davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

parable to that of Eli whitney's cot
ton gin to the cotton industry.
His feeder performed the work of
from twenty to thirty men in prepar-
ing wool for weaving into cloth, and
it's value was Immediately recognized
by manufacturers throughout America.
England and France. About $4,000 Of
his machines are now in use through
out the United States. At the Chicago
Worlds Fair In 1898 the invention was
displayed by the United States Gov
ernment as one of the inventions of
the time which had contributed mate
rally to the advancement of manufac-
turing methods.
Unable TO endure the rigors of the
northern winter, Mr.. Bramwell Nre-
turned in 1903 to England TO live.
Prior to that time and since 1877 he
had lived in Hyde Park with his wife.
who was Miss Josephine Morrison OF
Boston. whom he married in Hyde
Park in 1879. In England Mr.. and
Mrs Bramwell lived at Bathurst Lodge,
ST. Margaret's on the Thames. near
London. until last spring, when Mrs.
Bramweli died. Her body was Gre
mated and the ashes sent to Boston in
care of her son Rupert, and placed in
Forest Hills Cemetery. 1t was to have
a monument inscribed in her memory
that Mr.. Bramwell made his present
trip.
Mr.. Bramwells only surviving son,
who returned to America after his
mothers death, contracted pneumonia
soon after his return to his home at
New Brunswick, y. j.. and died last
April. leaving a widow and twenty
year-old son. The father, bereft of all
his immediate family. will return on
next Tuesday TO England, sailing on
the Aqutania for what he says will be
his twenty-second and last trip across
the Atlantic. He has sold Bathurst
Lodge. To return there would recall
too many sorrowful memories. He
plans to spend his remaining days at
Brighton. seacoast town in the south
OF England.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20
MILITARY TINE TABLE OF THE NATIONS
BLAMED FOR WORLD CATASTROPHE

there was q world war for the first
fifteen years of the last century, end
ing with the battle of Waterloo. We
can trace back through the ages an
ever recurring procession OF devastat-
then civilized world, followed by peaces
of exhaustion, which in turn gave way
TO new eras OF war.
The question | wish to discuss to-
day Is this:t Is war really necessary
to human progress? Must we continue
to submit TO a regular recurrence Of
these appalling evils every few decades
as the price OF winning more freedom
for humanity? / would answer un-
hesitatingly that war is barbarism:
that il is never inevitable, and that IL
IL takes place between civilized Powers
Il is simply because they have failed
TO create an alternative system where
by their disputes or great issues in
volved in human progress can be set
tied by other and more sensible means.
What was II that precipitated the
great war7 The effective operative
cause OF the situation which exploded
in 1914 was the surrender Of Germany
to Bismarclism and the failure of its
people to take the control OF military
and foreign policy out Of the hands OF
the Kaiser, his court, his officers and
his diplomats into their own hsnds.
But what was 1t that finally swept
Europe headlong into war? II was the
military time table. No sooner did
Austria Hungary begin to mobilize in
support of her ultimatum to Serbia
than the Russian General Staff felt
bound to do the same in order not 10
be caught at a disadvantage " the
struggle spread. And no sooner did
Russia begin TO mobilize than Ger
many felt bound to do the same, for
the plans OF the German staff In the
event OF. European war were based
on the capacity Of the German army
TO mobilize few da<s faster than the
French. and TO crush the French army
before the Russians could take the
field. Hence the frantic kilograms of
the Kaiser to the Czar, imploring him.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

and commencing him to countermand
the mobilization, for he realized when
il was too late whittier the ultimatum
was hurrying with breakneck speed
Whether the Kaiser or any other
responsible man ever deliberately
presSed the button to start a general
European war | don't know. Per-
sonally(I doubt II. II was the terrible
military time table, the inevitable out
come OF Prussian militarism and the
division Of Europe into a number OF
rival and separate national States
which made Il impossible to stop the
war once the first fatal step OF mobili-
zauon had been taken. The Car could
not countermand mobilization unless
Austria Hungary countermanded. VI
emma could not countermand after her
ultimatum to Serbia, because to do
so meant an abject humiliation for the
Central Powers far worse than that OF
Agadir.
And so, while kilograms flashed and
Sir Edward Grey's proposal for con-
ference was on the wires, the fatefm
minutes passed. One after another the
nations mobilized and the situation
drifted steadily out of control until
finally the German General STAFF in
sisted on marching through Belgium
as the straightest road 70 victory and
the, only alternative to eventual de-
feats. And Europe stumbled into a
war for which Germany had pre-
pared, which no individual may have
deliberately ignited
What is the fundamental cause OF
ware | do not say the only cause of
war. but the most active and constant
cause. II Is. not race. or religion, or
color or nationality, or despotism, or
progress. or any Of the causes usually
cited. II is the division OF humanity
into separate States. That humanity
should be so divided seems natural,
almost law Of nature. That II can
ever he otherwise seems~ almost i'm
possible. Yet il is by all odds the
greatest cause Of war, and until II Is
overcome wars as frequent and as
terrible as those OF the past will con.
tinue tosscourgp the- earth.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

this horrible dilemma. In doing so he
voices the opinion OF millions or plain
men and women OF Great Britain. He
rebuked the Government for doing the
little thing when they had chance
TO do the big thing. Even now IL IL
hardly too late 10 do the big thing and
that is sponge out the Balfour note and
make a new offer TO France In the
most magnanimous spirit with the ut
most generosity OF which the British
people are capable, and II is1unlimited
when the call comes 10 the best that
Is in them and not the worst That
offer should be complete in its abolition
OF debts to Great Britain. Already Lloyd
George has agreed 70 drop something
more than e.. 600. 900 900. He should go
further and drop $4,000. 900. 900 OF this
mythical unrealizabe money which
hangs like a curse over the spirit OF
Europe.
Already Lloyd George has offered 10
waive ALI claims 10 German indemni-
tics He should now offer 70 liberate
France from similar burdens and at
the same time pledge himself to assist
France by every possible means 70 OBJ
tain sufficient money from Germany
TO paw for the devastated areas. 10
more than that. But no less than that.
And in return France would be
asked to make q solemn pledge to re-
frain from wrecl<ing the policy In Ger
many provided her security is guar
anteed by Great Britain regarding any
future possibility Of war with her old
to do the biggest thing IN the world
There Is majority il Great Britain
ready to do Il II they get the lead.
Nothing less than that viii save Eu-
rope from further decay and. central
Europe widespread despair
what is the reason that after nearly
four years of so-called peace. Europc
isin -such-a- tragic state? 1t is that
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

IN the Versailles treaty the victori-
Gus nations did a little thing instead
OF 2 big one. Ignoring simple eco
nomic laws they played the game with
such enormous greed that no nation
on earth. not even the United States.
lcouId have produced the fabulous
wealth demanded OF Germany.
Then upon those mythical figures
France. though not England. built
dream castles which are now dis
PEELED hy the cold frost Of reality.
The nations are economically bank
rupt now because they were spiritual
ly bankrupt first. II they had fol-
lowed the lead Of idealists who we're
for peace. mercy and construction IN
stead of vengeance and Illusion. they
would have been materially richer to-
day and Europe would have been up
lifted 10 new plane of hope. They
we're warned. but did not heed tre
warnings. There arc some Of us vino
suffered insult because We pointed
out the truth three years or more ago.
The truth still remains the same.
Only by spiritual philosophy, based on
forgiveness Of sins and debts by s-s-
ternal cooperation between nations,
can this old Europe be saved. There
Is no hope for that. fear. until this
generation passes with its memories
and passions
our only hope Is In leaders who are
now unknown Until they come
Europe viii stacger through years ~
turmoil and decay and increasing mis-
cry. Only England stands now, -
aiways strong and stubborn agoiust
ali the buffetings &c fate, and hose
who hope she i weakening viii be
disappointed set For though he
British people arc hard pressed they
VilI and can stand lot Of knocking.
And in my opinion they arc goins 70
gef ~
ccpyrigh,. is2., ~ The Mcclure Newspaper
Syndicate.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

medical cases can be treated in a spe-
cial room near the ambulance en-
4 trance. Here also is room for ply
sical examinations of men in large
groups. Electro and hydrotherapeutic
treatment Of eye, ear, nose and throat
cases and x-ray work will be done
on this floor. There is also a laboratory
here.
The second and third floors are given
over to wards. Each floor has two
main wards and several private rooms.
which open onto porches. where the
patient may enjoy the sunshine and
also have a fine view OF the river.
There are two study rooms on each
ward floor.
The kitchens are on the main floor.
and from hero diets will be carried by
dumbwaiters and in insulated con-
tainers 70 the diet kitchens. where
the trays may be prepared. The diet
kitchens are perfectly equipped with
the usual ranges ovens, plate warmers,
serving tables, refrigerators, side closet,
tray racks and carriages.
The operating suite is on the fourth
floor. This includes operating. steriliz-
ing. dressing and instrument rooms
and a special room for the treatment
OF septic cases. Al each end OF the
suite are dressing rooms for surgeons
and nurses. These are equipped with
showers and lockers. The operating
suite does not extend the full size OF
the floor 50 that surrounding it is
space for a roof garden. which can be
reached by elevator.
Col. +. J. Timberake Constructing
Quartermaster. IS personally super
vising the erection of the new hos
pital and all It's details. Assisting him
Is William +. Goding, superintendent
OF construction. Mr.. Drummer con-
suited with Col. r. r Reynolds. chief
medical officer, when preparing his
plans.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20
Build
ing, in Military
Gothic, Nontains
the Latest Dis
coveries Of Medi-
cal and Surgical
Sciepce

w 'tion and cradle of the army
has forged another link in the
chain of buildings that rise command
ingly from the west bank of the Hud-
son River. This latest unit in the
group Of military structures set against
thej wooded hills Of the lower Catskill
Mountains Is the new Cadet Hospital
which will soon be completed.
Arnold w. Brunner the architect
has followed the military Gothic style
of the older buildings OF the Academy
and has produced unique and beauti-
full effect from the exterior and per-
fectly arranged interior, modern In
every detail, and this despite the fact
that Gothic art long antedates hos
pital construction. Mr.. Drummer de-
signed the s15,000.oo0 civic art and
music center, which has been pro-
posed for a central location. among
the suggestions for which two blocks
extending from Central Park South 10
avenue TO Sixth avenue have been Of
fered.
Before leaving for Europe Mr.. Brun-
ner described the Cadet Hospital and
details of its adornment. Some of the
West Point buildings were erected
many years ago and since then others
have been added from time TO time as
the Military Academy has grown. All
OF these conform TO certain style,
with the result that the Academy pre-
sents no jarring architectural effect
TO the eye. on the contrary, the masses
of dark gray stone structures present
a solid, permanent. Old World picture
that is due entirely to the fact that a
definite design has been adopted by
those in charge OF the structural part
OF the army's center's program and
that achitects have followed II with
profound respect.
1t is difficult TO interpret the exact
quality Of the West Point buildings.
the quality which makes them unique
and beautiful. All are Gothic and OF
special type of Gothic which has
been described az military. They are
built OF combination OF rough native
stone and fooled limestone, and the
rich gray color suggests strength and
integrity. This same spirit pervades
the entire chain of buildings from the
massive Riding Hall on to the Admin
istration Building and Post Head
quarters, thence through the arch to
the higher plateau where the academic
buildings are massed around open
spaces. and TO the parade and the ath-
letic field.
Military Gothic is a variation OF
Gothic. and in supplying appropriate
yet suitable decoration for the Cadet
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

the Franklin Institute Medal in 1894. a
medal bestowed only on especially de-
serving inventors who have given the
world an invention of conspicuous
merit.
Mr.. Bramwells first trip to America
from his home in Leeds, England, was
brought about in an unusual way. He
was employed as a clerk in the woolen
mill OF his uncle in Leeds. Each morn
ing he was accustomed to read aloud
to a group of the mill hands the news
items in the Leeds Mercury. One
morning he read an announcement OF
the intended sailing of the Great East
ern for New York. He stopped short
in the middle of the story TO exclaim
IF | had the money | would sail to
Now York on the Great Eastern" Inn
mediately the mill hands to whom he
had been reading started subscrip-
ton. and in a few moments half the
required sum was raised. The other
half was given young William Bran
we'll by his uncle, and the nineteen
year-old boy sailed for America.
When he arrived at Castle Garden,
New York. he was detained by the
immigrant authorities on account of a
lame leg. the result of an accident
several years before. Finally admitted.
he found himself in strange land
without a penny in his pocket.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20
Huge Sail Spread Helped
To Propel Big Liner

"But she was q wonderful ship, and
Il was not for many years afterward
that another was built which in any
manner approached the proportions OF
the Great Eastern. She was 692 feet
long ard SO feet wide. Across her pad
die boxes she was ia feet wide. In
addition to her enormous paddle
wheels on either side she had screw
propeller, and she carried $4,000
square yards of sail. She had five
huge tunnels, 100 feet high and six
feet in diameter, and her sails were
spread on six great masts, five of
them built Of iron.
This first trip which | made across
tire Atlantic on the Great Eastern in
1862 took nine days and five hours
from Fastnet Rock, off the coast OF
Ireland, TO Sandy Hook. and was the
fastest trip which had been made UP
IN that time. In fact. it compares
fayorably with the trip l made last
week on the Carmania, which left
Liverpool at o:3o p NJ. on August 3
and reached New York at Z p. M.
August ~.
The time required, however, on
many of the trips succeeding my
Great Eastern voyage was much
greater. In 1853, when returned to
England on the City of Washington
of the old Inman Line, it took fourteen
days from New York to Liverpool. and
The New York herald., 1922-08-20
Plate Racks Did Not
Always Prevent Mishaps

MANY amusing incidents occurred
when the weather was unusually
rough. especially at the dinner table.
The dishes, of course, were fenced in
by network of wooden compartments
attached to the table tops as prelimi.
nary precaution. But this did not take
care of every exigency by any means,
and more than once have seen a par
ticularly vicious lurch of the ship come
just as the captain was bravely trying
to carve roast and the tossing of
the vessel would hurl the meat across
the table, scattering dishes and food
in all directions"
Many of Mr.. Bramwell's trips across
the ocean were occasioned by business
interests arising from his invention of
the Bramwell feeder. an important
machine in every woolen mill the world
over. which Mr. Bramwell invented
and brought to perfection in the late
T0s. and for which he was awarded
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

UNIQUE in the annals of trans
atlantic travel is the expert
ence of William c. Bramwell,
inventor, traveller and for quarter of
a century a resident of Hyde Park.
who is in Boston this week visiting
friends and relatives after making his
twenty-first trip across the Atlantic.
the latest in series of voyages which
began sixty years ago when as a boy
OF 10 he first came 10 America from
England on the famous Great Eastern.
Beginning in the era when steam
first began rapidly TO replace sail as
the motive power for ships. Mr.. Bram-
wells voyages mark the marvellous
Developments of steam navigation.
li-~tpg the gigantic ocean liners of
t.Say with their less pretentious pre-
d-cessors, which. afraid to trust their
fA.s to steam alone, used sail and
steam together.
The Great Eastern, on which Mr..
Bramwell made his first trip in May,
1852, from Milford Haven, Wales, to
New York, embodied TO the fullest ex-
tent the oldest of the old and the
newest of the new. Her motive power
included not only steam and sail but
she was equipped with a screw pro-
pellor in addition to the huge and
clumsy side paddles which feature the
early steamships.
But with all OF her propelling de-
vices and the many modern features
which made her the wonder of the
maritime world, this leviathan of the
past century had an exceptionally III
fated career. The trip which MIR.
Bramwell made on her was, so he
declares, the only one in the tenn
pestuous history of the Great Eastern
which was not marred by any mishap,
and was also one of the few which
brought financial gain to her owners.
Disaster attended her from the
very beginning" said Mr.. Bramwell.
"she was partially submerged by an
accident when she was launched, a
tremendous explosion on her first voy-
age wrought much havoc and caused
some loss OF life, on later trip she
was nearly shipwrecked and her mis-
fortunes kept piling UP until she was
scrapped.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

1.-THE question ! have been asking
myself for the las two or three
years has been this: Have we,
as the result OF the terrible expert
enccs of the late war and of the
victory of the Allies, any real security
against a repetition OF world war.
To this question I have to answer No
For the moment we ha~e peace ir
the military sense and there is no
danger OF war such as that of 1916.
because Germany Is disarmed and the
preponderance CT military strength on
the allied side is simply overwhelming.
There Is another insurance against an
early repetition of so titanic COL
lision. | do not believe that the peo-
pies who have fought in the last war
would submit TO be driven to such
wholesale slaughter again. They are.
believe. substantially immune from the
kind Of militarism which drove them
70 death by the million In 1914. The
The New York herald., 1922-08-20
Mr.. Bramwell, About to
Undertake What He Ex-:
poets to Be His Last At
lantic Crossing, Tells of
Changes in Ocean Liners
Brought by the Years

fourteen or fifteen days was the best
time record across the Atlantic for
many years after the Great Eastern
epoch. The Great Eastern was a mir
acle ship which came before her time.
Some Features Missed
On Present Day Liners
Although the ships Of fifty years
ago had less of comfort and conven-
ience and speed than those of to-day"
Mr. Bramwell continued, they had a
great many other features which the
mammoth liner of to-day does not
possess-features which some of US
old timers miss, .much as we enjoy the
newer advantages.
: "In the old days there was a greater
spirit of fraternalism and comradeship
among the passengers and between
the passengers and the officers of the
ship. The passenger list was, of
course, much smaller the voyages
longer and there was thus a much
stronger occasion for determination.
During the voyage the ship was a
little world to itself That is true i'll
a manner to-day, but with modern
speed and modern radio communica-
tion a ship is never isolated from the
rest of the world as it was forty
years ago.
To-day passengers on trans
atlantic liner regard each other much
as do fellow passengers ON Pullman
car. Formerly they were shipmates,
1.ax To-. ci,n nf
radeship which strengthened as the
distance from shore increased. In the
dining room the CAPTAIN sat at the
head of the first table. other officers
at the head of the remaining tables,
and all made up one big family. There
is none of that to-day. OF course
there Is entertainment and social life.
but it is of the conventional sort. TIE
difference is much the same as the
difference between an old fashioned
picnic and a fashionable party.
las to conveniences, the present day
ship is immeasurably superior to the
vessel of the preceding generation.
The quality of the service given to-day
was undreamed of forty years ago. A
second class passage to-day offers far
more than the best first class passage
formerly did as far as physical COM
fort is concerned. And none of the
ships of to-day roll and pitch as did
the smaller ships of bygone days. The
Great Eastern of course was an ex-
ception. She was as steady as any
craft built since her day. But the
others of her day and for many years
afterward would roll so badly that one
would often wonder that the ship did
rot capsize.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20
Got Work at S16 a Month
And Paid Sra for Board

Making his way to Woonsocket
Falls he secured employment in a
woolen mill at SIC a month, s14 OF
which he spent for board. From
then on his life was a steady strug-
gle for success. which came slowly
but certainly. Realizing that wooden
manufacturing suffered for the want
OF an efficient means of feeding the
wool to the machines. he set out to
remedy the defect, and after years of
experimenting he finally perfected n
machine which performed for the
WOODEN manufacturer service COM
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

France that Great Britain was not
prepared TO make further financial
sacrifices. enormously greater than
the French will admit. by striking out
the debt OF f5s4.00O, 900 for which
France is responsible to England, be-
cause England has a debt Of 1900 ,oOo,-
900 TO the United States.
The New York herald., 1922-08-20

menace to-day is anarchy and eco
nomic chaos involving perhaps Local
fighting. with Europe retreating to-
ward barbarism, as the habits of order
and the machinery Of production and
exchange break down.
II we look back through history we
shall Ice that what has happened in
the last eight years IL not . unique
or isofated phenomenon. forexampie,
The New York herald., 1922-08-20
Lloyd George $
FormerSecretar.y
Thinks Events S
Moved Irresisti-
bly AfterAus
Hungary Began
to Mobilize

The Institute of Politics at
Wiliiamstown, Mass, listened re-
Gently to an address on the causes
of war by the Hon. Philip Henry
Kerr, formerly one of the secre-
tsries of Premier Lloyd George.
The address in part foHov.--