davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Slight Gain in
Yield Of Potato
In 55 Years Increase Has
Been "A Per Cent High
Grade Seed Is Urged. q.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agricultural
AS potato growers, we are still in
the small potato" class, if we are to
judge our standing by the gain in the
average production per acre made in
the United States in the last So years.
Statistics gathered by the United
States Department of Agriculture dur
ing the last half century show that
the average production per acre DUR
ing the fve-year period, 1918-1922, was
9S7 bushels. Our grandfathers did
almost as well 80 years ago, produc-
ing in the five-year period, 1868-1872,
an average of 94.5 bushels to the acre.
In other words our ability to grow
potatoes has improved during these
So years only enough to raise the
average production by IA per cent.
From 1868 to 1888 the average yield
decreased steadily until it was but "A
bushels to the acre. Since that time
the average yield has been steadily in
creasing until it is now the highest it
has ever BEEN A number Of reasons
for the decline in yields during the
first half of this period are given by
the department, the most important
among them being the ravages Of the
Colorado potato beetle during the
early period of it's invasion of the
eastern United States, the financial
depressions of 1877 and 1893, which
brought about a well-marked decline
in agriculture in New England, New
York and other heavy potato-produc-
ing areas, and a gradual depletion of
soil fertility.
This downward tendency has been
checked by number of factors which
have helped to increase the yield and
average production per acre. Some of
these beneficial factors are the inf1u-
ence of the agricultural experimental
stations, agricultural colleges and the
United States Department of Agri-
culture, through experimentation,
demonstrations and extension work
the influence Of the bOrdeauX-mixture
treatment in the control of fungous
diseases affecting the potato; and the
development of special potatoes grow
ing sections where the average yield
is often from two to three times the
general average for the United States.
Produce Better Seed.
Recently more attention has been
given to the production of better seed
by growers who are making a special
ty of producing certified seed and seed
of high quality. The use of high
grade seed, says the United States
Department Of Agriculture, would in
crease the returns from potato crop
Of the country by many millions OF
dollars. Good seed is one Of the de
termining factors in the production of
maximum crops of potatoes.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13

ing and there is a general appearance
of lack Of vitality. Since in this
stage the lungs are almost sure to be
involved, the animal may cough, espe-
cially after exercising.
Safeguards Are Possible.
"The germs of the disease are given
off In sputum, the manure, or in the
milk, and are taken in by the healthy
animal in breathing, eating or drink
ing Much Of the tuberculosis in man
is due to the use of milk from tuber-
cular cattle. The Introduction Of the
disease into the herd can be prevented
by the use of creamery and cheese
factory by-products only after they
have been heated, and by determina-
ton Of the condition Of purchased ami
mails"
Those counties in which the test
has been completed are: Douglas,
Washburn, Barron, Bayfield,, Sawyer,
Rusk, Chippewa, Eau Claire, Ashland.
Iron, Price, Villas, Oneida and Lincoln.
There are a number Of petitions up
at the present time for area testing.
These requests come from Burnett,
Buffalo, Taylor, Clark, La Crosse, Mon
roe, Wood, Juneau, Florence, Green
Lake, Door and Rock.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Tomatoes Rank Third
Among Truck Crops
Need Improvement in Grow
ing, Grading and Packing.

prepared by the United States Department
Ut A8rtculture)
The tomato now ranks third in inn
portance among our truck crops, and,
according to the United States Depart
meDt of Agriculture, the demand for
high-quality or slicing tomatoes is in
oreasing. Because there is need for
improvement In the cultural methods
and quality of the tomatoes grown for
the early market, the department has
published Farmers Bulletin 1888,
which Is largely summary Of the
methods and results of tomato grow
ers who have been especially success
full. The present need of the early
and truck-crop tomato industry is not
increased acreage but general i'm
provement in the, growing, grading
packing and marketing Of the crop.
Suitable soil, good seed, and we'll
grown plants are the foundation for
the production Of early tomatoes of
high quality, and number of seed
firms are now making speciality Of
strains and varieties that are adapted
to the work. Marked progress has
also been made in the development Of
strains that are resistant to disease.
Eight or ten varieties Of tomatoes are
included in the list for early growing,
but the bulk of the southern crop
groan for shipment consists Of Globe,
Acme, Beauty and Early Detroit. In
the North Central and Eastern states
the Bonny Best, John Baer, Earliana,
Greater Baltimore, Acme and Stone
are leaders. In California the Stone
is most generally grown.
The bulletin discusses In detail the
culture of tomatoes as a market-gar-
den crop and will be found Of value
to those interested in the production
end Of the industry and may be Sc
cured free Of charge from the United
States Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. c., as long as the sup
ply lasts.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Early Melting Hens Are
Poor Paying Proposition

What is the trouble with the poul-
try business? Why are fewer hens
kept this year? Is the poultry bust
ness going backward? All these Ques-
tons, and many more like them, have
been asked recently.
What is the trouble with the poultry
business? Would not any other bust
ness fail If it were conducted as the
poultry business is conducted? Every
female kept is not necessarily a good
money maker. Some hens never lay.
Some lay few eggs. But it takes a
hen that lays good quantity of eggs
to pay for her feed and return fair
profit above labor, interest, etc.
1t has been proved beyond doubt
that early melting hens are poor pro-
ducers. Hens that begin to shed their
feathers in July and August seldom
start to lay before the latter part of.
January or the early part of February
Many poultrymen realize the necessity
Of culling out their poor producers in
order to stay in the poultry business.
With the present prices of feed, it
Is absolutely essential that only the
best hens be kept. One farmer last
year selected from 500 laying hens 1O4
that he considered poor producers. No
trap nests were used, but the hens
were examined from external charac-
teristics. These 1O4 hens were put in
house by themselves. The following
day they laid four eggs.
The flock was again tested and the
four layers were selected, leaving an
even hundred unproductive hens. They
were carefully watched for several
weeks and did not lay an egg. At last
they were sold. Similar instances
prove that the selection of poultry
pays. Why not save the tremendous
amount of feed fed the poor hens and
put it into better stock or human
food?
Increase production and increase
efficiency, by keeping the late molters.
Hatch in September and thus increase
the meat and egg supply of the coun-
try. Fall Matching of chickens will
pay. Pullets from these matches will
take the place Of the early molters
disposed of. Breed only from the late
molters. Selection is a big step toward
greater poultry efficiency and to
more profitable poultry business.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
FARMING BOOSTED
F, WITH JUNIOR CLUBS
Residents Aim to Keep Rock
County First in Club
Work.

Rock county farmers are boosting
their junior farm clubs.
They have named general COM
mittee Of representative men from all
parts of the county to have charge
and advise on every club organized.
In each township Of the county, 20
in number, there is to be represent
alive named to make regular visits TO
all club members to encourage and as
sist them in their work. Prizes are
to be offered for each breed club and
sweepstakes prize offered for the
winners In the competition between
breeds such as in the dairy calf, baby
beef and pig clubs.
The Rock County Junior club COM
mittee new consists of the president
of the Rock County Holstein assocla-
ton. the secretary of the Rock county
farm bureau, the county agent, the
rural 7. M. @. A. secretary, and agri-
cultural Journalist, rurally minded
banker. one Of the superintendent Of
schools, a general farmer and a dairy
man.
Each breed association has named
it's representative to have charge Of
the clubs to be promoted and other
leaders have been named among men
interested in the development Of coun-
ty livestock interests.
The system was adopted on the
recommendations Of T. L. Bewick of
the University of Wisconsin, the state
club leader.
The six main Junior clubs that have
been outlined in Rock county are as
follows:
dairy calf club with each breed,
Holsteins, Milking Shorthorns, Jer-
seys, Guernseys and Brown Swiss
having their own breed club with the
winners competing for the sweep
stakes prize.
2-Bahy beef club with the Here
ford and Shorthorn calves competing.
8-Acre of corn club.
4-Sheep club with all breeds COM
peting.
5-Pix club with each breed having
its own club and the winners COM
peting at the fairs for the sweep
cakes cup.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
POULTRY NOTES

@0@000000@o090O0 90O0@0000a
The hen is the only thing on the
farm that can make money by ''just
laying around"
Paint the outside Of the hen house;
make it look as though it belonged to
somebody.
Much loss could be prevented If
those engaged in the poultry business
were to examine their fiocks regularly
for indications of disease Of any char
acter.
The white chicks that are somewhat
dirty in color at time Of Matching are
the birds which turn out to be the best
breeders at maturity.
Provide as much water per day as
the poultry will drink. Keep all drink
ing vessels clean and scald them out
frequently.
Don't overlook the value Of feeding
gritty substances to the poultry fire.
quently. This performs the same mis-
sion for poultry that teeth do for men
and animals.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Corn Silage for Steers
Gives Highest Returns

''Steer-feeding tests in Pennsylvania
last winter gave these results" reports
the Farm Journal: STANDARD corn-belt
ration (fun feed of corn, with corn
silage, corn-stover and cottonseed
meaD, a profit of $500 per head. Ra-
ton without corn Gall the corn silage
the steers would eat, with corn-stover
and cottonseed meaD, profit of $7.49
per head. Using molasses instead of
20 per cent of corn in standard corn
belt ration, loss Of $1.81 per head;
using mixed hay instead of the silage
and slower, a loss of 60 cents per
head; using molasses and mixed hay, a
loss Of $6.68 per head. Steers weighed
ITO pounds at the start and were fed
140 days."
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Early Melting Hens Do
Not Paw for Feed Bill

One Of the best indications that a
hen has quit laying for this year is
the beginning Of the mott. The hen
starts to grow new feathers just as
soon as the old ones drop out and
most Of the feed that she gets goes
into the growing Of feathers instead
Of into the production Of eggs. Many
people believe that these early molt-
ing hens will get their new feathers
before winter and lay eggs when they
are highest in price, but experiments
have shown that the hen that molts
in July or August takes long time
to geo her new feathers and is natur-
ally a poor layer. If she does start
laying before the winter is over she
will not lay enough eggs to pay for
her feed bill.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Increasing Demand for
Disliked Guinea Fowls

Guinea fowls, which have suffered
unpopularity with farmers because of
pronounced propensities for noise
making during the sleeping hours Of
humans, are likely to rise above this
objection in view of steadily increas-
ing demand for their delicious flesh, In
the opinion Of poultry specialist Of
the United States Department Of Agri-
culture. Guinea-fowl raising now is a
profitable side line on eastern farms
and may offer opportunities to the com
mercial poultryman in few cases. In
Farmers Bulletin 858, 1.-THE Guinea
Fowl" the specialist discusses the
guinea business from the starting Of
flock to marketing the produce, which
is largely meat.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Males Not Needed for
Breeding Should Be Sold

Unless your roosters are worth saw
ing for mating purposes, get rid Of
them. Keep them away from the hens
for infertile eggs will command pre-
MUM over the fertile kind.
Scrub ROSTERS, and even pure bred
cockerels that are not needed for the
breeding pens and are not good enough
to command a price from other breed
ers, should be made ready for the
market There is no reason why any
farmer or poultryman should go on
feeding a lot Of useless birds. Put
them in a pen and fatten them before
sending them to market. Unless too
old, you will make a profit on your
feed because a fat bird will sell more
readily, and of course weighs more.
Roosterless farms are not uncommon
in some sections Of the country.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Colony House System of
Poultry Raising Favored

One of the many advantages of the
colony house system Of poultry rails
ing is that the birds have ample op-
portunity to find animal food, such as
bugs, worms, grasshoppers, etc. This
is a very necessary part Of the diet If
you are raising poultry for the eggs
they will produce. If you have NOV
able houses for the flock, place them
near fields likely to harbor destructive
insects; this will protect the crop and
at the same time provide the necessary
animal food.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Laying Age Of Pullets
of Different Breeds

An observation of the average num-
Der of days required to mature Leg
horns, Rocks and Reds as handled at
the Nebraska college Of agriculture
shows the following: Single Comb
White Leghorns, 205 days; Barred
Rocks, 239 days; Single Comb Rhode
Island Reds, $50 days. The age at
time of laying the first egg was taken
as an index Of maturity. Therefore,
such medium maturing breeds as
Rhode Island Reds, Barred and White
Rocks, Orpingtons, Langshans, etc.,
should be Matched as near March 1
as possible if they are to be old
enough to lay by November 1, or in
time to catch the highest prices of the
year. The necessity for early hatch
ing is not so great with Leghorns.
They mature so early that April
Matched pullets seem to have the adj
vantage.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
NEW COUNTIES JOIN
TUBERCULOSIS WAR
Wisconsin Dairy World Will Push
Fight During Next Two
Years.

The dairymen of Wisconsin are wag-
ing active war against the dreaded
enemy, bovine tuberculosis. Farmers
all over the state are joining the ranks
Of the anti-tuberculosis army. Six
teen counties in the state already have
been tested and fifteen others have
petitioned to have the test made in
their communities within the next two
years.
Back in the "nineties" Dean Fl. L.
Russell Of the Wisconsin College OF
Agriculture brought the tuberculin
test into the state upon his return
from Europe, where he studied under
Pasteur and Koch in France and Ger
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
"wHY i USE A SCRUB BULL"

To avoid paying some breeder
one or two hundred dollars for
a pure bred bull.
I can grow any male calf
dropped on the farm into bull.
To save time in taking my
cows to my neighbors to breed.
That I may keep the dollar
that my neighbor would charge
in service fee.
1t is more convenient to let the
scrub run In the pasture with
the cows.
The scrub gets as many calves
as the pure bred.
am only interested in having
my cows freshen.
1t takes no more time to feed
scrubs my good crops than to
feed high-grade steers or pure
bred cattle.
When one of my scrubs dies l
am saved the mental agony Of
any great loss.
I am running my own business
on my own hook" for present
gain. 1 am not seriously inter-
ested in the welfare of my COM
munity or the future develop
ment of my farm.-Exchange.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Top Price Always Paid
for First Glass Fpps

Here are some suggestions for the
production of good eggs, and for mar
keting them to get top prices:
Keep hens that produce, not only a
goodly number of eggs, but eggs Of
moderately large size, averaging two
ounces.
Be sure the laying focks are well
housed, are fed and watered regularly
and, above all, have clean, dry nests.
Gather the eggs every day and,
when the temperature is very hot or
very cold, gather them twice day.
Pen up all broody hens as soon as
discovered and keep them off the lay
ing hens nests.
Place all summer eggs, as soon as
gathered, In the coolest place avail
able.
Get rid of young cockerels before
they begin to annoy the hers. Also
sell or confina old male birds from the
time spring Matching is over until cool
weather in the fall.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Liberal Feed of Wheat
Is Favored for Poultry

Wheat is good feed for poultry, and
should be literally fed instead of 9TH
er grains, while the price is low
There is always a lot of shrunken, I'M
developed wheat and other grains at
thrashing time which can be fed
probably to chickens and other fowls.
It is always much more profitable to
feed inferior wheat to hens and mar
ket it in the form of eggs than to sell
the grain for cash. Feed skim milk
along with the wheat to supply the
protein.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13

domestic science club for rural
girls for canning and sewing with a
University Of Wisconsin extension
worker as leader.
With additional organized effort
and with all breeders cooperating
with the city organizations, Rock
hopes to keep first in Wisconsin for
junior clubs
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Bacteria Necessary for !
Good Crop of Sow Beans

Soy beans will make an Indifferent
growth in most soils unless the bac-
terra necessary for their nitrogen sup
ply are present. If soy beans have
not been grown in the soil before, it
is wise to inoculate. Lack Of inocula-
ton is indicated by a pale greenish-
yellow color of the plant. If the soil
is rich the beans will grow well with
out the bacteria, but in such cases are
taking their nitrogen from the soil and
not from the air.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Mulch Orchard Trees to
Conserve Soil Moisture

The grass and weeds in the orchard
should be cut and left around the
trees for g mulch to hold the soil
moisture. For the larger trees the
grass may be left where it falls, but
with the younger trees it is best piled
in a circle around the tree leaving a
little space around the trunk, the
other edge Of the circle extending well
out beyond the spread of the limbs.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Mite Most Troublesome
of Poultry Parasites

If not controlled, the red mite, the
most troublesome of poultry external
parasites, will sap the vitality from
the birds, causing Joss Of vigor, re
ducing egg production and often re-
sulting in death of the birds. A sim
pie remedy is to apply creosol or
sheep dip with paint brush to the
roosting poles and supports, thus satu-
rating them to the point where mites
cannot have access. to the birds at
night.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Killing Peach Borers
bY Use of P. C. Benzene

"P. G. Benzene is still doing. bust
ness at the old stand, killing peach
borers," says the editor of the Farm
Journal. '"This material is in the
form of crystals, and when spread on
the ground around the trees, turns to
a gas, thus gassing the borers. This
material can be bought from druggists
or from chemical supply houses. For
advice as to use, write your state agri-
cultural college,"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Keep Track of Broody
Hens of Various Breeds

In dual-purpose breeds, all hens
that become broody should be given
a celluloid leg band for each offense.
It is easy to keep track Of them in
this way and as those that have fire.
quent broody spells cannot possibly
make good records, they should be
marketed. Birds that, without hav-
ing clearly inferior characters, are
under suspicion, should be moved to
a senarate pen and given further
trial.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Cow-Test Associations
Work to Help Dairying

Sixty-one per cent of all the cow
testing associations in the United
States are working to improve dairy
ing in Wisconsin. The middle western
states lead in association work, report
the experts at the Wisconsin College
Of Agriculture. The leading states in
cow testing association work are Wis
consin, Michigan, Iowa, Minnesota,
Illinois, Ohio, Indiana and Missouri.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
To Prevent Pig-Eating
Feed Sows Meat Scraps

Tankage and meat scraps fed to
sows usually tend to prevent pig-eat-
ing. Let a SOW have all the salt she
cares for, or feed her salt pork, when
she shows tendency to kill her pigs.
These measures sometimes end the
trouble Never let a sow eat the after
birth. When she does so she will be
likely "a Kill and eat her pigs.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Make Changes Gradually
in Feed for Chickens

When changes in the feed are to be
made, start with little of the new
feed mixed with the kind the chicks
are accustomed to, and gradually in
crease the proportion of the new, de-
creasing the old until it is dropped
out. To become impatient with the re
suits obtained from one ration and
make a complete change will throw
the chicks out of condition and is like
~ to cause bowel trouble.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Why Pure BREEDS Excel

prepared by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture.)
A new pictorial poster, just
issued by the United States De
partment of Agriculture, illus
trates the superiority Of pure
bred over common live stock
and gives six reasons why pure
breds excel. The reasons are:
Better conformation and quail
ity, more products for the feed,
greater uniformity, earlier ma
turity, more salable, and off
spring more valuable. The pos
ter is printed on cardboard and
measures ID by 10 inches. 1t
may be obtained without cost
by applying to the United
States Department of Agricul-
ture, Washington, D. c.. as long
as the supply lasts.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Growing Asparagus Tips
Depends on Proper Car,

The good or bad luck you have in
growing asparagus tips next spring
and summer will depend upon how
well the plants are taken care of this
season. The wheel hoe or cultivator
should be kept busy all summer and
fall to keep the plants growing, be-
cause the growth made during the rest
of the season is producing the shoots
for next year
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Outline of Good Ration
for Growing D11cklinp

A good ration for ducklings consists
of one part bran, one part cornmeal,
one part ground crackers or stale
bread made into mash. Then 10
per cent beef scrap is added, as well
as fine green food and little sand.
Be sure that the bread is not moldy
and that all other ground grains are
of good quality.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-09-13
Tests for siIo Filters.

Manufacturers of silo filing outfits
are to have their machines tested by
the agricultural engineering class Of
the Wisconsin College Of Agriculture.
Power requirements, ease Of operation
and other points will be watched
closely by experts.