davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1922-09-01

In his speech at Marion on July 4
President Harding said. "A free
American has the right to work
without any others leave" And In
his message to Congress on August
is he repeated the proposition and
vigorously asserted that II would
be maintained by the American
government.
DID Mr.. Harding understand the
revolutionary bearings of his state
ment? On both occasions, it IL true,
his words were prompted by spe-
cific set OF circumstances-the stu
alton in the coal and rail- strikes. It
was not his intention. for the time
being, we may suppose, 10 see the
principle applied beyond those two
fields. He did, nevertheless, elevate
the issue 10 a moral plane, not be-
ing satisfied to consider merely the
public's right and convenience. And
II a moral issue can be found to
guarantee a mans right to work with
reference to the mining of coal and
operation of the railroads, mans
right TO work, unmolested by his
fellows. can be made a moral issue
wherever labor is employed. For
II is absurd to look upon this as a
sacred right only when the inter-
ruption of mans work inconveni-
ences the public.
AS stated by President Harding,
here is a great moral principle to
enforce which he means to use "al
the powers OF the Government"
II is a principle with a ring 10 II.
the kind Of ring which sounds Amer
ican-''A free American has the
right 10 work without any others
leave" II is a principle which
should appeal TO every one as a true
birthright. It Is not a
new principle. yet one which has
long been in allegiance. And the
determination OF a President OF the
United States to enforce It would,
4 carried out broadly. be one OF the
most important milestones in our
history. II the President will live
Up TO his words, and II, through the
OF the Government
he succeeds In so changing the COM
plexion OF our Industrial life that
1utlawry and threats OF violence no
onger find a place in labor disputes,
his one achievement will make him
an outstanding figure among our
Presidents.
He has chosen an suspicious time.
rhe public is sick of seeing itself
iouted. of being at the mercy of
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
PROHIBITION SENTIMENT

From the st. Louis Globe Democrat.
One of the most striking and signl-
ficant facts in the primary election
in st. Louis was the revelation OF
the strong public sentiment against
prohibition as Il now stands in the
law, In the race for the Repub,
lican senatorial nomination Mr..
Sacks. who made light wine and
beer" the basis of his campaign. re-
ceived an overwhelming majority
over all the Eve other candidates
combined. He received. in fact. 60
per cent OF the total vote. and un-
questionably it was given to him
solely because he stood out as an adj
vocate OF Eight wine and beer"
That the same sentiment also con-
tributed very largely to Senator
Reeds great vote in st. Louis Is not
10 be doubted. Indeed. it is not
too much to say that It was Mr..
Reeds known attitude toward prohi-
bition that saved him from defeat
through the feeling in St Louis hos
tile 70 complete prohibition.
We make these statements for no
political reason, but to present local
evidence of a state OF public feeling
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
SUPPORT THE STATE FAIR

j., nELAwARE STATE FAIR will open here on next
IL Monday will continue until the ensuing Friday
evening.
II the people Of Delmarvia Peninsula OF the
nearby OF Pennsylvania and New Jersey have
proper appreciation the promotive, educa-
institution it will be great sue
cess this year because the biggest and the
best thing OF held Delaware in near
by territory.
One OF its noteworthy will be the Ma
tsonal Hereford Show which will be held in coniunc
ton with the fair AS American Hereford Cattle
Breeders Association the show brought east
year the beef cattle strongho!ds of the
West in response TO a developing demand throughout
the East for more cattle production Eastern
farms
A beef cattle program of farming for the
Eastern profitable agriculture, balanced
farm labor throughout the year, easier work with
calves milking" enriched soil larger crops
and a new-found use for the of natural
grass now being wasted countless Eastern farms.
One big Eastern herds that will special
attention because Of size and local ownership will be
that of the Delaware Land and Development Company
which operates the 2OOO-aere dupont farm Buck
Doe Run. Pennsylvania Under the management Of
MACMILLAN Hopes herd of 500 Herefords has been
built up the company's farm. Among them are
eighty head recently purchased from the estate E
s. Moser Olathe Kansas and hfty-one heifers bred
By T. r. Early Peabody, Kansas. In addition to
eral calves Of breeding, Manager Hopes will
exhibit the animals the old Moser herd Mr.
Hopes has active in promoting the beef cattle IN
dustry in East is chiefly responsible for draw
ing the National Hereford Show TO Wilmington from
the beef cattle strongholds OF the West.
It should forgotten by anyone. however. that
the Hereford show is only OF many attractions
which the State Fair will present the public.
There will be all the usual exhibits with many new
ones added racing the special entertainment
features also will be fine
Everyone who possibly go should do so and pull
his pound make the Fair the success it de-
serves to be
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
With The Photographers

Whenever retail dealer advertises that the new tar
m will necessitate increas prizes he gives notice
the public that his business not honestly conducted
and that It is good place for customers who want
deal to avoid It has been shown by indubitabe
evidence that there relationship between the low
prices which importers buy commodities in. cheap
labor markets abroad and the prices charged TO the
ultimate The pays all the traffic
will without reference original costs-National
Republican.
The budget is working and 1t is paying good deal
than its board and keep, evidenced by the fact
that when the United States Treasury closed
on June the fiscal year 1922 It showed surplus
of 314 million dollars instead OF the deficit IS million
dollars which expected when the estimates OF re-
ceipts expenditures for the year submitted
Congress in December by President Harding Receipts
were larger than the estimates but the point
II that expenditures fell 1913 million dollars below
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Tribune.
We take the most costly and disastrous method of
setting industrial disputes And labor leaders fight the
Industrial idea because IL would settle these things
peaceaby and thus curta the incomes Of lot Of
labor spokesmen who then would be out of jobs
Cedar Rapids (Ia-) Gazette.
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
(From the independently.

labor and capital, and is more thai
willing to have the old, prlmitiv,
methods replaced by more enlight
ened ones.
But let no one think that the
principle OF mans right to work will
be accepted without great opposi.
ton. especially on the part OF labor
leaders. They know, and every
body knows. that the teeth OF most
strikes have been violence and IN
timidation. Once the principle in
question is strictly enforced. the
strike will IN general have lost its
potency. It may be that by a
widening OF the affiliations OF labor
unions a great deal can be accom-
plished by means of sympathetic
strikes. even without threat and vio-
lence. But that method Is full OF
difficulties for the labor leaders.
The enforcement OF the principle
Of the right to work would be re-
garded by union labor as a body
blow, and not unnaturally. Suppose
Il were known that every person re-
placing a STRIKER today would be
completely safeguarded how long
would the railroad strike last? II
would collapse Immediately. since
labor is plentiful just now. In con-
slderlng the principle outlined by
the President every one might as
well recognize that It's enforcement
would. unless supplemented by care
fully devised legislation. upset most
Of the present calculations Of the
labor union. 1t would tend TO leave
laborers at the mercy of the en-
ployer, as they were left before the
union became so active. II is. OF
course. the public's realization of
labor's plight and the employers
greed which has made people, dur
ing the past thirty or forty years.
so tolerant of the outlawry practiced
by unions. BY outlawry and threats
OF outlawry the workingman sue
ceeded in lettering his economic
status, and a sympathetic public was
lenient and forgiving on that ac-
count.
But the public now understands
how patient it has been. 1t is be-
ginning to insist that the relations
OF labor and capital shall be so man
aged that there shall not be this
widespread inconvenience year in
and year out. 1t has no intention
Of taking away from the union its
privilege of collective bargaining or
It's right 20 strike, but II is now
ready to say that unless working
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
ConferTing PolUer
(From the New York Tribune).

Assuming that the President has
made himself understood. he would
have Congress clothe his office with
authority. II the present coal and
railroad emergencies persist until
the public health and safety are i'm
periled. temporarily, to operate such
coal mines as continue to be idle
and such railroads as find them
selves unable to supply adequate
transportation service.
This conclusion Is not one which
has been willingly or hastily reach
ed. 1t Is a conviction forced by a
long train OF circumstances. Though
reason may yet assert itself the
presence OF a possible Overwhelming
public calamity seems to dictate
that the government have special
and extraordinary powers. Should
the authority be conferred. It will.
of course. not be construed as an
implied mandate. but merely as
permissive.
But the President, although his
own mind Is clear. is averse to
browbeahng Congress into making
a delegation of authority. There Is
no club at the White House. The
mild Harding temperament is nom
tyrannous and comedies the consti-
tutional prerogatives Of Congress.
So to Congress public opinion must
direct its appeals.
If Congress. stopping proftless
debate. proceeds at once to give the
President discretionary power. its
action may be expected to have a
cooling effect and to lessen the need
of using extreme measures. Ele-
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
OUR Arr,rNUArEp ARMY

lrUNo get some idea OF the decmation OF tho United
Il State Army caused by the Appropriation Bill fol
the fiscal 1s2a It is only state that the
enlisted strength OF the army WAS. the score OF
economy. cut from 100000. provided for In the Ma
tional Defense Act 1920 $4,000 present
thorzed. This is 10000 below the number provided
for in the National Defense Act OF 1916.
Congress having spoken the army has moved stead
lily its task. The missions OF the army assigned by
the Defense Act of 1920 % train and develop
the National Guard and the Organized Reserves. the
two branches OF citizen soldery; cd to maintain
necessary schools for the training of officers and
enlisted of the three oomponents of tho army,
Regulars Guards Reserves; CD to maintain the
administrative overhead the three-party army "a
to provide peace-tme garrisons for continental
defenses; go to provide and sarrsons
for possessions; CO. to maintain we'll
trained force emergency purposes and
model demonstrating for the two bodies Of
citizen soldery How succeed in these missions with
than per that provided in the act
assigning them was course the great problem which
the War Department had to meet
The first thing do determine how this re-
duced army which represents soldier for each $500
citizens. could be distributed the several arms
Of service The distribution arrived at follows:
Infantry. 46.42s; Cavalary, 1871; Field Artillery
1717S Coast Artillery 1906 Air Service $500; Engi
neers 5000; Signal Corps 21S4 ouartermaster Corps
SO7; Chemical Warfare Service 445 Medical Depart
ment $3.50; d. E. NJ L., 5704; unallotted, 104 The
force responsible for the maintenance of law and
order in our overseas possessions numbers 2s27T APP
portioned as follows: Philippine Islands ASIA; Hawaii,
1875: Panama. $3.50; Porto Rico. LIZA. This leaves
for use in the 9672S enlisted for the
performance of the many duties assigned under the
National Defense Act
distribution of troops in the United States.
says the War Department the greatest reduction
essarily made defenses and in the
mobile force BY mobile is that force
emergency purposes for the protection of our
southern border, as a model demonstrating force
for the citizen soldiers and basis for expansion in
the event Of attack by another nation group Of
nations It was impossible to reduce any consider
able extent the number allotted the overhead
of the three part army the school system and on
special duty with the National Guard. Organized Re
serves and r. o. T. c." This force which, under the
National Defense Act was consist OF 1o7 600 men,
must operate with $4,000 substitute being found for
the divisional organization in the reinforced brigade
and the training centers abandoned.
II public opinion with to the whiting down
Of the army was reflected in the Appropriation Act
which sashed It 55 per cent the public will at least be
glad to know that the War Department has made the
oaves and fishes perform miracles in the of disri
button Certainly the further reduc-
ion in our military forces unless wish to blow
taps" over the remains Of the establishments
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
AN APPRECIATION

C,RoM Lieutenant Commander L. NJ. Stevens recruit
ing onacer for the United States Navy. received
today the following letter:
sir-Through the assistance Of The Evening Journal
your navy has been privileged select class Of
young men from Wilmington. BY publishing current
lacts OF interest concerning navy, The Evening
journal mas reached and interested class OF young
men VINO would otherwise have known very little Of
the moral and material advantages Of term in the
United States Navy
The patriotic, timely and practical assistance OF The
Evening Journal is greatly appreciated and on bebaf
OF the Navy Recruiting Service this district take
this opportunity OF extending heartest thants and
appreciation for its courtesy.
II is sufficient compensation to US for what we have
done TO know that our efforts have been productive OF
good in the work Of recruiting worthwhile young men
for service In navy. which entitled to the hes,
our young manhood supply.
Evening journal., 1922-09-01

! ments which are contemptuous q
the public and which propose q
have their way no matter hov
many freeze or how many are job~
less, would likely at last realize thai
the public is aroused and deter
mined to protect itself.
Nor would control Of the linitea
sort discussed help the shopmen Cd
win their losing strike. Only Grip
pied lines which are unable to re-.
pair their equipment would be eff
fected. Only roads the operation OF
which would be essential TO the wel-
fare OF the country could be thus|
run. There would be no reason foF'
molesting railroads furnishing norS
NAL service.
The public is interested in the full
operation of all lines. and what It
couldn't get in one way It would get
in another. So it IS irrelevant to
fight the railroad strike over again
when considering emergency meas
ures
The national government Is the
only agency we have which repre-
sents the great majority OF our
people. If we don't function through
It we cannot function at all. Not
all OF its acts are wise. but in
crisis there must be initiative some-
where, and a President is the only
agent we have who is equipped to
lead
Congress may well grant discre-
tionary power. and at once. It's
weapon that should be put in the
publics arsenal, to be used If nee
essary.
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
To Suppress and
Punish LaaUIeSsness
CFrom the Washington Post)

Government by law must and
will be sustained. President Hard
ing declared in his recent address
before Congress. and the admins
tration repeats this declaration by
it's action in moving to suppress
and punish lawlessness that has de-
veloped in connection with the rail-
road strike and is reported to be
increasing.
The administration has evidence
warranting belief that many of the
lawless acts that damningly blot
the record OF the railroad strike
come within the purview Of laws
forbidding conspiracy to hinder in
terstate commerce and otherwise
specifying restrictions designed TO
protect transportation from inter-
ruption and to render II safe. and
that some Of them are in violation
of injunctive DEGREES Issued by Fed
eral courts Through the Depart
ment OF Justice, the Administration
now moves to enforce these laws
and 10 maintain judicial authority.
Evidently the lawless elements
against which the Presidents dec
laration of intent to spare no effort |
in maintaining order was directed |
have fallen either into the error Of |
thinking that he did not mean what |
he said or into the equally danger
Gus error Of thinking that the Fed |
eral government is powerless TO |
cope with them. But such error I
is destined to be short-lived. For |
,F ~ faN \
Justice in setting up a special |
agency to deal with offenses against |
laws and court DEGREES and in d. |
recting law enforcement officials
to proceed in investi-
CATION Of offenses and prosecution
OF those found chargeable with
guilt promises soon to set them
right. Thus does the government
accept the challenge to its suprem-
acy hurled in its face by elements
that have apparently succumbed 10
the deluslon that they are above the
law apd can fiout constituted au-
thority with impunity.
Trains abandoned in desert places,
traffic DISTRACTED. briedes dyna-
mited. thousands of coal cars tam
pered with-such is a partial list
OF offenses that have stirred the
Administration TO action. The re-
sponsibility for desertion of trains
is not 70 be avoided by merely al
leging deterioration of engines that
makes operation dangerous and
wrongful conduct of guards and
troops that tustifies refusal to work
in areas so prOtectad For this al
legation. as made by train desert
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
The Right to Work

men can conduct their strikes in
law-abiding way. then strikes must
cease. It expects from the unions
some constructive suggestions and
not merely an obsession with their
own selfish interests. We venture
to predict that some really helpful
suggestions coming from union lead
ers have the public's enthusiastic
support.
For ourselves. we are happy that
the President has brought the whole
question TO a sharp issue by pro-
claiming principle to which every
self-respecting American must sub
scribe. To enforce 1t satisfactorily
will require the exercise of consum-
mate craftsmanship. II President
Harding does no more than get the
principle so oriented in peoples
minds that it can be made a slogan
in the fight to straighten out labor
troubles, he will have done much.
We cannot but feel that the more
thoughtful of labor-union men will
see how valuable in the long run the
principle would be to them. Many
OF them have been forced into
strikes for which they had no relish;
they have not even had the privilege
OF voting secretly on a strike, being
required to say yes or no in a meet
ing frenzied by their enterprising
leaders. There is plenty of evidence
TO show that union men are not
satisfied with the manner in which
they are being led and that a rea-
sonable campaign of education
might disclose to them the fact that
to reject the principle of mans
right to work would be to turn their
backs on their own best interests.
The President will not expect to
win their confidence by depriving
them of their strongest weapon I'M
less at the time he is prepared to
advocate the setting up of machinery
which will hold the balance even
between labor and capital. In the
Railroad Labor Board there seems
to be the possibility Of such an in
strument. We still believe that If
1t Is provided with proper author
ity-and this Is the Presidents in
tention-it will more and more win
a reputation for fairness and can
demonstrate that the new ways are
much better than the old.
The matter viii not be so difficult
as it now appears If the principle of
freedom to work can be got home to
the public as a part of our Ameri-
can tradition, which from now on at
least, must not be forfeited.
Evening journal., 1922-09-01

ers, is not borne out by the evil
dence. Investigation has brought
out the fact that condition of en-
gines and conduct of troops and
guards have not warranted. and do
not warrant. such action. In view
Of this, defense offered by train
bandoning workers in their behalf
takes on a semblance of pretext that
aggravates the wrong done. The
government has evidence in hand
indicating that the element of con-
/ spiracy is present in many Of the
traific-blocking offenses charged
against strikers and their sympa-
| thizers, including train abandon
ment. This warrants the govern
ment In restoring to drastic meas
ures to maintain the supremacy Of
the law and TO enforce legislation
designed TO protect transportation
from wrongful hindranoe.
Those who have fiouted Federal
laws and courts in their lawless eff
fort to enforce submission to their
will have to that extent flouted the
American people whose authority is
embodied in the law. And il is as
the representative of the people ,
thus fiouted that the government
now proceeds to suppression and
punishment Of authority-defying
acts BY their acts. those respon-
slble for traffic blocking lawless-
ness have invited the action to which
the government is now resorting
Nor have they any grounds OF ap-
peal to the court of public opinion.
For by ruthlessly disregarding the
public's right TO consideration they
have forfeited claims to its sym
pathy.
This action Of the government is
not only in the interest of the ma
ton that it represents but in the
interest of labor. Only blind zeal
can fail to see that such iawlessness |
as that which has developed in con-
nection with the strike necessarily
Injuries labor's cause-for no cause
can stand in America that does not |
recognition of the govern
ment's supremacy among the basic |
tenets of Its creed. If those who |
champion labor have clarity OF |
vision they must see that such |
championship must carry with It |
OF law and order, II |
II is to prove ultimately effective. |
The acts Of lawlessness that have
reused the government to action re- !
feet on organized labor to a dis
crediting degree. And this urges |
cooperation with the government |
IN bringing the offenders to book
lest reflected discredit become fix |
"a.
Evening journal., 1922-09-01
WHARTON AND HIS JOB.
From the Independent.
We understand:

From the Independent.
We understand:
That Albert o. Wharton, a labor
\ member of the Railroad Labor
Board, was reelected President of
the Railway Employees Department
Of the American Federation OF Labor
at the convention Of that organiza-
ton held in Chicago in April. 1929.
That Bert NJ. Jewell was at the
same time reelected vice-president
of the organization.
That the convention, after discus
sion, reached the understanding that
Vice-President Jewell was to sign as
president" and not as "acting
president"
That Brother Wharton. with other
officers newly elected. gathered on
the platform and in the presence of
the convention repeated the follow
ing obligation:
Il OF my own free viii and
in the presence of the officers and
delegates of this convention here
assembled, pledge upon my honor as
man, to perform to the best of my
ability, all the duties OF the Office to
which I have been elected. 1 will
obey the constitution and laws OF
this organization and orders emanat-
ing from its proper officers. when in
conformity Herewith. ."
That this understanding OF the
status OF Brother Wharton has for
some time been familiar TO the pub
lie members OF the Labor Board.
That one OF these public members
has said that The shipments strike
was engineered from inside the
Labor Board"
That this understanding Of the
status Of Brother Wharton has been
made available TO President Hard
ing.
That Section SOC Ca) of the Trans
portation Act reads in part as fol-
lows:
ANY member Of the Labor Board
who during his term of Office -.
holds any Office in any organization |
Of employees shall at once be- |
come ineligible for further member
ship upon the Labor Board"