davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-11-20
Coal Strike Predicted.

Prediction of the most serious strike
in the bituminous section the country
has witnessed is credited to L. A.
Snead. who was assistant to the
United States fuel administrator dur.
ing the world war. 1t is to come off,
he says. in the spring. and will affect
IS per cent of the nations coal pro-
duction. He points out that there are
three major problems on which neither
the miners nor the operators will arbi-
trate-the wage question. the CHECK
off, system and the contention over
district versus national agreements.
This is a bad outlook, a deadlock,
because neither side will arbitrate,
holding steadfast in their stubborn
ness while industry lags for lack Of
fuel to run the mills and the trains.
The public ought to have some de-
fense against such a situation. Power
should be lodged somewhere to pre-
vent a whole nation paying the pen
atty for group conflict.
Both sides cannot be 100 per cent
I1Shl All iHe Colileitioii, ana edcn Slue
must have some foundation Of justice
upon which to rest. 1t is unthinkable
that they cannot find middle ground
upon which to come together and
compose their differences. Nationalist
tion OF the coal mines Is the last thing
the public wants. but 1t may have to
come as a last resort. That is what
the miners want
Evening star., 1923-11-20

parents could afford to send a son to
college and few colleges were open to
a daughter. Colleges have multiplied
so that 1t is necessary to send a son
or daughter only few squares or a
few miles from home. A college
course has come to be considered nee.
esslry or desirable for tens OF thou.
sands Of persons who never mean to
enter the old Learned professions,
and magnificent endowments have
brought the college course within
reach of practically every young per-
son who sincerely wishes to take 1t.
Opportunities for education are all
around us. Take Washington as a
conspicuous example. There are
schools, public and private. where let
ters are taught and young folk
grounded in. the fundamentals on
which education should be built. In
professional schools, colleges and uni
versities one may carry the educa-
tional process as far as it can be car
ried elsewhere in the world. With
the basis on which education should
and usually does rest, man can edu-
cate himself in almost any line. There
are libraries and lectures. II inter-
ested in law he can attend courts from
the lowest to the Supreme Court. He
can hear foremost lawyers from all
parts. He may listen to arguments
on the Constitution in the Supreme
Court and Congress. The law libra
ries of the Capital have no rivals in
the land. In the matter of medicine
and surgery it is the same. There are
great schools and big hospitals. The
Army Medical Museum and the med
ical libraries are unexcelled and per-
haps unequaled. In science, after or
in conjunction with schools. are pri-
vate and public laboratories, and
scientific bureaus with more men en-
gagged in astronomy, or bacteriology,
or chemistry. or paleontology than
elsewhere. There are probably more
lectures by men eminent in their lines
of thought than elsewhere in America.
If a man be interested in anthropology
or biology he may attend lecture after
lecture by men who are not simply
eminent in the classroom. but emf
nent In the sciences they discuss. Lee
lures on history, government. music.
art--on every subject-go on all the
time. In the public museums and the
galleries one may strengthen his edu-
cation at any point.
1t is believed that the opportunities
in Washington are not utilized by as
many persons as might be, and Edu-
cation week may arouse some Of them
to the chances they are letting slip.
Evening star., 1923-11-20
Hope for Deaf Seen.
Book, Adventures in Silence.
Gets Praise of Reader.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
Have you read Adventures in Si-
lence," by Herbert W. Collingwood"
1t should prove very interesting TO
every adult If any Of your readers
are seeking "a mission" in life, let
them read the book and then urge
every hearing person they know to read
1t and thus to realize the possible fate
that may be lurking not far away.
With rare human touch the author
writes as he would talk with you:
writing from the point of view OF one
whom fate led into the land OF silence
many years ago: a land that lies close
about us. yet is an unknown country to
many who are unconSclouSiy journey
ing thitherward.
In Mr.. Collingwood's case deafness
came on gradually. Thus his efforts 10
adapt himself to changed conditions
gently faced the disheartening outcome
and philosophically prepared for the
worst. But there are others, some OF
whom have found loss of hearing a ter
rifying calamity. He refers to some
whom Fate did not give them even a
chance to prepare"
There are many interesting anecdotes
and much practical philosophy pervades
every chapter.
Statistics would be out of place in
tics elsewhere; one physician holds that
25 per cent of all the people are hard
of hearing; another says 80 per cent;
and one physician holds that so per
cent of all the people in this country
have defective hearing in one ear If
not in both.
But though Mr. Collingwood presents
no statistics, the advocates Of the for
nation of conservation of hearing So
ciety will find his arguments for pre-
paredness of unusual value.
3s....sa FRED pELAND.
Evening star., 1923-11-20
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. RASKIN

@. In what city do people live long
est?-O. r.
A. Life tables based upon the 1925
| census show that in the fourteen cities
Of which statistics have been compiled
Washington, d. c.. leads. The expec-
tation Of life for white males in this
city is 53.83 years and for white females
1888 years.
Q. Is it easy to distinguish between
white gold and platinum?-R. C.
A. The geological survey says that 1t
Is difficult for any one except an ex-
pert to distinguish between them.
@. Which is the better pressure to
use in the rear tires of an automobile,
As pounds or 70 pounds?-A. NJ. W.
A. Using As or so pounds pressure in
for the occupants of the car. However
7O-pound Initiation Is better for the
tire and the tire will last longer with
this pressure.
@. How much poetry did Chaucer
write?-E. T. II.
A. Chaucer left about $4,000 lines OF
verse.
Q. Has Yellowstone Park more gey-
sers than any other place has?-R. n.
A. In this national park there are
more geysers than in all the rest OF the
world. 1t also contains boiling springs
mud volcanoes. petrified forests, a can
yon remarkable for gorgeous colorings
large lakes, waterfalls. vast wilderness
inhabited by deer. elk, bison. moose
antelope, bear and mountain sheep. II
is the greatest wild bird and animal
preserve in the world.
Q. In yachting what is meant by the
expression ''tacking"?-C. F. S.
A. Tacking means changing the
course Of the yacht by shifting the po-
sition OF its sails; advancing toward the
winds eye.
Q. How many clergymen are there
in the United States?-C. S.
A. There are about 10000 active
members OF the profession at present
@. Can an inventor devise an i'm
provement on a patented article and
patent that lmprovement?-J. H. G..
A. The patent office says 1t Is i'm
possible for an inventor to make an i'm
provement on an article which has al
ready been patented and to take out a
patent on his own idea without the
consent Of the original patentee or as
signee.
@. In case there should be such a
political split in state SO that two
sets of presidential electors would be
reported by rival state administrations
or officials, what would happen?--A G.
| A. In 1887 Congress enacted a. law
providing that each state under its OWL
| laws should designate a tribunal to de-
| termine the legality of its electoral
votes, but should no such tribunal have
been appointed in case of double re-
| turns the vote of the state is lost unless
| the two houses Of Congress agree as tc
which electoral votes from the state are
! the legal votes.
| @. Does lawyer have right to re.
! fuse to take a case?-A. y. NJ.
| A The thirty first article of the
| canon of ethics of the American Bal
| Association says: NO lawyer is obi.
| gated to act either as adviser or advo.
| cate for every person who may wish K
+, become his client"
/ Q. Which denomination has thu
! most churches in the United States
r. 3.
Evening star., 1923-11-20

Florence Nightingale and her sister
Parthenope. afterward' Lady Verney.
originally bore the patronymic. Of
William Shore and it was only after
inheriting the estates Of Lea Hurst.
beautiful place in Derbyshire, from
his maternal uncle, Peter Nightin-
gale. of the family of which Sir Ed
that be assumed, in accordance with
the terms of his relatives will. and
with the permission of the crown,
the name and the armorial bearings
of the Nightingale family. Florence
Nightingale and her sister owed their
Christian names to the fact that they
had been born. respectively, at Naples
and at Florence. Parthenope Night
ingale married the late Sir Harry
Verney. at whose ancestral home,
Clayton House. in Buckinghamshire.
Florence Nightingale spent much of
the eventide of her useful life. At
Clayton House is preserved an ancient
ring with a miniature of Charles
set in diamonds 1t is historic piece
of jewelry, which Is used at the we'd
Sir Edmund verney, the standard
bearer of King Charles T at the bat
tie of Edgehill. He fell in that battle
and. strangely enough. his body was
never recovered. despite the most
was severed hand still grasping a
piece of the shaft of the standard.
and which was identified by the ring
on the third finger. which had been
presented to Sir Edmund by his king.
The hand was reverently Inferred at
Clayton House. where. according to
family tradition, the specter Of the
old cavalier appears on the night of
October %. which is the anniversary
of the battle Of Edgehill, searching
for his lost hand.
1t is historical interest. rather than
monarchist sympathies and influences,
that has led the municipal authorities
of the city of Paris to renew, once
more. on the first floor corner of the
Hotel Crillon, in Paris. the almost
completely effaced inscription of
place Louis XVI" just below the
ugly blue and white enameled
PLAGUE which, as in the case of all
the streets and squares In the French
capital. indicates to the public that
the name of that particular square is
place de la Concorde." Prior to the
great revolution at the end of the
eighteenth century, !, was known as
|
his reign that it was laid out; then
1t became Place de IA Concorde." In
1914, after the abdication of Napoleon
I. and his banishment to Elba, the
name of Louis XIV was restored In
1926 it was changed to place Louis
XVI" then, two or three years later
back to place Louis XIV" while fol-
lowing the July revolution of 1890
which placed King Louis Philippe on
the throne, the square. which had
been the scene of the execution OF
Luis XVI and Of Queen Marie An
toinette. became once more place de
la Concorde," which it has remained
ever since. Curiously enough. the al
most entirely obliterated Inscription
Of "Place Louis XVI" which had been
placed there just nfnety-seven years
ago-that is to say, in 1826-had com.
pletely escaped the attention of the
Paris municipal authorities and of the
public until the late Lord Northcliffe
while staying at the Hotel Crilion. ir
Paris. happened to light upon it and
to suggest that the inscription should
not be lost.
Evening star., 1923-11-20
Supreme Court Majorities.

John II. Clarke. former associate
justice Of the United States Supreme
Court, in an article In the American
Bar Association Journal, makes a
suggestion calculated to attract atten.
tion on Capitol Hill in connection with
the approaching debate over the pro
posed legislation requiring more than
a. bare majority vote OF the Supreme
Court to declare an act of Congress
unconstitutional. se favors the court
voluntarily changing its rule by de.
clining to. hold a statute unconstitu-
tional whenever several Of the Justices
conclude it is valid by conceding that
two or more being Of such opinion
must necessarily raise a rational
doubt"
The learned jurist is against Con-
gress undertaking to impose restric-
himself as apprehensive that the tenn
per of the people is such over this
question that unless the court volun.
tarily imposes upon itself some such
restraint the Congress may go further
in the premises and make a drastic
change.
The question naturally occurs,
would not the recognition Of rational
doubt" in this way. by preventing the
invalidation Of an act Of Congress
save by vote Of 8 to I, be virtually
tantamount to rule by a minority Of
the court? If because two justices
hold the act to be constitutional the
other seven should abate their opinion
and not invalidate it, what is the use
Of majority opinion?
1t should be borne in mind that the
court does not itself take up a piece
Of congressional legislation with the
view Of determining its constitution.
ality. The process under which its de-
cision is arrived at is when a party
having the right to bring suit, relying
upon the Constitution for certain in
alienable rights, affirms In process OF
law that one or another Of those
rights has been denied by the enforce.
ment Of a statute enacted by Con.
gress. Is it to be expected that such
a party will rest easy under rule
which would permit two Of the nine
Justices of the Supreme Court to force
an unfavorable decision upon him al.
though the other seven agreed entire
ly in the contention that Congress, in
defiance Of the Constitution, was de.
Driving him Of some right inalienably
his?
The temper Of the people" to which
the former justice refers may be quite
different from what he thinks. That
will be developed in the debate in Con.
gress. There will be voices in both
House and Senate to defend the Su-
preme Court against attack.
Evening star., 1923-11-20
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE

lists and will oppose the son-in-law
of Mark Hanna in the 1924 pri-
maries. With Hiram Johnson COM
| batting Calvin Coolidge in the Dresi-
DENTAL primaries. Illinois is in for
one of the warmest political rue
lions 1T has known since Lincoln
Douglas days. McCormick's friends
/ say that he has the state pretty
well "sewed up" particularly in an
Mccormick play effectually at farm
[ tng--Holstein cattle breeding is their
! speclalty-every summer. and their
/ Fellow ruralists are said to be strong
on the tactics of the Thompson
Small-Lundin machine. Its one re-
/ manning goal in life is to smash
Mccormick or any other part or the
F, Chicago Tribune. If 1t supports De-
neen the senator may be In danger.
X X n Il
Observant followers of White
| House comings and goings have come
to believe. polite denials to the con-
trary Notwithstanding. that Frank
w. Stearns, after all, Is the "Col.
House" of the Coolidge administra-
tion. The Boston department store
proprietor has developed unusual
"dHueTlust uuTlHs tHe past &c"
weeks. His travels often take him
far afield and Washington is usually
his last stopping place before he re-
row on the unobtrusive merchant
prince, whose life ambition was to
put "CaT in the White House. is
likely to be regularly on scout duty
for his distinguished protege. He
may eventually earn the sobriquet
Col. Harvey wished upon Col. House
the Presidents U boat"
Italy is planning the construction
on Embassy Hill--on the northern
heights OF 10th street-of a dipIo-
matte palace which shall be rep
lica of one of the historic houses
that dot Rome's Corso--the Ave I'm
/ mortalis" Of +. Marion Crawford's
Italian novels. Mussoinis ambassa-
dor, Prince Caetani, Is himself an
I engineer and will personally super
wise building operations. If present
! arrangements are carried out, the
new embassy will rise like medi-
eval pile in the midst of the ultra
modern embassies and legations
which already beautify upper 10th
/ street.
One OF the duties of Miss Anita
Phipps. just appointed by Secretary
; Weeks to be director of womens re-
lations at the War Department. is to
keep a weather eye on the pacifist
activities of certain radical women's
organizations. Several leading asso-
Citations of women, whose patriotism
! is beyond question. have identified
themselves with the national pacifist
| combination alongside women's
leagues" and COMMITTEES" OF avowed
communist leanings. Miss Phipps,
as occasion offers, expects 10 do her
bit In persuading her sex that peace
by preparedness" is not ''militarism -
Her principal function is to supervise
| the now extensive system OF hostess
houses and welfare work maintained
by the Army at every post. camp and
garrison in the country and abroad.
Copyright, 1921
Evening star., 1923-11-20
Bias Generally Absent in U. S.
Editors Views of French POLICY

that II is not reparations that France
is seeking, bur the destruction by
starvation and anarchy of the help
less German nation"
X x K x
While the United States will not.
of course, insist on any payments on
| Frances war debt TO this nation as a
| penalty for rejection of the Hughes
proposals, the Chattanooga News
| (democratic) suggests Great Britain
| is under no such handicap. The world
will wait and watch for Premier
Baldwin's next step" The net re-
suit of the exchanges, the Springfield
Republican independently is con-.
vinced. has been to emphasize the es-
sential identity of British and Amer
ican aims in seeking the economic
| rehabilitation of Europe and to re-
veal the policies Of Premier Poincare
as still the chief obstacle to any con-
structive undertaking."
This is Also in part at least, the
view of the Duluth Herald Gndepend-
enD, which feels the American of
j fer TO participate in a real effort to
! bring peace will stand. The solution
must wait until France, through bit
ter experiences, has learned that IL
world opinion" There cannot, how
ever, be any abandonment of hope. as
the New York Times independent
democratic) sees the outlook, because
the impulse to international cooper
alton has not been exhausted. The
chief objects sought are still attain
able. Such a breathing of new hope
came to the world with the promise
of a European conference in which
the United States could take part
that diplomacy cannot be ready to con-
fess such impotence as would be i'm
piled in a helpless drift of mankind
back TO despair of the future"
The st. Paul Dispatch independently
situation as well as the present out
look, and. after suggestion the entire
painstakingly analyses the entire
French reparations policy will fail,
and this country be called upon to
make good the destruction worked in
Germany by French policy, both of
which il views as incidental. insists
| "a much more important consequence
of French policy, if persisted in. will
| be the withdrawal from France of
that sympathy she possessed almost
everywhere in the world a few years
ago. and, eventually, her isolation in
diplomacy"
Evening star., 1923-11-20

A., The Methodist Episcopal head
ed the list at the last census with
2S,406 churches
/ Q. What is the flag OF the repubIic
of Poland?-C. D. McC
A. The Polish flag is composed OF
! two stripes, white one over a red
one.
| Q. Can a phonograph record be
made Of cardboard e. T. A
A. The Etude says that a non-sheI-
| lac monograph record has been in
vented by European chemists II
! makes possible the use of leather
1 blotting paper, cardboard or other
| paper, linen or cotton cloth. as base
The new process is claimed TO enable
| the printing instead of molding OF
| records so that on u rotary press =
| many as $4,000 a day may be made.
! Q. What is the difference between
| a double house and a duplex?-G. p
| A. A double house is one built
! alike, on both sides of partition, for
the separate use of occupants. A du-
I pick house IS one in which the first
floor is complete home, and the sec
ond floor duplicates it.
Q. How, much did the United
States pay for FIorida?-M. L. S.
| A: Florida formerly belonged 70
! spain, which ceded it TO the, United
states by treaty, February %, 1919, in
| exchange for assumption by the
| United States of claims Of American
| citizens against Spain, amounting to
| $5,000.000.
! Q. What will remove paint from,
an iron bed?-E. D. H
| A. Scrape off as much paint as
| possible with an old kitchen knife.
| Then, to soften whatever paint still
| adheres to the bed, apply with a paint
| brush spirits of turpentine. benzine
[ or a strong solution of equal parts of
! oxalic acid (poison) and water. After
this has stood a short while. the paint
can be wiped off with coarse cloth
| or scrubbed away. Repeat this proc
| ess If necessary.
! Q. When a man is engaged TO a
girl, does each call the other "fance"".
/ X. c. L
/ A. There are@ two forms of the
] word. Fiance Is the masculine and
| ffancee the feminine form. They are
both pronounced fee-ahn-say.
Q: Are tho rings of Saturn solid
or fiuid?-J. B. S.
| A. The conclusion has been reach
| ed that the ring is triple, consisting
! of concentric parts, and that 1T is
! composed of very large number of
| solid some temporary disturbance
! would suffice to disrupt it, nor is IL
! more reasonable TO presume that 1t is
/ liquid.
! Q. How long have elevators been
+ in USED. X.
A. The modern elevator Is direct
evolution of the machine which Elisha
! G.. Otis exhibited in 1853 in the Crys-
tai Palace in New York. HOSTS of
| various kinds had been used before
that time, but this was the first ele-
yator wherein provision was made for
| stopping the fall of the car In the
! contingency of the breaking of the
hoisting cables.
(HGve you a question poE 4cant
GnsUcreds Send 1T to The Star In
formation Bureau. Frederic j. Has
Kin, director, 1920 North CAPITOL
street. The only charge for this
service is cents in stamps for re-
| turn postd9e.)
Evening star., 1923-11-20
Truce of the Allies.

Common sense or at least momen-
tary political and diplomatic expedi.
ency, comes to the fore, and the war.
time entente is saved through conces.
sions on the part of France and the
disinclination OF Great Britain to sever
her alliance with France at the pres.
ent critical juncture in European af.
fairs.
notwithstanding apparent jubila.
tion on the part of peoples Of both
France and England that their states
mon have temporarily avoided q
break, It nevertheless remains a fact
that the real issues are yet to be de.
cided, and there prevails some doubt
In official circles that everything will
operate smoothly in the future.
The allies are united in a note to
Germany demanding that Germany
permit the re-establishment Of control
by tho interallied commission, all de.
signed to check firmly suspected
Germanic evasions of the treaty of
Evening star., 1923-11-20
Education Week.

This is American Education week.
during which an effort "will be made
to arouse enthusiasm in education
Washington takes its part in obsery.
ance of the time, and exercises are
being held in schools and by parent.
teacher and other civic organizations.
To most persons it would seem un.
necessary to make an effort to arouse
enthusiasm in education, but no
doubt the object is to awaken more in.
terest in education. There are prob.
ably few things, or none, in which
America is more interested than
education. There are different opin.
ions as to what education is OF should
be, but no difference Of opinion that
education is desirable
1t is certain that schooling is more
nearly general than it was a decade
or two ago and that schooling for
children has become nearly universal.
In some states it is compulsory, and
it is clear that It will soon become
compulsory in all the states Not
only is a very much larger percentage
Of the child population at school, but
It larger percentage OF children "fin-
ish" school, pass from the grades to
the high schools and then on to col.
lege. The new president Of George
Washington University, in his address
On taking Office, said that there are
more men and women in colleges to-
day than were in high schools few
years ago.
Two generations ago relatively few