davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-11-05
European Statesmen TremulOus
AS the Turks Grow More Bold

to the AEGEAN through the territory
which they propose shall be governed
by the league of nations. Premier
Stambouliski has stated that he does
not desire to align himself with the
Turks. but the allies should heed their
promise in regard to granting Bull
garia a sea outlet. The Implication
is plain that although Bulgaria has
no desire To align herself with the
Turks, nevertheless allied refusal
may force Bulgaria's hand in this
direction. On the other hand. the idea
of rapprochement with Jugoslavia is
hastened by thes fascist success in
Italy, as the Jugoslavs are preparing
for any eventuality in case the 1tal-
ians should refuse to recognize the
treaty of Rapallo and set in motion
efforts to retain control of the Dali
nation coast and retake Fiume with
the eventual idea of union with italy.
Jugaslavia naturally is not desirous
of having an enemy Bulgar nation at
her rear in case of a clash with italy
and may support Bulgarian repre-
sentations in Lausanne for diplomatic
reasons. Rumanians likewise Are to
be approached by the Bulgarian pre-
mier with the hope of furtherins the
AEGEAN proposition. and Rumania. like
wise fearing future Bulgar alignment
with the Turks, may heed the Sulgar
plea
Sure to Bring Trouble.
However, the incursion of the
Turks into eastern Thrace up to the
line of the Martha river is sure to
bring trouble for the Bulgars should
they stand with the little entente
powers for an autonomous Thrace.
Any agreement between Jugoslavs
and the Bulgars in regard to west
ern Thrace, which the Turks consid-
er their own and may yet strive to
Continued on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1922-11-05
BY N. o. MESSENGER.

many respects the campaign for tho
House Of Representatives. one-thrd Of
the Senate and state officers in a num-
Der Of commonweaths. which has now
closed, was remarkable one with many per-
picking and contradictory features. The out
standing one may be said to be development Of
the existence of widespread discomfort among
the voters; outright dissatisfaction with exist
ing parties and conditions in many places; rest
lessness almost everywhere.
What does it forebode for the next. two
years?" is question which might we'll be
classed as pertinent. and which will occupy the
attention of party leaders and politicians of
note all over the land. Apparently. the plain
voter Is exercising himself over it to degree
exceeding his interest in recent years.
X X
Senator Borah of Idaho. recognized a man
peculiarly independent of strict party ties. be-
Heves. according to his statement last Friday.
that existing conditions portend the creation
of a third party unless he is quick to add. there
Is change in the republican party to meet
what he says is popular demand for more pro-
gressive policies. Fair Interpretation of that
statement would suggest adoption of more radi-
cal policies under the leadership of the repub-
lcan party.
1t is pointed out by politicians that the DEM
ocratic party seems TO have anticipated his
thought in many states. and is already cater
ing for the support of the radical element This
is particularly noted in New York state where
the platform of the democratic party is said
to have far exceeded progressiveness and
trenched perilously upon socialism. 1t may be
retorted that in Iowa the republican party will
have done the thing If Mr.. Brookhart is
elected to the United States Senate. If there
is anything in the way of radicasm which he
has failed to appropriate. careful reading of his
utterances fails to show it. The republican
platform of Iowa, it is true. does not accept
his doctrines, being blending of conservatism
and progressivism, but it is pointed out that it
will be the vote at the polls which will stamp
the party not the platform. and all observers
agree that Col Brookharts entry appears to
be riding to victory next Tuesday, with radi-
calism up"
X X X X
Politicians in discussing Senator Borah's
suggestion-he calls It a warning-ask what the
proposed party would do: would it divide,
supposing it is radical in tendency the radical
vote being sought by the democrats. leav-
Evening star., 1922-11-05

shameless contrapshuns on a dark
night.
We have come q long. long way in
fifty years. Perhaps it Is the COL
lapse of distance under the spell of
rails and wires and gasoline engines.
Perhaps the moving picture and the
printing press have taken our bushes
from US. But something has
changed us.
THE sun do move" and one knows
, it when he sights across the years
off the press. It is a veritable literary
Rip Van Winkle. and. like old Rip.
dear and lovable. But the real joy
Of the Howells book is found in the
proof that we are capable Of prog
ress: that we are not standing still
that the wave really moves and does
not rock up and down upon the tan
| talking tides.
The stated clerk OF the Presbyterian
General Assembly. who ex off1cio is
a preacher OF parts, in a recent ad-
dress, declared that he could see a
visible decline in the barbarous Gus
| toms of American youth-the jazz or
chestra, the caveman dances. the hip
pocket flask. the all-night functions
with breakfast refreshments. The
| stated clerk is on the watchtower
and should know the signs Of the times.
Let US trust that he is not merely
watching tho mirage OF his hopes At
any rate, it is high time for youth to
begin taking the slack out Of its bad
| manners.
A lot of bad mannera. which looked
like bad morals. but which probably
were not what they seemed, followed
tho war and took an excuse from the
war. The war gave a lot of US an
(Continued on Third PaRe0
Evening star., 1922-11-05

cured through private subscription for
investment.
The Colombian program for financial
reorganization, according to DR.. Olaya,
has the hearty support Of all political
parties and Is expected to result in the
republics rapid commercial develop
ment. President Ospina, who visited the
United States last year before his inau-
guration, has picked a cabinet composed
of men Of recognized business ability. and
his administration is dedicated to the
task Of placing the republic on sound
financial basis. His party has come
into power with two of the most prom
inent international issues in Colombia
disposed of-the Colombian treaty with
the United States and a boundary dis
pute with Peru, the latter by an agree
ment which is expected to be ratified
by the congresses of both republics
within a short time.
Obtained 4 Large Loan.
DR.. Olaya has just returned to
Washington from New York, where
he negotiated a loan Of $5,000.000. Sc
cured by lien on customs receipts
from the ports of Barranquilla and
Cartagena. Tho money is to be ap-
piled to tho retirement Of floating
indebtedness held principally in the
United States and Colombia and for
public works. Five million dollars
tho first payment on tho $25,o00.o0o to
lis now due. but Colombia is with
holding acceptance Of this money
pending the financial reorganization
about to take place, during which
the administration will mako definite
plans fer its expenditure.
Colombia's increasing trade with
the United States is Indicated in
figures which show her exports to
this country last year amounted. to
Evening star., 1922-11-05
Widespread Discomfort Among the Voters
Revives Talk of New Political Party

he paid at Cooper Union the other night 10
Secretary Hughes seniority claims. saying that
II 1t should ever como his way to put FORWARD
New York's favorite son. his voice would DO
for Mr.. Hughes. But by the hard-bolleo
politicians with whom confabulated at the
meeting It was suggested that possibly he con-
siderad the possibility Of the Likelihood OF MI
Hughes not caring to again enter presidential
race, and Of course decnation on the Secre-
tary's part would leave but one outstanding fig
ure in New York, Mr.. Miller, Some of the
governors friends contend that even if he is
defeated for reelection it will not end him.
since it is admitted he has shown his mettle
and capacity.
In some political quarters there exists the
opinion that possibly before the next campaign
comes around two conditions may change the
entire current of thought and discussion and
abate the radical menace which now seems
threatening; one would be the interposition of
grave international affairs and relations and
the other an era of business and Industrial
prosperity
1t is the general opinion in financial circles
in New York that soon after election business
will begin to improve and that the United
States will emerge from the depression with
which 1t has been struggling since the close of
the war. If that happens. as so confidently
predicted. the thought is that poor field for
the growth of radicalism will be presented in
this country. Even the farmer, VINO Just now
seems to be the chief grumbler. will find that
share Of the prosperity will rub off on him.
X X X
The suggestion of international questions
coming to the fore with renewed insistence is
advanced in many quarters. growing out of the
disturbed condition of Europe and the deiicacy
of the near east problem. One of the questions
which still is shrouded in the mists of the
future is whether the United States can con-
tinue to keep its skirts from being entangled
in the machinery of European affairs and
whether the extent to which it should hold aloof
may not become a foot ball of politics.
X X X X
Well, II these fellows who are predicting
coming good times justified-at an early
date. II you 'please-the good sense of the
American people may still be depended upon to
settle problems from outside that may be pre-
sented. Anyhow, would all be cheered up
a whole lot and feel stronger to tackle anything
that Fate throws before
Evening star., 1922-11-05

ing the titular republican party to stand for
conservatism? Would not that drive all the
conservative democrats and republicans under
one nag?
More than once tho suggestion is heard that
it might not be bad thing II there could be
straight-away test of sentiment Of the country
with two parties only in the field. one appeal
ing to conservatism and the other to radicalism
Lets have 1t out, once for ALL" they say, and
wish it could be done.
X X \ n
Two years from this time the country will
have to 60 through another presidential cam
paign and long before that the preliminaries
will be under way in the rivalries for the
presidential nominations. That contest must
inevitably the politicians say. precipitate the
issue between conservatism and radicalfsm,
for candidates must announce what they stand
for.
What scramble there is going to be then
for the leadership of sthe "progressive-radicar'
groups as against the "progressive-republican"
elements Of the electorate. And II a third party
Is organized. what a contest for the leadership
of it. Which banner will the "wets." those who
are seeking amendment Of the Volstead act OF
Congress in behalf of light wines and beer en-
roll under? If third party Is undertaken, a
perfect Pandora's box Of troubles will have been
opened the politicians in both the old parties
declare.
1t will be interesting then to note. if II
comes to pass. how certain recognized pro-
gressives will shade down and diferentfate be-
tween radicalism and progfessivism. Consider
Senator Hiram Johnson of California, Senator
Borah himself. Senator La Toilette of Wiscon-
sin R. B. Howell Of Nebraska, Col. Brookhart
of Iowa-which way' will these republicans go.
to the downright radicals or try to amalgamate
the grading opinions into party with COM
promise policies? Then Mr.. Hearst is not to be
overlooked the original John the Baptist Of
progressivism. And don't overlook William G.
McAdoo. who. despite all coy remonstrances to
the contrary. is regarded factor to be
reckoned with in future presidential nomination
developments.
X X X X
Should Gov Miller win the gubernatorial
contest in New York next Tuesday. he will. in
the opinion Of republicans with whom the writer
talked in New York. become a figure in presi-
Dental politics. subject of course to his decla-
ration of recognition of President Hardng's
priority rights. That a gracious tribute
Evening star., 1922-11-05
CONTINUED on Third Page.)
American Commission to Help
ReOrganize COlOmbia's Finances

about $60,000,0o0, while an estimate
on the value of her exports to the
United States this year is placed at
$s0,O0O,0OO. An interesting feature
Of Colombia's financial status Is
shown in the relative stability of her
exchange-the current quoted rate
being about SO per cent Of par. which
is the most favorable of the principal
South American republics. Trade be-
tween the western coast of the United
States and the Pacific coast OF Co
lombia has been increasing rapidly
during the last year, one of the
principal factors being the completion
of a railroad line connecting Co
lombia's Pacific coast with the In
terror American textile manufactur-
ing and sugar refining machinery has
found a ready market in Colombia's
interior, and large shipments have
been sent from San Francisco.
Opportunity for Futuer.
Occupying an area of 100000 square
miles-or more than that Of all the
states along our own Atlantic sea-
board from Maine to Florloa-So-
lombia presents one Of the greatest
opportunities in South America for
future development Ranking third
in population among the Latin Amer
ican countries, the republic is noted
for it's wealth Of natural resources.
development of which has been
greatly retarded by lack of trans
portation facilities Colombia Is the
second largest producers of coffee In
the world, and the largest producer OF
platinum: Among her agricultural
products are bananas, sugar cane, to-
bacco and medicinal herbs. Cattle
raising is also an important indus
try. Gold, silver, emeralds, coal, iron
and copper are found and mined to
more or less extent, but the chief In
terest in Colombian minerals now
centers in the oil fields, in which
American and foreign interests have
made large Investments.
Evening star., 1922-11-05

democrats for the repeal and against
propositions advanced by the silver
democrats and populists for free COIN
age Of silver at ratios of sixteen to
one and twenty to one.
Then the Treasury stopped buying
silver and the situation improved. but
industrial stagnation continued. Coin
cidentally the Wilson-Gorman tariff
bill was passed and became a law
without Clevelands approval. Cleve-
land pronounced 1t party perfidy and
party dishonor" In the midst of his
administration the republicans, taking
advantage of the hard times. elected
a majority of the Fifty-fourth Con-
gress. which paved the way for re-
publican success in 1896. In that year
the campaign was fought out on the
money question chiefly, but the tariff
played a large part.
Fought on Money Question.
The republicans came out un-
equivocally for the gold standard and
Mckinley received the support of gold
party and nominated Palmer and
Buckner.
The republicans from silver-mining
states, led by Senator Teller of
Colorado, left the republican conven-
ton In st. Louis when the gold plank
was adopted and supported Bryan.
Bryan captured the democratic
nomination in Chicago on his famous
"cross Of gold and crown Of thorns"
speech. and made whirlwind cam
paign throughout the country. Nc
Kinley stayed at home in Canton.
which became a mecca for republican
leaders. That was the original front
porch campaign" The Mckinley
slogan was "Open the mills and not
Evening star., 1922-11-05
BY BEN MckELWAY.

bian minister to the United
States, will be notified by Ca
BILE soon to arrange for the
appointment of group OF financial ex-
perts-to be selected in the United
States-as advisors to the Colombian
minister of finance. who is about to
undertake a reorganization Of the finan-
cial system of his government. One
Interesting phase Of the matter Is that
the Americans chosen will play an I'M
portant part in arranging for the ex-
penditure by Colombia of the $25'0oo'-
600 which the United States Is to pay
that republic under the terms OF the
recently concluded treaty.
One Of the first steps In the proposed
financial reorganization Of Colombia
will be to obtain in the United States
n loan approximating $s0,000.000, pay
ments to extend over a period OF sew
eral years. A financial mission. headed
BY the minister Of finance. is expected
to visit the United States to negotiate
this loan about the first Of the year.
All OF InlS IHOHcys II 10 AieSN' '
be used for the construction Of Colom-
blan railways and will place that re-
public among the foremost in the Latin
American republics In tho way OF rail
transportation facilities
To Buy Materials Here.
According to DR.. olaya, materials for
Tho railroad building will be purchased
in the United States and American COM
panIes will be asked to bid on the con-
etruction work.
Another step in the financial read
sustment of the republic will be the re-
establishment Of q national bank Of
issue. capitalized at $lo.ooo.ooo, half OF
which will be obtained from the ma
Aonal treasury. .anothar half, to b ~
Evening star., 1922-11-05
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.
THE Turk has waved his scimitar
again.

VIE Iurk mas waved MS SclHltdr
again.
And. promtly, all European
nations, large and small. have
had an attack Of buck ague."
Paradoxical as 1t may seem. there
is but one nation that will particle
ference that has a definite policy.
That is Turkey. And as Ismet Pasha,
nationalist foreign minister. points
out. she has an army and will use
1t If resisted.
There is wide divergence of opinion
while the little fellows. who keep
their ears close to the ground, at
tempting to determine which way
Paris. London or Rome will jump.
are as much in doubt as to future
courses as they ever were.
Instead Of the allied powers and
their smaller brothers approaching
the Lausanne conference with firm
ness. with fixed principles and deter
mination to enforce them, no matter
what may result, there Is lack of
cohesion, a striking absence Of brave
~. Ono almost can hear and see
the Turk marching firmly toward the
Swiss city, with colors flying. with
head up. conscious Of his power and
determined to realize all that 1t will
bring him. On the other hand. one
almost can hear tho other powers
chatter-'Bu-b b. bu-but, w-w-w-what
IL the T-t-t-Turks r-r-r-refuse? W.
are we to d-d-d-do?
And these allies imperiously once
Kicked the Turk out Of Europe. bag
and baggage and imposed upon him
conditions of the victorious.
HoASe-PodEe Apparent.
Evening star., 1922-11-05

Note.-In publishing this ar
ticle by the brilliant editor of
the Emporia Gazette The Star
does not necessarily indorse the
views he expresses. But Mr..
White brings to the discussion
of current events a fertile mind
and an entertaining style. and
a discriminating public will
place it's own valuation upon
the opinions he advances.
Evening star., 1922-11-05
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

M or "a living wage
there is practically no
distinction between them
for both have to be expended at the
corner grocery Store? The recent
decision of the Railroad Labor
Board in the maintenance Of way
employees case has stirred up the
question.
There amt no such animal" one
government official declared, when
he was asked for information.
That is" he continued, there isn't
any such thing as the living wage
as established by a governmental
body in this country. living wage
today is what a man gets. 1t al
ways has been SO. and probably al
ways will be So"
1t is interesting. however. to note
the tendency in this country in re-
cent years to stress the need for
diving wage" When the war broke
out and costs of living began to soar.
1t was impossible for employees in
many industries to live on the wages
they were receiving. There was
clamor for higher pay. and rightly SO.
Employers as a rule were making
greater and greater profits.
Government Gave Bonus.
The government recognized the
need for an increase in wages by
granting, through congressional ac-
ton, bonus" to its employees.
Outside. employees demanded and re-
ceived very great increases in wages.
Labor was scarce. 1t was in a posi-
tion to make such demands. The
living wage" became a common
term, banded about by many per-
sons including both employees and
employers. A demand arose for some
definition of a living wage. particu-
larly in connection with the govern
ment employees. commission was
created by Congress to reciassify
the government employees. with the
understanding that the bonus would
be done away with, and the en-
ployes would receive adequate pay
for the work performed.
To aid the commission. the bureau
of labor statistics of the Depart
ment Of Labor undertook to deter
mine a wage that would maintain
! a family of five in the District Of
Columbia "at a level OF health
| and decency." 1t undertook to es-
| tablish a quantity budget" the num-
ber or quantity of various things
| necessary to maintain the living
level referred to, and the cost OF
| such a budget.
Budget Staggered Congress.
When the bureau reported. it showed
that the cost of such a budget was
2.262.47, which, it must be admitted.
staggered the members Of Congress in
tent upon furnishing a ''living wage"
and all it implies to the government en-
ployes. When it was examined in de-
tail they marveled that any family
could get along with so little of the
various items included in the budget
Rut when the total cost was reached
they declared it was too much. There
you are.
This budget, or standard of living plus
the cost thereof, was compiled in 1919
and the cost of living. according to the
statistics Of the bureau, have dropped
since then, SO the cost Of the budget
would be less today, in fact would be
approximately $3.50.
It is the only attempt which has been
made by federal government agency
to set up a standard Of living. with
attendant budget and cost thereof. 1t
applies only to government employees in
the federal departments in Washington.
It would be absurd. 1t is pointed out,
to seek to apply this budget to workers
Evening star., 1922-11-05

to assemble. probably to remain for
many, many weeks in effort to ad-
just the wide Emergencies of opinion
between the Turks and allies. save
the face of western powers In final
reckonings. and preserve their vital
interests, the hodge-podge of nation
alistic hopes, selfish interest. diplo-
matte qualms and governmental ex-
pediencies becomes more plainly ap-
parent. The allies. as a matter of
fact, grow more and more suspicious
Of each other seizing unfair advantage
in the Lausanne deliberations, while
at the same time they recognize that
il there is not some concerted agree
ment among themselves the war will
have been fought in vain in so far as
the imposition of the worlds wishes
in regard to Turkey is concerned.
Nevertheless there are few signs of
CO -ordinated effort, Notwithstanding
the evident desire of teh two prin-
ciple nations concerned-England and
France-to reach agreement in the
conferences between Poincare and
Curzon. The smaller fellows are not
trying much to agree on anything ex-
cept to save their nationalistic skins
from Turkish Goals, and these, it is
plainly evident. may yet be heaped upon
the heads of Balkan countries in
plenty II the Turks are permitted un-
restrained and permanent foothold In
Europe.
Balkans Are A8og.
The Balkans at the moment are
agog.s The Bulgarians. supposed
friends of the Turk. evidently have
thought Of self-preservation for the
moment and Premier Stambouliski
has approached Jugoslavia with the
idea of reapproachment between the
two nations in the hope that an au-
tonomous Thrace can be created at
Lausanne and Bulgaria given outlet