davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
The Causes of The Strike

The 5000 employees of the trolley
companies are on a strike for a raise
in wage from 50 cents to 65 cents an
hour and one day rest in seven. In
comparison to other wages they should
have it, but the companies can not
pay it from a 5 and 8 cent fare, to
which the bonehead politicians on the
public utilities board hold the COM
panes to.
On the railroads during the a the
fares We're raised to 3 cents or more
mile and the wages of brakemen,
engineers and conductors were jumped
to the e~Xhorbitant price of 81 an
hour and more. 1t was beyond rea-
son, but the travelling public and own
ers of freight pay it.
If the trolley companies got 2 cents
a mile they would have plenty of
money but the politicians and utili-
ties officials will not allow it.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
COMMON SENSE DECISIONS

During the Great War, costs of
production and manufacture increased
rapidly and still remain far above
pre-war figures. Farmers, manufac-
turers and producers covered their in
crease costs through increased prices
to the public.
Public utility companies were not so
fortunate. Public sentiment was at
first adverse to allowing increased
rates to meet increased cost of utility
operation.
Public utility commissions were
uujustly criticised for advancing rates
as the public did not understand that
the value upon which a public util-
itv- corporation should be permitted to
earn a fair return is the fair value"
90, properties of that utility devoted
to public service, and that in ascer-
tanning such fair value" present high
prices-at date of determination of
fair value'-in the guise of increased
cost of constructing the utility's prop
erty. must be given proper consider
alton.
The United States Supreme Court
now holds that unless the reproduction
cost of a utility property, as of the
date of the determination of "~value"
is given full and conscientious con-
sideration, confiscation of that prop
eIty will be the inevitable result. In
plain English, the Court say that
present day reproduction costs must
be considered in determining the
value of public utility property for
rate making purposes.
This was held in the case of the
Southwestern Bell Telephone Com
pany vs.. Missouri Public Service Com
mission ct al. The Missouri Commits
sion made an order in December, 1919,
by which it undertook (1) to reduce
rates for exchange service of the tele-
phone company, and (2) to abolish in
s~tallation and moving charges.
The Commission valued property of
the company without according any
weight to enhanced cost of material,
labor and supplies over those prevail
ing in 1913, 1914 and 1916. The Su-
preme Court decided that "present
COSTS" that is, the cost of labor, sup
plies, etc, at time investigation is
made, must be given consideration
in ascertaining "what will amount to
a fair return upon properties devoted
to public service;" otherwise, says
the Court, the action of any regula-
tory body will be confiscatory and in
conflict with the Fourteenth Amend
ment to the Constitution. The Commits
%sioner's order was annulled as it fail
ed to give consideration to "present
COSTS
Reaffirming its decision in South
western Bell Telephone case, the
Court, on June II, 1923, annulled an
order of the Public Service Commits
sion of West Virginia which valued
property of the Bluefield Water
Works and Improvement Co. for rate
making purposes without according
proper, if any, weight to the greatly
enhanced costs of construction in
1920 over those prevailing about 1915
and before the war"
The Supreme Court of the United
States has twice, within 30 days, an
nounced the doctrine that present
costs must be given fair and just o n
sideration in arriving at the value of
a pablo service corporations property
for rate making purposes.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
TO AID CHURCH IN RESSIA
Bishop Promises American Help For
Founding College

Bishop John L. Nuelson, of the
American Methodist Church, told the
Conference of the Supreme Church
Council Wednesday that American
Methodists would help the Reformist
Church Council establish and mann
tain in Moscow a college where
American theological teaching meth
DDS would be used. He is backing up
the opinion of Bishop Blake who
thinks it timely to give religious en-
%lightenment to those willing to receive
it regardless of the government con-
ditions.
Bishop Nuelson, who is making his
second visit to Russia, said he was
here now to study the new Church
movement, "as America is greatly IN
terested and sympathizes with the new
tendencies in the Russian Church"
"Upon my return to America" the
Bishop said before the conference. Il,
together with my friends, organized
a society to assist the Reformed
Church movement in Russia, which
hope will prove an important factor
in international relations and con
tribute toward the recognition OF 80
Wet Russia by the United States"
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
EVIL ~PARTISANSHIP

No one questions the Republican,
ism of The Inquirer, but it sometimes
feels impelled to turn its back OF the
destructive and disastrous work Of
Republican party leaders, and then it
Noes not hesitate to denounce them in
~unmeaSured terms. Here is parts Of
The %lnquirer's current comment on
Hiram Johnson:
When history is written years
hence, in the light of reason and with
out prejudice, it will record the names
OF many Senators of the United
States as short-sighted partisans, who
in the discussion Of the Versailles
Treaty and the League of Nations
Covenant were guided solely by bit
ter animositv. Johnson was n of
these irreconsilables. Henry Cabot
Lodge. chairman of the Foreign Re
Iations Committee, was another. A
more despicable attitude was never
assumed by an American statesman
If a Senator can be called a states
man-than that Of Mr.. Lodge, who, a
believer in a League Of Nations before
4he treaty was written, turned upon
himself. swallowed his own words, and
became an ardent destructionlst. Inc
ONLY possible explanation was his de-
f~esfation of President Wilson.
This Journal has said many a time
that the League Covenant was never
considered on it's merits and that !,
was deliberately misconstrued anc
wiIfully lied about; that had a Repgo
lican President brought it over, tht
Lodges and Johnsons and all tne
members of the Battalion of Deatf
would have been for it. But because
Wilson submitted it, they could MOI
rise superior to f~actionalism; henc'
What history will inscribe on its page:
as a crime against civilization wa
committed.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
PRESIDENT HARDING TAKEN ILL

President Harding was taken i'll
with bad food at San Francisco last
Sunday while on his trip down the
Pacific coast.
All Americans have great respect
for the office of President and most
citizens are eager to see a live Presi-
dent. Consequently the physical strain
on him has been heavy. The Illness is
not serious and it is hoped that he
will soon recover.
During his tour across The continent
up to Alaska and return he has been
giving out some clever speeches con-
tanning much political propaganda for
his campaign next year. These
speeches were mostly prepared for
him before he left Washington. They
contain nothing definite in principles
nor policies and include expressions to
catch all varied shades of opinion.
a few remember that President VII
son broke down his nervous system
four years ago while speaking in the
West for the great World cause of
Constitutional Democracy. He con
tinues disabled as the casualty of the
greatest mind in the World War which
is not ended, only the fighting ha:
stopped. .
However, all hope President Hard
ing to recover and continue his cam
paign tour of clever speech making
a year ahead of his candidacy for re
election next year.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
Farmers Lose Billions By Decline In
Prices Since 1920

Comparison of prices received by
farmers for their several principal
products in the summer of 1920 with
the returns they are getting now
shows that in every instance there has
been a heavy decline amounting in the
aggregate to billions of dollars to the
agriculture producers of the country.
Wheat is now selling for about 81 a
bushel. In 1920 the maximum price
was SO a bushel. Corn brought al
most 50 a bushel at the "peak" of
prices in 1920. That is more than a
dollar above the present price of corn.
In 1919 the highest price for barley
was $50 a bushel, as against 50 or
So cents a bushel now. Oats reached
a maximum of $1.15 a bushel in 1920,
and is now selling for about 43 cents
a bushel. Potatoes have fallen from
about $3.50 a bushel to less than 81.
Hogs have declined in value an
average of SIS a hundred pounds be-
low the maximum price in 1919, the
speak" At that time the price at
Chicago was $22.25 a hundred pounds.
The price now is about ST a hundred
pounds.
The farmers wanted a change Of
administration and they got it.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

The burning and hanging of negroes
in the South for attacks on white
women is deplorable. Yet their acts
enrage the people to drastic indigna-
ton. In some parts of Africa the
sentiment of morality is more finely
developed than in Christian countries.
There are tribes which require every
mar to have a wife. If he does not
get a mate at a certain age the heads
of the tribe choose n for him and
make them live together.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
Preached In Their Language

Col. Henry Watterson holds a high
place in his ~repertory of stories for
the yarn about the renowned Simon
Suggs, who in true camp meeting
style acquired "the grace of God"
as Marse Henry puts it. Suggs be
came IN exhorter himself, shouting
this advice to his fellow sinners:
"Step up to the mourners' bench, my
brethren, step up and lively, and be
saved! l come in on a par an see
what a draw'd, R~e'i"ion's the only
game whar you can't lose. Him that
trusts the Lord holds fo' aces!"
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

Hiram johnson, U. S. Senator from
California, who was the vice presi-
Dental candidate with Roosevelt for
president in 1912, has returned from
a trip thru Europe. To judge by the
speech he made he has learned moth
ing. As he does not believe in taking
American Democracy to Europe but
keep it at home, he has ceased to be
a progressive.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

Because President Harding was
taken sick he did not get to deliver
a speech at San Francisco, so it was
let loose for the newspapers in Wash
ington. 1t was his best. It ended
by advocating the World Court. It
shows the fine political art of Secre-
tary of States Charles E. Hughes and
Herbert Hoover and cut the political
ground from under Hiram Johnson,
U. S. Senator from California.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

President Harding and two of his
cabinet officials have been on a junket
trip to Alaska. He has made many
speeches, but has made no definite
suggestions how to solve domestic
problems. What the people in this
region want to know most is how to
get coal for next winter and how to
get it cheaper.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
THE LEAGUE A CURE

The Public Ledger, in commenting
IN the fact that the League of Ma
tions has been called upon to save
Hungary from ruin, Just as 1t sayeo
Austria and stabilized SlleSla' ASKS:
s'Tf the League can bind up n cure
The worst hurts Of war, what could II
AZ If all the world were in it, for the
preservation Of peace?"
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

The 5000 trolley men on strike for
a raise in wages from so cents to 65
cents an hour in AT municipalities in
Camden and upper New Jersey should
become carpenters and masons where
the wage scale is from so cents to
SO an hour.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

In the recent development of a
Chinese linotype, taking the place Of
twelve men, the number of characters
has been reduced from 10000 to 40.
At present only 5 per cent Of the
Chinese are able to read and write,
but with the reduction Of the number
Of symbols it is hoped that the litter
acy rate may be considerably lower.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

Berlin statisticians estimate the
n@onnIation of the earth OF 1,8O4,187,-
S31. of whom 7 per cent live in cities
of more than 100000 population;
Increasing the consumption of cheese
in America offers large opportunities
for the development of the dairy IN
dustry. Our per capita consumption
of cheese is 3.8 pounds, while IN some
European countries it is five times
that amount.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
Six Months of Each

Mrs. Eskimo Ito neighborJ-Well,
between playing golf in the daytime
and poker at night, l don't see much
of my husband in the year.
The world is a looking-glass,
Wherein ourselves are shown
We cannot change the world a whit,
Only ourselves who look in it.
Susan Coolidge.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03
DOWN BY THE RIVER

Down by the river the log hut stands
Where my mother and father dwelt,
And the old door latch
That was worn by their hands,
And the Church where in prayer
they knelt.
But years have passed since that
happy time,
And the river keeps rolling along,
And the birds and the bees
And the waving trees
Keep singing the same old song.
Row, row, row your boat
Gently down the stream,
For all that's passed
And gone at last,
And the future is but a dream.
The high grass grows on the masters
grave,
But the river keeps rolling along;
And the birds and the bees,
And the waving trees,
Keep singing the same old song.
Row, row, row your boat
Gently down the stream,
For all that's passed
And gone at last,
And the future is but a dream.
Attributed to
DIR. Thomas Dunn English.
What is said to be the deepest mine
in the world is at st. John del Rey,
Brazil. 1t is 6,726 feet deep and at
its bottom the temperature of the
rock is 1T degrees Fahrenheit.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

Picking News, published since the
sixth century, is said to be the oldest
newspaper in the world.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

Girls aim at marriage and after
ward some of them aim at husbands.
The Penn's Grove record., 1923-08-03

"Honest toll is holy service"
Evening star., 1923-08-09
STOPS AT CANTON.
Funeral Cortege Shows Mark of
Respect for Mckinley.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ON BOARD HARDING FUNERAL
TRAIN, CANTON. Ohio. August .
The funeral train bearing the body of
the late President Harding to Marion
was stopped for one minute at Canton
today as mark of respect to William
Mckinley, often called the political
mentor of Mr.. Harding.
Later another stop of one minute
was planned at Caledonia, where the
late Chief Executive spent his boy
hood days. The train arrived in Cam
ton at 9:25 am, nearly two hours be-
hind schedule.
Crosses Border mt 7:15.
EAST PALESTINE, Ohio, August 8.
The Harding funeral train on its
way to Marion, Ohio, crossed the
Pennsylvania border into the dead
Presidents state here at 7:15 am. to-
day.
The train was travelling slowly,
making a speed of probably fifteen or
twenty miles an hour. The tracks
were lined with people, and workmen
in factories bordering the railroad
stood silently at the windows as the
funeral train passed.
Evening star., 1923-08-09
BY JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES.

oA<A AAHI
Author Of 1.-THE Economic Consequences Of
the Peace"
Special Cable to The Star and New Republic
LONDON. August 9.-Mr Baldwin's
draft note to Germany and NJ. Poin-
cares reply are in most particulars
pretty much what every one expected.
Mr. Baldwin is feebler than we hoped ;
NJ Poincare as unbending as usual
Only one point in the documents
themselves requires comment.
With the object, presumably, Of
satisfying diehards in his cabinet and
In his party, Mr.. Baldwin has con-
tingently undertaken to advise Ger
many to abandon passive resistance.
Does Mr.. Baldwin understand what
responsibility he takes on himself if
he gives this advice? There are only
two conditions in which he is entitled
to take the line OF q well-meaning
third party advising Germany for her
own good to abandon her only
weapon. He can advise her in this
sense in return for a firm and specific
promise of fair treatment from
France, obtained by him as an inter-
mediary. Failing this. he has no right
to speak unless he is prepared him.
self to guarantee fair treatment If
Evening star., 1923-08-09
Stake AU on One Bold TI,rO,U
For Ruhr Peace, Urges Autl,or
FauOrs Evacuation of German Land,
French Priority on Reparations, Brit
isE Cancellation of Debts, or-Break.

his advice IS taken. the latter guar
antee he is not in a position to give.
For in the first resort he has no
sure means at his command to in
fluence France. If his advice was
contingent on a specific promise from
France and falls to the ground in the
absence of such a promise, Mr.. Bald
win ought--if only for effect on the
feeling in Germany-to make this
clear in his speech. He did not make
it clear, rather the contrary. Never
theless, we must hope that the ac-
tual note to be sent to Germany. II
any note Is sent, will. in face Of the
present position, refrain from any
such advice. We are in danger of
dishonoring ourselves in the same
way as President Wilson dishonored
himself after the armistice. He in
duced Germany to lay down her
arms under the promise Of peace on
fourteen points, and then found him
self impotent to carry out his prom
ise. We may be playing on Germany
the same trick again If we induce her
to give up passive resistance in the
expectation of reasonable settle
ment-
The position as a whole is as plain
as a pike staff. NJ. Poincare thinks
1t to his advantage that Germany
should collapse; he believes that
there is a reasonable expectation of
this within. say. two months: he feels
Continued ON Page 2, Column -
Evening star., 1923-08-09
KILLS WIFE, IS SHOT
HIMSELF BY POLICE
CoIored Prisoner Puts Court
in Uproar Until Bullet
Ends His Life.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, August 9-Washing-
ton Heights court was thrown into
an uproar today when Norman Rob-
erts, a negro; who had been sum-
moned to court on complaint of his
wife, shot her dead in a corridor
fired on a patrolman who attempted
TO capture him and was himself shot
dead by the policeman.
Mrs. Roberts had summoned her
husband TO court on charge of as
sault. When she started toward the
courtroom door Roberts whipped the
pistol from his coat pocket and fired
five times All shots took effect.
A score Of policemen rushed to the
corridor. Roberts fled toward the
stairs and when ordered to halt
turned and fired at the pursuing pa
trolman, The police returned the
fire, and Roberts fell with a bullet
in the head and another in the alb
domen.
Meanwhile nearly 200 persons
grouped in the corridors had sought
places of safety. Some fed the build
ing; others lodged behind doors or
dropped to the floor. Two women
tainted and a dozen were treated for
hySteria.
Evening star., 1923-08-09
WORLD PAYS RESPECTS
TO PRESIDENT COOLIDGE
Diplomats Make Formal Call for First
Time Outside of White House.
National Leaders Visit Chief.

The diplomats shook hands with
the President and many of them
paused to say "a few words to the
Chief Executive. Gen. Gouraud of the
French army. designated by the
President of France especially to at
tend the funeral of President Hard
ing, called with the diplomats.
The + street entrance of the hotel
and the corridor had been cleared to
permit the official reception of the
diplomats. which passed without in
Cident
Takes Brisk Walk.
President Coolidge was up early
this morning. in fact at Gas o'clock.
Notwithstanding the arduous day he
had spent yesterday. He took a
brisk walk for a mile up TO Thomas
circle and back to the hotel, accom-
panied by the secret service men. The
rush of visitors began soon after the
President had had his breakfast and
kept up continuously through the
morning hours.
Gov. Clifford Pinchot OF Pennsyl-
CONTINUED on Page ., Column p
Evening star., 1923-08-09

President Coolidge today received the
diplomatic representatives OF the ma
tions of the world. who called at the
New Willard to pay their respects to
the new President of the United States
The formal call of the diplomats upon
President has invariably been made
at least in recent years. at the White
House. Today's reception of the diplo-
mats therefore creates a precedent
The President received the diplomats
in the crystal room on the first floor
of the hotel He was accompanied by
J. Butler Wright, the third assistant
Secretary of state, and Col. Sheriff.
his military aide. The diplomats as
sembled at II O'Clock in a room across
the hotel corridor from the crystal
room, and at the appointed hour. head
ed by the dean of the corps, the Spanish
Ambassador. flied across to the recep-
tion room. The presentations were
made by Col. Sheriff..
Evening star., 1923-08-09
TRAIN IN PITTSBURGH.
100000 See Train Slowly Pass
Through City.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ON BOARD HARDING FUNERAL
TRAIN, PITTSBURGH, Pa, August
9.-The dawn of another sad day in
the life of the nation was breaking
when the, funeral train of President
Harding passed through Pittsburgh.
The dawn was of the day which
would see all that is mortal of War
rem G.. Harding taken home to be
With the friends and neighbors he
loved best.
Despite the early hour-about $50
a n.-there was an almost continu-
GUS tribute paid the memory of Mr..
Harding by the people Of the Pitts
burgh district The silent throngs
were not so great as on Tuesday
when the funeral train passed
through the city on it's way to Wash
ington, but the tribute was just as
reverent and expressive Of the ma
tion'S sorrow.
Trafn an Hour Late.
The train was almost an hour late
into Pittsburgh.
The crowd at the station was not
large, although 1t filled the open
spaces outside the gates and over
flowed into the adjacent streets. But
at every suburban station and every
ttreet intersection across the city the
people had been gathering for hours
Continued on Page s. Column 81
Evening star., 1923-08-09
GLOOMY AT CUNo SPEECH.
Coalition Parties Regard Address
on Ruhr as Disappointing.

BY the Associated Press.
BERLIN. August .. - Chancellor
Cuno's address to the reichstag, in
which he declared that passive resist
ance in the Ruhr and Rhfneland
would continue to be supported by
the nation. has been received as the
most depressing statement yet made
to the national legislature by the pres
ent government. The coalition parties
regard it as disappointing utter
ance.
The chancellor was yisibly discon-
certed by the boisterous hecklinR by
the communist members who. when
he arose to speak. hailed him as
of the SHINES Company" He was
continuously interrupted as the ad-
dress progressed, but when It was fin-
ished there was prolonged applause.
Warns Against Violence.
Asserting that the British draft
reply to the last German reparation
note contained much that was i'm
possible of fulfillment, Herr Cuno
said it appeared England had gone
extraordinarily far in her concessions
to the French viewpoint.
1t is necessary to continue with
all our strength passive resistance,
free from mad acts OF violence and
terror, ne Sald, ana TO support &C
lively from the unoccupied territory
the population which is persevering
in a passive resistance of its own
will"
He reiterated that Germany would
not abandon a German land and be-
tray fellow countrymen." Repeating
the French statement that the Ruhr
was to be freed only when the last
pfennig was paid. and pointing out
that the most vital instrument" with
which GERMANY might pay had been
taken away when the Ruhr was
seized, Herr Cuno asserted that II
Germany's collapse was to be accom-
plished Sin the name Of justice" she
must be under no illusion.
Submission to the merciless oh