davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
The Right Word
USE OF WHO AND WHOM (Fiud the Error in This ArticIe)
By w. CURTIS NICHOLSON

Edgar Meurer of New York City writes with regard to the use of who and whom. His letter follows:
 Will you kindly advise through your Right Word column which of the following sentences is correct:
 "tPlease give me the names of the com panies whom you think would be interested in the natter
 "'Please give me the names of the con- panies who you think would be interested in the matter?
 "In other words, what relative pronoun is correct, who or whom?
 If it is the object of think, then the rel ative would be whom; but when one turns the sentence around and says, You do think him would be interested,' it does not make sense, and if the relative is the subject of would be- the grammar states that all pro- nouns which are the subject of an infinitive are in the objective case. Well, l understand would be is progressive infinitive, although cannot find any such term in the grammar. was told it was a progressive infinitive by a teacher
 That is just the trouble. Grammars and the minds of teachers are often too filled with technical terms.
 The subject of an infinitive is always in the objective case, it is true as, Whom did you ask to help you? He is the man whom l asked to help you (whOm is the subject ot ito help in each sentence). But would be interested" is not an infinitive. You would not say, Him would help you" In your example, who is not the object of think; it is the subject of would be interested" It should therefore be in the nominative case who. However, the right word is that not who Can you find another error in the fOrpgoinp OuerVl
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
AN IMPORTANT SEASON

This is one of the most important sea- sons of the year to the boys and girls, young men and young women. It is the time when the schools are opening, and it will determine whether many lad is to be a success or a failure. The de- cision lies largely with the individual, according to whether he wastes his time and fails to profit from his opportuni- ties, or utilizes his advantages and fits himself for the serious duties of life. Be it remembered, too, that every person of school age becomes either an asset or a liability to the community in which he lives. Hence the importance, not only of providing adequate school facilities, but of encouraging the youth to take full advantage of them.
 One of the most thoughtful educators of this country said that the purpose with which boy or girl goes to school will largely determine whether they are wasting their time and the money which the taxpayers provide for the establish ment and maintenance of the schools. If a pupils ambition is to get an educa- ton in order to escape work; If he lma- zines that if he goes through school he will not have to work, but can live from his wits, it is bad. If, on the other hand, his purpose in obtaining an education is to learn to work with more efficiency, and to accomplish more that is worth while for himself and for thos.. within his sphere of service, the time and money devoted to his education are we'll employed.
 Education is practical and construc- tive in its influence and results It IS, unlike financial capital, stable and per nanent. It has value of which its pos sessor cannot be robbed or cheated. It is the foundation of efficiency and achievement. No better or more far reaching investment can be made by the people of Alabama, or any other state than adequate school facilities for al the youth. It is encouraging to note the increased interest taken in the schools bv business men, as we'll as by teachers farmers and citizens generally. The Tn creased value attached to better school: and more of them, better teachers anc more of them, and better paid teachers is one of the most potential agencies fol the progress and prosperity of the state
 That four hundred and eighty-toul Nliter.ate white children and twelve hun dred and twenty-three illiterate negroes between school age and twenty years should be found in Birmingham, with It: excellent school system and its wide tlelc of opportunity for work that IS wortf while, is a condition that should Dc promptly remedied. To be sure, it shows an improvement over previous records but the number can be reduced, ano doubtless will be, now that the authorl' ties are aware of the cases. It will be a great day for Birmingham and foI Alabama when adeuuate school facilities are provided fora every bo! iand girl in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
The NeuU. Teacher
By DIR. FRANK CRANE

A T the close of the first day of school "A the new teacher said:
 Now, children, listen, and, will tell you how I have marked you, and give you my reasons.
 In the first place will explain that do not mark at all upon how well you get your lessons. You may really know much more about the subject than you can tell. Besides you are not here to get lessons and pass examinations. You are here to grow. So I mark you upon how you show that you are making that kind of effort which forms character.
 Jimmy Fitch, I have given q good mark because he was the only one in the room who asked what the word syndicate meant. None of the rest of you knew. Why didn't you ask? Asking questions is the best way to learn. Slurring over things you don't tn- derstand is the best way to become an igno- ramus If you are not curious it is sign you are stupid.
 "Letta Rogers gets a good mark because her finger nails are clean. And she is the only child here whose finger ends are not in mourning. You will find it quite as impOr- tant when you grow up to have clean finger nails as to know algebra.
 Emma Montgomery is marked good be- cause when button was torn from her dress playing at recess she took a needle and thread from her desk and sewed it on. Also she carefully picked up the orange peel she had dropped. I would rather have you all learn to clean up your own litter and look after your own clothes than to know how to spell every word in the dictionary.
 Willie Waters have given high mark because when I asked him who Napoleon Bonaparte was, he said, I don't know. He probably had vague notion, but he did not seek to deceive me- want you, when you cannot tell thing in plain words, not to know To have an honest mind is better than having a stuffed one.
 Charles Stuart is commended because he stands up straight, sits properly in his seat and is not otherwise sloVenly in his habits.
 <"When Jennie Jones failed in her spelling the word 'choler' she went to the foot of the class with a smile, and for that she gets high mark. Some others of you poutedsanl sulked There is nothing you can do that Is so commendabIe as to be a good loser. Any body can succeed pleasantly; it takes a noble nature to fall good naturedly
 During the day six promises were made me by six pupils. Only one of them, Henry Clark did what he promised to do. So he has a high rating. When you become men and women and get the habit of promising thoughtlessly and not keeping your word you will be a nuisance to all those who have to do with you. Do what you say you will do that is better than being able to bound Illinois or tell the capital of Kamtchatka.
 Now you may run home, children. And remember that in this school there are no rules but two: Do what you think is right and be cheerful. And in case you don't know, ask"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

more less radical element in congress.
 The propaganda is based upon erroneous
 views of the supreme courts record.
 Claims of advocates of the proposed change would lead one to the belief that the court spent much of its time declar- ing unconstitutional the acts of congress, whereas relatively few of such acts have been nullified by court rulings. Demands are made by the LaFollettists that five to-four decisions be abandoned and a seven-to-two, or at least six-to-three, basis be substituted in order to declare an act of congress unconstitutional. The exact majority in the rulings of the court might be of little material importance, though it has been pointed out that only nine of these five-to-four decisions are shown by the records of the supreme court during it's. entire history.
 There has been no time in the history of the supreme court when attacks upon it's functions and powers were less re- assuring and needed firmer resistance. For the last few years congress has need ed an effective check as never before. That body contains many blocs, classes and selfish interests seeking special fa- vors. These self-seeking elements are not only represented in congress, but are active in electing members of that body to make laws of their bidding. For these reasons it is especially important that in passing upon the validity of the acts of congress the courts should be entirely free from the temptations of such po- litical influences as are involved in the popular election of federal judges, and especially of members of the supreme court. "There should be a national i'm pulse to defend the supreme court when ever it's integrity is assailed," declares the Kansas City Star.
 And it may be observed that in large measure the propaganda against that tribunal is founded on the purpose of rendering it as impotent as possible in it's defense of the constitution against legislative assault. The supreme court is the strongest bulwark against those di- vergent interests clamoring for improper legislative benefits and favors. Not few of them will apparently never be sat isfied until they fix things so that the constitution can successfully be nullified by unregulated acts of congress.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
AREN'T AL1ENIsTs WONDERFUL.

The alienists have figured out that emo tionaly the confessed kidnapers and mur- derers of Robert Franks are only four or five years old.
 If that is so-and it's the opinion of an expert who gets $250 a day-the question seems to be whether the murderers are to be punished with reference to their emotional or thir intellectual age. If on their emo- tional age they should perhaps be taken home and spanked.
 But if it was emotional age that commit ted the murder, what age planned it? Grant ing that infants four or five years old might have beaten their victim to death with a chisel would they have planned the crime six months in advance? The crime was not the result of a sudden outburst of infantile crime. Loeb and Leopold met two or. three times a week settling the details They cal culated the moves of the police and set their own wits to the task of circumventing them. They proposed to themselves a crime so clever in execution that the most skilled professional detectors of crime would be baffled by it. It was in the nature of a dare to the law and its agents The evil dence that goes to show this also shows, of course, that whatever the emotional age of the murderers may be intellectually they are grown up.
 The jargon of the alienists cannot obscure this point The fact that a criminal has no emotions is no mitigation of his crime. If it were few criminals would be punished, because few have emotions.
 But observe how a two-hundred-and-fifty dollar.a- day -alenist can divide a hair 'twixt north and northwest side; how he can split a man emotionally and intellectually and show a court how to sentence criminals on their emotional responsibility for crimes Thus one defendant developed antisOcial ten committed on their intellectual responsibility. tencies," while the other was fortified by a philosophy of mechanism"
 This is what it is to be a psychiatrist.- Kansas City Star.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
Watching The Parade
I TE had me fooled for a long time. I
 thought he was rich. He had way of
By JOHN PILGRIM

T thought he was rich He had a way of
 reaching into his top pocket with his left hand and fishing out a fat cigar that was the very essence of wealth.
 Throw that toby away" he'd say. "Try a good cigar" The old boy used to reach for the check mighty easily, too, and we got so we let him do it. Why not? He was rich, and it seemed to give him pleasure. Now and then we would play a mild little game of draw poker-it is a more violently social game than bridge and leaves fewer scars and the fat, chuckling, beaming way in which he would hoist in a stack of checks was good to watch. Especially if you were on the outside. Or had him topped.
 "The old boys wife always looks sort of worried" some one said, and we agreed. It was the first time we had considered her. There were strained, anxious marks around her eyes and her mouth kind of clamped shut We agreed that the old boy was justified in heading out of the ancestral five rooms and bath whenever he could She could not be very easy to live with, especially to a rich man who knew so many different ways in which to enjoy himself. He was always re- ticent about getting the check when she was along. And he did not discover the same value in three of a kind
 We hated to lose him." said dyspeptic, sour looking person at the funeral. But to those who suggested that the old boy prob ably left fat estate the dyspeptic man said no. The old boy, he said, had always been
 asalaried man and he had never saved any money Only within the last few years, after his health began to break, had he managed to pay for his home.
 It is wholly reprehensible on my part. But I am quite unable to frame an indictment of the old boy. He enjoyed life.
 Maybe his wife would have been unhappy in any case.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
The Reward of Her Smila

She was rather an elderly girl of perhaps fOrty-five, and he was a good-looking young man.
 She smiled at him across the aisle of the car, and presently he crossed over and seated himself beside her
 Would you care to make an appointment with mel" he asked seriously.
 She giggled hysterically and nodded her head. Visions of an auto ride with the hand some young man at her side quite upset her.
 He arose and handed her his card.
 "Very well," he replied. Be at my office at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. am con- sidered an excellent dentist, and I think it is not too late to fill those front teeth of yours"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
Fog At Seq

(Mary Sinton Leitch in Contemporary
 Verse) I love the sea when her wild waters toss In terrible splendor, crest on creaming crest, Or when she wears upon tranquil breast The ethereal jewels of the Southern Cross. But when she broods in. silence on the loss Of all her mirrored stars I love her best Mysterious, yelled; when there is neither
 West
 Nor East, nor wave nor wing of albstross Upon the invisible ocean then l seem Beyond the fog where mortal vision fails To see ship sped on toward golden sands Of my desire by spirit winds of dream, While fair there flashes on her phantom sails The light of undiscoverable lands.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
Brief Nature Studies
By J. OTIS SWIFT.

NN the hillsides above the lake, where the hot sun has dried and killed the
 grass roots, and bayberry and blue berry stand desolate amid wilted loosestrife, the sandy carbonaceous topsoil is scared here and there with little holes that the passing winds try to fill by blowing the hot powdery silicia and loam. Beside the little pits are heaps of white, rubbery films, the torn shells of snakes eggs,
 Mama Snake long ago adopted a social istie idea as to the matching and bringing up of little ones. She burries the eggs in the sand for the state-in her case Mother Ma ture-to hatch and rear. Mother Nature, whose hands are full of everybody's trou- bles, delegates her son Apollo, the sun god, to hatch the eggs. He is all right as long as he's on the job, but he goes to bed every night behind the western hills
 And after he is gone come the night prowling skunks, demanding their share of distributed wealth. They demand the cOmmu- nity feed them, and, smelling out the nests of eggs, dig them up and eat them. Mama Snake isn't around to defend them. Some times the morning light finds the hillside white with egg shells, like dead mems bones.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
Dark Finance

A darky named Sam borrowed $25 from his friend Tom and gave his note for the amount.
 Time went on, the note became long past due, and Tom was very impatient for its payment.
 One day the men met on the street. Tom stopped and said, with determination Look heah, man, when ah you-all t gwine t pay thet note?"
 T ain't got no money now," replied Sam, but I'm goin' to pay it soon as I kin"
 "Yo' been sayin' thet fer months" re- tOrted Tom, 'but it don't git me no money. Yer gwine t pay thet money here and now, that's whut yer gwine t do. Eff y don't, V know whut I'm goin' t do? I'm goin' to burn yer old note, then whar'll yo' be at?"
 Vas yo' will. Yas yo' will," Sam shouted. "Jes yO burn dat note O mine and I'll pop lawsuit onto you."-Tillie AI Smith.
 The flapper of today may know nothing about baking, but what she can't do with a pile of dough is a shame. Copyright lOsS. Reproduction torbiddenl
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

F. S.-Two brigades of cameramen have just broken through my outer defenses and have me at their mercy. They are demanding that I pose for series of 23,000 newspaper and movie-weekly pictures, jumping through paper hoops, standing upside down in jar of ferns, sitting in a saxaphone players lap, and eating an English mutton chop while playing chukker of polo. I am carrying on
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
|TNasONCE
 | 9fGU OXER
The Prince Writes . Letter Hom,

(The Prince of Wales took time today
 to write letter to his mother.-News
 item.)
 NEAR MA: I am now in my second week of the Battle of Long Island The
 fighting has been very severe and I doubt if can hold out much longer. I am now surrounded. Several new batteries of moging picture men were brought up during the night and are subjecting me to a steady fire. On my right the Seth Division of Amer ican Newspaper Correspondents, known as the All Brass Division, are preparing for a new onslaught. On my left, little to the right of Cosdan Hill, there is strong de- tachment of Rotarians, Businessmen and Boosters smelling me with a continuous fire of invitations to open new food shows, ded- icate new drinking fountains, review Moose parades, act as one of the judges at the Ho- hokus Dahlia Exhibition, etc. #a
 Directly ahead of me there is very sus- picious movement in the heavy woods. My scouts inform me this sector is strongly held by several thousand determined women whose battle cry is Up girls, and at him !''
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

I have just received several offers of mercy. One of them agrees to cease firing if l will consent to. open the Sappville Automo- bile Show. Another offers to make peace if I will attend a christening of triplets in the Bronx. Another agrees to stop hostilities if I will accept an invitation to be an honorary pail bearer at the funeral of Josephus Wham, the oldest member of the Woodmen of the World.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

In my rear there is large force of mar riageable young ladies. They take the atti- tude that they have but one life to give for their title. They are preparing for sharp attack and can hear their jazz orchestra sounding the call for the advance. If I am taken prisoner it will mean a long term at hard dancing. But I shaA never yield to those who don't know the new steps,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
My Back Is to the Wallflower.

had supposed Long Island was friendly country. Have papa look up and place the responsibility for giving us this false in formation. I had no sooner landed than was set upon mad dragged from dinner party to dinner party, house party to house party, lawn fete to lawn fete and dance to dance. No mercy was shown. It was an eye for an eye and waltz for waltz.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
HKY@zz FUN
 HRN # E5@M SHOP II lkH9S4f /zAXSOYT TQKH7LL- UZL2EZL !,
WALLY THE MYSTIC

WALLY THE MYSTIC He'll Answer Your Questions, Somehow Maid, widow, man or blushing bride, If you've a problem to decide, Just drop a note to Wally, who Will solve whatever's troubling you. No Rush Dear Wally For six solid years I've courted one of Scotlands dears. My love had grown so great I'm dotty Shall 1 propose
 Yours truly, SCOTTY. Dear Scotty: Hoot mon, but you're brash Be careful now; do nothing rash. Court five years more; there is no hurry. You'll have that much less time to worry.
 A PuzZler Dear Wally:
 I'm loving maid; I'm not too free nor yet too staid. 1 smoke bit, but not too much. Why don't boys like me? Beats the Dutch. Dear Beats the Dutch It's hard, dear Miss, To tell, off-hand, the cause of this. When fellows see you, do they laugh? Please mail your latest photograph.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

the state. Every illiterate is not only a source of waste, but a public burden. There should be no normal person allow ed to grow up illiterate, and there will not be when the people of Alabama realize what they are losing by permit ting it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
As the Season Opens

Leaving a political rally, where he had heard one of the prominent candidates speak, Uncle Rastus was accosted by a ward leader.
 Well, Uncle, what do you think of our man?" he was asked.
 Il dunno, Boss. But he sho' do recommen' hisself mos highly."-Charles s. Robinson.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

It is said that nine of the fifteen girls proclaimed the most beautiful in Amer ica wore their hair unbobbed, which presented quite contrast with their costumes in this respect
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

It is we'll to remember that the pur- pose of national defense test day was not to encourage the carrying of chips on the shoulder, but of saving wood against an emergency.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

It is reported that the boil weevil can be destroyed by isolating the odor of the cotton plant as lure. It is hoped that the weevil will not smell rat and get wise.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

Tell father to pray for me and to see if he can't do something to make the world safe for travelling men and to protect the rights of small princes.
 Your loving son,
 EDWARD
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
Catch as Catch Can

A bachelor leads lonesome life,
 Deprived of the joys of home and wife; He never knows, the poor old bum,
 Where the next kiss is coming from. George w. Lyon.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
And John spOke for Himself

With all my faults, you love me still, don't, you, John, dear," she asked her hus- band
 Il don't know wearily responded John,E II never saw you that way."-E. P. Mil bank
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

If the choice were left to me, whether to have free press or free government, would choose free press.-Thomas Jeffer- son,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
NO OFFENsE INTENDED

Ruskin was wont to attack all and sundry with a savage merriment which even his best friends at times resented. Once he wrote a friend hoping that fierce criticism written by him of his friends picture would make no difference to their friendship. To which the friend had the wit to reply: e,s
 Dear Ruskin-Next time meet you l shall knock you down, but hope it will make no difference to our friendship
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

NEEDS UNCOMPLIMENTARY ONE
 Secretary Hughes plans to visit Berlin, but he probably will be unable to use those complimentary speeches delivered in London Indianapolis Star.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

T have had a rubber stamp made of my signature and intend to fight it out on that autograph if it takes all winter.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

The cookbook is proposed as politi- cal campaign document. The issue might appropriately be whom to roast or to can.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15
1Ts MEANINGLEss PORTABILITY

We have to put up with acceptance speeches, although nobody expects a presi- dential candidate to decline.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-09-15

EXCLUSIVE MEMBER OF NORTH AMERI- CAN NEWSPAPER ALLIANCE IN ALABAMA.