davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-06-04

n EITHER Mona Lso nor
nj the cat that swallowed
the canary had anything
on" the woman voter. to
the puzzled minds Of the political
leaders and party managers, who.
ever since the Pennsylvania pri-
maries-especially since the Penn
sylvania primaries have been
trying to figure out how the wom-
ell are going to vote in the fall
elections.
Mrs. Maud Wood Park, president
of the. National League of Women
Voters, says that women will
merely do their best to find out
from a candidates own explana-
tion and record what he believes
in, and then they will decide
whether to support him or not.
and she adds that a man Is not
likely to be reelected whose rec
ord Is not off the same piece as
his sample promises.
II
That's all the mystery there Is
about the woman vote" she con-
cludes, without in the least hav-
ing relieved the minds Of any
party leader anywhere. but es-
pecially. perhaps. observers of
events in Minnesota, where at this
moment Mrs. Peter Oleson, demo-
cratic candidate for the United
States Senate. is making a whirl-
wind campaign in "flivver" pre-
sented by her admirers and driven
by her daughter. and promising
Minnesota"
Minnesota is a normally repub-
Hcan state, and Senator Frank B.
Kellogg. the republican candidate
for denomination. will not be
strongly opposed in the republican
primary.
X X X X
The contest will come in No
vember. for Mrs. Oleson, who was
unanimously named by the state
democratic convention in Mime
sofa in advance of the primaries
which will be held June 1s-is
conducting a spectacular cam
paign. as a result of which.
and Of the terrifying possibilities
concealed In the woman vote"
almost anything might happen. as
Evening star., 1922-06-04

that Germany would consent to rep
arations commission demands which
involved in their main principles su-
pervision of German governmental
finances by the allies, the floating OF
internal loans, the balancing of the
governmental budgets, the cessation
of paper money presses and preven-
tion of exports of capital from Ger
many In consequence the repera-
tions commission has consented 70 a
practical moratorium for Germany
during the period of 1922. though this
consent does not in anywise affect
the Locheur Rathenau agreement by
which Germany during the year will
| turn over to France the eQuIvalen. to
1,450,0 600 gold marks in goods.
In short, the way is paved for
agreements of lasting character. ones
through which the equilibrium of
Europe may be restored eventually.
Particularly will this be true if the
bankers representing allied countries
now meeting in Paris agree upon a
billion dollar loan to Germany within
| declared essential to Germany and
| one expected by the German govern
ment in consenting to abide by the
reparations commission demands.
| Large Loan VIII Permit
Germany to Advance.
The general situation in a nutshell
is this: The billion dollar loan will
be largely used in meeting German
reparations payments yet due, and
relieve the German treasury to such
an extent that Germany will be per-
mitted to progress along desired eco
nomic and financial lines. At least
a loan will permit Germany to re-
vive hope of becoming a going con-
nomic and financial endeavor. Only
such a Germany can materially aid
in the general recovery of the old
world. This is taken for granted in
all quarters.
But out of the whole situation
emerges a fact which is extremely
important to all nations and which
may yet restore France to the good
graces she once occupied, at least
temporarily allay the prevalent belief
that France is only militaristic. This
fact is the apparent willingness of
the French to admit to further cur
tailment of the sum total of Ger
man reparations burdens. Every
where in France there is beginning
to be felt the need of concession.
The view that Germany must be aided
Is prevalent in financial, industrial
and general trade circles, but whether
the recalictrant chamber of deputies,
which Is more or less responsive. to
a misguided sentiment prevailing in
the provinces, can prevent conces-
sions remains to be seen. However,
there has been a tendency to revise
the $4,000, 900, 900 gold-mark demand
framed in London. and, according to
reliable advices. France might go SO
far as be content with a $4,000, ,00o, 900
reparations payment, providing. of
course, Frances claims are in large
measure met
In other allied countries. partic-
ularly England. there 10 tendency
to waive in large measure their par
ticular claims If France can be ap-
peased and the continent placed once
more on Q workable basis. England's
(waIvez OF .hsr-share in reparations
Evening star., 1922-06-04
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

HO remembers when gas
Ahj sold at IL or even Is cent:
" " a gallon? Almost, it seem:
to belong to the days of thu
golden age. before Pandora had tam
pered with the mysterious box contain.
ing the troubles that have since affiict'
ed the world. But, as matter OF tact
it was only six or eight years ago. To-
day, common gasoline sells for e
cents and is threatening to go higher
while richer mixtures are several
cents higher a gallon. A few months
ago, the price of gas was declining
went as low as 81 cents. But with
the advent of spring it took an up
ward turn, and cent by cent it has
crawled on up.
1t has crawled up in price, notwith-
standing the fact that the stocks OF
gasoline on hand have been large
and also the production. With mil
lions of automobiles, tractors. motor
boats, and gas engines of various
kinds in operation ipthis country, II
is not dificult to see what effect the
advance in price of gas has on the
pockets of the American people. and
! conversely, upon the pockets Of the
producers.
Congress Suspects
There Ii Pronteering.
There is considerably more than ?
suspicion in the minds of members
of Congress that the price of gas has
been advanced for just one purpose
. to put more money in the pockets OF
the producers-that no good reason
for an increase in the price of gaso-
line can be shown other than the de-
sire of the producers to make larger
and larger profits.
Assurance is given that within
very few days an investigation into
the price of gasoline. its sudden and
apparently CONSTANT advance the
country over. is to be begun by the
Senate manufacturers committee. This
committee is headed by Senator La
Toilette of Wisconsin, who has in.
troduced a resolution for a drastic
investigation of the whole question
resolution that permits the com.
mittee to summon witnesses, demand
papers of all kinds, and to employ
the best counsel in the country. tc
aid the committee in getting to the
bottom Of this question.
La Toilette Resolution
Gives Greater Power.
The first resolution adopted by, the
Senate in recent weeks in regard tc
the price Of gasoline eminated from
Senator McKellar of Tennessee, dem
ocrat. 1t was adopted by the Senate
May Is, and called upon the commit.
tee on manufactures or a subcommit.
tee to make the e>investiation.
The McKeIlar resolution wen,
through the Senate unanimously. aft.
er Senator La Toilette had given as.
eurance that his committee was mot
particularly busy" at this time and
could handle the matter. But Senator
La Toilette desired greater power
for his committee in making the in.
vestigation. hence his new resolu-
tion. As his resolution called for the
expenditure Of funds out of the con-
tingent fund Of the Senate, 1t had to
be referred to the committee on
audit and control Of contingent ex-
penses Of the Senate. headed by Sena-
tor Calder Of New York. There IT re-
malned for. two weeks, not because
Senator Calder was opposed to the
Sav&stagatiena hut because there +waa
Evening star., 1922-06-04
Old.Fashioned Spelling Bees
Revived in Washington Schools

than the old spoilers. The spelling
books of former years were super
fiuous in technical and Other words
modern books are graded in such a
way that they contain only the wo1 ds
a child of a certain class is supposed
to know and need. These words are
known by scientific tests to be of
most frequent use.
X X x X
Hundreds Of thousands of words were
experimental with by educators to as
certain the ones most necessary for a
child to know before they were placed
in the modern speller Spelling books
Of past years usually were filled with
words picked at random from the die
tionary. 1t was obvious to these edu-
Gators that it is not only useless but
wasteful Of pupils time to learn to
spell words which he never will use in
writing and at the same time neglect
to master thoroughly the words he will
actually use.
Recent studies by the authorities on
spelling show how comparatively few
words are necessary, and these consti-
tute the foundation vocabulary used in
ordinary English wiring. A study by
Leonard P. Ayres showed that approxi-
mately 1000 commercial words are
used. In order Of their frequency. they
are: The, then, and, of, to. /. a. in.
that, you. for. 1t, was, Is, with. as, have,
not, etc.
X + II +
Prof. Daniel Starch also tabulated
some 10000 running words, about 1000
from each of forty authors in eleven
current, high-grade magazines. This
yielded 5,so3 differet words, as follows:
Sill words occurred once. 1.oos words
occurred twice, 512 words occurred
three times. ESQ words occurred four
times, $50 words occurred Ave times.
121 words occurred six times, 81 words
occurred seven times. 50 words occurred
eight times, SO words occurred nine
times, 255 words occurred ten to nine
teen times and 224 words occurred
twenty or moro times.
As previously stated. the study OF
spelling in the District schools does not
begin inteasively until pupil reaches
the fourth grade
Evening star., 1922-06-04

a feeling in the committee that some
limit should be placed upon the
amount which should be expended for
counsel by the manufactures commit
tee. The resolution left the sky the
limit But assurances have been
given by Senator Calder that his COM
mittee will give all the money desired
to employ counsel, and that the reso-
luton is to go through.
Anxious to Get Best
Legal Help ObtainabIe.
Senator La Toilette. frankly. is de-
sirous of being in a position to OBJ
tain for his committee in this in
vestigatiop the very best legal advice
in the country. He realizes that the
oil and gas men will be represented
by an army of legal experts. He does
not want to have the committee in
position where it cannot proceed ef-
ficiently, even against such an array.
The bureau of mines of the Depart
ment of the Interior keeps tabs on
the production Of crude oil. gasoline
and other refined products. For in
tion of gasoline in the United States
in the year 1921 was 12.372,S3S gall
Ions. This was domestic consumption
alone. Including export gasoline, the
consumption averaged 13.ss4,313 per
day The average production of gaso-
lines per day in 1921 was 14.119,313
gallons.
For the first quarter of 1922, Janu-
ary, February and March, the average
2S9,441 gallons, and the total daily
average consumption. including ex-
port, was 11,s83.s33 gallons. During
the same quarter the average daily
production of gasoline In the United
States was 14.612.4S7 gallons, or
nearly 100000 gallons in excess of
consumption.
Gasoline, Like Coal,
Has Seasonable Demand.
In justice to the producers it must
be pointed out that the gasoline busi-
ness is seasonal From October to
May the consumption is less than the
production, but fror; May to October
the consumption exceeds production.
This explains the large discrepancy
between the daily consumption and
production of gasoline in this coun-
try during the first quarter of the
year.
But the bureau of mines also keeps
a record of the stocks. Of gasoline on
hand in the country. On March 1,
the stock on hand was approximately
s54 100000 gallons, a greater supply
than ever before in the history of
the industry. Yet from March 1 until
today the price of gasoline has
steadily risen.
The reasons for the increase in
the price of-gas under these condi-
tions is what the Senate manufac-
lures committee will endeavor to
ascertain. 1t will endeavor to as
certain, also, why the price has ad-
vanced so generally; whether there
has been collusion and conspiracy
against the people in fixing the higher
price Of gas.
Cent q Gallon Means
Heavy Tax ON People.
The advance in the pr4<e Of gaso-
line by l cent gallon increases the
bill paid by the people a day by
$12a,72s.as. IL the figures for domestic
consumption for the year 1921 are
Evening star., 1922-06-04

Old-fashioned spelling bees" dis
carded years ago In the Washington
public schools. are being revived and
encouraged by school authorities.
Although not required, these oral
spelling matches are being held in
many schools at least once week.
They are stimulating an intense in
terest in spelling and proving bene-
ficlai to the children.
Contrary to general opinion. Dis
trict school children are not poor
spoilers. according to Alexander T..
Stuart, director Of intermediate m
struction. In fact. school officials
believe the local children could out
spell the school children of many
other large cities in a competitive
test.
Special emphasis is laid on the ne
cessity of spelling correctly in the
District schools from the fourth
grade of the elementary schools
through the high schools. This is
especially true in the schools where
the children are pursuing courses
designed to fit them for the business
world, where good spelling is abso-
lutely essential.
Too much of a pupils time, how
ever, is not devoted to the ortho-
graphic art, II 1t can be termed an
art Mr.. Stuart believes that SPELL
ing, either oral or written, can be
overdone, and will ultimate result
in the loss of interest in this subject
on the part of the children. The
school program provides just enough
time for spelling to retain the IN
terest of a pupil in the subject. while
at the same time enlargiHg and en-
riching his vocabulary. Oral SPELL
ing Is dwelt upon as strenuously as
written spelling. For a time there
was little or no oral spelling on the
program of the District schools.
Steady Improvement in the spelling
Of the children has been noted for
several years, according to the Off
cials This is believed to be due
principally to the modern speller,
which has recently been revolution
lied. The new spelling book con-
tains fewer and simpler words
Evening star., 1922-06-04
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.

~ nee upon a time. when the
shadows of night were
swiftly falling. three youths
set forth over the fields and
toward an erie woods. wherein was
located a large cave of their own
making. It was here this night that
the pirate" treasure was to be di-
vided and buried, as was the wont
of Capt Kidd. Steps led them into
the wooded terrain, where weird
shadows took the form of hob COB
Inns and the tremulous call of the
hoot owl only occasionally broke an
oppressive silence. Slipping behind a
large tree one michievous youngster
through telescoped hands, cried out:
Boo"
Boo" This from the depths of q
little ravine nearby.
Three youngsters trembled, then
grew bold.
Boo" they shouted back.
"Boo" came the echo.
Then a mad dash.
Seconds only had elapsed when
three large-eyed. trembling and pant
ing younsters sat in the candlelight
of their retreat. Silence was oppres-
sive. Anxiety was portrayed in sharp
glances toward the dugout entrance
But as heart beats grew less pro-
nounced and courage once moro be-
gan to mako itself manifest, one
youngster. bolder than the rest, ex-
claimed:
"Hully geo fellers. that was some
boow
Analogy may be found in the ma
tions of Europe today.
In the darkness of war-created
chaos, they set out to divide their
treasure in. the cavernous depths OF
political intrigue. Suddenly one,
France, shouted: "Boow 1t scared
other nations nightly. But today
they look back upon events and po-
tentialities of the past two weeks
and with relief passing all under
standing exclaim:
"Hully. gee, old world, that was
some boo"
Optimism Pervades
Europe at Present.
AS a result Of the passing of the
crisis which would have arisen should
Poincare have initiated his policy of
enforced sanctions against Germany
for failure to meet reparations pay
ments on May 81, Europe already has
become imbued with a spirit of opti-
mism that has, not pervaded the con-
tinent since the days of the Paris
peace conference. Enforced sane
tions eventually would have led to
the breaking up of allied alliances,
such a course would have almost pre-
cluded Germany's payment of future
reparations without the most griev-
Gus of enforced exactions, and would
have instilled hatreds that would
have taken centuries to erase. In
stead of the prospect Of going Eu-
rope, the continent would have been
ushered into an era Of economic, po-
litical and financial striving that
eventually would have led to destruc-
ton. However, on the eve Of the da te
of threatened French penalties.
France let 1t be known that .here
would be no such thing. This, par
ttcularly after the Germans through
Minister Of Finance Hermes and
chancellor Wirth lst~tt~be- known
Evening star., 1922-06-04
BY julius H. PARMELEE.
Director, Bureau of Railway
Economics,

~ n August 20. 1920. the Inter-
state Commerce Commi Ssion
made effective a sweeping
increase in freight rates on
the railways of the United States.
Readjustments in those rates have
been under way ever since, the great
bulk of which have been downward.
Beginning July /. the level of rates
viii be approximately IL per cent
lower than it was as a result of the
1920 increase.
Buring the period of nearly two
years, from August, 1920, to July,
1922, the process of rate readjustm ent
has been almost continuous, some of
the adjustments being voluntary on
the part of the carriers. while some
have been the result of decisions by
the commission On May "a the COM
mission completed the two-year cycle
of rate reductions by announcing its
latest decision as to freight rates.
This decision. the result of an eX-
haustive inquiry. takes effect on July
I. All freight rates not yet adjusted
since 1920 are reduced 10 per cent,
and all rates that have been adjusted
are further reduced to a point 10 per
cent below the 1920 level The rates
on some commodities which have
already fallen more than 10 per cent
are not affected by the decision, but
will remain from 10 to SO l-3 per cent
below 1920. The average reduction in
freight rates thus becomes IL per
cent, compared with the 1920 level.
instead of a straight 10 per cent.
Evening star., 1922-06-04
Represents Big Cut
In Freight Revenues.

This decrease of II per cent repre-
sents in part reductions made volun-
tarily by the carriers or at the sug-
gestion of the Interstate Commerce
Commission prior to its decision OF
May "a. and in part the net result of
that decision. About per cent Is
represented by reductions prior to the
May decision. while the remaining 8
per cert will go into effect on July l..
In money terms. the 5 per cent has
already reduced railway freight reve-
nue. by saOo.OOo,oO0 per year. while
the per cent will bring about a fur
ther reduction of s240oOO,000. The
total reduction in the freight bill of
the United States as result of all
Evening star., 1922-06-04

n August 20. 1920, the Inter-
state Commerce Commission
made effective sweeping
increase in freight rates on
Evening star., 1922-06-04
BY wINERED MALLON.

n EITHER Mona Lso nor
M the cat that swallowed
the canary had "anything
on" the woman voter, to
Evening star., 1922-06-04

Continued on Third Page }
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1922-02-22

distinguished contemporary indulge itself in specula- ton which has enduring existence and always revived this time of the year, about follows:
 According to the thousands of people who claim their cestors to this country the Maowe that much talked of vessel must have been at least times the of the Lustania.'
 Undoubtedly persons they Mayfl Il- cestry who mistaken The probability indeed the t that there thousands in the United States who actually descended from Mayoer progenor than there a persons who claim this descent
 Very families, relative to the whole number a family record to for 300 years An individual descended flower progentor in whose family record has been not be of his descent and most lines of descent by the simple failure to keep records.
 On the other hand the law of human entirely the idea that vessel three times the the tana would have been to bring such in 1920 that in 1921 thousands of people" might truhfuly claim Mayfower descent.
 If couple arrived the Mayf1ower each of these should have children succeeding generation there would be- in the thirteenth eaon S92 living who could claim descent And four substituted in the progression of the descendants of the single pair might be 16364
 In instances the descendants of the We been assembled in the male line Of hundreds of living descendants who know least and address, and who
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1922-02-22
GEORGE WASHINGTON

Washington a great man of the klnetc group. He high order and thoroughly adaptable environment himself. usually he had strong of justice
 ui strongly religious nature He sought to well duty that imposed upon him.
 may be all these things, and not be great military genius. He had extraordinary field He loved the life of the soldier He personally had the talent that respect obedience of other But these things 10 for that military genius which puts him in with great generals of the The of future explain the genius but the today is well nigh silent upon this subject.
 generals had the advantage of trained legons of weapons original types of military organization; of armies welded into victorious fighting mood the powerful control of idea Caesar and disciplined troops. Alexander had the phaanx, developed by his father had fired by the spirit of revolution and they under the of excellent commanders Crom- we'll had praying of sturdy and had mastered Napoleon had later day. the principles of the
 Washington had troops mere militia, who not enlisted for the but for short the expiration of their enlistment periods had the habit of leaving body The Continental poorly clothed poorly equipped received scanty support from by the exercise of his gift for Washington the victory; all things considered perhaps the greatest victory of the
 The world honors if it knows them, the who do great may almost be said that the is the of the honor It is the genius of Washington which honored That he good just, religious make much easier to honor him. In his idazaon which nations upon their little necessary. Washing attributes which their tach to their heroes.