davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-10-07

salt mines of the world, one of which
haa been worked for centuries, and
has 23,o00.000 tons left. In the south
ern part OF the country are rich de-
posts Of petroleum.
Do you know that Poland is bound
to be one OF the Industrial factors
of the new Europe? Before the war
1t was annually producing almost q
billion dollars worth Of manufactures
and It had almost two million work.
.ers. u In one Of the great. textile
centers% Of Europe. making cottons
and woolsns for Russia, the Balkans.
and the counrsies about. It's metal
industries are very important. It has
great foundries anr rolling mills. It
makes iron and steel, and before the
war its annual exports OF machinery
great foupdries and rolling mills. It
makes glass and chemicals. and 1t
promises to have a great foreign
commerce. It buys az we'll as sells,
and our exports to it already amount
to about S7e.eoe.ooo per annum.
The trade Of Poland depends upon
credit. Its people claim that their
though it takes many thousands of
them to equal one dollar. I have just
changed 200 Swedish kroner and 200
Finnish marks into Polish currency
and have received for them almost
100000 Polish marks. Before the
world war the mark and the kroner
were about equal. The Swedish
kroner 10 still worth almost its gold
value but the Polish mark is on the
toboggan and It bobs UP and down
like cork on the water.
Polish money looks like wallpaper.
The notes are half the size Of lady's
handkerchief and it would take only
ten 5.0o0.mark notes to cover a page
Of this newspaper. It Is cheap, Of a
brownish color. and soon grows dirty
and nasty.
TT takes time to get money in Eu-
i rope. I spent an hour today in
drawing $500 on my letter Of credit
The first clerk translated the letter
into French and then spent twenty
minutes writing ont draft In that
A~NS N~0Ss ~AAS0A h0A oA0LV0 ~ AAV
took It to clerk called the controller
ana gave me = piece OF paper, the
sise OF dance program. bearing a
number. There was 4 string through
the card. which suppose was that
might tie IL to q button on my coat to
prevent Its loss white I waited.
took the card to the cashiers win
dow where thirty persons were wait
ing their turn. After an hour I went
back to the man who had made out
the draft and protested. showed
him various oflcial credentials as m
evidence OF my importance and finally
got action. When ! received the
money was glad had brought with
me sachei. The sum was 6,00o.000
marks. and the denominations were
such that tho notes were ~ many as
the lsaveg IN . big family BibieS They
half illlsd the bag.
These small Polish notes are not
worth 40 much ~ the paper on which
they are printed. Indeed. the story 10
told OF . farmer who. having agreed
to sell his estate for so many uil-
lion Polish marks, became afraid Of
Evening star., 1923-10-07
BY FRAsk g. CARPENTER.

:
<fI CAME from Washington. tbs
capital Of the United States
This was my answer to
well dressed, Intelligent look
inx Young man while we waited to-
pether in front of the cashiers win
dow of, the largest bank In warsaw.
The man replied: - .e~: -
washington is not the capital Of
the United States. Albany is, the
capital" -. So. -"
rs that so?" said l. 49,
YES" was the reply. Ut was
moved some years ago. know
washington was the capital. but AL
bany is the capital now. have q
friend just come from America ana
he knows. He told me So"
II think you are mistaken, SAID l..
..I live in wsshiss ton and our Presi-
dent lives there. HIS name is Cool
idge. The capital has not been moved
Albany is the capital of New York
No. I think It is. the capital OF tho
United States. I think you are mis-
taken, but You possibly may De
right -
This conversation shows what one
Pole knows OF our country. ! doubt
not many Of us have quite as hazy
ideas of Poland. What do you know
about 1t?
Do you know that Poland is one of
the biggest countries in Europe?. 1t
is bigger than Norway. or Italy or
Great Britain and ireland, and only
Russia, Sweden, Germany. and Spain
surpass II in size. 1t is as big as
Ohio. Kentucky. Virginia and Maine
put together.
DO you know that Poland has
more than three times as many peo-
pie as New England. and more than
twice as many ~ New York state
with New Jersey added thereto? 1t
has, in round numbers, from twenty
ave to thirty miiiicns. or about one
fourth as many sail the people un-
der the American flag.
DO you know that the Poles in
America are more than 100000 and
that for a decade prior TO the world
war these Poles were sending back
home more than S40,00o,o00 a year? !.
Do you know that Poland is more
thlekIy populated than almost any
part Of our country? II has more per-
sons to the square mile than New
York state. including New York city.
It 70 . land Of big towns and nuner-
Gus villages. It has more than Atty
citsss which exceed 2S.eoo In popula-
tion. warsaw. the capital. IL almost
twice ~ big as washin gtons Lods the
great textile. CENTER .outranks Gin
cinnati, asid Lsmburg has more citi-
zeas than Omaha. Cracow, the. old
capital. is rapidly approaching 2ee.-
ooS. and there, are half dosen other
cities which will soon. haxss 100000 or
more.
Do you know that these Poles were
once nors powerful than the Rus.
saans Or Germans. and that they had
. sort Of republican government 2od
years before we declared our inds-
psndence oe Enklandt In the middle
asee they. were eysrywhere noted fos
thstr civilization ,and: culture.
WONDER II you realize what kind
/ Of people the Poles OF today are
You have probably associated them
with Protestant: Germany and Greek
Cathnlic Russia, bot the majority oi
thnu are neither Protsstauts nor
Greek CAthoiics. They are members
OF -. Roman Cathoitc Church .And
they uSs ~ Latin Slphabst tnstsad ef
- te.l4
Evening star., 1923-10-07

homespun with short surplics Jack
cts, worn with cream crepe 6louses.
taupe stockings. gray suede walking
pumps and helmets of green felt
with, ribbon points arranged into ?
dat cockade at slider
Another homespun suit is of dull
Evening star., 1923-10-07

smart wsmsnla IL ,pns4i tabia ;fof ,S4Ys.
snents. but since :thss day So mafiy
liberties have hsSni taken with sport
clothes that one sforssts there was =
sharp distinction hetwesn the open
road and, thai ikpA sfAswalk. There
are siim sESigiS Skirts of this green
Evening star., 1923-10-07
Clingng Skirt Rules After Struggle But Concessions

standing this antunn rs they were
two years ago. There are many rea-
Ssnsss TO believe that the glorious
RaqueF Meilsr:s ssthe Spanish dancer
Evening star., 1923-10-07

BLOUSES ARE in FASH.
ION FOR VARIOUS SOCIAL AC.
TIVITIES, AND THIS PARTICU-
LAR ONE IS BELTLESS, BUT
DEFINES THE WAIST LINE
WITH, SLIGHT SHIRRINC. 1T
IS OF BEIGE SATIN BANDED
WITH BEIGE FUR HEADED BY
METALLIC EMBROIDERY. THE
LEC.O,MUTTON SLEEVES FIT
THE WRIST. THE SKIRT IS OF
BROWN VELVET.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
LONG LIFE FIGHT
Waged By Painters i'm Cam
paign Against Vocational
Disease

New York. = Vocational disease
should be referred to as a social
crime and not as a disease" said
Municipal Judge Pankan at a mass
meeting called by union painters who
are engaged in campaign for longer
life.
Ailments that result from peculiar
tiles of the work done, if they can be
prevented, are chargeable to society,"
said Judge Pankan
What are vocational diseases ?
They may be divided into two catego-
ries: one the disease from the mate
rails used in the employment, the 9TH
er the result of the environment or
condition under which the work is per-
formed.
''The first cause effects the other
and vice versa. The materials used in
the painters art contain ingredients
that attack the human body. In the
painting trade it is not uncommon
for men who have not reached the
vigor of manhood to be suffering from
the diseases of the aged.
"More than 80 per cent of the work
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
COAL OVERCHARCE
Brings Demand From An
thracite Miners For
Probe

New York.-The mine workers
claim that anthracite mine owners
are making an unnecessary over
charge of 1851 a ton indicates that
the miners will not be satisfied with
surface examinations by the United
States coal commission
Samuel D. Warmer, spokesman for
the mine owners, presents the expect
ed denial of these charges, which, he
says, are "inexplicable" and "mislead-
ing" In their request to the United
States coal commission for thorough
investigation of this question, the min
ers declare that the profits of six an
thracite coal companies in 1920 was
$32 100000, as compared with $780,
600 in 1912.
The commission is asked to ascer-
tain the facts as to production profits
and charges on this industry.
Until this is DONE" the memorial
says, ''the anthracite coal industry
will not be able to give the public eff
ficient service we believe it should
give. We know it is natural, under
the present system of long distance
ownership, that there should be such
double charges, keen desire for great
profits and resulting indifference to
the welfare of the men who are invest
ing their lives in the industry. You
will find that this is because the ma
iority of the coal mined is controlled
by the railroad companies, which, ir
turn, are controlled by large financial
interests in New York and Philadel
phia, by men who have never seer
the inside of mine.
"We ask you to convince yourselves
Of these facts, as we are convinced
by tracing out the ownership of Goa
! from the ground through the process
es of mining, transportation and dis
/ ribution-processe often controlled
entirely by one interest, which thel
takes four different profits on ever!
ton"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
MORE lNJUNCTI0NS!
While an Explosion Wrecks One Non-unon Mine Judge
Issues Restraining Order at Request
of Another

tion of government in any or all of
its branches.
So far as the mine workers are con-
cerned they are literally fighting for
freedom and for their lives. Nom
union conditions in the mining indus
try mean not only low wages, depress-
ing and devitalizing living conditions
and oppressive and unintelligent re-
strictions and regulations, but they
mean actual menace to life.
1t is an interesting coincidence that
almost at the hour when the West
Virginia Judge was writing his slave
herding decree an explosion took place
in non-union mine in New Mexico,
costing the lives of 120 miners.
The coming of the union has meant
the elimination in union-operated
mines of the conditions responsible
for the explosion in New Mexico.
1t is reported that eighty non-union
miners joined with the non-union coal
companies in applying for the injunc-
tion in Logan county. That is merely
another way of saying that eighty
non-union miners were coerced by
fifty non-union coal companies into a
course fo conduct dictated by the coal
companies for their private profit.
Every man and woman in West
Virginia who has any understanding
of the meaning of free institutions,
who has any respect for the consti-
tuition or any regard for the rights
of man, should rise in indignant pro-
test against the autocratic conduct of
Judge Bland.
King John signed the Magma Charta
when indignant protest became effect
i've through organization. The people
of West Virginia can make even a
West Virginia judge respect the con-
stitution and restore its guarantees
to practice if they have the determi-
nation and the courage.-In the Amer
lean Federationist.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
PUBLIC OPINION VICTOR
DEFEATS MOST REACTIONARY CONGRESS IN
NATIONS HISTORY-ATTACKS ON HUMAN
LIBERTY BLOCKED BY ACTIVITY
OF LABOR
Singing Rebuff Suffered By President in Defeat of Ship
Subsidy Bill For Which Purpose Special Session
Was Called

continually warned the country of it's
dangers.
In the senate were brave group of
liberty lovers, whose successful re-
pulses of reaction have been an in
spiration to every true American.
From the cossack group, however,
wage earners were repeatedly attack
ed, and pleas for handcuff legislation
and other enslaving devices were made
by men who. have sat in that body
for the last time.
A few months ago these men were
given frst-page attention in the daily
press. They Numbered in the senate
against workers who dare to unite.
They urged legislation that has not
been suggested on the floor of the
senate since slavery was abolished.
Labor met these attacks with intel
ligence, solidarity, and vigor.
Labor is not only unscathed, but by
its appeals to a sound public opinion
the workers defeated un-American
proposals of senators who now de-
scend into political wilderness of
their own making.
Their race is run. AS they sink into
oblivion their fate will be reminder
to others that the people yet demand
price for treachery to American
ideals.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09

ers under the age of SO, some not
more than 25 years old, are suffering
from hardening of the arteries. Dis
integration at the age of 25l What
a commentary upon the life of the
painter!
Sixteen years before his next door
reighbor lays down his life, that of
the painter is sacrificed. In fighting
for the 40-hour week the painter is
fighting for his right to live Every
added hour of labor means more lead
in his system and shortening of his
life"
The campaign of the painters is at
tracing attention because they have
enlisted science to aid them in their
| fight for health
These painters are maintaining a
health bureau, fully equipped with
scientific apparatus and manned by
skilled doctors, who are educating
these workers on the dangers in their
calling, and how to combat these con-
ditions.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
By CHESTER M. WRIGHT

Who the deuce is E. j Costello?
The Chicago Journal of Commerce,
devout hater of unions and worshipper
at the shrine of big business as ex-
emplifed by La Sale and Wall street
is playing Costello as star writer
on labor.
This big business newspaper an
nounces three articles by Costello
These articles are offered for sale to
all newspapers and are copyrighted.
Headings of these articles are as
follows: Labor World in Grip of
Gompers' Political Clique; Zone Big
Union Idea Wins Acceptance of La
Dor Leaders,; Radical Victory is
Prediction in American Unions"
Anyone qualified to write articles
containing discoveries such as these
headlines indicate ought to be we'll
qualified; and if we'll qualified he
ought to be we'll known and of some
past consequence
But who the deuce is this man Cos
tello?
Costello, according to the Journal
of Commerce, worked for the Asso-
ciated Press for seven years, die
newspaper work in Chicago and other
midwest places for many years anc
finally "in the latter part of 1915
entered actively into the labor move
ment, and founded the Federated
Press" He was executive head Of
that institution for something less
than three years.
1t appears that Costello's qualifica
tions for writing about labor were
gained during his three years "active
ly in the labor movement" as chic
bojum of the Federated Press, which
is not in the labor movement.
1t is still pertinent to inquire, whc
the deuce is this man Costello?
Is he the man, who as head of tn,
Federated Press, month after montl
sent out alleged news reports hos
tile to the American labor movement
Is he the man who went to Berlin
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
FANNIE SELLINS' MUIR
DERERS FACING TRIAL

Pittsburgh, Pa.-The men respon-
sible for the death fo Fannie Sellins,
union organizer, who was killed at
West Natrona on August 26, 1919,
will be tried on murder charges in
this county. Organized mine workers
and other trade unionists in this end
of the state have refused to forget"
this case. They are demanding that
the gunmen be punished, so the lives
of other citizens may be protected
from corporations paid bandits.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
By SAMUEL GOMPERS
President American Federation of
Labor

President American Federation of
Once again the injunction has justi-
fed its critics. Judge Robert Bland,
In the circuit court of Logan county,
West Virginia, has issued two injunc-
tions restraining the United Mine
Workers of America from doing any
thing to unionize or to cause to be
unionized the non-union miners of
that unhappy section of the state
which seems not to resent being called
the last refuge of anti-unionism. The
injunction denies to the organized
miners the right to seek to persuade
non-union workers to join voluntarily
with their fellows in the effort to i'm
prove conditions of work and condi-
tions of living. 1t is impossible to
see in an injunction of this kind any
thing except a restriction of the con-
stitutional guarantees of free speech,
free assemblage and free press.
The attempt to persuade persons to
join union of wage-earners or in any
other way to alter their views orstheir
conduct must proceed under one or
two of these three constitutional guar
antees. Persuasion is an appeal to
reason. 1t is an appeal to the intel
ligence. This appeal is usually con-
veyed through the spoken or printed
word. TO place any restriction upon
the use of the spoken or printed word
/ in the accomplishment of lawful OBJ
ject is clearly to violate the constitu-
tional safeguards.
1t is almost traditional that the con
stitution means nothing to the mine
owners of West Virginia, and there
have been many indications that it
means little less to some of the courts
of West Virginia
There are in West Virginia only a
comparatively few persons who own
mines. Numerically they are but a
small minority Their economic in
luence is large, but the people Of
West Virginia must some day come
to see that the narrow selfshness OF
the mine owners is ruinous when il
takes the form of public policy There
must be moral influence in the state
of West Virginia to which dictatorship
by mine owners is repugnant. There
must be an intelligence in West Vir-
ginia which sees the brutality and the
unreason and the inhumanity of the
tactics Of the mine owners. This in
telligence must perceive in advance
the consequences which inevitably re-
suit from private and selfish domina-
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
WHO THE DEUCE IS COSTELLO?
ANNOUNCEMENT BY UNION HATING JOURNAL OF THREE AR
TICLES BY "COSTELLO" PERTAINING LABOR LEADERS AND
UNIONS FOR SALE TO NEWSPAPERS CAUSES ABOVE QUERY
Wright Asks If He Is Same Man Who Tried To Gold
Convention and Is For Other

the labor movement and pour it out
of a new mold, all dressed up in new
clothes, a la Costello!
The Chicago Journal of Commerce
advertises that this man Costello pre-
sents "a brand new viewpoint for
thinking business men"
Somewhere along a trail of medioc-
rity through the Associated Press
big business papers, Federated Press
and Chicago Journal of Commerce
there ought to be somebody who could
tell US who the deuce Costello is, but
until that individual turns loose his
tidings we can merely go on with the
tiresone interrogation, Who the deuce
is Costello?
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09

The defeated ship subsidy bill marks
the close of a congress that in sew
eral ways is the most remarkable in
the history of the country.
This congress is the first that was
called in special session by presi-
dent to pass a certain law and then
declined to pass the law, despite
every power and government favor
the president could muster and every
aid to his cause by privilege and
wealth.
an ordinary recommendation by the
president, but was a clear-cut attempt
to jam through legislation of most
pernicious character by men who have
been repudiated by the people. 1t was
a contest between the executive and
the legislative branch, backed by pop
ular opinion. The latter forces tri
umphed.
The failure of the ship subsidy bill
is most crushing defeat for its adj
vocates, and no chief executive ever
suffered such singing rebuff.
The same forces that backed the
subsidy bill established another rec
ord by attacks on human liberty.
The extent of these onslaughts is
indicated by the so-called judicial
I-;,I,,o,,>;,r. LII ,,,,;oL MOULD o;x,a :,
federal Judge in San Francisco, for in
stance, the right to order the arrest
of man in Boston
If this bill passed federal mar
shall could arrest citizen and take
him across the country without giving
him a hearing in his home jurisdic-
ton or even inform him why he was
arrested
For viciousness this proposal can be
compared with attempts to handcuff
labor to its task and with the sedi-
tion laws that destroyed the feder-
alist party, over 100 years ago.
In the senate attempts were made
to pass handcuff law, but the agents
of reaction depended more on stealth
than force to enslave workers.
The policy of stealth was shown in
the senate bill entitled "A bill pro-
viding for the better protection of
aliens" This would authorize the fed
eral government to interfere in the
internal affairs of any state when the
rights of an alien were alleged to be
threatened. Under this law federal
troops and federal deputy marshals
could be used in an industrial dispute
where even one alien was involved.
The federal government would take
charge of practically every strike, as
corporations would quickly provide
themselves with the necessary alien if
none were on their pay roll.
Another proposal involved the es-
tablishment of an espionage system
for aliens who would be registered
scheme that would eventually be
extended to American citizens who
work for wages when the public be-
came accustomed to this European
importation.
These secret attacks on liberty were
less sensational than the ship subsidy
proposal, but they did not escape the
vigilance of organized labor, which
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09
PROFITS IN QUAKER OATS

New York.-Quaker oats reports a
net profit last year of $4,633 ,279, after
setting aside substantial funds for
depreciation, taxes, and other charges.
The previous years net profits were
$2,632,716.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09

A rich man is one who can reach
into the drawer with his eyes shut
and get a pair of socks sans holes.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1923-03-09

to represent the Federated Press and
who ballyhooed about the beauties of
bolshevism from that Teutonic point
of vantage?
Is he the man also who from Berlin
announced that he had it all fixed up
with Lenine's officials so that Amer
lea could learn the truth" about
Russia?
Is he the man who was arrested in
England and deported to the United
States?
Is he the man who went to the
Montreal convention to address labor
editors, promising them that the Fed
Grated Press, then being organized,
would be friendly to the A. f. of L.,
would be with it and could be relied
upon?
Is he the man who tried to sell that
gold brick at Montreal?
Is this the man who, having eaten
the bread of Moscow, now eats the
bread of Wall street?
Is this man known in trade union
ranks Has he standing there? Men
who know practically every man of
standing and integrity from coast to
coast say they never heard of Cos
tello,
Is this new Journal of Commerce
star known among newspaper men?
In the New York Newspaper Club and
the Washington Press Club, where
men congregate from the four corners
of the world, they know him not
1--WE bite; what's the joke?" they re-
ply when asked, "who the deuce is
Costello?" They echo well, who is
he?"
Whoever he is, Costello is going tC
tell the readers of the Chicago journal
of Commerce and such other papers
as may buy the articles, all about
amalgamation, all about the terrible
failure of the American Federation OF
Labor, all about its fearsome reaction
of policy, all about the dodo bird anc
all about how radicalism is coming
hell bent down the road to shake W