The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1924-12-25
NEW SYSTEM
SUGGESTED
Three-Sided Spraying is only
Sure Way Says M. D.
Armstrong of W.S.C.

| IHree ldcCoTS are essential IN con-
troll by spraying of any orchard pest
according to M. d. Armstrong OF
Washington State College.
1. Effective material, which in.
cludes the right chemical OF poison
and the right proportioning or mix-
ing of it with water.
2. The application of this material
in the proper or best time for con-
troll.
8. The complete covering of the in
sect or the foliage, fruit or tree up
on which the insect lives.
| The advantages of oil spraying
We're so apparent to growers last
spring that in some districts from 70
to 80 per cent of them changed from
lime and sulphur to oil, Armstrong
noted, adding:
"When such large proportion of
growers suddenly change to methods
and practices with which they are
comparatively unacquainted and mex
perienced and to materials which are
so unlike as are oil and lime and
sulphur, it is astonishing that the
losses have been so light.
"Mr. Marshall, the district horti-
culturist of Wenatchee, states that
only about six per cent of all apples
are culls from all causes in this dis
trict. When we consider the sever
al brands of different oils on the
market and the different waters used
for spraying, together with the gen.
eral lack of experience, the results
seem remarkably good.
Oil, when rightly used, is also eff
fective against red spider and aphis
and is more agreeable to apply than
lime-sulphur. And it is the only
spray to be used successfully against
the leaf roller"
Some things to be watched in
spraying with oil, as pointed out by
Mr.. Armstrong are. The proper guam
tity of the right oil; knowing that
the required percentage of actual oil
is in the tank; a Uniform mixture uf
oil and water. The latter point is
important, the speaker declared. Tt
must be made sure that the oil and
water are not separate. Six of the
principle reasons for such separation
were given: 1. The use of lime and
SULPHUR tanks or barrels for stock.
2. Improper diluting or mixing of
stock solution with tank waters; 3.
Hard water; A. Too much agitation;
5. Too little agitation; 6. Too little
emulsion in the stock or tank.
Many growers fail in getting good
results because they attempt to spray
when there is too much wind, Arm
strong said. And the necessity for
efficient application is the principal
reason why many growers are un-
able to produce clean crops in the
midst of worm infested districts.
sour trees present much more sur
face than they did eight or ten years
ago." said Armstrong. 1--WE are re-
moving from one-third to one-haf
of the trees in many orchards and are
following long system of pruning
which extends the limb spread of our
trees. The result is rapid expan-
sion of tree tops. It is an easy mat
ter to spray an eight or ten year old
tree but a thorough job on tree
with spread of thirty or forty feet,
is a difficult matter and requires bet
ter equipment and much more skill
on the part of the operator. We do
lot of shooting, but not enough
hitting. As a matter of fact, the
average grower uses from 90 to IS
per cent less spray liquid than is
necessary for control. A thorough
dormant spray requires more liquid
per tree than summer spray this
is particularly true Of oil. For thoro
work each limb or shoot or tree needs
to be sprayed thoroly clear across
the entire breadth and length from
at least three directions"
Armstrong suggested system of
spraying based on an equilateral tri-
angle marked off about each tree,
along the sides of which to walk as
the spray is being directed.
eff we are careful to follow the
lines" he said, "and go clear across
each side of the tree, always spray
ing at right angles to the direction
of the line, every part of that tree
will have been wet from three direc-
tions. If the tree is very large we
will have to walk toward the cen
ter of the tree near the middle OF
each side of the triangle"
| Another reason why some spraying
II