davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-10-28
Rail Construction, Coming to End,
Gives Nation Big Problem to Face

railroads are doing their best in thar
direction by striving for higher eff
cheney. but they are badly handi-
capped by the unfair competition of
transportation facilities, created wholly
or IN part by government, which pay no
taxes and make their own wage scales"
Trucks as Feeders,
why do not the railroads 20 into
the trucking business themselves
and use it as a feeder for their freight
lines"
Because they could not compete
with private concerns in the matter
or labor costs The Railroad Labor
Board hxes the wage scales for the
railroads and private concerns could
operate at lower cost and make
competition impossible. The Southern
Pacific spent millions building cleo
trio feeders, which were simply
smothered by carriers operating on
roads built with public money"
What about the farmers COM
plant that railroad freight rates
form one Of his heaviest burdens?"
asked.
Il will answer that question with
another" replied Mr.. Kruttschnitt.
would the farmer be satisfied with
an 8 per cent increase in the present
market value Of his products"
why. no."
Well. that is all he would get if
the entire sum collected by the rail-
roads for transporting agriculture!
products In 1922 was returned to him
That is not guesswork. 1t is a fact
which can be proved by government
statistics. The Interstate Commerce
Commission estimates the total rail-
road revenue for transportation of
agriculture products last year to be
$71S,973.000. In the same year the
Department Of Agriculture gives the
total value Of farm crops as $780,
100000. The rest Is a simple sum in
arithmetic. Now, I do not suppose
that even the most radical farmer
would propose to pay no freight rates
at all. yet while continued reduction
In rates would bankrupt the railroads,
1t would mean but slight relief to the
farmer.
Up to the People.
!. "The whole railroad situation"
continued Mr.. Kruttschnitt. "can be
reduced to very simple terms. We
must have railroads. whether they
are operated by the government or
by private companies. If they are
privately operated, they must be al
lowed to give a fair return to their
owners. for no man is going to run
any business that Is not profitable
At the present time railroads are not
profitable tc their owners. That is a
simple statement of fact which does
not require argument The Inter-
the figures which it considers as
fair return for class 1 roads. The
actual revenue OF these roads last
year was S3s4,67s,000 less than that
sum, or a return OF 4.0s per cent on
the invested property. No business
car be permanently run on that basis.
1 have stated the alternative and the,
decision rests in the hands Of the
American people"
Editors Note-This Is one of series
Of articles in which some of the most
vital problems at present before the
American people are discussed by some
of the best known leaders Of American
thought aaA iaAustsy. The next article
In this series will appear on this page.
Evening star., 1923-10-28
( APPROPRIATIONS
COMMITTEE RIDDLED

Representative Mann chairman of
the committee on committees AS he
is a veteran of eighteen years con-
secutive service he is not only IA
miliar with the special qualifications
of the House members who are
anxious to get on the appropriations
committee. but has an even more in
innate knowledge Of the particular
requirements for membership on the
appropriations committee.
The filing Of vacancies on the ap-
preparations committee undoubtedly
will be the first job tackled by the
committee on committees, so that the
subcommittees may be reorganized
on the appropriation bills.
Budget Important Task.
The handling Of the budget by this
committee presents an unusually i'm
portant task for the incoming ses-
sion, because for the first time q new
schedule of salaries for practically all
the employees of the government-or
at least for some 175.000 Of them
Is comprehended. The reclassifica-
tion act. passed In the closing days of
the last Congress. provides for the
reclassification of some $4,000 federal
and District Of Columbia employees in
the National Capital, and orders a
survey made of the field force. apply
ing as far as possible. the same sched-
ules as for the National Capital, with
a report and Recommendations to
Congress.
Chairman Madden claims that no
further legislation is necessary for
reclassiffcation OF the field forces, ex-
cept to appropriate the money neces-
sary to pay the salaries. After a
conference OF officials Brig Gen. Her.
bert NJ. Lord is Tentatively at least)
including reclassified salaries for the
field force in the federal budget which
is now being drafted, as well as re-
ella iiied salaries for the employees In
the 'bistrtct Of Columbia. All Of this
Continued on Third Page.9
Evening star., 1923-10-28
Guarding Yellowstone Game
Uncle Sans Vital Winter Job

Now the summer boarders have
gone, bag and baggage. from Uncle
Sans biggest farm. and the hired
men are patching up for the winter.
They've finished with the haying.
They've stocked up with salt pork
and bacon. They are polishing their
rifles for prowling wildcats
In fact, the field force at Yellow
stone National Park are just getting
down to real work with the end of
the tourist season, according to Har-
ry F. Franz, former Washington
newspaper man, who is representing
the Washington Office Of the national
parks service on the big reservation.
Need Care in Winter.
The wild stock, the deer. the bison,
the elks and the moose in the worlds
greatest game preserve require care
TO keep them alive during the winter
as we'll as their barnyard brothers.
This year over 1000 tons of hay have
been harvested as a reserve food sup
ply, when snow drits over the graz
Ing places.
The government learned an expen-
siye lesson four years ago. There
was a devastating storm early in the
winter. This sent many animals, par
ticularly the elk. hurrying to lower
areas outside the park in search of
feeding grounds. Thousands were
slaughtered by Inscriptions hunters.
other thousands were saved by emer-
gency arrangements for feeding
which prevented them from leaving
the park bounds. To prevent the re-
currence of any such disaster hay
now is grown regularly within the
park. Even under normal conditions
approximately 1000 elk will seek
government hay ration late in the
season.
:" Ueer Also Demand Food.
Deer also seek the aid OF man to
eubsist through the winter. Besides
the hay eaters there are about twenty
s'beggar" deer. which live in part on
back-door handouts from residents.
The hers Of tame buffalo. number.
ing nearly 700. grazes until the nat
ural feed Is gone and then goes to
the buffalo ranch for hay feeding.
The wild herd Of buffaio, numbering
eighty head. lives without being fed.
The mountain sheep look entirely to
their own welfare through the win
ter. The moose, scattered throughout
the park. also largely are Independent
and the bears hibernate through the
cold season.
The antelope, whose preservation
has been one Of the chief game prob
lsns Of the country during the last
Evening star., 1923-10-28
BY WILL p. KENNEDY.

~ EoRGANIzATIoN of the ex-
~ executive departments, which
has been under discussion
ever since President Taft ap-
pointed his commission on economy
and efficiency in 1911. has now reach
ed the stage for congressional action
and should be disposed of by the In
coming session of Congress.
A joint congressional committee has
bow been in existence several years.
tAt has been inactive, with the plea
that it was awaiting recommenda-
tions from the President, at the re-
quest of the late President Harding.
These recommendations were submit
ted several weeks before Congress ad-
jounrned.
The administration has thus done
its part and it is now up to" Congress
to pass upon this matter. which is
in the eff1ciency-economy administra:
tion of federal affairs.
Has Two Plans Before 1t.
This joint committee has two plans
dents plan. compiled by Walter F.
Brown, the personal representative Of
President Harding, who. at his re-
quest, was made chairman Of the joint
committee. and a very similar plan
submitted by the Institute for Govern
ment Research. With these two plans
before 1t. the joint committee is ex-
pected to hold hearings at which
interested parties and associations,
such as the American Public Health
Association, the National Educational
Association, the American Council on
Education. the engineering societies,
the Chamber of Commerce of the
United States, the American Fedora
lion or Labor, and, of course. the
heads of the services affected by the
proposed changes. will be given an
opportunity to state their case On
the basis of such hearings the COM
nittee will report its plan for gen.
eral reorganization. 1t Is expected by
those in closest touch with reorgani-
zatfon plans that these hearings will
start very soon after Congress meets
and that possibly definite action may
be taken on the committee report at
the incoming session.
Every member of Congress is to
receive during the coming week a
bound copy of THE Reorganization of
the Administrative Branch of the Ma
tional Government" published by the.
institute for Government Research,
which has independently made a very
detailed investigation of the subject
since 1916.
In this connection 1t is interesting
to remember that the Institute for
Government Research rendered valu-
able assistance to the special COM
mittees Of the House and Senate when
the budget law, which has proved
such successful piece of legislation,
was being put through Congress.
Designed to Give Aid.
This report of the institute on re-
organization is intended primarily to
assist members of Congress and 9TH
ers in getting a clear understanding
of the issues involved in reorganizing
the government service. The specific
Evening star., 1923-10-28

TINE incoming session of Congress-
whose principal business is
the passage of appropriation
bills to. keep the wheels of
government moving, finds this i'm
portant work handicapped at the
start by the fact that the House ap-
propriations committee, where such
legislation almost always originates,
"all shot to pieces"
Ordinarily subcommittee of the
House appropriations committee start
work ."unofncially" upon the supply
bills before Congress opens up. get
ting the estimates "in confidence"
from the Secretary of the Treasury
in the old days and from the budget
officer in these later days. But this
will have ten or twelve vacancies to
fill, and several of those who do not
return were chairmen of important
subcommittees.
This means that, since the appro-
priations committee is rivaled in i'm
portaace only by the ways and means
committee-the taxing committee
scramble for these vacancies, which
will result in a general upset OF COM
mittees all through the list. The
chairrnen Of a number of committees
will strive to get appointed to the
appropriations committee.
Probable Situation.
There is a very promising situation
which strengthens the hope that a
strong appropriations committee may
be selected. Representative Martin
b. Madden Of Illinois is chairman OF
the appropriations committee. He is
also successor to Representative
James R. Mann of Illinois as repre-
sentative Of that state on the COM
mittee on committees, which adjusts
the rival claims of members for COM
mittee appointments and generally
fxes up the slate for committee
membership. Representative Madden
is expected to also succeed the late
Evening star., 1923-10-28
BY EDWARD r. ROBERTS.

HILE oceans of ink and tons
NNf Of paper are being used up
" v to prove this, that or the
other thing about the
financial condition of the Amer
lean railroads. what is happening to
the roads themselves. the actual
tracks. trains and engines on which
literally depend our existence as a ma
ton?
One thing at least: Railroad con-
struction in the United States is
steadily coming to full stop.
That is the big central fact which
and official reports supplied to me
by Julius Kruttschnitt, chairman of
the board of the Southern Pacific
Company. when asked him the
above question. 1 told Mr.. Krutt-
schnitt that l was looking for plain.
cold, unadorned facts and was not
interested in arguments.
WELL" he said. IF you want the
story in nutshell. this chart will
give 1t to you," and he handed me a
little graph about the size Of an
ordinary letter sheet. The chart gave
the bald facts about railroad con-
struction in America from 1870 to
1922.
Peak Reached in 1887.
Starting with few hundreds OF
miles in 1910, the line of construc-
tion moved steadily up into the thou
sands until the peak was reached in
1887, and then started downward
and kept going until 1922 it was
back to the point where it started
from eighty years previously.
SIN 1840." elucidated Mr.. Krutt-
schnitt. when we had population
of about 100000. we built about
the same number of railroad tracks
as we did in 1922. when our popu-
lation was 110.o00.oO0. That, how
ever. does not tell the whole story.
The railroad mileage In the United
States actually diminished last year
to the extent Of 352.68 miles. There
were 324.09 miles of new tracks
built, but there were 676.77 miles
abandoned. Of which 221.7 miles
were actually torn up"
WAS that condition peculiar to
last year?" 1 asked.
Roads Political Foot Ball.
"It was not. For twenty-five years
the railroads have been the foot ball
OF politics, with the result that rail-
road construction has fallen year by
year. both in mileage and with re-
spect to the needs Of the population.
The Census Bureau and Interstate
Commerce Commission reports show
that in 1910 there were 2.61 miles of
railroad for each 1000 population,
and that proportion steadily fell year
by year until 1t was only 2.34 miles
in 1921"
Then in another twenty-five
yearsT I began to calculate.
'oh." interrupted Mr.. .,Krutt-
schnitt, "if the present policy is main
tanned, we are headed straight for
government ownership long before
another twenty five years elapse."
What can railroads do to help
themselvesT I asked. st
Increase their efficiency" replied
Mr.. Kruttschnitt promptly. Labor
costs will not come down. It is folly
to talk about it. Wages never do
come down. The only remedy is
greater efficiency in operation"
How about the plan for consoli-
-dationf' was my next query.
Sounds well. but that Is about all.
Evening star., 1923-10-28
julius KRUTTSCHNTTT SAYS:

Railroad construction is steadily
coming to full stop in the United
States.
I'VE built about the same num-
Der of railroad tracks last year as
We did in l840, when the popula.
ton of the country was about H..
100000.
IF the present policy is main
tanned, we are headed straight for
government ownership long before
another twenty-five years elapse.
THE economies to be effected by
consolidation are far less than the
average man thinks or that the ad.
ministration dreams about.
Railroad labor costs will not
come down, and it is futile to talk
about it. The only answer to the
present situation is increased eff.
cheney on the part of the railroads" )"
Evening star., 1923-10-28

public wants is lower rates and not
fewer transportation facilities, and
the only way it can get lower rates is
by reduced costs of operation. The
Evening star., 1923-10-28

tion Of lavender oil is pleasant in
dustry.
Evening star., 1923-10-28

Y HILE oceans of ink and tons
NNf Of paper are being used up
v to prove this, that or the
other thing ahouf Tho
Evening star., 1923-10-28

Continued on Third Page,
Evening star., 1923-10-28

Editors Note-This Is one of . series
Of articles In which some Of the most
vital problems at present before the
American people are discussed by some
Of the best known leaders Of American
thought aaA inAustxy. The next article
IN this series will appear on this page.
, 1923-04-29
JOINT OWNER Of
REAL ESTATE IS
ENTITLED VOTE
Attorney General Hands
Down Ruling Upon
Bond Elections.

CHEYENNE. Wyo.. April IS
That the statute passed by the last
Wyoming legislature which provides
that only persons owners OF real
property shall vote in bond elections
does not prevent n joint owner Of
real estate from voting. providing he
can show that he does hold an inter.
est in real estate although the prop
orty title may be of assessed in the
narne of another. is an opinion given
by the attorney generals office in
response TO a request from Katherine
a.. Morton. state superintendent Of
public instruction. for an interpreta-
ton of the language of the statute.
The attorney generals opinion. pre-.
. pared by Deputy Lloyd Sampson,
says:
1T is my opinion that a party
must own real property before he or
she may vote in a bond election.
"a wife who owns property jointly
with her husband is entitled to vote,
provided they car show by certificate
from the county clerk that the tax
receipt issued to the husband covers
property Jointly owned by both; and
IN is my opin on that unless n tax
receipt or certificate from the county
clerk IS presented the election judges
win be compelled to refuse them the
fr.ght to vote"
, 1923-04-29
CASPER sunnap eeurntng Crtbune

mentioned in a subtitle. And other
good African pictures have come.
But they all. It seems. have been
leading up TO the film now at the
Wyoming. 1t appears to be about
h last word. at least go far az ami
NAL life on the continent is con-
cerned-
1t is. in tho FIRST place. composed
Of remarkably good pictures. By
perseverance, skill and the use of the
latest Photographic equipment, in
Guiding n telescope lens and n port
able developing OUTFIT. Sidney Snow,
who was the cameraman of tho ex-
petition. obtained close-ups as we'll as
clear distant views of every kind of
African animal the average man has
heard of and many he will not know
the existence OF until he goes to the
Wyoming theater. The beautiful. the
, 1923-04-29

ugly. the switt. tho unEainly-they
are all there. singly and In herds. at
water holes and dartinE across the
plain or diving into the jungle un-
~dergrowth- And much OF the photog-
raphy is excellent by any standard.
All OF It Is exceedingly good con-
sidering the conditions under which
the camera was used.
But the nlm is more than Just an
Interesting collection OF animal pic
lures. 1t is as thrilling in places az
anything shown here for a long
time.
, 1923-04-29
LEGGERs
ARE HELD FOR TRIAL

CHEYENNE. wyo.. April Is
James Kirkbride, proprietor of the
Becker hotel, and his wife were
bound TO the district our IN bail
of $1,000 each, on charges Ct boot
logging. Evidence was introduced al
their preliminary hearing designed 20
show that moonshn liquor had been
sold at the hotel at % cents a drink
md that both husband and wife had
figured in tho sale. The couple arc
pioneer ranch people who came to
Cheyenne recently and engaged in
the hotel bus ness.
, 1923-04-29

which the most instructive
and the most thrilling. motion picture
Of wild animal life ever made. Paul
Rainey, tho cinematio Henry M.
Stanley Of Africa, did 1T first. and
did it we'll. His pictures are still
remembered. and It vas a generous
II deserved. recognition OF Rainey's
work for Mr.. Snow to have hin
, 1923-04-29
TWO YEARS IN AFRICA SHOWN N
FEATURE At WYOMING THEATER

The nlm at the wyoming theater
today is the Universal Special Hunt.
ing Big Game in Africa" 1t was
made on a t~wo-year expedition into
the Dark Continent. led by H. A.
snow and his son Sidney. who went
u for the Museum Of Natural His.
tory of Oakland. Cal. 1t seems safe
10 say that It is the most complete
, 1923-04-29
School Bonds Are
Voted at Capital

CHEYENNE. Wyo.. April 2s.-A
proposal to issue SIS 900 of bonds
.of the Cheyenne school district, to
aobtain funds to partly defray the ex.
epense of building a new schoo in
sSouth Cheyenne. was approved by
the real property holders of the dis.
trict, 237 to 10. at a special election
held Thursday.
, 1923-04-29

Beautiful threepiecs 1vingroom
suite. in heavy two-tone velour, and
deep spring construction. Save $50
and buy now at Graham-Shieids Fur
niture Co, where prices are always
lower.
, 1923-04-29
SIS down and $40 a month

ON A o IN A GROWING, MODERN, CLEAN, UP
TO-DATE TOWN AS MILLS is today and TO. that mat
ter it will always be a good place for home loving people,
who are the salt of the earth, and who demand pure water
and sanitary conditions for their children. Do you know
that people who live in the congested district near the
great mass of stone and brick business buildings, never
know the delightful rest and comfort of those people who
Own Their Own Homes and live farther out and as a mat
ter of fact it is in the same position to the refineries and
railroads as Casper, which joins the refineries on the
in Mills for you cannot go wrong and you are bound to
make money in this wonderful town which is noted for
its pure water and its excellent location relative to the
largest industry in the west.
Come and let us show you that we are telling the truth.
, 1923-04-29

The North and South railroad is sure coming to Mills and
Casper. Please investigate just how and what route they
are going to take to come to Casper. Don't delay-do it
now. Today real estate can be bought in Mills for what
it is actually worth and on terms that you cannot afford
to pass by.
You should now get busy and take notice, as you can very
likely find it easy to make arrangements to only pay
Evening star., 1923-03-13

Mrs. Art Smiley says no girl
should git married unles She S
maxim at least SIS d week.
Copyright National Newspaper serviccD
Evening star., 1923-03-13
GRANT BEh|EVES KLAN
1NNOCENK Of THREAT
Declares Many Use 6,der as Cloak
for Deeds of RascalMy, Such
as Fire Note,

Offer of a reward OF $1,000 was an
nounced today by the Royal Order of
Americans for information heading to
the arrest and conviction Of the per-
son who sent an incendiar.Y threat
letter to Rev Eugene A. Hannah. pas
tor of st. Martins Church. North
Capitol and streets. This offer
makes total reward of $1,000 in the
case. S. F. Poindexter. king kleagle
of the local ku Klux klan. having; al
ready offered a reward of $500.
Inspector Clifford l.. Grant, chief yof
detectives. has received the threstt
letter from Father Hannah anki
turned 1t over to Detectives O'De.a
and Cullinane. who are conducting am
investigation of the incident.
THE letter was written by an ex-
pert typist." Inspector Grant stated,
and an apparent attempt at disguis-
ing the handwriting was made in ad-
dressing the envelope.
The inspector said he had no idea
from what source the letter came.