davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28
The Discussion Within the Russian Communist Party

limits Of democracy inside the Party.
The resolution Of the Central Com
mittee unanimously carried at an OPP
perfume time, afforded not the least
point Of attack for the opposition.
The opposition was therefore obliged
to seize on the decisions of the 10th
congress on Party Unity and on the
old guard of Bolshevism, who consti-
tute, so to speak, a personal guar
antee Of unity.
A victory on this question, or at
least, the winning of a concession
from the Central Committee would
have given the opposition an oppor.
tunity to begin their attack on the
economic front, in regard to the ques-
ton of relations to the Peasantry.
1t has now become clear during the
course of the debate, that the opposi-
ton was not able to develop a positive
economic program, which was consid-
cred by any great number of COM
rades as worth disputing.
Thus nine tenths of the discussion
| turns upon the question of organiza-
ton. Just this fact will render the
discussion irrelevant for the masses
of the membership. Workers Demo-
crazy with the Party was realised for
the Masses of the Party Members thru
the thesis of the Central Committee.
The discussion concerning this ques-
ton was, in it's form, its extent and
it's method a proof that all demands
for guarantees for the realization of
inner Party Democracy were ground
less. There is not perhaps a single
party nuclei in the Communist Party
of Russia, where the widest and freest
discussion was not held or will be
held. There was not a single case
where the apparatus, which formed
the butt of the opposition, has limited
the liberty Of debate. The masses
Of the party members too have like
wise not regarded inner Party Demo-
crazy as gift coming from above,
they sought and found the guarantees
for the carrying out Of the decision
above all in themselves and in the old
guard of Bolshevism which has been
well-tried in the struggle against OPP
portunism.
The demands of the opposition to
have the liberty of forming factions
was theoretically refused as threaten
ing the Party Unity. The great
mass of the party members were con-
scious of their responsibility not only
to the Russian proletariat and the
Russian peasantry, but also to the
international Communist Movement
and whole-heartedly supported the
Central Committee in this question.
The discussion showed that the col
lective judgement Of important ques-
tons of the Soviet Union and the
Party do not in any way require the
formation of factions within the
Party. The unity of a governing
Party, which is responsible in the
first place for the international rev.
olution, cannot be hazarded even for
the shortest time without the most
serious consequences.
The Party was no less unanimously
in agreement with the Central Com
mittee in the second question: the
question of the relation of the old
Bolshevist guard to the young party
generation. In the Communist Party
of Russia every current which is d.
rected against Lenin tactics meets
with the most violent opposition from
the disciples of Lenin, of the old
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

new master would take him to his
estate at once.
That evening Benjamin waited in
vain for the return of his father.
Night came. it was quite dark, and
his father did not come. BENJAMIN
sat huddled on the threshold, peering
anxiously into the darkness. The lit
tie grey dog lay near him. He was
sad and quiet, he seemed to feel that
something was wrong. At last Ben
jamin could stand it no longer, ran
crying to the hut of neighbor, and
asked about his father. The stout
Negress informed him that a strange
master had taken Tom with him that
morning; he was sold and would not
return.
ITO be continued tomorrow
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

home with his back all bloody. In
stead Of the carressing and joy to
which Benjamin was accustomed
there was a strange silence in the
house. Tom sat sadly on the ground,
sometimes stroking the woody head
Of his little son, but never speaking.
Only once in a while he would cry
out, "Hannahl", sigh deeply, while
great tears rolled down his black
face. And sometimes he would
clench his fist, looking so angry that
Benjamin took the little dog and
crawled into corner with him.
The overseer was always unsatis-
fed with Tom, he complained to the
master Of the laziness and obstinacy
of the slave. Had poor Tom known
the results of his disobedience, he
would have worked as industriously
as he used to, in spite of his anger
and unhappiness.
The rich man celebrated his birth
day. There was a great feast,
chickens and calves and la1abs were
roasted, the rich foods could smell
led all thru the house, the servants
brought countless bottles from the
wine-cellar. After supper the young
guests danced in the large hall, the
older men seated themselves at a
table and began to play cards.
The rich man had no luck, he lost
again and again, until at last his
purse was empty. zone more game"
said he to his friend who had won
all the money. eve will gamble for
my strongest and best slsse." And
he thought to himself, IF / lose
Tom, that will not be a misfortune,
for lately he is lazy and obstinate,
anyhow"
His friend agreed. The whole life
and fate of a human being depended
upon few cards, bundle of paper.
The rich man drew a card, his friend
did the same. They threw the cards
on the table. The r.cn man had lost.
When Tom came to work the fol-
loving morning, the overseer told
him to go to the house Of the rich
man, the master had sold him and his
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

N0TE-The DAILY WORKER
will publish, from day to day, in
full, the important discussion taxi
ing place with the Russian Com
munist Party that has been grossly
misrepresented by the capitalist
press. In an introduction to this
discussion, issued by the Interna-
tional Press Correspondence, it is
pointed out that this is the third
great discussion that has taken
place within the Russian Commun-
ist Party since the victory of the
workers and farmers revolution in
1917. This introduction, which
will be followed tomorrow by the
speech of Kamenev, chairman of the
Moscow Soviet, at the meeting Of
the functionaries of the Moscow
party organization, is as follows:
.
THE third great discussion since
4 the victory of the proletarian
revolution in Russia is taking place
in the Russian Communist Party.
The first discussion dealt with the
Brest-Litovsk peace, with the ques-
ton whether we should take up arms
against the German Imperialism. The
Bolsheviki were victorious in the
EARNED discussion" against the Men
sheviki and Social revolutionaries, but
they were too weak for an "armed
discussion" with German Imperial
ism" which, at that time, was still
armed to the teeth.
The second discussion in the party
took place in the year 1920 After
the victory of the Russian Workers
and Peasants in the War with En-
tente Imperialism and the inner
counter-revolution, the Russian peas
antry numbering many millions, be-
gan a discussion" on the so-called
War Communism. The debate arose
on the question of the Trade Unions.
The originators of the discussion
could not understand that the ques-
ton was identical with the problem
of the relations to the peasantry, as
was the case also with the discussion
on the Brest-Litovsk peace.
The discussion ended at the 10th
in an extensive compromise
with the peasants in the new economic
policy, as well as with the consolida-
ton of the party unity according to
the line laid down by Lenin, j. e. the
strict prohibition of any formation
of factions or groups within the
Party.
The roots of the third discussion
can be traced back to the discussions
over the Brest-Litovsk Peace and the
Trade Unions; only the number of
those comrades who fought on the
side of the opposition against Lenin's
line, has grown smaller (altho the
leading personalities of the opposition
are practically the same now as they
were during the former grouping
against Lenin's tactics). The attack
IF the opposition is directed precisely
against those principles of the Party,
which in former discussions were ac-
,epted as the decisions won by Boil
ihevism in a twenty years struggle.
As at the time of the debate re-
yarding the trade unions, so also now
n the third discussion the main ques-
ion remained in the background. The
did not rage round the new
economic policy or the relations to
he peasantry (th csc questions
seemed to play only a subordinate
-ole), but round the question of the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28
The Paris Commune
I87I-I924

March 10th, 1924 will bring with
it the commemoration for the brave
workers who rose against their OPP
pressors and established the first
Workers Dictatorship in France
ifty-threc years ago.
On this occasion the Young Work
ers League Of Chicago will hold
mass meeting to acquaint the work
ers, young and old, Of the struggles
which the Communards faced during
the Raris Commune.
Max Schachtman, Editor Of the
Young Worker, j. Louis Engdahl,
Editor of the Daily Worker, and
Robert Minor, Editor of the Liber-
ator, viii speak at the mass meeting
which will be held in Douglas Park
Auditorium on Sunday, March 18th,
at 8 p. m. Admission free.
How many of your shop-mstes read
THE DAILY WORKER. Get one of
49,. . ...l.~..k. e~I..
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28
THE LITTLE GREY DOG
By Herminia Eur Mullen.

Synopsis: Little Benjamin was
. negro slave who lived with his
mother Hannah and MS father on
southern plantation in the days
of negro slavery. He had just
saved little grey dog from being
drowned by his rich master and
was feeling happy. The daughter
Of the rich man then came down
from the northern states and
wanted her father to give her a
black slave as a servant.)
THE rich man thought while and
a said, "The young slaves that ]
own are all clumsy, incapable; the
old ones of course could not become
accustomed to living in a large city
and would be more trouble than help
to you. Whom can / give your"
He considered for a moment, Their
cried happily, "Now / know, Hannah
is just the right one for you. How
could forget her? OF course, she
has a little boy.
81 don't want him." the daughter
interrupted. "My dear little SON must
not play with a dirty Negro child
You can keep Hannah's son here"
"You are a good mother, my be-
loved child" said the rich man
moved. "You always think of your
son. Good, Benjamin shall remain
here and when you go back to the
city tomorrow, / will give you Han
nah to take along. | will Immediately
tell the overseer, so that he may tell
her to be ready"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28
CANVASSERS Will
RAISE FUNDS FOR
GERMAN WORKERS
F. S. r. Wants Volun-
teers for March 9

Volunteers for a days house-to-
house canvassing In behalf of the
starving German workers Sunday
March 8, are asked by the Friends
of Soviet Russia and Workers Ger
many. The men and women who will
give their time to the cause of their
comrades across the seas are urged
to send IN their names promptly to
the organizations Office at Room 307,
1855 Washington street.
Aid from the American workers
will not only help to keep the Ger
man workers alive, says the r. S.
r. appeal. 1t will also keep alive
their faith in the internationl revo-
lutionary movement.
Russia, Holland, France, America
and Czecho-Slovakia hastended to
give aid at the first call but in view
Of the Unreasonable need this aid
must be vastly increased. The appeal
follows, in part:
Today the metal-workers Of Ber-
I'm are on strike-tomorrow per-
haps, it will be the printers
the chemical workers. In the next
few weeks in the Reich and in the
various states, about a million civil
servants will be thrown on to the
street. On the grounds of the
Special Powers Act, the regula-
tons for the welfare of the young.
care of invalids and protection of
mothers and children are all set
aside and unemployed benefit has
been abolished. Every widening cir
cles are handed over to death by
starvation or thrust into strikes.
But if strike struggles are to have
any hope of success, then it is a
case of forward with the mass
kitchens for the strikers and their
families, with money and food
from other countries.
Do not forget the families Of
political prisoners. The bourgeois
state refuses to support them.
They also need energetic help.
The international Workers Aid
takes in all those in need so far
as its means and resources allow.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28
Mysterious Fire
SweepS the Wabash
Shops In Decatur

DECATUR, ILL.,, Feb. 27.-Fire
which swept the Wabash shops here
early today was brought under con-
troll after bitter battle by the en-
tire fire department.
Starting in the coach shops the
names consumed six buildings III the
Wabash yards including the coach
shops, two Office buildings, water sup
ply service station, blacksmith shop,
twelve passenger coaches and large
string of freight cars, at an esti-
mated loss of $250,O0O.
Cause of the blaze is undetermined.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

hatred, pointed out the political faults
Of the leaders of the opposition. At
the same time not one of the COM
rades Of the majority thought of TAX
ing advantage of these faults to rem
der the position of the leaders of the
opposition impossible, or to deprive
them Of their positions.
The Communist Party Of Russia
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

NEW York, Feb. 27.-George
Randolph Chester, novelist, known to
thousands as the author of "Get-rich-
quick Wallingford," died at his
apartment here today.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

Scarlet Fever at Springfield.
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.,, Feb. 27.-A
total Of 277 cases of Scarlet fever
was reported to the department of
health last week according to figures
made public today.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28
She win Recover.

LITCHFIELD, H., Feb. 27.-Mrs.
Maud Coss was badly burned about
the face and arms when she threw
a sack Of gun powder into the kit
chen range along with some rubbish.
She is expected to recover.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

Our Advertisers help make
this Paper possible. Patron
ize our Advertisers and tell
them you saw their AID in
The Daily Worker.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

viii emerge from this discussion, not
only richer in experience, but more
firmly united and with more closely
consolidated ranks.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

A thousand new members wanted
for the 'T-want-to-make-T THE DAILY
WORKER grow club. Write for
DAILY WORKER grow club.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28
Missouri Votes on Constitution.

VONo VII
ST. LOUIS, Mo-, Feb. 27-Missouri
voted today on II proposed amend
ments to her state constitution
drawn up by constitutional conven-
ton after two years work.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-28

How many of your shop-mates read
THE DAILY WORKER. Get one Of
ter. e, subscribe today.
, 1924-12-18
Of its kind in the world.

Of Its kind In the world.
Mr.. Gompers did not confine his
labor wholly to the trades union
movement. He shared in the dis
cussions and formal deliverances of
the National Civic Federation, and
was one of its vice presidents. He
steadily opposed the socialistic fac
ton of the labor federation, and also
the elements that would convert it
and the trades union movement into
a partisan adjunct.
He was the author of numerous
pamphlets and o few books, and was
the master of a vigorous logical
method of stating the Ease of organ
lied labor. To have retained his
place so long, with factional feeling
against him so bitter al times, was
proof of his hold he had gained on
the rank and file.
At the annual session Of the Amer
lean Federation of Labor at Ell Paso,
Tex, in November, 1924, Mr.. Comp
ers was elected president for the 43rd
time. That session was followed by
a joint meeting of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor and the Mexican
Federation Of Labor, of sessions OF
the Pan-American Federation of La
Dor and the Inauguration Of Presi-
dent Gales of Mexico, which officials
of all three organizations attended
at Mexico City.
While at the Mexican capitol, Mr..
Gompers was stricken with a recur-
renee of the ailment that had kept
him more or less an invalid for some
years. Complicated by a slight cold
and aggravated by the high altitude,
the aged labor leader was unable to
attend the closing ceremonies of the
Inauguration.
ipers was the personal friend
of six American Observation-Disclosures
ley. Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson, Harding
and Coolidge.
A SUI Of Gompers' career
shows:
Born in London January 81, 1850.
Took up fathers vocation, cigar
making, 1860.
Emigrated to America with fam
lily. 1863.
sin 'shed appreticeship and joined
the union, 1854.
tr ed Miss Sophie Julian, jan
nary 81, 1867.
nelped develop C~igarmakers In
%ternational Union, 1S67-SO.
elected president or Federation OF
Trades and Labor Unions, 1881, and
held office IA years; organization
during this period changed name to
American Federation of Labor.
Defeated for office of president OF
American Federation of Labor, 1895.
Reelected president, A. F. of L..
896.
Member of the advisory commit
tee for National Defense, 1917-1919,
Represented labor at Peace con-
, 1924-12-18

ugh representatives OF the IL
In 1881, having won standing
among the leaders of trades union
ism in New York state, Mr.. Gompers
caiied a congress of delegates to dis
cuss the possibilities of a national
organization that would meet the in
terests of the workers better than the
Knights of Labor organization was
then doing. At this meeting a gen.
eral call was issued to all labor or
CARNATIONS of the country to meet in
Pittsburgh November 10, 1881. More
than $50 delegates were present.
This meeting elected Mr.. Gompers
first vice president, and later the
chairman of the legislative commit
tee. In 1883 he was elected presi.
dent of the body, then styled the
Federation of Organized Trade and
Labor Union of the United States and
Canada. AT the meeting of this body
in Cleveland in 1887 a new similar
organization also was in session
Committees were appointed to confer
with each other, with the result that
on the third days meeting of the two
bodies they Joined hands and formed
the American Federation of Labor
,ANNt''o VIA SoAAPSio - q
unanimous vote.
From the beginning of its organ
i,ation Mr.. Gompers continued tc
fill the office OF president OF thu
American Federation OF Labor, will
the exception Of the veal 1894, wher
the socialist element in the trade,
union movement brought about hi!
defeat. The convention OF 1895 re
elected him by reclamation and con
tinued to do SO every year thereafter
For five years Mr.. Gompers con
served the growth Of the organization
while dependent on his trade for hi
living. Then he began to draw
salary of $1,000 a year. Later h
was given ampler, but never moder
ate pay. for executive labor OF a higl
grade that made the Federation on,
OF the greatest Of all organization
, 1924-12-18
ference at Versailles. 1s1s-1s19.

ference at Versailles, 191S-1919.
Represented American labor at
convention of the International Fed
Grafton of Trades Unions at Amster-
dam, 1913.
President OF International commit
tee on labor legislation at Peace con-
ference, 1919.
Wife died, May 6, 1920.
Member of Presidents unemploy-
ment conference, 1921.
Married Mrs. Gertrude Gleaves
feuscler, April 6, 1921.
, 1924-12-18

hhS 4" HAS"
LESSONS, shared with labor in honor
ing its dead chieftain. Samuel Comp
ers, at his funeral which was held his
morning.
The last wish OF the veteran labor
leader-that he die on American soil
was granted when II hours after he
returned to the United States from
hexico where he attended the Pan
American labor gathering. the aged
leader breathed his last in a hotel
in San Antonio.
Death found Sam Gompers as life
found him-a fighting man. He
never gave up. When told by his
physician that he was passing. his
jaw clenched as tightly as feeble
strength would permit. He breathed
heavier.
Mr.. Gompers last thought was Of
the American institutions he had la
bored so long to maintain. When
he was convinced he could not win
the battle he said to his nurse:
Nurse, this Is the end. God bless
our American institutions. May they
grow better day by day"
These words took his last strength
and after that he was not able to
utter a syllable. =
The great heart pulsed feebly and
soon 1t ceased its wearied work.
Mr.. Gmopers was born in London
January 81. 1850. OF Dutch-Jewish
stock. AT the age of about 10 years
he was put to work in a cigar factory.
In 1863, when 10 years Of age, he
crossed the Atlantic with his parents.
He had been in America a little more
than a year when the Cigar Makers
International union was formed and
no age limit appearing. he became
a member. Although the %organiza-
tion grew to a membership of more
than $4,000 and each member count.
ed his membership in numerical or
der. Mr.. Gompers' membership card
continued to be No. l.
, 1924-12-18

Member of Presidents Advisory
Disarmament conference. 1921.
Elected president of the Pan
American Federation of Labor. 1921.
Reelected president of the A. F.
Of L. in 1922, 1928, 1924 and for
925, also president of Pan-American
Federation.
, 1924-12-18

Miss Sadie Murphy will leave Sat
urday morning for her home in
Boulder, Montana, where she will
spend her Christmas vacation.
, 1924-12-18
GOMPERS, FEDERATION Of
LABOR PRESIDENT, DEAD
VETERAN LABOR LEADER died SATURDAY AT San
ANTONIO, TEXAS. SIMPLE CEREMONIES FEA-
TURE final TRIBUTE BODY LIES in STATE

Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation
ofLabor, died at 10 Saturday morning in San Antonio, Texas,
after an illness of several months duration. The remains were
taken to Washington, d. G. and after repoang in state in the
federation building for six hours, the body shortly after ten
o'clock Tuesday night was borne for the last time through the
portals to be started on its way to its last resting place in
Sleepy Hollow cemetery at Tarrytown, New York. The en-
tire nation, officially and through representatives of the fl
, 1924-12-18
Choice Poultry

Suppose you're looking forward to that big Christmas
dinner. And p~icturing yourself gathering round that
great spread, with everything looking so inviting. The
Riddles perhaps, shouting with glee as they watch
~father-carving knife in hand-ready to serve the
crisp, brown, juicy Turkey.
If the Turkeys from US, you're going to enjoy the
Christmas dinner Of a lifetime. For, we've got one Of
the finest lots Of young, tender select birds we ever
were able to secure.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1924-06-18
ST. PAUL LIVESTOCK

So. St. Paul, June 1s-Cattle re-
ceipts LOO Slow, steady on beef
steers and fat she-stock. Bidding
lower on yearlings; very little done
early Few sales beef steers from
$500 down to $3.50. Bulk steers and
yearlings $500 to $500. Bulk fat
she-stock $3.75 to 5000. Gamers and
cutters $3.50 to $500. Bologna bulls
$500 to $475. Stockers and feeders
in light supply. Calves receipts $500
Fully steady. Bulk best lights to
packers $3.50 to $500.
HOG receipts 1900. Averaging
around 10 cents higher. Bulk better
grades lights and butchers earl!
$500 to $7O5. One load strictly
choice 2S0-pound butchers $7l0. Pack
ing sows largely 5000 to 1928. Pigs
$5.75 to 5000.
Sheep receipts 200. Around so to
Is cents lower on lambs, about
steady on sheep. Native lambs $l4.OC
to S145O. Culls around $500. Fat
ewes to packers $500 to $500.