The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1924-04-11
Many Vegetables
Injured by Pests
Diseases and Insects. Must.
Be Fought Until Crops
Are Harvested.

prepared by the United States Department
OF Agriculture.)
From the time the seeds of garden
crops are put into the ground until the
crops are gathered, diseases and In
sects that must be fought may APP
pear. Vegetable, troubles are due to
numerous causes, including unfayor-
able soil conditions, too wet or too
dry, too rich or too poor, lack of humus
or of lime, whether unsuited to some
crops, careless use of fertilizers, or at
lacks, Of fungi or other parasites The
adoption of the best horticultural prac-
tice crop rotation, the careful APP
: plication of fertilizers suited to each
crop, adequate cultivation, the plant.
ing of all crops in their proper season
lis important for the successful grow:
ing of garden crops. sr
Special Treatment Required.
The control of diseases due to fungi,
bacteria, and other enemies requires
special additional treatment, as does
the damage caused by insects. A new
bulletin has just been issued by the
United States Department Of Agricul-
ture, as Farmers Bulletin 1871, Dis
eases and Insects of Garden Vege-
tables, the purpose of which is to
present briefly control measures for the
most important insects and fungous
and bacterial diseases Of the home-gar-
den vegetable crops.
The use Of disease-free seed and
plants, says the author of the bulletin,
is fundamental to all insect and dis
ease control. A modified application
Of the principle Of crop Rotation can
be made even in the home garden by
moving the rows of each vegetable to
another place each year, Many dis
eases and insects live over winter In the
soil and will appear on the plants
again next season If they are. in the
same soil. Furthermore, since many
of the pests Of closely related crops
are the same, such vegetables should
not be planted in succession. Vine
crops, such as cucumbers, melons,
etc, should not follow one another, nor
should cabbage, caulifower, or related
crops follow one another.
Numerous important diseases are
carried in or on the seed and cannot
be controlled by seed treatment, such
as bean anthracnose, pea pod-spot, and
potato leaf-roll and mosaic. 1t is there
fore essential to secure the most dis
ease-free seed obtainable
Methods Of Control.
In presenting the methods of con-
trolling insects and diseases the hull
letin discusses them under two head
ings, Treatment" and Prevention"
Under Treatment are discussed the
methods of control which may be APP
piled after the disease or insects have
appeared i'm the garden, such as the
use of poisoned bait for cutworms, the
hand picking of insects. and spraying
for disease and insect control. Under
rPrevention" are included all measures
of control applied prior to disease or
insect appearance which will tend to
hinder or stop the development of dis
eases and insects or prevent their over
wintering to attack the next seasons
crops, such as planting 'disease-resist-
ant, iisease-free, and weevil-free seed,
treatment of seed to kin insects and
diseases. or planting crops on parts of
the garden free from the pests.
A copy Of the bulletin may be Sc
cured, as long as the supply lasts, from
the United States Department of Agri-
culture, Washington. D. G.