davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02
By EDWARD G.LOWRY
Copyright. Western Newspaper Union

through his influence an appropriation
of 81 1000 was made for the purpose of
procuring and distributing seeds Of
new plants, carrying agricultural in
vestigations and collecting agricultural
statistics. This was the historic be-
ginning of the much-talked-about free
seed distribution
BY an act of congress in May, 1862,
since generally called the organic act,
the activities Of the government affect
| ing agriculture were placed under
separate and distinct organization
known as the Department of Agricul-
ture, In charge of a commissioner of
agriculture. It did not rank, how
ever with the other executive depart
ments, and the commissioner was not
entitled to a seat in the Presidents
cabinet. Isaac Newton. chief of the
agricultural section in the patent Office,
was appointed the first commissioner
of agriculture. Other officers provided
| by the organic act included a statis-
tician, a chemist, an entomologist and
superintendent of the propagating
garden and experimental farm.
| The chrysalis was now ready to be
broken In 1889 the Department of Ag
riculture was elevated to the rank of
the other executive departments and
! its commissioner was made secretary
of agriculture with a seat in the Presi-
| dents cabinet. This was in Grover
| Clevelands administration. In honor
i,p l. Paxxr FIN Dt ions
were taken on.
| But that's enough detail. 1t kept on
growing. Beginning with an appro-
priation of $1,000 and two or three
clerks, the department had, in 1910,
employees to the number of 2,4S0, and
an appropriation of $12,995, 036. Five
years later the appropriation had
grown to $19,S65, S32 and the en-
ployees to 1929. The employees in
May, 1920, numbered 18,09S and the
appropriation given by congress for
the fiscal year 1921 was $31, AIS, 36S
The department has increased its
cost of living in 50 years from q mere
ST, 000-that is, 1888 a month--to
more than $31 100000 a years., 622,-
947.3S every month. That shows as
clearly and as sharply as it can be
shown how the high cost of govern
ment living affects your own, cost Of
living.
We, you and !, paid out of our saw
ings and earnings every red cent of
that increase from $1,000 year to more
than $31 100000. 1t may have been
well spent. We probably got run
for our money; but nobody knows, ex-
cept in a general way. We have a
right to know. 1t is simply fatheaded-
ness on our part not to find out.
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

The Department of Agriculture Is
one instance of how governmental es-
adjustments grow and spread and ex-
tend their activities, once they get
started. The bureau of fisheries, in
the Department OF Commerce, is an
other. 1t had q modest beginning, and
not SO very long ago. Prior to 1871
there was no branch of the federal
government especially charged with
the consideration of fishery affairs.
Several of the states had established
fish commissions and these state au-
thorities, supported by private inter
estS, began to agitate for national
bureau devoted to fishery interests.
So it came about that by 1871 con-
gress was ready to yield and begin to
make appropriations. The first one
was for $1,000 and provided for Il
commissioner Of fish and fisheries to
prosecute investigations and inquiries
with the view Of ascertaining wheth-
er any and what diminution in the
number of food fishes of the coast
and in the lakes Of the United States
has taken place; and also whether
any and what protective, prohibitory
Or precautionary measures should be
adopted in the premises; and shall re-
port upon the same to congress"
The commissioner was to draw no
pay, for 1t was provided by congress
in the same joint resolution that he
should be a civil officer of the govern
ment, of proved scientific and prac-
teal acquaintance with the fishes of
the coast, who should serve without
additional compensation. The then as
sistant secretary of the Smithsonian in
stitutioD, by name Spencer Fullerton
Baird, was chosen as the best man for
the job. and so he proved to be. He
made the little acorn grow. He was
industrious and competent and knew
how to get along with congress. He
vas d!!,Sest end e stood before kings.
See SlAl Aappened. g.. i-ssss 'sss.iaaaa-
fegaerser, be Started out with
5000 to discover whether there had
been any diminution of the supply Of
food fishes along the coasts or In the
'"hco. hC vas u AHS AG0u " az a.
dependent investigation and reported
directly to congress. The thing was
kept alive by annual appropriations
as an Independent institution until
1903, when it was Incorporated into
the newly formed Department of Com
merce and Labor as the bureau OF
fisheries.
BY 1900 the annual appropriation had
grown TO $500. 900, and the bureau had
permanent personnel Of 325. AT
that time the land owned and occupied
~ We but.Au ~ its Asl e4..uial ALo
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02
JUST KEPT GROWING

The origins of these antiquated, cum
bersome, costly, inefficient pieces Of the
national machinery that we call the
executive departments show how any
establishment II well watered with
government money will expand and
hold together, no matter how conflict
ing and homogeneous its functions.
Hardly one of these great business es-
tablishments-for that is what they
are-was planned. AS they are today
they just happened.
Take the Department of Agriculture,
for example, one of the greatest and
most complex and widespreading of all
the departments. 1t is in closer touch
and more directly affects the greatest
number of people in the United States
than any other branch of the govern
lnent with the possible exception of
the post office. 1t began in 1899 with
an appropriation of $1,000, taken from
the patent funds for the distribu-
ton Of free seeds and the collection
of agricultural statistics by the patent
office, then bureau in the State de-
partment. Now look at the darned
thing. 1t is all over the place.
The title of the department indicates
its most important field of activities. but
its functions have been extended to in
clude the whole range of rural indus
try and some branches of adninistra-
tion only very indirectly related to
agricultural interests. For about 60
years subsequent to the Revolution the
general interests of agriculture were
left almost entirely to individual initia-
tive Federal activity was confined to
relatively narrow limits and was mere
ly sporadic. Soon after the national
government was organized some at
tempts were made to establish board
of agriculture but neither the first
proposal in 1796 nor 9 second effort in
1917 was successful.
Shortly after the Revolution. follow
ing the example of Benjamin Frank.
lin while in England, as agent of the
colony of Pennsylvania during the
years 1854 to 1775, American consuls
and naval officers began the practice
of sending home foreign seeds and cut
tings for new crops, and of aiding in
the Introduction into the United States
of new breeds of domestic animals
Even such small governmental partici.
patton was, in the beginning, rather
extra official
In 1886 the commissioner of pat
ents, one II. L. Ellsworth, began the
distribution of considerable quantities
of seeds and plants received from gov
eminent representatives in foreign
countries; and three years later
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02


|preparsT
tive; eSy
sorry neeT
| 3 or gen4
nd. v Il
rengtn n
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

Every majority was once minority.
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02
Had Millions Under Arms.

According to official figures given
out by the War department at Wash
ington, the total strength of the United
States army when hOstilities ceased in
the World war was 3,764,677 men.
OF that number 100000 had been
sent to France, Italy and Russia,
while the remainder were under arms
in various carlps in the United States
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

VINO practiced medicine
pia became famous and
q consultation in many
|fies because OF his sue
eatment of disease. This
ee, who finally made up
place some of his medi-
Pc public, and moving to
y put up what he called
prescription and placed
@ggists in every state.
Favorite Prescription has
nlzed as a tonic for dis.
MH.is.|3nEsn3.: After SUI.
ing ne.ToGs, dizzy, weak
BIZ ~ Weaknesses of
nan Is QUICKLY restored
6 use. Thousands 81
Plat DIR. Pierce's Favor.
has entirely eradicated
q ailments.
that wonderful dlscov.
ee's, called An-uric (for
ckache), has been sue
y many thousands who
ce Of the benefits re-
eir backache, rheuma-
symptoms of uric acid
IS or muscles have been
luered by its use.
Pierce. Buffalo, N. T.,
any Of his remedies,
medical advice.
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02
i soap for the Complexion.

Ia Soap for the Complexion.
n better than Cuticura Soap
n Ointment now and then as
make the complexion clear,
In and hands soft and white.
his the fascinating, fragrant
u Valcum, and you have the
Toilet Observation-Disclosures
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

blue, use Red Cross Ball
Ty-white clothes will be
pit. Try it and you will al
All good grocers have it.
bent. 4
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

rs Language No Good.
ice Is patient and long
10 matter how much the
Rnay swear at it, the fur
Gets hot just for that
.Script
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

|fried Men Trustworthy.
les indicate that married men
= trustworthy than single men
Vito of 6 to l, probably be-
ztheir increased sense Of re-
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02
on;n;on of Him.

Her Opinion Of Him.
would rather have a man
q knave than q fool" She
he It's the truth that hurts"
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

undecided opinions is con-
game for arguers on both
:ontroYeTsy.
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

35 cents buys a bottle of 'Dander-
inc" at any drug store. After one ap-
plication you can not find a particle
of dandruff or falling hair. Besides,
every hair shows new life, yigor, bright
ness, more color and abundance.-Ad-
vertiSement.
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

Then-And Now.
Here's q drama-swift and vital.
They had quarreled.
81 return all you have ever given
ne," she said.
Begin with the KISSES" he an
swered.
They're married.
Judsonia weekly advance. (Judsonia, Ark.) 1???-1922, 1922-03-02

Rock, NO. s-.1s22
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
SCHOOL HEAD RAPS
skip" GRADE PLAN
Advanced Pupils Get Less In
struction Than Slower
Ones, He Says.

A school for advancing public
school pupils. to take the place of
the present skipping" system, may
be instituted in Washington, il plans
Of Stephen Kramer. assistant super
intendent Of schools, are carried
out.
Mr.. Kramer pointed out yester.
day that above the average" chill.
dren are rushed through school. by
skipping" grades. and that in many
instances they receive less actual
instruction and training than the
slower students
He asserted an evil of the present
system is that many children under
fourteen years are entering high
schooi, and their extreme youth
makes it impossible for them to par
ticipate in any high school activities
other than the routine of lessons.
THE high school curriculum is
prepared for children of a certain
age and with their especial char
acteristics in mind. The youthful
''prodigies" in the high schools are
often made to feel out of place
Owing to the straitened financial
circumstances of the school sys
tenn no definite action will be taker
on Mr.. Kramer's plan.
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
What's Doing Today
and Tomorrow

Meeting Arkansas State Society,
Thomson School, D. m.
Meeting-Spiritual consideration OF the
sermon on the mount, Christ Healing
Center. s12 Seventeenth street northwest.
p. m.
Meeting-women's City Club, % Jack
son place, s p. m.
Circus = Almas Temple. Convention
Hall, evening.
Concert-Miss Elda Laska. mezza-
soprano. in Jewish and English songs,
''Y' building. Eleventh street and Penn
sylvania avenue northwest, s:15 p. m.
TOMORROW.
Address Representative Winifred
Mason Huck, of illinois, Twentieth Cen
tury Club. 1880 p. m.
Meeting George Baldwin Mccoy Post
American Woman's Legion. Highlands,
p. m.
Meeting-BibIe class. women's City
Meeting-Anthony League. Federation
of Women's Clubs headquarters. 1894 N
street northwest. p. m.
Lecturers conference-Memorial Con-
tinental Hall, all day.
Lecture = Charles Pergler, Steward
School, p. m.
Meeting-NationaI Civil Service Re-
form League. Hotel Washington. S:3o
p. N.
Luncheon-Mount Saint Mary's, City
Club. 1880 p. m.
Luncheon = Cosmopolitan Club, Har.
rington Hotel. 1890 p. m.
Luncheon-Kiwanis Club. Hotel Wash
ington. 1890 p. m.
Luncheon-Zonta Club Mrs. Mary H,
Carroll. speaker, City Club. 1890 p. m.
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
SCHOOLS TOLD!
JAIL TEACHES.
TRADESBETTER
City Architect Thinks 0ccoquan
Graduates Can Learn More
Than Average D. C. Pupils
LEARN HOW TO WORK THERE
Three RS All Right, Says Har.
ris, But Other Accomplish
ments Bring More Revenue

Prisoners al. the District work
house at Occoquan are better
fitted to earn livings than many
children graduated from Washi
ington schools, according to Al+
bert L. Harris, municipal archis
tect, who spoke yesterday at the
dedicatory service of the new an
mex to the Buchanan School,
Fourteenth and E streets south.
east.
Vocational training is given COM
victs. Mr.. Harris declared the pris-
oners were taught trades and by
the time they were released were
well fitted as mechanics.
This policy should be followed by
the District schools" said Mr.. Har.
ris. 1t is a good principle TO
teach the children reading. writing
and arithmetic. but in addition they
shoI''A be fitted for manual training
work"
an. Frank w. Ballou. superintend,
ent of the District schools. urged
that parents back the Capper bin.
providing for a readjustment i'm the
pay of school teachers. The exeE-
cises were in charge of the Parent
Teacher Association Of the school
of which Mrs. A. Z. Gates is he
president.
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
TODAY.

TODAY.
Bazaar and dinner-All Souls Memo
rial Church. Cathedral avenue, near Con-
necticut avenue northwest, to 10 p m
Luncheon-Lions Club, New Willard
Hotel, 1880 p. m.
Convention-National Rivers and Har.
bors Congress, New Willard Hotel, all
day.
Meeting Kenneth II. Nash Post
American Legion. 719 Thirteenth street
northwest, p. m.
Formal opening National Club
American Association of University
Women. 1894 / street northwest, evening
Luncheon wapiya Club. University
Club. 12:45 p. m.
Luncheon-washinsto Ad Club. City
Club. 1890 p. m.
Luncheon-Rotary Club. New Willard
Hotel, 1890 p. m.
Meeting - George Washington Post
American Legion, 1929 1 street north
west. p. m.
Dedication exercises-wheatley School
afternoon.
Bazaar-Emanuel p. E. Church, Thir-
teenth and v streets southeast. 5 p. m
Concert-Motet Choral Club. benefit OF
Foundlings' Home and Summer Camr
for Children, st. Johns Parish Hall
evening.
Meeting-District of Columbia Bank.
ers' Association. Willard Hotel, 4:3t
p m.
Meeting Lincoln Post, American
Legion. District Building. p. m.
Lecture Rev. John J. CartWEizht
Carroll Hail. S.So .. -
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
Two Memorial Bridge
Bodies Seek Agreement

Differences of opinion between
the Arlington Bridge Commission
and the Fine Arts Commission over
the location and architectural style
of the 10.000,00 memorial bridge
to be erected across the Potomac
river, will be discussed on Decem-
ber Is. according to an announce
ment made yesterday, following a
meeting of the bridge commission
at the White House.
Tentative plans of the bridge com.
mission for a high structure from
the foot of New York avenue to
the Lee Highway, on the Virginia
side, have met with the vigorous
objections of the members Of the
Fine Arts Commission, which favors
low bridge from a point directly
in line with the Lincoln Memorial.
In view of this difference, it was
decided at the meeting of the bridge
commission that a conference be-
tween them, for the purpose of ar
irving at some workable plan, should
be held.
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
Mrs. Abram Simon to Aid
In Hebrew College Rites

Mrs. Abram Simon, wife of Rabbi
Simon. president of the Board of
Education. left yesterday for Gin
cinnati, o.. where she will dig the
first spadeful of earth for the new
dormitories and gymnasium of He.
brew Union College, in that city
tomorrow. Mrs. Simon is honorary
president and founder OF the Ma.
tional Federation of Temple Sister.
hoods. under whose auspices the
services are to be held.
Mrs. Joseph Weisenfeld, Of Balti,
more, president of the federation,
accompanied Mrs. Simon.
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
REFUSES To DISCUSS
|. TIME CLOCK ORDER
Keller Says Move to Prevent
Hardness Of Employees Is
"Interior Discipline"

Refusing to discuss interior dis
cipline in public" Col. Charles Kel
Ter. District Engineer Commissioner
yesterday declined to comment on
his latest order requiring the 1.00O
employees of the Engineer Depart.
ment to sign a time sheet every
morning when reporting for work
The order also will prevent clerks
taking sick leave unless they are
willing to take it out of their an
nual vacation of thirty days.
Approached as he was about tc
depart FRONT he District building
two hours earlier than the time
for his usual departure. Colonel
Keller declared that he had no time
to discuss interior discipline.
The order Is effective January l
It's purpose is to discourage tar1i
ness among employees in the En-
gfneer Department"
Other District officials declared
that a time clock in other depart
ments was improbable
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
D. C. Tailor Shop Looted
OF Goods Valued at $500

Ransacking of his tailor shop at
10032 New York avenue and theft
of articles to the value of $500 was
reported by Martin Harry Kinsinger
yesterday morning. Entrance had
been gained by breaking a rear win.
dow during the night
The missing articles included
thirty-four yards of jersey overcoat
cloth, sixteen yards of blue serge
cloth, eight pairs of pants and eight
vests and shepherd plaid dress.
Mrs. A. Butler, 500 First street
northwest, reported the theft from
her home of a pocketbook contain.
ing $50. The police were asked yes
terday to assist Mrs. R. s. Emmett
2019 r street northwest. in her
search for a diamond and platinum
pin valued at $3.50, lost on F street
between Eleventh and Fourteenth
streets northwest. The initials in
the monogram were III. L. T."
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
Many Vital Items Cut
From School Estimates

Many necessary and vital items
have been eliminated from the
Board of Education's building pro-
gram by the Bureau of the Budget.
Stephen E. Kramer, assistant su-
perintendent Of schools. said yes
terday.
The building program was treated
the most severely by the Budget
Bureau. The Board of Education
submitted A program. which, IL car
ried out. would have met adequately
the overcrowded conditions now ex-
listing.
Out OF forty-six items submitted.
only twelve were approved. Money
for twenty-five sites for early use"
was refused. as well as funds for
the purchase Of a new site for Bust
ness High School. and an athletic
field for Western.
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
WOULD SEIZE AUTOS
THAT VIOLATE RULES
Commissioner Oyster and
HeadIey Confer on Dras. /
tic Methods.
PRESENT SYSTEM FAILURE
Inspector Says Plan Of I'm
pounding Machines Is Used
in Other States.

1mpounding Of automobiles which
violate parking regulations will like
ly be the next move of the police
department, 1t was made known
yesterday.
Drastic methods will be adopted
1t was stated, following a confer
ence between Commissioner James
F. Oyster and Inspector Albert ]
Headley. in charge of the traffic
bureau.
PRESENT PLAN POOR.
Admitting that the present sys
tenn Of attaching summons cards
to the steering wheels of automo
biles is proving ineffective, the Of
ficials have two plans under con
sideration that would force motor
lists to appear at the various pre-
cinct stations to deposit collateral.
The first plan is to impound autos
violating parking regulations, while
the other would permit policemen to
remove license tags and hold them
until collateral was deposited.
PLAN USED IN DETROIT.
Inspector Headley pointed out
yesterday that the plan of impound.
ing autos is being used in Detroit
and other large Western cities
This system was recently tried here
by the police. Several machines
were parked in front of a down.
town church in violation Of regu.
lations. When the owners appeared
they were told the machines had
been taken to the First precinct.
The owners obtained their machines
by putting up collateral.
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
Bootleg Jury Trials
Pile Up in Police Court

Liquor cases in which jury trials
are demanded continue to pile up in
Police Court Eleven more were
added yesterday to a list Of 245
awaiting trial-making a total now
of 256.
Those arraigned yesterday were:
William Tolliver, William T. Chap
pell. Sylvester S. Newton. Annie
Burton, Thomas Herbert, John l..
Wilson. Cleveland r. Plummer, AL
fred Holmes. James W. Green, Will
lam Burt and Robert Harrison, All
are colored except Plummsxs
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
President Will Oppose
Opening "Pork Barrel

President Harding. "as a private
citizen" is strongly opposed to the
idea of a 800. .000. 900 omnibus bill''
for postoffices and other Federal
buildings, II was learned at the
White House yesterday. Passage
of the measure in Congress is being
sought by Representative Langley
of Kentucky.
The President, It was stated,
feels that the Government is barely
paying its way only through the
most stringent economy. Under
such circumstances, he regards un.
favorably any effort to compel the
expenditure of 500, 100000 for
pork"
The Washington herald., 1922-12-06
Daugherty is Preparing
Legal Opinion on Merger

The Department of Justice is pre-
pairing a legal opinion for Secretary
of Agriculture Wallace on the pro.
posed Armour Morris packers mer.
ger, Attorney General Daugherty
stated yesterday.
This opinion will be ready for Sec
retary Wallace in the next two days,
after the receipt of which he will
formulate his decision on the mer-
ger proposal
The Attorney General stated he
had been asked to give an opinion
on one phase of the packers and
stockyards act involved in the
merger plan. but declined to ex.
plain the question at issue.