Evening star., 1922-02-23
.ARB|TER DEGREES
/. 8:HOUR PRESS DAY
Federal Judge in New York
Eliminates Some Union
Working Conditions.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, February ga deci-
sion by Federal Judge Manton as ar
bitter between the Publishers Associa-
tion Of New York and Web Pressmens
Union. No. 25. made public yesterday.
provides for maintaining the present
wage scale; takes the position that
every one should work eight hours daily,
whether employed during daylight or
night time. and eliminates several work.
ing conditions heretofore prevailing.
Both sides had agreed to abide by the
decision. which is to form the basis of
a contract extending for eighteen
months from March 1 next
The judge decreed that overtime pay
should be made only for time actually
worked. Heretofore the union demanded
and received an hours overtime for any
fractional part.
Number Of Men, ON Presses.
The publisher is to have the sole right
to determine the number of men neceS-
sary to operate the presses. In the past
the union designated the number. Press
crews hereafter may be transferred from
ously forbidden.
Wages for apprentices were reduced
to $3.50 a day for the first two years
and IS for the next three. Day foremen
will receive $3.50 and night foremen So.
Judge Manton held that there had been
a decrease In the cost Of living, although
not in rents.
In stretching the work time to
eight hours, Judge Manton declared
that the eight-hour day had been es-
ognized. A shift of twelve hours is
established by practice in a great ma
jority Of other cities, the decision
said, and in New York city alone has
there been six-hour shift.
Under the new ruling any eight
may be selected for a workman by
the publisher. and likewise any pc
riod between pm. and am. for the
night men, exclusive of lunch time.
Employer and Employe.
Judge Manton went into detail in
defining employer and employe and
their fundamental relationship.
The, The employer npE;ye ne1 is deemed d. to have have
represents his will. not merely in the
ultimate result of the work, but in
the Details" the decision said.
THE employe is one who engages
in the performance of proper duties
assigned to him by his employer and
~ Wv ~ fNS' AAS Ne-oo.o .
for the pleasure or interest of anoth-
er. His duties should be defined and
directed by his employer. The pur-
pose and thought should be. to in
crease the quantity and quality of
work and add productivity inuring to
the general welfare Of mankind.
ITO state this purpose necessarily
means to encourage improved meth
DDS, the use of new machinerNoand
contrivances to bring to the work the
best efforts and to give contentment
to the workers. Arbitrary and useless
rules as to- working conditions which
result in a waste Of time and loss Of
productivity should. be eliminated.
Whether the contract between the
employer and employe Is oral or in
writing, these all-important terms are
implied or stated. The employer
promises the employe value in money
for the value in services performed.
He also promises care and caution, ac-
cording to reasonable and humane
principles, for the safety and health
of his employe. The employe promises
value in services for the wages re-
ceived; his best endeavors to active
productivity in the industry and care
and caution for his own protection
and the protection Of his fellow en-
pfoyes, as well as for the employers
property. A recognition of these
reciprocal duties will go a long way