davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-06-17

the national chamber. representing
the consensus of opinion of the bust
ness men of the country. believes
that II is necessary for the national
defense and the proper growth of
foreign and domestic commerce thai
the United States should have an
adequate merchant marine. ultimate
'ly to be owned and operated private
ly by citizens of the United States
The chamber is unalterably opposed
to the government engaging in com
mercial bus ness, for the reason that
such course is economically inetfi- =
cient, is against public interest and
Is in contraventiOn of the funda-
mental purposes of the government
The chamber therefore. is urging
upon the President of the United
States and the Shipping Board that.
before the board enters upon the
commercial venture of direct opera
tion of its governments ships
further efforts should be made by
counsel and collaboration with re-
sponsible shipping interests Of the
United States to evolve a plan by
which the ships necessary to mainte-
operated by private citizens of the
United States. with a view to their
acquisition and ownership by citi-
ZenS as soon as they can be made
self-sustaining.
To this end the national chamber
asks careful consideration of the
possibility of relief of private Amer
ican shipping interests from in
equality in world competition. be-
lieving that relief is obtaina Bile
through the relaxation or removal of
burdensome restrictions without de-
parture from proper requirements for
public safety.
Evening star., 1923-06-17

HE following IS a brief summary of
the most important news of the world
for the seven days ended June 16:
Bulsaria-Stamboulisky agrarian govern
ment was quickly and quietly overthrown on
the morning of June by a coup which had
the support of all the Bulgarian parties en-
cept the aerarians and communists, and was
effected by the organization of reserve officers
and the standing army All the cabinet mem
bers and agraran members of parliament
who could be found in Sofia were thrown into
jail King Boris signed decree placed be-
fore him dissolvinG the sobranje and appoint
ing cabinet.
Stamboulisky, the premier. was not cap
tured until the l4th The next day he was
shot dead in the course of an attempt by
peasants to rescue him. His death greatly in
creases the likelihood of violent counter
revolutionary effort in due course.
/ must postpone consideration of the causes
OF thiS revoiuton End OF the very lntereS,ns
been some counter movements, but petty and
The moment chosen for the coup was very
favorable to it as the peasants were en-
crossed with their crops.
The new government is at pains to
nounce that its foreign policy will not differ
that the coup was not military in aims.
The new government includes representatives
OF an the bourgeous parties and on one
is feared that the old pro-German, anti
do the Balkan fat Will be in the fire again
sure enough.
Russia.-The quarrel between Britain and
Russia is now part and parcel of the dreadful
past Lord Curzcn has won a famous victory.
In previous notes the Moscow government,
despite certain amount of face-saving cir
cumlocution, backed down completely
CARDS other heads of British protest; in it's
latest note it engages to instruct it's agents
in the east to refrain from antI-Brtish propa-
ganda, and to discipline them should they dis
obey those Instructions
Lord Curzon is well advised to let it go at
that
In the past Lord Curzons dignity has been
a bit overpowering, but he mellows and inn
proves with age. He has even acquired a kind
him that the only way to deal with those
louquacious and mendacious scoundrels at
tell them in simple language where to get off
They got off.
China-The recent developments in China
of such overwhelming Importance that l
feel justified in devoting to them the greater
part of my space this week To make my brief
recital more intellgible roughly sketched is
a part of the background.
On June II, the Shantung bandits released
their remaining eight prisoners, including four
Americans. The successful outcome of the ne
gotiations was largely due to Mr.. Roy Ander-
The reader will recall that on June at
Changsha in Human province. a treaty port on
there was rioting in connection with a Chinese
boycott of Japanese goods consigned to
others instigated by them tried to search
Japanese vessels for such goods.
sah propeny G OF Chinese MERCHANTS T handling ling
sui and his staff fed to Japanese gunboat
whether not their lives were in jeopardy
landed there We're clashes. and number of
Chinese killed and many more
Wounded The Chinese government thereupon
Evening star., 1923-06-17
Plan Is Sought to Insure
Unbroken Transportation

For the systematic developm en- I
/ and coordination of all forms of
transportation facilities, whether by
rail. water or highway, a forward
looking program is now being formu-
lated by special transportation con-
ference organized under the auspices
of the Chamber of Commerce of the
United States. which is expected to
be a guide for Congress in consider
ing new legislation. because it will
! represent the best agreement regard
ing transportation facilities by the
organized business men of the coun-
try. who are most interested in the
problem
In 1920 Congress, through the pas
sage of the transportation act, en-
tered upon a new national policy with
respect to transportation; policy
which is constructive and positive
rather than merely restrictive; pol
icy which frankly recognizes that the
public interest is paramount and
equally as frankly recognizes the
reciprocal duties and responsibilities
of the public toward transportation
agencies. To this policy the general
public are responding through the
manifestations of an increasing con-
fidence which makes available for
the betterment of railroad facilities
during the current year additional
credit to an aggregate amount of one
and a half billion dollars.
Railroads Are Aiding.
The railroads, now free to adjust
themselves to this new policy, are
likewise responding and it is believed
will soon be able to show increas,
insly satisfactory results which Will
still further justify investors in
placing credit at their disposal. and
also Justify the expectation OF in
creased efficiency in service, which
the public rfghtfullY demands
That a broad, constructive program
NAV be formulated looking to fur
ther progress. to insuring the con-
slant and uninterrupted now OF COM
merce in the public interest, to the
making of rate adjustments on sci
entific basis equally just to the ship
pers the carriers and the ultimate
consumers; to enabling the carriers to
nroyide necessary additional facilities
and earn a fair return on their in
yestments and at the same time rea-
sonably compensate all loyal and eff
ficient employees, the transportation
conference has been created and has
already made distinct progress Dis
cussions of the problems being con-
sidered by this conference have been
the outstanding feature of the ses-
sions of the chamber. The annual
meeting of the chamber expresses
qualification that this constructive
work. participated in by representa-
tiyes of every group directly or in
directly interested, has been under
taken under the auspices of the
chamber.
Fnyors Merchant Marine.
In regard to the merchant marine,
Evening star., 1923-06-17

Science has turned from infinite
space, millions of dead years and in
visible units of matter. for brief
interlude to anaIyze a humber thing
Mime. Housewives monthly gas bill.
study of this important item in
the home budget has just been COM
pleted by Samuel S. Wyer. associate
in mineral technology of the United
States National Museum here, which
reveals a number of interesting facts
for consideration of the mater fami-
las of Washington.
Mr.. Wyer, by the way, probably is
the greatest expert on the subject
now living in America. He is pri-
marily concerned that the gas in
dustry be able to meet the growing
demands of the American homeA-de-
mands for more bathing with hot
water and more home cooked food
both of which require more and more
gas as cities grow and as mains are
extended into the suburbs.
Takes Stable Price.
In analyzing the monthly state
ment he fixes an arbitrary price of
81 per thousand cubic feet for the
sake of easy figuring.
From this basis he derives the fol-
lowing statistics in kitchen econo-
mics. The cheapest breakfast for an
individual is cornmeal mush. Enough
for the ordinary meal can be bought
for = fifth of a cent and cooked with
one cents worth of gas. Next is roll
ed oats-one cents worth of grain
and one cents worth of gas. Then
comes boiled rice--three and three
tenths cents for rice and one cent for
gas.
Here is the average cost of the
various fuels used in cooking meal:
insulated gas oven. , cents: ordinary
Gas oven, 3.3 cents: gasoline stove,
with fuel. at 81 cents a gallon, 4.6
cents; coal. at $13 a ton. cents:
electricity at 5 cents per kilowat
hour. 81 cents: coal oil at Is cents
gallon, 5.4 cents.
Cost of Cooking Dinners.
And here are his statistics for
good dinner for six people: Cas- 3.3
cents; Swiss steak, so cents; escallop
edl potatoes, 10 cents; spinach. II
cents; bread and rolls. cents; butter,
Q cents; rice pudding. 90 cents: cof-
fee, 81 cents; cream. 10 cents: sugar,
IA cents; total, 1874 cents. The pur-
pose is to show how small a part in
the cost of meal is taken by gas.
Cooking by electricity. Mr.. Wyer
determines, always will be d luxury
Evening star., 1923-06-17
Struggled Aliens MANAGE to Nation;
US. Now Hindered i'm Checking Tides

the aliens.
For the most part the aliens snug
gled in are men, it is said. but there
are women also who gain entrance by
the underground route.
During the last two months, since
the immigration quotas OF nearly all
of the countries have been exhausted.
the smuggling of immigrants has
aliens apprehended by the agents of
the bureau has been increasing by
leaps and bounds. and scores are be-
ing deported almost daily.
Under the provisions of the La Fol-
lette seamen's act. seamen of any
nation are permitted to remain in the
United States for a period of sixty
days. The idea Of this provision is
to give the men a chance to get a job
on some other outgoing vessel. if they
are displeased with the vessel which
brought them to port, or if they ar"
discharged. But this provision of the
law has been used to bring in aliens
beyond the quotas of the various ma
tions Many vessels have come into
American ports with vastly augment
ed crews, and the surplus have slipped
away into the country.
Ship Owners Furnish Bond.
The government has made it a prac
tice to compel ship owners to furnish
bond in the sum of $500 for each man
allowed to go ashore, if the man be a
Chinaman or from one of the other
barred nations. But in San Fran
cisco. 1t is reported. last year 100000
was forfeited. giving an idea of the
great demand for admission to this
country on the part of orientals.
Estimates have been made that to-
day there are as high as 10000 Chinese
in Cuba waiting to be smuggled into
this country when the immigrant rum
ners can get around TO them, and as
many as 5000 Chinese in Canada for
the same purpose.
While the country is centering its
attention very largely, today on the
question Of rum running. the lmml-
grafton officials believe it would be
well for it to consider the EVIL OF
immigrant running.
Evening star., 1923-06-17

competition with American labor en-
terS this way
Another suggestion which has been
put forward by the Secretary of La
bor is the registration of all aliens
in the United States. The registra-
tion Of aliens is primarily intended as
an Americanization plan. But If put
into effect and every alien were forced
to have his or her registration cards,
il would be easier to pick up the i'm
migrants who had been smuggled into
the country, ii is said. But a tre-
mendous amount of labor, with a
great number of federal agents
probably would be needed to make
this registration system really effect
i've in locating smuggled immigrants.
The business of immigrant running
is tremendously profitable to the i'm
migrant runners, ii is said These
people get every cent they can out of
the aliens who wish to be smuggIed
into the United States. Sometimes
their fees run as high as $1,000 q
as low a $50 or 500 per alien. But
even at those figures there is big
money in the business for the i'm
migrant runners.
Desperate Chances Taken.
Desperate chances are taken some
times to get the smuggled aliens into
the country. There have been in
stances when the immigrant runners,
crossing the Rio Grande in boats
with their Illicit cargoes. have feared
they would he discovered by the au-
thorities and have deliberately upset
the boats and allowed the would-b be
immigrants to drown. The immigrant
runners themselves. knowing the river
and the adjacent country. have been
able 10 make good their escape. They
have already pocketed the money of
Evening star., 1923-06-17
Postal Thrift Campaign
Like Tower of Babel

The Tower of Babel had nothing on
the tower of savings that the people
of the United States are piling up
as a result of a thrift campaign by
the Post Office Department Uncle
Sam is appealing in twenty four diff
ferrnt languages to the foreign born
in this country to intrust their sur
plus earnings in the postal savings
system rather than send them back
to their native lands.
The polyglot gatherings about the
money order windows in the post
offices everywhere throughout the
United States are receiving leaflets
printed in the language of each of
the twenty-four nationalities repre-
sented in the money order traffic. in
cluding Italian, Greek, Spanish,
French German, Polish, Hungarian
Magyar, Swedish, Danish Norwegian,
Chinese, Japanese, Yiddish, Russian,
Bohemian, Lithuanian, Croatian, Slo-
wax, Bulgarian. Finnish. Slovenian.
Ruthenian. Serbian, Portuguese and
Rumanian.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
The Story the Week Has Told

stitution. sun Vat Sun came back and in
Recently, however. Chen kwang Ming Ga
moderate republican like Wu Pei Fu) has
is that Wu Pei Fu, believing the thing of first
and immediate importance toward unifcation
and sterilization of China is TO "liquidate'
Sun Vat Sen. has detached considerable part
Of his army to the support of Chen kwang
Nothing has BEEN done by the Peking gov
eminent toward abolition or reform of the
army or toward remittance of taxes to the
tional treasury tthe three propositions
tuchuns are acting more selfshly. predace-
ously and outrageously than ever. and the
government is bankrupt and helpless
Lii Yuan Hung declares himself the victim
of militarist plot, without naming the chief
suspicion that that ineffabie trimmer super
IuGhun Tsao kun, is the prime william: has
Yu Hsiang be doing in that galley? Why
should be allow himself to be used as the
he may be ir ability. appears be an honest
the program which we supposed Feng HUI
Hsang also to champion?
carried ON by last FsPGfs pro2sions MsT
cabinet consisting of vice ministers and sec
June 9. ! am permitting myself to hope that
Wu Pei Flu is all We thought him to be. and
IN the south he will gather to himself the
pest elements of changing China and save
some modification of the details above, but
think they are substantially correctly
Miscelaneous-Mauric Hewlett, the Eng
lish novelist and essayist, died on June Is
at the age of sixty-two. The world is in
debted to him for many fine things but chief
ly, think. for The Forest Lovers a book
of unique charm
The Belgium cabinet headed by NJ Theunis
has resigned because of failure to reach
agreement on a purely domestic issue. namely
that OF the use of the Flemish language in
table chiefly because of Theunis's familiarity
with the reparations problem.
Louis Marie Julievaud (Pierre LottD. gal
lant naval officer, academician, one of the
most charming and original writers of his
tlme, ana at his best one of the greatest mas
ters OF description of any age language,
died the other day at the age of seventy
three.
The German situation may be allowed to
pass without special comment this week,
respondence and c conversations taking
place between the French and British govern
ments looking to formula which shall
permit joint action with reference to Ger
whilom vigor and beauty. Stanley Baldwin
has promised declaration of reparations
policy in the near future The rate of ac-
celeration of German mark output increases
morally. Marks We're last quoted $4,000
to the dollar. Sabotage is seriously increas-
still at Ioggerheads on the questions of con-
cessions and the interest of the Ottoman debt.
sentatives of foreign concessonaires and of
the Turkish government are going badly.
Capt. Roald Amundsen and his pilot, Lieut..
Omdal1, will start from Wainwright, Alaska,
their flight for Spitzbergen over the north
pole on about June 90 The fight is ex
pected to take about twenty-five hours. The
Norwegian government will send two naval
hydro -airplanes and fishing patrol vessel
if needed and practicable (the edge of the
polar ice pack. is considerable distance north
Of Spitzbecgen i'll summer).
Evening star., 1923-06-17

Florida. on both the Atlantic and the
gulf sides, approXimateS another 1000
miles Some 1000 miles altogether to
be guarde And the immigration
bureau has in the field a total of
about 1,S00 agents. including clerks.
The agents of the bureau labor day
and night. They check many and
bring about the deportation of others.
Approximately 5000 aliens who enter
the United States illegally are de-
ported through the efforts of the bu-
reau'S agents. This figure does not
include those who are held up Ellis
Island and sent home for one reason
or another
What's to be done to remedy the
situation? Various suggestions have
been made. But the most practical
seems to be the increase of the i'm
migration bureaus forces. so that
there may be agents at every bridge
and ferry on the Rio Grande, at every
road leading from Canada across the
border and at many places along the
Florida coast The appropriation for
the immigration bureau now is about
S3.300000. This. say immigration Of
fiCials. should be increased to at least
$4,000 00U.
LAW F'IagrantIy Violated.
In the first place the federal law
relating to Immigration is being fla
grantly violated. In the second
place. many of the immigrants who
gain admission to the country in this
way are undesirablcs under any cir
cumstances. aliens who would not be
permitted to enter the United States
if the per cent law were repealed
Some of them are diseased. Others
are incapable Of caring for them
selves and become public charges
after they have been in the United
states for time. Cheap labor in
Evening star., 1923-06-17
U. S. Ships Fare Badly.
Show Gain in Exports Carrying
But Are Worsted.

The American farmer produced 32
per cent of all the exports from this
country in 1921 and AZ per cent in
1922. OF this total of 15,57S,0O0 tons
in 1921 and 1S,034,O00 in 1922, little
more than one-third was carried in
American ships. Returns made to
the Shipping Board show that while
American vessels carried 1000, 900
tons more last year than in 1921. for
eign ships increased their total by
100000 tons. OF the 1000 900 tons
gain by United States ships, 500. 900
of these went to Shipping Board YES
sells.
The National Merchant Marine AS
sociation argues that private Ameri-
can ships are faring the worst in
competition for, American trade.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
by G. GOULD LINCOLN.

= MUGGLING aliens into the United
States is reaching such proper
tions as to constitute a distinct
menace, in the opinion of immi-
grafton officials.
Under the present restrictive immi-
grafton law, the so-called 3 per cent
law, limiting the number of aliens
, who may come in one year into the
United States to 3 per cent of the
number of Italians, Germans. Greeks,
etc, who are already in the country,
the number of aliens who are enter
ing illegally has grown enormously.
1t is estimated. roughly, at 100000
annually, about the same number
as come into the United States law
fully, under the quota law.
The story of the schooner Mary
Beatrice of Nassau. which last week
anchored off New York flying signals
of distress. with fifteen Cinnamon
aboard who had paid some $500 each
to be Smuggled into the country, was
sent broadcast over the country and
served to attract public attention TO
this evil. But officials of the bureau
of the hundreds of immigrant run
nings that really take place.
Demand Is Emphasized.
The clamor of big business for let
ting down the bars to immigrants, so
as to provide a greater supply OF Ia
Dor. has served also to emphasize the
demand for immigration. both on the
,,,tA In tI,n TTrnIf "a ~
and on the part of the aliens who de-
sire to come to the United States.
While no direct charges have been
made so far by the public officials
seeking to connect up these business
interests with the smuggling of aliens
into the country, they have pointed
out that big labor agencies, supplying
labor to the steel mills, and other big
concerns have located near the Mex
lean border.
There is no limitation on Mexicans
and Canadians who may desire to
come into this country. though the
contract labor laws apply to them
as well as to other aliens. But the
Dor agencies near the borders. 1t
is suggested, know as well as the
government that aliens are being
smuggled into this country across the
lines. The implication is that these
glers and that they are interested
naturally in the supply Of immi-
grants.
Funds Are Reduced.
Congress has left the Department
of Labor and the immigration bureau
inadequately supplied with the money
needed to check the smuggling of
aliens into this country. When Con-
gress put through the restrictive i'm
migration law, cutting down, for eX-
ample. the number of immigrants
coming into New York from a million
annually. under normal conditions. to
about one-third that number it's in
clination was to reduce the appropri-
Apparently il did not stop to con-
slider that immigrant running would
greatly increase. and for that rea-
son the agents of the bureau should
j be largely increased
The principal points where the i'm
migrant running takes place are the
! Mexican and Canadian borders and along
the coast of Florida. Aliens by the
thousand go to Cuba for shipment
into the United States. Some of them
are landed in Florida. others are
shipped to Vera Cruz and then SNUG
sled across the Rio Grande.
1000 Miles to Be- Guarded.
There are approximately 1000 miles
of the Mexican border and 5000 miles
of the Canadian border. The coast of
Evening star., 1923-06-17
BY HENRY W. BUM.

4 HE following IS a brief summary of
i the most important news of the world
for the seven days ended June 10:
Evening star., 1923-06-17
1000 Miles to h. Guarded.

There are approximately 2,00o miles
of the Mexican border and 5000 miles
of the Canadian border. The coast of
The Delta independent., 1923-11-23
Whitner-Ereeland-

very pretty and quiet wedding
took place Sunday, November 18th, at
the Methodist parsonage in Olathe.
when Rev. Wilhelm united the lives of
Miss Blanche Whitner of California
Mesa and Mr.. Alvin Freeland of Ola
the. The couple were attended by Mr..
and Mrs. Guy Ramage, sister and bro
ther-in-law of the bride.
The bride has lived on Ash and
California Mesa for about seven years
and has lovely personality that has
won for her many friends.
The groom also is widely known.
having grown to manhood on Ash
Mesa, and is a young man of sterling
character. He is the son OF Mr.. and
Mrs. Freeland.
Mr.. and Mrs. Freeland will reside
in Telluride, where Mr.. Freeland has
a position at the Smuggler mill.
Sunday was the 35th wedding ami.
versary of the brides arents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Henry Whitner. Their children
surprised them by having a large vel.
low cake with two kewpies dressed in
yellow, and after the supper Mr.. and
Mrs. Henry Whitener were presented
with lovely hand painted dish from
the children.