davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-02-25
1sBLOCS" RUNNING AWAY
WITHPARTY GOVERNMENT

Yates a weakness to come whining
to the government as a panacea for
every pain. instead of the healthy
and wholesome reverse philosophy of
seeing what the citizen can do for
the government.
Thus grows dependence upon gov
ernment, decline Of personal respon-
sibility, loss Of personal initiative
and ambition. Instead of striving to
put something worth while into the
world, all energies are being bent to
get the most out Of It. Instead of
Americas boasted equal opportunity
In the rivalry. of life," it is coming
to a demand for an equal division,
How Bloc System Works.
The most recent phase Of legisla-
tion, the bloc system, has been con-
spicuously illustrated by what has
transpired in Congress during the last
week. Such men as Representative
Simeon D. Fess, senator-elect from
Ohio, realize that the bloc as a by
product of democracy Is naturally
| cSAhoAS oooCo oPoA SASoPo Wanna AAA~S
be classified over specific interests.
This bloc system has injected a selfish
or sectional or group interest rather
than party interest We have seen
the workings Of the agricultural bloc,
the labor bloc, the ex-service bloc,
the anti-saloon bloc. the big business
bloc and the radical bloc, which
threatens to let US hear more from 1t
in the new Congress. Some of these
groups are Of little significance be-
cause Of lack Of influence, which is
measured not so much by the number
Of members in Congress as by the
number they represent.
Each of these groups maintains
headquarters In the capital; each sup
ports its legislative agent, who in
the older days would have been called
lobbyist" each conducts we'll Or
ganized and systematized propaganda
A bill Is drafted, hearings called for
and these agencies assemble and sup
ply the data and flood the mail with
form letters to represent pressure
from constituents.
The two greatest sources Of danger
in this modern tendency are pointed
out by Representative Fess, whose
Judgment is founded on q lifelong
Evening star., 1923-02-25
LIGHT WINE AND BEER
PLEA DUE AT CAPITOL
Memorial of New York Legislature
Foreshadows VOlstead Amendment
as Campaign Issue.

snap Judgment" on presidential can
didacies at this time. but to let them
ride until early in 1924.
Their view is that events yet to
como may shape the policies Of the
democratic party for the next presi-
Dental campaign and that candidates.
may depend in large degree upon
the policies to be developed. This
conclusion was reached by those who
hold to that view with the recrudes-
cence Of the McAdoo boom q few
weeks ago. The elder statesmen in
the party, it is said here, will try to
discourage all incipient candidacy
booms for the next few months, with
out prejudice in the long run to the
individuals concerned. Wed better
bide wee'' is their Judgment.
II those democrats and anti-ad-
ministration republicans who f1libus-
tered the merchant marine bill TO
death think they have administered
a mortal blow to President Harding
they are mistaken. Latest White
House reports have 1t that the Presi-
dent feels that he has done all within
his power to secure the legislation
needed for the salvation OF the
American merchant marine and is
willing to let the responsibility rest
with those who prevented 1t, and
have the country in sober second
thought make up its judgment on the
outcome.
y: x X
The next move for the government
is to deal with the ships now left
stranded high and dry and to try to
salvage some Of the fifty million
year in money that is now being lost
in their upkeep. It was intimated at
tho White House not long ago that
II Congress failed to provide some
relief the government would have to
take radical measures in the DISPOSE
ton Of the vessels.
The Shipping Board, which Is BIZ
partisan body, will, it is understood,
deal with the problem in the same
bipartisan and businesslike way
in which It handled the question of
legislation. The main objective will
be to save unnecessary losses to the
taxpayers and yet keep some kind
of merchant marine afioat, SO that
the carrying trade will not pass into
foreign hands completely,
X y x
In Congress this week one Of the
most important features Of the legis-
lative program will be the completion
Of a bill for relief Of the agricul-
turalists and extension Of farm
credits. There are several bills. from
different committees. pending in the
House. It is expected that one COM
posite bill, embodying the best feat
ures Of all those pending, can be
agreed upon by the House and sent
back to the Senate for speedy con-
currence.
1t is not considered likely that there
will be the remotest hint of a fill
buster against the farmers relief
bill. but that eager statesmen will
vie with each other IN expediting the
legislation.
This. too. in spite OF the fact that
a great many who Will be most
vociferous In approval believe In
their innermost minds that the farmer
already has moro credit than he can
get away with and more obligations
than he can meet
Evening star., 1923-02-25
Steel Orders Pile Up.

The plants Of the United States
Steel Corporation have again record
ed a new high record for the upward
tendency of recent months, and are
ity, which decreases production
costs, price averages are showing
new advances. Orders are swamping
mills, and future deliveries in struc-
tural steel are not promised before
sixty or ninety days. The upward
trend in prices, instead of discour-
aging buyers, has actually brought
them into the market through their
fear that by delaying longer they
would have to meet still greater ad-
yanceS,
Evening star., 1923-02-25

The recent order Of Admiral Hilary c.
Jones, commander-in-chie of the United
States fleet, calling for instruction in
the general principles Of airplane flight
and the fundamental laws Of aerody-
namics for all officers In the service. Is
declared by Secretary Of the Navy
DENLY to be perhaps one Of tho most
significant orders ever issued by a fleet
commander" and to mean that "fleet
aviation Is certain to have q very inn
portant effect in future naval cam
paign."
Writing for the special National Aero
nautic Association number Of Aerial
Age for March. the Secretary declared
"a fleet whose aviation is inferior to
that Of the enemy will operate under a
grave disadvantage. which might well
have a decisive influence on the result
Of the war"
Summarizing progress made by the
Navy dn feet aviation since the world
war. the Secretary declares that the
installation Of form of catapult on the
United States battleship deck ''is one OF
the most important developments Of
naval aviation in any navy in the
world"
eat the present moment" he con-
ttnues. "we may point with pride to the
fact that no other navy ds equipped in
any such manner, our catapults being
designed for projecting into the air any
type Of plane which fits into the tactical
and strategical use Of aircraft with the
feet"
The Secretary states that one Of the
first duties required Of feet aviation in
future wars will be to carry on recon-
notssance work over enemy bases. While
the deet IL still at great distance from
the enemy, ids feet will probably be as
sembled at one or more Of his naval
Evening star., 1923-02-25
By n. o. MESSENGER.

A T high noon next Sunday the
~ Sixty-seventh Congress will
~ breathe its expiring gasp,
give up the legislative ghost.
and memory Of 1t will live only in
the pages of the Congressional Record
and. the daily journals of the Senate
and House. -.-- .--,
1t is expected that a recess will
be taken Saturday night until a rea-
sonable hour Sunday morning, when
the two bodies will meet and indulge
IN the usual formalities Of closing
session until the clock strikes IL
and each house will be declared by
its presideing officer adjourned sine
die.
One day this week the Senate and
House will receive a memorial adopt
ed by the legislature of the greatest
state in the Union. New York, and
duly signed by Gov. Alfred E. Smith,
petittoning Congress to amend the
Nolstead act by permitting the use of
light wine and beer. The incident
will serve to emphasize In a pointed
manner the progress Of the movement
now under way in many states for
relief from the stringent prohibition
law OF the nation.
This memorial may be said to be
a mandate from a majority of the
people of New York, resulting from
the late election. when the democratic
party was swept into power by a tre-
rnendous vote. a portion Of which
was contributed by republicans who
thus expressed their approval Of the
democratic state platform which car
ricd recommendation that the Iegis-
lature send such a memorial to the
Congress.
The fact that it carried in the legie-
lature with the aid of fourteen re-
publican members of the assembly,
without whose vote 1t could not have
passed, deprives the action of the
Legislature Of some Of It's partisan
significance. In this connection, note
IS taken of the fact that coincident
with the final passage OF the memo
rial, the National Republican Club OF
New York city adopted q similar
petition to Congress.
X X Il X
Former President Wilson, it Is un-
derstood by democratic leaders at the
Capitol. when he applies his energies
to assisting in framing the next
democratic national platform. will
counsel his fellow leaders in the
party not to falter or -eauiyocate on
the light wine and beer plank, but
come out fiat-footedly in straight
word declaration favoring It
X " X y
Democrats in Congress noted with
interest the course Of the Michigan
democratio state convention In re-
framing from indorsing outrigh,
Henry Ford for the democratic presl-
Dental nomination In 1924. 1t was ex-
planned that while on the surface this
abstention from Endorsement might
look like a slap at Mr.. Ford, it should
not be so considered.
Cordell Hull, chairman Of the demo-
cratic national committee, was pres
ent at the meeting Of the state con-
veution and no doubt participated In
tho inner councils of the platform
makers. MI Hulls policy, conforming
with the views Of many other national
democratio leaders, iS not to take
Evening star., 1923-02-25

NdE theory IuaI JUSTICE can
emerge from a parliamentary
government Is one OF the
Il manias Of the Nordic peoples.
AS soon as a mans hair begins to
bleach a little on his northern Jour
ney and his eyes begin to go blue he
begins to feel tho mad urge to 90
out and vote for somebody who shall
vote for something which in turn
shall make times better in the spring.
fact. generally better in the spring
deceives us. Also we are misled by
the further fact that men. by the
mere process OF propagating their
kind and thus multiplying and cover
ing the earth, make life moro compli.
Gated. We confuse complication with
progress and are sure that the in
evitable compromises OF . crowded
world are signs that we aro daily
growing better. So we say. "Ah." In
tones Of fnality, "see what our par
liaments. congresses. assemblies. reich
stays and councils have done for us!'
Wherefore we go out and vote and
urge others to vote early and often,
even though not wisely but too we'll
And as though voting and organizing
and multiplying parliamentary gov
ernment were not enough. we proceed
to hand over to 1t everything we have
for regulation. Babies are born &C.
cording to law. fed, educated, mar
rfed, doctorcd and buried by law. And
in tho main the laws are good laws
If they survive the pragmatio test OF
observance. But q lot Of the laws
seem to be passed for the sole pur-
pose of giving the proponents Of the
law the thrill they get In the con-
contamination Of q legislative act.
Kentucky has the best child labor law
In the world-enforced BY three In
spectorsi Tho United States has q
law against combinations in restraint
Evening star., 1923-02-25
BY WILL p. KENNEDY.

~ HE legislative jam and rush
Of special interests to force
through some pet piece or
program Of legislation before
Congress shuts up shop for nine
months are emphasizing several
things to the thoughtful student of
national politics as it Is played today.
First, it shows an eleventh-hour
drive to put through many measures
without proper consideration, just for
the one reason that Congress will
not be here to grind out laws by
more orderly process. Which has
called forth the inquiry: why
shouldn't members of Congress re-
main on the job the year round, so
as to be on hand to carefully con-
slider and pass laws as emergencies
or necessity arise?" Incidentally, 1t
is commented that members OF
Congress draw their salaries by the
year, and here we see them getting
ready to go off the JOB for three
fourths Of that time.
A DeluEe OF Bills.
SeCOnQ, 6uO"S d SAo" AhS SSAo
ency to look to legislation to cure
tho Ills Of humanity. with sell
fish interests organized in groups
to compel government relief. In this
Congress there have been approx
mately $1,000 bills introduced and
more than 1000 resolutions. We have
had more than 1000 laws and resolu-
tions passed and still have several
hundred awaiting action on the CAL
endars.
Third. It shows how important q
part blocs are taking In dominating
the action Of Congress-which. in the
the final analysis, means. not gov
ernment of the people. for the people
and by the people" but government
by organized minorities.
This situation, now visualized on
Capitol Hil, is giving very serious
pause to those who have the real in
terests of the country and democratic
form Of government at heart, above
group interests or party interests.
Pack Ills to Congress.
This menacing tendency of bulking
legislation involves not only inter-
ference with the normal process OF
soonomio and social laws, but cu1u-
Evening star., 1923-02-25

Note.-1n publishing this ar
ticle by the brilliant editor OF
the Emporia Gazette, The Star
does not necessarily indorse the
views he expresses. But Mr..
White brings to the discussion
of current events a fertile mind
and an entertaining style. and
a discriminating public will
place it's own valuation upon
the opinions he advances.
Evening star., 1923-02-25

ing as It should-is not the perfect
child OF inspired political genius that
we once believed It to be.
We are losing the obsession that
parliamentary government is the end
OF oil desire In the United States. We
are unconsciously seeking limitations
upon democracy. Democracy has
generated great power. but not
enough wisdom with It's power. Talk
half an hour in Washington with any
statesman who Is at all above the
chair-warming class and he will de-
clare that Congress doesn't work.
Not that congressman do not work.
They do. and enough of them put a
fair order Of brains into their work
so that there should be wise purpose
and direction in the Job. But, how
ever warily and well congressman
work, Congress does not We have
solved SO few problems by govern
mental action In the past twenty
years that It is a real question
whether or not any real question can
be solved by legislation We have
not solved the trust problem. nor the
transportation question, nor the cur
rency tangle, nor the business OF mar
keting for the farmer, nor child labor.
nor the minimum WACO, nor any phase
Of social and industrial Justice In
which there Is real contention and
certain opposing claim or right we
have done fairly we'll with pure fooo
and the parcel post and few mat
ters in which we have extended po-
lice powers within areas wherein en-
Iightened conscience revealed old
crimes in modern guises. But are the
few solutions worth what they cost7
Why q Congress anyway
Doubtless we'll have TO put UP with
It. The thing is on our hands, but an
nually it is growing more Of an anom-
ally, more Of a nuisance.
Consider Congress q moment. Here
1t Is: A hundred senators, more or less,
and four hundred representatives
dragged in only too willingly from Of
fees, stores, farms, shops and mines;
some lettered, some selfish, some vain,
some mad, some wise men and some
fools: but all determined to hold their
places In Congress and their petty
marks of prestige In the organization Of
Congress against all comers- So before
there Is consideration Of q resolution or
measure the crazy Jungle battle for per-
sonal place and power must begin and
never end through the whole life Of the
Congress-. This nondescript group Of
citizens, related only vaguely by the
common ambition to hold on in Con-
gress, faces a measure that Is proposed
as a law. The first impulse that moves
IContinued on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1923-02-25
''AS l SEE 1T. ="
BY William Allen White.

Of trade, which Is given q Pickwickian
slant by court Interpretation which
puts the word unreasonable" before
the word restraint"
This habit Of getting almost re-
ligious consolation out of the mere
passage Of laws Is beginning to tell
tary government The world is be-
ginning to question tho efficiency Of
pafiiaments and congresses. In Eng
land the house of lords is becoming
gradually innocuous. In France the
cabinet Is being exalted In Russia
tho Dictatorship OF tho proletariat Is
doing stupidly what che dictatorship
Of tho middle class Is doing well in
Italy-abolishing the legislature by
ignoring It In China the parliament
tary assembly adjourned in pique and
for long time has remained scatter
cd and impotent. In America we
have two distinct examples of the
feeling Of dissatisfaction with the
parliamentary system. First, the rise
Of Draft and professional leagues. as
sociations. unions and federations.
with Hobbies centering in Washington
better paid than our senators and
representatives: and, second. the
strong feeling that the membership
Of the House Of Representatives Ia too
large. The more representative 1t is
the less 1t IL efficient-paradoxical
tho more representative 1t is the less
it is representative. So we question
the parliamentary system. Indeed, we
question even the grist from the mill.
Says Nicholas Murray Butler, who
cuts rather an odd figure among the
recruits to anarchy: There are laws
that lead to lawlessness' (possibly
meaning prohibition. for which he
has no taste) ''and there Is lawiess-
ness that leads to law" (referring to
Mussolinrs COUP.
\ y D
All these protests. these makeshifts,
these demands for a change of the
parliamentary system, to say nothing
Of the movement for tho initiative and
referendum and recall that function
mostly In the western United States
indicate an uneasy feeling that par
liamentary government Is not work
Evening star., 1923-02-25
Destroying Party Government.

Another specific influence Of the bloc
system that is viewed with alarm is
that 1t is destroying what we call
party government. In this country
we have been accustomed to look to
the party in power for results, and
held 1t responsible. 1t was not diff
cult to unity the majority. or respon-
sible party, for or against a measure.
This was accomplished by the caucus,
cratic than in the republican party.
In the caucus the majority ruled. and
the caucus dictated the party policy
Thus when a measure came onto the
floor it received the united support of
the party members.
Since the insurgency OF 1910, the
caucus, particularly considering the
party now in power, has been rele-
gated to the discard, and has fallen
into innocuous desuctude-no bind
ing vote is taken and unity is not
possible, for each group or member
votes his own wishes, whether with
or against his party sponsor for the
Legislation.
Here again is found another menace
to the scant majority control by re-
publicans in the next Congress. Dur
ing the last decade scarcely ever have
the republican members of the House
been found all supporting or opposing
a measure, and, on the contrary.
scarcely ever have the democrats been
divided in their support Of an admin.
|istration measure,
Evening star., 1923-02-25

study Of the history and philosophy
and economics Of government:
It lends itself to allowing q few
leaders to report their views as those
Of a large membership. In the de-
gree that membership can speak
through its leaders 1t Is both unin-
telligent and unsafe. The leaders
too frequently are circumscribed
wholly by narrow and selfish inter-
ests. Secondly. it develops a habit
Of delegating to the leaders the re-
sponsibility of the citizen, who in
stead of speaking as a citizen allows
the selfish group interest to speak.
Then, too, 1t permits the most dan
gerous log-rolling, where leaders of
various important blocs may get their
heads together-as they have been
doing during the last week-and die
tate an entire program, upon the re-
ciprocal plan, ''if you will scratch my
back will scratch yours" The saw
ing grace is that in this country we
have always had such a standard of
Independent citizen-hip that never yet
has any leader been able to vote the
membership Of the bloc.
Evening star., 1923-02-25

Continued on Third Page.)
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-07

Continued from preceding page.)
some ten pounds to man. Rice has
played Sam Houston several times
but never has Sam Houston shown
the defense she showed Saturday.
The remarkable fight of the Owls
of 1922 was not entirely there Satur-
day not that any man slumped, rath-
er that the organization was not as
perfect as it probably will be within
Il week or so. The players showed
some good stuff. Swartz proved a
sensation as usual. Hale and Camp
bell ON ends fought consistently. Sui
livan and Smith in the backfield did
good work from first to last. Others
in the backfieid and line were u Dit
spotty in their play, now very good,
now mediocre. Helm, 240-pounder,
went in at center for the second half
and played an excellent game. he
and Kendrick will have it nip and
tuck in competing for the pivot posi-
ton. Kendrick played the opening
half.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-07
ILLINOIS WINS
by 24-7 SCORE
OVER NEBRASKA
Cornhuskers More De-
cisively Defeated Than
Anticipated.
CHICAGO is PRESSED
Colorado Aggies Hold
Strong Maroons Down
to 100 Score.

Urbana, ILL.,, Oct Elm a game
featured by long end runs and hard
line plunging. Nebraska University
was defeated by Illinois, "a to z, here
Saturday.
The first quarter was scoreless.
Illinois leaped into the field in the
second quarter and during the first
few minutes of play, Grange received
punt and. with smashing interfer-
ence. ran half the length of the field
kicked and with a successful place
kick shortly afterwards. illinois en-
tered the second half with the big
end of 10-to-0 score.
Nebraska scored its only points
in the first part of the third quarter
on an Illinois tumble. Illinois scored
a touchdown.
Illinois third touchdown and kicked
goal came in the final quarter. Ne
braska's goal-line was in danger sew
eral times during the latter part of
the fourth quarter, but the Huskers
held.
Score by quarters:
Illinois ............O 10 z IA
Nebraska ..........0 0 o.
The game was unique in that it
was a severe midseason test almost
at the start of the season for both
teams. Expecting tight struggle,
more than 10000 fans attended.
Chicago Pressed to Win.
Chicago, Oct. 6.-Forced to the
limit to win, Chicago turned back
the Colorado Ageies. 10 to 0 here
Saturday. A blocked punt recovered
behind the Aggies' goal gave Chicago
a lead i'll the first quarter. The
Maroons added three points in the
second quarter with a dropkick.
Colorado played the Maroons off
their feet in the third period, twice
threatening to score. Recovery of a
blocked punt under the shadows of
their goal-line saved Chicago from
what seemed certain score.
Chicago rushed the ball in the
final quarter from mid-field to the
Aggies' .three-yard line to again be
held for downs. The play was en-
tirely in the westerners' territory in
this period