davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24
''The Cheat" With
Negri-HOlt Will
Show at Palace


Coming to the Palace Theater
for Tuesday and Wednesday even
ings in "The Cheat are two stars
of first magnitude. The famous
Pola Negri plays the leading fem-
mine role with Jack Holt as her
leading man.. '
Mr.. Holt has a tremendous appeal
for all ages of women to whom a
good looking man of the virile type
is always the hero of their day
dreams.
"The Cheat" unlike most of
Miss Negri's pictures has a happy
ending which eliminates from gorge
ously set scenes of eastern society
life. The plot is thrilling.
Los Angeles is now showing "The,
Cheat at the Metropolitan and the
procuring of the picture for Ell Cen
tro movie fans during the same
week heralds thes. openings-of the
usual run of fine pictures for the
fall and winter season.
Manager Caldares announces that
the airdome has closed and the
Fifth street playhouse is now be-
ing used due to the weather. changes
of the last few days.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Dog skins from China are used
for rugs and Holland house e-cat
skins for coat lining.
Massage was known to ancient
Greek and Roman physicians and
has been in use in Englad since
1880.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24
The Weather

= SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA =
Fair tonight and Tuesday.
= LOS ANGELES AND VICINITY
Fair with moderate temperature
'tonight and Tuesday.
z Press Hent ads bring results. r
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24
Monday, September "a, 1923

ago Sunday by an army lieutenant
apparently in cold blood. s& ~
Osugi had recently returned to
Japan from Paris where he had been
deported after having made a
speech at French May day dem
onstration.
Court martial Of the lieutenant
said to have done the shooting has
been ordered.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

A fleet crossing wide ocean
from its home base must of neces-
sity lose from a quarter to a third
of its fighting value, naval experts
have c1aimed
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Climate of Japan is far wctter
than that of England and subject
to greater extremes of temperature,
the best season being autumn.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Violin ana Piaro teacher, Mrs.
Horace Williams (A.T.C.L. Eng.)
sac Main St., Tel. l9sW. adv.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Project Meeting Wednesday,
There will be- = meeting Of the
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24
3, ns~>sY DA%

To give your cup of coffee an ap-
,petizing favor with golden brown
'color-use Carnation undilutef as
it comes from the containcr. = iea-
spoonful is enough-1se more IL
desired.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Former Resident Here.-Mrs. E.
'nrphy Manchester of Beaumont is
spending few days in the valley
fransacfiDg business connected with
the Curphy estate. She will also
VISIT her brother, NJ. r. Downev of
the Mount Signal district. Mrs.
Curphy reports that her little son
Jack, who has been seriously i'll, is
now much improved in health.
Fat at the Oregon and be COM
Portable. Ladies rest room and
men 3 smoking room. Adv
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Bakers Auto Paint Shop. First
class work. Prices reasonable. 456
Main st. Adv
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24
Merchants Lunch at steve's. adv.

Oregon Cafe. Cool place to eat.
Lunch 35c, Dinner soc. Chops and
Steaks. Adv.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Teachers at library hers
registering at the County Library
saturday, September %: Mrs. Grace
Ferrell. Jasper; Mrs. Claude c. Orr,
Beech; Mrs. Eleanor Miller, North
End; Mrs. l.. S. Watts, Mrs. V. f.
Smith, Hoffman, Calexieo; Il. G..
Alexander, Lantana; Mrs. G. A..
Mack, Elm; Flora w. Benton, Ca
lexico; Agnes r. Tozer, lockwood,
Calexico; Mrs May II. Ingram,
Mrs. III. c. james, Meloland; L. A.
Jones; Miss Deige. Mt. Signal;
Msr. r. Van, Lone Star; Mrs. Will
liams, Centinella; Eulalie Bourg,
Aida Devaui, MeCabe; Mrs. Ella
L. Mare. Heher.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Jenkins Violin Studio re-opens
for the 10th season. 500 Olive Ave.
Phone All. adv.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Ex.ae Batteries. skYIIfui work on
all makes Of Batteries. c. E. Cog
gins Rattery Shop. Adv
Imperial Valley press., 1923-09-24

Money to Loan on automobiles
contracts bought. Fred R. Cross.
VIC Main St. Phone $50. Adv
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
Women's Shaving Cream
Also Nah Jongg Pajamas

but the heavier types are urged
TO try for speed while the slcn.
der models 30 in for slow and
easy movement
ITS Just reversal OF tenn.
permanent" the instructross ex.
planned.
Nah Jongg pujamas are de.
scribod ns absolutely necessary
TO play the game properly" and
are being demonstrated along
with tho Chinese game which
has become 40 popular.
Chin straps, In appearance
not unlike the night cap grand.
mn used 10 wear. also are being
shown.
They prevent double chins
for the young. reduce them for
the maturing, and nrc rcstful
Turn TO Page 0. Column n
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
SHERIFF SEEKS
Ex-P0LICEMAN
Wife Arrested; Cache Of
Booze Is Seized

Sheriff Matt Starwich wednesday
was seeking Eugene l.. Berry, for.
mer member OF the Seattle police
department. for alleged connection
with n large moonshine distillery
which was uncovered by Starwich
at 2422 L. Madison st. Tuesday
night.
Mrs. Ruth Berry. wife of the
former policeman. was arrested in
the raid and lodged in the county
jail. She posted $500 bail wednes.
day and was released.
Starwich found the old three.
story house to be we'll equipped
distillery. He then seized one
small still and so bottles OF moon.
shine. Evidence was found which
showed that much larger still
had been operating for some time
In the upstairs and that IS barrels
OF moonshine mash had been con.
stantly In use to supply the outfit.
Federal prohibition officers and
police under Chief w. h. Severyns
were with Starwich at the time of
the raid. Mrs. Berry was charged
with violating the state LIQUOR law,
altho she protested that the distil.
CTurn to Page 0. Column 81
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
DEMOS LEAD
IN SPOKANE
Judge Hill Seems Winner in
Congressional Election

SPOKANE. Sept. 2s.--The republi.
can administration has suffered de.
feat In the first test OF It's strength
Fince President Coolidge went into
office. II was CLEANED here TODAY
from almost complete returns in yes.
terdny's congressional election.
with IS precincts out OF 500 miss.
ing. Judge Sam u, Hill. democratic
candidate, was lending State Senator
Charles Il. Myers, republican. by 3sG
votes.
supporters OF the republican cnp.
didate agreed this morning that he
can hardly be expected to overcome
HITS lead in the missing precincts.
altho defcat was not yet admitted.
There remains $50 absentee ballots
to be counted, principally in Spokane
and Chclan counties. These were cx.
pected TO 80 Mt least two to one for
the democratic candidate.
The special election In this. the
Fifth congressional district. WINS
made necessary by the recent nm,
pointmcnt OF Representative ]. Stan.
ley Webster TO the federal court
bench. Bccauses of It's being tho
Turn to Page 0, Column -
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
GIRL OPERATOR
SAVES BOTHELL
Calls to Seattle for Aid in
Fighting Fire
ny STEVE ARNErr

Long distance telephone calls sent
TO the Seattle and Kirkland fire de.
partments by Miss Ruth Holman.
operator st the Dothcll exchange.
saved the business section Of the
sammamish valley town from de.
Htruction by fire Tuesday night
Whipped by a strong breeze. the
flames which originated In Page =
bakery. spread rapidly thru the main
section Of the city and resulted In
approximately $4,000 damages, nc.
cordinK TO reports Wednesday.
In response 10 Miss Hohmau's call.
five pieces Of fire apparatus rushed
TO Boihcll from Seattle and stopped
the rush Of the fire. which partially
destroyed the Bothcil Rose theater.
tho Bothci. Sanitary market and the
Page bakery Miss Holman called
the residents OF the town and noii
fled them that their homes were en-,
dnnscred. While she sent her calls
thru. the church bell beRRn changing
and the fire alarm became general
Apparatus from Kirkland also re.
Hf'onded 10 the general alarm and
gave what assistance was possible.
Tho Bothell Rose ,heaier Is owned
by V. G. Wolfe. and according 10 his
statement $500 worth OF equipment
was destroyed. The thcater had been
sold and payment was TO have been
made next Sunday.
Emp.oycs OF the Cooperative Mcr.
camille store were notified OF the fire
Mt 6 p. m. by Mrn. Della Remedy.
They Immediately hurried to the
church and began ringing the bell.
Total insurance on the SIS. 900 loss
Is hut $4,000. according to fire dc.
partmcnt reports Wednesday.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
CHILD CRUSHED
UNDER WHEELS
g. year-0ld Japanese Boy
Dies From Injuries

Crushed under The wheels OF
heavy truck when he fell from his
position on the back end. 1chiro Ma
kata, s-year.oid. son OF NJ. Nakata.
1905 Washington st.. died in the
Providence hospital shortly before
midnight Tuesday.
r. saito. 23. OF si2 Fifth ave. s.
driver OF the truck. was sought
Wednesday by the police and coroner
for questioning. In his first report
Of the accident. Saito told police the
child had been hanging to the tail
board OF the truck, unknown to
Saito.
In turning at 18th ave. and Wash.
ington ST.. Saito backed his truck.
The boy fell off and rolled under the
rear wheel. Saito took him to Provi.
dcnce hospital. where he lived but
few hours.
Coroner w. II. Corson investigated
the case. Police said the accident
was apparently unavoidable.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26

NEW YORK. Sept. 26.-Wom.
en- are using their own shaving
cream. retaining their own
names after marriage. discover.
ing a new use for pajamas. be.
ing taught to vote-and doing
many other progressive things
at the "woman's Activities Elk.
hibit." In session here today.
The first women's shaving
cream is introduced. No brush
Is needed. The hawkcr suggest.
ed that the correspondent send
wife around for further details.
Stylish stouts are being pd
vised in the methods Of reduc.
ing to comely ass. and anacmlc
92s are being enlightened on the
art OF adding few pounds
where they are most needed.
The same exercises are pre-.
scrlbed for the fats and leans
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
JUDGE SLAPS
CITY HEALTH
DEPARTMENT
Declares Value of
Pasteurization Is
Still a Matter of
Doubt

seattle raw milk dealers won
their protracted war with Health
Commissioner Dr. Hiram Read
Wednesday. when Judge Everett
l.. Smith granted permanent
injunction 10 prevent the health
department from undue Interior.
encv with their business.
The decision brings Co a close a
bitter fight for what the dealers
called fair treatment II was wnFed
BY the raw milk diaries OF the city
against alleged discrimination by the
health department in favor OF pas.
teurizod milk dalrymen
Judge Smith ruled that Com.
missioner Read had attempted
To exact from the raw min,
dalrymcn IAN unreasonable and
arbitrary compliance with the
rules aud regulations promul.
gated BY the health depart.
mcni."
Judge Smith also pointed out that.
while raw milk dairymen were com,
PEELED by the health department 10
live M 90 the letter OF these rules.
that 20 out OF % dalrymcn in the
South End. mostly Japanese. had
failed 10 comply with the rules.
Not one license has been revoked
OF dairylmen handling pastcuriIed
milk" the decision stated.
pr. u. r. Smith. Inspector for DR..
Read. was severely criticised for at
tempting 90 force tho use OF pas.
teurixnd milk exclusively IN Seattle
Medical science has not Yet said
the last word on the merits OF raw
md pnhicurircd milk" the Judge
nasd. There arc many intelligent
and experienced men IN Ecattie who
insist that raw milk IL superior. mud
who demand THIS Kind OF milk for
their own use.
'Pas,euriEation simply means
submitting the milk TO high tenn.
peraiurc. which kills certain germs.
II also kills certain food elements
In the milk"
III u inRdSiHahic Tor many rcn.
sons. both economic and sanitary, 10
compel all Of scattie's milk supply
TO submit 10 pasteuriEation," judy
Smith ruled.
Judge Smith exonerated DIR. Read
from questionable motives, saying
there was no evidence presented 10
him 10 sustain Huch charges. But
he declared that tho raw milk deal.
crs nrc entitled to the protection Of
the court against the revocation OF
their dairy permits. as attempted by
the commissioners in number OF
cases.
The dnirynrcn who Joined forces
in fighting DIR. Read and who are
protected under the Injunction are
James Nelson. a. Il. GriffithH. Jr.,
Fred Nelson. John A. Hanson. J.
Rasmussen. II. Anderson and G.. r..
King. ali residents OF the south end
Of the county.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
STEALS P0LICEMAN'S
REVOLVER; NOW HE'S
GETTING FREE MEALS

I W. SUMMERS. q. a sales.
~ man. stole "A revolver from
Patrolman ). II Mcculloch. but
lac couldn't get away with IL. ac-
cording 20 the police Summers
Il taking his meals la the city
Jail. following his arrest ut Third
ave and Stewart IT,. Wednesday.
McCulloch left his pistol AZ a
Ak stand and Summers later
walked up 20 the office manager
and claimed the gun. lie walked
of with the weapon and succeed.
cd In cvading McCulloch until
"wednesday. when he rounded a
street corner just ~ the officer
rounded II from the other side.
Summers win be charged under
a state complaint. according TO
Mcculloch. with larceny
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
Rainy Days

Does bad weather hurt your
business? II needn't, snys Russell
In his article on Watch the
Weather Man" in today's Star.
As matter OF fact. all sorts
Of weather may help business
especially the retail busIncss--if
man is on TO his Job: that's
what Russell declares.
It's the last article in the
series that has been running for
the past week. so Of course you
want to read II.
You ought TO know by this
time that you will find II on the
Business Page.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26

The insurgent legislators had been
gathering In the capitol building
turnout the morning preparatory TO
an attempt TO convene an e1traordi.
nary session at noon today.
A few minutes before noon they
started crowding about the locked
and guarded doors TO the hall OF rep
rcsentatlvcs. The military Increased
It's guards TO ten armed men.
Exactly nj noon. IA the repre-.
sentatiyes appeared to step for
ward toward tho guard. n shout
from the entrance 10 the senate
chambers. directly across the
lobby. attracted their attention.
Colonel W. $. Key. Of the ma
tional guard, asked them 10 ms.
sembIe about him.
They did 30 silently. Meanwhile
the governors private gunner and
detectives surrounded the crowd.
Colonel Key then read an order
signed by Adjutant General Baird
Markham. informing the representa-.
lives that the governor warned them
not 90 attempt TO convene. The con.
clusion OF the order instructed the
legislators to dispense.
The crowd melted silently. They
left the capitol In body. discussing
the development In low tones.
No further attempt Of use Of
force was made by either side
when the climax OF Governor
Waiton's fight on the ku Klux
Khan was reported. Opposition
10 his use Of the military In
his battle against the Khan
caused agitation for his i'm.
parchment among the legisla-
tors.
II was apparent the governors
order that the crowd dispense had
been anticipated by the represen.
tatives and they had thcE own
plans for further action prepared.
The governors detectives and
plain clothes men followed the legis.
lators from the building.
pV'tihot WaiApu WAS III MS
home. He had not appeared at
the capitol all day.
The retreating company OF rep.
resentatives was Joined at the CAPT.
tol grounds by several hundred
women carrying American flags.
They were for the most part
wives and relatives Of the legisla.
tors. Sentries Ind kept them from
entering the capitol building during
tho morning.
Tho vanguard OF the invading
representatives arrived at the cap.
itol few minutes after leaving the
hotel.
They entered the building unmo.
Tested
The representatives made no Mt.
tempt to gather. They strolled about
singly and In pairs.
I'VE will not attempt 10 convene
until noon when the session Is call.
ed" II was announced. The legisla.
tors were under constant surveil-
ance. Soldiers followed each group,
Word had been received from the
Crurn to rage o, Column q
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
AT
CAPITOL is
FRUSTRATED
Somber-Faced Gunner on Guard as
Colonel Reads Order Forbidding
Session by State Representatives
BY s. A. BARKER

OKLAHOMA CITY, Okla, Sept. 26-The Oklahoma legis-
ature attempting for the impeachment of Gov
Jack Walton dispersed before the doors of the
hall of representatives today by the Oklahoma National
Guard.
The legislators left the capitol building silently. There
was demonstration.
Court action will be instituted Immediately according to
Representative W. b. McBee to establish their right to
Walton
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
Ships Crew Tells
of Violent Waves

PORTLAND. Sept. ?e.--The Hor.
Alison Maru, Japanese. was In port
here today. the first vessel TO arrive
here from Japan since the earth.
quake. Members OF the crew told
OF their vessel, so miles off the Jap.
ancse coast when the quake occur.
red. being tossed about so violently
the compass overturned.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
Negroes Rob Party
Guests of $4,000

KANSAS CITY. Mo-, Sept. 2s.--
Six negroes raidcd the homes Of
Charles @. Ycrkcs in the fashionable
country club district here during a
birthday party early today and re.
loved guests OF cash and Jewels
totaling more than $4,000
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
Howdy. folks. Hah yuh COB a
gold TX youb he'd. toos s-...s

But as LII Gee Gee told her
Sweetie the other night: "A cold In
the head is worth two in the feet"
The best way to cure a cold IS to
so home, get into steamlns bath.
then climb under five or six heavy
wool blankets and drink a tail glass
OF hot whisk-Aw, what's the use OF
talkingl
OF course. hot toddy made out OF
moonshine will also kin n cold. The
trouble is II may also kin the patient.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
Sam Gonnpers i'm Town
Hears LOCAL
LABOR fuss
Seattle Charter
Hangs in Doubt;
Settlement Soon
BY John w. Nelson

BY John w. Nelson
Difficulties into which the nj.
legged radical activities Of the
Central Labor Council Of Seattle
have been involved with Samuel
GompcrS and tho American
Federation Of Labor. have not
been settled. the veteran labor
leader said "Wednesday morning.
Gompcrs. who Is spending tho day
In Seattle en- route 20 the annual con.
vention OF the American Federation
OF Labor az Portland. said that these
difficulties. which caused the execu.
tive council Of the federation 60
threaten revocation OF the local char.
ter. Will be thrnshed out at the meet.
Ing OF the executive council OF the
federation at Portland al 2 o'clock
next Saturday afternoon.
The veteran labor leader Maid the
executive council had no desire 20
cancel tho charter OF any labor coun.
ell. but declared that the drastic nc.
ton threatened will be taken II the
case warrants H.
Gompsrs refused 10 make any fur.
Their public statement on the matter.
SEATTLE COMMITTEE
TO ATTEND HEARING
A committee from the local coun.
ell viii attend the meeting OF the
executive council next Saturday to
lay the councils defense before thst
body, The committee includes James
A. Duncan. former secretary who re-
signed after the controversy started:
Charles Doyle. secretary OF the
council and Phil Pearl OF the Bar
ber's union.
Tuesday night. as the head OF Am
erican labor GouIpers. addressed n
meeting Of 100 local union preS-
dontA secretaries and business agents
at the Labor Temple here and voiced
an optimistic message on the general
condition OF the labor movement.
Gompcrs declared that the nation
wide attempt two years ago by en-
pioysrs TO crush labor unions has
failed completely. AZ a result Of the
fighting spirit that was aroused from
long dormancy by the attack. the la
Dor movement has responded with
gains turnout the entire nation. Com
pers asscrtR.
AMERICAN LABOR
ON SOUND BASIS
American labor Ii the best and
soundest movement In the world
today. Gompers declared. trium.
phantiy. In spite Of reports to the
contrary. 1t exercises more power
in government and economics than
any other labor group.
The membership. influence aud
morale OF the movement is higher
today than ever before, and the
field for development Is opening
steadily before the onward march
Of organization, he said.
G. o. Dad" Young. veteran or.
ganizer OF the American Fedora.
ton OF Labor. introduced President
Gompers at the meeting Tuesday
Turn to Page 0, Column ~
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26

Explorer Stefansson says not more
than one.third Of the Eskimo popu-
lation ever heard OF an igloo.
Gosh. next they'll be saying Es-
kinos don't eat candlesl
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
A DOG6ONE GOOD
INIPERSnNATION

a man was arrested nj n North
.nd roadhousc Monday night for i'm.
'pcrsonating an officer.
II seems he was trying TO eXtort
hush" money from the proprietor.
The Mexican jumping bean jumps
because Il Is full OF little worms. The
Santa Barbara humane society is try.
ing to stop their sale. because n says
that dealers put 'em out in the hot
sun 10 make 'em jump harder.
What In heck do they waut7 A
rundown and Turkish bath for tho
worms
The Los Angeles Chamber Of Com
mcrce has asked citizens to send
their relatives Christmas gifts which
reflect ,ha spirit Of the city.
Look out for Christmas package
containing 80 cubic fest Of gas'
THE BEST FORD JOKE
Ford for President"
LII Gee Gee went 10 see The Gov
cred Wagon last night. but she says
she was unable to remain for the en-
&c show as the dust raised BY the
wagon train made her hay fever
worse.
Here lies poor Hc-ekidh Briggs
He died icithons a qaiUrer;
..!.I hnaf fhe ftntfsd
And only had nivrcr.
Perhaps the most reasonable
ground for divorce for woman Is
that her husband wipes off his shoes
with her new silk stockings.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
SPORTING NOTE

The football season Is ~ fuli
swing at the university. and can
didates for Yell King are getting
into training by shouting MAN.
my" songs.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26

One Of the candidates for Yell King
lost 30 pounds last week. He lives
at a boarding house and wouldn't
ask for a second helping at meals
for fear he would strain his vocal
cords.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26

Winter Is fast approaching.
and apartment house janitors
are already practicing throwing
blocks OF ice into the furnace.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26

OH, WHAT A YELL DUKE,
IS BOBBY BoUNCER:
HE USED TO BE
a TRAIN ANNOUNCER.
Ty Cobb says good baseball players
are born.
100000?
Health HINT: Toadstools are not
necessarily dangerous. II you eat
them after drinking quart Of wood
alcohol. their effect Is hardly notice.
able.
TRAyELOGUE
Bsnff. Alta.
Made the trip excellent,
Wish you were here;
Wonderful scenery,
Marvellous beer.
Papyrus. famous English race.
horse who trains on beer, Is coming
10 America.
Just wait until he tries our near
beer.
Perhaps the most versatile men In
Che world, next 20 trap drummers,
Ne cooks In shortorder restaurants
Germany has capltulated. Tho up
ruhr has subsidized.
What has become OF the od'fash.
Turn 10 P1gc o, Column n
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1923-09-26
THE BEST FORD JOKE
Ford for President

Here lies poor Hc-eki1h BRIGGS
He died without qaiUrer;
He tried 70 beat the Limited,
And only had nivrcr.