davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
Judge TaUey Says Prison
Is Not Now Garrett

"Our prisons are no longer what
they were intended to be-" says Judge
Talley, "and that is a corrective in
stitution, the bare thought of return
ing to which should so fill mans
mind with horror that he would fight
temptation to commit a second offense
as he would reject command to swal-
low poison. 1t is amazing, yet none
the less true, that rs per cent. of the
men arraigned in the New York courts
to-day are second offenders.
I'm this connection It is worth point
ing out a condition that comparatively
few citizens realize in their cursory
reading of crime happenings and court
trials in the newspapers. That is that
by second offender one does not mean
n man who has been arrested before
on the same charge, or, for that mat
ter. upon any other charge, but man
who actually has been convicted pre-
viously and has served his sentence.
Not long ago / had to sentence as a
first offender man who had a police
record of eleven arrests on an identi-
cal charge.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
The Warden of Sing Sing Says
Discipline There Is Stern

1--WE have a stern and thorough sys-
tenn of discipline at Sing Sing SAID
Mr. Lawes;-'in spite of all superficial
observations to the contrary. We do
not use the ball and chain; we do not
shave heads: we do not dress the men
I'm. stripes; we have no implements of
torture; we do not use whips or clubs.
The days of that kind of prison disei-
pline have gone, l hope. to stay gone,
and r speak out of long years of prison
experience and not from sentiment.
Our system OF discipline is not the un-
natural system Of brute compulsion;
it issfhe natural system of special re-
wards for good behavior and special
punishments for breaches of the rules.
We classify the prisoners into three
grades. In the highest are the men
whorfaithfully observe all rules and
whoicsatisfactorily perform the tasks
assigned TO them. What we call our
prison privileges go to the men in
thise highest grade. That means the
maximum allowance of visits, of letter
writing. of purchasing tobacco or gro
ceries and of receiving packages from
friends. In the lowest grade there is
no allowance of any kind OF these
things; in the middle grade there is a
restricted allowance. There. is also
the penalty of exclusion from all rec
reatien and entertainment privileges;
there is the further penalty OF trans
fer from Sing Sing to a prison at the
other end of the state, which makes
visits rare matter. If not an impos-
sibility.
G ~
many other prisons. When the wealth
er permits the band plays while the
men march into the mess hall. There
are baseball games and movies. and
once in several months, IL offered.
show from New York. There are also
community singing and occasional lee
lures. an attempt at mass education.
"None OF this entertainment and
recreation costs the state a penny. II
there were no other reason for giving
the men the maximum of hours out
side the cells, there is the all sufficient
reason OF our cell block, a 100-year-old
structure notoriously unsanitary. To
keep thRmen confined In cells all ex
cepte working hours would mean more
tuberculosis, pneumonia, suicide, in
sanity. the breakdown of all hope OF
rehabilitation. We use the yards and
auditorium as best we can, to keep
the smen from despair and reckless
ness
Our normal population Is about
1.150. The men who come TO us range
IN age from is to 40. The mcntaa age
y~sas down TO years. Many are dis
cased and about ~ per cent. are drug
addicts. There is a separate problem
in all these men. II is easy for the
outsider 10 make glib generalization
about prisons. Inside we are faced
withsthe complexities Of human nature
in an its aspects. Our reports tell
about men in totals; day by day we
murt deal with them az indivjduas.
with alIstheir rJcharacteristics, defects
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
Atoms of our Bodies Depend for
Strength or Weakness on Eiectrons

Our bodies are composed of in
Vulnerable atoms. Those atoms. or
areas of them, are strong or feeble in
proportion as they are provided with
and retentive of this fundamental en-
ergizing factor.
Our health, thought and daily vary
ing condition of being may, by a
keenly analytical and introspective
mind, be scheduled. classified and at
tributed to certain relatively obvious
factors among the ramifications of
living and yet, the conclusions though
fabricated upon indisputable facts,
may be quite in error by non-consid-
Grafton of variations of the electronic
element so fundamental to our we'll
being.
The subject is being approached by
many minds and from many angles.
While DR.. Steinmetz hurls thousands
of volts destructively, William III.
Woodin, Jr.. director of electric ther-
apy for the Volunteer Hospital, is
utilizing the most minute portion of
that same element constructively
through the medium of a device which
Is known as an "electr6n emanator."
The emanator, according to him, is
not SO new in its development and ap-
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
Passive Support Of Vivisection Is Branded
By Lover Of Animals as Human Selfshness

the way expected, but oftener they set
up a long train of dangerous after
effects. The whole lot of them, like
certain sorts of dubious mushrooms,
should be labeled "deleterious." Think
of the hundreds of thousands of young
men who went through whole series
OF inoculations in military camps
during the world war. Thousands of
them haven't gotten over the effects
yet. and this has helped start re-
action against the current craze for
preventive medicine"
IL tho public generally could but
be aroused from their indifference
they would see that anti-vivisection-
lists are not cranks. but men and
women who think with feelings suf-
hciently civilized to wish to extend to
animals something of the individual
rights that have been won so hardly
by the human race through the strug-
giles of the centuries toward freedom
and justice. If they could be so
aroused they would finally realize that
there are other correctives than anti
toxins for the banes of the world.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
-SWANN SAYS:

TT HE criminal is the most selfish
individual that breathes. A
sick man? A case for
psychopathic clinic? Not at all
Bringing them up with sharp turn
has hundredfold more effect than
suggesting to them that they are
sick men and can't help committing
crime. The present method of cod
ding the criminal and teaching him
that he is more sinned against than
SHINING has certainly brought no
protection to New York.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
No New Arguments for
Vivisection in 700 Years

Members of the various organiza-
tons composing the American Anti
Vivisection Federation have found no
difficulty in disproving recent argu-
ments advanced for the continued
legalization of the experimental tor
ture of animals. AS a matter of fact
no new arguments have been ad-
vanced, and, apparently. none can be
found that are more effective than the
oldest of them. This is the appeal to
self-interest. and the putting the pub
lie conscience to sleep with claptrap
fear mongcrings.
The arguments Of the vivisectionists
are the same to-day that they were
n hundred years ago, and they were
effectively answered then. Perhaps
the feeblest of all arguments against
the opponents of vivisection was ad-
vanced by the man who asserted the
only surgeons of repute whose names
can be found among these opponents
flourished a hundred years and more
ago. The implication is that all mod
ern surgeons who amount to anything
in their profession are vivisectionists.
waiter ~ IlduWeH, h' ~ picSl-
dent of the British Union for the
Abolition OF vivisection, took up that
point among other stock empty ar
guments in the course OF his reply to
an article by Ernest Harold Baynes
that was printed in prominent
women's magazine in the United
States. The editor of this magazine
frankly declined TO print DR. Hadwens q
reply, stating that she was a vivisec-
tionist and feels that she had re-
sponsibility to her readers. That would
seem to be a curious sense OF respon-
sibility. In view of the pretty general
The New York herald., 1922-05-14

and abnormalities. IT. is a tough job,
an ungratefuI job. We are doing our
best at it and believe we are making
a good showing. But 1 do not want to
be understood as saying that I mean
there is no room for Improvement.
Far from it.
"There is recreation to keep up
health and hope, but there is plenty
of hard work Sing Sing. Last year
we sold $594,35l 1rth of manufactured
products. In ADDITION to our factory
work there is much useful and heavy
labor done by the inmates; the upkeep
of the institution and all of it's SER
vices. A few inmates do clerical work,
nursing and teaching. The inmates
do whatever they are ordered to do
and not what they choose to do.
Small Percentage of Returns"
To the State Prison
"One out of six comes to Sing Sing
for the second time. Most likely they
are those who have lost the viii power
to keep themselves out; those who lack
the intelligence for useful lives. There
are some men whose mental and moral
constitution is so far undermined or
underdeveloped that they ought never
to be at large. That explains many
of the eighteen out of the 100 who
come to Sing Sing as repeaters. But
since most crimes are committed by
men and boys and women and girls
who have never been in any penal i'm
stitution at all the reason for repeaters
must be sought outside those institu-
tions."
In this final assertion Mr.. Lawes
goes directly against Judge Talley's
firm opinion that first offenders are
tempted to become such because they
know of the extensive privileges to be
enjoyed in Sing Sing and hence do not
consider a term there as anything to
be greatly dreaded. AS for the second
and third offenders, Judge Tallsy eyes
them as living evidence that prison
discipline means nothing in their
hardened young lives, and he speaks
literally when he says young lives. He
points out that the age of the average
New York crook to-day runs from II
to 10 years. The crook of 23 and over
is n veteran.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
Mr.. Banton Instances
Shining Marx of Reform

"a man. comparatively young, too
for whom once acted recently got
out of Sing Sing. There was q record
of eight convictions for misdemeanors
against him and he had been a Sing
Sing repeater. He went directly to
the two policemen who had arrested
him for his latest offense and told
them he was through. He convinced
them that he was sincere in his in
tentions to stay away from his old
haunts and his crooked associates.
They helped him to get a job. Not
long ago he got married and it was
he who told the bride all about his
Sing Sing outings and not the neigh
bors. The fellow is on a sort of vol
untary probation, reporting frequently
to the policemen who befriended him.
understand theman is living straight
and believe he will continue to do
so. The New York police do many
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
TALLEY SAYS:

" HE tendency nowadays to
"slop over" criminals is dis
gusting. In the enjoyment
of special privileges during their
period of incarceration it is appar-
ent that State prison has lost all it's
terrors for the habitual evildoer. A
sentence to State prison means to
the average crook nothing more
irksome than a separation from
family. Not only is the criminal
coddled in prison, but he is coddled
by the juries.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
WILLIAM T. JEROME,
Fermer District Attorney.
JEROME SAYS:

n IISPLACED humanitarianism
MI in behalf of the criminal
few reacts painfully against
the majority. The workings of
small but feverishly active group
who are forever trying to make
things easier for the criminal are
marked by most pernicious conse-
quences. These persons dramatize
the sufferings of the young crimi-
nal, and in so doing they are acting
against the best interests of So
ciety.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
Ancient Authorities Dug Up
From Graves to Testify


From Graves to Testify
In the course of his paper DIR. Had
wen said
He (Mr. Baynes) goes on to quote
from a pamphlet issued by the New
York Anti Vivisection Society. entitled
Medical Opinions Against Vivisec-
tion." In that pamphlet appear the
names of number of certain well
known men, and the writer of this ar
ticle heads the paragraph, who Are
These Eminent Doctors?" He pro-
ceeds to endeavor to show that most
of the doctors who had spoken on
behalf of anti-vivisection were out Of
date, men of no standing or position.
That is, of course, the usual role of
the vivisection apologist. Unless you
are vivisector you are not n man
of any standing! 1t doesn't matter
what your degrees may be, nor how
successful you may have been in your
practice, unless you stand with vivi-
sectors you are a man of no stand
ing in the medical profession. .
''Dr. Elliotson was born 100 years
years ago; DR.. Berdoe "was born "a
years ago.; Sir Charles Bell was born
147 years ago, and he died nearly 80
years ago." And so he goes on. that
because these men were born a great
many years ago their work may be
put at n discount and what they have
said may be cast upon the rubbish
heap. BY the same reasoning you
may cast Christ and his Apostles in
the same place. You may scorn Hip
pocrates, the mighty medical genius
who lived 600 years before Christ;
you may laugh at Euclid, who drew
his geometrical problems upon the
desert sand some 1000 years ago: you
may find fault with Newton and his
theory of gravitation; you may quib-
BILE with Copernicus and his system
concerning the movement of this
earth; If you proceed upon these silly
lines even Mr.. Baynes himself may be-
come a lost celebrity q century hence;
Anti-vivisection is not a question of
how long man has lived nor is IL
a question of whether there is n ma
jority on one side and a minority on
the other. 1t is a question of what
is true. Right through the worlds
history truth has been with the mi
norities and not with the majori-
ties.
"But VIC come to an unexpected
admission. Mr.. Bayncs writes thus:
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
JOAB H. BANTON,
Present District Attorney
.BANTON SAYS:

n EXCLAMATION and not ven-
X geance is the idea behind
sending a criminal to prison.
He is put out of the way primarily
that society may be protected, but
in the meantime he is taught the
error. Of his course and effort is
made to bring about a realization
that he is undergoing atcnement
for his offences against society.
"Coddling" is a relative term. AS
in the case with everything else it
may be overdone.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14

lar idea. Stories of the modern Jean
Vatican, prosecuted and preyed upon
by other criminals who know his his
tory, are to the District Attorney the
merest piffie. He relates an episode to
show the possibility of reformation
and, incidentally, as an instance of
sustained hope, which some penolo-
gists maintain is impossible under too
rigorous prison discipline.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
LAWES SAYS:

w TE are not making things too
Wv agreeable for our inmates,
We do not use the ball and
chain; we have no implements of
torture. Our system of discipline is
not the unnatural system of brute
compulsion; it is the natural sys-
tenn of special rewards for good be-
havior and special punishments for
breaches of the rules. Brutalidng
men and boys. giving them nell, will
not solve the problem. There is no
coddling at Sing Sing.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14

town prison he never had a visitor,
he never received letter from home,
he never sat at the Christmas dinner
table with his fellows, he heard no
spoken word save only when the
warden, the prison doctor, the chap
lain and the State authorities oc-
casionally went to his cell door, Even
then their conversation was restricted
to essentials. The attendant who took
his meals was forbidden to address
him.
The explanations attempted by alien
lists of the vicious proclivities of Jesse
Pomeroy are not such as appeal to Mr..
Jerome, veteran student OF criminal
minds. To him the subject of criminol-
ogy is not a question of neuropathol-
ogy. To him the criminal is not a
sick man, he is simply bad man. He
wants something for nothing and takes
it, He will not restrain the primitive
passions of greed and envy and re-
venge.
Criminals Are Bad Men Who
Don't Restrain Impulses
1T comes down fundamentally to
this said Mr.. Jerome: 1.-THE people
who commit crimes are bad men who
will not try to restrain their evil i'm
The New York herald., 1922-05-14

we come to really eminent sur
geon, DR.. Lawson TAFT" Ct NAV saw
incidentally that he was not Doctor
lait. He was not a doctor of medi-
clne' out ne was very eminent sur
eeon.) DR.. TAFT" Mr.. Baynes con-
tinues, was opposed to vivisection.
but later he changed his opinion. This
recantation the circular did not al
lude to-" This is a very serious
charge Of bad faith against the New
York Anti-Vivisection Society. Now.
Lawson TAFT was a personal friend of
mine. He was the greatest and most
original abdominal surgeon-I say It
without hesitation--that ever lived.
He was man who had probably the
most complete and successful num-
Der of abdominal operations placed to
his credit that any surgeon enjoyed
before or since his time, and | am
glad to say that Mr.. Baynes has at
least the candor to acknowledge him
to be "a really eminent surgeon, Mr.
Baynes says, "In this article L have
sought to give facts" and he guar
antees to make no statement with
out ample evidence to support it." I
challenge him in the name of truth to
produce his evidence, and 1 tell him
publicly his statement is falsehood
Lawson Tait Gave His
Views on Vivisection
Lawson TAFT wrote, twelve months
before he died, in a letter which I
have in my possession: "vivisection
has done nothing for surgery but lead
to, horrible bungling." In the same
year that he died he published let
ter in the Medical Press and Circular
May, 1899, as follows:
"'Some day 1 shall have a tomb
stone put over me and an inscription
upon it. l want only one thing re-
corded upon 1t, and that to the effect
che labored to divert his profession
from the blundering which has re-
suited from the performance of ex-
periments on the sub-human groups
OF animal life, in the hope that they
would shed light on the aberrant
physiology of the human groups
Such experiments never have suc-
ceeded and never can, and they have
as in the case of Koch, Pastcur and
Lister, not only hindered true prog.
ress. but have covered our profession
with ridicule.'
T" In the same year, namely, on
April 26, 1899, he spoke at great
meeting in st. James's Hall, London
the last meeting he ever attended, and
moved the following resolution:
That this meeting wholly disap-
proves of experimentation on living
animals. as being crude in conception,
unscientiflc. in its nature and incapa-
BILE of being sustained by any accurate
results useful to humanity
"This s6rely is enough 10 refute the
charge that we anti-vivsectionists
have manufactured testimony"
The New York herald., 1922-05-14

plication as healing and curative
agent that it can be observed, in con-
sideration of cures accomplished, with
any degree of skepticism. The Volun-
teer Hospital has adopted and put to
work for the benefit Of it's patients
what has already been proven to be
an invaluable aid to natures own VII
talizing forces.
For the last three years the electron
emanator treatment has been indi-
Gated and applied in the course of
work at a relatively small industrial
hospital at Berwick. Pa, and during
that time about 1000 clynics have
been under observation. Mr.. Woodin
states that the treatments have re-
lieved or eliminated pain, have caused
ultra-rapid and healthy congestions in
cases of lesion and have curatively in
fiuenced all cases of infiamed or dis
eased tissue and been especially help
full in the various forms of neuritis
and rheumatic infections, all of which
he Classics, in the professionally con-
servative manner, as most crafty
ing"
A Simple Description of
AN EIectron Emanator
The electron emanator is exactly
what it's name implies--a device from
which electrons are caused to emanate.
It's appearance is quite simple. 1t Is
coil of many windings of fine wire,
insulated and wrapped into the sem
blance Of a disc A length of lamp
cord attached thereto, three ampere
fuse and a screw plug for insertion
into an ordinary lamp socket, consti-
tute the entire apparatus. 1t is prac-
tically indestructable.
The coil constitutes an impasse and
the current is thereby screened, so to
speak, into its minutely component
parts, known as electrons, which.
freed from their stream through
definite circuit, radiate without control
upon and through all matter within
their field of influence.
Special rooms are being devoted to
this form OF treatment at the Volun-
teer Hospital. Not that any elaborate
arrangement Is necessary, but merely
that those rooms, for men and for
women, have been provided with
number of conveniently located base
plugs and furniture upon which pa
tients may sit or recline, as comfort
may dictate. Generally speaking,
when patient with a sprained back
appears he is invited to a recumbent
position and an emanator is placed at
the sore spot; but for case of In
grippe. bronchitis or plain "cold" he
Is placed upon a telescope table and
wheeled into an ingeniously equipped
compartment called an "electron cabi-
net Within this cabinet he is sub
jected to a bombardment of electrons
from bank of emanators in conjunc-
ton with intense illumination. Thus
TIE malady is conbated by the vital
izing attack of electrons in addition to
the well known efficacy of light and
heat.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14

papers has contributed as no other'
agency could hope to do to preven-
tion Of the collapse Of the law as a
force to be feared and to be re-
spected.
Warden Lawes, OF the five men
asked about the administration of
prison discipline, was the only one,
as was to have been looked for, who
protested that there was no coddling
OF prisoners, leastwise in his institu-
tiona There is, to be sure, band in
Sing Sing composed of the musically
inclined burglars, gangsters, forgers,
bunco men and other malefactors
among his charges, and this band
plays when the others march into the
mess hall. But Mr.. Lawes does not
regard two-stepping into dining
room as substitute for housekeeping
as an element Of coddling. Theatri-
cal companies from New York run up
to Sing Sing every now and then and
put on show for inmates-but, says
Mr.. Eawes, that is not coddling them
III the ScnOaStlc contingent IN oiIls
Sing turns to university extension lee
tures--a class of forty is taking the
Columbia law course-the sporting
and athletic group has its baseball
games, but. again, says Warden
Lawes. that is not coddling them.
To which Mr.. Jerome responds in
substance: "If that isn't coddling, then
I've suddenly become feebleminded and
ought to consult a brain DOCTOR But
let Warden Lawes speak bit further
in defense of his system:
The New York herald., 1922-05-14

This noted actor is genuine
lover of animals, and gives time
and money to anti-vivisection
aims.
The New York herald., 1922-05-14
Mere Sentimentality,
Sneers the ViviSectionist

But all this the vivisector denies.
lie is fighting every effort that is made
to prevent his torturing experiments
upon the bodies of living animals. At
a recent legislative hearing. when a
trial of public sentiment was being
made with a bill seeking to exempt
dogs from the vivisector's knife, "A
prominent apologist for the barbarous
practice made n long address in which
he purported to argue that the dog
was indispensable to the vivisector, but
in which he really made a shamelessly
pathetic raid on the emotions of his
audience, largely composed Of repre-
sentatives of women's clubs Perhaps
II may be your child whose life will be
saved as result of these investiga-
tions into the possibilities Of antitoxins
and serums." "A dog is given the dis
ease that your child may not have it,"
and so on by the true process OF re-
ductio absurdum until he had argued
himself into claiming, by inference If
not in so many words that all dis
eases will at some vague future period
be banished as with wave of wand
directly upon the application of appro-
pirate and invariably effective serums.
The unhappy fact is that all these
serums and antitoxins are highly un-
dependable. Sometimes they work in