacn the
grades. as was held in Meye- VS..
Nebraska, supra.
Right OF State.
'The right of the state to estab-
lish as its school policy compulsory
education within it's boundaries is
conceded. Practically all the states
in the Union have adopted such a
policy. But no state has Ventured so
far as to eliminate parochial and pri-
vate schools from participating in the
promotion of the policy"
The decision was in cases brought
by the Hill Military Academy Of Port
land, private school for boys, and
hv the Society of Sisters of the Holy
Names OF Jesus and Mary, a Catholic
institution, having charge of paro-
chial schools. The defendants are
Gov. Walter NJ. Pierce. Attorney GEN
eral l. II. Van Wrinkle and Stanley
Myers, district attorney of Multno-
nah county.
The bill. originally proposed by the
Scottish Rite Masons, became one Of
the main issues in the general election
of 1922. being backed by the Fed
Grated Patriotic Societies and the Ku
KluX Khan
Evening star., 1924-04-01
OREGON TO APPEAL
SCHOOL LAW VERDICT
State to Ask Supreme Court for
Right to Ban Parochial
Institutions.
ACT DECLARED ILLEGAL
Three Federal Judges Uphold
ACT DECLARED ILLEGAL
Three Federal Judges Uphold
Right of Private Teaching.
Bv the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
PORTLAND, Ore. April Appeal
70 the United States Supreme Court
will be taken from the decision rem
dered here yesterday by three fed
sral judges, holding unconstitutional
the Oregon compulsory public school
law. adopted by the voters as an in
itiative measure in 1922.
Circuit Judge William B. Gilbert
with District Judges C. e. Wolver-
ton and R y. Bean, rendered the de-
ciSion.
The opinion of the three Judges de-
tended the right Of private schools to
exist in the state, holding that their
privilege TO teach grammar grades
must he regarded as natural and in
herent"
Bars Private schools.
The act could not be more effective
for utterly destroying the business
and occupation of the complainants
schools, except perhaps the colleges