davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-08-26
Birds Already in Flight South,
Indicating an Early Winter

The "honk" of the passing f1ocks
of wild geese leaving the cold snap
in the far north is heard again in
tion en- route for the sunny southland
in the tropics.
1t is said that f1ocks of migrating
purple martins, teal and bobolinks
and such like are on the wing MAX
ing for their winter quarters on
the gulf coasts and further south,
all of which, in bird life, indicates
an early winter. for their unerring bird
instincts never fail.
For more than two thousand years.
according TO the Investigations of
the United States biological survey,
the phenomena of bird migration
nave been scientifically noted, but
while the extent and course of routes
tr:LNcrSed have of late years become
better known. no conclusive answer
itas Deen round to the question: Why
do North American birds migrate?"
TWO different and diametrically op-
noSlte theories have been advanced
TO account for the beginnings of
these migrattons. The sum of these
conclusions might be expressed in plain
words. because it is natural
According to the more commonly
accepted theory. ages ago the United
States and Canada Swarmed with non
migrating bird life. long before the
Arctic ice fields. advancing south dur
ing the glacial era, rendered unhabi-
table the northern half of the con-
tinent The birds love OF home in
huenced them to remain near the
nesting site until the approaching
Ice began for the first time to pro-
uuce winter-that is. "a period Of
lnclement weather which SO reduced
the food supply as to compel the
birdS TO move or Starve. AS the ice
approached very gradually, now and
then rcceding. these enforced re-
treats and absenceS--at first only a
short distance and now a brief time
increased both in distance and dura-
tion until migration became an in
tegral part of the being of the bird
In other words the formation Of the
habit of migration took place at the
SANS time that changing seasons
or the scar replaced the continuous
semi-trupical conditions of the pre-
glacial CraS.
As the ice advanced southwark
Evening star., 1923-08-26
CALL LEGISLATURE
TO ENACT TAX BILL
Georgia Governor Regards
Situation as Pressing.
Gasoline Action Expected.
u! tho Associated Press.

BY tho Associated Press.
ATLANTA, Ga. August 25.--Pro-
vision for consideration of the Ennis
"cvenue department bill. designed to
provide machinery for collection of
delinquent taxes. has been made in
the formal call for an extraordinary
session Of the Georgia general as
Sclnbiy November :, Gov. Clifford
Walker stated tonight in issuing a
statement calling upon citizens to
cooperate in solving the states tax
problem.
\ further report will be made to
the governor by Mr.. Napier when
the latter returns from Minneapolis,
Nhere h" will attend Il conference
o. attorneys general with reference
10 the gasoline situation. Last week
h" reported that gasoline prices in
thc state were controlled at "th-
nod and beck" of the Standard Oil
company.
Sees Vast Surplus.
Asserting there is vast surplus
of crude petroleum." the attorney
general stated. "it would appear lit
.l" short of a crime against the pub
lie to allow the manipulatorS to so
control prices of gasoline. and even
he present prices in Georgia are
nigh''
Mr.. Napier passed ON TO Gov. Walk
- for his conSidera tion a suggestion
- place the gasoline business in the
lt;ttc under the control of the pub
no service commission.
large nublic service corporation
If Atlanta recently purchased in open
market a tank car of gasoline at ap-
"roxinately y cents IL gallon. the
""port read. Bids We're invited and
'he lowest offer, which was accepted.
TaS about . cents uEder tank
wagon prices" it continued
This price simply illustrates the
figure at which gasoline may be sold
when stripped of the profits for
handlinE. it was asserted. 1T is
iAir to state that the Standard Oil
Company was 4 bidder Tor this bust
mess. but was underSold by the Dun
can OH Company by 4 margin of ONLY
one-SiXth OF n cent"
Evening star., 1923-08-26

the swing to the north in spring mi
grafton was continually shortened
and the fall retreat is a suitable win
ter home heightened in proportion
until the glacial period birds were
for most part, confined to middle
South America. But the habit Of
migration had been formed and
when the ice receded toward it's
present position the birds followed it
northward and in time established
their present diversified migration
routes.
The late John Burroughs. eminent
student of nature and bird life, long
ago placed the District Of Columbia
in the direct path of bird migration.
thus we, in this locality, can hear
the "honk" of the goose and the
chirp of all the feathered tribes in
passing over us. y
Evening star., 1923-08-26
TEXAS COMPANY SUED
FOR CUTTING OIL PRICE
Attorney General Charges Inten-
tion to Destroy Competition
by Reductions.

BY the Associated Press.
COLUMBIA, S. c.. August 25.-Civil
proceedings involving claims total
ing $165.0O0 for alleged violations of
the state antitrust laws have been
instituted against the Texas Company
by Attorney General Samuel NJ.
Wolfe for the state of South Carolina
it became known here today.
Notices in fifty-flve suits for $4,000
each have been served on local Off
cials of the company. Attorney Gen
eral Wolfe said. The complaint in
each suit charges that the defendant
sold gasoline at lower rate than
the prevailing market price for de-
stroying the business of a competi-
fnr
Evening star., 1923-08-26
Blue Law.
c Los Angeles Times.

from the Los Angeles Times.
When they closed the bar on one
"f the transatlantic liners bound
'or the land of libery one of the
passengers protested. Seems like
you're closing up awful soon: how
FAR are We from land. anyway?"
Just about three miles" answered d
the steward politely.
Funny, we can't see it,"
You could. If the water were clear
, nough.
Evening star., 1923-08-26
NEGROES CONVENE HERE.
Racial Questions to Be Considered
- Coee;o,, ro,,o

Tho first local convention of the
Universal Negro Improvement AsSo-
citation and African Communities
League is to be held at Lincoln
Memorial Temple. 11th and Il streets
tomorrow, Tuesday and Wednesday
nights at o'clock. Discussions of
questions confronting the race will be
held.
The Canadian Federation of Labor
has membership of 1000.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
SCHOOLS AND STANDARDS

Aside from the question whether it would bear the test of constitutionality, of which there is doubt in the minds of many, what is known as the "school bill," which has been intro- duced in the legislature, and which would require all children between the ages of seven and sixteen to at- tend state public schools, is unwise in conception and unsound in principle. It is wholly impracticable under ex- isting educational conditions in Ala bama. It is understood that this bill would in effect abolish private, paro- chial and all church and denomina- tional schools, as well as various acad- emies and secondary schools.
 It is not surprising that the measure will be vigorously opposed. There are no sound reasons why private and de- nominational schools should be abol- ished. Many of them are doing excel lent work and are in cities and dis tricts where public schools are over crowded in attendance and cannot for that reason offer proper individual at tention to the pupils. In Birmingham, for example, it has been a source of widespread comment and complaint that the high schools and a number of the grammar schools are under such pressure in the number of pupils and in thn Ioo af aI forces as to make it impossible to pro- vide that frequent personal contact between teachers and pupils which is necessary for the most effective re- suits. In other cities of the state this conditions exists to more or less de- gree. But for the many private schools, some preparatory for college, to relieve this pressure, the situation would be worse than it is.
 On the other hand, bringing all the schools up to standards of curricula and tests as maintained by the public school system would be beneficial to the whole educational field in Ala bama. A fair and constructive law to that end and solely for that purpose would be wise and helpful. Many pri- vate schools already maintain as high or higher standards than those of the public schools, and would have nothing to, fear from and no reason to object to such legal requirements. 1ere are others, however, which fail to measure up to those requirements, and they, as we'll their patrons, would be aided and improved by such a law.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
JOHN-A-DREAMS
Dreams of Foxes

A woman who dreams of a fox must prepare herself to meet her enemies in a crafty way and to outwit them at every turn. If the fox seems to stand still, un- decided or else unconcerned, the contest between you and those who would harm you will be an equal but uncertain one and it will be impossible for long while to predict the result. If the fox advances toward you, you will be in danger of becoming the vic- tim of your foes and only the ut most caution on your part in all things you undertake, will save you from serious trouble. If the fox runs away from you. you may rest assured that after a short combat with antagonistic forces, you will emerge triumphant and thereafter will have nothing to fear from them. If the fox IS dead. you have already won the victory without knowing it, and will learn of your success in a very short while. It does not all ways follow that a woman who has such a dream knows that she has enemies, and in cases where she is ignorant of this fact, it will be well for her. to look about her carefully, to separate the black sheep from the white among hen acquaintances and relatives, and to be on her guard for the first sign of a hostile glance.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
Public Opinion Did It


 Whenever the common people, who wield the forces called public opinion, grow doubtful of their power they should be able to draw some reassur- ance from the latest announcement of the Steel Corporation concerning the twelve-hour day. The twelve-hour day in the steel mills is to be abolished. This time there is no reservation in Judge Gary's statement. Although he guarantees to make the change only "as rapidly as the supply of labor will permit" and not at once, he adds that there will be no unnecessary delay on the part of anyone" Two years ago the eight-hour shift was declared impossible in the mills by Judge Gary on technical grounds. Last spring it was declared impossible by the same authority because of the labor short age. But in his letter to President Harding MT. Gary made it clear that surrender was inevitable, that public opinion was inexorable on the subject of the twelve-hour day.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
INQUIRING INTO OIL PRICES

The people are accustomed to fed eral investigations into price-fixing. They first took them seriously and hopefully, then with amusement, now they are extremely bored by any such profitless and purposeless expenditure of the public funds. The reports have usually contained facts that everybody already knew in a general way, and nothing material has ever been done with them in the way of causing price reductions. When a governor of a state inaugurates an inquiry of similar nature, there is speculation whether he may or may not have in mind some definite purpose of curing the ills complained of. Accordingly, the peo- pie are willing to give Governor Neff of Texas the benefit of the doubt in his proposed inquiry into the price of gas and oil and into reported combina- tions for the purpose of price-fixing
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08

Baldwin county is the cultivation of the Satsuma orange, which thrives in Baldwin and Mobile counties, and, ow- ing to the businesslike manner in which the marketing is done, became standard product throughout the country very shortly after the groves began bearing. The success attending the fruit and vegetable business in Baldwin and Mobile counties is not remarkable. It is the product of the intelligent exercise of natural advant- ages. The opportunities were always there just as other opportunities for diversified farm production are every where in Alabama. Where success attends there has been application of commonsense and observance of the laws governing business operations
 Fruit and vegetable producers of Bald win and Mobile counties owe success to treating the soil the same as sue. cessful manufacturer treats his ma chinery and markets his product
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
PRESIDENTS BEASTS OF BURDEN

The distressing close of the public career of President Harding following so closely the breakdown of Presi- dent Wilson will open the eyes of the American people to the need for such change in the duties of the nations much of the unnecessary drudgery which attaches to tthat office. The duties, the responsibilities of the presi- dency have, been very heavily in- creased during the last few years. The World War and it's results, the multitudinous problems that grew out of that conflict, did much to increase the work of the American president. The nations business is very much larger financially, politically and in many other ways than it ever was. Very much more is required of the president than ever before. He has no hours of his own, not even for pri, vate study and reflection. He can find little time for rest and recrea- ton. In short, he is a beast of bur den, a servant with tremendous re- sponsibility piled upon constant work and worry.
 The situation has gone from bad to worse. When a president takes a brief trip for recreation, he is hard at work large part of the time. He cannot keep any regular hours for diet, sleep and exercise. He is at the beck and call of the nation day and night. Family life is we'll nigh out of the question. Constant demands upon his time for public functions, endless claims for his attention, all sorts of routine work that should be done by others, tax his strength beyond human endurance, with the result that none but men with the strongest physiques and wonderfully poised temperaments can stand up under the strain.
 The American people may as we'll understand that there has got to be a change in all of this if they would avoid oft repeated periods of grief and regret over break-downs or deaths of their presidents. There are few of their presidents.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
ONE TRICK A DAY
The Bottle Cannon

Here is an exact imitation of a heavy piece of field artillery that can be presented at the dinner ta- ble with a trifling bit of prepara- tion. Take thick empty bottle eff you can find a long forgotten empty champagne quart. nothing would be better) and fill it one third full of water. In this water dissolve a certain quantity of bi- carbonate of soda. Place a quan- tity of tartaric acid in a playing card rolled up into a tube and tied around with thread, which must be held attti) )Ob--.cwhoIso must be sealed at one end with a couple of pellets of plotting paper Suspend this cartridge from the inside end of the cork of the bot tie, which must be held upright for the operation by a suitable of thread and a small tack. The open end of the cartridge must be above, and when all is ready you just cork the bottle, having allowed just enough string to swing your gunpowder clear of the water.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
Of Long Standing
est. Louis Post-Dispatch)

\OI. LOUIS 1OSJ-DlSpdCcnJ
 A good many people have endeav- ored to learn the date and origin of the economic political philosophy which results in the twelve-hour day and other practices of the steel indus try. The date has been variously placed at from 50 to 200 years ago. It now appears that all the guessers were wrong. The following excerpt is from speech which Judge Gary de- livered recently before the American Iron and Steel Institute-of which he is president-after his return from an extended tour of European coun- tries Formerly kings were inde- pendently powerful. Now they have little to say when disagreements oc- cur, however much beloved the mon- arch may be. Perhaps this is best. though there is always danger of car rying the distribution of governmental or state control too far for the welfare of the entire population" In other words, Judge Gary regards the sub stitution of limited for absolute mon- archies as hazardous experiment. He shakes h ishead doubtfully over the half-baked radicalism of the nobles at Runnymede, and shows unconcealed fear for the consequences of the par liamentary movements of the four teenth and fifteenth centuries.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
COAST COUNTIES, SUCCESS

Baldwin county communities have demonstrated to other Alabama sec tions what can be done in the cultiva- ton and marketing of fruits and vege- tables. Foley, Loxley, Robertsdale, Bay Minette, Fairhope, Magnolia Springs and Silver Hill have all shown that intelligence in use of the soil brings the same results as it's exercise in other avenues. Foley is noted for its sweet potatoes, Robertsdale for cu- cumbers and Irish potatoes, Loxley for cucumbers, sweet corn and Irish po- tatoes, while Magnolia Springs and others excel in the production of wa termelons. From this territory over two hundred carloads of melons have already been shipped this season. Large shipments are made by schooner to New Orleans, arriving there eight cen hours after being loaded.
 Another flourishing industry of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
MOTHERS OF FAMOUS
 MEN
of James Buchanan

Under Providence, l attribute any little distinction which I may acquire in the world to the bless ing which He conferred upon me in granting me such a mother" That is what James Buchanan, the fifteenth President of the United States, said concerning his mother, whose maiden name had been Elizabeth Speer. My mother was a remarkable woman," he said, "the daughter of a country farmer, en- gagged in household employment from early life, until after my fathers death, she yet found time to read much and to reflect deeply on what she read And he adds the significant remark: "It was chief ly to her influence that her sons were indebted for liberal educa- tion."
 All the world knows how much every mother doesstoward making and shaping the characters of her children. but it is especially note worthy to find so many of the worlds greatest men pausing in the midst of busy lives to pay lilbule GD the Influence or tn6lf mothers In forming them. Eliza- beth Speer Buchanan, although only the wife of an Irish farmer, believed in reading and study. She loved books, and she taught her children to love them. She was extremely religious, and she taught her children to love Gcd ana rear no man. She died twenty four years before her son became President, so she never saw his greatness.
 She saw him a member of con- gress and a minister to Russia. and she knew the direction m which he was going. When she married the young Irishman, James Buch- anan the elder, she marricd for love and not for money. She laughed while her husband cut tho logs for their log bcme, and she lit that log hut in the wilderness with the light of love--a light that lS never eXtinguiShed
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
PURPOSES OF POLITICIANS

Since President Coolidge took the oath of office every conceivable in fluence and effort have been employed to make him give some definite out line of his views and purposes as re- spects policies bearing upon foreign and domestic problems. The manner in which he has met these various forms of pressure speaks well for the mans powers of self-restraint. He has shown marked ability in that highly important function. That he will find frequent and pressing need for such a quality is obvious to any thoughtful man who comprehends the enormity of the burdens that will fall to the new president.
 With all that has been said of MT. Coolidge during the few days of his encumbency one paragraph from an article written by a close personal friend of years standing is especially noteworthy. It is this: "If you know him, he is an unusual type of public man. Politician? Yes, but not the sordid type-not the glad-hand style of the old school who entered politics for what they could get out of it. Calvin Coolidge is not hail fellow we'll met, who promises anything and everything to gain votes. His con- ception of politician is one who is willing to put into the government of his country more than he can get out of it."
 This country is full of politics. So much of. it is selfish and sordid, that many good citizens have ceased to have anything to do with the conduct of public affairs. But fortunately there are men who believe that poli- tics can and should be so clarified, so strengthened, so broadened, as to become an agency and safeguard for good government. America needs pol itics of that kind, and politicians who work for decent government, instead of those who use the public interests Tor provate selfish ends. Nothing could be of greater service to the nation than for it's policies to be di- rected along such lines as will elevate the standards of public life and raise the plane of citizenship. If the new presidents political ideals are cen tered to put more into the govern ment than he gets out of it, as his friend declares in the word picture, the American people are fortunate in the motives and character of the man in the White House.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-08-08
The Presidents Influence (New York Herald)

The announcement by Judge Gary that the steel industry will begin at once to abolish the twelve-hour day signalizes long step in social prog ress, credit for which is largely due to Warren G. Harding. The twelve hour day in the steel mills is relic of past era, even though steel is not the only industry in which the two- shift day has been maintained. In varying degrees it has fingered in most of the so-called continuous process in- dustries. But the steel plants have been the most conspicuous of these, and in them it's abolition has been most sharply contested. The question has been alive during the fifteen years since the Pittsburg survey was made. Slowly public sentiment has ripened and finally when President Harding declared himself, sentiment definitely crystallized against the long working day. It is not possible to overestimate the importance of the late presidents contribution to this cause.