davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
CHAIR VERSUS GALLONS

The press of Alabama, very faith fully reflecting public sentiment, is in favor of the plan to substitute cleo trocution for hanging as a means of executing criminals under the death sentence. A bill to be introduced in the legislature will provide for the change and require that all death -sntences be administered at Kilby prison. Other provisions limit the number of persons who are permitted to witness the execution to a dozen or so officials, physicians, reporters and friends and relatives of the condemned persons.
 The change should be made. One after another the states are substitut- ing electrocution for the gallows, and have found by experience that, while
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

To the Editor of The Age-Herald: :
 Are we not in danger of allow ing our sympathy for the penalties Inflicted upon criminals individ- ually go to such an extent that the effect on society at large will be injured? If the punishment of the individual criminal is made so light as to be a subject for levity after the penalty Is paid. poten- tial criminals believe that they may commit crime and get off lightly, crime increases. Jail con- ditions have been improved to such an extent that some persons commit minor offenses for the purpose of going to jail in prefer epce to working for a living. In portions of the state negroes killed and maimed each other on the, slightest provocation until, in an aggravated case, one was made to pay the extreme penalty for murder. and since there has been marked falling off in such cas- ualties. w. E. HOTCHKISS.
 Courtland, Ala. July IS. 1923.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
Fad For Organization Very Much Overdone

jar over good citizenship. Nat urally we believe any one who sprang from the loins of the re- public is whole -heartedly in fa- vor of the preservation of our in- stitutions. that he would resist to the uttermost any change in them, save by lawful procedure. This would argue that the old stock of Americans are wholly law-abiding and law enforcing. But what about Adams county. Ohio, where a population. pure-bred American, as we express it, became so cor rupt that practically all of it's citizens. even ministers of the gos- pei. sold their votes? What about recent occurrences in Williamson county, Illinois? It would be difr ficult to find any place in Amer ica where there are more citizens who trace their ancestry back to the revolution. yet men were mur- dered in cold blood there and in- dictments and trials resulted in acquittals. The murders occurred in broad daylight, in the presence of thousands, but no one in court seemed to know who tho murder- CTS were.
 I do not care to tilt a lance with the many organizations for the making of good Americans, but I hope for 8 revival of the ancient idea of education. Let good citizenship be preached in the first grade in school and there after. day after day, week after weekf month after month, year after year. in season and out of season. Let us place upon tho conscience of every growing child in America the solemn obligation to support and defend the constf- tuition and to obey tho law because 1t Is the law; and let us go farther and remember that every citizen is police officer in the presence of crime. There is an idea abroad bootlegger and remain a good citi- zen. This idea cannot be sus- tained, legally or morally. There Is also an idea that good citizen may keep still if a friend has committed crime. This is hu- man, but not patriotic. When we shall have educated all our peo- pie into the belief that they should keep the law and assault 1t only in, words, not in deeds, and should join public officials in at tempts to punish men for viola- tions of even those laws which We believe to be unwise, unjust and foolish, we shall have terminated many discussions now disturbing the people and preserved the moral fiber of our citizenship through respect for law. without which the best of governments must go down. When we reach a point where our people spend more time in devising ways to violate e law than to preserve or alter 1t, where government officials wink at breaches of 1t, and where author ity Is impotent, we are on a fair way to a time when all the or ganizations In the world will not save us.
 Copyright. 1923. by Twenty first Century Press)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

casual consideration, that the farmers are incensed because the tariff has done them no good and because the
 other legislation touted as of so much benefit to agriculture has proved equally futile. They would not turn squarely upon their former allegiance and vote the Democratic ticket, but they would choose an independent of their own number. Of course, if Mag nus Johnson cannot show results, they will just as promptly turn their backs upon him. Such is the natural pen alty for political promises unfulfilled.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
Mine Accidents Avoidable

To the Editor of The Age-Herald;
 nave the report of the acci- dent that happened at Sloss ore mine No. 1, near Bessemer, which occurred last week, killing eight miners and crippling several by a coupling breaking loose and let tlns the cars get away, and that coroner Russum gave his report in that the accident was unayoid- . able. Really, I don't see where he could make that statement, as I know 1t could have been avoided simply enough by having a short cable attached to the main cable by a clovis and the cable run un.. uer the mine cars to the first car that goes down the slope; then connect 1t to the draw bar with another clovis. Then if any of the couplings break loose this snort cable would hold them from getting away. Thus it would avoid any accident. Having for ty-fiVe years experience in the mines, l know what I am talking about. Also I have read about ac- cidents that happened befor. this one that could have been avoided where the coroner gave his report in as unavoidable. Some of your readers may believe him, but the majority do not. The most of these accidents are due to care lessness and could be avoided.
 ROBERT GIBSON.
 Birmingham. Ala.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
By THOMAS R. MARSHALL, Former Vice President of the
 United States

am ancient enough of days to remember the battle cry of the republic fifty years ago. It was, We must educate, we must edu- cate, or we perish" Well, we edu- cated and educated and educated during all these years, and at the end of them we are raising a new battle cry. It is, we must or ganize. we must organize, or we perish"
 Whether this organization idea is to be sort of a handmaiden of education or its boss, I do not know. I do know that to not few of us who are afraid to throw a letter in the waste-basket with out reading 1t for fear 1t may contain som ething which we ought to know, this organization busi- ness already is a nuisance. The government of the United States seemingly Is unable to take care of itself, Judging by the letters we receive from first one society and then another. The public schools and the private institu- tions of learning of the country apparently are impotent. off, cials and educators do not have the ability, desire, or vision, &C., cording to these organization themes. to train up to the right kind of American citizen.
 It must require some consider able nerve on mans part to an- nounce himself as the champion of American ideals, to lay out what he calls set of principles, state that inherently these prin- ciples form the basis of the Amer ican republic, and then circularize the country in some such way as this: We are about to organize a group of public spirited men and women who seek to awaken and sustain a more lively interest in the American government" or, "We are about to organize a so- ciety for the Americanization of the foreigner because the dangers to America from ignorant aliens in our midst constitute the most awful menace to our institutions" or, We believe that nothing is so essential to good government as to impress upon the minds of the people that they are all right, all though they know they are wrong;" or, There are secret in- fluences at work, undermining our institutions. We have organized to preserve our institutions" These are not exact quotations from circulars which have come to me, but they will illustrate the ideas which constantly clog the mails. One is all the time being importuned to permit the use of his name as sponsor or an hon. orary vice president; for $100 you may enlist as a life member or for $500 you can become a founder.
 No one disputes tho right of people in America to organize for most any sort of principle that they choose to enunciate, if 1t be not in violation of the constitu- tion and laws of this country; but
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
ANOTHER SHIPPING VICTORY

Slowly, it may be, but surely, the
 American merchant marine is forging ahead and winning its way in the worlds carrying trade. Instances have been previously given in these col umns how vessels flying the American flag have been increasing their per centage of the tonnage of various universal commodities; how, for ex- ample, they now carry sixty-three per cent. of American cotton, as against less than ten per cent. two years ago.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

are two agencies which profit through the sale of the labor of Alabama's wrongdoers. The first of these Is the state of Alabama. The second of these agencies is composed of the coal operators, five or six in number, but powerful politically, who are get ting their coal mined at a low price through contracting with the state. for the use of convict labor. Eliminate the greed in- volved in the question. and steAs would be under way tomorrow to abolish the convict lease system In Alabama.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
Ways of Economy
(Anniston Star)

NxtIIIIIStOII OtdTJ
 There are many better ways for economizing the expenses of a state than in cutting the salaries of its officeholders. There are useless expenditures in all state governments which amount in the aggregate to many thousands of dollars. which could be eliminated with much more benefit and greater real saving than in re- ducing the standard of service of public servants by making their pay insufficient to meet their liv- ing expenses.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

Senators Johnson, Borah, Brook hart, Wheeler, Ladd and others who favor recognition of Russia by the United States might keep in mind that so long as Russia holds to the policy of repudiation, she has no claim for consideration from any nation which believes that national repudiation of debts is even niore reprehensible than individual lodging of bill collectors.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
"Something Rotten in Denmark"
 (Gadsden Times-News)

Gag rule' and "railroading" methods have been the policies of those who want to see the lease system retained. What influences are behind these rotten methods we are not prepared to say. We do know. however, that there is something rotten in Denmark" and that the state of Alabama has legislature of which she must admit to the world that she is ashamed. We had high hopes that the present legislature would make constructive record at this session. There Is no hope for a legislature that turns its back on the people and openly says D the public" If any good comes from this session, the people may consider themselves fortunate. They cannot depend on the Legislature All they can do is hope for the best.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

essarily the cleanest and health lest. A sense of individual per- sonal obligation on the part of its citizens makes a town clean and healthy. Most citizens feel that obligation by instinct, and nat urally and unconsciously observe the accepted standards of orderli- ness and decency. Those who do not must be educated in that fun damental of citizenship which re- quires cooperation for the com mon good. If they will not yield to public opinion, stronger meas ures must be applied.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
A Humane Measure
Huntsville Times)

The faithful clerks who have been granted a Thursday half holiday by their employers are grateful and appreciative for the time 1t affords them to get out and rest. enjoy Gods own pure fresh air and have brie; session each week through July and Au- gust with their friends and loved ones.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
10 FAVORITE BOOKS
GAS chosen by V. snckvillc West,

(As chosen by V. SackviIlc West) Wuthering Heights (Emily Bronte).
 The Memoirs of a Midget (Wal- ter de le Mare).
 Anna Karenina (Tolstoy). Nostromo (Joseph Conrad). The Idiot (Dostoievsky).
 The Iiliad and The Odyssey. The Forerunner (Merejkowskf). Jude the Obscure (Thomas Hardy).
 The Brook Kerith George Moore).
 The Bible. Copyright. 1923. in United States and Great Britain for The Age-Herald by the North American Newspaper Alliance. All rights reserved.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
Must Include the Farmer

(Alabama Farm Bureau News)
 Some people call higher prices and. higher wages prosperity" But if these higher values do not include farm products this so- called prosperity Is but bubble that must soon burst. The far mer Is one of the very largest buy CTS and conditions cannot be nor nal until his buying power Is re- stored.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

The recent "gag-rule" and "steam- roller" tactics of the legislature in dealing with the convict lease situa- tion raise the question whether Ala bama has a government of democracy or government of autocracy.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

1 one cannot but wonder at these numerous offensive and defensive l organizations which are springing up like mushrooms in American | life, and to ponder whether they are wholly, exclusively and self sacrificingly patriotic. ~One may well ask himself, not Mark Twains S | question, How much do king | git?" but How much does an or ganizer get?" How much per word are the contributors to these "dif- l ferent organizations paying for patriotic impulse?" I do not pre- tend to say that some of these or | ganizations are not wise and good and that out of their activities much is not being accomplished in the interest of the republic, but I unhesitatingly declare that all are not Justified and that the ac- tivities of some are not to the benefit of our land.
 A man born in America, though he never appears before any court | of record to do so, has taken a natal oath to support the consti- tuition and obey the laws of the United States.
 And it Is the duty of our courts, before they admit anyone to citi- zenship, carefully to ascertain the opinion and conduct of the appli- cant, and to make sure that his oath of allegiance will be honestly taken. Tn the irresponsible con- | flicts of politics there are contro- versies, of course, as to who are I 1 l.o ,I ,4%s- triotic and who disloyal, but so long as the constitution provides that treason must consist of an overt act of war against the gov ernment, mere discussion of pub lie questions and expressions of opinions do not stamp dissenters as traitors. Neither the color of mans hair, nor the racial blood that flows in his veins, nor his religious scruples or lack of re- ligious scruples has much to do with his citizenship.
 But in this era of organization l am gravely informed that the man of foreign birth, the man of black skin, the man of Jewish faith or SOIHe OlneT. IHdll IS not good American citizen, and that we must organize to see to 1t that some dark night when the Ku Klux are not on guard the consti- tuition of the United States Is not stolen from our archives and burned upon Capitol Hill. I am also informed that there Is great danger to the government from the ignorant foreigner in our midst. This I will admit, but l am not for organization to frown down upon him and treat him as an alien and a heathen. I am rather for the old battle cry of education. I would instill into his mind correct ideas as to our system of government and treat him in such a way that he will believe that our principles re- quire not mere lip service, but whole-hearted service for every one, native or foreign born, who stands beneath the flag.
 Every once in a while I get a
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

the plan eliminates much of the hor- TOT and brutality with which hanging is associated in the public mind, it has proved no less a deterrent influence upon crime.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

So far as concerns his political stra- tegic position Senator LaFollette seems to be making. perceptible prog ress towards Coming back" even though he has to drag his war record with him.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

One hundred thousand people paid from $5 to $20 to see the prize fight in Jersey City. America still holds the belt for economic progress.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

The Limestone county man who made $45o on one aere of tomatoes demonstrated that under certain cir cumstances in this state money grows on bushes.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
Cooperation Needed
(Tuscaloosa News)

City ordinances against dirty premises and filtered streets are necessary. but the town with the most stringent ordinance and the largest sanitary squad is not nec-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
THE ALABAMA PRESS
All Alabama Rejoices

(Alexander City Outlook)
 Birmingham Is to have a new $S00,000 apartment house. All Alabama rejoices when Birming- ham builds.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

Hiram Johnson is coming home soon, and there will be something saying, if not something doing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

In all the lists of the "Ten Favorite Books," strange that nobody has men, toned the check book or the cook hooE
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF

The flapper will be interested in learning that Queen Elizabeth couldn't move her face without cracking the paint. The sentence should have been closed with either"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

Already lively fight has started as to who is entitled to the hundred thousand dollar peace prize.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
Founded on Greed

(Gadsden JournaO
 Greed, after all. Is at the bottom of tho opposition to the abolition of the convict lease system. There
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
THE AGE-HERALD

tered at he Birmingham, Ala, postottlce as second-clsss matter under act or ConSfes"' March 6, 1879.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

No one disputes tho right of people in America to organize for most any sort of principle that they choose to enunciate, if 1t be not in violation of the constitu- tion and laws of this country; but
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22
Penalties Too Light

Birmingham, Ala.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1923-07-22

EDERCK | THOMPSON. ... President
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
A Sale of Interest to Housekeepers
Hgh-grade Table Damask
.39c 45c SOC

A fortunate purchase of $500 yards of High-grade
Mercerized Table Damask, at unusual price con-
cession permits US to make this offer Secured from
leading mill at unheard of low price, because
they classed them factory seconds" but the hurts
are very slight and will in way interfere with
or appearance. Shown in assortment of neat
pretty patterns. s
We especially call the attention of boarding houses
and hotels to this opportunity to money on
their purchases
5S-inch Damask, Seconds Of 59c Quality, ut 39c
64-inch Damask Seconds of CSC Quality, at 45c
72-inch Damask, Seconds Of 75c Quality, at SOC r
GOldenberg'S-Frst Floor.
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
Stamped Goods Sale

SOC Stamped Ffve-piece Lunch.
con Sets-Two new designs; good
quality unbleached sheet 90No
ing cotton. ............... wv
Gee ChiIdren's DresSes-Ready-
made and stamped; Of white
piQue and poplin, in a variety
Of neat patterns; sizes 2, lQO
4 and years. ........... 1O~
GOldenberg's-First Floor.
The Washington times., 1923-02-18

35c .Plisse Crepe-30 inches
wide, fine soft finish mercer
lied quality, in a beautiful
assortment of printed floral
patterns, C h C k OOO
stripes and plain colors
soc White Chiffon VOiIe-44
inches wide; very fine sheer
two-ply quality, for QOO
waists and dresses; yd. wv
45c White Indian Head-44
inches wide; linen finish quail
ity; mill lengths from 9EO
2 to 10 yards. ....... OO~
$1.OO Wash Satin-36 inches
wide, high-grade cotton fabric,
yarn merceriZed, in white and
all wanted colors, for 7Ec
G0ldenberg's-First Floor.
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
NeIU Spring PetticOats
Regular $500 60 %
Values, at. eDOeAO

Now that women are planning Spring outfits their
thoughts naturally include new pethcoat-here is
an opportunity to money. Made of pure silk
jersey with deep plated fbunce full cut at hips In
black, TAM navy blue and purple Made with elastic
waist band. All lengths.
Silk Flounce Petticoaswith cotton
changeable effects
49,.
GOIdenbergs-Thrd
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
NelU Crepe Ki17eonOs
SPECIAL AT
Sz.98

Serpentine Crepe Kinonos in and copen, some
with pretty hand-embroidered designs, others ribbon
trimmed. Made with long flowing sleeves. Assorted
graceful models, to please.
BOxOom Crepe KfnOnOIn lavender
brodeed designs finished with ribbon trimmed and co 90
sleeves values worth $3.50 $500 UOOC
GOIdenberg's-Third Floor
The Washington times., 1923-02-18

S6-inch AllOVer EyeIet EmbrOid-
ery-White and ecru col
ors, for vestees ana trim OQn
AAALlG5
Swiss Baby FlOuncings rs
inches wide; dainty ruffle, hem
stitched and scalloped 400
edges ............. 3ON
$l.49 Semi-made CamisOIes-
Swiss embroidery, beading top
and bottom; complete with
shoulder strap; dainty de- QOo
0A6HS
1898 ImpO rted Embroidery
FIOuncings-26 inches wide, sheer
quality with scalloped CT 90
borders; pretty designs UA"CO
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
Women Oxfords and Pumps
81 and SIS Values -
1918

Women's Oxfords and Strap Pumps, of tan, patent
and dull feathers, in various popular lasts with mill
tary Louis and low heels Broken lines and odd lots
left from regular stock, marked at this price for
quick clearance, to make room for the new spring
footwear, arriving daily.
Sizes in the lot from 21s to z, but not in each style
and leather.
GOIdenbergs-Ffrst Floor.
The Washington times., 1923-02-18

Baby DresSes-Ready.made and
stamped; fine white nainsook;
one year size; worth SOC COO
Stamped Three-piece Vanity or
Buffet SetS-Pretty de- 1O1m
signs AAxN
$1.25 Stamped Pillow Tubing
Two pretty patterns, for 0ON
scalloped edges. OVN
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
Women s Muslin GOlvns
SPECIAL AT
.S7.69

Long Sleeve Gowns, of genuine Fruit-of- the-L Loom
muslin, made in Dutch and neck styles, trimmed
with embroidery and tucks. Full-cut and well-made
garments of quality that women will like
Extrasize Fruit Of the sleeves and
neck yokes OF uc and embroidery insertion; full C1 90
sizes; worth $zoO each at. UxOOC
GOldenberg't-Third
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
Beautiful NelU CretOnnes
Values Worth o.
39c, 48c and SEC. .AcC

The new Spring Cretonnes ready for display
and selling tomorrow. It is not bit too soon to plan
the home decorating for the coming season. Good
sturdy fabrics that particularly adapted for
draperies, hanging, pillow comfort and furniture
coverings.
wonderful assortment Of handsome floral bird foliage
estIy designs light full SO
offered
need
Fourth F1OorDrapery FOOBargan
The Washington times., 1923-02-18

$2.25 LOngcIOth-36 inches
wide, fine soft fin
ish grade; ten yards 81 go
in piece ...........
SOC Mercerized Check Ba-
tiste-36 inches wide; fine
mercerized quality, in all
wanted colors, also 90O
white, for lingerie. -. wv
Csc White PajanlA Checks
SO inches wide, close woven,
soft finish grade, for Ito
undergarments .......
SOC White Madras-32 in.
wide, with white woven
stripes. for mems and 20C
boys shirts. .......... ~
SOC White Dimity-S6 inches
wide; very fine sheer quality,
in neat white checks 9EO
and stripes. ...........
The Washington times., 1923-02-18
Csc Linen-finish
Stationery, 48c

Good quality Linen-finish Writ
ing Paper, in white and colors,
such as pink, blue, lavender and
buff: full pound packages, about
"a sheets: sold regularly at SOC,
with two packages Of envelopes
to match; rs in each package:
regularly 15c package. All for
48c.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Floor.