, 1923-07-24
TURKS GRANTED
CONCESSIONS IN
PACT, REMAIN AS
BRIDGE To EAST
Constantinople Retained
by Ottoman; Armenian
Problem Unsettled and
Nationals Are Adrift.

MOSANNE, July "a
IBy The Associated Press).-
The Lausanne peace treaty
formally establishing peace
between the European powers
and Turkey was signed today.
The treaty was signed at a15
so'ciork this afternoon.
The general treaty formally ending
fthe state Of war, was signed by Great
britain, France. Italy, japan, Greece.
Rumania and Turkey.
Juso slavta announced at the Inst
sninute her refusal to sign on the
ground that to do so would be harm
snnl to her national interests. The
treaty distributes the Ottoman debt
among countries like Jugo Slavia,
which acquired parts Of the former
OTTOMAN empire.
Jugo Slavia maintains that she an
Enezed her former Turkish territory
as the result OF the Balkan wars and
mot IA a. consequence of h general
European or Turco-G Greece wars. She
tprefers therefore TO abide by the
treaties of London and Bucharest
(which fixed the political status of
kfhe Ballans. She has agreed to ne
Esotiate directly with tho European
Epowers regarding her possible re.
1sponsibfity, in -connection@w with the
fdHbt.
The general treaty { cornprfses 14s
articles. divided into five ~parts-pollt-
peal, financial, economic. communica-
sftons n general clauses.
The commercial section sttpulntss
tthe application OF the Turkish tariff
l3naugurated in 1916. multiplied by a
tooefficient corresponding to the de.
probation Of the Turkish currency.
The great mount Of work done by
the near Dast pence conference, of
which tho peace signed today Is the
outcome. fl indicated by the number
of documents which It produced. In
addition to the general treaty these
include tho convention setting up the
regime for the Turkish straits, to
which Russia n Bulgaria adhere.
and a separate agreement on the
Efronters of Thraoe, Commercial and
tconoeasions. minorities. judicial safe
eEuards for foreigners and documents
ply which Belgium and Portugal ad-
Ihsresto certain parts of the treaty.
LAUSANNE. July 24.-cThe Asso-
E6tnted PressABy the treaty of Lau-
ersanne. which was signed today, Tur-
key regnins eastern Thrace and be-
lcomes tho bricxe between the east
and the west She joins the league Of
lnntions in the footing of equality.
Co~nstantinople goes definitely to
Turkey.
All foreign troops WIN be with
tdrawn.
The treaty makes peace between
iGreece. and Turkey.
1t permits the ~patriarrh Of the
Greek orthodox church to remain in
fcOnstautinople.
It launches one OF t5e~most stu-
pendous and in somo ways the most
cruel human movements in history by
its compulsory exchange OF popula-
zion. the Greeks in Turkey returning
TO Greece md the Turks in Greece re-
Stunning to Turkey.
It fails TO solve tho Armenian prob
fem. Armenans being Obliged to find
new Ravens.
1t reduced Turkey stse by IT'S rec
ognition of detached inundated stntes
lnke Syria Mesopotamia and Pales-
zine.
With one stroke of the pen II rids
Turkey Of judicial capftuiations such
AS min vainly sought to accomplish
for itself at Washington and which
japan achieved only after two dec
ades Of struggle.
In only one way is Turkey treated
differently from other countries, for
eign legal advisers Will DO empowered
TO receive complaints relating to ar.
rests and Imprisonment OF foreign
crs.
The American diplomatic represen-
~tntives, headed by Joseph G. Grew.
minister to Switzerland, were promi-
,nent in nj the sessions Of the confer
lenoe- AS observers they played a dom.
~ifnatdng role in the last phases.
Attempts TO gain preferential treat
l5nent in the future Of economic con-
tracts for foreign companies were de-
l6eated as was also the efforts to val
'idate disputed British concessions IN
the petroleum fieles of Mesopotamia.
Turkey has been at wnr for II conae-
cutive years and conclusion of the
Lausanne negotiations gives her sole
ly needed opportunity for n period
OF national reconstruction and dovel-
ppment.
Turkey, although vunquisi1ed IN the
world war as an ally of Germany.
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