davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
.SsOy CENTER

Rassett of Bingham was a
Lsn" At the home of his niece, Mrs.
('llu' Gates over the week end.
a s.s Harry Reynolds attended the
vol of Mrs. Daniel Wescott of
E'rd Hill, Monday.
sn u Nadge Tibbetts was home from
a VIZ Anson to attend the dance at
O.m REYNOLDS Saturday night.
Fs NY Mary Reynolds was the hos
n' ~ the Shakespear Club last We'd
~. afternoon. Refreshments of
and coffee were served and it
Pr roted to have the next three
4ugs on the first and third We'd
IS of November and December
s"ad of the usual dates which are
sacond and fourth Wednesdays of
!, month. The temporary change
King made to avoid having meet
near to Thanksgiving and
E,,stmas. The next meeting will
/ :, Mrs. Albert Parlin's on Novem-
N 2lst. .u -
n Madison today CMonday) to fill
,osition of housekeeper in the
~ of O. Gordon during the winter.
rlovd Gates, who severed blood
l..oi in his left arm while shoeing
norse at Fenlason's camp at Lake
,rie on September 26. is still unable
n any work with his left hand.
Tho dance and card party given by
and Mrs. Harry Reynolds on No
Liner 10th. was well attended and
Is very much enjoyed by all present.
LnsIc was furnished by Mrs. Parlin
/, he piano and Mr.. Hodgkins on the
.n;n
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
BAKER'S SIDING

Heccived too late for publication
last week.
Nell O'Neal spent the week end at
VIM. Getchelps.
Mr.. and Mrs ]. A Senate of WOllas-
ton. Mass, are spending the week
with their son, Wayne, at the Stew
ems cottage.
Eugene Merchant and brother, DIV
er of Fairfield are spending two
weeks hunting trip at the Adam s
cottage.
George Adams and Charlie Adams
passed through here on their way to
Baker Pond Monday,
Rex Oliver spent Sunday at his
home here.
A party of four are spending two
weeks hunting at Point View Camp.
Harvie LaChance of North Vassal-
boro is spending a few days with Ray
Hilton.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
PCGH CORNER

Mrs. Mary Lawrence was taken i'll
again last Saturday. DR.. Dascombe
is the attending physician and Mrs.
Susie Howes of Concord Is caring for
Mrs. Lawrence.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. F. Boardman of
Skowhegan were visitors last week
of their son II. A. Boardman and fam
lily.
Miss Evelyn Sennett left last Fri
day for visit with her parents in
Albion returning Monday to reopen
her school,
Fred and Dennis Wood are cutting
wood for j. L. Spaulding
VIM. hatcher has a COW that gave
birth to pair of twin calves on Fri
day OF last week.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
BURNS NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
Received too late for publication

fReceived too late for publication
last week.
Mrs. Katie Laid and sons Walter
and frankie of Mercer were Sunday
visitors of Mrs. Ladd's brother, Fred
Otis.
Elmer Ladd of Madison is working
for Fred Otis this fall.
Misses Dorothy and Marion Billings
and Dorothy Brown attended the Ly
ceum play at Madison Monday night.
Elmer Laid has recently purchased
an Overland touring car.
We are having some fine weather
this fall.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
NEW PORTLAND

nose at home over the holiday
Edna Mitchell, Martha Spear
wood King and Mr.. and Mrs. AL
: Burns.
~ Louise Jones was called to
asa Friday by the Illness OF her
|'aey Luce has moved his fam
h'o Della Gould's house for the
and Mrs. Chancey Clark and
Sa'er Francis or w. Harrington
callers in town Sunday. Irv-
bailey, {. o. Bangs and family
'sla We're here Sunday. Mr.. and
'9An Burns are visiting at Fay
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
HIGHLAND

Fred Fish and Rosa Lagee of Dan
vile Junction are spending a few
days in town hunting and stopping
Howard.
Fenton Dunphy who has been en-
ployed at Bridgton is spending few
days with his parents. Mr.. and Mrs.
\. J. Dunphy.
Will Finney who has been al Lang
town is home for the week end
\ party of hunters from Portland
have been occupying 4. ] Dunphy's
cabin
George Gould OF North Arson who
has been visiting his daughter. Mrs.
Eliza Howard has returned 10 his
home
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
HIGHLAND

(Receiyed toe late for publication
last week.
Warren Gould who has been spend
ing few days down river has re-
turned home.
Miss Bessie Howard made bust
ness trip to Langton's one day last
week.
l.. W. Nutting who has been EN-
ployed at Concord for the past few
weeks has returned home.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
HOXR

E. L. Damon of Smithfield was a
caller here Saturday.
Herbert York is making extensive
repairs ION his house here and also his
house In Oakland.
Mr.. and Mrs. Virgil Clement of
Skowhegan were calling on relatives
here Sunday.
Allie Merrifield of Waterville was
caller here recently.
Mrs. Geneva Harris was caller in
Waterville one day the past week.
Mrs. Marshall Micue is on the sick
list suffering with rheumatism.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
soIrTH SOLON

.,,or French is cooking for A. c.
Heald a. ME social at the Dongfeflow
Al mouse Halloween, over $50 was
'palaed. ,,,mer Jackson are IN the
, for A. c. Head. -
'ooas .r y adams is baling hay in this
zcinitY.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1923-11-15
News Of Somerset's Busy Towns

Weeks, while here on a hunting trip.
Stanley Lawrence was in Bangor
over The week end.
Smith and Atkinson attended the
football game at Waterville Monday
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28

expensive buildings and equipment
are required. (2) only cheap rough-
ages and feeds are necessary. (3)
home grown feed may furnish over
nlnety-hve per cent of the ration.
and 90 only small amount Of I'M
skilled labor is necessary to handle
large herd. These points should be
kept in mind especially in the man
agement and feeding of beef COWS
during the winter.
The buildings used should be in.
expensive. The chief requirements
are that they be tight overhead and
on the north, east and west. open on
the south and dry underfoot. Nature
has provided beef animals with a
thick, furry coat Of hair and sub
cutaneous layer Of fat that furnish
ample warmth during the winter #
the cattle have a dry place in which
to lie. where they are protected from
cold winds, and especially from STOW
and sleet. A shed opening to the
south, The basement of barn or airy
other building possessing these re-
quirements should serve the purpose.
The principal difficulties encoun-
tered by beef producers in this seq
ton in the past were due to housing
the cattle too closely and the feeding
of expensive mill" feeds. The feed
racks ana grain hunks should be
substantially built with the material
and the labor at hand. Since the
cattle are not fastened but are al
lowed to go in and out OF the build
ing at will, expensive stanchions and
other equipment are not needed.
While litter and feed carriers and
concrete floors conserve fertility, Ge.
crease labor, and save time, they are
not essential.
Cheap rOuehaGes and feeds snruld
be used. Unmarked hay and ,silagc
should make up large part of the
ration Of beef cows during winter.
| Either Of the following rations will
keep the cows in good condition dur
ing the winter: twenty or thirty
pounds Of silage. two pounds of cot
/ ton seed meal, and whatever amount
OF bean pods or rough hay the cattle
will clean up; or all the silage the
cows will eat supplemented with one
pound of cottonseed meal 70 each
one thousand pounds of live weighr
However, for best results. the COWS
should receive some straw or chelp
hay in addition, as shown by expert
mcnts conducted by the pennSyl-
vana Agricultural Experiment Sta
ton.
Other rations made up entirely of
home grown feeds are:
Ration /.
- pounds corn silage.
3 pounds clover or Alfalfa hay,
10 pounds oats straw.
Ration ..
10 pounds corn stover.
5 pounds clover or Alfalfa hay,
10 pounds oats straw.
In a publication from the United
States Department of Agriculture,
Civilization of farm wastes in feed
ing livestock. $. II. Ray. United
States Department of Agriculture
Farmers Bulletin S13) the following
rations for winterng beef breeding
COWS are given:
Ration l
10 pounds straw
20 pounds silaGe
l pound cottonseed or linsced meal
Ration
20 pounds straw
? pounds cottonseed or oil cake
| Ration 3
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28

COW to calve. and little care will be
necessary except in unusual cases.
The most desirable place for calving
in the winter is n clean box stall to
which the COW has become accus-
toned. The COW should have album
dant exercise and water at all times.
Corn, barley, or other carbohydrate
feeds should be excluded from the
ration, and bran mash should lie the
only feed for twenty-four hours be-
fore calving. Plenty of cool. fresh
water should be given. Assistance
may be rendered in cases of difficult
parturtion, but this is seldom neces-
sary if the COW has been properly fed
and given opportunity for exercise
during pregnancy.
Summer Care and Manage ment Of
the Cows and Calves
The care of the cows and calves
during the summer depends largely
on the purpose for which the calves
are to be kept. In all cases \ maxi
mum use of pasture should be made,
and, unless the calves are being
raised for some special purpose, the
milk of the COW together with pas
ture will furnish the feed of the calf
during the first summer
Breeding herds for the production
Of feeder and stocker cattle require
little attention during the summer.
Cows. calves, and bull may be turned
on pasture and allowed to remain
there until the pasture freezes in the
fail. They need only be visited oc-
casionally to see that they are not in
need of grass or water and to give
them salt. Such cattle need no adj
dltional feed SO long as they have
plenty of grass.
If calves are to be exhibited at
fairs or are to be sold at an early
.ag, as breeding stock, or as baby
beeves, they need special manage
ment. The simplest method of
forcing calves is to allow them to
run with the COWS on pasture and
have access to creep where they
can help themselves to salt. grain
mixture. and clean bright clover hay.
The following method Is more COM
plicated yet gives more rapid gains
and permits more careful prepara-
ton. especially for show cattle and
sale cattle. After the calves are two
weeks old, they are removed from
the cows. placed in a grassy paddock
where there is abundant grass, shade
and water. and allowed to nurse the
COWS three times a day This is
continued for from two to four weeks,
after which the cows are allowed to
run with the cows at night. During
the day the calves have access to
salt, grain mixture, and clover hay.
A grain mixture suitable for this
purpose is composed by measure. of
two parts corpmeal, one part oats,
and one part bran.
Calves should be broken to halter
at this time as it will save time and
trouble in handling later on.
Male calves that are not to be kent
for breeding purposes should be cas-
trated at about two weeks of age.
The Cows Curing Winter
The four principle advantages in
the production of beef are: % in
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28
10 pounds straw

10 pounds straw
10 pounds shock corn
pound cottonseed or l.nsccd meal
Ration 4
35 pounds slower
pound cottonseed or linseed oil
meal
Cattle fed on corn silage come
through the winter at less cost and
IN better condition than those fed on
marketable roughages. The beef
herd affords a means OF utilizing UNI
marketable roughage, a large amount
Of which is wasted each year in New
England due to rains at haying time
and to the fact that fodder and bean
pods are not in suitable form for
market. Not only should the feeds
used be home grown, except the pro-
tein supplement. but the ration
should be so simple and free from
completely that it can be easily pre-
pared and placed before the cattle
with the least labor. No skilled labor
is required in this system OF man.
agement, and one man can feed and
care for a large herd of beef cows
with the ordinary equipment found
on practically any New England
farm.
hN S'tiNco ne WGaHeu aS
soon'as the cows are taken off pas
tHe. During the winter the cow
should be allowed to devote her en-
tire feed to Q) the maintenance of her
own health and vigor. (2) the pro-
duction of, a strong fetus, and (3) the
storing up Of energy to be used in the
production of her future milk sup
ply. IL the COW goes into winter
quarters in good condition and is
properly fed, she should gain about
one-half pound day during the
winter. This gain is fat, but is
due to the development of the fetus
she is carrying. The amount Of feed
given per day should be regulated ac-
cording to the condition of the cattle.
When they are found to be losing
weight on ration. the amount Of
fattening feed should be increased
and the straw or other cheap rough
age low in food value should be de-
creased.
In the case of extremely poor feed
or sudden severe weather or other
conditions affecting the cattle, 1t may
be necessary to feed small amount
of grain. but with rations such as
! those recommended this should not be
necessary.
Calves During the First Winter
Since the calf is wcaned at the
beginning of the first winter. par
ticular care should be exercised to
see that it receives some grain be-
fore weaving SO that the change does
not stunt it. The ration should con-
sist largely Of leguminous hay and
grain. Silage may be fed in place of
a large proportion of the hay and
grain. but in this case some protein
supplement. such as cottonseed or
lnseed meal. must be added to the
ration. Many breeders allow the
calves to run with the cows up to
within two months of the time of
calving with good results. This.
however. is a strain on the cows,
especially if they have been bred dur
ing the first heat period after calv-
inc.
Purebred calves that are to be re-
tanned in the herd or that are to be
sold for breeding purposes. should be
taught to lead and should become
accustomed to being handled. Pure
hrcds that are to be sold to breeders
should be kept in fit condition for in
spection at all times. and any ami
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28
BEEF BREEDING IN new ENGLAND
BY DR.. X. ]. SEULKE
al Manager, Je ffersnn Far

'"is' iEc. Jefferson, Maine
ing IN the East due to increa sod NON
a.al,oh, caused the decline in hnef
plouuction In the Eastern STATES ~
New Engiand especially It was n -
,1se extent supplanted by dairvino
a..nuush a number Of high ora e
puieored herds of the yarions haof
oaeeus nave been maintained. and IN
ssoae OF the counties steer feed,rs.
try. p'o'aoie lhuus-
-, Agricultural conditions are again
iainn 'Hs. me western ranges are
n,ar s ulvided into homesteads, for
80 49, sraz,hg lands are being Guilt
reser,.o anu even Government forest
ssetTes are being so managed that
very little grazing is alIowed T,rr' a
IN the Middle West are con,n,ar 81 ms
Hhsh prices, while those in tho No -
are selling for low prices due to de-
p,e,eo SOIL fertility. The production
,; nu proper management of more
.inestock on these farms will do much
eoMa.o building up soil fertility. In
1oui'ion. at present beef is in great
ueiidnu and beef cattle of all kinds
are selling for high prices. These
conultlons are causing renewed int
crest IN beef 'cattle production in
New England. Purebred animals ~
me beef breeds are in demand fo,.
breeding purposes. If good iud~.
nent Is exercised. beef cattle produc-
'ioh may be profitably extended in
.aany sections of the East, where
pastures, shade and water abound
Many breeders will produce pure
pred stock, but the ma jority will nro-
duce grade stock for market, as This
requires a smaller outlay for foun-
cation stock and less care and man
agement. The grading I'D of com
mon Stock by the use of a purebred
pun is advised, especially for the be-
ginner. Should he desire to take up
the production of purebreds, he need
only add fed pure bred cows. and.
as experience is gained, his herd will
increase IN the number of purebreds
so that by the time he is ready to
handle beef cattle on a larger scale
he will have a small herd of nure-
breds with which to work,
The quality of the foundation cows
may vary according to the length of
.iine the breeder has in which to
Dulid up his herd or the amount of
money he has for his initial invest
ment. The better the stock with
which the breeder begins, the moro
valuable will be the offspring and
the sooner the herd will attain a high
standard of quality. In general, the
foundation cows should be the most
thickly fleshed beef cows obtainablc,
Dlocky and compact, and as large
as possible without being coarse and
hacking in quality or fcmininity. 1t
is essential that they be regular
breeders and that they produce
enough milk to suckle strong, vigor-
Gus calves.
The bull should be purebred and
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28

mails that are misshapen or not
thrifty should be gotten rid Of.
Bulls and heifers should be separ-
ated before going into winter quar-
tiers, or IL possible before that time
to prevent heifers being bred too
young.
Cattle that are to be marketed as
baby beeves should be fed more grain
than those kept for breeding pur-
poses. They need not be taught to
lead or to be handled.
Cattle that are to be sold at two
years of age as feeders do not re-
quire the care that breeding animals
or baby ewes do. They are usually
"roughed" through the winter on
cheap feeds, such as unmarketable
leguminOus hay or corn silage and
straw with some protein in the form
OF protein supplements or roughage.
Care should be exercised to see that
these cattle are not stunted during
the winter. They should be kept in
thrifty growing condition, as the
profits in wintering them are derived
from the development of frame and
muscle and the increase in price
when they are in demand to go on
grass in the spring.
Care Of Calves During theS Second
>~ Summer
The treatment Of the yearlings dur
ing the second summer depends
largely on the purpose for which they
are intended. If they are to be grown
for stockers or for breeding animals
for the breeders own use and are not
to be forced TO make a maximum
growth for sale, show. or baby beef
purposes, they may simply be turned
on pasture that has plenty OF shade
and water and given silage or hay If
the pasture dries up in midsummer.
The summer feeding Of silaee or hay
Is not usually necessary due to the
abundant rainfall in New England.
Baby beeves should he fed grain
so that they may be forced to natur-
ity as rapidly as possible. 1t often
pays to keep them up during the day
and allow them to Craze at night in
order to escape the flies and make
more rapid gains. II baby beeves
are sufficiently we'll bred and well
fed, they should be ready for market
at the end of the second summer or
soon afterward.,
The pure bred calves that are ready
for sale should be kept in fit condi-
uOn Tor the buyer by feeding them
some grain, but they should not be
too fat.
Care and Management Of the Bull
Since the bull is the sire Of all the
calves produced and has as much to
do with their quality as the re-
mainder of the herd. 1t is important
not only that he be good in
dividual. but that he receive good
feed and treatment.
Most beef bulls are ruined by too
heavy use at an carly age. which makes
them uncertain breeders ever after
ward. beef bull is not SO active nor
does he attain to sexual maturity at so
early an age as a dairy bull: therefore.
the number of services n season should
be limited. A wcll-grown bull between
II and "a months of age may be used
on from 10 to IL cows to,test his prcpo-
tency. for he is able to transmit his
chara ctcristics to his offspring as we'll
as an older bull and his first calves arc a
good indication of his value as sire.
Age does not affect prepotency. but
care, management and feeding do.
Age. hcwcvor. does affect prolificacy.
and If used to any great extent the
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28

the best that can be obtained with
III the financial limits Of the breeder.
regardless Of whether the cows are
grade or purebred. He should al
ways be considerably better than the
cows on which he is used, for only in
this way is herd graded up. Sue
ceeding bulls should be not only of
the same breed, but Of the same type
and good representatives Of their
breeds. so that the resulting Off
spring may be uniform in tyne In
general, the bull should be blocky
and compact, close to the ground,
with top and bottom lines parallel,
and Of even width from front to back
when viewed from above. He should
be well let down in the twist.
Breast, neck and head should indi-
cate mascuHnity and the power to
reproduce.
Management Of Cows During the
Breeding Season
The age at which a beef heifer
should be bred for the first time de-
Ponds on her previous growth and
development. Ordinarily we'll
grown beef heifer should be bred at
about eighteen months and should
remain a profitable breeder for ten
or twelve years. Many individuals
Will be free and regular breeders for
a much longer time. although this
depends largely on the breeding, care
and handling. The season at which
TO breed depends on the facilities at
hand, whether the cattle are being
produced for market or for purebred
purposes, and whether they arc
strictly beef or dual purpose cattle
For market beef the calves should be
dropped. on grass in the spring. as
this eliminates a great deal OF care
and is conducive to the best devcl-
opment of the calf. In this case the
heifer should be bred during the
early summer.
In the purcbred herd in which
pedigreed beef cattle and especially
those for show purposes are pro-
duced, some of the calves should be
dropped as soon after September
first as possible and the remainder
as soon after January first as posi- =
be. In order that they may have a
long period Of growth before entry
in the senior and junior classes re-
spectively.
On the farm where show animals
are not produced, cows are usually
bred as soon as they come in heat
after calving.
Grain feeding is not essential pre-
vlous to breeding. but it is desirable
to have the cows gaining slightly in
weight at breeding time. If cows
are bred during the winter for fall
calNlnS. they may he fed silage or
leSuminous hay: if they are bred on
pasture for spring calving, no other
feed is necessary
Care and Feeding at CaIving Time
The breeder of purebreds will
know when the COW is due to calvc
and prepare accordingly; whenever
possible 4 record should be kept of
when the calf is due.
Cows seIved while on pasture, in
most cases, will calve while on pas
ture. This is the ideal place for the
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28

No section of the United States has
more consumers in it's midst in proper
ton TO it's area than has New England.
Here are located the great manufac-
turing and meat consuming centers Of
America. Here are located the great
ccnters of Jewish population whose
Continued on Page II, Col. 81
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1923-06-28

1,.a Angus cattle and Duroc Jersey
,... and we have endeavored to
l,uss the question of beef pro-
;atoa without showing any par
,dty as to bree,., as we have a
ra, interest in TIE welfare of Asri-
3 ,tural New England. and feel that
s,,e a new era is about to unfold
! hehooves all of us who are honest
Interested in the Improvement and
i,yslopment of this section to do
h, mart in unshackling the wheels
tposress.
Beef Breeding in New England
The production Of beef cattle was
hmerly an important and highly
lgeloped industry in New England.
M opening up of the western
nases, the division of the eastern
auing lands into small farms. and
A, adoption of more intensive farm