davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15
TAKING TRUSTS
ANAL GAMATE, SO
MUST UNIONS
Machine Process Kills
Craft Organizations

NEW ORhs Dec. IA Inc cndnBe
in baking has caused a change in
unionizing," claims Secretary August
Burkhardt of the Amalgamated Food
Workers Union in discussing the ac.
tivities of the combined bakery locals
in organizing counter to the rapidly
forming bakery trust. The half bill
lion dollar bakery consolidation an
nounced under the name Continental
Baking Corporation is expected to
take in the two largest bakery con-
Germs in the east, United Bakeries
I'll factories) and Ward Baking com
pany IA factories).
The international Union Of Confec.
tionery and Bakery Workers, afiliated
with the A. F. of L. has carried on
long consistent campaign against
Wards particularly. Every issue of
their official journal bears the stream
er declaring that this company is un-
fair to organized labor.
For United Drive.
Nine branches In New York and
Brooklyn of the Amalgamated Unions
bakers have won demands for 10 per
cent wage increase and have secured
full union regulation in shops con.
trolled. The Combined Bakery Locals
are now making united drive on
the large factories and will be joined
by locals in Hudson county. N. J.,
which includes Jersey City.
Burkhardt points out problems fac
ing union organization efforts today.
Before the war" he says, baking
was done largely in the small shop
with three to eight hands. These were
skilled workers, and consequently, It
was easier to organize them. Outside,
Of these and apprentices, or helpers,
no other workers were organized"
Most Of these small shops have dis
appeared or do only cake baking or
specialties such as Jewish or Italian
bread or cater to a small neighbor-
hood, Burkhardt claims. He says 80
per cent Of these shops are union now.
To Fight Big Trusts.
'But the baking of bread today is
done chiefly in the factory" he as
serts, where machinery is utilized"
Unions have not made so much head
way in these big companies, most Of
which will be included in the merger
amounting to bread trust. Against
these union energies will be more
than ever directed" he continues.
Before machine baking the Jour
neyman baker had to know every
process and be able to do it by hand"
Burkhardt states. "He had to mix.
scale, knead and bake. Today in a
large factory which turns out several
thousand loaves an hour, there may
be only dozen men who can be
called bakers and their work is limit
ed. A mixer supervises a machine
which does the actual mixing. He
must be skilled to do that but not SO
skilled as the first hand in small
shop"
The Machine Process.
Because the organization of unsklll-
ed workers is made less effective by
the machine process, mass organiza-
ton, mass unionism," Burkhardt
says, must come. I'VE strive to or.
ganize every one connected with the
work Of baking and delivering Of
bread. Despite the introduction Of
machinery, there is much heavy work
in the modern bakery and the speed
ing up process has brought many
evils. Hours are long, wages low
conditions bad" And so the union is
renewing its fight for organization Of
Ill workers with greater energy than
ever.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15


1870 Plaid suiting will be good for
this style. Collar, cuffs and pocket
facing may be Of flannel in a con-
trasting shade and bound with braid
This model is likewise attractive in
velvelteen or in Bingham or other
wash fabrics.
The pattern is cut In four sizes:
8, 8, 10 and IL years. A 10-year size
requires 2ss yards Of 36-inch material.
For collar, cuffs and pocket facings Of
contrasting material 2s yard 40 inches
wide is required.
Pattern mailed to any address on
receipt OF lie in silver or stamps.
IN ORDERING YOUR PATTERN
BE SURE TO MENTION THE SIZE
YOU WANT 1T IN.
Send 12c In silver or stamps for our
UP-To-DATE FALL & WINTER 1924
Address: The DAILY WORKER, f113
w. Washington Blvd, Chicago, ~.
NOTICE TO PATTERN BUYERS-The
patterns being sold thru the DAILY
WORKER pattern department are fur
nished by a New York Arm Of pattern
manufacturers. orders are forwarded by
the DAILY WORKER every day as re-
ufacturer direct 20 the customer. The
DAILY WORKER does not keep a stock
OF patterns on hand. Delivery OF pat
terms ordinarily win take at least 10 days
from the date OF mailing tho order. Do
not become impatient II your pattern Is
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15
ATTENTION.

All friendly organizations are requested
DAY, DEC. 81, as the Society for Tech
nical Aid TO Soviet Russia will give q
performance on that date at the Soviet
School, 1902 w. Division st. Coal Miner
kort," a revolutionary drama. will be
presented in the Russian language.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15
BLOODY PERSECUTION BY WHITE
TERROR CONTINUES IN FINLAND


to prison fifteen
white Finland a
who
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15
No Meeting or Other Affair
Complete Unless

meeting Of the Workers Party business propaganda dance
social complete POLICIES
find place in the Of the evening.
All committees Of the affairs
remember this attending party
to that INSURANCE POLICIES take all them.
by constantly insisting POLICY
the $4,000 with which INSURE
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15
CLEVELAND STATE HOSPITAL
PATIENTS VICTIMS OF GRAFT
BY GEO. PAPcUN.
ESPECIAL to The Daily Workerl

CLEVELAND o., Dec. 14-nane
herded together the deporabe
Of
huddd building
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15

Next Sunday Night and Every Sun.
day Night the Open Forum.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15
Personal.

iSADoRE. You were fond VI your
family. Mother is very III. She be-
lieves you are dead. Answer. Your
sister, Lillian.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15
HELP! HELP!
Give Us a Hand

We are swamped again.
There is just a load Of work
piIing up in our office and our
small force is struggling hard to
get it done. If any comrades
have day, an hour or a minute
to spare, COME ON OVER
GIVE US A HAND!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15

subscribe for the DAILY WORKER
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15

4s5A The slenderizing lines Of this
attractive model will at once appeal
70 the woman of generous lines. This
model Is excellent for the new figured
silks, for charmeen, broadcloth or
velvet
The pattern is cut in eight sizes:
"a. 3S. 40, AZ, A, 46, 4S and 30 inches
bust measure. A 3s-inch size requires
4si yards OF 4O-inch material. The
width at the foot is 2ls yards, with
plaits extended. II the collar is MADE
as illustrated OF contrasting material
" yard will be required.
Pattern mailed to any address on
receipt OF 12c In silver or stamps.
IN ORDERING YOUR PATTERN
BE SURE TO MENTION THE SIZE
YOU WANT 1T IN.
Send 12c in silver or stamps for our
Tp.rO DATE FALL q WINTER 1924
1926 BOOK OF FASHIONS.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1924-12-15

New York Workers School.
Register Now--208 e. 18th ST.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Unique Slogan Of Bank
of Petersburg, M. Oak.

eve bank on the COW, the sow, the
eve, and the hen"
The First National Bank Of Peters
burg, N. Oak, has this slogan on its
unique bank statement recently issued.
Pictures of cows, sheep, and swine
rather than moneybags are the decora-
lions used. On the same page with a
statement of the banks financial condi-
ton is one Of the agricultural status
of the community.
The report points with pride to the
improved live stock and diversified
nature Of the farming an the district !:
The 5000 breeding ewes with pure
bred rams at the head Of every flock,
the 60 pure bred bulls, the 100 or more
registered cows besides a great num-
Der Of high-grade females, the large
acreage Of Grimm alfalfa, the $51, 200
worth Of produce shipped out during
the past year, and the activities Of
the Petersburg Live Stock Shipping
association, which handled 80 cars Of
live stock last year.
The officials Of the bank have been
active in cooperating with the United
States Department of Agriculture in
encouraging the use of pure bred sires
and in general live stock improvement.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Eradication of Cattle
Tuberculosis Costs Less

In the eradication of cattle tubercu-
aosis it is now possible to get better
use out of the money expended than
ever before, according to the expert
ence of the veterinarians carrying on
the campaign for the United States
Department Of Agriculture During
the past year the average cost per
head Of testing cattle under govern
ment supervision was 80 cents, a re-
duction of IL cents from the figure of
the preceding year. This reduction,
which was brought about largely
through the spread Of the area testing
plan, makes it possible to advance
much more rapidly with the eradica-
ton work. Most of the areas in which
all Of the cattle have been tested at
one time are counties, and counties
free Of cattle tuberculosis may now be
found in nearly all parts Of the coun-
try from the Atlantic to the Pacific to
the Gulf Every one Of the four cor
ners Of the country has at least one
free county or one in which a cam
paign is now being carried on. Up
near the extremity Of Maine is Pts
cataquis county; in southwestern Ari-
iona is Maricopa county; Island coun-
ty, Wash, is free; and work is just
starting to make the final cleanup in
Dade county, Fla.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Growers Like Oiled
Wrapper for Apples
Use Is Suggested as Result
of Thorough Trials.

prepared by the United States Departments
of Agriculturel
The use of oiled-paper wrappers for
preventing apple scald is finding in
creased favor among growers, par
ticularly in the Northwest, says the
United States Department Of Agricul-
ture. approximately 100000 boxes
Of apples were wrapped for storage
last fall, whereas In 1922 there were
about 100000 boxes so treated. The
practice of using oiled paper for wrap
pers is suggested by the department
as a result of a number of years of
trials with various methods for pre-
venting the appearance Of the disease
in storage apples and apples in transit,
which annually causes great loss to
dealers, buyers and shippers, and ul-
innate disappointment to consumers.
Where in the past 1t has been GUS
tomary to wrap the apples in ordinary
paper, as is done with the western
crop, the use of oiled paper does not
entail any additional effort or trouble
and adds but two cents TO the cost Of
each box. Apples wrapped in oiled pa
per of the proper kind come through.
the winter in excellent condition and
have been received with special favor
On the market, especially during the
latter part Of the season. In May,
1923, oiled wrapper apples were sell
ing on tile New York auction for
81 more per box than similar APP
pies in unoiled wrappers. Eastern
producers who barrel their apples have
not made any great use Of the new
practice because Of the impracticabil-
ity Of wrapping apples for barreling.
This discovery and practice make 1t
possible to ship apples long distances
after storage as well as before stor-
age with little or no loss from scald.
and enables growers and dealers to OBJ
tain wider distribution of their prod
net and to safely withhold part of it
from the market till the peak of the
apple season is past. It reduces the
perishability Of the crop and makes
for more orderly distribution Of the
supply and a better market.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06

few weeks during the coolest wealth
er. Cocoa and cream soups are the
most popular foods In the menus, but
many other kinds Of hot dishes such
as creamed and escalloped vegetables,
are often added.
Lunches Are Statewide.
Nearly half Of the rural schools in
the state are now serving the hot
lunch, and many persons have beer
actively cooperating to make possible
this big accomplishment The state
wide campaign has been under the d.
rection Of Miss Gladys Stillman and
Miss Nellie Kedzie Jones, home extern
sion workers from the Wisconsin Col
lege of Agriculture A booklet, "The
Hot Lunch in Rural Schools" by Mas
Stillman, gives the summary of the
whole situation and Is simple and
practical guide. About 10000 copies
have been sent to parents and teach
ers
Besides the actual improvement to
health and digestion dueto slower eat
ing and more thorough chewing of
food, there are other benefits. Better
serving, selection and clearing away
Of foods are taught. Better school
work results from better health con-
ditions, and the attendance is Inn
proved. Moreover, the children drink
more milk they get better balanced
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Sweet Glover Requires
Well-Settled Seed Bed

Sweet clover requires well-settled
and firm seed bed, with just enough
loose soil on the surface to permit the
seed to be well covered. When sown
in the spring on winter grain, the seed
bed is as a rule in good condition,
and the seed will be covered by al
ternate freezing and thawing. When
sown with spring grain, the seed bed
is often not so firm as it should be for
rapid termination In such cases it is
a good plan to roll the ground after
seeding. When seeded without nurse
crop 1t should never be sown on land
which has had no chance to settle.
For this reason the land should be
plowed some time before seeding and
worked down by thorough cultivation.
In the West, where spring seeding is
always necessary, the best results are
secured from fall-plowed land followed
by early spring seeding.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06

supervising teacher, Miss Alberta
Worsley, In making the hot lunch a
reality In every rural school. Many
of these associations have helped buy
the equipment, such as stoves and
dishes for serving the lunch, and 9th
ers are contributing supplies apd Civ
ing aid to the teachers in getting the
work started.
Some OF the points wa have empha-
sized In the lunch work in our county
have been punctual serving, ample
time to eat slowly and chew the food
we'll, and nice manners during the
serving" explains Miss Worsley. We
also plan the preparation Of the food
so that no time is taken from regular
school work all the children do their
part in getting the meal ready before
and after school hours. Everybody
has a turn at the work, the boys as
wei as the girls"
Practically every school In Kenosha
county serves its hot lunch from No
vember to May 1, and not merely a
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
HOT LUNCHES WIN
FAVOR IN KENOSHA
Serve 500 School Children
Warm Meals Whole
Year Round.

Kenosha county Is On its last lap
toward the goal "a Hot Lunch In
Evavy School" Today over 90 per
cent of its rural schools are serving
hot dishes at noon, which means that
over 1000 school children are health
Ter, happier and doing better class
work.
Back in 1920 only small number
OF schools had Installed the 'hot lunch
cafeteria" but the number has stead
lily climbed upward until now Kenosha
Is the leading county in this work.
Other Wisconsin counties that are
close upon the heels Of Kenosha are
Dane and Burnett.
Why Kenosha Leads.
'sThere's a reason" for this leader
ship 50 reasons in fact. These are
the 50 up-and-coming Parent Teachers
associations Of the county which are
actively cooperating with the county
superintendent, j.. ). Kerwin, and the
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Cause of Losses
to Pea Gamers
Seed Of Right Variety Is
One Of Most Important
Considerations.

(Preparsd by the United States Department
OF AKriculture)
One Of the most important conSid-
erations In the commercial growing
of peas for canning is seed of the
right variety, as a few plants Of the
wrong kind may ruin the entire pack,
says the United States Department Of
Agriculture. The Alaska variety, which
is the basis of a very large percentage
Of the acreage used for canning pur-
poses, must be- kept reasonably pure
If the crop is to be grown at profit,
and no matter how good the seed is
otherwise, If there is a small per-
centage Of peas known as Bangalias,
the crop will be. undesirable for can
ming because of the discoloratfon pro-
duced by this variety.
Test Samples Of Seed.
During the past two years the de-
partment has collected samples of
seed Of canning peas on the open mar
ket and grown them side by side in
trial grounds; some surprising facts
regarding the quality of the seed have
been brought out In 1923 the growing
tests of Alaska peas comprised 219
samples, and of these, IL proved to be
true to name with no off-type plants.
Sixteen samples we're off-type only in
the slightly greater length Of vine,
while the production and character Of
the pods would admit them for can
ming purposes; 81 samples showed less
than 10 plants per rod Of row of off
type peas and vines. OF the remainder
there We're 81 samples which showed
from 10 to % plants per rod having
long vines not characteristic Of the
Alaska variety. The samples which
had more than % plants per rod of
long vines numbered SO, while 80
samples were either not Alaskas or
were so-called 'swild Alaskas" or field
peas. OF all the 219 samples, 4.6 per
cent were high-grade Alaskas, IA per
cent showed only off-type vines, and
Bill per cent had less than 10 plants
per rod off-type in character. OF these
samples, "a could be used for canning
purposes, but 125 were such decided
departures that they could not be sue
cessfully handled in commercial plant
ings.
Results Of 1928 Tests.
The results of the tests in 1923
paraneled those of 1922 and it is be-
lieved these tests give a good index
of the character Of the seed being
offered to the trade by many seeds
men. The requirements of the COM
mercial growers are very much more
exacting than those of the market
gardener or home gardener. The
planting of extensive acreages Of
spurious or off-type Alaska peas has
resulted in great losses in the eastern
part Of the canning area. In some
cases the pack has been absolutely
rufAed by the presence of a small per-
centage of Bangalias, which discolor
the LIQUID in the cans.
The only insurance against such
losses is high-grade seed true to
varietal type.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Substitutes for Worms
and BUGS During Winter

In order to maintain good egg pro-
duction during the winter months the.
flock owner or attendant must repro
duce as nearly as possible those condi-
lions which exist at the season Of
heavy egg production, say the Ne
braska agricultural college poultry
men. Because of the abundance Of
bugs and worms during the spring
months, and the entire absence Of
them now it is absolutely essential
that some substitute for them be pro-
vided. Such substitutes are known
as "animal feeds and include meat
scraps, tankage, and ground bone.
This dry mash mixture should contain
Is to 20 per cent Of meat scraps or
high-grade tankage. If skim milk or
buttermilk is available the percentage
Of other animal feeds may be de-
creased somewhat.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
[ 0([IllBy
FROM PULLETS
POOR FOR MATCHING

Pullets never should be used as
breeders unless they are early hatched
and handled under the most favorable
conditions. says Noel Hall, extension
specialist of the Missouri state poul-
try experiment station, at Mountain
Grove, Mo.
The following are the essential
points In producing Matching eggs
from pullets:
First, the pullets should be early
Matched. 1t is necessary for the
fowls to be mature for the best re-.
suits.
Second, they must have been raised
properly they must be well devel-
oped. Eight-months-old pul1ets that
have been fed and housed properly
are better than twelve-months pullets
handled under unfavorable conditions.
Third, the pullet should be brought
into lay early in the fall and winter
and allowed a rest before breeding
season. This allows them to be in
good physical condition for the pro-
duction of Matching eggs.
Fourth, a good ration should be
fed throughout the winter but the
pullets should not be forced for pro-
duction. The breeding ration should
contain about three-fourths as much
protein as the laying ration.
Fifth, the pullets used as breeders
should be supplied an abundance of
green food. 1t will pay to use alfalfa
meal or sprouted oats when other
green feed is not available.
We are prone to attempt two bust
nesses In one. Commercial egg pro-
duction and good Matching eggs sell
dom come from the same flock at the
same time. Best results are. secured
from the flock handled especially for
one or the other.
Pullets 10 be used in the breeding
pens next spring should be culled
carefully and placed in separate quar-
tiers. Then they should be fed on
breeding ration and not forced for
production.
Breeding from pullets is to be dis
outraged. It is generally conceded
that the best results are obtained
from hens that have completed one
laying year. However, with special
care, good results can be secured from
well-developed, vigorous pullets if
they are not forced for production.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06

meal, and they learn to like simple
wholesome foods
What Is Needed.
An oil stove and a small table and
dishes for cooking and serving are all
that Is needed to start serving hot
lunches. Parents and teachers have
devised many ways Of raising money
to buy this equipment for their school.
Sometimes the school board finances
1T; sometimes socials Or other enter
tainments are given to raise it.
Beverages, milk, soups and break
fast foods are the best dishes to pre-
pare for the hot school lunch at first,
explains Miss Stillman, ''but later the
teacher may add creamed vegetables
and other simple dishes to the list"
The standard toward which Miss
Stillman aims is "Hot lunch in every
school every day for at least four
months" She hopes the day is not
far off when this standard will be
reached By 100 per cent Of the schools
in the state.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06

as Ohio Manchu, topped the yield of
seed in 1923 at TIT bushels an acre.
Despite the fact. that the past fall
was an extremely bad one for curing
soy bean hay because of the rainy
weather, the brown unpalatable-look-
ing hay is eaten with apparent relish
by the dairy cows In the university
herd The milk yield IS practically as
high on the soy bean hay ration as
when alfalfa hay is fed
Demonstration plots in many coun-
ties Of the state coupled with the
killing of clover seeding by the
drought last summer are two reasons
advanced for an increased acreage Of
soy beans in the state this year. Farm
ers are impressed with the remarkable
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Serviceable Floor for
: New House for Poultry

Here's a way to make dry and
serviceable floor for that new poultry
house. Use four inches of good grade
cinders covered with two layers OF tar
paper and three inches Of cement on
top. The cinders should not give any
trouble from disintegration or allow
the floor to sag or break, for they are
often used in a similar way.
A thoroughly dry floor for the poul-
try is essential to success, according
to the department of agricultural engi-
neering at Iowa State college, which
offers this suggestion.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1924-03-06
Eggs for Matching Need
Most Careful Attention.

Under average conditions it is not
desirable to keep eggs that are to be
used for Matching longer than ten
days. Satisfactory matches may be OBJ
tanned after keeping them over three
weeks If they are carefully turned
and kept at temperature of about
sd degrees Fahrenheit Experiments
show that the longer the eggs are
kept the lower will be the percentage
of chicks.
The eggs should be turned once a
day. Eggs shipped from a distance
should be carefully unpacked and left
In quiet place "a hours before be-
ing placed under hens.-E. J. Peter
son, North Dakota Agricultural Col
lege.