davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-07-05

home work, almost $40 earned less
than 500 and nearly 3-5 earned less
than $25.
In other cities, particularly in New
York, conditions are the same. In
the process of work, fingers are cut
on the threads which must be drawn
from the lace. Rosary beads are
linked and wired with the aid Of pliers
and the hands are left sore or cal
loused. In some homes machines had
been installed and fingers were
crushed or cut in using them.
The children usually work till 10
or IL o'clock at night, the smaller
ones fall asleep before this time
Sometimes the whole family rise
again at o'clock to go ON with the
work. Stopping at the factory for
more work on their way to school, the
children are likely to be tardy, and
it is little wonder that teachers say
that they come to school worn out
and listless. 1t is also little wonder
that many of the children are below
their normal grades.
But in addition to the evils from
which children suffer, possible dan
ger to the public health is found in
the fact that many families work at
home on these products during times
when some of their members are i'll
with communicable diseases. In one
region, study of tenement home
work conditions revealed at least 10
cases of tuberculosis. Children who
were kept out of school because they
had whooping cough were doing home
work. Among other diseases which
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-07-05
Industrial Child Labor in u. S.

they delivered, from So to $3.50 a
week in Minot, from 81 to $40 a
month in Grand Forks, and from SIS
to $3.50 month in Fargo. Sellers
earnings were usually smaller-about
one-fourth of those reporting earn
ings made less than 81 week.
1t is understood that most of the
street workers come from homes of
the poor. In Birmingham, about 80
per cent of the boys doing street trad
ing were found to come from broken
homes, and the mothers were found
to be engaged in some kind of work
outside the home each day. This
meant that the children were left on
their own resources from the time
they left school until they returned
home late at night. Many of the
boys stay out all night; some of them
sleep on the floors of the distribu-
ton room of the newspaper establish
ments, in nearby garages or such
sheltered places.
Investigations have shown that the
greatest number of street workers
have physical defects and ailments,
such as heart, lung, throat, stomach,
and foot troubles. In many instances
the defects and ailments are traceable
to the occupation. The long
hours, the exposure to all kinds of
weather, the irregular meals, often un-
wholesome and inadequate, the rush
and excitement of the streets,-all
these are factors in undermining
health and nervous stability.
Children in Industrial Home Work.
Another form of child slavery is
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-07-05

tenement home work. This is the
most vicious form of child slavery
which is not protected by any de-
finite state laws. Thousands of chill
dren, many of them little more than
babies, are victims of the iniquitous
tenement home work system. They
work late at night at occupations
which strain the eyes and blister and
calious hands.
The work is both hard and tedious
Coming home from school, with little
playtime, or with none at all, the chill
dren go to work. Perhaps they card
ed glove or dress-fasteners or shoe
buttons, or jewelry, or they worked
at stringing tags or separating bands
of lace held together by some threads.
Usually the whole family works to-
gether. The older members doing
the harder parts of the job, and the
little children doing the easier. The
average earning of each person is
about cents an hour. To earn " Of
a cent at carding fasteners, it is ne
cesSary TO place a gross OF them in
cards, and very small children even
working at top speed, could not make
more than few cents an hour.
The investigations of the Children's
Bureau in three Rhode Island cities
revealed shocking conditions. Chill
dren were engaged in home Industries,
working long hours and receiving very
little pay. Four-fifths of the chill
dren, who assembled jewelry, strung
beads, finished lace and performed
many other operations incidental to
manufacture, could make at rates paid
so much as 10 cents an hour work
ing at top speed; half OF them could
not make cents. OF the families
reporting total yearly earnings from
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-07-05

the home working families reported
were pneumonia, typhoid fever, tonsil-
tits, influenza, and diphtheria.
The system of industrial home work
is one long tale of neglect, under
nourishment and over work. 1t con-
tinues because the employer who uses
it saves rent, floor space and over
head charges for heat, foremen and
wages. 1t cannot be controlled or
regulated in any way. 1t must be
abolished Internationally.
Children in canneries.
Another industry in which children
are practically without legal protec-
tion-is the canning industry, which
stands on the borderline between fac
tory industry and agriculture.
Canneries depend for their labor al
most exclusively ON women and chill
dren. On account of the perishabiIity
Of their product and even more on ac-
count of the unauthorized and irregu-
lated method of securing their raw
materials, these establishments work
overtime to a degree almost unpre-
cedented in any other industry.
Conditions of work in canneries are
intolerable: The whistle blows 4
o'clock in the morning summoning the
wage slaves. Women and babies,
and children of all ages, appear from
the row of barracks behind the can
merry. These are the workers. The
oyster cars are pulled along into the
drafty shed and the workers fasten
containers to the sides Of the cars
and reach in for clusters of oysters.
They break apart the clusters and open
the shells with knives and begin to
fill the cups with oyster meat.
The work is wet and dirty. The
workers are liable to injuries from the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-07-05
THEME

BY Haskell Rein.
Thrumming electric wires
Are drawn ominously to taut
Fingers: A gust swoops-
And in austere masses
Veering,
Tall cloud-figures raise arms,
Eloquently tragic
A desperate moon struggles,
With the pail: Tenseness gasps-
Pin-eyed rats
Dart from alleys
Shacks creak from burden of tossing
Wrecked flesh
Eloquently tragic,
Blue-white arms extend,
In fierce gestures of impIoration--
o water tapping in a country stream!
o undulating ecstasy!
Evening star., 1924-10-21

commanding the Trenton. informed
the Navy Department today.
List of Casualties.
4 list OF dead and injured in the
explosion was made public, with the
Navy Department late last night, as
follows:
Dead.
George Robert Cholister. boat
swain's mate. first. class: Merchants
willie, N. ].
Ensign Henry Clay Drexlcr, Sus-
sex Beach, Del.
Rowland Philip Hanson, seaman,
first class; Soldier. Iowa.
William Alfred Walker, seaman.
first class; Mayo, 3. c.
Bernard Beverly Byam. seaman,
second class; 6S70 Lincoln street
Bristol, Conn.
Bennett Williams. seaman, second
class; South Easton. Mass.
Critically Injured.
Franklin B. Jeffrey. seaman, first
class; 1875 Bellevue road, Lynn, Mass
Mervin Franklin Seaman. seaman
second class; 30S Seventy-eighth
street, Brooklyn, n. Y.
Seriously, Not Critically. Injured.
George Dewitt Luker, seaman, t1rst
class: Newark, n. J.
Joseph Cohen, seaman. first class
"a Mangin street. New York city.
George Joseph Gaffney. seaman
second class; 1929 Second avenue
Brooklyn. y. Y.
Edgar John INey, seaman. first
class; West Clinton street, HuntB-
willie, Ala.
Arthur James Mccormick. seaman
first class; Wallace street, Charles
town. Mass.
Richard Ellsworth Denkcr, seaman
second class; 126 Simonson avenue
Port Richmond. Staten Island, y. Y.
John Uzzolino, seaman, second
class; II Adams street, Newark, n. j
Slightly Injured.
John Arthur Sedgwick, lieutenant
junior grade; 81 WaEeway avenue
Winthrop. Mass.
Thomas Howard Bailey, seaman
second class; 46i West Front street
Erie. Pa.
Calmon Colby White, seaman, sec
ond class: Jonesboro, Me.
Joseph Leo White, turret captain
first class: 917 Dubois street, Vim
cepnes, Ind.
William Douglas Sterling, seaman
second class; 40 Leonard street, Port
chester. n. Y. -
Evening star., 1924-10-21
REPUBLICAN HELP
TO RACE STRESSED
Colored Voters in District Urged to
Remain Faithful to
Party.

It would be not only gross ingrati-
tude for colored voters to desert the
Republican party In this election, but
real folly. was the declaration made
by Francis Wells. president of the
Blaine Invincible Republican Club of
the District, at rally for coiored
men and women last night at the
Birney School The meeting was held
under the auspices of the Anacostia
and Hillsdale Republican Club and
the auditorium was filled to capacity.
Mr.. Wells warned colored voters
to think carefully before they yield
to the overtures being made by the
third party and by their common
enemy as he described the Demo-
cratic party. He reminded his listen
ers that it has only been through the
Republican party that the colored
race in this country has received
freedom and citizenship and has been
able to advance to it's present posi-
tion. He said also that the colored
man and woman need look no farther
than the Republican party for friend
ship and assistance.
Tribute was paid to President
Coolidge and the men associated with
him in administering the Government
by Mr.. Wells, and the many ac-
complishments of the present admin
istration and the Republican Congress
were pointed out.
A. +. Chaffee, reading clerk of the
House of Representatives and director
of the voters information bureau Of
the local Republican campaign. gave
an interesting resume of the registra-
ton and voting laws for absentee
voters of the various States. He told
also of the work being done at the
local headquarters. 1924 New York
avenue, in supplying information to
voters.
Others who addressed the meeting
were Charles Robinson, representing
the Coolidge and Dawes Republican
League: Harry a. Clarke. presiden
of the Republican Interstate League:
A. n. Lewis of the Anacostia- Hills
dale Republican Club; and A. h
Smith. former member of the Ten
nessee Legislature. Music was fur
nished by the Community Choral So
ciety.
Evening star., 1924-10-21
GERMAN POLITICAL
FUS|ONS FORMING
Nationalist and PeopIe's
r Party Expect to Present
y United Front.
By tine Associated Press.

By tho Associated Press
.BERLIN. October PA significant
political development today, on the
morrow of the dissolution of the
Reichstsg, was the indication of
struggle between an alliance of DR..
von Hergt's German Nationalist
PARTY and Foreign Minister Strsse-
rnann's Peoples party against a
united front of the Socialists, Cler-
icals and Democrats.
The press generally does not eX-
press regret over the Reichstag' 5
dissolu ton, many of the newspapers
rather welcoming the termination of
parliamentary situation which left
the government at the mercy of In
terparty barterings.
srhe Deutsche AlIgemeine Zeitung.
Che SHINES organ, and the Lokal
-4nzeiger. both urge fusion of the
Nationalist and Peoples parties be-
cause internal political Developments
dictate united front. This is taken
70 indicate prospective joint action
hS the two parties against the fight
of the Socialists for an eight hour
day and the demand of the Radicals
for drastic taxation on big business.
Demand s-Hour Day.
IF these two parties enter the cam
paiGn with such platform. it is con-
sidered certain they Will find them
selves pitted against united opposi-
tion of the Clericals. Democrats and
Socialists, all of whom will take as
their campaign issue continuation of
the governments present policies as
dictated by it's acceptance Of the
Dawes report. The Socialists are also
determined to go before the voters
with the demand that the govern
irent ratify the Washington eight
hour agreement; they also Will op-
sVorwaerts. Socialist organ, demands
that the forthcoming election BE-
fought out under the slogan Defend
the republic" and asserts that the
e3ection must return a majority which
Will definitely dispose of attacks on
the constitution and attempts to leg
fslate against the interests of the
working classes.
The Importance of a campaign is
sue of ratification of the Washing
rpn ht-hour-day agreement Is en-
phasized by the Boersen Zeitung,
Which on the occasion OF the
IDth anniversary today of the found
ing of the Association of German Iron
md Steel Industrialists, quotes a
number of prominent German indus
@ialists as denouneing the agree
taent. The editor of the newspaper
Expresses the opinion that ratifcatio
you'd make fulfillment of the Dawes
plan impossible and would endanger
the stability of German currency.
tThe German general election will
be held December Z, il was definitely
announced today.
Evening star., 1924-10-21
TO START new COURSE.
Public Invited to Observe Work OF
District National Guard.

An invitation to the public has
been issued by Maj. Gen. Anton
Stephan, commanding the District OF
Columbia Militia and the 2sth Ma
tional Guard Division, to visit the
National Guard Armory, 4I2 l. street,
and witness the Winter course of en-
xineer instruction of the 121st Regl-
ment Of Engineers. The course VIII
be inaugurated this evening at
o'clock and will continue In a pro-
sressive way Tuesday evenings until
the time arrives for outdoor work
next Spring.
The course has been prepared
under the direction Of Col Louis G.
Brinton, United States Army, senior
instructor Of the Guard. 1t will in
clude trsstle, spar and penteon bridge
building, and the various activities
Of map reproduction. surveying and
technical instruction in biacksmithy,
carpentry and photography. 1t Is
expected to be not only unusually in-
struotive to the officers and men OF
the Guard, but to the onlooker as
well. l'H'
Evening star., 1924-10-21
Physicians Unable
To Say if Wo'can
Is Liuing or Dead
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PARIS, October 21.-A peculiar
pathological case is reported from
Lille. A surgeon had placed young
AIme. Marquette, wife of a wealthy
cloth manufacturer, under chloro-
form preparatory to an operation.
when he discovered that her heart
had ceased to beat. He declared
her dead and all preparations were
made for the interment, when a
member of the family remarked
that the usual signs were lacking.
the face retaining it's color and
the limbs lacking the rigor of
death.
Other physicians were called,
but none was able to say for
certainty whether the young wom-
an was really dead or merely in a
trance. An eminent Paris special
ist has been summoned.
Evening star., 1924-10-21
COURT TRIAL HALTED.
Chinese Interpreters Afraid to Act
in New York
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
NEW YORK, October 2i.--The
power of the tong cast its shadow
over the court of special sessions yes
terday and tied the hands OF justice
Fear of revenge resulted in refusal OF
Chinese to act as interpreters, and 4
weeks postponement IN the trial OF
eight orientals arrested in connection
with tong warfare was made neces-
sary. According to the clerk of the
court, even the Chinese consul him
self had declined to lend his assist
ance against the far-reaching menac.
of the tongs
The eight Chinese appeared befors
Justices Salmon Voorhees, and kerro
chen and pleaded ignorance Of Eng
lish. The justices inquired why the
regular court interpreter was not
present and the clerk Informed them
he was recovering from II knife
wounds inflicted on him by an ansrS
Chinese, who thought the interpre
ter's version of his story was unfair
The clerk added that every Oriental
he had approached to act as inter
prefer had refused on the ground tina
1t was too dangerous
Consul Also "Afraid."
Justice Kernochen then asked Why
the Offices of the Chinese consul had
not been requested. He was told tina
an effort had been made to obtain a.!
interpreter through the Chinese con
sulate. but the consul was afraid TO
send one"
Inspector Alfred W. Brougn. head
of the Chinese bureau OF the imm.-
grafton service, convinced that ef-
forts 10 bring about Cancellation
between the rival tongS had failed
asked for Federal intervention and
acted to obtain the deportation OF
all those responsible for the feud and
it's continuance.
Meanwhile police maintained their
vigil in Chinatown for all Chinese
carrying arms or acting suspiciously
There were several more arrests Of
minor charges.
Detectives are investigating q
theory that the tong warfare started
over information given the author
| ties relative to the smuggling Of
Chinese across the Canadian border
Information has come to the polic,
| here that the first killing in Ia.
| feud was a result of a tip viii,
| led to the arrest of band of smu,-
glers, 1t was said.
Evening star., 1924-10-21
Gaueys of Tiberi"s Wild Orgies
May Be Raised From Lake Ne1ni

halls. table service. kitchen utensils
and precious works of art. which
supplied the last word in fast
Roman night ife.' These gaileys
have attracted archeologists for
nearly four centuries.
The famous scientist Alberi
undertook to raise the galleys In
the sixteenth century, and subse-
quently others risked their lives to
secure precious fragments of them.
Thirty years ago Prof. Macs, who
devoted his life to the project, de-
v.tsed fishing machinery which
brought to light valuable bronzes,
marbles and Inosaics, which are
now son exhibition in the National
Museum.
But 1t proved impossible to hoist
the galicys 10 the surface. There
fore the new plan proposes to
drain the lake by cutting a tunnel
through the side of the extinct
volcanic crater in which the lake
Is situated. The total cost Is esti-
mated at 100000.
Copyright. 1924. by Chicago Daily News Co
Evening star., 1924-10-21
POLICE TO WAGE WAR
ON ROLLER. SKATERS
Maj. Sullivan Orders enforcement
of Regulations Regarding
Hanging on Vehicles.

The practice of children on roller
skates catching hold of moving .ve-
hicles is a very dangerous one and
must be stopped" Maj. Daniel Sullf-
van. superintendent of police, advised
members of the force today.
The superintendent called attention
to the provisions of the resula tion
which provides: NO person shall ride
upon the rear of any vehicle without
the drivers consent; nor shall any
minor jump. climb or hang, upon or
take hold of a vehicle or street rail-
way or Steam railroad car or loco
motive while in motion"
Strict enforcement Of the reEula-
tion was directed
Evening star., 1924-10-21
TARIFF PROMISED
|. BY CONSERVATIVES
Will Reimpose McKenna Du.
ties if Labor Favors,
Spokesman Says.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON. October 2l.-The Con-
servative party. II II is returned to
power in the general election next
week. will reimpose the McKenna
duties II trades union leaders ask for
such action. Sir William Joynson-
Hicks, Conservative, declared In a
campaign speech at Islesworth last
night.
1--WE shall reimpose the McKenna
duties" he said, lin Order to give
some fairness between our own peo-
pie and the Belgian and German ma
tions."
He asked. however, that the pro-
tective duties would not be reim-
posed until trade union leaders ask
for such a step to protect them
against underpaid continental labor.
The election campaigning is warm
ing up considerably everywhere. The
conservatives are making the most
of the Anglo Russian pact and Camp
bell controversy issues, the labor
leaders are holding out promises OF
better things to come II they are re-
turned with u majority. while the
Liberals are advocating. among other
things. state control OF minerals
with the operation to De carried on
by private enterprise.
The conservatives have a new ally
in Sir Auckland Geddes. former Brit
ish ambassador at Washington, who
made an address at Blackburn, a Lam
cashire cotton town. today. This was
the first active part Sir Auckland has
taken in public affairs since his re-
tirement from the Washington post.
women Take Active Part.
As the British election campaign
progresses, reports from many parts
of the country emphasize the accu-
racy OF one prediction made at the
outset-that the women would take a
bigger part than ever before.
Not only are the Al woman parlia-
mentary candidates drawing big au-
diences, but the wives, daughters and
sisters of the male candidates are
taking to the platform in their be-
half with great success, while the
various political organizations are
finding IL difficult In some case to
employ all the woman volunteers anx-
ious to join in the hght.
In some populous constituencies,
woman helpers have been sent out in
patches of so or more for canvassing
tours, calling at every house until
the whole constituency Is covered.
The audiences at many political
meetings contain large percentage
of women. who sometimes outnumber
the men. This has been noted sspe-
cially in Plymouth. in one district of
which Lady Astor is conducting a
lively campaign for reelection.
Evening star., 1924-10-21
DECLARES RUSSIAN
LOAN IS ARRANGED
Soviet Official Says English
Bankers Have Agreed to
Furnish Money.
BY the Associated Press.

by the Associated Press.
MOSCOW, October 31-The Sovis,
Russian commissar for finance, NJ
Sokolnikov, announced today before
the all-Russian Parliament. now in
session in the kremlin, that despite
the fall Of the British Labor govern
ment, English bankers with the sup
port Of certain American financial
institutions had agreed to advance
Soviet Russia extensive commercial
credits.
He did not mention the specific
amount of these advances, combining
himself to general statement that
Russia had concluded negotiations for
loan from abroad in the form of
a credit to the Russian State Bank
of several tens of millions of rubles. "
NJ. Sokolnikov said the government
for the hrst time since the revolution
had balanced its budget without re-
sort to the emission of paper money.
Total OF Budget.
The budget totals 2OsISo0, 0,0oO
rubles. OF this 37S, 00D. 900. or %, 900.
600 more than last year are assigned
Tor the defense of the country; IA
600, 900 will be derived from direc,
the peasant agricultural tax: 49,
100000 are set aside for famine re-
lief. while indirect taxes total 376.-
900, 900.
The revenue from state property
is expected to yield slightly more
than ono billion rubles while 400. .00O,-
600 will be derived from credit opera :
ttons including the issuance of silver
and copper currency.
speaking on the question of a
foreign loan, the finance minister said
the government was not carrying on
negotiations for loan because Rus
sia needed 1t vitally to balance her
budget. but because she wanted 1t ii,
order to re-establish her national pro-
duction.
Not Vital Question.
"If we decide" he continued. Ito
remain on the same scats.of economic
development. We can do so"wfthout a
loan. 1t is a mistake for British and
American bankers to imagine that a
foreign loan is a question Of life or
death with Soviet Russia.
III 1t were not for the famine
which demands extraordinary ex-
penses, we would now be in a posi-
tion to say that the difficult period
in our budget has passed.
Reports in the foreign press to the
effect that Russia has exhausted its
gold reserve are wholly untrue 1t is
true that our gold funds suffered
dinrinution by reason of the seizure OF
portions of our gold by kolchak and
the Czechoslovakians, but our reserves
show an improvement over those of
1922 and 1898. This year is the last
difficult year the Soviet union will
pass through.
Evening star., 1924-10-21
NAVY MEN EXONERATED

Officers and crew of the battlesh
West Virginia, which went agrouH
last Summer in Hampton. Ruat.
were held blameless by the court. IL.
findings of which We're approved YES
terday by Secretary Wilbur of til,
Navy Department.
The court held that the naviga
tional data furnished the ship froI.
official sources was inaccurate ant
misleading the charts indicating t.:
much greater depth throughout th'
channel than actually existed.