Evening star., 1923-07-20

his pursuers. lived in Chihuahua
mountain cave for five weeks. Ii
was located i'll the center of per-
pendicular cliff which rose $50 feet
from a brook on the level plain be-
low, and from this point Villa said
he often watched the American
troops. Many times he was reported
dead. Upon the American army $
withdrawal from Mexico Villa re-
newed his depredations. on April
4, 1916. he was indicted for first de-
gree murder at Deming. n. NJ, on
account OF the Columbus raid.
They call me 4 bandit and the
worst man in Mexico" declared Villa
when he was welcomed TO San Pedro.
Cnahuila. but I would preserve our
nationality. [ surrendered because
further lighting in Mexico meant in
tervention by the United States. II is
time for peace" In a manifesto he
praised the good faith. honor and
patriotism" of Provisional President
de la Huerta. and declared 1t was his
purpose to show the Mexican nation
that he and his men could build as
well as destroy"
Affected by Daughters Death.
The former bandit went with his
| family from San Pedro to Las Nievas,
Durango, to settle down" on his farm
there, and shortly after wrote to de
la Huerta for school books and sup
deeply affected by the death of a
daughter in San Antonio Tex. a
month after his surrender. Sixteen OF
his men, who were among a number
captured by Pershing and convicted
of various offenses were pardoued by
the Governor of New Mexico in No
vember, 1920.
The first real tragedy in Villas life
occurred when Gen. Filipe Angeles
was executed as revoIutionist BY
mired Angeles not only as a patriot
and soldier. but regarded him almost
As father. He wept bitterly when
he received word that Angeles had
been shot. He threatened reprisals
and later aided in the overthrow OF
the CarranZa regime.
Real Name Doreteo Orange.
Villas real name was Doretec
Orange. He was born in 1868 of peon
parentage in the little mining town
of Las Nievas. AS a youth he follow
ed the trade of butcher until the death
of his father and then he and his
mother and sister went to western
Chihuahua. There he became a cow
boy. Many stories have been told as
TO how he became an outlaw but the
one most generally accepted Is that
it was because he killed a captain in
one of President Diaz' regiments
Diaz then placed a price on his head
his name to Villa. He organized q
band of outlaws and became a terror
to the rich land owners and mining
men of northern Chihuahua, robbins
them and sharing the spoils with his
followers and the impoverished poems
When the Madero revolution against
Diaz occurred, in 1910, Villa became
military leader in that movement. Al
one time he was arrested and sent
to Mexico City by Gen. Victoriano
u
by a military court for insubordina-
ton. Madero saved his life. Villa later
escaped and fled across the Texas
border.
Army of $4,000.
Huerta became dictator after Ma
deros assassination in 1913, and wher
Carranza revolted against Huerta In
Coahuila, Villa re-entered Mexico to
fight for CarranZa and organize q
campaign against the man who had
imprisoned him. Poems flocked to his
standard and he is said to have gath
cred an army of $4,000 men.
Villas first great victory against the
Huerta troops was at Ojinaga. After
the battle 1000 men and eight gen.
erals of the federal army took refuge
I'm the United States and were intern
ed. In other fights, including Sar
Pedro de las Colonias. Paredon ano
Torreon, Villa was also triumpha mt
tween Villa and Carranza. and when
the latter made his triumphal entry
into Mexico City. following the re.
tirement of Huerta, the bandit leader
declared war upon the new presi'
dent. villa had been one of the in.
denendent chiefs who had made and
formulated the plan Of Guadalupe
which made Carranza first chief oi
the constitutionalist forces.
Occupfed Mexico City,
With Emilio Zapata. another ban
dit chieftain opposed to Huerta, villa
cupied Mexico City with their troops
forcing Carranza's retirement te
Vera Crpz. Gen. Alvaro Obregon
later successor to de la Huerta te
| the presidency and loyal to Carranza
Celaya, Irapuato and Cilao he de-
feated the Villa-Zapata forces. Ir
those battles Obregon lost an arm
and Villa lost his prestige as a. com
mander.
dispersed One disaster followed an.
other and Villa retreated across the
mountains to Sonora, where he joined
forces with the YaQui chieftain Ur.
balejo.
Agrees to Armistfce.
In the years that followed and w
to the time of the Columbus, N. M.
raid, Villas influence as a militar,
leader steadily waned. Detection.
from Villas ranks continued. many
of his generals leaving him and ac.
cepting the amnesty of the Carranzs
government. villa sent his wife
across the border, and, with only 3
few hundred men, resumed the bandit
raids for which in earlier years hi
had been notorious.
Then came the overthrow of tht
Carranza regime. the rise Of the d.
la Huerta provisional government
and the election of Obregon. Obre
gon had proved Villas master In tn,
field. On May 81, 1920, three fedora
20 attn nr-fc o11f 10 r,ar nh villa