davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1923-08-26
BRITISH MOVE
FROM TURKEY

coNsrANTINoPLE. Aug. U.s.
The British evacuation of Turkish
territory. in accordance with the
terms of the treaty of Lausanne.
was under way tonight.
Tho second Sussen regiment de-
parted for Malta today.
, 1923-08-26
Preparations Go FORWARD forWalkout of $4,000 Men as
Governor Pnchot Arranges for Peace Conferences;
Little Hope of AgreementF Felt by Leaders
BY PAUL r. MALLON,
UNITED Press Staff Correspondent

ATLANTIC CITY, N j., Aug. 25-Anthacte nine workers are going into the
conference with Governor Pinchot in HARRISBURG Monday determined to stand
firmly on their demands from the operators.
Assurances that the union would insist that their previous demands be met we're
IN he highest authority here tonight. While the leaders do not wish to be in
iMa1 NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. I Hn ni
, 1923-08-26
Weather Forecast

Wyoming - Scattered thunder
showers Sunday, cooler in south por-
ton; Monday generally fair.
, 1923-08-26
SALT CREEK TESTS
TOBE REPEATED NOVEMBER
Conservation. Committee Agrees on Program at
Denver Conference; Midwest Accepting
65 Per Cent Of We Capacity.

DENVER, Colo, Aug. 25:-(special to The Tribune).
The Salt Creek oil field will undergo new general pro
Iduction tests in November, 1923, and in March, 1924, it
was decided here today at a meeting of the Salt Creek
Conservation committee which recommended that pur-
lchasers accept 65 per cent of potential developed nroduc-
, 1923-08-26

tIoh as uetermihed bv a test recently
made of all wells in the field.
Tho Midwest Refining company
announced that its pipelines would
accept 65 per cen of the output of
Evening star., 1923-01-28
NUMBER OF REFUGEES
IN SH|PWREck IN DOUBT
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
MANILA January 27-It is report
ed here today that the ono ship or
the Russian refugee fleet reported
wrecked of FormoSa yesterday was
small, but IL Is not known how many
persons were aboard. All other veg
sells OF the fleet either are in auaran-
tine at Mariveles, Philippine Islands,
or else are reported en- route from
Formosa-
Admiral Stark, commander of the
exiles, said the four ships presumably
on their way here should arrive in
the next few days unless stormy
weather compeis them to take refuge
at some northern port. He added
that he had confidence in the officers
of these four vessels, and believed
that mono had deserted.
Gov. Gen. Wood questioned Admiral
Stark today regarding the title OF
the refugees on their ships Ths ad
miral said they had belonged to the
kerensky regime. the last Russian
government which the refugees rec
ognized. He declared that his men
were holding the vessels in trust for
such stable government as might
finally be established in Russia He
explained that the Vladivostok exiles
refused to recognize the soviet gov
ernment.
According to the Russian officers.
there is about $4,000 in American
gold aboard the ships.
Gov. Gen. Wood, on his return to
Manila from MariveIes, said he would
ask the government at Washington
to allot part of the Russian relief
fund for the refugees here. He added
that nothing had been determined
regarding their final disposition.
Evening star., 1923-01-28
MACEDONIA REBELS
IN GUERRILLA WAR
Well Armed Bands Attack
Greeks, Serbs and Bull
garian Garrisons.
By CONSTANTINE sTEPHAN0vE.
By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News
tbpyrfxht. 1923

BY CONGTANT1NE STEPHANOVE.
By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News.
Copyright, 1928.
SOFIA January 27.-Dsspite the
severe winter and the deep snow. the
Macedonian revolutionaries continue
their activities. Recently they had
skirmishes with the Greek army and
then made incursions into Bulgarian
territory In tho Petritch and Kusten-
all districts, where they became die
tators for the time being. Now they
are showing intense activity in CEN
trail Macedonia, where the Serbian
authorities are greatly perplexed.
The Macedonian organizations are
led by Theodor Aexandrov, q noted
organizer and Euerrilla fighter, aided
by Albanian, Wallachian. Turkish and
under whose command arc bands
often numbering moro than 1000 well
armed men. Fights with Serbian,
Greek and Bulgarian outposts are
frequent, particularly with the Scr
bians, who hold tho greater part OF
Macedonia.
Last week. At q point near Istib.
. regular battle was fought between
Aexandrov's band and the Serbian
day. According to Belgrade reports,
the fevolutionaries attacked tho ool-
onIst brought there by the JuKoslav
government, and in the engagement
which ansued many were killed or
wounded Tho attack had been we'll
organised, the revolutionaries dis
playing strong military discipline and
hand bombsl Owinr to this event, the
government has offered $780,
900 dinars for the head OF Theodor
Evening star., 1923-01-28
ST. FRANCIS LAUDED.

ROME, january e7.--Pope Ftus to-
day published an encyclical on St
Francis Of Sales. proclaiming him the
patron Of Christian writer's
st, Francis OF Sales was born at
Sales, near Anneoy, Savoy, in 1867.
and died at Lyons on December 2S,
1922. He was appointed Bishop of
Geneva in 1909, and later became one
Of the founders Of the Order OF the
Visitation. Among his writings, the
most famous was "Traite de LAmour
de Dieu." He is commemorated on
The sweetness oil the saints char
acter, says the encyc!icai. coupled
with mis- profound doctrine, en-
ablsd him to convert innumerable
souls, His strength rendered him
invincibla in aafsEuarding tho rights
Of the church and his evangelical lib
erty LED MIN TO reveal the hypocrisy OF
Among hi. writing. the Pope re.
calls 'Introduotion to Devout Life
and Treatise on Cody Love-" The
pontiff says the first mentioned work
should be read by all Christians. as
it 10 the most perfect book Of. its
kind and pgovss that san0tttY - recon-
cf1ab1e with any status in life.
Evening star., 1923-01-28

march to Berlin II necessary, and then
point out that, by failing to meet her
obligations. Germany had destroyed
the treaty of Versailles. This would
then France could force a separate
peace treaty with Germany.
Error Realised Too Late.
The German government realized too
late its tactical error in claiming the
French action demolished the peace
pact and in refusing to enter into ne
EQUATIONS with France and Belgium
until they withdrew their forces, and
the impossibflity Of arousing In tho
revenge and hatred which would re-
suit in the boycott of all foreigners.
The simplest logic forbids the use of
Justification in defense Of the Ruhr
workers that they owe allegiance to
their own government and own laws
while at the self-same time French
and Belgfans were being driven out
or hotels and restaurants In the oc-
cupied zone because they were carry
ing out the orders OF their military
ana civilian omcers oftentimes un-
willingly.
The Berlin government at last sees
Its error and now is all too loudly
crying for the international interven-
ton and expressing willingness to
enter into negotiations OF the entire
~~SSA 1NAoAS SaSSAAoA
Would Accept Intervention.
II Intervention speedily il offered by
some great power 1t will be accepted
by both sides. France neither wishes
increased taxation nor to be COM
PEELED to call up further classes of
soldiers to the colora The French
government would be unable to Jus
venture in parliament and would
breathe freely if the deficit this year
were covered by four billion francs.
The simplest French peasant could
easily be convinced of Germany's
good will il the captains of industry
everything among themselves. The
average Frenchman would be glad to
hear no more of arrests, shootings
and other highly questionable meas
ures in the Ruhr.
Form OF Ac4uittal.
Complete evidence of this is the re-
suit of the Mayence court-martial.
quittal. Had Germany not listened to
England's siren song she would have
prevented the occupation OF the Ruhr
and a Franco-German cooperation
would have been arranged which
would have made possible a payment
on account of reparations in accord
ance with Germany's limited power to
pay. But SO far only indignant pro-
although the immense rise in the
shares of the Ruhr corporations on
the German bourses shows how little
the German people really believe that
the end Of all things 10 approaching.
Our most important duty Is not ouib-
bling over legal questions or stirring
up national passions, but to find a
method whereby the finely organized
Ruhr industry, from which the prin-
cipal European coal supply is received.
u
tions must be recognized as a prob
lem affecting all Europe at the last
and all wild bulls must be excluded
from our sick continent
Evening star., 1923-01-28

diplomacy, busying itself In London
and Berlin. but expressly disclaiming
tenders of mediation, gives the inn
preston Of offering its good offices to
that end. Mussolini denies such in
tention, but his ambassadors seem
more desirous of intervening than of
nrmiy lending their support on the
side to which Italy's policy is pledged.
Italians Wabbly.
Naturally everybody desires the
ending of the present crisis, but there
Is more than one way to do II and the
Italian position seems ambiguous
May add the American way appears
similar
Eastern republican senator's seem
70 advocate q certain Intervention in
European affairs without specifying
exactly what. while western republi-
can senators seem more than ever
determined on isolation. The demo-
Gratis. rallyfng around Wilson's for
mulaa seem uncertain about how to
translate them into acts. The ad-
ministration has Withdrawn its troops
from the Rhine for reasons which,
perhaps, were not what the public
thought Between the contrary cur
rents II hesitates and tacks
l Will say. with that frankness to
which my friendship for your coun-
try entities me, that while all par
ties never have been at a loss when
1t came to telling Europe what to
do, they Seem completely stumped
when IL Is a question of what Amer
lea ought to do.
No Debt Agreement.
Washington and London seem to
have as much trouble in agreeing as
Paris and London have. The Baldwin
mission ended in failure despite the
efforts TO cover IT. Neither on the
question of capitaliZing the unpa id
interest for the last three years nor
agreeing on a rate for the future
could an agreement be reached. Lon
don thought an accord would be
facilitated by the fact that Great
Britain upheld the American view in
mistaken. The ideas of your Treas
ury and Britain's are irreconcilable.
The negotiations were for nothing.
This is another case OF pussyfoot-
ing. Only one country maintains the
same straight course which she has
that is Germany. Germany organized
the collapse Of the mark a annul the
foreign and domestic debt with one
stroke. She sacrificed her middle
class, whioh is ruined by the none
tary crisis. She will. II necessary,
sacrifice the prosperity of the Ruhr
1t is anything rather than pay. That
is her motto. The Russians burned
Moscow to elude Napoleon. The Ger
mans would annihilate the Ruhr in
dustries to escape the debt they
solemnly recognized. That ts the
source of Europe's disorder and an
archy. BY trying to make Germany
execute her engagements France is
working for the re-establishment OF
European peace, materially and NOR
ally. Some day people will wonder
why she got 50 little help.
Evening star., 1923-01-28
SAYS FRENCH PLAN
. EXPERIMENTATION
Declaration by Poincare TAX
ing Over Valley Is Expected
Soon, Writer Believes.
BY WILLIAM BIRD.

tBy Cable 10 The Star
PARIS, January 27.-The French
government is swinging gradually
but surely to the political occupation
Of the Ruhr.
Criticism of it's attitude in insist
sng on the strictly economic charac-
ter of the movement grows sharper
daily. Observers predict Premier
Poincare shortly will come forward
with a declaration practically annex
ing the entire Ruhr district to France
without any definite time Limitation.
This prediction Is strengthened by
the latest action OF the French dele
gate. Louis Barthou. on the repara-
tions commission in declaring the to-
tai of Germany's unfulflled obliga-
fions under the reparations section
of the treaty of Versailles. This is
regarded as equivalent. to all intents
France of the treaty itself.
in other words. in assuming this
attitude France. practically declares
that the Versailles treaty has lapsed
I'LL her obligations. Additional sig
nif1canc. is furnished by the estab-
1ishmen Of a customs frontier east
of the ,ew1y occupied area, which
the I'M. 1duction of a new monetary
These mdd ifications in effect make the
Puhr a part of France, although un-
der martial instead of civil law.
This change of policy will, IT Is
hoped, provide France with consider
able profit chiefly through the linking
Of the Ruhr and the Alsatian metal
1urgical industries. =.
Plan Big Development.
The French believe that, while the
Ruhr coal production has declined
sharply since tho occupation, this
drop is due chiefly to the confusion
Of the movemen and that eventually
production will rise again, especially
when 1t is realized that Germany will
be the chief sufferer from any short
age, as the French will take what
coal they need, leaving Germany only
what then remains.
Already the French steer magnates
are planning a tremendous develop
Iuent Of the French metal industries
based on a longtime enjoyment of
the advantage of the Ruhr occupa-
ton.
Thus the economic advantages are
not lost sight Of, but the majority
of French opinion believes these ad-
vantages will not be fully obtainable
until the occupation takes a definite
political character, and the govern
mont now seems headed toward that
same attitude.
Copyright, 1881
Evening star., 1923-01-28

the commissioners have become
naked instruments Of q policy which
England has formally repudiated.
sonar Law, naturally. is undesirous
OF 0.p, widening the breach: but develop
must force hts hand. He is taking
soundipgs cautiously, but the head
long Proceedings of France dictate
the next step. despite himself.
IN influential circles the single
SUBJECT or discussion is what can be
done to save Europe. All hopes turn
t9ward. America as the one powerful
isinterested influence left in the
world. 1t Is fully recognized now
now immense were the consequences
or the withdrawal Of that influence
armistice. England and America,
acting together. might have imposed
reason on Europe. Equally free
from territorial interests of ambi-
tious Europe and equally concerned
perity- to Europe. they could have
helped. but the failure of the Anglo
American statesmen to work togeth-
er left Europe prey to the primitive
instincts OF revenge. 1t will take
TO redeem that failure.
European Suicide.
Can the English sh-speaking world
stand by while Europe commits sui
eide? That Is the question which is
taking shape in serious minds. Eng
land alone Is poweriess to check the
catastrophe. She has ceased to ex-
ercise any influence, while France,
conscious of her unchallenged mill
tary power, has taken the bit in her
teeth and is acting regardless of both
persuasion and criticism.
But IL the initiative of new policy
were taken by America, indorsed by
England, the combination would ex-
ert powerful moral suasion. 1t is
true that France is invulnerable to
any question of force and no such
considerations are entertained in any
quarter. 1t may equally be true that
she Is invulnerable to any economic
pressure. for she Is the most self
contained nation in Europe But in
the end moral Judgment must halt a
policy for the destruction Of Europe.
This consideration lends peculiar
significance to the movement for the
erection of a monument to the late
Evening star., 1923-01-28
Pussy-Footing Policy Menaces
European Peace, Says Tardieu
Frenchn,an Declares His Own. Country.
Britain, Italy and United States Mean
Well, But Results Are Not Clear.
GrO,ving Resentment of France
Under Foreign Criticism

Almost
intentions unclear results
Cemenceau and succeed a change Is
what imperative
act Of his limbs at and do onotj
o what
mi
to
of
Evening star., 1923-01-28
fascist TERROR"
|NCENTRAL EUROPE
Viennese Journalist Pictures
Vast Shadow of GalI0Ws
Under Construction.
BY NORMAN H. MATSoN.

By Cable to The Star.
VIENNA, January 27.-"The shadow
Of a vast gallows in the building
spreads across central Europe, and
we cannot help shuddering at the
sound Of the hammering."
So writes a Viennese journalist,
commenting on the reaction. The
most obvious symptom Of the reaction
ary trend is "fascismo." The fascists
are active In Warsaw. Prague, Buda-
pest, Munich, Belgrade and Bucha-
rest-in Rome they rule: Without
strength daily. The gallows seen by
the frightened liberal journalist are
the gallows of the military Dictator
ships planned by the fascist.
In Warsaw the fascist attempted a
'putsch." Their failure and the pop
by the assassination of the new presi-
dent forced but q temporary slacken-
ing Of their activities. First and fore
most, they demand q forcible Pol
izing" OF the new provinces which
are populated by white Russians, Uk-
rsinians and Jews.
They expressed their opinion Of
parliamentary government when they
beat up half q dozen deputies in
the street They are armed. and
their tactics are patterned after those
of Mussolini-they wreck the Offices
of opposition newspapers, they dis
patch fghting units on punitive ex-
petitions. their song to the glory of
Poland is becoming as familiar as is
"Giovanezza" in Italy. Finally, they
wear black shirts and salute in tho
ancient Roman fashion. as do the
cohorts Of Signor Mussolini
PIastered with Placards.
Prague is plastsred with fascist
placards warning the people that the
independent Czech state-"for 900
years q dream for which thousands
of patriots died on batuefelds and
gallows''-is in danger. and "our for
eign and internal enemies insolently
rejoice" The people must form
armed homo guards to defend the
nation from these enemies. It is
characteristic that neither the dam
ger nor the identity Of the enemies Ii
made clear. In the important fac
tory center of Reichenberg the fas-
OF local police and military be placed
Six thopsand black shirts recently
met in Budapest to orpanixe q fas-
cist political party, Their leader,
Deputy Stefan Friederioh, former pre-.
mier and the leader OF tho aboftive
attempt to put Karl Hapsburg back
on the throne, declared that tho fas-
eisti must seize all power; The c ma.
liberal catchwords. and q dictator
ship fs necessary"
Re went on: "rhe mkst terrible half
Of the world war - yet TO come. -
death stsug01s With ths ghouis sf the
sntsnts 10 unsysi6abte. zee . vast
Evening star., 1923-01-28
By MACMILLAN HARDEN,
Germany's Foremost Publicist.

BY Gable to The Star. Copyright, 1928.
BERLIN, January 27.-Admittedly
this is the most serious crisis for Ger
many since the signature Of the
treaty of Versailles. But. as was fore
seen last summer, the French deficit
81 10000. .oo0.0 900 francs, equal to S6.-
100000, 900. 900 paper marks, makes the
German deficit look like a dwarf be-
side the giant of fairyland tales. Once
It becomes impossible to conceal from
the small French merchant, peasant
and renter that they must pay 10 per
cent additional taxation their belief
that they have been deceived by the
government and that France really
lost the war will drive them wild with
rage.
The French iron masters, under
standing this situation, have utilized
1t to carry out their policies of secur-
ing quicker supplies of Ruhr coal to
smelt the Lorraine iron or, with which
they seek the commercial mastery of
Europe, and they triumphed over the
Paris financial leaders who counselled
temporizing with Germany in expec-
tation of securing big international
loan for her.
f0xes PQstpOned.
The iron masters were able to show
that the German government allowed
the Ruhr coal owners to postpone
payment of taxes amounting to 3d.
oo0,000.000 marks in the face of q
depreclating currency, thus reducing
the sum available for reparations
The iron masters thus had powerful
argument that pressure on the Ruhr,
source of Germany's wealth." prob
ably would induce her to make heavy
payments.
The leader of the French steel mag
mates is Millerand, once lawyer, later
deputy. now president of the repub-
lie, and he carried his point over the
objections of Foch, Barthou and the
others because Premier Poincare, the
stubborn headed Lorraine lawyer and
Journalist. saw only this way out. The
for 1000 men, who were to protect
the French and Belgian engineers.
Now 10000 are employed, with $4,000
additional mentioned as reserves.
Socialists Fail to Act.
Tho hope that the socialist miners
would turn against the profiteering
coal barons because their unwilling
ness to pay taxes and greed for profits
was notorious, did not materialize.
while the opposition Of the entire
Westphalian and Ruhr population
proved far more obstinate than any
tTencnman nad anticipated. me
French iron masters wanted to pose
as kind employers and enter into
peace negotiations. with valuable Ger
man pledges in their possession. They
have completely failed.
When 1t was apparent the original
plans would not work out a. group
headed by the French minister of war,
Laginot, made the Ruhr question a
matter of French national prestige.
demanded that force be employed to
break down all resistance. forcibly
Evening star., 1923-01-28

lines Of persuasion and agreement
rather than to push the differences OF
OF active opposition. There Is at
least the possibility. therefore, that
q compromise may be reached, 1eav-
te secretary Hughes action looking
toward an all-around agreement on
the reparations valuation. That IL
the most that can be expected from
Branting's move ct this stage, but It
the coming session Of the league
council the most important to date.
The Council will have @ less delicate
matter TO handle In the case OF Mosul,
which will como before It. due to
something from the wreckage Of the
Lausanne conference. Though the
Paris press IS using the most barbed
satire at the expense OF Cprxon's
declaration that the British point OF
view regarding Mosul was never In
huenced by the consideration of oil,
at the sans time there is no reason
to suppose that the French repre-
sentative on the council will not sup
port Curyon's initiative calling for
the leagues Intervention in the Mosul
question.
Yntsrventio. to 10 sought.
Intervention will be sought under
article xI OF the pact. by which
any member OF the league is entitled
to bring notice to the council OF
msnace OF war from q state not a
member Of the league, The council
Is then bound to consider all appro-
pirate measures for the maintenance
Of peace, and in case the disturber Of
peace defies its authority the council
may call on It's members to apply
economic sanctions.
French support Of the British ut
the council table was made easier by
the tact that tho frontiers of the
Treueh some and Syria vere not ques-
toned BY IsmAt Pasha at Lausanne,
and though France undoubtedly ID
sore over the Mosul oil {nterests, she
Is anxious to maintain the frtendliest
relations with Great Britain, In view
OF the development OF tho reparation
question,
II 10 / far cry from the Ruhr to
Nosul, but just the same there will
be the intsraction Of the two cues
tions behind the scenes OF the league
sounhll Q4oein9, from winch these
may be fntsrssting dsyeiopWsnfa.
Evening star., 1923-01-28
Tax Burden Driping French
Into Rulr, Harden Declares
Iron Masters, in Search of Coal, Over-
! came Financial Leaders Hopes
for International Loan.
RuI,r Will Work Itself Out


refu to deser
a by the
a violation Versailles
enlarged
o rmany way.
badly by
which
a
will be - -,