davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-04-22
New York Meta, HTarkc,

On the New York Metal Exchange tin
vas firm, with StreIcs and Straits
shipments quoted at $685. r(d3l.81l2c;
standard, 31031.s214c, and 20 per cent
at 30G31c, There were sales Of 25 tons
July delivery Strsits tin at 3t.75c and.
26 tons shipment from Straits April
MAY at 91.s2 l2c, Copper dull; standard
spot April and May, 12.62l2c asked
and clectrolytic spot. April and Nav.
l3c asked. Lead finn; New York spot.
5l0c, and East 81. Louis, spot. Sc bid.
Zinc firm; Kew York spot, 596c, and
East st. Louis, 1850 5.05c, with sales
497l2c
New-York tribune., 1922-04-22
Failures Drop This v eek

A considerable decrease In the ran-
Der Of commercial failures vas reg s.
tered TINS week r G. Dun & Co.
report tota Of 485 defaults
this week. compared TO 5l6 ,ast week.
New-York tribune., 1922-04-22
Cottonseed on

The markst Tor cottoureed oil was YER
inactive, With p small local trade, total
50 es for tho daN aggresntins $500 bar
r"'s Earll in tho eeesjon the ,nar|ot dis
played coneidersoIe fairness ana tn" ac-
little covering prompted by the strength
in Che other commodities. but when longs
attempted % take profits |olues reacted
Gay with quotations ranging from points
net lower 70 4 points higher.
The rarge Of prices Thur.
New-York tribune., 1922-04-22
::';ces Are Steady
In Active Bu>ine
On Curb Market
Indus.rials and Oils Attract
Attention. but Profit
Taking Checks Advance to
Some Extent: Close Firm

Trading continued active on the curb
market yesterday. but profit taking
c1eoked an advance 50 some extent,
attracted about equal attention.
In the industrial list Radio common
advanced to above 1, while retail can
~ and tobacco stocks held steady.
REQ Motors continued active around
recent high levels
Cities Service fe'l back . points. but
standard OF Indiana and other o.. stocks
Vorked slightly higa Fers,and Ojl
lied strong and actrre buying came
= Mexican Seaboard There was
turnover Of 10000 shares in lnjua.
.rad'ng IN Bon ALASKA Mining at 50
cents TO 81 a share The company
ontro,s mining claims IN Alaska.
New-York tribune., 1922-04-22
Rye
Flour and Meal
Wheat

low YORK; close ciose aSo.
No ", f.o.b.sl 2il7 &lls'7 sI6Ii
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Two Mothers.

A youth Of 10 was convicted as a
robber in New York city last week
and was remanded for sentence by
the court. He may be sent to Sing
Sing for a term OF twenty years.
This young mans mother was a
highly respected resident Of one Of
those settlements in this town
wherein neighborliness persists and
friendships are cultivated. She bore
up bravely when her eldest son gave
his life for his country in France.
that sacrifice she could make, not
without grief but without despair.
When her second sons disgrace
came upon her. however, she could
not bear up under it. Her mind gave
way, and yesterday she 81 "eeded in
taking her own life.
While this tragedy was III =" ,gress
in the crowded city Mrs. CATHARINE
ESoN, the young wife OF a farmer
living near Nelson, Missouri, allowed
herself to burn to death rather than
endanger the lives of her two chill
dren. Her clothing was ignited from
a stove. She ran to bedroom to
get blanket to smother the flames.
Her children lay asleep on the bed.
Mrs. ESoN feared that IL she went to
the bed TO take the blanket from it
her flaming clothing might endanger
her children. she spared them
danger, but at the cost OF her life.
A great deal of time is spent in the
consideration and denunciation Of the
superficial follies Of women. In
thinking OF women let us think of
these two mothers.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
The Tragedy of Monastir.

The explosion at Monastir, in west
ern Serbia near the frontiers OF Al
bania and Greece, OF 400 carloads Of
ammunition belonging to the former
allied armies in the Near East is one
of the greatest catastrophes of the
kind which the world has ever
known. This beautiful Balkan town
appears TO have had little else than
tragedy in its strange, eventful his.
tory, and its inhabitants i'm the face
Of this last disaster might well be
inclined to agree with one Of its his
torians that Monastir from its found
ing some twenty centuries ago seems
to have been chosen for tragic
destiny.
Monastir, the Heraclea Lyncestis OF
the Roman Empire. was the most i'm.
portant commercial and strategic
point between the Adriatic and Sa-
lonica on the Via Egnati. the great
highway connecting the Eastern and
Western empires. Roman factions
fought over Il and ono would de
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Time for Action in Ireland.

Generally speaking. strike is a
poor weapon to use against disorder:
it is likely to add fuel to the fire.
But the one day strike threatened by
the Irish trades unions as a means
Of bringing the Provisional Govern
ment Of the Irish Free State to a full
sense of it's responsibilities is at least
good indication of the Irish atti-
tude toward the lamentable condition
of affairs in the island.
The labor manifesto demands that
the military be brought to recognize
civil authority. In other words, the
of COLLINS and
GRIFFITH must put down the insur-
rection that exists or confess itself
unable to govern. The negotiations
now under way between the Free
State leaders and the De Valera
group are unlikely to end the
guerrilla warfare which besets Dub
lin. The wild young men who are
saying with their guns that they will
have a republic or nothing would
probably repudiate any agreement
made by De VALERA in the way of
peace.
The hesitation of COLLINS to use
drastic methods toward the rebels is
naturally attributed to his disin-
to have them regarded as
martyrs. But as the rebels are mur-
dering citizens-citizens of the Free
State which the Collins Government
has been commissioned to maintain
and protect-it is about time that
they were recognized and treated as
outlaws, not as patriots.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
How to Study Music.
knowledge Of Composition an Aid
in Actual Playing.

TO THE NEW York HERALD The rca-
son many music pupils OF the present
day take little interest in their work is
because they have not the rcmotest idea
as to how music Is composed.
The word harmony a generation ago
meant years of endless writing of chords
after fixed rules away from any instru-
mcnt. Present day methods have made
il possible to obtain the elements of
simple composition in year. A person
who has learned how to write an eight
measure period with a very simple bass
accompaniment is far more interested
and advanced musically than one who
has learned a few snowy pieces in the
same time.
To write these measures the student
must possess a definite understanding OF
how notes are written, the time ana
length Of each note, the rhythm of 1t and
the key or keys II may be in. The OBJ
ject OF such study should not be TO make
another poor composer in the world. but
to gain en- understanding Of the process
SO that in actual playing the reason for
everything seen on the printed page will
be obvious.
When we know why a thing Is writ
ten In a certain way It becomes simple
to play It that way. Let music students
look deeper into their music and so OBJ
tain real pleasure and profit from it,
RUSSELL s. GILBERT.
NEW York, April 21.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
The Operas Closing.

With CARUso gone, New York has
had its first full season of grand
opera-the season OF five months at
the Metropolitan which will close
this evening. CARUso was supreme.
New York had come to look upon him
as indispensable to grand opera. Yet
lacking CARuso the opera season has
been success.
With GATTI-CAsAzzA at the helm
opera went on. New talent was en-
gagged and New York had strikingly
successful season.
The Metropolitan Opera House has
held uniformly large audiences. 1t
may be found on investigation that
the patronage this year has been
greater than ever before in its his
tory.
The company has been strengthened
by the engagement of GAILI-CURcI
and TITTA RUFFo. JERITzA proved a
greater favorite than anybody had
reason to foresee and CHALIAPIN drew
immense audiences. These newcom-
ers added their power to the strength
Of the familiar company, and the 1921
1922 season goes down in the operate
history Of New York as one OF its
most successful.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22

stroy il, another rebuild 1t. Later
it was besieged and captured by Al
banians, Greeks and Bulgars, and
served all in turn as capital. Near
by at Ochrida Car SAMUEL in the
tenth century proclaimed the Bull
garian Empire, and through Monastir
struggled back home SAMUEL's $4,000
soldiers, blinded by order OF the
Byzantine ruler BASIL III.
The Turks after long siege cap
tured it and, partly destroying it,
built upon its old foundations new
town with Turkish palaces, great
administration buildings. barracks
and hundred splendid mosques.
Monastir in the last century was the
center of the long racial and re-
ligious strife in Macedonia. The
Serbs finally won it in the Balkan
war and transformed it into Ser
bian defense. No place in the Bal
kans was so hard fought over in the
world war as Monastir, and when the
Bulgars with King FERDINAND at
their head marched into the captured
stronghold they found silent, devas-
tated city.
The inhabitants had scarcely be-
gun to remove the scars of wars and
fires when they were confronted with
this weeks disaster. Hundreds. ac-
cording to the report, were killed
and more than half of the inhabi-
tants are shelterless owing to the de-
struction of their homes. Ii this
town of tragedies is to be rebuilt it
would seem that Europe must help
in the work of reconstruction. Who
was to blame for the disaster is not
yet clear; perhaps the responsible
ity will never be determined. But
the placing of such an immense
stock Of high explosives in position
which imperiled whole town full
OF people is certainly an offense
against humanity which should not
pass without an Investigation.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
SATURDAY, APRIL %. 1922.
A Subtle Countermove.

OF course the public has not had,
and is not likely to have, the whole
story of the Rapallo treaty between
Germany and Russia. The secret mo-
tives that caused its precipitate exc
cution have not been revealed.
The rather casual statements given
out by Germany and Russia to the
effect that a treaty between these two
nations had been discussed in Berlin
and was on the verge Of execution at
the time of the opening Of the con-
ference arc not convincing.
Neither is the statement convinc-
ing that they wished to enter the
conference unhampered by treaty
alliance. Such statements are ad-
missible in diplomacy.
IL Germany and Russia had found
the atmosphere of the conference
more to their liking; IL they had
found themselves in the favored
sphere of influence, it may we'll be
that the Rapallo treaty never would
have been framed and signed.
Indeed, the whole affair has the
appearance Of subtle countermove
by these two nations to strengthen
their position. and the indications at
this juncture are that they did So
strengthened it markedly.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Our Great Coal Problem.
Too Many Mines and Too Many
Miners One Of the Factors.

To THE New YORK HERALD: have
read with much interest indeed your
editorial article of April on "Our
Great Coal Problem"
There is one factor in the situation
which the public does not seem prop
eriy to appreciate, and that is that the
coal business. as many others In this
country. Is overbuilt. We have too
many mines and too many miners for
the present coal trade.
This Is not merely an incident to the
expansion in war time. but so far as BIZ
luminous mining is concerned Is chronic.
The system of collective bargaining in
the central competitive states was built
up as an offset and with a view of in
Producing a certain amount of equaliza-
tion Of competition and regularization
of industry. since under the Sherman
antitrust act 1t was impossible for the
operators to protect themselves.
Tho industry will not be on sound
economic basis until some means are
adopted to require the showing OF
public need before additional mines may
be opened in any district. This could
be done through the Interstate Com
merce Commission, which has jurisdic-
tion over the allowing of railroad con-
nections and the allotment OF all cars.
IT is very doubtful. however. If pub
lie opinion win sustain any such restric-
tive measures H. FOSTER BAN,
Director Bureau of Mines, Depart
ment of the Interior.
WASHINGTON, April p.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Big Sunhowers.
Australia Challenges New York With
One 1734 Inches Across.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: While In
New York last June mentioned to my
sister that I had sent to Scotland from
my home here at Sale, Victoria. a sun
flower with diameter of sixteen inches
She has sent me cutting from your
paper containing a letter from an up
State reader who says that by growing
a sunfiower 1914 inches across New
York had beaten California in this re-
spect. ] am writing to say he has not
beaten Australia yet.
] am inclosing three cuttings from
your contemporary the Melbourne Her.
aid. dated March ., and II. dealing
with something big in the sunflower line.
You will note that William Tolley
gardener for Mr.. II. II. olney of Yam
taringa. Locksley road. Ivanhoe, has cut
a flower IL inches in diameter and
feet inches in circumference II
weighed IL pounds. The stem was thick,
but only about eight feet high. The
plant was self-sown.
Also, that giant sunflower, grown
by A. II. lie Quesne of Parkes. New South
Wales, reached height of IL feet J
inches. The circumference of the stalk
near the ground was fifteen inches. The
large flower which formed the crown of
the giant was IT inches across and 4
feet inches around.
Also. that Mrs. A. Buffers of Leoni.
Leicesteg street, Preston, reports sun
flower which. while not so high as the
New South Wales specimen. had a
flower 17M inches in diameter. with
circumference OF feet s inches.
Mr.. Chanter wrote OF one he had
grown this season which measured 10
feet inches in height and bore flower
~ inches in diameter and 50 inches in
circumference.
w. l.. Beatty has sun1ower with a
height Of IL feet / inch and a flower
i6 inches In diameter and AZ inches in
circumference.
ParlSes. where one OF the big sunrov-
ers was grown. Is in the adjoining state
OF New South Wales; the others are
growing In Victoria. near Melbourne.
In the Orbost district OF this State
flowers larger than any OF those whose
measurement are given are said to be
In existence. II hear or any shall
send the dimensions TO you.
Anyway. 10 talk OF other big things,
the prize pumpkin at the Orbost show
weighed fs3 pounds WALTER LYON.
SALE, Victoria, Australia March IL.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Hylanesque.

In his effort to counteract the ef-
feet of Governor MLLER's speech on
the States duty in the matter of the
city's transit situation Mayor HYLAN
resorts to all his old ways of abusing
the Governor. One Of these is the
statement that Mr.. MILLER was once
the attorney OF the Brooklyn Rapid
Transit Company.
What is the evil in that, assuming
its truth? Mr.. HYLAN himself was
once the attorney for the Black Dia
mond Automobile Company. II that
corporation We're still alive and look
Ing for city business would the Mayor
be suspected of favoring it? No, only
by the meanest minds.
1t is doubtful, however, whether
the Governor cares what the Mayor
says so long as the city gets better
transportation service. In the same
speech in which he breathed fire at
the Governor Mr.. HYLAN as much
90 piohtiSSQ lhdt Vic DOoio VI Low
mate would act soon on the Four
teenth street subway contracts. II
sounded like man who is yielding
to the inevitable.
Governor MILLER made it plain to
the people of New York that the
State, through the Transit Commits
sion, is doing it's best to right the
transportation wrongs and that il
will not patiently endure obstructiop
from politicians or public service
corporations.
The straphangers do not care how
badly the Governor has wounded the
Mayors vanity. They viii be de-
lighted, though, If the Governor s
plain talk stirs the Board OF Esti-
mate to action.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Contrasts in City Hall Park.

Now that "Civic Virtue" is on its
pedestal in City Hall Park the pub
lie has it's chance to form its own
opinion of the MacMonnies marble.
RI it thinks the hero's face too remi-
niscent of the football player of the
'90s, IL ii finds the bobbed hair or
the bony form Of the sirens distaste-
full, If 1t fears the work too large for
it's surroundings, then let the Art
Commission hear the verdict OF the
Six Million.
At any rate, the people should go
and see And il the big white fell
low on the fountain does not fill their
minds eye then they have only to
turn around and find solace in an
other work OF Mr.. MAcMoNSrEs, exc
cuted thirty years ago. In all the
world OF sculpture there could be no
greater contrast than that between
Civic Virtue" and the bronze like
ness of NATHAN HALE. One is huge,
white, we'll fed and somewhat vacant
of expression. The other is small,
dark. lean and burning with the fire
of the patriot.
It is worth while putting "Civic
Virtue" up in the Park If 1t serves
no other purpose than to bring New
Workers TO a spot where they must
see the appealing figure of HALE.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
BOBBY BEsLER's RECITAL.
Many Small Children I'm Audience
at Town Hall.

Many children, some very tiny, were
in the audience at Town Hall yesterday
afternoon when Miss Bobby Besler
gave her annual costume recital of
songs for young and grown up chill
dren"
The children came with their adult
escorts in groups small and large. At
the back of the hall and up in some of
the boxes were large numbers of them,
Of varying ages and sizes, who had
come from different institutions Of the
city.
Some of the little people pyefaced the
entertainment by sucking lolly pops and
some cried or went to sleep while the
entertainment was going on. Miss
Bobby" with Miss Elinor Everitt at
the piano, gave many songs by different
writer's They were grouped as songs
South" songs from old France" songs
about lots Of things" and '.cautionary
tales" Mana zuccas my Sore Thumb"
and DIRTY Face were sung and so
were Leonis Brownies and Leh-
manns "Rebecca--Who Slammed Doors
for Fun and Pcrished Miserably" and
Henry King-Who Chewed Little
Pieces OF String and Was Early Cut
orr in Agonies." (Here the singer,
dressed in Kate Greenway costume,
really sobbed).
Miss Bobbys made up appearance and
limitations of little girl i'm the practice
hour group was especially good and
at one time she even hoisted herself
up and used the piano top for a seat
while she sang. The program, which
was given for the Wellesley College
semi-centennial fund. was very warmly
applauded throughout.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22

dred eggs are deposited by each fe-
male, usually on stalks and leaves
open to air and sunlight. Although
the voracious young caterpillars have
a preference for ears of growing corn,
they are willing to feed on stalks of
celery, young beans, beets and nearly
two hundred kinds of other plants,
including chrysanthemums and dah-
lias.
The theory that the moths are
blown across Lake Erie from Canada
into Ohio has been pretty well sub
stantiated. The moth itself has very
feeble power of fight, not more than
two or three miles at a low speed,
but a stiff wind will carry the insect
many nTiaes. 1t is found also that
after falling into the water the moth
under certain conditions may again
rise and proceed in its enforced
flight.
The menace of the corn borer is a
serious matter. Effective methods Of
protection against it are yet to be
found. In Europe the best remedy
discovered so far is the use OF para
sites which kill the insect or sterilize
its eggs; but even this plan fails to
exterminate the corn borer.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Affairs in Alaska.
The Situation Called Typical Of the
Processes of Bureaucracy.

TO THE New YORK HERALD: l note
the completion OF a railroad in Alaska
467 miles long, costing $4,000 mile.
Also that the total white population or
Alaska is about that Of White Plains.
y. ". or Bloomfield, N. J.. and steadily
decreasing. After scandaious accusa-
tioas against the former prospectors and
pioneers who would exploit the Terri
tory ,'r Is the result.
Ii ills been stated that the only coal
mines on the Pacific coast would be
opened UP by this railroad. Capitalizing
the new railroad at the above stated
cost. what would the price of coal have
to be to pay 6 per cent. on the cost OF
the road? And how many tons could
be mined yearly?
And is the statement as to the value
of the coal a true one? And is 1t not
the fact that the navy. in whose behalf
this money was spent, is abandoning
the use of coal in favor Of oil?
And is it not Clifford Plnchot. now
campaigning for Governor Of Pennsyl-
yania, who is responsible for the whole
situation, the throttling of the future
VI Tic leifitoiy eSu ycdis VI ~ ooo
Is there more perfect example OF
bureaucracy in the whole departmental
history of this Government--unless 1t is
the money wasted on so-called irriga-
tion in the arid districts?
If this business were turned over to
an investigator like Herbert Hoover TO
report the facts what would be his ver-
diet? JOSEPH ID. HOLMES.
NEW YORK, April 81.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
Studying Foreign Soils.

Results of the visit to European
countries of DR.. CURTIS f. MARBUT
of the United States Department of
Agriculture, who goes abroad to
make a study of soil conditions, will
be awaited with interest.
One of the purposes Of his trip is
to learn whether there is any marked
difference between the soils of the
great wheat growing districts Of Rus.
sia and Rumania and the land OF our
own Northwestern States, chiefly the
Dakotas. Parts OF Germany, France.
Poland and southern England have
been likened to parts Of Maryland,
Pennsylvania and Ohio in the matter
of soil and crop production. DR..
MAIBuT will make an analysis of the
foreign conditions and report on the
results achieved by agriculturists
in the districts he visits.
His researches will embrace Italy
and Greece. where crops have been
grown continuously for two thousand
years on land that is rarely il ever
fertilized and. has been without the
benefit of much live stock farming.
The famous English experiment sta
tion at Rothamstead, where as much
as forty bushels of wheat to the acre
is reported as having been produced,
will oIco bo yiuitod
The American commissioner will
have an opportunity to compare notes
on soil fertility with the best of the
foreign experts at q convention in
Prague. When that is concluded
samples OF soil from every country
in Europe will be obtained in the hope
that correlation may be established
in soil work with foreign nations. 1t
is planned to arrange for the adop-
tion of a common terminology in
describing soils and soil problems.
The New York herald., 1922-04-22
The New Broom Makes Trouble.

Clean sweeping is the traditional
virtue of the new broom; on the
other hand, the spread OF the Euro
pean corn borer must be charged
against it. That pest was first dis
covered in the United States in 1917.
and investigation has shown that IL
came here from Europe in bales OF
broom corn.
A survey made in 1920 revealed
an infested area covering eastern
Massachusetts, another in New York
extending across Albany and Scho-
harie counties and third in the
extreme western part OF the State.
This last area OF infection now ex-
tends along the lake shore clear
across the State of Ohio. The ento-
mologists OF the Department of Agri-
culture believe that the corn borcr
crossed Lake Erie from Canada to
invade northern Ohio.
The corn borer is the grub or cater
pillar of small yellow.white moth
about an inch in spread of wings.
The wings of the female are trav.
ersed by faint smoky colored lines.
The male moth is slightly smaller
than the female. brownish in color
with yellow spots on his wings.
There arc two generations each year
and an avcrarc of nearly five hum