Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-02-04
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
BY DR. ANDREW NJ SOULE

acreage to a desirable degree. We
can plant cereals on the cotton land
to the very best advantage. There
is no section of the country in which
winter oats can be grown to greater
advantage than in Georgia. We are
raising ten to twelve million bushels
of this crop whereas we need a hun
dred million bushels. We can feed
oats with the utmost success to all
classes of live stock, hence we keep
a cover crop on the land by this
practice and provide ourselves with
an essential concentrate for the rapid
Investigation of our animal indus
tries.
Land intended for cotton should be
plowed and prepared as completely
as possible in the fall or the very
early winter so that the earliest pos
sible planting may be accomplished.
Liberal fertilization is desirable.
This fertilization should be of a char
acter that will hasten maturity and
not produce a uper-abundance OF
stalks. 1t is problematical at this
time, therefore, as to how much
nitrogen to use, but we know that
in emphasizing applications of acid
phosphate and potash we are acting
wisely and in accordance with the
best dictates Of scientific inVestiga-
ton.
The next thing is to get an early
maturing variety of cotton, one that
has low vegetative branches that
set on fruit close to the ground and
develops and natures the bolls rap
idly. There is all the difference in
a. hntWG9n
varieties. We have found College
No. /. a strain developed by the
plant breeders associated with this
institution, to be practically two
weeks earlier than any other variety
with which we are acquainted. AS
a. result, farmers who have grown
very highly and regard it in many
it under weevil conditions praise 1t
respects as a veritable godSend.
AS soon as the cotton is out of the
ground chop to a stand, cultivate fire.
duently and rapidly, pick the old
weevils out of the hollis as soon as
they appear, pick up the fallen
squares and destroy them, and dust
with calcium arsenate from early IN
the season up until the middle OF
July to thM first of August, depend
ing on circumstances. A rigorous
fight against the Weevil carried cut
along the lines indicated should en-
able thousands of farmers to raise
anywhere from 40 to 80 per cent OF
a cotton crop even in sections Whefe
the weevil infestatiCn is very heavy.
We advise the reduction of the acre
age in cotton to from six to eight
acres to the pillow. We would in
crease the corn acreage, the cereal
gumes very considerably.
There should be at least two
brood sows, fifty hens and at
least one good COW m the one-horse
farm. There should be Cne-half acre
in orchard, and as much more in
garden crops. There should be at
least IL acres in grazing crops
for the maintenance of hogs and cat
tie as we'll. If the plans suggested
are followed out the income OF the
average farm in this state can be
maintained en- the same basis as
where it was devoted solely to the
production of cotton, and our people
will be more prosperous because
they will be supplying an abundance
of food for both man and beast, di-
versifying their crops to a desirable
degree, and making cotton surplus
crop indeed and in fact.
We can undoubtedly expand our
dairy, beef and pork-producing in
dustries to a very large degree.
think I can safely say there is a
demand in Georgia for a million
head of hcgs more than we have at
this time, though I think we now
stand seventh of the states in the
matter of hog production. We are
only producing a small amount of
the milk, butter and cheese we cen
sumo. 1 am glad to say that cream
cries are being established at stra-
tegic points throughout our state
and that this industry is on the up
grade. It will provide a ready and
desirable market for our farmers.
We are not producing enough beef
to- meet the requirements Of home
consumption as yet, and we GER
tainly need to lay very great en-
phasis on poultry production.
The first thing we have to do
about the marketing proposition in
order to make commendable prog
ress, is to standardize production, a
matter to which little attention has
been given in the past. The market
ing proposition is in large measure
an educational undertaking. We are
making rapid progress. along this
line. We are also forming communi-
ty commodity organizations for the
handling of perishable and other es-
sential commodities. In order that
we may disseminate the largest
amount of information along mar
keting lines we are preparing to
hold a conference at this institution
from January % to %, 1922. We
will ask that representatives be
sent from every county in the state.
We want not only the farmers, but
the business men and the bankers.
We intend to, supply them with the
fundamental information needed to
insure substantial progress being
made in the standardization of crops
and in the preparation of the same
for marketing on a basis which will
insure the most ready assimilation
and distribution of any available
SURPRISES. We also wish to- have
every phase Of the marketing or.
ganization problem discussed by ex-
perts, and then we intend that the
field force of our extension division,
including the 250 county agents,
shall get behind an intelligent pro-
ducticl and educational marketing
program that we believe will do
much towards solving many of the
difficult problems by which we are
now confronted.
Coffee Stains
Fresh coffee stains can be remov-