davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
STEEL COMMON } POUNDED LOWER
Market Leader Brought Down When Bears
 Concentrate
',e By WILL JOHNSON
 ; tlsased Wire to The Aas.Heraid)


 NEW YORK, March 2o.-The bears, encouraged to any rash action in the stock market on the strength of the fact that very slow money rates are causing not ripple on the specula- i've. surface as far as stocks are con cerned. turned their lances on steel common with unexpected suddenness Thursday and the market leader was brought down with a thump. It's CO., norts, previously under attack, gave way in sympathy. Steel common start ed the day at 100%, and in the after noon was driven below par down to sSa for loss of more than 2 points. The weakness in steel was "a bitter plii 10 those who had abandoned the professional banks and were awaiting
 reaction. It was readily admitted that not in years have traders sxperi- enced such a mixed market It was a nard one to beat, and where a trader gould show gain in a certain issue ne had two losses in other stocks.
 ". Support Gives Way
 Steei was pounded so continually way the movement for the decline re- bonding to the rather heavy tone of the weekly steel trade reviews. United Aiioy suffered a loss of over 6 points m the space of few minutes on the announcement that the dividend had USCh fcuuCeu from $3 to y2. .-4 -l.[
 The natural result of the present enigmatic course of stocks is causing many traders, ordinarily participants in stock market proceedings, to enter the pond; section. This market was again unusually strong, aided as 1t was by the low rate for money--3 per cent. rms situation makes 1t essential for nstitutions to divert their funds into Eixed term securities where more prof. ltaoie employment can be found
 Liberties Enjoy Boom A boom started in Liberty bonds at the opening and before noon the lead. Ing issues had advanced an average of R-l6 to h, or 18% cents to 25 cents on the $lOO bond. Inquiry among dealers n government bonds revealed that vir- Euaiiy everyone in the market was 3lneo up on the buying side, while the principal sellers were banks, which were taking profits on bonds bought at recent low prices.
 French francs made a new, high at s.0514, but the movement here had no greet stockwise. Money on call re- newed on the stock exchange at : per eent, the lowest price since July IS ISz2 Outside of the exchange. cali gent. Pe-
 selling pressure was renewed, on the industrial issues in the final dealings Pn the stock exchange, and further osses took place in mostaof the active Ptocks Of this class under the influ- fnce sof weakness in steel. Through but the day high-priced rails were hgain by far the strongest features hpd a number of sharp advances oc, usred. Rubber stocks were notably
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
FEDERAL RESERVE
 BANK STATEMENT

WASHINGTON, March 20-Combined resources and liabilities of the 12 fed eral reserve banks at the close of busi- ness March 19 were reported tonight by the federal reserve board as follows:
 Resources-Gold with federal reserve agents, $2,098, ,170,000; gold redemption fund with United States treasury, $52,- 567, 900; gold held exclusively against federal reserve notes, $2,150, ,934, ,O00; gold settlement fund with federal reserve board, $606, TAT ,000; gold and gold cer- tificates held by banks. $374, ,164, 900; other than gold, $101 1852, ,ooo; total re- serves, 3,233, ,197 ,OOO; non-reserve cash. $51 ,137 900. Bills discounted: Secured by United States government obligations, $166, ,S26, ,000; other bills discounted, $264, ,425, 900; total bills discounted, $4S1, : 251, 900; bills bought in open market, $194, POS, ,0O0; United States government notes, $174, 4,577 900; certificates of in- debtedness, s103. .S36, 900; total United States government securities, $267, ,776,- 900; all other earning assets, $51 ,000; ; total earning assets, $922, ,1S2 ,000; 5 per cent redemption fund, federal reserve bank notes, $2s,ooe; uncollected items. $681 ,627OO0. Bank premises, $65, ,466 900; all other resources. $21, ,2s6, 900; total re- sources, S4,964, 1928 ,000.
 Liabilities-Federal reserve notes in actual circulation, $1. 1888, ,s4s 900; federal bank notes in circulation, net, $SS9, ,O0O. Deposits: Member bank reserve ac- count. $1,ss1 ,O42, ,0O0; government, $s,- 900; other deposits, $22, ,233 900; total deposits. $2,o12. .131 900; deferred avail in, $110. .s2s, 900; surplus, $22O, ,915, ,O00; all other liabilities, $14I02S, 900; total liabil- ities, $4,964. .s23. 900. t-
 Ratio of total reserves to deposit and federal reserve note liabilities com- bined, sos per cent. Contingent na- bility on. bills purchased for foreign correspondents, $9,769, 900.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
PRICES FORGED
 LOWER ON CURB
All Stocks Yield To Sell ing Pressure In Reac-
 ti0nary Session

NEW YORK, March 20.-stock prices developed a reactionary tone in today's curb market, practically all classes of stock yielding to selling pressure. Weak ness of Durant Motors, which was hammered down nearly points to 1874, the lowest price since the stock was listed, was one of the days features, the stock rallying to 1sA at the close. Jordan Motors touched new low at 26ss and Rec yielded fractionally. Dubilier Radio again succumbed to bear selling falling nearly points to 25A, and then rallying to 26h.
 Oil shares were in supply most of the day, some sharp losses taking place in the high priced issues. Prairie oil and Gas closed 5h lower at 221k. Stand ard Oil of Nebraska lost 4, Cumberland Pipe 3 and Standard oil of Kentucky, imperial of Canada, Cities Service, Penn Mex Fuel and Prairie Pipe sold off 1 to 2 points.
 Fluctuations in the mining group were small and unimportant.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
Short Market FL0shes

WASHINGTON, March 20.-Cotton ginned during the 1923 season just end ed totailed 10,159,4ss running bales in half bales compared with SIPS, ,306 bales, including 172,1s2 round bales counted as half sales, ginned in the 1922 sea- son, the census bureau reported today.
 NEW YORK, March 2o.-Gasoline stocks increased to the extent of 2,257,- 162 barrels during February. according to reports received by the American Petrleum institute covering aproxi- mately 6s per cent of the operating cap- acity of the United States, pipe line and tank farm crude oil stocks east of the Rockies increased 627,000 barrels in February. The daily average gross crude oil production of the United States increased 4,7O0 barrels for the week ended March 15, totalling 1.911,- 750 barrels, according ot the weekly summary of the institute. The daily average production east of the Rocky mountains was 1,257,750 barrels, de- crease of $50.
 NEW YORK, March 2O.-Decrease in crude prices through over production is attributed by officials of the Gulf Oil corporation for the decline in net income for 1923, which totalled $14,- 823,342 in comparison with $19, ,6e9 in 1922.
 NEW YORK, March 20.-An over night advance of five points today brought the price of the French franc to a new high record for the year at 512 cents. Renewed buying of the currency followed publication of an- other favorable statement by the Bank of France.
 HOUSTON, Tex. March 2O-Gulf coast heavy crude oil "A" grade was raised from $1.65 to $1.S0 a barrel and ''B" grade from $1.4o to $1.50 at the we'll today by the Humble oil and Refining company.
 NEW YORK, March 2O.-Directors of the American Cyanamid company to- day declared an extra dividend of 50 cents on common stock in addition to the regular quarterly dividend of one dollar, also the regular quarterly dividend of $1.50 on the preferred.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
IRON TRADE REVIEW

CLEVELAND, O., March 20.-(Spe- fial0-Iron Trade Review today says: Immediate needs still are dictatinR. buying policies in iron and steel, but
 hese are so large in the aggregate that hey are requiring remarkable pace Pf production and shipments to satisfy
 hem. The gap between production and Consumption has been narrowed abnor- lnally as requirements are being com fortably met out of large productive $apacity and the efficiency of deliveries
 upplied by the railroads. Buyers &C., tordingly (ind small incentive to dis fount future wants and they are not Disposed to do so under present condi- lions. Steel works operations continue At high clip. At Gary, the leading producer has blown in It's last idle blast furnace. ,-Er
 Conditions in the automobile indus
 ry are in a transitory stage between
 he usual stocking of cars and the open Ing of the spring market. Some build ITS having completed their stocking schedule are reducing production. Other companies still are running at top speed. -. Car orders placed in week total 5000
 n addition to repairs for 2,OOO cars. arhe number of cars ordered since Jan .iary is estimated at about 75,00O, com pared with 63,000 for the entire first quarter of 1928. New locomotive orders
 hlso have been heavy, totaling 125. February structural awards for the fountry are reported at approximately S9 800 tons, or 73 per cent of capacity,
 compared with 1S4, 500 tons, or n per Eent in January. A Joliet fabricator is credited with a probable purchase up
 O 100000 tons of plain material if the
 interstate commerce commission's order
 or the installation of automotive train Aontrol is carried out
 Export trade is reported good, with
 he leading interest averaging 5000 tons \ day. The Japanese government is re-
 hewing for a year from April 1 the
 emergency tariff extending the free list
 o steel products required for recon $truction purposes. a. Iron ore prices for the season are on he verge of being settled, but 1t still
 Is an open question whether last years basis will be reaffirmed or a reduction
 made. One leading producer Is in a re- feptive mood for orders, and it is re- ported would be willing to consider a
 over price.
 The pig iron market continues flat with restrained buying, but no great mount of softness.
 Operations in the Ruhr now have been raised to about 60 per cent, accord Ing to Iron Trade Reviews European fable reflecting more successful com petition in the world market by Ger han producers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
MERCER. AGAIN
 BEATS FLORIDA

GAINESVILLE, Fla, March 2o.- (Special) )--The University of Florida ball aggregation again met defeat at the hands of the Mercer diamond out fit when they dropped hard-fought contest Thursday afternoon by the score of 3 to 2. Thursdays defeat was the fourth straight game Florida has dropped to Mercer in four days. From the very beginning of the game, Shep- pard, the Baptist portsider, held the Florida batsmen in hand, and continued to do so for nine innings, the Gators only managing to secure four wallops.
 Score by innings: R. H. E. Mercer .......L... 100 no 111- o Florida .... 100 OO1 OOO-2 5
 Batteries-Florida: Katz and Logan. Mercer: Sheppard and Morgan.
 Umpire-Solomon.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
BROOKS IN FORM

CANNES, France, March 20.-Nor- man Brooks of Australia, who Is rap idly regaining his pre-war form; La Coste of France, Aeschliman of Switz- erland and Gordon Lowe of England survived the fourth round of the inter national lawn tennis tournament here. Indications point to meeting between La Coste in the finals.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
CHANCE TO JOIN
 CHICAGO APRIL !

CHICAGO, March 20.-Frank Chance, manager of the White Sox, who is re- covering from bronchial infection at a California resort, advised Johnny Evers, acting manager of the club, to- day that he would join the team at Jacksonville April 1, or in Augusta the next day. Chance wrote Evers that his health had been restored and that he feels able to take up the managerial dufies
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
BREAKS RECORD

CHICAGO, March 2O.-Robert Skel- ton, Illinois A. c. tank star, broke his own worlds record for the 220-yard breast stroke at the Hamilton clubs second annual water carnival last night. He made the distance in 2:34 3-5, two-dfths of a second less than the old mark.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
DOG SAVES FIVE

HOUSTON, Tex. March .20.-The devotion of n pedrigreed setter sa ,ed the lives of five persons when the home of Louis Rulik was destroyed by fire here today.
 Smelling smoke, the dog vainly tried to awaken Rulik and then scampered
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
PAGE 1s

ing hands with the night watchman at an undertaking establishment and commenting "I want to give up people job," Emil Heidenrick. 90, walked home and drank of poison last night
 He died at the city hospital. Relatives knew no motive for the deed. |.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21

Annunities are much older than life insurance. Possibly they were known to the Assyrians and Babylonians. The first record of an annuity is in Rome in 40 B. c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21

Waveless wireless, which will make possible private wireless communication In a par with the telephone and other important developments is a possibility pf the future, it is said.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21

across the hall to where Rulik's sister slept and awakened her by biting her hand.
 She awakened the others and they ran to safety.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
STOCK LETTERS

NEW YORK, March 2o-Further
 peaVyssell1ng in industrials caught stop orders today and no doubt brought put considerable real liquidation. The pechnes were largely attributed to
 pause might have been those workinS Tor lower prices certainly had a sue, fessful day. There were few exceptions To the decline, but one prominent. one fVas Central Leather preferred, which vent right up to 41% in the face of fM disturbances. Some believe the fha4ge for the better in the leather in pustry influenced prices, while others Rhort interest. Rails are acting en- irely independent of the. other groups hnd maintain the firm tone in evidence pf late. United Alloy Steel reduced it's Dividend from 75c to BOG quarterly. eausing drop of over four points
 p. s. Steel made a new low for this fnove at 9S%. Studebaker declined to Po%1 Coppers were lower. Oils eased Pff slightly, but the biggest declines were registered in the general run of 4ndustrials, on which there is noth- ng but beartsh talk. Total sales, l. DIS, 800 shares.-Fenner & Beane to
 Kahn & Virgin.
 NEW YORK, March 2o.-We have bad quite an active market again to-
 Hay and generally speaking a decline, Rlthough certain securities have~held well and some have been really strong. Be this as it may, the general market
 has been weak and under considerable pressure. There is no special news to
 hccount for this selling, and 1t looks to lls as if it were a demonstration by he bear intereet, which is the only one ht present active in the market. We 4hink prices are gettingS attractive and i've do not lose hope of the failure of he bonus bill to become law, nor
 ret of reasonably good tax bill, hence i've would much rather buy the. market han to sell 1t. Total sales, 1,031 ,5O0.- Post 6 Flagg to Shannon & Co.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21
OIL CITY REPORT

OIL CITY, Pa, March 20.-Credit balances. $4. Runs. s9.9s1; average, P6,s61. Shipments, 59,s42; average, 64,- los. a5@4:s-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-21

STEEL MARKET NEW YORK, March 20.-Steel un- Ehanged.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-07
"Of at Cleveland, GeOrge!"

the United States into the world war
to save their investments in French
and English loans, q popular move
ment to avert the war crystallized in a
meeting Of the Peoples Council in
Chicago. The mayor of Chicago re-
fused to interfere with the perfectly
orderly and legal meeting. Governor
Lowden sent state troops to break up
the meeting. For this Mr.. Lowden is
not forgotten. It was step nearer
the presidency.
When Lowden was drowned in a
food Of corruption.scandal at the 1890
convention, he was a sorely disap-
pointed man. But he could wait. He
is not forgotten,
Another Chance for Lowden.
Now, thru a strange turn of circum-
stances, comes Lowden's chance
again. There is a political revolt thru
out the country. There is a chance
that the electoral vote of eight states
of the union will go farmer.labor In
the 1924 election. This is very likely
to mean that neither the democratic
nor the republican candidate will re-
ceive a majority OF the votes of the
electoral college. The Anticipated con-
stitution of the United States does not
make any adequate allowance for this.
To be elected president, candidate
must receive, not merely more votes
in the electoral college than any other
candidate, but majority. If no can
didate receives clear majority, the
election of the president must be
made by a majority of the state dele
cation leach voting as unit in the
House of Representatives; and the
Senate must elect the vice-president,
who may be elected by plurality; the
choice must be made between the two
leading candidates for vice-president
in the abortiye election. If the House
Of Representatives fails to elect a
president by majority, then there is no
president and the vIee-president
elected by the Senate becomes presI-
dent.
The choices Of the house and senate
for these offices must be made from
the two leading candidates for the Of
flee in question.
Thus, because of the revolt Of the
farmers and workers in the north
western states, either one of the two
leading candidates for vice-president
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-07
PULLMAN SHOP
STRIKERS PUSH
FIGHT FOR WAGE
Urge All Freight Car
Workers to Join

The ESQ refrigerator car workers in
the 1osd st. freight shop Of the Pull
man car works, who went on strike
because Of a drastic cut in wages,
gathered on the ball fields yesterday
morning and heard Jack Mccarthy,
circulation manager Of the DAILY
WORKER, tell them the history Of the
recent strike Of Pullman steel work
ers.
The men decided to gather again on
the field Monday morning at Z o'clock
and discuss the report of the strike
committee which conferred with the
men today.
Mccarthy urged the men to get the
entire freight car department out on
strike, as the only chance of gaining
a complete victory. The wood freight
car shops Of the Pullman company
had been shut down for several
months, and started up after the set
Element Of the recent steel workers
strike. But the men who are now
striking, after working until the first
pay day, found that their wages had
been reduced from so to 3s cents on
the piece work basis. They explained
TO the Pullman ofhcials that they can
not earn IS q day.
Hall Of the workers in the freight
shop stayed at work. The striking
refrigerator men anticipate dificulty
In getting the rest OF the shop out, as
the reduction has not reached them.
The Pullman ofncials are continuing
to follow their program Of drastically
lowering the standard Of living Of the
Pullman workers by reducing the
piece work rate one department at
. time. The Pullman officials are en-
deavoring to get the men to turn out
20 refrigerator cars per day. while
tho men insist they cannot possibly
prcduee more than fourteen a day,
and even then their daily wage would
aneunt 10 less than So
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-07
HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHERS HIT
PLATOONIzINC
Union Educators Flay
Lockstep System

Objections to the platoon system of
school organization are voiced by the
Chicago Federation of Women High
School Teachers. The specialization
by grade teachers who will be con-
fined to a single subject and the rotat-
ing or platooning about of children
from one school room to another are
considered bad.
"The federation expresses objec-
tion," the unions memo on the pla-
toon system declares, ito any system
in which young children are instruct
ed daily by more than three or four
teachers. A system requiring them to
meet in class more teachers than this
small number is a system in which
the teachers must handle several hun
dred children daily.
"Such system is bad in several
ways. First, teacher cannot know
these children individually and must
become primarily a teacher of sub
ject matter; second, such a system
calls for specialization in the lower
grades where it is especially bad be-
cause 1t leads to lack of correlation
between subjects and is likely to lead
to overstimulation Of and excessive
requirements from very immature
minds and bodies.
Education cannot be secured by
lockstep methods, the details OF which
are formulated and delivered as a
ukase by a supervisor or supsrin-
tendent."
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-07
MINERS
Divide WORK TO
Give EACH A BIT
Boss Doesn't Mention
Anti-Union Plans

Demonstration of the solidarity
which unites Illinois mine workers is
contained in statistics Of the industry
made public by vice president L. H.
Smith, Illinois Coal Operators asso-
citation. Smiths figures show that
thousands of miners have divided their
scant opportunity to work altho to do
so reduced their annual earnings to
an average Of less than $500.
"The mines as whole turnout the
state" says Smith, "did not operate
quite half-time during the year 1928.
The actual average days worked was
146. AS a natural result output was
greatly reduced and there was sharp
reduction in the earnings OF many
individual miners"
Do Two-ThIrds' Work.
Smith gives figures for the earnings
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-06-07
N. Y. WORKERS
PL AN MEETING
FOR CLASS ARTY
Militants Drive For St.
Paul Convention

NEW YORK, June 6.-Thousands
Of delegates are expected at st. Paul.
This is the answer of the militant
workers and farmers to the attacks
on the Communists made by La Fol
Iette.
The Workers Party has arranged
for big demonstration to be held at
Cooper Union, Sth st. and Third Ave,
for Tuesday evening, June 10th.
The militant workers of New York
will have an opportunity to answer
the vitriolic attack made on the Work
ers party. Also the Socialist party,
this decrepit Grandmother of milk and
water socialism comes out in its meek
way and seconds the reactionary va
porting of LaFollette. In mortal fear
lest the workers desert it completely,
it now feels safe in holding on to the
shirt-tail of La Toilette. They, too,
come out attacking the Workers party
because it advocates the establish
ment of Soviet Government and the
Dictatorship of the Proletariat
Thousands of workers are expected
at the meeting to give their answer
to La Toilette and his motley crew Of
Scheidemann Socialists. Thousands
of militants will come to demonstrate
for Class Farmer Labor Party at
st. Paul.