davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-05-22
The Primaries.

A question of the hour interesting
to both parties is, will the primaries
leave sting-such a sting as will pre-
vent harmonious action in November?
Some of them are being conducted
with considerable animation, to use a
mild word. That in Missouri for an
instance. The fight for and against
Mr.. Reed is fierce to a degree, and is
filing the republicans with hope.
The one in Indiana and the one in
Pennsylvania developed the republic
ans in their best battle form. In both
states the candidates contested every
inch Of the way.
But no untoward results are pre-
dicted or expected. In Indiana Mr..
New promptly saluted his successful
competitor for the senatorial nomina-
-ion, and will pull for him in the
campaign for election. In Pennsyl-
vania Mr.. Pinchot received pleasant
greetings from his unsuccessful COM
petitor, and is counting on support
from that quarter.
The Presidents attitude is an
nounced. and is in keeping with his
record as a party man. He will sup
port the republican nominees in every
state. He is hands off in the pri-
maries, but after the standard bearers
have been named he will give them
the benefit of his approval.
The situation calls for as much har-
mony as can be mustered. A battle
royal is on. THE tumult and the
shouting" will soon be intense. The
order to close ranks and go forward
Is the order of the day, and the cap
tains are demanding obedience of the
rank and file. Will they be obeyed?
Evening star., 1922-05-22

with pistols. thus preventing them
from gaining safety. This. If proved,
should lead to punishment.
Sea collisions are rare, but they oc-
cur often enough to suggest that mod
ern ship construction is not yet ade.
quate. A ship that will fill and sink in
twenty minutes after being rammed
by another is but a frail vessel at
best. Watertight compartments are
apparently Of no avail. Collision bulk
heads seemingly do not operate. When
the Titanic hit an iceberg and stove in
her shell she sank 80 quickly that
1903 were drowned and only 7O3 were
saved, a loss of more than two-thirds
of the ships company. Yet she was
supposed to be fitted with the most
efficient devices against disaster.
Wireless equipment has seemingly
not reduced the collision danger. 1t
will be important to get the full story
OF the loss Of the Egypt, and to see
whether the close presence of the
steamer Seine was known by radio, or
otherwise. If she was known to be in
the vicinity there was reason for the
utmost precaution on both sides. Ap-
parently navigators continue to take
chances, and it would seem as though
there were some lack of caution in
this case.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Inventions Evolved During War
A Boon to Peace-Time Shipping

I a sufficient angle between them. It is
necessary to have more than thirty
degree angle for the reason that an
| angle sharper than this does not give
a good "fix." After the navigator OBJ
tains the bearings given him from the
he works out the Ak on his own chart.
However, while the latter practice
has been much used. on account OF
the slowness with which shtpown-
ers undertook the installation OF
direction finders on their ships, many
of the American owned ships are now
being equipped with the compasses.
It has been given numerous tests by
the government experts, ana mas been
found to be more accurate than the
son that the ship compasses have
been found to vary any number OF de-
grees when near iron and steel buoys.
These have no effect on the radio
compass. For the protection OF their
own property. they are adopting the
instruments.
The responsibility for the safety of
the ship should always rest with the
navigator. but this is to some extent
shifted when the bearings are taken
from tho shore stations instead Of
from the ships. With the greater use
Of these direction finders, ship own
ers have begun to realize that only by
their installation on their ships can
they then hold the navigator. to his
responsibility. and at a recent meet
ing in New York OF q number OF ship
owners. they agreed that this was the
| only proper method, and that they
should supply their navigators with
every possible instrument known to
AnfA IL ~t1 <H4v % h~fv,
their ships safely into port.
The use OF the radio compass was
one of the developments of the war.
It was developed about the time the
United States entered the conflict.
and the little vessels which went
marine danger zones were equipped
with them. Many q German sub
marine which was sunk or captured
during the ceaseless vigil which these
little vessels kept in this zone in order
to make the steamer lanes safer fo-
troops to the theater Of war can
chalk its defeat up directly to this
little instrument Of American pro-
duction.
4 ~
Tho submarines would venture up
at night and send wireless messages
to their headquarters or among
themselves. However, the patrol
ships. travelling in groups, were ever
alert. and there was not a minute Of
the day or night that q wireless
operator did not have the head re-
ceivers pressing to his ears. A Ger
man signal would be detected. Tho
operator would get its bearing. An
other operator in another squadron
Nf ha ~ = %,
get its bearing. The navigator would
get fix and the location of the
submarine would be accurately de-
termined. Then both groups would
start out for him. and in many cases
within a few hours he was wonder
ing how the Americans had located
him. Now that the war is over, the
government experts have made known
their discovery with a view to aiding
in the saving of millions Of dollars
a year in ship losses through mis-
takes Of navigators in approaching
q coast in thick weather
Evening star., 1922-05-22

have been made to Bulgaria from Mos
cow virtually demanding the expul-
sion Of the Wrangel forces, and it is
declared that recently at Genoa
Tchitcherin, the Russian delegate, and
Stamboulisky, the Bulgarian premier,
reached an agreement that If Wran-
gels troops were expelled Stambouli-
sky would have the support Of the en-
tire Bulgarian communist element.
A development Of Importance is an
order issued by the ambassadors
council that the Bulgarian govern
ment proceed Immediately with the
disarmament Of the Wrangel troops
and the dissolution of their military
organization. These troops were ac-
cused Of plotting with the bourgeoise
parties to overturn Stamboulisky.
Thus the council Of ambassadors
moves in effect to the same end as the
alleged Russian influence, but not in
the same degree. Tchitcherin would
have Stamboulisky expel the Wran.
gelites. whereas the council would
have him merely disarm them. Tchi-
tcherin would promote q communist
government at Sofia, whereas, Of
course, the council has no wish to
that end.
A communist government at Sofia,
especially II established under the
patronage, so to speak, Of Moscow,
would be danger element. 1t would
open up Bulgaria for unresisted occu-
patton by soviet forces in case of an
aggressive Russian move. Therefore,
it is to be hoped sincerely that there
has been no such overturn as that
which some Of the reports indicate.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and virginia.
Lower Freight Rates.

II President Harding's negotiations
with the railway executives work
out in a voluntary lowering of trans
Dortation charges on basic commodi-
ties, big and necessary step will have
been taken toward the restoration of
full prosperity. The proposal that
such reductions shall be made with
out waiting for the Interstate Com
merce Commission to order them orig
mated with the President and Secre-
tary Hoover as the result Of broad
and impartial survey of the industrial
situation, and acceptance of the sug-
gestion by the railway executives is a
recognition of the fact that the we'll
being of the railroads and the bust
nesses they serve is SO intertwined
that one cannot prosper while the
other Ianguishes.
The business Of railroading, like any
other business, is best off when it is
working at maximum capacity, and
like any other business it cannot work
at maximum capacity when its
charges are SO high that its customers
cannot afford to buy of it. If freight
charges are lowered on coal. ore, steel,
sarm products and other heavy, low
priced raw materials the benefits will
be felt all down the line, and the rail-
roads will not be the last to profit by
them. Wheels now idle-both in mills
and under freight cars and locomo-
tives-will begin to turn; more people
will be earning money with which to
buy and the lower prices will stimu-
late buying. The evil Of curtailed
consumption because Of high prices
will be on its way to . cure, and the
filling up of depleted stocks, both on
merchants shelves and in the hands
OF consumers, will hasten the day
when everybody will be busy, and,
therefore, happy.
In the past. with few exceptions
TO the rule, increases and reductions
IN freight rates have been on a hori-
zontal scale, lightweight, highly fin
!shed products taking the same per-
centage of increase or decrease as
bulky and relatively cheap materials.
The idea that there should be rate
fixing discrimination between raw ma
terials and finished products, first ad-
vanced by Secretary Hoover in state
ment before the Interstate Commerce
Commission, is a revolution in the
theory of ratemaking, but in these
postwar days we are accepting great
many new economic doctrines, and
that this one is sound would seem to
be evidenced by the fact that the rail-
20 It.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Anglers which have beset
shipping approaching the

N Anglers which have beset
shipping approaching the
coast for years now are
lessened by one Of the great
est instruments ever developed by tho
United States bureau Of standards,
the great testing laboratory here Of
the federal government. Millions and
millions of dollars in ships, to say
nothing of the lives Of people. have
been lost on the coast because of mis-
calculation during fog.
The radio compass. or. more proper
ly, the radio direction finder. develop
creasing the safety Of ships as they
now approach the coast In thick
weather. Many people have been led
to believe. because it has been called
compass. that 1t has magnetic
needle which Immediately points in
which signal is coming. This Is
wrong. In the wireless shack or the
navigators cabin on a ship Is placed
compass card graduated into $50 de-
grees. A dial on a long bar leads up
through the roof of the shack to q
wireless loop, which is series OF
wires strung around a frame. some-
thing like the loop aerials now used
by many of the radiphone amateurs IN
their receiving stations.
4 X X
Now, when the navigator Is ap-
preaching a coast he examines his
chart to ascertain where the big
coastal wireless stations are located.
Picking two in the same general vi
cinity with an angle of more than
thirty degrees apart, he has the Wife
less operator send in a request sor a
signal. The wireless station. respond
ing. the operator listens in, and grad
ually turns the handle which moves
the dial over the compass card until
he hoars the signal the strongest. He
reads the bearing and gives 1t to the
operator. Immediately he requests a
signal from the other station and. OBJ
tanning this bearing. he lays tho two
down on the photographic chart, and
draws two long lines from the two
wireless stations shown on the chart
until they cross.
This gives him a INK" and where the
two lines intersect Is his position.
The navigator can begin to take bear
ings miles of the coast, and keep
them up until he gets in sight of a
lighthouse. Where he formerly trav-
eled in tho dark. groping his way
through the heavy togs on soundings.
now he can be certain.
Every ship should be equipped with
these instruments, for they may save
their cost many times over by saw
ing the ship, the valuable cargo and
the invaluable lives. However. the
United States government maintains
on shore all along the coast of the
country radio compass stations. These
are for use of those ships which have
not yet had installed the direction
finder. Instead of the navigator fix
Ing his position, in this case his bear
Ing is given him from the shore.
Whenever a ship is approaching the
coast it locates two stations as be-
fore. But instead Of just asking for
a wireless signal, it requests the radio
compass operators to take their sig
nails and give the bearings. This is
done with two stations as before. with
Evening star., 1922-05-22
A Sea Disaster.

The loss of the steamship Egypt off
the coast Of Finisterre, with ninety
eight persons missing and 242 saved,
ts the worst disaster of the sea since
the close of the great war. 1t is, in
deed, the worst for number Of years
outside Of those directly connected
with the conflict. The Egypt was
rammed by a French steamer in a
dense fog. The waters of Finisterre
are thickly occupied by ships, as that
is the "lane" Of travel along the coast
to and from the Mediterranean. The
heavy loss Of life was due to the
rapidity with which the steamer sank.
the Egypt lasting only twenty minutes
after the collision. Furthermore, there
were confusion and lack Of discipline
on the part Of the crsw. The drivers
- Z
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Bulgaria.

Confusing reports come from Bull
garia respecting conditions. One is to
the effect that revolution has oc-
Cured and that the king Is in flight,
the premier, Stamboulisky, setting up
a peasant-agrarian republic. On the
other hand, 1t is stated positively from
apparently dependable sources that
there has been no revolution, the Bull
garian legation at Paris categorically
denying the report Of an overturn and
saying that complete calm remains
throughout the whole country"
Conditions in Bulgaria, plainly,
are by no means stable. The ministry
is representative Of a liberal majority,
with communist inclinations. The
presence in Bulgaria Of a large num-
Der Of Wrangel's former followers is
q disturbing element. These Russians
have been accused Of planning q re-
neal a. fho nt&npk upon the bo1she-
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Brave Men on Duty.

In these days OF war heroes brav-
cry medals and Carnegie awards, Ex-
press Messenger Steward of the Rock
Island Railway should not be over
looked. He was confronted by eight
bandits who held UP the Golden State
limited at Tucson. Ariz. Instead of
permitting the robbers to loot his car
of the treasures. he gave battle, killed
one, wounded another. and put the
rest Of the hold-up men to rout 1t
was q combination of courage and
quickness of thought. always most
formidable when put to a test 1t is
the man who counts. and Messenger
Steward has secured place among
brave men. and should be remem-
bered.
Then, too. there is Engineer John
Cotter Of the Erie. A baby girl was
on the track. He applied the emer-
gancy brakes. clambered from cab
to cow-catcher, snatched the child
from the grinding wheels, and re-
stored her to her mother. This was
not a dare devil movie stunt but the
performance of a duty as it came in
his days work. The railroad had
the right kind of man in the ex-
press car, and the railroad had the
right kind OF man in the engine
cab. All honor to both of them
Boston Post
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Challenging the Old Parties.

The socialists are alert, and an
nounce an ambitious program. They
will nominate candidate for Con-
gress in every district in the country.
This shows two things. The first
thing is that they are willing to stand
up and be counted. They have been
boasting Of their strength of late. and
how rapidly it has grown in states
where few years ago they had OBJ
tanned only a footho!d.
The second thing is that they are
well provided with funds. Campaign
ing is expensive these days. Both old
devices and new devices for attracting
and holding public attention for politi-
cal projects come high. The old parties
find it difficult to raise the wind. Who
puts up for the socialists?
The socialists assert that both of the
old parties have failed. They condemn
the democratic party on the score Of
the mess it bequeathed to the repub-
lican party at the close Of the second
Wilson administration, and they con-
denim the republican party for its fail
ure to clean up that mess in the first
year of its control Of the country.
And so the socialists appeal to the
people. TRY US. The old instruments
are played out. If reform is to be ac-
complished it must be through a new
instrument, and ours is the best avail
able
Familiar names are among those
carrying the announcement. Morris
Hillquit, Victor Berger, Meyer London
and Seymour Stedman are men widely
known for their criticism of the old,
the present, order in America, and for
new order they would put in its
place. They will have opportunity and
be expected now to give full particu-
lars.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
The Old Dominion.

The Virginia republicans announce
a purpose to nominate a candidate for
representative in each congressional
district this year, and also a candidate
for United States senator.
1t will be no more than a gesture.
They have not chance except in the
ninth district. Even in 1920. when the
republican wave rolled high elsewhere.
the Virginia democrats had sixty
thousand the best Of the poll. Last
year they elected their state ticket by
a record majority.
Still, the gesture will be worth
while. The republican organization,
though small and ineffective, should
be kept up. There should be discus
sion at least of current issues through
out the state, and opportunity afford
ed voters, even if it goes un:mproved.
to plump for republican policies and
candidates.
An experiment was made In the Old
Dominion last year which attracted
much attention. The white republic
ans put the colored republicans on the
black list, so to say. Their state con-
vention was a white affair. The col
ored contingent Of the party was ex-
cluded. The result was two republican
state tickets-the lily whites" and
the lilly blacks"-and an easy demo-
cratic victory over divided opposi-
ton.
There may be hangover this year
Of that maneuver. Even so, an appeal
should be made in the name Of the re-
publican party, and its record in ma
tional affairs set before the people Of
the state for their yea or nay.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
The Exchanging World.

The Unchanging World.
Things do not change as much as
folks
Would have us all believe.
We're laughing at the same old jokes.
The same old sorrows grieve.
The same old sunshine lights the May
With its reviving gleam.
The world resumes the same old play
And dreams the same old dream.
Youth smiles to youth, just as Of yore.
Old age to avarice clings.
Men talk of peace, and as before
Each year the war threat brings.
We modify life's outward show
By change Of form and name
And yet down in our hearts we know
The world is still the same.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
EDITORIAL DIGEST

Of agreement and settlement will al
most inevitably involve"
Russia was entirely right in insist
Ing that 1T be represented in any con-
ferences at Genoa or anywhere else,
in the opinion of the Fort Wayne
Journa1-Gazette. which points out
that Russia Is not China. and Is not
apt to become anything like China
Soviet diplomacy almost looks good
compared with that of some Of the
nations that are outraged because Of
sOyietism"
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Lenin and Trotsky have succeeded
In demonstrating that there are at
least two jobs in Russia which are in
no danger Of being affected by gen.
eral conditions Of unemployment.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

The success Of Beveridge in Indiana
and Pinchot In Pennsylvania suggests
that the old republican elephant is
again beginning to make a noise like
a bull moose.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Political conditions in Ireland are
@ trifie slow in adjustment. owing to
the presence of too many irreconcil-
ebles, one way or another.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

There are statesmen who suspect
that Lloyd George is going to get his
much-needed vacation whether he de-
mands it or not.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Uncle Sam is not so aloof as to be
unable to study the European situation
for purposes of intelligent and helpful
investment.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

The ideal Investigation calls for>
neither a muck rake, nor a white
wash brush.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Motion picture stars continue to
demonstrate from time to time that
wealth does not insure domestic hap
piness.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Like simplified spelling. daylight
saving would be easy enough, if 1t
were not for certain long-established
habits OF the human mind.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Uncle Sans so.called aloofness may
be due to the fact that he has never
learned the games that European con-
ferences insist on playing.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Notable Changes.

HAS the feminine vote made any
difference in politics out your way?"
"a great DEAL" replied Senator Sor-
ghum. 1.-THE oratory is not as bril-
liant as it used to be, but the
heckling is a great deal more artis-
tic"
Evening star., 1922-05-22

An element Of weakness in the
Russ German pact is a lack of finan-
cial backing.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

The war cloud so persistently hover
ing over Europe is still regarded as
due to shady politics.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Jud Tunkins says the fact that peo-
pie don't appreciate beauty is shown
by the way the crowd at circus
neglects the graceful fawn and hangs
around the hippopotamus.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Experts To Watch Short Skirts" "
says q headline. It surely doesn't
need an expert to do that.-Spring-
field News.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Too many aliens come out Of the
melting pot quite irreparably hard
boiled.-St. Paul Pioneer Press.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Since washing dishes makes the
hands red. it's pity you can't wash
dishes with your face.-Burlington
News.
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Romance of the Fields.

Maud Muller used to rake the hay.
She was a charming actor.
She would not do such work today.
Shed buy herself a tractor.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Sometimes 1t looks as II they tax
Fort Smith Southwest American.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Edgar Allen Poe beat Gladiator at
the Jamaica dong Island) race track
which proves that, the pen Is still
Citizen Patriot
Evening star., 1922-05-22
Land and Letters.

'You can't come into this building" +"
You're a book agent"
I'm not" protested the visitor.
I'm a literator. If g. man who sells
houses is 'realtor' 2 man who sells
books has perfect right to be known
as 'literator.'"
.'In dem old times" said Uncle Rben.
when everybody worked fum sum
up - alndqwn. daF wssAs my time
Evening star., 1922-05-22

If one wanted to be impertinent,
one might ask who put the con in
Conan.-To1edo Blade.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

Thsss balance Of trade reports
cxericok 3 osaa dt he most important
sftASnA nA4sl4e&Nx4 - keaintn =. A1EAAAAA
Evening star., 1922-05-22
A Futile Experiment.

Tho young couple from Boston who
are going into the Maine woods for
six weeks to prove that a man and
woman can exist on their own re-
sources without any of the aids of
civilization will have plenty of ad-
venture. some of 1t no doubt dis
agreeable. Apparently. the difficult
problem will be to provide themselves
with clothes. Shelter may be readily
found, fire Is doubtless as easily pro-
curable by means Of forked sticks
rubbed together as 1t has been since
primeval times. and there need be no
lack Of berries and grains for food
pending the development of skill in
trapping game and catching fish. De-
vising suitable garments for protec-
tion against cold and rain may not be
so easy.
What will the experiment prove.
and what contribution will 1t make to
human knowledge? AS romance
based on fact, it will not necessarily
be more interesting than a purely
Intentional account of such an ad-
venture written by an author with a
would be more to the point to show
how a young couple can live COM
fortably and nationally with the re-
sources of civilization on what Mas
sachusetts' commissions fix as liv-
ing wage.-New Yorw World.
The fear Is that the millennium may
beat normalcy to it.-Asheville Times.
About the greenest thing in most
gardens just now is the gardener
Watertown IN. " STANDARD.
If one wanted to be impertinent.
one might ask who put the con in
Evening star., 1922-05-22

About the greenest thing In most
gardens just now is the gardener
Watertown IN. " STANDARD.
Evening star., 1922-05-22

The fear Is that the millennium may
beat normalcy to it.-Asheville Times.