davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
WHEAT IN PLACE OF MONEY.

Particulars have reached this coun-
try OF new Russian loan, under the
terms OF which redemption Is To be
made in wheat Those who have any
thing TO lend refuse to part with II
In return for bonds payable In paper
money, because they realize that by
the time the debt natures the ruble
may have no market value at all. So
TIE eoviet Government has been
forced to seek some other medium OF
payment
Several years ago Lenine announced
that the Bolsheviki, in their reckless
policy OF currency imitation, sought
an easy method of financing their
Government, and in addition were at
tempting to do away with the curse
of money, which they considered an
evil instrument Of capitalism. incon-
sistent with communism and useless
in communistic country.
Although they have not deprived
Russia entirely of its currency, they
have succeeded in debasing it and
rendering it utterly untrustworthy
and insecure. Now they discover, nc
doubt TO their surprise, that they
themselves are among the sufferers
thereby, and that they must have 9
stable standard of payments before
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
PRESIDENT HOLDS Up.

President Harding does not appear
TO be bending under the weight of the
load he is now carrying, and IT IS
sincerely to be hoped that he will not
be burdened beyond his capacity to
stand the strain. In all human prob
ability this will be the most strenuous
year OF his Administration. BY this
time next year the tariff, bonus. and
ship subsidy bills will be out of the
way and a new Congress will have been
elected. There will be some worry.
OF course, but there will not be so
much hard work in putting the policies
of the administrator into effect.
We suppose that politics will attract
more attention in the Senate and
House for the next three months than
matters OF legislation. Nearly all Of
the members of the House and ONE
third Of the Senators are on the anx-
ious seat, and quite naturally they are
unable to do their fun duty as regards
legislation because OF their burning
desire TO take no step that viii en-
danger their chances for reelection.
Ihey must do something, however, in
order to counteract the charges OF
inefiiciency now being made. The
Democrats are no better off than the
Republicans while such changes are
being banded back and forth. In the
meantime the President Is doing his
level best to lead his party into navig-
able waters and promote the best in
terests Of the country at the same time
Salt Lake Tribune.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
OUR BURDENS OF DEBT.

According TO the results Of a sur
vey recently made by the Bank of
America, New York City, tho aggre-
gate OF the debts OF all the States OF
tho Federal Union is s1.071 SOC. .9s1.2
This total is larger than the entire
debt Of tho United States prior to the
World War. which In 1919 amounted
to 900, or about $1,000 per
capita. Now the national debt is s2S.-
922, 100000. or about 1926 per capita.
New York has tho largest debt, nat
urally. but not the largest per cap
ita, its figures for this item being
$26.79. and It's rank In this distinction
fourth. South Dakota heads the list
with per capita debt OF s75.02; Ore
gon. $3.50; MASSACHUSETTS,, 1858. The
per capita debt OF Delaware is about
s13. but other States make much
lower showing, the West South Cen
trail States having an average per
capita debt OF 35.2s.
1t is probable, however. Delaware
will show the most remarkable record
in respect OF increase in debt during
the past twenty years. Before we be-
gan TO spread out in the field OF large
expenditures OF borrowed money, espe-
cially for road purposes. Delaware's
bonded debt was less than million
dollars, while the State had interest
bearing assets OF moro than two MIL
lions. It still has these assets, but
It's bonded debt has mounted TO about
three millions. This Is a decided diff.
ference.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
THE PEAT wILL.O.THE WISP.

It is a strange thing about fuel peat
in America. There is a national so
ciety devoted to Il, periodically finds"
Of the stuff are reported In most of
the States, everybody hopes that II
viii come into common use; yet 1t
would perplex one to find man who
ever saw peat fire or can certify that
the substance as a practical fuel is
more than a hope.
The American Peat Society Is TO
meet in South Bend. Ind, August 20
convention of the sort The pros
pectus has the usual talk OF Sub
stitute for COAL" which certainly has
current interest. Government experts
will be present. The literature then
drifts into the usual realm of fancy.
One reads that there are 10000 square
miles of muck and peat land in the
Great Lake and New England states.
The emphasis is on fertilizer, though
the golden thread of fuel promise, Is
not absent. Fourteen billion, tons OF
fertilizer or fuel are available" 1t
seems that the fertilizer is worth $40
per ton and the fuel can be produced
for $3.50. Thus the national debt can
be wiped out before breakfast and the
coal strike is a matter Of no concern.
The one statement that the ordinary
man can grasp is that $500 per
acre crop is sometimes gathered from
such muck soil. II the peat society
wishes TO endeavor itself to a So
licitous public it will institute in each
| OF the states at least one fireplace
where the stuff burns acceptably and
economically. 1t is not enough K
merely send literature.-New Haver
/ Journal Union.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
THE COSTLY SUGAR TAX.

In connection with the tax on sugar
carried by the new Tariff bill, which
provides a larger subsidy for the small
group Of domestic sugar producers
than their own advocates demanded
year ago, tho American producers
OF Cuban sugar point out IN tho follow
ing statement the effec; Of this tariff
on American consumers.
In the interest OF less than one per
cent OF the population, It Is proposed
70 TAX American sugar consumers
$500. 900.
Only about half of this amount will
be paid 10 the government ~ duty.
The rest OF the tax amounts to a SUBJ
sidy paid by all sugar consumers for
the benefit OF a comparatively small
group OF dopes,ic producers.
This sugar tax is embodied in the
permanent tariff now about to be
passed by the Senate. It Is even higher
than the rate fixed in the Emergency
Tariff which tho House OF Represen-
tatives IN It's permanent tariff bill
proposed TO continue In effect.
Practically the sole purposes Of the
emergency tariff on sugar OF $3.50 per
hundred pounds which Congress en-
acted last May was to protect" the
domestic sugar industry against un-
due importauons OF sugar from Cuba
This cariff is strl IN effect. At that
time domestic sugar producers feared
that owing TO a fancied world surplus
OF sugar. Cuba's large supply would
be dumped on the American market al
prices which would ruin the domestic
industry.
Since then. however. normal condi-
] l4Di1 VI buplig AIo ociLlhf1u HdNt pteL
brought about IN the worlds euga,
market. Cuba no longer has any un-
usual surplus. The fact Is that Cuba's
supply has saved this country and Eu
rope from q sugar shortage and higher
prices.
The tax OF 1.s4 cents a pound OF
Cuban sugar proposed" by the Senate
added 20 tho price OF sugar in Cuba
makes the protection" afforded tn
domestic sugar industry about tw'
cents a pound more than the cham
pions themselves OF tho domestic in
dusyy advocated year ago. And tn
people will pay this heavy tax, an
much more. in largely increased re
tail prices for sugar. These increase
prices already are IN evidence, an
will loom more and more ominousl
in the future.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
OUR HONORED HEROES.

Tomorrow tho survivors OF the
Fourth Delaware Regiment, an or
ganixation OF the Civil War, Will hold
their annual reunion at Shellpot Park.
This N an occasion Of real interest,
especially as contrastsd with the ac-
tivfties of the numerous military or
ganizations that have resulted from
tho late war.
The Fourth Delaware Regiment was
organized 20 the full sire 3gth Of 1900
men in the early days Of our great
national conflict. Its predecessors,
tho First, Second and Third Regi-
ments, also were organized TO full
strength. And oil four were in active
service until the close of the war, en-
ghging in a large number OF the most
important actions. There were nc
play soldier regiments, but the real
article. Each suffered heavy losses in
the nerce battles It fought. losing more
than half Of it's original enrolment
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
MEANINGLESS DEGREES.

Tho Society for tho Refusal OF
Honorary Degrees. which came 70
notice recently. IL said 10 have car
ried on for some ten years Its whim-
sical protest against very real abuse.
The members OF this organization are
endeavorlng TO Gull public attention
to the fact that the too frequent and
lndiscriminate comforting OF the hon.
orary degree tends TO rob 1t OF its real
Significance and to debase the stand
ards Of scholarship.
There Ia no point In placing the
academic hood over the shoulders OF
all statesmen. generals or financiers
merely because they have attained
eminence in their particular fields OF
endeavor. They remain In the public
mind afterward as before. still states
men, generals and flnanciers, and not
one person In ten thousand knows or
cares whether they are the posseesors
of hnlf dozen LII. D.s.
The honorary degree Is distinctly
academic In its character and carries
the recognition of high attainment IN
scholarship II should put the stamr
of approval upon the man or woman
who, by investigation and experiment
has added TO the sum total OF tn,
worlds information
For the custom Of certain small
colleges OF handing out degrees In
discripinately to their alumni little
can be said in the way OF defense
Far better to follow the policy Of tn,
University of Virginia. n policy ad
hered to from It's foundation. Of re
framing entirely from comforting an,
degree not earned by fhard work II
the classroom. Unless more caution
and honesty OF purpose are shown II
thi, matter the honorary degree vii
become meaningless. - Baltimor
American.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
ANOTHER BLOW AT IRELAND.

The cruel assassination OF Michael
Collins, leader Of the Irish Free
state government. shot in a cowartly
manner from ambush. is another blow
at the best interests OF the Irish peo-
pie. It shows tho desperation and bru-
tality OF tho small but vicious .ninori-
ty which is violently opposing the eff
forts OF majority Of the Irish people
10 work out their political salvation un-
der the admirable form OF government
given 20 them.
This dastardly assassination should
remove the last vest,ge of hesitation
In dealing with these Vile assasdns in
vigorous manner. They should be
hunted down without mercy until they
are no longer in a position TO con-
tinue their campaign OF murder and
destruction. All friends of Ireland will
now hope FOR this result.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23

budsse 20 ieos - I am . member
OF the county body." said Mr.. Lat
tonus. "itsms like this wfli not BE-
carried svsr. We win pay a. ws 90
or ~ wtn nok eo.-
How rsfrsshing II n to hear com-
msnt ot this character from . public
ofhoaai connected with the administra-
ton a our county AFFAIRS. And how
surprising. in view Of the general
trend Of administration. state and
county. for the pest quarter OF . cen-
tury. And this surprise n some
thing for interested taxpayers to take
into consideration.
Commissioner IAttomus favors
business methods In the transaction
Of county business. and gives evidence
Of hia sincerity by his acts as well
M his words. But his words are none
tho less inspiring. He II looking into
ALI details Of tho county's business.
with a view 10 securing eficioncy and
economy. Az lonE A. no holds tho ONCE
no says he WIFI do all in his power to
have tho business Of the county con-
Quoted Just as though Il was that OF
hank or other corporation"
Mr.. Lattomus. who was appointed
by Governor Denney to MI a vacancy
will not be a candidate for renomina-
ton and his successor will be chosen
M tho November election. The dis
trict Is generally Democratic, and In
all probability. Democrat will be
elected. But since the people there will
be deprived OF the opportunity of vot-
ing for the reelection OF Mr.. Lat
tomus, is it not within the power OF
the Democrats OF the district TO pre-
sent n candidate holding like view.
with Mr.. Iattomus and Of like abil-
i,y. purpose and determination7 II
Is hoped so. as men OF his class are
always needed In the public service.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23

Tho survivors are few In number
The unconquarabls enemy. Death, has
taken in toll. year after year. and
each annual reunion - marked by
appropriate memorial exercises.
Tho reunion OF tomorrow, therefore.
win b most interesting and also pa
thstic. Our people should bear Il In
mind. These brave veterans are on
Titled to all the honor and respect we
can extend to them. and the reunion
will afford tho opportunity Of paying
this obligation. A many AZ may md
1t possible should 30 out to shellpot
Park tomorrow afternoon.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
RIPPLING RHYNEs.
BY Walt Mascn-
OIL. WILLIS

Nine times I bought some Oh
well stock, from statesmen with
the gift OF tongues; they said
with Croesus I would walk
they said * TIL they sprained
their lungs. Nine times nv
hopes were running high. and
had dreams Of pr.nceiy state;
1 thought OF gorgeous things
I'd buy. when I had rubles by
the crate. Nine times my WIS.,
ions knew a slump the
drillerr only found hot air: and
was left upon the dump. \
hopeless picture OF despair.
Then came a salesman from
Long Beach. who wished 20 sell
me sunGry shares: He said.
Our prospect Il a peach. We
do not deal in fakes or snares.
There's oil. my friend. meath
Signal Hill. there's oil In
windrows. heaps and piles; and
when our boys begin TO drill. tho
oil viii squirt at least FIVE niles"
Nine times" said. distraught
and blue. I've listened 20 that
line of bunk: nine times to
blithe young men like you I've
handed out my bottom plunk.
I'm done with all your oil well
stuff that cost me many hard
earned beans; I am no hog. Tvs
had enough. and now I'll play
the slct machines" The Long
Beach wells are squirting oil.
and men with shares draw
princely pay; and I. though
wearied by such toll. still kick
myself five hours a day.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
sPEcuLAroRs AID GERMANY.

Strange a. It may seem. the thou-
sands 6 small investors In Canada
and tho United States who arc taking
flyers" in German marks are work.
Ing hard FOR Germany. we are told
In an article In a Canadian publica-
tion, tho Toronto Financial Post. Both
sides cannot win. In this gamble, It is
pointed out. and when Canadians and
Americans send money to Germany,
that country is able to scnd Its money
abroad for deposit. In the opinion OF
the Financial Post
Those who consider German marks
good gamble at tho present time
might consider for a moment tho fact
that the Germans themselves do not
think so. The great German indus
trial and financial corporations are
fast building up huge deposits In Brit
ish. French and American banks.
They are making enormous profits,
chisiiy due to the extraordinary infla-
ton now current In Germany and to
the additional fact that tho large in
dustrial companies In that country
are escaping taxation scandalously
And as fast az thcy can convert these
profits into cash they are buying for
eign exchange, expecting Mt any time
an internal collapse that may wipe
out the value of the mark.
"Germany's bubble is nearing the
breaking point. Whether or not the
internal collapse which seems newt
able Will affect Germany's externa
financial position cannot be judged
L -t....
tion. But the German industrial baron.
care naught what happens. The mark
may disappear without causing then
serious loss. Their fixed assets, In tn,
shape OF factories and machinery ant
natural resources. will remain. Thei,
liquid assets viii be safely store,
away in Lombard Street or Wal
Street vaults. Digest.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23

lfvcs on the Pennsyivania system
was protested by tho unions md th1
board from such action. This injunc~
conform 10 it's rulings. Pennsylvania
officials announced their intention q
standing by what they nad done hnb
the board decided 70 publish ths fact
that tho railroad had violated one Il
the boards decisions. Thereupon tho
Pennsyivania went into court and se-
cured an Injunction restraining tbs
board held that the election d.d not
tion was set aside on appeal 70 a
higher court. but the railroad served
notice that IL would carry the caso 70
the Supreme Court Of tho United
States.
Certain railroads also adopted Z
policy OF closing their own repair
shops, leasing them TO private COM
panies and then turning over their
repair work 70 these private corpora
tons. The unions OF the various shop
crafts charged that this was a de-
.iberate attempt on the part Of ths
roads to evade tho jurisdiction of no
Railroad Labor Board, and in effect
the board held that THE farming
/ out" Of repair work was contrary q,
the spirit OF tho law and should 10
discontinued
Thus when the wage reduction
applying 10 the shop workers was
announced TO take effect July 1 last.
so much bad feeling had been stirred
up that IL was not surprising that the
employee decided TO strike. IN spite
Of the boards decision. They Insisted
that the railroads could hout tho
boards decisions when they did not
Ike them the workers should have tho
same privilege. and they proceeded 20
exercise II, with results that the gem
eral public WIFI be long IN forgetting.
In the circumstances it appears AL
most inevitable that some changes
. VIII DO made iu the labor provisions
Of tho Transportation act. Few well
informed people in Washington believe
the Railroad Labor Board VIII -
T abolished, but IL is seen that sorns-
J thing must be done II there r. net
? to be complete breakdown Of ths
! law. But - VIII take time and A high
= order Of craftsmanship 70 work out
> changes that Will be effective. A. evil
2 dence Of this Il IL only necessary
g to point out that 81 severe p~rai,se.
are fixed for violations o> The board,
decisions, the result win be sub.
stantialiy compulsory arbitration end
] that is something that has never beer
a success as yet. no matter where 4
g has been tried
That the headquarters of the Raft.
: road Board may be brought 10 Wash.
2 ington from Chicago Is altogether
: lprobable. as experience has indicate,
= that the board should be fn close touci
" with the Interstate Commerce. Com
mission and with the executive brancl
OF the government.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
MEETINGS TONIGHT.

Christian Scientists.
Cigarmakers' Union.
Hope Lodge, i. o. o. f.
Cyrus Temple, L. G.. L.
Sheridan Post, G. A. r.
Camp No. 2. Z. o. S. A.
Welcome Lodge, l.. S. Il.
American Lodge. S. OF B.
Delaware Lodge, ID. o. II.
Delaware Council, c. B. l..
Champion Lodge, X. OF p.
Brandywine Military Band.
National Protective Legion.
Wilmington Council, c. b. l..
Usage Tribe, Imp'd. 0. r. Nj.
Columbia Lodge, A. o. U. w.
Delaware Council, 0. u. A. NJ.
Loyal Council, No. !, ID. OF J..
Carpenters and Joiners Union.
Blue Rock Council, l.. o. r.. G.
Lafayette Lodge, No. 2, X. OF r.
Welcome Council, Jr., o. U. A. M.
Harmony Council, No. /, u. G.. A.
Canton Delaware, No. /. I. o. o. f.
Mattahoon Tribe, Imp'd. o. II. NJ
German Beneficial Society, No. 3.
Star Of Bethlehem Lodge, /. G. K.
| Washington Camp, No. 4, p. O. S. A
Mckinley conclave, II. or s. w. n
William Mckinley Com, j. O. NJ. A
Naomi Lodge, II. D., No. ], 1. Q. o.
Wilmington Div. Il. Il. r., st. J. &
iEvening Star Lodge, No. 2, O. S. Of
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
WEDNESDAY. AUGUST ~. 1922.
TINE REPUBLICAN CONVENTION,

=
Tho Republican sta,e Convention At
Dover. yesterday. was a smooth and
eary affair. liko the successful launch
ing Of a ship on ways that had been
carefully creased for tho occasion.
The complete surrender OF Senator
pall IN advance had removed all open
show Of fNcrona opposition 10 the
nomination OF senator du ront for the
short ind FUN term senator~hips. and
the Senator'S managers wore allowed
TO take charge Of tho convention and
work their will. so they snccthed the
way FOR ths indcrsemsnt OF Senator
du Pcnt and even the Endorsement OF
Representative layton, with no sur
face Indications OF opposition. despite
tho risk encountered IN tho Layton
experiment. Tor not only was Repre-
sentative iayton's nomination To a
third term q departure from long pre-
ccden,. hu. st was forced IN the fnce
of tho previously announced oppos.-
ton OF Delaware Negroes and against
Visible manifestations Of suppressed
objection IN Sussex county. However.
Dr. Layton had earned this unusual
indorucmcnt by his record In Congress,
although the opposition he will en-
counter at the election from hostile
elements Of tho Republican party viii
bc very serious.
Tho state nominations recommend
ed by the district caucuscs were eo-
copied by the convention. and thus
everything waA put through with a
rush after the cA,ruees had COM
pieted their work. This was in accord
with the program. and IL viii be
called harmony. but It w~s not Th~re
wore numerous cv.dsncss OF gullen
d.saat,efact,on.
The platform - simost a Joke in
some reApecsa. 1ta Involvement of the
Harding administration .s formal and
feeble. Its Endorsement OF the princi-
pile os protection 20 American indus.
try is unaccompsnied " any refer.
encs whatever 20 the outrageous tar.
IN n-a~,rs Jus, passed by Congress
lA reonmmsndas1on Of law enforce
men, DOS not mention the vols,eat
law. II cAlis boldly for q repeal Of tn,
three dollar nl!ng tax. but refers al
other matters OF taxation 20 a com
mission 20 be provided by the Lsgis
laturs.
On the whole. the platform is weak
and embodies little tina. appeals {,
the best interests of the State.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-23
MEMOIRS AND MINISTER'S.

There was once man who said, "If
we had some ham we would have some
ham and eggs IL we had some eggs"
Lloyd George and his book fail into
that indefinite category. IL he took
plenty OF time Lloyd George
could write worthwhile auto
biography IL he were not Premier. Be-
ing Premier he can scarcely spare the
time necessary to produce telling
book Hence. his memoirs. while no
doubt ehey Will be sufficiently sensa-
tional, can hardly qualify as literature
or even as trustworthy source ma
terial for history At best the book
will he an interesting human docu-
ment: at worst n meaningless ex-
ploitauon Of personal fame.
To write truthfully OF ones own life
and times requires detachment Some
men remain more or less detached
from events all their lives and so al
any time may produce an auto
biography which has meaning. But
he who mixes successfully in politics
or business. the man OF shifts ant
deals and enthusiaems and averslons
comes to detachment only with age
Then perhaps he settles back, musel
philosophically upon his past, and findt
himself weighing values. Things ono,
seemed positive values now fall int,
/ position as relative values. He Il
willing to give bis enemies their due al
he never could have done in activ,
life. Thus he gains perspectiv,
which makes his Intimate news an,
views of lasting value.
Nothing OF the sort seems likely I,
flow from the nimble Premier's literar,
stunt" He may throw discretion I,
the winds and so in for "shocker
But since the most reasonable expla
nation of his haste Is that he need
the money, he is likely to give as littl
as possible, in return.-New Yor
Evening Post