davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-01-08
Hard Rubber a Substitute
For Iron in Many Pumps

First cost. brittleness, diflculty in cast
ing or machining have limited the use OF
non-rusting alloys and called out substi-
tutes for metals. High silicon irons serve
many purposes where acids are involved.
but they are difficult to work. Involved
technique in preparing alloys which occur
ready mixed In the ores runs up the cost.
There is still a difference of opinion
whether pure iron is less corrodible than
iron with trace of copper and each va
riety seems to have its usefulness.
Hard rubber has replaced metal for many
The New York herald., 1922-01-08

has ever taken a census of incomes. In
other countries what is known about the
size of the national income and the mode of
its distribution rests upon estimates. These
estimates can only be made by dovetailing
together data that are diverse in form, con-
tent, scope, date and source; bulky at some
The New York herald., 1922-01-08
What Happened to Iron
After Decades in S

But iron does queer things. Note this
narrative by A. y. Finn:
"1n 15f5 tho Mary Rose capsized off Spit.
head, England. She carried some wrought
iron guns and cast-iron shot After 2e2
years In the sea, on being brought into the
air the shot gradually became redhot.
then fell to pieces. A similar fate over.
took the Royal George in 1882 in the same
locality, and sixtytwo years later some iron
guns were recovered from the wreck. After
1873 yearv submergence some cannon and
shot wcrc brought up from the Edgar also.
II b recorded tnat the cast iron from
the latter two vessels was generally soft.
so that n could be cut with knife. re.
sembling plumbago. Wrought iron on
these ships was not so seriously injured.
While In this soft state some OF the old
cannon were taken carefully TO the Tower
OF London. In the Minutes OF the Proceed.
ings Of the tBritish) Institution Of Civil
Engineers about eight years ago Major.
General Paisley records that after a time
The New York herald., 1922-01-08
Rust Merely Is Burning
Without Spectacular Features

Now rust is also burning metal slowed
down 70 point to lose the spectacular
teatures. The end product-the oxides OF
the metals--is the same. Under some con-
ditfons sulphides are formed but the
process is called furnishing rather than
rustfng. Or acids attack, causing corro-
sion, giving us salts of the metals. which
are more or less soluble and possess no
strength.
Tho problem for the scientist is to find
alloys which resist the attack of oxygen
and are passive to the influence of moist
ure acids and alkalis. Failing in this, per.
haps protective coating can be devised.
There is so much yet to be known about
rust and corrosion that we become all but
discouraged. IL is only the knowledge that
new scientific advances provide improved
weapons for attack upon the complex prob.
lens that keeps us at them. The whole
thing has decidedly practical ASPECT. For
instance:
Every community. large and small de.
pends to some extent upon iron pipes buried
In the ground. Some OF these pines carv
water, some help to dispose OF sewage.
others are gas lines or electric conduits
In few centers we call them tubes and
carry millions OF people through them.
Every effort Is made TO have all such pipes
indefinitely permanent. They have mas
sive walls. they are specified as to chemi.
cal analysis and physical properties. and
are often reinforced or partly protected nv
concrete.
The New York herald., 1922-01-08
How Fig ht on Rust
Is Vital to Us All

these cannon resumed their original hard
ness. The same authority declares that iron
parts OF pumps immersed in mineralized
waters We're similarly affected Another
authority states that the old guns men
toned were again fired. Cast-iron piles
along the English coast likewise deterio
rated
I'm the Transactions of the American So.
ciety of Civil Engineers for 1915, Marshal
r. Pugh narrates that 'cast-iron guns from
some ancient pirate ship were brought up
from the ocean depths off Hoyhead in
1922, after the lapse of century. They
were quite soft, but hardened so much on
exposure TO the air that they were used to
fire salutes to King George ". when he
passed through Holyhead on his way to
Dublin. These old guns were said to have
given louder reports than any other
old sea tales might be multiplied. Mod.
ern shipbuilders, too, state that in repair
work cast iron parts exposed to sea water
are frequently found in the condition de.
scribed, at least in spots
Pipes Along the Seaboard
Often Have to Be Replaced
Iron pipes along the seaboard are so
deteriorated by salt water as to need re-
placement in some places within a few
years, while in other places a generation
or even two may pass. This deterioration
appears to be more rapid in tidal marsh
land than in seaways. 1t has been learned
also that coal ashes and certain industrial
wastes deposited on the land through leach
ing cause the same unfortunate results.
Likewise pipes and other iron objects in
acid or saline soils in many To-
calities suffer deterioration. All kinds of
iron are not affected nor is the action
uniform.
Narratives Of such troubles could be
written for many parts of our country and
other countries. A little knowledge has
been gained about this form of corrosion
and some methods for avoiding it partially
have been developed. However, it is still
menace to many iron objects ieopardizing
The New York herald., 1922-01-08

written much about chemistry as
used in everyday life and his book,
The New Stone Age" is both
popular and authoritative. The
article by him to-day is net only
informative, but most intere ting
as we'll.
BY H. E. HOWE
ROM earliest times man has sought
to give permanence to his works
and in general wherever his seal
masses of materials used or unusually
favorable local conditions We have no
proof that the ancients gave attention to
the factors which tend to destroy human
structures beyond the use of stone, which
was quite obviously more enduring. The
prodigious size of some buildings was prn.
cipally due to a desire to overshadow a
rival.
To-day applied science recognizes that
rust and decay must be overcome or we
shall be overcome by them We are no
longer limited by dense forest. mountain
range or sea, as were the early tribes.
These large forces of nature are overcome
Thanks again to science, we cut through.
fly over, tunnel under and attain our OBJ
iective. The battle to-day is against the
wellnigh invisible and extremely small
things which never know when they are
beaten. In this class we find chemical
atoms and molecules, though others of
their tribe are most useful in mans hands
in fighting destructive forms of plant and
animal life
The phenomenon which we call burning
is simply the rapid union of oxygen with
elements making up the combustible ma
terial Like many chemical reactions. this
proceeds with greater speed at higher than
usual temperatures The temperature M
wnich things begin to burn is known as
the kindling temperature and when Won
kindle a fire you start with heat of one
match power, going upward by easy stages
TO combustibles which ignite at higher and
higher points
Usually you stop with hard coal but in
dustry begins at that lkindling point for
much OF Its work and goes on up the scale.
where temperature can only be measured
by the color of the light given off or by the
electric potential caused by the expansion
OF pairs of selected metals or allows.
Whether or not material will burn rapidly
enough to emit light and sensible heat de.
pends on the oxygen supply, the tempera.
ture OF the surroundings and the size of the
mass. Thus fine iron wire is easily burned
in oxygen
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
A new MASONIC ORDER
Topeka's Media GrottO VIII Be In
stituted October IL.

The Media Grotto, Topeka's new
Masonic organization, will be instt-
tuted Thursday, October II, according
to an announcement made today by
James B. Doncyson, secretary. The
committee in charge of arrangements
follows: Arthur j. Whitmore, chair
man; William c. Cartilage, Frank R.
Conwell, James Nelson and James B.
Doncyson. Clement w. Seely is chair
man of the paraphernalia. Fred w.
Shrives and Chester A. Buell. are the
other members of the committee.
Anthony f. Iitner, of st. Louis,
grand master of ceremonies of the
Supreme Council of the Mystic Order
of Yelled Prophets of the Chanted
Realm, will institute the grotto.
The elective officers are: owen ].
Wood, monarch; Samuel T. Millard,
chief justice; Fred Voiland, master of
ceremonies; Evan Davis, treasurer;
James b. Doncyson, secretary; Frank
L. Sturges, yelled prophet; trustees,
Frank S. Crane, Alfred A. Rogers and
Arthur J. Whitmore.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
CONTROL BIC FIRE
Blazing Oil Tanks Are Saved by
New Process.
Severe Storm Visits San Fran
cisco Bay Region.

Oleum, Cal, Oct. ITO a new
process of fire fighting. officials to-
day attributed the control of an oil
fire which resulted last night when
two 55,000-barrel tanks of the Union
Oil company were struck by lightning
in a violent electrical storm which
swept Centra Costa and Solano coun-
ties. The roof of one of the tanks was
blown off.
A heavy downpour of rain assisted
fire fighters in preventing flames
communicating to 100 other big tanks
in the vicinity holding approximately
100000 barrels of oil. For hours the
blazing tanks lighted up the skies for
miles around.
Hundreds of autoists were held up
because of the terrific heat at the
roadside.
The flames were smothered by a
new patent process which literally
suffccates the flames with chemicals
Storm Is Severe.
San Francisco. Oct. 2.-The cleo
trical storm which visited San Fran
cisco and vicinity last night and early
today was declared to have been one
of the most severe ever noted in the
bay region.
Not since 1896 has a storm of such
severity been recorded at this time
of year and thunder and lightning
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
MINISTERS OUTLINE PROGRAM
Committees Elected at Today's Meet
ing of Ministerial Union.

B. v. Edworthy, boys work secre-
tary of the state Y. NJ. C. A, and o. W.
Hascall, boys work secretary of the
Central Y. NJ. c. A, addressed the
ministers of the city this morning at
the meeting of the Topeka Ministerial
union. They gave an outline Of the
work of the association.
The principal business was the per-
fecting of an organization for fall
work. The following committees were
appointed Program. the Rev. F. E.
Ryerson, chairman, DR.. S. S. Estey
and the Rev. R. r. Schneider; pub
lie morals, the Rev. H. L. Nelson,
chairman; the Rev. j. H. Sutton and
the Rev. Clara H. Hazelrigg; special
work. the Rev. J. w. Stiverson, chair
man; the Rev. r. A. Schell and T.. E.
Prout; resolutions committee, the
Rev. D. B. Taggart, chairman; I. w
Wilson and the Rev. I. H. Frazer
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
DR.. MOORE TO WASHINGTON
Member of State Board of Health
Will Represent Topeka.

DR.. Helen A. Moore, chief of the
division of child hygiene, state board
of health, will represent Topeka and
the state of Kansas as a delegate to
the. thirteenth annual meeting of the
American Child Hygiene association,
of which Herbert Hoover. secretary
of commerce, is president. The con-
vention will be held in Washington,
D. c., October 1914.
Doctor Moore will be one of sew
eral hundred delegates from many
states and the principal cities of the
country who will gather in Washing
ton next month to discuss the various
phases of child hygiene and to hear
reports of what has been done in the
last year toward a reduction of infant
mortality in the United States. Among
the prominent men who will speak at
the convention are Mr.. Hoover, Sir
Auckland Geddes, the British ambas-
nous child specialist of New York
City.
Founded in 1909, as the American
Association for the Reduction of In
fant Mortality, the organization has
seen in the twelve years of its exist
ence a decrease in the infant NOR
tality of the United States of AZ per
cent. Interest in the movement it has
fostered is indicated in a. membership
of 2,4O0 professional and lay workers,
representing $50 affiliated societies
found in the principal cities of the
United States.
The associations main purpose is
to stimulate and encourage active
measures thruout the country for pro-
children, and thru its collection of
material from many sourcesf bearing
upon maternity and child welfare it
hopes to reduce sickness and death.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
Royal limitations Are
Conveyed to Jiggs and
Maggie on World Tour
Princes in Near and Far East Generals of Armies and
High Government Officials, Await the Coming of
Author of bringing Up Father

and will certainly Sffer chances of the
kind of entertainment they are bound
to enjoy"
At the italian embassy IN Washing
ton the opinion held of Jiggs and Mag
gle is a serious as well as an ex-
ceptionally friendly one, it being con-
sidered that as welcome and unof-
fetal ENJOYS from the United States
they may serve their own country and
Italy well by bringing about closer
understanding between the two peo-
pies This is the official view taken
at the embassy, as written by A Rosso.
Charge d'Affaires:
sincere consideration has been
given to the possible influence of a
trip by Jiggs and Maggie thru the
countries of Europe and particularly
Italy.
"Tf their pictures will continue to
have the stamp of reality they have
always shown, and will continue to ex-
hibit the same sympathy and UNDER
standing for which they have been
conspicuous, they will help indeed
toward bringing the people of the
whole world closer together. AS far
as Italy is concerned this is espe-
cially so.
"Going with these aims and in this
attitude Jiggs and Maggie will enjoy
themselves vastly in Italy, and may
all Italians give them hearty laugh
ing welcome"
'I trust" declares DIR. A. z. Stang
Ter, of the legation of Czechoslovakia,
that the adventure of Jiggs and Mag
gle into my country will meet with its
deserved success. I am sure 1 need
offer no suggestions, for believe that
the welcome of the people of my ma
ton will say much more than I can
say"
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
MAKES LUCKY BUY
Topeka Merchant Takes Healthy Slap
at Old H. G. Il.

David ]. August, of the August
Clothing company, was very fortunate
in being able to buy the surplus stocks
of the Browning King Clothing Com
pany, whose line of merchandise has
long been known as the best. The
deal was made possible thru the eff
forts of Mr.. John Harlin formerly of
Topeka and now one of the managers
for Browning King.
Mr.. August feels that in placing
this stock on the market at the ex-
traordinary low prices at which he
is now selling it, he has shattered his
previous record of low selling prices.
His sales force is confident that the
men of Topeka who are in need of
fall suits, overcoats and furnishings
will swamp the store and bring the
sale to a speedy termination.
The unusually high quality of the
suits, overcoats and furnishings of
which this stock is comprised should
make this sale ian event of interest
to everyone who is or will be, in need
of winter clothes. A look into the
windows and display cases of the Au-
gust Clothing Company will verify
all the statements contained in this
nOtice.-Adv.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02

They will be up on their toes in
all the countries of Europe to give
a fitting welcome to Jiggs and Mag
gle, if reasonable inference may be
drawn from the letters and kilograms
which have been pouring in upon the
two leading characters in George Nc
Manus's famous cartoon bringing Up
Father" which appear in The State
Journal, ever since the announcement
was made that their creator is about
to start them on a triumphal tour of
the world.
Princes in the near and far east, the
generals of armies, and dignitaries
high in governments in every corner
of the world have been sending wor
along that their nations await the
coming of Jiggs and Maggie with high
anticipation. Here is one letter from
I. B. Hubrecht, charge d'Affaires the
Dutch legation at Washington, con-
veying an expression of what that
country will offer in the way of en-
tertainment to the famous travellers:
I'VE have just learned that Jiggs
and Maggie will stop in and see the
Netherlands in the course of their
world journey.
I'VE are sure they will be heartily
welcomed by their numerous admirers
in Holland of both sexes. Their geni-
ality and high principled characters
will no doubt be vastly appreciated
and Maggie will certainly learn to
her qualification that woman's rights
have been firmly established in Hol-
land for some time.
May we trust that she and her de-
'lightful husband will not spend all
their time in the picturesque fishing
villages but will also visit some of
the larger cities which are well worth
being visited by enterprising travellers
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
FEDERAL TAX ONLY
State of Vera Cruz Cannot
Levy on American Oil.
ObregOn Plays Firm Hand To
Help Develop Industry.

Washington, Oct. Am important
decision bearing upon the interests of
American oil companies in Mexico has
just been rendered by Secretary of In
dustry, Commerce and Labor Robles
in the cabinet of President Obregor,
according to reports received here to-
day.
The ruling held that only the fed
eral government can fix oil taxes and
rebuked the authorities of the state
of Vera Cruz for attempting to i'm
pose state tax on petroleum pro-
ducts in that state.
The very fact that the federal gov
ernment had imposed no new tax.
Secretary Robles declared, is proof
that additional taxation at this time
is inopportune, when the oil industry
is tending toward new development.
Q. S. OIL Men Interested.
American oil men and Americans
connected with other large industries
in Mexico have been greatly alarmed
by the action of the state of Vera
Cruz in holding that it had the right
to tax OIL Since the state had shown
a tendency toward radical activity
against all capital, it was feared the
2 per cent tax. on the value of all oil
production would be but a stepping
stone to a policy of general confisca-
tion. The action of the Mexican fed
eraI grovernment, however, indicates,
oil men said, that President Obregon
apparently is going to keep a firm
hand on state legislatures, at least as
far as oil taxation is concerned.
As far back as 1887, it is stated, the
right to tax both oil and coal produc-
tion, was made by the law an ex-
clusively federal prerogative and
President Obregon is believed to be
entirely within his constitutional rights
in checking the Vera Cruz legislature.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
TURNER CHALLENGES EUSTACE
Heavy Weight Champion of the Da-
Eotas Wants To Meet Kansan.

Jack Turner, heavy weight cham
pion of 1.-The Dakotas," has sent a
challenge to Topeka to meet Alan
Eustace.
moters, will communicate with Eustace
Immediately, and if Eustace accepts,
the match, probably will be pulled off
in Topeka, October IT. Rigby said 70
day,
Rigby plans to bring some of the big
wrestIers of the country here during
the winter season. 1t is hoped that
Cliff Buckley. champion of Ohio, and
Eustace can be matched for a go some
time during\the season.
These two men wrestled two hours
to a draw here last year, and attracted
much attention among wrestling fans.
Binckley already has asked for a date
with Eustace this season
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
MID WINTER JAN. q TO FEB. 3
Space Reservations for 1923 ExpOsi-
ton Being Made Now.

Space reservations for the 1928 an
nual Mid Winter exposition are al
ready being made, .altho the dates for
the exposition have been fixed as
January % to February 8. Several
reservations for space at this years
exposition were made at the close of
the 1922 event.
The exposition will be held in the
city auditorium as in past years, un-
der the auspices of Topeka Council
No. AZ of the United Commercial
Travellers, and with the cooperation of
the Topeka Merchants association
John Worley, r. T. Kreipe and A.
NJ. Lazzelle are the members of the
committee which has the exposition
for this winter in Charge, with Wor-
ley as manager.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
ASK FOR TWO new BRIDGES
City PIanner Says Melan Bridge I'm
able To Garry Traffic.


The engineers on the staff of Har-
land Bartholomew, city planner, have
recommended to the city planning
board the construction of at least one
new bridge across the Kaw river as
one of the vital traffic needs of the
city.
Bartholomew recommends to the
board the construction of a bridge
across the Kaw at Jefferson street
first, and then another at Topeka
boulevard.
In the recommendation, Bartholo-
NEW advances the argument that the
Melan bridge is unable to carry the
congested load of traffic which it has
inherited as the only means of cross
ing the Kaw and that the traffic over
the bridge has increased out of all
proportion to the population of the
city.
He recomm lends the construction of
a bridge on Jefferson street first, in
order to carry the Industrial traffic
which is headed in that direction.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
DEDICATE A new CHURCH
DIR. w. b. Fleming of Baker De-
Hvers Address at Euclid Ave. NJ. E.

The members of the Euclid Avenue
Methodist church exceeded their goal
of S3,5OO needed for the completion
of the new community building Sun
day The total sum raised was $3,57S.
The money will be used for finishing a
part of the interior of the building.
DR.. Wallace B. Fleming, president
of Baker university, Baldwin, deliv-
cred a sermon at the morning service
and delivered the dedicatory address
in the afternoon.
The first floor of the new structure
will be used as a basketball court. 1t
will be used also for other indoor
games. The second floor will contain
Sunday school rooms and a kitchens
ette. 1t will be equipped with a mos
ton picture machine in the near
future
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02

will be a campaign of education of
the public in general, as tof the real
value of the organization to the city.
the community. and to the individual
members Of the community.
I'VE want to 'selP the Chamber Of
Commerce to these men-show them
sthat the Chamber of Commerce is an
invaluable asset to them in their bust
ness, as well as an asset to the entire
community" Sickler and Stansfield
said after the meeting. This will be
our first step. We want them to know
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
CAN'T FIGHT IN COLORADO
Any Fight Where Principals Are PaiG
Is Illegal. Saws Court.

Denver, Oct. Prize fighting in
Colorado was given death blow to-
day when the supreme court of the
state handed down a decision declar-
ing that "any prize fight where ad-
mission is charged and principals re-
ceiye cash rewards, is illegal"
The decision was in a case appealed
by District Attorney Van Cise of Dem
yer, when the lower courts held that
prize fights were legal in the state
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
DEMOS PLAN STATE MEET.
Newspaper Men VIII Hear Bryan
Speak at Newton.

Newton, Kan, Oct. 2.-An Demo-
cratic newspaper men and all inde-
pendent Democratic newspaper men
of Kansas, are invited to Newton, Fri
day and Saturday, October and 7, to
hear W. j. Bryan speak on the after
noon of the sixth, and to attend a
meeting of Democratic editors on the
last day.
First on the. program will be regis
tration at the office of the Chamber
Of Commerce, city auditorium, fol-
lowed by a chicken dinner at noon.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
PRIESTS OF PALLAS WEEK


Kansas City, Oct. 2.-Priests of
Pallas week. Kansas City's fau festi-
val, opened today with a fashion re-
view in downtown stores. Tomor-
row, night a parade with sixteen floats
and 500 musicians is to be staged.
Miss Ada Belle Files, of Fort Scott,
Kansas, as Pallas Athene, is goddess
of the festival.
The Topeka state journal., 1922-10-02
TO COLLECT c. OF c. DUES
Campaign of Education Is Outlined
BY Executive Committee.

A meeting of the executive COM
mittee of the Chamber of Commerce,
consisting of George w. Stansfield,
president; A. EI Van Petten, first vice
president; f. c. Gibbs, second vice
president, and G. C. Sickler, secretary,
was held at noon today, to consider
the matter of the collection of de-
linquent dues from the membership of
the Chamber.
The committee determined that the
first step toward the collection of dues