davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
France MSredd Britain
CFrom the New York Herald.)

France sees in Bonar Laws rep
arations proposals proof that in Brit
ain personalities may change. and
with them method and manner, but
that IN the long run national policy
remains unaltered.
When news OF Lloyd Georges fall
was received in Paris 1t was greeted
with cheers in the theatres. A
stranger might have imagined that
the French had won a splendid VIC
tory, so eXtravagant was the Joy OF
the public at the disappearance Of
the man who did more than anybody
else TO mobilize Britains lighting
strength in the war. Il had become
the custom to blame Lloyd George
FOR every disappointment suffered
by France in the vain attempts TO
apply to Germany the provisions OF
the Treaty of Versailles.
Frenchmen had persuaded them
selves that the British Prime Min
lister held office in direct opposition
to the country's wishes and that with
his departure from office all Franco
British differences over reparatlons
would be removed by acceptance in
England OF the French point Of view.
They refused TO heed the suggestion
that whoever might follow Lloyd
George would be ruled by the same
conditions that dictated the funda-
mental lines of the Welshman's pol
icy and that all they could reason
ably expect would be a difference in
the manner of presenting British
policy.
BY France. repanations, are treated
as being at least as much a political
as they are an economic question, for
ranking certainly equal with French
desire for restoration OF devastated
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
Immigration rs. assimilation
(From the New York Tribune)

back century or more, has helped
keep the aliens apart from the ma
tive born.
The contention of the restriction
lists is that even the present per-
centage OF foreign born in the coun-
try (1S.2 per cent Of the total popu-
lation and 14.4 per cent of the total
white population) is formidable.
Instead of adding more foreigners
unfamiliar with American ways,
they say. IL is better to absorb more
of those we already have.
America needs time in which to
accomplish this absorption. 1t is for
this reason that stringent limitation,
at least for O decade, is needed. The
present percentage basis, although
not necessarily final, presents the
fairest plan OF limitation so far
offered. It should certainly receive
a longer and fuller try-out before
amendments other than those cal
culated TO ease its operation are seri-
ously considered.
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
MAY VICTORY FOLLOW pEFEAr

GREATLY to the disappointment Of the faculty.
" student body and friends OF the University OF
Delaware. the basketball team OF that institution has
been defeated in the second game OF the season Its
opponent last evening the Brooklyn Poly team.
The score was 1s to H. striking fact that all
eleven points made by Delaware were scored by one
man-Jackson who made out Of fifteen free
throws and field goal
The first game of the with the Philadel-
phia Dental College team. and Delaware won.
The good wishes of everyone in Delaware will ac-
pany the Blue and Gold players this evening when
at Point they battle with the strong Army team.
II they succeed in defeating the Army will than
compensate for the defeat suffered in Brooklyn
Evening journal., 1923-01-06

Jeremiah NJ. Rusk, of Wisconf
Uncle Jerry" as he was known
the farmers throughout the coun
gave way to Morton, of Nebras
who was succeeded by James w
son, of Iowa. He served in the c;
met through successive administ
tions from 1889 to March 4, 19|
when President Wilson appoint
another man from the agricultl|
belt, Meredith. of Iowa whose s
cessor in the present Administrat
Secretary Wallace. is also from n
great agricultural Commonwealth
Some comment has been heard
connection with the selection oil
successor to Secretary Fall as
whether or not TIE choice woll
fall on a Republican who had bel
defeated in the recent elsctid|
There would appear 10 be no soul
reason for excluding for appoiI|
ment to any public Office, eith
within the Cabinet or outside of
an individual who has served 4
country and his party we'll. becaI
he has been defeated in an ele
tion.
Elections are not always dete
mined on the merits Of candidate
Sometimes they turn on issu
which for the moment may be u
popular with a given constituent
and the candidate standing with u
party and representing those issu
or policies finds himself with m
nority of the votes in his favor {
election day because he has be-
loyal TO his party and not becau
he is d!strusted, as an individual. I
his own people. Defeat under sue
circumstances should not exclul
from consideration for appointmei
to high political Office any ma
whose qualifications are such tn
he is entitled 10 be considered.
In other words. the so-eall,
lame duck" whose inhrmity ca
be traced to loyalty to and zeal f,
:he principles and policies Of III
party which he represents ought 1
rest easy in the conviction that IN
misfortune of a single election, 81
tained in that way, does not necel
sarily spell the close of his publ
life.
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
The Break at Paris
(From the Washington Post.)

irreconcilable. The French proposal
to cut down the sum total of repara-
tions is based, for instance, upon the
acceptance of German Glass c bonds
by Britain in payment OF the French
debt. As these bonds are worthless.
the proposal is rejected. The British
plan provides that financial super-
vision of Germany should be under a
foreign finance council" composed
Of members appointed by Great Bri-
tain, France, Italy, Belgium, the
United States, and a neutral country.
The chairman OF the council would
be the German finance minister. who
would have no vote except in case Of
a tie, in, which case he would have
the casting vote. This feature is
especially obnoxious 10 the French
government, which insists that II is
equivalent TO turning over to Ger
many the enforcement Of the Yer
sailles Treaty.
The British and French govern
ments having reached a deadlock
and the British premier having
withdrawn from the conference, it Is
ASpotttu lhaL lne trencn ana Bel
gian governments are exchanging
views in regard TO possible Joint ac-
ton. They are military allies. and
Belgium is bound 70 Cooperate with
France in the event OF military op-
erauons against Germany. The
French plan provides that the pen
atty for refusal TO accept It shall be
military occupation Of the districts
OF Essen and Bochum and all the
rest of the valley of the Ruhr, as ma
be decided upon by Marshal Foch.
and the establishment OF a customs
frontier around all the terrltory
occupied.
Italy's stand is not clearly defined.
beyond the effort OF the Italian del
egate TO induce the British TO accept
the French plan without the pro-
sion for military penalties. Whether
Italy will agree 20 the French plan
in full remains 70 be seen, but II is
plainly TO be seen that Premier Mus !
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
The Paris. Outcome
(FrOm the New York Tribune)

Tho Paris reparations conference
failed 70 reach a positive agree
ment But il may be said to have
broken the long reparstlons dead
lock by reaching a negative one. 1T
is an amicable RUPTURE" a British
spokesman said. France goes
ahead without us" In this sense
practical progress has been made
toward enforcing the Versailles
Treaty, since up to now Great Bri-
tain has never been willing to lift
her veto on separate action by
France.
Italy and Belgium have gravltated
away from the British and toward
the French view. Mussolini has not
such faith in German protastations
OF inability TO pay as Nittl and
Facta had. Great Britain is now
outvoted three to one in the Repa-
ration Commission. which is the le-
gally constituted organ for the en-
fOrcement OF the treaty. The Bri-
tish are bound by that document.
They are hardly in a position to
OF enforcing it. They are at lib
erty, however. TO observe enforce
ment from the side lines.
British diplomacy at the peace
conference inflated the German
reparatlon account by insisting on
the inclusion Of pensions and al
lotments. But from the signing OF
the treaty on Lloyd George brought
ell his ingenuity to hear to decrease
German payments. These have been
scaled down from time 70 time.
But the Allied ultimatum 10 Ger
any, carrying the Reparation Com
missions total, assessed as from
May /. 1921, still stands as the
financial penalty imposed upon the
Reich.
At London last month and in
Paris this month Great Britain
pressed for reductions and for what
amounted to a radical revision Of
the treaty as It now stands. France
offered to accept revision. particu-
larly Of the amount to be collect
ed from Germany. But she has
stood out for compensations in the
way OF absolute guaranties that
Germany will pay any reduced sum.
In this she has had the concurrence
of Belgium and Italy.
A remark made by Premier
Theunis OF Belgium illuminated the
in the conference. Dis
cusslng tho British proposals and
the sacrifices for Belgium and
Evening journal., 1923-01-06

The disagreement between Great
Britain and France, while it was ap-
pretended. is nevertheless a most
disagreeable development. There
were hopes that the two principal
allies would be able TO compose their
differences, in view of the fact that
they agreed upon the sum total
which Germany should pay. But
they have split upon the question of
method. This break appears 10 be
abrupt and irreparable, because Of
the fundamentally opposite theories
upon which the two governments
base their proposals.
The British proposition is based
upon the theory that Germany can
and will pay IL proper opportunity is
offered. In order 10 create this op-
portunity, the British government
thinks that German sovereignty
should not be unduly infringed. II
is suggested that II German territory
be occupied and German resources
be administered by the allies, there
will be no way of holding the Ger
man government TO account.
The French plan is based upon the
conviction that Germany will evade
payment If possible. and that safe
guards must be placed around any
arrangement for assisting Germany
TO recover her balance. Therefore
the French plan provides for an
allied commission. to collect taxes
on the coal production in the Ruhr.
to tax German exports, and also 10
tax imports into the Rhineland.
The commission would be presided
over by Frenchman. The latter
provision is especially obnoxious
TO the British who insist that
German severe, gnty would be so HUI
inflated by this arrangement that
Germany could not be expected TO
cooperate in the scheme, which
would fail 10 produce the
revenue counted upon by the French.
Many subordinate 5ut important
items in the two plans make them
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
The Making of Cabinets
(From the washington Post)

pointed Paul Morton. of Illinois. but
replaced him with Victor II. Met
calf; of California, who was sue
ceeded by Truman II. Newberry, of
Michigan, the first Secretary of the
Navy, to be appointed from the ter
ritOry OF the Great Lakes. Generally
speaking, Secretaries of the Navy
here have selected from the East,
and from States bordering on salt
water.
So with the Interior Department.
The first Secretary Of the Interior
was Thomas Ewing. of Ohio, ap-
pointed in Zachary Taylor's Cabinet
in 1s4s. At the time Ohio was the
real West, with all the problems of
development and protection of nat
ural resources no longer applicable
to territory east of the Mississippi
river. Subsequent Presidents fol-
lowed the star of empire and went
farther into the West for their Sec
retaries of the Interior. McClelland
of Michigan, Usher, OF Indiana, Har-
Ian, of Iowa, Zachariah Chandler,
OF Michigan, Carl Sohurz, of Missuri,
OF Iowa. Teller, Of Colo
rado, Villas, of Wisconsin. Noble,
Francis and Hitchcock, of Missouri,
Ballinger, of Washington, Franklin
X. Lane, of California, and lastly
Secretary Fall, who halls from New
Mexico-these form in part the i'm
posing list of those who have di-
rected the destinies OF the Depart
ment of the Interior for half CEN
tury.
In the period since the creation
OF the portfolio OF the Interior its
head has occasionally been chosen
from one OF the Eastern States, but
in the selection of Secretaries OF the
Interior II would appear that Presi-
dents have very generally recognized
that the great States OF the West
had a logical claim to special con-
In this analogy may be included
the Department of Agriculture.
which was created at the close of
the second Cleveland administration
IN 1889. The first Secretary Of Ag-
riculture was Norman J. Coleman,
Of Missouri. who was succeeded by
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
Another Reparutions
Conference Has Failed
CFrom the New York HERALD.

A startling break has come be-
tween Poincare and Bonar Law over
reparations. An agreement between
them at no time seemed probable,
but at no time did it seem possible
that so abrupt termination of dis
cussion in the Paris conference
could happen.
In this situation America owes It
10 herself and 20 the world to de-
mand that all this pickering that
gets nowhere be replaced by arbi-
tration, which. after all, is the com
nonsense and eminently fair me-
thod OF settling differences
France and Great Britain have
differed both as TO the amount OF
reparatlons to be obtained from Ger
many and the methods by which
payments. shall be obtained.
However lamentable such a re-
suit of the Paris conference of Pre-
miers may be, II is preferable that
the deep disagreements between
British and Continental policies
should be frankly Acknowledged
than that reparations should CON
tinue TO be the sport OF such am
S-n ttG7 NbiAPA pulantH anu ingenious
combinations as have marked their
treatment in the past Such COM
promises and combinations have
shown no way out OF the reparations
maze. They have served but to in
crease irritation between allies.
France made up her mind long
time ago as to her policy with re-
gard 10 Germany. Sooner or later
she would in any case have consid-
cred herself obliged TO take the
guarantees for German payment that
have proved unacceptable TO Britain.
Such being the case, the rupture has
at least this merit. that Il brings to
a head a crisis which could not per-
manently be avoided and which
grew in danger every further day
It was suppressed.
British and American economists
survey the prospect with the gravest
concern. They see in French action
Evening journal., 1923-01-06

France which they contemplated,
he said dryly: Perhaps Germany
might be called upon TO make some
effort" Germany's only serious ef-
forts so far have been to evade
payment. Is it not high time TO
make her realize that she must
show better faith than she has
shown or pass over TO her creditors
the task Of collecting what her own
government so obstinately with
holds?
1t would be a long step toward
an intelligent execution Of the
treaty IL France were to expert
ment with the means of coercion
put in her hands by Germany's de-
fault. VIII an economic occupa-
tion OF the Ruhr as we'll as the
Rhineland produce reparation pay
ments? Whether II does or Il does
not. It is better to let France try
her hand. II she is mistaken Il
will be easier for her to come
around hereafter TO Great Britain's
view.
In 1871 Germany held French
territory while the French were
paying the war indemnity. She oc-
cupied northeastern France. France
would occupy a corresponding por-
tion Of German territory. The
Germans did not have to collect
their own reparations. The French
have to, and the treaty allows them
to. There is nothing unusual or
disturbing In this-except to the
great German industrialists, who
have the Berlin government in their
power and have been egging Il on
10 nullify the treaty.
French rights are clear. German
bad faith is equally clear Poincare
Is entitled TO his experiment, which
may help TO bring tho Germans to
their senses. Until now they have
banked on an Allied deadlock to
Illustrate the treaty The Ruhr IL
their Jugular vein, Bonar Law said
in the conference. But will not
Germany drop at last her sullen
resistance and camouhage OF in
digence when she feels French
fingers near her throat?
These things are worth discover
ing. The Paris conference has
therefore been far from frultless
In giving France a free hand it has
apparently opened the way for an
other advance in the slow. awkward |
process by which German crimes |
are TO be punished and a new order,
based on the peace treaties, is TO |
be set up in EuroDe
Evening journal., 1923-01-06

The forthcoming retirement OF
the Secretary of the Interior. Hon.
Albert B. Fall. on March next,
brings TO mind many interesting
points regarding the selection of
members of the Cabinet. Mr.. Fall
has found It necessary to assume
personal direction of his business
affNirs-a call that can not be lon
ger ignored. The President will lose
a strong. virile and sagacious ad-
wiser, but he will not lose a
friend. The two men are too close
friends to be parted by the exigen-
cies of politics or business. A re-
markable tribute 20 the retiring
member of the Cabinet is to be
found in the informal admission by
President Harding that he had
urged Mr.. Fall TO take a place on the
United States Supreme Court. The
Secretary of the Interior leaves
office with the respect of all his
associates and with the best wishes
of the people.
Although there may be sugges-
tions from the Presidents friends
uo " lud dNdlldDlllly OF lnulNluudl5
as Secretary Falls successor, there
will be comparatively little gratui-
tous advice for the selection of an
adviser holding such intimate and
confidential relations can not be
made a matter of political pressure.
The President is entitled to select
his own Cabinet without reference
to political claims.
Apparently the question of terri
torial availability enters into the
selection OF certain Cabinet mem
bers. For example. Secretary Of the
Navy for many years was selected
from one OF the States on the At
lantic seaboard. In the first Lincoln
administratration-to go no further
back-Gideon Welles of Connect
cut, headed that department, and he
was succeeded by Robson, OF New
Jersey, Chandler, of New Hamp-
shire, Whitney and Tracy, Of New
York, Long, Moody and Meyer, of
Massachusetts,. NJ Bonaparte. OF Mary
land, and Josephus Daniels. Of
North Caroline. President Roose-
gelt in his first administration ap-
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
TOP OF THE MONEY HILL

7 As the average man has more money than he ever
- had betore-or will have again. The top OF
the money hill lives is the fortyhfth birthday.
From them on. IT'S usually down hill trip And fewer
have 500 as than 25, though they've
had htty more years for accommodating,
These figures announced by Joseph J. Devney'
Insurance man. after investigation helped by 1000
bankers
The lesson behind It all Is that the person is
money failure. and that succeed you have TO do
better than the average r work thrift Judgment and
cunning 7
Evening journal., 1923-01-06

the certainty that German credit
the restoration of which they deem
to be essential TO the economic and
social recovery Of Europe. will be
still further impaired. and that
France, by acting in the face of the
opinion Of those countries which are
the real money centers of the world.
may well endanger her own financial
standing.
While it is difficult to discern ex-
actly what will be the political eff
fects of this first definite breakdown
of cooperation between France and
Britain, cooperation coneecrated in
a million graves, there are never
theless two things that are clear.
In the first place. BOnar Law
whose sympathy France is un-
feigned and sincere, will do his ut
most 10 confine the disagreement to
this one point, and will strive TO
continue in other matters the coop
Grafton OF the past. Nevertheless.
the break is bound TO have a pro-
found and lasting effect upon peo-
pies minds on both sides OF the
Channel. Many persons in England,
and Bonar Law is among them,
have watched with envy the free
dom of America from the coils of
European entanglements. Indeed,
when France threatened not to
support British action in the
Straits, Bonar Law spoke plainly of
Britain initiating the United States
and restricting her attention TO the
more immediate interests Of the
empire.
While II needs romantic eye to
see Britain as an Atlantic Power, and
not as a Continental Power, and not
as London cablegrams suggested yes
terday II does not require any great
stretch of imagination to conceive
that the Paris breakdown may lead
to lessening Britain's concern in
purely Continental affairs and to a
corresponding growth in her inter-
est in developing her imperial re-
sources
Evening journal., 1923-01-06

districts is frances conception OF its
need OF military security. Island
Britain has no such political and
military considerations to put in the
balance against the demand for its
industrial population for employ
ment and the necessity Of putting an
end to parsdoxical conditions that
have made the State comparatively
rich at the expense of the impover-
ished taxpayer.
This statement OF the British stu
alton is as true today as II was a
year ago. and no change OF Premiers.
no general elections could alter II
Bonar Laws plan has aroused IN
Paris the criticism that even Llovd
George would not have dared 10 nut
forward such drastic proposals for
settlement OF the reparations and
the interallied debt. This opinion is
probably right. for one OF the causes
OF British dissatisfaction with LLOYD
George was embodied in the asser-
tlon that in nearly every conference
his courage failed him at the last
moment, and he sacrificed his free
dom OF action TO his own art of sub
tie compromise.
France would do we'll TO ponder
tho fact that whatever suspicious OF
pro-German leaning may attach TO
the old school of British Liberalism.
no one can reasonably charge British
Conservatives with an intention to
let Germany on lightly. Least of all
could such a charge be reasonably |
brought against Bonar Law, whose
two sons were lost in the war. 1t is |
perfectly within the rights OF France |
TO differ from the British attitude. !
but since the submission OF the Brit
ish plan, she can no longer be in any
doubt as 20 what that attitude is.
Evening journal., 1923-01-06

The present discussion about les
sening the restrictions upon imml-
grafton seems 10 overlook the fact
that the main purpose Of limitation
is TO give the country time to assim-
Hate its enormous numbers of for
eign born.
Since 1850 nearly 100000 Ger
mans, more than the same number
Of Italians, about 100000 Russians
and about 100000 Austro-Hup-
garians have come into this country.
There have been besides many mill
lions OF other foreigners. With the
growing tendency on the part Of the
newcomers to settle in colonies, the
contact with American life and in
stitutions has necessarily been less
and the process of assimilation
correspondence slower. Unfortu-
nately the attitude Of the native
Americans has only too often made
assimilation more difficult. Their
dislike OF foreigners. which goes
Evening journal., 1923-01-06
REGULATION OF RADIO.

From the Washington Post.
The hearings before the House
merchant marine committee on the
White Federal radio control
bill have proved illuminative and
interesting. They have established,
even to the Tninitiated the existence
OF a state of bedlam in the air
which, II not speedily brought to an
end. will render valueless for prac-
teal purposes what at first gave
promise of being a most useful in
vention. The trouble appears TO be
that there are too many broadcast!ng
stations in operation. There are 569
OF them, and It is from them that
IN the air largely comes.
II is no wonder that there is chaos
when Jazz bands, sermons. crop re-
ports, sporting results, concerts and
many other things besides are run
simultaneously on the same wave
lengths, and Il IS easy 10 understand
that in the absence OF regulation the
useful possibilities OF the whole art
of wireless would run serious risk OF