Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-10-19
1S.-THE COMING OF MEN LIKE
OURSELVES

tn He Neanderthal type of man prevailed
in Europe at least for tens of thou
sands of year. For ages that make
all histo1J seem thing of yesterday, these
nearly human creatures prevailed. If the
Heidelberg jaw was that Of a Neanderthaler,
and if there is no error in the estimate of
the age of that jaw, then the Neanderthal
race lasted out for more than 200 900 years!
Finally, between 10000 and $4,000 years
ago, as the Fourth Glacial Age softened to-
ward more temperate conditions, a different
human type came upon the scene and, it
would seem, extermnated Homo Neander-
thalensis. This new type was probably de-
veloped in South Asia or North Africa, or
in lands now submerged in the Mediterran-
can basin, and, LIS more remains are col
lected and evidence accumulates, man will
learn more Of their early stages.
An Unknown Origin
At present we can only guess where and
how, through the slow ages, parallel with
the Neanderthal cousin, these first true men
arose out Of some more ape-like progenitor.
For hundreds Of centuries they were acquir-
ing skill of hand and limb, and power and
bulk of brain, in that still unknown environ
ment. They were already far above the
Neanderthal level Of achievement and intelli-
gence when first they come into our ken, and
they had already split into two or more very
distinctive races
These newcomers did not migrate into Eu-
rope in the strict sense of the word, but
rather, as ameilorated, they followed the
food and plants to which they were accus-
toned, as those spread into the new realms
that opened to them.
The ice was receding, vegetation was In
creasing, big game of all sorts was becoming
more abundant Steppe-like conditions con-
ditions Of pasture and shrub were bringing
with them vast herds of wild horse Ethnol-
ogists (students Of race) class these new hui
man races in one samo species as ourselves,
and with all human races subsequent to
nf
Homo sapiens. They had quite human
braincases and hands. Their teeth and their
necks were automatically as ours are.
Two Distinct Types
We know of two distinct sorts of skeletal
remains in this period, the first of these
known as the Cro-Magnon race, and the Sec
ond the Grimaldi race; but the great bulk
of the human traces and appliances we find
are either without human bones or with
insufficient bones for us to define their as
ISOLATED physical type. There may have
been many more distinct races than these
two. There may have been intermediate
types. In the grotto of Cro-Magnon it was
that complete skeletons of one main type Of
these Newer Palaeolithic men, these true
men, were first found, and SO it is that they
are spoken Of as Cro-Magnards.
These Cro-Magnards were tall pc 'pl,
all things considered, astonishingly big
brains. The brain capacity of the woman
in the Cro-Magnon cave exceeded that of the
average male today. Her head had been
smashed by a heavy blow. There were
also in the same cave with her the complete
skeleton of an older man, nearly six feet
high, the fragments of o childs skeleton and
the skeletons Of two young men. There
were also flint implements and perforated
sea shells, used, no doubt, AS ornaments
Such is one sample OF the earliest true men,
But at the Grimaldi cave, near Mentone,
were discovered two skeletons also of the
later Palaeolithic period, but of a widely con-
trasted type, with negroid characteristics
that point rather to the negroid type. There
can be no doubt that We have to dea. in
this period with 1t least two and probably