Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-09-01
ALL HOLLAND
ENGAGED IN
CELEBRATION

The silver jubilee n birthday
! Of Queen Wilhelmina that is being
celebrated today in every city, town
! and hamlet in Holland again calls
attention to a land where mankind
has achieved one of his most no
table victories over the forces OF
nature.
For the United Netherlands, ia
miliarly known as Holland, the
| name of two of its eleven states, &C.
cording to a bulletin from the Ma
tional Geographic Society lis a
country where the rivers run, so to
speak, over the heads of the inhabik
ants. Populous cities rest below
the level of the sea, which persist
emily clamors for admission. Guilt
waited fields are buried under UNI
productive sand, and marshes are
drained to become fertile gardens.
Islands have been attached to the
continent by ropes of sand"
The bulletin based on a commun-
ication by James Howard Gore
continues:
Lacks Quarries and Timber
Holland without %quarries, has
erected stately buildings and sub
stantial cities and faced miles of
almost without timber, she has built
nayies which have disputed the sea
with the most powerful fleets.
Lacking raw materials, Dutch
ships have made it possible for fac
tories u run, and Dutch ships have
carried finished products to distant
ENDS. With neither coal nor oil
to drive the needed machines, the
air blowing i've Holland has been
made to pay toll and the revolving
wings of countless windmills trans
(ar-. Ait. 4n1I inR4 narrxT
'It Is not astonishing that even a
fertile country should, by cultiva-
ton, produce grain and stock, but
1t is surprising that Holland should
exist and its existence is a para
dox in physical geography.
Before Birth OF the Rhine
Before the birth of the Rhine a
great part of the Netherlands as we
nov see 1t, was a sea limited on the
German side by a rocky coast which
now shows itself in the Tuetoburger
Valid Hills. The uplifting of the
Ardennes inclosed a sea in the In
terror of Germany which shielded
by the Alps on its southern coas and
protected from the cold winds of the
north, became full to overflowing
from the melting ice.N Finally the
pent-up waters broke through, and
in the bed thus formed, the Rhine
has since been flowing.
with the rush of the waters.
masses of rocks were hurried along
until the moving force exhausted it
self; smaller particles were carried
farther, and when the sea was reach
ed it's resistance robbed the river
of its final burden, and sand dunes
formed the northern boundaries
of Holland. The pebbles and grains
of sand on which rests the soil of
Gelderland and Overyssel and the is
land of Texel show hat their prim-
eval home was the basalt regions
of the Rhine.
P~ecuIiarities of DeItas
THE result of the conflict between
the waters of the rivers and the sea
into which they seek to find an out
let Is seen in the deltas of our larg-
est streams.
THE struggles of the Danube have
formed about it's mouth vast tracts
of marsh lands; the Mississippi finds
its way into the Gulf of Mexico
through six channels, which are with
great difficulty kept deep enough to
| carry the discharging flood; the Nile
demands a breadth of 12O miles
through which to force its vacillat-
$50 Holland is the present of the
Rhine-that Rhine which rushes
over the rocks of Schaffhausen,
| spreads out boastfully before May
ence, passes tri~umphantly under the
ence passes unanimously under the
beats in sonorous cadence at the
foot of the Seven Mountains.
Where a River D~issipates
Before reaching the Dutch from
tier it has lost all the beauty of its
banks, and flows in great, lazy
curve suggestive of approaching old
age. The indecision of senility is
now seen in the separation of the
Rhine into two parts. The main
branch shamefully disavows its
name and throws itself into the
| Mouse, a river of French origin; the
other branch. insulted by the name
| of Dannebrog Canal, after going
nearly to Arnheim, separates in two
parts, one emptying into the Zuider
Zee; the other, %regaining its early
name, though qualified as the Lower
Rhine, goes as far as Duurstede,
where it divides for the third time.
Zone of these branches, like a fu-
gitive from Justice, changes its
| name and unites with the Mas near
Rotterdam; the other still clinging
to it's old name, reaches with diff
Guilty Utrecht, where for the fourth
time it submits to a further parti-
ton.
zone part, denying it's once
boosted name, drags itself to Mui-
den, where it unites with the Zuider
Zee; the other, called the Old Rhine,
flows slowly to Leyden, whose
streets it linguidly crosses. Then
gathered into a canal, it is carried to
its death in the North Sea-"