davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
British Look Favorably Master Enterprise with
Japanese, Who Are Meeting with Little
Amy Success at Hands of Chinese, the
Real Enemy Of Germany

favor the German plan, In
asmuch as the London au-
thorities are inclined to aid
Germany to come back in
the markets Of the world if
only as an act of retaliation
against France or as a point
Of material assistance TO q
power now basking in the
favor Of England.
The Portuguese port Of
Macao is the oldest extrater-
ritorial holding in Asia, hav-
ing been granted to the
Portuguese nearly q hundred
years ago, but which had
been In Portuguese hands
as early as 1857.
1t consists of a neck of
land at the mouth Of the
Canton river on the coast 0f
southern China. It's popu-
lation is about IS, 900, about
1000 Of whom are Portu--
gueSe.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
Other Great Lines

But as further evidence Of
the amazing vitality Of Ger
man shipping enterprises IN
the Orient today there are
besides the Hugo SHINES
steamship lines, three other
great German shipping COM
panies now engaged 10 heavy
traffic carrying between
Hamburg, Copenhagen and
Stockholm to Manila, Shang-
hal and Hongkong. These
are the North German
Steamship Line and the
Hamburg American Line.
With such q trade revival
well under way Ger
many is naturally desperate
" IN need Of some head
quarters port in the Orient
as trade expansion center,
unable to locate in ports
like Darien, where the Jap
anese are in control, or in
Hongkong, where the Brit
ish rule absolute, or In
Manila, where the Ameri-
cans hold forth.
And, being unable to com
pete at the present time with
the international interests in
the port Of Shanghai, Ger
many looks to Macao as her
one possible chance Of s6eur-
ing b leasehold or special
privilege port.
To secure the port the con-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
CRABS FACE DETERMINATION SHORTLY
UNLESS PROTECTION is GIVEN TO THEM

are: Soft shell crabs on toast
go to 80 cents a portion; soft
shell crabs, $3.50 to So a dozen:
hard shell. S. to So a barrel; crab
meat. $3.50 to 81 gallon. Some
times 1t is almost impossible to
obtain crabs at any price.
When was fishing for a liv.
ing, the river and sounds were
white with sails, catching crabs;
now you can count them, there
are so few. Crabs are 50 scarce
it doesn't pay a man living wages
to fish for them. The young
generation 10 going to the cities
and getting away from this line
Of business, and the few old
people who are compelled to
stay at home and know nothing
else but this line Of work are
practically the only ones now en-
gagged in this industry. The pro-
duction is so small it hardly pays
to attend to 1t. That is why /
had to leave fishing, and come
to the city for a better future,
The most valuable and econom-
ical fisheries are those which
furnish us with oysters and
crabs, both self producing in
dustries. It is the good fortune
of the United States to possess
them: other countries would be
glad to enjoy these luxuries Of
our Atlantic coast.
There should be proper pro-
lection; then we would get pro-
duction. What we want is a
Federal law to stop dredging for
crabs in the winter months and
forbid the sale Of female crabs
for five years; the rest will take
care of itself.
Five years of proper protec-
ton would so increase the pro-
duction that with all the waste
full methods employed 1t would
take twenty-five years to cut
the industry down to its present
commercial stage today.
The average life of crab Is
from two to three years. The
Bureau of Fisheries reports that
one female crab sponges 100000
little ones. This is supposed to
be one batch of fertile eggs.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
Shows How Nation Plans Commercial Coup by Acquiring Maca

Portuguese holding Ia the
Western Hemisphere, the
Island OF Timor IN the East
Indies, is d debatable point.
From the standpoint Of
harbor facilities, Timor is
considered by some experts
to hold greater advantages
than Macao; some, familiar
with the German plans in
other years, are inclined to
believe that it IS Timor and
not Macao that Germany
desires, which would indi-
cate that the reports ernauat-
ing from authoritative
sources about Macao are
propaganda meant TO serve
as q blind 10 the true
scheme Of Germany. Both
Timor and Macao are under
the authority Of the same
Portuguese governor.
Still another feature Of
German shipping activities
Is the fact that certain Gar
man steamship officials
have approached the Jap
anese government for the
purchase BY Germany Of the
many splendid vessels turned
over to Japan and the other
allies by Germany as reparar
tions after the war.
The Tokyo Kisen KaiGha
lines, the steamship Taiyo
Maru, formerly the Ham
burg Buenos Aires liner Cap
Finisterre, is especially de-
sired by the Germans. AL
these deals are said to have
the backing Of the past mer-
chant and industrial mag
nate Of Germany Hugo
SHINES.
Macao was at one time the
foremost emporium of Euro
pean commerce ii Asia. Lit
erary folk win recall that
Macao was the home Of
Camoens, the only great lit
erary genius Portugal has
given the world.
tcopyright. 1898. CIV Nevspapsr ssrsisA
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
JFIR INVASION MEANS SLAVERY NOT PEACE, SAYS NIT

tive men have given the El0st vi.
liable contribution 10 human
thought, to art ana sciencs.
It Is not to Be wondered IS n the
French arc up against 3 barrier
not only Of suffering, but chiefly
Of hatred.
II France were to succeed In her
conquest OF the iron Industry.
what would be the result7 In what
a situation would Italy lind her
self, faced with q coal and Iron
monopoly having power over the
whole of continental Europe?
Italy and the other countries who
have no coal would naturally be
drawn into the newly formed in
dustrial vortex.
As . democrat. I have always
been an enemy Of William II and
Of German imperialism, 80 much
50 that when. in pre-war times, /
heard Germany and the Germans
praised, / rose up IN the Italian
Parliament and denounced them
But l must say that German i'm.
perialism was never : greater men.
ace to the peace Of Europe than
French imperialism and capitalism
is today.
still have faith in the living
forces of French democracy, and ]
firmly believe that they win come
back to the noble traditions Of
France which have nothing in
common with the programs Of the
iron industry.
Copyright. 1898. by Francisco Nitti)
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

man can recall these prices in
restaurants fifteen years ago:
Five large soft-shell crabs on
toast. % to IS cents per portion;
soft-shell crabs 80 to 40 cents
q dozen. hard-shell crabs. 80
cents to 81 a barrel. crab-meat
from 35 to 80 cents a gallon, and
hard.shell crabs on the free lunch
counter when crabs were plenti.
full and reasonable.
But now 100 to 800 barrels OF
crabs are dredged out Of the mud
daily during the winter-200 crabs
to the barrel-and as many as
one-fourth this number in addt-
ton die from exposure. About
IS per cent of these are female
crabs. Go over the figures and
you will realize the exterminating
effect of one days dredging. Not
one person in ten understands
these facts.
Some people might think that
II the crabs multiply so fast
there might be, only for the
grabbing industry, so many that
we could not sail boats through
them. If the average life Of the
crab was ten or fifteen years
that would be the case, but it IL
onI1y fUn ~. fhraA voara
SCARCITY ADVANCES PRICES.
Thirty years ago no one
thought that the diamond back
terrapin would be exterminated
from our shores, but they are.
All the terrapin in the markets
today are raised in terrapin
ponds and fed during the sum-
mer months, on the same prin-
ciple that one conducts poultry
farm. Yet thirty years ago dia-
mond backs could be caught by
the hundreds.
The same thing is going to
happen to our Holsters. oysters,
and crabs, IL proper steps are
not taken for their protection.
Scarcity advances the prices to.
day, and adds to the high cost
of living.
This industry is decreasing
about SO per cent a year. Pres
emit prices in modern restaurants
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

overheard, rs the dealers did not
want them at any price. There Is
not much meat in q female crab,
and moreover the meat Ia not Of
as good a grade az the male
crab. Therefore the female crab
was undesirable. and was left in
the water to sponge and produce
millions Of others.
In Virginia. during the winter.
every day the weather Is favor.
able for dredging. they catch
from 100 to 800 barrels Of crabs
a day out Of the mud, and IS
per cent Of them are female
crabs, which would sponge mil
lions of little ones the following
spring. During the operation Of
catching these crabs, millions OF
them die from exposure, for when
they are pulled out Of the mud
on the bottom, and are numbed
from the cold water, 1t IL i'm
possible for them to rebury them
selves.
II these wasteful methods con-
tinue. determination will end a
wonderful industry. Millions Of
people are fed from this product
each year, thousands Of tons Of
fertilizer are produced from the
scraps when crab.meat IL picked
out.
Maryland and Virginia have
tried to get together to solve this
problem. but there has been moth
ing done for his great industry,
and 1t looks as though there will
be nothing done. as the States
cannot agree.
There should be a Federal law
for protection in season. A Fed
eral law was made for the pro-
lection of wild ducks. which
travel from State to State. Our
crabs also travel from State to
State. and grabbing is a CONNER
cial industry Of great value.
TERRAPIN HISTORY.
These blue.claw eatable crabs
can be found anywhere along our
Atlantic coast, from New Jersey
to North Carolina. but the Chesa-
peake Bay is the most desirable
place.
Any housekeeper or restaurant
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

trade and is one Of the
worlds greatest seaports.
Hugo SHINES, Germany's
master merchant prince and
wealthiest citizen, often
styled the Henry Ford Of
Germany, is known to be
the moving cause behind the
German scheme of CONNER
cial expansion in a field
where Japan, Great Britain,
the United States, France,
Holland and Russia are
daily increasing their efforts
to capture and II possible
corner huge trade monopo-
lies in the Far East.
Hugo SHINES money, ]
learn, is not 30 much in Ger
man marks a. in English
pounds sterling. This en-
ables SHINES 20 effectually
serve his nation 60 tho Moses
who Is destined 20 lead Ger
many out Of her state Of
commercial and Industrial
chaos.
The new and incomparably
vast SHINES steamship line
has already invaded the ORR
emit and is vigorously and
successfully carrying on
trade with China and japan.
China Is openly favorable TO
the German traders, pre-
ferring them TO the Aneri-
cans and the British, and
boldly admitting the fact.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
A Great Seaport

Next to Picking, Macao is
the most picturesque city in
China. The port facilities
are bad, but within the past
month the Portuguese, in CO.
operation with the Chinese,
have begun to dredge the
harbor and channel in order
to permit the passage Of
larger ocean liners.
The Portuguese authori-
ties hope to make of the
Praya Grande, or Great
Quay, another Bund, SINH
lar to the great waterfront
Of Shanghai. Macao is the
center Of the Chinese opium
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
By O. B. wEARLEY.

~ RISFIELD, Md. noted for
its famous blue-claw crab
~ industry, is the center OF
fishery during the summer
months, as Hampton. Va. Is
during the winter. But hard and
soft shell crabs alike are abso-
lutely out Of season during the
winter months, and 1t is running
counter to nature to dredgc the
crabs out of the mud after they
have embedded themselves for the
winter.
It Is discriminating a valuable
and rapidly growing industry. I
have been a fisherman all my life
at Crisfield, and the crab fish
cries have been my life study.
There are three kinds Of sea
animals used for food that bury
themselves in the mud for the
winter months - cells, diamond
back terrapin and crabs. In the
fall, as soon as the frost hits the
water, they bury themselves, and
they stay there until the frost
comes out of the water in the
spring. When they come out OF
the mud it isn't long before they
sponge.
TINES HAVE CHANGED.
Fifteen years ago there was
a new enterprise launched in the
State Of Virginia, that of dredg-
ing crabs out of the mud in the
winter in and around Hampton
Roads. The crabs are taken to
Hampton, cooked and picked out,
and there is where you get your
crab meat during the winter
months. It was impossible to get
crabs or crab meat during the
winter fifteen years ago. because
1t was out of season.
It is just as much out Of sea
son now as it was fifteen years
ago. A fisherman then could
catch twelve to fifteen barrels Of
crabs a day trotlining. have
caught as many as eighteen bar
rels day, and sold them as low
as 35 cents a barrel, and II there
were many female crabs among
them, they had to be thrown
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
By FRANCISCO NITTI.

Former Prime Minister Of Italy.
ez... ROME. March "a.
r " order to understand the int
vasion OF the Ruhr properly
- Americans should follow
very attentively the line traced
out by the great iron industry Of
France. To invade the Ruhr
merely TO compel Germany to pay
would have been too idiotic. It
would be like setting fire to
debtor,R house and store in order
70 enforce payment.
It IL wen known that the army
Of occupation on the Rhine has
cost much more in gold value
than the sum total which Germany
paid before the war for her army
and navy.
Germany IL subjected besides
70 exactions and deprivations
which humiIiate and slowly stran-
gle her. It cannot be denied that
had the victors paid as much as
Germany has already paid they
would now be bankrupt. Ger
many no longer has the remotest
possibility Of obtaining credit.
Her paper currency win shortly
reach the fantastic figure Of
three thousand billions.
It IL not uncommon for rates Of
exchange and the cost Of necessi-
ties Of life In Germany to jump
100 per cent from month to month.
WHAT GERMANY LOST.
BY the treaty Germany at first
lost s per cent Of her population,
and much more later. After the
loss OF Upper Silesia she was de-
cultural territory, upon which she
mainly relied for cereals and pota-
toes, IL per cent Of her cattle, SO
per cent Of her iron ore, etc.
Before the war. in 1913, the
world output of coal amounted to
1.343 million tons. The United
States of America produced 517
millions, Great Britain 292 mill
lions. On the continent of Europe
Germany occupied first place with
191 million tons Of coal and 81 mil
lion tons Of Ignite. France was
a bad second, with II million tons
OF coal and Ignite.
The worlds total production OF
iron ore amounted to IT'S million
tons; So in the United States Of
America, 36 in Germany. % In
France. 16 in Great Britain. little
under 10 in Russia and Spain.
When Germany, as result of
the treaty, lost more than four
fifths Of her iron ore, France
found herself in the possession c
quantity Of iron more than dou-
BILE the amount she could use for
herself.
CHANCE FOR LASTING PEACE
It was, therefore. evident that
the only practical program would
have consisted In an industrial CO
OperatiOn between the two coun
tries. Germany had the coal and
France had the iron ore. The ar
rangement would have been equally
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
Lost Planet Back
After Fifty Years
LONDON. March "a.

-
FIFTY years ago next June,
Professor Watson. a famous
American astronomer, who de-
voted himself to the mysterious
family Of small planets that move
between the orbits of Jupiter and
Mars. discovered a particularly In
teresting member Of that family
in an orbit so eccentric that at
times it came within 100, 200, 900
miles of the sun, though usually
at q greater distance.
Given the name Of Aethra. the
planet was kept under observa-
ton in 1873 sufficiently long to
enable the elements OF its orbit
to be deducted and its period of
revolution around the sun came
out just under four terrestrial
years. But though It should have
approached the earth at least q
dozen times since Its discovery, no
one has ever succeeded In seeing
it again, and it was subsequently
given up as lost.
Now comes the announcement
in Nature that a small plane.
tary body has been located indie
pendently by French astronomer
at the Algiers Observatory and by
a Russian at Simeis, in the Cri-
mea.
The position and the orbit are
such as to make 1t almost certain
that 1t IL the lost planet Aethra.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

the second to make q paying prop
osition for themselves BY mo-
nopoIizing the coal and steel sup
ply Of Europe.
But 90 long AZ the Ruhr coal
remained, and above ali the Ruhr
organization, Germany might per-
laps have managed TO make both
ends meet. Other tactics were
tried before the military invasion.
The leading representative OF
the French iron industry. 7 M.
Loucheur. when minister in Lon
don In 1921. made q most start
ling proposition. He demanded
that Is per cent Of the shares in
all German companies should be
assigned to the allies on account
Of reparations.
This was practically equivalent
to the proceedings adopted by
victorious kings Of the Middle
Ages. who exacted one-third or
one-fourth OF the property Of the
vanquished foe. The British Gov
eminent would not give its ap-
prevail and this proposition was
eventually dismissed.
WHAT THE RUHR IS.
Gernnany's total output OF coal
was 100 million tons (plus lig-
nite), and the Ruhr alone con-
tributed lis millions to the total.
The Ruhr is not only the very
heart Of Germany, but the center
Of the whole industrial life of
Europe. In a small territory there
are the greatest industries Of the
world-HanieI, SHINES, Thyssen,
KlOchner, Mangsmann, Krupp, etc.
Germany. which has compare
lively small territory but very
large population, brought out in
the Ruhr her most exclusive and
important products. Her three
billion marks gold annual pre-war
deficit in foreign trade was offset
and paid by the industrial riches
and efficiency of the Ruhr.
Germany was the first to turn
to account, in the most intelligent
of methods, the sub-products of
coal, dyes. chemicals, perfumes.
The whole chemical industry
flourished with its roots firmly
planted in the Ruhr, whence also
came all the fertilizers indispensa-
BILE for German agriculture. The
occupation Of the Ruhr, even If it
did not mean the monopoly Of coal
and iron for France. amounts to
something much more important
the paralysis OF all German indus
tries without any possible profit
to the victor.
France is, therefore, ready and
willing to forget all her claims to
reparations. provided she has all
the big industrials Of the Ruhr at
her feet. ready to accept the con-
troll Of the French iron industry.
SLAVERY, NOT PEACE.
Such . result could not be called
peace. 1t would be slavery Of free
peoples to foreign capitalism.
1t is not PREPARATIONS that are de-
manded, but servitude Of people
Of sixty millions whose representa-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

beneficial to both peoples, and
might have proved lasting eIe-
ment Of peace. Moreover, it would
have been placed upon . soundly
: democratic basis.
After she lost Lorraine, Germany
still had three great coal-producing
centers, the Ruhr in the first place.
then Upper Silesia and the Saar.
During the preliminary nego-
tiations for the treaty of Ver-
sailles, France demanded the ter
ritory Of the Saar. This request
so deeply irritated the Ameri-
cans that they were almost on
the point of breaking off all
negotiations. The Saar, 1t must
be remembered, is an entirely
German territory. There are not
100 French in a population Of
100000 inhabitants.
GIVEN TO FRANCE.
In view Of the determined op-
position which she encountered,
France reduced her claims, but
demanded that the Saar, which
gave 8 per cent Of Germany's
total coal output. be placed
under French customs regime,
subject to the League Of Ma
tons. and that after fifteen years
a plebiscite should be taken to
decide whether the Saar were
to belong to Germany or to
France.
Meanwhile the coal fields of
the Saar. both those belonging to
the state and those owned by pri-
vate citizens. were handed over
for all time to France, in pay
ment of the temporary damages
caused by the Germans in the
Pas-de-Calais coal mines.
For the first time In history
the sod and the sky In the same
territory belonged to one state
and the subsOiI to another state.
1t would be impossible to con-
ceive q more lasting cause OF
Odium and eventually Of war.
OF far greater Importance was
Upper Silesia, which, besides be-
ing extraordinarily rich in min
erals, provided Germany with
% per cent Of. her coal. Gle
menceau proposed that Upper 81
lesia should be given to Po-
land. For ten centuries it has
belonged to Germany, but this
was not regarded by some of the
peacemakers as a valid objection.
The demand Of France appear.
ed unjustifiable to Lloyd George
and he prevented it's acceptance.
1t was decided to have a pIebis-
cite. But in open disregard of
the results Of the plebiscite, by
which 60 per cent of the inhabi-
tants formally declared their In.
tention Of belonging to Germany,
Upper Silesia was dismembered
and her richest coal fields were
handed over to Poland. which.
being politically and economically
bankrupt. is now under the finan.
cial and military control of
France.
One OF the terms of the treaty
was that Germany should give
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25


" accepted guardian of the
destinies of Portugal, where
millions of pounds Of British
gold is invested and where
England holds political pow
er comparable to her power
over the more independent
of her own colonies. Second,
because the Portuguese port
of Macao is in China, across
the bay from Kowloon and
Hongkong, the latter being
the greatest British single
trade outhold in the world.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

sent Of China is necessary,
according to the terms Of the
treaty Of 1887. This consent
will be readily given it IS
generally agreed among
commercial men long familiar
with Oriental politics and
trade.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

tons Of coal . month after the
loss Of Upper SiIesia and Of the
Saar, Germany was obliged to
buy back from France and Bel
GUM the very Same coal that
she had produced and delivered
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
British in FaOoy

England might not relish
the idea of Germany possess
ing a powerful leasehold in
the Orient. But on the other
hand authoritative advices
state that the British are
generally understood to
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

large quantities Of coal on repara.
tons account. Germany was not
in a position to give them without
imperiling the very existence Of
her own Industries.
In order to deliver two million
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25

to them without compensation
ON account Of PREPARATIONS. More
over, she had to buy coal in Eng
Land. This was . chief cause Of
the collapse Of the German mark
in foreign exchange.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1923-03-25
Not Reparations That Are Demanded butt Servit11de
of People of Sixty Millions 1t Is Not to Be Wonder
ed That the French Are Up Against Barrier
Not Only of Suffering, but Chiefly of Hatred

Thus the French military i'm
perialists and the French metal
capitalists are working hand In
hand, the first to cripple Ger
many's power to make war by
taking away her coal and iron,