Evening journal., 1922-10-09

I 1913 TO 1871 inclusive, lssueu y
the United States Bureau of Labor
May 22. 1922 bulletin OF u. S. Blu
reau of Labor Statistics No. 800
Retail Prices and Cost of Livinl
! Series).
simultaneously with the dehatioi
Of farm credits. the American farm
er had 10 contend with larger guam
titles of agricultural imports of al
characters than ever before In thu
history of this country. These i'm
ports included cereals from Argen
tine and Canada; potatoes, eggs anc
butter from Denmark and Canada
beef from Argentine and Canada
lamb and mutton from Australia
New Zealand and England, and 9th
er agricultural products from va
rious quarters of the globe. All OF
these agricultural products were be-
ing imported free of duty under the
Underwood tariff.
For the purpose of stopping this
tremendous food of agricultural i'm
ports. the Ways and Means Commit
tee of the Republican House OF Rep
resentatives, on December 20, 1920,
introduced the Emergency, or Far
mers Tariff Bill. The bill passed
the House December 22nd. 1t was
opposed on the floor OF the House
by Democratic leaders.
1.-THE Emergency Tariff has been
instrumental in raising the price Of
dairy products of the American
farmer and keeping those prices
above the international level OF
dairy prices.
I'm 1920, the United States I'M
ported four times az much butter
under the Underwood tariff as dur
ing any previous year in the history
of the country. Denmark was the
source OF SO per cent OF these but
ter imports. About 25 per cent
came from Canada, IL per cent
from Argentina, and 8 per cent from
the Netherlands. These imports
were largely concentrated In New
York. Boston and Philadelphia. The
imports of butter in New York in
1920 was II per cent of New York's
requirements. according TO state
ments made by the United States
Tariff Commission In a report II
fled with the u. s. Senate June %,
1922. The U. S. Tariff Commission
In this report, further states that
since New York Is the country's
largest consuming market and draws
4 large portion of its supply from
he Middle West. the effect of i'm
ports upon the New York market
vas reflected in other important
markets through the country
Thereafter. with but few ex-
,ections.' says the United States
Tariff Commission. the New York
rice was higher than the London
'rice. the average margin being 40
ents. The Emergency Tariff was
hus effective in maintaining the
domestic above the British price.
Tn drawing a conclusion regard
ng the effect OF the Emergency
Tariff upon the price OF cattle. the
J. S. Tariff Commission, in It's re-
,ort to the Senate, says. Canadian
,rices have followed the declining
world market. while American
prices steadled at level consider
IDLY above the international level.
Farmers Great StabiIIzers.
Secretary Of Agriculture Wallace
ruly said, Some people seem TO
hink that farmers are radically
minded and would play smash with |
,ur form of government IL they
iould have their way. All history
'roves the contrary. Farmers al
Ways have been and are now the |
reat stabilizing force in govern
nent. Farmers do not start revo-
utions. They do not strike and /
reate industrial paralysis. They do
ot demand an unfair advantage.
hey think things through and
each sound conclusions on state
nd national policies. Once they
re convinced that things are being
ct up against them, they will set
bout II deliberately and effectively
o correct this condition through
he orderly processes of govern
tent.
Never In the same length of
me did Congress ever give more
srious attention to farm needs. All
this legislation is of construc-
elpful than is now realized
The Republican Congress during
s special session which convened in
pril, 1921, and during its regular
,ssion which began in December,
)21, devoted much attention to
Irming and livestock interests be-
,use OF the unprecedented depres-
on which prevailed throughout the
;rlcultural sections of the country
hen the Republican administration
me into power. 1t is no exageera-
on to state that agricultural con-
tlons were worse when the Re
iblican administration took charge
ian they had been for a genera
on.
Two factors largely contributed :
this condition; First, an increas- (
gly large quantity of agricultural !
lports from various countries ad-
tilted by the Underwood tariff act. s
lese quantities. while not. compar-
lie with the tremendous produc- !
on of the American farm. were I
I quite sufficient. when dumped {
/ the market, to break farm prices
Isl at the time the American pro-
lcer was marketing his years {
ops. Second. the sudden and un- Z
arranted restriction of credit to {
Ie American farmer in the sum- I
or Of 1920 by the Democratic adj !
inistration. ,
In addition to being the nations ]
latest producer, the American ]
rmer is the nations greatest CON /
lmer. The farming class Is the I
'eatest single buyer in America OF !
anufactured products of ell kinds. ]
1T is the largest consumer OF q
eel OF any class Of users Of steel 7
America, with the exception Of a
lie railroads. c
Directly and Indirectly It con a