davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Putnam patriot., 1924-09-19
D. A. R. ON PILGRIMAGE
Annual Event to Be Held Next Thurs.
 day at Union

Elizabeth Porter Putnam Chapter, D. A. R.. will go on their annual pii- grimage this year to Bald Mountain, Union, on Thursday. Sept. %, starting from Mrs. F. NJ. Warmers house. Main street, at 10 a. m. The commit tee in charge comprises Mrs. E. C. Morse, Mrs. 0mer Milot and Miss Elm ma J. Kinney. They promise an in- teresting program.
Putnam patriot., 1924-09-19

reason old residents and families of the town are especially invited, though an invitation IS extended to the gen eral public.
 The details of the program can probably be announced next week. There will be speakers and band mu- sie. the latter by the Babeoek Cornet Rand
Putnam patriot., 1924-09-19

X payment of SIP .469 to the bene- aciary of the late police captain, Remi r. Delape. a shown in the list of pay ments made by one large insurance company during 1923. A total of s9l.. GOO was paid to Putnam holders of large peIIeies.
Putnam patriot., 1924-09-19
home with them for a weeks visit.

home with them for weeks visit
 Frank Herrick is having a great deal of trouble with foxes catching his chickens. He lost twenty-five nice chickens one night.
 Mr. and Mrs. D. W. Brayton and Eleanor attended the Eastern States Exposition at Springfield. Mass. this week They also spent day at Mount Tom.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
SHOPMEN LOSE SUIT:
COMPANY "UNION"
WINS

Philadelphia-The federal circuit
court of appeals has dismissed equity
suits of several shop men against the
Pennsylvania railroad. Shopmen's
System Federation No. 80 backed
these suits that were filed as test
cases. Similar suits were filed by
the railroad clerks.
The cases involved $15,000,000 back
pay. This amount is the difference
between a wage award by the rail-
road paid under an agreement with
its hand-picked company union"
The workers did not ask that the
railroad labor boards decision be en-
forced. Their action was based on
a conspiracy to deprive them Of civil
and statutory rights, as defined in
the transportation act. This law pro-
vides that railroad employees may Sc
lect their representatives, but the
Pennsylvania railroad ignored this
setcion and organized company
union" that it recognizes in setting
wages. The court could see no con-
spiracy in this defiance of law.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25

were reduced in lumber yards, and the
association proclaimed it's purpose to
make the cuts general.
Citizens outside the labor move
ment refused to accept the new order,
and as strike talk increased, so did
protests against the ants.
The Fresno Bee called upon citizens
to be no party to a movement that
would deny workers a right that 9TH
ers enjoy.
The Fresno Republican took the
same position. collective bargaining
has arrived at place of national rec
ognition," that paper declared Men
of influence in construction the coun-
try over are for it, as well as public
lists"
This had it's effect on the union
smashers, whose plan collapsed as
citizens refused to accept chaos for
peace and order
The building craftsmen and employ
ers finally renewed their agreement,
and the valley industrial association"
is thoroughly discredited.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25

ing. The originating and dominat-
ing principle of trade unionism is
common arrangement in respect of
wages, hours, and conditions, and
this is impossible apart from the
existence of collective authority The
unofficial strike is, therefore, the first
stepping stone towards industrial
chaos, towards crashing wage rates
and lowered standards of living. So
seriously have these strikes sacrificed
the public interests, that public SYM
pathy has been alienated, and what is
even more dangerous to trade union
ism is that such strikes are antagon-
ising those workers who, understand
ing something of trade and commerce,
are not prepared to see either made
the sport of men who are seeking to
crafty personal ambitions. These
well-informed workers, who have
hitherto been the backbone of trade
unionism are becoming disgusted. If
they quit the movement all workers,
skilled and unskilled, must ultimately
suffer.
Outlaw Strikes Bring Reaction
Some of the recent unofficial
strikes of this character have been
emaples of folly and selfshness
rather than of solidarity and sym
pathy. 1t may have been the inten-
tion of those who engineered sympa-
thetic strikes to give assistance to
other sections of workers, but if their
action hurts ten times as many work
ers as it benefits, it savours very
much of the practice of cutting off
ones nose to spite ones face.
Another tragedy of the unofficial
strike as recently practiced is the
misery which is unsympathetically in
f1icted upon other trade unionists.
Some leaders of these strikes have
spoken contemptuously of the general
public. Well, ninety per cent of the
general public are workers, or the
dependents of workers, and to the
extent that these are Inconvenience
and prejudiced the unofficial strike is
anti-social. Sooner or later the pub
lie will realize the anti-social nature
Of these unofficial and so-called SYM
pathetic strikes and may then act to-
wards the strikers as drastically as
the strikers have acted against them,
because they believe that such strikes
hold up the public services and in
flict hardship upon the community
and may become an effective way Of
promoting unemployment, of dissi-
pating trade union and friendly So
ciety funds and of bringing ruin upon
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25

industries without which the people
cannot live"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
Cost Of Rock Dusting
To Prevent Mine Blasts
Very Small, Says Expert

to have rock -dusted all the bitumi-
nous coal mines of the United States
without increasing the total cost of
coal for this year.
MANY bituminous coal mining
companies in the United States in
order to keep down the coal dust are
sprinkling their mines with water at
cost that sometimes amounts to
several times as much as rock dust
ing would cost. Sprinkling is not as
dependable as rock dusting, for the
water continually evaporates, and if
sprinkling is neglected for a short
time an explosion may result. The
great difficulty Of effectually wetting
coal dust is evidenced by the fact
that enough coal dust may float on
the top of the water to cause an ex-
plosion in a mine that is wet enough
to be uncomfortable to work in"
AS told recently by International
Labor News Service, the bureau of
mines is convinced that spreading Of
coal dust explosions in mines can be
prevented by the use of rock busting.
The bureau of mines has strongly
urged the use of rock dusting and
many mines have adopted this method
of minimizing explosions. Owners of
other mines, who place profits above
safety, have failed to adopt the
method, and the bureau holds that
this failure to act has resulted in
many disastrous explosions of recent
m o0nthS
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
Outlaw Strikes Bring Disaster
To All Labor, British Unions Warn
Lower Standards OF Living Result

By International Labor News Service.
London - Unofficial or outlaw
strikes are the first steps toward in
dustrial chaos, crashing wage scales
and lowered standards of living.
This is the emphatic warning
against outlaw strikes given by the
British general federation of trade
unions, in it's twenty fifth annual re-
port, issued on behalf of the manage
ment committee by w. A. Appleton,
secretary. The report says:
"It is impossible to conclude the
report without some reference to un-
official strikes, though it is necessary
to premise any criticism of these by
declaring most emphatically that not
all the fault lies with the men. Irri-
tating and dilatory tactics on the part
of some employers accentuate amiga,
onisms that undoubtedly exist. A lit
tie more expedition, little more
frankness on the part of those who
control and direct industry, would
make the task of the official who is
really trade unionist, much lighter
than it is today.
Employers Lack Wisdom
"The general federation is compell-
ed, in fairness to the side it repre-
sents, to complain of the lack of wis
dom which has characterized the en-
ployers' methods of dealing with dis
turbing situations. 1t is necessary
because the federation has not hesi-
tated to point out how disastrously
the unofficial and ill-considered strike
must react upon the workers them.
selves.
Repeatedly during the past six
years the general federation has call.
ed attention to the dangers which
such strikes created. Unfortunately
it has, until recently, received little
but attack and opprobrium for it's en-.
deavor to save the trade union move.
ment from the disintegration which
must follow the practice of striking
regardless of rule or of agreement
Agreements Must Be Kept
"The founders of trade unions al.
ways looked upon the strike as the
last weapon, the modern protagonist
acts as if it were the first. Possibly
some of those who promote the unoffi.
cial or the so-called lightning strike
are actuated by the best motives, OF
they may be craftsmen suffering un-
,, der obvious grievances, but generally
speaking, wherever motive is dis.
cernible, it is personal or at least 6
non-trade-union motive.
"Trade unionism cannot exist apart
from trading and collective bargain
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25

speeding up of work and that this
competition was leading employers to
seek restoration of night baking,
which has been prohibited in Queens
land for nearly ten years.
After investigating the question of
the healthfulness of hot bread, T. w.
McCawley, president of the industrial
arbitration court, decided not to pro-
hibit sale of bread on the day it is
made. He held this was a matter for
the legislature to act on, saying that
the legislature may consider that the
combined effect of considerations rel
ative to public health, economical
production, the maintenance of day
baking and the avoidance of speed
ing up, may Justify prohibition of
the sale of bread on the day of bak-
ing.
Mr.. McCauley, however, upheld the
workers contention that it was de-
sirable to begin work at 3 o'clock in
the morning, when most artisans in
Queensland start work. He ordered
that work in the bakeries should be-
gin at 8, except on day in which
more than one days supply of bread
is baked He also ordered that the
maximum workday on Sunday shall
be seven hours and that the weekly
number of working hours shall be re-
duced by one.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25

BY International Labor News Service
Washington, D. C.-Employment
of rock dust in coal mines to prevent
coal dust explosions should not add
to the cost of coal, in the opinion of
George S. Rice, chief mining engineer
of the United States bureau of mines.
Mr. Rice, who has made a close
study of the cause and prevention of
coal mine explosions, both here and in
Europe, says that in England, where
some of the mines have been using
rock dust for more than ten years
and where it's use in dry mines has
been required by law since 1920, the
direct cost is not more than / cent
per ton.
1.-TWO coal mine explosions, which
have cost about million dollars each
in workmen's compensation, property
damage and other costs, have oc-
Cured in the United States since the
first of this year." Mr.. Rice con-
tinues. "Averaging the cost of these
two explosions over the approximate
ly 500,000,000 tons of bituminous coal
that will be produced this year repre-
sents an added cost of approximately
half a cent per ton that must in the
last analysis be paid by the consum-
ing public.
'In other words, the sum of money
represented by the damage occasion
ed by two mine explosions which the
use of rock dust would undoubtedly
have prevented is probably sufficient
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
UNIONS ARE
UNIQUE in HIS
TORY OF WORLD

(Ffom the Australian Worker)
In the whole range of history no
organization ever attained to endur-
ing influence and power in the affairs
of men with the sensational rapid
ity of the trade union movement.
When the days in which we live
can be surveyed from the distance
of century or SO, this fact will de-
tach itself from a chaos of events,
and stand out with a vivid distinct
ness
A most amazing phenomenon it will
appear. For trade unionism gained
its eminent place in modern life
without any advantages which might
serve to explain its success.
1t was not adopted by the autocratic
monarch in furtherance of his own
authority.
The trade union movement was not
patronized by powerful rulers. 1t did
origin
Truly astounding progress, when it
is borne in mind that little more than
half century ago the trade union
was an unlawful association, and it's
members subject to drastic penalties
as conspirators against the commun-
ity.
A wonderful destiny awaits the
working class. If only they knew it
and would speed the day!
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
Hot Bread lndigestible
Say Queensland Bakers
Who Win Change Of Hours

By International Labor News Service.
Washington, d C.-In urging a
change of working hours, union bak-
ers of the state of Queensland, Aus
talia, recently declared that the
change could be made if the delivery
of bread on the day it was manufac-
tured was prohibited. This, it was con-
tended, would be move in the inter
est of public health, as it was assert
ed that hot bread is indigestible.
The bakers were granted change
of hours, the award being made by
the court of industrial arbitration of
Queensland on application of the
Amalgamated Foodstuffs Union.
which sought to have work in baker
les begin at a. m. instead of 7 a. m.
The employers opposed the change on
the ground that hot bread, for which
there il an increasing demand in
Queensland, could not be delivered on
the day it was baked if the workers
began their daily toll at o'clock.
The workers argued that if the de-
livery of bread on the day it was bak-
ed was prohibited, work could begin
at s o'clock with advantage to the
trade and to the public. They de-
clared that hot bread, l. e., bread
consumed on the day it is baked, is
not so easily digested as older bread,
that efforts of the master bakers to
supply hot bread leads to undue
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
DOUBLE-CROSSED
Employers Win Labor Help
Then Go Back on
Promise

By International Labor News Service.
Litchfeld, Ill. = Organized labor
has been double-crossed by the Litch-
field water works, which promised
that work on a new dam would be
a union job, and sought financial sup
port from the workers. On the
strength of the company's promise,
nearly every union man bought $50
or 500 bond and the carpenters local
union took out 5000 bond The work
on the dam has now opened but the
company has gone back on it's word,
as all help is being shipped in from
out of town at 35 and 40 cents an
hour.
The experience has taught the
Litchfeld unions that it is not wise
to rely on mere promises and has
brought on increased union activity.
One result has been campaign
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
UNION ATTACK
In California Fails; Public
Aids Workers

Fresno, Cal.-This city has blocked
an attack on organized labor.
Led by the Fresno Bee and the
Fresno Republican, two daily news
papers, citizens declared that bitter
ness and loss of business has been the
net result of citizens alliance and
American plan advocates, who were
told their union-smashing policy is
wrong.
The union wrecking plan was ini-
tiated when building craftsmen failed
to renew their agreement with en-
ployers. Negotiations were not aban-
doned, but the anti-unionists, repre-
sented by the "valley industrial asso-
citation" became active. Some busi-
ness men joined the antis. Wages
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
GOLD FLOW ALARMS

New York-Officials of the federal
reserve bank system are alarmed at
the flow of gold into this country
from European marketing transac-
tions. With an increasing gold re-
serve the nations credit has been in
creased several times and this in
creases speculation, with inflated
prices. it is stated.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
which is being pushed to boom the
demand for union label goods.
HUGE TELEPHONE PROFITS

New York.-American Telephone
and Telegraph Company's profits for
the first six months of this year are
estimated at $$42, ,590,121, as compar-
ed with $40,579,4 AT for the same
period last year.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
LAWMAKERS DON'T OBEY

Philadelphia.-A committee Of the
American Bar Association criticised
members of congress because they do
not accept recommendations Of the
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25

Boston-A conference of train con-
troll experts has been called for Sep
tember "a at Swampscott to exchange
ideas and make uniform action posi-
BILE. The interstate commerce COM
mission has ordered train control in
stalled.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25

association.
"Certain politicians are not only
refusing to observe the recommends
tions of their bar associations, but
use their influence to prevent a re-
port by the judiciary committee" the
report said.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1924-07-25
EMPLOYMENT DROPS

Chicago.-A per cent drop in fac
tory employment is reported in this
state during the past three months.
1t is estimated that the unemployed
total $4,000.
CONFER ON TRAIN CONTROL
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-02
A. t. PATTERSON
 ANNOUNCES FOR
 UTILITIES BOARD
President Of Commission
 Seeks Reelection To Of- : flee He Now Occupies
ESTATE CAPITAL BUREAU)

MONTGOMERY, Ala, Feb. 1.-IeA. F. Patterson, president of the public service commission, made formal an nouncement of his candidacy for an other term, Friday afternoon. He filed his declaration with the chairman of the state executive committee as re- quired by the primary election law and with the secretary of state as required by the corrupt practice act. He named himself as the person to handle all funds to be used in the promotion, of his political interests.
 MT. Patterson was elected president of the commission four years ago by the largest majority ever given a can didate in the democratic primary up to that time. He had two opponents and his lead over the two was nearly 50,- 900. This majority was exceeded by only one person, Governok W. w. Brandon, whose majority over his one opponent two years ago was q little more than 100000. Indications are that Mir. Patterson will not have op- position.
 Many Cases Handled.
 Since Mir. Patterson came on the commlSSlon the state board has dlS- posed of practically all of the major issues regarding public utilities in Ala bama. It established a valuation on the properties of the Alabama Power company which was less by about $5,- 100000 than the tentative valuation established by the preceding commis- sion. Through informal negotiations with the Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph company it brought about substantial reductions in telephone rates. A majority of the exchanges in Alabama, through this arrangement, were returned to the rates established by the postmaster-general during the war, while reductions were made in all exchanges.
 The public service commission now has under consideration a general rate case involving transportation charges on all commodities and classes between points in Alabama. The commission has already ordered substantial changes in the rates on coal which have been accepted by the railroads and will be- come effective during the next few weeks.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-02
COMMISSION, TALKS !
 BOND ISSUE ITEMS
Hope Expressed For SeVeral
 Birmingham hmprovements

With an early mass meeting of civic organiza tions planned to review Bir- mingham's public needs and discuss the issuance of bonds, all members of the city commission were busy Friday fig uring on their pet projects and lay. ing plans to press them for favorable action. fT'% =
 That is, all but one of the :commis- sioners were doing this. w.. l.. liar rison said he would present nothing from his department but would fight for an early referendum to pass >on school bonds only.
 W. B. Cloe announced he would ask for vote on $200,OOO worth of bonds to repair fire stations and build three new ones.
 President D. E. .McLendon said he would like to submit several issues to the people along with the school bonds, including First avenue paving. a elibrarys an, incinerator system and-if the people want it. a new city hall. He moved to have the present city hall appraised by real estate men and hoped to be able in few days to get report as it's Value, 7
 w. E. Dickson wants school bonds, but he also thinks the voters should be allowed to pass ,on the proposed in- cinerator bonds.
 Mrs. Mary Echols is for the school bands and for a $750,000 issue for a
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-02
LEASE ABOLITION !
 PLANS NOT MADE
Brandon Reports Negotiations
 With Operators Still Proceeding
tSTATE CAPITAL BUREAU)

'. MONTGOMERDY, Ala, Feb. l. Both Governor w. W. Brandon and Roy l.. Nolen, member of the state board of administration, stated today that the report of beginning of the abolition of the convict lease system within week did not originate with them.
 tGovernor Brandon was advised of re- pDf$K from Birmingham to the effect that the state would begin to take over coal mines for operation within week, and stated that he has heard nothing or such a plan. The governor stated that the board of administration has not as yet reported to him as to the result of it's negotiations with opera tors looking to an agreement whereby conI jets will work in the mines under complete control of the state and G6al delivered to the companies at the sur face.
 MT. Nolen stated that mo agreement had been reached with operators on this matter. It was announced some time ago that negotiations had been started between the state and the op- orators with an agreement in view whereby coal would be delivered to the companies at the surface of the mines, the actual mining to be under entire state control. These negotiations are still pending.
 Plan Exchange Rate.
 Montgomery banks today announced that an exchange fee of not less than 10 cents will be established on all checks on banks out of Montgomery with certain exceptions named in the notice. The exchange fee will be one tenth of one per cent of the total amount involved, but no check will be handled for less than 10 cents. Banks in the following states will be affected by the order: Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia. Florida, Louisiana, Missis- sippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Oklahoma, Texas and Tennessee. Checks drawn on the following cities will not be assessed an exchange fee :: Atlanta, Augusta, Macon, Savannah, Birmingham, Mobile, Selma, Chatta- ncoga, Memphis, New Orleans and Pensacola.
 Want To Abolish Station. >
 The Western railroad today with drew A petition docketed for hearing before the Alabama Public Service com mission, seeking to abolish Cocks sta- tion in Montgomery county. At re- quest of the Louisville and Nashville railroad hearing of its petition to raise gravel rates from Montgomery to Me Gehees,, in Montgomery county, was suspended.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-02-02
SPEECHES BY RADIO

Nearly 80 local representatives of ther- Metropolitan Life Insurance com pany&will meet in the Birmingham offices of the company Saturday evening to hear by radio the. speeches, musical numbers and entertainment features to be broadcast by the home office from station WEAF, New York city, it was announced Friday night.
 The broadcast will be feature of the annual managers convention of the life insurance company. Men of na- tional prominence in the field of in- surance will speak from WEAF be- ginning at 7:3O, o'clock. President Haley Fiske and others are among the speakers, and the Metropolitan band and glee club will play for the radio.