davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18

those capitals of states, and that
special kind of problem-they all
have to be committed to memory.
Use system In your memorizing.
Since you have to spend SO much
time committing to memory, learn
to make the most Of your time and
get lessons SO they stick. First.
learn by the whole" method. II
you have poem to learn, read the
whole thing over and over until 1t
fixes itself in YOUR mind, all in one
piece. If you commit one part of
thing at time and then do some
thing else and come back to learn
the next part you have no bridge to
connect the separate parts.
Couple Up Ideas
One way OF keeping things In
your mind is to link them up with
ideas already there. This Is a trick
that works well In history, for ex
ample. Suppose You want to re-
member that the Worlds Fair In
Chicago was in 1893. You know
that 1t was held to celebrate the
4UuIH anniversary Oh Tue lduulHS VI
Columbus. They couldn't get It
ready, however, the year 1t was
supposed to come, and had to wait
until a year later Columbus. you
know, landed in 1892. Four hund-
red years later would be 1892, and
II they waited year, that made
the date 1893, There you have 1t
fixed.
Know what 1t is you are memor-
izing.
Don't learn a thing like parrot.
1t sticks longer IL you think about
it, and reason out the best way>to
remember it. Perhaps you mix up
the spelling of certain words, just
because you haven't linked them up
in your mind right One boy con
fused sight, site, and cite until he
made himself connect sight with
light, site girh situation, and cite
with Te9ite. Looks easy, doesn't
It?
Use Short Drills
In drilling a list of dates, remem-
Der that you learn more easily il
you work hard at them short
while, then stop and do something
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
Imaginative Child Gives
Giants Names to Dolls

why do you have so many dolls
and what are you doing with
them?" asked visitor in the Barr
home in England, about 1887.
These are not dolls, these are
giants" replied little Amelia. TItse
are fairies, these children, and this
black one is Man Friday. You
mustn't call them dolls they know
just as much as you do concluded
Amelia somewhat impudently.
Her vivid imagination was al
ways a characteristic of Amelia p.
Barr. When she became a woman,
her dolls were people in stories, -
stories that have been read in both
England and America.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
The Raccoon

l wonder what you know about
the Raccoon. It is found In Can
ada and in some parts OF America.
1t Is a favorite with children when
visiting ZOOS on account Of Its very
amusing habits. This strange ami
NAL, which Is about the size OF a
large fox, pleases the children by
always washing all Its food very
carefully In water before 1t eats 1t,
Indeed, 1t is said that IL water Is
not furnished this animal, when In
captivity, 1t would soon starve to
death, for it would refuse to eat
before washing its yictuals.
he skin of the raccoon Is very
va liable, and trappers seek it
eagerly.
In its natural haunts its food Is
principally small animals and in
sects. 1t also Is very fond Of
oysters and muscles. 1t bites off
the hinge Of an oyster. and scrapes
out the animal in fragments with
its paws. Like a squirrel, when
eating a nut, the raccoon usually
holds its food between its forepaws
pressed together and sits upon It's
hind legs when it eats. This atti-
tude also pleases the little folk.
ri IS a thief. 1t robs farmers Of
chickens and is worse feared than
the fox. The raccoon, however,
will eat only the head OF chicken,
and will not tough the rest Of the
body. Its prowling and thieving Is
done entirely at night
When taken young 1t can be
easily tanned, but frequently be
comes blind during its captivity.
although this is not always the
case. This blindness Is supposed
to be produced by the sensitive
state OF its eyes, which are In
tended to be used only at night; but
as it is frequently awakened by
daylight during its captivity It suf-
fers so much from the glare, that It
gradually loses its sight.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
Earning and Learning
Joy to il-Year-Old Girl

"Dinna cry mither DEAR" said
Mary Scissor to her mother whom
she had discovered in tears.
II can go to the mills in the morn
ing, and to school in the afternoon.
1t will be a glad day, earning and
learning at the same time!1
Although Mary was only eleven
years old, she was the chief sup
port of the family. She was p fay-
orite with the girls at the mill be-
cause she was always cheerful and
eager to help them.
Mary Slessbr went as a mission
airy to Africa and Is known as the
white Mother of Darkest Africa.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
ANSWERS
To Questions Worth While

(Q.) What and when was the
Hundred Years War?
(A.) 1t was a struggle between
France and England which lasted,
with intermissions. from 1888 to
1853. Edward III, of England,
claimed the crown of France be-
cause his mother was the sister OF
Charles Nv, of France. This and
minor differences brought on the
war. In 1929, through Joan of Arc,
the English were forced to relin-
quish their gains. At the close OF
the war, Calais was the only
French territory in English hands.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18

your own cheerfulness. Learn to
laugh lots, Laugh is Mother Ma
lures best remedy. 1t is really
good for you because it exercises
your diaphragm and stimulates
your circulation.
So here's a smile for you, Juniors,
and | expect one back from you,
and you pass them on and so win
!. and soon, you know
There will be miles and miles of
smiles" Z,
Happily,
COUSIN HELEN.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
Our Next Door
Neighbor's Fire

One morning we were about half
awake when we heard somebody
whistIing. They called, Your
house is on fire!"
Father went out on our upstairs
porch and the fire was right at his
face. He put on his clothes and
took our hose and climbed into the
tree by the house and poured water
on 1t. Then most OF the people
around had discovered it.
One of our neighbors said their
house caught on fire and burned
up all their clothes. They had to
borrow clothes to wear until they
got some clothes. Their house
was all burned and they had to
stay at their nelghbors.
The fire in the other house was
put out. 1t did not burn. Edith
Wilson, 5A, Joseph Moore school.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18

else, only to come back and ham
mer at the for another short
period.
Don't try to swallow your lesson
at one gulp.
1t is better to rest a while be-
tween study periods than to work
so long that the drill becomes
monotonous and tiresome.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
Successful Studying
LEARNING "sY HEART"

(This Is one of a series OF articles
which VIII help young students 70
learn more and get better grades, BY
showing them how to study more
efficientlyl - "@w
In most studies there are many
things you have TO get right down
and memorize. There's that poem
for English, those history dates.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
Fair Excharne

Verona gave her aunty q hand
kerchief for her birthday.
"You are little dear to think
Of me. Here is a dime" said the
aunty.
But, Aunt Annie" said the lit
tie girl, "the handkerchief cost 20
cents"
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18
THE JUNIOR PALLADIUM

chiden the Richmond Pal
iadum founded May 1915 issued each Saturday anoon
original
OF the
signed Cousin always glad meet the children personally
articles office letters
little
thoroughly
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18

Balloon Goes Up Thirteen Miles
One of the balloons sent up by
the United States weather bureau
twice daily to get direction and
velocity of the wind, reached q
height recently OF thirteen miles.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1922-11-18

Answer to this will appear In
next weeks Junior.
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

called among allied nations to con-
slider and fix relations growing out
Of the Turkish victory and the IN.
ture control Of Constantinopls and
the Straits. Lloyd George wisely
prevented Kemal's army getting
control Of the Strait. II his army
had once obtained the mastery
there Il would have been difficult.
to dislodge them. There might have
been another Gallipoli. The con-
ference is to decide matters IN
which the United States 10 deeply
interested. Indeed for months the
United States has exercised impor-
tant duties at ConstAntinopls
through Admiral Bristol. high com.
missioner. I had the duty to assign
ing an officer to that command and
selected Admiral Bristol. who a.
our diplomatic representative has
exercised his good offices to smelio'
rate the conditions and to give
refuge to Americans who might
have perished otherwise.
This observer from the "cimmer.
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

tionai. following the Earobean loss
Of hope late In 1919, the new same
OF Observer seems to be the only
one encouraged at Washington.
PLAYING PART or H0OT OWL.
Is there danger OF q serious rup.
ture between the British and
French in Europe growing out OF
the question Of German rspAra.
tion7 what 10 the policy Of the
United states7 Notwithstanding
such rupture might affect us
seriously. 90 we get In the game
and stick to secure harmonious
action among the viotorsY Far
from It. We issue q statement
that, while refrainink from run.
ming any risks or assuming any
responsibility. We expect all par.
ties to respect whatever rights
America has, II any. And then
we send an Observer. He may
be an owl, sitting high up in the
tree. giving an occasional hoet IN
the night to let II Be known ne IL
In the trses. Sometimes the Oh
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

server Is less honorable than the
owl. sitting like a buzzard in the
top OF the tree looking below to
see whether any carrion will be
left after the parties have finished
their struggles.
These observers are sometimes
semi.official. as when George
Harvey is deputed to put on his
knee breeches and croak that
America having gone into the war
for no holy faith but merely to
have Its soul, sits on the limb try.
Ing to look as solemn as an owl
and as wise. When he can keep
silent no longer. Observer Harvey
Ia reported to have issued a dec.
laration that women have no
souls" He does not advance such
. heretical opinion because he
thinks women have no souls but
because his name has disappeared
or the headlines Of the papers and
he cannot get II back there unless
ne does something outre or makes
soms new kind Of an ass OF him
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

tians who have felt the heel Of the
Turk. Is the Turk to return to full
pcwerH Are all the fruits OF the
valor of our brave men to be lost7
Never. The Administration at
Washington will not be quiescent
when American interests and
American humanity dictate that
we shall have voice in the deter
mination. The State Department
has highly resolved that this con.
ference and action shall not 60
without participation by this Gov.
ernment. That Is the word that
comes from Washington. What
is to be the great part we shall
play7
We will send-an Observer. He
is not to be a passive Observer as
we have kept in other European
countries. He Is to be IAN active
Observer" More than that, "a
competent Observer" Ia that a
slam on Harvey and the other
lookers-on7 Moreover he 10 to be
an agile, ouick.footed quick OBJ.
server; one who can take his perch
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

self. But there is this consolation
about 1t: nobody can say America
is trying to be exclusive or Is In
different to what transpires In Eu-
rope. We are not heartless, or
cold, or selfish, or unconcerned.
Is not Ambassador George Harvey
Ahere as an Observer And is he
not doing the full duty Of an OBJ
server7 What is that duty?
II is true that Ambassador
George wears large tortoise shell
glarses, his vision not being very
good since politically he tried to
look two ways at one time. but he
undoubtedly sees things and sends
the reports OF his observations to
Secretary Hughes.
OUR PART-ONLY TO LOOK ON
What part is America TO play in
the conference. And in the settle
ment OF the Turkish question: And
in the protection OF Christians in
that part Of the world7 The
American people feel that they are
not guiltless Of the blood Of Chris
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

ian shore" who - to ut and psrch
"just above the chamber door Of
the conference. when asked By the
other allies II he proposes TO on.
ter ana take part In the confer
sncs will have only one word,
"Nsvermore."
UNIDENTIFIED AND UNwORTHY
This observer 10 getting on the
nerves Of Americans whose hood
boils at assassinations and psrs~
cutions. "Perching" and observine
and nothing more" may satisfS
people at . bali game. But u ~
an undignified and unworthy attt
tuds for the United States - n b
"tbe impotence Of impudsncs" and
the "impudence Of impotsncs" 20
quote q saying Of Phiilips Brooks.
II We have interests there, humane
or commercial, or both, We should
not send . croaking raven to sit on
the side.iines. objcctinG IN delayed
letters, II We DO not like what -
Continued on rass ~
The Washington times., 1922-11-12
vTYTIE chief criticism OF Ameri.
can interest in athletics IL
>. that the great public ats on

vTYHE chief criticism OF Ameri-
can interest In athletics is
- that the great public sits on
the side-lines and on the bleachers
and watches the people who are
playing. The only exercise that
those who frequent the games get
IL the pushing and showing to get
through the crowd at the gate and
the exercise of the larynx when
they shout XIII the umpire" or
the like. They say that shouting
II helpful to the throat. I once
heard a Senator say that nothing
was 20 helpful to digestion a.
making speeches, particularly II
you spoke in q loud tone and ges-
sicuiated 80 - to produce per-
spiration.
There are all kinds Of participa-
tlon in affairs, whether Of sports
or international politics, but II
seems that the Harding Admins
tration has decided that sitting on
the side lines is far better than
getting into the game. Ever since
the debacle. national and interna-
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

Of the word. amin" because 1t was
then supposed that this vitamin
belonged to the same class Of
chemical substances that ar
known as amines.
aside from preventing beri-beri.
this vitamin B is also absolutely
essential to the growth Of young
animals. A mammal fed on an arti-
ficial diet made up Of highly refined
products from which the vitamin
has been removed, will not grow,
but in a short time will decline In
weight rapidly. However, when
some of this vitamin is added to
this deficient diet In the form Of
yeast or some fresh vegetable. the
growth Is resumed almost imme-
diately.
"A" ASSOCIATED WITH FATS.
"The fat soluble vitamin A 10
usually associated with fats, hence
the name. The discovery Of this
vitamin followed q course very
similar to that leading up to the
discovery of vitamin b. Osborne
and Mendell. investigators in this
country. found that when rats were
fed a diet containing all of the
known essential dietary factors,
even including vitamin B. they did
not grow. that in a short time they
usually developed a characteristic
disease Of the eye, which is com.
monty known as xerophthamia.
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

ceptible to this disease, while rats
rarely develop It and seem to be
able to get along fairly well with
OUT this particular vitamin. Most
fruits and fruit juices are very
rich sources Of this vitamin, par
ticularly orange and lemon juice.
II is present also in most fresh
vegetables. Noticeahly among
these are the cabbage and the
turnip.
GREAT>PROGRESS MADE.
Although during the past ten
years very great progress has
been made in getting information
regarding the vitamins. yet this
work is seriously handicapped be-
cause we have no satisfactory
manner Of determining the vita
min content of a given substance,
and we can apply no units OF meas
urement such as grams or cubic
centimeters, which are used In
validating other food constituents.
Practically the only method Of de-
termining the presence and the
relative amount OF vitamin in any
given food product consists Of long
and costly experiments with rats
and guinea pigs.
The process involved in testing
a food vitamin is very similar TO
the course used in ascertaining the
nutritive value OF a protein. For
determining the fat soluble A vita.
min or the water soluble B vita
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

sitive to the action OF certain oxi'
dizing influences. II can stand
considerable high temperature v
the heating is done out OF contact
with the air; but even a substan">
30 rich in vftamin as cod liv~- .-A>
can be entirely deprived Of t'r.
vitamin by heating 1t to ho;l'ns
temperature for a few hours and
bubbling air through 1t. Visamih
c, the anti-scorbutic vitamIn. ~ shs
most unstable o; these Wt.~sn.
and in cooking or canning or sve'.
drying fruits and vegetables. usu-
ally a large part and sometimes all
of this vitamin is completely de-
stroyed.
Besides the three vitamins dis
cussed some evidence has been OBJ
tained that there are still others.
MANY FALSE ALARMS.
A question which Is often asked
Is, how are we to know whether
we are getting enough vitamins or
whether the proteins in the food We
eat contain sufficient amounts OF
the essential amino acids? The ex-
tensive advertisements Of various
proprietary vitamin preparations.
with extravagant curative claims,
give rise to apprehensions and
false alarms in the minds Of many
that they are suffering from the
deficiency Of these dietary factors.
The answer is, that with a diet OF
varied food stuffs, such as cereals,
milk and dairy products. eggs.
meats. salads and a liberal amount
Of fresh vegetables and fruits: In
other words. such a diet as consti.
tutes the ration Of the average per-
son In this country. there need not
be much fear Of a vitamin or amino
acid deficiency. Tho more varied
the diet. the greater assurance that
all of these nutritionally essential
factors are supplied.
1--WE sometimes hear it said that
with the aid Of instincts, tempered
with a little common sense. man
has survived through the ages
without recourse to the results OBJ
tained by scientific investigation.
Granting that there Is some truth
in this argument, It must not be
forgotten that owing to the enor-
nous social and economic changes
of modern days, involving refrig-
Grafton. sterilization, dessication
and milling processes, our natural
choices and preferences and our
instructive demands may be partly
or completely thwarted. The new
knowledge gained by recent prog
ress In the fields Of nutrition IL
not only Of great direct impor-
tance to the welfare of humanity,
but also serves ~ . new light to
guide and illuminate the way to
further discoveries and advance
into the lmitlsss unknown dsids
that lie before u.s."
30 there's your answsr en the
subject Of vitamins by . man who
knows all there II to know about
them and II constantly sxperi-
menting to learn more on the sub
jsct. Tho chemical bureau Of the
Agrfoulturs Department under the
direction Of DR.. W. W. Skinner
IL vitality interested IN the sub
jects Of vitamins and through its
efforts much has been learned OF
these mystsrious substances that
mean % much 10 the proper f,inc-
tiouing Of the human system. At
least ~ have learned one very
important thing BY our chat With
DR.. Jones. We can discard the
drug store vitamin wafer and pei.
lst-eating habit, hunt mp Nggs
and run down to Dinty Moore's
for . good old meal Of corn beef
and caNbags.
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

m,n. young rats are fed on a diet
containing fats. carbohydrates
proteins and salts In adequate
amounts. Moreover these products
must be highly purified. 80 AZ to be
sure that they do not contain any
of the vitamin which ts TO be test
ed. II the vitamin to be tested Ia.
we will say. the fat soluble A
vitamin, II. then becomes necessary
to supply a sufficient amount OF
vitamin b to the basal diet. This
is usually done by adding two. or
three.tenths of a gram OF dried
yeast. The rat Is then placed on
this diet which contains all neces-
sary dietary factors with the ex-
ception OF vitamin A.
Usually the rat will make a
slow growth for period Of twenty
five or thirty days. when the
growth ceases. II starts to decline
in weight and In a few days usually
manifests the symptoms Of xeroph-
thalmia. It's eyes become sore and
finally close entirely and II the rat
IL allowed to continue It will per-
manentIy lose it's eyesight. Be.
fore the decline Of the rat has
proceeded too far, a given amount
of the substance to be tested for
yitamin is added to the diet. II
the substance contains the vitamln
in appreciable amounts. the I'm
movements in the rats condition
should be noticeable in a few days.
Its eyes will clear up. 1t will begin
TO increase in weight and II suff:-
cient of the vitamin A is furnished
in the substance, II will soon attain
TO normal growth and vigorous de-
velopment.
I'm testing for the water solu-
BILE B vitamin, exactly the same
nrocedure is followed with the
exception, that no yeast Is given
since that is the unknown fac
tor. but vitamin A Is supplied
usually In the form Of butter fat Or
cod liver oil. On a diet entirely
lacking in vitamin B. the rat will
grow but a very short time. When
the growth has entirely ceased or
even started to decline. then the
substance to be tested for vita
min b is supplied in definite
amounts. II the vitamin is pres
ent. a resumption Of growth will
follow. So It will be seen that the
methods Of determining the Vita
minis are costly and unsatisfac.
tory, since they give only relative
values. The nearest We can come
to express the amount Of vitamtn
in any given substance 10 to re-
fer to the substance ~ containing
vitamin in abundance. in . rela-
lively large quantity. in small
quantity or absent. 30 that II is
vet impossible to answer such .
question az I received in . letter
a few days ago from . person
who wanted to know how much
vitamin there was in . pint OF
tomatoes and just how much one
should eat In q day to secure the
necessary amount Of vitamin.
"other factors which make the
question Of ascertsinins the Vita
min content Of food products more
complex Is the fact that these
vitamins are unstable. When they
are unduly heated, especially when
they are exposed to the atmos.
phere, or when they are subjected
to the action Of certain chemicals
and processes, these vitainins may
be partially or entirely Destroyed.
However. II u generally supposed
that vitamin B II not seriously
destroyed when subjected to heat
such as IL used In tho usual
process Of cooking vegetables In
the kitchen.
vitamin A seems to bs more sen
The Washington times., 1922-11-12

in the top of q tree and hold II
against all the birds and, beasts
that try to oust our Observer. He
will sit firmly on, hts perch, and
when asked what he is doing II
will be said, as of Poe's Raven,
"Perched. and sat, and nothing
more"
There are large pigeon-holes in
the State Department and the
archives are large. Secretary
Hughes safely slows them away.
The public is never given even
synopsis of the work of the OBJ
server plenipotentiary and locker.
on extraordinary.
ANOTHER GALLIPOLI.
Recently 100000 Greeks were
driven out of Thrace. Lloyd George
saws over a million Christians havc
been killed by cruel Turks in that
part of the world, and President
Harding is appealing earnestly and
properly to the American people TO
keep thousands from starving. n
conference or convention has been