davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
BOMBAY'S HOUSING
PROBLEM Is SAID
TOBEDEPLORABLE
Conditions Worse Than
London So There Is No
Comparison.

According to the 1921 census of
India. Bombay's housing conditions
are deplorable. There is one build
ing for every 22.3 persons of its
l,175.900 population. whereas, in
Aderdabad there is one for every
6.2 persons. and in karachi one for
every 15.5 persons. Over-crowded
conditions, 1t is said. are so much
worse in Bombay than in London
that there is no comparison.
To alleviate this distress the i'm
provement and development directo-
rate of Bombay. according to re-
ports received by the Far Eastern
division OF the Department Of Com
merce, has arranged for the con-
struction in the city and on the is
land near by of $4,000 houses. At
the rate of 8 persons to a house. in
cluding children. these houses will
provide for 25O.000 persons or one
fifth of the city's entire present
population. The program provides
a time limit of years with the ereC-
tion of $500 houses by the close of
1922-2S. after which the number will
be increased until provision is made
for 5000 each year for 1925 to 1928.
Mill owners of Bombay are also re-
ported as having recently built 1000
tenements for their employees with
1000 contemplated for the near fu-
ture. These schemes are being rap
idly aided by improvement in water
way and railway connection. thus
cheapening material for building.
Another scheme will accommodate
$4,000 people on land to be sold for
approximately 25 rupees per yard
a rupees equal $1,000. thereby
reaching the large middle class
population willing to pay a little
more for a residence within direct
reach of their place of business.
The Salsette Bombay Railway is
also cleaning up the village of Khar.
a suburb of Bombay. offering a
magnificent. adjunct in the way of
cooperative housekeeping.
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
Makes Substitute
For Anthracite

The man accustomed to anthra-
cite will have less trouble with
coke than with soft coal" SAYS
The Scientific American" Coke
Is highly porous; it gets better
aeration than any kind of coal and
burns up fast.
The dampers must be closed al
together save when kindling the
fire. Air leaks about dampers,
pipes and doors must be carefully
sealed: the ones you cannot find
VIII give the fire all the draft it
needs. The fire is started by feed
ing d thin layer of coke on the
wood kindlings after these are
well lighted.
When this layer is burning well
NIL up the firebox and cut down the
draft by closing everything you
can-not by opening the firing door,
as you do with anthracite fires. In
cleaning the CRATE leave layer of
ash an inch or SO thick on the crate
to cut down the draft. Don't let the
hre blaze up with the idea that you
can get it under control again. You
can't. 1t will burn out while you are
trying
THE light and porus coke is so
Dulky that many small furnaces
designed for anthracite will not
mold enough coke TO Keep the fire
going all night. The remedy for
this is to buy such hard or soft
COAL In pea or even buckwheat
sizes, is may be available. Use this
Tor banking. burning the coke
through the day when a real fire is
wanted. The same expedient will
be of much utility in stretching a
supply of real coal, and buckwheat
coal ought to be procurable at al
most any time and place"
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
URGES WASTE ELIMINATION
NUS. BUILDING INDUSTRY
construction Expert Blames Management for
50 Per Cent Erection Ineficiency.

IF you have read the published
report on waste In industry you.
will have seen that In assigning the
relative responsibility for waste SO
per cent OF this responsibility has
agement and less than rs per cent
at the door OF labor" says Summer
Seilitt In the Constructors.
In assessing this responsibility
there has been no purpose or desire
To place blame upon any Individual.
group or class. Waste. like indusI
try itself. Is the result of slow
growth; but undoubtedly the
greatest opportunity today Nfor cor
recting 1t is in the hands of man
agement
by Ais meant all of
those engaged I'm industry. from
foremen upto the financial heads
Of the concern. The Importance of
management has been SHOWN by
that terrible experiment conducted
In Russia. In which an attempt was
made to carry on industry by the
workman himself. 1t has failed
miserably and now its protagonists
NAo oshiH5 thaS eeeHHicai men come
into Russia to re-establish its in
dustrles," he declares.
'In America the Importance of
cooperation in industry Is recog-
nized by the worker as well as by
the managerial class. Organized
labor itself frankly says that man.
agement Is something on which 1t
is not expert. and which i.rimarily
it is up to the engineers to look
out for" Sollitt holds
"of the relative waste which is
assessed by the committee against
labor. good deal of it Is in ce--
tain Industries in which the proper
relations between management and
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
HOME ELABOR-SAy1NC DEVICES
AIDNEMANCIPATING WOMEN
Give Her Time for Recreation, Study and At
tention to Civic Affairs.

more Importance than many home
builders give to 1t.
The old notion that kitchen had
to be luxuriousiy large 10 passing.
A small. compact kitchen. well ven
tilated, with abundant light where
steps are routed" and tools grouped
makes kitchen work not only less
fatiguing, but promotes health and
happiness.
breakfast Neeks save Labor.
The breakfast or dining alcove.
which in so many home plans Is
either a part of the kitchen or opens
directly from II. is a modern device
which assists greatly in lessening
labor as well as steps.
Time saving is the modern idea In
kitchen planning. Saving time
means saving labor. Probably no
one feature of the old-fashioned
kitchen caused the housekeeper to
take so many steps as the separate,
detached pantry.
For example. in baking a cake.
hundreds of needless steps were
taken to get the mixing bowl. -four,
sugar. butter, eggs and baking pans
from the pantry. After the cake
was baked, 1t meant crossing and
recrossing the kitchen many times
to put the tools and food away.
One experiment proved that a
housekeeper, in a poorly arranged
kitchen. walked 105 needless miles
each year while preparing three
meals a day. 1t is almost impossible
to plan a so-called "model kitchen"
adaptable to every home. Every
housekeeper must work out a plan
according to the size and needs of
her family. Yet there are certain
well-established things that can be
suggested that will. help tighten
kitchen work. save steps. labor and
time.
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18

az present subdividsd into s.sss
squares. or blocks The national
government owns about one-haif IN
value Of all the real estate In this
area. The tax rate for all purposes
has never been greater than $3.50
minimum TO si.ss maximum per
hundred,
The deed of trust form OF lien
used In the District OF Columbia
vests the mortgages. trustees. with
power 20 provide for taxes and IRE
insurance. forcclose and convey
without court proceedings or right
OF mortgagor TO redeem. and the
interest rates are legal up TO per
cent per annum-
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18

Makers of a well-known labor
saving device wanted to find out
why women desire and buy such
things as electric washing machines,
vacuum cleaners, electric dishwash-
ers and other appliances. A gener-
Gus prize was offered for the best
answer. Two thousand women re-
piled.
The largest percentage of answers
indicated that women wanted labor
saving devices not alone for the Ia
Dor they saved, but because of the
time saving which those appliances
permitted-time which could be
-profitably used for other things
social enjoyment. recreation. study
clubs. politics, etc.
Kitchen IL Heart Of Home.
Authorities have estimated that
76 per cent of the average house.
keepers day is spent In and about
the kitchen. That's a lot OF time.
Considering. IL you do your own
nousework, that one-third of your
life is spent In sleep and 20 per cent
of the remaining two-thirds is given
to cooking, fussing and cleaning up
around the kitchen. it's easy to see
why kitchens and bedrooms are i'm
portant in home planning.
Nothing speeds up housework
more. gives you greater freedom.
saves labor, steps and lessons Ia
tigue, than a well planned, ade-
quately lighted and ventilated small
kitchen.
Every housekeeper loves a bright.
sunny. cheerful kitchen. She de-
serves this kind of kitchen. But she
also needs one that minimizes every
motion. every step. Therefore. in
home planning, the study of kitchen
arrangement from a health, happi-
ness and labor-saving point of view
not only is essential. but is of far
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18

must generally be reduced each
year by a given amount. The proc
ess is known as Amortization"
Our home-builder will probably
have to amortize his I'd mortgage
at the rate of about $500 a year.
This sum will have to be added to
interest charges in determining
maintenance costs.
Now, in order to maintain a home
of his own, the me-builder will
have to undertake to meet certain
charges that he would not have to
meet as a rent-payer. They are:
Taxes. insurance. water. fuei and
repairs. BasinE our figures on ac-
tual experience, and endeavoring
not to understate. we estimate these
charges as follows:
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
Factories inD.c.
Register Increase
$4,000 Engaged in 600 Enter
prices Representing Capital
OF s15,o00.000.

Manufacturing interests are rap
idly Increasing in the District OF
Columbia, there being not less than
500 enterprises located here. 1900
persons engaged In their operations.
representing se5.00e.oo invested
capital
All Of these activities must be
limited to an ayea OF only sixty
nine and one-quarter Square miles,
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
Less of Infereaf.n


In addition to the actual disburse-
ments a home-builder has to make.
it is customary to charge off per
cent interest on his principal out
lay. Thus. our home-builder had to
lay out s2.100 in cash to build his
home, and. according to the rule,
8 per cent of that sum. or S126 a
year. should be charged to main
tenance. Why? On the theory that.
If the s2,100 had not been utilized in
building home, it would have been
available for investment, and could
and would have been invested at 8
per cent interest. To those who have
studied both human nature and the
investment world, this rule may
seem to take few things for grant
ed However, if only to be agree
able about il. let us concede this to
be home building obligation.
For the first year. then. our
home-builder would have to make
the following payments:
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18

But it is obvious that costs will
not remain at this level. On ac-
count of the amortization clause in
the second mortgage the principal
sum Of that mortgage is constantly
being reduced and the necessary
second mortgage interest is like
wise always declining. Worked out
for the life of the second mortgage
(Which will be discharged in seven
Eears) 1t develops that the first
years interest on the second mort
gage will be s126. and the first
years amortization charge $500 or
d total of s426; while the seventh
years interest will be SIS, the
charge $500, or a total
of s31S. Averaged for the period
1t is found that the second mort
gage requires $372 "a year, for in
terest and amortization.
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18

The radio craze. now in fun sway
in Mexico and New Zealand. asserts
itse,r With a demand for all kinc-
of radio apparatus.
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
CAREFUL PLANNING
NEEDED DTOPROVIDE
FOR MORTGAGES
Selection of Site and Ma
terials Only First
Step.
WRITER TELLS WAY
Points Out Proper Balancing
of Various Expen-
ditures.

When a man decides to build his
own home and thereby deliver HIM
self from the major and minor ills
that beset rent-paying he finds II
comparatively easy to decide what
type of house he wants, where 1t Is
to be located and what materials
are to be used in it's construction.
But when it comes to arranging
for the financing of the new home
there's the rub, Too little Is
made of this overwhelmingly i'm
portant side of the proposition;
m, st intending home-builders. when
they finally confront it. are totally
unprepared to act wisely and expe-
ditiously. They haven't seen any
textbooks on the subject-although
yoIurninous textbooks might be
written-and only after going
through the actual process OF
financing a home do they begin to
realize the ins and outs of the busi-
ness.
For the purpose of extending
practical aid in this connection to
the intending home-builders who
see this page. it may be worth
while to outline the important
steps in a $4,000 program, i. e.. to
show as concisely as possible, and
with as close regard for geographi-
cal price differences, how $4,000
home might be financed and about
what it would cost to maintain:
The First Step.
The first step is to select your
site. The second is to develop your
architectural plans to conform with
the site and the amount you are
willing to pay for the building
itself, viz. $4,000.
Supposing that the site (the land
itseID costs $4,000. The home
builder then has a proposition in
volving { $4,000 capital sum. in
ALL
His next step is 20 secure mort
sage loan on the property COM
plete. tThat is. this will be the
next step. unless the home-buiIder
can. and wishes to. pay the outright
cost in the beginning. As most do
not wish to proceed this way. pre-
ferrinE to maintain their cash re-
sources, so far as possible. undimin-
ished. let us assume that our home
builder is one of the majority and
prefers the mortgage routeO
on a newly constructed home.
costing $4,000. and plot costing
81 900, it should not be difficult to
seizure 50 per cent on first mort
cage. Assuming the house and lot
were held to be worth their cost to
the builder (S12.OOO), a total of
$500 might then be obtained IN
this way.
There would then remain $4,000
which the home builder would have
part) through mortgage agree
gage route to be preferred. so per
cent of this sum might be obtc ned
via a second mortgage of - leo.
Here it may be said thzt the in
tending home-builder need have no
qualms or shiverings regarding the
ways and means of securing this
mortgage money. In the great ma
jority of cases. the contractor will
attend to all the technical details
In this connection.
Interest Requirements.
The home builder will then have
the following interest charges in
prospect (subject to some variation,
according to locality the first year:
pAr cent on 1st mortgage Of $500. s46S
Per cent on ID mortgage Of Sa-1O0-. l2G
Total s5a4
1t is customary to have the I'd
mortgage of a self-liquidatjpg ma
tuTe. That is. aside from the inter
~ o a o q
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18

1t is customary to have the I'd
mortgage of a self-liquidatjlg ma
tuTe. That is. aside from the inter
est requirements. this mortgage
The Washington herald., 1922-11-18
Interest Requirements.

The hOme-builder will then have
the following interest charges in
prospect (subject to some variation,
according to locality the first year:
per cent on 1st mortgage Of 1900. S46S
rer cent on I'd mortgage Of s.. 100. 12G
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-12-27
ri TcVNESS SITUATION IN UNITED
STATES CONSTANTLY IMPROVING

ties can be assured free-play, there
need be no iterruption to the .continu-
ed progress of the United States to-
wards prosperity.
1t would be folly, however, not to
recognize that such protection and
freedom can by no means be taken for
granted, but demand an intelligent ini-
tiatiye and sustained courage on the
part of the leaders and majority OF
the people if they are to be assured:
The problems in industry, finance ana
international relations which confront
the nation are many and difficult and
will severely test its capacity to man
age its affairs with wisdom. There
is evident a tendency to experiment
theories of finance and administration
which have been often discredited by
past experience and unless this ten
dency can be controlled, our present
fortunate position may be seriously
compromised.
The favorable features in the pres
ent situation in the United States,
however. would seem definitely to out
weigh the unfavorable ones, and there
IS reason to entertain a sane optimism
in regard to the prospect of excellent
business conditions for the first SIX
months of 1928 at least, and II the
possible difficulties to which reference
has been made can be successfully
overcome, the coming year should
place the nation in stronger eeono-
mic and financial position than ever
before. It's situation may be deemed
favorable indeed, when compared with
that of most great countries IN the
world today, where far heavier bur.
6ens exist and far more harassing and
critical problems now confront their
peoples.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-12-27
by Francis II. SissOn)
s striking evidence Of the great

it rs striking evidence OF the great
silence of this nation that, in spite
the seriously adverse influences
which persisted in 1922, the closing
months Of the year disclosed a situa-
ion in general very materially i'm
'roved, as compared with conditions
2 months prior.
Since the beginning of 1922 the gem
eral level of prices has been advanc-
ing and the volume of industrial out
put has been increasing. There has
been marked improvement in the iron
steel industry. which is now employed
at about 50 per cent of capacity. All
of the textile industries are now very
active and the automobile manufac-
turerS have had a very prosperous
year. Unemployment throughout the
country has ceased to be a serious
problem; in fact, there is a marked
hortagl of common labor.
After wear of bountiful crops, i'm
proving prices, the outlook for the fu-
ture may be considered distinctly IA
vOrable. In any event, the definite
basis for continued prosperity now
exists, although it must be admitted
that the road ahead is by no means
free from obscurities and distractions
A well sustained volume of foreign
trade. FOR example, is an important
element in a satisfactory economic sit
uatior. in the United States, and there
is AMPLE cause for apprehension over
the present financial and economic diff
ficuities in Europe, for which a solu-
tion is still to be found. A serious re-
action would certainly result In Amer
ica if the great continental markets
were thrown into further disorganiza-
tor.
The financial outlook is excellent
and gives assurance of ability to sup
port any sound development of bust
ness that may be desired. Through
the Presidents veto of the soldiers
bonus BIZ the nation has for time
being G. ped the enormous financial
burden .ich would have been mpos-
ed by tina. legislation, but the effort to
secure a blanket distribution OF pub
lie funds to the soldiers of the late
war viii undoubtedly be continued
and. if successful, would constitute a
serious check to hope for reduction OF
taxation and amortization OF the ma
tional debt.
A similar menace to the public cred
II lies in the proposals 70 weaken the
Federal Reserve Board by appoint
ments for political or class purposes
in its personnel and to institute spe-
cial and perhaps unSound extension or
credit to selected interests in the COM
munity.
The labor situation also is fraught
with obvious danger to the balanced
and orderly reimbursement of the econo-
mic structure. The restriction OF M
migration has strengthened the STRAIT
egical position of organized labor.
President Harding has recently de
elared that the nation is solvent nm
ancia'v sound economically, unrival-
cd IL .uius, uneXcelled in industry,
resol..ce in determination and unwav-
ering in faith" If the basic econo-
mic and financial factors can be wise
~ protected and these human quail
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-12-27

Mss Hlda Erwin, Geo. Wash. Park .......... 5000
Sherman B. Fowler Alexandria .............. $4,000
John S. Fotz Alexandria Observation-Disclosures. $4,000
Miss Nina Fulton Alexandria ............... 5000
Miss Virginia Fannon, Alexandria ........... 5000
Mrs j. r. Goode, North Braddock .......... 167,200
Master James Garvey Alexandria ........... $4,000
Miss Ann Grover Alexandria ............... 2907O0
Mrs X. S. Gaines, Burke, Va. .............. 29570C
Miss Alice Gronau, Alexandria ............. 5000
Miss Esta Green, Alexandria Observation-Disclosures. 197500
Miss Josephine Gregg Alexandria .......... 5000
Miss Margaret GeIlnond, Alexandria ......... 5000
Chester A. Gwn, Geo. Wash. Park .......... 5000
Asa Bradshaw, Herndon Va. .............. 148, 100
Mrs. frank ". Hamilton, Alexandria ........ 5000
Mrs. Harvey Henshaw, Alexandria .......... 5000
Mrs. i. W. EIauspurg Cottage Park 29S,500
Mrs. T. c. Howard, Alexandria .............. 5000
Miss Esta Heisey, Del Ray OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. 5000
Miss Margaret Howard, Alexandria .......... 5000
Elliott Z. Hoffman, Rosemont ............... 5000
Miss Ida JOKES, Fairfax, Va. ............ 1850
Ms. r. Marshall JONES' Alexandria ......... 5000
Rev. Lawrence + Kelly, Alexandria ......... '298,800
Mrs. Nellie Kopp, Alexandria ............... 295,200
Emmett Lawler, Alexandria .................. 5000
Frank Latham, Alexandria ................... 5000
Shirley Leachman, Alexandria ............ 127 500
Miss Florence Long Alexandria .............. 5000
Mrs. Charles Magne, Alexandria ........... $4,000
Frank Moore, Alexandria Observation-Disclosures. 5000
Miss Clara Moore, Alexandria ............ 292 800
Thos j. Moncure, Alexandria .............. POI 900
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-12-27

Mrs p D. Arnold, Alexandria .........t... 5000
James Alexander Alexandria ................ 5000
Mrs Clara Abbott, Alexandria .........!... $4,000
Miss Ada V. Allison, Alexandria 5000
CLAYTON Bowman, Alexandria ................. 5000
Arthur Bryant, Alexandria .................. 1000
Dr. " R. Berry Alexandria ................. 5000
Sylvester Breen, Alexandria ..............-. 5000
NSrs ! w. Bales. Alexandria .......:... 50o0
Miss jamie Balenger Alexandria 5GOO
Mrs Kate Waller Barrett, Alexandria 5000
Ms r v Brooks Del Raw ................ 287,l00
A y Rrvan Alexandria Recommendations. 5000
Wrc Rovmond Blumenfield Alexandria ....... $4,000
Mr. Geo Rnddin Rosemont recommendations. 5000
Pay EDGAR Carpenter Alexandria ........... .l2G4O0
Mrs. Percy Gift, Alexandria ..........!... 155300
Miss Molle Carter Warrenton ..........:..... 1000
Gilbert NJ. Cox, Alexandria Observation-Disclosures. 1000
Mrs Harry B. Cation, North Braddock ....... $4,000
W + Cowbig Alexandria ................... 2SS 800
Mrs Part M Campbell Clarendon Va. ......... 5000
Il F Carver Alexandria ..............a.... 5000
Wu, he Coss Warrenton Va ................ 10000
T M Du;no Alexandria ................... 2S2,500
j. Sidney Douglas, Alexandria ............... 5000
Miss Cora Dutfey, Alexandria ............,.. 1000
Miss Julia Duncan, Alexandria 5,OO0
Miss Annie Dunbar, Alexandria 208,lOO
Mrs Irwin Diener Alexandria ............... 1000
Miss NJ Iouise Evans Warrenton ............ 5000
Cant Geo Evans Alexandria ............... 5000
Miss Sara Eddingt0n Alexandria RFDNo, g.. 5000