Evening star., 1923-07-24
lSmet Pasha Worsts States
men of Other Nations, Gain
ing Most Vital Points.
IL YEARS OF WARFARE
FOR MOSLEMS ENDED
Deliberations at Lausanne Close
With Americans Having Played
a Dominating Role.
~ the Assocl1ted Press.

~ the Assocllted Press
LAUSANNE, July 24-The Lausanne
peace treaty formally establishing
peace between the European powers
und Turkey was signed today. The
treaty was signed at BIS o'clock in
the afternoon.
BY the treaty of Lausanne Turkey
regains Eastern Thrace and becomes
the bridge between the east and the
west
She joins the league Of nations on
4he footing of equality.
Constantinople goes definitely to
Tskey.
All foreign troops will be with
drawn.
The treaty makes peace between
Greece and Turkey.
1t permits the patriarch of the
Greek Orthodox Church to remain in
Constantinople.
Transfer of Nationals.
1t launches one of the most stu
pendous and in some ways the most
cruel movements In history by its
compulsory exchange of population,
the Greeks in Turkey returning to
Greece and the Turks in Greece re-
turning to Turkey.
1t fails to solve the Armenian prob
lam, Armenians being obliged to find
new havens.
1t reduces Turkeys size by its rec
ognition of detached inundated states
like Syria, Mesopotamia and Pales-
tine.
With one stroke of the pen it rids
Turkey NJ iIIdiSial combinations, SiCn
as China vainly sought to accomplish
!or itself at Washington, and which
Japan achieved only after two decades
of struggle.
In only one way is Turkey treated
differently from other countries: For
eign legal advisers will be empowered
to receive complaints relating 10 arrests
and imprisonment of foreigners.
Attempts TO gain preferential treat
rlent in the future of economic con-
tracts for foreign companies were de-
fcated. as was also the effort to vail
date disputed British concessions in the
petroleum fields Of Mesopotamia. Tur-
key has been at war for twelve con-
secutive years, and conclusion of the
Lausanne negotiations gives her sorely
needed opportunity for a period OF ma
tiOn4l reconstruction and development.
Turkey as Victorious Nation.
Turkey, although vanquished in the
world war as an ally of Germany, came
10 the council table at Lausanne as
victorious nation. Turkeys recon
structed armies had completely routed
the Greek forces.
The Turko-Greek war produced a
great soldier--Ismet Pasha, who, in
the negotiations here, has shown him
self TO be one of the great states
men of Europe. ISmet worSted the
celebrated Lord CurZon, British Sec
retary of state for foreign affairs, at
the first stage of the Lausanne con-
ference.
1smet constantly played two cards:
Europe'S ambition to restore peace
in the near east at almost any price
and the exaggerated Importance Tur-
key possessed as world power
through her geographical position.
Annexed to the treaty of Lausanne
Is special straits convention"
whereby the waterways linking the
Mediterranean and Black seas hence
Uarships and merchan tmen of all ma
rions. II is a unanimous verdict that
soviet RusSiaS last minute decision
10 adhere to this agreement stands
out as the most significant single
feature of the Lausanne conference:
bolshevik Russia probably has COM
mitted Russia for all time to opening
the straits to men of war.
Though Lord CurZon was unable to
be present at the second sitting of
the conference, his continued to be
the directing mind in shaping its
course.
UNDERLYING all of the weary, end
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