davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
FARMERS GOING BROKE
TURN TO CITIES ADDING
TO PRESSURE ON WAGES
By LYNN ]. FRAZIER,
l.. S. Senator from North Dakota.
written for International Labor News Seryiee.)

How great stake does labor have in the prosperity
of tbe American farmer? Without any hesitancy what
over say very great indeed 1t is great in fact that
cannot easily be overesmated To realize this one has
ny TO recall that the webeng of Labor depends upon
the continuing activity and earning power of the mills the
mines the factories the transportation companies and the
building trades And what is necessary IN order that
these industries be kept continuously and protaby
rive? strong and lively demand for the goods that they
noduce or transport. That demand let impress it
Strongly must come in large from the farmers
For Of the total purchasing power of the country, forty
ne rcent is computed to arise IN the farmer group
Now the farming population of the country is today
and has been since 1920 in decidedly distressed cond
tion 1t is actually financially broke and in sort of
condition to furnish any demand for goods at all During
the last four years farmers practically speaking in any
part of the country have made any money! on the other
hand the vast majority have individually and collectively
ost hundreds of millions of dollars When the collapse Of
our war imitation came in 1920 it brought ruin, actual
msness financial and social ruin to over million farm
m This is proven and the cold facts of the matter made
available for anyones scrutiny by recent survey made
b the United States Department of Agriculture under
the direction of Secretary Wallace. He found that in
fifteen principal agricultural states, twentysix per cent
had lost their property since 1920 would have lost it
except for the lenency of their creditors That s over
onefourh of the total farming population of prnc
pal farming area has been completely wiped out! No
demand from these people, surely for the products of
mills factories mines and railroads, obviously enough for
they have money with which to buy
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
LAB0R'S INTEREST IN TAX
REDUCTION AND NATION
AL INDEBTEDNESS BRADY

Official declarations matters of national policy are
made at annual conventions of the American Federation
of Labor and interim pronouncements by its executive
ideas of those who support the Mellon plan and gen
eraly aligned with the opposition. Some trade unionsts
may support the Republican ADMINISTRATORS program.
The large majority, however, are numbered among its
severe critics joining the progressive farmer organiza
tons in rejecting plan that will lift to such large extent
the SurtaX on the millionaire class
The tax burden left by the war and the war debts
considered at the 1927 (CineinnatO convention and
the fedeaons official position recorded in the follow
ing resolution:
Resolved That the American Federation of Labor
in convention assembled declares against the imposition
of retail general sales tax turnover tax or any
other tax consumption and opposes the repeal of the
profits tax and demands that the highest rate of
taxation levied during the be retained until the full
money cost of the has been paid and further demands
that the government promptly levy rapidly progressive
upon the value of land and other natural resources
specuatvey held in order that the national debt may be
promptly retired"
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
LABOR URGES PRES
ENT CONGRESS TO
ENACT LAWS

Various bills before congress have
an important bearing on the future
of organized labor, according 10 re-
port of the American Federation of
Labor committee in the American
Federationist.
All of these bills arc being sabieet-
ed to strenuous opposition The m
tensity of the opposition is evidenced
in threats against the standing OF
congressman who are known to have
endorsed the bills and whose votes are
counted on in procuring passage.
The outstanding bills for which
labor is contending are as follows:
1. Immigration for protection OF
the American people. This Is largely
supplied in the new immigration bill
which will be sustained by President
Coolidge.
2. Settlements of disputes between
railroads and employees.
8. Child labor amendment to the
constitution.
a. Workingmen's compensation foi
the District of Columbia.
5. Adjusted compensation for for
mer service men.
6. Adequate wages Tor school
teachers.
7. Adequate wages for postal en-
ployes.
While labor is attempting to put
over these measures and is succeeding
gradually in every instance the oppo'
sition is active in attempting to force
through a bill providing for con-
scription of labor in peace and war
a plan that has never yet been adopt
ed by any civilized nation on earth.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09

This special report of Secretary
WALLACE ON the western states fur
ther shows the following startling
conditions to exist in that region, IN
Minnesota twenty-seven per cent OF
the farmers are bankrupt today; in
South Dakota thirty-nine per cent are
in that condition.; in North Dakota
ffty-one per cent; in Wyoming fifty
one per cent; in Montana ,sixty-two
per cent How much demand for
Iabor's products are such farmers
going to present to mills and shops
and stores?
And such a situation is general in
all parts of the country. If we apply
the percentage of bankruptcy found
in the fifteen western states to the
farmer population of the whole coun-
try We get as result 100000 farm
ers now financially on the rocks. A
terrifeally big hole in the effective
purchasing power of the country. No
lively demand for Labor's products
from that huge army of people for
they have no money to buy! Of
course these near two million farmers
have carried down with them thous-
ands of others in allied lines of busi-
ness too.
Young Men Being Driven from Farms
Then there is another aspect of this
very widespread farm disaster which
most yitally concerns Labor. 1t is
driving people away from the farms
by the hundreds of thousands, driving
them into the city, into the factories,
mines and mills, into the labor mar
ket, where they become a competing
element against the regular workers
dor bare subsistence and living.
Two million people left the farms in
me year 1922. They are still leav-
mg the equal volume and speed.
nhat Is of more significance, they are
leaylng the farm for good and all,
ana Will never return to it. They ae
mainly the younger men and women
ana they represent a terrible loss in
strength to the agricultural forces of
our country. They are the capable,
me experienced farm workers, and
their going permanently weakens our
nauoh because it saps away the
class. WI - - - =
What becomes of them in the towns
ana cities? They add an enormous
increase to the cheap labor supply
q GGsaiiaole to the industrial magnates.
iil,E ~ EGlty lie they are unframed, un-
sailed, SO they cannot demand high
eeses. vast numbers of them have
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
WOULD REDUCE
WAGES; COMPANY
"UNION" MUM

Chicago. May 3.-The Union Lead
er. published by organized street car
men, draws a moral from the an
nouncement that wages Of the Inter
borough rapid transit company, New
York city, will be reduced.
Thees workers are members Of a
company union" President Hedley
of the transit company says wages
must be reduced. II is announced tnat
mo statement has been made through
the brotherhood Of the intefborougn
employees" ,,.-
makes this comment:
"Of course no statement has been
made BY the brotherhood Of inter
borough employees President Hedley
of the interborough company Is the
brotherhood That is the reason no
statement has been made. The So
called brotherhood is a company
! union. The company, therefore
plays with its employees as i sees mt
! II reduces wages when it feels thai
way and makes the employees like IT.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
TWIN CITIES
SOON TO BEGIN
ENTERTAINING

The Grand Army Of the Republic
convention meets in Champaign June
1913. This event will be followed
on June 25-27 By the Christian En-
Aeayor convention. There will be a
week Of entertainment by the Premieg
chautauaua beginning the last Of
June. The W. o. W. convention Is
scheduled for August DO and the
American Legion convention will con
yene here September l-3.
In addition 10 these events The
Building Trades Council will stage
the Nat Reiss shows May rs to 81
and there will be a round Of enter
tainment including band concerts pu'
on bv the Trade Extension depart
ment Of the Chamber Of Commerce.
From all indications Twin City
residents will not have 10 look else.
where for entertainment during the
summer months.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
WIN INJUNCTION FIGHT
NULINOIS PRIMARIES

Chicago April 2GTrade unonts carried their antinuncuo
Republican primary election IN this state and ~on
impressive victory. n a..
campaign the workers did not ask that the go Of the
he
appeaed for a restoration Of government by law
the nomination. declared against the
INJUNCTION insisted that government BY law should function at
time be aside in times Of industrial disputes
ThuroW Engt0n who has an unfaYora9e
labor record legislature and who was supported by
special privilege. .-..--. - A.. A.. a.. ,,.t.,
movement everywhere indicates that militant opposition to
court usurpaian will eventually succeed.
e'u yis niasIy was The first IN history Of Illinois when
opposed iaoof
News Letter Of the Illinois state federation
Of labor -. a.. a,as.ia, t,o,yt, about bis
"Goyeuo Small firm stand on th" question Drought ABOUT MS
nomination. said the labor paper. -. - ,... .....t
significant. his Atuey
prrage and United Senator Med Mccormick met their
yeanzed labor Illinois, led By the Illinois state federation Of
question before the people
l1 % the proper remedy the injunction evil is placed
% - tlo stat9fe books and upheld by the courts
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
BONUS BILL
PASSES HOUSE
AND SENATE

The soldiers bonus bill was passed
bv the Senate last week after Sena-
tor ROYAL S. Copeland of New YORK
had made a determined effort to
amend it so as to include cash
option. r.
As passed, the bill provides for
paid-up insurance for all veterans
who are entitled to more than 500.
The officers of the American Legion
opposed all amendments on the ground
that President Coolidge would veto the
bill if it included a cash option. rof
months. Col. Thomas W. Miller, alien
property custodian, and other frlehaS
of the administration, have laDofeu
with the leaders of the Legion to nave
them accept a measure when the
President would agree to sign. -.
Senator Copeland took the position
that it would be better to force a
presidential veto than to accept an
unsatisfactory bill .,
One argument made in favor oi
nassinp the bill in the form satstac-
tory to the President was that me
bonus should be taken out oil the
Instead OF taking the bonus out oi
the campaign, the passage OF an uh-
Satisfactory bill has thrown the bonus
into the campaign and it Is predicted
Inv many members of Congress tha'
the question of granting the veterans
a casb option will be a live issue IN a
majority of the congressional ais'fie'S'
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09
BAERFACTS---
BY ]. NJ. BAER, The Congressman-Cartooni
international Labor News Service)
RADIO UP-TO-DATE!

Being internationally known expert radio because 1t
etng nothing shall take moment u !ou
'"'e 10 show how 70 the destruction OF fado.
Take teapot filled with oil of high Naval reserve Voage
mount oiled see lis own
ga select automaon of high station and get some So9 ct
efS to stretch the aerial from the vail IN wan
Per me Capitol in Florida having It run agfoHh s,e on
i'eh IN New Mexico Doheny Sinclair high
& es prepared with (Me Lean mixture and Obtain
''l e oil of Old Guard administration
members with three component
e Wine and OIL problem separate the oil "l9uL e
noticing gobules then with oher eooue
me Doheny and Sinclair brand and after getting cnuy
controlled by frequent currency carried IN sutcas L
ihee batteries of natural lncluang e
efea throughout the country intact by
@ system but during campaigns million dollar length Ten
the extremely heaVy-they
oeen known Fall They deliver at station COD As the
5et atoms fall for Hay movie directorDoheny and snei
st their dough waters. This entire oa e
frame in a green house X Street circuit
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09

hly Ia favor Of a soldiers bonus or
adjusted compensation a. it Is now
termed, the conventions repeatedly
going on roeard for aamN substantial
reward "for men who offered the 80.
nreme sacrifice Ia maintain political
freedom of our Republic" Labor
takes the position that wealth should
contribute heavily 60 discharge this
obligation, Ii Is said the bonus will
add two hillien To- our national debt
IL Is not too much To pay II will
mako necessary still more scientific
tax plan 10 properly distribute this
cost with least disturbance TO our
financial structure.
Peoples Money Wasted 10 Fight
striking Shopmen
There are other serious drains on
our national income that | Wish 10
draw attention to- II concerns our
own industrial affairs.
We have been told Of the wasiage
and public extravaganza resulting
ttVps sA,g taevesasss4se - Asss=s~
ttity Of available capital IN tax exs
empl securities, We challenge tha
statement that this sum Is wasted and
point to an actual sunandering OF
the peoples money FOR partisan and
unaocial purpose.
refer 10 the expenditure Of 81,
100000 of the peoples taxes by
Harry NJ. Dnughofiy, while Attorney
General of the United States To break
the strike Of railroad shopmen Ia
1929. United States matahala were
created by thousands TO work with
gunmen employed by the railroads
aud an army of strikebreakefs 70 de-
stroy the shop crafts, seven OF the
strongest labor unions affiliated with
the American Federation Of Labor
The railroads sauandefed twenty per
cent Of their 1923 revenue, $780,
100000 TO do this union.bnatlng job.
That same year unwaffanted gov.
eminent support was given the coal
operators who refused 20 confer with
the miners union but demanded
twenty per cent wage reduction when
the cost of living had gone up. THIS
pfecipiiated n six months struggle
which the union won despite military
assistance given the operators by our
government when they attempted to
run the collierica with strikebfeaks
ers. The miners lost wages, the non
union operators made profits aud the
public paid bin amounting 10 about
one billion dollars.
Use of Money to Break Strikes
Criminal Waste.
This Is criminal, needless waste.
This Is money expended to crush Ia
Dor and reduce wages. Had the
"open shop element been successful
In this assault on the wage eafnefs
We would not now be discussing what
10 do with a surplus arising out OF
our national wealth but iamenling
our national bankruptcy and the
menace Of an aroused and ruthlessy
exploited working class, Fortunately,
We have avoided that although the
union crushing employers did their
! best 10 thwart our efforts.
We concur with the progressive
farmer group in their program for
the development Of national sys-
tenn Of cooperative markets and re-
sent as they do "a national policy that
resulted in the violent deiiatlon OF
Continued on Page -
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09

young families and are IN desperate
financial circumstances. Work, work
at any price. under any conditions is
what they must have. So they COM
pete with the established labor supply
on life and death terms and lower
the standard for all.
City Populations Grow at Expense
of Country.
This they will continue to do, and
the agricultural class to dwindle and
wither away, as long as the condition
of the farmer is ignored apd neg
lected in favor of big business, for
eign industrial exploitation and the
general development of industrial LIE
regardless of the welfare OF the other
elements in our country.
As has happened again and again
in the past history of the world, city
populations are growing at the eX-
pense of the agricultural class; wages
in the cities must ultimately decline
steadily, the lot of the city workers
becomes harder and standards OF nv
ing among them lower and lower,
and eventually, if the movement Is
not checked by a thorough going ag-
ricultural revival, there must appear
the irresponsible, ragged. city ra6ble.
Once the American farmer class
was recognized as the glorious
strength of the nation, its solid toun-
dation and power. We all saw our
farmers as giving America its self
reliant, vigorous, commanding posi-
ton among the nations OF the earth'
But during the past twenty years
and especially since the Great war
the farmer has lost ground tremehd-
ously. In consequence the whoie
fabric of our national body has, oeea
weakened, its vitality lessened. II
Labor itself would advance to new
levels of comfort and enjoyment II
behooves all laboring men to take
Quick thought and heed for the eN-
ceedingly bad plight of our farmers
His purchasing power must be re.
stored: he must be so situated that
his sons and daughters will feel at
home on the farm; his old presuge
AS a prosperous, respected, seii-re-
liant citizen must be brought back
again. Otherwise there will be tor
Labor less opportunity to ENJOY goou
wages, good homes, good WORKING
conditions, nor will there be any
bright prospect for happy future
The wide discrepancy between the
price received by the farmer Tor nus
products and the price paid Tor the
same products by the ultimate con-
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09

A far back as 1928 the federation
was on record for Congress 10 enact
a law providing for a gradual increase
of taNes on swollen incomes, the reNe-
nues derived to be used for social
pufpoReH such as widows pensions,
old age insurance, for public works
and national development, The fed.
Grafton has repeatedly endorsed the
principle of the estate OF inheritance
tax. Ii wants the colossal war debt
10 be retired promptly 50 that future
generations viii not be burdened.
Neither the proponents or the op.
ponents OF the much advertised Mel
Ion plan have brought out the fact
that IL may take from thirty to Atty
years before the war debt Is paid un-
tess ample provision Is made for a
substantial sinking fund, now when
We can afford IL,
Labofs plan of taxation when II
becomes definitely formulated will
be as constructive aa its economic
r-ia-s ,.,lai~i. = h.-.s ~.-- s1~ ,--~A
| uai raising of the standard of living
of the American wage eafiiers. Trade
unioniatS observe with great satiefac.
ton our present sound economic con
dition. our wholesome retail trade
and the abundance of savinga avail
able for feinyestment In industry and
commerce as the best vindication of
theiyr traditional belief that fair
wages aud high living standard are
the foundation of our national well
being.
Workers Better on Than Ever
Before.
Labor Is better of than ever be-
fore in spite Of the tax rate aud a
war debt twenty times greater than
the national debt previous 20 lela,
Wages measured by the commodities
that can be bought are at the peak
both for skilled and unshlled labor,
with the exception of certain unor.
ganized industries employing women
and children and the white collar
group of teachers, elergymeD. Office
and technical workers.
Wage earnings are nearly ten per
cent higher than year ago. and The
cost of living has advanced but slight,
| ly. Average weekly earnings IN New
York State are 100 per cent higher
than in 1914.
The year Just ended has been one
Of the biggest years for corporate
profits despite the Rroans We hear
about the tax burden and the pros
poets for 1924 are equally bright
| Corporations reported profits agRre.
eating eight billions Of dollars last
year, gain of one and one-half bil.
| lion over 1922.
Labor Demands Quick Payment Of
War Cost.
Labor's official position, il will be
recalled. demands "THE HIGHEST
! RATE OF TAXATION UPON IN.
COMES AND EXCESS PROFITS
BE RETAINED UNTIL THE Full
| MONEY COST OF THE WAR HAS
BEEN PAID and promptly paid. II
favofs large inheritance taxes and
moderate taxes for moderate incomes
II favors restoration Of the excess
profits tax. and | may add full pub.
licity on how great have been the
profits Of some Of our giant eorpora.
tionF. exceeding thirty and forty per
cent in many instances. We believe.
Labor Is officially and uneauivoca'
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09

sumner must necessarily convince
averv fair-minded person that some
tbin9 is decidedly wrong. When ne
farmers receive seven and a hall pll-
iions of dollars for their annual pro-
Jnction and the consumers pay TWEEN
1.-TWO and a half billions for them II
y mighty easy to arrive at the con-
ci,eion that both the producer ana
tba ta7'cll consumer are being robbed, that
son,e or one is making an excess pront
and that neither the farmer nor me
aitg CO. worker who buys these products
Getting a square deal. The clty
Soyier and the worker upon the farm
must cooperate for general good.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09

Irish Free State asks for own am
bassador and immigration quota to
United States.
Trains pulled by gasoline moters
coming into use on French railways.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1924-05-09

British Labor Government carries carries
hin for construction Of warships Wit
aid of Conservative votes IN House o.
Commons.
The Washington times., 1924-07-07

for Miss Wilson, and she goes
through it and does well.
Crawford Kent, one of the 'old
reliables" of the screen, plays the
husband who strays from home at
a crucial period in his wife's life.
Mr.. Kent shows his talents in
Another Scandal" and does better
work than in by Divine Right"
in which he recently starred. It
is another role to add to Mr..
Kent's already long list.
The supporting cast is well
chosen and background of much
strength is built up. The stu.
atoms in this story are we'll placed,
but some of them highly improba-
BILE.
A novel and funny comedy is
Seen at the Rialto for this week in
addition to the feature picture.
Near Dublin" shows comedy at
its heighth in Ireland and gives
the audience more than the usual
number of laughs.
"Out of the Inkwell," a clever
cartoon, world and news events
and an excellent overture by the
Rialto Orchestra complete a pro.
gram rich in enjoyment and char
acteristic Of the fine bills shown
at the Rialto this season.. C. B.
The Washington times., 1924-07-07
RUM ROW THRILLER
GRIPS AT TIVOLI

Contrary to established custom,
the picture rather than the sur
rounding bill is the handspring Of
the entertainment at Crandall's
Tivoli this week. Not that the
subsidiaries aren't pleasant enough
in their way and deserving Of
whatever applause comes in their
direction; but on the other hand
none of them warrants running
to the nearest RCA office and
broadcasting a message to your
grandmother in London.
The feature Is one in which
Madge Kennedy is starred; but to
most habitual theatergoers-legiti-
mate and cinema--the important
thing will be that the play is from
the facile pens of that talented
and delightful pair, John Emerson
and Anita Loos. With a stream
OF the public's chuckles bubbling
In their wake, churned up by a
hundred and one previous farces
ana comedies, these co-authorS
have, in Three Miles Out"
steamed into rousing sea OF melo.
dramatic blood and thunder, with
a modern background of bootleg
ging off the Atlantic seaboard,
along rum row." to lend anthem
ITCHY to the narrative. Harrison
Ford plays opposite tho star,
whose Interpretation of her own
role is all that could be desired,
and plays very commercially in
part that almost audibly scree :hes
for an actor Of more mature years
and thicker sinews.,
BY far the most outstanding
performance Of the lot is that of
Ivan Linow as Bull Jorgen,
rascally first mate with a. pen.
chant for using the blackjack.