The Raymer enterprise., 1923-08-30
eAcK51NxAN AD z<1SM5


A national organization of defense about
4UOOOO strong, was quickly effected. The Smith
Dill was killed In the house. after It had passed
tne senate. The Jones-Esch bill exempting ma
uonal parks, present and future, from the juris.
dicton Of the water power commission was intro
duced and forced forward. The water power in.
terests were powerful enough however, to force
compromise amendment which exempted only
the existing national parks. The Jones-Esch bill
was passed by the Sixty-slxth congress-
In December Of 1920 Senator Walsh Of Montana
championed bill to dam Yellowstone lake for
an irrigation scheme In Montana long and
hard-fought battle followed. In June Of 1921 Sec.
retary of the Interior Fall reported on the bill
ana straddled on the question Of protection, hold.
ing that power and irrigation development In the
national parks should be only ION specific author.
ization of congress. the works to be constructed
and controlled by the federal government" There
upon Senator Walsh proposed new bill providing
that the United States reclamation service should
build and operate the Yellowstone lake dam. The
defenders Of the park proved that the dam could
be built to greater advantage outside the park.
In 1922 the upholders of the parks won victory
by electing Scott Leavlt In Montana to congress
over Jerome Locke, originator Of the dam project
The final result Of the fight was that the Sixty.
ing the Walsh dam In the committees pigeonholes
Efforts to revive 1t are expected in the Sixty.
eighth congress.
During these three years another victory Of
great Importance along the same line was the
sm0thering In committee Of the All-Year National
park bill, personally drafted and sponsored by
Secretary Fall. This bill created a national park
in the Mescalero Indian reservation In New Mex.
leo out Of several Insignificant spots widely sep.
arated, plus an irrigation and power reservoir
ninety miles away. II would have introduced both
water power and irrigation into the national park
system. There was a nationwide protest against
this bill, In which New Mexico itself took an
active part The bill Is too dead, It IL believed
to be resuscitated.
third victory called nationwide attention to
another danger that threatened-and still threat
ens-the national parks. The victory was the de-
feat Of the Slemp bill creating the Appalachian
National park out Of Virginia mountain top. It
was opposed on the ground that the area was
below the proper national park quality. II was
favored by Secretary Fall, who in his report to
the public lands committee said that his policy
was to substitute wide-open recreational park
system Of many small Fairgrounds for our his.
torIc national park system.
The late Franklin X. Lane. as secretary Of the
interior In 1918, nailed down this plank In the
national park platform:
In studying new park projects you should seek
to hnd scenery Of supreme and distinctive quality
or some natural feature extraordinary or UNIQUE
% to be Of national interest and Importance
The national park system now constituted
should not be lowered In standard dignity and
prestige BY the inclusion Of areas which express
In less than the highest terms the particular cias.
or kind OF exhibit which they represent
President Harding was the 6rst president n ~
nounce publicly general administration policy
Of absolute conservation for the national parks
system and for all OF Its units Both Roosevelt
and Taft were good friends Of the national parks
but preservation against commercial invasion was
not question In their days President Wilson
In his first term signed the Hetch Hetchy bill
giving San Francisco the water supply reservoir
In Yosemite which has Just been completed: It's
secret water power purpose was not then gen.
orally understood President Wilson. however.
stood by the national parks loyalty and powerfully
In the fight to exempt them from the Jurisdiction
OF the water power commission.