davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1922-09-10
The Wall Street Incubus on Industry

often as possible. without their con-
sent
There We arrive at the root of to-
days important industrial contro-
versies. particularly true in the rail-
road, mining and textile controversies.
Inert capital has been seeking to I'M
pose its imperious demand for divi-
dends upon tho living multitude Of
human beings who do tho work and
consume the product
Service Before Profit.
Tho essential thing is to reverse
the Importance of profit and service.
Profit today is placed first and serv-
leo second. Service must be made
paramount and profit must follow As
a result of service. Human needs OF
workers may then be considered OF
primary Importance in the determi-
nation Of labor policies. management
will be freed of it's greatest burden
and cooperation for ever-increasing
and ever improving production will
be possible to the fullest degree.
Labor looks for that time. and strives
Considering. as we have been, the
relation Of today's "labor problem
to causes and remedies. there are
many things to take into account
The dominant, immediate root cause
Of tho recurring industrial disputes
of magnitude is the domination OF
industry by high finance.
There are many collateral dimcul-
ties. There are many ramifcations
to the general state of affairs coming
under the general heading of indus
trial discomfort" and industrial dis
pute."
New Realtionship Necessary.
Development Of modern industry In
great. factories and mills, bringing
thousands Of workers under the d.
rection Of q single employer. has
changed the relation between en-
ployer and worker and has made new
forms of relationship necessary. In
addition to this. there has been the
growing enlightenment Of the work.
ers and a consequent growing refusal
d
ers once believed was ordained BY
God, and against which 1t was at
least impious to protest
Before power was discovered ana
applied to industry production OF
everything except tho barest essen
tials was for the rich and powerful.
Machine production demands an al
most universal consumption; it re-
uuires that the masses be consumers
Growing up with this mass produc-
tion has been a developing mass de-
mand for commodities which add to
comfort. which afford luxury and
which satisfy the mind.
Good Wages "Goea Business.n
Substantial furniture Is no longer
made exclusively for nobility and
for squires and potentates. Fac
tories could not operate on their de-
mand. 1t must be made for me-
chanics, farmers and small business
men as well; and they demand it.
Telephones are not only for the rich /;
there are not enough of the rich to
support a modern telephone system.
The plumber and the grocer and the
carpenter also must have telephones.
Photographs must be bought by the
masses, at a dollar q week, If need
be. to keep the factories running.
Automobiles have become democ-
ratized: they long since ceased to
Evening star., 1922-09-10

Note.-In publishing this arti-
Gle by the brilliant editor Of the
Emporia Gazette The Star does
not necessarily indorse tho
views he expresses. But Mr..
White brings to tho discussion
of current events a fertile mind
ana an entertaining style, and a
discriminating public will place
its own valuation upon the opin-
ions he advances.
Evening star., 1922-09-10

of men employed. Because great mass
es of machinery cost much money
the money lender has become a most
important factor. The money lender
in olden times was rather q small
figure in the industrial world, though
a power in the political world. Today
he has become the investor in stocks
and bonds, and by degrees he has
come to be the most potent and pow
erful figure in determining industrial
policies. Had the change como sud
denly We should realize and appre-
ciate the scope Of his power much
moro than we do after q slow and
gradual evolutionary process
When bankruptcies occur the re-
ceivership takes charge and operates
the plant or business in the interest
of the investors and the creditors-in
the interest Of finance. That, as well
as anything. shows the Importance
that attaches to great financial power
in modern industry.
Money accumulates through profit
In one form or another and Is passed
along by inheritance. Investors. as
they are called, seek always to invest
so as to secure the highest rate OF
return. Seldom. If ever. do they seek
to invest for the purpose Of producing
the greatest amount Of service.
An UnfeelinE Code.
Finance in industry has. to all in
tents and purposes, been set up as
power distinct from the power OF hu-
man effort Those who invest great
sums Of money have sought to weave
about finance a set of standards and
principles-an identity-separate and
different from tho standards and prin-
ciples applying to human beings. Few
persons would be willing personally
to compel the starvation Of other per-
sons. yet finance may cause that star
walton without bringing condemna-
ton upon those who possess the finan-
cial power. Investments-fnance-
may be SO manipulated as to cause
great misery to large numbers. and
there is a code Of ethics to sonction
this conduct. Corporations are set up
as persons of an entirely impersonal
or non-human character, yet having
more rights and powers than human
beings; and those financial corpora
tions may conduct themselves as no
human being would dare to. because
of these separate codes Of ethics and
standards.
MI
The power brought to human use
through steam and electricity and
machinery is dominated by high
finance. High finance. seeking the
highest rate of return. seeks ever to
determine policies of conduct for the
establishments in which it is invest
ed. Banking houses in Wall street
dominate and even elect the boards
OF directors Of great Industrial and
transportation establishments. These
in turn select managers to suit the
banking control, and these in turn
are compelled to set up policies to
suit the banking control. Labor pol
icies are among the most important
policies in industry. Labor policies
set up to suit a banking control
which is intent primarily upon the
rates of interest and dividends, and
which must have interest and divi-
dends. frequently, on watered stock
and a pyramid Of bond issues, must
be made in violation of the best in
terests of the multitude of workers
and the masses of tho people. and, as
Evening star., 1922-09-10


been a parallel development OF pro-
duction capacity and mass demand.
Education has been a stimulant Tor
the demand; and. in turn. modern In
dustrial and commercial life has
stimulated the demand for education.
There has been a striking develop
ment of compensating forces. Mass
production can exist only in connec-
ton with a mass appetite; and mass
appetite can get satisfaction only
through mass production and ade-
quate compensation.
Wages and working conditions be-
come factors Of the first Importance.
Relations between workers and en-
ployers become Of an Importance
equal to diplomatic relations between
nations. The relations between the
railroads and the railroad workers are
of a great deal more moment to mil
lions Of people than are the relations
between the United States and many
of the nations Of the earth.
Such relations, to serve modern In
dustrial conditions, must be cast In
accord with today's conditions. They
cannot be cast in accord with condi-
tions that existed before we knew
anything about great factories. before
we had electricity and steam. Nor
can they be cast in accord with the
general concept Of human relations
that existed before the masses of the
people came to comprehend what is
meant by democracy.
The Logic OF Organization.
Where groups of men or masses Of
men are employed in single indus
try, frequently by a single employer
and that is the case in modern in
dustry-there must be compensation
for the great change that has come
over the producing power Of the indi-
vidual and over the actual distance
between employer and worker. AS
disappeared. The function of en-
ployer has been divided. There are
now the great financial investors and
the management. Management has
direction Of operations in the indus
try. The great investors, as every
one knows, furnish money to industry
in return for stocks or bonds. demand
ing dividends in return.
Confronted with such a complex sit
uation. the individual workman is
helpless. He must either be a serf-
like dumb brute, voiceless. surren-
derinr all thought Of either protesting
against injustice or of contributing
intelligence and initiative to the pro-
ductive force of which he is part. or
Join with his fellows and in their
COLLECTIVELY attain the status to re-
sent Injustice and attain fair con-
sideration of his rights. Two things
give him a resentment against the
status of serfdom. One is economic
pressure, urging him constantly to
oppose retrogression and to strive for
Improvement. The other is the pur-
pose to exercise citizenship rights in
their broadest interpretation-the
purpose to practice democracy in the
most important sphere of his exist
ence
The Chance to be Heard.
The result of these forces and these
factors is organization. Experience
has taught workmen that the trade
union Is the most serviceable and
practical form Of organization. The
trade unions came. not by decree or
CONTINUED on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1922-09-10
Natural Selection.

Natural Selection.
THE report Of the prohibition com.
i missioner of an increasing num-
Der of deaths this fiscal year from
bad liquor is cheering. Sooner than
might be expected the fellows who
persist in patronizing the bootlegger
will be killed of and law enforcement
will be that much easier. Also the
larger the risk, the smaller the number
that will take the risk. and again tho
easier it will be to enforce prohibit
ton in those circles where they still
think that the law Is an infringement
upon their personal liberty" Tho
worse the booze the easier 1t will be
to stop its illegal sale. The law of
natural selection will work in this
matter with pleasant efficiency. The
punishment will At the crime, If the
man who buys booze in violation of
law dies by it. Thus do "all things
work together for the good OF them
that love the Lord"
The prohibitionists are supposed to
be a sour faced, long gloomy
lot. But they can chuckle with glee
at the prospect Of bad booze assisting
in the enforcement Of the law.
Evening star., 1922-09-10
AS 1 SEE 1T. :"
By William, Allen White.

and let him sell these in the best mar
ket and for his own advancement.
That 10 the philosophy Of the living
wage
Evening star., 1922-09-10

Cuban law requires ice water to be
served free In every cafe It is not
uncommon to see patrons take table
seat and order water.
Evening star., 1922-09-10
The Eternal Hiram.

"~Why do tho folks love Hiram SOP
The littlo children cried.
.s3ecapse he loved them first, you know"
The teacher then replied.
4 ND that's all there is to it. Hiram
n johnson won in California be-
cause whatever his mistakes, and they
have been many and obvious. he has
never consciously deserted what he
honestly believed was the best in-
terest of the common man. He holds
to the theory that prosperity is not
to be achieved by making a few peo-
ple rich and letting their richness
drain down on the many; but rather
that the prosperity Of the many Incl
dentally must make . few men rich,
who are to be taxed out of IT as soon
as possible.
A sincere and picturesque man is
Hiram johnson. who has been nomi-
mated for the third time for the Unit
cd States Senate By the republicans
Of California; a fighter, who as the
years 60 by is becoming q bit iso-
lated in his military operations. but
who, nevertheless. 10 q brave soldier
who never deserts . popular cause.
HIS solitary habit Of life 10 liable to
Evening star., 1922-09-10
Our Woman Novelists.

NEARLY forty years ago, when
~ Koko. tho lord high executioner
in the "Mikado." was making little
list Of society offenders who never
(Contlnued on Third PaSe.)
Evening star., 1922-09-10
Unprejudiced Reports.

Suppose the tariff commission re-
ported to Congress that in the manu-
facture Of watches competitive condi-
tions were such that a duty of Is per
cent ad valorem would equalize COM
petitive conditions. Congress could
then say: But we don't want to leave
it that way. We want to protect the
American matchmaker and SO we will
fix the rate at Is per cent" Or a
Congress might say: I'VE
make better watches in this country
Evening star., 1922-09-10

The Chance to he Heard.
The result of these forces and these
factors is organization. Experience
has taught workmen that the trade
union is the most serviceable and
practical form Of organization. The
trade unions came, not by decree or
CONTINUED on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1922-09-10

'sWhy do The folks love Hiram SOP
The little children cried.
'.Beeanse he loved them nrst, you know"
The tsacher then replied.
Evening star., 1922-09-10

CONTINUED on Third Page.)
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE.
.~tH4-

Chicago, Jan. 14.-Local shorts,
driven to cover, caused a sharp
rally in the last fifteen minutes OF
today's wheat market and pulled
prices back to about where a weak
market started. Other grains were
unusually dull and provisions were
weak. Final prices were &c lower
to Il higher in wheat, &c lower
in corn and fractionally lower in
oats, and 10 to 80 points off in pro-
visions.
Wheat was in the doldrums
throughout most of the session.
Lower prices at Buenos Aires and
Liverpool caused some selling at
the start and with support lacking
the market sagged readily. Trans
actions were neither numerous nor
extensive, however and the decline
checked on scattered buying at
around $1.10& for May.
The market rested there until
near the close, when it Wa rumor-
cd that spring wheat would be
sought for Russian seed on Mon
day. 1t was also reported that
France. northern Italy and Ru-
mania needed moisture. These fac
tors started some buying just as
the carly shorts were about to take
profits and the pit element sut-
fered in consequence.
Corn and oats were extremely
dull and changes were in conse-
quence. There was some local sell
ing of corn.
Holders offered provisions when
early reports from the stock yards
showed lower prices for live hogs.
Further offerings were brought out
by prospects Of big run next
week. 1t was estimated that 76,OOo
hogs would be received here Mon
day, with 275, 900 for all next week.
Closing prices:
Wheat - May. s1.11%; July,
.$1.001s.
Corn-May, 52Ac; July. 54%c.
Oats-May, 3Sssc; July. soc.
Pork--Jan., $3.50; May, $16,25.
Lard-March, s9.15; May, $s:37.
Ribs-Jan, 1922; May, $3.50.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
ALL A MATTER OF TASTE.

And it is bran!
If any one were to suggest that taste matters
in matters of taste, he would be charged with
trifng with the English language, Yet H. would
be right Our standards in art and letters are fund
amentally the same as those Of ancient Greece. It
is among foods--things we really taste-that
find notions changing with every age and generation
We admire the sculpture that was popular in
Rome. and design monumental buildings in
classic styles. Yet would eat the night
ingales tongues that considered such deli
oacy by Lucullus. We concede that Chaucer knew
how to tell story, but would never put fork
to the roast boar's head of his time. Even today
we copy French fashions but not to the extremity
Of dining snails
When the famous Dr. Samuel Johnson wrote his
dictionary of the English language he dismissed the
cereal "oats with the explanation that in civilized"
countries it food for animals but that in Scot
land it was also an article Of human consumption
Aside from the gratutous insult by which the chol
eric photographer vented his spleen on the Scotch
his definition accurate Yet in the century and
a half that has elapsed since Johnson literary
dictator oatmeal has become known to mankind ev
erywhere.
Now that scientists have shown how our
white flour loses much of its vital, health giving
quality in the milling of the wheat we must revis.
our estimate of bran Although it contains the very
virtues lacking in white flour, there little
ke for 1t generation ago, except feed for horses
and cattle. With the discovery Of ways for pro-
cessng il into delicious food OF exceptional nutri-
tive value, and with doctors recommending It for
chronic ailments, it appears that to appro-
pirate another item from the animal dietary and
after thousands years give it the full recognition
nature intended for it among the foods of man.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
THE NEW IRELAND.

The world. ireland itself, welcomes the Irish
Free state, for the rest of the world less than
ireland getting tired OF the internal strife and
external propaganda resulting from the Irish mess.
Among Irish leaders who voted for ratification there
probably sympathy with the viewpoint OF De
Valera and those opposing the treaty at least the
extent of wishing for more than the treaty gives
them. But while the dominion status was accepted
by this element with mental reservations of flu
ture demand for actual independence it was clear
that rejection entailed renewal of the civil war
and the ruin of all that had been achieved.
The Irish Free state has every advantage that an
Independent Ireland in voluntary association with
the British empire could effect II the North Ire
land refuses to ratify the treaty Il will
under its terms, lose parts Of two counties to the
Free state. Premier Crag's address is taken
for hope that the north may come in. The southern
trade boycott and the certainty of higher taxation
will be powerful influences toward ratification of
the pact by the northern government
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
EDITORIAL OF THE DAY
THE WEST IN CONGRESS.
trrom the Syracuse Post.standard

(From the Syracuse Post-Standard)
The Washington correspondents report, appar-
emily with surprise in the discovery, that the
west is in control of the senate organization. West
congressman have been steadily moving up to
the seats of the mighty until they have the most
powerful chairmanships. In the senate the chair
manship with the promotions due to the deaths of
Senators Knox and Penrose are these:
Appropriations-F Z. Warren of Wyoming, who
is graphically but not temperamentally western.
Flnance-Porter j. McCumber of North Dakota.
Foreign Relations-Henry Cabot Lodge of Massa
chusetts with McCumber second and Borah third.
Interstate Commercial. b. Cummins Of Iowa.
Judicary-Knute Nelson of Minnesota
Military Affairs. w Wadsworth of New York.
Naval Affairs--Carroll S. Page of Vermont. who
will soon retire. Miles Poindexter of Washington
succeeding him.
Public Buildings-Bert Fernald OF Maine
In the house, Fordney of Michigan, chairman of
ways and means; Madden of Illinois, of appropria-
tons; s. E. Winslow of Massachusetts, interstate
commerce; Julius Kahn of California. military af-
fairs; r. S. Butler OF Pennsylvania. naval affairs;
]. W. Langley of Kentucky public buildings; S. w.
Dempsey of New York, rivers and harbors.
In the senate the seat Of power is in the west,
in the house in the middle west, in both cases it is
length of service that counts
The senator the representative who can cling
to his seat the longest is the congressman who gets
the highest place, regardless of geography.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
NO OPPORTUNITY

Twenty years ago brilliant young newspaper
man, editor of big Detroit daily newspaper, es-
poused socialism.
'"There is opportunity for the poor man." he
said 1.-THE Rockefeliers OF finance control every
thing" o.
"There is no opportunity for you on this news
paper" the owners said. Get out!"
Today that man, who later became socialist cam
didate for president is newspaper reporter again,
back where he started youth.
Twenty years ago IN Detroit mechanic
with an idea people regarded so revolutionary
they thought he was crank" He had little money
and to raise few thousands was HercuIean task
that required many months
Last week the newspaper reporter. Allan Il Ben
son, interviewed the mechanic, Henry Ford, and in
his piece" told the world that Ford was the richest
man in the world, his wealth surprising that
of the Rockefellers.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
THE REPUBLICAN SHIP.

It is high time that right thinking republicans
in this state began to scratch their heads. The
party organization under its present leadership, Is
on the rocks and the OF public opinion are
pounding her to pieces. She will be flotsam and
1etsam the political II something is not done
to haul her off the rocks and head her toward
the safe harbor Of public service.
1t should be remembered that those who were
chosen to command her have driven her into her
present predcament. They not be depended
upon to extrcate her. Compasses and danger sirens
did not warn them.
There are leaders who have been accounted a
part Of the organization, who the situation as
it is. They have been regular" 1t is their duty
to lead the crew and the passengers in a mutny
against extinction.
Standing by the deck and watching the folly
of those in charge will one Active, cour-
age taking charge, with definite change in policy,
alone can save the outfit
Is the republican party capable Of new and
virile leadership which will get her off the rocks
and into safe waters? Is she? The Journal hopes
so. Two great parties, enamored Of public service
and veing for public favor, are highly important to
New Mexico.
Now is the time for action. Such group must
understand each other. They must get to work.
ing basis. Are there those who will lead for the
public welfare?
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15

which must be the substantial beginning of genera
industrial rehabilitation.
In nine months Of the year junt closed Russia
imported 57S9S2 tons OF goods and exported GOAL
tons Each item more than doubled the total for
the three years, 1918 to 1920, inclusive. Obviously
liberal credits being extended to the Russians
even after making allowances for receipts of food
stuffs that have gone forward a charity basis
This indicates confidence in the future of Russia
now that the boshevik regime has discarded Its
more radical economic policies.
when the railroads have been reopened it will
be seen to what extent payment can be made for
goods going into Russia. AS the prospect
brightens we may expect Americans, among others,
to do their share in this work of necessity and
mercy.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
TO AVOID DIVORCE.

Are sociologists. who profess to see a connection
between the steady increase in divorce and accom-
panying rise in the average age at which people
marry, right?
Census statistics show that more than so per
cent of men are still single at 80. One OF every
two women is married at rs, one out of 10 at 20.
Fifty sixty years it was not unusual for girl
to marry at 16 or II; young man past Fl and still
single bachelor.
An increase in the marriage age means of course
fewer children. The big families those in which
the parents marry young. 1t probably also means
more connubial friction The older people are the
more set in their ways, and the less easy 1t is for
them to adapt themselves to new conditions.
The theory that men and women marrying at a
later age than formerly is responsible for the d.
vorce evil is food for thought at least.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1922-01-15
RUSSIA'S EXPORTS,

Chief significance in statistics of Russian for
eign trade compiled from official sources by soviet
newspapers is in the scarcity OF merchandise prod
cts in the country. Lack of transportation facili-
ties in the country also is reflected, but this is
minor factor in accounting for the negligible volume
OF exports. Yet the figures which published by
the United States department of commerce. indicate
that other countries. principally England, Germany
and the United States, are contributing heavily to-
ward the reconstruction of Russia, taking chance
on the revival of raw materials production there