davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial. (Wilmington, Del.) 1878-1928, 1922-03-27
ARTICLE III.
Bidding Defined and Classified.

There are two general classffca-
tlons OF bids or declarations, namely,
Free Bids and Force Bids.
A Free Bid Is where the player
makes n voluntary declaration such
as the Initial Bid OF the dealer or
the player on his left.
Any bid that overcalls or assists n
previous bid is a Forced Bid.
There IL also a variety OF bid that
has no particular classification.
namely tho first round bid made by
the third or fourth player after the
dealer and his left have passed This
bid is not governed by the Initial
Bid conventions. for although volun-
tary. II In influenced by the Indicated
weakness OF the preceding hands.
Secondary Bids are Forced Bids
made In the second round after a
pass in the first. They are gener-
ally strong Major suit declarations
which do not come up 10 the regu-
latlon standard, and have been held
bask 10 avoid giving misinforma-
ton.
Free Bids arc governed By CON
ventions. that IL. fixed rules. Forced
| Bids are not conventional They
show the number of tricks. which.
| with the partners assistance. may
win the declaration, but are other
wise not informative.
Trick Make-up OF Initial BIDS.
As there are thirteen tricks IN every
hand. the average for each player
should be- 80 tricks. ~ course. this
In not the case always. but Il you trJ
several hundred deals and tabulat'
the results. you will ind u comes Ou
about this way For the sake of con
venience the fraction is eliminated an
three tricks IL the quota taken a. IN
standard
This t. tho only guide that m
: Initial bidder has az 60 what supper
he may expect from his partner -
sees that his own hand has FOUR eur
tricks This being somewhat hottie
than the average. indicates that hi
partners hand may have less tha
the average.
Experience has demonstrated tina
the partner may be credited with tw
tricks. He may have fewer or NOR,
hut anyway. two tricks estimated ~
sistance Is the standard
These two and the bidders Ow
Q four tricks total six. The prlvilce
k y playing mes own and the Dun
y my's hand IL calculated az one tricl
n although often worth more. Her
= then are the seven tricks calculate
J on FOR an Initial Major suit bid
Y one.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial. (Wilmington, Del.) 1878-1928, 1922-03-27

By Abby Phillips Walker
Mcclure
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial. (Wilmington, Del.) 1878-1928, 1922-03-27

Tire repair? Read the class fed
sds-Adv.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial. (Wilmington, Del.) 1878-1928, 1922-03-27
are made up this way:
Tricks In Bidders hand 90. 3
Partners tricks ........... 2
Trick value Of playing
both hands ........... 2

IOtal .,.....s. ..'.'s..
Initial One Minor suit bids are
merely informative. indicating two
ntrrl. frlrLa In tho utIf. nnrncd
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
GIRL coMasITTED SUICIDE
BS JUMrfNG FROM FEKKYBoAr

New York, May 7.-An all night tax
icab tour of Hoboken's cafes and dance
halls by two young couples ended IN a
tragedy early today when ons of the
quartet, Mrs. Margaret Gallagher, IS
years old, of this city, jumped from the
ferryboat ''Lackawanna" in the Hudson
river and was drowned Hours after
wards, while the police were trying to
piece together maze of conflicting
stories. Thomas Cassidy. aged 18, who
said he was Mrs Gallagher's companion.
walked into a police station and declared
she made the leap after quarrel with
him.
Mrs. Gallagher, bride Of few
months had been separated from her
husband, the police were told.
Several passengers on the ferryboat
tod the police they had seen a man
jump into the water after the woman IN
an apparent endeavor to rescue her and
It was believed he also had been drown
ed. Cassidy cleared up this report. ac-
cording to the police, when he said he
ran after Mrs, Gallagher and being un-
able to pre-ent the leap, hid himself in
the stern of the boat until it arrived at
23rd street and later decided to surren-
der
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
LIANG sHTH-YI DEFIEs
ARREST IN TIEN TsIE

Peking, May 7-(By The A. P.)-
Premier Liang Shih VI, who yeserday
was dismissed from office and ordered
arrested, has taken refuge in the foreign
concession at Tien Tsin, according to ad-
vices received by the government here
today. Llang Shim-Yi telephoned Acting
Premier Chow Tsu-Chi. defying arrest.
and threatening to 60 abroad. Minister
of Finance Chang-Hu and Minister Of
Communicates Yih Kpng-Cho, also
disfssed and ordered arrested, likewise
are under the protection Of the foreign
concession in Tiea TsIF.
el5ls 94se45cit OF tfessg sasFs4 ulist
listers Is, regarded as ending General
Chang Tso -Lin,s influence in the Peking
government.
Their successors have not yet been ap-
pointed. Acting Premier Chow Tsu-Chi
and Drs w. w. Yen. the foreign minister.
conferred today with President Hsu Shlh
Chang. regardin 'gthe relations Of the
government with General WI. The desire
Of General WI that the president shall
remain in office until his term expires
in October, 1923, Is accepted as an in
dication that the Peking government viii
be recognized during his process of re-
organization.
General Wu's announced policies are
said to have met with President Hsu
Shih Chang, full approval The presi-
dent and General WI are declared to be
in agreement that the chief obstacle to
the unifcation Of China hitherto has
been the existence of a million soldiers,
who. consumed half the nations revenue
and split the country into opposing mill
tary cIieues defiant Of the central gov
ernment.
Genera: WI plans to disarm the pres
ent army and form smaller defensive
organization. President sIsu Shih
Chang's cabinet holds the opinion that
the way now open for negotiations with
the Canton government, headed by Dr.
Sun Yat Sen, with a view to consolidat-
ing. Foreign Minister Yet contends that
the military factions have never repre-
sented the sentiment of the Chinese peo-
pie. now awakened to the necessity OF
taking their place among the progressive
nation.
The cabinet today discussed the status
of General Chang Tso-Lin. Although
regarded as definitely eliminated from
Seking affairs in consequence of the de-
fea. of his troops south of the Great
Wall, CHang still is recognized as amso-
Lutte maste- q: the three Manchurian
provinces.
Hordes Of defeated Manchurians con-
t.nued today to. cross the country on
foot. bound northward. General WI left
today for Tien Tsin by special train. &C
companied by 5000 soldiers and police
His troops north Of TienTs!n are said
to have. disarmed more than 10000 OF
Chang's troops in retreat.
The fight of Chang's army northward
along the Mukden railroad Is imptded
on account of the destruction of the line
near Shan-Haikwan. The soldiers are
ragged and furnished. They are reported
to have abandoned their delayed trains
in an effort to reach Mukden on foot.
Volunteers from Tien Tsin have gone
Northward to expedite the fight and also
to relieve suffering.
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
Situation Critical on
ManC|lurianFrOntier
Defeated Troops of General
Chang Threaten Valuable
Anglo Chinese Coal Mines.

Tien Tsin, China, May 7.-(By The A
PA critical situation is developing
on. the railway between Tien Tsin and
Shanhaikwan, which is situated on the
Manehurian frontier. About 10000 of
the defeated troops of General Chang
Tso-Lin are being held up at Tongshang,
kuyeh and Lanechow, where there are
valuable Anglo-Chinese coal mines. Fran
tic appeals reached. Peking yesterday
from the Linnsi mines. where the foreign
star, was areorted to be in desperate sit
uation. Tweney British volunteers were
sent there Saturday night.
The gunboats of General WI Pei-Fu
have. appeared off Shanhaikwan and
shelled the railroad, but without results.
1t is not known whether General Chang
Is endeavoring to make his last stand at
Lanchow, midway between Tien Tsin
and Shanhaikwan, or whether the Chi
Ii troops of General WI from Kaiping
have appeared in 'Chang's rear. The van
guard Of the Chilli army reached Tien
Tsin Saturday evening, after having
scattered the remnants of Chang's troops
in this vicinity. General WI himself ar
rived an hour or so later.
Stragglers of Chang's army having
been reported in the vicinity of the con-
cessions, the American outposts were
doubled Saturday evening. They en-
countered and turned back some Of the
Muken troops.
The British cruiser Curlew reached Ia
ku this morning. She is prepared to
land men and machine guns if neces-
sary.
The danger IN the region of Tien Tsin
is now over. but there is apprehension
regarding the safety of foreigners be-
tween here anr Shanhaikwan.
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
ANOTHER NATIoN-WIDE
KAILRoAD TAGE ADJUSTMENT

Chicago, May (By the A. P).-Delib-
erztions on another nationwide railroad
wage adjustment will begin tomorrow by
the United States railroad labor board
when it considers testimony presented at
the recent hearing at which the railroads
asked for q general 10 per cent wage de-
crease.
The board faces. in these deliberations
what some Of its members call the most
dificult wage problem to come before It
in its two years activities. They say
that with economic and industrial condi-
tions approaching normal, the board must
set up scale Of wages which will form
a more or less stable foundation for fu-
ture wage adjustments to fit a peace time
industry.
In the hearing just ended the plea of
the 204 roads before the board was gem
orally to restore the wages in effect in
May, 1920. Practically all the roads ad-
NIT they would be- satisfied with such
decision by the board, although various
roads made different proposals in pre-
sentins their testimony at the April hear
ing.
The board is expected to consume sew
eral weeks in reaching a decision and
any decrease or increase granted is not
expecte dto go into effect before July [,
which would bring the 1922 adjustment in
hne with previous decisions.
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
METROPOLITAN OPERA co. '
PLANS FoR NEXT SEASON

New York, May 7.-Giulio Gatti-Ca-
sazza, general manager Of the Metropoli-
tan Opera company, announced tonight
that he planned for the next opera sea-
son the revival of six operas and the
presentation of two noveltSes.
The latter are Anirna Allegra, libretto
composed by Giuseppe Adami, with mu-
sic, by Franco Vittadini, and Mona Liz
sa, libretto by Beatrice Dowsky with
music by Max ScniIlings.
The operas to be revived are Romeo
and Juliet. Thais. L'Africaine. William
Tell. Rsenkavalier and Tannhaueser.
Mr.. Gatt also announced the engage
ment of seventeen ned artists. Of whom
six are Americans. The Europeans are
Barbara Kemp. Della Reinhard ReAn-
hard suz. Esiaspegh Rethberg. sonran nss
ina aS1slsasa sa4sa slgri0s oneS ~ Enesss5
zo-sopranes Giacome Volpi and Kurt
Taucher, tenors and PaulPaul Bender
Michael Bohner, Gustav .SchutEendorf
and Italo Picchi, bassos and baritones
The Americans. include Queena Mario
and Laura Robertson, Selma Segall and
Lucille Taylor, sopranos: Edward John
son. tenor, and Edmund Burke. bass bar
itone
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
A GOOD MONTH FOE
EARNINGS BY RAILROADS

Washington, May 7.-American rail-
roads had one Of the best months earn
ings experienced in recent years during
March. according TO compilations by the
Association Of Railway Executives, and
obtained operating income Of $s3,510,0
This was the composite return of the 2o1
class one" roads which operate 235, 900
miles Of main line track out of approx
mately $780, 900 in the entire country, and
represented earnings at the annual rate
of 5.S3 per cent. on the tentative valua-
tiou the interstate commerce commission
has fixed upon the transportation system.
Eastern territory showed much the best
results during March, since in the terri
tory north of the Ohio and Potomac and
east Of the Chicago-St. Louis line income
for the month above operating expenses
amounted to 1883 900, and this, the
association said. represented an annual
return rate Of 7.s0 per cent. on va1ua-
ton.
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
RoBERT LANSING DEFENDS
ADMINISTRATION IN HAITI

Washington, May. 7.-American inter
vention and administration in Haiti were
defended by Robert Lansing, former
secretary of state, in letter to Senator
Mccormick. republican, Illinois, chair
man of the senate committee investigat-
ing Haitian affairs, made public today.
Establishment of peace and prosper
lty in Haiti and blocking of German de-
signs and aggression threatening the
United States and the Monroe doctrine
were declared by Mr.. Lansing to be the
motives behind the American policy. The
two dominating ideas Of the American
procedure, Mr.. Lansing said, were:
81 To terminate the appalling con-
ditions Of anarchy, savagery, and oppres-
sion, which had been prevalent In Haiti
for decades. and to undertake the estab-
lishment of domestic peace in the re-
public in order that the great bulk of the
population, who had been downtrodden
by dictators and the innocent victims of
repeated revolutions, should enjoy a
prosperity and an economic and indus
trial development to which every people
Of an American nation are entitled.
so. A desire to forestall any attempt
by a foreign power to obtain foothold
on the territory of an American nation
which, Il a seizure Of customs control by
SuCn q pOWST udQ OSSuIIeu, OF IL d dllt
Of q coahng station or naval base had
been obtained. would have most certainly
been a menace to the peace of the west
ern hemisphere, and IN flagrant defiance
of the Monroe doctrine
German aggression in Haiti also was
serious factor, Secretary Lansing con-
tinued; stating that Germany sought a
naval base concession from the Haitians
at Mole ST. Nicholas, a base which would
have threatened the American position
in the caribbean and also would have
violated the Monroe doctrine.
Mr.. Lansing's letter detailed German
efforts to obtain the coaling station and
Haitian customs supervision. He also
recited an incident of a German landing
party from the German cruiser Karlss-
ruhe at Port Au Prince on the eve of the
declaration OF war between Germany and
Russia. About dusk. he said. several
boatloads Of armed German sailors land
ed on the wharf, marched half way dowr
the wharf but were turned back by the
German minister to Haiti, apparently
with orders to proceed to st. Thomas
and the Karlsruhe then proceeded with
her raiding cruise.
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
To Help .shad Fishine

Hartford, May r.
j. P Snyder, superintendent of the
U. S. fish hatcheries at Cape Vincent,
N. Y, has been assigned by the Unit
ed States Bureau of Fisheries to CO
operate with Superintendent Titcomb
Of the state fish and game commits
sion during the shad fishing season
in this state, He will be on duty until
late in June.
Mr. Titcomb has asked Mr.. Snyder
to devote his efforts to instructing
the departments field men in the prop
er method and handling shad eggs
at the Windsor hatchery. Unless prop
er treatment is used in the transfer
of these. eggs, there is untild. waste,
no stone unturned in swelling the
rivers of the state with shad.
Thus far this season.. fishermen in
many places throughout the state have
little luck in the shad line,
although this is the time when shad
should be abundant.
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08

Washington. May 7-Government ex-t
penditures for 1922 will be approximately
$1,600, ,000, 900 less than ths actual out
lay for the preceding year. congress will
be informed tomorrow by Presi-enJ Hard
ing in transmitting the report of Director
Dawes of the budget on economies and
havings in governmental business.
The re7ort Of Director Dawes. made
public tonight by the White House, Il
for Submission to the house ai5propri-
ations committee in connection with a
pending resolution by Representative
Byrns. democrat Tennessee asking the
president to inform the house in what
ways direct savings Of S32. 900 and
indirect savings of 100000, 900. as
previously announced by the president
as accomplished by the budget bureau
during its first six months of operation.
had benn made.
Actual cost of the routine business Of
government. the president declared in his
letter Of transmission to Chairman Mad
den, as been reduced by 1907. soc, 900 OF
which sum $3.50. 900, 900 may be credited
to more efficient and economic admins
tration Of the governments business.
1t will be noted that in the expendi-
lures Of the government for the current
fiscal year ending June 80, 1922, after
eliminating the estimates for the public
oeDt. operations In capital funds and
similar accounts, all of which tend 10
confuse our understanding of the actual
cost Of the routine business of govern
ment, there has been reduction In the
expenditures Of administration over the
outlay for 1891 of s907. SOC, 900. the pres
| ident's letter read. These highly graft
rying figures relate to reduc "a expendi.
! lures which come under the Influence oi
4 executive pressure, and do not includ,
500. 900. 900 OF other reductions which
| are not related to the 'rontine business o.
| government. Compared with this reduc
tion Of S9o7.500.o0o. the director OF tn,
budget detailed $3.50. .134 s35.o3 as tn,
sum representing the savings and econo
mics which NAV be fairly accredited to tn
new system of administration and tn
commitment of the various departents L
effect a more efficient and economic ad
inistration Of the governments business
OF this sum about $4,000, 900 represent
postponed construction and maintenanc
which will probsble be UNNECESSARY un
der the reduced program Of next year
ut affords an interesting comparison {
note that the expenditures for the cur
1
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
HENRI P. DAWSON LEFT
ESTATE OF sIo.ooO.oot

New York. May 7.-Closs friends q
Henry P Dawson who died yesterday
from an operation for brain turnor. est
mated to1ay that the hnancier LETT an IS
tate OF about $4,000 ,U00- His iIte VA
heavily insured. but The amount OF tbs
policies he carried has not 0ea ascertain.
Cd MIR Dayisons puDltc beneLzeti9iz
were large.
That the seriouneSs Of Mr.. Dzvisons
condition was not fully realized 5eozms
known when 1t was disclosed that thf
family only last night bought a znzl
plot IN the Locust Valley cemetery.
When his doctors informed Mr.. DAN
son that another Operation Asss necessary
he had said:
II II must be done. we'll have It rishi
here.' referring to the Peacock POM
b" nd when dh
I want to - burisd aors7
---. --cording 70 hi
request. The OOGy vii Oe placed In tht
little cemetery after = simple funeral Ger
emony in ST Johns church. Lattingron
L. 1.
Added details Of the operatioI
which preceded Mr. Dzylsoa's eatA T.
close The fact that ~ instzuS aite- D.
Charles A Llsoerg - rc19efle1 he 5r@t1
lysst Saturday morning. he szy hat =
hnslcisr's end Wa At hand
1t Was exactly IL clocA when the %
GRAFTON was begun ana d few seconds Al.
er the surgeon Enite had u5ened tbs %
wound behind the ear l. turned 20 La =
sistants who also examined lie tz-z1oI
and agreed with d.. Els5ers @ cease o.
Grating. The bleeding was 50 Droluse arc
unexpected that . hurry call VA sen
from the operatiI.S room in the D<Stsot
home for adrnalin chloride.
A. l. Gate, son in l4w- Of the bznke9
Jumped into an aG;o-Eo5iie and oaGhef
for Glen Cove, an adjoining town. 70 s.
1t. but within a few inmates atter he r.
turned. Mr.. Dawson breatned his lasL
He had been on the operating Table On
hour and a half
The tumor's growth showed that ever
had the operation been successful 1fr
Dawson could have lived only q ahor
growth involved the auditory nerve. znt
had Mr.. Dawson rallied after the opera
ton he would have suffered greatly.
The honorary pai1oearers az the funer1
Tuesday morning viii be J. ?. II ran, l.
7. Stotes5ury. Charles Steele, W-.l.4-E n
Porter, Thomas W. LaInonl HOr4-so '
Lloyd, D-Lsnt " Aforro.. -. l. S.cttn
US. Thomas Cochran. 4as-l-s s. Fat-1
Junius s. Morgan. Jr.. --ali0tt - 1>-coI
and George Whitney. All Of New York. &
c. Grenfell. Vivian Scnith. Charles ,
Whigham. OF the firm Of Morgan, Gren
fell and company, London II. II. Har
jes. John r Carter and y Dean Jay q
the nrm OF Morgan, Hzrjest and company
Paris.
Hundreds OF messages Of condoienc
were received by the family at Locun
Valley home today.
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08
OBITUARY.
John H. patterson

Atlantic City, N. j., May John n.
Patterson, founder and chairman Of the
board of directors of the National Cash
Register company, Dayton, Ohio. died
suddenly today aboard train bound for
this city.
Mr.. Patterson was stricken with
heart attack while seated In a chair
chatting with his valet, his only COM
pan.on. When the train passed through
Kirkwood, Camden county. he suddenly
fell unconscious DR.. 7. F. Trudeau, Of
Saranac Lake, N. ", who was In the
to revive the stricken man, but. failed.
a chronic cardias condition.
The body was brought to this city
where Mr.. Patterson had reservations at
a. beach front hotel. Arrangements viii
probably be made to take the body to
Dayton tomorrow.
Herbert s. Miller.
Bridgeport, May Herbert s. Miller
president Of the Lake Torpedo Boat COM
pany Of this city since 1913, died today
in hospital at Elizabeth. N. j., after
an operation for appendicitis
Mr. Miller was 48 years old. His home
was at 80 West 45th street, New York
Before becoming president of the LAX,
company he was secretary of the Dieh
Manufactul ing company at Elizabeth
The funeral will be held Tu ussday at Ell
zabeth and the Lake plant here wul bt
closed throughout that day.
| Mr.. Miller leaves his father, L. g. Mil
| Ter, and brother and sister, all of FL
zabeth
Norwich bulletin., 1922-05-08

rent fiscal year were estimated iaet Dc
cenber by the director Of the budget.
1885, .s22,3 1856. and that the actual sx
penditures will be s45.550 ,35s less thai
that estimate. With this reduction -.
expenditures for the year viii be s5.9z7.
s72.03o. which Is approximately sLso9.
00U.00U less than the actual outlay T..
the preceding fiscal year.
The pres ure for reduced expenditure
and increased economies resulted In an e
timated reserve. last August. oBt Of N.
appropriations for the current fiscal yeai
of over Si12.o 900. and confinuei
pressure since that time has raised thh
reserve 10 approximately f136.0o0.oco
notwithstanding a reappro7Fiation by con
gress Of over 100000 OF the original rs.
serve. This reveals the possibilities Of thf
widespread administrative commitment e
reduce the cost Of routine government
business. On the whole, I believe the
congress will find the operation of ths
newly adopted methods TO be highly
gratifying. not only in having brouFh1
about reductions in expenditure IN accort
with the manifest wishes OF congress II
reduced appropriations, but IN reveaiinr
the possibilities Of large savings through
stl more efficient methods in the future-
Director Dawes tabulated the ess
mated s2so.o0o.ooo estimated economia
ana savings IN governmental business lcI
the fiscal year 1922 as follows:
Transfers OF property-the war deoart
ment, s11,5S7.5s4; navy depzTtmsrk
33.s2s.es7; shiping board. s275.ss5f
/ ship transfers. S11.1514s1: marine eorca
| s65,ls4; public road bureau. f4ss.5 .575.
Other economies. coordinators report
| st2os.les; state de7zrtnert. szzS.s3l
treasury, t2.52s.44s. war, sl1. .6z2. .o9i
navy department. ss1.7si.74ol irterior
| 81, 1885; Agriculture. $685. .1so; lzbor
sls1.227; justice. s25o.ooo; post oiira
S13.s40,o14; library Of congress, sss1. oool
office OF superintendent buildings ant
grounds, library OF congress. 5000: Eo,
ernment' printing office. si,47s.ooo: civl
service commission. $500. executive o.
fee. $21.s5s: Office Of superintendent
state, war and navy department buildinE
s151, 1,so5; interstate commerce comrnis
sion, sss,2s5; veterans bureau. s1s.7s7s
700; national advisory COMMITTEES fci
asronzutics, s4o.s3o; Shipping bos-d
Ss6.40T SOC railroad administration. tss,
5s4 Panama canal. sl.s5s.5Tt; employees
compensation commission. sa.ss7. and Co
iunfbiz Institution for the Deaf. 5000