davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
JEWISH REFUGEES ARE DYING

Typhus Epidemic Claims Thousands
of Victims in Russia.
New York-Jewish refugees num-
bering some 10000, who are strug-
Cling through winter SHOWS from so
Wet Russia to their former homes in
Lithuania and Letvia, are dying by
thousands from typhus and exposure,
according to a cable received from
Leonard G. Robinson, former presi-
dent of the Cosmopolitan bank by the
Jewish Joint distribution committee.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
NELSON 70, NEARS 81 YEARS SEN
ATE SERVICE

Washington, Feb. 1:-Senator Knute
Nelson will celebrate his 10th birthday
tomorrow. Senator Nelson is ranked
only IN service in the senate by Senator
henry Cabot Lodge; Massachusetts,
who took his seat March l, 1893. Sen
ator Frances F. Warren came into the
senate March 4, 1895, with Senator
Nelson. -
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
70 ATTEMPT. JAIL ESCAPE
Physician and Four Guards Menace
Convicts With Guns.

Chlcago-Attempts OF 70 prisoners
confined in. a tier Of cells on the
fourth floor of Cook county Jail to
batter their way to liberty Saturday
night were frustrated by DR.. Norman
Copeland, night physician at the Jail,
and four guards, it was learned
The tier in which the attempted
Jail delivery occurred is the same
from which Lucky Tommy" O'Con-
nor, condemned murderer, and three
other prisoners escaped last month.
John Giraffe, under indictment for al
legged: assistance given O'Connor, is
said by JAIL officials to-: have been
leader in the attempted delivery.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

Sarah Bernhardt Seriously III.
Paris-Madame Sarah Bernhard is
seriously i'll with influenza in her
Paris home. She has been forced to
cancel her part in the Gala perfor-
mances on the Moliere Thi-Centenary
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

partment of Agriculture and the Farm
Bureau the past few years.
The old board of officers was re-
elected.
J. n. Carnes, director; F. w. Dob
byn, secretary treasurer; VIM. Trask,
vice director.
Miss Hough gave instructions in
clothing work to the women. The next
meeting will be held Saturday, Febru-
AIRY % at the school house. A pro-
gram committee has been appointed as
follows: Mrs. r. J. Batter, Mr.. Plan.
tenberg and J. n. Carnes.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
100000 Fire at Clinton.

Clinton, lowa-Fire DESTROYED the
=. Smith & Sons box factory and
menaced the Northwestern railways
machine shops. the National Oil CON-
pany's storage yards and scores Of
homes in the vicinity. The loss was
estimated at 100000.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
1877, 474,e22 Voted for Vets.

@offyfI%,o6G SOIco TOT VclS.
Washington-The independent Of
fees appropriation bill carrying a to-
tai of $494,3O4,238, most of which is
for use by the veterans bureau, was
passed by the House and sent to the
Senate For the bureau the bill ap-
propriated $377 ,474,622.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Woman Robbed of 5000

Woman Robbed Of $4,000.
New York-Mrs. Max Gitelma cher,
the wife of physician, was robbed
Of 100000 by two bandits who at
tackled her as she was about to enter
her home.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Oklahoma Editor Whinned

Oklahoma Editor whipped.
Drumright, Okla.-R L. Moore, edi-
tor of the Drumright Post, was seized
by band Of six masked men, taken
to a thickly wooded spot few miles
southeast of the city and severely
logged with blacksnake whip, po-
lice said.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Second BUILDING Falls at capita,.

Second Building Falls at Capital.
Observation-Disclosures building, one
Of the long sheds of the freight depot
of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, COL
lapsed, two minutes after eight men
employed in it during the day had
checked out. No one was injured
One of the walls of the building gave
way, due, it is believed, to the effects
of melting snow on the s1oping roof.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Fire DESTROYS Business Block.

Yuma, Colo.-The main business
block of Yuma was wiped out by fire
and three firemen were injured seri.
ously The loss is estimated at ap-
proximately 100000.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

The Vawter Livestock Shipping AS
scciation held it's annual meeting at
Vawter January 81, and reelected the
following officers:
Gust Hodorf-President. y
John Bloom-Vice- president. = :-
E. Farrington-Sec. Treas. ~-'-'
John Dckson-Direetof. 80: sha'
Aug. Isaacson-Director., :+::: u
W. A. Trask-Manager:
The association will INCORPORATE at
an carly: date. s--<t.':'.' ..
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Man Falls 100 Feet; Unhurt.

Caldwell, N. J.-SWept from the top
OF Hook Mountain by gust of wind,
Postmaster Joseph Liebeskind of Pine
brook, near here, dropped nearly 100
feet over a cliff and landed unhurt, in
Is foot snow drift.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Bandits Routed: S35. 600 Saved

New York-Arthur Schaeffer, Gus
todian of Shubert theater receipts,
routed four bandits who held him Up
in front Of the Jolson theater and fed,
leaving $4,000 in the possession Of
their intended victim
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
S-CA|NESE. AGREE
Plan for Return of Shantunq Pro-
''.' vince Finally Settled.
President Harding's Advice on Rail.
way Sale is Used as Basis
for Agreement.

Washington-An agreement on all
the principles involved in the plan
for return of Shantung province to
China was reached by the Japanese
and Chinese arms delegations
After the two groups had been in
conference for nearly seven hours,
wrestling with the final problem of
restoring the Tsing-tae-T sinan-fu
railroad to Chinese control, word
came from the Committee room that
only details OF phraseclogy OF the
proposed treaty remained in the way
of E complete agreement
The basis Of the settlement is I'M
derstood to have been the plan sup
ported by President Harding provid>
ing that China pay for the road in
treasury notes and that Japanese ex-
perts be retained in the operating
personnel during the period of pay
ment.
Japanese Keep Mum.
None Of the Japanese would com
ment on the status of the negotia-
and no one who attended the meet
ing would disclose the exact extent
to which the plan supported by the
good offices" of the President, Sec
rotary Hughes and Arthur j. Balfour
had been approved
I'VE made considerable progress on
the basis suggested by our friends,
Mr.. Balfour and Secretary Hughes ~
DR.. koo said:
Dr. koo said that. the agreement
thus far reached provided for man
aging director who would be Chinese
and that the traffic manager and
chief accountant ''of whatever ma
tionality," would be subordinate to
the managing, director 1t was under.
stood in, conference circles that these
two positions, which were the chief
obstacle to settlement for so many
weeks. would be filled by Japanese
experts.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Former Dry Chief Guilty

Milwaukee-Joseph P. O'Neill for
merly in charge Of the enforcement
OF prohibition in Wisconsin, pleaded
guilty to conspiracy to violate the
Volstead act
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

was scheduled for Upsala on February
II, has been postponed on account Of
the prevalence Of measles in that vi
cinitv.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

In issuing the call for the demo-
cratic state convention, Howard Ever
cit, chairman Of the Democratic State
Central committee, pretty we'll voices
the sentiment of the democrats gener-
ally, many republicans concurring,
when he SAYS. refe rring to the conven.
ton law, it is complex and Infamous
and that "altho framed at tremendous
Inconvenience and expense to the tax
payer for the dual purpose Of defeat
ing~t primary law and protecting the
present republican state machine. let
us, as democrats, comply with it's re-
quiren1ents, determined on its defeat
through the nomination and election
Of candidates for all Offices representa-
tive Of the people,
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

According to STATISTICS given out
from the secretary Of states office,
Morrison county automobile owners
contributed $49,507.63 in registration
taxes for the year 1921. OF the coun-
ties Of the state, Morrison was twenty
fifth in amount paid for registration.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

Montev1deoj surusuay44-sir Ernest
Shackleton, who has borne the British
nag to many remote portions OF the
Southern Polar regions, died January
On his latest expedition into the
Antarctic. Death occurred on board
the 8. s. Quest, the little vessel that
left London last September on a
cruise that was to have taken Shack
Teton on a quest for a '''lost island"
to ''petrified forest" and in search
for ridge on the ocean floor which
is thought to connect Africa and
America.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

Democrats gencxallv will regret the
passing away of Fred E. Wheaton of
Minneapolis, democratic national COM
mitteeman. Mr.. Wheaton gave much
service to his party both in an official
capacity and otherwise, and viii be
greatly missed from the party coun-
ellis. At the time of his death, he
was also supreme keeper of records
and seals Of the Knights Of Pythias,
a position which he had held with
much ability for number of years
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

Upsala Meeting Postponed
The Farm Business school whi<
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03

Mrs. Geo. Pierzina Of Bowlus under
went surgical treatment: at st. Ca
1riel'a hospital "Wednesday.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1922-02-03
Minneapolis Cash Closing Prices

L.
$1.34@1.38; No. northern. 81 5Sh7r
1874; No. 3 northern, $122m1.3D: NO.
durnm, s1.01G1.06 Corn, No. :; vel
low, 42ac; No. 3 mixed, 42'4r ~.
No. 2, 79cmS0c. Oats. No. > w::t.
S3c@34c. Barley. choice to t.c>H
52c@55c. Flaxseed. $221%422-
South St. Paul Live Stock
South St. Publishers. SIG
COWS, $685.; calves, s3.5De5 5o:
hogs. $650@S:S5; sheep and t.e>os
$7@11.
Minneapolis Butter, Eggs and Po.5.ey.
eapolis-BUTTER Special
SAC; extras, 10. $50; firsts, csc, sec:
onds, 22c; packing stock, 15c; storage
extras, &c. -.
EGGS-Country receipts, rots out,
per case, $50; No. l candled. good
cases, free from rots. small, dirty and
rots out, dozen, &C. seconds. small,
dirty and held stock, rots out. leak
ers out. doz., 22c; checks, rots and
leakers out, doZ 19c. Quotations on
eggs include cases.
LIVE POULTRY-Hens, 4 lbs. and
over, zoe; under 4 lbs. 14c; turkeys,
fat, lbs and over, Csc; turkeys,
small, lbs, 15@2Oc; stays, 16c; geese.
fat, 15c; guineas, dozen, IS; ducks,
1Sc; springs, h., zoe; cocks, l4c.:
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1922-04-14
ASSOCIATE INDUSTRIES
State Organization to Hold Annual
Meeting In Montpelier May 49,

State Organization to Hold Annual
Meeting In Montpelier May 10.
The annual meeting Of the Assoc
ated Industries o. Vermont will be
held In Montpelier May 10, according
to a vote Of the directors, who net at
the Pavilion hotel in Montpelier yes
terday afternoon. The meeting will
begin at 2 p m with speeches to be
delivered before the members Of the
corporation. Three speakers have al
ready accepted and one or two 9th.
ers are expected to be present.
Those who have accepted are
James A. Emory, general counsel for
the National Industrial Council OF
Washington, d. c., +, H. Edgerton Of
Nashville, Tenn, president Of the
Tennessee Manu-. acturers associa'
ton, president of the National AS
ISOLATION of Manufacturers and pres.
dent OF the National Industrial Coun.
Gil, and Earl Constantine, executive
secretary OF the National Industrial
Council The meeting will be con
tinued with a banquet at the Pavilion
hotel at s p. m.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1922-04-14
SPRING Has ARRIVED

You greet us Spring
With chilly mitt,
But you are here
We re glad Of it,
You'll warmer grow
AS you advance,
And give the seeds
And bulbs chance.
Soon you will smile
And act real nice;
Then well quit coal
And take in ice.
And we will beat
The parlor rugs
And put in screens
To keep out bugs.
And on some day
Both warm and fair,
Some folk viii don
Light underwear
And catch a cold
And stay home sick
Because Uley made
ihe change too quick.
And close at hand
Are now the days,
When folks a crop
WI try to raise
In backyard plots,
And nail up Stats
TO try and keep
Out dogs and cats.
So welcome Spring,
And thouC.' you're chill
We soon sha | see
The daf.odil.
And yiolets
And other plants,
And pesky flies
And hungry ants.
Tom Jackson in the Brook
Standardization.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Blackfoot-A. Jenkins building con-
tractor has indicated his intention of
attempting to duplicate a trip he and
a companion made last summer, when
they drove to Salt Lake and returned
to Blackfoot in ten and one-half hours.
Owing TO skepticism on the part of an
acquaintance, Mr. Jenkins has offered
TO wager his automobile, valued at
$1,000, that he can again perform the
feat, that Of travelling the 40 miles in
a machine sealed in high gear in the
original time made. The test viii
probably be held Decoration day.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Boise-The weed control work has
very materially increased the quality
'of IdahO-grown seed this past sea,
son, according to the state seed labor
atory tests, says G. B. Allison, field
agronomist and state seed commits.
sioner. Analysis of samples submit
Ted by growers shows that an effort
has been made to eradicate the noxious
weeds from the fields.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Shoshone, Idaho.-The Shoshone
Shrine club and the Ell Korah Shrine
club of Boise have united in issuing an
invitation to all Shrine clubs and Ma
sons from Idaho halls to Payette to
attend their "apIle blossom" picnic
at Hagerman. Indications are that a
thousand or more persons win be
present. The famous FL Korah band
will assist in the entertainment. 1t is
to be an old-fashioned picnic where
everyone takes q lunch.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Expert Kodak developing and print
ing service at Simonds Drug Store.
Full line of supplies always in stock
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01
Pithy News Notes
From All Parts of
IDAHO

Pocatello-Informat from travel.
ers from the west shows that a few
cars have passed over the transcon-
tinental highway over the Blue noun
tains in Oregon, between La Grande
and Pendleton. The road, however,
is In a bad condition, with many mud
holes.
Twin Falls-Resident landholders
of the Murtaugh irrigation district at
an election voted unanimously for is
suance of $3,600,000 worth of the dis
trict's bonds to finance reclamation
of approximately 1900 acres in the
district situated between Hansen and
Murtaugh in the Hansen-Butte district.
Boise.-Agitation for an old age pen
sion bill in the next state legislature
is being organized by the Fraternal Or
der of agles, and the Boise aerie has
appointed a committee to start the
Capitalization of public sentiment in
this section of the state.
Boise.-Forests of the west and of
Idaho particularly, are facing a menace
which in some features is more grave
than that of the dreaded forest fires,
according to District Forester Il. C.
Sheppard, who recently returned from
Il trip of inspection in the Payette
forest and lands owned by the Boise
Payette Lumber company, near Cas-
cade, Idaho. The menace he spoke of
Is the boring beetle which has become
more and more noticeable in the last
year. The insect, once it has attacked
a tree, girdles the trunk under the bars.
and finally kills the tree.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Shoshone.-Miss Lucille Haddock,
Miss Nina Newman, Wilton Fitzpatrick
Charles Jones, James Obey and Mount
Vernicke, under the leadership of
Steve Rhoads, have organized them
selves into home talent orchestra
to be known as the Shoshone Serena
ders.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Lewiston.-The Raymond house,
known to every cattle buyer and
stock dealer in the west as Lewistons
pioneer hotel, is reduced to ashes as
the result of fire
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Blackfoot-Mrs. Fl. b. Daniels, q
member of Stewart Hoover post, Amer
lean Legion, has returned to Blackfoo
from San Francisco and will go to heI
homestead entry in the Bone district
as soon as the deep snow there will
permit. Mrs. Daniels served in France
with the A. f. r. in the signal service
Burley-Elma Richardson was so
verely injured while cranking trae.
tor motor. The crank flew off, strik.
ing him in the head, and cutting him
so severely that his removal to the
hospital was necessitated.
Twin Falls-ThiS City will have a
great many of its defective pavement
repaired this summer.
Twin Falls-State convention of
Knights of Columbus was held here
last Saturday.
catelo.-Idaho sportsmen will
form a statewide organization to fur
Their protection of game
Blackfoot.-A health crusade is plan
ned for the near future Mrs. Catha-
rine Athey held a meeting to help
increase interest in health
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1922-06-01

Idaho Falls.-Bird Harris, IS years
of age, escaped from the industrial
school at ST. Anthony clad only in
his paiamas, and, after stealing
some clothing, blankets and bicycle
made his way to Rigby, forty miles
distant where he attempted to hold
up a pedestrian, but, failing in this
took car belonging to the Utah Pow
er & Light company and made his
escape
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-07-25
f1che@Wall FIoWer1
VaV BY Marion Rubincam NJ S@@

formation, dates of marriages and
births, now and then paragraph OF
some thing she had done.
Once, when she was II, Dora had
printed in letters at the beginning OF
the blank pages: Thoughts on Lone
illness" Later, as she grew older and
read more, she changed this to THE
Philosophy of Loneliness" rubbing out
the first crude letters. The things she
first wrote were, of course, ridiculous
yet infinitely pathetic as the attempt
of child to express itself.
This night she began:
Il have missed another chance.
am no good at anything at all, am
convinced of that. l have not wha'
novelists call personality. This eve
ming l might have made NJ. n. like me
enough for him to want to come again
but | sat tongue-tied while G.. was
nice to j. and rude to him. am al
ways missing chances. Some day they
will cease to come"
Tomorrow-"A Little Girl"
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-07-25
Heart Problems

Dear Mrs. Thompson: We are two
girls in the same town and both love
the same boy in another town. He
comes here almost every night. This
boy says he loves me and he told
his cousin he loves me, but | believe
he loves the other girl more. He goes
with her too. Last night he came to
town and the other girl and ! met him
down town He spoke to her and
they talked a little while, but he did
not say one word TO me. He did not
even speak to me, but he kept watch
ing me all the evening. 1t hurt me SO
badly that l went home and cried
He asked me for a date Sunday eve
ming. Should l accept it? l want
him to know how badly he hurt my
feelings. Tell me what | should tell
him. ANXIOUS
Probably your girl friend was more
talkative than you when you and she
met the boy. so naturally he paid her
more attention. Perhaps you felt hurt
before you had reason to, and he in
terpreted your mood as sullenness or
your part and so he did not talk &c
YOU.
If you want to see him Sunday
night, let him come. but do not ever
refer to the other night. In the future
do your part to be pleasant, and
think he will respond.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-07-25
Ladies and Children S Dept.

All Childrens CSC School Hose, fine or heavy
ribbed, black, brown white; buy now for
school time; Dollar Day c. On
Wash Satin Brassieres. regular price FAo
soc; Dollar Day, for .............-. ~
All $3.50 and $1.35 Silk Hose, all oT on
colors included; Dollar Day ....... OleOU
Ladies soc Lisle Hose CT M
Dollar Day, pairs ............... O1sOO
Childrens Csc plain or colored top c. on
Sox Dollar Day, pairs ........... - 1sUO
Ladies' Lace Knee soc Union Suits, CT nn
Dollar Day 8 for Observation-Disclosures. ID lsOU
Our special sc Union Suit for Ladies, made
in all styles; Dollar Day, CT 90
: lot X ASSNO
Sizes A and As Shaped Vests, regu- c. no
lar soc plumber; Dollar Day, for OlsUU
Ladies Boomers and Stepins, soc CT nA
grade; Dollar Day, 39c-3 for. OLsUU
Special sale of Elastic Top and Medium 10
Bust Corsets; Dollar Day ......-...... ~
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-07-25

Are Your Floors Ready
For Hot Weather?

This is the time of year when floor
coverings should be taken up. Nothing
will give your rooms a cooler and
more inviting appearance than having
the floors bare during the hot weather.
Perhaps your floors need refinlsh-
ing. Do you realize that you can do
this work yourself by following few
simple instructions?
Experts of the Federal Government
have made a thorough study OF the
subject of suitable floors and floor
finishings The results of their in
vestigations are embodied in 26-page
booklet of great value to home build
ers and housekeepers.
This is a free Government publica'
ton. Our Washington Information
Bureau will secure copy for any OF
our readers who fills out and mails
the coupon below, enclosing two cents
in stamps for return postage. Be
sure to write your name and address
clearly.
iadium Mail It direct to Washington.
D. CO
........
+: Washington, D. c. /:
| {: Frederic j. Haskin, Director, !:
/: The Richmond Palladium !:
+: Information Bureau. !.
enclose herewith two cents ::
in stamps for return postage on |:
/ a free copy of the booklet !:
! Floors and Floor Coverings. !.
! Name
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-07-25
|lIlLlMNIIIIIIIIII

my friends. Mrs. A. H. GARLAND, 2l8
E. Brown St., Iron Mountain, Michigan.
Xenia, Ohio. Every month / had
such pains in my back and lower part of
my abdomen that could not lie quietly
in bed. / suffered for about five years
that way and was notregular either. l
read an advertisement of what Lydia E.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compound had
done for other women, so decided to try
it. 1t surely has helped me lot, as l
have no pains now and am regular and
feeling fine. Mrs. MARY DALE, Route
z, Xenia, Ohio.
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com
pound is a medicine for women's all
ments. Itisespecially adapted to relieve
women. If you suffer as did Mrs. Gar
land or Mrs. Dale, you should give this
well-known medicine thorough trial.