Evening star., 1924-03-23
Iteration of 2 american Archbishops
To CardinaInte First Dual Ceremony Y
Father Bernardni of Catholic University Describes
Public Feature of Erent in Rome as Extremely
Simple-Red Hat Not for Wear.

he has chosen AFchbishopS Mundeleln
and Hayes for elevation to the car
dinalatc. His power to do this has
become absolute. but. merely as
matter of form. he asks the college
if there is objection. Without even
50 much as hesitatinS for the reply,
the Pope proceeds, almost in the
same breath. to announce:
There being none, the cardinals
therefore are elected.
The form of the ELECTION has been
handed down through the centuries
and is relic of the time when OBJ
jectionS might he. and often Were,
offered by the existing colleges and
discussions were entered into. At
times the objections were so strong
that nomination were withdrawn.
Nothing of that sort has happened.
however, for several hundred years.
The Pope alone may pass upon the
choice OF his counSellorS.
As soon as the secret consiStory is
closed, two monSignorS of the Pope's
personal staff leave the Vatican and
call upon the newly created cardinals
at their places of residence in Rome.
There the two cardinals will be found
in waiting Surrounded by group of
friends. The monsignors present each
new cardinal with Il letter. The re-
clplent hands it to his closest friend
present, someone especially selected
for this distinction. The friend opens
the letter and reads it to the cardi-
nal. The letter is signed by Gasparri.
pontlhCal secretary of state, who is
pleased to inform the recipient that
the holy father has appointed him as
a cardinal and will be ready to re-
ceive him the following afternoon for
the first ceremony of investiture. The
monSiEnorS. messengers of the pope
deliver personally Il speech of con-
srdtulation. Ihe new cardinals re-
spond with a full appreciation of the
honOrS bestowed upon them
From the time of the notification
until Tuesday afternoon the new car
d'nals Will he engaged in receiving
personal and official calls from their
friends, from the clergy, diplomats
etc.
Tuesday Ceremony.
Tuesday afternoon when the two
new cardinals go to the Vatican to
receive their birettaS, the ceremony
will take place in one of the small
chapelS. There will be present the
holy father, the two new prelates.
and invited friends to the number of
l50 or 200-all the chapel will ac-
commodate. The only other cardinal
present at this ceremony is the secre-
tary of state. Ushered into the pres
ence of the pope. the two new cardi-
hals kneel at the foot Of the throne
and the pontiT personally places the
red ecclesiastical cap upon each bow
ed head.
1t is his will, then, 10 deliver .
second allocution which will deal IN
rms case especially with the affairs
OF the United States. This speech
from the pal.al throne is awaited
with Keen interest by American Cath
oilc&. The holy father will bless the
two cardinals and make brief refer
their oh I,
and their worthineSS TO take their
places in the sacred collage. The
response to such an address ALWAYS
Is made by the eldest in the episco-
deIeln Of Chicago, who was conse-
Grated in 1909. Archbishop HAYES
was consecrated in 1914
The biretta placed upon the head
of ca n new cardinal is red square
cap, similar to the black cap ordi-
narily worn by priests. In Rome the
bishops of the church also wear black
caps, but in other countries bishops
generally wear a violet biretta cor
responding with the color Of their
cdSSock. The biretta should in no
wise be confused with the red hat"
Following the ceremony of the
biretta, there will be a hiatus of one
day, and on Thursday comes the SOL
emn consistory in st. Peters. The
hall of the Vatican, where such cere-
monies usually are held, is under re-
pair. In the main auditorium of St
Peters the throne has been erected
for this consistory. This is the big
event, open to the public, and is at
tended by all the cardinals, arch
bishops and bishops in Rome, by
members OF the diplomatic corps ac-
credited to the Vatican and by all
officials of the Vatican. All the off
cialS present wear the high uniforms
and vestments of their offices and the
scene is one of medieval splendor Ii
has been reported in this country that
the veStmentS of the new cardinals