davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-06-22

1t has been generally agreed by
| those favoring an amendment to the
Constitution that it should be so
worded as to give to Congress the
power to regulate and prohibit the
labor of children and young persons.
and at the same time reserve to the
individual states the right to legislate
with reference to such labor. This
conclusion has been reached because
it is believed % that legislation en-
acted by Congress, in the event that
the amendment is adopted, doubtless
will establish what would be in ef-
feet national minimum standard
of protection, and that many states
may desire to enact higher stand
ards; (2)' that it is desirable that
the enforcement of state laws, even
in states whose child labor standards
may be lower than the standards
which Congress may from time to
time enact, should continue to func
tion. and that only when the state
law would through some requirement.
which. of course, would usually be
an affirmative one, conflict with the
federal law. should the state law be
suspended, and then only so far as
that particular requirement is con-
cerned.
VIII Be Broadly Inclusive.
Finally. it has been agreed that
since the amendment is a grant of
power to Congress it should be gen
orally and broadly inclusive in its
terms. What occupations a statute
would include, what age and hour
regulations would be adopted, would
be for Congress to determine from
time to time, in the light of what it
finds is for the welfare of the chill
dren
So the proposed amendment to the
that now goes to the
states for ratification provides that:
The Congress shall have power to
limit, regulate. and prohibit the la
Dor of persons under eighteen years
of age.
The power of the several states is
by this article except that
the operation of state laws shall be
to the extent necessary to
give effect to legislation enacted by
the Congress.
Evening star., 1924-06-22

tive measures, in so far as Germany's
army is concerned, would go far in
further dissipating the political
clouds that have hung over the con-
tinent increasingly since the war
ended
Gen. Nollet. the minister of war
in the new Franch cabinet, has stated
that Germany's army will soon be of
sufficient size to wage an offensive
war, and this violates the treaty of
Versailles. AS long as this view ex-
lists in France the question of Sc
curity against Germanic aggression
always Will be in the forefront of
French external negotiation and in
ternal policy. The phantom must be
removed Germany can do it and
prove her good will at the present
promising period in international ne
gotiation. If Germany does not there
is every indication that the allies
will insist on their original purpose
which will but further muddy murkv
waters.
Pledge of Fair Dealing.
Germany halls Gen. Nollet's selec-
ton as war minister, after five years
as head of the interallied commission
on disarmament in Germany, as
demonstra ton of French determina-
tion to be ruthless in all dealing with
Germany. This cry comes from ma
tionalistic sources, and is for the
particular purpose of promoting po-
litical ends, but Premier Herriot, in
outlining his views and purposes
during the week just closed, en-
phatically declared;
Our cabinet is animated by kind
~ spirit toward Germany and we are
ability the young German democracy.
but we will display merciless severity
to the German Nationalists We have
to uphold Frances rights as well as
the right OF the democracy of the
world"
This is both a pledge OF friendly,
moderate courses and a threat to the
only interests in Germany which give
any indication of pursuing courses
likely to upset the whole present
scheme of settlement, the gates TO"
which were opened through the
Dawes report.
OF course. a complete overthrow Of
the present German government and
the return to the system desired by
the Nationalists would menace the
prospect of early and permanent
agreements between contentious ma
tions, but tendencies point to last
ing solutions OF present problems.
Statesmen of Europe today are ap-
preaching their problems with
greater serenity, sans pro-war psyche
logical status, and this is the best in
dication that something is to be ac-
complished.
And whether it be little or much
largely depends upon the outcome OF
the conferences between Premiers
Macdonald and Herriot in London.
plus German good will.
Evening star., 1924-06-22

flyers can be warned of conditions
which affect their safety.
Almost every one understands in
a general way the theory on which
weather forecaSting is based. Weather
moves, broadly speaking, from the
west to the east. the movement be-
ing connected with the rotation OF
the earth on its axis. If that were
all il would be an easy matter for
the observers to report the areas of
high and low pressure. the PATCH es
of cold. wet or hot weather, which
would in time be rotated and de-
canted. But storms are detected by
causes which are not always thor
ouRhly understood. Sometimes they
hang around the same neighborhood
until their welcome is worn out, in
stead of being rotated on to where
they are needed.
We should have a more complete
service of reports from the sea,
said DR.. Marvin.
The weather bureau now receives
reports from many ships at sea, and
the United States Shipping Board is
considering full cooperation from it's
ships. When the news comes in from
salt water as it does from the land
Evening star., 1924-06-22
Large Lake Is Being Drained
To Make Way for Farm Crops

Spectacular aspects of the work
of the reclamation service of the
Interior Department include many
tremendous and gigantic projects,
such as harnessing the waters of
mighty rivers by damming their flow.
leveling mountain sides to bring
water to a place where it may be put
to use and blasting down hills to
make way for the water to flow to
the thirsty land.
The latest and one of the least
known achievements of the service,
ROW moving toward completion, is
the complete draining of an immense
lake in northern California-Tule
I4ake-the bed of which ultimately
will be opened up for farm devel-
4pnent- Tule Lake valley in north
a-n California is a part of the Kla-
n1ath reclamation project in Oregon
and California When the project
vas constructed Lost River, which
furnished the water for Tule Lake,
was diverted by a canal and became
an affiuent of the klamath River.
The result was that the lake was
deprived of it's inflow of water and
has gradually TeCeueu.
THE bed of TuIe Lake, situated in
Oregon, was surveyed in 1917 and
since that year surveys have been
made of considerable areas of land
once a part of the lake in Califor-
MIA, but have never been completed
because a part of the bed was still
covered with water. Special instruo
tions were issued recently for gov.
ernment surveyors to continue the
work of surveying the lake bed until
finished.
The water has not entirely disap-
peared, but what remains is generally
shallow, and the instructions provide
for the extension of the lines of sur
vey over and through the water un-
less the depth is found to be such
as to prevent such procedure. Long
wooden post corners Will be set in
place of the regulation iron monu-
monts where the water is too deep
to permit the use of the latter in
the ordinary way.
Rhett Lake is the official designa-
ton of the body of water. Tule Lake
is the popular name. 1t also has
another name appearing in the older
references to the lake, "Modoc Lake" !"
and FROM historical standpoint ac-
Evening star., 1924-06-22

Continued from First Page)
Legislatures in forty-four states
nave met since the national child
labor tax law was declared unconsti-
tutional. Thirty-two of these states
have child labor laws which do not
the federal law. In only eight of these
Delaware. Maine, Michigan. Mis-
souri,, North Dakota, Rhode Island,
South Dakota and Wyoming-waS
there any Improvement in the age and
hour standards of the state child la
Dor law. In none of these have the
state standards yet been brought up
to those of the federal law in every
particular.
Failure Of state legislation to check
child labor makes it evident that this
is national problem-national in
scope, national in it's effects and ma
tional in its Importance.
Only a few American states pro-
girls under eighteen years. while
China prohibits it for boys under sew
enteen and girls under eighteen. and
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France,
Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands,
Norway, Peru, Russia, Kingdom of
the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Swed
en- and Switzerland prohibit it under
the age of eighteen years. and Portu
gal prohibits night work for all
workers. Additional protection is af-
forded girls in many foreign Coun-
tries. but in only about a fourth of
our states. through laws providing
for night rest for women.
Legislative Tendency.
The developing tendency in our
child labor legislation has been to
establish an age, an education and a
physical standard which child
must attain before he can be employ
ed in specified occupations; to regu-
late the hours during which he may
work during the first few years of
employment and prohibit him from
certain especially hazardous occupa-
tions. The enforcement is through
a work-permit system usually admin
istered by the public schools and
through inspection of the place of en-
ployment-
Evening star., 1924-06-22
Real Workers in the National Capital

then weather forecasting will more
| nearly approach the status Of an ex-
act science.
Hopes for Aid From France.
The French realize the Importance
of this, and DR.. Marvin is watching
with keen interest the operations of
Jacques Cartier, privately owned
merchant vessel 1t carries fifty or
more budding sea officers to be
trained and competent staff Of in
structors for the study of weather
conditions.
viii it ever be possible to predict
the sort of weather we will have for
an entire season." / asked. Per
haps for year ahead?"
No scientist can demonstrate,
said he. that long-range forecasting
Is inherently possible. That which is
not impossible must be possible"
But that is very far from saying
that long-range forecasting with ac-
curacy is a certainty of the future.
scientists are chary Of overoptimism.
| and Dr. Marvin is one of the most
chary of scientists.
Painstaking and Progressive.
He is a man of medium height.
| solid and compact figure and careful
| and well considered speech. Perhaps
natural tendency away from over
enthusiasm was increased by his
early occupation. When he graduated
from Ohio State University, some
thing more than forty years ago, he
| took an examination which resulted
in his employment in the instrument
| division of the weather bureau. The
l'making and use of scientific instru-
ments demands the most painstakine
| accuracy. The man who Is content
with just pretty good results does
| not stay.
| DR.. Marvin stayed. The list Of
| things that he has done is too long
for publication, and few of them
would interest the non-ttchnical
reader. But he has invented or i'm
| proved all sorts of wind gauges and
| rain and snow gauges. He has de-
vised the means of measuring such
unlike articles as sunshine and earth
| quakes. He is one of the leading in
vestigators OF conditions in the upper
air. When President Wilson had Il
name a chief of the weather bureau
he asked the National Academy %
Sciences to suggest three men. DR.
Marvin was the man selected.
Content After Forty Years.
What do you do when you are not
| at work." I asked.
Well" said he, II read scientific
books"
l was not able TO discover that he
| fishes or hunts or plays golf. Once
upon a time he played tennis. but
gave that up. For forty years he has
| devoted all his time and thought t
science, until now he is in point OF
| service almost-but not quite-tht
dean of the corps OF government bu.
reau chiefs. 1t is a notorious fac
that the government underpays the
| men in the more responsible posi-.
| tions, but that seems not to have a.
all worried the chief Of the weather
| service.
When I look back" he said, II an
content"
Evening star., 1924-06-22

upon his wasted brow the breath Of
the eternal morning."
These two utterances. touched with
| thrilling eloquence, betray two con-
ceptions of the ultimate of life. The
first is cold and repellant: the second,
''soothed and sustained by an unfal-
tering trust" reposeS its hope in the
assurance given to men by Christ.
The one is bounded by two cold peaks,
1t is voiceless and unrelying; the
second is vocal with the hope of one
who believes that life is boundleSS
| and that there comes after the long
| night the eternal morning. 1t is this
| latter conception that answers to the
deeper things of our nature; 1T lends
| a new zest today and fills us with ar
! dent expectations that there Will be
| A brighter, fairer daWning tomorrow.
| 1t is this the apostle has in mind
when he speaks of being made aft
er the power of an endless life" The
power of an endless life" what vast
possibilities it suggests. There is pow =
| er in the fresh. vigorous life OF ruddy
| youth and robust manhood. 1t Speak =
| of the wild joy of living" but il is
a power that knows limitations, II
suffers fatigue, it experiences disap-
| pointment. il yields ultimately to
| weakness. 1t laborS for today and
! hopes for renewal tomorrow. At last
| it comes to feel the failing strength
| of heightened years. and ultimately ii
abdicates. 80 much to do. so little
! DONE" ii cries as the shadows gather
and the night falls. Said the old
! prophet: Even the youths shall faint
| and grow weary and the young men
shall utterly fail, but they that wait
| upon the Lord shall renew their
strength. they shall run and not be
weary, they shall walk and not
| faint"
New Aspect for Defeat.
| The consciousness of being possess
! ed of the power of an endless life
makes even day of seeming failure
! and defeat take on new aspect 1t
| gives a zest to life. however uncertain
| its successes, however bitter its dis
| less being affects every thought and
| every action. 1t bears Immediately
upon lifes problems. 1t is conspicu-
ously true that what man believes
| of life's ultimate issue affects his
| whole course of action. 1t affects the
thing he does now and here. for il
| compcls him to believe that in some
| way what he is and does is related
| to what he will be hereafter. In this
conception, his power grows rathern
| than diminisheS. Physical strength
! may fail, but despite this there is a
| feeling of eternal youth in the heart.
| The realization of the power of an
| endless life" affects us all along the
way. 1t colors all our outlooks, gives
| d new value to all our accomplish
| ments, interpretS the darkest nyS-
| teries and solves the hardest prob
| lens. 1t is life's supreme dynamic
and its highest and holiest inspira-
! ton
Copyright. 1924, by Current News Features,
1
Evening star., 1924-06-22
Peoples Over World Swing
Away From Conservatism

press the point, the study of the re-
cent campaigns and election returns
in Britain and France must have an
unusual meaning for American poll
ticians, who seldom have reason to
study foreign politics. What has
happened in Britain and France could
happen here, the thing is at least
plausible. 1t happened abroad be
cause of a profound but hardly dis
coverable popular discomfort with
parties in power. which were openly
conservative. It led to changes
which were unforeseen and measure
ably precedented-and we have
not yet seen the end in either coun-
try. In Britain it put power into the
hands of what had been until 1922 q
third party of little real strength
while in France it gave the Socialists
an almost complete control of a mod
crate radical party, which could not
get or keep office save with Socialist
votes. What it might do in the United
States is at least worthy of consider
alton.
Copyright 1924 BY the Mcclure Newspaper
Syndicate.)
Evening star., 1924-06-22
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.

- ERMANY's first test of good
faith and desire to partici-
pate in general effort to re-
store Europe to a semblance
of normalcy is at hand.
In acceptance of allied control of her
military forces-allied attempt to keep
the German forces within limitations
prescribed by the treaty of versailles
the German government will be able
to give definite assurance to the allies
that Germany will march forward with
other nations toward peace and eco
nomic progress. This assurance must
come before the end of the month, a
limit prescribed by Poincare through
the reparations commission. ThlS Is
sue would not be a perplexing one TO
the Germans as a whole were 1t not
for the strong nationalistic tides that
constantly threaten the security of the
present MarxStresemann government
The Nationalists, dominating the
military forces as they do and will do
for some years to come, unless their
influence is completely discredited
through decisions of the German peo-
Pile themselves, may be expected to aid
their cause through opposition to
capitulation to allied demands and may
be expected to capitalize the govern
ment's concessions to their own par
ticular advantage. But the govern
ment gives every indication that 1t
will comply with the allied demand
This in itself, however, may not be
indication of complete change of heart,
as the government undoubtedly fore
sees united allied front with subse-
duent extension of sanctions in case
Germany seeks to dodge. If Germany
lodges the issue, or pursues any meth
Cd other than complete compliance,
then German stupidity will be even
more marked than attributed in times
past. And the reason lies in the very
evident desire of the Premiers Mac
Donald of England and Herriot of
France to reach amcable solutions of
existing problems all along the line,
so that Germany may once more be-
come a going concern, working in CO.
operation with other nations, and all
joining together to protect and foster
future peace on the continent.
Premiers IN Conference.
Premers Macdonald and Herriot
are comforting in England. The ques-
| tion of German reparations, the Ruhr,
/ interallied debts and the security of
| France are the dominating issues in
| volved. Dispatches indicate that
| there has been forwarded to them
a communication from Berlin. This
may or may not carry further Ger
| manic assurances of good will and
good faith, thereby materially aid
ing the premiers in reaching their
| solution of existing issues, a feat only
possible through the closest co-opera-
! tive endeavor.
Most certainly German compliance
with the allied demand for restric-
Evening star., 1924-06-22
Germans May Wear
American Shoes

Americans are going to teach the
Germans how to walk in the way
they should go-not politically, or
pacifically. perhaps-but by the use
of shoes Made in q. S. A"
Though Germany is a potential ex-
porter of shoes, and though the in
dustry there has expanded since 1913,
despite unfayorable conditions, en-
phasis is placed in trade commits
sioner reports from Berlin on the
removal of the import prohibition,
with the suggestion that American
exporters give the German mark ct
more serious consideration with a
view to substantial trade develop
ments.
One of the biggest and most i'm
portant combinations of American
shoe manufacturers has already es-
tablished a sales force in Germany,
with headquarters in Hamburg.
American prices are favorable as
a wedge for entering this market
American quality is unquestionably
German shoes in either the domestic
or foreign markets American shoes
are more substantial and solidly built
than German footwear.
The respect that German manufac-
turers, as well as dealers. have for
American shoes is evident in the fact
that American shoes are used as
models in the German industry. OF
course, Germany's uncertain economic
situation must be studied carefully
by prospective American exporters
The German boot and shoe industry
is at present burdened by a number
of adverse factors, which make the
outlook for the immediate future un-
encouraging. High costs Of hides
and skins for which Germany is de-
pendent on imports to the extent
of about so per cent of it's total con-
sumption, as we'll as abnormal pro-
duction costs, have forced prices of
boots and shoes from 10 per cent to
Is per cent higher than the world
market.
Evening star., 1924-06-22
u. S. Has Greatest
Education Library

Uncle Sam conducts the largest and
most complete library of strictly ed
ucational literature on the American
hemisphere.
This library is administered and
maintained by the United States bu-
reau of education as a central refer
ence and leading collection for the
teachers and educators of the United
States. Its photographers supply in
formation to investigators of techni-
cal educational subjects. On request
the library will give information and
advice regarding methods of organ
ization, administration, cataloguing,
classifying, etc, for educational Ii
braries and educational book collec~
tons.
Evening star., 1924-06-22

cor1ing to the Interior Department
1t is unfortunate that the latter name
is not perpetuated. for this region.
in early pioneer days: was the home
of a fierce and unruly tribe of In
dianS. On the eastern side of the
lake is a place still known as Bloody
Point" where a wagon train of emil
grants was maSsacred. The maraud-
ing band was later chased back to
their strongholds in the lava beds
by party of pioneers. On the south
side of the lake are the historic lava
beds where Capt Jack and his little
band of Indians in the last Modoc
war made so stubborn resistance
to the besieging force of soldiers,
and was finally driven out and cap
tured only with the aid of Indians
from the Warm Springs tribe i'm
ported for the purpose.
Many thousands of acres of fertile
land will be available for use when
the lake drainage is finally COM
pleted.
Evening star., 1924-06-22
BY HERBERT COREY.

Al the risk of offending DIR. Charles
freoerick Marvin, ii shall be revealed
tnat the Taft blizzard was an official
one after all. 1t was properly fore
east. But in those days there was
sun an optimist in the United States
weather bureau, and he overruled the
| opinion OF the ordained forecasters
ana wrote weather prediction which
ior cheer and brightness and sunny
certainty that the weather simply
couldn't play dirty trick on such an
suspicious occasion has never been
surpa ssed
AND the next day it showed. Never
was such wet. gummy, thick snow
The Washington drug stores had run
out OF ch1lblain cures by 10 o'clock
the morning of inauguration day.
Hard Blow for Burenu-But
If the rubber boots which were de-
manded but not supplied had been
heaped up they would have buried
the Washington Monument. The
cracking sound observed as the in
auguration day parade sIushed along
pennsylvania avenue on its mission
to convoy Mr.. Taft to the White
House might have been mistaken for
static, but it wasn't. 1t was the rumi-
! nation Of the marchers about the
weather bureau
TT was too bad" observed DR. Mar
vim, gloomily. "It gave the weather
| bureau a black eye"
| Which it emphatically did. But out
OF evil good may come Today a
weather bureaucrat who would sug-
gest that forecast be written on the
basis of hope rather than probabili-
ties would have large, active dog
set on him. The forecasters are per-
mitted to write their own prophecies
without interference from above and
that they are always right
Right Eight Times Out of Ten.
Not very long ago. said DR.. Mar
win, sadly. "a big storm struck us
which was totally unexpected"
| For all that, the United States
weather bureau is right eight times
out of ten, which is a pretty good
record. The study of meteorology is
progressing continually also, and is
moving forward toward the hoped
for 100 per cent accuracy. Not that
DIR. Marvin suggests that complete
certainty will ever be attained. Ger
tainly it will not until the weather
bureau is given sufficient funds with
which to operate 1t is one of the
governments starved children now, as
disclosed by the annual report to the
President of the chief of the bureau.
| practically every one of its field
stations is operating under the mini
mum number of personnel, often in
crowded offices and with no f1exibility
to meet temporary losses from sick
ness, absence on leave and unfulfilled
vacancies. What happens is over
time hours of work and loss of vaca-
tions, with corresponding fatigue,
| disbursement, dissatisfaction and
Iineficiency. Repairs and repainting g
have been necessarily postponed from
year to year. On account OF lack of
funds the inspection of cooperative
stations has been badly handicapped"