davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-05-16
Vets and Drys Renew Fight When
New York Acts.

= Despite the fact that the fate of
the New York, state repeal of its
liquor enforcement law rests in the
hands of Gov. "Al'' Smith, who
can either sign or veto the bill which
passed the. legislature in its closing
hours. editors generally have as
sumed 1t is to become law. They dis
cuss it frankly from the wet and dry
viewpoint. and partisanship for the
most part tempers the argument
The indianapolis News sees "a dis
solved partnership" so far as the
national and state governments are
concerned. and Officially, Of course,
be shown that the people will sustain
the legislature in its action. Neutral
ity in New Fork on this subject is
from now on impossible" In part
explaining it has held the state en-
forcement act should have been
amended to eliminate oppressive fea-
lures. but suggesting lit was one
thing for the state legislature to
iiSersliains n = modheasion a E,nuss of ooae the
less defensibls.' thing to deny the
federal government state co-opera
tion in the work OF enforcement. For
that reason we would like to see Gov.
Smith veto this bill" There is
Star Telegram sees it. that the
net effect might we'll be the crea-
tion of condition of practical
warfare between the people of New
That a national fight over the ques-
tion is impending there can be little
doubt. Far from getting prohibition
out of our politics by adopting the
eighteenth amendment. it would seem
that we have just begun to- make it
a national issue" -, - =, = =
So far as the legal phase of the
case is concerned. the state 10 well
within its rights" the Roanoke World
News points out, and 1T believes the
ton OF all Of the voters to the advan-
tages, Of prohibition. The revolt In
New York" will increase rather than
diminish. the Chicago Tribune Is CON-
WINGED, because the original and
national police law upon the states.
II prohibition Is justifiable the con-
sciences and good judgment OF the
states could have been relied upon
to adopt it In good time There was
81 national. authority" But. because
the New York legislature ratified the
amendment, the Pittsburgh Sun holds
at is dissraceful that it should
show hostility to a policy for which
New York was as much responsible
as any other state-",
Dealing with the purely political
aspect, the Newark News. agreeing 1t
will "hearten those most viruiently
opposed to volsteadism," points out
"to assume that 1t will be q power
ful influence toward committing the
democratic party nationally against
prohibition is not to take account Of
.the = Yeelings. Of the: Indispensable
solid south, dry long before the
eighteenth amendment, and by its
own volition." It is possible, how
.Sver,,sM tbs opiHioh OF tho Pitt1hnrsh
rfHs1 that- legislatures ere repeat.
Evening star., 1923-05-16
Germany May Appeal.

Indications appear in dispatches
from Berlin that Germany's response
to the various notes Of the powers will
take the form of an appeal for an in
ternational economic commission to
determine her obligations in that di.
rection- This course has been hereto.
fore suggested. 1t was, indeed. pro-
posed by the United States as a salts
factory method of determining what
Germany could pay. France and Eng
land, however. decline to put the mat
ter in the hands Of commission com.
posed of others than their own ma
tionals, and the United States, having
no direct interest in the matter. of
course, dropped the question. But it is
known that this is the procedure re.
garded by this government as best cal.
culated to elicit a workable basis of
settlement.
Germany is, Of course, playing for
time and for international sympathy.
But it does not follow that time will
work to her advantage or that sym.
pathy, if she can win it, will affect the
policies of the interested governments.
In the deadlock in the Ruhr the
French have decidedly the better Of
the situation, however costly it may
be to them. They have possession Of
one Of the richest areas in industrial
Germany. They have practically a
grip upon the pocket nerve" They
are. it is true, by maintaining this
grip. lessening Germany's ability to
pay. The situation is in a manner
psychological rather than economic
Move by move the French are increas-
ing their hold. For example. French
troops have, as a direct result Of Ber.
Inns unacceptable reparations pro-
posals of May 2. now formally reject
ed by all four powers, seized what Is
described as the backbone Of the great
German dye industry in the Rhine
valley. This seizure is based upon a
paragraph in the treaty Of Versailles.
In January Berlin notified the allies
that it was suspending all reparation
deliveries to France and Belgium be-
CduSe ol the ftuHT seizure. 1nlS IN
cluded the non-delivery of dyestuffs as
we'll as coke, coal. wood and other
commodities. Seizure of the dye works
is undertaken in accordance.
This latest move is a definite indica.
ton that the French and Belgians are
not remitting in their policy Of direct
action" An appeal by Germany for
an economic International commission
Is Tess likely to be acceptable to those
powers as time passes and as the area
of seizure enlarges. For in the degree
that the German industries are taken
over as security for the reparations,
so to speak, the more improbable an
agreement by the parties in possession
to refer the verdict to an interna.
tfonaI body.
An appeal such as that indicated in
the Berlin dispatches. therefore, would
be little more than a gesture. =
Evening star., 1923-05-16

national associations to consider what
might be done to protect women
against wage cuts and to secure for
them those rights which it was be.
lieved they had under the wage law.
Such q meeting is now in progress.
The decision Of the Supreme Court
applied directly only to the minimum
wage law Of the District of Columbia,
but women's wage laws Of numerous
states cannot be valid IL that Of the
District Is unconstitutional, and the
result is that the question has become
q natiopet one among wage-earning
women. Women will not be content to
accept conditions which prevailed be.
fore the enactment Of the wage laws.
The Star said at the time of the Su.
preme Court decision that If wage
law Of similar terms to that declared
could not be written
within the Constitution the situation
would give a fillip to trade unionism
women. and that there would
be wide discussion Of amending the
The questions being dis.
cussed at the Washington meeting
give a fair idea of the way wage
thoughts are running. Three
of these questions are: "Shall the
Power of the Supreme Court he Re.
Shall the Federal Consti.
tuition be Amended to Insure the Pro.
lection of Social Legislation and the
Rights of Labor" and "Shall We At
tempt to Secure Modified Minimum
Wage Laws?"
There have been announcements Of
reduction in women's wages since the
decision of the Supreme Court, but
there seems to have been no general
reduction in the pay Of women. Wages
for men and women are high in this
booming time, and there seem to be
more positions" than applicants for
positions. At some time the tide will
turn and wages will fall. and then, If
not before, women's minimum wage
laws will take a big place in public
discussion and in politics.
Evening star., 1923-05-16

from the screen. He then revised the
Aim to make clearer those parts that
the children did not understand, and
reached q point OF clearness Of pres
entation at which he finally got as
high as from 80 to 95 Per cent Of un.
derstanding by the students.
Another experiment, however, dis.
couraged the inventor. He developed
a number Of films Of an educational
character and showed them to the
members Of the New York board Of
education, who. he says, "went back
and did nothing" Then, Mr.. Edison
testified, he saw ne had bitter opposi.
tion from book publishers, and he
knew defeat Of his plan was certain,
SO he gave it up.
However clear and effective the mo-
tion picture may be as an educational
factor. it will probably never displace
the text book. 1t may be true, as Mr..
Edison says, that children "hate school
books" but text will still remain nec-
essary for certain studies and pur.
picture and the text is likely to be the
ideal method Of imparting knowledge.
Instruction is largely a matter OF
memory, and the memory of what the
eye has seen is apt to be less per.
manent than the memory Of what the
mind has absorbed through what the
mind has known as study. For some
purposes a pictorial presentation is
more effective than the printed word.
But for detail. for formulas, for the
linking together Of facts and princi-
pies, the text is essential.
1t is undeniably true that the best
schooling" is effected when the child
does not realize he is learning, when
his interest is aroused and he absorbs
his knowledge or information in the
guise of entertainment. Wise text book
writer's. realizing this fact. seek to
present their themes in an interesting
manner, with q semblance of nara.
tive. In the old days the primer" was
illustrated for this very purpose. The
little mind was guided by the pictures.
They were queer, crude wood cuts, but
they burned themselves in the memory
Of the children, and today there are
many who viyidly recall those odd
drawings of their readers and
'spellers.''
Probably the most effective combina-
tion for educational purposes will be
motion picture that illustrates the text
OF the books the children use, and
books in turn illustrated by scenes
from the films.
Evening star., 1923-05-16
Teaching by Notion Pictures.

Thomas A. Edison, as a witness at
Federal Trade Commission inquiry.
has expressed the opinion that in
twenty years children will be taught
through pictures and not through
books. AS a pioneer in the motion pic.
ture development Mr.. Edison has a
right to express such an opinion. He
is a firm believer in the educational
value of the movie" and, It now ap-
pears, has made certain interesting ex-
periments in education by photosra.
ply that prove. at least to his salts
faction. that the screen is a better me.
dunn of instruction than the printed
page. Some years ago, for example,
he made some pictures dealing with
the subject Of chemistry. and showed
them to twelve children, who later
wrote down what they had learned
Evening star., 1923-05-16

Wight. and later was personally dec
orGted for valor by. King Edward.
Burnham calls himself cowboy. scout.
guide. miner and deputy sheriff. He
2 man OF forty. has a profile, not un.
like Cen: Pershing and has remained
a real American. -,
America is in grave danger of be-
ing overorsaniked for political and
spiritual uplift. The latest candidate
for honors in the realm of public
good 10 the National Federation of
Uncle Sans Voters" One learns from
its prospectus that Ira Nelson Nor
ris Of Chicago. resigned from the dip
lomatic service. Naftep ten years as
minister to Swaden. to become presi-
dent OF the federation. Samuel Adams.
late president OF the American Agri-
cultural Editors Association, avows
he relinqufshed that post to become
director-general of the federation: Its
purpose Is to goad and cajoie citi-
Gems into a more intensive interest in
national welfare. Offices are in Wash
ington and an .ofiicial organ is called
Public Affairs"
Prohibition Commissioner Roy Asa
Haynes. as IL his troubles were not
already sufficient, is now accused by
his foes of growing a physiognomy
reminiscent OF John Bull. 1t is crop
of becoming sideburns. which adorn
q well rounded countenance, that
seem to give point to the indictment
The resemblance to Britain's allegor
cal national hero Is heightened by
Commissioner Haynes somewhat
Falstaffian dimensions. He is young
err than most people think. being still
on the sunny side of forty-two.
-. X 4 X y :.,
II there's anybody charged. with
the duty OF broadcasting the ways OF
Washington to the universe, it's a
timely hour to proclaim that the
capital lives on eastern standard
time. During this vast month of con-
ventions and next months Shrine in
vasion, clock and watch confusion
will be inevitable unless the nation
knows that Washington shuns day
light saving. The Union station al
ready Is the scene of much wailing
and gnashing of teeth over miss
ed engagements between arriving
strangers and would be welcoming
residents because of the choronoiogi-
cal chaos.
Docket, the lawyers trade organ
Gays Washington. D. c., has in pro-
portion to it's population more at
torneys than any state in the Union
There is one to every ISL inhabitants.
The Pacific coast is the barristers'
happiest hunting ground. Nevada
land OF knot-loosening. has a lawyer
for every 337 people; California, for
every 507; Oregon, for every $50. and
Washington state. for every Coo.
Copyright. 1921
Evening star., 1923-05-16
EDITORIAL DIGEST

ing state dry laws not only to put a
stop to divided responsibility. but
also because they fear the present
situation is making US a nation of
official sincerity and reduce the
chances of police corruption" says
the New York Tribune. and lit is a
matter for New York voters to say
and use their state instrumentalities
to carry out the Nolstead law" 1t is
the view of the Albany Knickerbocker
Press that the governor should veto
the bill because responsible citizens.
even many so-called vets, do not
position of notification in regard to
a federal enactment" The double
teopardizaton feature" was com
pelling in this case, the Hartford
courant thinks. in view Of the sn
that punishment for the violation OF
state prohibition law did not pre-
vent the trial Of a violator in the
federal court, and the idea that q
person may be placed twice in
solutely contrary to our idea of
justice" 60,
1T must be remembered" accord
ing to the Providence, Tribune, that
there are forty eight states and that
New York is only one. The Volstead
IA W. ~ SAIL III IOTCS ana StllI SldnQS
as a law higher. than any state legis:
lation." This likewise is the view
by the Petersburg Prog
ress and Index Appeal which holds
the action lis. s.signifieant only as re-
veaIing the attitude of a majority OF
the. voters Of the state" and it sug-
gests in other states a referendum
would show different result. Should
the COVER nor sign the bill the Rich
mond News-Leader is convinced New
York will revert to the wide open
policy that prevailed prior to the
passage Of the .Mullan-Gage law. The
police, of course. wilt remain sworn to
support the Constitution, of which
the eighteenth amen dnTsnt is a part,
but practically they will leave the
enforcement Of prohibition in the
agents" So far as the New York
Post is concerned it feels the COVER
nor's hearing will demonstrate that
the people oppose repeal and "by thA
time the hearing is over, unless we
are greatly mistaken. the sentiment
rested itself so Enthusiastically that
the Mullan-Gage law will have to be
Ieft on the Statue books" Agreeing
with many Of the criticisms of the
existing: law. the Springfield Union
worse Its repeal seems to leave the
situation In New York far worse
than tt would have been had it not
been enacted. :: 1t is a demonstration
that federal prohibition can not be.
saved by concurrent legislation in
states where there is not sufficient
public sentiment behind it,
The New York World appeals to
the governor to "sisn the repeal be-.
cause the state is under neither
legal nor moral obligatio to en-
force the Volstead law for the United
UANr,r A&.% De-
Sun takes a similar position because
New York hes, given. p welcome lead
to q nation becoming justly irritated,
by the excesses Of a foreign and
domestic policy into which our in-
Evening star., 1923-05-16
Department Housing.

Announcement was made at the
White House yesterday that a definite
program of building by the govern.
ment to house departmental activities
In this and other cities will be pro-
posed to Congress at the next session
OF Congress. 1t was declared that in
October or November the heads of de.
partments will survey their respective
fields, decide upon projects Of most
immediate necessity and recommends
tions will be made for appropriations
to carry them out.
At the cabinet meeting yesterday
this program was the principal topic
Of discussion. 1t. was started by Sec
retary Mellon, who said that one Of
tho government bureaus is now housed
in. a building whose foundations are
faulty. 1t will require s25. 900 to make
them safe, and It would cost nearly
as.much to move to another building.
The government has only $4,000
available, and will have to use strong
arm methods to make the repairs and
rely on Congress to make up the de-
ficiency. Then other members of the
cabinet: came forward with their re.
spectivs tales Of woe about insufficient
housing.
For years The Star has advocated
better and more buildings for the gov.
ernment departments here on grounds
Of economy to the government. II for
no other reason. From time to time
there have been sporadic outbursts in
Congress over the question of the
government having to rent so much
space instead Of putting up its own
buildings. =
1t is to be hoped that the good run.
ming start made by the cabinet yes
to-day in setting out upon a definite
recommendation to Congress will not
b allowed to lag, and that each Of.
ncfAI Will make 1t his business to push
the enterprise to a successful conclu-
Evening star., 1923-05-16
Shrine Week Bootlegging.

The police promise to make things
as difficult as possible for bootleggers
during Shrine week. 1t Is believed that
there Is already a marked increase in
the operation of stills in the country
near Washington and in mixing chem
ical whisky" in the city. Prohibition
officers and police are speeding up &C.
cordingly. Lawless distillers and COM
Founders and the distributors OF the
dangerous stuff look forward to the
coming of a great crowd in Washing.
ton as an opportunity to carry on
their traffic in a larger way than
usual. Professions OF autos will be
passing along all the roads near Wash
ington. and this condition will favor
the operation of rum.runners. There
will be many boats moving on the
Potomac. and probably rum-runners
will be among them.
Crowds and congestion in Washing
ton. it is believed, will help bootleg
gers in distributing their stuff. much
Of which is poisonous. and probably all
Of which is decidedly unwholesome.
Speeding up of efforts by law enforce
ment officers will be necessary. In
this work they will be striving not
only to enforce obedience to law, but
they will be working to protect the
lives and health of the people.
1t is stated in the news columns OF
The Star that there. will be no re-
Taxation of efforts on the part Of the
federal and city authorities to run
down bootIeggers during Shrine week,
local police dry enforcement squad.
will ask for an increase in the number
Of workers should there be any dis.
play of unusual activity on the part OF
bootleggers, and the federal force will
also be increased 1t is said that the
sheriff of Arlington county, Va, has
undertaken to allow no liquor haul
ers to pass through that county on
their way to Washington, and that
the Virginia officers have learned that
big stills are in operation in nearby
counties. Sheriffs and their under
officers in all the counties in the
Washington territory should do the
best they can in hunting out stills
and in intercepting the liquor between
the still and Washington.
The law officers have difficult task
before them, but it is believed that
they will be able to protect the people
of Washington and their guests from
the flood Of dangerous liquor which it
is probably planned to distribute in
the District during Shrine week. Every
man who values his health should re-
fuse to touch the stuff. The District
chemist has had many samples
of local whisky under examination
and has found them all bad, and some
Of them not whisky at all. Many Of
these samples no doubt represented
liquor that was sold at $40 and s12
quart as Legation stuff ''pre-pro
hibition stuff" liquor stolen from a
bonded warehouse and liquor brought
in by smugglers from the Bahamas
and other places. Analysis has shown
that nearly all the stuff was either
fresh from the still and high in fusel
Oil or that it was a mixture of alcohol,
water and coloring and f1avoring mat
ter, ...
Evening star., 1923-05-16
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS:
BY, fREDERIc WILLIAM VILE

Cleveland's. ambition to secure the
republican national convention in
1894 has been wrecked to . considsr-
able extent by. President Harding. In
spirit OF sportmanship. he II op.
posed to holding tho party conclAvs
in his own. state, lest there might
be some justification for the suspicion
that he would like to pack" 1t with
Ohio boosters. It Is within the prov
ince of the national committee to send
the convention wherever 1t pleases but
knowledge OF Mr.. HArding's opposition
to having 1t in his home state will
be all-decisivs. 1t Chicago lives up
to its civic motto ament the conven-
ton and says II will" Fred Upham,
G. o. p. banker. stands ready to
round UP the requisite national COM
mtttee majority OF - and bring the
Dig SHOW once again to the wind.
swept city by thelake.
Hk ~
- Herbert Spencer Hadlsy. one time
Governor Of Missouri. who conferred
with President Harding this week.
now lives in Colorado. Since 1917 he
has been a professor. OF law At the
State University in Boulder. Reasons
Of health impel him to live amid the
Rockies. Hadley. once the darling
of the Roosevelt progressives. Is
heart and soul with the President on
the world court. ut is not only
sound republican party doctrine"
said Hadley to this observer. but 1t
ship in International affairs. Ours
is party government. The republi-
can party has been on record for
world arbitration since time i'm.
memorial. In espousing it now Mr..
is vindicating the basic principle Of
political organization. viz, loyaty to
declared party principle. l am not
frightened by the spectsr Of inter-
necine strife over the world court
Party consistency. especially whore
IT interprets the heart and conscience
Of the country on great moral is
sue. strikes me far. more important"
xA \ y
Mai Frederick r. Burnham, who
was the guest this week Of John
Hays Hammond, is one OF the worlds
big Outdoor men," who has had as
romantic a career as any of Bret
Harte's heroes ever lived. Burnham
was prospecting in the klondike
in 1899. when the British were try
ing to beat the Beers in South AZ
rica. One of Lord Roberts first or
ders was to commander the services
of Burnham as chief scout of the
British army. for he already had
achieved celebrity in Rhodesia in the
Matabele wars. His most famous
exploit was the capture Of the Mata-
belle god" Umlimo, whom ne took
and killed in the gods" own cave.
The British government showered re-
wards upon Burnham after the South
African war. While 1t was still In
progress he was commanded to dine
with Queen Victoria on the Isle of
Evening star., 1923-05-16

Local marathon dancers received
their prize money" in the form of bad
check from the promoters Of the dance
for their protracted stepping. This
will call to mind a good many old
adages and texts. including THE la
borer is worthy Of his hire A few
OF these occurrences will do more to-
ward checking this vicious craze than
any amount Of public opinion.
Evening star., 1923-05-16

The burst of applause when Mr. Bal.
four. at the Washington conference.
announced that the British were will.
ing and ready to give Weihaiwei
back to China is still fresh in the
minds OF those who were present at
that session. Recent news dispatches.
however. some eighteen months there.
after. indicate that, as Abe Potash
would say, ut don't go so quick as all
that"
Evening star., 1923-05-16

The sea is slowly but surely eating
away the coast of Great Britain How
ever, the tight little isle has been
there long time, and should last
good while yet. Also England has
several other fairly roomy places
where her population can go II worst
comes to worst. -.
Evening star., 1923-05-16
The. Minimum Wage Law.

Soon after the Supreme Court Of the
United States rendered. its decision
that the minimum wage law for WON.
en- in the District of Columbia was un-
constitutional it was announced that
there would: be- meeting at Wash.
inxtone or: Representatives OF women's
Evening star., 1923-05-16

Twenty-eight large sphinxes are
being prepared for street installation
here during Shrine week. Is there
not some way these could be retained
after the celebration and placed as
gentls reminders in the House and
Senate chambers up on the Hill?