davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1923-07-22
BY JOHN RUSTGARD,
Attorney General Of the Alaskan
Territory.

CoME years ago. while on visit
to the city of Washington, I
made the acquaintance of
gentleman from New Orleans.
who anxiously inquired about Alaska.
He had. during the undertaking
period of the Taft administration.
read about the immense wealth of the
territory. and had calculated that his
individual interest therein as a citi-
zen of the United States was some
five or six thousand dollars.
His uneasiness at the tardiness with
which his vision materialiZed dis
closed a suspicion on his part that
somebody else was getting his share
Of the wealth.
This disappointment is general and
national in extent
Yet, it is not nearly so keen as that
of the old pioneers of the north who,
years ago, seeing the vast possibili-
ties all about them, dreamed dreams
of marble halls. Those same old pio-
neers of the north today still are
sleeping in very ordinary houses, Oft
times log huts.
Overlooking Treasure House.
1t Is doubtful whether there is any
continuous tract of land within the
United States more bountifuily sup
piled by nature with those basic re-
sources which are essential to ma
tional prosperity and industrial inde-
pendence. BY simply skimming the
cream, a few people in the territory
already have shipped to the United
States s1,10O, ,00O,0 900 worth of mer-
chandise.
Much as this is in proportion to the
population. it is yet disappointing.
With oil seepages over vast areas
and at numerous places yielding 50
per cent of gasoline and sometimes
more, with paraffine base. too, no oil
Is exported and very. little produced
even for home consumption.
With hundreds of square miles or
coal land, we are still importing coal
from foreign countries.
! With forests all about us, fully 20
per cent of the forest products con-
sumed In the territory have been i'm
ported from the state of Washington
With pulp timber sufficient on the
coast to supply 2.000.0 900 tons of pulp
per year-one-third of what the ma
tion consumes-without cutting faster
than the timber grows, only one tiny
pulp mill is in operation.
With arabic lands capable of pro-
ducing as much wheat as the two
Dakotas combined, and of much su-
perior quality. the entire acreage un.
der cultivation to grains is probably
| not more than 5000 acres.
Population $4,000. .
With natural resources of almost
every kind under the sun, more abun-
dant and extensive than, and with a
climate fully as favorable as the
Scandinavian peninsula and Finland,
| the entire population Of Alaska is
only about $4,000 souls, as against
| IL 10000 in the three northwestern
countries of continental Europe.
Alaska has been under American
rule flfty-six years. At the time the
northwest territory had reached that
age as an American possession four
| new states had grown up within it's
! boundaries, and others were ripe for
assuming independent sovereignty.
The northwest territory already had
produced a long array of men prom
inent and influential in the life of the
nation both in business and politics.
The growth -of-the Louisiana. terri
Evening star., 1923-07-22
WORLD PEACE ADVANCED
BY STRAITS SETTLEMENT
Agreement on Navigation of Dardenelles
Long Held Vital in Europe, and
U. S. Now Is Signatory.

sible. And after a time. the other
powers. as a means of checking the
ambitions of each other upheld the
hand of Turkey in the matter Of
limiting the navigation of the straits
by warships Of the nations. Innu-
merable treaties have been made be
tween Turkey and the various Euro
pean powers relating to the use Of
the straits both by merchantmen and
by war vessels.
1t is understood here that under
the Lausanne treaty of peace between
the allies and Turkey the straits set
tlement provides for freedom of pas
sage OF all merchant vessels, and for
the passage, in time of peace of war
vessels also, but not in excess of the
size OF the fleet, which a power of
the Black sea maintains in the Black
sea. The United States is not party
of this treaty. This country never
declared war on Turkey. But a new
treaty between the United States and
Turkey is now in the making and
it is unthinkable that the rights Of
the United States with regard to the
navigation of these waters will not
be safeguarded.
Turks at War often.
Peace to the Turks has been as rar,
recently as d summer recess to TIL,
Congress of the United States H.
more recent years there have bee.
the Turko-Italian war, 1911; the frs
Balkan war, 1912, and the seconc
Balkan, 1913. and then the world wa
from 1914 on, with a peace treat,
only now looming as d possibility
Although the Turks have been driveI
back, they have consistently re
bounded. Their western boundarie
were curtalled greatly in the frs
Balkan war. They came back in tn
second Balkan war.
In the world war. the Turks los
much more. The Greeks were place.
in control of the Smyrna distric
after the armistice. But the Greek
overplayed their hand, with a fina
result that they were driven out b
| the Turks. and the Turks were place,
in position almost to dictate to th,
allies at Lausanne. On the othe
! hand. large slices of former Turks
territory were Topped off to the sout
and east and handed over to Franc
and Great Britain as mandates
Syria and Mesopotamia, and there j
little reason to believe that Turke
will get these back, at least for
long period
Soviet Helped Turks.
The soviet government of Russ.
aided the new Turkish government
no little extent with money and arm
and with the constant threat of a
| alliance. which had its effect upo
the other powers. RuSsia's assent &.
| any agreement in regard to til
| navigation OF the Dardanelles hi;
! been recognized as essential FIR,
! quently. And Russia had been il
vited to sign th~ straits provision
of the agreement made at Lausann,
the invitation being accepted.
The making of peace with Turk,
and the settlement of the strai,
] question, it is believed here, will &
| far toward improving conditions
| Europe and the near east The W;
! clouds have been heavy in the region
! affected for Il long time. threateniL
! another devastating conflict. Turk,
| has held strategic position becau
! the other nations did not seek Il
! burden of war with the Turks, wi;
a possible flare-up of the Mohamm,
| dams on other lands.
Evening star., 1923-07-22
Lack of Legal Security Keeps Investor
Out of Alaska, Territorial Leader Says

which we exist are such that water
transportation to Alaska must of
necessity cost more than twice as
such per ton mile as railroad trans
portation in the states: if it be neces-
sary that it cost twice as much to
ship freight from Seattle to Seward.
distance of some 1,400 miles, as 1t
costs to ship if from Seattle TO New
York by way of the Panama canal
a distance of 1000 miles, it is the
obvious duty of the government to
and sell it for junk.
Under these circumstances it is un-
pardonable for the officers of the
government or those responsible for
the administration of public affairs
to close their eyes to the question of
water transportation.
During the Roosevelt administra-
tion, when the fear possessed the ma
tion that Alaska was vast store
house of wealth which might become
the exclusive property of few pow
erful corporations. the lands covered
or coal were withdrawn from entry,
Recently the lands with the minerals
underlying have been released to the
extent of permitting water sites, coal
and oil lands to be leased.
Bar Private Control.
The people of the territory are we'll
aware that the system of dealing
with the public domain which pre-
vailed thirty or forty years ago viii,
never again be revived. The nation
is determined that the basic resources
of the new country shall not fall into
the hands of a few private concerns
The reserve system, so far as fuel.
power and forests are concerned, has,
therefore, come to stay and we are
prepared to accept that fact.
What We complain of is that the
government has not yet found a
method for administering these re-
serves which insures the results pri-
marily designed. 1t is no exaggera-
tion to say that the administrative
system adopted for the reserves has
decided tendency to bring about
the very condition which the creation
, of the reserves was aimed to pre-
vent. 1t is obvious that the conser-
walton system as at present admins
tered has tendency to force all
Alaska into the hands Of one big,
dominating concern.
Property upon the reserve can be
held only at the pleasure of some
official or officials. Who can best
afford to take the chance on the
stability of so tickle a foundation? /?
Obviously, he who Is able to maintain
the strongest lobby at the capital.
An effort has been made Of late to
give more assurance of legal security
for investment on the reserves. But
even under the most recent laws there
! are no rights except under Oil per-
mits. which may be forfeited at any
time at the option of some official.
Must Obtain Leases.
If you wish to develop and utilize
water power, you may obtain a lease
for fifty years-on certain conditions.
What are these conditions? Some
few of them are contained in the
water power act, where they are abb
breviated to $500 words. The rest of
them are set out in the regulations
promulgated by the water power COM
mission. The latter document con-
tains recital in some 10000 words
of what the lessee must do and must
.-(Continued on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1923-07-22


As for these negro pioneers, they
are on trial Mr.. Brown Is one who
sees the present migration as a great
experiment. The negro has found
the opportunity Which awaits him in
industry, he believes, and it is for
him to show his ability to take it.
The coming winter will indicate the
trend Of the future. Already there
are signs cropping up here and there
that the employment market for
negroes In the north is reaching the
flood stage. The northern climate
Is mono to easy for the negro, and
statistics have shown mortality
among that race so per cent higher
in the-north than In the south. -
Evening star., 1923-07-22

ChuseS OF NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
4 letter received by tho Depart
kent-af-LaboE-f from an0offlaial of a
Evening star., 1923-07-22

There is dlscernible here, especially among
the farmers and the small business men,
sense of irritation against the administration
and the party in power. l would not call it
disappointment, but rather dissatisfaction,
qualified by realization that there is not any
thing tangible upon which to found COM
plant against the administration. Reflection
shows that the low price oS wheat cannot be
charged against the party in power. nor even
the high freight rates. because the President
OF the United States has no power or au-
thority to direct the Interstate Commerce
Commission to slash freight rates out OF
hand, and that body is a bipartisan, judicial
body, functioning in its own right and judg
ment. upon testimony adduced.
The writer's analysis of the state of pub
lie feeling in the territory thus far traversed
is that so far as the administration is con-
ccrned, the people, after electing the republi-
can party to bring about "normalcy," are now
grumbling because it does not come across
with wallop' Just as inconsistent, OF
course, human nature can be. 1t is not
Evening star., 1923-07-22
NEGRO EXODUS WITHOUT
PARALLEL In i. S. HISTORY
$4,000 ColOred Workers Moved North
Since November, Nearly Demoral-
izing Southern Agriculture.

southern state. d white man, by the
way, is quoted because it is more or
less typical: There have been vari-
Gus reasons for the dissatisfied con-
dition of the negro in this state and
his tendency to go north or east.
namely. better wages. improved hous-
ing facilities, broader ATTITUDES of so
cial equality. political equality, etc.
ITO the mind of the writer. how
ever. the principal cause for such a
noticeable exodus is higher wages.
paid cash weekly. and the generally
unfair advantage taken of the ig-
norant, defenseless negro in agri-
cultural pursuits in the principal
black belt OF this state.
IF the present rate of migra ton
of the negro north and east continues
for another year it is going to pro-
duce material shortage of colored
agricultural labor in the black belt
or delta section of this state. From
inquiry made among negroes as to
present disturbed conditions, it is
conclusively indicated that the negro
has come to learn that the more he
produces on the average plantation
the less he receives, and he has grown
weary of being the crude prey of ex-
tortion. as practiced upon him by the
average plantation owner.
From my own viewpoint. the av-
erage plantation owner is largely re-
sponSible for the present state Of
unrest among the negroes due in Il
general way to the unfair treatment
of such tenants"
Evening star., 1923-07-22
BY N. o. MESSENGER.

SPOKANE, Wash. July q.
~ RIFTING further westward with the
lead line going constantly i'll taking
IL soundings of political sentiment, the
writer drops anchor in the eastern
section of this big, busy and normally pros
porous state. Sentiment hereabouts is much
of the same character as was found to prevail
in Minnesota, and as reported to exist in
the Dakotas Wyoming and Montana.
The electorate is restless; dissatisfied
without knowing which way to turn for re
lief; out OF sorts with existing political con-
ditions rejecting unsatisfactory economic
status of affairs 1t apparently wants to hit
somebody's head and the administration
seems nearest at hand
Evening star., 1923-07-22
Must Obtain Leases.

CONTINUED on Third Page.)
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20
BANDITS RAID RoADHousE;
ESCAPE WITH $50 o

Springfield. Ill.-Ten masked han
dts. armed with automatic s~liotguns
and revolvers, staged q spectacular
holdup at the WaysIde Inn, n road
house three miles from here, and after
robhing approximately lis patrons and
. gambling game in the q a of the
place. escaped with cash and jewelry
amounting to $4,000.
Women screamed as four of the ban
dts entered the front door. firing a
golley OF shots. The first "haulr was
$4,000. taken from the gambling game.
Ordering the patrons to Zine mp In
single file In the rear the bandits
searched each patron. who was then
ordered to pass into the main dance
hall, where others Of the gang stood
guard over them.
When the search was completed the
back door was boarded up and pa-
trons ordered to stand still and keep
their mouths shut"
Locking the front door from the out
side. the bandits fled.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20
JAP CAPITAL RISES
NEW FROM DISASTER
Property Loss, Two Billion, TO be Re
placed by Fire-Proof Quake
Proof Buildings

Honolulu. T. H.-The leading bust
ness men of Toxic. headed by yiscount
S~hIbusawa. have held a conference at
which a decision was reached to rom
struct fireprOof and earthQuake-proof
buildings and to make Toxic one-ef
the most nearly ideal cities In the
world, the correspondent of the Nippu
jill, a japanese language paper here,
cables. In furtherance Of this plan,
bonds Will be issued to finance the re-
building.
The correspondent said III per cent
Of the buildings In Toxic. including
commercial structures and residences.
are In ruins. either from fire or col
lapse following the earthquake of Sep
TENDER /. S~eyenty-seven per rent OF
the population Is dead, injured or
homeless, according to the Toxic met
ropolItan police bureaus estimate.
In Yokohama, the cable advices said.
approximately 10000 Of the 10000 Of
the population Of that city are dead,
Injured or homeless. and 1850 ont of
$1,000 buildings were destroyed. At
the Yokosuka naval station. only $50
houses out OF a total Of 1900 remain
standing.
The Insurance losses Will he tremen-
dous. the correspondent declared. the
amount reaching two billion, two hun
dred million yen (s1, 10O.0O0.000). or
sum 80 per cent of the losses will
be paid by the government and 20 per
cent by the insurance companies.
Law and order prevails throughout
Toxic and no unensiness Is felt over
the food situation. The law courts
viii not reopen until September Is. No
late has been set for the r~eopenlng of
Lhe public schools.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20
DEMPSEY BESTS f|RPO
IN A TERRIFIC BATTLE
Champion Retains Grown by Knock
Ing Out Argentine Challenger In
First Minute of Second Round

New York.-In three minutes and
fifty-seven seconds of the most terrific
fighting In ring history Jack Demp-
sey, heavyweight champion, knocked
out Louis Angel Firpo, the Argentine
challenger before a crowd of 5000
spectators ar the Polo grounds.
The challenger was knocked to the
floor five times In the first round
but recovered from the terrible punch
es before the count, and staged o
startling comeback in the last few
seconds of the round when he knocked
the champion through the ropes into
the press seats with a hard right
swing to the jaw. This is the first
time Dempsey has been Knocked off
his feet since becoming the champion.
The champion entered the ring
weighing 1924 and the challenger
weighing 216A pounds.
After having clinched to save him.
self In the last seconds of the first
the champion sprang at his opponent
In the opening of the second round and
after knocking the Argentine down
twice landed the haymaker.
The gate receipts are estimated at
100000, OF which the champion re
ceives 37h per cent, or $500 0O0 and
the challenger '12h per cent. or
100000.
Il can truthfully say I never had
such a fight in all my life,n said the
champion when interviewed by report
ers following the battle.
Il did the best l could" stated the
defeated challenger. Dempsey was
the better man. l never felt such
blows as he gave me-"
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20
LIVESTOCK SHIPMENTS WILL
Be LESS THAN LAST YEAR

Montana cattle and sheep shipments
are expected to be lighter this year
than last, according to a report com
piled by George A. Scott, agricultural
statistician for Montana. About 1885,
900 cattle and approximately 6S1 600
sheep will be sent out OF the state this
year. In his opinion. There were 1885,
600 head Of cattle shipped from Mon
tana In 1922 and 725.OOO head of sheep.
The movement of Montana lambs
viii be about 80 per cent Of last years,
while the shipment OF sheep will prob
ably be about the same. This Will
mean about 225,OO0 sheep. while APP
proximateIy $4,000 lambs will be
shipped either to the markets or feed
ing grounds.
THE present high value of corr Is
expected to put a damper on the pur-
chases Of lamb feeders this fall. While
the demand for feeders VIII Influence
the percentage of lambs which will go
direct to the markets as fat the out
look at present seems to indicate that
there will be fewer lambs sent to the
feed yards this fall than last. Feed
er buyers are not paying prices which
tend TO move lambs.
The states wool clip for the season
Is estimated at 1925. 900 pounds, as
compared with 17.OOO.OO0 pounds in
1922. The 1923 wool clip is moving
and most of 1t is being shipped on on
signment."
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20
Lloyd George to Visit America

Washingt0n.=Daxid Lloyd George,
the former British prime minister,
plans to reach New York, October 8,
and spend almost a month on this side
of the Atlantic. He VIII visit more
than a score Of American and Cana
dian cities. Mr.. Lloyd Georges itin-
erary was made public by Secretary
Davis, of the labor department, who
recently conferred with the former
premier in England and who invited
him to this country In the name of
Americans Of Welsh descent.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20

New York.-With a total Of o7.562
earthquakes recorded. japan Is second
among the countries of the world In
which seismic shocks occur. Italy Is
first with 27.672 TO her credit: Greece
IL third with 10.306 In South Ameri.
CT there are records Of S.01S quakes of
more or less serious import. In MexI-
co there have been $3.50. The Pacific
coast OF the United States has been
rocked at various times by 1907 earth
quakes. while the Atlantic coast has
felt ps7 shocks Asia Minor has had
ks<51 seismic disturbances.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20
AUTHORITIES REPORT 10000
DEAD IN TWO CITIES

Washlngton.-The dead counted by
Japanese authorities up I o now num-
Der 1900 In Toxic and $4,000 In Yoke
hama, the foreign office In Toxic has
reported TO the Japanese embassy
here.
Typhus and other epidemirs have
appeared In the Okubo and Hiroo hos
pitfalls and In the conductors quarters
of the Aoyama tramway where 500
sick and wounded have been collected.
Many of the earthquake victims,
who were disinfected. were removed
to a temporary hospital established at
the Ueno exposition site.
Six big emergency crematorles have
been established and the cremation OF
bodies is proceeding night and day.
Approximately 100000 refugees are
leaving the capital each day.
The message said $50 foreigners
have been killed $50 far ms has been
as%certained." About 10000 houses.
or II per cen of oil. were destroyed
In Toxic. while 10000 of the 10000 In
Yokohama met a similar fate.
Police OF Toxic. according to the
message. estimated 36l 900 persons
homeless. constituting 67 per cent OF
the total population.
The death OF the British assistant
commercial attache, Horne, and Mrs.
David Waddell, assistant TO the Brit
lsh commercial attaehe In Yokohama,
were reported.
Five of the leading banks Nave re-
opened for business, including the Nit
zui bank, the Kwangyo bank. the Bank
Of Taiwan. the Kogyo hank and Yoke
hama specie bank, the dispatch said,
while the ministry of finance and the
hank of japan were striving TO re-
establish the financial affairs of Toxic.
The foreign office building was re-
only partially destroyed, but
owing 10 the dislocatIon OF communl-
cation not more than half of the staff
was able to reach the office.
Better efficiency In foreign com
munications will be attained within a
days. the message predicted.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1923-09-20
SPANISH TROOPS
ARE IN REVOLT
REVOLT AGAINST CORRUPT RULE
SPREADS RAPIDLY THROUGH
COUNTRY
FOREIGN MINISTER RESIGNS
soidiery Resent lgnomy of Recent
Moroccan Campaign; King
Alfonson indifferent

Madrld.-Spain is In the travail OF a
revolution. A military coup d'etat,
originating In Barcelona, has spread
rapidly through various districts and
provinces Of the country and has
aroused the deepest concern to the
government.
At the head of the movement Is the
captain general Of Barcelona. Primo
Rivera, a man of strong influence and
powerful associations. Behind him are
the officers OF the army, who have
been chatting for many months under
the ignomlny of the Moroccan cam
paign, and with the officers are the
rank and file, who seem ready to fol-
low their leaders TO the end.
King Alfonso Is believed to be at
San Sebastian. There are various re-
ports as to his probable action In the
crisis and he may even now be on his
way to Madrid to take up considera-
ton of the threatening situation with
Premier Alhucemas.
After protracted meetings Of the
cabinet, a message was SEM to Cen
eral Primo Rivera, requesting him to
abandon the movement for patriotic
reasons, but he absolutely refused TO
do SO. The foreign minister, Abba,
who is believed TO be particularly OBJ
noxious to the revolving elements, has
resigned from the ministry. as well as
the minister of labor, Felix Arminan.
The under-secretary OF war, Gen.
Bermudas Castro, informed the CORE
%spondents that the minister OF wal had
had a long conversation on the tele-
phone with the captain-general of Bar
who informed the minister that
he had rebelled against some members
of the present government. The cap
t~ain-general paid tribute TO Premier
and the minister of the
interior, the Duke of Almodovar.
Contradictory reports are very prev
alent here. Although the under-secre-
Of war told the newspaper men
that King Alfonso had left San Sebas-
tian by automobile for Madrid, there
was an authoritative report much later
that the king was still sojourning there
and would not come to the capital.