San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1924-04-20

effect in perfect, permanent interior
finish that con not be obtained with
the use of high-grade southern pine,
properly treated.
Directions for Finishing Southern
Pine-The following recommendations
| regarding the finishing of southern
pine are made by prominent paint
manufacturer
System Of Finishing.
1.-THE first thing to consider in the
| finishing of southern pine used for IN
terror trim, is the system of finishing
employing stains and varnishes, be-
cause this type of finishing is used to
greater degree than any other. The
first step in this method of finishing
is the preparation of the wood. BE,
fore any stain is applied, the wood
should be dry. clean and sanded to a
smooth surface. the first coat consist
ing of stain is then applied.
The selection OF type and color OF
stain TO be used on southern pine is
most important feature. Generally
speaking, there are three types OF
stains on the market. One type OF
stain is particularly adapted to the
finishing of one type of wood where
the effect produced with this stain
on another type of wood, would be
most unsatisfactory. These stains are
classified by type as follows: Spirit
stains commonly known as penetrat-
ing stains), oil stains and acid stains
sometimes called water stains). The
first two types of stains, namely,
spirit stains and oil stains, will pro-
duce very beautiful effects on south
ern pine. Oil stains are particularly
designed for use on the so-called soft
woods.
ION the other hand. it is most diff
ficult TO secure a satisfactory effect
on southern pine with acid stains, on
account of the fact that this type of
stain having large percentage of wa
ter present in its composition, tends
to raise the grain of the wood and
warp the wood just the same as water
will do. However. this same type OF
stain on mahoganies will produce the
most beautiful effects which it is pos
sible to secure on that type of wood.
Acid Stains Uncertain.
"Many of the architects throughout
the country who have used acid stains
with highly satisfactory results on
certain woods, will many times speci-
fy this type of stain for finishing
southern pine. Sometimes the painting
contractor will follow the specifica-
tons with unsatisfactory results.
after the stain has been applied to
the interior trim. and same has been
allowed to dry overnight, a thin coat
of shellac may be applied. Where an
oil stain is used, varnish may be ap-
,l.nI It,nat1x- fha stain tbinnin o
the varnish in the proportion of one
pint of turpentine to the gallon OF
varnish. Stains of the spirit type re-
quire a coat of shellac for sealing pur-
poses since spirit stains many times
seriously affect the drying qualities OF
oil varnish where same is applied d.
rectly over the stain.
THE second coat. whether it be
shellac or varnish. is lightly sanded
when dry, and a third coat. consisting
of interior finishing varnish, is APP
piled. On cheaper types of work the
finish is allowed to stand in the
gloss but for better types of work
another coat of varnish is applied.
Sometimes a varnish is used which
dries with a finish which closely ap-
proximates a dull rubbed effect. II n
genuine rubbed effect is desired, the
same type of varnish is used for the
final coat as was used for the previ-
Gus coat. This is permitted 10 harden
thoroughly. and then is rubbed to a
dull finish with powdered pumice
stone and water. or oil.
Wax Finish Also Used.
Frequently waxed finish is used
on southern pine, The procedure is
just the same rs that prescribed for
the varnish finish up to the third coat.
namely, a coat of stain and coat OF
shellac is applied. The third coat con-
sists of prepared wax applied with
a soft cloth, and then rubbed briskly
to a polish with brush of the stiff
ness of shoe brush. IL desired sec
ond coat of prepared wax can be ap-
piled following the same procedure.
BY briskly rubbing the wax to a pol
ished finish, the wax is incidentally
hardened
"The third method of finishing
southern pine is one which is also
quite popular. namely. the enamel
finish. On southern nine the follow
ing procedure is recommended First,
be sure that the wood is perfectly dry,
clean from all dirt and sanded smooth.
The first coat should consist of high
grade enamel undercoater thinned
with pure linseed oil in the proper
ton of one pint of oil to one gallon
of undercoater. A second and third
coat, consisting of enamel undercoat-
er applied in the consistency supplied,
allowing sufficient time for drying be-
tween coats. The first and second
coats should be sanded smooth with
No. 0 sandpaper. The third or last
undercoat should be sanded smooth
with No. 5000 paper. The fourth coat
should be the first enamel coat OF
high-grade long-oil enamel. The first
coat should be thinned in the proper
ton of one pint of pure turpentine 10
one gallon Of enamel. The fifth coat
of enamel should be applied in the
consistency supplied by the manufac-
turer. as soon as the fourth coat will
permit.
Match First Coat.
'The painting contractor should be
particularly careful to watch the con-
dition of the first enamel coat because
if too much time is permitted between
coats, the fourth coat becomes hard
and will have to be 'mossed' (the gloss
will have to be rubbed down..
There are certain places where
southern pine is used for interior trim
where an enamel finish is desired. but
the cost of a five-coat finish with 8
very high-grade enamel is not justi
fled. For this type of finish we recon
mend applying a first coat, as above
described, followed by a second Goa
consisting of thin white shellac. {
third coat, consisting of enamel un
dercoater in the consistency supplied
by the manufacturer, and a fOurtl
coat consisting Of a good grade o