davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-10-07
SEEING TRIPLE ATTACKS.
RAILROADS WILL FIGHT
Demands for Higher Wages, Rate Cuts
and Repeal of Esch.C .Cummins
Law to Be Resisted.

tives is that no increase in the pay
OF employees can be made at this time
without corresponding increase in
freight and passenger rates. 1t so
happens, however, that tho demands
for pay increases are coming at a
timc when the public in general, and
the farmers in particular, are crying
out for reduced rates. A few weeks
ago railroad officials were fearful
that the government might be STAN
peded into ordering a reduction in
the rates for handling wheat. but this
fear has subsided somewhat and is
not now so acute.
Railway officials have pointed out
what they consider the fallacy OF tht
theory that reduced freight rates
would affect the price of wheat and
open new markets to the grain. They
declared that If wheat were trans
ported free to the ports of the coun-
try, the price still would be fixed by
the law of supply and demand. World
conditions, they argued. are not af-
fected by domestic freight rates. The
railway authorities say their conten-
ton is proved by the fact that the
higher tariff on wheat did not raise
the price or the commodity, the price
still being fixed by world conditions.
The same reasoning Is true OF sugar
and other commodities affected by
world markets rather than domestic
conditions.
wouId Shift the Burden
The reduction of wheat rates, rail
way men declare. merely would shift
the burden to some other class of
freight, If rail revenues are to meet
the requirements of expenditures. The
proposed increase of wages and re-
duction of rates are concrete matters
with which the executives feel able
to deal concretely. The menace"
they fear most of all is that of wild
legislation" at the coming session OF
Congress. There are more radicals
in Congress than ever before and
most of them rode to success at the
polls on q platform of swat the
railroads" It is certain that railroad
legislation will be one of the features
of the coming session. but just what
form 1t will take no one at this time
can say.
Naturally the men behind the rail-
roads are hopeful that President Cool
idge will be able to act as q curb OIL
the radical elements, although with
national compaign, but Il few months
away, he may hesitate to block the
path of the legislators who feel they
are representing the popular demand
having so lately come just from the
people.
Evening star., 1923-10-07

But no. rumor erred. The coalition cabinet
perhaps Of profound significance: On October
trial eiswies. called aes on 0aa Gen pesoatts. st
Duesseldorf. With proposals which may be
backing. The proposals have. been forwarded
to Paris.
formation on the cabinet situation and publica-
tion OF Shines proposals.
CAina.-Tsao Kun. head OF the Chilli party,
has been elected President of China by the
Chinese parliament.
At last we get news of Gen. WI Pei-Fu. He
has bought tract of land. apparently in
Ho-Nan has ordered American agricultural
machinery, and Is going to have one Of his
divisions instituted in farming rAmeri-
caine: and when those warriors are proficient
he will settle them on frontier land that has
the Experiments works. he Viii have found the
solution for the problems Of demobilzation
and detuchuniz-ation. Here's luck. Wu-Pei-Fu
United states OF America.-The past weeks
phase Of the war in Oklahoma might be called
the battle of the injunctions. The party ac-
quiring the larger number Of pieces of this
type of ordnance, ie.. the enemies Of the gov
ernor, possess the field. The governor attempt
ed TO enjoin the holding Of state election
on October .. duly announced for that date. for
the purpose of obtaining the popular verdict Of
several proposed items of legislation. includ-
amendment
authorizing the state Legislature to convene
itself for the hearing of complaints. against
state officials and for impeachment proceed
ings
injuncuons. supported by volunteer bands of
citizens armed to the teeth, and the election
held. the governor failing to execute his
an overWhelming @ vote n Il in favor of the amend
ment. The governor Is challenging. on techni-
the war. in Its new phase Of court petitions, in
functions and appeals. goes on
Cow ro ton .ne murK WWn ioo t"9 dire tbreats has
bowed to the majesty of the civil courts; the
gave Mr.. Walton so handsome majority for
governor on an anti-klaH platform, condemns
empire" Gov. Walton seems to have forgotten
not the last obvious lesson of American and
or beneath the earth. martial law is to Anglo
Saxon communities the most Objectionable. And
the Kian are .substantiaiiy Correct. he may may
seem much to be pitied as censured Pre-
day. Meantime he is going to continue martial
law. he says.
lutte from the entire nation for having at the
age of sixty thoroughly mastered the art Of
n a It IS ons har 81 Be- ased 70
salute, it is quite another thing to deserve It,
MisceIlaneOus.-Practica news from
Spain for weeks. OF fact. however.
we have assurance the government is able
to maintain press censorship OF almost
exaupled strictness.
Alexander, King of the Serbs. Croats and
Slovenes, has son and heir. This is blow
to the partisans OF that worthless individual.
enemies of the house OF Karageorgevich But
poor little devil, born in an age that may
The communist revolution in Bulgaria Is of
the past The reyolutionists are dead, in auoa
Is Estimated a he that there are
lepers in the world
Evening star., 1923-10-07
GREAT SOFT COAL STRIKE
LOOMS FOR NEXT APRIL
Operators and Miners Already Squaring
Off for the Fight.-4OO.OOO
Men Affected.

Ellis Scarles, spokesman for the
United Mine Workers of America, IN
the following statement to this cor
respondent:
.The non-union operators, who are
in control of and managing the Ma
tional Coal Association, are doing
everything in their power to bring
about a suspension of operations in
the bituninous industry next April
The present wage agreement between
miners and operators expires March
81. and it is the hope of these nom
union operators to prevent the max
ing of q new agreement.
"They have two purposes in carry
ing out this policy: The first fs' II
possible, to wreck and destroy the
United Mine Workers Of America; !;
second. IL the non-union operators
can force a. suspension In the union
folds of the country they will then
be in a position 70 control an .ne
same outra geous, profteering prices
which they charged during the sus-
pension Of 1922.
.These non-union operators were
mainly responsible for the strike OF
l92o, and the same reason that actu-
ated them ON that occasion actuates
them now. They are at this time car
rying on q vigorous campaign against
the union l,y advocating a wage re-
duction, arbitration of wage hXing
and elimination Of the checko off. They
know full we'll that the union Will
never agree to--any of these proposi-
tions and that by making this hght
they may be able to force a strike"
Consumers storing Coal.
The likelihood OF a strike next
spring has been brought home to the
large industrial consumers of soft
coal. They are taking few chances
upon tho repetition Of the strike OF
two years ago. To that end these
consumers are accumulatfng vast
holdings of coal. The size OF the
present stock pile of soft coal, ac-
cording to the result Of a canvass by
the bureau of the census and the
geological survey, is unusual. Its di-
mensions have been exceeded only on
two occasions, apparently-Armist
strike of 1922
Accumulation Of stocks is tncreas-
ing, and the prospect is that when the
strike comes the country's industries
will have on hand sufficient fuel to
last them montha--a greater. supply
than ever before.
Approximately 100000 soft coal min
ers are members Of the union. which
is the laragest single labor organiza-
tion in the United States. Since the
last strike the union has greatly
strengthened its position, financially
and otherwise. It will be in fighting
fettle when the Tight comes. and the
indications are that this time the
result will be decisive.
Evening star., 1923-10-07

Of the James bay survey in 1922 by
the government of Ontario. 1t shows
that the vast wooded areas of the
north are largely burns. muskeg or
scrub, with tho small patches of green
wood so scattered or remote as to
be inaccessible not only to operation
but to fire protection, with hames
ravaging the country unchecked.
Eliminate the mythical forest
wealth of the north. and We have
the comparatively narrow strip Of
wooded country open to every one.
and here is the supply that Is con-
stantly attacked by pests. storms, fire,
Canadian mills to the number Of 104,
American mills to the number OF
forty -four, with q capacity Of 100 tons
of newsprint each per day, saWmtlls
without number, f1rewoed users need
ing millions OF cords per year: rail-
ways, and mines. requiring millions
OF ties and props; telegraph and tele-
phone companies, using millions of
poles; and fence builders seeking mil
lions of posts. Only madness.
whether American or Canadian inter-
principle of consolidation and con-
servation in the pulpwood industry
of Canada"
American money is pouring into
Canada for the purchase Of pulp wood
forests and the construction of paper
mills. 1t is the opinion of these in
yestors that the diplomatic situation
arising out Of this question Is better
outflanked than frontally attacked.
Americans have just bought between
5000 and 1000 acres of virgin forest
in Nova Scotia. paying from $35 to
$40 an acre. the object being to erect
paper mills and enter upon we'll
tfought-out, scheme Of conservation.
Well informed Canadians state that
at least 60 per cent of the timber re-
sources of Canada are now controlled
by American capital.
Fear is expressed by some Cana
dians and by an occasional writer In
England ,that this large incursion Of
American money into Canada may be
adverse to the countrys nationalistic
interests. This view Is not shared
by responsible men at Ottawa. Mr..
Fielding, acting prime minister. said
to me: What is good for Canada
ought to be good for those who put
their money In Canadian potential
wealth. We are not afraid Of our
American neighbors. whether as visi-
both their money and their construc-
tive energy" ss'e..-.~'-s
|s,. other Farmers May SuRer.
Mr.. Barnjum speaks Of Canadian,
farmers and nearby markets for their
wood, farm produce and labor. There
are, other Canadian = farmers than
those. he has In mind These4sliye
close tAthe border and find their best
markets. for all they 1uye to sell on
tte American side. It Is realized
8 s'ss,s So K s !. .l7tsSa.ya
Evening star., 1923-10-07


n i'm the bituninous field April
~ l next. is fast taking torn' a.
development WHICH only
modern miracle can prevent.
Operators and miners. confidently
believing that it will come, are
souaring off for the fight. The oper-
ators. in addition to their national
association. are maintaining stand
ing committee here, termed the. cl-
luminous operators special. commit
tee, while the miners, within the
next thirty to sixty days will be in
the full swing of electing. members
10 the next national conventions
which will frame demands on behalf
of the workers upon the coal owners 8
The present agreement In the sof'
coal fields expires April ]. The ma
tional convention Of the United Mine
Workers, composed OF delegates rep,
resenttng approximately 4,0oo loca.
January IhnumI: 22. The convention will
Formulate its ideas of the next wage
scale and sometime between Febru-
ary l and April l, miners ana opera
tors again will meet in joint CONFER
ence to bargain.
VIII Ask Wage Increase.
IT seems almost certain at TINS
writing that the miners VIII demand
a sizeable wage Increase ana tne
operators will reject the demand. AL
most four years have passed since the
biturninous miners obtained an ad'
vance I'm wages. Throughout the
fields. where curtailed working time
has held annual income so iar res
than the miners expectations, theIe :;
an almost universal feeNne Una
wages should be Increased. .,
THE existing wage Scales on tuL
time work, probably would give Lnt
Yniners what they regard as an ade-
nmate living wage. But In many nelos
tba miners work only three days :
week. In some fields. due to lack ol
orders and inadequate car supply, lhe
1,,iners have worked only one day
weak. The average for the entire ~,
fustry is less than FIVE days a Weea
A feeling of unusual bitterness pe
tween capital and labor IN ,ne u.sJ
minous industry appears 70 pe maj, az !
fast this year. The miners Claim tAe
onerators are out to reduce wages
and wreck the union. They cnarst
That this aim Is part and parcel OF
the, program of the non-unlon opera. =
tors and that those operators. are !.
control of the industry at the plessn.
time. although numerically non-uhloi
GENERATORS are in the minority.
The feeling is thus summed up .ns
Evening star., 1923-10-07

CONTINUED from First Page.)
be held in this city October IL. Is
and Is for the purpose of "marshaline
moral and Christian forces and re-
ligious organizations in the obserr
ance of all law. but with unique ref.
erence to the eighteenth amendment
and the Volstead act" The meeting.
which is in charge of a committee of
T66 prominent men and women. Is
termed a good citizenship and patri-
otism conference"
The call says that "the problem in
volved is the Constitution versus per
sonal liberty or the mob versus law.
Strong words, huh? This Is not the
view taken Of the question by the
state chamber of commerce of Now
York, which last Thursday adopted a
resolution declaring that the inter
probation a2d enforcement of the
eighteenth amendment through the
VolStead act "are not in the belief
of an unquestionably large number OF
honored and fair-minded people in
accordance with a strict intcrpreta-
tion of the amendment" and urging
amendment of the act 80 as to con-
form more nearly with public senti-
ment and on lines that are more rea-
sonable, just and practicable"
Evening star., 1923-10-07

as measured against the devastation
OF modern consumption. fires and lack
Of thought for conservation and re-
forestation. Among those holding this
view Is Frank ]. D. Barnjunl. who has
made himself known nationally by cry
ishment Of Canada by the destruction of
her forests without regard for her
Industrial rights and welfare"
Mr.. Barnjum knows his own mind
and speaks it with force. His basic po-
litical and economic thesis is that Can
ada, "a young and vigorous democracy
with mission Of leadership In harness
with other friends Of law and liberty"
is both entitled and obligated ito make
the best possible use OF her resources.
Bullying from beyond the border-lan-
guage such as that OF Senator Under
wood. when he threatened forcible
methods of realizing the American
is regarded by Mr.. Barntum and other
Canadians as out Of key with Canadian
American traditions and negligible. +
Wants Plants Mt Forests.
wood cut In Canada" said Mr..
Barnjunf, explaining his position,
SHOULD be manufactured in Canada at
or as near as possible to the place
where 1t grew. Only thus can We en-
JOY what is ours as we want others to
enjoy what is. theirs. Manufacturing
Canadian wood at the place Of produc-
tion means great deal to Canadian
farmers and their families, and conse-
auently great deal to our nation. with
its urgent need for attractions that will
bring settlers from abroad and keep
them here when they come. Our
8 farmers want a nearby market for the
wood cut on their land. and they want
more. They want a mill built and q
town developed here and there IN order
that there may be O local market Tor
their farm produce and occasional extra
work for themselves and those Of their
households.
"An embargo on pulp wood exporta-
ton would injure nobody In the long
run. American manufacturers would
move their mills to Canada, SO far as
they had need to do SO. as many OF
The far-sfghted among them already
tave done. New. mills and larger, in
vestments in this field would Lead to
more che rgetic measures of conser-
vatfon. Competition would keep the
prico right to all concerned. II we
are charged with selfishness in this
connection, let Il be remembered that
pulpwood Is another word for Can
adian solvency today. It. lis one OF
our main financial buiwarks, equal to
agriculture as a producer OF revenue.
No svast wooded Areasso
"..vast wooded areas in Canada is
many. an Ignorant persons rhetorical
stock In trade when discussing this
subject. Considsr the report and map
Evening star., 1923-10-07

tha. they are likely to object to any
action by the government. parrans n,is
Snr f1,eir pulp wood. How. strong
they tSs may may be and how large. Is their
stake in unrestricted exportation OF s
freehold pulp wood will be part OF
the subject matter of the royal conf
missions investigation.
IN the position OF these Canadians
and their American customers one
comes across an aspect of the great
fact Of the closeness OF the interre-
iations Of, the two countries. So real
Is this condition that the Canadian
American relationship suggests the
continuous and inseparable tissue of
a single living organism. It Is virtu-
ally one International texture OF
friendship and business texture
III. which. THE border IS lfttle nfor1
than u theor.tf: r.hde invisible sea1a.. .
Evening star., 1923-10-07
Iceland Uses Ice.

iceland is using artificial ice-para-
doxical as it may sound. This is the
first year that Iceland has employed
refrigeration, especially in the ex-
portation Of meats. Heretofore Ice
land shipped to Great Britain large
s,,a ntities - OF ., mutton which was
salted and. barreled. --...
Evening star., 1923-10-07
Canada Denies Hostile Policy
To U. S. in Pulp Wood Mill Plan

CONTINUED from First Page.)
Evening star., 1923-10-07
e.. o. p. Is Pleased
By 1924 Outlook

CONTINUED from First Page.)
Evening star., 1923-10-07
B1 HARDEN COLEAx.

MOTHER nation nwide coal strike
~ in the bituninous field Aprii
~ 1 next, is fast taking form az
n a DEVELOPMENT WHICH only
Evening star., 1923-10-07
Value to Student Pilots.

The records themselves should be
of considerable value to student
pilot In enabling him 10 visualize the
movements Of the controls and the
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-12-28
HARVARD GLEE
LUB COMING
To D. {.
viii Be Heard IN Concert at
Masonic Auditorium Next
Tuesday.

The Harvard GIee Club. which
will be heard at the Masonic audi.
torium next Tuesday evening, has
become recognized as q mems
chorus Of the highest rank, and In.
its development from an ordinary
college glee club has exercised
not e little influence on choral
singing In general.
In 1919 the Harvard Glee Club
undertook the experiment Of sing.
ing first-rate music, classical and
modern, and suddenly came into
prominence as one of the outsfand.
ing mems choruses of the United
States.
The man to whom the credit for
this achievement is due is DR..
Archibald z. Dawson. For some
wears he had been organist and
choirmaster at the chapel, and
under his direction the chapel choir
had gained q, wide reputation for
the fine quality Of its selections and
the slx11I with which It rendered
them.
Tuesday evening the program win
include compositions BY Schultz, Wit
tofiaL. Decius, Lott, Morley, Hoist,
sullivan, Ireland, Elgar and Handel.
AS usual, the local management
OF the club is with the concert bu-
reau Of T.. Arthur Smith, Inc 1856
q street.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-12-28
AGED NAN SLAIN
AND ROBBED
|NHOME
Finger Prints on Scissors Used
to Open Drawer Are
Only Clue.
By international News Service.

CLEVELAND, Ohio, Dec. 2s.-
With Coroner A. P. Hammond hold.
Ing an autopsy today to determine
the exact cause of death, police
were extending their search for two
or more men who first bound and
gagged Adam Wachtel, seventy
nine, then robbed and murdered
him. His body was found last
night in his apartment, shortly
after the murder. The rifIed pocket
books were found near the body.
Police believe that WachteI was
strangied by the robbers, but Coro-
ner Hammond holds the opinion
that death may have been caused
by q cerebral. hemorrhage, induced
by shock.
Finger prints found on a pair
OF scissors used by the nnurderers
in an unsuccessful attempt to pry
open q bureaus drawer are the
only clue to the identity Of the
The crime was discovered by a
neaghbor woman who entered the
apartment to help Wachtel pack
up some clothes left by his wife.
who died month ago.
When police arrived they said
that Wachtel had been dead less
than half an hour.
Wachtel was collector for the
Casualty Fire and Life Insurance
Company. OF Chicago.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-12-28
ELECTRIC SUN LIGHTS
MAUDE ADAMS STUDIO

NEW YORK. Dec. 28.-The secrecy
around Miss Maude Adams act1vt'
ties the past two years in her labora-
tory in Schenectady, where she Is
said to have developed new lighting
and color effects in motion picture
photography, was partly dissolved
by General Electric officials, who
are among the very few privileged
to enter the studio.
One means by which Miss Adams
hopes to get away from the flat"
effect of pictures is artificial sum
light developed by thirteen LOG, 900
candle-power incandesent lamps, the
largest ever built.
From the second floor these shine
on reflectors which turn the light to
the scene" room on the ground
floor.
The system is said to provide a
yellow. non-actinic light, having the
least possible power to effect cheTni-
cal changes. BY it's use Miss Adams
is said to achieve depth as in a.
painting, and, in combination with
the color effects on which she has
been collaborating with the Eastman
Kodak Company, is declared to be
the nearest yet approximation to the
color harmonies and perspective Of
nature
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-12-28
LOCOMOTIVE UNION
TO PENSION WIDOWS

CLEVELAND, Dec. 2S.-The board
Of governors Of the Pension Associa-
ton OF the Brotherhood of Locomo-
tive Engineers announces payment
of the widows pension became
effective December 1. On that date
2S1 widows were placed on the PEN
sion list and will draw a fixed
amount each month. In addition
there win be paid to them an aggre-
gate sum Of $SO,650 in back pay for
pensions from the dates Of their
husbands deaths.
Warren 8. Stone, president OF the
brotherhood, referring to the widows
pension, said:
Perhaps one Of the most histori-
cal events that ever happened In the
annals OF organized labor occurred
when the board Of governors of the
Pension Association decided upon
putting into effect the widows pen
sion"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-12-28
OFFICERS ELECTED BY
MT. PLEASANT MASONS

Vernon G. Owen, past master Of
Mt. Pleasant lodge Of Masons, was
elected junior grand steward of the
grand lodge last night. Other Off
GERS move forward one station,
Charles r. Roberts to grand mas
ter, succeeding Mark It. Finley.
Luther r. CHM, Charles e. Bald
win and Charles j. James were
named as representatives in the
Masonic and Eastern Star home.
A past masters jewel was pre-
sented to the retiring grand master,
DR.. Mark r. Finley, by Past Grand
Charles G. COombs.