davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-03-05
SURFACE CAR PASSING.
From Financial America.


A junk pile of old rails near the
Cotton and Coffee exchanges in New
York's Old Slip. where the street
passing of another surface car line
in the financial district. 1t is within
memory that some financiers, who
knew better. sold Wall street car
line that existed only on paper to the
Metropolitan Traction for $1,000. 600.
That was one of several inside Jobs
that loaded up the concern and its
successor. now once more in receiver
ship. with worthless assets acquired
at the expense of the investor.
The value of a surface car fran
chise in the downtown district OF
measured by the abandonment OF
lines that actually existed. Some of
these have been clinRinE to life for
several years by running a horse car
over their tracks once day, after
Wall street had gone to bed. A re-
ceiver stopped this pretense a year
ago on the East Side Belt line. whose
rails the city has just ripped up near
the water front. The subwaysN have
tapped the traffic downtown very
thoroughly. For the short hauls left,
however. along the river. il is quite
possible New York will see a jitney
service operated. Overhead wires
have been out of the question in Man
haitian for many years since the city
cut down Jay Gould's telegraph poles
when a court order was not obeyed
with sufficient promptness So the
trackless trolley finds no welcome in
the crowded streets as in London and
other European cities.
Evening star., 1922-03-05

scientific agriculture. Since his as
signment to the United States. Am
baSSador lie Breton has taken a deep
interest in the work of the Depart
ment of Agriculture and. in addition
to his duties as representative of one
of the most progressive of the South
American republics, he has originated
and developed program for promot-
ing agricultural knowledge in Argen-
tina that is already bearing fruitful
results. About year ago Senior Car
los A. Vallejo was assigned to the
embassy and came here direct from
Argentina as it's first agricultural at
tache. A specialist in agriculture
himself. he has taken over the execu-
tive direction of the embassy staff
above-the collection of the best and
most valuable of what is known con-
corning agriculture and its phases in
the United States and preparing the
facts for use in Argentina.
The United States Department of
Agriculture has done wonderful
work of helpfulness to the American
farmer in it's preparation of exhaus-
tive bulletins on almost every con-
ceivable subject which touches on
farming. Ambassador LIE Breton rec
ognized the value of these publica-
tions. and their translation into Span
ish. with modifica tions here and there
for use by Argentine farmers. has
been undertaken on large scale by
the embassy staff. Hundreds of bull
letins. on many different subjects.
and shipped to Argentina for distri-
button by the government. The ma
jority. however. under plan followed
now. are sent direct to the farmer of
the Argentine instead of through bu-
reaus. which have been found to de-
lay their proper circulation.
The demand for them is increasing.
and embassy officials say the popu-
larity is only partially indicated in
fhe hundreds of letters from the farmers
themselves requesting more detailed
informa ton on subjects touched on in
the bulletins. All these publications
are credited to the United States De-
partment of Agriculture, and all Of
them describe methods used in the
United States. So the farmer of the
Argentine is becoming familiar with
Yankee practices and customs. and
it is a pretty safe bet that he is go
ing to buy American farming ma
chinery in place of that offered by a
European competitor.
X X
The work Of the embassy does not
stop at the translation of bulletins.
Two years ago there were three or
four agricultural journals of high
standing in Argentina. When Senior
Vallejo joined the embassy staff here
he undertook to write articles on
American farming methods and sent
them to the agricultural publica-
tions. The papers devoured them
and so did the readers. for within
two years something like twenty new
Evening star., 1922-03-05

Continued from First Page.)
dor TO Germany could any American
claim against the central powers be
considered or settled. All are outside
tho $1,000. 100000 owing the United
States from the allies: nevertheless
tho payment of these claims by Ger
pmany and Austria may have an i'm
portant bearing on the activity Of
the reparation commission, and the
ultimate economic reconstruction Of
Europe.
These American claims against the
central powers. according to the Of
fetal report, number 1883. aggregat-
ing in amount s221,231.465. In addi-
tion there are claims of about $127,-
1856 cat par) for military reauisi-
tions and damage to property OF
American citizens in Rumania at the
time of the German invasion OF that
country in 1916. These are claims OF
any claims of the United States gov
erenment for the loss OF Shipping
Board vessels. for the pay OF soldiers
in tho army of occupation (amount-
ing to about $300,000.000) or any
other strictly government claims.
and aggregating $15.s65.756. arose
out of the destruction of the Lusi-
tania. In addition there are Is bel
liSerent claims amounting to $2o5,346
This makes a total of $50 claims
amounting to more than $16.000,0o0,
for loss of life. mainly in the Lusi,
tania disaster. Claims for alleged
losses and personal injuries number
Sc, amounting to $2.395.553. OF this
amount slightly less than one-half
ar" prcwar claims, the balance bell
Iigereni claims. Claims fes alleged
Evening star., 1922-03-05

losses arising from the sinking of
vessels number 100. and amount to
s30.411, ,000-$ $6.6o4.00o prewar and
$23.8O7.000 belligerent claims.
Claims alleged to be due insurance
companies and similar organizations
surance) are about $4,000. .000-$34,-
349. 900 prewar and $50,734.000 bellig-
erent. Among the heaviest prewar
losses of this character are those
sustained by several American cor
porations which had valuable prop
erty interests in Rumania.
Not included in these claims emu
merated, and various items Of alleged
losses sustained by the United States.
such as: Cargoes, $36,1S5.000; war
vessels of the United States, s12.-
$4,000: naval auxiliaries, $1,566,000:
Department of Labor caring for Ger
man officers, 100000; War Depart
ment expenses in caring for prison.
ers Of war in the United States ss.-
Justice handling enemy aliens in the
United States, $1,032,000; United
States Navy expenses in restoring
damaged interned ships, $685., 900; ;
United States demurrage charges
against damaged German vessels. 3d.
$4,000; relief of American submarine
seamen. $250,000-a total >of $780,
$4,000.
Property belonging to many Ameri-
cans was seized by the German army
at the outbreak of the war, both in
Germany and in the countries invad-
ed by the German army. A great deal
of valuable American property in Bel
gium was either seized for military
purposes, or damaged or destroyed
during the German occupation of
Belgium. Much. valuable American
Evening star., 1922-03-05

property available for war purposes
was promptely taken by the German
army American property IN nor.helA
France was also lost or damaged.
Alleged losses from MI suomar,des i;a inai,,des
amount to $11O.254.00o: This lncludes
loss of life, personal injuries, loss OF
hulls, cargOes and personal eHects'
war risk insurance. losses due to sub
marine raiders and mines. Slalrhs
for military requisitions ana aaLiaSe an az"
to property amount to S1o,2Os,ooo.
Claims for personal injuries, arrest,
dation and forced loans, amount TO
5000. 900. Claims for sequestration
cases, damage to property IN GER
many. including loss, use saie, liqui, ~
dation and forced loans amount 10
SAG. 900. Miscellaneous claims
amount to s253a.OOO. This makes
total of s169,359.000. Add to TINS otheI
items if converted into dollars ae
ordinary value of the respect.Ee p neo coits,
total is s1SO,O9S, 900. To this must pc
added 5lS claims filed, amounting TO
s41133OOO, making grand totai ol
.o53 claims and statements OF loss
or intentions of filing claims, assTe
eating S221, 900, about. In this
rsckoning no account is taken of the
expenses of the American Army OF
occupation in Germany, nd Wnicn MIL NIL
amount to approximately s3oO,eoo'oVo.
Monetary losses sustained by the
Shipping Board on account onnt od S,IS' 1s
about s1S.S39,OOO. The Germans de,
stroyed S5 American steamships ana
- sailing vessels, total OF lo'' VI
43O4S9 tons.
The treatment Of American prop
erty of various descriptions IN Ger
many will furnish possible sources OF
further claims e,sd several witb 'tbes tbe depart
ment statements describing their
nronerty in Germany and giving an
estimate of it's value. This is the
owners. estimate: Real estate, $lo.
271 900; debts and accounts reGe.s
@ ooo: deposits, sso,s51,OOo; miscellane-
ous Drccerty, S49,91O,000; inheritance,
etc s5.s63 900. Total, s1s1, ,147,ooo:
since January II. 1920. American
citizens have been able to OBTAIN me
possession of real estate anu uei hra
Classes of personal property. but nave
heen unable to obtain the release oA
credits, cash or deposits.
some SIG cases in which American
nrisoners of war lost property IN Ger
many or suffered other Injuries OF
t,rn"sht tosSe to the attention of the proper
American authorities. To claims OF
nersonal property are added CLAIMS
for cruelty, neglect, lack OF 1000 anu
medicine, i'll treatment, enforced Ia.
bor. etc. The amount OF propefS ars nnrs
claimed to have been iost 10 iioi
'irn The amount of American property
,ocated in Germany which was Sc
nmestered by the German government
amounts to s1so.ooo.o0o. To offset this
the United States alien isdp prGper!s Gsrman uus n
nronerty rT sequestered amounting to
500. q 1000, 900. In addition, the United
states holds forty ships with a ton
mage of 400,s60.
These are some Of the readjustment
nrohIems the State Department, Con-
pro9a commission and Ambassador
Houghton will be called upon to solve
in the near future.
Evening star., 1922-03-05
Are Collegians Cultured9
rom the New York Sun.

From the New York Sun.
The average college graduate is not
a person of culture, says DR.. John n.
Latane, dean of Johns Hopkins Uni
yersity, in addressing meeting or
teachers at Swarthmore. He laments
that "in sowing education to the
masses we are lowering the standards.
Along with the extension of educa-
tionai opportunities has come increas-
ing criticism of the classical tradition:
1t is contended that the college should
fit the student for a place in the world,
for a profession or trade. In order to
do this, some seem to think, it must
drop the old sort of culture.
Pursuit of learning for It's own sake'
for purposes not utilitarian, is asso-
ciated historically with leisure class.
1t has come to be considered somehow
out of place in an age in which nearly
every one does some useful work But
this distinct separation of culture ana
craftsmanship, of end and means.
would tend to do away with the pest
uses of leisure. 1t assumes that earn
ing a living is the whole living, Where-
as it ought to be the means to living.
Ones-trade should not be ones entlre
existence. Ones occupation may oe an
art, a kind Of culture In itself. but this
can hardly Justify ignoring all the
other arts.
Evening star., 1922-03-05
BY HENRY w. BUM.
following is a brief sun

'NHE following is brief sum-
mary of the most import
ant news Of the world fo-
the = seven days ended
March 4:
United States Of rAmerica.-There
Is new bonus plan, called the
insurance certificate payment
plan; sort Of cross between the
cash bonus plan and the paid-up
insurance plan. Under this new
plan the war veteran would re-
ceive a paid-up twenty-year policy
for the amount it had been pro-
posed to give him in cash, plus
40 per cent thereof. Immediately
on its issue the beneficiary might
borrow from a bank up to SO per
cent of the face value of his policy. .
Three years after issue he might
borrow from the Treasury up to
80 per cent of its face value, with
compound interest at 3h per cent.
A policy of $500 would. at maturity
GEO years from date of issue) be
worth $1,400.
The above seems to be the most
important feature of the latest
plan. but as day follows day, fresh
notifications appear; or rather,
perhaps, certain details are elab-
GRATED. 1t is proposed, I under
stand, to pay at once in cash those
who under the original cash propo-
sition were to.receive bonus not
greater than $50. About $16,000,00O
NIL no ,ivna hnt
pose. 1t is estimated that the ulti-
mate total cost of the plan would
be about $5.00O.000.0 900.
On February IS the President in
person submitted to Congress as
sembled in joint session his rec
concentrations for government aid
to the merchant marine. He pro-
fleet at world market prices. He
proposed direct subsidies (based
on tonnage. mileage and speedy
and sundry indirect aids to the mer-
chant marine. The maximum
years subsidy total, he said, has
been estimated at about $S2.-
100000; no very appalling sum.
important as the direct subsidies.
including linking up of the steam
ship lines with the railroads, crea-
tion of a construction loan fund
from sale of the Shipping Board
fleet, from which fund shipbuilders
might borrow at per cent. etc.
l hope to find space hereafter
for discussion of the bill embody-
ing the Presidents recommended
tions; for the matter is of first
Importance. Not the least impress
sive of the considerations COM
mending the bill are: That it pro-
poses to insure large body of ma
tive seamen as in our glorious
clipper days, and that it proposes
to insure important shipbuilding
facilities against the event of war,
so partially offsetting the effect of
the new naval policy on our naval
shipyards.
On the I'd Felix Cordova- -Davila,
resident commissioner from Porto
Rico, addressed the House, prefer
ring a number of charges against
Gov. Z. Mont Reilly of Porto Rico
and demanding congressional in
vestigation of the latter's admin
tration. Mr. Cordova-Davi'a
charges Gov. Reilly with removing
competent officials without justiti-
cation and with appointing in
competent persons in their stead;
with false statements and accusa-
tions; with unlawful interference
with the courts and intimidation
of judges; with fiouting the or
ganic law, etc. He is unpleasant
Evening star., 1922-03-05
When Dreams Come True.

From Everybody's Magazine.
One night Smiling Dick" Carney, a
professional turf gambler. had
dream. The air was thick with hats
Headgear of every description fioated
about in disordered profusion. The
following afternoon, on arrival at the
race track, the first name on the days
list of entries was Hatteras. 1t was
a four-to-one shot. and Carney in
vested heavily on the tip. 4.
The race started. Hatteras trailed
slightly at the quarter. He was neck
and neck with the leader at the half:
He passed the three-quarter post half
length ahead. Then the entire
bunch thundered down the home
stretch past the exultant gambler.
Carney was some distance from the
post and could notidetermine the win
ner.
In a moment the result was an
nounced.
.Sombrero wins!"
Evening star., 1922-03-05

Corps. In a recent statement to the
naval AFFAIRS committee of the House
he pointed out that the arms confer
ence agreement is in no way con-
nected with the Marine Corps, and that
the marines are a sea force of police,
which has been used. very effectively
to restore peace in disturbed areas OF
suits at home stations. According to
the Sec-etary's statement. there is al
most a constant call from the state
Department in time of peace for de-
tails of sea soldiers for various pur-
poses.
Evening star., 1922-03-05
THE STORY THE WEEK HAS TOLD

but a little vague as to Gov. Reily's
pre-Porto Rican official career.
Whether the House committee On
insular affairs will be directed to
make the investigation asked for
remains to be seen.
The American tendency to go to
extremes is, in the opinion of
many, illustrated by the action of
the House appropriations commit
tee in reporting out a deficiency
item for fuel for the Navy of only
half the amount asked for by Sec
retary DENLY. Should the House
prove no more liberal than the
Navy. it is alleged, will lie at dock
or moorings during the remainder
of the fiscal year, except for target
practice.
The Washington conference
treaties were favorably reported
to the Senate by the foreign rela-
tions committee, without amend
Brandegee reservation to the four
power treaty ono commitment to
armed force, no alliance, no obliga-
ton to join in any defenseO. De-
bate wakes hot over the four-pow-
er treaty.
On March 1 the Senate ratified
the Yap treaty.
mending aid to the merchant ma
rine the President. warmly ex-
pressed approval of the project of
a great lakes-St. Lawrence water
way for deep-sea vessels.
The Masons of the United States
are to erect superb memorial
building in honor Of Washington
Va. From the summit of the tower
a vast prospect of Washington's
country will be unfolded.
X X X y
The British Empfre.-Lloyd
George recently sent letter to
Austen Chamberlain. head of the
conservatives in parliament, in
which (the letter has not been
made public, but it's substance
probably is correctly reported) he
declared that. owing to the un-
friendly activities of the die
hard" section of the party in par
lament. headed by Sir George
Younger. he was not getting the
support he required from the con-
servative branch Of the coalition,
and that in consequence he might
be constrained to resign. AS may
Dc eApeCttu, lHl0 ucSAoIolAoH AdS
caused a tremendous sensation.
important confabs, multitudinous
buzzings. Prediction of a general
election in the near future be-
comes more confident. A plausible
way out of the difficulty is sug-
gested; namely, to silence the arch
trouble maker, Sir George Young
err. by kicking him upstairs. i.e.,
by making him a lord. Your ger
and his like are particularly keen
on the so-called reform" Of the
house of lords-by which is chiefly
meant restoration to that body
Of the power Of veto over legisla-
tion.
The conversations in London be-
tween Griffith and other lrishmen
and members of the British cabi-
net over the ard fheis agreement
reassured both British and Irish.
After brief and stormy session
the dali eireann has been adjourn
ed to April IS. The Free State
party showed marked accession
of strength, winning in divisions
by Unexpectedly large majorities.
Miss MacSwiney and the Countess
Markiewicz indulged in continu-
GUS heckling. There have been
two instances of insubordination
in the Irish republican army Of
some magnitude-refusal to ac-
cept control by the provisional
government
Mr.. Mulcahy. formerly chief of
Evening star., 1922-03-05

should be no encroachment at the
Genoa conference ION the rights
Of the league of nations, nor on
the treaties signed in France since
the peace. nor on the rights of the
allies with regard to reparations':
that they agreed to meeting of
experts in London shortly to de-
termine the economic and tech
nicaf' agenda for the conference:
that they agreed to postponement
of the opening of the conference to
April 10; that they reaffirmed cor
daily the Anglo-French entente.
Later rumor has it that the con-
ference will be postponed to April
rs. on account of Easter week.
1t is still asserted that at Genoa
Lloyd George will propose a ten
year European truce. but against
earlier reports the most recent re-
ports say that, yielding to Poin-
cares representations, he will not
at Genoa propose reduction of land
ornaments, but will leave that
matter to the league of nations,
whose efforts would doubtless be
greatly assisted by a truce. The
league disarmament commission
will have it's plan of land arma-
ment reduction ready for the
league assembly meeting in Sep
tember.
Later reports aver also that-the
,Anglo-French military compact is
to run for twenty years Qnstead
OF ten. as agreed between Lloyd
George and Briand), and that the
two governments are to pledge
themselves ito act in accord in
case Of trouble on the eastern
frontier Of Germany"-in plain
against German aggression. Brit
ish acceptance of such clause
would be a cardinal-bird's feather
in Poincare's cap.
snowfall this winter in Hungary
has been very hard on the wolves,
whose only food is an occasional
woodcutter.
Signor Fasta has formed a new
Italian cabinet. Already there
seem to be indications of its in
stability.
Fiume is again in turmoil. Fas-
cisti revolutionists have ousted the
constitutional government and
have established provisional gov
ernment Of their own: vi ct armis.
with some shedding of blood.
The forced labor law of Bulgaria
makes no distinction of persons.
Male and female. boulevardier and
peasant, the colonel's lady and
Judith O'Grady are all Jumped to-
gether and shall know equal sweat
O. the brow. Forced labor takes
the place of the former army con-
scription.
The long-talked-of conference on
the near east between the foreign
ministers or other representatives
of Great Britain, France and Italy
continues to be postponed. as one
date after another is set. A treaty
to supersede the Sevres treaty is
expected to be the outcome of the
conference, when it comes off.
1t is reported that the Standard
Oil Company Of New Jersey and
the Anglo-Persian Oil Company
are about to form joint company
for the development of the oil
fields Of northern Persia. What
percentage OF the profits the Per-
sian government (Which is very
hard up) is to receive has not
been disclosed.
The benefits of the four-power
treaty were extended to the Meth
erlands and Portugal by identical
notes. dated February 4. from the
governments of the United States,
Great Britain and Japan.
Evening star., 1922-03-05

staff Of the Irish republican army
and now a member of the proyi-
sional government of the Free
State, told the dali the other day
that these cases were being ef-
fectively dealt with, that all mill
tary and police posts vacated by
the British are being taken over
by the Irish republican army, and
that the provisional government
is given assurance that the troops
occupying such posts shall not use
their power to interfere with the
the pending general election and
will not turn their arms against
any government elected by the
people at that election"
The dali was particularly at
tentive to that statement.
On February 2S Lloyd George
announced to the house of COM
over Egypt would be terminated
upon signature by a responsible
Egyptian government of the
agreement practically embodying
the conditions laid down in the
offer of November last. Some ad-
ditional concessions are made to
save, the Egyptian face" but,
as / see it. the conditions are
essentially the same.
In language of singular clarity
and directness Lloyd George said
to the other powers: Hands on
Egypt"
it augurs we'll for a settlement
on the basis proposed by the
British that at last a new Egyp-
tian cabinet has been formed.
Germany-A provisional agree
ment between the allied repara-
tons commission and the German
government provides for payment
ny Germany during the current
yNar of 720,00O,000 gold marks.
and the value of 1,450,000, 900 gold
marks in kind. According to the
Paris Temps, the net payments
made by Germany to date amount
to $500. 100000 gold marks. most
Of this money going to costs OF
military occupation.
The agreement was signed in
Berlin by representatives Of the
German government and or the
conditional on ratification by the
full bodies represented by the
signeH.
China.-The pay Of the Chinese
navy being six months in arrears,
the admiral of the fleet. after pre-
vious notification to the Peking
government of his intention, pro-
ceeded with his fleet (the entire
Chinese navy-two light cruisers,
two gunboats. two torpedo boats
and one transport to a certain
port and helped himself to the
precise amount due the navy
($7O0,O00), from the salt revenues
deposited there.
1t is reported that more than
100000 people in the Chinese
provinces of Kiangsu, Chekiang
and Nganhui are threatened with
starvation, owing to extraordinary
floods which have destroyed a con-
siderable portion of the rice crop.
The total railroad construction in
China is less than 1000 miles, in
cluding 1857 miles in Manchuria.
Lloyd George and POincare.
LLOYD George and Poincare met at
Boulogne on February %. The
communique on the meeting states
that the premiers agreed that there