davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30
RETAILING OVERDEVELOPED
ACCORDING TO HASKIN
Daily Letter by Frederic j. Haskin

the dollar, F1tty-nins cents go for
distr' button.
These heavy charges which have
nothing 20 do with production but
represent only the cost OF market
ing, hold everywhere along the line
from farm to Il BILE. The cornm's"
sion has analysed the cost of man
u%facturing and marketing, az far
along as the wholesaler, eight Sc
lected food commodities. The
analysis is part .cularly valuable be-
cause it shows the trend of all .nese
costs since 1918. In each dollar
received by the manufacturers of
these eight commodities in 1918,
they paid As cents for the raw
materials; in 1921 they paid only
A. cents
Freight Rates Almost Doubled
Their cost of manufacture OF the
dollars worth of product increased
neary FIVE cents IL the eight years.
The selling cost remained practi-
cally the same, LITTER having been
reduced during the war years. Ad-
vertising cost dropped off over 3
cents and profits were reduced TWO
cents. But transportation charges
increased nearly five cents. almost
doubling, while taxes also showed a
two cent increase.
The significant thing In this
analysis is that the manutsc 'urera'
actual production cost of materials
sold for one dollar was acout 60
cents. The remaining 40 cents paid
for distribution and gave them their
profit.
The wholesalers after the manu-
facturers, had a distribution and
service expense, amounting to about
10 cents of each dollar they receiv-
ed from the retailers. In Fact. their
distribution charges were relatively
so large that they were able to saw
themselves scarcely any profit al
all, the average Profit CT 2.5 cents
in each dollar received in 1918
pinch ng out to an actual loss in
1920 and 1921.
The retail grocers' operating ak
penses have shown an increase
since 1918. In that year.. of every
dollar they took in about is cents
went to pay operating expenses; in
1921 their operating expense swat
lowed about II cents of every dollar
of receipts. Their 1913 dollar gave
them 6.5 cents profit; their present
dollar Of receipts gives them only
2,5 cents profit.
One OF the chief elements OF cost
to the retailer. 1t is found, is the
investment tied UP in stock. The
competition of manufacturers who
through advertising and through
their demonstrators and statesmen
induce the retail grocer to buy more
than. his trade warrants is held to
be the chief element creating this
expense for him, The average gro
Ger turns his stock over eight times
in a year. That means that he al
ways carries stock enough to sup
ply his trade for 81 weeks and a
half. The commission thinks he
should turn owe his stock sixteen
times a year and carry only a two
weeks supply.
The ideal that will tend to reduce
distribution costs and bring down
prices, according TO the report,
would be the steady eve flow of
commodities from the farms
through the factories and ware
houses to the consumers, always in
gust the quantity in which they can
be consumed. Legislation cannot
accomplish this, but it must result
from the cooperation of producers,
dealers and consumers.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30
Geographic News
Bulletins By the
National Geographic Society
III MURNAN COAST

The questioning recently of British
fishermen's right to fish along the
Thurman coast almost led to O. clash
between Russians and British in
those far north waters, and the Bri-
fish decided to send a war vessel to
the region for future protection.
Something Of this land on the fourth
sea which Russia touches is told in
the following bulletin from the
Washington, d. c.. headquarters of
the National Geographic Society.
When it is realized hat the Muir
nan coast is on the Arctic ocean,
one naturally pictures a frozen
waste, with even a solid sea in win
ter" says the bulletin. But the
long arm of the Gulf Stream,
stretched across the Atlantic, around
the northern tip of Europe, and
along the coast just beyond, makes
the Arctic waters which battle the
northern end of Norway and the
nearby strip of Russia more truly
Atlantic waters. This is an open
coast the veal round while Arctic
waters to the east and the CULTS of
the Baltic far to the south are frozen
solidly for many months.
Another Three-Mile Limit
Foreign fishermen have been
making the most of this region of
iceless waters. where in the proper
season, schools of cod, herring and
salmon abound. Chiefly, the fishing
vessels are those of British and Nor
wegians who have maintained that
they have the right to carry on their
trade outside the three-mile limit.
This, the Russians dispute, and have
arrested boats nine miles off shore.
1.-The Russian fishermen of the
Thurman coast are a nomadic lot
who live along the coast in the
spring and summer and desert the
country in winter.
Labor Army Built Railroad
'"rhe Thurman coast was practical
ly unknown to the outside world
until the blockade of the Baltic and
Black seas during the World War
made necessary dependence on the
unused possible doorway in the
north. An army of 1905 900 Iaborers
was set to work pushing a railroad
from Petrograd to the port of Muir
Inanx, where in an inlet 80 miles
harbor free from both currents and
ice, the largest ocean freighters
could dock. In spite of the greatest
engineering difficulties through a
country of boys by summer and ice
by winter, the line was completed,
but only a little while before the
Russian revolution came to make it
useless.
Several thousand American
'doughboys' were sent to the Muir
ms coast with British, French and
Italian contingents. to hold the rail-
roads OF the region, and spent long
months in the cherries region.
When the wartime population left,
the country slipped back. and now
except for the railroad villages Is al
most as sparsely settled as before. A
few Lapps live scattered owe the
Kola Peninsula whose northern edge
forms the Thurman coast, lively
largely on their reindeer. AS in
many Arctic regions, mosquitoes are
a serious pest along the Thurman
coast in summer, and even the rein
deer flee to the interior highlands to
get away from them"
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

@. Why do volcanoes usually oc-
cur along the sea coasts?-E. H. L.
A. Volcanoes are found where
the earth's crust Is of inferior
strength. These areas actually are
ocean basins of bordering
them, or the mountains marking or
thanking the outlines Of continents.
Q. Was Darwin ever a Christian?
A. As a young man. Darwin was
a Christian and even contemplated
taking orders. After he began to re-
fleet on the subject of religion, he
stated that disbelief crept over me
at a very slow rate, but was at last
complete" His attitude may be des-
cribed as that of a tolerant agnos-
tic.
@. How many newspapers were
there in Colonial times?-A. M. w.
A.. At the outbreak of the Rev
dictionary War. the colonies had "a
newspapers.
@. How does the number OF
words in the dictionary compare
with the number in the vocabulary
of the average man?-K. M. A.
A. New dictionaries contain
ABOUT 4OU,UUU Words. Inc NocdpuidIy
of the average educated person sell
dom exceeds $500 words.
@. When did the custom OF toll
ing a bell when a person dies origt-
nate?-M. M.
A. The usage of toiling q bell
while the soul is said to be passing
from the earth is at least as old in
England as the days of the Vener-
able Bede, 673-7S5, who tells us that
at the death of Saint Hilda, one of
the nuns at a distant convent
thought she heard the sound of the
passing-bell calling her and her
companions to prayer.
Q. What IL the differences In the
use Of the words farther and fur
ther?-P. N.
A. Farther should be used to in
dictate actual distance. Further sig
miles quantity or degree. IT can
jump farther than that" II shall
investigate further"
@. Are there any birds that have
teeth?-R. Il,
A. No species Of birds now living
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30
Oueaions-Answe

Any reader can get the answer to
any question by writing The Perth
Amboy Evening New Information
Bureau. Frederick j. Hasktn. Oirec"
tor. Washington. D. G. This offer ap-
plies strictly to information. The
Bureau cannot give ADVICE on legal.
medicinal and financial troubles. II
does not attempt to settle domestic
troubIeE uor to undertake ezhaus-
tive research on any subject. Write
your question plainly and briefly.
Give full name and address nd en-.
close two cents In stamps for sturn
postage. All eplies ae sent direct
to the inquirer.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30
SEVERE DUG AFTER
TNETHENZA

After an attack of the FLU"
which left me with a severe cough
nothing seemed to relieve me until I
writes Mrs. x. d. Drake, Childs,
used Foley's Honey and Tar"
Maryland. Coughs resulting from
Influenza. Whooping Cough,
Asthma, Group. La Grippe and
Bronchitis r quickly relieved with
Foley's Honey and Tar. Contains
no opiates-ingredients printed on
the wrapper. Largest selling cougl,
medicine in the World. Sold every
where.-Adv.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

The Capitol at Washington covers
$4,000 square feet and no telling
how many squareheads.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

We like Mr.. Coue and his auto
suggestion rhymes, but doesn't EIu-
rope need him worse than we do?
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30
Bible Thought For Today

~ ALMIGHTY PROTECTION:-H that dweleth in the Sc
cret place of the Most High shall abide under the shadow of the
Almighty.-Psalm Gil.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

New Hampshire legislator would
make eight hours sleep compulsory.
Don't let it keep you awake.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

France is building q gun to shoot
60 miles and this may not be looking
so very far ahead.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Three Florida fishermen drifted Ii
days and lived on beer alone. proving
wishes do come true.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Only four more income tar pay
ments before Christmas.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Talk about your ups and downs. a
Tennessee vagrant gave his vocation
as miner and st~eeplejack.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Think Of the money We save every
winter on fly swatters.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Wine and beer advocates are ad-
vertising for a song. How would
'Beerilly we roll a log" do?
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Every week has too many days TO
work on all OF them.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

A Kalamazoo (Mich.) man post
which may fit him for married life.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Times are so hard the U. 3. bought
only $7,618.SSS worth of diamonds
from England last year,
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

We are not so much interested in
what well-dressed men will wear as
n what hard-pressed men will wear.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Kansas City man had two wives
in the same house. Rents are en-
tirely too high elsewhere also.
Baseball clubs are busy signing
up heavy hitters, which shows they
already have some heavy thinkers.
Think Of the money ws save every
winter on fly swatters.
The Capitol at Washington covers
$500 square feet and no telling
how many squareheads.
We like Mr.. Coue and his auto
suggestion rhymes, but doesn't EIu-
rope need him worse than we do?
Talk about your ups and downs, a
Tennessee vagrant gave his vocation
as miner and steeplejack.
France is building a gun to shoot
60 miles and this may not be looking
SO very far ahead.
Wine and beer advocates are ad-
vertising for a song. How would
"Beerilly we roll a log" do?
Dempsey. ex-pugilist, says he will
not ight for less than $500,00
Takes too much to make him mad.
There is as much trouble as
there could be. This time mex year
we will be choosing a president.
Income taxes and outgo taxes get
our money coming and going.
-
We are not so much interested in
what well-dressed men will wear as
n what hard-pressed men will wear.
Three Florida fishermen drifted II
days and lived on beer alone, proving
wishes do come true.
New Hampshire legislator would
make eight hours sleep compulsory.
Don't let it keep you awake.
A Kalamazoo (Mich.) man post
poned his honeymoon to go TO Jail.
which may fit him for married life.
Times are so hard the U. 3. bought
only $7,61S,3SS worth of diamonds
from England last year.
Clothing designers propose feath-
ers for mems spring hats. And msn
will wear them while laughing at
women's styles.
Our idea Of a. good time is wonder
ing If we would know a good time If
there were no bad times,
In spite of all the things movie
stars have to cry about, they still use
glycerine for tears.
Every week has too many days to
work on all of them.
Only four more income tar pay
ments before Christmas.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Clothing designers propose feath-
ers for mems spring hats. And men
will wear them while laughing at
women's styles.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

NATIONAL CASH REGISTER 60.
"KREBS" only authorized agent 70
Middlessx County; nav and second hand
Cash Registers on monthly payments
Repairs. supplies. 10 west @SaaA Street
Mtxsbeth. n J.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Income taxes and outgo taxes gel
our money coming ana going.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Dempsey. ex-pugilist, says he will
not fight for less than $500, 900.
Takes too much to make him mad.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

There w is as much trouble as
there could be. This time next year
we will be choosing a president.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

In spite of all the things movie
stars have to cry about, they still use
~glycerine for tears.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Our idea of a. good time is wonder
ing If we would know a good time If
there were no bad times,
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Baseball clubs are busy signing
heavy hitters, which shows they
already have some heavy thinkers.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-01-30

Kansas City man had two wives
in the same house. Rents are en-
tirely too high elsewhere also.
Evening star., 1923-01-26
STILL PUZZLE,
SAYS F|L|PP|, HERE
Monsignor From Mexico, on Way
to Rome, Disclaims Po.
litical Activities.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Mgr. Ernesto E. Filippi, deported
from Mexico, where he had been sta
toned as papal delegate, will remain
in Washington four or five days be-
fore proceeding to Rome to submit a
report to Cardinal Gaspari, secretary
of state at the Vatican. 1t was indi-
Gated at the papal legation that fu-
ture relations between the Vatican
and the Mexican government would
be determined after the report is sub
mitted.
Mgr. Filippi. who arrived here
Wednesday night, declared he was
still entirely puzzled" as to the rea-
sons which induced President Obre-
gon to demand his retirement. His
participation in a religious ceremony
connected with the laying of a cor
ner stone of a new cathedral. which
was said to constitute violation of
Mexican laws against holding of re-
ligious services by foreign prefates,
Evening star., 1923-01-26

gas bill. The defendant denied that he
had assaulted the woman and the court
believed him.
Evening star., 1923-01-26

Severe Colds Lead to
Influenza Get rid of your cold by
taking Father Johns Medicine.-Ad-
Vertisement
Evening star., 1923-01-26
WILL TAKE CADET TEST.

On the nomination of the District
Commissioners. the War Department
has authorized William H. Hunter of
1881 Newton street. William +. Pence.
1852 Mintwocd place, first alternate,
and John f. Revelle, $50 G street. sec
ond alternate, to take the entrance ex-
animation to the Military Academy in
March, with view to their admission
July >.
and Durand c. Bazire, son of Capt
Charles |. Bazire, Quartermaster Corps,
Fort Bragg. N. c., have been appointed
by the President as cadets at-large at
the Military Academy. and also will
take the March entrance examination.
Evening star., 1923-01-26
farm CREDITS BILL
AGAIN UP IN SENATE
Administration Leaders to
Urge Action on Lenroot-
Anderson Measure.
PROVISIONS EXPLAINED
Chairman of Banking Committee
Introduces Resolution to Extend
Credits, Benefits to Agriculturists.

Farm credits legislation was again
taken up in the Senate yesterday aft
ernoon, with the Lenroot-Anderson
bill under discussion. This Is the
second measure on the subject OF
farm credits which the administra-
ton leaders propose to press for ac-
ton at this session. That 1t will lead
to considerable debate is the predic-
tion Of senators on both sides Of the
chamber.
Senator Lenroot, republican, Wis
consin, co-author Of the credit bill
and member of the joint congressional
agricultural commission, opened the
discussion, citing support for the bill
given by farm organizations ana ex-
planning it's provisions, which would
go further, he said, toward providing
credits to farmers than the Capper
bill, passed by the Senate recently
Chairman McLean's Proposal.
Coincident with the starting of the
debate, Chairman Mclean OF the bank :
ing committee introduced a resolu-
ton designed to open further the
gates of credit to agriculturists. His
resolution, which went over, proposed
a joint congressional committee to
investigate why more banks and trust
companies have not Joined the federal
reserve system. The commission
would inquire especially into agri-
cultural credit necessities by ascer-
tanning financial conditions in agri-
cultural sections" and whether the
federal reserve law or the rules and
regulations of the Federal Reserve
Board should be changed to induce
small banks in rural districts to join
the federal system.
Recommend Due in 1924.
Recommendations to Congress would
he made in a report by the commits
sion not later than January 81, 1924.
The resolution recited that 9.640
banks and trust companies. compris-
ing 85 per, cent of those eligible, had
not joined the reserve system.
Evening star., 1923-01-26

die Clifford Shelton, thirty-two, Gin
cinnau negro. convicted Of the murder
Of Policeman William H. Dieters, in
Cincinnati, August 2S, 1918, was electro
cuted at 1903 o'clock this morning at
the Ohio penitentiary. He fatty refused
to discuss the crime.
Evening star., 1923-01-26
DAUGHTER FIGHTS WILL.
Files Caveat Against Bequests Of
Late Whitman Osgood.

Mrs. Rose o. Brilliant of Philadel-
phia, Pa. yesterday filed in the Pro-
bate Court a caveat against the ad-
mission to probate of the will of her
father, Whitman Osgood, printer and
publisher. who died November, "a,
last
The estate is valued at 100000, and
the bulk of it is left to Osgod's second
wife, Thalia P. Osgood. Mrs, Brilliant
says her interests will be adversely
affected if the will is allowed TO
stand. She charges that at the time
of making the will-three days be-
fore his death-her father was men,
tally incompetent and that undue in
f1uenece was practiced on him by
the second wife or some other person
Attorneys Frank ]. Hogan, Will
liam II. Donovan and Edmund L.
Jones appear for the daughter, who
is given no part of the estate by the
will.
Evening star., 1923-01-26

he added, was an Insignificant mat
ter. He disclaimed any participation
in Mexican political movements.
While in Washington, Mgr. Filippi
indicated, he will make no official
calls on American diplomatic officials.
Evening star., 1923-01-26
ACQUITTED OF ASSAULT.

Rev. Solomon Watcher, 1406 10th
street northwest, charged with making
an assault with a piece of lead pipe on
Bessie Ross, tenant in his home, was
acquitted in the United States branch
Evening star., 1923-01-26
FARM ASSOCIATIONS FAIL.

The Department of Agriculture
yesterday made public a survey in
dicating that failure of 200 of the
243 Farmers Buying and Selling as
sociations since 1913 was due. in part.
to insufficient business. Other rea-
sons for the failures were listed as
inefficient management. affecting 148
organizations; insufficient capital, 73:
overextension of credit, 35: dishonest t
management, %, and concentrated
control by few members, IL.
Evening star., 1923-01-26

Of Police Court yesterday by Judge Nc
Mahon. The evidence showed that the
trouble arose over the adjustment of
New Britain herald., 1923-07-24
WALL STREET STOCK
 EXCHANGE REPORTS

Prices strengthened some in the second hour but advances generally left stocks fractionally lower than closing quotations yesterday. Much of the selling was traceable to cir- culation of a pessimistic interview on European conditions by a prominent banker just back from abroad. Steel shares continued under pressure. Gulf States declining 1 Is, Call money opened at A per cent.
 Wall Street 10:S0-Opening prices in today's stock market continued yesterdays irSegular course. Rails, oils and the steel shares receded frac- tionally while many miscellaneous industrial stocks improved. Burns Bros. B, North American pfd. and Madison recorded gains of a point each.
 1:30 p. m.-Persistent selling of the steels, equipments. rails and oils, re- suited in a spread of the downward movement to other parts of the lists in the early afternoon. Central Leath- CT pfd., dropped 31s and the con- mon 1la despite a favorable earning statement for the first six months of the year. Other large losses included DuPont AZ, Baldwin 2 S-s, May Dept. Stores ? and Bethlehem and Gulf States steels < each. Middle West and Western railroads were pushed down to 5-s points and Studebak- CT dropped i 3-S
New Britain herald., 1923-07-24
KHAN INITIATES 652
Rented Field at Hackensack For
 Sunday School Picnic'

Hackensack, N. J.. July 24.-Depu- ty Sheriff Joseph Winters, who lives in Paramusboro, brought word to Hackensack yesterday of the initiation of 652 candidates of the Ku Klux Klan in a midnight ceremony in the woods near his home. Fully 2,000 members and friends of the organiza- ton from Hudson, Passaic and Essex counties and many from New York were among the spectators, he de- clared
 A fiery cross was carried at the head of the parade of the candidates around the field, and when the cere- mony was ended a huge wooden cross, 50 feet high and erected on prominent knoll, was set on fire. It was o'clock before the last of about 300 autos left the field. Theodore Dunn, one of the owners of the field, said that the man who held it said he wanted place for Sunday school gathering.
New Britain herald., 1923-07-24
EncircIe Globe in 280
 Hours Flying in the Air

Lisbon, July 20.--Colonel Sacca- dura Cabral. one of the Portuguese aviators who flew from Lisbon to Rio de Janiero, referring recently to his project of flying around the world, said his itinerary would be divided into three parts.
 The first would be from Lisbon to Japan, 9,S70 miles; second. Japan to Newfoundland, 7,5S0 miles; third Newfoundland to Lisbon by way of Fayal and Punta Delgada. LAO miles,
 On the basis of an average speed of 70 miles an hour, the aviator would expect to spend 2S0 hours in the air.