davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
PUBLIC PAYROLL
COST IS S34
PER CAPITA
100000 Persons In United
States Are in Local or
National Service.

ny SOBInOpOutAn NeWU SERVICE
- NEW YORK, April 5.-There are
100000 persons on the nations
public payroll and it takes $780,.
600, 900 in taxes. yearly, to support
them, a survey by the National In
dustrial Conference Board showed
today.
This puts a burden of sol a year
on every person more than ten
years old who is painfully employed,
the report says. The survey covers
persons ON local, state and ma.
tional payrools.
"Outlays running into stupendous
figures" says the report, ARE
worthy Of careful study conducive
to rigorous retrenchment in public
expenditures, to elimination OF
waste and duplication that still
exists in our public economy, and
to a reduction of needless functions
and services that abound.
Exclusive of pensioners, there
are 100000 public servants on the
payroll of national, state and
municipal governments. They re.
ceive approximately, three and one
half billions a year in pay. Pen
sioners and other inactive persons
number $4,000 who get annually
$500 100000. Thus, the number of
active and inactive persons on the
public's payroll is close to 100000
and the cost to maintain them there,
including the active public servants
pay of $500, 100000 a year,
reaches the huge total shown.
"Further analysis by the confer
,ence board shows "a public payroll
cost to every man, woman and,
child in the United States Of 1874
a year, nearly half-x46 per cent
the amount paid out in wages by all
the factories producing more than
$4,000 worth of goods a year in
1921"
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
alaska SALMON.
CANNER|ES
F[AYED
i0ompers Says Conditions Dis
covered There Are Revolving
Almost Beyond Belief.

Charges rivaling the old time
stockyards jungle in connection
with Alaska salmon packing have
neen laid before representatives OF
the Government, both Legislative
and departmental and measures will
De prepared for introduction in
Congress for the purpose of elm.
mating the evils.
This was announced by President
Gompers of the American Fedora.
ton of Labor today just prior to his
departure from Washington on
business Of the American Fedora,
ton of Labor which will take him
to a number of cities, during the
next two weeks.
Calls Conditions Revolving.
The conditions which we have
discovered" said Mr.. Gompers, "are
revolving. They are almost beyond
belief. In part these conditions
were brought to out attention by
representatives of workers ir
Alaska. Other facts were brought
to our attention by Representatives
or the organized workers of Cali
fornia. Inquiry through a number
or channels has served to brine
EOOSCoClOn
or the most astounding nature.
Briefly we find the following
major evils:
F1rSt-A contracting and sub
contracting system of employ
ment which renders the workers
helpless and which makes them
the victims of a network of evils
IN working conditions, lin housing
conditions and in regard to sub
slStence and which tends to their
physical weakening and moral de-
bauchery.
''SecOnd-WorI1ing and housing
conditions in Alaska which rival
the worst peOnage conditions of
eaFly-day lumber camps and which
take no COgniZance of the needs
OF humanity i'm any respect.
Third-A lack of sanitary reg.
uIadOns in the canneTies them
selves that results in filth of the
most revolving nature.
FOurth-The presence Of a
narcotic traffic and addiction in
the cannerieS that is first in VIC
latlOn of law and that is, second,
q contributing factor of major
Importance in the exploitation of
the workers. ~
''Fifth-We find a probable VIC.
IatiOn of immigration laws i'm the
bringing of Chinese gangs into
the CannerieS.
Only Summary.
"This is merely a summarizatioi
Of vast amount Of evidence in tn,
form of official reports and affi
davits. There can be no doubt q.
to the truth of the charges, becaus,
of the overwhelming volume an,
official nature of the evidence, arlc
also because the Gamers themselve.
make tacit admission of. every
charge. ~. ~ q I, :
There are Gamers in 'Alask;
who observe proper regulations, bu
the prevalence of the conditions t,
which we have called attention il
sufficient to require a rectificatior
Of the conduct of the industry un
der the spur of law
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
German Request Ratified.

PARIS, April 5.-Germany's note
requesting the allies to turn over TO
the League Of Nations the investi.
cation into the military control
situation in Germany: was ratified
to the various Allied gevernments
by the Ambassadors Council today.
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
MARRIAGE LICENSES.

Unless otherwise specified, the follow.
ing licensed to marry are from this city:
John Felkner, SO. of Brooklyn, N. Y,
and Lottie Ashley, p, of New York
Rev. T. E. Davis.
Sumner Powers. %, Of Baltimore. and
Anna H. Appler, IS. Rev. A. ]. ODDS.
:. Benjamin Goldbern, 81, and Lena
Lober. 81, both of Richmond Rev. A,
Shefferman.
Albert r. Howard, 20, and Margaret
A. Watson. IS. Rev. T. E. Davis.
Herbert L. Fowler, "a, of Akron, Ohio,
and v. Gertrude Childress, 20. Rev.
John E. Briggs.
Victor Nolan, 81. and Miriam c. Nash,
II. Rev. J. v. Buckley.
Charles W. Howard, 32. and Betty L.
Bournes, 20, of New York. Rev. John
e. Briggs.
Harold Snyder Higgins, rs, and Helen
I. stickel, 20: Rev. 4. $: Mowbray.
whitman e. Wetzel, 40, and Rose A.
Adams. SO. Rev. B. L. Hynson.
Maxwell Dobbin, 26, and Mary ElenoI
Ugel, %. Rev. M. A. Hurowitz.
Roy M. Kibler O22, of Waynesboro
Va, and Luna May Meyer. %, of Har-
rington, Del. Rev. ]. e. Briggs.
Ernest o. Poland, 81, and Grayce
Fraser, %. Rev. w. s. Abernethy.
Roger Eldoras Smith, %, and Mar.
garet Lucy Austin, IS. Rev. William H.
Hilbish.
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
MISS MARGUERITE v. CRIsT

Miss Marguerite Virginia Christ,
well known in Georgetown and Vir-
ginia, died at her home, $500 Thir-
teenth street northwest, early this
morning, following lingering ILL.,
ness.
Miss Crist was born February 1,
1902, at Arlington. Va, and is sur
vived by her mother, Mrs. A. II.
Crist, two brothers, Ashton H. and
Donnally, and one sister, Mrs. al
Hazel Campbell.
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
:DUNLOPS guard
our customers
CONFIDENCE

TX1E'RE proud Of the fact that many Of our
wv customers pull up at our curb and simply
say-"put on couple of tires"
That's the sort of confidence that makes business
worth while.
When we accepted the offer of Dunlop Tire
Franchise, we kept faith with our customers
For IS years, Dunlop has been keeping faith with
the motorists Of six continents. Dunlop materials
have the quality Of worldwide selection. Dunlop
manufacture has the EXPERIENCES of long exc
perience. @~
That's the sort of tire, our cnstomers want to
buy-the sort that we are proud to sell.
Dunlop tires, plus our service, cost no more
than other reputable makes.
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
Spanish Educator Dies.

M ADRID, April eduardo
Vicenti, well-known educator and
politician, died today.
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
1n Mernorlalll

HEDDING-In loving remembrance Of
our little sister, STELLA KELLY
HEDDING, who departed this life SIX
years ago today.
lust a line of sweet remembrance.
Just a memory fond and true,
Just token of loves devotion
That our hearts still long for you.
Papa. Madeline and Viola.
SANDERSON. In sweet and loving re-
LAURA GEE sANDERsON, who de-
Roses viii wither, leaves fade and die,
Others will forget you. but never will j.
Daughter Son and Husband ana
SON LIVISK. f. W. SANDERSON,
Jr., f. w. SANDERSON, Sr.. Mrs.
MARY GEE. Chick Springs, S. C.
FLORISTS
APPROPRIATE Funeral Tokens
GUIDE Bros. Co., 1912 F st. N. w,
pressive--Inexpensive
Prompt Auto Delivery Service.
GEO. H. COOKE,
| q: FLORAL TRIBUTES.
11o2 Conn. Ave. N. w. Frank. 1908.
GEO. A. COMELY,
Grower of Choice Flowers.
5000 NJ st. N. w. Wills
WE CAN SAVE YOU MONEY
Funeral Flowers Delivered Free.
CASH AND CARRY FLOWER STORES
S07 14th st. 804 18th ST. 1909 Wis Ave.
Frank. 5442. Frank. 1891. West 1902
FUNERAL DIRECTORS
JOHN T. RHINES & co.
Private Ambulance. Virginia License.
sO1 Third st. s. w. Frank. 31os.
BARNES Undertaking Establishment,
enbaInier, automobile service, Gil
~ st. 8. w. FIR. 1904.
COMPLETE FUNERAL $125.
| w. ERNEST JARVIS (COLOREDl.
S222 Ga. Ave, ". w. North 1915
: FRANK WILLTAMS-COLORE
Undertaken and Ernbalmer; home-like
chapel 1S4 L st. N. w. Frank. 4252-J.
JOSEPH !. BAILEY co. 4 ~
| COLORED. I'm
| 227 X ST. N. w. MAIN s272
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
MRS. ARLIEN TERRY RITTER.

Final rites for Mrs Arlien Terry
Ritter, who died Thursday at her
home, GA East Capitol street north
west, will be held Monday morning
at 8 o'clock from st. Patrick s
Church. Interment will be at Con.
gressional Cemetery.
Mrs. Ritter was born in Washing.
ton, and had lived here all her life.
She was graduated from Eastern
High School, and was employed by
the Southern railway. She leaves
her husband, Paul r. Ritter, and
her mother, Mrs. Nellie R. Terry
of this city.
The Washington times., 1924-04-05
MRS. AUGUSTA p. ELMORE.

Interment Of Mrs. Augusta Pa FL
more, resident Of this city for the
past forty-two years, who died yes
terday at her apartment at 1880
eighteenth street northwest, will be
held Monday afternoon at Glenwood
Cemetery. Services will be con-
Quoted from the John r. Wright
undertaking establishment by the
Rev. Earle Whitley at 1890 o'clock.
Mrs. Elmore, who was Miss
Augusta Ashburn, was born in
Northumberland county, Va, came
to this city after the death of her
husband. She attended the Vermont
Avenue Christian Church and is
survived by her daughters, Mrs. Ed.
ward F. Colladay, Miss Annie L.
Gilmore, and a son, F. Stanley Ell
more, who lives at Meridian, Miss.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08
THE COOLIDGE TO MLEAN TELEGRAMs

r@HE gray pack cry denouncng Senator Walsh
for dragging the of President Coolidge into the
oil scandal
cheap attempt to vilify the President, is the
Tribune the introduction of the Coolidge
kilograms Mclean into the Senate committee record
Our view is that Senator Walsh any other
Der of the committee dragged the President into the
oil investigation.
Whatever "draggng" was by the President
himself.
On Jan H. at Palm Beach, Mclean testified under
Walsh he did lend Fall 100000 though he had
vousy told the Senate committee through his attorney that he
had
McLeans testimony published Washington
ing newspapers of IL and the Washington morning
papers of Jan. IL
goes without saying in matter of grave impor
involving Administration the President perfectly
familiar with McLean testimony when he sent him personal
telegram at o'clock, evening of Jan -.
say telegram ambiguous in text sent by the chief
executive of the most important figures the oil nvest
CATION critical period proper matter for the Sen
and for the knowledge of the public
to both irrational and illogical.
Coolidge says telegram had reference
oil referred District of Columbia matters The country
as read the telegram and it has the Presidents explanation
the telegram from the President Mclean
dated Feb II and has the Presidents explanation of that
The country will Judge whether any
between kilograms and the oil investigation.
The country also will judge the propriety of the Pres
dent being friendly intimate teegraph correspondent
with Mclean these times and under these circumstances
The atmosphere surrounding this oil scandal is quite i'm
portant the separate facts and the Coolidge to Mclean ee
grams certainly vital contributions the atmosphere
Then there another aspect of the oil scandal which makes
these kilograms particularly the one significant exhibits
the of the people the oil thieves will be
bered secretary Semp testified before the
mittee during the month he Florida he Mclean
.only occasionally and accidentally
President sending message Slemp through
runs the credbiity of Slemps testimony.
The White House apparently thought the between
Mclean and Semp than occasional and accidental
For the purpose of testing Semp testimony the first pres
Dental telegram useful the the telegram from
Slemps office White House advising Mclean
Semps departure for Florida and similar from
sof McLean's Washington agents to the effect
As the second presidential message it about the
DENLY resignation and decidedly part the oil
dial The President egraphng of the chief in
she another of the chief
sDenby
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08

"Of course it will" I answered
1--WE seen to it that it will; Some day
it is going to be the salvation of the
Navy"
We'll let me tell you," Stack add
ed candidly, cit isn't going to stay
in the ground"
believe asked him what he
meant. but at any rate he went on in
some such words as these:
ut can't stay in the ground be.
cause a new Administration is com.
ing, and 1t win be taken out by them.
Now, I'm Democrat, and my friends
are Democrats. Isn't 1t better to let
the Democrats and your friends have
1t than to wait until the other fel-
lows do?"
Others Are Honest
There is no such thing as politics
in the naval reserves and OIL" told
him. at is possible there are certain
politicians bad enough to do a thing
of that sort, but those in power
wouldn't dare They couldn't expect
to get away with it. Besides, it is
my observation that persons of the
opposition are just as DESTROYS of
serving their Navy, and are honest"
And I believed 1t. I have known
a great many politicians In many
parties. and did not believe Stack had
proper foundation for his words.
He seemed inclined to scoff at this
view; declared he knew what he was
talking about; told me there was no
use taking that attitude, for, said he.
the ''oil would be taken OUT by others
and I might as well realize that.
and" he concluded, as nearly as
I can recall, II stand ready TO pay
more for It. It will be dcne anyway
and the Government might as well
get as much out of It as it can. 1
know what I'm talking about. You
had best let your friends and Demo
Gratis have it."
I merely smiled then.
But as things loom now. II seems
that he might have known what he
was talking about.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08

My policy was, and always will be,
TO keep the oil in the ground where 1t
belongs for naval emergency. let
1t be known 1 would not consider leas-
ing. My secretary gave persons who
came to see me that message and
generally succeeded in convincing
them we meant what we said.
So I do not know personally who
might have come representing one in
terest or another.
There is one instance l do recall
that links itself with names mentioned
in the present oil leasing scandals
and. in the light Of recent evidence, is
quite interesting.
1t was after the election, and the
Wilson Administration had but a few
months more in office.
CreeI Came in Office
George Creel. who ran the Bureau of
Public Information during the war.
came into the office one day.
He told me he had friends in Colo
r1dc who were interested in leasing
Teapot Dome and wanted to talk with
me about it.
1 told him there was not a chance
on earth.
George" I told him, whats the
Use Of having a naval reserve If YOU
exploit it? I have spent years trying
to preserve the naval oil reserve"
Creel then said: "Well, that's all
right, but I wish you'd see them any
how. They're good Democrats and
friends of mine
"All right. bring EN- in" I said.
And Creel left. He returned with
Leo Stack of Denver. who testified
recently in the investigation.
Put Cards on Table
Stack put his cards fatty on the
table. He explained he wanted to
lease the Teapot Dome reserve.
told him he was wasting time;
that I was for conservation of the
reserve.
do you think that oil is going to
stay in the ground?' Stack asked. as
nearly as 1 can recall his words.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08
EPLURIBUs BECOMING WEAK

n ABORING with child labor legislation the
u Congress- the Judiciary Committee agreed
best effort
Congress shall have power with that of the
States limit prohibit the labor of under the
age of eighteen
And for such legislation is becoming
the present Congress.
There is virtue undoubtedly the doctrine of States
rights but it have that nothing estab
national character and of benefit humanity generally
can accomplished with that the
States Sixty years ago. Threats settle
matter of establish human freedom
ional characteristic The thing appears propositions for
marriage divorce laws education transportation bank
ing incorporation Vostead enforcement wage child
labor in everything involving national morality and character
may for against national character and
morality what the people, whole may And,
over States municipalities of States defeat the payment
national debts by all through issue of worcestershire bonds
Some day. the folks will have to knock much of the ufng
that little provso, "concurrency of the Staes
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08
FIRST LIFE
WAS FOUND
IN OCEANS
Plants, Then Fish Leave
Water and Take Possess
sion of Land,
BY DAVID DIETZ
Science Editor of The Times
Cnla1rr.i c.Int h1r M Lid niatz


N1 ROBABLY the most Important
single step in the evolution of
- life from our viewpoint is that
life expanded from the ocean and took
possession of dry land.
All life is dependent upon water.
Man is just as much dependent upon
water as is the fish.
Without water, we could neither
digest our food nor breathe. We
think of breathing air. But the air
must be dissolved in the moisture in
our lungs before we can make use
of 1t.
Creatures which live in the water
absorb the air dissolved in the water
The fish does this by means Of it's
gills. The gills are thin membranes
through which the air dissolved in the
water Is absorbed and taken directly
into the blood.
There have been many different in
vasions of the land by life from the
water in the early history of the
earth.
First Is Plant Life
The first was probably that of plant
life. Certain sea plants which grew
near the shore were left without water
when the tides receded.
At first these died, but gradually
plants developed with tougher outer
skins, which enabled them to hold
more moisture within themselves and
thus to exist for periods away from
the ocean.
Animals followed plants in the exc.
dus of the sea.
Some Of the scorpions which crawled
about the ocean bottom made their
way onto the land. These developed
gills sunk far back into their bodies
where they were protected from the
rapid evaporation OF the moisture.
Crabs developed armored coverings
over the gills which served the same
purpose and enabled them to leave
the sea-
The invasion Of land by worms is
important for it Is the constant bur
rowing OF the worm which led even
tually to the making OF fertile soil
upon the land. Certain ones OF these
worms are also believed to have been
Jhe ancestor oL PRESENT ue1y llASeCtS.
Invasion by Fishes
But the most important invasion OF
the land was the invasion by the
fishes.
In the case of the fish. the gills
were gradually replaced by a bag
like growth from the throat. the prim-
itive lung swimming bladder.
Fortunately we have an example
still on earth today Of how this came
about
In Australia there are certain rivers
which dwindle TO shallow pools in the
dry season.
Here we find a fish known as the
lung fish which, when the water in
the pools become stagnant. and the
air dissolved in them becomes ex-
hausted, rises TO the surface and
gulps air.
Similar lung-hsh are found in parts
Of South America and Africa.
An ancient fish like the present
day lung fish is among the early an
cestors Of man.
Next article in series; Amphibians
and Reptiles.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08
'TNOM SIMS
= + = Says

The only really reliable sign Of
spring is when winter goes away and
falls to come back.
Enright orders that New York be
made dry within sixty days The
funny part is he said sixty days. not
years.
Every time it thunders we can't
help wondering If it is some presiden-
tlal candidate warming up.
There are about as many people who
would like to be you as there are peo-
pie you would like to be.
Fritz Kreisler says German must
clans are suffering the most. Ameri-
can saxophonists seem to be running
them a close second.
The best way to go through any
thing without a scratch is to stop and
scratch your head before starting.
The girl of today is more interested
in bonds than bon bons.
Prices can't come down because they
have no parachute.
What would happen If Coolidge slept
late one morning and failed to get to
the office In time to meet the daily
crisis?
Money may come and money may
go, but a tax reduction in hand is
worth two in Congress.
The Irish outlook is brighter. That's
because when things look dark the
Irish begin to shine.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08
Farmer Boy Convicted on
Court-MartiaI-Fired
BY GEORGE BRITT
NEA Earx-fcp Writer


r. EAVENWORTH, Kan. March
Ill S.-There's stin hope in Albert
LII Rappmund's heart.
Since he has been in prison. he
has seen war obstructionists come and
60 So he believes a brighter day is
dawning for him. too.
Rappmund. farmer boy before the
war was not an obstructionist. He
was one who sought to serve.
His name and parents were German
and he was watched closely when he
volunteered for the goth Division.
On the way over to France he was
standing guard when the siren blew
for fire drill In the rush and crowd
ing. his rifle discharged Two men
were shot.
Sp0tless Record
Rappmund declares It was purely
accidental. But court-martial convict
ed him on eircumstanHal evidence,
and sentenced him to prison.
His record here is spotless. So
there is ground for hope that his re
lease may come. following the final
report of Major James II. Sansfield
and Major Frank K. Ross. They have
been reviewing the cases of members
Of the Lost Legion" with a view
to clemency.
"The military prisoners as a whole
are good prisoners" says Warden w.
1. Biddle.
If the warden had his way, he
would release many of them. 1t Is
betraying no secret to say that. 9th
ers he would not release.
But most Of the military prisoners
were given such long terms they are
yet out Of reach of parole. Out Of
the 176 men here, "a have life sem
fences. two 40 years, one 35 years
six 80. years. four rs years and 80
20 years.
If the present reviewing board and
the War Department should merely
reduce some of these sentences to
fifteen years, they would make the
cases eligible for parole. Most of the
prisoners have now served five years.
/. w. w. Jibed Jimmy
One Of the life termers who might
be released-although not certainly,
Of course-.f the parole board got a
chance is Jimmy, the slender lad who
raises and lowers the prison dag.
Jimmy came back from a spell in
the trenches and got drunk 1t was
not unprecedented in the A. E. F..
And Jimmy had his gun in his hand
He was not threatening any one, but
was dangerous because of the wine.
His buddy and best friend tried to
lake the gun from him. The buddy
was shot
The T. w. w had a great laugh
over Jimmy and his flag while they
were here AS they left with their
pardons, they shouted to him:
"Goodby. kid; take good care Of
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1924-03-08
NO. "a
Third
Degree
Yourself!
Understanding

Do you understand what proverbs
mean, what lesson they are meant to
teach? Prove it by doing the follow
ing test:
First read the first proverb. Then
select the statement that best explains
this proverb and write It's letter after
the proverb. Then do the same with
the second and third proverbs.
You should be able to complete this
test correctly in two minutes.
Get out your watch. Ready? GO!
PROVERBS:
1. The burnt child breads fire.
2. Rome was not built in day.
8. There is no smoke without fire.
STATEMENTS:
a. Time is required to produce any.
thing of value.
b. Failure follows frequent change
of plan.
C. Unhappy experiences teach us to
be careful
d. Those in disgrace always want
to disgrace others.
9. There is no result without q
cause
ANSWERS; 1, o: 2, a: 8, O..
Copyright by Science SerSicel