davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-16

Women's flesh color glove silk top
union suits in band or bodice top
styles and tight or wide knee. Sizes
So to A. Special, $1.95.
Underwear. Second Floor.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-16

Summer dresses Of white organ
dies and figured lawns. They are
slightly soiled and mussed from
handling; hence the low prices.
Sizes 2 to 6. Baby Shop, Second Floor.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-16

32-in. All-Silk Crepe Shirtings
in New Striped Patterns ISL. 65
Finest Phalanx Satin in All the
New Shades ....-.-........--..... $2.35
35-in. Black Chiffon Taffeta $1.35
White Silk Skirtings $3.95
32-in. Heavy Quality Satin ISL. 35
Charmette Crepe Skirting in
Bright Summer Shades .--..--.-. $3.50
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Smoke Blockade Lifts
Along the St. Lawrence

MONTREAL, Oct. 13.-The general
tie-up in shipping of the last ten days
caused by smoke from forest fires drift
ing across and settling on the fairway
of the st. Lawrence River, has ended
A big fleet of vessels inbound is NOV
ing. The same applies to the long line
of tramp vessels cleared from Montreal
during the week
The upper and lower reaches of the
St. Lawrence are now showing the max
imum of activity so far as ocean craft
are concerned. The forest fire smoke
had one decided effect, and that was in
retarding the movement of Welsh coal
into this port 1t is predicted that in
The next few days the tonnage of Brit
ish hard coal will exceed all other fig
ures in the postwar period.
To-day's report indicates q free
movement throughout the entire ST.
Lawrence. Three liners are due from
Britain. They are the White Star liner
Canada, from Liverpool; the Cunard
oil burner Albania, from LIVERPOOL, and
the Canadian Pacific liner Metagama,
from Glasgow, all expected to arrive
Sunday. All carry moderate lists.
The ST. Lawrence is much deeper this
season than last, and shipping inter
,sts are being greatly aided. AS COM
pared with between twenty eight and
twenty-nine feet last season, the thir-
ty-foot channel this week has a margin
of half foot to the good, and this is
greatly to the advantage of the big new
liners
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Activities at American Ports
Rumor of Big Ford Fleet
Thrills New Orleans

NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 14.--Local
business interests are all astir over
Henry Ford's announcement that he
may enter the steamship business.
If Ford is intending to enter the
steamship business and operate large
feet of freight vessels, they say, New
Orleans. because of its proximity to
the Latin American markets which he
is said to be dcsirous of reaching, will
be headquarters for the service, and
the assembling plant which the COM
spany is now constructing on the lower
harbor is only preliminary move in
tie general maritime scheme of the
automobile magnate
Local shipping credit Ford with seek
ing to purchase the Virginian Railroad
to insure adequate rail service for an
assembling plant he would erect at
Norfolk.
Creosoted timber prepared in New
Orleans will aid in strengthening the
famous Coney Island Boardwalk. Sew
eral months ago about 100000 feet
of the timber loaded here at the
American Creosoting Company's wharf
at Southport went north on the steam
ship Castle Lodge The same ship now
is back here to lift 100000 feet more
for Coney Island.
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Shipping Gains Steadily
During Week at Norfolk

NORFOLK, Va, Oct. 13.-With ships
unloading cocoanuts, canned pineapple,
copper ore and print paper at the same
time, the harbor showed decided i'm
provement in shipping activities this
week. The steamer Eastern Trader
brought cargo of canned pineapples,
the Jose j. Cuneo unloaded 1,149,0OO
cocoanuts and the West Jelix brought
copper ore and print paper from Ham
burg. The government collected a duty
of two cents on each cocoanut unloaded
from the Cuneo.
Vessels Of the Commercial Pacific
Line in the coast-to-coast trade will
call at Norfolk for cargo, beginning
with the steamer Commercial Trader,
due here next Saturday, it was an
nounced to-day. Hasler & Co will
handle the ships here.
The German steamer Mi Murla, of
the Cosmos Line, will put in at Nor
folk next week on her way from the
west coast of South America to Ham
burg and Bremen to load general car
go, Robert Blatt & Co., local agents
for the line, announced. A consider
able quantity of tobacco, to be loaded
at the army base. has been booked for
the ship. Another cargo is in pros
peCt.
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Stevedore Agreement
Deferred i'm Boston

BOSTON, Oct. H.-Representative
of the steamship lines operating to
Boston, the experimenting stevedores
and delegates for the Longshoremen's
Union, were in conference in com
mittee room of the Boston Chamber of
Commerce this week. The meeting was
to consider the renewal of the agree
ment between the longshoremen and
the different lines, and after q discus
sion it was decided to have the matter
considered at future meeting The
old agreement of the longshoremen ex-
pired October /, and a new agreement
has not yet been signed, although the
men are working regularly.
b. E. Ullberg, manager of the Seattle
office of the Cunard Line, is studying
Boston's port facilities and trade con-
dltions. j. II. Graves, vice president
of the International Freighting Cor
poration of New York, is in Boston in
conference with Captain f. E. O'Don-
nell, manager of the marine depart
nent of C. II. Srague & Son, Bos-
ton, representatives of the Interna-
tional Freighting Corporation. The
company is planning to increase it's
service between Boston and South
American ports as soon as business
warrants.
The Boston office of the Cunard
Steamship Company has announced a
winter service between Boston and
Queenstown and Liverpool, with fort
nightly sailings of the new sister ships
Ansonia and Andama. Both steamships
are of $1,000 tons, and will carry one
class cabin and third class passengers.
The first sailing in the new service will
be from Boston, October 20, with the
Ansonia scheduled to steam from the
company's East Boston pier at
o'clock. Both steamships in the new
service will call at Halifax on both
east and west bound passages
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
British Shippers Seek
Lower FREIGHT Rates

Lower freight rates from Continen-
tai ports to South America than from
British ports continue to be source
of discomfort to shippers in the United
Kingdom. In the recently published
memorandum of the British Chamber
of Commerce in Argentina it is de-
clared that British trade in boilers,
cement, clothing, machinery, metals,
paper, railway equipment, steel plates
and textiles has been seriously affected
by the high rail costs.
The Federation of Iron and Steel
Manufacturers and the Coal Producers
Association have renewed their agita-
tion for a reduction in railway charges.
The principal demand is that the rates
shall not be higher than SO per cent
above the pre-war tariffs. In accord
ance with recent agreements, there has
been decrease on the rail lines to
rs per cent above the level prevailing
in 1914
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Outgoing Steamships

NoTE-Mail information will be found
on Travel Page. eighth column.
Sail Tomorrow
,,us Vessel. Port Sail. Pier
F de Satrustegu Cadiz. II AM. - s, ER
Minpesotan, Seattle / PM
g. Bush Docks. B'klyn
Sail Tuesday
Apaeha Aeaolhhee' JacsanY,s JnamSurg 10 AN y 3
Sail Wednesday
Saxonia Hamburg. 12 2M.bs M NJ p
Arabic Naples, 12 MS "a n p
Lituania, ibau, PM.
Bush Docks B'klyn
Asia, Constanza, 2 Pm. ... s1st st. B'klyn
President Garfield. London PM.
Independence Hail. Rotterdam. !; Il HG'0hsn a
Union City London, 3 PM. IA, SIhy B'Riyn
sixaola, Santa Marta = Il eSSh Docks B'hlyn 3 n
Nesny NMenry T. Mallory. Galveston. IL M. 3s. n r
Huron. San Domingo PM. AZ B'LIvn III
Fort st George. Bermuda, ii ANS NJ MsR
Sail Thursday
Rochambeau, HavIe, II AM 67 NJ %
Paaria PPansa hhamenITg hapaeI,1s. L N; .ss, II i
Ausonia Liverpool, 10 2M......'.''6s NJ. NY, n p
Taormina. Naples, / PM. n p
sanra Msnico hisa War VALPARAISO r 10 AM. ss. Bkyn
Astrea. Port-au- Prince, PM - R:ksy,, 2: = I,
Bradclyde. Hamburg, IL M...44 B.Iiyn
Virginia. Seattle. Pm IS Bush Docks. Rk,n
Efsperanza, Havana, / PM. .....13. Bkivn
coinancne. Jacksonville. IL NJ. ...ss. N II
Sail Friday
Malmen, Gothenburg 12 M ee ~ 10
Sa. saasE. Soiombo, ~ M .67th st. B'kiyn
Occur Alene, Burgas. 10 M. .27' E,hiyn
Baracoa, Kingston, 2 PM .....4I N n .
Munargo. Nassau, 12 M..,.e d n n p p
Sail Saturday
Horneric, Southampton II AM I, y
Pres Harding Bremen, 8 AM Hohore. =,
New Amsterdam. Rotterdam. IL M,
II sayoia 6th st, Hoboken
ICELAND, Antwerp 12 ss' ~ ~ ~ y T,
ffes'dent Wilson, Piraeus. IL NJ, :
s-alt,, riu. I Bush Docks. B,kiyn
pooi' y IA, M,......-....60. N r
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Coast Lines to Revise
Freight Rates TO Orient

SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 14.--A COM
plete revision of the rates on freight
destined for the Orient OH overland ex-
port bills Of iading is now being made
by the recently reorganlzed Pacific
Westbound Conference. A new tariff
schedule will be presented at meeting
of the organization TO be held in San
Francisco on October 80.
j Van Meurs, manager Of the Hols
land America Line hcre, has announced
that the joint refrigerator ship service
Of the Holland-America Line and the
Royal Mail Steam Packet Company will
include three vessels from the Pacific
to Europe. The Nebraska will load
fruit on this coast in November, She
will be followed by the Narenta and
the Nichtheroy. All will carry fruit to
European ports, pricipally to London.
Buoys marking the anchorage for
vessels carrying explosives will be set
in a few days by the lighthouse serv-
ice. The anchorage lies about two
miles south Of Yerba Buena (Goat)
Island, San Francisco Bay. A year
ago new anchorages were laid out in
San Francisco Bay by the War Depart
ment after conference with navy Off
GERS and shipping men. The anchor
age for explosives was changed and the
lighthouse service told to mark it with
buoys, but as there was no money for
the work it was not done. Last month
Congress made special appropriation:
Masterful seamanship was demon
strated by Captain George Yardleyt
master of the Pacific Mail liner Presi-
dent Cleveland, when that vessel went
aground at the mouth of the Yangtse
River, passengers on the vessel re-
ported on the steamers arrival here.
The President Cleveland was undam-
aged by the grounding, which was the
result of typhoon and was response
BILE for five vessels going down A
pilot was on board the President Cleve-
land when the accident happened, but
passengers we're Gained by the cool
manner in which Captain Yardley ham
died the situation.
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Marine
Loss Brings Move
To Sell Steamers
Government Finds Problem
Similar to That i'm This
Country; Question: Will
Be Raised al Election

Continuance Of Australias govern
ment owned merchant marine has be-
come an issue in commonwealth poli-
ticis which will probably be decided at.
the general parliamentary elections IN
December, according to statement by
Eugene e. Chamberlain, Of the Trans
portation Department Of the United
States Department Of Commerce.
Haevy losses suffered during the
depression In shipping have started
Il movement sim5lar to that in this
country for the retirement of the gov
crnment from the business
Australia owns merchant feet con-
sisting Of fifty-one vessels OF 257 ,045
gross tons, Of which the first cost was
approximately $50,000,o00. The net
earnings up to June SO, 1921, had been
around $35,000,0 900, but Since that time
the loss, counting depreciation, interest
and insurance, has been considerable.
The feet owes its existence directly
TO Premier Hughes. ASS seearly as 1915
Australia found difficulty in moving it's
wool and wheat to the Allies due to the
diversion of ship tonnage TO the war
zone. The Prime Minister was in Lon-
don in 1916 and failed TO charter vea
sells to move 100000 tons OF waeat.
Accordingly he purchased fifteen Brit
ish ships Of los 900 dealweieht tons for
nearly $4,000, 900. Australia had
seized in her ports eighteen enemy
steamers Of 83,o21 gross tong. IT was
decided to increase this feet by new
construction. The building program
comprised twenty-four steel steamers
Of 1919 knots speed and about $500
deadweight tons each. of which four
teen were to be built in government
yards and ten by private companies.
Still later contracts were let with Brit
ish yards for five immigrant steamers
Of Is knots speed and l3,000 gross tons
each. Contracts were also made for a
number of wooden vessels. Egl3f
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Court Decisions Offer Little
Hope TO Alien Ships on Liquo,

Foreign steamship lines seeking re-
lief from the ruling Of Attorney Gen-
eyal Daagherty extending the Yoistcad
act to theiY vessels within The three
mic lin1jt can find little hope for sue
cess In previous decisions Of the United
States Supreme Court. II Is expected
that nV means Of injunctions and
ether legal Steps they can defer appll-
cation ~ the law, but II past results
arc guide the Eighteenth Amend
nlent will be held eventually to aGec1.
ships Of every flag
The issue raised by the prohibition
law is similar in essential respects TO
features Of the la Toilette seamen' 3
act, which was assailed bitterly by for
eign shipping interests in American
courts The legal battle has wagel
since the law was enacted in t9t5 and
tho outcome has been complete failure
Cor the alien companies.
One Of the men who hold the view
that the Volstead act is constitutional
as applied TO foreign yessels Is Elias
Is. AxtelI attorney, Of I'll Moore Street,
who has represented the International
Seamen's Union in many fights under
the La Toilette act, II IS known also
that many american steamship off
cials who tried to amend Or repeal the
act hold the sane opinion.
The basis for the La Toilette act,
the VoIstead act and other legialatiops
affecting foreign vessels III American
1.ergitorial 9ateFs IS the dietffm Of
Justice Marshall that alien vessels IN
United States ports must be anenab1e
to the laws of the country. II was
held that such ships. having the pro-
lection OF the American government
while here, owe q certain SiIeniaDce
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15

instance. ~ shk
Several provisions Of the 4. ~,
act are more drastic and far .ais ogests
than the prohibition law ~ anias
have been upheld by tho sss me
Court Two Of these involve j. 1splea..
O. foreign seaU1en to desert tbs;s tiaai
IN United States ports with sa ~ ssnips
from arrest, and the section ai.ssunlss isunlss
such seanaer the right to ohta;aa ,ssas y
half Of their wages earned saia one.
In the Dillon -S;tratbearn
39pferrle Court held that the r. p 81
lette act was constitutional and s 81. 3.
foreign ships must obey its progiaa. sas'
despite the TACT that by Ieavinv, go 4sa:
yeasets mere the seamen might 5s 'as''
iatifg their contracts made wien ~ +.
signed articles abroad. "'sh aae5
In the case Of Sheppard vs.. ran...
d Holt Judge Grorer in the Ii.ys', Iis,ss,
states District Court held thai H. @assa l.a
man was entitled to one-haif - 'es' e.
earned wages, without any dssaa as
due to advances which might baSs bass,''oa
paid by the foreign line in YEA
II this case the La Toilette ls,a lg.poai' s'
held to apply eyea with rerass 5 ~
contract made abroad in violaf;o.
It's provisions. Another case sssss.as as.oa q
similar was that involving tie PssIsst Pssa..
IN which it was held that aps aSsssl
paid 70 ferei1n aeanlen were issasss ifIsgsl rs
against public policy. 90 aAa
In fghtiag the Ia Follette III
eign steamship liaea employss ys. ,s.
ablest counsel and spent large sn,,. NV sas =
money III carrying the contest fSsaasa1 ,. y
American courts. The fact thst .Isa
anticipate similar failure with rasss.. NJ.
10 the prohibition ruling is shswns.s hs,ss
statements from Paris and t.,sss
that 6 the contemplated test sujts I
down the issue VIII be carried a e.
international tribunal at The Hagua
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15

Shipping by Suez
Has Increased to
Pre-War Figures

Traffic through the Suez Canal in
the first half of 1929 showed gain
which not only exceeded that for the
same period of last year, but prac-
ticaily equaled the total of the first
six months of 1918.
During the first six months of 1929
10,O87,0 900 net tons of shipping passed
in transit through the canal, as com
pared with 8,a74,0O0 net tons for the
same period in 1921. Receipts for the
first six months of 1922 amounted to
s1.7Sa,000 francs (gold), while n ,2s7,-
600 francs (gold) were collected during
the first half of 1921.
This increase $4,000 net tons
was entirely in cargo-carrying mer-
chant vessels, the tonnage of naval ves-
sells and ships in ballast being SO per
cent lower than for the same period
in 1921. Tank ships registered the
greatest Increase, aggregating 1,04S 600
net tons as against 661,000 net tons
during the corresponding months of
the preceding year.
Eastbound traffic through the canal
was characterized by heavy coal ship
ments, 100000 tons moving during
the half year ended June 80, 1922, as
compared with 2ss 900 tons in the cor r.
responding period Of 1921. This fig
ure exceeds that Of the entire year
1913, the record pre-war year.
In the westbound traffic petroleum
products led in cargo tonnage with
total of $4,000 tons, Grain shipments
in the same direction have fallen off,
principally from the failure of Man
churia, China and India as source
of European supply. Westbound ship
ments of petroleum products, oil seeds,
copra, ores, wool, soy beans, peanuts
and jute increased materially over the
same period in 1921, while decrease
was shown in shipments of wheat,
coal and sugar.
American shipping through the canal
during this period totaled forty-six
vessels, as against sixty-seven during
the first half of 1921.
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Marine a Reports
Due Tomorrow

Due Tomorrow
Stavanger. Oct 3.
Norwegian American Line
Ihomag Beal Colon, Oct Z.
Houder. Weir 6 Boyd
Due Tuesday
Tarentia, Glasgow. Oct 4. Anchor Line
Mckeesport, Dunkirk, Oct g.
vulcano, Liverpool, Oct 9. '' N'''''
Italia America Line
Due Wednesday
Clan Ronald. st Michaels. Oct 8.
West Eldara. Bordeaux. Oct l. '
Cosmopolitan Lines
Gustavsholm. Gothenburg, Sept 2s Via
6altinore Furness. Witty & Co
Steel Worker, Seattle. Sept Is.
Isthmian Lines
Due Thursday
Malgachi Oran, Oct 8,
Ceiaeno. Rosario, Sept 20,
Funch. Edge & Co
Due Friday
Marengo, Hull. Oct 6.
Moorish Prince, Gibraltar, oct g.
Furness, Witty & Co
Camoens. Para. Oct L.. .Lamport & Holt
Annetta, Kingston Oct l4..Atlantic Fruit
Due Saturday
Amsterdam, Shields. Oct 8. Funch. Edye
NJ Elliot, Copenhagen Oct R u Hague
Mississippi, London. Oct 4
Atlantic Transport Line
Steel Exporter, Colon, Oct 12.
Isthmian Lines
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Freight Ships Due
Due To-da,

songvand. Buenos Ayres, Sept S.
Kerhonkson. Ardrossan, Sept "a.
Hog Island. Alexandra, Sept Is. -
Santa Olivia. Rio de Janeiro. Sept ss. : -
Radnor. birmingham, Sept 81. Barber Isine.
Jalapa, Alexandria, Sept az,
United American Liner
kennecott. San Francisco. Sept "a.
Williams S & Co
Vile d'oran, Napiea, Sept 80.
Algerian American Line
Vincent. Dunkirk. Sept le.
Blue Triangle. Color. Oct s. Nawsco Lines
Aspen, Port Natal, Sept 10 Furness. Witty
Huflero, Colon. Oct 6.. Kerr Tins
w L Stead, Tampfco Oct s
Pan-American Pet q Trans CO
Virginia, Boston. Oct Ia United Ain Lines
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Passenger Ships Due
Due To-day


iceland (Br), Antwerp Oct &: to Red
star Line with mails; rs expected to dock
forenoon at Pier 81. N r (west Goth st).
Celtic (BrJ, Liverpool Oct IL; to White
Star Line with mails; is expected to dock
afternoon at Pier CO. n r west 18th st).
:, Uiua tBr), Port Lin,on Oct 4 to United
afternoon el Go win BIN mails ! Is expected to dock
Caracas San Juan Oct 10; to Bliss, Dal-
lett & Co with mails; Is expected to dock
Mexico Il Havana ea Oct Hfyn to ,M9ntague eh s
Mail s Co with mails; is expected to
dock forenoon at Pier IA. e r. tWall st),
Orduna (Br), Hamburg Oct 4 to Royal
Mail Steam Packet Co with mails: Is ex-
pected to dock afternoon at Pier az, N r
(Morton st).
vauban (Br). Rio dc Janeiro Sept 90; to
Lamport & Holt Line with malls is ex-
pected to dock forenoon at Pier IA, Ho-
Baracoa, Kingston Oct 8: to CLYDE S s
Co with mails; is expected to dock fore
Due Tomorrow
La savoie tFr), Havre Oct q; to French
line Line with mails; is expected to dock fore
Frederik VIII DAM Copenhagen Oct
8; to Scandinavian American Line with
mails f7ah = is expected to dock forenoon at foot
-, Aqsonia AZ :, ], = tBr), Liverpool Oct 4; to Gu
marc ,lartsS ? co M Via Boston with mails; is ex-
nessa Monsav 70 et d9ek p' late today or forenoon
President Wilson QtJ. Trieste Sept 20:
TO Phelps Bros with mails; is expected to
b. 'kiyn, " A DooAs'
portd Porto Rico. San Juan Oct II; to N &
rs rorfo foois Rieo co Co with mails; lie expected
Fort st George lBr1. Besmuda sn, q htyn Sot to
Furness, Witty & Co with mails. is eI. ~
pSsssa rWest +, e dock forenoon at Pier IS, N
,Assyria tBrl. Glasgow Oct Z. TO Anchor
noon @ st'n "a p, inals; Is sxpeeted TO dock after
Western World. uenos Ayres sss sSa ssn3 ST.. %
Munson UNISON s Line with mails: is EXPECTED ID
I TO dock afternoon at Pier j, Hoboken.
Due Tuesday
1raa.o. .aount clinton, Hamburg Oct s; to
onated ,atea american Lines with malls is ex-
fWest 4S,h tS uoeS s. forenoon at Pier ss. N r
President Monroe, London Oct =: TO II 8
noon at misp p,ar .ans; rs expected to dock fore
siboney. Havana Oct IL: to N v g. eun.
Nal MAJ, $3.50 co with mails; is expected to
oosK Muasrea nsrenooH at Pier u, y H twal st,.
Line with i mails; Is expected to dock fore
noon at Pier ., R tcoenties Sip.
Due Wednesday
/ - vessel Port Av.nr,
Homerie' Southampton, Oct IL 'Aos'
Colombia San Francisco SEPT M Il i. s'af Line
w + Grace & Co
Due Thursday
9orek, Bremen, Oct 7..No German Ilova
Kosalind. i So Johns, Oct is. Bowrinr & 20
Fort Victoria, Bermuda, Oct ~ y "
| Santa Marta, Kingston. Oct ID, . ~
/ United Fruit Co
1 Due Friday
Aquitania, Southampton. Oct IA,
Noordam. Plymouth, Oct ii. su : 90
! r.,,, Holland America Line
houssiiion, Havre. Oct ie,.. French Line
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Change of Masters

command schr Sally Wren N>yyope9
n, Mlenssi T. Fitzgerald succeeds Joseph 4
rtzssraia q command steam screw WilIinKtonn n
=. H. Hanson succeeds Simon flsan ss, s
mand gasoline screw Ellie d. seii eoiA'
mand steam screw Ell Sol aii''n H- coH-
Chester Evans succeeds r. E,r,cLaa,.
mand steam screw M Moran. eo''i !
=. Il. Miller succeeds H. Richards eon.
rnand schr. bArge Anpere. 'si iAe Soin- S''
" Dave A. La Plan aI1cceed. f.h.r, ~
Hewitt command barge Frederick Mccain. -
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15

These figures are based upon the
official scale of the American Steam
ship Owners Association. The present
Shipping Board pay is somewhat high
er, being $56 month in the case of
able seamen, as compared with $47.50
under the private owners scale.
The following table, which was sub
mitted by the Shipping Board in its
testimony before the House and Senate
last spring, gives comparison Of the
wage scales for 5000 gross ton ship
for American owners, the Shipping
Board and foreign nations, computed
upon the basis of exchange at that
time:
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15

at the prevailing rates Of exchange,
shows that during the war the wages
of the chief competitors Of the United
States made comparatively a much
greater increase. This did not matter
at the time, because costs of operation
were not high enough to make a
serious impression upon the enormous
profits. But at present, when expenses
must be cut down to the last penny,
the difference is vital matter. The
Norwegian scale has made greater
progress toward normally than either
the American or British. The two lat
ter are more nearly equal than before,
but British labor still faces defation
which will probably restore the pre-
vious differential Of Is per cent to %
per cent. The chief handicap in the
American wage level, however, lies not
50 much in the pay of the crew as Of
the officers.
The trend of wages for American
officers and crew in the last eight
years is shown in the following table:
New-York tribune., 1922-10-15
Steamship Rates From H. S. North atlantic Ports 10
Principal Ports of the World

The following table furnished by Caldwell
fed: