davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
YHAT Is chlld labor7 W

Y YHAT IS child labor7 Where
NAi is It found? To what ex
Wv tent does this long fought
economic evil still exist in
so-calied free American What class
Of little unfortunates areSstill its
Tictims7
In answer the average reader sees
ut once a vision of factory towns,
of squa!ld. crowded city tenenents,
Of pale, uniformed mites OF human
ity toiling hopelessly for long
dreary hours in changing mills. in
snines or In quarries.
This average reader IN some
years behind the times. As mat
Ger OF fact out Of the two million
children ten 10 fifteen years Of age
engaged In gainful occupations in
the United States according TO the
census OF 1910. those laboring in
factories. mines and quarries were
only about Is per cent In other
words the average readers impress
sion was never more than one-sixth
Correct quay IL - even tGSS u uC
az the result largely of the work
of the National Child Labor Com
ynlttee. organized in 1904. This
minor phase OF the problem has
been pretty well solved at least
as far as the enactment OF laws
goes Most states of the Union
have adopted at least a fourteen
year-old age limit for the employ
ment of children in factories, II not
In all occupations.
The federal tax on child labor
has further clinched the matter II
Is at last well established In this
country that children under four
teen years OF age shall not be EN-
ployed In mills. factories. canneries
and workshops.
In short. 1t is the American farm
and not the factory which is the
stronghold OF child labor. OF the
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
ASK DAMAGES FOR
HARBOR AUTO SMASH

Edward Blaeewicz today filed suit
for damages aaginSt sam I4ambora in
the Hamm nd superior court because
Of an automobile accident which &C
Cured in Indiana Harbor November 3
Blacewicz was driving south on Grape
vine street. which is a>boulcvard At
f3Sth street. Landlords car coliaed
with the Blacewiez machine. Blaze
wicz says Lambora did not obey the
traffic rule Of stopping before turning
into or crossing boulevard He asks
fer $500. Nv. b. Van Horne Is mis- at
torney.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28

wage earners In the city have be-
come easier. There is much work
in these regions that children can
do The returns to tenant farmers
are so low that they must have the
work of children in order to make
living. Owners do not provide
modern machinery for farm ten
ants. 1t is largely hand work which
children can do. This work is not
training them to be any better
farmers. Il Is mere drudgery ana
the parents get the returns from
their labors.
tenants move about continuously
which interferes with schooling.
Such a changing pop@aticn in a
section creates an attitude OF In
difference toward the school devel-
opment. In one community. for in
stance. the average schooling was
found to be only six months a year.
Owner parents. who are able. send
their children to town schools.
Very generally in these one crop
regions child labor IS contracted FOR
in family groups This is particu-
larry true in the sugar beet fields
The general result Of farm labor
upon children In after life is strlk-
ingly shown by the tests made upon
soldiers IN the army. Ii was found
that the young men from the
farm not only are not as well edu-
Gated as young men from the cities,
bur they have not the same degree
OF mental alertness.
1t was found that farm work
over-developed the major muscles
while the finer muscles we're neg
lected The surprising result was
that the farm reared young man
tired ont more quickly than the
city-reared young man. under physj.
cal strain that demanded the use
Of the whole body II was also
found that the farm boys have a
greater number Of correctable
physical defects tnan the city
reared boys
When II comes 70 education 10
Is well known that the percentage
OF illiteracy in the country Is twice
that in the city. one In every ten
OF the rural population being class
ed as illIterate. One investigator
finds that Of the sixteen states hav-
Ing percentage Of illlteracv
greater than that OF the United
States as a whole fifteen have a
foreign population percentage far
below 147. that OF the United
States az a whole the average be-
ing only % per cent
These fifteen states include all
but one OF the thirteen states which
have a child labor percentage IN ex-
cess OF the average for the United
States as a whole.
Put aside from the wrecklng Of
the health and the educational
Of the individual child
by farm labor, there IS another Sc
rious effect upon the nation AZ
large. Oppressed by the hard and
unsatisfactory life at home and the
greater lures Of the city. the coun-
try boy IS leaving the farm. Every
year 1t is getting harder for the
farmer to fnd labor 70 till his
crops. At the same time. the sons
OF farm owners are unwilling to
stay on the farms their hard work
ing fathers leave them, aud the old
time. substantial American farmer
ia sriz-fu0 uyav r., fhp f41forra fnrw
alien tenant.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28

as hard. he considers play an IN
necessary waste Of time.
AS a result Of this attitude. 1t Is
almost impossible to get any direct
legislation protecting farm children.
Farm child labor exists in three
forms-First, where children work
for their own parents on the home
farm: second. where they hire out
TO others for wages third, where
they work with their parents under
contract to others. The form most
prevalent in any given region va
ries with the stage Of agriculture.
Usually each farm section passes
| through three stages, exploitation,
specialization and diversification.
The first stage Is the boom period
when the region is opened up.
Families move In, take up land and
aim TO get as much out OF 1t as
possible and as quickly as pos
s;ble and move on. The labor
supply is strained Families are
migrating. Child labor reaches an
unfortunate point School faciii-
ties are inadequate. Proper home
conditions are totally lacking and
recreational and moral surround
ings at low ebb While the child
usually works for his own parents
his condition is about as bad as
when he works for others.
In the second stage that of special
ization. the region has discovered the
crop to which e is best ADAPTED
and gone in for Il heavily. Il is
in these one crop regions where
farming Is IN the second stage that
the greatest amount Of child labor
and its worst form is found. The
children of farm laborers and ten
ants are the chief sufferers rather
than the children of the owners Of
farms. More than onc-half the
families who live or the land and
do farm work are either tenants
OF farm laborers. Conditions of
life for tenants and laborers have
become harder as conditions of
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
COAL OPERATOR
KILLS HIMSELF
INTERNATIONAL NEWS srRyrcEl

PALM BEACH. Fla. Feb. 2S.-Lin-
coin McCandless. 3s. vice president Of
the Hutchinson Coal company. Philadel-
phia. shot and killed himself at
prominent resort hotel here yesterday
coroners jury rendered a verdict OF
suicide after an inquest
He is survived by his wife and two
children.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
SPECIAL. TRAIN
MAKES WILD
DASH NORIH
OF. Jordan Co. Equipment to
Rescue of Ice-L Locked Rail-
ways and Towns

storm-striclzen and ice-1ocked MARI
thern Michigan communities shut or
from the outside world for six days,
are receiving their frat help today
rushed from an East Chicago plant
A eo-MILE HOUR DASH
Through the cold and lonely forests
OF northwestern Michigan there raced
during the night and early morning.
special train. drawn by the Pennsyl-
vania systems fastest passenger To-
connective. on board the special Is
powerful snow-hghting and ice-rip-
ping equipment. built at the o. f. Jor-
dan company plant. which is to be US
ed 20 rip its way through the SIX inch
Ell OF ice that has buried all railways
north OF Cadillac
ASK HELP HERE GET 1T
The story Of the sixty mile an hour
dash from East Chicago to northwest
ern Michigan began yesterday
II was then the executive OFFICIALS OF
the northwestern region of the Penn
sylvania lines appealed for help to the
o. F. Jordan Company OF which Colon
el walter J. Riley is president
Immediately q crew Of Jordan work
men gave thorough inspection to the
newest and most powerful spreader-
snow pillow IN the Jordan plant The
air COMPRISING machinery. plows. ice
ripping attachments, and other parts
OF the giant 4o-ton machine, mounted
on its own wheels and almost as long
aT locomotive, were found to be In
lighting trim.
EXPERTS RUSHED NORTH.
Then the Pennsylvania system pro-
vfded Its fastest passen ger locomotive
and a special train. made up OF the
Jordan snow-ice fighter and two
coaches late yesterday began the race
from East Chicago for Fort Wayne.
and from there north. via the Grand
Rapids and Indiana branch, to the ice
locked lands. On board the train were
railway officials. Manager A. L.
Greenabaum of the Jordan company
several OF the Jordan company experts.
and nouon-picture camera operator
The relief train was given clear right
OF way over all New York Chicago
traffic. and the welcome news Of its
coming was flashed to border Of the
Michigan Ice blocked zone.
4 BATTLING STORM.
The whole northwestern part OF rne
upper peninsula OF Michiga south Of
Mackinaw City md along 80
coast OF northern Lake Michigan beEa1
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
On Tina. Condition Only.

Local Paper - Unusually large.
handsomely furnished room. with bath
accommodating three" We should
want the faucet end Of the tuh.-Bos-
ton Transcript.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
Rut Not the Waist al Tinne

Desirable additions to everyone's
wardrobe are the mantle OF charity.
the ties OF friendship. the thinking cap
and the skirts of happy chance.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
DEMOCRATS HOLD
GINGER MEETING
AT ROBERTSDALE

6contiaued from rage one1
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
4 BArFLING STORM.

The whole northwestern part OF rne
upper peninsula OF Michigan. south Of
Nackinaw City md along 80
coast OF northern Lake Michigan beEal
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28

TO be storm bound six days ago. 1t is
said to be most disastrous storm in tn
history Of that part Of the peninsula.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-28
sy JOHN oARRETsEE

SZzZ1ZSzzzzZzZ2
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

fortune. They will make their
home with the brides sister OF
Wallace Road. and in the late sum
mer expect 10 take an extended trip
west. The bride has been employed
in the Lion store for some time and
the groom is a postal clerk in the
postoffice. Hearty congratulations
are extended the bride and groom.
Mrs. William Phillips and daugn-
ter. Miss Ruth Adelaide, left yes
terday for their home in Kansas
City, Missouri. after spending tho
past FIVE weeks the guests of Mr..
and Mrs. Sumner Deuel. of Douglas
avenue. Mrs. Deuel.. who underwent
an operation eight months ago. is
still bedridden but slowly improving.
Mrs. Mac Turner OF Truman bou-
levard very delightfully."- entertain
ed the ladies of the Friday After
noon Club yesterday at an excel
lent chicken dinner served at the
Hotel Blair OF Griffith. A pleasant
afternoon was enjoyed in the pretty
park of the little city.
.
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. ]. Ruff very pleas
antly entertained the members OF
the Monday Club and their hus-
bands at dinner last evening in
their home on Carroll street. A
long table. with covers laid for
twenty-five guests, was most at
tractive with a bouquet OF red and
white peonies. and delicious
course dinner was served. In the
evening games and music were en-
joyed. The guests OF honor were
Mrs. Charles Wilson and children.
Marjorie Ann and Donald of Rush
Vile, Indiana.
Mrs. Alvin Fletcher Rohrer very
charmingly entertained at luncheon
yesterday in her home on South
Holman street in honor of her
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

daughter. Miss Dorothy. A dell
luncheon was served to sixteen
guests at a table most attractive
with filet and Italian cut work and
a bouquet of pink peonies. Each
guest was presented with a tiny
sweetheart rosebud. bearing the an
nouncement of the engagement Of
Miss Dorothy to Jacob Louis Brusl
son of Mr.. and Mrs. ]. D. Brusel.
The wedding will occur the twenty
fourth OF this month. A pleasant
social afternoon was spent and
needlework enjoyed.
Hammond Post D. D. OF the Trav-
elers' Protective Association will
send as a delegate to the National
Convention at Atlantic City. the
fifth TO tenth of this month, Mr.. A
]. Burk, the president of the local
organization. The Indiana delega-
ton will try to bring next years
convention to Winona Lake, Indi-
ana. Next years state convention
will be held 1T Michigan City.
The Baptist Woman's Unios met
in the church parlors on Thursday
for the annual luncheon and cleo
ton of officers. A large attend
ance enjoyed the prettily appointed
luncheon at tables decorated with
baskets OF cut flowers. Mrs. Elmer
SUNNI erhays gave group of de-
lightful poems by Paul Lawrence
Dunbar and the piano solo by Mrs.
George Houser was greatly enjoyed.
After a brief business session, the
following officers were elected for
the ensuing year: President. Mrs.
Charles See; vice president, Mrs.
w. F. Bielefeld; secretary. Mrs.
William Foss; assistant secretary.
Mrs. E. L. Eggers; treasurer, Mrs
Elmer Summerhays: pianist. Mrs ].
A. Molsbergcr, and reporter. Mrs.
Henry Hechler
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

Clayton Seeley has been selected
by the coach and the faculty com
mittee of the Industrial high school
to play the title role of Clarence in
the senior class play of that name,
His part is that Of an ex-soldier
who could drive mules without
learning to swear" and his chief
concern in the drama is the straigh-
tening out of the difficulties in the
Wheeler family.
The heroine Of the story, Violet
Pinny the pretty young governess
of the Wheeler daughter. will be
played by Esther Cooper. Mildred
Mote and Paul Smith have been sell
ected - portray Cora and Baby, the
Wheeler children whose love affairs
complicate the action of the plot.
Herbert Bieler is the worried father
and Irene Berry. the jealous step
mother. Herbert Stein. the debonair
widower is the part intrusted to
Louis Carnovitz. Lydia Klitzke is
TO play Mrs. Martyrs. Mr. Wheel
er's confidential secretary. Mar
garet ellison and Henry Eggers have
splendid opportunities to do some
excellent wcSk in the humorous
parts of Della and Qinwiddie the
maid and butler, respectively.
The faculty committee and the
coach selected group of twenty
seniors from the first try-outs
From these the present capable cast
was chosen. The cast under the dir
ection Of Miss McAleer is hard at
work and finished product for June
9th is promised.
Two performances fthe play will
be given. one a matinee on Thursday,
June Sth. at 400 o'clock. for the
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

Mrs. H. L. Wilhelm of Park Place
has been very i'll for the past two
weeks. Her mother. Mrs. William
Weir OF Rochester, Indiana, was
called to the bedside. Mrs. Wilhelm
is slowly improving,
Miss Florence Lesson of DePauw
University came today to spend the
summer vacation with her parents,
Park.
A very pleasing program was
given Thursday evening in the Irv-
Ing school auditorium by the IA
cass. This class had complete
charge of the program and handled
it admirable. The chorus and or
chestra acquitted themselves with
credit Miss Maude McCready of
the Hammond Musical College was
the skilful accompanist and also
delighted her audience by playing
two solos. Special numbers given
by Elva Smith. HILBERT Young.
Gladys King and Lester Gullickson
were much enjoyed The dances
given by the "A class were excel
lent and Miss Maxwell. the in
structor. deserved much credit for
the splendid work and beautiful
costumes.
Mrs. Harley Lightly OF Van Buren,
street was called to Belmore, Ohio,
70 ha
passing away of her cousin.
Mrs. c. G.. Holman charminEiy
entertained the ladies of the Mar
quette Club at luncheon yesterday
in her home on Mason street. Five
small tables were very daintily ap-
pointed and there were lovely bou-
quets of pink roses. A delicious
course luncheon was served after
which bridge was played and the
honors made by Mrs. w. G. Paxton
and Mrs. Peter Crumpacker. Guests
for the afternoon were Mrs. r. H
McHie. Mrs. S. A. Bell and Mrs, Otto
Knoerzer. The club adjourned for
the summer, to meet again the sec
ond Friday in September
Members of the History Commit
tee of the Hammond Woman's Club
who have cars are requested to
carry as many members al possible
to Phil Smidt's on Monday for the
annual fish dinner. Those who
have no means of conveyance are
asked to meet at the Four Corners
IS = AZ To e a
restaurant.
Mrs. John Hughey OF Kenwood
avenue announces the engagement
of her daughter. Eleanor Meyer. to
Glen Dunsmore Of Rock Island. Illi-
nois. The wedding will occur the
ffteenth OF July.
The Rev. Frank Malinsky and
family of Ayton. Ontario, Canada
are visitors of Rev. and Mrs. W. F.
Lichtsinn at the Lutheran parson-
age on Clinton street.
A meeting of the Lake County |
Humane Society will be held on |
Monday evening at seven forty-five |
o CLOCK III the central SCAOpl DQllQ-
ing. A large attendance is urgent !
ly requested.
Rabbi and Mrs. julius Rappaport |
will receive at their home, 249 High |
land street. in the afternoon and |
evening of Sunday, June the fourth. !
in honor Of their daughter. Diana |
Henriette, who recently became the !
bride of Maurice B. Cohen.
Mrs. Edward W. Higgins and in |
FAINT son OF Cleveland. Ohio. are ex-
pected today to spend some time |
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03
NOTICE IND. HARBOR
BELT SHOP MEN

There will be a meeting of the
six shop crafts of the Indiana Har-
bod Belt Railroad in Room / Ham
mond Labor Temple. Sunday after
noon. June 4, at 23n. This meet
ing Is very important a it is the
last chance for those who have not
hled with the committee the amount
OF back pay due them from the In
diana Harbor Railroad as per De-
cision 982 Of the U. s. Railroad
Labor Board. Each individual will
have to file his own case with the
committee. Mr.. ]. F. McGrath. vice
president of the Railway Employees
Department eff the American FEEDER
alton of Labor. will deliver an adj
dress,
W. NJ. KNIGHT. Sec.
Indiana Harbor Belt Fed. No. "A.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

this is ten cents for children and
twenty-five cents for those parents
who cannot attend the regular per-
formance. The Irving and Central
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03
|Is{I|k|yy|||
MILLs-BusER WEDDING

A pretty wedding was quietly
solemnized last Monday evening
when Miss NJ. Della Mills became
the bride OF Myron w. Buser. The
ceremony was performed by the
Rev. J. Clark Granger of the First
Baptist Church in his residence on
Detroit street. The bride was at
tractively attired in dark tailleur
OF tricotine with a small toque and
she carried sweetheart roses and
valley lilies There were no at
tendants.
Both young people are very popu-
lar and their many friends wish
them abundant happiness and good
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

school orchestra viii furnish
music. This is the first time a
of more than one act will be
scented in the new high school
torium.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

school orchestras will play.
The regular evening Performance is
scheduled for Friday night at 500.
All seats are reserved and are
thirty-ive and fifty cents. The high
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03
Hammond
Musical College.

For the study OF music in all its
branches. Phone 1923. Sd
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

with her parents. NJ and Mrs ]. j.
Ruff of Carroll street
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03
live LOCAL
NEWS ADS"
WASSEY'S PLEATING
SHOP

81 STATE STREET
Hemstitch with Gold aud silver
Thread, also match all colors. But
ton Holes, Buttons Covered. EN-
broiderfing, Brniding, beading.
Phone Hammond 40 2-7-tf
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03

All members OF Golden Rod Camp
1857 Royal Neighbors are requested
ito meet at the entrance of Oak
Hill cemetery at o'clock tomor-
row afternoon to conduct memorial
service. 6-s
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-06-03
MASONIC NOTICE

hASONIt NOilt II
Hammond Commandery No. II X.
T. will hold stated conclave Mon
day evening. June 5th. opening at
$50 o'clock Order Of the Temple
will be conferred. Members urged
to attend.
6-3-2t W. E. STATESMAN. E. c.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1922-09-02

diately entered business for himself
at West Point, Miss. Thomas Jones
states in letter to the vocational Off
Ger at Tuskegee Institute that his first
months work netted him $l20.
Another trainee who is also making
good is George Burkes of Woodville,
Miss. whose previous vocational ex-
perience was that OF a farm laborer.
His education consisted of two years
of grade school He entered training
at Tuskegee in September, 1919, with
the objective OF creamery worker and
dairyman and he completed his course
in MAY, 1922 This veteran is now em-
p1oyed with large creamery company
at Louisville, Ky. His record at Tusk-
agee Institute indicates that he is we'll
qualified to earn living at this voca-
ton.
Another successful case of rehabili
tation is Eugene Gibson, whose pre-
vious vocational experience was that OF
a farm laborer. He entered training
in July, 1919, at Tuskegee Institute
with the training objective as carpen-
ter. He also took elementary subjects
in addition TO his trade work as he was
illterate. Since rehabilita-
ton he has been employed as a car
penter by a contractor and is now re-
ceiving SOC per hour for 10-hour day.
These cases mentioned are typical eX--
amples of what can be accomplished
by conscientious students who take
advantage of their vocational training.
Not all of these colored ex-service men |
are in training in trades, however. as
a large number of them are receiving |
training in agriculture, commerce and |
the professions. A number of these |
trainees have been rehabilitated in
agriculture and are now conducting
their own farms or are employed as
skilled farm laborers and dairymen.
There are 90 disabled men in train
ing in the different trades at the Tusk-
lgee Institute. One of the big prob
ems has been in training a veteran
who is lacking in the required educa-
ional qualifications. Many of the
rainees who are taking up trades. are
practically illiterate. Tuskegee Institute
eauires that all regular students must
lave reached the 9th grade before they
an begin trade or vocational training.
'hus the Veterans Bureau trainees due
o the fact that they are accepted in
his practically illiterate condition
must be handled and grouped sep :
rate1v to be instructed along prac-
ical lines. They are also given GER
ain amount of elementary education
nd shop mathematics so as to meet
he requirements OF their trade.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1922-09-02

LOST = One Stock Certificate of
The Liberty Life insurance Co.,
bearing the number 756. Anyone
finding same will communicate
with The Liberty Life Insurance
Co., 35th and Grand Blvd, Chica-
go, III.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1922-09-02

LANDS AND RESORTS-Close to
beautiful lake in Michigan (near
Idlewild). Limited number of 21a,
5 and 10 acre lots, only $4,000 to
$4,000; very easy terms. Won
derful sumemr resort; also suit
able for poultry, truck, fruit rails
ing; near town and main line rail
road. Some splendid locations now
available. Write for further in
formation. Address, Box so, Chi
cago Whip, Chicago, Illinois.