Evening star., 1924-10-03
In TODAY'S SPOTLIGHT
BY PAUL J.. COLLINS.

gress. limited the right of CITIZENSHIP p
to free whites" After the emanci-
patton of slaves, it was amended
GS70 and 1850 to include Africans
or descendants of Africans-but no
other colored race. The color Ques-
ton, therefore, exists in our laws,
and Consress-not international law
put it there. While this relates to
citizenship, rather than immigration
with no intent to become citizens it
is held that Congress has an equal
right to detine--as it has done-who
may enter as immigrants, and that
absence of intent to become citizens
aggravates the objection to ineligi-
bles
A standard authority on interna-
| tional law, Charles Cheney Hyde,
says (Vol. l. p. $50:
In general. an independent state,
| as a full-fiedged member of the So
I ciety of nations, has generally the
right, as Hall expressed it: To live
| its life in its own way, SO long as it
keeps rigidly to itself, and refrains
| from interfering with the equal right
| of other states to live their life in
| the manner which commendS itself to
| them"
| Hyde further says:
"A state is acknowledged to eujoy
| the broadest right to regulate the
| admission of aliens to it's territory
! Declared Mr.. Justice Gray in the
course of the opinion of the Supreme
/ Court in the case of Nishmura Ekiu
VS.. the United States:
1T is an accepted maxim of in
| ternational law that every sovereign
nation has the power, as inherent in
| sovereignty and essential to self
preservation, to forbid the entrance
| of foreigners within it's dominions! or
| to admit them only in such cases and
| upon such conditions as it may see
| fit to prescribe. The law of nations
| has not as yet forbidden a state to
| exercise the largest discretion in
| establishing tests of the undesir-
ability of aliens, and to that end. to
| enforce Determinations of it's own de-
vlsing. There Is thus apparent 4
| sharp distinction between the legal
propriety and the ultimate expediency
of exclusion laws. state may un-
| wisely, although not unlawfully, ex-
ercise the full measure of it's privi-
| lege
THE attempt of a state to assist
or compel emigration of un-
desirable nationals will always be
resisted by the country to whose
territory they are directed"
Mr.. Hyde further writes:
The covenant of the League of Ma
| tfons in so far as it establishes a
right of interference in case of a
breach of the agreement of a member
! of the league is not at yari.
ance with any principle of interna-
! tional law pertaining to Intervention
different situation is con
templated, however, when it is design
| ed to compel state which has not ac.
| cepted the covenant to refrain from
| action. whlch as an independent
| sovereign state it sees fit to take
1t is the right of an outside
| state to refuse to submit to such
procedure, with the incidental obli.
cation not to fight under such a. con.
tingency which the members of the
| league. may appear to challenge
| Technically, their interference with
| such a state must be regarded as
amounting to intervention, the pro.
| priety of which, on principle. would
| depend upon the merits of the mar.
| ticular case, unless it be admitted
that the states constituting the
league may. by virtue of their or.
ganization, alter the principles of in.
ternational law. The United States
is not, as yet, prepared to make sucf
| an admission"
A we'll recognized French writer or
international law, Jeancourt- Galig.
| mani, comments:
1.-The yellow question in America is
grave. Immediate gravity? No
Slightly probable, but certain of con-
| f1ict in the future. The problem ot
emigration dominates Japanese poll.
tics japanese immigration in Korea