Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-05-29
EXPLAINS TERMS
USED IN INDIA
NEWS ARTICLES !
Dictionary Has Been Is
sued To Aid American
Readers

Rangoon. Burma, May n. The
following explanation Of terms used
! n the campaign for. home rule in
India and description Of some of the
Indian governmental institutions may
enable American readers to under
stand more easily the news OF that
movement:
Boycott-Refusal to wear or use
any foreign made goods; sometimes
a the same as non-co-operaIlon.
Civil Observation-Disclosures not
only to cooperate with the present
government but also to pay taxes TO
1t or to be bound by its laws.
Hartal-Noiuntary, general suspen-
sion OF business to show disapprovali
Of something me government has
done or is about to do; usually in
tended also to show the strength OF
the non-cO-operators.
khalifat-A movement on The part
Of Mohammedans, especially those OF
Ida, originating as a protest against
n peace terms offered to Turkey at
the close Of the war and now seeking
the restoration of the khalif's tempor-
al power and the freeing Of Moham-
medans from.Christian rule. A depu-
tation to the Viceroy, Lord Reading
stated the minimum demand thus:
Arabia. as delimited by Moslem au-
therities. and h Holy Places of Islam
must remain under the. control Of the
khalif: Islam has ever associated
temporal power with the khalifat.
We therefore consider that to make
the Sultan (of Turkey) a mere puppet
would add insult to injury and would
only be understood by Indian Moslems
as! an affront given to them by aeon
bination of Christian powers"
h Al-India Moslem Leaeue-Es-.
tablished in 1906, the chief object OF
which is Ito protect and advance the
political and other rights of Mus
sulmans in India" 1t also supports
the khalifat and non-co-operation
movements.
Non-co-operation-Ref usal to hold
office under the British government,
TO patronizc its law courts o. schools
or to attend. social functions given by
government officials or in their honor.
ENTHUSIASTICALLY Indigenous or
of the land. Defined by NJ. X. Gandhi
as that spirit in us which restricts
us to the use and service fof cur i'm
mediate surroundings, to the exclu-
sionNof the more remote" Thus, in
religion he would follow only tho
forms of worship used, by his ances
tors; in politics he w~ould-rnake use
only Of those institutions which were
indigenous. in economic life, he would
use only things produced by himself
or his Immediate neighbours and would
serve only those Industries which are
native to HIS own country.
Swaraj-Self-rule. 5s Il
themselves to serve th~esssinterests OF
either the Indian National sGongfess
or the All-lndia Moslem League
, Congress - The Indian MNattona
Congress. founded in 1885 and meeting
annually; present object is the at
tainment of .swaraj by. the. people Of
India by all legitimate and peaceful
means" the qualification, within the
British empire" being omitted inten-
tionally; works between sessions
through a, working committee: ap-
pointed Gandih as dictator at Anime
dabad meeting in December 1924.
Assembly-The Indian legislative
assembly, the lower house of the In
/ dian legislature. Of which4<the upper
is the Council of. State; established
under the Government ofs1ndia Act
OF 1919,. as a part of the Chelmsford
Montagu reform scheme