davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
RALSTON TO BROADCAST
Senator VIII Talk Friday Over Eek.
elusive Station WBBZ.

FIRST radio broadcasting station
that has ever been used exclusively
for political purposes in Indiana will
he opened in Indianapolis at 1880
p. m. Friday, when United States
Senator Samuel NJ. Ralston will de-
liver a speech in behalf OF the can
didacy of John w. Davis, Democratic
nominee for President. Station,
known as WBBZ, is located at a
residence on Iowa St, and is sufFi-
ciently powerful to carry the mes
sage from Indiana Democracy
throughout the Nation.
Every night until eve of the cleo
ton will be occasion for broadcast
ing of a Democratic program from
WBBZ. according to Mrs. A. I. Du-
gan, 1927 Broadway, State chairman
for the Victory Vote Drive, national
organization sponsoring the candi-
dacy for Davis.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
T0DD'S BUS PLAN UP
Park Board Hears Proposal for Car
Line Feeders

Robert I. Todd, president Indi-
annapolis Street Railway Company,
was to submit the company's pro-
posal to handle passengers beyond
street car facilities in the north
west part Of the city today to this
park board. He was expected to
submit a plan of busses to be used
as feeders" to car lines.
Todd declined to discuss his pro-
posal before the meeting, but in
dicated the company was anxious to
take up Mayor Shank's offer that
the car company be given the 1irst
chance 20 furnish transportation,
before the park board allowed busses
to operate on Capitol Ave.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23

unable to longer serve my fellow
men, and consequently forgotten
by them.
My parents sent me to st.
Petersburg, Russia, as it was
then known, to be educated in a,
Russian college. For nine years
1 was a minister of the Eastern
Catholic Church. which is not
the Roman Catholic. The head
Of our church, known as the
patriarch, lived in Constantine
pie, and all the churches Of Rus
sta, Turkey, Greece and else
where in eastern Europe were
under him.
I was living in Bulgaria, to
which nationality my family be-
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
NEW CHARGES
HINTED At BY.
LA FOLLE'T 7 TE
Progressive Candidate Says
He Has More information
on 'SIuSh Fund - De-
CIareS Interests Attempt
to Coerce Workers,

By United Press
EN- ROUTE WITH SENATOR
LA TOILETTE TO GRAND
RAPIDS, Mich. oct. Ex-senator
Robert NJ Ia Toilette has new in
formation" regarding the huge slush
fund he charges is being raised
against him. he declared today az
he set out for Grand Rapids, where
he IS to speak tonight.
La Toilette said one Of his reasons
for spending the remainder OF his
campaign time in the East was to be
close at hand TO watch the "situa-
ton"
First know that the West is
for the Progressive ticket. and that
If the Progressive eastern States
with large electoral votes are carried
by us, we will win the election by
the direct vote OF the people on
Nov. 1
Second know that il the peo-
pie Of the eastern States are per
mitted 10 render a verdict influenced
only by their own desires and po-
Htical convictions. we will carry
these eastern States.
Third know that Wall Street
is attempting to coerce workers OF
the large Industrial centers into vot-
ing for either Coolidge or Davis un-
der threat Of closing down every fac
totry and throwing millions out Of
work in the event of my election.
am going into these Industrial
centers to tell the workers person
ally that under the secret Australian
ballot system no man Is permitted
10 know how they vote.
mportant and vital in
formation is being brought to me at
my train, every day regarding the
huge slush fund which is being
raised by Wall Street in the in
dustrial States OF the East. Il is
necessary that ! should be near at
hand in order to keep in close touch
with this situation which develops
new angles daily and almost hourly"
La Toilette was due for a three
hour stOpover in Chicago today en-
route to Grand Rapids,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23

longed, when the revolt Of the
Turkish provinces resulted In
freedom for Greece and Serbia.
I Joined the ranks of the rebels,
and will carry this bullet scar
on my right cheek to my grave
as a reminder of when Death
brushed me with the tip of his
wing.
Shortly after that time I came
to America to escape the hatred
and turmoil of the Old World. 1
soon added the English language
to my other tongues and began
studying law at night while sup
porting myself and family as
shoemaker in Grand Rapids.
Mich.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
DIVORCE ACTION
BEFORE CHURCH
Lutheran Resolution Would
Stop RennarfIage,
BIZ Tnited Preaa

By tntted Press
CHICAGO. Oct. 23.-Resolution
having for it's ultimate aim placing
of restrictions on Lutheran minis
ters from remarrying divorced cou-
pies was presented today at the con.
vention OF the church here.
The resolution asks the convention
instruct the commission on adjudi-
cation to make a study of the whole
question Of remarriage Of divorces
and duties Of pastors in such cases
and report at 1926 convention.
DR.. G. r. Bowersox, secretary of
the Synod Of Shrewsbury, Pa. which
presented the resolution, said two
fold action is desired. The synod
seeks q statement Of definite causes
for divorce, and also to have the
convention commit itself on a pas
tors duties when a divorced person
asks to be remarked.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23

While yet studying law I be-
gan the manufacture Of a shoe
polish, and though I was ad-
mitted to the bar, I did not prac-
tice. 1 had a happy home with
my wife and baby son, and made
$50, 900 in the course Of ten or
twelve years, spending part Of
that sum to live on. Of course.
But I owned my property, paid
taxes and voted--for 1 became a
citizen as soon as possible.
Then my life was broken up
by a divorce l had to obtain from
my wife. I gave her half of
everything, and the boy cried to
go with his mother. I left the
place and came to Indianapolis,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23

easily But anyhow, it doesn't
matter I haven't seen my wife
for many years and I don't
know what became of the little
boy.
I am proud to say, though,
that I was honest in all my deal
ings. I never drank or ran
after women. I tried to live like
a Christian, and if I had It to
do over 1 guess I would go
through with it again.
I feel sad sometimes though
when l think how 1 helped so
many men out OF the gutter and
the penitentiary, and now I my
self am in poorhouse, able TO
keep no one, least of all myself.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
WATCH TONG SITUATION
Restaurant Manager COnfers With
WOrley.

Police Chief Herman F. Rikhoff
today said that his department would
do everything possible to prevent
spread Of the nationwide Chinese
tong war to Indianapolis.
Criminal Court Invea tigator Claude
E. Worley was at police headquar-
ters early in the day to talk over
the situation as laid before him by
William Fl. Moy, manager of the
Peacock Inn, 238 N. Illinois ST., but
left before Rikhoff arrived.s
Detectives will investigate any
strange Cinnamon reported in the
city. Nc outbreak is feared.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23

TAIR tonight and Friday.
l. Rising temperature antic-
ipated Friday.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
POLL TAKEN ON CAR
Coolidge and Jackson Lead on
Marion Flyer.

Coolidge and Jackson lead in a
poll Of passengers on the Marion
Flyer, Union Traction train between
Marion and Indianapolis, taken by a
Republican State employe.
The emplOye said there were
twenty.nine women and sixteen men
on the car. The poll:
Coolidge, 25; Davis, 13; La Toilette,
Z; Jackson, %, and McCulloch, IS.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
FARMER, HUNTING, SHOT
Wounded Accidentally by Step-SOn
Condition Serious.
BIZ Tines Special

IIlTFH NWFTINI
KOKOMO. Ind. Oct 23.-Joseph
Colcord. SO, farmer near RUssiaville.
is in serious condition today from
shotgun wounds, received when he
was accidentally shot by his step
son. Archie Burgitt Of Russiaville, on
a hunting trip. The charge took ef-
feet principally in Colcord's elbow,
but part Of the shot entered the
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
PEACE IN TONG
WAR SHATTERED
Bomb DemoIishes Chinese
Laundry in Chicago,

By United Press
CHICAGO. Oct. ga dynamite
bomb explosion early today broke
the two-day peace Of the tong war
in the Chinese quarter.
The bomb demolished the laundry
OF Lin Moy, injured two Cinnamon
who were sleeping in the place and
smashed windows within radius OF
several hundred feet.
Police were told the bomb was
thrown from an auto containing four
Cinnamon. Two arrests were made.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
STORY NO. 2

RI WAS born long years
ago in the ancient city Of
Constantinople, of Chris
tian parents. The mosque of
St Sophia and the Golden Horn
We're familiar sights to me in my
childhood.
have seen Christians die for
their religion at the hand of the
Turk. and I have seen men die
on the battle field for their coun-
try's freedom from the same
Turk. have traced Hfe's wind
ing threads through a score Of
countries as priest, soldier and
attorney to the door OF the Ma
riOn County poOrhouse, where it
left me to die. broken and worn,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
THREE BELIEVED
KILLED IN MINE
Seventeen Men EntOmbed-
Fourteen Escape,
BIZ Unitsd Preas

By United Press
MADISONVILLE. KY. Oct. "a
Mine officials believed today that
three men were killed in the dust
explosion which entombed seventeen
worKrs at tn Hart Coal Corporation
min here late Wednesday.
Fourteen men escaped through an
abandoned entrance or are account
ed for as safe in one Of the shafts.
The three missing men were at the
level where the blaste centered. Rela-
t!ves IF the missing miners and other
workers form a crowd Of 1000 per-
sons about the mouth of the mine.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
KAPPMEYER IMPROVES
Man Who Tried to Hang Self Has
Chance to Live.

William Kappmeyer, "a. Of 1888
Linden ST. who attempted to com
nit suicide Wednesday by hanging
himself. was reported in a serious
condition at the city hospital today.
but with chances for recovery.
Samuel Burch, 920 Broadway, IS
in a serious condition at. the city
hospital today, suffering from the
effects of poison said to have been
self-administered, in an attempt TO
end his life after a series OF do
mestic troubles.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
OHIO MINES TO CLOSE
Operators Claim Present Wage Scale
Cuts Down Profit.

= Y WIIFW tFfNN
JACKSONVILLE. Ohio oct. 23.-
More than 1000 men wlll ne thrown
out OF work by closing Of C3ur large
coal mines in the Hoc6in.. VALLEY
within the next week. pittsburgh
coal operators announced today.
Operators claim they cannot OPP
crate at profit under present three
year wage scale.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23

to escape the notoriety and to try
to forget the familiar sights
which I could not look at because
of the pain of memories.
For twenty years and more
practiced law here in Indian
apolis and at Detroit. I saved a
little. but I did not earn much
for l was always wasting my
time and efforts to help some
poor foreigner who was in jail,
or the penitentiary, or who was
In some sort Of trouble where he
needed a lawyer and had no
cash to hire one. They did not
understand the language, they
did not understand the customs,
and so I helped them, because I
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
Rescued

-7IREMEN from Station
r. II, at Thirtieth St. and
IL Kenwood Ave, today
rescued Naomi Ruth. 3. and
Gene. months old children Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Freeman Ken
nedy. 211 T. Forty-Sixth St,
apartment g. from a bathroom
in which they had locked them
selves.
Under direction of Capt. f.
A. Gresh, the firemen laid
ladder across a court between
third-story windows, and Fred
Combs of the department
crawled across and opened the
door. The children went into
the bathroom and Naomi was
not tall enough to release the
spring lock when the door shut.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23

knew many languages.
Altogether I aided about 200
such people to get on their feet
again, with legal assistance, a
little advice and a job The
medal here, which came from
France, bearing the inscription
lie Monde Humanitaire, is my
prOudest possession. Indeed, it
is almost my only one, but I win
never part with it. They gave
it to me on one of my birthday
anniversaries for service to
French citizens in need in this
country.
l don't remember which birth
day it was, because [ have been
sick seven years, and 1 forget
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
JURY OUT IN GIRLS CASE
Deliberate on Fate of Alleged Slayer
All Night.

bW UIIfU ITtsS
TERRE HAUTE. Ind., Oct. 23.-
The fate of Alta Mae Wallace, IT.
year-old girl charged with the muir
der of Henry Peters, her married
lover, was still being weighed to-
day by a jury in Vigo County court
The case was given to the jury late
Wednesday. After deliberating most
Of the night the jury had failed to
reach a verdict.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
GIRL HELD UP
Boy Bandits Escape With Five Nick
els and Some Pennies

Two boys held up Louise Colbert.
6, of 7O9 E. New York ST., en- route
to the home of her aunt. Mrs. j.
Wednesday, according to police re
port today. She screamed when
they grabbed her purse, containing
five nickels and a few pennies. The
boys escaped.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
FIREMAN DIES IN
EARLHAM BLAZE
Administration Building De-
Stroyed by Fire,
By United Press

RICHMOND. Ind, Oct. 23.-Wil-
liam Kinney, a fireman, was killed
ana James Marshall. another fire
man, was seriously injured early to-
day in fire which destroyed Lind
sey Hall. the administration building
at Earlham College.
The men We're buried when the
west wall OF the building caved in.
The blaze started shortly before
midnight. A valuable collection Of
relics and records of the college
We're destroyed.
President Edwards said he feared
incendiarism caused the fire. The
college carried $50, 900 insurance. He
estimated the loss at $3.50. 900.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
K0KOMO GIVES UP FIGHT
Efforts to Bolster Up Haynes FL
nances Abandoned.
BIZ United Press

By United Press
KOKOMO. Ind. oct. 23.-The fight
to bolster up the finances of the
Haynes Automobile Company will be
abapdoned by officials and stockhold-
ers, It was learned today.
Following the action Of Judge
Anderson in Federal Court in In
dianapolis yesterday adjudicating the
company bankrupt, it was decided 10
give up efforts to reach a settlement
with creditors.
A large part OF the company's
$500, 600 bond issue is held by resi-
dents IF Kokomo.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
ONTARIO VOTES ON RUM
Election to Decide Fate of Present
Prohibition Laws.

% 2 Z WTtTW 7 T70
TORONTO. Ont. oct. 23-Ontario
voters went to the polls today 10 de
eide whether or not the present pre-
hibitiOn laws shall be retained.
A heavy vote was forecast with
women probably proving the de
termining factor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
EMERY'S WOUND
IS NOT SERIOUS
Former Legion Chief Rests
Easily in Hospital.

By United Press
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich, Oct. %
Col. John G. Emery, former ma
tional commander of the American
Legion, was resting easily at hos
pital today after being shot Wednes-
day by the drink-crazed husband of
his stenographer.
Doctors said Colonel Emery's
wound was not serious.
Chedell Simpson. Emery's assail-
ant, was under the influence of
liquor at the time of the shooting,
police say. His pretty wife, Olivia,
has filed a petition for divorce.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
COPPER CAMP IN FLAMES
Fire Threatens Destruction of Ari-
zOna Town.

MIAMI, Ariz.. oct Business
section Of Miami, Arizona's largest
copper camp. was in flames today
and destruction Of the entire town
was feared
The fire started at 915 a. N. and
spread rapidly Every available man
was fighting to save the residence
district.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
Snethen to Sneak

Warf1eigh Civic League will be
addressed by Edward o. Snethen,
president of Indianapolis Federation
of Civic Clubs, at the home of Harry
Templeton. $3.50 Park Ave, tonight.
Snethen will discuss the value of a
civic organization in a community.
Norman A. Nicolai, chairman. called
the meeting.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
EXPLOSION DEATH
TOLL NOW At 4
Another Seaman, Hurt in
Blast, Near Death.

By United Press
NORFOLK, Va, Oct. 23.-With
another death during the night.
death toll Of the powder blast aboard
the L. s. S. Trenton today stood at
fourteen, with one more seaman re-
ported in a dangerous condition"
Richard EllingswOrth Benker of
Port Chester. Staten Island, died and
physicians held little hope for re-
covery Of Thomas Baily Of Erie. Pa.
Four other seamen seriously
burned in the explosion were re-
ported to be doing nicely"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
HeaYSe AmbIeS A70ay-GhOStS? ?

block away from the scene of
the funeral and the front wheels
were resting on the front porch
of a prominent citizens resi-
denCe.
Hurst can't explain 1.-THE
street was nearly level and the
engine was not running.
1T must be ghosts" he de-
Clares.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
Hardware Men Meet

BIZ United Press
LOGANSPORT, Ind. Oct. 2S.-
Forty members of the Indiana Re
tail Hardware Dealers Association
meeting here Wednesday night to
consider problems Of the hardware
business. James Smith of Monticel-
10 was named district chairman.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
BIZ Times SpeciqL

~7PEENCASTLE, Ind. Oct
Ii Il 23.-Emmett Hurst just
LII about believes in ghosts.
He is an undertaken assistant
and dives the hearse at funerals.
He parked the machine, shut of
the engine and prepared to take
a snOOze during a service. When
he awoke the hearse was
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
SHANK RESTS VOICE
Mayor in City Between Speaking
Dates for Coolidge.

Mayor Shank. back at his desk
today after a two weeks speaking
tour for President Coolidge in the
East, predicted Coolidge would carry
New York. Ohio and West Virginia,
but the same States would probably
elect Democratic Governors.
He viii leave Friday for, Efing-
ham and Illinois cities, returning to
northern Indiana next week, where
he will fill several engagements be-
fore returning home
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
LOCAL BOY IS KILLED
Falls in Attempt to Steal Ride al
Terre Haute.

BIZ United Press
TERRE HAUTE. Ind, Oct 23.-
Injuries received when he attempted
to steal a ride on a freight train
caused the death Wednesday OF
James Mullen, 20. OF 201S Valley
Ave. Indianapolis The youth fell
between two box cars.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
WARMER WEATHER HERE
Rising Temperature Anticipated
After Another Night of Frost.

Warmer weather arrived today.
following another night Of heavy
frost and low temperature. Rising
temperature was forecast for Fri
day.
The thermometers loT. mark dur
ing the night, was 80, one degree
from freezing.
The mercury at Warsaw stood at
28 early today, the coolest Of the
season. Much corn was damaged by
the killing frost.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
CHILDREN NOISY, SHOOTS
One Lad Wounded; Restaurant
Owner Under Arrest.

By United Press
TERRE HAUTE. Ind, Oct. 23.-
Joe Sisk. a.. a restaurant owner of
West Terre Haute, was under ar
rest today pending the outcome of
wounds suffered by Floyd Keyes
when Sisk fired at a crowd of chill
dren playing in front of his res
taurant.
The boy will probably recover.
physicians said. Sisk was angered
at the noise made by the children
in their play.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
Do You Remember

When Carlton Eden had a
planning mill and lumber
yard at the southeast corner
of Delaware and Michigan
StS.?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
WALES BACK IN U. S. A.
Prince With Familiar Blue Shirt
Visits in Massachusetts,.

By United Press
LOWELL, Mass, Oct. 23.-Wear-
ing the familiar blue shirt, under a
brown checked suit. the Prince Of
Wales arrived today as guest OF
Bayard TUckerman Jr. A light blue
checked topcoat and a derby com
pleted II. r. H. s outfit.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
BY JOHN L. NIBLACK

DS CCAA-N Il. 4NA1LAEA0N
y the dim, echoing re-
/ cesses of the county poor
farm out on Tibbs Ave.
once an asylum for the insane,
1S1 old men. human driftwood
cast up on the shores of Life,
live On public charity. Most OF
them are there as a result of
their own folly, as illustrated in
the first of these articles.
Now and then. however, the
visitor happens on one who has
a different story to tell. Master
of fourteen languages. but not
master Of his own fate, was the
feeble man who told me this tale:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
Veteran PatrOlman Dies

LOGANSPORT, Ind, Oct. 23.-
Charles Webster. 81, a member of
the police fore 'ehere for twenty
seven years, died suddenly from an
attack OF heart trouble as he went
Of duty early today.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-10-23
SOLDIERS IF
.FENG ARMY
ENTER PEKIN
Chinese Capital Cut Off
from Outside World
Fear Chinese General Has
ReyOIted Against Central
Government.
By United Press

By United Press
SHANGHAI, Oct. 23.-TeIegram
and telephone communication with
Pekin was severed today, according
TO radio dispatch from Tientsin.
- Severing of communication fol-
lowed sudden return TO the ca pital
Of Christian General Feng Yu
Hsiang. whose army has been part
Of the Pekin forces opposing the
forces Of Marshal Chang TsO Lin.
Revolt in Doubt
The message did not make clear
whether Feng has revolted against
the Pekin gOver4snent and General
WI.
Feng has been occupying a sector
in the North in the operations
against Chang Tso Lin, ManChurian
dictator who is attempting to cap
ture Pekin.
Dispatches have indicated Feng. a
nominal ally Of WI Pei Fu, Presi-
dent Tsao Kun's military leader, has
been wavering and might drive on
the capital
If Feng has revolted, the position
Of the central Chinese government
would be most precarious. The
TsaO Kun-Wu regime is threatened
on several sides. and there is no in
dication help from the south, where
Wus allies recently expelled the
Chang follower, Lu Yung Hsiang,
from Shanghai, may be expected.
Leaders Jealous
Southern leaders apparently are
jealous of their own power and have
no intention of weakening their
strength by sending aid to Pekin.
The present situation would indi-
cate a general breaking up OF the
rival Chinese forces. with each lead
er fighting for supremacy.