davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Sees Wars While There Are Nations
Philip Kerr, Ex-Secretary Lloyd George Tells In
sttute of Politics World State Is Only Cure for Conflict

, cause. at is not race, or religion, oil
color, or nationality, or despotism. OF
progress, or any of the causes usually
cited. 1t Is the division Of humanity
into separate states.
THAT humanity should be so divided
seems natural, almost law Of nature
That it can ever be otherwise seems al
most impossible. Yet 1t Is by all odds
the greatest cause Of war, and until 1t Is
overcome wars as frequent and as ter
rible as those of the past Will continue
to scourge the earth. In my Judgment
every movement for the abolition of war
which does not recognize this funda-
mental fact and deal with 1t will fail as
every peace movement In the past has
failed because it did not deal with 1t.
THE international world to-day Is In
the same position as were the Western
communities of the United States sew
enty years ago. It Is without law
every State has to rely FOR Its rights
upon it's own power force 10 supreme,
In point Of fact II is In a worse condi-
tion, because, while peoples In western
mining camps were united by constant
contact, by the common bond OF human
association and by fairly vigorous pub
lie opinion, the International world has
no bond Of unity at all.
THE highest condition to which any
state has ever reached is indifference
to It's neighbor states. Nations often
show home love for humanity, and es-
pecially for suffering humanity. In other
lands, but OF love by one state for an
other state there is not in history q
sign that ] can see.
"Am so very far from the truth" he
asked. when say that to-day can see
no security against another world war;
This afternoon. In Prof George H.
Blakeslee's round table conference on
'"The Pacific Ocean and It's Problems"
Rear Admiral Hairy s. Knapp declared
that Article XIX. OF the Washington
treaty, limiting naval armaments, fatal
ly impairs for the United States the 5-b-3
ratio of floating strength with Japan
in 50 far as the western Pacific is con-
cerned
'aThe United States" he said. has
yielded the possibility Of naval equality
in that region; control sho has never
sought. It is beside the mark to say
that we are as well of as we were be-
fore the treaty That Ii half truth
true only in the material sense In the
sense Of sovereignty we have given up
the right to better our situation, and that
without adequate return--certainly with
out return in kind. Our military pres
tige has received blow: and with the
waning Of military prestige political
prestige fwanes also. The treaty may
very wen mark the beginning OF a de-
creased influence In the far East. with
attendant loss to our proper II selfish
trade interests, and to our altruisti'
purposes for China and Siberia
He said that whereas our naval ex-
perts agreed to the 5-5-3 ratio on the
understanding that they were to be free
to continue the fortifcations program
and the upbuilding of naval bases, this
right was denied at several important
points under the treaty.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12

and out of Russia, no right to deter
mine the form of government, no
freedom Of discussion. Naturally,
there will be opposition SO long as the
communist control continues. There
will be opposition after the commu-
mist control has ended, and the new
form of government will not suffer IL
1t permits the communists to be as
noisy as they like.
The communist control must end
for the same reason that the Czarist
regime ended. and because 1t magni-
fies in itself the evils of the Czarist
regime. 1t strikes at freedom In the
interests OF a small section Of the
population. The only persons in
Russia to-day for whom life is toler-
able are those who administer its
government.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Lightning Affects Lights.
Scientists Working for an UnfAiline
Supply Of Electricity.
Nom fhs UtlNfv BvIlefs~.

Nom the Cttnfv BvUefsH.
Summer time IL worry time for the
man who operate electric central sta
tions It IA then that their greatest
natural opponent. the lightning nash,
has fullest sway. For twenty-four hours
each daf their utmost efforts and the
latest improvements made by science In
electrical practice are devoted to frus-
tratins the power of the storm 20 that
the current may be kept "on" without
interruption.
The approach OF 4 storm IL watched
by the central station superintendent
with more dread than that shown by
the most nervous Of mortals AFRAID OF
lightning. Every up to date company
has IN It's stan one person whose duty
Il is to check up the weather reports
ana supplement or verify them BY local
observations. Tho linemen are under
standing orderS either to call up the
home once or TO report there immepi-
ateiy when q storm breaks. 30 that
they may be available to repair lines
which 70 down. The power house en-
gincers are on the alert
Many things can happen between the
power house and the lamp in your home
floods and washouts. trees uprooted
and nuns across the transmission virus
or branches broken by the storm and
blown across them. Lightning may
strike the poles or wires; but even u
Il does not score a direct hit but strikes
anywhere near them II sets UP dts
turbance which will sometimes close
down the power house.
Not 30 many years ago II was the
custom for everything to stop when
ssorm appeared onfthe horison. At that
time tho protection against lightning
consIstAd--as It does to-day in radio APP
paratus--of, q series OF arresters or
gaps across which the lightning was
supposed to jump to the ground. In re-
cent years this principle has been I'M
proved on ana now a set OF strange
looking tanks stands between the long
cross-country line and the wires which
distribute the electricity around the city.
All but the heaviest discharges of light
ming spill or through these without
damaging the transmission lines.
| Some transmission lines in New York
State are hundreds Of miles long and
40 are exposed to damage over great
distances. Though II may be a cloud
less summer afternoon In the central
part OF the state. a thundcrstorm over
Niagara may stop the current tempo.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Court Reporter 36 Years.
The Late Frank 8. Boards Arduous
Work In the General Sessions.

Work In the General Sessions.
To THE New YORK HERALo. The late
frank s. Beard made q remarkable
record as official stenographer Of Part
II. OF the Court Of General Sessions
Beginning work as a reporter for THE
SUN, he received his appointment to
Office in 1886 through his friendship
with Frederick Smyth. then Recorder.
He was a glutton for work. Few real
ize the terrific strain under which short
hand reporters labor. The average num-
ber Of words taken down In an ordinary
days session OF court is 10000. This
assuredly Is days stint. But FREE
quently the ,stenographer Is required to
dictate a days take In order that the
minutes Of the testimony Of an impor-
tant trial may be IN the hands Of court
ana counsel the following morning.
Mr.. Beard followed this nerve rack.
ing occupation for thirty-six years and
always seemed. to enjoy tho hard work.
During his long years In the court he
won and retained the conndence and
regard Of distinguished members Of the
bench ana bar.
A pupil of Billy Edwards in his
younger days on The Sum. ne often
boasted Of his prowess as an amateur
boxer and kept himself physically At In
later years by daily exercise.
PETER r. McLouoHLiN.
GREAr HARRINGTON, Mass. August 10.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Treasure Trove.

In May and June one British and
three American expeditions were or
ganized for treasure hunts, one party
OF American adventurers being bound
for a reported Klondike In the Bel
gian Congo country, another for a
mysteriWrs treasure Island on the
coast Of Nova Scotia. while the third
set out from Newport News in an
endeavor to lift up out Of the strong
room of the sunken Lusitania the
valuables and gold in it. The British
expedition was planned to sail from
London early In July. also In search
OF the Lusitania's treasures.
The Congo expedition, which started
from Katonah, New York. was re-
ported to be on its way back homo
in the middle of July, owing to the
fact that Belgium could not see It's
way to giving its members con-
cession to hunt for gold in the
country that LEOPOLD did so much to
develop. None Of the other expedi-
tions has been heard from yet, but
while they may or may not have been
at work, the British Admiralty has
been busy at one Of its pet treasure
hunting plans, that Of salvaging the
gold which sank with the Laurentic,
which was torpedoed off the north
ern coast Of Ireland in 1917. The
latest news Of this salvaging oper-
alton is that s7.5o0,00O has been re-
covered from the Laurentic IN the
last two years. On August /, 1921, II
was reported that up to that time
s5, 0.000 had been brought up from
the wreck. II both these statements
are correct II meats that through the
remainder Of the working season last
The New York herald., 1922-08-12

pleaded for strong man at the head
of affairs, and one of them declared
that what Portugal most needed was
dictator and Cabinet of tyrants.
Portugal comes very near having this
since Premier ANTONIO MARIA DA
SILVA launched his new experiment
in governmental tactics.
A short time ago he banished to
the Azores without much ado about it
former Premier, LIBERATo Pinto,
because he saw In him q disturber
whose influence over the Republican
Guard might lead to a recurrence of
the uprising Of last October, In which
several Ministers were killed. He
demanded that the members OF his
Cabinet stick to their posts and fulfill
their duties whatever conditions
arose. He practically commandeered
their services. BY this method ''the
State may become stable" he said.
"and political unrest ana discomfort
be lessened." He announced his In
tention of fighting Bolsheyism and
all disturbing radicalism instead OF
compromising with them. as his pred
ecessors In Office did. He has mani
tested sufficient strength to secure
the approval by the Chamber Of
budget, It being the first time that
such thing has been accomplished
in four years.
Portugal IL rich In agricultural re-
sources. She has valuable colonial
possessions and a coast which could
be converted into a profitable win
ter resort for Europe. She has an
Industrious, hard working. peasantry
whose conservatism makes its mem
bcrn bitter enemies Of Bolshevism
and all forces OF radicalism, and
whose common sense, could 1t be en-
liEtnd In the interest Of their coun-
try. would be potent factor In solv-
ing Portugal's problems. What Por-
tugal needs most Is a solid, substan-
tial Government, and II Premier DA
SILVA with his stern new methods of
rule can bring this about he will
assure his country's prosperity. And
by doing so he will deserve honor as
a national benefactor.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Germany's Wise Move.

Germany has made a diplomatic
move in the matter OF settling the
American claims against her. She
has practically left the decisions IN
the hands OF the United States. In
stead OF waiting for conference OF
the two governments to choose an
umpire whose word shall rule when
the American commissioner and the
German commissioner disagree. the
German Government invited Presi-
dent HARDING to appoint an Ameri-
can to the Office of umpire.
The Germans make no attempt to
disguise their motive for this step.
As Chancellor WIRTH says in his
note to Ambassador HoueHroN, gen.
erosity and spirit OF mutual accom-
modation are necessary to dispel the
distrust among nations. The German
Government puts the selection of the
umpire entirely in the Presidents
hands "in order to give the American
Government a proof of Its conf
dence." The quoted phrase is WIRrH's
and is beyond misunderstanding.
The vanquished debtor leaves it to
the victorious creditor to cast up the
accounts and present the bill. In,
this particular case the debtor need
not worry about the treatment in
prospect. President HARDING has
named as umpire an American no
less distinguished than Mr.. Justice
DAY of the Supreme Court Of the
United States. The appointment,
needless to say. is an assurance that
neither fear nor favor will color the
settlement. This Government and
its citizens who have claims against
the German Government or its citi-
zens will receive their due and the
debtors will not be gouged.
The Germans have been wise in this
case. BY submitting themselves to
the fair play OF the United States
they have obviated, it would seem, all
possibility OF friction in the proceed
ings. They have made a gesture OF
good faith which other European
peoples, through their governments,
might we'll initiate. And they have
undoubtedly prevented the American
settlement from becoming political
issue within Germany.
The event is step forward in the
progress Of after war settlement.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
The China Cupboard.

From the Nation aud the Afhcnoeuyn.
The china cupboard's gray
And cool this shining day:
A hoard OF age old shadows steep
The narrow room In sunless sleep.
Its lowered cupSand dishes wait
In rows upon the shelf, with plate
And jug of blue design
And homey jam jars in q line.
And wide, pale bowls where flowers
spread
Their tracery Of blue and red.
Here Sally comes in working gown
And apron: here she reaches down
A bulaing pitcher. rough and brown,
Into the sunlight then she speeds
To draw the water that she needs.
SO sally's self enfolds me round
with shadowicss shadow and mute
sound,
And II Is very JOY TO find
The close, gay flowers of her mind.
Then she will speed this mood ana be
Crisp light and windy gayety,
When all herthoughts will be ~ keen
AZ water. snd ~ swift ana clean.
Ina cnAvIs.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Begin With the Children.

1t has not been observed in this
quarter that there is satisfactory
progress toward q record vote In the
Senate on the Pat Harrison resolu-
tion about the iniquity of proflteering
craftsmanship.
The proposed resolution does not
invite Senators to pledge themselves
to any new restriction. 1t dosS not
seek to establish any new doctrine az
parliamentary ethics. 1t merely 70.
afirms with clearness, in the words
OF THOMAS JEFrERsoN's rule, a prin-
ciple which has been recognized by
the Congress as fundamental and I'M
perative eyer since the year of our
Lord 1889. Here 1t is again:
Whereas paragraph II Of Sec
ton IL of Jefferson's Manual pro-
vides: Where the private interests Of
a Member are concerned in bill or
question he Is to withdraw. And
when such an interest has appeared
his voice has been disallowed.'
Resolved. That it is the sense OF
the Senate that the principle enunci-
ated in the rule is proper and wise.
Resolved further. That it is the
sense Of the Senate that Senator's,
not only in the consideration Of the
pending bill (H r. 7456) but on all
other questions that may arise in the
Senate should adhere to the rule"
This essential feature Of the COM
mon parliamentary law should be
impressed on every American child.
Every citizen, girl or boy, should
reach the voting age with full COM
prehension of the fact that no legis-
lator holding a public trust can be
permitted to use that trust to vote
into his own special pocket, by way
Of the United States Treasury, money
taken by such legislation from the
pockets Of those who have trusted
him with power.
It should be made an integral part
OF the education of every American
youth.
1t should become nationally rec
ognized axiom which no legislator
would dare to ignore because Of the
nationwide indignation his defiance
would create.
1t should be affirmed and reafirmed
until 1t held it's place as an instinc-
tive thought in every voters mind.
The public should be taught to de-
test any legislator willing to vote in
Congress on measure enhancing
his personal and private gains.
But then, OF course, dishonest men
would still be dishonest.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Portugal Tries a New Method.

The Portuguese Government, ac-
cording to a cable message from Ma
drid a few days ago, was trans
ferred from Lisbon to Fort CascaeS
and at the same time constitutional
guarantees were suspended and q
state of siege was proclaimed. This
crisis was brought about by a gen.
eral strike declared by the extreme
radicals, who had been the cause Of
much OF the recent political and eco
nomic unrest in Portugal. when there
was every indication that the strike
would precipitate another disastrous
factional fight. A cable message from
Lisbon yesterday, however. reported
that governmental action had ended
the strike and restored order.
This result will be especially graft
flying to those persons who have fol-
lowed the course of events in Portu-
gal since the establishment of a re-
public and have watched the strug-
gle OF the conservative elements Of
the country for stable government.
Many OF the leaders who overthrow
the monarchical Government Of King
MANUEL and who were enthusiastic
ally hailed at the time as liberia
tors were long ago ousted from par
ticipation in governmental affairs.
Some were killed in factional strifes
and others left the country.
This disturbed condition appealed
strongly to the Moscow Soviet and it
chose Portugal as one OF the flrst
countries to be won by propaganda.
Bolshevism had even more success
In Portugal than 1t had in italy in
that It still continues to be a factor
which must be reckoned with. The
latest strike was something inythe
nature OF a test of It's strength. It
had plausible excuse on which to
make. its fight IN d demand for re-
duction in the price OF bread. 1t re-
sorted to its familiar methods Of vioA
lence and bomb outrage, but the
army remained loyal to the State
and the Government won the first
substantial victory over radicallsm
which a Portuguese Government had
won for some time.
The Portuguese have resented the
criticism of the outside world which
has followed their frequent factional
clashes and governmental upheavals.
The severest criticism, however, has
come from their own newspapers
The ablest newspapers, without re-
gard to political af1liation. have all
The New York herald., 1922-08-12

Special Dispatch to THE New York TInsALn
WILLIAMsTowN, Mass, Aug. 11.-"Sc
long as mankind. and ESPECIALLY civilized
mankind. remains organized into sep.
arate states. wars, and by that mean
world wars. will continue to decimats
mankind and set back civilization" was
the prophecy made tonight by PHILIP
Kerr. for five years secretary to Lloyd
George, in his first public appearance
before the Institute OF Politics.
mot only have been student OF
International politics for many years =
he said. but from the end OF N1916 till
year ago was almost as close to the
center of world AFFAIRS az II was pos
sible for man to be.
There was no secret Of the British
Government that did not know, no
paper that / did not or could not read.
no conference, hardly. that I could not
attend. witnessed from the inside the
gigantic efforts made TO win the war
and the hardly less titanic efforts to
save the peace. What have to say,
therefore. is based upon some real
knowledge of the way in which the
affairs of nations are conducted. and is
not, though probably at times 1t may
seem to be, academic. <
I'VE shall not abolish wars by pass
ing pious resolutions" he said. NOR by
having professions against war, nor by
n ox,i, xhn -
hard thinking by subscribing literally
for the relief of the distressed. nor even.
In the long run. by international con-
ferences at washington or The Hague.
All these are good, provided they are
recognized as process of getting Up
steam for the real thing.
z Earl Balfour once said TO me that
he was almost more disturbed by peace
movements than by talk about war. ."fer.-
he said, these demonstrations do not
deal with the real causes Of war. They
Just put up a paper screen painted to
delude the people of good will all over
the world Into thinking that something
Is really being done to prevent war.
while In reality behind the paper screen
the forces Of militarism are sharpening
their knives all the time.' .-
To-day the civilized world Is stand
ing In relation to this problem OF war
exactly where England and America
stood In regard to the great war before
1914. 1t Is talking about It. but not
thinking about 1t. 1t made feeble
effort in the covenant OF the League of
Nations. Ut has run away even from
this slender hope. 1t has now come back
to passing resolutions against the use of
poison gas. resolutions which will be
just as effective as the resolutions OF
the Congress of Paris In 1895, which
disappeared like snow in the face OF the
fierce heat of the world war.
1T Is again at It's old amusement of
building paper screens. Inexorably all
the time the forces are piling UP which
years hence will drag new armadas and
fresh armies acsoss the waters of the
world in order to save by human slaugh-
ter what could be secured by other and
better means.
''What IL the fundamental cause OF
war? ] do not say the only cause OF
war. but the most active and constant
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
--------------------
Germany's Old Colonies.
Opposition Arising in Europe to the
System of Mandates.

To THE New YonK HERALD II have
not the slightest doubt" writes e. j. Dill
lon In the Contemporary Reptetc, that
day viii dawn in the not far distant
future when Germany will once more
reenter into possession of part OF her
forfeited colonies" Like w. II. Dawson
in the Fortniohtiv Repietc, DR.. Dillon
sees in the unjust distribution OF Ger
many's overseas colonies main obstacle
to European reconstruction.
The question Of territorial arrange
tnents under the Versailles treaty takes
precedence-fn the mind OF Mr.. Dawson
over that OF repafations. With vigorous
denunciation OF the division Of German
colonies Under mandates among the Al
lied Powers he recommends the pooling
Of tropical territories in Africa in a
great International trust. NJ Herve IN
La Vtctoire recommended the return oi
Togo and Kamerun to Germany.
The mandate notes OF the United
States have asserted the national inter-
est of this country not only in the allo-
cation of mandates but in their terms.
This interest asserted, the position Of
the United States should be made clear
to our former associates. Is 1t to be
that of conhivance in the dispositions
made at Versailles, denounced in Europe
as the cause of present world unrest,
or It is to be in support Of the dictates
OF international morality?
The mandate system must 60 The
jejune discussions and vain casuistry OF
the fifteenth conference Of European
statesmen since Versailles must yield
to absolute dictates OF international law.
War spoils must be disgorged In the
interest Of world economic and material
rehabilitation, and the duty Ii impera-
tive upon America to protest against e
continuance OF the regimen established
at Versailles.
II It Is true that from the Baltic
to the Black Sea, from the Seine to the
vistula and the vardar. millions Of Eu-
ropean soldiers are ready to respond to
the call to arms from Paris" let Amer
lea stand UP for the justice to which
It's intarposition irretrievably commits II.
JOSEPH WHITLA STfNsoN.
NEW YORK. August IL.
The New York herald., 1922-08-12

This 10 the birth date of GEORGE w.
Also Of the poet SovTHEr. But, far
more important to this generation and
this region, Il IL the forty-second
birthday Of CHRIsrorHER MATHEwsoN,
who Is able to come down from the
balsamic mountains and observe the
occasion In his old home town Of Fac
toryville. Pennsylvania May he have
forty-two moro birthdays and cele-
brate the eighty-fourth by giving some
good advice to tho Giant pitchers OF
1964l
The New York herald., 1922-08-12
Radio on Motor Buses,
From Popuior Mechanics Mocos zine.

From Pcpafor Mech0~scs Moodssrs.
Eduipping motor buses with radio appara-
tus IA q departure inaugurated by 4 transit
company operating some eighty-five OF these
vehicles on the Pacific coast. This inno-
walton 10 the result OF the keen rivalry Of
the bus concerns TO obtain for their respsc.
tive lines the patronage Of the thousands Of
tourists who annually visit the Western
States. That the venture is practical has
been fully demonstrated by extensive expert
ments. Possessing only two step radio
short wave receiving outfit. the experiment
ers could hear concerts at a distance OF
fifteen miles from the broadcasting station,
and this despite the obvious necessity OF EN-
ploying a low antenna.