davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
MRS. HERZOG
MAKES DENIAL
Husband Not Drunk, She Says
Says His Body Showed
injuries After Bridge Crash

Mrs. AIRY Herzog. widow of Julius
Herzog. who died following an acct
dent on the state bridge on the
morning of October 6, last, came to
the News Office this morning and re-
futed the statement that has been
made that her husband had been in
toxicated for three days and was in
that condition when killed in the
plunge of the automobile of Joan
r. Bradley through the guard rail
on the state bridge at the time of
his death.
According to Mrs. Herzog she sad
her husband had received a pune
tured chest and suffered two frac-
lures of the leg. This she said she
was told by Undertaken Zylka, who
had charge of the funeral as COM
ing from Coroner Hillpot. called
at the time of the death of her hus-
band.
Mrs. Herzog said that she was
lever notified of the trial of Brad
ley for the death of her husband
on a manslaughter charge and was
not aware of the trial being over
and Bradley freed until she reed It
in the News on Wednesday. With
regard to the intoxication part she
said that her husband was home in
bed on one of the nights that it had
been said that he was out and on
another occasion he was in police
court on a case where a mau had
struck his child, she said. She has
three children depending on her and
Is in poor circumstances left from
the loss of her husband.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
MetuChen Social
And Personal Items

The salvation Army drive has been
set for the week Of May z, accord
ing to an announcement made this
morning by Mrs. Otto F. Seggel,
chairman.
The B. I. L. has received a large
selection of cakes, candy and food
stuffs for their sale to be held to-
morrow afternoon at the league
house.
Next Tuesday afternoon Mrs. Mar
Jon Atwell will give her final lecture
on current events.
A group OF women, members of
the B. I. L., will be present at the
meeting OF the Chamber of Com
,nerce to be held at the Y. M. c. A.
tonight.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harvey Shannon left
the borough this morning to spend
the weekend as guests OF friends
in Brooklyn.
The marriage of Dorothy Robbins
10 John Cuneo of Jersey City. will
take place tomorrow.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Z MENTIONED
IN SHERIFF RACE
John Lessen and Fred GoWen
Being Boosted for This I'm
portant Office

NEW BRUNSWICK, April 20:-
Efforts are being made by the friends
of two prominent Republicans to
have these men throw their hat in
the ring as candidates for the nomi-
nation for sheriff next fall. These
two men, whose names are being
boosted by thei %adherents, are John
Lessen of Woodbridge. county super
visor of roads. and Under-sherif
Frederick Gowen Of Highland Park.
Neither of these e have n
nounced themselves as candidates as
yet but they now loom as the posi-
BILE select n from their respective
parts Of Middlesex. The Woodbridge
Republicans maintain that the
sheriffs of recent years have all come
from New Brunswick or vicinity and
that 1t is time for the Woodbridge
section to have a man elected to that
office. Both Gown and Lessen are
staunch Republicans, their support
ers point out, and either man Is
looked upon to make a good run If
nominated.
Although the name of Mayor
William c. Wilson. of Perth Amboy.
has been mentioned as a possible
candidate, it is not thought the Re-
publicans of that city will sacrifice
thei local leader for the sake Of
getting him in the county Office.
Republican leader point out that
the mayors leaving the office VI
CHEZ executive of Perth Amboy In
order to become sheriff would leave
an opening for the Democrats,
which is not looked upon with favor
by the G. o. P. men.
Former Assemblyman Edward J.
Peterson, of Perth Amboy. has also
been mentioned as a possible aspir-
ant for the office of sheriff, but he
has not as yet announced himself
as a candidate.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
MRS. ANNA B. RUNYON
is CALLED TO REST

Mrs. Anna Beck Runyon. widow
of John Runyon, and mother of W.
Parker Runyon and George ..
Runyon, of this city and Allenhurst,
died yesterday morning at her home
in New Brunswick. at the age of
ninety-two years.
Mrs. Runyon was born in Lin
colnshire, England. She came 70
this country when a girl and settled
in New Brunswick. Her husband
has been dead about thirty years.
They were among the first settlers
in Ocean Grove. Besides w. Par
ker and George d. Runyon. she Is
survived by three other ons and a
daughter. Miss Amelia Runyon,
Frank, John and Theodore RunyoD.
Mrs. Runyon was a life lorg
member of Pitman Methodist Epis-
copa church. New Brunswick. The
funeral will be held tomorrow af-
ternoon at 3 o'clock from her lac
residence and the interment will be
Elmwood cemetery, New Bruins
wick.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
new YORK UNAMERICAN,
KLAN EMPEROR SAYS

TULSA, Okla, April 90. = New
York is the most un-American cen
rer on the American continent" Viii
liam J.. Simmons, emperor of the
Ku Klux Klan, declared here last
night to the Kamelia, the w,oman's
organization formed along the lines
of the Khan, at their first general
convention.
Directing the attention of the con-
vention to what he said was the
menace to the white protestant
civilization of the race from all
sides" Col. Simmons said the fore
e,gn population settled in the great
centers of population, he cited New
York. r
within a radius of nineteen
miles" lie said, there are more
tran ave millions of people con-
OF this enormous centraliz-
ed population there are only 1,100,-
eco n~ative-born, white protestant
Americans. The majority of some
six million of this vast centralized
are of every land ana Of
every tongue and every creed.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Perth Anboy
Personal Mention

Mrs. William N. Kant, who has
been visiting Miss Agnes Kant of
Jefferson street, for a few days, has
returned to her home in Brookline,
Mass.
A son was born to Mr.. and Mrs.
John Slobodien, Of Long Beach,
Calf, formerly of this city.
Harry Neal. of State street, wit
messed the Giants-Boston game at
the Polo Grounds Wednesday.
Mrs. Arthur Wight, of Boston, has
been spending sometime with rela-
tiVes in this city and Woodbridge.
Miss Helen Warren of Columbia
University, is spending the week end
at her home in ordon street.
When the Mauretania arrives to-
morrow among those who will dis
embark will be Mrs. Frederick Nei-
dermeyer and Misses Linda and Car
olyn Hansen.
Miss May Mandel, OF Woman's
College in New Brunswick, Is
spending the week end with her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel Man
del, of Rector street.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
N. ]. POLICE CAPTAIN RESIGNS


TRENTON, April 20.-Captain
John Weinmann, of the State police,
a rendered his resignation to Col.
II. Norman Schwarzkopf, the head
of the force, and it has been accent
ed. The commander a~nnouhj:ed TO-
day, Weinmann was the officer who
was involved in the fight with Cor
poral John Manyon, who earlier this
week was dismissed from the force
for disobedience to orders.
Col. Schwarzkopf demanded Wein-
mann's retirement as the result of
the testimony brought out at the
trial of Manyon. 1t was there ad-
mitted by all witnesses that the cap
tain who lives here was the agres-
sor In the fight that occurred, cali
ing Manyon names first and then
striking him. Manyon charged Vein
mann was intoxicated.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
PERTH AMDOY ROTARIANS
At BOUND BROOK Event

Perth Amboy Rotarians to the
number of eighteen attended the
charter night event of the Bound
Brook Rotary Club at Bound Brook
Wednesday. 1t was a big occasion
for Rotary and some fine addresses
wer, heard. There were about 200
present. One of the speakers point
ed with pride to the fact that among
the eight senators who stood back
OF Governor Silzer in his fight
against pernicious legislation during
the last session of the legislature,
there were two Rotarians. Senator
Clarence Case of Somerv!lle. aid
Senator Morgan F. Larson of Perth
Amboy. The Perth Amboy delesa-
ton led in the cheering following
this statement. Those in the party
from this city were Aylin Pierson,
Ralph Alcan, Ferd Garretson. Jim
Forse, Dan Olmstead, Colby Dill,
Oliver Hatfield, Roy Minton. Charlie
Hill, Ted Spawn. Hundred Per Cent
Eddie Mccormick, Clancy Boyntor.
I. T. Madsen, Andrew Wight,
Charlie McWilliam. Logon eleven
ger. Joe Grier and Ira Grouse.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
ARREST FORMER
DOC CATCHERS
Were Together in Wagon
When Arrested on Charge
of Being Drunk

ION to Baltimore or Woodbridge
Arthur Murish and Ole Olesen. two
former local dog-catchers. were al
legged to have said In driving out
Amboy avenue early last night. They
were arrested near Brace avenue a
few moments later on a drunk and
disorderly charge.
Seated in his racing car behind
his Spark Plug ana with HIS assis-
tant at his side, Murish Is said to
have planned the trip to Baltimore
where he was to enter his pride
against the Original Spark Plug on
the Baltimore track.
Whether the Burish Spark Plug
had partaken of the same liquid as
his owner and assistant, is not
known, but it Is said the animal
ran into a standing automobile and
resulted in the cart being turned
over and its occupants thrown to
the street. Officer Marmon appre-
hended the two men on a drunk
and d~isorderly charge.
The purpose of the trip to Wood
bridge as mentioned above, Ia ba<
lieved to have been planned to n
able the men to make application
for the position Of dog-catcher which
is open in the township.
The two former officials OF the
city were lodged in jail over night
and this morning were ordered to
pay a fine of SIS apiece. Murish, it
is said, thought that the automo-
bile had run into his ear.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Triangle Club TO Give
ssBunch of Fun,' al ~
Social Events to
Help Building Fund

WOODBRIDGE, April 90. - Two
events are being planned for next
week to swell the building und of
the Congregation Adath Israel. Mrs.
S. Vogei, of Main street. has arrang-
ed a party for the night of April rs
and is being assisted in the function
by a committee composed of Mrs. S.
Yogel, Mrs. L. Frankei. Mrs. Fried
man and Mrs. Weiner. On Saturday
afternoon. April %. a food and cake
sale will be held for the same cause
at the homo of Mrs. Louis Frankel,
of School street.
Louis Frankei, chairman of the
finance committee of the congrega-
ton, reports the following contribu-
lions from friends in Perth Amboy
and various sections Of Woodbridge
township:
Perth Amboy Beef Company, $50;
Sol. Rubenstein $25; Isaac A1Iern,
s25; Perth Amboy Garage Company,
$25; Raritan Dairy Company. s25;
David Wilentz, $25: Klein Brothers,
vath, $40; DIR. Gray, $40; NJ. Con-
ard, $40; Perth AmboY City Mar
ket, $40: j. Karkus, SO; L. Kem-
eny, SIS; Leo Goldberger. So: Mr..
Schloss, So; Klein G. Nolan. So; Mr..
Wilkin, IS: B. Coin, So; Isidor Cast,
IS; S. Plane. IS: collected by A.
Keyses. $3.50; NJ. Tobrowsky.- So:
Mr.. Aftzen, So; Philip Levy. IS:
David Euschman, IS; B.. Nussbaum,
IS; Jacobs. So; Packer House, IS;
P. j. Belikove, IS; Slobodien Bros,
IS; r. Weissberger, So: L. Pargot,
50; Joseph Gill, Port Reading, IS;
Peter Greiner, IS; Mr.. Blum. of
Fords, $40; Friend, $40; r. A. Hir-
ner. $14; Friend, $40; Frank Con-
ney, IS; George Clark, IS; Mr.. Will
liams, 81 and H. j. Neider, 81.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
LAST BIBLE CLUB SUPPER
HELD Y. NJ. c. A. BOYS

The final Bible club supper Of the
Y. M. c. A. boys for the 1928
year was held Tuesday night, re-
O from Boys Work Secretary
Fenby w. Scott. received at that
time, showing that the attendance
during the session was thirty-five per
cent. higher than that of last year.
Rev. Wilbert Westcott, taking as his
subject: 1.-THE Bible: The Greatest
Book in the World" gave an inter-
esting talk. Mrs. Whitney Lesson
sang for the boys, ABOUT ninety of
whom were present.
The following boys had records of
perfect attendance during the term:
Edward Ewert, of the Cadets; How
ard Mathiasen, of the Triangles;
Wilson Dietche and Charles Nc
Cabe, of the Giants: Nicholas Tor
rell and Angelo Rivillini. of the
Champions; Warren Hanson, OF the
Jr. Hi-Y; Fred Burbank, of the Sc
nior Hi-Y. The classes opened o n
October 20 and continued to April
II.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
FordS Items
of Personal Interest

Mr.. and Mrs. Merwin Jewell an
snounce the birth OF a son.
Mrs. E. C. Moore returned to her
home yesterday after undergoing an
operation on her eyes at an Eliza
beth hospital.
Mrs.. Arthur echwartz was the
guest OF Mrs. Andrew Clausen Tues
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Lcoeer have
purchased q new sedan.
Mrs. M. Niels visited relatives here
yesterday afternoon.
Mrs. George Woodcock was an out
.of-town visitor Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Egan, ST., and
their daughter Elizabeth were the
guests of friends ia Perth Amboy on
Wednesday.
Baby clinic was held yesterday at
the Fords school. Miss Rose Nash,
district nurse, was in charge.
Celestins Blanchard was an out
pf-town visitor Wednesday.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
improvements Made

Considerable improvement is being
made along the waterfront on the
property owned by the Raritan Mer-
camille Company, which was recently
purchased by M. Irving Demarest. A
new steel derrick il in urs OF con-
s~truction and other important
changes in construction are being
made. Mr.. Demarest has recently
completed repairs to the dock on the
Meredith property, adjoining the
small city dock. These repairs gives
the waterfront two good docks, one
the lareg city dock and the other
the Meredith dock. Joining these
two docks is the smaller city dock,
which is in poor condition.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Mission Society
At Mrs. Walkers

The regular monthly. meeting of
the Women's Missionary Society, Of
the First Baptist church was held
last Tuesday afternoon at the home
of Mrs. j. F. Walker, 81 Gordon
street.
The Home Missionary book, 1.-THE
Trend OF the Races" was completed
with an interesting paper by Mrs.
Victor B. Christofferson, and a re-
sumo of the last chapter OF the book
by Mrs. Walker. followed by an in
formal talk on the Negroes of the
South" by Miss Florence feathers.
A delightful piano solo was rem
dered by Miss Lucy Bernard, Mar
gurite Douglas entertained with a
pleasing vocal solo appropriate to
the occasion. A social time during
which refreshments were served, fol-
lowed.
i. Plans were completed at this meet
Ing for a covered dish luncheon to
be given by the Ladies' Missionary
Society on May Is, in the chapel.
Mrs. William H. Bawden, of Eliza
beth, will deliver an address at this
time. All ladies OF the church are
invited,
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
CONDEMNATION
HEARING TODAY
Last Witnesses in Case of P.
A. Grain Company Are Be-
ing Heard at City Hall

The condemnation commission in
the grade crossing elimination. sit
ting at the city hall today. is hea"-
ing the last witnesses in the case
of the Perth Amboy Flour and
Grain Company. The witnesses at
today's session have been B. Hore-
WITT, one of the p%roprietors OF the
firm: William Spencer. R. d. Van
Duzer and Daniel Zehnor. an eng
nee of the Lehigh Valley railroad.
who has made a detailed study OF
the elimination.
Testimony concerned the pur-
chase of the property. the price
paid for it and details in relation
to drainage and grading the road
way after the elimination is CON-
pleted. Thomas Brown is represent
Ing the property owners, and Adrian
Lyon the railroad.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
EDGE OPENS ATTACK ON
ON YOLSTEAD ACT

ATLANTIC CITY, April 20-In his
first public speech since his open
alignment with the wet forces OF
New Jersey, Senator Walter e. Edge.
speaking before the New Jersey
State Hotelmen's Association here
las night made an exhaustive al
tack against the Volstead act, to-
ward which he pledged his best eff
forts to modify.
In a speech lasting for almost an
hour the senator held up the pres
ent prohibition law to ridicule and
laid atthe door of Volsteadism what
he declared was a rapidly growing
disrespect for all law.
The Volstead act Is impractical
and is a direct lie in itself TO the
constitution of the United States, ,
Senator Edge said.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Rosary Society
Prizes at Party

Mrs. John Huff was awarded the
door prize, a scarf, at the regular
weekly card party of the Rosary So
ciety held in st. Mary's hall in Cen
tire street, last night. Mrs. William
Reid, was chairman of the affair.
Mrs. P. Van SICKLE, was awarded the
cold meat fork; Miss Marion Court
ney. the embroidered towel: Mrs. f.
Courtney. slippers; and Mrs. W.
Gray, the basket. The following
prizes were awarded in the different
games:
Pinochle; Miss Marie Mortensen;
aluminium kettle; Mrs. A. Kay, Jr.,
luncheon cloth: Mrs. Violet Labecke,
glasses; William De1more, percola-
tor; Mrs. w. Cook. coffee; Mrs. VIII
liam Delmore, tea s%trainer; Mrs.
Bracken. towels: Mrs. A. Kay, Sr.
salad bowl; Mrs. Henry Slater. silk
hose; Mrs. Gallagher, pin cushion:
Mrs. r. Solt, collar; and Mrs. Jo-
seph Van Syckle, boudoir cap.
Five Hundred: Mrs. Catherine
Clapsadell. towels; Miss Mary White.
work basket; Mrs. Charles White.
half dozen plates: Mrs. Frank
Rhodes. towels; Mrs. j. II. White,
towel set; Miss Catherine Nolan,
apron; Mrs. Eberlin. glasses; Mrs.
Ramsay, apron: Miss Helen Calvin.
glass bowl; Mrs. Joseph Hartung.
silver thimble; Mrs. Thomas Ford,
powder box.
Peanut Jab: Mrs. Charles Quinn,
silk hose; Mrs. Jack Martin. scarf;
Mrs. j. Smith, salad bowl; and Mrs.
William Buckley, crocheted yoke:
Euchre: John DAILY. crocheted yoke:
Walter Clark, canister set; Mrs.
Quinlan, glasses; Mrs. J.. DAILY. scarf;
and P. Scannell, glasses. The win
ner of the five pound box of candy
was Mrs. Hunt and the winner of
the two dollar and a half gold piece
Richard Calvin.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
8 REPORTED KILLED IN
GERMAN CITY RIOTINC

MOELHEIM, April 20 (By The
associated Press)-After being ter
munist mob which held II. MueIbeI,,
today Is again under control of tba
constituted German authorities. The
lorce OF 800 police and city officials
winch had been besieged in The
fathaus issued from the great
tortress-like building this morning
cut through the lines of the he.
slegers. caught them in the rear.
arrested many. and again took cou-
troll of the city.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
SCHOOL LEGISLATION
TOPIC At CONFERENCE

TRENTON, April 20.-A report of
recent legislation affecting the school
system by Assistant State Commits
sloner of Education Chsrles j. Stra-
nan, was the concluding feature of
the annual conference of county
school superintendent and teachers
which opened here yesterday. This
mornings session was presided over
by Commissioner John Enright.
Ihere were only a few delegates
VINO remained for this morning
meeting. The greater part Of the
educators left the city last night for
their homes.
commissioner Enright in introduce
ing the speakers, declared that both
would fill their new posts with great
efficiency, thus %reflecting credit up-
on the state.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Three Summons issued

Three summons were Issued 10y
the local motorcycle squad yesterday
and last night, n each by Motor
Cycle Officers Frank Seiboth. Paul
Layden and Frank Burke. Seth 9TH
summoned Sam Vernillo of Port
Reading for failure to have a real
light, Layden summoned Joseph
10th of South River for speeding,
and Burke gave Anthony DeMarso
q written order to appear in court
for . similar violation.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
ORDERS CARS MOVED

Officer Michael Burke last night
notified G.. Wickberg to remoye a
truck and car which had been park
ed on State street south of Lewis
street during the better part of the
night. Yesterday an order was issued
by Chief Niels J. Tonnesen regarding
the parking of cars along this
stretch every night. This order was
put into force as a result of numer-
Gus complaints received by the chief.
Another reason for the issuance of
this order is the recent reported
bootlegging activities along the local
shorss H
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Raritan Township
Personal Mention

Miss Eleanore Bloomfield and Miss
dvy Ivans. of New York. are the
guests Of Charles Bloomfield this
week.
The Misses Mabel and Sophie
Womelsdorf and Elizabeth Pfeiffer
attended the gym classes at the Me-
sciiea-Y. M. C. A. last night.
Junior Bible Class will meet to-
night at the parsonage of Our Re-
deemer's church.
Howard Bloomfield attended a
performance at the Metropolitan
Opera House last night.
Miss Eileen Herbert is visiting at
the home of friends here.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
MANY Attend Dance

Dover nine hundred people at
tended the dance held in Junior hall,
last night, under the direction OF the
Prosperity Boys. Ernie Krickett's
orchestra and Allie Madlen's Jazz
orchestra furnished the music for
the dancing. Harry and MathildAc
Laing, of Philadelphia, was awarded
the door prize, a loving cup. Much
credit is due the committee in
charge of the affair, consisting of
Axel Nelson, chairman, John Jeffries,
Hans Lund, Clement Wingler, AR
mon valenti and Andrew Kerns, for
"a ANszsss 81 ~ kssiE.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Metro Club
To Plan Dance

The Metro Social Club will hold
their regular meeting in the Western
improvement Association hall, In
Brace avenue, to complete
ments for their dance, which will
be held in the Western Improvement
hall, on Saturday. May 6. At the
close of the business session cards
will be played. Refreshments will
be served by the committee in
charge.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
Found Dead in Bed

NEW BRUNSWICK, April 20:-
Elghty-seven year old Elizabeth
Ford. living in seclusion on the out
skirts of this place, was found dead
on her bed by neighbors this morn
ing. Coroner Hubbard. who gave
permission for burial, said that death
was due to natural causes
When Mrs. Ford was not seen in
front of her home this morning as
usual, friends and neighbors notified
the police who unlocked the door
and found her body.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1923-04-20
CITY BRIEFS

The regular meeting and drill of
the officers and me- of the Eagle AZ
was held last night on board the
floating armory" Newton. Drill was
held at the foot of Fayette street,
followed by an officers meeting in
the captains headquarters. It was
ANNOUNCED at the officers session that
on next Thursday the school for off,
GERS would take place. Work on the
alterations of the Newton and the
organization of the Third Battalion
Naval Militia is progressing rapidly.
The executive meeting of the local
chapter of American Red Cross will
be held tonight in the rooms in the
Raritan building.
American Legion, will be held in the
Y. M. c. A. auditorium tonight.
Representatives to the state con-
Vention to be held at Asbury Park,
May 3 and 4, were named by Pc
Ambo Tribe, No. 65, Improved Or
der OF Red Men, last night, Past
Sachem Lars Jensen was named rep
! t0O1tNdIAl6 anu IdGL OdCIlen Ja0-
derup, the present chief of records.
was named the alternate. Several
past sachems will accompany the
representatives to the two days ses-
sion. Plans for another card party
TO be held May 80 were made when
a committee composed of Edward
Seger, Roy Fergursen, Andres Holt,
Lars Jensen and Willard Boughton,
were named to arrange for the
event. Tickets for the degree bene-
MT on May II arc selling fast, accord
ing to the committee composed of
Stephen Janderup, Roy. Ferguson,
Andres Holt. John Beatty and Hem
~ Axen were named to take charge
of the affair.
Charles r. Tucker, naturalization
examiner from the Philadelphia bu-
reau, will sit Thursday, Friday and
Saturday Of next week at the Perth
Amboy postofica, holding prelimi-
nary examinations preparatory to
the final hearings which will be held
at the county court in New Bruns-
wick in June.
Commencing June ] the manage
ment OF Washington hall will be In
the hands of liver Larsen, of PSI
Mcclellan street, who has secured
from the Danish Brotherhood, own
ers of the building. the lease. Car
stem Christensen is in charge of the
b'iilding at present. The hall VIII
continue to be used for entertain
ments, suppers, dances, club meet-
ings and private affairs.