davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
pittsburgh Plus
Opposed In Indiana

Indianapolis = Resolutions urging
national legislation to abolish pitts
burgh plus" in the fixing of steel
prices has been passed by the In
diana legislature.
pittsburgh plus" means that steel
mills located near the raw material
are forced to add to their price the
freight charge on this steel from
Pittsburgh to their mills, though the
steel or the raw material has never
been near Pittsburgh. Under this
system the trusts mills in Pitts
burgh and vicinity are not objected
to the competition of mills near the
iron ore beds, though the public must
pay this added cost that totals mil
lions Of dollars annually.
In urging the state Legislature to
oppose Pittsburgh plus" speakers
said that if this was abolished In
diana would become one of the lead
ing steel producing states.
A feature of this fight against
pittsburgh plus" is the attitude of
those who demand workers produce
more while they ignore the steel
trusts gouging to defeat compsti-
tion.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Railroads Blamed
By President Harding

Misunderstanding Of the peo-
pie and Generalization of industry is
the result of the policy of the Penn
sylvania, Delaware & Hudson, Cen
tral Railroad of New Jersey, Lehigh
Valley, Illinois Central, Santa Fe,
New Haven, and other railroads that
have locked out their shop men.
These conditions will steadily grow
worse if a settlement is not reached.
President Harding indicated the
above sentiment in letter to the
secretary of the federated shop
crafts of the Central Railroad of New
Jersey. The president said, in part:
"The information which reaches
me brings the conviction that con-
tinued failure to bring settlement is
largely responsible for unfortunate
conditions as to railroad movements
in some areas, and for interrupted de-
liveries of coal during the winter,
with resultant suffering to many
communities and much demoraliza-
tion to industry. 1t is a situation
which seems certain to become more
serious unless effective measures are
found for it early amelioration.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Now Use Children
To Experiment On
(By Federated Press)

New York-There is pending in the
state Legislature bill to prohibit the
use of children in state institutions
and hospitals as subjects for expert
mental work by physicians, surgeons
and other medical specialists.
Behind the bill there are charges,
substantiated, its sponsors claim, by
reports in medical journals and else
where, that children who are public
charges have been used not only as
are rats, mice and nigeons, for "try-
ing out" experimental serums, but
that such children have been made
the victims of experiments in vivisec-
ton. Much of this experimentation
has been done bv physicians of the
Rockefeller Institute for Medical Re-
search.
The public pave little heed when
the bill was introduced, but when pro-
tests against the bill began to arrive
from medical men and officers of
medical societies, interest in the con-
ditions charged by the measures S
hackers awakened. The astonishing
situation now exists of a protest
against the bill by medical authori-
ties who at the same time hotly deny
that children are used for expert
mental purposes.
"The only desire of the proponents
Of the bill is that the real facts be
brought to light" said Lillian R.
Sire of the New York Anti-Vivisec-
tion society. "This evil actually ex-
lists, and the bill now before the legis-
lature, if passed, will put stop to it.
1t also would help dissipate the dis
trust of hospitals, particularly the
state institutions which are response
BILE for the care of children. If there
are any who doubt the facts they
have only to turn to the pages of the
journals of the medical profession"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
ALL POWERFUL
TENTACLIES OF STANDARD OIL
GRIP THE NATION
Trust Won't Stay Busted-ROckefell-
er Group Still Controls Industry
Because of Stock Holdings

Washington-"The oil industry is
dominated by Standard oil companies
more completely than when the
Standard oil trust was dissolved by
the United States supreme court in
1911.
eff present policies continue the
public will pay 81 a gallon for gaso-
line in few years.
"The Rockefeller group controls
the oil industry because of it's Sub
stantial'' minority holdings Of stock"
The above are included in report
by a senate oil investigating COM
mittee, Mr.. La Toilette, chairman, af-
ter a three-months' probe of this in
dustry.
tIn some respects the industry as
more completely at the mercy of
Standard oil interests than before the
supreme court forced the splitting up
the committee, which declares that
"any discussion Of the subject which
does not frankly recognize this con-
troll can only be misleading"
The methods of control, as set
forth in the report, include divisions
of marketing territory on almost the
same basis as before the court dis
solution order, ownership of the prin-
cipal pipe lines, interlocking stock
ownership, fixing of prices in the
producing fields, excessive and dis
criminatory freight rates and own
ership Of basic patents for gasoline
manufacturing processes.
The committee used figures of the
various Standard companies to show
what was declared to be "exorbitant
profits" 1t was stated that "the
Standard stockholder who does not
receive back in few years the value
Of his investment in cash dividends
may count himself unfortunate, while
the Increased value of the company's
assets during the same period has in
creased by several hundred per cent
the value of his original holdings.
"These profits have not been made
by economies. The extravagant sal
aries paid by most of the companies
to their officers and directors are
typical and are an indication of the
lavish and wasteful manner in which
their business is conducted when the
public pays everything and is con-
suited about nothing"
The committee made several rec
concentrations which include estab-
lishment of a uniform system of
bookkeeping, compulsory reports to
the government, making pipe lines
"real common carriers" revised
freight rates, grand jury investiga-
tions, citation of parties to any
agreement for contempt of the su-
preme court dissolution.
The committee let it be understood
that these recommendations may not
produce the expected results, for they
declare that ''the suggestions, here
made of certain remedies does not
imply that other and more drastic
ones may not later be found neces-
sary."
Criticism is expressed by the re-
port in closing in the leasing by the
department of interior of Oil reserves,
the assertion being made that the re-
serves Should have been held in
sacred trust for the benefit of the
whole people"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
NEWARK. OHIO. FRIDAY. MARCH 10, 4
WAGES IN FOUR CITIES

ing about 400 of family budget has
q spread of only 65 cents per week
among the four cities. According to
U. S. Department of Labor retail
price data the minimum quantity food
budget for a family Of five, used by
the Canadian Department of Labor,
would cost $12.22 week in Chicago,
$11.62 in Cincinnati, $11.57 in Mime
apolis and $11.99 in st. Louis. Thus
the maximum differential which
could be justified by difference in the
cost Of food would be 65 cents a
week, or less than p cents per hour
But there are other factors in the
cost of living which counterbalance
the difference in food costs. Fuel
costs are higher in Minneapolis, both
in nrice and in quantity required.
Rent figures are not available. But
the figures for food, fuel and light
in" may be taken as roughly indicat-
ing the relative cost of living in the
four cities. On a weekly basis they
would rank as follows: Chicago,
$1688; Minneapolis, $16.55; st. Louis,
S15.22, and Cincinnati, S14.45.
Employers will find it difficult to
snow any 1alf oasis Tor Ine ulllef-
ences in pay for the same kind of
work in these four cities. This is a
true picture of the wage system.
Principles of justice have no place in
determinin~ wages. Labor is treated
as a commodity to be purchased at
the lowest rate possible in a labor
market which is manipulated bv asso-
ciated employers except to the extent
that organized labor has forced its
way in.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Number of Trades
UniOniStS in World
(By Federated Press)

Amsterdam, Holland-Almost 3D.
100000 human beings are organized
in trade unions the world over, ac-
cording to statistics Dy ehe in,Gtma ITn;nns
By the end of 1921 the number or
ganized in 81 principal countries of
the world was estimated at 4e,soo.-
600. The number has more than
trebled within 10 years, for in 1912
there were only 14,5OO,OOO trade un-
ionists. -. 40
Germany heads the list with 12,-
600 1000: then follow Russia with g.
100000; England, 100000; United
States, 100000; Italy and Czecho-
slovaIia, 100000 each; Spain, l.
100000; France and oa0 Austria s6d: SSna l,Goo;
600 each; Belgium, 92Osooo; Polano'
$4,000; Mexico, 10000; Australia
$4,000; Holland, 100000; India, 500
600; other countries, less than 5oo'-
600 each.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16

Wages are not determined by what
a persons services to the community
are worth. Neither are they deter
mined in terms of living costs. They
are determined in terms of the rela-
tive bargaining power of employer
and employe in the labor market.
And in the modern industrial order
this depends almost entirely on con-
troll over the supply of any given
class of labor.
The lack of a reasonable base for
wage rates is we'll illustrated by a
comparison of building trades wages
in four middle western cities: Chica-
go, Cincinnati, Minneapolis and St.
Louis. U. S. Department of Labor
figures for prevailing rates in this
group Of occupations show an aver
age for Minneapolis 18 cents per hour
16 cents an hour lower than Chicago,
and 6 cents an hour lower than Gin
cinnati. This means difference
ranging from 500 to S288 for the
average building.
Bricklayers receive from 25 to 35
cents per hour less in Minneapolis
than other citiees pay for similar
work. This means differential run
ming as high as $3.50 year based on
the average working year in the in
dustry. Similarly carpenters wages
in Minneapolis run 80 cents per hour
below those prevailing in Chicago
and st. Louis.
Official figures show that there is
no basis in the cost Of living to justify
the differentials shown to exist in
wages. The cost of food, represent
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
u. s. is GOldbriCked
Says Cleveland Press
(By Federated Press)

Cleveland US have a look at
the Missouri & North Arkansas rail-
road, in behalf of which armed mobs
have run the regularly elected Off
GERS of Harrison, Ark, out of town,
whipped men and women and lynched
at least one man." says an editorial
in the Cleveland Press. "The road
was insolvent and in the hands of a
receiver. 1t had been valued by the
interstate commerce commission, un-
der the Esch-Cummins law, at up
wards of $16,000,000. 1t was sold at
public sale for $3,000,000.
Immediately the men who bought
it for $3,000,000 went down to Wash
ington and asked for and got loan
of $3,500,000 through the Interstate
commerce commission under the
Esch- -Cummins law. They applied
for the money on March 20, 1922, and
got it April q, 1922-which is some
speed for Washington government
agency. Commissioner Eastman alone
dissented. He said: "The United
States is in effect buying the road at
sum much in excess of it's alleged
market value, while at the same time
control and management are permit
ted to remain in the hands of private
parties.
"The road seems to be used, large
ly, for the transportation of mobs.
There's railroad operation on the ship
subsidy theory-Uncle Sam buys the
roads for more than they are worth
ard gives 'em back to the folks who
ran 'em into receivership, thus dem
onstrating what private enterprise
can do when it gets close enough to
the U. S. treasury with a jimmy in
its good right hand"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
=
Federal Employees
Are Granted Relief
(by Federated Press)

Washington-The four year strug-
gle of the National Federation of
Federal employees ended in the last
hours of the just expired congress
when the reclassification bill was
passed, providing a new employment
policy and new salary schedules
throughout the federal service and
affecting its hundreds of thousands
of employees all over the United
States.
The reclassification bill, which
actually includes four separate bills
and which is regarded as the most
important civil service legislation
since the civil service act itself, rro-
vides equal pay for equal work, re-
gardless of sex or favoritism; estab-
fishes merit system Of appoint
ment, promotion and dismissal, and
a definite wage scale more nearly
proportionate to the cost of living
and the scale in private industry.
The new salary schedules become
operative July l, 1924, until which
time the present $24O bonus will be
continued; but custom service meas
ure removing the $840 statutory linn
it for customs workers was adopted
as immediate relief for lower-paid
employees. Emergency legislation
continuing compensation awards for
illness or death caused by disease in
Cured by reason of employment is
also embodied in the bill.
The National Federation of Fed
eral employees, through it's president,
Luther c. Steward, expresses gen
eral satisfaction with the bill as pass
ed. "Most of the. essential features
are what we asked for" he says.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
TOO MUCH NOW
"NO LABOR SCARCITY" SAY THE
LAW MAKERS
The Prosperity of the United States
Does Not Depend Upon Addition
al Unskilled Immigrants

Washington-"The prosperity OF
the United States does not depend
upon additional unskilled immigrants
coming to this country" is the house
immigration committees challenge
to the national association OF manu-
facturers, and other advocates OF
cheap labor through immigration.
The committee thoroughly investi-
gated the immigration issue and
made its report to the house but a
few days before adjournment.
"There are 100000 unemployed
now here" the committee said. quo
tas from northwestern Europe are
not exhausted. There are 25O,OOo
coal miners who are unemployed reg
ularly due to overabundance of work
ers in that occupation. Aliens who
leave this country temporarily may
return within six months outside of
quotas. -,
'If work was so plentiful, why did
more male immigrants go pack TO
their native lands than came here IN
the fiscal year ending June ~,
1922"
The committee opposes the recon-
mendation of the national ASSOCIATION
of manufacturers that "the United
States assert the right to register
distribute, educate and otherwise su-
pervise the alien during the period OF
his alienage." This system can not
be sustained, the committee declared
because distribution" and "super-
vision might develop a system OF
peonage abhorrent to the institutions
of the United States.
The committee accepts the opinion
expressed by Walter Renton Ingalls,
engineer and author, of Mt. Vernon
N. Y, that "the alleged labor short
age and the effect of immigration
curtailments are being misunderstood
and overrated."
Testifying before the committee
Mr.. ingalls, said, in part:
although business activity in the
United States increased greatly IN
1922, in comparison with the abyss oil
1921, l do not find, from examlnatlor
of the statistical evidence, that the
rate of production in the latter par
of 1922 was any higher than IN 1918
The aggregate production OF raw ma
terials was about the same in 1872 as
in 1913. Factory employment in the
state of New York, which is consld
cred to afford fairly reliable sam
pie for the whole country, rose IN the
latter part of 1922 about to the leve
of the middle of 1914 when this series
of figures began. Building construc
ton in 1922, while the greatest OF
record in terms of dollars, appears
from my own studies of this subject
to have been less in terms of guam
tity in 1922 than in 1913.
"All this is offered with no lnten
ton of contradicting representation
of shortage of labor of some kinds
and at some places. That such short
age exists is evidenced by the fac
that employers have had to increase
wages to get the labor they need
which they would not do unless the!
had to-"
Instead of permitting more male
immigrants, the committee favor'
changing the per cent law to PEI
cent, based on the census OF 1891
This would admit 168,837 immigrants
as against the present quota OF 35l,
8O3 (exclusive of exempt classes.)
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Boilermakers Erect Monument

Seattle-An imposing monument,
costing $500, has been raised by
Boilermakers' Local 104 and organ
lied labor here to Young Johnny
O'Leary, shot by a strike breaker
while the labor man was doing picket
duty here last year. O'Leary at the
time of his death was one of the con-
tenders for the coast welterweight
championship.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Partial Strike Settlement

Washington-Conciliators of the
department of labor have succeeded
in bringing about partial settlement
of the strike of skirt, cloak and waist
makers union and the Boston Whole
sale Garment Assn, Secretary of
Labor Davis was advised. Approx
mately $3.50 workers are affected,
who will return to work at a 1919
wage increase and with authority to
form their own shop organizations.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
More Wage Gains

Cleveland, O.-Asbestos workers
have raised wages from SO cents an
hour to $1.121a. This is approx
mately an increase of 12Ha cents an
hour, as most of these workers were
paid ST.. Helpers will be paid 72R
cents an hour for the first year and
$1.00 the fourth year.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Demand for Amalgamation

Minneapolis-Speaking at a mass
meeting of railroad shop workers, r.
C. McCutchan, international vice
president of the boilermakers, declar-
ed that there is a rapidly growing
demand throughout the country for
the amalgamation of the 16 standard
railroad unions.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Usual Result of Scab Work

ST. Louis-The conductor and the
Negro porter and several passengers
were injured when a Burlington pass
enger train left the rails near Breck-
inridge, Mo. The most seriously in
jured was the conductor, Tom Brady,
who has been conductor on the
Burlington road for 40 years. The
Burlington railroad is still at war
with the shop crafts unions and has
its repair work done by strikebreak-
ers.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Will Settle Metal Trim Dispute

St. Louis-The national board of
jurisdictional awards of the building
trades department, A. F. of L., is ex-
pected to hand down its decision on
the privilege of installing hollow met
al trim about May 26, according to
advices received here. The decision
may mark the end of a protracted dis
pute between the carpenters and the
sheet metal workers on the right.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Antagonize Workmen's Compensation

st. Louis-Big business in St. Louis
has modified its forces for war on
what it terms radical legislation"
now pending at jefferson City. One
of the principal targets will be the
workmen's compensation bill, pre-
pared by the Missouri State Fedora
ton Of Labor and introduced at it's
request.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Strike Won in Short Order

Clinton, Ind.-The seven-day strike
at mines of the Jackson Hill Coal Co.,
involving one mine in Clinton and two
in Terre Haute, was settled by a COM
promise. The question concerned
overtime for motormen taking mot
ors from station to mine in the morn
ing and back at quitting time. A
question of starting time in the
morning was also involved.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16

Phoenix, Ariz.-The relative value
of the life of mule and human be-
ing was thrashed out in the legisla-
ture with the odds in favor of the
mule, when an annropriation of 5000
was voted for workman who sus-
tanned permanent injuries while at
work on the state highway against
$3.50 voted as compensation for the
loss of a mule and two old wagons.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
COnyicts Are FlOgged

Columbia, S. C.-Prisoners in the
South Carolina state prison are flog-
ged without limit, according to a
joint legislative committee which re-
ports unbelievable practices at this
penitentiary. 1t is stated that the
prison riot in May, last year, was
caused by unnecessarily harsh pun
ishmentS.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Lead Trust PrOspers

New York-In its 1922 report the
national lead company shows a prof
it of $4,927 ,548, compared with 3d.
481,512 in the preceding year. Every
unit of the. company made a profit
last year, thus establishing a new
record.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Win Dress Strike

Boston-Organized garment work
ers have duplicated the victory of
New York dressmakers by winning
their strike for improved working
conditions. An agreement has been
signed with the Massachusetts dress
manufacturers association involving
5000 workers. The agreement calls
for a 10 per cent wage increase, six
legal holidays, and arbitration.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Picketing Upheld

st. Louis, Mo.-Circuit Judge Hall
has ruled that organized mattresses
have the right to picket an anti-union
restaurant that is paying starva-
tion wage. The picketing is the out
come of a strike that started in Oc-
tober, 1920, when hotels and restau-
rants declared for the anti-union
shop.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Gain for Street Car Men

San CHARACTERIZATION men in
the municipal railway here, through
their union, asked for a raise in
wages of 81 day, owing to the in
creasing cost of living. Motormen
and conductors now receive $5 for an
eight-hour day.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Unemployment Growing in Holland

The Hague, Holland-Unemploy-
ment is reaching an alarming state
in Holland. According to statistics
compiled in January by the Dutch
General Statistical Bureau, 103,995
men and 7,055 women registered with
PA labor exchanges in cities above
5000.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Sugar Planters Prosper

Washington-Hawaii's sugar cane
harvest during the year ended Sep
tember 80 last was the largest in
EIGHT years, ACCORDING to the depart
noent of agriculture. This is of espe-
c;al interest because of pleas by
Hawaiian planters for Chinese coolies
to be imported in bond to these is
lands because of an alleged labor
shortage.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Piece Work Rejected

Indianapolis-The joint council of
the international Typographical un-
ion and the American newspaper
publishers association has ruled that
the contract between a Springfield
(Mass.) publisher and his printer en-
ployes does not provide for piece
work, as the employer claimed.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Cooks and Walters Urged to Stick

Chicago = Cooks, pastry cooks,
walters and all hotel workers and
employees wherever food is prepared
and served are urged to stay in their
union if they belong to one or if they
do not to join the Amalgamated Food
Workers, according to a leaflet dis
tributed bv this union.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Defeat Wage Clause

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada-The
provincial legislature has defeated
a proposal that the government eX-
tend the provisions of the fair wage
clause to all government contracts.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
Wants to Sue Unions

Harrisburg, Pa.-Senator George
Woodward of Philadelphia wants the
state legislature to arrange so trade
unions can be sued. This proposal
was passed by the Massachusetts
state legislature recently, but was de-
feated at a referendum election.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1923-03-16
What Labor Is Doing
Wage Increases and Progress Made
Throughout the Country
Free Employment Bureau

Tucson, Aria free employment
bureau for skilled and unskilled labor
is to be opened by the Central Trades
Council in the Labor Temple here ac-
cording to an announcement by Pres
ident H. A.. De Ford.