davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31

STA LINDA PLUMA DE FUENTE
MARCIA ''BoRINoUEN'' CON So
NOMBRE GRABAD0 EN- 0RO LIE RE
DE PORTE. PoR SOLO $1.75
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31

INDALECIo.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31

Las autoridades m6dicas, estan de
acuerdo en- que las amfgdalas, deben ser
propiamente desinfectadas todos los dias.
pues cuando 6stas Sc infectan, causan Ell
recrecimiento de las glandulas del cuello,
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31

EN- Ell JUEGo DE LA TARDE NE
GRoLo Y vICToRLANo FUERoN
cvACIoNADos PoR DOS oPoRTU-
NOS ToLETAzos. RECURBoN TAM
BIEN HAcE BUEN Uso DE LA MA
JAGUA.- GU1LFUcHI Y ANsELMo
FoRMIDABLES
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31
FLORES NATURALEs

lQuiere I'd. conseguir Hermosol
Bouquets? Bonitas Coronas otros
trabajos artisticos en- flores natura.
les? Lame al telefono 800 Santurce,
(Stop 20, Martin Pena) ser& aten-
dido DOR la Sra. ISABEL PA RAJ
Advt.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31

El Escogido confrn6, pues, aver que
es Ell Campe6n Local. Sc jug6 pelota
verdad; y 81 la carrera de ganar hubie-
ra entrado por hit, y no por error, los
simpatizadores del Licey no tendrian
raz6n de desesperar.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31
"Hotel Alcazar''

Stamford, N. Y. Catslzill Mountains
Unico Hotel Espahol montado a la
moderna, con todo comfort, provisto de
calefacci6n, esplendidas habitaciones,
1uagnffcos bafios. Situado en- la Gale
principal, Main Street, la entrada
del Churchill Park Precios economicos.
Cocina criolla y espaiola. Alberto Ell
dfa 10 de Mayo de 1928.
j. FERNANDEZ, Prop.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-07-31

va era tempo que David Sc luciera,
pues su actuaciones pasadas 10 habian
hidraulicado.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
In Church Circles

Presbyterians of San Antonio are
looking forward with interest 10 the
6Sth annual session of the Synod Of
Texas, Southern Presbyterian Church,
which will convene at the First Pres
byterian Church of Dallas, Tuesday
evening. The session will continue
through the following Thursday. 81
simultaneously the woman's auxiliary
synodcal will be in annual session.
Among those from San Antonio who
will be in attendance are DIR. L. Il.
Hill, DIR. A. Ii. l.. McCurdy, the Rev.
J. Leighton Green, the Rev. j. Stuart
Pearce, the Rev. {. ). Dellinger. G. Il.
Stricken and X. 4. Hatch. Mrs. j.
W. Culver and Mrs. kenhie Eaton
will attend as representatives of the
woman's auxiliary.
The synod of Texas, with con
sttuency of 43,10S and comprised Of
ten Presbyteries, ranks third in size OF
the sixteen synods of the Southern As
sembly.
The campaign for S2,0G0,000 for
the Presbyterian schools of Texas, au-
thorized ut the last meeting of the
assembly is one of the biggest under
takings of Texas Presbyterians. The
assembly'S executive committee ON
Christian education has already cstab-
Ished its campaign headquarters in
Dallas and is now engaged in the pre-
.iminary work of the campaign.
Among the principal events on the
program will be a sermon, "Nivarious
AtOnement." to be delivered by Dr.
Robert Hill, Tyler, at IL o'clock We'd
nesday morning. Wednesday night.
DR.. NJ. 4. Melvin, general secretary
for the assembly's stewardship COM
mittce. Chattanooga, Tenn, will out
line the progressive program of the
Southern Presbyterian Church. A SER
mon. Deity Of Jesus Christ" will DC
delivered by DIR. A. &. Jones, Austin.
Another feature of the session will be
the home mission conference Thursday
evening. over which DR.. Brooks l.
Dickcy of Dallas. will preside.
Officers of the Synod of Texas are q.
DR.. II. {. Evans, Austin. moderator
DR.. :. J. McMurry, Gainesville. stated
clerk and treasurer, and DR.. J. G. Var
ner. permanent clerk. Mrs. j. l..
Brock of Bryan, is president of the
synodical.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
RULING HANDED DOWN
Authority Of Commissioners Court
Defined by Opinion.

Austin. Tex. Sept. S.-The COM
missioners' court OF Cherokee county
is authorized TO levy tax sufficient
to pay interest and provide a sinking
fund sufficient to pay the principal
of roads, and such court is not lin
tied to rate OF 81 on the 800 prop
erty valuation, held the Attorney
Generals Department Saturday in an
opinion to County Attorney NJ. C..
Chiles of Cherokee county.
The assessed valuation Of all prop
erty in Cherokee county being more
than $10.000,000 and less than So
100000. the commissioners of such
county are entitled to receive for their
services a salary of $1,000 n year pay
able IN equal monthly installmcnts and
are not entitled TO any other fees or
per diem. it was also held.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
oRDAIN EPISCOPAL VICAR.

The Rev. Claude R. Patterson,
vicar of st. Paufs Episcopal Church,
will be ordained TO the sacred order
of priesthood at services to be held at
St. Pauls Memorial Church at 10
o'clock Tuesday morning, September
%. The Rev. Mr.. Patterson will be
ordained by the Rt. Rev. W. T..
Capers, ID. d., bishop of the diocese.
Following the sermon by Bishop
Capers on the subject, "The Office
and Work of the Priesthood. presen-
tation of the candidate will be made
by the Venerable +. s. Mckenzie.
arcEdeacon of West Texas. after which
the bishop will commend the candi-
date to the prayers of the congrega-
ton. The program will continue as
follows:
Litany. read by the Rev. J. =. Bud
long: introt hymn: holy communion !:
examination Of the candidate by
Bishop Capcrs; ordination of candi-
date: delivery OF Holy Bible: hymn !:
confirmation of Dorothy Mary Archer
Parkerson offertory solo. Mrs. T. w.
O'Brien prayer for the whole state of
Christ's church: Sanctus. Benedictus,
Agnus Del; communion hymns, recess
sional hymn.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
TALK ON RANGERS.

The presence of Texas rangers in
San Antonio will be the subject OF a
ten minutes talk by the Rev. Arthur
j. Moore, pastor of the Travis Park
Methodist Church, preceding the main
sermon Of the evening, Sunday. the
Rev. Mr.. Moore has announced. Prior
to Sunday evening. the Rev. Nj.
Moore said. he will not reveal the
points to be brought out during the
course OF his talk.
As parting word TO % young peo-.
pie of the Travis Park Methodist
Church who are preparing to leave for
college this fall. special sermon will
be delivered Sunday evening by the
pastor. the Rev. Arthur J. Moore. Tie
subject of the sermon will be, Life
Of n Fixed Purpose
A section of seats will be reserved
for young pcODle,
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
BLUE SKY LAW PROBE
Joint Stock Agreement Firms to BE
Investigated by State.

Austin, Tex. Sept. S.-With the an
nouncement next week OF the appoint
ment Of head for the administration
of the blue sky law in the secretary of
states department. an investigation is
to be made of all persons and firms
operating under joint stock agree
ment or declaration of trust. it was an
nOunced Saturday by Secretary Of
State S. l.. Staples.
The status and legality of all such
firms and associations as come under
the provisions of the new law now in
operation will be investigated
The investigation will be conducted
as precautionary measure against
such associations issuing alleged worth
less or fraudulent stock. stated Staples.
a personal inspection of these con-
Germs will be made by rep. ntative
of the state department.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
OPEN MILLINERY SHOP
Robert T.. Lee Millinery Parlors 10
Display STartest of Seasons Styles.

The Robert L. Lee Millinery Par
lors will open Wednesday, Septeri
Der l..
This new millinery shop will be des-
ignated popularity as the shop of the
season." and will specialize in the
smartest of seasonable millinery al
surprisingly low prices, according to
the management.
Miss b. Wood, who is well known
in San Antonio and under whose mau-
agement the shop will be conducted.
has been connected IN important ca
pacities with some of the largest mil
linery establishments in the East as
well as in the West.
The Robert l.. Lee Millinery Par
lors are located in the Robert +. Lee
Hotel on the corner of Travis street
and Main avenue.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
HAVE NO AUTHORITY
Commission SAYS Health Officer Must
Pass on Condition Of Diner Food.

Austin, Tex. Sept. SIN an opin-
ion to the railroad commission Satur-
day the attorney generals department
held the commission without author
ity to determine whether or not I'M
wholesome foods are sold by dining
cars on railroad trains.
The opinion held that such author
ity is invested in the state health Off
GER.
In another opinion, the attorney gen.
erals department held that counties
have authority to purchase automobiles
for sheriffs but that expenses for up
keep of such motor vehicles must be
borne by sheriffs in counties Of less
than $4,000 population.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
ESTABLISH HEADQUARTERS
HERE.

San Antonio is rapidly becoming a
center for Christian EndeavOr activi-
ties of the state, members OF the
Christian Endeavor Societies Of this
city believe and this belief has been
encouraged by the announcement that
Austin ID. Bryan. assistant field sec
rotary, will probably establish head
quarters in this city within the next
few weeks.
Efforts are being made by Hous-
ton societies TO have Mr.. Bryan estab-
lish his Headquarters in that city. ac-
cording to George Pabst, president Of
the San Antonio district. San Antonio
will be the seccessful contender. he be-
lieves. since headquarters in this city
would be more centrally located.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09

ninth among the industrial cities of
the country as shown by tabulation
issued today by the Postoffice depart
ment.
The greatest gain was Fort Wayne,
Ind, with 1919 per cent and others
whose percentage gain exceeded San
Antonio were jackson, Miss, Science
tady, n. Y, Springfield, ILL.,, Scran-
ton, Pa, Cheyenne, Wyo.. Albuquer-
que. n. NJ, and Savannah, Ga.
San Antonio's postal receipts for
August we're $50, 1854 the figures for
year ago showed loss of 4.91 per
cent.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
DAILY ORGAN RECITAL.

Inspired by civic pride. officers of
Travis Park Methodist Church nave
joined forces with the Chamber of
Commerce and the business men of
San Antonio in planning to make this
city as attractive as possible to tour
lists.
In furtherance of this plan. the
Rev. Arthur J. Moore. pastor of the
church. has announced that daily~or-
gan -recitals of 80 minutes duration
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
SERVICE FOR DOCTOR HILL.

Recognition services in honor of DR..
Z. Il. Hill. pastor of the First I'res-
byterian Church, have been planned
by the elders for Sunday morning.
on the occasion of the second anni-
versary of the pastorate of DR.. Hill in
San Antonio.
Since construction work is still in
progress at the First Church. the
will continue to hold SER
vices Sunday mornings in the Palace
Thpntpr.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
Nor-inf1ammabLe Helium
Gas Makes Dirigible Safe

out in the open that one realizes her
immensity.
For she is immense.
Stood on end in the New York
skyscraper zone, her $50 feet wou:.i
tower above everything save the
Woolworth tower.
The Singer building, which domi,
mated the downtown sky line until
the Woolwortb's 1872 feet doomed up
would be outstripped IS feet by the
FRI.
The great craft carries 5000 gallons
Of fuel enough to feed her six 800.
horsepower engines on a cruise ot
more than 1000 miles.
Her principal function as unit
of the navy will be sea scouting.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
RESUME MINISTERIAL ALI.
ANCE.

Following the summer recess. reg
ular monthly meetings of the San An
tonic Ministerial Alliance will be re-
sumed to continue through the fall,
winter and spring months, it has been
announced.
The first meeting of the alliance
since last July will be held at the
Travis Park Methodist Church at IL
O'Clock Monday morning, when plans
for future meetings of the alliance will
be outlined. The Rev. W. w. Lee.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
RALLY DAY SUNDAY.

A special sermon on Christian edu-
cation will be delivered at st. John $
Evangelical Lutheran Church, Nueva
and Presa streets, by the pastor, the
Rev. A. l.. Wolff, Sunday morning at
the regular sermon hour. The sermon
will be given in connection with Edu-
cational Sunday, to be observed by the
church
A rally day program of the Sunday
school will begin at 8 80 o'clock Ill
the morning.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
Bond Issue Approved.

Austin. Texas, Sept. San issue
of $4,000 Irene (Iiill county, indie
pendent school district bonds. bearing
) per cent and maturing 80 years.
with option Of payment seria|ly. was
approved Saturday by the attorney
Generals Department.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09
SAN ANTONIO NINTH
Local Postal Receipts for August
Sh0w 2O.5 Per Cent Gain.

Washington. ID. C.. Sept. s.-With
gain of 2O.J per cent in postal re-
ceipts for Angus. over the correspond
ing month last year San Antonio is
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09

will be given, beginning January 1.
Arrangements are being made with
pipe organists OF San Antonio to as
slst in the contemplated recitais.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09

Beautiful Roselawn Cemetery, not
a graveyard, beautiful well kept
burial park. Crockett 16SS.-(Adv.)
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09

pastor of Calvary Baptist Church,
will preside over the meeting.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-09-09

MdtclleSS in its beauty and
its VdlneS, amazing in its 20
riety, absolute in its, style an
tkority, HE remarkable collec-
lion assembled for tomorrOaV'S
opening SETS a ne5v standard
in San Antonio, aud presents
for yow appreciation an en-
Scmbie of nrrivdled elegance.
Evening star., 1923-06-20

The Vatican palace contains eos
staircases and LOO different rooms.
The seacoast line OF the globe Is
computed to be about 1866 miles.
Evening star., 1923-06-20
announce HON0RS
At EASTERN HIGH
Principal Gives Out List of
Undergraduates With
Merit Records.

Eastern High School undergradu-
ates who completed their years work
with honor were announced today by
Principal Charles Hart. as follows:
Seventh semester-Mae F. O'Connor,
Fern II. Painter, Louise Pigott. Jose
phine C. Speake, Samuel Matthews
Carey NJ. Moore. Mary B. Graham
William ". Grimes, Elmer H. Talbert
Sixth semester-Helen G. Babp. Mar
yaret Beasley, Margaret E. Butler
Helen f. Clark, Virginia Augusta
| Grohs. Margaret l.. Loane, Anna P
Knauff. Dorothy Tripp. Roy Cheek,
William A. Clementson. Maurice N
Thompson. Milton Talbert. Emma
Arthur Bondurant, Paul Doerr, Ar
thur Klein. Harold Lady.
Fitch semester-Marie f. Kroll. Ir-
wing Raley. Lillian Bell. Marjorie
Firor. Beatrice Swain.
Fourth semester-Ruth Fleishell,
Annie Horenstein. Marian Hutchinson,
Vera Helen Muir. Eugena Newmyer,
Mary Schneider, Margaret Anna Shea,
G. Beale,. Higgs. Ruth Streightiff,
Katheryn White, Sidney Farmer.
Third semester-Laura X. Barrett,
Wilma NJ Shively. Hannah Stolar,
Josephine NJ Tremain. Marion Z.
Wartield. George II. Barker. Herbert
L. Angel. William {. Lambert, Nellie
Il. Dalrymple, Florence NJ. Painter,
Robert W. Mullen.
Second semester-Frances Arnold,
Elizabeth a. Barr. ONEIDA NJ. Brown.
Mary ]. Burns. Elizabeth II. Clark.
Mary C. Clarke, Edith q. Davis. An
ME L. Haynie. Clara 3: Heinrich,
Margaret r. Hoover. Wilhelmina D.
Kroll, Ellen May. Elizabeth r. Miller,
Myrtle c.. Posey. Nola c. Sanborn,
Ellen G. Scott. Lois E. Stebbing.. Jo-
seph Cohen, James W. Harbin. James
r. Mcconnell. Helen r. Bryan, Doro-
thy V. Dixson. Margaret HI. Gibson.
Roberta Harrison, Isabel NJ. Jaeger,
Eleanor B. Johnson, Dorothy NJ
Schenken. Bertha b. Schwartz. Lillian
M Wilkinson, Clement D. Didden
Raymond o. Duvall. William w
Heintz. Albert H. Huehlaus, Joseph
H. Portch. James H. Shimp.
First emester-Thelma Ammon.
ette. Florence Barron. Margaret Z
Brewer. Kathleen c. Carr. Mildred A
Evening star., 1923-06-20
STRAWBERRY PRICE
DROPS IN NEW YORK
First Maryland Blackberries
on Sale in Gotham
Markets Today.
Epecial Dispatch TO The Star.

Special Dispatch TO The Star.
NEW YORK, June 20.-Strawberr1es
have declined fully 5 cents per quart
since yesterday. The receipts by boat,
express and motor truck We're fairly
liberal with the bulk of the offerings
being of ordinary quality and condition.
The demand was light and the market
dull.
Gooseberries were much more plen-
tiful. The demand was extremely linn
tied and the market generally dull and
weak. Baskets containing four quarts
sold from so to IS cents, depend
ing on size of the stock. Quarts sold
from 10 to % cents.
New Jersey red raspberries were in
considerably heavier supply, but most
offerings continue to show small size.
Pints brought from II to % cents.
The seasons first shipment OF black
berries from Maryland arrived this
morning, and sold from 25 to 80 cents
per quart. North Carolina blackberrles
brought from 15 to IS cents per quart.
Cherries, especially of the sweet va
Iieties, were in liberal supply. The de-
mand was light. Baskets containing
four quarts sold as follows: Various
sweet varieties, red, 90c to $1.OO; black.
S5c to 1925; white, 75c TO 90c; red,
SourS. brought mostly 15c.
Evening star., 1923-06-20
FAMED DANCER GUEST
OF HONOR AT ARTS CLUB
Mime. Lubotska Gives Informal
Talk-Consents to Dance at
Egyptian Night"

At dinner in the garden of the
Arts Club last evening, of which Mrs.
Marie Moore Forrest was hostess. the
guest of honor. Nine. Lubotska, a
dancer of worldwide reputation.
gave an informal talk upon dancing,
which she declared to be. an embodi-
ment of all the arts, drawing inspira-
ton from sculpture and painting as
well as from music and poetry.
An Egyptian evening will be held
tomorrow at the Arts Club, following
a dinner i'm the garden. at which Mr.
and Mrs John Walker Holcombe will be
hosts. An Egyptian play by Miss
Emily Read Jones, based upon the
reincarnation of an ancient king and his
queen, will be read, and Nine Lubot-
ska has consented to give her cele-
brated Egyptian dance.
Evening star., 1923-06-20
SOUTHERN SEEKS
BIG BOND ISSUE
Road Would Build $1,3C0.0O0 Ter
minal at Greensboro-I. c. C.
Permit Asked.

The Southern railway asked the
STersatate Commerce Commission
today for authority to guarantee
principal and interest of an issue of
thirty-year per cent gold bonds
amounting to s1.3oo.oo0 at par of the
Greensboro IN. c. Passenger Ter
minal Company.
The Southern proposes to pany an
annual sum as rental for the pas
senEer terminal. to cost approx
mately S1300.000 to build, which will
pay the interest on the bond issue
and in addition build up sinking
fund for the retirement of the securi-
ties.
Evening star., 1923-06-20
MOVING. PACKING E. STORAGE

CLEAN. DRY STORAGE FOR FURNITURE
and pianos. Estimate cheerfulIy given Com
Nenient location. WESCHLER'S, s2O Pa. ave.
NV Phone Main 1852 -
Evening star., 1923-06-20
BY WEBSTER.

Conklin. Eleanor II. Froehlich. Julia
Jooper. Ruth A. Jones, Marjorie
Keim, Julia 4. Wayland, Evelyn J,
Woolard, Karlton T. Stein, Charlotte
Parater, Jessie NJ. Parks. Janet l..
Payne, Frank Brumley and Alvin
Walters.
Evening star., 1923-06-20
MOON VOTES EXTRA.

ST. LOUIS. June 20.--The board of
directors of the Moon Motor Car Com
pany has voted to increase the quar-
tArly dividend from so to IS cents d
share, and declared an extra divi-
dend of % cents a share, payable
August l to stockholders of record
July Is. This action, il was explain
ed. places the stock on a So basis.
Evening star., 1923-06-20
LIVERPOOL COTTON.

LIVERPOOL. June 20. Cotton,
spot. limited demand; prices steady.
Good middling, 1923; fully midomng'
&c 10: middling. 1904; low middhns'
1879: good ordinary, 15.2S: ordinary.
i4.eg. Sales. 5000 bales, including
2200 American. Receipts. l.ooo
bales, including 900 American fu-
lures closed steady-June. l49s: July
1853; September, 1883; octoper'
1921: December 1882; January.
1855; March, 1858; May, l24o
Evening star., 1923-06-20
CONTRACT AWARDED
FOR $1,OOO;OO0 Mill
BY the Associated Prees.

BY the Associated Press.
BELMONT. n. c., June 2o,-The
contract has been let for coRstruc-
tion of the art cloth mill to be erect
ed near Lowell, 1t was learned today,
and it is expected to begin the weav-
ing of fine cloth by the first OF next
year. r. L. Stowe Is president or
the corporation. which expects to
spend S1,OO0,O00 on the plant.
Evening star., 1923-06-20
EDUCATIONAL.
washington Vacation School
sth Session-Six Weeks.

june 25 TO August 4.
A Coaching School for Boys and Girls of the
7tI and sth Grades
1918 X St. NV. Phone Franklin 1855.
Chas. 4. johnson. Il. A.. Prir 24'
SUMNER SESSION OF CHARLOTTE NELLIE
DAY AND BOARDING SCHOOL FOR chill
DREN t2- Is yIs), nursery school, kndergar-
tens. grades is: TUTORING IN DEFICIENT
SUBJECTS A SPECIALITY: basketry. car
pentry. sewing, music. 3242 10Th st. NV
Adams 37iO. School bus calls 10 am "a
pm. Outdoor life in Zoo. r. c. Pk. & country
Evening star., 1923-06-20

In olden times card playing was
regarded as essentially a Christian
pastime, and q statute OF Henry VII
forbids card playing save during the
Christmas holidays.
The Winslow mail. (Winslow, Ariz.) 1893-1926, 1923-05-11
INFORMATION DEPARTMENT
Commercial inquiries answered and
information gladly furnished without
cost. Address any firm above.
SToCKMEN COOPERATING TO
KEEP FIRES OUT OF FORESTS

Denver.-Live stock grazing in the
to the forest service, a recognized
means of reducing the fire hazard.
This is the result both Of the benefit
cial effect that grazing has in reduc-
ing the amount of inflammable vege-
tation and of the cordial cooperation
and effective help given by ranchmen
in fire protection.
Formerly some range users imagined
fires benefited forage production, but
time has proven this not to be the case.
The investigation for the most part
showed, even at that time, that the
danger from this source had either dis
appeared or was rapidly disappearing,
and that burning was a distinct harm,
and so considered by the majority of
stockmen themselves, instead of ben
eft to forage conditions.
While the presence of some $4,000
additional persons in the national for
estS to care for the stock necessarily
introduces a certain fire hazard, prin-
cipally through carelessness, this haz-
ard at the present time is very small
almost negligible. This may be at
tributed mostly to a change in Senti-
ment on this subject, and to the grow
ing need and demand for range. The
grazing privileges have become so val
liable that stockmen cannot afford to
take any chances. Valuable feed Is
destroyed by the burning, and the per-
manent carrying capacity Of the range
lessened. In most cases it requires
from one to three years or more for
range to recover from severe burn,
and during the interval the amount of
forage produced is much smaller. Val
liable weeds seldom recover from Sc
we're burns until after years, If they
ever do. In the mountains Of the West,
it may be confidently stated, therefore,
burning is not necessary to improve
the range; 1t is an injury rather than
a benefit; and anything which will de-
prive the stock of feed, even temper
arily, results in distinct economic loss
to the stockmen.
The live stock forms an important
means Of fire prevention, since in a
properly grazed area the rank vegeta-
ton of summer is eaten off by them
before the dry season converts 1t into
a fire trap threatening forests, ranch
property and human life.