davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1922-12-08

hind men who bravely proclaim the
principles for which they stand and
who acknowledge no invisible gov
eminent"
Mr.. Looney decries the attempts
to bring religious prejudiefs into
state politics. His statement fol-
lows:
"The duty Of every patriotic citi-
zen is to be prepared to serve his
country whenever that country
calls.
'In 1924 Louisiana calls all her
qualified citizens to the ballot box;
qualified means those who have
paid their poll taxes in 1922 and
1923 and who are registered.
There should be no distinction
between a patriotic citizen and a
qualified citizen-but, unfortunate
ly qualified and patriotic are not
synonyms.
False Shibboleths Raised
Patriotism necessarily implies
self-forgetting and circumscribes an
area not limited to ones family,
ones community, ones creed, or ones
associates and fraternities, but fo'-
lows the flag, reading and spread
ing its doctrine Of Faith and Hope
and Charity, Patriotism is love of
country, and love is the fuIl-blown
flower Of tenderness. Hate and .ove
never did and never can dwell to-
gether. Hate and prejudice are in
tertwined, they are the ingredients
Of q witch's cauldron and not ele-
ments Of citizenship. And, yet.
these ugly twins have exercised the
power Of infatuation over many .
good mans mind.
"False shibboleths have been
raised by interruptions seekers aft
er power which would be used to
disintregate the commonwealth; ul-
timately to destroy our country's
institutions, and strike her with i'm
potency. Only, In Union is
Strength If raise my hand
against my neighbor, I create in
ternecine strife and assault COM
munity interests. Men who, in one
state, one country, one municipality
band together and conspire against
others in that same body corporate,
attack the stability Of government,
threaten the integrity Of society,
blindly join the ranks of the insen.
safe iconoclast.
"The Democratic Party is a ma
tional organization, state branches
are but agencies. The success of the
whole party depends on the intelli.
gent action Of its subdivisions.
"In the great cities, there is q
different constituency from that
existing in the ruraa communities
The opportunities Of contact with
their fellow men perhaps make
them more considerate even Of the
faults and follies Of their fellow
men, but after all they have within
them the same human nature, and
'sef-preservation il the first Law
Of nature especially human ma
ture-.z-
'Whsn an attack 10 made
upon the right to worship God
according to the dictates Of ones
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1922-12-08
LOONEY ATTACKS SECRET
ORDERS.
Urges Democrats To Pay Poll Taxes
To Meet Coming Crisis.

SHREVEPORT, La, Dec. a.
(Special) Frank j. Looney, chair
man of the Democratic State Cen
trail Committee Of Louisiana, today
issued an appeal to all Democrats
Of the state to pay their 1922 pol
taxes and to qualify themselves fer
the state and national elections of
1924. The polls for 1922 and 1928
will be required.
ut is the duty of every good Dem
ocrat," declares Chairman Looney,
''to pay his poll tax, 50 that the
power of the electorate will be be-
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1922-12-08

with u. s. Senator and Congress
men. ANY voter who rails t.. pay the
toll tax this year will be cepr;ved Of
the vote during 1924.
Hoping that all good Democrats
Of the Parish will not fail in this
plain duty, I am,
Yours truly,
THOS. n. WADE,
Chairman of Parish Democratic e.
ecutive Committee. ?
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1922-12-08
CITIZENS MEETING CALLED

st. Joseph, La, Dec. 4th, 1922.
We, the undersigned residents Of
Tensas parish, feeling that the is
terests of the entire parish can be
bettered by organization, do hereby
request all farmers and business
men Of all vacations to meet in st.
Joseph, at the Court House, on
Tuesday, Dec. 18th, at 10 a. M, for
the purpose Of organizing Tensas
Parish Farm Bureau There will be
present at this meeting Harry F.
Kapp, of the Louisiana Farm Blu
reau Federation, who will explain
the Farm Bureaus method Of CO.
operative buying and selling. This
organization is now active in many
parishes of Louisiana to the great
benefit of the growers of these par
ishes.
The Farm Bureau is q national
organization and this meeting is Of
vital Importance to every business
man and farmer in Tensas parish,
and we urgently request full at
tendance Of all planters and bust
ness men.
D. F. ASHFORD
JAS. P. ALLEN
F. II. CURRY
w. M. DAVIDSON
THOS. M. WADE, JR,
B. F. YOUNG.
Do Il Now|Psy Your Poll TAIL
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1922-12-08

One of the most useful and
beautiful of presents. Table
lamps $500 up. Floor
Lamps as low as SIS COM
plete. A large assortment.
Tensas gazette. [volume] (St. Joseph, La.) 1886-current, 1922-12-08

"Whsn an attack 10 made
upon the right to worship God
according to the dictates Of ones
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
KENNY OPENS UP
SECOND CHAMPAIGN
BY THE WATcHMAN

Raymond Kenny. bold and fair.
with smi1ing--face and, handsome
hair fearless. fighting nominee 20
Congress OF Democracy from the
first West Virginia district has
opened mis- campaign which he
hopes will carry him to success
over Ben Rosenbliom in the fail
Raymond was in Fairmont Satur-
day and held a short conference
with e number Of friends:
Raymond says after a short va
cation at Deer Park, Md, follow
ing the primary that he is ready
for tire drive. He intends to make
a PERSONAL canvass of the voters
in the district and has been in sew
eTal counties already
Yesterday he spoke at the Miller
family reunion in Wetzel County.
From now on 1T will beSa hard JOB
to reach this young fellow, as he IS
going to be on the road all the
time. He may drop into Grafton
for the week ends, but outside OF
these little rest periods he will De
hitting the high spots by automo-
bile, train and trolley.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
BRING
MAN BACK TO GIRL

BECKLEY, Aug. 2S-Quick
action by West Virginia State
Police here helped right a wrong,
and while it did not save a young
woman. it at least frightened a
very dark future.
Anle1ectrician.2 years old had
been Keeping company with her
secretly. The affair was unknown
until the girl sobbed her plight to
her mother. Approached on a
Friday evening the youth prom1s..
ed marriage. and the next day he
did get married, but to another
girl. He got only as far as Oswald
ten or twelve miles from here,
when he was overtaken by Troop
ers Gibson, Waugh and Shrews-
bury and brought back.
Confronted with the girl. the
youth admitted his perfidy, and
tcowardice in. forsaking the future
mother Of his child. Hating him
as much as she had previously
loved him, the girl refused pro-
position to have his wedding up
set that he might LARRY her, pre-
ferring to leave the memory of the
affair with his new bride, a woman
she knew. The man then made a
satisfactory financial settlement.
agreed to certain1 stipulations
made by the court, and was freed
to continue his honeymoon.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
COX RAISED T. ]: BY B y
LONDON 1: \ PRESS R E|:.'S';iS';
Mantle of Wilson Assigned
by Gazette as Reason
for His Stand.

LONDON. Aug. 2s.-(By the AS
sociated Press1-All the London
morning newspapers today feature
the statement given ont Saturday
by James NJ. Cox former Democra.
tic candidate for President and deal
with 1t in lengthy editorials vel
coming especially his suggestion
that Herbert Hoover represent the
United States in tackling the re
.parations problem.
Such proposal from the man
who is usually regarded as the
leader OF the Democratic party.
says the Times, shows a real de-
sire to come to the assistance OF
Europe regardless of the smaller
considerations Of domestic poll
tics"
The Westminster Gazette as
sumes that Mr.. Cox is committed to
his viewpoint by the fact that The
mantle of Wilson descended upon
him at the last election" Never
theless, the newspaper adds, "he
is an apt leader Of American opin-
ion and we are glad to Know the
recent course Of events has stren-
gthened his views as to the right
policy for the United States to
adopt"
Like some of the other newspa-
pers the Gazette argues that Amer.
lea must bear some share Of re-
sponsibility for what has happen
ed in Europe, but says:
I'VE can scarcely hope for a
thick enough change in the Ameri-
can policy to help us in our present
emergency"
The Daily Chronicle thinks that
"if the great weight of America.
as represented by Hover, were
thrown on the side of the sound
policy of Preparations 1t would
have the double effect OF re-acs
ing confidence in Germany ano
helping reconcile her creditors to
the only scheme which the world
financiers would back.
The Daily News terms Mr.. Cox's
suggestion the most peaceful that
have yet appeared.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
led but the stroke must keep an
even, steady rythm
2 Anerjcan5 Crawl

The American scrawl combines
the beginners crawl given in the
second lesson with the additional
points In the arm motion given in
the trudgon; the breathing as de-
scrtbed and the crawl XIX. The
kick isS-a straight up and down
movement ankles and knees ex-
tended legs passing each other in
an eighteen inch radius heels juss
breaking the top Of the water as
they churn up and down.
The crawl is done with two.
four to six beat kick meaning thaf
the legs pass each other in the up
and down movement every time
the arms come over the top Of the
water and double and treble them
selves to each arm movement in
the four and six beat kick.
The speed of the stroke depends
upon the speed of the kick. Tha
crawl is a special speed stroke and
is used in all racing as the fastest
swimming stroke.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
This Date in History
Life and Character<Reading
AUGUST IS.

This is the. last day in which
the sign OF Yirgo-Leo holds abb
solute sway. This is the sign of
the Fire and Earth together, but
the fire in this Instance seems ma
turally turned reproductive issues
r. Their than destructive.
&! These people are rarely satis-
fed with indoor life, and would
wish to spend all their time out
OF doors with as few garments as
possible. They are true children
of nature. However, being unable
to do this, they demand the best
and the most tasteful in quality
AID style, and the finest adorn-
ments for the home.
They are usually good, clean
wholesome people, whom one likes
to associate with, and they are
always good and intelligent citi-
zens.
Steel workers, mechanics, and
engineers Will be greatly helped
by the Want Ads IL they read them
faithfully every night.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
business Opportunities

ADVERTISE tNErAnaPA. II you
want to buy. sell or exchange ac-
vertise your wares in Tampa and
South Florida. One OF the most
prosperous Regions or today. AL
ways use Times want Ads. LarE
est Tampa circulation and larges.
daily average wang al lineage o,
any Florida paper. Guaranteed TIC
all advertisers. Regular rate oEe
cen. per word. Monthly rate on ap-
plication. Inquiries cheerfully an
swered. Address THE TAMPA
TIMES, Tampa. Florida. 3S66h
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
PITTSBURGH Coal
ASSOCIATI0N.NO|.|.I
[0IGHANG i: STAND NJ.
Officials Declare Action OF
Steel Concerns Will Not
Affect Controversy

EPITTSBURGH. Aug 2S.---Accep-
lance of 4the Cleveland coal agree
ment: by the Jone Laugh lin Steel
sC Co., the Lackwanna Steel and Ia e
Midvale Steel for their mines in the
Pitts burgh district, as announced
IastEnighI at the district offices OF
the United Mine Workers of Ameri-
was said by officers of the
Coal Producers Associa
lion to have no affect on their con-
StroYersy with the union which, they
Il added, had narrowed to the ques-
8 ton Of the check-off-
In this connection twas pointed
out that the steel companies which
assigned the scale do not sell coal.
Gabue use 1t in their own mills, the
ssJones &sEaughIin Co., alone mining
sSabouts16,o 900 tons a day This coal,
IT was, asserted, would not be avafA-
able tosrelieve the shortage. as it
was shipped from the mines toithe
mills in boats, on the Monongakela
'kBiyer and therefore was not sub
4Jset;to priority orders from any gov
Sernment source.
- Important meetings of the Pitts
urghSproducers and the Freeport
ssAssociation were scheduled for this
afternoon.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
POSES AS TROOPER

WILLIAMSON, Aug 2S-Abe
Beverly OF Mcdowell County made
"a grave mistake while trying to
dodge guilt on drunk and dis
orderly charge here. When his
case was called he presented a
forged pasteboard which was sup
posed to prove that he had been
appointed a state policem an,
"good until January 1, 1925
Capt J: r.. Broekus appeared and
stated Beverly wasn't state
trooper, and even If he was such
unseemIy conduct should only in
crease the penalty. AS result
Beverly was fined SIS and costs,
totallinS S3S.c5.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
FOUR MINERS ARRESTED

When county officers visited a
shanty at the Wise mine below this
city Saturday afternoon they found
a quantity of home brew and ar
rested four men. The officers
were called to the Wise mine to
settle a disturbance between mine
employees and others. The mine Is
operated on an open shop basis
and has been the scene of conside
able disorder since the settlement
of the mine strike. The5.four men
who were arrested and brought to
the county Jail gave the names OF
Duncan McDavid, Dervian} Kerth,
Joseph Miller and George Nead1ey.
Three Of the four men arrested
were said to have been particip-
ants in the mine trouble:
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

Editors Note-This is the
fifth of a series of anicles
which are being prepared for
The West Virginian on How
to swim by Miss Mildred
! Jones, athletic director of the
y. w. c. "A. In her next and
last article Miss Jones will
take up the breast stroke.
BY MILDRED JONES
Before we take up the trudgon.
trudgon crawl, and crawl, it is
necessary to understand the
method of breathing under the
water. To practice breathing.
stand with the knees bent and
hands upon hips. SO that the head
is close to the water. Turn the
head to left and parallel to the
water, breathe in through the
mouth ssubmerge the head by turn
ing it slowly to right and back to
left forcing air out through nose
as head turns and when the head
reaches surface, force the remain
ing air out quickly and take an
other breath through the mouth
and submerge again.
To combine this breathing with
arm motion of trudgonA trudson
crawl and crawl, take deep
breath through your. mouth every
time your breathing arm Cleft. il
you swim on your right side)
swings over the top of the water.
Begin by taking breath every
three or four strokes, gradually
breathing on every stroke. that is,
every time your left arm comes
out Of the water.
Trudsonl Stroke
The trudgon combines the crawl
arm motion with the side stroke
or scissor kick. It is a slow NOV
ing stroke especially good as is
tance swimming.
|. The arm motion for trudgon.
trudgon crawl and crawl is iden-
teal, the fundamentals Of which
were given in the second article
on beginners crawl. In addition
to those points. remember how
ever that the arm must be elevated
above the water, elbow slightly
bent before it starts its forward
swing over the top of the water,
that the fingers are close together,
wrist straight, thumb leading as
the arm goes into the water aud
that the pull comes from shoulder.
arm reaching down and back
through the water. making a
somersanlt circular movement in
all. When the right arm is NOV
ing oye- the top of the water, and
body is turned ION the left side.
the lega. knees and ankles are
close together and are dragging
through the water; but as you
roll over on your left side the legs
| bend preparatory to the scissor
1xIclr and 7Gtl1e kick comes as the
left arm, breathing arm, reaches
out over the top of the water.
Trudson Crawl
The trudgon crawl is the same
as trudgo with an added crawl
kick, movement str:RA,t up and
down from the hips, and comes
when the body is on the left side
right, hand swinging over water.
The legs pass each other in the
regular up and down movement.
This kick can be>doubled and treb,
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
IQll 1. RUNMANY
PICNIC | u: ! EXTRAS J S
Fourteen Specials Cars Will
Leave Here Tomorrow
for CIarksburg.

Everything is ready for the out
1sSgss for the employees of the Fair
mont and Clarksburg divisions OF
the M .9aP. & rR. Co. to be held
tomorrow and Thursday at Nor
wood Park, ClaCksburs.
Fourteen special cars will leave
here tom orrow morning about 5
g o'clock for Clarksburg carrying 50 !.
passengers. There will be total
ssof 1859 persons at the picnic to-
morrow OF which number 20S vii!
sSbes children under 10 years old.
kHTOnsThursday a like number of
SApecials will leave here. carrying
19O2 passengers. There will be l.
272#people at the picnic Thursday
with 1872 children under 10 years
- splendid program of entertain.
sment shas been arranged for the
Carl 3 johnson and Mrs. T. {.
have ben named to
Organic the Clarksourg commit
a. Blaine Spurgeon
and Mrs George Al. Alexander
saS5s,wsili organize the Fairmont COM
nlittees
1{ssomnosed of w. C. Kline. j. I.
=
The election com mittee. which
Z handles the. elections for executive
committeeman is composed of w /.
IS Warren, l.. B. Satterficld. Mar
sfinHWagner, j. w. Smallwood.
Brown, Miss Margaret
saines and Miss Frances Liller.
The m blicity com mittee is DOM
s ssssSposedsof Francis McQuillin, Miss
Gaines and Pat O'Dea-
- N4hsy following are on the music
ss4seoIn mittee E. Miller. j. i.
Beals and Fred Painter
Carl Johnson Clark Miller ana
Seymour7 Shinn form the commit
tee son grounds. J.
SEQ Is 9composedFo of w d. Hall,
ssF.arI johnson G.. L. Jackson.
Howard gHardesty. FL b. Shawhan
IS IS: 5FisS Sma1lwood. Il. II Hinkie
TsaR Henderson, w. e.. Kline 6.
lgs :g,sssa McCray. 7. r. Norris, John
II :Wrisht and Dad Finnerin.
$50 Onsthe children's carnivalfcon-
IsNtfee are Mrs. w E. Starcher
& NsJ. f Johnson, Mrs. L. b.
e Satterfield Mrs. B. r: >Eletche:
Mrs, Laura Smallwood. Mrs. s.
n. Exliue, Mrs. J. e. Han. MIS-
ii G. Hall. Mrs. Howard =.
rance Meserve. Charles Schimmell
and Charles Gaines
rs - d, Alexander, f. NJ Mc1n-
s. turff. John Stanton J. p. Duna
". ~ Ambrose and Jess Ghilders
form the dance committee.
n SsThe refreshment committee Is
y snmposed Of Earl b. Smith. B. d.
Outright, c. c.. Drummond Clyde
Haught. L. c.. Friend. Walter
price, and NJ Judge. Howard
s1,tnndward and Charles Marsh are
.ta chief ann ouncer while j.. /.
2aeals is the chief OF the drawing
scontest. 81 ,s...l .
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
coLoREpE WOMAN SHOT

A woman giving the name Of
Cora Underwood, colored Of Al
NINA Mines was taken to the Fair
mont Hospital Saturday njtht with
a bullet hole In her leg. She said
that she had trouble with her hus-
band and that he fired several
shots at her, one OF which took
effect. The shooting occurred just
across the Marion County line in
Mononga1ia County.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Personal

%PERsoNAL-cut this out for
luck; your future foretold: send
dime, age birth date, for trial
reading Madame Zodella, 1889
Miami ST. Toledo. Ohio 5261 =
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Help Wanted

FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS have
clerical positions for young men.
women, is upward. $3.50 monthly.
Experience unnecessary. For free
dispositions now open, write j.
Leonard (former Civil Service ex-
aminer) 396 Equitable BLDG. Wash
ington. D. G. 52e6 a
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
IMPoR1AN1 NOTICE

IMPORTANT NOTICE 5--5:eIe
Srhe West Virgfnian viii not be
responsible for more than one In
correct insertion OF any advertise
ment ordered for more than one
time
All cancellat On orders on con-
tract and until forbid orders must
be in writing addressed to the
!. Want-Ad Department. This is for
your protect1on.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Houses For Sale

THREE eight roomed brick houses,
also one house for rent. j. B.
Crowl, SOL Auburn ST. Phone
1146-J. S23S a.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
RACES POSTPONED

gsREADVILLE, Mass, Aug. IS
BThs Grand Circuit races scheduled
4Sfarstoday elpostponed until to-
IN morrow because ofsrain
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Ann1o,1s Goes to
Waynesbu,:g This
Fall; Floor Star

Art Ammons of Fairyiew,
one.of the best bask etball and
baseball players in local seho1-S
astic circles, will enter Waynes--55
burg College this fall. chen
ey,, Williamson, captaln OF the
Fairmont High School football
team last year and all-state
center, will also enter Waynes-
b,rg. Hank" Miller may also
go to the hustlins litS.a college,.
1T is said
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

COMPLETE NEW HOME FUR
NISHINGS. Very attractive E
fer for newly married couple.
Phone 225-M. 5279-A
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

ivICTROLA first class condition.
Will sell cheap. Phone 302-W,.
or apply 131s Elkins street. y
h. Nc 5257A
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

l ONE TON FORD truck with
Smith, form. A<sacrtffce to quick
U. E Brown. Four
States. 1858 A
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Female Help w anted

wANTED-white girl for house,
keeper. two in family. Phone
1856. 5272 a
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Hauling and transfer

>. q. pKICh lol seleIa1 hauling
and teamins. Phone 1461-M.
3416AEE
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Farms For Sale
Miscellaneous For Sale

NATIONALSC CASH REGISTERS
New and usea; easy payments.
National Cash LEICESTER Co..
Clarksburg. w. Va 4607A
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

2 FURNISHED rooms fort light
usekeeping with bath and
laundry. Reference desired. 504
Columbia street East Side. neat
Central School. 627e -Atl
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

ONE FURNISHED light house
keeping room. Rent So 90 per
week. Phone 1114-W. 5275 8
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

TWO LIGHT housekeeping rooms.
close I'm. Phone 1863. 317 High
Street. 5277 "a
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28

FURNISHED ROOMS. Apartment
Q Murphy-De veny Bldg. oppo
site Watson Hotel. 1854 =
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
LEARN TO SWIM

Editor's Note-This is the
: fifth of series of anicles
which are being prepared for
The West Virginian on How
to swim by Miss Mildred
Jones. athletic director of the
y. w. c. a. In her next and
last article Miss Jones Will
take up the breast stroke.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Unfurnished Rooms
Furnished Rooms

FOR RENT. light housekeeping
rooms 211 Chicago. st. 6015A
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1922-08-28
Male Help Wanted

GOOD MEN, Steady work. Helmick
Foundry Machine Co. 5242 4
WANTED: Experienced coal ship
ping and supply clerk. Four
States Coal Co ,Worthington, W..
Va. 5249 a