davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1922-12-16
BANDITS GET PAYROLL
Kill Boston Man Carrying Money t
Paw EoyS

Kill Boston Man Carrying Money
Pay Eoys.
Boston. Dec. l6.-tieorge y. Willis.
superintendent of messenger boys fo:
the Boston News Bureau. was shot ans!
killed by two bandits who robbed hil!
of the boys pay Toll. The holdult
occurred in the basement of the plant.
The bandits escaped.
Willis, IL miGdle-aged man, had Oh
Eained the payroll from the cashier of
the company in another part of the
building and was shot down as he
stepped through a door leading to the
boys room.
Police sdid descriptions of the ban,
dts Tailed closely with those Of the
min who robbed Frank Barney. IL ban;
messenger. of 5000. The plant of ths
News Bureau is located rear the haar'
~ tho firanri:~l .I;-+,'.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1922-12-16
MISCELLANEOUS

The season Is now opened Tor EoIa
ish and canary birds-a complete unc
at Jones & Hurleys,146 Race street
Cambridge SlzA-otn1
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1922-12-16

Community plate and Rogers 1877
table ware. Herbert Hearn HOW
aluminium and Savory Roasters
for your Xmas turkey. Heroeft
Hearn Hdw.-Adv
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
For IolNT REPRESENTATIVE.

| hereby announce my candidacy
on the Republican ticket for Joint
Representative Of the District OF Nor
row and Umatilla Counties in the
May primaries. have lived in Una
tilla county "a years and own prop
erty in both counties. was men,
Der of the 1919, or War Sesson, and
the SPECIAL session of 1920 of the Ore
gon Legislature and otherwise have
devoted much time to public matters
| have no platform, except to offer
the best judgment | have and to pur-
sue a conservative and economic
course. | believe in applying strict
business methods to public matters.
When we can pay for public develop
ment we should have betterments,
but when taxes grow burdensome we
must be content with the old ways un.
til we can do better. Just now taxes
must be trimmed wherever possible
and no new appropriations made
and the pressing need of the farmer
and stocknan must be the main issue
in law making and in the sphere ol
public influence.
E. P, DoDD, Hermiston, Ore.
Paid Advertisement.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
NOTICE OF BOND SALE.

Notice Is hereby given that sealed
bids will be received by the undersign-
ed until the hour of 1880 o'clock p. m. on
the 5th day of June, 1922, and immedi-
ately thereafter publicly opened by the
City Council at the Council Chambers
in the City of Heppner, Oregon, for
the purchase Of City Of Heppner Cen
eral Obligation Funding Bonds in the
sum of Fifteen Thousand Dollars
(s15. .O0O), said bonds to be in denomina-
tions Of One Thousand Dollars G1,OOO
each, dated May 1st, 1922, and to be-
come due May 1st, 1912 to bear interest
at the rate Of six per cent (6To) per an
mum payable semi i-annually on the first
DAYS of May and November in each
year principal and interest payable at
the Fiscal Agency of the State OF Ore
gon in New York City, which said bonds
are TO be issued and disposed Of under
the provisions of the City Charter. All
bids must be unconditional and accom-
panied by certified cheque of s5OO,Oo.
The approving legal opinion Of Messrs'
Teal. Minor & Winfree will be furnish
ed the successful bidder.
The Council reserves the right to re-
iect any and all bids.
l.. L. GILLIAN, Recorder.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
Engagement Is Announced.

The engagement announcement Of
Miss Helen Clark and Harold E.
Brock was made at a tea given in
Miss Clark's honor, yesterday after
noon, by Mrs, David Hill, at her
home in the Matlock apartments.
Pink sweet peas were used in decor
ating the rooms and the tea table.
Mrs. W. E. Brock, Mrs, James Johns
sr., Mrs. Samuel Sturgis and Mrs.
John Montgomery presided at the eta
table. Assisting in serving we're Mrs.
H. S. Mckenzie, Mrs. G. E. Holt,
Mrs. Fred Brown, Mrs. L. NJ. Spald-
ing, Miss Essie Fitzmaurice and Miss
Gladys Hamley. Little Mary Bond
pened the door for the guests.--Pen-
dleton Tribune,
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

daughter Mildred of Busy Bee ranch
spent Sunday with friends at Board
man.
Harold Ahalt, government trapper
escorted Miss Eleanor Furney to see
the sights of the Egg City on Sunday
Geo. w. Wilson left his home town
behind him on Sunday when he
boarded the local for Heppner.
Mr.. and Mrs. Geo. Miller Of High.
veiw were calling on their Morgan
friends on Sunday.
Mrs. E. A. Fanshiers and Miss Hau
from Four Mile were visitors in Cecil
on Saturday,
T. W. May of Lone Star ranch was
a busy man in Cecil on Sunday.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
MORROW CANDIDATES
CITED BY OREGON VOTER

The last issue of Oregon Voter
makes mention of two of Morrow
counV's legislative candidates as fol
lows:
The Lewis and Clark fair brought
DR.. ]. Perry Conder, of Heppner, to
Oregon. He is a candidate for rep
.resentative from the 22nd district
A practicing physician and extensive
wheat grower, he has been teacher
lecturer, manager of railroad con-
Struction, and Y. NJ. c. A. worker
DR.. Conder was born in Illinois in
1875, attended school in Missouri anl
finished his education at theological
institution in West Virginia. He is
a man of high standing and fine per
sonality, and ought to make valu
able legislator.
Starting as a mere banker, grad
uating as cranberry merchant, now
he is a successful wheat farmer neal
Heppner, and secretary and treaSur
er of Morrow County Farm Bureau
We refer to {. NJ. Hulden, candidate
for representative from the Morrow
Umatilla joint district. Born in Col
orado, Mr.. Hulden moved to Salem
when seven years old, He graduated
from business college, then worked
in Salem and Portland banks, attain
! ing the position of assistant cashier
and director in the Commerce TruS
and Savings Bank of Portland. HI
left the banks cage to become inter
ested in the cranberry industry a
Seaview and lllwaco, Washington, be
coming managing director of the Col
umbia River Cranberry Growers As
Sociation and director Of the Pacif
Cranberry Growers Exchange"
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
Millions of Dead Letters.

Almost 20,0OO,O00 unbelievable
letters go to the Dead Letter Office
annually, and are there opened to as
certain the name of the senders. II
you had just remembered to put your
return address in the upper left hand
corner of the envelope mot on back
of envelope), you could have felt
sure of its prompt return to you with
out sending it to the Dead Letter Of
fee. 1t costs 8 cents to get dead
letter returned. Do you see the ad-
vantage to you of return address
on the envelope?
Parcel post packages will not be
accepted without return address on
them,
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
CECIL ITEMS Of INTEREST

Mr.. and Mrs. Oral Henriksen and
daughter, Miss Anna Josephine, who
have been on their Hamilton ranch
above Heppner for several months,
returned to Willow Creek ranch on
Saturday. Oral has decided to To-
cate here for good. He now declares
there is no place so good as Sunny
Cecil after all.
1t was a good thing for Herb Hynd
and his load of young ladies that
Constable John was on hand when
his car stuck in sand bank in Eight
Mile on Sunday afternoon, or Miss
Keita Neel would never have reached
her school by opening time on Mon
day.
w. Corson left The Shepherds
Rest on Monday with band of ewes
and lambs belonging to Minor and
Thompson. They were bound for the
R. A. Thompson ranch near Heppner.
David Hynd of Sand Hollow, who
has been visiting the Mayor for
several days, left for home on Wed.
nesday accompanied by his sister
Mrs. T. H. Lowe of Cecil.
R. A. Thompson, accompanied by
Miss Reita Neel of Heppner, were
Cecil guests on Sunday. R. A. was
winding up the last of his ewes ant
lambs feeding at Cecil,
Mr., and Mrs. Roy Slender of Sci
domseen, also Arthur Turner oI
Dotheboys Hill and several other
friends were taking in the sights oI
Boardman on Sunday.
Geo. Haynes, who has been look
ing after a band Of ewes and lamb:
belonging to Minor and O'Conner a
Cecil left on Monday with his banC
for Heppner.
J. W. Osborn was a passenger or
the flier for Heppner on Monday
where he will spend some time or
business matters before returnin!
home.
Ray Halferty of Shady Dell, ac
companied by Miss Grace Palmateer
teacher of Four Mile school, spen
Sunday with friends near lone,
Mrs. Karl Farnsworth and children
and Miss Edith Swick of Rhea Siding
autoed to lone on Sunday and visite'
with friends for the day.
Mrs. Jack Hynd arrived at he
, home at Butterfly Flats after spend
ing a few hours at the county sea
on Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. R. E, Duncan an
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

ty Oregon. to-wit. one brown mule
with bay points coming Q years old
branded with irregular brand on left
shoulder. brand resembles a figure 7
with two points to right OF stem near
what seems TO be a reversed figure s,
followed by a four pointed blotch.
That I will on Friday the 2sth day
Of April. 1922, at the hour OF 2 o'clock
in the afternoon Of said day, at my
ranch eight miles southeast Of Hepp-
ner. Oregon In said County OF Morrow.
unless the said animal shall have been
redeemed. sell for cash in hand to the
highest bidder, said animal, for the
purpose Of paying costs Of taking up,
holding and selling Of said animal, to-
gether with reasonable damages for
the injury caused by running at large
on said premises.
FRANK J. HOLBOKE.
Dated and published the first time
this 18th day Of April. 1922. St
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

U. S LAND OFFICE at La Grande
Oregon April 2S. 1922
NOTICE is hereby given that James
w. Wheeler, Of Heppner. Oregon, who,
on June IA, 1918. made Homestead En-
try No. O1sS04, for sh. Section IA. and
on November 26, 1921, made Additional
Homestead Entry, No. O1s797, for M,
Section IL all in Township l South
Range q East, Willamette Meridian, has
filed notice of intention to make Final
three-year Proof, to establish claim to
the land above described, before United
States Commissioner. at Heppner, Ore
gon on the goth day of June. 1922.
Claimant names as witnesses: W. e.
Wiglesworth, F. K. Payne and E. O..
Neill of Echo. Oregon; J. G. Barratt. Of
Heppner, Oregon.
CARL G. HELM, Register.
m4-5t.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

Notice is hereby given that the un-
dersigned has been appointed adminis-
traitor of the estate of Arthur Kilcup
deceased, and has qualified as such. All
persons having claims against said es-
state must present them to me properly
verified, at the Office OF Woodson and
sweek. my attorneys, in Heppner, Ore
gon, on or before six months from the
date of first publication hereof,
w. w, KILCUP, Administrator,
Date of first publication, April G. 1922.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
LEGAL NOTICES
NOTICE OF sHERIFFs SALE.

NOTICE OF SHERIFFos SALE.
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE
STATE OF OREGON FOR MORROW
COUNTY.
ADA NJ. AYERS, Plaintiff)
VS..
w D. Newton and Ella)
b. Newton, his wife, and)
John J. Worley,
Defendants)
Notice is hereby given that by virtue
of n foreclosure execution, judgment
Order, Decree and order Of SALE Issued
cut of the above entitled Court In the
above entitled cause to me directed
dated the 18th day of April, 1922, upon
Judgment and decree rendered and en-
tered In said Court and Cause on the
14th day of April, 1929 in favor o Ada
M. Ayers, plaintiff above named ant
against w. d. Newton and Ella 3. New
lon, his wife, above named defendants
for the sum of One Thousand Three
Hundred Fifty and no-100 dollars will
interest thereon at tho rate of six pei
cent per annum from March 6, 1913 ant
the further sum of $4,000 attorneys
fees and the further sum of $3.50 cost
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Department of the Interior.

U, S LAND OFFICE at La Grande,
Oregon. May s. 1e22
NOTICE is hereby given that Francis
A. Gentry of Lena, Oregon, who, on
July is, 1917, made Homestead Entry
No, O1S3st for NWh SEA. EhsEk,
Section "a, N5sWH, Nw4 SEA-. swA
NER, sEANwH Section %, Township
South Range 2s East willamette
Meridian. has filed notice OF intention
to make Final three-year Proof to es-
,ablish claim to the land above describ-
cd. before United States Commissioner.
at Heppner, Oregon, on the 27th day OF
June, 1899.
Claimant names as witnesses;
W. L. Vincent Howard Culick. f. NJ.
Duncan and Fay PettyJohn. all OF Lena.
Oregon.
CARL G, HELM. Register.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
NOTICE TO CREDITORS.

Notice Is hereby given that the un-
dersigned has been appointed by the
County Court OF the State of oregon for
Morrow County Administrative Of the
estate Of Arthur ]. Hunt, deceased, and
that all persons having claims against
the said estate are required to present
the same, duly verified according to
law, to me at the office Of my attorney,
s Il. Notson, in Heppner, oregon, with
in six months from the date of first
publication of this notice, said date of
first publication being April 6, 1929,
ETA c, HUNT, Administrative.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
For REPRESENTATIVE
Paid Advertisement.

hereby announce myself as a
candidate for the nomination to the
Office of joint representative for
Morrow and Umatila counties in the
Oregon Legislature, subject to the
will of the Republicans of the two
counties, to be expressed at the Pri
maries in May, 1922.
J. PERRY CoNDER, Heppner, Ore
Paid Advertisement.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
For COUNTY COMMISSIONER.

After being urged by citizens and
taxpayers in all parts of the county
to announce myself as a candidate for
the nomination for County Cmmis-
sioner, | have decided to do so and
will be a candidate for such nomina-
ticn on the Democratic ticket at the
coming primaries. have been a
taxpayer here since before Morrow
county was organized, | have nc
platform to announce nor promises
tc make only that, if elected, | will
endeavor to serve the people of the
county to the best Of my ability.
r. L. BENoE.
Paid Advertisement.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE
STATE OF OREGON FOR THE
COUNTY OF MORROW.
Addie Devine Plaintiff
vs. } SUMMONS
Claude Devine Defendant }
To Claude Devine. Defendant:
IN THE NAME OF THE STATE OF
appear and answer the complaint filed
against you in the above entitled suit
within six weeks of the date of the
first publication of this summons, and
If you fail to so appear and answer, for
want thereof, the plaintiff will proceed
to ask the Court that the bonds of mat
rimony now existing between the plain
tif and defendant be forever dissolved
and held for naught and that plaintiff
be granted an absolute divorce from
said defendant, and that Earl w. De-
vine and Lois o. Devine. the minor chill
dren OF the plaintiff and defendant be
given to the care, custody and control
of the plaintiff That plaintiff be grant
ed one hundred (s100) dollars attor-
neys fees, together with her costs and
disbursements herein. This summons
is published pursuant to an order OF
the Honorable VIM. T. Campbell Judge
of the County Court Of Morrow County
Oregon. made and entered on the 25tt
day of February, 1922,
f. A. McMENAMIN,
Attorney for Plaintiff.
Residence and post-ofiice address
Heppner, Oregon.
Date of first publication March 80 1922
Date of last publication May II, 1922
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
Political Announcements
For COMMISSIONER.

| hereby announce myself as a
candidate for the nomination to the
Office of County Commissioner, SUBJ
ject to the will of the Republicans OF
Morrow County, to be expressed at
the Primaries'in May, 1922.
G. A. BLEAKMAN, Hardman, Ore.
Paid Advertisement.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
For REPRESENTATIVE

l hereby announce myself as a
candidate for the office of Joint Rep
reSentative of Umatilla and Morrow
counties, on the Republican ticket
II elected promise to faithfully and
honestly perform the duties of the
Office, working at all time for the best
interests of the people of this distric,
and the state of Oregon,
E. M. HULDEN.
Paid Advertisement.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
HEMSTITCHING

| have installed a hemstitching
machine at my apartment in the Gil
man building and will give all orders
for work in that line my best atten-
ton. Your patronage is solicited.
a6-tf. Mrs. c. c. PATTERSON.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
NOTICE.

Notice Is hereby given that I, the un-
dersigned, under the laws Of the State
OF oregon, have taken up tho animal
hereinafter described while running at
large on my premises in Morrow Coun-
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

and disbursements OF said suit and
costs upon this writ commanding me 20
make sale Of the following described
real property located IN Morrow Coun-
y. State OF oregon, to-wit:
The East half Of the Northwest
quarter and the Northwest quarter
Of the Northwest quarter OF Sec
tion 20, in Township One North.
Range 26. f. W. NJ
NOW THEREFORE, by virtue Of said
foreclosure. execution. judgment order,
decree and order Of sale and in compli-
ance with the command OF same, l win
on Saturday the goth day Of May. 1922,
at the hour Of 10 o'clock A. NJ. Of said
day, at the front door OF the County
Court House Of Morrow County, at
Heppner. Morrow County, oregon, sell
at public auction (subject to redemp-
tion) to the highest bidder. for cash in
hand paid. all the right. title and inter-
est Of the above named defendants. or
either OF them, had or now have, in and
to the above described real property. or
any part thereof. to satisfy said fore
closure execution. judgment order and
Decree interest costs. attorneys fees
and aecruing costs.
GEORGE McDUFFEE,
Sheriff for Morrow County, Oregon.
Dated this goth day Of April, 1922.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

Experienced woman wants steady
work on ranch. Phone 27F25. a6tf.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
COUNTY OF MORROW,
cTATE or nprc1o'

BY Samuel E. Notson. District Attorney,
for Morrow County, oregon and At
torney for Plaintiff; whose address Is
Heppner Oregon. Mil.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

Certificate No. 995, ]. A. Harbke and
]. A. Harbke. Lot 2, Block /, of
Clufrs Fourth Addition to the Town
- Iona Ora0np 2lD
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

Certificate No. 1902. Mary e. Rogers
and C. Ray Beckley, Lots l to in
elusive, Block /, Castle Rock. Ore
ea N
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE
STATE OF OREGON FOR
MORROW COUNTY.

hiOITOH SOuulys Oies sOils
A Public Corporation,
Plaintiff.
VS..
John J. Givens. G.. W.
Grey, Jesse r. Pierce. ].
D. Jenkins. A. B. Moses,
The Parvin Company, a
corporation. George e.
Quiggle. A. A. Tillman.
Max Ragley. Frank
Hanford. Harris NJ.
Pease, e. A. Wickllne,
NJ. Limbaugh. C, Line
baugh. II. W. Crees. C.
Ray Beckley, Clarence
E. Deal, Geo. W. Lewis.
Arvid Haryu. Ellen Nc
Arthur. Ruth $. Hodge.
Frances Cantwell. L. d.
Hale, Ina Hale o. d.
Forbes. II. NJ. Blake, ].
A. Harbke. Mary e. Rog-
erS e. L. Thomas, Chas.
II. Rogers. Jacob ]. Mic
kle. II. d. Winters. Iva
G. Sellwood. and NJ. B.
Evans. and any other
person or persons own
ing or claiming to own.
or having or claiming to
have any interest or es-
tate in or to the real
property hereinafter de-
scribed, Defendants.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

Certificate No. 1908. E. L. Thomas and
L. L. Thomas. Lots and 8, Block /.
and Lots and 2. Block s. Castle
Rock Oregon 81 o
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

Certidcate No. 957, Ellen McArthur
and Ruth S. Hodge. sh NwA and
M sWK, Section SO. Tp. s., r. z5
East Of Willamette Meridian----f21.7O 70
Certificate No. $50. L. d. Hale and
Ina Hale, and L. D. Hale and
Ina Hale, Lots to 16 inclusive,
Block l, City Of lone. oregon-.--$s.s5
Certificate No. s93. o. D. Forbes and
o. D. Forbes, Lot /, Block /. Cuffs
Second Addition to the Town Of
- o-oron 8RO IN
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11

Sheriff for Morrow County, Oregon.
Dated this goth day of April. 1922.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1922-05-11
NOTICE FoR PUBLICATION.

Dated and published the first tim
this 18th day Of April. 1922. 9
New Britain herald. [microfilm reel] (New Britain, Conn.) 1890-1976, 1922-12-13
N'ill1p1phS Of
M)o11ql1elle
BY MELVILLE DAWSON pOST
Q ioq1 NrA Service. Inc

mad. especially when one reads the
closing pages Of the journal. He
takes, In writing, an elaborate and
tender farewell of the three men. He
thanks them In detail for their cour-
age. their unfailing Kindness to him
and their devotion to the expedition.
No man could have written a higher
testimonial of the fidelity of his COM
panions. He points out that his death
Is impending and certain. He begs
that the journal may be carried to
France, and he urges the French gov
eminent to send out an expedition to
recover the emeralds which, he says,
are concealed in the FIRST underground
dwellings of the creatures which he
has described, as though he were
aware Of the fact that there were
other dwellings of these creatures
about. The emeralds are In the one
closest to the camp. and they can be
recovered! He Is persistent on this
point as he Is insistent on the fact
that his death is near and inevitable,
and as he is insfstent on the fidelity
of the three men with him.
And when on the following day, as
New Britain herald. [microfilm reel] (New Britain, Conn.) 1890-1976, 1922-12-13
committee of Italian artists and scptors recently selected
Sgnorina Rita Guarni the most beautiful girl in Rome.

"He knew there was no chance that
he would ever come out alive! But
he wished to rob these assassihs of
the treasure which they coveted, and
he wished the record of his expe-
dition and these Incompatible emer-
aids to reach France. He therefore
prepared journal in which was con-
cealed, as in code, all the actual
facts connected with his expedition
and his assassination, and at the same
time disclose the place in which the
emeralds were concealed. 1t would
also bring the assassins to that JUS
tice which they deserved. He fore
saw that Dix and the Finn would as
sumo that Lecture had stolen the en-
eralds He knew that the Apache
Frenchman was shrewder than these
two, that he would realize their sus-
picion and that he would forestall 1t
by their MURDER thing we know
Immediately happened after the as
sassination of Chauvannes on the
morning of their return. This was
established by the fragmentary con-
fession of the Apache Lecture, shortly
before he was executed.
Monsieur Jonquelle stopped.
II maintain, Excellency, that this
whole journal is the finest example of
code writing that was ever undertaken
in the world"
He paused. And his voice took on
a note Of profound courtesy.
"You know, Excellency, what the
creature was that Chauvannes de-