davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
GUARD AGAINST DISEASE
CALLED "DAMPING OFF,"

"Damping off" is the common name
for a fungOus disease which is no re-
spector of plants. 1t attacks the seed
lings at the surface of the soil and
causes them to wilt. fall. and de, being
particularly troublesome in rich earth.
This is due to the fact that fungi caus-
ing the rot live best on manure and
decaying vegetable matter generally.
Almost any vegetable is subject to at
tacks from this disease.
Prevention, as usual, is the most ef-
fective means Of control. Here are a
few of the precautions:
Remove and destroy diseased plants
and soil in which they are grown.
Avoid excess of water.
SteriliZe the soil (by using steam or
formaldehy,le.
Hot sand or weak solution Of Bor-
deauX mixture applied to the diseased
area will often kill the disease organ
isms. Care must be taken, however,
not to kill the plants.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
PIGS, LIKE SOME FOLKS,
ARE TEMPERAM MENTAL

None of the Pigs of nursery rhymes
had more definite personalities or
amusing adventures than the pigs of
the North Dakota Agricultural col.
lege and no high salaried moving pic.
ture stars ever had more "tempera.
mental" disposition than the mothers
of these pigs, according to a bulletin
which j. H. Shepherd, in charge Of
animal husbandry at the college, has
recently written.
Professor Shepherds bulletin, while
it is crammed with valuable informa.
ton for the farmer who raises pigs,
gets away from the usual dry bulletin
style and is tod throughout in an EN-.
tertaining story form.
Different Dispositions.
"Some of the swine are good-natur.
ed, others are malcontents; some are
sissies and some are born thieves"
Mr.. Shepperd says. His treasury Of
hog lore is drawn from observation
and from the sage remarks Of daddy"
D. ]. Geiken, herdsman at the college,
who is quoted frequently throughout
the bulletin.
Here are some of the things which
Messrs. Shepperd and Geiken have
found out about swine.
"Thump Their Ears"
If pigs get into quarrel or other
wise misbehave, thump their ears. It
does not hurt them, but they do not
like 1t and it makes them behave.
Humor the brood sow. Unnecessary
noise, being moved from one place to
another, in fact any disturbance of
any kind tends to stop the flow Of
milk and cut it off altogether. This
! means stunted pigs. Mr.. Shepperd
says that Mr.. Geiken is so strict about
this point that he has to put on his
"pig barn manners" whenever he ven-
lures in to look the swine over.
| Pigs should not be weaned too sud.
denly. This may be prevented by ar
ranging small bed for the mother
and another for the pigs so that they
will not sleep with her. "They wake
up just the same" says Mr.. Shepperd
"but the mother is not right there so
handy" Thus they get over the habit
of having midnight lunch. Meanwhile
the mother is fed as much alfalfa hay
as she will cat and in four or five days
the weaving is accomplished.
Don't make a sudden move that will
frighten a bunch of feeding hogs as
they will run off pounds of fat before
they quiet down again.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
ABNORMAL. TASTES IN MILK
There Are Several Factors That I'm.
part Peculiar Flavor Besides
Grazing Crops.

There are number of plants which
when eaten by the dairy COW, will
transmit an unusual taste to her milk.
Some of them are fed to her inju.
diciously by the dalrymen, and others
are eaten by the animal while graz.
ing. Plants known to possess such
properties are beet and turnip tops
when fed in large quantities; exces.
sive feeding of chopped roots; garlic,
rape, lupines orchids, kale, rutabagas,
chicory, sorrel and pasturage on areas
which have been inundated.
There are many other factors some.
times responsible for peculiar taste
in milk, such as improper steriliza.
tion of utensils, spoiled foods, brew.
ers' grains, potato slops, fish meal,
rape cake, f1aXseed meal, poor straw,
and, occasionally, medicinal agents
administered to the animal.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22

mended, by experimental evidence
gathered by the department in the
last few years shows that, with the
exception of q few rare varieties the
seed of which sells for a high price,
this method is seldom practical. Where
.he rainfall is not sufficient to .;row
alfalfa in broadcast stands 1t cannot
usually be grown profitably in rows.
A slightly larger yield may be pro-
,duced, but not enough to pay for the
added expense. Also. the hay harvested
on this cultivated ground is apt to be
dirty and it Is hard to cut and load.
Value Of Cultivation.
Accumulating- experience also has
exploded some old notions about the
value of cultivation Of broadcast
stands. It has been found that har-
rowing a field of alfalfa ordinarily
does not increase the yield; neither
does it prolong the life Of the stand to
any noticeable extent. The modified
.spring-tooth harrow does not injure
the plants, but the disk often kills
many and reduces the stand. some
sort of cultivation appears advisable
in irrigated regions where the water
carries a great deal Of silt or where
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
CUT ALFALFA At
CORRECT PERIOD
Best Plan 10 Delay Harvesting
Until the Plants Are Nearly
in Full Bloom.
life OF STAND LENGTHENED
Recommended That Crop Be Given
Time to Reach Height Of 6 to 8
Inches Before Cold Weather
Shuts Off the Sap Flow.

aPrepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Delaying the cutting Of alfalfa until
At is nearly In full bloom has been
found better practice than moving
1t soon after blooming starts. Trials
made by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture and state expert
'ment stations indicate that the yields
are larger over a period of years, and
that the life of the stand Is prolonged
by delaying harvesting until the plants
are nearly in full bloom.
Hay made when the plants are
nearly in full bloom possibly is not
quite SO palatable, but this is offset by
the gain in quantity Of hay. The fields
that We're cut prior to or at the be-
ginning Of blooming showed ten
dency to die out sooner. Cutting a
crop late in the fall so that not enough
glowth was left for protection in the
winter also had much to do with thin
ming. stands. The department recon-
mends that alfalfa be given time to
reach height of six to eight inches
before cold weather shuts off the sap
dow.
6roadcastinq Best Plan.
In the past the growing Of alfalfa
&c rows in dry regions has been recon-
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
Test for Canning Rubbers.

Old or poor canning rubbers can be
detected, according to the specialists
at the A. c.. and some fruit and vege-
tables thus saved from spoiling by two
simple tests. Poor rubbers spoil more
canned stuff than any other one cause,
they say.
A good can rubber. returns it it's
original shape after it has been
stretched out by pulling like a rubber
band. Neither will good live rubbers
crack when they are folded double into
the shape Of half circle.
Don't use any rubbers that won't
withstand these tests for your fruits
and vegetables if you expect them to
keep WE'LL is the advice of the college
specialists.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
INA -In0NZT
|||( THT NY
lUENQRll
COOPERATIVE BULL SOCIETY
Saunders County. Nebraska, Winner
Of Offer by Breeder Of Pure
bred Cattle.

prepared by the United States Department
OF Agriculture.)
The bull offered by breeder Of
purebred cattle near Lincoln to the
first cooperative bull association to
be organized in Nebraska was won by
Saunders county, where an associa-
tion has been formed, through the eff
forts of the county agent and state
dairy extension specialist, assisted by
a field man of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture.
AS in other associations Of this
character. the members will be ar
ranged in several groups or blocks.
those in each block having about the
same total number of cows and all
using the same bull This association
has five blocks to start with, and as
iEany more are planned. The separate
blocks do not own the bulls, but the
animals are joint property Of the as
sociation, and every two years they
are shifted from one block to another.
1t is planned to have novel fea.
ture in this association. The blocks
will be arranged In two or more cir.
cults, each circuit made up Of three or
more blocks, and paying for the bulls
it uses and owning them; the biennial
exchange of bulls will also be con-
fined to the circuit; but there will be
one set of officers and board of dlrec-
tors for the whole association, the Sec
retary-treasurer keeping record Of the
receipts and obligations of each cir
cult. The circuit system seems to
combine the advantages Of small asso.
Citations and large association all In
one.
When the Saunders County Bull as.
sociation is ready for business, it will
be given the prize bull. The associa.
ton will have to pay for it's other
bulls, but 1t can well afford to do so,
for this method Of cooperation has
been found highly profitable in many
other parts Of the country. Its advan.
tages are: (1) Providing high-class
bulls at low expense, and thus prov.
Ing the character Of the dairy herds; {;
/. (2) keeping proved bulls in service
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
SLASH PINE YIELDS
CASH while GROWING
Profit Of 6. to IL Per Cent Inter-
est Has Been Made.
Trees Grow Rapidly and Lumber
Market is Fast Taking Material
Of Smaller Size and Poorer
Grades-BuiIetin Free.

prepared BY the United States Department
OF Agriculture.)
Slash pine grows rapidly and yields
revenue In turpentine gum at an early
age while 1t is growing into timber.
says the United States Department of
Agriculture in Farmers Bulletin 1856,
Slash Pine, prepared by Wilbur R.
Mattoon. forest examiner, and now
ready for distribution. Well-stocked
stands Of young growth, after making
liberal deductions for the cost of
taxes and fire-protection during the
period of growth, show profits Of 6
to u per cent compound interest on
an investment of IS an acre.
A large number of owners in the
South are deriving good profits from
low-priced lands by using them for
the production Of timber and grazing
of stock. If fire is excluded, the range
yields more of the tender annual
grasses and legumes which are more
nutritious than the hardy perennials
like wire and broom-sedge grasses, and
the influence of the protective soil
cover stimulates tree growth to a
marked degree.
If the timber in the forest pasture
becomes too dense, the owner has an
easy remedy by first working the
larger trees for turpentine and then
cutting them for lumber. ties, posts,
pulpwood, or firewood. Open stands
of slash pine, with Is to $50 trees an
acre measuring up to ten inches on
the stump, induce . rapid growth Of
the individual tree and admit good
growth of grass. In such stands more
turpentine to the tree is secured than
in overcrowded ones, and the grazing
Of live stock can be carried on suc-
cessfully.
Second-growth slash pine stands.
twenty to forty years old, frequently
contain from so to 100 trees to the
acre. At 20 cents cup, less than
the price received in 1910 for turpen.
tine rights on the Florida national
forest, such stands would be worth
for turpentine $50 to $25, and with
pine stumpage at IS thousand the
timber would be worth $25 to $50, or
an average money return Of from $1.50
to 50 an acre yearly. Observations
and experience in such older sections
of the country as New England indl-
cate that good financial returns may
be derived in relatively short periods
from second-growth forests If ham
died under proper system Of protec-
ton, turpentining, and cutting, the
bulletin points out.
Because slash pine grows rapidly
and the lumber market Is fast taking
material of smaller size and poorer
grades, the day is approaching when
good stumpage prices can be obtained
for young and secondgr0wth timber.
Copies of the bulletin may be had
free upon application to the United
States Department of Agriculture.
Washington, D. G.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
Minneapolis Butter, Eggs and Poultry

Minneapolis Butter, Eggs and Poultry.
BUTTER-Extras, 34c; firsts. 3Oc;
seconds, Csc; packing stock, fresh,
sweet. 23c; state goods, &c; grease, 1c.
EGGS-Country receipts, rots out,
per case, $500; No. 1 candled, good
extras. free from rots, small dirties
and checks out. per dozen, 23c: small,
dirty and held stock, rots and leakers
out, dozen, 16c: quotations on eggs in.
clude cases.
LIVE POULTRY-Not advisable to
ship turkeys under pounds in weight.
Hens, pounds and over zoe; hens.
under pounds, 1Sc; cripples and culls
unstable; ducks, fat, 15c; geese. fat,
1Oc; turkeys. fat. over pounds, Csc:
turkeys. thin and small, 10000: Grip.
pies and culls unstable, guineas, per
dozen, $500: roosters. 12c; broilers,
lh lbs. and up. per pound. 30c; Leg.
horns and small. brolleys-, - e:: :.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22

the soil has been compacted by the
tramping of cattle pasturedr on the
alfalfa. The department believes there
Is usually little to be gained by culti-
waiting broadcast fields when the stand
is good. If weeds and grass work in
and reduce the stand it, is better to
plow up the field and put In another
crop for year or two. 1t Is hard to
thicken thin stand by cultivating 1t
and sowing more seed; in fact, 1t is a
waste of time, the department be-
lieves.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
Look Out for Lettuce Drop.

One of the mishaps that can befall
lettuce is lettuce drop or rot, disease
which affects the plant so that the
lower leaves look as if they had been
scahied and later fall off. This disease
is very infectious and should be check
ed Immediately. AS soon as the dis
ease is detected, pull and burn or bury
the infected plant. When an outbreak
occurs in a large bed, it is well to prac-
tice crop rotation and sterilize the soil
against future outbreaks. Other vege-
tables subject to the diseases are
celery, cucumbers and radishes.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
HAUL LIMESTONE IN SUMMER
Good Results May Be Obtained From
Its Application at Any Time
of the Year.

It Is best to haul limestone during
the summer season when crop work Is
not pressing, but the work may be done
at any season with the equally good
results from its application at any
time during the year. 1t may be piled
in the field to be distributed later with
end gate seeder or manure spreader :
but it will be necessary to use it In
connection with manure If the spreader
Ia used.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
CARING FOR. SPRING CALVES
Necessary That Youngsters Be Kept
Thrifty and Free From Disease
and Sickness.

The good dairy calves born this
spring are needed as milk cows two
years from now, so the dairymau
should do his part by giving these ami
mails chance to live and develop
Spring calves are usually harder to
raise than fall calves, and since the
dalryman has less time usually during
this busy season to care for the calves
1t is very necessary that the attention
given be that most needed to keer
them thrifty and free from disease and
sickness
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22

early summer and cultivated at ten
serve moisture. Objections TO this
method are that the land oes not
yield returns during the season pre-
ceding seeding, that it requires adj
ditional labor, and that grasshoppers
frequently damage the alfalfa con-
siderably on small acreages. However.
general experience In Iowa justifes
the method above suggested as 1t pro.
duces the best fields of alfalfa.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
DAIRY FUTURE DEPENDS
UPON BOYS and GIRLS

Boys and girls Of North Dakota are
determined to put the dairy industry
into practical and scientific operation
through the boys and girls club acti
vities Of the state, according to Fl. L.
Killing, their state leader. North Da-
kota's dairy Judging team won first
place over 16 competing teams at the
dairy show at st. Paul Inst fall, and
plans are under way to continue pro-
gress In club dairy projects this year.
Facilities for handling, care, and
management of the stock and the SYM
pathy of the parents are requirements
that the county club leaders develop
before they recommend the placing Of
the dairy stock among the young folks.
Unless these factors are present with
the boy or girl the project is doomed
to failure say club leaders, and will
demonstrate the failure OF the dairy in
dustry instead of its success.
Success in the dairy work is depend
ent upon knowledge of the care Of
dairy cattle, says Mr.. Killing. Many
grain farmers fail to realize that q COW
bred for high production will not give
! good results without proper care and
when they purchase such valuable ami
good care and management. The young
dairymen learn the art of caring for
the animals easier than their parents.
Successful demonstration by the boys
and girls serve as most effective
demonstration to the fathers and the
knowledge and skill is encouraged
among older dairymen through the
activities of the boys and girls.
Dairy project work among the boys
and girls in this state is yet very young
but there are at the present time more
than 100 projects in operation in seven
counties. Club members will be repre-
sented this year with a Judging and
demonstration team for the dairy
show.
There are three classes of dairy pro.
! jects in practice in North Dakota. The
( first is known as the heifer calf project
and this is the class of the beginners
The following year the heifer calf
grows and they have what is known as
the heifer class Of project. Later the
/ same animal develops into the COW and
: calf project. This plan allows for a
three or four year progressive project
and the three class plan tends to avoid
unequal competition due to difference
] In age.
George Eckert, age 13, Of Foxholm
N. D., is one of the successful dairy
club members Of the state In his re-
port of his trip to the national dairy
| show, which he won as an award from
the American Guernsey cattle club fo1
his dairy project work, he says, "Nat
urally, l was interested in studying
what I consider the best breed OF
cattle-the dairy breeds and especially
the Guernseys. 1t was interesting tc
see Americas best Guernsey cattle
competing for prizes and especially in
teresting when Major Il. S. Persons
bull of AIinOt, took second prize
Another great feature Of the show was
when the North Dakota judging team
was given first prize"
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
LIME INFLUENCE is LASTING
aNhere Applied in Liberal Quantities
Soil Shows Beneficial Effects
for Years.

1t has been observed that where
aime has been applied in fairly liberal
quantities to soil, the soil shows the
beneficial effects for number Of
years afterward. In longtime tests
made by the Ohio experiment station
the crop yields during the last six
years of a 13-year period were much
larger than during the first seven
years.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
Only Purebred Bulls Should Be at the
Head Of Any Herd.

for many years; and (3) making finan.
cial interest and public sentiment com.
bine to sweep community entirely
clean of inferior sires.
The United States Department Of
Agriculture has given good deal Of
effort to the Introduction Of cO-Opera.
tive bull associations, and stands
ready to supply information thereon
to anyone desiring 1t.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
More Lime Would Help Glover.

Glover which doesn't come we'll is in
most cases hindered by lack of lime.
Also several other causes are cited.
among which are winter-killing Of
southern grown seed, inadequate drain
age, and too heavy seeding Of the
nurse crop.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
GETTING STAND OF ALFALFA
lvxa Farmers Secure Best Fields by
Seeding During August and
Without Nurse Crop.

Experience of many Iowa farmers
md of the Iowa agricultural expert
ment station is that the surest method
o: getting stand of alfalfa is to seed
during August without nurse crop
on land which has been pl0wed u
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
Minneapolis Closing Cash Prices.

S Spring Wheat-No. 1 dark ror-
thern $1.39@1.5O; No. northern S1.3S
@1.45; No. 2 northern, $1.34@1.40;
No. dark hard s1.34@1.39; No.
hard $1.260131; durum No. 1 amber
$1.17@122.
Corn-No. 2 yellow, 54@541sc. Oats
No. 2 white, 321z @33kc. Barley
Choice to fancy, 54@57c. Rye-No. 2,
S2@S3c. Flaxseed-No. 1, $2.30@2.32
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
Concentrates for Cow

During the period Of lactation the
COW should depend upon the amount Of
milk and butterfat which she is CIV
ing.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22

Asparagus canned fresh from the
garden brings the garden to the table
all the year round.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
South St. Paul Live Stock.

So. st. Publishers, $4.00@S.00;
veal calves. s3.25@S.o0; COWS and heif-
ers, s4.00@6.oO; hogs. $7.75@10.5O;
sheep and lambs, $1.O0@11.0O.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22

Successive paintings of corn in tn.
garden every 10 days keep the juic.$
ears on the table most Of the summer.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22

One secret of success in canning is
to use the best Of can rubbers and
those only once.
The Hope pioneer., 1922-06-22
Crinkled crepe bedspreads arc be

coming popular for summer use; they
remarkably easily.
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1922-04-14

1OLat 81, o6U, OO9 %
Greatest amount in any one
risk NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 230, 10000
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1922-04-14

State Of Indiana, Office Of Commissioner
of Insurance.
I, the undersigned, commissioner Of in
surance of Indiana, hereby certify that
the above is a correct copy of the state
ment of the condition of the above men
toned company on the 31st day of De-
cember, 1921, as shown by the original
statement, and that the said original
statement is now on file in this office.
In testimony whereof. l hereunto sub
scribe my name and at6x my
(SEALA) official seal this LIST day OF
April, 1922.
T 6 McMURRAY, JR,
Commissioner.
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1922-04-14
DARKEN
YOUR GRAY HAIR
Use Grandma Sage Tea and
Sulphur Recipe and Nobody
will Know.

The use Of Sage and sulphur for re-
storing faded, gray hair to its natural
color. dates back TO grandmOther's time.
She used it to keep her hair beautifully
dark, glossy and attractive. Whenever
her hair took on that dun. faded or
Streaked appearance, this simple mixture
was applied with wonderful effect.
But brewing at home is mussy and
out of date. Nowadays. by asking at any
drug store for a bottle Of ''Wyeth's Sage
and Sulphur Compound" you will get
this famous old preparation, improved
by the addition Of other ingredients,
which can be depended upon TO restore
natural color and beauty to the hair.
4 well-known downtown druggist SAYS
it darkens the hair so naturally and
evenly that nobody can tell it has Leen
applied. You simply dampen a sponge
or soft brush with it and draw this
through your hair. taking one strand at
a time BY morning the gray hair dis
appears, and after another application or
two, 1t becomes beautifully dark and
ssy-Advertisement.
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1922-04-14
S165,OOO MORE
GIVEN TO RILEY
HOSPITAL FUND
List of Persons Who Have
Contributed to New
institution.

Gifts totaling S165.OOO for the Riley
Memorial Chndren's Hospital were an
nounced today by L. C. Huesmann. chair
man Of the finance committee. This is in
addition to the S125,OOO appropriated by
the last Legislature. An active campaign
viii be conducted for 100000 for the
first unit of the hospital
Following are the subscriptions an
nounced. Arthur c. Newly. $4,000;
Fred c Dickson, 5000; Arthur V.
Brown, 5000; L. c. Huesmann, 5000;
Hugh Mex Landon. $4,000: Mrs. Hugh
Mex. Landon, $4,000; Frederick Ayres.
$500; viii II. Thompson, $1,000; Louis
HOHweG. 5000; W. II. II. Miller, 5000;
w c. BObbs, 5000; Ball Bros, $4,000 /;
Carl Fisher, $1,000; Samuel D. Miller,
5000; school children. $3.50
Organizations which have Endorsed the
Riley hospital movement and have de
ciared it to be their most important char
ity are che Rotary Clubs of Indiana, TTi
Kappa Sorority. Federation of Women's
Clubs and the KIwanis Clubs OF Indiana.