davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
SLAYERS UNMOVED
BY DEATH DEMAND
Capital Crimes Cannot Be
Mitigated by Philosophy of
Youths, Is Argument.

Ey tho Assoc atcd Press.
CHICAGO. August 20.-Two of the
three nigh crimes for which Illinois
provides the death penalty-murder
rape and kIdnaping-were committed
by Nathan Leopold. jr.. and Richard
Loeb in a manner justifying nothing
less than death on the gallows
Thomas Marshall, assistant States
attorney, told Judge John r. Caverly
today.
He urged the extreme penalty in an
argument based upon the phraseology
Of the Illinois laws and the formal
charges connected with the kidnaping
and murder of Robert Franks. to
which the defendants have pleaded
guilty.
Judge Follows Law Text.
Judge Caverly opened a book Of
law and followed the text as Mr.
Marshall read the phrases defining
murder and kidnapping as capital
crimes in this State. The phrase
/ shall suffer the penalty of death"
was always brought out in voice
raised in tone and emphatic in its
deliberatenesS.
The defendants gave no visible
signs that the phrase death penalty"
had been heard by them. They SEEM
ed more interested in the notes being
made by Clarence s. Darrow and his
associate counsel for the defense.
The attorney ridiculed the defense
attempt to show mitigation of pun
ishment by the testimony of mental
experts.
mo philosophy is an excuse for
crime was Mr.. Marshalls text on
that point and he worked it out by
drawing parallels between IeopoldS
and Loeb's belief in their own pow
ers and the PHILOSOPHERS of anarchists
communists and Mormons who We're
convicted of violating the law despite
reliance upon their beliefs as JUS
tifcation for their acts.
Compares With Anarchists.
Mr.. Marshall continued this morn
ing with "a reference to defense testi-
mony that Leopold considered himself
q Superman.
so did the Chicago anarchists of
50 years ago consider themselves
| supermen," said Mr.. Marshall They
sought to destroy the law with dyna
mite. These men would destroy it by
other means. but on similar philo-
sophical grounds.
He read from the records of the
Haymarket riot trials and drew a
parallel.
The philosophy here is that the
la has no application" said Mr.. Mar
shall.
THE anarchists were executed by
the law that they damned, not for
their philosophy, but for their viola
ton of law he added.
Mr.. Marshall, in a similar vein, dis
cussed the more recent communist
cases in which the millionaire Lloyd
was the central figure.
No More Cases Cited.
Upon what theory can it be said
that the views of Leopold, since they do
not protect him from the consequences
of his act, can be urged in mitigation
of his crime?" asked Mr.. Marshall
The findings of the Supreme Court
of the United States in the polygamy
continued on Page =, Column -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
FOUR UNMASKED BANDITS
ROB JEWELER OF $15O,O0O
Hold Up Store Manager at Opening
Hour and Get Away in
Stolen Car.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
BOSTON, August 20.-Timing their
attack to within five minutes of busi-
ness hours, four unmaSked men held
up the manager of the jewelry store
or Carl H. Skinner. on Boylston street.
today and escaped with rings and
gems valued at $150,000.
The manager, Frederick w. Ives.
was carrying several boxes of jewelry
from the safe to the showcases at
five minutes of 8, when he heard a
command: Throw up your hands and
drop that stuff. We want it," He
looked up to find four revolvers
aimed at him but he grappled with
the nearest bandit. a blow from a
revolver butt and Ives was stretche ed
out unconscious, while the robbers
swiftly carried their booty to the
sidewalk.
A bystander. Mrs. Anna Conway,
tried to stop them but one of the four
knocked her down.
The bandits made away In q stolen
motor car
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
Total of 290 Electoral Votes.
More Than Majority, En-
braced in Territory.
SEVEN STATES IN 1922
NAMED PARTY SENATORS
Campaign Managers Ask What
Reason Has G. o. P. to Expect
People to Turn to Coolidge.
BY &. GOULD IINCOI>,

The Democrats are taking heart
from the political status today of
state governments and of Congress.
and from the record of the elections
in 1922.
An examination of the situation as
viewed from cold hard figures. may
well suggest to Republican lcade rs
that this is no time for nvcrconti-
denCc.
Senator Jones of New Mexico, chair
man of the Democratic senatorial
committee. today called attention to
the salient facts If this record He
pointed out:
Many Democratic Governors
l. OF the 4S States of the Union
- have Democratic governors. These
States have total of 300 votes in tn"
electoral college. well over the ma
Joroty of 266. which is necessary
for a presidential choice.
>. In addition TO the States which
have Democratic governors. seven
States IN 1922 elected Democratic Sen
ators in Statewide contests. in
stead of Republican. The seven States
have total of 56 votes i'll tn" tle"-
toral college.
3. The combined electoral votes Of
the States having Democratic gov
ernorS. and the seven that chooS. Dem
ocratic Senators two years ago, show
total of 346.
This is a tidy total. The Democrats :
are not claiming they will carry all
these States. But they are Saying-and
with considerable show of reaSon-"if
we carried them two years ago, why
haven't we AN excellent chance to carry
them in November"
The States with Democratic eX-
ecutives representing are: Alabama,
II; Arizona, 3; Arkansas, =: Colorado,
8: Florida, 8: Georgia. II; Kansas.
10; Kentucky. 13; Louisiana, 10:
Maryland, s: mississippi, 10: Ne
braSka. s: Nevada. ;; New Hampshire.
4; New Jersey. II; New Mexico. 3;
New York, 45; North Carolina. l.:
Ohio, "a: Oklahoma. 10; Oregon, 3;
Rhode Island. ,: South Carolina, q:
tContinued on Page .. Column -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
GERMANY LAUNCHES
NIGHT AERIAL MAIL
Operates From Berlin to Stock
holm on Schedule of Seven
Hours.
Bv Gable to The star and Chicago Dail
irht

BY Gable to The star and CifcaGo Daily
News. Copyright, 1924.
STOCKHOLM. August 20.-While
there already is talk in the United
States of abandoning the Air Mail
Service as too expensive. the sup
poSedly impecuniouS German govern
ment has just inaugurated night
air mail service from Berlin to Stock
holm.
The first planes arrived this week,
bringing Berlin evening papers and
the early morning editions to Ger
mans here in time to read them at
breakfast the same morning.
The same system of signal towers
is used along the route as is used
between Chicago and Cheyenne. The
trip takes hours, whereas the fast
est trains take IS.
The planes and their pilots are all
German, and the Germans even paid
for the facilities provided enroute.
The Swedish governments sole con-
tribution to the service was permis-
sion to use landing fields and hangers.
The planes used are open Junker
two-passenger machines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
Harrisburg Official browns.

HARRISBURG, Pa, August 90
City Commissioner e. q. Gross. former
mayor of Harrisburg, was drowned
yesterday at Solid Comfort Camp on
the French River. Ontario, Canada,
where he was spending vacation,
according to ii message received here
today by John Campbell. a son-in-
law. Details of the drowning were
not given. other than that he had
been missing all day and that his hat
md coat had been found in the river.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
Reception of Report by Party
Leaders and Provincial
Heads Gives Assurance.
NATIONALISTS' FEARS
OF ELECTIONS HELP
Marx Summons Communists and
Helps Plan Attitude Party Will
Assume in Coming Debates.
BN 4. Il. DECKER.

Pv Radio :" The star and Chicago Daily News.
BERLIN. August 20.-RatitcatiOn
of the London settlement by the
Feic hStag is practically assured. as
was shown Ivy the reception Of the
report made hy the London drIsga-
ti"n To party leaders and provincial
government presidents
The German Nationalists. who were
expected to make the strongest re-
SiStance, have Signitied their intcn-
ti"n of permitting ratification with
out obstruction. and showing their
diSpleaSure merely by rcfraining from
voting. The Nationals. do not want
the ReiChStag dissolved, as this would
bring new elections and proba bly,
losses for them.
The reichsrat or general council
will meet late today In prepare laws
for the Reichstag. which. owing to
preliminary work. will he convened
Friday instead Of Thursday.
chancellor Marx this afternoon in
Vltcd Communist party leaders to
meet him. and had a long conversa-
ton with them regarding the attitude
the Communists Will assume during
the Reichstag debates.
RarGain Suggested.
\. harcain;p~ saan,s IN he the
psuaI means of obtaining unliticaI
s,Ipport for new laws and ratitica-
ton of the London agr.em,nt. "A bar
cair ic hoipc .r,-o.vt.d co far u.;,b
out much bnna uary and tho cam
r,,,rist Ia,d.r. sa,.,ra,aa ,,.i,bn,t
reacbin~ d.c;sion tbc ,.banralnr
promising to consider the Commu-
I,.ts' r.ou.s1s which ar. for amnesty
>rr : ono ro,i+ic,, ,rico,.-. ia Cow
,a fr'.,aF,,, e. ~ r,,,is.
press
The Social Democrats accept the
settl"ment with the reservation that
the taxes TO be levied should hit the
rich hardest and that discharged sur
plus railroad workers should be
cared for.
The Communists will make Il bril-
liant gesture by proposing a series
of laws containing no less than %
articles providing for tire national
lIatlon OF ali wealth in Germany on
the plan of the Communist program
In Russia.
Tariff MIN. ,,-r,,;,
Al,
M othei par tieS' Win the eNcep-
o.,r5 ,;s.i - IL"
- ~ 'i'i' e'ti'ii' put tHtN anu
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
DISTRICT BOARD
CUTTING BUDGET
Commissioners Take First
Actual Steps to Meet
S5,000,00O Reduction.

First actual steps TO reduce the Dis
fiscal year to the limit of s31.551,5O5
set by the Bureau of the Budget were
taken today by the Board of Commits
sioners at a special session in the of
flee of Engineer Commissioner Bell.
approximately $5,0O0.00O will be
slashed from the estimates.
The task of cutting the budget is
expected to he completed within a
week. Considerable difficulty Confronts
the Commissioners in Topping off
S5.0Oo.000. as the original budget of
s36,5oo,OO0 contained items which were
regarded as absolutely essential to the
continued development of WASHINGTON.
Virtually all departments of the
municlpa government will suffer some
what from the dras reduction The
schools will be least affected, as the
commissioners are fully aware of the
urgent needs of the public educationa |
system and are desirous that they be
provided as soon as possible.
Cut Conduit Expense.
The largest reduction is expected
to be made in the appropriation of
S3.000,OO0 proposed for the extension
OF the new water conduit from Great
Falls. The street lighting, sewer and
water systems also will suffer The
item for the construction of "A con-
taslouS ward at the Gallinger Hos
pltal which Health Officer William C.
Fowler has recommended for several
years may be eliminated entirely
All of the items deleted from the
original budget during the pruning
process will be included in the sup
Elemental estimates which the Com
missloners plan to forward to the
budget bureau along with the badly
Slashed budget. Gen. Lords bureau
has given the Commissioners until
September 10 to submit the revised
budget. but it probably will be sent
several weeks before that time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
ZR-3 VIII Start
On Trip Across
Ocean in Month,

BY the Assoria ted Press.
FRIEDRICHSHAFE Germany.
August 20.-The ZR-3, giant dirigible
which is being built here for the
United States. probably will start
her long flight TO Lakchurst \. j.,
about the middle of September, it
was announced today at the first
public inspection Of the dirigible.
The motors are being installed.
Initiation Of the IA compartments
with hydrogen gas is progressing
favorably. The first trial flight will
be of several hours and will take
place early in September, in the
vicinity of F'riedrichshafen. There
will be several other trial flights of
from II to 80 hours each prior to
the departure on the transatlantic
journey.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
SPAIN CLAIMS GAIN
AGAINST MOROCCANS
Official Report Says Enemy Lost
SO Dead and $50 Wounded
at Afrau.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
MADRID, August 20.-The Spanish
operations against the rebels at Afrau,
in the eastern zone of Morocco. have
been successfully terminated. says an
official communique. The rebels are
known to have suffered the loss of
50 killed and $50 wounded. although
native reports and air observers put
the enemy casualties as high as $50
Among the Spanish wounded were
two lieutenantS.
In the western zone" the COM
munique adds, the enemy attacked
Chentafa, using incendiary grenades.
the explosions of which were heard
at Iona Verde. The Spanish gar
rison valiantly continued to defend
itself in its burning position"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
Farmer Is Dying
From, Bee Stings;
Horse Is Cruzed
Rr the Associated Press

BY The Associated Press
CHESTER. y. Y, August 90
Edward +. Green. a farmer. was in
serious condition today from bee
StingS. With his team of horses,
he was attacked by a co.ony of
bees when his moving machine
struck Il hive. Physicians who
treated him stated there was poison
enough in the mans body to cause
his death, but hope was held out
for recovery.
\ veterinary said one of the
horses had become deranged. and
probably would die. The angered
bee colony covered the bodies of
the man and animals with StinGS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
Slayers Go to Death Cell.

Special Dispatch to The Star
RICHMOND, Va, August 20.-Otto
Clear and Fritz Lewis, colored, who
robbed and murdered farmer three
weeks ago and set fire to his house,
have been removed to the death cell
in the penitentiary. from which they
will be taken early on the morning
Of September IL and put to death in
the electric chair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
ROSE LEADS WYOMING
DEMOCRATIC PRIMARY
Casper Judge Noses Out in Race
for Senatorial Nom
ination.
By the Associated Press.


CHEY ENNE. Wyo., August %
Judge Robert r. Rose of Casper, took
the lead in the contest for the Dem
ocratic nomination for Senator in yes
terday's State primary when returns
from Casper were received today.
Returns from "A precincts out of
approximately 900 in the State gave
Rose, Isis: Joseph c. O'Mahoney of
Cheyenne. 1879; Leroy r. Laird, 496.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
TURKESTAN TEMBLORS
MAKE 5000 HOMELESS
Forty-One Dead and 1000 Homes
Destroyed, Say Reports
From India.
By the Associa ted Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, August 20.-An earth
quake near Osh, IN the Privince of
Semiryechensk, Russian Turk kestan,
has caused the deaths of Al persons
in three villages, and rendered 5000
people homeless, says a dispatch to
the Evening News. from Allahabad,
India, quoting advices to the news
paper Pioneer.
More than 1000 houses were de-
stroyed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
MACDONALD NOTE sTIRs.
Irritation Manifest Among Den
uties Over Ruhr Evacuation.
By fhe Associated Press

Br inc Associated Press
fARlS, August 20.-The lobbies of tho
Chamber Of Deputies were seethinp
with irritation yesterday because of
Premier MacDonald's letter to Premier
Herrlot urging an earlier eyacuation
OF the Ruhr than agreed upon at the
London conference. The French nre-
mlers supporters qualified the Brit
1Sh prime minister's letter as a ..back :
handed trick" until they learned that
1T had been published with NJ. Her
riots consent.
The opposition, hich normally would
be eager to use the British document
against Premier Herriot apparently
decided it would not be wise at this
juncture. The chances are that the
minority action in the Forthcoming
debate in the chamber will be limited d
to the reading of declaration of
principles and criticisms which will
put members on record before the
country.
The only opposition is likely to
come from the Communist deputy,
VI. Cachin, who is planning an in
terpellation on recognition of the
Soviet government Reluctance of
Vacationing deputies. however. to give
notice on Interpolation, only one
new one being reported. bringing
the total to nine gives government
supporters ample ground for belief
that the forthcoming passage at arms
will be of short duration and will
eliminate in satisfactory though
not overwhelming majority, on d vote
of confidence.
Officials Not Alarmed.
Meanwhile the storm raised by the
Macdonald letter continues to rage.
Official circles, however. maintain
that Mr. Macdonald acted quite natu-
rally in the matter, using the only
procedure available to him to make
known officially, apart from the Lon
don conference. the traditional view
point of his government.
1T is further pointed out in these
circles that the letter. dated last Sat
urday, was written prior to Premier
MacDonald's speech at the close of
the conference in which be EXPIRE ssed
qualification at the happy solution of
the Ruhr evacuation question; ConSe-
(Conlinued en Page g Colunna1.l ,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
PRESIDENT SENDS
GREETING TO DAWES
Offers Most Hearty" Con-
gratulations on Vice Presi-
dental Nominees Speech.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated I'ress
PLYMOUTH, Vt, August oO-Presi-
dent Coolidge sent his hearty con-
gratulationS" to Charles G. Dawes on
the vice presidential nominees speech
of acceptance delivered last night.
With his family. Mr.. Coolidge lis
tened in last night by radio. in his
fathers home here. to the ceremonies
held in tIvanstown. Ill.
We have just heard your address
with great satisfaction, his message
to Mr. Dawes read 81 offer you most
hearty CONGRATULATIONS
Although Mr.. Dawes is to speak in
Maine, il was said at the Presidents
home here today that no plans had been
made yet for a visit of the vice prcsi-
Dental candidate with Mr.. Coolidge.
Mr.. Dawes conferred with Mr.. Coolidge
early in July when he and Mrs. Dawes
We're guests at the White House sew
eral days
President Pitches HOrSe~hOeS.
Meanwhile, remaining close to his
fathers home. Mr.. Coolidge is de-
voting his attention principally to
resting. Only few visitors have
Mr.. Coolidge of bright prospects in
the campaign, he has kept his
thoughts on politics to himself. Dur
ing Il walk before breakfast this
morning. Mr.. Coolidgo stopped for d
few minutes to pitch some horse
shoes. Later he received Il report on
the Home Town Coolidge Club from
{. Bascom Slemp, his secretary.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rudolph Kaufman
and Miss Helen Wright of Washing
ton visited with Mr.. and Mrs Cool
idee short while this morning.
President Coolidge planned visit
today 70 headquarters Of the Home
Town Coolidge Club. which is in the
farm near here of Richard Brown,
secretary.
Earl kinsley, Republican national
committeeman from Vermont. ar
rived here last night and visited the
club this morning. reporting later
that NOSE than 1900 names had been
enrolled on the club roster. princi-
pally from tourists passing through.
Thomas Edison, Henry Ford and
Harvey Firestone, who called for
short while on the President and
Mrs. Coolidge yesterday. We're among
the latest to enroll. Each wore the
club button on his lapel yesterday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
LUCY PAGE GASTON DIES.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, August o0.-Miss Lucy
Page CASTOR, founder of the national
Anti-Cigarette League, died today in
Hinsdale Hospital
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
DAWES, NOTIFIED,
STARTS FOR MAINE
TO OPEN CAMP PA|GN
Calls Independents "Reds,"
and Democrats "Strad-
dIers," in Speech.
GREAT THRONG LISTENS
TO CANDIDATES. VIEWS
Leaving Today for Augusta,
Where Talk Will Be Made
Saturday.
BY the \ .Sociated Press

EVANSTON, i'll. August oo.-Hav-
mg formally accepted the Republican
nomination for Vice President. Charles
.. Dawes entered actively into the
party's national campaign today with
his departure for Maine 10 deliver az
address Saturday at Augusta.
The Augusta address is the only one
listed for Mr.. Dawes on the trim un-
dertaken today, and he Will return to
MS home here early next week. and
then proceed 10 Lincoln, Nebr., for an
other speech on August -. His first
Stumpins tour Will begin soon after
ward
Formal notification Of his selection
as President Coolidge's running mate
was given Mr.. Dawes last night at
ceremonies held on the lawn of his;
nome here. with an audience declared
by Republican leaders to have been one
Of the largest that ever gathered at
any political meeting in the vicinity Of
Chicago
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
WEATHER.

Unsettled tonight and tomorrow;
probably local showers: warmer to-
morrow. Temperature for twenty four
hours ending at pm. today: Highest,
so, at 4 pm. yesterday; lowest Go. at
6 am. today.
Full report on page :.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20
From Press to Home
Within the Hour"

The Stars carrier system covers
every city block and the regular edi-
ton is delivered to Washington homes
as fast as the papers are printed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-08-20

CONTINUED ON Page s. Column IL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-03-07
HEROISM MEDALS
TO BE GIVEN MINERS
Five Recommended for Awards of
Joseph A. Holmes Safety
Association.

Hero medals and diplomas have
been recomme ended by the Joseph A.
Holmes Safety Association for five
miners whose acts in the: relief OF
their comrades stood out most prom
fnently in last years mine disasters
One of the awards. which are bestow-
ed annually by the association will
be made posthumously.
The miners and the de eds for which
they are cited follow:
Mike Pavlisin and Clifford PhilItns
of Frontier. Wyo., who, by prompt
and courageous action" were respon-
Eible for saving the lives of twenty
one fellow miners after an explosion
in the Frontier No. 1 mine of the
ken2merer Coal Company, Kemmerer,
Wyo.. on August II. 1928, which re-
suited in the death of ninety-nine
men.
Eben W. Jones. Peckville, Pa. who
saved six lives on the occasion of
Coal Company Ltd), property al
Peckville, Pa. on December S, and
secri>'d his own life in attempting
to rescue four others.
Isaac Cotton, Jasonville. Ind, who
rushed into a cloud of smoke caused
by a powder explosion in the mine OF
the Merchants Heat and Light Com
pany, Jasonville. on April IS, and
carried two men-their clothes afiame
to the surface. The two. who were
brothers., oleu from tnelr injuries.
Louis Pahule, Leadville, Colo, for
rescuing two men from the Yakmine
of Leadville. who had been expert
menting with explosives and were
overcome by gas In a drift. Pahule
faced with the chance of placed
charges exploding. carried the men to
safety.
The medals and diplomas will be
presented at the seventh interna-
tional first aid and mine-rescue con-
test ct Huntington, w. Va, Septem-
Der IL.