Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-02-27
REMAINS Of An
ANCIENT PEOPLE
ARE DISCOVERED D
Were Intermediate in De-
velopment Between the
Basket Makers and Cliff
DWeIIerS, Is Belief.
(By The Associated rress.) }

Cambridge, Mass, Feb. 26 thc
Associated Press The discovery
of the remains of an ancient peo-
pie who once inhabited the Amer
ican southwest and were interme-
diate in development between the
hasket-makers, the earliest race
known to have lived in this region,
and the Pueblo jewellers,
whose remarkable stone villages
along the Arizona cliffs have at
tracted wide public interest, has
been one OF the results OF eXplora-
tions made during the past year in
the Marsh pass region of north
eastern Arizona by the Peabody
museum of Harvard university
The post Basket Makers" is the
name given the newly discovered
people.
The Harvard expeditions to this
scmi-desert region, over 100 miles
from the nearest railroad, were
begun in 1914 by A. V. Kidder and
Samuel j. Guernsey of the Pea
body museum staff and were later
continued under the sole direction
of Mr.. Guernsey. Prior to 1914
commercial collectors had found
traces of the Basket-makers, but
facts about these earliest people
OF the region had never been Sc
cured by trained archaeolog' SITS
until the Harvard expeditions be-
gan. These expeditions have not
only contributed a mass of infor-
nation concerning the Basket
makers but now show the exist
ence of a people who followed the
Basket-makers in point of time
but preceded the Cliff dwellers.
The post Basket makers" re-
sembled the Basket makers in
many particulars but were clearly
in later stage of development.
The Basket-makers had no perma-
nent dwellings, whereas these later
people had stone houses in caves
and in the open. They also had
pottery, crude in some respects but
with the beginnings of decoration
aud some of it was fired. This is
the earliest pottery known to have
been made in the southwest
Instead Of burying their dead in
caves, as did the Basket-makers,
they seem to have lived in the
caves and to have conducted their
burials in the open. Their more
settled life is attributed to their
success in agriculture. They grew
corn of a primitive variety.
Skeletons found in the course Of
the excavations show that both the
Basket-makers and these success
sors had rather long skulls,
whereas the Cliff-dwellers who
followed them were a round-head-
ed race and always had the back
of the skull artificially flattened
by the hard board rests of the
cradles in which the babies were
placed The relationship of
these various peoples is still a
matter of doubt.
1t is believed that the Post Bas-
ket-makers discovered during the
Harvard explorations were de-
scendants of the ket-makers
but whether they in turn were
ancestors of the Cliff dwellers is
not certain. 1t seems doubtful on
account of the marked difference
in the shape of the head, even
aside from artificial flattening.
The Basket-makers had dogs.
The mummified remains of two
were found during the Harvard ex-
plorations and are now on exhi-
bition at the Peabody museum.
along with a quantity of other OBJ
iects illustrative of Basket maker
life. One was long-haired ami
NAL about the size of a small collie,
the other a smaller black and
white dog resembling somewhat
terrier, with a short shaggy coat.
erect ears and a long full-haired
tail. These were clearly gcruine
dogs and not bred from coyotes or
other wild animals of the region.