davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
ENGINE sIDEswIPED AUTO.


Manchester, Sept 22.-Mr. and Mrs
I'D. S. Luther Of Pawtucket, r. l., and
Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert +. Luther OF
Providence, r. l., were injured and
narrowly escaped being killed Wsdmes-
day when the automobile in which
they were riding was struck by the
Green Mountain flyer at the tirout
crossing in SALISBURY.
Following the accident they were
brought 10 Manchester and taken 10
the Batsenkill inn where they were
treatde by DIR. Claude Camp
bell. They reviewed some ugly cuts and
were hadly shaken up, but were ve-
ported as resting comfortably late
last night.
The party was en- route to Rhode
Island after spending several days IN
Tyson As the car approached the
track its occupants noticed the north
bound train when the machine was
onlv--io feet from the crossing. The
driver turned out but not enough to
keep the engine from sideswiping the
car Every member Of the party was
thrown out and the machine, practically
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
THREW AWAY $4,000.
Thought Bank Notes Worthless Be
cause Unsigned.

Springfield. Mass. Sept. 22.-Find-
ing that he had thrown away in fun
unsigned National bank notes amount.
ing to $1,000. believing them to be
worthless. William b. Soucia, foreman
of bridge construction gang. to-day
admitted that the joke was on him
when he was informed that the notes
were negotiable. The bills were found
tucked away in a bridge pier that was
being razed and were part Of lot Of
$4,000 believed to have been stolen
while en- route ffom Washington 70
banks in western Massachusetts. Sou
cia and two other workmen, noting
that the bills were unsigned. amused
themselves for several days by throw
ing them in the street and watching
persons SCRABBLE for them. They
were in denominations from S. to $50.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
TURKS SEIZE ONE TOWN
AND TfIREA TEN KEYPOSI-
1ION ON DARDANELLES

the vefugees now have been removed
to concentration camps. DepoItations
to the interior are continuing.
r. w. Norman of Pomona, Cal, in
charge Of the Greek orphanage, is re-
sisiting all the efforts of the Turks To
deport four hundred orphan boys. He
declares he will accompany them to
the interior if they are removed.
Several members of the Anger cab
met have arrived for council of war
with Mustapha Kemal Pasha.
The American destroyers, McLeash,
Litchfield, Edsall and Lawrence, are
standing by in the harbor. Captain
A. J. Hepburn Of Philadelphia, chief
of-staff to Rear Admiral Bristol, has
returned from Constantinople, resum-
ing charge of the naval units and
seeking better conditions for the ref
ugees from Kemal.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
RAILROAD MAN
FOR FUEL JOB
President Appointed Con-
rad E. Spence Of Bur
lington System
COAL PROBLEM ONE
OF TRANSPORTATION
According To Statement
Issued at the White
House

Washington, d. G., Sept. 22. Conrat
z. Spence vice presindent of the Chicago
Burlington and Quincy railway com
|pany, to-day was appointed federa
fuel distributor under the coal distri
button and anti profteering act.
Selection of the Burlington ofiicial
for the new post, which carries with il
broad authority to devise plans foI
movement of coal shipments, was an
nonnced at the White House shortly
after President Harding had affixed his
signature to the coal distribution and
anti profteering bill and to the sep
arate emergency measure for fact
finding coal commission, Mr.. Spence ~
understood to have been recommended
BY Secretary Hoover. with whom he
was associated in the war time food
administration
This statement was issued at the
White House.
"The president to-day appointed Mr..
Conrad f. Spence. vice president OF the
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Rail
road company, to act as federal fuel
under the new congression-
al act.
Mr.. Spence has been given SIXTY
days furlough from the Burlington
railway to undertake this work He
was chief of the transportation divi.
sion Of the food administrator during
the war
1T is felt by the administration that
the coal problem il q problem cf
rather than product ion
and for this reason. especially required
experience in its solu
tion.
"Mr. H. b. Spencer who has been act
ing as voluntary fuel distributor in
so-operation with the various depart
nents Of the government has consented
10 act only until definite organiza
zion could be effected He has requested
hat he be relieved in order that he
nay resume his work as president of
he Fruit Growers Express The
president has to-day expressed to Mr.
spencer his appreciation of the fine
ervice he has given the public"
II was indicated at the White House
hat the president had not yet made
lp his mind regarding membership Of
he fact finding commission
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
TRANSPORTATION OUTLOOK BAD
Lumber Manufacturers Alarmed Over
the Situation.

Washington, d. c., Sept. 22. 2.-Declar-
ing that transportation outlook is omi-
nous, the National Lumber Manufac-
turers' association to-day announced
that scarcity of cars and slowness Of
forwarding those which were loaded
had cut lumber shipments in the week
ending Sept. Is. TO only SO per cent Of
the production. Shipments that week
were only l7.oo0.ooO feet greater than
ia the corresponding week Of 1921. al
though production was 73.o00.000 feet
greater. the statement declared.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
BRITISH LABOR OPPOSES WAR.
Demands That Great Britain Settle
By Agreement.

London, Sept. % (By the Associated
Press The attitude Of the British
labor party toward the present near
eastern situation is snccinctly set forth
in cable message sent to-day to the
Australian and New Zealand laborites.
The message reads;
British labor is opposed to any wars
in the Near East. and believes the only
way OF averting it is by reference Of
the dispute TO the league of nations, in
which Turkey, Russia and Germany
should be included
I'VE are strongly opposed to Ereat
Britain acting individually and demand
settlement by discussion and agree
ment"
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
KILLED BY FLYING BOARD.
workman Knocked Down and Hal
Skull Fractured.

Brattleboro. Sept. 22-Nsrtin Bon.
ski. q well-to do Polish resident of
AshueIot. n. II. was brought to Mel
rose hospital yesterday with frae-
fured skull and internal injuries which
caused his death early last evening.
He uas employed in = box factory
and while running an edging machine
board few hack and struck him IN
the stomach. knocking him down with
such force a. 70 fracture hrs skull and
cause severe heTnorrhaers
He was 50 years old. He leaves q
wife and three boys
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
ACCUSES HIGHER POLICE
And Others Of Inducing oficers to Pig,
eonhole Cases Against Speedsters.

Boston. Sept 22.-Skventy-two chill
dren have been killed 5y automobiles
on Massachusetts, highways in the last
three months. Frank A. Goodwin. state
registrar Of motor vehicles. said to-day.
Mr.. Goodwin assziled higher police Of
6cers. persons Of wealth and political
pull who induce officers to pigeonhoie
three fourths Of the complaints against
speedster-
A. leng - M prfs-ure = brought
on such pers0n-. the statement con-
tinue>. -oniv the roor and frieBdiess
vii bt put in court-7
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
|OFFICERS met
WITH BULLETS
While Approaching liver
ton, R. T., Farm To
Make Raid
ONE POLICEMAN
SHOT IN LUNG
-
Warrant Had Been Issued
For Arrest Of Manuel

Fall River, Mass, Sept. 22.-OfIicer
A. H. Borleau of the Tiverton police
department was shot last night while
approaching the farm Of Manuel Diaz
on Bulgar Marsh road, Tiverton, to
make liquor raid with four other
officers. A bullet pierced Borleau's
right lung. He was taken to st.
Anne's hospital, where he is in dan
erous condition ! A warrant has been
issued for Diaz' arrest.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
SEN. FRANCE ATTACKED.
Democrats of Maryland Call Him Ex-
ponent of Radicalism.

Baltimore, Sept. 22.-The Democrat
ic state convention yesterday declared
Senator Joseph |. France. Republican
candidate for selection, an exponent
of radicalism and communism.
senator France was criticized in both
the keynote speech and in the plat
form. The platform said that France
stands neither for democracy nor re-
publicsnism, he having repudisted his
own party and having been repudi-
ated by the best thought in his party =
A plank favoring light wine and
beer j. in the platform.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
rwo FURIOUS FINISHES
Kept Spectators on Edge at the Wood
stock Fair.

Woodstock, Sept 22.-Windsor coun-
" fair closed three day successful ex-
hibition yesterday with good attend
ance.
Six heats were needed to end the
2:2o pace. Princess Nellie and Robert
Frisco sending spectators to their feet
with two furious driving finishes. y. A.
3 Bartons horse, however, came from
behind and won after six exciting heats.
A named race with seven starters was
substituted for the 2:i3 pace Kokensi-
co. Canadian horse, forged TO the front
in one heat after bad start, beating
out Sherman Boy who led all the way
but broke a few yards from the wire
The sumuavfes:
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
JASPER N. KELLAR DEAD.
Was Formerly President of New Eng.
land Tel & Tel. Co.

Keene. N. w., Sept. 22.--Iasper n
Kellar, former president of the New
England Telephone and Telegraph Co.,
died early this morning at his home
in Surry, where he spent his sum
mers for eighteen years He was
stricken with cerebral hemorrhage
on Aug. Ia, from which he never re-
covered.
In early manhood. Mr.. Kellar be-
came acquainted with the late Theo-
dore n. Vail while the former was a
railroad telegrapher and tbeslatter a
railway mail clerk. He is survived
by his wife, two sons and a. daugh-
ter. all Of Boston. The funeral will
be held at Forest Hills cemetery Mon
day afternoon at 2:30.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
DRIVER THROWN ON AUTO
In Running Race at Black River VAL
ley Grange Fair.

Ludlow, Sept. 22 A cool. sunny day.
a three heat running race and mile
dash, the latter won by Topsy. owned
and ridden by Raymond Stillson Of
Hartlsnd. together with the usual mid
way features, drew out good at
tendance at the first day of the four
teenth annual Black River Valley
Grange fair which opened here yes
terday.
In the third heat Of the running race.
which was won by Jasper, driven by
Frederick Davis of Harfiand; Eugene
Stone Of West Windsor, riding the
third horse. Winnie. was thrown from
bis steed when he failed to negotiate
the sharp turn in the race course and
was thrown against an automobile
owned by Benjamin Shaw, Windsor
plumber, and driven by Mr.. Shaw's
daughter. The car. which was parked
at the bend in the track, was slightly
damaged. but fortunately neither Stone
nor his horse was injured
The winning position Of the entrants
in fhe running raee wore.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
AUTO OVER so-Foor BANK.
Rev. Herbert ]. Hinman Of Lyndon
vile Pinned Down.

Lyndon, Sept. 22.-In turning sharp
ly 10 avoid 4 car which suddenly
backed from driveway, the Ford
automobile Of the Rev. Herbert J. Hin.
man. pastor Of the Congregational
church at Lyndonville. plunged over q
3o-foot embankment and was de
molished
With Mr.. Hinhsm were Mrs. Hinman
and Miss Nellie Davis, all of Lyndon
willie. The two latter were bruised
and shaken, but able 10 crawl from the
debris and attempted 10 extricate Mr..
Hinman. who was pinned in by the
steering gear They were taken 20
their homes. where they were found 70
have sustained no broken bones. Miss
Davis is under the care of nurse.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
GEN. DEvINs REPORTED KILLED
Together with Five Other Republicans
in Fight Near Sligo.

Belfast. Sept. 22.-Brigadier Gen
eral Devins is reported TO have been
killed with FIVE other republicans in a
fight near Sligo Wednesday night. He
was the republican member of the
southern parliament for East Mayo
and Eligo and took leading part in
organizing the opposition to Arthur
Grifiitb's meeting in Sligo last Easter
Monday
One Of the dead republicans has been
identified as Brian Mcneil. second son
of Professor John Mcneil. minister
of education in the old Dali cabinet
Three of Professor McNeil's sons were
active members of the Irish republi-
can army before the truce, and the
surviving two are officers in the free
state army, one holding the rank Of
brigadier.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
R. c. MORRIS APPOINTED.
On MIXED Claims Commission to Ad.
judicste Claims Against Germany

New York, Sept. 22.-Robert c.
Morris. New York attorney. has been
appointed agent for the United States
government on the mixed claims com
mission TO adjudicate war claims
against Germany. he announced to-day.
In respopse 20 communication from
acting Secfetary Of State Phillips. AIR.
Morris left for Washington for = con
ference.
The mixed claims commission was
established pursuant TO an agreement
between the United States and Ger
man governments. 10 determine the
amount to be paid ~ Germany in
satisfaction of her financial ohlica-
lionS under she American German
treaty Of August =. 1921.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
NEW HAMPSHIRE wAsrEFuL.
In Five Years the Fire Loss Amounted
to s7.7<6,<<<.

Concord. y. H.. sept. 22---ln pro-
claiming the week from Oct. ? to ..
FIRE prevention work in New Hsmp-
shire. today. Governor Albert o.
Brown declared that in fve years the
states FIRE waste had amounted 10
s. -.7s6.44f a sum that Wcnld have
i'uiif several ihou-and good homrs and
maDy miles 81 he best roads
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
100000 CORPORATION.
Formed in st. Albans TO Deal in Mer'
chandise and Real Estate.

Articles Of association have been
filed with the secretary of state by
the STANDARD Supply company. Inc,
Of st. Albans. of which the incorpor-
stcrs are Charles +. Schoff, Carroll II.
Morton. Selden S. Watson and Steph-
en- s. Cushing. all of 81. Albans. The
purpose of the company is TO manu-
facture. buy and sell merchandise and
to buy. sell. hold and develop real
and personal property The amount
Of capital stock is 100000 in 1000
shares at 500 par value each.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
HUGHES NEARING NOME.
Secretary of State Expected to Reach
New York Saturday.

Washington. d. c. sept 22.-The
battleship Maryland. on which Secre-
tary Hughes and members Of the Bra
lillian centennial commission are re-
turning from Rio yaneiro. passed Ber-
rnuda a. 10 O'Clock last night. The
vessel expects 20 reach New York on
SATURDAY..
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
DIR. MAYO SPENT NOTHING
In Campaign fer the Democratic Gu
bnernstorial Nomination.

William b. Mayo Of Northfels hss
fled with the SECRETARY Of state a state
rnsnf showing that his campaign for
Sc Democratic nouinatiln for COVER
nor uAs condprted without expense.
Rrdfrif Proctors -taiemeuf has been
mailed and A - Fcofe's ~iIl be maiIrd
fc-fev.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
PoULrN TO TESTIFY.
Will Take the Stand in His Own De
fense al South Bend.

S>hth Bend Ind. sept. 22-Harry
Poulin viii take the stand in his own
defense sgainst the eharre brought
by Mr. John r. Tiern-1 that be = the
father Of hcf-tAird chiid. He probabiy
viii testify this Afternoon
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22

The winning position of the entrants
in the running race were:
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
BEATEN AND STRANGLED
AND TIED IN A BAG
Body of Man Was Found in the Hall
of New York Tene-
ment.

New York, Sept. 22.-The body Of
man who had been beaten and straneled
was found tied in a white sailors bag
to-day in the hallway OF tenement on
east Broadway. The victim is believed
TO have been an oriental
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
REFUGEES CARED FOR.
Smyrna People Removed to concentrs.
tion Camps.

smyrna. sept p iBy the Associ-
sfed Pressl.-The quay At Smyrns.
which has been thronged with thou
sands of refugees since the Turkish
entry and the confagration uhich fol-
lowed. hss finally been cleared All
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22

The mile dash was won by Topsy.
with Minnie capturing second money.
and Jasper third. A purse Of $50 was
offered
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
2:4o Class, Purse $50.


Tine; :U4; I;25H2; I:O4H.
In the second head the horses holted
and jumped the gate, which accounts
for the extra long time in that heat.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-09-22
BARRE HORSES
IN The MONEY.
But No Firsts We're Won
on Closing Day Of
Mortified Fair
5000 PEOPLE on
THE GROUNDS
Fair Was Considered To
Have Been Most Sue
cessful

Northfeld, Sept %. The last day Of
the Dog River Valley fair was attended
by about 5000 people, and with ideal
weather the day was as big a day and
as successful for everyone as was
Wednesday, the middle day Of the fair.
The registered cattle, together with
the varions stock exhibits, made
splendid showing in the cavalcade
which took place around the trotting
park ThurSHay afternoon.
The trotti1g was even better than on
Wednesday and some interesting races
were pulled off. Below are the results
Of the three races and also of the run
ming race;
2:1s Class, Purse $500.
Bingo. b. g, Dawson, Plymouth,
N. H. .................... Ill
Valcander, b. s., Smith, Randolph 2
Grand March, G. g., Mcleod,
Barre Observation-Disclosures. 323
Chestnut Isle, c. g., Fuller. Nor
risviile .........-..s... 4 4
Fred Haltoon, c. g., Smalley,
Morrisville .. 55dr
Time: 2:20; 2:22h; 2;2lA.
2:zs Class. Purse $3.50.
Mary Frisco, b. M. Smalley,
Morrisviile ..........-.l /
Bingineer, br. &, Robinson,
Barre ..4...... ..,..... 2 3 p
Rasware, b. g.. seavey, Plym-
I outh. n. H. s.'..... saa
Little Barron, b. g.. Howard,
Bridport .............. 444
Time; 2:27A; 2:30; e.30K.
7:4o Class, Purse $50.
Frank Manager, b. h., Waterman,
South Royalton ....
Mabel Stezer, b. M, Bombardier,
Williamstown .... 222
Dorothy j., b. m, Freeman, Barre 3
Maud s., 3D.. c. m, Mann, Barre 43
Time: 2;33A; 2;2sH; 2:32H.
There were three horses entered in
the running race, all owned BY Claude
A. Roys of Waltham, Mass, owner of
Tela Wauket camps at Roxbury The
race proved to be one Of the
most enjoyable events of the day. The
results were:
. . . .
Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980, 1922-07-13
Sill VERTON YEOMEN
ATTEND LODGE PICNIC

Silverton, Or, July 13.-About
twenty Yeomen attended the first
Yeoman picnic from this city at
Cordovan lake, near Corvallis,
Sunday, July 8. Because of the
absence Of several band members
the Silyerton band found 1t i'm
possible to go to the picnic, Ac-
cording to those who attended, a
big time was had. The Yoeman
lodge is making plans for the
building of children's home in
some state of the union and diff
ferent communities are making
bids for the location of the home
When a site is determined upon,
several thousands acres of land
will be bought in one tract and
fine buildings will be erected. 1t
is estimated that million dollars
will be spent in the project, Sill
verton is about to contemplate up
on entering the race.
Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980, 1922-07-13
POULT TRY EXPERT TO
DEMONSTRATE HERE

OF particular interest to poul-
trymen of the Salem district is
the forthcoming visit of the
vests greatest poultry experts to
the state hospital poultry plant
here on Thursday, July 27. Lee
lures and demonstrations in poul-
try raising will be given at the
hospital proper at 1920 O'Clock
Thursday morning and at the lay
ing pens at the Cottage farm at
1 o'clock Thursday afternoon. The
poultry experts who will be in
session at the Oregon Agricultur-
al college during the week have
planned the trip to Salem to in
spect the strain of Oregons which
are being perfected by Prof.
Dryden. formerly a member of
the college staff. The lectures
and demonstrat tions are free to
the public and all interested in
poultry husbandry are invited to
attend.
Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980, 1922-07-13
WOMAN BEATEN
TO DEATH WITH
HEAVY HAMMER

Los Angeles. Cal, July 13.-
Clews to the hammer wielder who
beat young woman to death late
yesterday on hill road in the
northern residence section of Los
Angeles are being ferreted out to-
day by police. The murder, in
which woman believed to be
about 25 years of age was brutally
mutilated in being crushed to
death by blows on the head by a
hammer and fifty pound rock,
was committed within an hour and
a quarter before the discovery of
the body.
Efforts to identify the woman
are being pushed today.
A piece of paper and string,
which apparently had been wrap
ped around a new hammer, the
murder instrument, the broken
hammer handle. tracks of small
car and information that at least
one person saw the man believed
to be the murderer driving at a
fast, reckless pace from the vicin-
ity of the crime, are clews in the
hands of the officers.
Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980, 1922-07-13
TRAPSHOOTERS VIE IN
THIRD ANNUAL SHOOT

Portland, Ore, July 10 The
third annual Pacific coast zone
handicap trapshooting champion
ship tournament opened today
over the traps of the Portland
Gun Club.
Shooters from all over the
United States are here for the big
shoot. Pacific coast amateur.
championship are at stake as
we'll as some $4,000 in cash prizes,
many valuable trophies and
medals.
The event will be the richest in
purses ever held west of the
Rocky mountains and probably
will set a new high mark for at
tendance. 1t is estimated that
150 shooters will contest.
The features today are the
1922 zone handicap 100 target,
16 yards championship and the 1S
yard champions also on 100 tar
gets. The first 100 targets
thrown will be registered and will
count in the official averages.
Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980, 1922-07-13
lis Arrested
For Switching
Auto Licenses

One hundred and fifteen in
stances of switched license plates
were detected by inspectors in
the state traffic department dur
ing the month of June according
to the monthly summary of T. G..
Raffety, chief inspector. In all Of
these cases, it is pointed out, the
offender was not only required to
provide proper license plates for
his car but was subjected to a
fine as well. A total of 1874 cars
were picked up with no license
plates and 1877 other cars had on
ly one license plate.
Arrests during the month due
to the activity of the traffic
squad numbered lit with fines
aggregating $2828.3O and 1922
motorists were warned against
repetttions of minor infractions
of the traffic laws. Speeders ap-
pretended numbered lit with 13
others picked up for reckless
driving. A total of 27,423 miles
OF state highways were patrolled
by the squad during the month.
Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980, 1922-07-13
What's New on The Market
BY REX STEWART

Steelhead salmon, while in the
general market for some time, is
handled this week for the first
time in many months. 1t is little
cheaper than chinook, bringing
20 cents pound retail, but is in
good condition.
Lemons are expected to be a
little cheaper next week at least
In Wholesale price. They are high
enough now and consumers de-
serve respite from high prices
on critrus fruits.
Nice looking head lettuce is
selling three heads for a quarter.
1t Is local stuff.
Prices on eggs remain firm.
Some dealers are complaining
OF shortage on all grades Of
poultry.
Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980, 1922-07-13
Sill VERTON SATISFIED
WITH TRAIN SERVICE

Silverton, Or, July 13.-The
new train service started in this
city Sunday by the Southern Pa
cific is coming up fully to the ex-
pectations of the company. Travel
ers are daily becoming acquainted
with the new order Of things and
are again looking to the railroad
for travelling accommodations. The
trains are now brought to the cen
ter of town between Main and Oak
streets and passengers are taken
on and let off at this point. A
ticket office has been opened In
the Olsen pharmacy. The gaso-
line cars used are now taking care
of the travel nicely to and fro be-
tween main line centers.