Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1923-07-07
A Declining Industry

many years as the state in which
the greatest quantity of naval stores
was produced. In sense, this has
been a by-product of our native for
ests. Twenty-Five years ago our
people believed they would never en-
E compass the destruction of our great
woodland areas. Now we know
their conclusion was erroneous be-
81 cause our forests are all but gone.
=. AS a result, there has been a no.
table decrease in the production of
naval stores. We cannot afford to
let this condition continue, because
we have vast areas of land better
suited for the growth of forests that
will yield naval stores than for any
!, other purpose. The value and i'm
portance of this industry is prob
ably not realized as generally as it
should be. Therefore, it seems APP
propriate to direct attention to what
naval stores have meant to Georgia
and to recall some of the history as
ISOLATED with the development of
this type of enterprise. Professor
Lewis r. Smith, adjunct professor
Of forestry, Georgia State College
ofaAgriculture, has summed up the
other writer whom I have seen un-
dertake to discuss this subject.
f o Since 1850 the production of naval
stores has been one of the principal
industries of the south. The acme
production was attained about
1900 and has decreased approx
nlately so per cent since that time;
due primarily during the last fiji
teen years to the exhaustion of viz
gin timber. The rapidity with
which the resources were used is
evidenced in the average yearly pro-
tftittion for the six years ending. in
1919, which has been estimated to
range between 23.000,0O0 and 25,-
d, O0o,O 900 gallons of turpentine and be-
tween 100000, 900 and $40 100000
pounds of rosin.
The figures regarding the total
supply in the south at the present
time are: 226.000000 gallons of tur-
pentine and 6,90O,000000 pounds of
resin. These statements are impor-
tant in view of the fact that if this
rate of decrease continues, within
ten or fifteen years the United
States will lose its supremacy in
the worlds turpentine market and
probably in time will be unable to
supply its own needs.
Some of the Improbable turpen-
tine practices which have been the
usual methods in the past are:
Working Small-sized trees, cutting
too many faces per tree and heavy
chipping. A good method Of man.
agement suggested by the United
States forest service, is as follows:
When the trees are twenty-five
tos thirty years old. the least desri-
able. trees are selected. These trees
are first worked for a period of four
or Ave years for turpentine, follow
ing system Of cupping that will
give the maximum immediate finan-
cfaF returns to the operator and
then are removed. When forty
years of age, the remainder of the
stand is gone over, and the largest
and best trees are selected to make
up the final stand. The poorer class
Of trees is worked for turpentine
best. trees only, and the stand is
ready to receive a systematic, con-
sentative turpentine management for
thfrty-five to forty-five years. At
the end of the rotation, when the
trees are mature, they are heavily
worked for a short period and then
cut for lumber.
The bulk of turpentine and resin
has been obtained from the longleaf
pine. Therefore it is imperative that
this important source of supply be
protected. The question of future
longleaf pine forests rests largely
on controlling fires and razor
backs" Millions of acres of young
growth have been and are being
destroyed by these agencies. Nature
will do its part by furnishing and
sowing the necessary seed. Will
you do your part in helping to pre-.
vent the damage to the seedlings by
forest fires and unrestricted graz
ingr
. A Good Homemade Ration for Cows
Nv. H. H, Smyrna, Ga, writes:
. I ihave ID cows and a good Ber-
fmuda pasture. I would like to
know how to make a balanced
ration out of alfalfa, soy beans
and molasses. Should the al
falfa be ground?
We find alfalfa an indispensable
form of roughage to use in associa-
ton with our dairy cows. Alfalfa,
On yOu uOuUtlSSS KNOW, Is a ISSu1116
and-is very rich in digestible nutri-
ents. In fact, in experiments which
have been made, it has been shown
that two tons of alfalfa hay has the
feeding equivalent of a ton of wheat
, bran. In feeding alfalfa here at the
college, we do not take the trouble
to grind Or cut it up in any way. If
it is properly cured and preserved,
"a
We have no waste from our alfalfa.
It has been our practice in the sum-
- n1er-time to feed alfalfa hay and
silage together. OF course we use
some grain. Whe-& practicable we
a like TO make our grain ration up on
J the. basis of one-third corn, one-third
, cottpnseed meal and one-third wheat
bran. We reduce our grain ration
at those seasons of the year when
we have plenty of alfalfa hay. We
feed from 80 to 40 pounds of silage
along with what hay the cows will
eatiup clean. 1t IS our practice to
feed from one to one and one-half
pounds of grain to each 100 pounds
Of live weight. We find that the
liberal feeding of our cows is profit
able, though, of course. having to
guard against the cost of concen-
trated ration, we use as carefully as
possible. The silage we use is made
from sorghum and kaffir corn grown
in alternate rows. We prefer this
ration to silage. Our cows do just
az we'll on it, and this combination
crop has the advantage of with
standing drought well and making a
large yield per acre By this ar
rangement we can devote consider
able, areas of land to the cultivation
of, corn which we can use to advan-
tage as source of grain feed. Very
often we grind up the corn, cob.
shucks and all, and mix with cotton
seed meal, peanut meal and wheat
bran or ground oats.
Controlling an Invasion of Fleas
II w . Nc. old @