davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
VIII
HosTos, soc1oLoGo

La originalidad de Hostos como So
ciologo consiste en- que, no contento
con repetir a sus antecesores, aunque
vali6ndose del dep6sito de experien-
cias legado, estudi6 por ST las socie-
dades qrte tuvo a la vista, estudio las
sociedades hist6ricas, y de su estudio
sac6 en- limpio verdades generates nue.
vas. Por 10 menos, sus verdades tie
nen mucho de la verdad. Por clio
Hostos pertenece, aunque hasta ahora
no Sc lie haya reconocido asi, la eyre
gia minoria de pensadores primaries.
La esencia de la filosofia social de
Hostos surge tan majestuosa como la
audacia del edifcio de ideas que erige
este pensador.
Por los fen6menos generates de Ia
vida social Sc advierte uh orden a que
obedecen Las sociedades. Este orden
no puede existir sin leyes que 10 fun
damenten: esas leyes son las leyes ma
turales de Ia sociedad.
Como Hostos ha comprendido la &C
tividad Functional del ser social en- Gin
CO g6neros de fen6menos, las 1eyes
naturales de la sociedad deben de CO.
Responder a esas cinco actividades ge-
nericas de la classification hostosiana.
Asi es, en- efecto.
Estas leyes funcionales Sc denomi7
nan: tLey de Trabajo'', 'tLey de Ii
bertad". ssLey de Progreso", "Ley
de Civilization o de Ideal" y "Ley
de Conservation Pero, ademas de
esas cinco leyes funcionales, existen
las dos leyes generates que el nombra:
'Ley de la sociabilidad' y "Ley de
los Medios."
veamos en- que consiste la ley de
Sociabilidad.
Producto de la asociaci6n de dos Sc
res. ell hombre en- ninguna 6poca de su
vida. puedc desarrollarse prosperar
sino en- asociaci6n de otros seres. Lo
que ocurre al individuo ocurre tambien
al grupo, desde ell primer grupo consti-
tuido. a caUBa de las necesidades y
debiliaddes individuales, La familia,
pasando por ell Municipio y la Provin
cia hasta la Naci6n AL traves de
todas las escalas evolutivas-desde la
tribu hasta Ell Estado International
la sociabilidad ''es una ley natural a
,, que obedecen todos los seres de ra-
z6n'. Hostos La define como ia
constitution natural de las sociedades
humanas
La otra ley general, la de los Me-
dios, no resrilta menos constante y eff
ciente. He aqif como la enuncia:
'sToda fuerza social, al pasar de un
medic otro, Sc quehranta
Esta alteration de fuerza social pue-
de producirse en- sentido de mas en-
sentido de menos; en- sentido de mas,
cuando la traslaci6n Sc efectna en- cier-
tas condolences favorables; en- sentido
de menos, cuando ocurre 10 contrario
En- resumen: aEl cambio de los me-
dios modifica la efectividad de los
agentes'', y, por tanto, no Sc puede
esperar que Sc produzca Ell mismo fe-
n6meno social en- distintas latitudes,
en- distintos tiempos de la Historic, nj
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
a LOS sUscRIToREs DE .sEL MUM
Do'' EN- SALINAS

Por medic de estas lineas les hago
saber que desde este mes ell periodico
sera colorado quincenalmente. Pues de-
bido a las conveniencias de algunos
subscritores me es impossible .darle Ell
periodico mensual. Esto me trae dema-
siados trastornos para remesar la ad-
ministraci6n su debido tiempo. FL que
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
Sc VENDEN

Tres casas en- Santurce, calle Lam
dr6n 27, $3,400; Avenida Antonsanti
10, $4,000 y calle Iturriaga 6, $500.
Compradas las tres casas. Precio to-
Ia. $4,000.
Direction. Box 991. Arecibo. P. R.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25


ST usted habIa alg1n amigo Ie pregunta de las
propiedades reconsttIyentes de TABLODES DE FUERZA
segurdad obtendra benos normes Taboides
de Fuerza tenen asegurado nobe por nnidad de
testimonies de gatitud durante mas de ounce amos
que fueron feizmente combatdos Los "Tabodes de-
Fuerza" aIimento medicna; hay anena que
ssta efecos los coIores perddos vueven la ale
grfa de la saIud: En- Boticas: 40 centavos.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
soLIcITo

Agentes y corresponsales, para dar
conocer La Critics Popular, sema-
mario independents defensor de los in
tereses del pueblo en- general. Compro
un AGime6grafo de uso; Dirijase Box
ATT Guayama, P. r.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
COLEGIO PERCY
ADELE sELANDER

Enfermera graduada del Hospital
de la Universidad de Helsingfors, Fin
landia. Da MASAJES y tratamientos
por prescription medica.
Residential 13O Ave. Ponce de
Leon.
Tel. 7l2 negro.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
PAPFLERIA EN- GENERAL
CORDHERIA EN- GENERAL

Pita y Manila pura. BarquiIlas,
Conservas, Provisiones en- gene
raj.
Mejores precios y condolences
cARRIGA BROS. & COMPANY
Tel. 848 Tetuan 6-1I2
SAN JUAN, P. R.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
VICTOR A. AUFFANT

Ingeniero SonsuItor y Contratis-
tata. Pozos Artesianos. Cons
trucciones en- general. p. o.
Box 73, TeIefono 234, Ponce,
Puerto Rico.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
No Sc Ocupe De !.
Sinapisr11os

No vale la pena ponerse a
mezclar mostaza y harina con aqua
cuando para aliviar el dolor, irrita-
ci6n o tension solo basta un POGO
del Musterole-unguento claro Y
blancuzco fabricado a base de
aceite de mostaza.
Musterole ofrece alivio pronto en-
casos de renquera NAL de gar
ganta, bronquitis, tonsilitis, crup.
torticol, asma, neuralgia, dolor de
cabeza, congestion en- el pecho,
pleuresia, reunatismo, lumbago.
dolores de la espalda coyunturas,
torceduraS, m1sculos adoloridos,
contusiones y catarros en- el pecho
(quizas prevenga una pulmonia).
Sc vende en- las boticas en- pomos
tubillos.
MUCHO MEJOR QUE UN SINAPTSMQ
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
CURSOS
COMERCIALES

Ensehamos taquigrafia fGregg" en-
ingl6s y en- castellano, mecanografia,
teneduria de hbros, caligrafia, CORES
pondencia mercantil, ingl6s castella-
no cOmercial, derecho mercantil, arit-
m6tca comercial, administration y or
ganizaci6n de empresas mercantiles,
economis politca, etc. Cursos diurnos
y nocturnos. Graduamos en- DoCE ME-
SEES, admitimos en- cualquier fecha
Graduados de octave grado. Asegura-
mos el buen exito. Solicite prospecto
mas information.
CoLEGIO PERCY
Gale Isabel 12, Tel6fono 46S, Apar-
tado de correos 241. Ponce, P. r. Advt
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
I'm artiCu|O de BIanCO FOr1bOna
Hostos, filosofo moralista

en- distintos estados de la sociedad. nj
atln en- Ell mismo tempo en- distinto es-
tado, nj aun en- ell mismo estado en- dis
tinto tempo.
En- cuanto a las cinco leyes funcio-
nases u organizes, no habria funciones
sociales sin leyes sociales que pre-esta-
blecieran el metodo necesario la fina-
hdad de esas funciones de orlen CO.
lectivo.
Por 10 demas, las siete leyes natu-
rales que el ha descubierto serviran
a futuros exploradores para dar un
nuevo fundamento cientifico a las in
dagaciones de caracter soci6logo.
Parece, a primera vista. que Hostos
incuCriera en- contradiction entire su
doctrina de soci6logo su doctrina de
moralista. Como sociologo, en- efecto.
descubre leyes fatales. contra las ouc
no puede Ell hombre insurgirse nien-
tras que, como fil6sofo moralista. pre-
diea la exaltaci6n de la conciencia pa
-" Ae' 'eNASAAAScS4OA O0 Id V1Ud uuMdud.
Tenemos, pues, de un lado al hombre
considerable como juguete de leyes IA
tales, cogido en- un engranaje potente
de que no puede Ibrarse, de otro
lado tenemos que Sc preconiza la eff
cacia de la educaci6n, ell acrecentamien
to de la inteligencia y la exaltaci6n de
la conciencia para que eel hombre)
cumpla mejor SUI finalidad en- ell mum
do. wsas
Pero Ia contradiction resuita apa-
rente, 81 Sc recuerda que, segtin la
idealogfa hostosiana, Ell hombre. supe-
ditado siempre a la sociedad. tiende
fatalmente hacia ell bien-como Ia So
ciedad, supeditada la euritmia del
Universe, tiende fatalmente hacia ell
orden.
Asf, pues, Ell hombre puede cumplir
mejor SUI destino comprendiendo gra-
cias un grado superior de inteligen-
cia y de conciencia, ell determinismo
que obedece.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25

DEPARTMENT. DEL INTERIOR
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25
ANUNc1o DE sUBAsTA

GoBIERNo DE PUERTO RICO
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-10-25

Tan alto y tan noble resplandece Ell
ap6stol de esta doctrina, tan desligado
del polvo Sc cierne en- los espacios
abiertos su generoso espfritu, que esa
misma nobleza inigualable y esa misma
altitud inalcanzable son Ell mayor re-
paro que rudiera oponerse la etica
hostosiana.
Esta 6tica, en- efecto, parece conce-
bida para un mundo mejor, para un
mundo de humanidad mas facilmente
perfectible. Pero el hombre que como
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
NEW ANAESTHETIC
FAR SUPERIOR TO
OLD ONES IN USE
Consciousness Returns to
Patient Ten Minutes
After Operation.

Dallas. Tex, Oct. 20.-Physicians
at Baylor hospital Saturday began the
use of ethelyne. a newly discovered
anaesthetic, which is said to be the
greatest advance made in this field CT
surgery in the past hundred years.
The new method, now past its cx-
perimental stage, eliminates practical
~ all the danger and the bad features
of chloroform, ether and other forms
of anaesthesia used for years in
American hospitals
Dr.. J. G.. Poe, anaesthesiologist ut
Baylor hospital. assisted by J.. A..
Saunders. Saturday morning gave the
new gas to 2S-month-old child upon
whom an operation for dubbed feet
was made.
Ten minutes after the operation was
performed the child became conscious
and as normal as before the operation
and was playing in the wheel chair in
the corridors.
Principal among the advantages Of
the recent discovery are the elimira
ton of the shock 10 the system which
is so often resultant Of other forms
of anacsthcsia. elimination Of the
danger from pneumonia resulting
from the prolonged uSc of ether. elimi-
nation of the nausea following other
InaeSthptics.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
FOUL PLAY FEARED
WHEN MERCHANT OF
DEL RIO DISAPPEARS
Has Been Missing Six
Weeks After Trip to
San Antonio.

San Antonio detectives have been
requested to assist in search for
J. l.. Allen, merchant of Del Rio,
Tex, reported to have mysteriously
disappeared six weeks ago while in
this city on business trip.
Assistance of the local department
was contained in communication
forwarded by Sheriff NJ. l.. Whistler,
of Del Rio. Relatives of the missing
man. it is reported. fear foul play.
Allen, it is reported, is known TO
have had considerable money with
him on the occasion of his trip here.
Detectives Saturday night reported
they had been unable to find any
trace of the missing man. after
September Z, last. when. officers say,
he checked out of local hotel. On
that date, officers have ascertained,
he cashed n check for 5000.
Allen is described as 45 years old.
) feet 10 inches in height and
weighed about 100 pounds. He was
formerly n resident of Pleasanton and
began business In Del Rio two years
ago. His wife and several children
are deeply concerned over his pro-
tracted absence and are unable. Sher-
iff Whistler reports, to account for
his disappearance.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
FIGHT BETWEEN
GERMAN STATES.
APPEARS NEAR.
Bavaria Warns Berlin
Against withdrawing
Dictator.
SAXONS THREATENED
Plunderers Risk Their
Lives, Iron-fisted Cen
eral Says.
.SAXONS THREATENED

Berlin, Oct. 2O.-War-like rumb.
lings emanatcd from the south OF
Germany tonight as>the cabinet. strug-
Cling with the enormous difficulties
of its foreign policy. decided to apply
directly to the reparations commits
sion for settlement of the Ruhr
dispute.
First Bavaria mequiyocally warned
Berlin against Withdrawing the fed
eral dictator for that state, Won Los
SOW.
Next the iron-fisted General Won
Mueller. federal dictator in Saxuny.
sent fresh letter to President Ieigner
of that state, declaring that. having
received more troons. he intends FORTH
with to restore constitutional con-
ditions" in Saxony. He coupled
with this warning that Ieigner should
not allow himself TO be led by his COM
munist colleagues in the Saxon cab
met.
simultaneously he plararded walls
and public buildings with warning
that persons attempting To plumber
stores or bakeries are gambling with
their lives.
The federal governments efforts to
solve the Ravarian taGgle peacefully
appeared to have failed.
Minister Of Labor Brauns. who is
also a Catholic hricst. secretly dis
patched TO Munich. returned late to
day To tell the cabinet that his at
tempts to propitiate Bavaria have
failed.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
TRAINER SHOOTS
JUDGES WHO RULED
HORSE OFF TRACKS
Blood Transfus;ons Or.
dered to Save Lives
OF Wounded Men.

Akron, Ohio, Oct. 2O.-Blo0d trans
fusions were ordered tonight TO sa /,
the lives of I. W. Gerhardy and
Peter T.. Ca:lcn. nationally known
racing judges, wounded by Marlan
slim" Webb. trainer. who demanded
revenge for the judges order banishing
his horses rom American tracks.
Five. associates of Gerhardy and
Cullen lave volunteered for blood tests.
Webb. who sits quietly in the cOun-
ty Jail here. insisting that he was
justified in the shooting because the
judges ruined me-" is held on an open
charge pending the outcome of his vic
TINS wounds.
The shooting occurred in the lobby
of the big Portage Hotel during the
noon rush today. Webb. carrying a
pearl-hardled revolver. came into the
lobby from the NorthamtOn race track
and. without warning. opened fire.
According to police. the trainer had
been ruled off the track by the two
judges due TO the inconsistent running
of his horse, Oneida.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
TsHS
De la Huerta Says Presi-
dent flans His
Assassination.
FACES GRAFT CHARGES
Former Treasurer Left
Country Bankrupt, Execu-
tive Declares.
OFFICIALS PAY CUT
Political Cliques Hurl
Printed Broadsides
at Each Other.

Mexico City, Oct. 2O.-Bitter pollti-
cal warfare, with the possibility OF
armed conflict, ragged in Mexico to-
night as President Obregon and his
former secretary of the treasury.
Adolpho de Ia Huerta, hurled print
ed broadsides at one another in an
effort to gain a strategic position IN
the campaign for the presidential cleo
tions to be held next year.
Oregon backed up charges by the
present secretary of the treasury,
Alberto PAM, that De la Huerta mad
left the country bankrupt when ne
resigned his portfolio a few weeks ago
TO enter the presidential campaign as
candidate of the so-called liberal
elements. A..
DE In Huerta replied. accusing the
president of plotting his assasslna-
tion TO remove him as the most dan
gerous opponent of Obregons presi-
DENTAL choice, General Elias Gales
Obregons sensational statement an
nounced that, because of DE Ia
Huerta's actions while minister OF the
treasury. it would be necessary Tor
fine government to reduce the salary
Of all state employees, including the
army. 10 per cent.
PAM took office. the president SAID,
10 find the treasury virtually banK-
rupt. nv; s,;d
in part: .,,.;od
"'rhe difference between authorized
expenses and probable income TINS
year is 90.e00.000 pesos.
PAY rolls have been inflated.
at is estimated that my predeces-
sor soelt nearly 10.OOOOO0 pesos q
ycar for excess employees and special
comm. ssioners in different depart
ments. At least GO per cent of TINS
mon,v was expended illegally.
.The national balances for Sep
tembcr 20. excluding fore en- debt,
shows for the nine months ended that
dntc . deficit of 37.2241.7SS pesos.
..Nea.ly 6.000.O00 pesos were ex-
handed from funds destined for the
foreign debts ard deposited in the ma
,ional bank. 49,.
draft, IN the treasury depart
mert in favor of Morgan & Company,
destined for deposit to account for the
foreign debt are unpaid to the amount
of more than 1.000.000 pesos.
"Tbese debts seriously compromise
tbc finannia, and moral credit of the
nation. both at home and abroad. To
continue in this line means complete
bankruptcy.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
DRAGNET STRETCHED
FOR THOUSANDS OF
FRAUDULENT DOCTORS
N G wspaper Investigator
Buys Fake Diploma
for $1,000.

st. Louis, Ne. Oct. 2O.-A dragnet
covering the Mddlewcst TO halt activi-
ties of thousands of clumsy men and
women practicing medicine and chiro-
practic under fraudulent diplomas
stretched out over st. Louis tonight
Following the revelation of the al
legged activities of four doctors. two in
Kansas City Mo-. and two in st. Louis.
in the sale of medical qualifications.
the announced discoveries of St.
Louis newspaper were correlated by
DR.. William Sachs. St. Louis, when
he confessed he had sold fraudulent
high school certificates for the last ten
years.
He involved the three other doctors,
who were placed under arrest.
The newspaper investigator secured
diploma from n st. Louis medical
school. now extinct. for $1,000.
DIR. Sachs said that he believed that
$1,000 persons are practicing under
fraudulent diplomas in the United
States and that similar rings exist in
Chicago, Denver and on the east and
west coasts.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
MONARCHISTS ARE READY
Ex.kai,er's Son Is Secret Commander
in.chief of PlOtters.
Nv HIRAM fl. MODERwELL.
Special cable TO The san Antonio Light
end the Chicago Daily News.
rnnvrirht 1904

Special cable to The san Antonio Light
end the Chicago Daily News.
Copyright. 1928
Berlin. Oct. 20.-Mllitary prepara'
tons for Il mOnarchist revolt IN North
Germany have been complete
The military leader is General Won
I.ettow Norbeck. commander in Ger
man North Africa during the World
War.
The secret mahderin-chief is
Prince Oscar, the younger sou OF for
aer Emperor Wilhelm. lie has vrcn
living in the. Reichswehr barracks at
Potsdanl for the past few weeks.
General ruden lorff is the inter
mcdiary between the Illegal military
organizations. the Black Rtichswehr
and the national army. lie has been
living secretaly in Berlin for the past
week.
All the monarcEiSt couriers are now
mobilizeG for Instant summons. a
hundred aud fifty military automo-
bile trucks are waiting at Rornstedt
npnr potsdam. The split in the
monarchi>t organizations. which
Spoiled the last uprising, has been
healed by the good offices of Rc.chs-
wchr officers.
The Reichswchr has demandet that
state police deliver all heavy artil-
Icry for inspection" Republicans
now believe that the Reichswehr is
completely organized to aid the up
risin. but are uncertain whether Chan
cellar Strespmann will seek TO gain
the leadership by ordering military
measures against Red Saxony. which
would occasion IN instant and conf tie
general strike, or will seek to delay
he climax.
Uniforms Are Ready.
Participation by the Rpichswehr or
national army. in the plot TO over
throw the German republic. is evil
dcnccd BY so many signs that IL may
now be- regarded as certain.
Its GENERALS are pra'tic. lily all
monarchists. willing to join monar-
chist uurisings whenever these prom
Use success. They consider the tins
has now arrived. They have managed
cleyerly in the past few months TO
involve responsible government off
Gals like Minister of War Gessler.
So fat these men are now helpless
TO thwart heir plans.
The illegal military organizations
Sfgun Ill 'lOSt tOHhtNNion WIN
regular army. Their leaders come and
90 freely about Reichswehr head
quarters in Kurfuerstenstrassc. Mem
bers of the BLACK Reichswehr" have
their Equipment nd uniforms hanging
in many Reichswehr barracks, rrndy
TO he taken down when the call comes:
During tho week-and the first of
this month. the Black Reiehswehr was
modified everywhere around Berlin:
The writer is informed that twoillegal
military organizations-the Bismarck
Bund and the Deutscher Herold--
were supplied with ammunition. by the
ReicI swehr. The irr, gulars who. on
October /. attempted uprIsings at
SraEdau and elsewhere were arrested
and sent home with full military equip
ment to await the next summons.
"Mutinous" General Fired.
This SUMMONS as nov been issued.
the correspondent is Informed. ior ir-
regular leaders in Bavaria have re-
(Continued on next page.l
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
BASSO LIKES FLAPPER
Giant Russian Prefers Girls on This
Side Of the Atlantic.

Chicago. Oct. 2O.-"They are more
Sincerous-le files Americana. My
heart leaps to be back"
Chaliapin. giant Russian basso of
the Chicago Grand Opera Company.
looked around joyfully when he ar
rived in Chicago today for another sea-
son. Pc,
"In Europe she is a fantasy-a
dream. Here she is real" The blue
eyes of the opera star flashed. He
suffered. He could not find suffi-
cient English to praise the American
girl adequately.
1.-THE girls in America-she's make
more sports. In Europe she is slow.
She eats much" he continued.
"But marriage. all. non, ] am vaca-
tioning from marriage" the basSo
laughed. Il like your sport. your
music. your dances with many women
beautifully dresSed-but marriage. inn
possible. But now | am speaking like
tenor. Nevertheless. FILES Ameri-
caine are most chic. ] know both
WELL"
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-10-21
Press Asked to Stress Law Observ-
ance- Prosecuting Attorneys CO.
operation Representatives,
Citizens to Be Made to Respect
Volstead Children to Be Edu-
Gated on Temperance-Program Is
Victory for Coolidge.

Washington, D. c. Oct. 2O.-Presdent Coolidge today
secured the adoption by the conference at the
White House of sweeping point program enstng
and coordnatng the support of virtually every official
authority of the countryfedera, state, municipal and
county-in the enforcement of the prohibition laws.
The adoption by the conference of this program fol-
lowed address by President Coolidge, in which the
chief executive of the nation emphasized that the states
must accept their full of responsibility for the
forcement of the laws.
The program of the conference follows:
1-Coordination of all federal state, county and
nicpal forces.
2-To call upon the press to support prohibition law
enforcement stress law observance and treat the enforce
ment program with the gravity of lawess
ness.
$40 call conventions of municipal, county and state
enforcement at convenient date to discuss and adopt
program for the state the federal departments pedgng
every possible support to these conventions.