davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-09-23

Inat they VIII be eagerly scanned
at the White House goes witbout
saying14 r ~
| Mrs. HaTdirg's decision to take an
apartment in Washington is in line
with the determination she and tb.
/ late President had. reached to live
here when his term in the White
House should have ended. When the
writer told the first story of the
plans of the. Hardings there came =
vigorous denial from Marion, which
Mr.. Harding, for obvious reasons
! sanctioned. The denial was Justified
in that Mr.. Harding had no intention
whatever of deserving Marion en-
tirely. If he had lived he probabIv
would have spent two or three weeks
there each year. But his headuuar
ters home would have been in WASH
ington. just as Mrs. Harding is going;
to take her place in. the future life
OF the capital
The status of Mrs. Harding in Of
fictal society will be- unique She Ia
the only widow Of a President within
recollection to make her home in
Washington. 1t is true. there are two
! or her predecessors in the White
House living here-Mrs. Wilson and
Mrs: Taft-but Mrs. Taft has her own
niehe as wife of the Chief Justice of
! the Supreme Court. and Mrs. Wilson
mas been only too. glad to follow her
compelled by his illness.
hrs. harding loves Washington So
| ciety She has been more of q DOM
mating Influence in it than were
| elther mrs, Wilson or Mrs. Taft. Even
| Mrs. Roosevelt, who now resides at
| oyster Bay, did not take so active a
| part In the affairs of the presidency
! as did Mrs. Harding. The latter has
| she was mistress of the White House
| senators and members of the cabinet
| found her alert on every subject OF
domestic or international interest
| The question of Mrs. Harding's place
of precedence at the state social az
fairs at the White House and else
! where IN the capital is certain to
| come UP sooner or later. although, of
course. she is expected to, spend a
quiet period =. OF ohab1 mourning: Strictly
Harding will have no official status,
| but as she was too well liked and
was too much part of the present
| fabric of government in Washington
| to be left out of all of the more i'm
! portant social affairs of the future,
| the question of placing her at table
| or In line at the various big recep-
| tions must be met and tactfully dealt
| with by the powers that be.
| * X X
| There have been no cabinet changes
| since Mr.. Harding died and. on the
!! surface. none seems to be in immediate
prospect. Mrs. Harding was but a
few months ago the mistress of the
cabinet circle. VIII not the ladies of
the cabinet feel like including her in
all of their official affairs2 Mrs. Hard
ing also was exceedingly popular in
the Senate set. And here again her
| presence at social affairs will be
| eagerly sought.
| Taken altogether. the presence of
Mrs. Harding In Washington, and the
| possibilities of her salon. are quite
the most interesting things to which
Washington ever has had to look for
} ward. -.
Evening star., 1923-09-23
Child Labor Amendment.

The country may enter upon cam
paign for child labor amendment to
the Constitution. The temper Of the
people on this subject has been shown
in the enactment of child labor legis-
lation, and recently representatives of
eighteen national organizations of
women and representatives of the
American Federation of Labor formed
a national conference on child labor.
Many lawyers have given the opinion
that Congress cannot pass a law on
this subject which would be held con-
stitutional by the Supreme Court in
view Of it's past decision on this mat
by amending the Constitution.
In The Star a few days ago ap-
peared a news story that "the need Of
legislation to restrict child labor in
the United States was discussed by
President Coolidge and Samuel Com
pers, president of the American Fed
Grafton Of Labor, at the White House" +"
Mr.. Gompers was quoted as saying
that "since the Supreme Court Of the
United States declared the last child
labor law unconstitutional there has
been an increase of 36 per cent in the
number of children employed in the
United States in various industries" f"
The better sentiment of the country
was shocked for many years by con-
ditions of child employment in mines
and mills, and that sentiment crystal
lized in restrictive legislation.
Before the passage of child labor
laws, public opinion and the prospect
of legislation brought about considera-
BILE amelioration in the condition of
child workers, and it is believed that
no such conditions as those once COM
planned of now exist in the United
States. If it requires constitutional
amendment to protect children in
their rights of childhood, and that
they shall have play and schooling,
doubtless the demand for such an
amendment will be overwhelming.
Evening star., 1923-09-23
Departmental Supplies.

A plan is proposed by the budget
bureau for the establishment at Wash
ington of a federal warehouse for the
purchase and storage of all supplies
needed by the various departments
and agencies of the government at the
Capital. The establishment Of such a
warehouse may be authorized by the
next Congress. Representative Wood
Of Indiana, a member Of the appro-
priations committee, has drafted q bill
appropriate TO this reform. The plan
provides one feature that Is new, that
Of setting up general storehouse
from which the departments will
draw supplies as they need them.
That part Of the proposed plan for
consolidated purchases by the depart
nents is not altogether new, but
under the plan suggested by the
budget bureau the present practice
OF consolidated buying for the depart
ments may be elaborated and brought
nearer to perfection. Economies would
result. There is already system OF
consolidated or cooperative buying by
the departments, and 1t has worked
we'll. In charge OF this is a general
supply committee, which is an inter-
departmental organization, and acting
with It Is q chief co-ordipator OF sup
plies. who is budget bureau officer.
Through the operation of the general
supply committee the departments
have been buying their supplies in
Evening star., 1923-09-23
A BOYS Birthright.

President Coolidge's desire to have
his sons permitted to live the life of
the average American boy, without
being in the limelight continuously
as the sons of the President, makes
its appeal to American fathers and
mothers generally. Instructions have
been issued by the President to the
head of Mercersburg Academy, where
the Coolidge boys are students, that
interviewers and camera men are
taboo so far as the Presidents sons
are concerned.
Certainly the Presidents wishes in
this matter should be respected. 1t
may be recalled that President Roose-
welt during his service in the White
House did all he could to protect his
boys from undue publicity as the sons
Of the President. One of his letters,
published later with others to his chill
dren. deals with this very matter, ad-
dressed to Theodore Roosevelt, jr.,
now Col. Roosevelt and assistant sec
retary of the Navy, while he was a
student at Harvard.
The sons of crowned heads in Eu-
rope have suffered much during their
boyhood because Of the fact they are
always on parade, so TO speak, and
not permitted to be real boys and to
play the game as the ordinary boy
plays it. Mark Twain, in his Prince
and the Pauper," illustrated graphi-
cally the shut-in life of an heir to the
British throne. To force American
boys, because their father is the Chief
Executive, into even the semblance of
such a position would be a great in
justice to the boys themselves.
The birthright of an American boy
is freedom-not from parental correc-
tion and guidance. but from form and
pomp. He is entitled to some privacy
even though his father be President
of the United States, or, in other in
stances, numbered among the richest
men in the world. To be continually
reminded that he must be this or that
because the world is looking at him
would be unfair to the youngster, who
learns often what Is really worth
learning through mistakes.
Evening star., 1923-09-23

ing the raw material which she turns
into the finished article. Then who
would take the goods IL she would
get them ready? Would France or
England or tho United States allow
their own industries to become de-
moralized and their, own working
men thrown out of work? This would
be the real result of such a policy.
Even if we take the 1918 figures
those representing her most prosper
Gus year-Germany bought s254,000,-
600 more goods than she sold to the
world. But she was able to pay this
amount, as we have already shown,
by her foreign investments and her
merchant marine profits. Today her
foreign investments are gone and
shipping is at standstilL
To pay the present reparations de-
manded Germany would have to sell
four times as much as she did in
1922 and not increase her purchases a,
dollar. without taking up the ques-
tion of where she could sell this in
crease, the proposition is, from a
purely business standpoint, absolute
ly fantastic and impossible Of accom-
pishment
Still, the Firth cabinet was placed
in power as the government of full
fillment. The late DIR. Rathenau as
German minister of reparations hand
ed over to the reparations commits
sion ships, airplanes, coal, coke, lum-
Der, agricultural machinery, railroad
equipment, iron and hundreds of thou
sands of cattle. sheep. pigs ana other
live stock. 1t may be a surprise to
know that DIR. Ludwig Stein, a lead
ing professor and economist of
Switzerland, has recently estimated
that Germany has already paid to
the reparations commission in goods
and money an amount equal to $4,000
millions of dollars. The French, on
the other hand, estimate the amount
at 1000 millions. Possibly the cor
rect figure is somewhere between the
two.
And now when public opinion Of
the whole world is coming around
| to a more sane business approach to
the reparations question France en-
ters the Ruhr and announces to the
world that the reparattons figure
must stand. And that she expects to
stay in the Ruhr until a full settle
ment satisfactory to her is made.
After four months spent in France,
Germany and the Ruhr, studying the
problem at close range I am con-
yinced that France has never yet
announced her real policy to the
world She is not primarily after
! reparations. She entered the Ruhr
to accomplish two definite and dis
tinct objects.
First-To get within her political
and economic control the coke and
coal of the Ruhr, now so essential
| for her iron and steel business.
Second-To disintegrate and de-
! stroy the German economic system
finally causing political and econ
omic collapse.
with Germany out of the way
France believes that with her mill
dominate the life and business OF
Europe for the next few centuries
That to me is the significance OF
reparations and the Ruhr invasions
In the meantime the condition of the
average man and woman and child
l in Germany and in France, too
| grows much worse. But that means
| nothing now in this new struggle OF
death.
Next---Italy, the land of Mussoiini
| (Copyright.> 1928, in United States and Great
Britain BY North American Newspaper
Alliance, All rights reseryed.)
Evening star., 1923-09-23
BY THOMAS n. MARSHALL,
Former Vice President of the Unites
States.

N1CO fEESk0GmH OK tnG DmIfcU
States.
It is a law of life that without the
shedding of bloed there Is no remis-
sion of sin. And sin need not be re-
may include anything distasteful to
the right. desire of mankind. Nor
need the shedding of blood mean only
the red corpuscles Of the body. The
scriptural quotation may be applied
intellectually as well as physically.
Restraint of desire sometimes is as
much of struggle as is the accom-
plishment of a purpose.
Stagnant ponds are breeders of
deadly disease; rushing torrents
ofttimes destroy life. Waterfalls may
be harnessed and put to labor for the
good of mankind, but until they are
harnessed they are of no economic
value. 1t is the broad river placidly
flowing to the sea which bears upon
its bosom the larger returns of benefit
to mankind. The peace and per-
petuity of a people are best assured
where the currents Of life move like
a smooth-fiowing river. Some lives
may be lost in the sands, some, bodies
may disappear in the foam OF prog
ress, but the bulk of the people reach
destination.
The course of our republic has been
generally smooth, yet many times its
onward movement to ultimate destiny
has been seriously interrupted by the
shoals and rapids of temporary con-
ditions. How many times have lovers
Of the republic believed all was lostl
Somehow. however, the shoals have
been passed; the rapids have sub
sided; safe currents have always car
ried us on. Let us not now be dis
hearts or freeze from our faces the
good old-fa shioned American laugh.
The farmers of America are indeed
In a distressfuI condition. Their
products are selling at ruinous prices
while they are compelled to purchase
slightly reduced from the peak of the
war. They must have machinery,
clothing and labor. Freight rates are
bearing them down. Rates which will
enable the carriers to earn fair re-
turn seem to mean starvation prices
to the farmer for his products and
luxury prices to the consumers, OF
those products. This is deplorable.
No wonder the farmer and consumer
doubt whether out of such a situation
anything calculated to produce a smile
is to be found.
It has to do with American politics,
which always has a funny side
Where else in all the world save here
in America could be created q polit-
ical combination between laboring
men, who are insulted at less than q
dollar an hour as their wage, and
farmers, who are raising wheat at q
dollar a bushel? The average yield
of wheat to the acre Is perhaps TWEEN
ty bushels. Therefore. two good, old
fashioned days work will take an
acre Of wheat away from the farmer
Yet the farmer seems to think tha,
the farm-labor combination is OF bene-
Evening star., 1923-09-23
Can Europe Hold Together?
X-Reparations and the Ruhr Invasion.
BY JOHN f. SINCLAIR.

DR. Cuno why can't you and
France get together?'
"well, / will tell you exactly" re-
piled the German chancellor, speak
ing perfect English. Il am not
politician. I am a business man.
Before coming here I was the head
of the an-American Steamship
Company. When difficult problem
arose with the French steamship peo-
pie I would put on my hat and go
to Paris and we would settle the
difficulty right away. I followed the
same procedure with the English and
the Scandinavians and they follow
ed the same with us. That was good
business. Then I was asked to take
this position. I had never been in
politics, but knew that the repara-
ton question was purely business
question, and would have to be solved
in a business way. I agreed to ac-
cent the chancellorship. But I was
soon disillusioned, for I found out
that Mr.. Poincaire was not interested
in settling the reparation problem
on a business basis at all. He spoke
of many other things. Mr.. Poincaire
is a politician and not a business
man. 1, on the other hand, am a
business man and not politician.
That is why the reparation problem
is in such a muddle. Now either
Mr. Poincaire must retire and a busi-
ness man put in his place or l must
go and a politician put in my place.
Oil and water do not mix"
The German government was finally
told that they must pay $4,000 millions
of dollars as reparations. Let US see
what this really means. With this
vast sum 1 could have paid every
public debt in 1913 of every country
| in Europe and in United States. ia
pan and Canada as well. Every one.
| I would still have enough money left
over to pay the debts of each one OF
the forty eight states of the United
States. Still my money would not be
all gone. I could build fifty hospitals
costing 100000 each in fifty differ
ent cities in the United States and
Canada. And I would have enough
over to put $4,000. 900 in the bank for
| q rainy day. That is the sum which
| is demanded from a people who oc-
cupy an area not SO large as the two
states of North Dakota and Montana
combined.
Let us approach this problem In an
other way. The interest charges and
the sinking fund on this amount
totals about 1000 millions of dollars
a year. AS we have already seen 1t
must be paid in gold or goods. The
present total gold supply of Germany
would pay just seven days interest
charges. Gold payment, then, is out
of the question. She can only pay in
goods That is, she must sell to the
world each year 1000 millions of dol-
lars more goods than she buys from
the world. No student of finance has
ever been able to suggest any other
way to settle a foreign debt. So let
us see where we come out.
In 1922 Germany exported $685.
100000 worth of goods, while she
imported 1850, 100000 worth OF
goods. In this way Germany last
year bought s567,ooo.ooo more goods
than she sold. Is there any financial
wizard in all the world who can show
how Germany can sell $4,000. .ooo,o0o
] more goods a year without first buy
Evening star., 1923-09-23
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Topsy Turvy.
When time for getting busy comes,
I feel no trace of fear.
The old machinery that huns
Is music to my ear.
But when my daily toll is through,
Committees are in wait.
To me they tell thing or two
About impending fate.
They seek to agitate my mind
With problems new and old,
Till to suspect 1 am inclined
The worst has not been told.
When to my daily task roam
Resentments do not lurk.
But starting back for home, swee
home,
Seems most like going to work.
Evening star., 1923-09-23
MEN AND AFFAIRS
BY ROBERT T. SMALL

The grand old slogan of Boys, get
the money!. Is once more about to
ring through the political halls. The
boys" are coming to Washington
next Thursday and the. grand old
money marshal of the grand old
party, one Fred w. Upham, perma-
nently of Chicago. but occasionally
of London, Paris and Stockholm, par
ticularly of that dear Stockholm, will
be with them. Fred and the boys
are going to the White House to pay
their respects to President Coolidge
and also-one and ALTO tell the
support for denomination andA possi-
BILE election.
The boys" constitute the ways
and means committee OF the .repub-
lican national committee. William
Boyce Thompson served in the last
campaign as chairman of the COM.
mittee, with Henry Blair as execu-
tive officer The boys" were short
a little more than million and a
half dollars of the money spent under
the direction OF VIII Fl. Hays in 1890,
and Marshal Upham has been doing
his darndest ever since 1920 to try
to get the boys" up 10 an even
start for 1924. The task has not yet
been accomplished, but maybe 1t will
be in Washington this week.
:ss-: Xxx
The difficulty with VIII Hays was
that he did not belong to the You
and Are Practical Men Club" He
had an idea that you could finance
a campaign by refusing to accept
any contributions in excess of $1,000.
He also thought such a policy would
make a great hit with the people, SO
perhaps after all that was why Mr..
Harding got a plurality of some
thing like seven million votes. But
the Hays policy also left the party
in bankrupt condition. Men from
whom the boys" usually had got
all the way from $4,000 to s25O,00O
were dumfounded when they were
told they couldn't give moro than a
round thousand. They insisted upon
Offering more. but VIII Hays said:
mo, my good men, we cannot take
your money" OF course, he couldn't
place any restrictions upon what the
| state committees could ask. But in
any event when VIII left the party
and the deficit all at the same time
II was not an altogether easy task
to get the wealthier men and con-
Germs to- come through with more
money. They had given the thousand
that was required of them. the cam
paign was over and the whole sub
ject was extremely cold. .-t e..
Now, however. another campaign is
in the offing and there is every in
| dication that the G. o. p. is going
TO have q real fight on, its hands.
Therefore in the STRINGS that are
beginning to stir II may be easier
TO separate the liberal egivers from
their extra thousands. In any event
Fred and the boys" hope so and
they are going to outline the battle
at their Washington conference.
This conference is in a sense the
opening gun of the new campaign. II
| Is the first formal national gathering
| of the politicians. Each state in the
Union is represented on the ways and
| be valuable index to the trend OF
political opinion the country over.
Evening star., 1923-09-23
ZR-1 Visits Washington.

The visit to Washington yesterday
OF ZR-l, the Navys greatest airship.
gave the capital thrilling introduc-
tion to this giant of the air. Though
the day was cloudy, and the mists pre-
vented long range of vision, the
great gas bag presented a majestic
appearance as it slowly scared over
the city and paid visit Of homage to
Arlington and then to Mount Vernon,
and on returning made other calls
Of respect. Unfortunately, big as
Washington is, there is no space here
for it to land. For the ZR-1 requires
about a mile OF landing field in which
to come to rest. Furthermore, there
is no place here to house it, and so
great a machine must be sheltered
when on the ground lest currents of
air should carry it from it's moorings.
AS the vast silver-hued craft moved
about with certainty and precision
many thought of the possible uses to
which it may be put. Will this i'm
mense mechanism ever see service in
war? Will it remain experimental, to
test out theories Of construction and
use? Will 1t be applied to the pursuit
Of further knowledge Of the unex-
plored polar regions?
Again, as the Fri sailed over the
city there were many who thought of
visitations of this kind in other lands
only few years ago, when from these
great airships fell bombs of terrible
destructiveness, scoring the earth
deeply, razing buildings, blotting out
human lives. It was only a little while
back that such things were being
done in London and elsewhere within
the zone of German "frightfulness." +"
Yet so much has happened Of moment
since then that the memory, save to
has been dulled, and the vast assem-
blage of steel and cloth and wood
soaring SO placidly over the city of
Washington appeared as an engine of
peace, a type of progress.
Fluttering about the giant in its
planes, speedier and more susceptible
Of maneuvering, doubling and turn
ing, soaring and sinking. Had the
great visitor been on hostile errand
they could have put her out of COM
mission and soon sent her to the earth
a wreck. For the dirigible cannot hold
its own against the smaller, swifter
and more easily maneuvered plane.
Even though ZR-1 is filled with
heliun, which is non-explosive and
nom -infammable, it offers a fair and
easy mark for destruction by the anti
aircraft artillery and for the machine
guns carried by the planes.
Although the weather prevented the
holding of the air carnival at Boiling
Field, which it was expected would
give to Washington its first great
demonstration Of the possibilities of
aircraft, the visit of ZR-1 was in itself
a thrilling proof of the high point of
ingenuity and skill to which aviation
has been carried. 1t is an event long
to be remembered, but with it came
the thought which the air carnival It
self was planned to emphasize, that
this government is lamentably slow In
equipping Itself for defensive purposes
with an adequate aviation force for
the emergencies which may at any
time arise, even in these days OF eff
fort toward universal peace.
Evening star., 1923-09-23

A demand for more rapid transit
may arise in New York If situation
continues which prevents a man from
having enough newspaper to keep him
interested all the way from his home
to his Office.
Evening star., 1923-09-23

Life insurance experts say that wom-
en- seldom make their husbands bene-
flciaries in policies. The full possibili-
ties of feminine responsibilities are
far from realization. Even requests
for well-to-do ladies to pay alimony
have been vigorously contested.
Evening star., 1923-09-23

In the interests Of harmony the G.
o. P. will no doubt endeavor to have
resignation rumors pigeon-holed at
least until after next summers cam
paign.
Evening star., 1923-09-23
Grndginr Sanction.

do you think ladies' ought to at
tend prize fights?"
"I suppose It's all right" answered
Mr.. Meekton. "if they go only for en-
tertainment and not for instruction in
new and practical methods of domes-
tic discipline
Evening star., 1923-09-23

The French and German negotia-
tions illustrate the capacity of diplo-
macy of saying the same thing in
several different ways.