Evening star., 1922-11-21
ALL|ESFACE TEST
OF THEIR PLEDGES
Lausanne Conference Gets
Down to Making Peace
With Turk.
MOSLEMS LESS CERTAIN
OF UNFOLDING PROGRAM
Feeling Growing That They May
Abandon Efforts to Cause Ma
tions to Quarrel.


LAUSANNE. November 24.-RIeh-
ard Wnshburn Child. American
ambassador to Italy, explained Mt
the plenary session of the near
Z east peace conference today the
pufltfon iof the observers for the
United States. America. he stated.
was much interested In the near
enxtern settlement. md its oh.
servers would attend the meetings
and join In the discussions. but
were not authorized to be mem-
hers of commissions, to sign re-
ports or to vote ON the decisions.
LAUSANNE, November 21.-Dele-
gates to the Lausanne conference,
with the preliminary oratory concern
ing the close relations Of Great Britain
ain. France and Italy behind them.
faced this morning the real test of
the strength Of the ties which spokes-
men for the three powers have In
sisted existed among them.
The conference meets in private
session today for purposes Of organ
ization and to start the actual work
Of making peace with the Turks. For
centuries Turkey has been able to
protect herself by getting European
nations to quarrel among themselves
over near eastern questions. The RI
valry Of France. Italy and Great
Britain for supremacy in the levant
has been the protection of weak sui
tans In the past, and 1t remains to be
seen whether it will also be of serv-
ice to Mustapha Kemal Pasha and his
Angora associates.
Turks Less Confident.
Ismet Pasha and his associates Of
the Turkish delegation to the con-
ference appear less confident than
when they arrived, and the feeling is
growing that they will reduce their
program materially in the hope of
restoring peace and re-establishing
trade relations with the outside
world. It is becoming evident that
they are beginning to realize that 1t
was Greece and not the great pow,
ers Of Europe which they defeated
in their recent successful campaign
Richard Washburn Child. American
ambassador to Italy. and Joseph c.
Grew. American minister TO switzer.
land, who are acting as observers at
the near east conference, conferred
with Premier Poincare of France at
the Palace Hotel this morning.
Seek Other viewpointj.
The American representatives. 1t is
learned, have not confined their pre-
liminary conferences to France, but in
a desire to learn the viewpoints OF the
other leading nations and proceed in
general spirit of understanding, they
conferred also with Lord Curzon, the
British foreign secretary. and Premier
Mussolini of Italy.
DR.. Fridtjof .Nansen is in Lausanne
in an effort to persuade conference
delegates to include in the prospective
treaty with Turkey guarantees for the
protection Of Greeks and Armenians
in Turkish territory, framed in such
definite terms that the refugee situa-
ton in the near east will not be
further aggravated.
Nothing Left for Greeks.
unless the minorities in Asia Minor
are protected through the efforts Of
the Lausanne conference" DR.. Nansen
said. there seems to be nothing left
for the unfortunate Greeks and Ar
menians. Greece has magnanimously
received both Greek AMI Armenian
refugees up to the full point of its
ability and they are being supported
through American charity and the
contributions Of European countries
"Bulgaria has received all the refu-
gees she can be expected to take care
Of. Charity cannot support these hun
dreds of thousands Of unfortunates
Indefinitely The Turks have not al
lowed males between eighteen and
forty-five to leave, consequently the
refugees are chiefly women and chill
dren and old mon unfit for farm
work."
DR.. Hansen said that in his opinion
the Lausanne conference should pro-
vide for the exchange Of Turks In