davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
FRANK CZARNOWSkF
HISS De JOURNETTE
WE'D IN SAN DIEGO

Announcements received in FL
Centre today tell of the marriage
of Frank NJ. Czarnowski and Miss
Alleen de Journette, two of the most
popular yoang people in this com
munity.
The ceremony took place in San
Diego on Tuesday AT the First Epis-
eopal Church.
The engagement of the couple
has been known for some time and
the news viii come rs 4 pleasant
surprise to their many friends
throughout the valley.
Mr.. Czarnowski has been in The
valley for several years, being at
present local representative of 1
large Los Angeles wholesale firm.
Prior to the war he conducted the
mercantile store ut Mt Signal. He
saw service in the world war and
received 4 commission rs lieutenant.
Miss de Journette, who is the
daughter o. James F. IL Iournette,
has only been il the valley a few
months. bat in that time has won
to herself q host of loyal friends.
She is associated with the Southern
Trust and Bank of this city.
After q short wedding trip, the
young couple viii return to El Cen
tro where they viii occupy the home
Of tie J. E. Nichols eH Hamilton
while the latter fami Y are in Denver
In the fall, If is understood that
Nj. and Mrs. Czarnowski win move
to CaleXico to establish their home.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
SEELEY

SEELEY, July 14-Mr. and Mrs.
4. II. Sheldon, returned from Whit
tier where they attended the wedd-
ing Of their daughter, Ethel, Miss
sheldon was very popular here and
also at .CaleXico where SHE taught
in the high school during the past
year.
Elizabeth Howard who had her
tonsils removed on Thursday is get
ting along very nicely.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. b. White return
ed from San Diego on Tuesday morn
ing where they enjoyed a short va
cation.
Allen Here from S. D.
f. V. Allen, who has been in San
Diego for the past few weeks, is
here looking after his ranch inter
ests.
Mrs. NeIs Grouleff, who has been
i'll was able to come town yester-
day.
George GulIort of Calipatria was
4 visitor in Seeley on Thursday.
Mrs. Rhoda%Cummings came down
from Hipass to lock after her IN
tcrests here.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
NOTICE Or SPECIAL,

MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To the Stockholders of Imperial
Compress Company, Il corpora
tion:
You viii please take notice tGat
pursuant to the above order Of the
President Of said corporation, a
special meeting of the stockholders
Of Imperial Compress Company
will be held 1T the office of said
corporation, to-wit, that cert'iu
room at III East Main Street IN
the City Of Imperial, County or
Imperial, State Of California, in the
building in which the Farmers ana
Merchants Bank was formerly
located on the 25th day of July,
1923, at the hour Of $50 o clock
p. m, for the purpose mentioned in
said order, to-Wit: The election cf
n Board Of Directors Of said cor
poratioa. The adoption Of BY
Laws. The consideration Of pro-
position to remove the compress
and machinery Of said corporation
trcm the City Of Imperial, Califos-
Hli, 10 II more d'lN h'lF'I 'oHs lut:i-
.ion Of any other bus.ucas that may
Of the Eoari OF Directors in refer.
encc thereto, and for the transuc-
tion Of any other husincs stnat may
properly come before said meeting
Dated THIS 9th day of July, 1y25.
r. j. WEST,
Secretary, Imperial Compress Com
pauy, Il corporation.
1ftlD
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
MANY WILL 60
FROM HERE: TO
s. D. GYMKHANA

Although no organized visit Of
valley people has yet been planned
to visit the American Legion gymk-
hama at San Diego next week, doubt
less many will so as individuals,
either driving over, or taking ad-,
vantage of the low rates on the
San Diego and Arizona Railway.
The gymkhaua, or combination
race meet and circus, will be held
ON the polo grounds at Coronado,
and is attracting widespread atten-
ton along the coast. The gymkhana
has been staged for the benefit of
the welfare work which the Legion
is doing among its buddies at Camp
Kearney hospital, and the SANTA
RUNS at Alpine and La Mesa, where
many disabled ex-service men are
quartered. 1t will be chock full
! of thrills and laughter, and the
three days are going to be busy ones
for the men of the army, navy and
| marine corps who. have been entered
in the affair The Navy Air Service
has also volunteered its service for
an exhibition of air stunts, among
which will be the refueling of air
! planes While III flight, Il stunt which
was first successfully accomplished
! by this branch of the service two
weeks ago, to- the surprise of the
! aviation world.
The gymkhana IS being sponsored
! by the leaders in San Diego society
! and army and navy circles, and Il
! midway, presided over by pretty
! girls, and including an exhibit and
! sale of disabled veterans handi-
work, will be one of the features CT
! the gymkhana.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Pressed Chicken - One three
pound chicken, one T. chopped
onion, three leaves of celery. two
T. salt, one T. chopped green pep
per, one 7. chopped pimento, two 7.
granulated gelatin, one-fourth c.
cold water, one c. hot chicken
stock.
Clean the chicken and cut It
apart. Cover with boiling water
and add the onion, celery and salt.
Cook slowly until it is very tender.
Remove the kettle and take the
meat from the bones. Return the
bones and skin TO the stock in the
kettle and cook slowly until the
stock is thick probably about SO
minutcs}, Strain.
Soak the gelatin in cold water
for three minutes. Add one cup Of
strained meat stock, boiling hot.
Add the chicken, diced, the green
pepper, pimento, and an the rest of
the stock, which has been heated
tcgethcr to the boiling point Pour
into mold mot tin) Of such 4
sh.pe that the pressed chicken can
easily be cut into slices convenient
for serving. Serve cold.
Pineapple Raspberry Sherbet
(three quarts)-One quart fresh
raspberries tcanned may lie used
when fresh are not IN season, pro-
vided juice is drained Off, two c.
sugar, two {. grated pineapple, one
G. lemon juice, orc c. orange juice,
six c. water, one c. sugar, TWO egg
whites. =
Wash berries carefully. Adj the
sugar and lef stand for u minutes.
Mash thoroughly with 4 spoon. Add
the pineapple and fruit juices, and
the water and sugar which have
been boiled together for two min
utes. When cool, pour into Il we'll
sterilizcd freezer and freeze until
Of a nushy constituency. Add the
egg whites very stifflv beaten.
Freeze until stiff. Serve in tail
glasses and garnish with large red
raspberries.
Sou Cream Drop Cakos-One c.
sugar, two eggs, one c. sour cream,
one T. lemon extract, two c. flour,
one T. soda, one-fourth T. salt.
Cream the sugar and eggs, and
beat for two minutes. Add the sour
cream aud extracts. then all the
dry ingredients, which have been
mixed and sifted. Beat vigorously
for three minutes. Fill well creased
muffin pans one-half full. Bake in
moderate oven 20 minutes Serve
fresh.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
ORDER OF NOTICE TnERloN

OhDEE CE NOIlCG IllEE4iOE
Southern District Of California,
Southern Division, IS;
On this 9th day Of July, A. ID
1923, on reading the foregoing peti
ton, it is
ORDERED BY THE COURT that
hearing be had upon the same
on the 3rd day of Septomber A. y.
1928, before the said Court st Los
Angeles, California, in said Tis
trict at 2 o clock i'm the afternoon
ana that notice thereof be publish
ed in the Imperial Valley Press, q
newspaper printed in said District,
and that all known creditors aBf
other persons in interest pay
pear at the said time aud place and
show cause, if any they have. why
the prayer Of the said petitioner
should not be granted.
AND TT is FURTHER ORDER
ED by THE COURT that Wilbm
W. Randall, Referee in BankEptcy
shall send by mail to an known
creditors copies Of said petition an(
this order, addressed to them al
( their places Of residence stated.
WITNESS, the Honorable Ben
jamin +. Bledsoe, Judge Of the said
/ Court, aud the seal thereof, ut Los
( Angeles, in said District on the 6ti
day Of July, A. p. 1923.
CIIAS. N. WILLIAMS,
Clcrl;
L. l.. ARoNsON, Deputy
(sEAL) July L
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
eruption of Mt. Etna, spread

TzHE eruption of Mt. Etna, spread
ing terror and disaster along
the whole eastern coast Of Sicily,
cr.~s TO scientists a rare opportunity
>. stuay elemental geological forces
in ha-are's own laboratory.
With Is circumference Of ninety
s7;les, aud i,s .igi=ude of 10000 feet,
reaching up from the 1000 fathom
iloor OF the Mediterranean itself,
Ttna is the largest active volcano in
Europe. In its recent upheaval OF
fire and molten lava, geologists de-
clare that Etna is repeating, on
small scale, the phenc.aena that took
place when the world itself was born.
II was in the midst of just such
volcanic fires, according TO researches
advanced under the direction of T. +.
Manyille, president of Johns-Manville
Inc. that the world got its present
store of asbestos, most of which is TO
be found in Canada. This s'f''ance,
il was learned is Older thay ~.
material known, either l1In Nj
table or mineral kingf
thought BY most scisntisJ -
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
Get Together
Church Meeting
at Worthy Home

The regular service, vii be held
n the State Street Christian Church
Sunday morning. Rev. \. f. Worthy
viii preach upon the subject :;Thc
Book of Daniel" Mrs Ruth Trey
will act as organist in the absence
Of Pref. Todd.
Bible school will be held at 9:iJ,
as is the usual custom.
Sunday evening services viii be
held at the city rartk at 7:43 o.
clock. Mr.. Worthy viii preach ON
the subject. Is Christ Sufficient /! -
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
HOLTVILLE
By Press staff Correspondent

'S 'SSN NDFFesrfpENSht
HOLTYILLE, July l4.-Joel An
derson, president of the Imperial
Valley Milk Producers Association
has gone to Los Angeles On a bust
ness trip for the company.
f. +. Allen left in his car Fri
day morning for San Diego where
he will join Mrs. Allen and their
daughter. and motto" on to Seaside,
Oregon, his former home, to spend
the summer with his father.
Mr.. aud Mrs. Calvin Veil and
Verne Veil, their brother, left Fri
dav for Wynwood, Oklahoma, where
they will spend two months visit
inc relatives and friends.
Ernest Edwards will leave the
first of the week for Hemet where
he will visit with his family who
are summering there. Later they
will 90 to the beaches.
MRS. Carpenter Erisertains
Mrs. Earl Carpenter will enter
tain the Holtvile Five Hundred
Club at her home on Cedar AVenue,
next Monday night.
Gordon Schneider and r. NJ.
Alexander have gone to Live Oaks
to join their families there over
Sunday.
Edwin Brown returned to Mont
rose Friday after a few days here
visiting with friends.
Milo Bussenburg motored to Ja-
cumba Friday where he met his
father Elmer O. Busenburg from san
Diego. They remained there over
night, each returning home Satur-
day.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

formed in is present fbrous state
under the terrific pressures which
were set up when this planet began
to cool off.
Having been created in the heat Of
the greatest fires in the history of the
world, asbestos is immune to any or
dinasy temperatures, and shows no
change at all in temperatures up to
1900 degrees Fahrenheit. That is
why it is used 50 widely in places
where the fire hazard is great or
where it will be exposed to high tenn
psratures as in packings, roo6ngs, in
s9lations and brake Innings.
In the cooling process, asbestos
developed fbres that look like spun
glass. 1t is the only mineral in the
world with a hbrous structure, and
tirq ths NOE material from which it
Wiaaiiy both a fabric and
n HNol No. No, r r..
y howled the Fox al u Luna
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
No. J2l3
PETITION FOR DISCHARGE


PETITION FOR DISCHARGE
In the District Court of the United
States in and for the Southern
District of California, Sou.hccc
Division. 90
In the Matter of Dalel Singh, also
known rs Dalel, in Bankruptcy.
To the Honorable Judge Of the Dis
trict Court of the United Statcs,
in and for the Southern District
Of California, Southern Division.
Dalei Singh, also known MS Dalel
p. O. Box Al, IIoltville, California.
County of Imperial, state Of Cali.
fornia, in said District, rcorcsenta
that on the 26th day Of January,
1928, he was duly adiudged bank
rupt, under the act of Congress re
lafing to bankruptcy, and has fully
complied with all the requirement:
of said acts, and the orders Of the
court touching on bankruptcy.
WHEREFORE, he prays that hc
be deemed and declared by tho
Court to have n full discharge from
al debts provable against thi,
estate, except such debts rs are
excepted by law from such dis
charge.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
Weds
Irene FenWick

ROME, July 1i.-Iionel Bar
rymorc ard Irene Fenwick we're
mavried here today. The couple
sailed recently from New York.
The groom j. a member of the
famous Barrymore family,
brother CT John and Ethel Bar
rynOre.
The bride is a prominent act
TC5S.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

The official opening date of the
Tioga Road is July j., but motorists
are so eager TO get into the beauti-
ful High Sierra country that d
number of cars already have made
the trip between Lake Tahoe and
Yosemite Valley. Daily stage ser
vice over this route will commence
July 10.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
NEW YORK. July !
Srets, 2S.C1, unchanged.

NEW YORK-A bank president
who ordered 50 female employees to
.'wear waists with sleeves instead
Of arm Sits and to replace trans
parcncy with substance" got away
with ii.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Ell DORADO, Kansas. When
Mrs. Z. J. Mcdaniel, arrested on Il
warrant obtained by Jake Gold
stein on charges of passing a worth
less check for $40, showed she had
repaid 80 of the amount, the court
assessed Goldstcin the costs-$20.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Citrus growers are making in
vestigations as to best type Of frost
protectors.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
lOCd1leW

Se ~eNAG
Eat at the Oregon and be com
Portable. Ladies' rest room ana
uen S smoking room. ADV
ITefflemans Move TO Mr..
and Mrs. George Heffleman Of the
Soflei Apartments left last night for
Los Angeles. They were accom-
panied by their daughter Grace, who
was one Of The popular students Of
the local High School Mr. Hcfflc-
man was associated with the Elite
Printing Company Of this city. The
IIefflcmans viii remain in Los An
geles permanently.
Cool Appetizing lunches at
Steve s. Adv.
Breakfast at Steve s, Adv
A cool place-and a glass Of
boer--at Steve's. adv
Mrs. Allen Leaves for North
Mrs. j.. Allen left last night for
Westmorland, where she planned to
Join Mr.. and Mrs. c. :. Allen for a
motor trip to Yosemite and north
ern California. Mrs. Allen viii later
20 on to Seattle, where she viii
meet her husband, and probably
locate permanently. Mrs. Allen,
who has been spending the winter
with her daughter, Mrs. /. w. Over
holser, has lived in the city for sew
Grad wears, and has many friends
who viii be sorry to see her locate
elsewhere.
oregon Cafe. tool pace to eat.
Lunch 35c, Dinner soc. Chops and
Steaks. Adv
Meet lie at Steves. Adv.
Eyide Batteries. sKIIIful work on
all makes of Batteries. G. L. Cog
gins Battery Shop. ADV
Natures Greatest Drink, it :
lemonade. Paul serves it fresh ana
pure. United Stages Depot. Adj
Motoring to Colorado-Mr. and
Mrs. A. 2. Shibley and children ire
planning TO leave tomorrow for
Boulder. Colo. They expect to meet
both Mr.. and Mrs. Shibiey' S par
oats there for family reunion.
They will return in time for the
opening Of school in September
Drink Mountain cprings Water.
Cal 2aW. Bludwihe Bottling Com
pany. Iues-o"'s
Electric Cooking at steve's. adv
Money to Loan on automobiles
contracts bought. red r. Cross
$40 Main St. Phone 359. A4E
Mitchell Moves to San Diego
Keves Mitchell left yesterday for
San Diego where he and his fam
ilv win be located in the future.
Mr.. Mitchell was the local repre-
sentative of the Savage Tire Com
panv. ana viii still be with the
same concern. handling San Diego
ana Imperial counties from the coast
city. Mrs. Mitchell. who is now in
Los Angeles. viii Join Der husband
soon. The Mstchells have many
friends here who win regret their
departure. but who win be glad 10
learn Of Mr.. Mitchell s promotion.
Exide Batteries. the maximum
combination of Power and Long
Life. C. Z. Coggins Battery Shop,
Adv
week End Trip to Claremont-
Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Overholser left
last night for Claremont. accom-
panied bv their daughter, Patsy and
James Schofield Patsy viii remain
with her grandparents for some
weeks. and the remainder Of the
party. with the addition of Ms.
Schofieid who has been spending
the last week IN Los Angeles, VIII
return Sunday night.
Try stevo's snmmer Specials
they re cool. Adv
While the Wife's away il s
gteve's AdE
ATTENTION HARDWARE
DEALERS
We have $50 gallons, Se'vallS
Paint and Glass Co. pure liquie
paint in gallons, half gallons and
quart cans, at a price 20 per cent
less than wholesale at Kansas City.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
Coffee
Dinner

Pressed Chicken Creamed Potatoes
New Lima Beans
Vienna Rolls Butter
Dill Pickles
Stuffed Tomato Salad
Pineapple leRaspberry Sherbet
Sour Cream Drop Cakes
Iced Tea
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

A cool place-and glass Of
bcer--at Steve s. adv
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Exide Batteries, the maximum
combination of Power and Long
Life. c. E. Coggins Battery Shop,
Adv
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
COTTON MARKET

By United Press Leased Wire
NEW ORLEANS, July 14.-The
,t+ou m, rl.pt closed stealv
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
ATTENTION HARDWARE
DEALERS

We have $50 gallons, Sewails
Paint and Glass Co. pure liqui@
paint in gallons, half gallons and
quart cans, at a price 20 per cent
less Than wholesale at Kansas City.
E. O. b. .Nogales. This stock was
left after closing hardware store ~
Arizona. Address Z. ". Co., care
Imperial Valley Press Adv
St. Louis Dcctors-Dr. y. Taylor
Of st. Louis. who has been spending
several weeks in III Centre. - lew
ing todav for his home city. Dr.
Charles Reilly, also of St.Louis, viii
arrive Monday. lie win remain
shout month. Both the physicians
are associates Of Lr. h. Lee Myers,
who Is spending his second summer
here
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
DALEL Y SINGH.
.fu--I.

Jas. W. Glas3ford.
Edna Gertz
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Eat at the Oregon and be com
Portable. Ladies' rest room and
pen s smoking room. ADV
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14
ToMoRRoW's MENU
Breakfast

Red Raspberries with Sugar and
Cream
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Drink Mountain cprings Water.
Can 2aW. Bludwihe Bottling Com
amy Tues-Sats
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Money to Loan on automobiles
contracts bought. Fred r. Cross
SIC Main St. Phone 3j9. Ally
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Breakfast at Steve s,
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

EZide Batteries. sK111ful work on
all makes of Batteries. G. Z. Cog
gins Battery Shop. ADV
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Natures Greatest Drink, 1t ::
lemonade. Paul serves it fresh ans
pure. United Stages Depot. ADJ
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Cool Appetizing lunches al
steve e ADV.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Oregon Cafe. tool Place to eat.
Lunch 35c, Dinner soc. Chops and
Steaks Adv.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

ITsfflemans Move TO Coast Mr.
and Mrs George Heffleman Of the
Soflei Apartments left last night for
Los Angeles. They were accom-
panied bv their daughter Grace, who
was one Of the popular students Of
fhe local High School. Mr.. Hcfflc-
man was associated with the Elite
Printing Company Of this city. The
Ilefflemans will remain in Los An
geles permanently.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Electric Cooking at steve's. adv
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Motoring to Colorado-Mr. and
Mrs. A. 2. Shibley and children IRE
planning TO leave tomorrow for
Boulder, Cello. They expect to meet
both Mr.. and Mrs. SHIRLEY S par
cnts there for family reunion.
They will return in time for the
opening Of school in September.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Meet lie at Steves.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-07-14

Try Steve's SIMMER Specials
thpv re cool ADV
The Cordova daily times., 1923-01-04
JUDGE REVERSES OWN RULING ON
 PROMISE SUIT

NYACK, N. Y, Jan. 1.-The annul- ment of marriage between Eva Burrows Fontaine. a dancer, and Sterling Adair, which was granted in 1920 by Justice Tompkins, of the State Supreme Court, was vacated yesterday by Justice Tompkins, who sustained the charges of fraud made by Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney i'll fighting the million dollar breach of promise suit brought against him by the dancer. Judge Tompkins yester- day ordered that the records in the case be turned over to the State of New Jersey with view to the indict- ment of the dancer and her mother on a charge of perjury. The judge also suggested to the State Bar Associa- tion that the attorneys acting as coun- sel for the dancer be disbarred.
The Cordova daily times., 1923-01-04
BANK OFFICER N AYKY ~-~ gssr K III IO uA uA Uk S.v 1sN b0z
  GETS SENTENCE
 
 PENlTENTIARY

OLYMPIA, Jan. 4.-Ole s. Larson, former president of the defunct Scandinavian American Bank at Ia coma, who among other charges has been accused of misrepresentation of the banks funds, must serve a sen tence of from three to five years in the penitentiary, according to the decision of the Supreme Court which yesterday upheld the conviction found in the lower court. The spe- cific charge on which Larson was convicted in this case is that of hay ing appropriated $17,000 of the banks funds for his own use. Since the failure of the bank Larson has been living in Oakland, California, where he was engaged in the automobile business. Unlike Jafet Lindeberg, however, who has fought extradition for trial in connection with the fail. ure of the Scandinavian Bank, Lar son has returned to Tacoma for trial on the various charges filed against him. He is the first of the banks officers to De sentenced for complicity in the losses that brought on the failure.
The Cordova daily times., 1923-01-04
Scores BeIieUed
 70 HuUe PeriShed
 M EUening Crash

kELSO, Jan. Awhile crowded with automobiles, trucks, wagons and pedestrians last night at the peak of the evenings traffic. the Cowlitz River bridge, connecting east and west Kelso, went out, plunging pas sengers and vehicles into the river. Eighteen persons are reported miss ing. The bridge is a long wooden structure suspended by cables and a turnbuckle. The north cable sup porting it is said to have been stripped to a thread by the strain of the evening traffic two weeks ago, but the bridge has endured the pressure of a heavy log jam which cleared last Monday. The collapse will be a serious blow to the business activity of the district, especially to the building of the new model lumber town of Longview, which is in course of construction by the Long, Bell Lumber Company.
The Cordova daily times., 1923-01-04
FEAR MANY BODIES ARE STILL IN RIVER;
 DIVERS SUMMONED

KELSO, Jan. As a result of the crash of the CoWlitz River bridge at five o'clock last night George c. Me Donald is dead and eight others are known to have been injured, following what Investigations and rescue work it has been possible to carry on since last night Deputy Toronsr William D. Vannote, of Kelso, who was wit ness of the catastrophe, has estimated that there must be from twenty to twenty-five bodies, and from fifteen to enighteen automobiles still in the river. A systematic search of the river was planned to start at day light this morning, three divers hay ing been summoned for the work, one from Kalama and two from Portland.
The Cordova daily times., 1923-01-04
FAMOUS DOCTOR BY AUTO SUGGESTION
 ARRIVES IN AMERICA

NEW YORK, Jan. 4.-Emile Ceue. the little pharmacist from Nancy" arrived here today, hopeful of spread ing throughout America the virtues of his auto-suggestion phrase, Every day in every way I am getting better and better" M. Coue announced it as his intention to open a clinic in New York for the treatment of dis eases similar to the one in Nancy where he is credited with having made extraordinary cures. He ex- pressed in an interview the hope that his methods would be introduced in medical circles for the treatment of disease, and in penitentiaries for combating defects in character.