The New York herald., 1922-01-08

cited above. Sir Roger Easement, after
ward hanged as n traitor, returned from
Germany with the news that instigated
Sim Fein to the Easter uprising of
1916. Padriac H. Pease was chosen pro-
visional President Of the new republic.
The ensuing carnage lasted until April
80. Forty thousand British troops
swarmed into Ireland.
England cried aloud that the uprising
was German born! that Ireland was
fighting the enemies of the Kaiser. Ire
land replied that she was fighting for
Ireland and was privileged to take ad-
vantage OF anything that fetched her
nearer her neutrality-suspicious.. Pearse
was executed along with half n
dozen other leaders and Eamonn de
Valera was elected President of the
Irish Republic.
Repression Fails.
Orders of repression issued by Lon
don choked the general uprising into
mere guerrilla warfare which, it so de-
veloped, was deadlier and more brutal
than any preceding open conflict had
been. There were murders and reprisals
by both sides. Whole towns were burned
and. IL Ireland needed an ultimate urg-
ing, 1t was supplied by the Black and
Tans. The acts OF repression (Sep-
tember. 1919 failing to wipe out either
Sim Fein or the Dali Eireann. the Brit
fish Parliament passed the new Gov
ernment of Ireland act in December.
1920--a makeshift during which an at
tempt at something permanent could be
made.
This act created a parliament for
Ulster and another for South ireland,
with council composed of delegates
Of both. The central idea was to thus
get both Parliaments into unity and,
eventually, united. But again the old
religious question interrosed. The bulk
of Ireland's commercial wealth was in
Protestant Ulster. The majority of the
population supported Sim Fein. Ulster
accepted the proposition and In duo time
her Paliament was opened by King
George, whose incidental speech gave
Premier Lloyd George an opportunity
| to call to London the Sim Fein dele
gates. who ultimately signed the peace
treaty adopted yesterday by the Dali
Eireann.
But South Ireland( having created its
own Parliament--the Dali Eircann--
without regard for the new government
bill, gave notice that she would have
nothing to do with the Ulster Parlia-
ment. inasmuch as the Dali represented
the vast majority of the people of Ire
land and. briefly, that the majority had
nothing to arbitrate with n frightened
and Jealous minority.
Thus stood affairs, punctured with
murder and reprisal, until King George
made his excellent speech in Belfast on
che occasion OF the opening Of the Ulster
Parliament. In vain had Great Britain
threatened tho south of ireland. Sim
F'ein was given a certain length of time
in which TO come to terms with the new
government bill. II she failed England
would establish crown rule south OF
Ulster, and that meant little else than
martial law. Establish crown rule"
replied Sim Fein, we're used 10 g."
To use an American poker term. Sim
Fein knowing 1t held the winning hand,
stood pat. The Labor party In England.
having assembled TO n position where Il
amounted 20 holding the balance of
power, insisted that the British Parila-
ment make further concessions. The
last word was spoken by King George
himself in Belfast June 30, 1921, when
he appealed to Ireland for peace.
Lloyd George grasped his chance. He
called upon De Valera and Sir james
Craig, tho Ulster Premier, to confer
with him in Downing Street. Then Sim
Fein agreed TO an armistice pending the
outcome of the policy.
Subsequent history needs scant men,
tion. The entire world has followed
every move. The chances OF getting
Do Valera and Craig together on any
thing like an amicable understanding
became more and more remote and the
world beheld them bolting the conference
in turn.
II resulted In the calling TO London of
che Sim Fein delegation--Arthur Grif-
eith. Michael Collins. Robert G. Barton
Eamon J. Duggan and George Gavar
Duffy--who on December 6 signed the
treaty ratified yesterday by tho Dali
For Great Britain the treaty was signed
! by Lloyd George. Austen Chamberlain
Lord Birkenhead. Winston Churchill
Worthington- Evans. Gordon Hewart and
| Hamar Greenwood.