Evening star., 1923-09-16
DECLARES PAN-AMERICAN
POLICY HAS BEEN FAILURE
DR.. E. S. Zeballos, Argentine Jurist, Sees
Need of U. S. Reorganizing
State Department.

Ialled IN the realization of any of
the fundamental political or econom-
zeal purposes. The most important
con Nehtohs signed We're simply acts
Oh courtesy, drafted cautiously, and
with the intention of several states
NOT 10 arrive at any practical result,
AZ the time of the fifth pan-Amer-
Heha, 5ydn conference. according to DR..
nKnoWledge in South America that
Feru and Bolivia would not concur
and that there was Al military rivalry
| energeticaliy upheld in Brazil toward
argentina; The State Department and
thS Fan American Union We're un-
able to ignore the fact. states DR.
Aeoallos. that the Brazilian ministry
Of marine had repeatedly declared
( that its country was decided to
acquire military supremacy over
Argentina. Nevertheless" states DR..
HeDailos, the conference was forced,
and all well informed statesmen in
South America We're convinced of the
error and of its unfavorable and dis
| graceful prospect in matter of polit-
ical weight"
| Lists Outstanding Results.
There were four outstanding results
, OF the conference, which Dr. Zeballos
! lists as follows: First. the revelation
! OF an unexpected anti-Amercan
spirit: second, that the Monroe doc
trtne was not popular in the south
ern states; third. that while all dele
| cations were willing to plough an
humanitarian field" as u matter of
courtesy toward the United States
/ selves. they were unwilling to accept
any super natural solution on sub
| jects of policy or commerce or of any
| other nature.
FINALLY" states DIR. Zeballos. lin
| the transcendental matter of the
armaments the failure of this con-
ference was deplorablc 1t has been
said that the United States did not
ilikc to offend Brazil but they offended
! six republics. victims OF the armed
peace, among them Argentina. the
most rich and important market in
| South America and a serious part of
/ the Brazilian public opinion, which is
q gatnSt aTmamentS- And again IL
would have been easy for the United
states to lind "A WAY of Conciliatton
without offending anybody
Dir. Xehailos does not criticize with
out suggesting remedies: chief among
which ht terms the elimination Of the
active causes which ar" responsible
for the negative or very slow prog
reSs made" He lists number of
steps which h" believes necessary If
this elimination is to be carried out.
Suggests New Policy.
lie advocates tho reorganization of
the State Department and of th"
diplomatic service abroad. the for
uer to hr made more adaptable To
the requirements of ethcacious rria-
tions with the American republics.
the latter to correct DEFICIENCIES
noticed in the United states and
Especially notorious in the American
OF the Pan-Aemican Union should be
reCrganizcd and under the basis OF
these three reorganized machines, Il
new period of pan American work
should be started. which, with the
efficient and operative direction OF
Dr. L. s Rove. in whose talent prepi-
ration and sincerity South America
trusts. will lead this policy, TO the
-, &C. TOW TNl1
the true spirit of American loyalty
and solidarity"
DR.. Zeballos would have the United
States show less interest in promot-
ing pan-American activity, because
Of it's Interpretation in several Amer
lean republics as ambitious pressure
Of the United States. He would have
no interference in the internal IRE OF
instability. recommending that the
United States let them fry them
selves in their own gravy" He would
have the United States return 70
other republics, whose sovereignty -
limited by the United States. thetE
full Independence, and he calls Tor
reinforcement of declarations OF Sec
retary of state Hughes to the erect
that the United States does not m
tend TO interfere in the sovereign life
If the other American republics, nor
to take part OF their territories, nor
in any way harm their dignity ana
independence
Wants Visit by Hughes.
Among number of recommends
tiuns is one that SECRETARY hughes
visit the republics Of the River Plate
without any definite pan American
purpose. but as q matter OF courtesy
after his visit to Brazil. lie also
advocates tn" withdrawal imm"dl-
atciy of troops from SautO Domingo,
Haiti and Nicaragua. and tn" rrot"c-
tion Of NnrriCou interests in the
Ordinary form of international law.
Lastly. lie would have the nlt"d
states Withdraw the official character
Of the naval missions sent to other
republics "aS it is contradictory I"
American and to parliamentary ideals
to stimulate armed peace in the new
world which always keeps alive tho
dangers of war and interferes in the
several states with high and unsus-
nected purposes of conciliation and
mediation" He would have the mis-
sions follow their work only as
private agreement between govern
rentS and experts.