davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
SOVIET CO-OpS
WILL Be PUT ON
VOLUNTARY BASIS
Big Inducements Offer
ed Workers to Join
Especial to The Daily worker)

MOSCOW, Feb. 22.-Russian CO.
operatives, which have been one of
the chief instruments in carrying out
the New Economic Policy of the Sow
let government are to become strictly
voluntary organizations thru decree
that will shortly be issued.
Consumers will be free to with
draw from the great "Union of Con-
sumers' Co-operatives" or to join it.
Formerly State Organs.
Before the New Economic Policy
went into effect two years ago the
co-operatives were merely the organ
that carried out the instructions of
the state and depended on the re-
sources of the state for their work.
With the introduction of the New
Economic Policy co-operatives had to
depend largely on themselves but
every citizen was connected with the
movement thru utilization of unions
or other governing bodies.
The decree now coming will do
away with the last bit of compulsory
affiliation but membership is en-
couraged by the advantages the CO.
operatives will otter. Workers and
the poorer peasants will be provided
with special exemptions, the details
Of which have not get been announc-
ed. The number Of shares any MEM
her may purchase is limited
Exploiters Given No Vote.
The dictatorship of the proletariat
is preserved in uile1 ce-nperessives, the
report declares, by granting the vote
in the organization only to those
members who have the right to par
ticipate in the elections to the Sow
lets under the laws of the Soviet
Republic. This bars employers Of
labor, and other non-proletarian ele-
ments from a voice in controlling the
cooperatives.
What sums the co-operatives will
receive from the government will be
announced when the new decree is
published. The organizations will be
freed from the payment of industrial
taxes.
Had Successful Year.
The cooperative societies had a
successful year in 1923 but it is be-
lieved that the voluntary system will
make for greater efficiency. CO.
operatives sales prices last year
were well under regular market
prices.
Flax, hides, fur, hair and hemp
were among the articles exported
thru the co-operatives. Cavaire was
exported for the first time since the
war.
Domestic trade in grain, textiles,
meat, silk and silk cocoons, harvest
machinery was carried on actively.
Agricultural machinery is sold to the
peasants in exchange for grain thru
400 stations, to which 600 more sta
tions will be added this year.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22

proved themselves efficient soldiers
tho poor geographers.
Sure thing. Free the poor piker
Criminals" Of the late war. The big
criminals, the fellows who started the
wholesale murder have never been
caught-yet. But free the heroes too
real heroes. 1t took no particular
courage to follow the mob into the
barracks when faced by the draft
law, backed by every form of force
known to the capitalist dictatorship.
1t did take sand" however, to stand
by opposition principles at that time
and a goodly number of those who
did so are still in the jails turnout
this country. Those are the men that
we want freed.
To the Tribune and its ilk murder
and rape are childish pranks in COM
parison with the offense of fighting
the sacred capitalist order. It's all
in the point of view. But we are en-
tirely willing to support the move for
the freeing Of the Tribune's brand of
heroes. Will it support the move for
liberating ours?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
Not Qualified;

Even if every admirer of William Gibbs Nc
Adoo used a separate radio broadcaster to
proclaim belief in his fitness for the presiden-
cy, the fact that he accepted large fee from
sinister oil interests renders him decidedly I'M
available, in the editorial opinion of the New
York World, friend of the Wilson family from
the head of the house to the son-in-law's door
keeper.
The World has no hostility to McAdoo. This
it admits. Yet it marvels exceedingly at the
obtuseness of professional politicians who can
not read the signs on the heavens, but con-
tinue to run their heads into hurricane of
anti-oil opinion which will blow any politician
tainted with its odor into at least temporary
retirement.
The New York World sees nothing repre-
hensible in Mr.. McAdoo's accepting quarter
million dollars retainer from Doheny to go
into Mexico and endeavor to hog-tie the Mex
lean constitution so that American oil interests
might rape the virgin wealth of the Mexican
republic The Worlds objection to McAdoo
as a candidate is that as a result of his name
being connected with the oil scandal the
Democratic party cannot afford to have him
as its standard bearer.
The New York World further believes that
the group of McAdoo boosters who met in the
Great Northern Hotel in Chicago had doubts
of his availability and do not expect to put
him over at the New York convention, but
simply wanted to maintain organization
for bargaining purposes. Quite plausible
explanation!
The opposition of the New York World to
McAdoo's candidacy is significant 1t repre-
sents a powerful section Of the Democratic
party. The World is consistent supporter of
the Democratic party, nationally. With that
opposition to contend with and the machine
in New York, Illinois, Indiana and the Boston
IL .T.4sn - NJ.
England, it looks as if Wilson's heir might
need more than a radio station and good
publicity agent to bring him the nomination
on July 4th.
What the railroad brotherhoods, who are
backing his candidacy, may do in the event
of their "favorite son" becoming unavailable"
u an interesting subject for speculation.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
Bx WILLIAM T. KRusE.

IT HE Chicago Tribune has launched
4 a campaign for the release Of
Federal prisoners now in Jail for war
time offenses. This is not joke-it
is really so. The prisoners who have
excited the Tribune's pity at this late
day are not conscientious objectors"
or economic and political opponents
of American militarism. The Tribune
is aroused on behalf of the boys who
have been committed for crimes rang
ing up to murder and rape. "Wob-
blies, traitors and slackers have been
allowed to go while these poor boys,
many of whom fought for their coun-
try, are still behind the bars" says
the Trib, and even intimates that per-
haps the Army courts-martial did not
always do justice either. Such sedi-
ton!
We are surprised to find a question
on which we can see eye to eye with
this organ of reaction. But here it
is. We see no justice whatever in
teaching a man to kill in wholesale
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
MELONS Allies

The power of great corporations to exert an
undue influence on public policy comes to light
in an issue of the weekly leafet distributed to
passengers via New York Central lines Under
the title Food for Thought" this leaf1et re-
produces tables containing all the sugar coat
ing by which Secretary of the Treasury Mel
lon hoped to win the support Of the middle
class for his scheme to reduce the high sur
taxes on the idle rich.
According to this railroads propaganda leaf
let the greatest blessings la Mellon tax cut
ting are to fall upon the incomes under 5000.
Next in order of magnitude are the blessings
to be melted out to people with incomes be-
tween $1,000 and $4,000. While only after
all lower incomes have been duly satisfied are
the incomes over $4,000 to get what bless
ings are left.
Of course, the appearance of bias in favor
of lower incomes is created by trick of statis-
teal grouping. For all that the table shows,
no one would guess that there are some in
comes in the United States that run into the
millions Of dollars year and that the savings
to these incomes will be out of all proportion
to the savings of the smaller fry Nor is there
particular mention of the fact that wage earn
ers with family incomes under $4,000 year,
will receive no important benefits from this
scheme They will continue to bear the heavi-
est indirect tax burden in the high prices
which they pay for the necessities of life pur-
chased from protected industries
Mol The leafiet is obviously designed y
win the support of the people of moderate
means who predominant in Pullman traffic. II
is skillfully designed to that end and it con-
tains the suggestion that the reader write his
congressman urging support of Melons pro.
gram
But when all is said the most significant
point to note is the power which such medium
for reaching the public places in the hands Of
financiers. Thru their contact with the travel
ing public these few men of great wealth car
weigh more heavily in determining nationa
policy than hundreds Of thousands of ordinary
citizens This shows just one Of the many
ways in which private ownership makes
farce of political democracy.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
MENTIONING THE MOVIES
By PROTECTOR.
SCARAMOUCHE.

SCAhAMOUCHE.
HERE is THE picture of the
i French Revolution. | thought
that Pola Negri's Passions" and
Grifith's "Orphans' were worthy of
that title. "Scaramouche" makes
them look cheap little program pic
lures in comparison.
Here is Revolution with a capital
"R." First the background, starving
people more pathetically hideous
than the famine victims in Russia
Thru the Shadows" And an AFRO
CANT, corrupt, cruel nobility, ruling
brazenly with force and violence.
Then the day of reckoning, the
people unclaimed, wiping out the OPP
preston of the centuries in a mad
orgy of blood letting. The revolu-
ton is not pretty thing. Revolu-
tions are that way. Great bonfires
are made of fine furniture, paintings
are ripped from their frames, neither
age nor sex is spared in the revenge
upon the aristocrats, heads are car
ried around on pixies. Blood and
dirt and ragel l wonder what the
Pennsylvania censors did with some
of these scenes-and with the fat
priest?
The picture has an intensely inter-
esting love theme as we'll as plenty
of action" both mob and individual.
A beautiful heroine (Alice Terry,
and a gloriously handsome revolu-
Zionist hero Ramon Navarro). The
women who pay their way in will
rave as enthusiastically over him as
did the paid extra girls in the mobs.
Direction is almost fawless,. altho
one does wonder how the windmill
managed to turn so industriously
without any sails on its wings. Sus.
pense is kept up, not merely to the
tenth scene from the last but actually
until five seconds from 1.-THE End"
One has the feeling that it must come
out all right but just how is cleverly
concealed.
To tell the story would take too
much space-and be unfair to every
WORKER reader who is going to
see it. Suffice to say that paid
my way in and shall do so again
and again.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
adjustment in Coal

When the coal wage negotiations began in
Jacksonville and the capitalist press mani
tested practically unanimous approval of the
Lewis demand for four-year contract, we
ventured the assertion that long term con-
tract was but the first step in eliminating some
200, 900 unemployed miners from the industry
Our suspicious are confirmed. The negotia-
tions have ended with the acceptance of a
three-year contract by both sides ad from the
operators come announcements that the elinl-
nation process is to begin Immediately.
One metropolitan paper which covers labor
news closely says: Both operators and miners
agree that one result will be the wiping out
of many mines and mining communities"
Quoting an operator who took part in the
negotiations the same article continues:
In my territory, where the veins are
poor, some towns will pass out like the
ghost mining cities of Colorado. Others
will survive by going non-union and cut
ting prices.
Please remember that the officialdom of the
United Mine Workers of America has an
nounced time and time again that it is its
policy to cooperate with the larger operators
in bringing the industry back to normally and
we have now perfect example of what that
conception of normally is.
This is labor leadership that no employer
will quarrel with and it is little wonder that
the capitalist press and the rotary club plat
form performers are delirious with delight
over this evidence that labor is returning to
sanity"
In England the lockers union is confronted
with exactly the same problem, but the dock
ers are on strike and there is no talk of the
elimination of several thousand dockworkers
because there is an oversupply of labor in the
industry. Even the Macdonald government,
with all its desire for responsibility and its
middle class leanings, dare not advocate such
an infamous piece of business as the deliber-
ate starvation of unemployed workers as a
remedy for unemployment. This is what the
Lewis proposal amounts to, this is what the
three-year agreement is for and this is the
reason why the Lewis program was seconded
so enthusiastically by the operators and other
employers.
I'VE have here the spectacle of a head of
one of the worlds largest unions consciously
encouraging and fomenting the struggle be-
tween the employed and unemployed workers
in the union, struggle whose existence is a
constant menace to the solidarity of labor or
ganization and which, when encouraged by
officials, can end only in the destruction of the
union.
We are going to venture one more predic-
ton. 1t is that if an attempt is made to carry
out this policy with the Lewis machine remain
ing in control of the union the end of the three
year contract period will see the United Mine
Workers, not only weakened numerically, but
with less mines under union control than they
have today.
No other consequence can follow from a
policy that is one of decentralization and not
of organization.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22

Samuel Gompers is not column
list but he is a great help. But for
people like Sam who say foolish
things a columnist would be obliged
to rack his brains for unusual incl
dents worthy of notice. AS it is the
speeches of Gompers, Coolidge, Bea-
trice Fairfax, Billy Sunday and Will
liam J. Burns are constant source
of inspiration to columnists, poets
and cartoonists.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
AS WE SEE 1T
By T. J. o'FLAHERTY.

MRS. GAMMA WALSKA McCOR-
1Vl CORMICK does not appreciate
the eternal fitness of things. She left
for Paris to take the part of the Vir-
gin in the "Miracle" about to be pro-
duced in the French capital. The
Polish beauty's qualification for the
virgin role is about as Incompetent
sible as the virgin birth theory to an
atheist.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-02-22
They Get a Ford Without Duty.

MOSCOW, Feb. 21.-The Immi-
grafton Committee of STO Council
of Labor and Defense) has permitted
the American Agricultural Com
mune, "Echo," to import from the
U. S. Ford duty free. The Ford
has been donated to the Commune
hv American comrades.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1924-07-21
AMERICANS
WIN At TENNIS
Last Two Titles Are Decided
in Today's Olympic
Tennis Matches

OLYMPIC STADIUM, COLON
BES France. June 81 (By The Asso-
ciated Press) Vincent Richards
and Francis 7. Hunter of the United
States today won the Olympic mems
doubles tennis title. defeating Henri
Cochet and Jacques Brugnon of
France. 4-6. 60. 6-3, 2-6, 6-3.
The spectacular battle which was
not decided until the last set gave
the United States its fourth straight
Olympic tennis title. Richards, fresh
from his singles victory yesterday,
dominated the match, volleying
beautifully and saving the team
from disaster when Hunters erratic
work was costly.
The Americans seemed about to
make quick work of the match after
the third set when the Frenchmen,
with a flashing rally, took the fourth
set to square the match. Cochet did
most of the team work for the
Frenchmen, his partners service be-
ing weak. Brugnon's all around play
also was largely ineffective. The
Americans pulled themselves togeth-
er in the last set, smashed and
lobbed brilliantly and played their
rivals off their feet.
r. Norris Williams II. and Mrs.
George Wightman of the United
States today won the Olympic mixed
doubles, defeating Vincent Richards
and Mrs. Marion u. Jessups of the
United States GO, 6-3.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1924-07-21
HOLD
CONFERENCE ON
PLAN Of DAWES
Move to Get Agreement on
Enforcement of Scheme
for Germany
U. S. is REPRESENTED
BY Ambassador Kellogg at
His Private Farley at
Allied Conference

LONDON. July 21 (By The Asso-
ciated Press) Premier Macdonald
of England this morning conferred
for two hours with Premier Herriott
of France Finance Minister De
Stefani Of Italy. and Premier Theu-
mis- of Gelgium and Ambassador KEEL
logg of the United States regarding
ways and means of obtaining an
agreement between the delegates of
the Inter-Allied Conference on the
enforcement of the Dawes plan.
While the plenary delegates dis
cussed the broad phases of the
Dawes plan, the committees of ex-
perts continued their efforts to
reach an agreement on the measures
for bringing about the fiscal and
economic unity of Germany. 1t is
believed this will be realized by to-
night except for the question of
railway control, which remains a
stumbling block to the plans for the
evacuation of the Ruhr.
The experts presented the conflict
ing views on railway control ad-
vanced by the British, French and
Belgians respectively, to committee
Number 1 of the conference and are
awaiting fresh instructions how to
proceed. The program made by the
group of experts studying the restor-
alton of German unity indicates 1t
will be possible to hold a plenary
session tomorrow.
Frank B. Kellogg, the American
ambassador, was unable to attend
the conference this forenoon with
Prime Minister Macdonald In Down
ing street because his presence was
demanded at the ceremonies of well
come to the Bar Association delega-
tions from overseas.
The German government has COM
municated to the British foreign
office It's latest views on the Dawes
report and the question of German
representation at the conference.
The German representations will be
presented at the next plenary session
of the conference.
The French delegation appeared
more doubtful today than the other
conferees as to the time of this ses-
sion, taking the view that 1t may not
be possible to hold 1t before Wednes-
day.
The French, 1t Is indicated, are
none too pleased over the possibility
of losing control of all the railways
to the Ruhr. They have adopted a
view somewhat more conciliatory to-
ward the British position that the
lines should be returned to the au-
thority of the Inter-Allied Railway
Board, but they are still seeking
ways to Insure the maintenance of
their own communications in any
eventuahty in the Ruhr.
Premier Herriot and his col
leagues are stepping carefully, the
conference reports indicate, SO as not
to do anything to antagonize the
bankers whose support is necessary
for the success of the German loan,
and despite the present differences,
the French premier believes 1t will
be possible to reach an agreement.
Sir Eyre Grove, permanent under
secretary of the British foreign office,
and General Nollet. French minister
of war. discussed the railway situa-
ton at length this morning.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1924-07-21
Many Still in Hospitals Follow
ing Mad Dash on death
Hill" West Orange
WAS NOT SCOUT OUTING
All Are Likely to Recover
Several Victims Are Re-
turned to This City

Twenty-Five people of this city,
for the most part girls al boys
ranging In ages from seven to eigh-
teen years. were severely cut and
otherwise injured early last night,
when an automobile truck in which
they were riding to their homes
here. after a days outing at Vernon
Lake. crashed into a grocery store
at the foot of death Hill' at Pleas
ant avenue. near Valley Road IN
West Orange.
1t was at first reported that the
truck contained boy and girl scouts
but later 1t was learned that It wadf
a picnic party arranged by Jame3
Harris. Sr.. scoutmaster Of Trooj
No. and his friend, julius Blanc7 Z
ard. of 456 Convery place. Al 6c& 81
Headquarters today. Scout {Execu{
Joseph d. Carstang declaf&d th1k}
though some members Of Y'r00r
A were in the party tnot it5zf
a scout affair. The girls II ~
learned from the same source. WAR
not Girl Scouts as first reported-
| but members of the Camp Fire C5jrIs
! OF the Magyar Reformed church IN
Kirkland place. =
1t was after sun down before fha
party started on their homeward
Journey from Verona Lake, Caldwell
In the ten ton covered truck AZ
Theodore Achenberg OF Sheridan
street, with Blanchard driving
After having spent pleasant day az
the lake, the children were In high
spirits and under the leadership OF
some of their parents and scout
masters were making merry and
singing. All went we'll until the
truck with its human freight started
down the incline of Death HIP.
Gathering momentum on the way
down the hill, Blanchard lost control
or the vehicle, and headed for Valley
ROAD which was crowded with auto
mobiles on their homeward journey.
Blanchard applied the brakes but
they failed to hold the heavy truck
which was increasing it's speed with
every turn of the wheels.
AS the truck crossed the road II
barely missed crashing into trolley
car. The impetus of passing over
the trolley tracks at such a high rate
of speed jerked the steering wheel
from Blanchard's hands and the ve-
hicle bounded across the street and
sidewalk and crashed into the win
dow of the grocery store of BENJAMIN
Laidiaw, ripping out one side Of the
store and catapulting its occupants
from the machine and burying them
under mass of splintered wood and
broken glass.
Telephone calls brought the am
bulance from st. Marys and the
Orange Memorial Hospital and other
institutions. In some cases injured
persons were taken to the hospitals
in private automobiles, others had
their injuries attended to at the
scene of the accident and were then
taken to the hospitals.
blanchard, the driver of the truck
and Achenberg the owner are in
Orange today. 1t is reported that
Blanchard told the police he was
not familiar with the road. He was
held by the police pending the out
come of the injuries OF those in the
hospitals.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1924-07-21
GUILTY PLEA MADE after SLAYERS
were WARNED OF CONSEQUENCES
Decree of Punishment Which May Be Life Prison Sem
tence, Incarceration in Asylum or Death Will Be De-
termned at Hearing to Start Wednesday A. NJ

CHICAGO, July 81 (By The Asso-
ciated Press)-The fate of Nathan
Leopold, Jr., and Richard Loeb, In
dicted for the kidnapping and murder
OF the fourteen year old Robert
Franks was rested today "in the
mercy of the court.
This resulted from plea of
guilty" made today in court by
Clarence S. Darrcw, chief counsel
for the boys, and affirmed by them
after they had been duly warned
by the court Of the consequences of
this plea
The degree of punishment, which
may vary from an interminate pris-
on sentence, through life sentence in
the penitentiary. incarceration in an
asylum, or death. will be determined
after a hearing which is to start at
10 a. m. Wednesday.
In entering the plea of guilty At
torney Darrow said that the defense
admitted the correctness of the facts
substantially as printed in the news
papers"
He asked permission of the court,
however, to "offer evidence as to the
mental condition of these young men
and their degree of responsibility.
IHo iueLeHSe was WllllUS 10 SUD-
NIT the question of mentality to
Joint conference of alienists en-
ployed by the state and the defense.
but Robert Grove, states attorney,
objected to this. saying:
THE state Is In position TO show
that these boys are not only guilty
of the facts which they here admit.
but that beyond any reasonable
doubt they are sane and fully cog
infant of the consequences Of those
acts.'
States Attorney Grove declared in
statement issued after the proceed
ings that he would Insist on the ex-
IRENE penalty" for both defendants
The statement of States Attorney
Grove follows:
There was nothing left for Loeb
and Leopold to do but plead guilty.
The proof was so overwhelming that
no jury could return any verdict ex-
cept one of guilty.
THE crime was SO cold -blooded,