davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
IOWA GIRL MARKETS
HlGH-PRlCED STEER
Granddaughter of Famous Breed
er Of Shorthorns Gets Rec
ord Figure for Animal.

An eleven-year-old Iowa girl now
holds the record Of marketing the
highest priced steer sold on the Omaha
market this year, says the Journal
Stockman. She is Mildred Saunders.
daughter of "Chuck" Saunders, and
granddaughter of the famous breeder
who founded the well-known Saunders
herd of Shorthorns at Manila. la. The
record-priced shipment consisted Of
one eighteen-months-Old purebred
Shorthorn steer weighing 1,260 pounds
and the price 1t brought, 81, Is Is
cents higher than the highest previous
sale made at Omaha since December,
1920. The steer was given to its
youthful owner to feed in January,
this year. and buyers here had not a
single fault to find with her work. the
animal being without doubt one Of the
finest seen on the market in many a
day. 1t was brought in with carload
OF mixed cattle from the Saunders
farm, the shipment including two other
Shorthorn steers that averaged lao
pounds and were good enough to bring
S11.50. Charles Saunders, grandfather
of the housekeeping lassie. brought
In the consignment. which also in
Guided load of hogs, 81 sows that
raised total of 467 pigs last spring.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
POULTRY
|fWVVQ|
Operating "a Hours Daily With Cur.
rent at Ten Cents . kilowatt
Hour 10 Cheap.

Not only should drinking water in
tended for poultry be kept from freez-
Ing so that the hens can drink at all
times. but, according to scientific poul-
try raisers, II should also not be cold
enough to chill the birds. Both req
uisites may be provided for by the
use of this inexpensive electric water
warmer.
An ordinary pail or pan may be used
with the addition Of large tin can or
small pail for the heating unit. II
made of galvanized iron. the parts will
last longer. Arms riveted to the can
extend over the edge of the water pail.
Care must be taken to solder around
the rivet holes on the outside, for the
lamp contalner must be water-tight.
An ordinary metal lamp socket Is
soldered or crimped into a tin disk
large enough to cover the container.
This cover must be either tight-ftting
lid or be made to fasten with a spring
or catch.
In all but the coolest weather a 15-
watt lamp will warm ten-quart pail
sufficiently. Operating "a hours a day
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04

milk. Concrete construction. either
monolithic or block, is ideal because IL
Is permanent, vermin-proof and high
ly sanitary. Such structure should
be located with regard to convenience.
but 1t Is better that 1t be separated
from the stables to prevent the milk
from being tainted by stable odors.
A very serviceable milk house is "A
type that can be constructed with the
use of circular monolithic silo forms.
similar to the one shown In the Illus.
tration. A foundation which extends
two or three feet into the ground or
to the limit Of frost Is the first step.
The silo forms are used Just as In
making a silo, except that boards must
be set In the forms to cut out portions
Of the wall which are to form door
ways or windows Heavy reinforce
ment is not necessary, as-inch rods 20
inches on the center extending in both
directions being amply sufficient. A
conical roof can also be constructed
similar to the type that Is employed in
yilo construction. A small ventilator
In the peak Of the roof with damper
that can be opened or closed, is a de
sirable aid In getting a good circula-
ton of fresh air.
Every milk house should be provld-
ed with a concrete cooling tank, the
depth of which Is governed by the
height Of the cans; 1t is desirable to
have the cans stand submerged as
much as possible. Circulating water
through the tank and around the cans
will keep the milk cool. To tighten
the labor Of lifting and moving cans In
and out of the tank, part of ITS depth
should be below floor level, and for
the same reason, the width OF the
tank should be limited to convenient
arms reach, which Is about that of the
diameter Of two cans. The remain
der OF the floor should be covered
with concrete made In a single layer
four inches thick and troweled to
smooth surface that will not harbor
dirt
The concrete used throughout should
be OF a mixture of one part of cement
to two parts Of well-graded sand to
four parts OF pebbles or broken stone.
with the exception of the cooling tank
which has a III 3 mixture to in.
sure its being watertight.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
HANDLING GRAIN IN
SACKS VERY COSTLY
Detailed Results Of Recent Test
in Oregon Given.
Handling in Bulk 10 Becoming Unl-
versalIy Recognized az Most Eco
nomieal System and 10 GAIN
ing Rapidly In Favor.

prepared by the United States Department
OF Agriculture.)
The unloading of sacked grain from
cars requires IL times the labor used
in unloading the same quantity of
e. N. Bates and A. L. Rush of the
United States Department of Agri-
culture show. The tests also show
that the cost of unloading sacked
grain from railroad car and piling
the sacks In warehouse Is four times
as much as the cost Of unloading and
placing In bins Of an elevator an equal
quantity OF bulk grain. These tests
were made at modern terminal ele-
yator and sack warehouse In Port
land, Ore, and the detailed results
are contaised In Farmers Bulletin
300. entitled "The Bulk Handling of
GRAIN" just published by the United
States Department Of Agriculture.
The bulletin states that the handling
of grain In bulk is becoming univer-
sally recognized as the most econom-
zeal grain-handling system known.
rhe bulk handling system has long
been In use In the large grain-produc-
ng sections east Of the Rocky noun
aims, but the Pacific coast states
rave until recent years handled grain
Utmost entirely In bags. Bulk ham
ling is now growing in favor in the
'ncific coast states.
The chief advantages OF bulk han
ling are said to be the saving in the
he cost of the bags, the prevention
IF waste from leaky bags. the ease
md accuracy of inspecting the grain.
nd the convenience with which bulk
rain can be conditioned and cleaned.
The time and labor saved on the
arm by handling grain in bulk are
wen more striking than the saving
ut terminal points. the bulletin states,
giving as a reason that the handling
Of grain I'm sacks is a slow and la
borious process, and usually no me-
chanical equipment such as hand
trucks and sack-piling machinery can
be handled on the farm.
Large terminal elevators. equipped
for receiving. handling, conditioning
and delivering grain In bulk into YES
sells for export are now located at
each of the Pacific coast seaboard
markets. and many cargoes Of grain
loaded from these elevators are now
being successfully exported In bulk.
The bulletin gives the results OF In
vestigations regarding the economical
phases involved In the bulk and sack
methods Of handling grain and de-
scribes the equipment necessary for
the successful handling Of grain In
bulk on the farm. Copies of the bull
letin can be obtained free upon re-
quest to the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture. Washington,
ID. G.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
LEGISLATION URGED
FOR CREDIT RELIEF
Bernard Baruch Pleads for
Measures That Will Put Farm
ers on Equal Basis.

Bernard NJ. Baruch, financier and
formerly chairman of the war indus
tries board. recently appeared before
tho senate finance committee of the
farm bloc. consisting of Senator Ar
thur Capper, chairman, and Senators
Charles l.. McNary, w. l.. Jones. L. F.
Laid. c. A. Swanson. J. A. kendrick
and Pat Harrison, and urged them to
enact legislation that will put the
farmers on a credit equality with other
lines of business He told them that
II makes little difference what particu-
lar rural credit bill : enacted to
bring that condition about. for the
bill can be amended later on if need be.
Mr. Baruch gave it as his opinion
that any of the four bills now before
congress would give II substantial
measure of relief, but was of the
opinion that the measure finally de-
cided upon should provide three
sorts of loans and correspondingly
three sorts of short-tlme debentures
from the sale of which would be OBJ
tanned the funds for carrying the
loans (Which might amount to many
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04

times the capital of the proposed in
stitution) viz: ~ loans for facilitate
Ing the marketing of agricultural prod
ucts in an orderly manner and at dis
erection. (2) live stock loans. and (3)
loans for production purposes. The
last, he thought, should be based on
the united credit of local associations
of farmers, so that all the members Of
the group would indorse the notes of
each. He was confident that there
would be wide and ready market for
debentures or notes running from six
months to three years, because the
security would be unsurpassed. Not
only would the money centers readily
absorb such Instruments. but he was
convinced that there would be wide
market for them in the rural commu-
mites themselves. Regarding the pro-
posed federal reserve act amend
ments Mr.. Baruch. while favoring
some of them. said he thought it would
he unwlse to give farm paper a long
err maturity period than six months,
which is the present limit Accom-
modations beyond six months could
come from debenture funds.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
FINANCE RED TOP SEED POOL
Loan OF $4,000 Secured by Egyptian
Seed Growers Exchange-Like
Triple Play.

The Egyptian Seed Growers eN-
change has obtained from the War FL
nance corporation a loan of $4,000 to
finance the pool of cleaned Red Top
seed stored at Cisne, H. Manager Rob-
ert n. Clarke states that the co-opera-
ton of the local banks and the War FL
nance corporation with the growers
has resulted in adequate finance for
the Red Top seed pool which has =
100000 pounds of this years crop
stored under contract for more than l.
600 members
The American Farm bureau and the
farm bloc secured the extension of the
War Finance corporations powers IN
lend money to co-operatives the iii.
nois Agricultural ASSOCIATION extended
the service of its organization. legal,
publicity and transportation depart
ments. In promulgating the pool Of Red
Top seed; the county farm bureaus In
the Red Top district rendered localized
service In organizing the growers and
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
GREEN FEEDS FOR CHICKENS
Where Fowls Have Unlimited Range
in Summer There IL No Difficulty
Different In Winter.

prepared by the United States Department,
OF Agricultural
III the best results are to be obtained
with poultry. they must be furnished
with plentiful supply of green feed.
Where fowls have unlimited range on
farm they VIII secure green feed
during the spring and summer, but
during the winter II must be supplied
for them.
The question of how to supply the
best feed at the least cost is one that
each poultry keeper must decide large.
ly for himself. II will probably make
but little difference what kind of green
feed is supplied provided it is relished
by the fowls. Cabbages. turnips, beets,
potatoes, etc. are suitable for this pur-
rose. The larger roots and the cab
hages may be suspended by means of
wire or string or they may be placed
on the floor. In which case it would
be well to split the turnips or beets
lengthwise with a large knife. Pota.
toes and turnips should be fed cooked.
Cut clover. soaked In boiling water,
fed alone or with the mash, Is good,
say poultry specialists Of the United
States Department of Agriculture.
Glover meal and ground alfalfa make
very good feeds for this purpose.
Where the fowls are yarded and not
enough green feed is furnished by the
yards, small patch of clover. alfalfa,
or rape may be sown. Any one of
these, IL frequently moved. will fur
n!sh great quantity of green feed in
form relished by the fowls. Canada
field peas may also be sown for this
purpose. and when fed in a tender
crisp condition are eaten readily.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
DAIRY
TO INCREASE DAIRY PROFITS
Wideawaks Dairy Farmers Have Seen
Larger Demand and Are Act
inp Accordingly.

Campaigns by large dairy companies
urging the public to drink more milk
increase trade channels from the farm
to the city immeasurably. With this
increased demand, however. has come
an increased vigilance by health soci-
eties to safeguard the consumer.
Accordingly, wideawake dairy farm
ers have foreseen this condition and
have provided for marketing their
milk In q sanitary manner. Milk Ii
probably more readily susceptible to
contamination than any other food
product
In order that milk may be delivered
In a sweet. clean sanitary condition, 1t
10 essential that 1t be isolated in
cool, modernly equipped building in its
progression from the COW to the mar
ket.
A good milk house is an invaluable
aid In the production of high-quality
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
DEVELOPING HIGHWAYS SLOW
For Many Years Only Paved Roads
Were In cities-covernmen
Finally Took Hold.

County and state governments took
years to- get momentum. For years
the only paved highways were In the
cities Then ribbons Of concrete and
brick were extended through rural dis
tricts to other centers.
County and state governments took
up the cause and then the nation got
back of the movement with energy and
funds.
In 1921 approximately 5000 miles
Of concrete highways were completed
and put into service In the United
States. Pennsylvania alone built $40
miles; New York state $50 miles; H.
linois $50 miles; Michigan and Wis
cOnsin each about $40 miles; Ohio
26O miles, and other states have ac-
complished almost as much.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
! I'VE
STOCK
EASY TO MAKE sELF-FEEDERs
Devices May Be Constructed Of Any
Size Desired and With Any Num-
Der Of Compartments.

In response to requests for instruc-
tons for making self-feeders for hogs
w. H. Underwood. in Farm and Ranch.
gives the following directions, the Illus
rration giving a general idea Of what
the feeder looks like:
The illustration shows . hinged lid
made Of by 8-inch boards, one lid be
ing on each side Of the top Of the feed
er. The dotted lines show the four
compartments. three Of the compart-
ments being used for feed and the 9th
er for mineral mixture. The outside Of
the feeder is covered with common sid
ing such as Is used in house building, the
siding being nailed on the outside OF
the frame and the end boards nailed
on the outside. The frame Is made OF
2 by finch material. One by 8-inch
boards hinged at ends swing free from
about III inches from the bottom OF
the trough. The hogs root these boards
when the feed Is not coming fast
enough or when feed Is lodged on the
side Of the feeder. The troughs are
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
Decreasing Insurance Costs.

Plans to decrease the cost of in
surance on farm property have been
worked out by the Massachusetts
Farm Bureau Federation in co-opera-
ton with insurance officials of the
state Under the arrangement the
federation serves as II connecting link
between farmers who want insurance
and the insurance company, either d.
rectly or through agencies already
established. During September risks
totalng $4,000 We're written.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
WHlTEWASH is POULTRY AID
Filth, Dampness, improper Ventilation,
Poor Feeding Are Causes Of
Disease.

Prevention Is better than cure In the
poultry business as In any other de-
partment Of life. Filth, dampness, I'M
proper ventilation. improper feeding
and introducing infected birds into
the yard are common causes of dis
ease. Clean the dropping boards daily
and then sprinkle them with road dust,
coal ashes or land-plaster to absorb
the liquid excrement. New straw
should be put into the nests every two
or three weeks or oftener. especially
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
IMPORTANT CARE
+ Of LAYING HENS
High Egg Production Secured
Only by Duplicating Spring and
Summer Conditions.
SUCCUlENT FOOD IS USEFUL
Stock 6eets, cabbages and SproUted
Oats Are Especially Valuable
Epson Salts Is Most Salts
factory Substitute.

Only through careful feeding can
high egg production be secured in win
ter. and the canny poultryman has
noticed that the number of eggs car
Red out each day Is closely related to
what and how much In the way of
feed is carried In.
One important factor In the care of
birds In winter Is to duplicate, in so
fnr as possible. the natural conditions
of the regular production season in
spring and summer. Thus some form
Of green, succulent food is very use
f,h TO keep the birds In healthy con
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04

made of heavy boards. trough il on
each side with partition in the CEN
ter. The platform is made Of 2 by
pieces and heavy plank. The feeder
is II feet long. feet high and feet
wide at the top OF the compartments.
One farmer wants to know II the
feeder should be made on concrete
foundation. No. that Is not necessary.
But build It on good, solid. firm wood
foundation. and then when you want to
move 1t from one place to another you
can easily do SO with horse or mule.
About is average size hogs can eat at
the same time at the feeder shown in
the accompanying sketch. OF course
feeders may be made any size desired
and with any number Of compartments.
When you have finished making feed
er give 1t good coat of paint. II pays
to keep such things around the farm
well painted.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
ALFALFA NEEDS SOME LIME
All Legurnes Are Injured More or Less
by Acid or Sour Sois-cause
Of Failures.

The reason why so many farmers
have failed in their attempts to grow
alfalfa Is that they have sown this
crop on sour or acid land. All le-
gumes are injured more or less by acid
soils and alfalfa Is one that refuses
TO grow in soils that are only slightly
acid. An application Of lime viii cor
rect this evil.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04

IL 1t becomes damp or dirty. White
wash the quarters once year at
least, late in summer or early in the
fall.
Free range and plenty of shade,
especially during the hot days, are
necessary II chickens are to grow
rapidly and develop into vigorous
fowls. Growing chickens that have
free range find quantities of green
feed, bugs, worms and other things.
therefore require less grain, and they
are less liable to sickness or disease
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
GOOD REMEDY FOR SOREHEAD
Sits of Canvas Well Creased With
Antiseptic Hung Over Feed
Hopper 10 Favored.

Here is a new method for keeping
sorehead out of the chicken flock !:
Hang piece of canvas over the open
ing of the feed hopper. Cut Sits In
this canvas. and keep the Sits well
creased with an antiseptic salve. In
feeding. the birds get The salve on
their heads. and this means no sore
head
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
PROTEIN FOR YOUNG ANIMALS
Order That They May Thrive
Proportion Varies.

Protein Is one Of the three elements
In feeds that are necessary In order
that animals may thrive. The pro-
portion of protein In feeds necessary
for best results varies with the age
and character of the animal being
fed. For young and growing animals,
and those bearing young or producing
milk, an average Of one pound of pro-
TEN to five or six pounds Of other
constituents is about right.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
For Better Dairying.
|. Use purebred sires.

l. Use purebred slres.
.. Test all of the cows and
eliminate the poor ones.
). Keep only the heifers from
the best cows.
4. Feed well so as to secure
economical results.
s. Test for tuberculosis.
@. Produce clean product.
Z. Curry, don't curse.
8. Talk consumption of dairy
products.
2. Be up to date.
10. Work. r. Las
celles Fieldman, Colorado State
Dairy Commission.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
NEW YORK IS CHIEF MARKET
Often Quoted as Paying Highest Price,
for Early Arrivals Of Fruit
and Vegetables.

or the leading markets New York 10
often quoted as paying the highest
prices for very early arrivals Of fruits
and vegetables, but during the height
of the season Is often quoted below
the others, says the United States De
partment Of Agriculture.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04

with current at 10 cents a kilowatt
hour, the warmer will cost $50 cents,
which is worth while IL 1t adds only
two eggs day to an otherwise doubt
full cold weather production. In Sc
we're winter weather. II may even pre-
vent the loss of some of the hens-J.
II. V. in Popular Science Monthly.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
Market Analyst Employed.

The department of research an
nounees the employment of Gilbert
Gusler of the Agricultural News sery-
ice. as market analyst. Mr.. Gusler
was formerly member of the facul-
Universities of Illinois and Ohio State
university and has conducted special
market studies for the bureau of mar
kets of the United States Department
of Agriculture.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
$500, 900 Bales Pooled.

F. II. Shanks Of the American Cot
ton Growers exchange states that
100000 bales of cotton are now un-
der contract for cooperative market.
ing In nine Southern states and that
this will be increased to considerably
more than 100000 bales in 1923.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04
SHEEP ARE EASY TO DOCTOR
Hundreds Die Each Year That Might
Have Been Saved II Owner Had
Taken Little Pains.

Sheep are easiest doctored OF all
eur domestic animals. Hundreds of
sa,eep die each year that might easily
have been saved II the owner had
gone to little trouble. sheep Is
very easy to drench Why lose one?
However. the best of all medicines Is
that given for prevention.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04

dlticn and their systems In tone. Stock
beets, cabbages and eprouted oats are
especially valuable for this purpose
II no succulent food Is available Ep-
som salts fed at the rate of one pound
per 100 birds In the drinking water
about twice month makes salts
factory substitute.
Balanced Rations.
Balanced rations consist of scratch
mixture and a mash. The scratch mix
ture, usually composed of three or
more grains. keeps up the body weight
of the bird and supplies heat. The
mash consisting of ground grains or
their by-products, being high in dlgesti-
bility and rich in protein. Is more d.
rectly available for egg production.
Heavy mash consumption goes with
high production and the quantities Of
scratch grains fed are designed to be
sufficiently low TO encourage heavy
mash consumption.
The scratch mixture used with best
results ut the New Jersey experiment
station and egg-laylng stations Is
equal parts by weight of cracked corn,
'-heat and oats. This Is fed In deep
litter at the rate of from 10 to II
pounds per 100 birds.
Makeup OF Dry Mash.
The dry mash used is composed Of
equal parts by weight of wheat bran,
wheat mlddlings, ground oats, corn
meal and meat-scrap. 1t is fed in hop
pers and kept constantly before the
birds. Careful feeders watch their
birds and regulate the quantity Of
scratch so as to keep the birds in such
condition that they will be eating
r1ash eagerly with no accumulation Of
scratch grains in the litter.
Poultrymen often complain of lack
of production, when they themselves
are at fault through slipshod methods
of feeding their birds. The careful
feeder weighs or measures his feed
accurately and thus knows the
amounts and the proportions of
scratch and mash consumed.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-01-04

carrying the project through to sue
cess. Ii is like Il triple play-Ameri-
can farm bureau. to state farm bureau.
to county farm bureau--all for the
benefit of the farmer who needed an
improved method of merchandising his
crop.