The New York herald., 1922-01-03
TOXIC TRIES DIRECT
DEAL ON SHANTUNG
Continued from First Page.

without adhering to the doctrine o.
| visit and search and without safeguard
ing the lives of passengers. The draft
ing committee will put this principle IL
form of acceptance by the plenary ses-
sion. which is expected this week t
accept the naval agreements reached IL
committee.
The delegates have agreed in prin
ciple to the proposition that no auxiliary
ships shall be of more than 10000 tons
and that aircraft carriers shall be linn
ited to $4,000 tons, with no armament
larger than 8 inch ~guns. The proper
tion of aircraft carriers has also beer
agreed to,
There still remains the question oi
the Root proposal to outlaw the use OF
submarines against merchant ships,
promulgating q new principle of interna-
ticnal law which will require approval
of the civilized nations. This resolu-
ton contains the Balfeur amendment
to the effect that pending acceptance
OF this principle by the nations of the
world the five Powers making the
agreement shall recognize ii as exist
ing at once among themselves.
Many Changes Foreseen.
The debate so far has failed to de-
velop the real attitude of Franco on
this question. The French delegation
has accepted the Root resolution with
It's Balfour amendment in principle
but has not reached decision as to
how it shall be applied. They believe
that IL the Root resolution Is adopted
many of the laws OF war will have to
be changed and will urge that the same
principle apply to attacks from the air
upon non-combatants and that new reg
ulations be made as to bombardment or
seaports by capital ships.
The French viewpoint on this question
makes the adoption of the Root resolu-
tion outlawing use of submarines against
merchant ships in any circumstances
doubtful but not impossible.
The final stage in the conference,
which is now approaching. finds the
groups interested in the Far Eastern
problem prepared to meet the situation
vigorously. The charge made by the
representatives Of the Chita Far Eastern
Republic that there has been collusion
between Japan and France in dealing
with the Siberian question brought en-
phatic and convincing denials and no
official cognizance will be taken of it.
The Japanese are preparing to make
public a statement of conditions in
China and the Far East generally. which
conditions, in their opinion, justify their
position in dealing with Chinese and
Siberian problems.
So far as China Is concerned, the Jap
anese will say the Government Is SO un-
certain that no ordinary arrangements
can be made with it. They will point
out that the new Pekin Cabinet is a
mixture representing the group which
has control of communications in China.
with the usual sprinkling of military
influence. eXemplified by the predom-
jnant influence of Chang Tso-lin in the
Pekin Government counsels.
Chang's Presidential Ambition.
1t is believed among the Japanese
that Chang Tso-lln is planning to make
himself President and that In working
out this ambition the present Cabinet
may not last long. The Young China
group is said to be dissatisfied with the
situation, while Gen. Wu Pei-Fu, desir-
able as the only honest Military Gov
ernor in China, is unfriendly to the new
Government which has been established
In Pelsin. s .e
The young China group is opposed to
the continued dominance Of the Military
Governors while an armed truce is said
10 exist between Chang Tso-Lin of Man
churia and Tsao-Kun of the province OF
Chill. The new Cabinet has its Canton
representation. but nothing is known or
the attitude of DR.. Sun Yat-Sen, Presi-
dent of the Canton Government, toward
the new Government.
The Japanese will point out that the
financial situation in China indicates the
actual impossibiity of giving to China
all that they ask and will deny that the
attitude of foreign Powers toward China
Is responsible for It's deplorabie financial
rUl. al, fc a
China alone is responsible for its pres
ent condition.
The Japanese are saying nothing rein-
tive to the Shantung issue, but are frank
ly unwilling to have the Sino-Japanese
agreements OF 1915, growing out OF the
"twenty-one demands" considered by the
conference. They scout the argument
brought forward by the Chinese that
the Sino-Japanese treaty should not be
regarded as valid because It has not
been ratified by the Chinese Parliament
Argument From AnaIogies.
Their argument OH this point is that,
owing to the conditions that have fol-
lowed the declaration of the Republic In
China, the Parliament has existed only
for a short period and that many other
agreements would be invalid II this ar
gument were to prevail. Among other
things they say that II this argument
prevails the Chinese declaration Of war
against Germany was illegal and the
signature OF the Chinese to the Treaty
Of Versailles was equally indefensible
because of failure of action by the
Chinese Parliament.
This attitude forecasts the determina-
ton with which the Japanese will OPP
pose obligations of this treaty under
which they have obtained their extern
sion of leasehold rights in the Llaotung
Peninsula, in which Port Arthur and
Dairen are located.
The japanese are preparing, also. TO
Justify their position I'm Siberia and will
resist any efforts to remove them from
their position there through action By
the conference.
This attitude by Japan anticipates
barren results by the conference relative
TO Far Eastern affairs beyond the adop-
ton of the general principles contained
In the Root resolutions with reference
to the "open door," limited degree of
tariff autonomy for China, the removal
Of foreign troops and the elimination OF
foreign post offices from China.
Such n result will be unsatisfactory
TO the Chinese, and II their present at
titude is maintained they will refuse TO
sign the agreements reached unless sat-
isfactory decisions are made relative to
ast.. 90