davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

ton. This meant saving in buying
lime of about $1,000.
The alfalfa acreage jumped 300
acres in 1922, due to the chance to get
home ground limestone. Now state sta
tistics show that whereas the average
production of mixed hay has been 1.6
tons per acre during the past ten
years in Wisconsin, alfalfa has aver
aged 2.7 tons per acre, or more than a
ton per acre more. Eight hundred
acres Of alfalfa will produce 800 tons
more hay than if the land were in
mixed hay in 1923.
Green Lake farmers who are buy
ing alfalfa hay this winter report that
it costs at least $25 a ton. Figuring
800 tons worth only $50 a ton, the ex-
cess alfalfa production in 1923 made
possible by Lacey's lime grinder will
be worth $4,000 to his farmers.
Saving by home grinding limestone,
1000 in one year.
Profits from raising alfalfa, $4,000
a year for five years or more to comet
Which line of work offers the county
agent more opportunity to make his
farmers more money?
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
CHICKEN LICE WORRY FOWLS
Application of Blue Ointment Is Eff
ficacous-S Sodium FIuorid Also
Works Well.

A study of the life of chicken lice
shows that there are a dozen different
kinds injecting the same bird. Most
of them, however, frequent the rear
part of the body at least once in every
tWenty-four hours where they obtain
the necessary moisture for their life
and growth This moisture is obtain
ed from around the vent. This habit
of lice would answer one method Of
treatment, the use of blue ointment.
Blue ointment applied around the
vent and under the wing Of each fowl
affected seems to get rid Of the lice
in very short time. A piece the
size of good sized pea is plenty for
one bird. If the blue ointment is
thick and heavy it should be melted
SO that 1t can be applied in very
thin layer. 1t is we'll to make a second
application two weeks after the first,
especially If the birds are badly af
fected.
We find that about two applications
a year seem to be sufficient to control
the lice.
Any of the advertised lice powders
and many of the home made powders
seem to work very well for a short
time. Their results, however, are only
temporary, thus involving considerable
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

the homeseeker or farmer looking for
a new location, from road engineers,
land banks, and large loan compa-
MES.
Cooperating with the Department
Of Justice, representatives Of the soil
survey furnished expert testimony In
a case involving the changing of state
boundaries during the past year. A
detailed map was made Of the soils
Of the Red river bottoms, in the vi.
cinity Of the Burkburnett oil field, for
the purpose Of showing the process by
which the bottoms were built up, this
fact having an important bearing on
the settlement of a boundary dispute
between Texas and Oklahoma. The
question as to whether the land in con-
troversy was formed by accretion or
by avulsion would practically decide
the issue, and consequently extremely
detailed soil maps, profile maps OF
deep borings, and careful mechanical
analyses of material were necessary
in order to determine the presence or
absence of a graduation from coarse to
finer alluyial sediments from the edge
of the bottoms toward the uplands.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

It is generally assumed that one OF
the most important parts of the
county agents job is to help his farm
ers make more money.
Many farmers are asking the ques-
>tion: Which work will make the most,
to have the county agent assemble
orders for such things as seed, feed
and lime, or give his attention to
efficiency in producing and selling?
James Lacey, county agent of Green
Lake county, Wisconsin, has some ex-
perience which throws some light
on this question. In 1919 his farmers
used about fifty tons of ground lime
stone and the alfalfa acreage in the
county was very small.
Lacey persisted in advocating lime
and alfalfa and the acreage of the
crop gradually increased until in 1921
about 400 tons of lime was used at a
cost Of about So a ton and about $50
acres of alfalfa was planted.
In 1922, still working to get more al
falfa grown, Lacey got a portable
grinder at work and about 1000 tons
Of ground limestone was secured by
farmers near various quarries for 81
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
POULTRY NOTES
The hen that lays 100 eggs a year
is doing very good work.


The hen that lays 100 eggs a year
is doing very good work.
Winter eggs should be the constant
object of poultry dock owners.
It is not so much what is fed as
how it is given that brings results.
Frozen combs are a good sign Of
poor ventilation in the henhouse. It's
not so much the cold as the humidity.
Chickens that are sick or anemic
and doing poorly should be culled out
at all times. The spindle-legged,
long-headed, shallow-bodied pullets
should be eliminated as soon as dis
covered.
Use one male bird to every ten or
fifteen hens of the heavier breeds, and
one to every fifteen or twenty Leghorn
hens to give good fertility.
Wyandottes have standard weight
of 81a pounds for cocks; 67s pounds
for hens; 715 pounds for cockerels,
and 515 pounds for the pullets.
Geese generally mate in pairs, but
occasionally where You have two or
three ganders you can WORK in an
extra goose and find that the eggs
will be fertile; otherwise not
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

Docking and castration of lambs
destined for the market materially in
creases their market value because of
Improvement in quality, according to
the United States Department of Agri-
culture
There are several reasons for this.
Docking makes the headquarters of
lambs appear more blocky and deep
and 1t also adds much to the clean.
illness of the animals. Thus they APP
pear more attractive to the buyer
when they reach the market Ewes
which are to be kept in the breeding
flock should also be locked as a very
large portion Of the unlocked ewes
will fail to breed.
Good Quality Desirable.
Ram lambs over three months of
age tend to grow thin and develop
coarse shoulders and neck. Thin
f1eshed, coarse, open-shouldered lambs
are not of a desirable quality and
when they reach the market they are
Disseminated against by the buyers
because of these features. If the lambs
are castrated and locked when they
are few days old their growth will
not be retarded. On the other hand
they will present a better appearance
and If they have been properly fed
will have a smooth, desirable finish
at four months Of age. Lambs of good
quality in this condition command a
nd
lambs at the markets. Oftentimes
during the period when the Jersey
City market is receiving large numbers
of lambs from the Eastern states,
lamb prices at that market f1uctuate
sharply because of the high percentage
of unlocked and bucl1y lambs which
are Disseminated against by buyers
seeking a high-quality product Improv-
ing the quality of the lambs intended
for that market will help to stabilize
prices, according to members OF the
trade represented there.
Wether lambs are quiet and easily
handled. They feed well and make
good gains in flesh, particularly in the
hindquarters, the region Of the high
priced cuts. Thuska better quality of
carcass is secured together with higher
market prices for wether lambs. Meat
Of this quality when sold by the re
taller will result in a well satisfied
consumer and a future demand for
more meat of the same quality. 1t is
often stated that lambs which are to
be shipped to the market before they
are four months old need not be
castrated. This is a mistake as some
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

it seems still to be at the flood tide,
but even here it must give way.
'What shall we do" writes one moth
err, ito solve the rush to town in the
'fiiyver after the chores are done up,
to the cheap movies and the jazz
dancer
Organized Play Drives Out Jazz.
The solution must come in the d.
rection Of organized recreation. Too
long this phase Of country life has
lapsed by default. In fact, may it not
be that this lack of attention has
opened the way for much that has
been Objectionable? The best defense,
therefore, is a mighty offense. Some
of the organized forms for recreation
are the picnic, an old settlers re-
union, a community fair, a debating
club, a country life club, track meet
a barbecue, community singing, a pa
triotfc celebration, a historic pageant,
a play by local talent, and all sorts
Of ball games adapted to old and
young, men and women alike
Not only must play be organized and
planned out, but it must become the
concern Of the community itself which
shall act as the directive local unit.
This unit in very many cases will in
clude both open country and the vii
lage or city. Rural groups of people
are more and more finding themselves
in close relationships with the nearby
town because of improvements In
transportation, and therefore their So
ciaI and amusement problems are mat
tiers Of mutual concern.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
AVERAGE FARM WAGES
TAKE ANOTHER DROP
Decrease of 81 to ga Per Cent
Seen in Last Quarter.
Highest Monthly Rate Without Board
Was 1921 in Western Division,
and Lowest Was $3o.71 in
South Atlantic States.

IPrepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
The average of farm wages Tor the
entire United States dropped from 81
to ga per cent during the three months
from October /. to January /, accord
ing to the quarterly survey made by
the United States Department OF AZ
riculture.
AS an average for the country, day
farm Iaborers are receiving $1.9S a
day without board and STAT with
board. Farm labor by the month is
being paid $4,000 a month without
board, and $27.81 with board.
Every geographic division except the
South central division reported fall
ing average farm wages during the
three months covered. The largest
declines ranged from 81 to 1873 per
cent in the west north central states !;
the smallest declines were in the North
Atlantic and south central states.
The highest average monthly rate
without board was $62.71g in the west
ern division, and the lowest was S30.71
in the South Atlantic states. The
highest monthly rate with board was
S42.78 in the western division, and the
lowest was $21.O6 in the South Allan
tic division.
In hiring by the day without board,
the highest average rate was 1922 in
the North Atlantic states, and the low
est was $1.40 in the South Atlantic
states. With board, the highest day
rate was $2.13 in the North Atlantic
states, and the lowest was $1.05 in the
south central states.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
MEANS or SPREADING IT. B."
Several Causes Responsible for Preva-
Ience of Dread Disease Among
Cattle Herds.

"How did tuberculosis get such a
hold In my herd?" is a question that
has puzzled many a stockman. The
following causes have been found by
experts to be largely responsible for
the prevalence Of tuberculosis among
cattle:
Bringing INFESTED cattle into the
herd.
Common drinking tank.
Common feeding troughs or pasture.
Nosing at fence lines or breaking
through fences.
Poorly ventilated barns or sheds.
Feeding of unpasteurized milk from
infected cows to calves or hogs.
Unburned dead animals eaten or
scattered by hogs or dogs.
Breeding to infected bull or serving
cows outside tested herds.
There are other ways in which the
disease can be spread, but undoubted-
" stockmen can do much to check
the inroads of this disease by reducing
to the minimum danger from the
sources mentioned.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

of the ram lambs will begin to worry
the rest of the flock and to lose flesh
before this time Furthermore, the
market may not be strong at the time
the lambs reach this age and they may
be held back by the owner for several
weeks for higher prices. During this
time the ram lambs will not only
rapidly lose in weight but if kept
with the rest of the flock they will also
cause the ewes and eve lambs to
lose flesh.
Operation Not Dangerous.
Neither docking nor castrating are
dangerous operations if properly per-
formed. Lambs should be locked and
castrated when they are from
seven to fourteen days of age,
as there is practically no retarding
of growth and less pain than is the
case when they are older Lambs may
be both locked and castrated at the
same time, thus avoiding the neces-
sity of handling them twice The
operations should be performed on a
clear, cool morning and care should
be taken that the animals are not ex-
cited or overheated either before or
after the work is done.
A sharp knife or some type of dock
ing irons may be used to do the dock
ing. In either case the tail should be
cut at the first joint which occurs
about one inch from the body. IL a
knife is used the lamb should be held
with the feet up, the rurnp resting on
the top of the fence or upon the knee
of the person assisting in the work.
There is less pain when the knife is
used, but there is more loss of blood
and it is sometimes necessary to tie
a string around the stump to prevent
the lamb from losing a large amount
of blood This string must be re-
moved a few hours later. When hot
irons are used it is necessary to rest
the lamb on a board The irons scar
the stump as the cut is made and
this prevents the loss Of blood. The
wound will heal more slowly, however,
than when a knife is used.
In castrating, the lamb should be
held in the same position as for dock
ing. The lower third Of the scrotum
should be cut off and the testicles
pulled straight out. It is highly inn
portant that the wound be washed
with an antfseptic solution and that
the hands and knife be disinfected
for each operation. 1t is also neces-'
sary to furnish clean quarters for the
lambs in order to prevent infection
Of the wounds.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
BY j. RI. KoLB of the Wisconsin Col
ege of Agriculture.

BY j. II. KOLB OF the Wisconsin Col
lege of Agriculture.
"This is a year when farm people
need recreation and relaxation"
A leading farm paper editor says so,
and most of us will agree with him.
For as he points out there have been
strains in the great ''after-the-war
adjustments.
1t is true that attention has been
centered quite largely on the dollar
sign and on the diminishing. store of
supplies, while social life has been
shut in somewhat by the gate of win
ter. The winter seasons have many
advantages, for the evenings are long
and the days themselves are not so
crowded with work which cannot be
delayed.
Spring and summer times are busy
times on Wisconsin farms, but days
are long, evenings are warm and in
viting, roads are good and there are
little breathing spaces between seed
ing time and corn planting, or per-
haps haying and harvesting. These
are the times for recreation and re-
taxation.
Plan Is Needed.
This play activity must be planned
out in advance since some degree of
mental effort is needed even to have
a real good time. Things do not hap
pen by mere accident even in the coun-
try Community life is an achieve
ment. Play activity with a little
guidance and foretho1ght is one of
the most rapid means of building up
real community spirit, of bridging over
jealousies and of putting the emphasis
where it belongs in rural life-upon
the boys and girls the men and the
women.
This play program can take very
many forms and herein lies its prom
Use since every community, no mat
ter how humble or how isolated, can
find some phases suited to its needs
The "jazz" kind of play, so little re-
moved from the tom-tom Of the jun
gle, is ebbfng out in the larger CEN
tiers, borne down by its own weight
while in some of the smaller centers
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
SUPPLY OF ARSENIC IS LOW
Fruit Growers Who Have Not Already
Purchased Summer Stock should
Hasten to Do SO.

A. G. Ruggles, Minnesota state ento-
mologist, sounds warning that supplies
Of crude arsenic, upon which mixtures
for fighting insects are commonly
based, are running very low. He ex-
plains that the copper smelling indus
try has been operated far below ca
pacity and that as arsenic is a by
product of the shelters, its produc-.
ton is not sufficient to meet the de-
mand. 1T looks now as If there would
be a serious shortage in 1929" says
Mr.. Ruggles. "As all of our stomach
Insecticides paris green. arsenate Of
lead, arsenate of zinc, arsenate OF call
cium-are made from the crude arsen-
lie, fruit growers who have not already
purchased supplies should hasten to
do so"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
RAPE VALUABLE AS PASTURE
Plants Sometimes Grow More Than
Three Feet High Yielding Twen-
ty Tons of Forage.

Rape is a rank growing forage
plant closely resembling the rutabaga
or Swedish turnip, but with root
much like that of the cabbage. The
leaves are large, smooth and spread
ing. The plant ordinarily reaches a
height Of IS to "a inches and yields
from eight to ten tons of green forage
to an acre. Under favorable condi-
lions the plants sometimes grow more
than three high, while yields of 20 tons
of forage are not uncommon. The
value of the crop lies in It's use as a
pasture.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

labor in holding down this trouble.
Good dust wallow handy to the poultry
house also adds considerably to con-
trolling this pest.
Sodium fuorid can also be used to
control lice This is common prep
aration which can be obtained at any
drug store. It is applied by what is
known as the pinch method. A pinch
should be worked into the fluff of the
tail, a pinch under each wing, pinch
on the back, and a pinch worked into
the neck feathers. This treatment
seems to work very well. BY Harry
Embleton, Professor of Poultry Huss
bandry, Oklahoma A. and NJ. College.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29

Cleaner and Healthier Fruit.
sulting from rough edges are little
noticed when the tomatoes are packed,
but may afford an entrance for fungi
that will develop rots in transit.
Much unnecessary bruising results
from the careless emptying of the
picking baskets into the field crates.
It has been pointed out that green to-
matoes are easily bruised. In dump
ing the fruit from the basket to the
field crate the latter should be tilted
so that the tomatoes are permitted to
roll gently down the side of the crate"
Methods Of Packing.
Standard packages used in various
parts Of the country are fully de
scribed and illustrated, as well as the
accepted methods of packing tomatoes
in the crates, Tugs md baskets. Pic
lures show specimens of defective or
diseased stock which must be excluded
if the tomatoes are to be properly
graded so as to bring the highest cash
returns to the grower.
Considerable space is devoted to
discussion of pacing sheds, ranging
from temporary field shelters to the
most improved central packing houses.
The economy and effectiveness of run
ning tomatoes through we'll
equipped, modern packing plant is
pointed out by the author. A diagram
shows the most desirable sorting and
packing apparatus in general USE
The bulletin closes ny emphasizing
the importance of careful inspection
of the tomatoes IN the process Of
packing or while being loaded into
cars, and also calls attention to the
federal inspection service available in
terminal markets on arrival OF these
highly perishable shipments.
The publication should be of value
to all growers and shippers of toma-
toes. Proaluce dealers and students OF
marketing problems likewise viii find
In it much helpful material. Copies
Of the bulletin may be obtained free
upon request to the United States
Department Of Agriculture, Washing
son. .. @.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
CROW SOY BEANS WITH CORN
Amount of Protein Is Increased and
Combination Is Valuable for
Hogging OFF.

Soy beans grown with corn increases
the amount Of protein in the crop.
This is generally valuable because
corn lacks sufficient protein for most
kinds of stock. It pays to plant
few pounds of soy beans per acre in
corn to be hogged off. It would add
very little to the value of shredded
slower because the soy beans would be
likely to lose most of their leaves
If the corn were allowed to ripen be-
fore cutting.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
ACID PHOSPHATE WILL HELP
Checks Loss of Nitrogen and Adds
Valuable Plant Food-Not Good
as Preservative.

The use of acid phosphate with ma
nure is a help in checking the loss of
nitrogen, as well as actually adding
valuable plant food. Ground rock
phosphate is frequently recommended
for use with manure, but it does not
do much good as a preservative,
though it is undoubtedly Of benefit as
a source of phosphorus. If peat is
readily available 1t will be good es a
preservative, almost as good as acid
phosphate, and possibly much cheaper
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
KEEP YOUNG LAMBS GROWING.
Small Opening into Adjoining Lot
Where Forage Crop Is Growing
Is Excellent Plan.

It is an excellent practice to have
growing some palatable forage near
the regular sheep pasture for the
lambs to feed upon while they are still
sucking the ewes. If the forage crop
is sown in an adjoining lot, a small
opening can be made through the fence
so that the lambs have access to the
supplemental feed. They will soon
learn the trick of running to the for,
age feed and in this way will stimu.
late flesh and bone growth Rape Is
an excellent forage for this purpose.
New clover is splendid.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
SALT WILL KILL BARBERRY
Effective Way TO Eradicate Bush That
Aids in Spreading Disease of
Wheat Plant.

Ten, pounds of crushed rock salt
placed at the base of the common bar
berry bush shrub that aids in spread
ing wheat rust is an effective way to
kill 1t, says j. II. Muncie, in charge Of
eradication work in Iowa.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
SOIL SURVEYS SERVE
VARIETY OF DEMANDS
Prominent Are Those From Va
rious Developing Companies.
interesting to Farmer or Homeseeker
Looking for New Location and to
Road Engineers and Large
Loan Companies.

prepared by the United States Department
Of Agriculture.)
Soil surveys made by the bureau OF
soils, United States Department of Ag-
riculture, are filing an increasing va
riety Of demands Prominent among
these demands, in addition to those
coming from the cooperating states,
are those from development companies
interested in opening up large tracts
Of cut-over land to settlement, from
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
BADGER Cranberry cron

Wisconsin is one of the three states
to supply the making Of Americas
cranberry pies. The annual crop in
the Badger state usually amounts to
from $4,000 to $4,000 barrels.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-03-29
MANY siIos in wisoons,n

There are more silos on Wisconsin
farms than in any other state in the
Union. Federal officials estimate the
total of 9o371 silos 1921), or a silo
for every two farms.