The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-31
J. {. DOESN'T SEEK ID CONTROL ALL AMERICA HUGHES
Secretary Of State Outlines Policy Regarding The
 Monroe Doctrine

MINNEAPOLIS, August 3O-The United States has no intention of being overlord in the Americas through the Monroe Doctrine. whose principle remains unchanged after 100 years and which does not at tempt to establish "a protectorate over Latin-American states"
 In its relations with Europe. the attitude of the United States is "one of independence. not isolation" with public opinion generally still against participation in affairs abroad.
 These two principles of his stew ardship were emphasized here Thurs day night by Secretary of State Hughes Tn an address before the American Bar association-the for mer in answer to critics who have charged this government with impe- rial ambitions on the basis of inter est in Cuba, Haiti, Porto Rico and San Domingo, the latter in answer to those who have urged participa- ton in European councils. His ad- dress was a detailed analysis of the Monroe Doctrine,
 T utterly disclaim. as unwar- ranted. the observations which occa- sionally have been made implying a claim On our part to superintend the affairs of our sister republics, to as sert our own domain as the aim of our policy, and to make our power the test of right in this hemisphere"
 "Misconception upon this point" Hughes declared, 'is the only dis turbing influence in cur relations with Latin-American states"
 FnvOrs International Court.
 Referring only briefly to the European situation, Hughes stated first that establishment of an inter- national court of justice "has been distinct feature of the policy of the government of the United States for many years" In this connection he called attention to the interest of this country in measures of conciliatiOn and in the faculties of the confer ence."
 Turning then 10 the demands for participation, he said
 Our attitude is one of indepen- dence, not of isolation. Our people are still intent upon abstaining from participation in the political strife of Europe. They are not disposed to commit this government in advance to the use of its powers in unknown contingencies, preferring to reserve freedom of action, in confidence of our ability and readiness to respond to every future call of duty. They have no desire to put their power in pledge. but they do not shirk CO., operation with other nations when ever there is a sound basis for it and a consciousness of community inter- est and aim.
 operation is not dictation, and 1t is not partisanship. On our part II must be the cooperation of a free people drawing their stren gth from many racial stocks, and co-opera- tion that is made possible by a pre- pondeFant sentiment permitting goV- ernmental action under a system which denies Tall exercise of auto. cratic power,
 It will De the cooperation of people of liberal Ideals, deeply con. cefned with the maintenance uf peace and interested in all measures which find support in the common sense of the country as being prac- ticable and well designed to foster common interests"
 The greater part of his lengthy address was devoted to the Monroe doctrine and its present significance. Declaring that this principle enun- c!ated by the fifth President does Tot infringe upon the independence and sovereignty of other American states" MT. Hughes placed his finger upon what he regards as the reason for charges of domination by this government.
 Fear American Development.
 Great republics whose independ- ent sovereignty has been safeguarded by the historic doctrine no longer fear the danger of encroachment and control by European powers. but look with apprehension at the eX- pension, vast resources, rapidly growing population and formidable strength of the republic of the north. They do not feel the need of protec- ton against European powers, and the Monroe doctrine is apt to be con ceiyed and criticised as suggestion of a policy of interference in their internal affairs.
 There are. indeed. modern condI- tions and recent events which can not fail to engage our attention" Hughes said, referring to interven- tion of this country in Cuba and other islands of the Carib bean.
 What has taken place of late years in the region of the Caribbean has given rise to much confusion of thought and misapprehension o. Iurpose. As I have said, the Mon roe doctrine as a particular deelara- tion in no way eXhausts American r ight or policy. The United States has rights and obligations which that doctrine does not define"
 The United States. Hughes said, has mo desire to exploit other peo- Tle. On the other hand, it is surely not the policy of this government to stand in the way of improvement of their condition. It is an unacceptable fact, however, that private capital is not obtainable unless investment is reasonably secure and returns are commensurate with risk"
 The Secretary of State traced in detail the relations of this govern IT ent with Cuba, Haiti and San Do mingo, emphasizing that the United States had intervened in their in ternal affatrs only to establish order