davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1922-11-17
COMING OF THE BLACK ROBES INTO MONTANA BEFORE GOLD
WAS DlSC0vERED FATHER PAlLADM0 WRITES OF EARLY DAYS

Bay trappers, and made the trip down
the river in canoes. This time their
eff0rts met with success.
rather De Smet was sent as the
missionary. He was a Belgian from
Termonde, East Flanders. Young
lgnace acted as his guide. Peter
nad advised of the missionary's COM
ing and band of Flatheads were
at Green River to meet him. They
mad been Joined by Nez Perces, Pend
d'Oreilles and Kalispells and num-
bered 1900.
Chief The Big Face
When Father De Smet arrived at
the home of the Flathead nation he
was received by Chief The Big Face,
VINO delivered an address of well
come.
He resigned his authority to me-"
Father De Smet wrote. Father De
Smet returned to St. Louis to pro-
cure assistance in 1841. He brought
back with him Father Gregory Men
garlna. Roman; Father Nicholas
Point, a Vendean, and three lay bro
theirs, Joseph Specht, an Alsatian,
and two Belgians, Charles Huet and
William Claessens.
In addition to teaching religion,
Father De Smet taught them to cult
vate the soil. Seed and agricultural
implements were brought by him
from Colville. This was in 1912.
Father Zerbinati, Brother Vincent
Magri and Father Josef came as mis-
sionaries in 1845. While bathing in
the river Father Zerbinati was
drowned. Upon news of his death
reaching the Superior, Father Raval-
II, then stationed at Colville, was sent
to replace him. This priest was an
all-round man. He was IAN excellent
missionary, an able physician, good
artist, an expert mechanic, and could
handle with considerable skill the
tools and implements Of almose every
trade" Father De Smet had shown
the Indians how to grow wheat, but
there was no mill to grind flour. A
hand coffee mill or pounding the
grain with stone were the only
flour making methods.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1922-11-17

beaver was fallen race of Indians
punished for their Wickedness, but
in due time to be restored to human
shape. Some declared that they had
heard beavers talk together and saw
them sit in council to pass judgment
on an offending member.
The author devotes several pas
sages to the habits of the beaver
SHOULD any of the band prove incor-
rigible and refuse to do their share,
the lazy fellows are unanimously
driven off by the whole community
visions elsewhere" he says.
The Flatheads had their medicine
men, lamentations, charms and the
like. Polygamy was the rare excep-
ton among them. The chieftainship
was hereditary, but the war chief
was elected each year; his authority
ceased on his return from the hunt or
battlefield.
They were warm friends of the
Nez Perces tribe and intermarried
with them. Nez Perces Indians made
their homes among the Flatheads.
'The fact that there were one or
two Nez Perces Indians with the Flat
heads who went to St. Louis to oh.
tain Black Robes" the Indian name
for missionaries, "has caused some
writer's to be misled into stating, con-
trary to historical evidence, that the
claim on the first missionary efforts
made in the country on the part OF
the Flatheads was unfounded,' the
author states.
The Flatheads first heard of the
missionaries from Ignace la Mouse
the chief of band of wandering Iro.
quois, who came from the St. Law.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1922-11-17

A0AN0 AAV0A anu SOSUAOA 0AAOAo ss>~
Flatheads.
Ignace was q giant physically and
won the respect of his hosts. He
of the religion taught by them. He
taught them many of the forms and
some of the prayers. induced them to
observe the Sabbath, and to baptise
their young. It was he who sug-
gested that they send to st. Louis for
missionaries.
Although none Of them had ever
seen a white mans house and but
few had ever seen a white mans
face, and despite the fact that they
must traverse nearly 5000 miles of
mountains, desert, and sage brush,
and cross the country of deadly enc
mics, they undertook the journey.
In the spring of 1881 four braves
set out and reached st. Louis in the
fall of the same year. Two of them
fell i'll and died and are buried in
the Catholic cemetery at the Cathe-
dral of st: Louis. The remaining
two set out on the return journey,
but never reached home. The purpose
of their visit was but imperfectly un-
derstood. No one knew their Ian
guage in st. Louis.
In 1884 the Rev. Jason Lee and his
nephew, the Rev. Daniel Lee of Stan
stead, Canada, were sent to found
a mission among the Flatheads, un-
der the auspices of the American
Methodist Episcopal church. They
did not remain, but continued to Ore
gon, where they established mis-
sion among the Canadian colony on
the Willamette.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1922-11-17
A NEW OIL LAMP FREE
Burns OAK Air

e. p. johnson, 600 w. Lake St., Chicago.
ILL.,. the inventor Of a wonderful new oil
lamp that burns 81 per cent air and beats
gas or electricity, is Offering to give one
free to the first user in each locality who
will help introduce it. Write him for par
ticulars. Agents wanted.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1922-11-17

mer: the bad Indian to a land of
perpetual snow.
Their code of morals was short yet
comprehensive: Honesty, bravery,
love of truth, love of wife and chill
dren. were the principal virtues
which entitled them to future happi-
ness.
The Flatheads believed that the
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1922-11-17

Father Ravalli remedied the de-
ficiency. With the help of the two
brothers,, Claessens and Specht, he
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1922-11-17

Mlnes which the made
= to
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05
Angry Burglars Flood
Home in Savannah

SAVANNAH, Ca, Aug. 3.-Be-
coming angered because they did
not find the valuables they expected,
burglars turned on the water in
the house Of E. P. Lawton in Cor.
donston Monday and caused damage
amounting TO about $1,000, it is be-
lieved. The damage was discovered
by William Garrard, a son-in-law of
Mr.. Lawton. Mr.. arrards home was
entered by burglars Monday morn
ing. The burglars stole valuable
pistol and three small banks, con-
tanning about $50.
Mr.. Garrard's home is near the
Lawton home. After discovering
he had had a visit by burglars Mr..
Garrard decided to investigate at the
LaWton home. He found a spigot
flowing, a drain pipe stopped up and
walls and hardwood floors badly
damaged by water. The Lawtons
and Mrs. Garrard are in North Caro-
lima. Mr.. Garrard returned Friday.
1t is not known what valuables were
taken at the IAWtOn home.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05
Salvation Army
Captain Acquitted

ROME, Ga, Aug. 3.-Captain w.
G. Cudd, in charge Of the local Sal
walton Army post until his arrest
about two months ago, was acquitted
after fifteen minutes elaboration
late Wednesday afternoon by a jury
in Floyd superior court of a techni-
cal statutory charge, the girl in the
case being under the legal age of
consent.
The arrest of Captain Cudd Great
ed a big sensation here at the time
and was made on a charge by the
girl, a resident Of Piedmont, Ala,
who had been placed in care of the
Salvation Army here by Police Chief
Harris, following her detention by
the Rome police on a telegram from
her father, she having run away
from home.
The acquittal of Captain Cudd was
received with qualification here, as
the charge was not generally be-
lieved. Captain Cudd had been in
Jail here since his arrest, as the Of
Tense charged is not bailable.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05
THE QUESTION BOX
Rules
FOR EVERYBODY

Rules
1. All questions must have full
names and addresses signed. If it
is desired that names do not appear
in the paper, add your initials or
some chosen name in addition to
your full name.
2. All questions must be written
on ONE SIDE of the paper only.
3. No legal or medical advice can
be given, either in the Question Box
or by personal letter.
4. All letters requiring personal
reply MUST inclose stamped, self-ad-
dressed envelope.
5. Letters for the Question Box
MUST NOT be included in letters for
Aunt Julia's Letter Box. The ques-
tions must be sent separately and
must be addressed to Aunt Julia s
Question Box, The Atlanta Tri-Week-
ly Journal, Atlanta. Ga.
Dear Folks: I've been delayed in
returning home, and as I can't get
to my typewriter, will have to be
much more brief in my chats with
you than I'd like to be.
One thing though that I do want
to say right away is don't be in
too great haste about planning fall
clothes. There really is going to be
quite change in styles. I'm going
to have a budget Of news for you
the first opportunity I have to write.
Cordially, AUNT JULIA.
Miriam: Yes, indeed, I do think
Bible would be a suitable gift. I
hardly know how to advise you,
but as you say you have $40 to in
vest, would suggest your sending
to the Grove Park Inn, Asheville,
N. c. My Bible came from there, it
cost $40, and the print and paper is
exceptionally good, the leather bind
ing beautiful and lasting.
Bessie: 1t was no trouble at all
to send the samples. If you use the
f1esh-colored crepe de chine with
machine hemstitching, 1 believe you
will find your undertakings will give
you exceptionally good wear. When
the faint color fades, you can easily
renew it with a soap that comes
for that purpose.
Flossie. You are we'll named, but
please do not mistake this column
for a joke. We are here to answer
sensible questions, not to furnish a
laugh to a crowd of foolish young
folks. L am only too glad to have
the young folks bring any question
to the box that will be of profit if
sensibly answered, but such ques-
tons as yours do not belong in our
paper. This is distinctly not a school
for chow to marry"
Mrs. s.: 1 am so glad you write
as you did. Your letter was great
boost to my spirits. Just as soon as
get to my typewriter I am going
to tell you all 1 could gather about
| fall fashions.
Radio Fan: Yes, indeed, hearing
is believing. I've been enjoying a
radio away out in the country. To
be exact, II miles from Providence,
r. I. We heard an Atlanta Journal
concert-think of it, 900 miles away
! as the crow flies. However, that
| doesn't answer your question. Write
| the Radio Editor, Atlanta Journal.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05

August "a. I was born in the Fork South
fair complexion. My hair is bobbed. Will
new f cousin BOWEN
Lumberton, N. c., Route 6.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Will you
admit a Kentucky girl in for a chat? AL
though l never see any letters from my
state. What are you boys and girls doing
for pastime? l read and go horseback rid,
ing How many Of m y0s a r TO FGa 6o 1a
in the country, 1 like country life far bet
ter than city life. am blonde and six
teen years old. Some of you boys and girls
write me. will answer all letters and
cards 1 receive. AS this is my first letter,
l will close with best wishes to Aunt Julia
and cousins.
Edelyville. KY, Route l. Box "a.
Dear Aunt Julia and cousins: Here comes
a girl from Tennessee knocking foS admit
lance into your happy circle OF boys and
girls. AS this is my first time, 1 will not
stay long. How many of you cousins like
to 60 to school? l for one. I study sew
enth grade. What do you cousins do for
pastime? I crochet and tat and help mann
have lots of flowers in my yard. l have
marigolds, asters, wool flowers, peoples,
butterflies, nasturtium, scarlet sage, zen
sea roses. I will not describe myself. Will
say 1 am twelve years old. Who has my
birthday, April S? Write to a new cousin,
GLADYS INA WHEELER.
Flagpond, Tenn.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Please let
me join your happy band. am little
Alabama girl. l go to school and l have
a good time. SO hide the wastebasket, as
this is the first time I have written to
you. 1 have been reading your letters
long time, and l cannot stay away any
longer. 1 will let you guess my age, from
nine to thirteen. I am in the fourth grade.
1 play with my little sister. She is nine
years old. have blue eyes and black
hair. 1 would like to hear from some of
you girls from ten to thirteen. I will an
swer if 1 can. 1 will close for this time.
Hoping to this printed in the next Tri-
Weekly Journal. Your loving niece and
cousin, .
RUBY THOMPSON.
Dutton, Ala, Route l.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05
Politics Warm in
Lee County, Ala.

PHENIX CITY, Ala, Aug. g.
Lee county is all astir politically
this week and the warmest cam
paigns in the history of the county
are drawing to a close. Here in
Phenix City local interest is centered
in a three-cornered race for mayor.
The candidates are DIR. A. Floyd,
present mayor; j. B. Bryant and
Claud Gulatt, the latter being former
mayor Of the city. The contest is
quite spirited and the outcome is
very uncertain, according to the
friends of each candidate, all claim
ing advantage.
In the county contests interest is
high, the races attracting most at
tention being the following: For
state senate, Bos. Wadden and w.
E. Smith, both being from Russell
county. For judge of probate, G. P.
Butler and Cal S. Ellington; for
sheriff, John L. Moon and w. w.
Whitman.
There are many other contests, but
main interest is centered in the
above named and the campaign has
centered around the claims and
counter claims Of the friends of
these forces.
In the gubernatorial race the peo-
pie Of this end of the county are
lining up strong for Brandon and
Phillips. It is predicted here that
they will carry the county by a
big vote.
There are eighty names on the
ticket to be voted here, this being
the longest ever voted in this Sec
ton.
Politicians are all working over
time and the candidates are here
every day. Phenix City being next
to the largest voting precinct in Lee.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05

with the college or colleges in each
state now receiving, or which may
hereafter receive, the benefits of the
act of congress approved July 2,
1862, entitled AN act donating public
lands to the several states and ter
ritories which may provide colleges
for the benefit of agriculture and the
mechanic arts. agricultural eX-
tension work which shall be carried
on in cooperation with the United
States department of agriculture. "
The assent Of the general assembly
of Georgia was given to the pro-
visions and requirements Of this act
of congress, and the trustees Of the
University of Georgia were author
lied to receive the grants of money
appropriated under said act, to or
ganize and conduct agricultural eX.
tension work. Georgia laws 1914,
p. 1243.)
To carry out this university ex-
tension work county demonstration
agents are appointed. They are re-
quired to make farm surveys, ar.
rive at farm problems and assist in
solving them, to conduct demonstra-
tons for adult farmers on the rota-
ton Of crops, Improvement of the
soil, better methods of cultivation
and the rational use of fertilizers, to
develop the swine industry by the
use of better pastures, better bred
herds, and by fighting hog cholera,
lice, other diseases and parasites, to
enlarge the beef industry by the use
of better bred Sires and the deVel-
Opment of pure-bred herds, to assis.
in improving the farm dairy through
the Introduction of pure-bred sireS,
the use of balanced rationS and the
keeping of methodical records, to
demonstrate the proper care of the
home orchards, home gardens, small
fruit and truck crops, to encourage
local fairs and clubs for the pur-
pose Of securing united effort in de.
Veloping community enterprises,
such as cooperative creameries,
meat-curing houses, methods Of con-
trolling boil weevil, and cooperation
in the marketing of farm products,
and to cooperate with school super
intendents and teachers in the Or
ganization of boys and girls agricul-
tural club work, and the introduce
ton, use and study of home eco.
ncmics in the public schools.
So the farm demonstration agent
is appointed to carry out a very
ambitious scheme of education in
the above enumerated matters. He
is a peripatetic teacher of these sub
iects, going from home to home, from
farm to farm, to impart information
on these subjects. He is employed
to import agricultural information
to- adult farmers. He does this by
university or college extension work
in connection with the agricultural
college of this state and the United
States department of agriculture.
The educational purpose to be
achieved by him is a very important
one to the agriculture of this state.
He carries on an important branch
Of education,
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05

The Status of County Agent Work
Ahere has been much agitation in
me public mind lately relative to
Nne legal status of the county agent
work In Georgia. A recent decision
Oh the supreme court clears away
nluch of the misunderstanding
~tIch has appertained relative to
ms matter. 1t appears that at most
me passage of simple enabling act
oy the legislature will clarity the
Whole situation and permit the
county athorities to appropriate such
lunos as they may see proper for the
support and maintenance Of the
work of the county agents. In spite
OF the handicap which naturally
might have been expected to come
trom the effect of the supreme court
ueclslon upon the various county
boards cooperating with us to main
tam these agents, we are glad to
state that up to date there has been
no net loss in counties or in the
number of agents employed. This
SHOWS that the people have conf
dence in the work and wish it con-
tinued.
In addition to the decision of the
learned supreme court justices, at
least two of the learned superior
court judges have held that the
work is educational of the highest
sype, and as such can and should
be worked in connection with and
very closely affiliated with the
school system. Judge H. A. Mat
thews of the Macon circuit, says
Where provision has been just
made, I think the county school COM,
missioners have authority, under the
provision of section 10S of the acts
of 1919 (Acts 1919, page 33D, to en-
ploy' teachers for agricultural sub
Jects and for domestic science, and
that they had that authority imme-
diately upon making the provision
for the levy of the county educa-
tional tax. Prior to making such
provision, that is, prior to August
2, 1921, do not think the board of
education had such power. The act
of 1919, just cited, seems to be the
source of power to include in the
subjects taught in the public schools,
agriculture, home economics, etc,
and confine such teachings to those
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05
Public Debt Reduced
$6,OOO,O0O in Iulv

WASHINGTON, Aug. "a reduc-
ton of $6,O00,000 in the public debt
during July was announced today
by the treasury.
On July 81, the gross public debt
stood at $22,957,373,S91, as compared
with $22,96S, 3S1,70S on June 80 and
with $2S,771,237O OS on July 81, a
year ago. Victory notes retired dur
ing July aggregating $16,0O0,0O0
were mainly responsible for the re-
duction in the debt.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05

This new discovery, which is called Alex
ander's RidO-Fly. is not a poison. Though
it kills flies like magic, farm animals II
human beings are not affected by it at all.
In addition to killing these insects. Rid-O
Fly is strong repellant. Flies will moi
come near stock or buildings where Rid-0
Fly has been used. Rid-O-Fly is particl'-
Iarly valuable for cows and horses. as is
known fact flies Go untold harm to these
animals.
So confident is DR.. Alexander that his dis
covery will rid your house. barns and live
stock of these pests that he offers to send n
S2.Oo supply Tor only Sl'Oo on me suarantee
that If Rid-O-Fly does not solve your flv
rroblems it will cost you nothing. Two big
Kansas City banks guarantee the reliability
Of this offer.
SEND NO MONEY-Just your name al"
address to the Alexander Laboratories, 1917
Gateway Station. Kansas City, Mo-, and this
introductory offer will be mailed at once.
Advertisement
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05
Bielaski Is Under
Mexican Surveillance

MEXICO CITY, Aug. 3.-Twelve
detectives are stationed about the
United States embassy to guard the
movements of A. Bruce Bielaski who
with his wife, have been the guests
of George T. Summerlin, the Amer
lean charge d affaires, for over a
week. 1t is learned that the hospi-
tally of the embassy was offered so
as to relieve Mrs. Bielaski of embar
RAISING police surveillance.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-08-05
EASY NOW TO RID
YOUR PLACE Files
Widely Known Scientist Discovers
Wonderful Chemical That Is Fatal
to Flies. Not Poison
Harmless to Stock

Flies are one Of the most dangerous anG
annoying things with which the farmer has
to contend. Now, through the discovery Il
E. r. Alexander. widely known scientist,
you can rid your house and barns and live
stock Of these pests almost instantly. and
with no trouble at all. This discovery is in
the form of an organic chemical that :
fatal to flies ard similar pests, such as
chigGers, MOSQUITOES and moths.