The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-02-05
Daylight Saving Plan
Older Than MethuSelah,
Claim of Scientists

BERKELEY, Cal.---sciencc again
proves there Ia nothing now under
the sun.
Advocates OF daylight advanced
fheir plan AZ an innovation. but
unfvorsity OF California astronomers
have discovered that Il has been
practiced by clocks ever since their
invention by Pope Sylvester ~. Ia
Director w. w. CampSeil of Lick
conservatory, made tho announce
meut In his fannual report 20 the
president OF the University OF Call
fornia that II. H. Tucker an astron-
omer IN the obaervatc-y has made
Tho startling discovery that clocks
run faster at night aud slower in tho
daytime than tbs "a hour rates
would indicate.
Record Meridian Translts.
AT the tifno ~ preparing last
years report Dr. u. II. Tucker, as-
tronomer IN the Lick observatory,
had shown that meridian transit obs
servations OF stars made ct and near
sunrise and similar observations
made at and near sunset led TO
values OF tho clock correction which
wsre inconsistent with the well-de-
ferminod average daily ratio OF tho
clock" said DR.. Campbelra report,
MERIDIAN trnnsite woro recorded
eos seconds OF time too early In tho
sunset period as compared with
transits in-~the sunrise period. FUR
ther extensive study OF the subject
has led DR.. Tucker 10 conclude that
the explanation lies In the interest
ing and unexpected fact that the
clocks tthroo OF exceilont quality
Ftin al ~ Ia
daytime than at night.
ITO tcat this important hypothesis
an extensive Obsar"ing program was
entered upon. IL embraces n large
Hist of stars whose positions are al
ready known with high precision.
Each nights observations qxtend
from about y. m. to n. m., In
order TO determine os we'll as pos
niblo the hourly clock rates during
tho night. The observing program
II not yet complete, hut tch results
thus far reached confirm the earlier
hypothetical conclusion that the
clocks run faster at night than the
fwenty-four-h hour ratos observed
here from the year 1905 up to the
present time would lead ono 60 CON
olude. This means, concurrontly,
that the clocks run more slowly IN
the daytime than the 24-hour rates
would Indicate. This conclusion II
OF significance TO all who are con-
oerned with tho accurate determi-
nation of star positions by funda-
mcntai meridian methods.
"pr. fuckers observations OF star
positions and clock corrections made
prior TO 1905, recorded In thren vol
umes OF publications OF the Lick OBJ
servatory, Will he utilized In further
extension OF this investigation.
Temperature Not Cause.
Tho ultimate cause of the Ohio.
nomenop Ia obscure, Tho three
clocks are apparently not ribjoct
20 n diurnal range OF temperature
large enough to account for more
than per cent OF the observed
anomalies. The very extensive me-
rfdian observations made hcre In
the past 2s years. on tho differon-
tial system, are essentially free from,
delctcrious effects from this unfore-
gecn source as thoy depend upon
clock corrections obtained at or near
the mfd-poriod OF each nights pro.
gram. The maximum error intro
duocd In the observed right ascen-
stone OF the rtars on this account
would never exceed 0.Oi second.
in tho observations by funda-
mental methods. whore dependence
- placed upon the constancy of the
clock rate through tho "a hours of
the day. more or leAa, these errors
would roach their maximum values
or between 0,02 and Goa seconds at
about six hours from tho mean
epoch or the observations utilized
for determining the clock correc.
tions---that IL usually, near sunrise
or sunset. This appears 20 be the
explanation OF the sunrise sunset
discrepancies mentioned at the be-
ginning OF thia account.
This ciock-rato variation within
the "a hours has been overlooked
by many generations of observers,
apparently because OF its small
slze and OF tho errors existing In
the cataloEued right asoenslons OF
the brighter stars. Systematic err
rors from this source can be elimi-
mated by extending the fundamental
observations through full year,
and by adjusting the closing error
-