davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
Raised Freight Rate

As early as June, 1921, the European
Freight Conference raised the freight
rate from the Far Eastern ports TO
Europe by 10 to so per cent. The
shipment of Manchurian beans to
Europe added TO the demand for bot
toms and the entire shipping situation
began to take on different color.
Added TO this there was the sudden
and huge demand for japanese coal
for India. The British coal strike was
the cause of that. And it came to
pass that instead of ships tied up there
was far searching for ocean bottoms
Two japanese steam ship companies,
4amashita Kisen Kaisha and Naigai
Kaiun Kaisha. contracted to supply
India with 900 tons of Kyushu
(Japanese) and Fushun (Manchurian)
coal. All these things added to the
scarcity of bottoms all around.
The income Japan derives from her
shipping business is of no modest pro-
portions. The amount of money Japan
received from foreign countries and
customers in freight, charterage and
sale of ships all through the war years
rose to the enormous total of 1854
0b7,000 yen. And the up and downs of
the shipping business are taken vers.
very seriously by the natives of the
island empire. And with the promise
Of better day for the Japanese ship
ping looking her in the face, business
Japan once more is beginning to smi y.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
To the Rescue!

incidentally, with the German mark
fuctuating near the fringe of worth
lessness, where will be buyers of the
Teuton currency all the way from
eight cents down get off Promises
of facile fortune building led to
prodigious specializing in marks not
only in the United States, but in many
countries abroad, especially the
neutral countries of Europe. Various
rescue parties have been organized
Of the wreckage through the pooling
Of marks in central enterprises formed
to buy tangible property in Ger
many. Plans for similar organiza
tion in this country are under way.
In the last two years the person
ality of William C. Durant has been al
most barome eter of the changing tides
of business. In the great slump two
years ago Mr.. Durant found it neces-
sary to sell his holdings in the Gem
eral Motors Corporation, which to a
large degree was a product of his
imaginative energy. His personal for
tune was at low ebb, and many be-
lieved he had sung his swan song.
Since his recovery has been far more
rapid than that of industry generally.
To-day he is the one factor in The au-
tomobile industry who most needs
watching. Manufacturer of the moder-
ate priced Durant car and Of the cheap
Star automobile, he is now head of the
LOGON obile Company and has just or
ganized the Flint Motor Company to
make a light six-cylinder car. Com
petitors regard him as factor whose
strength cannot be predicated, as q
growing expanding unit, with passion
for integration, stimulated by unusual
initiative and large-seale dreams. His
trade rivals are wondering whether he
is aspiring to build another General
Motors or for the third time to regain
control, after having lost it twice.
Mass production and enormous selling
campaigns are the toys with which Mr..
Durant plays, and the stskes are tens
of millions.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
Along the Highways Of Finance

I'm THESE days Of specialization new
profession has come into being. It's
members are directors and managers
of voluntary bureaus created to throw
obstacles in the way of unsthaeal folk
in the business and financial world.
The Better Business Bureau, which has
just been formed to detect and expose
fraud in New York, is the thirty-sev-
enth agency Of this type organized in
the United States. The first came into
Icing in Minneapolis eight years ago,
and the secretary, H. j. Kenner, Is now
manager of the local body, which will
assume in this area tae work which
heretofore has been done by the
vigilance com nittee Of the Associated
Advertising Club, of the World, of
which Mr.. Kenler has been director.
There is nothing of the agent pro-
vocateur type about Mr.. Kenner, slen-
der, yet virile looking, man of thirty
five. Mr.. Kenner is not a snooper, but
a scientific Investigator. When he asks
promoter who is long on hot air and
short on facts for balance sheet and
an income account, he is satisfied with
nothing but a direct response. A re-
fusal, accompanied subtly by an asser
tion that profits in the future will be
enormous fails to impress him favor
ably.
Former Secretary Of the Treasury
David F. Houston is president of the
Better Business Bureau and Former
Assistant District Attorney Simmons
is general counsel. The excellence of
the personnel has permitted this new
organization to get started under
favorable conditions. And yet the
workers must remember that they can
succeed in their laudable purpose only
if they perpetually keep before them
standards Of public service, rugged
honesty, and impartiality. A Better
Business Bureau has no special in
quistorial rights under the law, and
needs perpetually to justify its exist
ence by good works. 1t can thrive only
by stimulating and aiding the law en-
forcing officers and public press. Pub
licity is the surest cure, being effica-
cious especially against the more deli
cate methods of misrepresentation
which fail to constitute a clearly de-
fined crime under the law.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06

and competitive lines will enable the
buyer to view a wider range of mer-
chandlse in the time at his disposal
than through the usual method of Wis
lting showrooms and selling Offices.
Another point that has been stressed
by the promoters is that even if actual
buying is not done in large volume it
Will establish new connections be-
tween buyers and sellers that probably
will lead to future business.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06

With the tremendous influx Of rep
resentatives of dry goods and depart
ment stores from the interior to the
New York wholesale markets in quest
OF merchandise, we think it might be
fitting for the New York theaters to
inscribe on their programs, "Caveat
Emptor" Or perhaps, since the
study Of the classics is no longer OBJ
ligatory, especially for merchandise
managers, it might be palmer to say:
"Let the buyer beware!"
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
By Merryle Stanley Rukeyser

wide arcs, only a thin margin Of dis.
cretion and good judgment separates
solvency from insolvency. 4 straight
forward broker who has installed an
efficient system for keeping adequate
margins, however, can move from bull
to bear markets and back again with
out the slightest difficulty. Police
work will help to eliminate the care
less and the wicked, but it cannot be
substituted for business acumen and
sound judgment.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
Work Separately

The situation to-day is that none OF
the three committees has definite
plan offer and that though their aims
are more or less similar, they are
working separately and without har-
mony. The Hammond committee is the
only one of the three which has an
nounced the value of the bonds de-
posted with it, approximately S1O,-
100000. Its Endorsement of the West
ern Pacific plan led to the assumption
that 1t is working with that railroad.
This allegation is denied and the point
made that its membership no longer
embraces any one associated or identi-
fed with the Western Pacific. The
Perkins committee, on the other hand,
is regarded as favoring the Missouri
Pacifc's interest, but here again the
assumption does not seem soundly
predicated. At last report, deposits
with it comprised between $1,000, 600
and S8,000,000 of the refunding 5s, of
which the total issue outstanding is
slightly in excess of $31 100000. The
Sutro committee, temporarily the most
aggressive, is interested only in the
adjustment Is and, while noestatement
OF the amount deposited with it is
available, it is necessarily minority
representative, as 81 per cent of the
total issue of $4,000, 900 Is is held by
the Western Pacific and another large
block is held by the Gould estate.
Moreover, the securities which it is
acting for are junior to the 5s, al
though secured in part by pledge of
the latter
What the next move in the situation
will be is problematic. The Sutro
committee is determined to obtain the
restoration by litigation, if it cannot
otherwise be accomplished, of the Utah
Fuel Company and other assets taken
by the Western Pacific Railroad Cor
poration.
Inc Hammond committee Is waiting
fer better offer and the Perkins COM
mttee is maintaining an attitude of
compiacent expectancy. 1t is probable
that II nothing is forthcoming these
two. committees may get together to
work out plan, but this is by no
means assured.
There is some suggestion that the
Missouri Pacific will be the next to
bid and that the reorganization might
be worked out in connection with it.
Its offer may or may not be more fa-
vorable than the Western Pacifc's, and
is certain to be subjected to extensive
criticism and analysis. In the present
mood of the committees the acceptance
of any offer that may be counted as q
probability appears unlikely. The Mis-
souri, Pacific unquestionably has con-
siderable stake in the situation and
has acquired fair block of the SIS to
protect its position.
A study of the situation and a can
vass Of views points to an ultimate ad-
justment which will give the bond
holders ample equity and which will
give the Western Pacific and the Mis-
souri, Pacific comparatively equal ad-
vantages from the Denver & Rio
Grande properties. Meanwhile the
Atchison or Burlington may come along
with satisfactory offer, although this
is not expected because of the legal
technicalities that would have to be
overcome, or the bondholders, giving
up hope of reorganizing in connection
with another line or lines, may 90
ahead with plan for an independent
company.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06

black days it was mapping out a plan
of expansion for its Nagoya factory
up to $4,000 spindles
Seijiro Miyajima took a six months
trip through America and Europe re-
Gently, and placed ORDERS for needed
spndles and mach merry while on mis-
tour. The company is going to estab-
iish a new mill of 20 600 spindles st
Tslngtao. And everything needed for
the new factory and for the extension
of its mills in Japan is expected 70 ar
rive in Japan and at Tsingtao by Sep
tember of this year.
The Improvement in the cotton warm
business in Japan tells the story of the
recovery OF her Chinese business, in
spite of the disorders in North China
between General Chang, of Manchuria.
and the Central China forces under
General Wa Pelfu, and the comic opera
fuss which has been raging about Can
ton. For China Is the chief market for
our cotton yarn and cotton cloths. The
trade returns tell the same story. In
the month Of April, this year, Japanese
exports to China amounted in value TO
3o,Z64,000 yen. This is quite - i'm
provement on the figures for .pril.
1921, which stood at 25.83l 900 yen. The
first four months of this year showed
Chinese trade amounting to 4s,is2,ooo
yen.
Shipping and shipbuilding business
have been the twin mourners heading
the funeral procession Of the after-the.
war depression. That was true every
where all over the world, but nowhere
quite SO poignantly as in Japan. But
even in shipping and shipbuiding the
picture of Japanese business depression
has been overdone.
Take the case of the Kawasaki Dock
yard Company-one of the two largest
shipbuilding plants of the country-for
example. This company, along with
similar concerns in Japan. has suffered
from number of troubles other thar
the mere business depression which
came in the wake of the war boom. 1t
has been wrestling with labor troubles
of all kinds. 1t has suffered from the
sudden cancellation of large portion
Of orders from the imperial navy as
the result of the Washington con
ference. In spite of it all. the com
pany's profit for the first six months
of this year stood at 4,616,000 yen.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06

~ rseeivership technically is step
I'D anal reorganization and re-
l..s'l;tstion Of q property with 8 good
sIs.sT &c record and current net re-
a..,A s..s that are running ahead of in
~. 90 charges. The connection which
& r. G. furnishes between
- s..rsr = and Salt Lake City gives the
ss.ss s..sy.v value probably in excess of
r'F I. ,sre mileage and materially
..s.,.,ethens = the strategic position Of
4. ...''s Ssondholders. Both the Western
=. y..ifc y' and the Missouri Pacific are in
/. '.ss. lsgYee dependent upon the traffic
sases il originates for them, ac-
'..S;rs s'.,Sr to the testimony of experts in
...1.s 9. after. and it could be used to ad
s...sss :. ,~ by either the Atchison or the
yA-,;svton. In contrast, it is stated
~. g. tSe Denver & Rio Grande West
- - originates so per cent of its own
.,ss;e =, and takes but 20 per cent from
s.ssr .sss lines. The territory which it
'.-es s.-s is h the mining fields and much
= q ~ business results from hauling
y eaaJ Yet during the coal strike the
ss.srss sss show that earnings have been
aimed on ratio indicating
fully to cover hxed charges this
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
Silk Is Leading Japan
To Business Recovery
Producers Encouraged by Strength and
Activity of Market; Cotton Yarn
and Shipping Looking Up
By Adachi Kinnosuke

American Correspondent Of the Toxic "Ji"
NEE and, leading
the Egypt of readjumen
Theurn the cherry bossomy April
ing INTO May That about the time
wise prophets America confidently
the bowwows that whole country
trembling
That the financial running
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
open Way for Actio,,

s,t,as defaults opened Il way for
ss;s.. sn Dy the bondholders. The opinion
ssIlss sIls tnat they could have been fore
4 H ,s;a oy the Western Pacific and.
sa..,; s.ss is so it raises an intere sting
Ma. st..on as to the Western Pacific's at
aas ~ toward maintaining the status
h. me Western Pacific was deriv-
- 99eheiits from the situation. but
..n,a.' .'ssouEj Pacific was obtaining
visssss issss The Identical advantages and
sst s' ~ cost to it. That may or may
r.ss' ys q significant fact.
ps.sss.so the default the Western
~ suc railroad Corporation came out
iSe -. specific offer to the holders of
ispsis! sis!ustment rs and the first and re-
Ii ing ra9g os; The plan briefly embraced
csisosd properties OF the old D. a
i. y, with some exceptions, notably
gea,. securities of the Rio Grande
Is.n 4srn .a hallway Company, which had
lssgra. g a.sansferred in satisfaction of the
i saa aeas to the Western Pacific. The
x'S.s .he Us were to be extinguished
s'1 ~ foreclosure or otherwise, and
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
Patterned After Similar
Events i'm Europe, 1t
Will Differ, However,
at S veral Points
Started by the Retailers
Two Merchants Associations
Will Hold Conventions
Here at the Same Time

NE of the most interesting
" e,;oeriments ever conducted
in this country along the line
of improving, or rather shortening,
the road travelled by merchandise
from the manufacturer to retail dis
trlbutor will begin tomorrow, when
the First National Merchandise Fair
throws open the doors of the Grand
Central Palace and the list Regi-
ment Armory for three weeks of
wholesale buying and selling of prac
tically all commodities handled in the
average retail dry goods, department
store or women's speciality shop.
The fair is patterned something
along the lines of the merchandise
fairs so familiar to European buyers.
The most noted of these, the annual
fair at Leipsig, Germany, has long been
recognized as world trade stimulant.
The idea of collective exhibits of mer-
chandise for wholesale and even retail
selling purposes is not exactly new,
but the present experiment is fraught
with many novel angles.
In the first place, the fair, which will
be devoted to the exposition of prod
ucts by manufacturers and wholesalers,
is being staged not by these people,
who are sellers, but by the retailers,
who are expected to be the buyers at
the sale. The fair idea originated in
the board of directors of the National
Retail Dry Goods Association and is
being staged by that association, which
numbers more than 1000 members
among the dry goods and department
stores of the country, and by the Ma
tional Garment Retailers Association,
an organization Of women's apparel re-
tailers, which later Joined with the
dry goods body in promoting the big
selling event. The latter association
will supervise the w0nssn's and chill
dren's garment exposition, which will
he held in the list Regiment Armory,
and also will stage it's semi-annual
style show in conjunction with the fair.
WsIo Rux,oo M CnnIe
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
|Receiyership Will Help
|D.&R.C.W Reorganization
PRESENT Outlook Favors New Inde.
pendent Company Rather Than
Merger With Another Read

ppONTENT receiver for the Denver Grande Western
Railroad Company the elimination proceedings instituted
protective committees representing holders the
nnvr Grande SYSTEM has focused situation around which
decade bitter and comne
.roles in the history of American railroads.
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
Keeping Tab on Brokers

A reader in Pittsburgh writes US of
plan for making the brokerage bust
ness safer for customers.
Il had the pleasure of reading your
article, entitled Along the Highways Of
New-York tribune., 1922-08-06
Vide Range of Goods

Most of the other shows or exposi-
tions staged previously in this country
have been devoted to a single line Of
commodities, or at most to few varie-
ties of merchandise. The general pub
lie is familiar with the annual auto
mobile show, the chemical show, the
silk exposition staged last year and to
various style shows, such as those put
The New York herald., 1922-04-12
Booths Words Distorted.
The Phrase Heard at a Variety Per-
fOrmance In 1865.

TO THE New YORK HERALD: In re-
gard to the widespread legend that when
President Lincoln was shot by y. Wilkes
Booth the latter exclaimed, I'm sick.
send for McGinness !. let me say was
in my fifteenth year at that period and
was short time before graduated from
an East Side grammar school in New
York city, and was about to enter the
Free Academy, now known as the Col
lege Of the City of New York. ! men,
ton this fact to avoid boing classed as
DUST kid at that time.
/ first learned OF the heartbreaking
occurrence at 4 40 A. M. ON Saturday.
April 15, 1865, from a telegram from
Washington to my father, who at that
time was Identified with Republican pol
itics Later. at about 8 o'clock. we were
informed that a telegram had been sent
TO General John A. Dix by the Secretary
OF War Edwin M. Stanton. informing
him that abraham Lincoln died this
morning OF % minutes past o'clock
The following paragraph ] take vcr-
batim from a copy Of THE NEw YonK
HERALD OF April is. 1865. which con-
tanned full account Of the assassi-
nation:
"The theater was denseiy crowded
and all seemed delighted with the scene
before them. During the third act, and
one OF the actors to enter, a sharp re-
port OF pisoi was heard. which merely
attracted attention, but suggested moth
The New York herald., 1922-04-12

In Washington the Government rec
ognizes the fiapper by using her name
in a heading in Department of
Commerce report. Something New
for Flappers."
Meanwhile the flapper is serene,
comfortable, independent and in
many cases wise and beautiful. She
dresses that way because the other
girls are dressing that way and the
stores sell short skirts. She paints
in order that the world may be full
of color. She bobs her hair because
it is cool and easy way OF dressing
1t. Some Offices try to discipline her.
but she will conquer them eventually.
Women in the mass are never de-
feated. And a world which stood
for the bustles of the early sos
should not object to the most ad-
vanced fiapperism of to-day.
Flap on, 0 Flapper!
The New York herald., 1922-04-12
Our Help to Austria.

International loans in these times
come equipped with set OF shock
absorbers. Austria, in the depths OF
and without resources of her
own, needed money to save what
little economic strength was left af-
ter years OF decaying business, paper
money imitation and want OF capital.
Czecho-Slovakia is rich in natural
resources. She could furnish capital
to promote trade between her own
people and the Austrian Republic.
She gave Austria loan of about
s10,000,000 with promise OF more
to come.
But Austria's needs were not con.
fired to the things that could be
bought with the Czecho-Slovakian
money without converting II into
gold through the. foreign exchange
market. To throw this deadweight
load OF Czech money on the interna-
tional market In order to obtain for
eign materials would have meant a
serious setback both for Austria and
for Czecho-Slovakia because the sale
would have still further enhanced
the price OF gold in the terms OF
The New York herald., 1922-04-12
Ways Of Claquers.
Three Objections to an Explanation
of Their Presence mt the Opera.

To THE New YORK HERALD: 7 have
read with considerable interest DIR.
Damrosch's remarks concerning the
claquers at the Metropolitan.
Unfortunately the explanation given
by the Metropolitan people does not ex-
plain. AS one who has been in the
galleries for a good many years. and Is
not a Latin. this matter has been OBJ
served by me for a long time. and their
explanation falls down In three points.
The claquers are not OF a type that
any artist would invite to the opera as
his friends. They do not occupy seats
but are standees. They do not applaud
the singers because they never hear
them.
AS soon as the lights go out they dis
appear into the lobby. smoke and talk
until the lights are again turned on.
They do not applaud the singers, because
as soon as the artists appear before the
curtain they seem to have accomplished
their object and stop.
1t may be impossible to correct this,
but at least let us have the facts. be-
cause no one who has seen the clauuc
in operation can have the least doubt
that they are being paid by somebody.
NEWARK, N. j., April IL. OPERA.
The New York herald., 1922-04-12
War Slaughter.

General Won ALrRocK, a German
statistician, places the German losses
in killed during the war at 1,S0S,54S
and in wounded at 4,246,779. Ger
many was in the war for fifty-one
months and seven days, and General
yoy ALTRocK estimates that for every
hour of the conflict Germany lost
As men killed and 100 wounded.
Accepting General Won ALTRocK's
figures as accurate, it appears that
the total OF those killed and wounded
in the German forces, reckoned by
the hour, exceeds the losses of any
other great Power in the conflict
except Russia. When Russia made
peace she had been in the war forty
three months and three days. Her
losses. in round numbers. in killed
we're 100000 and in wounded 1880
600. For every hour of her partici-
patton in the war 54.S of her men
were killed and 1895 wounded. Rus
sia's hourly losses exceed Germany's
in the number of killed by S.S and in
the number OF wounded by sos.
Austria-Hungary lost 100000 men
killed and 3,200,O00 wounded, or on
the average 21.6 killed and S6.6
wounded every hour; France lost
1,3s5,300 killed, or 37.7 for every
hour. and 2,675,Ooo wounded. or 72.S
hourly. The British Empires SOL
diers we're killed at the rate OF 1873
an hour and we're wounded at the
rate OF 55.4 hourly.
The Central Records ONCE Of the
American Expeditionary Forces, from
which the figures presented here
come. gives the British loss in killed
as e92,065 and in wounded as .2,037.-
s25. Italy was in the war forty-one
months and nineteen days. Her 1884,
600 men killed died at the hourly rate
OF 12.1 and her $4,000 soldiers
wounded we're stricken at the rate OF
31.5 an hour.
The United States was in the war
nineteen mosths and four days. Much
OF this time was devoted 10 raising
our armies and transporting them
to France. Our total killed was
50,327 and our wounded 205,690. Our
men we're killed at the rate OF 3.6
and wounded at the rate OF 14.9 an
hour for the whole period OF our par.
ticipation. The averages for actual
combat hours cannot be satisfactorily
ascertained.
with the total number Of killed OF
all nations during the war placed at
7,66s,3O and the wounded at 1851.
257, the interesting fact disclosed is
that for every hour the conflict lasted
2o7.7 men weu killed and 5o6.d