davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1922-12-16

, Congress factions and Congress
blocs would better have a care how
they play politics with the Admin
istration measure to provide bank
credits for the American farmer.
Whether Democratic members make
a football OF this measure TO put the
Republican party in "a hole, as the
plain talk is in Washington. or
whether radicals in the Republican
ranks tamper with It 20 embarrass
the President, they will be in bad
business for themselves. Tho coun-
try wants this rural credits legisla-
ton to go through as much as agri-
culture wants it to so through, and
the general public as we'll as the
farmer IS going to give sharp atten-
ton to any Congress element that
bedevils this important national
matter.
There is nothing abnormal about
the credit needs OF the farmer and
there Is nothing mysterious about
the means 10 supply them. Those
who have had practical experience
in providing rural credits in great
bulk, like Eugene Meyer, Jr., head
OF the War Finance Corporation,
and those who have studied the
question thoroughly as an economic
and financial theorem, like Bernard
Baruch, are generally in agreement
with the mass OF intelligent, respon-
slble farmers as to what IL required
and what can he done soundly and
safely.
The farmer must have adequate
bank credits or other loan facilities
to take care of three different phases
OF his business and he should have
them at a reasonable cost. The first
OF these is borrowing power on the
farm itself. AS the land. buildings
and equipment are perfect security
for such a loan on a proper valua-
ton there is nothing involved here,
from the lenders point OF view. alien
to good banking or wise investing.
From the point of view of the
farmer and OF the country which de-
Evening journal., 1922-12-16

The spectacle of the Christian
powers discussing with Turkey such
proposterous proposition as the
expulsion OF all Christians from the
territory OF the Ottoman empire is
unlovely and ominous. It is true
that the proposal met with unani-
nous opposition from all the pow
ers, but the fact that the Turks ever
dared TO formulate Il shows how low
tho prestige OF the Christian nations
has fallen in the Near East. That n
couple of million Christians, who
have had their homes in Asia Minor
or generations. should be torn up
by the roots and forcibly driven into
exile and starvation in the twentieth
century by a barbarous Mohamme-
dan state, Is almost beyond 'imagins-
ton And yet this proposal has
been officially put forward at the
Lausanne conference.
The fact that II has been rejected
does not even give assurance that it
will not nevertheless be carried into
effect Unless the Kemallsts are
given to understand beyond all
doubt that such action will not be
permitted and that, II necessary
force will be used to prevent Il. they
viii see no reason for refraining
from executing their scheme Of
Wholesale expulsion. Thus far
nothing has been said or done at
the Lausanne conference indicating
that the powers are agreed upon
anything resembling a vigorous
policy.
As was 10 be expected, the sue
cess of the Turkish Nationalist has
encouraged other enemy powers TO
agitat5 for revision OF the peace
conditions. At the recent sittings
OF the budget committee of the
Hungarian parliament the minister
of war begged that at the discussion
of the budget In the plenary sittings
there should be no motion made 10
reduce the military appropriations
as the army must be held ready TO
support the claims OF Hungary teI
regain the territory taken away from
her after the world war.
Behind all these STRINGS. looms
the specter of Russian intervention.
The arrogance OF Ismet Pasha can
only be explained by the fact that
the Government OF Angora looks to
Evening journal., 1922-12-16

lem. There are risks OF unseason-
able floods, droughts and frosts' OF
blights and of other devastations that
NAV make and do make every year
inter failures out of thousands OF
crops that competent farmers nave
undertaken to raise. Moreover there
are thousands OF new farmers'start-
ing out every season with no record
of achievement in the communities
in which they settle.
Nevertheless the country wants
these, farmers to have chance and
n fair chance to raise their crops
because the country wants to be
assured Of a full supply Of food for
domestic consumption, with a sur
Mus for export trade. The question
a. how best to meet this situation,
and the general opinion Of farmers
and financial experts alike seems to
be that IL is something that would
better be handled by farmers them
selves in given communities acting
in cooperation.
But, at that, the need of the
farmers as a whole being borrowed
money, the. call Of the cooperating
individuals or organizations still
would be for outside financial sup
port, whether from a banking sys-
tom or from the Government itself.
And this does not mean fabulous
moneys TO be raised only by colossal
taxes. There is no need of that
The experience OF the War Finance
Corporation in the crucial postwar
period of drastic agricultural defla-
ton has proved. as made clear by
Mr.. Meyer, that no unreasonable
money mass is required to finance
all legitimate needs OF American
The limit within which
Congress should stay will be wide
enough to take care of the farmers;
it will not empty the Treasury.
So wild craftsmanship in Con-
gress cannot make of this problem
anything supernatural; and well
balanced craftsmanship need not
regard any part of it as impossible
or impracticable.
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
WhyAmerica Holds AIoof

The statement by Prime Ministe
Bonar Law that the British govern
ment will be unable TO pay its debt
to the United States until Germany
pays reparations will come as a dis
agreeable surprise. The policy pur-
sued by the British government up
TO this time. and the assurances Civ
en-, at least informally, have caused
Americans generally TO believe that
the British debt would soon be in
process of liquidation. without re-
gard to the reparations question. II
was widely announced. some weeks
ago that the British chancellor of
the exchequer was about to sail for
this country to adjust the interest
payments and fund the debt, when
he was prevented from sailing by
the downfall OF the Lloyd George
ministry Now. according to the
new prime minister. there Is no pos
of paying this debt unless
Germany pays what II owes.
lit be true that the debts owed
by the allies are depending upon
The payments of Preparations by Ger
many, Americans will be more dis
posed than ever to condemn the |
actics of the allied premiers. espe-
tally the tactics pursued by NJ. |
'oincare of France. Mr.. Bonar
law went very far yesterday in his
address to the house OF commons
n setting forth the French point of
lew. He expressed sympathy with
france. and agreed in many parti-
ulars with the arguments which
he French government has advanc
d in support OF its aggressive atti-
ude toward Germany. But Mr..
'onar Law went further and de-
Jared that the British government
Evening journal., 1922-12-16

Paris conference is doubtless en-
couraged by the hope that soviet
Russia, Turkey, and Bulgaria will
bring pressure to bear upon the
allied powers, perhaps to the extreme
OF an outbreak of war In the event
of war between the powers and Tur-
key, it is almost foregone con-
clusion that the Russian red army
would fall upon Roumania. That
would be Hungarys opportunity.
Either Czechoslovakia and Jugo-
slavia would be compelled to go to
the aid of Roumania or dissolve the
little entente The dissolution Of
this entente would leave each coun-
try alone, perhaps at the mercy Of
powerful neighbors. A lineup OF
Turkey, Bulgaria, Russia and Hun
gary would create a danger of ap-
palling magnitude, especially In view
OF the smouldering fire along me
Franco-German border. The Euro
pean war might be rekindled on a
scale approaching that OF the recent
war. and with possibilities CT evil
equally great. ...
The worlds peace imperiously calls
upon the premiers Of the allied
powers TO redouble their efforts to
reach = common understanding and
a common policy. The negotiations
on reparations should be ended forth
with. Germany and Francel should
be brought to an understanding,
however rough It may be. They
will never be friends, but at least
they can agree not to fight. II Is
up to them to do this much for the
rest OF the world, which has suffered
so much because of them. The.
other powers owe It to humanity. to
exercise all possible pressure upon
both France and Germany to bring
about an agreement. With the
German differences adjusted,
the danger OF a war arising in
Europe and spreading
over the continent would be greatly
The threat OF an at
tack by the Russian red army would
lose its force IL the allied powers and
should be actually at peace.
Then it would be to the interest of
the German people TO maintain
peace. At present, with France
menacing them with military force,
the Germans make no concealment
Of their sympathy with the Russo
Turkish cause.
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
America s Great Stake
in a Normal Europe
' from the New York
(From the New York Herald.)

Holding TO her traditional policy
of keeping out of foreign entangle-
ments America kept out OF the great
war nearly three years.
1t was not till the dark clouds of
battle hung low over the allied ar
mics that America threw herself
into the struggle to save a normal
Europe and a normal world.
Reinforced by American troops
and backed by the vast resources of
America the Allies ground down the
enemy armies and forced their cap
itulation.
Americas stake in that decision Is
represented by her thousands and
tens of thousands of dead soldiers;
is represented by an army Of 221,-
900 crippled and wounded soldiers;
is represented by an original outlay
of thirty-fve billions of dollars,
which will mount to a hundred bill
lions of dollars before the last cent
OF war debt and war expenses is
paid.
II has been four years since the
war ended, and all the while the
after war conditions have been get
ting worse. The bungling of the
Versailles Treaty has characterized
the handling Of things generally by
the Allies.
with four years OF tinkering at
readjustment since the armistice the
Allies have failed 10 measure up to
their responsibilities. The reason
for this is that they are too close to
the situation and are still too strong
" under the prejudices OF the war,
and are dominated by their diver
gent national interests.
Considered as a whole, the gem
eral condition Of Europe today is
less deplorable than It was
At the end OF armed hosulities. In
many respects It is much worse.
This is especially true of Germany
and Austria, with their money sys-
ems wholly broken down, with
poverty gnawing at the soul Of the
people, with the spirit Of bolshevism
md kindred isms insinuatiDg Itself
nto the heartsp of the people and J
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
The Seeds of War
(From the washington POst.)

Moscow for aid and support in its
opposition TO the will of the allied
powers. The abolition OF the
capitulations, with the suppression
OF all the guarantees for the safe
guarding of the rights of the Chris
tlan minorities, would be the death
warrant for hundreds OF thousands
of Christians. II is true that, with
the expulsion OF the Christian popu-
latlon. no foreign nation would any
longer have any economic interests
in Turkey, as all that country's
foreign commerce is in the hands
Of the non-Turltish sections OF the
nation II these were expelled all
that would be left would be the
Turkish peasants. a poor and ignor-
ant body OF. primitive husbandmen,
who have no interest whatever in
trade with the outside world.
The Turks rely upon the support OF
the Russian soviet to wiring from the
western powers such concession as
will destroy all the benefits won by
the world war How far the Rus
sian reds will go to the aid OF the
Turks or Magyars in case OF a break
with the allied powers is an unan-
swered question. Trotzky Is said to
have an army of 100000 men, well
armed. well drilled, and well placed
for an attack upon RouElania or
Poland. Reliable observers are
agreed that the Russian army Is the
strongest in Europe.
Undoubtedly the strength OF the
Russian army is an influence which
has helped to paralyze allied coun7
ellis at Lausanne. Renal Pasha
has worked the Russian alliance
skillfully in his negotiations. and
Tchitcherin is carrying on the work
at Lausanne. The plans Of the reds
are not revealed. They are pre-
sumed to be laid along the lines OF
recent announcements by .Lenine,
Trotzky, and Tchitcherin. These
utterances are to the effect that Rus
STA will not accept any settlements
which deny Russian rights. such as
the denial OF Russian participation
in the disposal OF Constantinople
and the Straits. There is a distinct
threat in the communists observa
lions which has not been overlooked
by the men who are guiding the
policy OF the allied powers
The ambition of Hungary to re-
gain territory taken from her by the
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
A RECORD WITHOUT PARALLEL

TUE budget for the fiscal ending June 80, 1924
IL exclusive Of postal and expenditures
amounts to about tao75 OoO which is $500 900
less than the total actually appropriated the
rent year
Due TO readjustments in the Postoice Department II
is expected to show surplus for 1924 OF almost
100000 instead of the large deficiencies OF recent
years
1t also is predicted that the entire national budget
will show surplus OF about 900 at the close OF
the fiscal year 1924.
Even the estimated deficit for 1929 is expected 10 BE-
materially reduced IL not entirely eliminated before
he end Of the year by the energetic efforts the
tive departments in cutting expenditures even below the
mounts appropriated by Congress All Of this should
give pleasure to Delaware taxpayers
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
POTATOES AND rARrrr

nURING the late campaign the Democratic party
- solemnly assured the country that the imposition
by the Fordney Mccumber tariff law Of 80 cents
bushel duty potatoes would result in an addition 10
the cost OF living of the American people of $3.50
annually. Potatoes in Nebraska now quoted at IS
cents busheL VIII the Democrats contend that
the 80 cents duty Is added to the price, and that IL
potatoes free the price the Nebraska farmer
would be five cents2 In Maine they are sending their
potatoes 10 the starch factories on account Of low
prices. Will the Democrats contend that the Maine
farmers getting their piece of that $3.50 900?
The Democrats declared in the campaign that the
new tariff law would add $4,000 100000 the cost
living Of the people OF America. Such statement was
utter rot but 1t evidently had effect The case
potatoes Is applicable many other, the
jority in fact. American products The Democrats
distributing their bunk completely dsregarded the
economic law Of supply and demand, which is as fun
dan~ntal as the law Of gravity
Evening journal., 1922-12-16

with no light penetrating the SOM
Der gray of life, with its cold and
hunger and deprlvatioDs.
Austria's situation is hopeless;
Germany Is now a world menace.
The Austrians are a gentle people.
fading out. There are only six mill
lions of them, while the Germans
number seventy TO eighty millions
a forceful, determined people, stag
gering under an indemnity which
in their generalization and poverty
they couldn't lift in a thousand
years.
It Is hopelessly impractical TO In
sist on enslaving a race down
through the centuries. A big race,
rapidly expanding, a race with cour-
age and spirit and genius for organ
ization, will not be so enslaved.
The purpose to keep Germany
down, to keep her in poverty, TO
keep her in subjugation so that she
can never again become d military
menace, is a colossal fallacy. The
pursuit Of this policy has made Ger
many an economic menace 20 all
Europe ann 10 sno nOAAtg oAN -
making for another world con-
fiagration. It can mean nothing else.
The readjustment OF indemnities
by the Allies, indemnity payments
demanded by the Allies, and the
general attitude OF the Allies, and
the general attitude OF the Allies
on economic and social conditions
in respect of the fallen foe-all
these, considered a a whole, show
nothing OF the American attitude,
show nothing OF the American spirit.
The truth is the Allies are now
no nearer to a satisfactory solution
of the after war conditions in Eu-
rope than they were TO triumph at
arms when America answered their
urgent call for help. America fur
nished the solution then; America
can furnish the solution now and
should do so. Americas stake in
the triumph OF allied arms; Ameri-
cas- stake in a normal Europe;
stake IN world peace
makes this action imperative.
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
With the Photographers

But the new tariff will not prove as elastic a. the
stories that were published against before its enact
ment-St. Louis Times
Maybe one reason why football draws the crowds IS
that shows so many college students working as hs
as they can.-Boston Herald
We arc proud DR.. C. y. Allen well known physician
has moved into community. II is getting 10 where
a person can't tell when he will need good doctor
Holland news in Benton (Ark) Courier
BY a Will hled in the Knox county court Maine last
december. Mrs Foudray provided for her cat Bean as
ioHows If die before my Bean he is to have the
pest OF care, allowed TO sleep the table or window
sill and not left out of doors ALL and IS per month
Is for salmon, milk and meat. When he dies he is to
nave white casket made and be buried in my LOT in
Achorn cemetery and small put up for him cost
ing 500" Bean died hrst.-Portland Press-Heraid
James Wheatley OF this place to Lakesville Mon
day on duckng expedition. lie did not have very
good luck getting duck He shot at a single duck
flying overhead and the feathers When the bird
was retrieved it found that the feathers shot
from the body and wings but not grain of shot en-
tered the ducks body. Shooting away the feathers
forced it TO fall into the where It drowned
fredericksburg Courier.
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
No Politics With Rural Credits
tFrom the New York Herald)

4 ponds on the farmer for it's food and
clothing the debatable question at
this point is what should be the
| limit in the size OF such farm loans.
! But obviously a farm worth $50, 900
cannot be adequately financed on the
same amount as a farm worth
$4,000. Obviously, also. a farm
worth $50, 900 is as strong collateral
for a loan OF $685. 900 or $4,000 as a
farm worth $1,000 is for loan OF
$4,000 or $500.
And any American mind OF vision
and Imagination can see that a low
limit on farm loans, irrespective Of
the capacity OF the farm to produce
and OF the capacity OF its owner to
make II produce, means nothing bet
ter than an enforced system of petty
farming in this country OF grand
scale performances.
Another need OF the farmer Is a
bank loan on his crop when It is a
tangible. concrete fact ready or al
most ready for market but which he
does not want to sell yet because Of
market conditions. Here again there
is perfect collateral in the crop itself,
on a proper marginal valuation, and
there is nothing in that for an agrl-
cultural banking system to be
afraid Of.
The. third natural requirement Of
the farmer involves what is known
in business as a moral risk. In this
case he has no crop TO put UP as col
lateral; perhaps he is a tenant,
farmer and owns no land. He wants
to raise a crop and the country wants
him to raise a crop. He needs money
for seed. for implements, for labor.
He needs money for himself and his
family to live on during the year it
will take him to raise, harvest and
market his crop. And he must
get It.
This is no new thing in the gem
eral business field. where the greatest
an most successful bankers habit
ually make loans to men-character
loans--on their standing in me com
munity. This. however, Is the real
cruX of the agricultural credit prob
Evening journal., 1922-12-16

, Brtain's debt 10 the United States
will not be paid. after all unit
Germany pays, he deeply disap-
points Americans and causes them
to lay emphasis upon the contradic-
tory assurances that have come
from British sources.
Do the allied governments really
wish to bring about peace in Eu-
rope? Do they really wish to collect
reparations from Germany. TO such
an amount as Germany can pay, or
do they wish to paralyze Germany
and prevent her from becoming a
commercial rival? II they are bent
upon paralyzing Germany and are
willing to forgo PREPARATIONS in or
der to accomplish that result, do
they think It is fair TO the United
States 10 make payment OF their
debts to this country contingent
upon a better situation in Germany
which the allies do not intend TO
tolerate?
Americans are not so ignorant of
the situation as some of the Euro
pean statesmen seem to assume.
President Harding threw out the
suggestion the other day that in the
four-power treaty the European
governments might find the true
method of reaching peace. The plan
and method of the Washington con-
ference affords a good model for a
conference in Europe. But the gov
ernments of Europe do not seem to
favor the principle of equal sover-
eighties cooperating voluntarily and
openly in adjusting their differences. |
Europe clings to secrecy. intrigue, I
and the principle Of force. There
tore the breach between Europe and |
America widens with each revelation
~ European failure TO take the |
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
CFrom the Washington Post)

could not countenance any policy
which would make It impossible for
Germany to pay Preparations. He was
evidently aiming at the French
policy which seeks TO obtain by mill
tary methods what diplomacy has
failed TO obtain from Germany. This
fiat declaration makes it probable
that, NJ. Poincare will modify his
position before the conference of
premiers on January 2. Otherwise
1t will be useless for the premiers to
meet, for every meeting resulting
in disagreement has left the allies
further than ever from the collec-
ton OF reparations from Germany.
When the British prime minister
asserts that Great Britain can not
pay the United States so long as
France. Germany, and Italy fail to
pay anything to Britain, he presents
to the United States a strong rea-
son why Il should refrain from be-
coming entangled in European af-
fairs Instead Of causing Americans
10 become eager champions of a |
financial conference which would |
include the United States. for the |
adjustment of European difficulties.
this declarations turns them away |
from European affairs, for the sim
pie. reason that II indicts the good |
sense OF European governments and
,onWcts them of acts which are re-
ougnant to the American sense OF
air play.
When the French government re-
uses to make accomm odations
which will bring about the payment
" Preparations by Germany, the ac-
ion IL equivalent 10 a reputation OF
frances debt to Great Britain and
o the United States. When Great
Evening journal., 1922-12-16
THE HABIT OF ACCIDENT

From the Toledo Blade.
An automobile owner in a small
town in Illinois has been involved In
nineteen accidents. Seven of his
cars have been demolished. From
his latest accident, a few days ago.
he emerged unhurt, a fact promis-
ing future adventures and more
work for the repair man.
There are bad insurance risks.
Why should not the police and
courts recognize that certain persons
constitute bad highway hazards and
deal with them for the community
good? They have the accident habit.
They may not be speeders. Indeed,
such speeders as taxicab drivers are
among the best drivers in the world.
Negligence of the common rules OF
the road, the taking OF chances a.
road and railroad crossings. leaving
1t to other drivers TO slow up or
dodge or get out of the way how
ever they can when vehicles are
passed-these breed more accidents
than stepping hard on the accelera-
ter. The accident fiend may go be-
fore the Judge with the most novel
excuses and the most persuasive
slibis. But the simple truth that he
has had several accidents when the
great body OF motorists have had
none ought to be enough to FORBID
him the use of the highway except
as a passenger.
1t is time that thorough and In
telligent analysis were made of auto
mobile accidents. We do not doubt
that the study would reveal many
more motorists of the type OF the
than Is popularity believed