davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-03-05
BY N. O. MESSENGER.

~ RESIDENT HARDING launched the mer-
- chant marine bill in the presence of the
assembled Congress. and now it rides at
anchor just out of the fairway, waiting
for the finishing touches to be Put on it by the
House and Senate. 1t is rather awe-inspring
hull as it looms to the legislative view and needs
much of joiner work. machine fitting and AL
that before it can get under way.
Praises be if barnaces don't grow on it be-
fore it gets steam up.
X x X X
Looking down from the press gallery while
the President addressed the master-workmen
who are to finish the job he and the Shipping
Board have started, one was impressed by the
seriousness of their manner they listened to
his utterances You could tell it sub
ject to some of them and no dsparagement of
them at that-all that talk about tonnage, and
rates, and custom dues, and speed in knots, and
SO on.
The President talked in terms of millions,
which did not dismay his listeners: they
accustomed to that now. A million dollars is
mere bagatelle to the men who expect to parcel
out three billions and more in regular appro-
priatiPns
Queer it is how the word subsidy" CRATES
on the of the average congressman.
There seems to him to be something sinister in
the sound of it, In the sense in which it is
applied to the project under way it ought to be
harmless enough, yet 1t is certainty that the
unfriends of the undertaking will ring the
changes of Subsidy" until it will assume hor-
rife proportions in the interior districts.
And in the very same week in which the
merchant marine bill was presented to Congress
there met at the capital the National Rivers and
Harbors Congress. whose major proposition
der discussion was the construction of the st.
Lawrence ship channel, to connect the great
lakes with the Atlantic ocean. 1t was urged by
from the Mississippi valley. the very heart
of the interior, it's objective being to float
great fleet of carriers by water.
The question might we'll be asked why go to
the expense of providing waterway if pro-
vision is not made for vessels to use it, and Il
is a primary proposition of the simplest that
some means must be adopted to aid the
chant marine 1t cannot exist.
x x X
United States Senator Ransdell of Louisiana.
who is president of the National Merchant
Marine Association and greatly interested in
waterway development addressing a meeting
of the association last Friday, took cognZance
of the sometime unpopularity of subsidies, and
pointed out in what particular the pending plan
differs from former suggestions for merchant
Evening star., 1922-03-05

| - Iations with Germany not only
reopens page of tragic
a history, but presents impor-
tant problems for solution.
| February and 3, 1917. witnessed
| exciting, nay tragic. events in wash
inston. Germany had definitely
! threatened to resume her ruthless
| submarine warfare against all ships
! found in the restricted ocean area.
The lives and property of American
citizens, from the hour when the
Lusitania was Summarized to the last
similar outrage. had been destroyed
by the German undersea pirate.
] Germany's attitude precipitated a
| clash. The submarine situation
| swept on, and every hour meant a
| nearer approach to break, which
! everybody knew meant war. The
| clash was only a matter of time, per-
] haps hours. The challenge to the
honor of the United States had to be
met.
| On the night of February Presi-
/ dent Wilson held a conference with
| his cabinet and fifteen democratic
| senators. To the senators the execu-
tive said: Gentlemen. I have come
| to exchange views" An hour later
| q newspaper man asked: MIR. Presi-
dent, what will be done?" The Presi-
dent replied: "That depends on how 1
! feel in the morning"
Early on the morning of February
| 3, 1917, the executive decision was
|. made-the die was cast. President
Wilson sent word to Congress that he
| had an important message to deliver
| to the two branches jointly assem-
| bled. That message, historic and
tragic, announced the break with
Germany After reciting the facts
leading to the decision. the President
| said: 81 have. therefore, directed the
| his excellency the German ambas-
| sador. that all diplomatic relations
between the United States and the
German empire are severed and
that the American ambassador at
Berlin will Immediately be with
drawn; and, in accordance with this
| decision, 1 have directed the State
Department to hand to his excellency
his passports. 1 cannot bring myself
| to believe that they (the German
| government) will indeed pay no re-
gard to the ancient friendship be-
tween their people and our own or
| to the solemn obligations which have
been exchanged between them and
destroy American ships and take the
lives of American citizens in the will
full prosecution of the ruthless naval
program they have announced their
i intention to adopt. Only overt acts
on their part can make me believe
it even now. We do not desire any
hostile conflict with the government
of Germany. God grant we may not
be challenged to defend American
rights from acts of willful injustice
on the part of Germany"
| r y u
| The scene in the House was mem
orable Congress and the nation
cheered the message to the echo. AM
bassador James W. Gerard, at Berlin
was ordered to return home, with his
STAFF. Later the diplomatic break
with Austria followed, and Fred c.
Evening star., 1922-03-05

commission, according to the terms
of the Versailles treaty, or not to
participate, as it shall elect. This
reservation may have an important
bearing on the final adjustment of all
property and other claims between
Germany, Austria and the United
States
Now that diplomatic and normal
commercial relations between Ger
many and Austria on the one hand and
the United States on the other have
been resumed, what is to be done with
the German and Austrian property
seized? What is to be the final dispo-
sition of the trusts? Obviously the
solution of the question rests with
Congress- In 1919 the alien property
custodian said: "All is available in
this office for use at such a time as
the claims of every person shall be
disposed of, according to the will of
Congress"
Long ago Germany sequestered all
American property in Germany and
liquidated or sold most of it to. Ger
man subjects. Practically none of it
ever will be returned to the owners, it
is said; but the American owners will
not be put by their own government
to the necessity Of seeking redress
from the German courts or Germa n
government in their claims for prop
erty taken during the war under Ger
man laws. They can rely on their own
government the United States. to take
tionalS.
The United States government. it is
said, will see that all American citi-
zens are properly reimbursed for their
losses. Each government will have
sufficient property belonging to enc
mics to provide for the claims of its
, own nationals. 1t is said that there
will be no confiscation, but each gov
ernment, will pay the claims of its own
people and have property Of enemies
with which to pay.
X K X X
1t is understood that treaty provi-
sions for the settlement of claims of
American citizens against Germany
and Austria lapsed some time ago, and
| that new diplomatic negotiations with
Germany and Austria may be neces-
sary to pave the way for settlement
By the terms Of the separate treaty
with Germany and Austria the United
States reserved the right to initiate
within ninety days, the creation OF
| mixed arbitral commission to consider
| claims arising out of the world war
The ninety days have elapsed and no
action has been taken.
! It is suggested that steps Will pc
taken again to create a JOINT COM
mission to settle these claims. This
must, be done by the State Depart
ment, probably with the consent OF
Congress, it is said. While the state
Department might negotiate a plan
of settlement, will not Congress have
the last say?
When Ambassador Hougheoh
reaches Berlin and gets firm grip
on the situation he will be the repre-
| sentative Of the State Department
and the American people to reach
| settlement. Five years have elapsed
since the United States entered the
war, but not until the appointment
and confirmation Of q new amoassa-
Continued on Third Page,)
Evening star., 1922-03-05

PenfieId. ambassador at Vienna, was
recalled. Count Bernstorf left
Washington February 3. for Hoboken,
where eleven days later he sailed
away from a patient and hospitable
country on the American-Scandina-
Wan steamer Frederick VIII.
For eight years he had represented
the German empire in the United
States. Departing with a retinue of
/ sixty people and scores of German
consuls in various American cities, he
thanked his friends and said: Il hope
that war may be averted and that the
close. friendly relations between the
United States and Germany will soon
be restored"
No whistles blew as the Frederick
VIII slowly steamed down the bag.
There was no dipping Of color except
on a few German and Austrian ves-
sells nearby. The flag of Denmark.
not of Germany, was dipped in re-
turn. 1t was silent farewell, as far
as America was concerned. On the
14th of March Bernstotff reached Ber-
lin. The tragedy of grim and cruel
war opened.
The purpose of this article is to
present, briefly, the commercial and
economic high spots arising out of
Americas entrance into the war.
trace the background of the picture
before which final peace was consum-
mated, and outline some of the finar-
cial and economic problems involved
in a resumption of diplomatic rela-
tions between Germany and Austria
on the one hand and the United States
on the other. A new ambassador to
Germany has been appointed and con-
firmed. Approximately five years will
/ have elapsed since the Diplomatic
break and the arrival of the new
American ambassador in Berlin.
Six months after war was declared
| it became necessary to stop all trade
/ and commerce with the central pow
ers and seize all enemy property in
, the United States. October 6, 1917,
the trading with -the-enemy act" was
passed. In section six of that law the
1 II
an alien property custodian "to re-
. ceive all money and property in the
| United States due or belonging to an
enemy, or ally of enemy. to hold, ad-
minister and account for the same"
Later the law was amended to permit
the custodian to sell the property.
This custodian was a common law
trustee clothed with power (through
the President) "to manage such prop
erty and do any act or things in re-
| spect thereof, or make any disposi-
ton thereof, or any part thereof by
sale or otherwise"
X X x X
Five bureaus were created-G) the
bureau of administration, (2) the
bureau of investigation, (3) the bur-
| eau of trusts, 4) the bureau of au-
dts, (5) the bureau of law. The law
| compelled all American citizens to
tnotify the custodian of all alienspro-
! perty in the United States of which
they had knowledge. During Decem-
Der, 1917, alone. $4,000 reports were
received. At the close of that month
the total alien property in the hands
of the custodian was $134.605, ,231-
cash. s33o.25o; stocks. S5a,ss4,7o&:
bonds. $25.547.o3s; mortgages, 3s,754.-
! 1856; notes receivable, $2.725,370; ac-
Evening star., 1922-03-05
Resumption of Relations With Germany
Brings Millions in War Claims Forward

counts receivable, $37.7s3.713; real
estate. $2,206.21s; net merchandise,
$s.323.197. In addition. there were
sixteen alien insurance companies
doing business in the United States,
and having gross assets Of $40,612.sS7.
At the close of 1917 there were 2s3
employees in the alien property Gus
todian's department., drawing sala-
ries amounting to $410.96s. At the
close Of December. 1919. there were
22,296 trusts with an aggregate value
of s502,945,724. This property was
distributed as follows: German
enemies, s326,s55 $50: Austrian enc
mics, ,$39.555,557; interned enemies,
S3,457.S9s; American enemies. s91,-
S66,053; other enemies, $40,371.354:
net income in Treasury from these
interests, ssSS,77o. At the end of
1921 there were $4,000 trusts valued
at approximately s750.0o0. .000-the
largest trust in the world. The ex-
pense of administering these trusts
up to February Is. 1919, was about
| 81, ,00O, ,000. Up to date the expense
has been about $1,S00,000.
During the war 1t was discovered
that the principal German investments
in this country were for the produc-
ton Of essentials for warfare. The
policy of the government was to turn
these investments into 100 per cent
capacity for government business.
Every device known to the law. as
we'll as many unknown to the law,
served the purpose of evading the
consequences of the war. These in
vestments were divided into two
classes: a. Private investments of
Germans in the United States. (2)
combined German capital in America.
When the "trading-with-t the enemy
act" was passed the exact or even
approximate, extent Of German in
dustry in the United States was not
| even dreamed of. Germany had q
tight Industrial grip on America "
| 1914.
The "trading-with- -the-enemy act
was in force until November IA
| 1921. The act stated that the "end
of the war shall be the date OF
proclamation of exchange Of ratifica'
| tions Of the treaty of peace, unless
the President shall by proclamation
declare a prior date, in which case
the date SO proclaimed shall be
deemed to be the end of the war
The separate treaty of peace with
Germany was ratified in Washington
] November IA, 1921. Section of the
proclamation recites that "all prop
| erty Of the imperial government, OF
it's successors, and of all German ma
tionals which has come into the pos
session of the United States, and alst
property of Austrian government oi
citizens, shall be retained by the
| United States, and no disposition
thereof made, except as shall have
been specifically provided by law, un.
til the German and Austrian citizens
shall have made suitable provision
for the satisfaction Of all claims
against Germany and Austria of all
| persons who owe allegiance to the
United States and who have suffered
through the acts Of Germany and
Austria This is the substance and
plain intention Of the proclamation
in the treaty. In the treaty proper
the United states reserves the rishA
to participate in the reputation
Evening star., 1922-03-05
Many Students Spurn
SIS Prize for Learning
Sermon on Mount
.ha Asuociated press

BY the Associated Press.
OBERLIN. Ohio. Mnrch A.
Five dollars for mcmOrizinE the
Sermon on the Mount did noS
prove to be sO.great mn induce-
mcnt for Oberiin College stu
dents as had been anticipated
by faculty m-mbers. Ont OF
about LOCO students. only :7J
took the examination. or this
number women pred0minated
and most OF them were self
supporting.
IL took the students Onr hour
and thirty minutes TO write the
I1o verses Of the sermon. Those
winning the award will be an.
nOunced In q few days.
Evening star., 1922-03-05

RY EDWARD NELSON DINGLEY.
$ s E e;
history, but presents impor-
Evening star., 1922-03-05

The scene in the House was mem
orable. Congress and the nation
cheered the message to the echo. Am
bassador James W. Gerard, at Berlin
was ordered to return home, with his
STAFF. Later the diplomatic break
with Austria followed, and Fred c.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1922-02-14
INCIDENTS IN SOCIETY

Mrs. Charles NJ. Cole of Newport, R L,
is the guest of Mrs. George W. Hamil-
ton.
Miss Marion Bishop has arrived from
Hartford for a weeks stay at her home
on Broadway.
Miss Sybil Palmer returned recently
from a brief visit at White Plains, n. Y,
and Summit, N. ].
Miss Elise Belcher and Miss Marguer-
lite Barr of Wdnchester Mass, are guests
of Miss Elizabeth F. Pullen.
Mrs. ]. Eldred Brown and Miss Doro-
thy Brown have been attending the mid
winter carnival at Dartmouth college.
Mrs. Allison Piper has returned to
Keene, N. H. after visiting her sister-in-
law, Mrs Benedict C. Pullen, of Lincoln
avenue
Mr.. and Mrs Carl Colt and son. Master
Charles Colt. have returned from a visit
in Baltimore and are guests of Mr.
Colts mother, Mrs. Charles NJ. Colt.
Miss Louise C. Howe, one of the trus-
tees, was a week end guest at Connecti-
cut college, being a patroness at the tea
| dance Saturday afternoon and at the
dance that evening, both given by the
| Service league.
| Mrs, Franklin T. Lord and little daugh-
| ter Helena. Who have been guests since
| ire holidays of Mrs. Lords parents. Mr.
and Mrs. George C. Preston. of Sachen
terrace, have left town for Captair
Lords new station at Fort Hunt, Vir.
| giGlia.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1922-02-14
BRIEF STATE NEWS

Canton.-Harold Humphrey. the man
who keeps the people cool with the best
ice cut on the ponds Of Canton Center, Is
to marry Miss Genevieve Stockwen. a
teacher in CollinsviIe High school. after
the close Of the school year.
AIiddletown-Notices were mailed 10 the
proprietors of the Middletown and Arri-
goni hotels, by Building Inspector Siyl-
creest, recently, requesting that they con-
form with the building code and provide
adequate re escapes on their property for
the protection Of their guests.
MiddIetown-The report Of the water
board shows that during the past year
the total daily average conumption was
12390O gallons, compared with 1887
600 gallons as the daily average in 1920.
During the entire year Middletown people
consumed about 452 ,235,0 600 gallons.
Deem Rfver-The band instruments
presented the new high school band by
Pratt. Read & Co. are now in use. The
gift is greatly appreciated by the mem
bers, as they are the best that could be
purchased. The band is making great
progress under the leadership Of Princi-
pal B. G. Tourville.
BristoI.-Mrs. L. D. waterhopse gave
a farewell luncheon at her home in honor
of Miss Florence Moran. former chief
operating nurse at the Bristol hospital.
who recently resigned TO become chief
operating nurse at the new Trumbull
hospital Boston, whree so beds, will be
under her management
Talcottvirie.-In fire Of undetermined
origin, a five-acre tobacco shed Of the
| Ludke place in Talcottville was totally
destroyed Monday morning The crop OF
last years tobacco was also lost as II
was stored in the shed after being taken
down. The damage is estimated at $500
partly covered by insurance.
Bristol-The complaint which charged
DR.. John B. Landry with criminal negli.
genee was nolled in police court the 9th.
| er day. Sunday at the junction of Far.
mington avenue and Sigeurney street the
! automobile which DR.. Landry was driv-
ing, struck Mrs. Eugenia A. Decker Of
No. s02 Asylum. avenue. inficting in.
juries from which Mrs, Decker died. In.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1922-02-14
in MIDST OF FESTIVE evening
JEWS PLAN EUROPEAN RELIEF

While the dancers at the ball of Rose
of New England lodge, No. 89s, B'nai
Birth, swung to the music of the fox
trot in the Wauregan house ballroom ON
Monday night group of the members
heid meeting in the parlor at the 9TH
er end of the hall and organized to an
swer the agonizing appeal of the suffer
ing Jews in Europe.
They accepted for Norwich the quota
of $4,000 for their part towards the
S14,o00,000 national fund to be raised
by the Jews for European relief, and
perfected the preliminary organization
for the work as follows: General chair
man, A. W. Silverberg honorary chair
man, Emanuel Kaplan; vice chairmen
Abner Schwartz, Samuel Taylor, Alex
Pasnlk. Aaron Gordon, Joseph Lain. Mi
chael Levine; secretary, Josiah Green
stein; treasurer, Harry M. Land; execu-
tive committee chairman, Max Hanover
commanders, F. E. Ack and Mrs. Sam
uel Taylor; publicity chairman, Sydney
Syrnon.
Two thrilling and impassioned appeals
for the Jewish European relief were
made at an intermission in the dancing
when Charles Shapiro of Bridgeport, the
state chairman, and George Greenspan
OF New York, state director, were intro
duced by Sydney Symon.
State Chairman Shapiro told his hear
ers that the quota for Connecticut had
been put originally at s15o0Oo but $780,
600 had been added to that and he felt
absolutely sure that the Jews of tht
state would meet the amount. He gave
vivid picture of the appalling suffering
| of the Jews in Europe, where in Poland
alone there are 5000 orphans. Hart
| ford has voted a quota of 100000. New
| Haven $4,000 Waterbury s70 ooo
| Meriden $4,000. He wants to see Con
necticut one of the first states to raise
| Its quota.
State Director Greenespan, New
| York attorney, who made an impassion
ed address in which he called upon thu
beautifully gowned adm light hearte,
merrymakers to give ear to the agonizec
[ cry from across the Atlantic where hun
dreds Of thousands of Jews. men, wo
men and children, were in the dires
need, Unless help is given now. mucl
as we have helped before, they may wei
say, Why did you try to save us If nov
you are to forget us?
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1922-02-14

vestigation by the police failed to dis
close any criminal negligence on the part
Of DR.. Landry.
Hartford-Winiam Heimovitch listed
his land on Pennington avenue in Hart
ford in 1920 at $1,000. The assessors
bosted it up to s1s.e00. From this boost
the owner Appealed. first TO the board Il
relief without relief and then to the su-
perior court which finds the valuation
$4,000. or nearly twice what the owner
listed it for.
FairAeld-This town has city ambi-
tons. at least so far as firemen and po-
lice are concerned. There is 10 be a
special town meeting on Feb. 20 for the
purpose of deciding about creating those
departments. Fairfield IS growing rapid
ly It advanced from 500 in 1910 &c
II. 400 in 1920. and the additions 10 the
school children indicate another gain Of
1000 since the census count.
New Haven.-The following appeared
recently in the Yale News: The 1924
discipline. committee regrets TO announces
that. due TO an infringement Of the rules
OF the honor system il has been COM
PEELED to infiict q punishment Of three
weeks suspension on a member OF the
sophomore class. II is peculiarly unfor-
tunate that such a violation should have
occurred at the time Of the mid-year ex.
aminations."
wInsted.-The Knights OF Coiumhu.
building COMMITTEES Of Winchester coun-
Gil voted at a recent special meeting &c
purchase the Main street property gen
orally known as the Moore property, sit
uated between Case avenue and Chestnut
street, for site for their new clubhouse
The purchase prsce IS $4,000. The coun-
ell expects 10 build a large clubhous'
with gymnasium and basketball floor or
the vacant lot east Of the dwelling.