davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
heater Is Attached to the Exhaust and
Connected With the Carburetor.

on comfortably. for then the gasoline
and gasoline vapor in contact with the
surfaces separate into the vapor most
readily burned when 1t reaches the
cylinders. Any owner of car can
add to the carbnretor a heater that
win supply an abundance of warmth
and result In economical operation,
with added advantage that the car
ran be throttled down to a lower speed.
The body of the heater is sheet iron
formed TO pattern as Indicated. and
secured with clamps to the exhaust
pipe. The connection with carbure-
tor Is by means of pipe rounded to
shape over the mandrel, and bent
wherever necessary to bring 1t in line
with the carburetor. This connecting
pipe is fitted with an adjustable open
ing that can he arranged in any con.
venient way for use
AS preliminary TO forming these
heaters, pattern should be made of
henyy paper and fitted In place. When
the pattern Is correctly fitted. the
metal is then cut from the paper pat
tern. The Immediate effect of the
added heat vii, be noted in the car.
buretor adjustment. AS much re-
duction as half turn of the needle
valve Is obtainable nfter operating the
motor several minutes.-By G. j..
Leurs In Popular Science Monthly.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
GIVE CALF SEPARATE STALL
Of Various Diseases Among
Young Animals.

The best breeders have come to the
conclusion that 1t Is highly desirable
to provide every newborn calf with
separate stall for at least period
of four or five weeks Men who have
been studying the young calf declare
that at the time of its birth II Is likely
to be infected with variety NJ germs
which are apt to cause trouble.
BY investigating the contents Gf the
calfs stomach, in order to deh'rnlne
the kinds of bacteria 1t contains.
number of dsease-producing bacteTIa
have been found. If several Young
sters are kept in stall together a,
this early period. the chances are. II
one Is infected with certain disease
that all Will have the same trouble
The separate calf stall makes 1t cas-,
to prevent the spread of these various
calf diseases and by keeping calves In
separate stalls for four or five weeks
The usual time of infection, many of
the common Ills will be eliminated.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
Horticultur al
Hints
CULTIVATION is IMPORTANT
Fruit Trees Need Attention Same az
Any Other Growing Grip to
Save Moisture.

Il Is Just az essential to cultivate
fruit trees as any other growing crop.
Sometimes the trees are plowed In the
spring and left the rest of the year
without any further care. so far as
cultivation is concerned. An exception
Is where a cultivated crop Is growing
between the trees. While trees are
young, a cultivated row crop may be
grown between the trees as long as It
does not compete with the trees for
the same moisture and plant food
Therefore, each year as the trees grow,
move the crop further away from the
trees and when the trees are well Into
bearing cease growing spring crop
among the trees at all, writes ID. Z.
Mooring In the Kansas Farmer, Mall
and Breeze.
A soil that Is well cultivated viii
accomplish the following things l.
Catch much more moisture, including
rains and SHOWS; 2-Conserve the
moisture; keep down grass and
weeds; 4-Aerate the soil, that Is, per-
lTtc nit 80
necessary to the life and development
Of the roots.
The first cultivation In the spring
should be four or five inches deep with
whatever available tool is at hand. BE
careful not to skin the trees.
In case your trees are growing In
the yard, where II Is not practicable
to use horse power in cultivation, a
spade, shovel. or hoe may be used.
Where hand tool Is used loosen the
soil under the tree and at lenst a foot
or more beyond the extent Of the
limbs.
The cultivation should begin In early
spring and continue until midsummer
under normal conditions and during
the dry season the cultivation should
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01

ing reed for beef cattle was also proven
IN the feeding trials.
Calves getting silage. plus full
feed of grain, feed more regular and
required less careful and skillful feed
Ing than the calves getting a heavy
feed of grain and no silage. The silage-
led calves made a gain Of 2.38 pounds
per head per day for a period OF 1915
days, while the calves fed without
sllage were valued at 10 cents per 100
pounds above the calves fed sllage, yet
the sllage-fed calves showed a net
Sroft of $3.50 head, while those
without sIlage showed profit Of $16.15
a head.
Barley proved practically equal Ia
corn, pound for pound, in making
gains on fattenlng calves. but because
NJ its greater cost and the lower saw
Ing Of feed made by hogs following.
the corn-fed calves showed a profit Of
kl615 a head, while the barley-fed
calves showed n profit of only 1901 q
head.
Purebred beef calves, hlgh-grade
beef calves and common calves show
ing same traces Of beef breeding when
compared, made similar gains on SINH
lar amounts of feed, though the differ
ence In selling price was marked. the
purebred calves bringing $S6.7S per
head the highgrades $s3.45 and the
common calves only $56.1S.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
HEAD LETTUCE
IS PROFITABLE
oy T. n. Abel, Assistant Hortieul.
turlst. y. A. c. Experiment Station

Head lettuce IL q good crop for
Utah. Recent experience of Utah
growers demonstrates that a product
Of very high quality can be grown in
the great Salt Lake Valley and sur.
rounding valleys. Furthermore we
find It being produced In large guam.
titles under similar conditions in Ida
no and Colorado. being grown sue
cessfuily In the latter state at alti-
tudes as high as 5000 feet.
There are several advantages which
the state should gain from the produo
tion of this CROP. In the first place
the heavy shipments from California
and Florida come from January to
March. Utah lettuce could be cleaned
up by this time and so reap the bene-
1T Of the early market
Another point In favor Of lettuce Is
that It Is d fall grown crop. making
It possible to be preceded by a
spring crop. There have been recent
accounts OF farmers successfully pre-
ceeding this crop by peas. The de-
tails OF double cropping will need to
be worked out for each farm since It
Ii probable that not all soils will per-
NIT OF such treatment.
The third point In its favor is that
when correctly grown. lettuce is a
highly profitable crop. 1t Is not safe
to give figures but II Is probably safe
to say that head lettuce can be made
to head the list as profitable crop.
Head lettucc IL a cool season crop
and for the reason is grown SO that
It forms bead during cool fall wenth-
or. Sowing time Is usually July 20
to Angus. /. This Is done on rich.
heavy soil which has been prepared
to a perfect seed bed.
The seed IL planted as shallow AZ
possible with a HAND seeder and Is
covered very lightfully with a double
loop Of chain.
The best seed IL New York or Los
Angeles Wonder, which costs about
$3.50 to $500 per pound. 1t is sown
at the rate of IN pounds per acre.
An experienced grower says that
II one gets a good grade of seed.
plants It properly and gets 1t to
come up, he can be a successful let
tuce grower. In other words the
critical thing Is to procure the best
seed and then get II to terminate.
After the plants have started. the
requirements for success are thinning
TO prevent crowding, continual sup
ply of moisture and abundant culeiva
tion.
When practice has made perfect. q
grower may well plant several acres
but for q beginner with this crop
one.fourth to one-half acre is suffi
cient for the first attempt. There
were several OF these small plot
growers last year who will probably
produce several acres apiece this
coming season.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
SAFE STOP DEPENDS
ON DRIVER OF AUTO
In Tests sc Feet Has Been
Fixed as Minimum Distance.
Takes One-Half of Second for Ex.
perienced Man to Sense an
Emergency Before He Begins
to Apply His Brakes.

What Is the shortest distance re-
Quired to stop your car going at a
certain speed in an emergency
The answer to this, in the opinion
of +. w. Weaver, Cleveland engineer.
depends on two things:
Transformation Of brakes and the
road surface
Second-Tlme required for the
driver to sense nm emergency before
applying the brakes.
OF these conditions the second Is
most important, says Weaver. Tests
have set certain minimum distances
for stopping. based on knowledge of
brakes and road surfaces, in relation
TO the various speeds Of the motor
cur.
For instance, SO feet has been fixed
as the minimum distance required to
stop car with good brakes, going 30
miles an hour on dry level road.
With poor brakes on slippery road,
the distance Is 25S feet.
But the human element must also
be considered, says Weaver. He fig
ures 1t takes one-half second for an
experienced driver to sense an emer-
gency before he begins to apply the
brakes. In this one-half second OF
time, at speed of 80 miles an hour.
the car will have gone % feet.
Therefore, in stopping an automO-
bile from speed Of 80 miles an
hour, for example. the total distance
required would be 1903 feet. with good
brakes and dry. level road: $50
feet. with poor brakes and slippery
road.
Other distances can he judged with
the aid of the chart Weaver has pre-
pared. dependent on the cars speed
and the drivers own alertness In
sensing the emergency.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
POULTRY
|WVV<|
POINTERS ON EGG HANDLING
Bulletins Issued BY Department Of A.
ricuiture Give Best Methods
and Practices.

prepared by the United States Department
Of Agriculture.)
Breaking eggs and preventing break
age of eggs are both at times the con-
Germ of persons engaged In the egg
business. The United States Depart
ment of Agriculture also has taken an
interest In these problems and has pub
lished information on methods and
practices. Although the bulletins were
first issued a few years ago, the de-
partment's recommendations to ship
pers and to persons planning the in
stallation OF breaking plants are good
today. Several thousand copies are
now available for distribution. Per
sons writing for copies should ask for
Department Bulletin ga, The Proven
ton of Breakage of Eggs In Transit
When Shipped in CARROTS. and Depart
ment Bulletin 663. The Installation and
Equipment of an Egg-Breaking Plant.
Other bulletins of similar nature
all prepared by the bureau of chemis-
try. are available for distribution. The
following is complete list, with the
exception of those mentioned above:
Department Bulletin 224. A Study ct
the Preparation of Frozen and Dried
Eggs In the Producing Section; De-
partment Bulletin 301, Accuracy IN
Commercial Grading of Opened Eggs;
Department Bulletin $50, How TO Cam
die Eggs: Department Bulletin IT,
The Comparative Rate of Decompo
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
MINERAL MIXTURE FOR HOGS
Wisconsin Specialist Recommends
Combination Of Which Charcoal
10 Chief Ingredient.

Experience has taught the stockmnn
Nat a mineral mixture Is q good thing
to keep before the hogs In the winter
time.
@. Bohstedt OF the animal husbandry
department has just made mixture tn
feed to the hogs In the Wisconsin Agri-
cultural college herd. II consists of:
Two hundred pounds of powdered
charcoal: 100 pounds of wood ashes
100 pounds of nlr-slaked lime; 100
pounds of ground rock phosphate; so
pounds Of salt; 10 pounds Of sulphur
and pounds Of copperas.
A mineral mixture such rs this Is
1ot considered necessary In the sum-
her time.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
AVOID EXCITEMENT IN PENS
Poultrymen Will Save Several Eggs
Every Day by Observing Rules
of Silence.

Whistling, or speaking gently, or
knocking on the door to let the hens
know when he Is coming will save The
pollltryman several eggs in the days
gathering says Prof Willard C..
Thompson, poultry husbandman OF the
New Jersey experiment station. IN a
circular issued on THE Winter Tine
Management of the Laying Flock"
Fright, he continues, is often fatal to
and always interferes with normal egg
production. Hence TIE necessity OF
having the poultryman move slowly so
rs not to cause excitement In the pens.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
Significant Statements From
Pres. Peterson's Report


Tho following are significant state
ments from a report on the general
agricultural situation by resident FL
mer G. Petersen, Of the Utah Agri-
cultural College, recently prepared
and submitted to the Board of Trus-
tees Of that institution.
The Industrial crisis, precipitated
BY the sensational drop In practical
~ all prices, and especially In tho
price of crops and livestock. Is still
the most Important problem con-
frontihg agriculture.
The farmer must now make his
earning from the producing power OF
his land rather than in the Increase
In land values.
The principles of business mana
cement must be applied to agricul-
ture to a much more general degree
than at present. Yet we must remem-
Der that the farm Is both home and
business.
The necessity Of cooperation is
now SO apparent that little need he
said of 1t except that Its absence is
q lan.sntable weakness N our pres
ent methods. While cooperation is
the most needed improvement. 1t is
at the same time the most difficult
of attainment
There Is no reason why we cannot,
through our Farm Bureau organiza-
ton. regulate the nature of our pro-
duction to suit the needs OF the many
millions about us who desire to buy.
Prerequisite. b, the successful con-
Summation OF great agricultural pro
gram must be n state%xfiie campaign
Of education in regard to the facts
OF orr agricultural situation.
Tho County Agents will become
the most potential single factor in
the important problems pf agricul-
tural production.
OF utmost present Importance is
the reed OF lower freight rates for
farm products.
Farming Is business for our hest
ton. the caiise of social decay has
been accompanied, II not caused, by
the building of great cities and the
drawing to these cities Of the better
citizens leaving only the INDECENT and
inferior behind. The business of
farming must he established MS econ
omically sound, a paying thing. or
people will desert II.
Tho Utah Agricultural C,llege
has assumed place In scholarship
with the bettsr institutions Of Amer
yn-
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
RAT CLEANUP is EFFECTIVE
Biological Survey Shows Costly Re
suits In Leaving Breaks In
Basement Walls.

The bad results OF careiessness In
leaving breaks In the basement walls
Of a building originally intended to he
rat-proof are shown In a case recently
reported to the biological survey Of the
United States Department of AgrIcul-
ture. In the course Of a rat campaign
In Portland. Ore. In which the rodent
control men from the department were
backed by the city bureau of health
and the chamber Of commerce, build.
ing with unrepaired breaks Of this sort
was visited The owner was advised
to clean up all the rubbish In his base
ment. repair the breaks In the cement
Wall. use barium carbonate on Ham.
burg steak to poison the rats, and also
to set more traps. A few days later II
was learned that In removing the trash
three rat nests were uncovered. one
OF which contained Is young. Twenty
six adult rats were found dead the
morning after the poison was spread.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
CHURNING TROUBLE CAUSES
Ordinarily Weather Is Determining
Factor, Being Either Too Cold or
Else Too Warm.

Churring troubles are due occasion.
ally to the feed or TO the fact that n
VAS been some months since the cows
sere fresh. Ordinarily the trouble IL
caused by the weather; the cream IL
either too cold or 1t has been made
TOO warm. Cold weather holds back
the ripenng of the cream, also, and I'm.
tpe cream makes trouble in the churn
The best plan Is to keep the cream IN
a warm enough place so 1t will ripen.
as 1t does in summer. and then ia
churn with the cream at a tempera.
tnre OF GO to 60 degrees. Cream some
Vines makes trouble IL the cows dc
not have plenty Of salt.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
PROMOTE HEALTH OF FlOCKS
Much Good Can Be Accomplished by
Spraying Runways and Houses
With lye Solution.

Every poultry raiser knows that
fowls thrive best in clean, well VENT
lated places. BY keeping the houses,
roosts, nests and runways sprayed
with concentrated lye solution you
WIFI do a great deal toward pro,noi-
Ing good health and productiveness
among your poultry.
Many of the most successful poultry
raisers use this I've solution around
their poultry houses at least every
other week. The solution is made
by dissolving small can of I've in
five gallons of water. A sprinkling
can, hand spray, or an old whisk broom
uay be used to apply the solution.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
MOBILE
80 els SIH %

A self-starter makes less noise When
the car Is in gear and II Is propeliina
the entire machine.
In England, stainless iron and steel
are now manufactured into fittings for
automobiles.
Corroded terminals should be first
scraped and then cleaned with u
strong solution Of washing soda.
A comlon fault which cuts down
the gasoline mileage is the excessive
use of brakes.
Seventy-flve per cent OF your motor
troubles Will be traceable to the ignI.
ton system. And 80 per cent of those
will be due to your own neglect.
When following another car close
on crowded roads be ready to turn on
to one side or the other when usin.,
the brakes.
Obey the manufacturers rules re.
garding fabrication. Don't figure you
know rs much about the car as they
do.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
GOOD REASONS FOR PRUNING
First Object Should Be to Remove
Dead, Broken or Decayed Branches
Cut Out Spurs.

There nre five reasons for pruning
fruit trees. The first object Is to re-
move the dead, broken or decayed
branches. The operation may be done
10 remove the annual growth so that
the habit Of growth may be altered.
Branches may be removed to proven,
the breaking of limbs or the dlsfgure-
ment of the tree In future years. Fruit
spurs and branches may be removed
to prevent the spread of infectious
diseases. One of the foremost pur-
poses is to cut down the annual
growth to reduce the crop In proper.
, ton to the capacity of the tree.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
FUzZLlNG TIRE BLOH-OUTS
Difficult Matter to Trace Cause OF
This Annoyance to Autoists
When Casing Bursts.

It Ia not always easy to trace the
cause of a blowout. The tire may
have been kept carefully inflated ut
the proper figure, tread cuts filed and
beads watched, yet the casing gives
out.
More often than not, difficulty of
this kind must be traced back for
months when the casing received u
severe blow, weakening the fabric
structure and then, as time wears on,
the entire casing becomes affected and
blows out when least expected.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
DEFECTIVE TUBE RUINS TIRE
and Satisfactory Service From
Good Casing.

A defective tube will ruin the best
tire. Just as It's the heart that keeps
the body going. so it's the tube that
keeps the casing up. A man would
certainly not select weak heart be-
cause 1t was cheap. but would want
the best. So the motorist should pur-
chase the tube that win hest prolong
the life of the casing. The better the
tube one buys. the greater assurance
he has Of fun and satisfactory service
from his casing. A good casing is ter
ribly handicapped with defective or
WORKOUT tube.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
HEALTHY PIG FORCED ALONG
as Possible-Give Access To
Self-Feeder

As long as the pig Is healthy he
should be forced along at rapid
rate and placed on the market as
Boon as possible. Just as soon ms
practicable he should have access TO
a self-feeder and should be consum-
Ing reasonable quantity Of iced be-
fore weaving.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
S0WS NEED SOME ATTENTION
gifts About to Farrow Should Be
Watched Closely and Kept In
Good Condition.

Sows expected to farrow will need
some attention. Especially should
farmers with gifts to farrow watch the
animals and keep them In fine condl-
tion; not fat. but In good living and
growing flesh. The feed should be
such as will develop the animals but
not let them put on too much fat.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
CHANGE NEST LITTER OFTEN
comes Broken and Packed.
Danger of Broken Egg.

Every few weeks the best of nests
will need more litter. The hens pull
II out and 1t becomes broken and
packed down until a bare SPOT OF
boards may appear in the middle.
This increases the danger Of broken
egg. which may in turn smear half u
iyxan good ones.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
SECURE BIG SWINE RETURNS
Constant Care and Attention 10 Re-
qu'red From Very First-cars
OF Sow 10 important.

In order to secure the greatest re-
turns and To have minimum Of
losses, constant care and attention In
required from the time the pig Is
born until 1t Is marketed. In fact at
tention to the pig should begin be-
fore birth and much can be accom-.
plished through the feed and care of
me pregnant sow.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01

but she makes ten times as great q
return over feed cost, and what Il
laft after the bills are paid" Is what
Interests all of us.
A good purebred bull, plus good
feed and care will help you to produce
the above results.-F. +. Ball, Deputy
Colorado State Dairy Commissioner.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
CARBURETOR AID
IN SAVING FUEL
Heater Not Large Enough on Old
Machines to Obtain Economy
With Gas.
OWNER Can SUPPLY WARMTH
Connecting Pipe is Fitted With Ad.
Unstable Opening That Can Be
Arranged In Convenient Way
Pattern Should Be Made..

The average carburetor heater Is
not sufficiently large to obtain maxi
mum economy in the use of gasoline.
especially on cars several years old.
The carburetor and intake manifold
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
Blow Your Horn.
When backing your car.

When backing your car.
Just before reaching the top
of q hill.
Before taking dangerous
curves in the road.
Before crossing q road and
before coming to n cross road.
When desiring to pass another
car going in the same direction.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
MANAGEMENT 10 Economy,

Where the hen is the machine. the
egg the product. feed and labor the
costs. 1t remains for management to,
be the economy.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
! I'VE
STOCK
CALVES FArTENED ON sILAGE
Baby Beeves Required Less Careful
Feeding Than Those Getting
Heavy Grain Feed

Silage-fed baby beeves are profit
makers, according to the results Of
feeding experiment with 60 beef calves
conducted at University farm under
direction of w. H. Peters, chief, and
N. X. Carnes, both Of the division OF
4 lmal husbandry. That barley, which
can be profitably grown In many
Northern climates where corn Will not
mature, is a highly satisfactory fatten-
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
Put Cows on Record.

Get acquainted with your cows;
they might be cheating you. The way
u do II Is to enroll In the Cow Test.
ing association and put them on
record
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
Cow Requires Rouonaoe.

In feeding COW, remember that
she requires large amount of rough
age to provide bulk, but concentrates
must be provided to keep up the milk
Low.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
Benefits of Spray Outfit.

A good spray outfit not only saves
time and bother in operation but gives
better pest control than q poor one.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-02-01
AIiunIno Trees in Orchard.

Too much care can't be taken in
aligning trees in setting out an or.
chard. Time spent on this will save
lot more time later on.