davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Ancestry of Birds.

Evolutionists believe that man arose
from the basic stock that produced
the apes. The ancestry of birds can
be retraced still further to none other
than the lowly reptile Fossil birds,
to which we must look for our evil
dence, are almost as scarce as fossil
men. Extinct reptiles and mammals
have been preserved for us In abun-
dance, but the very power of flight,
which raised the bird above its rep
lillian ancestors, has done much to
cheat us of avian remains. Cumbrous,
awkward creatures, without this mag
ic gift, chance caught in sticky pitch
or the treacherous mud Of some la
COON, are unable to escape it's grip.
But the light-bodied, quick-winged
bird is seldom trapped in such a way.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
SCIENTISTS WILL STUDY RAT
Good Results Expected to Follow OBJ.
servations to Be Carried Out at
Philadelphia.

The superrat, unlike the superman
of Nietzsche, is not of the warriors
type, but is gentleman, an aristocrat
at heart, although democratic in his
ways.
He is gentle and sociable, a good fel.
low, healthy and active, and has an
esthetic side, being fond of good mu.
sic.
These are some of the conclusions
drawn from years of experiments
with the rodent by DR.. Milton 81.
Greenman, director of the Wistar In
stitute, at Philadelphia.
To make observations on a more ex.
tensiye scale and under more favor
able conditions than heretofore, par
ticu!arly in food research, the insti-
tute Is building a $4,000 home for
rats The building will be a one-story
wing to the present structure, and
will be provided with every kind Of
convenience conducive to rat comfort
and well being. The results, it is be-
heyed, will be of tar-reaching benefit
to mankind.
Outside Of an Office and laboratory
there will be well-equipped gymnasi-
UNI for the rats. Ladders for climb
ing, modified trapezes, running space.
ereadmill cages, and knawing appara-
tus will be provided to give the eu-
genically raised rat the proper exer-
else.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Where Washington Wooed.

Yonkers, N. Y, has an interesting
history. It Is connected indirectly
with the sparkling days of George
Washington, before he yielded to the
charms of Widow GUSTS. Washington
at one time paid very ardent court to
one Mary Philipse. Her father, the
Detroit News recalls, YVES one of the
dig landed proprietors OF prerevolu-
tionary times. His premises extended
from what is now Philipse Manor sta
ton, three miles above Tarrytown,
and close to Washington Irying's loved
Sleepy Hollow, to what is now Getty
square, In the heart Of Yonkers.
The original manor house was at
the former location. 1t is still stand
ing, and a few years ago was bought
and occupied by Elsie Janis, who has
restored 1t to it's early splendor and
oiled 1t, with colonial furniture, much
of which was there when Mary Phil.
ipse used to entertain the handsome
young officer.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
MIX Bottle Thermomet.r.

A North Woodward housewife, who
lives In a house Boosting a back
porch, says she can always tell how
cold it IL by the length of the cone
Of frozen milk In the neck Of the
bottle she hnds on her back porch
every morning. BY comparison with
q nearby thermometer, she says, she
finds that at about 20 above the cap
Of the bottle is barely lifted and the
contents frozen about two inches
down. At IA above she found the cap
showed up about two inches and the
milk solid some three inches down.
Seven above is good for a projection
Of solid" milk some four or five
inches above the bottle neck and the
contents semi-solid throughout. The
bottle Of milk Thermometer is reliable
only for above-zero temperature, as
lower temperatures must be Judged by
the curvature Of the frozen neck Of
cream.-Detroit News.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
PARENTS OF NAVEL ORANGE
From TWO Trees Has Grown an In
dustry Which ls Now Estimated
In MiIllons.

From two lone orange trees, to
which buds Of the seedless .navel" or
ange Of Brazil were grated some years
ago, has grown an industry which last
year showed net profit of some forty
million dollars. Today one hundred
and seventy-five thousand acres Of Cal
ifornia land is planted to navel or
anges, which are set out In numbers
ranging from so to 180 trees to the
acre..
William Saunders, one-time superin-
tendent Of the government horticul-
tural grounds at Washington. D. c..
learned In 1870 that a new seedless
orange had been developed at Bahai
Brazil. and procured IL Of the young
trees through the aid Of missionary,
They were brought to the United
States and planted under conditions as
nearly those of their native land as
could be found, but they could NOT
Withstand the more rigorous northern
climate, and they soon died. Buds had
been taken from them, however, and
grated upon sprouts Of native propa
cation. Two of these sprouts survived
and were transplanted to the West
coast In 1875.
From them have sprung the thou
sands Of trees which have made the ma.
vel grange the foremost among the many
varieties Of oranges. Every year buds
have haon takon from them tn fmpqri
navel characteristics to homes grown
seedlings, and still though somewhat
yavished by time, these patriarchs an
nually add their small quota to thu
thousands Of bushels of fruit their OF.
spring yields.
One of them stands just outside Riv
erside,
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
PASS UP ALL>KINDS OF WORK
Islands Cannot Be Brought 10
Do Any Labor.

The natives Of the Marshall islands,
80 years ago, before the advent Of
the missionaries. were typical savages
of the South seas. They lived q nat
ural wild existence, unburdened b.
clothes. and eating only what nature
provided for them-coconut and the
pandanus fruit. They had no house.
They lived under matched roofs, sup
ported at the four corners by poles.
Today the natives wear white linen
suits. The stiff white collar seems
to make their faces blacker than they
really are. and to bring out the de-
signs Of the tattoo marks more clear
ly. They have schools and hospitals,
which were started by those brave
missionaries Of half a century ago.
Their chief is particularly modern
He lives In house, and since Japan
has taken possession he has a wire
less station on his island, the island
of Wolfe. He even dictates to
stenographer, who sits on the floor
with a typewriter between his legs
The natives are not so far modern
lied, however, that the men will be-
stir themselves to do any work. They
do not believe in work. They leave
work to the women. The hardest task
the men perform Is to carry around
the babies. They do this so the WON
en- will have nothing to interfere with
their work.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
BEFORE LIFE WAS COMPLEX
Prehistoric Woman Whose Remains
Have just Been Found Had Com.
paratively Placid Existence.

Bones of a prehistoric woman, be
ieyed to have been a tree-climber,
have been found in the bed of the
River Cam, and are being submitted
to expert opinion in London, England.
The homes we're brought to the sur.
face by a dredger within quarter
of a mile Of the famous Fenland inn,
1.-THE Five Miles From Anywhere; No
Hurtyp
The whole district is one vast for.
est of buried oaks, which were in ex-
istence many thousands of years ago.
before the Fens were formed, and 1t
is hoped to recover the complete skel-
eton.
1.-THE find is a most interesting one"
said Fellow Of the Royal society.
sThe leg bones are undoubtedly
those of a woman, but they are OF
extraordinary conformation.
"Whoever she was, she had pretty
foot.
IF alive today, she would be short,
deep-chested creature, covered with
hair, and with long, ape-like arms and
prehensile toes.
"Her home would be rudely built
platform of sticks, with family like
ness to a glorified crows nest. From
this, excursions would be made among
the tree tops, she and her mate swing
ing themselves, monkey-fashion, from
bough to bough.
"When on the ground, her gait
would be that of monkey, with the
arms swinging to the knees"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
THREE ATOMS IN M0LEcULE
division OF Water, Small In Itself, 10
Made UP of Still Smaller
Particles.

When a great scientist named Sir
William Thomson was asked about the
size OF a molecule, he replied: IF a
drop OF water were magnified to the
size OF the earth, the molecules would
each occupy spaces greater than those
hlled by small shot and smaller than
those occupied by cricket balls" And
yet molecules are made up of even
smaller particles, called atoms. An
atom Is the smallest division of any
thing known.
A molecule of water is made up of
three atoms. Evaporation of water
consists Of the movement Of these
atoms In such way as to make the
liquid water change into a gas. Freez.
n 9 water into ice is caused by max
ing the molecules, and In turn, the
atoms, stick to each other. 1t takes
great deal Of power to separate the
molecules in water, and for this rea.
son water was long regarded AZ some
thing which could not be divided: o.
"a other words, q basic element such
- tho 0xyDen 81 the olk.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
DOG TAUGHT TO STEAL SHEEP
Intelligent Collie Made His Master
Rich Until the Trick Was Dis
covered and Stopped.

At one time sheep stealing was a
capital offense in England, and many
men were hanged for 1t. The records
show that the most successful of these
rogues owed their prosperity to the
faithful dogs which they had trained
for the purpose. In enc case a MOTOR
ious criminal practiced sheep stealing
on a large scale. Whenever charged
with the offense, he was able to prove
an alibi.
Here is the explanation. When sheep
were for sale he would view them as
prospective purchaser, taking his dog
with him. The dog carefully noted
the individual sheep handled by his
master. Man and dog would then de-
part. Later in the day, or during the
night, the dog was sent back to the
flock. In an incredibly short time the
collie sorted out the selected sheep.
from ten to twenty out of q flock
numbering hundreds-and drove them
away to spot where he knew his
master would be.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Use of the Time-Ball.

In the Middle ages the time-bai'
as a means of marking the passing
hours was popular. For the con
venience of the men and women of
the various courts of Europe great
all was dropped from the ceiling OF
The palace throne room at certain in
tervals. Today, many cities have time
balls in prominent places which drop
at noon to warn the citizens of the
time. Many harbors, Montreal and
Quebec, for instance, still use the
time ball to mark noon and other
hours.
But 1t remained for a little coun-
try In South America, Uruguay, to In
augurate q really modern and eff
cieat system for sending broadcast
over the capital city, MonteEideo, the
time at exactly eight O'Clock at night
At that hour every electric light in
the city grows dim for few seconds
and the residents set their clocks and
watches
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
speath Valley on Island o, Java.


California is not alone In the dis
ttnction Of having a Death valley"
On the island of Java is an oval
shaped hollow, near the summit Of
mountain, about 35 feet In depth and
half a mile wide. which, from the
deadly nature of its atmosphere, Is
known as the valley of Death" or
the Poison valley" The atmosphere
is loaded with carbonic acid gas, ard
though not at once fatal to human
beings, proves so to dogs or fowls.
me valley has seldom been ex-
plored much beyond the borders, as
from there It Is seen that the surface
OF the ground is strewn with the
bones OF tigers, pigs. deer and all
kinds OF birds. and also human beings.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
ODD POWER OF sFlIiofiTEs
waIls Of English Limestone Cavern
Reverberate to the Beating Of
explorers Heart.

9. F. d. Long Of Caius college, Cam
bridge. and York, has made q thor.
ough exploration Of the Stump Cross
range Of limestone caverns near Dry
gill, on the high road between Pate
ley Bridge and Grassington. BE
carried out his underground journey
during the night, and alone.
One notable feature Of Mr.. Longs
later discovery Ia the bell-like notes
Of pure musical tone given out by the
vibration Of stalactites on being
gently struck. In one cavern the
eolors Of the stalactites ranged from
yellow to red, and grayish blue, sug-
sesting iron and lead impregnation,
and some were of the purest white.
ALI were translucent.
Another feature was q series of
grottoes, where the walls reverberated
. the beat of the explorers heart,
reducing the effect Of huge stetho-
s-npe.
The vertical extent Of the caverns
from the entrance to the deepest point
reached was between two hundred and
three hundred feet, and the lineal ex-
tent, Glowing ior the many branch
.ngs AN sEiraily defending loops, was
probably not ,ar short Of q mile.
-LooCon Times.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Obesity Undesirable.

Are you fat? Be on your guard II
you are. Doctor Joslin of Boston has
gathered striking statistics that show
an undenfable association Of obesity
and diabetes, the condition in which
sugar, the most common Of food fuels.
Is not properly metabolized or stored
In the body. There are In this country
alone more than half a million dia-
5etics. 'The penalty of taking too
much alcohol is well known, and q
1runkard is looked upon with pity OF
contempt" says Doctor Joslin. Rare
ly, persons who become fat deserve
pity, because of a real tendency to put
On weight despite moderate eating, but
most of them should be placed In some
what the same category as the alco
holic. In 900 cases out Of 1000 be
Ing fat implies too much food or toe
little exercise, or both combineds"-
Science Service.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
LIxan6 Liver on Hia Tall.

Beaded lizards are seldom seen by
'sy. In the dry places where they
tive they lie hidden until the GOODNESS
Of evening brings them forth. During
the hottest part Of the year they re-
main In a state Of torpor. They eat
frogs. worms, centipedes. ants and
cther insects. as well as the eggs Of
frogs, birds and other lizards. In good
times the extra nourishment Is stored
Cp as fat In the tail. When food Is
scarce this fat can be absorbed and
carried to the hungry cells through
the blood, and thus the ella monster
may go without other food for sew.
eraI months. In midsummer the f.
fnale lays from six to thirteen soft.
Shelled eggs In hole scraped out of
he damp sand near a stream, and
an covered. After being incubated
the sun for about four weeks the
young are hatched. They are four
inches long and brighter coiored than
the parents. The mouth il armed with
many fang-like teeth arising from the
Inner edge Of the jaws. Four teeth on
each side Of each jaw are grooved
deeply on the front surface and slight
ly on the rear. A poison sac opens
between the lip and the base Of each
grooved tooth of the lower jaw.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
STILL MYSTERY TO CHEMISTS
covered the Real Nature Of
the X-Ray.

It was In 1895 that Prof. Conrad
Roentgen, the famous German physi-
cist, announced the discovery Of the
fact that IL a current Of electricity
be passed through q certain kind OF
glass bulb, from which the air had
been exhausted, the resultant Tight"
ESQ called In spite Of the fact that II
Is not apparent to the eye), would
penetrate the flesh and other semi.
solid substances and reveal objects
on the other side. For want ST q
better name to give to this disturbance
of the ether. Professor Roentgen
called It the X-ray, x" being the &C
cepted symbol for an unknown quaint.
ty.
The real nature Of the X-ray Ii
still undiscovered. Tho ray itself 10
generated by battery, the wires Of
which are connected with two cleo
srodes, one Of which is q concave
disc Of aluminium and the other q
fat disc Of platinum. The current
Is then discharged through a glass
vacuum tube and produces the ether
disturbance which renders flesh or
clothing semi-transparent, while glass,
metals. bones and mineral substances
are generally Opaque to 1t.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26

During times of Albanian fensa
which amount to tribal warfare, won
en- attend largely to outdoor duties
Marriage Is By contract: generally ar.
ranged upon the birth or a child. A
woman exercises no choice. but has :
veto power In respect to her husband,
should she not wish the man Of her
parents arrangement. she may reiecf
nim; but, In that event, must take
vows to remain a virgin. assume the
Status Of man. and In some regions
she dons mems clothing Should she
marry another man. her rejected suit
ers family must seek blood venreancs
upon her male relatives. Nation c.
ssfsphlc Society Bulletin.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Eagles Change Color.

The young eagle is clothed In three
kinds Of garments before 1t reach.z
maturity. During the first year it Is
black, the second year slate-colored,
the third year brown and white. It
might be said that the bald-headed
eagle is not bald. 1t is so called from
the white ruff of feathers about fits
head. The three different appearances
of the young eagle one time provoked
strange misunderstanding among
bird observers. 1t was thought that
they were three different species-the
black, the George Washington and the
bald. The eagle is one of the Fal-
conidae, which includes hawks and all
similar birds Of prey.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
.Msxlm corkyr = p,.udanxm,

Maxim Gorky," who was reported to
BE- on his way to England on 4 visit to
H. Q. Wells, but Is still held up by the
Bolsheyist authorities on the frontier
y Alexei Pyeshkof. the poet and
chrenicler Of the pariahs and vaga-
bonds Of Russian society.
'Gorky" means bitter" The full
name. Maxim Gorky." may, perhaps.
be read to mean the 'bitterest of the
bitter" The pseudonym effectively
symbolizes Pyeshkofs attitude toward
life, for his fiction Is the distilled es-
sence Of the disappointed.
He was not at first Bolshevik, and
he seems only to have Joined the
Bolshevist ranks under pressure.
Given his choice between low diet and
high Office he preferred the latter.
which Il one. happily, that does not
require him to take any active paft
u the perpstration o. Gtrocitisa -Ely.
- A.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
wood Has BAD Renuta+;on

Elder is of ill-omen since Judas
they say, hanged himself thereon, yet
It has the virtue of beauty In the days
Of wild roses and honeysuckle. Elder.
flower-water Is good for compilations,
say rustic maids, and old.time farmers
claim for elderberry-wine that 1t L.
"a pretty tidy tipple.'
Though the elder-wood Is a dank.
weed-infested place, 1t is to. the lilxinr
of rabbits. that always seem to abound
there.
Such woods cumber the ground. but
here and there the superstition helds
good that to cut or burn elder a Il
arouse the wrath o. en- H1<f 1rvad
and % they Ats4 &n5
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Ralelnh,a Tobacco aox

Sir Walter Raleigh was no niggard
Of his tobacco, II one may judge from
the size Of his box. It was cylindrical
In form, about seven inches In diam
eter, and thirteen inches high; the
outside was Of gilt leather, and IN the
inside was a cavity for q receiver OF
glass or metal, which would hold
about a pound of tobacco. A kind of
collar, connecting the receiver with
me casa was pierced with holes for
eipes.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
The Sins of Society.

An excellent yarn is being told of
Father Bernard Vaughan, who is now
on his way home to England after a
trip to South Africa.
He was inspecting native hut oc-
cupied by fully clothed mother and
her pickaninny who was running about
In his birthday suit. Father Vaughan
turned to his companion and said:
THAT is the difference between
South Africa and London. In Africa
the mothers are clothed and the chill
dren naked, while in London it is the
children who are clothed and the moth
ers are-welli'
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
WouId-Be Burglar Suffered.

Conversational powers of two WON.
en- holiday-makers at Brighton, Eng.
land, saved them from robbery. On
the first night of their holiday, occu-
plying the same room, they gossiped
about one thing and another for hour
after hour until daylight appeared
Then, in the gray light of dawn, they
saw a man getting out of the window
of the room. 1t appeared he had been
under the bed all night hoping to OBJ
tain some valuables from the room
when the occupants were asleep, but
was forced to leave the room on the
arrival of daylight. after having lis
tened to hours of private conversation.
This gift of woman has often been
suspected.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Why Cardinal. Wear Red Hats.

The custom Of wearing red robes
and red hats by the cardinals or
princes OF the Catholic church dates
back to the early days Of catholicism
when Ike ambassador Of the pope took
precedence over royalty itself, for he
was regarded not only as a representa-
tive Of temporal ruler but also as
parsonage whose spiritual power was
superior to that Of archbishops. Just
as purple was the color worn by the
emperors Of Rome, red was, during
the Middle ages, the distinctive color
throughout the Christian world.
Kings and princesses dressed them
selves and furnished their palaces In
materials OF scarlet hue, and as "the
father Of kings and princes" accord
ing to the ritual of his coronation, the
pope ranked with the most infiu initial
sovereigns. his ambassadors were en-
titled to wear the same royal color.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
Hasshty stare cewsd Leopard

A planter In Tanganyika Territory.
South Africa walking along a foot
path. fell Into big game pit In which
Z leopard had been trapped Neither
the beast nor the man could get out
asafn, % the planter was up against
t." but remembering what he has
hsand Of the power Of the human eye
he flzed the leopard with . naughty
stare.
4By this means and BY making
strange noises. kept the animal at
bay until = friend appeared and shot
It." he said.
Others who heard Of the affair, and
who know the planter very well, point
out that he II q lean and slender man,
not likely to attract leopard unless
the latter was indeed hungry. 70 4
desperate point.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
ASSURING Real HOLIDAYS.

very interesting and important de.
cision of the British courts is that
n wife may take holiday alone, il
she desires, and that her husband can
not stop her.
1t was born of case following TWEEN
ty-one years of reasonably calm mar
rage. The wife decided on a vacs
ton of a week without the company of
hubby He forbade it. She made an
unexpected and astonishing appeal to
the court and she won her case.
And because the husband made any
objection whatsoever she now sues him
for a permanent separation and Sc.
cures it-just for that like that.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1923-01-26
To Honor COMO MARTYR.


A tablet is to be placed in one of
the wards OF a London hospital In
honor Of the Congo chief, Mandobi.
who volunteered, when sleeping sick
ness appeared among his tribe, to 60
to England and submit to all the ex
periments necessary to determine the
cause OF this malady and to discover
a remedy. For several months he per-
mitted himself to be bled daily in
order to supply material for the MI
croscopists. At length the germ Of the
sleeping sickness was discovered; but
almost simultaneously the volunteer
subject Of these researches paid for
that discovery with his life.-The Liv.
ing Age.