davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28

Efforts of Chief Attorney Jury
Return Verdict of Not Guilty Failed When
Judge OverruIed Motion.

WASHINGTON, March 28.-A re-
quest that the federal government
commence prosecutions against
William q. Foster and eleven other
alleged radicals" and investigate the
acts Of Frank P. Walsh and eight
others alleged to have been associat-
ed with various radical movements in
this country, was filed with the oe-
partment of justice by the represent
atives of a number Of organizations
interested in law enforcement.
Accompanying the complaint was a
long list of specific charges and d
brief arguing that the federal gov
ernment is fully justified by the Tacrs
III taking action. The charges against
Foster and his associates were said
in the complaint to be based on off,
cial statements issued by the Com
muniSt Representatives in this coun-
try, while the allegations against
Walsh and those named with him
centered about trips they were said
to have made to Soviet Russia.
ST. JOSEPH, Mich, March 20
Judge Charles White ordered rne de-
tense of William q. Foster, of Chi
cagO, charged with violating Michi-
gan's criminal syndicalisn act, to be-
gin presentation of testimony today
Efforts OF Frank P. Walsh, chief
counsel for Foster, to have the jury
directed to return a verdict of not
guilty failed yesterday when Judge
White overruled a defense motion and
ordered the trial to proceed. The mo-
tion was presented after the state
rested its case.
Walsh argued that prosecution OF
Foster is a violation of constitutional
guarantees of free speech and free
assembly; that there is no proof that
either the Communist national con.
vention or Foster advocated or taught
any violation of the law while ii
Michigan for the Communist conven.
tion last August, and that Foster was
deprived of the right of trial by Out
process of law because the syndicai
ism act is so indefinite and vague tha
no proper information for crimina
trial could be drawn from 1t.
Judge White overruled all points
raised by the defense and also helC
that the circuit court could not prop
erly pass on the question Of the con
stitutionality of the state law, am
that it therefore would be consideret
constitutional for the purposes of tn
trial.
The QUESTIONABLE which William
D. Foster is charged with filling ou
when he arrived at the Communis
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28

noon on the proposed consolidation
OF railroads, were ali in favor of the
union OF the Northern Pacific. Great
Northern and the Chicago, Burling
ton q Quincy systems.
Attorney General Wellington d.
Rankin called attention to Section 6.
OF Article Is, of the constitution of
Montana, prohibiting the consolida-
tlon OF railway companies. He read
INTO the record the language of JUS
tlce William Hunt, of the Montana
supreme court. in a decision in the
case brought in 1898 by Attorney
General G. B. Nolan to prevent the
consolidation of the Butte, Anaconda
q Pacific and the Montana Railway
Companies. The danger of monopo-
ly and destruction of wholesome
competition was pointed out in the
decision by Justice Hunt, who is now
Judge of the federal circuit court of
appeals at San Francisco.
Mr.. Rankin stated he did not wish
to give an opinion in the matter him.
self, but merely wished to call atten-
ton to the provisions of the constitu-
| ton and the decision in the case of
1898, so that in the future 1t would
become necessary for the state to go
! into court it can be shown that its
:ase had been made clear at this hear
| ing.
Lee Dennis, chairman of the state
oard Of railroad commissioners, was
ne first witness called. He testified
nat it was the opinion of the board
hat the consolidation of the Great
Iorthern, Northern Pacific and Bur-
.ngton systems would be of great
eQefit to Montana in general. I'm
er a consolidation, he said, the severe
ar shortage of the Great Northern
nd its attendant distress last fall
ould have been relieved by inter-
hange of equipment from the other
To roads. These three roads al
eady in many places use the same
racks and equipment, he said. Mon
ana is in great need of branch lines,
l the opinion of his board, said Mr..
ennis, and many isolated grain
rowing regions, he believed would
tapped by new branch lines if con-
)lidation of these three roads could
2 accomplished.
P. N. Bernard, secretary of the Kali
spell Chamber of Commerce, testi-
ed in behalf of his organization and
tated that it was the unanimous wish
Continued on Page Twelve.)
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28

national convention held in the sand
dunes near here last August, was in
troduced in evidence today by the
state in Fosters trial for criminal
syndicalism.
The questionnaire, read to the jury,
says that Borden" the name Foster
used at the convention, according to
Francis Morrow. state witness, had
been "active in the revolutionary
movement for 21 years."
Borden" also wrote in answer to
questions on the sheet that ne was
a paid eaploye of the Communist
party, with the title of industrial or
ganizer; that he had been a member
of the /. W. W., Socialist party, and
several labor unions, had been arrest
ed frequently and had participated in
scores of strikes.
Morrow, who as 'K-97," a depart
ment of justice agent, attended the
convention as a delegate from the
Philadelphia and Camden district, tes-
titled today to identify more of the
papers seized when federal agents
raided the meeting.
The morning session was marked
by frequent clashes and the exchange
of personalities between Frank P
Walsh, chief counsel for Foster, anC
o. L. Smith, assistant attorney gen
eral of Michigan.
A bitter fight by the defense yes
terday and today to keep the Com
munist program and constitution ou
of the evidence failed when Judgt
White ruled today it could be read tt
the jury.
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28
EVERY Church Will
CELEBRATE EASTER
Special Services Have Been Arranged
At All Churches in City for
Easter Sunday.

Easter Sunday will be observed in
Bozeman at all the churches with
special services, music and genera
rejoicing. Every church has made
elaborate plans for the annual OBJ
servation of the Resurrection in SER
mon and song. 1t will be a day OF
unusual religious ceremony, with the
members of every denomination at
tending service
The First Methodist church will
hold a reception in the morning for
the members, after which Rev. r. P.
Smith will preach a sermon especial
ly appropriate of the day. In the
evening there will be a cantata of
music and song, with Easter carols
by a choir arrangement or many
voices. Rev. A. L. Chapman will
preach a message of Easter at the
Payne Memorial church Sunday
morning. There will be special song
service by the choir and congregation
In the evening there will be song SER
vice and sermon.
The First Baptist church will hold
Easter services in the morning, Rev
E. R. Curry preaching the sermon
Thre will also be Easter song serv-
ice given by an especially selectec
choir, and solos appropriate for the
occasion will be given. The evening
service will be particularly enioya
BILE, consisting of a sermon and mu
sical program.
Tn First Presbyterian church vii
hold sunrise prayer on Easter morn
ing. followed by the Sunday school a
the regular hour. Rev. H. G. KlemmI
will preach at the morning. service
His subject, "The Radiant Morn,
treating of the resurrection. Afte
the sermon there will be communion
service and a reception to members
~ the evening, beginning at 4:3O. a.
Easter musical program will be give
consistin0 of choir and solos. TIL
choir viii be under the direction of ]
A Ever. Mrs. Eckles, Miss Esthe
Continued on Page Twelve)
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28
RESERVE BOARD MEETING.

The federal reserve board, in con
junction with the governors of the l.
reserve banks, meeting in semiannua
conference here, moved today to curl
the flood of rumors concerning posi-
bic changes in the boards policies ano
reports of contemplated increases in
the rediscount rates of banks.
In answer to more than 100 teie-
graphic inquiries the board categori-
cally denied "any rumors with respect
to it's intentions or actions" and in
formed one and all that is would make
it's own statements when such were
required.
The message invited inquirers *
supply the board with information re
garding 1he source Of the rtlmors, add
(Continped on Page Twelve.l
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28

WASHINGTON, March 27.-A,
extra session of congress to enaC
laws to prevent gambling in sugs
and other products, should the attol
ney general find present statutes il
sufficient was proposed today by Re,
resentative Cole, Republican, Iowa.
Mr.. Cole made public a letter h
had written 20 Attorney Gener;
Daugherty, urging speedy action b.
the department of justice, suggestin
an extra session if present laws ar
not adequate and proposing that tn
recent act to prevent gambling i
grain be extended TO other food prod
ucts.
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28
PRESIDENT ORDERS
PROBE SUGAR PRICE
Investigation Will Be Made by Tarif
Commission Cause Present In
creased Price Sugar.

ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA, March q
Investigation by the United State
tariff commission into the relation
the tariff rates on sugar to the pres
ent increased prices, was ordered to
day by President Harding.
The inquiry was requested by tn
president in the following telegram
addressed to Thomas o. Marvin, chain
man of the tariff commission:
"Have tariff committee make an I'm
mediate inquiry as to the relation c
the sugar tariff to the current price
of that commodity. It is difficult t
believe that the duty on sugar ca
have any part in making the abnorms
prices which prevail, but if the CON
mission finds there is any ground fo
believing the duty to be even pan
TALLY responsible / shall be ready t
proclaim a reduction in duty as pre-
vided by law"
The presidential order, it was e.
planned, will result in enlisting anothe
official agency in the government
endeavors to ascertain respOnsibilit
for the advances of sugar starting j
February, when sugar was selling a
and cents a pound retail as con
pared with present quotations runnin
as high as II cents.
Mr.. Harding was said to be firml
determined that the government sha
do all in its power not only to pre-
vent further increases, but to brin
down the present quoted prices, shoul
they be found to be unjustifiable.
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28
DEMAND GOVERNMENT TAKE Up ACTION
AGAINST FOSTER and MANY OTHER REDS

A REQUEST THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT COM
MENCE PROSECUTION OF ALLEGED RADICALS HAS
BEEN FILED WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE BY
REPRESENTATIVES, OF A NUMBER OF ORGANIZATIONS.
The Bozeman courier., 1923-03-28
CONSOLIDATING OF Three RAILROADS
FAVORED BY WITNESSES At HEARING

TESTIMONY AT INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION
HEARING HELD AT HELENA FAVORS PLACING NORTH
ERN PACIFIC, GREAT NORTHERN, AND BURLINGTON
UNDER ONE HEAD. WITNESSES REPRESENT ALI. LINES
OF BUSINESS IN STATE. ~
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
SUPERIOR COURT INERT
MONDAY. TO TAKE Up
CIVIL DOCKET FIRST
Eighteen Divorce Cases Set For
Hearing, Probaly VIII Be Dis
posed of in Single Day
ELEVEN WOMEN PLAINTIFFS
Many Ladies Eager to Sever Mat
r;monial Bonds, With Num-
Der to Get Final DEGREES

Superior court meets here Mon
day morning at 9 o'clock, when the
grand jury will be organized with
Judge z. A. Littlejohn presiding and
Solicitor General julie FELTON, repre-
senting the state. The first week Of
the session will be devoted entirely
to civil business, and Monday will
be featured by a number of divorce
petition hearings.
There are eighteen divorce petit
tions set for trial tnat day, and it
is expected these will all be dis
posed of before adjournment is TAX
en-. The parties to these cases are
about equally divided among whites
and negroes, an unusual condition
as heretofore negroes have largely
outnumbered white among those
seeking the severance of matrimon-
ial bonds. Women plaintiffs large
ly outnumbeK the men, there being
eleven ladies' suing their husbands
for divorce, as compared with seven
men willing to severance of the
marital tie. A number of the cases
set for hearing Monday are ready
for final DEGREES to be entered,
while others are to have their ap-
.aea1aasea tey&n only. One Oh the
cases on Mondays docket has an
alimony plea attached to the petit
tion, and another is marked for dis
missal, the parties thereto having
reconciled their differences.
Three cases docketed as 7. R.
Bennett, uperintendent OF banks,
vs. Crawford Wheatley Estate, fl ia,
levy and claim, involve claims grow
ing out of the failure Of the Com
mercial City bank here, and are Of
interest to creditors of the defunct
institution.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
FIT TEEN EXECUTED
BYRUSS AS COUNTER
REVOLUTI0NARIES
Several Princes, Generals and
Former Noblen1en Among
Those Put to Death
NAMES NOT MADE PUBLIC
Revolutionary Activities in GeoY-
gia Soviet Republic Alleged
Began Last Year
MOSCOW. Nav 25.-(Bv The A,

MOSCOW, May 25.-(By the AS
sociated Press Fifteen persons,
all princes, generals or noblemen,
have been executed as a result Of
the discovery of an active counter
revolutionary plot in the Soviet Re
public Of Georgia, says a dispatch
from Tiflis to the Pravda today.
The names of those who have been
executed are not given but it is said
that all were active participants in
the movement.
Counter revolutionary activities
in Georgia are alleged to have be-
gun early last year with a combi-
nation of five non-Bolshevik parties
plans are including a general up
rising for the last of September.
They employed bandit leader
Chelokaeff for their purposes, ac-
counts state, but the plot failed
when his bands were Hquidated with
the aid of peasant forces and the
ring leaders were arrested.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
AUDIENCE.
HEARS TENT PREACHER
Evangelist Lipscomb Has Found
q Warm Place in Hearts Of
People of Americus

The revival services now in prog
ress under the tent on Jackson ave
nue. are eliciting widespread inter-
est. Evangelist Lipscomb, of Nash
vile, Tenn, has found a warm spot
in the hearts Of many of Americus'
citizens which is evidenced by the
attentive audience. His theme for
Thursday evening was The Church.
He pointed out the New Testament
origin and usage of the term and
explained why Jesus selected the
term to signify His spiritual body.
Describing the church as a called
out assembly, the evangelist declar-
ed that this term was a misfit when
applied to many of the modern
churchesl because they were not
keeping themselves from the world.
He said: 1--WE find them not only
recognizing but actually fostering
worldly amusements under the guise
of Holy religion. In the proportion
that Christians conform to the
world to that proposition do they
displease the Master and in the pro-
portion that they keep themselves
separate 10 IIldI SdiIlS pIOpOI ClOA uO
they please Him. Jesus pays His
church decided compliment when
He draws a line of distinction be-
tween that institution and the
world"
Evangelist Lipscomb announced
that the theme for Friday evening
would be instrumental Music in It's
Relation to the Worship" and stat
ed that he would explain in tonight's
sermon why the disciples with whom
he stood identified used only vocal
music in their meetings. The song
service for the tent meeting are be-
ing conducted by Everett Derryber-
ry, of Columbia, Tenn. Evangelist
G. f. Claus, minister for the Church
Of Christ at Valdosta, Ca, came to
Americus to visit and assist in the
tent meeting. The services begin
tonight at o'clock and all are in
vited. No collection will be taken.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
STEEL MAGNAT ES TO
CONTINUE 12-H0UR
DAY IN GREAT MILLS
Committee Named to Investigate
Advisability of Shorter Day
Reports Adversely
REPORT is NOT FINAL
Change Would Require 10000
New Employees in Steel Indus
try Who Are Not Available

NEW YORK, May 25.-(By the
Associated Press. "A committee
from the Iron and Steel Institute
appointed recently to investigate
the feasibility Of abandoning the
12-hour day in the steel industry, re-
ported today through Ebert H.
Gary, chairman of the United States
Steel corporation, that it could nOs
at this time recommend such steps.
Gary made it plain that the COM
mittee did not consider its report
conclusive or final, but said that un-
der present conditions the shorten
ing of work days would create an
acute sistuation IN the steel indus
try, due to the dearth of labor ard
extensive demands for steel and
iron products. "At least Is per cent
would be added to the cost Of steel
and iron production" said Mr.. Gary,
"and industry would require more
than 10000 more employees. The
committee found" declared Mr..
Gary, that II hours a day of work
of itself would not be detrimental to
employees either physically, mental
ly or morally"
Following Mr.. Gary's talk, the
committee recommended less rigid
restriction laws Of emigration.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
SHEFFIELD BACK FROM
MACON ROTARY NEEF
President of Americus Club Tells
of Discussion at Meeting of
Rotary Presidents Thursday

John Sheffield, PRESIDENT Of the
Americus Rotary clu5, returned last
night from Macon, where he attend
ed meek: of pr ,sidan3 and req
resentatives of Rosary clu3s IN the
tEirty-ninth Rotary di53rIct
The new presidents Of the clubs
were elected May l and the meeting
was held so the new officers could
get acquainted with other Rotary
officials.
The visiting officers and repre-,
sentatives attended luncheon at
Loh's cafe, given through the cour-
tesy of the Macon Rotary club. The
delegates held round table discus
sion at the luncheon.
Mr.. Sheffield said on his return
today that one if the important
things discussed at the meeting was
the question: of taking over st.
Johns Haven, home for delinquent
boys located on St. Simons Island,
by Georgia Rotary clubs. The Burn
swick club, which contributes sub
stantially to the expense of the in
stitution, recommended that Rotary
adopt the school as a charitable in
stltutiOn, and this recommendation
was discussed by those present at
the Macon meeting, but no action
taken placing the school under the
sole support of Rotary. Rotarians
here and elswehe have heretofore
contributed as individuals to the
support of st. Johns Haven which
IS recognized as a worthy institu-
ton, affording as it does a home for
numbers of boys who otherwise
might be brought up unedr unwhole-
some surroundings, but it was con-
sidered unwise and opposed to the
principles of Rotary to take the IN
stitution under club auspices.
Others who attended the Macon
meeting besides Mr. Sheffield were
Porter Pierpont, of Savannah, gov
ernor of the thirty-ninth Rotary dis
trict; w. II. Glen, president Of the
Atlanta club; Homer McClatchey,
secretary of the Columbus club;
Billups Phinizy, president Of the
Athens club; Herbert Lorick, presi?
dent of the Augusta club; F. 7. Bur
ney, of the Waynesboro club; Ed
mund Kalmon, president of the Al
bany CLUB; George Butler, president
of the Savannah club; Fred Warde,
of the Brunswick club Clarence
Dusen5e:r.7, presldcrf Of the Brun-
swick club; j. B. Abrams, of the
Brunswick club; Joe Her;feld, act
ing secretary of West Point club;
Louis Turner, president of the Rome
club; Broadus Wilingham, Of the
Macon club and Ed Burke, president
of the Macon club.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
BUENA VISTA BANKERS
BACK FARM MOVEMENT
Community There Going After
Hundred Farmers or More to
Settle on Cheap Lands

BUENA VISTA, May 25.-Citi-
zens of Buena Vista and communi-
ty are going after 100 or more small
farmers as settlers for Marion coun-
ty and plans now being made call
for securing that many farmers
within a years time, these to be
urged to diversity in raising of
crops, it was stated yesterday by
John Rigdon, agricultural agent of
the Central of Georgia railroad.
The busines men and others are
very much interested in the move
ment Initiated and being directed
by Mr.. Rigdon. Next Wednesday
morning a meeting will be held at
the Marion county court house when
final plans will no doubt be mapped
out for securing the settlers. The
meeting will be called to- order at
10 o'clock and J. f. Jackson, gem
eral agricultural agent for the Gems
trail will bet the chief speaker.
Plans already made providing for
manner Of paying for the farms will
allow the newcomers an opportunity
to get acclimated and raise crops
while paying for their land.
The bankers at Buena Vista have
already adopted a suggestion of
Mr. Rigdon calling for the fnanc-
ing Of purchasing 5000 setting eggs
and these have been furnished farm
ers, who will pay for the eggs from
proceeds of the chickens this fall.
Reports from Buena Vista are
that the leaders in that community
are highly enthusiastic over pros
poets of increasing the Importance
Of the county agriculturally.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
RESIGNATION REJECTED.
BY FRENCH SENATE.

PARIS, May 25.-Premier Poin-
care and his colleagues in the cabi-
ne, submitted their resjgnations to
President Millerand, buU the presi-
dent declined to- lccapt them.
The action of the minister's was
the outcome Of the refusal Of the
senate to proceed with the trial Of
marcel Cachin and other Commuh
lists charge with illegal acts against
Une French republic. NJ. Poincare
informed the correspondents that
he interpreted the vote in the SEN
ate as proof Of want of confidence
in the cabinet, which made it impos-
sible for the ministry to act against
communist plots.
Immediately after the meeting
of the senate, Poincare called a
council of ministers. A brief discus
sion took place and then the pre-.
mier and his colleagues proceeded
to Elyses Palace to place Their res
ignation in the hands of the presi-
dent.
The senate, sitting as a high court
in secret session, voted rela i've to
the trial of Communists on the fol-
lowing points: First, can the court
declare itself competent or incompe-
tent; second, should the ques ion Of
competency be referred to com
mittee; third, is the court compe-
tent?
The senate voted in the affirma-
tive on the first question 9nd in the
negative on the last two questions,
the final vote being las to 10t.
After the vote was taken the high
court formulated its decision in sub
stance:
"The matter before the court is
not of a nature reserved for its ex-
animation; hence, it is not necessary
for the court to proceed with the
hearing. The case against NJ. Cach-
in and the others should, therefore,
be set before a competent body for
its decision"
The senate's vote was a complete
surprise. While it was known that
several senators oisapproved Of the
use of the high court, heretofore re-
served for outstanding figures such
as General Boulanger, Caillaux and
Malvy, to try politicians Of the cali
pre of Cachin and his associates,
who, it was held, could be dealt with
more cheaply and less elaborately by
ordinary court. it was not believed
that majority Of the senators took
this view.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1923-05-25
NEW TEACHERS NAMED
At MCCOY MILL SCHOOL

New teachers for Mccoy Hill ne
gro public school have just been
named by the board of education of
Americus. Old teachers there who
did not apply for reelection are
Geraldine Hilson, who viii be sue
cceded by Jimie Russell; Blanche
Staley. who will be succeeded by
Mary Wallace, and Ozie Belle Tur-
ney, who will be succeeded by Lu-
ellie Womack, who has been assist
ant teacher of home economics at
the school during the past year. Pau
line Calhoun also failed to apply to
the board for reelection, but no
one has yet been named to succeed
her
All Of the other members Of the
present faculty at Mccoy Hill were
reelected and will continue to dis
charge their duties there next year.
There are two places open at = this
school in the home economics de-
partment, and three supply teachers
are also yet to be chosen.
Mccoy Hill school at the height
of the teaching season has compile
ment Of twenty-one teachers, though
all of these are not employed regu-
larlv Turing the entire year, due to
seasonal employment engaged in By
many negro school ehildrenI