davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29

Der Of employed 1888 during tho
year in the centers covered by the
report or a little over per cent
while the operations Of the indus
try, by volume of production, de-
creased in percentage of capacity
from IA to 63 in the same period,
indicating much partial employment.
Bitumlnous coal production fell
Comparative figures based on the
1913 index from a peak production
during the year Of 1876, and a yearly
average Of ia, to but 101 in Deem
Der, 1928. The building industry
estimates 10 per cent to Is per
cent reduction in operations for
1924. Railroad construction and re-
placements, optimisticaily estimated
some months ago at two billions Of
dollars for 1924, has not material
lied and will doubtless not be real
lied in anything like that sum. The
railroads have reduced their operat-
ing forces by $4,000 during the
latter part Of 1928 and since. The
trend toward unemployment has been
accumulated by the hundreds Of
thousands of farmers driven from
the land and into the cities by the
agricultural crisis. These are but
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29
But He Can't Hold on Much Longer.

a few of the objective facts that
point to the unquestionable growth
of unemployment.
Along with this gradual trend in
the general situation goes more vio-
lent displacements within certain
industries and localities. Thus the
coal industry is in the midst of a
most difficult REIMBURSEMENT which Is
throwing large numbers out of en-
ployment in the entire industry,
while in certain restricted fields the
industry is fourishing. Coal min
ing was so expanded under the ne
cessities of war, that it has a pro-
ductive capacity 40 per cent above
the needs Of the domestic market in
times of peace. Operators are taxi
ing advantage of this fact to shift
production from union fields and
high-cost mines, to non-union areas
and low-cost pits.
This internal adjustment, invoIv.
ing the expulsion of 100000 miners
from the industry by force OF star;
walton, creates a major crisis in the
coal mining industry. The copper
industry presents a somewhat SINH
lar situation, with an industry keyed
up to war needs, now cut Oft from
European markets, and with the
added complication Of new low-cost
ore fields recently opened to exploi,
tation with great expenditure OF
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29

following general considerations will
guide our participation in such
struggles:
Unemployment is an inevitable
accompaniment Of capitalism, and
can only be abolished with the sys-
tenn that produces it. The struggle
against unemployment must be cal
culated to enliGhten the workers TO
this fact, without dampening the
ardor of their struggle but rather
intensifying it. To this end, prac-
fical sets of demands must be
formulated and program of action
established, designed to weld ali
manifestations of protest against
unemployment into a national move
ment; this must in turn be adjusted
to each local and industrial situation
in practical manner.
The slogans and practical actions
of the struggle viii follow two gen
eral channels, the political and in
dustrial; they will be. directly
against the government as the rep
resentatives of the capitalist sys-
tenn, and against the industry and
individual employer as the imme-
date exploiter. These two aspects
will often be interwined and inter-
changeable, but for clearness are
considered separately. They will
Continued on page g.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29

capital which are shifting the CEN
ter of gravity of the industry toward
the new fields, and thereby displac-
ing labor and creating unemploy.
ment.
These industrial and sectional
problems of unemployment require
special programs Of action for The
workers in the respective fields, CO.
ordinated and included in the gen.
eral struggle, adjusting to local
conditions the fight against imml-
nent impoverishment and unemploy-
mcnt; they canot alone, however,
be made the basis of a general pro-
gram to fight unemployment, which
must be built upon the situation of
the American working class as a
whole. On this general situation at
this time, we can say that unem-
ployment is increasing and threat
ems to assume a mass character
sometime between the summer of
1924 and spring Of 1925, but it has
not yet reached that stage.
Program for Fighting Unemploy-
ment.
The Workers Party shall take a
leading part in the fight against
unemployment in all its phases. The
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29

can observe there are no objective
visible signs at present"
In this judgment the Central E1-
ecutive Committee of the Workers
Party agrees with Comrade Varga.
The United States is not yet suffer-
ing from an acute industrial crisis.
The situation has not fundamentally
changed since Comrade Varga wrote
his report. Unemployment has not
developed a mass character in the
United States.
The downward tendency Of pro.
duction and the growth of the mum
Der Of unemployed is, however, dis
tinctly marked and threatening
While it would lead to serious error
to overestimate its immediate Gig
nificance as Q national problem, II
is still a fact Of the utmost import
ance in its implications for the fu-
ture. Many facts are at hand ia
point this out.
For example, in the textile in
dustry (See note on Textile Industry
Last page) there is, according "a
the figure Of the U. S. Bureau OF
Census, (report covering key centers
Of the industry, decrease in the
number Of persons employed from
December, 1922, total Of 264,7
to December, 1928, the number OF
POI ,914, or q decrease in the mum.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29
Unemployment in the United States

the tempo Of development is sub
ject to variation by many minor
factors.
Thus at the present momcn.
there has been distinct check In
the downward trend, with many fac
tors in tho industrial situation reg
istering an appreeiable improve
ment AS an example Of the facts
that substantiate this observation
may be cited the record Of carload
ing for the week ending March LIST,
which exceeded by a wide margin
the loading record for any week Ia
January, February or March in
history.
So eminent an economist as Eu-
gene Varga has said, in his review
Of the economic situation Of the
world for 1923: "Production and the
whole economic life Of the United
States and Canada continue on a
fairly good level, without so far
showing any clear signs Of an ap-
preaching crisis. We do not wish to
say that this crisis win not socn
arise. In accordance with the gen
eral experience Of capitalist produc-
ton this should be the case in the
not distant future. but so far as VIC
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29
SECOND SECTION

March 2sth, 1924. This
magazine supplement win
appear every Saturday
in The Daily Worker.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-29
mt Extent and Rate OF
Unemployment.

We are certain that unemployment
on a mass scale will Zee the work
ing class in the near future. That
does not mean that we can say posi-
lively that it will be in the summer
Of 1924, or the winter Of 1924-25 or
even that it may not be held Off I'M
til the summer Of 1925. The ten
dency is fixed by broad underlying
factors which do not admit Of IN
employment being prevented, but
Evening star., 1924-09-04

last night and recalled that, although
washington may see it's first world
series between the two major leagues
thls year, 1t had a winning ball team
IN the Eastern Association in 1883,
headed by Mike Scanlon. This team,
ne said. performed on a diamond at
New Jersey avenue and c street, and
many of his pioneer comrades nodded
their recollection of it.
John Claggett Proctor brought up
the subject when he read a paper
suggested by the recent squirt of the
washington team. He began with the
days when the Nationals played on a
lot between Sixteenth and Seven
teenth. r and S streets, after which
they moved to. the square bounded
py Ninth and Tenth. S and T streets.
In addition to Billy Wise he men,
tioned Bob Barr, veteran employe
OF the District government, as an
other iron-armed pitcher of that
period. Phil Baker, catcher on
the team at that time, never used a
mask of glove, Mr.. Proctor said.
Every Finger Broken.
Every finger on his hands was
distorted from having been broken
time and again." Mr.. Proctor con-
tlnued. Indeed. the catcher's mask
was not used until 1876 and the chest
protector and gloves after that date
Evening star., 1924-09-04
PROSPECTS BRIGHT
. FOR GERMAN LOAN
American and British Bank
erS Discuss Details in
London Conferences.
BY HAL O'FLAHERTY.

BY Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News
LONDON, September 4.-Private
conversations between American and
British bankers over details of float
ing the Dawes loan for Germany have
taken place this week both in Lon
don and on the continent. The chiefs
of three great American banks, John
J. Mitchell, J. P. Morgan and Paul
Warburg, have been quietly sounding
out opinion as to how much of the
loan should be floated in Europe and
how much in the United States
British bankers seem to lean heav-
fly toward distributing at least $50.-
100000 of the loan among neutral and
allied countries, leaving Great Britain
TO raise like amount. The balance
OF $100,000,00O would be raised in
America.
Prospects Bright.
The British theory for this plan
of distribution rests on the fact that
neutrals and other allies will receive
greater benefits than Great Britain
and therefore they should be asked
to shoulder fair share of the bur
den. Prospects for successful float
ing appeared brighter than ever to-
day, reports indicating that German
prosperity was bound to increase and
perhaps make the loan one of the
best sorts of investments.
Whether one American bank or sew
erai will take part in the American
issue is still in doubt, but we'll in
formed bankers on this side feel GER
tain that Germany would prefer
three or more, including those al
Evening star., 1924-09-04

From the first it was regarded by
many as unsportsmanlike to use these
projections. The first gloves used
were not of the present design, but
were the regular mems dress kid
gloves with the fingers cut off.
THE present generation feels that
the game Is now played more scientif
ically than 1t was 40 or SO years ago.
] am one of those who do not think
so. The rules Of the game have seen
many changes since then, and it Is
! these changes which. to some. make
the game of today seem different to
that played in the 70s and sos "
Another interesting paragraph in
Mr.. Proctor'ssrecollecti was a de-
scription of the uniform worn by a
team of Nationals about 1862. 1t con-
| sisted of dark blue trousers and jack
ct. red belt, jockey cap and chamois
leather CATERS.
Gives Facts ON Alexandria.
After the pioneer citizens had fought
over again the base ball battles of
40 years ago Joseph !. Keefer read
short paper on the early history of
Alexandria,. Va. The paper dealt prin-
cipally with a sketch of the family
of John Summers, the first resident
OF the area which became the city of
Alexandria.
Mr.. keefer said that on one occa-
sion Summers, who was a hunter, was
offered large tract of land in what
later became Alexandria in exchange
for his favorite rifle. but refused the
offer.
Washington Topham gave a short
account of the effort to establish
Jackson City in Virginia. just across
the Potomac from Washington, in
1886. On behalf of William S. Parks,
Capt. George w. Evans turned over
to the association a number of old
newspapers. One told of the return
or Admiral Dewey in 1899, and the
others gave accounts of the death
of President Mckinley, in 1901.
Evening star., 1924-09-04
OLDEST INHABITANTS AROUSED
OYER PROSPECTS OF PENNANT
History of d. c. Relegated at Meeting for Snappy
Discussion of Base Ball-RecalI another
Winning Team, in Capital.

If Stanley Harris and his band Of
lighting Nationals could have listened
in last night at the keyhole Of old
Union Engine House, Nineteenth and
H streets northwest, they would have
realized how completely they have
taken this town by storm in their
dash for the American League PEN
nant.
The Oldest Inha bitants of the Dis
tr1ct of Columbia were meeting there,
but a stranger would never have
guessed 1T. True, there was silver
hue to the heads of those gathered,
but the faces were beaming with
boyhood smiles. They were not dis
cussing the early development of
Washington as a city or Washington
as the Nations Capital. They were
talking base ball.
And. while they are all roofing for
the pennant of 1924, they turned
back the pages of their memories to
remind the younger fans of today
that Washington has turned out
other famous ball players in the
years of long ago.
Recalls Winning Team.
One of the old-timers OF the di-
amond-William E. Wise-was there
Evening star., 1924-09-04

mlttee would assign the association
10 a place in the line of the march
later.
James F. Duhamel entertained the
members with a ghost story based on
murder case of years ago.
Samuel c. Cropley, a newly elected
member, recounted some Of the early
history of Georgetown, dwelling
principally on the important position
that city once held as a port for i'm
porting snd exporting. He said many
persons do not Know that George
town still does considerable amount
OF shipping business.
James w. Mcmahon was elected to
membership last night. Vice Presi-
dent Bryan presided and J. Eliot
secretary.
Evening star., 1924-09-04

Capt. Evans also presented to the
association two photographs, one of
a picked company of the Washington
Light Infantry Corps Of 1882 and the
other of the Association of Oldest In
habitants, taken on the Treasury
steps in 1904.
DR.. william Tindalr inquired where
the old Riggs School was located, and
Gen. Charles Ourand recalled 1t stood
at N and Kirby streets northwest.
On motion of Mr.. Proctor the as
ISOLATION voted to take part in the
Defense day demonstration on Sep
tember IL. Vice President Henry l..
Bryan said the Defense day COM
Evening star., 1924-09-04

ready Interested in German finance,
to take part. British industrialists
evince considerable alarm over re-
ports that Germany has reduced ex-
port freight rates on the railways
with the object of giving exporters
an unreasonable advantage in over
seas markets. Their anxiety is un-
warranted. because the various Dawes
commissions are given the power to
check any such maneuver and pre-
vent any great reduction in the net
revenue of the railways.
Copyright, 1924. by Chicago Daily News Co..
Evening star., 1924-09-04
WORK ON CONSTITUTION.
Hondurans Complete Judicial and
Other Articles.

TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras, Septem-
Der 4.-The constitutional assembly
is actively engaged in formulating
articles to the new constitution of the
republic.
Articles that have been completed
thus far provide for the independence
of the judicial branch of the govern
ment, abolition of the death penalty,
taxation, regulations governing con-
cessions for national resources, which
may not exceed 10 years, and regu-
lations regarding the army.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
BUNCO ARTISTS NOT so
GOOD WITH PREACHER

Newark. N. j., Sept. 1S.-Two al
legged bunco men tackled the wrong
person when they attempted to play
a bunco game on Rev. d. d. Pongar,
pastor of the Friendship Missionary
Baptist church, 315 Norfolk street.
They gave their names as James
Link, 20 Longworth street, and Gus
Wicker, Plane street. For their mis-
take in picking minister of the Cos
pei the men are serving 80 days in
Jail.
The two showed the clergyman
what they said was large roll of
bills, but what in reality was bun
die of paper with a 81 bill on the
outside. They wanted the minister
to put what money he had with theirs
and show them a safe place to bank
the whole amount. Becoming sus-
picious, Pongar called Traffic Officer
Plunkett, who was stationed at Craw-
ford and High streets, who placed the
two men under arrest.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
WIFE TALKED TO NEGRO;
MAN GOES ON RAMPAGE

Columbus, Ohio. Sept. 1S.-When
Garfield Moore, aged rs. years, looked
out his kitchen window and saw his
beautiful young wife talking to a col
ored man standing in the alley, he
lost control of himself and went on a
rampage, and rushed upstairs and de-
stroyed what he supposed in his haste
to be his wife's wardrobe by cutting
dresses and other wearing apparel
into shreds with a penknife.
Moore discovered his grave mistake
when he was hailed into court the next
morning by Miss Maggie Welsh, a
roomer at the Moore home, on the
charge of having destroyed her
clothes.
Judge Mahaffrey gave Moore a
suspended sentence of 80 days in the
workhouse and a fine of $50 and
costs on condition that he pay for the
damage incurred. Moore, his wife
and Miss Welsh are white.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
URBAN LEAGUE STARTS
PROGRAM ON WEST SIDE

Fall and winter activities on the
West Side were ushered in last Sun
day by the Urban League at the
Neighborhood House when the Pill
grim Baptist church choir, under the
direction of Mr.. A. v. Hall, rendered
a splendid program of anthems and
spirituals before large and enthusi-
astic audience. Mr.. Carter of the Ur-
ban League announced that the young
men of the West Side had organized
and had brought to a high state of
efficiency an orchestra which has been
organized for some months. The
West Side Mothers Club, under the
leadership of Mrs. Birdie High, is
planning an active year in domestic
art, and the younger girls are being
trained in mothercraft by the club
director of the Neighborhood House
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
KHAN TRIES TO PLACE
CRIME ON NEGROES

Waukegan, ILL.,. Sept. 1s.-A man
was found one day last week In de-
serted old farmhouse branded with
the letters, X. X. X, gagged and
blindfolded. Alleged Klansmen in
the vicinity have been very active in
denying accusations as to having COM
mitted the crime. After several days
investigation, in apparent co-opera-
tion with officials of the county, it is
now claimed that the crime was COM
mitted by Negroes. II is alleged by
the Klansmen that the man is said to
have had 1850 in his pockets and that
it is believed gang of Negroes rob-
bed the man and then branded him
in an effort to conceal the crime.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
ISN'T LARCENY TO TAKE
WATCH FROM A CORPSE

Baltimore, Nd, Sept. 1S.-Accord-
ing to an attorney representing
George Atkins, who was tried in the
criminal court Saturday, a man does
not commit larceny when he steals
from a corpse.
The prisoner is charged by wit,
nesses with stealing the watch OF
the late John Parker as he lay dead
in the parlor of his home on Cough
street. After Atkins had paid his re.
spects the dead mans nephew, Will.
iam ]. Taylor. said the watch was
missing, also a watch chain.
Police officials who testified. stated
that they found Atkins in the act oi
pawning the timepiece in a loca
pawnshop.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
Commends MihoHand
For Race Utterance
Continued from Page y


stitution of the United tSates.
am surprised that occasion arose
at the memorial service which inevi-
tably called forth your noble mani
festation of loyalty to the memory OF
your daughter and the humanitarian
principles incarnated in her life and
her heralded by her career. You
could not have done otherwise and be
true to her and to multi-millions OF
both racial groups in our country
who are striving for the establish
ments of right relationship between
all peoples and who in their hearts
will deeply approve your action.
Though personally unknown to
you, being southerner by birth and
training. and a northerner by twenty
years of residence, with my life dedi-
Gated to the cause of one common hu-
manity in the racial complexity of our
country, wish to congratulate you
upon your words which through the
press have been known to millions
and can but result in good to all the
people.
Respectively yours,
JOHN LOUIS HILL.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
MAN 81 YEARS OLD
HOLDS DOWN TWO JOBS

Gaithersburg. Nd, Sept. 1S.-
James Jackson, 81 years old, porter
at the Pennsylvania railroad station
here, is holding down two jobs.
For forty-one years he has been a
porter at the station. going to work
at 2 p. NJ. and quitting at 10 at
night. Then he runs over to the First
National Bank, where he is night
watchman and janitor.
Quitting here he takes the east
bound express which lands him at
Bennings, d. c., his home, where he
spends a couple of hours with his
wife, returning to begin his days
work over again.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
WOMAN, MAN SLAIN
IN MURDER MYSTERY

Sioux City. Iowa, Sept. 1S.-(Spe-
cial to The Freeman) A mysterious
double murder was uncovered here
Saturday, when the bodies of a wom-
an, believed to be Emma Johnson, 35
years old, formerly of Denison, Iowa
and colored man were found in a
cheap apartment which the woman
rented last Monday.
Their throats had been cut and
there were evidences that the woman
had been beaten. 1t is believed the
pair had been dead three or -four
days.
Police believe the motive for the
crime was jealousy on the part of a
former sweetheart of the woman.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
MINNEAPOLIS GROCERY
UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT

Our Economy Market, the largest
colored grocery in the Twin Cities,
owned by p. ]. Buford and J. w.
Posten, is now owned and operated by
MeDuff Woodard, well known Mill
City business man. Mr.. Woodard, in
a statement issued shortly after the
consummation of the sale, said that he
would continue to give the consum-
ers the same quality of high-grade
groceries and meats at more reason
able prices. Mr.. Woodard thanks the
public for its past patronage, and will
appreciate their further cooperation
and patronage.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20
METHODIST CONFERENCE
MEETS AT DULUTH, MINI,

Those in attendance from st. Paul
were: Mrs. George Duckett, Mrs
Mary Rogers, Mrs. Hazel Craig. Mrs.
Nancy Fox, Mrs. Annabel Harris. Mrs.
B. Vivian, Mrs. VIM. Bowen, Mrs,
Nick Smith. Mrs. Edith Settles. Mrs
Mary Hickson. Mrs. Minnie Archer
r. and Mrs. Edmund Hill and many
others.
Rev. w. III. Griffin was appointed
to pastor of st. James church, st.
Paul, and Rev. II. L. p. Jones was
appointed to pastor at Des Moines,
Iowa.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20

DR.. and Mrs. r. s. Brown entertain
ed number of their friends in honor
of their guests. Attorney and Mrs. Ed
ward Wilson Of Chicago.
Mrs. Helen Curry Brady Is visiting
in Chicago.
Attorney and Mrs. b. S. Smith en-
tertained last week at a house party
in honor of Mr.. and Mrs. Buckner OF
Kansas City, Kan.
Mrs. c. d. Holt and Mrs. e. A.
Brooks of Detroit, Mich; Miss Ella
Robinson, principal of Dunbar high
school, Kansas City, Kan; Mr.. and
Mrs. Hiram Gibbs, returned from
their vacation last week.
The northwestern bulletin-appeal., 1924-09-20

Camden, N. j., Sept. 1S.-"Help!
Robbers!" shrieked woman at the
Pennsylvania railroad terminal in
this city, causing furor among the
crowds waiting for trolleys. When
officers went to her aid the woman
said she had been robbed of $1,000.
Then she described a small handbag
which she had temporarily placed eG
the sidewalk while waiting Fer a car.
A general alarm was given and the
police throughout the state were told
to be on the lookout for such a bag.
At Palmra, a few miles from this
city. Emma Walker, race woman OF
Burlington, was on a trolley car
speeding toward her home when she
was awakened from her reverie by ah
officer taking a handbag she held, Po-
hceman Roger asked her to step. of
the car and when the bag was opened
Emma's eyes bulged, for the bag was
filled with greenbacks. She was great.
ly surprised, but her pleasure chang
ed when she was told to return with
the officer to Camden. There Mrs
Rowan was waiting.
Then 1t developed that the woman
had been standing at the same point
with identical handbags. When Mrs
Walkers car came along she reached
down and took what she thought was
hers. but 1t happened to be Mrs. Ro
vans.