davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-01-31

An error of $4,000 in tipping of the
educational appropriation BIZ, and
'aulty drafting of most of the bills
Introduced so fer IN the house of rem
esenta lives. changed Speaker Kiger's
mind about the need of reference
committee He had hoped the house
,ould function without one.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-01-31

Fourteen bills were introduced in
he senate, and one measure was killed
n the short session which followed q
wo-day adjournment on account of
he death of Senator D. W. Van Hoe
sen. The measures introduced provide
.or evervth'no from the repeating of
re section of the statutes requiring a
'ounty dog tax to the filing of va
'ancies occurring in the state legisla
.ure.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-01-31

Silver Innings fail TO Interest the
owner Of IN absent umbrella.
The mirror., 1923-05-31


pable of being set on fire, are not
uncommon in California. These
actually burn at times and have been
known to remain in slow combustion for
long periods, manifesting their action by
giving off clouds of smoke and steam,
with an occasional burst of flame. In
The Scientific american New York;,
contributor gives brief description of a
burning canon" near Santa Monica, in
southern California, whose sides are
formed of oil saturated shale. Phenom-
ena of this sort frequently give rise to
newspaper tales of volcanic action; but
although there are real volcanoes on the
Pacific coast, and one of them-Mount
Lassen-has been manifesting some activ-
ity of late, there is, of course, nothing vol
oanic about the burning canon" but SIM
ply the ordinary combustion of crude
mineral oil. Says the writer:
"The spectacle of rain, fire, and food
all occurring at the same time is not an
unusual sight in some of the canons near
Los Angeles. The m9st notable example
is near Santa MeviSa, which is on the
southern coast Of California. The pre-
cipitous sides of the canons debouching
into the Pacific Ocean in that vicinity are
composed of clay and shale. Whenever
rain falls on these rocks, great, clouds of
IL L.
crests and faces are crowned by vitrifed
rock burned dull red.
at is reported by the early historians
that when the Mission fathers visited this
region one hundred and fifty years ago
the natives avoided these places. They
claimed that these mysterious canons were
the abode of evil spirits and the Indians
could not be induced to guide the priests
to their vicinity.
During the infrequent earthquakes in
this region the upper surfaces of the canon
sides give off sulfuross gases similar to
those noticed during rain-storms.
Actual flame has also been reported in
one of these capons, and similar phenom-
ena are said to occur at certain places
in Santa Barbara County, hence the oc-
casional newspaper accounts of active
volcanoes near the coast of California.
The phenomena are evidently due to fires
in the pertroleum-bearing shales which
crop out in these regions. The cause of
the fires is uncertain; they may be started
by lightning or they may be case of
spontaneous combustion. Messrs, r. S.
Arnold and H. r. Johnson, who investi-
gated the subject some years ago, say:
"'This unique variety of metamorphism
has been at work locally in many regions
of bituminous rocks in California, where
a process of combustion of the hydrocar-
bon contents has altered the naturally
white, soft shale to rock of brilliant
rose or brick-red color, and rendered it in
cases hard and vesicular like scoriaceous
lava.
"In drilling oil-wels burned shale has
been found at depths of from ninety to
1000 feet, proving that the burning has
taken place deep down within the oil
bearing formation, as well as at the sur
face"
The mirror., 1923-05-31
RAILROADS
BY Mr.. J. L.

Knocked bantered, and knocked
again by the general public. They
have been made the subject for vitupera-
tions and admonitions by adversative
writers of the daily press and industrial
magazines. They are easy and inviting
targets because we all have our griev-
ances against the roads at times, and crit
icsm of railroads and railroad manage
ment seems to be popular pastime with
the majority of the people. But often these
petty grievances are unjust and the criti-
cism indiscreet.. The trouble does not al
ways lie directly with the roads and their
management but equally as much with
the public itself, for it invariably refrains
from taking an introspective glance at
the intricate workings of our modern
railroads.; and because of this, deferred
observation it cannot give the manage
ment the real intrinsic cooperation which
seems to be what the railroads need Just
row. Destructive criticism is undoubtedly
good thing in many cases but construc-
tive criticism is better remedy for the
transportation problem. This is applicable
to the travelling public and the large in
dustrial institutions; the mining corpora
tons, the manufacturers, the farmers and
all who have to do with the vast volume of
traffic handled by our public carriers.
The main working rule of the railroads
is service; that is what they are here for.
But if we expect to be served more elab-
orately and to gain the heights of eff
fciency in transportation it is up to us to
study their operation in more intensive
fashion and work in collaboration with
them. The railroad has been logically
compared with the citizens of the coun-
try because it pays taxes the same as the
citizen, works for the development and
consequent prosperity of the country, and
on the whole stimulates life
From these words one might draw the
conclusion that l assume the railroads
and their management to be infallible.
Such is not the case and l would not
have any one suffer that delusion. I ad-
NIT that there are a great many mistakes
made by those who are in charge and
that there is much red tape in the deal
ings of the railroads but on the other
hand if one takes gregariously the great
achievements they have accomplished one
must admit that the roads are doing re-
markably well. They have endured and
progressed in spite of the many handi-
caps they have had to contend with;
namely, the uncertainty of financial help,
the strikes of the employees of most every
department which have occurred quite
frequently during the past fifteen years,
and excessive governmental regulation,
(the menace of government control still
hovers over them). But the most potent
problem of all with which they have to
contend, is that precarious factor, finance.
Metaphorically speaking, finance is to a
railroad what sisal is to twine factory;
without it they cease to function. During
the early days when the railroad was in
its infancy the conservative fnancers were
a bit reluctant to invest their money in
them, and it took an enormous amount of
money to build railroad; the cost of
construction alone for a single mile
The mirror., 1923-05-31

railroads tnat were started with the pro-
verbal shoe string the best example Of
these being the ]. ]. Hill lines in the
Northwest. True, the United States
government granted to Mr.. Hill thou
sands upon thousands of acres of land
along the route of his proposed line but
much of that land was so poor one would
have to fertilize it to make brick. The
result was that much of it was sold for
the small sums Of fifty cents to a dollar
com brought over ten dollars an acre.
And again today, when we stop to con-
slider the chaotic conditio' of the world
in general, or of the fn ncial world in
particular, we may readily assume that
the potentates and departmental heads of
the railroads have just cause for trepida
ton. And yet they are forging ahead in
spite of the many perverse obstacles. No
where has the characteristic spirit in
American industry shown itself more
strikingly than in the development of
railroad transportation. Only the irwin
chile determination of the railroad execu-
tives could have brought the railways to
their present point of utility in such a
brief time.
Now it may be we'll to 60 back into
the past before the rairoad was born, to
find out why, and how, our great public
carriers came into existence. 1t was only
a century ago that the United States was
a nation of pioneers. The people were
beginning vaguely to realize the wealth
of the country; but how to develop that
wealth was perplexing problem. 1t was
obvious that it must depend altogether
upon transportation facilities.
The principal modes of transportation
in those days were the rivers, lakes and
canals. Canals had proved to be sue
cess in England and other parts of the
old world; consequently they were adopted
in this country. One of the greatest
achievements towards the development of
transportation in the building of canals,
was the construction of the Erie canal
from Albany to Buffalo, N. Y, connecting
the Atlantic tidewater with the navigable
Great Lakes. Other canals were built for
hundreds of miles and invariably estab-
lished their value in the first stages of
their operation. But they proved to be
very expensive things, being constantly
in need of extensive repairs to keep them
in order. The invention of the steamboat
was in way boon to canal and river
traffic, but this water transportation alone
was inadequate for the proper develop
ment of such a vast expanse of territory.
The waterways were not extensive enough
to serve the whole land; and another
serious drawback was that they were fro
zen over during the winter months, max
ing them absolutely useless.
1t was obvious to some of the far
sighted and more progressive men that
the canal and river was not the ultimate
way of solving the problem of the inter-
nal development of the country. In time
these men turned their attention to roads.
They had heard about the success of the
English railroad; roads with a track of
wooden rails, upon which especially con-
structed wagons were drawn by horses.
These kind of new roads were then tried
cut in this country, being used chiefly for
hauling coal from the mines to the near
by cities. But the railroad industry was
The mirror., 1923-05-31
CANONS ON FIRE
Selected

nETROLEUM- rocks, ca
~ pable of being set on fire, are not
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
WOMEN TO TEST
PARTY STRENGTH

Strength of the two major political
parties among the League Of Won
en- Voters will be shown this eve
ming when the State president Of the
organization will be elected
The Democratic faction is support
ing Mrs Christian I2vy Of Corners
Vile and Mrs. Isaac Born, while the
Republicans are working for Mrs
Thomas Arthur Carlisle Of TT Wayne
Resolutions were passed by the
convention today making the fifty
fifty" bin one Of the main pieces Of
work Of the league in the coming year
and the promotion of world peace and
the war prevention campaign one Of
the chief themes of study.
The living cost committee was
asked to work Immediately and report
through the league on the threatened
raise in sugar, which was designated
as coming from mo natural economic
causes" A resolution deploIing the
number of crime stories and asking
editors to consider their effect also
was passed
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
WORKERS SPEED
HOSPITAL DRIVE
Organization Continues as
Goal Looms.

The campaign for the James Whit
comb RileyHospital for Children was
given impetus today when additional
pledges Of $4,000 were reported at a
meeting OF workers III the downtown
and factory districts at the Chamber
Of Commerce. Almus G. Ridden. Ma
rlon County chairman, presided
With the wholo-nearted help com
ing from ministers. groups Of WON
en-, employers. labor organizations and
individuals GENERALLY. the campaign
now seems assured Of success" Hugh
Mex. Landon, president of the Riley
Memorial Association, said.
Organization of factories and bust
ness houses is continuing throughout
the city. Miss Natalie Brush presi-
dent Of The Junior League. and in
charge of hospital booths In banks
and hotels Of the city, has reported
on 5000 pledge and three 100 pledges,
besides a number Of smaller gifts.
Charles A. Hunt Of JeffersonviIle.
Third district chairman. says that the
active campaign in the ten counties
of that district win start Sunday.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
Recognition of Mexico Now Lies
in Hands of President Oregon

covering this specific point Obregon
objected. but replied that an organic
act OF the Mexican congress con
STRUNG the article tn question would
be in order This proposed act. when
passed. did not even touch on the
point in question.
It will be necessary for Mexico
either 20 submit a satisfactory treaty
covering the point at issue or for the
Mexican congress to pass a satfsfac-
tory organic act. merely guaranteeing
protection 70 The property wired by
Americans. on which there was on
question Of title prior to May. 1917.
Great Britain. France and Spain are
ready to follow suit if the United
States recognizes the Obregon gov
eminent.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
BY W. n. PORTERFIELD
Times STAFF Correspondent

VXTASHTNGTON, May 3.-Recog
wv milton Of Mexico negotiations
for which are to be renewed
by the two governments shortly, is
now wholly up to President Ohregon 3
administration. The chief bone OF
contention IS the construction Of
Article twenty-seven Of the Mexican
constitution. adopted May, 1917.
This constitution contains some
very advanced ideas on labor. capital.
Government ownership. suppression
Of the churcr etc with all of which
Secretary Hughes has repeatedly de
Clared this Government has nothing
10 do. the Mexican people being a
sovereign people. have a perfect and
tnalienable right TO organize and live
under any form OF government they
choose.
Our Government states categorical
~ in its conversations with the Mexi-
can government that It has no in
terest in protecting the claims Of an
American concession OF property
alleged to be owned By Americans
where there is tLa slightest question
as to title. But. on the other hand
If Mexico is to be recognized as a
member Of the family Of nations. 1t
must not conflscate the property OF
private owners where such property
titles had been recognized by the
Government prior to the adoption of
the constitution.
The Carranza government was REQ
oenized on its promise that such
titles would be protected. but imme-
diatiely upon such recognition. con
Gscation of properties was carried out
When Obregon came into power the
State Department suggested a treaty
between the two presidents TO BE-
ratified by the respective CONGRESSES.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
LOCAL DRUGGISTS
PASS STATE EXAM


Thirty-hvo indianapolis men are in
the list of SUCCESSFUL APPLICANTS for
registered and assistant pharmacists.
the State board Of pharmacy an
.nounced today
indianapolis men. with registered
rating August D Borley William
: Ankenbrock Fred w. Kruger,
Glenn L. Kennedy. Edward J. Meunier.
Flavius L. Ulery and Henry S. Wash
burn.
Those granted assistants certif.
Gates. Hihbard o Ball, Robert w
Hertz. George f. Barrett, Ernest D.
Armea. Charles Il Barclay, H. D. Biz
kenruth, Alden Copeland Merrill G.
Christie Donald Demaree, Delmer
Potts. Lawrence l.. Jackson. Carl r.
Kcl, Clarence r Kale, J. Wilbur
Keitzer. Harry c. Moore, Charles w.
Magness. Harry Il. Moore, Pierre s.
Morgan, Herschel d. Nelson, Hugh D
ODaniel. William S Potter John r
Parrish. Charles e. Stephenson. Rich
ard c. Teeter. r. S West, David w.
MCGUIRE Harold Wnkens and Dwight
NJ Whitcomb
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03

the progress made in the treatment OF
tuberculosis. and the recent develop
ment in the field Of the preparation OF
vaccines to render higher animals and
man immune from the action Of bao
terra.
Who wrote the following of to
baocO:
'PeTntciOus weed. Whose scent
the fair annOys,
Unfriendly TO sOciety's chief joys:
Thy worst effect Is banishing for
hours
The sex whose presence civilizes
ours
COwper in Conversation
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
INDIANAPOLIS MAY BE
1924 CONVENTION CITY

Spencer is Recommended for Presi-
dency Of Teachers
B Times Special
BLOOMINGTON. Ind, May 3.--Indi-
annapolis was recommended by the
nominating committee today as tho
convention city for 1924 of the Indiana
Music Teachers Association.
Arnold Spencer. Indianapolis. was
named president by the nominating
committee Of the Indiana Music Teach
ers Association in its forty-sixth an
nuaI convention here today. Other
nominations were; Mrs. Minnie Kim
ball Greencastle, vice president; Lee
McCauley, Bloomington. secretary:
Mrs. Myra Gerdan, Logansport, treas
urer
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03

ny W 4 Service
Jew YORK, May S.-"We have
~ our simple choice, league or
war"
This is the declaration Of Irving
Fisher. the Yale economist. and au-
thority on international affairs. In his
hew book, League or War" which
will be put on sale by Harper &
Brothers May = Fisher continues:
ITO be specific, the United States
should enter the league for many
reasons Of selftnterest, namely:
Il To keep foreign market for
our farmers and manufacturers
80 To enable Europe to pay some
Of its debts to the United States.
80 To maintain our greatest in
ternational asset, international good
will.
- To avoid the need OF a costly
Navy and Army
IS. To avoid wars which would in
jure and probably involve ourselves.
The Alternatives
The last reason Is the biggest
spective. it seems so far of as to bs
the smallest We need the league to
escape world war.
III we choose the league we In
America can have peace and pros
pertty through the ages The other
alternative is too horrible TO coutem-
plate"
Fisher recounts the tremendous toll
Of the World War-Sl6s, 600 900 900
in money. uncounted billions Of dol
lars worth Of devastation: on land and
sea. 10000, 900 soldiers Killed SO. 600
600 civilians sacrificed. deterioration
Of morals and morale. Of health and
racial WBor-and he asserts:
90 The next war win probably cost
more in every ono Of these ways In
that war not soldiers only but help
less women and children viii DO
asphyKLated by the newly invented
gas bombs 10 be dropped from the
sky. Whole cities ike New York win
have their inhabitants put to death
by this method and its buildings set
on fire by other gas devices.
World Suicide
The next world war means the
suicide Of the world.
This IS not tho Kind Of a nightmare
that we have in our dreams II Is a
nightmare Of broad daylight
1T simply represents the hard oold
facts Of modern warfare az thus far
developed without any guessing as to
the further developments which fu-
ture military science hos surely In
store for a world so blind as to coun
tenanCe war.
To destroy war has become a
necessity. No other interest can he
allowed to hold It back Either ciN1
lizauon must destroy war or war vial
destroy civilization
"One Of these alternatives leads us
through the League Of Nations to a
world Of peace. justice and prosperity.
The other leads us through war to n
world of death and destruction. Which
shall II be? League or war;
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
Meetings Here
Friday

American Railway Association
Convention everin.
State History Teachers Asso-
citation OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Boy Scouts Executive Confer
enoe. Luncheon-Iinooln-
Indiana Child Welfare Associa-
ton, noheon--Llncoip.
American Institute Of E1eotri-
cal Engineers. DinneI-Spink-
Arms.
Exchange Club. Luncheon
Lincoln.
Optlmists Club. Luncheon
Claypooi.
Woman's City Club, Luncheon
Seventh floor c. Of c.
Delta Tau Delta Luncheon
Board Of Trade.
knights Of Columbus Lunch
eon-Spink-Arms
Industrial Leaders. Luncheon
Seventh floor G. OF @.
T.aymen's League. Luncheon
Seventh floor G. of G
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
RICH AND POOR
GIVE LAST DOLLAR
TO AID SAUNDERS
Memphis Citizens Rally to
Save Grocery Clerk From
Bankruptcy,


MEMPHIS, Tenn. May 3.--Clarence
Saunders, Piggy Wiggly magnate,
was just a plain grocery clerk again
today TO hundreds Of the home town
folks who rallied to his aid in the
greatest financial crisis Of his sensa-
tional career.
Five hundred men and women. wor-
shippers Of the millionaire grocer who
recently fought Wall Street TO a stand
still, but who admits now the street"
has him backed to the wall, rallied
to Saunders aid and pledged their
moral and financial support to save
him from bankruptcy
Memphis citizenship. rich and poor
alike, pledged their last dollar to save
Piggy Wiggly for Memphis and the
South.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
On the Heights
Pv RERTON BRALEY

BY BERTON BRALET
&OONER or later. they say, dear lass
~ The fervor and fever Of love must pass;
And the maddest of lovers viii settle down
Out in the country or in the town,
To hum-drum living and routine bliss
And maybe, come day, we'll come 20 khisi
Faithful. loyal through good or III,
But sensing never single thrill
OUCH is our destiny so they say.
y Such Is ever the human way
For the heart can't always maintain beat
As swift the thought of you brings me
sweet,
And Time of Youth q subtle thief
And high romance is & Glamor brief.
II thst be true-and it's doubtless So
Let's seize our moments before they so
For now-you're a song on the air afoat
4 flame in my heart and catch N my
throat.
And all the magic Of land or sea
Is your ench antmCnt cast over me.
II we must des end from the heights IN time
Well now. at least there are heights tc
climb
Let the old world wrinkle its cynical brow
But oh it's great in the clouds Just nOwl
Copyright 1928, NEA Service. Inc.l
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
FARMER AND
HIGH WAGES
IS PROBLEM
Watered Capital and Labor
Cost Figured in Freight
Rates.
BY HERBERT QUICK.

TT He majority Of the regular writer's
who claim TO be speaking for
the farmers take the ground
that high wages in our industries are
bad for the agriculturist. They cay
that high wages in factories result In
high prices for machinery, farm sup
plies generally. and for clothing They
assert that high wages for railway
men are the cause Of the necessity for
high freight rates.
Water Not Cause
One influential farm paper states
that while there is the sum of seven
billion dollars Of water in the capital
zation Of the railways. that this wateN
is not the cause Of high freight rates
Fifteen per cent of the high freight
rates. it states, can be blamed on this
watered capital but the other SIS per
cent must be charged to high wages.
Its figures are mysterious
The interest on this water II paid
at the legal rate, would be over four
hundred million dollars a year. II
this is only Is per cent of what high
rates, the labor cost would be over
two and a half billions year-which
is about the same sum labor gets
There is another side to this The
main product Of the farmer is food.
OF all foods wheat is the one that is
last subjected TO the demands Of
economy. When people are poor, they
give up meat, fruits. vegetables and
dairy products before they scr1mp
themselves on bread.
Wheat Consumption Drops
Yet. according to the joint commits
sion Of agricultural inquiry-Sidney
Anderson S commIssion-durin the in
dustrial depression it examined into.
our per capita consumption Of wheat
dropped from 69 bushels per capita
10 80 bushels. This is a decrease in
the demand for wheat Of almost 4
third This alone was enough to
leave a surplus on hand-and it Is the
surplus that kills prices.
Nothing more dramatically proves
the dependence OF the farmers on a
public Of working people who have
the money with which to buy. than
these figures.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-05-03
Court Procedure Is Tonic

procedure in Justice Of Peace
Court is the topic of Justice Edward
L. Det2 who viii speak for the Credit
Education Committee at the weekly
luncheon of the Indianapolis Associa-
ton Of Credit Men Thursday at the
Caypool Frank Slupsky. director of
the education committee. has charge
of the meeting.