The Devils Lake world. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1920-1982, 1922-03-01
III

tuuSI ull1uldlcly UcdI.
III
Now that the farmers are stirring,
thinking, and uniting as never before
to eradicate these inequalities, they
are subjected to stern economic lee
lures, and are met with the accusation
that they are demanding, and are the
recipients Of, special privileges. Let
us see what privileges the government
has conferred on the farmers. Much
has been made of Section 6 Of the
Clayton Antitrust Act, which pur-
ported to permit them to combine with
immunity, under certain conditions.
Admitting that, nominally. this ex-
emption was in the nature of special
privilege,-though think it was so in
appearance rather than in fact,-we
find that the courts have nullified it
by judicial Interpretation. Why should
not the farmers be permitted to ac-
complish by cooperative methods what
other businesses are already doing by
cooperation in the form Of incorpora-
ton? If it be proper for men to form,
by fusion Of existing corporations or
otherwise, corporation that controls
the entire production Of commodity,
or a large part Of it, why is it not
proper for group of farmers to unite
for the marketing Of their common
products, either in one or in several
selling agencies? Why should 1t be
right for q hundred thousand corporate
shareholders to direct Is or 30 or 40
per cent of an industry, and wrong for
a hundred thousand cooperative
farmers to control no larger proper
ton of the wheat crop, or cotton, or
any other product?
The Department Of Agriculture Is
often spoken Of as special concession
to the farmers, but in its commercial
results, 1t is Of as much benefit to the
buyers and consumers Of agricultural
products as to the producers, or even
more. 1 do not suppose that anyone
opposes the benefits that the farmers
derive from the educational and re-
search work Of the department, or the
help that it gives them in working out
improved cultural methods and prac-
tees, in developing better yielding va
rieties through breeding and selection,
in introducing new varieties from re-
mote parts Of the world and adapting
them to our climate and economic con-
dition, and in devising practical meas
ures for the elimination or control Of
dangerous and destructive animal and
plant diseases, insect pests, and the
like. All these things manifestly tend
to stimulate and enlarge production,
and their general beneficial effects are
obvious.
It is complained that, whereas the
law restricts Federal Reserve banks
to three months time for commercial
paper, the farmer Is allowed SIX
months on his notes. This is not a
special privilege, but merely such a
recognition of business conditions al
makes it possible for country banks
to do business with country people.
The crop farmer has only one turn
over q year, while the merchant and
manufacturer have many. Incidental
", I note that the Federal Reserve
Board has Just authorized the Fed.
eral Reserve banks to discount export
paper for a period Of six months, to
conform to the nature of the bust.
ness.
The Farm Loan banks are pointed
to as an instance Of special govern
| ment favor for farmers. Are they moi
| rather the outcome Of laudable efforts
to equalize rural and urban condi
lions! And about all the government
does there Is to help set up an ad
ministrative organization and lend {
little credit at the start. Eventually
the farmers will provide all the CAPT
tai and carry all the liabilities them
selves. 1t Is true that Farm Loa1
bonds are tax exempt; but so ar
bonds Of municipal light and Traction
plants, and new housing is to be ex
empt from taxation, in New York, To-
ten years.
On the other hand, the farmer read
Of plans for municipal housing prof.
ects that run into the billions, Of hun
dreds Of millions annually spent OIL
the merchant marine; he reads tina
lNc railways are OCAu& AuVOICA Will
increased rates and virtual guarantee
Of earnings by the government, will
the result to him Of an increased tol
on all that he sells and all that h,
buys. He hears Of many manifesto
lions Of governmental concern for par
ticular industries and interests. Res
cuing the railways from Insolvency i
undoubtedly for the benefit Of tn
country as a whole, but what can b.
Of more general benefit than encour
agement Of ample production of tn
principal necessarles Of life and thei
even flow from contented producers t
satisfied consumers?
While it may be conceded tina
special governmental aid may be nee
essary in the general interest, we mus
all agree that 1t is difficult to see VIII
agriculture and the production and dis
tribution Of farm products are not az
corded the same opportunities that ar
provided for other businesses; espe
cially as the enjoyment by the farme
| ~ Ruch OnnOrtun1tipS would annoor =