Evening star., 1924-10-01
WAR ANN|H!LATED
|BY SECURITY PACT,
/ TRAINERS ASSERT
League Assembly Urged to
Recommend Acceptance on
Several Governments.
PROVIDES FOR ENFORCED
ARBITRATION IN DISPUTES
Report Indicates Belief Curb On
State Sovereignty May Be
Needed Ultimately.

State Sovereignty May Be
Needed Ultimately.
' tIc A>~n-,atcJ Pres
GENEVA. October 1.-The amended
draft protocol on arbitration and Sc
curity was presented to the assembly
of the League of Nations for its APP
| proval today, accompanied by gen
eral report. historical and analytical
in nature. by NJ Polit;s OF Greece ant
DR. Benes of Czechosloyakia. ofiicia
reporters for the two commissions
which Jointly Framed the document.
Special chapters are devoted to con
d@mnation OF aggressive war. com
rulsory jurisdiction of the Worlt
'ourt of Justice. the strengthen. o1
pacific methods of procedure. tn,
domestic jurisdiction of states, sane
,ionS and reduction of armaments, al
Of which form features of the
| nrotocci The conclusion Of the re-
oort. which fills % printed pages. con
| aims observations of general ma
} ire.
Declares War Ended.
Our purroSe." says the report. was
% make war impossible--to Kill il
!. . aunihilaIe il. The plan drawn up
leaves no loophoIc; ii prohibits wars
II every description and lays down
Ne rule that all disputes shall be
settled by pacific means"
Tf the smallest opening were left for
any measure Of force. the whole sys
ten would collapse. it adds. and to
this end arbitration is provided for
every kind of dispute. and aggression
defined in such 4 way as to give no
.auSc for hesitation when the coun-
ii of the league has TO take a de-
.Sion.
The reporters declare that these
reasons led the trainers of the proto-
col to fill in the gaps in the league
covenant and define sanctions in such
q way that no possible means could
he found for evsding them. and that
there would he Il sound. definite basis
Tor Il feeling of security.
Renders Service 10 World.
The peace of the world is at
stake" the report continues. The
nth assembly has undertaken work
OF worldwide mportHnce.7-w'rich, If it
succeeds is destined profoundly to
modify present political conditions.
If We succeed. the League Of Nations
Will have rendered incstimable serV-
ice to the whole modern world
The report ends by begging the as
sembly to examine the proposals with
care and 10 recommend them To the
various governments for acceptance.
Tha problem Of the domestic juris-
dirtion of states, raised by the ia p
ancse delegation, is treated at great
length. InSiSteuCc is made that the
protocol in no way derogates the rule
OF article Nv Of the covenant. which
@rotcctS national sovereignty, but
that lin order that no doubt may ex-
list. il appears advisa BILE to say so
expressly"
Nevertheless while the principle of
article NE OF the covenant is main
tanned. NJ. PolitiS and Dr. Benes eX-
plain that it has been found neces-
sary, in order to make its applica ton
more flexible. to call in aid the rule
of article Nj OF the covenant which
makes it the leagues duty. in event
of war, to take any action deemed
wise and effective to safeguard peace
and obligatcS the secretary general
to SummuG a. meeting of the council
at the request of any member of the
league.
Can Call for Action.
Thus the reporters say. when it has
been recognized that dispute arises
out of Il matter solely within the
domestic jurisdiction of one of the
parties. that party or its opponent
will be fully entitled to call upon the
council or assembly to act.
3 The report then makes a point
deemed by the iursts to be of great
Importance" as follows:
Article NT Of the covenant does
not deal with situations which are
covered by rules Of law capable of
application by d judge, it applies only
20 cases which are not Vet regulated
by international law. Consequently
IT demonstrates the existence of loop
holes in the law. The reference TO
article NJ will be an inducement to
science to clear the ground for the
work which the League of Nations
will have to undertake with a view TO
bringing about, through development
of the rules of international law, a
closer reconciliation between the in
dividual interests of members and the
universal interests which it is de-
signed TO serve"
Curb on state Sovereignty.
This is deemed here to be another
way of saying that many problems
now claimed to be domestic in nature
are really international, and that this
category might include social prob
lens like immigration, equita BILE
treatment for foreigners and other
matters alluded to though not spe-
cifically mentioned. not only by the
Japanese but also by the 'llians In
q sense it is regarded as reitera-
tion of the idea that the time is ar
irving when States must be willing
TO curb state sovereignty in the COM
Ion interest OF all countries
Another feature of the report of
special interest to Americans is a
declaration regarding the settlement
Of disputes arising between state
which has signed the protocol and
states which have not signed it and
tions. The report emphasizes that
in order that signatory states may
enjoy the essential advantages Of
fercd by the protocol, it is provided
that when a conflict arises with a
-signatory that state shall be
invited to conform to the new pro-
cedure of pacific settlement, and
that il it refuses and resorts to war
it shall be amenable to sanctions.
Two resolutions were presented to
the assembly. One recommends ac-
ceptance of the protocol by member
governments; invites adhesion by
nom member states and requests the
council to arrange for n conference
on reduction of armaments next June
at Geneva. The second recommends
.4at all states accept at the earliest
possible moment the compulsory ar
h'-ratton clause of the World Court,
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