davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

teachers and others, who must travel long
distances. They carry the United States
mail to regions where a bundle of letters
every six months is cause for a celebra
ton. They take food and supplies to
isolated settlements, constantly succoring
the sick and the famine stricken. They
provide medicines and surgical treatment
for the natives and administer the laws
that have been made by our Uncle Sam
Tor the north domain.
For many years the Coast Guard has
ministered)to the needs of the natives, dis
pensing justice with an even hand adj
Indicating differences and difficulties pro
tecting helpless peoples from untoward
circumstances which otherwise would de
stroy them. standing between them and
disease, which constantly threatens their
decimation. The greatest event in the
lives of these Eskimo wards of the Gov
ernment is the annual visit of the Coast
Guard cutters Here are a few extracts
from the log of the Unalga's cruise last
season.
On May I she arrived at Unalaslka
The medical officer inspected the town and
found health and sanitary conditions
good. The American schooner
wawona was fallen in with. mail was de
livered to her and the crew afforded medi-
cal treatment. 4. On August II the
commanding officer of the Unalga, serving
in the capacity of United States Commits
sioner, acted as arbitrator i'm a labor dis
pute at the Wood River cannery of the
Alaska Salmon Company Through his
Efforts reconciliation was effected.
Upon the occasion of the visit OF the cut
ter to the town of Chignik the commanding
officer was called upon pto perform a mar
riage ceremony. The contracting par
ties were married board the cutter.
There's variety for you! The Bear.
ship of which every American citizen may
be proud, ship with long record of sue
cessful warfare against seal slaughterers
and evildoers generally and with record
for humane service even longer, is nearly
forty-eight years old. Originally she was
an Arctic whaler and Uncle Sam bought
her in 1889 to use in the Greely expedi-
ton. She has been in the cutter service
for thirty.six years. She is built very
solidly of wood (only wooden ships can
be used in lighting Arctic ice) and is
little less than 200 feet long. with ton.
age of LOO. She can make ten knots
when pressed, and she backs her orders
with rapid firing rifles. Here is brief
abridgement of her log for recent season.
The Bear arrived at Unalaska, May
10. Proceeded to St Michael and
landed mail. on June steamed
along the north shore Of Norton Sound to
develop ice conditions. AS soon radio
communication were established with
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

Special Correspondence TO THE NEW YORK
HERALD.
Copyri0ht 1922 by TUE New York HERALD
New York Herald Bureau,
Washington, ID. O., JAM Ia.
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

sent up rockets and burned Coston signals
10 let Povelik know they were coming.
When the party going to the eastward
reached point one mile from the town
they procured skin boat, lashed IL to the
dogsed and drove the dogs over the ice
to the open lead The boat was unloaded
and put overheard. Meanwhile signals
were continued to keep Povelik's spirits
up. After awhile they reached Povelik to
find that he was half frozen. dazed and on
the point OF complete exhaustion. He had
drifted with the ice for six hours with a
temperature Of II degrees below zero.
Efforts of the rescuers were made difficult
owing TO the floating young ice which was
likely to puncture the boat at any time.
Finally Povelik was gotten into the boat o
and landed the shore end Of the ice
where the dog team was waiting 10 rush
him and the rescuing party to the Coast
Guard station. Upon arrival there Pove-
lik was given restoratives and put to bed.
After good nights rest he had recov-
cred sufficiently to leave the station.
Boatswain Ross would not permit him to d.
&c alone, but tucked him into dogsled
and whisked him back to his home four
teen miles away. in the fashion of the
frozen north.
Just one man in this case, but he got
the best the whole Coast Guard force of
the region could rally to his extremity. II
would have been the same II he had been
an Eskimo. And they might have risked
1t for a dog. It's good yarn, but it is
merely variation of the valorous service
that sends surfmen breasting into pound.
ing seas to get swiftly to beached ship
in mortal danger. It's the derring-do spirit
that works equally well in the tropics or
the arctic. You can take your hat off to
il anywhere and be on the lesser side of
acknowledgment. The Coast Guard is no
place for the man who is not ready to
throw himself into battle with the ele-
ments. and because every soul of them is
briskly ready their achievements. as bril-
liant as human effort knows. have become
a tradition. They are the Northwest
Mounted and the Texas Rangers OF the sea
and shore line. eternally giving odds in
gambling with fate for human lives.
IL a paragraph of statistics helps you
any to estimate the work of this corps,
then read that last year they saved 1921
lives assisted 1903 persons on board dis.
tressed vessels. assisted to safety vessels
and cargoes worth $66,260,445. and recov.
cred and delivered to the owners derelicts
worth S1.163,435. IL cost little moro
than s10.0O0.000 to run the service. and
you are apt to agree with me that Uncle
Sam has few better investments for his
money One further point about the sts
tistics: Care is taken not to credit the
service for lives saved or rescued from
peril unless the attending circumstances
and conditions are such that the persons
involved undoubtedly would have lost their
The New York herald., 1922-01-15
With a Visiting Nurse

- DING out or the district with the
visiting nurse of the Henry street
Settlement invites surprises some
times humor often tragedy and always
human interest. Each visit presents new
problems requiring quick understanding
ready skill and accurate judgment.
The climb up four flights of worn. dingy
stairs through dark halls promised dirty
tenement home but the opening Of the door
disclosed spotless kitchen, with clean walls
white curtains at the window The baby
in a crib made from a cracker box and the
rockers from an old chair gave the impres-
sion of contentment. The nurse supplied the
story: These tenement rooms were the homo
OF a young couple from Cleveland who came
70 New York several months ago in search
Of work. The previous tenant had made no
effort TO leave cleanliness behind. and the
new tenants were appalled, with the prospect
Of making home here. The wife was too
III to do any cleaning and the man helpless
Without friends. with no neghbor who knew
Of the plight, the appearance of the visting
nurse brought sense Of relief and action
Under her direction the husband eagerl,
scrubbed the floors and walls: the patient
soon found herself sleeping in the parlor
instead Of the unventlated bedroom: the
doctor called. and bedside nursing begar
with the dread of going to a hospital dis
missed. With the arrival of the baby three
desirable members of the community we're
added
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

steamships Victoria and Senator instruc-
tions were given how to avoid heavy ice
The Bear returned to Nome for
incoming mail Stops were made
at Cape Beaufort to inspect reindeer herd
at Wainwright To land teachers. stores
and mails Steamed TO the south,
ward and at ley Cape Bishop Rowe
Superintendent Shields, the commissioner.
and the surgeon visited the village. At
Cape Beaufort the surgeon treated sick
native woman. Upon arrival at
Nome natives from Cape Prince of Wales
and King Island. ninety-one in number
prevented from reaching their homes By
stormy weather. were taken on board and
to their homes. Received mes
sage from United States Marshal at St
Michael that eighteen persons. including
two invalids were stranded at st. Michael.
After much difficulty passengers and effects
were transferred to the Bear and taken to
Nome./ quantity of fresh meat
was carried from Nome for the commits
sary at st. Michael
The deliberate title Good Samaritans
of the Sea" peculiarly applies to the men
of the Coast Guard in this Alaska service,
for they must meet, and do meet, in the
most trying circumstances about every
problem imaginable. Their shore force is
inspired by the same spirit which drives
the men that cruise aboard the Bear the
Unalaska and the other cutters Of the
north. Here is an instance, curtly entitled
in official reports as THE Experience of
Kobuk Red which is worth its space.
An out OF the ordinary case of rescue
work performed by members of the Coast
Guard station at Nome, Alaska, is told
in a report, dated January 81. 1921, from
Boatswan Thomas Ross, officer in charge
of the station. 1t appears that the pro-
prietor of the Cape Nome roadhouse Leo
Povelik locally known as Kobuk Red was
called to Abramson Cabin. about one and
half miles west of Cape Nome. which Is
two miles east of the Coast Guard sta
ton. To get to this point it was necessary
for Povelilk to travel across n considerable
area of ice. He reached his destination
but on the return trip, when only short
distance out the Ice between him and the
shore suddenly opened, setting him adrift
on the far side, of the icepack. Povelik's
plight was seen by James Kenny. resi-
dent of the cape. tr
There no boat at h...id with which
to go to the rnarooned man. Kenny
signaled him to walk along the edge OF
the icepack I'm the direction of the town
while, he went ahead 20 notify the Coast
Guard. The two men started on a paral-
lei course. but due to the fact that the ice
was moving rapidly to the eastward they
were not long in losing sight OF each other
Kenny reached Fort Davis at about In
the evening and Immediately telephoned
the Coast Guard station. Boatswain Ross
mustered his crew and al once. started out
Part of the crew travelled on a dogsled TO
the eastward and the rest of them took
westward course. Both rescue parties
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

In considering this table it is interesting
to note that the proportion of children
whose parents were born in the United
States was lowest for New York city, being
only 22.7 per cent, while for Iowa the per-
centage s2.2 and for California GA.
Iowa and California were very much the
same when it came to the racial stocks-so
far as could be ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS in
the children of native parentage. Iowa had
q slightly larger proportion of German and
scandinavian blood and California of the
southern European races. In both States,
however, the main racial stock was British
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

not due to the racial stocks represented in
her population. 1t must be due. therefore. to
some other factor-selecton of the tallest
and heaviest in the process of migration, or
favorable environmental conditions such as
climate"
Children born and reared in the country
are shown to weigh more and grow taller
within a specified time than their sisters and
brothers in towns and cities In order to
determine this the figures applying to chill
dren of native parentage in Iowa were COM
pared with those in the east north-central
The New York herald., 1922-01-15
Government Has Examined 100000 to Find
Standard and Statistics Concerning $4,000
Have Been Analysed California Young
sters Taller and Heavier Than Iowa's or
New York's-Vastly Interesting Details
Cleaned From Maze of Tables

When the youngsters are 6 years old the
boy, as an average. weighs 41.40 pounds and
is 43S7 inches in height, while the girl
weighs 1896 pounds and is 1882 inches in
height.
Some striking figures were developed from
the reports gathered in the different States.
The residents of California, in consequence
will have something more to brag about than
their beautiful climate. The babies OF Cali
fornia, as an average, seem to weigh more
and grow taller than those of any other
State. The children in New York city, on
the other hand, due to the many nationals
ties of short statured people, fall below the
average when it comes to height.
The figures which are the basis for the
averages were collected by the Children's
Bureau during 191S-19. and are made up
from the records of weight and stature for
$4,000 children throughout the country. In
it's campaign for information the Govern
n,ent collected data concerning 100000 chill
dren, but this covered all subjects. It was
found that of this number 172,000 of the
records were comparable. They included
children who were regarded as normal and
not suffering with any ailments.
The New York herald., 1922-01-15
Figures From New York City
Not Used in Weight Table

The figures for New York city could not
be used, due to the fact that the children
were weighed with their underclothng. This
did not, of course. affect the measurements
as to stature which, as stated before, show
c. deficiency. 1t is the belief. of DR.. Robert
Morse Woodbury., who prepared the general
report for the Government, that the defi-
cheney is accounted for by the large proper
ton of children of short statured races. such
as the Italian and the Jewish.
In determining the difference in the
statures of children in the different sections
CT the country analysis has been made of
three groups, those from California those
from Iowa and those from New York city
The children of Iowa formed one group with
a high percentage of children of native
parentage. The children of California
showed a smaller proportion with native
parentage than those of Iowa but living
under exceptionally favorable climatic con-
dtions. In all of the three areas the size OF
the sample was fairly large.
The table in which the three groups are
compared shows that the children in Iowa
are around the average in weight and stature
with the other children of the country but
with a slight excess, a fifth of an inch. The
babies of less than a year are nearly three
although those from l to years of age
are from one to three ounces lighter than
for, the country at large.
AS for California the children of that
state average two-nfths of an inch taller
than the other children and are as a rule
three-fourths of a pound heavier. The de-
The New York herald., 1922-01-15
How Racial Stocks Figured
In New York: PoIygIot Lot

In New York city, however, Italy had
20.7 per cent. followed by Russia, with III
per cent. Austria Hungary was represented
by 1872 per cent. Great Britain, Ireland and
British possessions came next with 95 per
cent.--the Irish alone being rs per cent.
Germany had 10 per cent, while Poland had
1t per cent.
at is clear" DIR. Woodbury. observes, that
the excess stature and weight in California
as compared with Iowa and other States is
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

Special Correspondence to THE NEW YORK
HERALD.
Copyrfoht, 1922, by TUE NEW YORK HERALD
New York Herald Bureau,
Washington. ID. O., Jan. a.
\XTHAr the baby ought to weigh as san an
NN/ average, at any given age from
one month forward is question
far more absorbing for the fond father and
mother than is the announcement of COM
plete agreement between the nations of the
world to end frenzied naval construction, the
negotiation of treaty to insure harmony in
the Pacific or the adjustment of any one of
the hundred or so things that are bothering
China.
Precisely the same is true of what the
haby's stature ought to be, as an average, at
any given age-all worked out on table
similar to those displayed the front of
the penny -in-the-slot scales for adults which
abound in drug stores and railroad stations.
What the parents want to know is whether
the ten-hillion dollar wonder measures the
proper length from 'the soles of the feet to
the top of the head. This set down and
applied, oil other matters may go hang.
This the United States Government. man
aged of course by fathers and mothers, real
ICES completely. And So in consequence, a
certain part of the Federal machinery has
for some time past been grinding away to
fill the gap of baby information. Those who
have been adjusting American affairs for
the future by international conferences and
other means, think it essential that the COM
ing generation be sturdy enough to carry on
the business of the United States so that it
may be maintained as the dominant nation
Of the world
Some Wonderful Facts Found
In Nationwide Baby Survey
The result is that the Government,
through the Federal Chdren's Bureau, has
been making remarkable survey of babies
throughout the country in an effort to get
line on what they should weigh and how
tall they should be-a sort of standard, so to
speak, which will serve a guide to parents
in the rearing of the next generation. Some
striking facts have been developed.
Baby. if a boy. weighs on an average of
one pound more than the girl baby across
the street, and he is from one-third to one
half inch taller. At the age of one month
the average weight of a boy baby is 9.11
pounds, while the average weight of a girl
baby is S.65 pounds The boy measures 21.16
inches from the soles of his feet to the top
of his head, while the girl baby is 20.ss
inches In stature.
The New York herald., 1922-01-15
WHAT DOES YOUR BABY WEIGH? HOW TALL

section of the country. Communities with
Populations of less than 10000 were ciassed
as rural, while the urban communities were
in two groups. those Of 10000 to $4,000 pop
ulation and those Of 5000 or more.
Both in stature and weight the averages
for children in rural areas are shown TO be
above those for children In urban sections
The difference is for both boys and girls
In stature alone there is little difference be-
tween the smaller and larger urban COM
munities. Here is a table which shows the
difference between rural and urban children
for the two sections of the country:
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

in Govern static examined nc
than been dw OF
The New York herald., 1922-01-15

In taking up the characteristics In the
weight and stature of children, according to-
their racial stock, some interesting figures
developed. In comparing the figures for
children of mothers born in Italy with those
for all children it is shown that the italian
children are shorter and lighter than the
average. The deficiency, an average,
amounts 10 little more than an inch for
both boys and girls In weight the italian
boys fifteen ounces lighter than the
average and the girls fourteen ounces
The children of mothers born in Denmark.
Sweden and Norway are taller and heavier
than the average. This excess is four-tenths
of an inch for boys and three-tenths of an
inch for girls. while that in weight is eleven
ounces for boys and nine ounces for girls.
The children of mothers born in Germany
are slightly taller and heavier than the
average, but the difference is not so marked
as 1t is with children of Scandinavian
parentage. The average excess In stature is
only an eighth of an inch for boys and
sixth of an inch for girls. The average ex
cess in weight is about five ounces for boys
and four ounces for girls.
Some conclusions have been drawn from
the number of negro children tabulated
although the number when compared with
white children is not large In the cases
which go tc make up the percentages,
total of 10000. only 4,976 negro children
were tabulated. OF these 224 were weighed
and measured in the New England and
middle Atlantic States 1857 in the Southern
States 564 in the East North Central group
of States. PIT in Iowa, LOG in the Western
group and i26 in California In addition TO
these, all of whom We're weighed without
clothing, 1,172 were weighed and measured
in New York city in underclothng
The New York figures were included in
this general survey to make IL as complete
as possible The result is however, that the
difference Is understated rather than over
stated
The New York herald., 1922-01-15
Negro Children Are Deficient
In Stature and Weight

The average deficiency in the stature OF
the negro children is shown to be about two
flfths of an inch, or 1.3 per cent, for boys
and one-fifth Of an inch or 0.S per cent, for
girls. In weight the average deficiency Is
nearly eleven ounces for boys and nine
ounces for girls, per cent. and 2.5 per cent.
respectively.
The deficiency in both stature and weight
is much greater at less than one year and
at one year of age than at other ages After
four years this deficiency is either converted
into an excess or is very small.
ITO explain this change is difficult" DR.
Woodbury. says. The great deficiency at
the younger ages may be connected in some
way with poor nutrition and with bad social
and economic conditiopsy-which result in the
well known high mortality among negro in
fants. And this high mortality may itself
result in surviving group with less varia-
lion from the normal. 1t may, on the other
hand, be connected with some racial differ
ence in the rate of growth, with relative
retardation in the early years, followed by
an acceleration."
The study Of the stature and weight OF
children is progressing, but it has not gone
sufficiently far to serve as key to the size
Of the adult, except in the most general way
In other words, it is as vet impossible to tell
by measuring child who is less than six
years OF age whether the grown person will
be tall or short or thin or fat. Conditions
1t is realized, may enter in later years TO
change the outlook
In this connection, however. the figures
which show excess weight and stature when
compared with average are for children
whose racial stock naturally develops men
and women Of more than average size As
adults. While II cannot be set down as
rule. IL is not unfair to assume that the
child who is above the normal will grow to
De large as a man or woman.
The New York herald., 1922-01-15
Brave y. s. Coast Guards Unheralded and UnSung

Continued from Ftth Page.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-04-27

them. 1t is a Cadillac tradition,
borne out by experience through the
years. that, given their big oppor-
tunity, such men make good.
No enc man builds the Cadillas;
one mar may originate some new
type, some feature of value, and
then pass on. The car which res
suits is not his cart Is a Cadil-
lac, the result of one mind. but of
the Cadillac tradition of leadership.
The tools he drops are taken up by
others; the work goes on: the result
is even better. Many men have
been concerned Gn plznning and
building the Cadillac since 1t as
sumed it's position of leadership
among the quality motor cars of the
woodland today's Cadillac is ad-
mittedly the best car eye turned
out by the great Cadillac works and
more than ever entities Cadillac to
its title of the Standard of the
World
no one man builds the Cadillac:
it is largely OF this hat at
a time when automobile factories
generally are running with reduced
forces and on short time. the Cad
lilac plant at Detroit is employing
more than 1000 men on full-time
schedule-and is increasing this
force to get out enough Cadillac
to I'LL the demand.
To-day. more than ever before
men demand full value in what they
buy. 1t is significant, therefore
this present and ever-increasing de-
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-04-27

mand for a car which through a
generation always has justified the
faith OF its in it for its de-
p~endability. comfort. beauty and
service.
The brightest page in the history
OF the automobile was recorded in
the World War when more than o.
600 Cadillac car served with the
American Expeditionary forces in
France. and established an npar-
allied record for dependibility in a
test more terrific than any motor
a could have been expected to
Withstand.
Since It's Introduction last No
vember. more than $4,000 Type 81
Cadillac automobiles have been
built and delivered to owners. Cad
lilac business Is better than it has
ever beer in the history of the COM
pany. The Chicago Branch de-
livered recently in one day, 20 Cad
lilac automobiles to customers. /
myself have sold and delivered since
the first OF the year. II Cadillacs.
Who said business was in a slump