Evening star., 1922-12-17
BY AGNES MACKENZIE.

By Cable TO The Star and New York Tribune.
Copyright. 1872.
ROME. December 16.-Premier Mus
solini's scheme for the reorganization
Of Italy is so vast that II must be put
into action gradually. The plan in
cludes not only the financial reor-
ganization of all the ministries OF
railways, telephones, posts and tele-
graphs-that is. all the departments
Of public service which are now being
run at a deficit-but also a change in
the electoral system and the improve
ment of Italy's4 status abroad-the
last reform including the problem of
immigration.
The reforms already put into mo-
ion incltde the reduction of the STATS
of embassies abroad, the suppression
OF innumerable committees and COM
missions abroad and at home which
are composed of large number OF
bureaucraxs whose work during the
past year has been shown to be use
less and In some cases no work at all.
For instance, one public commission
pstensib bly, formed for the purpose of
inspecting public works consisted of
300 persons. During the year the COM
mission held only one hearing, filed no
reports and, though it's members were
not paid. they were given free rail
passes, including family tickets, which
they used for travelling all over Italy
on private t''sineSS.
End Put to Bonuses.
The custom Of giving large bonuses
to government employees has also
come to an end. Mussolini believes
that woman's place is in the home and
in the various woman's trades, and
with the new year all the women the
government employs, with the excep-
replaced by men. This will release a
number of workers for those trades
and professions where women at pres
ent are scarce-notably, dressmakers,
lingerie, embroideries, servants and
governesses.
There are to be improved methods
of collecting taxes, hitherto the ma
jority of the people managing 10 evade
dues to the government in one way
or another, and, while formerly only
professionals. doctors, lawyers. gov
ernment employees, Industrial and
commercial firms were taxed. work
men and rich peasants have been 60
ing free Of taxation. which is to be
extended to agricultural workers
small peasants and other classes OF
workers drawing good salaries. This
extension of the income tax to over q
million previously untaxed people
will yield q revenue amounting to q
minimum of 25.000,0O0 lire.
Given Time to Act.
Mussolini has decided to give the
departments of public service until
| the beginning of the year to reduce
their expenses: If deficit still re-
| mains at that time these departments
will be handed over to private enter.
prises.
Before the war the railways yield.
ed revenue Of 100000 lire, which
paid an interest on the 100000, 900 lire
borrowed for the extension Of the
lines. Last year there was a deficit
of over 1.000,000,000 lire. One reason
for this was certainly due to the
large number Of free passes given
the railways being run practically for
the benefit of these. as the paying
public decreased tremendously, owine
to the high tariff.
The majority Of the rail employees
are reds and the lines are heavily
overstaffed. In an effort to run the
service economically. Mussolini sup.
pressed 600 trains and has refused
20, 200 free passes for next year
though the government must even.
tually hand over the control of the
railroads to private enterprise as the
! only way to obviate the deficit How