davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-12-09

raising more than s.ooo,o0o. 900
pounds per annum or an average of
nine tons per acre. In riding over
the country i saw no weeds. The
fields are close together with no Wis.,
ible boundaries and the whole land
is crazy quilt of richness.
These people mix their muscle with
brains and they educate their brains
for business. Bohemia had agricul-
tural chairs in its universities even
while we were fighting the War of
1912 with the British. Ten years be-
fore our civil war began the first
farmer school was established at Ra-
bin. and there are now scores of
farm schools, summer and winter, all
over the country. The winter courses
are five months in length. There are
agricultural high schools and univer-
stiles. There Is one at Tabor whose
course is three years, and one here at
Prague which has a course of four
years. There are experimental sta
tions, and new farm schools are being
Evening star., 1923-12-09

was good and the cherry shortcake in
which the cherries were planted.
seeds and all, tasted delicious. Dur-
ing my stay I took snapshots of some
of the farm girls. even to a sister and
cousin, who came from the village
stream in which they had been wad-
ing while washing the clothes Both
were good looking. can assure you.
The next farm l stopped at was
that Of the president of the Agrarian
Bank in Prague. The farm is situated
about thirty miles from the capital
and 1t contains three or four hundred
acres. Here the house faced the barn
yard, although it was beautiful con-
crete structure Of two stories and in
all respects most comfortable home.
Running out from each side of IL a
few feet from the home, were two
huge one-story barns or stables, each
two hundred feet long. All of the
buildings were rooted with tiles and
all were of brick covered with stucco.
/ went through the stables with the
owner and looked at the live stock,
all of which is kept up, the grass be-
ing cut and fed in the stalls.
In one room I was shown some tons
of grass ready for feeding. The grass
had been chopped fine to aid the di-
gestion of the beasts that were to eat
it. The horses and cattle were we'll
bred. Among them was a prize bull
which looked like a shorthorn. 1t
weighed over 1000 pounds. The
horses were for driving and heavy
draft and the hogs. some of which
weighed almost half a ton. were
Yorkshires and Berkshires. Here the
floors were also of concrete and the
buildings were lighted by electricity.
This farm was especially interest
ing in that it had been bought by
the banker in connection with the
land reform which is now going on in
Czechoslovakia. Before the war a
very great part of the country was
owned by several hundred aristo-
Gratis, who had inherited large estates
from their ancestors who had taken
part in the Czech revolution of 1920
A T the time the world war began
more than half OF all the land in
Czechoslovakia was in tracts of 500
to $500 acres. There were five hun
dred and twenty-one estates of that
size, and two hundred and fifty-five
estates of more than twenty-five hun
dred acres. The estates of FIVE thou
sand acres represented about one
fourth of all Bohemia, and at the
same time there were about seven
hundrd thousand Czechs who had only
from one to twelve and a half acres
each.
When the new republic was formed
parliament passed a law to take over
these great estates, paying their
owners a fixed price for them, and to
distribute them more evenly and
equitably among the people.
During this trip through the coun-
try l visited some of the cooperative
institutions which are to be found
all over Bohemia. The cooperative
movement started long before the
war, and there are now cooperative
associations of half dozen or more
different kinds. Some of these are
connected with the farmers, some
with the laboring men and some with
the consumers.
Copyright. 1928. Carpenters World Trsxslsl
Evening star., 1923-12-09
lures of Life Seen Motor Tour of Czechosovakia

lions, and every farm and every house
has Its flock. They form a character
istic feature Of every half mile of our
journey.
WE make notes of the village as
we go through. 1t is different
from any town of the same size In
America. The houses are Of one and
one-half stories. flush with the street.
They have walls of yellow stucco
and their red tiled roofs overhang,
The doors and windows are small
and are painted pale green. The
windows of the attics are not bigger
than a sheet of note paper. In this
town there are no sidewalks, and
the gutter runs right along in front
of the door steps. Other villages
have somewhat better roadways. but
none has any sidewalks to speak Of.
Evening star., 1923-12-09
BY FRANK G. CARPENTER.

bI FN4ANh u. CARPENTER.
PRAGUE.
% AXE a seat with me in one of
the big Prague automobiles of
the state department of Czecho-
slovakia for a ride across the
fertile plains of Bohemia. Our car
was made in the Prague factories. 1t
Is a big, seven-passenger touring ma
chine. and. although it has only four
cylinders, 1t can easily make fifty
miles and upward per hour. Our
chauffeur Is a Czech, and, like his
class, he is full of enthusiasm for
the new nation and everything In it.
He wants to show that his "Praha' is
the equal Of any automobile made in
America, and like Jehu, the son Of
Nimshi, he driveth furiously. We
leave the Palace Hotel in the heart
of the city, fly down the wide avenue
over the Belgian block pavements.
carefully directed by the uniformed,
helmeted traffic policemen, turn into
the Graben and go past the huge
Powder Tower. We cross Market
Square with its bronze statue OF John
Huss and drive over the river Moldau
on one of its seven stone bridges. We
next pass oil mills, locomotive works,
electric lamp factories and other in
dustrial establishments, and soon find
ourselves in the country.
The road is macadamiZed and as
smooth as a floor. 1t is lined on both
sides with fruit trees, which extend
on and on until they come to point.
On both sides of US reaching to the
horizon are the vast plains OF fat
crops which the men and women are
harvesting. and everywhere the farm
ers are working The fields have
no fences; there are no haystacks or
barns or other buildings alone on the
landscape. The reopls live in viii
lages of one and half story houses,
and we run through town at every
few miles.
How the wind blows! 1t is now
dog days. In America. and here the
sun shines. But the piercing blasts
are like those at the Prov Of steam
eF when 1t strikes a fifty-mile storm.
Our car Is going like q lightning ex-
press. and the cold air flies like
whistling corkscrew right through
my bones. I have on an overcoat.
sweater and two suits of undercloth-
ing and am still none too warm.
But see. Jan 10 slowing the speed
OF tho automobile. We are at the
edge Of a village, and there is a great
sign by the roadside that we must
slow down to six kilometers, or about
four miles. an hour. The contrast Is
such that we seem to be crawling.
anl u u well we are crawling. for
othefwiee our goose might be cooked
IN more ways than one. There are
1ecks OF geese everywhere. each
herded by a bare-legged girl, who
looks angrily after the machine as
we send them flying this way and
that. The geese are white and so
big that when served at the res
taurants the portions are like chops
and steaks. The geese themselves
arc quite ~ independent as the citi-
gems of this new republic, and a
shrill hiss of protest comes from
their wide open bills as we crowd
them to the side Of the road. Geese
are a part Of the live stock Of Bo-
hemia. They are raised BY the mill
Evening star., 1923-12-09

The gardens and stables are back
Of the houses with the manure often
lying between. The only flowers we
see are those In the windows. whore
boxss hold = blossom or So. The
water supply Is chiefly from wells
or from the streams where We see
women kneeiing down and washing
their clothes. In some quite large
towns, like Podebrady. tho water
comes from q fountain In the pub
lilo square and the servant maids
come and ladle 1t out with basins
into huge wooden buckets, which they
carry through the streets on their
backs. photographed boobed-
haired blue-eyed girl who Was carry
ing water this way. She took five
gallons or moro At 4 load and
laughed at me ~ the camera
snapped.
In the center Of the village is the
church. 1t has a great tower with a
cross on the top and there Is q
clock set into the walls. I venture
Bohemia has more town clocks than
any other land in central Europe.
They are often a. big as a cart
wheel. and tho hands and the hours
are painted with gold. Almost every
stseple has it's cross, and nearly
every house has its shrine. There
are crosses also out in the coun-
try where one may knssf and pray
by the side Of the road. The Bohe-
mians have always beon very religi-
ous. and until the end. of the world
war, Roman Catholicism was almost
by force the faith OF the country.
Since then wave Of Protestanism
and Agnosticism has swept over the
land and q National Church, which
partakes OF the Catholic and Greek
Orthodox, has many adherents.
Now we are again in the country.
flying along between the fruit trees,
whistle to keep the road clear.
There is plenty Of tranlc. and every
where the old kicks the heels OF
the new. We pass heavy teams of
draught horses. hauling loads Of two
or three tons. The horses wear high
collars trimmed with brass. and end
Ing In leather horn which rises
high over the shoulders. The wag-
ons are like those Of Russia, much
like the boats with which we haul
wood at home. They are high up on
wheels. and both single and doubie
teams, work with = tongue. When
one horse IL used he II hitched to one
side Of the tongus. and the singie-
tree at the back holds the two tugs.
There are many ox-carts and wag-
ons drawn by white-faced cattle,
and with them now and then q huge
motor truck comes plugging along.
saw ono ox-cart dragging An air
piane on wheels.
The lighter trafnc II carried by
humans. aad usually ~ humans el
the weaker sax. 1Asss a1U women
Evening star., 1923-12-09

pushing wheelbarrows Of bricks, hay
and grain: and women going along
with great baskets Of fruit and even
grass on their backs. The women
draw cartA and everywhere we see
that woman has the right to hold
her own place with the man in this
country.
Indeed, the scenes everywhere re-
mind me Of the old song:
'Oh! the women do the work. do
the work. do the work.
And the men they just lie around"
y + +
THIS is perhaps q little unjust to
the men, for the two sexes labor
together. but the man Is always the
boss, and. like the bosses elsewhere,
he does little besides. Il have yet to
see a gang Of women digging or
hoeing or pulling UP beets where a
man did not stand and speed up the
labori and I have yet to SEQ q job
which 10 too heavy for the women.
I venture there are four or more
women for every man in the fields.
AS to conditions, the only difference
is In the wAgoA the women receiv-
ing considerably less than the men.
There is . nominal eight-hour day
for farm labor, but this Is arranged
30 that II means 30 many thousand
hours year and the farmers and
their men can divide It in such
periods as they please. The regular
farm hand can be made to work
$50 hours In the year. so that he
is bound to put In his eight hours
every day and then some, SO a. to
make up for the periods OF cold and
rain. The women are now receiving
s cents an hour. and venture some
Of them make as much as 80 or 40
cents In one day.
For the young girls It is all right.
but It must be hard for the women of
sixty as the day nears its close. see
such women at labor when the sun
rises and again at in the evening
when 1t Is just going down. They
work hard and seem to enjoy it.
These farm women sAsm healthy
and happy. The young ones are pret-
ty, and with their heads wrapped in
red handkerchisfs and bright 4colored
waists. short akirts and hare legs
they attract tho eye. They are as
straight ~ the rake handles they use
In the hay helds and graceful withal
Tho farming 10 good everywhere.
Every square foot Of land is under
cultivation and the crops on the aver
age are larger than ours. The wheat
yield. for instance. Is about twenty
seven bushels per acre and the oats
yield thirty-six. These people raise
thirty-fve bushels Of rye per acre
and about thirty bushels of summer
barley. Their average potato crop is
ninety bushels. and they have q mil
lion and a half acres of tubers. The
corn crop IL lower thar ours. but IL
sugar hssts they rsehahly surpass M
Evening star., 1923-12-09
Wax for Records.

THE carnaubs, or wax palm, has
many commercial uses, but it's
chief value is it's production of wax
for making phonograph records. The
best quality comes from the tenderest
leaves. They are cut at three differ
ent periods during the wax season.
which extends from September to
March. 1t takes about 1000 leaves
to make twenty-five to thirty pounds
of wax. The leaves are dried in the
sun and when thoroughly withered
are beaten with fails to remove the
wax. The raw product Is melted in
boiling water and strained to remove
foreign matter
Evening star., 1923-12-09
5ests to America Return to Mannish Tailored Suits

! insigt upon being different from their
fefld6 women. Such insurgent thdi-
vidunls nip the underarm seam into
the prstense Of a curve and flare the
hip part OF the Jacket into a faint
suggestion OF crinoline. There Is no
doubt that both these features Of
fashion will obtrude themselves upon
US.
tha accessories, Is the creed. France
copied the present Jacket sfrom the
loose iounging coat worn by the men
OF that nation.
Its undeFarm teams are plumb from
shoulder to hem. its armholes are
small and snugiy fitted high into the
arnlpits. the, lapels and collar are
we'll known accessories to mems
aoatS. there. are three buttons above
the waist or three below 1t, and real
pockets are placed at each side. one at
the breast. =
With such jaunty jacket goes
the most severe skirt, almost too mar
row to step in, short enough to show
goodly portion Of the transparent
stocking in a light color. swung to
camisole top as rule, unless one Is
afraid to cut OF all chance of wear
ling a tuck-in shirt waist. 1t Is often
made Of black or rust velvet. ma
terial that was not considered proper
for the walking suit In other times.
but no one pays attention to creed
and code Of the preceding genera
tions. Pearls were once kept for gala
occasions, but now they are worn to
;ok to CIV In Tl1o
pof what not to do, but what every
enc does. Patent pumps with i'm
mense silver buckles placed below
stockings that closely resemble flesh
nre as frequent on highways and by
ways as were black lisle. and. sturdy
boots in less capricious days. :,
THERE is another kind of tailored
costume which Is beginning to
serve all ages for the morning hours.
1t is what we were accustomed to
wear when the masculine suit was
the national uniform. The fabrics
chosen are soft and flexible, dark or
light. of sturdy tweed or homespun.
Fur Is usually omitted.
The skirt is of the prevailing type,
which is pre-war in its simplicity and
abbreviation. The loose sacoue coat
has narrow shoulders. long sleeves
with buttons at wrist. two hip
pockets and no belt. Remember.
there are no belts with any suit. That
accessory is laid on the shelf.
With such a suit goes a crepe de
chine blouse with square neck and
long sleeves. trimmed with rows of
openwork; that is, IL one is conven-
tional. But If one accepts new things
quickly. the choice is a striped tub
silk with turnover collar and waist
length cravat of the fabric, or OF silk
to match the colored stripe.
No one attempts to add servicea-
BILE Oxford ties to such masculine
severity. The ornate type of Egyp-
tian sandal is chosen, possessing such
thickness that Cleopatra would have
sent them to the backwoods. IL there
had been such in Egypt Brown, the
American Indian brown. Is the leather
for the street, matched with Indian
stockings. which are preferred to the
color known as nude" this season.
No doubt we shall see more of the
curved jacket as the warm weather
approaches. The extremists are ad-
the body are rather closely followed,
giving the woman with a moderately
small waist the chance to exploit it.
| The hip part Is short and slightly
flaring, the sleeves are long and
Evening star., 1923-12-09

Those were times when women had
waists and wore corsets and were
proud of both: caring naught that
curving hips swelled outward. VIII
such figures arrive with the revival
of the Jackets? Hardly. Fashions
change too quickly for figures to
change with them. Diaphragms and
waists are not under control these
days. Furthermore, these jackets Of
the near future are cut on straight
underarm lines, except by those who
Evening star., 1923-12-09

established in Slovakia and else
where.
X
THE land is farmed scientifically.
l. Every bit of manure is saved.
Every farm I have visited. small and
large. has it's cistern under the stable
and the horses, cattle and hogs stand
on concrete floors which drain into
the cisterns from which tho liquid
and washings are afterward pumped
into tank wagons and spread over
the fields.
Tho farmsteads are interesting.
Take one. for instance. at Opolany. q
village of about seven hundred
people, where / visited the home of
my guides brother. The farm con-
tained $50 acres. 1t lay on the out
skirts of the village and was cut
through by a brook. They were at
work in the fields and the man had
a half dozen women to help him. He
paid them 3 cents an hour and
Evening star., 1923-12-09

cut short for reasons of weight and
convenience. The incoming short
jacket. however. presents more of
problem. It will cause some wrink-
ling Of tho brow.
This newer garment has nothing
of the well-worn jumper Jacket in its
makeup. 1t stirs the memory of
those who once wore covert cloth
Jackets with separate skirts of dark
blue serge and mann!sh shirts of
striped madras or wash China silk
Evening star., 1923-12-09

of
andth Of Big Had
of the
Evening star., 1923-12-09

collar with starch in 1t. Link cuff
BUTTONS are revived to play their old
part in the scheme of dress.
Copyright, 1921
Evening star., 1923-12-09

THE NEW KIND TAILORED FROM PARIS, WHICH HAS
A COAT FASHIONED
THE MORNING. IT HAS SHORT SKIRT WITHOUT ORNAMEN.
TATION THE JACKET HAS LONG MANNISH SLEEVES
YERS, ALSO POCKETS. WHITE "hODEsTY PIECE" SHOWS
IN THE OPENING AS SUBSTITUTE FOR BLOUSE. WHITE
CARDENIA IS IN THE LAPEL INITIALS IN SILVER
Putnam patriot., 1923-12-07
MASONS HERE NAME
 OFFICERS FOR YEAR
Edward s. Duifey Is Elected Worshipful Master of
 Quinebaug Lodge

Edwin s. nufFey was elected war- shipful master of Quinehaug Lodge. A. F. and A. M.. ut last nights con vocation at the Masonic Temple on Grove street. It was well attended meeting and besides the election of Mir. DufFey Co head the lodge during the coming year. the following were also elected:
 Senior wardens Charles Riehar- son. junior warden. W. F. Moss: sec refary. Past Master c. Allen flaw kins; treasurer. Past Master NJ. H. Geissler.
 Those appointed by the incoming worshipful master were: Senior dea- con. Allie <. King; junior deacon. Ed win Phillips. senior steward, Harold Mansfeld. junior steward. Thomas Bell: tyler. Walter Phillips; marshal, Past Master George Miner: chaplain, Past Master L. r. Merriam; organist, Ralph E. Thurston.
 The new officers were installed fol- lowing their election and appointment, the inducting ceremonies being con dueted by Past Worshipful Master l.. P Merriam assisted hv Past Worship fui Master C. Allen Hawkins.
 Annual reports of officers were read. that of the treasurer showing the iadge to be in exceptionally heal thy financial condition.
Putnam patriot., 1923-12-07
LEAPS FROM TRAIN,
 LEG IS FRACTURED
Adolph Scholzel Jumps From Moving Train at Dayville
 Station
Had Business 10 Transact in Village
 Taken Home in Taxi

Though the New London bound train, which left Putnam at t0.06 O. clock Tuesday morning did not stop at the Dayville station, Adelph Schelsel of 6s Raymond street. Somerville. Mass. decided he would take a chance" and jump of when the train slowed down somewhat Co pick up 6 bag of mail
 He jumped all right. but got all tangled np with himself and ebsfrnc- tions on the station platform and as a result he is suffering from frac- ture of the right leg, not to mention numerous bruises and abrasions that give discomfort.
 This morning train does not stop at Dayville on the present winter schedule. and this fact was q aisap- pointment to one of it's passengers, Mir. Sehelzel, who had some business to do in the village, he being a travel ling salesman for a Boston firm. He decided to make a jump for it. believ- ing that he could time his drop to a hair and manage to keep on his feet after landing on the station platform.
 As the train slowed down Co permit the picking up of bag of mail. sus- pended from a devise at the side of the tracks, Mir Schelzel jumped of. His injuries resulted and his clothes were practically ruined.
 Witnesses of his daring and the accident, rushed to his assistance. H. was attended by Dr. prisque of Day vile. who administered first aid He recommended hospital care. but Mir. Schelzel declined, prefering to be talk en to his home in a taxi.
Putnam patriot., 1923-12-07
HIRE NEW HALL
Knight of Columbus Ball Will be Held
 in Putnam

At least one of Putnam's annual social functions that attracts a biz crowd from all over the county, will be held in this city This is the an- nual Easter Monday ball under the auspices of the Cargill Council, Knights of Columbus, committee of which has hired the hall now in the process of erection for William A. St. Onge on Livery street. The hall will be ready for quite some time before this event is scheduled to be held and will probably be the first notable event to be held in this new build ing.
Putnam patriot., 1923-12-07
is SERVING $50 DAYS
Jail Sentences During Novem- Der Reach This Totsl.-Fines
 Aggregate SSa9

Sentences totalling $50 days in jail we're imposed on nineteen -san whe were presented by the ,loiiee in the city court during the past month. all of them being charged with having been intnNi. cated The majority of them were auf-of-town residents who had come to Putnam for one reason or auether. and white here tapped some underground supply of li- quid dynamite and in short tima lost their senses and their cash.
 There were thirty-eighl arrests in the city during November. and ef these drunkenness figured as the charge against thirty-four defendants. A total of nineteen out of the thirty-four were sent to jail. and the athers were fined one a woman She and one of the men, being unable Co pay, went to jail to work out their fines.
 Fines and costs levied during the month by the city court total led S544.02.