davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-03-10
The Primary system.

| Lawnla king in this country has not
been suspended by the adjournment of
Congress. State legislatures are grind
| ing away on laws of state import.
some of which, relating as they do to
elections. have national application.
| All legislatures meet in 1923, except
those of Kentucky, Louisiana, Mary
land. Mississippi and Virginia. The
sessions began in January, except in
| Florida, which begins in April, and
! Georgia, which begins in June.
One of the proposals over which the
state legislatures have jurisdiction,
though it's effect, if enacted, would be
distinctly national, is the extension of
the primary system to presidential
elections. The principal states in
which campaigns are now being con-
Quoted by the progressive forces for
effective presidential primary laws are
| Kansas, Oklahoma, Minnesota, Wash
ington. Iowa. New Mexico, Arizona
and New York. Reports received at
| national headquarters in this city for
this movement, 1.-The peoples legisla-
| tive SERVICE" are that there is strong
probability that majority of them
! will adopt effective presidential pri-
| mary laws during the present session
| Of the legislatures. 1t is claimed by
! the national promoters of the proposed
change that if this forecast is borne
out a majority of the delegates in the
next national conventions will be
chosen by presidential primaries. The
states which now have presidential
, primaries are California, Illinois, In
diana. Maryland Massachusetts.
Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, New
Hampshire, New Jersey. North Caro-
lima, North Dakota. Oregon, Pennsyl-
vania. South Dakota, Vermont, West
Virginia and Wisconsin.
Senator johnson of California. au-
thor of the proposed amendment to
the Constitution of the United States
for nationwide presidential primaries.
has frankly given up hope of its sub
mission to the states by Congress. on
the ground of determined opposition
from the southern states. So the
friends of the movement have turned
their attention to securing action by
the states.
The outcome of the current move
ments In the various legislatures
would bear with drastic effect upon
presidential ambitions and party poll
cies. One result would be to loosen
the hold of the party mana cement
upon the rank and file: indeed, it
should be said, to transfer control
from the management to the individ-
ual members OF the party. The action
of the legislatures is worthy of being
followed with close interest.
Evening star., 1923-03-10
In A FEW WORDS

The citizen who approaches a law
suit does SO in fear and trembling,
with the feeling that he is going into
some dark cavern in which he must
feel his way about and where every
thing that happens is beyond the
GOV. ALFRED SMITH (of New
York;.
men to understand the love of God.
LADY ASTOR.
England might be playing a stronger
hand in world politics. but the gov
crnment knows that the British pop
ulace won't fight any more. The boys
are home to STAY.
-HILLAIRE BELLoc.
The motion picture theater of the
future will be built like an elongated
egg and will hold 10000 people. 1t
viii be temple of color, music and
pictures, but mostly music.
IS. l.. ROTHAFEL.
Idealism Is an essential of civiliza-
ton. but the professional idealists
have their heads in the clouds and
leave those who keep their feet on
the ground to pay the freight
UNCLE JOE" CANNON.
The American detective is too no.
ticeable. He has his profession writ
ten all over his face, to say nothing
Of his shoes.
ISRAEL BLUxnNFIELD.
Evening star., 1923-03-10
Government Salaries.

There is a story in the news that
the assistant secretary Of commerce
may resign to accept the presidency Of
corporation ''at salary several
times greater than he receives as as.
sistant secretary" 1t is an old story.
Something Of the kind comes into
print nearly every day, and in the
cases of many designations from the
public service no mention is made of
the greater private-paid salary the re-
firing official is to receive. The re-
tirement Of highly efficient men from
the public service to accept higher
pay Is regrettable, but there seems to
cannot or will not pay as much for
business brains as business corpora
tions are willing to pay. While many
men are content to serve their govern
ment for the honor of the thing, many
other men will pass up the honor to
accept a private job with the proper
salary attachment. No one can blame
either type Of man. Each to his taste.
Though public Office is generally a
thankless task, there is a glamour or
some sort of distinction in a public
title which makes appeal to many
men. 1t often happens that a man
after being invested with the honors
of public office finds those honors a
poor substitute for salary which en-
ables him to live well, enjoy the pleas.
ures of the world and make provision
for old age and for setting up his chill
dren in life. Other men having en-
joyed the rich salaries paid in indus
try for talent and efficiency decide that
the honors Of public Office with an
humble salary outweigh the other
plan, and that by living in plain way
they can get along well, educate their
children and set them to the task of
generally in some other city. Other
men. long in public service, become
contented with their lot and like gov
ernment service better than the strain
of rivalry and stress of competition Of
other lines of work. The lesson is that
while the government probably ought
not to be asked to pay the salaries
which corporations pay officers and
technical experts, the whole level Of
government salaries should be higher.
They should be brought in line with
presentday standards Of living and
the decreased purchasing power Of
money.
Evening star., 1923-03-10
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILASDER JOHNSON.
A Golf Renliniscence.

n @IOIf hennnlScence.
When We played shinny long ago
Our clothing did not fret us,
We wore no coats of sunset glow
Our mothers would not let us.
Oh, we were coltish in our glee:
We loved to prance and whinny:
We asked no "niblick" and no tee"
When we were playing shinny.
Oh. where are those companions now
The thin boy we called Fatty;
The boy ill-clad, with grimy brow;
The boy SO neat and natty:
The boy who was SO very fat
His comrades named him skinny?
There is no friendship here like that
We knew while playing shinny.
Perchance. one day club I'll take
And set the golf ball flying.
At least, an effort may make:
There's naught, you know, like try.
ing.
But I shall miss those boyish friends,
So freckle-faced and grinny;
No modern game can make amends
For those lost hours of shinny.
a Humble Sermon.
Oar nebber want no one who couldn't
fin out
Sumpin' clus to his home to git busy
about.
1t may be de work doesn' pay as 1t
should,
But it's better dan loafin' an bein' no
good.
So mixes dc whitewash or pushes de
spade
'Thout talkin' too much bout de
money dat's paid.
Don vase all yoh time countin' up de
reward,
Jes' ten to yoh business an trus' in
de Lord.
When Moses, de prophet, led Israel's
band
He didn' start akin de price of de land
He was leadin' 'em to. Ef dey followed
de light
He knowed dat de future wah boun'
to come right.
De onlies' way to succeed is to staht
A-doin' yoh bes' wild yoh hans and
yoh heart.
So dom git contrary and sing of de
chord,
Jes' ten to yoh business an trus' In
de Lord.
Evening star., 1923-03-10
Apartment House Mail.

There is talk among postal officials
Of giving dUur-to-door delivery in
apartment houses. 1t is to be in the
nature Of AN experiment. 1t is an
experiment which large numbers of
apartment house dwelers would like
to have tried. and no doubt it is true
that great numbers of apartment
house tenants are content to have
their mai! put in their mail box in the
lobby. The thing that concerns them
most is the prompt delivery Of the
mail. On one side it is said that the
general acceptance of the mo box no
mail order has so facilitated mail de-
livery that the present carrier force
can make delivery TO each apartment,
providing that the apartment has a
mail slot in the door. On the other
hand. it is said that the present car
rier force is not large enough to allow
OF this extension of mail delivery sys-
tenn. There is no way for laymen to
come to an Intelligent conclusion in
this matter. The decision must be
made by the postal men. If the door
to-door delivery in apartment houses
can be made without increasing, or
largely increasing, postal expenses a
great majority of persons will favor
it. If the extension is to cost d great
deal of money there will be considera-
bic opposition to it. 1t will be argued
that while the door-to-door delivery
would be good thing there is no
urgent need for it. If the postal au-
thorities want to try the plan out as
an experiment they should be en-
couraged to do it.
Evening star., 1923-03-10
EDITORIAL DIGEST

with the pull would still try to land
the job. and probably would get it"
The Detroit Free Press (independent)
IS also skeptical OF keeping politics
out OF IA system which repoSes un-
limited discretion in the Postmaster
General, and with the restrictions
OF the civil service removed If
politics gets in, then a general rip
ping ur or the organization will be
inevitable every time an administra-
tlon changes. and the theory that
postmasters hold Office for indefinite
terms Will give way to the facts OF
me spollS system. and Everybody
Knows. says the Youngstown Vindi-
Gator tdemocratic). that "a postmas-
ter should keep office as long as he
does his work We'll"
So far as civil service contro, or
post office appointments is concerned
me oklahoma City oklahoman tdem-
ocratic) believes that such regulation
rs especially needed in the Post Office
Department. because il should he
Kept as free-from politics as pos
sible.' while POSTMASTER General
WORKS recommendation would have
Just the opposite effect" But the
Grand Rapids Press (independent)
neleves that the postmaster general
as theoretical head of the great firm
or I. ). d Co. mail deliveries should
De able to scout around for the best
man for the Office of postmaster
without having to choose from the
srist turned out by q civil service
examination" for. as the Chicago
News independently says. that this
plan has not always yielded satisfac-
tory results IS admitted by sincere
supporters of the merit system" ;"
The proposal will undoubtedly bring
blast of condemnation from civil
service reform advocates who will
assert that DR.. Work "is endeavorinc
to restore the spoils system in lis
q I'M
hune independent republican,, sees
1T. the competitive civil service cx-
animation system is somewhat like
! the primary. Its theory is good. but
in actual practice it does not ALWAYS
do what its designers intended" an6
If this system were abolished the
Tribune believes ii would open the
way for marked Improvement in the
effective operation of the post office
Theoretically the Work recommen-
dations for making the department
politics-proof Sounds Well" the Ell
! mira Star Gazette tindependent)
thinks. but also It sounds familiar"
for lit has been stated and restated d
time after time in party platforms
and by politicians who were talkin
BUNK which they knew they did not
mean. Theory aside, the program is
neither practical nor possible" the
Utica 0bserverD Dispatch Gndepend-
end adds. and even DR.. Work him
Self, given power to make appoint
ments as he outlines and recommends.
would make his selections in har-
mony with the wishes of senators and
representatives and party leaders"
The trouble as the Waterloo Uowa)
Tribune independently sees it, is
that when the democrats are in Of
flee they want the post Offices out OF
politics. When the republicans come
in they say it is a grand scheme, but
that the rule should not go into ef-
feet while the democrats are filing
th, Jobs And so il has gone
Evening star., 1923-03-10
Garden Court of Bank of England
Covers Burial Ground of Old Church

repealed in the face of inevitable op-
position.
It is doubtful if there has ever been
any banking institution in the world
where so great an aggregation of
riches from all parts of the universe
have been gathered together under
one roof. Foreign monarchs and for
eign governments. even those of the
far orient. have at one time or an
other confided their greatest treasures
10 the Bank OF England as the one
place of all others for safekeeping.
The huge underground portion OF the
bank. where all these riches are pre-
served. and the ingenious contrivances
devised for their protection, are oc
caSionally shown to carefully select
ed visitors. But it is doubtful whether
any of them who have been thus
privileged have ever realized that on
the same level. and separated only
from them by heavy stone wall. re-
inforced by highly tempered steel.
there lay all the bones and skeletons
Of the former occupants of the grave
yard of the Wren church of St. Chris
topher-leStocks.
Arriving this week in New York
from Brazil on his way to England is
the Rt. Hon. Sir John Tilley, who two
years ago was appointed to succeed
Sir Ralph Paget as British ambassa
dor at Rio. His promotion to the
post from an assistant undersecre-
tary of state at the foreign office car
ries with it the customary appoint
ment to membership of the privy
council an increase of salary from
$500 a year to s35. 900 per annum. in
addition to various liberal allowances
and n stately official residence, fur
nlshed even to the superb silver serv-
Ice. and maintained at government eX-
pense. Then. too. II Sir John had been
obliged to wind up his career at the
foreign office with the salary of an
assistant underSecretaTy OF state. he
would have had to content himself, on
his retirement, with pension OF
s5 900 a year, whereas now, as for
mcr ambassador, he will be accorded
considerably more than treble that
amount
Sir John Tiliey, who is expected to
make a brief stay in New York and
England, has many American friends,
acquired through his services in con-
nection with the Venezuelan Bound
ary Arbitration Commission in Paris,
for the settlement of then pending
d tffe1 epces that had arisen between
Great Britain and the United States,
and he has also come into contact
with American officials at the series
of international conferences at Brus-
sells and elsewhere. at which the
United States was represented
Sir John received his education at
Eton and at Kings College. Cam
bridge; is about fifty-four years Of
age, so that he has still full decade
before he reaches the statutory limit
for retirement; has son and two
daughters, and is married to a daugh-
ter of the late Sir William Montgom-
cry Cunninghame. ninth baronet of
his line and q Victoria Cress hero.
Evening star., 1923-03-10
To Keep Ships Afoat.

General approval will be given the
determination of the Shipping Board
to follow the example of the poor be-
nighted Hindu" and do the best it
kin do" The board haS no disposi.
tion to throw up its ;iands and quit
just because its comprehensive and
hopeful program of federal aid to the
merchant marine was filibuStered to
its death in the Senate. 1t is the duty
Of the board to continue to function
under the law as it stands, and there
is no desire either to evade or shirk
that duty.
Whether a majority of the American
people favored or opposed the admin
istration's plan for federal aid to ship
ping now IS aside from the question.
No one doubts that the American peo-
pie want 10 keep their flag flying on
the sever, seas, and are opposed to
scrappinE the merchant fleet in which
they haze invested billions of their
hard-earned dollars. The government
will have to keep such ships as it can
in operation, and the Treasury will
have to continue to make good the
losses until such time as Congress, in
it's wisdom, sees fit to exchange d
hopeless and uneconomic program for
one which promises to reduce losses
and in time TO make the merchant
fleet self-sustaining.
There apparently is no intention of
g
on the market to fetch whatever they
will bring. There may be sale, it is
indicated, of such passenger vessels
as are not needed to balance the feet
of the United States Lines, the gov
ernment's operating company, but the
present plan of operating cargo YES
sells is likely to continue, at least until
there is some radical change in the
worlds shipping situation. Such sales
Of cargo vessels as are made will be
with the proviso that they shall be
continued in operation on established
routes. Unless cargo vessels were
sold at price so low that capital
investment would be inconsequential,
private owners could not operate
them generally i'll competition with
the subsidized fleets of other nations.
and to sell them at prices which would
make private operation possible would
involve a sacrifice of the peoples
money which would be wholly unwar-
ranted until there has been a deter
mination whether the people, through
a temporary subsidy, are willing to
make their successful operation by
private owners eventually possible.
But even without regard to the orig
inal cost of the ships, the argument is
strong for continued government oper-
alton of cargo vessels, with whatever
losses to the Treasury are necessarily
involved. There have been too many
instances lately of foreign discrimina-
tion against American shippers to
risk placing them wholly at the mercy
of their trade rivals. Markets must be
found for surplus products if pros
perity IS to endure. and these markets
would be difficult to find and more diff
ficult to hold were our carrying trade
turned over to those whose primary
interest is to destroy it.
Evening star., 1923-03-10

In Hiram Johnsons broadside
against American entry into the
league court" many politicians hear
the detonation Of his opening gun In
the fight for the 1924 republican pres
identlal nomination. Johnson now Is
in open opposition to President Hard
ings paramount issue In the realm
Of foreign policy. 1t is hard to recon-
cile the Californian's hostility with
his reputed unwillingness to oppose
Mr.. Harding in the primaries. John
son Is reported by his friends to be
convinced that If the G. o. =. goes to
the country next year on a platform
providing for "entanglement" with
the league Of nations 1t will be as
overwhelmingly repudiated as the
democrats were in 1920. The irrecon-
cilable arch priest looks upon himself
as the logical savior of the republic
can party from such doom. John
son sails for Europe today. Those
who know his mental processes are
confident he will return with a store
house of corroborated prejudices.
X X X X
The Marquis Curzon of Kedleston,
British foreign secretary. who Is
chiefly responsible for the unyielding
policy of his government in the con-
troversy over the United States con-
sulate at Newca stle, has never ranked
as particularly friendly to America.
His only obvious partiality toward us
has been exhibited in the choice Of
his wives. both his first wife the for
mer Mary Letter of Washngton) and
the present Lady Curzon having been
American born. The late Walter
Hines Page. our war ambassador at
London, more than once took occasion
to voice his distrust of Lord Curzon.
who was an influential member Of
both the AsQuith and Lloyd George
cabinets. Since earliest youth CurZon
has enjoyed among his compa triots a
reputation for austerity bordering on
superciliousness. To this day there
clings to him a bit OF doggerel com
posed when he was an undergraduate
at Oxford:
My name Is George Nathaniel Curzon.
] am most superior purZon.
My face is round. my hair is sleek.
And dine at Blenheim twice a week"
Plans of the Princess Bihesco. Alice
Roosevelt Longworth, Mrs. Eugene
Meyer. jr.. and other intellectuals to
form a society of psychology in
Washington are conceived in Il de-
sire to counteract the "charlatan-
ism" palmed off here in the guise of
applied psychology. They declare the
National Capital has been surfeited
with isms OF all sorts, mostly of for
eign origin, that have been swallowed
whole, despite their deleterious char
acter. In William James America
had perhaps the first, and certainly
one of the foremost. psychologists
the world has yet produced. Robert
Sessions Woodworth of Columbia
University. a disciple OF James, who
Evening star., 1923-03-10
Ry THE NARauIsE DE FoNTENoY

Some months ago elaborate de-
signs we're published on this side OF
the ocean for the reconstruction OF
the Bank OF England and for the
conversion of the squat Old Lady OF
Threadneedle Street into species OF
twentieth century skyscraper, while
retaining the familiar outside walls
of the present single story of the
building which has for over 14O years
been one of the best known land
marks of the city of London.
A feature of the reconstruction
was the building over of the garden
around which the bank was built,
and. in view of the extraordinary
value placed upon every yard and
even every foot of land in that por-
ton Of the city, and of the immense
pressure for increased accommoda-
ton. long felt by the governors of
the bank, it has always seemed
stranXe that they should have al
lowed so much of the space within
the walls of the bank TO remain in
the condition of shady old garden.
Few persons. and certainly neither
the governors of the bank nor yet
the architects employed by them for
the reconstruction, have been until
now aware Of the origin Of this gar
den, which has just been brought to
light through the disconcerting dis
covery that the bank has no author
ity to build over it, and that either
the plans Of the reconstruction, al
/ i Il i
will have to be completely changed,
or else that municipal. ecclesiastical
and, above all. parliamentary legis-
lation entailing long and costly de-
lays will have to be obtained before
the obstacles in the way of the re-
moved.
Il I. i: i:
1t seems that when the Bank of
1881 the old ST. Christopher-le-St Stocks,
Il church designed by Sir Christopher
Wren. was pulled down in order to
make way for the extension of the
bank, authority to do SO having been
duly obtained by act of parliament,
approved of by King George III. The
old church was surrounded by
graveyard, and It was particularly
stipulated by the act OF parliament in
question that all the bones of the
dead I'm the churchyard should be
gathered together In a great vault, oc-
cupying the church's site, and the
surface of which should be converted
into a garden and never be built upon.
1t remains to be seen whether par
lament will consent to legislate in
favor Of the removal of the bones of
the dead who formerly reposed in the
graveyard of st. Carbohydrates
1t~ <h1r ,t.Vrr pl,xro ri
cemetery, or II the stipulation under
which the sacred edif1ce and its gar
den OF the dead was surrendered to
the Bank OF England will be merely
Evening star., 1923-03-10
Trees and Parking.

It is the plan of the superintendent
Of trees and parkings to spend his
available rce-planting funds this year
in developing Il new nursery near Ana
costa and giving care to the trees
now growing instead of setting out
young trees along the streets. The tree
program as first drawn called for
Evening star., 1923-03-10

French scientists announce that 10
per cent of the women of today have
mustaches. and that the number is
growing. Up to this time there has
been speculation as to why so many
forms of continental whiskers strike
the observer as effeminate.
Evening star., 1923-03-10

French fines against German towns
that behave badly are stated in marks
by the million. 1t would be appalling
to state the cost of the German occu-
patton of France in similar terms.
Evening star., 1923-03-10

The best time to play golf is in the
morning. With each stroke at the
little white ball at dawn there will
disappear a part of your chronic
grouchiness. spring fever OF any
other ailment to which the average
individual is subject.
DIR. WALTER L. CRAIG (Johns
Hopkins HospitaD.
The hustle will be generally worn
again this spring. but it will not be
the stiff, ungraceful thing of grand
mothers day, but mass of ruff1es
NINE. ALA RIPLEY.
There have been other measures
than the prohibition act foF which l
should receive the credit-or plane
ANDREW J. VOLSTEAD.
The prediction that gasoline. will
soon be a dollar a gallon is absurd
Our prices are fixed by the law OF
supply only and there are at present
no indications that any increase
whatsoever will be necessary.
w. E. TEAGLE (of Standard OIL
Company.
Since the time Of Charles the
principle Of the balance of power has
been the dominating one in European
politics and still is, despite the league
%"HENRY " nsSfs p. FLETCHER Omitted
States ambassador to Belgium).