Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-12-23


AdmiXture of Varieties
According to several samples of
seed have recently been shown, the
cotton growers of Brazil appear to
be raising an admixture of varieties
of cottons. The first great need
of your cotton industry, therefore,
appears to be the Standardization OF
your varieties. This is work which
may be appropriately taken up by
individual corporations and business
interests generally. but 1 think gov
eminent supervision and assistance
both essential and desirable. Some
very efficient and desirable pioneer
ing work in cotton production is be-
ing done under the direction of Pro
fessor T. J. Day for the Leopoldino
railway. The results he has secured
are worthy of careful study and con-
sideratiOn.
Obviously, your cotton manufac-
turing industries are developing fast
err than your supply of raw cotton.
Your protective tariff on cotton
goods will acCentuate this movement
in the immediate future. I take it
that your farmers will be busy for
some years in increasing production
your home needs. The cultivation
of cotton of a desirable grade and
type is not as easy a matter as many
have supposed The educated man
of vision and understanding here as
elsewhere, will win the greatest
measure of success. If the right
type of information is promulgated
among your people, there is every
reason to believe that cotton culttva-
ton in Brazil will assume consider
allie proportions in the next quarter
of a century.
From what 1 have seen, your cot
ton is not as carefully picked and
assorted as it should be. 1t con-
tains a good deal of trash and leaves.
Much of it has been carelessly han
died at the gins, and some of it has
been ginned when it was wet. Cot
ton should be allowed to ripen in
the seed before it is gfnned, and it
should never be handled except when
dry. If this is done, and the gin
saws are properly adjusted and kept
clean and SHARPE and the saws ro-
tated at the proper speed, the quality
of fiber can be greatly improved.
Condemning the saw gin out of hand
is a mistake It will do good and eff
fective work on short as we'll as mod
erately long staple varieties if the
machinery is properly handled and
manipulated. 1t is undoubtedly de-
sirable to use the roller gin when
only long staple, standardized Varie-
ties are to be handled.
Better Handling
In my own country a substantial
effort has been made by our gov
eminent and farmers organizations
to better the handling, grading and
selling of our cotton. Notable serv-
ice has been rendered our farmers
along this line by our national bu-
reau of markets. Our farmers are
also attempting to assemble, store
and grade their own cotton through
the agency of such organizat tons as
the Georgia Cotton Growers Coop
erative association 1t was my privi
lege to file with the secretary of the
and advice as to the progress Of this
cooperative effort If you are in
terested !. in this matter, you can,
therefore, obtain full and detailed
data on this subject from his files.
We also have q number of cotton
grading schools, the first one of
which was established by my insti-
tuition, the Georgia State College of
Agriculture. and the mechanic arts
III IJVo' IL Is 1ltlIC u elCllNSlplC ~
teach the grading of cotton to the
advantage of both the grower and
the manufacturer. Our government
has established cotton grades which
arRE now recognized by the trade
throughout the United States. 1t
is needless to explain the manifold
advantages which this arrangement
confers on producer and spinner.
The farmer now knows better what
to grow to meet the market de-
mands, and, therefore, gets a high
err price for his cotton, and the spin
ner is able to buy to better adj
vantage. A part of the loss to the
farmer has been eliminated, and the
spread between the farmer and the
manufacturer greatly reduced. If
we had an ideal plan, and we are
working to that end now very rap
idly, we could eliminate d great part
of the unjust profit hitherto secured
by the middle man. 1t is certain that
the grower of raw cotton in Brazil,
as elsewhere, is entitled to fair
price for his fiber. If he is assured
of this, we need have no fear of
world cotton famine, about which
we hear so much at this particular
time.
Green Crops and Orchard Fertility
J. A. S., Gainesville, Ga,
writes: am planning to set out
100 pecan trees and 500 apple
trees. 1 have dynaEl;tcd the
holes for the pecan trees. I have
rye sown and am going to turn
if under and suV peas in the