The Birmingham age-herald., 1924-03-25
ROME IS AWED, AS AMERICANS
 ARE ELEVATED Archbishops Hayes And
 Mundelein Become Cardinals CHICAGO DIGNITARY IS YOUNGEST OF ALL Pope Praises America For
 Her Humanitarian
 Deeds

ROME, March 24.--(By Associat- ed Press)-The elevation of Archbishop Hayes of New York and Archbishop Mundelein of Chicago to cardinals of the Roman Catholic faith took place this morning at the moment of the delivery of the sacred "biglietti' by special emissaries from Pope Plus after secret consistory, in which these two American prelates were formally raised to the purple of the cardinalate.
 When the pontifical emissaries de- livered the tidings, they addressed each recipient as "most illustrious and most reverend archbishop" but on their leave taking, the form of address was {: Most eminent and reverend prince"
 Henceforth the title to be employed will be: Your eminence" instead of in addressing the American dignitaries Your grace"
 The American members of the sacred college now number four, the two others being Cardinal O'Connen of Boston and Cardinal Daugherty of Philadelphia.
 EulOgizes American People
 The pontiff, in reading his allocation in which the American prelates were nominated. pronounced an impressive eulogy of tie American people.
 The pope gave as his reason for ele- vating Archbishops Hayes and Munde- lein their personal qualities, the im- pOrtance of their respective sees and the seal and merit of their pastoral min istry, which has already shed lustre on the hierarchy of the United States of America"
 Despite the unostentatious charac- ter of today's ceremonies, large groups of sightseers gathered around the doors of the vatican and the propagation and American colleges to obtain a glimpse of the scenes within.
 Promptly at 10 o'clock a score of violet garbed cardinals resident in Rome assembled in the historic Con- sistoral hall and seated themselves in semi-circle before the pontifical throne to await the appearance of the holy father.
 Richly Decorated Scene
 The Consistoral hall, constructed un- der Pope Clement VIII, is one of the most richly decorated rooms of the vati- can: it's red silken draperies blended with the violet robes of the cardinals, set ting off in striking contrast the pure white. of the pOHtiffss vestments as he lstfode in with slow and measured steps, to read the allocation.
 The approval of the cardinals was indicated at the end by the simulta- neous lifting of their skull caps, where upon his holiness tinkled little golden bell, indicating that the emissaries might depart to deliver the "biglietti" to the chosen dignitaries.
 The consistory having been declared ended, the three pOntifical enissaries- Monsignor Gervasi, Cardinal Gasparri's master of the household, Monsignor Tani, Cardinal Gasparri's master of ceremonies, and Cavaliere Riggi, secre- tary to the apostolic chancellor-de- parted on their sacred missions. They drove in a black closed coach drawn by two glistening black horses, simply decorated with black harnesss.
 Pedestrians and Roman shopkeep- CTS turned to gaze as the steeds pranced ing streets.
 Await Summons
 Meanwhile the prospective recipients of p0ntifical honors, surrounded by a few close friends, took up their pO- sitions to await this official call from the holy father. MOnsignor Munde- lein, clad in the violet silk robes of an archbishop, waited in the congrega- tiOnal hall of the college of the Propa- gation, while Archbishop Hayes, simi- larly attired, waited in the salon of the American college. Besides the few who were with the expectant pre- lates in the antechambers, about 100 invited guests, including the students of the two colleges, assembled in the two halls to watch the ceremonies.
 The papal emissaries drove to the college of the Propagation and delivered Archbishop Mundelein's "biglietti'' first as he was the. senior American arch bishop, although in years he is the youngest cardinal in the sacred college, II the pOntifical coach rolled up to being 51. Just as the clock struck the Piazza di Spagna, upon which fronts the hall whereupoh Archbishop Nun delein waited in solemn silence.
 The silence became even more pro- found as the papal eouriers entered. They advanced to the archbishop. Monsignor Gervasi and the other two couriers bent the knee and handed the archbishop an envelope enclosing the papal announcement Archbishop Nun delein accepted it, and handed it over to Monsignor Marchett Selvagniani, secretary, who opened it and read:
 '"rhe holy father in secret consistory has had the benignity to elevate to the dignity of cardinal his grace, the arch bishop of the diocese of Chicago, in ap- precia tiOn and consideration of the great work he has done.
 (Signed.) "Gasparri."
 The new cardinal then delivered a short address of gratitude and the emis- saries withdrew. They then drove to the American college where an identical ceremony was enacted with Archbishop Hayes playing the principal role. The hlal where the ceremony took place was crowded, many prominent New York dignitaries and laymen being present, as well as students of the American college and numbre of correspondents.
 Immediately after tue ceremonies, the official visits of congratulations began.
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