The Birmingham age-herald., 1922-01-08
DAHL RATIFIES
 IRISH TREATY BY
 A MAJORITY OF '

(Continued From Page one) as the Dominion of Canada. the Commonwealth of Australia, the Do- minion of New Zealand and the Union of South Africa.
 Ireland shall be known officially as the Irish Free State, with a par liament having powers for the gov ernment of the country. an execu- tive responsible to that parliament.
 A provisional government is to be set up to function until an Irish Par lament and a government of the Irish Free State shall be consti tuted, but not longer than 12 months at the outside,
 A treaty stipu1ates that repre- sentative of the crown shall be ap- pointed for Ireland in the same man. ner as the governor general of Can ada
 Ireland is given control over all governmental affairs and is entitled to an army which shall, however, not be larger in proportion to Ireland s population than the British army Is to the population of Great Britain.
 One of the first steps, by virtue of ratification by the Dali will be the withdrawal of British forces from Ireland.
 Ulster Included
 Ulster is included within the scope of the treaty. but provision is made for her to declare herself out within one month after an act of the Brit ish Parliament ratifying the treaty. and to continue under the present regime as provided in the govern ment of Ireland act in 1920. In that event, however, a boundary commits sion Is to be named to determine the boundary between Northern Ireland and the rest of Ireland.
 The Irish Free State will assume what may be decided by agreement or arbitration as a fair and equitable proportion of the public debt of the United Kingdom, and Is to afford harbor facilities to British naval forces under terms to be fixed by convention between the two gov ernments.
 Safeguards are provided for free dom of religion and education with in both the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland.
 Formal ratification of the pact on the part of Ireland, it is provided by the treaty, shall be at a meeting summoned for the purpose of the members elected under the govern ment of Ireland act to sit in the House of Commons of Southern Ire
  exceptions, are the same as those of the Dail Eireann.
 The British Parliament approved of the treaty last December 16 by adopting the reply to the speech from the throne requesting such ap- proval. Various formalities of for nal ratification still remain to be complied with in order to conform to the terms of the document
 The situation at the adjournment of the Dail appeared to remain cha otic. The Dail will meet on Monday and there Is no disposition revealed by DeValera and his followers to abandon the factional struggle.
 Republican Army
 The future control of the Irish Republican army is tonight the sub feet of anxious speculation, as Charles Burgess, who strongly op- posed the treaty, is the minister Of defense. So far as the public is con cerned. Dublin seems delighted over ratification. Arthur Griffith and his colleagues on emerging from the parliament were wildly cheered and the city tonight is in jubilant spirits.
 On the announcement of the fig ures, DeValera rose and declared that the Irish people had established. republic, and until the Irish people in a regular manner disestablished the public it constitutionally went on. This would be a sovereign body in the nation, to which the nation looked for supreme government. It was the executive until the people 'disestablished 1t.
 Nobody was disposed to challenge this proposition, for the general opinion all along had been that dur ing the transition period Ireland must keep her representative as sembly until the treaty was con verted into an act of parliament and the Irish would have an opportunity to erect a legislature to the free state to replace the Dail.
 Michael Collins, amid absolute quiet, followed DeValera. He said he did not regard the result in any spirit of triumph. He claimed that the men representing the Dali who would be responsible for taking over from the British government control of the Irish administration should get fair chance. In every country order, and he appealed to the other side to appoint joint committee of both sides to carry on the gov ernment proposition. This was greeted with cheers. MT. Collins de- clared that DeValera held the same place in his heart as ever.
 Then followed a violent speech by Mary MacSwiney, denouncing the re- suit as worse than the betrayal or Ireland in the days of Castle Req (Viscount Castlereagh, marquis of Londonderry, who was chief secre- tary for Ireland in 179S, was instru- mental in carrying the union in 1S0O.)
 Devalera Speaks
 MT. DeValera rose again. sup posedly to reply to Mir. Collins over ture. However, he took no notice of it, and merely appealed to all his own supporters in the Dali to meet him at the Mansion house tomorrow afternoon. This evidently hurt MT. Collins very much, but he quietly said:
 If the visible presence of myself and colleagues is so distasteful there might at any rate be some accommo- dation between the parties for the purpose of public order
 Minister Burgess immediately re- torted;
 1T will take care that the dis