davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-09-09

We expect a great agricultural de- velopment based on the intensive own 1t. We are already raising more grain than the Baltic Barons We are introducing cooperative methods and are planning our farms somewhat after those of Denmark. We now have cooperative dairies, cooperative egg selling associations and several hundred cooperative stores. We are buying our agricultu- ral machinery in common, and the farmers are combining to introduce new breeding stock. The farm ma chinery is growing in quality and quantity. It may surprise you to know the extent of our market in i 5j,000 steel blows, 150,000 harrows and thousands of cultivators. We have more than 5000 mowers. 5000 reapers, and 1900 steam threshing machines. We are introducing tract ors and potato diggers and peelers. We have hundreds of cream separa- tors and butter making machines. We are establishing agricultural col leges and farm experiment stations and are preparing to make five blades of grass grow where only one grew before, We are, in fact, get ting on our feet Our currency has been stabilized and business Is good" Education and Schools
 How about your cultural develop ment?"
 We feel that we are growing cd ucationally as well as economically. Before the Czar attempted to Russify us, along about fifty years ago, there was scarcely man, woman or child in Esthonla who could not read or write, and today our percentage of illiteracy is low. All children be- tween six and fourteen are compelled to go to school and great desire for education is springing up among our young people. Our schools are good and l should like to see an interchange of professorships and lectures between our colleges and yours.'
 You speak of all your people be- ing able to read and write fifty years ago. How could that be under the alleged expressions of the Bait ic Barons?"
 Tt did not come from the Balts," replied MT. Pip. The desire for cd ucation among the Esthonians was planted by the Swedes. who held the country for two hundred years and at that time kept the Baltic Barons in check That was the Golden Age of Esthonia. The Swedes tried to el- | evate the peasants and with that | in view they founded the Dorpat Uni | versity, which at first was attended | by only few hundred but soon had more than one thousand students. It attracted two thousand students
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-09-09

from Russia and all parts of Europe. The Balts feared that the education of the peasants might cause the title of their lands to be questioned, and they did not object to the shutting up of the college by the Czar, which was done for a time when he at tempted our Classification"
 Will The Baltic Republics COmbinef
 find that the leading Esthonians have but little sympathy with Rus- sia. They realize that their prosper ity depends on their indipendence, and also that 1t is to come from the economic development of Russia to which these republics are the gate way. They are halfway stations be- tween the countries of Europe and the great frontier of the East, and they hope to have a large part of the manufacturing and handling of the imports of the Russia of the fu- ture. Each republic will probably have it's free port into which goods sent and held until needed by the lands farther east. They say the de- velopment of Russia must come from the outside, and they hope to be called in as experts along commer- cial, financial and economic lines.
 The several republics of Finland, Esthonia, Latvia and Poland have a fairly good understanding among themselves. and if they can have an alliance offensive and defensive. 1t will be a long time before Russia can again swallow them in her gargantu- anmaw.
 Russia As Humpty-Dumpty.
 Said a member of the Esthonian government to me today:
 T am not afraid of Russia. She is like Humpty-Dumpty and will never again take her seat on the wall of the nations. Her political organ ization has vanished. and she is now a collection of several scare of racen and peoples, each working for its own interests and independent of the others. She is the chief pauper among the nations, and to operate at all she must have the fiancial assist ance of other powerBs who will never permit her to wipe SSz eur Baltic in- dependence.
 "The Russians per SC, are not world builders. They can handle Ismal things but not great. In the past they have had to call in outsiders to rule them, and even now those who are running the government are men of other nationalities. Troszky is n Jew and Lennine has Tartar blood in his veins.
 T see that one of your journals. in writing about our two republics of Esthonia and Latvia, says theyare only two little oysters that Russia will soon gobble down at one gulp.
 As to that I have only to say that if she tries it she will find that the oysters are poisoned and will have severe case of ptomaine to cure"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-09-09

for that reason he was declared a traitor and the estate was confis- cated. The house was magnificent. Enclosing it were beautiful grounds laid out with view to landscape effect. It had gardens and orchards and extensive lawns. It Is now used as a post office for the country about, and the postmaster took me over it, upstairs and down. There were perhaps a dozen large rooms well fitted for entertaining, and wide entrance hall from which carved staircase led by easy flights to the floor overhead. Most of the heating was by porcelain stoves. The floors were of hardwood, and l could imagine the great dances which were frequently held.
 Near this house were the log huts of the peasants. and not far away the huge barns of brick where the crops and machinery were stored. Making Log Cabin Homes.
 As 1 stood on the portico could see log cabips going up in every di- rection This country Is more than half forest, and wood is cheap. Tnr cabins spotted the estate, each form ing the center of little farmstead, marked by the house and thatched barns or sheds adjoining.
 We motored over the estate. and talked with the farmers. The ordi- nary cabin was from two to five rooms. The logs, which cone from the forests nearby are all hewn, and the houses are more tastefuliy built Some have roofs of thatch and oth CTS of shingles, while a few are roofed with splints of the thickness of those used for peach baskets. The rooms are square, and the chimney, made of brick or stone, is built up co f111f Q of oven and heater as well. The kitchen Istove Is often a low ledge built In from the wall of the adjoining room, one chimney sufficing for both. Many floors are of the flat stone of the country.
 But few of the new cabins have any plaster as yet. Many Of them have no furniture, and the family sleeps on the floor. The farmers talked with seemed to be intelligent, and all were enthusiastic as to theif independence and future prosperity.
 The lands are allotted with the un- derstanding that the peasant shall immediately build, and the govern ment advances money on long time for such construction. The nan who builds a four or five-room house gets about 50,000 marks, or $140. and Is allowed 2S years to repay his loan. One settler whose house cost him about S40O told me that one-fourth of the sum came from the state. The size and length of the loan are graded by the character of the house, and the man who builds of stone is given 40 years to pay back the money.
 o O o Land Reform In Europe.
 Returning to Reval. I have had a talk with Mr.. Anton Pip, the minis ter of foreign affairs, as to thiAA land reform and other matters connected with the new Esthonia. Mir. Pip was l educated at the University of St. Petersburg. and for a time was pro-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-09-09
py FRANK e. CARPENTER


 RIVAL Sept. S.--I have just re- turned from mo otorsc car ride through northeriA tcsti3onia. My car was a Nfinervas ga BeIgiani limousine, fur nished by the minister of agriculture and some of the leading officials of that department went along. To snow me the big estates which the gov ernment has taken from the Baltlc barons and divided out among the psasa nit s.A ThisS little republic, shalf as big aSfthe state Of New York, with a popuEatfe nseaual to&that of Kansas, has for more than six hundred years been controlled by big land owners. It has been owned by the descend- ants of, the Carfaan n knights wbp con ouered- the coMfftry during Ike Mid dle Ages, ens1aving the pehsants and taking those farms. As time went on the people got some land and more and more freedom, but when the Rus sian revolution occurred more than SO per cent of the territory still be- longed to the descendants of the German Crusaders, and HOO of them owned about 6.000,000 acres. Each had a large holding, the average be- ing about 5000 acres. The rest Of the land was held by small farmers, who had on the average about 80 acres each, and in addition there were hundreds of thousands who had no land at all. They worked on the big estates and on others, owned by the churches and the towns. and by the Bank of Agriculture and the Crown.
 o O O
 Why The Division Was Made.
 The division of the estates was de- manded by the people. For hundreds of years they have been oppressed by the German Balts who were their masters under the Russians. When the revolution occurred, in order to get the people to fight for their in- dependence, the Esthonian revolu- tionists promised that the land should be taken away from the nobles and divided among the peasants. They were forced to do this not only by the popular outcry, but from the fact that the Bolshevik army which was fighting the revolutionaries had sent out proclamations that every Estho- nian who came to It's support should have a farm of his own. The cry of i the rebels was that they were fight ing for their own lands. and the government has carried out It's prom ises in taking over the estates ant
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-09-09

lessor of international law at the of Dorpat He has repre- scented his country in London and. is a man of wide travel and culture. He speaks English and we had no trouble in getting to the bottom of things.
 Said he: We are glad to have Americans visit Esthonia. We feel grateful to you for your Red Cross and relief work which saved the lives of thousands of our children when we began to create this republic. You have given us new ideas, and especially that of the Y. M. c. A.,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-09-09

branch of which was founded here. The institution still exists, and Is of great benefit to our young men,"
 Speaking of the division of lands, MT. Pip said: Tt was a political and economic necessity and there a moral right is also involved. Land reform is not confined to this state. It is go- ing on throughout all eastern Europe and from Finland to the Black Sea You will find it in Latvia, Lithu- ania and Poland, also in Czecho- Siovakia, Roumania and Bulgaria. We think it will result in an in- creased food supply for Esthonia.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-09-09

TERRORIST FIRST TO BE "SHOT"-Countess Markievicz. of Eamonn De Vaeras loyal adherents. who greeted with we'll aimed egg on threatening paign of violence in Ireland.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10

the report, "24, 40S, or 95.1 per cent, had
only very moderate or no credit rat
ing. $50 Those rated in good credit
falling in 1929 numbered 115S, As per
cent of the total. Those rated in very
good credit or higher, failing, numbered
only 90, or four-tenths of one per cent"
These figures tell a story that every
person who is ambitious to become a
successful business man should study
closely. and without any illusions as to
his own smartness. Now and then a
young man gets ahead quickly by TAX
ing big risks, but as general rule one
who goes into any kind of business on
"shoe-string" will come out with less
than that.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10

full in what it didn't do than in what
it did do. Taking over the government
after political cataclysm so to speak.
the Republican Congress had most
excellent opportunity to have run wild
for a time. The records are filled with
n mass of dangerous and experimental
measures which Congress deserves the
thanks of this country for having de-
feated by one means or another.
Of the measures passed, time only
will tell the WORTH This is particu-
larry true of such economic acts as
the farm credits legislation adopted in
the closing hours of the session. Nobody,
least of all. the Republican National
Committee, knows how these acts will
work out. They may be effective but
they are more than likely to be mediocre.
1t is beginning to be borne in on the
minds of most wcll-informed folks that
what the country needs more than any
thing else is, subsistence of agitation in
all forms and varieties. 1t not infre-
quently happens that after the physician
has prescribed all the medicines he
knows, called in other physicians in con-
sultation and eventually abandoned hope,
the patient RECEIVERS after all.
That seems to be what the United
States is doing today. After our high
priced spree as climax to war, we
were a pretty sick lot in a business way.
A variety of nostrums was proposed by
we'll meaning expcrimenters. But, fortu-
nately, few of these measures were tried
out. Most of them expired for want
of encouragement and the few that did
become laws were fairly we'll hedged
about by amendments and alterations to
remove some of the most doubtful fea-
lures.
The Congress which has just closed
its sessions was a Republican Congress.
1t was not popular either in the South
or the North and in the East it was
positively unpopular. Big business and
little business, the farmer, the railroader,
the exporter, bombardcd it with legisla
tive cure-alls and got little response.
1t ran true to the Harding pronounce
ment made shortly following his election
when he declared that it was useless for
the country to expect sudden millennium
at his hands.
This Congress was a negative sort of
force in legislative way but it met the
needs of the hour in that manner anaz-
ingly well. 1t was not bad Congress.
1t accomplished much good by inaction.
1t marked time while the country con-
valesced.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10
WHAT 1T DIDN'T DO

In pointing out the accomplishments
of the Congress which has just ended
rs sessions in Washington, the Rcpubli'
can National Committc named a list
of legislation that it termed construc-
tive and far reaching.
Had the Congress in question hccn the
very worst in the country's history,
which it was not, the Republican Ma
tional Committee probably would have
issued some such statement. To do
so was political move, nothing more.
1t made no difference whether such
a boast came from one party or the
other, it was good politics" to issue it
and as such it was accepted by the coun-
try at large.
Opponents of the Republican party
will spend the next few months picking
flaws in the Republican statement while
Republican spell-binders and office hold
ers will use the committees pronounce
ment as basis for just as vociferous
defense of the Harding administration.
To the impartial observer the Con-
gress which has just adjourned was far
more conspicuous and far more success
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10
New York Day by Day
New York. March 1o.-Bert Savoy is the "h
BY o. o. M'INTYRE.

York. Savoy in cabaret
somewhat ridiculous effort the Of cabaret provide
with
Brennan, appeared in sundry musical melanges.
the intelu diversion The ordinary
cafe cannot exist with the old cafe atmosphere In the East Fes
of the Russian imperial guards has exotic
eating place lace. ,. u , .f aud ,b ~ from II. to - ~
him. The cafe today not by its atmosphere
patronage, by the artist who is the attraction.
packs them the Rendezvous Doraldia at Gypsy
Mills Plantation Paul Whteman the Paais
Yvonne George at the Club Gallant.
audacious cnsm about the cabaret artist these days
His method the intimate contact He walks about the dance floor pg
Said night "wr booeggers taking orders for
minutes talk And when the noise failed
1t is to say and received in
waiting him the cafe from the eater where
he
the always drawing card in
light sprinkle of applause Naude
vile acadmicians at time were contemplating tf %
bills They tried experiment which proved to their satisfaction a
1t doub true when the artist wears
The ladies want to see how he does IT,
And vaudeville Palace day ecty
Collins Hart They doing ame acts
that them do ago than care to con-
and his wife sverhared ly almost
a old
At Palace little that leads to the stage
Here they smoke and
the barred to
age naughty legitimate stars who appear
cay the that gather see them leave after the
play.
There browsing through vaudeville program
yees for the will be glad to welcome his old Gus
tomers specialist in mole removing And There are ban IN
egs!he director of stage dahg oye Of fire at The
ton the theatrical He further bub And don
forget dresser and has now opened ros
Of my acopyrghf S23 by Syndicate Inc)
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10
Pointed Paragraphs

Marriage is also paved with good IN
tcntions.
A good talker is one who knows
when to quit.
An obligation of any sort is mort
gage on your time.
The rights of busy people are not
recognized by loafers.
Most people manufacture their own
luck-be it good or bad.
Few things are as expensive as those
we try to get for nothing.
It is recognized that the matrimo-
NAL knot is the most serious tangled
of all.
A man may admit that he is a fool,
but it is seldom news to his acquaint-
ances.
After n girl has been married a year
she is willing to occupy the hammock
alone.
1t sometimes happens that when an
actor finds things coming his way he
tries to dodge them.
A widower says that it is better to
have been loved and bossed than never
to have been married at all.
When woman is sick she takes n
good deal of pride in thinking of the
miserable life her husband would lead
if she were dead.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10
Watching the Parade
BY John Pilgrim.

Not long ago one Of the great cor
porations needed a great man to fill
position of vital Importance. There
we're perhaps half dozen men known
TO that corporations world as fit TO
fill the vacancy. Four could not be
had. The remaining were investigated,
more or less surreptitiously, by the
corporations head. In the end he
selected younger man who had hardly
been heard of before.
"Why-in heavens name-did you
nick him." his directors asked. why
didn't you select Smith of JonesT
Because he is still alive mentally
was .he reply. 1T may be that he is
not Of the original calibre of the
others. l do not know. But his mind
is still open. Their minds have been
closed for years"
They had grown a little too great,
perhaps. Their own authority seemed
little bit too unquestionable to them.
They were persuaded that they knew
it all. They dismissed suggestions
without investigation. They had a
superb fund of knowledge and exper-
fence and courage and decision. He
may have been short in each of the
four departments. But he was still
willing TO learn and they were not.
The young man has justified his selec-
ton up Ito this moment. Life being
what it is, he may fail tomorrow.
The corporation head said that he
was impelled to make the selection be-
cause of little story he had read
in the newspapers. In 100 odd A. ID.
one Boile had been making expert
ments with the then newly invented
microscope and had discovered what he
called little animals" in the blood.
Later science supported him. but the
court physician Of the reigning Louis
in France wrote bitter pamphlet ex-
posing this charltan."
He had the wisdom to run away
wrote the court physician, when his
fraud was discovered
Yet Boile was right and the court
physician was wrong. All the court
physician had TO do was to look
through Boile's microscope to see the
little animals" for himself. But he
knew too much.
my mans mind is still OPEN" said
the corporation head.
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10
Self Revealing Dreams
BY III. AddingtOn Bruce.

All dreams, if we may accept the
Freudian formula, are revelatory of
the inner life of the dreamer. What
ever the trivialties with which they
deal, however fantastic their form,
they will when correctly interpreted
help the dreamer to know himself bet
ter.
The great difficulty, as Freudian
psychologists themselves are frank to
admit, is that the task of correct
dream Interpretation is usually a for
midable one, far too formidable for
anybody unframed in psychological
analysis. Still there sometimes are
dreams which virtually interpret them
selves, and which do strikingly bear
out the doctrine of dreams as aids to
self-knowledge.
Take, for example, an odd little ex-
perience recently narrated to me by
an old friend:
AT the dinner table one evening the
question came up of our closing the
house and making our home in an
apartment hotel, as many in our circle
of acquaintance have done.
The kitchen problem had become
acute, there WIS difficulty in the man
agement of the furnace, and altogeth-
er, as | told my wife, the logical thing
seemed to be to give up the housekeep-
ing struggle.
THAT night I began TO dream, al
most, it seemed to me, the moment |
fell asleep. And all night long /
passed in succession through one I'M
pleasant adventure after another.
without exception, these adven-
lures took place in an apartment hotel
OF a sort. We had found it impossible,
it appeared, to obtain good quarters,
and my room was a bandbox, contrast
ing pitifully with the spacious rooms
of my house.
1T did not even have a proper door.
so that | was obliged to stoop and
scramble in, as some small animal
would scramble into hole. When in
the room | was tormented by lack
of light and air.
"Then the dream shifted. and l
found myself in lower corridor. talk
ing to friend who had taken up his
residence in the same apartment, but
was about to start on a long journey.
He had great deal to say to me be-
fore he went, and he said it in loud,
declamatory way.
"What he said have not the slight
est notion. But in the progress of my
dream. | remember, bevy OF ladies'
the following morning swOoped on me
in the apartment entrance. demanding
what / meant by letting that terrible
man keep them awake most OF the
night by his loud talking.
There was more to the dream,
much more, all in the way of dramatic
illustration of the possible inconven-
fences of life in an apartment hotel.
Next morning / detailed it to my wife,
adding that it had made clear to me
that whatever the difficulties of keep
ing house I should prefer them to an
apartment existence"
And indeed this dream was mani
testify an elaboration of a train of
thought started in the depths of the
dreamer's mind by the dinncr-table dis
cussion the evening before the dream.
1t Enthusiastically revealed to him his in
most emotional reaction to the idea of
breaking M his home, and thus served
TO warn him that, constituted as he
San Antonio light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1911-1993, 1923-03-10

was. to break it up would mean for
him discomfort and unhappiness.
To judge from dream Literature IN
general. it is comparatively seldom
that dreams with such directness help
TO an understanding of ones true sen,
timents with regard to problems and
situations concerning which one IS IN
some doubt. But l suspect that
dreams of this type actually occur with
considerable frequency, being left un-
reported and unrecorded simply be-
cause the natural tendency is to re-
mort only the extraordinary III
dreams.
In any case I would welcome from
readers instances in which they. have
themselves been directly aided by
dreams to a clearer self-knowledge'
From A collection of such instances
might be derived added insight into
dream psychology in its practical ap-
plications.
Copyright, 1923. by The Associated
Newspapers.)