Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-07-24
TURKSAT PEACE
WITH EUROPE
Lausanne Peace Treaty Be-
tween Turkey and European
Powers Signed this Morning

LAUSANNE. July "a tBy The AS
soeiated Press)-The Lausanne
Peace treaty formally establishing
peace between the European powers
and Turkey was signed today.
Ihe treaty was signed at 3:15
O'Clock this afternoon.
The general treaty, formally end
ing the state of war. was signed by
Great Britain, France, Italy. Japan,
Greece, Rumania and Turkey.
Jugoslavia announced at the last
minute her refusal to sign on the
ground that to do SO would be harm
ful to her national interests. The
treaty distributes the Ottoman debt
among countries like Jugoslavia
which acquired parts of the former
Ottoman empire.
Jugoslavia maintains that she an
nexed her former Turkish territory
as the result of the Balkan wars and
not as a consequence of the general
European or Turko-Greek wars. She
prefers therefore to abide by the
treaties of London and Bucharest
which fixed the political status of the
Balkans. She has agreed to nego-
tiate directly with the European
powers regarding her possible re-
sponsibility in connection with the
Turkish debt.
The general treaty comprises 143
articles, divided into five parts-po-
litical, financial, economic. COM
munications and general clauses.
LAUSANNE, July 24 (By Ths
Associated Press)-Europe task
of making peace with Turkey
which required eight months of ne
| gotiations. was immensely compli-
! Gated because Turkey. although van
quished in the world war as an
ally of Germany, came to the coun-
ell table at Lausanne as victorious
nation. Turkeys reconstructed ar
mics, consumed with patriotic fer
vor and desirous to shake them
selves free from foreign invaders.
! had completely routed the Greek
| forces and driven them to the shores
of Asia Minor.
The Turco-Greek war produced a
great soldier-Ismet Pasha, who, in
the negotiations here. has shown
himself to be one of the great states
men of Europe. Ismet worsted the
celebrated Lord Curzon, the British
secretary of state for foreign affairs,
at the first stage of the Lausanne
conference.
The head of the Turkish delega-
tion constantly played two cards.
The first was Europe's ambition to
restore peace in the near east at al
most any price; his second trump
was the exaggerated importance
Turkey possessed as a world power
through her geographical position
her contiguity TO the Straits of the
| Dardanelles and the Bosphorus
which long have been a subject of
world contention.
Annexed to the treaty of Lau-
same is a special straits conven-
tion," whereby the waterways link
ing the Mediterranean and Black
Seas henceforth are thrown open TO
both the warships and merchant
men of all nations. 1t is a unani-
nous verdict that Soviet Russia 5
last minute decision to adhere to
this agreement stands out as the
most significant single feature of the
Lausanne conference: Bolshevik
Russia probably has committed
Russia for all time to opening the
straits to men-of-war, thus giving a
new turn to history.
Some of the features of the treaty
are:
Constantinople goes definitely to
Turkey.
All foreign troops will be with
drawn.
1t makes peace between Greece
and Turkey.
It permits the patriarch of the
Greek orthodox church to remain
in constantinople.
1t launches one of the most stu
pendous. and in some ways the most
cruel, human movement in history
by its compulsory exchange of pop
ulation, the Greeks in Turkey re-
turning to Greece and the Turks in
Greece returning to Turkey.
1t fails to solve the Armenian
problem Armenians being obliged TO
seek refuge in neighboring lands
like Syria or TO find a new haven
in Southern Russia.
1t reduces Turkeys size by its rec
ognition of detached mandated-
states like Syria, Mesopotamia and
Palestine.