davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

License to Sell, and Mortgage Lands.
STATE OF MINNESOTA, COUNTY OF
In the matter Of the Estate of
The petition Of william G. O'Brien
as representative of the above named
estate, having been filed in this HI
things, that for reasons stated In
said petition, it is necessary and for
the best interests of the estate of
said decedent and of all persons IN
terested therein to sell certain lands
certain other lands of said decedent
in said petition described. and pray
ing that license be to him granted
to sell certain lands of said decedent
and to mortgage Ger. in other lands
1t is ordered. That said petition be
heard before this Court, at the Pro.
baate Court Rooms in the Court
House. in Duluth, in said County. on
Monday, the 5th day Of June, 1922, at
terested in said hearing and in said
matter are hereby cited and required
at said time and place to show cause.
II any there be, why said petition
SHOULD not be granted T,,d4 +,;s order he
served by publication in The Labor
World, according to law.
Dated at Duluth, Mimi, May 10,
1922. BY the Court.
S. w. GILPIN,
Judge of Probate.
Attest: G. B. CLIFFORD,
Clerk OF Probate.
(seal, Probate Court, st. Louis Co.,
L. WV W. May 1s-2o-27, 1922:
order to Ea1@ine Final Account: -,
STATE Of MINNESOTA IS Prob S1o eaart or
Tn the Matter Of the Estate of Henry
Haikio, Decedent.
The petition of Mari Haikio as rep
resentative Of the ; aboye .I named I'm &C. e-
count Of the administration OF said
estate, having been filed in this court,
representing, among other things;
that she has fully administered said
count OF said administration be ex-
amined, adjusted and allowed by the
Court, and that the Court make and
enter its final decree of distribution
Of the residue. of the estate OF SAID
thereto, and for the discharge of the
said representative and the sureties
It Is ordered, That said petition be
ined, adjusted. and if correct, allowed
by the Court. at the Probate Court
rooms in the Court House, in the City
Of Duluth in said County; on Monday
the 1ZtN .OAy OF June, 1870, NJ lelI
O'Clock A. NJ. and all persons inter-
ested in said hearing and in said mat.
said time and place to show cause.
Il any there be, why said petition
Ordered further, That this order. be
served by. publication in The Labor
World according to law. E<a
Dated at Duluth. Mimi, May Is,
1922. ~ BY the Court.
"&- ~. :4.sr- S. w. GILPIN, r
. Judge of Probate.
b Clerk of Probate.
(seal Probate Court, st. Louis Co.,
M. =. IoU1sELL, Attorney. 4
L. W.. May 2O-27, June 8, 1922.
order Li1nitinE Time to File Claims,
49,, and tor MearisE thereon:
st. Louis.-ss. In Probate Court. y
In the Matter of. the Estate of Joseph
F. Buh, Decedent. sf@-
Letters. of administration with the
vii annsxed this day having been
4; 1t 10 ordered, That the time within
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

LICENSED TUGMEN's PROTECT.
I'VE ASSOCIATION NO. Meets
the second and fourth Friday even
Rowley's hall. liz West First street
President, James Bishop, 1902 East
Fourth street; corresponding and re-
cordlng secretary, Fred Winters,
1925 East Sixth street; financial Sec
reatry. D. E. OBrien, 81 North
Fourth avenue east; treasurer. Chas.
E. Green, 1915 East Fourth street.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

! -
Mortgage Foreclosure Sale.
| Whereas. default has been made in
the payment Of two hundred forty-
five s9/100 dollars ($245.39) PRINCIPAL
and interest since April srd, 1922 on
and M%GF eaTHg : made by Anna Krantz
Equity Cooperative Packing COM
pay, a corporation, dated January
1vth. 1929 and recorded in the office
OF the Registrar of Titles Of St. Louis
GT en,'t, minnesota linn. on the 18th day 81
document No. 5047s and entered in
Register No. 10, page 81, in said Of
lice, and there is claimed to be now
Que and owing thereon, the sum Of
T TMo H9 M;d Forty-Five Dollars and
action or proceeding has been COM
menced to recover the amount due
or any part thereof.
given Na~ that ssa Ms Ses is hHreSy
foreclosed by sale Of the mortEaxed
premises to-wit: All that part Of
the East half of the Southwest quar-
Ter (Eh of SWA) Of Section One "a.
township TOWNSHIP Fifty 500 North, Range
tho four senarn mD, West. aceeordins to
scribed as follows, to-wit; Beginning
at the soufheasterly corner Of said
E.k OF. sWA>. Of Section 1-50-14 run
n1ng thence IN a. northerly direction
Of the swN Of Section 1-so-i4, g
feet to the northerly line Of Summit
street; running thence in a westerly
erection along the northerly line of
summit street ASA feet to the place
OF beginning. Running thence in a
northerly direction at right angles
to the last mentioned line 1904 feet
to the southerly line Of the roadway:
running thence in westerly direc-
ton at right angles to the last mem
toned line 69.4 feet; running thence
IN a southerly direction at right an
giles to the last mentioned line 321.5
feet to the northerly line of Summit
street; running thence in an easterly
direction at right angles to the last
mentioned line along the. northerly
place OF beginning, to. the highest
| bidder for cash at, public auction by
| the Sheriff Of said County at his Of
flee in the County Court House in the
City of Duluth. on Saturday the oath
day of June, 1922 at 10 o'clock A. M,
| to satisfy said mortgage and costs Of
foreclosure as far as possible, in
| GLIDING attorneys fees of twenty
five dollars, ($25.0O) according to the
| terms OF said mortgage, subject to
| redemption within one year from
| the date of sale.
/ Dated this 10th day of May, 1922.
EQUITY CO-OPERATIVE PACK
ING COMPANY. a Corporation;
A. E. McMANUs AND DANIEL D.
! MORGAN, Attorneys for Mort
| gage. 703-4-6 Torrey Building,
Duluth, Minnesota.
L.. W, May 13-20-27-June 3-10-17,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

TYPOGRAPHICAL,U UNION NO. 1885,
at Trade Union hall, "a East First
street, President, A. G. Catlin; vice
president, ". r. Towne; Recording
secretary, .. A. Barron: secretary
treasurer, p. T. Hughes, Room B.
Lowell block. 81 East Superior street.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

"yv@0 ,I1OE'UHES - UFEHATUHSS
LOCAL 509-President, A. r. Olson;
vice president Christ lBurud; Business
Representative, w. G. Kitzman; re-
Herald Block: financial secretary.
James B. Enichs, treasurer, ELLIS
Call. sergt-at-Arms, r. L. Brainerd.
Meets the first Friday in the month
at Room 210. 220 West Superior street,
city. -" :.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

LATHERs' UNION NO. IL, W. W. A.
..& M. L. F.-Meets on the second
and fourth Fridays Of each month at
43l East Fourth street. President,
Walter Matheson; vice president,
lin. 108 West Palmetto street; treas
urer, George Walter, 924 West Fifth
street.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20
MARINE ENGINEERS BENEFICIAL
ASSOCIATION NO. z3-Meets every

ASSOCIATION NO. 7s-Meets every
Friday evening during the winter
months at room 326 Manhattan build
Ing. President. Curtis M. Ryan: vice
street: treasurer. James Gleason.
UNION NO. So, @. r.
III. A-Meets on second and fourth
Monday Of each month at Trade Union
hall. % East First street. President
kristian Woie, 2 No. Thirty-ninth
avenue west. Lincoln 557-A: vice pres
1dent, Herman Winkler; financial and
corresponding secretary, Richard Dim
ham, $40 West Fourth street, phone
Melrose 1892.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

heard. ana said final account exam.
med. adjusted. and IL correct allowed
by the Court, ct the Probate Court
e9o paa IL TN saa c aoSts m as ely
the 29th day Of May 1922, at 10 O'clock
A. NJ. and all persons interested In
said hearing and in said matter are
hereby cited and required at saf6.time
be; WY said petition should net be
Ordered further, That this order be
served M2s by publication in The II Dor
Dated at Duluth. MINI, May s,Sis22,
'n S. T ". Gi1Lp1N,
Attest: G. r. e1 }SS5s Of Probate.
Clerk Of Probate.
(sMsa;i an Probate Court, st. Louis: Co..
s. s; Il T., EMGK s2 ssis. Atto ,,ssy
Order Limiting Time to File Claims,
STATE OF M M1HN fsof A. coSSrY OF
st. Louis.-ss. In Probate Court.
In the Matter Of the Estate Of Patrick
+. Preston. also known at p. n.
Preston, Decedent. $500
Letters of Administration this day
having been granted to Margaret
It is ordered, that the time within
Wnlcn an creditors of the above
against his estate in this Court. be.
and the same hereby is, limited to
three months from and after the date
hereof; and that the 22nd day OF Au-
Probate Court Rooms at the Court
House at Duluth in said County, be,
and the same hereby is, fixed and an,
pointed od1i as the time and place for
nearIne upon the examination, adjust
as shall be presented within the time
Let notice hereof be given by the
Punl1eatlon Of this order in The La
Dor World as provided by. law.
Dated, Duluth, MINI. May IL, 1922.
" S. w. GILPIN.
49, Judge Of Probate.
<oeai' Probate Court, st. Louis Coun-
A. g; MCKNIGHT, Attorney.
L: ", May 2O-27-June 3-i922.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20
ALLIED PRINTING TRADES

Z Meets the second Monday OF each
month at Room ID" Lowell Block.
Sixth street; secretary, Oscar e. NAL
wick. 1909 West Fourth street.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

CARPENTERS UNION-Meets every
Tuesday evening at Aka hall; 221
West Superior street. President E.
T. Hobberstad: vice president, Hec-'
IT. Tarum. PIT Second avenue West;
treasurer. Enock Berg, lilo East
Sixth street: secretary, Abe Jappe,
110S East Sixth street: business
street, telephone CAL 219O. Office,
AKA hall, 221 West Superior
street. Hours. IL to p. M. phone
Melrcse 3076. -. = =
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20

and third Fridays Of each month at,
Trade Union hall, % East First
street. President Gust Kindgren:
ing secretary. Chaa. Olson. 1901 West
Seventh street: financial secretary,
Mack Johnson, 5817E West Eight
street; treasurer, Henry Tallakson,
trustees. Rudolph Guith, Hjalmer
Franzen and Martin Bjorsvik. :
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-05-20
order for Hearing ON Petition for
Probate OF VIII.

NJ. p: LOUISEI.L. Attorney.
l.. w., May 2O-27, June 8, 1922.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1922-11-06
DETECTIVE BEGAN
J. + ; TO BELIEVE HE q
T. r.. WASDOOMED

Il thought my case was hopeless
until I 1sund sTanlaeS }deeaEe4y
II. Walsh 800 sPortland snsSs St.
Paul, Man. AellSknSe Seaxsn a Bsf Of
the St. PAM fdetectivssfpl
8 aFor tn long years ha9
shape from rheumatisn9 Ind stomach
trouble. WheneYerf1 ventuledto eat
: neal Everything would sour on my
stomach. filled with gasEand' the
pressure around my heart nearfygeut
oftsmy breath. had splitting head
aches and dizzy spells, was so nerv-
GUS I could get no restful sleep and
I began to feel ! was doomed : to
spend the rest of.my days in suffer
ing. s<ssx. -. IT, > .-.-<...,,9'7s.
"Tanlac went right after my
troubles and nov I simply feel great
Ny appetite: Is. ravenous, everything
agrees with me, my nerves are steady
and 1 get :plentysof. refreshing sleep
= am always saying odsword for
Tsnlac.,r -. rs. Nj 4 > =,
Tanlacf is sold:by az good druggiste
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1922-11-06

MooRHEAD TO VOTE on
H MUNICIPAL GAS PLANT
.1.. T., (By Unitsd 11sss) +,
Moorhead, Minn., Nov. 6-Moor-
head will vote tomorrow on a munl-
cipal gas plant. s.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
Will TALK HOBBIES OVER.
Printing and Publishing Problems To
BE Discussed Friday

Lawrence. Kan. May 3.-Round ia
b!es. at which subjects of interest to
printers and publishers will be dis
cussed. Will be a new feature of the
1929 session OF the Kansas Editorial
association. opening here next Friday.
This will be a free for all, and will
give every person who attends a
chance to put his favorite hobby on
parade. or to ask the question that
, has been puzzling him for months or
years.
This idea was suggested by Prof.
7. N Flint, head of the X. L. depart
ment OF journalism. and il It goes well
and the members get any good out OF
it, will be an annual event.
Attendance promises to be a record
breaker this year of course, editors
do not do as much travelling as they
did in the good old days when the
railroads issued yards and yards OF
mileage TO each scribe and advertised
when it felt inspired to do So But
the following hopeful sign has been
hung out by Roy F. Bailey of Salina.
president OF the association, hoping
all the eds" will see it:
Newspaper men and women who
live on the Santa Fe. and who do not
already have an advertising contra ct
with that road. can exchange advertis-
ing for transportation, providing the
round trip fare from their town to
Kansas City, Kan. is SIS or more"
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
so HAPPY She
WOULD LIKE TO
TELL EVERYONE
Fine Appetite, Perfect Di-
gestion and Ability to
Sleep Soundly, Her Re-
ward for Taking Tanlac,
Declares Topeka Woman.

81 am so happy over regaining my
health I just feel like telling every
body about Tanlac," said Mrs. Man
deem Terrell, 1927 N. Quincy Ave, To-
peka, Kan.
Seven years ago I began suffering
from nervous indigestion and got SO
run down I couldn't do my house
work Food formed terrible gas on
my stomach and pressed on my heart
and it palpitated so badly 1 could
hardly breathe. My nerves were SO
bad the least noise upset me. and a
good nights sleep was impossible. I
was also seriously constipated.
But since taking Tanlac I have a
fine appetite, perfect digestion and
can sleep soundly. 1t is no trouble
to do my homework now. I think
TanIac simply is a grand medicine"
Tanlac is sold by all good druggists.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
X. s. A. C. ANNOUNCES HoNoRs.
Members of Xix and Scarab Societies
Made Public Today.

Manhattan, Kan, May 3.-Members
of Xix, honorary senior women's or
ganization, and the members of
Scarab, honorary senior mems society
at the Kansas State Agricultural COL
Iege, have just been announced. Stu
dents are selected for having shown
unusual ability in leadership in stu
dent activities
The members of xix are: Louise
Manglesdorf, Atchison; Florence
Stauffer, Marion; Lulu May Zeller,
Manhattan; Frances Batdorf, Burling-
ton; Elizabeth Dickens, Manhattan;
Rowen Thornburg. Formosa; Jean
Moore. Nowata, Okla; Helen Thayer,
Manhattan; Syb1 Watts, Winfield;
Marian Brookover, Eureka; Clara
mary Smith, Mound City, Mo-; Geor-
giabelle Crinnfield, Manhattan; Clara
Evans, Liberal; Ruth Peck, Berryton;
Esther McStay, Downs; Lillian Ayres,
LaHarpe, and Luella Sherman, Grin
nell.
Senior men who are members of
Scarab are: DavS Davis, Manhattan;
Maurice Lame, Harrington; r. e. KEEL
log, Wichita; Eugene Huff, Chapman;
]. c. Wingfie1d, Junction City; c. W.
Pratt, Frankfort; John Van Vliet.
Manhattan; Don Murphy, Ha1stead !;
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
DECREASE IN FIRE LOSS
Jay W. Stevens Complimented Kansas
for Record in Fire Prevention.

The state of Kansas was highly
complimented on it's record OF fire
prevention by Jay W. Stevens. chief OF
the fire prevention bureau of the Ma
tional Underwriters association, for
San Francisco. Stevens. State Fire
Marshal L. II. Hussey, and City Fire
Marshal Joseph Hanlon, were speak
ers at the first Chamber of Commerce
Forum meeting of the year, held at
the chamber Tuesday evening.
Kansas was the only state in the
union which showed a decrease in
fire loss last year, Stevens said. Ac-
cording to the records of the other
states, It might have been expected
that AIT lives would have been lost
in Kansas because of fires during 1921.
There were but 81 so lost.
Stevens also gave credit to the work
of the state fire marshal when he
said that only 2 per cent of the fire
loss in Kansas is due to arson, while
in most states SO per cent of the loss
is due to that cause.
Stevens talk was illustrated with
lantern slides and actual demonstra-
tions of fire hazards. He declared
that the public is indifferent to fire
risks until something actually happens
in their homes.
City Fire Marshal Hanlon warned
the members of the Chamber in at
tendance that they should have their
fues cleaned out in the spring. after
coal has been burned in their fur
naces all winter.
Hanlon also protested against the
custom of storing rubbish in attics.
and thereby creating and increasing
fire hazards.
oscar Swayze presided at the Forum
meeting Tuesday night. Stevens was
introduced by Governor Henry j.
Allen.
Stevens is speaking today in sew
eral of the Topeka schools. Before
the Forum meeting, he addressed the
members of the COOPERATIVE club.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
DON'T KNOW BLAZE CAUSE
Marines Guard Building Thru
Early Morning Hours.
President and Mrs. Harding See
Flames From White House.

. Washington. May s.-For the sec
ond time in three months. ffremen
battIed with a stubborn fire which
broke out early today on the roof of
the tr7asury department, which for a
time assumed menacing proportions
as the flames burning thru long su-
.perstructure leaped high in the air
Nand cast a threatening glow on the
White House itself, while sparks watt
ed across to its surrounding terrace
when discovered about 1:45 a m.
the flames already had gained consid-
cradle headway and were soaring to a
height of thirty or forty feet when
fire apparatus. responding 20 five
alarms, arrived at the scene.
Gaining impetus about that time.
from dull. rumbling explosion which
Iiremen believe'was caused by build
ing material stored for use in the pres
mt work of raising the roof of the
structure. the blaze cast a bright glow
on the night sky over the entire down
town section before 10 began to sub
side under the effect Of water from a
dozen hose lines.
The White House and Washington
monument stood out in sharp relief in
the fantastic light of the flame.
Awakened by White House atten-
dants, President and Mrs. Harding
dressed and from a window watched
the firemen battle the flames in the
When checked after about thirty
minutes effort. the flames had burned
entirely thru one section of the long
superstructure and had spread to
= parts OF the central portion of the
roof. Unofficial estimates, however.
place the damage at not more than
$4,000, altho it is not known whether
this adequately took into account the
possible damage from water.
Firemen had been on the scene Of
ficially few minutes when Gordon
sof about fifty marines, hastily re-
cruited from number at liberty here
from the Quantico, Va. barracks, was
thrown around the building.
The general public and representa-
tives of the press were denied permits
sion TO pass within the line, which
had made it difficult at an early hour
today to ascertain the exact extent OF
the damage Undersecretary of the
Treasury Clifford was early on the
scene to take charge of the protection
of the building and the Gordon of ma
rines was still maintained there at an
carly hour.
The blaze apparently was of much
the same nature as that which oc-
cured on the treasury roof during of
flee hours when hundreds of employees
we're in the building on last Febru
G-y S.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
C. E. UNION TO MEET IN K. C.
Thirty-FIfth Annual Convention VIII
Be Held June 6, Z, s, 8.


Registrations for the thirty fifth an
nuaI convention of the Kansas Chris
tan Endeavor union to be held June
s, Z, s and at Kansas City, Kan,
are now being received daily by Miss
MADELEINE Carter, secretary of the
union. Approximately fifty of the l.
500 delegates in attendance will beJTo-
pekans-
1t viii be the largest convention in
the history of the union. One of its
chief features will be sightseeing
tours thru the industrial plants of the
convention city. Among the officers
of the international society, who will
speak at the. convention are: z. p.
Gates. general secretary; DR.. ira Ian
drith, extension secretary: Roy Breg,
field secretary for the southwest and
Clarence Hamilton, general field Sec
rotary.
Application will be made before the
public utilities commission for reduced
rates to the convention. If registra-
tions warrant it, special trains will be
chartered for delegates.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
"Boo TO MEET bob" NOW.
Centre Football Star and Track
Champ Match Their Track Teams.

Columbia, No, May 3.-"Bo" Nc
MILAN, the famous "Bo' who was the
heart and soul of the still more IA
nous Centre college football team, is
coming to Columbia in a new role.
Saturday. as coach of the Centre COL
lege track team, he will direct the
Praying Colonels'' in their clash with
the University of Missouri track team.
coached by Bob Simpson, hurdling
star, who is as famous for his speed
on the track as DO is for his drive
on the gridiron.
The meet will be the Tigers third
intersectionaI contest. the Simpson ag-
gregation having returned only a week
ago from a trip to the Pacific coast.
where they defeated the Occidental
college team at Los Angeles and lost
to the University of California at
Berkeley.
The Centre track team, according
to Mcmillan, includes four members
of the 1921 Centre football team
Gordy and Shadowens, weight men.
who played guard and tackle. and
Hudgins, middle distance man. and
F1ippin, broad jumper, who were subs
on the college eleven.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
SATURDAY IS "LAST CALL"
R.nst Time for Entries in Golf Play at
Junction City.

Junction City. Kan May 3.-Next
Saturday evening is the dead line"
for entries in the statewide invitation
golf tournament to be held under the
auspices of the Junction City Golf club
May z, 8 and 9.
The club sent BIDS to seventy-one
golf clubs in Kansas. and the replies
to the "R. s. V. P.'s' indicate that
most of the local clubs will send one
or more of their below-par stars to
try for the statewide laurels. The
clubs are urged to send a team of four
to compete in the team low-score coz
test for the chamber of commerce
trophy.
Play will start at 1880 Sunday
morning, May Z. AS a side attraction,
the club has arranged for a top-line
contest for o'clock Sunday after
noon, between Bill Creave, western
professional champion. of the Hill
crest club, Kansas City, and Arthur
Bonebrake, ex-champion of Kansas.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03
INTEREST IN AGGIE OFFER.
Prizes for Exhibits of Insects and
Damage Arouse Competition.

Manhattan. Kan. May S.-Much in
.tcrest has been manifest in prizes for
the best exhibits of injurious insects
and OF plants damaged by them, Of
ferod by the boys and girls club de-
partment az the Kansas State Agri-
cultural college to classes in vocational
Free fair next fail.
Five premiums. totauing SIS, will
he awarded The first premium will
be s25 and each succeeding premium
IS less
seven schools have already entered the
contest The high schools now en-
tered are Beloit., Golf. Marion, Marys-
willie, Nickerson (Reno county high
SCHOOL,, Vinland. and Whiting. The
total enrolment of these classes.
which are made up of agricultural and
teacher training students, is about 400
boys and girls
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-05-03

LOOKED LIKE DEMON, SHE SHOT
jury Says Woman Who Killed Man
Guilty of MansIaughter,

Houston, Tex. May 3.-After de-
hberating an hour, the jury in the
case of Mrs Emma Mea, charged
with murder in connection with the
shooting to death of w. S. Thomas,
switchman, returned a verdict of
guilty of manslaughter and assessed a
suspended sentence of five years late
Tuesday afternoon in criminal district
court here.
His face was red and his eyes were
g1aring like a demon Mrs. Mea testi-
fled in her own behalf on the witness
stand.