davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
Our Overloaded Constitution

OF the two constitutional amend
xnents submitted on November z the
first, q trivial one, may have car
ried, since it received a majority of
$685. in New York City. But the
more important one, increasing the
salaries of the judges of the Court
OF Appeals to st7,5e0, has probably
been badly defeated. The majority
against it in this city was 19,08z.
and no county up state has yet been
reported as favoring it.
The Court of Appeals judges de-
serve better salaries. But the
people are reluctant to increase the
pay of public officers. 1t is mis-.
fortune that the constitution of
1894 went into such minute detail
in regulating salaries and scondi-
ticns of service. No discretion was
apparently left to the Legislature.
Yet the judicial articles are so
cumbersome and so lacking in clear
ness that although the Legislature
was enjoined from fixing judicial
salaries it has ventured to outwit
the constitution makers by granting
the Court Of Appeals judges addi-
tionai compensation in the way Of
expense allowances.
The constitution Of 1894 is in
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
Merely Msddlinr

Neither Mayor Hylan nor Comp
troller Craig was elected Governor
of New York on November z.
Neither, so far as is known, has
been appointed by Mr.. Smith as his
agent or spokesman. Yet both have
been busy announcing his traction
plans before he has had chance
to announce them or even decide
them. Both assume that the Legis.
lature will instantly dismiss the
present Transit Commission and
that the Governor will forthwith
commit New York's subway system
into their outstretched hands.
Mr.. Smith is not lacking in intelli-
gence or in knowledge of practical
politics. He knows that the Legis-
lature and not he must decide
whether the Transit Commission l.,
to continue. He knows that ona
branch of the Legislature is Repub-
lican and will undoubtedly defend
Governor Miller's transit plan
against the incompetence in the
City Hall that has been playing
political football with the bus lines.
1t would be well for the Governor
elect, provided he has any trac-
tion plans to submit, to submit them
instead of allowing Messrs. Hylan
and Craig to give their daily read.
ings of his mind such wide cir
culation. Nothing is as important
to the citizens of New York az
transit. They are naturally eager
to know whether they are going to
get new subways and how they are
going to get them. They are fully
alive to the fact that Hylan kept
them out of new subways and be-
came known as 'the double-fars
Mayor" in consequence.
They gave Mr.. Smith tremen-
dous vote and they look to him for
some sort of settlement of the prob
lem. But they do not take seriously
the solutions given by the Mayor
and the Comptroller, FOR they are
perfectly sure that Mr.. Smith has
given to neither the right to speak
for him.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
The Bonus Solution

Six more states voted soldiers'
bonuses last week - Illinois, Iowa.
Kansas, Oklahoma, Montana and
California. Without parade, with
out national agitation, the demand
for adjusted compensation is being
met in way to which few persons
object and which avoids a disastrous
strain on the national Treasury.
Including the states which voted
on November z twenty-three have
now settled accounts with the SOL
diofs. The seventeen acting earlier
We're Connecticut, Maine, Massa-
chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis-
souri,, Nebraska, New Hampshire,
New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio,
Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota.
Vermont, Washington and Wis
consin. In addition Colorado has
voted 5000 apiece to ex-soldiers for
vocational training; New York
passed constitutional amendment
providing $45,00O,000, but the legis
lation authorizing submission was
declared invalid by the Court of Ap-
peals; the Pennsylvania Legislature
of 1921 authorized submission Of an
amendment providing $35,OO0,O0O,
and submission will have to be au-
thorized again by the new Legisla-
ture. These three states should be
counted as willing to give bonuses,
making the total twenty-seven out
of forty-eight.
The states are in position to as
sumo this obligation without dis
comfort. They have small debts.
They paid little relatively for the
support of the war. They can easily
finance their. individual contribu-
tons, while the United States cannot
well finance a huge national con-
tribution. Moreover, the states are
receptive to the idea. Bonus legisla-
e'SAA iisio bCSll SSlIGlQtISu SO ldI WlL0-
out favorable result only in the
legislatures of six states-Delaware,
Maryland, Indiana, Tennessee, Texas
and Utah. And most of the states
which have not granted a money
bonus have extended aid, exemptions
and benefits of various sorts. Only
Alabama, Georgia and Mississippi
are carried on the list published last
February by the Bank of America
of those doing nothing for their
veterans.
Here is the true solution of the
bonus problem. The states are will
ing to pay, and can pay without
any financial distress. Let them pay.
BY doing SO they will render an in
valuable relief service to the nation.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
Henry VS.. Me

Those who felt that William Allen
White had a shade the better of 1t
when Governor Henry Allen, his life
long friend, arrested him for violat-
ing the Kansas industrial court act
by displaying poster expressing 49
yer cent sympathy with the railroad
strikers will welcome his intention
to have the case pushed through.
The very closeness of Henry and
Me" gave much publicity to their
break about this matter. Governor
Allen seemed suddenly to be over
come with the fear that William
Allen White had Bolshevist taint.
Being thus persuaded, he was forced
by his oath of Office to defend his ma
tive State of Kansas from the foes
within her household. What though
Bill had been conservative at heart
and was still his best friend? Did
not that make his detection bad ex-
ample of even greater moment and
the obligation to enforce justice even
sUerner? The Governor, like Brutus
faced with the murder of Cesar, evil
dently justified his action with the
thought not that he loved Bill less
but that he loved Kansas more. Bills
reply appears to have been not that
he loved Kansas less but free speech
more, and upon this issue he de-
mands Judgment by his peers.
1t is within the power of Mr..
White, by forcing trial, to clarity
the Kansas law on this moot point of
what is and is not illegal picketing.
Henry" owes it to "Me" to give him
this opportunity.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
Clothing for Bellevue Patients

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: May ask your generous read
ers to think of the patients of Bellevue
Hospital these first wintry days?
To complete the cure obtained at
Bellevue. in many cases--indeed, in
most-the patients should GO to the
country for few weeks Of rest and
convalescent care. This is quite i'm
possible unless they have proper
amount Of warm clothing, especially
overcoats.
Those patients who are without
funds, of whom Bellevue has many,
turn to their trusted friend, the Social
Service office, to help them obtain the
necessary clothes. There come fathers.
unable to return to work; mothers.
tired and worn by illness, to whom two
weeks In the country will mean their
only rest, and children Of all siaes and
ages who should go away before re-
turning to the crowded conditions and
scanty food of their homes il we would
keep them from soon again becoming
patients Of Bellevue.
VIII any of your readers who see
this letter and Sees the hands Of Belle
vue's thousands reaching out 10 then
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15

elastic and excessively PARTICULARS
tic. Il is bad model. The voters
rejected the revision of it made by
the last constitutional convention.
They are now amending it piece
meal. But it greatly initiated
against the adoption of Amendment
No. last week that questions OF o
routine legislative character like
judicial salaries should have to be
submitted to the people under the
guise of constitutional changes.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15

send anything in the way of warm
clothing TO Miss Mary E. Wadley. So
clai Service Bureau, Bellevue Hospital? ?
There is one thing mores Many tired
mothers also ask for baby carriage
or go-cart and we have none to give
them.
MARGARET S. TRUEsDALE,
Chairman General Welfare Com
mittee, Convalescent Relief Divi-
sion, Bellevue Hospital.
New York, Nov. 10, 1922.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15

Yet remedy must be found If
people are still to have use for the
streets.
The only suggestion thus far Of
fered that promises any assistance
is that commission of traffic en-
gineers be appointed to study the
situation and formulate some sort
of plan for it's relief which can be
intrusted to the authority in charge
of transit to put into execution. II
an automobile tunnel or an auto
mobile viaduct must be constructed
such an important work certainly
cannot be intrusted to the Police
Department to plan and execute.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
is There No Remedy?

Police Commissioner Enright and
his deputy DR.. Harriss have ap-
pealed to MIR. John D. Rockefeller
ir.'s Bible class to help them solve
the auto traffic problem in New
York. 1t is to be feared that the
assistance they receive, while is
may be enthusiastic, will not be of
great value.
Just at present nobody has any
idea how the constantly increasing
congestion in the city streets is to
be relieved. Mr.. Enright is right
IN declaring that there are nor
enough north and south streets to
take care of the traffic stream, ever
though one-half of them were al
iotted to north bound and the other
to south bound traffic.
In this city there are 10000 taxts
alone, and taxis are constantly on
the streets, each contributing 80
much to the jam as twenty or thirty
private cars. Add to these trucks
ana delivery wagons and pleasure
cars belonging in New York and it's
suburbs and estimate that the num-
per OF all of them will be at least
doubled in ten years, and it is appa-
rent that absolute stagnation is
rapidly approaching.
Even were Commissioner Enright
ana Mr.. Harriss engineers, which
ehey are not. they could spare no
tune from necessary police duty 10
nnd a remedy for this condition
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15

Our history shows that we can ex-
pect to become embroiled in war once
in every twenty to twenty-five years.
Don't you think it would be a good
plan to insure against such a con-
tingency? It is the impression Of the
majority of experts that the premiums
for such insurance will amount to
much less, but If it should turn out
that SO cents per inhabitant per year
was needed you would still be at
least $2,00o,00O,000 ahead of where the
World War Of 1914 left you. Has any
one told you that it took 3,5oO,00e dead
wefght tons of ships to keep your army
in France going-fed, closhed, armed,
equipped and provided with housing
and transportation Do you imagine
you had those ships waiting for char
ters? Every shipyard in the United
States was full OF work for other ma
tions, and the largest output of all
the then existing shipyards of the
whole country for any one year pre-
vious to the war had been 2s5 900 dead
weight tons-2s5,oo0 deadweight tons,
and you needed 3,5Oo,o0Ois
The Emergency Fleet
Certainly an interesting situation
confronted the Emergency Fleet Cor
porations The government COM
mandeered every ship in the water and
building. When a fine-tooth comb had
resurrected all the ships that could by
any possibility be fitted for sea there
was still an appalling shortage. Of your
money S237,oo0,0oo was spent for
shipyards alone. That S237 900, 600 was
no part Of the 1851 100000 appro-
priated For building ships. OF 1t s70,-
100000 went for Hog Island; Port New
ark and Bristol, Pa. took most Of the
rest. BY the time the armistice was
signed 970 launching ways were in use
in the country and our output of ships
had risen from 2S5,o0o deadweight
tons per year to 100000 deadweight
tons IN 1913. In October, 1918. we
launched $4,000 tons-a months out
put exceeding the best previous years
record by 40 per cent A splendid
accomplishment, but horrible waste
due to our lack of foresight Had we
started in at the close of the Spanish
American War to provide the neces-
sary mercantile marine, that our army
might be efficiently served in the
event of the next war, we would be
at least s2,ooo,ooo,ooO richer than we
are to-day, even though we had spent
s5o,ooo,oOo per year from 1900 up to
1917.
In 1898 we commandeered every
steam yacht that could safely weather
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
Wilhelm ON the Screen

10 the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: On Armistice Day and ON sew
eral previous days some theaters
showed pictures Of the German ex.
Kaiser. When protest was nade tns
manager said it was "news," But all
news is not fit TO be shown. The cost
ly films showing srattys Arhuckle
were destroyed.
The pictures show the ex-Kaiser in
war uniform, featured as a hero b,
his approaching wedding, ana in sew
erai instances those pictures have
been applaaded by parts of tbs
audience. AMERICAN. &
New York, Nov. is, 1922.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
A Memorial to the Indians

"How old is it?" Is the first ques-
tion every one asks on seeing an
arrowhead or piece Of pottery or
some other Indian relic. More often
than not this question is followed by
Where did the Indians come from z"
To help answer both of these ques-
tions, still far from clarified, is one
Of the main purposes Of the new
Museum of the American Indian
just opened at 155th Street and
Broadway. It's entire energies have
been devoted for twenty years to
collecting, housing and exhibiting
samples Of the culture and arts of
the Indian tribes of the Western
Hemisphere. The Bureau of Eth
nology, the American Museum Of
Natural History, the Peabody Mu-
scum in Cambridge, the Field
Museum in Chicago and numerous
'other institutions have long been
doing similar work. But it has re-
manned for the Museum Of the
American Indian to devote it's entire
energies on large scale exclusively
to the Indians.
In an admirably designed build
ing, in which particular care has
been given to the lighting and
arranging Of the exhibits, may be
seen the remnants of the culture of
practically all the important tribes of
both continents. Placed geographic
cally, by countries and by states,
the exhibits show the degree of de-
velopment of the decorative and the
useful arts reached by the different
Indian nations. There is model
Of the cliff dwellings in the neigh
borhood of Spuyten Duyvil, still in
habited when the first Dutch settlers
reached Manhattan. There is
canoe dug up in the Jersey flats.
There are wampum belts made from
the purple portions Of the shells of the
quahog or hardshell clam. There are
splendid samples of pottery from
the cliff dwellings in Arizona and
New Mexico. There are turquoises
from the ruins of Hawikuh, one of
the famous "Seven Cities of Cibola"
discovered by Coronado.
On another floor may be seen gold
work from the land of the Incas and
from Central America. There are
shrunken heads and bodies dried by
the head hunters of the upper
Amazon region. Beautifully woven
shawls from Peru and fine pottery
from South and Central America
and the West Indies show the de-
velopments in these different regions.
Even a hasty visit to the collec-
tions gives an idea of the great
range in tae development Of the dif-
ferent tribes. To the general public,
therefore, the Museum of the Ameri-
can Indian offers exhibits of rare
interest. To students it offers spe-
cial facilities to help find the solu-
tions of the great problems of the
origin of the Indians and their cul-
ture. New York has long needed
such an institution. George u. Heye,
founder and director Of the museum,
and those whose generous co-opera-
ton have helped raise it to it's pres
ent Importance deserve high credit
and prassa
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
To the Editor of The Tribune:

~ 1io GailoE VI Inc IFl0unes
Sir: There is one aspect Of the ship.
ping situation I am anxious to stress.
As a nation of intelligent people we
firmly believe in insurance-in fact.
might almost say we believe in in
suring against every possible kind of
loss and disaster. 1t behooves us,
then, to take stock Of the financial loss
we have recently suffered from not in
| surlng ourselves against loss on the
high seas.
Congress authorized the Emergency
Fleet Corporation to expend $3,671,-
100000 on the building of ships when
we entered the war. The money has
been expended and we have much less
than S600000,000 worth of ship prop
erty to show for Ii. $4,000 900 900 of
shrinkage in value in five years is
some loss. 0 Penny Wise and Pound
Foolish Citizen, it's easy to check on
the foregoing figures, and furthermore
you cannot lay the blame on the people
who had to spend the money and did
the best they could under the cir
cumstances.
Cargo ships might have been built
/ on the Clyde before the war for $35
deadweight ton, and in the United
States for much less than the $65
deadweight ton asked if we had only
had quantity production such as we
have in most Of our successful indus
tries. When we did start to build
them as national program, in 1917,
their cost of construction had gone up
to over 5000 deadweight ton. Three
quarters of the taxpayers" money went
glimmering then. Also, because haste
makes waste, there were leaks without
number. Do you realize that out Of
about every six men working in ship
yard only one was an experienced
ship-building mechanic?
From Steel to Wood
We Historically turned from steel
ships to wood when we found we
couldn't roll steel fast enough. We
even went in for concrete. The other
day $300,000,00o Of wooden ships were
sold for less than $1,ooo,Ooo. You
have some 100000 deadweight tons
Of steel ships, about 1,400 in number.
We will say that one-third of them
are good, one-third of them are pretty
good and one-third Of them are not
very good. Well, what kind of a ship
do you think you were entitled to get
when you had to use clerks and base.
ball players to help build them? What
you have may bring $50 deadweight
to-
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
The Farmer and Shipping

The fallacy which underlies oppo-
sition to government aid to shipping
is a very ancient one. 1t underlay
the cenaury-long fight to deny pro-
lection to the American manufac-
turer. The people engaged in the
anti-taliff contest wanted to have
America remain dependent on for
eign countries for all higher grade
manufactured goods. Those en-
gagged In the anti-shipping crusade
want ~ see our exports and imports
carried for Us in foreign ships.
Why? Chiefly because of devo-
tion, conscious or unconscious, to the
"leavn things-as-they are" theory.
Great Britain got the start Of Amer
lea as a manufacturing nation. We
wers predominantly an agricultural
country. So the anti-protection doc
trinaires held for generations that
we should trade our agricultural
products direct for European mer-
ehandise-that no rival American
manufacturing industry should be
built up to interfere with this trans
oceanic form of barter.
The European exchange idea was
long in perishing in the South be-
cause of the South's natural antago-
nism 10 Northern industrial expan-
sion. 1t survived the Civil War and
even kept its grip on the Western
farmer through the hard times fol-
lowing Civil War defiation. But the
farmer has discovered that the OPEN
lug UP Of home market of 100000
BOO consumers, nearly half of them
dependent on non-agricultural indus
tries, was a good thing for him as
producer as well as a believer in the
growth. power and destiny of the
United States. He is now fully rec
onciled to the policy of protection TO
all American industry, agriculture
included No group in Congress was
more vociferously behind the high
schedules of the Fordney-M Nc Cumber
act than the farm bloc was.
The case with shipping is exactly
the same. Those who counseIed the
farmer to barter directly with Eu-
rope-crops for commodities-have
also counseled him to send his crops
abroad in foreign bottoms. Foreign
commodities were originally cheaper.
Foreign ships are still able to under
bid American ships for cargoes. So
the farmer is still advised to use the
foreign carrier and to stand out
against legislation intended to give
the American merchant marine a
fair chance against foreign competi-
sicn. The shipping bill Is protection
applied to transportation instead Of
D to trade. 1t has the same objects
to increase the power and resources
2 OF the country, to make the United
States more independent, to add to
existing means of national defense
and to broaden the bases of eco.
nomic prosperity.
AS a citizen the farmer has Just
as great an interest in this achieve
ment as any one else. And he is cer-
tain to profit from 1t in the long run
IKE every other citizen. The ship
ping bill would be pointless were it
meant to benefit ship builders and
owners at the expense of all other
classes. 1t is bill for the benefit Of
sli, and farmer support for it repre-
sents not sacrifice but enlightened
salf-interest.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-15
Clarifying a Color Line

The conception of a white" race
involves loose and inaccurate de-
scription In respect to color. There
are Sicilians and there are Berbers
in Africa, unnistakably members of
the same race as the bulk of Western
Europe, who are far darker than
any japanese or Chinese or Hindu.
Asa matter of fact the anthropolo-
gists have found no good term
te include such diverse peoples as
blond and narrow skulled Morse
men, broad-headed Swiss and Slavs
and dark and narrow -skullei Portu-
guese.
But the name and the details of
definition are not of the first i'm
portance. For practical purposes the
word white" as included in our citi-
zehship law and now interpreted by
the Supreme Court, in it's obvious in
tent represents roughly but fairly
one of the great cleavages in the
human family. If man first devel-
cped somewhere in the highlands
that lie between Asia and Europe, as
is the working hypothesis Of many
anthropologists, one of the earliest
divisions was among the men who
wandered southwest into Africa, the
men who went west in Europe and
the men who spread eastward into
what is now China. The negro, the
Caucasian and the Mongol were the
result. Thousands of years of diff
ferent environment have bred innu-
merabie varieties Of stature. skull
shape and skin color. The deep orig
lnal cleaving remains.
| There is as yet no scientific basis
Whatever for deciding whether cross
breeding between these great races
produces a good type of man or not.
Anthropology is one of the Youngest
sciences and its specuIations con-
stantly tend to outrun it's facts. I'm
til science does reach conclusion on
this knotty point it would be the
widest folly for man to 20 counter
TO his instincts facing this question
Of race. These instincts are unoues-
tionably the best wisdom that we
have.
But to concede the sound basis for
still holding America to the concen-
tlon of a white race is not to make
tho slightest claim for white superi-
ority. That is the point which
Americans must first understand
and then make clear to the japanese.
The more Americans know and study
the Orient, its art, its philosophy,
| tho solid character Of its peoples. the
less they will be tempted to make
easy assertions of superiority. Obvi-
ously the Western world has made
enormous progress in the last few
centuries in things material and SCH
entific. It is not less clear that in
certain fundamentals of character
the East has virtues wholly adnira-
bic and of vast performance and
promise.
We are rejecting for America any
attempted fusion between these
broad divisions Of man loosely
tagged yellow and white, not because
the yellow man is inferior but be-
cause he is different, separated from
our stock by thousands of years and
culture utterly alien to our West
ern world. II this truth can be made