Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-04-15
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.
HUCKLING Turks are return
ing to Lausanne.


~ HUCKLING Turks are return
ing to Lausanne.
Scowling statesmen Of al
lied powers are going there
to meet the Man from the East a
week from Monday.
The Turk Is happy because he feels
that the wholly nationalistic demands
of some of the allied countries are
already frustrated and that when he
again sits in the little international
poker game he has sufficient aces up
, his sleeve to meet any emergency.
The allies are ready to resume the
conference to enforce their peace de-
nands in the near east, but only a
shell remains for which they must
play. The meat has been taken from
the cocoanut. Rich concessions which
nave been the heart of every DELHI
Grafton with the Turks. the soul Of
every move to implant the will Of the
western powers upon the Moslem,
have been removed from the en-
broglio. and by the Turks.
Concessions in Background.
During the last Lausanne confer.
ence the Dardanelles, the straits, oc-
cupation of Thrace and many Of the
, territorial problems directly apper-
tanning to the imposition of a victor's
will upon a vanquished nation were
discussed pro and con and tentative
agreements reached. Constantly there
lurked in the background allied de-
sireS looking toward commercial and
with allied control over exploitation
or Turkish national resources.
French and British interests in
sisted that the present Angora gov
eminent recognize pre-war obliga-
tions and the so-called capitulations
which permit easy infiltration by out
side interests into Turkish CONNER
cia1 and economic life. under the
Euise of protection of foreign capital
Now. as always In the past. France.
England and Russia recognize the
tremendously rich potential riches Of
undeveloped Turkey and in the inter-
national political game that has been
played for the past fifty years. Tur-
, kish development always has been
an important factor: in fact. so i'm
portaut that each move Of European
powers has been watched jealousy
by other nations and any great head
way made by either has been checked
by the others through negotiations
or protests. AS a result Turkey long
has lain. dormant-stunted.
European nations have been much
a. IN the position OF three or four hum
cry cats around choice meat morsel.
all bowling in menacinE tone and
each afraid to move for fear OF feel
Ing the sharp claws Of the other.
All Agreements Discarded.
When the world war came on all
agreements with the old sultan's gov
% eminent went into the discard. for
the very nations that had long been
cycling Turkey, from the standpoint
Of rich concessions. made war on the
Turks With fictitious good will
gone there was little hope Of finan-
Cial and commercial interests in al
lied countries ever realizing on ad-
rantages gained through pre-war
maneuvering. save through the COM
plete defeat of Turkey and Germany.
This was accomplished. Immediately
at Versailles and in Paris there was
= mad rush toward statesmen nego-
tiatinE peace terms with the defea ed
powers, the interested ones asking
for guarantees for property interests
in the near east. The leaders Of the
peace conference. carving knives pois-
ed. indica ted the choice morSals that
d. were desired in Turkey politically
and territorially. Syria, Mesopotamia.
: to be split. Mandates were assigned
:. as near as possible in accordance
with the respective allied viewpoints.
A mere shell of the old Turkey was
: emaciated country to subsist upon.
while other nations. through ex-
: ploitation in the guise Of mandates.
carried out their own purposes. All
: was deemed we'll, and allied nations
. prepared for the feast after Sevres.
Renal starts Resistance.
But Mustapha Kemal decreed other
= wise. He rallied around him the pa
triotio elements Of the nation. A
separate government, revolutionary
-, in character. was formed and, to
. make a long story short, the sultan's
power was overthrown, the treaty Of
Sevres cast into the discard, the
Greeks completely defeated in their
effort to restore the limits of the old
Byzantine empire. and the Angora as
sembly. with Mustapha Renal at the
head, enunciated a program OF COM
plete freedom for Turkish national
istio effort. The Lausanne parley
then was called and the allies forced
to make many concessions to the
Turks, after weeks In which war
clouds hung heavily over the eastern
so-called final terms. The Turks car
ried them back to Angora and replied
that they we're partially satisfactory.
The second Lausanne parley was CALI
ed to complete negotiations, the pur-
pose in allied minds being the clos
ing of q definite understanding as to
oapituIations coupled with economic
end commercial understandings
In the meantime the Turks. facing
drastic demands regarding pre-War
and postwar concessions and pro-
. ionged fight over the future develop
ment Of Turkeys latent resources,
ratified the so-called Chester conces-
. sions promoted by Americans. These
s,1N involve the devalonmenf of near