davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-07-11
Ford Wins the Straw Vote.

Henry Ford, according to the final
returns of Golfers presidential straw
vote, stands out head and shoulders
above the rest Of the candidates OF
the total 259,553 votes cast, Ford re-
ceived 1856. President Harding led
the republican presidential "possibili-
ties with 51,755, and William G. Nc
Adoo, man Of many Jobs under the
Wilson administration, led the demo-
Gratis with 19,401.
An attempt has been made, it is
said, to obtain cross-section of Amer.
dcan political opinion. But straw votes
in the United States, while showing
to a certain extent which way the
wind is blowing, in the past have fire.
auently failed to point clearly to the
final result in political battles. Herbert
Hoover, Secretary of Commerce, was
a power in the straw votes before the
last republican national convention;
his name was accorded a tremendous
ovation in Convention Hall at Chicago.
On the floor of the convention, how
ever, he had scarcely a handful of
votes for the nomination.
There is a similarity between the
positions of Hoover and Ford as poten.
tial nominees for President, in 1920
and in 1924, respectively. Hoover had
a grasp on the imagination of the
American people, as food administra.
tor during the war and as feeder of
starving Europe. There was ciamor
for a business man In the White
House, and Hoover's abilities were
recognized. Both these factors belong
today to Henry Ford. Also, there was
uncertainty as to which of the old par
ties Hoover really belonged. The same
is true of Ford today. Ford was nom-
mated on the democratic ticket for
senator against Newberry and made
he sesa. His trisnds also sought the
Evening star., 1923-07-11

republican nomination for him, but he
lost to Newberry.
The situation in the national con-
ventions Of the old parties. so far as
instructed delegates. instructed
through primary votes. conventions,
etc, will be the same next year as Il
was in 1920. Strong efforts have been
made to extend the primary system,
and. on the other hand, by the con-
servatives to return all along the line
to the convention system. The result.
however, has been a draw in the states
affected. There will be the same num-
ber of hand.picked delegates as in the
past. The selection of the nominees
will be made, therefore, as in the past,
largely through the political leaders,
with the rank and file following.
That being the case, it seems certain
that President Harding cannot be
beaten in the republican convention by
Henry Ford or any one else. The
grasp the administration has upon the
political machinery in many of the
states leaves little doubt Of this fact.
Ford, therefore, must look to the
democrats for presidential nomination
or to a third party. Democratic lead
ers have, up to date. spoken of the
Ford boom with something Of smile
in their eyes. 1t may be they will
change, but the political leaders of the
party at present do not intend to nom-
mate Ford If they can help 1t. William
G. McAdoo, it is surmised, did not
withdraw from the race for the demo-
cratic nomination in 1920 without a
very definite idea that he would be a
candidate in 1924. His friends will
give Mr.. Ford a battle in the conven-
ton, and so will the friends of Cox,
Smith, Underwood and others.
Henry Ford is the richest man in
the world. In the past Presidents Of
the United States have been men OF
comparatively moderate means. 1t is
reasonable to believe that any party
nominating Mr.. Ford for President
would not want for money. Also 1t
would be a strange anomaly should
the richest man alive be elected Presi-
dent, presumably by the votes Of men
and women of moderate or little
means.
Evening star., 1923-07-11
EDITORIAL DIGEST

may have far-reaching effects for a
governmental body to step out of its
own field, as the Interstate Com
mission has done, to curb competition
in the case of a single mining develop
ment may not seem very important,
yet it has a Significance in pointing
out to prospective promoters and in
vestors the needlessness of their ef-
forts h1t', to-, to open enn,n more mines in the
ing the reasons why the decision of
the commission has met with criti-
cism the Lynchburg News insists 1t
esta biishes precedent that might
ble,' the News continues, appears
TO be that the ruling was made not
purely on railroad question but on
one of general Industrial and eco
nomic theory. That the law ever con-
templated such course by the In
where indicated in the text of the
statute. The commission was au-
thorfzed and empowered to regulate
fa1Iroads, not to regulate industry"
the Binghamton Press comends
to nationalism of mines and suggests
"as practical politician he knows
, that he could not safely tolerate
another coal strike on the eve Of a
presidential election" so the Press
believes the public can rest on his
pledge that we will find solution !"
But just what the solution will be
puzzles the Chattanooga News. which
fsss fssis f the shall under
ment 1t will have to have the CO.
, operation of all parties. the public
generally, to assure success. The is-
sues sues are comparatively simpIe but
The Springfield Union seems con-
vlnced that, regardless of whatever
disputes are engendered. there must
be no strike, pointing out that facts
or no facts, public opinion is not likely
to be tender this year to a strike for
higher wages and for higher costs.
The public needs more than a year to
forget last winters experiences" The
fear also is expressed by the Okla
koma City. Oklahoman that political
pressure from various sources may
cause Congress to dilly-dally in re-
gard to this problem of coal, as 1T has
done concerning other important is
sues. Congress has fiddled many
times while Rome burned. 1t is not
right to make man work at the
point of bayonet. but it is right to
use the bayonet, IL necessary, to make
work"
i is the opinion Of the Kansas City
the chief trouble with the coal indus
try, especially in the bitumineus
fields. and 1t suggests "if zoe, 900 men
could be dropped from the industry
the remainder could mine all the coal
necessary. with fuli-time employment
and without the ever-recurring strikes
to enforce demands for wages based
on part-time work" This, also. Is
very much the opinion of the Grand
Rapids Press, which points out too
button of the railroad facilities carry
ing coal, and the lack of cars Is the
chief reason for shortages. Concen-
tration in more and more limited coal
areas will mean better distribution.
But that Is only part of the problem.
II what President Harding says means
anything, IL means some way is to be
found to cut down the labor force and
the excessive number Of comparative
~ inefficient minsA -----
Evening star., 1923-07-11
Crop Prospects.

The crop prospect is an encouraging
feature of the domestic situation. The
July forecast by the Department of
Agriculture is that this years yield of
corn. wheat, cotton, tobacco and other
leading field products will be only 3
per cent lower than last year, and that
the twelve major crops will be worth,
in round numbers, eight billion dollars.
based on the prices of July I. The in
dicated value of the crops of 1928 is
one billion dollars greater than the
value of that of 1922, and about two
and a quarter billion dollars greater
than the crop of 1921. There is no
such prosperity roducer as big and
profitable crop. 1t brings content to a
large and active part of the popula-
tion. 1t stimulates trade in city, viii
lage and hamlet. The country store
does a good business. The rural bank
revels in good crops. The big crop
makes heavy traffic for the railroads
in hauling produce from the farms and
in hauling back to the farms groceries,
machinery. building materials, furni-
ture, clothing and all other forms Of
manufactured articles. The big crop
tends to make people in the country
and the villages turn deaf ears TO poll
ticians who promise prosperity by up.
setting the stablished order, and a
big crop helps stabilize prices of food
for those millions of people who are
not ngaged in agriculture.
Evening star., 1923-07-11

should be found to end it. There 10 a
general movement among Americans
to teach and stimulate reverence for
the flag among the rising generation.
and to stir up patriotic emotions in
Americans whose emotions Of that ma
ture have become dulled AS one
means to this end there is a wide
spread call for the display of the flag
of the country. the emblem Of the re-
public. That any person or set Of per-
sons should take advantage of this
situation to make extraordinary profit
is reprehensible. and IL the practice is
as general and "hard.boiled' as al
legged the government should inter
vene.
The word "profiteer," which was
coined during the war, has taken a
definite place in the speech Of the
American people. ThatIhere has been
profiteering or overcharging in many
lines Of goods is believed by all per-
sons, and If profiteers have picked out
the American flag as a shining mark
a remedy should be applied by the
government.
Evening star., 1923-07-11
Profiteering in the Flagf

The chairman Of the executive com.
mittee for the Lake Champlain his
torical pageant has written to the At.
torney General asking If there is
legal power to rescue the nations flag
from profiteering bunting trusts whose
methods are SO destructive Of the pa.
triotic spirit of the nation?" He sug.
gests that the manufacture and sale
Of the United States nag should be
under the direction ana control of
some department of the government.
The specific complaint is that not
enough flags could be bought to supply
the wants of the celebrants even at
prices ranging from so to 500 per cent
higher than pre-war prices.
Profiteering has become a nation.
wide scandal, and II there Is profiteer.
Ing In the national banner means
Evening star., 1923-07-11
Naming School Buildings.

A deadlock has developed between
the board of education and the Dis
trict Commissioners over the question
of naming four new school buildings
that will be opened during the next
financial year. The board has proposed
to honor four men, two of them
identified with the history of the Dis
trict schools, one who aided as legis-
lator in the development of Washing
ton and one who, longtime resident
OF the District, was a great American
historian. The Commissioners prefer
TO give to these schools the names of
four former District Commissioners.
Fortunately this controversy will
not delay the opening and the use of
these buildings for school purposes.
They can be put into commission and
aid in the relief of the school conges-
tion, whether they are named or not.
If known by mere numbers or given
hyphenated titles ending the final
settlement. But the dispute has its
significance, which is not to be ignored
in any partisanship that may be
evoked for either set of names.
Fhis deadlock is an example of the
bad condition under which the Dis
trict's schools are operated. with de-
tachment from the District municipal
administration. The board of educa-
tion is named by judges of the District
Supreme Court. a function for which
the members of that court do not care,
and which does not by any stretch of
logic belong to them. All of the esti-
mates for school purposes are framed
first by the board and then are con-
sidered by the Commissioners, and
modified by them in accordance with
the general scheme of budget making
School buildings are designed by the
District architect, and are erected un.
der the direct supervision of the Dis
trict Commissioners, frequently with a
serious difference of opinion regarding
plan and equipment and even the SITE
on the part of the board. which is in
trusted with the direction of the school
system.
This division Of responsibility works
out unfortunately, causes delays,
arouses friction. The schools are by
law, in point Of direct administration,
detached from the District govern
ment, and yet are kept under the
municipal administration in point of
physical equipment and finance. The
members of the board of education are
not responsible to the Commissioners
for their action. and yet are hampered
often in their course of school develop
ment and management by reason of
the fact that the Commissioners have
In certain important respects a virtual
veto power.
1t would seem that the board of edu-
cation should have the right to desig-
nate the names of the buildings in ac.
cordance with a fixed plan and system.
Yet the Commissioners now urge that
they have the final word. 1t is not a
vital matter as compared with the
question of adequate school equip
ment, but it illustrates the awkward
ness of relationship in school matters
from which the District has suffered
for long period. Perhaps this con-
troversy over the names Of the four
buildings will bring to a head this
question of school jurisdiction and
lead to legislation at the next session
finally Strengthening out this tangle
and defining authority.
Evening star., 1923-07-11
District Needs.

The public understands the difficulty
of the task of the Commissioners in
going through the estimates Of depart.
ment heads for the next fiscal year for
the purpose of preparing estimates for
submission 10 the bureau OF the
budget. 1t is said that the aggregate
of the estimates now before the Com
missioners is 100000, 900. This is a
! great sum, and it Is likely that some
highly desirable projects for District
betterment will be set aside for realiZa-
ton in another year.
The needs of the District are many
and pressing. During the years of the
war there was little public work on
local betterments. yet the population
of the city grew at a great rate. Since
the war the city has expanded at
remarkable pace, and public funds
have not been obtainable to catch up
with the work left undone during the
war or to keep step with the post
war growth of the city.
A stern chase is a long chase, but
the District authorities. with the sup
port of the people, will stick to the
task until schools, water mains, sewers,
street paving, street lighting, fire and
police protection. garbage and trash
collection and all the other parts OF
government are brought abreast of the
needs Of the city
When the Commissioners. in prepar-
ing their estimates, have disposed OF
routine items they will come to the
consideration of several great matters.
One Of these is the estimate or the
board of education, which is approx
mately s11 100000 A large part of
this sum is needed for new school
buildings and grounds. 1t is notorious
that the school population of the Dis
trict cannot be properly housed in the
quarters available now, and there is
no other remedy than the erection of
new buildings.
The extension of sewers is urgent,
and the sewer department sets 2,000,-
600 as the minimum sum for giving
sewer service to those parts OF the
District which have been recently
built up.
Extension of water mains is needed,
but this matter may be easily taken
care Of, because the water department,
which is self-supporting, has the funds
needed for the proposed work. And
here is an added argument why the
proposed sewers ought to be built, for
water main and sewer main must or
should go together.
There is the plan for improved light
ing of the streets. 1t proposes the ex-
penditure of good deal Of money, yet
everybody knows that miles of our
streets are very poorly lighted, and
that Improvement must be made along
that line. There is also the matter of
a high.pressure water system for fire
protection in the central business Sec
ton. Many other local needs are press
ing, and the task of the Commission
ers in preparing estimates which will
pass the director of the budget is not
an easy one.
Evening star., 1923-07-11

I @. Why are musical terms in
| Italian?-K. d. w.
A. Modern music started In Ytafv
| fostered by the popes. and the musical
terms employed there have been car
ried into other lands.
O. How did Pebeco tooth paste get
| its name?-L J. r.
A. 1t Is word coined from the
| name of the original COMPANY.
| Reiersdorf e. Co. of Hamburg, Ger
many. The business. including the
! trade mark. was sold by the alien prop
| erty custodian to its present owners.
o. who made the Hrst triple play
unassisted in baseball? d. B.
A. For wears Paul Hines was
! credited with this record. 1t was
| supposed he made II IN game Nav
| g. 1873. but the records show he did
double play unsssisted. but with tho
! resistance of SwaeZey he completed
| the trirIe play The first mnassisted
| tripie plav Of which anv official rec
! o~d can ha found was that made h.
taorl against Jersey City. August 1s
1902.
o. What per cent of the T-nitef
| states commerce was carried ny
4
Of United States shippinE?-L. G. B.
A. In 1926 United States vessels
carried s5 per cent Of the imports.
and sa.6 pcr cent of the exports Tr
1922 34.f per cent Of the total value
Of goods imported came In American
ships and as4 per cent of the "N-
norts-in value-were carried in Amer
lean bottoms.
q How r,anv makes ~ phone
graphs are there? J. q. r.
A. Tho FALLING Machine World
Trade directorv saws that there arn
1916 listed with it and that possibly
Machine Journal lists about eightee"
as being what il calls standard
makes.
O. When was the Frst ladies' aid
society started? r. ". y.
A. The first ladies' aid sociAtv
seems to have been the nne founded
nv Dorcas, referred to in the HOLY
Scriptures as Tahitha. by interpre-
tation Dorcas I-pon her death she
was surrounded nv evidences Of her
good works widows and ornhars
showing tho coats and garments
IA sf1icned nv norras This Is rn-
corded in the Holy Scriptures. Acts
ix.es-4o
O who discovered the fac+ that
| herreiic sealing IF foods would pre-
| sArve themo s c. p.
A. The Napoleonic wars were
| sponsible for this discovery. The
| French government offered nriZe
! for the most practical method Of
preserving foods for sea service and
military stores. NJ Nicholas Appert.
after experimenting from 1875 until
1909. submitted a treatise on means
of preserving foods and received the
| prize of 10000 francs. His method
was TO inclose fruit, after heating
IL. in a glass bottle. which was then
| corked and subjected to action of
boiling water.
(Send questions to the Star Tnforr,r-
ton BureGn. Frederic J. HdSkiiI, Direct
or. 1920 North Capitol street. Be SURE
TO t1rite popr. fun name and address 70
that the information may be sent direcl.
Evening star., 1923-07-11
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
By Frederic J. Haskin

Q. How many church members are
there in Washington? X. P.
A. The Christian denominations
have an aggregate church member
ship of 164.t13. including 51.421
Catholics. ss.s7s Baptist, 2O,s3s
Methodists, 1925 Episcopalians,
1888 Presbyterians. 3,255 Congrega-
tionalists and 1850 Lutherans. About
twenty thousand members are divided
among other denominations In smaller
groups.
q. Nav a writer quote from a book
without permission of the autho-. pro-
vided due credit is given? T. N. A.
A. TIE National Association Of Book
Publishers says that any hook or
printed matter. which has heen nrop-
eriv COPYRIGHTED cannot be drawn
upon for excerpts. pictures. diagrams.
etc. without permission Of tho owner
Of the copyright.
a. Did Ale~ander Graham Bell &C.
tua'lv succeed in making a dog talk
F g.
A. Nv manipulating the doris mouth
and throat. repertoire Of sc'inds
was produced a sentence was form
"Ou-a h oo-gamoma." hut which with
constant practice became the famous
sentence. "Hnw are you. grandmamma. "
The dog could not say the sentence
by himself
q What will rAs'o~A co'or to
clothes that are spotted?-w. d. P.
A. When the colo~ on fabric has
heen DESTROYED or changed. ammonia
should he anplied to nertrai'ze the
ACID. a suhsaruent annIirr'ion nf
"h'orofnrr usually restores the orig
inal color.
q. When were i've banjo ciocts
first made in New England?-J. L. c.
A. The W-illa-d or h"rio c'N"lzs 80
well known In the vicinity of Rosten.
are of the hanging variety. The Will
lard frmiIv of rInckmakerS beoan
With BENJAMIN willard about 171n.
The actual date of the first clock is
not known.
0. who was .he Arst OF the renais-
sance Popes?-B. NJ. q.
A. Nicholas ". I447-55).
O. Who introduced into America the
use Of finger bowls?-R. ". X.
A. Thomas Jefferson introduced the
use of finger bowls and a number Of
other customs he had observed in
Europe
q. rs il true that Buffalo Bill was
entertained by royalty in Europe?-
F. l. l..
A. Everywhere Col. Cody went in
Europe with his famous wild west
show he was entertained by ROYALTY
Once in London he was host to the
Prince of Wales. the King of Den
mark. the King of Saxonv, the Kline
OF Greece and the Crown Prince OF
Austria. all of whom rode around the
ring in the Deadwood coach.
Q. How many Dersons are emDloveG
in industry in washington?-T. F.
A. The last manufacturing census
reported ss3.s0S,17s Invested in in.
dustries in the District. which en-
ployed 10.4S2 wage earners and turn et
| out products valued at s6S.S26,57t
during the census year.
Evening star., 1923-07-11
Regardless of How It Is Arranged,
There Must Not Be a Coal Strike.

! There are 80 many present angles
to the coal situation that editors gen.
orally seem puzzled regarding which
lis the most important, Discussing
the entire subject, however, there is
displayed a general unanimity of
opinion ahat there must be no stop
page OF mining during the present
year. Last winters suffering is not
to be duplicated. editors insist.
This contention has directed atten-
ton to the action of the Interstate
Commerce Commission in refusing
to allow the Virginian railroad to
build a spur track to new mines in
West Virginia. The declaration of
the commission that there are too
many mines at present comes In for
both criticism and praise. The action
of the commission is acclaimed by the
New York Post as courageous at
tempt to deal with two sides OF a
problem" while the Wall Street Jour
nal characterizes 1t as a wonderful
gle hold" Carried out to Its reason
able limits, the Journal and the New
York Times insist the commission
"might discover an overproduction OF
shoes in Connecticut and forbid the
building of a spur connecting a new
",
colt johnson. 1t might restrict the
output OF wheat and increase that of
corn" The Springfield Republican, on
its part, argues that while the com :
mission here assumes a. penevoient
despotism over a lawiess industry, the
propriety Of the precedent may well
be questioned" And the Wilkes
Barre Record feels this new form OF
regulation establishes precedent OF
great Importance. In fact. t is SO
radical that the courts may not sus-
tain IT,"
There is a hope that is nation wide.
the Indianapolis Star 10 convinced.
that 1.-The coal industry eventually
will be stabilized" and 1t approves
the action of the commission even
though the the cost OF bssn ssoin sssooe" ns SPIT II
likewise is the opinion OF the Port
land Express that "the decision OF the
commission Is good law, and II its
premises are correct. IL 10 inspired
by good sense" But all along the
Press sees the outlook. the country
is muddiing through as to coal: II
may be admitted that President Hard
ing, in his recent address to west
ern audience on this subject, did not
add much to Its adjustment. the
msad1s throaFh rau ho' He sspresssd that
idea more elegantly. Aside from that
he praised the coal commission, ad-
yised everybody who can buy coal to
do SO. said that mine workers cannot
be forced to produce coal and that
naturalization Of minea is not rem
edy and favored justice In dealing
with the miners. This does not seem
to mean much, except as the coal
commission may actually produce q
workabie plan for the future. As to
next winters necessities 1t means
nothing"
The main fact impressing the Bos-
cofnmiseion's action accoYds with the
opinion as the coal commission, but
It conuA1axp 1t . rEeosdsnt which
Evening star., 1923-07-11

The improvements to be noted in
the far northwest may be considered
as a reminder of the world benefit
that might have been attained had the
Russian government decided to throw
Siberia in when it sold Alaska.
Evening star., 1923-07-11

Private and public ownership Of coal
mines remain subjects of controversy.
The fact that the consumer must
temporarily possess the cash is the
one point definitely settled.
Evening star., 1923-07-11

John d. Rockefeller declined TO in.
vite the village band to play on his
eighty-fourth birthday. AS man goes
on in years his taste in music natu-
rally becomes more exacting.