davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1924-06-20

morning hour when the son of Ohio
finally won the day. This is the
way the song goes:
Ohio, Ohio,
The hills send back the cry,
We're here to do or die"
Ohio, Ohio,
Wen nominate Cox
Or know the reason why!
In San Francisco the Cox boomers
had a brass band with them. They
Will not bring one to New York. The
Cox boom is not brass band affair
this time. His supporters say they
are for him to the end and believe he
will win.
The selection of Homer Cummings
as chairman of the resolutions COM
mittee means that the friends of the
league of nations will have a strong
ally at the head of the committee
which is to draft the platform. Many
of the delegates who will attend the
convention this year remember the
mastery grafton delivered by Mr..
Cummings at San Francisco. His
tribute then to the work of Woodrow
Wilson in the war and at the peace
rhetorical sincerity. Mr. Cummings
feels at this time that the party is
under greater obligations than ever
to it's dead President and the plat
form references in that respect will
be awaited with the keenest interest.
There is no chance that this con-
vention will be permitted to evade
the league of nations issue. And thus
far there is no indication among the
arriving delegates of a desire to
evade it. They say that Mr.. Cool
idge's recent speeches all show an
international trend" and they be-
lieve the Republicans willhstress the
international aspects of the country's
affairs.
Coincident with the arrival of the
first southern delegates, Georgia wa
termelons have made their appear
ance in restaurant windows and
fruitererS' shops. Some georgia
peaches also have arrived.
There is something quite inspiring
about the sumptuousness of some OF
the Democratic aspirants for the
presidency. Mr.. McAdoo is living at
the Vanderbilt. Gov. Smith Is at the
Biltmore. Both had humble begin
nings, but their present surroundings
are the last word in luxury.
The Waldorf lobbies had a real
thrill today. 1t was reported that
Jim Ham Lewis of Chicago lad ar
rived in all the glory OF his PINK
whiskers, curly locks and pearl fe-
dora hat The rumor proved un-
founded. The gentleman was from
Porto Rico, but he promises 10 run
linn Ham a close second as sartorlal
and pulchritudinous idol of the unter-
rified Democracy.
Copyright. 1s24.)
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06
Very Easy Matter to
Destroy "B" Battery

A short circuit on a "B" battery
will destroy it in very short time
because the cells are small and the
chemicals are rapidly exhausted I'M
der heavy currents. Often the first
warning of this condition is when the
warmth of the battery is noted The
only preventive is to connect a fuse
in the circuit that will blow when
too much current is drawn. This is
protection that few sets have; it
is standard practice in all other fields
of electrical application.
Changing the direction of the an
tenna may increase the signal strength.
If the antenna is built like a Il, the
ends should point toward the station
that the operator desires most to hear.
If 1t is like an inverted l., the elbow
where the fiat top and the lead-in
wire join should point toward the send.
ing station for the loudest results.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06
Hints for Amateurs
Who Build Own Sets

In any circuit where one side of the
| condenser is connected to the ground
it is best to ground the rotating plates,
thus doing away with some of the
hand-capacity effects.
For real DIX work a 3OO-foot an
tenna with a series variable condenser
works very well. Although this is not
as selective as a shorter one, surpris-
ing results will be experienced for
long distance reception as we'll as
local audibility. This is an old anna
teur stunt.
In wiring a receiver set all connect
ing wires should be short, direct and
well spaced from each other.
Wire used for winding inductance
coil should have as little insulation
Immediately surrounding the wire as
possible. This adds to the distributing
capacity of the coil and results in
loss of power and audibility.
1t Is worth while to use dead end"
switches for disconnecting the major
part of the coil when not in use. Why
waste power by having the unused
portion in the circuit?
For clearer reception use a c bat
terry in each step of application This
will double the life of the battery.
as the plate will only draw about half
when battery is connected in the
circuit.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06
Care in Connecting
Jacks for Amplifers

Where vacuum tubes, and number
of steps of application are used it is
sometimes advantageous to be able to
connect in on the detector tube or on
one or more stages Of application.
Telephone jacks are a great conven-
ience to those who know how to con-
meet them for this purpose. If con-
nected improperly they are sources
of constant trouble.
Jacks are generally used to shift
from one stage to the next. There are
other types which may be wired to
control automatically the filament
current. This arrangement is a con-
venient one and results in a great saw
ing of battery power.
Wiring the jacks in an amplifier cir
cult is Outlines difficult problem and
unless the builder has some knowledge
of them 1t is best to leave them alone.
An amplifier jack poorly wired will
spoil the efficiency of the set as q
whole.
1t is best to avoid the use of fiux
or soldering paste when soldering the
connections to the terminals of the
telephone Jacks At times builders
make an untidy job of this so that
when the flux is heated it soaks
through and finds its way to the pa
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06

Miss Mary Katherine Campbell,
twice proclaimed "Miss America"
has taken TANLAC and endorses it
in a statement recently given to the
women of America. In this state
ment, Miss America declares that
Good Health is the basis of all Beau
ty, and advises women who would be
beautiful to First find good health"
Her complete statement as given
is as follows: 81 consider it a great
privilege to be able to tell the thou
sands of women everywhere what a
great tonic TANLAC is. Health is
the basis of all beauty. Without
good health, one is apt to be run
down, nervous, underweight, high
strung, anemic. Indigestion drives
the roses from a woman's cheeks and
robs her of that radiant quality of
womanhood that is real beauty.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06
HAS HIGHEST PHONE STATION
Loftiest One in World Located at Me-
neurological Observatory on
Top of Mount Rosa.

II appears that the highest tele-
phone station in the world is that of
the meteorological observatory on the
top of Monte Rosa, at height of
1880 feet. Since the station is occu-
pied only for short period each year,
the poles carrying the telephone wire
are removed at the end of each season
and re-erected when this is required.
1t is interesting to know that the
unusual conditions of weather which
are met with in the mountain region
do not hinder. but on the other hand
really favor, the operation of the tele-
phone line. Short poles are used and
at the center of each span the wire
touches the snow, but as the snow is
quite dry il is good insulator and no
leakage troubles are found. Indeed
the final section of the line. from the
Col du Lys to the peak, is simply laid
across the snow without the use of any
other support. Where the poles are
used. to prevent any breakage of the
wire owing to movements of the gla-
cier, the line is carried through rings
on the poles and is not attached fast
to the insulators. The line crosses
two valleys, each about $500 feet wide.
and naturally they must be crossed by
a single span. But the depth of the
rhvines is so great that the sag of the
wires is of no Importance.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06

micro-watts of radio signals addition.
ally impressed upon them would over.
load them as has been many times
stated
In general there are practically two
forms of using vacuum tubes as radio
frequency amplifiers, |. e. the coupling
transformers may be either unable or
fixed The tunable type transformers
are so designed that they may be
tuned, usually by variable condense-
In the other type the transformers
cover a certain range without tuning
The latter are broad and make for
unselective reception.
1t Is imperative that if selectivity is
to be had where radio frequency ampli-
fication is employed the coupling trans
formers must permit tuning adjustment
by variable tuning device such as a
variable condenser. Because the trans
former Is actually trned 10 the signal
with this type of radio frequency am
plifcation, not only great selectivity Is
obtained, but greater application is
likewise secured.
Either vacuum tube, two or three
electrode, or any of the many forms of
crystal rectifiers of high frequency
currents can be used as rectifier, we
are told. However, in a reflex circuit,
due to the particular location in the
circuit and inherent characteristics of
the detector, crystal rectifier will be
more satisfactory. By the use of the
proper crystal rectifier an excellent
controlling effect on the stability Of
the entire circuit may be had This
feature is not generally known, but is
demonstrated in the stability of the
circuits using this form of a detector.
Not every crystal rectifier which |
might possess high rectifying proper
ties will be found the best for this pur-
pose, due to the fact that the crystal
can be made to provide a stabilizing
effect on the reflex action of the cir
cult. The fixed type of crystal natural
y requiring no adjustment, if correct
y designed, affords the best form of
'ectifier for the reflex circuit.
Another point of interest is the fact
hat not every audio transformer can
re used in a reflex circuit. In a reflex
,ircuit the audio transformer is asso-
lated with the radio frequency cur
ents of the circuits and requires a de-
ign and construction differing from
he regular audio transformer.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06
High


The principle of the reflex circuit de-
ponds on the ability of a three-elec-
trode vacuum tube to permit currents
of different frequencies to pass
through 1t at the same time. The fire.
quencies Of the currents induced in q
radio antenna system are very rapid,
varying in value from about 500 to l.
600 kilo-cycles per. second, depending
on wave lengths. This current in the
antenna system Is generally termed the
radio frequency current. In a reflex
system these radio frequency currents
are usually amplified to increase their
Intensity before impressing them on
the rectifier or detector, which con-
verts these high frequency currents
After rectification these currents are
then amplified as were the radio cur
rents by a three-electrode vacuum
tube. Here lies the particular advan.
tage of the reflex system over other
systems.
In other systems, after rectification
the rectlfied radio or audio currents
al Z ulupilutu ny duulllOudl luDeS LOT
this purpose. In a reflex system be-
fore these input radio frequency cur
rents are rectified they are reim-
pressed back on the tubes which am
plified them at radio frequency, and
when rectified are reamplified at audio
frequency before being passed on to
the receivers or loud speaker to be
converted to sound waves.
There are number of methods of
utilizing the reflex principle, among
which are the type of reflex wherein
the reflex action proceeds from the in
put to the output tube in direct pro-
gression and where the reflex action Is
performed in more than one tube |
Then there is the so-caled inverse du- |
pick system wherein the reflex action
Is not progressive, but is inverted back |
toward the input tubes. In the Erla |
circuits the reflex action is progressive |
from the input, but is only utilized in
one tube. Due to the complexity of
radio frequency it is not
possible to successfully stabilize a sys-
em wherein the reflex action is incud-
I'd in more than one stage. It is not
| matter of balancing the loads in the
various tubes, as it can be readily
hown that the loads caused by any
ludio signals on the tubes in these
ircuits are never such that the few
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06

ct have taken TANLAC and I do
not hesitate to say that it is won
derful health-giving tonic. 1t has
brought relief and good health to
many women, and with good health
one may have measure of beauty
that will overcome shortcomings in
face and figure.
"Rosy cheeks, sparkling eyes,
well-rounded figure, lovable dis
position, go hand in hand with good
health. To those searching for beau
ty, T would say-First of all, Find
Good Health The TANLAC treat
ment has proven itself boon to
womankind, and I recommend it."
Miss Campbell has written book
let on Health and Beauty which may
be secured by filling out the coupon
below.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06
Above Is Shown a Two-Circuit Jack.
Below the Single-Circuit Jack.

per washers that lie between the con-
tact connections of the jacks This
prevents most of the energy from fax
ing its proper course and the result
Is a weakened signal.
There are three types of jacks
used in radio circuits, namely, open
circuit jack, the close, or two-circuit
jack and the automatic filament light
ing jack. They are shown in the ac-
companying diagram. There are also
a few jacks of peculiar make which
are rarely used.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1924-02-06
Birds Have Freedom of City,

In Palestine the swallows are al
lowed the freedom not only Of the
houses and living rooms. but Of the
mosques and sacred tombs, where they
build their nests and rear their young.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-06-11
ALABAMA's WATER POWER

Alabama's position as a center of water-power development is strength ened by the construction of the projects on the Tallapoosa river by the Alabama Power Company. It is understood that the two turbines first to be installed will develop a horsepower of 45,0OO each, with further installations possible up to a total capacity of 450,000 horsepower. It is interesting to observe that the project is the first one in the state to depend principally upon the impounding of flood waters and their msasured feeding throughout the year, rather than upon the ordinary current. It is believed that the potentialities of impounding waters have scarcely been estimated for this state. There is hardly a stream of any size and fall which does not have such potentialities. Fullest advantage of such stream capacity is essential to com plete water power development. With each new installation also there are made use of the newest devices for the fullest efficiency in transforming water flow and head into electric current. Un- doubtedly ten years hence it will be found that the equipment now in opera tion will be replaceable by other equip ment that will develop greater power out of the same head and flow. But at present Alabama can lay claim to the last word in hydro-electric equipment and efficiency.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-06-11
TEST OF BUSINESS FAITH

As rule the test of mans faith in a business opportunity is measured by his willingness to put his money into it, ii he possesses means. If he has little means, but intelligence, industry and character he can usually finance prop osition of whose merits he can convince others who have means. Money is the least essential of industrial success, be- cause there is plenty of money in the country, and thousands of people with it looking for opportunities to invest in enterprises which promise opportunities. On the other hand, business judgment, industry and character are much scarcer than money. The combination can com mand any reasonable capital for launch ing enterprises that offer opportunities for successful development.
 Some such application may be made of the industrial situation in the Bir- mingham district. At the beginning of it's industrial development it possessed as many opportunities for expansion as it does now from a physical standpoint. The physical clements which made the Birmingham district a great center of industry and. production were here be- fore there was any town. What was needed was for men of faith, capacity, industry and character to convince financial interests, whether individuals or groups, of these opportunities. They did this, and the necessary capital has been forthcoming ever since.
 There be some faint-hearted ones who grow pessimistic when there is a slight temporary setback in business because of some political or other influences of brief duration. It has always been so, not only in this district, but every where. Fortunately, these are few and, as rule, comparatively unproductive. The Birmingham district, while feeling in small way effects of a showdown in industry because of temporary uncerL tainty over political possibilities, is little, if any, short of normal in its seasonal activities. During the month of May new corporations formed represented a total authorized investment sof $320,- 900, which is at the rate of $3, ,840,0 ,000 a year, while increases in capital stock for the same month represented total authorized investment of $824,000, or a record for the year at the same rate of more than ten million dollars. This does not include increased investments of the larger industries, but only miscel- laneous enterprises. .st
 Investment of $13,928,O 1000 year in the capitalization of the smaller diversi- fled industries and commercial enter prises of the district indicates faith in it's opportunities for development. To- tai capital invested in the district dur ing the year will, of course, be very much larger than this. There is no basic cause for any pessimism which a few gloom distributors may undertake to spread. The Birmingham district is industrially strong, and possesses every element for continued development on large scale. The outlook is reassuring. A determina- tion by everybody to accept the oppor- tunities at hand and overlook a few floating cloudets which soon will have passed over will conquer every depressive influence,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-06-11
Be1vare The Blue
By H. ADpINGTON RRuCE

Two men were discussing third. Said one !. How blue and discouraged he looks all the time, and how mournfully he speaks. let happen to know that he has no real reason for looking, or speaking that way. It must simply be habit, though a most 3"',f"rtunate one. and one that makes him mighty poor company."@.
 cvmpany.' echoed the second "TIe Is positively depressing. That's why I, al- ways give him wide berth, like him we'll enough, but 1 certainly don't want to feel the way he looks"
 Herein, without knowing it, spoke true psychologist
 There are times---times of sickness and be- reaYement, for example-when it is not mere " the right but the humane thing to seek out the grieving and Respondent There are condltlons-as when one is a member of the same household-when it is impossible not to De much in the company of the habitually, misanthropic. '' But of ones own accord to associate with those who perpetually complain, to make in innate friends of grouch-bearers and frown- wearers, is both unnecessary and really dan gerous to ones peace of mind
 It IS not merely that the chemically blue are disquieting companions With all the potency of an invisible virus their mood in. fects those who over-frequently consort with them. Then it results that, soon or late. their luckless associates in their own turn life W
 Especially should the companionship of the gloom-bound be avoided by all who them selves have any marked tendency to be easily discouraged, and by the physically weakened from any cause. Under either of these cir. cumstances. which always involve an in. creased suggestibility, contact with blueness may have effects as hurtful to the health as the morale, 4
 Physicians intuitively sensed this long ago How often some such instructions as these are given to a nurse:
 | Keep So-and-so out of the sickroom a, much as you can. So-and-so seems constitu tionally incapable of looking cheerful, and Tn not surprised to find that our patient is al ways worse when So-and-so stays with hin any length of time"
 But for the matter of that, even tho healthy in some measure ,imperil their healtl when they make close friends of the pessi mistic. The moment they themselves be come infected with the psychic poison of pes simism, of grouchiness, of blueness, that mo ment their vital processes begin to weaker and slow down.
 It cannot be otherwise, in. view of tn, proved interdependenee of mental and phy sical states. Depression of mind invariabl, and inevitably means some degree of bodily depression, just as cheerfulness of mind in variably and inevitably means greater bodill vigor. @lf
 So far as you can, then, choose you friends from among the cheerful and no from among melancholy souls. The urge O the latter will always be to make you akil to their own unhappy selves, and you can not risk that
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-06-11
JAPANESE ATTITUDE

' The Japanese government has assured our state department that it will con- tinue to observe tha stipulations of the gentlemen's agreement until July 1, the date on which the exclusion provision goes into effect. The government also assures us that the anti-American dem onstrations are staged by irresponsible agitators with no substantial backing of any sort. Thus it appears that the Jap anese government desires to continue to stand we'll with us and to confine to diplomatic passages any further consid- eration of the exclusion act. This is a very wise attitude and proves more com pletely than anything else the value which the Japanese place upon our trade and friendship. Perhaps they also per ceive that the basis of the exclusion is not racial, as was at first declared; but
 economic, an argument that the Japa-, nese, with their national necessity for
 thrift, understand very well.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-06-11
Brief Nature Studies
By J. OTIS SWIFT

Where Boy Scouts not long ago hunted the cocoons of the woolly bear caterpillar at Rocky Lonesome, Girl Scouts the other day found the oddly y-striped Virgin tiger moth Apantesis virgo, not very uncommon in the North Atlantic States and Canada. The girls were on their knees in the dead leaves looking for pepper-root, or would never have noticed it. so good is its color protection The lines on it's fore wings look like light-colored sticks criss-cross on the ground.
 Arctiidea is an extensive family of moths, the typical forms having plump bodies and wide wings, generally striped or spotted, giv- ing the suggestive name tiger moths" The larvae are often hairy caterpillars, some called ''woolly bears" Apantensis is large genus of typical tiger moths, often with fore wings black and light colored stripes branching and yellow, pink or red hind wings with black spots.
 The woolly bear caterpillar is the hairy larva of bombycid moths including tiger moths. Among the most commonly seen in this country are the salt-marsh, red and black woolly bear, or caterpillar of the err mine moth, Spilosoma virginica.