Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1923-07-20

men employed on the ranch, villa
failure Of the ranch crops following
Francisco t~Pancho"D Villa. guerrilla
chieftain and bandit leader in Mexico tor
more than 10 years. declared that ne
had ended his career of outiawry IN
August. 1870. when. at the head OF "o
followers. the remnant OF what had once
been his army Of :,J.OO0 men. he entered
San Pedro. Coahuila. and. amid the
cheers Of the populace. announced the
intention of himself and men Of accept
ing amnesty and settling down n farm
ers.
A few weeks earlier. Villa had sur
rendered a. federal forces at Sabinas.
He then declared his adherence to Pro-
yisional President de In Huerta and Gen
eral Aware Obregon. later elected Presi-
dent To succeed Carranza. Before capt.
ulafing. Villa demanded and was granted
| by the Mexican government. one year :
pay and small farm for each of his
men. a grant equal to S2.OO0.WO gold
| one Of the most notable escapades Of
Villa was his raid on Columbus. y. NJ.
on March u. 1916 in which he and his
followers killed II Americans. " re-
suited IN punitive American military
expedition under General Pershfpg
crossing the border and maintaining
dead or alive" pursuit of Villa which
lasted more than nine months and cost
the United States government. according
10 A War Department estimate. nearly
| 500, 100000.
In a battle mt Parral. American
troopers were ambushcd aud a number
of them killed. On March 81. however.
the bandits followers were defeated at
Guerrero. The Americans were sue
cessfu in n number Of other skirmishes
and penetrated 50 far south into Mexico
a. TO meet the constitutionalist troops of
Carranza who, ostensibly. were also IN
pursuit Of the renegade Mexican leader.
villa. wounded but always eluding his
purSucrs. lived in a chihuahua mountain
cave for five weeks IL was located in
IN. center Of "A perpendicular cliff which
rose 80 feet from brook on the level
plain below aud from this point Villa
said he often watched the American
troops. Many times he was reported
dead. Upon the American army's with
drawal from Mexico Villa renewed his
drpredations On April 4. 1916. he was
indicted for first degree murder ut
Deming. y. NJ. on account of the Colum-
bus raid.
They call m. q bandit and the worst
man i'm Mexico declared Villa when he
was welcomed to San Pedro. Coahnia.
but would preserve our nationality.
I surrendered because further fighting
in Mexico meant Intervention by the
United States. II j. time for peace. !
In A manifesto he praised the good
faith. honor and patriotism" of Pro-
visional President d. la Huerta and de-
clared IL was his purpose 20 show the
Mexican nation that he and his men
could build a well n destroy
The former bandit went with his
family from San Pedro to Las Nievas,
Durango. to settle down" on his farm
there and shortly after wrote to de Ia
Huerta for school books and supplies
Villa was said to have been deeply at
fected by the death Of daughter in
San Antonio. Texas. month after his
surrender Sixteen of his men, who
were among number captured by
Pcrshing and convicted Of various Of
fences were pardoned by the governor
of New Mexico in November 1920.
The first real tragedy in Villas life
occurred when General Felipe Angeles
was executed as revolutionist by
Carranza troops in 1919. Villa admir-
Cd Angeles not only as n patriot and
soldier. but regarded him almost as
father. He wept bitterly when he re-
ceived word that Angeles had been shot
He threatened reprisals and later aid
cd in the overthrow of the Csrrsnza
regime.
Villas real name was Doroteo Orange
He was born in 1868 of peon parent
age in the little mining town Of Las
N;cvas. As a trade he followed the
trade Of butcher until the death Of his
f..her and then he and his mother and
sister went to Western Chihuahua.
| There he became a cowboy. Many sto-
rios have been told as to how he be-
came an outlaw but the one most gen.
orally accepted is that il was be-
cause he killed captain in one oil
President Diaz' regiments. Diaz then
rl,ced n price on his head. II was nj
This time that he changed his name to
villa. lie organized a band of outlaws
and became n terror to the rich land
CONTINUED on page q.