Evening star., 1924-10-05
BRITISH PLANTED
ULSTER AS COLONY
Was Designed to Be Pre-.
! dominantIy English-Dif-
| fcrS From South.

''The complicated Irish boundary
question. now stirring Ireland and
England has numerous aspects any
ore of which might be responsible
for the present disagreementS says
bulletin from the headquarters OF
the National Geographic Society.
The bulletin deals with the region
alorg the boundary line between the
Irish Free State. or southern Ireland.
and Ulster. or northern Ireland The
desire OF the Free state TO add TO its
territory portions of the counties of
Tyrone and FermanH as il has al
ready added the former Ulster coun-
ties OF Monaghan, Donegal and Cavan
constitutes the present problem. II
ster is unwilling to surrender the ad-
ditioual territory
Part Of Ireland Not Irish.
t lister. in the northeastern corner
Of Ireland. is in the odd positioa OF
being part OF ireland which is III
large part not Irish" the bulletin
says. Three hundred wears ago th-
British King. James l. with the de-
sire to Ansloizt 1t pat of Ireland
decided to plant a colony OF English
sTd Scotch What 's known as the
tlste" plan."tion followed
other plantations had been st
tempted IN southern ireland without
accomplishing" anything save suffer
ing I" the natives and los to the 'un-
d"rtakecS, as the mpo~t d landlords
were termed But the rlS'er planta-
ton took root and f1ourish-d
Scntch BIo I'd Denim ut.
The original plan Of the King was
7" have English settlers dominant in
!Ster: but he also p rmitted the
%|"tch To parti ipate English set
'lTrS We're not easily Interested. how
ever. while the Scotch focked in
making the plantation dominantly
Scottish. Ry 1850 tn, population OF
lister consisted Of some 10000 in
b h:tantS Of Scotch blood 1000 of
English ance, try and 10000 Irish.
Altogether. probably about l00, 600
S"otsmtn moved to Ulster. The Eng
ISh soon merged with the Scotch. but
N" Irish and Scotch stra ms remained
almost entils y independent
Z i>ter Giff rs ttonomic.IIv from
~ irSt Of Ire.and Either the
".t" immisranlS had greater
l..hH"ns!ty 1O"ar,I industry or their
t'5noniic conditions We more favor
"oi"- Nj any rate. | st-r has become
ihI marked industrial rccio- of Ire
land whi'e the remainder of tn.
country, save in the larger cities.
hr.' not toi,oHed IhIs m, OF ue
.opln,nt.
Differ ON Religion
tHer. < religious difference
roo. between north and aortn Ire
I"hd. fcian". Including Ulster. was
Catholic. The Scotch imnligr.p-s
brought their Presbyterian religion
y" I'm them and il became firm Y root
ct Thf English government favored
the Established Church of England
and TINS is a,So strong in : er
1he byterians and the Fps
col.alianS combined todav tip the
Scais in tlS,-r to the side OF Protes-
tantism But the margin is no,
great.
Phrsirally. Ulster has greater
proportion Of high land than mos,
"lhel parts Of Ireland. bat a lare-
part o. the land J. in cultivation
fiaN is seen everywhere. e>pe .ialy ir
t"c eastern counties. in the neignbnr-
hood OF Belfast tn" great world cen
ter of the linen industry.
The present border between fhr
Irish Free state and the State ol
Northern Ireland, created in 1920 ana
1921. extend through a rather rough
Country Dunda Tx. on the east coast
Is Just south of the line. Near thi.
city il one Of the passes through tht
mus used nee earliest time in Ire
Iand, and because Of this situation
DoIIdoih = ItlSnboinOOG mas been tn
scene OF numerous battles Farther
west. the boundary touches III. long.
deep valley in which lie. Lough Egne
the longest and the next largest lak
In Ireland. The i&.an..S largest lake
I-ouSh NeaSh, lies in the heart of
...,e". e. al t;c.4a~
Ulster Has Shrunk.
'f"rmeGly Ulster consisted of the
northern tier OF coun les from coast
TO coast Nheh the TWO self-govcrn-
ing states Were formed however.
Donegal, largest of the Ulster coun-
ties. occupying the northwestern cor
ner or irelahd. was attached 20 the
Free State. The boundary of the
State of Northern Ireland, therefore.
does not now reach the Atlantic but
turns al its SouthW eStern corner a
few miles short of the coast and runs
northeastward between Donegal on
the west and Fermanagh, Tyrone and
Londonderry on the east to Lough
fo%ie an inlet at the very TOD of the
island The State of Northern Ire
lahu, therefore. occupies only small
segment in the northeastern corner
OF ireland. ReadjuStment of the
boundary as desired by the Free State
would concentrate the northern diyi-
SION stu closer into the northeast !
corner.
Arc Heavily Populated.
Though small in territory. the |
state of Northern Ireland has a con
ctntrated population. Its area is less
than one-Sixth that of Ireland, but il |
contains more than d quarter of the
islands inha bitants
The United States has more than
sh academic interest in all that af- !
iectS Ireland Two of the most i'm /
portant streams of immigration that
nave reached America came from the /
island. one. the So-called Scotch Irish !
from Ulster: the other, the Irish from |
south of the Ulster line. The Scotch |
IRISH early felt the weight of repres-
slVe English laws, both in the re- |
iigious and economic fields. They |
began emigrating to America in !
large numbers during the latter part |
OF the eighteenth century, and it is |
estimated that they made up one |
sixth of all the colonists by the time |
OF the American Revolution. They |
were prominent in that struggle and |
later became the frontiersmen, play
ing an important part in winning the |
Middle West and the West
The main stream of immigration |
from Southern Ireland took place in |
the nineteenth century. The geniu.
or the newcomers for politics has
made itself felt in local, State and |
national governments"