davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-01-27

view. There were no fences, no
barns. no houses and no haystacks.
Nature alone was the architect and
it made one think that. indeed,
God made the country and man made
the town"
The fields were of different sizes.
For miles we rode through tracts
whore the crops were almost infini-
tesimal in quantity. There were
patches as big as a bed quilt and
streaks Of grass or grain ten, fifteen
or twenty feet wide and many hum
dred feet long. Each of these streaks
and patches was owned by a peasant
or small farmer, and they show one
feature Of the strange division of
these Hungarian lands. How the
men know their own boundaries Is
hard to understand. but they till
these ribbonlike tracts year after
year. going out from their villages at
dawn to work in the fields and COM
ing home from them when the sun
sets. They must work in common.
for l seldom see a man or woman
alone on the landscape.
Leaving tracts of this kind, We
enter some of the estates of the
large landholders. Here the fields are
enormous. The usual tract devoted
to one crop is of fifty acres, and such
fields extend for miles on each side
of the roadway. Here the people are
working in gangs. a score of women
and a half dozen men all under one
overseer. Each sex stays by itself,
Evening star., 1924-01-27
By MARY MARSHALL,

The Chinaman discusses the degree
or cold on a winters day by the num-
Der of coats he wears. 4 "three-coat t
cold day" is fairly mild: there's nip
in the air when il is a four-coat cold
day, and by the time YOU get to a six
coat cold day you al least have the
satisfaction of feeling that it will
probably get no colder. If you pos
sess only six coats you hope it will
not.
This bit of Chinese idiom tells the
story of how folk in China fortify
themselves against winters cold
While We turn on more steam and
telephone demands for more heat to
the janitor below. or instruct the
furnace man to shake her we'll and
shovel on a lot of coal" the China
man really does add another coat.
Evening star., 1924-01-27

ment a soft gray suede jacket Of this
sort one young woman, as distin-
guished for her good golf as for her
good taste in dress, wears a shortish
woven wool scarf in bright green and
red Scotch plaid. These short wool
scarfs in bright plaids are also worn
with oilskins by boarding school and
college girls who brave ali weathers
For really "five-coat cold weather"
the winter girl may have resource to
a scarf so large as to be a shawl.
This she wears with much the negli-
gence Of the foot bali player on the
sidelines when he sits s1ouching TN
der the folds Of his woolen blanket.
Scarfs or shawls of this sort are to
be had fifty inches square. They
may be folded four-ply to make a
long. thick scarf, or folded from cor
ner to corner shawl fashion.
1t is with amazement that one vi.-
its the stocking counters nowadays
Evening star., 1924-01-27

but the overseer watches the women
and it seems to ME that they work
the harder.
The foregoing is a snapshot or so
of a trip | took yesterday over a
part of this great bread basket of
Europe. For generations the Hun
garien kingdom has been spoon feed
ing some of the neighboring nations
and. notwithstanding the evil condi-
tions following the world war, l un-
derstand that it will still have tens
Of millions of bushels of wheat for
export
The land is great basin sur
rounded by mountains and cut up by
great rivers. The Danube runs
through it and also the Theiso. Most
Of the mountainous sections We're
taken away by the powers when they
carved up Central Europe, but much
of the rich lands were left and tract
Of these bigger than the state of
South Carolina belongs to the new
Hungary.
Evening star., 1924-01-27

italian garden paved with blocks of
white stone with flowers and vines
growing between the rocks so that
they made a great bed OF white stone,
trimmed and embroidered with green
vines and flowers OF many colors.
Here the plants were such kinds as
verbenas. geraniums and others. the
names of which I do not know. We
picked our way over these stones
and walked through the wide corri-
doris that run around the mansion to
the center, where we looked out over
a mosaic court covering an acre laid
in patterns OF red and white stones,
through long avenues of woods, the
trees of which were trimmed so that
they formed wallis giving vistas
through which we looked to the end
Of his domain
And such a domain. 1t Is q prin-
cipality. 1t contains 10000 acres in
10 great farms OF 1000 acres each,
all under the highest cultivation and
all in great blocks nov ripe with
Evening star., 1924-01-27

Pie does not depend on his primitive
stoves to produce July temperature
in February. And, Interestingly
enough. he adds these additional coats
from without. He increases the
warmth Of his outer clothes, while
the occidental method, at least until
recent years. has been to add to the
weight of underclothing.
Now We seem to have swerved over
to the oriental method. And IT Is
most significant this season. when
all sorts of Chinese modes and man
ners have been adopted in the name
of fashion. True. we still strive to
maintain a summer heat in our homes
in midwinter. and we hope that it
will be maintained in restaurants,
theaters, stores, Offices and other
places where we must spend more or
less of our time. But women really
Evening star., 1924-01-27

seem to be much less exacting in this
regard now than they were before
the war. They have learned the trick
of adding extra wraps indoors-the
old, old Chinese custom of meeting
the increasing cold Of winter with an
increasing thickness of coats or other
wraps. And this is ever so much
pleasanter and more attractive
don't you think than making up
for climatic differences by the use
of light. medium and heavy weight
underthings.
The fashionable woman need no
longer play hide add seek with pneu-
monia and influenza when appearing
in evening dress on cold winter
nights.
A bug in a rug is no snugger than
she, for there are all sorts of charm
ing accessories that make il possible
for her to be perfectly protected from
drafts and cold without really de-
tracing from the charm of her ap-
pearance. If her very low neck frock
proves insufficient for the weather,
she may wear one of the little dinner
jackets or theater coats that have
been introduced among smartly
dressed women this year. They are
usually lined with white fur. rabbit
Evening star., 1924-01-27
WOOL JERSEY CARRIERS. WHICH PULL ON AND ARE HELD BE-
LOW THE KNEE WITH ELASTIC BANDS.

or ermine, and are made of metal
cloth or rich brocade. A French
writer says that fur has been from
quetry OF women" In order to know
the sweetness of its caress and to ex-
perience the pride of being enveloped
in fur, what miracles have not been
realized in all epochs of history?"
7 UNDOUBTEDLY most women real
ly do feel a positive exhilara-
tion at the sweet caresS of fine fur;
at any rate. every woman who can
afford it and who hase become ac-
quainted with the new little fur-lined
evening jacket wants to possess one,
and she wants to wear II fur side in
just because of the sweetness OF feel
ing that soft fur against her skin.
One very lovely little dinner jacket
can be worn for the street with the
fur side showing. thus making IL
possible to kill two birds Of fashion
with one stone.
Almost as tenderly caressing as the
little fur-lined evening jacket is the
fur-lined evening scarf, which has re-
Gently appeared among smart acces-
series. Bear in mind that this is not
a fur scarf lined with georgette. but
georgette scarf lined with white
fur
One can even have comfortably clad
feet on wintry nights and not run the
risk OF dowdiness. Hardly a neces-
sity in a heated motor car. but still
very desirable luxury are the fur
overshoes. direct descendants of the
old-time carriage shoes. The newest
are Of white rabbit, lined with black
velvet. They are made with wide
ankles-like the belled shoes worn
by the court Jester with the bells left
off-so that It is a simple matter TO
slip the feet in and out without TAX
Evening star., 1924-01-27

1t was through a part of this basin
that L rode yesterday. 7 was all day
In the car and we covered more than
zoo miles. We rode through all kinds
of country, sometimes in lands de-
voted to vineyards where the hills are
covered with thousands of stakes as
high as my waist. each of which has
its vine as carefully cared for as the
rosebush in your garden. The vines
are cut down to the ground year
after year. They are hoed and
weeded and as they grow they are
tied to the stake with straw strings.
They are carefully sprayed. and when
the fruit ripens it is carried to the
wine press, which is often a part
of the vineyard, and made into wine.
X X = x
HUNGARY is one Of the great wine
producing countries of Europe.
Before the world war it was produc-
ing almost 10o. 100000 gallons a year,
and its Tokay and other vintages are
known all over Europe. The wine
made today is delicious, but the i'm
port restrictions of the surrounding
countries are such that the market
lis poor and out in the country one
can buy a quart for a nickel.
During this trip visited the grape
growing region about Balaton, O.
great lake that lies 100 miles from
Budapest. 1t is the largest lake in
Central Europe, and the hills sur
rounding it are covered with vine
yards and forests. The country re-
minds one of France and the vines
are just as well cared for. Here
the men and women worked together,
the women tying the vines to the
stakes and the men spading and hoe
ing. In other places. the women were
a farm on which they do not labor
as hard as the men.
] wish you could see the farms
that border Lake Balaton. On one
side are vineyards and forests. but
in places the crops slope down to the
water, and you look over vast tracts
of wheat, oats and rye, which now
are pale yellow or the color of gold,
at the silvery sheet of the water be-
yond. The lake is fifty miles long
and from two to seven miles, wide,
and it is surrounded by the fattest
of soil. 1t is a beautiful body of
water, light green in color and many
feet deep. 1t swarms with fine fish,
among which are perch, CARP pike
and shad, and also the fogas, which
is almost as sweet as the shad, but
which seems to have only. one bone
up the back. Speaking of the shad
reminds me of the great beds Of
straw berries that slope here and
there down to the. lake, and of the
little wild Strawberries as big as a
pea and of a delicious flavor that
grow here in a woods, recalling the
poem of the shad and the strawberry.
The first part Of this tells how, when
the Lord created the shad, the devil
Evening star., 1924-01-27

put in the bones so that man might
not have such a blessing unmixed.
Thereupon the Lord made the straw
berry.
And then the devil was mad
He had used all the bones for the shad.
Lake Balaton is surrounded by
villages and villas. 1t is the great
summer resort and / might also say
the winter resort OF the Hungarians.
Many rich man have houses on the
lake, and the region is sometimes
called the Riviera OF central Europe.
The villas have fine gardens, and
some OF them would not be out Of
place in the most beautiful towns in
America. There are large hotels here
and there, and I visited a big sana-
tarium that has a large number OF
tubercular patients who come here
for the combination OF the pines and
the lake.
1t was here at Lake Ba1aton that
the late Emperor Charles ", nick
named Charles the Sudden. the last
King OF Hungary and Emperor OF
Austria, was interned by his people.
He tried twice to come back and re-
gain his throne, but the allies had
said that no Hapsburg should reign
again in Hungary, and the officials
persuaded him to leave.
X r. X
TWAS from Lake Balaton that l
drove across country to visit the
estate of a nobleman to whom l had
letters of introduction. Hungary IS
II -, a
fore the world war 1t had scores of
rich families who owned great es-
tates. Many OF these were in those
parts Of Hungary given away by the
treaty, but many still exist in the
new principality. The nobility here
is in class Of its own. The members
are highly educated, good horsemen
and sportsmen, and often good farm
ers. Some Of them can trace their
ancestry back to the earliest days of
Hungarian history.
Count Louis Batthany, the man I
visited, lives If a mansion that is 700
years old, and six successive genera
tions Of his family have had the es-
tate during the past 200 years. The
count speaks English fiuently. He is
a man Of high culture and practical
business ability, and when 1 met him
in his rose garden at the back Of the
mansion he was dressed in white
: f1annels and looked as though he had
stepped from bandbox.
/ We first walked through the sar-
dens. They cover some acres, and
have highly bred plants Of every de-
sscription. In the section devoted to
@rosesi there was arbor after arbor of
climbing crimson ramblers and other
roses of different hues that climbed
over arches, making bowers Of gor-
geous color, and there were dwarf
roses and choice flowers of every de-
scription.
Adjoining the roses was a sunken
Evening star., 1924-01-27

ing the shoes from the motor. Other
motor shoes are made with clasps
over the ankle and insteps. so that
they may be fastened on securely and
donned and doffed respectively at
home and after one has arrived at
ones destination.
Somehow or other women no longer
suffer from the delusion that to be
charming and in fashion they must
be uncomfortable. During recent
cold snap at a prominent first night"
when the theater was inadequately
heated, more than one perfectly dress
ed woman wore her fur-lined motor
shoes into the theater with her. And
in one box of smart folk one woman
set with her feet slipped into her
CLINT Of metal brocade slippers or
rhinestone buckles and black velvet
in that snug retreat.
The winter sport girl was never
more lightly clad and never more
warmly Seemingly she has learned
from the experience OF arctic ex-
plorers that every unnecessary
ounce of weight in cold weather ap-
parel detracts from its warmth Civ
ing properties.
With the wool knickerbocker suit
you may wear a wool scarf or. If you
like, one OF the brushed wool caps
with a long end that forms a scarf
about the neck--a hood that cannot
fail to suggest to the student OF cos
tumery the liripipe which the dandles
of Chaucer's day wore TO such ridicu-
lous extremes.
* X X
+ EATHER jackets have returned TO
favor for sport wear this winter.
though in new guise. Suede jackets
mounted on knitted wool foundations
are very warm and snug, with a sug-
gestion of boyishness that is in line
with the present mode. To compile
Evening star., 1924-01-27

stocking with the evening gown.
There is an amusing sort Of wool
stocking to be worn with knicker
bockers that seems to have been ac-
cepted as correct by most smartly
dressed women. It has a cuff at the
knee and little additional roll Of
the stocking that comes SO that it
laps over the top OF the sport boot.
There are jersey CATERS that can
be worn over thin stockings and are
not out Of place even on city streets.
though many women would rather
wear silk and wool stockings as an
alternative. These jersey CATERS
are easily pulled on and are simply
held below the knee by elastic bands.
Copyright, 1921
Evening star., 1924-01-27


a Ntleman
Hundred
Few a
Evening star., 1924-01-27
ese WeAre Adding Outside Clothes to Provide Warmth

INTERESTING COLD.WEATHER
SPORT CLOTHES: SPORT CAP
OF BRUSHED WOOL WITH
LONG END, WHICH FORMS
SCARF, SHOWN BOTH ON AND
OFF THE FIGURE; PLAID
WOOL SCARF TO MATCH THE
PLAID LINING OF LEATHER
JACKET; SUEDE GLOVES, FUR
LINED; KNITTED HELMET.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-22
Illinois Coal Barons
Begin Fight to Smash
Union Wage Scale

ERRN, Illinois, stamping Of the Infamous Ku KIux
Khan and of the coal mining cenrs Of the United
yesterday conference that
miner this This conference attended by coal
and railroad met to consider
Inducing the Illinois reduction
of this the Illinois Chamber Of Commerce. the orgniza
blood Hern miners settled
counts with muerous skebrekers and 1922 These
profthirs intend profits out Of their
walk the bodies of the union miners of this State
in doing
While Frank harrington and his henchmen busy trying elect
Len Small the capitalist candidate for the coal baons
which harrington president
Why Frank harrington holding council Of with the Of
fcas his organization the challenge laid down by the coal
operators?
Coal miners Of nos Read the special dispatch from Herrn
adjoining yourself whether
union of which
THE DAILY WORKER, tt1s W. Washington svdy Chi
Ill., tell what think of this latest and danger
coal barons.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-22
POWER COMPANY
/. GIVES CONTRACT
TO SCAB MINES
Union to Feel Need of
Complete Union Field

MINNEAPOLIS, Aug. 21. Con
tracts for $4,000 tons of coal to be
consumed during the coming year by
the Northern States Power Company
will not bring work to union miners of
Illinois, but to miners in the open
shop territory of the east, according
to contracts awarded by the company.
Northern States Power is the larg.
est public utility in the northwest,
and with the exception Of the rail
roads the biggest consumer of steam
coal In that region. Its contracts for
100000 tons of screenings go to four
dock companies importing eastern BIZ
luminous coal via Duluth and Supe.
rior, chief among them the Pittsburgh
Coal Company.
Illinois Miners viii Feel Blow.
A recent order of the interstate
commerce commission raised freight
rates on Illinois undermined coal by
2S cents in order to give coal imported
via the lakes better chance to CON-
pete. The new rates, which favor
nonunion eastern coal, go into effect
Sept. 10 and are expected to render
it more difficult for Illinois mines to
keep going.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-22
Fight Injunction!
FOSTER URGES ILLINOIS
MINERS To FIGHT BOSS
PLOT TO SLASH WAGES


Especial to The Daily WorEerl
MINNEAPOLIS, Aug. ~. Will
lam z. Foster, Communist candi-
date for president of the United
States on the Workers Party tick
ct, arrived here today. He is sched-
ued to speak tonight at big open
air meeting in this city.
comrade Foster was asked for
his opinion on the conference Of
coal operators, railroad magnates
and other capitalists held in Herrin,
Illinois, to discuss ways and means
of overcoming the crisis in the coal
industry at the expense of the min
ers.
Foster said: "The conference held
in Herrin marks the formal opening
of a fight on the part of the coal
operators backed by the Illinois
Chamber of Commerce to break the
union wage scale and ultimately
smash the miners union. The at
tempt must be met by the most Wig
orous opposition on the part OF the
union miners.
"This is not an isolated instance.
It is part of the gigantic conspiracy
on the part Of the capitalists to
smash the unions and establish the
open shop. In carrying out this
plot they rely for assistance on the
reaetionary labor leaders who have
already given ample evidence that
they are perfectly willing to join
the masters in united front to save
the capitalist system"
Foster speaks tomorrow night in
Woodman's Hall, Duluth, and on the
following evening in the Labor
Temple, st. Paul.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-22
LAFOLLETTES STATE FAR BEHIND

THE monthly In Wisconsin average
monthly the manufacturing industries United
a whole.
Wisconsin, which FOURTH
NINTH the monthly working employed
In these Industries.
Of workers
Wisconsin smaller than the United
the LaFolee
monopozed
movement powerful the union
psratIvely speaking, weak
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-22
ASK REMOVAL OF
. COLOR BARRIERS
IN LABOR UNION
Police Friction Said to
Be the Result

TRENTON, N. j., August 21.-WaI-
ter White, assistant secretary for the
National Association for the Advance.
ment of the Colored People, says that
an appeal is being made to the leaders
of organized labor in Trenton to take
part in an interracial conference for
the purpose of removing the present
police and Industrial discrimination
against the Negroes.
White said that the color barrier
which exists in some of the Trenton
labor unions, as in other cities, was
partly responsible for the friction
here. The N. A. A. c. P. recently
urged the American Federation of La
Dor to act on it's former declaration
for equality in the labor unions, re.
CARELESS of color.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-22
MINERS DEMAND STAND
ON UNEMPL OYMENT BUT
LA Toilette is QUIET
Especial to the Daily worker.)

Especial to the Daily Worker.)
BELLEVILLE, ILL.,, Aug. 2o.-over
half the mines in the BeIleVilIe coal
district are shut down, with 1000
miners out of work. Due to the
shutdown in the mines Of the Belle
Vile Sub-District z, the sentiment
of the miners is swinging away
from Robert M. LaFolIette, who
completely ignores the unempIoy-
ment crisis, toward the clear-cut
Workers Party program to elimi-
nate unemployment.
Wives of the miners In some
cases here are taking in washing in
order to keep their suffering chill
dren alive. "a don't know what the
poor devils do" the proprietor Of a
shoe store on Main street here told
the DAILY WORKER. 1--WE can't
advance them any more credit, be-
cause the wholesale houses have
shut down on us. The miners are
going heavily into debt. Some of
them have enlisted in the army
camp near by-Scott Field. But
the married men are so heavily in
debt to the stores and their land
lords that they can't pull up and
leave. Besides, unemployment pre-
walls turnout the country, and it
would do no good to move"
Frank harrington is in ST. Louis,
stopping at the luxurious American
Hotel. He is said to be touring
nearby Illinois mining towns In the
interest of LaFoIIette, but every
where the sentiment expressed is,
"What is your stand on unempIoy-
ment?" harrington will have some
tall explaining to do when confront
ed with the silence of LaFoIIette on
unemployment.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-22
STATE
GIVES LABOR
POOR WAGES
PrOgressiUism Proves
/ DeIusiOn for ToilerS
BY JAY LOVESTONE.
Seventh ArticIe.l

For years the liberals, social
reformers, and purifiers of CAPT.
taIism have held up Wisconsin
as the outstanding experiment
In American pure democracy.
Today Senator LaFollette
points with pride to his achieve
ments in Wisconsin, his Model
Commonwealth" He is fighting
to win the presidency in order
to extend the progressivism
and blessings of his heralded
wisconsin Plan"
But Wisconsin's pure" democracy
and genuine" progressivism have
failed dismally in doing away with
the suffering and hardships of the
working men and poor farmers.
Wisconsin's workers are amongst
the worst underpaid in the country.
Here the workers suffer from long
hours more than in most of the 9TH
er states. The Badger state is one
of the most powerful strongholds of
the open shop movement. Here,
where LaFollette is the uncrowned
king, the trade union movement is
very weak.
Low Wages and Long Hours.
If working conditions are to be ac-
cepted as a sound criterion of gen
uine progressivism, then LaFollette's
Wisconsin experiment is sham and
delusion to the laboring masses.
According to the findings of the
latest 1919 census of manufacturers
the average monthly cost of labor
or wage per month, in the manufac
turing industries in the United States
is $96.5O. But Wisconsin falls vel
below this average wage for the coun.
try as a whole, with an average
monthly wage of only $91.69. Thus
Continued on Page g.
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