davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
BRINGING UP DOE
FAWN ON BOTTLE
Townshend Man Appointed Custodian
Deer Killed in Vernon and West
minster-Bass Law Changed.

State Fish and Game Commissioner
H +. Sheldon of Montpelier has APP
pointed Paul Bohne of Townshend Gus
todian of doe fawn that was found in
4 periShing condition on the Athens
road. The animal is being fed milk
from bottle, and is now developing
nearly as well as if it was getting nour-
ishment naturally.
A, A. Dunklee of South Vernon re-
ported to County Warden z. H. Metcalf
Wednesday that he had just found a
yearling buck deer caught in a barbed
wire fence and badly cut up. The deer
was liberated. but was so badly lacer-
ated that it apparently could not live.
and Mr.. Dunklee was instructed to end
its suffering. 1t was in very poor flesh,
and valueleSs as food.
County Warden Metcalf was in West
minister Wednesday to investigate the
shooting of n four-point buck in the
open zone of the Connecticut Valley
Orchard Co. The animal was shot by
Stanley Fullam, an employe, and
Warden Metcalf issued a certificate en-
titling Mr.. Fullam to the carcass.
Some anglers have not as yet come to
a realization of the fact that the open
season for taking black bass begins
July /. under the new law. The open
ing date formerly was June 10, but the
last legislature changed it to July l.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
Kissing a Strange Woman.

'FJohn,'' she said severely, "can
you tell me, on your word of honor, that
/ am the only woman you ever kissed?
mo- he faItered, shamefaced and
repentant. almost. "no, dear | must be
honest. Once / kissed and was kissed
by another woman. / remember It DIS
tinctlv ] was a mere child. Many
times 7 kissed her. dear, terrible as 1t
may SEEM
''And who was this woman?' de-
manded the fair one, as becomes her
domineering sex.
"I did not know. at frst-she was a
stranger, he stumbled along des-
perately but afterwards, with the
burn Of her kisses still on my lips ]
Richmond Times Dispatch.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
CONSTITUTION TO
BE MADE PUBLIC
Irish Free State Document Will BE
Given Out TOm0rrOw-Electi0ns
on That Date

LONDON, June 10 (Associated Press)
The constitution for the Irish Free
State will be made public tomorrow, it
was announced by Winston Churchill in
the house of commons today. The con-
stitution conforms with the Anglo-Irish
treaty, Mr. Churchill said.
The Anglo-Irish treaty, signed last
December under which the Irish Free
State is being created, provided for the
formation of an Irish parliament. The
act to give the treaty effect, passed by
the British parliament in March, stipu-
lated that elections to a provisional par
lament for the Free State should be
held las soon as may be- after the pas
sage of the act. These are the elections
which viii be held in Ireland tomorrow
The parliament SO elected is to pass
upon the constitution for the Free State
under which a permanent parliament for
Southern Ireland viii be chosen.
Lacking any constitutional division of
the country into districts for the pres
cnt election the act Of the British par
lament stipulated that the prospective
members be nominated from the con-
stituencies which elected members to the
parliament chosen under the government
Of Ireland act of 1920. Elections were
held in Southern ireland that year under
this act. but the parliament never came
into being Instead the members elected
were declared by the Irish Republican
government at that time to constitute
the membership of the Dali Eireann, or
Republican parliament, which, since the
adoption of the AnglO-Irish treaty, has
been allowed by the British government
to function as virtually the recognized
legislative body for Southern ireland.
1t was the Dali Eireann, for instance,
which passed upon the Anglo-Irish
treaty itself, ratifying it, as viii be re
called, by majority of seven votes.
1t was contemplated by the British
government, and originally by the Irish
provisional government headed by Mi
chaeI Collins. that tomorrOw's elections
should be freely contested and should
virtually constitute plebiseite of
Southern Ireland on the question of the
treaty and the proposed constitution
The opposition to such a plebiscite on
the part of the Republican faction, led
by Eamonn de Valera, was so deter"
mined, however. that late in May an
agreement was reached between the Col
Inns and De Valera factions that candi-
dates previously agreed upon should be
nominated by the two factions. compris-
ing virtually an official slate, the mem
bers being chosen in the proportion in
which the two factions are now repre-
sented in the Dali Eireann. or with
slight preponderance for the Collins
party.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
How He Did 1t.

The young man had had no experience
whatever in collecting bills. but he was
desperately in need of job and was
willing to tackle almost anything The
merchant to whom he had applied for
work hadn t much faith in his ability,
and more to get, rid of him than any
thing else gave him an old account
against man who had the reputation
Of owing everybody and paying nothing
till he had to- eff you will collect
this he said to the young q will
give YOU a regular job. y
To the merchant s great astonish-
mcnt the young man returned inside of
half an hour with the money.
How in the world dil you do it?''
he gasped
81 told him, - said the young man,
"that if he didn t pay me | would tell
all his other creditors that he had done
so. Judge.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
FINED $50 FOR
RUNNING AWAY
Joseph Kibbe of Bellows Falls CoIIides
with Team in North WaIpole, Sc
riOusly Injuring Woman
Especial to The Reformer. J

NORTH WALPOLE, n. H, June 10.
Joseph kibbee, an employe of the Bel
lows Falls cooperative creamery, was
tried yesterday before Judge Costin of
the municipal court for running away
after an accident He was fined $50 and
costs of $6.40. The day before, he was
driving his Ford car on Church street in
this village and collided with a team
standing IN front of st. Peters rectory
In the team was Mrs. Patrick Cray and
two children. Mrs. Cray was thrown
out and seriously injured about the head
requiring surgeons to take 10 or more
stitches. Kibbee drove away rapidly
but was followed by Officer Shaugh-
nessey, who overlook him half way to
Walpole village. He was brought back
and held in the locup over night.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
Centre Congregational Church

Thursday, June 10, at 3 p. m.-Meet-
ing of the WOman's association IN the
chapel Business: Home missionary pro-
gram. Shower for DR.. Parker's hospital
in Madura Any of the following articles
are asked for: Towels, face cloths, safety
and common pins, soap, single sheets, old
cotton and linen, hospital gauze, BAN
dages. absorbent cotton, money. Social
hour with light refreshments. Group
leaders are asked to notify members of
their groups All women of the parish
are invited.
Friday. June Is, 7.30 p. m.-Church-
night meeting. Chapter l., Victorious
Personality. in the Meaning of Service
viii be studied
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
.AUSTINE PUPILS
AWARDED PRIZES
Closing Exercises at Instr
tuition Very Inter-
esting
JUDGE AND MRS.
WEEKS ATTEND
Latter Distributes Prize Awards = Pro-
gram of 10 Events by Deaf Pupils En-
iOyed by Audience of 100 or More -
Lip Reading of Commands

A demonstration of physical training
made up the program of the closing exer-
cises at the Austine Institution last
evening, when 100 or more interested
friends of the school witnessed an es-
pecially fine exhibition under the direc-
tion of the instructor, Albert NJ Darling
ton, graduate of the Mt. Airy School
for the Deaf in Pennsylvania. Among
the guests were Judge and Mrs. John T..
Weeks of A1iddlebury, Judge Weeks be-
ing director of state institutions. At the
close of the program by the pupils Mrs.
Weeks distributed the prizes and Judge
Weeks made brief remarks After the
exercises the guests were given an oppor-
tunity to examine work done by the
pupils, and refreshments were served.
There are u pupils at the school, in
Guiding 10 from New Hampshire, and
four or five others are expected when the
school reopens in September. The pupils
will leave for their homes tomorrow.
Last nights program was made
up of 10 events, including Swedish gym
nastics, dumb-bell exercise, Indian club
exercise. wand exercise, medicine ball
race, marching, Indian club race, Rus
sian folk dance. and other dances
The work by each group was done with
remarkable precision, although all the
commands were given by word of mouth,
the children receiving the commands by
lip reading. Music for the Indian club
exercise was rendered on the violin by
Miss Christine Meyers, one of the teach
ers, with piano accompaniment By Miss
Madeline Weaver, deaughter of Supt
and Mrs. J. A. Weaver of the institution
Fictrola music was provided for the Rus
sian folk dance, Kamarenskaia., and
other dances The marching was espe-
cially well done, and included the form
ing of wheels, also the forming of letters
"A, |, and D-for Austine Institution
tfor the) Deaf-each letter being formed
separately. As each group left the floor
after executing its part of the program
the audience applauded heartily.
All the pupils then came into the hall,
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
BARNES AGAIN
ELUDES OFFICERS
Jumps from Buggy After Being Arrested
i'm South nd0nderry-Wanted on
Chicken Stealing Charge.

CHESTER. June 1J-Gilbert Barnes,
wanted by New Hampshire officers on
the charge of chicken stealing in Wal
pole. was arrested yesterday in South
Londonderry by Deputy Sheriff W. NJ.
Iosley Sheriff Hosley telephoned Sheriff
Spaulding of Whlpole to come and get
him and started to meet him with the
prisoner. When a mile south of Chester
toward Bellows Falls, Barnes leaped over
the side of the buggy and made his es-
cape ~ -
The New Hampshire officers have now
increased their reward of $50 to $50 for
his capture.
He was held by the North Walpole
municipal court for stealing chickens in
Walpole, n H.. Saturday morning, but
escaped in the afternoon.
He had peddled milk in Bellows Falls
and it now is ascertained that he had
done a thriving business for some weeks
in selling chickens on his milk route, al
though but few were kept at his farm
house
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
FIVE RUM-RUNNING
VESSELS SEIZED
Claimed They Were Plying Between
Steamer i'm Narrangansett Bay and
Shore Points

NEW YORK, June 1J-Fiye alleged
rum-running vessels plying between a
steamer anchored in Narragansett bay
and the American coast have been seized
by federal agents, United States Attorney
Hayward announced today. The seized
vessels were the tugs Fl. S. Lockwood
and Kentucky and the barges City of
Maiden. City of Boston and Lermond.
The tugs were seized in the harb0r here.
The Lermond was taken at New Bedford,
Mass, and the other two barges at New
London, Conn.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
PLAN STRIKE VOTE
ON EXPECTED WAGE CUT

CHICAGO, June 10 (Associated
Press)-WhiIe three sets of strike
ballots rolled into Chicago head
quarters of the six railway shop
crafts unions, three other railway
labor organizations were preparing
today TO call for strike vote fol-
lowing an anticipated wage reduc-
tion expected from the railroad Ia
bor board tomorrow. The new de-
cisiGn, which is expected to cut
from $30,0O0,OO0 to S40,O00, 900
from the pay of 325,OOO clerks, sig
naimen and stationary firernen and
oilers, will complete a series of three
wage reduction orders, all effective
July 1.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
DREDGE BEGINS
TREASURE HUNT
Searching Ontario River for Golden
Vessels Lost by Early Jesuit
Missionaries

OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES, Ont, June
I5-The dredge Baltic started today to
search the bottom of the Wye river for
an iron chest believed to hold golden
altar vessels and documents telling of
the early struggles of Jesuit mission
aries among the Huron Indians. Early
historical documents of the Society OF
Jesus describe the overturning of a
canoe and the sinking of the chest.
Church historians hope to find in the
chest manuscripts which viii give more
light on the deeds of the early Christian
missionaries.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
WEEKS DEPLORES
NATIONS TREND
Tells Western Reserve Stu
dents Government Struc-
ture is Weakening
NOT IMPROVING
WORK OF FATHERS
Secretary of War Cites Direct Primary
Bloc" Agitation and Readiness tC
Amend Constitution as Evidence OF
National Drift

CLEVELAND, June Is. (Assoeiated
Press. "A pessimistic view of some of
the predominant tendencies of American
political thought was voiced today bv
Secretary of War Weeks at the com
mencement exercises of Western Re-
serve university, He declared the drift
of recent years was gradually weaken
ing the nation s governmental structure,
by undermining the constitution and
sweeping away the principles of party
responsibility. The direct primary,
q bloc" agitation, and the country s
readiness to accept constitutional
amendments were instanced by the
speaker as furnishing evidence that the
government was heading awav from its
ancient safeguards and toward complete
social democracy In its attempt to
improve upon the work of the fathers
by amending the constitution, the secre-
tary said, the country had "failed sig
nally.'
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
FOUR MILLS START
IN RHODE ISLAND
Plants Controlled by Goddard Bros.
Opened Today Piciets
Are Busy

PAWTUCKET, r. J., June l5-Four
cotton mills and a bleachery, all con
trolled by Goddard Brothers, were
opened today in the Blackstone valley
textile strike area. Officials of the
United Textile Workers of America as
serted that few workers reported Mill
officials would make no statement. Pic
kets were out in force at two mills and
the bleaehery in Lonsdale as well as the
mills in Berkeley and Ashton, but
deputy sheriffs on duty at the plant per-
mittcd only five pickets at each gate,
There was no disturbance.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
Found Something. Anyway.

You remember that handsome
watch | lost five or six years ago?'i
asked Graves.
Yes, | recall the occurrence" re.
piled his friend
. You remember how / looked high
and low for it and could not find it any
- remember your diligent and ex-
haustive search. -
- Well, yesterday put on an old waist
eoat that | hadn t worn for years and
what do you think | found in the poe
ket2''
Your watch; let me congratulate
" No / found the hole I must have
lost it through.-Pittsburgh Chronicle
Telegraph.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
EDWARDS FAVORS
TRAINING YOUTH
Hase Been at War One Year
Out of Every Six

NORTHFIELD, Vt, June 15-This
country has been engaged in war one
year out of every six of its existence and
has long list of unnecessary dead,
lIaj. Gen Clarence r. Edwards, COM
utander of the first army corps area, de-
ared today in an address before gradu-
ating class of Norwich university. The
general advocated military training for
the youth of the nation.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
CONTINUED on Page 81
CHILD HURT IN
AUTO ACCIDENT
Eight Stitches Taken in Closing Wound
in Face-Mrs. 0rrin Winchester
Drives Against Bridge
Especial to The Reformer. J
BELLOWS FALLS. june /

bFLIlOWS FALIS, june 10.
Mrs. Orrin Winchester. who lives be-
tween here and SaxtOns River village.
late yesterday afternoon was driving her
Ford car toward home from here and
when entering the Sabin covered bridge
suddenly came upon another car coming
III the opposite direction. In trying to
avoid it she crashed into the side of the
bridge, damaging her car to the extent
of $3.50. She had her little girl of four
years with her and the child received a
serious wound in her face recurring
eight stitches to be taken by DR.. Bowen,
who was called to attend her. The other
car bore a Vermont number plate, 1912,
and contained two men.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
JESS WILLARD SAYS
DEMPSEY'S AFRAID OF HIM

Los ANGELES, Cal, June IS.
jess Willard, former heavyweight
champion pugiIist, in a statement
published today by the Express ac-
cused Jack Dempsey, present cham
piOn, of ''dodging' a return match
with Willard. Local sports follow
ers consider Wizards statement AN
open challenge to Dempsey.
Dempsey and Kear1rs fear me
and have been dodging return
match with me since Dempsey won
the title" Wizards statement
charged.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
FARM BUILDINGS BURNED.
Fire of Unknown Origin at Fred Moses
Place i'm WaIpOle.
Especial to The Reformer.) }
WALPOLE. n. H, June IL

The farm house and outbuildings of
Fred Moses in the southeast part of
Walpole on the farm, known as the Roy
farm, were entirely destroyed by fire
yesterday morning. Mr.. Moses and his
wife were away from home, and his
brother, George, was looking after the
stock. The fire originated IN the dwell
ing, and all the furniture, personal eff
fects, farming tools and machinery were
destroyed. The origin is unknown.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
LABOR NOT TO
CHANGE ITS FORM
Resolution to That End De-
feated in Federation
Convention
MOVE TO COMBAT
OPEN SHOP TREND
Atlantic City Asks to BE Considered as
Seat of 1928 Gathering - Attempt to
AmaImagate All Unions in Organiza-
tions Covering Various Industries

CINCINNATI June Is ASSOCIATED
Press s)-Without opposition or debate
the American Federation of Labor con-
vention here today killed a resolution
proposing a radical change in the form
of the organized labor movement in the
United States by the amalgamation of all
unions into single organizations, each
covering an industry. The resolution was
introduced by E. H. Fitzgerald and
others representing the railway clerks
In reporting the resolution adversely
from the organization committee Sara
Conboy of the United Textile Workers
said the departments of the federation
were created along industrial lines.
Atlantic City today asked that it be
selected as the seat for the 1923 conven-
ton Another resolution was adopted
pledging labor to an intensive organl-
zation to combat the open shop y.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
LIQUOR BUSINESS GOOD.
Quebec Commission Reports Big Surplus
After Paving Debts.

MONTREAL, June 15.-The surplus
of the Quebec liquor commission for the
first year of its operation, despite contri-
buttons to educatio institutions and
cial debt. probably will amount to more
than S5.5OO.OOO.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
FIVE ARRESTS MADE.
Police Take in Several at Lawrence Dur,
ing Demonstration.

LAWRENCE. Mass, June 15-Five
arrests were made at The Pacific print
works this morning during a demonstra-
tion by pickets aimed at few who are
said to have been going into the plant
to work Mill officials estimated the
number of pickets as the largest of the
entire strike thus far.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
Methodist Episcopal Church

Thursday, June is. 8 p. m.-The
WOmen's Foreign Missionary society
will meet with Mrs. Andrew Olson of 3
Myrtle street.
Friday, 7.30 p. m-Prayer meeting in
the vestry.
Saturday, .Tune 17-Group No 2. of
the Ladies Aid society viii hold food
sale on the church lawn Every lady is
asked TO contribute.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
PERMANENT COURT OPENS.
First Business Session at The Hagu ,
Regins Today

THE HAGUE. June Is, (Associated
Press. THE first business session o.
the permanent court of international
Justice began here today. Sir Ernest
Pollock, attorney general OF Great
Britain. delivered an address commend
ing the international efforts of nations
to settle their differences Just as indi-
viduaIs do in court
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
TO STOP OCEAN
LIQUOR SALE
Alabama Representative Introduces Bill
to Prevent its Disbursement on
u. s. Vessels

WASHINGTON. June 15-Defnite
steps through legislation to stop the
sale of liquor upon American ships were
started today through representation by
Representative Bankhead, Democrat of
Alabama. of an amendment to the mer-
chant marine bill which would cut off
the government aid provided in the mea-
sure from any ship carrying intoxicat-
ing liquors or beverages.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
Universalist Church

Thursday, June 10, p. m.-Mission
circle in the vestry.
Thursday evening, June 15-The
Daughters circle will meet in the church
parlors. This is the last meeting before
fall and a full attendance is desired.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
VERMONT ACADEMY WINS.
Defeats Springfield High School 10 TO 4
at Saxtons River.

SAXT0NS RIVER. June 15.-Ver-
mont academy defeated Springfield high
here yesterday 10 to l. Puffer and Lee
clair PLAYED well for Vermont and Gal
lup for Springfield. The score:
Innings p 345 IS 8 RHE
Springfield. 10 0 O O o o o. :
vt. Acadsy, 100 i 0 0 2 0 0--10 6 8
Batteries. Yesman and Gallup; Tiff
fany and Bower.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
EAST DOVER.

Sunday morning worship at il o'clock
with sermon by the pastor, Rev. G. o..
Dunham. The right hand of fellowship
will be given to new members The
church win meet to study the Bible at
noon; Christian Endeavor, 6.45 p. m. :;
vesper. 7.3O D. m. Cottage prayer
meeting Wednesday night at s O'Clock at
the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Sher
man.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
BRATTLEBORO PERSONAL

Mr.. and Mrs. ]. O. Sharkey of Clare
mont. N H.. are visiting this week in
the home of Mr.. and Mrs l.. s. Clapp of
Church place
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
First Baptist Church

Thursday, 8 p. m.-Woman's Society
will meet with Mrs. Z. J. Eddy, II Chest
nut street. Informal reports of state
convention.
Friday. 7.5J p. m.-Regular church
prayer meeting.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
C0nsoling Him.

MY DEAR moaned the patient, as
he tossed restlessly on his bed. cit s
the doctor I'm thinking of. His bill
will be terrible.''
Never mind. Joseph. - said his wife
consolingly. - You know there 5 the
insurance money. London Answers.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
BROKER \ SUICIDE
BrOCI1Ifne Man Found Dead Under Sus-
DiciOus Circumstances

BOSTON, June 15-John S. Twombly,
IT. of Brookline, broker, was found
dead in his Office today His hand
cIutched a revolver and there was a bull
let hole in the roof of his mouth.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15

A waterspout spins with enormous
speed It's velocity at the sea level has
been estimated at six miles a minute.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
Red Men S Hall

Friday, June is, p. m.-Special meet
ing of Quonekticut tribe, No 2 Elec-
ton of delegates to the G. Y r. NJ. c. to
be held in Hinsdale July /.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
St. Michael's Church
(Epise6paD

Friday, June 16, at 7.30 p. m.-Eve-
ming prayer.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15

Spanish girls who make the famous
fans of Valencia are paid about thirty
FIVE cents a day.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15

Fifty thousand tons of soap are used
every year by the power laundries in
the United States.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1922-06-15
THE WEATHER.
Fair Tonight and Probably Tomorrow
Variable Winds.

WASHINGTON, June 10 The
weather forecast: Fair tonight, except
probably showers in eastern Maine. Fri
day fair, moderate variable winds.