davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New Britain herald., 1923-07-12
WGI

(American Radio & Research, Corp,
Medford Hillside, Mass)
p. m.-Late news flashes. Early
sports news. .H '. t--
$3.50 p. m.-Boston police reports
Amrad bulletin board.
6:45 p. m.-Code practice, lesson
No. "A. ..G,, ''''''
$3.50 p. m.--Evening program. l.
Vocal and instrumental concert.
New Britain herald., 1923-07-12
REASON FOR DEsERTIoNs
British Sailors Claim American Skip
pers Treat Them Much Better

BY Tho Associated Prsss. th's.
London, July 1.-THE reason that
British mercantile marine sailors de-
sert their country's ships for Ameri-
can Is because they. are granted
much better conditions, according to a
reporter. for the Daily = Herald, the
labor organ, who visited the Levia-
than yesterday.
In long talks with men in all Sec
tons of the ship he said, he found
that conditions on the IIeviathan
were much better than those of
British ships,
I'VE were tried here like men," one
of the stewards said. aa .s.
The Leviathan's men got at least
IS per cent higher wages than their
colleagues on British ships.
New Britain herald., 1923-07-12
WGY
WGY -.
General Electric Co.. Schenectady

~ N.Y. - =
y. m.--Produce and stock market
quotations.; news bulletins; baseball
results. ..... 49,. -.
6:15 p. m.-Weekly report on con-
ditions of roads in New York state by
Frederick s. Greene, state commits
Bioner of highways. --.
S:35 p. m.--Open air talk, Auto
Camping" Jud Landon.
$40 p. m.-Baseball scores.
S:45 p. m.--Farmers' night.
New Britain herald., 1923-07-12

Carriage of Charles X of France,
now in the Trianon at Versailles, cost
more than 100000.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
A<s,,-Szs~sIAk

was boat service between Sacramento
and San Francisco. Salt Lake was the
only city between the Sierras and the
Missouri.
American Urge for Speed.
The Pony Express route was 1865
miles. The first express out Of st.
Joseph made the trip in ten days.
Later the time was reduced to an av-
erage of nine days. The news of Fort
Sumter was carried In eight days and
IA hours. Buchanan's last message
was rushed across In seven days and
10 hours. Lincoln's inaugural address
placed the record at seven days and
IL hours.
The riders were young, light and
picked men of character under solemn
pledge of good behavior. Each carried
revolver and bowie knife. The letters
were on tissue paper, the two mail
pouches never weighed over 20 pounds,
, and the postage was 80 "a letter In adj
vance. The riders were paid about
S125 month. The HORSES were usual
ly half-breed California mustangs.
The Pony Express riders rode $780,
600 miles and lost one matt The serv-
Ice terminated with the completion Of
the transcontinental telegraph line Oc-
tober "a, 1861.
The Pony Express lasted eighteen
months, took In 100000 and paid out
$7Oo,0OO. What is more, 1t was never
expected to pay. What. then. was its
why and wherefore? There is no room
here to explain in detail.
One factor, of course, was the we'll
known American urge for speed. Tho
discovery of gold in 1913 peopled Call
fornia almost over night. BY 1850
there were two great bodies of Ameri-
cans separated by 1900 miles. Most Of
the mail went by way Of Panama,
twenty-five days from New York to
San Francisco. A railroad was the
hunger, the prayer, the hope" Of every
settler west Of the Missouri.
Breaking Trail for Rail.
The prewar struggle between the
North and South was the big factor.
The South, being the stronger in con-
gress, pigeon-holed in 1855 bill for a
government subsidized Pony Express
over the Central route"-St. Joseph,
Fort Kearney, Fort Laramie, South
Pass, Salt Lake City and Sacramento.
In 1858 congress let a mail contract by
stage over the Southern Route"-Fort
Smith. Ell Paso Tucson-2, 760 miles
on a 25-day schedule. Northerners.
with an eye to the coming transcon-
tinental railroad, countered by estab-
fishing the Pony Express to demon
strate that the Central Route" was
open the year round. Then came the
Ciyil war. with the North In control Of
congress The mall service was trans
ferred to the Central Route" Then
came the railroad.
so the why and wherefore Of the
Pony Express Of 1s6O-61 was largely to
break the trail over the Central
Route" for the railroad Of 1870.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

Bills grave not as It Is but as 1t will
be when his equestrian statue is set up
The Pony Express riders did some
wonderful riding, but, as matter of
fact the record performance in that
age and country of hard-riding horse
men-it is probably the record Of all
history-was the ride of F. X. Aubrey
In 1851 from the plaza Of Santa Fe, N.
NJ, to the public square of Independ-
ence, No., distance of about 800 miles
across sandy desert infested by hos
tile Indians in five days and 10 hours.
Aubrey rode alone, killed several of his
best horses was never Off fast gallop
during the whole ride, fell faInting
from his saddle, lay In stupor for AZ
hours, and walked up none the worse,
with wager of $1,000 won.
Some Record Rides.
Buffalo Bill was the boy Wonder"
Of the Pony Express. He began in
April, $780, at the age of fourteen. He
first rode As miles out of Julesburg
with the stations IS miles apart and
three changes of horses. After two
months he was assigned to 76-mile run
between Red Buttes on the North Platte
to the Three Crossings of the Sweet
water--a bad Indian country. One day
he galloped into Three Crossings, his
home station, and found that his relief
had been killed. So he rode on to
Rocky Ridge, So miles away, and made
the round trip of 800 miles without a
mishap and on time-a record perform
ance. Shortly afterward the Indians
killed so many riders and drove off so
many ponies that the Pony Express
had to be discontinued while "WHd
Bill" Hickok -(who once sIngle-handed
killed ten desperadoes). young Cody
and forty men chased the Indians four
days ride into the hills and returned
with their own horses and 100 Indian
ponies-and several scalps.
Robert PONY Bob Haslam at the
time of the Piute war In Nevada mo
vember of 1900 made an emergency
ride Of $50 miles of desert route, with
one rest Of nine hours. within four
hours of schedule time. Then after a
IcSl VI ~ ilihutCs, uC hcHt 10 cover
his own route
James Moore had run of 40 miles
across western Nebraska. On one run
he made the distance In II hours, and
without rest went back in the same
time-2S0 miles in % hours.
The Pony Express deserves immor-
tality as an object lesson Of American
daring. pluck, endurance and efficiency.
The advertisement of Russell. Majors
and Waddell the famous stage and
freighting firm. carried the heading:
ITO San Francisco In Eight Days by
the Central Overland California and
Pixies Peak Express" This was ex-
planned to mean that kilograms. carried
by Pony Express between st. Joseph
and Placerville. would reach the coast
In eight days and that letters would be
carried In ten days between st. Joseph
and San Francisco. The Missouri City
was the rail-end farthest west. There
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

dams came from Asia. the South Sea
Islands. or merely moved from Mexico
or some other part of this continent.
The remains Of the dog will be careful
ly studied to discover its canine affili-
ations. One belief is that the Pueblos,
the Mayas Aztecs and other Indians
who practlced architecture and showed
much development in civilization are
sprung from emigrants from Asia. who
sailed across the Pacific. In compare
lively recent times. Some anthropolo-
gists believe that the statues found
among the Maya relics are Buddhas.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
Bright Steel Bars

British scientists have made some
important improvements in the pro-
duction OF bright steel bars, such as
are used for line shafting and numer-
GUS other purposes In engineering.
Hitherto the bright surface has been
obtained by the use of acids. which
has had the disadvantage of tending
to pit the surface of the metal. In the
new process a special machine is used
which turns the bars at an unusually
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
Tale Of a Dead Dog

Nobody knows from where the Pueb-
10 Indians came and among those who
have been giving the matter of this
ancient tribe some considerable study
is DIR. Cla.k Wissler. of the American
Museum Of Natural Sciences. While
at work at Aztec. Arizona. he turned
up the dried body Of dog which may
reveal the origin of the PuebIos. II
the species and origin of the dog can
be- found 1t may show whether the In
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

and yelling their heads off and the
whole country watching this spectacu.
lar race against time across the 1,96d
miles of the "Great American Desert
To say the "Pony Express" Is to be
"restaged" looks like bad mixup OF
language. since 1t was a horseback mail
service established on purpose to beat
the stage. Just the same, the an
nouncement Is one to stir the blood OF
the West between the Mississippi and
the Pacific. Nearly all of the Pony Elk
press riders have hit the Long Trail,
but the story of the winning of the
West" without them would be like the
"Wild West Show" with Buffalo Bill
out.
The 1923 Pony Express riders will
leave "Saint Jo' about August 20 and
will finish at San Francisco September
9, the anniversary of the admission to
the Union of California. There will
also be Mark Twain and Bret Harte
celebration In the West this fall. This
year is the seventy-fifth anniversary of
the discovery of gold at Suffers Mill.
September 10, 1858, Butterfield's "Over-
land Mail" was established. Septem-
Der ID, 1870, the first transcontinental
railroad train left Omaha for San
Francisco.
So there is likely to be grand COM
bination celebration, with an 'evolu-
ton of transportation" exhibit, with
covered wagon, stage, Pony Express,
railroad train and airplane all in the
picture, and cities along the Central
Route" taking part.
Buffalo Bills Grave.
Anyway, representatives of seven
western states and of the Mark Twain
Memorial association met the other
day in Denver and organized the Pony
Express Memorial association For
mer Senator James d. Phelan of Cali
fornia. is president, Johnny Baker of
Denver, vice president. and Earle
Snelle Of Reno, manage.
And then Johnny Baker. Buffalo
Bits foster son and right-hand man,
champion rifle and shotgun shot Of the
world and Tanager of Pabaska Tepee,
the Cody museum established by the
city of Denver, took them all up on
Lookout mountain to the grave of the
most famous of all the Pony Express
riders. After Maj. Gordon w. Lille
(Pawnee BID had placed a wreath in
memory Of his old comrade, the visi-
tors went on the great balcony of the
museum and gazed long out over the
historic ground of which hint is given
in the accompanying photograph. Den
yer is down on the plains. ten miles
away. With field glasses the visitors
could see into Wyoming, Kansas and
Nebraska. Almost under foot seemed
Julesburg. where Buffalo Bill did his
first riding, and the Union Pacific,
where In IS months. 1868, he killed
1850 buffalo with "Lucretia Borgia"
for the railroad builders. Incidental
ly, the artist has taken liberty with
the photograph and shown Buffalo
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

Particularly aggrayating to dyed-in-
the-wool Germans has been tie tend.
ency to label "Fuenf-Uhr Tee" as a
five o'clock tea," especially since such
matinee luxury is patfonized largely
by the foreigners who are here In this
country, anyway.
The tax has not yet reached more
than the talking and investigating
stage. Its adoption is considered like
ly, however, for sentiment In favor
OF such step has increased greatly
since similar measure was adopted
at Milan, Italy.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
A SCOUT cHAUTAUoUA

Baise council. Idaho, has organized
Scout Chautauqua, In order to bring
to its boys a larger conception of the
worlds work and their future partici-
patton in 1t. Business and profession
al men have responded heartily to the
Invitation to address the scouts. and
a great variety of subjects will be pre-
scented by experts In various lines.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

This from the prot ram of the Col
lege scholarship benefit:
Harvard Man-Tve friend I'd
like you girls to meet.
Bryn Mawr Girl-What can he do !?
Wellesley Girl-How much has he?
Radcliffe Girl-What does he read?
vassar Girl-Who are his family?
Holyoke Girl-What church does he
belong to?
Smith GirI-Where Is he?-St. Louis
Post Dispatch.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

Thus he thinks II any Berlin hos
telry prefers to be known as no
tel" instead of prldlng itself on be-
Ing just a plain German "Gastwirt,"
It should pay for the pri, llege of
offending good German eyes by its adj
vertisement In this way In foreign
language. The same view prevails
as to firms whose doors are crowned
with "coiffure." modes" restaurant"
or the like.
Even an enterprislng chap from
overseas who hung out the single
American Dentist" would be hit.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
She Had No Children.

Mamma" asked Edith on her re-
turn home from Sunday school. have
any children"
"Of course not" replied her moth
err. "What put that idea into your
headT
Because our lesson was about peo-
pie and their children's children" ex-
planned the little student.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
MAY ASSESS FOREIGN WORDS
Berlin Authorities Said to Have Such
Plan for the Raising Of Nsess-
cary Money.

Berlin.-Casting about for things to
tax the Argus eyes Of the municipal
receiver have fallen upon q host of
shop signs which have sprung up along
the streets since prewar days.
1t ID not the signs themselves he
wants to ASSESS. nor the newness. but
the foreign words used In them.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

high speed and with extraordinary ac-
curacy. The superior brightness and
regularity of surface of the bars Is
due solely to the machine and Is
achieved solely without the use Of
acids.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

CECRETARY OF STATE HUGHES
~ has definitely Joined the ranks Of
those Americans who are opposed to
American membership In the League
Of Nations. Since his campaign state
ment In 1920. In which he and 30 9TH
er Republican leaders urged the cleo
ton Of Mr.. Harding as the most effec-
tive way to obtain changes In the
covenant that would make II safe for
the United States to Join the league.
Mr.. Hughes has observed what he
thinks Ii the utter failure Of the
league to enforce peace and has con-
cluded the machinery set mp by Il for
that purpose Ii impractieable.
Mr.. Hughes utterances, which II Is
fair to assume had the advance ap-
prevail Of the President. were made in
an address to the National Confer
ence Of Social Work in Washington.
He did not mention the league by
name. but here IL what he had to say
on that subject:
The more we reflect upon the es-
sential conditions Of peace the more
clearly II appears that they are not
to be found In any artificial arrange
ments. important a. these may be AZ
facilities; that II 10 the disposition Of
peoples that counts.
ANY sort Of contrivance will fail
n peoples are not disposed to peace,
or are not able to find ground for be-
lief In each other. II Ia idle to talk
Of prescribing war unless the peoples
are intent on maintaining peace You
cannot maintain peace by force. for who
win supply. who will control. who will
direct. the forcef
Great nations may indeed discipline
a weak power, provided they are
united in policy and provided always
that the weak power IL not a neces-
sary weight In some contrived bal
ance Of power. But when great ma
lions do not agree among themselves.
who shall guard the guardiansf In
that case. all the arrangements made
to depend upon their harmony Of view
are bound to fail.
''Tf those who are keenly desiRous
Of enduring peace win descend to the
contemplation Of realities. II will be
seen that there is only one way to the
soal-a long and dificult way-that
ia. by the cultivation Of the spirit of
friendship and good will among the
peoples through which alone the
sources Of dangerous strife can be
dried up.
IF you ind anywhere in the world
AS for example. we happily ind In
the case Of our relations to our neigh
Dor to the north-a complete assur-
ahcc of lasting peace. II IL not because
Of treaties or political arrangements
Of any sort; II is simply because the
roots Of amity strike deep in the
Thoughts and convictions Of both peo-
PIES"
CEN1TOR MOSES Of New Hamp-
" shire has returned from a foreign
tour ready to fight not only American
membership in the league but also
American membership in the world
court He says he found no one in
Europe who believes for moment
that the court Is distinct from the
league. Mr.. Moses 10 vexed because.
a. he says. anyone who happens to
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
Spread Of SLEEPING Sickness.

The worldwide spread Of sleeping
sickness is a feature of recent health
reports. Since 1917 1t has appeared
in France. England. Italy, the United
States. Portugal. Denmark. Norway,
Poland, India and Australia
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

believe from personal knowledge and
experience that 1t would be destruc-
tive Of the best interests of his coun-
try to become enmeshed In the poll
tics OF Europe Is branded as cam
didate against President Harding"
THIS leads to consideration of the
L report from Washington. after a
series Of political conferences In the
White House, that Attorney General
Daugherty will not manage Mr.. Hard
ing's campaign for denomination ow-
Ing to his continued Ill health. In
deed, 1t is believed he may soon re-
sign from the cabinet for the same
reason. His successor as pre-conven-
ton manager for Harding was not Sc
lected, but among the men discussed
for that work were Charles d. Hilles
Of New York, VIII II. Hays and A. d.
Lasker, retiring chairman of the ship
ping board. Those participating In
the conferences had no doubt, SEEM
ingly. that the President would win a
denomination.
These leaders had good deal to
say about the situation In New York
state where they fear the effects of
the prohibition issue. There was
rumor that Theodore Roosevelt would
offer himself as gubernatorlal can
didate next year, his admirers assert
Ing he is the one man who might de-
feat AL Smith.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

and other works of art and civilian
tion are alleged to have been borrowed
from Asia in recent times
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

More than 10000. 100000 letters are
handled in the United States post Of
Zee every year.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
news REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
Secretary Hughes Declares
League Of Nations a Failure
in Enforcing Peace.
FRIENDSHIP IS ONLY way

President Hardlns's Comment on New
Yors's WET" LsgIsiation-orescs
Threatens to Flight Turkey
Great Britain and Russia
Likely TO Reach
Accord.
BY EDWARD w. PIcKARD
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

captiyes by the fact that the govern
me1t, instead of withdrawing its
troops from the region, has kept II
surrounded. Worse yet, a detachment
of bandits that was moving to join
the main band was attacked by sol
diers and driven back. Through the
courageous efforts of several foreign
residents food. clothing and medicines
have reached the captives, some of
whom are In serious condition.
IF THE peace conference at Lau-
same adiourns without definite re-
suit 1t seems likely that war between
Greece and Turkey will follow. Veni-
zelos Informed Ismet Sasha that Tur-
keys demands for reparations from
Greece must be dropped, since his
country would fight rather than pay
cent. The prospect of renewed hos
tilities caused rejoicing In Greece and
the economic and financial conditions
there improved Immediately. The
Greek army in Thrace, numbering
about 10000, was said to be under or
ders to be ready to march on Constan-
tlnople. The French foreign office has
made 1t clear that France will sup
port Greece. asserting that 1t had posi-
tive information that responsibility
for the war in which she was beaten
does not devolve on Greece.
BY financial coup British syndl-
cate has purchased control of the ia
nous Berlin-Bagdad railway, pet
project Of the former kaiser of Ger
many. 1t is, Of course, but partly COM
pleted and is in poor condition, but Its
potential value Is immense. The con-
cesslons connected with 1t conflict
with the Chester concession, especial
ly along the Mosul frontier. This
achievement by the English has en-
ragged the French government. 1t is
said, as they and the Americans now
have obtained the two biggest things
| In Anatolia,
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31
Historic Nail cz.Nce
10 Re2zaged

HE Pony Express is to be
restaged this fall. 63 years
after Alex Carlyle on a
mice brown mare" raced
out of st. Joseph, NO.,
headed west, and Harry
Hoff on a spirited half
breed broncho" sprinted
out of Sacramento, CAL.
headed east, the entire
population Of both cities
massed along the street
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

| ID ELATIONS between Great Britain
IN and Russia probably will not be
ruptured despite Curzon's ultimatum
That fierce note, 1t seems, was really
dictated by the foreign minister's Of
Tended amour propre and was not
backed up by the business men of
England. The soviet government, also,
was not DESTROYS of trouble and Leonid
Krassln flew from Moscow to London
In an airplane to try to smooth over
the difficulties. He declared Russia
was quite willing to adjust any COM
plants, and was graciously received
by the British officials. 1t was pre-
dicted in London that the net result
would be that relations with Russia
would be strengthened and made
closer instead Of being broken.
Rumania, however, has shown sharp
er dlsapproval of the soviet regime.
ENJOYS from Moscow were in Buchar-
est to negotiate a commercial treaty.
They demanded that Rumania recog-
nize the soviet government, and Pre-
mier Bratianu replied that II this was
necessary to the making of the treaty,
his country would get along without
the pact The Moscow ENJOYS were
then given their passports and sent
home.
CETTLEMI4NT of the costs of the
~ American army Of occupation was
reached last week so far as II could
be by Elliott Wadsworth and the al
lied representatives in Paris, but 1t
may be Washington Will not accept the
plan. The allies agreed, as Mr.. Wads-
worth asked, that the sums advanced
by America for the costs of its army
Of occupation shall be repaid over a
period of IL years, second. these pay
ments will be made by the Preparations
commission from the cash sums paid
by Germany on the Preparations ac-
count with absolute priority of 25
per cent on each years payments for
IL years.
But these conditions were attached:
First, the United States is to negotiate
separately with Germany for the pay
ment of 100000, 900 gold marks; sec
ond, such payments when agreed on,
are to go through the reparations
commission, undergoing the customary
process Of the Belgian priority before
the American share is taken out;
third. the United States promises
not to pass any recovery act" or high
Import tax on German goods.
MOT so serious as at first reported
l but bad enough was the disaster
that befell Hot Springs, Ark, known
as the American Spa" Following a
terrific flood, fires broke out and many
buildings, including several hotels,
were destroyed. The property loss
was estimated at $1.0OO,00O. but no
lives were lost.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1923-05-31

GAN FRANCISCO, Cleveland,
~ chIcaro and Buffalo are
seeking the Republican national
convention OF next year, with
Chicago apparently In the lead.
Which one do you think should
be awarded the prize, and whyf