davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-10-21
CONTINUED from First Page.)


,, Union, then the largest union in point
of influence and numbers in the fed
Grafton, and so the machinistS took
their grievance to a federation con-
vention
In other words, without any fedora
ton law on the subject, without the
formal ceding of rights therefore re-
served to it's affiliates, the federation
was asked to mediate" between two
of its associates, and to that extent
the machinists' union surrendered its
autonomy.
This fight lasted for years, and
while 1t never was decided by the
federation and the machinists never
admitted defeat, the typographical
union today includes practically all
of the machine caretakers employed
in composing rooms.
Then, with the Improvement In and
more extensive use of machinery, to-
, gether with the organization of new
unions working in new trades and
new materials, the questions of juris-
diction began to multiply. and the
federation conventions were fairly
deluged with them, the weak untion
always protesting against grabbing by
, the large union.
ment of these jurisdiction fights was
practically ceded to the federation,
although the law was not amended,
! and the federation changed from an
arbitrator without power of enforce
ment to tribunal asserting the right
of enforcement. International unions
were expelled because they refused
, to recognize this right.
The power of the federation was
complete. The old autonomy was be-
ginning to disappear. Not a little of
the violence that has marred the hiss
tory of the unions is directly trace
able to Jurisdiction disputes.
y x y y
In it's beginnings the federation
was rather a weak and loosely asso-
ciated band of international unions
It's headquarters were in New York
city, and mainly name. Then Of
fees were established in Indianapolis
After a few years the headquarters
were removed to Washington.
Nov began the supremacy of the
federation in matters of legislation; !;
at first, OF course. in modest way
! and gradually expanding until today
it is one of the most important and
far-reaching of it's activities. 1t ad-
vises its affiliates of the attitude to
take on pending legislation. refiecting
in this advice it's support of or oppo-
sition to a pending bill.
1t opposes nominees for office that
may be disastrous-that is, not friend
ly to it's cause. 1t complies the legis-
lative records of senators and rep
resentatives. and circulates these rec
ords in election compaigns for the
guidance of wage earners in the cast
ing of their ballots.
1t but recently sent out statement
In which the claim Is made that 1t
was a factor in the election of more
than twenty United States senator's
and about $50 representatives. 1t is
now consolidating it's political vic
Evening star., 1923-10-21

Before we predict either success or
failure for Amundsen, let us take
his flying equipment. the factors and
conditions that are in his favor, and
the obstacles he may be called upon
TO overcome. That done, the reader's s
Judgment will be as good as Mac
Williamson mine.
When all is said and done, Amund-
sens proposed flight is q battle
against tremendous odds: gamble
Evening star., 1923-10-21
BY BURT VI. MCCONNELL.
Meteorological, Canadian Arctic
ExpeditiOn, 1913-1914.

TINE announcement that Capt
| Amundsen intends to fly from
Spitzbergen 10 Alaska, over the
north pole. instead of from
| Alaska to Spitzbergen, Is a reminder
! that somewhere between Siberia and the
north pole, and held in an icy grasp
| from which few ships have escaped. is
! this intrepid explorers schooner Maud
designed by him and named for Nor
ways Queen.
! Hemmed in by thousands of square
miles of paleocrystic ice, this little
vessel, manned by q few volunteers.
| is slowly drifting over the top of
| the world" If she is not crushed
| by the enormous pressure of drifting
ice fields, as scores of other ships
have been. the Maud may drift within
| two or three years beyond the pole
to the vicinity of Spitzbergen, where
slow disintegration of the foes will
! set her free.
| Meanwhile, Amundsen, undismayed
! by the accident to his airplane at
Wainwright, Alaska. last June, is
returning to Norway by way OF the
! United States. The original plan Is
| not to be abandoned; he merely has
reversed the direction of the pro-
| posed flight.
Not since Andre, a Swedish engi-
| neer, tried some twenty-five years
means of specially constructed
balloon, has such daring plan as
Amundsen's been attempted. This
flight of roughly 1000 miles, from
, Spitzbergen to Point Barrow, Is. in
| fact, generally conceded to be the
| greatest venture into the unknown
since Columbus set out from the
shores of Spain.
Andres fate may never be known,
| although there are legends among
] the Eskimos of the Hudson's Bay
region that he perished after
landing in that inhospitable coun-
| try. Does the same fate await
iAmundsen and one or more of his
| three pilots. Andre was entirely
dependent foc his cruising speed and
| his direction upon air currents, of
which little was known twenty five
years ago; Amundsen will have three
/ new all-metal airplanes, equipped
with a sturdy type of engine that has
functioned steadily for more than
! twenty-six hours in single endur-
! ance flight.
/ what, then, are his chances of
/ emerging safely from this hazard
| ous-some say oolhardy-adventure
| What are the factors, for and
against the explorer, any one of
which may be sufficient to deterpine
the success or failure of this epochal
/ journey through the clouds?
i Donald b. Macmillan, one of
' Peary's lieutenants on his successful
dash to the pole, feels sure the pro-
posed flight will end in certain death
for both Amundsen and his pilot.
My own opinion, after having strug-
! gled with dog teams over the chaotic
Ice fields north of Alaska with Stef-
ansson and his party; after having
( carefully observed weather and ice
conditions in the Arctic; after having
had two years experience In the
+ United States Army air service dur
| ing and after the war-after all this,
| my opinion is that the chances are
seven to one that Amundsen will not
| reach his goal.
X X X X
| 1t is dangerous to predict either
success or failure in an adventure of
this sort. Macmillan holds out no
hope whatever for success, and this
feeling is shared by many active
explorers and whaling captains who
Evening star., 1923-10-21

are familiar with ace and weather
conditions in the western Arctic.
But readers may also recall that such
an eminent authority on arctic ex-
ploration as Capt. Robert Bartlett,
Peary's navigator in his successful
journey to the pole. predicted g. few
years ago that Stefansson would
q, never return alive from his sled
journey of 750 miles over the ice
of the Arctic ocean.
Evening star., 1923-10-21

United States Of America-A dam in the
North Canadian river burst the other day and
the flood swept up to the heart of Oklahoma
City. completely submerging the valley section.
The loss of life slight owing to admirable
rescue organization, but the loss of property In
the city and valley was great, that of the cot
ton farmers alone being reckoned above
s15.000.00O. Whether the KIan or the governor
is the more responsible for the visitation is a
nice question.
The session of the Oklahoma house on the
18th a stormy one There was language
worthy of the most brilliant traditions of the
southwest and the sergeant-at-arms was Il
busy man, one legislator addressed to another
the following compendous and beautiful zap
preciation:' You n piking, pie-eatng
ussy-footing. political iackal''
Out of the melee emerged a resolution pro
viding for investigation of KIau activities by
Il committee of six.
x x X X
Note.-Stil no news from Spain and none
concerning the Fiume question Can it be that
Mussolini, an economist of sorts. is cultivating
silence for its golden quality?
Evening star., 1923-10-21

SThe Phi1ippines.-The problems facing Gen.
Wood, governor general of the Philippines,
grow more and more perplexing and exasper-
ating In his report for 1922 the general
showed how government operation of a ma
tional bank and other government business
enterprises in the Philippines had proved
failures, how all had been carried on at a loss,
and with lamentable lapses from honesty, the :
obvious inference from these and other facts
being that the Filipnos are not yet to be trust
ed with complete se1f-government This ex-
position, at once truthful and so unfatter
ing, enraged the nationalstic leaders, of whom
Manuel Quezon is chief. The seat falling va
cant for senator in the Manila district, they
announced that the bye-election to fill 1t would
be a test of the relative strengths of the op-
ponents, and the supporters of Gen. Wood
home rule against alien domination. freedom
against "autocracy" and all that--and bent
q every energy to defeat the candidate of the
democratic party. which party supports Cen
Woods policies. The coalitionist or nationalist
candidate won by $4,000 votes to his opponents
At first blush this result might seem re-
buff to Gen. Wood, but considering the ad
vantages enjoyed by nationalist propaganda it
is regarded by the judieious highly ffatter
ing to the great administrator.
recent flock of dispatches from Manila
gave US bad quarter of an hour, dispatches
telling of dsaffection among the Philippine
Scouts OF nationalist sentiment in the con-
stabulary growing more bellicoSe every in
stant, of secret societies resembling the old
Italian Carbonari. only more So and of multi
plying signs and omens portendng insurrec-
tion. The which turned out to be exaggerative,
but there's exaggerating Quezon's uncom-
promising zeal. To be sure having hoped that
his propaganda would discredit Gen. Wood
with the Washington government and for q
vociferous reaction in the United States favor
able TO his purposes a cable message from
Secretary Weeks .assSring Washingtons
whole hearted support of Gen. Woods policy
damped his ardor for moment. but only for
moment On October 16 the Philippine leeis-
lature in joint session listened quietly TO
Gen. Woods message, but the next day both
houses voted 4 resolution demanding the
call of Gen Wood. copies of which will be for
warded to President Coolidge and the Wash
ington Congress. The coming proceedings of
the legislature will be watched with interest.
QueZon is said to control twenty of the
twenty four votes of the senate. In the house
he can surely count on fiftysix of the ninety
three votes, sixty-two being required tn
ride the governor generals vote. He cIa Inns
have won over six democrats. completing the
magic number.
That little adventure of in the far
east deserves attention.
Evening star., 1923-10-21
BY HENRY ". BUM.

/ HE following is asbrief summary of the
most important news of the world for
l. the seven days ended October 20.
Evening star., 1923-10-21

THE announcement that Capt.
Amundsen intends to fly from
Spitzbergen 10 Alaska, over the
north pole. instead of from
Evening star., 1923-10-21

1t is dangerous to predict either
success or failure in an adventure of
this sort Macmillan holds out no
hope whatever for success, and this
feeling is shared by many active
explorers and whaling captains who
Evening star., 1923-10-21
Discrepancies Explained.


The discrepancies which exist be-
tween the estimated costs of the
projects and the actual cost are ex-,
planned In two ways by the reclama-
tion service. There have been cases.
where the settlers themselves urged
that the government do more in the
way of irrigation than the original
investment called for. The govern
ment acceded to their request, with
the result that the actual cost was
far greater than the estimated cost
Another explanation of this discrep--
ancy is found in the increasing costs
of labor and materials, the estimate
being made before the great Increase
which made itself apparent in every
industry. Two suits against the gov
ernment EareW out of this difference
between the estimated and the actual
cost The government won by a.
Supreme Court decision which ap-
piled to both.
The reclamation service admits
there have been mistakes in it's ad-
ministration of q great and difficult
task. But the men conducting this
work believe their mistakes have
been no more than human. Secre-
tary Works investigation is not de-
signed to seek out and expose those
guilty Of mistakes so much as it
Is to endeavor to find remedy for
system which evidently has been
faulty in It's conception.
Reclamation is not failure, SO far
as the principle of reclamation has
been practiced, but as a business
proposition for the government there
is a large and spacious room some
where for Improvement.
The Wolf Point herald. (Wolf Point, Mont.) 1913-1940, 1923-12-13

New Years eve is the date set for
the big Trainmen's dance. 1927
The Herald sells calendars-1925
samples soon to arrive.
Miss Maud Kellogg went to Poplar
Sunday evening for a few days with
friends.
All kinds of good Christmas Eats
at the ~Southside Grocery. 43-2t
Mrs. D. C. Witt of Poplar, and R.
l.. Wilson and wife of Nickwall visit
ed Sunday at the parental Steele
home.
You will hold your breath a humid
red times during the splendid pro-
duction "Brawn of the North"
Quite a few from the Nickwall
country came to Wolf Point the first
of the week by way of Poplar. Mr..
Martin thinks he can run his boat
the rest of the month.
At the time you buy a car you also
buy service The ever increasing
number of Odds cars assures the pur-
chaser Of service. Odds service sta
tions are everywhere in the United
States. 1t
The Wolf Point herald. (Wolf Point, Mont.) 1913-1940, 1923-12-13
ATTORNEY BROWN GOES SOUTH

County Attorney L. A. Brown has
obtained leave of absence from the
commissioners for 60 days and will
spend the time at the parental homes
Of himself and Mrs. Brown in OKLA
homa and Texas. ION the way he
visited the Mayo clinic at Rochester,
Minn., to consult specialists. Mr..
Brown had a serious sick spell last
winter from which he has never fully
recovered. Deputy Noun is in
charge of the office.
The Wolf Point herald. (Wolf Point, Mont.) 1913-1940, 1923-12-13
HAVE YOU ANY CHRIST
MAS WISHES?

All business concerns who
desire to join in and contrib
ute their share to the Commun-
ity Spirit Of Christmas should
have the copy for their greet
ings ready for The Herald's
Christmas Special by Monday
afternoon, Dec. II.
Next week will be a busy one
for everybody, don't postpone
the job of framing the senti-
ment you wish to express to
patrons and friends. We will
dress up your card in tasteful
style.-THE HERALD.
The Wolf Point herald. (Wolf Point, Mont.) 1913-1940, 1923-12-13

We will sincerely appreciate an
opportunity to show you our 1925
calendars before you order. Let's
keep as much of our money as pos
sible working at home.
The Wolf Point herald. (Wolf Point, Mont.) 1913-1940, 1923-12-13
LOCAL AND OTHERWISE

~ AMI =
McAllen's store will be open even
ings all next week.
Born to Mr.. and Mrs. Wesley Lam
don on Saturday, Dec. 8, a son.
Wait for the Trainmen's dance on
New Years eve. 1927
Arnold Sontag of Lustre was one
of The Herald's visitors Tuesday
The Trainmen's dance New Years
eve will be a big event. 43-2t
Tom Hudinburgh of Vida purchas-
ed an Odds light six of Ed Camrud.
1t is very good, it what the critics
say about Drawn of the North" At
the Liberty Thursday-Friday.
Floyd Smith and family of Poplar
were Wednesday evening visitors IN
this city.
It's fun to bake with Occident
Flour. At all grocers. 22-tf
Deputy Examiners Dryer and
Williamson are checking up the
county offices.
Strongheart, the wonder dog of
the age, in "Brawn Of the North
Thursday-Friday. Liberty.
Jim Yandell acted as jailor last
week during the absence of Los
Blackmon.
Buy your supplies at the Southside
Grocery and get a free ticket on a
$3.50 Photograph with each 81 pur-
chase. 43-At
L. E. Blankenship of the Volt
neighborhood called at this office this
week and had his name added to u
list of readers.
Occident Flour makes better bread.
At all grocers. 22-tf
A. G. Houge has sold his modern
bungalow to H. C. Ditmarson and
will occupy apartments in The Sher-
man.
Bring the "Kiddies" to McAllen's
and make our store your shopping
headquarters during Christmas.
Coming! D. w. Grifiht's big spec
lal production entitled "Orphans of
he Storm"
L. L. jenkins, the Grain Growers
nan, was in town Wednesday and
ook L. w. Day, the export commits
ion speaker to Frazer and west.
Drawn of the North, featuring
Strongheart, the wonder dog, Thurs
Iay-Friday. Liberty.
H. C. Ditmarson, w. L. Young and
J. J.. Severson went to Glasgow We'd {
lesday and brought back two new {
lodel Fords for Motor Sales Com 8
any-a Sedan and a Coup. s
An always acceptable way to say E
is with a bright and CHEEKY Christ ss%#
,as card-a carefully selected as go
,rtment Of designs and sentiments :
t The Herald Office.
Occident Flour Gusts more, worth
A. all orocers. 22-tf
Wish to announce to my friends
nd former guests, the Turner Hotel
, newly furnished, renovated M
e-opened. IL
We guarantee Fort Smelling, Foley
nd DelMonte brand canned goods.
ro,+b Grocery. TIFF
If it is economy you are thinking
artistic Christmas and New Year
ards often take the place of expen-
i've presents. The cream Of three
mes to show you at The Herald
flee.
The M. E. Ladies Aid will have a
God and apron sale Saturday, Dec.
Ind. 42-2t
Don't put off buyingyour greetings
ards. call at The Herald Office to-
ay. We imprint them with your
anne or any special sentiment if
gu desire. Stock of beautiful cards
n hand.
Hemstitching. Leave work at my
ONE or at the Commercial Club.
ellie Gordon. 4O-tf.
Miss Lulu Cooke Of the Benrud
accompanied by her nephew,
rendall Cook, viii leave Friday for
le Mayo clinic at Rochester, Mimi,
seek treatment for the boys in
red knee which has long troubled
m. Many friends hope their err
md will be entirely successful.
See our display of choice Christ
as Candies and nuts. Special
The Monmouth inquirer., 1923-10-11
InTInnInI
English University in Closer Touch With Social
and Political Life


Now the American university system is not a mere machine for
enabling boys and girls to earn their living any more than the English
university is a place where youth imbibes a store of exqusitely useless
knowledge concerning civilizations that have passed away. But in Amer
lea it is nevertheless true that the college atmosphere is more utihtarian,
in the sense that education is regarded as a method of learning how to do
things rather than Of learning a way of how to look at things. And
hence in the world Of action the American student is a far more accom-
phshed person than his English cousin he can drive IN automobile and
use a typewriter; in association with his fellows he runs a daily news
paper and raises enormous sums of money to build stadiums; he is
specifically taught how to speak in public He learns law and agriculture
and commerce and medicine and dentistry with a thoroughness that COM
pls admiration and which makes one feel that the American university
is in closer touch with the economic life of the nation than is the case
In England.
But his cultural development and social outlook are not equal to those
of the average English student In England the university is a microcosm
of the larger life of the nation, particularly in its literary, social, and
political aspects. Every political party and every religious organization
has a branch society in almost every university, not organized from above
like the Y. NJ. c. A. in America), but arising IS a spontaneous growth
among the students themselves. All the great questions of the day,
political, social, religious, literary, and economic, are discussed eagerly
and with a familiarity which is not to be found in the acreage American
college; and the special representative of the universities in parliament
gives a background of reality to these activities.
The English university is consequently in closer touch with the
political and social life of the nation than is the case in the United
States.
The Monmouth inquirer., 1923-10-11
AMBASSADORS HARVEY
AND CHILD TO RESIGN
President Relieves Diplomats at
London and Rome in Accord
ance With Harding Compact.

Washington. = The designations of
Ambassadors Harvey at London and
Child at Rome, submitted for private
reasons, and under agreements reach
ed with the Harding administration.
have been accepted, marking the first
big change in the American dilomatic
service since President Coolidge took
office.
Ambassador Harvey will quit his
post about he first of the yea Am
bassador Child, who has either left
or is about to leave Rome for the
United States, will not go back.
The only explanation of the two
designations given in Official quarters
was that in both cases the ambassa-
doris had a few months ago reached
agreements with President Harding
as to the length of time they could
continue at their posts.
In both cases there have been init
nations hat the ambassadors were
finding their positions unduly burden
some in a financial way and mat they
felt they must give attention to their
personal affairs.
When Ambassador Harvey was last
in the United States on a somewhat
prolonged leave, it was reported that
he would resign and take an active
part in the coming presidential cam-
paign.
Both of the retiring ambassadors
played important parts in the cam
paign which resulted in the election
of President Harding, and since en-
tering upon their diplomatic duties
they have been prominent figures in
negotiations having to do with post
war developments.
The outstanding incident Of British
American relations during the period
of Ambassador Harvey's duties in
London was the conclusion Of the
British debt negotiations.
Ambassador Child headed the
American delegation sent to the first
Lausanne conference for conclusion
of peace between Turkey and the
Allies.
The Monmouth inquirer., 1923-10-11
LATEST EVENT
AT WASHINGTON

William c. Butler of Massachusetts
to direct President cooIidse's cam
paian for denomination.
Ambassadorship to the Court of ST.
James to be offered to Ex-Governor
Lowden of Illinois.
Secretary of Treasury Melons alumni
mum interests seek higher tariff on
such products.
Governor Smith of New York will be
asked to v and exhort all
sheriffs, chiefs of police and mayors
to enforce the Volstead act IL
plans for the Coolidge prohibition
law enforcement conference 90
through.
Shippers organization tells President
it is opposed to compulsory consoii-
dation of railroads.
One billion additional Harding memo
rial stamps were ordered printed
by Postmaster General New. TWO
lots of 300, 600, 1000 already have
been printed. The stamps are of
two cent denomination.
Leaders of women's national political
organizations urged measures to
cure the divorce evil. The Nation
al League Of Women Voters urged
the passage by the next Congress
of a uniform Federal divorce
law.
President and Mrs. Coolidge observed
their first wedding anniversary In
the White House, but il was as sim
pie and quiet as any of the seven
teen anniversaries that had pre-
ceded it. No guests were enter
tanned.
Colonel George Harvey and Richard
Washburn Child, two Of President
Hardinu's early selections for dip
lomatic posts, have resigned and
will retire soon, II becam1 known at
the State Department. This 10 the
first important change in the dipio-
matte service since President Cool
idae took office.