davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
FATE
MADE CURB FOR
U-BOAT TERROR
Root Formulas Written
Into Laws Of Nations
in Arms Farley.
New Principle Bars Use
of Submarines as Com
merce Destroyers.

Washington. Jan. 6-fBy the Asso-
eiated Press. "A five power contract
to impose the age-old penalties for
piracy against naval commanders who
violate accepted laws of naval war
fare was approved Friday by the arm
ament committee of the Washington
conference. 1t completed the Root
formula for suppression of U-boat ter
rorism at sea and the committee then
moved forward toward prescription
of gas warfare on sea or land.
As the naval experts shaping tech
nical questions in the naval limitation
sections of the Forthcoming treaty still
were wrangling over definitions to make
clear the agreements they already have
reached. the armament committee ad-
iourned on call. The navy men toiled
all day in the hope of concluding at
night. but without success. They. will
complete their work Saturday. how
ever, and the full committee will be in
position to resume Monday with the
way cleared for quick framing OF the
naval limitation treaty and its omnl-
bus burden of allied pacts, understand
ings and declarations.
Root Formula Rearranged
"There was q Encouragement Friday
of the Root formula for curbing sub
marine operations against merchant
craft. As the proposal came from the
armament committee, it was divided
into four separate articles.
The first restated in brief language
the accepted rules Of naval warfare
applying to merchant ships and speci-
fically applied these rules to subma-
rines. The second asked adherence of
all nations to this reaffirmation of in
ternational law. The third proposed a
new principle of international law pro-
hibiting use of submarines as commerce
destroyers. coupled with an agreement
among the five powers to adopt this
rule as among themselves Immediately.
invoking the rule of piracy against
naval commanders violating the declar-
ed laws of war.
AS rearranged later. the piracy rule
becomes No. 3 and is coupled up with
Nos | and >, the purpose being. it was
explained. to seek world agreement on
that principle as an immediate ex-
tension of the existing laws of war
1t could not be applied. it was said.
as to violations Of the new proposal
to ban submarines entirely as COM
merce raiders until that had been ac-
complished by the world.
Final Piracy Resolution
In final form the Root piracy resolu-
ton reads:
'"The signatory powers. desiring to
insure the enforcement of humane rules
of existing law declared by them with
respect to attacks upon and seizure
and destruction of merchant ships. fur
ther declare that any person in the
service of any power who shall vio-
late any of these rules. whether or not
such person is under order of gov
ernmental superior. shall be deemed to
have violated the laws OF war and
shall be liable to trial and punishment
as if for an act of piracy and may
be brought to trial before the civil or
military authorities Of any power with
in the jurisdiction Of which he may be
found
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07

Again Mr.. Root drew the resolu-
ton to effect the prohibition.
Italy gave prompt adhesion to the
anti-gas project as "a real step IN the
path of progress and civilization. Ad-
journment of the committee prevented
the views of other delegations from
being presented, but all We're said to
favor the ban on gas warfare.
1t was not definitely decided at night
whether the anti-gas declaration was
to be incorporated in the voluminous
treaty that will be required to cover
the naval understandings. 1t may be
put forth as a separate product OF the
conference, if final approval is gwen
the Root prohibitory resolution. 1t
seemed more likely. however, that II
would go into the general treaty, soon
to be laid before the armament COM
mittee for final action.
Hughes Presents Gas Ban
Passing to the poison gas discussion,
Secretary Hughes presented first the
report of the sub committee appointed
to deal with new agencies of war.
If showed. among the experts who
considered the subject, n disagreement
on the question as to whether gas war
fare should be wholly abolished. There
was however, the report said, agree
ment in the sub committee on certain
points. reached more or less unan-
imously'
The points of agreement with neces-
sary notifications included the state
ments:
That no nation dared risk an
agreement which might prevent its
preparedness to deal with IAN un-
scrupuous enemy" who might re-
sort to gas warfare.
That attempted prohibition of
such warfare might cause ''mlsun-
derstandings" since many high ex-
plosives used in shells produce gas
fatalities. although not intended as
gas shells. which might lead to the
charge that gas was being used
and to retaliation.
No Ban on Research Proposed
That restriction of research for
new war gases is not practicable.
That restriction of manufacture of
potential gas supplies is not prac-
ticabIe for economic reasons.
That while it was possible to
"confine the action of chemical
warfare gases the same as high
explosives and other means of car
rying on war" there was disagree
ment among the experts as to the
difficulties of carrying this out.
there being less doubt as to the
ability to confine these gases
among tie japanese and Italians.
who know less about them" than
the American, British and French
experts, Thoroughly acquainted
with chemical warfare gases.
Would Limit Use on Cities
That limitation of kinds of gases
through their effects on human be-
ings was not possible. only limit
alton as to the use Of gas against
cities or other civil communities
and freedom in their employment
against armed enemy forces being
practicable.
That the committee was divided
as to whether gas warfare was
similar to any other weapon of
war, again the British, American
and French representatives who
know gas" holding emphatically
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07

which quite recently took the hand Of
an assassin in the near east"
The passage was Immediately trans
lated for NJ BRAND. who first smiled
at the reference to the Angora treaty
between France and the Turkish ma
tionalists. and then retorted:
Yes. but we made his acquaintance
in London"
This reference to the fact that the
confer with the allies last spring pro-
voked laughter. The French premier
refrained from other comment.
Asked to Forget Preiudices
Mr.. Lloyd George declared the allies
had reached point where they must
act decisively and broadly if the econ
omic structure of Europe was to be
saved
1t has been suggested, he continued.
that Great Britain was proposing this
course to escape her obligations, bur.
he declared, this was untrue and Eng
obligations. Asking permission to speak
frankly on the subject of German rep
arations, Mr.. Lloyd George said:
This is impossible unless it can be
by general agreement of the allies
Failing this, the fruits of peace will
rot ungerminated.
THE allies" he continued must
make allowances for each others opin-
ions. Too much has been heard Of in
dividual claims and interests All the
allies have just claims. 1t is recognized
then that all have suffered and sacri-
ficed--some. it is true, more than 9TH
ers. All the sacrifices are not record
ed in evidences of devastation. Al
though formidable. this is the least part
of the havoc and devastation wrought
by the war
No Allowance Under Conditions Now
Prime Minister Lloyd George has de-
cided there can be no question at this
time of formal alliance btween
France and Great Britain, it is said on
good authority. but has held out the
prospect of guarantee to aid France
ii she is again attacked. as in 1914,
under certain conditions
These are. it is stated. that France
cooperate with Great Britain in the
economic restoration of Europe and
consent to notifications of the Ger
man reparation payments on the basis
of half billion gold marks in cash
and billion gold marks in kind in
stead of two billion marks in cash.
CONTINUED on Page Two.l
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
Irish kidnapers Set
London Times Man Free

Dublin, Jan. 6.-By the Associated
Press, "A. B. Kay, the London Times
correspondent, who was kidnapped here
Wednesday by armed men and taken
to Cork, where his release ultimately
was secured through agents Of Michael
Collins, returned to Dublin Friday af-
ternoon.
Kay had not been harmed in any
way by his captors, but his nerves
appeared badly shaken as a result of
his experiences. He declined to make
any statement regarding the kidnap-
ing
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
MOTHER OF De VALERA
COMMENTS BITTERLY

Rochester, N. y, Jan. 6.-Mrs.
Catherine Wheeiwright of this city.
mother of Eamonn de Valera, said
today that she had expected her
sons resignation from the Irish
presidency.
"His resignation at this time"
she said. "is inevitable for the rea-
son that so many of his assistants
have deserted him and deserted the
principles for which ireland fought
for hundreds of years: Through
the efforts of my son, ireland was
brought to the verge of complete
Independence. And then his assist
ants brought back from London a
treaty that simply means that Ire
land is to be kept In bondage. Ire
lands cup of freedom. 50 dearly
bought, has been dashed from her
lips"
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
Closure for a Year
May Be Imposed on
Wyoming Saloons

Cheyenne, Wyo.. Jan. 6.-Virtually
every one of the saloons and soft drink
parlors raided in Sweetwater county,
December % and 20. by Al special
deputies, acting under permission from
Prohibition Commissioner Haynes and
Attorney General Daugherty, face a
penalty Of being closed for a year, it
developed as the outcome of con-
ference between d. G. Thomas, county
attorney Of Sweetwater county, and
Governor Robert d. Carey, during
which action was promised against
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
LLOYD GEORGE SERVES WORD
SELFISH V|CTORS MUST BOW
TO NEEDS At GENOA COUNCIL
British Premier Discusses Reparations Situation
With Blunt Franl<ness; Says All Have Suf-
fered in War and Devastation Is Not Sole Sign
of Claims; World Farley at Genoa in March.

Cannes Jan. 6.-(By The Associated Press).-
regarded by the majority of the delegates here as
amounting to recognition Of the soviet government of
Russia decided upon by the allied supreme council
Friday, when the British proposal for international
financial and economic conference with the participation
of Russia and Germany approved unanimously
The conditions attached to Russian participation
that soviet Russia bosheyik propaganda abroad,
that she undertake not to attack her neighbors and that
she recognize all honorable obligations entered into by
preceding Russian governments.
On the other hand the neighbors of Russia must
undertake not to attack the soviet.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
Four Make Escape
From Refornatory

Lincoln, Neb.. Jan. e.-Four inmates
of the state reformatory here made a
successful break for liberty Friday
night. gaining freedom while the guard
emptied his rifle at them.
The four are Edward Clayton
Thomas O'Grady, Lawson Nelson and
Robert Martin. trusty of the peni-
tentiary, recently transferred here.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
10000 Tourist Autos
Travelled Parks Road:
Expended $4,000, 600

Spokane, Jan. GA total of 60,000
automobile loads of tourists travelled
over the National Parks highway from
May Is to November l, 1921, Frank
w. Guilbert, executive secretary of the
National Parks highway association
reported at the annual convention of
the organization here.
These cars averaged about 10 days
each on the highway, he said. and he
cupants at S6.OOO,000 along the high
way. Mr.. Guilbert expressed the belief
that 10 per cent of the tourists are
potential settlers.
Fred Adams, of this city, supervisor
of the state Columbia basin survey
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07

every place where evidence was Sc
cured.
The proceedings will be brought un-
der the Arnold Injunction and abate-
ment act as passed by the last legis-
lature, provisions of which allow for
the closing for one year OF all houses
where proprietors or tenants have been
found guilty of engaging in bootleg
ging, gambling or prostitution.
The 60 men and women arrested as
the result Of the raids in Rock Springs,
Green River and South Superior will
be arraigned before Federal Judge I.
Blake Kennedy here. January ~.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07

was elected executive secretary of the
association. He succeeds Guilbert, who
resigned.
Other officers were reelected. includ-
ing William Edens. Chicago, president
George NJ Remission. Bismarck. n. D..
eastern vice president; John A. Gel
lattly, Wenatchee. Wash, western vice
president; f. T.. Grove, Spokane, treas
urer.
New members of the executive COM
mittee included: L. Ii. Haskell Glen
dive; d. p. MacRea. Anaconda; W, II.
Griffin, kalispell; J. V. Haskins, Coeur
d'Alene. Idaho; c. y. Martin. Sand
Point. Idaho; J. b. Cowan, Bonners
Ferry, Idaho
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
FIRE MENACES NOTED HOTELS

New York. Jan. Ga furious fire in
the center of the block containing the
McAlpin and Waldorf Astoria hotels
Friday night threatened the two fam
pus hostelries, filling their rooms with
smoke and spouting flames which IL
luminatel that congested section Of
the city and attracted an enormous
crowd of spectators.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
UR0PE'S FOLD OPENS TO S0v|ETS and GERMANY
Force Of 600 Irish
Volunteers Held Up;
Big Stir in Dublin

Dublin, Jan. 6.-(By the AssocI-
ated Press.)-Six hundred Irish
volunteers, who were dispensing
Friday afternoon after a review at
Dromere, County Tyrone, were
stopped and searched by the Ulster
special constabulary and members
Of the royal Irish constabuIary, who
seized a number of revoIvers and
quantity Of equipment. Eleven Of
the volunteers were arrested and
taken to the Omagh military bar
racks.
The incident has created a sem
sati0n in Dublin.
= WE'RE SlNN FEiNERS
Belfast. Jan. 6.-Reports received
here Of the holding up of Irish SOL
diers near Dromere describe the
men as "Sinn Fein volunteers"
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
THEFT OF NEWSY'S DIME
GETS HIM 90 DAYS

Detroit, Jan. 6.-Convicted of steal
ing a dime from a newsboy, Oscar
Yunkman was sentenced Friday to
serve 30 days in the house Of correc-
tion and to pay fine of $100.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
TWO NEGRO WOMEN SHOT
FOR WORKING IN STRIKE

East st. Louis, Jan 6.-Two negro
women employees of packing houses
here where ssrikes are in effect, were
shot and rounded seriously Friday BY
unidentified assailants.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
TURKS AND UKRANlA
SIGN PEACE TREATN

Constantinople, Jan. "a treaty of
friendship between the Turkish ma
tionals ard Ugrania was signed Mon
day at Angora
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
POISON GAS UP IN ARMS PARLEY
F|VE-P0WER PACT LOOMS
TO END CHEMICAL WAR
American Initiative Leads in Another Human
izing Move Against Horrors of International
Bloodshed; Italians First in Adhesion.

Washington Jan 6(By The Associated Presso-A fwe-powe
other similar chemical
beyond human tolerance looms the horizon Of the arms
that under American initiative which put
the future will
be stripped Of the result Of
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-07
No Allowance Under Conditions Now

Continued on Page Two.l
The New York herald., 1922-11-02
Lively Battles in Amateur
Tourney of Parish House

The preliminaries OF the first amateur
boxing tournament OF the Ascension
Parish House last night were produc-
tive Of lively battles among the simon
pures. Only a few OF the bouts were
terminated by knockouts In one Of
these short affairs Johnny Burns of the
promoting organization stopped L. Rob
inson of the Comet A. c. in the first
round in the 10 pound class, and Arthur
Kiernan OF the same club knocked out
s. Adler OF the Union Settlement 4. c.
In the iiS pound class. The summarizes
1f0 POUND CLASS.
Af-hie sapon. Trinity Club, defeated $
shadman. Union Settlement, three rounds.
Judges decision.
johnny Burns. Ascension Parish Houss.
,,1ot Knocked so,,S out L. Robinson Comet a. G"
jean -Finiay, Ascension Parish House. de-
feated Harry Wolen, Ebert A. c., three
rounds. judges decision.
Harry Batter, Union Settlement. three
rounds. judges decision.
Dominick Petrone. ST. Lucy's G. c., defeated
Dave stewart. Metropolitan Life Insurance
A. A., three rounds. judges decision
11s POUND CLASS.
Ben wahlstadler. Trinity Club. defeated
Mike Lange, Comet A. c.. three rounds,
Jack Donohue, Ascension Parish House. de-
fested Al Milman. Union Settlement. three
rounds. judges decesion.
Dick Raimondi. Paulist A. e, defeated John
Fuchs. Union Settlement, three rounds.
judges decision.
Milton Cohen. unattached. defeated A. Irving,
Ascension Parish House. three rounds
Arthur Herman, Ascension Parish House.
knocked out s. Adler. Union Settlement,
first round.
The New York herald., 1922-11-02
STECHER'S SCISSORS
HOLD FELLS CUTLER
Downs Him Twice in Lively
BOut-Nat Pendleton
Wins on Foul.

Joe Stecher threw Charley Cutler
twice in their wrestling bout at the
Pioneer Sporting. Club last night. The
scissors hold expert was in tip top SHAPE
while Cutler was fat and fiabby Stecher
obtained his first fall after wrestling
ffty-seyen minutes with n three-quartsr
nelson and body scissors.
When Cutler went down he was =
fatgued man and the five minutes res.
between falls did him little gooi
Stecher had little difficulty pinning his
shoulders TO the mat a second time.
The second fall came in thirteen minutes
with an arm and body scissors.
Nat Pendleton, former olympic and
intercollegiate champion, won over Yus-
slf Hussane on a foul after 1 hour and
80 minutes of fast and rough milling, I'm
which the contestants appeared evenly
matched.
Twenty minutes from the end, with
both men showing signs of distress. but
Hussane more tired than the youthful
American. the Terrible Turk" took to
rough tactics, which eliminated in his
delivering a right hand punch to the
jaw. Pendleton was thrown out of the
ring about ten times during the bout.
"he men were on their feet for the
first half hour. Pendleton attempted
to settle the question on tine mat. but
Hussane resisted.
Pete Jarvis, claimant of the middle
wci ight title. was defeated by Ed Fields
in the opening bout a rolling fall after
ten minutes giving Fields the decision.
The New York herald., 1922-11-02
Billiard Results

Charles r. Matthews defeated Joseph
Neustadt, $50 to 107 last night in the
continuation OF the invitation 1872 balk-
line tournament at Lawler Brothers
Academy. The victor had high run of
81, and averaged 1876, while Neu
stadt had best string of 12 and averv
age of s-33. Matthews ran So points
~ the first five innings.
l.. Mayer was the victor over NJ.
Michel. 20 to II, last night in the three
cushion tournament at Cranfeld's room.
Mayer scored his winning points after
"a innings.
Arthur Church and James Mature
were the victors last night in the pro-
fessional pocket billiards tournament al
the Fourteenth Street Academy. Church
defeated George Clark. 125 to 124, and
Mature triumphed over Charles Grogan,
125 to ~ The individual high runs
were Nature. %; Church, 81; Clark,
23 Grogan, 22
Charles Harmon and James Mature
will meet in the final of the tournament
tonight. while the other players en-
gage in play-offs for second. third.
fourth and fifth places.
The New York herald., 1922-11-02
KIRKWOOD'S RIVALS
ARE MAKING MERRY.
With Joe Away Australian
Golf Pros Get Chance at
Open Title.
by KERR n. PETRIE.

The departure of Joe Kirkwood seems
TO have left Australian golf free from
the sinister influence OF an overwhelm-
ing favorite or dominant figure. While
Kirkwood was in the United States last
year thep Professionals of the Antipodes
played off for his title--in the annual
championship tournament. of course
and contestant by the name of lie
Fevre won. y few weeks ago the 1922
classic was held, and at that time lie
Fevre gave place to Charles Campbell.
How the experts in Kangarooland must
Shot maker.
But If one is to judge from the scor.
ing the Australians are still some little
distance behind the American prefes-
sionals in point of ability. This. OF
course. has been demonstrated by Kirk
wood himself, for while Joe cast his
shadow over his opponents every time he
started he has never succeeded in caus-
ing the players of this country to do
much worrying.
Campbell won the Australian title
with a score of 307 strokes and unless
Rose Bay is another Lido, which is very
unlikely. this would tend to show how
wide is the gap between their profess
sional standard and the plane of the
experts in this country. Such score as
that which put Campbell on the throne
is two shots better than that with which
the metropolitan open was won at Lido
by Marty O'Loughlin of Plainfield But
then. the metropolitan after all is only
n sectional event. The other meeting
under discussion was national in scope.
And 1t is very much to be doubted il
Australia has anything in all its broad
acres that even remotely approaches
LIDO for general cussedness
lie Fevre Loses Title.
lie Fevre. it should be mentioned. made
determined attempt to take the place
Of Kirkwood as sort of perpetual win
ner. He was on even terms with Camp
bell at the end of fifty-four holes. brs
rs for his last round as against Camp
bells rs left him three strokes behind
At that he carried off second money by
margin of three strokes. Third place
at 313 fell to an amateur by the name of
E. j. Quirk, who again beat by stroke
Ivo III. Whtton. player known to many
of the Americans who competed in the
British amateur championship in 1914
There Is ever thrill i'm the golf cham
pionship, no matter where IL is played.
Campbell began with 10, which was
three worse than the leading score and
two more than was required on his first
eighteen holes by lie Fevre. With a 73
the second time around Campbell leu
for the thirty-six holes, Quirk having
dropped into second place, three strokes
back. at 1856, while LIE Fevre's 81 gave
him 15S. In the third round lie Fevre
had "a. Quirk II and Campbell an
80. so that as they started the last
round these three were tied. Quirk had
an 81 for his fourth attempt. so that at
the finish there was gap of three
strokes between first and second and also
between second and third.