davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Certified Seed
Increases Yield
Favorable Results Obtained
by Potato Growers Should
Encourage General Use.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agricultural
While there has been an increasing
tendency on the part Of potato produc-
ers to use certified seed during the
last few years, the favorable results
that have been obtained from the use
of such seeds should encourage a much
more general use Of certified seed,
says the United States Department OF
Agriculture. A number of states are
now producing certified seed and
have records showing The comparative
yield from certified fields with the
average yield of the state. In New
York state yields for ordinary fields
averaged 103 bushels an acre, while
the certified fields yielded .223 bushels
an acre. In Minnesota the. yield in
favor of the certified seed, over that
Of the ordinary fields, was go bushels
an acre, and In Pennsylvania certified
fields yielded $3.50 bushels while the
ordinary fields produced only 100
bushels an acre. Reports from other
states show similar increase in yield
from the certified fields in comparison
to the average Of the state.
Decided Improvement.
Certified seed sent from Michigan
to several corn belt states for expert
mental and Unconstitutional tests in
1921 showed a decided improvement
In yield over the local seed. In Iowa
the increase in yield secured from this
Michigan certified seed was 61.2 BUSH
els, in Indiana e21 fields showed an in
crease Of SO bushels, In Illinois 81
fields yielded A bushels increase,
while in Ohio, where the great part
of the acreage Of the state Is planted
with certified seed, the increase due to
the Michigan seed was only 2.6 BUSH
els. In two tests conducted in Della
ware the Michigan certified seed aver
aged 6815 bushels more an acre than
home grown seed.
Good Season for Both.
Last season was good one for both
producers and buyers of certified seed.
The large production of certified seed
has brought the price so low that al
though reports show that a premium
of 80 to $50 per cent is being paid
for certified stock the grower is at
least getting a little profit out of his
work, while the buyer is able to buy
this seed at a reasonable cost.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
CONCRETE TILE ARE
BECOMING BETTER
Porous Ones Are Defective and
Weaken the Entire Drain
age System.

BY r. e. JONES, Wisconsin College OF
Agriculture.
AS the methods of manufacture are
improved, an increasing durability in
concrete tile is being obtained. With
the use of cleaner aggregate, a wet
ter and richer mixture, firmer and more
thorough packing, and curing in a
steam room for a longer period of
time, tile Of greater and more uni
form density, reduced water absorbing
capacity, and more endurance is pro-
duced.
The better grades of concrete tile
compare favorably with good shale tile.
The severest test Of tile is where it is
placed in peat soils. Specimens of
good concrete tile that have been lying
for two years in the peat of the Uni
versity of Wisconsin marsh near Mad
ison, show only trace of disintegra-
ton at the water line on the outside,
but some specimens of porous concrete
tile showed general softening after
only one years contact with the peat.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Ear Tag System Is
Practical for Flocks
Especially Used for Identi-
flying Each Individual.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
An ingenious and simple method of
marking farm breeding animals has
been used successfully with sheep for
eight years by Cooper Curtice of the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture at the farm of the bureau of ami
NAL industry near Vienna, Va. The
system is especially adapted for identi~
flying quickly the extent Of pure blood
Of individuals in herds and fiocks being
improved with purebred sires. Each
animal is labeled with an aluminium
tag bearing a number. Females are
labeled on the right ear; males on the
left. The young are given the dams
number preceded by Cor by 10 If the
dams number is digital number) If
it is the first young born; preceded by
2 if the second born, and so on.
This system is quite practical for
farm focks Of sheep Of less than 100
head, and for cattle. If purebred
sire is being used to grade up herd
or flock of nondescript females, the
system affords very good ever-pres-
ent record of the grade of animals
obtained. For example: The first
born young Of female No. % will be
marked 125. Animal No. 125 is one
half grade. The young Of 125 will be-
come 1925, and will be three-quarters
grade. No. 11125 will be seven-eighths,
and No. HIPS, f1fteen-sixteenths To
Illustrate further: No. 3125 Is the
third young Of the first young Of %
and three-quarters grade.
When there is no longer space for
additional figures on the label, the
sixth or seventh generation may be
marked with letters following the num-
Der of the original dam. Applied to
female No. %, the young of the sixth
generation may be marked 25A; next
generation, 25B, and so on. If desired,
the sire number may be placed on the
reverse side of the label.
This method of identifying animals
may be used in conjunction with an
ear-notching system, which further
Identifies them. A good ear-notching
plan enables the owner to replace
with assurance as to correct identity
any ear tags that may be lost.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28

with another. More and more it Is
realized that the work of the chemist
and the physiologist must now pre-
cede the labor of the practical feeder.
The new discoveries in nutrition,
many of which have come directly
from the work done at Madison, have
given an entirely new concept to the
whole field of animal feeding
Farmers now realize the part which
vitamines play in the nutrition of
live stock (even though their character
is not yet known; that the success
full growth Of animal life is quite us
dependent upon the presence of these
hitherto unrecognized substances as
upon the energy-producing qualities of
the feeds employed; and that success
is best attained when these growth
stimulating materials are furnished In
abundance.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Sudan Grass Excellent
Emergency Pasture Crop

If a farmer is going to run short
of hay or pasture, he may well con-
slider putting out a piece of Sudan
grass as an emergency crop. Two cut
tings of hay may be made in one sea-
son, giving a total yield Of two to four
tons per acre. Although it is relfshed
by stock if cut early enough, it has
no higher feeding value than ordinary
grass hay. The feeding value of Sudan
grass hay may be greatly increased by
growing soy beans or cowpeas with
it. For some farmers Sudan grass
would be Of even more value as pas
ture or as a soiling crop than for hay.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Pigs Are Benefited by
Allowance Of Charcoal

Pigs are always benefited by hav-
ing frequent access to charcoal. The
following method of preparing char
coal is very satisfactory: A mass Of
cobs are raked together and set. on
fire. When the cobs are burning
briskly oats are poured over the fire
until it is: all but smothered. In a
short time. the oats will be well black
ened. The fire should then be put
out by scattering the burning cObs.
The cohs Yaay continue burning but
the fire In the oats VIII quickly die
out. When cold the pigs should be
allowed free access to the burned
oats. They viii greedily search Out
every particle.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Spread of Wheat
Rust by Burberry
Scientists Have Shown That
Epidemics Disappear With
Killing of Bushes.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture,)
FARMERS proved that the common
barberry spreads black stem rust to
nearby wheat fields. Scientists showed
why and how. Both have shown that
rust epidemics disappeared when the
bushes were destroyed" said DR.. b. @.
Stakman of the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture. 1t is related that
as early as 1920 a farmer in England
became so angry at seeing large bar
berry bush on a neighbors farm, but
near his own wheat, that he poured
boiling water around the roots of the
plant at night until he had killed it.
Bushes Source Of Trouble.
A number of writer's observed during
the time from about 1850 to 1855 that
wherever barberry bushes were found
near wheat fields there also was found
infected grain. Although 1t was not
known Just how rust could come from
the barberry, 1t was natural that many
farmers who had noted the damage
to their own fields SHOULD be convinced
that the bushes we're the source Of the
trouble and should be removed. Diff
ferences of opinion between farmers
and owners of barberry bushes became
so sharp as to cause a so-called bar
berry war, which ragged from about
1905 until 1855. Farmers whose grain
had been destroyed by black stem rust
often destroyed the guilty barberry
bushes without even asking the own
er's permission.
De Barry Solved Problem.
scientists" says Doctor Stakman,
''fnally tried to find out whether the
Farmers were right. They were" The
matter finally was cleared UP in 1885
by De Barry, a German scientist, who
made careful experiments and found
that the life history Of the black stem
rust parasite is as follows: The black
stage Of the rust lives through the
winter. 1t cannot infect grains or
grasses. The spores (seeds), however,
do infect the common barberry on
which they produce the cluster-cup
stage of the rust. The cluster-cup
spores are then blown by the wind and
infect grains and grasses, on which
they produce the red or summer stage
of the rust. This stage continues to
propagate and spread until late sum-
mer or fall, when the black stage
again is produced.
Hundreds of scientists have shown
that De Barry was right. No one any
longer questions the fact. The bar
berry stands convicted.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Flies Will Reduce Milk
Flow of Cows Materially

The dairyman finds the fly an expen-
kive inhabitant of his premises. Flies
reduce the milk flow materially by an
noying the cows. It is the practice
now to protect the cows through the
use of repelIant mixtures. The extern
sion division of the college suggests
this mixture: Take twelve ounces of
crude carbolic acid, twelve ounces of
turpentine, twelve ounces Of oil OF tar,
and three-fourths of an ounce of tan
min. To these should be added enough
kerosene to make five gallons of the
mixture. Use this material in an
atomizer and spray the cattle in the
stable night and morning.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Difficult to Eradicate
tuberculosis in Flock

Tuberculosis in fowls can be elm
mated only by disposing of the in
fected stock. Treatment is imprac-.
tical and Of no value in the control Of
the disease. To eradicate the disease:
/. Replace the entire flock as soon
as possible with healthy birds raised
on unaffected ground.
2. Kill and burn all birds showing
symptoms of tuberculosis.
8. Put dropping boards in poultry
houses and keep them clean.
4. Get plenty Of fresh air and light
into the poultry house.
5. Get rid of old fowls.
6. Burn and bury deep all dead
birds.
T. Plow up and sow down land when
practical.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Feather Eating Habit Is
Sometimes Hard to Cure

The reason that fowls eat feathers
is the fact that they are seeking after
certain classes of foods which they
need but are not getting, says Harry
Embleton, head of the poultry depart
ment of the A. and NJ. college. This
class of food is represented by any
form of milk, tankage, meat scraps,
or alfalfa pasturage. If one or more
of the above feeds are furnished them
in sufficient quantities they will get
over this habit.
It is sometimes hard to correct the
trouble once it becomes a habit Per-
sistent cases often have to be killed.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Best to Dehorn Calves
When but Few Days Old

Dehorning young calves is best done
when the calf IS a few days old. Clip
the hair with a pair of shears where
the horn will appear Rub the button
with caustic p>tash until the dead
layer of the skin comes off and it is
about ready to bleed The end of the
stick of caustic potash that you apply
to the horn should first be moistened
and the stick held with cloth so as
not to burn the hand.
If for any reason the operation has
been delayed for several weeks the
button can be cut off with sharp
knife and the caustic potash applied
to kill It. This will kill the horn, but
1t is better to do it before the calf Is
a few weeks old.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28

We in wisconsin have learned that

We in Wisconsin have learned that
live stock constitutes the mainstay of
our agriculture. By marketing the
products of the soil through the me-
dunn of our animal industry, this
state has carried through the period
of hard times in a manner which is
second to none; and the live stock
phase of our farming has become the
ideal of many states less fortunate
than ours.
In the pursuit of this industry it
has been well established that not
only is good stock required, but it Is
Of the utmost Importance that the ami
mails be well nurtured. In the con-
version of field crops into animal
products, feeding methods are of
prime importance, and in this field
the state agricultural experiment
station plays an exceedingly impor.
tant role.
Science Shows Way.
Modern methods havr long passed
the mere feeding trials Of earlier
days which simply compared one feed
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
j I've Stock EssayIst Wins.

wisconsin won first honors in the
nationwide essay contest conducted
nv the officials of the Saddle and Sir
Toin club of Chicago among the agri-
cultural colleges Of America. The
Judges awarded Browning Warren, an
. agricultural student in the University
of Wisconsin, first place in competi-
+ion with 172 contestants representing
many of the agricultural institutions
Of the country.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Orchard Intercropping
Secondhand Proposition

From the year that an orchard is
first set out, intercropping is a sec
ondary proposition and should be
treated as such-the trees come first.
It has usually been considered desir-
able to make use of the land between
the trees for the first few years from
the standpoint of increased profit. Fur
thermore, cultivated crop insures
cultivation OF the trees.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
SCIENCE SERVES
BADGER FARMERS
States Investigators Reveal
Many Hidden Mysteries and
Devise New Methods.

BY H. L. RUSSELL, Director Wiscon-
sin Agricultural Experiment Station.
Too often the business of farming
is looked upon as merely the cultiva-
ton of the soil for the production of
cereal crops.
In Wisconsin, in earlier years at
least, these were largely marketed as
grain. More modern methods have
shown the superiority Of a system of
livestock husbandry in which crop pro-
duction is only one part of the in
dustry.
The old system developed grain
farming with it's loss of soil fertility
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
High Value of Feeding
Eggs to Little Chicks

Poultrymen occasionally doubt the
value of feeding eggs to baby chicks.
Experiments conducted at the Uni
yersity of Wisconsin show that the adj
dition of a small amount of eggs to
the ration for baby chicks will give
surprisingly good results.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Deep Corn Cultivation
Will Cut Manv of Roots

When the stalks of corn are 10
inches high, the roots have met across
e-and-one-ha4f-foot row. Deep
cultivation at this time will cut many
of the roots and check the growth of
the plants. A good rule to follow is
to cultivate deep early in the season
and shallow later when the plants are
larger.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Legume Is Satisfactory
Crop for Poultry Flock

One of the most satisfactory crops
to grow on the ground where poultry
ranges is the legume. Glover or al
falfa are ideal crops for this purpose.
A half acre of ground seeded to either
one of these 1egumes will furnish
enough green feed for a hundred or
more chickens.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
NOIE['

Good feeding helps in making
a greater hatch, with fewer weak
chicks.
Rations for baby chicks should con-
tain nutrients necessary to furnish
both heat and energy and to manufac-
tire bone and muscle
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Rureau Of Soils survey.

Slightly more than one-thiro of the
Tinted States, including Wisconsin,
has been surveyed by the bureau Of
soils. A little more than half Of the
area of the entire country has been
covered by detailed surveys showing
tbe extent and distribution Of the va
rious soils by types; the rest has been
covered by reconnaissance maps show
ing the soils in larger groupA
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28
Broadcast Condition of
Highways on Saturday

The condition of highways in Massa-
chusetts and bordering states is broad
east by radio every Saturday evening
at 6 80 o'clock by the Automobile Lee
gal association. This service gives
motorists up-to-the-minute informa-
lion on the condition Of trunk line
highways
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28


In clay soils or clay under peat it has
been shown that good concrete tile are
satisfactory, which makes them adapt
ed to at least rs per cent of Wisconsin
lands ready for drainage.
Problem of Durability.
The problem of the durability Of
soft, porous, Eliminated, surface clay
tile seems to be equally great. Some
soft clay tile laid in Wisconsin in 1855,
three feet under ground, are in good
condition. 1t is believed that their
state of preservation is due to their
freedom from lamination. OF course
they froze every winter, but they were
always empty when they froze and did
not thaw out until spring. Further
more. they were burned with a wood
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-06-28

Difference Between Whole SKINNED Milk
The chick received white wheat lime salt and whole milk
ration that skinned milk used in of whole milk
decline
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-10-09
No Mail, Phone or c. o. D. Orders

In a large and very
choice assortment of
patterns and colors, wszsss'
yard wide; regular $3.50 quail
Street floor
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-10-09

A good, heavy quail
ity for mems work
shirts, boys and girls aaEasAm
play suits and ladies' house
dresses; durable fast colored
quality in gray and blue stripes,
plain blues, also fancy checks;
20 inches wide; regular 25c
quality.
Street floor
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-10-09
Good Quality
Black Sateen,
3 Yards for

A good fast black,
extra weight and de-
pendable quality for aAES
Innings, boomers, aprons, shirts,
children's dresses, etc.; yard
wide.
Street floor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-10-09

Another lot of those
fine Atwood serges. in
navy blue, brown and
black; yard wide.
Street
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-10-09

Large number OF de-
signs to choose from, IA
and skeins of d. NJ. G. 'Aaass
floss are included with each
pair.
Fifth Eoor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-10-09

Brighten up your
rooms with new cell
ings- mica ceiling .esaA@
paper, mOire and neat
designs.
Third floor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1923-10-09

Just the thing for
emergency use; sizes
rs and %; slight mis- q
weaves.
The Connecticut labor news., 1923-10-20
Europe Seeks to Unload

(Continued from Page One)
 fear we cannot, then we must strengthen the present restrictive law and make 1t selective The underlying principle should be to select only those people who are needed to de- velop our country and who are of our own kind, who can be assimilated and who can work with us to perpetu- ate free institutions.
 The mass of people seeking to come over under the present restric- tions are wholly unsuited for citizen ship. They and their children do not have the capacity either to under stand or appreciate our institutions.
 They are wholly unlike the innmi- grants of the past and the people who made this country what 1t IS. 1 trav- eled with men in Europe who had come as steerage passengers to this country many years ago, men who have prospered here, and who natur- ally would be prejudiced in favor of the admission of others from abroad, but these men, knowing of the con ditions in the United States and re- turning to view the deplorable state of affairs in Europe, are even more determined than I am to do all in their power to exclude the hordes who are seeking to come over.
 Mot only the governments them selves, but many organizations, some ostensibly charitable, others purely money-making, have we'll organized offices and ramihcations designed to ship undesirables into this country, seking to evade established laws in every possible way, especially that re- lating to the admission of relatives.
 "For a small sum of money almost any undesirable can be assured of an uncle or cousin in Boston, Chicago or Pittsburgh who will be his spon- sor and acting through the organiza- tion he will be landed in America"
The Connecticut labor news., 1923-10-20
PAY BEST WAGE YOU CAN AFFORD,
 SAYS BEEF MAN
Wilson, Packer, Ties String to It. However, as He Takes It
 Away Again.

Writers on economies and business conditions are agreed that the buying power, of the American worker IS high CT today that at any other time i'll the history of the country: many hnanc1ers express tlssA. opinion that the free exer- else of thfs buying power is a guaran- tee of continued commercial and indus trial prosperity.
 The situation should be gratifying to all Thomas F. Wilson, president of Wilson & Co.,, Chicago, a man who rose from the ranks, expresses in the Wash ington Star" sentiments that are i'll many executives minds:
 There should be spirit of satis- faction manifest as we compare the sit uation in this country with other parts of the world. All the elements of our national life should cooperate to main tain such a standard in this country. We should avoid errors or actions which would lead to backward step.
 ''I am in favor of the best wages and working conditions that can be afforded and still successfully maintain the busi- ness On the other hand labor should feel the desire and obligation of return ing the fullest measure of service. Af- ter all Is said and done, the success of any enterprise and its ability to main tain high standard of wages and work ing conditions is largely dependent on the efficiency, industry and loyalty of its workers
 Even from selfish standpoint it would seem to the interest of workers to render full service in production con sistent with reason The larger the out put per man the lower the cost of pro duction and consequently the cheaper the commodity can be sold The lowering of prices of necessities adds just so much to the purchasing power of every dollar labor receives in wages"