davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Fngland's Live Stock
Is Denied Admission
Kept Out Because Of Foot
and Mouth Disease.

prepared by the United States Department
OF Agriculture.)
Because of the persistence of foot
and-mouth disease in England, the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture has been unable to lift the ban
against the importation Of live stock
from that country. American import
ers of live stock had hoped that the
outbreak of the disease which occurred
on April % would be the last, and the
department had given them reason to
believe that permits for bringing in
cattle, sheep, and swine from England
would be issued after July 1, but the
report of a new outbreak made it
necessary to continue the embargo.
This action of the department is
hardship on American importers who
would bring in stock from England,
but the welfare of the entire livestock
industry in the United States demands
that the utmost care be exercised in
keeping out such a dangerous enemy
as foot-and-mouth disease. No impor-
tations of ruminants and, swine are
permitted from countries where this
plague is well established. In coun-
tries where there are occasional out
breaks, England for example, the en-
tire country must be free for period
Of 60 days before shipments may be
made to this country.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Poultry Producers Now
Favoring Infertile EGG

The heat of summer has exactly the
same effect upon fertile eggs as does
the hen or the incubator used to hatch
them. The fertile germ in hot weather
quickly develops into a blood ring
which spoils the egg for food or mar
ket purposes. Heat is the great en-
envy of eggs, both fertile and In
fertile. On this account poultry pro-
ducers are urged to keep nests clean
during warm weather; to provide one
nest for every four fowls, in order that
the nests may not be used too often
and soil the eggs; to gather eggs twice
daily to keep eggs in cool, dry room
or cellar; to market eggs. at least twice
a week.
Hens isolated on range and pasture
from the male birds produce infertile
eggs Of desirable market quality. In
general, about two weeks after the
ROSTERS are removed from the flock
the hens will again yield infertile eggs.
Occasionally hens running with male
birds produce infertile eggs, but as a
rule this results from the fowls being
confined too closely, being oyerfat, or
not having access to enough green
feed.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
LOW-Grade Fruit
Should Be Dried
Serves to Increase Returns
by Utilizing Product Ex-
Guided From Market.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
The practice of evaporation Of fruits
when developed in any given territory
serves to increase orchard returns by
converting fruit excluded from market
grades by superficial blemishes into
galable products and to maintain fresh
fruit prices by absorbing portion Of
the marketable grades in years Of
Overproduetion The drying Of fruits
as practiced at the present time is
largely farm industry carried on by
the gruit growers themselves as a part
of the routine of harvesting and dis
posing of the crop. The plants in
which the work is done are mainly
small, their size being most frequently
determined by the size Of the own
er's orchard, and there is great di-
versity in the drying apparatus, the
accessory equipment, and the details
of drying methods employed, with
consequent absence of definite stand
ardizatfon of the product This would
be expected in view of the fact that
252,2S9 farms reported the production
of dried fruits in the census Of 1919.
The primary need of the industry is
for such a Standardization Of equip
ment and application of labor-saving
devices to the handling of the mate
rial as will enable the production of
better grade Of product at lower costs.
Types of Evaporators.
Various types of artifcially heated
sevaporators found by test of actual
use to be best suited to specific pur-
poses are described in detail in De
partment Bulletin 1141, just issued by
the United States Department of Ag-
riculture on evaporation of fruits The
bulletin includes a description of model
installations of labor-saving machinery,
as well as somewhat full discussion
of improved methods of handling the
various fruits in preparation for dry
ing as well as during the drying proc
ess. The drying installations are the
most modern in character. but are of
such moderate size and cost as to be
suited to the means and needs of a
particular case.
Community Plant Suggested.
IN many communities in which grow
ing of fruit is not a primary industry
the aggregate quantity of unmarked
able fruit may be such as to make adj
visable the construction of COM
munity drying plant to which every
grower in the vicinity may bring his
surplus to be worked up. A number
of considerations, which should be
kept clearly in mind when the project
of a community or cooperative evapo-
rator is under discussion, are men
toned. Those interested in the sub
ject Of evaporation of fruits will find
this bulletin of value and may secure
n copy as long as the supply lasts by
addressing the United States Depart
nent of Agriculture, Washington, D. G.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Glover or Grass Sod Big
Help for Potato Plant

Fertilization of the potato crop by
clover sod is a matter of major impor-
lance on new clay soils low in humus,"
says M. J. Thompson, superintendent
of the northeast Minnesota experiment
station. A summary by Mr.. Thompson
Of seven years Of potato work shows
that clover or grass sod is the cheap
est and most important factor in pota-
to production on heavy clay SOIL
when pastured the previous yea" "
says the superintendent, 'sthe largest
yield occurred; when the hay crop was
plowed under, the yield dropped nine
bushels, and when the hay crop was
harvested, the yield dropped 25 BUSH
els" An experiment made in 1922 in
dicates that early planting is to be
preferred. Potatoes planted June 5
produced only SO per cent as much as
stock planted May 20; the June 20
crop was So per cent and the July
crop so per cent of the yields from the
May 20 plots. Not only were the
yields of the later paintings inferior,
but the quality was below standard.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Much Improvement Of
Kentucky Live Stock
Chief Work of Association
Is Eradicating Scrubs.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Rapid Improvement of live stock in
Kentucky is taking place largely as 8
result of the Live Stock Improvement
association, formed last winter through
the agencies of the State College of
Agriculture and the Louisville Live
Stock exchange. In recent letter to
the United States Department of Agri-
culture, Wayland Rhoads, field agent
in animal husbandry In Kentucky, de-
scribes the activities of the organiza-
ton which includes among it's men,
bers bankers, commission men, live
stock breeders and farmers
"The main idea of the association"
he states, sis the improvement of live
stock in Kentucky, and the chief line
of work will be in graduating scrub
sires and putting in pure breds. At
present we have one full-time field
man with the association. He is an
old auctioneer, and In the past has
been largely instrumental in promot-
ing pure bred livestock sales. We
have decided here to use any or all
means toward livestock improvement
and big change is already being
noted"
The results of the associations ac-
tivities are evident also in the records
Of the Better Sires-Better Stock"
campaign, conducted by the states
and the department. In an active ten
days campaign with meetings and
farm visits in Union county, Kentucky,
the number of persons using pure bred
sires exclusively on their farms in
creased from 70 to go. Similar work
is in progress in several other coun-
ties. Every person enrolling in the
better-sires campaign receives suit
able emblem of recognition showing
his participation in livestock improve
ment work.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Destroy Weeds in Soy
Bean Field While Young

Farmers who are growing soy beans
will find that it is highly important to
kill the weeds while the plants are
very young. Crops men at Iowa State
college recommend cultivating the
young beans with the common harrow,
rotary hoe or weeder. Soy beans are
very hardy plants and, except for the
time when they are just coming
through the ground and are making
their first two inches of growth, they
may be narrowed regularly without
being damaged. The college men adj
wise cultivating often until the beans
are eight to ten inches high. Special
care should be given the cultivation
when the beans are eight to ten inches
tall.
A rotary hoe or weeder is effective
in cultivating the beans and has an adj
vantage over the harrow in that it can
be used throughout a longer season.
The important thing, however, is to
keep the weeds out, regardless of the
implement used.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Raspberries Subject to
Troublesome Ailments

The red raspberry, as well as the
blackcap, is subject to number of
diseases, neglect of which may prove
to be quite troublesome, but If healthy
plants are secured, it should be pos
sible to keep the plantation In a
healthy condition for quite a number
OF yea 5, and they will be found quite
remunerative.
It is not quite uncommon to find
fields of the blackcap raspberries
which have been fruiting for ten or
more years and which are practically
free from raspberry diseases.
Many of the failures are due to
planting upon unsuitable locations.
Sometimes the soil is poorly drained,
which is always fatal to the growth
Of the plants, and in other cases the
plants are set on light sandy soils al
most devoid of humus and plant food.
1t can hardly be expected that good
results will be obtained, especially as
the plants growing under these con-
ditions are not likely to receive the
care that would be given them when
they are yielding profitable crops.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Chase Sour Cherry Most
Satisfactory at Geneva

The Chase sour cherry, believed to
have originated near Riga, Monroe
county, New York, has proved so sat
isfactory on the grounds of the ex-
pertinent. station at Geneva that the
station fruit specialists are recon-
mending that it be planted in place Of
English Morello, the standard late sour
cherry for North America. The Chase
is described as being of the same type
Of cherry as the Morello, but with
fewer faults.
s4The trees of the Chase are larger,
healthier, more spreading, and the
branches do not droop as do those Of
Morello,' says the station horticulture
ist. 1.-THE leaves are larger and the
fruit better distributed The cherries
are larger, possess the same dark color
and shape Of the Morello, except with
a deeper cavity, and ripen little
earlier, but are much milder in flavor
and therefore pleasanter to eat out Of
hand than the sour, astringent Morel-
10. The Chase is an improved Morel-
10 and should be planted in place OF
that well-known variety"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Recognize Importance
of Pure Bred Females
Shown Most Conspicuously
in Case Of Hogs.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.1
In the Improvement of live stock, a
movement which is being accelerated
by various states and the United
States Department of Agriculture
through the Better Sires-Better
Stock" campaign, the sire exerts the
greater influence, but, once the grading
up process has been started, the impOr-
lance of well-bred dams must be rec
ognized. 1t is only through the use
Of pure bred females that it is possible
to preserve and carry on the full value
of good sires. A pure bred sire and a
pure bred dam are necessary to repro
duce a pure bred, which maintains an
unbroken stream of known blood.
That farmers soon recognize the
need for pure blood on both sides Of
an animals ancestry is indicated by
the figures collected by the Depart
ment of Agriculture in the campaign
just referred to. The adoption of
pure bred sires in most cases soon re-
suits in the purchase of few regis
report showing the kinds and breeding
of animals owned by farmers and
breeders enrolled in the campaign
they were shown to have on their
farms q, 81 pure bred sires and 1884,
02O pure bred females. The tendency
toward the wider adoption of pure
bred dams is shown most conspicu-
ously in the case of hogs, the most
rapid multiples Of the domestic farm
animals. In the list Of hogs owned by
men who have joined the campaign
62.8 per cent Of the soWs are pure
bred. Cattle come next with 35.9 per
cent Of the females pure bred. For
horses the percentage is 12.5 per cent,
asses 24.6 per cent, sheep and goats
about 1875 per cent. In the list OF
fowls owned there are 50. 108 pure bred
males and 514,422 females, which is
nearly 20 per cent of all the female
fowls listed.
The breeder who sells pure bred
sires is building a market for pure
bred females.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Campaign Among Farmers
for Cream Improvement

Creameries suffering losses due to
poor grades Of butter are urged by A.
j. Mcclure, dairy specialist with the
agricultural extension division Of the
University of Minnesota, to put on an
educational campaign among their
patrons for improving the quality of
their cream.
Interest can be aroused in having
all cream delivered at least twice a
week and in improving the methods
on the farms for greater care and
cleanliness so that pure sweet cream
will be delivered" he says 1.-THE wide
difference in price between good and
poor butter results in serious losses
under present conditions and can be
prevented"
A continuous loss in the price of but
ter because Of poor quality has led to
the failure of creameries, Mr.. Nc
CURE asserts.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
/ POULTRY
|S2S2Sy{2|
Ontario College Gives
tuberculosis Treatment

The Ontario Agricultural college re-
ports that tuberculosis in poultry is
very common in that province. There
Is not county from which there has
not been received for examination hens
either dead of, or suffering from, this
disease. Almost invariably a letter
accompanies such birds stating that
deaths are occurring in the flock at
frequent Intervals.
tuberculosis results in considerable.
financial losses to the poultryman, due
to decrease in egg production, and
heavy mortality in the fiocks where it
is present.
The disease is chronic rather than
acute. The birds suffering from it,
usually lose flesh, turn pale aroundt
head, become listless, mopy and fire.
quently lame, while egg laying is re-
duced to a minimum.
To be sure that such a condition Of
necessary to hold post-mortem exam
ination of one of them The bird
should be killed and opened up. If
tuberculosis is present the liver and
spleen will be spotted with white or
cream colored spots varying in size
from. small pin head to a pea or
bean. These are the socalled tubercles,
which are composed Of dead tissue that
has been killed by the action Of the
poison secreted by the tuberculosis
bacteria which have developed there.
These tubercles are often found on the
intestines and in the lungs and bones
SIS well as in the liver and spleen
Birds suffering from the disease give
off large numbers of the tuberculosis
bacteria in their droppings. Other
birds in the flock scratching around
ard feeding with such birds pick up
the bacteria with their feed and grit
and so get infected.
When this disease is found in flock
It is advisable to kill off all the BIRDS.
Those birds which on examination do
Lot show evidence of the disease may
be used as food. Those that show the
disease should be destroyed by burning
or burying deeply in quicklime.
Inc enClfe premises In Wnlcn Inc
birds have been kept should then be
well scraped, cleaned and thoroughly
disinfected by the application of a
disinfectant wash or spray, as quick
lime, cresol, ETC. The runs should be
well covered with Quicklime and then
ploughed deeply. Even after such
treatment it would be preferable to
establish new runs on fresh ground
and then restock from docks that are
known to be healthy.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Spread Manure on Land
as Fast as It Is Made

The very best way to get all of the
value out of the manure on the farm
is to put it on the land just as fast as
it is made. Manure loses large part
of it's fertilizing value before it is
used when it is piled out of doors all
summer, waiting for some special
crop. Better get it on any crop or
permanent pasture just as quickly as
possible rather than leaving it out in
piles in this way. AS q matter Of fact,
experiments have shown that manure
allowed to remain in piles through
three, four or five months in the sum-
mer frequently loses from third to
two-thrids Of its total fertiIizing value.
This is too serious loss to be al
lowed to pass unheeded
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Best Plan to Segregate
Geese From Other Birds

Geese need a separate range from
poultry If many geese are raised. The
big birds are not particular where they
dig their bills, but are sure to wash
them off in the hens drinking water
or the crooks of sour milk. This
means dirty water for the hens or fire.
quent emptying and reflling of troughs
or pals. If the hens are on a limited
range they will need plenty of tender
grass and geese also need a lot of
grass.
If geese are allowed to range where
young chicks are growing the geese
will steal the mash and some Of the
scratch feed. This increases the cost
per pound of producing goose meat.
and the profit in geese is due to theI
fact that they are largely grass eaters
and can be raised on cheap feed.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Kill Striped Cucumber
Beetle With Nicotine

Cucumbers, squash, pumpkins, and
the related crops can be protected
from the inroads of the striped Gu
cumber beetle by applying fourth
to a half ounce of nicotine dust, con-
tanning four per cent nicotine, to each
hill. The dust not only kills the in
sects that come in contact with it, but
it acts as repellent. If it is applied
properly it drives the beetle from the
cracks in the soil at the base of the
plant, and so prevents very serious
injury.
Even cheese cloth sack with which
to dust the vines is efficient on a
small area, but larger area will pay
for a regular buster. Such buster
also applies the powder in such a
way that beetles cannot escape de-
struction by fight.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Dairy Forecasts
Will Be Issued
Service Enables Dairymen
to Plan Ahead in Light Of
Future Prospects.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
To enable dairymen to plan their
operations in the light of future pros
poets as Indicated by available sta
tistics on current milk production,
prices, stocks, and changes in dairy
herds, the United States Department
Of Agriculture is inaugurating a spe-
cial reporting service in the leading
dairying states A tentative plan of
reporting has been drawn up and is
to be tried out In an experimental
way in New England, New York and
Wisconsin An effort. will be made
to forecast as far in advance as pos
sible the number of dairy cows on
farms and prospective milk produc-
ton.
information Requested.
Thousands of dairymen in the vari-
GUS states are to be requested to re-
port each month to the department
the number of dairy cows and heifers
on farms at the end Of the month, to-
gether with the number of heifers
and calves under year old being
raised for dairy cows. Information
will also be obtained regarding the
number of dairy cows and heifers bred
each month, the number 3of heifers
freshening with their first calves and
the number Of other cows freshening
each month.
An effort will be made to obtain in
formation as to sales of dairy cows
and heifers for slaughter, as well as
the number of deaths monthly. Fig
ureS will be obtained on the produc
ton of milk and the number of cows
MIXED It is expected that a suffi-
GENTLY large number Of dairymen can
be induced to cooperate in the work
to provide the basis for statewide es-
Inmates.
The new service is in response to a
long-felt need for more complete in
formation concerning the trend of the
dairy industry. Dairymen have been
watching with interest the progress Of
the system worked out by the depart
ment with regard to live stock and as
results became available an. increas-
Ing number of dairymen and milk pro-
ducers' associations have requested
the department to inaugurate a SIM
ilar system in the dairy industry. At
the present time approximately 10000
farmers cooperate in the livestock
service and it is planned to increase
the number to $4,000. A departure Of
interest to dairymen will be to request
livestock producers to report separ-
Ately the number of cattle Of the beef
type It is planned also to include in
the dairy reports information concern
ing feed and pasture conditions.
Cooperation Urged.
All dairymen are urged to cooperate
with the Department Of Agriculture in
this new work by promptly filling out
the reports received from the depart
rnent. All individual reports will be
considered confidential, only totals
and percentages Of change from
month to month to be published. Each
dairyman reporting will receive per-
sonal COPIES Of the final monthly state
ment issued by the department to-
gether with the statistics of various
dairy products manufactured, stocks
in storage, and market information
gathered from manufacturers, dis
tributors and handlers Of dairy
products.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Cane Fruits Need Care
After Crops Harvested

AS soon as the crops of blackber-
ries, raspberries or loganberries are
harvested, the old vines should be cut
out and burned. These old vines carry
over many disastrous diseases. Any
plant that looks suspicious In any
blackberry or raspberry patch should
be burned Summer pruning can be
carried on in the young canes Of black
berries and black raspberries. As
soon as the canes are two or three
feet high they should be pinched
back, forcing out laterals. If these
laterals become too rangy, they can
be cut back slightly in the spring Of
the year.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Make Fight on Insects
and Diseases in Summer

Summer is the time to begin to look
after the borers. The paradi-chloro-
benzine has established itself as an
efficient control for borers in peach
and plum orchards. If, as now ru-
mored, this same substance may be Of
some benefit in controlling root insects
on strawberries and possibly the woolly
aphis on the apple, it will prove to be
a great boon to a new class of growers.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Contented Cows Always
Make Highest Returns

In the barn of large and well
equipped dairy in wisconsin is a
large placard conspicuously posted
which reads:
mo Swearing Allowed-These Are
Contented Cows"
at is a stringent rule on all our
stock farms says the manager, "that
harsh language or unkindness
toward the cattle is absolutely for
hidden. Strange as 1t may seem, a
COW is as responsive to pleasant
treatment as a human being is. If
you are mean to a cow she is pretty
apt to return the meanness. There
fore we preach bovine optimism. We
keep our COWS contented and we find
they give more and better milk"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1923-08-23
Jerusalem Artichoke Is
Good for Growing Stock

The Jerusalem Artichoke, and espe-
cially the Mammoth French White, de-
serves more attention from poultry
men. Extremely hardy and prolific, IL
can be grown almost anywhere and I'M
der any conditions. The green shoots
form abundant shade and succulent
feed for growing stock, the closenesa
of the foliage helps to choke out weeds
while the tubers keep well, are rel.
ished for winter feed for laying henai
and early spring feed for little chicks,