davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
BRITAIN ACTS AGAINST NEW RHINE STATE.
Takes Firm Steps To Curb Belgian Support Of The Newly Proclaimed RhineIand Republic
HELD AS PLAN TO BRING BREAK UP OF GERMANY
English Officials See Motive Back Of Open Fostering Of Separatist Movement-May Widen Present Breach

LONDON. Oct. 27.-While the world waited tonight for a definite situa- ton to crystalline out of the new effort of Great Britain and the United States to settle the repara- tions problem. admittedly the acute phase of Europe's illness. Great Britain took firm steps to curb Franco Belgian support of the newly proclaimed Rhineland republic.
 The foreign office let it be known Saturday that Downing street will not recognize the provisional Rhine land government established in Cob lenz with Herr Josef Matthes as pre- mier, and further indicated that Great Britain will oppose with her armed forces any effort to extend the Rhineland movement into the British occupation zone centering Tn Cologne.
 British officials firmly believed that the separatist movement was openly fostered by the Franco-Bel- = gians as part of deliberate plan to bring about the break-up of Ger many.
 Fear Widening Of Breach
 Just what effect this situation will have on the move in London and Washington to settle the reparations problem through examination by an impartial commission of experts of Germany's capacity to pay was not apparent.
 It was feared, however, that the Rhenish situation was such that the already wide breach separating the Anglo-F French hviewpoints toward Ger many might be widaned .siss
 It was 1earnedsat the foreign office that replies of France. Belgium and Italy to the suggestion for the con ference of experts were received Sat urday and are being studied by Brit is hofficials.
 Text of the documents was not made public, but it was understood the French communication followed the lines forecast by the United Press, namely:
 That the experts commission must be merely an advisory body to make recommendations to the reparatfons commission, which France controls. The separations shall retain full power to make final decisions. in cluding the amount of money Ger
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The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28

HRTEEN DIE M CLASH OF RIOTERS AND REICHSWEHR TROOPS
NAPOLEON WAS A GERMAN CLAIM OF TEUTON SCHOLARS

was greeted by ironic exclamations such as:
 Ma, Pohlchen. vie gents?" As much as to say, "Eh, kid Paul,
 Sung by the repetition of what he deemed an offensive manner of ad- dress, Herr Pohl was heard one day to cry:
 We'll see about that. One of these days you'll pay dearly for your Ma. Pohlchen.'"
 He shook the dust of Prussia off his little feet and betook himself to the island of Corsica, where he said his name was "Napohlchen. The Corsicans thought he was a foreigner trying to say Napoleon. So he got that name.
 His eldest born was brought up to hate the Prussians. He went to school in military academy in tranee and soon afterWard wrote hts name on the pages of history m- spired, so the herr professor of the University of Gratz contends. by ms fathers teachings of hatred for Prussia.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
COOk REPAYs SD ID AGED WOMAN
Civil War Veterans Widow Says She Sold Rugs To
 Buy Oil Stock

FORT WORTH. Texas. Oct. 27.- (By Associated Press. )-"I've lived in poverty; I took the rugs off the floor of my home to buy oil stock from Dr. Cook" Mrs. Mary A. Phil lips of Coshocton, widow of federal Civil war veteran, testified here to- day at the trial of pr. Frederick A. Cook and 13 others charged with using the mails to defraud
 When Mrs. Phillips was called she entered the court room dressed in 8 quaint fashioned blue coat and a black checkered waist. While on the stand she said she was unable to make the trip here alone, and was accompanied from her home by pos tai inspector.
 Mrs. Phillips testified she paid the Petroleum Producers association S70 for stock which she held and only re- ceived Q 60-cent dividend. She stated stated that she wrote Dr. Cook re- garding her circumstances and that he wrote back telling her every cloud had a silver lining" and ap- pealed tc her to make further in Vestments. She said she told him she had to take the rugs off the floor of her home to pay for the stock she had already purchased and that she could not send more money. She broke into tears as she testified about her poverty and Judge Killits ordered brief recess.
 Upon composing herself she re- sumed the stand and testified the Petroleum Producers association drew two drafts on her and that she paid them She identified files of letters and circulars winch she said she received through the mails from Dr. Cooks association.
 Dr. Cooks attorneys left the room following Mrs. Phillips, who paused before pr. Cook and spoke a few words in an undertone. The attor- neys at Dr. Cooks order drew a check for the return of Mrs. Phillips 70, which was given to her shortly after she left the room
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
MAGIC CITY GAINS IN POSTAL RECEIPTS
Increase Of 16.05 Shown In Septem- Der Over Same Month Of 1922
 WASHINGTON BUREAU
 THE AGE HERALD
 Washington ID. C.. Oct 21

Postal receipts in 50 selected in- drstrial cities gained at a percent age rate of S.05 in September over September, 1922, the post office de- partment announced today.
 Shreveport, La, was first with a percentage gain of 46.35; Savannah, Ga.. second. with percentage gain of 3S.10.
 Birminghsms receipts were sss.- 523.17. as against $76,2S2.S3 a year ago. It's percentage gain was 1905. It's gain in September, 1922, over September, 1921. was only 4.S5.
 Savannah's receipts were s50.ssO05, as against $36,722.33 in 1922. It's per- centage of gain was SS.10. In Sep tember, 1922, Savannah receipts de- creased .0S2 per cent from the re- ceipts of September, 1921. Its come back Is regarded as remarkable.
 Columbia's receipts'we $29,051.24. as against 25,535.42 a year ago. It's percentage of gain was 1877. It's percentage of gain in September. 1922, over September, 1921. was only 4.62.
 Postal receipts are regarded in Washington as an index into the business condition of the several states.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
MINE EVORKERS GIVEN DAMAGE SUIT VERDICT
 Coronado Coal Company
 Loses In RetriaI Of Action
 For S2,222,00O Damages Against Union Organization COURT ORDERS JURY TO FIND FOR DEFENDANTS Judge Holds That Plaintiff Failed To Establish Jurisdic-
 ton In Federal Court Under
 Terms Of Sherman Act

FIT. SMITH. Ark. Oct 27.-Judge John c. Pollock, In federal district court here late today, directed the return of verdict for the defense in the re-trial of the suit of the Coronado Coal company and other coal producing companies in the Hartford valley fields against the United Mine Workers of America for damages aggregating $2,222,000 on the ground that the coal com panles had failed to prove their con tention that the national organiza- tion of the mine workers had en- tered into a conspiracy to interfere with the interstate movement of non union mined coal.
 Judge Pollock held that the plain tiff companies had failed to estab- fish Jurisdiction in the federal court under the terms of the Sherman antitrust low on which the suit was based. Today's action, termi- mating a hearing which had been In progress for two weeks, was the second victory for the mine workers on the same ground. the supreme court last year ruling that in the first trial, which resulted in a yer dict of approximately S700, 900 for the plaintiff the coal companies had failed to establish basis for the suit under the sherman law and ordered new trial.
 Charge Traffic Interference.
 The suit was brought on the con- tention that destruction of property during labor disturbances, incident tda .he stI i've of miners in 1914, re- .saise@ In the hampering of mining operations in the properties of the coal companies to such an extent as to interfere with interstate traffic in union mined coal.
 Judge Pollock held that the evil dence had failed to establish a direct purpose to interfere with interstate commerce but, rather a conspiracy to prevent the operation of the mines as non-union workings. The ruling also pointed out that under the constitution of the United Mine Workers, no individual can bind the entire organization. that until the executive board acts, no one is bound except individuals, who may be in- volved in any activity, and upon that ground he held that the interna- tional union was not shown to be bound by the acts of those re- sponsible for property damage dur ing the strike.
 Before the plaintiffs can ask for verdict against the defendants or any of them" Judge Pollock said, in directing the verdict, they must es- tablish a conspiracy to do what was done there; they must establish that every one against whom they ask judgment and verdict knowingly participated in what occurred; they must establish not only that prop erty was lost through the conspiracy, but that the conspiracy was formed for the direct purpose of restraining or monopolizing interstate commerce.
 Almost every act affects inter- state commerce. It was never the in- tention of Congress that anything
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The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
KHAN ASsA|LED BY ID ]. X. PLAN F09 ALABAMA SENATOR s -FOOT CHANEL
Declares No Class Or Order Can Assume Control Over
 A Democracy

HOUSTON. Texas. Oct 27-'when any group of men unites in a secret order to run the laws and the gov ernment, their action strikes at the very heart of the government" Sem ator oscar W. Underwood. candidate for the democratic nomination for the presidency, told a large gather ing of civic clubs here this afternoon.
 No class or clan can assume con- trol over democracy" the Alabama senator added.
 Only a few hours before the lunch con Senator Underwood had declined to express himself on the Ku Klux Klan but reporters were informed by his associates that he would make a pronouneement on the subject within a few days at the outside. "Government must be free and in the open and not behind closed doors," Senator Underwood said.
 Tt is all right to have organiza- tions for purposes of amusement; it is all right to have fraternal organi- zAtions and civic clubs, but when men have secret organization for the purpose of governing, then they are striking at the very principles ot government.
 We citizens must grant to every man HIS lnu1NIuudt T1SntS ana tlDeF- ties so long as he stays within the law, but the law must not be run by class or clan"
 O O O
 Receives Liberal Applause.
 The senator received liberal ap- plause when he declared that the government which governs least governs best"
 Radical clements, trying to tear Il al of class, have been most insistent in creating other special privileges" he asserted.
 Senator Underwood defended the doctrine of states rights with refer ence to taxation. declaring that citi- zens of the states have been com pelled to support by their money many national activities which prop
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The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
BOILER EXPLOSION KILLS 5; HURTS 15
Blast In Heart Of City Dam age Is Heavy-SteeI Falls
 Through Hotel Building

GREENYILAE, Ala. Oct. 27.- Special. )-The lives of three men were snapped out suddenly and 15 more or less seriously injured here today, when the high powered steam boiler at the Hartley Gin company exploded. The cause was attributed to the fireman, pumping water into it after it had become too low. The injured are Robert E. Jones, man ager; John Dees, superintendent; Walker Reynolds, ginner; Cecil Dees, helper. all white, and Sam McMullan, negro helper.
 The dead are: John Snow, fireman Oscar Zeigler, helper, and Cerrus Zeigler, negro bystander, all of whom are negroes.
 The most seriously injured are Walker Reynolds who is not expected to live, his head being badly crushed; and Cecil Leeds, whose face and one eye are badly injured.
 Others not employees of the gin, who were injured are: Ben Mabson, IT., slight scalp wound; Fonville Hiraon. bruised body; Clyde Mo Lendon lumberma.a. hrnlsed hsc& Lamar A.. Farmer, face badly crushed and cut all white. There were sey- eral other, injured people, but their names could not be learned.
 The explosion was heard over twelve miles from Greenville and steel, brick, timber and other debris was hurled high into the air with great force and fell over a radius Of five Or six blocks. Plate glass win dows and window panes were shat tered over five blocks away.
 The Grenada hotel, the new Louis yilIe and Nashville passenger sta tion. the Johnson garage, residence of w. T. Ray, Botwells stables, were damaged, A piece of heavy steel fell upon the roof of the Grenada hotel and crushed through the roof ceiling and bedded itself in the floor of the second story of the hotei. Windows were smashed all over the south and west side of the building. Work cars along a side track in the railroad yard were so badly injured that they appeared to have been in train wreck.
 boiler tube fell through the roof of the residence of Mrs w. T. Ray.
 One of the freaks of the accident was the escape of Sam McMullan and A mule he was driving, which were standing directly in front or the boiler room when the explosion came The mule pulled himself out from under a pile of twisted pieces of steel. brick and timber, and trotted off unhurt The driver was only slightly injured. The Louisville and Nashville train No. 2S had pulled out from the station, which is in front of the gin just one minute prior to the crash. which fact, no. doubt, saved the lives of a number of passengers.
 The property damage is very heavy and it will require several days to clear up the debris. The proprietors of the gin did everything possible toward the alleviation Of the suffering of the wounded. Every possible assistance and every avail able surgeon rushed to the scene and administered first aid, and the more seriously injured were rushed to the Speir and Stabler hospitals in this city. The proprietors of the plant were highly commended for their untiring efforts in giving aid to the wounded
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
WALTON TO START DAILY NEWSPAPER
Publication To Fight Kan And Give His Side Of Trial
 Appears Oct. 30

OKLAHOMA CITY, Okla, Oct. 27.- A morning daily newspaper has been established here by Gov. J. c. Walton and its first issue, to be edited by the executive, will appear on Octo- Der 30, according to an announcement tonight by local publishing plant which says 1t has the contract to print the paper.
 The newspaper, the announcement said, will oppose the Ku Klux Klan and will present the governors sid e Of the impeachment proceedings against him which has been sup pressed by other publications here.
 Governor Walton began printing a newspaper at the height of his spectacular military operation to curb mob violance which he att tributed to the K. K. K. It was issued from time to time to give people of ing his fight against the secret or ganization. The governor charged the press of the state with misrepresent- ing .him and published evidence ad duced by military courts of inquiry to circulate the truth about masked depredations in Oklahoma"
 This publication-The Record-has not appeared for some time.
 The governor charged in a state ment today that the house conspired to impeach him, but added:
 "If, by sacrificing myself and dis gracing my family, I can be the means of saving this state from mot rule, operating in the dark, trying their victims by chaining them to trees and administering brutal pun fishment, then I am ready to be sac rificed. I am glad the time is close at hand when the friends of orderly government in the senate will have an opportunity that, so far as Okla homa is concerned, the constitutional guarantees of personal and religious liberty must be preserved and that fanatics shall not be permitted to fan the fires of racial and religious ha- .tred to the destruction of tha fair name of our state. It is up to the people of Oklahoma to take a stand either for or against constitutional government
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
Communists
 Held Behind
 Police Lines

PARIS, Oct. 2T.-The widely advertised communist demon- stration in protest against the sentences of death pronounced by the Spanish court martial in the cases of Nicolau and Mateo. the convicted assassins of Pre- mier Kato, brought out for midable barrage of the Paris police today, blocking all the avenues and streets leading to the Spanish embassy on the Ave nue Kleber.
 Not a single communist suc- ceeded in getting through the police lines. Newspapermen bearing special passes reached the embassy building. only to be confronted with a sign reading: Spanish embassy is at No. 13, Avenue George V" It was ex- plained the embassy had been temporarily removed as an extra precaution.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
NEW GREEK REVOLT SAID TO HAVE FAILED
Counter Revolution Brought To End
 With But Little Bloodshed

ATHENS, Oct. 27.-(By Associated Press. )-The counter-revolution in Greece, which began last Monday, has ended, with relatively little blood shed in Macedonia and hardly any in Peloponnesus. Insurgents advanced from Corinth Wednesday evening and crossed the canal at the end of the Gulf of Corinth. They expected re- Inducements from the north and hoped to enter Athens today.
 Obviously they did not believe the reports which had reached them that the movement had failed in Mace donia Their advance guards de- serted when they encountered gov ernment troops, whereupon the lead CTS surrendered internationally.
 In their campaign the insurgents advanced under cover of night and hid in forests in the day time, there fore aerial reconnaissance failed to discover them.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
MORO UPRISING ON BIG SCALE LIKELY
Kin Of Sultan Of Sulu Pre- diets Revolt As Result Of
 FiIipinos' Graft

MANILA, Oct. 27.-(By Associated Press)-O. E. McKehan. wealthy cattle ranchman of Mindanao. and son-fn-law of the Sultan of Sulu, told the Associated Press on his ar rival in Manila today that the spirit of unrest and revolt was widespread throughout Mindanao and that talk of an uprising on larger scale than ever before was general among the Moros.
 Mex chan married Sabang, one of the Sultan's daughters. He has lived among the Moros and fought them for 17 years. He has just received a letter from his wife saying she IS gong to her fathers house because she fears a general Moro uprising in the Lake Lanao region.
 The ranchman said trouble has been brewing for two years because of petty graft among Christian Fill fpino governors and their staffs." He says he was we'll acquainted with Lieut. Magno Vices, who. with his entire constabulary counsel, was killed by Moros, october IA. He said the Mcros hated ther vctms because of ther alleged petty graft.
 Mex chan also said the Moros dis like sending their daughters to Christian schools because their edu- cation menaced the harem system and that there have been number of cases of Christian Filipino teach CTS attacking Moro school girls.
 Notwithstanding that In every instance the teachers have been dis missed, the Moros hate the little red school house." the Sultan's son-in- law declared.
 "The Moros prefer American gov ernors to Filipino governors be- cause they say: The Americans licked us, the Filipinos have never licked us and never can. We used to make the Filipos slaves and would again if the Americans didn't back up the Filipinos against us.'
 MeKehan declared the Moros are seeking every type of gun obtain able and that i. is unsafe for any one to go hunting in Moro land be- cause of the danger of Moros kill ing him to get a gun.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
WILL STORE FAMOUS ELM
Tree Under Which Washington Took
 Command Of Army Falls

CAMBRIDGE. Mass. oct 27.-The famous old Washington elm, which fell while workmen were cutting off dead branches, will be cut up and stored until final decision has been reached regarding its disposal, the board of park commissioners stated today. The latest decision of the commissioners was reached after they viewed the remains of the old landmark as it's long since dead trunk and withered branches lay across the street.
 Workmen were trimming the tree of it's few remaining branches yes teday afternoon, preparatory to cut ting 1t down, when it snapped at the base of the trunk, crashed over the small encircling railing and fell into the street. So many requests for pieces of the tree, under whose spread ing branches Washington took com mand of the continental army, have been made to the park commission CTS that the board decided to wait for a time before making known it's de- cision.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
BARLING BOMBER SETS NEW WEIGHT RECORD
Carries 19 Bombs Weighing 6,692
 Pounds 5000 Feet In Air

DAYTON, O., Oct. 27.-Carrying the greatest load an airplane has ever lifted from the ground, the Barlins bomber. the worlds largest flying machine, established an international weight carrying altitude and endur- ance record at Wilbur Wright field today.
 Nineteen bombs weighing 6,692 pounds were carried in the ships hold as she nosed upward, after a run of only 30 seconds. The giant six motor craft remained in the air one hour, 19 minutes and II seconds during which time an altitude of 5000 feet was reached.
 A radio operator was carried who kept in touch with the field during the flight.
 To make the records authentic and recognizable by the F. A. l., four observers of the society checked the flight. Sealed barographs carried will be sent tt Washington for verifica- tiOn.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
So Were Joan Of Arc, De Vinci And KeIlermann Aver
 Learned Herr Professors

PARIS. Oct. 27.--Joan of Arc was German. they insist across the Rhine; Leonardo Da Vinci was a German: : kellermann, who won the battle of Valmy and saved the first infant French republic. was a German; and now it is Napoleon Bonaparte also a German
 Several of these claims, made by scholarly German historians. have been answered, but that pertaining to Napoleon has just made it's ap- pearance. It is credited to Professor Holl of the University of Gratz.
 According to the herr professor, there was in Prussia long ago very little man named Pohl. He was so small that everybody called him Pohlchen, or little Paul. So, when ever he appeared in the street he
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
TO ESTABLISH CLENIC
Judge Ben Lindsey Will Act lnde-
 pendent Of Denver

DENVER, Colo. Oct. 27-Ben B. Lindsey, judge. of Denver's juvenile court. in signed statement issued here tonight, announced that he will establish a birth control clinic in connection with his court if the city of Denver does not make an appro- priation for the carrying out of the maternity law, passed by the last legislature.
 Judge Lindsey appeared before the court grand jury here this week and declined to give any information about physicians who have performed illegal operations. declaring he would not break the confidence of womcn and girls who had come to his court and told of their experiences.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
BIG ODDS AGAINST FORD

LONDON. Oct 27.-A $20o, 900 in- surance policy against the election of Henry Ford to the presidency In 1924 has been obtained by wealthy premium. according to the Sunday Express. This would make the odds against Ford 50 tC g. based on Lloyd's premium figures.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
SHAWL BACK AGAIN

BIARITz. France, Oct. 27.-The old d-fashioned shawl grandmother CT used to wear has come back into style No French woman is consd- cred well dressed unless she wears one of the wraps. Those most promi- nently displayed are of Spanish de- sign and many of them cost for
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-10-28
WOULD REGULATE RUM

BUENOS AIRES. Oct. 27.-Deputy Emilio Catalan introduced a bill into the chamber of deputies Saturday providing for control of the present unrestricted sale of alcoholic drinks through the following measures:
 Compulsory teaching of the evils of drink in public schools.
 One saloon for every 2.00o inhab- itants.
 Prohibition of sales of alcoholic drinks. except native wines and beers, to women and children.