davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Proper Time to Harvest
Sweet Glover Seed Crop

The best time for harvesting sweet
clover seed crop is when three-fourths
of the seed pods have turned dark.
It should be cut in the morning when
1t is rather tough, in order to mini
mize shattering Of the seed. 1t is adj
visable also to haul it on tight-bot-
toned racks on account of the shatter-
ing.
No machine has yet been deFel-
oped that will give absolute satisfac-
ton in harvesting sweet clover, but the
grain binder will probably do better
work than other machines. If much
Of the clover is to be handled, it will
pay to equip the binder with pans to
catch the shattered seed.
Unless the sweet clover can be
threshed within two weeks after cut
ting, stacking is advisable. The best
plan is to thresh as soon as possible
with the minimum amount Of handling,
owing to the tendency Of the seed to
shatter. A clover huller of sepa-
rator, with some adjustments, will
thresh the crop.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02

More milk at less cost by the silo
route.
Let part of the sweet clover pasture
reseed; the land and live stock both
need it.
Good pure-bred rams get the
growthy lambs that sell on early mar
ket at handsome profits.
It is excellent practice to put away,
under shelter, all farm machinery i'm
mediately after using 1t.
The farm problem is not matter
of prices, but rather the spread be-
tween prices and production costs.
Feeding cows Of any breed so that
they can exist is one thing, but feed
ing them to produce milk is entirely
another thing.
The planting of better adapted
crops and the adoption Of modern
farming methods is the most certain
mark of progressiveness.
-
Trucks are o. K, but when farm
err lets his horses or mules stand idle
and uses his truck for short hauls, he
is burning the candle at both ends.
S.
This is the time of the year for hill
selection of potato plants for seed.
Healthy, vigorous hills should be
staked, so that they may be found
easily when digging time comes. Sc
lect enough good hills TO plant a
seed plot of one or two acres next sea
son.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02

MAMMOTH BRONZE is
MOST FAVORED FOWL

The Bronze turkey Is the best all
round variety in the opinion of most
breeders, as shown by its great popu-.
larity and the wide expanse of terri. !
tory over which it is raised by the
thousands. This breed was developed
by crossing the wild North American
birds with the Black turkey. The
Black variety may refer to specimens
selected from the wild fiocks or 1t may
refer to the Blacks reared so long in
England and known as the Black Nor
folk. 1t is said that this variety has
been greatly improved by crossing
with the Mammoth Bronze.
Going still farther back e. Richard
son of California, a writer of turkey
history, says the turkey was intro
duced into England from Mexico by
Cortez and his followers, about the
year 1924, five years after the first
specimens had been sent to Spain by
the discoverer and general made ia
nous by the Conquest of Mexico"
This is from the writings of Prescott
the historian. Richardson traces the
name from the Tamil (Hindoo) word
"toka," meaning peacock" (Which
was one OF the early names given by
the Spaniards to the American bird)
to 'tukki," the Hebrew translation,
and through that channel into the
English turkey"
George Enty, describes this bird
very graphically when he says: 81
can conceive of nothing more orna-
mental, taken all in all, than stately
wild gobbler, with his beard almost
touching the turf, his widespread tail
with its black bars and rich chestnut
edging, his trailing wings, the crimson
and blue coloring of head and neck
and all the colors Of sky and sea, and
autumn leaves glistening upon each
feather-such a bird and its half
dozen mates strutting about the lawn
and shrubbery Of gentleman's
grounds Such a sight would take the
mind Of the busy~city resident back TO
his childhood on the farm; or-if SO
unfortunate as to have been born in
town-back to his fathers or mothers
childhood, as often related to him."
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Handling Clay Soils Is
Most Difficult Problem

OF all the various types Of soil to be
found, none when properly handled
are more productive than the heavy
clay. The very fineness of these soils
gives them a large water-holding ca
pacity, which will adapt them to the
production of small grains and
grasses.
The management Of these soils pre-
sents special problems for considera-
ton. Their fineness gives them a ten
dency to bake and to require more
than the usual amount of labor in Gull
tivation. The lack of sufficient sur
face or undertakings makes them
cold and wet in the spring, and when
there is a lack of vegetable or organic
matter, they are hard to work and less
productive.
One of the great drawbacks with
this type of soil is the fineness Of the
soil particles. To offset this condition,
the farm practice should be so ar
ranged that the operations will sys-
tematically open up and make these
soils more porous. Special attention
must he given to the time and type
of blowing and cultivation. Heavy
CLAW soils should be fall plowed when
the moisture content is right. If
worked when wet, they are apt to
puddle and bake While it is neces-
sary to pillow these soils deeply, the
depth should be lowered gradually.
The early working of these soils, in
the sering. is most important.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Coccidiosis Is Disease
Causing Poultry Losses

Poultry, specialists from Kansas
State Agricultural college had calls
to large number Of farms where the
growing chickens were not doing well.
The usual story is that the chicks had
started out nicely and grew we'll until
four or FIVE weeks of age. Then they
seemed to stop growing, their feath-
ers became dull and dirty, their
shanks and beaks became pale, their
combs became pale and half as large
az normal, and their bodies thin. In
some hocks almost all Of the chicks
were affected. Birds that survive are
stunted in size and very susceptible
to colds and roup.
Coccidiosis is the disease causing
the trouble. 1t is seldom found In
small fiocks where natural methods
are followed, where the chicks have
plenty of range on sodded ground, and
where their coops are kept clean. The
majority Of flocks affected have been
those raised on ground bare of tender
grass and where sanitation is not the
best.
The method Of control is In the
proper feeding and brooding with
special emphasis placed on green feed
and sanitation. Raising chicks on
ground free from contamination and
away from old hens that may be car
riers of the disease gives the best re-
suits.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02

full of moisture, rapid and thorough
drying is especially important. RapiG
drying gets the moisture out before
mold and rot have chance to get
started. Thorough drying makes it
safe from disease and cold when stored
There are number of good ways
to cure seed corn. A strong move
ment of air to carry Off the moisture
is the first essential. If the weather
is cool or damp or the corn especially
full Of moisture, artificial heat is al
most necessary, Holden believes. 1t
surely is safer.
Some large seed growers. have spe-
cial seed houses with ventilators and
heaters. When only seed for home
use is to be cured, such an expensive
arrangement is not possible. The at
tic, if well ventilated and heated by a
chimney, is a good place for small
lot. If there is a large amount of seed
to cure, small stove may be needed.
Many Schemes Used.
At least one Badger farmer has used
a spare room in the house for seed
curing. He fixed racks to hold the
corn and put in a stove. A few farm
ers dry their corn in the kitchen. The
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Profits in Spinach
Made by Fertilizing
Sweet Soil Is Necessary to
Secure Best Results.

Fall spinach, when properly fertil-
lied, has proved itself profitable crop
on many vegetable farms because it
grows well on all but the very light
and the very heavy soils, reports Fl. F..
Huber, assistant in vegetable garden
ing at the state experiment station in
New Brunswick.
For best results sweet soil is nee
essary. Unless the land has been lined
recently, one ton of hydrated lime per
acre will usually be required. Organic
matter is also essential. Hence, soil
that has been MANFRED or cover
cropped for several years is desirable
for spinach. An application of manure
plowed under just before planting will
not, however, produce best results, for
the crop is a quick grower and re-
quires it's plant food in a quickly avail
able form. One thousand to 1000
pounds of high grade fertilizer
should be applied just previous to
planting. In addition, top dressing
Of nitrate of soda at the rate of 80
pounds per acre when the plants are
two or three inches tall is often help
full in encouraging a rapid growth.
The seed for the fall crop should
be sown in 12-inch rows. Bloomsdale
or Savoy is the variety almost uni
versally used at this season of the
year. Where there is danger of loss
from yellows or mosaic the Virginia
Truck Experiment Station Disease-Re-
sistant Savoy should be planted.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Pride Helps to
Improve Cream
Creamery in Northwestern
State Resorts to Novel Way
to Reform Patrons.

prepared by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture.)
An interesting example of the use of
psychology in securing cream, of better
quality from patrons was recently OBJ
served at creamery in one of the
northwestern states. Attempts at grad
ing at the creamery met with but in
different success. The manager of this
creamery talked better quality to the
patrons, but with little effect; and even
a differential in price of to cents a
pound butterfat in favor Of sweet
cream delivered at the creamery failed
to secure the desired change in quail
ity.
Interest in Scheme.
In the fall of 1923, when the mana
ger was repainting and repairing the
creamery, he decided to paint one of
the TIRES cream watts a dark red, with
the other two watts a spotless white.
Naturally such color scheme aroused
the patrons interest. Upon inquiry
they were told that the red vat was to
be used for the sour, poor cream. They
were also informed what particular
patrons brought in the cream that was
being put into this vat. When patron
found out that his cream was being
placed in the dark-red vat and that it
was common knowledge that his cream
was of poor quality, this knowledge
acted as a spur and an incentive to try
to have his cream placed in the other
vat.
Improvement Soon Seen.
Inasmuch as only limited number
OF patrons delivered their own cream,
routes being operated to bring in the
greater number of the patrons cream
the manager carried out the idea OF
using different colored paint to reach
the route patrons. Twenty gallon jack
eted cans were being used by route
operators, so when these cans were re-
painted one can on each route was
painted bright yellow and taken on
the route each day. Naturally this
can of outstanding color caused COM
ment and inquiry, especially on the
part of the women folks, while the
hauler was weighing and sampling
cream. AS a result of this scheme the
women, who generally attended to che
cream, set about to improve the quail
ity, and often within a week cream
that formerly had arrived at the
creamery sour and in poor condition
began to arrive sweet and in good con-
ditiOn. Within two weeks rs per cent
Of all cream received at the creamery
was sweet, when before the system
was inaugurated only about 40 per
cent had been so.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02

furnace room usually makes a good
place.
When the weather is not too cold
corn may be dried satisfactorily in a
shed or the barn driveway if there
is a strong circulation of air. Corn
cured this way must be watched care
fully to be sure it dries fast and thor
oughly. Drying with artificial heat
pays best in quality and safety, Hol-
den finds Corn should never be
dried in direct sunlight.
At least twice as much corn as is
needed for planting should be setect-
ed, Holden says. This allows culling
out the poor ears and those not ger
minating well. About fifteen medium
sized ears will plant an acre.
After the seed is dried, it can be
stored. The storage place needs to
be dry and away from rats and mice.
Freezing will not hurt thoroughly dry
seed.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
GREEN COUNTY MAN
is LEADER OF NOTE

A full accounting for the builders Of
Wisconsin's agricultural greatness must
give local leaders like Marion r. Ross
of Belleville a very important place.
A simple and vivid picture of this
hardy Wisconsin pioneer and COM
munity and agricultural leader is given
in the 1924 Experiment association re-
port.
Mr.. Ross came to Green county at
the age of ten, in 1854; got practically
all his education outside of school
rooms taught for many years in his
home and nearby communities; has
been for years clerk of the Belleville
schools; and has always been boost
er for education, agriculture and bust
ness in his community and in the state.
marion f. Ross stands out especial
ly as leader in his community" de-
cIared r. A. Moore of the Wisconsin
college of Agriculture, because of mis-
unusual success in pure bred stock and
seed raising"
This modest leader in telling Of his
work says: Through the acquaintance
OF state agricultural leaders / became
Interested in breeding of high grade
horses, cows, sheep and grains-and
Mrs. Ross-in fowls. My first real sue
cess was in sheep raising. The first
car I shipped to Chicago brought so
cents more a hundred than any other
lambs sold on the market that day.
''When the college of agriculture
brought out the Golden Glow corn 1t
helped me to get my first vision of
what could be accomplished with pure
bred crops. | raised and sold the first
year over 300 bushels for seed.
"Then the college sent me my first
Silver King corn which / raised with
equal success. The pedigree rye they
sent me yielded Al bushels an acre and
the pedigree oats yielded one-third
more than the oats / had been grow
ing"
"Such leaders as this" says Moore,
make possible the dissemination of
facts concerning scientific agricul-
tural developments and improvements
among farmers. They are friends who
serve as statesmen of scientific facts on
which the, states agricultural progress
is absolutely dependent. The more
leaders like Marion f. Ross that the
state has, the greater will be it's prog
Sess in agricultural achievement"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Early Fall Flowing Best

Flowing stubble or sod land for
wheat soon after harvest, Or as soon
ms some green matter is up, is a rec
ognized and safe practice season af-
for season In some tests, an actual
difference of five bushels to the acre
have been shown, in favor of early
fau Moving. It opens the soil for
moisture during the fall and winter.
kills. weeds, makes green manure Of
the sod, makes a firmer and better
seodhed. and makes less work in the
early spring, when planting season is
on # is also best when lime is to be
annlied for the next wheat crop to
pIow early in the fall.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Mango Mites of
Hogs Cause Loss
Pest Is Most Troublesome
During Cold Months When
Hogs Are Marketed.

prepared by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture.)
Heavy losses of pork products due
to mango mites of hogs have been re-
ported lately to the United States De-
partment of Agriculture by its inspec-
tors in the Central West. In addition
TO being an irritation to hogs, result
ing in general unthriftiness, mango
mites cause meat losses running into
hundreds of thousands of dollars an
nually, according to recent information
obtained. Reports by ]. O. Wilson,
chief veterinary inspector Of the bu-
reau of animal industry stationed in
South Dakota, are now being studied
by department specialists from an eco
nomic, as well as from veterinary
standpoint. Through the courtesy of
Fl. f. Veenker, superintendent of a
large packing house in Sioux Falls, S.
D., Doctor Wilson obtained sufficient
evidence of avoidable losses to suggest
concerted action in reducing the raw
ages of the mango parasite.
Damage Vital Parts.
Fully 40 per cent of the hogs
slaughtered in South Dakota during
the winter months Of 1924 showed
evidence of the mango mites, though
only about one-half of that num-
Der were sufficiently affected as to
cause definite losses. The mango para
sites damage the hams, bacons and
picnics principally-the parts of the
hog that are of greatest value. The
pest is most troublesome during the
colder months, when most hogs are
marketed.
The damage to hog carcasses caused
by the mites assumes the form of
roughened skins and Inflammation. In
some cases the meat is entirely unfit
for food. In other instances the in
jury places the pork products from
such hogs in the lower grades, which
have a reduced market value of from
to cents. The observations made
in South Dakota are believed to be
typical of other important swine
growing states.
Loss PreventabIe.
The United States Department of
Agriculture points out that losses due
to mango mites are largely preventa-
BILE. Treatment consists in the appli-
cation of various simple remedies,
ranging from mixtures Of kerosene
and lard to specially prepared mite
control dips. The hogs may be treated
by hand application, hog oilers, spray
ing, medicat1d hog wallows, or by dip
ping. In Applying the treatment
swine owners should always treat the
entire herd, whether all animals show
infection or not. Medicated hog wal
lows are one of the most practical
means of reducing mange-mite infec-
ton, since the instinct habit of hogs
is to wallow In water. BY indicating
the water in properly constructed wal,
lows the remedies take effect with a
minimum expenditure of money, time
and labor.
Farmers Bulletin 1885, "Hog Mites
and Hog Mango" discusses practical
methods of control and eradication.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Figuring Contents
of Silo Made Easy
Simple. Table Worked Out
at Iowa College Is Good.

A simple table, worked out ct the
Iowa Agricultural college, is endorsed
as practical and good by the animal
husbandry workers at the New York
State college at Ithaca. They point
out that tables would hardly be needed
if silos contained nothing but air, or
water, or rocks, or sand. But silage
packs down., so that the higher the
silo, the greater the pressure. on the
bottom layers, which means more
pounds to the square foot at the bot
tom of the silo. Other factors, such
as time of filing and condition of corn,
also cause a variation in weight.
The following table shows the aver
age weight at various depths Of cubic
foot of silage; the first figure indicat-
ing feet and the second pounds: 1926 /,
12-271b, 1929, 16-301a, 1882, 20-337a,
22-345s, 24-36 26-37A, 28-3S 1~S,
3O-395s, 32-405s, 34-41A, 36-42as,
1914, 40-45, 42-46, 44-47, 46-4S, $3.50,
6O-54.
If a II by 4O-foot silo contained SO
feet of silage after being allowed to
settle and the exact number of tons
left in the silo is wanted, the area
would first be figured by multiplying
half the diameter multiplied by itself
times 3.1416. So 6x6x3.1416 equals
1871 square feet. The total amount of
silage was 113.1x36 or 4O71.6 cubic
feet. The amount fed off was
1191v1R or 1900 c11hic feet
From the table, the average of 36
feet of silage is 42% pounds for each
cubic foot, or total of 4O71.6x42% or
$4,000 pounds. The amount fed off,
however, averaged only 301s pounds
to cubic foot-as the table shows.
In other words, 1SO9.6x301a equals
53,175 pounds fed out. The difference
is 11S,825 pounds remaining, or ap-
proximately SO tens.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02

which is too hard to use for canning
and cure it for seed with good re-
suits. While such early picking is not
always advisable, the season alters
conditions.
Field selection insures seed from
the best stalks as well as allowing
early gathering. Ears from vigorous,
well-rooted plants are. the ones to
pick, Holden states. They should
have straight rows, uniform kernels,
be of medium size, and show the char
acters desirable for the variety.
Dry Seed Rapidly.
After the ears are husked, he
warns against leaving them in piles
or in the wagon box. The surest way
to prevent heating or mold is to put
all seed up to dry the day it is gath
cred The ears should be put on
racks or hung so that air can circu-
late freely around each one.
When seed is gathered while still
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Farm EACTS(r'

fertile soil is best, but fertile
egg will spoil.
Live stock will make the farmers
future brighter by making the soil bet
ter.
Gather eggs twice week during the
summer. The extra work will pay IN
better quality marketed.
Damage from weevil and other
stored grain insects can be prevented.
Ask your county agent how.
For real success, farming must be
recognized as mode Of life as well
as a means of making living.
It is especially necessary to make
use of the silo in a season when the
corn crop has been damaged by hail
or drought.
Hog cholera caused loss of more
than S27, 100000 to the swine industry
Of the United States during the year
ended April 80, 1924.
Il
AS animals grow older they require
increasing quantities of feed to make
hundred pounds of gain. The profit
lies in feeding earlier maturing hogs,
cattle, and sheep, and in marketing
them when they will bring the most
money for the time, labor, feed. and
capital invested.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
EARLY PICKED CORN
MAKES BEST SEED
Early Selection, Rapid Dry.
ing, Safe Storing, Insure
Badger Seed Supply.

Select seed corn early is a good rule
for Wisconsin farmers every year, and
more than ever for late season like
this one, declares e. D. Holden of the
Wisconsin college OF agriculture.
Seed selected from the field before
neavy frost hits it, even though it is
full OF moisture, and properly cured,
makes better seed than more mature
corn which has been frosted, Holden
says While corn matured on the
stalk is desirable for seed, the danger
of frost damage is more important
Corn that has begun to dent will
make satisfactory seed if it is dried
out rapidly and thoroughly. Holden
cites the. experience of canning COM
panies who often take sweet corn
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Crate Fattening Favored

If you have been keeping supply
of cockerels for table use, these VIII
be mucn improved If specially fattened
for two or three weeks before killing.
Crate fattening is simple method OF
producing remarkable improvement in
quality of flesh, and in most instances
the gains in weight secured during
the process cost less than any realized
during the growing period. If crate
fattening is not convenient, at least
shut the birds up in small pen and
feed them heavily.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Hessian Fly 1nfestation

Volunteer wheat is one of the great
est sources of Hessian fly infestation
to fall-sown wheat. Conditions that
are favorable to the termination Of
volunteer wheat are conducive also to
the early emergence of the fly. Since
this is the only food present, the flies
infest it and later broods attack the
regular crop. The destruction of all
volunteer wheat before planting is,
therefore. an important step in Hes
sian fly control.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-10-02
Cutting Soy Bean Hay

Soy beans may be cut for hay at
any time between the full bloom
stage. and the stage when the leaves
begin to turn yellow, about five weeks
later.
Yield. ease of curing. and quality of
bay will mainly determine the time
TO cut. The largest yield obtainable
At. one cutting is secured by cutting
when about one-fourth Of the leaves