davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12

of the Party selects the delegates,
curtails the suffrage Of the Party
members just before the Congress at
which it is to be criticized and re-
elected. Viewed from the stand
point Of an abstract workers democ-
racy, this is travesty of all
democracy"
But we did this from the view
point Of the furtherance of the revo-
luton. We could only permit those
to vote who really represented the
Party guard.
We also make long membership Of
the Party a condition for the APP
pointment of the secretaries of the
leading Party organizations of the
gouvernements, and of the district or
CARNATIONS and Of the chairmen of
the gouvernement trade union Sow
lets. And this is not pure democracy
either.
In a democracy we elect whom we
will. Is this limitation necessary or
not? 1t is necessary!
The furtherance of the revolution,
that is the highest law.
AG Lll1u AlAAA1bdblOH COIlolDlo VI
the confirmation of the appointment
Of the secretaries by the superior
organizations. This, too, is not pure
democracy, and still we do it.
Red Army Discipline.
The fourth limitation is the Red
Army. For time there were more
than 100000 Party members in the
Red Army.
In the Red Army we need the
spirit of comrade-like discipline, but
we cannot accomplish pure democ-
racy there, nor the principle Of cleo
ton. Here we carry on political
work on the lines of the Political
Divisions.
1t is impossible to do otherwise.
And yet there was time when the
functionaries of the Red Army form
ed the fourth or third part of the
whole Party. Can we give this up
in the period of the dictatorship?
Mol
This question must be put as fol-
lows: Either Red Army or broad
workers democracy. And every
revolutionist will say: To the devil
with the sacred principles of "pure
democracy" so long as we have a
real Red Army, really able to defend
the interests Of the revolution.
There are thus quite a number Of
limitations necessarily imposed by
the dictatorship of the proletariat.
These we must consciously accept.
Ito Be Continued Thursday.)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
Zinoviev's Speech to Leningrad Communists

| of now and again electing an organ
izer who may prove useless for his
position, and may have to be re-
placed by another. 1t goes without
saying that where a nucleus is un-
sound, it must be cured.
In our Petrograd organization
there is also room for improvement.
We have 10000 new metal workers
in Petrograd. Has this fact been APP
parent in the Party organization
No! But this great event-3O, 900
new metal workers, among whom
there is a considerable base of the
hereditary proletariat-shouId be
noticeable in our organization. There
should be a supply of fresh blood.
But this is not the case. 1t is i'm
perative that this be changed.
Limitations Of Workers Democracy.
Reference must be made to those
limitations which we have conscious
ly placed upon the workers democ-
racy. A number Of limitations have
arisen spontaneously, and a number
of others have been deliberately i'm
posed by us.
We undertook the purging of the
Party, which means that the most
proletarian section of the Party held
it to be necessary, in the interests Of
the revolution, to review and expel
from the Party the least reliable
section of those members who had
obtained entry into the Party with
out really understanding what the
Communist Party is. The purging
Of the Party has nothing in common
with the pure" principle of "com,
prehensiveD workers democracy in
the actual sense of the words. What
kind of democracy is this, when we
appoint some few persons from
above, and say to them that they
shall purge the Party to any extent
necessary And they have done the
work thoroly.
More than 100000 members were
excluded from our ranks. There are
many who say that this number Of
explosions was not sufficient; others
say it was too many. Comrades, in
some gouvernements one was true,
and in other gouvernements the other.
In general the operation was well
performed.
curtailment of Suffrage.
We once passed a resolution that
at a Party Congress- believe it
was at the Tenth Congress-not
every Party member had a right to
vote, but only those who had been
members Of the Party for certain
time 1.-TWO years..
It might be said that the Central
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12

(NOTE The DAILY WORKER
today publishes the third INSTALL
ment Of the great speech delivered
by Gregory Zinoviev to the party
conference Of the Leningrad Dis
trict. Those Of our readers who
have read lurid reports of war be-
tween Communist leaders should
follow this discussion closely. It is
true that Trotsky had a difference
Of opinion over questions of party
organization with Zinoviev and
others. But the enemies Of the
Soviet Republic may rest assured
that discussion on tactics will not
give them the opening to rush in
their war dogs and lap up the blood
Of the emancipated Russian work
ers. A further installment will be
published tomorrow.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12

furtherance of the revolution de-
mands that our organization is
strictly conspirative and concentrat-
ed. When the situation changes,
then we shall raise the question Of
the workers democracy within the
Party.
And in actual fact, after czarism
was overthrow we raised for the
first time the question of inner Party
democracy, in another form.
The whole Of the periods between
1905-1907 were a variegated inter-
mingling of the legal with the IL
legal, and thus also combination of
the beginnings of inner Party democ-
racy, in accordance with the exig-
encies of the changing situation.
The years of counter-revolution
began. The Party was plunged into
illegality. The legal element dimin-
ished until the year 1911, when the
"Swesda" and later on the "Pravda"
appeared. The element Of legality
vanished almost completely, and the
elements Of conspiracy and central
ization took the upper hand.
During the period 1907-1912 we
lived in complete illegality. Nothing
was heard Of inner Party democracy.
The leaders Of the Party we're ap-
pointed from above. Two or three
comrades were chosen, and had the
right of co-option.
Then came the war. The Party
organizations dwindled away; a part
was driven into illegality, and the
conspirative element increased.
1t neeai not be said that after the
fall Of czarism, in the year 1917, we
began to rebuild the Party. But then
the civil war began, and this meant
that every muscle had to be strained
to its utmost tension, and it meant
that the principle of democracy had
to be confined to certain limits.
Defects of Our Organization.
Have we had, or have we still,
faulty sides to our organization?
Undoubtedly we have! Far too large
a number of circulars are issued,
and these substitute living energy.
Even in such splendid and uni
versally beloved organization as the
RCYU.
ALMOST all the organizers of the
collectives are appointed from above,
by the gouvernement leaders. We
know such gouvernements. We have
followed the rule of appointing the
organizers for the collectives. But
now this rule can and must be
altered.
We must give the nuclei the op-
portunity of even falling into error,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12

than $40 lower than those paid in
October.
Low paid labor suffered most Sc
verely in the layoffs. In the mainte-
nance of way department where
350,962 workers worked full month
for only $50 the reduction in force
since August has brought unemploy-
ment to 1887 persons or approx
mately rs per cent of those employ
ed in the summer. Practically all
Of the men laid off in this depart
ment were section men and track
laborers with wages which averaged
only 500 during December.
46,456 Shopmen Laid OF.
Shop forces were also heavily re-
duced during the last months of the
year. Layoffs rose to a total of 49,
456 or approximately per cent Of
the force employed in August. One
eighth of the freight car men en-
ployed during the summer are now
unemployed while the skilled trade
helpers have suffered similar re-
duction.
The coming of spring will mean
the gradual unemployment of a con-
siderable number altho the majority
OF railroads are planning material
reductions in their maintenance ex-
penditures for the coming year. But
the outstanding fact is that this
major industry recognizes no re-
sponsibility for giving tens of thous-
ands of its low paid workers a
chance to earn living during the
cold months of the year. And this
is not exceptional but a regular fea-
ture of railroad employment.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
Steel MiLit0nts VIII
Be Represented at
AnldLgdnl0ted Meet
tspseisI . Ths DalIy werksrl

WARREN, Pa, March 1.-THE
militant element in the rank and file
of the Amalgamated Association Of
Iron, Steel and Tin Workers, which
has most of the Warren steel work
ers in its ranks, is preparing to send
real rank and file representative
to the April / convention of the
union in Pittsburgh.
The militants have been studying
the inner workings of the organiza-
ton and find too many superfiuous
officers eating up funds. The resolu-
tion from our lodges here concern
ing this says: "That said convention
shall determine the number of SUPER
fuous officers in the national Offices
and initiate move to remove same"
The lodge meeting also called for
the ending Of the per cent assess
ment.
Organizing the Unorganized.
The question Of organizing the
unorganized steel workers will coEne
up also in the coming convention.
1t will be very important matter
for it concerns 100000 steel workers
and the work of organizing these
into one.
One more important resolution
made here for this convention is.
that special committee be appoint
ed to determine the status Of strikes
now in effect and to call off those
found to be hopelessly lost.
Both lodges of Warren, o., held
meetings Saturday, March /. and
elected delegates for this convention
The Liberty Lodge had a banquet
after their meeting where an able
office workers union member spoke
on the Teapot Dome scandal. and
the role Of the Workers Party.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12

lament. A dictatorship is a very
likely possibility.
Morgan's $4,000, 900.
The Petit Parisien confirms a re-
port that the Bank of France has
obtained important aid" to stabil-
ize the franc in England and the
United States. This presumably
would refer to a report that France
has obtained credit of $4,000, 900
for three months from a syndicate
of American banks headed by ]. P.
Morgan and Co..
The Petit Journal said the discount
rate may be raised to prevent ex-
cessive rediscounting and consequent
use Of the money for purchasing
foreign materials.
Finance Minister Lasteyrie an
nounceds last night the government
plans operations for consolidation of
the floating debt.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
Supreme Court Take. R.,,.

WASHINGTON, March 1.-THE
Supreme Court today announced il
would recess from March II to
April 7.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
Alleged PrO-Kdiser
Publisher May Be
PdrdOned by "CaL'

WASHINGTON, Mar. 11.-Presi-
dent Coolidge has rejected an appli-
cation for pardon on the part of DR..
Edward Rumely, former publisher of
the New York Evening Mail, alleged
to have been purchased by the Ger
man government during the war, it
was said at the White House today.
There has ince been a suggestion
the sentence be committed and il was
indicated that some executive action
towards clemency in this direction
may be taken soon.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
MORGAN COMES
TO FIRE N H AID
WITH MILLIONS
Gustave Herve Shrieks
For a Mussolini

PARIS, March 1.-THE French
cabinet is in desperation as a result
of the rapid decline of the fsanc, de-
spite all efforts made to stabilize it.
Dollars were quoted at q francs, 80
centimes and pounds sterling at lie
francs 40 centimes.
The governors and director of the
Eank of France have met with the
cabinet to consider what extraor-
binary measures should be taken to
stop its downward dive.
Among the proposals made were
to abolish the eight hour day and
to turn over the government monop-
oily on railroads, tobacco, matches,
telegraphs and telephones to private
ownership, and to organize new
cabinet composed entirely of bust
ness experts.
Herve for Fascism.
Gustave Herve, former socialist
and close personal friend of Presi-
dent Millerand, once member of
the French socialist party, is de-
manding that Fascist dictatorship
be established. He is supported in
this by the Comite de FORCES, the
great French steel trust. !,
Herve demands the restoration of
wartime regulations. He wants the
issuance Of bread cards, the suppress.
sion of sweets, cakes and candy,
head tax in gold francs on foreign
ers living in France, and the prohibit
ton under penalty of a long Jail
term of any Frenchman from pur-
chasing foreign moneys or securities,
except thru a government bank.
The reduction of newspapers to
two pages as during the war and a
ban on the purchase of wood pulp
abroad.
Another proposition made is that
no more bonds for national defense
should be issued, allowing the So
called devastated regions to take
care of themselves and the floating
of final loan of $1,000, 600, 900.
French spies continue to bring dis
concerning news Of war preparations
from Germany. This is used by
Poincare to brighten the Chamber
of Deputies into granting his de-
mands but it is felt now that he has
reached the end of his rope-in par
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
Entertains His Prisoners.

Federal officials here are making
an investigation TO determine whether
sheriff Edwin Ahlstrom in charge of
the county Jail at Waukegan exceeded
his hostly duties in the case of two
girl prisoners. Reports to the mar
shal's Office were that Ahlstrom
sought to relieve the monotony Of
Jail life for Marjorie Mober and Mar
garet Darling, held as witnesses in
a white slavery case, by taking them
to Chicago to a cabaret.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
zINovIEv CONTINUES.

lnURING that period, when czarist
- absolutism still existed, we were
unable to hold to the principle of
election.
We were obliged to have a strictly
conspiratory and centralized Party
organization, as Comrade Lenin
demonstrated. He stated that adher-
ence to the principle of election
would only have been to the advan-
tage Of the police.
Those revolutionary workers who
are capable of taking leading Party
positions will be appointed by us, and
will be appointed without any fuss.
But to preach consistent democracy
within the Party under an absolutist
regime, at a moment when we re-
quire the concentration of conspiracy
and centralism, would signify that
we succurnb to demagogy and place
the revolution in danger.
1t was no easy task to defend this
official standpoint of Bolshevism. The
Mensheviki earned cheap laurels
just as any democrat" can earn them
now, by singing the praises of
democracy, without any regard for
the situation as a whole.
In January, 1905, Bolsheyism de-
clared that a broad adherence to the
principle of election within the Party
is impossible. But if the principle
of election is not possible, where is
democracy? Thus a broad democ-
racy was equally impossible for the
Party.
Furtherance of Revolution.
For us the highest law is the fur
therance Of the revolution, but we do
not follow the letter, the dogma. The
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
JobIess. PenniIess-Suicide.

SAN FRANCISCO, March H.
Alone in strange city, and unable
TO find work after weeks of search
ing, Katherine Fleener, a waitress.
took poison in suicide attempt. AT
the Central Emergency hospital.
where it was said she would probably
recover, Mrs. Fleener told officials
that she was literally penniless, hav-
ing spent her last money for the
poison.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
Capitalists May Buy News Agency.
RERIIN March Ii Thoro nro

BEHLIN, March II.-Ihere are
persistent rumors in journalistic
circles that the Wolfsches Telegrafen
Bureau, the semi-oficial news bureau
which stands in the same relation to
the German government as the
Agence Havas does to the French
or Reuters to the British, is to be
brought up by the big German in
dustrialists. 1t is said that MEM
Der of parliament, DR.. Cremer, who
belongs to the Peoples (Stinnes)
party and is also on close terms with
the German Nationalist party, is to
become the head director.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-03-12
PAUPER WAGES
PAID TO MANY
RAIL WORKERS
And 179,726 Are Laid
Off Since August
BY LELAND OLDS
Federated Press Industrial Editor)

Pauper wages and insecurity of
job stand out as characteristics of
railroad employment in the United
States as pictured in the December
wage report Of the u. s. Interstate
Commerce Commission. Over 30 per
cent Of the 1,670,192 hourly paid
workers employed during the month
received less than 500 for their
work, which included a considerable
amount of overtime. While more
than rs per cent of them earned less
than $50 for the month.
Unemployment was shown to be
spreading rapidly. Between Novem-
Der and December the total number
of railroad workers was reduced
from 1899, 545 to 1,793,779 or by Sc
per cent. This meant that los, 766
employees were laid off within the
month. At the same time the total
compensation paid railroad workers
fell $15,024,016, decrease of 6 per
cent.
179,726 Lose Jobs.
The reduction in the number on
railroad payrolls since August when
l,973,505 were employed has amount
ed to 1925. This represents the
addition of the railroads to the al
ready flooded job market. uta.
But the full extent of the decrease
in employment is evident only when
we investigate the figures showing
the number of full time jobs avail
able for workers paid on an hourly
basis. These figures together with
the average monthly pay, are shown
for the last six months Of the year
as follows:
The Washington times., 1924-08-27
MANSENTENCED
|NFL|M-FLAM
CAME
Paul Williams Is Victim to
Extent Of $3.50 by
Ancient Trick

The ancient pocketbook game
worked to perfection on Paul VIII
liams. thirty. colored student, liv.
ing at 1714h Wallach place, accord.
ing to the story he gave the court
today when testifying in the case
against Stanford Frisby, colored,
who stood charged with larceny.
Paul told the court that he was
sitting In q park at Fifteenth and
Florida avenue when Stanford took
a seat beside him and began a con.
versation. Soon another colorei
boy passed and Stanford called the
scholars attention to the pocket.
book that had been picked up by
the passing boy,
Negotiations followed In which
Paul took part In lending Stanford
his last $7.50-to help make change
for the 800 bill which the latter
said was found in the purse. Need
ing more change, the two conf.
dence men left the park saving
they would return and for Paul to
wait. He would have been there
yet II an officer hadn't come along.
He reported his loss to the police
and a search for Stanford was
made. At the Arrangement today
before Judge Schuldt, Paul ad.
mitted that he had been q "sap,"
but that until this transaction he
had implicit faith In his fellow.
man. Stanford wao sent down to
occ9quan today to begin a sentence
Of 800 days.
The Washington times., 1924-08-27
KIDNAPPED MAN
WARMED To
LEAVE
Freeport, N. Y, Merchant
Carried OFF In Auto, But
Is Not Harmed

FREEPORT, N. Y, Aug. 81
After a night Of terror at the
hands of five men who kidnapped
Kim, Ernest S. Louis, druggist,
was back home today with a
police guard outside his store.
His captors freed Louis I'M
harmed in Hicksville, first warn
ing him he better had leave town.
Louis was afraid to go to his
home in Freeport and spent the
night in q Mineola hotel, where
he was found by police. The drug
gist received a warning ten days
ago from alleged members of the
Ku Klux Khan demanding he
leave the vicinity.
Men Were Unmasked.
The men who kidnapped him,
however, did not wear masks, and
during a long automobile ride did
not mention tho khan.
After locking his store last night,
Louis started for home with his
wife and brother in-law, Samuel
Schulman. AS they neared a cross
street, the lights were switched off
an automobile standing at the
curb and five men approached
them.
Mrs. Louis was pushed aside and
fell down. Schulman was held,
while Louis was jerked into a dark
sedan automobile. Schulman and
Mrs. Louis went to police head.
quarters, where an alarm was
broadcast.
County officials Immediately
gathered a posse and went in search
of the kidnapers. A few hours
later voice called Mrs. Louis on
the telephone and said:
Tell Florence I'm all right"
Mrs. Louis told police that one
of the kidnapers seemed to be a
certain tall man who acted as
spokesman when the men entered
the store with the warning ten
days ago.
No Violence Used.
Louis said two Of the men who
kidnapped him were, young and
three were middle aged. He said
he had seen one several times in
Freeport and would be able to
recognize him or any of the others.
The abductors took him on a long
motor ride, during which they did
not use violence upon him.
After being told again to leave
the town. he was freed.
Louis said he would stay in
Freeport and continue to operate
his store.
The Washington times., 1924-08-27

gravity transgressed the rules gov
erning the testimony Of witnesses.
United States Commissioner N. C..
Turnage, who heard the case, in
one OF the equity court rooms OF
the District Supreme Court instead
of his office on account OF the
crowd and importance of the case,
refused O'Shea's demand that Gold
ing be cited and the attorneys
noted an exception which was
granted.
Ground Hard Fought.
Fighting every inch Of the
ground, the attorneys representing
the indicted men battered down
the carefully arranged presentation
of evidence by Assistant District
Attorney Burnett, and when the
smoke cleared after the first skirm,
ish, it appeared that the staff Of
attorneys had scored q signal vic.
tory over the Government.
Two specific contentious were
emphasized by the attorneys for
the indicted men, who are fighting
the Governments desire to have
them transferred to the jurisdiction
of a southern Florida court, They
are:
First, that the certified incict.
ment which was presented a. the
hearing today is signed by.a woman
who is a deputy clerk Of Florida
court and will not stand up under
law.
Second, that the Indictment refers
to the local men as formerly of
Florida, when, as matter Of fact,
they have never lived in Florida.
Long Fight Seen.
Hint was given during the course
Of the hearing today that it will
be a prolonged affair and may last
two or . three days. Practically
every attempt of Assistant District
Attorney Burnett to draw blood on
the Governments behalf, was oh.
jected to by the opposing attorneys
and was sustained by Commissioner
Turnage.
The Washington times., 1924-08-27
MAN, 81, JAILED
ON GIRLS
CHARGES
Allegations Of s-Year-o Odds Are
Reported in Courtroom
Victed in Earlier Cases

Charged with attacking two eight.
year-old girls. John Ferguson, white,
sixty-seven, giving his residence as
$40 Fourth street northeast, today
pleaded guilty before Judge Schuldt
In the United States branch of
police court.
The old man declared he had
nothing to say in answer to the
little girls testimony that they had
met him while playing in Stanton
park, and that he had given them
fifteen cents each to submit. Rec
ords showed that Ferguson had
recently been discharged from pri-
son where he had served four
months for q similar offense.
Precinct Detective l.. M. Wilson
told the court that he had arrested
Ferguson in his home and that he
had made a full confession Of the
The Washington times., 1924-08-27

crimes. Judge Schuldt sentenced
Ferguson to serve a term Of six
months on the first count and ten
months on the second.