davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11

is evident that people who had a
food supply that would last without
deterioration had much time for other
activities. If a group of people has to
hunt or fish whenever food is necess-
ary, almost all the time is exhausted
in this way; but if it can draw upon a
supply of corn, much of the time is
released for other purposes. More
over, the production of food necessi-
tates the manufacture of implements
to reduce the raw product to food.
The corn must be ground and a special
kind of mill must be invented upon
which it can be reduced to meal; it
must be cooked, which has led to the
manufacture of pottery ovens and
implements for that purpose. Many
of the arts peculiar to an agricultural
people or one substituting on roots,
grain or vegetables, owe their origin
to the necessity for reducing the raw
products to edible food. We find this
law well illustrated among the cliff
dwellers. Let us consider in turn
some of the arts and industries
affected, the kinds of food produced,
and the different processes involved.
First, the mill in which the corn was
ground In the great cliff houses of
the Mesa Verde National Park, in
Colorado, we find particular rooms de-
voted to this purpose.
The corn was ground on flat stone
set at an angle to the floor. This
grinding stone, which has received the
name of metate from the Mexican
word metetle, is fitted in a stone
receptacle made Of upright stones
called the metateki or metate house.
There are generally three other me-
tatelxis, the metate of which have
various degrees of fineness. The corn
is at first ground on rough metate,
generally made of some volcanic stone,
and afterwards on others of varying
degrees of fineness until it is reduced
to fine meal. Grinding of the corn is
the work of the girls or the young
women of the family, who kneel be-
fore these bins and with an oblong
flat stone or manos do the grinding.
1t is customary to grind the corn, es-
pecially in summer, in the night time,
and often as one approaches a pueblo
he will hear the girls singing, as they
grind the corn, special songs known
as grinding songs which are among
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11

the assembled clan. A corn feast fol-
lows, but before anyone eats any of
| the corn, the oldest woman of the clan,
who, in their sociological system is the
chief of the clan, takes one of these
ears and standing over the pit Raises
| it in turn to each Of the four cardinal
points, north, west, south and east,
saving prayer of thankfulness for
the bounty of the harvest. She then
hands it to the nearest person. This
act is followed by a general distrlbu-
tion of the roasting ears that are left
and a subsequent feast upon them,
generally accompanied by paper bread
and sometimes by hasty pudding and
the like foods. At the close of this
feast the corn is placed in baskets and
carried up the hill and stored away IN
the granary where it is kept corded
like cordwood until it is ground and
made into bread.
Of the many minor ways of cooking
corn there is one which is particularly
interesting from the fact that it is
the same described in the older ac-
counts of the Aztecs of Mexico, and
which appears to date long before the
Conquest. The corn meal is mixed
with water, as in previous cooking,
and spoonfuls of it tied up in pack
ages about two inches in size, the COW
ering being a corn husk, and tied to-
gether with fibre from the yucca.
These little packets of corn meal are
transferred to hot water and boiled
for a considerable time, and are then
A..Jw 49, \ r., ~ FTHLfc Ycy
favorite food on ceremonial days,
and although it has never been found
in cliff houses, packages, the contents
of which is all dried up, have fre-
quently been excavated on the floors
of some of the rooms of these vii
lagos.
1t may be asked, how is it possible
to determine the character of the food
of the prehistoric cliff dWellers from
the little data which we possess about
them? And it may be said that the
likenesses are so close between the
cliff dwellers and the modern Hopi
that we are justified in explaining the
life of the one by the customs which
have come down from the time in
which their ancestors Lived in the cliff
dwellings,.
The particular piece of paper bread
which is referred to in a former is
sue of the Journal, was found in ruin
called Oak Tree House, which is sit
uated in the Mesa Verde park not far
from the extraordinary ruin called
Sun Temple. 1t is about quarter
sheet of this material, and although
it is extremely difficult, of course, to
determine after so long a time its ex-
act constituents, everything shows
from microscopic examination that the
Identification is connect. There are,
of course, many other foods funds in
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11
ANCIENT BREADofARLZONA
By Dr. j. Walter Fewkes Director Bureau Ehnology the
Smithsonian institution Washington, D. G.
in Cliff Dwellings Afford Int,
for Smithsonian Expert

The so-called cliff dwellers, whose
remains are scattered over the south
western part Of our country, were one
of the most interesting groups of
people that inhabited the United
States before the coming of the white
people. They were not separate
race but an adaptive condition, or, in
other words, the pueblo or village
Indians, who had been forced into the
inaccessible canyons of the Rocky
Mountains by hostile people and
had constructed their houses in caves
in the cliffs. Wherever the cliff
dwellers are found, there we find
many natural caverns that man seized
upon for his habitations.
The primary object which led him
to these natural shelters was the
storage of a bulky food supply,
namely maize or Indian corn. In the
country where they are found the
winters, as rule, are severe, and it
was impossible for man to make
long journeys even if he had been
furnished with beasts of burden or
other means of transportation. The
cliff houses were originally built for
granaries for the storage of their
food and for protection, especially in
the cold weather. 1t is the purpose of
this article to give short account Of
the nature of their food and its prep
aration.
The main food Of the cliff dwellers
was the Indian corn, cereal that is
generally supposed to have originated
in old Mexico It was originally a
grass, which, through the cultivation
by man, had developed the characters
and size it has fitting for human food.
This corn demands considerable prep
aration before it can be eaten. It has
the advantage of not deteriorating by
lapse of time, and can be stored and
used when needed; but with the ex-
ception of green corn it must first be
reduced to meal, and the work of
reducing it to meal developed a mill
for that purpose. The preparation Of
meal naturally fell upon the Indian
woman, who was cook and house
keeper.
The advantages of having ready
supply of food that can be used when
needed are many, and the influences
ready food has on the elevation of
people above savages are many. 1t
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11
MUCH AGAINST LITTLE

Leonard Bacon, who was one of the
best known theologians in New Eng
land half century ago, was attend
ing a conference, and some assertions
he made in his address were vehem-
emily objected to by member of the
opposition. "Why," he expostulated,
II never heard of such thing in all
my life"
Mr.. Moderator" rejoined Bacon
calmly, II can not allow my oppon-
ent's ignorance, however vast, to off
set my knowledge, however small"
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11

jars on the floors of cliff dwellers'
rooms and we know their dietary was
not alon corn products. We find bean,
squash and pumpkin seeds and great
variety of animal bones in receptacles,
showing that the cliff dwellers had a
large variety of animal as well as veg
etable foods. Most of their food was
corn, a plant which America gave to
the world, and which saved both the
jamestown and Plymouth colonies
from starvation in colonial days.
Give The Sun your Job Printing.
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11
PREPAREDNESS

Sealed bids will be received by the
Commissioner of Purchase of the City
of New York on Thursday, February
28, 1924, for furnishing and deliver
ing kindling wood to the fire depart
ment.-Adv.
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11
PRINCESS TSIANINA

Foremost American Indian singer whose life story the
theme of Mr.. Cadmans OPERA The Robin Woman, produced
for by the Metropolitan Opera company of New
York and conceded be the first successful American grand
opera. Princess Tsanna singing Mr.. Cadmans songs with
Mr.. Cadman at the piano.
The Coconino sun., 1924-04-11

The fame Of these peope-Skovgaard and Cadman
their appearance in city small at Flagstaff
fame, growing is, makes it impossible that shall
able to hear them again except in the larger cities
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
FASHION FADS
AND FANCIES
BY Mildred Ash

A TRIUMPH in versatility is
IA the scarf, which has so
"A many moods and interpreted
tions that it is equally at home on
the athletic. field, on the boule-
wards and in the drawingroom.
There are really three types of
scarfs today-the separate wooden
or silk scarf for sports wear, the
scarf that matches the gown and
yet can be worn apart from it
and the scarf collar or throw that
is an inseparable part Of the
frockcoat or cape to which it is
securely attached.
Striped satin slippers in evening
and in street styles are cut so
that the stripes meet in herring
bone points at the front. Named
''Pointex," this grade of satin is
warranted not to split, even when
given the hardest possible wear.
But as Indigo" is now quoted
'blue as powder" for Poudre blue
outrivals this popular rust and
green tones for wooden fabrics for
spring. 1t is featured in plain
coatings and suitings as well as
in the novelty mixtures, where it
is combined with other shades.
More style than warmth is given
by the light, fluffy evening capes
of chiffon or satin that are now
so popular at the Florida resorts.
Trimmed in deep silk fringe, fur
or ostrich banding, they are de-
veloped in the light tones that har.
monte with the frocks over which
they are worn.
Savings for rainy day and then
buying one Of the striking, new
la Deauville" umbrellas is be.
ing done by many stylish woman
who appreciates the smartness Of
a plaid silk umbrella. With very
heavy shanks, and nine ribs that
are tipped in gayly-colored little
balls, their carved handles are OF
wood or bakelite. Many Of the
handles represent animal heads.
Completing the suede complex
tailored hats follow gloves and
shoes in choosing to be made en-.
tirely of suede. Self-trimmed in
cut-work or in flowers, appliques,
lacings, strappings or twisted band.
ings of the same color.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19

; showing his terrible teeth, was a
huge tiger!
Now, as you know, I never kill
an animal, but 1 thought as
drew my revolver out of my hip
pocket that would have to-but
even then, with my Bobby's life
depending on the kind buffaloes,
it made me feel bad to think Of
killing the tiger, because he could
not help wanting to eat up a little
boy. 1t was simply his nature.
He was born that way and didn't
know any better.
So decided to brighten the
tiger if l could and scare him
away without taking his life. So
shot low on the ground right
in front of him. Whew! What
a howl he let out and how he did
run, away! He looked for all the
world like a big pussy cat run.
ming away from a dog.
THANK goodness gasped Bunny
as we saw his tail disappear into
the thicket.
YES" said /, running to meet
Bobby, who had broken through
the line of defense which the but.
faloes had made.
"Oh, Foxy Grahdpa" Bobby
sobbed, throwing himself into my
arms. What would ever have
done without those big buffaloes?"
"They saved your life, Bobby"
I answered.
I'm a lucky fellow" murmured
Bobby. Suppose they had been
animals that didn't like little
boys?"
We'll, they did," said 1. "And
that's another reason why we
shall always try to be as kind to
animals as we know how. You
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
WHEN DID 1T
HAPPEN?

when was Maryland first
settled?
2.-When did Ptolemy, the fa-
nous ancient mapmaker, flourish?
S.-When was Roger williams
banished from Massachusetts?
4.--When did Calico discover
the laws Of the pendulum?
5.-When was the second Hague
peace conference held?
ANSWERS to these queries will
be printed tomorrow
ANSWERS
To Yesterdays Questions.
New England was so named
by John Smith in 1914.
a. The famous philosopher.
Duns Scotus, lived in the thir-
teentf1 century.
3.-L'Abbaye, the famous French
military prison, was built in 1922.
4.-The University of Aberdeen,
Scotland, was founded in 1494.
5.-Abomey, the capital of Da-
honey, Africa, was captured by
the French in November, 1892.
Copyright, 1924, by King Features
Syndicate, Incl
-.----------------
If cloth is placed over a
basin of freshly-made starch, no
skin viii; form on the top.
y 4 4
A few drops of lemon juice
rubbed briskly on black or brown
shoes gives a brilliant polish.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
HAS A TREE A SOUL?

Has a tree a soul? Has it a
personality? These apparently alb
surd questions are provoked by
Sir j. C. Bose's recent lecture in
London to the Royal Society Of
Medicine on the heartbeats of
the tree.
His experiments show that a
definite active tissue extends
through every tree. The cellular
pulsations of this tissue in regu-
lar sequence by their pumping
action cause the movement Of the
sap. When these pulsations are
arrested they can be revived by
drugs. by blows, or by massage.
In Bengal the sugarcanes are ac-
tually MIXED.
The pulsation of the cell is
ultra microscopic, but Sir J. c.
Bose has detected it by his elec-
trio probe in circuit with a re-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19

~ Il NA~~ASA3 A|NN~S
" asked one day while
we were out in the
central part of the great island
Of the Orient, Sumatra.
HE must be playing with the
native boys that tend the buff
faloes," replied Bunny.
Now you know in Sumatra and
many islands of the East, water
buffaloes are most useful animals.
After while I said to Bunny:
Bunny, Bobby's been gone a
very long time. Would you mind
running down to the corral to see
If he is there?"
Fright away" responded Bunny
promptly, and off he hoped
But soon he returned and ex-
claimed in surprise:
Hes not there, Foxy Grandpa,
and neither are the buffaloes, but
all Of the boys are"
That's strange" 1 pondered.
Where could he be?"
/ got up quickly and walked
down to the corral. There l met
a native who understood English,
so I asked him where Bobby and
the herd Of buffaloes were and he
pointed off across a big field.
tell you it did not take Bunny
and me long to walk across the
field and through the wood be.
yond-but what a shock I had
when we came out into the open.
shall never forget it if live to
be a hundred. Because there,
right in the middle Of the field,
were the buffaloes standing in
perfect circle with their horns
pointed angrily toward the ground.
Inside Of the circle which they
made was my poor little Bobby
CHASTITY white with fear. And
prowling around, growing and
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
ADVERTISEMENT
MUDDY" LOOKING
SKIN IS CAUSED
BY CLOCCED PORES
''Through the eyes, the robber Love'
Steals IN, and takes the heart: By
:. = surprise "a. ..
Omar KhGyuGnt,

Not so long ago a renowned skin
authority despairingly said, "Show
me a person who has ugly black.
heads in their face and neck, and
their skin looks muddy and I'll
show you one who is either care
less or lazy. Such people simply
wash with soap and water, and
think they are getting their face,
neck, arms and hands clean, when
they are only cleaning the surface.
Soap and water won't get into the
pores and glands and clean out the
accumulation of. dust and grease
It takes a cleansing cream like that
which bears the Black and White
label"
The reason for this statement is
that Black and White Cleansing
Cream has proven it's merit beyond
any question or doubt, in serving
the purpose of keeping the tiny
pores and glands of exposed skin
clean of all Instructions to their
natural function of necessary per-
spiration which carries off impuri.
ties from tine system. When this
Is interfered with the accumulation
in the pores from within and with
out causes blackheads, and a
t'dingy" looking skin.
Only the enormous production of
the famous Black and White Beauty
Creations makes it possible for your
dealer to sell you Black and White
Cleansing Cream at Csc. and Soc;
Black and White Peroxide Cream
q 25c; Face Powder at Csc and
. soc; Rouge, Csc; Cold Cream at
Csc and SOC, etc
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
Read This Entertaining Serial in Which
the Author Has Woven Thrilling
Romance of the Problems of
Married Life. 81.

But, before I could say more. my
: desk telephone rang. And over
!. the wire came the announcement
. from, WAITER my odd little office
boy: - ,,.
4 Mr. Lacy is here and must see
you Dit once. :. It is most particu-.
lar" - NJ
PLEASE tell Mr.. Lacy III see
him shortly. |" I said, and hung up
the receiver.
AT once Irma got to'her feet.
"Mr. Lacy probably has Inn
portant business to talk over or
he would have walked right in"
she said sanely. "He probably
had himself announced SO I'd un-
derstand and make way. for him.
He's always been so friendly to
me that he probably expects me
to behave nicely now"
couldn't help laughing.
BLESS your heart! You have
more practical common sense
than most men. I hope it will
keep you from sentimenta1izing
a situation that needs your best
judgment just as business would"
Irma's eyes met mine. She
smiled and held out her hand. I
walked over to the door with her,
and as she went through the
outer office Ralph went forward,
shook hands with her cordially
and then came into. my officeA
His face was unusually grave as
he took my hand and gave it
short, quick pressure.
Then, without wasting any
time, Ralph said with a terseness
that was almost grim:
Anne, we've got some enemies
who don't care what miserable
tricks they play! 1t strikes me
We'll have to slow up the search
for Neal and concentrate all our
energy trying to find who's back
of the gang that's surrounding the
boy. I've brought you a letter to
read: want you to read it, re-
nembering every minute of the
time that it was meant to terrify
you and that the best way to upset
your enemy's calculations is not to
take contemplate anonymous
communication seriously"
"Let me see the letter, Ralph"
I said as steadily as I could man.
age.
Remember, it's meant to
brighten you. It is part of a
dirty plot" said Ralph grimly.
Then he gave me an envelope
addressed to him in black type
and bearing the postmark of a
distant city. With fingers that
trembled in spite of me 1 opened
it and extracted a sheet of plain
white paper. This, too, was type
written and without any saluta-
ton. With blurring eyes 1 read:
Maybe you'll have sense
enough to believe a good friend
who wants to save you from
wasting lot Of time and money
and getting yourself into a peck
OF trouble. To give up the search
for the Hyland boy is the only
thing for you and a certain lady
to do. 1t will not pay you to go
on. 1t may cause you to find
yourself beset by grave dangers.
Ii certain people knew I was
writing this my life wouldn't be
a good insurance risk. There are
interests which cannot afford to
have too much known. But one
thing I must say. And it will
cause you to stop looking for
what can never be found. Do not
court violence. You cannot find
what does not any longer exist.
Tell his sister that Neal Hyland
f, is
Dead"
TO BE Continued Tonov,rovv
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19

cording galvanometer. Any agent
which quickens the heart beat of
the animal also quickens the
heartbeat of the tree. The. life
Of the tree is as wonderful as
the life OF man.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19

If a cloth is placed over a
basin of freshly-made starch, no
skin viii; form on the top.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
By Ann Lisle,
Whose Serials OF Married Life
!, Have Won a Big Popular
Success.
Copyright, 1924, King Features
Syndicate, Inc.

OyuOIcat0p Inc
E<VXY OULDN'T you be true
!" to your plighted word
at any cost? She
= asked. you are. I've seen it.
Both Of us were happy yester-
day.
But neither you nor had a
right to that day. Our happiness
was stolen"--
With my brain whirling I
leaned. forward, hoping that I
could find the right word to say
to the girl who needed so to
hear the truth.
"Irma, there is only one man
in the world for. me-" 1 managed
to say at last, after whipping my
self furiously to meet the need of
the white-faced girl who had come
to my office for help in what /
felt was the great decision of her
life.a ''I love Jim. But his in
! terests run along lines mine
scarcely even parallel. And he
likes my having friends who will
I, keep me busy so 1 won't be
lonely when he is occupied.
'If we didn't have a tremend-
Gus and sometimes overwhelm-
ing love, Jim and 1 would have
. bad time Of it just because we
haven't enough outside things in
common. But, il you were to
marry a man you don't love and
with, whom ydt have neither in
! terest nor Ideals in common, what
chance -.
I caught myself up. Interior.
ing, again.
Irma smiled at me. There was
u hint of sadness in her expires.
sion. But she spoke with touch
Of spirit.
1.-THE thing to do is to get
ideals in common. If a woman
has once loved man enough to
write a letter such as sent Tom,
she mustn't let every attraction
or infatuation-mean something
to her."
II want to stick to my IDEALS"
1rma explained pathetically. st
want to be worthy Of my best be-
liefs. I believe in first love-. I
cared for Tom from the first.
But we're living in such a queer
world. Fine women love one man
and yet like to be with another.
I know it's all right, Anne, or
you wouldn't do it. It must be
all right because everyone's like
that. But I can't be like that.
Tom is the man I must love-
he's the first man I've ever
loved-the first to-kiss me. 1
don't want to lose hold. Every
thing whirls so nowadays. There's
nothing to anchor folks. Anne,
you mustn't be hurt-about your
friends, mean. But don't
want to see Peter Stanley
"Irmai Are you fair-or wise?"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
BOBBY HAS NARROW ESCAPE IN SUMATRA

<<KXYHERE is Bobby"
asked one day while
we were out in the
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19

until the ushers and the best gathered together
brought him thther. - @
To watch him tumble for the wedding rg-and
Yea verify.
weddeth, him depart
mornng-and wait for his return
midnight
the grow
for him to finish cleaning his testing his golf clubs winding
his fishing tackle
To watch him repast-and wait dgested
before she speaketh Of that which is in her heart.
To wedding anniversaries
oh, WAT!-for a sign sentiment, recollection
jublation thereat from her Beloved
Verify, verify prima donnas understudy butler
party, all the days of her life,
Waiter!
SELAH!
Copyrgh Syndica IncJ
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19

never know when one will prove
your friend"
Copyright, 1924, by International
Feature Service, Incl
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19
BY Helen Rowland

" ERlLY verify my Daughter as cat before
= so is woman all the days of her life.
full Wating!" -, -
Behold before she weddeth destiny to watch through
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1924-02-19

VIZ 1UI C0IIIlLg1 anu WaIC
surprise"
To watch for the first sign of sentimental in
terest in his eyes-and to wait for some token
thereof.
To watch him "wake" up to Love-and to wait
for him to ADMIT it.
To watch him retreat in alright at his dis
coyery-and to wait for him to "come back"
To watch him become "wise" that he is en-
tangled beyond escape-and to wait for him to
cease struggling against fate
To watch him while he finisheth "playing
around"-and to wait until he hath written
"selah" after his last filtration.
To watch him say farewell to liberty and the
lpurSut of hanninesS-and tn wait Of +ho ola,,nol