davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14
FATHER ANTHONY RAvAlLl, SCHOLAR, ARTIST
AND TSMAM---9lS LIFE OF DEVOTION AND
SACRIFICE AMONG THE TRIBES OF NOR TE1vvESTI

heads were on their semi-annual
hunting trip, leaving no guard to
protect the mission, band of Black.
feet surrounded the place, and il
looked as if Father Ravaln and those
with him were doomed to be massa-
cred, when most unaccountably the
Indians gave up the siege, killing be-
fore leaving. a boy who opened a
door to see if the enemy had left.
There was thick growth of trees
and underbrush around the mission
! that afforded shelter for attacking
! Indians. When there was danger
from them, a guard had to be kept
night and day, and during the night
blank shots were fired to alarm the
inyaders-it was not advisable to
kill them if their tribe was ever to
become friends of the Black Robes.
The new converts needed constant
supervision. 1t was not safe to let
them go on hunting trip unattend-
ed by priest, or they would be neg
lectful OF their religious duties, yet
if the Flatheads were attacked and a
priest was with them, the attacking
party would naturally identify him
with the Flatheads, and act accord
ingly
Despite their fear of hostile In
dams, and the greater fear that their
fickle-minded neophytes would re-
lapse into paganism, the Fathers new
er faltered in ministrations both
spiritual and physical to their flock.
and Father Ravalli established re-
putation as a physician that over
Swallowed that of the tribal medicine
man. But dark days were ahead
for the mission that had been found
ed by faith and self-sacrifice.
Every winter trappers, white and
mixed bloods, gathered there, and
while often on the bounty of the
Fathers, refused to comply with the
rules of the community They lead
dissolute lives, and their example
served to demoralize the Indians.
They finally convinced the latter that
the Fathers were exploiting them,
and the Indians left the mission for
camping ground nine miles distant
Such detection could have but one
result, and the order came to tenn
porarily abandon st. Mary's.
At the closing of St. Mary's, Father
Ravalli was transferred to the Occur
d'Alene mission. From there he
went to Colville, where an incident
occurred which made the Indians be-
lieve that ne had supernatural pow
er. An Indian woman, jealous of
her husband, instead of using mod
ern methods. and shooting him,
hanged herself. Father Ravalli
hearing of it shortly after the oc-
currence, cut the thong which held
the woman, and at once set about
resuscitating her. In this he sue
ceeded, after long and patient eff
fort, and the woman lived to old age.
In 1868 Father Ravalli returned
to the Rocky mountains. 1t was
after the discovery of gold, when the
miners flocked into the territory
and there were few doctors Father
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14
TROPICAL HUNTER
TELLS OF EXCITING
TRIP THRU INDIA
SPENT YEAR IN BURMA AND IN
INDIA; HAD EXCITING HUNT
ING EXPERIENCES

Virtually fresh from the jun
giles of Burma and India, where
he spent some months on hunting
trim. John Jonas, accompanied by
T. q. I,entfer, has arrived in Mis-
sonia from Livingston. He will
enter business in the Garden City.
Jonas made his trip to the Asiatic
wilderness with a party sent out by
the Amerivan Museum OF Natural
History. The men were in the jun
ole for nearly a year, during which
time they killed four elephants, four
lions. 10 tigers and many other dem
izens of the inland country of India
and Burma. Jonas killed one of the
elephants-one known as man-kil-
Ter Many exciting moments were
snent on the trip, perhaps the most
tense of which was when a badly
wounded tiger sprang at Jonas and a
companion, landing at their very
feet. Another was when wounded
tiger was shot from the head OF one
of the elephants.
The elephants, Mr.. Jonas said, are
particularly keen in detecting the
presence of tigers and other preda-
tory animals. They give signal by
heating their hOofs and trunks on
the ground and unless they are very
well trained they will bolt.
In one case, three men had gone
after a leopard and had taken an eX-
fra elephant to scare the animal out
az the bushes. The extra elephant
had been wounded by tiger not long
before that, and when he discovered
the leopard he bolted. 1t was then
that members of the party learned
how fast an elephant can run.
At another time, Jonas was riding
on a motorcycle with a Burmese
forestry official when they passed
within Is yards of a tiger. Jonas
was for shooting the beast, but the
more experienced of the pair advised
putting on speed, preferring caution
and safety to valor and chance.
The sloth bear and the wild boar
are the most dangerous animals in
the iungles, states Mr.. Jonas, due to
the fact that they will attack a man
on sight. The leopard is perhaps the
next in quickness of attack so far
as man is concerned.
There are only two occasions when |
tigers will attack human being. |
Jonas said. That is when they are
man-eaters. 1t seems that tiger is
not a natural-born man-eater, but
once he has tasted human blood that
is all that is necessary, and he will
pass up other food in his search for
humans.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14

I
Ravalli's services were often in de-
CARELESS of whether the patient was
Catholic or Protestant.
The wife of an army officer once
asked him if he would not like to re-
turn to his native land and see again
his relatives and friends. He re-
piled, Eyes, and / could have done so.
But then the sacrifice would not
have been complete" "And, lower
ing his head on his breast, he broke
into tears"
The victim of his devotion to suf-
fering humanity, Father Ravalli
died Oct 2, 1884 His funeral was
attended by the Flatheads and other
Indians of neighboring tribes, as
we'll as by numerous white friends;
and, in testimony of the respect with
which he was regarded by all who
knew him, the United States flag
was hung at half-mast for nearly a
month.
Father Palladino says of Father
Ravalli, .tHe was of a happy DISPOSE
ton, and always cheerful" He de-
scribes him as being tall, portly, and
well proportional, and of a benign
ant countenance.
The foregoing sketch is necess-
arily but bare outline of life of
utter selflessness and love of man
kind OF Father Ravalli it may we'll
be said in the words of Talmud:
''It is not necessary to build a
memorial stone to a just man. His
deeds are a greater memorial than
we can build for him."
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14
Divers to Go After 5 Million

The Ward liner Merida which
sank off the Virginia capes in 1911
with a fortune in gold, silver and
jewels aboard has been located by
trawlers and the work of salvaging
the treasure will be started soon. The
finding of the Merida came after
10 days of dragging by the trawlers,
with an iron sweep a mile long. The
operations. of the trawlers were
shrouded in secrecy and plans for
the salvage of the ship were not dis
closed because of fear of highjackers.
The location of the Merida will also
remain a secret. The value of the
fortune is said to be between $4,000
600 and 100000.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14

being considered more comtortap Die
and less hazardous, for delicately
bred women to undertake. While III
the Pacific, north of Cape Horn,
they encountered a terrific storm
that almost wrecked their SNIP ana
the missionaries gave themselves up
for lost. But, they weathered the
storm, and by good luck or miracle
safely crossed the bar at the en-
trance of the Columbia river, and
arrived at Fort Vancouver, in the
Oregon country where Father Ra-
valli was destined to end his days.
Born in Ferrara, Italy, May IT,
1872, Anthony Ravalli was the
product of an environment, which
could not but have profound lntlu-
.ence on man of his unusually SPIT
itual nature. Reared, as was Father
De Smet, in Catholic surroundings,
it was almostcertain that one OF
Father Ravalli's temperament should
make a religious life his vocation,
which he did at the early age or nj
teen years.
After his novitiate in the jesuit
Order he studied belles-lettres, phil
osonhv. mathematics and naturai
sciences, and later taught IN several
cities in Italy. Having decloeo u
become a missionary to the INDIANS
he sought to prepare hlmseil loL
This work by gaining the practical
knowledge that would be needed IN
a Mace remote from civilization
with this in view, he studied meol-
cine: served an apprenticeship as
mechanic: and learned in an artists
gtndio. to use the chisel of the sculp-
tor and the brush of the painter.
It was a man of such rare intel
leetual attachments who had volun-
teered to leave the cradle of c1vlllz-
alton and spend the remainder OF his
life among a primitive people, aD'
solutely incapable of understandings
him. 1t requires vivid magma,
tion to conceive what such self-sac-
rifice meant for cultured person
Others. it is true, went into the VIII
derness, and spent their lives there;
men Of education, and executive abll'
ity, but they willingly exlled them
selves, not to elevate the Indian, Du'
to exploit him. This was their prlm'
airy motive-this, or love OF llie
of adventure. Such men were those
in command of the fur trading posts
of the Northwest.
In 1894, the year after his arrlva.
in America, having taken his ma
VOWS. Father Ravalli spent the win
ter among the Kalispell Indians, tc
acqaint himself vita their language
and to "learn the secret of living
without many of the necessities OF
life, as he had previously known 1t. !
The next September, he went to Fort
Colvolle on the Columbia, northwest
of Spokane, and from there, about
two months later, he was sent to
st .Mary's, in the Bitter Root valley
This mission was then fairly es-
tablished, but plenty remained to be
done, as Father Ravalli soon d1scov-
cred. The Fathers, like the In
dams, were living on a straight diet
Of roots, berries and dried buf1alo
meat, and game, tallow and fish.
What flour they had, came from Fort
Vancouver, or Fort Colville, and as
the former was thousand, and the
latter three hundred miles from st.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14

or in the direction of the town OF
Big Timber. At one point they found
one of Hughson's shoes. At another
point they found where the body hac
been temporarily cached. Later they
found the second shoe, indicating
that the body had been dragged, and
that the shoes had been torn loose
from the feet by dragging. At
fourth point they found blood frozen
in the snow, evidently where rest
had been taken and blood had oozed
from the lifeless body.
Heavy snow was then encountered
and until the ground clears it will be
impossible to take up the trail again.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14

Mary's it was impossible to bring bu
a small amount on the yearly trip.
Father Ravalli at once set about
rectifying these conditions. With
the assistance of the two Brothers
he built a flour MILL the millstones
being imported from Europe. This
was the first flour mill in what is
now Montana. The Fathers also set
I'D the first saw mill in this part OF
the country, which did credit to their
inventive genius. The crank was
made of four wagon tires welded to-
gether. A fifth tire, hammered flat,
and hardened into steel, then notched
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14

with a file, became the saw. Brother
Specht whether under the direction
of Father Ravalli, or of his own in
itiative, made sledge hammer of
tin cans.
In the museum at st. Mary's are
chairs, and many other useful arti
cles made by Father Ravalli, testi-
fly to his mechanical ability, while
the paper roses that adorn the altar
are proof of his having artistic train
ing.
There was no lack of work at the
little mission, but it was an isolated
existence so far as the outside world
was concerned. The order recalling
Father Point was three years il
reaching him, and for the same
length of time Father Ravalli re-
ceived no letters. Supplies were
brought to the mission by Indian
carriers, and twice, in five years
these were lost, on account of the
carriers being attacked by hostile
tribes. Under favorable circum-
stances supplies would reach the
mission but once year; therefore
their loss meant that in five years
they were forced to manage with
what was intended for three years, of
provisions, tools, and the like.
Then, the Indians caused the mis-
sionaries any amount of trouble.
Their purpose was to Christianize all
of the Indians-not alone the Flat
heads-and for this reason it was
necessary to use the utmost tact not
to antagonize any of the tribes, al
though they were in constant dan
ger of attacks from the Blackfeet and
Bannacks. Once. when the Flat
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14
Missing ProspectOr of
Sweet Grass Count y
Brutality Nj Vi rdere d

Doubt that Henry Hughson, the
aged prospector who disappeared
from his cabin on the south slope
of Baboon mountain, near the old
independence mining camp sew
eral weeks ago, was foully muir
dered, no longer exists. Hughson
was murdered and his body Sc
creted somewhere in the mountain
Businesses.
Recently Sheriff Brannon of Sweet
Grass county and party of search
ers found a trail showing conclus-
lively that Hughson had been muir
dered. The body had been dragged
over the mountain to the north slope
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14
BY MARTHA E. PLAssMANN

YHEN Father De Smet returned
M to this country from his Sc
Wv cond visit to Europe, where
he went in the interest of the mis-
sion he founded near the mouth OF
the Columbia river, he brought with
him a few priests, and of these was
Father Anthony Ravalli, whose
name is linked for all time with that
of Montana.
Because of some nuns who accom-
PANIED them, it was thought best to
make the journey around Cape Horn,
instead of by land, the water route
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14
A NEW OIL MP F R E E
Burn $40 Air

e. P. johnson, 900 W. Lake St., Chi
cago, ILL.,, the inventor of wonderful new
oil lamp that burns $40 air and beats
gas or electricity is offering to give one
free to the first user in each locality who
will help introduce it. Write him for par
ticulars. Agents wanted.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14

FATHER Ferarra, Italy, OF
who the frontier days OF the North
primitive peopea sacrifice that few people
fully appreciate Most of his experiences CEN
ST. Marys and the other Missions OF western Mon
he development of Montana
admired and euloged by
Proths wella those of his belief
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1924-11-14

Ravalli's services were often in de-
mand andhe gave them willingly, re-
CARELESS of whether the patient was
Catholic or Protestant.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
WALL STREET NOTES.
Associated and Pacific Oil Firms
to Merge-Sugar Issue Sold.

NEW YORK, January 21.-Consoli-
dation OF the Associated Oil Company
with the Pacific Oil Company, which
owns 81 per cent of the formers
stock. Is being planned, according to
reports in the financial district Pa
cffic Oil. 1t is understood. will increase
its capitalization over the minority
holdings of Associated Oil.
The banking syndicate, which Offer
ed $4,000 shares of Great Western
Sugar Company common stock at ss6
a share, today reported that the en-
tire issue was sold within An hour
after tho books opened The annual
dividend on the stock was increased
from 81 to 50 q. share last week.
The Mahonins Coal Railroad Com
pany, a New York Central subsidiary,
has declared a dividend Of $40 on the
common stock, payable February I, to
stock Of record January 26.
The Prudential Insurance Company
reported that in 1898 it's assets passed
tho $1,000, ,o0o, 900 mark for the first
time. Total paid for business last year
amounted to $1.470. 100000, an increase
Of $l5s, 100000 over 1922.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
BETTER COTTON CROP
ESTIMATES SOUGHT
Bills introduced in Congress Aim
at Changed Methods in
Government Reports.

Bills designed to insure better cot
ton crop estimates and ginning re-
ports were introduced today In the
Senate by Senator Harris, democrat
Georgia, and the House by Repre-
sentattves Rankin, democrat, Missis-
sippf, and Swank, democrat, Okla
homa- The measures have the ap-
prove of officlats of the Agricultural
department and the cansus bureau
ana were drawn as a. result of
study OF the subject by q committee
of southern senators and representa-
tives.
One bill would stop tho cotton acre
age estimates of the Department of
Agriculture based on farmers inten-
tions to plant. The other measure
would require SeIni-monthly cotton
crop reports by that department and
ginning figures by the census bureau
and estimates to be published stimuli
taneouSly. The estimates would have
10 be approved by the departmental
board OF officers in touch with cotton
conditions.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
PRICES OF COTTON
IN MARKET TODAY
Early Declines Are Made Up in
Later Trading-Weatber in :
South Price Factor.
Rv the Associatea Press.


NEW YORK, January 21.-The cot.
ton market opened easy at a decline
of 10 to 40 points today. owing 70
weak Liverpool cables and the strike
of British railroad engineers. March
sold off TO 800 and May TO 32.s7
under southern and local selling
making declines OF about 50 to 81
points on old crop positions, wthile
October sold at ESQ. or 20 points nc,
lower. Houses with Liverpool con.
nections were among the buyers Of
the break. however. and there was II
good deal of covering which causeit
rallies Of IS to "a points during thu.
early trading. :-...rs.
Freezing weather was reported i+t'
practically al sections OF the south
leading TO talk of 4 further reduction
in the number Of boil weevilS Jikeiy
to survive the winter, but new crop9
months were relatively steady during.
the early trading. 49,, :
Prices in New orIeaus.
NEW ORLEANS, La, January Ell
Prices were lower by 40 TO 45 points
on the opening Of the. cotton. market. /.
today, March falling TO 1857. Liver:
pool came in lower thanttJ1Ie aflH the.
British railway strike also Was ~
bearish influence. The rCxtfem ely
severe weather over the belt, whfltc
II was regarded as seriously interfeT'
ing with plowing, appeared to cause
considerable selling because OF. It's
effect in destroying insect life Sell
ing pressure was not sustained ah6
March recovered to 32,92 by the ems
of the first half hour of business.
Noon Bids on Cotton, "
NEW YORK, January 2l.--CpttbH'
futures, HAS am. bids steady. Jafn :.
airy, 33.55: March, $3.50; May, 33.iO.
} July, 320S; October, 27.97.
: NEW ORLEANS, La, January 21.-.,
Cotton futures, noon bids steady:
, January. 32S5; March, 33.05s MAJ.
32SO; July, 3I.95; October, 2T.4o.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
OPENING IS STRONG
IN BOND MARKET
Week Starts With Railroad
Issues in Favor-Gains
in Favored Groups.
by GEORGE r. HUGHES.

Special Dispatch TO The Star.
NEW YORK, January 21.-Quota-
tions for both investment and specu-
lative bonds held firm in todays
market and in favored issues ad-
vances were scored.
The New Haven bonds were espe-
cially strong. Tho franc rs, due
April ]. 1925, jumped points, COM
pared with gain OF only a little
more than that for all last week.
The dollar Is. maturing at the same
time. also were dealt in in large
volume above so. The franc Is are
1928 top. but the dollar Is are still
below last years high. st. Louis.
san Francisco adjustment 6s were
active, but without important change
In price and, generally speaking, the
raiiroao ilst as whole was quiet.
fractions Also Higher.
In fractions Interborough Rapid
transit rs went up a point, almost
points above the price on the first
of the year. Other Interboroueh
obligations were firm Buying con-
tinued also in Hudson and Manhattan
income Ss. stimulated by favorable
earnings statements. Third Avenue
iehiI ABOVE 40 Tor the
trst time this year. Among the in
dustrials Central Leather 5s made
new high on the present move
ment, but Virginia Carolina Chemi-
cal Issues were heavy and lower
Investment buying on high-grad
securities continued, but not so ac-
lively as last week. Among govern
ment bonds the Treasury AVS made
a new high on the present movement.
Other liberty issues, especially the
second 4 u $. were in demand United
States Steel sinking fund 5s equaled
their recsnt high, and the legal rail-
road bonds were quietly firm.
Foreign Group Steady.
In the foreign group French gov
ernment bonds were fairly steady.
Notwithstanding renewed weakness
In franc exchange and a slightly
lower price for the Department OF
Seine rs, Austrian Is held well
around the low point OF last week
United Kingdom 5H g of 1897 showed
resistance to further selling. State OF
Queensland 6s. however, again sold
below par. Japanese obligations were
active and slightly higher
The most interesting OF the new
issues was the s7.200.000 of Norfolk
and Western 4Is per cent equipment
trust certificates. The fact that these
equipments could be sold on a basis
ranging between 4.50 and 4.9O per
cent is striking commentary on the
ease OF che money market.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
MARKET AT sTANDsTILL.

NEW YORK, January 7 (SpaoiaD !.
The sharp drop in temperature. to-.
day retarded tho movement OF fresff
fruits and vegetables from the stores
of commission merchants and rail
road piers. as dealers were loath trt
risk the transporting Of perishables =.
Supplies of most commodities " err.
liberal but at most railroad ysrdS
trading COR bulkcd produce was prac
ticalIy at a Standstili consequently
tbc markets were inactive, with
ouotations entirely nominal.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
SEEK COAL SUBSTITUTE.
Anthracite Almost Prohibitive in
Places in Wes. "

ST. PAUL. January 21.-Domestic
consumers have taken the coal prob
lem in their own hands. More sub
stltutes for anthracite are being
burned this winter than ever before.
Householders are experimenting with
half a dozen varieties OF soft and
semi-hard coal and coke. S..
More coke la being burned than
ever before. Oil is being burned to
n considerable extent also, though
this method Of heating IS not making
the progress II was expected to.
Ihe nlsn cost s1a 9 a1s''e IN s1s IN oI TINS
makes IL almost prohibitive to the
average consumer.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
DRY GOODS MORE ACTIVE,

NEW YORK, January a., Especially
The week began a little more brisk
ly in the cotton goods markets today.
making slight recessions. Print
cloths were quoted at 10k cents tor
90 By SOS. O reduction OF an eighth
cent, and II cents for s8 by 72s The
here and in Yokohama. with prices
off from PA to 5 cents on Japanese
silks and to 10 cents on Cantons. !,
Evening star., 1924-01-21
CLOSE is IRREGULAR.
Studebaker Drops Below Par in
Final Trading.

BY the Associa ted Press
NEW YORK, January 21.-Wide
and irregular fluctuations charac-
terized today's stock ma rket. Strength
Of high-priced specialies. such as
Corn Products and General Electric,
and a moderate inquiry for the do
mestic oils was counteracted by the
weakness of automotive issues. Sales
approxfmated 100000 shares.
The closing was irregular Strength
of Corn Products, which advanced
more than points, to 10, suggested
a running in of the short interest
Studebaker broke below par.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
NEW YORK EGG PRICES.

NEW YORK. January 21.-Eegs.
firm: receipts. S.42o cases; fresh
gathered, extra frsts. 45a47: do,
firsts, 42ai4: do. seconds and poorer.
34a32 New Jersey and other hem
merry whites, closely selected. extras.
b3a54; state, nearby and nearby
western hennery whites. firsts TO ex-
'tras. 45s52: Pacific coast whites, eK-
tras, 81 Il sa53: do. frsts TO extra firsts.
46a501A; refrigerator firsts. 27a28 -.
Evening star., 1924-01-21
WOOL TRADING LIGHT.

BOSTON. January 81 (SpeciaD.-
Trading in the Summer street raw
wool markets was rather light today,
with interest stiil centered on the
American Wooien Company's open
ing Of heavyweight lines, which has
been delayed. Prices continue about
steady, although dealers believe the
continued strength of wool abroad
and the reduced supply of domestic
wool in dealers hands will bring an
incl ease after the opening. Receipts
last week were 1855, 400 pounds and
shipments. 6,2i2,000 pounds r