davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
Vacationless School.
A Reform Supported In Behalf Of
the Pupils.

To THE New YORK HERALD: Presi-
dent Peres of the Memphis Board OF
Education. who advocates q continuous
school year unbroken by any vacation
whatever. has my most hearty approval
and support. for In my opinion too much
valuable time Is lost yearly In school
vacations.
The children forget In these periods
nearly all they should remember. II
takes months and great patience on the
part OF teachers to get the pupils back
where they left Off when school closed
to say nothing of the many bad habits
children contract during this term OF
idleness. for Satan finds mischief for
idle hands to do" Girls are no better
IN this respect than boys: for this, !
am sorry to say, mothers arc largely
TO blame when they permit their young
daughters to walk or stand on street
corners chatting and laughing with the
boys.
TO be sure It would be somewhat hard
on teachers to get no real rest from
school duties. but why not provide SUBJ
stitutes? ] am sure there are many
former teachers who would be glad to
help out II this were made possible
perhaps the children would not be ex-
pccted to have to do home work. always
trying to children and parents. As
schools close generally at o'clock a
child has all the time II needs for play
before bedtime. NJ. ID. CAnoI.
New York, January 30.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
Measuring Height of Clouds.
New Plan to Help Airmen on
Night Service.
From the London Times


A method OF finding the height of the
clouds for the information Of night fiy-
ing airmen Is to be tried at the London
Air Station. Croydon. 1t consists pri-
marily of a powerful searchlight throw
ing a vertical beam on the clouds and
a specially designed theodolite through
which to observe the ream.
Tho searchlight and theodolite are
set up a measured distance apart The
theodolite is mounted in such a way that
the angle at which its telescope is point
ing can bo read with minute accuracy
on a special scale. 1t Is set so that the
point where the searchlight beam enters
the clouds can be seen In the center OF
the telescope. The angle Is then read,
and tho distance between searchlight and
thcodollte being known. II Is a simple
mathematical problem to calculate the
height of the clouds.
Tho apparatus is self-containcd ana
portable A twin cylinder petrol engine.
with electric dynamo. switchboard. pc
troll and oil tanks attached. provides the
electricity for the searchlight, and the
whole apparatus can be easily carried
by two men. Both the theodolite and
the searchlight. which throws a beam
of 100000 candlepower. are mounted on
a folding tripod.
1t Is proposed. as soon as tests are
satisfactorily completed, to install sets
of apparatus at various wireless stations
along the airway. SO that a pilot of a
night express can while In the air be
accurately informed OF the height of the
clouds on each portion OF bis route as
he approaches It.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
and 1921. but they will be very much

and 1921. but they will be very much
larger.
AS to the number of stockholders in
corporations. each of which made but
one return, we have these facts: In
1919 Slason Thompson estimated the
number of stockholders in the railroad
companies at well over 100000: the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company alone
having 1l7,225. Tho United States
Steel Corporation has about 10000
stockholders. Of whom fully one-thlrd
are in its employ. Each OF the great
mutual life insurance companies has
hundreds of thousands of policyholders.
Apart from stockholders and policy
holders. there is an enormous mass OF
our population who do not pay income
taxes but who get their medicine in
the shape of enhanced cost Of living.
All of these appreciate what the Gov
crnment is costing them. Do they want
$3.50, 900. 900 added this year and next
to the $450,000.000 which we are now
annually paying for the relief of those
injured by the war in order to give a
gratuity to those who merely served
therein and were not hurt thereby? II
not they had best let their Senator's
and Representatives In Congress know
that fact at once. SruYvEsANr FISH.
New YORK, January 30.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
The Bonus Bill.
Will the Recipients or the Taxpayers
Elect the Next Congress?

To THE NEW YoRK HERALD: The
statement by Mr.. Mellon. Secretary OF
the Treasury. concerning the soldiers
bonus bill makes such a demonstration
of its inequity and unwisdom and of It's
deadly effect on the solvency OF our
national Treasury that, the bill would bo
rejected under any othcr form OF gov
crnn,cnt than ours. Unfortunately all
the Representatives and one-third OF
the Senators In Congress como up for
election next November. There is grave
danger that certain of those gentlemen
may be deluded into the belief that the
votes OF the four millions of men who
are TO profit through the bonus are go
ing to elect them. But Is this the case?
Are there not arraycd on the other
side. among those who pay income and
excess profit taxes directly. or indirectly
as stockholders of corporations. many
times more than four millions? The
number of returns made for income tax
have been as follows: In 1917. 3.742.so0 I;
ih 1918. 4.425.114, and In 1919, $500, 760.
We have not as yet the figures for 1920
The New York herald., 1922-01-31

the point where they constitute a
very substantial majority Of the male
population-a majority large enough,
under aggressive leadership. to form
a powerful bloc. The menace is one
which both women and men outsid
the married circle may well ponder.
The Census Bureau attributes the
increase in married men to the
greater number of foreign born
males in this country whose wives
have remained abroad. But there is
plenty of reason to believe that other
causes have not been totally without
effect. The income tax exemption
may be an urge to wedlock for the
sake of the picayune sum it enables
man as head of family to write
off along with bad debts, losses and
taxes paid or accrued. The military
draft was an incentive to few who
preferred the comforts Of home to
the rigors of trench life. Finally,
in these days when men are put to
it to maintain their rights, there is
the opportunity to control two votes
instead of one.
Whatever the figures may or may
not signify in the economic, domes-
tic or political sense, discovery
awaits EMMA GOLDMAN when she
comes back to this broad land OF
husbands, if ever she does return
She will find that the doctrine of free
love has slipped backward two steps
for each halting hop forward during
her enforced absence.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
Democrats Who Don't Agree.

The situation among the Demo
cratic brethren is not full of friend
ship and joy. Al SMITH, the hero of
Tammany, is against Mayor HYLAN's
plans for port Improvement and win
support the Port Authority scheme Of
the State. The Mayor. instead OF
going to Albany to oppose the former
Governor. suddenly finds that he has
an engagement at Palm Beach.
Mr.. HEARST, who is Mr.. HYLAN's
ardent supporter. is willing to run
for something in this State this year
perhaps Governor. perhaps Senator.
The present tenant OF the Executive
Mansion at Albany. Judge MILLER,
seems to be warmly in favor Of Mr..
HEARsT's running for Governor. Mr..
SMITH, however, does not seem to be
in favor Of Mr.. HEARsT's running for
anything.
Mr.. SMITH would like to be a Sena-
tor in Mr.. CALDER's place, but he
fears that goal cannot be reached II
Mr.. HEARST is nominated for Gov
ernor.
The way seems open for the nomi-
nation of Mayor HYLAN for Governor.
And of course the Mayor would want
DAVID HIRsHFIELD, Commissioner of
Accounts and great authority on
American history. as the candidate
for Senator.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31

fessional seaman did not greatly dis
turb Sir ERNEST. He knew, In the
first place, that the Quest was as
large as the little old whaler MINI
rod, in which he sailed on his second
expedition; in the next place, he had
found out that all his previous de-
partures from precedents had been
advantageous. On his second expe-
dition he took such light clothing
for his land advances that many
persons who saw his stores were in
clined to believe he could not pos
sibly survive the antarctic cold. This
equipment proved his judgment and
foresight wher 1t had practical
test on long marches which the men
of the expedition were forced to
make. For the dogs usually en-
ployed by polar explorers he substi-
tuted specially constructed motor
car and Manchurian ponies. The
car was not entirely successful, but
the ponies carried him to within
about ninety miles of the pole. In
the equipment Of the Quest he made
many innovations. but these came
largely as a result Of his own expert.
ence in polar exploration and his
studies of what was most needed
for the comfort Of his men and the
carrying out Of the plans Of the
expedition.
His most successful southern voy
age, perhaps, was the second, when
he commanded the British antarctic
expedition. He succeeded then in
making a record by reaching the
latitude Of SS degrees and % min.
utes, or less than 100 miles from
the pole; he also ascended Mount
Erebus and he relocated the south
magnetic pole. His third expedi
ton. 1914-16. was especially rich II
geological and scientific surveys.
/ 1t was his human side that made Sil
ERNEST SHAcKLEroN such an inter
esting personality. He was mar
OF fine impulses, of great fearless
ness and of unlimited enthusiasm fol
his work. He was modest in tha
| estimate of his own accomplish
ments; he was always fair in award
ing full justice to his subordinates
and over generous in his praise Of tho
The New York herald., 1922-01-31

Higher Nuptial Index Number.

There is ever a poet or two for
each babbling brook in the land, but
not "a brook for each babbling poet,
the supply of brooks being limited.
m American man does not abjure his
rroclivity TO marry as much may
before very long be said of the
scarcity OF wives.
According TO the census figures,
there are 53,900.431 males above the
age OF 10 years in this country. and
OF this number 21,S49,26 admit TO
marriage at least once, while 1,75S,30S
are conventional widowcrs and 1885,
2S4 by decree of the court are grass
widowers. Thus. and by the mathe.
..atics OF the Census Bureau, the pro
portion OF males married to males
single is as 59.2 TO 40.S per cent. Ten
years ago the number of married men
was only 55.S to the hundred. Despite
iokcsmiths the marriage habit grows
in America.
Further examination OF the figures
reveals that divorces have increased
30 per cent. in the last ten years in
proportion to total population; there
are half a million fewer married
women than married men and there
nro 10000 more divorced women than
divorced men, due to the large mum
bor of men remarked.
These subsidiary figures do not
change the main fact that the per
ccntage OF married men has reached
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
The Penal Problem.
Speedy Justice and Enlightened Fair.
ness TO All Prisoners Advocated.

To THE NEW York HERALD: In THE
New York HERALD of January ~ let
ter was published regarding prisons and
prisoners which no doubt is well meant,
but your correspondent, in my opinion,
is for the most part mistaken.
After many years Of study and snves-
tigation Of this subject certain princi-
pies have been established which must
be upheld. No civilized person could
propose to 60 back to slavery or child
labor. The old practice OF whipping
prisoners. Of treating them cruelty. OF
solitary confinement, Of not giving them
suitable occupation, or any occupation
at all. Of not permitting them to talk.
Of keeping them in stripes, or with ball
and chain, or in dark cells and dungeons.
all have been tried and have not been
successful in preventing crime.
We cannot expect ideal conditions.
Prisoners are failures in life. 1t Is a
fact that in many cases they are fall
ures even as criminals. and dealing with
failures we cannot expect ideal results.
do believe that it would be very de-
sirable to have quick action in the ad-
ministration Of justice. A great part OF
the deterrent effect Is lost by delay in
meti7g out punishment. Quick action
Is Snirable from every standpoint !
also believe that the easily obtainable
bail bond has a bad effect and Is an
unfair discrimination against those not
yet found guilty who cannot obtain bail.
But inhuman and cruel treatment should
stop. Wardens and others in charge of
prisoners should be men Of good stand
ing who have been taught how properly
to conduct prisons. 1t may seem to the
casual observer that severe treatment
acts as deterrent. but that is not the
case. as the more intelligent and able
crook feels sure that through influence
and money he will escape harsh pun
ishment. while the poor and uninfiuen-
tial prisoners are treated with great
severity unless high grade officials are
in charge Of prisons.
Prisoners should get the right kind
Of work to do that will at the same
time bring some revenue to the State.
The proper facilities should be furnished
and the prisoner kept employed at such
work while in prison that he will likely
be able to take care Of himself and his
family. with q chance Of his becoming a
useful member OF society. when he is
discharged. Part Of his earnings should
be used for his maintenance in prison,
part for his familys support and the
rest to make 1t possible for him to get
along after his discharge.
ADoLPH LEwrsoHa.
NEW York, January 30,
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
George Wythc.

To THE New York HERALD: May ]
offer r correction to the spelling OF a
name In your interesting editorial article
studying a Great Document?
George Wythe. not wyethe, was the
dean OF American law instructors. The
correction Is important because the
name of the new school on whose open
ing at the College OF William and Mary
In Virginia your article comments is
tho Marshall-wythc School OF Govern
mcnt and Citizenship. The old wythc
house in Williamsburg. Va, where
George wythe lived Is one OF that
ancient city's Colonial landmarks.
EARL b. THOMAS.
NEW York, January 30.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
Shackleton's Last Voyage.

The death of Sir ERNEST SHACKLE-
TON aboard his small ship the Quest
while making his fourth expedition
in the antarctic region caused a
sense of deep universal regret. He
had many friends and ardent admir-
ers in this country. In 1910, follow
ing his memorable voyage OF 1907
and 1908, when the Government was
severely criticized in England for
the neglect of the expedition and the
parsimonious treatment of its leader,
he came to America. His lecture
tour had the support Of Earl GREY,
then Governor-General Of Canada,
and President TAFT. It's purpose was
to recoup his own fortune, which he
had entirely lost through HIS efforts
to pay the expenses Of the expedi-
tion, and to reimburse his friends for
their expenditures in aiding him.
The lecture called attention to the
work which he had accomplished,
while his attempt to pay off his
indebtedness elected sympathetic
interest and was considered an act
thoroughly consonant with SHACK.
LEToN's sterling honesty and his in
domitable courage in adversely.
Sir ERNEST set out from England
on his final expedition last September.
He was to be gone two years and he
was to cover about 10000 miles OF
practically uncharted waters of the
antarctic region. The expedition, he
announced on his departure, was to
be his last, his swan song. 1t was to
be along the coastal line with only
occasional land journeys. In his re
searches he was 10 endeavor to find
the lost islands Of the region, notably
Tunaki, and to examine the petrified
forests of South Trinidad.
His ship, the Quest, was only zoo
ton vessel. and soon after its depar
ture It encountered such severe
weather of the Portuguese coast that
fear was expressed that so small a
craft could not live through II. II
survived the storm. however, and
after lying up for repairs it reached
Rio de Janeiro. Here 1t was re-
stocked. and on December IS the yes
sci steamed away for the south, the
local experts saying she was 'in ship
shape, her engines and gear leaving
nothing to be desired"
That he was criticized because he
undertook such an expedition in SO
small boat as the Quest and be
cause not one OF his party was pro.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
Mary Garden Toasted at the
Lotos Club.

The Lotos Club did itself honor
Sunday night in honoring MARY
GARDEN. 1t was a notable occasion.
MARY GARDEN is the first woman to
be dined and toasted by this club,
famous for entertaining distinguished
personages. In her happy and illumi-
mating speech that gave the diners
glimpses of her lifework she revealed
genius and the power which have
distinguished her brilliant career.
All the speeches of the evening
played up to MARY GARDEN and
played up MARY GARDEN, much to her
delight and to the delight of every
body. An appalling suggestion came
from OTTo H. KAHN when he said:
you have the gift to succeed in
everything you touch. GoD knows
what you will touch next; you may
be Senator from Illinois"
The suggestion is not appalling
from the point of view of the United
States Senate. That body has not
many enlivening figures. The Borahs
are few. A Senator Mary Garden
would keep public interest in the
upper house at flood. But entering
the Senate would take Miss GARDEN
away from a field in which she is
more needed. The United States Sen
ate is a habit. Once INDUCED in the
victim never returns to the old life
of his own volition.
Miss GARDEN has wandered far
enough from the places where she is
best beloved. New York, which is
small and selfish, would prefer to see
her singer here than manager in
the West. She has vision, though,
of a string of opera houses from
coast to coast. With her inherent
Scottish business sense and her genius
in professional affairs the vision may
be realized.
But IL Miss GARDEN should tire Of
trying to establish transcontinental
opera let her hurry back to New
York, which will always be waiting
for one to whom it owes so much.
She will be happier here than in the
Senate.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
Stumped.

He was so wise in all that bore
On ancient symbols and inscriptions
Full was he of Assyrian lore;
Deep was he in the old Egyptians.
With cuneiforms he liked to hirt
And ideographs were Joy exceeding;
A hieroglyph found him expert
And in the end proved easy reading.
But simpler things would mystify
And led him only to disaster.
The racing charts were SO much pi;
The ticker tape he could not master
And when he saw the figures in
The charge account his wife presented
The poor mans head began to spin
He acted just like one demented!
NATHAN M. LEVY.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
PUBLIC LECTURES TONIGHT.

MANHATTAN AND THE BRONX.
..Trend OF tho Times,'' Prof. william n.
Guthrie, at wadleigh II. s.. Hath street and
Seventh avenue.
.spIays OF the Hour" Miss Ada Sterling. 1T
N. v. p. L.. woodstock Branch. 100 East
16oth street. The Bronx.
"women's Work in Music" Mrs. Florence
p. Clarendon. at T.. g. 10. 20S West Thr-
teenth street.
hel, at =. s. 90, Eighty-eighth street and
First avenue; illustrated.
"The Psychology OF Youth and Its Rcla-
tion to Social Development DIR. Winfield
scott Hall, at r. 8. 132. 1S2d street and
wadswortn avenae.
.Romancc Of the Pyrences." Garrett y.
serviss, at American Musussn OF Natural
History. seventy-scventh street and Central
park West; illustrated.
The Music OF Germany Miss Marie ~
se,,hire Wisthan. at Hunter College. Lexin5-
ton avenue and sixty-eighth street.
..TurkIsh Ilfe and Customs. Miss sumayeh
Attiych, at r. G. b6, 2c7th street and Hull
avenue. Tho Bronx.
.The Period Of tho Spsns',-Amcrican
war" Father Daniel G. Cunnon. at 81
kpseim's Hall. linton avenue. near i55,h
street. The Bronx; illustrated.
BROOKLYN AND QUEENS.
"Trend OF the Times" Miss Jennie NJ
Davis. at Bny Ridge II. s.. Fourth avenue
and slxty-seventh street
"Book OF the Hour" Prof. J. g. Garter
Troop, at p. r. L., Pacific Branch. Fourth
avenue and Pacific street.
Historical Violin Recital No. 2. Gincomc
lunteno. at BOYS H. s'' "atcy anu Tut-
nam avenues.
"pance Tunes and Rhythmic. Swing In
,svsic and LITERATURE" Miss Sally Hamlin.
M r. s.. 10. Conover and wolcott streets.
"Tbe Man without a Country" Mrs. Ma.
rion Leland. at r. s. 17f, Dumont and Ala
bama avenues.
The New York herald., 1922-01-31
TUESDAY. JANUARY 81. 1922.
Public Opinion and the Genoa
Conference.

II is certain that public opinion
strongly favors Americas presence
at the Genoa Conference. THE NEW
York HERALD gets this expression
from all over the country. In the
Senate and House very few oppose it,
none in fact save the undying segre-
gationists-those who would have
America fenced in from all the ma
tions of the earth and forbid her
cooperation or participation in any
thing international. The large per-
centage Of the Senate and House
while favOring American participa-
tion are content, however, to leave
the decision with the President.
The poll obtained by THE New
York HERALD and published in its
Sunday and Monday issues of Cham
bers of Commerce, of Mayors of cities
and of Governors of States as
whole is overwhelmingly in favor of
American representation in the
Genoa Conference, almost insistent
on such representation.
Mayors of cities and presidents of
Chambers of Commerce are well nigh
unit in their demand for American
representation. The Governors of
States, on the other hand, are divided.
They lean towards abstention from
American participation. This is odd.
Is it because of the political point Of
view, or is it because they are too
remote from the throbbing heart of
business?
The fact that the Genoa Conference
is. called to deal with economic mat.
ters accounts for the strong desire
of American business and business
men to have American representation
in that conference. American business
Is much too closely related to Euro
pean business to make Indifference
possible concerning the doings of the
Genoa Conference with its bearing on
American business interests.
Economics that affects Europe
affects America. Economics that is
good for Europe must in the long
run be good for America Economics
OF wholly European making that
would be bad for America would in
the long run be bad for Europe.
European business and American
business are so interlaced that in the
bulk they are q unit.
In dealing with the economics Of
Europe at the Genoa Conference at
this time of business and financial
chaos over there America has got to
be present in her own interest as
well as to bring to the conference her
knowledge and experience and re-
sourcefulness for the benefit OF world
economic betterment.
There is nothing for America to be
afraid of. IL European politics insin-
mates itself into the discussion such
discussion is not for America. This
could be made perfectly plain with
our acceptance of the invitation.
Economics. business, finance, world
cooperation. restoration of commerce,
upbuilding OF industries-all these
mean as much to America as TO any
ether country. Discussion and action
on them without Americas presence
and Americas cooperation would be
a pity, alike unwise for Europe and
for America.