davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-06-03

the olden days. Cesson by Turkey to Bull
gara of that little strip was one of the con-
ditions which Bulgaria entered the great
war On the s side of the eentrsi -,
captulations issue. The consular courts are
orssn Sf
the Turkish courts are not required to follow
The made as on s de
mand that the legal advisers be given a veto
power arrests of allied nationals and
over searches Of their premises. The Turks
would not concede more than that the legal
domicliary searches. Even the institution of
legal adviser is to lapse at the end of five
The representative of the Angora govern
Of bonds of the Ottoman debt failed to reach
agreement at their recent conference in Paris.
insisted tn Z payment Of interest henceforth
should be = Turkish paper francs while while the
for payment in gold francs or pounds sterling.
xsreS tn e In uss So 1ee St
bssT % be ts 6ece Of o
the Ottoman debit is held in France.
Turkey has Withdrawn her claim to the
Mr. Grew. our "oficial observer" plus at
Lausanne. has received full power to negotiate
ses he Tnifed states sm' and an' rSrKeI te
supersede existing treaties.
China.-One hears that Gen. Chen Kwang
Ming. who early in the year compelled.
under pressure of forces loyal Sun Yat
Sen which greatly outnumbered his own. to
retire from Canton, gave bad beating the
other day to army OF Suns. This is good
news, for Chen is reported OF the ablest.
sanest and most honorable men in China,
whereas Sun Vat Sen grows madder daily.
Yesterday he was mad March hare,
now a halter is in the comparison.
One hears. too, that $4,000 troops of WI
Pei Fu's have entered Kwangtung to help
China. And, finally one hears that Suns chief
supporters in Fukien province have gone
to the enemy.
The ink o: the above is yet dry when
a comes along of certain
of Suns troops.
Negotiations with the Shangtung bandits
reported to be in new and satisfactory
phase: The bandits have unconditionally re-
leased Maj. Allen, L. S A.. and English
man; why. does not appear.
MiscellnneOus.-The rebellion in the Bra
lillian state of Rio Grande Do Sui continues
but seems to be going against the rebels
At meeting in Paris May % between
the Austrian loan commission and Thomas w.
Lamont of J. p. Morgan Co, preliminary
arrangements for American share in the
proposed sl3o.00oo00 Austrian government
loan complete ed: that share to be $4,000
600. Preliminary arrangements have now been
completed with all the national banking
groups whose participation is being sought
except the Italian.
Great Britain has granted independence to
Transjordania. with the Emir Abdullah of the
House of Hedjaz ruler. 1t is. however,
/ understand it. qualified independence
country. There is apt to be much virtue in
your interest"
Evening star., 1923-06-03
Medical Service
Free to Seamen

The r-fung cry for helps. o.
S."-has long since. even before the
world war, focused the attention OF
peoples the world over on how wire
less has tremendously lessened the
dangers that befall men who go down
to the sea in ships. Few, however,
even the master mariners. realize as
yet that all seamen have a right to
medical service by radio while at sea.
Surgeon General H. S. Cumming of
the public health service emphasizes
that even the expense of calling the
service by radio from away out at
sea Is borne by the radio companies.
without expense to ship or sailor"
This medical service is really a sort
of subsidy to merchant ships and
sailors. A century and a quarter
ago. when Congress established the
public health service. under the title
of the marine hospital service. it
directed 1t to render medical aid to
every American seaman who applied
for 1t. and that for this each seaman
should pay 20 cents a month. This
was in 1898. In 1870 the tax was
doubled. In 1855 il was abolished.
Since then all such aid has been
xeudsyed free -
Evening star., 1923-06-03
BY HENRY w. BUM.
II HE following is a brief summary OF
the most important news of the world

" HE following is a brief summary of
the most important news of the world
for the days ended June 2:
United states Of America.--on May 2s Lieut.,
Harrison G. Crocker of the United States Air
Service established a new record for a single
pilot machine, making a nonstop flight of
approximately 1,400 miles from the Gulf OF
Mexico to Canada in II hours and 20 minutes.
The distance Travelled was actually little
longer the officer hoped off at Ellington
Field near Houston, Tex. few south till over
the gulf. then turned north and, having passed
over a strip of Canadian territory, went on
and a'fs Russe st l. bs,d He Mfh to
am aom Tehe & ed T ss sam
month. He proposes to make 1t in five hops,
Cheyenne S and spot st'pn IN Z Utah R He He viii use
Curtiss pursuit plane. To accomplish the
%es eer w ss of
Four Navy planes will make an extensive ensiU
graphic maps will be made and much infor-
nation is expected concerning regions other
wise at present inaccessible. ,,u,,.
The United States Army transport Merrltt
sas from Whites tfe ho ed from
stok SOME months ago in the dtlapdated iittle
merchant fleet commanded by Admiral stark
on board. They come to the United States as
immigrants
missions IS si.47s,os4,si4, The United states
s255.544,S10 for Rhine occupation costs
The national industrial conference board
~ finds that during the last six months about
100000 negroes left the south for the north.
In consequence of our prohibition legislation
the Royal Spanish steamship service TO New
York has been discontinued
~ Xxx
The British EmpIre.-At party caucus on
May % Stanley Baldwin was unanimously
elected head of the conservative party. sue
ceeding Bonar Law. The reunifcaton of that
party appears to be almost complete. Most
of the great who went into the wilder
ness in a huff because the de-hards smashed
Lloyd Georges coalition now reconciled
Sir Lamington Worthington- Evans has ac-
cepted office in the cabinet postmaster
general. Sir Robert Horne. coalition chancellor
of the exchequer. and Sir Ernest Pollock coall-
tion attorney general attended the caucus.
Lord Balfour would have been there but Tor
illness and sent cordial letter. Austen Cham
berlain and Lord Brkenhead, however, who
could have attended did not.
We told that craft of more than dozen
different types are being built for the
air dreadnaught. as one might call it, which
carries a of eight. Some of the hydro
arplane it is said will be able to ride the
resolved to put through great military and
naval aircraft program.
document has been captured by Irish
ing the body of his followers, declares that
The republic no longer be maintained by
fighting and that further sacrifices to that that
ment is order signed by the republican
chief of staff directing all ranks to dump their
Thus officially. the Irish rebellion be
takes itself to the limbo of lost causes.
X X
Ruhr week before last continued to spread
Evening star., 1923-06-03
Device Will Record
Weight of Traffic

Uncle Sam is taking an automatic
permanent record of the economic
worth of our highways which he is
helping the states to build. which
also will show the development of
highay transportation.
An automatic device for recording
traffic. which shows not only the num-
Der of vehicles which pass over it.
but also their weight is now being
installed on the washington-Balti-
more boulevard in front of the
campus of the University of Mary
land at College Park. Md. through
cooperation of the university with
the United States bureau of public
roads, and the state roads commits
sion of Maryland. Officials of the De-
partment of Agriculture expect this
device to confirm the results of in
vestigations previously made which
show that a good road is such pay
ing investment that it is the poorest
kind of business judgment to do with
out 1t.
This device, which is being in
stalled on the Washington Baltimore
road, was made by the bureau of pub
lie roads.
The value that such a record will
have is most obvious" said Dean
A. n. Johnson OF the engineering de-
partment of the university "It will
give a basis for determining the
economic worth of our roads and in
dicate into what our highway trans
portation Is developing
Work is in progress at the uni
versity at present of celebrating the
apparatus. casting the slabs of which
will form the covering, and other
wise getting everything in readiness
for the installation. which. it Is
hoped, will be undertaken within the
next ten days or two weeks.
This first installation will be ex-
perimental for the purpose of per-
fecting and developing the apparatus.
When installed. the roadway will be
unimpaired. the concrete slabs, which
will form the covering. being so laid
as to preserve intact the original
surface. This is highly important in
order that. as the traffic rolls over the
apparatus, there shall be no inequali-
ties in the surface which would in
duoe the aupact loads s-----
Evening star., 1923-06-03

occupation of the Ruhr has had the
result of developing on the part OF
Germany for the first time dlspo-
sition to meet her obligations to
France. instead of endeavorlng, as
heretofore, to entirely evade them.
Greece and Turkey. in the persons
of Venizelos and Ismet Pasha. have
shaken hands at Lausanne, and as for
Italy. The recent visit of King keorge
and Queen Mary to Rome. the popular
warmth Of their reception there and
the radical change in the attitude OF
the Mussolini administration toward
Great Britain, all go to show the ex-
tent of the harmony which has now
taken the place of the former resent
ment existing between Downing
street, in London, and the consulta In
the Eternal city. 1t may be SAID with l.
out any fear of contradiction that
never has the understanding between
England and Italy been so complete
and genuine as at the present moment.
But the principal feather in the
cap of Lord CurZon is his mastery
management of the Russian problem,
from which he has emerged with a
vastly enhanced prestige, not only in
Europe, but also in Asia and especially
in Russia. He has accomplished this
in the face of almost insuperable diff
culties, not the least among which
was the reckless, shortsighted and
ignorant championship of the ex-
tremist bolshevist elements at Mos
COW by British labor. Ramsay Mac
Donald, for leader in the house of
commons, and his friends endeavored
to convince their friends at MOSCOW
that. thanks to their championship of
the bolshevist cause, the British en-
pire was poWerless to enforce its de-
mands for satisfaction and for redress.
Labor emissaries were even sent from
Evening star., 1923-06-03
Land Gifts in Year

Acreage large enough to include Con-
necticut, Delaware and Maryland has
been given away by Uncle Sam during
the last year to private citizens, first
come, first served, with the single excep-
tion that ex-service men are given first
choice of location. This represents 49,
904, ,S21 acres of public domain to which
complete ownership has been surrendered
to private citizens, and more than half
of this total went into constructive
home building uses.
The homestead act was passed by
Congress in 1862, since which time 20S,-
900, 900 acres of public land-the ceding
of which to the central government was
big contest in the Continental. Con-
gress and prevented the signing Of the
Articles of Confederation by all of the
states until the Revolution was about
over-have been entered and patents is
na1Nd tohcguasteadeeA
Evening star., 1923-06-03
I'D. C.. Scientists
Exploring Jungles

The first troops have set sail from
New York to fight Americas latest
war for independence.
They will do battle along a front
of dense jungles, rivers crawling with
reptiles and fever-ridden marshes.
The little army consists of seven
Washington men commanded by DR..
.. F.. Cooke of the United States De-
partment Of Agriculture. with DIR.
William r. MaXon of the Smithsonian
institute as his adjutant Their ord
nance consists of brief cases and field
glasses. They will fight to- make
America free from the rubber tyranny
of foreign powers. -
The party now is on the ocean
bound for Nicaragua They expect
to return to Washington about the
middle of August. The object of the
trip is to make an exhaustive study
of the rubber industry in Nicaragua
and possibly in other Central Ameri-
can republics. to ascertain how it can
lie developed under the direction of
American business so that the enor-
nous demand for rubber in the United
States can be met without recourse
to supplies under the exclusive con-
troll of British and Dutch capital with
consequent price fixing.
1t will be practically impossible, it
is claimed, to introduce rubber cul-
ture on American soil except in the
Philippines and possibly in Porto
Rico. But. if it is found pos
sible to extend the Central American
crop the same purposes will be filled.
The Washington scientists will de-
termine the best types of rubber for
the Central American soil and will
study means to encourage the natives
in taking up this branch of agricul-
ture.
This is one of the first movSs fol-
lowing the recent warning of Secre-
tary of Commerce Hoover and other
officials that something must be done
to keep rubber prices reasonable for
the American public and to prevent a
monopoly in the hands of other va
tions.
Besides DR.. Cooke and DR.. Maxon,
the party is made up of the following
Department of Agriculture official \:
Capt. r. c. Baker. Robert Martin. II,
r. Loomis, A. {. Ballentine and j. f.
HarYeN
Evening star., 1923-06-03
Curzon's Free Hand as Foreign Minister
Has Restored British Empires Prestige

Sistance TO the requirements enum-
Grated by Lord CurZon. and every
thing possible indeed was done to
hamper and obstruct his efforts, the
ones of which were directed
to securing the Liberation of the COM
and the crews of the several
British trawlers. who had been cap
tured while fishing. not within the
three e-mile limit of territorial waters
on the Thurman coast. but beyond a
twelve-mile limit, and who had been
thrown into jail. condemned to long
terms of imprisonment and had their
boats confiscated. Yet. these were
English working men persuing a per-
fectly legitimate calling and belong
ing to those very classes which the
processes to represent and TO cham
pion.
After much futile negotiation. Lord
Curzon. in the face of good deal OF
missiving II is said on the part of
even some of his ministerial col
leagues. presented an ultimatum to
the soviet government threatening.
not war. as has been alleged. but a
rupture of the trade agreement which
has existed for the past year between
Great Britain and the soviet govern
ment at Moscow. Fears were ex-
pressed in certain circles in England
that this ultimatum would result in a
revival of the most sanguinary scenes
or the bolshevist regime, and unite
all Russia in war against all occi-
dental powers. and indeed against
western civilization
1t was generally understood at first
that the rupture of this trade agree
ment between Great Britain and Rus
ssia would only affect the latters
business relations and commercial
intercourse with the western powers
and especially. of course. with the
United Kingdom and that it would
put stop to the volume of trade be-
tween Great Britain and Russia,
which in 1922 represented turn
over of over s100.000.000 But the
general public in England and abroad
had little conception of the extent
of the menace used by Lord Curzon
in bringing the soviets to book, and
in securing first and foremost the
Immediate release of the imprisoned
British trawlers, the restoration of
their ships and compensation for their
cargoes. but also the adoption OF
measures for the immediate none
tary reparation to the families OF
those English citizens who have
succumbed. either to violence or to
hardships in Muscovite prisons.
The real heads of the soviet gov
ernment at Moscow. appreciated that
the rupture of the trade agreement
with Great Britain would be followed
in all probability by similar action on
the part of the other foreign powers
and would close to Russia all the
sources from which she draws foreign
money. that there would no longer be
any means of the disposal abroad OF
Russia's rapidly reviving industries
and of her growing grain exports
rive years ago she was starving and
famine stricken. This year thanks
to the encouragement afforded by the
trade agreement, she is assured OF
surplus crops allowing for the export
Of no less than million tons of her
grain.
Evening star., 1923-06-03

Continued from First Page.)
slowly. the forest service experts
realize and their drive on Congress
will be with view to general edu-
cation of the public TO the grave
menace and the necessity for con-
Servation and reforestation.
Urges Development of Methods.
To make the practice OF intensive
forestry universal or even the rule
throughout the United States so as
to meet requirements, means the de-
velopment of scientific knowledge and
technical methods of timber growing g
comparable with what has slowly
and at large cost been obtained for
agricultural crops.
1t will require effective protection
against fires. 1t will require methods
of cutting the mature timber that
insure prompt and complete refor-
estation. 1t will require the selection
and concentration of growth on the
best species in each region. 1t will
require cultural operations, such as
Trimmings. which in European coun-
tries yield. and in this country may
be expected to yield, revenue from
forest land before the main crop
reaches maturity. 1t will require that
the cut be so regulated that only the
more than the total growth of the
whole forest.
Cannot Hasten Process.
Even if intensive management
could be applied instantly to the en-
tire area OF forest land in the United
States, it would take a generation or
two to bring about forest conditions
as favorable to high production as
those now to be found on small areas
in this country or over large areas
under forest management in Europe.
So that the situation sums up some
thing like this: Even if Uncle Sam
gets the best possible cooperation
from private industry, many years
must pass before we can make our
forests produce through growth as
much timber as is now taken from
them each year. A period of lumber
shortage is inescapable.
Evening star., 1923-06-03

m
M destined to take a prominent
place in education OF the
future, DIR. John j. Tigert.
United States commissioner of educa-
tion, believes, and the attention of
Congress will be directed to these
probabilities not only by federal Off
ciaIs, but by educators and leaders in
the industries.
The Federal Trade Commission is
now prosecuting a suit in which 1t
expects to show that 1t is possible for
the motion picture industry to control
the minds of the American people and
to direct their whole process of
thought on matters political, with re-
gard to clothing and even custom.
The possibility of monopoliZing the
motion pictures and radio for polit-
ical purposes. especially in a great
national campaign, has already been
gravely considered by party leaders,
especially when the bill for federal
censorship was under discussion, and
the commanding positions taken by
William G. McAdoo and VIII II. Hays
in the motion picture industry have
also directed public consideration to
this problem.
Was Witness In Suit.
DR. Tigert has been a witness in
the Federal Trade Commissions suit,
and there in sworn testimony gave
his views regarding the Importance
of motion pictures to general educa-
ton. He diferentiates between edu-
cation in a narrow. restricted sense,
as acquired in schools. and education
in a broad sense, representing the ex-
perience gathered during an entire
lifetime.
Considering education in this
broader sense. DIR. Tigert believes the
motion pictures today are having a
greater effect on the people in mold
Ing sentiment. habits and lines of
thought. than the schools, and he
gives four instances to prove his con-
tention. There are twenty million
persons in the motion picture houses
every day, for instance. while the
schools, with a total enrolment of
only sixteen million in attendance,
and the motion picture houses are
doing business seven days week.
Learning Through the Eye.
Thomas Edison testified recently
|. and Commissioner Tigert agreed, that
much more information is acquired
through the eye than through any
other sense or from all other sources
Mr.. Edison estimated that SIS to 90
per cent of knowledge comes through
the eve. And as the motion pictures
mako their appeal solely through the
eve. and the schools only partly
through the eye, it is obvious that the
| motion pictures impart informatio
morexEenerally than the schools.
| The schools run on an average only
[ eight or nine months. and the motion
! picture theaters are running all year
Childrcn's Influence Negligible.
! The indirect effect of the motion
/, pictures is greater because children
4 going TO school do not have mucf
! influence in molding public opinion
while an important employer going tt
| the movies and talking about them
afterward to his employees, associates
in business or at the club indirectly
| influences those about him.
| The importance of the motion pic
! lures in Americanization work is also
| emphasized by Commissioner Tigert
| Secretary Lane. in a notable speech
! declared that You cannot Ameri-
| canize people with books explain
Evening star., 1923-06-03
DIR. Stepanek Aid
To Czech Nation
Continued from First Page.

Vienna and Moscow. Entering ths
Austrian foreign service, he was sent
to Constantinople and was there
when the war broke out. He was
called hack to Vienna and during the
war was stationed in Austria and Ger
many
Work During War.
Because of his diplomatic training
he was placed by his fellow-country
men at the head of the Czecho-
slovakian revolutionary organization.
1t was a dangerous and difficult task
during the stirring days of the war.
The Czechs and Jugoslavs decided to
hold a conference in Geneva and seek
the aid of the allies. He could not
cross Germany and consequently had
! to go to the Dalmatian coast and
/ across the Adriatic. 1t had been Sc
| cretly arranged for A French sub
marine to meet him and his asso-
| ciates. but it failed to appear.
| They waited at Spoleto for enough
wind so they could cross to Italy.
in a tiny fishing boat. An enemy
/ plane hovered over them. threatening
| destruction to their craft. After
| eighteen hours of terror they reached
the Italian shore. only to be arrested
and sent to Rome as spies. Eleven
Jugoslavs were detained. but DIR
| Stepanek was freed by Premier Or
4 lando and soon reached Geneva
| From there he went to Paris and
after the, armistice returned home
| Afterward at the peace conference
it was his duty as a representative
! of Czechoslovakia to help obtain
| recognition for the new republic.
! Freedom has always tingled in his
! veins. He declares that nobody rear
ed in free country can comprehend
! the hatred oppressed peoples have foI
! dynasties. There is constant burn
| ing in the heart. he says; and yet
his people realized there was nothing
| they could do in peace times to gain
| their independence. Il can easily un-
! derstand the feelings of Sir Roger
| Easement" he said.
Brother Slapped Statue.
One of his brothers shared thi.
same bitter hatred of Austrian rule
At a meeting of students long be-
| fore the war. to give vent to his
! feelings he slapped the face of a
statue OF Emperor Franz Joseph
What was intended to be a somewhat
playful blow was sufficient to unbal
| ance the old emperors likeness. II
fell to the floor and smashed into a
! thousand pieces. An Austrian guard
! witnessed the incident. arrested the
| youth and he had to serve a generous
| term in jail.
DR.. Stepanek is eager for the
| Czechs to have every modern inven-
| tion and innovation that is used with
success elsewhere. From Washing
| ton he is going to the Pacific coast
/ II want to meet the big engineers
college presidents. automobile max
ers and farmers of the country" ex-
planned this brilliant diplomat, who
looks and talks like an American;
| this fervid patriot who has accom-
plished so much for his own people
| while he is still under forty years of
age.