davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-05-16
COURAGE
II am the master of my fate,
l an, the captain OF my SOUL"
-HENLEY.

Vilhjalmar Stefana3on was told
that his ideas of Arctic exploration
were folly and he was warned that he
was condemning himself to death
when he set out to test his theories
Accustomed to hard knocks and to
roughing it in the west, he believed
that he knew how to conquer the
pitiless north alone.
Son Of an Icelander who migTa ted
to Canada, he was born in a cabin
near Lake Winnipeg, in 1879. Eigh-
teen months later the family moved
to North Dakota Working on his
fathers farm. twenty miles from a
railroad. he attended school and
earned from woodchopping. he en-
tered the University of North Da-
kota- from which he was dismissed
in his third year for mischievous dis
respect to a professor. A journal
ist in Grand Forks, he was nominated
struction, only to be disqualified be-
cause he was not of legal age At
ire University of Iowa and at Har-
ward he delved into anthropology and
won the Thaw scholarship
After a trip to Iceland as eth
tx
pedItion, he began his explorations
In 1906 he arrived in the upper
Hudson Bay region in a light over
coat and a serge suit, determined
TO prove his theory that an explorer
could live off the country. He
learned from the Esliimos and SO
improved on their methods that he
red them in famine season. Cross
ing alone from the Mackenzie Delta
to the headwaters of the Porcupine.
ne went down on a raft, still alone.
TO the Yukon and returned home.
Back in the north in 1908. he nav
igated the Mackenzie and lived off
the country four years. He began
ms third trip in 1913, and after five
years in the barren wastes he cur
loose from all communication and
completed his explorations living
on Dear and seal meat and sheltering 2
only in snow houses
Ste1anaSon is author Of numerous
works on the Arctic, fellow of
learned societies and is famous for
ms many discoveries and for tea oh :
ING the governments of the United
states and Canada the vast riches
| of their northlanda
Copyright, 1924. by c. C. POWELL
Evening star., 1924-05-16
Police and Fire Pay.

The Senate last night, at a session
endar, passed a number of local meas
ureS of minor importance, and finally,
just before recess at IL O'Clock, it also
passed the House bill fixing the sal
aries of officers and members of police
and fire departments of the District of
Columbia. Certain amendments were
adopted, notably one which establishes
the park police force upon a basis of
uniformity with the metropolitan po-
lice organization, and therefore the bill
must go back to the.IIouse for its ac-
ceptance of these changes or, if they
are not acceptable at first, into con-
ference for adjustment. Inasmuch as
there is nothing in the amendments
which challenges criticism it is alto
gether likely that the bill will soon be
given final passage.
1t is gratifying at last to have this
bill, with its measure of justice for the
members Of the two protective depart
ments of the District government,
ment into law. The policemen and
firemen Of the District have never
been adequately compensated. There
have been inequalities in their pay
rates. Certain faults of schedule have
continued for years. Now a scale of
nav which more closely approaches
the point of right dealing with these
valuable, faithful guardians Of the
public peace and security is about to
be established.
Washington has been notorious
among American cities for the poor
pay of its policemen and firemen. De-
spite long-continued efforts to secure
a better rate OF compensation these
men have trailed in comparison with
similar municipal employees elsewhere.
the District policemen and firemen to
the average of American rates.
1t is very poor economy to cut the
cost of police and fire department
maintenance for the sake of saving
dollars The first essential in the or
ganization of these forces is high char
acter. In recent years it has been diff
ficult to secure for these departments
men OF physical ability and moral up
rightneSS. to measure up to the stand
ard. Vacancies in the ranks have been
hard to fill. The rate of pay did not
attract the right sort Of men, and it
was by rare good fortune that those
already and long in the service re-
mained, despite temptations to leave
for better paid employment elsewhere.
With this pay scale established it
will be possible to recruit the ranks
of the two departments and to main
tain them at high standard. The city
will be better served and the govern
ment will likewise secure a higher de-
gree of protection, as partner in the
Capital municipality.
Evening star., 1924-05-16

named as the successor. Foley, how
ever, held a remunerative position, as
surrogate, which pays about SIT 500
year. The leadership pays nothing.
To maintain himself he would have to
practice law while leading" the
Tiger. He demurred, and when con-
fronted by a committee of eminent
Tammanyites and state Democratic
leaders he finally yielded. The argu-
ment that won him, it is stated, was
that he had been richly rewarded by
his party with positions of steadily
increasing importance and he now
owed it to the party to pay it back
by giving his services. So he ac-
cepted. His acceptance held for less
than twenty-four hours. He has now
finally declined to take the leader
ship, giving as the finally compelling
reason his physicians prohibition on
the ground of impaired health.
There is ground for sympathy
for Judge Foley in his declination. He
is not of the boss type of leader.
He is a scholarly man, quiet In habit,
devoted to the law. He is congenially
situated in the surrogateship; and he
would have to start afreSh in his law
work if he quit the bench. OF course,
he might make big money ION the
side" Tammany leaders have done
so in the past, but Foley is apparently
not the sort to do that; and, more
over, there is an excellent chance
that the new Tammany leader, who
ever he may be, will serve, in real
power, only so long as Gov. Smith
remains in office at Albany. For he
has become, through Murphy's death,
the real leader of his party in the
state. whoever may hold the title on
14th street for the present.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
Henry Ford Read Out.

Michigan Democrats showed their
peevishness at Henry Ford's recent in
dorsement of President Coolidge's
presidential candidacy by reading him
out Of the Democratic party in their
state convention yesterday. The press
dispatch says that the resolution of
accommodation went across with a
whoop." The resolution recited that
Mr.. Ford had publicly indorsed Presi-
dent Coolidge, that he had never with
drawn his candidacy on the Demo
cratic ticket and that the Democrats
of Michigan ignore him entirely.
This action would seem to fix Mr..
Ford's political status definitely and
settle the hitherto vexed question Of
whether Mr. Ford is 4 Democrat or a
Republican. He is unlikely to keep in
with a party that formally repudiates
him. Well. he knows he is welcome
in the Republican party, he and the
followers who may come with him,
and it is probable that their name is
legion.
When Mr.. Ford announced his sup
port of President Coolidge's candidacy
the opinion of politicians is that he
unquestionably brought to the Presi-
dent votes of the independents who
stand with Mr.. Ford and will gladly
follow wherever he goes. The Michi-
gan Democrats did their party a dis
service, looking forward to November,
when they threw Mr.. Ford out yester-
day, because their action will be re-
sented by Mr.. Ford's friends through
out the state and even the country,
and will bring President Coolidge valu-
able reinforcements at the polls.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
Butler, Choice as Coolidge
Manager, Pleasing to Editors

Selection by President Coolidge of
William NJ. Butler of Boston to be
chairman of the Republican national
committee, succeeding John 7. Adams
of Iowa, causes no surprise in edito-
rial circles. For the most part edi-
tors agree that it is a logical choice
on the part OF the President; further-
more, that it indicates the President S
desire for complete change of party
mana gers.
The Seattle Times independent
Republican, points out that "Mr. But
ler has had charge of President Cool
idge's preconvention campaign, which
has prospered SO amazingly that it is
a natural thing to look to him to
guide the party in the coming cam
paign," and with a Coolidge organi-
zation in charge there is little doubt
that the President will be elected by
a large majority" In his remark
ably successful canvass for delegates
favorable to the Presidents nomina-
tion," the Springfield Republican Gin
dependenD mentions; ne has accumu-
lated invaluable political experience
and information from every state in
the Union, and no one else could use
this capital to such advantage as Mr.
Butler could in the campaign for the
candidates election" Moreover, no
other one mentioned for the chair
manship has Mr.. Buffers intimate
knowledge of Mr.. Coolidge, or to such
an extent the Coolidge viewpoint. or
in an equal degree Mr.. Coolidge's con-
fdence:'' The Worcester Telegram
(Reppblican) also believes "Mr. But
ler possesses expert equipment for
the conducting of political cam
paigns," for, although "a cool, if not
Actually frigid, and cloistered being
in his personal life, his political
vision is penetrative, he is sound in
Judgment, sagacious in council" The
Brooklyn Eagle (independent Demo-
resourceful, and his experience in
practical politics justffies his selec-
ton"
Indorsing this view. the New York
Herald-Tribune (Republican) declares
further: He is the type of organizer
needed nowadays to direct a national
canvass. Such task requires alert
ness, patience, decision and a faculty
for hard work. Mr.. Butler as chair
man will, doubtless, revert to normal
conventions. He will recognize the
Limitation of his assignment, which
ought to end practically with the
election" That is more than prob
able, and, too, 'It is entirely fitting
that an era of normalcy should be
followed by normal Republican
campaign" continues the charleston
post (independent Democratic), which
claims "the selection may be classi-
fed at once as IDEAL The important
thing, the Salt Lake Tribune (Repub-
Iican1 suggests, is that Butler is a
1onr-tested and stanch friend of Mr..
Coolidge, and, while he did not loom
large in the public eye until MIR. Cool
idge succeeded to the presidency. he
is rated as a decidedly capapie poll
tician" In thus early designating his
choice for party management, the In
dianapolis Star independent Repub-
licanJ holds '.the President has dem
onstrated foresight and a. wise deter
minatien to take no chances, and to
overlook nothing merely because the
opinion is growing that he will win
Evening star., 1924-05-16
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN

@. What is the seating capacity OF
the Riaito, the Palace, Tivoli, Metro
politan, Polls, the Nationally.
n. Fl.
A. The approximate seating Of
these theaters is: Rialto. 1898;
Polls, 1853; National, 1,761; Keith's,
1923; Palace, 2,432; Tivoli, 1881; Met
ropolitan, 1,542.
Q. Why is a constitutional amend
ment necessary to change the date OF
the beginning of terms of President
Vice President and members of Con-
gress?-O. Y. +.
A. The Constitution fixes the terms
of President and Vice President at
four years, of senators at SIX years
and representatives at two years, ana
any change in time inducting new
men into these positions would affect
the term of Office of the incumbents
1t is, therefore, necessary to amend
the Constitution to make the change.
O. Should the thin paper mem
brane on the outside of lamb and
mutton be removed before cooking ?
L. f. n.
A The fell" as this is called,
should be removed. 1t aosorbs the
odors of the refrigerator, carries a.
Woolly smell, and is tough. No sea-
soning will quite deaden the flavor of
the wool if this skin is not removed
Q. Where was the grass obtained
that is being used in the Indian jun
fif + M. at the NF'''Sn A1p0S'''0"
A. This grass was brought to
Wembley from India to be used In
reproducing the jungle.
Q. Must a second class post office
have city and rural delivery?-R. +. A.
A. The grade of a post Office is de-
termined by it's gross receipts. The
post office at Smackover, Ark, for in
stance, is an office of the second class,
but has neither rural carriers nor city
delivery.
Q. OF whom was it said that he
came through the cemetery" TO the
presidency?-H. T.. d.
A Peter Dunno wrote thus of
Theodore Roosevelt
Q. Who owns and operates wire
less station Will? think it opero
ateS on a wave length OF ABOUT 5uo
meters.-O. o.
A. The call letters WILL come from
the Wachusett, operating on 800
meters wave length. This is ship
owned by the United States Shipping
Board.
@. What are the principal Madon-
mas A. NJ. w.
A Among the best known Madon-
mas are the Madonna of the Rocks" "
by Leonardo da Finci; THE Madonna
of the Rose Trellis," by Luini; the
Meyer Madonna, by Holbein; The
Madonna of the Goldfinch," by
Raphael, and The Madonna Of the
Stairway" by Michelangelo. There
are literally hundreds of beautiful
examples of interpretations of this
subject. Another notable canvas is
The Cowper Madonna" by Raphael.
@. In what line of work are the
most women employed?-A. X. w.
A. Stenographers and typists head
the list of woman workers in the
United States, with a total of 564, f44.
Q. What is the exact meaning OF
"demi tasse Pr. s.
A. Its exact meaning is half
glass" but the term is applied to
small cup for or of black coffee.
0. What relation is there between
the terms "magnifying power and
diameter of telescopes?-P. II.
A The bureau of standards says
that a telescope may be built with
Evening star., 1924-05-16

easily in November" Although But
Ter is u comparative stranger to the
country-except as the country has
come to know him favorably in his
management of the Coolidge pre-con-
vention campaign" the Grand Rapids
Herald (Republican) maintains his
credentials are such as to guarantee
q wholesome Improvement over
Adams, who has been an insufferable
meddler, persistently mistaking him
self for the chosen spokesman of true
RepublicaniSm."
In this connection" the ST. Louis
Post-Dispatch independently says that
Adams mot only assumed to dictate
the policies of the Republican party,
all men of sound moral and political
sense by his course with reference to
the exposures of corruption in the
departme entS at Washington; there
fore, Mr.. Coolidge decided it was
time for him to assume the active
leadership of the party, lest under
Mr. Adams leadership, there would
be no party left to lead" This opinion
is approved by the Milwaukee Jour
nal independently, which admits sit
is good thing that Mr. Adams is to
GO, although Mr.. Butler may prove
as bad for ''he may be another
servant of those who are willing to
make a President, if they can use
him, but the nation can hope it will
be spared the humiliation Of a ma
tional committee rebuking the Presi-
dent"
The Miami News-MetropoIis Demo
| cratic) also refers to Adams as being
"out of touch with the political
| thought of the country and the pro-
gressive thought of the great masses
Of the Republican party" but 'cMr.
Butler. while unschooled largely in
| political tricks, at least is friendly to
| the President and may be counted
upon to go the limit in the way of ad-
vancing the Coolidge cause" There
is another circumstance which seems
to enter into this matter with sig
nlf1cance, according to the Springfield
News (Democratic), and that ''is that
the President is becoming conscious
of the fact that unless he makes a
display of leadership he is going to
presidential candidacy in bad shape
| to face the electorate" but "if the
old guard is to understand by recent
developments that Mr. Coolidge pre-
fers to run his own campaign, there
may come a test of battle that will
be interesting to observe from the
| side lines"
"All things considered" the Boston
Transcript independent Republican,
| feels, 1T will be generally admitted
|
| the party" The Davenport Democrat
and Leader (Democratic), however,
insists ''it is a change which will not
be greeted with enthusiasm this side
| Of Buffalo, N. (which, in the opin-
ion of the President and his New
England neighbors. is where the west
begins furthermore, Something
ought to be done to correct this drift
| of Republican management to the far
| east. or the results will be reflected
at the polls next November" The
Syracuse Herald independently also
notes that "his selection now for
leader in the campaign of this year
shows how completely national Re-
publican politics has been centralized
| in the Bay State, which can make
| claim to the President, leader of the
Senate, Speaker of the House, the Sec
| retary of War and other sons of
Massachusetts in foremost positions
in all branches Of the national gov
ernmentr
Evening star., 1924-05-16

any relative values of magn,nca.,o,t
ana diameter. but there is an ur3eeE
unit OF magnification which repre-
sents the greatest useful maEnl f~a
tlon for any given diameter Isvr ane
astronomical telescope, the macnlIi- r
catlon VIII rarely be more than forty
tunes the diameter of the telescope
opJectlve in inches and in most caceSi
lne atmospheric condition will make
the use of a lower power advisable
Q. Where is the petrihed forest ou.
West?-N. o. /.
A: The petrified forest Of Arizona.
ls in the eastern section of tina
state and contains 25,625 acres.
9. What shape was Roman togao
worn as a loose outer garment by
citizens when appearing in public, con
sisted of a single large piece o.
cloth OF shape approaching d sem
circle.
Q. How thick is plate glass'-7
n. Polished plate glass varies in
thickness. 1t can be made as thin
as one eighth of an inch, or as thick
as one and one-half inches. The
plate glass in general use is from
three-sixteenths to five-siXteenths Of
an inch thick.
Q. How many years has it been
possible to talk from New York to
San Francisco by long distance?-
T. l..
A. The Chesapeake and Ohio Tclc-
phone Company says the long dis
tance line between New York and San
Francisco was first opened on Jam
uary 25, 1915.
O. How long are the rails used in
railroads ?-J. G. r.
A. The Bureau of Railway Ecnrom-
ics says that the standard length of
a steel rail is 33 feet. However, there
are many rails used that varE from
so to so feet in length. Rails vary
according TO location, longer ones be
ing used in tunnels, shorter ones on
mountains.
Q. What was the original "A No.
1"?-K. l.
A. The term "A No. l" originated
as a symbol used in the classification
of wooden ships by Iloyd's Martime
Insurance Association. 1t denoted
that the hull and equipment of the
ship in question were in good conoi-
ton.
Q. What was the meaning of
"Oom" PAUL. M. C.
A. The word "Oom" as applied to
Paul kruger. ia tous President OF the
Transvaal, is a butch word meaning
uncle
@. why were N-rays SO called
v II.
A. Roentgen rays were called \
rays by their discoverer on account
of their enigmatical character.
O. What is an unfrocked minis
ter?-D. w. r.
A. An unfrocked minister is a tern
used TO denote man who, having
accepted the holy orders and been or
dained by the authorities OF the
| church with which he is AFFILIATED
| has transgressed the laws of doctrine
| or morals and been declared unnt 70
administer the sacraments. orul
nances administered by such man
would not be considered valid by the
| governing body of his church
(Let The StGr Information BiTsa
! Frederic j. Hdskin, Director, isSu
| North CdpitoI street, Gns1oer your qileS-
| tions. There is no charge, eIcept
! cents in stamps for return post19.
| write your name aud address cLeGTfy.l
Evening star., 1924-05-16

authorities fall short Of their RESPONSE
bilities there are citizens who are will
ing to shoulder the work. Public play
grounds and supervised play have
come to be municipal necessities. Chill
dren should not be turned loose to
play amid the great dangers Of a city.
Washington is not adequately fur
nished with public Fairgrounds for
children, and the people will keep this
subject in mind.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Not for HeZ,

Not for Hez.
IT shouldn't like to be "a boss"
Said Hezekiah Bings.
"'Such honor may involve a loss
Of more important things.
OF course, I'd fain be wise enough
And strong enough, some day,
To smooth the places that are rough
Where human feet must stray;
But 1 should not desire to shake
My fellow mans repose
And put across my own mistake
Because I say, That goes"
Nor for my glory from me toss
The joys affection brings.
I should not care to be a bos'w
Said Hezekiah Bings.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
In a Few Words

One trouble with the average farme r
is that with the biggest and soundest
of assets he is the worst borrower
in the world. He has inherited a hor-
ror Of debt
JOHN KIMBERLY MUMFORD.
Iwould rather help to build friend
ships than battleships. From a Scots
point of view they are more eco
nomicaL
SIR HARRY LAUDER
London is not fit to live in. II go
for a walk 1 am covered with smoke
and CRIME. Englishmen don't mind
washing all the time, but l am an
IFishman and i dislike it intensely.
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW.
1t is a sad fact that the more gov
ernment does the less popular it be-
comes LLOYD GEORGE.
The man who gets the Democratic
nomination will probably write his
own platform.
-GEORdH e. BRE1yNAN Dem-
oratic Leader, M.
Evening star., 1924-05-16

Under the present circumstances a
meeting between Poincare and Mac
Donald could not be expected to re-
suit in any step toward definite official
understanding between France and
England. And time has become too
precious to be spent in mere visiting.
Evening star., 1924-05-16

Scientists are still in doubt as to
whether Mars is inhabited. The
theorizing is full of interest and re-
mains free, as yet, from any sugges,
cations.
Evening star., 1924-05-16

A soviet boycott against German
goods on account of Berlin's treat
ment of a Russian trade delegation
only adds another chapter to long
hard-luck story.
Evening star., 1924-05-16

For campaign purposes, number
of experts with wet constituencies are
inclined to let the rest Of the Constitu-
ton take care of itself while they con-
centrate on efforts to reinterpret the
eighteenth amendment
Evening star., 1924-05-16

A bust of Mark Twain has been
unveiled in New York's Hall of Fame
The eminent American humorist could
have written something very droll
going to happen.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
Foley Does the Finnegan Act.

1t is a case of "off again, on again,
off again" for Judge Foley-they
call him Jimmy" when they are not
in court. over there in New York
with respect to the Tammany leader
ship. When his stepfather-in-faw,
Charles F. Murphy, died recently,
Foley was at hrst mentioned and then
Evening star., 1924-05-16

The idea of tax reduction is so popu-
Mr as to cause inevitable rivalry
among statesmen as to who shall have
credit for it.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
In to the Individual

Up to the Individual.
There's one great beauty about
prohibition said Senator Sorghum.
What is that"
Even If the laws are hard to en-
force every citizen can make his own
environment absolutely dry If he
Evening star., 1924-05-16

The Evening Star. with the Sundsv morning
edition. is delivered by carriers within the
city at so cents per month; daily only, AZ
cents per month; Sunday only, 20 cents per
month Orders may he sent by mail or tele-
phone Main 5000. Collection is made by car
riers at the end of each month.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and VIRGINIA.
All Other States
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled
10 the use for republication Of all news dis
patches c-editad TO it or not otherwise credited
IN this Tst,rf and also the local news pub.
lished he -so An rights of publica ton OF
kpecial dlAa tches herein are also reserved.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
Peace and War.

With guns the bandits now appear
And so do the police.
We have no war-that's very clear
But this is far from peace.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

New York Office: 40 East 42nd st.
Chicago Office: Tower Building.
European Office: IS Regents ST., LONDON, England.
Evening star., 1924-05-16
Handicapped.

your boy Josh isn't much Of a
speller.''
mo" answered Farmer Corntossel
'rYou can't expect him to be so won.
derful quick in pickn' up learnin'. He
was educated at one OF these 'Slo
Schools you see advertised all along
the automobile routes"