The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-07-25
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 Mandel said he, Leopold and Loeb at tended, the witness threw new side light on the characters of the two youths. He disclosed that they played against each other in these gatherings that they plunged, that they bet more than anyone else.
 Leopold and Loeb as gamblers, as young men who flung away their money in a game of chance, were dis closed in entirely new roles. Their gambling complexes hitherto had not been brought into the case. The in- formation appeared to interest Leopold, Sr., deeply, because he leaned forward and cupped his ear in his hands, so that he might not miss a word Jacob Franks, father of the slain boy, who sat about three feet away from the father of one of the his sons mur- derers, also was interested. He was listening to a new story concerning the youths who so wantonly and cruelty kidnapped and killed his youngest son.
 Mandel left the court room smiling, entirely self-possessed. He greeted friends gayly as he passed out.
 The state spent most of the morning session weaving it's net more tightly around the slayers through the exhibi. tion of the relics of their crimes and through their identification by people who at some time had handled them.
 There was the chisel with which Bobby" Franks had been knocked nm. conscious after he had been lured into an automobile just after he had fin. lshed playing baseball with his youns frlanFic nrl hn l., # AL Harvard school. The chisel was blood stained. The blood was that of Robert Franks. Jacob Franks twitched nervous ly whenever Grove displayed this in strument of death. He could not bear to look at the rhisel and invariably he turned away.
 The rope with which Leopold and Leob bound their victim was in ire quent display. It was frayed, thin strand, hardly strong enough to hold an adult, but certainly of sufficient strength to bind little boy who had been knocked unconscious with blows over the head.
 Typewriters Identified
 Two typewriters' their metal reflec ting spot light played upon them in million wrinkles, lay before the wit ness stand. One was the machine or which Leopold and Loeb constructed their astonishing ransom notes and their instructions to Jacob Franks or how to pay them the ransom money The other was a machine that Leopold frequently used for his treatises or birds and law.
 One typewriter was battered, most of its keys had been twisted off. Some of the parts were missing. After the murder the two youths had battered the machine on which they wrote the kid. naping missives, had torn off some of the keys and had thrown the parts and the main body into a lagoon at Jack son Park. They believed they had put the typewriter on which they wrote their inhuman notes out of the sight of man forever.
 Not quite so gruesome as the actual objects used in connection with the abduction and killing were letters and cards filled out under the name of Morton D. Ballard" an assumed name of Leopold. Nathan had registered at various hotels under the name, carry ing out his plan of crime, and even had opened a bank account as Ballard.
 Letter Is Read
 Andrew Russo. car inspector. whC found the letter Leopold and Leob hat left for Jacob Franks in a Pullman car was the first witness of the day. Grove took his appearance on the stand as an opportunity to read the letter, which di- rected Franks to board train, go into certain car, and toss the ransom money in an envelope out of the win dow as the train sped past a designated factory.
 Frank B. Futile, clerk at the Hotel