davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
october-A Definition.

Rileys poems had been read TO the
children on numerous occasions until
they were familiar with many OF
them. but 1t took four-year-old Rob
ert TO show what a word painter the
Hoosier poet really was. While out
walking with his mother in the early
fall he kicked up the leaves to his
hearts content, then turning to her.
he said: ~ tell you, mother, old
October knocks me out"
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
Novel Pistol.

A Frenchman has perfected the In
ventipu of a poison pistol" If one
is not permitted to carry firearms,
poison pistol will do the work as ef-
ficiently. 1t is like an ordinary gun in
appearance but without bullets or cart
ridges. The handle of the gun con-
tains poison gas fluid. II the trig-
ger is pressed thin stream of the
poison fluid shoots out and acts In
stantly.
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
A Literary Find.

new "bull' by the famous Sir
Boyle Roche has been discovered in
a manuscript letter dated 1705. Sir
Boyle is quoted as saying: "Mr. Speak
er, an honorable gentleman who sits
behind me is perslstently laughing In
my face. I beg to move that before
he laughs at me again he will be
pleased to tell me what he is laughing
at."-BoSton Transcript
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
Spanish National Hero.

"Cid' was title given TO Roy or
Rodrigo Diaz de Bivar. who lived IN
the eleventh century. He was ma
tional hero of Spain. famous for his
exploits In the wars with the MoOrs.
and champion of Christianity. The
name is pronounced as If spelled
and champion of Christianity. The
theth. with u long "e."
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
How to Succeed.

Orison Swett Marsden, well known
as an apostle of the cult of optimism,
cheerfulness and business efficiency.
gives the following formula for sue
cess: Exactly in proportion TO the
degree in which you increase your self
confidence by the affirmation of what
you are determined to be and to dos
your ability will increase"
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
Antarctic Ell Dorado.

That gold will be discovered In the
antarctic is now predicted. Coal is
present and the Mawson expedition
found molybdenite worth S2,5oo per
ton. Strong indications OF "copper" IN
the form of green carbonates, were
also found.
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
Strange Second Party.

visited an aunt, who had a small
boy, and year later went there with
my husband on our honeymoon. We
were both taken In to see the little
boy In his crib. He was asked II he
remembered me. He looked up shyly
and said: 81 remember Ria, but I
don't know the man of her."-Chicago
Tribune.
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
Fair Play.

Heaven helps those who help them
selves provided they do not help them
selves at others expense. Present
conditions are largely the result of
men helping themselves nj the ex-
pense of other men. Whether In busi-
ness or employment, play fair.
The Colorado statesman., 1922-07-08
rhatehed Roofs Last Long.

Thatch-d roofs in Holland are ex-
ceedingly durable. and some of the
Oldest bnildings still have the orig
inal roof in place doing good service.
There are many instances Of a
matched roof 200 years old.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
BEAUTY IN SOUTHERN WOODS
Lizards Colored to Match Their Sur roundngs Compete for Honors
 With Sweet-Voiced Birds.


 l catch a glimpse of beautiful leaf green lizard on the gray trunk of an orange tree, but it is gone almost be fore l can say l saw il. Presently n brown one with light-colored stripes and bluiSh tail is travelling over the crumbling wall. running into crannies and out again. Now it stops to look at me with it's jewel of an eye. And there on tho rustic arbor is a third one. matching the unpainted wood in hue. Its throat is white. but when it is inflated. it turns to the loveliest rose color.
 On two sides of me, beyond the or ange trees, is thicket of small oaks and cabbage palmettos-hammock suppose, it is called. In all other di. rections are the pine woods, with their undergrowth of saw-palmetto. The cardinal sings from the hammock, and so does the Carolina wren. The che winks, the blackbirds "a grackle just now flies over, and a tish-hawk aIso-with the bluebirds and the pine warblers, are in the pinery. From the same place comes the song of the Maryland yellow-throat. - Bradford Torrey.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
New Truths for Old,

It is commonly said that there are only limited number of story plots. and the best novelist can hope for is to vary an old one little. There seems to be, not exactly fixed quan- tity, but still not-rapidly increas- ing quantity, of ideas. A writer or philosopher may try new mixtures and portions-mucA as a chemist ex- periments with his fixed number of elements-but he is not likely actually 10 add to the basic supply.
 If he has gifts for it, he may take old truths and polish them up or re- decorate them so as to attract new attention in the show windows of literature. He may draw a big crowd But the chances are that if he does 1t is not that the passersby are star tied by what appears as new; they are lme by observing old friends in new guise, recognized truths more i'm. pressively displayed. Epigrams are more often than not. examples of this They lodge and stick in peoples minds partly because what they tell was there already. York Sun.
The spectator., 1922-06-16

ed by a battery currcnt and It Is this heat furnished by the battery current that constitutes the force that dis rupts the atoms of the filament and liberates electrOnS.
 Fig. III is spherical glass bulb from which all the air and gases have been exhausted and having mounted in 1t filament CD which can be heated to incandescence by the ."A' battery connected to it, and the metallic plate E. When the filament CD is heated to incandescenee by the "A' battery connected across it's terminals cleo irons are emitted. Connecting the cold plate E to the incandescent fla ment CD by means of the circuit F. F-G-H which includes current meter and "B" battery, with its negative side connected to the filament lead at H and its positive side connected through the current meter, the plate becomes electrically positive with re spect to the filament.
 Since like charges repel and unlike charges attract, there will be a move ment of electrons from the filament to the positively charged plate, and the current meter will show defiec- tion which indicates that a current is flowing in the circuit E-F-G-H.
 Increasing the "B" battery voltage causes an increase in the current flowing in the circuit E-F-G-H, the plate circuit, until the positive charge on the plate F. is so strong that all of the electrons given off by the fila ment are attracted to it. Assuming that the temperature of the filament 10 kept constant and that the plate vol tage has been increased to the point where all of the electrOns given ofr by the filament are attracted to 1t, any further increases in the ''B" bat tery voltage will not cause any in- crease in the current in the plate cir. cut
 Increasing the temperature of the fiament will increase the total num- Der of the electrons emitted.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
RADIO
VACUUM TUBE USED
 AS RADIO DETECT0R
How This Device Depends on Emission and Control ot
 EIectrons for It's Operation.

Readers of the radio column are urged to clip each article and paste tt ID c file book. The articles print cd are continuous and the enttre series will be paluable for reference.
 The greatest advances made in the past few years in the radio art have been due in one way or another to the use of vacuum tubes. In view of this fact more careful consideration of them will be of interest.
 All of these tubes, known by va riety of names, such as radiotron, au- dion. seriotron Grade names of the manufacturer) depend upon the same fundamental principles for their op- eration. For the sake of simplicity of brevity these will be referred to in this column simply as vacuum tubes. A vacuum tube can be made to func- tion as detector, as an amplifier, or us an oscillator.
 The vacuum tube depends on the emission and control of electronS for it's operation. The electron is the smallest subdivision of matter which mankind recognizes and it carries the smallest known charge of negative electricity. For years previous to electron research 1t had been held by scientists that matter was built up of distinct particles or units which they called atoms and molecules. At first the molecule was assumed to be the smallest quantity of matter that could have q separate existence or take part in chemical action, but more wig Orous research pointed to the fact that the molecule is made up of still smalf- CT elemcnts which are termed atoms ; that is, molecule may be composed of several atoms. Then for n time it was assumed that the atom was the very smallest quantity of an element that could exist, but later researches have revealed that atoms may be further subdivided into particles
The spectator., 1922-06-16
Radiophones on German Trains.

Wireless telephone instruments will be installed on a number of important German express trains, and receiving instruments will be placed In hotels and embassies. according to m an- nouncement made recently. Experi- ments conducted in moving freight car have shown that the wireless sys- tenn works we'll the men engaged In the testing of the instruments being able to hold conversations with friends in Berlin. The tests were made under the observation of engineers. military attaches and the diplomatic repre- sentatives of the United States and Sweden.
The spectator., 1922-06-16

called electrons. The apparent mass of an electron is about one-eighteen- hundreth part of that of an atom of hydrogen which is the smallest of the chemical atoms.
 According to the electron theory an atom consists of a definite num- Der of electrons grouped around a nucleus having a positive charge and so long as none of the component electrons are driven from the atom. the latter possess no detectable charge. The positive charge on the nucleus is said to be exactly neutralized by the negative charges on the electrons grouped ab0lt it.
 Suppose now that by some means sn electrOn can be detached from the stom. Then the atom becomes what is known as positive ion and it ex- hibits the properties of a positively charged body, or in other words since an electron which carries negative charge has been removed from the atom which has equal positive and negative charges, the portion of the atom now remaining has a deficiency of negative charge and acts like any positively charged body.
 On the other hand if some force can be brought to bear that will add an electron to normal atom which Is neutral as far as electrical charges are measured, the result will be ne gative ion, which will possess all the properties of negatively charged body. An atom then which has a deficiency of electrons is called pos itive ion and one having excess of electrons is called negative ion.
 Since each electron carries ne gative charge of electricity an cleo tron represents certain quantity of electricity Forcing electrons to move from one point to another causes electricity to flow. The ability of any medium to conduct electricity or allow current to flow through 1t depends upon the number of free electrons available as carriers of charges.
 It has been known for many years that the space surrounding piece of heated metal Is conductor of electricity. It has been demonstrat- ed more recently that this is due to the release of electrons and that If an incandescent metal be placed in bulb exhausted of all gases, pure cleo irons will be liberated from the in- candescent metal.
 In q vacuum tube such as we are using at the present time, the piece of metal used to furnish the electrons Is called the fllament and Is usually made of tungsten and sometimes is coated with oxides to increase the electron emission. For convenience the 6lanent of . vacuum tube is heat
The spectator., 1922-06-16
.REFILLING SACKS IS
 PROHIBITED BY LAW
Food and Drugs Act Is Violated
 by Some Feed Dealers.
Federal Officers Have Been Instructed to Watch for Interstate Ship ments of Feeds Adulterated
 or Misbranded.

(Prepared by the United States Department
 of Agriculture)
 Some feed dealers are refilling used feed sacks stamped or printed with the name of the manufacturer and the brand name of the feed that was originally in the sack, so that the names and brands are not true in reference to the feed in the sack after refilling, according to officials of the bureau of chemistry, United States De- partment of Agriculture, who are charged with the enforcement of the Food and Drugs act.
 A feed dealer of Iowa was recently cited to hearing under the Federal Food and Drugs act for shipping into interstate commerce a molasseS feed in bags which he had refilled but which bore the name of another feed manufacturer. The sacks also bore 6 brand name under which the original owner of the sacks sold stock feed of much higher grade than the feed with which the sacks were reiilled.
 The Federal Food and Drugs act htts ilpi iNlQiit oA tiit ufacturer or the brand name to ap- pear on sacks of feed coming with in its jurisdiction, according to oiii- cials of the bureau, but if the name of the manufacturer and brand are given on the sack they must be true The Food and Drugs act prohibits the use of any statements on foods or feeds that are false or mislead- ing in any particular.
 A dealer who contemplates rehlling used feed sacks on which is printed the name of another manufacturer or any statements that are not correct when applied to the product he uses in rehlling the sacks should be very careful to see that all such statements are obliserated.
 Inspectors have been instructed to look out for interstate shipments of stock feeds which are adulterated or misbranded in this or any other partic- ular. Appropriate action will be talk en in all cases found to be in violation of the law. 1t Is said.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
BEES PLAY IMPORTANT PART
Especially Valuable to Orchard Owner During Rainy Season In the
 Blooming Period.

Bees play an important part In the production of fruit in cross pollinating and fertilizlng the flowers. They carry and distribute pollen. Prof w. A. Price, entomologist at Purdue, says bees are especially important to the orchard owner in rainy, backward sea- sons, during the blooming period. When it is rainy the flies, butterflies, and the wind. pollinating agents. may not function. but the bees work be- tween showers and are often responsi. ble for the success of the fruit crop.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
FRISCO TALKS TO HONOLULU
New Radio Station at the Presidio Can Be Heard Half Way
 Around the Globe.

Hello, Honolulu"
 That may sound like fiction but it is Il reality. nevertheless.
 The new radio station at the Presidio, San Francisco. with aerial conditions right, can be heard half way around the globe. Officials in charge of con- struction declare it to be the most powerful vacuum tube transmitter on the Pacific coast.
 Located on the highest point in the Presidio, overlooking San Francisco bay, two 150-foot aerial towers to aug ment it's efficiency, the new station will command similar stations in Salt Lake City and Cheyenne.
The spectator., 1922-06-16

ports of prices paid for purebred dairy cattle.
 The representatives were well pleased with the accomplishments of the conference and were in favor of holding similar ones at frequent inter. vals. During their stay in Washington they were received by President Hard. ing and were addressed by Secretary of Agriculture Wallace. Dr. John k Mohler chief of the bureau of animal industry, attended the meetings and addressed the conference. A part of the second day was spent in visit to the departments farm at Beltsville Maryland.
 The list of associations and their representatives taking part in the con. ference is as follows:
 Ayrshire Breeders association: Paul o. Reymann, president, West Virginia c. L. Birmingham. secretary. Vermont
 Brown Swiss Cattle Breeders asso. ciation: A. F. Bower, president, Ohio l.. E. Hull. Ohio.
 American Guernsey Cattle club Robert Scoville. president, New York s. NJ. Shoemaker, Maryland; Karl R. Musser, New Hampshire.
 Holstein Friesian Association of America; Fred Pabst, Wisconsin; H w. Norton, Jr Michigan; D. D. Ait. ken, Michigan.
 American Jersey Cattle club: NJ. D Mum, president Minnesota; R. NJ Cow, secretary, New York; o. H Baker, New York; C. J. Tucker, Mis- souri.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
ADVICE FOR AMATEURS.

The voltages applied to the plate circuits of simplifying tubes are not extremely critical and one voltage control will suf- flee. The detector tube, how ever, Is often very critical and an efficient potentiometer will work wonders in controlling 1t.
 Apparatus used for the recep- ton of broadcasting Is exactly the same as that used for the reception of code signals. The transmitting equipment, how ever. is different.
 The use of a single wire for reception is advantageous be- cause 1t lessens the amount of objectional interference in the way of static. It Is equally us good as multiple wire system for reception.
 Defective "B" batteries will often cause roaring in the tele- phone receivers.
 The electron often talked about is the smallest known quantity of negative electrical energy. In motion It makes up the electric current.
 A 'soft" vacuum tube is used as a detector tube and hard" vacuum tube as an amplifier. The terms hard" and "soft" refer to degree of evacuation.
 Radio waves travel at the same speed as light, namely lS6.000 miles per second.
 A wavemeter Is an instru- ment used for checking up the wave lengths of sending and re- ceivlng stations.
 Gas pipe or water pipe sys- tems may be used for grounds. the latter being more advisable.
 Lightning protection secured by grounding the antenna when not in use is essential and is re- quired by the underwriters.
The spectator., 1922-06-16

chickens of these times. Cows did not give much milk Tn winter; In fact, most of them were allowed to go dry. The reason why these cows did not give much milk was that practically all the food they consumed was utilized by their bodies to maintain enough animal heat to keep them from freez- ing to death.
 It has been a number of years since the animal husbandry experts of the United States Department of Agricul- ture and of the state agricultural col legeS discovered this fact. Since then there has been great progress in the science of housing for farm live stock, until now the barns, or stables in which these animals spend their winters are as well-conStructed and as weathertight as the homes that house the farm families. These barns now keep COWS warm and in place of their feed being consumed to make warmth 1t is turned into a marketable product-milk Winter makes very little difference in milk production when the cows are housed in warm, well-ventilated buildings.
 In exterior appearance there are many different types of barn designs. one of which that has become very pop ular in recent years being the gothic roof, a good example of which is shown in the accompanying illustra- tion. This barn is 70 feet long and 36 wide. It is of frame construction. set
The spectator., 1922-06-16
PRACTICAL BARN
 FUR DAIRY FARM
Gothic Roof Structure Will House
 38 Cows Comfortably.
SIL0S HOLD WINTER FEED
Latest Ideas in Science of Housing for Farm Live Stock Are incor- porated in This Design
 Labor Saving Devices.
By WILLIAM A. RADFORD

MT. William A. Radford will answer questions and give advice FREE OF COST on all subjects pertaining to the subject of building work on the farm, for the readers of this paper. On account of his wide experience as Editor, Author and Manufacturer, he is, without doubt. the highest authority on all these subjects. Address all inquiries to William A. Rad ford, No. 1927 Prairie avenue, Chicago Ill, and only inclose two-cent stamp for reply.
 Years ago cows were housed in straw matched sheds that were open on one side-the side fartheSt from the prevailing winter winds, like the
The spectator., 1922-06-16

stalls aceomodates 19 cowa. The lay out of the interior of the COW stable is shown on the floor plan. It will ne noted that the COWS face in, which permits the sunlight from the windows to fall on the litter alley, helping to keep the interior free from disease germs. The stall partitions are of steel, while modern steel stanchions hold the animals in their places. The continuous manager is of concrete, slightly pitched to a drain at one end so that it may be hosed oIt. Manager partitions separate the feeding place of each animal, and at each stallhead there is a drinking cup, into which water is flowed under pressure, giv- ing the animals continuous supply of fresh water.
 Over the center, or feeding alley and over both the litter alleys is q carrier track, which permits the trans portaton of food to the managers and by which the litter is carried out without need of manual labor.
 At the end, on either corner of the barn is a hollow clay tile silo, which houses the ensilage that provides the animals with green feed throughout the months when pasture is not avail able. These SiloS are connected with the barn by feed room. into which the ensilage is thrown from the silos and then transported by feed carriers to the managers. This addition to the barn also provides place where the other rations of the animals may be mixed. A study of this plan will re
The spectator., 1922-06-16

litter alleys to the rear of each row of stalls. Each of these rows of veal that this is an efficient factory for the production of milk.
 While first thought may lead to the belief that such q barn as this is an extravaganza. this is not true. A we'll constructed barn will last for many years. All of those years dairy animals housed in 1t will produce maximum quantity of milk the work of caring for them will be greatly lessened and the health of the animals will be con served. Spread over the life of the building, the investment will be a profitable one.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
Handling Vacuum Tubes.

When you handle the vacuum tubes exercised that they are not knocked about or that the clements are broken. These little lamps are the heart and soul of the set. A good way to op- crate these tubes is to keep the glow just n little below the critical point.
The spectator., 1922-06-16
Extensive Church Buildinu.

Nearly 100 per cent more money was spent in church building in 1921 than in the years previous. In no other class of construction was the per centage of increase nearly so high Not even the theaters kept pace. Tie hospitals were next to the churches = Los Angeles Times
The spectator., 1922-06-16

on concrete foundation. The attrac- tive side walls are made tight by bat ten strips, which form panels. The curved roof starts seven feet up from the foundation line, the curve of the roof being broken by dormer windows, adding to the attractiveness of the ex- terior appearance.
 The width of the barn. 36 feet, Is exactly right to accommodate two rows of stalls. with 10-foot driveway through the center of the building and
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1922-10-11

FOR SALE: Two Jersey and one
Holstein mich cows with young
calves.
9-27-2t =. w. X. SMITH. 4
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1922-10-11
Candidate out Against Fulmer.

Columbia. Oct, 6.The announce
ment today Of ]. G. Ftheridge as a
candidate for congress from the
seventh district is mo surprise to
those who are conversant with poll
tics in this state. The Republican
party will not place Z! candidate in
the field against Congressman Full
mer but will give their full support
to the Independent candidate and it
is quite probable that if Mr.. Ether
idge can control any considerab
democratic support, that he may be
able to give Mr.. Fumer considerable
trouble. In fact if congress should
close with the Republicans in con-
troll Mr.. Etheridge may be seated in
"a contest.
Mr.. Etheridge is q well known
citizen Of Columbia, and is an up-
standing man in this community and
popular with all classes.