davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20

Aleppo section of the Bagdad railway. for
the earh The
direction for the movement of the products
gris Saliey s'G So that u ihe railroad from
MMosul to Basra and perhaps even on to to
uni hG that Void pay at least
eppo asstion GINS IT IS mostly
or DESERT but there Is the G ;soe sa men
tension from ,Angora to Mosul and if, as is
not inconcevabe. Turkey should revert to her he,
Chester concession along that s. route might Ugh,
M e the tie Kawe
longer -intri cues our imaginations. The prog
p,sn has maae
Not the least important aspect Of the matter
4 ns i 'e
p ah s In the great drama enactng in
have made some COUP. But i has not in
cept With the Tu nIat Who see in It promise
Of falling out among the Giaours.,
shrine at Lausanne. o Where Moslems. Christians,
Jews and atheists could join in worship.
Chinn.-There is hitch in the negotiations
for the release of the foreigners held cap
tive by the Chinese bandits. The Chinese
authorities seem to have assented to the
following terms:
That 5000 bandits q. e.. the entire bandit
group. of which the gentlemen of the train
in the military forces and guaranteed against
reprisals. ut is asserted that they all
ex-soldiers discharged with long arrears Of
But the bandits not without reason, will
not content themselves with the promises Of
foreign diplomatic REPRESENTATIVES guarantee
those promises-obviously an embarrassing
threats to XIII their captives unless the guar
Is su Of m m THIS eour
one does not envy those captiVes.
banditry all one over eAt China an of bloody anti
Japanese riots, etc, etc. Whereof. in the next
issue.
The Pan-American Congress.-The fifth pan
American conference, held at Santiago, Chile.
There a useful exchange of views but
nothing grand or grandiose was accomplished.
Perhaps the most important occurrence of the
conference was the statement by Mr.. Fletcher
that the nMonr9e dostrne u the u nj.
posal included in the Uruguayan plan Of an
be b al
publics of the western hemisphere.
a pan-American court of justice and on pro
posed limitation of naval ornaments may
haTa w Ed by the
of Brazil; limitation of land armaments did
agreement was drafted under which inter
fact-inding commission
MisceHaneous.-I wish TO correct an
in my last summary. ! spoke of the Popes
audience to King George of Britain as the
first papal audience to a Protestant sovereign.
l momentarily forgot Leo KITS audience to
Edward VII in 1908. and an audience to the
King of Denmark and two TO the former
kaiser. 1t will be remembered. moreover,
that President Wilson called the Pope.
In March the, balance, Of foreign trade
turned against the United States. The total
value of imports s4o2, 100000 of exports.
s341.l62, 900 This the first adverse
monthly trade balance since April, 1913.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Industrial States
Rank Highin Nation

While stress recently has been lai
upon the interests of the farmer and
what the country owes to agriculture,
1t is we'll also to consider what the
manufacturer is doing for the nation
and why he has a very strong interest
in the federal government.
Twelve states-California, Illinois,
Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min
nesota, Missouri, New Jersey. New
York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wiscon-
sin-had 42.764 manufacturing estab-
iishments. each with value of product
In excess Of 100000, according to the
1919 census Of manufacturers
The very important industrial state
OF connecticut was not included among
these twelve, and yet in 1919 Connectf-
cut had 1,116 manufacturing establish
ments, each one of which produced
products valued in excess of $1,000 for
that year.
The twelve states named above con-
tained 53.5 per cent of the country's
population in 1920. They had IL per
cent OF the wage earners in 1919 The
people OF these states paid TIA per cent
OF all federal corporation taxes for the
calendar year 1920. They paid rs 90 per
cent OF all personal income taxes for
the calendar year 1920. They paid 1888
per cent Of all federal taxes collected in
the calendar year 1920.
Tne manufacturers Of these states pro-
duced "a per cent of all manufactured
goods In 1919 based on the value of
products. These states produced 80 per
cent OF all farm products in 1919 on the
basis OF the value Of products. These
states had approximately rs per cent Of
the total number OF savings bank de-
positors and so per cent of savings
bank deposits on June 80, 1921.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Cruel Punishment
Stimulates Crime

The historical fact that crime is
always increased with the imposition
of terrible penalties as under the old
law of the ancient Persians, Egyp-
tians, Phoenicians and Carthaginians
not to mention more modern civili-
zation--was emphasized at the con-
ference here last week of more than
500 judges and court officers inter-
esed IN probation work.
He declared from his own wide ex-
perience and the conviction of others
who have devoted their lives to this
problem that prevention is the great
est remedy for crime" Probation is
not only scientifically correct but 1t
is the great law of God, Judge
Backus said, interpreted by the
Humble Nazarene when he said to
Magdalene go, and sin no more
Secretary DENLY of the Navy De-
partment, himself formerly a court
probation officer, declared he would
support a plea to Congress for legis-
lation that will enable federal courts
to do constructive work in saving GER
tain first offenders the same as is
now being done In the state courts.
Judge Backus predicted that such a
law will be passed by the incoming
Congress. 1t was the consensus of
opinion that the adult probation sys-
tenn should be inaugurated in every
state in the Union.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20

The fidelity to the cause of human
welfare that has given these men
their progressive stamp is that which
in it's full application should lead
them to pronounce to the world
Americas determination to help the
world to right itself and save itself
America must play her part; she must
be helpful everywhere and in every
way. Wherever the issue is between
right and wrong, between life and
destruction, between progress and re
action, there our country belongs and
there 1t must concern itself"
Believes i'm Entry.
l believe that as a beginning OF
thorough going and adequate par
ticipation in world affairs, the United
/ believe 1t would be stimulating, both
to America and to the people of other
countries, IL the Congress of the
United States, at the earliest possible
moment, We're to authorize by unani-
nous vote our adherence TO that
court The subject is not new with
us. We stand today upon a principle
to which we have given our allegi-
ance for many years. We have
studied the question carefully and
thoroughly to find whether any new
consideration has arisen to neceSsitate
a change in our conclusions. We have
found none. Every consideration of
international well being and progress
! and every consideration by which we
justify our conduct to ourselves and
to others demands that we take this
constructive, rational and righteous
step.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
BY HENRY w. BUM.
the most important news OF the world
for the seven days ended May 10:

HE following is brief summary OF
the most important news of the world
l - for the seven days ended May 10:
Fraaee-Charles, De Freycinet died the
other day, at the age of ninety-tive, one of
the most notable figures in recent French
history. He was thrice premier. had other
ministerial positions eleven times, and was
member OF the French senate for forty
four. years. As minister OF war in 1870 he
made magnificent effort by reorganization
of the army to withstand the German inva-
sion. Much of the later military legislation
which has had such happy results originated
with him, Not the least OF his services was
!. the inauguration of the great system of rail
road and canal communications which was
so essential factor of success in the great
ception OF the Russian alliance. He was a
scientist-a master Of pure mathematics. o, an
/. of applied science. He was member of the
Academy.
on May Is. ostensibly the strike was for
German, it Was in SYMPATHY with passive
resistance" in the Ruhr; Some wage increases as;
sensibly relieve the French industrial stu
alton
Germany.-Attempts at sabotage continue
some successful Within the past three weeks
three railway bridges have been dynamited.
On the night of the 18th attempt was
made to blow up with a floating mine a lock
regulating the waters of the important Rhine
Herne canal, but the mine exploded prema :
turely. On May IA the mark fell to 4s,5oo to
the dollar Lord Curzon's note of the 13th
may or may not have been the cause. The
seven triilion marks. The Reich government
is issuing orders pursuant 10 its passive re-
sistance" policy, more stringent than any
The British and italian governments have
replied to the German PREPARATIONS note. Lord
Curzon's note is cold. remote and Curzonish.
1T the Gsrman proposals hs
the German government viii BY revision and
of discussion"
The Italian note is more severe. 1t goes so
in the opinion. widely held. that the German
government is not acting in good falth but
OBVIOUSLY. pTopagandishly and mendacously.
x X *
misunderstanding receipt of the British
ultimatum of May s. the soviet government
dispatch Krassin to London by airplane. On
May IL there great communist parade
in Moscow. followed by an open-air meeting,
in protest against the British note and the
murder at Lausanne Of Vorovsky.
The speakers full of sound and fury.
Trotsky said that the red army was ready.
to 81 Take W M
continue liberation of the east and the
west" Those were verbal shots heard round
The Russian reply to the British note was
Muscovise STYLE 1t is sarcastic upon the the
secondary MISUNDERSTANDING" 1t makes vague
counter accusations OF British anti-Muscovite
propaganda and intrigue in the east. 1t de-
nounces and ridicules the documents which
the British charges Of Muscovite propa ganda
British note are a combination Of flashed.
from de ehd ,eiexrams. It asserts that
the Soviet govsrnmen1t lis striving for and
Of the east. not by intrigues or gold, but by
really unselfsh and benevolent attitude
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Uncle Sam to Print
= Statistical Guide

Uncle Sam is publishing all sorts
Of guides. One of the latest. guides
is published in pamphlet form, SO that
any man or woman in the far west
or the effete east may find his way
through the intricate network of sta
tistics to the exact figures he or she
is seeking upon any particular sub
ject or phase sof the federal govern
ment work. -. =.
This guide to. original sources for
statistical activities of the United
States government was compiled after
an extensive survey by the United
States bureau Of efficiency 1t fur
nistIes the names Of the branches Of
the government service engaged in
the collection and dissemination of
statistical information under each
subject covered by the statistical ac-
tivities OF the government. The guide
also tells how often the statistics
relating to any given subject are
published by the office conducting the
original research.
In. this pamphlet are listed all of
the statistical activities OF the gov.
ernm ent from The number of acct
dents occurring in certain industries
and. to federal employees to the mum
Der. tonnage and motive power OF
] yachts. ..-st x<1EG,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
y. S. Army Far Outranked i'm Size
By Those of Other Great Powers

The United States is the least mill
airy nation in the world, as is shown
in statistics just made public by the
War Department. The present
strength of the Regular Army is
1850 men, which is larger only
than. that of Germany. Russia leads
with an army of $4,000, while France
is second with 100000, Great Britain
third, with 256,7oo; Italy fourth, with
100000, and Japan fifth. with 246,000
IN proportion to the total population
tie United States falls far behind
other nations in the number of men
under arms. In this country per 1000
OF population there is 1873 in the Reg
utsr Army, while France leads all
other nations with a percentage Of
1850: Italy comes second. with 6.8;
russia, 6.72; the United Kingdom, $40,
and Japan, 40. s
French Costs Heaviest. -.-
The $31S,439,556 which the United
states spends for her Army is only
7.T5 per cent OF her total revenue,
while France. with an army bill of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Woman Inventors Make Life Easy
By Simplifying Minor Tasks in Home

All sorts OF devices. utensils and
machinery have been invented by
women during the last ten years.
from a rotary plowshare to an egg
beater- down through a list of about
1.400 different items. according to
the records of the United States
patent office.
Naturally most of the things wom-
en- have invented are articles for
use in the household. such as holder
for hot utensils. kettle polisher
and scraper. a kitchen cabinet, a
washing machine, a carpet beaten, a
mattress turner and a mouse trap.
But womans inventive genius has
carried her outside OF her own
household. On the farms she has
patented many contrivances to make
work easier or to do it better-in-
Guiding such pretentious machinery
as cultivators. seed planters. tractors
and windmills, as we'll as incubators
and churns.
Second only to household equipment,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20

5000, 900, 900 francs. spends 1855 per
cent of her tax collections. Russia
spends 1914 per cent of her income
on the red army. Japan 1919 per cent.
Italy 1870 per cent. United Kingdom
962 per cent, and Germany 500 per
cent.
The American, Army costs each man,
woman and child in the United States
$2.99 annually, which compares with
5000 spent for every Russian, $1,000
for every Frenchman. $3.50 for every
Italian, s11.90 for every Briton, S11.1I
for every German and $2.24 for every
Japanese.
Huge Army II Ratio Kept.
If the United States maintaine ed SOL
diers. in the same ratio to national
wealth as do other great powers, we
would have in the case Of France, not
115.500 soldiers, but 2,265, 900; in the
case Of Italy. 2,S16.000;+ in that of
Japan. s,444,00o, and in that Of the
United Kingdom, $4,000 men. II we
maintained soldiers in the same ratio
to population, we would have. not
$4,000 men. but. in the case of
France, 100000: in that of Itaiy.
$4,000; in that of Japan. $4,000, and
IN that, Of the United Kingdom,
$4,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20

With general recognition that this
is pre- eminently the age of the engi-
neer. and that the engineer was the
of the world war, while
during the halcyon days of peace he
has added to the prosperity and COM
fort Of teeming millions throughout
the world, comes the suggestion that
it is his particular duty to take a
leading part in politics-in the pres
-ervatfon of our institutions and in
making our laws.
Representative Addison r. Smith of
Idaho. chairman of the House COM
mittee on irriga ton of arid lands,
who has had intimate relations with
the engineering profession. has urged
this new duty. With the prospect
strong that Congress will adopt a
broad national policy of reclamation
and settlement of waste land in all
parts of the country, which, has been
seriously considered by Congress for
several years. the work of the engi-
neering profession will be greatly
enlarged, and Congress will be in
need of increasing inside technical
peIience.
Sees Wide Opportunity.
But reviewing what the engineers
have done through ingenuity and mi
tiative in the development of me-
chanicai devices and great engineer
ing projects, Representative Smith
visions a wider and different oppor-
tunity for their special talents and
training in the improvement of human
relations-our social, moral and spir-
itual condition.
He points out that 1t Is not SC
many years ago that the engineer
was practically unknown. men are
still living who travelled on horse
back or by stage coach from city
to city, and who were performing
the hard work of life about the same
manner as their ancestors did thou
sands of years ago. Within the recoi-
lection Of many, everything related
to the necessities and conveniences
Of life has been changed, and ii
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20

the spur to invention by women has
come through articles for personal
wear or use. such as hooks and eyes.
shoe strings. shoes. tooth brushes
and even an artificial eyelash.
Among the larger inventions are
found patents of office supplies and
equipment, improvements to steam
and street railway equipment, new
methods of road building. machinery
of all sorts. many kinds of tools.
musical instruments, toys and edu-
cational devices.
No explanation of why one woman
who MIXED her own cows invented
: a COW tail holder is needed. Another
woman invented cover for pie
pans. because she said the juicy pies
were always overfowing in her oven.
| which wasted the best of her pie
and left her with dirty oven to
clean. Still another woman invented
reinforced wooden bowl, after the
bowl in which she was working but
ter split in two, splitting the butter
into her lap. A woman who had
spent many hot July days in A hos
pital invented special window ven
| tiiator. which would make the room
less stuffy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Sales Information
Service Established

A free sales information service
for manufacturers, exporters and
other business interests engaged in
foreign trade or planning to partici-
|, pate in the worlds commerce has
been set up in the bureau of foreign
and domestic commerce.
The commercial intelligence divi-
sion of the bureau maintains a CLASH
fled World Trade Directory Index of
foreign merchants for the purpose of
facts with foreign buyers and agents.
From the information already col
lected through the foreign represent
atives of the Departments of Com
merce and State, lists of firms en-
gagged In practically every line of
business In any part of the world can
be furnished. large number of
these lists indicate the relative size
and importance of each firm in its
community, nationality of owners or
managers, character of business and
the various commodities handled.
These lists are great aids to travelling
statesmen and firms undertaking adj
-vertising campaigns.
Further data, such as the countries
from which firms make most of their
purchases, date of establishment, bank
and trade references, number of en-
ployes and other. confidential data
that can only be obtained by repre-
sentatives on the ground are also
available and can be secured by re-
questing sales information reports on
specific firms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Budget Head Sees
= $6O,OOO,O 900 Surplus

Prediction that there will be a
surplus of $4,000. 900 in the federal
Treasury at the end. of the current
year is made by Brig. Gen. H. NJ. Lord,
director of the budget, based upon
the latest estimates of internal reve-
nue. and customs receipts.
The director placed customs reve-
nue. at $540.oo0.ooo for the year ended
June 80, and internal revenue re-
ceipts at $2.515. 600. 900. There is no
indication that there will be a fall
ing off in the remaining months of
1928. -.s-- - $500 ". =
At the same time Gen. Lord said he
did not intend to allow the lid Of fed
eral expenditures to be pried loose as
a result of the better outlook. A
comparison of the total estimated ex-
Senditure of the operating department
Of the government for 1923 with the
actual expenditure for 1922 shows a
reduction of more than 100000, 900.
But the budget director hopes to
make the saving even greater. - .
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Teamwork Vital
In Export Trade

American export trade needs the
cooperation of all agencies in find
ing and holding place in the highly
competitive markets of the world.
officials of the bureau of foreign and
domestic commerce are emphasizing.
They are urging upon all parties to
an export transaction that they
should realize that prosperity in our
foreign trade has direct bearing
on the prosperity of the individual
and that therefore each, should exer-
else his best efforts in a cooperative
way in promoting trade development.
The value Of cooperation and mu-
tual loyalty among nationals in for
eisn trade has been illustrated since
the earliest days of commerce. The
ancient Creeks considered it an
offense punishable by death to allow
trade secrets to be known by COM
peting nations. and stories have come
down to us of Greek ships run on
the rocks to prevent pursuing ves-
sells of other nations from determin-
ing the location of their markets.
Under the guild system Of the middle
ages, when the quality of the prod
ucts of city determined" its pros
Nv
concerned in the manufacture and
TRANSPORTATION of those products was
REQ uired under penalty of discontinu-
ing business. .
Ship Owners Cooperate.
This knowledge of the value of CO.
operation prevails to the present day
in the foreign trade policies Of the
exporting nations of Europe and is
brought to our attention daily.
European steamship companies con-
slider the transportation of the prod
ucts of nationals a patriotic duty.
They realize that the growth of the
export trade of a nation has a direct
bearing on their profits and that the
protection and careful handling Of
export shipments accrues to their
beneft as the foreign trade of the
country~is fostered and advanced.
without a knowledge of this feel
ing of mutual responsibility between
foreign manufacturers and carriers
II would be difficult to understand, for
example, why German, French and
English goods. packed in containers
that American exporters would brand
as unfit for export trade, arrive In
this country in the best condition.
whereas American goods shipped in
similar containers would be seriously
damaged.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1923-05-20
Need of Engineers in Congress
To Give Practical Aid Is Stressed

today we were to be deprived OF
all these things which have been
brought about by the engineer we
would be far more helpless than were
our grandparents. In fact, whole
cities would be depopulated. and a
panic would seize the world. Sup
posing, for example, that the rail-
roads and all steam and mechanical
devices should cease funtioning, all
telegraph and telephone be put out
of service; the automobile be displac-
enough provisions into the cities to
keep the people from stravating, and
many would die of thirst.
Backward I'm Human Relations.
On the other hand. he argues. we
! appreciate that although great ad-
vances have been made, and civiliza-
ton is now resting largely on engi-
forward TO the time when greater
and moro numerous conveniences will
be attained along the lines OF trans
portation. in the way of communica-
ton by electricity, in better methods
of heating. lighting and cooking.
and in all things which will add i'm
provement and comforts in living
conditions.
Although, we are advancing so
rapidly by means of engineering and
m echanical devices. We are relatively
backward as regards human rela-
tions, Representative Smith contends.
One of the most striking things to
be considered is that so far as Legal.
legislative and judicial functions are
concerned. we have not made the
same substantial advance bS has
been done in engineering. Human ma
ture is practically unchanged: even
though we can talk across continents.
and in movies see life depicted in all
parts of the world. and representing
all ages and history, yet we have not
devised a system of laws which will
bring to all the people their share
of life's comforts and enjoyments. II
we are to advance in improving our
social. moral and spiritual condition.
Repr Smith says. we must
utilize more of the vision of the en-
gineer, and put into practical use the
ingenuity and initiative which are
supposed to be his peculiar character
istics.