The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-03-26
Britain's Indian Problem
Reaches Crisis and Climax
In Montagu's Resignation
Country Is Sometimes Referred "the Greater Ireland
and the British Government Is Having Trouble Finding
Citizens Serve in Capacities Thererwo Theories Pre-
vail That 1t Can and Can't Be Governed.

being that society can only be re-
formed by public opinion. II mis-
sionaries---if preachers like Gandhi
can improve matters, well and
good, but such betterment Is beyond
the province of an alien magistrate.
His task is simply TO see that there
are railways and roads and Justice
ana food and an antidote to cholera
and whatever schools the people,
largely agricultural. are ready TO pay
for. II three or four thousand Eu-
ropeans govern 35O.000.00O Asiatlcs
it Is largely because they have thus
limited their function to the bare,
the neglected essentials. India has
art India has religion. India has
poetry.
II has been for the British 10 sup
ply India with what she had not
got, namely, a simple, equitable,
economical administration. In a
sense, therefore, the progress OF In
dia IN certain directions has been
slow. 1t is only recently that nu-
morOus schools have attacked Hitter
acy among the male population.
What India has gained Is, first, a
sense of international safety, and.
secondly, a sense of unity, Sixty
years ago there was no India, save
Europe or Africa. India was not
country. but continent with many
countries included a continent
with many languages, with the peo-
pie ranging from fierce, wild tribes
In the mountains to wealthy mer-
chants at the ports--a continent
with four score sovereigns. But
today all the peoples OF India have
learned to look To one point. II
Calcutta was the st. Petersburg OF
the empire, Delhi was the Moscow,
and the removal to Delhi OF the
capital has been a concession TO and
a stimulus for Indian natiOnalism.
The important thing Is not that you
have in India the British raj. as 1t
is called. The important thing is
that, at least, you have some raj.
\ Focus of Varied Loyaltics.
There is nothing and there Is
none to whom all Indians have ever
looked or today can look as the
focus of their varied loyalties TO In
dia except the emperor of India. In
his person, little as II Is sometimes
realized. the maharajah OF Hydera-
bad, ruling over a countay about as
big as France, and Mahatma and
Gandhi, imprisoned for sedition, ar
rive at what one day will be a com
mon citizenship. Even a dozen years
ago to have talked of an Indian ma
tion would have been to pronounce
yourself an ignoramus. II was to
the nations OF India that all those
who knew India habitually referred.
The rise of a common nationality in
India is the direct and obvious re-
suit OF the acceptance of n common
allegiance. In the case OF Russia
under the car, where n somewhat
similar task has had TO be faced, the
fatal mistake lay i'm trying to pro-
mote unity by uniformity, Prov
inces, as acquired, had to be loyal
not only TO the throne, but TO n GER
tain church and a certain language.
Constant, therefore, was the persecu-
tion. The British have asked no
moro of Hindus, Parsees and Mo-
hammedans in India than that they
should accept n common destiny for
the lands which in common they in-
habit.
Policy OF Non-Intcrfcrence.
The policy OF interfering as little
as possible has left about seventy
princes still ruling, undisturbed,
over their hereditary states. These
princes have been formed into
council, but apart from this organ
| izatlon, they are unshakably loyal TO
/ Britain, and for a simple reason.
They see China changed into re-
public. And they know that revo-
/ luton In India might easily move IN
/ this direction. In any event, II KING
I George ceased to be suzerain, the
native states would have either TO
/ choose a substitute or go to war
among themselves. In considering
/ the scope OF the present agitation
| IL must be borne In mind that the
native states--with a population OF
| 7O,O0O,O0 people, or one-quarter
| the inhabitants of India - are at
present unaffected, Under the IN
dian pOtentate, such politics are not
permitted. IL is one of the ironles
OF the situation that Britain should
have 10 face most criticism In the
provlnces which she directly gov
erns-the provinces where popula-
/ tion has most rapidly increased-
where progress has also been most
rapid-Where liberty OF speech ana
/ writing, even II IL be restricted, Is al
least lar less restricted than IN those
parts OF India where Indian despots
stlll rule after the old fashion. the
1 fermcnt against the west Is thus
raging most fiorCCly In the COM
paratively united areas where great
/ cities Ike Calcutta have learned FOR
/ the first time TO share the freedom
of the west. u - not from poets
like Tagore, who are expressly In
dian, that the nationalists derive
/ their watchwords, but from John
stuart Mil, John Morley and John
/ Bright. by a most curious phe-
nomenon, you have a revolt against
the west, fed from the west you
have British liberalism turntu