davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
COAL WAS THE SUBJECT
Discussion Held Before Social Science
Club This Week.

| Club This Week.
! Government Ownership and Op-
erations of Coal Mines" was the sub
ject discussed at the Social Science
club at its regular meeting Tuesday
IeVening. The leader was H. Held
and the discussion leader was o. M.
Hatcher. Mr.. Held compiled his
paper from various articles in eigh-
teen magazines and periodicals
which shows the amount Of work
the members of the club go to. Mr..
Held first told how many hundreds
of thousands Of men were working
In mines in the United States.
Then the output of soft and hard
coal. The number of tons of coal
mined and used in America. He
talked of the general coal and rail
way strikes last summer and which
brought out number of interviews
with prominent men, governors,
merchants, manufacturers and labor
leaders. The general thought seems
to have been against the government
ownership Of the mines. He gave a
statement from Samuel Gompers,
president of the A. l. L., John Spar
go, George M, Verify president
OF the American Rolling Mill
company; H; S. Prichett, presi-
and reports from. various United
States geological survey reports. And
then he spoke Of waste. ut is
claimed that there is too much waste
and that two tons of coal are mined
for every ton that is made available
for consumption. Partly exploited
mines are abanded any an unre-
claimed coal left there" said Mr..
Held. "The industrial troubles of
coal mining have been the same for
a hundred and fifty years. There
have even been reoccuring strikes
with similar demands by the men
and similar opposition by employers.
Are there natural conditions sur
rounding coal mining for which no
one in particular Is to blame which
create such character Of under
ground work as to cause continued
discomfort? Mr.. Held spoke of how
the modern inventions, such as steam
and the application of power had
increased the Importance of coal and
OF the increasing change In the
mines, cutting the coal, laying of
tracks, standing of timber and blast
ing it down. He then spoke Of the
consumer and of what he Thought
would be solution of this great
problem, the reorganization Of the
coal industry and there will never
be better chance to begin to work
1t out than there Is now" said Mr.
Held. 0. M. Hatcher took up the
discussion beginning with a lump OF
coal, told of its chemicals on which
the industries Of the world depended.
It told of it's origin. Its formative
period. Then its development. It's
uses In cookery. Then of Bitumin-
Gus and Anthracite coal and describ-
ed each and their divisions and sub
divisions and the by products. Dye
Of seven kinds from by products.
Then the medical preparations COM
ing from by products of COAL High
explosives also originate from it.
There are nine thousand different
worked mines In America. and six
thousand coal companies. The capital
invested Is over two billion dollars.
Average consumption annually Is
six hundred millions TONS"
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
DISCOVERED FISH NEST
Younu Ladies Found Collection Of
perch In Minneopa Creek

Young Ladies Found Collection Of
Perch In Minneopa Creek
Three girls from the J. B: and d.
Richards store had a thrilling ex-
perience yesterday. The girls were
Miss Lillian Bergren, Miss Lila
Rockafellow and Mrs George HON.
err, They liked out to Minneopa
Falls to spend the day. While
browsing among the rocks. near
the shore of the creek, one Of the
girls saw a fish dart into the crew
ice of a rock. They removed the
rock and found a fish nest filled
with fish measuring all the way
from four to twelve inches They
counted seventy five fish and then
quit. The girls were so excited they
ran to the refreshment stand and
told the proprietor, T. G. Cum
mings, who caught seven OF the
largest fish with his hand. They
measured from nine to twelve
inches. One perch measuring about
ten inches long was thrown back
with the others in the larger
stream. The girls brought the fish
to town and had fish fry at the
home Of Mrs. Homer last night.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
MOTHER is THANKFUL
Well Pleased With instruction Son
Received In Schools Here.

Well Pleased With Instruction Son
Received In Schools Here.
Mrs. Russell Clarke, who left to-
day for Montreal, in a staten emit to
The Free Press expressed herself
as more than pleased with the in
structions received in the Mankato
schools by her son, who had been
suffering from defective speech.
Mrs. Clarke had spent a great zeal
Of money before coming to Mankato
to- have her boy instructed under
other speech corrective teachers.
Two years ago she heard Of the
work Of Miss Henrietta Rackham,
supervisor of speech in the Mankato
high school, and came here and
placed her son under her instruc-
lions.
Today she is leaving Mankato a
happy mother, and has a cozy lit
tie corner in her heart for all Of the
teachers in Mankato high school,
and especially for Miss Henrietta
Rackham, who has worked wonders
with her boy. Mrs Clarke in a
statement to The Free Press said
that her son had made remarkable
progress under the instruction of
Miss Rackham. 81 shall always be
grateful to the citizens of Mankato
for their efficient system of schools,
and will always think with pleasure
OF my stay among YOU"
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
NEW GERMAN BANK NOTE
Twice the Size Uncle Sans Bills;
What They Look Like

H
What They Look Like
F. K. Meagher of the National
Citizens bank has just received for
customer. some of the new Ger
man bank notes. They came from
New York to Mankato. They are
nearly twice the size of one of Uncle
Sans ordinary paper bills and the
twenty five bills, representing ten.
thousand marks sell for 10. The new
German 10000 mark bank note with
me exchange valus approximately
forty three cents, carries the head
of man which is supposed to typifv
the new Germany. On the neck of
the man is concealed a face, popu
larry supposed to be the vampire
France" sucking the juglar vein of
Germany. The face is under the
mans left jaw and can be plainly
seen by turning the note perpeniic-
ularly. The larger picture shows the
bank note, while below the artist
has traced the lines of the concealed
face in order that it may be the more
easily discerned. The new notes have
been attracting an unusual amount
OF interest both among the Germans
and French. The latter naturally re
sent the implication and point to Il
as typical of the propaganda which
they allege is being used to stir I'D
trouble in the Ruhr district. Many
people are buying these mark bank
notes, Mr.. Meacher said, but when
asked his opinion as to buying he
stated he would not advise any one
to buy, especially very heavily.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
EAST MEDO NEWS
Ladies' Aid Society viii Meet G
Wednesday Afternoon.

Ladies' Aid Society viii Meet On
Wednesday Afternoon.
East Medo, April 2S.-A baby girl
arrived at the home of Mr.. and Mrs.
Casper Guam Saturday, April 81.
Mrs. Ben Jensen. living on the
Fred Manthei place at the county
line. will entertain the Ladies' Aid
society Wednesday afternoon, May
2. You are invited.
Mr.. and Mrs. Alfred Offerlee and
family spent Sunday afternoon at
the Ben Lindeland home.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Anton were
Mankato callers Wednesday after
noon.
Conrad Clausen and Edwin Olson
were Rapidan business visitors
Thursday.
Mrs. Alfred Nelson will introduce
the subject, What my demonstra-
ton has meant to the world" Sun
day evening. April 20, at the Medic
Lutheran church. You are well
come.
Miss Stella Pink is assisting
with the Homework at the Clarence
Anderson place, while Mrs. Ander-
son Is teaching school,
Rev. and Mrs. Rachie were Wal :
dorf visitors Monday afternoon.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
Troskey and Splett
Will Go To Prison
Both Men Were In District
Court Today; Sentence
Three Years

Edward B. Troskey and Herman
Splett were ordered committed to
the state penitenhay at Saltwater
Mimi, for term Of three years
each, by Judge w. L. Comstock in
the Blue Earth County district court
this morning, on the sentence i'm e..
posed on the two men during June
term Of court in 1922 on a charge OF
having received part of the earnings
of prostitute. Sheriff Ario took the
two men to prison this afternoon.
Troskey has been working in the
Great Northern car shops at ST.
Paul. He was found in that city
Saturday by Sheriff Ario, who
brought him to Mankato Saturday
night. Troskey informed the sheriff
that he had read in a st. Paul news
paper the story of the refusal of the
state supreme court to grant the
couple a new trial, and he was max
ing arrangements to come to Man
kato to take his medicine" He
was tame and docile. His defiant
demeanor was gone from him.
Splett put in an appearance in
district court this morning. He was
accompanied by Attorney ]. E.
Regain.
Troskey and Splett> were convicted
by jury in district court last June
after a sensational trial, in which
one Maxine Williams testified for
the state that she had paid the two
men 800 from moneys she made
through prostitution.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
HARDEE IN FAVOR
OUST|NG OF JUDGE
Florida Governor To Ask
Actio n In the Senate
UNCLE SAM IS BUSY
Federal Grand Jury May Con-
cIude to Probe Flogging
Affairs
Associated Press Dispatch

ASSOCIATED Press Dispatch.]
Tallahassee, Fla, April 30.-Gov.
ernor Hardee plans to recommend
to the senate the removal from Of
fee of County Judge B. F. Willis Of
Leon county, named in testimony
before the joint legislative investi-
eating committee as having agreed
with Sheriff J. r. Jones to send va
grants to the convict lease camp of
the Putnam Lumber company at
! Clara, Florida, it was learned today
in an authoritative quarter.
Senate Faces Fight
With the reconveningi OF Joint
re open its inquiry into the office
of County Judge B. F. Willis OF
the leasing of prisoners to the Put
nam Lumber Company, and with
the announcement that the federal
government has taken hand in
the Florida convict fiogging affairs
by proposing a federal grand jury
investigation, indications, today,
point to hard fight when the SEN
ate begins consideration of a meas
ure to abolish corporal punishment
of convicts.
Opinion apparently is about ev-
emily divided and only the most op-
timistic venture to predict a victory
favoring the proposed measure.
1t Is declared that prison reform
ers who are following developments
closely are preparing TO carry the
battle to the state administrative
officials who, they claim, hold the
power to ban the use OF the whip,
which, it is alleged caused the
death Of Martin Tabert of North
Dakota.
Federal Agent Busy
An agent of the department of
justice arrived here several days
ago and has been conducting an in
quiry as to whether Ned Thompson,
sixty five year old negro. who was
leased by Sheriff Jones to the Put
nam company, was held in peonage.
Fred Cubberly, United States dis
trict attorney, is said to be consid-
.ering making this the subject of a
federal grand jury investigation In
Pensacola early in May.
Thompson died in the Leon
county Jail after he had been re-
turned by the Putnam company.
because. 1t was claimed, he was not
physically At to perform hard labor.
Leo authorities assert Thompson's
death was due to natural cause. but
federal officials assert they are In
possession of evidence tending to
show his death was the result of
excess flogging received at the
lease camp before he was returned
to the county jail.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
Trout By the Millions
Are Now Being Hatched

, piled by nature with a sack which
| contains sufficient food for a period
| Of one month. After the food in this
sack is consumed, then the embryo
fish is ready to swim.
"A little fish is like a little baby OF
the human family, he does not know
how to eat until he is taught to do
So" said Mr.. Jensen. For therfirst
two weeks after becoming able Il
swim the young fish have to be fed
eight times a day. Then when they
have learned to eat they are fed four
times a day, and finally are brought
down to three squares" like you
and eat. But when they have grown
to good size the ration is cut down
to two meals a day"
Hog liver which has been ground
through grinder eight times to re =
duce it almost of a paste is used in
feeding the youngsters.
That the small trout are greedy
even in extreme youth, was evl-
denced yesterday when William
Radke, one of Mr.. Jensen's assistants
scattered a spoonful of feed over the
top of the water. This was devoured
greedily by the speckled babies
From this diminitive size, 1t takes a
trout two years generally to grow to
the required length of seven inches.
A trout is in the prime of life at
three years, and it is at that time
that they make the best breeders.
Six breeding ponds have already
been installed for the breeding of the
trout. Here one sees the fish to full
size The brown trout. the brook
trout and the rainbow variety re-
splendit with gay colors can be seen
sporting about the ponds. Among
these gaDcolored and speckled denI-
zens Of the water are to be seen
trout snowy white in color. 1t was
explained that these are freaks, or
albinos, and the strange thing about
these is, that spawn from that color
will produce white trout with bright
pink eyes.
In another division of the hatchery
provision has been made for the pro-
duction of pike, crappy, black bass
and other spawn. This spawn Is
placed in glass jar and the eggs
are kept in constant motion until
Matched by flow of water through
pipe which extends nearly to the
bottom of the jar and escapes with
a yelling UP motion which keeps the
eggs in constant agitation. Pike
hatch in from eighteen to twenty
one days. They are little savages
and canibals. according to Mr.. Jen
sen. 1t is purely question OF the
survival of the fittest or strongest
with the little pike. For that reason
he has to be placed in the lake or
river which is to be his future home,
Immediately, or he will start to eat
his weak neighors. Some idea Of the
smallness of the pike frye may be
had, when It Is stated that $4,000 of
them can easily be transported in an
ordinary sized milk can.
The plant consists Of the main
hatchery building. an ice house, a
feed house and the foreman's resi-
dence Mr.. Jensen was formerly in
charge of the ST. Paul fish hatchery,
and has had long years of expert
ence in the culture Of fish Of all
kinds.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
WINONA'S NEW GAS RATE
Reduction Of Few Cents In The
Schedule To Consumers There

Reduction Of Few Cents In The
Schedule To Consumers There
Winonas' gas rate for the next
four months, including May, June,
July and August, Will be $1.73 per
1000 cubic feet, according to the
report filed with City Recorder
George Holman by the Wisconsin
Minnesota Light and Power COM
'pany. The cost is based on the
holder cost Of the gas for the
months of December, January Feb
ruary and March.
The new rate is a reduction Of
$3.50 which has been in force the
past four months. The reduction
is explained by a slightly lessened
cost of coal and an increase in the
consumption OF gas, tending to low
er the overhead expense.
Judge Wilbur F. Booth in United
States court In the spring of 1921,
the rate is adjusted every four
months based on the changing
holder cost of gas.
The original rate fixed by Judge
Booth was $1.93, and in the subse-
varied from s1,se to sl.71. The rate
for the next four months is very
nearly at the lower figure.
The rate in Mankato is $1.75 per
thousand feet. but taking into con:
sideration the difference in the
freight rate on coal between Win
ona and Mankato, gas consumers
here are obtaining that article at
a reasonable figure. In Albert Lea
the price Of gas Is S2.10 per thou
sand,
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04

Speckled. brown and rainbow
trout are being Matched not by the
hundreds and thousands, but by the
millions at the Southern Minnesota
State Fish Hatchery on the east side
Of the Minnesota river opposite St
Peter, near the big springs on the
Radke place. In few days pike
crappy, black bass and other spawn
will be brought to the hatchery and
the propagation of those species Of
the finny tribe.
Through the kindness OF Gam.
Warden w. E. Polzin, julius Griebel
and a reporter for The Free Press
had the pleasure of visiting that in
terestins spot yesterday. Game
Warden Polzin has made arrange
ments with the state game and fish
commission to secure spawn from
that hatchery for the stocking OF
the nearby lakes.
Harold Jensen, the foreman at the
hatchery, very courteously conduct
ed the Mankato party through the
hatchery and explained the very in :
teresting method of Matching" the
different kinds Of fish.
The first department the visitors
were shown through, Is now devoted
TO the propagation Of different kinds
of trout. This division of the hatch
cry has a capacity of Matching four
million baby trout every sixty days.
Mr.. Jensen explained that the eggs
OF the fish are artificially fortified
ooil that 1fcnnunr,, 0e
tifcial formulating of the spawn, ID
credited to Stephen Ludwig Jacobl
of Germany as far back as the year
1748, though 1t was nearly one hun
dred years before public opinion was
ripe for general acceptance of its
usefulness.
Mr.. Jensen stated that fertiliza-
ton Of the fish eggs is the simplest
of processes. 1t simply consists of
pressing the ripe ova from the fe-
male fish into shallow dish or re =
ceptacle, and squeezing the milt of
the male upon them. The eggs hav-
ing been fortified, the most difficult
part of the task remains, and that is
the care of the young until they are
able to care for themselves. It was
explained that the eggs after being
fortified are placed in Matching pans
through wnlcn cola spring water
continually passes. The eggs have to
be- looked after every day, and the
white eggs or those which have died
must be carefully removed so that
they will not spoil their neighbors.
In the Matching Of trout much de-
ponds upon the temperature of the
water, It was explained. If the water
is, say fifty-two degrees Fahrenheit,
1t takes sixty days or two months to
hatch the little trout. If the water is
of a lower temperature, 1t takes a
CORRESPONDENCE longer period to
hatch the eggs. The best and most
healthy trout are produced at sixty
days. Under that period of time the
little speckled beauties do not thrive
as well, and il the whole two months
are given for incubation. Immediate
ly after birth the little trout is sup
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
WILLIAM SCHWENDER DIES
Automobile Dealer Succumbed To
Burns Received Weeks Auo.


William Schwender, a resident of
Mankato for the past twenty years,
died at his home on North Front
street in this city yesterday after
noon at S:15 o'clock from the effects
of severe burns received February
II of this year. Everything possible
was done for the sufferer, but with :
out avail.
Mr.. Schwender was born in Ger
many November IL, 1868, and he
came to this country in 1883 after
spending two years before the mast
as a seaman. For time he worked
as a gasoline engineer at Atchison,
Kan. Later he prospected through
parts of California and Mexico. Mr..
Schwender and his brother Otto
Schwender, came to Mankato in
1903 and engaged in the automobile
business under the firm name of
Schwender Brothers, which was con
Quoted for several years. OF late
years he conducted an automobile
business himself on North Front
street.
Mr.. Schwender is survived by his
wife and the following children:
William, Fritz, and Anton. Marie.
Lena. and Clara Schwender, and
Mrs. Elizabeth Keruba of Duluth.
One brother, Otto Schwender lives
in this city.
Mr.: Schwender was a member of
the Eagles lodge of this city, and
also the Sons of Herman. The fun.
eral will be held from the residence.
S23 North Front street, Wednesday
afternoon at two o'clock, Rev. A.
Ackermann, pastor of the Emmanuel
Lutheran church conducting the ser
wees: The remains will be buried
In Pilgrims Rest cemetery.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
MUST HAVE AUTO LICENSE
Owners Now Have No Excuse Te
Operate Car Without Permit.


st. Paul, Mimi. April 30.-There
rs no valid excuse for any automob-
lie owner at this time to operate
his car without displaying a 1923
license tag, Mike Holm. secretary
Of state, advised police officials
throughout the state in letter
mailed Saturday.
His department, Mr.. Holm said. Is
caught up with the work of mailing
out tags to applicants and any new
applicant, providing he makes out
his blank correctly and RENTS a
certified check can have his tag
returned to him promptly. Those
calling at the Capitol building. st.
Paul, can obtain their tag immedi-
ately upon making application and
paying the necessary tax.
UP to this time Mr.. Holm ex /.
pressed the opinion that owners who
did not display a 1923 tag should
be exempt from arrest because of
the fact that his department was
unable to promptly make returns
upon applications received through
the mall. This time, however, he
said. is past and there is mo good"
excuse for operating motor vehicles
without displaying this seasons tag.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
GIRL BADLY BURNED
She Was Caught BY The Flames Of
Bio Bonfire

Rochester, Mimi, May las a
result OF playing around a big bon =
fire, Myrtle Plank, six year old Ego
Ia girl, lies in hospital today, be-
ing treated for serious burns. The
red flames of a big spring bonfire
near her home attracted the little
girl. Just how the accident occur
red is not known but Myrtle in the
midst Of her fun stumbled and
plunged into the fire.
Her screams brought help to her
side but it did not prevent the fire
from burning her in several places.
She was put under medical attention
and kept at Eyota until the burns
proved so painful that she was
brought to Rochester. II was dis
covered here that her left hip was
in bad condition as the result of the
burns and she would be forced to
remain under close attention for
some time.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1923-05-04
LIVING COSTS HIGHER
Increase 6s.s Per Cent Higher Thar
Average Prices 1918
ASSOCIATED Press Dispatch.1

ASSOCIATED Press Dispatch.1
Washington, d c., April 30.-The
cost Of living in the United States
last March was 6S.8 per cent higher
than the average of the year, 1913,
according to a computation announc-
ed today by the federal bureau of la :
Dor statistics, based on retail com
modify prices and housing costs in
thirty two cities.
Food was AZ per cent higher,
clothing 74.4 per cent. housing 81 4
per cent; fuel and light 1872 per
cent, furniture ia per cent and
miscellaneous commodity prices
100. 3 per cent Housing costs re-
corded their highest level in March
over the entire period from 1918
while food prices showed a decrease
from last December of 3.06 per cent
and clothing price increased 3 per
cent