davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14

a legnagyobb bonyodalmakat szok'
ia sziilni szomszedok szamara is.
A cseh hivatalos politika pedig az
ujabb id6ben lily iranyban halad.
Tapasztalhattuk ezt mindunta-
Ian, = mi magyarok is. A kiraly-
kerdesben mar mozgositottak is
hadseregiilzet, a nagyantant
egesz ereje alig volt kepes meg
akadalyozni oket abban, hogy fegy
verrel meg ne kisereljek leszakita-
nj csonka orszagunkbol egy dara-
bot. Most Ausztriara szeretnek
ratenni keziiket. S a nyugatl
allamok mem is Macy dolgot csl-
nalnanak az esetbol, ha befejezett
tenyekkel szemben talalnak magu-
kat. Szerencsere Olaszorszag er-
deke mem turheti meg EFT az atala-
kulast. Az Adria f0lotti hatal-
mat felto Italia mem engedheti
meg, hogy a Jugoszlaviaval $40
yetsegben allo Csehorszag ennyire
megerosodjek. Azert biztosak va
gyunk benne, hogy az osztrak kan
COLLAR nom foo iires kezzal haZa-
j0nni Veronab6l. Aranyzsakokat
mem fog ugyan hazavinni, inert
Austria penziigyi bajain alig le-
het segiteni, mig Oft bels6 ALA
potok meg mem valtoznak, de cseh
predava semmi esetre Sc engedik
szomszedainkat. Els ez reank nez-
We is megnyugtato.-Pes Hir-
lap.)
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14
K1NcsTARI TAKAREKBETET TIGAzoLvANYoK

Az Egyesilt Aalnok kormanya, kncstar es pos
taigyi mnszterium utjan, akama nyujt kozonsegnek
ARA, hogy megtakaritott penzet kamat menet
gyiimocsozoeg elhelyezhesse.
A penziigymniszterum ugyanis kincstari takarekbe-
teh gazovanyokat Treasy Savings Certificates bo-
csat beevok rendelkezesere Ezen gazovanyok 41ad-
kaato hoznak, ha betevok azokat OF evig megtart
jak kamatokat felevenkint szamitjak Az igazolva-
nokat azonban OF ev earta elo is be lehet valiant
barmkor, de ebben esetben kamat csak k0rlbelil
31a9o-ot tesz XII
Az igazovanyok kisebb osszegekro sz6lnak, ugy,
hogy azokat barki negszerezhesse. Vannak $25r6l
sE6lo igazolvanyok ara 500 nel5ek
mex ara $50 $4,000 -osak, ,4nely yeknek ara $500
Valamennyi igazolvanyt kincstar ot 6y muva visz-
szavonja ICY befektetet osszeg o aatt 25 ka-
1patot hoz.
Eek kincstari igazolvanyok vi es egyszeri m6djat
kxpezk rendszeres penzmeg gtakaritasnak Ha valak:
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14
LABDARUG0 BAL

Hetfon este Macy tancmulatsa-
got rendez Kossuth Magyar
Kozmiivelodesi Egylet a kor nagy-
ter1heben a futball csapat jayara.
A kor Macy koltseggel szerelte fel
a csapatot es megcsappant
penztarra rafer egy kis bevetel.
A varos egyik legjobb zenekara
szolgaltatja maid a zenet es tan
cos parokra var a nyar alatt tel
jesen atalakitott hatalmas terem.
A magyar fiatalsag partolja a
Kossuth Kor testgyakorlasi igye-
kezetet. Ep testben ep lelek Ia
Xix. Tegyiik lehetove a fiatalsag
reszere, hogy testet is nevelje,
apolja es er0sitse.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14
A VASMUNKAS ES A SOR

(N) Magasaasu partfog6ra talatak s0r es kony-
nyu Dor baratal Davis munkagyi MINISTER szemeyeben
Davis a maga is bevandoro mint vasnunkas lit dol
gozott Mahoning v0lgy6ben ifjukoraban
Davis konyvet rt 6leerol Ez konyv most van sajt6
latt napokban egyes reszletei nyvanossagra kerl-
tex A konyv egy szakaszaban ICY ir Harding kormany
Jeaenlegi munkaugy ninsztere (Secretary of Iabor)
"A vasnnnkas mem that yizet. Nehez munkaja meg
kiVanja sort, amelynek alkohol tartalma yan''
LelrJa Davis, hogy aikor mint puddler dolgozott a
girardi gyarban szanalanszor atta hogy meeg nehez
munkat v6gz6 mnkastarsai bofzamas gorcsket kaptak
amkor szomjukat yizzel akartak otani.
- "a kfaradt es uleroetett gyomolnak mem lehet vi
yet adn nja Davis. "a gyonrot eloszor Yalami smll-
ussa ke elo1esziten Ere celra legalkalihasabb
i6 sor.''
Mi tudjuk, hogy Dayisnek tejesen igaza van. A ma
gyar vasmukasok sajat tapasztalatukb6 tudjak hogy
viz milyen gorcsoket okoz.
Amerikaban marad bensziilott es nagyreszt hipo-
ra szraz nep AIT hsz hogy bevandorolt nem ehet is
amerika inert megkivanja konnyi alkoholtartalmu
lalokat Az ilyeneknek ajanuk, hogy ovassak lie Davis
konyv6t, ahol ICY If miniszter
PaJtasom aki mellettem dolgozott vasgyarban,
gyakran panaszota nekem hogy ha vzet iszk nnkakoz
ben ugy gyomorg0rcst kp 6s torka osszeszoru de ha
sort iszk ugy megkonnyebbl es utana tud vizet is nn
Allert vegyiik ell eZektO mnkasokto AIT, ami nekik
eIvezet es neknk kar?''
Tul az oceanon munkasok szazadok 6ta isznak ma
latas itaoka (s0r) 6s nemhogy art, hanem haszna
nekik.'
Nemregen Golfers, hatalmas amerikai hetilap k0-
zo egy cikket prohibci6r6 6s tobbek kozt ICY ir ga
bensziott amerika erti forinert. Mem tudia be-
atn hogy Europaban borra es sorre elnek de mertek
letesen es hogy Europa nedves olszagaban meg is
sokkal ksebb reszegseg, mint szaraz Amerikaban A
baj Amerikaban hogy mint sok mas dologban ugy az
vasban is tuloztak embeek. Palinka mertek nelki
hasznaata vezetet prohibic6ra Nagyon is erthet6,
hogy bevandorotak es azok gyermeke, akk m6rt6k-
letes ivas szohazajukban megszoktak csodalkoznak
csonsza1az t0rvenyeken es azokat mem tartjak be-
Ugy latszk ''csontszaraz' Amerka nemsokara megs
'felnedves Amerika lesz.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14
ESEMENYEK
lFolytatas az 1. oldalr6l.)

AIT, amit mondanak, - hogy az
Egyestilt Allamok minden baja-
max az az Okla, hogy mem lepett be
a nemzetek ligajaba. >"Amint a
politikai szenyedelyek csillapod-
max, latjuk nagysagat azon botla-
sunkaak, hogy mem leptiink be n
nemzetek ligajaba,' mondja a
volt demokrata kiilHgyminiszter-
helyettes. A Harrisburg, Pa. Tele-
graph joggal kerdezi, ,shogy kit ert
Mr.. Davis "MI''.< alatt. Talan
.csak mem az amerikai nepet?
Merit hiszen Missouri allamban,
nemreg lezajlott jel0l6-valasztaso-
kat megel6zoleg, a demokrata $40
yetsegi szenatori jel0ltek, Reed es
Long, epen ezt a kerdest valasz-
tettak eva, vagyis azon
fordult meg dolog, hogy a liga-
barat Long yagy Amerikanak Il
Igaba tyal6 belepesA koT*msza-
kadtaig ellenz6 Reed szenator le-
gyen-e jel0lve, Is Missouri demo-
krata polgarai 6riasi tobbseggel
Reed szepatort jeloltek ismet, WI
son ex-eln0k nyiltan kifejezett XII
Yansaga ellenere. Az amerikai
nepnek tehat = ugy latszik =
nem kell a nemzetek ligajanak az
a formaja, melyet Wilson volt el-
n0k javasolt, meg ma sem. Mis-
souri allan demokratai republi-
kanus politikat helyeslik ebben a
kerdesben. Es val6szinuleg a tob-
bi allamok demokrata valaszt6pol-
garainak tobbsege is.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14

James j. Davis, az Egyesiilt AL
lamok munkaugyi minisztere, on
eletrajzot irt, melynek cine
"The Iron Puddler.'' Eletrajza-
ban elmondja a MINISTER, hogy
mikep kizdotte fel magat 3, a be-
vandorolt welsh gyerek, Xxi tizen-
egy ewes -koraban egy sharoni vas
gyarban inaskodott, az elnok ka-
binetjenek tagjava.
Megerkezese Amerikaba
Mikor kis James anyja meg
erkezett Amerikaba, ot gyermeke-
vel egyiitt, egy haj6 fedelkozen,
a kes6bbi MINISTER csak 8 ewes
volt, legidosebb gyermek pedig,
egy leanyka, 10 ewes. Mindjart
a partraszallaskor kellemetlenseg
erte oket. A csalad egesz siege
nyes podgyaszat, ket, fosztott toll
lal telt parnat beleertve, elloptak
toliik. James anyja semmit sem
sajnalt annyira, mint a ket parnat
inert hiszen sok munka es nelkii-
lozes aran szerezte meg azokat.
Ebbe a ket parnaba volt rejtve a
szegeny asszony minden penze is.
EFT kellemetlenseget hamar nyo-
mon kovette egy mask. Ket XII
sebb fla, az egyik 6, mask 4
ewes, partraszallas es parnakere-
ses Zavaraban nyomtalanul eltint.
Davisne becsukta megmaradt ha-
rom gyermeket egy olcso szallo
egyik szobajaba az elveszett ket
kisfiu keresesere indult az isme-
retlen nagy vilagvarosban. Ket
napig jarta az utcakat, mig veg
re megtalalta ket kisfiat egy ia
lalt gyermekek szamara fentartott
menhazban. Ezutan utnak indult
ferjehez az Ohio allambeli Hub
bardba. Mikor megerkezett a
YouRgstoWnnal szomszedos1 varos-
kaba, megtudta, hogy ferje elvesz-
tette allasat ICY kereset nelkul
maradt.
A kesobbi minister, valamint
fiverei es noverei, vasmunkas oyer
mekei leven, ismertek a nyomoru.
sag es pelkiilozss utjait abban az
idoben. Az Greg Davis Pittsburg-
ban kapott munkat, de felesege
mex sehogy sem tetszett fiistos
nagyyaros. Olyan helyen akari
lakni, hd gyermekei szamafa elee
tagas jatsz6terek vanpak $ a hol
viragokat tudjon iiltetni lazek
|szinpompAjaban gyonyorkodni
mint ahogy AIT megszokta ella,
gyott z5jabsn, Wales~bsn. Icy
a csslfd a YenngstowHAoz k0Ee'
fekvS Sharon be k5ltokott, Dol esy
"kompiaia,haz" z"-banr kapett ~
,k3st! mel lxpsk ~ X i, udsyaarat tsliess,yi
ragEfs shan Y levy orgeaasbols sbk
ekesitettfk. Eek = yira agok ORC;
net okoztak Heke& japen ven
hogy Mooseheart szabad teEei sog,
gona-bokrokkal ~aaHak teleiHHett
We .-rpoRdja Nr. p9yis, lNesa.
heart a neve annsk . Gihesgphea
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14
l"ARANY- Y-PRAGA"

A >cseh nep Zlata Prahanak,
Arany-Prag ganak nevezi a maga
fovarosat. Ami szepseg egy vilag-
varosban megfer, az a cseh fanta-
zia szerint = mas alakban ugyan,
mint mashol, - megvan az o met
ropolisukban is. A Hradsin lesz
valaha K0zepeuropa hatalmi koz-
pontia. Cseh lelkek ICY almodJak
EFT es Benes ur nemcsak almodJa,
hanem hirdeti is. is megvalosita-
san dolgozik. Ez veszedelmes do
log. A kozember almodhatik bar.
mily mereszet. De ha allamferfiu
kerget almokat, akinek kezeben
van hatalom, abb6l konnyen szar
mazhatnak orszagokat folforgat0
Macy bajok,
Att6l mem tarthat komclan cgy
nemzet sem, hogy Csehorszag al
land6an hegem6niat tudjon gya-
korolni Europa keleten.. Ehez ke-
pest csehek szama tulkicslny. A
mas nemzetisegek beolvasztasaval
pedig ma mar mem lehet sokmilllos
nemzeteket mestersegesen sossze-
enyvezni. Amellett Csehorszag
f0ldrajzi fekvese es hegysegbe!l
kialakulasa is olyan, hogy mem
lehet centruma egy nagy vilagbi-
rodalomnak.
Mines egyseges yizrendszere. Fo-
ly6inak egy resze az eszaki tenger
fele lett, mask resi- a Dunat tap
lalja. Vizvalaszt6k kiilonitik ell
teriiletet nemcsak a szomszedok-
t6l, akikre a csehek hatalmukat
szeretnek kiterjeszteni, hanem sa
jat orszagreszeiket is egymastol.
Ez okoknal fogva mem volt Cseh-
orszag lenyeges faktor nemzet-
k0zi politikaban soha. Meg akkor
sem, mikor Nemetorszaghoz tarto-
zott S cseh kiraly volt nemet
valasztofejedelmek leghatalmasb-
bika. Csak Rudolf csaszar ideje-
ben volt egy rovid ideig tart6 XII
kvetel, S ep ez ad inspiraci6t cseh
vagyaknak. Csakhogy meg kelle-
ne gondolniok, hogy ennek feJe-
delemnek hatalma mem cseh
eroben gyokerezett. 0 csak seek
helyet tartotta Zlata- -Prahaban
erejet ellenben nemet csaszarsag
es Magyarorszag birtoka kepezte
Els meg kell jegyezni, hogy Habs.
burg csaszarok kozott 3 volt az
egyetlen, akit sajat nepei ker
gettek ell.
4 Mem kell tehat atiol semmikeI
lse felni, hogy Csehorszag azza foe
lyalni, amive Benes es hiyei secret
mex tenpi. Nagyhatalomma :
lszokasos ertelmAben we've e kifeje
,Sc% ..o,,o enr i~sRo,1ylr; n,
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14

potban, hanem mindig keyerYe
van a gyengesegnek elemeivel.
Irigyseg, kapzsisag As rosszindulat
belle vannak keverve minden EN-
Der termeszetebe sztiletEsekor. j.
tisztatalan elenel1et, mint folya-
dekka hewlett yasbol, ki kell vet
nj az ember termeszeteb6l. Lin
coin egyike volt azoknak, xix
megtisztitottak lelkiiket a sors
csapasainak tiizeben.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14

kozel fekvo varoskanak, melyet a
|"Loyal Order of Moose" alapi-
tott. Ennek a rendnek James J.
Davis szamos even at foigazgat6ja
vo1t.)
A halas flu
Kildonc-fiu, cip6tisztito, vas
gyari segedmunkas, hivatalnok,
szakszervezeti tisztvisel6, mtiked-
velo-zenesz, egy orszagos tarsas-
rendnek vezeto tisztyiseloje es az
eln0k kabinetjenek miniszteri
rangban lev6 tagja: ezek azok a
fokok, melyeken James j. Davis
felfele iepkedett palyafutasanak
letrajan, mig eljutott a legmaga-
sahb helyre, melyet egy mem Alne-
rilSaban sziiletett polgarnak az
Egyesilt Allamok alkotmanya Cd
erni megenged.
Mikor anyagi gondjaitol meg
szabadult, elso dolga volt meg ma
is el6 sziileinek 'otthon"-t vasa-
rolni Pittsburg varos elokelo ne
gyedeben, de az 0regek err0l hal
lani sem akartak abban a sze-
reny hajlekban laknak most is,
melyet az Greg Davis sajat kere-
setebd szerzett meg annak idejen.
S0r val6 a yasmunkasnak
Mr.. Davis AIT mendja k0nyye-
ben, hogy nehez munkat vegz5
vas es aceigyari munkasnak s0r
keH, peN viz. A viz betegge te-
szi, mig mersekelt alkohol tartal-
mu s0r erositi ellenall6-kepess&-
get igy kibirja a magasfoku h8-
seget, melyben dolgozni kenyte-
len. -
A ember termeszete - inondia
konyve mas helyen - a vashoz ha-
sonlithato: mem terem tiszta ALA
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1922-09-14

- Rendezes aiatt -. Hogy ert-
sem eztg
- Valoszinuleg a kereskedo ki
fog keresztelkedni.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1922-03-26
CAR ACHIEVEMENTS
REVIEWED BY HEAD
Unusual Activity for Firm
Claimed by Prominent
Maker.
by 4. II. ERskINE,
President of the S(sdebaker
CoruOratiou.

AS general rule l do not believe
in talking about what has been
done in the past. but rather in
planning and preparing for the fu-
ture. However. the production and
sales recordS made by our organ
ization last year have created con-
siderable public interest and caused
Studebaker to be the most widely
discussed automobile company in
the country. On every side the now
famous slogan, This Is Stude-
baker Year" caught the public
fancy and was freely quoted. no
doubt because the results achieved
by the Organization made good the
declaration of the slogan.
Some of these achievements were
the breaking of all previous rec
ords of sales of Studebaker cars,
the showing OF a greater percent
age OF increase in sales over 1890
than any other prominent automo-
bile company. and tho winning OF
first position as the worlds largest
producer Of six-cyl:nder cars.
These. to be sure. were important
records and accomplishments OF
which our organization was duly
apprecIative. Yet the point that
caused most public comment was
the fact that these records were
made during year of general
business depression.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1922-03-26

ditions and On as many persons as
possible. For this purpose a brick
building, 80 feet quare, with walls
~ feet high at the side, and hip
roof. was erected. Its cubic capac-
ity was approximately $4,000 cubic
feet Of air, which is about the vol
ume of a section of the vekicular
tunnel which will contain one car
when the traffic Is active.
A Ford car was installed near the
middle OF this chamber, with a con-
ttnuous stream of water running
int and out of its radiator, to pre-
vent overheating. The axles were
supported on a wooden framework
so that the rear wheels turned clear
of the ground. Against them were
pressed two large wooden pulley
wheels on a piece of heavy shaft
ing, at the ends of which were
wooden paddle wheels. The engine
of the car, therefore, ran with d
fair load. and the power was ex-
pended in mixing the air in the
chamber. The paddle wheels di'
this so effectively that in a number
of tests practically uniform concen-
trations of exhaust gas were found
simultaneously in all parts of the
chamber.
Samples of the exhaust gas I'M
mixed with air were analysed FOR
carbon monoxide. The percentage
ranged between SO and SIS per cent,
with an average OF about per cent
The engine discharged a total OF
about % cubic feet of exhaust gas
per minute, from which we calcu-
lated that approximately is cubic
feet of carbon monoxide were pro-
duced by the car per minute.
In this chamber groups Of a dog
en- or more persons at a time sat or
moved about for periods of one
hour. In addition to the staff OF
this investigation a number OF stu
dents of the Yale Medical School
served as subjects. We take this
opportunity to recognize the intel
ligent and valuable service rem
dered by these young men and
women.
After the tests the general con-
dition and feelings of the subjects,
particularly the occurrence or abb
sence of headache, were noted. When
the subject had breathed fresh air
for five minutes after leaving the
chamber, samples OF lung air, OBJ
tained by having them rebreathe re-
peatedly into a small rubber bag,
were analysed for carbon monoxide.
In such analyses the gas found is
that which has diffused out of the
blood into the lung air, and the
analytical data indicate, therefore,
the tension partial pressure) OF
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1922-03-26
Says Cool, Fresh
Oil Makes Auto
Run Efficiently

when you stop to think how i'm
portant 1t is to get cool, fresh oil
to the bearing surfaces Of an au-
tomobile engine at all times. you
can often wonder why there has
been SO little progres made in the
design OF oiling systems" said Don
c. McCord. vice president OF the new
Standard Motor Car Company of
Pittsburgh, manufacturer OF the
new Standard Eight.
The majority Of cars today are
equipped with the same type Of
splash or combination splash and
pressure systems that We used back
In 1910 and earlier, and while there
have been me/rehnements IL has
been left to aeroplane service with
its exacting demands to evolve the
exclusive 'dry sump" system used
on the new Standard Eight
Briefly. the oil is carried in a
four-gallon tank mounted on the
chassis OF the car and cooled by the
rush Of air as the car moves for
ward. This tank is connected to
the pressure oil pump and oil is
forced through the hollow crank
shaft to the main connecting rod
and cam shaft bearings, piston and
cylinder walls. From these surfaces
IL drains into the crank case where
the scavenging pump forces IL back
to the tank where IL is screened
filtered. cooled and sent on its re-
turn journey to the engine.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1922-03-26
CREAM SEPARATOR
GIVEN new ROLE IN.
OIL RECLAMATION.
Auto Factory Eliminates
Great Waste BY Use
OF Farm Tool.

The cream separator. heretofore
confined to the placid Routine of
farm-life, has been adopted by the
automobile industry and put to
work amid the hum and rear of fac.
tory machinery.
This Up true at least in the big
factories Of The Nash Motors Com
pany, where thousands of doIia-s
are saved each year In the motor
test department by the reclamation
OF oil through cream separators.
incidentally the Nash motor test
department. Is a shining illustration
Of manufacturing efficiency This
Is OF interest to the ultimate cas-
buyer. for the reason that precise
methods OF manufacture and elimi-
nation of waste are what make pos
sible a low list price.
Oil for reclamation is placed IN
large reservoir; from there Il is
piped into two 150-gallon tanks,
which stand on a platform just
above a special centrifugal cream
separator. In the overhead tanks
the oil is heated by steam to a
proper temperature, after which IL
Is allowed to settle for a period of
eight hours. The fluid is then run
through the cream separator. TIE
centrifugal action OF which removes
practically all remaining foreign
matter. Light ends, water and
other foreign substances. by means
OF this process. are practically
eliminated from the lubricant, with
the result that the reclaimed oil is
very high in quality.
The reclamation of oil is but one
phase of the picture of manufacture
ing efficiency presented by the Nash
motor test department. In this de-
partment one motor "breaks-in'
another. city Illuminating gas. in
place of. gasoline, being used as
fuel. The old-time dynmometer
method was too slow and not suffi-
GENTLY efficient for the Nash fac
tory. Now in the test department
one sees two parallel rows OF mo-
tors, thirty-five in a row.
In starting the test the live"
motor is kept in reverse and it's
brother engine in low speed is lin
bered up a bit; then the green"
motor is put In second speed and
finally thrown into high" After
it has become Thoroughly limbe.
the green" motor on its own power
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1922-03-26
AUTO EXHAUST GAS
.NtVEHICLE TUNNEL,
HEALTH DISASTER
Prof. Henderson, of Yale,
Conducts Experiments
Showing Effect.
STUDENTS "GASSED"
Carbon Monoxide Big Factor
In Ventilation Prob
lens.

The plan to construct tunnels
under the Hudson River between
New York and Jersey City for the
use principally of motor vehicles
has raised several problems which
have previously never been extern
sively Investigated, says DR.. Yam
dell Henderson, of Yale Uniyer-
sity, in the March Journal of In
dustrial and Engineering Chemis-
try
The conditions which will pre-
vail in the tunnel under the Hud-
son River will affect the general
public, not only healthy adults but
children and even invalids. The
amount OF traffic is likely to be
large, even from the beginning,
and Is likely to increase in a few
years to the maximum capacity of
the roadway The total amount
or exhaust gas discharged from
passenger cars and trucks will
therefore be considerable. The
distance between the ventilatfng
shafts at the pier heads on the
two sides of the river will be
somewhat more than $500 feet-a
distance greater than in any exist
Ing tunnel used by motor vehicles,
and the total length of the tunnel
about $500 feet between portals.
The ventilation must. therefore. be
ample to prevent not only danger,
but even slight discomfort, and
must be managed in such a fashion
as to avoid excessive wind veloci-
ties. The cost Of Installing venti-
lating fans will, in any case, be an
apprectable item in the initial con-
struction, and the maintenance OF
artificial ventilation during the OPP
GRAFTON of the tunnel is likely to be
one Of the largest single items OF
continuing expense.
Accordingly. the commissions OF
the States Of New York and New
Jersey. through their chief enN-
neer, Clifford NJ. Holland, contracted
with the Bureau of Mines to under
take on their behalf the investiga-
tion OF these basic problemS
l. The amount and character of
the exhaust gas produced by vari-
Gus types and sizes of passenger
cars and trucks.
2. The nature OF the toxic sub
stances in exhaust gas. and their
allowable concentration; that is, the
extent to which the gas must be
diluted with air to become practi-
cally harmless.
g. The movements OF air in ducts.
4. A synthesis OF all these and
related matters on practical work.
ing scale in a vehicular tunnel con-
Structed for this purpose in the eE-
detrimental coal mine Of the Bureau
OF Mines. near Pittsburgh.
The results of these investiga-
tons will together afford the data
upon which plans and designs for
the ventilation OF the tunnel may
be intelligently based.
Problem 1 was placed in charge
OLA c. Fieldner. supervising chem
ne OF the Bureau Of Mines Expert
ment Station, Pittsburgh. Problem
2, of which the results are here to
bc Summarized. was assigned to
Prof Yandell Henderson, OF Yale
Uuivsrsity. consulting psychologist