davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-02-04

President Wilson brought with MIN
to the executive chair some ideas OF
his own as to the conduct of the office
He cast precedent aside in many
things and played the Official game
as he thought best.
For more than 100 years Presidents
of the United States had transmitted
their recommendations to Congress
concerning legislation by means OF
messages, and had kept away from
the halls Of Congress to avoid charges
that they were trying to influence a
separate branch of the government.
Mr.. Wilson, instead of writing mes
sages, jumped into his automobile and
went directly to Congress with his
views. reading what he had to say
from a prepared document. During
his term Of Office he sent few written
communications to that body, and on
all important matters he appeared be-
fore the two bodies in joint session
and told the assembled congressman
what he thought best for the country.
Often Had Used Capitol Room.
Frequently during his term the
President availed himself of his priv
ilege of using the presidential room
in the Senate chamber for confer
ences on important subjects, foreign
and domestic, with democratic and
republican senators. Before that
Presidents went to the Capitol only
in the closing hoYrs to sign bills.
Evening star., 1924-02-04
WILSON is HONORED
AS FIREFIGHTER
Ry the Associated Press.

Ry the Associated Press.
GULFPORT, Miss, February Am
the death yesterday of Woodrow Wilson
pany lost an honorary member, who OBJ
tanned place on the roll because of an
incident that occurred nearly eleven
years ago while the then President was
spending a Christmas vacation at Pass
Christian, near here.
The President, his family and several
others arrived in Pass Christian OH
Christmas morning.
Carrying out orders to devote himself
entirely to rest and outdoors, Mr.. Will
son sidetracked ALI affairs of state and
devoted the days to golf or motoring.
1t was on one of his motoring trips
when the President discovered Smoke
Judge ]. Fl. Neville He rushed to the
house to warn the occupants: who did
not realize. the place was in flames.
Mrs. Neville opened the door and i'm
mediately recognizing the President, in
vited him to come into the parlor.
Not now." Mr.. Wilson cried. II
think your house is on fire and we've
come to put it out
He then took command of the battle
against the flames and. with the assist
ance of his party, soon extinsuished
them. The Gulfport hook and ladder
company arrived on the scene just
the Presidents impronptu fire CONF
pany put the finishing touches to the
blaze. A few days later the fire COM
pany conferred upon Mr.. Wilson al.
honorary membership In the orsanix&-
ton.
Evening star., 1924-02-04
Wilson, as Executive, Shattered
Precedents in Conduct of Office

They did not go to press upon the
LEGISLATORS their views as to what
should be done. For doing this he
has been charged with tampering
with a separate and Independent body
that should not be Influenced from
except by public opinion. The Presi-
dent, however, maintained the posi-
ton that he was sponsor for the pub
lie thought of the country as to leg
islation, and that it was his duty to
transmit the opinions of the voters
He never considered it improper to
deal personally and directly with
senators and representatives.
In fact, Mr.. Wilson was so disre-
gardful Of precedents and prejudices
that Fridays and the thirteenth or
the month, even when they fell upon
the same day, were looked upon as
docs" for him. His intellectual at
! tainments frowned upon supersti-
tfons and he never hesitated to start
any large undertaking on Fridays or
the thirteenth. He signed his name
with thirteen letters and he often
One President of recent years shared
the superstitionSthat IL he spoke of
his health being unusually good ne
must touch wood or illness might
overtake him. 1t was about his only
superstition. Not so Mr.. Wilson.
Filled Only Important Positions.
Mr.. Wilson smashed the long
existent idea that the White House
should be a mecca for patronage dis
tribution and quarrels. When he came
into office he turned over to his cabi-
net officers the duties Of going through
all applications for office and making
Evening star., 1924-02-04

United States demanded a salute to
the flag. which. critics of the Wilson
administration took delight in point
ing out, never was given.
Events in Mexico solved their own
problem in a few months when Car
rama, another newly risen leader,
elected Huerta. who fed. American
troops were withdrawn from Vera
Cruz. But Mr.. Wilson had had one
experience with Mexican affairs and
he did not recognize Carranza either
In fact, no government in Mexico was
recognized for ten years-long after
Mr.. Wilson had gone out of office.
The Mexican problem came back to a
republican administration for settle
ment- "Watchful waiting" was not
alone Mr.. Wilson'S
Criticized for "Weakness.,
Mr.. wills was much criticized for
weakness in handling the Mexican
situation, but his friends said he saw
a world war coming and had told
them he did not propose to have the
United States caught with one hand
tied behind it's back" He did not
propose to he engaged in a war with
Mexico at such time. AT all events
the world war broke the same year.
Woodrow Wilson added his appeals
to the futile effort to stay it. sitting
by the bedside of his dying wife on a
memorable August 6, 1914. Mrs. VIII
son passed away that day. and with
a world taking fire about him. he took
her body to her girlhood home IN
Rome. Ga, for burial. The President
was almost prostrated with his grief.
and returned alone to the Nhlte
House to face his burden. Mr.. VIII
sons friends always said that from
the first Mr.. Wilson saw it would be
world war and that the United
States eventually would be drawn in.
But he realized that the coantry
drawing its population from the
states of Europe which were going to
war would face much divided SEN
timent and a very difficult situation.
His first words to his countrymen
were caution to strict neutrality.
Advised Neutrality.
Mr. Wilson's efforts were devoted
to keeping his country neutral until
the submarine outrages began. He
was at first unable 10 believe that
the atrocities had the sanction of the
German government. but was con-
vinced when they sunk the Lusitania.
That incident brought the first rift
in his official family. William Jen-
nings Bryan, Secretary Of State. an
avowed pacifist, opposed Mr.. Wilson's s
course and left the cabinet.
Mr.. Wilson, nevertheless, went
ahead and warned the German gov
eminent against saericinE the lives
diplomatic correspondence which con-
tinued for two years. the President
built up a record which reached its
climax when he handed passports to
Count Johann Won Bernstorff, the
German ambassador, and asked Con-
gress to declare war, which 1t did.
With that the President led the ma
tion into the tremendous effort be-
fore it.
Meanwhile, with a world war all
about him, Mr.. Wilson had found
time for an affair of the heart. He
had met Mrs. Edith Boiling Gait, the
widow of Washington merchant.
Their courtship was swift and they
were married December IS, 1915.
There were no children of this sec
ond marriage.
Second Victory Close.
A presidential election had inter-
vened before the country went into
the war and this time Mr.. Wilson's
republican opponent was Charles
Evening star., 1924-02-04
HIGH LIGHTS IN NOTABLE CAREER
OF FORMER PRESIDENT WILSON

Born December 49, a
60 At the with his parents Augusta
In 1870 fanily NOV c. the father
Presbyterian Theological Seminary.
At he entered Davidson College, at
prominence in the IA
Of the University of
Virginia
1882 a office at Atlanta, Ga
of 1885 going Bryn Nawr
he Wesleyan University
Wesleyan until 1890 when he was called to Prince
the chair of Jurisprudence and politics.
Princeton in 1902
Resigned September. 1910 when
columns forth ime 1892.
Baltimore. Nd, nominated for presidency
November
a White House, August 6, 1914
1915 remarked his second wife being Mrs Edith
sending T the tied Vera Cruz.
of strict neutrality
Reelected Of
leans following the Lusiania. May 7. 1915
to
December 1918 for the participating
Versailles conference
the
his policies on the peace terms
France, March 5, 1919
The Versailles June 2s 1919
turnedt to 1919
of behalf
with speech n Columbus Ohio, September 4. 1919.
tourun Ill Wichita September &c 1919
of
ingo September
4 1921, andt residence at 234O street
Died a. 1924. at Washington. D. C
Evening star., 1924-02-04
PunctuaIity "a Characteristic.

His punctuality in his appoint
ments at the executive offices was
commented upon often. He did
not see many visitors and to each
was allotted q certain time for calling.
He thought that any man ought
TO be able to state his business
N fifteen minutes and few callers
were given more than that time II
they tried to stay longer the Presi-
dent found some polite way of init
mating that he thought he understood
what was desired and was through
with the conference This plan en-
abled Mr.. Wilson see each visitor
practically on schedule time. AIR.
Wilson's doorEeepcr and secre-
taries, all old and experienced White
House employees. never knew a PreSi-
dent who kept so closely to his sched-
ule. MIR. Wilson finished his days
work in his office at ! o'clock each
afternon and went to his luncheon.
He seldom was late, and most of the
time left almost on the minute. The
number of his callers made no diff
ference as rule. He liked, above
everything else, in Il visitor. brevity
and directneSs. He appreciated the
man or woman who launched directly
into what was to be said and wasted
no time with inconSequential details
Visitors allotted over fifteen minutes
were those calling in groups, with
several speakers among them wish
ing TO make speeches and arguments.
Evening star., 1924-02-04

upon it. too. The President was his
own stenographer and typewriter
when he wanted TO be careful what
he said to the world. In answering
the letters of friends and attending
to large amount Of official CORE
spondence and communications he
availed himself of the services of his
stenographer, Charles Swem, one of
the fastest men in the business. He
dictated to Sven each morning be-
fore going 10 his office and often in
the evening
Evening star., 1924-02-04

He thought it pretty general in Gen.
tral America and he told confidantes
It was going to stop. He withheld
recognition from Huerta and the situ-
ati6n boiled until Huerta troops at
tackled some American bluejackets at
Tampico and Mr.. Wilson ordered the
occupation Of Vera Cruz by the Amer-
lean Army. The official reason given
for the occupation was that the Ger
man ship Ypiranga was about to land
arms and ammunition for Huerta and
the occupation was to prevent it. The
Evening star., 1924-02-04

Given Honorary Degrees.
The honorary degree of doctor OF
laws was bestowed upon him by
Wake Forest College (1S87J, Tulane
University (1s93), Johns Hopkins
(1902). Brown University (1s03), Har-
ward University -(1so7). williams Col
lege G90sl and Dartmouth College
(1s0s). Yale made him doctor OF
literature in 1901.
Life was a pretty we'll settled affair
for him while he was president Of
Princeton. It's great oaks, shaded
lawns and historic halls furnished
the settings in which Mr.. Wilson did
much of the literary work which
later was to attract the world. he
probably had little thought of being
snatched into the maelstrom of poll
tics and war. He drew some public
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
FoRrIeN RONps
DUN,S REVIEW

NEW YORK, Aug. 23.-(special)- R. G. Dun & Co.'s current summary of general business follows, in part:
 Actual gain in business has not come other than slowly and irregularly, but basic conditions foreshadow continued improvement. Supplementing the de- cided change for the better in the ag- ricultural situation in this country, the favorable outcome of the London con ference on German reparations has add ed to the constructive forces in the situation and has further increased con- fidence. Despite the fact that activities have not broadened in all branches of domestic enterprise, general sentiment is unmistakably stronger and there Is common expectation of a progressive ex- tension of the commercial revival. The trend in most of the major industries is toward a recovery in production, follow ing several months of sharp curtailment, and steel output has risen about 15 per cent above the low point of the sum mer. Assumptions at some textile plants which have been closed is significant of the progress in that quarter, while the prospect of a larger cotton crop than had been anticipated has tended to bring about a modification of the high prices for that staple, which have been a drawback to normal trading in fin tshed goods. Yet Dun's list or whole sale quotations again shows an excess of advances, various markets having been strengthened by the decrease in stocks of merchandise resulting from the prolonged restriction of manufac- ture. Although there does not appear to be anxiety about future supplies, a scarcity has actually developed in some
 instances and more buyers are be- ginning to give consideration to prob able forward needs. With the sound fundamental conditions, the outlook is for continued business expansion along conservative lines,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
NEW oRLEANs CoTroN

NEW ORLEANS, Aug. 23.-The cot ton market was tame during the greater part of today's short session, but de- veloped quite a spurt of activity in the last quarter of an hour of trading on rather liberal selling induced by an estimate of the crop by a prominent New York operator, who predicated 13,- 800, 900 bales. As a result, prices reached the low level of the day in the final trading, although the last sales showed a rally on fears that the tropical storm would strike the Carolina coast.
 The market opened Il to 12 points down from yesterdays close, and dur ing the call October traded at 24.99c and December at 25.06c. The market ruled very quiet during the greater part of the session, fluctuating within a few points until the end, when prices eased off rapidly, October dropping to 24.63o and December to 2475c, but showed a disposition to rally in the last minute of trading. The close showed net losses for the day of 26 to fl points, October scoring the great est loss.
 The main influence in the market was the expected government report, and such trading as developed, except around the close, was belated evening" up transactions for both sides of the account. The tropical storm was more or less of sustaining influence. .i
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
RAILROAD BONDS
 SHOW ACTIVITY
Most Of List, However, Is Unsettled And Ranges
 Narrow


 NEW YORK. Aug. 23.--Exeept for a better tone to st. Paul and several other rail issues, bonds again were unsettled in today's moderately active trading. Price movements on the whole were held within narrow limits. with further re- sessions taking place in foreign govern ments and many domestic corporation bonds. @-
 A rally in Ss. Paul liens was at tributed both to reports that directors would consider the roads refunding program at their meeting next week and that buying of St. Paul stock In the open market had been credited to ln- ,terosts acting for the Van Swerlngens. Net gains in the active issues ranged from l to K points.
 After a period of early weakness, liberty bonds recovered and were frac- tionally higher on the day. Foreign obligations, however, were irregularly lower, severaleof the French city issues receding aspUtnt.i Following a contraction of about s100, ,000, 900 in the weeks new financing, a larger number of new offerings was said to be in preparation for next week. Among the issues scheduled are S16,009,- GOO Louisville and Nashville 4hs and $12, 2,0o0,000 Pacific Gas and Electric 5s. The province of ontario's 20,000.o00 is- sue awarded to local bankers also will be placed on the market.
 Bond Market Averages
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
CORN SELLING
 LOWERS GRAIN Market. Is Staggered By Unusual Volume Of
 Liquidation

CHICAGO, Aug. 2s.-Temperatures above normal and likely to continue so for several days brought about heavy selling in the corn market today and forced a sharp break in prices of all grains. Corn closed nervous, 2hc to 6c net lower, December at $l06h @105ss, with wheat 2%c to Sc down; oats, 2bc to 2%c off, and provisions showing 1oc to 47@50c decline.
 So active was the selling of corn that prices for the cereal plunged downward until they had fallen about 16c a bushel under quotations which were current on Monday last. It was generally as- stunned that the unexpected warm sunny weather would go far to overcome the menace of crop lateness, and that in any event Ahe immediate stimulus for. urgent buying of corn had been re- moved Furthermore, the market was staggered by an unusual volume of liquidating sales resulting from ex- hausted margins and from standing or- ders to stop losses at various specified limits.
 Substantial price rallies in the corn market, however, were witnessed during the last hour. Much of the late demand came from commission houses that were in possession of authority to pur- chase either for previous sellers who could collect profit for traders willing to speculate on chances that, the irn- proved weather would fail to afford an adequate remedy for handicaps against a plentiful yield this season.
 Notwithstanding that wheat export business in the last three days was estimated at 6,500,000 bushels, the wheat market moved parallel to corn values. Big receipts of wheat were also bur den on prices and were expected to be perhaps more so on Monday. Increased arrivals of oats likewise appeared prob able.
 Provisions tumbled with corn and hogs.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
STOCK VALUES SLIP BACKWARD
Sporadic Short Covering
 Brings Rallies Which Fail To Hold

NEW YORK, Aug. 23.-Stock prices &bpped to lower ground under the weight of another large volume of pFofit-taking sales and short selling in teday's brief session of the market. Sporadic short covering brought about a few rallies, but they failed to hold. Net losses in the active issues ranged from fractions to points, with many i popular shares developing strong re- sietance points, indicating strong buy ing support just below current levels.
 Weekly trade reviews, while opti- mistic in tone, stressed the fact that improvement in many lines of business has been rather slow, which seemed to confirm the belief of many traders that the. recent upswing discounting the re- vtval of trade had been overdone. The reaction of the last few days, which has carried some issues as much as or 10 points below their recent highs, has been widely regarded as a cor rection of this overbought condition.
 United States Steel common was un- der pressure with most of the other standard industrials, but strong buying support manifested itself just under 10S, the stock closing at that figure for small fractional net loss. Baldwin and American Can lost about a point each.
 Steady accumulation of the St. Paul issues, each of which closed more than a point higher, was one of the few , features of the session. This buying was attributed in some quarters to the announcement that the directors would meet next week to take up the refund- ing of the heavy obligations falling due next year, and in others to rumors that, the Van Sweringens were seeking control as part of their alleged plan to establish a gigantic transcontinental system.
 Other rails showed mixed changes, largely of a nominal character. New York and Harlem, which recently re- corded a sensational advance, broke 2 points on one sale. Pere. Marquette 1K and Louisville and Nashville and Western Maryland second preferred l each.
 Fisher Body broke points and South Porto Rican Sugar, Nash Motors, Amer 1can Express, International Business Machines and United States Realty dropped ? to points, but the turnover in each case was relatively small Cop pers were again heavy despite rumors that powerful financial group had been organized to operate in those stocks. Associated Dry Goods rallied more than points and then lost about half it's gain. Cuban American Sugar preferred, Manhattan Guaranteed Ger fificates and Goodyear prior preferred sold at their highest prices of the year.
 Foreign exchanges continued reac- tionafy, with trading restricted pending further developments in the separations situation. Demand sterling fell about 11hc to just above $4.4S, and French francs ruled about points lower around 535c. Canadian exchange again touched par, presumably in reflection of the transfer of the American dollars to Canada as a result of the recent financing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
COTTON MARKED
 BY EVENING UP Government Crop Figures About In Line With
 Expectations

NEW YORK, Aug. 23.-The govern ment's cotton crop report placing the condition at 64.9 and the indicated yield at 12,900, 900 bales was not pub lished until after the close of the fu- lures market here today. These figures were about in line with expectations, but uncertainty as to their showing had restricted fresh business and led to further evening-up of accounts. As result of these operations, December sold off to 25.07c under a comparatively small volume ofsliQuidation and closed at 25.15c, compared with 25.S2c at the close of the previous day. The gen. eral market closed irregular at net declines of Is to 24 points.
 The market opened barely steady at unchanged prices to a decline of 10 points. Prices stiffened up few points during the first few minutes on cover ing promoted by the reiteration of en- couraging trade reports from Lam cashire and possibility that the tropical storm reported east of Florida might cause rain on open cotton along the Atlantic coast. This demand was read lily supplied around 25.75c for October and 25.35c for January, however, and the market worked off later under renewed liquidation and a little hedge selling, accompanied by reports of light showers in the southwest. October sold down to 25.52c and January to 25.15c, or 20 to 25 points net lower. The close was within a few points of these Quo- tations.
 The market was closed 45 minutes early to avoid confusion which might have resulted from the publication of the condition figures coincidentally with the making of final quotations. There were various conjectures as to Liver pools action on Monday morning. The condition figures were slightly under the average of recent private reports, but the report was most generally com mented upon as tending to confirm 13,- COG, 900 bales, estimate of the crop.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
DRY GOODS

NEW YORK, Aug. 23.-Cotton goods markets were quiet today, awaiting the government cotton report. Fur mar kets were active in consequence of ap- preaching raw fur auctions and de- mands by the cloak and suit industry for finished furs. Wool goods were bought in moderate way for spring un- der the new prices announced earlier in the week. Silks were bought stead fly. Linens were steadier, with trade better in dress linens and household linens. A more active week is looked for in cotton goods when the crop re- port has been steadied.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
bond Market AveraEes
BONDS

NEW YORK, Aug. 23.-The market was under considerable pressure during the days session, although offerings were for the most part well taken. Ru- mors of an increased General Motors dividend, an announcement of SkeIiy Oil rights to subscribe to company's new note issue and favorable predictions of earnings on International Telephone and Telegraph were the outstanding de- veIopments of a market session which was practically devoid of real inter est. The close was uncertain and showed a desire on. the part of the speculative fraternity to even-up commitments over the week-end.-Fenner 6 Beane to Kahn & Virgin.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-08-24
COTTON SEED OIL

NEW YORK, Aug. 2S-Heavy selling of cotton seed oil by commission houses and the south, following weakness in lard and grains, caused a violent break today. The market closed weak at 42 to 75 points net loss on active posi- tions. Prime crude, nominal; prime summer yellow, spot, 13Q13.75c; Sep tember closed at 12.80c, October at 11.6Sc, December at 1O.1Oc and March at 1O.25c, all bid