The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1923-01-08

all Ukrania almost to the gates OF
Warsaw. Besides, by his peace with
Poland Petlura incurred the enmity OF
the Galician Ukrainians, sworn enc
mes of Poland. These harassed Pet
lura until the Poles turned and drove
the leaders we into Czechslovakia.
Peace With Soviet.
Then came another blow to the
Ukrainian leader. The Poles conclud-
ed peace with Soviet Russia, leaving
Petlura high and dry. His army with
the Russian troops Of S~avinkov, who
had been fighting with him, was in
! termed. The Ukraine became virtually
a Soviet Russian state.
Petlura's armies, however, remained
intact, thus placing him In the posi-
ton of being the only remaining
Ukrainian leader who could take up
arms again against the Bolsheviki if
occasion offered. Petlura himself Is
still In Poland and is a close friend of
Pilsudski. He is a strong nationalist
and a democrat. Before the war he
was the editor of a little Russian
newspaper in Moscow and became the
minister Of war when Ukrainian in
dependence was declared, remaining
until his disagreement with Skorop-
adsky.
He is still an advocate of indepen-
dence for his country, and has a large
following of intellectual democrats
and a fair number Of Ukrainian peas
ants. He enjoys to some extent the
support of Poland as well as that OF
France. The Petlura government"
still keeps representatives in nearly
all countries in hope of an ultimate
restoration. Schulgiin remains In
Paris, Smal-Stotski in Berlin and
Slivinsky in Prague.
Another government which hopes to
win in the award Of gold marks from
Germany is the present Ukrainian
Soviet government, which maintains
a trade commission, of which d. B.
Aussem is chairman, in Berlin. Khar-
koff has been made the Soviet capt.
tai of the country with the Bulgarian,
Rakovsky, as the most important of
it's official representatives. The in
1uence of Moscow predominates at
Kharkoff, although there is an increas-
ing counter current in the Ukrainian
Communist party for Independent ac-
ton.
Skoropadsky, too, still nourishes
hopes in Berlin that he may some time
return to power and thus come within
sight of the golden prize. Recently
he has been making friendly overtures
toward the Petlura groups. His only
supporters, however, are former large
land owners and rich peasants, so
that he is not likely to win a popular
movement.
9s GaIicians Claim the Pot.
Another government consists of
the Observation-Disclosures, with. head
quarters iii Prague. They claim to
the real government OF a.
western lGalician republic There Is
also a monarchistic movement which
aims at the independence of the
Ukraine. The leader Of the movement !
and pretender to the Ukrainian throne
Is wilhelm, son of the Austrian Arch \
duke Karl Stephan, who has taken
the name of NassiH5 yysehivanAy. Hell
sway over his 'court" In Vienna. 1.
where he has d small gbut enthusiastirlr
following Of GaIicians and Little Rus I
He has strong support in papal
and, Of course, that Of the
Ba,arian m0narchists. 3R u n
.u1fhe last Of the ~aspirants for the
double prize of the pot of gold and Il
controf of ssUkrainia are members
a party which stands for a unified
They declare U%krainianp hides
pendence both impossible and imprac-
teal. and point out the adyantagesf
Of prosperity and protection such a
union would bring. The supporters
Of the movement, in addition to work
ers in the Ukraine .gho are members
IF the national labor organization, are II
1~alician intellectuals. They, too, have
heir representatives abroad disSem- :
mating propaganda for the union OF
he vast, rich lands Of Ukrainia where
n rests the end of the rainbow where s
he 400, 100000 marks in gold which !
Germany, in case the millennium ar Y
ives, may pay some day. NJ
All of these movements rightly see 4
prosperous future for the rich grain 6
ields which comprise their land. But 7
present is cold and hard, and their {
Immediate chase in Berlin Is toward f
he 100000, 900 marks in gold which 6
,hich the German government owes 7
omebody.
aliH
cHOKES BOA CONSTRUCTOR II