davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
NEW LUMBER YARD AT HOUSTON

Last week the Houston-White Com
pany of MillsborO, bought land from
Harvey Marvel at Houston, on which
they propose to erect the buildings
necessary for conducting a branch of
their lumber business. As soon as
these are completed, they will install
a large and general line of building
lumber in the new location. They have
sold much lumber in the vicinity of
Houston for several years past and
with a live salesman in charge of the
new lumber yard, they will build up
a profitable branch for their lumber
business. HOustOn-White Company
has been established at Millsboro for
nearly fifty years and are known all
over the Delmarvia Peninsula.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
CAPE MAY-LEWES
FERRY ABANDONED
Law APprOpriating Monies For Con
structiOn Of Delaware Terminus
Declared Unconstitutional.
OUR LEGISLATURE ERRED
Attorney For Highway Commission
Says No Work Can Be Done ''Be-
cause OF Way Law Is Written" j."

An opinion given by the attorney
for the State Highway Commission
will probably result in the abandon
ment of the project of establishing a
ferry service between Lewes and Cape
May, N. J. The attorney stated that
the Delaware law apprOpriating $780,
900 for the building of a terminal at
Lewes is unconstitutional because of
the way the law was written
Arrangements between this State
and New Jersey provided that each
State was to construct suitable
wharves and New Jersey was to sup
ply the ferry boat.
About two weeks ago c. Douglass
Buck, chief engineer of the State
Highway Department, met with Com
missiOners Kinde and Jelin of the New
Jersey State Highway Department;
State Highway Engineer w. G. Sloan,
Senator Robert H. Bright, of Cape
May county, and A. Lee Grover, sec
retary of the Highway Commission at
the Hotel Bellevue-Stratford Phila-
delphia. The New Jersey officials were
anxious to have the project under
taken, and arrangements were made
at this conference for ferry service
between New Jersey and Delaware.
For Delaware it seemed well worth
the 100000 which the legislature ap-
prOpriated and which the Delaware
Highway Commission presumed it was
authorized to spend in the develop
ment of this connection. To Delawar-
cans it appeared that if reliable SER
h. kww y, Rnraus
it would attract visitors from the
southern states many Of whom would
motor north and would reach the New
Jersey shore resorts, and possibly
stop off at Rehoboth Beach, the New
Jersey tourists using the Lewes-Cape
May ferry rather than going all the
way to Wilmington or Philadelphia to
cross into New Jersey and then hav-
ing to make the tedious return trip to
the coast. The ferry, it was pointed
out continually during the discussion
of the bill at the last session of the
General Assembly, would attract res
idents of Baltimore and Washington
to the New Jersey resorts because of |
the shortening of the trip.
The Philadelphia conference devel- |
with the work. 1t was decided to have
an advisory board, comprising two
commissioners from each
state with the chief engineers of both
states to direct the joint work. It was
that Mr.. Buck should mark
put the routes leading to Lewes in
Delaware and the roads to be Travelled
BY southern tourists.
The defect in the Lewes-Cape May
'erry law was not in the act passed by
he last legislature but in the original
aw passed in 1921. The title of this
)ill is defective in that it does not set
,ut fully the objects and purposes of
he act, that of constructing piers,
etc. The title of the bill re-
ates merely to acquisition, gift, pur-
,hase, condemnation, ETC., of land
Without setting forth what the land is
o be used for.
The 1928 act, was an amendment to
he 1921 act by increasing the apprO-
'riation from fifteen to thirty thous-
nd dollars.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
STATE COLLECTS S8,OOO,OOO
In Taxes For Fiscal Year; Total In
United States 71(2 Billions

Statistics issued this week by the
Census Bureau show that taxes col
lected by the national government
state governments, counties, cities
and all other civil divisions having
power to levy and collect taxes,
amounted to $7,42S, S,749, 900, or an av-
erage of $6S.3S for each person, dur
ing the fiscal year which ended June
30. 1923.
OF this huge sum Delaware col
lected a total of $S,144,OOO, of which
$4,478,00O was on general property,
S2,317,0OO in special taxes, 1929, 900 in
poll taxes; licenses and permits, S911,
900; special assessment, $139, 900. The
State itself collected $3,919,OOO, the
counties $1,6S7OOO, and the incorpor-
ated cities and towns, $2.5S8,OOO
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
TOLD IN A FEW LINES

Don't forget the big minstrel show
at the Plaza Thursday night.
Wednesday, March 18th, Christ
Church Guild will meet with Mrs
Louis Ross.
There will be baptism in the First
Baptist Church, Milford this Friday
April 11th, at p. m.
Buy your tickets now for Neil o.
Brien's Minstrels at the Plaza Theatre
Thursday, April 18th.
The Milford Community Association
will meet in the high school auditor
ium Tuesday evening, April 18th at 8
o'clock.
There will be a box and shadow So
cial held at TOmahawk school house,
Friday night, April 18th. Proceeds will
be used for base ball team.
There was a meeting of Republican
women at the home of Frank Marvel
at Houston, last Friday evening, at
which the approaching primaries
were discussed.
State Convention of the P. T. A.
will be held at Dover, Saturday, April
12. Delegates will be expected to be
there and those interested will spend
a profitable day.
Thomas Banning Of the Light and
Water plant is improving his property
at the corner of Washington and
Barker streets by grading the lawns
and new fences.
There will be box and shadow So
cial at Laws school on Wednesday
night, April 18th. If the weather does
not permit it will be held on the next |
clear night. Proceeds to go towards !
the school picnic. Everybody is invit-
ed. Come and have a good time.
The Senior Glass of the Milford |
High School will hold bake on Sat
urday, April 12 in Pierce Hardware
store beginning at 10 o'clock. Pies,
cakes, doughnuts, Delaware biscuits,
and bread will be sold. Proceeds will
be used for commencement expenses.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
REV. NOEL ]. ALLEN TO
LECTURE in MILFORD

Rev. Noel J. Allen of the Depart
ment of Game and Inland Fisheries,
State of Virginia, who is touring Del
aware for the purpose of telling far
mers and spOrtsmen how to control
the crow has accepted an invitation to
speak here.
Rev. Allen will deliver a lecture on
''The Menace of the Crow" at the Ar
mory on Saturday evening, April II,
at o'clock, and all citizens, especial
ly farmers and sportsmen who are the
chief sufferers of this feathered pest
are requested to attend. Admission
will be free and no collection will be
taken up.
Rev. Allen has had ample chance to
study wild bird life both in this cOun-
try and abroad and we feel that our
people will derive great benefit from
attending this lecture and thus learn
ing from such a reliable authority as
Rev. Allen just what the crow is do
ing and why war is being waged
against him.
There are a number of people who
feel that concentrated move toward
the elimination of the greater portion
of these marauders is entirely wrong
as the crow does considerable good.
Rev. Allen has stated that he will
welcome any questions or arguments
that may be presented at the lecture
in defense of the bird that has been
convicted by the sportsmen of this
country. With this thought in mind we
believe that the lecture should be a
lively one.
We feel that we are indeed fortu-
nate in being able to secure the SER
vices of Rev. Allen and trust that our
citizens will take advantage of the op-
Dortunity of hearing him. The ArmOry
will be open at 1880 on Saturday ev-
ening before the lecture at 8.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
SOCIAL

A social was given John wilkins
Sunday school class on Friday even
ing, March %, in the social room of
the NJ P Church, by one of the class
mates, Mrs. Thelma Savage. The even
ing was very enjoyable spent in play
ing games, after which refreshments
were served. Those present were Mrs.
Thelma Savage, Mr.. and Mrs. John
wilkins, Mrs. Clarence Emory, Mrs.
Nellie wilkins, Mrs. Freeman Bennett,
Mrs. Bessie Smith, Mrs. Hattie Ben
son, Mrs. Hattie Williamson, Mrs.
Mary Donovan, Mrs. Harry Emory, the
Misses Agnes Camper, Anna Smith,
Lulu Davidson, Leola Davidson, Sallie
Donovan, Mildred EllingswOrth and
Ruth Reynolds.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
MARRIED
MOORE-WEBB

Miss Elsie Spencer Webb, daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Webb, of Milford,
and Oscar T. Moore, of Dover, were
united in marriage at Harrington on
Wednesday evening, March 26, 1924,
by Rev. G.. A. Morris.
VAN ORMER- R-COVERDALE
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter c. Coverdale
announce the marriage of their -daugh-
ter, Alice Gertrude, to Mr.. Harry R.
Van Ormer of NorristOwn, Pa, on
April 2, 1924 The bride is a nurse at
the NorristOwn State Hospital, and
the groom a prosperous business man
of that place. The young couple have
the best wishes of their many friends
for happy future.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
M. P. CHURCH ASSIGNMENTS
Rev. c. R. Strausburg Is Returned
To Milford For Another Year.

Rev. c. r. Strausburg, pastor of the
Methodist Protestant Church in Mil.
ford, has been returned to Milford fol
another year. The appointments as
announced by President Humphries OF
the Conference show about fifty
changes this year. The appointments
for the districts other than Baltimore
and Washington follow:
Cambridge Appointments
Cambridge-R. Y. Nicholson.
Cambridge Circuit-D. w. Anstine.
Cannon. w. Stucliffe.
CarOline-C. F. Cummings, supply.
Carroll Circuits. R. Martin, sup
ply.
Cecil. G. Lynn.
Centreville-W H. Hodges.
Chestertown-N. o. Gibson.
ChincOteague, Vat. J. lurking
ton.
Clayton-L. E. Haddaway.
COncOrd-M. e. DearhOlt.
Conquest. P. George.
CriSfieId Appointments
Crisfield-C. M. Elderdice.
Lawsonia-V. A. Miller.
Mariners-F K. McCorkle.
Crumpton-C. @. Quillan, supply.
Cumberland-First Church-H. 1.
Schlincke.
Mapleside and Fairview-TO be
supplied.
Melvin Chapel. A. Trader.
Deer Creek-TO be supplied.
Deer Park. N. Link.
Delmar-B. A. Bryan.
Delta-B. w. Kindley
DentOn-J. c. Hooker.
DOrchester-G. E. Turner.
Dover and Leipsic-Avery Donovan.
Easton-E. T. Reed.
Elizabeth. J. w. Balderson.
Fairfax, Va.-O. G. Brewer.
Fawn Grove-Frank Holland.
Federalsburg-G. E. McDOrman.
Felton-A. w. Belts, supply.
First Church, Newark, N. J.-E. c.
F'inksburg- K. McCaslin.
Franklin City-Ziba Adams.
F'rederick-G. R. Donaldson.
Georgetown-J. T. Bailey.
Glenburnie-C. E. Dryden.
Greenbush and Tasley-Guy Leister
Greenwood-C. M. Adams.
Grove-F. J. Phillips.
Harbeson-C. M. Cullum.
Harmony, w. Va. F. Wooden.
Iarpers Ferry. w. Parrish.
HarringtOn-G A. Morris.
Hawley Memorial-T. o. Grouse.
Howard-G. H. Stocksdale.
Hurlock-J. A. Wright.
Indian River-Dorsey Blake.
Kemptown-F. M. Volk.
Kennedyville-J. w. Trout.
Kent Island and Laurel
Kent Island-.T. J. Betechler.
Laurel-A. w. Ewell.
Laurel Circuit-F. M. Cliff.
Leeds-F. S. Cain.
Lewes-W. D. Wilson, supply.
LewistOwn-E. c. Coleman, supply.
Liberty-W. A. Sites, supply.
Lisbon-C. H. DObsOn.
Lynchburg-J. H. Lynch.
Mardella-A. H. Green.
Marley. 7. Fenby.
Middleway-A. J. Harpel, supply.
Milford-C. R. Strausburg.
Milton-J. W. Townsend.
Mount Nebo-C. R. Bright supply.
New Church-E. c. Graham.
New Market-P. M. R. Schauer.
Nichols Memorial-T. G. Jones.
Northumberland - Claiborne Phil
ps.
Oak Grove and Prince Georgia..
Y. Simms.
Oxford-H. W. D. Johnson. :
Parksley-E. H. Jones. I
Patapsco-To be supplied.
Il
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
TWO-HEADED CALF BORN
I ON HARRINGTON FARM

VA two-headed calf was horn on the
farm of Mrs. Josephine Todd, near
Harrington, on Wednesday. The ami
NAL has two heads-with four eyes,
four ears, etc. It can eat with either
head without any apparent hardship.
In fact seems to like to shift from one
head to the other.
This will be quite a curiosity to
people in lower Delaware, who no
doubt will go for miles to see such a
freak of nature. Mrs. Todd seems
quite proud of the addition to her barn
yard stock
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
REAL ESTATE SALES

The Sewell j. Whaley farm of AZ
acres, located in Slaughter Neck, was
sold in front of the Old Windsor Ho-
tel. in South Milford, last Saturday
afternoon by the sheriff of Sussex
county. It was bought by Charles
Kinder of near Bridgeville, for $720.00.
The judgments against the farm
amounted to $500. There is a small
dwelling on the farm.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
SOCIAL ITEMS

Mr.. and Mrs. NJ Haswell Pierce en-
tertained at bridge last Friday even
ing. Fifteen tables of ladies and gen
tlemen enjoyed the evening.
On Tuesday evening Mr.. and Mrs.
G. Marshall Townsend entertained the
married folks at bridge. Thirteen ta-
bles were present.
Miss Ida Draper will entertain the
ladies of the Bridge Club, together
with their husbands and gentlemen
friends this evening at her home.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
ODD FELLOWS WILL VISIT
MILFORD FRIDAY, APRIL IS

Many members of the order of Odd
Fellows are planning to come to Mil
ford next Friday night, April 1S, to
attend a class initiation for lower
Delaware in the Milford ArmOTy. The
degree work is expected to be given
by the crack team of Eden Lodge of
Wilmington. A large number of can
didates will be taken to Milford from
the different lodges in Sussex county
for the occasion.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
NEIL OBRIEN IN TOWN NEXT
THURSDAY WITH WHOLE CAST

The largest minstrel show that ever
played in Milford will appear here on
next Thursday evening, April 18th, in
the Plaza Theatre, when Neil o.
Brien's troupe of minstrels will play
a one night stand. This company is
one of the largest, if not the largest,
now playing in the United States. If
you like a real minstrel show be on
hand next Thursday-yOu will not be
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
EASTER DANCE

The annual Easter dance, given I'M
der the auspices of Walter L. Fox
Post, No. 2, The American Legion, at
the Dover State Armory, on the even
ing of April 21st, at nine o'clock, will
close the winters social season.
In previous years these dances have
been wonderful successes and greatly
enjoyed This years program prom
ises more success and a much better
time for everyone.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
OBITUARY
THOROUGHGOOD

News Of the death of Edward J.
Thoroughbred, nephew of the late
George M. Thoroughbred, for many
years a prominent lumber man of
Georgetown, has been received here
from HermOsa Beach, Cal, where he
lived. His death occurred suddenly on
Monday from an attack of heart
trouble. Mr.. ThorOughgoOd's father,
Edward Thoroughbred, now residing
in Iowa, formerly lived in lower Della
ware. The deceased was a nephew of
Mrs. Mary Hirsch, of Milford.
POTTER
Mrs. Hettie E. Potter, wife of Henry
D. Potter died at their home, four
miles from Milton on the road to FL
lendale Wednesday, April End, 1924,
age 81 years, months and 10 days.
Funeral Tuesday at the M. P. Church
in Milton at o'clock. Interment in
Odd Fellows cemetery, Milton. She
was a Christian woman. Her husband
is local minister and exOrter. They
were formerly from northern New
York They have been in this State but
Samuel ]. Wilson and Son, funeral
ulT6CLOTS.
BALDWIN
Saturday. April 5, 1924, at noon,
Marjorie Baldwin died at her home,
near Milford. She had been ill only
a few days, and the sudden develop
ment of pneumonia was very unex-
pected. Miss Baldwin was born in
Chula, Virginia, but she had lived near
Milford since she was a child. She
was a member of Milford Grange in
which she was we'll known for her
successful work in raising chickens.
She leaves her mother, Mrs. George E.
Baldwin, a brother and two sisters.
services were held at the
home on Monday afternoon by Mr..
Bunstein, and she was laid to rest in
the Odd Fellows cemetery.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
LIMERICK NO. s

The Chronicle, in conjunc-
tion with PettyjOhn's Phar-
macy, offers the following Linn
erick this week. Supply the
missing line.
Said Rolly a catch of note,
"At bat am always the goat.
/ swing like a gate,
About two minutes late.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11

Eggs are cheap and the broody
hens are on the job of Matching.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11

Hogs jowl and turnip greens are
healthy diet.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11
Rules

Rules
All answers must be brought
to Pettyjohn's Pharmacy not
later than Thursday, April II.
The prize for this week will
be a two pound box of Whit
mans Candy.
Milford chronicle., 1924-04-11

Advertising space IN "MIlford
Chronicle" ls sold on basls Of
guaranteed circulation Of over
5000 copies each week.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20
AUDREY WILLIAMS
IS JUNE BRIDE
POPULAR YOUNG LADY BE.
COMES BRIDE OF JOHN A.
ERICKSON.

With only immediate members of
the family present at the home of
the brides parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Thomas H. Williams, Wednesday at
noon, Miss Audrey Williams became
the bride of John A. Erickson of
Mountain Iron.
Rev. G. G.. Curtis of Duluth read
the marriage vows and Arthur w.
Schutzmeister of st. Paul and Miss
Marcella Williams, sister of the
bride, were bridesmaid and grComs-
man.
The bride is too we'll known here
to need an introduction to our read
ers. She has been connected with
the Ely schools for the past several
years, formerly in the capacity of
teacher of public speaking and last
year as a grade teacher. She is a
graduate of the Ely schools and of
a finishing school in Chicago. Her
many friends congratulate Mr..
Erickson in having won so charming
a bride and wish her all possible
happiness.
After a brief wedding trip to
points in the south and the cities,
the couple will be at home at Noun
tain Iron, where the groom is en-
gagged in the banking business.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20
Notice for Bids

Ely, Minnesota, June 10, 1924.
Office of the City Clerk.
NOTICE is hereby given that at
a regular meeting of the City Coun-
ell of the City of Ely, Minnesota, to
be held in the Council Chambers in
the City Hall at o'clock P. M.
Tuesday, July /, 1924, Sealed Pro-
posals will be opened and consider
ed for the furnishing of so tons of
Calcium Chloride, at a stated price
per ton F. o. B. Ely, Minnesota.
Each bidder is required to fur
nish with his proposal statement
of the average analysis of the cal
cium chloride he proposes to furnish.
A certified check in the amount
of ten per cent. of the amount bid
must accompany each proposal.
The City Council reserves the
right to reject any or all bids.
Proposals should be addressed to
the undersigned and marked plainly
upon the outside of the envelope
Proposal for Calcium Chloride.
By order of the-~City Council.
A. o. KNUTSON,
City Clerk.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20
CITIZENS MILITARY
TRAINING CAMPS.

The War Department in offering
the training free of charge to the
young men of the nation at the
Citizens Military Training Camps,
does not require those who accept
the offer to obligate themselves for
future military service, it has been
announced. The government is prim-
arily interested in building men
not soldiers.
In signing the application blanks
to attend any of the training camps,
the young men do not make a con-
tract which will bind him to attend
ance even. If unforeseen circum-
stanres render it inadvisabl,, he is
at perfert liberty to withdra his
application at any time. Any early
filing of the application, however,
will insure him being selected for
these free summer camps.
The camps in the Seventh Corps
Area will be held from August l to
August 80, at Fort Leavenworth,
Kans., Fort Des Moines, Ia; and
Fort Smelling, Mimi. Young men
between the ages of II and "a are
eligible and everything necessary to
IHc Training OI the naLlOH young
manhood, including railroad fare,
food, laundry, equipment, medical
and dental attention while at camp,
will be furnished free of charge.
The following courses are offered :
Basic Course-For men with no
previous military service.
Red Course-Applicant must be
a graduate of the basic course or
have had training equivalent there
to.
White Course-Applicants must
have a grammar school education
and possess qualities of leadership
fitting them to act as none mis-
stoned officers and specialists.
Blue Course-Applicants must
have high school education or its
equivalent and general qualities
which will fit them for the officers
reserve corps.
For information and application
blanks, write to Citizens Military
Training Camps Officer, Army Build
ing, Omaha, Nebraska.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20
FORMER ELY YOUNG MAN
WINS u. OF MICH. HONORS.

Phillip Miller, son of Mrs. Ida
Miller of Iron River, Mich, by rank
ing first in class of 125 seniors in
the dental college of the University
of Michigan, was awarded a schol-
arship in oral surgery by the board
of judges. Mr.. Miller's scholastic
record is one of the best recorded in
the dental department of the univer-
s'ty.
The scholarship gives Mr.. Miller
another year of school at the ex-
pense of the university, permitting
him to complete his master of surg
cry degree. He will receive his d.
d. S. degree in June and on June
8 took the state dental examina-
tons.
Mr.. Miller was born in this city
and is the son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Frank Miller who were at one time
in the electrical business here, the
elder Mr.. Miller being city electri-
clan at the time. Mrs. Miller is at
present clerk of the village of Iron
River and the family will be remem-
bered by many in this city.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20

Mr.. and Mrs. E. Evans celebrated
their fifth wedding anniversary
Sunday also the birthdays of their
sons, Charles and Ward, the former
A years of age on the 18th and the
latter 2 years on the 14th. Mrs.
M. Brown, James Tonkin and fam
lily, Norman Brown and family, Mr..
and Mrs. A. bakers, Mr.. and Mrs. j..
M. Brown of Ely and Mrs. R. Koska
of Marble were the guests of Mr..
and Mrs. E. Evans to help celebrate.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20

Thos. E. Miller. past president of
the Ely Rotary Club, left Saturday
for Toronto. Canada, where he goes
to attend the convention of Rotary
International. While the western
and northwest members of Rotary
left Duluth FRIDAY by boat for the
east, Mr.. Miller found it more ex-
pedient to 90 by train via. the Du-
luth South Shore & Atlantic, making
his lay over at the 500 isstead OF
Chicago. That he will have fine
trip goes without saving and the
meeting is one of the best ever held
by Rotary.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20

The Community Band gave an
other of it's fine concerts on the
porch of the Community Center Fri
day evening and large crowd lis
tened to the excellent program.
These concerts are regular feature
every Friday evening and the public
is cordially invited to take advant-
age of the opportunity offered to
listen to these programs. No charge
is made as the concerts are fur
nished by the city in the program of
entertainment for the people.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20

The Rotary had as guests We'd
nesday evening, Mr.. ]. A. Childs of
the state public health department
and DIR. j. E. Thompson, city veter-
marian. Both of these gentlemen
addressed the Rotarians, the former
on the scope and aims of the state
department and the latter on the
work of the veterinarians. Both
addresses were educational and very
instructive The ladies of the M.
E. church served the dinner and
during the evening a trio composed
of H. P. Reinshagen, Jr., piano,
Richard Jones, clarinet and Henry
Jones, saxophone, rendered selec-
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1924-06-20

"The Hoosier Schoolmastel a
film version of the popular book by
the same name, will be presented at
the Opera House next Monday and
Tuesday evenings. The proceeds
of the production will go to the
benefit of the Presbyterian church
building fund. Several committees
of ticket sellers are out and report
the sales good. The play is one of
the cleanest and best going and
those buying tickets will be assured
of good show besides helping in
the cause.