davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Care of Brood Sows and
PIGS During Hot Weather

After the pigs are born the SOW
should not have anything but water
for the first "a to 36 hours. For the
first feed handful of bran in lit
tie lukewarm water is good. A mix
ture of bran 10 pounds, shorts 20
pounds, ground grain 55 pounds, and
tankage 10 pounds, makes a suitable
ration for SOW in milk. In feeding
a brood SOW in milk it should be kept
in mind that her requirements are
the same as for a dairy COW in milk.
At first only light feed should be
given, as a heavy feed will unduly
stimulate the milk flow, making 1t
more than the pigs can use at first.
The ration should be increased grad
ually SO that the sow will be getting
q full feed at about the end Of two
weeks after narrowing. The appetite
of the SOW sucking good healthy
litter is a pretty safe guide to follow.
She will usually lose weight with the
best of feeding.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
SEE NEW ZEALAND
AS BADGER RIVAL

Having borrowed from Wisconsin
the Babcock test, New Zealand dairy.
men are back again TO learn, If posi-
BILE, ways to improve their marketing
methods.
A committee composed of three mem
bers Of the New Zealand dairy produce
board visited Wisconsin while on q
tour of the noted dairy centers Of the
United States, Canada and Europe
They are studying marketing methods,
as they believe that is their big prob
lem now.
The board, of which they are mem
bers has q total membership of II. Nine
Of the dozen are representatives of the
producing organizations, elected by the
co-operatives themselves; one repre-
sents the middlemen exporting con
Germs and two represent the govern
ment. This board has full authority to
formulate regulations regarding all as
poets of the export trade.
"We have long been engaged in the
cooperative manufacture of butter and
cheese said William Grounds, who Is
0he chairman of the produce board
and one of the committee. Eat present
more than three-fourths Of our cream
cries and over four-f1fths Of our cheese
factories are operated on the co-opera-
tive basis"
Their problems of production have
been solved, they think. The trip to
America and Europe is to see If bet
ter outlets can be developed for their
constantly growing surplus Of dairy
products. Only one-tenth of the butter
and cheese produced In, the province is
used there. The co-operatives are
going after their own export markets
rather than relying on the government
to do the work for them.
Sat present our butter goes chiefly
to England. where some of it is mixed
with poor grades of Russian and DAN
ish butter, thus losing it's identity"
stated Grounds. 1--WE want New Zea-
land butter to be sold as such, so that
New Zealand will get the credit for its
product"
Questioned as to New Zealand's ex-
port of dairy products, Grounds re-
piled that last year the exports
amounted to AZ, 100000 pounds of but
ter and 128,OOO,OO0 pounds of cheese.
The amount of butter exported COM
pares very closely with Wisconsin's to-
tai production of creamery butter in
1923.
When asked whether they planned
to market butter in the United States,
Grounds said: eff the people of the
United States want our dairy products
we will sell them here. We are look
ing for the best markets. New Zea-
land people are already spending hun
dreds of thousands of dollars in Amer
lea for motorcars, farm machinery and
petroleum products. Unless the Amer
lean people buy products of us in re-
turn we shall have to buy our goods
where we sell our products"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Avoid Injury in
Harvesting Seed
Most Potato Growers Do Not
Appreciate Importance
Of Proper Handling.


prepared by the United States Department
Of Agriculture.)
The average seed-pOtato grower does
not fully appreciate the Importance of
using every means to prevent injury
to the tubers from rough handling dur
ing the process of harvesting and stor-
ing, says the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture. Mechanical in
1uries to a tuber are sources for the
entrance of infection which rapidly
spreads to other tubers which come in
contact with the injured one If the
crop is grown on land which contains
many small stones the tubers are al
most certain to be more severely In
iured than when grown in sandy
loan soil. Hand digging is not al
ways feasible, but it is believed that
where small stones abound in the soil
1t will be desirable to harvest the
home seed plat by hand. Much injury
will be avoided If the seed stock de-
signed for planting the field plat for
the ensuing year is picked directly
into crates in which 1t is allowed to
remain throughout the storage period.
Proper Storage.
Storage conditions necessary to In
sure vigorous seed at planting time
are more easily provided in the North
than in the South. In the former re-
gion a well-constructed cellar, pit, or
cave serves reasonably well. The
main thing is to keep the room tenn
perature sufficiently low to retard
termination. The ideal seed tuber Is
one which has not wasted any Of Its
stored-up energy by excessive loss
through sprouting. 1t should be firm
with the first sprouts just showing.
Such tubers can be depended upon, II
suitable conditions prevail, to start
quickly when planted and to make a
vigorous growth
Plans for Seed.
The general practice among South
ern growers of securing seed from the
North involves, in the absence of suit
able storage conditions, one of two
things: Either getting the seed pota-
toes late in the fall and holding them
over in dugouts, pits, or cellars, With
consequent sprouting before planting,
or the risk of having the seed chilled,
frozen, or overheated while in transit
in midwinter. In the opinion of de-
partment authorities, the greatest
need of the large Southern truck grow
er at present is that Of suitable stor-
age facilities for handling fall ship
nnents Of seed potatoes This would
do away with the risks of nidwinter
shipment and enable them to buy seed
in the fall when the price Is usually
much below that of later shipments.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
BIG Mortality of Chicks

Poor methods of feeding and brood
ing are the chief reasons given for
the heavy mortality of chicks. In the
state of Iowa, it is said nearly one
half of the chicks Matched on farms
are never raised to maturity. Iowa
farmers are probably no more care
less in their methods of handling
chicks than farmers in other states.
This is a warning to the poultryman
who neglects to use well-balanced RAJ
lions in feeding his chicks, and watch
the temperature of the brooder
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Provide Shade for Hens
During Hot Summer DAYS

The poultry industry is being devel-.
cped in many sections where there is
very little natural shade. Summers
are long and hot and poultry is GER
tain to suffer unless adequate shade
is provided Tovovercome the absence
of trees in the poultry yards, some
plant castor beans, which grow rapidly
and produce large leaves, thus pro-
viding shade for the chickens which
they so thoroughly enjoy during the
hot hours of summer days. Others
erect low sheds, or provide shade by
stretching gunny sacks and blankets
over frames constructed for that puS
pose.
Poultry should be provided both
shade and plenty of clean fresh water.
1t is not only humane act, but will
pay in increased egg yield and more
rapid development Of young birds.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
7fIl =
Feed More Meat Scraps
and Sour Milk to Hens

The use Of more meat scraps and
sour milk in the rations for the farm
flock will help to keep up the egg pro-
duction through the hottest season OF
August and early September. The
laying hens diet to be full of all the
necessary material should consist OF
grain, mash, animal feed, mineral.
feed, and water. The grain is usually
taken care of, as is the water supply.
The difference which mash can
make in the laying is surprising, when
the mash contains besides grain an
abundance of milk and meat scrap
material. These two foods supply the
animal matter, while cracked oyster
shells or grit furnish the mineral mat
ter. Green food is essential, and If,
the flock does not have range, green
grass or weeds are specially good for
layers during the hot weather.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Only High Quality Eggs
Will Bring Top Prices

If eggs are dirty don't wash them.
because washed eggs deteriorate more
rapidly than unwashed, and detection
Of few washed eggs may cause buy
ers to penalize the entire lot.
Unusually large quantities OF
washed eggs are reported this spring,
according to the Department Of Agri-
culture. Although dirty eggs are dis
counted in price, washing eggs will
generally cause producers greater
loss.
Only clean, unwashed, high-quality
eggs bring top prices. Production OF
clean eggs is accomplished by keeping
hen house floors and nests clean, gath
ering the eggs daily AMI keeping the
laying hens during muddy weather in
dry quarters until afternoon when
most of the eggs will have been laid.
Producers will find it nor profitable
to use the soiled eggs OIL the farm,
and to market only the best quality
product, the department says.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Qualities Required by
Standard Bronze Turkey

A standard bronze turkey should be
in color a rich, lustrous hue, which
glistens in the sunlight like FURNISHED
gold. On the back each feather has
a narrow black band, which extends
across the end. The primary or fight
feathers are black or dark brown,
penciled with white or gray, the colors
changing to bronzy brown. The
wing-bows are black, with brilliant
bronze or greenish luster, wing centers
bronze, the feathers terminating with
a wide, black band. The tail Is black
and each feather is penciled with mar
row bands of light brown, ending In
broad, black band, with wide edge
of dull white or gray. The legs in
the young are usually dark or black,
changing with age to a dusky or pink
ing purple.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24


on feed. Their ration was cracked
corn, crushed oats, corn silage and
alfalfa hay with cotton-seed meal for
one lot and linseed oil meal for the
other.
Linseed Meal Made Best Gains.
The lot fed linseed oil meal out
stripped the others. They weighed
1,020.2 pounds each at the end Of the
feeding period, having gained $40
pounds. The lot getting cottonseed
only gained 321 pounds per animal.
Profits on the baby beeves varied
considerably. On the lot fed cotton
seed meal it is estimated at 1922 each.
The other lot netted nearly twice as
much, or $16.13 each. These profits,
while not unusually large, are fair
return, besides offering a sure, profit.
able market for homegrown prod
ucts, according to Fuller.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Corn Best for Silo
When It Is Glazed
Right Preservation Depends
on Packing and Moisture.

The best time to harvest corn for
the silo is when it has begun to glaze
and, If dent variety, when the dent
is well developed, according to the
New Jersey State College of Agricul-
ture. If ensiled while too green an ex-
cessive amount of acid is formed. The
proper preservation of silage depends
on firm packing and plenty of mois-
ture.
Silage made from frosted or too
greatly matured corn usually spoils
unless plenty Of water is added and
1t is we'll packed. Air pockets mean
nodded material, which is detrimental
to the health Of any animal.
Even distribution of the silage is
important in filling. This is most cas-
lily accomplished by the use Of the
jOinted pipe distributor. The silage
should be especially well packed along
the walls and If large cutter is
used, at least two men should be kept
constantly tramping over the surface.
The silage exposed at the top of
the silo will spoil. The practice of
some farmers is to SOW oats on top of
the silage so their roots will form a
nearly alright surface and prevent
deep spelling.
The use Of a silo is no longer con-
sidered experimental. It is neces-
sary part of the equipment of profit
able dairy farm, especially where corn
is grown. A few years ago cow-test-
ing association surveys in Pennsyl-
vania and New York showed that the
dairy herds fed on silage throughout
the winter averaged 20 per cent more
in production than herds which re-
ceived no silage.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Swine tuberculosis
Blamed on Poultry
Disposal of Old Fowls Will
Eliminate Danger.

prepared by the United States Department
Of Agrioulture)
In some localities poultry Is largely
among swine, according to the find
ings Of the United States Department
of Agriculture. Although scientific
and laboratory studies Of the different
types Of tuberculosis have thus far not
yielded definite information as to the
degree in which the various types Of
tubercle bacilli affect animals Of diff
ferent species, field reports show clear
ly that swine are susceptible to infec-
ton from both poultry and bovine
sources. The infection in a given To-
cality may be from either one or the
other source, or from both.
tuberculosis In fowls occurs chiefly
among the older birds, especially those
more than two years old. The most
conspicuous symptom is going light, "
meaning as the name indicates, a
rapid loss OF weight, especially the
emaciation Of the breast muscles.
Other symptoms are lameness and ruff
fled plumage. On post-mortem exam
nation tuberculous fowls usually show
whitish, grayish, or yellowish spots
on internal organs, notably the liver.
The prompt disposal of old fowls will
eliminate most Of the tuberculous in
lection, but when serious on the farm
it is advisable to dispose Of the en-
tire flock, to disinfect the poultry
houses and premises thoroughly, and
then to introduce new stock known
to be healthy. Dead fowls should be
burned or buried-never fed to hogs.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Loss in Feed Shortage

There is perhaps greater loss In
dairying through a shortage Of feed,
especially pasture, in summer than al
most any other cause. Cows do not
produce half of the milk they are cap
able of producing unless they get
sufficient feed. Where the pasture is
apt to be short, there are two crops
we like to grow as substitute for
the pasture. Oats can be cut early and
fed green in the barn, cutting it each
day as it is needed.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24

concentrates were compared as part
Of the roughage ration for fattening
two-year-old steers.
Last fall 20 head of high-grade two
year-old steers were bought on the
st. Paul market. They were divided
into lots of ten head each and put on
feed at the college. Their ration was
made up of corn, corn silage, cotton
seed meal and alfalfa or clover hay.
The steers made an average gain
Of 1913 pounds for each of the 1876
days they were on test. When put on
the market, the lot fed alfalfa weighed
1331.C pounds each, and the lot fed
clover hay, 1882 pounds.
Cost Nearly the Same.
Glover reversed last years results
and made slightly cheaper beef than
alfalfa. The cost of 100 pounds of
gain on the lot fed clover was $14.79,
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
FaIr[',n!.1IlE-In,tls'.

Sell the cockerels as fat broilers.
See that your binder is in condition
for operation.
No farmer ever made anything run
ming poorhouse for cows.
A stiff collar that doesn't fit is even
more uncomfortable on q horse than
on man.
The basis of a better country life
is a greater earning capacity OF the
average farmer.
More legumes, more feed, more live
stock, more fertility, more profit, more
country satisfaction and happiness.
In composition sudan grass is very
similar to timothy. 1t does not have
the protein content that the legume
hays have, and for thac reason cannot
be used to balance rations as can
those hays.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
To Prevent Milk Fever

To prevent milk fever the calf
should be allowed to nurse for few
days. If that is not done then the
udder should not be MIXED out clean
at first, but enough milk should be re-
moved now and then to prevent gar
get. Milk fever will also be less likely
to occur if the secretion of milk is
dried off for at least six weeks before
calving, exercise is enforced daily, the
rich feed greatly lessened, and the
bowels kept active.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Owls Much Help
to All Farmers
Birds Are Useful in Destroy
ing Moths, Caterpillars
and Other Insects.

Is It not strange that we do not see
more owls. since they are such useful
birds on the farm? / shall never forget
the first time I saw an owl; it was
exactly like bundle of soft, grayish-
white feathers, says writer in the
Montreal Family Herald and Star. AS
1t flew from the gable of the farmhouse
to a neighboring elm tree | could see
nothing but feathers, no beak or claws
or head. It aIghted on the elm branNh
and kept perfectly still, so still that
presently a little field mouse passed
that way and never knew the owl was
there, watching, till 1t found itself
whirled aloft. The owl swooped Gown
SO quickly and picked up the mouse
SO swiftly that probably the poor little
mite hardly knew anything at all about
what was happening.
Habits Of Owls.
It Is always difficult to find out any.
thing about the habits of owls; they
come out only at dusk, when it is i'm
possible to watch them, very closely,
and their eggs are generally laid in
places that are not easy to reach. 1t
happens sometimes that they come for
food near our houses, and then we may
catch sight of them and their actions.
They are very fond Of sparrows, and
when the young ones are getting ready
to leave the nest the owls will often
come and steal them. This sounds
hard for the parent birds, but it is a
good thing for the farmer, for the spar
rows are grain-eating birds, and often
do great amount Of harm.
Owls help the farmer, too, in getting
rid Of countless numbers of mice, for
they are as fond of mice as of birds.
Therefore, if an owl Is noticed haunt
ing house, especially in the country,
you may be quite sure he Is after either
sparrows or mice.
Fond Of Rats and Mice.
Owls are sometimes blamed for eat
Ing young pigeons, but 1t is more usual
ly rats that get into the pigeon cote.
IF the owls are seen near the cote 1t
Is most probable that they have seen
the rat go in and are waiting for 1t to
come out. Any owl would much prefer
fine ret for his supper to a young
pigeon, and as long as there are rats
the owls will hunt them and will gen.
orally leave the pigeons alone.
Young owls are very fond of moths,
and in this way the whole owl family
is a great help to the farmer and gar
dener. We do our best to trap the
caterpillars that destroy our flowers
and vegetables but we cannot catch
the moths that lay the eggs that turn
into these caterpillars. You can I'M
derstand how useful the owls are in
this way when you remember that an
ordinary cabbage or yellow-underwing
moth will lay about a score of eggs at
a time, and that all the caterpillars
that hatch out will grow to about an
inch long with very big appetites. Be
sides the moths. owls will eat any other
large insect they see on the wing,
especially beetles.
The commonest owl is perhaps that
known as the Brown or Tawny owl,
and the rarest the Little owl, pretty
little white and brown bird nine inches
long, that comes out in the daytime
more often than the other and larger
species.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Loss by Lightning

This is a good time to give atten-
tion to the protection of the farm
buildings against loss by lightning.
Rods properly installed afford a high
degree of protection. Rods already In
stalled should be carefully inspected
to see that all connections and joints
are in good condition, and particularly
that the ground connections are good.
Loss of stock in pastures may be re-
duced by grounding the wire fences
at corners and every 90 rods between.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Treatment for Posts

Fence posts are much. more effec-
lively treated with cresote if they are
allowed to season thoroughly before
the creosote is applied. Green tim
bers can be treated by the steaming
and vacuum pressure system Of creo-
soting; but with the ordinary hot
bath treatment, 1t is difficult to get
the creosote to penetrate to the re-
CURED distance when the wood cells
are full of sap Hence the posts
should be held until seasoned before
treating.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Value of Manure Spreader

1t takes as long to load manure
spreader as it does wagon box, but
the spreader will unload and spread
the manure in a third Of the time.
Hauling manure in a wagon box and
spreading 1t on the field with hand
fork is hard work 1t can be done
much easier with spreader and the
material is more evenly distributed.
The spreader is a useful implement
to have at any time when manure is
to be spread, but particularly so when
labor is scarce.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Cows on Sweet Clover

Until cows become used to sweet
clover pasture, you should not turn
them onto the clover while the dew is
on the clover Cows should be well
fed before they are turned into the
sweet clover. At first let them in the
clover for only a short time and each
day you can let them in longer until
they become used to 1t. In a week or
ten days there Is not much danger Of
Floating unless the cows are hungry
when turned on the Nclover.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Feed Value Of Skimnilk

One hundred pounds of skim milk
from feeding value standpoint only
are equal to about 1914 pounds Of
corn and IA pounds of tankage. How
ever, skim milk when fed, to young
animals, such as pigs, in addition to
the feed value, has other properties.
In the first place, skim milk is prod
uct manufactured by nature and is in
tended for young animals. 1t is en-
tirely digestible and contains vita
Minis that are necessary for the growth
and health of animals.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Time to Build Silo

There is always a timely warning
that can be given with regard to the
building of silos, and that is to build
so that the silo will be ready for the
corn crop in the fall when the corn
is ready. 1t is true that corn can be
put in the silo in almost any condi-
ton from the milk stage up to after
it has been cut and shocked. The
best silage, however, is from corn cut
when the ears are nicely denied and
put in the silo the second day after
cut
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
To Destroy Dock

A sure way to free meadows of
dock, If not too thick, is to take a
sharp thing spade, and when ground
is soft, go over the meadow, thrust
the spade under the roots, give a lit
tie pry, and the whole plant can be
easily pulled up roots and all. This
method Injuries the grass very little.
IF farm is badly infested with dock,
1t may be necessary to keep up a
warfare for several years, but the sue
cess will be worth all 1t costs.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-07-24
Milk Raises Land Value

According to a Carroll county bank
er, land in the dairy district around
Elizabeth, H., has increased $25 an
acre in the last decade, as result Of
farmers selling milk comparatively.
Dairymen have been selling their milk
and cream through their own organi-
cation, the Elizabeth Cooperative
creamery, for ten years, and the books
Of the concern show that the business
has increased steadily each year dur
ing the entire period.