The New York herald., 1922-10-29


The Fascist have reached q posi-
tion In Italy which the first Fascista
groups formed two years ago could
scarcely have dreamed of attaining
They are in complete control of many
| OF the Industrial centers Of northern
Italy, an important factor in State
affairs and a power in national poll
tics with their leader, BENITo Mus
soLINI, strong enough to overthrow
Ministry and to dictate the COM
position of its successor. They are
not only at the height of their power
but at that point where they must
submit to the supreme test Of prov
ing their ability to build upon a
foundation of order and patriotism
new national life for Italy.
This means that the Fascista or
ganization is to show Its right to an
existence upon the reasons assigned
by its earliest disciples. In its In
ception the Fascista movement was
reaction of the middle classes
against the socialists regime of vio-
lence. to which several northern prov
inces were subjected and against the
| governmental conditions, especially
those during the Premiership of ST.
gnor NITTI, which made this violence
and its accompanying excesses pos
sible. That it's appeal was popular
one and that 1t met with national
support was shown by its spontane-
Gus development and it's remarkable
growth. The Fascist claim now an
enrolment Of almost 100000. with
bali that number an effective mill
tary force in case of necessity.
The Fascist went to the meeting
last week at Naples with the primary
purposes of their organization at
tanned. They had met violence with
violence and they had overthrown
Bolshevism wherever it had gained
a foothold in Italy and had swept
the country clear of the Moscow
propagandists. BY their defeat Of
the extreme socialists at Milan and
Genoa early in the summer they
overthrow the radical parties, and by
depriving them of their ability to de-
clare general strike they took from
them their chief political weapon and
alienated a great bulk Of their fol-
lowing. There thus remained to the
Fascist at the Naples meeting only
the governmental problems. And
this is the reason that for practi-
cally the first time the organization
is assuming its present aggressive
attitude in affairs of the Government
and demanding that 1t have voice
in the formation of the Ministry.
MUssoLINI is himself a politician Of
considerable experience. He knows
as well as man possibly could the
Italian Socialists, for he was a men,
ber Of the party and editor of Avanti,
the chief organ Of the north Italian
Socialists. He likewise knows the
shrewdness of GIoLITTI. who is able
to control the party. and appears to-
day as one of the most likely can
didates for the Premiership. That a
new Cabinet would be formed. In
fact, that it was national necessity.
has been evident for the past few
weeks. FACTA came into power
merely because no one else could be
found to form Government. He
was as unsatisfactory to the social
lists as he was to the Fascist. To a
man of MUssoLINI's aggressiveness
he was especially Objectionable. There
were grounds for MussoLINI's state
ment that this Ministry was too weak
for the nation and should be sup
planted by one backed by the new
Italian spirit. 1t Is doubtful. how
ever, II MUssoLINI seeks to be Pre-
mier-he may be more content with
the power which he holds as leader
of the Fascisti-but 1t is very clear
chat he intends to have his organize
tion represented in the Ministry and
that he himself will be a power in
any Government which may be
formed.
The Fascist have in the past pro-
fessed the general good Of Italy their
sole purpose. They have creditable
record Of achievements In counter
acting radical influences and ex-
cesses. in the protection of individual
and State property, the maintenance
of order and the revival of Italian
patriotism. That they have some
times achieved their ends by violence
is true but their organization was
founded to combat violence and In
many cases they have attempted to
Justify their action by the urgency of
the situation. 1t would seem that the
time for q resort to arms has passed
and that while Italy needs stronger
Ministry than she has had she does
not need a Government upheld by
the arms Of q non-governmenta
organization.
|
A Deep Sea Marvel.
] The life history of the salmou hos