The Penn's Grove record., 1923-07-13
DYE MAKERS BREAK GERMANS
MONOPOLY
United States Now Supplies 93.5 Per
Cent of Dyes Actually Consumed

to virtually nothing before the World
War. All the important dyestuffs
coming from the German monopoly,
which supplied nearly the needs of
the entire world.
The report of the United States
Tariff Commission on this industry,
just made public, shows that the do
nestle production of dyes in 1922 by
ST firms, increased sc per cent over
the previous year, while the exports
show a large decrease. The exports
in 1922 amounted to S3,023,1 27, com
pared with S6,270,15 in 1921.
"The sales for 1922 totaled 69,107,-
105 pounds, valued at $41, 1853, 100"
says the report. "The size of the in
dustry in 1922 is in sharp contract
with that of 1914, when only seven
firms manufactured a total of $685.
729 pounds, valued at S2,470 ,096. The
dye industry in that period was in no
sense a self-contained one, as the
dyes produced were made almostly en-
tirely of intermediates imported chiefly
from Germany.
"The increase in dye production
during 1922 was largely due to an in
crease in general business activity.
Beginning about June, the textile and
other dye-consuming industries be-
came more active after the business
depression, and during the remaining
months of the year the demand for
dyes steadily increased.
Sales Prices Decline
""The average sale price of all do
nestle dyes for 1922 was 90 cents per
pound, compared with SO cents in
1921, and sips per pound in 1917.
The 1922 figures represent a % per
cent decline from that of 1921. There
were price reductions for both the
bulk colors and dyes consumed in
smaller quantities
"Ihe average price of indigo in 1921
was 40 cents per pound, compared with
"a cents in 1922, a AZ per cent de
crease. Direct black (EW) declined
AZ per cent; acid black, % per cent;
salicine black (J), II per cent; ALTAR
in, 20 per cent; alizarm saphirol OBJ,
"a per cent; wool green CS), Al per
cent; indanthrene blue (GCD), 80 per
cent, n %eosine, 25 per cent.
"One of the curious developments
of the year 1922 was the increased
production of vat and a~lizarin dyes.
The vat dyes are used in cotton dye
ing and printing for the production
of shades of remarkable fastness
which are not destroyed by the mod
ern laundry treatment. These coiors
are of great compleXity and have pre-
sented serious difficulties in their com
mercial production. Their use is on
the increase, as the public is begin
ming to recognize that fast shades
are obtainable in cotton goods. The
a~lizarin dyes are Of great value in
wool dyeing, and the addition to this
field of dyes and increased production
of other dyes is a significant step in
the development of a se%lf-contained
dye industry.
"The total production of vat dyes
mot including indigo was 1,075,992
pounds in 1921. The production of
anthroquinone dyes, which include
alizarin dyes and a large part of the
vat dyes was 1924, 1868 pounds.
Produced For First Time
"Many important dyes were pro-
duced for the first time on y CONNER
cial scale in 1922. These comprise
colors of great value for the dyeing of
either silk, cotton or wool, such as vat
dyes, alizarin, developed cotton dyes,
mordant and acid dyes. The increased
production of these colors is reflected
in a reduction of these imports.
'The United States produces about
93.5 per cent of the dyes actually CON
sumed. The imports of dyes in 1922
totaled 3,982,631 pounds, the produc-
ton was 64,632,187 pounds, and the
exports totaled $685. 93 pounds.
! Consumption is assumed to equal
production, plus imports, minus eX-
I ports, or 81, 658,225 pounds. The i'm
ports in 1922 were So per cent of u
total production and 6.56 per cent of
our consumption. In 1914 the imports
were nearly 80 per cent of u con-
sumption.
"Total imports of dyes during the
calendar year 1922 were 3,982,631
pounds, valued at S5,243, 258, compared
with 4,252,911 pounds for 1921, and
As, $50, 1875 pounds during 1914. Of
the total imports for 1922, 44.58 per
cent came from Germany, 1872 per
cent from Switzerland, 5.25 per cent
from England, 4.1S per cent from
Italy. and 2.27 per cent from all other
countries. The 1922 figures show a
decline of dye imports from Germany,
since during the year 1921 1884 per
cent came from Germany, IN 1871, 81
per cent.
The dyes imported represent for the
most part dyes that are not manufac-
tured in this country or not manu-
featured in an adequate quantity for
domestic requirements. Vat dyes LED
in quantity of imports, totaling l ,549,-
O24 pounds (single strength; mordant
and chrome dyes totaled 716,790
pounds; direct cotton dyes, 1881
pounds; acid dyes, COL 1876 pounds;
basic dyes 155,084 pounds, and spirit
soluble dyes and color lakes, 1888
Exports Show Large Decrease
"The exports of dyes for 1922 show
a large decrease from that of 1921,
receding from $~6,270,155 in 1921 to
SO, OPS, 1877 in 1922. The 1922 figures
are a 90 per cent decline from those
Of 1920, when exports reached the
maximum value of $29,823,5 sol. The
large export during 1920 was during
the boom year before German dyes
- +hA a rnn