San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-08-26

ligious but also with political opposi.
| ton, the religious, as usual, predopi'
mating in its severity. The result was
| that the coffee houses were closed,
only to be later re-opened.
Sale Meets With Opposition.
The government, first with that in.
stinctive faculty so natural TO all des-
potic rulers of converting 10 Their ,wn
advantage the tastes and projudices
of their subjects, laid heavy tar on
the sale and consumption OF coffee.
from which it derived an enormous
revenue. But the ever-trembling APP
prehensions of such forms of govern
ment. not satisfied with this restric-
ton, found. or rather fancied 1t found,
in the coffee houses resorts for the
disaffected and nurseries OF sedition.
These dangerous places" were conse-
guently regarded with jealous eye,
and again proclaimed against by the
edict OF the sultan. But not being
deemed formidable beyond the precincts
of the city, and also being of too much
Importance to the public revenue, they
were suffered to remain open In all
other parts Of the empire. Scruples OF
conscience and political objections.
however. eventually died out, religious
superstition and political opposition be-
ing no longer excited against the use
of coffee as n beverage, so far as the
Turkish empire was concerned,
introduced Into Western Europe.
1t is likewise difficult to determine
in what year and in what exact man
ner coffee was first carried from Con-
stantinople TO western Europe, but 1t
is generally admitted that the Vene-
tians, on account of the proximity OF
their dominions and extensive trade
with the Levant, were the first Euro
peans to become acquainted with it. 1t
is a noteworthy fact that the three
principal dietical beverages OF the
world were introduced into Europe
within a few years Of each other. cocoa |
being the first of the three which ac-
tually appeared there, having been !
brought 10 Spain from South America.
Coffee followed. coming from China by |
he hands OF the Portuguese.
The first authentic mention made OF
,offee or Its use by European is
probably that of Rauwolf. n German
physician and traveller, upon his re-
urn from an extended tour through
syria. in 1913. The first scientific ac-
.ount Of the plant being that given by
slipinus, an Italian naturalist, in his
dedicina Egyptorium, published in
Venice in 1901.
Its use as beverage is first referred
o by two English travelers-Biddulph
nd Finch-the former, in writing of it
n 1908. stating that the Turks have
or their most common drink COFFEE
blackish drink made from q kind OF
,ulse-like pease, and called by them
'oava."
In 1907 Finch relates that "the peo-
lie of the island Socotra have for their
est entertainment China dish called
'obo. a black. bitterish drink. made OF
berry very like a bay-berry. brought
rom Moka, and supped off hot"
While Pietro Valla. Venetian. in
after written from ConstantinopIe, IN
ain states that upon his return to
-enice. "he would bring back with him
ONE coffee which he believed was
hing heretofore unknown in his coun-
nv" and which he subsequently did.
I is also referred to. in 1921, by Bur
IN in his ANATOMY of Melancholy as
ollows: The Turks have drink
allied coffee, so named from a berry,
lack ms SCOT and as bitter, which they
nm mn hot. because they find by ex-
erience that that kind of drink. so
sed. helpeth digestion and promoteth
lacrity."
Coffee in liquid state is said TO
ave been sold in Rome as early as
625. Some of the prepared beans of
Office were first carried from Turkey
0 France by De la Heye. as early as
644: lot only coffee, but also the
roper apparatus for preparing it. In
CO.. a small quantity was brought to
aris by Thevenot. its use. however.
cling confined solely to his own imme-
late family and a few friends.
Becomes Popular i'm France. |,
Up TO this period. however. and for
nv years after. it has never been seen
nd scarcely ever heard of bN the pub
c at large in that country. But in
$50 several bales of coffee were
hipped from Alexandria to Marseil-
Use. and in 1911 the first coffee house
as opened in the latter city near the
xchange, where the merchants met to
noke, talk business and divert them
lives with play. But it was not I'M
| the year 1869 that coffee drinking
ecame popular in France, though in
travellers had brought with
lem from the East few pounds OF
lie then curious berry. In that year