The Maui news. [volume] (Wailuku, Maui, H.I.) 1900-current, 1922-03-03
Great Britain Relnquishes Its
Protectorate Over Egypt; Crisis

llles III oueI warned the public that
airplanes would drop smoke bombs
preliminary to actual firing to dis
perse crowds Government schools
and law courts were closed, postal SER
vice restricted Egyptian merchants
cancelled orders with British firms
and the Coptic patriarch ordered
nationwide strike"
Zagloul Pasha, one of Nationalist
leaders, was formerly Minister of Jus.
tice. Supported by strong Turkish
and other elements, he has agitated
complete independence for Egypt ever
since the great war. After the war
his influence was so pronounced and
his secret organization so widespread
that the British had difficulty in find
ing any Egyptian willing to accept
high office in the government.
During the Paris peace conference,
Zagloul and a few of his aides under
took to present the case of Egypt but
he and his fellow Nationalists were
arrested and imprisoned in Malta
where they remained until the con-
ference adjourned. The Nationalists,
meanwhile, carried on an extensive
propaganda and Zagloul's arrest was
accompanied by violent outbreaks in
Cairo and Alexandria. On October
IA, 1921, Zagloul arrived at Cairo but
the British forbade his landing and
Viscount Allenby, several months
later, ordered his deportation to Cey-
Ion.
6ritain's interests
British interest in Egypt, whose
Suez Canal makes it the empires
h 10, L
of the East, really dates from 1S4S
when the railroad from Alexandria
to Cairo was started. The country
was invaded by Napoleon in 1898 and
the French were expelled in 1901 but
later for many years they occupied
predominant position in the affairs
of the country. In 1856, when French
influence was at its height, Ferdinand
de Lesseps was granted a concession
for the construction of the Suez Ca
nal, which was completed in 1869
Meanwhile, the British had establish
ed telegraph company and the Bank
of Egypt. Prime Minister Disraeli
of England about this time strength
ened the position of the British by
purcha sing from the profigate Khe-
dive Ismali, $20,000,000 worth of Suez
shares.
Ismail after having lost thousands
OF lives and wasted vast sums in con
flicts with Abyssinia and in extending
his dominion in the Sudan, was de-
posed in 1879 and his son, Tewfik Pa
sha, was appointed his successor. An
glo-French control of the country con-
tinued until 1883 when the French
withdrew, by agreement with Eng
land, to devote their attention to Mo-
rocco.
/ The permanent military occupation
of Egypt by the British was followed
in 1884 by the revolt of the Mahdists
or religious fanatics, armed followers
of a supposed Mohammedan messiah.
General Charles George ("Chinese')
Gordon who was sent by the British
| government to the Sudan to assist the
khedive in Withdrawing the garrisons
of the country which could hold out
no longer against the Mahdi, was be-
sieged for months at Khartum and
killed in the storming of the city on
January 26, 1885. Subsequently, the
revolt was put down, General Kitchen
er opened the road to Khartum and
Egyptian sway in that region was es.
tablished by the British army in 1898
In the work of developing Egypt along
modern lines, Gladstone, "The Great
Commoner" of England, had no small
mart