davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1923-02-11
EAR FINDS LIVESTOCK on ROAD TO RECOVERY A
FIRST DISASTROUS TIMES INDUSTRY HAS
Decade From 1885 to 1895 Worst, Says
Hon. John Kendrick of Cattle Game

strength and flesh as If they had been
fed on hay and grain. In this manner
the nutritious quality of the pasture
and forage of the West became gen.
orally known.
The discovery If the almost un-
limited possibilities for the grazing Of
livestock in the northwest was coin
cldental with the needs of the expand.
ing industry. The ranges along the
Gulf Of Mexico and even across the
Rio Grande in Old Mexico. following
the Civil war, were overcrowded.
Herds had been constantly increasing
due to favorable physical conditions
and absence of markets. 1t was
necessary for the owners to find add.
tional pasturage from which the mar.
kets could be reached. Their require.
ments were me in tho vast ranges in
the northwest. with their abundance
of rich nutritious grasses and favor
able climatic conditions. natural ad.
vantages that were greatly enhanced
by the comparative accessibility of
the markets. Thus began the north.
ern movement'o of the great trail herds
in the late sixties that continued each
spring and summer until the earl
eighties. The last great trail move
ment ended in 1884. During that
period this vast empire was filed with
cattle, horses. and sheep. The extent
of the expansion of the cattle indus.
try during this period is definitely
illustrated by statistics which show
that the number of beef cattle in the
United States increased from l. .OOO,-
900 in 1870 TO nearly "a, 900 900 in
1890.
OverprOduction Developed.
This rapid expansion in the indus
try resulted in overproductlon which
was responsible for a cycle of de-
clining prices that began in the fall
Continued on Page FIve.)
, 1923-02-11
Dairying Division Added
Materially to Income of
Range Business Dur
ing 1922.

ports produced a return greater than
that from beef.
During the year Wyoming export.
ed 100000 beef cattle, worth SlO,44o.-
900: 10000 sheep. worth S3,7SO, 900;
$4,000 horses and mules worth sl.7S2,-
900, and 10000 swine. worth sara.
900. The total value Of tho meat ex.
ports of the year was s14.492, 900.
The 1922 wool clip OF IS million
pounds was 4 million pounds greater
than that Of 1921. but was dispropor.
tionately more valuable. During 1921
there was virtually no market for
wool anG the flockmastcrs of the
state were unable to secure any ex.
cept ~ruinously low bids. The conse-
quence was thai all who could ar.
range finances to do 80. held their
clips over into 1922. They were re.
warded by steadily rising prices dur,
ing the spring of 1922 until wool that
went begging for a buyer in 1921 was
commanding from 80 to SO cents a
pound. and the finer old and new
clips were selling for IS cents a
pound, and some of tho best for ever
more In this review c%ognizancc is
not taken Of the return to nockmast,
crs of the state from wool held over
from 1921. The 1929 clip brought ap
, 1923-02-11

live stock has been about 1000. The
swine. imported, except those for i'm.
mediate slaughter. are mostly regis.
tered and pure bred foundation stock.
During the year 1929 we received
comparatively few shipments Of horses
and did not export many. However.
heavy shipments OF horses were made
from Wyoming during tho period OF
the great war. 1866 and II.
Stock Industry Classified.
While in the beginning OF the cattle
industry of the state there was prac.
tically one classification that of rails.
ing cattle on the range for beef, to.
day there ia at least five classified.
'tionB of the cattle industry. There Is
tho raising OF registered cnttle Of the
beef type, range cattle for beef. pure
bred dairy cattle, dairy cattle OF the
grade class and tho finish feeding Of
seiuct -HurN critic TO- hUC In the
Continued ON Paso TWO
, 1923-02-11
Discovery Of Unlimited
Ranges in Northwest
: CONFIDENT with Ex-
pansion Need.

1t we are either without information
or unmindful OF the records of the
past. Ever since the cattle Industry
reached a stage in its development
that 1t could be classed as n business
in itself, It has gone through periods
of prosperity and periods of depres,
sion. The most definite and far-reach-
ing disaster ever visited upon the
cattle business of the plains came
during the time extending from 1885
to 1895. due in great part to over
production. There had been n great
expansion of the business during the
years just prior to this time, incidental
to the occupation, a few years earlier,
of that vast empire of free range ex-
tending north from the Gulf of Mexico
to the Canadian line and westward
from the Missouri river to and even
beyond tho Rocky Mountains.
Livestock Left to Die, Lived.
Immigrants crossing tho plains dur
ing the late f~orties, who had neither
feed nor shelter for their livestock
were frequently compelled by these
circumstances to abandon 1t to the
mercy of the winter under the con-
viction that the animals must neces-
sarily perish by starvation or freeze
to death in the blizzards. In many
instances they were amazed to find,
with the coming of spring, that the
animals had not only survived the
winter but had actually grown in
, 1923-02-11
By JOIN B.
u. S. Senator from Wyoming

In making a survey of the
cattle industry it would be
helpful to keep in mind that
the unfortunate or disastrous
conditions which have sur
rounded it. as a part of the after
math of the wnr are not peculiar
to this business alone, but extend in
n degree at least to nearly every other
industry. Nevertheless the serious
difficulties of both farmers and
stockmen are real and not imaginary.
It is also true that the direct and com
polling causes of distress which apply
to the livestock business and other
phases Of the agricultural industry,
do not apply to other industries. The
fundamental difference in the condi.
lions involving the armers and stock
men and those that prevail in other
industries, is found in h very def
mite fact that practically every other
producer has found a way either
directly or indirectly to fix the prices
Of his product not on a basis involv:
ing cost of production alone, but
which will afford him what he calls
n reasonable profit. The farmers and
stockmen are thus found in a class by
themselves in that they are obliged
. to sell in the broad field of com
petition in which no account is taken
of the cost of production while they
must buy in a market in which a
more or less defnite system of price
control is maintained.
Neither is the experience through
which the industry has recently been
passing the first of its kind nor the
worst disaster through which the
business has passed. If we 50 regard
, 1923-02-11

and S40.23 two years ago.
The cattle industry il still facing IL
serious financial condition, which
seems to have improved slightly in
some sections. Cattlemen generally
state that present prices do not cover
the cost of production.
The calf crop the past yenr was
lighter than in 1921, reports from
stockmen indicate that 20 calves were
born for each 100 cows on hand Jan.
uary l, 1922, with losses of 0 per cent
for each 100 calves born. The losses
for cattle met including calves was
6 per cent.
Swine: The number of swine Is
estimated Mt "a, 900 head compared to
$4,000 one year ago and $4,000 two
years ago. The value of all hogs Is
$3.50 per head compared to s12 last
year and S14 two years ago.
Horses: The low value and light
demand has seriously checked the
breeding IF horses, the number this
year is estimated at 1875, 900, against
2O2 900 last year. The value Of all
horses is 1913 per head compared to
S39 last year and $40 two years ago.
Estimates of the number of live
stock on farms, ranches and ranges
in Wyoming and the United States on
January /; with the average price per
head as reported by livestock CORE
spondents.
Livestock on farms, ranches and
ranges. January /.
WYOMING.
Sheen.
, 1923-02-11

Unfavorable conditions which encompassed the agricul-
tural industry of the nation during the last year did not es-
cape Wyoming, but the showing on the whole is encouraging
since the 1921 record was surpassed. Statisticians of the
United States Department Of Agriculture estimate the value
of 1922 crops produced in Wyoming at S2O,922, 900 as
, 1923-02-11
DAIRY INDUSTRY HAS MADE MOST
PROGRESS, veterinarian SAYS
Five Classificahons Of Cattle Business Today As
Compared With But One in The Beginning
Hereford And Shorthom Herds Form
Stock Foundation
BY B. F. DAVIS, D. v. S.
Former State Veterinarian.

The live stock industry of the state is still one of the most
important. The year 1919 was the banner year for number
and value. There were under the supervision of this office
that year, horses, cattle, mules and swine to the number of
more than 100000, and they carried a value of more than
sos. 200. 600. The wear 1920 was less in number and less in
, 1923-02-11
In Furtherng Agricultural Interest Agricultural
Agent Has Devoted Considerable Time to Promot-
ing Projects Which Seem Of Prime Importance.
By c. M. PENLEY

Natrona county can not be spoken Of as an agricultural
county as this term usually implies intensive cultivation of the
soil and crop raising on a comparatively large scale. This
county is primarily a stock-raising region where thousands
upon thousands of sheep and cattle utilize the native feed OF
the rolling sapebrush land.
, 1923-02-11
HNESTOCKISNALUEDAT
MILLIONS MORE THAN YEAR AGO
Report Of United States Bureau Of Agricultural
Economies States That Cattle Are Worth
$50, l38,00O; Sheep Estimated at $21,-
564,00 Roam Our Ranges.

The annual live stock report for Wyoming issued from the
office of the United States Bureau of Agricultural
states that Wyoming live stock is valued at
$~7,3OO,00O more than one year ago, the value being given
$58, 1913, 900. The report indicates that this increase is the
result of the advance in the value of sheep. The report shows
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
HIS LAST FIGHT.

Joe Pulen. colored tenant farmer residing at Drew Mssi
p staged one OF the most remarkable fights that has been
corded in this southern country of He charged with
any heinous CRIME but have been industrious citizen
endeavong to make honest living The charge against him was
one which white citizen who had called collect bill from
Pulen lost his life a result Of disagreement
ne exact facts the unknown and probably never
will be given to the public Suffice say that Joe Puen who
was dead shot, both with gun and revolver killed nine
white men, who seeking kill him and wounded nine Others
hnaly yielding up his life slight compensation for the
havoc he had wrought days battle Two more white men
are expected to die result of his deadly aim
All OF this most unfortunate. but it shows that the better
class of white people right in their attitude towards the col
ored people, for the worm will Pucn held off the posse
organized capture him for than hours machine
gun secured effort capture this lone Negro Ordinary
discretion would have saved and this useless sacrifice Of
human life.
STILL it evident that his enemies respect him IN
DEATH He sold his life dearly possible and then died with
his boots These exhibitions Of brute violence will not benefit
the white folks the colored 1t time to have an Age
Reason Black of the Pun type should be encouraged
and not exterminaed He farmer He was not
aWless character bootlegger
He has paid the price of his vor bravery and he has gone
the way of all the EARTH
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
dates for baptism.

udCSS IOr DdpLlSm.
The pastor OF the white church with
his congregation was with us cath
night, the organist of that church.
took delight in playing the songs.
The National Baptist Convention OF
which DR.. Skipwith Is a member
needs not have any fear of browning
him with whatever bonors they may
have, as he can wear them with digni-
ty. Our brother has been making a
specially of this, work for twenty-three
years. over the length and breadth Of
THIS country and abroad. Some of rs
who have been attending the National
Baptist Convention have been looking
upon him as a mere singer, because for
years he had been very prominent In
leading the spirituals, etc.; but he is
botn a preacher and singer and a real
God-sent evangelist. AS an ordained
minister, he is very trustworthy, bis
pastor DR.. w. F. Graham of Philadel-
pnia in speaking Of him says, II can
trust him any where, because he can
oeliver the goods to any body'e congre
CATION" The longer DR.. Skipwftr
stays on the field. and In the evangelis
TIC work, the more valuable he will he
TO the race and denomination. He is
fully qualified and well experienced
The Revs. w. J.. Branom. Wright AMI
congregation worshipped with us each
night. DR.. Skipwith left for Denver
and Pueblo colo.
A STEWART.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
F0URLYNCHERs KILLED
NINE WOUNDED IN
MISSISSIPPI
Negro Fugitive Fights Posse Until
Twenty Bullets Pierce Body.


Drew. MISS, Dee. 15.-(By Associat-
er Press. This little village, in the
swamps of the Mississippi delta.
awoke from it's slumbers today and
counted its dead-the human toll. ex
acted yesterday in the spectacular gun
battle between Joe Pullen. Negro ten
ant farmer and posse of several hun
dred men.
Four men, including the Negro, lost
their lives in the battle which ragged
until l o'clock this morning when Pull.
len riddled with bullets was captured
and brought here Nine others were
wounded. three of them perhaps fatal
y. ys4
The dead:
Joe Puiien, 40, Negro tenant farmer.
w. 7. Sanders, As his employer. r. l..
MethvfH 55 posseman. e. o. Hess, 81
posseman.
All OF the wounded men were mem
bers OF the posse. which battled with
the Negro for more than seven hours !.
The more seriously wounded are:
j. l. (Bud) Doggett, prominent lum
herman and sportsman. Clarksdale,
Miss: A. L. Manning and Kenneth
biackwood both farmers.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
TRIED TO COLLECT DEBT.

The trouble started shortly after
noon yesterday when Sanders, on
whose place Pullen lived, went to the
latter's home to collect a debt. An ar.
gument ensued and the Negro shot
Sanders through the heart, killing him
instantly. 'St2
After shooting his employer, Pulleo
Ian into his cabin. armed himself
with a shotgun and fled into the
swamp.
A small posse was quickly formed
and a systematic search for the Neg; o
was begun. Pullen was sighted several
times during the afternoon, but eacl,
time he proved the better marksmau,
One by one he dropped his pursuer
from ambush. BY THE time he ba0
reached the drainage ditch, the Ne
eros deadly aim with shotgun and mis-
tol had brought down eleven member,
OF the posse. which by this time hal
been increased to several hundred
men. His twelfth victim was BUD
Doggett, who WIS shot while assistins
sherih Cartiege In placing the ma
chine gun.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
THAT GREAT RELIGIOUS sCHIsM.


The Episcopal Church is now the
storm centre" of the conflict between
Modernists and FGndamentalists. They
are divided over the Virgin Birth of
Christ and the physical arising "
Jesus Christ from the dead. The Mod
ernists do not believe that any sucn
miracles took place, believing that the
language is used in the Holy Bible IN
figuratiye sense. This has been
brought about by the sway of fashion
able chhrchs and the loss of due humil-
ity so often discussed in the Bible.
1t is strange that the Roman Catn-
Ollie Church is the only great religious
organization unaffected by this schism.
1t seems to mo that the Modernists
should proceed 10 organize a Church
Ut their own and not attempt to de-
stroy the faith Of the Fathers. Grant
ing that they are right in their conclu-
slons. it seems that the Christ-iiks
way to proceed would be to organize a
Modern Protestant Episcopal Church.
where the loudest advocates of this
doctrine could, be bishops and across
the chasm of their former beliefs could
fraternize with those fundamentaliets
whom they have left on the other side.
They should agree to disagree and
part in peace.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
WHITE AND BLACK DIE
TOGETHER.

The strong friendship existing be
tween certain white people and certain
colored ones was never better illus
trated than in the case Of A. L. Berch
white proprietor of hotel at MARROW,
oklahoma and Robert Journegan, col
ored porter at the same establishment
The latter knew how to obey the or
ders Of his white employer and when
he told him to do thing he did II
even though his life was at stake. Be,
tbe story Is interesting. Here is what
the report says:
MARROW, Okla, Dec 1S.-Search for
Marvin Kincannon. 20, son of a we'll.
Fnown family here, and party of
Young men who are alleged to have
left the city last night in a motor car,
was started today by Stephens County
authorities as an aftermath of the kill
Ting last night of A. L. Berch, 38. pro-
prfetor OF hotel and the, fatal wound
ing OF Robert Journegan, Negro porter
Paul Sullivan county attorney de.
clared that Kincannon was wanted fol,
questioning in connection with the
shooting which occurred when party
OF about fifteen men went 20 Berch 8
motel, threatening to lynch the porter
whose presence in NARROW defied a
rule of years standing which forbids
negroes to tarry in -own after sun.
down. 80,
Berch and the Negro came into the
lobby and WERE met by volley OF
ahots. Berch fell dead with a bullet in
mis- heart and the Negro dropped un.
conscious. He died today.
Mrs. Berch. who witnessed the
shooting, declared she could idenIify
some members Of the mob. all of whom,
were unmasked.
investigation today revealed that a
mob OF smaller proportions attempted
to drive Journegan from the city last
Friday night but was vanquished by
the Negroes razor.
The mob told the colofadi porter Il
leave the town and his white friend
and employer told him to remain. Hs
obeyed orders and his own life hal
paid the forfeit. The story of the prev
ious visit. when the eolored man:
razor played prominent part in the
proceedings tells most interestins
story. Both mer regarded these mel
as towards and they had a contemp
Tor their proves. They had accuratr
ly summed up their characteristics
but had overlooked the fact that COW
ards skulk around and kill without al
lowing their victims chance for theit
lives.
1t Is evident that there will be som,
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
FAIL TO RETURN SOUTH WHOLE.
SALE; CANCEL TRAIN.
tPreston News service)

Chicago, ILL.,, Dec. 20.-Reports &;
intimidation of 800 Negro families
claimed to be prepared to retu. r.
south on special Illinois Central
rain proved to be flivver. 1t is said
that when train-time arrived only Il
very small number Of Negroes appear
ed at the station to return south.
d. Rumors Of threats of violence said
TO have been made by whites agains 81
the Negroes were widely circulated a
few days ago. It is thought that repre-.
sentatiyes Of Southern Cotton Grow.
ers' associations had started these
rumors in an effort to get THE Negroes
to return south. In fact a group of M
groes are said to have threatened the
southerner with violence il he did not
desist stirring up discomfort among
Negroes in the community. He was
told that his wild reports about 500
Negro families going back south with
him on the special train was all b0sh
According to officials of the Illinois
Central railroad only thirty colorsd
families returned south. Reports wer>
circulated that northern whites were
going among the Negroes telling them
that as soon as they got on the tram
the doors OF the coaches would be lo,R
ed and not opened until the train reach
It's destination and also that there wa:
a guard In each coach armed with =
gun and black snake whip.
1t seemed that the. southern end the
northern whites made a strong play
on the ignorance and fears Of many o.
the Negroes. One young Negro said
them folks are simply going dowr
South for the winter, they'll be bach
next Spring. That's a great stunt. al
ing like rich folks-living where 1t !,
summer all the time"
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
EXPECT TWO TO DIE.

Doggett was shot in the region OF
the heart but physicians said, he had
chance to recover. Manning anu
Blackwood, both were shot in the ia re
and neck. Neither Is expected to live
through the day.
Pullen was captured at O'Clock
this morning when four members Of
the posse braved the Negroes fire and
stormed the drainage ditch in which
he had been entrenched for serval
hours.
Headed by Sheriff Newt Cartlege OF
Clarksdale the party set up a machine
gun which had been brought from
Clarksdale and opened fire On the Ne
sros stronghold. Fighting desperately
TO the end, Puilen returned the fire
with pistols and shotgun until he fell
with twenty bullets in his body. He
was D1o ought here where his body Law
In the main, street until he died at 3
O'Clock.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22

interesting developments in connection
with these murders. Coming as the
crime does upon the heels Of Governor
j.. G. Walton's exposures of lawless-
ness in Oklahoma, chapter in crime
may again be written, which will ap.
pail the world.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22

CUlored folks cultivate a friendly
relationship with those of your white
neighbours who will permit such 70
lationship. In this "waste-howling
wilderness" Of race prejudice these
days we need all the friendly white
aid we can get. God is on our side Du.
to get some of these white folks too
will materially aid the movement Let
as pray and work and work and pray.
first one and then the other and some
tines with both together.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
FOUR MEN INJURED In AUTO
COLLISION.
preston News seryicel

Norfolk Va. Dec. 20.-Junius Jack
son. Samuel Todd. James Todd arc
Mack Hubbs. were 'niured last Thur.
dav when two automobiles IN witch
thew were riding crashed together o.
South H'' on the Groct prideo -oef
Both machines were badly damage1
and Jackson sustained a broker hin.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
GREAT EVANGELIST IN UTAH
Salt Lake City-Cafvary Baptist
CHURCH. Rev. J. ID. wi1son. Minister.

The great International preacher,
noted evangelist. and one of the best
Hngers of our race Rev. w. II. Skip
WIN. ID. d., came to our city from Ne
'ada and California and spent one
week. During which time fifteen OF
our most promising young men an1
women accepted Christ as their person
al Saviour anC at once became candi-
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
WILLOWS TONIC TABLETS.

Anyone who does not try Wileox's
Tonic Tablets for rheumatism or
neuritis ID neglecttng IA means of
recovery, They cured me and others
OF my acquaintance H. THOMAS.
Rochester, N. Y. $50 a Box. oB
Tablets. by mail, 8. II. Wilcox, Box
112, Ithaca, N. Y.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22

Trying to live upright Is as difficult
Eat times with some Of these people rs
ii is to walk on the hands with the
ioet upward. Still, it can be accomplish
ed by ones own efforts supplemented
by Gods help.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22

Some men love women,-until they
marry them and some women love
men-antil they marry them. Both
see each other in their true coIors ana
they are grievously disappointed ana
apply to the divorce courts for relief.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22

A lawyer, who succeeds in getting
nivorce easily fer others will find
that he is having the time Of his life
in securing the same consideration
for himself.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22

Have the Planet sent to your al.
dr"fs for one yea. The cost Is only 80
70 per year. 1t will aid a journal tina,
has served you for nearly half a ce i.
fury.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22
Deception practiced too often be
ZONES a seeming natural attribute.

Dishonest people as q rule expect
and believe every one else to be dis
honest.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1923-12-22

You can get fine groceries from
MI. Edward Stewart. See his adj
.vertisemeu<.