White Pine news. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1920-1923, 1923-04-15
WAYS TO HANDLE
CHILLED MOTORS
Suggestions and Tips That Make
II Easier to Start Car Dur
ing Cold Weather.
DIFFICULT TO START ENGINE
Much Trouble Caused by Lack Of
knowledge on Part OF Driver az
10 What Takes Place Under
Hood-other Causes.

II IS not %lnfrequent In cold weather
10 see cars being "towed In" 10 service
stations because OF difficulties OF the
motorist In getting the engine started.
These difficulties In "A great many
Instances are due to lack of under
Standing on the part of the driver
ss to what takes place under the hood
when en~deayorlng 10 start the motor.
For the benefit of those motorists
who have not yet learned precisely
Of the influences of cold weather that
retard the easy starting of the en-
cine the following instruction has been
obtained from an experienced service
mar.
Causes Of Difficulty.
There are three main reasons for
difficulty In starting the motor In
cold weather:
]. Poor mixture OF gas.
2. Reduced efficiency of battery.
3. Stin motor (most frequently
caused by lubricatlng oil that is too
thick or ylscous for winter use).
An understanding of the changes
brought about by a lower tempera-
ture on the earbnretor. electrical
equipment and oil will help overcome
the difficulties OF driving In oil sea
sons.
The functionlng OF the %carburetor
Is 10 yaporize the gasoline and mix
II with on adequate proportion Of air,
which, under compression, constitutes
the explosive mixture. Heat and cold
have very definite influences on the
earburetlon Of gasoline.
Gasoline Is a volatile liquid and
easily ~vaporized under the influence
Of heat, being less susceptible with n
decrease in temperature. The gaso-
line yapor Is just as easily reduced
back to liquid form under the infu-
ence OF cold. Thus n cold thrush OF
air through the carburetor VIII re-
suit In q very weak mixture OF air
and gasoline vapor. Therefore IL fol-
lows that the carburetor must be adj
justed to give a stronger or richer
mixture when starting the motor I'M
der cold weather conditions.
Battery Has Limitations.
The only part of the electrical
equipment influenced by the cold Is
the battery, which provides both the
power to rotate the starter and the
current which induces a spark ut the
plugs. When called upon to rotate
the motor by means of the starter the
battery sets free all its stored-up en-
ergy to be used without restraint.
However, ever n battery has It's Iiinl-
tations and can only store up 50 much
energy.
Furthermore, II Is tru that with a
lowering Of the temperature the et
feetlveness OF the storage battery de-
creases. SO It follows that In cold
weather the starter Is less able to do
Its work because of deriving less
power from the battery than under
normal weather conditions.
Heat causes oil to become THU ana
flow easily. Cold causes 1t to eongeai
and become viscous or sticky. IL II
readily susceptible to either influence.
The moving parts Of the motor are
covered with oil, which becomes con-
gealed II the motor Is left to stand
Idle at a low temperature. II II be
cold enough the motor will ilteraiiy
become frozen. It Is then tina Tue
starter Is called upon to perform It's
hardest work.
L~ubrlcating oils are obtainable IA
varying degrees of ~yiscosity or thick
ness ut normal temperatures. Ihey
are usually termed arctic, light. me
dium and heavy grades. arctic being
the thinnest. 1t Is the arctic grace Oh
oil that is recommended for use In
cold weather