davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-04-19
The Economic Condition Of the LandeSS Farmers in the u S

habitation. He is constantly on the
move from place to place, cultivating
one farm after another on halves"
He supplies nothing except his labor
and that of his wife and children.
For years and years he was produc-
ing cotton ION a pauper level at a
pauper daily wage" The "cropper"
is the man whom God forgot"
The condition Of the renter is not
any better. In Texas and Oklahoma
the conditions are unusually severe.
In the former state, the one-crop and
the chattel mortgage system works
great hardships on the renter. Zone
crop and chattel mortgage on it,
and on the property used in produc-
ing it, hold thousands of tenants in
economic bondage" In Oklahoma,
tenancy is about as intensive as in
any part of the Union. The leases are
usually drawn in favor of the land
lords; rents are high and evictions
are a frequent occurrence.
"Framing-Up" Tenants.
The laws have been changed SO
that justices Of the peace, before
whom eviction cases are tried, are
elected by 'electric-light cities" in
which the landlords live. The land
lords control the elections of the
justices and the cases are decided in
favor Of the landlords. The juries
before whom many of the tenant
cases are brought are selected from
the non-renting class, renters being
quite effectually excluded.
Again practically all renters are
burdened with chattel mortgages as
sumed to carry them thru the season.
I'm the case Of many renters who are
close to bankruptcy, the landlords,
bankers, ETC., force or weedle them
into auction sales, the goods being
frequently bought in to the great dis
advantage of the renter"
Some large estates, such as the
Scully farms in Illinois, Kansas and
Nebraska impose rack-renting condi-
tons on the tenants. Vim. Scully
paid about rs cents an acre for farm
land when land was cheap in Illinois.
He rented it to tenant-farmers at 81
an acre on condition that they would
build good houses and barns at their
own expense. The contracts were
mostly for year at time, but with
, 1924-07-11

ceiving warning Of storms should listen
in at 9 am, 3 pm. and 9 pm.
This service is purely voluntary on the
part of The Radio Corporation and at
considerable trouble and expense 10 them
and performed as a public service. 1t
is Urgently requested that each interest
ed person who receives any information
or warning issued by the Weather Ru-
reau by means ofthe broadcast N.k.A.Q.
will report the fact promptly TO the
Official H. Charge, Weather Bureau Cfhce,
SIN Juan, P. r. Only in this way cen
the value of the service be demonstrated
ard its continuance ASSURED.
The Broadcast by y. S. Naval Radlo
at 10 D.. m. of the Weather Bureau buIIe-
tin will he resumed en- July / On wave
jfrprh 1875 meters, the preliminary
caII heirq made on wave length 600 ne
ters At .. m, the sane bulletin IS
sent from San Juan to Guantanlmo on
wave length 5169 M. This broaeccasl is
in figure code tof the Observations re-
ported followed by The Weather sumna-
nv ard forecast in plain English.
ANY person interested in receiving this
broadcast by Navel Radio may obtain
without cCst a copy OF the bulletin giving
he meerirg If the coded reports by max
irQ a REQUEST to II is Cl11ce or 10 ne
Chef u. S. Weather Bureau, Washing
tor, D. c.
, 1924-07-11

Mexico City July 7th-Mr. Warren, the
United States Ambassador, has present
ed 80 the Mexican Government a note
containing the information that the Uni
led states Government has been reques-
led Iy Great Britain TO use lis CtIeeS ~
heh3If OF British interests and SUBJECTS
!, Mexico, but no reply has yet been re
81 gan Francisco, CAL, July 8h.-Seven
R.iT.sh battle craft, the frs, large Brit
;Sh SQUADRON to enter a iI0ited States
mort for forty years, steamed through
The Golden Gates yesterday, to pay a
visit to the United States on the way
Enmo from a tour of the British D0mi-
riors the world over, They were head
ad nv the battle cruiser Hood, " the
~n5iohJipst of all fighting craft atloat. As
tba sonadron entered ths bay the Hood
fred a national salute of Il guns, to
mbicb Fort Scott replied. Vice Admiral
Cir Frederick Field, commanding the
San1drcr. sent the following message to
tGe Associated Press for the peorIe Of
90. .ES fInifod States: Aboard H. NJ. S.
"Hood". San Francisco, July 7th 1924.
On entering the Golden Gates desire
On behalf Of the British Special Service
Sonadron. to send beartiest greetings to
~ neopje of the United States. A
nroorsmme Of entertainment has been
a pnUS for the personnel Of the squad
~1n during its three day stay IN this
port. o. rrn;t,d p,oss
, 1924-07-11

Worn GU and i'll of bronchitis, the
Prime Minister went to Paris today to
attempt a reconciliation with France
over the matter of the Expert Report
and the proposed inter. Allied Confer
erce. Il am really unfs to ~traNel,
the Premier ted newspaper men. Mr..
Mac Donald Was accompanied ~ Sir
K. Grove and two personal secretaries.
Buenos Aires, Jolly 8th.-An army OF
3,0CO men CONF osed Of Sanpau,o state
forces, together with some federal
troops, are marching toward Rio janet
70, according to reports gathered by a
correspondent cf La Nacion, who las
returned to The Argentine border after
a trip into Southern Brazil. Jn general
the aeWs frCm Brazil concerning the
SanpauI0 insurrecgion contains VAGUE
and conflicting statements out suifcl-
ent las been learned to leave htlle
doubt hat the movement is of a tOtmld-
able c0aractpr politically and IS aimed
at the Federal Government. The re-
port concerning the movement IN the
direction of Rio dc Jaaelro lacks corroh.
Grafton bat OWING to the strictncss OF
the censorship il is impossible to learn
accurately what ]. occurring.
Lou5gn, July Slh The long silence
regarding The Are.o-Russjan ne otia-
tious. which was beginning to be regard
ed in some quarters IS omirC1s, was
partly broken in 3he House of Commons
debate asst night when Sir Arthur Matt
land complained that the Government
had .aied 10 fulfil It's promise to keep
Parliament informed of The march OF
events. In reply, Hr. Arthur ~Ponsonhy,
Under Secretary of Foreign Affairs, SAID
he hoped to submit to The House the
outcome Of the conference with Russia
before the sammer recess. 1t would, he
said, be difficult to deal with the matter
at the present critical stage. Tie VaIl-
Gus ateads were being picked ZIP and
an effort was being made to come 70 an
agreement. Old treaties wiki Russia
were being revised and would soon be
ready for signature. Referring to the
Soviet press attacks, Mr.. Ponso0by de-
cIarel that the B)Ishevlks were more
afraid Of the Labor Party as a buiWaTK
against Communism than they were
afraid of the Conservative Party Chiefs
and Iaughter greeted this remark.
NaY York, July s h.-Ihe raw SUGAR
market was easier TO-DAY. An early sale
OF 5000 bags OF Cutan 20 a New Or
leans rei0er for Ju.y shipment was
made at 5 Il, duty paid. Later 5000
bays Porto Ricans were sod to a local
retiner for prompt clearance at 5.l5, eli,
hrinu.nU The Sp0t urirp down TO this
, 1924-07-11

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Evening star., 1924-10-06
CARE OF UNIVERSAL.
Important Feature Otter Neglect
ed, Causing Trouble.

There are few vital parts of car
which are subjected to so many ele-
ments that tend to lessen It's eff
cheney, and possibly no unit that is
more neglected, than the universal
joint, due perhaps to it's inconvenient-
ly accessible position, a general mis-
understanding Of its vital functions
and the service demanded Of it. The
metallic type should have careful at
tention both as to inspection and lu-
brication. The general practice is to
recommend fabrication and inspection
every week or every thousand miles.
In some cases semi-fluid grease is
recommended, while in others oil is
used. About two-thirds full is the
proper quantity to apply, for any in
excess of this is thrown out, due to
the action of the joints. The CEN
trifugal force actuated by the spin
ming unit has a tendency to throw
the lubricant away from the bearing
surfaces and through the recess in
the cover. Every 5000 miles drain
the lubricant, force a little kerosene
into the housing with an oil gun to
wash out the old lubricant, drain and
then replenish with fresh lubricant.
Use only the best quality of lubri-
cants, and when grease is used, a
little oil should first be introduced
as this has a tendency to establish
fabrication so that when the grease
thins down it will find its way into
the bearings.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
COLOMBIA IN fine
FINANCIAL SHAPE
Princeton Professors Fiscal Plans
Are Proving Marked
Success.

A marked improvement in the
economic situation of Colombia is
indicated in the message of the presi-
dent of the republic. Gen. Pedro mel
Ospina, delivered at the opening ses-
sion of the National Congress. The
foreign trade of the country, which
in 1922 amounted to $97,964,355, rose
to $124,01S,752 in 1928. The revenues
of the republic in 1923 amounted to
$33,315,1O4, and expenditures to $24,-
650,540, leaving a balance Of 38.664,-
564. These figures do not include the
$5,00O,00O received annually by
Colombia from the United States by
virtue of the treaty between the two
Governments, which sum is being de-
voted to the construction of certain
railroad lines.
Colombia, according to the Pan
American Union, enjoys the distinc-
tion held by but few nations of pos
sessing a currency that is quoted
virtually at par with the dollar.
Referring in his message to the ex-
cellent financial situation of the
country during the past year, the
president stated that this was due in
large part to the laws passed by
Congress to carry out the projects for
fiscal organization presented by the
financial mission under Prof. Kem-
merer of Princeton University.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
MARYLAND FARMERS
ARE HOLDING WHEAT
Hope for Still Better Prices Later.
Tomato Crop Turns
Out Well.
Special Dispatch 10 The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, October 6-Despite
the fact that wheat is bringing a
good price at this time of the year. a
great many farmers in Maryland are
still holding their wheat in barns in
the hope of getting a better price
later. according to John s. Dennee,
Government agricultural statistician
at Baltimore. A large part of the old
crop has not yet been thrashed AS
regards the new crop, sowing of
wheat continues and some of the
ground seeded shows wheat up and
looking fair.
September as a whole was too cool
for the maturing corn, late tobacco
and tree fruits in this locality. Lack
of sunshine and heavy rains during
the last week of the month in some sec
tions worked more or less damage to the
crops. Mr. Dennee says while light
frosts were reported from mountain
Gus sections of western Maryland.
The outturn of the corn crop in
Maryland is reported as doubtful. The
crop is very irregular in condition.
Cutting of early corn is progressing
in some localities.
The tomato yield is better than ex-
pected, growers report, but the fields
are at present full of green tomatoes,
subject to frost damage. Growers es-
innate from SO to IS per cent of a full
crop, according to locality. The crop
is about two weeks, late.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
CARE IN WINTER.

The owner whose car remains in
the garage for the good part of the
Winter should jack up all four wheels
and remove the tires, take out the
tubes and place them in dark room.
The tires should be covered with
cloth. If the car is to be used at in
tervals during the cold weather the
tires should be inflated hard and the
wheels moved once each week or
oftener, so that the pressure will not
always fall on the same portion
Evening star., 1924-10-06
C0TTER BOLT PROBLEM.
Advice to Operator Who May Meet
Emergency.

When a nut must be cottered on
a new bolt or stud and the worker
has no drill, the problem is one
which seems to defy solution. Yet
the solution is comparatively simple.
II the bolt is slotted with a hack
saw, and then squeezed together at
the top, the nut can be frightened
and cotte-ed without any danger OF
it's working loose in the future. When
large cotter pin must be used,
wider slot can be cut if two blades,
instead of one, are used in the hack
saw frame.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
FLOUR EXPORTS JUMP.
September Shipments Eight Times
Larger Than in July.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, October 6.-Flour ex-
ports from Baltimore took a big jump
in September, compared with recent
months. Total shipments from this
port last NORTH of 49, ,404 barrels
were nearly eight times the aggre-
gate for July and exceeded the Au-
gust outgo by 1895 barrels Sep
tember was the largest month of the
year in the exporting of this COM
modify. March was the second best
month, with a total export movement
of 103,0s2 barrels.
Exports of wheat during September
totaled 1,575,11S bushels, against
675,173 for the same month last year
Receipts at this port amounted to
2.2S1,386 bushels, compared with
819.249 in 1928
A total of 2sO,413 bushels of oats
was exported in September. In the
same month last year no exports were
recorded.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
EVERYMAN'S
INVESTMENTS
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.
NATURE OF THE BUSINESS.
Seventy.ntuthA Article.

AFtIcIEs
1t is not an easy matter to know
just how much Importance should be
attached to the nature of the busi-
ness in which corporation is en-
gagged when considering it's securities
for investment. In a general way we
know that those companies manufac-
turing essential articles OF everyday
life of selling services which every
one must have offer more conserva-
tive opportunities for investment
than those whose business Is connect
ed with so-called luxuries. Take. for
instance, the public utility. There is
no doubt that we must have light
and water and gas and transporta-
tion, no matter what the general
state Of trade.
Moreover, the organizations supply
ing these necessaries Of life in mod
ern times have a record for stability
of earnings which commends itself to
investors. At the same time there
are failures, or rather misfits, even
in these lines. Local conditions some
times work to the disadvantage of a
utility and there Is always more or
less political interference. 1t does
not do, therefore, to assume that
simply because corporation is a
utility 1t is necessarily successful
On the other hand, we have those
companies whose output appears to
be non-essential. The trouble is that
what seems to be entirely a luxury
today may become a necessity tomor-
row. The automobile is a notable H.
lustration. For long time the motor
car manufacturers protested against
the term pleasure car as applied to
an automobile to distinguish 1T from
a motor truck. This term has now
passed out Of use. Every one recog-
nizeS that modern business could no
more be carried on without the au-
tomobile than without the telephone.
There is. however, this distinction
in favor OF the public utility: The
latter is and must be monopoly,
whereas the automobile industry is
intensely competitive. This brings in
another element to. be appraised. 1t
is the lack of competition which is
the chief argument for public control
Of the utility. There is no similar
regulation of a business where COM
petition has full play. so that there
are advantages and disadvantages on
both sides.
Unless all these matters are taken
into account detailed analysis Of Sc
curities will be work only half done
Copyright, 1924, BY Consolidated Press.)
Evening star., 1924-10-06
COTTON IS LOWER
AS WEEK BEGINS
Part of Saturdays Gains Are
Lost-Four More Crop
Estimates.
By the Associa ted Press.


NEW YORK, October 6.-The cotton
market lost part of Saturdays gain
in today's early trading. Liverpool
made an early steady showing, but
weakened before business here start
ed and the local market opened weak
at a decline of II to SO points under
liquidation by Saturdays buyers, who
found a more favorable weather map
than anticipated and rather higher
private crop estimates.
December sold off to 2i.95, the gen
eral list showing net losses of about
"a to 81 points shortly after the call.
Covering or trade buying checked
the decline, however, and caused rail-
lies of 10 or Is points from the low
est.
Four more private crop reports
were issued with condition figures
ranging from 5S.4 up to $50 and in
dicated yield from 12049,0O0 up to
1885 900 bales. the minimum figures
allowing for abandonment of acreage.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
TO CORRECT SPRINGS.
Stretching and Additional Leaves
May Relieve Trouble.

When, in the course of operation,
valve springs become weak, they
should be stretched or else have a
washer placed under them. If a car
spring becomes weak SO that one side
of the vehicle Says, the addition of
another leaf will remedy the trouble.
In a new car it frequently happens
that the owner finds cause for COM
plant in regard to hard riding, due
to the fact that the springs are stiff.
This difficulty may be obviated by re-
moving leaf, if so desired. but be-
fore long the new springs will timber
up merely through ordinary usage.
Evening star., 1924-10-06

Only Germany is left. In ten wears
Germany will lord it over the Euro
pean continent. Europe already gov
erns Africa. Then we shall fight and
conquer Russia and civilize her. There
will be left on earth only three
states-GermanyAfrica, with Euro
pean Russia; Asia-that means Japan,
China, Siberia, Mongolia. India-and
the two Americas with Australia
Then what wars we shall have.
DO you forget Great Britain?"
England? Finished. exhausted, an
insignificant island off the northeast
coast of Europe. India will break
away. At the first trouble the do
minions will join America. You have
the same mentality-all colonials,
without native culture. England is
doomed, and already sinking. The
proof? Her people refuse to fight to
preserve their prestige That is de-
cisive. Only war can keep a country
alive
What do you think of. such
book?"
Copyright. 1924. BY the Chicago Daily rws
Coz
Evening star., 1924-10-06
BASE BALL STOCK
IS YEARS LEADER
Shares Make Remarkable
Record on Local Exchange.
Financial Notes.
BY CHAs. p. sHAEFFER.

Stock of the Washington base ball
team leads all other issues on the
Washington Stock Exchange in mar
Reliability for the year to date with
an enhancement of approximately $50
per cent.
The aggregation piloted by "Bucky"
Harris is capitalized at 100000; 90
600 shares with a par value of $40
per share. On January ] the pre-
vailing quotation was between 25 and
30, with the market decidedly mac
tive. On Saturday a sale was made
'off the board" at IS. block of 100
shares changing hands. On this basis,
the club now has market value of
$1,500,000 as compared with only
$500, 900 on January /.
Interests closely identified with the
club are said to hold the majority
stock. estimated at about $4,000
shares. The remaining 5000 shares
do not have a very wide distribution
and can be said TO be closely held"
BANKERS Honor Evans.
Joshua Evans. jr. vice president of
Riggs National Bank, was placed on
the administrative committee of the
American Bankers Association at the
annual convention closed IN Chicago
last week
This committee ig one of the most
important in the associations routine.
1t is selected from members of the
executive council and acts on import
ant matters which arise between the
two yearly meetings of the executive
council. Its personnel includes i'm
portant officers Of the association.
Dickey to Give Address.
"Contracts-Perfor by Ray
mond B. Dickey. will usher in ths
weeks work of the local chapter,
American Institute of Banking, to-
night. Tomorrow night the new
accounting course will be installed by
A forum dinner at the City Club
Prof. Dickey will again hold forth
on Wednesday night on CONTRACTS
Termination" and on Thursday night
Eliot Thomson will discuss Bank
Organization and Administration.
The weeks work will be concluded
Friday with discussion of "Produc-
ton" by Prof. Donohue before the
Standard Economics class.
The new accounting course will be
conducted jointly with that Of
credits. and will BE presided over by
Joseph X. Meyer, who holds several
degrees in this particular work. K.
Gordon Ftnney will have charge of
the credits class.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
LATHE LESSONS WORK.

The owner who does his own work
on the car will fifld that valves which
are pitted may be easily and quickly
refitted by having a local garage or
machine shop cut a new face. the
lathe being used for this purpose.
This is a matter of a scant minutes
work, whereas grinding-in untif-the
face is clear, may mean hours of
tiring work. OF course the newly
cut valve will have to be ground
to its seat but this is not a for
midable task.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
Eollies of 1924,

Resurfacing a road where the foun-
dation has been weakened by the an
nual spring rains. Speeding up traf-
ff1c at crossings and conducting a
safety drive. Repainting some peo-
ple's cars. Shopping around for a
better allowance on the old car.
Transferring the older and weaker
tires to the front wheels, where q
blowout might mean an accident.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
WARN OF AIR 1NJECToRs.

The market at the present time is
flooded with auxiliary air and mois-
ture injecting devices, some of which
are good and some bad. The moisture
injecting devices will in most cases
prevent the formation of carbon on
the cylinder walls, but they are not
likely to remove carbon already
formed, although this claim is made
for them. The air devices are prac-
tically useless, unless the owner. is
absolutely certain that the air range
Of his carburetor is insufficient. If
the adjustment already on the car
buretor is capable of supplying more
air, an auxiliary air device is a
waste of money.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
HEAD OF WESTERN UNION
SUFFERS BROKEN RIB
Newcombe Carlton, Telegraph
Company President. Hit by Taxi
cab and Internally Injured.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, October 6.-New-
combe Carlton, president of the
Western Union Telegraph Company,
suffered a broken rib and internal
injuries when he was struck by a
taxicab at Vanderbilt avenue and
Forty-third street Saturday night, it
was learned yesterday. His condition
was pronounced by his physicians to
be very painful, but not serious.
Mrs. Carlton said that when Mr.
Carlton was injured an ambulance
was summoned, but he refused to go
to a hospital. Instead he entered
another taxicab and was driven to his
home, where his personal physician,
DR.. Adrian Lambert, was called.
DR.. Lambert called other physicians
into consultation, and the patient
was advised to remain in bed for at
least two weeks, and refrain from
any activity for at least six weeks.
Evening star., 1924-10-06
JARR1NG HURTS BATTERY

The rubber jars in the storage bat
terry may become cracked If the bat
terry is not properly supported. The
clamps which hold the battery in
place must always be kept tight;
otherwise the battery will bounce
up aid down, with the result that
some of the jars will be cracked and
the electrolyte will leak away. This
latter condition leads directly to
short-cifcuiting and possible COM
plete destruction OF the batte1