davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-05-14
To Make Special Study
OF Central America.
formation to escort the transport to

formation to escort the transport to
her dock.
The best bombing record for the
Aberdeen proving grounds was mace
on April 6, when total of seven hits
corded. The bombs were dropped
from an altitude of 1000 feet on a
concrete block 200 feet square. The
eighth bomb missed the target by
approximately two feet.
A new radio station has been opened
at the airship field at Aberdeen, Nd,
with an SCR 1O9 set as the main
operating equipment. A wave length
of $50 meters has been assigned TINS
set by the signal officers of the 3rd
Corps area.
There are now 1876 students under
going instruction at the A. S. me
chanics' school. at ChaDhte Field
Rantoul Ill, and 225 awaiting in
struction. The first class of men VINO
were enlisted in the recent recruiting
campaign were graduated on May IL.
The next class will graduate on June
26. and classes will follow throughout
the year at periods of two weeks.
Orders in effect at the Fairfield air
intermediate depot, Fairfield. Ohio,
reOulr6 InaC dll pllOlS Iudhc a. ASooe
one cross-country flight each month
for a distance Of not less than 100
miles, and that during the course
of these flights they will endeavor to
locate desirable landing fields. If a
field is deemed Of sufficient impor-
tance the pilot will report partlcu-
lars concerning same.
Reserve officers from all branches
of the service visited Kelly Field re-
Gently. The party, sixty in all, wit,
messed the formation of DIS and
LXBIA's. The commanding officer OF
Dthe field guided the party down the
line. describing each event that took
niace. Much interest was taken in
the flight of a car which demonstrat-
ed the psychological effect Of low,
harassment plane on ground troops.
Much has appeared in the news
papers of late concerning the night
of the Sperry messenger to the Ma
tional Capital grounds. AS further
evidence that this little three-cylin-
der-engined plane can be readily
landed in restricted areas, flying
messenger officer at Mitchell Field,
Long Island, on April IL experienced
motor trouble and was unable to
reach the main field. He landed in the
hospitaI grounds, however, without
difficulty. There are three messenger
Names doing development work at
Mitchell Field and all are making
daily flights. -
Evening star., 1922-05-14

OF seaplanes to be constructed Of dura-
irmln to be used by the fleet for spot
tlng gunfire at long ranges. The con-
struct1on of aircraft in duralumin is a
new departure for this firm. which
heretofore has constructed airplanes OF
ordinary wood and wire type. such as
the well known Martin bombers which
were used in the recent bombing tests
against ex-German ships.
A sample machine built entirely of
i..etal Ior experimental torpedo carry
Ing SeapianeS is now under flight tria is
Inc advantages of metal ships over
thoSe constructed of wood are especial.
iy important for tropical service.
Asserting that the question of fuel
for the Navy is second in importance
only to personnel requirements.
Secretary DENLY. Assistant Secretary
Roosevelt, Admiral Coontz and other
ofhcers of the Navy made an urgent
appeal before the Senate COMMITTEES
| last week for an increase of $4,000.
600 in that item.
II was shown by the testimony
tnat the amount carried in the House
bill did not represent the estimates
submitted by the Navy, but did show
what resulted when the House COM
mlttee on appropriations insisted on
having estimates for 5000 men, 1a
! battleships. 65 torpedo boats, etc,
The testimony before the House COM
mlttee, 1t was explained clearly
shows that the Navy department es-
timated s17,000,000 for fuel for a re-
duced Navy. whereas the request
| made for the 100000 increase is
based on an S6,000-man navy and the
conference fleet.
1t was shown that there is COM
paratively small supply of coal on
the Pacific coast, amounting to possi-
bly, two years supply in'time of peace,
but not over four months supply in
case of war. Officers considered il
short-sighted policy to overlook
the necessity of supplying proper re-
serve for fuel
Evening star., 1922-05-14
THE NAVY

It Is expected that in the near fu-
ture naval aircraft will be built OF
natal to an increasing extent. The
development of metal aircraft has
been made possible by the Navy De-
nartment, in that the special alloy
metal, duralumin, originally developed
in Germany, has been introduced to
United States manufacturers in con-
nection with the construction Of rigid
airship FRI at the naval aircraft fac
tory, Philadelphia,
Aircraft manufacturers have been
invited to observe the metal work
that is going on in the naval factory,
where metal wings. pontoons and
other parts for seaplanes are being
fabricated. This work has now pro-
crossed to the point as stated by ma
val officers, that duralumin OF proper
quality and in all the useful shapes
is now available to any. aircraft
builder from at least two CONNER
cial sources.
A prominent airplane manufacturer
has undertaken the development for
l$ho obnyAaA OF -asSonauttcSso sof a number
Evening star., 1922-05-14
THE ARMY

With view Of carrying out the
several missions Of the Army in the
most economical and practicable man
ner, a number Of organizations have
been consolidated and stations aban-
doned. As transportation funds are
limited, only such changes were COM
pleted as could be accomplished either
by marching or at small transporta-
tion cost.
The decision has been reached to
remove troops. as far as practicable,
from unsatisfactory temporary can
tonments to permanent posts. FRO.
viding there is no further material
reduction in the Army. there will be
inforced brigade, with all arms repre-
sented, which will be available for
assisting in the training of the
citizen army. Although this duty Is
considered the primary mission OF the
Regular Army, the troops must be SO
distributed that portions MS are re- I'M I'M
enssedS Tnieed states. sases A u ' INC
show the following list Of changes
in the Sd Corps area: Corps area
headquarters TO De TeIuOVcu ATOLl
Fort Howard to Baltimore: units of
1st Division to Edgewood Arsenal,
Md, 1st Field Artillery Brigade
headquarters (reduced); 9Th Field
Artillery and 1st Ammunition Train,
LIST Medical Regiment, Carlisle, Pa;
the 18th Infantry, now at Camp
Meade. Nd, will be stationed at Fort
Howard, Md; Fort Washington, Va,
and Camp Eustis, Va. The 34th In
fantry, now atSFort Hamilton, Wads-
worth, Ontario, and Madison barracks,
New York, and Fort Howard. Md,
will be assembled at Camp Eustis, Va.
The I'd Battalion, Sd Field Artillery.
at Fort Myer, Va, will become the
I'd Battalion, I'd Field Artillery, one
Of the regiments to be reconstructed.
As announced by the War Depart
ment, orders will be issued in the
near future for some Of the changes
under this plan, but no changes will
be made which might interfere with
plans for summer camps, or be un-
desirable in event Of further reduc-
tion Of the Army.
In the retirement of Harry 8. New
from the Senate, the Army of the
United States. particularly the Ma
tional Guard and Reserve compo-
nents, will lose from the Senate mill
tary committee a stanch friend and
advocate. New Is q veteran of the
Spanish h-Amerfcsn war, having served
in the Indiana National Guard. Those
no5EhimlnttmatelYAyeenotssr.
Evening star., 1922-05-14
Why Retail Prices of Commodities Continue High
Despite the Great Decline in Wholesale Prices

concluded Mr.. Babson. "the chain
store and the mail order house with
their centralized buying and cash and
carry system is rapidly invading every
shopping center in the country. to-
gether with some department stores
which are now following a scientific
merchandising policy
Personally. l am sorry to see this
change brought about. Our communi-
ties will ultimately be better off with
individual stores owned by local peo-
pie than by chain stores and mail
order houses controlled by outside
corporations; but I predict that for
the present, local merchants to win
must reverse their merchandising
systems"
Evening star., 1922-05-14
ARMY AND NAVY NEWS
BY MAJ. ARTHUR G DUNCAN, q. g. r.. Il

prised that he takes his hat off to
the winner" as true sportsman
nor are they unfamiliar with his
Keen sense of seeing that justice is
zone, particularly in matters per-
tanning to the Army. 1t is believed
In some quarters that Senator New
early refused the appointment as Sec
Ietary or War, evidently preferrine
10 serve out his term in the Senate.
Under the announced policy of the
war Department of making no an
polntments of chaplains until the
excess occasioned by the reduction.
coiored chaplain will be available to
take the place of Chaplain Oscar j.
w. Scott (colored), 10th Cavalry. who
recently retired on account of physi-
cal disability incident to the service.
me retirement of Chaplain Scott will
prooaply result in a white chaplain
Delng assigned to duty with the 10th
cavalry. II this is done, the expert
.nent Will be watched with interest,
1or very many officers who have
served with colored regiments have
expressed the belief that the right
hlna OF white chaplain could be emf
hently successful in serving negro
troops, and-a the same time coIIS
minister to the white officers and
their families.
upon RECOMMENDATION of tho in
Iantry board, steps are being taken
70 secure khaki cloth of mora ner-
!nanent color. To this end, the quar-
!ermaster general has been author
rad ,sed 20 equip service laundries with
re.oye1nE apparatus and to obtain
oetter dyes, in order that Clothing
aiready In the hands of troops NAV
pc treated to give a more satisfac-
tory and uniform color,
Air pilots will hereafter accustom
themselves to flying compass
course and make sure that the Com
passes in their airplanes are properly
calibrated before departure. The
standard method of celebration is by
means OF base on which the points
OF the compass have been accurately
laid out for each 80 degrees. The
habit OF flying entirely by map, with
out regard to compass bearing, may
often introduce an unnecessary haz-
ard in the event of unexpected wealth
er conditions. An unadtusted COM
pass may be as much as 80 to 40 de-
grees off its reading, whereas the
same instrument with little atten-
tion will indicate under all normal
conditions within a degree or two
the correct heading.
In preparation for the recent ar
rival of the new Philippine depart
ment commander, Maj. Gen. w. w.
Wright, who sailed from the states
on the transport Thomas, arrange
|ments- -Melez@ada.4 e1e2enspl2nA
Evening star., 1922-05-14
MARINE CORPS

Maj. Gen. George Barnett, in COM
mand of the department of the
Pacific, is in Washington on leave and
will join his class at the Naval
Academy for the cruise on board the
naval transport Henderson to Japan.
leaving Hampton Roads May 90. Gen.
Barnett while commandant OF the
Marine Corps established an unusual
record in seeking annual appropri-
ations from Congress for his corps by
presenting his case In such a clear
and concrete manner that his re.
quests for funds were usually
granted.
Evening star., 1922-05-14
fewer MEN JOBLESS.
Report Shows April Employment
Gain Greatest of Year.

April has shown the greatest gain
in employment throughout the coun-
try of any month since the first of the
year, E. E.. Hunt, secretary of the
Presidents conference on unemploy-
ment, declared yesterday in slatc-
ment.
Employment, he said, is showing a
steady and sustained gain, April re-
ports being the most encouraging of
the year and clearly indicate the up
ward trend of industry and business.
Reports from thirty-four states and
the District of Columbia, he declared.
showed that for every 100 jobs listed
during the month there were $50
applicants, as against 1S2 in March,
205 in February. and s26 in January.
This, he added. is a decrease of 80
per cent over the number appearing
for work during the first four months
pf th4- -yean = .-:.tF
Evening star., 1922-05-14
Women and Public Affairs
New Voters Taking an Active Part in Senatorial
Primaries, and Have the Leaders of Both
Parties on the Anxious Seat.

committee is making a strong ap-
peal to women under the direction
of Mrs. Mary 8. Veenhiet of Alpena
to participate actively and directly
In the campaign and Is organizing
Townsend committees throughout
men and women on each committee.
Another active worker in Senator
Townsend's cause Is Mrs. E. L. Cal
kins of Ypsilanti, president of the
Women's Christian Temperance
Union.
Among tho Pennsylvania women
characterized by the state machine
managers as tho Pinchot pink tea
cabinet" and the society machine"
are Mrs. George Horace Lorimer, Mrs,
Frank Miles Day, Mrs. Frank Griswold,
Mrs. Reed A. Morgan. Mrs. Walter 8.
Thompson, Mrs. John c. Groome, Mrs,
Bessie Dobson A1temus, Mrs. Frank
Pardee. Mrs. Thomas Fuller. Mrs.
Worthington Scranton and Mrs Mary
Finn Lawrence, daughter of William
Finn. '
Mrs. Mary Roberts Rinehart Of
Pittsburgh has Joined the Pinchot
forces, and last week issued a cali
to the republican women Of Penn
sylvania calculated to appeal to wom-
an voters everywhere.
Mrs. Rinehart warned tho woman
voters that efforts were being made
to 'bamboozle' republican women
''and men, too. who are not profess
sional politicians" by trying to make
1t appear that Mr.. Pinchot was not a
regular" republican.
Mrs. Rinehart and Miss Freida Mil
Ter, the latter representing~th the Wom-
ems Trade Union League, were among
the speakers at Pinchot mass meet
ing in Philadelphia last Friday night.
X X
In Missouri also the women are ION
guard" In protest against the nomi-
nation by President Harding of Nat
Goldstein. the admitted recipient OF
$2.600 Of tho Lsowden campaign fund,
q revelation which resulted in the
withdrawal Of former Gov. Lowden
as a presidential candidate at the re-
publican convention in 1920, the st.
Louis League Of Women Voters sent
a telegram of protest last week to
Senator Pat Harrison OF Mississippi,
who was leading the fight against
GOldstein in the Senate.
The telegram was presented by Sem
ator Harrison and read into the Con-
gressional Record last Tuesday. On
the following day Senator Spencer of
Missouri presented the letter Of Mr..
GoldGtejp to tha Rre0dant declining
4he10N10A0An6 J.. 49,.
Evening star., 1922-05-14

ISCUSSING the general trend
of the business reyivals.
Roger W. Babson, the sta
tistician, yesterday pointed
out one Of the factors that Is holding
up prices and living costs.
wherever I have been on my trip
these past three months" said Mr..
Babson. complaints have come from
all sources of the high retail prices
Now. there is no gainsaying the fact
that retail prices are. out Of line with
wholesale prices. There has not been
a reduction in retail prices to corre-
spond with the reduction in whole
sails prices. A part of this difference
is perfectly natural as movements in
retail prices, must Of necessity lag
from six months to q year behind
changes in wholesale prices, But
even allowing for this natural lag.
statistics indicate that the retailer
has not yet made the readjustment
which has been made by the whole
saler. This is an established fact and
it is useless for retailers to claim
otherwise. Whether retailers are to
blame for not making this readjust-
ment is, however, a debatable ques-
tion. My Investigations thus far lead
mo to believe tho retailer is not to
blame. but is a victim of certain eco
nomic changes which have taken
place during the past few years.
Profits Made on Lumber.
TN the lumber regions Of the south
which visited recently standard
hard Pine at the mill increased dur
ing the war from 100 to 200 per cent
over pfe-war levels. Today 1t is back
to normal. The lumber industry,
however, has had practically only one
main factor to contend with, namely,
the price it pays for labor. Three
years ago these mills were paying So
to 81 a day per man, now they are
paying from 81 to $1.50 a day and
are getting much better men. By
being able to quickly cut their oper-
ating costs SO drastically Il has been
q simple matter for them to reduce
tho price Of their product. Moreover,
their volume is such that they are
perfectly satisfied with profit at 81
per thousand feet.
"when thfs lumber reaches tho city
tho retailer demands>a profit Of $40
per thousand simply for peddling it
out. OF course, from an economic
point of view it seems absolutely un-
lust that the man who owns the
forest, cuts the timber, makes and
delivers to your city the lumber
should get only 50 a thousand while
the retailer in your town who simply
takes 1t from the railroad yards to
your house gets $40 per thousand
Yes, this seems very unfair, yet ex-
animation shows that most mill own
ers have become wealthy, while only
q very few local lumber dealers have
ever made much money, and the
percentage Of failures among lumber
yards Is abnormally great. In short,
the retailer, under present economic
conditions. really needs this apparent
ly abnormal profit which he is get
ting. The truth Is that retailing has
become so complicated that the re-
taller is the victim Of circumstances
over which he has little control.
story Of a Butcher Shop.
my thoughts" continued Mr.. Bah
Ieouk go haale ~ hoyhead AAQA 81
Evening star., 1922-05-14

movies. Telephones, high schools and
credit systems are wonderful inven-
tions. but they all tend to increase
the cost of distribution. The retailer
is up against fashions and customs
which have bound him with ropes
that are almost too strong to break.
What the future will bring forth do
not know. 1t, however. is evident that
the retailer Is not to blame for pres
ent conditions. You and I, as fathers
and mothers. are to blame. Our high
schools are to blame. Retail prices
can be reduced only as the spirit Of
work, thrift and usefulness again per-
vades the community.
ITO meet this abnormal condition
and the resulting high cost Of living"
Evening star., 1922-05-14

% s sss s
he can dispose of his pursuers and SO rid him
self of alarums and the necessity OF constant
rear guard action, SO 'exhausting even to the
These speculations are not idle. for tho fate
of Chang Tso-Lin is very important to China
. Chang find himself back in A1ukden with a
sizable and loyal army, It seems likely that
missing him from the post of inspector gen
eral of Manchuria, and while doubtless pro
Wii s1ns set 70 up % as suf
Manchuria. situation which. for all Japans pi
dsp1easine to '0g JAPAN M dn saying this DO
not impute turptude/ to the Japanese.) For
Se se oas s to is
plans for the eighteen provinces
United States of America.-Ever since jan
uary 81, when Judge Lands. as arbiter
rendered an award in wage dispute between
building trades unions and contractors In Chi
cago, the trades unions certain elements
thereof, have been in resentful mood, a mood
, heightened by the efforts of a citizens COM
mttee to enforce the award. Among the
means adopted by the committee was the
declaration of open shop against twelve
unions. The resentment found extreme ex-
preston on the night of May $40. when sew,
and policemen performing their duty in the
circumstances Were killed Thereupon. the
,eei the several @ I Offices. clubs and haunts Of the
dissatisfied unions and made an extraordlnary
OF sd to of the
officials calling them pseudo labor-leaders'
controlling bands Of hoodlums and ex-con-
vcts."
Justice is acting with model swiftness
Already eight indictments for murder have
been presented by the grand jury, three of
those indicted being union officials
X X X
speaking union luncheon in London the other
day. Lord Lee said that at only five Of the
sixty-eight dinners he attended at Washington
during the period of the recent conference
had he noticed evidence Of "a cataclysmic
revolution in the social habits of the American
people"
The Mauretania has broken by seven hours
the worlds record for the passage between
New York and Cherbourg, doing the 3242
nautical miles in five days. eight hours. fifty
voyage was e5.14 knots bur1ne many VI hours s
27a knots were recorded. The Mauretania
between New York and oueenstown-four
days. ten hours. twenty-one minutes.
for New York from England O. on hers her maiden sdten
trip on May 10. under the White Star flag.
She dar b in the but to
length is 956 feet and her beam 100 feet. The
magnificent suite de designed for use by the
auered worl may be occupied by any one who
has the price.
The French government is erecting powerful
lighthouses below the airways of France.
Already the Paris-London route is salts
factorily equipped. each light having a radius
of twenty miles-but that is only beginning.
Lights with radius of more than 100 miles
are contemplated. Aerodromes will have spe-
cial colored lights. Ultimately the pilot. by
consulting his chart and printed instructions,
will know precisely what spot of France is
below him.
treaty between Poland and Germany re-
specting upper Slesia will be signed at Genoa
within a few days. =
Patriarch Tikhon of tho Russian Church is
to be tried by the supreme soviet revolu-
tionary tribunal for melting resistance to
requistion of church treasures.
Evening star., 1922-05-14
BY BEN MckELwAY.

1
ICOUTH AMERICA has weathered
| the storm OF business depres-
1A sion and unfavorable rates Of
| exchange, and is making head
way toward regaining her place as
one of the most important world
markets. No better recognition of
this fact is afforded than the decision
of the Department of Commerce to
i spend $4,000 the next fiscal year
an increase of $4,000 over the
amount to be expended the present
year-in expanding and developing
its service to American business men
! who trade with the Latin American
republics.
| The increase in appropriation and
| the greater service planned is war
ranted by the demand for informa-
ton concerning Latin American mar
kets. which has been received by
the bureau of foreign and domestic
commerce. as well as by actual con-
ditions of Latin American trade. In
quiries received at the bureau. rang
! ing in character from questions on
| new Latin American tariffs to invest
ment openings, from bankruptcy laws
| to freight charges and market condi-
tions. are coming in at the rate Of
900 or more a week. Our trade with
Latin America in 1921 amounted to IS
per cent of our total world trade.
against 13 per cent in the fiscal year
1894. Exports to Latin America
from the United States during the
calendar year of 1921 amounted to
$s00,000,000. a gain Of 165 per cent
l "a In OF nof
Studying Best Methods
OF Improving Service.
Tho Latin American division of the
bureau of foreign and domestic COM
! merce is planning now how to best
expand its $4,000 increase in appro-
priation to achieve the greatest re-
suits. In line with the general
policy of the bureau, the expansion
in service will consist largely in
strengthening the present organiza-
ton in Latin America rather than
| adding new phases and administra-
tive units. Two additions of note to
| the service, however. probably will
be made. A permanent trade COM
1 missioner. with assistants. will be
| established in Havana, equipped to
| help Americans in their present diff
| fculties as well as those vino enter
| the field of foreign service through
| this nearby market. This office will
| lookout for the other islands Of the
West Indies, which in the past have
| received comparatively little atten-
| ton from the bureau.
| The new post is to be established
| in Colombia. This office will guard
| the commercial interests Of Ameri-
| cans who are entering a field which
| promises well for the future.
To Make Special Study
| OF Central America.
A special study of the commercial
situation in Central America today,
as 1t affects American opportunity,
| will be made, if present plans arc
carried out In addition. the existing
| offices in Latin America will be
strengthened by sending moro trade
commissioners and clerks to Buenos
Aires. Rio de Janeiro. Mexico City.
and other points yet to be desig-
f; mated.
The important work accomplished
| by having trained men in the field,
who report back homo by cable and
| by mail actual conditions of trade. is
| evidenced by the favorable trend in