The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-01-07
PEACE OR WAR
 GRAVE ISSUE. AT LAUSANNE:
With Both Turks and Allies In Defiant Mood, Eastern Conerence NearS Crisis. e Ismet FIatly Refuse. /
 Foreign Court PI9 x
By Associated Press

LAUSANNE, Jan. 6.-Peace or war was the grave issue placed squarely before the Near East conference today. Ismet Pasha for Turkey brought this issue con- cisely before the delegates when, after refusing all allied suggestions concerning special courts for for eigners in Turkey, he declared sol emnly:
 "Gentlemen, the key to peace lies in your hands,"
 Lord Curzon, accepting the chal- lenge, retorted:
 "lf peace is to come at Lausanne, it is essential that some arrange ment on the question of foreign tribunals be arrived at," and he ad- ded significantly: We hope that time will soften the Turkish. atti- tude and that Turkey will not main- tain her position of today"
 No Accord Reached.
 This discussion took place before the full commission on capitulations, which adjourned without reaching any accord on the most vital ques- tion on the Lausanne agenda and without fixing a date for the next meeting. The debate on capitula- tions, during which Ismet Pasha praised the American ambassador, MT. Child, for his recent eloquent address" to the conference on the question of the foreign judicial sys- tenn, was dignified and marked by no evidence of ill feeling. In this respect it differed greatly from the morning session. which took up the problem of providing national home for the Armenians.
 fingered at the attempt to even bring the Armenian questions into the conference, Riga Nur Bey deliv- cred a short attack on the allies then brusquely marched out In conse- quence of this, Lord Curzon, NJ. Bar rere and Marquis Di Garroni for warded a strong letter of protest to Ismet Pasha, requesting the head ol the Turkish delegation to write some explanation of his colleagues s con duct. Riga Nur Bey. who usually says the caustic things for the Turk: when the Turks believe they must be said. was not daunted by the allied protest, but appeared smiling and gracious at the afternoon meet n Eh fat aftt1 Af capitulations was discussed.
 Bad Impression Produced.
 The unfortunate incident of the morning, which followed the allies request that Turkey give her atten ton, from the humanitarian point of view, to the question of providing a national home for the Armenians produced a bad impression. Ismet Pasha's dignified rejection of the allies proposal on capitulations only served to aggravate this impression
 Riza Nur refused to listen to the suggestions regarding Armenia and accused the allies of intriguing with the Armenians and Assyro- Cha aldeans during the great war. That is why the allies felt morally bound to dc something for them.
 In refusing to accept the transi- tory period in which Turkey would permit foreigners to be tried before Turkish courts with foreign judges on the bench, Ismet Pasha declared that this would be counter to Turk ish sovereignty. He said that this suggestion was even worse for Tur- key than the old regime of capitu- lations or privileges for foreigners under which cases were tried before consular courts.
 No country. he pointed out. per mitted foreign magistrates to admin ister justice and the Turkish judicial system offered ample protection to foreigners desirous of carrying on business in Turkey. Turkey stood ready to make separate agreements with the various powers concerning foreigners, with the understanding that they be based on the kind oi stipulations agreed. upon with other nations.