davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
Hawaii's Volcanoes.

The activity of Kilauea, a volcano
of Hawaii, is interesting more for the
character Of the eruption than for
any other phenomenon. The popular
description of the volcano as "a
mountain which emits fire, smoke and
ashes" was long ago discarded.
The mountain, or cinder cone, is
not the volcano: it is the product Of
many eruptions. The fire is the glare
Of white hot lava reflected on clouds
of steam. The ash Is lava dust blown
into minute particles by explosive
steam. In general volcanic erup-
ton is a tremendous steam explosion.
The mingled steam and dust shot a
mile or more into the air resemble
smoke in appearance. Frequently
they form a cumulus cloud from
which pour torrents of rain.
The eruptions Of Kilauea, the most
active and also the most famous Of
Hawaiian volcanoes, exhibit none of
these features. Kilauea is pit era
ter, about eight miles around, in a
lava field not quite 5000 feet above
sea level. The walls of the crater are
all the way from 100 to 600 feet high,
measured from the crater floor.
At times, indeed most Of the time,
the crater floor Is like the surface
of frozen lake. Then, with scarcely
warning, the floor melts and the
cratersi is lake Of molten lava. Oc-
casionally the level of the lava rises
until 1t flows over the lowest notch
in the rampant wall. Then stream,
which may be a tremendous flood,
flows away toward the sea.
That is an eruption of Kilauea, or
of it's nearby neighbor Mokuaweoweo,
at the summit OF Mauna Loa, more
than two miles above sea level. Ex-
plosive eruptions, like those of vesu-
vius, may have occurred within his
toric times. but the record of them
does not appear, except as bowlder-
like masses of lava and great frag-
ments Of pumice in the vicinity indi-
cate them. Tremendous force is re-
quired to push column of lava to
the crater floor Of Kilauea. half a
mile higher than the summit of
vesuvius; still greater force to push
Il to the hoor Of Mokuaweoweo, nearly
two miles higher.
Perhaps the expenditure of force
in pushing the lava to such great
heights may explain why there are
no explosive features about Hawaiian
volcanoes. They stand strongly de-
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
GOLF LINKS PROPOSED
AS BIRD SANCTUARIES
Would Halt Insect Pests, AZ.
ricultural Bureau Says.

WASHINGTON, July 1o.--Golf courses as
bird sanctuaries is the newest sport
wrinkle introduced by the United States
Department of Agriculture. which urges
clubs to equip their grounds as refugees.
The move promises success, says De-
partment circular. at little work or out
lay, and golf grounds offer ideal bird
communities. AZ
The broad expanses of short grass on
the fairways. 1t Is said, furnish excellent
feeding grounds for robins. meadow
larks, starlings. flickers and killdeers.
In rougher spots there Is an abundant
insect population as food for the birds.
Most courses have water hazards at
which the visitors could battle or drink.
and many courses are already protected
from trespass and are relatively free
from bird enemies
Protection. food and water are thus
afforded. and the Department urges the
supply of nesting boxes or other nesting
places Such beautiful and useful birds
as the purple martin. bluebird, house,
wren, tree swallow. flicker. white
breasted nuthatch and chickadee will
occupy such houses. and many other
varieties Of smaller birds can thus be
attracted.
In the future. then. II may be ex-
pected that golfers going the rounds OF
courses so equipped may have cause to
bless the birds for doing away with
the buzzing mosquito or other swarms OF
flying, biting, singing pests.
The New York herald., 1922-07-11

fined as a'type by themselves. Never
theless. the successive eruptions have
built Hawaii atop the rain clouds
spreading 1t over an area as large as
Connecticut.
The lava floods usually cover a
wide area, presenting broad surface
to the weathering influences of the
air. In more than one instance dis
integration has proceeded 50 rapidly
that at the end of a very few years
crops Of sugar cane were growing on
the lava; and. indeed. no other soil
surpasses weathered layas for sugar
production.
or the notable Hawaiian volcanoes
nearly all are pit craters: few only
are cinder cones, although the island
itself may be regarded as an immense
cinder- cone.
Halemaumau. one of the smaller
craters. has always been an object OF
scientific interest. Activity begins
with cracks and assures in the crater
floor. Then the crust breaks into
great cakes, which toss and rock for
a while in the surging caldron, and
then disappear under the surface.
Explosions shoot jets Of molten lava
into the air and these mushroom into
fragments which fall like rain Of
meteors. The lava level seems to be
more or less sensitive to atmospheric
pressure. falling and rising as the
barometer changes from high to low.
The United States Weather Bureau
has established an observation sta
tion at Kilauea and the Congress has
segregated Kilauea. Mauna Loa and
Haleakala, on the island of Maui, as
national parks.
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
More Bonus Knocks at the White
House Door.

President HARDING had too heavy
load of business on his hands yes
terday to reiterate to the Senate bo-
nus politicians what his attitude is
toward the attempted raid on the
Treasury to the extent of five billions
of dollars. And of course they
know. But it might have been a
good moment for the Senate and for
the Republican party, and it would
have been a refreshing moment for
the country, if the President had
found the time again to put the in
escapable situation to the Senate del
egation honestly and plainly.
And if the President had found the
time to meet the bonus delegation
from the Senate and tell it the plain
honest truth he might have been able,
in his convincing way, to make the
delegation see what to everybody else
in the United States, Republican or
Democrat, man or woman, is as clear
as daylight. This is that the Nc
Cumber bonus bill or combination
Fordney-McCumber bonus bill could
not become law without dumfounding
and outraging the American people.
1t has not been President HAIR
DING's way to disappoint the Ameri-
can people by his own course OF ac-
tion. 1t has not been President
HARDING's way to let any part Of the
United States Government dumfound
and outrage the American people by
it's course Of action when he could
prevent 1t.
President HARDING can prevent the
enactment of the bonus bill into law.
With his veto he can stop the bonus
raid on the Treasury. II the SEN
ate bonus politicians do not appraise
their President HARDING in the meas
ure of Chief Executive who knows
his duty to the Treasury, to the Gov
ernment and to the nation, then all
there is to say about them is that
their opinion of him falls shockingly
short of the confidence which the
American people have in their
President HARDING.
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
The Worship of Youth.

1t has been some time since the
first joke was made about the diff
Guilty of distinguishing between
American mothers and their daugh-
ters. We have grown accustomed to
protests against American worship OF
youth and the accompanying un-
willingness or inability to grow old
gracefully" FANNIE HURST came
back from Europe the other day and
declared her increasing impatience
with these national characteristics.
She berates us because the French
adore SARAH BERNHARDT, not for what
she was but for what she is. She
thinks that IL ELLEN TERRY had lived
in America she would not have dared
to let her hair go frankly white. Miss
HURST tells us that in Europe the
mature woman receives the admira-
tion and attention which we shower
upon the young, and that we need to
cultivate more of that attitude.
Miss HURST, when she makes these
criticisms, does not see life steadily
and see IL as a whole. If the French
adore SARAH BERNHARDT for what she
is, so do we. For us she is the divine
SARAH because she has so marvel
onsly preserved the attributes Of
youth. She can still kindle as youth
kindles. And that does not demean
her years; it glorifies them.
When Miss HURST says that it is
the mature woman, with her expert
ence, her widened sympathies, her
tact and intelligence, and not the girl,
who receives the homage OF Euro
peans she forgets that this admirable
condition carries with it another
which is not 80 admirable. When a
European woman arrives at 40 So
ciety demands that she drape herself
with the mantle OF austerity; she
must be careful not to act younger
than she is. And 1t is precisely there
that the American attitude is more
Just and more spirited than the
European attitude. 6t
Americans consider that II woman
Of 40 can keep the appearance and
the manner of a woman of 30 she
deserves to be complimented both for
her spirit and her ability to get away
with II. Because a woman has be-
come grandmother there is no good
reason why she should take to rock
ing chairs and beaming benignly over
spectacles.
IT is unquestionably true that here
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
Game Laws Enforced.

The State Conservation Commits
sion turned $45s,55415 over to the
State treasury in the fiscal year
which ended on June 80. This
amount was exclusive of the receipts
from the State Reservation at Sara
toga Springs, and the efficiency oi
the service is shown by the fact that
1t cost the State only s1,225.s5 to col
lect this amount.
The growth Of hunting is indicated
by the item of $227,02S.37 received
for licenses. Either hunters are
more numerous or the game protec.
tors are more vigilant in seeing that
every man carrying gun shall have
a license. In some rural communi.
ties the game laws were honored In
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
Uplifting the Screen.
Some Daring Suggestions for Mo,
ton Picture Makers.

To THE New YORK HERALD: II chill
dren and the lower animals are permit
ted to take the leading parts in sce-
narios the future of the moving picture
industry Is not altogether dark
To-day the superior artistry of chill.
dren as screen actors Is recognized.
This is also true of monkeys, dogs,
horses and birds.
All Of them possess the faculty of act
ing naturally.
Even now the lower animals are be.
Ing used extensively to save situa.
tions' created by the painfully artificial
antics Of adult humans.
When the grief stricken heroine STUN.
bles into her boudoir with her righ,
forearm pressed over her eyes we may
expect a closeup" Of a parrot on ar
ornate swing or a small bald faced
monkey, apparently a pet Of the dolor.
Gus lady, but which appears to be nc
more moved by her distress than the
audience is.
When the hero. crossed In love. enters
the library with the usual locomotol
ataxia gait and drops heavily into a
large upholstered armchair the sopo
rife atmosphere Of the hackneyed scene
is momentarily lifted by tho entrancs
Of fine collie or st. Bernard, who's,
antics. when compared with those Of his
master. offer an illuminating exampl,
of high class pantomime.
One Is tolerant of the lower animals
when they register their emotions time
after time in precisely the same way.
When you see a dog, for instance
register fear by a covering of the body
and Joy by a wagging of the tail yot
feel that what you see Is artistically de
picted because you know that all dog
always express these emotions In th'
same way.
But human beings In real life diffe
somewhat In the expression Of thei
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
Owners Seek Relief.
Object to Assessments for Widening
Lafayette Avenue, Brooklyn.

To THE New York HERALD: Allow
me to call attention to the injustice. the
hardship of the excessive assessments
imposed on abutting property for the
widening OF Lafayette avenue, Brook
lyn. from F1atbush avenue to Fort
Greene place.
The Improvement Is of no benefit to
abutting properties; on the contrary. 1t
Id a detriment. as 1t has greatly in
creased the heavy. noisy. dusty traffic
on abutting streets like Fort Greene
place. It is not q local but general
Improvement, beneficial to the whole
city. Lafayette avenue IL a thorough
fare. The automobile and other traffic
over Lafayette avenue reaches from
Manhattan. New Jersey and to the end
of Long Island.
To give an idea Of this injustice a
few Of the amounts laid are given
herewith:
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
SiciIians Defended.
A Protest Against the Letter Read
In Court by Judge Talley.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD The letter
read by Judge Talley in tho court room
during the trial Of Cosumano, impli-
Gated In the Varotta case. is 4 serious
insult to all Italians, no matter whether
they are from the mainland or from
the island Of Sicily.
The Siciians speak the same Ian.
guage as the rest of the Italians; in
deed. the present Italian language was
first spoken in Palermo, the capital city
Of Sicily, more than seven hundred
years ago. The Sicilians are OF the
same color as other Italians. have the
same religious faith. and they fought
for the independence OF Italy. not as a
mother country but as the one and only
motherland Of Italians. Justly we Ital-
ians on this side Of the ocean want to
be identified only as Italians and not
divided into many races as those prom
:nent Italians" suggested in their letter
Speaking OF crimes, In every nation
there are the bad and the good. and in
teliigent people cannot and would not
blame the whole race for the crimes Of
a few. Those Italians who wrote the
letter should spend their time In study
ing the history and the geography OF
the Italian nation and race and they
would learn that II Sicily was occupied
by many people Of other races the Ital-
ian peninsula was also occupied by as
many races from the north Of Europe.
from the fall of Rome to the time Of the
wars Of the Italian independence. and
they would learn also that the Italians
are a race formed by many races who
left in Italy their bad and their good
qualities. melting together as the Amer
lean people have melted together. am
from the north Of Italy, but l am proud
to belong to the race which from the
Alps to the shore Of Sicily '9has contrib
uted so much to the forward march or
civilization" even If am a contented
naturalized citizen Of this country.
OsvALpo FoRLANI
NEW YORK, July 10.
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
A Few Plates Of Strawberries.

Consider the strawberry as a ma
tional delicacy. But, measured BY
the extent to which the American
people indulge themselves in this de-
lightful delicacy, consider the straw
berry as national industry.
The consumer thinks Of strawber-
ries as to quantity In terms of small
chip baskets. The shipper and the
railroad figure Strawberries In terms
OF arloads-thousand and thou
sands of carloads.
In the present season more than
$4,000 carloads Of strawberries were
shipped far distances from the great
producing fields to the great con-
suming markets-just strawberries
$4,000 carloads.
And how many American consum-
ers reveling this year in their favor
ite delicacy ever gave a thought tc
the strawberry "patches"-patchee
stretching away in vast acres
whence came the bulk Of the $4,000
carloads of strawberries flowing tc
the great markets?
You might guess California, and
you would be wrong. You might
guess. Florida. and you would be nc
nearer right. You might take a
chance on New York or New Jersey
and you would not hit 1t.
First, by a big lead, in sending
your priced strawberry by rail te
your breakfast table Is Tennessee
with 3,772 carloads shipped out oi
the State.~ Next comes Arkansas
with 2,069 carloads. Then follow
Missouri with 1856, Maryland 1884
Virginia 1921, Louisiana 1908
North Carolina 1,105 carloads. There
after the rail shipments taper of al
the way from Delaware's 92S car.
loads and Kentucky's 754 to Florida's
325 and Mississippi's 96.
And that is where you get your
delectable strawberries-18,000 car
loads for just one season.
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
A Rope Of Tails.

Department Of Agriculture Bulletin.
rope made of 5000 gopher (ground
squirreD tails was recently on display at
the office Of the Montana Extension Direc-
tor, awaiting shipment to the Biological
Survey of the United States Department Of
Agriculture. The rope was made by the
Blackfoot indian chief Split Ear and his
tribal assistants. who live near Browning. In
Glacier county, Montana. The Indians have
taken an active interest in the campaign
against the rodents, and after burying more
than 400 ground squirrels. decided TO save
tails for the nineteen foot rope now on ex-
hibition. It is estimated that at least $4,000
rodents were destroyed by the Indians dur
ing the drive.
The New York herald., 1922-07-11

The summer schools Of New York
and Columbia universities were opened
yesterday for six weeks courses. 1t
was said at the registration offices
Of both institutions that this years S
enrolment was substantially larger
than last year.
Prof. Coss Of the Columbia school said
that between 1900 and 1900 were en-
rolled from every Stats in the Union
and Hawaii. This Is 1.500 more than
last year. Everything has been simpli-
fled. so that 1t takes but thirteen
minutes to register and house students.
Besides the six weeks courses in
academic studies this year there is to
be a spscial series OF lectures in the
natural sciences. to meet the need for
nontechnicaI but correctly inform
ative understanding Of modern science
among teachers of all subjects.
DR.. Simon Flexner and other mem-
bers of the staff Of the Rockefeller In
stitute will lecture upon recent health
Investigations in the cause and preven-
tion Of vsllow fever, infantile paralysis.
diphtheria, and the operation Of modern
city health department. DR.. GsorEe r.
Vincent will discuss the international
health movemsnt DR.. Hugh Baker will
lecture on the problems OF paper pulp
production. and there will be lectures
upon the science OF telephone and
radio.
At Camp Columbia, Lakeside, Conn.
AOfn nrtt q
University extension courses will be
given at night. Other features of the
summer session Will include open air
concerts, a musical festival. public lee
lures. work In the museums and ex-
cursions to points of interest about tho
city. Altogether more than 1000 courses
are offered at Columbia this summer.
New York University's session opened
with an enrolment of 5000. an increase
of 1000 over the attendance OF last
year. Most of this summers courses
are being given at the College Of Arts
and the College Of Engineering on Uni
ness courses are being given at the
Wall street division, 80 Trinity place.
Dean John w. Withers. director Of
the summer school. in his matricula-
ton address laid especial stress on in
struction In municipal, national and
international affairs. in which several
courses have been arranged under lee
turers who are specialists In these SUBJ
jects. The first lecture in the inter-
national series will be delivered to-
morrow morning at Gould Memorial
Library. University Heights. by Prof.
Milton Loomis on the results achieved
by the Washington conference. The
first lecture. ION the Government of New
York City" will be delivered by Prof.
Rufus D. Smith tomorrow evening in
the same place.
Dean Withers will be assisted in a
series Of educational conferences by
school executives from all parts OF the
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
John Burns at Gettysburg, 1922.

Where Ewell failed and Reynolds fell
And Kemper drove through plunging
shell,
The screaming hail of Doubleday.
And dashing Pickett fell away
And left the scarp a Redeemed hell,
There stood John Burns in bell crowned
hat.
As white as the hairs whereon It sat,
In his tightly buttoned saffron vest,
Blue swallowtail and all the rest.
AS when the Southern bullets spat.
There stood he forth, or else his ghost.
And viewed the crashing battle host
Until. mists having rolled away
Before the blessed light Of day;
He saw the fight figment lost
His brooding brows relaxed their frown.
He cast his worn old weapon down.
His tall form bent to the shaven marge
To see another Pickett's charge,
Through green fields. past the peaceful
town.
The lads were clad In suits OF gray,
And gray their tilted stetsons gay;
They yipped the ancient rebel yell
And laughed as one another fell.
Charging on In strange new way.
He saw the sons whose sires he knew
From 1912 to 80.
With whom he fought. nintiock and pike,
Whom Gettysburg had seen him strike
He saw them fight where no one slew.
He saw them. cheered them on per-
chance:
No one opposed their wild advance.
For old John Burns had seen to that.
In swallowtails and bell crowned hat
Had left both sides inheritance.
And that indomitable soul,
Convinced that they had won the goal
His goal three times through wars fierce
sway
Has vanished. WHITTIER? Who can say
Perhaps to tend his stock and foal.
MAURICE MORRIS.
The New York herald., 1922-07-11
Daily Calendar
THE WEATHER.

For Eastern New York-Increasing
cloudiness. followed by thunderstorms
this afternoon or tonight and to-mor-
row; warmer to-day; fresh southerly
winds.
For New Jersey-Increasing cloudi-
mesa, followed by thundershowers late
this afternoon or tonight and to-mor-
row; warmer to-day; fresh southerly
winds.
For Northern New England-Increas-
ing cloudiness. followed by thunder
showers late this afternoon or tonight
and Tomorrow: warmer to-day; fresh
southerly winds
For Southern New England-Partiy
cloudy and warmer to-day. followed by
thundershowers tonight and tomorrow:
fresh southerly winds.
For Western New York-Showers and
thunderstorms to-day and tomorrow,
with somewhat lower temperature; fresh
southerly winds.
WASHINGTON, July 10.-Pressure con-
tinued high to-day over the Atlantic
States and the Canadian Maritime Prov
inces and Off the Atlantic coast, and IL
was relatively lower over practically all
sections. from the lower lake region. the
Ohio and lower Mississippi Valley west
ward. with ccnters of minimum pressure
Monday night north OF Lake Superior
and In the Texas Panhandle. The tenn
perature was somewhat higher to-day in
the lower lake region. the upper Ohio
Valley and Alberta, and cooler weather
overspread the upper lake region, the
Missouri and upper Mississippi Valley
and the Central plains States.
The indications are for considerable
cloudiness over the States east OF the
Mississippi River during tomorrow and
Wednesday. and showers and thunder
storms are probable over most sections
within the next twenty-four to thirty-six
hours. The temperature will be sorne-
what higher In the North Atlantic States
tomorrow.
Observations at United States Weather Blu.
reau stations, taken at s p. NJ. yesterday.
seventy-fifth meridian TINA.