davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-07-29
Norman Bread Making.

1T is not hard to pesuade a Norman
j peasant to believe anything
strange or outrageous of that
extraordinary country. America, but
he always find is difficult to under
stand how 1t can be true that Ameri-
can women make bread,
The men of America must be brutes,
he thinks, for, although a farmers
wife in the north of France may do
a good part of the heavy work about
the farm. she never thinks of making
the bread. That is mans work, and
it Is carried on, not in the kitchen.
but in the stable!
The Norman peasant eats an aston
ishing quantity of bread. He has lit
tie else, except cider, for his break
fast and supper, and II is a very i'm
portant part of his MONDAY meal as
well.
The "loayes" are as round and as
paley yellow as the full moon: they
are often three feet in circumference
and eight or ten inches thick. Seeing
would be likely to take 1t for a large
cheese.
Bread making in a Norman house
hold being only a monthly occurrence
the operations must be on a scale
Of considerable magnitude IL the fam
lily supply is to be sufficient for four
weeks. The dough Is always mixed
in a certain inclosed space upon the
floor of the barn.
At other times cats, dogs and poul-
try enjoy the freedom Of this space;
but when bread making is toward,
these are evicted and the floor 10
thoroughly swept.
There Is no dough-pan or trough.
The -four and water are poured to-
gether upon the floor. and the farmer
and his sons or hired laborers beat
the mass into the proper consistency
with heavy clubs, widely fiattened at
the ends, until they look something
like roughly shaped snow shovels.
Then a lump OF leaven is added. and
the mass is given ten or twelve hours
to rise"
Next It must be kneaded, q process
which is accomplished with the feet.
SnOQ IN nedvy BdOOts, OF "OOueu SlOSS
not the everyday shoes, which are
painted black. but made Of unstained
whitewood-the men leap into the
midst of the dough. They jump about
with agility; they stamp and kick
the spongy stuff; they dance clumsy
jigs in 1t, the stiffening dough cling
ing tenaciously to their shoes. 1t is
the hardest of hard work, and re-
quires endurance as we'll as strength.
Before II Is time to stop more than
one of the men will be staggering
to and fro in the pasty mass, thor
oughly exhausted.
The dough Is allowed to rise Sec.
ond time; Is again soundly beaten
with the fattened clubs; is then put
/, into great round pans and baked in
the massive brick oven which stands
In almost every Norman stable.
The bread which results Is firm,
close in texture, and rather dingy in
color, sweet but dry, and decidedly
palatabie even to those who have seen
1t made.
AS the month draws to a close, the
outer crust becomes SO thick and hard
that it can only be penetrated by a
saw kept for this purpose. But this
horny shell has its use, for it keeps
the interior OF the loaf fairly sofE
and fresh. sometimes for several
months
Evening star., 1923-07-29

=" HE story about the Reverend
Pendlebury had already gained
considerable headway when 1t
first came to my ears. One day
as sat in my kitchen trimming
the lamp wicks. my antique neighbor'
cephas Bonner, hustled in, stamping the
snow from his felt boots.
well, what do you think about him?''
he GREETED me, as he pulled on his
mittens.
Him? who?'
About the Reverend Pendlebury.
a:..x CeY heard"
Heard? Shat?"
"Of course" he began. IT myself per-
sonally don't believe 1t, and I guess
none Of the folks does But be!n' you're
an elder. thought you oughta know
what they're sayin'. They're sayin'.
that he's had past"
Past? OF course. Most men near
sixty.five have had one"
He shot me a quick. cunning look.
"I reckon you know the sort OF past
I mean. elder" he said.
I snorted.
st don't know what bit of scandal
you've heard, but IL it reflects on the
Reverend Daniel Pendlebury, I'll say
right here and now. don't believe 1t"
We'll, elder" Cephas began again.
they're sayin' that Pendlebury isn't his
real name at ali-and that before he
came east to our church-'Cephas
whispered the last words-"he was an
out-and-ou bad uni"
Exactly what do they charge Rev
erend Pendlebury with having beenT'
demanded Cephas Bonner, knew. was
a fair-dealing man, an important MEM
Der of our church; and If he placed any
credance in the rumor, 1t was worth In
vestigkting. AS an elder, jealous OF my
church's reputation, I couldn't ignore
It. What's the rumor? "A woman?"
mo"
WAS he a drunkard?"
mo, they don't say that"
"A convict"
He might better have BEEN"
"Then what was he?"
CeRhas Bonner came close to me.
They say he was a common, pro-
fessional gambler
Rot" I said. Pure rot"
We'll. that's what they're sayin.' :
ANY facts, Cephas?"
We'll. not exactly. But you know
Matt Cobb, Luke Cobb's brother that
was visitin' him last week."
Yes; the brother that went to the
Klondike in the gold rush."
Well. Matt said to Luke that he'd
seen Reverend Pendlebury before. out
west. Matt said 1t was the way the
reverend has of pinching his nous
tache when he's a bit excited that
brought 1t all back to him. And the
little queer limp the Reverend has
that made Matt sure"
Sure? OF what?"
"That he'd seen the Reverend
Pendlebury out on the Kiondike ir
the old days
What of that?"
But" Cephas was growing ex-
cited, the Reverend Pendlebury
wasn't a clergyman in those day, Matt
said. No, sir. He was the biggest,
smartest gambler in Alaska. and he
ran the largest gambling outfit on the
Klondike."
"Bosh! Utter bosh"
"Mebbe it is. I'm just tellin' yo,
what Matt Cobb said," answered
Cephas.
We'll, go on. What else"
Matt said that the Reverend was
known as Diamond Steve Paige ou,
there, because he always wore a big
diamond stud plumb in the cente,
os his shirt. And he always wore
Evening star., 1923-07-29
Most Industrious Americans
Are Residents of the District

women OF ten or over in the District.
Clerical occupations accounted for
the largest proportion Of the Dis
trict's gainfully employed. the num-
Der In that classification having been
1901, or almost one-third of the
total employed in gainful occupations
in the District. There were more wom-
en- In the clerical classification than
men, women numbering 43.153. while
men numbered 2s.s7s. The women IN
clerical work were almost one-half of
the total women in gainful occupa-
tions.
The classes OF work the gainfuliy
employed of the District were do
ing. with the number of male and fe-
males, follow:
Evening star., 1923-07-29

We sat about in heavy silence, as
II we were watching at a bier. The
clock on the mantel licked off the
minutes. At 1870 Roy Siller stood
up, yawned and said:
Jaw, what's the use of waitin'?
The dominie's probably lit out for
Boston on the 1920 train. Let's have
the keys. I wanta get back to the
inn.'
Luke Cobb looked questioningly at
the rest OF US.
II reckon mebbe Silier's right" he
said sadly. "Eleven-thirty's the same
as IL. SO far as we're concerned-
We were beaten. Luke Cobb began
to struggle into his shaggy ulster;
Evening star., 1923-07-29

In the employment of children in
gainful occupations the District Of CO.
Iumbia's proportion is below that Of the
country as a whole, but there was an
increase in the proportion of both boys
and girls in the ten years from 1910 to
1920. Boys between ten and fifteen
years gainfully employed in 1920 num-
bered 1872, or "a per cent of the 17.14s
boys between those ages in the District.
Girls between those ages gaInfully en-
ployed in 1920 numbered 500. or 3.5 per
cent of the 18,0s1 in the District. In
1910 the proportion Of boys was SO
per cent and girls 2.s per cent.
The number of men and women Of
each age and period engaged in gainful
occupations in the District in 1920 were
as follows:
Evening star., 1923-07-29
Census Bureau Figures
show Washington leads
in Persons Engaged in
Gainful Occupations
a Higher Percentage
Than Any State in the
Union.

W YASHINGTONIANS. or rather
\Nf District Of Columbians, are
v the most industrious people
in the United States. That
Evening star., 1923-01-04

hiding throughout his stay. If he
proposes to make this his permanent
home he will be most miserable
creature, a fugitive from justice. un-
der sentence of Imprisonment, dodging
from place to place, always in fear
Of capture, subject to the suspicion
of others. This in itself will be a
punishment even if he never serves
the term imposed upon him by court
martial as military service dodger.
There will be no remission of vigi-
lance in Bergdoll's case, even though
he has become q negligible quantity
personally. The United States is un-
relenting in its pursuit of those who
flout its laws, and Bergdoll may be
assured of strict watchfulness on the
part Of the government agents if he
should try to slip past the barriers
and to take up his habitation here.
Those who are implicated directly or
indirectly in his escape from custody
should be even more alert than the
government itself in putting him once
more in charge to serve out his term
il he should turn up in this country
Evening star., 1923-01-04
EDITORIAL DIGEST

that national social and financial
conSiderati tions alike unite In showing
the accumulating dangers Of the pres
ent condition. 1t should not be al
lowed to drift"
Approving the principle. the New
Orleans Times -Picayuns (democratic)
insists sooner or later the change
must. and. therefore. will, be made.
Industry will have to escape the chill
ing grasp of this sort of tax-exempt
mortmain that would lock up capital
in non productive public undertak-
tngs. The matter is far too serious
to be made a pawn in the political
game. Both parties are pledged to 1t,
so why this unseemly opposition" In
the opinion of the Mobile Register
tdemocratic). however. the~whole sub
ject 'is matter of applied economics.
The uninstructed citizen would be
glad TO have a trustworthy light
thrown upon It," Inasmuch as the
federal debt decreases while the state
debts increase. the Philadelphia
lican) argues that "the amount of
taS-dodging wealth in the country
increases. II 1t is a part of the pur-
pose of the republican objectors to
this amendment to challenge the lead
ership of President Harding, they
have chosen an unfortunate position
in which to Justify their revolt in the
minds of the mass of republican
voters. IL is also the view of the
Wilkes-Barre Record (republican)
that under the present system the
federal government is losing tens of
millions of dollars in taxes The ma
tion's prosperity is hindered. The
practice is nothing less than rank
discrimination" But the real OBJ
stacle to the plan, in the opinion of
the Manchester Union independently
sis the necessity of obtaining the con-
sent of two-thirds of the Congress
before the question can be submitted
to the states"
Evening star., 1923-01-04

the debates. II he spends his after
noon IN the Senate gallery he must,
of course, lean over the balcony now
and then and swap jokes with Sena-
tor Lodge and the other notables.
After the Washingtonian has spent
the afternoon in this agreeable way
he walks up to the White House and
takes supper with the President. How
could it be otherwise? Warren Is one
of the folks, and the Washingtonian
and the President are neighbors. Per-
haps after supper, if there are no am
bassadorial or high society high jinks
to be attended to. the President goes
over to the home of the Washing.
tonian and the two, and their families,
engage in a game of casino, euchre
or seven.up.
- The Washingtonian is always on
familiar terms with "our congress
man." and the two, must get on IA
mously together, because, "our Con-
gressman Jim" is such sociable fel.
low! -"f rE
The Washingtonian ought never to
be in need Of cash. Does he not live
next door to the Treasury, or on the
same street, or certainly not far away.
and surely money must be plentiful
| in such a place as that!
Evening star., 1923-01-04
The Unreal Washingtoniau.

There are many Americans In the
provinces who have strange and
somewhat Incorrect ideas about the
Washingtonian. Many think that
every Washingtonian lives and moves
in that peculiar sphere called high
society" He, the Washingtonian, eats
many dinners in the middle of the
day at the embassies and drinks cham.
pagne and smokes costly, cigars with
the ambassadors. 1t must be so, be-
cause are not the Washingtonians and
the ambassadors neighbors? One of
the principal occupations of the
Washingtonian Is welcoming and hob
nobbing with princes, premfers and
even kings and queens who come
a.visiting to Washington.
Generally, the Washingtonian spends
his afternoon in the galleries of Con.
gress, or perhaps lounges on the
benches In the chambers listening to
Evening star., 1923-01-04
Weighing the Sword.

If France goes to the threatened
length of seizure of the Ruhr in an
effort to collect reparations from Ger
many the moment her troops begin to
move will be one of the most serious
in the worlds history. 1t will estab-
lish q precedent and set in motion a
chain Of circumstances which may
bring to mankind miseries so great
that the Affections of today will be
looked back upon as blessings Civili-
zation stands aghast at the prospect
which is unfolded.
More than two thousand years ago
the Gauls sacked Rome and only a
ransom in gold saved the citizens from
butchery. AS the gold was being
weighed the Romans complained that
unfairness of the counterpoise made
their burden heavier than had been
agreed upon. Whereupon Brennus,
the leader of the Gauls, threw his
sword into the scales along with the
did so: Vac victis'' C'Woe to the
vanquished'l..
That happened long before Christ
came on earth to teach men charity,
but it Is never recalled except in re-
proach, and because the Romans were
ruthless race has never excused the
ruthlessness OF the Gauls. 1t has been
difficult to believe that now, with more
than twenty additional centuries of
civilization to the credit of mankind.
France would throw her sword into
the scales in which reparations were
being weighed. Poincare surely can
not wish that history should couple
lis name with that Of Brennus. II
France is resolved upon this course,
she must go alone and without SYM
rathy or moral support from the ma
lions which fought by her side when
liberty was at stake. Nor will those
ward q France in peril as they felt
when the German hordes swept down
upon her.
France processes to fear a war of
y
sists in planting the seeds for such a
war. Brennus may have thought he
had SO burdened Rome as to make his
borders safe, but the time came when
the Romans marched into -Gaul and
exacted terrible retribution. Two
thousand years is a long span, but not
long enough to give assurance that
history will not repeat itself. The one
thing France cannot afford to do is
to turn the worlds sympathy from
herself to Germany and make the
world forget German sins. Yet the
one thing which would do that would
be to use the sword to collect debt
in excess of what the world believes it
IS possible Germany can pay.
Evening star., 1923-01-04
THE WAYS OF WASHINGTON
BY WILLIAM PICKETT HELM.

But 1t has already gone out" an
assistant ventured.
Then we'll have to call IT back.
Where's McNeely"
McNeely, head Of the press service.
was summoned. The Postmaster Gen.
eral asked him to try to get the story
! back.
/ And for the rest of the afternoon
McNeely and staff sat at the tele-
phone calling up correspondents to
| kill" the story and a flock of mes
sengers went all over the city gath
ering up the copies distributed. The
story was "kiiled," except for local
publication, where 1t was already in
the newspapers.
II you think that the Post Office
Department is permitting the ship
ment of bulkier things than ever
through the mails. you're wrong.
The limit was established nearly a
century ago when the mails were
carried by stage. 1t was in the time
of Andrew jackson. Maj. Barry had
been appointed Postmaster General
and invited to sit In the cabinet-the
first time the Post Office Department
had been thus represented.
Land Admiral Reeside. red-head-
ed, red-faced and side-whiskered. had
| between Washington and Pittsburgh.
He used to strive to please. especially
the members of Congress. One day
he was approached by a certain infiu-
entail senator.
Admiral" said the senator. 81 have
! a very fine horse at Pittsburgh.
, want to get the animal to Washing
! ton. How can I do IL best?"
Frank the beast" Reeside sug-
! gested.
"A capital idea" agreed the sena-
| tor. I'll do 1t this day"
The senator prepared a frank" by
writing his name on a bit of card
! board. This he gave to Reeside. who,
on the next trip to Pittsburgh, fast
ened it to the horses halter.
Reeside then hitched the horse to
! the mail stage. and the animal, by
easy stages. trotted all the way. un-
! der government frank, from Pitts
| burgh to Washington.
] coming DdCh 10 the SHTlStIIldS Ild IL
of 1922, we are advised by the postal
authorities that John Smiths old
| mother received Johns Christmas
card.
John Smith-no. it isn't his real
,name-mailed the card at Buffalo.
! He forgot to put a stamp on it before
| dropping 1t in the chute. but, through
/ unusual foresight. placed his name
and address under the Christmas
greeting.
/ The postmaster at Buffalo held the
| card and wrote John at the address
/ given. telling him to forward one
cent for postage. Meantime, how
ever. John had gone to Rochester,
1 The postmaster's letter was forward
cd, reaching him four days before
! Christmas
| On the afternoon of December 21
the postmaster heard from John.
He telegraphed one cent for post
age
Evening star., 1923-01-04
Bergdou.

For some days reports have circu-
lated in this country that Grover
Bergdoll is trying to slip past the
guards and return to the United
States. Several ships have been
searched for him on information that
he was aboard, but without result.
Conflicting reports have come from
Germany regarding him, but the be-
lief prevails that he is trying to re.
turn.
Just why Bergdoll would want to
get back into the United States is not
altogether clear, unless he Is after
money. He may be still trying to
recover that famous hidden gold from
the mountains Of Maryland, in, the
course Of an expedition to recover
which, while a prisoner at Governors
Island, he gave his conductors the
slip and made his escape. Unless his
family has cast him off,. however, 1t
would seem to be unnecessary for him
to risk arrest by returning to the
United States to get funds. for com
munications are open between the
United States and Germany.
II this young%maa succeeds In get
ting in he wan BE- under necessity Of
Evening star., 1923-01-04

hquor-although Kansas was supposed
to be a Sahara even in those days.
What, young man." demanded the
stranger. "are you doing?"
!. The embryo lawyer made the rather
obvious reply that he was reading
law.
nDon't do it; don't do it, said the
stranger. "If you must study a pro-
fession, take to medicine. There is
nothing in the law. / have tried it.
have practiced all the way from here
to the Pacific coast, and / tell you
there is no money in it,"
But the embryo lawyer, who in real
life was. Edward F. Colladay, today a
leading. member of the District of
Columbia bar and president of the
Washington Board of Trade, not to
mention republican national commit
teeman for the District, replied that
he knew all about being q county
doctor, for his father was one, and
he had seen him come in night after
night at all hours, with beard and
mustache stiff with frozen snow, after
travelling miles and miles through the
cold on horseback or in his buggy. He
knew, he said, that he was not going
to he country doctor.
So the stranger took another tack.
II he.must be lawyer, then go east
not west go to one of the big cities
where there was law business to be
had. Rural communities. the stranger
argued, were all right for farmers
but all wrong for lawyers.
What the stranger said bore fruit
in the mind of young Colladav. He
had been observing for himself: He
had entered the law office of the
leading lawyer in Hutchinson, then 8
Evening star., 1923-01-04
January tMareh 4.

Two months from today the session
and the Sixty-seventh Congress come
to an end
Whether the tables can be cleared
is a question. They ought to be.
Every consideration of good business
and good politics calls for the dispos-
ing of all matters on the card.
Difficulties, however, may arise. In
deed, they are threatened. Debate on
more than one measure may be spun
out with view of defeating action.
The maneuver may not go under the
rame of flibuster, but the design and
the effect will be the same.
The machinery of Congress is nice.
1y adjusted. 1t can be made both to
facilitate and to retard action. When
high. it affords an observer real en-
tertainment.
It is in competent hands and the
stakes are high today. Parliamenta-
rians of skill and experience are in
evidence on both sides. The stakes
range all the way from the measures
in controversy themselves to advan-
tages in next years presidential cam
paign.
3 The majority is responsible for busi-
ness. If it stands together and en-
ploys the agencies at its disposal it
can do business. If it falls apart
becomes the prey Of factionisn1-it not
only cannot do business, but by neg
iecting business will snarl things up
for the next Congress, whose work
will be most important, and should
not be handicapped by untoward in
heritances OF any sort.
Evening star., 1923-01-04

struggling town of a few thousand
souls. He had begun to study law
and stenography at the same time.
In two months he had mastered
correspondence of the Office He con-
tinued to drive away at the law and
in couple of years time he was
admitted to the bar. having been
lawyers and the district Judge. He
was not yet twenty-one years old.
He had taken testimony and had
helped to prosecute violations of the
was admitted to the bar. picking up
small fees for this outside work. and
all the time he was working in his
employers office also.
One day a farmer came into the
office and asked him how much it
laday told him 1t would be a dollar
whereupon, the farmer jumped up
and said that John Jones. down the
street, would do 1t for a quarter and
throw in the notary fee to boot.
This clinched the matter for young
Colladay. He was going east. Fur
thermore, he had reached the conclu-
sion that he must know more about
the law; that he would so to law
school while at the same time he
An examination of the various law
schools in the east and the costs ac-
companying them put Harvard and
Columbia in New York out of the
question. 1t cost SIS a week for board
In Boston and New York and out in
Kansas you could live well at SO
week. The catalogue of the old Co
lumhian Law School, now George
Washington. appealed to Co1laday.
however. Among it's faculty were
the late Justice Brewer and the late
Justice Harlan of the United States
Supreme Court and other men of
prominence. So to the National Capt.
tai, 1T was decided, Colladay would go.
Instead OF going west to make his
fortune. this resident of Kansas Che
was born In Virginia, ILL.,, where
| accused Of murder by springing on the
jury the almanac to prove witness
could not have seen the murder by
| the light OF the moon, for there was
: no moon) went east He entered the
Columbian Law School and found
| work in a law office, too.; His first
| fee, to him in those days big one,
came from dlgesting some books for
! e. c: Brsndenburg to be used in con-
! nection with "Brandenburs on Bank
ruptcy"-a fee OF SIS. .i
| Another piece of advice which was
given Mr.. Colladay during his Kansas
| days came from his old employer.
do not" he said, hold public office,
but stick to your profession. Go into
politics; be interested in your gov
! ernment and take hand in IT, but let
the other men take the Offices until
you have accumulated an independent
| competence"
Mr.. Colladay has never yet held
/ once, though he has been interested d
| in and taken considerable part n
party politics.