davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-07-01
UNCLE SAM IS TEACHING
CHILDREN HOW TO PLAY
Manual OF Instructions From Department
of Labor Gives Valuable Advice %
for Playground Supervisors.

probably the most important part Of
the game with the children. who are at
the most impressionable age of their
Join in so that the children would catch
the spirit Of the instructor and be led
by that. Some of the dos and donts''
suggested by Miss Speskman are. not
to spoil child's pleasure by frtroduc-
and Judgment about risks and dares. for
instance, encourage. but not force, timid
children to take risks and give dares.
Care should be taken not to make the
games too serious. but rather play them
with view to getting laughter and en-
joyment out Of them.
Another important element on the
playfield Is honor. While 1t is desira BILE
to Undue the children with deternina-
tion to win by putting all they have
out that It should be Impressed upon
the youngsters that 1t is far betterto
lose than to win by being dishonorabIe
or cheating.
Programs OF Games
Games suggested in the government 8
manual are yarraigned to suit children
Of all ages, and each game for the de-
velopment OF some particular trait In
the participants. Here is program Of
school-room games for youngsters from
six to ten years: -"Cat and Mice" an
active game that has in it the essen
tials for the development Of alertness:
''Who is knocking at my door, quiet
game for the development of hearing:
Jack SLAP" an active running game
for the development Of alertness; 'who
has gone from the ring" quiet game
for the development of observation;
Fox and squirrel" a quiet game which
trains children to notice and distinguish
materials and colors. IT see; say
'Stoop'," or Magic music are games
that will develop In this class Of young
sterS self control, alertness and con-
ceptration. In the manual are also
playground games calculated to develop
the same qualities in children.
Games for children over tan years are
Tag -the-wall relay" an active game
producing alertness. IT spy" or Indian
running" for the development of OBJ
servation; Going to jerusalem" for
alertness, while Dumb crambo'' viii
develop self control.
Many other indoor and playground
games are suggested in the manual
which is free for the asking. Not only
does the government undertake to sug-
gest these games but tells in its publi-
cation how to play them.
Evening star., 1923-07-01
Not Enough Mechanics to Do
Construction Work Under Way

started in cooperation with. school
authorities. Such schools for ap-
prentices have now been started in
more than sixty Of our principal
cities. For example, g.. permanent
national plan was evolved at. O. con-
ference in Cleveland on June to
provide the construction Industry
with sufficient bricklayers.. This con-
ference was called by the Common
Brick Manufa ctureTs Association and
was attended by such interests as
masonry construction 'contractors' as.
sociations, building employers asso-
ciations. National Associa ton of
builders Exchanges. members OF the
International Bricklayers' Union. the
.ederal director OF vocational eduea-
ton under the Smith Hughes act.
public and trade school representa-
tives and representatives Of the
American Institute OF Architects.
Working to Lenstken sea.o..
The greatest relief is exnectad
through lengthening of the buiidins
season. Secretary Hoover is worki .
with the various branches az tbe
building industry to show that n Is
OF common interest to the crafts en-
property owner. to the general pubiic
He argues that steady empInyment
even at much lower and stabl4 wa ~
scale, is Infinitely more desirable so
the craftsman and all others and for
the economic welfare OF the counfrv
Another relief effort Of SecretaTv
Hoover's is now being tried out, IL
instituted the board On jurfsdictionaj
awards. That board consists OF rep
resentatives Of labor, architects. con :
tractors. builders' exchanSes snd
other parties at interest. whers
questions OF Jurisdiction, as between
sheet-metal workers or Carpenters
or between any two of the fifty-ons
crafts, arise instead Of sstoppinc
work, each craft continues at wori
until this board makes it's decision
Heretofore. so closely does each Graf
follow enothe.s IL the sequence of
work ON. 2 building that when one
Evening star., 1923-07-01
CONTINUED from First Page.)

Continued. from First Psge.)
have his building finished by that
date. he cannot get good tenants, but
must be satisfied with Sthe leftovers.
So the contractor has to get the
building finished, no matter, what he
has TO- pay the craftsmen. Then, too.
the individual home owner usually
insists on having repair work done
in the fall or spring. This work
could be just as well scattered
throughout the year. The paint man
ufacturers used to advertise-''paint
in the spring" but now they are ad-
vertising paint throughout the year" }"
and inside painting can be done just
as well in the winter as in the spring.
Has Attendant Evils.
The common leasing date evil also
disturbs the economic situation in this
way--the National Capital Is a good
example-tenants who furnish their
own coal, in small houses, are not
going to buy coal in the summer
months and store 1t till they know
where they are going to live. So
that, II the common leasing date is
abolished 1t will not only ease up on
the congested building period but also
on the coal problem. -.
Thus, 1t will be seen, that in but :
ing and repair work. we have been
creating a peak load In the building
trades. Also it is self-evident that
we cannot do much more building
since we are already using all the
material at hand. -
Some future relief is ;, inevitable
from the system of apprentice train
ing schools which certain industries,
such as paint and plumbing manufac-
turers and the brickmakers. have
Evening star., 1923-07-01

IN HE United States government has
/ ever in mind that the children
of today will be the citizens
= who are to guide the destinies
of the nations future, and therefore 1t
is keeping watchful eye on matters
nertaining to the welfare of the Aneri-
can youth.
Under the direction Of Miss Grace
Abbott, the children's bureau, part Of
the Department of Labor. is looking
ont for their welfare, ''All work and
no play makes. Jack dull boy is an old
and familiar saying, therefore play is
one Of the things that the childrens
bureau is interested in. Play, however,
like everything else must be conducted
properly and the games must be OF the
sort and variety to induce the bringing
forward of the finer qualities in the
nations boys and girls. Realizing this,
Martha Traviila Speakman OF the stan
OF children's bureau has prepared for
the government manual on organized
play. -
Grading OF Games.
One Of the great things that teachers
should be impressed with is the fact
that gaines must be graded and that to
become interested and derive enjoyment
and benefit from the game the children
must properly understand it points out
Miss speaknan. For instance. in order
to bring the method Of proper reerea-
tfon into effect, Miss Speakman says
that little children find the greatest
pleasure in playing simple games
Games of make-believe and repetition.
older children demand games that are
more complicated and Individual, wnlie
stiIl older children take pleasure IN
playing team games, where eompetltion
fs the greatest feature.
II has been found after study that
first it is essential to select the right
games for the right children and then
10 see that all the children are Included
in the games, the object OF which should
be to awaken the youngsters sense OF
aIertness, hearing and seeing. Experi.
ments have shown conclusively. that IL
a child is made to feel that he is an es-
senttal factor in the game he derives
better mental and physical benefits than
IL he feels that he Is just allowed TO
play.
How Games Are Built Up.
A great deal Of psychological study
has been necessary to get together the
works from which Miss Speakman has
compiled the manual for organized play.
1t has been found that It is best to ar
range the recreation OF the children SO
that It will include quiet as we'll as
active play. and that it is best to
choose clever children to start a new
game, starting It easy at first and
gradually increasing it's difficuity and
letting children find out themselves the
points involved in the game.
| Fair play, the manual points out, is
Evening star., 1923-07-01

group struck practically all the
other grbups stopped in consequence
brick masons. sheet-netal>worker ers,
carpenters. plumbers. electricians,
tile setteIss roofers, painters. 'etc.
Mr. Hoover.s strong argument in
putting this idea over-ailowing the
dispute to be. heard by the board
while all artisans kept on WORKING
was for self-government in the
building industry"
Mr.. Hoover has never said that
private building should be stopped
what he Is trying to DO ia to have
this building extended oEe0 an an
the.Year season.
Evening star., 1923-07-01
By ETHELBERT STEWART,
:. 8. COamissfoner Of Labor Statistics

By ETHELBERT STEWART,
Z. s. ConMissfoner of Labor Statistics.
TINE state Of employment in for
eign. countries has on the
whole shown signs Of i'm
+. provement during the four
months ending April 30. After al
lowing for seasonal fluctuations,
which generally .depress the labor
market in tho winter months. condi-
tions are better than in the months
Immediately preceding, and consid-
erably better than the corresponding
months Of last year.
In only two or three Of the coun-
tries for. which statistics are avail
able Germany, Austria and perhaps
Italy) are. Industrial conditions be-
coming worse. The better volume of
employment in Great Britain leads
logically to the conclusion that the
current state Of world markets and
trade, and therefore also Of employ
ment, is better than at any time since
1921. BY the end of March, the occu-
patton of the Ruhr district began to
show its effect upon employment In
Germany by an increase In the num-
Der of totally unemployed; and by
greatly increased short-tfme opera
tion Of plants Upon other countries
the RNhr occupation had partly
favorable effect, as 1t caused a de-
crease in the competition OF German
goods in Lhe home markets Of these
countries. In part, however, the ef-
feot was unfavarobale, owing to the
failure Of deliveries Of semf-manu.
factured materials and fuel from the
Ruhr- and the unwiliingness OF Ger
- >Aag
from the French authorities.
:, Summary OF Situation.
Briefly summarized the situation in
the individual countries at the latest
date for which data are available is
as follows:
Great Britain-An encouraging de-
crease of unemployment during the
first quarter of 1929 has been one of
the substantial signs of improving
conditions for British industry and
trade: During April employment
showed a further improvements, the
Of sss.y ssmDoysa aooya.a sayiRs was
the same period in 1922. there are
now. close to 100000 fewer recipients
Of the unemployment dole. Condi-
tions differ greatly In the various In
duStry groups, but IL IS Sfgnlncant
that among. the ten~leading British
Industries, the textile industry alone
has failed to show imProyement since
January. The engineering group far
outstrips all others In actual number
Of unemployed ~(1S6,45 but In per-
centage of fdleness. the ship building
industry cas- per cent Of. workers
unemployed) stands in q class by it
self. The other extreme is repre-
sehted by coal mining. in which the
per cent OF unemployed ta.2:per cent?
is close to what might be called
normal for the industry.
Working Reduced TiRe.
Gerinapy--The advancing season
brought about Improved employment
in March for agriculture and the. hotel
and restaurant trades only In the
building trades unemployment was
again widely prevalent. while in other
industries, the situation as a whole
remained unchanged from the preced-
Ing month. Generally. It may be
stated that the unemployment re-
ported consisted3 in working reduced
time rather than in complete cessa-
ton of work = &Asz i
Evening star., 1923-07-01

United States government has
ever in mind that the children
of today will be the citizens
- ~r,,,o o~a IN 0,,ida the destiniNe
Evening star., 1923-07-01

switzerland-The favorable devel
Evening star., 1923-07-01

! self, or words to that effect, and go
get another cash girl.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-03-10

En- los circulos financieros Y CO.
merciales de nuestro "Wall Street"
(la calle de Tetuan) Sc ha1laba aver
de que estaba punto de constituir-
Sc en- Nueva York un gran trust con
un capital de $10o,0O0,00O, aproxima-
damente, y el cual tenfa el PROPOSE
to de dedicar sus actividades a es-
peculiar con los az1cares de Cuba y
Puerto Rico.
Sc ignora en- detalles quienes son
los principales iniciadores &c tan po-
derosa corporation, pero no obstante
Sc sabe que la mayor parte de las
companias azdcareras cuya fusion sc
indica, radican Ell la isla de Cuba,
ignorandcse asf mismo 81 entire elias
fgura alguna de nuestras centrales.
Hace I'm par de semanas dimos cuen-
ia de haber visitado esta isla un no.
table financiero y banquero de Nueva
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-03-10

Continuation de la la. pagina)
segdn el proyecto que en- Ell llltimo
9arrafo Sc reflere ell Lcdo. Mestre, los
iueoes de la Corts dc San Juan conoce-
ran indistintamente, dc todos los casos
}endientes en- las actuales cortes del
2rimero y segundo distrito los que
IN adelante sc radiquen en- la of1cina
5el Secretario. Cuando fuere convenien-
te necesario podran los jueces celebrar
separadamente en- una misma Sec
cion, vistas juicios civiles crimina-
les, no obstante Ell trabajo que les hui
biere sido asignado individualmente en-
as deInas secciones, segan mas adelan-
Q Sc dispone. Ell juez que celebre ell
iuicio de un case contencioso aquel a
1Cien Sc lie sometan las pfuebas de un
aSunto ex parte, estara facultado para
.eSolyerlo exclusivamente en- defniti.
va, atn cuando no estuviere actuando
2ntonces en- la seccion de donde proce-
ca Ell aSunto resuelto; Y su decision G
sentencia tendra la plena autoridad dc
Ia Corte. Los jueces tendran eierae-
an Jurisdiction co-existente entire ST
2entro de los lfmites del distrito Judi
c1al Ge San Juan en- todos los asuutos
c1viles criminales, segin SO hubiere
conferido por la ley las demas cortes
dc distrito a Sis respectivos jueces.
Tendran, ademas, jurisdiction en- ape
lacion de asuntos civiles crimirales
contra las sentencias que en- las mismas
dicten las cortes municipales de paz.
CON el. fin ne hacsr efectiva Ia irris-
oilccion que por Ia preSente Sc les cor
fiere cada uno de los jueces podra expo
DIR autos de Injunction, Certiorari, Maa
1amus, Quo Warranto, nhibitorios y
Grdenes de Embsrgc Manasmientos dc
Eiccuci6n y otros que II ley estabIsce
que pudieran expedir cnalescuie-a da
los jueces de las cortSs de distris9 dc
Puerto Rico. Ademas, cada uno de los
jueces de dicha corte podra e5nocer az
los recursos de HAEEAs CORPUS. Di-
chos jucces Sc reuniran para acord II
la asignaci6n entire 81 del trabaio de
las secciones de la Corte segin oueda,,
eStablecidas en- el Art. 3 de esta ley v
cn la forma que estirner conveniente
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-03-10

podria Ell Congreso darle a Puerto Ri
co Ia que quisiese, no darle niguna !;
podria dar a nuestros representatives
y senadores la facultad de tomar parte
activa en- los trabajos del Congreso en-
las mismas condolences que los repre-
scntanteS y senadores de los otros es-
tados, podria, del mismo modo, 81 le
viniese en- ganas, limitar sus derechos
y pregorrativas los de meros comisio-
nadcs RESIDENCES. No cabe duda que
de este modo podia quedar completa-
mente destruida la objection.
Els verdad que un pueblo que Sc es-
time, un pueblo que respete su lima
je Y su historic, un pueblo de altivez
y decoro como Ell nuestro, no podria
jslnas aceptar semejante eStado de in
feriodidad "permanente' que habris
de degradarlo a sus propios ojos a
los de los demas pueblos dc America,
privandolo al mismo tempo de uno
de los mas importantes derechos que
caracterizan la incorporation en- cali
dad de estado de la Union
Pero ESQ no qu1ere dec1r, de ningu-
ma manera, que la proposition del So
nor Towner reve1e otra cosa que un
deseo noble y. sincere por su parte de
salvar la mas grave dificuItad que Sc
presenta a la incorporation de Puerto
Rico, en- calidad de estado, como parte
Integrante de la Union. Lo que ST pue-
de decirse, evidentemente, es que ell
se1or Towner esta animado de muy
buenos deseos para nosotros y que su
iuicio todo dependeria de nosotros mis-
mos; es decir. que 81 nosotros acelera-
semos nuestra propia americanizaci6n
y dieramos pruebas de compenetrar-
nos POGO 2 POGO, o rapidamente, de to-
do 10 que representa- la bandera, el
legislator americana iria tambien POGO
a POGO, o rapidamente, reconociendonos
una posici6n de igualdad con los demas
estadcs de La Union en- ell Congreso.
La question de 81 Puerto Rico debe
no aceptar Ell punto de vista del Sc
nor Towner en 10 que respecta a esta
proposition, es hasta cierto punto in
material, porque dificiImente podria
esperarse que el Congreso, mucho me-
nos tres cuartas parties de los estados,
la aprobasen, 81 no por otras razones,
al menos, porque. sin uuererIo, es aten
tatoria al principle de igualdad que
informa las instituciones americanas.
De todas maneras, no solo por su ta
lento, por su preparation por sus
profundos conocimientos en- materia de
asuntos insulares desde ell punto de Wis
ia nacional, sino mas especiaImente
por sus simpatias hacia nosotros, v
por eI gran interes que ha demostrado
(continda en- Ia pag. 81
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-03-10
MANIFESTATIONS DE UN
MINISTRO FRANCES

PARIS, MARIO e.--El nlinistro de
Marina M. Raiberti ha declarado hoy
que la politica del Gobierno frances
es practicamente pacifista y que Ell nue.
vo presupuesto naval referido aver
la Camara de Diputados est& hecho
con arreglo a las disposiciones de los
acuordos de la conferencia de WASH
ington. Manifesto que las nuevas uni
dades de combate proyectadas por ell
Gobierno seran utilizadas unicamente
para la defensa de las costas france
sas y que en- modo alguno Sc usaran
titulo de unidades para provocar que
rras.
La Camara de Diputados autoriz6
hoy al Ministro de Hacienda para que
emita I'M empr6stito de 100000 fran
cos.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-03-10

A cualquiera que quiera hacer JUS
ticia y mirar al fondo de las cosas, no
Sc le escapa que 81 objeto de esa re-
soluci0n no era otro que acelerar la
soluci6n del status politico de Puerto
Rico, facilitando su incorporation a
los Estados Unidos en- caIidad de Es-
tado por medic de una condici0n que
destruyera la diicultad principal con
que tropicza esa incorporation en- los
Estados Unidos, sea, Ia representa-
cion que habria de correspondent a
nuestra Isla en- Ell case de ser admitida
como estado.
Cualesquiera que sean las objeciones
reparos que puedan hacerse la So
luci0n propuesta por Ell sefior Towner,
no cs possible negar que el espiritu
que la informa es de simpatia buena
intencion hacia los portorriquefios.
El sefor Towner, segdn 10 atestigua
la posicion que actualmente ocupa en-
los consoles del partido republicanc y
del Congreso, es un gran polftico que
no pierde de vista las realidades de la
situacion. El VIC perfecta y claramen
te, despues de haberlo estudiado en-
todos sus aspectos, que la 1nica solu-
ci6n razonable que podia darse al pro-
blema de nuestro status era obtener la
incorporation de Puerto Rico los Es-
tados Unidos como parte integrante
de la Union, en- calidad de estado. No
pudo escaparsele, sin embargo, que esa
soluci6n presenta la grave dificultad
de que 81 Sc nos hiciera un estado de
la Union igual los denlas, nos cores
ponderia una representation proporcio-
nal en- ell Congreso de unos seis o siete
representatives y dos senadores, los cua-
les, en- un momento oportuno creado
por las circumstances politicas que Sc
suscitan a menudo en- Ell Congreso, po-
drian convertirse, a virtud de esas
mismas circunstancias, o de casos i'm
previstos de habiles maniobras par
lamentarias, en- los arbitros virtuales
de la politica americana en- asuntos y
cosas importantes trascendentales
para toda la nacion. NADIA tiene de
particular, por 10 tanto, que el senior
Towner penssra en- eliminar esa gra-
We objection, dejando a discretion del
Congreso el determinar en- cualquier
momento la clase de representation
que hubiera dc correspondence asi CO.
mo fijar Ell n1mero de representatives. y
senadores que aqu6l juzgase prudente
Y adecuado concedernos.
Es clsro que 81 la Constitution fue-
Sc enmendada en- la forma propuesta
por el seiior Towner, el Congreso po-
dria admitir Puerto Rico como es-
tado de la Union sin ninguno de los
peligros apuntadcs va que entonces
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-03-10
LA zAFRA EN- LA IsLA

Acerca de la situacion azucarera dc
Puerto Rico nos han dicho, en- sinte-
sis, que las cordiciones generates son
rnuy navoyables para la zafra, que
ia mo'ienda, pesar de la acSitud de
los agitaicres dc ia Federation. SC cs-
"a realiEando dc una manera satisfac-
toria, favorcciendo IA labor ei tempo
seco fregco cue aetualmente preva-
lece. Este. los grandes cargamen-
to3 Que sc han erviados al Norte Ill
timamente. son un poderoso iucentivo
para que los hacendados Y colonos es-
iimuIen gus esfuerzos cada vez mas,
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1923-03-10
Ii nuevo gobernador
MIR. Horace NJ. Towner

Por los despachos cablegrafcos de
la prensa va todo el pals esta entera-
do de la designation del nuevo gober-
nador de Puerto Rico, seior Horace
M. Towner, actualmente representative
por Iowa en- el Congreso.
Para los que estaban enterados de
ciertos pormcnores de la politica, este
nombramiento no es una sorpresa. Los
que conocian a fondo la situacion mas
menos 10 esperaban
FL senior Towner, como es bien sa-
bido, ha sido por alg1n tempo Presi-
dente de la Comision de Asuntos Insu-
lares de la Camara, y debido al con-
tacto intimo que ha tenido con los
asuntos de Puerto Rico en- dicha Co.
mission, a la cual ha pertenecido por
muchos amos, SO le considera como uno
de los politicos americanos mas auto
rizados en- nateria dc administration
colonial de los Estados Unidos, espe-
cialmente en- 10 quo respecta Puer-
to Rico. Es ademas el sefor Towner
letrado distinguidc perito en- mate
ria de Interpretation constitutional y
legislation; antes de haber sido en-
viado al Congreso por primera vez en
1870. fue juez del tercer distrito de
Iva Conferencista de derecho cons
titucional en- la Universidad de dicho
Estado.
No cabe duda, por otro lado, que el
se1or Towner sc ha distingIido siem-
pre- por el interes que ha demostrado
por todo 10 que Sc refiere al progreso
y bienestar general de la Isla. Sus
inultiples constantes esfuerzos en-
favor de Puerto Rico comprueban ese
interes hasta la evidencia.
En- 10 que Sc refere nuestras rela-
clones con los Estados Unidos, ahi es-
tan todavia frescas en- la memoria de
todos las cartas dirigidas por 81, hace
algun tempo. a prominentes poIiticos
portorriquefos aconsejandoles que aban
donasen el movimiento independents
ia Y orientasen nuestra politica hacia
otras hnalidadeg mas practicss, mas
en- corsonancia con las realidades de
la situaci6n y mas provechosas para
los intereses generates de la Isla sus
habitantes
Pero 10 Que ha distinguido mas adn
al senor Towner en- sus esfuerzos en-
pro de nuestra causa, ha sido la pre-
sentaci0n de su famosa resoluci6n con-
junta en- la Camara dc Reperesentan-
tes de los Estados Unidos, por la cuaI
proponia una enmienda la Constitu-
ci6n de los Estados Unidos en- ell SEN
lido de que el Congreso pudiera fjar
en- 10 future la representation que juz-
case conveniente al incorporar estados
insulares v distantes.