davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01

gentleman in his campaign for reelec-
ton And so it went.
Naturally, Congress and the country
have a far greater respect for those
Democratic Senators who were out
and out free traders and went down
with their flag flying, than they have
for those who carried locker full OF
colors from which selection was made
to meet any expediency The truth is
these kaleidoscope flag-flyers knew
full we'll the Republicans would pass
bill which protected all interests, ir-
respective of sections so they sought
the backing of the importers for re-
election as free traders, and of their
immediate constituents as high-priests
of protection where the interests oil
those constituents were concerned
They made the tariff a local issue be-
cause by caliber they are local office
holders.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01
" RI 7 Err FIRES
HOT SHO 7 : At
WESTERN PLANS
Reclamation Projects
Under Close Scrutiny
Because of Slowness to
Paw Federal Investment
(By J. E. JONES.)

W.ASHINGTON-The government
has invested $132,653,90O net in west
ern irrigation projects, and the settlers
on these projects have repaid $12,82O,-
800, or less than 10 per cent of their
obligation, in twenty years. Twenty
four individual projects have been es-
tablished, on which are 31,462 farms.
The crops from those farms for 1871
were valued at $49,620,300, or more
than one-third of the total cost of
building projects, while the value of
crops from all projects for the past
ten years is given as $426,090,l2O, sub
stantially more than three times the
amount invested. This figure does not
cover the entire period during which
some of the projects have been oper
ated; it covers only the last ten years,
and yet in the face of these big re-
turns from crops, the settlers, in 20
years, have repaid only $12,S20,3OO.
Detailed figures are interesting. The
famous Salt river project in Arizona,
the project of the Roosevelt dam, pro-
duced crop last year valued at SILL
ABS, $50; in the past ten years this pro-
ject produced crops valued at SILL
| 101, 1903; yet the settlers of that pros
porous project have repaid the gov
eminent only 100000. In a single
year the crops of the Salt river pro-
ject would repay the full cost of the
project, yet those farmers have to date
discharged, only AZ per cent of their
obligation to the government. This
is the most fragrant instance of fail
ure to meet an obligation. Six pro-
jects in the west have, as yet, repaid
nothing at ALL only four have repaid
more than $l,0OO,OOO, and only one
has discharged more than 20 per cent
of its obligation to the government.
According to the department of
agriculture, thirteen eastern states,
which spend nothing for irrigation to
make their lands productive, have a
greater yield per acre than the true
average of the irrigation projects built
by the government Connecticut leads
with an average of $3.50 per acre;
then in order come Massachusetts,,
Rhode Island, New Jersey, New
Hampshire, Maine, North Carolina,
Florida, Vermont, New York, West
Virginia, Pennsylvania and Virginia
The expenditure of $132,OOO,O0O OF
government money loaned" to the
west has produced an average crop
yield of $27.35. Thirteen old states OF
the east exceed that yield without a
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01
SET FUND ASIDE
FOR FIRE WORK
Appropriations Include
$4,000 for Idaho
Forest Program.

WASHINGTON -ALotments of
100000 of Federal funds to States
cooperating with the Government in
protecting forest lands from fire have
just been completed by the Forest
Service, United States Department OF
Agriculture.
This sum, together with at least an
equal amount which must be supplied
by the States cooperating, is expended
jointly by Federal and State agencies
in protecting from fire forest lands at
the headwaters of navigable streams
The allotment is made on the basis OF
timbered area and cost of adequate
protection. The Federal expenditure in
any State is restricted to not over
$4,000.
According to the Forest Service, al
though the money is insufficient to IN
sure adequate forest fire protection, il
has in connection with State funds
enabled substantial progress to be
made in that direction
Allotments to the various States
are: Maine $4,000, New Hampshire
$8,425, Vermont 400, Massachusetts
S., 400, Rhode Island, $625, Connectl-
cut $3.50, New York $4,000, New
Jersey $5,050, Pennsylvania $4,000
Maryland $3.50, Virginia $4,000
West Virginia $lO,5OO, North Carolina
$4,000, Tennessee $1l,700, Louisiana
$4,000, Texas $4,000, Ohio $1,O5O
Michigan $4,000, Wisconsin $4,000
Minnesota $4,000, South Dakota 500
Montana $l3,725, Idaho north, ST.
900, Idaho south, $500, Washington
$4,000, Oregon $4,000, and Califor-
MIA $22,750.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01
lens from the United States.

aliens from the United States.
Under the 3 per cent quota law the
following countries have sent to the
United States all the immigrants
which could be admitted: Belgium,
Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg,
Poland, Roumania, Jugo- s1avIa, Pal
estine, Turkey, Syria. the miscellan-
eous European and Asiatic countries,
Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.
But Germany sent us only % per
cent of the possible number which
might have come; Sweden 43 per cent;
Norway, 4S per cent; Netherlands, Ct
per cent; France, rs per cent; and
England, less than 20 per cent.
Secretary Davis of the Department
of Labor reads from these figures thai
the 3 per cent quota law suffices to
hold back the horde of immigrant:
from the south and east of Europe
while working no hardship on thu
countries of the north and west o
Europe, since they didn't send us a!
many as they could. But he does no
explain why they sent us so few, no
has any one advanced any good reas
on why the countries which used t.
send us their thousands now offer II
so few desirable immigrants. Foe
of prohibition find in the eighteenth
amendment the reason why the win
and beer loving people of north AM
western Europe do not come in great
er numbers; others see deeper reas
on and look to economic condition
and labor troubles as the explanation
Inasmuch as this country wants an
needs the higher type of immigrant a
greatly as it desires to exclude tn
poorer and lower class, it seems t
many that an impartial and thoroug
investigation of the immigration prot
lem, looked at from all angles, an
not merely from the exclusion angl
would we'll serve the United States {
this time.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01
DEMOCRATS AID
FEATHER|NC0 OWN
NESTS BY VOTE
Southern Bourbons Sup
port Tariff on Home
Stuff and then Oppose
Completed Bill.

WASHINGTON-(Special Cores
pondence)-By nearly two to one
vote the Fordney- NJ cCumber tariff bill
passed the Senate, August 10Th. To be
exact, the vote was yeas" 4S, Mays"
Is, Not Voting" %. Of the q who
did not vote, on account of absence,
or some other cause, II would have
voted for the bill, if present, and ii
against it. This would have made the
full vote 90 for and SO against.
Only three Democrats were consist
entity protectonist throughout, voting
for the measure on the final roll call
They were the two Senator'S from
Louisiana, Broussard and Ransdell,
and Kendrick of Wyoming, who is up
for reelection. With the sole excep
ton of Kendrick, the forecast of the
Republican Publicity Association
made early in June as to how the
Democrats would vote for the bill was
correct.
Some weeks ago Ashurt of Arizona
announced that if in his belief, the bill
was an honest bill he would vote for
it. He was at that time splitting
the blue empyrean with speeches for
protection on Pima cotton. The Sen
ate gave that commodition cents a
pound. Ashurst wanted twice that
much He also voted for high pro-
tective rates on other commodities, in
the majority of instances for higher
protection than the Senate conceded.
Finally he voted against the bill. He
will now attend to his Arizona cam
paign and attempt to convince his
constituents that he was high pro-
tectionist as far as their interests were
concerned, but the bill twas not an
honest bll' and the conscience which
snatched at IS cents pound on Pima
cotton recoiled from a bill whose gen
eral average ad valorem on all imports
will be about Is per cent.
On all Texas products Sheppard of
that State voted for the highest pos
sible protection, he also outbidding
the Senate on those products. But
against the bill. There was no limit to
the duties he would exact for peanuts.
vegetable oils, Angora wool, rice, etc,
but when it came to protecting the
products of other States he was a
tariff chameleon Helm of Alabama
demanded a prohibtive duty on gra-
phite. The records do not show what
financial interest he has in that com
modify. 1t is a new Alabama indus
try, created by the late war, which has
been closed down during the past
three years of competition under the
Democratic tariff law The graphite
industry received adequate protection
from the senate, but when the final
vote came Heflin had switched to the
free trade side. Fletcher and Tram
nell, of Florida, who had been SC
solictous for protection to citrus fruits
and pneapples, went back to the free
trade camp when the whole bill wa.
put to a vote About the time peanuts
were being discussed in the Senate
Swanson of Virginia was campaign
ing for reelection, and Virginia is tht
goober state He voted for prohibitiv,
rates on peanuts, beat Westmorelanc
Davis for the nomination, and thel
voted against the bill. Jones of New
Mexico followed in the footsteps 0
Ashurst and will emulate that nimbl
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01

cent of government aid. One reason
for the relatively low averages on the
irrigation projects is the fact that more
irrigated land is devoted to growing
hav and fodder than to any other
crops. Fruits are second in impor-
lance among the irrigated crops, but
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01

more than half of all the fruit produo
ed on government projects comes fro,,
the Yakima and Okanogan valleys os
Washington; vegetables and truol
stuff are third in Importance and Ger.
ais occupy bad fourth place.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1922-09-01
immigration Has
Many New Angles,
Three Per Cent Law
Brings Out Bewild-
ering Things.

WASH1NGTON-A survey of i'm
migration statistics just made in the
Department of Labor, presents some
puzzling figures for those who have
thought the immigration problem en-
tirely one of exclusion of undesirable
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22
JOHNSTON SCORES
INJUNCTION

Observation-Disclosures within sound
Of the white house and of Attorney
General Daugherty's office, President
Johnston, of the International Asso-
ciation of Machinists, scored the fed
eral injunction against striking shop
men
The unionist defed the attorney
general 'or any other person" who
would interfere with me and my fell
lows gathered to discuss matters of
mutual interest"
The attorney general was termed
san errand boy for the little group
Of executives who would dictate
national railroad policy and dominate
this administration"
"Mr. Daugherty is a creature of the
administration who assumes to set
aside all constitutionally guaranteed
rights. and here is a Judge, sworn to
uphold the constitution, who furthers
Mr.. Daugherty's efforts" said Pres
ident Johnston. "The executives
must indeed be desperate when they
resort to such tactics as they have.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22
WHEN Law IS NOT LAW
JOINT ACTION DOES NOT DESTROY INHERENT
RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUAL, RULES MONTANA
STATE SUPREME COURT
Says egality of Purpose to Be Accomplished Means
Used in it's Furtherance is What Makes
Act Illegal

cision that is never referred to by
anti-unionists and advocates of hand
cuff laws. The court said (96 Pac.
Mont 1879:
There can be found running
through our legal literature many re-
markable statements that an act per-
fectly lawful when done by one per-
son, becomes, by some sort of leger-
demain, criminal, when done by two
or more persons acting in concert,
and this upon the theory that the con-
certed action amounts to conspir-
acy But with this doctrine we do
not agree. If an individual is clothed
with a right when acting alone, he
does not lose such right merely by
acting with others, each of whom is
clothed with the same right. If the
act done is lawful, the combination
of several persons to commit it does
not render it unlawful In other
words, the mere combination of action
is not an element which gives char
acter to the act. 1t is the illegality
of the purpose to be accomplished, or
the illegal means used in furtherance
of the purpose, which makes the act
illegal"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22

New York-'Lawful acts may be-
come unlawful acts by combination,
says writer in the New York Times,
in lengthy plea for the passage of
a "can't-strike" law in this state.
The claim that a lawful act by
an individual becomes an unlawful act
when done by collection of individ-
uals, is the favorite reasoning of anti
unionists. This theory upholds the
supposition that the public has a sort
of first mortgage on the workers, who
must at all times serve the public
The public is not expected to inquire
if conditions under which employees
labor is satisfactory, but if employees
exercise their right to quit, they are
told they can quit individually, but
not collectively, because then the pub
lie will not be served, and that would
be a conspiracy. Or, in other words,
the public's right to be served
transcends every fundamental right
for which men have suffered and died
The Montana state supreme court
demolished the theory that lawful
acts may become unlawful acts by
combination" in a ruling that has
never been answered. 1t is one de-
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22
GIVE OUT UNTRUTHS
Subsidy Foes Real Views
Are Kept From Public

San Francisco-A national refer
endum on the ship subsidy question
would be an excellent test of public
opinion if the public press fairly pre-
sented both sides, says Paul Schar-
renberg, editor of Seamen's Journal.
The referendum suggestion was
made by Senator Borah, who opposes
the subsidy and who insists that the
people have not been heard on the
question. In showing the impossible
ity of securing a fair. presentation of
the evils of the bill, Editor Scharren-
berg says:
Backed by big business, the ma
tional administration is determined to
ram the subsidy bill through con-
gress, regardless of popular objec-
tions. The bulk of the country's
daily newspapers are printing only
one side Of the argument.
~The American people have been
literally fed up with untruths and
half truths anent snip SUBSIDY anu
the American merchant marine.
Hence the query: How is it possible
to have an intelligent vote on the
pending ship subsidy bin as long as
the majority has heard little except
the pro-subsidy argument?
"ln a fair debate, the poor, old sub
sidy bill never had chance, because
the cold. hard facts are all against
It. IN a national referendum, with
fairly well-informed electorate, the
returns would be equally positive, i. e,
overwhelmingly against the payment
of an annual tribute to private inter
ests.
But who can arrange to have our
alleged news papers print both sides
of the story?"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22
BIG STICK
Used WrongfuIIy When
White House Pledge
Is Broken

Atlantic City, n. J.-In his speech
before the annual convention of the
International Typographical Union,
President Gompers told the delegates
Of moves in connection with the shop
mems strike that are not generally
known.
The trade unionist recalled the pro
longed meeting of the shop mems
executive and President Harding
when the president recommended that
the strike be called off; that the strik-
ers be returned to their former posi-
tions, and that other questions be re
ferred to the railroad labor board
In urging the shop mems execu-
tives to accept the plan, President
Harding said:
IF you men accept this proposal
for the settlement of this strike, |
will use the big stick, if necessary,
upon the executives to compel them
to accept it."
The shop mems executives accept
ed the plan, which was rejected by
the railroad executives. How the
president swung the big stick is best
told by President Gompers before the
Typographical convention:
THE president swung his big stick,
not upon the railway executives who
rejected his suggestion, but upon the
railway shop men who accepted his
offer-a club in the form of this in
junction secured by this attorney gen
eral, Daugherty.n
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22

rights of American citizens and con-
trary to the genius and freedom of
American institutions; and therefore
deserving of the condemnation of the
representatives of the American peo-
ple.") And if these men are not in
congress and in our state legislatures,
and we have not sufficient intelligence
to replace them by men who will,
then perhaps we are hardly deserving
of those rights which we believe we
are entitled to.
One step in addition to legislation
and if necessary constitutional amend
ment that may be required is what, in
my opinion, will bring the question
before the glare of publicity as eff
fectively as any
When man like Judge Anderson,
of indianapolis, when a man like
Judge McClintic, of West Virginia,
issues an injunction which is a clear
invasion of our constitutional rights.
or when a court ratifies an injunction,
such as the one in the United States
Machine Company's case, then, so far
as | am concerned, and my under
standing of our methods and the sys-
TEN by which we govern ourselves,
we are justified in having that Judge
impeached and hailed before the legis-
lature to publicly give the reasons
for his actions in invalidating con-
stitutional rights because workmen
have an industrial dispute with their
employers.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22

tunity of addressing the constitutional
convention of Illinois. When | had
finished my remarks | was turned over
to the very tender ross-examination
of some of the dozen corporation at
torneys seated there as delegates
Trying to demolish the argument I
had tried to present, one of the attor-
neys said: "Mr Frey, if the home
you live in, representing your life
savings, contained besides that your
mothers wedding ring, the shoes of
some little infant that had stayed for
a moment and passed on, and other
things of a sentimental character
that could not be replaced, and | was
known as a dangerous character and
threatened to burn your home down
and cause you irreparable injury, in
jury that could not be paid by fnan-
cial reward, and the court of equity
should restrain me from burning
down your home, would you refuse to
accept that injunction ?"
Well, am not a lawyer, but / was
taught to ask questions when / lived
in New England, and when he was
demanding that | answer yes or no,
| submitted this question to him: If
your suppositious case was exactly as
you have stated it, and my house was
burned down but you were not guilty,
would you be perfectly willing to
waive your right of a trial by jury be
cause an injunction had been granted
me?" The answer has never yet
been given--he became busy with
something else
There is probably no greater monop-
oily than that of the United Shoe
Machinery Company A little over
two years ago they made up their
minds to deunionize their machine
shops, and SO they went to their ma
chinists with copies of individual con
tracts, or that which we call the ''yel-
low dog" and they told their machin-
lists: "Unless you sign these con-
tracts which compel you to withdraw
from your union and pledge you to
belong to no labor organization while
remaining in our employ we will dis
charge you"
And so that they might keep their
organization from being destroyed for
acting collectively they went on a
strike The court issued an injunc-
tion restraining them from striking,
because the judges conscience con-
vinced him it was for an illegal pur
pose. The supreme court of Massa-
chusetts sustained that injunction, SO
that so far as injunction by judicial
conscience is concerned, the right of
trades union organization today
does not depend upon the desire of
wage earners, but depends entirely
upon the employers willingness, and
the equity court stands prepared, If
the employer desires to destroy the
union of his employees, to issue an
| injunction declaring it illegal to go
out on strike.
The committee has made some re-
concentrations. Upon the question of
iniunctions, the congress of our United
States and our state legislatures
should be willing to do what the par
lament of Great Britain did. We
should be able to find men who are
willing to sign the same kind of
report as the one signed by the con-
gressional committee / read to you
few minutes ago. Declaring Judge
jenkins injunction of 1893 in North
ern Pacific case "an invasion of the
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22
SOMEBODY Lied
Only Few Mail Trains Off,
Says r. NJ. Secretary

Washington.-Henry w. Strick-
land, national secretary Of the Rail
way Mail Association, denies press
reports that 1000 mail trains have
been taken off because of the shop
mems strike He says it may be pos
sible that 1000 trains of all classes
have been taken off as a result of
the strike, but very few of them are
mail trains, that is trains carrying
mail car with railway postal clerks.
LESS than 25 mail trains have
been removed from the postal serv-
ice because of the strike, and these
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22
MUST CURB INJUNCTIONS
EQUITY COURTS SO FAR AS LABOR DISPUTES ARE CONCERN
ED, OPERATE IDENTICAILY AS DID GREAT BRITAINS
FAMOUS STAR CHAMBER BEFORE ABOLISHMENT
Trial BY Jury Does Not Exist Their Practice and They Are Menace
to Free Institutions, Says Molders Journal Editor

as the court of Star Chamber did in
Great Britain before it was abolished;
and so we have, instead of the court
of equity as established in Great Brit
ain, courts called courts of equity but
operated in reality as star chambers.
| will not put my quotations in, |
will give you an instance that per-
haps explains the matter.
A short time ago | had the oppor
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22

are unimportant trains which carried
very little mall" he said. "In prac-
tically all instances where the rail
roads have taken off trains carrying
mails, the post office department has
merely shifted the mail cars and
clerks to other trains of the same
road.
"It is true that reports show that
the transportation, dispatch and de
livery of mails have slowed down
materially since July /, but that is
the result, to large extent, of the
post office departments so-called
economy program in the railway mail
service. Since July approximately
$50 railway postal clerks have been
laid off or placed on the surplus list"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1922-09-22
By John P. Frey, Editor International
Molders' Journal

There is no more important safe
guard of our liberties than trial by
jury, and trial by jury is something
which does not exist in equity prac-
tice. AS matter of fact, the equity
court, SO far as we have known of it
in connection with labor disputes, op-
crates identically in the same manner