davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10

Th- cotton goods manufacturers
of the United States are showing
a marked success in their night to
retain the hold upon world mar
kets which they gained during the
war period. OF the dozen great
manufacturing industries which
are seeking world markets, that ap-
pertaining 20 cotton goods shows
a larger percentage of gain in the
exports OF 1922 than any other.
Tie total value OF cotton manufac-
lures exported in the 10 months
ending with October, 1922, is Sli5,-
100000 against S9S 100000 in the
same months of last year. while
most Of the other manufacturing
industries show declines in the
value OF 1922 exports as compared
with those of 1921. Iron and steel
manufactures, exclusive of machin-
cry. show a total in the 10 months
of 1922 OF only $l58OOO,0O0 against
2o5,W0,0O0 in the same months OF
last year; machinery and vehicles
S2o7. .0Ou,UUO against $4Sl 100000; re-
fined mineral oils $2o4 ,O0, ,OOC
! against S3lO,OO0,0O0; electrical ma
chinery S43OOO,000 against $9O,0O0,-
600; chemicals S43,0O0,0O0 against
5000. 600; and wool r .anufactures
5A million dollars against $90O.-
, 700. In a limited number of manu-.
features including india rubber
products, lumber and other manu-.
factures OF wood, and automobiles
there is a slight increase but the
percentage of gain is in most case:
below that of cotton goods which
seem likely to show a grand tota
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
B, O. p. Assfis Stssissiciss

calendar year 1922 compared with
$lH,0O0,00O in 1921 and only S5o,-
100000 in 1913.
This increase in the cotton goods
exports occurs in nearly all OF the
important classes. Cotton cloths
alone amount to S7l, 100000 in value
for the 10 months of 1922 compared
with S60,000,000 in the like period
Of last year, and the number of
yards exported is 500, 100000 against
45S, POI 900 in the 10 months period
of 1921. Cotton wearing apparel
shows a total of approximately
$20,000,0O0 against l6K millions in
the same months of last year
hosiery TX million dollars against
5H millions.
The increase in cotton cloths ex-
ported occur especially in the
higher grades, bleached cottons
$l2,OOOOOO against "a millions
printed goods l21z million dollar7
against SH millions; piece dyed
goods $l5,0O0,0O0 against 1874 mil
lions; and yarn or stock dyed $l2.
100000 against 8H millions, though
it is proper to add that the un-
bleached cottons exported show a
slight decline in value. The IN.
creases in the higher grades Of
cotton cloths occur in quantities
as we'll as manufactures, the
bleached cottons showing tota
of 100000 yards against 6S,0OO,-
600; printed 100000 yard:
against 100000, and other grade:
corresponding advances in guam.
tity as well as value.
Our cotton goods are going te
Ill cact:ans Of tie wn-fI excen
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10

melons, and other trucking crops.
In orchards, cover crops are being
grown where heretofore it was be
lieved that all which was required
was that the ground be cultivated
and watered.
A Clause in Leases
Ten years ago one hardly ever
heard of fertilizer being used or
needed here.
Today the studious and progress
i've ranch owner is himself using it,
and the absent landlord is beginning
to incorporate in his leases that his
tenants must use it; bankers loan
ing money on lands are requiring
guarantees that fertilization i'll GER
tain quantities be done; farmers,
experimentcrs and experts, county,
state and federal experiment sta
tion employees are shouting the need
for fertilization from the housetops.
Magazines and newspapers are full
of articles calling the attention of
growers to the need of rebuilding
the soil from year to year, i'll order
to keep it in constant state of
activity and capacity production.
In this day and age it is not nee
essary to watch experiments carried
on by neighbors, the results of
some months, and in some instances
for Il year or two. Information can
be secured from any county, state
and federal experimental station
which will set any one on the right
track at the start, and give them
ample opportunity for carrying on
experiments at such slight cost, and
with certainties of result that will
more than repay for the effort.
Experimental Stage is Past
The day of experimentation is
past. In the east fertilization,
whether by green manure crops, barn
yard manures or reliable commercial
fertilizers, has proven itself beyond
possibility of doubt. In the west 1t
has proven itself to such an extent
i that the demand for fertilizers is
growing by leaps and bounds, and
even here in the Imperial Valley
where we have been resting at ease
believing that our soils were ever.
lastingly rich and productive, thou
! sands of tons of commercial fertil
izers are being sold this year.
The cost of fertilizing is really
negligible when the results are con
sidered, estimates showing that it
will cost from $3.50 to $50 per acre
to fertilize, depending upon the kind
and character of crop, and the con
dition of the soil. Cost of appliea-
tion usually ranges from 81 to SO
per acre.
The figures are nominal, compared
to the fact that in instance after in
stance it has been shown that the
increased yield has paid for this
cost three and four times over, and
in some cases has added hundreds of
dollars of value to the crop of one
single acre.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
PROBE SHOWS MANY
CHILDREN OF FARM
MUCH OVERWORKED
Need Legislative Action,
Says Expert, to Curb
Danger

"There are certain ameliorations
TO child labor on q FARM Miss
Grace Abbott, chief of the Federal
Children Is Bureau, quotes from the
autobiography of Hamlin Garland,
A Son of the Middle Border, in her
annual report to the secretary of
labor.
"The charm and mystery of the
prairie is part of the inheritance
Of its sons and daughters adds
Miss Abbott, who, it may be noted,
is herself II native of one of the
prairie states. She declares, how
ever, that children on farms are still
doing Il oman s work - while they
are 'little boys longing for the
leisure" and needing the schooling
of boyhood, and that pioneer con
ditiOns of 80 years ago have not all
changed. "Is it not this which
makes the farmer's s son, when at last
free to choose his occupation, so
often turn his back on the farm and
choose industry or trade for his life
work - she asks .ie
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
Children Do Heavy Work

In her report are described the
findings of n recent study of the
work of children in rural districts,
made by the Federal Children s Bu
reau in cooperation with the child
rem s code commission of North Da-
kota. Almost every variety of work
done on the farms of that state was
performed by the boys and girls in
cluded in the study. Much heavy
and more or less hazardous farm
work such as handling machinery or
dangerous implements, plowing, and
driving of four horse or five-horse
teams was done by children from the
age of 10 years up. Boys as young as
seven and girls as young as 10 years
of age had driven stackers, hay
forks and harrows. Flowing was
found to be one of the principal
kinds of work which children did.
1t was also continued over longer
periods of time than almost any
other work.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
Miss Much Schooling


Over half the $40 children studied
had missed at least one month of
school, and nearly one-third had
missed two months or more. Nine
per cent had missed half the school
term.
Miss Abbott concludes that the
survey shows an urgent need for
better legal and administrative pro-
vision so that children coming from
rural districts will have educational
opportunities more nearly approXi-
mating those of the town and city
child, and will be protected against
the physical hazards resulting from
unregulated farm labor.
North Dakota Plans Relief
The findings of this and other
studies made by the Children IS Bu-
reau in North Dakota, relating to
child dependency and delinquency
as well as child labor, have been
used by the state children s code
commission in determining the
changes in legislation and admins
tration which it has just recommend
ed in report to the Legislature.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10

melons, and other trucking crops.
In orchards, cover crops are being
grown where heretofore it was be-
lieved that all which was required
Was that the ground be cultivated
and watered.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
h. GROWERS TO
DISCUSS PLANS

'ape Growers department
larm Bureau is to have a
of very great Importance
Irm Bureau office, January
lProf. Bioletti of the Uni
Extension service present.
bose Of the meeting is to
program of work for the
Heason, and all grape com
pf the various centers are
be in attendance. The
lvill be opened at 10 o clock
morning. Marketing of
tkll also be discussed by
sletti.
Aday, January IS, Prof. Bio
give a denomination at
krack ranch on the erection
4 trellises.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
WAITE TELLS
ADVANTAGE OF
COVER CROPS
Add More Nitrogen to
Soil Than 20 Tons
of Manure
BY F. w. WAITE,
Horticultural Commissioner

Much has been said about green
manure Qegume cover crops) to IN
crease fertility of Imperial Valley
soils and it is truthfully the best
and most economical means of add
ing fertility, or the soil elements
necessary to produce normal crops
Green manure will double and even
treble the present production. In
Imperial Valley it is possible to pro
duce three cover crops on the same
land in one year due to the long
growing season.
A cover crop will add more nitro
gen to the soil than would be posi-
bic with from 10 to 90 tons of barn
yard manure, depending upon the
growth and variety of legumes plow-
ed under. Green manure cover crops
add nitrogen, phosphorus and pot
ash, the three most important cle-
ments used in plant life, nitrogen be-
ing the principal one. Thus the
more nitrogen available, the strong
cr and faster the growth.
Important for Growers
Vegetable growers should take
note of this fact, for the quicker
vegetables are grown, such as let
tuce, radishes, peas, etc, the more
tender and brittle they will be. Slow
growing lettuce will be bitter and
the same is true with other vege'
tables.
Cow-pea vines (dry weight will
add 53 pounds nitrogen, l3 pounds
phosphorus and AZ pounds potash
While it has been stated that le'
gumes add necessary elements fol
plant life, yet there. is another very
important benefit. Legumes plowed
under produce humus. Humus is
produced by organic matter. Any
vegetable or animal produces humus
through the process of decomposi
ton. Humus gives the life to the
soil, makes home for bacteria
keeps the soil loose and warm and
lets in the air and water.
Aeration is next to irrigation
Humus soil will hold many times
more water. For instance, l0(
pounds sandy soil will hold 2;
pounds water, clay soil 80 pounds
and 100 pounds humus will hold IGN
to 200 pounds water. Only 25%
as much irrigation is needed, there
fore the soil is warmer and produces
| earlier crops.
Heat Liberates Plant Food
When organic matter, vegetable
or animal, is worked in to the sol
it begins to decay, starting fomenta
tion which forms heat. This process
has the effect of liberating from tn,
soil particles, some of the elements
of plant food which they contain
When the decay has reached the ad
vanced state of decomposition it il
called humus. 1t is then soluble il
water and as it dissolves in the
moisture contained in the soil the
plants absorb the plant food through
the roots.
City Depends on Farm
1t is very gratifying to note that
the bankers, merchants and Asso
ciated Chambers of Commerce of the
valley are taking an active part il
the welfare of the farmer and his
prosperity, for it is not possible t(
maintain cities without successful
farming.
Cities may be destroyed and they
will soon be rebuilt, but destroy tn,
farms and there will be no need OF
the cities. The success of the farm
er is prosperity to the town, city
state and nation. The reason fol
this is the fact that the farmers
business represents a greater invest
ment than all other activities.
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
Cooperative Marketing for Valley
is Urged by Banker Horne as Great
Benefit to All Growers of Crops
BY o. G. HORNE

forGother corporations, they mus. y
, of actnally conducted along the sahl
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10
.Qricultural News
{ Imperial Valley
DAIRYMEN
IcTED HERE
DAIRY DAY
| 20 to Be Banner
for Imperial
Illey Farmers

for Imperial
Hey Farmers
Valley Dairy Day, to be
Centre January 20, is in
be the biggest thing in
Z its kind that has ever
pied in the valley as n
roRsing interest in a sin
ative committee in charge
,bration, which is under
5 of the FL Centre Cham
nmercc, has decided that
lace to hold the outdoor
connection with the af-
city park, where convent
andling a crowd are much
n any other Place that
lOsen.
rogram is designed to oc-
eater part of the day, the
has decided to sell con
lvileges to organizations
arch societies, Boy Scouts,
Legion, or reputable in
Any concession space will
those desiring them at
lhe rule First come first
pplying.
and to Entertain
.rtainmcnt committee has
plcted its program of
sned to make the day an
bne as well as an instruc-
As one of the chief at
he committee is now ar
18th the famous Mexicali
and, which made such a
the FL Centre fair a year
Nv on the occasion Of
There will also be milk
$ between the women of
enters, stock Judging and
be famous "Trial of a
- which has been both
and amusing whenever
n shown at dairy gather
feature will be under the
nt of the California
neil. which will hold its
conference in this city on
D. Most of the prominent
G dairy industry will be
il time and many have al
red the committee that
remain in III Centre for
and lend every assistance
imber of Commerce in
siry day n success. Sever
ss from the California
neil will make addresses
xsting. stock improvement,
dairying.
Publicity Campaign
knsive program Of public
carried on from now un-
of next week, TO acqnaint
in all parts of the valley
celebration of Dairy Day.
will be made to bring the
the attention of the school
nd they. will be asked to
lhool children about dairy
ev in turn may tell their
lminent citizen of FL Cen
the point at a committee
hat the city people would
erested in a dairy day eel
owever, the contrary
md to he the fact. Any
son will admit that the
rv is the backbone of
of Imperial Valley.
sgs go wrong in other lines,
er knows he can always de
dairying to foot the bills
IN well known saying that
dairy business is prosper
the prosperity is reflected
Ier lines, and when dairy
making the grade, there
be a jam in all other lines,
commercial, industrial and
BULL To Be Given
the biggest item of inter
Q program for dairy dav,
o the rancher, is the an
M that a purebred Hol-
will be given away. In
the occasion, this bull has
ed "Imperial Valley Dairy
/ comes of the finest stock
ever been seen in the val
v and stockmen down here
1t q good bull means and
city man realizes that the
Ie been sold for fabulous
grandfather of "lmperial
Try Day. sold Off 100000,
Ice for q bull in this coun-
he was some discussion as
1r q bull or a Ford should
s,vay on the occasion. some
Il the committee maintain
Ia Ford has become as es-
4 the dairyman as "a bull,
lit was shown that various
Is can be obtained to take
of a Ford, but the bull
Is preeminent in his line and
therefore decided to make
Zip, the bull, the center of
h. GROWERS TO
Imperial Valley press., 1923-01-10

The man who says nothing
dorsn 7 always mean it.
A man is known by the money he
Keeps.
Evening star., 1923-03-16
GERMAN FIRMS METHODS
HELD TO BE UNLAWFUL
U. S. Appellate Court Declares Cor
poration's Plans to Regain Pre-
War Trade "Unfair."

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, March 16.-An at
tempt by a German corporation to
regain its pre-war trade after its
business has been sold during the
war by the alien property custodian
by adopting a name and offices that
might be confused with the old firm
constituates unfair competition, the
United States circuit court OF appeals
has held.
Then decision reversed the action
of the federal court in refusing an
injunction sought by the koppel In
against Grenstein & Koppel Aktlen
Gesellschaft. Orensteln & Koppel. Com
pany. Limited, and l.. E. Hellman and
Eric Joseph.
In September. 1918, the alien prop
erty custodian sold the business of
the German corporation, which oper-
ated a large plant at Koppel, Pa,
manufacturing small types of rail-
ways and Industrial material. to the
Koppel Industrial Car and Equipment
chase included the outstanding stock,
registered trade marks and trade names
of the enemy corporation.
Since the war, the German corpora
ton began reorganiZing its trade in
the United States through Hellman
and Joseph, who formerly were its
agents and who, during the war,
were interned as enemy aliens. The
German firm opened Offices in New
York in the same building as the
Offices of the Koppel Industrial Car
and Equipment Company.
I'VE think the bill Of sale con-
veyed to the purchaser the exclusive
right to carry on the business in the
United States with the right of pro-
lection of a court of equity from in
reference by the German corpora
ton" the opinion said. IF the pres
ent interference be permitted. what
was conveyed would, in time, be de-
stroyed."
Evening star., 1923-03-16
ITALIAN PRINCESS WEEDS
COUNT BERGOLO APRIL 9
Date Not to Be Changed by Death
of Former Montenegrin Queen
Grandmother.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ROME, March 16.-The marriage of
Princess Yolanda. eldest daughter OF
King Victor Emmanuel. to Count
Calvi Di Bergolo, has been definitely
fixed for April 9. The civil cere-
mony will be performed in the large
hall of the royal palace, and the re-
ligious ceremony in the Pauline
chapel within the Qui-inal. The date
will not be changed by the death OF
former Queen Mileua of Montenegro.
the brides grandmother.
Princess Yolanda and her fiancee
accompanied by Duke Borea d'Olmo.
prefect of the royal palace. yesterday
visited the hall and the chapel, CIV
ing instructions as to the arrange
ments for the two ceremonies.
1t is the custom for brides of the
House of Savoy to give presents to
their girl friends. Yolanda is giving
jumpers made by herself. in each case
remembering the special tastes and
favorite color of the recipient. BY
thus giving her time and interest she
felt that her gifts would be much more
acceptable than jewels or other pur-
chased articles. All the members of
the royal family are expected to be in
Rome for the wedding. Premier Mus
solini will act as notary of the
crown, and Tomasso Tittoni, president
of the senate. will actually perform
the civil marriage.
Evening star., 1923-03-16
COMMODITY NEWS
WIRED STAR FROM
ENTIRE COUNTRY

STURGIS. Mich, March 16.-De-
mand on furniture manufacturers
here has been SO heavy this month
that the Autsbrook & Jones Company
announced today it would commence at
once construction of an addition TO
it's plant which will cover an entire
city block and give work for 500 ad-
ditional men.
SEATTLE March 1e.--Wholesale
glass dealers have marked up prices
approximately 20 per cent and trade
is booming today.
Supplies of the best grade Of plate
glass received here have come from
Belgium through tse Panama canal.
NEW ORLEANS, March 1s.-spring
trade among the retailers of Mis-
sissippf. Louisiana and Alabama SO
far this month has been 20 per cent
above that of last year.
LANCASTER, Pa, March 1s.-To-
bacco growers of this state have realized
from Is to 20 cents a pound for their
1922 crop and packers have recently
been offered % cents pound. Six new
tobacco factories have been opened In
the York district.
ST. PAUL. March 16.-Motor trucks
Will be used extensively in hauling
material for the new Ford factory
to High Dam. The ST. Paul road has
agreed to install spur tracks, but
these cannot be ready in time for the
starting of work on the new plant.
YAKIMA. Wash. March ,16.-WooI
shearing in eastern Washington ana
Oregon has just started, but growers
are steering clear of sales at present
prices and eastern buyers are cau-
| tious in their offers. Little fear Is
felt here that the market will break
| to lower levels.
/ PITTSBURGH, March 16--Tubular
goods are in strong demand. Oil fields
are calling for large amounts of sup
piles The Carnegie Steel Company
! fred its Sharon furnace this week.
Evening star., 1923-03-16
COTTON PRICES DROP
EARLY IN SESSION
Private Report Indicates Increase
in Coming Crop Of 11,100,-
600 Bales.
By the Associated Pre- ss

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, March 1s.-The cotton
market opened today steady at an
advance of to points, in response
to relatively firm cables and a fair
demand for May contracts around the
31-cent level. The bulge met renewed
realizing or liquidation, however. and
selling for q reaction was promoted
by prospect for clearing weather In
the south. AS a result the market
soon eased off with May selling
down TO 3o.s7. and October to 2e.6S.
during the early trading, or about 6
to 13 points net lower.
A private report issued today
pointed to an increase OF 101 per
cent in acreage, which on the basis
of last years yield per acre, was said
to indicate q crop Of around 11.100.-
600 bales. According to this report
about 6 per cent of the old crop Is
held in the interior with many of
the holders asking 3l12 cents per
pound for round lots.
Futures opened steady; March, 1921;
May, 31.05; July, 30.34; October, 26.T /,
December, 26.22.
NEW ORLEANS. March 1s.-Un-
favorable weather conditions over
practically the entire belt put the
price of cotton IL to IT points higher
during the course of the opening call
today. but heavy offerings met the
advance and a quick reaction result
ed. At the end Of the first half hour
of business prices were to points
under the close of yesterday. May
rose to 30.6S cents a pound and fell
back to 30.50: October rose to $3.50
and fell back to 26.27 Cotton opened
steady; March. 30.73; May. 3o.65; July.
30.32; October. 26,45, and December,
25.s7.
NEW ORLEANS, March 16.-Noon
bids: March. 30.7s asked: May. 30.72
July. 1924; October. 1855; December
c5.88. Steady.
NEW YORK, March 16.-11:45 am
bids: May. sl.S1; July, 3o.ss; October,
1873: December. 1926. Steady.
Evening star., 1923-03-16
BIG GAINS IN SMUGGLING
IMMIGRANTS, is CHARGE

NEW YORK, March 16.-Immigrant
smuggling has become even more
profitable than rum running. Judge
Rosalsky declared in sentencing two
seamen to prison for robbery. The
men were alleged to be in the country
illegally.
"Seamen make more money than
bootleggers by smuggling people into
this country" Judge Rosalsky said.
The present laws are crude and
heartless, and easy to evade. Thieves
working as seamen are allowed to
enter, while decent. law abiding per-
sons are kept out under the quota
laws"
One of the men sentenced today was
Rudolph Blair, alias Robert Louppi,
who had a record of four convictions
in Switzerland. He was given five
years in the penitentiary, at the end
Of which his deportation will be
sought. The other was Henry Nyland.
He was given an indeterminate SEN
tence at the end Of which he also
faces deportation.