davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
Feed and Exercise Are
Important to b ID Soy

The brood SOW needs ", e5y in her
feed and exercise. In experiments
conducted at the North Dakota Agri-
cultural college. under the direction Of
Professor Shepperd, 1t was found that
sows will readily eat alfalfa hay. and
that when this Is fed with mixture Of
about half barley and half shorts at
the rate Of two and one-half pounds
daily for 2OO-pound SOW, splendid re-
suits have been secured. Equal parts
Of barley, oats and bran or shorts also
make a very good feed.
Exercise is also very important. It
was found that the best way to give
the grain feed was to sweep the floor
clean and scatter the grain feed on 1t.
This results In the sows spending
hours on their feet getting their feed.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
THE RED LOCK

6YNOPSIS.-On the banks Of
the Wabash stand Texie Colin
and Jack Warhope. young and
very much in love. Texie is the
only daughter of old Pap Simon.
rich IT an and money-lender. Jack
Is the orphan bound boy of Pap
Simon. who had foreclosed a
mortgage on the Warhope estate.
At first Texie and Jack talk sadly
Of Ken Colin. the girls missing
brother. Then Jack says that in
ten days his servitude will be
over. that he will ride out into
the big world to seek his fortune.
Both know what that will mean
to them. Texie and Jack talk of
the red lock of Red Colin" in
hersted by Ken. And Jack says
he's coming back as soon as he
finds gold In California. Then
arrives the new preacher, Rev.
Caleb Hopkins. Pap Simon intro
duceA the villagers to the new
preacher. who was a college mate
of Ken.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
Just What He Wanted.

The golfer was just getting ready
to drive off at the first tee when all
of a sudden he paused in his swing
and put his hand into his pocket.
After fumbling about for a minute
or two he drew out a handful Of CT
gars and. approaching the caddie, he
asked:
do you smoke, sonny7"
The boys eyes glistened as he noted
the fine cigars and with an eager
smile he answered:
Il should just think 1 do, sir"
TN that case" said the golfer as he
walked away, Il think I'll carry them
myself"
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19

than the pigs from the cornfed sows.
Alfalfa or clover hay are good feeds
to furnish protein and bulk. A liberal
supply of mineral matter must also be
supplied in the form of salt, soft coal,
lime or wood ashes.
Exercise is also an important factor.
1t does the sows good to run all winter
in the cornfleld or be obliged to go a
considerable distance from the sleeping
quarters for their feed. The inactive
SOW is usually constipated and feverish
at the time of narrowing, and most Of
the trouble encountered at this time
can be traced to lack of exercise and
faulty rations.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
"But Amt he some locker
Barrin' that KILN rig he's hob
bled up ln2"
tTO BE cONTINUED.)
Strange Monaghan Whisky.

4 kind Of whisky known as afrik II
distilled from mares milk by the ma
tives of Mongolia. This milk. which Is
thicker than cows milk, has sort OF
sour taste even when fresh. After be-
ing allowed to stand for several days
It attains the consistency Of buttermilk.
Then 1t is put into huge pot and
covered with what looks like a barrel
with both ends knocked out. The YES
sci is suspended In the middle of the
barrel, a kettle Of cold water is set ON
the top. and after a few minutes OF
boiling In this primitive still the mill
10 changed into pure spirit.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
FEEDING Wh,at to Hous.

To feed wheat most economically to
hogs it should be coarsely ground or
rolled. Grinding adds from 16 per cent
to % per cent to Its feeding value
Soaking before grinding adds some
but the amount Is questionable
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
Wheat Is Apt to Cause
Digestive Disturbances

When fed to horses, in large quanti-
ties, wheat Is apt to develop digestive
disturbances and also cause skin erup-
lions. The best plan to follow in CIV
ing the grain to horses 10 to feed In
moderate qualities only. Grind 1t
coarsely and mix with some other
bulky feed like bran or chopped hay
or straw.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
Clean Up Hog House.

See that the lot surrounding the hog
house is disinfected and cleaned up.
Put in new bedding and window lights
If any happen to be broken, also no
tice that none Of the ventilators are
closed up.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19

Jim Higgins was paying his first
visit to the country and so 1t naturally
follows that this was also his first
visit TO a farm.
On the first morning of his visit he
breakfasted with the family on cold
pork.
The city fellow Immediately pro-
ceeded to cut off the rind and then
placed it on the side of his plate.
The farmer noticed this and, looking
up, he remarked:
"We all eat the rind here, jim"
THAT'S all right" replied Jim. II
am just getting mine ready for you'll"
A perfectly well man may possess an
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
century-oId Woman Astronomer.

One of the most remarkable women
living in England is Mrs. Thomas Sly
an, who recently celebrated her one
hundredth birthday anniversary. and
who is still an active astronomer. Each
night she studies the sky through her
servatiOnS-
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19

In mineral wealth, according to hes
area. Mexico is reputed to rank frs
In the whole world
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
"CASCARETS" FOR LIVER
AND B0WELS-10c A BOX

Cures Biliousness, Constipation, Sick
Headache, Indigestion Drug stores. Adv,
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19
Only the Best INGREDIENTS

are used in Brandreth Pills. For con-
stipation they have no equal. Take
one or two at bed time.-Adv.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1923-12-19

A perfectly well man may possess an
invalid better half
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
FL Consul de Venezuela.
continuation de la pagina 81

bLlan por Ell exterior, lie haya entrado
ell lirismo insolente de presenta-se en-
una Asamblea denigrar sin ning1n de-
recho de un Gobierno acreditado ante
las naciones cultas y respectable por su
independencia economical en- ell conc1eI-
to de los pueblos.
La actitud, tanto del "extraho Y fe-
derativo discurridor'', como la de los
''raquiticos'' enemigos del Gobierno
Constitutional de Venezuela, envuelve
una falta de respeto al Gobierno Ame-
ricano que no necesita que ningun ''ac-
cidentado' en- la vida politica de un
pueblo venga a darle lecciones en- una
epoca en- que ell iiustre presidente Hard
ing saludo de Saba la Administrator
del General Juan Vicente Gomez.
Es una falta de respeto al Gobierno
de Norte America que tiene su Minlstro
en- Caracas, hombre serene y sin vacila-
clones que sin salirse de la orbita que
le demarca ell Derecho International
las Leyes de la Diplomacia, esta al
corr;ente de 10 que esta Repubdca co
rresponde en- aquella Republica. Los rs
tados Unidos del Norte que tienen con
Venezuela una amistad firme y concre-
ia. no dan acceso opiniones de perso-
mas que po alguna causa andan por Ell
extranjcro fraguando toda clase de ma-
jaderias.
Han Ilegado va al colmo los enemi-
gos de la Patria. El Gobierno de MeJl-
CO rompe violentamente sus relaciones
con ell de Venezuela y los malos yene-
Tolanos que andan por estas tlerras Sc
hacen mejicanos van confundirse
con los muchcachos de las escuelas dc
la ciudad azteca para ir por las Gales
dando gritos. olvidando el GLORIA AL
BRAVO PUEBLO, destrozando la Bar
dera de CARABoBo para seguir la vio-
Iencia de un Gobierno, cantar un him
no extrafio ponerse de rodillas. Pc
ro ell Gobierno de Venezuela slgue
avaate como dijo iltimamente el illus
trado Jefe de su Cancilleria: nj PRO
VOCA, Nj TEME.
Firme Ell Gobierno Constitutional az
Venezue a. fuerte sobre la base de gra
nito cue lie ha tornado ell laborioso p1e
bio venezolano la autentica honrades
de su Administrator, procediendo oe
acuerdo con los dictados de la justicia
conocedor del derecho y del deber, an
plio en- sus ideas y serene en- sus oplnio
mes, no lie preocupa la insolencla de III
extran jero que de el denigre sin nlngili
derecho, nj tampoco la TRACTION de uno'
cuantos venezolanos que derrotados pc
indtiles v no encontrando va como ofel
der oil alma procera de la Patria 81
p-egentan hoy clavando cl traSico pi
nal de Epialtes en- Ell noble corazon OF
ella.
Agradeciendo I'd. dar cabida en- la
co,umnas de su ilustrado diario estf
carta me suscribo su amigo y aprecia
der,
Hugo FoNsECA RIvAs.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
Para personas eIegantes

Millones. de personas en- ell
nundo entero usan Pepscdert.
Las perscnas cuidadosas de no
menos de so naciones 10 han adop-
tado, principalmente por consejo
de especialistas dentales. Las per-
sonas elegantes-que deseen tener
los dientes mas limpios y mas
blancos - nunca prescindiran de
ella.
Envfe ell cup6n y recibira un
tubito para 10 dias. Note que linn
pios Sc sienten los dientes despues
de usarlo. Observe la auScncia de
la pelicula viscosa. Yea como los
dientes sc emblanquecen a rnedida
que desaparece la pelfcula.
En- una semana tendra I'd. una
nueva idea de 10 que significa la
iirnpieza de la dentadura. LIE
senalara, tanto I'd. como los
suyos, el camino hacia una nueva
era dental. Recorte el cupon ahora
rnisro.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
FLoREs NATURALEs

lQuiere I'd. eonseguir Hermosos
Bououetsf Bonitas Coronas , OtrOs
trabajos Artfsticcs en- flores naturar
lest Lame al teiefono 300 Santures,
(Stop 20, Martfn Penal y sara aesn-
siH, mr. - Sra ISAREI PA RGA
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13

mento que habia descubierto ell remedlo
verdaderamente efcaz contra la lepra
tratando de veneer otro enemigo.
Los resultados de las aplicac1ones de
esa formula 132 hechas por Ell doctor
j. Hasson, fueron tan hermosos, que
merecieron ser comunicados por prime
ra vez Paris ell 20 de octubre de
1922. Desde entcnces los ensayos Sc
multip- icaron. Los profesores Balina y
Aberastury, de Buenos Aires, ell me-
dico Robineau, Ell doctor Chartres, de
Marsella al Professor Gougerot. de Pa
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
LAS MoMIAs DE Gel TEMPO
EN- RIDICULo

continuation de la Sra. pag)
plena absolute de todo cuanto dlJo
Ell MUNDO, dice asi, y Sc la recomen-
damos al Sumo Pontifice tutankamenl-
CO del peri6dico de la seccion mas
acknowledgements irresponsible del pals:
Escribe ell senior Barce'6:
LA CoMIsIoN:
A1n no Sc han reunido los miembros
de la Comis.on que ha de If a Wash
ington. de acuerdo con la resolucion
nnmero dos La Comisi6n debe estar
ALI antes de la aperture del Congreso,
segun 10 expresa la misma resolution
la ultima OCCASION que tiene de en-
barcar para estar ALI antes de ese mo-
mento es la del vapor "Puerto Rico"
que sale ell 28, va que antes no podra
ser causa de la fiesta que Sc va
celebrar en- Ponce ell 25 con motive de
la Inauguration de la estatua de nues-
tro feneeido lider Maestro Muiloz
Rivera.
Los concentrates que hace Ell ITEM
POI hoy en- su ''Politica menuda' So
bre este viaje de la Comisi6n y los
propositos del jefe de la "Uni6n'' en-
relaci6n con 10 que el llama ''las bru-
ierias del peri6dico adivino ''El Mum
do, estan a la altura de slls acostum-
bradas ridiculas elucubraciones.
Cualquiera que no fuera "El ITEM
POI conozca Ia resoluci6n, sabe, sin
que Sc 10 digan, que la Comision no
puede demorar SUI salida mas ALA del
28. Aiin asi no podra negar a Wash
ington antes del cuatro de diciembre,
que es cuando Sc abre ell Congreso.
Lo que parece cada vez mas cier-
to, es que los dos grupos CoLONIA-
LES de ''El TEMPO y"The Times
no les convene que la resoluci6n ten
ga Ell exito que todo Ell pals desea,
porque para clos, y para sus fines, 10
tinico que convene aqui es un gobierno
COLONIAL, eterno, que permita ell
prevalecimiento de los menos sobre los
mas.
La eterna momia. -.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
Der11uestreles
Los efectos de este nuevo xnetodo

cula. Por esto, Esando los an
tiguos metodos, pocos ehldfan los
males de Ia dentadura. Los diem
ties hermosos Sc veian antes con
menos frecuencia que hoy.
Dos metodos deocubiertos
La ciencia dental, tras largas
investigaciones, descubrio dos me-
todos para destruir la pelicula.
Uno la coagula, el otro la elinina,
v sin restregar los dientes con in
gredientes r1apaEtes y periudi-
ciales.
Conpetentes cspecial;stas COM
probaron la eficacia de estos me-
todos. Entonces los dentistas de
todo el mundo priacipiaron re-
comendar su uso.
Sc ha perfeccionado una nueva
pasta dentlfrica, basada en- las in
vestigaciones cientificas modernas.
Su nonbre es Pepsodent. En- ella
estan incorporates aquellos dos
grandes destructores de la peli-
cula para uso diario.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13

ris otros, han llevado a Estrasburgo,
los mas b-i lantes res~ltados de sus nu-
mercsas experiencias.
En- 1922 Ell Professor Jeanselme pudo
decir: mo nos atrevemos asegurar
todavia que la lepra Sc cura por el 1a2
Pcmeret''. Este ano, en- Estrasburgo to
dos los cspocialistas han afrmado la ex
cclenca de este nuevo remedio solo o
asociado con- otros tratamientos.
Sc trasa de un medic terapeutico
bastante delicado de manejar,. que no
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
Hay que combatir la pelfcula

Los dientes sucios y la nayorfa
de los males dentales Sc atribuyen
ahora la pelfcula. Hay que COM
batirla para evitarlos.
La pelfcula es esa capa viscosa
que I'd. siente. Sc adhere los
dientes, penetra a los intersticios
y ALI permanece. Las manchas la
descoloran, y despues forma capas
negruzcas y sucias. Ell sarro pro-
viene de la pelicula.
Retiene tambien substancias de
alimento que sc fermentan y for
man acidos. Mantiene los acidos
en- contacto con los dientes, eau
sando la carries. Los microbes Sc
reproducen en- ellarpor millones,
estos, con ell sarro son Ia causa
principal de la piorrea.
Las pastas dentifricas corrientes
no combaten efcazmente la peli-
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13

pueda suministrarse sino bajo la estr1c-
ia vigilancia del medico.
Ell 1s2 es muy toxico, pero provoca,
sin embargo, vivas reacciones. Ell cur
so de la cura puede seguirse de cerca,
porque la lepra de una reaccion de Bor
-Wasterman.
Sc puede, pues, proclamar victoria a
voz en- cuello. ia lepra ha sido venci-
dal Els un hagelo menos para la pobre
humanidad.
DR.. Pierre LOUIS REHM.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13

mente los zcidos causantes de la
carries.
Multiplied tambien el digestive
del alrnidon en- la saliva, que di-
gie1e los depos tos amilaceos dc
la dentadura, cue, al fermentarse,
forman acidos.
Esos son los dos grandes pro-
tectores naturales dc la dentadura.
A cada aplicacion de Pepsodent
Sc acrecienta su efecto.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13

No hay madre que desee que sus
hijos sufran 10 que ella haya su-
frido de la dentadura.
ENSEMBLES el nuevo netodo para
limpiar los dientes. Muestreles la
belleza, blancura hygiene que lie
imparte a los dientes. O dejeles
que ellos hagan esta prueba, y vean
sientan por 81 nismos los resul-
tados.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
Ell PRINCIPE HEREDERO Sc
ESPERA TARDE EN- OELS

BERLIN. noviembre IL. (United
Press) - FL Kronprinz Sc espera esta
tarde en- oels. Sc ignora la hora en-
que llegara alli
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13
Sus nuevos efectos

Pepsodent produce adernas otros
efectos que analitlcamente sc han
denaostrado esenciales. Multiplied
la alcaIinidad de la saliva, que
sirve para neutralizar constante-
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-11-13

~ QUIERE I'D. SALIR SATIS-
FECHO? ENTIRE EN-
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-11-07
Absolute Elimination Of Malaria County Demanded

sickness and suffering. Since Sept,
LIST. Mr.. Hamp Jennings who reg
ularly inspects his place, turning
out standing waters, empting his
horse troughs, etc, but who lives
right at the Bryan'ts pond, doctor
bill is $1,000 from malaria con-
traeted by his wife, besides a moth
er in bed week end all the other
members Of his family having to
take quinine.
Between fifteen hundred and /
two thousand miles have been COW
cred this month in this work. Dr.. |
! Branham using my old car in the
/ absence of better cne, and his to-
tai expense for the month to do
this work which includes his board
at $1,000 week, his laundry and
the quinine bought by us, oil, gas,
etc, is S196.09. There is distrib-
uted among school children of this
amount $21.34 of quinine, when
this is gotten back it still will leave
$174.75. Our allowance for this
month has been paid by Mr.. Watts
$4,000. That leaves us $24.75 in
money paid out of our pocket Sove
| the amount donated by the county,
and our months work thrown in.
We are anxious to see this work
succeed but not to this extent We
told you this summer that the work
was begun too late to accomplish
= much, just as the man farming
= with grass higher than his cotton
: but now the time is right to dc
= Anti-Malarial work; the ponds are
dry, the farmer has no work urgent
and as a rule has to keep up his la
Dor and feed them, no mosquitoes
breeding now, and it is the real
J. time to do our work. Enough work
e has beene done to assure us that
t results can be gotten far in excess
J, OF the amount spent and it's useless
7 to wait until spring When the Mos
t quitoes are Matching by the mil
+ lions ponds full of water, grass
: growing and every body head over
i heels in work.
1t Now, gentlemen this matter has
, been presented to you all conscien-
/ tiously with no personal gain in
view. The figures used are most
d conservative, the matter is up tc
e you. We have the goods and can
d deliver if you wish them | will
c gladly go with any member or all
the commissioners to verify any
q statement made or furnish thi,
honorable body with any informa
e tlca you may desire, and we are
}. not asking you for anything on tn,
|. last month. We undertook The
job in order to get the desired in
J. formation that you may see.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-11-07

Leslie, New Era, Pleasant Grove,
and some of the city schools have
been visited and lectured to and
the Leslie school of over> two hum
bred examined with view of de-
termining the amount OF malaria
which has been estimated in the
Leslie school as we'll as the Thomp-
son school Of over 20 per cent.
However this is a low estimate. We
purchased quinine at 60 cents per
ounce and distributed it among the
school children, and farmers and
their tenants. Quinine here sells
for $1.25 per ounce. The differ
ence being used to induce the peo-
pie to take it, and furnish to their
tenants who were possibly already
in debt.
Committees and members Of the
various civic clubs have invited US
before them, and have been over
and discussed with interest this
work. The doctors without an ex-
ception are for it. We appreciate
the doctors more than other owing
to their position to see the great re-
suit and urgent need of this work.
DR.. Wood of Leslie stated to me
that no malaria had occurred in
Leslie due to the Anti-Malarial
work in the town, of this summers
clean up and weekly emptying
their cans and little drainage done,
except a small number of cases
traceable to q fishing trip or camp
ing out, and that they were just
delighted. He also states that its
the talk. of people ald tenants
around that part of the county, chat
Mr., Earnest Statham's farm is not
sick lgssa INC 9he's done ditched it.
Dns0rih Dixons farm near Coun.
ellis Old MIL there were four fans
lilies sick with malaria up and down
or month or an1aress,gI sseIeeteA
the middle located family of the
four WiJh nine sick ones, and toll
them that for five dollars worth
Of medicine if they would take it
would get them ali up and keep
them we'll this seasc Eight Of the
nine took the medicine to begin
with 1T the end of four days, eight
were up and the one having a chill
every other day, then he fell in line.
kere are tkea results. Four of the
family were Of working age, three
Of school age, two under school
age, the four working people haa
lost three weeks. Mr., Dixon paid
them Is cents a day, which was
loss to this family in dollars OF
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-11-07
ROTARY AND KIVANIS
CLUBS ASK FOR CASH
TO Danish N ALARIA
Both Organizations Send Dele
cations Before Commission
ers in Monthly Session
COMMERCE CHAMBER, TOO
All Urge Commissioners To
Make Adequate Appropria-
ton For Work Here

Delegations represe ating the XII
wants and Rotary clubs and the
Chamber Of Commerce appeared
before the board of county com
missioners Monday morning, urging
the Commissioners to make What
ever appropriation necessary in or
der to comepletely eliminate ma
iaria in Sumter county.
The commissioners assured me
delegations of their deepest sym
pathy and approval in the malarial
fight and took the matter under
Amusement. Some additional ap.
preparation was made DR.. j. w.
Chambliss, chairman of the health
board, in order to continue The
work he now has under WY.
Representing the chamber Of
commerce were Bradley Hogg and
George Marshall. Walter Rylan-
deer and DR.. Emmett Anderson APP
peared for the Rotary club and
Lovelace Eve, president, spoke for
the chamber of commerce.
Speaking for his delegation
Bradley Hogg said the Kiwanis un.
animously endorsed the maIarial
fight in its inception and to a man
desired the commissioners to ap-
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-11-07

$4,000, doctors bill $1,000. Total
$4,000.
The next three weeks three work
ed 10 days and earned $29.25. The
slow one to catch on six days $3.50
Total $33.75 This cost them $500.
Leaving gain for these three
weeks prior to these three of $4,000
allowing nothing for three school
children being ready for school and
the family well.
1t is impossible to get an ac-
curate estimate on draining any
ponds until surveyor can be had.
and Mr.. Ansley states that the
county has none, he estimates that
man can be had for 100000,
however my estimate in the former
budget asked for was 100000 bat
with the assistance this month of
Mr.. Ansley the Highway depart
ments Engineer the following esti-
mates were made and some but
not all of the work actually done,
yet enough to know that the esti-
mate is safe.
On the following ponds drained
or to be drained we will show the
cost of draining in one column and
the value of drained land in the
other.
Hooks pond, cost of drainage
$4,000. Two acres, value $4,000
Bowen pond, cost of drainage
100000 IL acres, value 100000.
Bryants TWO ponds, cost of drain
age, $500 8 acres, value $500.
Dozier two ponds,e cost of drain
age $4,000 q acres value $500.
Total drainage $165, total value
| $525.00.
Out of this the county spent
$25,00 to drain, estimated by Mr.
Ansley, the people spent $4,000
so it lis estimated atoleast for every
dollar appropriated by the county
that the individuals can be induced
to do. Three dollars worth, all foi
/ the good of Sumterieounty and srf
fering humanity, mind 9you these
figures are from agricultural stand
points alone to say nothing of tbs