davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-06-11
Hut Little Chance of
Changing amount.

Unless the French can be l.i:I-
enced there is little chance of imm
diately revamping the reparations in
order to get a loan, for the treaty of
Versailles provides that curtailmcnt
of the reparations requires unani-
nous vote of the reparations body
up until 1926. though a majority of
votes up until that time will permit
a moratorium. With the knowledge
that the allies are not in position to
violate the treaty at the moment and
hardly will act until they may le-
gally do so, France is placed in bet
ter position. The French know that
Germany cannot pay the full $4,000
900, 600, 900 gold marks now. but do
believe that when Germany gets to
going she can settle in full, and the
French are willing TO wait. though by
waiting there may come hardship.
At least the belief Germany can pay
hinders decision to cut reparations
now.
But while France occupies an adj
vantageous position for the moment.
it is dangerous one. and shoVid
France continue to oppose the VIII
of the majority of allies in read
iustment schemes. she faces isola-
ton of extreme character. But with
her political alliances and tremem-
dous lighting forces. France can wen
chuckle at attempts to undermine
domination which she could well en-
force, should the people of France
themselves he convinced that in en-
forcement the best interests of France
alone can be served.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
Move to Standardize
All Radio Apparatus

The National Radio Chamber Of
Commerce is negotiating now with
the various government departments.
such as the bureau of standards, De-
partment of Commerce, United States
Signal Corps and United States Navy
Department, with view to CO.
operating with these departments In
the Standardization of radio appara-
tus, methods of manufacture, meth
DDS of testing. etc The National
Radio Chamber Of Commerce intends
to work with these departments and
assist them in their radio problems.
1t is planned in the very near fu-
ture to have a central testing labora-
tory for radio apparatus SO that the
various members of the National
Radio Chamber of Commerce and any
other manufacturers interested may
avail themselves Of the services of
such a laboratory for the purpose Of
testing. celebrating and making such
researches as may be desEs&
Evening star., 1922-06-11
Research Work Aim

DR.. c. G. Abbot. assistant secretary
of the Smithsonian Institution and di-
rector of the Smithsonian Astrophysical
observatory. will leave Washington to-
morrow for.Mount Wilson, Calf, where
the institution maintains a solar OBJ
serving station at an altitude of $500
feet above sea level. During the field
season DR.. Abbot will carry on re-
searches bearing on the heat of the
stars and the temperature of the sun.
DIR. Abbot also will make further eX-
perimentS with the solar cooker on
which on has been working FOR num-
her of years. This device for cooking
using only the heat of the sun as fuel
was brought to A considera BILE degree
of perfection last year. all of the cook
ing of the field party for the whole sea-
son being done with it. The apparatus
consists of parabolic cylindrical mir
ror with a polished aluminium surface
which focuses the suns rays OH tube
filed with mineral oil which communi-
Gates with an iron reservoir of oil in
which are two baking ovens of different
temperatures. The circulate of thel
heated oil produces a very high tenn
perature in the ovens, which is main.l
tanned for several hours. even after thu
sun has gone down or is covered ty,
clouds.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
What America Is Willing to Do
To Aid in EuroPe's Restoration
(Continued from Page ~

Russian problem could be left to the
certain amelioration of time.
X X x
Europe wants Americas help. Then
let Europe take up these basic po-
litical problems with courage and
vision, and solve them in way to
make American help possible and ef-
fective.
The first question Europe asks will
be: Will America consent to cancel
lation of the debts due her from the
European allies?
That question can be answered, In
part. without further delay. Amer
lea will not consent to cancellation
of single dollar of the Indebtedness
on the ground that the whole of 1t
is not justly and properly due. 1t
will not regard dollar of the in
debtedness as a part of Americas
contribution to the winning of the
war. America believes that the send
ing of two million soldiers to Europe
at cost to the American people of
eighteen billions of dollars discharged
our war obligation in abundant meas
ure; that it was. in fact. larger
contribution than we were called
upon to make gauged either by the
interests we had at stake or the
danger We were in. They will not
forego dollar on the score that it
ever was understood the debt was not
to be repaid. When the European ma
tionS were beseeching US for loans
they never hinted that they had any
idea other than payment in full. To
set up the defense now that they
had mental reservations would be to
convict themselves of having obtained
money under false pretenses.
Whatever of determination exists in
America today to collect the debt
arises a good deal more from resent
ment at Europe's apparent desire to
evade it than from any special eager
ness to recover the money. Amer
leans know that a considerable part
of the debt is probably uncollectable.
They know that only fraction of
what is collectable could be collected
without doing serious injury to Amer
ican industry. They know. too, that
because ofsconditions; in Europe, for
which this debt is in part. but only
in minor part. responsible. they are
losing hundreds of millions of dol
lars through loss of trade and depres-
sion in industry. and that if present
conditions are long continued they
stand to lose much more than is rep
resented by the whole of the debt.
And being practical people, Amer
leans will look at the debt question in
a practical way. They do not be-
lieve. and Europe cannot make them
believe, that European reconstruc-
Evening star., 1922-06-11
BY NELLIE MARGARET SCANLAN
of Wellington, New Zealand

HAVE seen your national game
of base ball for the first time.
We don't play it down there
L where Rugby-and very rugged
Rugby-holds sway. No country has
yet succeeded in wrestling the laurels
from US in that direction. Base ball
seems a cross between cricket and
FOUNDERS, using a tapered rolling pin
instead Of fat bat.
But what I missed most about this
national game was the thrill of
Rugby, the friendly flow of blood. the
frequent trips with the stretcher. the
pause while the tummy or some
winded player was vigorously rubbed.
or that sudden halt when painting
ruggers made of themselves a screen
ing circle while sarortial reinforce
ments were rushed up.
Professionalism in any kind of
sport is anathema in New Zealand.
1t Is sport for sport sake, and a
player accepting money is liable to
be barred for life.
americans aren't lazy, but they
would much rather press the button
and have it done that way. Personal
exertion is not popular. Canned food
Evening star., 1922-06-11

When girls began to bob their hair
the men grew resentful of the intru-
sion into their mode. Now the men
shave their heads, leaving a tiny
dolly of hair on top-a sort of men,
tai mat. These are the ultra mod
crns The old conservatives and
some of the casuals on Capitol Hill
still have a fringe flirting with their
collar at the back. Where person.
ality dominates you forget the cut of
their hair.
Wet days are sufficiently depress-
ing without adding to its gloom with
black umbrellas. American optimism
here shines once again. With pink
and purple, blue and green, they erect
domes of shelter over their heads and
you can almost imagine the sun is
shining.
For weeks Il have watched the
growth of a new church. A hungry
nav chewed out the earth for the
foundations, and bricks and mortar.
marble and steel are being piled and
welded, riveted and bolted into a
stately edifice. But what has struck
me most is that all the negroes work
with gloves on. The gloved hand of
toll has replaced the horny hand.
There is no reason why 1t should not,
but I had never seen it before, not
even in that workers paradise, New
Zealand.
There is a steep bank where the
-
above are enshrined In wondrous
trees. When the sun has gone west
slipped down on that homeward trail
to bring the dawn to southern lands
1 like to pass that honeysuckle wall
in the deepening dusk, when the per-
fume rises into the warm, still night
air. and like sparks from a forge the
fireflies flash their tiny lamps and
disappear. At first / wondered what
they were. Theirs is a light that
does not shine in competition with
the southern cross. We have no fire.
fies. but neither have we wild beasts.
In our vast and extensive bush there
is not one lurking beast of prey, no
bird nor animal to harm you. and
snakes and serpents are unknown.
What is social arbiter in Washing
ton? Are methods and manners. GUS
toms and fashions a composite of
British tradition, elements escaped
from foreign embassies. and a
leaven from the middle west? Are
they dictated by New York or sug-
gested from Smiths Curse or Bad
Bits Bend? After elections you hurl
masses of congressman and their
families, fresh off the turnips. the
simple and gentle, the learned and
the unlearned, into the welter of capi-
tai society. They absorb it like a
sponge and return to their home town.
where it is squeezed out, becomes a
habit and bears. official imprimateur.
1t is a pity to let them think that
dinner frocks in the morning, evening
dress in the afternoon and satin shoes
with sports. clothes bear the seal Of
Evening star., 1922-06-11

be revoked. but what will it avail
them II to give them liberty they are
deprived of life? The treaty of Yer
sailles took great blocks of peoples.
tore them loose from the economic
moorings to which nature and the
habits of generations had attached
them and set them adrift with racial
hatreds and nationalistic prejudices
Intensified and free to work their
inevitable havoc.
This monumental error must be
rectified before the processes by
which Europe lived can be restored.
The productivity and consumptivity
of these people is as necessary to the
life of Europe as a mans vital or
eans are necessary to the life OF his
body, and there can be no restoration
of Europe's general health so long
as these many millions in central and
eastern Europe are paralyzed by the
cruel situation in which they find
: themselves. A possible solution of
the problem may be found in the
lately advanced theory that nations
economic boundaries need not neces,
sarily run parallel with its political
boundaries. The suggestion involves
the creation of economic federations
W hich would permit the free flow OF
commerce without destroying the po-
Iitical liberties of the component
parts 1t would not seem that the
working out of such a program ought
10 present any insuperable difficulties,
especially when the peoples concerned
know, as they know now. that their
very lives depend upon it.
**
Persistent efforts have been made
tn have US believe that the Russian
nroblem must be solved before there
can be a bettering of conditions in
Europe. but study of all the factors
involved does not warrant acceptance
of that doctrine. The chief urgency
in the Russian situation Is due to
the fact that so many millions of
Russians are at the verge of starva-
tion, but the processes now under
consideration would be too long in
fruition to serve their urgent need.
1t IL true, undoubtedly, that pros
Derity cannot be restored TO Europe
IN all It's fullness until Russia has
heen brought back into the comfy
Of nations, but 1t by no means fol-
lows that without her there could
not be a vast improvement in the
General European situation. With
the nations of western. central and
eastern Europe at work again, pro-
..ducing and consuming. exchanging
their products freely. and hopeful Of
the future. a final working out Of the
Evening star., 1922-06-11

1t would he tragic If all English
women felt compelled to wear Queen
Mary hats.
choker Noon and night it nestles
cozily above the topmost rim Of cloth
ing. Fans may sway and gallons of
iced drinks be consumed, but the
choker chokes on. Some day I shall
take my courage In both hands and
ask why there is no closed season for
chokers.
No one has ever accused the Amer
ican man Of possessing that golden
attribute-silence. He has had CEN
turies Of practice, allied to a natural
inclination to become vocal on the
slightest provocation, and to help
himself out he occasionally coins a
new word or two. And some of them
are very apt But, judging broadly.
the average American woman is a
better public speaker than the man.
Your trained politician knows his job.
but when it comes down to the un-
professional talker the woman wears
the laurel. Nor is it wind fried in
oil" 1t is usually backed by knowl-
edge and common sense. In her in
articulate days she has been storing
her mind, and, though you may not
always agree with her, she will claim
your interest, inspire your admira-
tion and convince you of her sincerity
and self lf-confidence. 1 take off my
hat to the American woman.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
America and England
Would Hold BAG.

In short. the English and Amer
cans would be placed in position @
crossing off the German reparatiou
debt. France would not suffer one jo
nor whit. and England and Americ1
would be left with the bag to hol
1t is declared that the French may re
main adamant to adjustment OF repa-
rations unless some way is found t.
solve the international debt question
Even though Paris announces that tn.
bankers may yet find a way to NEE,
French objections and at the same
time grant a loan, there is little rea-
son to expect a satisfactory solution
unless America and England enter
into the question or readjustment of
obligations due each of them from
France.
In SO far as England is concerned
there may be some move along this
line unless the government decides to
abandon the ent statement of Bo
mar Law. that French loans Will stand
unless the United States. in turn. can
cells Britain's debt. But if England
and other countries heed the French
viewpoint il will be because there is
little else for them to do. unless the
government wishes TO break with
France entirely and pursue the sug-
gested course OF alignment with Ger
many. Russia and Italy. Owing 10
the fact that there is strong senti-
ment in England against such a pol
icy. no government would dare break
with France. unless the French actu-
ally commit some act that would be
so flagrantly in violation of British
sentiment as to align all English on
the side of the government. 1t is be
lieved there is only one such move,
that being Frances enforcement OF
further sanctions on the Rhine. And
until the French actually take some
step in this direction it is hardly
probable that Lloyd George will de-
part far from his policy OF attempt
ing to persuade the French to IL &.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
French Independence
Clearly Shown.

French independence Of action was
never more graphically illustrated
than In the past week. during the ses-
sicns of world bankers called in 10
cooperate in the adjustment Of Ger
man reparations in order that large
loan be foatcd 10 aid Germany and
thereby reconstruct the economic fab
ric of the continent as a whole. The
allies, Belgium. Italy and England
decided that the bankers. should have
far-rcachinE powers TO settle the
whole problem. even if it involved tho
curfailment Of reparations, the fral
amount of which incidentally was
left to the judgment of the bankers
themselves. France deinurred and al
most caused the bankers to dissoll
their sessions without taking action
upon the proposition of rendering
Germany loan. 1t would be exceed
lngly unwisr to put through such
proposition without the full Cooper
alton of the allies as a whole. AS .
matter OF fact. the bankers probably
did not wish TO become involved in
any transaction that might be haz-
ardcd by Frances failure to cooper
ate and possible enforcement of sane
tions to compel the Germans to hccI
the strict letter Of the treaty Of Yer
Sdlll"S. Such a venture naturally
would undermine any guarantees Ger
many might arrange. In other word
Just as France, 10y virtue Of her trcmSf
dous political and military strength
prevented decisions al Genoa. SO she
may prevent decisions in regard L.
the loan unless the French position
is adequately protected
And the French viewpoint at th"
moment may be said to be this: TIL
whole financial woof of Europe do
pends upon adjustment of the tremen-
douS burden of debt among the allie
themselves. IF France can get cur
tailment of her debts in England an.
the United States, the French in lii
n easure would be willing to cure
Germany'S obligations
Evening star., 1922-06-11
Many Complications Are Faced
In Effecting Reclassification
CONTINUED from First PageD

of efficiency which employees must
maintain in order to he promoted and
below which they may not fall with
out being denoted.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
Through Antipodean Eyes

Oh, wad some power the giftie gle US
To see oursel's as ithers see us.
It would frae monte a blunder free US.
And foolish notion.
Evening star., 1922-06-11

society. One instinctively looks up
for guidance. OF course, the top shelf
of society does not house all the
paragons. Il would be tragic if all
English women felt compelled to fol-
low ueen Mary in her mode of hats
God forbid. But when the society
writer's are accorded the same dis
cretionary powers as political editors
and poultry experts, and can hit the
high ones If they set bad example,
which may become national institu-
ton if not watched, then will you
tidy up few of the loose ends which
now tend to trip the transient in
society. Lesser countries may be
even more negligent, but America is
too big and too much in the spotlight.
She can not afford to.
The fur choker clings with over
heated pertinacity about the neck of
fair America. The barometer mounts,
the humidity thickens. the perspira-
ton caps; thinner and thinner become
the materials worn, scant is the COW
ering which moistily adheres, every
thing in reason is discarded but the
Evening star., 1922-06-11

to eat, canned music to hear, canned
brains to calculate, too much trouble
to go to the theater, just sit at home
end listen-in to the concert. I am
hourly Expecting the arrival Of the
electrified golf club to speed the ball
surely on it's way and the magnetic
hole to draw tho hating putt till it
safely goggles homo. This would
eliminate many Of the troubles Of the
first seven years Of golf. which are
generally regarded as the worst.
Evening star., 1922-06-11

IN HROCGH sheer circumstance
and political maneuvering
France has won her place in
the sun.
A vast section of the old world
whims and caprices.
Not since the days of the first
empire has French influence been so
paramount as at the moment Not
since the days of Napoleon has her
military been so able to back politi-
cal powers.
Alliances with other powers have
the future of majority of nations
of the continent
Her diplomacy has penetrated here
tofore unavailable recesses. until to-
day the destines of tens of millions
Of people. it may be said, can be
controlled through decisions Of Quai
d'Orsay.
Immediately after the declaration
Of the armistice in the world war
France set about to fortify herself
against future dangers east of the
Rhine. That this protection be made
permanent. her diplomats and secret
agents worked in the countries of
This bloc, it was hoped. would cur
tail German expansionist schemes,
which, it is declared. were largely
responsible for the world conflict. In
the councils of the allies she set in
motion far-reachng plans looking
toward. not only protection, but prog
ress of the French people. Whether
it was Clemenceau, Legyues or
BRAND the French always have kept
one goal in mind. True. concessions
were forced from France in delibera-
tions with other allies. but in these
concessions France gained other
things to counterbalance supposed
losses
France has given and taken in
minor deliberations and in the set
tlement of those questions which
would play but little part in the
future development of France. But
in the major premises France has not
given and ever has been ready TO re-
ceiye much.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
FRANCE NOW In POSITION
TO DICTATE in EJJkOPE
Political Alliance and Tremendous Mill.
tary Makes independence of Action
in Future Comparatively Safe.

Potncare undoubtedly intends 70 en-
nance rather than curtail the fonCh
viewpoint in reconstruction.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
Most Other Powers
Curtail Military.


Other powers of Europe have cur
tailed their fighting machines. Even
England, which after the war had a
military and naval force, the greatest
in her history, has curtailed each of
these. At least England today is
maintaining forces only sufficient to
guard her outlying possessions and
they do not approach the size of the
French military forces. In most other
countries of Europe peoples and gov
ernments have followed the footsteps
of England and have reduced fighting
strength to the smallest possible
number. The spirit of the peoples is
against war in any shape or form. and
governments giving life to national
desires have set about reduction
processes. France could. if she dared.
march from one end of the continent
to the other without serious
hindrance.
Fortified with one of the greatest
armies in the history of the world
and with political alliances which in
volve the closest offensive and de-
fensive cooperation with Poland, Ru-
mania and Jugoslavia. which in turn
may dominate Greece through friend
ly support. the French are in position
to make far-reaching demands, and
Evening star., 1922-06-11
Political Domination
Frances Chief Goal.

Political domination of the old
world which would insure future
protection for France has been the
one goal constantly before Paris. no
matter who might be premier for the
moment. and today it may be said
that goal is at hand if it has not
been fully realized through well
knit system of alliances, treaties
and agreements.
With the assumption of reins of
government by Poincare the French
became adamant against concessions
which in anywise would relieve Ger
many of the burdens imposed in the
treaty of Versailles. and which would
permit Germany to become going
concern once more. France. TO pro-
tect the French in future generations,
Is not at all concerned as to whether
Germany ever fully RECEIVERS, Ger
many which four times in past years
has swept down over France with
consequent destruction and woe to
the French people.
The full force of French political
influence is realized today. Particular
ly did it become pronounced after the
Genoa sessions. where, it may be said.
the French blocked any effort looking
toward individual national conces-
sions as advocated by Lloyd George.
to gain early and quick recovery of
Europe. 1t was a French victory, and
even though other powers threatened
alliances isolating France. these
threats did not influence Poincare in
the least. nor will they do so in the
future.
The French position is. unusual
Today. Notwithstanding the claims
that France cannot advance without
f,,1l of at inr1C c
and her treme ndous obligations as the
result of German perfidy. the French
maintain the largest standing army
in Europe and can obtain 100000
men shortly after mobilization. All
branches of the French military ma
chine today are better developed than
at any time in history of the nation.
Furthermore, military advancement
has not lessened one whit even though
some show of reducing the army has
been made by shorter periods of
service with the colors.
Evening star., 1922-06-11
BY HENRY ". BUNN.

HE following is brief summary or
the most important news Of the world
for the seven days ended June 10:
Evening star., 1922-06-11
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.

. HROUGH sheer circumstance
and political maneuvering
France has won her place in
Evening star., 1922-06-11
BY G.. GOULD LINCOLN.

Ow would you like to be a
- child of five. compelled to
work six and even eight