Arizona state miner., 1924-11-08
EARLY HISTORY OF ARIZONA

Arizona was the forty-eighth state.
and the last state, to be admitted to
the union. This territory, SO vastly
rich in mineral, stock and farming
areas, was set off from New Mexico
as a territory on February "a, 1868.
1t entered the union as a separate
state on February IA, 1912.
According to the southern Historical
Papers, on January Is, 1852, and ap-
proved by President Davis, the Con-
federate States congress organized
Arizona into a Confederate territory
This territory took in the whole ante
bellum area Of New Mexico (of which
Arizona was then part) except the
northwest corner lying north of the
Colorado river.
Since Arizona was carved out of
New Mexico during the Civil War, it
will be seen at once that its primitive
territory must be Identical with that
of New Mexico. The first real explor-
ers were Spaniards from Old Mexico,
who visited it about the middle of the
sixteenth century. However, they
found it inhabited by the Aztecs,
whose history in this territory dips
far beyond any written record. For
that far-off age they were a highly
civilized race. Their massive aQue-
ducts and the cliff dwellings are a
silent monuments of mighty past
Coronado made his first appearance
in 1910. San Gabriel was founded in
tablishment of Santa Fe about 1905
by Juan de Onate. He was wealthy
resident of Zacatecas, who married
the granddaughter of Montezuma, the
powerful Aztec chieftain. So far
back in the reach Of those primitive
days that the deepest mystery hovers
over it all.
New Mexico was ceded to the Uni
ted States by Guadalupe Hidalgo in
1876. 1t was organized as the Terri
tory Of New Mexico in 1850. On Feb
ruary ii, 1853, Arizona was organized
as a territory out of New Mexico. On
February ID, 1912, Arizona was adop-
ted into the Union as state.
1t belongs to the mountain division.
Arizona is said to have derived it's
name from a ranch in Sonora which
the Papago Indians called t"Ariconac."
By that they meant place of few
springs.
There is no record of any nickname
ever borne by Arizona
In 1868, the year Arizona was set
off from New Mexico, she adopted
''Ditat Deus" as a motto, which means
God Endiches." The legislature of
Arizona adopted as it's state flower
the sequoia cactus
Utah and Nevada bound it on the
north; Mexico on the south; New
Mexico on the east; California and
Nevada on the west.
1t has fourteen counties It's CAPT.
tai is Phoenix, population 29,O53. Sit
uated on Salt River. The territorial
capital was moved from Prescott to
Phoenix. The old capital was stu
ated in the Pine mountains in the ex-
treme northern end of Arizona. Phoe-
nix is a prosperous city in Salt river
valley-one of the richest in all of the
great Southwest.
Arizona'sI 1area is 1885 square
miles; extreme length $50 miles; e1-
treme breadth, 335 miles.
Population in 1920 was 33,903;
1910, 204 354; increase, 129,549. 1t IS
the forty-sixth state in population.
Foreign born population. English:
1882, Scotch sos, Irish 1905, Norweg-
ians 337, Swedes $50, Danes 39S, Bel
gians so, French 394, Germans 1915,
Poles 261, Austrians 484, Hungarians
212, Russians SIC, Italians 1851,
Greeks 329. Roumanians 81. Asiatics
397. Canadians 1862. Mexicans 6O,242
All others 1887. Total foreign born
population 7S,099. Total population,
333,9O3 Total native Americans,