davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19
u. S. Favorable Trade
Balance OFF 2 Billions
Was ST., 100000 for Year
Ended june 80; Exports
S3.77O.OOO.OOO

WASHINGTON, July 1s. - Americas
foreign trade for the fiscal year ended
June 80 resulted in favorable trade
balance of $1,162, 100000, which was a
decline of nearly $2,000,000,000 from
the favorable balance of the previous
year, according to reports issued to-
day by the Commerce Department.
Exports during the fiscal year just
closed aggregated 100000 and
imports S2,60S,0 100000, as compared
with exports Of $6,516,000,O00 and i'm
ports of s3,654. 100000 for the previous
fiscal year. Exports last month totaled
1894 100000 and imports $3.50, 200, 600,
against exports of $387 ,000, 600 and i'm
ports of $186,000,000 in June, 1921.
Although exports for the fiscal year
1922 fell off by nearly $4,000, 100000,
compared with the previous year, they
showed an increase of nearly $780,
100000 compared with the fiscal year
1914, and imports for the last year
which declined by over $1,000 100000
as against 1921, resulted in an increase
Of $700 100000 over 1914.
Exports for June were the highest
since October, 1921, when the total
was S343, 100000, while imports for
June were the highest since December,
1920, when the total was S266,000, 900.
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19
z airs to Alter
Trade Methods
OF Merchants
Business Associations Give
Out Plan for Big Buying
Expositions in New York
Like Those of Europeans

A decided innovation in American
methods of doing business was an
nounced yesterday by the Merchants
Association Of New York, in co-opera-
tion with the National Retail Dry
Goods Association and the National
Garment Retailers Association. The
change consists in bringing the buyer,
the seller and his goods together in q
permanent series Of "fairs" in New
York. on the European idea, instead Of
leaving the matter entirely to visits Of
individual buyers or trips by travelling
statesmen, as has been the time-honored
custom in this country.
The announcement OF this new
policy was made by President Lewis E..
Pierson, of the Merchants Association,
at luncheon given by the association
Yesterday for about seventy-five news
PAPER representatives. The first "Na-
tional Merchandise Fair" will be held
in the Grand Central Palace and the
list Regiment Armory from August Z
to 25. with the exception Of Saturdays
and Sundays. 1t will be a strictly
business affair, unlike the usual
county fair exposition" and the mere
ly sightseeing general public will not
be admitted.
The travelling salesman Is not going
to be made obsolete by this new plan.
Europe with all it's fairs needs him
and has no wish to get along without
him. The idea is not to supersede
him, but to help him. His cooperation
is counted on from the start.
President Pierson said that the fair
next month is expected to draw thou
sands of department store, dry. goods
and speciality shop buyers to this city:
1t will be the starter of series Of
such events which the Retail Dry
Goods and Garment Retailers associa-
tions are to hold in the future.
Details of the plan were given by
Jesse /. Straus, head Of r. H. Macy q
{continusd On next paes)
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19

eral government whenever and wher-
ever you find your own agencies Of
law and order inadequate to meet the
situation.
Your state government and the
Federal government are Jointly re-
sponsible for maintained conditions
under which free men, willing to
work, may work in safety. We are
responsible for the production and
the transportation of fuel supply
ample for the necessities of the Amer
lean people and the public utilities
which serve them, particularly the
railways engaged In interstate COM
merce. We must have ample coal to
maintain industrial activity; we must
have the coal necessary to the health,
security and the activity Of all the
people. / recite to you these details
because it is important to have it
understood how far the Federal gov
ernment has gone in seeking volun-
tary adjustment. Thus far there has
been no challenge of the right of
workers to decline employment or
the right Of the employers to hire
as they elect.
Our present duty is to guarantee
security in the exercise Of these
rights, security in all lawful opera
tions, and afford a safe opportunity
for that production and distribution
demanded by the necessities of the
American people.
United States Not Party to Dispute
There has been no government as
sumption Of part In the dispute be-
tween organized workers and or
ganized employers. 1 did offer the
only available agency know to ef-
feet settlement, and these good
Offices have not availed.
1t becomes necessary, therefore, in
the name of common welfare, to in
vite protection In the fulfllment of
that obligation, which attaches to an
American industry engaged in pro-
viding any public necessity and to
afford security to all men alike who
are ready and willing to work and
serve the common need. No cause
is so important as that of common
welfare and there must be the sup
preston of every unlawful hin
drance to the service of that cause.
To the task of lawful protection and
the maintenance of order the Federal
government pledges to you every as
sistance at It's command
"a WARREN G. HARDING. 3
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19
Attorney Ships in Fo'c's'le
To Obtain Hints on Sea Law

William Mailer, an attorney Of 80
Wall Street, will ship to-day on the
United States Shipping Board steam
ship Alabama to take a post graduate
course in the fo'c'sle.
Mahler is an admiralty lawyer. When
first mate knocks member Of the
crow into the scuppers and that member
retaliates by tossing dirk at the first
mate and the peace and dignity Of the
laws of the United States are in such
wise violated, Mr.. Mahler argues one
side Of the matter to conclusion in
one of the Federal courts. He argues
it without sentiment, because he never
has been knocked as far as the soup
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19

The proposal of the Federal gov
ernment to the United Mine Workers
and the various coal operators whose
mines are under suspension, to sub
NIT all questions in dispute to ma
tional coal commission for arbitra-
tion, has been declined. The mine
workers declined as q body. The
majority of the bituminous operators
pledged unqualified acceptance. The
anthracite operators filed uncon nGi-
tional acceptance. A minority of the
bituminous operators accepted the
principle of arbitration, but made
specifications which could not be
considered. had proposed that the
operators and mine workers in dis
pute should Immediately resume coal
production under the wage scales
and working conditions which pre-
vailed at the time Of the strike on
last April l; that every question in
mission to be composed Of three rep
resentatiyes Of the mine workers,
three representatives of the opera
tors and five representatives Of the
American people. 1t was proposed
to make the commission the fnal
authority on all disputes until next
March, and meanwhile the commits
sion was to inaugurate searching
inquiry into every phase of the coal
industry in order to recommend the
way to maintained Understandings
between workmen and employers, to
promote steady employment and as
sure a continuous and ample fuel
supply.
No Other Course Left
The failure to secure the accept
ance of this proposal for a voluntary
adjustment left me no other course
but to invite the mine operators to
return to their mines and resume
activities.
trust you will find it consistent to
second this invitation. if you have
not already done so, with the invita-
tion to all miners and operators to
resume their work. This invitation
should be accompanied by such as
surance Of maintained order and the
protection of lawful endeavor as will
give assurance to everybody con-
cerned. l want to convey to you In
this message the assurance of the
prompt and full support of the Fed
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19

pers and doesn't know how it feels or
what excuse there may be for such
elemental procedure.
"Some time ago." he said yesterday,
81 came to the conclusion that it was
absolutely necessary for me to know by
experience the conditions under which
the sailors work and play, in order to
be better qualified to do the utmost
good and obtain the most justice for
my clients. That's why / am taking
the trip"
Italian and German. He has signed on
as an ordinary seaman. When he re-
turns he will forward report Of his
findings to Chairman Lasker Of the
Shipping Board. Until then his wife
and three children hope for the best.
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19
Rail Peace by
Satulrday,Hope
OF Negotiators
Cradle Outwits Radicals in
Ranks of Maintenance
Union and Pushes Terms
for Separate Settlement
Special p4spotch to TIE ryin,.,.. .

CHICAGO, July 1S.-Plans for "peace
by Saturday" in the strike Of railroad
shopmen gained fresh impetus by sew
eral developments to-day, all tending
to aid the United States Railroad
Labor Board in its efforts to effect a
rapid settlement.
E. F. Cradle, president of the 100000
maintenance Of way workers, dealt a
smashing blow to the efforts of radicals
and others to get the maintenance men
to join the strike when he appeared be-
fore the Labor Board, announced that
progress has been made in the program
undertaking separate adjustments for
his men with the various roads and
put forth one such dispute brought
before the board, concerning the Chi
cago, Milwaukee & st. Paul, as s'the
first Of many disputed submissions on
these subjects which the board will
receive"
Hooper Assures Early Hearing
Mr.. Cradle was assured by Ben w.
Hooper, chairman of the board, that
this case would get preference and
probably would be heard by July 25.
"Mr. CRADLE" the chairman added,
"has lived up to the provisions Of the
transportation act, and deserves the
fullest consideration this body can
give him.
Mr.. Cradle indicated that Senator
Cummings plan for hearings to amend
road employees "would be guaranteed
"a living wage" was step toward meet
ing objections raised at the beginning
Of the strike by B. M. Jewell, head of
the shopmen, that the Labor Board had
failed to make the living wage the
basis for Its decisions. The plans of
Senator Cummins, it is believed, will
make 1t considerably easier for Mr..
Jewell to express the view that he Is
not averse to o settlement.
Earlier in the day Mr.. Grabfe and
Mr.. Jewell held long conference. the
chief subject of which was thought to
leader from President Harding. who
recently discussed the situation with
Mr.. Cradle. Neither the text nor the
tenor Of this communication was re-
vealed, but II was believed to have had
bearing on the plans for settle
ment.
Cradle Reviews Situation
Later In the day Mr.. Cradle. in dis
cussing the strike situation generally,
said:
ssThe only real obstacle can see
now in the way of settlement is the
fact that the hardboiled heads of
three or four Of the railroads object
to restoring seniority rights to the
strikers"
This, on investigation, was found to
be true. However, it was reported to-
night that some of the other roads
| were bringing strong pressure to bear
on the managements SO holding out
| on the basis that hard-headcdness
may be all right in its place, but that
| it should not be permitted to inter.
fere with the public welfare. Con.
| fidence was expressed that this diff.
| ficrlty would be overcome.
| After the conference between Mr.
| Cradle and Mr.. Jewell, the latter hele
tContinued On neM pase,
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19
herman Defense Measure
Made Law by Reichstag
legislation Expected TO Place
Future of Republic Beyond
Its Political Foes

. BERLIN, July 1s (By The Associated
sstess. THE Chamber OF the Reichs-
ag, which three weeks ago was the
sssene of elaborate f1neral ceremonies
|s0f Or. Walter Rathenau, witnessed to-
lssy the parliamentary ceremony which
gave definite constitutional sanction to
law law born out of the upheaval which
onowed the assassination of Rathenau
ssaa which is calculated to place the
1Ssture destiny of the young German
lssepunlie beyond the physical reach of
I1s political foes.
approval of the governments bill
ssoylding for the defense of the re-
|gssolic was voted by something more
aan the stipulated two-thirds major
q when 3o3 deputies out of 449 pres
y cast their ballots in support Of the
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19
Bills Groundhogs Go
To Death, Seeing Red
Break Their Necks i'm Sneezing
to Death ON Pepper After
Dcfying All Traps
gpec4a, Dispatch to The T,1bun,

Special USSpHtcH 20 1Ho 4IpV""o
HAvERHILL, Massa July 1s (Via
Winsted, Conn .-Takeait from Farmer
Bill Evans, you've go to have pep, and
if you can't get ,em one way you can
another. And, believe 1t or not. says
Bill, he got eight woodchucks with pep.
The chucks were raising particular
cain on Bills farm out on the Whittier
Road, and they were canny woodchucks,
susceptible neither to traps nor
choice brands Of deadly poison. And
Eli was at his wits, end,-for a time.
Then he conceived an idea and
trekked for the pepper box. Literally
Farmer Bill peppered the immediate
vicinity of the entrance to each wood
chuck hole he could End. Result
eight woodchucks lying outside their
homes the next morning with their
necks broken.
They had sneezed themselves to
death, according to Farmer Bill. Take
It or leave it, believe 1T or not, but the
holes are there to prove the story.
New-York tribune., 1922-07-19

Presidents Letter to Governors

WASHlNGTON, July 1sPrdent Hardngs telegram gov-
es coal producing states asking eopemng
tLe enp;un
The New York herald., 1922-01-22
EUROPE HAD REPORT
BENEDICT WAS DEAD
Bells Tolled in London and
Papers Announced 1t as Fact.

LONDON, Jan. 22.-All London went
to bed tonight In the belief that the
Pope had died in the afternoon. The
report appears to have been circulated
throughout Europe and was accepted by
church and civil officials as true. The
German Reichstag suspended proceed
ings. while President Loebe delivered a
eulogy on the Pope.
All the London evening papers pubs
lished extra editions announcing the
death OF the Pontiff, and the first edi-
tions Of the Sunday papers sent to the
provinces contained that report
The report of the Pope's death enia-
mated here from Cardinal Bournes resi-
dence, Westminster Cathedral. shortly
before 6 o'clock in the evening. A men,
ber of the Cardinals staff notified all
the English press agencies that the Car
dinal had received official news of the
Popes death and confirmed this to all
The New York herald., 1922-01-22
CT MADE CARDINAL IN MAY, 1914 ELECTED POPE IN SEPTEMBER

other instance OF the better understand
ing among men.
The Popes personal appearance was
thus described by an intimate:
"a man physically Ill favored but
gifted with great intelligence; short Of
stature. ascetioally thin, with the right
shoulder raised above the left. giving the
impression of nervousness and weakness.
But when he raised his head the visitor
instinctively felt he was in the presence
of a man equipped with exceptional intel
loctual powers and energy. He has an
ample brow. coal black hair black eyes.
lively and penetrating; large mouth,
with thin lips full of expression"
His benefactions at Bologna were well
known before his elevation to the Pa
pacy. His war time philanthropies were
said to have exhausted virtually all the
financial resources Of the Vatican.
The New York herald., 1922-01-22

who made special inquiries. The bells
were toiled at Westminster and South
wark Catholic Cathedral and announce
ment OF the death was made from the
pulpit of the latter church.
Late at night the Cardinals chief seq
retary Informed the news agencies that
the information communicated to th..,,
that the Cardinal had received an off.
cial report OF the Pope's death was in-
correct.
The news was circulated throughom.
Ireland and Cardinal Logue. Primate ci
all Ireland, expressed deep sorrow. Ca--
dinal Bourne announced that he was
starting for Rome Tomorrow.
The New York herald., 1922-01-22
CARDINAL DOUGHERTY
CUTS SHORT HIS TOUR
Secretary Arranges His Sail
ing TO Rome.

PHILADELPHIA. Jan. %. Cardinal
Dougher;y OF Philadelphia. who has
been making tour OF the Caribbean
Sea. to-day cabied Father Lamb. his
secretary. that he will return Friday TO
begin his trip 10 Rome the following day.
The cahlegrain came In response to
messages Friday night informing the
Cardinal of the condition OF the Pope.
and notifying him that the summons OF
all Cardinals 90 Rome had been re-
ceived from Cardinal Gasparri, Papal
Secretary of State.
Father Lamb has made tentative ar
angemcnts for the sailing Of Cardinal
Uougicrty Oh Saturday on the French
iiner Lorraine which Is due IN IIavre
rearuniy Z. VI carried oui. the Cardi-
~ri viii ic abi to reach Rome by
The New York herald., 1922-01-22
GLAD PEACE PARLEY
WAS SET FOR GENOA
So Wrote Benedict, Rome
Paper Says.

ROME. Jan. 2i.--The Popolo Romono
says It learns that on the day tho Popc
took 10 his bed lc began letter 20 the
Archbishop Of Genoa. setting forth the
Holy Sce's viewpoint on the reconstruct
ton OF Europe. The letter was 10 have
been sent ON tho eve of the Genoa con-
terence T. contained an cXhortation
10 thc heads OF yfatcs 10 consider their
responsibility before God.
The Pope had only finished the in
trcduction. in which hc expressed satis-
faction over the fact that u conference
for Tho pacification of the world was
@ be held IN his native city
The New York herald., 1922-01-22
Churches Draped Here
On Erroneous Reports

A FALSE report OF the death
II of the Pope came TO New
York about 2 o'clock yester-
day afternoon through foreign
news agencies. One credited Car
dinal Bourne, Archbishop of West
minister. with faving received Of
fetal notification, and it was not
until evening that this was found
to be a mistake. Some churches
here were draped, masses were
announced and tributes paid to the
Pontiff on Saturday afternoon.
The New York herald., 1922-01-22

--<"HHH
New York Herald Bureau.
Paris. Jan. 81.
Neither Cardinal Mercier nor n
French prelate as successor to the Pope
is possible" q high Catholic authority
told THE NEW YORK HERALD correspond
cnt this afternoon. Although the possi-
bilities of tho succession being switched
from the italians recently were cam
vassed both in France and Belgium. II
was decided that In view of the fact that
France now has only five instead OF
eight representatives in Rome her in
fluence in the Sacred College. even IL
she were supported by Belgium. would
not be greater than that of the central
European nations. Notwithstanding the
fact that Austria's domination has
cca sed. 1t was therefore decided that II
would he useless TO put forward any
candidacy should the Popc die.
Moreover. the Italians still hold thirty
five out Of the sixty odd votes in the
Sacred College.
The New York herald., 1922-01-22
Sends Nephew to bed.

what a man, what a Pope" have
been common expressions Of admiration.
70 his aged doctor. who refused to take
rest. the Pope said: go and lie down !:
you are an old man now"
When the Pope's nephew. Marquis
DELLA Chiesa. despite his own illness.
came to the bedside early in the morn
ing. the Pontiff reproached MIN for his
jnprudence and begged him to return
Immediately to bed.
When Cardinal Gaspsrri was unable
to put lis band on the pontificial will
in a drawer of the desk. the Pope calling
TO him: "Your eyes are bad. Bring me
the drawer. I will look myself"
Thus. through hours of agony. there
fell from his mouth for each who ap-
preached him. word and a smile. a
Thank you" or some word Of eucour-
a.ement. Even when his condition be-
ONE worse and he was no longer able
To take ox-ger. he desired tho Arch
bishop of Bologna 10 recount every de-
toll OF the fetes and receptions held at
The recent enthronemeut OF Mgr. Rocca
] rs Archbishop. At another moment Inc
! desired to know the names Of the diplo-
matte corps present In the antechamber
More than once during the last few
4. Gays il has been remarked that Benedict
preserved on his sick bed the snine zeal.
the same lucidity, tho same spirit which
,ts showed In his daily audiences. Il
might even be said TO a greater degree
At z o'clock this morning 1t was an
nounced at the Vatican that the Pope
was dying and tclegrams were sent 10
the Papal Nuncio TO that effect. At
$40 o'clock the Poutiff's physicians is
tued bulletin Saying:
"The condition OF the Holy Father be-
.t<.t.t
agitated and sleepless. The pneumonia
. has progressed. Temperature 3s.4 CEN
tigrade (roughiy i01 Fahrenheit). pulse
l22, respiration co.
The newspaper Tempo saws that the
Pontiff as ked for drink of water. of
which he took but few swallows. After
3:20 A. NJ he began to mutter uuin-
telligently and two more bottles OF
oxygen were taken 10 the sick chamber
Prof. Lorenzo Cherubini found that the
pneumonia had attacked the left lung.
leaving very little hope Tor life.
When the Pope saw Mgr. Pizzardo.
Under Secretary OF STATE, among the
prelates greeting him early this MORN
ing he raised his hand In benedictiou
and said: I'VE are getting along bet
ter" but later the relapse came and
Cardinal Gasparri and the Marquis dolis
Chiesa were sent for.
During an examination by the physi-
clans shortly after Z 30 a. NJ. when the
patients condition was apparently hope
less. slight Improvement was noted
and the Pope recovered sufficiently 10
begin asking questions OF those present.
Immediately after the morning con-
cultat.on OF his physicians the Pope had
a quiet spell. His respiration was less
Irregular and after he had expressed
desire 20 rest hc turned on his side and
fell asleep Immediately. The physicians
were surprised at this turn in the ccse
and thought there might be some hope
FOR his Holiness - he were able Nv sleep
rec or -FOUR hours.
The Pope dozed from s until o'clock,
The New York herald., 1922-01-22

person OF Archbishop della Chiesa. and
that he had chosen the title. Benedict
XIV.
The outside world did not know who
he was. He had figured only obscurely
as a diplomat of the Vatican, and for
seven years prior to his amazing eleva-
ton he had been away from Rome. at
Bologna. not at all a center Of large
affairs.
The final vote was taken at II o'clock
in the morning OF September 3. Two
thirds was necessary to election. The
scrutineers cried out that Cardinal della
Chiesa had been chosen and the other
cardinals then removed the canopies
from their thrones as q sign of homage.
Benedict accepted. chose his name and
accepted the Fisherman's Ring. Then
he presented himself to the people and
began his pontificate.
The first American layman to greet
him was Martin Maloney of Philadel-
phia and Spring Lake. N. j.. Papal
Marquis, who had accompanied Cardi-
nal Gibbons to Rome. On September s.
the new Pope held his first consistory
and delivered an allocution urging peace.
Thereafter, as has been written. the
court of the Vatican became an extraor-
dinary center of world interest as ma
tions We'd with each other to win the
commendation of the Pope in their
deadly conflict. England upset all ira
dition by sending Sir Henry Howard as
envoy to the Vatican, and soon nearly
every country was represented.
At the consistory of December 6, 1915.
the Pope expressed the fear that the
war was marking "the beginning of a
decadence for Europe" At consistory
in December, 1916, the Pope announced
that the revised Code of the Canon
Law, on which q commission Of cardi-
nails, aided by the best legal talent in
the church. had been at work for thlr-
teen years, was at the point Of COM
pletion.
The promulgation of the new code
took place on June ~, 1917, and con-
stituted one of the most important
events Of Benedict's pontificate. 1t re-
stated the entire law of the Catholic
Church and constituted work COM
parable with the famous work of the
Emperor Justinian for the civil code.
1t went into effect in May, 1918.