Evening star., 1924-06-29

fully combat the stormS and high
winds Of this season in the same man
ner in which they have negotiated the
dangers through which they have
already passed.
The term monsoon was originally
brought to England from the East
Indies by Portuguese traders, IN
the word were chronicled by Pliny
and Aristotle, as we'll as by the Arab
historian, Sidi ALL in 1854. The, word
monsoon Is from the Arabic man
sim," meaning season, and is gem
a wind blows regularly from a hxed
direction. but it is also applied to
those winds which blow from the
indian Ocean from Austrf"ia to 1ndia:
from the southwest and are laden
with moisture. From Ocober until
April they blow from the northeast
and are considered dry winds;
Their regularity is caused by the
change of the seasons. During the
win .er the cold air from the interior
of Asia blows outward toward the
warm sea. In the summer when the
land, on the contrary. becomes more
heated than the sea, the direction OF
the air current changes and it flows In
a northeasterly direction. The sum
mer monsoon in India is generally
accompanied by violent thunder.
storms and torrential rains. The
prosperity of the interior of India
depends upon the regularity of the
summer monsoon, and occasionally
the monsoon fails to bring the eX-
pected rains and the result is famine.
Such a famine occurred in 1895 and
again in 1899.
Sandstorm of Persin.
After leaving India the shamal, or
sandstorms of Persia will be encoun-
tered by the fiers from Karachi to
Bagdad, along the southern coast of
Persia bordering on the Gulf of
Oman and the Persia.l Gulf. During
these storms, fine particles of sand
are carried thousands of feet in the
air, making 1t extremely hot and
difficult to see. These storms occur
1T the same time as the summer
monsoon in India.
The changing of motors and wings
and making the minor repairs which
are necessary, will consume the bet
ter part of d week. The f1ers should
be prepared to start on the 5000
land about July 2. The route from
Calcutta goes northward up the VAL
ley of the Ganges to Allahabad.
distance of ATS miles. The first
eighty miles of this journey will be
over the paddy fields and the semi
inundated area of the lowlands. Then
the ground will begin to rise grad
ually and the flight will pass over
the great agricultural plain of India.
The word Allahabad means, THE
abode of God" 1t is an ancient city,
the capital of a district of the same
name. The native town consists
largely of mudhouses, but the Eng
lish suburb of Canningtown presents
more European aspect Allahabad
is one of the chief resorts of the
Hindu pilgrims. who come partly to
visit the sacred cave in the Chali
Saturn Temple. whence. it is said,
there is subterranean passage to
Benares, a distance of seventy-two
miles. but chiefly to wash away thsr
sins by bathing in the waters of the
sacred rivers of the Ganges and the
Jumna at their junction
From Allahabad, the flight passes
northward to Ambala. in northern
India, the scene of the treaty be-
tween the governor general of India,
Lord Mayo, and the Emir Shere Ali
of Afghanistan. in 1869, When this
point has been reached, the flyers
will have passed through the dangers
incident to the storms of the monsoon
period and will be well on their way
their journey.
They will be relieved of much of
their work and worry, which had at
tended their tedious progress from
Seattle to Calcutta. During this time
every exposed metal part of the air
plane and its engine had to be care
fully watched and treated to prevent
corrosion and rust, because of the