davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-06-17
MEXICANS DELAY
CONCRETE OFFERS
Payne and Warren Consider
Time Has Arrived for
Definite Proposals.
BY the Associated Press.

by tlfe AsSo'.iaItu freht
MENICO CITY, June l6.-The Mex
lean delegates were still unprepared d
to present their governments pro-
posals for solution of the difficul-
ties which prevent recognition by the
United States, and after a brief ses
sion this morning the mixel confer
ence adjourned until MONDAY
John Barton Payne and IN rrles 3.
Warren. the American delegates d.s-
claim any intention to hurry the pres
cntation of the Mexican formula for
making recognition possible. but
make plain that they consider suffi-
cient time has been consumed in dis
Cussions during the past five weeks
and the time has now arrived for the
presentation of definite proposals.
They assume that both the Mclean
people and the government d.Si-e
recognition by the United States. and
il Is W TO the government to advance
concrete proposals which Will make
this possible. Failure of the Confe~-
ence. II IS intimated, would mean new
political and financial difficulties fer
Mexico.
Debate over Proposals.
The prolonged discussion of the
~
Obregon relative to the concrete pro-
posaIs which the Americans are
awaiting is due. ii is authoritatiyely
stated. to the difficulty of evolving a
method for granting the guarantees
expected by the United States with
out discriminating against the rights
of Mexican citizens and provoking
domestic opposition.
The points at issue have been mar
rowed down to the question OF guar
anteeS for American-owned petroleum
lands acquired under the constitu-
tion of 1857. the alleged retroactive
Interpretation of the constitution of
l?l1, and just compensation for Amer
lean owned lands appropriated under
the existing az "a rian law.
May End Next Week.
The viewpoint of the United States.
which was presented with request
for definite proposals. consisted ex-
clusively of extracts from documents
which the Mexican delegates read in
the minutes.
These documents comprising state
ments from the President, the foreign
secretary and other executive officials
together with Supreme Court rulings.
bear out the contentious of the United
States. II is expected. If the Mexican
reply is favorable. that the conference
will adjourn before the end of the
coming week, with the commissioners
reporting Immediately TO their gov
ernments: but if the reply is unfa-
vorable the conference may break
up much sooner.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
Britain Due TO Stand Firm .
In Opposition to Rultr InunsiOn
Gardiner Believes POincare's Policy Ap.
proaclaes Nearer Defeat and Viii
= Neper Hare English Support. ~

and Poincare. in meeting it with in
sistence on the cessation of passive
resistance, has practically declared
he will not look at the oner.
Baldwin Is anxious to avoid final
breach with France, but / understand
that rather than yield he is prepared
for that eventualfty. England means
to have European settlement and IL
Poincare persists in blocking the way.
she will have to take her own course.
Opinion In this direction Is strength
ened by the striking success of the
Austrian loan both in london and
New York. The loan was subscribed
in fifteen minutes. This is by far the
finest achievement of the league of
nations. Its effect on the Austrian n
situation Is remarkable and the COM
,mercial world feels that the same
policy adopted toward Germany would
80 far in putting Europe or her feet
again But this Is impossible while
fOfncare stands ~obstinately over
prostrate Germany and refuses 10 let
her recover and pay.
Sear Breakinx Point.
The intolera BILE strain which Poin-
care has put on English good will has
reaohed the break ing point and the
moment lis ripe for q firm declaration
that England stands for peace in
Europe and for policy of reconcilia-
tion. In this course there is every
reason to expect the support of Italy.
L That country ds suffering like our
L selves from the paralysis of central
Europe. Also she is disauipted by
the tremendous military power of her
great neighbor which has esta blfshed
more complete hegemony of the
continent than has been experienced
for a century, Belgium is hardly
more than happy under the over
shadowing power of France. She sun
ported F'oincare's Ruhr policy with
out enthusiasm and with evidence of
Its becoming an economic failure and
would be glad to escape from the
adventure. Popular opinion in that
country is moving in. the direction of
the English policy. The movement
has been stimulated by the growing
hostility over the dominance of
|. France. which threa tens TO refuce
BelRium to the position of a pawn on
Poincare's chess board. Nor are signs
wanting that Poinczfre's hold on
! French opinion is weakening The
feeling in the French senate ie mod
Grating greatly under the l1rfiuence
of the economic failure of the Ruhr
policy. and Poincare's acompbete de-
feat in prosecuting Cochin constf-
tutes heavy blow to his pr>esttce
These considerations make the mo-
ment opportune for a firm ATTITUDE on
the part of Baldwin Poincare bas
failed, and Europe recognizes him "a
the foe of common peace If RaId-
win declares for an acceptance of the
German offer he will rally all the
pest innuences to his standard.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
BY MAXIMII.IAN HARDEN.

BY Cable to The Star
BERLIN. June 1.-two days after
Prime Minister Baldwin had declared
1t was England's mission to assure a
European peace, a nationalistic mill
tary coup in Bulgaria overthrow the
Stamboulisky cabinet and placed at
the head of the government eight men
friendly to Radoslavoff, the creature
of Ferdinand Won Coburg, former czar
of Bulgaria
Whether Stamboulisky had ruled
tyranically is OF no concern to Eu-
rope. He proved that he had courage
and Intelligence when he advised
against entering the world war. After
the war was lost and the czar had
fled, the people took Stamboulisky
from prison and placed him at the
mead of the government. In Bulgaria,
land of peasants. he may have un-
duly favored peaSantry at the cost
of the urban intelligentsia. Neverthe-
less the Bulgarian bourgeouise has
him to thank for saving the coun-
try from boIshevism. He may have
made hundreds Of mistakes but he
realized the necessity Of accepting
conditions due to defeat. He brought
those responsible for defeat before
the court and without fear OF un-
popularity curbed the urban elements
ambition and their thirst for power.
Kept Peace Four Years.
He surrendered Macedonia, strove
for good relations with Jugo- -SlaNla.
worked for the consolidation of all
Bulgarias productive forces and thus
maintained peace in southeastern Eu-
rope for four years.
Instead of thanking him and
strengthening his position as a great
peacemaker. England undermined
him first by denying Bulgaria the
promised harbor on the Aegean sea.
and then by permitting his overthrow
without even d Srimace of protest
against a brutal breach of the CON
Stitution.
Why? Because old Bulgaria. with
her aspirations for Macedonia and
Dobrudja, was the mortal enemy of
Serbian and Rumania, and these
statSS are pillars in the little entente,
upon which France feels that she can
count in any emergency. Hence. in
Enslands selfish Judgment. they
would become too powerful If Bull
garia joined them. But Stamboulisky
desired such an alliance and therefore
his overthrow was permitted by Eng
land. which also protects Hungary
and her undemOcratic and scandalous
administration in order that Hungary
against the little entente which took
Croatia, Pennsylvania and Slovakia
away from her.
Little Entente Threatened.
Ii the little entente is threatened
by Italy and Germany, because of the
Adriatic lands and Bohemia by the
warlike Magyars, Bulgarians. Mace
domains and Russians. because of
Bessarabia; and by the Turks, will
hesitate to place itself at France $
side in a European conflict. or at least
will be compelled TO divide its fighting
forces. This is the calculation; il is
much better to have Il renewal of the
cid Balkan differences that threatened
Europe. and consequently the most
unavoidable Bulgarian coup. than to
strengthen the little entente and at
the same time, France. The Franco
British entente is not yet officially
dissolved but the divergence of the
Evening star., 1923-06-17
BY A. q. GARDINER.
Br,tatu.s Greatest Liberal Ed.to,


BY Cable to The Star
LONDON. June r6.-The tug of
war between England and France
concerning the German offer Is still
in the balance. Public opinion every
where has ratified the terms of the
offer as reasonable and even the
French press is unable to adopt a
hostile attitude on the subject. In
these circumstances Poincare's only
hope Of defeating the offer is to di-
vert the issue to question or n formal
reputation by the German govern
ment of passive resistance in the
Ruhr as a preliminary 10 a cOnsid-
Grafton Of the offeg. His hope is to
induce Baldwin to join him in this
demand. But English opinion is
hardening against Internationally
making any such demand on Ger
many. and Baldwin is understood to
be firm in this attitude.
The plain fact is now realized that
Poincare will resist any and every
scheme which might make for a set
tlement by negotiation and the with
drawal from the Ruhr. He is pre-
pa red to sacrifice the prospect OF
reparationS for the establishment of
permanent military occupation of the
power house of German industry. He
has a Strangle hold on Germany's g
iugular and does not mean to let go.
He sees that If the struggle is trans
ferred to commission of experts the
whole policy of the political disme m
berment Of Germany will be imper-
lied and the revival of Germany will
be possible. Hence he uses the prob
lem of passive resistance as a means
of sandbagging the German offer.
Has No Illusions.
The British government is under
no illusion as TO the meaning of this
strategy and is not to be involved in
it. Great Britain opposed the inva-
sion of the Ruhr on the ground that
il would not improve the prospects of
reparations but diminish it, The
British have maintained throughout
that the invasion is contrary to the
terms of the Versailles. treaty, and
this view is now strongly reinforced
by the highest legal opinion in the
country Baldwin recognizes the fact
that il would be a humiliatinE sur
render for England now to call on
Germany to condone the outrage
which Eng land herself has disowned.
Germany has gone to the utmost limit
in presenting her offer. unaccom-
panied by a demand for the with
. drawal of the French from the Ruhr.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
Union and Trade Dues Add
Millions. to i. S. Coal Bill
$50, 100000 to 100000 900 a Year Added
to Bill-Federal Operation
May Be Recommended.

nual levy by the miners az. s-ar,
the aggregate is syrelIed by the cost
OF conducting manifold organizations
OF operators and others selling coal
me soft coal operators alone are d.
Vided into upwards of fifty trade ss-
sociations- Their expenses are es,i
mated at not less than $4,000 non
annually. They give employment to
hundreds, If not thousands, of of1cis ls
and employees. The money to support
them obviously is paid by the man
who buys coal
The Jobbers and wholesalers have
their associations and the retail coal
merchants are organized in hundreds
or local associations. where dues
range from $40 a year up. That situ-
alton also applies. the commission is
advised. to the anthracite industry.
where retailers and jobbers are
strongly organized, and where the
operators are split into two big as
sociations. which embrace nearly all
of them.
Total Around $50. 80. .eOo.
Inc sot,oOO.00O or more required TO
maintain these various and multifold
organizations every year comes out
of money received for coal mined
Among operators the payment of dues
is based on tonnage they mine
Among the other branches of the in
dustry the method Of computing dues
varies, but the result is the same as
to the final payee.
The entire sum. whatever the num-
ber, of it's millions may be. is. tax
exempt under our present income tax
law: Every dollar so raised goes di-
recuy for the purposes of the asso-
Citations spending it-lawyers' fees,
advertising, propaganda and other
things. Including, in many instances,
the financing OF strikes.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
CHINESE FACTIONS
| F|GHT.0vERSPO|L
Effort to Assemble Parlia-
ment FaiIs-Free Use of
Money Reported.
by the Associated Press.

PEklNG, June 16.-The headless
Chinese government is drifting into
a factional fight over the spoiis of
Office.
President Lii Yuan Hung, who fled
to his home in the foreign quarters
in Tfentsin few days ago with
the Chilli miIitarists at his heels,
still is in seclusion there.
Premier Chang Shao Tseng, whose
recent resignation President Ii re-
fused to accept, is reported to have
had offers from Tsao Kun. head of
the Chilli party, to meet him and
discuss affairs. Changs reply has
not been made public.
Disruption in Party.
Within the Chihli party. which is
generally credited with upsettinG
President Ii in a plot to place Tsao
Kun in hrs place, all is not harmony,
according to reports. The bone of
oontention-the spoils of office-is
said TO have produced a split between
the Paoting and Tientsin factions.
The first definite attempt of the
dominant faction of the Chilli party
to swing governmental power into
its camp fell fiat A joint session of
parliament was scheduled for today
muster Of Chihf3 strength to form q
quorum to ratify the pretenS;Ons Of
the remnant Of the Chang cabinet
as the governing body here and con
slider d successor to President Ii.
Only Half Present.
Less than half Of the members OF
parliament attended, and it requires
two thirds of the me HlberShip to deal
with the presidential problem, while
one-half the members must attend tC
form a quorum.
Reports have been current since
President LIS flight that the circu-
lation of money among the parlia-
mentarians has been going on stead
lily, with a view to influe ncing their
opinions. but the ranks of the mem
bers have diminished steadily. A
large number are said to have fed IL
the wake of President Ii. Those rep
rese nting the three Manchurian prov
inces have been recalled by Chang
Tso-Lin, dictator of Ma anchuria
Others who were out of tune with
the general trend of affairs lef1 volun-
tarily.
Subsidies Are Reported.
Last evening members who are sup
porting TSao kun'S candidacy re-
ceived subsidies of $500 each, accord
ing to reliable information here.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
INDIAN VETERAN, HERO
OF WAR. DIES OF WOUNDS
Joe Younghawk Slew Three Ger
mans With Hands and Cap
tured Two Others.

MANDAN, \. D.. June l6.-Joe
younghawk. son of Younghawk. one
of the most famous of the old Indian
scouts OF Gen. George Custer. lost a
four-year battle for life after he had
been wounded and gassed in France
He died at Bismarck, n D., yester-
day.
The wounds which contributed to
Gounehawk's death We're suffered on
the Soissons front when he was sur
rounded by five Germans and cap
tured while on patrol duty. Await
Ing favorable moment Young
hawk turned on. his captors. slew
three with his hands. captured the
other two and. although he himself
was shot through both legs in the
fight. marched them into camp
founshawk refused to discuss the
fight with the Germans after his re-
turn. other than to say that he broke
their backs over his knee. Tribal
services will be held when Young
hawk is buried Monday at the Fort
Berthold Indian reservation. beside
the graves of 106 other Indians who
gave their lives in defense of the
American flag. -
Evening star., 1923-06-17
Winds OF North
Rob Germany OF
Stralu Hat Days
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BERLIN, June 15.-Greenland
Icy mountains have put the straw
hat makers association of Ger
many into mourning. The tenn
perature has fallen seven degrees
below the normal averaging, and
the German weather man says il
IS the ice bergs In the Arctic and
North sea that have prolonged the
furriers and COAL mans season 10
the great distress of the dealers
in ice and summer togs. The are
yailing winds of the last two
months have been from the north
and northwest, with the result
that practically all of northern
Europe has had no real spring.
DIR. Walter Koenis of the Ber-,
lin Neurological Institute says
that during April cold currents
frnm North Russia and the White
sea swept over Germany, while in
NAV and June the air currents
came chiefly from between Ice
land and Srritzbereen. These cur
rents, he declares, have been load
ed up with humidity in passing
over the gulf, stream. and Ger
many thus has had an overcast
sky in addition to low tempera-
lures.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
PADEREWSKI WORKS
TO EAT, HE EXPLAINS
Great Pianist's Fortune Believed
Wasted in Political
Career.
Ry the Associated Press.

By the ASsOcla ted Press
PARIS. June 16.-"Some people ap-
pear to be surprised that l need to
work but if a man wants to live he
must eat. and TO eat he must have
money-lotS Of money-and in these
times the best way to get il is 10
work" said Ignace Jean PaderewSki,
famous pianist. when recently he ap-
peared here with great success after
an absence of more than ten years
from the Partisan concert platform.
The former premier of Poland rnade
no other alluSion TO his financial
situation and ignored query &s 10
what had become of the large for
tune he was supposed TO have pos
sesSed when he retired from cpncel
work TO enter politics.
Every one familiar with events in
Europe since the war knows that
large amount of Paderewski'S money
was spent for Poland. During the
first assembly of the league of ma
tions. as the first delegate for Po-
land he gave luxurious entertain
ments and Poland in consequence
was accused OF being extravasant
while at the same time inviting the
world to subscribe to fund TO night
typhus.
Paderewski. shaking his bushy head
in eloquent negation. thunders when
Paderewski entertains. it is Iade-
rewski who pays"
Evening star., 1923-06-17
ARMY FLYERS IN STUNTS
OPEN TWO-DAY AIR MEET
Combat Forma tions on Program A.
Richards Field, Kansas City.
DirigibIe Due Today.
Rr the Assnciated Press.

By the Associated Press.
KANSAS CITY, Mo, June Is. -
Army fliers had the air at Richards
Field here today in the maneuVers nf
the first day of u day air NEE
Stunt flying and combat formations =
composed most Of the program toda:
SquadrOns are here from Kelly Field
Tex; Fort Riley. Kan: Chanute Fielc
ILL.,. and Fort Sill, Okla.
Tomorrow contests for Army ar4
commercial planes will he held. The
program includes Il fftymile inter
field race for Army planes stunt a,
ing contests. dead stick" landiu-
contests with motor shut Off. para
chute jumping contests and battie
maneuyers
The Army dirigible AC-1 is sched
uled to arrive tomorrow from Scott
Field. Belleville, ILL.,, to take part.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
SOCIALISTS ADOPT POLICY

BRUSSELS, June 16.-An extra
ordinary congress of socialists held
here today adopted a resolution ex-
pressing opposition to any govern
ment advocating fourteen months
military service. which is a part of
Premier Theunis' program. or menac-
ing the present social and trade union
laws.
The congress also approved policy
of direct action and seizure of the
government by the workers.
Evening star., 1923-06-17

Others, whose allegiance to Tsao Kun
was considered uncertain, had their
departure facilitated by payment of
arrears of salary due them, 80
Meanwhile the different, P'oytncsa
are maintaining silence, waiting! H.
the opinion of observers, to sec which
way the wind blsws and declarine
their support of no, one preside ntiaI
candidate. ~
In some quarters there is said to
be discussion Of a dictatorship to AXE
over affairs if parliament continues
obstinate.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
GETS HONOR MEDAL.
Lieut.. D. H. Schaffner Cited for
Exceptional GaIlantry.

First Lieut.. DwIte II. Schaffuer of
Falls Church. Pa. formerly attached
70 Company X, 366th Infantry 18th
Division. has been awarded con
gressional medal of honor for con
spicuous gallantry and intrepdity
above and beyond the call of duty In
action against the enemy near =
Huberts Pavilion. BoureUilles.
| France. September IS. 1918"
Evening star., 1923-06-17
NOT GUILTY IN FLOGGING.

BIRMINGHAM, Ala, June 16-
Porter \. Newman, plumber. was
found not guilty on charges of assault
with intent to murder and kidnapping
in connection with the abduction and
logging May Il. 1922, Of Dr. j.. d.
Dowlfns. eifys a hd cbunty health Off
Ger. by, jury in criminal court here
tonight. The jury was out one and
fifty minutes.
Evening star., 1923-06-17

Because of tho rapidly rising. price
Of meat in -France the government
has temporarily prohibited the ex
portaxion of cattle.
Evening star., 1923-06-17
SENATOR TO SPEAK.
Reed to Give Address at Bellear
Wood Dedication.

Senator Reed of Pennsylvania who
served as a major in the American
expeditionary force, has accepted an
invitation to speak July % at the
French national park. He will sail
for France July 10.
Former Mai Gen. Hartford, who
was Gen. Pershing's chief of staff
overseas. also will be a speaker at the
exercises
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1923-09-17
Presbyterians Hold
Missionary Meeting

The Woman's Missionary Society
of the Presbyterian church will meet
in the church parlors Thursday Sept.
20 at p. m. for a regular meeting.
Mrs. L. F. Crawford will lead the
devotionals. The subject for the day
will be the Philippine Islands.
Z Other numbers on the program in
clude:
Facts about the Philippine Islands
Mrs. A. w Schneider.
The new and old Philippines-Mrs.
r. G. Goddard.
General Wood in the Philippines
Mrs. Benton Baker.
With the Army of the Cross in the
Philippines-Mrs. H. L. Wheeler.
Acting as hostesses will be Mrs.
VIM. LANCER and Mrs. " ]. Macleod
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1923-09-17
Necklace of Finger
Bones of Clusters
Soldiers Pictured

A photograph Of a necklace OF
human finger bones" from the
hands OF soldiers who lost their
lives In Clusters last fight on the
Little Big Horn June Is, 1875. has
been received by the Tribune from
H. B. Mcconnell, editor OF 1.-The
Cadiz Republican" Cadiz. Ohio.
The necklace has been In the
possession of d. C. Reed since
1885 when he obtained It from
Chief Riding Horse who wore the
gruesome ornament about his u,,ck
for ten years. but refused to part
with the precious necklace. &
According to the story printed
in the Republican Mr.. Reed. q shoe
dealer, sent the chief q pair Of
shoes. Sometime later the chief
sent for Mr.. Reed and son to
pa1take of a feast. They were
first served with dog soup. The
next course included roast dog.
Neither Of these dishes were .rsls
ished by the Reeds, but they felt
they could endure discomfort for
sometime II only they might se-
cure possession OF the necklace.
FINALLY the chief presented 1t to
Mr.. Reed. 1t is the intention Of
the Reeds to present the necklace
to the Smithsonian Institute"
Mr.. Mcconnell has collected
about thirty books concerning
General Custer or books that he or
his wife have written, and other
books that have been written about
people residing in his county.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1923-09-17
AT THE MOVIES
THE ELTINGE

"The Rustic of Silk" Herbert
Brenon's first production for lara
mount, in which Betty Compson and
Conway Tearle are featured, shows ut
the Eltinge today and tomorrow,
Monday and Tuesday. In addition to
being published in book form, this
Cosmo Hamilton story also ran as u
serial and achieved great popularity.
1t is full of romance and possesses
certain naive quality so far as the
feminine leading role is concerned.