The Washington times., 1923-02-18
More mi1es Per Car
Yin WINTER
by Ray HzcHdzn0na
COOLING SYSTEM REQUIRES SPECIAL ATTEN
UNDER Low TEMPERATURES.
Copyright. 1923, by The Christy Walsh syndicate)

The danger OF water freezing in
! radiator or cylinders and the posi-
bilities of destroying both as q. re-
suit OF extremely low temperatures,
unless a safe percentage Of alcohol
il added to the water becomes more
apparent during the first three
| months of the year when the tenn
peratures are liable to fall below
| zero over night, following several
days of mild weather. Since al
cohol and water solutions boil at
point considerably under that of
plain water, the mild weather usual
~ results in high temperatures in
the cooling system, evaporating the
alcohol to the extent of reducing
the efficiency of your anti-freeze
mixture to the freezing point. This
condition often happens without
showing any symptoms and is very
dangerous in the case Of abnormal
drops in temperatures during the
night. Therefore. watch your anti.
freeze solution closely during mild
weather so that you win not be
caught unawares.
Another condition which contri.
butes to rapid evaporation Of alcohol
10 the improper use OF radiator and
hood covers, particularly during mild
cold weather when the driver for
gets to raise or open the radiator
protector. Very often the anti
freeze solution is rendered useless
in the course of a few miles in tISs
way. Therefore, do not keep the
covers closed long enough to per-
NIT the solution reaching boiling
point when warming motor up, also
when having radiator covers fitted
to your car see that all Of the
frontal area Of cooling surface is
exposed when the curtain or shutter
is, open.
When taking long drives at high
speed during mild winter weather
it will be necessary in order to pro.
tect your anti-freeze solution to
have your radiator cover entirely
open, and hood covers that lay over
hood should be adjusted to permit
free circulation Of air through them.
This precaution is suggested be-
cause most motors are designed to
give maximum efficiency with water
temperatures between 100 to 200 de-
grees, and since a strong solution
of alcohol and water may boil as
low as 100 degrees, the danger Of
your alcohol evaporating without
any warning is obvious.
WARNING-Do not guess In pre-
pairing your anti-freeze mixture. If
you cannot ascertain the capacity
of your cooling system from the in
struction book, drain off the sys-
tenn, measuring the water. then pre-
pare your solution accordingly.
The safest and best form OF anti
freeze solution is grain or denatured
alcohol. mixed with water in the
following proportions:
Alcohol Water. Freezes at
40 60 Zero
so 40 90 below.
p. c. p. C. Zero.
80 20 10 above
Rapid evaporation Of alcohol will
necessitate adding quart occasion
ally to maintain proper proportions
Of alcohol and water. especially IL
the design Of cooling system per-
n1its temperatures above $50 de-
grees in the solution.
The use Of glycerine, together
with alcohol and water, raises the
boiling point and is slightly injur-
ious to rubber hose. However. 1t
decreases the tendency Of rapid
evaporation Of alcohol and will not
evaporate Itself and requires less
attention. Therefore, 1t is the most
satisfactory solution obtainable, al
though a little more expensive.
When machines are equipped with