davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-06-14
SENATE TOLD NAVAL
GLASS BAITED JEW
Sutherland Makes Charges and
Cites Mock Biography
From Year Book.
Special Dispatch to THE NEW YonK HrnMo.
New York Herald Bureau.
xN..Is..la.. II q lima IL

New York Herald Bureau.
Washington, ID. C.. June 13. I
When the naval appropriation bill
comes before the Senate Tomorrow some
action may be taken oil charges made
to-day by Senator Sutherland (W. Va.)
that a young Jew from his State had
been treated to a refinement of cruelty
at the Naval Academy.
Mr.. Sutherland's charges caused SEN
sation in the Senate. He said this
years Lucky Bag, the annual publica-
tion of the graduating class at
the Naval Academy, had a mock biogra-
ply of Leonard Kaplan, native OF
West Virginia, and that the page on
which II was printed was perforated so
that those who wished to eliminate it
from the class record could do so by
tearing out the page without disfiguring
the book.
Expressions in favor of a thorough in
vestigation Of the matter were made by
Senator'S Pomerene (Ohfo). King
(Utah) and McCumber On. d.. They
agreed with Senator Sutherland that
while the students themselves published
the book they unquestionably did So
under supervision of the academy
authorities. Discrimination against a
member of class at the Naval Academy
was an offense which could not be toll
Grated, several Of the Senators declared.
Senator Sutherland pointed out that
throughout the four years young Kaplan
was at Annapolis he had maintained
very high standard and that he was
very near the head of the class when
graduated a short time ago.
During the debate it was brought out
that instead of Kaplan's picture Carl
cature of him was used in connection
with his biography under the caption,
"Porky." The biography" follows:
Born In the township of Zion, County
of Cork State of Ignorance, Sunday.
March II. 1900. Educated in the Con-
vent of Zion, 1906-1911, Zion City. Col
lect 1911-15. Department of Geologi-
cal Engineering, School of Reductive
Science. U. S. Naval Rock College,
Portsmouth, N. H., 1916-191S. Midship-
man u. S. ~ r. S. Fourth of July, 1918,
until death do us part.
"a stewed gent below the average and
a poker player of marked ability. Has
always maintained that the prime factor
in good academic standing Is grease
rather than genius-grease which in
,cludes, first, the mental effort or coer-
Give force to bone out of hours and be-
fore reveille second, the knowledge Of
ones own Importance.
tsFor further information see the list
of those denied privileges until by posi-
tive action on their part they show they
merit further consideration"
The New York herald., 1922-06-14
Flag 145 Years Old;
City Celebrates To-day

TODAY is Flag Day, when
public schools and patriotic
bodies will hold exercises
celebrating the introduction of a
resolution in Congress by John
Adams declaring that the flag of
the thirteen United States shall be
thirteen stripes, alternate red and
white; that the Union be thirteen
stars, white on blue field. repre-
senting a new constellation" This
resolution was introduced on June
IA, 17T7. The day is not a holiday,
but the average citizen will observe
it by hanging flags from his win
dow-if he does not forget.
The New York herald., 1922-06-14
Opposition strengthened in
Numbers and Strategic
Advantage.
McCUMBER'S HANDS TIED
Crisis Is Approaching When
Democrats May Take Charge
of Measure.
nr LOUIS sEIBoLp.

Special Dispatch to THE NEW YORK IIERALn
New York Herald Bureau.
Washington, ID. C.. June I3.
The New York herald., 1922-06-14
BoY DRowNs, MOTHER rA1NTs.

Walter Lee. aged Is, of 163 Tenth ave.
nue., was drowned last night while
swimming in the Hudson River off
West Twenty-seventh street. His
mother after watching the police grap-
pie for the body for more than an hour,
collapsed on the pier and had to be
carried to her home. The boys body
was not recovered
The New York herald., 1922-06-14
WILL RUSH WORK ON
SOLDIER HOSPITALS
Veterans Bureau viii Ask
for Bids June 20.
4 Special Dispatch to THE NEW York HERALD.
New York Herald Bureau,
Washington, ID. c., June IL.


Washington, ID. c.. June 13.
New hospital projects authorized by
the Langley bill, involving an expendi-
ture of s17,000,000 for disabled former
service men, will be under way within
six weeks. Director Forbes of the War
Veterans Bureau announced to-day.
To rush work on three of the largest
projects at Liberty, n. Y, Chillicothe.
Ohio and Northampton, Mass, bids will
be asked on June 23 for the founda ton
and excavation work These hospitals
will be ready to operate within eight
months.
President Harding to-day approved
the establishment of two 500 bed hospi-
tails on Government land at the Great
Lakes Naval Training Station, near Chi
cago. This project will cost $4,000. 600.
Approval also was obtained by Director
Forbes for the construction of vet
erans hospital on Government owned
land at Camp Lewis. Tacoma
The New York herald., 1922-06-14
McCumber Gets Hard Blow.

Consequently the plans of Chairman
McCumber, who wants to have the
bonus acted on before the North Da-
kota primaries decide on June 2S
whether he is to continue in the Sem
ate, lost the support of many sympa-
thetic associates who had agreed to
cooperate with him in this respect.
1t is quite clear to Senators for
against and holding a neutral posi-
ton on the bonus that a crisis in the
turbulent history of the $5,00O,00 600
scheme is approaching.
No definite move to disregard the
wishes of the President regarding the
tariff (Which he favors) and the bonus
(Which he disapproves) will be made
until Senator Lodge, the majority
leader in the upper house. returns
from political fence building in the
Bay State. He is expected tomorrow,
when he will find even greater confu-
sion prevailing regarding the bonus
than was expected. Some of Mr..
Lodges party associates, who regard
him as friendly to the bonus, although
he disapproves of the McCumber cer-
tificate loan plan scheme, will urge
him to summon a Republican confer
ence to adopt a program for the rest
of the session.
Mr.. McCumber and the other ardent
bonus Senators will request him tC
support their plan for setting aside the
tariff for "a few days" which the
Finance Committee chairman believes
will be sufficient to dispose of the
bonus hill.
No better illustration Of the growth
of opposition to the bonus since THE
NEW YORK HERALD made clear its sig.
nificance and Importance to the peo-
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
NOTICE OF sHERIFFS SALE
Oct 18-Nov 8

ROBERT L. OWEN, Plaintiff,
VS..
TAHOMA GOLD MINES COMPANY
Corporation, Defendant.
NOTICE OF SHERIFF'S SALE UN-
DER WRIT OF EXECUTION ON
FORECLOSURE.
UNDER AND BY VIRTUE of a
writ of execution and decree of fore
closure issued out of the District
Court of the Third Judicial District
State of Idaho, in and for the County
of Gilmore, on the End day Of October,
A. D. 1922, in the above entitled &C
ton, wherein Robert l.. Owen, the
above named plaintiff, obtained de-
cree against Tahoma Gold Mines
Company, a corporation, defendant,
on thel 25th day of September, A. D.
1929, which decree was, on the 25th
day of September, 1922, recorded in
Judgment Book of said Court, at
page $50, / am commanded to sell all
that certain lot, piece or parcel of
land situated in the County of Ell
more, State of Idaho, and bounded
and particularly described as follows,
to-wit:
Tahoma Lode Mining Claim,
United States Survey No. 81, West
Tahoma Lode Mining Claim, Unit
ed States Survey No. IS, Nettie
Lode Mining Claim, United States
Survey No. 66, and North Tahoma
Mining Claim unpatented, ada
cent to the foregoing patented
Lode Mining Claims, all of said
claims being situate in Atlanta
Mining District in said County OF
Elmore, State of Idaho, and refer
ence hereby being made to the rec
ords of the County Recorders Of
flee in said Gilmore County, Idaho,
and to the records in the United
States Land Office at Boise, Idaho,
and of said United States Survey
Nos. "a, 65 and Sc, for a more ex-
tended and particular description
thereof.
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN That
on Saturday, the 4th day Of NoYem-
Der. 1922, at ten o'clock A. NJ of
said day, Mountain Time, in front
Of the front door of Gilmore County
Court House, in Mountain Home,
Idaho, l will, in obedience to said
writ of execution and decree of fore
closure, sell the above described
or so much thereof as may
be necessary to satisfy plaintiffs de-
cree with interest thereon and costs,
attorneys fees and expenses of sale,
TO the highest bidder for cash, lawful
money of the United States.
Dated this 18th day Of October,
1922.
ARTHUR A. STEVENS, Sheriff.
Oct 13-Nov
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
ALIAS SUMMONS FOR PUBL
CATION


In the District Court of the Third
Judicial District of the State OF
Idaho, in and for Gilmore County
II. G. MYERS, Plaintiff,
VS..
KEELEN LINE, INC, a corporation
T. ]. KEELBN, e. IL. JAMES and
JESTY A. WESLEY, the Directors
and Trustees of said Keelen Line,
Inc, a delinquent corporation, and
all the unknown owners of or
claimants to all or any part of
Lots Eleven CID to Seventeen
(17), inclusive, of Block Twenty
seven, of Gilmore Addition to
Glenns Ferry, Gilmore County,
Idaho, Defendants.
THE STATE OF IDAHO SENDS
GREETINGS TO THE ABOVE
NAMED DEFENDANTS:
YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED
that a complaint has been fled
against you in the District Court of
the Third Judicial District OF the
of Gilmore, by the above named plain
tiff, and you are hereby directed to
appear and answer the said COM
plant within twenty days Of the
service of this summons If served
within the said Judicial District, and
within forty days if served else
where; and you are further notified
that unless you so appear and answer
said complaint within the time here
in specified, the plaintiff will take
judgment against you as prayed in
said complaint. Said action is
brought to recover judgment against
said corporate defendant and its di-
rectors as Trustees upon a promis-
sorry note to G. A. Carter dated Janu-
airy 20, 1920. for Seven Hundred
($700.00) Dollars and ten (10) per
cent interest, One Hundred ($100.00)
Dollars attorneys fees and $37.15
taxes and interest thereon and costs,
and to foreclose mortgage securing
said note, of like date, covering the
above described property, recorded
in said County in Book 43 Of Mort
cages, page 304, and duly assigned to
plaintiff
Witness my hand and the seal Of
said District Court this 14th day of
1922.
f. NJ. HOBBS, Clerk.
HAWLEY & HAWLEY, Attorneys
for Plaintiff; Residence, Boise,
Idaho.
Sept 22-Oct 81
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
NOTICE OF sHERIFFs SALE

BY VIRTUE of an execution in my
hands. issued out Of the District
Court Of the Third Judicial District
of the State of Idaho, in and for the
County of Gilmore, in the suit of II
w. Kirkbride against Thomas p
Philipsen, duly attested the 30th day
of September, A. d. 1922, l have
levied upon all the right, title and
interest of the said Thomas p. Phil
ipsen, in and to the following de-
scribed property, situated in Gilmore
County, Idaho, viz:
Southeast quarter of Section Seven
ID, Township Two (2) South,
Range Five (5) East, of the Boise
Meridian.
NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN, That
on Saturday, the 4th day of Novem-
Der, A. d. 1922, at eleven o'clock A.
M. of said day, Mountain Time, in
front of the front door of Gilmore
County Court House, in Mountain
Home. County of Gilmore, State of
Idaho, I will sell all the right, title
and interest of the said Thomas p.
Philipsen, in and to the said above
described property, at public auc-
ton, to the highest bidder for cash
in lawful money of the United States,
to satisfy said execution and all
costs.
Given under my hand, this 18th
day of October, A. d. 1922.
ARTHUR A. STEVENS, Sheriff.
By w. w. FOUNTAIN,
Deputy Sheriff.
Oct 13-Nov 8
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
ALIAS SUMMONS FOR PUBL
nhTTON

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF the
Third Judicial District of the
State of Idaho, in and for Gilmore
County.
Lydia L. Perry, Plaintiff,
vs..
Frank Perry, Defendant.
The State of Idaho sends greetings
to Frank Perry the above-named de-
PENDANT.
You are hereby notified that a
complaint has been filed against you
in the District Court of the Third
Judicial District Of the State of Ida
no, in and for the County Of Gilmore,
by the above-Damed plaintiff.
This action is brought to secure
Judgment dissolYing the bonds OF
matrimony now existing between the
plaintiff and the defendant on the
grounds Of willful desertion, and for
the restoration of the plaintiffs
maiden name of Lydia L. Laid. All
of which will more fully appear by
eopv of the complaint served here
with. And you are hereby directed
TO appear and answer the said COM
plant within twenty days after
service Of this Summons, If served
within the said Judicial District and
forty days If served without; ana
you are further notified that unless
you do appear and answer the COM
plant within the time specified here
in the plaintiff will take Judgment
rs against you as prayed in the COM
plant.
Witness my hand and the seal OF
the said District Court on this the
23rd day of August, 1922.
f. NJ. HOBBS, Clerk.
(Seal) BY w. F. Ottenhelmer,
Deputy.
DANIEL MCLAUGHLIN, Attorney
for Plaintiff, residing at Mountain
Home, Idaho.
Sept 15-Oct IL
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
NOTICE OF sHERIFFs SALE

BY VIRTUE of an execution in my
hands, issued out of the District
Court OF the Third Judicial District
OF the State of Idaho, in and for the
County of Ada, in the suit of P. H.
Quirk against Jim Bores, duly at
tested the 21st day Of July, A. d.
1922, I have levied upon all the
right, title and interest of the said
Jim BOres I'm and to the following
described property situated in Eli
more County, Idaho, viz:
The East Half of the Northwest
quarter (Eh NWA and the East
Half of the Southwest quarter (Eh
SWA) of Section Nineteen (19),
the East Half of the Northwest quar-
ter (E1k NWA) and the Southwest
quarter OF the Northeast quarter
(SWA NEA) and Lot One "a of
Section Thirty 900, all in Town
ship Three CD North, Range Five
(5) East, of the Boise Meridian.
NOTICE rs HEREBY GIVEN that
on Saturday, the 18th day of Octo-
Der, A. d. 1922, at ten o'clock A. M
Of said day, Mountain Time, In front
Of the front door of Gilmore County
Court House, in Mountain Home, FL
more County, Idaho, / will sell all
the right, title and interest of the
said Jim Bores, In and to the above
described property, at public auction,
to the highest bidder for cash in law
full money Of the United States. to
satisfy said execution and all costs.
Given under my hand, this 2lst
day of September, A. ID. 1922.
ARTHUR A. STEVENS,
Sheriff.
Cat
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
BOB presley ON
THE BANKER

In looking through the country tow
For men of prestige and renown,
Who build and advertise a place,
We find the banker sets the pace.
There are some sIant-eyed money
kings
Who keep small towns from doing
things,
But they are scaree-death seals
their doom,
And then their towns enjoy a boom
When you've a chance to make haul
By buying pickles in the fall
And peddle pickles in the spring
And thus become a pickle king,
You do not seek your maiden aunt
And spring your Concentrating
chant;
You don't salaam and meekly rend
Your robes before some wealthy
friend;
They'd help you but-they've spent
their jack
For camisoles and bric-a-brac.
The only chance to make that deal
Is at the bank; they hear your spiel,
And pave the way with gold in stacks
For you to pay an income tax.
When some subscription project lags,
Committees call on money bags;
They smoke his twenty-cent cigars,
Attend conventions in his cars,
And corkscrew ducats from his vault
To cure the lame, the blind, the halt.
In time, however, you will learn
That even banking worms will turn,
And there's no penace that compares
With boarding bankers in their lairs.
You seek their den with faltering
step,
Without your usual nerve and pep,
And meekly stammer that you've
"got
Some money coming but-you're not
At present-fxed to meet that note;
You'd like"-the words won't pass
your throat.
The banker lays his pen aside
And says, well, Bill, we'll let it
ride"
Outside the bank you fairly dance
And go any buy your kids some pants
And several books about the Yaks,
And get your wife a brand-new axe.
That chap in there behind the bars
Helps head off half your family jars.
Oh, when I leave this earthly sphere
| hope some banker will be near
To supplement my stingy roll
IN case can't pay Charon's toll.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
Serial O9229
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

Department of the Interior, U. S
Land Office at Boise, Idaho, October
4, 1922.
NOTICE is hereby given that Max
Mayfield, of Boise, Idaho, who, on
May 81, 1910, made Desert Land
Entry No. 09229, for NJ SWA
sWH SWA Sec 81, and NWA
NWA Sec. "a, Twp. 1 South, Range
5 East. Boise Meridian, has filed no
tice of intention to make final proof
under Paragraph 3, Act March 4,
1915, to establish claim to the land
above described, before the Register
and Receiver at the United States
Land Office at Boise, Idaho, on the
9th day of November, 1922.
Claimant names as witnesses:
William L. Thomson and Charles
Thomson, Of Mayfeld, Idaho, and
Robert Sproat, Jr., and Hugh Sproat,
of Boise, Idaho.
Abe BARTLETT SINCLAIR,
Register.
Oct 6-Nov 3
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
UNIVERSITY AID EXTENSION
Money in Seed Peas

The first lot of seed peas threshed
this season in Camas county aver
aged about 80 bushels to the acre.
The peas were of a variety that is
not an exceptionally heavy yielder,
according to County Agent P. M.
Jesness, but the price is such as to
make this crop worth approximately
as much as 80 or IS bushels of wheat
per acre. It is expected that next
year will see a much larger acreage
in seed peas in this country.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
Serial O23435
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

Department of the Interior, U. s.
Land Office at Boise, Idaho, October
4, 1922.
NOTICE is hereby given that Will
liam Root, of Mountain Home, Idaho,
who, on July 10, 1921, made Home
stead Entry No. e23435 for ny
SEA, Section 30, Township 4 South,
Range East, Boise Meridian, has
filed notice of intention to make g.
year proof to establish claim to the
land above described, before d. A..
Utter, United States Commissioner,
at his Office at Mountain Home, Ida
no, on the 11th day of November
1922.
Claimant names as witnesses: Les
lie B. Green, Ray II. Englehart, WI
ley M. Daniel, and Frank A Collins,
all of Mountain Home, Idaho.
ABC BARTLETT SINCLAIR,
Register.
Oct 6-Nov 8
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
Serial 02O276
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

Department of the Interior, U. S
Land Office at Boise, Idaho, Septem.
Der II, 1922.
NOTICE is hereby given that Mar
garet Thankful White, formerly
Margaret Thankful Douglass, OF
Boise, Idaho, who, on July %, 1918,
made Additional Homestead Entry,
Act June II, 1910, No. O20276, for
NJ NWA, NJ NWA, Section %,
Township 2 South, Range 8 East,
Boise Meridian, has filed notice of
intention to make S-year proof, to
establish claim to the land above de-
scribed, before the Register and Re-
ceiver at the United States Land Of
fee, at Boise, Idaho, on the 18th day
of October, 1922.
Claimant names as witnesses: w.
H. Savidge, L. G. Douglass and
Leonard Barber, all of Boise, Idaho,
and Elwood Smith, of Thurman,
Idaho. BARTLETT SINCLAIR,
Abe Register.
Sept 15-Oct 10
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
LEGAL NOTICES
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

IN THE DISTRICT COURT of the
Third Judicial District of the State
Of Idaho, in and for Gilmore
County
In Re Application for Dissolution OF
Community Farms Company.
NOTICE is hereby given that on
October 9Th, 1922, there was filed in
the above entitled court an applica-
ton of the Community Farms Com
pany, a domestic corporation, for
the voluntary dissolution thereof.
and that objections of any person to
said dissolution may be filed herein.
within thirty days from the first
publication of this notice.
Dated October 9Th, 1922.
f. NJ HOBBS, Clerk,
(Seal) BY w. f. Ottenheimer,
Deputy.
SULLIVAN & SULLIVAN, Residence
Boise, Idaho, Attorneys for Petit
TONER
Oct 1S-Nov II
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
Trv smnt Control Method

Farmers throughout the grain pro-
ducing sections of Idaho are beeom-
ing interested in the new copper
carbonate method of treating seed
wheat for prevention of sinking
smut, according to C. w. Hunger
ford, plant pathologist of the uni
versity experiment station. The
method is still in it's experimental
stage, however.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13

and County Agent Walter f. Thomas
predicts the probable planting of a
larger acreage next year. Mr..
Thomas recently visited idaho Falls
to study the problem of marketing
head lettuce and to purchase crates.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
New Cattle Barn Opened

With the annual Gag Bawl," the
new beef cattle barn of the univer-
sity, replacing the barn that was
burned last winter, was opened by
agricultural students, playing hosts
to the other students of the univer-
sity.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
Short Course Starts

The agricultural short course for
eighth grade graduates starts at the
University of Idaho October 16 and
continues for five months. Instruc-
ton is given in almost every phase
of agriculture.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13

Home brew in jail! Well, we'll!
The source of the jags which prison
ers at the Youngstown, o., jail have
been accommodating was discovered
this week. The prisoners had been
saving their jelly, putting it into a
bucket which they secreted on top
of a cell, and making home brew
mixture of jelly and water, which,
according to them, had satisfactory
results.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13

The mystery of the slain New
Brunswick rector and his choir sing
er appears to be in fair way of be-
ing cleared. Clifford Hays, 10 years
of age, is accused by Raymond
Schneider of having shot the couple
by mistake, thinking they were Is
year-old Pearl BANNER and her step
father. Both Hayes and Schneider
are now under arrest, and the author
tiles have arrested both Pearl Bah
mer and her stepfather The latter
is charged with contributing to the
delinquency of Pearl, who admits i'm
proper relations with both the step
father and Schneider. Tis indeed an
unsavory mess. A great many peo-
pie do not take much stock in the
accusations of Schneider, and it is
reported that fund is being raised
for Hayes defense.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13

The sequel to the Tiernan-Poulon
paternity case at South Bend, Ind,
was staged last Saturday when Mrs
John P. Herman, the erring woman
in the case, filed suit for divorce,
charging cruel and inhuman treat
ment Mrs. Tiernan had charged
Harry Poulon with being the father
of her last child, but the man was
acquitted.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
LEGAL NOTICES
Federal Power Commission

In compliance with the Federal
Water Power Act (41 Stat, 1063)
notice is hereby given that the Moores
Creek Boulder Gold Dredging Com
pany, of Boise, Idaho, has filed an
application for a license for a con-
structed project on Boise River in
Boise County Idaho, in Section II,
7. 3 N, r. f., B. M. Any objec-
ton to such application, or request
for hearing thereon, together with
any briefs, reports, or other data for
which consideration is desired should
be submitted to the Executive Secre-
tary Federal Power Commission,
Washington, d. G.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1922-10-13
Inrestieates Potatn Cost

What does it cost to grow pota-
toes? Figures to answer this ques-
ton are being collected by County
Agent Walter F. Thomas of Bling
ham county by means of question
naire among farmers.