New Britain herald., 1924-11-28
LISTEN IN ON
 ROARING ATOMS
Scientist Also Tells Of Hearing
 EIeCtrOnS
By Tn, A.socl,tsa Press,

by Is AhhNClhlc1 t4thhs
 Ann Arbor Mich, Nov s5.--EX- perimen's by which scientie's have been able to listen to the movement of electrons, tha smaueSt partclee Of all matter were described here to- day hy pr. A, W, Hull of the re- search laboratory Of tho Genera. E.ect-0, company at the annual mae'ng of the American IAySleal eort,'N.
 Tea vacuum tube 7nptfer in which taa amplhraHon Is earned to a h1n1red.tbou&anl lo,I, and with wn.rh a ml.uon fo.i can N2 r'acafd, mahes this possible, pr, Hull stat ed. The sound p~ofur"1 hy ,he eieo- irons IS caused ny homnarlmett of ths p'are hv e.artrone, released rom the hot d.amert. II is these cleo irons. which carry the current and which make tho operation ot the tube possible. The no.sa is there fore a fundamental property Of elec- tron emisSIoh q characteristic Of the sIectrou, arcorlins to Dr, Hull.
 The experiments have been con- ducted jointly by pr, HuN and Dr, IT H. Williams of tne University of Michigan at the university.
 The noise, due 10 t1s electrical oscillation which IS set up hy the impacts Of the individual electrons on the plate, Is known as the Schrot effect The energy Of each blow is extremely minute, hut, Ike raln drops, the energ of the many in- dtvidual Impacts add, and thet- sum becomes very large With sufficient zmpnAcstion. n-. Hull stated, the hjows may produce roar like that Of Niagara.
 Ths electron is tha ur'f charge Of electricity and the determination Of is value Is of inc utmost impor- tance. The oil drop method, de- Nieed hy Professor Millikan in the physics laboratory of the Universoty ot Chicago, gave science its first ac- curata measurements of the charge ot the electron. Accurate es the eX- periments are, however, 1t Is deetr- able that they he checked by some Independent method.
 MilIkans method of measuring the charge of an eIectron is based on the influence of gravity and ct electric charges on minute oil drop lets" These drop'e,s are so small that the effect of gravity causes them to fall only quarter Of an inch in ten seconds,
 Tn the formation o' these small drops with an atomizer, occasionally one becomes charged ny friCtion. i, 6. 1t may carry an additional cleo tron. It then the droplet Is between two electrically charged plates 1t will behave differently from the un- charged particles Dr. Hull stated. Those which are not charged will fall. The charged particles will be attracted 10 the positive plate. By the Use of the proper voltage be- tween the plates, these charged par tjcles can he made 10 fall more slow !y, held stationary, or caused to move upward. f two electrons, in stead Of one, are held by the drop let, the effect is doubled. Measure ments made by his method give the value of the eIectronic charge Xery exactly In recognition of the ln- portance of this work, the Noble prize In science for last year wa: awarded to Professor Mi,Nkan.
 Doctors Hull and Williams have measured the charge Of the cleo iron in a different way, by means oi the Schrot effect. and have opened ( fed for research which promises tc add to the knowledge rogarding the electron and its properties.
 l. was not such a long time az that the eIectron was unknown, tht speaker declared. First scientist! had he nolecI'e. Itself so small tba' mans ability evnr to seq even on' o' :he largest may seriously h. doubted Then rame the atom, tn minute integral part Of the molAcuIe For 3 long time the atom was con sIdered as the ultimate particle Q mater. But racn element presents ! different atom S7'ar~s V as not con tent n rrs'. r soGght to Connac. ai 7henoma0a, and the e'actron vs. the resI'+.
 r. vas :. sco,e-e1 that a' matte Is composed ot e'e~'ron, The differ 
 ont substances ~esutirg from n different properties possessed hy fh atoms according +o -7A number an s-ra rFameHt Of the e'ectrons the contain