davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-12-16

by befogging the issue from playing
a part in the solution of the prob
lens which could only be settled, first
by the ascertaining of facts, and, sec
ondly. by the knowledge that any
agreement based upon these facts
must be binding upon both parties
and just in its operation If friendly
relations were to continue.
In Operation Thirty Years.
THE general experiment begun in
March, 1891. has been in operation
for over thirty years. It has elims=>
mated strikes and lockouts in the
stove industry. 1t has guaranteed as
large a measure of justice as men
were capable of applying to them
selves as foundry owners and mold
ers. 1t has successfully weathered
depressions in trade and busy times;
1t has passed through the trying pc
riod of the war and the still more
difficult times which have affected
industry within the last year or SO.
1t has successfully stood all the tests
which have been applied.
Every Step Beset.
Despite it's record of achievement
and the overcoming of obstacles as
set forth above. the union has been
beset with all the "isms" and fancies
that have afflicted the labor move
ment generally. At every step in it's
onward march some member or group
OF members has tried to graft on the
organization some cure for all indus
trial ills. These nostrums have at
tracted the attention and enlisted the
support Of some members more or
less, in proportion to the plating that
garnished forth the particular rene
dy, but the vast majority of the
affiliates have continued serenely on
their upward path. stepping slowly
perhaps. but none the less surely.
in time with their officers. They have
not been among those unfortunates
who have taken the primrose path
only TO discover that little farther
on the thornS appeared.
Yes. indeed, the history of the In
ternational Iron Molders' Union OF
North America may be studied with
profit by the recklessly impatient
ones in both the older and the newer
Copyright, 1928, by the Mcclure Newspaper
SyAdicate.l
Evening star., 1923-12-16
Leaders i'm Business
To Combat Radicals
{Continued from First Page.)

have been unable to find much SINH
larity between some of the pending
measures and the 1920 declarations
Of principles.
See Bonus Defeat.
As far as the soldier bonus bill is
concerned, some Of the chief business
men of the country believe that 1t
has been stopped. They expect it's
enactment by Congress at a COM
the President. They expect a Wig
orous effort to override the Presi-
dents veto, but are quite certain
that, while this may be accomplished
in the House, the attempt will fail
by q narrow margin in the Senate.
These men, who help largely to
finance political campaigns and who,
in addition. control the donations Of
many other men allied In q business
way with them, arc studying the
records of individual representatives
and senators. One-third of the MEM
bership Of tho Senate. or thirty-two
next fall. The entire membership Of
the House also is to be elected.
Those members of Senate and House
who work now for soldier bonus
and against tax reduction undoubted-
ly will have difficulty next year in
convincing their present financial
sponsors that other contributions
should be forthcoming.
AS the situation shapes up at pres
ent, getting funds for some candi-
dates In tho next political campaign
lis going to be ono OF the hardest
jobs open to earnest aSpirants,
Evening star., 1923-12-16
COMMERCE YEAR BOOK
SHOWS BUSINESS TREND
New Government Publication Provides
Convenient Handbook and Gives
Facts as Basis for Predictions.

1921 had been one Of the contributing
causes OF tho general depression OF
business. The prices Of these prod
ucts rose nearly 20 per cent during
1922. and this advance helped In con-
siderable measure to restore the buy
ing power OF the great agricultural
community. and thus to promote gem
eral prosperity. Retail prices. which
respond less quickly to changes in
general business conditions, averaged
slightly lower in 1922 than in 1921.
and rose but little during the course
OF the year.
Good Year for Labor.
The revival of business was benefi-
cia1 to labor. Unemployment fell to
a minimum and wages in many in
dustries advanced.
That the trade Of the United States
with the world in 1922 was more nor
NAL and better balanced than in any
other recent year is shown in this
commerce yearbook. 1t was the first
calendar year since the war in which
the trend Of both exports and i'm
ports was free throughout the whole
of the year from the markedly er-
ratio movements both of quantities
and prices attending the rise to and
the slump from postwar, trade-boom
levels. Both exports and imports
their decline from the abnormally
high levels of 1919 and 1920. The
month month trend of imports has
been upward since the middle of 1921,
and although the low point in export
trade was not reached until February.
1922, by far the greater part of the
decline had taken place in 1921 and
the trend in 1922 was upward.
This growth. however, has been
gradual and reflects a still more grad
ual increase in both prices and guam
titles. While these non-spectacular
upward tendencies cannot be made
the basis for a sure forecast even for
tho immediate future. they do ap-
parent1y indicate a degree of sta
bilization, a more normal, a healthier
trade, following the disturbing post
war readjustments.
Evening star., 1923-12-16

the land and national and state 1erts-
latton must conform to it
A: The amendment would endan-
ger existing statutes providing for a
forty-eight-hour week, eight or nine
hours a day and other industrial
standards governing the employment
Of women.
81: The amendment would not af
feet existing labor legislation, except
to establish the principle that indus
trial legislation should apply to all
workers. both men and women, in
any given occupation, and not to
working women alone. There are ex-
amples Of state laws which already
apply to both sexes
IA: The amendment would endan-
ger mothers pension laws.
"B": Tho amendment would not en-
danger mothers pension laws, but
would simply establish the principle
that these laws, which are intended
for the beneft Of the child, should
apply to either parent, either father
or mother, who is unable from pov-
erty to support the child. Colorado
is state which has q law Of this
kind
And so the argument goes. Penal
Ties Tor attacks on women, say the
opponents, would be endangered. Not
SO, say those in favor. but the pen
atty would be applicable to either
man or woman, or, in other words,
the guilty party. In some states, say
the opponents, the father of an H.
lfgimate child cannot be held respon-
sible. Would not the mother, also.
escape the penalty under a constitu-
tional amendment? Both, reply those
in favor Of an amendment, should be
held equally responsible in this case.
Determination Cited.
The National Woman's Party qnotes
discriminatory laws by tho bushel
which would be. obliterated through
an amendment to the Constitution. In
many states, for instance, women do
not have equal control with fathers
over the children: women cannot con-
troll or own property; women cannot
control their own earnings; women
cannot make contracts; women can
not choose their own citizenship;
women cannot inherit property:
women cannot enter professions or
Industries on the same terms as men !:
women are not eligible to ONCE in
national, state and local govern
ments; women cannot obtain higher DO
sitions in government service.
True, emphatically and sadly true,
say those who oppose an amendment.
But in their opinion the enactment of
the amendment would be somewhat
analogous to the procedure Of cutting
on your nose to SPITE your face. :,
Evening star., 1923-12-16
ARTICLE TX.

THERE are a number of inter
national unions operating in
the United States and Canada
that have their beginnings in
the first half of the last century. 1t
will be my aim in these articles to
review the history of some OF these
organizations. Their early struggles
and their obstacles and problems and
the manner in which they were over
come should be of tho greatest in
terest to the men and women of to-
day, especially to those who on en-
tering organized industry found
wages and conditions made to order
for them, and who frequently givo
little or no credit to the pioneers
who suffered and persevered. Rome
was not built in day, and the work
ing rules and remunera tion now OBJ
tanning in the industries in which
the members of these older unions
operate are not the creation OF a
month or of year. They were pa
Liently and with infinite toll and
planning built up as the result Of
The history and the gradual success
OF these unions, now constituting a
picture Of enthralling interest, are
sufficient answer to the element that
promises to lead the wage earners to
an industrial heaven, IL only it is
given power.
The structure that organized labor
has built is strong, tested and found
so on many occasions, under tried
and capable leadership, but 1T is not
strong enough to bear the expert
mentation of the doctrinaires. After
they had failed there would be many
more years of sacrifice and effort
before the conditions that now OBJ
90 H.,
radicals would have had their day.
and perhaps their objective. but the
wage earners who had permitted tho
Quackery would eventually pay the
price. 1t would be a dearly bought
lesson.
Increased Rapidly.
The iron molding industry In
America Is said to date back to 1890.
BY 1880 the number Of establish
ments had greatly increased, and
many 5ourneymen molders were en-
ployed in Albany. Troy. Philadelphia,
New York and other places. Work.
ing hours Of the early molders were
long and indefinite. Heats were fire.
quently run all day and all night, It
Is said, because tho cupola had not
yet been introduced, and workmen
Wages were low. Payment was
partly in money and partly in store
orders.
An association Of molders existed
in Philad delphia in 1853. Mr.. John p.
Frey. editor OF the Iron Molders'
Journal, says that tho early history
Of tho industry in the United States
is q record Of attempts to form mill
tant organizations. There are def
mite records of individual molders'
unions as far back as 1886. and there
are reasons for believing that a num-
Der Of molders' unions existed pre-
yions to that time. The International
Molders' Union Of North America was
organized in 1859. 1t now covers the
United States and Canada, and in
cludes stove molders, all gray iron
and malleable iron, steel, brass and
other mixed metal molders and core
makers. Tho present m membership is
more than $1,000.
It is impossible. according to Mr..
Frey. to, ascertain when tho first or
gsufzation Of stove manufacturers was
Evening star., 1923-12-16
ment printing office.

ment printing once.
This book was prepared in response
70 REQUESTS from American business
men, bankers, economists, trade asso-
citation executives and business or
ganization generally for an authori-
tatiye review Of the economic year
throughout the world, prepared from
the point Of view Of American indus
try and commerce.
This valuable edition to business
photography is to be published annu-
ally to meet tho need not merely for
q reference source Of specific facts on
the recent past Of business. but for
general commercial information and
for a survey Of the most important
economic developments Of the year.
Aids in Looking Ahead.
1t is designed to be Of aid in laying
out long-range programs for the sta
bilization Of business and industry, so
as to minimize the economic losses
resulting from the recurrent extremes
of the business cycle.
The outstanding facts of trade, pro-
duction. price changes ar, AND hn,atsS maskes
and analyzed in relation to one an
other SO that their interdependence
may be readily recognized. sum,
maries are included OF the pr1ncipal
manufacturing, mining ana tores.ry
industries, Of agriculture, construc-
tion, transportation, communication,
finance, prices and domestic and for
eign trade Of the United states, with
reviews Of the commercial and INDUS,
trial developments in tho principal
"Tha Commerce Yearbook" is in
tended to serve as q companion Vol,
ume of the Statistical Abstract,
which is a basic source book FOR
wider range Of essential statistics In
detail and for longer periods than
covered in the yearbook.
Subjects Treated.
Among some OF the important cub
5ects treated In the TOO pages OF the
yearbook are tho following: A gen.
eral review Of business: industrial
production; prices. stocks ana malket
the business cycle and unemployment:
reviews of the major manufacturing
and mining Industries; construction
enterprises; production OF and trade
In agricultural products; transporta-
ton; finance and banking, exchange
and securities: foreign trade; interna.
tional trade, and economic review and
statistical abstract of each important
foreign country.
This yearbook shows that 1922 was
year Of marked recovery in industry and
business, but agriculture still Jagged in
recuperation The special impulse to-
ward recovery. aside from the cyclic
swing from acute depression: un-
doubtedly lay in the shortage OF con-
struction during the war and the
stimulation given to other industries
by the activity Of tho building and
construction trades in tho period
which followed the wars close. Pro-
duction OF manufactured goods was
one-fifth greater than in 1871 and
only slightly less than in the boom
years Of 1919 and 1920.
Demand for Goods.
The Increased demand for goods led
to an advance in prices, though far
less sharp than the preceding drop
from the abnormal levels OF the war
and immediate postwar years. Whole
sale prices for 1922 as a whole aver
aged only a trife higher than for
1921. but the general index at the
close OF the year was 13 per cent
above that at the beginning. The
low prices OF farm products during
Evening star., 1923-12-16

CONTINUED from First Page.)
accomplished done away through
a constitutional amendment, which
they believe would lay itself open
to endless interpretations by the
Supreme Court.
Laws for protecting working moth
ors, the anti-constitutional amend
ment element believes. would be null
lifted through a constitutional amend
ment. But the National Woman's
Party does not agree. The mother is
protected, or the widow is paid a
pension. they argue, not because she
is woman, but because she is
mother or a widow. A veteran Is
given Q bonus, OF a pension, not be-
cause he Is a man, but because he
is a veteran. Both forms of COM
pensation are given in recognition
of a service to the state, and not
because of the sex Of the recipient.
. The opponents of the constitutional
amendment fear for the life of the
Sheppard-Towner maternity legisla-
tion under constitutional amend
ment. Says the National Woman's
tton which does not apply to women,
out to mothers. Let Congress edu-
cate postman, or p oliceman, If 1t
wants to. and the constitutional
privilege.
Issues Arc Debated.
For the sake OF brevity. let those
opposing the constitutional amend
ment be known as "a" and those
in favor as "B" and this debate
might follow:
"A": The amendment IS vague and
general.
"B": The proposed amendment, IS
not vague, but states a principle in
language which everybody can un-
derstand. 1t is general because the
national Constitution deals with gen.
eral principles and not with specific
details.
"A": The proposed amendment is
not supported by any national or
ganization except the one that has
proposed It.; namely. the National
League Of Women Voters.
"B"; This Is not an argument
against the Righteousness OF the
amendment. When Susan B. Anthony
introduced the national suffrage
amendment, In 1878. few women sup
ported IL.
"a: Existing inequalities in the
law affecting men and women as such
arc SO complicated in character that
only specific legislation can reach.
them effectively.
"B": The nationaI amendment
would override all existing law dis
eliminating against women. no mat
ter how complicated in character,
and would prevent discriminatory
laws from being enacted by any state
IN the future, because the national
Constitution In the supreme law Of
Evening star., 1923-12-16

difference. The overtures of the
union were favorably received and
the conference was held in Chicago
in 1891. The joint committee, ap-
pointed by the conference outlined a
plan for settling disputes between
the molders and the foundry owners
First of all provision was made for a
conference committee consisting Of
six members-three from the molders
and three from the owners. 1t was
the parties should be referred to the
presidents Of the two associations
and they, failing to reach an adjust
ment, were to summon the conference
jority vote should be final and bind
ing. An important feature of the
plan was that neither party to dis
pute might cease work pending it's
settlement by the method provided.
The making of this first trade agree
ment was recognized by both parties
to 1t as the turning point in their re-
lations.
The question of hours of labor has
been subject Of discussion since the
ment established a seven-hour day
for actual molding: in 1910 the hours
were made six and one-half. and the
actual working day in the foundry
as much work had to be done after
the pouring of the molds; and in 1918
an agreement established the eight
hour working day, with payment for
overtime at the rate of time and one
half.
Method Satisfactory.
Summing up the working out of the
conference method, Mr.. Frey says that
it has been most satisfactory. Com
parison of the progress made by
groups of employers and employees
who have adopted this method since
that time and those who have had
recourse to the principle Of arbitra-
tion under which third party is the
determining factor would seemingly
indicate that the method adopted in
the stove industry has proved the
more efficient. Among other things,
it has compelled both sides to rely
upon themselves and to assume re-
sponsibility. 1t has compelled the
joint representatives to realize that
they must find the common ground
upon which both can stand. It has
prevented the methods and the at
mosphere implied in overstatement
of facts and irrelevant material for
purpose Of influencing a Judge or jury
Evening star., 1923-12-16
BY JAMES NJ. LYNCH.

Former President OF the InteTna-
tional typographical Union; Former
New York State Industrial Commits
sfOner.
Evening star., 1923-12-16

p p NCLE SAM has a Commerce
Yearbook" just coming out
of the bindery at the govern
Evening star., 1923-12-16
.Women's Equal Rights War
Started With Verbal Barraees

Continued from First Page.)
Imperial Valley press., 1923-05-05
Willard Should
Fight Firpo, Is
Expert Opinion
BY JACK McAULIPfE
(Retired Lightweight ChampiOn)
Written for the United Press

NEW YORK, May 5.--Jess vii
lard ought to knock Floyd Johnson
out in six rounds or less, when they
meet here on May -, in the big
heavyweight show.
! have seen Willard ut wOrl; in
his training quarters and | was al
most stunned At the change he has
worked in himself, mentally and
physically since / saw him last in
Philadelphia.
He looks physically perfect. I
saw him work for an hour and 10
minutes without stopping and ne did
not show the slightest symptoms of
being tired.
His mental condition is obviously
improved.
Willard will fight 100 per cent
better against Johnson than he did
against Dempsey. Another thing !
notice is that he has picked up the
Dempsey neck punch and perfected
it into q most formidable weapon.
Willard is n transformed fighter.
He might even put up-a great fight
against Dempsey if they meet again.
He should be fighting Firpo instead
Of Johnson.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-05-05
5 Ell CENTRIC BRANCH - RCFNSoUTHwESr ysyss. BANK
AOvFR1ISFtHEt|I

to score a knockout after few sec
onds of fighting. Young Carpenter
donated his services for the night,
thereby preserving his status as an
amateur.
Jear Hudson There
One of the biggest hits of the
evening was battle royal between
five of Jean Hudson's field hands.
The boys flew at it hammer and
tongs for three two-minute rounds,
and though one black boy was lit
tie groggy, none were any the worse
for their experience, and the spec;
tators were just about all in from
laughing. Jean gave a few fancy
steps before leaving the ring. Two
midgets put on the curtain raiser,
and showed the crowd good time.
1t was clean scrapping between
well matched men in every event
and if Brawley Post keeps it up,
they are bound to establish a big
reputation. Joe Pico handled every
scrap in good shape and Gordon
Brayley was kept busy with an
nouncements, introductions and
challenges.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-05-05
Arm Was Nearly Cooked
States Harry j. Riley

That I was afraid it might spread
over my entire body. There were
constant pains ali through my arm
and at night it hurt 50 bad l could
hardly sleep a wink. used lini
ments and hot applications until
my arm was nearly cooked, and, in
fact, tried everything. including
baths, but could get no relief. Any
one would have to have neuritis to
know how | suffered.
cone day n friend told me to
get bottle Of Tanlac. Well, /
took his advice, and the treatment
helped me from the very start, and
has put an end TO the neuritis
completely. II also acted as n splen-
did all around tonic and made me
feel much better in every way.
am enjoying the best of health and
have no hesitancy in recommending
Tanlac to anyone. -
Tanlac is for sale by all good
druggists. Accept no substitute.
Over 81 million bottles sold. ADV
Imperial Valley press., 1923-05-05
Pacific Southwest

cial purposes The savings deposits
Of bank are those which are
available for capital loans, such as
mortgages, and commercial de
posits, those Offered to the public
for ordinary business loans. Each
type of deposit must be invested by
the banker in such manner as will
insure it's most efficient use.
This means that banks are under
very definite obligation to be 50
thoroughly acquainted with ex-
isting business and potential bust
ness rs to place the funds of the
community in those businesses
which will be of greatest benefit
to the community as Il whole.
In addition, there being only q
certain amount of credit available
within n given community there
must necessarily be an ALLEGATION
on the part of the banker rs BE-
tween lines of business and within
the particular lines rs between in
dividuals.
In pursuance of these duties,
banks have come to the point
where they are maintaining closer
relations with their customers.
Each individual customer sees the
business situation from the angle
of his own activities. The banker
must cOrrelate all of these indivi-
dual conceptions in such II manner
rs to secure Il general picture of the
trend of business activities within
the community in which he is OPP
Grating and must then have con
tracts with outside sources which
can give him a similar picture Of
other communities and the country
as n whole so as to be able to cor
relate tho trend in his own com
munity with those in other portions
of the country-this in order to
assist him in determining whether
the economic tendencies of his own
district are developing along sound
lines.
When the banker builds his bust
ness upon this basis he Immediately
becomes valuable c0nsultant Of
his individual customers through
assisting the individual to develop
his own business on n sound eco
nomic basis.