davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-09-18
Financing Eurone.

The United States is doing it's bit in
the rehabilitation of Europe in the
most practical, way in the world.
through dollars and cents. Secretary
Hoover of the Department of Com
merce has revealed the fact that there
was huge world balance against this
country when all the factors are con-
sidered in 1922, and that this balance
promises to be much larger in 1923.
For the first time detailed study
has been made, through the DEPART
ment of Commerce, to ascertain just
what the credits and debts of this
country are in connection with its
trade with. the world So-called "in-
visible" exports and imports of the
United States with the rest of the
world in 1922 have been considered,
and it is through them that the bal
ance was turned against this country.
For example, American tourists ex-
penditures abroad were estimated at
1856 100000, nearly all of which was
expended in Europe, and the sums
which immigrants sent home from
this country totaled $500, 900, 600. New
foreign bond issues in the United
States amounted to $637, 900, 200, and
foreign securities issued abroad, but
sold to the United States. were valued
at s326. .0o0, 900.
In the matter of visible exports and
imports the balance in 1922 was IA
vorable to the United States by $754,-
100000. But Secretary Hoover esti-
mated that when all the other items
of expenditure were taken into con-
sideration the balance against the
United States reached at least $685.
100000. and possibly much higher. In,
1923 the balance of trade in the mat
ter of visible exports and imports has
swung the other way. At the end of
the first six months of the year the
balance favored Europe by $141 ,o0o,-
600, and the prospects are that the
year will close with the balance in
merchandise still against this country.
The number of tourists abroad this
year has been very great, and there
is reason to believe that immigrants
Evening star., 1923-09-18
Still Smashing Records.

If the st. Louis air'meet next month
develops speeds In proportion to those
scored in the preliminary flights at
Mineola fhere will be some tremen-
dous record breaking. Within a week
four new speed records have been
''hung up" at Mineola, where govern,
ment flyers have been preparing for
the competitions. Lieut.. l., III. Sander
son started it with a flight of 23S miles
an hour. This point was broken by
Lieuts. Brow and Williams. the latter:
making 255, and yesterday Sanderson
came back with a new record of 259
miles, or twenty-one better than his
world speed of a week ago. OF course,-
it is not assured that these speeds will
be repeated at st. Louis, but there is
good reason to expect that they will
be, and. indeed, that, tuned to best
performances, the planes entered
there will do even better. This ST.
Louis meet may go INTO history as
marking the highest point in aviation.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
Gasoline Reduction.

The small reduction in the price of
gasoline in the District will slightly
lower the cost of operation of about
100000 motor cars. The reduction is
not enough to encourage extravaganza
in the use of gasoline, and is so slight
that many persons will scarcely notice
it. The small price cut is interesting
to the public, not because it is SUBJ
stantial reduction. but because it is a
start downward and may point the
way to materially lower prices.
There is much about the gasoline
situation which the patrons who sup
port, the oil companies do not know,
but efforts are making by many Of
them to improve their education.
Gasoline is selling in some states at
IL and Is cents. a gallon, while here
the price has ranged for long time
close to 25 cents. Freight rates do not
account for the difference in price in
various parts of the country. Gas
scared when the war came on. and, of
course, we were. treated to essays on
Tie lIlCI cdScu uSIudHQ lOF gas. Gas
and many other things went up a
great deal more than the demand.
When the war was done the price did
not drop. but had very gentle de-
cline, and we were overwhelmed with
statistics dealing with the marvellous
rate Of car production. Car produc-
tion is great. -
The price of gas may be all right,
but the matter will bear investigation.
Delegates from a great number OF mo-
tor clubs will meet at Cleveland to dis.
cuss the situation, and even if they do
not find out much about it they will
give a strong impulse to the spirit
of investigation. Inquiry into the
gasoline situation has been under
taken or is proposed in several states,
and very likely there will be an in.
.vestigation by the national govern
ment. with the probable result that
we shall have federal supervision over
Evening star., 1923-09-18

work against the blue must be
thrilled with a just pride in belong
ing to race that can create on such
a scale, even though she may prove
to be fizZle at fighting. The lesson
of the eclipse is that we are puny
bipeds on a second-rate planet in an
inferior constellation. The lesson of
the ZR-1 is that we are lords Of cre-
alton to whom nothing worth while
is impossible. providing our hands.
hearts and minds weary not in we'll
doing" In this latter connection,
however. the New York Times won
ders when comparison will be pos
sible between this craft and the ZR-a
soon to come from Friedricnshaven,
because lit is reported that the Ger.
man builders have been at great pains
to turn out a dirigible superior to
the product of the Lakehurst shop.
With these two. ships in it's posses
sion the United States Navy will take
the lead in what may be called dread
naughtS of the air, and the nation
will be in a fair way TO outstrip the
rest of the world in commercial air
ship transportation"
Evening star., 1923-09-18

with every new issue or money. The
increase in the note circulation In
which issues treasury bills In eX-
change for bank notes, and in addi-
tion leads to the depreciation OF the
currency. Initiation is theft by the
The nation as whole is neither
richer nor poorer as result or the
increase of note circulation, just as
In the case of the increase OF the
domestic debt. However, IN both
enriched at the expense of the wage
earning, salaried and bondhoiding
classes.
BY 1920 the wholesale index hgure
was standing at 3o7, as against 100
In 1914. Let us suppose that IN June,
1914, an Englishman died, leaving
$4,000 of life insurance to his wife
and three small children. She. on the
recommendation of reliable trust
company, reinvests her money in a
splendid high grade municipal bond
maturing in 1920. netting 4 per cent
interest. The transaction is complet-
ed and she received her @ money In
only get 5000 worth of goods in
1920. For her industry and thrift she
loses $1,000. This is not overdrawn
II is a true illustration of what has
happened in every part OF England
But it Is clear enough to show US
that the danger 20 a well balanced
society in times of war is not always
enemies without. Some o. the most
Insidious ones work quietly within,
and OF all enemies within nation
during such times imitation is the
most disastrous.
Since the war England has been
trying to regain her lost ground. She
has tried defation She has de-
creased her paper currency from the
high mark by almost 20 per cent, or
S44e, 100000. But IL has been accom-
panied by the worst industrial depres-
bankruptcies. many suicides, great
failures, increasing unemployment:
The English social and industrial or
der has been shaken to it's very foun-
dation. The wageworkers today, the
second most powerful political group
in England. demand a reduction of
the domestic debt by capital levy
on swollen fortunes. They declare
they cannot support the overhead tax
and main tain decent standard OF
Unemployment government doles now
equal s1,000,000 a day. The num-
Der of men and women out OF work
has; increased 100, coo during the past
thirty days as this is written, and
winter Is coming. So is hunger and
suffering and death. The govern
ment, harassed by the Ruhr invasion
and the breakdown of international
trade, is faced with the greatest prob
lem ever faced by a great power.
How can she come back?
Next: II Britain Is to Live.
iCopyright, 1928. in United States and Great
Britain by North American Newspaper
Alliance. All rights reserved.l
Evening star., 1923-09-18
The League Still Lives.

Mussolini's reputation of the league
of nations has placed the council of
that body at Geneva in most difficult
position, the embarra ssment of which
was illustrated yesterday at a meet.
ing at which Lord Robert Cecil under
took to show that no failure had oc-
CURED to the end of permitting in.
ternational conflict. The league, he
said. has no mission to secure victory
for one side or the other, "or even a
victory for the league" No one.' he
urged, doubted the competency of the
league, but all wanted a settlement,
and the:real thing to do was to bring
the parties together and secure that
settlement. The council had fulfilled
its full duty in the affair. 1t had not
rushed in madly. insisting upon the
leagues right to intervention, but
had calmly, in observance of the
fundamental aim of the covenant. col
laborated with the council of ambas-
sadors and had secured an anicabl
settlement.
In other words, the league did not
come through, but let another agency
settle the case. 1t was most fortunate.
that there was another agency TO ef-
feet a settlement, for the league was
in a position in which. unless it
confessed impotence and inability
at the start, it would have had
to rush in" madly or otherwise,
if the ambassadors had not been will
ing to render decision in favor OF
Italy without investigation. The
league was repudiated by one Of its
members. It saved its face by refrain.
ing from insisting upon its preroga-
tive. To use a colloquialism, it passed
the buck"
There was in this situation much
more important matter at issue than
the question between Italy and
Greece, and that was the competency
of the league to exact the compliance
Of its members with its clearly defined
jurisdiction. And in avoiding that is
sue the league left the matter to
political decision. That decision may
have been correct. Time may show
that in the Albanian murders Greece
was definitely responsible. The indg-
ment rendered at Paris. however. was
not based upon knowledge of the
facts, but upon ItaIy's accomplished
advantage in the seizure of Corfu,
with the slaughter of innocent people,
and upon a fear of other drastic ac-
tions.
No apologies for the need of avoid
ing friction and evading the issue of
competency will render less marked
the surrender at Geneva when the
Italian-Greek conflict was yielded to
the council OF ambassadors The
league still remains intact, but un-
questionably weakened in prestige.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

gasctine-producing companies. 1t. Is d.
big question. ... - 49, -. =
The bureau of public reads recently
announced that there are more than
1s.ooo,0o0 motor cars in the United
States, or about one car to every two
families in the country. We have o
hundred thousand cars irr the District,
with a population Of something more
than 100000. In California there are
as many automobiles as there are
families, and in Iowa, Nebraska, South
Dakota and Kansas there is an auto
mobile to every five persons.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HAskIN

@. Where is the first statue erected
to George Washington?-J. r.
A, The first monument erected to
George Washington is in Charles
street. Baltimore. Md,
q Wien a forsigner applies for. a
United States patent can he use his
own language AZ, r.. II -
A.. When an application is made
for United States patent, all data
must be submitted In the English
language. - 81
Q. Is 1t true that wireless meg
sages can be received from a. greater
distance at night than in the day
A. A wireless message can be re-
ceiyed from a far greater, distance at
night. especially If the message is
sent over water. The air at night is
damper and is. therefore, better
conductor. :
Z Q. Is a''mans military education
complete when he finishes at West
Point?-R. c. B.
A. West Point is but the begin
ming of education in the Army. Each
of the services has continuing schools
of growing breadth and usefulness.
The Army War College is in Wash
ington. D. c.. while the Naval War
College is at Newport, r. /. There
are many other schools where in
struction in special branches of war
science is given, "a,
Q. Is compressed air more buoyant
than ordinary air?-F. INV.
A. The bureau. of standards says
that compressed air is not SO buoyant
as common air. The advantage of
using compressed air in diving suits
submarines, etc, is that IL keeps the
water from leaking in and permits
lighter construction of the contatner.
@. Does a ight-co1ored cigar
wrapper indicate a mid cigar!-
L. G. b.
A. The tobacco used in wrapping
q cigar does not disclose its Internal
makeup.
Q. What is tho number of women
in the United States belonging to
federated women's clubs?-F. NJ. j.
A. The latest published member
ship of the General Federation or
women's Clubs is 100000.
Q: What makes mercury break
into drops or pieces?-S. B..
A. Mercury being a liquid has
surface tension. 1t also adheres to
very few substancts. This surface
tension, the same thing that makes
raindrops round, tries to make the
mass OF mercury form itself into as
small s- shape as possible and causes
Evening star., 1923-09-18

IL to break UP into quantity OF
semi-spherical and oval masses,
Water or any liquid would do the
same If it did not adhere to sub-
stances. -
originate?~zL. g.
"a A. Hurnaflies originated in yarious
ways. Originally Individuals were
only known by their Christian names
when certain Distinguishing names
began to be added. Some surnames
are descriptive OF the place of resi-
denee of some ancestor. others refer
10 some popularity either in charac-
ter or dress. Surnames were legally
recognized in England by the statute
of additions, passed during the reign
of Henry V-w13S7-1422.
O.. What win remove rust from
skates?-N r. II.
A. To remove rust from skates
rub them with a piece of emery paper
that has been dipped in turpentine
Polish well with fresh piece of
emery paper.
V. L. Med.
A. 1t rises in the okcfinokee
swamp in southern Georgia, flows
through Florida. emptying into the
Gulf of Mexico.
@. Where is the Mesabo range OF
mountains?-J. a. w.
A. Mesabe range is in northern
Minnesota Strictly speaking. II IS
not composed of mountains, the ex-
treme elevation being 1900 feet. The
Mesabe. the Vermillion and Guyana
ranges. all in Minnesota, produee.
more iron ore than any other dis
trict in the world.
o. When was the first glee club.
formed al. r.
A.. In 17s7>a "glec club" was,
formed ir1s London which fiourishea
'untilsl 1867. ASince this style of music,
which was peculiar TO England, was
not written until the middle Of the
eighteenth century, this glee club
was probably the first of any impor-
tance.
O. Who was the first Emperor Of
China?-D. NJ. L.
A. The first Emperor of China OF
whom any detailed account is given
is Fu-hi, whose lifetime tradition
fixes as being about 2S52-273S &. C..
(Hape you question you 10aut
nrsI0eredP Send 1t to the Star irfor-
nation Bureau, Frederic J. Hdsktn,
director, 1890 North Capitol street rs
Giue poHr full name aud address and :
enclose 2 cents iR stamps for return
postdge)
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Fifty million dollars worth of road
construction is contemplated by Penn
sylvania. Motorists obliged to traverse
Philadelphia will wish that a portion
of the Nancy could be expended in the
neighborhood of the famous old, Mar
ket street ferry.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
Can Europe Hold Together?
V-England's Problems.
BY JOHN F. SINCLAIR.

England was king in the interna-
ttonal trade of the world in 1913.
Sixty-two per cent of her total trade
was with other countries. Her cur
rency was sound and infiexible. BY
this l mean her total governmental
expenditures were paid each year by
receipts from taxation She had
density of Ja71 people per square mile.
against 313 for Italy, 311 for Ger
many and 1sl tor France, yet In 1914
her per capita income was s243 as
against s112 in Italy. s146 in Ger
many and s1S5 in France. She had
then outstanding 223 millions Of dol
lars of bank notes and I44 millions
of dollars of gold reserve. In other
words. for every dollar of notes out
standing, she had-64 cents of gold to
pay with
During the war she increased her
circulating bank notes to $2,333, ,000,-
600. while her gold reserve was only
increased to s9Ss, ,000,0 600. To put it in
another way. her circulating bank
notes increased during the war ten
and one-half times, while the gold re-
serve Increased only 1t timesA For
every collar of bank notes outstand-
ing at the end of 1918, she had only
1652 cents in gold to pay with. On
July 81. 1914, the note circulation was
equal to $4,s4 for every person in
England. On October I5, 1919, it was
$50.62
What happened? with a far great
er increase of money than of goods.
the prices of articles went up and
the purchasing value of the money
went down. Taking the average
wholesale prices, in July. 1914. as 100,
we find that prices for the same ar
ticles averaged in 1918, at the close
of the war, 232. That Is 10 say, and
due chiefly to inflating the currency.
an article which cost s1oo in 1914.
cost $232 in 1918.
*% ~
In spite of the fact that England
during the war raised more money
than any other European belligerent
by taxation. still she was forced to
borrow money for II per cent of her
total war expenditures To put it
more concretely, Britain spent SAL
900.o00.0o0 exclusively for the war,
and raised so.OO0,ooo by taxation.
For every dollar spent for war. she
raised 23 cents from total taxes. The
difference, s34,17O, 600, 600. plus an
other $500, 600 900 for expenses of gov
'ernment other than for war. she
raised by borrowing money and by
initiating her currency.
How did she raise the $50, 1000, 600, 900,
81 per cent of which the mighty
moloch of war demanded?
% BY selling her liberty bonds
and increasing her national indebted
ness from 3.165. 100000 to $37, POI ,000.-
900, more than 1.l00 per cent.
(2l BY increasing her note issues, as
stated above. from s22S. e00.o 900 TO ST.
333, 900, ,o00
1t was easier to stop war than to
stop imitation. Prices continue to rise
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Pugilisn is improving. Two rounds
suffice to end a style OF battle that has
prolonged the agony to
degree that even the most enthusiastic
prize ring patrons found unpleasant.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Many vacationists could report a
better time if they had not been
obliged to spend so much of the sum-
mer reading about the anthracite
strike.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Compelling secret societies to dis
pense with DISCUSSES will deprive sew
eral of them of an element Of mys-
terry that constitutes their chief lure
to the joiner.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

If the dirigible is employed for arctic
explorations it can carry along enough,
witnesses to prevent any controversy
as to who was first to reach the north
pole. ...
Evening star., 1923-09-18

The present plans are not to encour-
age use of the Navy that might
cause some future prohibition commits
sior1er to aspire to the title of "ad.
miral."
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Uncle Sam demonstrates with fire.
quency that he can be generous with
his great wealth when it is applied to
a purpose that has behind it no sus-
picion of ulterior motive.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Having experienced revolt against
the monarchy Spain can at least pro-
vide enough news to give it a chance
at the first page, along with other
European governments.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

1t is too much to expect Gov.
Pinehot to work quite as fast in pro-
tecting the interests of the. fuel con-
sumner as he did in settling the strike.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

! German currency is being lavishly
counterfeited. 1t makes but little diff
ference to the ordinary citizen whether
he gets a genuine paper mark or a
cheap imitation.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Magnus Johnson shows himself an
adept in a difficult and important
political accomplishment. Wien he
likes he can be just as silent as any
body. ...-
Evening star., 1923-09-18

The number of rounds you get for
your money is one of the legitimate
elements of chance in a sporting con-
test.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

France and Germany are both weary
OF the Ruhr situation. Each is encour-
aged, however. by the hope that the
other is suffering the greater fatigue.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

A man of personal force and orig
inality, Mussolini nevertheless shows
strong tendency to indorse Gabriel
d'Annunzio Fiume policy.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
In a Few Words.

We must have theories of govern
ment, but we must make sure that they
are theories of government and not just
PREMIER MUSSOLINI.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

King Alfonso evidently recognizes
the fact that even monarch's useful
ness may depend on his ability to
adapt himself to new conditions.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

For many citizens the settlement of
the coal strike only serves to pass the
question of heat up to the janitor.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
Rate by Maii-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia.
An Other States.
Member or the Associated Press.

The Associated Press ~ exclusively entitled
70 fl'e use for republication of all news dis
patches credited to it OF not otherwise credited
In this paper ans also the local news pub
lished herein. All rights Of publication OF
special dispatches herein are also reserved.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

The question of whether the labor
union has a soul will have to be an
swered shortly just as surely as a few
years ago the country was talking about
the soulless corporation.
MRS. LAURA MILLER.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

The dirigible may not yet be quite
perfect. but it is behaving more de-
Gently than formerly.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

My experience with German banks
has led me to decide that the safest
place for my money is in a stocking
under the mattress of my bed.
CLARE SHERIDAN
Evening star., 1923-09-18

The Evening Star, with the Sunday movnlng
edition, is delivered by carriers within the city
.. 90 cents per month daily only. 46 cents per
mouth; sunday only, 20 cents per month. Or
ders may be sent by mail, or telephone Atatn
eogO; Collection is made BY carriers at the
end Of each MONTH
Evening star., 1923-09-18

The world is at the present time drift
ing into an era of hamor, an era of fun.
We have had our fill OF tragedy and
high-seriousness for the present and we
are about to enter into lighter period
of existence.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
SHOOTING STARS.
By PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Brotherly Love.
If you attempt to lead your fellow
man to reformation
The chances are that you'll have
neither cash nor admiration.
But get him in prize ring and then
hit him till he hollers,
And maybe you'll receive at least a
hundred thousand dollars.
If you attempt to prompt your fellow
man to erudition
The chances are that you will land in
an obscure position.
But get him in a prize ring and then
bar his solar plexus,
And maybe you will be renowned from
, Canada to Texas.
If you attempt to soothe your fellow
man with gentle phrases.
He turns away and follows up one on
the rougher ,crazes..
1t looks as if the way to do is biff him
when you meet him.
The more you try to win his love the
rougher you must treat him.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
H. G. WELLS.

All our governmental schemes are in
genious devices to make the world safe
for forty to sixty instead of for twenty
one. We regard youth as something to
be ruled, rather than developed
PROF, H. IT,. BAKER.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
The New Headache.

Convivial drinking has been. barred
Before and after dinner.
We get our headaches thinking hard
For ways to catch the sinner.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

The hope of the world today lies not
in a gold reserve but in orderly, peace
full Industry.
Evening star., 1923-09-18

IT may be necessary to adopt a twen-
tieth amendment to the Constitution to
regulate eating. Liquor traffic ever has
today is claiming more victims than
drunkenness ever did.
DR.. JOHN p. BUCKLEY.
Evening star., 1923-09-18
An Eye to the Picturesoue.

Didn't you object to that hostile
party from Snake Ridge wearing dis
'guises?"
NO." answered Cactus Joe. "The
disguises didn't make ,em any harder
to lick an .ruther improved their ap-
pearance.s -
Evening star., 1923-09-18

Every industry that ever got any
where at all has been little monarchy.
HENRY FORD. .