davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Cloth Coverings Good
Against Mild Frosts
Heat Generated During Day
Is Conducted to Surface.

prepared by the United States Department
OF Agriculture)
Coverings of rather heavy cloth laid
directly over garden truck or other
low growing plants are effective in pro-
tecting against moderate frosts, the
United States Department Of Agricul-
ture reports. The heat from the ground
and the plants is thus conserved, and
the losses of heat by radiation from
the plant to the sky are cut off more
oyer, the air movement is SO slight
near the ground that there Is little
tendency for the cold outside air to be
forced under or through the covering.
The temperature of the surface of
the cloth exposed to the sky Is lowered
by radiation and may fall to a low
point, but as both the cloth itself and
the air underneath it are very poor
conductors of heat, the temperature of
the covered plants falls much more
slowly. The heat that has penetrated
few inches into the ground during
the day is slowly conducted to the
surface during the night and aids in
keeping the temperature under the
cover above the freezing point.
1t is evident, therefore, that cover
ings of this kind should be placed
early in the evening when a frost is
expected, before much of the heat ac-
cumulated In the soil during the day
has been lost Tin cans or other metal
coverings should not be used to protect
plants from frost. Metals are good
conductors of heat and are also good
radiators unless very highly polished
Therefore the temperature is likely to
fall nearly as low under covering OF
this kind as in the outside air.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Average Yield of Honey
This Year Is Decreased

Prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture)
The average yield of honey this year
above the food requirements of the
bees is 80 pounds per colony of bees
as compared with 81 pounds least year
and with 46 pounds the average for the
period 1922, the United States De
partment of Agriculture reports. The
department reported earlier in the year
a 2 per cent decrease in numbers of
working colonies last spring, as COM
pared with the spring of 1922.
| Yields In New York, Pennsylvania,
Michigan, Tennessee and North Caro-
lima are equal to or higher than the
state averages for 1892, but in most
states the yield is less than average.
Yields In Texas and in southern Cali
fornia were unusually low, the flow of
nectar from sage and other desert
plants In California being nearly a
complete failure, and the honey crop
from orange bloom being very short.
Comparatively little surplus honey
was produced this year in many sec
fions of the Ohio valley, the lower Mis-
sissippi valley and in most of the cot
ton belt In the cotton belt consider
able loss of bees Is .reported to the de-
partment due to poisoning Of cotton
plants in combating the boil weevil.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
tuberculosis Infection
in Many Parts of Body

prepared by the United States Department
Of Agricultural
A study of the obscure parts of the
body in which bovine tuberculosis Is
found shows that no important organ
or portion of the body is likely to re-
sist the infection. The skin, bones,
eye, heart, udder and other regions
where the disease is seldom looked for
may be the seat of tuberculous infec-
ton.
According to the records of the bu.
reau of animal industry, United States
Department of Agriculture, LESSONS of
the disease have been found in 81 diff
ferent parts of bovine animals. So
called obscure LESSONS have been re-
sponsible in some cases for live stock
owners to doubt that cattle which re-
acted to tuberculin test were actu.
ally diseased
The increasing knowledge of tube
culosis and its eradication, however
according to Department of Agricul-
ture veterinarians, shows that the dis
ease is practically always present
when an animal reacts to the tuherc,l-
lin test. But it is difficult in some
cases to find the physical signs. owing
to the large masses of flesh and tissue
that must be examined to find the
proof. More frequently the disease is
plainly evident on the inside of the
body wall, on the liver, in the lungs or
tissues that are visible at the time of
slaughter.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
GREAT TEACHER OF yEnactTif I
Socrates, Originating Genius Of Com
mon Sense, an Influence In Anglo
Saxon Civilization.


At the dawn of modern history
stands the figure of an old stone-cut-
ter; attractive and quaint, likeable and
eccentric, but wholly unimpressive ;
the last man in the world sculptor
would take for any aspect of human
glory.
No picturesque dust OF the wilder
ness stains his shabby garment; no
prophetic fire burns in his rather ludi-
crous eyes. On the contrary, he Is a
playful, a whimsical, waggish, an
ironical person; in form, comic and
clownish, so that he Is nkened by one
Of his friends to a cottage loaf; in
nature, nearer akin to Bunyan, Samuel
Johnson, Sir Thomas Browne, or even
Charles Lamb, than to John the Bap-
fist, Mohammed, Luther. Robesplerre,
or any other firebrand of history.
Such was Socrates, the originating
genius of common sense, the great
teacher of moral and intellectual YER
acity, one of the profoundest infiu-
ences in our Anglo-Saxon civilization.
"A Gentleman With a Buster, in
"Seven Ages"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
CONFUSED BY OZARK STAGE
Actors Frequently Are Befuddled
When Lights Are Shut of at
End of Scenes.

In an American quick-fire play there
occurred one rapid change of scene
which made 1t impossible to fix the
scenery in position Portions Of 1t,
therefore, were held up by concealed
stage hands. Miss Lord had to rush
onto the darkened stage just as her
stage husband was committing suicide
and utter piercing shrek.
On the night in question she mis-.
took her bearings in the darkness, and
gave her shrek in the wrong spot. II
happened to be right in the ear of one
Of the stage hands holding up a piece
of scenery. He promptly responded
to her shrek with another, and fell
over one way, while his scenery fell
over the other. Then the shrieks be-
came general.
Somewhat reminiscent, this, of an
other story In which an actor lost his
bearings on darkened stage. The
sudden darkness was used instead Of
curtain at the end Of a scene. and
when the lights went up again for his
call he was discovered bowling to the
back-eloth!
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
CONSTANT FIGHT ON CRABS
oestructiveness Of the crustaceans
In the Wost Indies Is Something
Almost Beyond Belief.

The fisherman Of Japan has su.
preme contempt for the gigantic crab
Of his coast. which has nippers ten
feet In length, and when moving along
the bottom of the sea with Its claws
spread out covers an area OF % feet
or 20.
The destructiveness Of certain spe-
cies Of crab In the West Indies Is
remarkable, observes an exchange.
They are great borrowers and In To-
calities where they are plentiful-and
they multiply with the rapidity Of the
rodent-nothing Is safe from them.
They win eat the eggs on which a
hen is sitting, and just as readily the
leaves Of seeding coconut trees. They
effect In the West Indies practically
the same degree Of destruction on the
young coconuts as the sepoy crab does
in the East Indies. In each instance
some 8 to II per cent Of the seedlings
have to be replaced II they are plant
"a b the newly cleared ground fron1
whic4 the crabs havo not ben tAU
'eu1hly cleared out
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Vitamins Essential for
Laying Hens in Winter

That green feeds are of great i'm
portance In the rations for laying
hens is shown by the results of an ex-
pertinent conducted.b by the University
of Idaho poultry farm.
A lack of vitamin fat-soluble A in
the ration was found to cause dis
ease resembling roup. The eyes be-
came swollen, the threats became full
of small yellow patches, and post-mor-
tenn examinations showed a deposit of
white material resembling powder on
the liver and kidneys. Ten birds out
of twenty-five died in one pen from
this trouble. In an adjoining pen re-
ceiving cod liver oil, none died from
this disease. Cod liver oil is an excel
lent source of vitamin A. However,
cod liver oil cannot be recommended
as poultry feed. 1t is necessary to fur
nish the birds feed containing this i'm
portant Sxitamin if maximum. results
are TO be obtained. Alfalfa, peameal,
lettuce, cabbage and spinach are all
high in this vitamin. Besides, chard,
dandelion greens, carrots and clover
cuttings are good green feeds for main
tanning the health of the flock during
the winter months.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Essential Winter Feeds
for Average Hen Flock

Too many poultrymen rely almost
wholly on grain feeds during the win
ter. Green food, beef scraps, milk by
products and mineral matter are too
often omitted altogether orSfed too in
frequently and sparingly. Oyster
shell, prepared grit and charcoal,
ready for the fowls at all times, pro-
vide mineral matter. Cabbage, beets,
mangles and sprouted oats make ex-
cellent green foods; hung an inch
higher than the head compels needed
winter exercise. Any fresh vegetables,
even raw potatoes, are a whole lot
better than nothing of the kind at
ALL
For animal food. beef scraps serve
the purpose splendidly. Milk by-pred-
ucts, when low priced. are used with
excellent results and probably with
greater returns, comparatively, than
when fed to farm animals.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
axT -BARRACk" GOOD TRAP
odd Idea used by lrishman Said =
Have Had the Merit Of
Effectiveness.

A correspondent Of the British Med
ical Journal has unearthed the follow
'ng ingenious method Of dealing with
rats. which he found In Halls book.
Ireland" published In 1841:
mir. Russell has a rat barrack' on
ais premises. II is about II feet long
5 feet broad and feet high, with 8
coping-stone on the top that projects
couple of feet inside the wall. The
inside Of the wall is full OF holes that
just admit rats body, leaving the tall
outsfde. The whole Is covered with
old boards. There are two passages
for them to come out into the yard
where they are fed and never dis
turbed. The consequence Is they never
- into his store where the bacon Is.
@0nce every three months he closes
he holes that communicate with the
fard. He uncovers the wills, and the
rats all run into the holes. Their tails
are hanging out. A man goes In, takes
them one BY one by the tails and
throws them into q barrel, where the1
re all destroyed. to leave room II ;
nesh snpply.-
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
colors for Mournina Vary.

The colors used as badges of mourn
ing vary in different countries. In this
country, as in Europe, the ordinary
color for mourning is black. In China.
as with the ancient Spartan and
Roman woman, 1t is white; in Turkey
it is blue or violet; in Egypt, yellow ;
In Ethiopia, gray.
Some have attempted to trace the
associations which caused the adop-
ton of the various colors to natural
causes. Thus black, which is the pri-
walton of light, is supposed very APP
propriately to denote the privation Of
life; yellow is the color of leaves when
they fall and signifies that death Is the
end of all human hopes.
In the East, to cut the hair was con-
sidered sign Of bereavement; among
the Romans. on the contrary, 1t was
deemed mark of sorrow to let II
grow.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
GOWN WORN BY JOHN WESLEY
English Wesleyan Body Receives Gin
ct Robe That Belonged to Found
er of Methodism.

The Wesleyan Methodist Connexioa
has just received from one Of its lead.
ing laymen a gown that belonged to
the founder of Methodism, according
to the London Daily News. John Wes-
ley died in 1871. so that the garment
Is more than 130 years old.
Time has, of course. left its marks
upon the gown. Some parts are dis
volored and others are worn and
patched. The material Is heavy, and
upon it, worked In black, are flowers
and prancing horses. AS the great
preacher was little man, the gown
must have hung about his heels.
1t is claimed that the gown was q
preaching gown, but it Is very dia-
similar to the ecclesiastical garment
that, according to authentic recordA
John Wesley wore in the pulpit. This
one possesses an ordinary sleeve, and,
generally speaking, it seems to accord
with the style Of a black study-gown.
The donor Of the gown has also pre-
sented pair Of slippers belonging to
Wesley. These are In good condition,
and are Of the kind that he would
wear In his study.
Wesley, of'course, travelled through
out Great Britain and Ireland in all
weathers on his preaching tours, and
e was suggested that he wore thie
heavy gown as a protection against
atmospheric conditions.
The Wesley museum contains o
large number Of interesting relics Of
John and Charles Wesley. 1t possesses
the study chair Of John. and presently,
as gift from the donor Of the gown,
Charles Wesley's study chair VIII Be
placed there.
A large proportion Of the visitors to
the museum come from the overseas
dominions and the United States
where the interest in all that relates
to the early history Of Methodism b
F4Iy keen
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
GlRDLES FAMOUS IN HISTORY
Garment, Still In Favor, Made Vital
Distinction of Caste In oIdsn
Times,

The history of the girdle, says the
westminster Gazette, Is the history Of
civilization, and though, more than
most of the little matters of mode, it
has known very happily how to COM
bine utility and the decorative, yet It's
third and most interesting phase Of all
has lain In its symbolism. It has even
formed a bond between woman and
goddess, and If Helen Of Troy would
have been, metaphorically speaking, in
sore plight If she had had no girdle I'M
der which to tuck her skirts when she
fed with Paris, how many deyotees
would Venus have lacked If she had
had no magic girdle to inspire love and
charm hearts, so that even great Juno
herself, when she wanted very special
~ to please her husband, had to kneel
very humbly to borrow it.
In Rome man without a girdle
stamped himself thereby as a lazy,
good-for-nothing fellow, while 1t was
the girdle which made a vital distinc-
ton between matron and maid. Roman
girls wore girdles of white wool, curl
ously knotted, as emblem Of their girl
hood, and the unknotting of the brides
girdle by the bridegroom was an i'm
portant part Of the marriage ceremony
Bernhardt, who did nothing by
halves, wore no fewer than eight
girdles when she played the part of
Theodore. Il have just maddened my.
self thinking how eight girdles could
be .worn," wrote Burne-Jones. ut
wouldn't be fair to call necklace a
girdle, or a garter. Eight girdles-
however do they come? But / have
the greatest confidence In her. dream
of those eight girdles around that twig
Of the Oriental willow"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
[ ()(()lII0l|
SVgWg<gZ||
MATCHING GuINEAS IS HARD
Young Fowls Are Tender at First and
Must Be Kept Out Of Wet
Varied Ration Best.

Young guineas sometimes appear to
be deformed when first Matched, and
as rule the apparent deformity is
simply the result of a slow hatch.
When chicken hens or incubators are
used, it is an easy matter to give the
eggs proper attention Guineas resem
Intrusion, especially while sitting.
This alone would be sufficient reason
for Matching with chicken hens, or
with incubators, although there is still
another reason not given. Guinea hens
If not controlled will drag the young
guineas around through the grass in
all kinds of weather, and the result can
easily be imagined. OF course, young
guineas need exercise but they are
very tender at first and should be kept
out of wet grass or rain. They are
far less apt to take gapes if kept
dry. 1t is the same with chicks and
turkeys.
During the first few days after
guineas are Matched they have to be
fed cutie frequently. We feed little
every two hours. Dry bread, finely.
crumbled with little chopped
greens" such as lettuce or onions,
will always give good results. A little
coarse sand is sprinkled over the feed
at first, but this is not necessary after
they have learned to eat grit when
ever required However, sharp sand
and other grit should always be pro-
vided. Boiled eggs are not suitable
most sure to cause constipation. After
they are few days old they will eat
oatmeal dry, or cornbread. A varied
ration is better than any one feed.
When they are few weeks old they
will eat cracked corn, whole wheat or
whatever chicks will eat. When they
are a month old they should not be
fed more than three or four times a
day, and If they have good range, a
c-y little feed each time will be suffi-
.4:,. In fact, they could get along on
"a, feeds IA day. but we like to teach
I'M to come home for feed. They
great forage and if there are
any grain fields near, they will make
regular trips to pick up what they can
find among the stubble. Guineas, both
old and young, are good bHg-catchers
and they will not injure garden crops
as chickens are apt to do, because they
rarely scratch unless grain is thrown
among litter.-Poultry Tribune.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11

The busy hen is the laying hen.

. The busy hen is the laying hen.
The less exercise market fowls get
the more quickly they will faBteE.
When milk is used as the sole drink
for chickens no other animal protein
Is necessary.
Most of the losses of baby chicks is
due to the fact that they are improp-
erly fed during the first few days.
Meat scraps and also tankage will
help fill the egg basket. Add 10 per
cent of either to the grain ration.
Success or failure in the turkey bust
ness depends largely on the selection
of breeding stock. Health and vigor
should be the first considerations.
A good layer may be described as
hen having soft, red comb Bnd
.wattles, an intelligent head, good ca
pacity, plenty of vigor. carrying a
small amount of fat, soft plioble
skin, and well faded color.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Gardeners Adyantanes

Two men were out for walk ca.
day, and they commenced discussion
as to what was the best employment
to which to put their sons.
They discussed various businesses
and trades.
had been thinking Of putting INV
boy into the motor works. confessed
Robinson.
Hughes had been getting the worst
OF the argument, so he fell back on
humor to save himself.
Il think I shall let my SON becom,
4 gardener" he said quietly.
"a GARDENER retorted Robinson.
falling into the trap. "whyever a
gardener?"
Because gardener runs his own
mint, sets his own thyme, and raises
ats celery every year."
And they walked on for miles and
miles In silence. -
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Early Wood Carving.

Wood carving was common In very
early Egyptian sculpture. Some Of the
most realistic statues Of the ancient
empire were carved In wood, such as
the so-called "Shefkh-el-beleds ana his
wife, and number OF others Wood
was convenient ground for polychro-
matte decoration; thar is, treating the
carved figure with a thin coating Of
plaster upon which the artist has
placed his colors. This was very pop
nlar among Egyptian artists.
In Greece wood carving probably
was the earliest form Of archaic sculp.
ture. The late Greeks and Romans
used 1t comparatively little. but among
the most remarkable works Of early
Christian sculpture are the carved
wooden doors Of Santa Sabina, Roma.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
FIeur Used in Making Watches

Two barrels Of -four are used every
week In making watches at a we'll
known factory, which turns out from
2.000 to 5000 watches week. Since
a baker uses about three pounds OF
1our to Eve loaves OF bread, it follows
chat for every watch the maker uses
the equivalent Of third of a loaf. The
-four is made into dough and the
dough is used to hardle screws, rivets
and other small parts.
Each man in that part OF the bus,.
ness has lump Ok dough always al
hand. and when he wants to examine q
screw he japs piece Of dough on n
Then. turning II over, be has q good
chance to look at 1t with his watch
makers microscopic eyeglass. Many
Of the screws are too minute to pick I'M
easily with the fingers. and many
more, though large enough to be
picked up. would be 50 covered BIZ the
fingers or the forcere a. 70 BE- aimore
hidden from sight.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Grafton in Crimson eulch.

"You placed pitcher on the table"
whispered Senator Sorghum, ito the
chairman Of the reception committee
"but notice you didn't put any water
In it,
Il hurried around to give you tip
about that" said Judge Cactus Joe
(the title having been conferred on
him by popular consent for the pur-
pose of this occasion). left the wa.
ter out cause 1t 'ud only be in your
own way. See that Teller over there
with eyebrows as big as his mus
tachew
"Yes."
''That's Tarantula Tim. He makes
speciality of breakin' up meetin's.
That pitcher amt for you to drink out
of. It's for you to throw as straight as
you know how the minute you see Tim
shown sign of gettin' restless"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11

When the Spanish sailors were
roaming about South and Central
America they found q flower SO sym.
oolic of the Cruciflxion that they
named 1t the flower of the Passion. .
In the five-parted purple or lavender
blossoms with stripes OF white they
saw the Grove Of thorns and the five
marks of the wounds of the Savior
The styles were the three nails, and
the stamens were the hammer that
drove the nails into His hands and
feet. The floral leaves were the ter
apostles, Judas and Peter being absent
the one having betrayed and the othe,
denied the Master. The leaves were
the hands Of the prosecutors, and the
ciinging tendrils the scourges
Some Of the species Of the flower are
cultivated for the pale yellow berries,
Of the size Of a small apple. The root
of some species Il poisonous. the Juice
ken than acting lika morphinA
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Most Effective Ration
to Increase Egg Yield

The most effective ration for feed
ing hens and puliets as found at the
Ohio, experiment station consists of
mash, ground corn 6 parts, bran 8
parts. meat-serap 6 parts. by weight.
In addition a scratch ration of shelled
or cracked corn is fed so that the
fowls will consume twice as much of
he gSain as mash.
This ration decreased the cost of
feed per dozen eggs more than 20 per
cent as compared with other rations
and increased the production per pull
let more than so per cent. The tests
were made to determine the amount of
meat-scrap laying rations should con-
tain. s.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1924-01-11
Vigorous Gobbler Will
Care for Fifteen Hens

If good gobblers are scarce there is
no reason why two neighbors cannot
keep their turkey hens on the same
farm until such time as they have been
served by the gobbler. One service
from the gobbler is sufficient TO fer
tilize all the eggs that will be laid at
a succeeding egg-laying period. How
ever, when the turkey hens quit lay
ing another service will be necessary
before the subsequent eggs of the sec
ond laying period are fertile.
A vigorous gobbler will only serve
about fifteen hens.
1t would be somewhat less trouble
some to transfer the turkey tom rather
than the turkey hens. After one neigh
Dor is positive that the gobbler has
covered all Of the hens on his farm
the tom could be moved over to the
other neighbours farm.