davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

there, but in 1866 an&1s67, 10
steamers arrived, laden with
passengers and merchandise.
The trade touched high-water
mark in 1867, at which time
there was presented one of the
most extraordinary develop
ments in the history of water
traffic on an inland waterway.
Sometimes there were as many
as 40 steamboats, on the river
between Fort Benton and the
present Dakota boundary, a
distance of 600 miles by river.
As Fort Benton's river traf-
fic grew, its Importance as a
distributing center for an enor-
nous area in the northwest in
creased. During the 70's the
Diamond r and other freight
ing companies with headquar-
tiers there had hundreds of wa
gon trains, pulled by oxen, and
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

prospecting in the mountains to
the southwest and had made a
rich strike. He demanded trade
articles to the value of $1,000
for the gold dust, and being
finally given the goods, depart
ed. The next spring the gold
dust was sent east to the mint
and the return realized was
S1,525. This was the earliest
exchange of gold dust in the
northwestern Rocky Mountain
area, and no more was received
at Fort Benton until 1860.
Arrival of First Steamboat
In 1859 the first steamboat
arrived at Fort Benton from St.
Louis. This was the Chippewa
and it's coming signalized the
coming of a new chapter in the
history of the post, and it also
marked the high point of the
fur trading period. The late
SOS and early COS were the
palmy days of that era at the
fort. The Indians came from
far and near. There were not
only the Blackfeet, but also the
Crows, Kootenais, Flatheads
and Pend d'Oreilles. In those
days a trade" was the occa-
sion of no little ceremony. A
band of Indians, having been
out on a hunt for a sufficient
period to have made a catch of
skins, would return to- the fort.
The morning following their ar
rival the warriors, and even the
women and children, would
paint their faces and dress in
the best of their barbaric cos
and move in a body to
the gates. First came the chief,
clad in buckskins and beadwork
porcupine quill ornamental
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

ifornia. Fortunes were made
there and merchant princes
gathered fortunes. It earned
the reputation of being the
richest town per capita in the
world.
Then came the railroads and
the end of river traffic. Dur
ing the sos the town began to
lose ground. Gradually its pop
ulation has diminished. But,
today, three-quarters of a CEN
fury after the fort was built
there, it remains the most in
%teresting spot from a historic
standpoint in the northwest,
with a wealth of romance and
tradition behind it that is
equalled by few towns in
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

mules hauling freight as far
north as the Hudson Bay posts
in Canada and as far south as
Utah. Contracts for hauling
all freight to Indian agencies
and army posts in the northern
Rocky Mountain region were let
at Fort Benton. One firm of
traders there supplied the
Royal Northwest Mounted Po-
lice of Canada with equipment
and provisions and even acted
as paymaster to the force.
In those days Fort Benton
was a booming and colorful
frontier town. It's population
included Mexicans and Span
iards from the south, French
voyageurs from Canada, In
dians and half-breeds of every
western tribe, Yankees from
the Atlantic seaboard, Missou-
rians and gold miners from Cal
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

dians in trade relations with
this hostile tribe, Culbertson
soon succeeded the first factor
of the company, Kenneth Nc
Kenzie, in supreme command in
the fur trade. Ten years later,
because of the growing impor-
lance of the Blackfeet trade,
it became necessary to remove
headquarters higher up the
river than Fort Union, and
Fort Benton gradually grew
into chief Importance.
This fort had an enclosing
wall $50 feet square. 1t was
built of adobe blocks, or sun
dried bricks, for the manufac-
ture of which Mexican labor
was imported from the south
west. The walls of the fort
were 80 inches in thickness, and
at two corners of the enclosure,
diagonally opposite from each
other, were two bastions, in
which were mounted cannon
which commanded the walls
outside the fort.
Between 1916 and 1860 In
dian trade at Fort Benton was
carried on profitably to the
American company, and until
about this time the post con-
tinued to grow in Importance
as a receiving point for furs
and robes, but in 1856 there
was an incident outside of the
usual routine of the garrisons'
experience that was destined to
mark the beginning of a new
period in the development of
the west. This was the arrival
of a mountaineer, one Silver
thorne, at the post, with a buck
skin sack filled with gold dust,
which he wished to exchange
for goods. He said he had been
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08
Waltz to Be Popular
Again, Dancing Masters
Are Telling the World

The old waltz, with its d~ecorous.
dreamy sway, will soon be with US
again. Tradition will reverse itself,
and the new order will give way to
the old grandma and grandpa, who, on
attending a dance, will be able to rec
ognize the steps which were current
during and after their courtship.
That is the dictum of the American
National Association of Masters of
Dancing, which held its convention in
New York recently and whose members
viii in the fall go far and wide and tell
the youngsters and grown-ups what
will be the proper thing to do in the
season.
The 200 delegates. who came from
all parts of the country, admit that
the character of the coming popular
dance is a problem. Most of them
say they prefer educational instruction
TO legislate or other forms of censor
ship.
All claim that the waltz is coming
into its own again. Thomas McDougall
OF Pittsburgh, for instance, a former
president of the association, who has
come up from Miami Beach, where
society rules the dance floor, y
Instead of one waltz an evening.
which no one danced, the dancers now
demand a waltz every third dance. In
my school in Pittsburgh, which is n
of the largest in the country, there are
requests for the waltz than ever
In London, Paris and Ostend.
all of which l visited recently. everyone
was talking about the waltz and its re-
newed popularity. They also agreed
with me when l spoke of the need Of
IN international dance, which the Amer
lean, in a foreign country, could essay
embarrassment"
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

ton. Usually he wore as orna-
ments bear claws, eagle feath-
ers, weasel skins and elk teeth.
He would be armed with bow
and arrows with a large, round
and highly-painted shield and a
lengthy hunting knife.
When close to the fort the
Indians would begin to chant a
song. Then from the cannon
of the fort there roared forth
a salute, the flag was run aloft
and the portals were thrown
open. The factor would emerge
to greet the head chief, and the
latter usually presented the
factor with a fine horse or with
some other valuable gift. The
factor then served the chiefs
with a meal and a dram of
whisky, and after a lengthy and
dignified silence, during which
the pipe was passed, the trade
would begin. In exchange for
the furs, as they were counted,
the Indian would receive trade
balls of lead, weighing one-half
ounce each, and these they pre-
scented at the store in exchange
for goods, which usually were
blankets, cloth, beads, knives,
flint steels, bracelets, rings, etc.
Tobacco Famine
One of the curious happen
ings at Fort Benton in 1862
was a tobacco famine" The
supply of tobacco gave out
in March, and there was
no hope of relief before the ar
rival of the first steamboat in
May. At first little was thought
of the shortage of this article,
but soon the disastrous effects
became evident.
The garrison at this time con-
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08
By EUGENE X. CAMPBELL

"I hear" said the head waiter al
Dinty Moore's famous restaurant as
he took off his apron and signified to
| the assistant meat cook that he was
through for the evening and was about
to start for his home, that the boss
went out this afternoon and bought
himself a half dozen Palm Beach suits
and a box of dizzy silk shirts and q
! couple of pairs of tennis shoes. What
is the idea What / means is, this is
the middle of September and what does
a man want with ice cream suits and
silk shirts when it is toe late in the
season for Atlantic City and too early
for Miami and Palm Beach?
you fellows out on the floor" the
assistant cook replied after a moments
thought, ARE so busy raking in the diff
ferent kinds of graft that make up the
principal interest of a walters life that
you frequently fail to observe the plain
significance of events which occur I'M
der your noses. What l mean to say is,
that a man rarely puts OF his thinking
cap whose entire time is devoted to
the sordid business of money grub
bling"
Summer All Summer
"You are especially illuminating this
evening" said the head waiter. What
] mainly like about you is your admir-
able habit of coming briskly to the
point. As you say there is every rea-
son why a successful restaurant keep
er should buy Palm Beach suits in
September"
There Is" said the assistant cook,
eff, as in the case in point, he is not
going to Palm Beach, but on the con
trary to China and to the a~ntipodes,
where, If you understand me it will be
summer all summer while 1t is all next
winter here"
"I had heard" said the head waiter,
assuming quickly his most knowing pro-
fessional demeanor, that Jiggs, our
most inveterate patron, and his wife
Maggie were about to start on a tour
around the world. Are you seeking to
inform me that our estimable propri-
etor Dinty Moore is to be a member
of their entourage?"
Jlggs' Dependency
mo-" said the assistant cook, 81 am
not informing you that Dinty Moore
is going as a member of any mans
although / realize that ev-
cry person who has the fixed habit
Of tip snatching becomes an easy VIC
tim to its fellow vice of jumping at
Mr.. Moore is going to
the orient ON his own as the service
able phrase is. Jiggs is party to the
secret or in on the play as we say on
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08
Dimey Moore to Travel, Too;
Jiggs Sure of Favorite Dish

vivacious Broadway. But I charge
you here, and most urgently, that his
wife must gather no inkling of it."
at is like this" he explained as the
waiter stood silent before him. ap-
parently fearful that word he
might interpolate might shut off the
flow of new and personal information.
'Jiggs was in here the other night
and in discussing his projected tour of
he world fell into a state of despond-
ency when the thought occurred to him
suddenly that until his globe encircling
journey brought him to the shores Of
ireland he would not have, after lesv-
ing the United States, any chance to
square himself before a dish of good
old fashioned corned beef and cab
bage.
"Dinty, 1 need not tell you, stepped
nobly into the breach. He promised
that, t%ranspire what might, Jiggs
should have his corned beef and cab
bage as he j%ourneyed from country to
country and that upon his arrival in
China, the first foreign land he is to
visit. he would find ready there a plen-
tiful portion of his favorite dish pre-
pared after the formula to which he
is accustomed here.
Human Incidents"
"But to promise was one thing and
to deliver the promise was another.
Moore has spent the last three DAYS
~endeavoring to prevail upon a Chinese
restauranteur in this city to put up q
Chinese approximation to corned beef
and cabbage in jars and have it ship
ped to meet Jiggs, or, failing that, to
cable O recipe to some c%ompatriot in
Hong Kong whose courier might meet
Jiggs' ship. He has been ~ucc
So today, proclaiming that as a
OF his word he would travel him
self to all the cities where Jiggs is to
go and prepare Jiggs' favorite delicacy
with his own hands before he would let
him be disappointed, he went out and
engaged his steamship passage and
thereafter laid In the stock of silk
shirts and ice cream suits of which
you already have information"
TN other words" said the head
after adequate thought, at
would seem to me that Jiggs' other
wise purely educational trip around the |
world viii be enlivened from time to !
by human Incidents, that is to say
he and Dinty Moore meet up. |
Exactly" said the assistant cook.
What | means Is, like a patron of this
place who has begun a spirited attack
a dish of our famous speciality and
s ~endeavoring to express his approba-
ton without the formality Of first
swallowing at least some Of Il, you said
whole mouthful then" |
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

sisted of the governor or "bour-
geois;" a clerk, an interpreter,
several carpenters and black
smiths, cooks and hunters; and
some 80 laborers. The fare
was extremely plain, consisting
usually of such game as the
| hunters might procure, and
hominy, although the governor,
clerk and other more impor-
tant employees were also given
rice, sugar, dried fruit and oc-
casionally biscuits. AS the men
were quite closely confined to
the fort, the quality of food
served and lack of entertain
ment made their lives seem
most monotonous. They were
inclined to be disconnected and
quarrelsome, and when their to-
bacco gave out, they began to
grow sullen and morose. Oc-
casionally one of the garrison
would bring forth a small
amount, which he sold readily
for $40 per ounce in gold. BY
this time considerable gold dust
was being received from the
new diggings at Bannack. Old
frontiersmen, who had often in
emergencies in the wilderness
gone for days without food un-
complainingly and had suffered
all manner of hardships seemed
to forget their manhood under
the Unsuitable craving for to-
bacco and surrendered them
selves to spells of rage that re-
suited in many fights and sew
eral killings. 1t was found that
the man who was occasionally
producing and selling tobacco
had procured his store by tear
up the floor and gathering
the crumbs of the weed that
had sifted through the cracks.
The first steamboat was ca
gerly watched for because of
the tobacco it would bring, and
the general misery was in
creased when word at length
arrived that the boat had been
held up by low water some 20
niles below the fort. Some of
he garrison started out on foot
% meet the boat and bought
all they could carry at $1.5O a
Hurrying back to the
,ort with this they reaped a
good profit by selling it from
IS to $40 per pound.
Military Establishment
In 1864 the beginning of the
md of the fur trade was fore
'een by the American Fur COM
,any, which sold Fort Benton
% a private firm. In that year
he building of the town out
tide of the fort also began. In
$40 Fort Benton became a mil
tary post, and continued to
louise a garrison for several
ears, when It was abandoned ,
md its gradual decay started. ,
Fort Benton saw its best days
IS a terminal port for river +,
raffic between the years of {
1854 and 1869. Prior to 1864 !
My six steamboats, had locked /.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

German competition, it Is std, may
soon force the dismissal of 100, 900
metal workers in Vienna and Lower
Austria unless wage reductions are ac-
cepted by the workmen, who have al
ready received notice to conclude a new
agreement for reduced wages. The
reasons given for the effectiveness of
German competition are said to DO
found in the fact that Austrian wages
are 40 per cent higher than German
wages. though the cost of living is only
IA per cent higher; and while the ca,
pacity of the Austrian workman is
rated II per cent less than pre-war
times, the capacity of the German
worker has not decreased corresponds
ingly. .
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-08

Employees in the state of Illinois are
being advised that in conformance with
the recomm endations of the presidents
conference On unemployment, the gen.
eral advisory board of the Illinois free
employment service has perfected a
cooperative arrangement with the
United States bureau Of labor statistics
whereby the duplication in reporting
industrial information to various gov
eminent agencies will be discontinued.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1922-03-04
Roads to Fight
Lower Coal Rates

Washington, March 3-Railroads
moved today before the Interstate
Commerce Commission hearing into
rate structures to contest the prac-
tically unanimous demand from ship
pers for lower rates on coal.
II. A. Cochran, assistant coal traf-
fiC manager of the Baltimore & Ohio,
declared that average freights on coal
today, considered in comparison with
coal prices are proportionateJy lower
than they were in 1911.
7. &. Powell, vice president of the
Erie railroad who concluded today a
general defence of railroad policies
prior to the opening of the coal
project, was asked on cross-eXamI-
nation by w. Fl. Chandler of Boston
representing the National Traffic
League whether "the recently 10 per
cent. reduction on agricultural prod
ucts had been instigated by economic
conditions or political eXpediency."
I'VE have tried to keep politics out
of this" Mr.. Powell retorted. 1.-THE
reduction was given as on encourag-
ing influence to the Sc,cOoooo people
who constitute our farming popua-
ton. and who had been badly hit by
defation. 1t seems to have had the
effect though it has not Influenced
traffic movements so far as decreased
railroad revenues"
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1922-03-04
Illinois Scion Aims
Attack at Will Hays

, Washington, March 3-A vigorous
attack on Postmaster General Hays
was made in the House today by
Rep. Williams, Republican. Illinois,
who declared that the retiring cab-
net officer, has been the one disap-
pointment of the first year of the Re
publican administration"
To-day marks the close of the car
eer of Mr.. Will H. Hays as member
of the cabinet" asserted Mr.. Will
liams. ITO millions of Republicans, it
is a day of Thanksgiving and re-
|! joicing."
Representative Blanton, Democrat,
Texas. and Representative Fairfield
Republican, Indiana, came to the de-
fence of the retiring postmaster gen.
eral and lauded his services as a sab
met official. Mr. Bianton declared
Mr.. Hays was being stabbed in the
back" by members of his own party.
Referring to himself as IAN old line
Republican" representing rock
robbed Republican district in Illi-
nois," Mr.. Williams declared that Mr.
Hays entering the cabinet as one of
it's most popular members. "is quit
ting today by unanimous consent"
This Mr.. Williams continued, "is
because, in the minds Of Republicans,
he is today the prince of mugvumps."
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1922-03-04
Grand Commander
Inspects Trinity

1T. EN-. Sir Frank W. Buchanan,
Grand Commander Of Grand Com.
mandery Of Maine, Accompanied
by Sir Knight w. p. Ordway. as
Grand Warder, Make Official visi-
tation to Trinity Commandery,
Knights Templar
The official visitation and inspection
by Rt. En-. Sir Frank w. Bucknam
of Skowhegan. grand commander OF
the Grand Commandery of Maine. took
place at a special conclave of Trinity
Commandery, No. T. knights Templar,
held Friday evening at Masonic Tenn
pie. The grand commander was &C
companied by Sir Knight w. P. Ord
way of Skowhegan as grand warder.
The business of the evening was
work in the Order of the Temple with
one candidate, and the work was car
ried out in the usual fine style for
which Trinity is noted. There was
large gathering of knights, in addition
to those of Trinity there being num-
Der Of distinguished sir, knights from
Portland, Bath, Gardiner. Waterviile
and other places in the State. About
125 were present on the occasion. Mu-
steal selections were given by the
Temple quartet, composed of Wallace
P. Berry, Arthur Morton, DR.. L. L.
Dolliver and George Armstrong. with
Professor z. H. Wass of Bowdoin Col
lege officiating at the organ.
IT was a very successful occasion
and at the close of the work ban
quet was served. Remarks were made
by several of the sir knights at the
postprandial exercises.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1922-03-04
Mrs. A. F. Warren, Buckfield

Buckfield, Mar. 3-Mrs. Elizabeth A.
Warren, wife of A. F. Warren, died
suddenly on Friday morning of pneu-
monia, aged II years. She was the
daughter of the late Lucicn Young of
Buckfeld.
On January. 1921. Mr.. and Mrs.
Warren celebrated their golden we'd
ding.
Mrs. Warren was one of the best
beloved women of Buckfield, active
in all good works and always depend
able.
For 20 years she has been a mem
Der Of the Baptist church and a
worker in the ladies' circle and mis-
sionary society of that church. She
was a charter member Of Good Faith
Lodge of Rebekahs and a member OF
Buckeld Grange and of the Nezin-
scot Historical society. She is sur
vived by her husband, and by two
children, Mrs. Walter Kicker and J..
E. Warren of Buckfield, by a grand
child and by several nieces and
nephews, among them being Mrs.
Stanley Bisbee. Mrs. A. E. Cole and
Mrs. Wilbur Buck of this town.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1922-03-04
SOVIET FEARS
BOULOGNE PACT

Moscow, March 1.-(By a. P)-The
Boulogne agreement by Prime Min
lister Lloyd George of Great Britain
and PrienGer Poincare of France is
taken by the Soviet press and in Of
fetal circles as n new united stand
by England and France against Rus
STA.
Leon Trotzky, soviet minister of
war; in an order to the army and
navy suggests that the agreement
will prestend the execution Of the
plan TO defnobolize the older classes,
adding that everything presages new
armed attacks against Russia in the
spring.
The Pravda, organ of the soviet
government. declares the allies are
trying to evade the question of recog-
milton of the soviet government, but
II they believe Russia will pay her
debts without compensation for the
intervention of the armies of General
Baron Wrangel, General Denikine
and Admiral kolchak, they can have
no more serious intention of reaching
an agreement than in previous cases.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1922-03-04
Mrs. Carrie A. Briggs, So. Paris

South Paris, March 3.-Mrs. Car
rie A. Briggs. widow OF Joseph
a. Briggs, who died at the G. NJ g.
hospital at Lewiston Tuesday night
after an illness Of several years
would have been so years of age
on March 9th. She was the daugh-
ter OF Frances and Hannah (Brann)
Mckernan OF Bangor. and was the
last surviving member of her family
She was educated at Augusta and
the greater part of her girlhood was
spent at Vassalboro. She married
Joseph Briggs Of Paris. TO them
were born two children: Frank A.
Briggs, who resided at Paris, and
Carrie Leanetta Briggs, who died in
1902. aged "A years. After her mar
riage with the exception OF three
years at Auburn. she lived at the
farm situated in the Whittemore
district.
Mrs. Briggs was the oldest mem
Der of the Deering Memorial church
at South Paris, past grand Of MI
Pleasant Rebekah Lodge, and o
member Of the Paris Grange. and
stony Brook Lodge, NJ z. O. p. She
IS survived by her son. Frank A.
Briggs. and two grandchildren, Mrs.
Maude v. Tobie of Norway and Ern'
EST V. Briggs of Wcstvillc, n. IL