davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
The Decaying Alhambra.

The Madrid correspondent of THE
New YORK HERALD some time ago
called attention to the fact that the
threatening decay of the famous AL
hambra at Grenada had become a
matter Of serious concern to Spain.
The report of recent investigations
by Spanish architects bears this out
and gives specific reasons for this
alarm by stating that portions of
some Of the ancient buildings are in
such imminent danger as to be pro-
nounced insecure and that one of
them. the Casa de Villoslada, has al
ready collapsed. The condition of
this superb triumph of Moorish
architecture is matter of deep in
terest not to Spain alone but to the
whole world.
Many American travellers who may
know little of the remainder of Spain
have studied and enjoyed the Alham-
bra. WASHINGTON IRVING gave us an
idea Of its beauty and grandeur in
his description written in 1886 and
rewritten twenty years afterward.
Even at that time the Alhambra
showed the marks of neglect and van
dalism. In fact, II seems remarkable
that it has maintained so we'll as it
has its wonderful charm as the per-
feet flower Of Moorish art. 1t was
scarcely more than lost to the Moors
in 1892 by tho conquests OF FERpI-
NAND and ISABELLA when many of the
interior decorations were defaced
and the furniture, constructed with
a sense of apr ropriateness to the
apartments, was hopelessly damaged
or removed. A later ruler tore down
the great winter palace to put up a
more modern structure, and he made
an i'll adapted restoration of some
of the ancient Moorish work. The
great towers suffered from wars in
the time OF NAPoLEoS, and the whole
structure was severely shaken by an
earthquake in 1921.
A year ago Senior TORRES CAMPos,
well known Spanish architect,
made strong appeal for the pres
ervation of the castles of Spain
Many Of these medieval strongholds,
which we're recognized as the most
beautiful specimens Of military archi-
lecture, he declared, were rapidly
falling into ruins and would soon be
lost entirely to the world. The very
mention of their names brought back
the memories OF the days of LIE SAGE
and Gil Bias. CERvANTEs and Don
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
SEEKS AID IN AMERICA
FOR ITALIAN CHURCHES
Princess Mdckin- to Organize
Campaign Here.

Special Gable to THE New YORK HERALD
Copyright, I9Re. by THE NEW YORK HERALD.
Nov York Herald Bureau,
Rome, July 2.
Princess Spottiswood Maclsn. widow
of Senator Mackin of New York, has
been asked by Pope Plus xI. to return
to the United States to take charge OF
a campaign among American Catholics
for rebuilding the churches of northern
Italy destroyed during the war. The
Princess. who received her title from
Pope Benedict XIV. in recognition of her
work for the church. was received in pri-
vate audience by Pope Plus, together
with Countess Vannutelli Ventureni,
whose guest she is while in Rome.
The Pope spoke with appreciation OF
the generosity already shown by Ameri-
can Catholics during his pontifcate. He
gave the Princess commemorative
medal of the Eucharistic Congress.
which she came from America to at
tend. and also gave her his Pope's cap,
or zucchetta, as three previous Popes
have done.
The Princess presented TO the Pope a
specially bound copy OF her book ''From
Lourdes to Rome dedicated to Bene-
dict XIV. for the Vatican library.
Bearing a letter from the Countess
Persico della Chiesa, sister of the late
Pope. who Is the president of the COM
mittee for rebuilding the churches OF
northern Italy, Princess Macixin will sail
early next year for America to begin
her campaign.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
Why Letter Postage Is 100000 Rubles
Receipt of Partly Prepaid Missive From Russia Leads
to Disclosing Interesting Post Office Facts.

IL refuse to deliver letters to a country
which the United States Administration
does not officially acknowledge. Its
duty, as explained by an official. is TO
deliver the mali to some responsible
person or persons representing the coun-
try to which 1t is destined Failure in
that is not due to the political status
of a nation whose people certain resi-
dents here are trying to reach, but to
inaccessibility alone.
An extra charge is made for parcel
post mail when 1t is necessary to carry
4. through another country than the one
from which II Is sent and the one to
which It is addressed. This charge is
fixed by the Government of the country
concerned in the transit and the charge
Is added to the original postage cost.
The last conference of the Inter-
national Postal Union was in 1921 in
Portugal. To this gathering were in
vited representatives of every country in
the world. Many sent delegates and
those which did not wrote agreeing to
whatever decisions the union made. 1t
was at this conference that the rates
for mail transit were established And
all countries. il was explained, abide by
the unions decisions.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
Paterson's Blind News1nan.
Tom Walsh Distinguished His News
papers by Sense of T0uch.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: The ac-
count of the tests as to smell and touch
passed by Wihetta Huggins before the
Chicago Medical Society brings to my
mind Tom Walsh, for many years a
newsdealer in Paterson.
He was totally blind. He had haif
a dozen boys carrying newspapers for
him, of Whom / was one Occasionally
a boy would fail to show up at . $50
the usual hour for morning deliveries
/ Often saw Mr.. Walsh take the route
himself. He not only would travel frnm
house to house but would deliver sor-
rectly the newspaper his patron wanted.
l recall watching him time and again
as he used his finger tips TO distinguish
the different newspapers.
Mr.. Walsh would travel the streets
of New York downtown alone and pur-
chase goods for his newspaper and sta
tionery store. He carried a cane. AL
most every person in Paterson in those
days knew Tom.
Tom Walsh became blind when a boy
as the result of an attack of smallpox.
He attended school for the blind. One
night a preacher was scheduled to de-
liver a lecture to the boys. This
preacher was known as anti-Irish. Pom
and a pal. Tom Stanton. also blind
early in the evening stuffed the gas jets
with soap. There was no lecture.
NEWARK, N. j.. July /. T. A. II.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03

he was playing pool with two strangers
when all three were arrested for
burglary In the police station one of
the detectives said there was a gun in
the prisoners pocket and he was held
as a gunman. On investigation l found
that the man had record Of five ar
rests, two paroles and three prison SEN
tences In addition
Theoretically Imprisonment is sup
posed to fill four roles: reformation,
deterrent to the prisoner and to others.
a punishment and a safeguard to pro-
tect society from the criminal activi-
ties OF the inmates. Actually the prison
fills only the last role. Naturally the
loss Of liberty to go and do what one
pleases is punishment. but this is off,
set by the regular life, the freedom
from care, the amusements and often
by the association Of others who have
like tastes and incinations.
AS a deterrent the very means en-
ployed to make life agreeable In prison
destroy this effect. They have A say
ing in Sing Sing to the effect that who
ever has been in prison a second time
will come again.
AS a reformatory the prison is worse
than useless. 1t does not reform the
hardened criminal. The young fellow
with criminal tendencies becomes hard
ened through his association with hard
ened criminals. The poor devil who
was sent TO prison through some unfor-
tunate circumstance, as assault while
in rage, petty theft to relieve a starv-
ing family. thoughtlessness resulting in
injury to another--such as these become
embittered against society.
Our penal system is faulty inasmuch
as it endeavors to lessen crime by de-
torrents instead of lessening criminals
by reformatory measures. And on the
one hand 1t weakens its own deterrent
measures by making prison life agree
able, while on the other it subjects all
those convicted of crime to the same
mode of punishment. 1t Is like trying
to cure all patients with the same medi-
cine In different doses. Unfortunately.
we have only two medicines for GRIM
inals: fines and Imprisonment, both in
effective in most cases. Physical pun
ishment such as is permitted in Della
ware is forbidden in this State, yet the
records Of that State show that the
man who has once been fogged for wife
beating never repeats that offense.
In the present prison system our penal
measures are at fault. Different classes
should be segregated and treated differ
entity. For the hardened criminal re-
formatory measures are useless. Deter
rents are required in his case, and as
long as the whipping post is barred the
harshest prison methods must he used
Hard labor should mean hard labor
NEW YORK, July /. MANADoEs.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03

ing the war and has been a steady
buyer of the best thoroughbreds in
the market. His first real step to-
ward success came with the engage
ment of WILLIAM DUKE as trainer.
DUKE comes from Wellsville, in New
York State, and had charge of the
horses OF the late WILLIAM X. VAN
oERRILT for years.
The advent of AGA Khan with
millions to invest in thoroughbreds
brought about change in the Am
batielos stable, DUKE leaving it to
train for the East Indian prince.
His recommendation got WALLACE
DAVIS, also of Wellsville, who had
gone to France with DUKE as lad,
the job as head man for the Greek
sportsman. The stable was in DAvIss
charge when Kefalin won the Grand
Prix on Sunday last. The fact that
he brought STEPHEN DoNoHUE, the
crack Irish jockey. over to pilot
kefalin speaks we'll for the young
American horseman's judgment. DON
.oHUE is in great form, having won
the Derby on Captain Cuttle.
The fact that French bred horses
ran first, second and third in the
Grand Prix takes away some of the
sting left by the memory of the time
when Comrade and other English
owned animals swept the boards at
Longchamps and Chantilly.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
The Port Authority.

President HARDING has signed the
ect of Congress ratifying the treaty
between New York State and New
Jersey under which the Port Au-
thority was created, and in accord
ance with which it will proceed to
the development of New York har-
bor without regard to political
boundary lines.
The project on which the Port
Authority is engaged is in fact ma
tional rather than local in its i'm
portance. The interests involved in
undermining the waterways in and
around New York city and northern
New Jersey are far greater than the
interests of New York city, New
York State and New Jersey. They
include the interests of every farmer,
miner, lumberman, manufacturer and
merchant in the United States who
produces or deals in raw materials
or finished goods that are carried
hy railroads and steamships serving
the New York and Newark territory.
Good shipping facilities, adequate
warehousing facilities. in this termi-
nal district mean quicker transpor-
tation all along the ..ne from primary
producer 20 ultimate consumer, lower
cost of handling, less waste and bet
ter service in every detail.
The Hylan city administration has
fought the Port Authority in the
name of New York city. It's fight has
been based on ignorance or on dem
agogy. If the Hylan administration
actually believes that orderly, scien-
tific, intelligent development of the
port will hurt New York city com
mercially, industrially or socially
that administration is ignorant. If
it is not ignorant it has played to
the galleries on the theory that most
of the people of the city are ignorant
Whatever the motive of the Hylan
city administration has been in op-
posing the Port Authority, in so do
ing it has opposed New York city's
best interests and the best interests
of the country.
Nothing to the greater advantage
of New York city has been proposed
in recent times than the comprehen-
sive development of its waterfront
and the adjacent waterfront will
prove to be.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
SAYS RUSSIAN LEADERS
MUST CHANGE POLICIES
Premier Benes Sees but One
Chance for Loan.

Special Cable to THE New YORK HERALD.
Copyright, 1922, by THE New YORK HERALD.
PRAGUE. July 2.-Dr. Edouard Benes
the Czecho-S -Slovakian Premier, in an
interview on the Hague conference given
to the correspondent of THE NEW YORK
HERALD said
at differs greatly from the Genoa
congress, and IL the Soviets honestly
discuss prewar debts. war debts and
private property it will be only the
beginning Of the practical abandonment
Of Bolshevism and Communism. The
Bolsheviki appear to have become some
what opportunists, but unless people
abroad are convinced of Russia's
changes. no loan will be granted to that
country"
!, Asked why. IL. he felt that way,
Czecho- -Slovaixia dYd not refuse to make
a commercial treaty with Soviet Russia,
Dr. Benes replied: I'VE have Russia as
our nearest neighbor Two years ago
we made a declaration not to interfere
with the domestic affairs of Russia, and
we still believe this a safe policy to
follow. If Soviet Russia will offer pro-
lection to foreigners and their property.
its economic views are it's own affair"
The New York herald., 1922-07-03

In these days of debated Russian
currency IL takes 1000 rubles to pay
the letter postage for the first weight
unit Of 90 grams on a missive sent
from Russia to this country. letter
received recently from the land OF the
Soviets and bearing only $4,000 rubles
worth OF stamps looked like the tail
wagging the dog. The sheets Of stamps.
the first row of which was attached to
the envelope were several times the
length Of the letter Despite this inn
due some 10000 rubles worth OF Gov
ernment stickers TO make it comply
with postal regulations.
Two hundred thousand rubles OF the
Soviet issue equal so centimes. or 10
cents, in United States currency, postal
authorities explained. Previous to the
war 10 kopecks equaled rs centimes, or
5 cents i'm United States currency. and
was the letter rate. Before 1914. 100
kopecks equaled ruble, while at pres
ent it takes 10000 rubles of the Soviet
issue to equal the pre-war value OF
kopeck.
Having eased ones mind as to the
relative value of kopecks and rubles, the
question arises, who pays for the service
and the postage? Inquiry at the post
masters office elected the information
that the sender of the letter pays the
postage, unless he leaves "A part of IL 20
the recipient, as in the case of the letter
arriving with 10000 rubles worth of
stamps due for carrying charges ana the
country to which the letter is addressed
pays the delivery charges.
When IT is necessary to transfer letters
across foreign territory lying between
the country from which the letter Is sent
and that to which ii is destined. the Gov
ernment from which the letter Is sent
usually pays this extra expense. The
Post Office Department tries however,
to arrange to send direct whenever pos
sible.
At the end of the world war the New
York city post Office had on its hands
some 500, 900 letters addressed to persons
in Russia which could not be delivered.
The department tried first to deliver
them by sending them in steamships
across the Atlantic Ocean. When that
failed the letters were brought back and
transported to Russia by way Of China
and Japan.
After making that double loop around
the world they were again brought back
to this country and as many as had re-
turn addresses were delivered to the send
ers. while the others. amounting 20 about
half the entire number were sent to the
Dead Letter Office And all this cost of
transferring the huge quantity Of mail
was paid by the United States Govern
ment.
The Post Office Department does not
recognize war between nations nor does
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
Coddling in Prison.
Examples Of the Lightness Of the
Work That Convicts Do.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: Cham
pions Of the coddling system for prison.
ers evidently do not know how far this
system is carried. how detrimental 1t is
to the morale of penal institutions and
how perniciously 1t affects the prisoners
themselves. Those familiar with insti-
tutional routine know that when visi-
tors are present. especially official visi-
tors. everything is done on an "exhibi-
ton" basis.
Let the advocates OF coddling go when
they are not expected to the penltentiary,
the workhouse, Hampton Farms. Sing
Sing or Bedford Reformatory. They
will find at the penitentiary. for exam
pie. dock gangs who are detailed to load
and unload boats. There are three or
four boats a day, the unloading takes
from twenty to thirty minutes. working
as slowly as possible, and then come
two or three hours Of rest on the dock
while waiting for the next boat. The
men lounge about the dock, smoke, read,
skylark and kill time. Take your time"
and Don't hurry" are standing rules in
this as well as In other institutions.
Last summer three prisoners spent ten
days calcimIning three rooms of a
pavilion, work that could be done in less
than three days IL took several months
to rip UP and macadamize about 200
yards of road. Two or three men would
break up a couple 3f feet of cracked
macadam. then couple of men would
a couple of others would pound down
the earth while the rest of the gang sat
around. smoking and reading.
The same conditions prevail In all
prisons. Really laborlous work Is given
20 strong chaps who are accustomed to
heavy work. and then the work is so
subdivided that no one does any real
hard work. Half a dozen men are as
signed to pull a wagon or drag a stone
roller that two men can handle easily.
That Is what is meant by hard labor"
THE women in the worlkhouse and the
reformatory have as hard struggle to
kill time an the men. Aside from the
laundry there Is no laborious work in
women's prisons.
Prisoners enjoy some advantages that
those outside OF prison do not have.
In tho larger prisons they receive lists
Of things they can purchase from the
steward, including smoking material.
food delicacies, clothing, &C., at prices
much below store prices. In winter
they receive heavy underwear and
gloves, numerous entertainments are
provided for them and they are pam
pered by sympathetic visitors. cried over
by sentimental mission workers and
handled as daintily as sickly children.
Prison officials dread newspaper criti-
cism, especially charges of brutality.
and visitors are likely to believe the
ritiful stories told by prisoners. l was
twice deceived by such pitiful tales and
then took tho trouble TO investigate the
tales OF others. A prisoner said he got
into fight with n strikebreaker who
took his job and was sent to prison for
year, leaving his family without sup
port! The records showed that IL was
his third imprisonment for petty lar
ceny. A thin. small. sickly fellow said
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
Saving the States Money.

K A saving of $550,000 in printing
expense alone is one of the economy
achievements of Governor MuLLER's S
State administration Part of this
saving is frankly attributed to fall
ing prices, but the bulk of it is due
to the firm resolve not to spend and
to good business management.
Departments now have simpler let
ter heads and envelopes, for example,
and there will be no waste of those
they have. Where it is matter OF
consumption by the millions, as it
is with paper and envelopes, few
cents a hundred saved will soon
run up into thousands OF dollars.
Systematic care of supplies with CEN
tralized purchasing cuts off some
more. Genuine competitive bidding
by contractors makes another saw
ing. All put together the items foot
a big total.
This is the kind of work Governor
MILLER has been giving the people
of the State of New York without
fiourishes or noise. He has been
able to instill his own highly devel
oped sense of business management
in the department and bureau heads.
He has told them in language they
could understand that there must be
TO more overspending of appropria-
tions.
What a Governor Miller could do
for New York city can be imagined
but not definitely expressed until
somebody fit for the job has gone
into the whole municipal situation
to see what is there and what could
Re done with it. There is nobody
now that knows very much about the
city's business as whole. A Nathan
Miller would not be in the City Hall
many days without himself knowing
about the citys business and making
others know it too.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
All Honor to Columbus.
Opposition From Texas to Belittling
DiscOyerer's Achievements.
From The Dallas Nc,cs.

Somebody in writing to THE New
YORK HERALD protests against the reso-
luton which would have Congress de-
clare October II a legal holiday 20 be
known as Columbus Day. He gives as
his reason that Columbus was an i'm
postor" and never. discovered America
at all. This letter called out another
from an Italian subscriber who takes
the accuser OF Columbus to task. The
second correspondent asserts that The
recognition of October ~ as Columbus
Day will be an act of justice to a great
man. He ridicules the contention of the
first correspondent that Left Ericsson
should be given The full credit for dis
covering America.
or course It is only In a special sense
that Columbus discovered America II
man who starts out In the dark to
find a handkerchief and blunders into
the napkins can be said to have dis
covered" a handkerchief, why. then CO.
lumbus discovered America. When he
touched land he thought he was on the
other side of the earth from where he
actually was. He had not found India
and he had not proved that the earth
was round--the two things he started
out to do--and he did not know what
he had actually found when he turned
and set sail for home. AS an explorer
Columbus was no great success.
"a matter of fact the big thing
about Columbus was not his achieve
ment in avigation--though after all al
lowances that must be set down as con-
siderable for his day-but his faith. 1t
was as an oct OF faith that his sailing
out into the dread unknown captures the
Imagination and commands the admira-
ton Of the centuries since his day. The
man of faith of that day or any day
outlives his blunders and miscalcula-
tions. Faith IN oneself in God and
in mankind is still valuable beyond com
putation. Not little OF Its practical
value is duo to the fact that It is SO
rare. We can still afford TO honor Co
lumbus on that score. and that without
belittling Left Ericsson either.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03

essential to the very existence of the
ration, on sound, solid foundation.
The mines should reopen and the
men should go back to work on the
definite understanding, whatever the
temporary terms OF resumption-they
should begin work in the explicit pur-
pose and under the fixed program of
going Immediately, vigorously and
intelligently--the owners, the Gov
ernment, engineers, economists, great
industry builders, all working to-
gether-going in that spirit and in
that strength to the final solution of
the problem.
This is the time. To let the op-
portunity slip would be to default on
a cardinal national obligation rest
ing upon all those who are now in
conference on the coal question by
the will and under the direction of
the United States Government.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
A Letter Writer'S Inquiry.

A question: comes to us which we
fancy has not been answered in any
of the recent books on etiquette:
ITO TUE New York HERALD: VIII
you please state the correct saluta-
tion of letter addressed to a firm
Of lawyers of which one member is
a male and the other a female.
READER.
TRENTON, n. j.. June 30"
Such firm/of lawyers, If shrewd,
would try to avoid puzzling its cor
respondents. 1t would carry on its
stationery line asking that the per-
son addressed reply direct to Mr.. Doe
or TO Miss Roe, according to the cir
cumstances of the case.
Yet we must face the question as
it is: How to address the firm OF
Doe & Roe, Attorneys and Counsel
ors, consisting of John Doe, Esq,
and Jane Foe, Esq.
According to all the traditions OF
correspondence there is but one fit
salutation and that is: Dear Sir and
Madam"
1t is necessary to add, however,
that traditions are frequently side
tracked. A prospective client, faced
with the problem offered by our
Trenton reader, might do worse than
address the law firm as Dear
Friends" For your lawyer-at least
until he or she has piled too high the
fees, the expenses and the inciden-
tals-must be regarded as your
friend.