The Idaho recorder., 1922-01-20


and with other industries?
IL
Let US, then, consider some of the
farmers grievances, and see how far
they are real. In doing so, we should
remember that, while there have been,
and still are, instances of purposeful
abuse, the subject should not be APP
preached with any general imputation
to existing distributlve agencies OF de-
liberately Intentional oppression, but
rather with the conception that the
marketing of farm products has not
been modernlzed.
An ancient evil. and persistent
one, is the undergrading Of farm prod
ucts, with the result that what the
farmers sell as of one quality is re-
sold as of higher. That this sort of
chicanery should persist on any i'm
portant scale in these days Of busl-
ness integrity would seem almost in.
credible, but there is much evidence
that Ii does so persist. Even as
write. the newspapers announce the
suspension of several firms from the
New York Produce Exchange for ex-
porting to Germany as No. . wheat a
whole shipload OF grossly Inferior wheat
mixed with oats, chaff and the like.
Another evil is that Of inaccurate
weighlrg of farm products. which. it
is chx,xed, is sometimes matter Of
dishohZS Intention ana sometimes OF
protective policy on the part of the
local buyer, who fears that he may
weigh out" more than he weighs in"
greater grievance is that at pres
ent the field farmer has little or no
control over the time and conditions
of marketing his products, with the
result that he is often undergrad for
his products and usually overcharged
for marketing service The differ
ence between what the farmer re-
ceives and what the consumer nnys
often exceeds all possibility Of iustl-
fication. To cite single Illustration.
Last year, according to figures attest
cd by the railways and the growers.
Georgia watermelon-rascrs received
on the average rs cents for melon,
the railroads got 1871 cents for carry
ing II to Baltimore ana the consumer
paid one dollar, leaving 20 s cents for
the service of marketing and its risks.
as against 20.2 cents for growing and
transporting. The hard annals Of
farm-iife are replete with such com.
mentaries on the crudencss of pres.
ent practices.
Nature prescribes that the farmers
goods must be finished within two
or three months of the year, while
financial and storage limitations gen
orally compel him to sell them nj the
same time. AS rule, other industries
are in a continuous process Of finish.
ing goods for the markets: they dis.
tribute as they produce, and they can
curtail production without too great
Injury 10 themselves or the commu
nifty; but IL the farmer restricts his
output, ii is with disastrous conse-
quences, both to himself and 10 the
community.
The average farmer Is busy with
production for the major part Of the
year. and has nothing 10 sell. The
bulk Of his output comes on the mar.
ket at once Because Of lack OF stor.
age facilities ami Of financial support
the farmor cannot carry his goods
through the year and dispose of them
as they are currently needed. In the
great majority OF cases, farmers have
TO entrust storage-ln warehouses and
elevators-and the financial carrying
Of their products TO others.
Farm products are generally mar.
keted at a time when there is n CON.
sestion Of both transportation and
finance-when cars and money are
scarce. The outcome, in many in.
stances, Is that the farmers not only
sell under pressure, and therefore at
n disadvantage. but are compelled TO
take further reductions in net returns.
in order TO meet the charges for the
service of storing. transporting, financ-
ing, and ultimate marketing-which
charges they claim, are often exces-
siye, bear heavily on both consumer
and producer, and are under the con-
troll OF those performing the services
1t is true that they are relieved OF
the risks of a changing market By
selling at once; but they are quite will