davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
PROFIT MADE in
LANDING SEASON
Little Extra Care by Shepherd at
This Critical Period viii Be
Repaid Later On.
GRAIN FEED CAUSES TROUBLE
Use of Small Individual Pens Pre-
vents Other Sheep From Injurng
Young Animals-Prevent Chilli
ing in Cold Weather.
prepared by the United States Department
nfA f1ira 4

prepared by the United States Department
of Agrtculture.)
The lambing season is a busy time
for the shepherd, as the percentage of
lambs saved affects the proftableness
of the flock. Extra work at this period
win be well repaid, as little care
given at the right time will result in
the saving of many lambs, and even
Of some of the ewes that would other
wise be lost, and viii often thus great
ly increase the amount of profit from
the flock, according to specialists of
the United States Department of Ag-
ricuIture.
Ewes which have been well cared
for and which arrive at this season in
good condition will give very little
trouble during lambing. 1t should be
remembered that only small amount
Of grain, approximately one-quarter to
one-half pound per head per day,
should be fed to the ewes just before
Landing, as heavy grain feeding at this
time will often cause udder trouble.
Even in fiocks which have received the
best of care, it is usually necessary to
help. some of the ewes deliver their
lambs. When assistance is needed the
hands should be thoroughly cleansed
and rubbed with oil to prevent infec-
ton and irritation to the eve.
Eve in Individual Pen.
Just before or Immediately after she
has LANDED, each eve should be placed
IN a small individual pen. The use of
these pens prevents the other sheep
from injuring the lambs and gives the
eve a much better chance to mother
her lamb.
AS soon as the lamb is delivered the
shepherd should cleanse the phlegm
from the lambs mouth and nostrils.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

prepared by the United States Department
Of Agriculture)
The live stock industry of the United
States is constantly menaced by an in
vasion by foot-and-mouth disease, a
plague with which our producers and
state and federal governments have
had costly experience on number of
occasions. This disease produced by
the smallest of germs, is one Of the
most highly infectious and serious dis
eases affecting cloven-footed farm ami
mails, and when introduced into coun-
try spreads with great rapidity. Should
the disease appear in the United
States, it would seriously interrupt the
business of marketing, transporting,
feeding and slaughtering and cause
great losses to owners Of live stock.
1t is beyond possibility of eradication
with the present methods employed in
most countries of continental Europe,
and England is just getting her most
recent outbreak under control. The
only countries on the other side of the
Atlantic from which live stock may
now be shipped to this country are
Scotland and the islands of Guernsey
and Jersey.
Greatest Danger to Industry.
But, perhaps, the greatest danger to
the industry in this country lies in
the presence Of the disease in South
America, Central America, and Jamai-
ca. Constant vigilance on the part of
the United States Department of Ag
riculture is maintained to prevent the
importation Of diseased animals or ma
terial that might carry the infection
within our borders. The organization
for providing this protection for our
live stock resources is inconspicuous
SO long as no drastic action is neces-
sary, but a well-organized army Of
veterinarians and other employees of
the department and of state live stock
sanitary bodies is ready to take arms
against the insidious invader at prac-
tically a moments notice
In the words of Dr. John r. Mohler,
chief of the bureau of animal industry
s'the bureau has not only instructed
its men m the necessary procedure in
the event Of another outbreak, but it
has selected certain experienced men
to fill definite assignments in the vari-
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

genuinely interested in country life
and willing to do their part in the
work Of the club shall be eligible to-
membership. (If desired, the member
ship may be extended to form a COM
nsunity country life club in the high
school) (b) For community club.
Any person who is genuinely interest
ed in country life old enough and
willing to participate in the work Of
the club, shall be eligible to member
ship.
4. officers The officers shall consist
of a president, vice president and Sec
retary-treasurer. All shall be elected
by ballot for a term Of one year. (Ofi-
GERS of student clubs should be elect
ed in the spring, before the close Of
the school year,
5. Duties of Officers The officers
shall exercise such duties as. are dele
gated to them by the customary rules
of parliamentary law.
6. Permanent Committees-(a) For
student club. A program committee of
three members shall be appointed by
the new president Immediately after
election (b) For community club.
Three permanent committees shall be-
appointed by the new president inn
mediately after election. These COM
mittees are:
"a The program committee of three
members.
(2) The membership committee Of
three members, whose duty shall be-
to promote the growth Of the club.
(39 The refreshment committee con-
sisting of a permanent chairman and
three other members chosen by the
chairman each month to assist in PLAN
ming the refreshments.
Z. Meetings-The regular meetings
shall be held twice a month.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

imports from that country. Until re
Gently cattle were shipped from Guate-
mala by rail into southern Mexico Al
though Honduras has not admitted the
presence of the disease there, Guate-
mala considers this next-door neigh
Dor the source Of the infection that is
now causing her losses.
Jamaica is another of our near
neighbors which has foot-and-mouth
disease in epizootic form. The chief
live stock sanitary official of that Is.
land has said that at first false re-
port as to diagnosis was given out be-
cause a knowledge of the true nature
Of the disease would be bad for ex-
port trade" Before the disease on the
island had been definitely diagnosed,
several shipments Of hides and skins
which arrived in New York city were
refused entry because the chief of the
bureau Of animal industry was sus-
picious that the epizootic disease in
Jamaica could be none other than foot
and-mouth disease. These hides and
skins were thereupon returned to
Jamaica. Another shipment of skins
reached New York destined for Mon
treal. The Department of Agriculture,
in conformity with "gentleman's
agreement" with Canada, notified the
minister of agriculture at Ottawa and
this shipment was also held up and
had to be returned to Jamaica.
With this dangerous plague menac-.
ing one Of our great industries from SO
many places it is important that not
only the federal and state officials
keep close watch, but that everyone in
terested in live stock production or
marketing Immediately report sus-
picious cases. as there must be no
delay in taking prompt action should
the disease appear
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
BY c. l. BUCKINGHAM, Secretary o
the American Ayrshire Breeders

BY u Es BOHEINGFTANy 0SGICldiy "
the American Ayrshire Breeders
Association.
Wisconsins dairy products, rightly
merchandised, would dominate the
markets of this country.
The product of the states 100000
milk. cows wisely directed marketward
could be made to yield such profits as
their owners have never thus far Sc
cured. Efficient marketing would place
Wisconsin cheese and butter and con-
densed milk where the demand for
each product was greatest and would
bring each to the market when the de-
maid was strongest for It.
Such marketing includes grading
anG selling according to grades. 1t re-
quires that the product of superior
quality be directed to the particular
trade which will give the largest re-
turn for it. Constant effort would be
made to improve the entire output and
to turn increasing percentages toward
the quality markets. Definite brands
would be adopted under such market
ing and extensively advertised. SO
carefully would grading be practiced
and so jealousy would the brands be
guarded that the consumer would
have confidence in them and be willing
not only to pay prices commensurate
with quality but to increase his pur-
chases. The name wisconsin" would
appear only. on products Of the high
est excellence and would hold place
Of honor on every market. That con-
dition Of Badger marketing affairs Is
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

Cared For.
in the country. Thousands upon
thousands die each year from improper
attention to the youngsters after
Matching, and thousands fail to hatch
from inexperience in handling incu-
bators. To begin with, all eggs should
be tested before placing in an incu-
bator or under hens. If this be done
only good, strong germ eggs would be
used and those showing defects would
be rejected and sent to market for
table use. Special attention should
be given incubators to see that the
thermometer registers just right, and
also note that you have the required
moisture Incubators should be started
at 1O1 degrees, 1902 second week, and
If the hatch is good the thermometer
will sometimes go as high as 105 de-
grees the third week Those chicks
which hatch on the night of the
nineteenth day or early on the twen-
tieth will be pretty apt to live, as
they were good, strong, 100 per cent
fertile eggs. Those that hatch later
range in vitality from so per cent to
so per cent The 100 per cent birds
thrive and mature to be standard
weight. Those under that die begin
ming the third day, and sometimes
string out for two or three months.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
VITAMlNEs FINE FOR LAYERS
MIX and Green succuIent Plant
crowths Are Essential for Hens
Sour Milk Also Good.

Laying hens need vitamines, IN
doubtedly, and other elements which
are found in certain specific types Of
foods such as milk and green succulent
plant growths. The use Of sour skim
milks has long been recognized as a
splendid supplement to the grain and
mash. Feed it in open pans, provid-
ing free access, If it can be secured at
a reasonable price. Use semi-solid
butteunilk at the rate of 8 to 5 pounds
to 100 hens per day.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
USE WHEAT DOCkAGE
AS FEED FOR STOCK
Foreign Material Was Removed
at Threshing Time.
Makes Excellent Substitute for High
Priced oats ard Other Grains
Clean Wheat Brings Higher
Price on Market.

prepared by the United States Department
Of Agriculture.)
Enough coarse foreign material, or
dockage, to feed ten cows and 80
horses for seven months was removed
from the wheat grown on North
Dakota farm in 1921, according to in
formation received by the United
States Department of Agriculture.
The foreign material was removed
from the wheat at the time of thresh-
ing with an experimental grain re-
cleaner tested by r. H. Black, in
charge of grain-cleaning investigations
for the department. The foreign ma
terial was finely ground before feed
ing so as to kill the germs Of the
weed seeds.
The owner of the farm had previ-
ously sold his wheat sin the dirt" at
his local elevator and had received
nothing for the foreign material in
the grain Moreover he had been
compelled to use high-priced oats and
other grains for feed for his live
stock. BY cleaning his grain and
grinding the dockage in 1921, he OBJ
tanned fairly good feed at practically
no cost.
another inducement to clean grain
on the farm is that clean grain will
usually bring higher price in the
market than grain which contains
dockage," Mr.. Black says.
Various types of cleaning machines
and methods Of cleaning grain on the
farm are described in Farmers Bulle-
tin 1887, Foreign Material in Spring
Wheat, copies of which may be OBJ
tanned upon request of the United
States Department of Agriculture,
ILL ..44.,a u q
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
PLANNING FOR 1923 SEASON
Time to Decide on Kind Of Incubators
and Breeders to Buy Figure
on Laying PuIIets.

Proper care of the brooders is essen
tial to success in the spring. 1t is
time to decide on the kind of incuba-
tors and brooders to buy, as manufac-
turers will be rushed to make quick
deliveries later. # any breeding cock
erels will be needed it is well to order
now and not be forced to take 1eftovers
then.
1t is also well to figure now the
number of laying pullets for next fall.
1t will require on an average five eggs
set for every pullet produced. IT win
take approximately one breeding hen
for every five or six pullets that are
Matched not later than April.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
POULTRY SELECTION is BEST
One of Quickest and Surest Ways of
Making Improvement In Flock
Quality Counts.

One of the quickest and surest ways
Of getting Improvement In poultry is
through selectioa. Too many people
have quantity, to the exclusion of
quality, in mind If you want in
creased production, it would be much
better to have six producing birds
in pen with male from a high
producing female than to have a
breeding pen of 200 females mated to
a bunch of males Of unknown origin.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

Only Good Bulls Should Head Herd.
total of 2,293 persons who had pledged
themselves in writing to use purebred
sires for all classes of live stock
raised Virginia's total was 1880.
Early in January, Virginia filed with
the department 1O4 additional pledges
in one day, thus passing the 1000
mark and narrowing the margin con-
siderably.
Other states similarly active in this
organized drive to improve their live
stock are Nebraska, Kentucky, Wash
ington, South Carolina and Vermont
Current progress of the work in these
and other states is shown by report,
just issued by the bureau of animal
industry, and is obtainable on re-
quest.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

necessary to the largest success Of
Wisconsin's dairy industry.
That condition can be brought about.
Increased market returns will quickly
follow the adoption of selling plan
as intelligently operated as is produc-
ton on the many dairy farms Of the
state. This calls for cooperation of
the highest order cooperation with-
in communities and cooperation be1
tween communities. But the certain
results are worthy Of the strongest eff
fort, and the present market situation
makes it necessary
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
/ POULTRY
glye,~7Y6IY@~1|
HIGH MORTALITY OF CHICKS
Knowledge, Care and Good Judgment
Required to Bring Little Fellows
to Maturity.

There is no doubt about the state
ment that if the mortality among
young chicks could be averted and the
per cent that dies be brought to ma
turity, the poultry industry would be
one Of the largest, if not the largest,
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
SHIP ONIONS LONG DISTANCE
Important That They Be Properly Ma
tured, Cleaned and Graded
Before Packing.

If properly matured, cleaned and
graded, onions may be shipped long
distances. If they are shipped to
points outside of your state they have
to be graded according to the stand
ards adopted by the United States De
partment of Agriculture. Before ship
ping. you should know the financial
standing Of the person or firm you are
dealing with.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
INCREASING EGG PRODUCTION
PouItryman Should Make Use of Trap
Nest and Employ Systematic
Method of Breeding.

The poultryman who would increase
the average egg production of his
fowls should employ the trap nest at
least to some degree, practice careful
selection always, and put into effect
systematic method of breeding which
win resu,s IN a more efficient strain.
grain, for the FIRST few days
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
VIRGINIA AND OHIO
URGE BETTER SIRES
Two States Have Been Active in
Improving Stock.
Nebraska, Kentucky, Washington,
South Carolina and Vermont Are
Also Actively Engaged in
Drive to Improve Animals.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
For more than a year the states of
Virginia and Ohio have been unusual
ly active, as shown by United States
Department of Agriculture records, in
improving their live stock by the use
Of purebred sires. At the end of the
calendar year 1922 Ohio showed a
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

Average Badger Farm Has Ten Cows.
Wisconsin leads the nation in tina
number of milk cows kept upon the
farm. There are, according to official
counts, 1,795, 122 cows supplying milk
to city trade, creameries, cheese fac
tories and condenseries in this state.
This means that, on the average. every
farm in the Badger state has little
herd Of ten cows.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

A hungry hen is usually a good

A hungry hen is usually a good
layer.
Environment is great factor In
egg production.
Extreme cold and extreme heat alike
affect the flow of eggs.
A turkey five months old is as good
as raised, but do not be in hurry
about fattening.
No flock of fowls can produce a
high average egg yield per year per
fowl unless there has been bred into
that flock the capacity to use large
amounts of food, respond to proper
care and environment, and form eggs.
Nearly all the eggs are laid be-
tween the hours of nine o'clock in the
morning and three o'clock in the after
noon.
The care of the newly Matched
chicks is without question the most
exacting task that devolves upon the
noultryman or poultrywoman.
AS the seasons vary, the time when
chicks may be put on range will vary
slso There is danger of getting the
chicks out too early unless well pro-
tected
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
sow Spinach Early.

Spinach must be sown at the earlf-
est possible moment in the spring and.
given rich soil. Speed of growth Is
the main demand If a good crop of
big wrinkled leaves is to be secured.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

Some lambs when dropped, while APP
parently normal in every way, viii
fail to start breathing, but oftentfmes
their breathing may be started by
blowing into their mouth and nostrils.
The first few hours of the lambs
life is the most critical period through
which it passes. In cold weather care
is required to prevent the newborn
lamb from chilling. In case lamb be
comes slightly chilled it may usually
he revived by wrapping in dry cloths
or by being placed near warm fire
for short time. If badly chilled, how
ever, it may be necessary to immerse
the lamb for two or three minutes in
water which is as hot as the hand can
bear, after which it should be wiped
as dry as possible, wrapped in dry
cloths and placed in warm room
Lambs which are unable to stand
and sucl1le, and those which have
been chilled, should be helped to Sc
cure a fill of milk as soon as possible
After they have sucked two or three
times and become thoroughly dry and
warm they viii stand considerable
hardship.
Ewes Disown Lambs.
If individual pens are used for the
eve and lamb, and the ewes are in good
condition so that they have sufficient
milk for their offspring, very few of
the lambs, will be disowned. Young
ewes with their first lamb, and those
in poor condition, give the most trou-
BILE in disowning their lambs. In case
a eve refuses to own her lamb it often
helps to draw some of the milk and
rub it upon her nose and over the
lamb If she has lost her lamb she
may be induced to adopt some dis
owned one Or a twin lamb by taking
the skin from her own lamb and fast
ening it over the one to be adopted.
The ewes should be given all the
water they want Immediately after
lambing, and care should be taken to
cut down on their feed, particularly
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
BYE for Nurse Crop.

Rye has been used successfully as a
nurse crop for alfalfa, but barley,
wheat and oats are more commonly
used. !
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

Gus phases of quarantine and erad1ca-
ton work. A list of these men and the
work they are to do is on file at Wash
ington SO that within an hour after
the disease makes it's appearance in
structions can be telegraphed to these
regular and reserve officers Of the dis
se-defense army and the work Of
combating the destroyer will begin at
once. The states have been urged to
make similar preparations" A book
of instructions as to the procedure in
all phases. of the work is in the hands
of all chief inspectors and a supply is
in reserve for emergency use.
These statements are not made with
the idea of creating alarm, but to as
sure farmers and breeders and others
interested that the sources from which
oot-and.mouth disease might come are
well known, that the avenues Of pos
sible Introduction are being watched,
and that the country is prepared to
checknate the invader wherever and
whenever he may appear. AS a result
Of experience this country has learned
that the drastic method of quarantine,
slar ghter. and disinfection of premises
is che quickest, safest, and most
economical. Countries which have
tesnporized with it as result are
suffering permanent and continuous
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05
Close Watch on Mexico.

Mexico, although the disease has not
been reported as existing there, is
looked upon as a convenient bridge
between Guatemala, a country which
has reported the presence Of the
plague, and our southwestern border.
For that reason representatives of the
bureau Of animal industry are keeping
close watch on live stock and other
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-04-05

A turkey five months old is as good
as raised. but do not be in hurry
about fattening.
Gunnison news-champion., 1923-11-09
GREEDY CALF
PUZZLES CITY

All Of Crested Butte was agitated
thiy week pser = ~ 1ollnr enlf -of
uncertain parentage, which was claim
ed by both Ira Morrow and George
Kapushion Sr. The suit was brot
originally in Judge Welsh's justice
court, but change Of venue secured to
that Of Judge Songer. Judge Sprigg
Shackleford Of Gunnison represented
the Kapushion claims, while Ira Nor
row had hired Attorney Thos. Hogan.
II seems that thieving, brockIe-
faced calf, variously estimated at from
four to seven months old, was suck
ing two cows whenever he got the
chance. One was cow apparently
Of mixed Hereford and Shorthorn
blood belonging to Mr.. Morrow, and
which the owner claims he bought
last April from Lauren Waterman and
that the calf was along. Mr.. Water
man also identified the COW and thot
the calf was much the same, altho
many months have elapsed. Nor
rows story was that the Kapushion
milk cows ran along his fence and on
the range, and that the calf also
started to suck mixed breed Jersey
Holstein, one Of the herd. This went
along for two weeks and one day Mr..
kapushion gathered up his bunch and
the calf along with it. Mr.. and Mrs.
kapushion, their two sons and daugh-
ter, swore positively that the calf be-
longed to the COW and was true
blood dcscendent. The calf was in
discriminate in its affections, securing
all the food possible from both fami-
lies and both cows.
After numbefless witnesses were
examined and half the town of Crest
ed Butte was lined up on one side or
the other, Judge Songer decided in
favor of Morrow's interests. Notice
Of appeal has been given.