davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1924-03-19

Mrs. Henry w. Miller entertained
informally at luncheon today for
Mrs. Donald Mcpherson, of Gettys.
burg, who is her guest, and Mrs.
John r. Mitchell, Of st. Paul. Mrs.
Mitchell, who was formerly a resi-.
dent OF Washington, is making
short visit here.
Evening star., 1924-08-17

fore, cannot be exected to increase
the demand for American agricultural
products as compared with the de-
mand for similar products from
that In the case Of American pork .
products increased purchasing power d,
in the United Kingdom might tend to
SHIFT the demand to more extensive.
meats and fats, which are chiefly i'm
ported from other countries.
Few American products, the De
partment of Agriculture study EN- ="
phasized, command premium on the =
score OF quality. This country has
in the past, held its foreign markets
for agricultural products by it's vor-',
ume of production and low pricek. !
Its superiority in these respects iso
now challenged. American producers; 4
to hold their market, must underbid =
their foreign competitors or improve :
the quality of their offering. -.
Summing UP the situation, the,
United States Department of Agricul--
ture finds that it is reasonable to
expect that in the future the Unitcar
kingdom will continue to import,
from the United States cotton in de-
creased volume; tobacco in constant
or perhaps in an increasing volume -
pork products as long as the price
remains low: wheat and flour in
small quantities. varying with the
degree of foreign competition; feed.
stufs in years of crop shortage in
competing countries; fresh fruits in
small but fairly constant amountss-
dried fruits in fair volume, and glu-
cose and other specialized grain
products. i
Evening star., 1924-08-17
Monthly Salaries
For School Teachers

Members of the House District COM
mittee, who during the last. session
of Congress took a particular inter-
est in putting through legislation es-
tablishing new schedule Of salaries
for teachers in the public schools of
the District, will, when the commit
tee reassembles, receive a report, on
a growing. custom among the large
cities to pay the teachers salaries
all the year. .-'>
Teachers salaries are usually paid
in 10 installments and the teachers
are expected to save enough during
the school term to pay their expenses
during the vacation. This usually
involves no inconvenience, but occa-
sionally instances Of hardship have
occurred as a result Of the practice,
An increasing number of cities have
therefore adopted the plan Of making
salary payments monthly throughout
the year. Among the larger cities
which pursue this plan are Boston.
Denver, Los Angeles, Memphis, New
York. San Antonio, Seattle and Ia
coma
Evening star., 1924-08-17
u. S. Export Trade
Drops in England

Competition OF other food export
ing nations is taking business away
from the United States in the United
Kingdom, which is the best foreign
market for American agricultural
products. according to a warning is
sued by the United States Department
of Agriculture after a careful study
Of the British market.
Contrary to popular belief, this de-
cline in exports of all farm products
in the last few years is not due
mainly to a lessened demand for
these commodities on the part of the
British people but is largely the re-
suit Of successful competition by
other sources of supply.
Cotton is the one exception to this
rule, and here the British market has
been affected by diminished produc-
ton in the United States and by the
loss of. a foreign market for cotton
goods manufactured in the United
Kingdom.
Most Of the products which form
the staples of our export trade with
the United Kingdom are necessities
which practically will be in constant
demand. regardless of prosperity or
depression. Improved economic con-
ditions in the United Kingdom, there
Evening star., 1924-08-17
Vast Sums for U. S. Highways
Are Paid by Motor Owners

Motor vehicles are now paying a
fifth of the highway funds, and there
is a marked tendency to collect a
larger portion of the highway support
from owners and users of automobiles.
After careful survey and analysis
Of all the various sources of highway
funds the Bureau OF Public Roads.
United States Department of Agricul-
ture, finds:
In 1914 out of a total highway in
come Of $240.262.7s4 the collections
from motor vehicles amounted to $12,-
382.031. or 81 per cent of the total.
In 1921. seven years later, the motor
vehicle owners and operators paid
$118.94o,7o6 in motor vehicle fees and
1855. .460 in gasoline taxes. which to-
gether equaled 10.6 per cent of the
total income for highway purposes.
A similar compilation of payments
made by owners I and operators of
motor vehicles for licenses and permits
in 1923 shows a total contribution on
their part of $1ss.s70.992. In the same
year the gasoline taxes levied by 35
Evening star., 1924-08-17

ular expense in putting out radio
programs.
While these broadcasters undoubt-
edly would be willing to handle a
very limited number Of speeches by
the leading candidates on the same
basis. it is unfair to expect them to
carry the expense Of service by
which the Democratic or Republican
national committee profits. SO that.
as the parties pay for other agencies
of advertising, they will doubtless be
called upon to pay for any extensive
radio paigninS. The broadcast
companies, striving to give the list
cners what they do want, will hesi-
tate about clogging up their pro-
grams with speeches which they re-
alize many of their listeners do not
want to follow.
Must be Non-Partisan.
The radio people will have to be
absolutely partisan, and believe
that the air should be free to all
within reasonable limitations. and
that it is for the people to decide on
the merits of the individual speakers.
Hitherto all controversial matter has
been barred from the broadcasting
stations. OF course. in a campaign
it is realized by all-including the
listeners in-that the speeches are
partisan. and therefore no one is de-
ceived, while those who do not want
to listen to Republican doctrine can
tune out, or those who do not want to
hear Democratic propaganda can do
likewise. The question Of fair re-
striction is one of the big problems
now under consideration by the
broadcast concerns.
And here is what the politicians are
having drilled into them: They face
An audience far different from ever
before, and they must change their
method and style. Their audience on
the air will not be composed .of their
own party followers and admirers,
who come prepared to cheer, no mat
ter what is said or how 1t is put. The
radio audience is composed OF Re
publican zealots, Democratic en-
La Toilette disciples. con-
servatives, progressives, radicals, re-
actionaries, vets and drys, farm
labor. socialist, populist and all the
other brands. They can't heckle him
when he talks from the studio, but
they may vote with more feeling at
the polls. The radio campaigner can
not monopolize the air with a wind
1ammer speech, and IL he attempts to,
his audience will simply turn their
individual wrists. and-not be there.
Evening star., 1924-08-17
EVERYDAY RELIGION
By RIGHT RET. LANES E. FREEMAN, D. D,
Bishop Of Washington.

tioning and the lubricants saving
from friction. The skipper on my
ocean greyhound is sitting with me at
supper, the great ship is going on it's
way at &c knots an hour, he does not
seem to have anything to disturb his
quiet. he is quite like a passenger, all
at ease. but hark. what was that, the
blast OF the steamers mighty whis-
tie? EXCUSE me-" he says. as he rises
hastily from his unfinished meal, we
have run into a dense fog, ! look for
night Of it," and he's off to the
bridge. The fog has changed every
thing; like a white pail it settles
down over the seat will require
clear vision, sensitive ears and an
alert mind should an emergency arise
In the night. can only sleep because
1 know the careful master of the ship
is at his post.
Life experiences its fogs. its head
seas, its opposing winds and tides
We must be prepared for them, be
ready at the summons to deal with
them. The large question is-how?
Our automatic, rule the thumb habit
of living fails in an emergency
When such an emergency arises the
great Pilot of Life. with His skill and
well defined objective and knowledge
of how to attain it. is needed. We would
then sing:
Jesus, Saviour, pilot me,
Over lifes tcmpestuous sea"
This method of going through life
without plan. without a well defined
and understood lane or channel, and
without the sense of some definite
port, is an unsatisfactory business.
The ultimate port does affect nightly
the method of sailing, does impose
upon the navigator reasonable rules
and regulations, yes, does call for
skill in the handling Of the ship.
Nothing seems stranger to our rea-
soning than that God permits us, not
only to choose our port, but that He
leaves us largely to govern our ship
on its way.
to the haven of their own choosing.
He shows them the better way, tells
them of His purpose concerning them,
makes clear the port Of security and
peace. and then gives them the helm.
What do our observations at high
noon today tell us of our position?
Are we clear that we are headed
right. and that, happen what will.
when the days work is done and its
seas nearly crossed we shall see the
lightship and hear the signal that
the haven of our desire, which means
the fulfillment of our loftiest hopes,
has been reached? for He 'bringeth
them to the haven where they would
be-
Copyright. ls24)
Evening star., 1924-08-17

prove the civil service OF the United
States.
Dorman L. Eaton Of Vermont draft
ed the measure which was introduced
by Senator George III. Pendleton, a
Democrat. Of Ohio. The commission
organized on March 9, 1888. Its first
homo was in a front and back par
lor at ga Fourteenth street The
first commissioners were Dorman +.
Eaton, John NJ Gregory of Illinois,
n great scholar, writer and lecturer,
and Leroy Thomas of Ohio. At first
they had as help only a stenog
rapher, John T. Doyle, who has served
ever since and is now secretary to
the commission. and Il messenger. in
the person of Matthew F.. IIalloran.
One of the first commissioners.
former college president and minis
ter, asked a brother minister. who was
head Of the Census Bureau and under
whom young Halloran had served in
Congress and in the tenth census, il
he would recommend a young man.
Halloran was sent to the commission
ers and subjected by them to a writ
ten and oral test and appointed from
among zoo applicants for the job.
Bek.nin Small Way.
In the back parlor on Fourteenth
street the civil service rules were
drafted The commission commenced
its operations under a classification
embracing 13,s94 employees. compris-
ing the departments in Washington
and post offices and custom houses hay-
ing as many as so employees
Immediately the commission left on
a trip throughout the country to es-
tablish local boards of examiners and
instructed young Halloran to buy a
typewriter and learn to run it before
they got back to the Capital He
did and for some years handled every
examination and all correspondence
The commission soon moved to what
was then the annex" Of the Department
Of Agriculture. now occupied by the Bu-
reau Of Entomology. Halloran and Doyle
did the moving-in pushcart. Also In
those young days the commission had
Evening star., 1924-08-17
WHAT PORT?

"He bringeth them to the haven
where they would be-
n 7 oTHING is more fascinating
on an ocean steamer than
" the daily observation made
/ from the bridge to deter
mine the position in which
the ship stands at high noon. 10 a
landSman there is mystery about
the so-called lanes of the ocean,"
Nothing is visible to define them,
there are no marks or bnoys or
guide posts, and yet with an ac
curacy that is conclusive. We are told
not only the knots the ship has made
in the past "a hours, but her exact
position. "We'H sight Nantucket
lishtship at $50 tomorrow morning"
the skipper says, and sight IT on
schedule time we do! How does he
know? BY measurements and CAL
cu,ations he makes with the aid OF
his instruments.
How like a ship human life is, and
each man is the captain of his own
soul" We put out in youth on the
sea Of life and many of US sail with
out design and without objective.
Too many of US calculate our voyage
and position by dead reckoning
We only know that We are under
way. Frequently we spend long
days and nights in dense fog, pushing
ahead in the hope that we shall
meet with no opposition and in the
expectation that presently clearer
skies will show themselves and all
will be we'll. Far more important
than this great ship on which | SAIL
with all its complex machinery. Is
the life of mine. More delicate Is
the mechanism of brain and heart.
God-glven to guide me on. my way.
! have port and l have in hand the
business of navigation. No other Is
master here. the ultimate of life is
solely in my hands.
Like this steamer on which 1 SAIL
1 can have my limited and circum-
Scribed sphere of occupation. 1 can
operate between two places. my home
and my business. Here the lane Is
defined, here l can navigate without
any reckoning whatsoever. The rule
of thumb may suffice. All about are
other lives. yes, they seem to be a
majority, that are occupied and con-
trolled much the same way. All
they ask is a place to sleep, sutil
cient provisions for the body and 4
chance to get fair share of the
worlds gifts. 1t Seems plausible
enough, and long observation strength
ems the conviction that these are about
AL human life wants or needs.
This kind of scheme of navigation
works all right when seas are smooth,
winds favorable, the machinery func-
Evening star., 1924-08-17

states amounted to sS6.S1S,9Sa The
motor vehicles. accordingly, contrib
uted toal of s225, .931. or 1875 per
cent. of the entire 1928 highway in.
come
In the six New England States this
contribution is 25.1 per cent. This in ,
crease is accounted for by the increase
in the total number of automobiles
registered and in the change i'll the
average payment per vehicle, which
has risen from s11.10 in 1921 to SIS
per vehicle in 1923.
A very substantial part of the total
highway income. SS.1 per cent, was de-
rived from the sale of bonds. both
State and local. General property;
taxes contributed less than half the
highway income. or 44.4 per cent.
This means, worked out In another
way. that of every dollar collected by,
the States, countries. cities townships
and other taxing districts. only TT
per cent was used for highway pur-
poses.
The average annual expenditure per
person per mile of road all over theT
United States is only O.0054 cent
cent for each 200 miles of road.
Evening star., 1924-08-17

been or are to be established on Mace
donian soil acquired by Greece through
victory in the Balkan wars. The mala-
rial mosquito is, perhaps, a greater pest
in Macedonia than in any other equal
area in the civilized world: SO great q
pest as to reduce at least by half the
working efficiency Of the Inhabitants. An
outlay Of 100000, 900 on reclamation is
required to make Macedonia a fit place
to live in and to realize its possibilities
1t would make Macedonia, for its
size, ono OF the richest agricultural
areas in the world. The plight of the
refugees is not their fault, they have
been the playthings of fate and the
powers. How pleasant if by some
miracle Mr.. Morgenthau should OBJ
tain $140.000,000 as free gift to
Greece. thus restoring in part those
hopes OF a greater future legitimate
ly entertained by Greece at the end
of the second Balkan war.
4 X r *
EEypt-Premier Zashlul Pasha of
Egypt is on his way to London to dis
cuss with Premier Macdonald of Bril-
tain the Anglo question:
particularly as regards to the Sudan
and the Suez Canal. When tho British
government acknowledged the "inde-
pendence' of Egypt, it attached to
that acknowledgement certain con-
ditions which decidedly qualified the
independence" and it unequivocally
asserted that the Sudan would remain
under British control and admins
tration and the Suez Canal under
Anglo-F'rench administration and
British protection: But. of course.
the Egyptian Nationalists could not
reconcile themselves to such a cur
tailment of their program which con-
templates unqualified independence
for Egypt, complete Egyptian control
of the canal and annexation Of the
Sudan to Egypt. There is a plausible
argument for Egyptian possession Of
the Sudan in that the power in pos
session Of the constructions In the
Sudan for storage and regulation of
the waters of the Nile feeders ef-
fectively controls Egypt. On the
other hand, the British conceived and
executed those works, and it is much
to be feared that In Egyptian posses
sion they would fall into decay and
ultimately into dfsuse. Moreover,
there are the Sudanese to consider
1t is no less to be feared that under
the Egyptian scepter the Sudan would
revert to the chaos and horror Of the
.pre-Ktchener days. a--.
:. It is, old Zaghlurs job to persuade
the British government to surrender
the Sudanese to the tender mercies
of the Egyptians and to relinquish
all the British controls in Egypt. The
Egyptian nationalist extremists
thought to make his task easier by a
little agitation. Working through a
secret organization called the white
Flag Society,"" they recently caused
mutinies among the military cadets
in the Gordon College at Khartun
and the Egyptian railway troops at
Bara on the Nile and Port Sudan on
the Red Sea. The details are OBJ
scure, but apparently the mutinies
were suppressed by British troops or
black Sudanese under British officers,
with some few casualties to the
Egyptians. The agitators use two
kinds Of propaganda-religio to win
the Mohammedans, and communist,
to win tho pagans. Fortunately. the
.Sudanese troops are perfectly loyal
Evening star., 1924-08-17
BY HENRY W. BUM.
n HE following is a brief sum-
l mary of the most important
news Of the world for the

mary of the most important
news Of the world for tho
seven days ended August 16:
Great Britain,-The annual Eistedd-
fod or National Bardic Congress of
Wales is just over. The object of per-
petuating this institution is to main
tain the Welsh language and customs,
to keep green in memory Welsh his
tory and traditions and to encourage
productivity and proficiency in Welsh
literature, especially poetry and mu-
sic Contests are held in poetical,
prose and musical composition, in
choral and solo singing. in singing
with the harp, kandin playing on the
harp and on. .stringed and wind instru-
ments, and prizes are given. There
are many concerts. a great deal of
palaver. in Welsh. and much ancient
and picturesque ceremonial. Accord
ing to tradition, the first Eisteddfod
was held many centuries before the
Christian era, but it is probable that
the institution originated not earlier
than about 400 A. D.
Spafn.-The situation of the Span
ish troops in the Spanish zone Of
Morocco is even less satisfactory than
usual. Rumors importing growing
especially in the army, and likeli-
hood Of its suppression in the near
future, have received a categorical
denial from King Alfonso himself.
who has declared THAT Primo de
Rivera will stay on his job until
Spain has been made safe for the re-
turn Of parliamentary government by
eradication of graft and confusion OF
the grafters. He suggested that this
happy consummation could hardly be
expected inside another year. and as
the directorate.
X X x X
Gernany.-The issue Of the London
conference Cfor determining the pro-
cedure for putting the Dawes plan
into effecD has been waiting upon
agreement between the Germans on
the one part and the French and Bel
gians on the other as to the limiting
Gate for Franco-Belgian military
evacuation Of the Ruhr. 1t is re-
ported that this point has at last
been settled. If so, the conference
should end within very few days,
with agreement on all essentials.
The following item, crowded out Of
last weeks issue, is here presented
as a peculiar Significance:
On August 3. the tenth anniversary
Of the opening of the World War. a
huge crowd Of Germans stood silent
for two minutes before a great
draped coffin in front Of the Reichs-
tag building in Berlin. Across that
building was stretched a drapery
with the inscription, ITO the living
spirit of our dead" The silence was
not complete, for groups of Commu-
nists indulged in cat calls and sing
ing Of 1.-THE Internationale." Result:
Sunday Communists carried off on
stretchers. At the end of two min
utes cannon doomed out and the
crowd burst into a hymn. But the
most interesting and significant fea-
ture Of the occasion is still to relate.
After tho silent interval large num-
,bers Of men and women fell In .
Evening star., 1924-08-17
The Story the Week Has Told

dead faint from sheer emotion, for
it was not a hot day.
Greece.-Mr. Morgenthau is home
on q viGt He ia head Of the COM
mission which, under League Of Ma
tions auspices. is helping to establish
and make self-supporting the million
and a quarter refugees from Asia
Minor now in Greece. OF these, he
tells US, 800, 900 have been made self
supporting on, the soil. and $4,000 in
cities and 250.0o0 have set themselves
tween 100000 and 100000 requiring
aid. 1t takes only about $50 to
plant a refugee on the soil. Forty
million dollars is an outside estimate
Of the amount required to complete the
job.
The Bank Of England has advanced
a million pounds in anticipation OF
an international loan. which the
League of Nations council proposes
to float and. at Mr.. Morgenthau'
urgency, has promised to advance
another million. 1t is to be hoped
that the business of the loan will be
consummated at a very early date.
The economic situation of Greece was
sad enough before, the arrival OF the
refugees. That addition of a million
and a quarter destitute persons to
an impoverished population OF 5,00o,-
900 made the situation intoierable
almost beyond precedent. The Greek
government and people have. IN
desperately straitened circumstances,
gone welI-nigh to their limit in aid"
ing the refugees.
The political situation reflects the
economic, and justifes the worst fore
bodings.
The other day the cabinet Of NJ.
pApanastascous fell-the first minis
terial crisis under the new republic 1t
fell by the attack OF one Of its own
members, Gen. Kondyles, minister OF
war, who resigned and violently at
tackled the premier. charging him with
weakness lin dealing with the economic.
military and other grand problems OF
the hour. He talked much in the vein
of Mussolini, and there is fear that he
may attempt dictatorship. He denies
any such intention, but the fear remains.
The new premier is NJ. Sophoulis. 1t is
satisfactory to note that Gen. Kondyles
is not a member Of the new cabinet.
Much had been hoped Of NJ. Papanas-
tascous, the first premier. of the repup-
lie; not perhaps a man OF commanding
ability, but conciliatory. tactful, highly
esteemed in all quarters. He was. we
are told, by way Of bringing about an
EZRA of good feeling. The Royalist
leaders had in good faith accepted the
plebiscfte Gratifying the National AS
eembly's action in dethroning the house
of Gluecksburg and establishing re-
public), and some had made friendly
overtues to the government. The tone
of the press was kindly, free Of factious-
ness and vindicativeness. The drachma
had gone up. The powers had shown
themselves cordial to the new regime.
The Immediate prospect was not rosy,
certainly, but on the far slopes the sun
was bright.
1t is to be hoped that the change of
ministry does not mean the undoing of
Papanastascous conciliatory work.
Though, at noted above, the expendi-
ture Of $4O,000,000 would complete the
establishment Of the refugees and make
them all self-supporting. it would not
suffice to create satisfactory conditions
for them. The greater part of them have