Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1924-09-19
SCIENCE HELD KEY
T0PLENTY FOR ALL
Savants Can Serve Men Bet.
ter Than Labor Unions,
Says College Professor.
Ev the Associated Press.

Jv the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, September -
Defining the fifth estate that |
small company upon whose creative !
effort the world depends for the ad- |
Nancement of science" DR.. Arthur II. !
Little of Cambridge, Mass, declared
in an address prepared for delivery |
today before the scientists attending
the centenary celebration of the
Franklin Institute that the knowl- |
edge, vision and open mind possessed
by members of the fifth estate should |
he brought to bear in the formula
ton of national policies and the solu-
tion of governmental problems.
Our countrymen may we'll con-
slider" he said, whether they prefer
participation in Government by the
fifth estate for the benefit of all. or
control of Government by labor
unions in the interests of labor. Could
the springs of human conduct and the
affairs of peoples now be regulated
only as wisely as we know how,
there would be work and leisure and
decent living for all.
Ideal state Foreseen.
The criminal. the defective. the
feebleminded would be breeded out
and sane minds and sound bodies
breeded in. The loss and suffering
from preventable diseases and acct
dents would not be tolerated. plan
ming would replace laisses- faire de-
velopment,. production and dstribu
ton would attain to levels of ettici
ency altogether new, and many in
justices now existent in human rela-
tons would well-nigh disappear.
With the reaction OF "A freed intel
Gsence politics. religion and
morals. we might hope for broader
tolerance. a better mutual under
n irty rIa Dc
new tolerance. IA new understanding
and appreciation of the knowledge
now at hand. For these it can look
nowhere with such confidence as to
the members of the fifth estate
plea for international accord
among scientists and high tribute to
the memory of Benjamin Franklin
marked the address yesterday Of Dr.
Fritz Haber. famous German chemist
Took NitrateS From Air.
Prof. Haber was the diScoverer of
the process of extracting nitrateS
from the air that enabled the Ger
mans to manufacture high explosives
after the allied forces had cut them
off from imports of Chilean nitrate in
the world war.
There are two demands that must
b. satisfied to bring about CONNER
cial peace" Prof Haber said. We
must have greater and cheaper pro-
duction of goods and we must have
new creed which will discourage
production for personal gain and
bring about greater cooperation.
The progress of the natural sciences.
h. declared offers greater promise
for lettering social conditions than
any other factor.
The old conception of the center
of the earth as a molten mass of
fierce heat was set aside by DR.. Ar
Ihnr I, Day in address before l.
other sectional meeting of the sci
entistS He declared the eruptions of
volcanoes were brought about by the
birth of rock" in the earth's inte-
rior.
Cases Are Forced Out.
Every time a rock is born, he
said, through the disqualification Of
hot. pasty material. gases and 9TH
er volatile substances are expelled.
As these are pushed through the mass
heat is generated and the reaction is
completed when the substance
energies through the earth's crust of
molten lava at an exceedingly high
temperature.
..The earth itself has rigidity of
nickeled steel. otherwise it couldn' t
Withstand the tremendous stresses of
chemical reactions"
Secrets of the atom will soon be
revealed to the world by means OF
spectrosicopy, Prof. Charles Fraby of
the University of Paris told the dele
gates.
Sees Mastery of Matter.
Sir William Henry Bragg of the
Royal Institute of London and win
ner of the Nobel Prize for his work
in the study of crystals with the Y
ray, declared that through recent in
vestigation of the atom modern Sci
ence had been revolutioniZed.
I'VE stand on the threshold of d
new world, to be transformed by an
entirely new. conception of matter
said Sir William. 1t is almost as
though we were given the science OF
chemistry and physics for the frs
time. In our new conception of the
atom, as a particle that can be trans
muted and disintegrated into cleo
irons, we have been given, rather sud
denly, the power to make man the
master over matter.