Evening star., 1922-10-08
CAR AND KAISER RULE,
DC. SCHOOL BOOKS TEACH

Continued from First Page)
supplies for the additional pupils who
enroll each year
For three successive years. it was
pointed out, school officials asked for
an appropriation of s15O,O0O for sup
plies. and each time his figure was re-
duced to 100000. Meantime. the en-
rollment has increased about 5000, and
these pupils. consequently, are forced
to use the obsolete books and so with
out many of the essential school sup
plies.
Children's Minds Confused.
Some excerpts from these text books
show precisely what confuses the
minds of the unfortunate children
when they begin TO study ageoSraphy
lesson. Take the fifth grade pupils
beginning the study of geography for
the first time. Undoubtedly they are
with some OF the fuEda-
mental changes in Europe as result
of the world war. They know some
thing of the upheaval which detached
Russia from the western powers. But
in the geography given them to study
issued in 1918 bv Tarr and McMur-
ray, they read:
Russia. in Europe, is as large as
all the other European countries to-
gether, and the Russian empire, which
includes Siberia and other lands in
Asia, occupies about Cne-sixth Of the
land upon the globe" Of course. this
is no longer fact.
The emperor, or car" continues
the geography. lis an absolute mon
arch whose will alone is law In
purely local matters, however. the
peasants have a voice. Those of each
locality meet in mir, or assembly, to
discuss the matters of common inter
est and to elect officers from their
somewhat as it is done in
town meetings in the United States.
Many of the Russians have long
been dissatisfied with this form OF
and have demanded that
the people be given more power. At
last the czar has allowed the people
to elect a national body of repre-
sentatives. called the duma. They are
however. able to do little beyond what
the rulers allow. and there is still
much complaint
Poland Still Divided.
Then the book adds: Thus far the
Russians have not founh it possible
to obtain possession of Constantine
pie, although they have no doubt felt
a yearning in that direction. Why?
They have, however, extended their
territory in other directions. For ex-
ample. they have gained much land
in central Europe. At one time there
was a powerful kingdom here, called
but this was divided among
Russia. Austria and Germany
Under the caption of the German
Empire the book tells the pupils
that:
"The position of the German en-
pire Gncluding outside possessions)
is strikingly different from that of
Great Britain. Only about one-third
Of it's boundary Is water. while it
borders upon several independent
besides Luxembourg.
1T contains nearly 209.000 square
miles, being little larger than
France and twice the size of Colo
or about eighty-one times
as many as Colorado and 25,00o. 900
more than France"
Germany, up to date. is a republic,
as a result of a revolution in Novem-
ber. 1918. when Emperor William II
was forced to abidcate. but the book
makes no mention of this fact, re-
Neither does it state that the terri
torial losses of Germany as a result
Of the war reduced the country's s
possessions.
"All together" continues the geog-
raphy, there are twenty-six states
within the (German) empire. some of
them being kingdoms. some duchies
and some merely free towns. These
states are united under a central au-
thority. more closely than our states
In place of a president they have an
emperor. the King of Prussia being
by law the Emperor of Germany; and
their form of government is a limited
The power OF the German
emperor is. however. much greater
Tar less absolute than that of the
Russian car
Now Germany has a president, and
The former emperor is planning to
be remarked in exile.
Germany as War Power.
Speaking of Germany's preparation
FOR war. the geography says:
In order to defend her present
and possibly to enlarge
them, Germany has given much
thought to war In fact preparation
For war is one of her leading occu-
pations. Each Of the great powers
has made such preparation to some
extent; for it has been clear that q
dispute might arise at any time that
would need to be settled by force,
and the nation that Is most fully pre-
pared will enjoy q great advantage.
Really expecting war more fully than
he other countries, Germany is de-
Lermined to secure this advantage
when it begins"
Referring to Austria Hungary, the
book says:
,ire and the kingdom Of Hungary
we're united under the Emperor Jo-
,eph- to form the empire of Hungary.
Each of these countries has its own