davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19
ASSASSINATION
OF MATTEOTTI
AROUSES LABOR
Thousands in March to
Defy Fascist


ROME, Aug. 16.-Within an
hour after the mutiIated body
of Giacomo >Matteotti, the
socialist deputy who was the
victim of the Fascist terrorists
he dared to denounce, had been
found buried at Scrofano,
twenty thousand workers, with
a group of Communists at their
head, were marching thru the
streets of Rome, singing the
''International' and THE Red
Flag"
Everywhere in the ranks of
the marching, singing workers
were members of the Young
Communist League of Italy,
carrying the emblem of the
Communist International.
"Down With MussoIini!"
From the dense crowds that
thronged the pavements, shouting ap-
plause Of the marchers, rose cries of
Down with Mussolini!" Down with
the murderers of the workmen!"
To the little town of Scrofano, four
teen miles from Rome, where the body
of the martyred deputy had been
found with long stiletto plunged
thru the breast, workers and peasants
brought tribute of flowers.
But more significant than the praise
of the dead is the hatred of the living
Fascist murderers, now rising to a
fierce flame among the Italian work
ers.
Workers Ready for Action.
For three years the Italian prole.
tariat have been restlessly discon-
tented with the petty army officials
intrenched in the seats of the govern.
ment. With the murder of member
of parliament for his threat to expose
the infamous crimes of the Fascist
leaders, this discomfort crystalized
into loathing. The discovery of the
brutal methods used by the official
murderers of state. and the final fas.
tening of responsibility for the crime
on the leaders of the government
brings the Italian workers to the
point where they are ready for action
Prepare to strike!" is the watch
word which the Communists are pass
ing among the laborers.
Fascist for Terror Reign.
With the end of the dictatorship a
matter of only a few months at most
Mussolini is putting forth every effort
to bolster up the government. Fascist
organs such as the Impero of Rome
are crying for a return of the death
penalty for active political opponents
and the installation of firing squads
in public squares and in the busiest
streets to quell outbreaks of disorder
Mussolini. at a grand council of the
party a few days ago, definitely allied
himself with the right wing of the Fas
cisti, who have been quarreling among
themselves over the degree of reac
ton in which the party could indulge
and yet maintain its supremacy
Right wing leaders have long insisted
that another st. Bartholomew eve is
necessary before order can be restored
in Italy.
Catholics Join Blackshirts.
The united approval of the pope and
the Fascist leaders attends the forma
ton OF the new political association
called the italian National Center,
formed at Bologna few days ago
The organization attempts to unite al
Catholics favorable to the Fascist
With this party it is hoped to deal 1
death blow to the Popular Party, al
anti-Fascist organization led by thu
Continued on page ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19
Miners URGING
JOBLESS Fight
ON ILL. LABOR
Contrast Rich Mansions
with Workers HoUeIs
BY KARL REEVE
(Staff Writer, Daily Worker)

SPRINGFIELD, ILL.,, Aug. 1e.
The unemployment in the
Illinois mine fields will be the
paramount issue on the floor of
the Peoria convention of the
Illinois State Federation of
Labor on September 8.
Tom Parry, Of Divernon,
elected as a delegate from Local
Union No. 146, of the United
Mine Workers, told the DAILY
WORKER today.
Dozens of local unions will present
resolutions demanding that class col
laboration cease and that labor union
officials Immediately take steps to
shorten the work day and demand
that the mine operators take over the
burden of caring for their unemployed
workers." Parry said.
Must Start Unemployed Drive.
Freeman Thompson, president of
Sub-District Four, also a delegate to
the Peoria convention, said:
"The unemployment, both among
the miners and industrial workers of
the cities, has become so acute that
the state convention of the Federation
of Labor must take drastic action to
solve this problem.
1.-THE unemployed must organize in
to unemployment councils, and must
be kept in the trade unions if organ
lied labor is to meet the crisis.
"The organization of the morgan
lied workers will help solve upem-
ployment, and an organization drive
must be started by the Illinois con-
vention."
Farmers In Same Boat.
The entire Springfield mining dis
trict is stricken with severe and long
continued shut-downs, one hundred
mile auto trip thru Thayer, Divernon,
Virden, Girard, Auburn and Chatham
revealed.
These towns are owned by the coal
companies and the miners, unable to
pay rents, are tied to their employers
thru heavy debts.
A few mines have been dismantled
and sealed up, and the others have
worked only a score of days in the
last year. The farmers, burdened by
poor market prices and high freight
rates, are almost as badly off as the
miners. The miners, seeking in vain
for work in the cities, are returning
to their homes in despair. They well
come the Workers Party program as
the only solution to the unemploy-
ment crisis. The Harrington machine
has sold out to class collaboration and
the Ku Klux Khan is attempting to
divide and disrupt their organization.
Only one-lndustry Towns.
The towns around Springfield are
purely one-industry towns, mining be-
ing the sole occupation outside of
farming. Thayer has a population of
1,242. Every man in town is en-
Continued on page 81
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19
Miners! Send i'm
Your Stories!

THE DAILY WORKER publishes today the second of
series of articles the jobless problem in Illinois,
especially among the coal miners. Karl Reeve, labor
reporter the ground getting the first hand facts
This material will appear daily in these columns.
But the DAILY WORKER wants to get letters direct
from the coal miners themselves; and from workers in
other industries What the jobless conditions con-
fronting you? How do you get along? What are the
immediate problems that you face?
Write your stories to the Unemployment Editor, the
DAILY WORKER lib w. Washington Blvd. Chicago, ILL.,
SEND IN YOUR LETTERS
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19
Damage Laid to NatIonaIIsts.

CAIRO, Egypt, Aug. 1S.-Damage to
the Sudan railway line, which was at
first attributed to washouts, was said
today to have been caused by anti
British agitators. What truth, IL any,
there is in this report, has not yet
been ascertained.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19

THE DAILY WORKER
RAISES THE STANDARD
FOR A WORKERS AND
FARMERS GOVERNMENT
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19

Communist Candidates
For President:
WILLIAM z. FOSTER.
For Vice-President:
BENJAMIN GITLOW.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19
EAST MEETS WEST AND THE NORTH
MEETS SOUTH AT INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE OF COMMUNIST WOMEN
BY SADl AMTER.
(SpeclaI 70 The Daily Workerl

MOSCOW, July 12-(By Mail 1.-The International Confer
of Communist Women met in Moscow with las delegates
the world and hundreds of visitors from Moscow
all Russia Just in the Comnte Congress- here
north south all colos
represented.
presidium elected including Comrade Clara Zetkin
Chinese delegate Turkish delegate Russian delegates
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19

rea; from France and Belgium; from
Poland and Norway, North and South
America, England and Turkey, Rou-
mania, Armenia and Turkestan. Here
were women of all races and all. col
ors, come to discuss the problems OF
the proletarian women in all countries
and to listen to reports to women OF
Continued on page 81
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-08-19

and one each from several other
countries, in addition to the
honorary presidium consisting
of Comrades Zinoviev, Krup-
skayia, Trosky, Tomsky, Blu
charm and Pepper.
Women From All Parts Of Globe.
Here were delegates from all quar-
ters OF the globe: from China and Ko-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19
When One Works Well
By N. ADDIN0roN BRUCE

Strangely shortsighted are those numerou workers who deliberately set themselves, no to do their work as we'll as possible, but tt do it just well enough to stay unemployed.
 No surer course could they take to prevent their promotion, and to enroll themselves among the first workers to be dropped when a period of business depression comes. Hence, while their self-determined semi efficiency is undoubtedly a fraud on those from whom they draw their pay, the ones they really defraud the most are themselves And they lose much more than the money rewards that would be theirs if they did their work really well.
 They lose the recompense of that self-sat- isfaction which 1t is works unique function to provide. The glow of achievement is never theirs. Still worse, day in and out they are harried by dull discontent, boredom which nothing can dispel.
 Many are the means whereby these incom- plete workers seek to dispel that boredom By incessant pleasure-hunting, by resort it may be to drinks to drugs, or to gambling they quest contentment. Always and only, what they find is a greater discontent.
 Physically, too, they suffer. As discontent mounts, their organic processes weaken, in accordance with the law that unpleasant emotional states affect unfavorably the whole bodily system. It is indeed notorious that workevaders are prone to all sorts of ills.
 If they but knew it they have available an unfAiling remedy, the remedy of turning from work-evasion to work-enthusiasms of applying themselves to do their work to the best of their ability. The better they work the better they will feel
 Long, long since, sages of all lands have phrased this truth. Proverb makers have stressed it. In varying accents poets have given utterance to it. As thus: 'With hand on the spade and heart in the
 sky
 Dress the ground and till it; Turn in the little seed, brown and dry,
 Turn out the golden millet Work and your house shall be duly fed;
 Work and rest shall be won; hold that man had better be dead
 Than alive when his work is done.' And thus: Work thou for pleasure-paint or sing or
 carve
 The thing thou lowest, though the body
 starve-
 Who works for glory misses oft the goal Who works for money coins his very soul Work for the works sake, then, and it may be That these things Shall be added unto thee Thus, too:
 And only the Master shall praise us, and
 only the Master shall blsme; And no one shall work for money, and no one
 shall work for fame; But each for the joy of the working, and each
 in his separate star,
 Shall draw the things as he sees it, for the
 God of things as they are.''
 When will workers in general learn the lesson of these passages?
 When will all recognize the true place of work in life, the necessity of working ear nestly and honestly as a prerequisite to hap piness?
 Until then the world cannot be other for multitudes than place of stress and restless ness and of poignant breeding.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19
TIE NAMES THEY BEAR

There is some merit in the suggestion that we ought to have Society for the Protection of Infants from Awful Names. Not long ago q teacher who likes to call her pupils by their first names was nonplussed when q strapping big boy announced that his name was Goldie. The teacher. after moments hesitation, asked him his middle name, thinking she might be diplomatic and use that before the class. My middle name is Joy" he said, abashed. father, lover of flowers, started naming girls after his favorite blossoms. It was all right in the Rose. Lily and Violet stage; but he was blessed with many daugh- terS and at last was reduced to Petunia and Lobelia.
 Then there is the habit of naming children after famous men, That is handicap to the child, for in after life he is expected to live up to the name he bears. This practice is especially bad when the names of two famous men are combined As though any child could be a Lincoln and Napoleon all in one.
 It is both pleasure and duty for the parents to consider carefully the names they are going to give their children. They will find that names with good old-fashioned sound and which do not attract too much attention to themselves are best.--Mil- waukee Journal.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19
The Right Word
On The Relative Pronoun
By CURTIS NTCHOLsON

Nr lnQ Lne error Tn CnlS artCIe)
 The balance of letter received from R. C.. Earle of Durham, Oklahoma, the first part of which was published yesterday, makes a few inquiries concerning the use of who, which, that and whom. The letter it, conclusion reads as follows:
 "1 should also like an explanation as to the correct form of the relative in the fol- lowing
 That odious measure that (which has been so opposed is coming up for action to. day"
 The right word is that introducing the clause. that has been so opposed" which identifies odious measure. It is under such conditions that one uses that instead of which. However. euphony plays a part in the selection, and this results often in the selection of which when two that's would otherwise appear.
 That the man whom (that) our oppo. nents are supporting is an able and worthy candidate we are not disposed to deny."
 It Is easy to see that in the light of the foregoing explanation whom is the right word Everywhere we observe the struggle for the survival of tbe fittest and the clash of thought with reference to whom is the best, Former Vice President Marshall, Would not who be the correct form of the relative in this case?"
 The right word is who, because it is the subject of the verb is
 Yesterdays Error
 Wrong I would like to be he
 Right: l should like to be he.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19
A REPUBLICAN INCIvILITY

The appointment, and the confirmation by the senate, of Walter l.. Cohen, negro, to be collector of the port of New Orleans, was political and partly for the purpose of con- ciliating the negro vote in the North. The appointee received the recognition not be- cause of special fitness or ability, as even an inadequate offset to the violation of Southern public sentiment. It was a deliberate slap at the Southern sense of fitness and decency for the sake of Republican votes. It is very likely, however, that the appointment has actually cost the Republicans two votes for every one they expected by this means. Sentiment in Louisiana was showing certain tariff leanings, that, by shrewd fostering, might have been developed into Republican support. The appointment of the collector of the port will be so repugnant to the people of Louisiana that there will be greater and more intense Democratic unity and unanimity in that state than before. The Republicans have done Il most uncivil thing. The prin- cipal reason for the confirmation, however, was undoubtedly to placate negroes in the North, why, by every sort of organization have for months been clamoring for the ap- pointment, coupling their clamOr with threat of desertion from the Republican ranks. The senates action was q craven surrender to this pressure. The result should be greater Dem ocratc strength everywhere.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19

respect have taken advantage of the fact that dealers sought to obtain their adjust. ments separately and were thus more easily frustrated and evaded, particularly as the cost of court collection in separate cases was very high. The dealers have themselves now learned a thing or two, and about month ago formed their present consolidation for mutual advantage. The previous membership was thirty-one, which in less than thirty days. has grown to a hundred or more. United effort and division of the cost of following up claims will result in the double benefit of bringing about more prompt and complete adjustments at less individual ex- pense. It has been the practice of some rail roads to interpose a great show of red tape and delay, since it has been proved that such gestures acted as Encouragement upon indi- viduals. Associations are not 50 easily i'm posed upon. because their representatives are trained just for that sort of combat. It is hoped that the furniture dealers will receive justice where heretofore it has been denied them. It is also expected that the more en- frightened roads will cooperate with and not combat the associations very worthy motives. The furniture dealers. policy may very we'll result in advantage to adjustments for other lines of business. also, in this community.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19
Watching The Parade
By JOHN PILGRIM

This morning I had talk with one of the l wisest men in the world. Here is the proof of it. He knows when he is well off. He had rather be happy than wealthy. He isn't bitten by any bug of greed or envy or ambition. He is content.
 q can put you in touch with man who will make fortune for you" l said.
 q don't want to meet him." said he. q would not change
 He is in the government employ at approxi- mately three thousand dollars a year. With that sum, in the little city in which he lives, he is able to own home, with a garden, a few chickens, a small roadster and a few but worthwhile friends.
 "Just a slacker," sneered a man to whom l told th5 story. "Contented to rust along in pigeonhole in government office. One of the industrial misfits-"
 Misfit-thunder, as I said to my friend. He has invented machine for the govern ment the like of which is not to be found anywhere else in the world. It does work that no other machine can do. No one but Uncle Sam would want it, for no one else has that particular sort of work to do. It is as complicated as the Einstein theory and as distant from my comprehension as the Milky Way. He was not given a reward for inventing it, he gets no royalties, he is not paid what would be considered good salary in commercial life, and no one knows his name outside his small office, = ss..s. .4.gs
 I forgot He is getting reward, and pre- cisely the sort of a reward he wants He has been given permission to invent another machine for the doing of another job that only the government has to do.
 The rich man to whom I told the story has place for just that sort of man. He is willing to give the inventor a contract, a salary that is huge by comparison, and an assurance of royalties if he invents the ma chine the rich man wants invented. But the man doesn't want the place.
 I'm happy here," he told me. Tin doing just the sort of work want to do. My as- sociates are just the sort of men I like to be with. Money cannot buy that sort of thing"
 There is sure enough wise man.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19
PHYSICIANS AND HEALTH

The letter to The Age. Herald leading the Forum of the People in the third column of this page is entirely reassuring as to the sincerity and disinterestedness of purpose of the medical practitioners composing the Phy Seicians Civic League of Jefferson Sounty The physician has through the ages been ideally regarded as the one who goes about all his life dealing out O service for which no money can compensate. Most physicians live up to this ideal of considering devotion to the cause of healing as above all thought of personal remuneration. The average phy- sician does his utmost to relieve the cases that voluntarily come within his care.
 There has long been a feeling, however, that humanity has lost much because there was no organized drive against preventable diseases led by the profession itself. Indi- vidual effort has been unable to cope with the diseases at their source. For many years
 medical science has been of sufficient enlight- enment to prevent absolutely many types of diseases that are now prevalent. But medical science has never made an organized effort to apply it's skill and knowledge to wiping out disease in q practical and efficient man. ner. The medical profession is not particu- larly to blame for this. Far more are of ficial incompetence and unwillingness to en- force health laws, on the part of those elected to public office, to be held responsible for the continued toleration of diseases that can be almost completely abolished by the expen- diture of tithe of the cost of inaction or half-action in this regard At this very mo- ment, the latest laws protecting food in Bir- mingham from contamination are not en- S0rced because there has not been sufficient Appropriation of funds to bear the expense of carrying out such laws.
 It is in recognition of such a condition, apparently, that the physicians have meritor- iously resolved that they shall lend their patriotic effort and influence as citizens to the election of men to office who will be of the requisite enlightenment to enforce and adequately subsidize the public health regu- lations. The physicians know of condition after condition that contribute directly to the prevalence of disease, and yet which can be combatted or removed to the great better ,ment of the community health. Undoubtedly, the physicians are willing to mint their Knowledge directly into the public service. Already they have done this in their con fributions to public health codes. The health laws are adequate. or easily supplemented and amended. Official comprehension of these laws is wocfuly inadequate. There fore, the logical next step is the election of men who have the enlightenment to provide
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-19
THE BUILDING IMPETUS

There have been few periods in the his tory of Birmingbam's building achievements when so much construction work in the erec- ton of homes was under way as now. De- sirable sites in residential sections and loca- tions in districts where modest houses are the rule show advancement in prices, and despite the high cost of building materials, of which there seems little promise of reduc- ton, new gains are reported each month. The building permits for March are expected fo represent investments of about two mil lion dollars. The record for 1924 is set by some students of this industry at twenty million dollars.
 There are two reasons for the notable build ing activity in Birmingham. The program fell far behind during the war and the hous- ing shortage has not yet been provided for. Added to this as building stimulus is the large growth in population. Conservative estimates place this at one thousand month Statistics compiled by the Chamber of Com- merce show that from 275 to 300 families move into Birmingham each month. This of course, increases the demand for houses and there is no way to supply it except through increased building operations, since there is already potential housing shortage more or less serious in extent....5-
 There is reason to believe that Birming- hams growth will continue to show steady increase. Expansion programs by the Ten nessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company and the Southern Railway, representing invest rnents of more than ten millions of dollars, and many other industrial developments will not only offer additional stimulus to the field of large construction, but will necessitate many more houses for the increase in en- ployes and their families. There seems no doubt that by the 1880 official census Bir- 1ningham's population will be 300,000 or more, which means that within the next six years homes must be provided for from 15,000 to 100000 more people. All of which promises a steady active building program for several years at least.
 This does not take account of general con. struction work in industrial and commercial circles, which bids fair to be extensive. New enterprises are being constantly established, while many enlargements and improvements are under way or projected for the early future. The manager of the Chamber of Com rnerce recently reported that he is correspond ing with more than fifty concerns which are considering establishing plants here during the year. Many of these enterprises will ma terialize, which means additional building ac- tivities. Everyone who is informed of the direct material and indirect moral effects of such conditions on the community appreciates their value in advancing progress and pros perity.