The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1923-12-05

ly, traced with the point of the sword
the western limit of future European
Imperialism, declaring that 1--WE would
consider n attempt on their part
to extend their system to any portion
of this hemisphere as dangerous to
our peace and safety"
That is the essence of the Monroe
Doctrine, a principle which has nc
sanction in international law, but
which is dependent solely upon the
might of the United States for the re-
spect in which it is held.
At the time that doctrine was pro-
mulgated we were a nation of about
ten million inhabitants possessed Of
an army of but $500 men including
seven regiments of infantry and four
regiments of artillery, which our navy
personnel was but $500 men, the
navy consisting of eight battleships,
nine frigates first and second class,
and a number of miscellaneous small
vessels, the naval appropriation for
1928 totaling less than 49, 900.
Thus accoutered we challenged the
aggression, despotism and pursuance
Of Spain, Russia, France, Great
Britain and, in the back ground, Aus
tria and Prussia, and for a century
that challenge has failed to evoke the
last resort of nations.
The Monroe Doctrine was an off
shoot of the attempt in Europe, led
by Alexander, the MAD Emerpor,"
to set up a League of Peace, falsely
named "The Holy Alliance" support
ed by Metternich, the Austrian prime
minister and the arch-intrigant of the
century and employed by him to re-
press all tendencies to liberty and
national independence. Says John
Bassett Moore in his monumental en-
ternatiOnal Law Digest"
"The object of this league was de-
clared to be the administration Of
government, in matters both inter
nal and external, according to the
precepts of justice, charity and peace;
and to this end the allied monarchs
looking upon themselves as delegated
by Prividence' to rule their respective
countries, engaged to lend one anoth-
er, on every occasion and in every
place, assistance, aid and support In
the course of time, as revolt against
the arrangements of the treaty of
W. Io.o.,o vooo,.o xr.1oeDuooI onI
more pronounced, the alliance ceased
to wear it's originally benevolent as
pect and came more and more to as
sumo the form of a league for the
protection Of the principle of legiti.
macy-the principle of the divine right
of kings as opposed to the rights Of
the people-against the encroach
ments of liberal IDEAS"
The Holy Alliance
The Holy Alliance was original!
made up of Austria, Russia and Prus
STA, France later joining, but England
whose Prince Regent had original!
given it his informal adhesion, be
gan to grow hostile. Her own gov
eminent, with it's free and parliamen
tary institutions, was founded on
revolution" In October, 1882, the al
lies met at Verona and announce,
their determination "to repeal tn
maxim of rebellion, in whatever plac
and under whatever form it Nigh
show ITSELF" and they adjourned wit
the secret understanding that t
Franch should be assigned the tasl
of suppressing constitutional govern
ment in Spian and to restore the alb
solute monarchy of Ferdinand vi
the French invasion of Spain com
mencing in April of 1923.
The United States had formal
recognized the independence of mos
of the Spanish-American government
by 1922, but they had not yet bee
recognized by Great Britain. But tn
British had developed a large trad
with the Spanish-Americas whic
their restoration to Spain, a
was contemplated by the Holy ALI
ance, would have destroyed, so, undo
these circumstances, Canning, I'll
British Prime Minister, began to SCUM
out Rush, our Minister at Londol
as to the possibility of a joint declal
alton by the two governments againi
the Intervention of the allies in Spar
ish-America.
Canning's first letter to Rush {
the subject was written in Angus
1923. But some years before TIL
ga direct though unofficial apple
ton" had been made by the Russis
minister to the United States that v
become formal parties to the Ho
Alliance. In his instructions to Mi
dleton, our minister to Russia, Seer
kxra :