davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-04-18
SUPERPOWER: A NEW ERA
By WILL p. KENNEDY
No 5-What the Federal Water Power Act Has Done
for Water Power Development

The United States owns large areas
of land in the western part Of the
United States. some public lands and
others reserved in the national forests,
which contain enormous resources in
water power.
The United States also has control
over the construction of dams in naviga-
bic streams and because of this au-
thority can permit or decline to permit
the construction of power development
in those streams. This means that no
power development can be made on nav
igable streams or on public lands with
out the sanction of the United States.
Before the federal water power act be-
came "a law the legislative provisions
under which the right to develop power
their terms that only about 1,500, 900
horsepower had ever been d.Vc'oped
under any authority granted by the fed
eral government The greater part of
this was in the public lands.
Makes Investments Safe.
The unsatisfactory conditions were of
two kinds: % That the condition of
the grant might be changed any time
and CD its tenure was uncertain It
was not possible under those conditions
to secure at reasonable cost the
amount of capital needed for power
development. The federal water power
act is the first legislation which has
provided conditions under which invest
ments could safely be made while fully
protecting every essential public in
tereSt
Nhen the water power act was passed
there were approximately 100000
horsepower of water power developed in
this country. Since the act was passed
applications aggregating more than
20,00O.000 horsepower have been filed
with the commission. The commission
mas issued permits and licenses for
I.3oo.O 900 horsepower, and of this amount
200: 1000 horsepower are either built or
building, which is approximately one
third Of the entire development in the
United States when the act was passed.
Largely in Federal Control.
The federal government controls ap-
proxmately So per cent of the total
water power resources of the United
States. 1t is largely due to the policy
established by Congress in the federal
water power act that we are entering
upon degree of water power develop
ment in this country far exceeding any
thing we ever had in the United States
before.
This control is being exercised for
two primary purposes: To guard
against improvident use of a public
resource: and to retain these re-
sources in public ownership that they
may not be capitalized for purposes
of rate-making or of sale
The history of our NEURAL resources
has been one of the re,..less exploita-
tion. Our coal, oil. gas and timber
have been used. wasted and destroyed.
as if the supply were inexhaustible.
With respect to many of our resources
we awoke too late: but fortunately
we realized the great value of our
water powers. and established a ma
tional policy for their utilizat ation be-
fore any considerable part OF them
Evening star., 1924-04-18
Roosevelt, Tamerlane
And Investigations

At cabinet session one sunny
afternoon in Washington, Roosevelt
appeared distrait. Pressed for atten-
tion by a Secretary, he exclaimed.
violently: IT'S those Mongols. 1
can't get them out of my head" He
had been reading of Tamerlane, the
man who sought an empire by de-
stroying all that was in it.
Tamerlane, the ruthless. once build
ed a monument of 10000 skulls of hu-
man beings whom his warriors had
slain. The dimensions of the horrify-
ing shaft have not been preserved.
His hordes carried death but not vic
tory, and though he destroyed much
his realm did not survive fifty years.
Yet the thought of Tamerlane and
his maddened plan of power, read in
a book, was sufficient to grip the
super Roosevelt amid
circle of his chosen heads, when
taxes and navies were being discussed,
In such days as these, when Senate
and now are whirling their mud as
far and wide as their ladies reach,
the vision of mad old Tamerlane and
his misguided sense of conquest per-
haps ought again to be revived.
The indiscriminate sloshing of rep
utationS by statesmen who love II
smear has Disguised Washington and
the nation. The original purpose has
been lost in the high glee of refiec-
ton on character and faith. Such
never won victory, and the investi-
gators seeking in this fashion TO,
plant themselves on fertile political'
ground may find themselves staring
blankly only at the ruin they have
achieved. - Albany knickerbocker
Press
Evening star., 1924-04-18
The Passing of a Veteran.

The death Of Brig. Gen. Horatio
Gates Gibson removes from the life of
this community a remarkable man
with an exceptional record and with
- great host of friends. Gen. Gibson
was the oldest living graduate of West
Point, having received his commission
upon graduation from the Military
academy seventy-seven years ago. He
died in his ninety-seventh year. Com
missioned in the Army in 1S47, he
fought under Scott in the Mexican
war. He served through the civil war,
and but for the fact of his retirement
for age in 1891 he would probably have
served in the Spanish-American war.
He had, however, before that conflict
opened, been placed on the retired list,
and though in vigorous health was in
eligible to participate.
Retaining his faculties in an. un-
usual degree for one Of his advanced
age, Gen. Gibson was a mine of in
Evening star., 1924-04-18
COURAGE
II am the master of my fate,
4 am the captain of my soul"
-HENLEY.

Following rainbows of riches over
the country, Samuel l. Clemens found
wealth, only to be plunged into debt
again.
Born in Florida, Mo-. he was eleven
years old when his father died. He
became printers apprentice on a
weekly newspaper, then a compost
tor in st. Louis, then New York and
Philadelphia.
visions of wealth along the ANA
zon led him as far as New Orleans,
put he became a Mississippi River
pilot at ewenty-one and quit when
the civil war began.
Alter brief service in the Con-
Ie:oerate army, he went to Carson
City. New, Is secretary to his broth
er, then territorial secretary. --.-r.-
lie staked out a timber claim. dug
LOT gold, worked in a quartz mill for
$40 week, and finally walked 125
miles to become editor of the Vir-
gina CITY Enterprise at salary of
go a week. His writings had been
desultory, but here he became Mark
Twain, the author.
Next a reporter in San Francisco.
ms articles enraged the police and
ne had to hurry to the hills, where
he just missed a rich gold strike,
but heard the frog story. He wrote
no 1eleDrdIeI Jumping FrOS OF
Calaveras County" New York news
paper published 1t, and his fame
spread.
He visited Hawaii for a newspaper,
then became d lecturer and won sue
cess. Publishers refused to consider
his collection of stories and he. at
thirty-two. published his first book.
trip to the Holy Land as CORE
spondent inspired "Innocents Abroad"
that brought rich reward
When thirty-five he married, bought
an interest in d Buffalo newspaper,
sold out at a loss and had to lecture
TO get out of debt.
He wrote "Roughing It," then tom
Sawyer and "Huckleberry Finn"
Europe welcomed him and his books
Success came bountifully. He started
publishing business, invested in a
typesetting machine and other in
ventions, then retired. The company
failed. the inventions proved imprac-
ticable. At ffty-eight he was $40, 900
In debt. Four years later he had paid
everything, then made enough to live
comfortably the rest of his life.
Mark Twain was a name known
over the world and he was beloved
and esteemed as one of Americas
greatest humorists.
Copyright. 1924
Evening star., 1924-04-18
Convention Details.

President Coolidge's nomination ap-
pearing now as a foregone conclusion,
the republican leaders are busying
themselves with discussion of the plat
form, and, for the immediate moment.
with convention details Of who shall be
temporary and l,ermanent presiding
officers, who shall sound the keynote
and who shall have the honor of plac-
ing the President in nomination.
Some of President Coolidge's friends
are suggesting that it would be a good
stroke of politics to have Senator
Borah Of Idaho make the nominating
speech. He is one of the lea ding pro-
@ressives in the country, they point
out, and recall that he was one of the
first to see" President Coolidge as
the logical choice of the party, thereby
silcncing all talk of his possibly being
candidate for the nomination him
self
II precedent were followed, Senator
Lodge would make the nominating
speech. Alabama. first on the roll call
of states, would yield to Massachusetts,
and the senior senator would take the
stage. But there is some caviling
among the rank and file against too
much participation by the Senate in
the convention management.
Secretary Hughes is being suggest
ed as the one to sound the keynote,
following upon the highly favorable
impression his speech before the New
York republican state convention
created. The platform adopted by that
convention is being studied as a pos.
sible model for the national platform.
Evening star., 1924-04-18
Dawes Report Clears Situation
OF Doubts, Z. S. Editors Hold

Scranton Repu ublican AYERS. and hay
ing gone so far the allies will be we'll
advised" the Springfield Republican
holds, ito take the final step and dis
pose OF the reparations question once
and for all"
THE report renews the rule OF
reason" asserts the Albany Knicker-
bockerPres and is one more step
in mans progress toward the ultimate
goal" Under it. continues the Grand
Rapids Press. "we shall be taking no
risk if the five-year investment
scheme of the Dawes committee is
adopted: we shall have a practical
interest, as well as humanitarian, in
the success of this sane and entirely
practical plan. This is also the
viewpoint of the sew York Evening
Post, because America has returned
to Europe, though its return has been
Velled by necessary Subterfuge. It
was inevitable. America has stake
in the Old World and will benefit
with return of Old World stability
The report, however. has obvious
defects" the Roanoke World News
insists. but it should be accepted,
especially by the Germans" In addi-
tion, the Newark News feels, "the
blow to the German contention and
the contention of certain British cir
cles that Germany cannot pay. For
this reason the Dawes plan neces-
sarily opens a new phase of the REP
arations struggle" This view is in
dorsed by the Louisville Courier-Jour-
nal, which feels it means Germany
must live up to the reparations agree
ment of the treaty of Versailles"
Returning to the Isolation" argu-
ment, the Knoxville Sentinel insists
the entire plan brings this country
absolutely back into Europe Yet
after all, suggests the Boston Trans
script. this was necessary "inaSmuch
as Gen. Dawes has gone into the
the question from within-his meth
DDS being comparable to those of a
creditor dealing with delinquent
debtor German acceptance will
stabilize" the mark as well as the
franc, the Wichita Eagle feels, yet
the Detroit News holds while it is a
striking business plan the psychology
of national life is overlooked. and in
such matters the facts of psychology
are fully as potent as those of ledger
statements"
Evening star., 1924-04-18
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Plenitude.
Folks know when they have had
enough"
Said Hezekiah Bings.
Although the talk sometimes grows
rough
Concernin' various things,
We recollect the fight we had
That bade all joys disperse;
Another would be just as bad
And maybe even worse.
And SO. away down in my heart,
When trouble seems immense,
1 know that brains will do their part
And use plain, common sense.
Although the language may be gruff,
The peace dove wisely sings.
Folks know when they have had
enough"
Said Hezekiah Bings.
Evening star., 1924-04-18
Copyright and Broadcasting

Hearings are in progress before a
Senate committee on a bill which if
enacted would relieve broadcasters by
radio from obligations to pay royalties
for songs and other copyrighted COM
positions sent through the air for
free" entertainment. Authors and
composers are arguing against the
proposed legislation, on the ground
that it would deprive them Of their
rightful profits from their creations,
which under the copyright law are
protected from use save upon pur-
chase Of copies and from public per-
formances save upon specific permits.
sion.
Suits have already been filed in vari-
Evening star., 1924-04-18

passed beyond our control This policy
is expressed in the federal water pow
er act.
Along Economsc Lines.
In the handling of our natural re-
sources in timber, coal, oil and gas
the practice has been all too prevalent
of taking only the most accessible and
most cheaply developed. and of leav-
ing the remainder in such condition
that it could not be economically
utilized. Such a practice with respect
to water powers is forbidden by the
act. Plans must be so drawn as to
provide for comprehensive scheme
of development, which shall take into
account all beneficial uses of the
water available. Projects which pro-
pose a partial development are not
approved, and those which involve
one of a series of sites must be so To-
Gated and built as not to interfere
with the subsequent full development
of the remaining sites. The works
must be so designed as to afford
safety and economy. and adequate
provision must be made for malnte-
nance and replacement.
That water powers are natural re-
source and that whenever owned
or controlled by public agencies that
ownership and control should be per-
manently retained Is a fundamental
principle of the federal policy. 1t is
likewise a fundamental principle that
values inherent in public resource
developed and used in the perform
ance OF an essential public service
shall not be capitalized in excess or
the amounts actually expended In
their acquisition.
The RESOURCES and privileges over
which federal control is thus retained
are public property and public
rights If transferred to private
ownership they would become private
property, and as such would be SUB
ject to enhancement in value; and
through precedents established by
judicial decisions, this value, not the
cost to the utility, would become the
basis upon which rates for service
would be exacted. To avoid such a
contingency power resources are re-
tanned in public ownership and only
ieasehold rights are granted.
Rapidly of Development.
The possibilities ahead of US in the
general field of power development
and the degree to which our power
requirements will be met by electric
energy generated in central stations
are indicated by what is already TAX
ing place. In 1s07-seventeen years
ago--the output of all the central
electric stations in the United States
both hydro and steam was only 5000
600, 900 kilowat hours. equivalent to a
continuous output of 100000 horse
power. 1t was 1900, ,000, 900 in 1912,
25. 900, 100000 in 1917, more than 40.-
900 900 900 in 1922. and will probably
reach 60 1000, ,00O. 900 by 1925.
The use of the motor drive in in
dustry. the electrifcation of railroads,
the increasing use of electricity in
the home and on the farm, all of
which are certain to follow upon the
increased supply made possible by
the development of our water powers
and by their interconnection and op-
Grafton with efficient steam stations
in great interstate systems. will re-
suit in an even greater increase in
the production and use of electric
energy.
Evening star., 1924-04-18
ANSWERS. TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. H4SKIN

q. Who wrote the poem about Mrs
Asquith entitled, Woman with tn,
Serpents Tongue"?-E. d.
A. William Watson, the English
poet, wrote the Woman With the
Serpents Tongue" which Is alleged
TO be composite picture of Mrs. As
esco.
r. :.
A. One Of the windows in Aladdin
palace was left for the Sultan to 7
fin1sh. His treasure gave out and the
window was never completed; hence
| the popular a1lusion to an attempt
to finish something left unfinished by
q great man.
Q. How long have there been coun
ty agents TO help in farm matters?--
A. q. X.
A. The first county agent or farm
adviser started on his duties March
20. 1911 This was j. H Barron, who
began work In Broome County, n. Y
On March l. 1921. there were 1,fss
agents employed.
O. Who was the Maid OF Athens
of Byron's poem?-G. w. T.
A. 1t is said that this song was
addressed to the daughter of Theo-
COFe MdCTl, IL 1OHSul ab ~
@. How is wood treated to make
il bend and what is the best kind OF
wooe to use?-C. NJ c.
A. The forest service says that
hickory. ash and oak are the most
reliable woods to be used for bending
purposes. They are treated by steam
under pressure.
O. On what day did President
Harding sign the peace proclamation
X. NJ. Z.
A. The peace proclamation was
signed by President Harding on No
vember II, 1921.
O. How long will an average per
son survive without food and water
A. Unless subjected TO extremes o.
temperature. the average healthy in
dividual will survive a week or ter
days of complete abstinence from food
and water.
Q. Is there any appreciable DIFF
ference in rf,e amount of energy eX
pended in pumping up an auto tire
by hand. if the weight of the machine
is resting on the ground or or II me
A. II the wheel is off the ground
the energy expended will be consid
erably less than when the tire Is
resting on the ground.
Q. How much wool does il take TO
make a pair of blankets?-A. a.
A. 1t takes about six pounds Of
clean wool or nine pounds of un-
washed wool as it comes from the
sheep to make the average double
blanket
Q. Where was the Land of Goshen"
d. c. l.
A. Authorities are generally agreed
that the Land of Goshen was the
region east of the Bubastic branch OF
the Nile.
@ Are the teeth or the human race
deteriorating a V. w.
A The public health service says
that comparison of the teeth OF
civilized white races with those Of
primitive man shows clearly the in
feriority of those of the present day.
The teeth of civilized people are de-
teriorating at such a, rate that IN a
! few thousand years they will no long
| er possess dental organs.
! Let The Star Information Burcd.s
! Frederick j. HdSktu, director. 1890
North Capitol street. GrStneT yo1LT 2ises-
/ tior. The only charge for thts servir~'
! is cents in stamps for return postage
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Q. When was the skip stop started
here and why was it. done?-L. V. NJ.
A 1t was inaugurated in 1913, when
street car trafic was very heavy. 1t
was found to expedite transportation
at minimum of Inconvenience to
passengers.
@. What has become u station
KOA?-E. d. III.
A. Station kOA was discontinued
last June. This station was operated
by the Y. NJ c. A. of Denver.
Q. When does Yellowstone National
Park open m w.
A 1t opens June Is and closes about
September Is.
Q. Where is amber found?-w II. D.
A Amber is fossil resin of vege-
table origin. 1t is usually a pale yell
low color, sometimes reddish or
brownish- Originally it was obtain
ed by the ancients from the coasts of
the Baltic Sea- where IL is still found.
1t is also found in the United States,
on the coasts of Sicily, the Adriatic,
Siberia and Greenland.
@. Is the Island of Nevis the same
as st Thomas? If not, which is the
birthplace of Alexander Hamilton p
&c. c.
A. The islands of Nevis and st.
Thomas are not the same. They are
separate units of the West Indies.
Most authorities agree that Alexan-
der Hamilton was born on the former
lsland.
Q. Why was Bunker Hill Of revo-
lutionary fame so-called?-M. j.
A. The Massachusetts, Historical
Society says that Charles Bunker, an
early settler of CharIestown, who
died in 1864, owned about ten acres
of land on the highest hill in that
town, which has ever since been
known as Bunker's Hill. The battle,
though not fought on his pasture
took place in its neighborhood and
carried the name of Bunker with il
H. B. G
A. The use Of stockings originated
in the cold countries of northern Eu-
rope. The art of knitting was in
about the beginning of the sixteenth
century. Queen Elizabeth and her
court were the first TO wear silk
stockings and a machine for knitting
them was invented in 1898 by William
Lee of Woodbridge. Nottinghamshire,
England. In the United States the
German immigrants of the Mennonite
sect set up their stocking frames in
1853. BY 1890 the stocking industry
had been established in several towns
in Connecticut
Q. What is meant by Palm Sunday?
B. l..
A. Palm Sunday is the last Sunday of
Lent and is so-called because of the
custom of blessing palms in com
memoration of the entry of Christ
into Jerusalem.
Q. Where is the first free library
given by Andrew Carnegie?-H A.
a. The library tfoundation stone
laid July q. 1850 is in Dunfermline,
Scotland.
Q. When was the first act passed
barring the Chinese?-H. H. 2.
A The first Chinese exclusion act
| was passed May 6. 1882.
Q. In the English language, which
letter in the alphabet is used often
est. and which next?-H. C. G.
A. In English, it has been estimated
| that the letter is more frequently
used than any other. The letter r is
said to be the second most frequently
used.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Lexicogra piers may discover that in
Japanese the thought that would be
translated into the words grave con-
sequences" has a milder and more
philosophic significance than is CON
veyed by the direct English express
sion
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Music composers are afraid Of being
deprived Of just revenue by the radio
interests. While their rights are being
considered there will not necessarily
be a dearth of wireless melody.
Beethoven, Mozart. Chopin. Mendels-
works bring up no question of royal
ties may be used in temporary expedi-
ency.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Having qualified as a delegate at
large from Florida. Col. Bryan allays
any faint apprehensions on the part of
those who feel that no Democratic con-
vention would be complete without
him.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Fears of socialism are said to have
haunted the late Hugo SHINES The
Utopian. contemplating a system of
universal benevolence, has thus far
succeeded only in creating terror.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

So many women have shot their
husbands that feminists are justified
in claiming that the fair sex has i'm
proved in craftsmanship.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

At this season the most profound
dividual attention to the exclusion of
the old questions, Who won the
game?" and What is good for a cold?"
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Should the former kaiser be asked
TO resume his old position it may be
necessary to make Il thorough search
among the Berlin junk shops in order
to find the throne.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

There will always be alienists who
refuse to regard man as insane so
long as he is competent to write a
lucid check.
Evening star., 1924-04-18
Rate by Mail-Payable i'm Advance.
All Other States.
Member of the Associated Press.

The ASsOcis ted Press is exclusively entitled
10 the usr for republication of ali news dis
patches credited to u or not otherwise credited
IN this paper am. also the local pub.
lished herein. ri rights Of publication OF
special Dispatches .srein are as, reserved.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

European affairs have demonstrated
that no country becomes so precarious
in its finances as to be unable to sup
port few profiteers.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Europe may save considerable sums
of money when affairs are so adjusted
that there will be no further need of
funds for American propa aganda.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Bergdoll might be encouraged TO
come home on the chance that his i'm
portance no longer measures up to the
distinction of being investigated.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

There is no great encoura cement in
the destruction of battleships if the old
boats are promptly to be replaced by
aerial warcraft and submarines.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Great Britain's labor government
finds a great many perplexities be-
sides the labor problem demanding con-
sideration.
Evening star., 1924-04-18

Japanese statesmen will regard the
recent Senate vote on immigration as
one of those landslides for which
America has become famous.
Evening star., 1924-04-18
Getting at the Facts.

did she leave him because he OBJ
jected to her bobbed hair"
NO answered Miss Cayenne.
What she complained of was his
brutal Indifference. He wouldn't prom
ise not to laugh if it made her bald
headed
Evening star., 1924-04-18

The d. A. r. revives martial tradi-
tions only to the extent of displaying
very alert vice president generalship.