davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
INCREASE IN RAIL
WAGES HITS FARMER
President of Michigan Agri-
cultural College Draws
Conclusions.

To continue 10 reward the rail-
way employees or the United States
with high wages IS unjust 10 the
farming industry. asserts President
David Friday of Michigan AgricuI--
tuai College in an article entitled
Railway Wages and the Farmer"
appearing the current number Of
Review Of Reviews. Agriculture
a. a whole is opposed 10 the de-
mands of the rail workers. ne says
The farming community has
been practically a unit for wage re-
dCction and against the strike" runs
the article ln part. Its opinion Is
NOT vague. sentimental sort of
thing but has become organized dur
ing the last Is months and knows
the facts upon which IL bases its po-
sltion. II knows them quantitative-
", too. and that takes the matter
out Of the realm OF dramatic Restur-
ing and grand-osity and gives it that
precision which leads 10 the dean-
iteness OF position which invests the
farmers attitude with a coId-blood-
ed quality that is disconcerting
In marshallng statistics o. show
the relative compensation received
bv the members ~ he two indus
tries. President Friday has the fol-
owing 70 say:
THE persons engaged in render
ing the service IF railroad ira nepor-
tatiOn are less than Az per cent Of
our total working population and
they received in 1921 as wages al
most Z per cent OF the nations pur-
chasing power and therefore OF The
nations total agricultural mining
and manufacturing product The
farmers made UP somewhat over 2f
per cent Of the working population
and received less than % per cenl
OF the nations purchasing pow-r
and product. T. put il briefly and
strikingly, there We're SIX times ae
many workers In agriculture as i7
railway ira nsPortation and vet they
received only three times as much
o. the nations production as did the
railway workers"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
INDIANA CORN Is
IN NEED OF RAIN
Otherwise, Crops Look Good,
According to Agricultural
Expert Bryant.

INDIANAPOLIS. Aug. 4-The
semi-monthly report on agricultural
coalitions in Indiana compiled by
George c. Bryant, statistician 10 the
Ur!ted States department OF agrlcul-
ture says today:
Temperature average slightly be
low normal and no serious damage
has been done 10 growing crops al
though little rain occurred during
the period except in a few scattered
localities.
"The corn crop continues 10 chow
good prospects. but is now in need OF
rain most places. The fields are OF
Uneven growth but all are clean and
most Of It is tasselling.
Winter wheat and rye threshing
is fairly liberal. The oats and barley
with the yields running from four to
forty-fve bushels OF wheat and ten
10 thirty bushels OF rye. Marketing
is fairly liberal. Theoats and barley
threshing commenced but indicated
yields are very unsatisfactory In all
sections. The hay harvest Is com
pleted with satisfactory results
Young clover is not doing well and
meadows and pastures look very
poor in most localities. Clover seed
acreage Is much increased and con-
ditions good.
Potatoes, tomatoes and other
truck and garden crops would be
benefited by good rain, but no ser
ious damage has we. developed. To-
bacco has made a splendid growth
and some fields have been topped.
Tree fruit are all in excellent
condition. Some trouble is being
experienced by peach growers in the
southern counties in shipping their
crop. on account Of the railroad
strike. melon growers are much dis
appointed at the prospect of ship
PING their crop to market.
"All live stock is in good condition
except a few scattered cases of hog
cholera. The farm labor supply is
equal TO the demand"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
To Discuss Limestone
Needs at Meeting

A district farm bureau meeting
will be held on Monday. August 7.
AT s o'clock. in the Rolling Prairie
high school. c. L. White. OF Galena
township. is the chairman Of this
district. which includes Kankakee.
Galena, Hudson and Wills townships
Business to be taken up Will IN
clude a discussion Of limestone needs
in the locality. and plans for The test
ing Of cattle 70 determine whether
they are tubercular. In addition 20
this. an educational film, Farm for
Sale" which has been loaned 20 the
farm bureau by the New York Cen
tral lines. Will be shown
This same film will be shown AZ
the meeting which viii be held az
Union Mills on Tuesday evening. Au-
gust 3, in the high school. by the 40
Bile township farm bureau and any
other farmers interested in seeing
this picture
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
CGSS County Farmers
Fighting Cholera

DA Georges Q. McCollister and
County Agent Kunze ara working or
control work on hog cholera which
broke out on the Nike CuIinane
farm IN Slnver Greek township last
Friday.
Every effort e being made 70
check the spread OF the disease 70
neighborinE farms. Many farmers
where cholera broke out last year
have been visited with view % pre-
venting, II possible another reoccur-
rance.
Farmers are urged 20 keep e
careful watch on sick hogs and 20
isolate them. The county IN fur
nishing the serum and veterinariou
services where actual cholera has
been found is meeting the farmers
more than half way. In return Z is
only treating the county fair for the
farmer having sick hogs 10 cal 3
veterinarian and make sure OF his
having cholera on his place. because
tho county Will take care OF the case
n cholera q present
At present there are reported
several cases Of cholera near Con-
Stamina Il IS not at all unlikely
that the next few weeks viii find
more cholera and farmers VIII De
doing their neigh 0rs q real good BY
reporting cases where they suspsct
cholera o.. their farms. In this way
control measures can be used and
m any hogs saved besides the com
munity viii be benefited
hogs for prevention or cholera can
get the serum at actual COST by call
ing the county agent at Cassopotis
AS there has been found no cure
for hog cholera. farmers living Close
10 actual cholera cases are urged %
watch their hogs carefully and treat
them If hogs from the neighbOring
farm run IN adjoining fields
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
WHY FARMING SHOULD PAY.

The National City bank OF New
York after aualyzing the census fig
ures for 1920 declares that for the
first time in the history OF our coun-
try there are more people working in
factories than on farms. Fifty years
ago there were more than twice as
many country workers as city work
ers. This not only means that the
farmer has a bigger market for his
product. but that he is a greater
buyer Of manufactured goods. be
cause an increasingly large proper
ton Of the factory hands are making
things for the comfort and conven-
fence Of people in the country II
we forget the year or two Of hard
times. now happily passing, We can
see that farming - not a crowded
business. and We can be sure that II
will be generally prosperous in the
future The man who gets discour-
aged now and leaves the farm be-
cause he thinks farming doesn't
pay" is making a mistake.-Farm
Life.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

skillfully and so thoroughly. know
ing that unless patients are pleased
they VIII not send others II you
are skeptcal. drop In and see for
yourself or let Us refer you 20 othsrs
who have had work done here.
There are not any better plates
made. DR.. Holmes can 1t the hard
est cases perfectly You need have
no fear about the teeth dropping
down. By fitting these teeth per-
sonally and having them made under
his supervision ty his own expers
laboratory men. Dr. Holmes Euaran-
tees satisfaction.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

10 destroy. old weeds are difficult
10 Kill and they foul the soil with
seeds In this connection It IS i'm
portan< 20
(a) Prepare the seed bed well.
thus destroying thousands OF weed
seedlings.
OBJ Now roadside. fence row and
other waste place weeds In mid
Juns and again in mid-Augliss
(c) Now weedy pastures before
seeds mature. and the pasture
grasses win grow more luxuriently
while the weeds gradually disappear.
II IS good practice 10 SET the cutter
bar OF the moving machine rather
high for the first moving. in such
a manner az 20 cut juN under the
loves weed flowers Z this Is done.
the second crop o. weed flowers viii
form sufficiently high 80 that the
second moving with the cutter bar
carried low viii cut under the flow
err Many weeds such as the wild
carrot and chlcory. viii. after beSns
closely cut. form q second crop OF
flowers 50 close 70 the ground as &c
escape me second cutting entirely
Cd; CUE wcedy hay crops early
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
Swot the Weeds and Larger Crops
Will Be Grown With Less Labor;
Cooperate With Your Neighbor

before the weeds have formed seeds
(e) Practice hand wedding. Ere
quently a few hours spent IN hand
wedding. particularly in grainflelds.
viii prevent a great deal OF future
trouble. Light infestations OF weeds
sUch as cookie and mustard can best
be controlled by this method.
Crop Rotation.
Rotate the crops - a cultivated
crop such as corn that Is well TILED
VIII act as a cleansing crop and
viii destroy many OF the incidental
weeis This is particularly true
when corn is planted in check rows
Land planted continuously 10 a sin
gle crop Is certain TO become badly
iufested with weeds.
Utilize smother crops such as
hemyr. cowpeas, soybeans. alfalfa,
millet. sorghum and buckwheat.
Clean cultivation followed by a
smother crop Will control the in
cidental weeds and many OF the nox-
ious weeds. a few weedy plants,
such as wild garlic and dodder. re-
quire special methods Of eradica-
ton.
Keep Sheep.
Craze weedy land with sheep thus
turning the weeds into wool and
mutton. This is a highly profitable
way to solve many weed problems.
There should be a small flock Of
sheep OF practically every farm, II
for no other reason than to hold the
weeds down.
Practice surface cultivation after
harvest, thereby inducing the ger
mination Of a large number OF weed
seeds. Many Of the resulting seed
Mngs win be killed by frost
Don't Pillow Seeds Under.
Do not pillow under weeds bearing
seeds unless absolutely necessary. 1t
is sometimes best to cut and burn
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
TRACTOR Statesmen
SHOULD GIVE THEIR
BUYERS LESSONS
Dept. of Commerce Says Thor
ough Instructions Should
Accompany Sale.
BY IOUIs uUDLOM.

WASHINGTON. =. c. Aug. A.
According TO the department of COM
merce dealers make a mistake IN
selling tractors 20 farmers without
at the same time giving them thor
ough instruction in the care and
maintenance Of the tractor.
In emphasizing the need OF serv-
ice in selling farm tractors George
b. Bell. chief Of the agricultural
implements division OF the depart
ment OF commerce. says:
"A typical example OF what may
happen when tractors are sold 10 In
experienced farmers without proper
provision being made for mainten-
ance and service is furnished by
experience OF the past few years IN
the Philippine Islands. Planters in
the islands have in the past four or
five years adopted the tractor as
the most efficient and suitable mo-
tive power for land preparation.
The sugar grower particularly has
found IT suited to his needs He
has discovered that he can increase
The yield per hactare and rapidly
enlarge the areas cultivated.
However, many persons are Of
the opinion that the tractor has
been a failure in the islands, due to
the inefficiency and carelessness OF
mechanics and drivers. The seller
Of the tractor is partly to blame. be
cause in making a sale he Impress
ed upon the farmer Its simplicity
and the small amount of trouble
which it would give him while In OPP
GRAFTON
The buyer should have been i'm
pressed with the necessity OF giving
the machinery the same care thar
he would give any other fine piece
Of machinery. The Filipino planter
having thus been impressed with the
simplicity and ease Of opera ton in
the field gives the machine no ser
ious thought and places an operator
upon it who knows nothing OF ma
chinery or Of the importance OF oil
Ing and caring for the motor.
Under these conditions all went
well while the tractor was new and
the planter was we'll satisfied with
this new method Of land prepare
ton One man with a tractor was
able to accomplish as much as a doz-
EN- men with 'carabaos. When.
however, the tractor broke down
because OF neglect. the Filipino me-
chanic was helpless. The blame
was laid on the machine and not
to lis operation and lack care.
The Filipino hacendero, on the
strength OF the talk of simplicity
and ability of the tractor to operate
for indefinite periods without break
age or attention. laid IN no supply
of spare parts and when the tractor
broke down he was often compelled
10 w3ic weeks for The arrival OF re-
pair parts This delay doubtless oc-
Cured when the tractor was most
needed IN the field.
Some planters, realizing that the
fault was partly due to n1Gs1nanage-
ment. made efforts 10 overcome the
lack Of knowledge pertaining 10 the
care of the tractor. The trade
schools and firms dealing in tractors
began training men for tractor work.
IN 1920 practically all OF the Well
known makes of tractors were sold
ia the Philippines Some were very
successful while Others failed on ac-
count of Inexperienced operators or
because they could not do the work
demanded"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
THIS Is THE MONTH.
TO plug watermelons.

To plug watermelons-
To kill weeds and sprouts.
To gather your living from the
garden.
To put the engine and cutter in
order for silo filling.
To hope the drouth holds off I'M
I'll the corn and potato crops are
safe.
To make the last hard drive
against all bugs and fungous pests.
To set out strawberries. Plants
set this month will bear well next
spring
To break wheat ground. and al
low the seed bed TO pulverize and
pack the moisture before seeding.
To give the her house and coOps
another coat OF whitewash. Mites,
lice and disease germs can be more
easily Controlle d.
To cut out the old canes in the
blackberry and raspberry patches
while they can be easily distinguish
ed from new shoots
To keep fresh water for the pigs
A hog is a not 1ar-distant relative
OF the hippopotamus. and likewise
he needs his cooling bazh.-Farm
Life.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

destroy what win be a dangerous
and menacing crop next year il al
lowed 20 scatter.
II IS fairly understood that weeds
cause "A serious reduction Of crop
yields by appropriating space. food
moisture and sunlight that should
be utilized by more useful plants.
The loss due TO the hardening Of
Injurious insects and plant diseases.
the damage attributable 10 poisonous
plants and the labor loss chargeable
10 weeds, are matters that are not
thoroughly appreciated.
There are no magic methods for
controlling weeds, no wands. push
buttons or other mysterious rocking
chair devices for suddenly disposing
OF undesirable plants Destroying
weeds means hard work. but intelli-
gent effort viii reduce the amount
Of labor considerably. Unless the
problem is attacked intelL gently and
systemaucaEy. there IS little hope
for success in the eternal battle
against weeds In formulating a
plan of attack a consideration OF the
following general methods of weed
control may be of considerable as
sistance.
DOn't Let Them Seed.
Prevent weeds from seeding -
Young weeds are comparatively easy
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

Horse Nettle. Ox-eye Daisy Prick
ley Lettuce. Quack Grass Red Sorrell
and White Top. OF those mention
ed White Top Is said 10 be the most
prolific spreader. Hundreds of miles
along Indiana roads are lined with
White Top. II IS true they form a
plesing picture as one whtrls by bur
the same land on which the White
Top = so prevalent could be plowed
and planted in a profitable crop
Some thrifty farmers are begin
ming 10 realize this and one coca
sionally sees a good healthy food
crop instead Of nOxiOuS weeds grow.
ing by the roadside
Weed Fighting Week.
II would be a grand thing for
agriculture II a certain period Of
days. say a week. throughout the
state could be set aside each year
IN which all farmers would COOP
crate with their neighbors IN a gem
eral weed killing campaign. How
could time be more profitably spent?
II would mean better crops. more
OF them and cultivation could be
carried on IN one-haf the time now
required 20 do Il.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

crops of mature weeds
Use chemical plant pOisons.-In
some cases the use of chemical plant
poisons, such as common salt, iron
sulphate and oil. is profitable and
practical. Too much reliance, how
ever. should not be placed on meth
DDS of this character.
Maintain soil fertility. Keep the
land productive by the addition of
organic matter (either in the form
Of animal manure or green manure) A.,
by the use Of chemical fertilizers
and lime where needed. and by
draining where necessary. Unless
this LIS done. the weeds are certain
10 come in. Strong, vigorous crops
mean fewer weeds. Give the crops
a chance to show what they can do.
Cooperate with your neighbors in
controlling weeds. particularly weeds
possessing wind distributed seeds
(such as the Canada thistle) and
when dealing with roadside and
fenCerOw weeds.
There is not space in an article
Of this length TO go into detail con-
corning all of the 10 varieties Of
weeds that infest Indiana fields. but
brief mention Of the most COM
mon might be advisable. They are:
Common Plaintahn. Canada Thistle.
CURED Dock. DOdder. Wild Mustard,
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

v Asf s-A--aH At+AAtfAAttAr a "a "A
other states as we'll
There are said % be ] 9 weeds that
are especially obnoxious in Indiana
and the control Of Only half OF this
number would mean that Indiana
farmers would be many thousand
dollars better Off Within a surpris-
ingiy short time
Fight RcIentIessly.
The eight against weeds Is one
which should be waged relentlessly
and every farmer who is ambitious
enough 20 desire more of the luxu-
rles Of life should resolve imme-
diately TO eradicate every weed from
HE premises. including those along
the roadsides at the earliest oppOr-
tunity.
Destroy Them Now.
Now Is the time weeds are going
10 seed, and now IS the best time 70
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
WHEN MIN PITCH CAMP,

They usually find out that some
thing IN the line OF toilet articles
has been forgotten. Tale powder.
shaving creams, shaving powders
soaps. razors-we've got them all
az regular prices
GOLDIE MAINS FOUR STORES
1ss-tf.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
Day
Day

y 8 " patients
: o m g TO DR.
Holm IS through
reCOmme ndat
by some friend
And the reason
Is this: Dr.Holmes
does his work
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
Indiana Farmers Would Be
Much More Prosperous if
Weeds We're Destroyed.

There Is, perhaps. no single men
ace 20 tho farmers crops that should
be fought more comparatively thai
the depreciation caused BY ALLOWING
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

rented at $1,000 each. The taxes
on one farm amounted TO an even
$1,000, and on the other just a little
in excess of $1,000, so the owner lost
money by merely owning the farms.
Taxes are too high" said Lang.
They are running US. Nobody can
break even, now. Those town fell
lows make us a little bit tired. The
farmer worked hard before the war,
he worked during the war. and he's
hard at work now. That's more than
the other fellow can say.
The city man doesn't appreciate
the hard work, the worry, the risk
and chance the farmer takes. Dur
ing the war everybody wanted to
help the farmer. They did-a little.
When the war was over they dropped
him like a hot potatOe."
Lang told Of a man who for three
days ran a threshing machine in day
light. then went into the field and
shocked wheat by moonlight until
two o'clock in the morning. He did
# because he couldn't get help.
A new force has appeared in agri-
cultural America and It's strength IS
felt everywhere This is the Amer
lean farm bureau federation and its
more visible instrument, the county
agent system.
In the county agent, the farmer
has an alert clear-headed, young
fellow. who can. and does, do him a
lot Of good The vast majority Of
the farmers are glad to receive the
benefit of the agents assistance.
Quite often the county leader is
the real leader of the farming COM
munity He generally has a better
idea Of what the farmer is doing
than does the farmer himself.
The biggest problem before the
farmer today" said County Agent
c. A. Buechner. OF LapOrte, Ind,
lis the most economic production Of
crops. The farmer hasn't really be-
gun 10 learn, yet how crops can be
produced most effectively and cheap
~"
System Needed.
Said County Agent w. R. East
ment. Of Mound City, III. located in
one of the so-caIled poor counties
Of the state.
Farmers have lost money in the
past year. The future is still uR-
certain. but Z looks better than IT
did. The salvation Of the farmer is
to learn what are the best crops for
him to grow and how 70 grow them.
The hit-or- miss system. which his
father or grandfather followed, does
not get him anything.
So far. it looks like a good year
for crops. The wheat crop is nearly
all harvested and It is good. Reports
from states visited and from Kansas
Nebraska and the DakOtas tell OF
wheat i'm abundance.
The price of corn was low last
year and the corn belt viii have a
smaller acreage this year How the
crop viii turn out depends on the
weather i'm July and August. other
crops appear 10 be abundant.
From the appearance of the fields
and harnvardS there are still plenty
of porkers 10 fiji the needs of the
nation.
heard but little complaint about
the inability Of farmers 10 obtain
hank loans Money is easier now.
they say. and ne right kind Of man
can usually get loans A. his home
bank at a fair rate Of interest, usu-
ally seven percent The government
loan system. they say has acted as
a stimulant TO local banks.
So the farmer is pulling up his
gaIluses. splitting on his hands and
taking a fresh hold on the plow-
handle. There is a better time COM
ing for him he is sure.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

weeds 10 grow
and multiply
Every farmer
hould Join with
his neighbOr in
a conserted ef
fort 20 rid their
locally Of the
numerous nox-
ious weeds that
.nfen practical
y every farm in
Indiana, a n d
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
RULES AGAINST FILLED MILK.

The ccnstitutionality of the Wis
consiz filed milk law was establish
ed in the state Supreme Court in a
decisdon announced last week by
Justice Charles II. Crownhart in the
suit OF the Carnation Milk Company
The court ruled that the state leg
islt.ture holds the power TO prohibit
the sale OF filed milk or other food
products which are deleterious 10
the health and welfare OF the citi-
vows OF the state. The legislature
holds that power by virtue OF its
constitutional police power.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
For the
Oldest Man or Woman

The Central Fair & Exposition
Inc, Of Aurora. H.. desires to know
who the oldest person Is and viii
pay $4,000 in gold, besides a trip 10
the fair.
A number Of manufactures are
donating farm Implements. AS The
entries close August 10th. partici-
pants should let the secretary of the
fair association know early.
Many have risen 10 fame on the
broken branches OF failure
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

F. c. Williams Violin Shop has
moved from 235 s. Michigan 20
I16iz z. Monroe St-adv. 231tf
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
DUTCH MASTERS

When you say cigars-say Dutch
I Masters. 213-tf-
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

THE VALENTINE
Is a good mild cigar. 213-tf.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05
..Taxes Too High.r

Albert Lang. OF Lee county. Iowa,
told OF a neighbor who owned two
quarter-sections OF land, which he
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-08-05

First Hand News of Farm Bureaus OF
Northern Indiana and Lower Mich.
igan Fully Covered.