davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-10-01

The officers of the Navy at head
qua rters are astounded by the devef-
opments OF the evidence of the re-
coast of California. They are unable
to explain how the catastrophe could
have occurred while all the vessels
were under command of experienced
navigators.
There have been no precedents even
approa ching such a loss since the
Navy was established. Hitherto, with
a total of 341 destroyers built. only
three have been lost, with two others
damaged but saved. Suddenly nine go
onto the rocks together, two hefng
saved but seven wrecked, with loss
of twenty-three lives. In none or the
cases Of loss has blame been attached
to the commanding officers. until in
the recent wreck off the California
coast.
In 1918 our government bought the
right to install what was called
"direction finder" later called
radio compass" This preceded wire
less telephony. But the radio COM
pass did not prove satisfactory until
a vacuum tube and amplifier were
added. Then 1t was found to be a
great safety device for locating ships
at sea from stationary point
charted on land.
X X X x
Great improvements were made In
the instrument at the bureau or
standards, and these were delivered
to our Navy in 1918 but held secret
on account of the war, although we
were not then involved in hostilities.
Upon our entrance into the war the
radio compass. improved, was in
stalled on our destroyers ana radio
stations established on shore. Later
stations. and only signaling instru-
ments left on the vessels at sea, ex-
cept on battleships. That Is the
present system.
All discussion now as to Whether
it is reliable or not Is out-o1-oate.
to further improvements. The radio
compass on shipboard Is still ex-
detrimental and is being studied, but
the shore instrument is retiapie
within it's limits. according 10 otnciai
documents of the bureau of engineer
ing of the Navy.
The radio compass Is a loop an
tenna mounted to rotate on its ver-
tical axis and connected to any suit
able tuning and detecting apparatus.
When a ship sends in it's signal ask
ing for its location or direction from
the known and charted station, the
plane of the antenna frame is turned
until the maximum of the sound of
the signal lis caught; II is then
broadside with the line on which that
sound is travelling, though 1t cannot
tell from which end OF that line the
sound is coming. Then the antenna
Is turned until the edge of the frame
la on that line. That gives the mini
mum sound, because the range OF the
minimum Is narrower and sharpe r
and more accurate than the Droao-
side catching the maximum.
y y X X
The weakness of the instrument is
it's inability to tell from which end
of the line of sound the signal is
coming; it can only tell the line of
direction, as expressed by compass
degrees. For example, if signal
from ship is determined to be
coming along a line of direction, It
may be that the answer will be wire
less, "You bear $40 degrees" That
may mean also that the ship being
south of the station instead of north
would "bear' the complementary
$50 degrees" being opposite on the
| mariners compass. The ship nayi-
gator should then know by his own
Evening star., 1923-10-01
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HAsKIN

.. Where can ! get speeches de-
livered by our late President Harding
on his trip to Alaska?-L. r. s.
A. The White House says that the
speeches made by President Harding
In his western trip are in process of
publication and will be published by
the White House. @
@. Will you kindly inform me as
to the exact number of representa-
tfves who will sit in the Congress
that will convene next December?-
w. r. T.
A. In the Sixty-efghth Congress
there will be AS representatives and
SO senators.
@. Where is the deepest spot in
Lake Michigan?-C. J.
/ A. The United States lake survey
says that the greatest recorded depth
of Lake Michigan is $40 feet, located
at about longitude SO degrees 45 min
utes. latitude A degrees 80 minutes.
This Is probably not the maximum
depth, but is the deepest water
shown by soundings on lines across
the lake spaced variously from eight
to forty miles apart.
O.. What metal shows the least
expansion and contraction with heat
and cold?-A. D. L.
A. Which one has the lowest aex-
pansfon or contraction has not been
determined definitely. Tungsten and
molybdenum are among the metals
having low coefiicients Of expansion,
which are approximately equal to
one-half of the coefficient of iron.
However, there is an alloy of nickel
and tron--usually called invar, con-
sr.Er, ~, tai ~ t1~a%
has a very low expansion at ordinary
temperature.
Q. What is the curvature of the
earth per mile?-E. W. A.
A. The Naval Observatory says the
measure of the curvature of the earth
is approximately eight inches per
mile.
@. How many newspapers are cur
rent in the Library of Congress?
d. NJ.
A. According to the librarians re-
port of 1922, there are 796 newspapers
in the Library of Congress. of which
664 are published in the United States
and 132 in foreign countries.
@. Which one of wagner's operas
was the most popular during his
lifetime?-L. L. r.
A. A letter written by Wagner and
dated Bayreuth. 1871. stated that
'Lohengrin'' and "Tannhauser'' had
been performed the greatest number Of
times and had proved most remuner-
ative.
Q. What is the proper procedure
Of a best man in regard to the
handling of the wedding ring?--
T. /. l..
A. The, best man carries in his
right-hand waistcoat pocket the
wedding ring and in his left-hand
pocket the fee for the clergyman. He
Joins the groom in the room set aside
for their use and walks with him to
the spot where the marriage is to
take place. The best man stands one
pace behind the bridegroom. Antici-
pating the moment that the ring is
to come into requisition, he advances
and places il in his friends hand, and
at the conclusion of the ceremony,
handing the groom his hat and
gloves, the best man slips the en-
velope containing the fee into the
clergyman's hand.
@. Please give information regard
ing schoolshfps.-D. L. d.
A. The bureau of navigation of the
Navy Department says that all school
ships are under the direction of the
State Department and come under
government jurisdiction. Only three
states have scholarships. MasSachu-
setts, New York and Pennsylvania.
Evening star., 1923-10-01
Noises of Nighttime.
Should Be flushed in City.
Observes Write
To the Editor OF The Star;

To the Editor OF Tue STAR s.
Everything possible should he done
to prevent unnecessary. noises IN
city especially during the most inn
portant sleeping hours, to wit, from
midnightAto ana.
Street. cars running all night make
a noise that seems terrific during
those hours when Is per cert Of the.
people are trying to sleep. There
would be no hardship in stopping the
street cars at midnight and using y
comparatively noiseless bus line until
am. 1T is not at all necessary TO
have bread and milk wagons making
deliveries during those hours The
bread is baked the day before any
how, and the milk is brought from
the dairy farm many. hours earlier.
A regulation suld be adopetd for
bidding whistling, loud talking. and
singing on the streets. during those
hours One person on the street at
3 am. bewailing the banana def
cheney wakes the entire population.
THOS. w. GILMER.
Evening star., 1923-10-01
The Third Party Plans.

To nominate or not to nominate
candidate for President in 1924. That
is the question which is exercising
leading lights in the farmer-labor
party. Senator Mag1lus Johnson of
Minnesota, at a convention of the
American labor party in New York
yesterday. suggested that it might be
rrcll for the farmer-laborites to con-
tinue during the next four years per-
r.cting their state organizations in
preparation for the big push which
has the White House as it's objective.
Morris Hillquit. on the other hand,
asserted without reservation that the
farmer-l labor party would be powerful
enough to nominate its own ticket in
1924--undoubtedly meaning that it
also would be powerful enough to
elect it.
There is a vas, difference between
nominating a candidate for President
and electing him. however, as Senator
Johnson appears to realize. There
have been other candidates for the
presidency i'm the field beside those of
the republican and democratic parties
for many years. including the pro-
hibitionist candidate, the socialist and
the labor party, SO called. In 1912
there was a big split in the repub-
lican party and the rise Of the bull
moose. But even with a Roosevelt
at the head of the third party the
supremacy of the old parties was not
overturned.
Senator johnson said in his speech
in New York. however. that IL the
republicans In 1924 nominate a
"standpatterH for President. and the
democrats go and do likewise, the
farmer.labor party should be strong
F..
Evening star., 1923-10-01

| @. How can snakes be charmed by
music, since they have no ears?--
d. o. c.
A. Snakes have no external sars,
but complicated internal apparatuB
exists SO that snakes hear well and
are affected by musical sounds. Ger
tain feats of the snake charmer de-
pend upon knowledge of the nature
and peculiarities of the reptile.
Many species like music: to the sound
of the flute they will rise and sway
the upper part of the body. which rests
upon the spiral formed by the lower half.
The asp has no external ear and u
deaf to whistling or the sound of the
pipe. but Its glance can be attracted
TO moving object and II will roi-
low the rhythmical movement The
oriental snake charmer is reputed to
have the power of removing serpents
from the vicinity OF houses by Turing
them out of their holes by magic
words and music.
Q. Where is the Salon Of the
Streets" held in Paris?-D. P. G.
A. This is held in the Place Con-
Stain -Picquer in Montmartre. The
salon" is held under the auspices of
| the mayor of the commune of Mont
martre.
O.. Why were crosses OF light dis
played in New York skyscrapers
| about six weeks ago?-W. G. IL
1 A. On the night OF August 8 this
sign of mourning for President Hard
| ing was displayed through the efforts
Of the Building Managers and Own
F! ers' Association.
@. How many of the seaforth
! Highlanders served in the war;
| .. c. II.
A. His royal hiehness the Prince
| of wales said in recent address that
| $4,000 Seaforths served in the war
and S;432 did not return.
@. Where are the most cliff dwell
! ings situated?-M. K.
A. The most remarkable Of the
many ruins of prehistoric cliff dwell
ings are included within the Mesa
Verde National Park. reservation of
some $4,000 acres in Montezuma
county, southwestern Colorado.
@. Did the watermelon originate in
this country?-H. E.
A. The watermelon is a native OF
tropical and southern Africa, whence
it has been introduced by man into
all tropical. subtropical and many
temperate climates.
O. Is there a cribbage hand that
will be improved by whatever card
is turned as starter?-G. A. G.
A. With a hand consisting of the
that may be turned from the ace TO
the five. inclusive. will make new
| runs. while any card turned from the
six to the ten, inclusive, will make
! ffteens.
Q. How does the Palestine OF to-
| day compare with the home of the
Jews in Bible times?-G. NJ. S.
A. The Palestine over which Great
Britain has been given mandate
contains 1924 square miles. The.
Kingdom of David" was nearly three
times as large.
@. Why do more explosions occur
in mines in the fall than at other
times of year?-B. Mem.
A. The bureau of mines says that
in bituminous mines most explosions
occur in the fall or winter when the
humidity of the mine air is very low
and mines become dusty. Under these
conditions a small gas explosion or
blown-out shot will cause a serious
coal dust explosion.
fThe Star Information Bureau fcfH
dns,cer pour question. GtUe your full
name aud address and send pour
query to The Star Information Bn-
Teap, Frederic J. HdSkin. director.
| 1920 North Capitol street. Inctose
| 2 cents in stamps for return post
| d0e)
Evening star., 1923-10-01
Commissioners and the Estimates.

The argument which the District
Commissioners will make to the d.
rector Of the budget in support Of the
supplemental estimates will be hard
to answer. 1t is believed by local tax
payers that the estimates are fair and
reasonable, and that they contemplate
a very moderate expenditure toward
meeting immediate needs and making
a beginning on projects which are in
the interest of the people and for
which they stand ready to pay their
share.
Early in the summer the Commits
sioners received from the budget bu-
reau notification that economy must
be kept in mind. This notification was
passed on to heads of District depart.
ments, and the thought Of economy
was before every subordinate official
having to do with the preparation of
tentative estimates. When the depart
ment estimates came under considera-
tion by the Commissioners they were
pared down to total of $32,000,oO0.
That was considered the 'irreducible
minimum"
When that schedule of estimates
was submitted to the budget bureau
the Commissioners were notified that
the estimates for next year should not
exceed S25, 100000, but that if there
were urgent items impossible Of inclu.
sion in estimates limited to that sum
such items might be submitted in
supplementary schedule and would be
given consideration. The original esti.
mates were reduced by something over
$1,000 900, and the District budget Of
ficer has shown that after making
allowance for trust and special funds
the total allowance for appropriations
proper would be only S23.ST7.9 $50"
That sum would be below the appro.
priations for the current year.
The original estimates make no pro.
vision for increase in fire and police
protection. though the city has grown
and is growing at a pace without
precedent in local annals. No pro-.
vision is made for new apparatus or
for reserve apparatus to replace equip
ment put out of service by accident
and wear and tear" Estimates for
beginning installation Of high-pres-
sure system were not included in the
original schedule, though the mass
of citizens urged this as one Of the
needs of the city. Plans for sewer and
water extension to new parts OF the
city We're cut out and school estimates
were reduced from something like
$4,000, 900, to $1,000, 900. Plans for re-
paving old and paving new streets
were set aside. Estimates for begin
ming work on new street-lightfnE
system were cut out. Water front and
park extension projects were passed
over.
The supplementary estimates, being
those cut from the original schedule,
total s7,103000, and it is in support
of these that the Commissioners will
appear before the director of the bud
get. With that sum the District could
make some progress. Without it there
can be no extension of governmental
activity in the Capital. OF that 81
100000 the District taxpayers have
already paid or are paying into the
Treasury their GO per cent proportion.
The extension Of government func-
tions and new public work contem-
plated under the supplementary sched.
ule must be done. and il is unreason-
able to postpone it. We might as we'll
do today what must be done tomor-
row. There is economy in doing it
now.
Evening star., 1923-10-01
SHOOTING STARS.
By pHILANpER JOHNSON.

BIZ PHILANDER JOHNSON.
The Way OF the Transgressor.
Johnny Blinn,
With comic care,
Bent a pin
On Willie's chair.
Willie howled
With pain severe.
Teacher scowled
And said, Come herei
Manners fair
You plainly lack a
Don't you dare
To answer back"
He was whipped.
And Johnny Blinn
Grinned and slipped
Another pin.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

The vast assemblages in honor OF
Bishop Freeman disprove the repeated
assertions that in order to attract
large crowds an occasion must be
frivolous. There is vast public for
the most serious forms of interest
when that interest is intelligently and
sincerely interpreted.
Evening star., 1923-10-01
Weighty Words.

did your words have any weight
with the masses?''
''It looks cheerlessly that way" an
swered Senator Sorghum. THE boys
are saying it was one of the heaviest
little speeches / ever made"
Evening star., 1923-10-01
A New Difficulty.

81 understand Crimson Gulch is 60.
ing to have a base ball team"
I'VE tried it, said Cactus Joe, "but
we couldn't get enough players. Most
Of the boys is naturally SO scrappy
they wanted to be umpire or nothin'."
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Physicians who say a man ought
not to play golf after he is fifty years
old are either too young to speak from
experience or have passed the half
century mark without really learning
the game.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Students at Yale University and
other institutions are reminded that
they are expected to study the United
States Constitution, paying particular
attention to the. eighteenth amend
ment.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

A California doctor says he has a
drug which he says will release the
primitive impulses from the uncon-
scious mind and transform d man into
q savage. Why trouble science about
so ordinary a process? Bootleg liquor
does the same thing.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Berlin must admit that disorder is
inevitable when conditions invite every
individual 10 think he could improve
on the way the government is being
conducted.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Though invited to express himself
freely in print as thoughts arise. Presi.
dent Coolidge is evidently determined
to compliment Congress by reserving
his best ideas for his message.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

So much world publicity has been
given to the crowded conditions at
Ellis Island that it may at least be
assumed that anybody who insists on
being United States immigrant has
been warned in advance.
Evening star., 1923-10-01
Art and Nature.

A people by dissension struck
Exclaimed, 'We revel in hard luck.
We have no earthquakes ready-made
Let's wreck the land without their
aidr"
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Earthquakes continue to he felt in
Japan. Some Of them would in times
past have been regarded as serious,
but now they are only unpleasant re-
minders.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Jud Tunlins says. judging by what
you hear of movie salaries you can't
tell whether a girl is stage-struck or
only avaricious.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Many Investigations are slow, but in
Oklahoma it takes one a long time
even to get started.
Evening star., 1923-10-01
Large Investment.

my face is my fortuner' quoted the
deliberate charmer.
"I can appreciate the fact an
swered Miss Cayenne. "These beauty
treatments are terribly expensive"
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Troubles of the motorist have gotten
beyond the housing problem. There is
not even space for the fiivver to stand
in the open
Evening star., 1923-10-01

It's q pity" said Uncle Eben, you
can't put brains into machinery. A lot
o. collisions would be avoided IL a
fiivver had sense enough to pick it,
own driver"
Evening star., 1923-10-01
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning
edition, 10 delivered by carriers within the city
at go cents per month: daily only, 10 cents per
month: Sunday only, 20 cents per month. Or
ders may be sent by mail telephone Main
5000. Collection Is made by carriers at the
end Of each month.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

fThe Star Information Bureau icfH
dns,cer pour question GtUe your full
name aud address and send pour
query to The Star Information Bn-
rean, Frederic J. HdSkin, director.
1920 North Capitol street. IncIose
2 cents in stamps for return post
d0e.) 4
Evening star., 1923-10-01
Rate by Mail-Payable i'm Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia.
All Other States.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled
TO the use for republication OF all news dis
patches credited to II or not otherwise credited
In this paper and also the local news pub
lished herein. All rights of publication OF
special dispatches herein also reserved.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

Q. Why were crosses OF light dis
played in New York skyscrapers
about six weeks ago?-W. G. II.
/, A. On the night OF August 8 this
sign of mourning for President Hard
ing was displayed through the efforts
Of the Building Managers and Own
ers' Association.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

0. Where is the Salon Of the
Streets" held in Paris?-D. P. G.
A. This is held in the Place Con-
Stain Picquer in Montmartre. The
salon" is held under the auspices of
the mayor of the commune of Mont
martre.
Evening star., 1923-10-01

tCopyrght, 1923. In T. s. and Great Britain
W N0r'n hmerisan s Newspaper Alliance.
New Britain herald., 1923-09-17
C. OF c. OPPOSED TO
R, R. CONSOLIDATION
Votes Opposition TO Absorp-
tion of New England
Lines by Trunk Road

Al meeting OF the chamber Of
commerce directors this noon, II was
voted to oppose consolidation OF New
England railroads with outside. lines.
This upholds the report of the Nor
row investigation committee which re-
Gently completed comprehensive
analysis of the railroad situation In
New England and filed report In
which the development of the lines In
this part of the country was favored
In preference 10 their absorption by
any of the trunk lines. The Morrow
report also recommended the appoint
ment of trustees by the state TO ham
die the affairs of the New Haven"
road. Whether this subject was dis
cussed at the chamber OF commerce
meeting today Is not known. Another
recommendation In the report was
that the states in which the New Ha-
ven" lines run should assist IL when
its business was bad.
The chamber directors also went on
record in favor of the amendment to
the Connecticut constitution by
which the governor could veto speci-
fic items in an appropriation bill with
out destroying the entire bill. Liter
ature bearing on this subject and ap-
proving of the adoption of the consti-
tutional amendment is now being dis
tributed by the Connecticut chamber
Of commerce.
New Britain herald., 1923-09-17
ALLIED KARSEiLPS WILL BE
GIVEN SALUTE WEDNESDAY,,
THUS ENDING WAR 7HREA rs
MAYOR URGES STUDY
OF THE CONSTITUTION
Zip Service Not Enough" "
Paonessa Says in
Proclamation

In a proclamation issued today oVeI
his signature. Mayor raonessa re'
quests and urges 'all people 10 read
aud study the Constitution OF oui
country 10 the end that patriotism
may bo increased, loyalty deepened
and zeal for the common welfare pro
NOTED and intensified, thus carrying
into our daily lives the principles OF
truth. honor justice and righteous
ness"
The proclamation was Issued 10
usher In Constitution Week" which
In being observed throughout The
country. II follows:
ITO the People OF New Britain
"on the nth day OF September. one
hundred thirty-six years ago. the Con-
stitution of the United States was
adopted. BY that instrument a new
form of government was established.
BY virtue of that Constitution. and
the laws issuing Hereunder. We are
enjoying a government of. for and by
the people.
Each persons when admitted as a
citizen. on his oath, pledges to support
that Constitution. The blood and sac
ritices of hundreds Of thousands Of
citizens can testify how well that
oath has been kept.
"A duty of good citizenship is re-
quired of all persons. Lip service is
not enough. Loyalty of heart, and
mind, and hand, must be rendered to
the support of our government and
its laws.
'In order that the blessing we are
enjoying may be transmitted to the
future generations all our people are
required not only to know the con-
tents of that most wonderful of hui
man documents, but also to live as
good citizens, by maintaining respect
for the laws and the Constitution.
Nov i, as mayor of the city of
New Britain, during this anniversary
week of its birth, request and urge
all people to read and study the Con-
stitution of our country to the end
that patriotism may be increased, 10y
atty deepened, and zeal for the COM
mon welfare promoted and intensified.
thus carrying into our daily lives the
of truth, honor, justice and
Dated at New Britain this nth
lay Of September, A. d., 1928.
"A. NJ. PAONESSA.
Mayor"