davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23

age ability strive without succeeding
and the pupils of ability succeed with
out trying. While such grouping de-
imands excessive affort on the part OF
tho Conscientious teacher, IL destroys
in many pupila those habits and traits
Of industry, aelf-eonfidence and self.
respect, which, in value, are immensely
superior to encyclopedia knowledge"
This much have observed, and it
can be ssid without fear OF contra
diction, that the teachers and prifa-
cipals upon whose shoulders the great
burden Of the difficulty has been placed
are doing tho best they can, so that
little blame, IL any. can attach to shem.
IL need hardly be said, however. ade-
quate school room at the earliest pos
sible moment with competent and
ample force of Instructors seems to BIO
the ilrst and chief necessity for
reraedying the situation.
The discussion of tho question Of
achool construction, the mistakes and
delays In che pact, the difficulties Of
the present ard the plans for the
future have becn before the public
almost daily, 80 that 1t was not planned
to include Ii within the scope Of the
present survey. Suffice II to say that
the shortage in schools first became
acutely felt in 1905, when tho number
OF children placed on part time began
to he figured by &he thousands.
The number ii9s increased yearly
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23

within tLe class and the grade group
as to make grade distinctions indefinite
and ueblleus, If not meaningless"
He referred to a test in arithmetic
In which, while some GA pupils dis
played the ability Of sA children, others
were less proficient than the average
dB pupil. In a spelling test Of 1000
sB scholars, he said, 6& per cent failed
10 attain the ga standard, tho next
lowest class; dT per cent failed TO at
tain the z B standard, AZ per cent failed
to attain the IA standard, 80 per cent
couldn't reach the average Of the nor
NAL 6B pupil, "a per cent failed to
reach the average Of tho 6A grade, IL
per cent couldn't attain the standard
Of the 5R, Ia per cent tho GA and
per cent couldn't spell words that the
average 4B child could master.
Lessons Child's Confidence
In conclusion, the supe rintendent
says: THE more accurately we study
our statistics of achievement the more
we are forced to infer that tho com
mon assumption that cur present class
groups are homogeneous as regards
the mastery of the principal subjects
of the curriculum Is delusion and
q snare.
"ln crndely organized classes, such
as exist in many of our schools, per-
haps the majority Of the class are in
terested and receptive and succeed
fairy we'll, the pupils OF less than aver
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23

we have serutinized our ainas and our
procedure with snifioiant care? Have
we done sufficient in the matters of
grouping and promoting our pupils, of
developing differentiated courses OF
study, of individuallzing instruction to
the extent necessary to make eur
schools q democratic institution In
which all pupils OF ali degrees ans
types of ability may secura an educa-
tional colnpetency?"
Many Slow Progress Pupils
One extremely significant fact cited
by DR.. Ettinger is that Of 710,653
pupils on register in the regular
grades on February % last, 32s,89d, or
46 per cent, of the entire student body,
had made slow progress, In ten of the
elementary schools 1t was shown that
e6 TO 85 per cent Of the pupils were
slow progress pupils.
AT another point. DR.. Ettinger
virtually admita in measure, the
existence of the conditions described
in these articles.
1--WE are deceising ourselves" he
says, "if we defend our present crude
grading scheme on the ground that we
have class units which ara homegen-
eous in respect to achievement or the
mastery of subjects Of the curriculum.
Whether we test in arithmetic,
spelling or penynenship, there are dis
closed such wide variations Of ability
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23

and their ominous Significance was
frankly admitted by DIR, Ettinner II
was with references to these figures shat
DR.. Ettinger made the comment quoted
at the beginning OF this article. III their
cons liberation, however, it should be
noted that Or. Etthger assumes that
those referring to promotions and nom
promotions may be taken as fair in
dices Of the efficiency Of 3 given school
or group of schools. Under the con-
ditions described in these articles 1t
would appear that the number of pro
motions does not represent the real
state OF affairs.
The figures are presented, however.
for what they are worth,
Out Of grand total Of approx
mately 716,00o pupils in the regular
elementary schools on June 80 it is
pointed out, $4,000 failed of promotion.
What results from such condi-
tionsf" DR.. Ettinger asks "Presum-
ably the pupils were denied promotion
in order to insure their better train
ing during the succeeding term and to
preserve the homogeneity of the
classes newly formed. But tho con-
verse of the picture is, from the
standpoint of the pupil, discourage
ment and unfruitful repetition of at
least part of tho succeeding terms
work, and from the standpoint of the
school organization. increase in over
ageness, early elimination of the
upper grades, increase in cost because
of the greater number of years re.
CURED to- complete the course, and last
but not least, congestion in the
grades"
DR.. Ettinger here gives the average
rate Of promotion for the city for last
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23

term ae SE.8 per cent, II know full
weil,8 he adds, "that no one in our
schools will regard the presentation
of these specific facts as d fiat that
we are to maintain reginientation Of
children and advance them irrespective
of their attainmenfs. But / do present
hem as ones that give additional
'eason for careful study of the
premises and also methods involved
in our present classification and in-
truetion of children"
On the question Of the age OF pppils
Or. Ettinger goes on to show that out
Of T32,4dS children on register 22s 792,
or a1,2 per cent, were beyond tho age
of their grades and that about 10 per
cent of these cases was due TO slow.
progress in the classroom.
leverage is not synonymous with
retardation," says pr. Ettinger, "but it
Is frequently an eminous prophecy of
an incomplete education. Irrespective
of their lack of success In the past
does not the overagc of these 2i3,22T
pupils place probable limits on the
amount of schooling they will be able
to secure in the future, either in the
elementary schools or IN the continue
tion schools?
"When one recalls the fact that any
pupil may leave school at the age of
sixteen years, regardless of the grade
he may have attained, and also that
pupil may leave school at the age of
fifteen years, provided he has qualified
for admittance to the IA grade, one
can readily foresee that the great ma
jority of the overage pupils scattered
promiscuously through the lower
grades will leave school before rsceiv-
ing full eieh+-year schooling. In ether
'oordS thousands Of our pupils haze beer |
rnd ieiu be eliminated from Our schools !
leith only ffth, sirth or seventh-gear |
education.
"Can we, therefore, rs professional |
men and women, view such statistics |
with complacency? Are we not in duty |
bound to ask ourselves whether or not |
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23

since, 40 chat to-day those charged
with the administration OF The city's
school system are facing one of the
most stupendous problems In educa-
tional history. The normal school pop.
ulation increase, 1t is asserted by ex~
perts, demands yearly the cQnst uction
Of not less than twenty nsw elemeu~
tary schools with an average seating
capacity OF 1900, together with fvo
new h !gF schools and special schools.
Judging from che number o. pupils now no.,
on part time and loubIe-sessiori shifts,
for whom there are no fall-day accom-
modaticns, 1t would seem tf1at the city
Is 237 schools behind il it's building
program.
What is to be done7
In succeeding articles will be pre-
sented the views Of persons officially
identified with the administration OF
school matters and associated in other
ways with the subject of education.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23
By vi. Jay Racusin

the conduct Of the cys public
school Dr. William Etnger Superintendent of Schools after
surveying situation "The viii that
continuous
radical changes present methods school administration
Perhaps Engr from knowledge of the conditions the
crowded articles Perhaps realized the
which conditions ultimately
community Perhaps recognized th the
in that the number Of neglected pupils aent
llerate households.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23
Piano Replaces Native
Inefrnmenf in Japan

TOXIC, Nov. j (By Mail).--Musical
instruments, especially mandoiins, are
being imported in increasing quantities,
and Western music is 80 fashionable
that study of the piano is now con-
sidered q necessary part Of the educa-
tion Of Japanese girl. The playing Of
"Koto," the national harp, and Of The
"saniisen," has not been abandoned,
New-York tribune., 1922-11-23
School Conditions Here
Cause Thousands TO Go
To Private Institutions
Lack of Facilities Shown by Education Boards Own
Figures; Radical Change Needed, DIR. Ettin-
8 ger Insists; Pupils Put Inn Grades Above Ability

This the fourth arti series the effects Of the
ZION edeaion Of the csgs children The fifth
tcy appear t0Snsovroe.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
HOT WAVE PREDICTION
SENDS WHEAT UPWARD

CHICAGO, June =. - wheat
moved upward in price Thursday,
owing more or less TO predictions Of
a hot wave in the central west and
because of need CT rain in north
western states. The market closed
firm = to IL net higher with July
1854 to 49, and September ia Is
TO rs. Corn gained 8 TO Is and
oats g to q Provisions finished
unchanged TO zoe lower.
Highest prices of the day in the
wheat market were attained after
the issuance Of an official forecast.
pointing TO the highest temperatures
over a wide territory with but little
moisture prevailing Thursday niglt
or Friday. Further crop damage
from heat was apprehended the Their
memoter having reached 112 in the
extreme southwest Wednesday.
Complaints OF lack of rain in Neb-
raska, South Dakota and Canada.
tended 10 emphasize bullish influ-
ence which was also Influenced
somewhat by mention of black rust
in Minnesota
Corn assembled to the uppermost
quotations reported in some time.
Demand was based largely on like
lihood that If dry weather continued
corn crops would suffer. Assertions
that the oats yield already was GER
tain to be short, found acceptance
from numerous traders.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
MEXICAN OIL TAKES
ANOTHER BIG JUMP
MeteOric Rise of Petroleum
Causes Excitement on
n. Y. Exchange.

NEW YORK. June 22.-The stock
market was thrown into another
spasm OF excitement during the last
half OF Thursdays otherwise un-
eventful session. the further mete-
oric rise OF Mexican Petroleum add
ing to the Generalization OF the
shorts in that spectacular issue.
Pan-American. a and p shares
California Petroleum. Royal Dutch.
Houston. General Asphalt and sew
eral CT the less active domestic oils
were prominent at moderate gains.
hut these were relinquished in a large
part toward the end.
Much the same course was pur-
sued by Independent steels. motors.
equipments and several Of the chem
icaIs and unclassified speciaIties,
but rails Of the speculative as well
as investment grades registered ex-
treme gains OF one TO two points.
Studebaker manifested a disposition
TO regain its loss Of the previous
day. but the extensive turnover re-
suited IN a net gain OF little more
than one point. Sales amounted TO
900. 900 shares.
Call loans opened at the recent
minimum rate OF "a percent but
rose TO 3 percent at noon and 3 y
percent in the last hour. Aside from
80 to 90 days money. which was OBJ
tainable at 3A percent the money
market was in no perceptible de-
gree Influenced by the lowering OF
the rediscount rate by the local fed
eral reserve bank
Although cables continued 10 stress
better European political conditions.
foreign exchanges developed more
reactionary tendencies, sterling de-
mand bills being at 4.42 Y were of
&c and the lowest figure stree the
first week of the current month
when this remittance was almost 10
cents higher. Declines of four TO
seven points were made by French
Italian and Belgian bills, German
marks were increasingly heavier
and every important neutral center
was lower by three TO seven points,
the reversal also affected Swiss,
Spanish and Greek exchanges
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23

1875. medium weight s1O.55Gio .S5: light
weight $40 60df0s5 light lights $40 40er
iO.S1 heavy packing sows, smooth $500
10; packing sOws. rough SS90M94O. pigs
50 2IfT 90
SHEEP-Receipts 1900: market loo
higher Lambs S115OG 1915: Gull and
common $500 II yearling wetheTs SO
dlt.3i. ewes S3d67J: Gull and commnn
S15Od3 %nfTH&
LE-Receipts 10000; market 10
higher Choice and prime 81 40aI 10 10 .
medium good $4,000. common S1.15ds .
good and choice SS6Oda.5O; common me
dunn So god SEQ butcher cattle and hef-
625: Gamers and cutters {27Jd4 can
ner steers 50 1915: veal calves $500
SIS; feeder steers S5.G5d7G5; stocker
steers S5eIT6S: stOcker cows and heners
So J0d575
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
SOUTH BEND MARKErS
Corrected Daily by ID. 4. Rowe, 60a =
Michigan OF. Phone Lincoln $500

Corrected Daily by ID. 4. Howe. 6oa q
Michigan ct. Phone Lincoln $500
HAY. STRAW AND FEED
TIMoTHY-Selling, $3.50 per bu.
CLOYER-Medium red. selling Si7.
SUDAN GRASS-SeIing SO cwt.
AlLLET-CommoE. selling. STA ev1
ALSIkE-Selling, S14.
mammoth red. SIS; sweet clover, Is
ALFALFA-SellinR, s14.
SOY BEANS-$3Q4.
SEED CoRN-s2.
NEW HAY-Paying. s1eG1s; selling
s24d26 per ton.
CLASSIFYING. 40c; selling. 5O0soe
SEED MARKET.
Corrected Daily by the Wesley MILES
Flour and Feed CO.. 420 s. Michigan 81
Phone Main sS5.l
CORN-Payin ing SOC; selling 7OQ75c.>
CLOVER SEED-Paying SO; selling
S15d16
ALSlKB CLovER-selling. .I4a1a
HIDES AND TALL0w.
tcsrrcsteS Daily By 8: w LiPRm.H- si'
HIDEs-5c; calfskins. loo.
BEESWAX-25GS5c per ID.
WHEAT, CORN. OATS. ETC.
corrected Daily b. ID. q. Morgan. Sta
Hins, HyerauIio av. Phone L-cesiJ
CORN-Paying SOC per Blu.
SEED oATS-selling 75c bu.
BRAN-Selling S135 cwt.
RYE-9aylng soc.
SCRATCH FEED-Selling, 81 IS cwt
WHEAT-No. !, paying s105 bu.
Corrected Daily by Brotherhood 0roessp
go ~. Main ct. Phone M-l!SsJ
BUTTER-Paying, SEC; selling, l2e.
FRESH EGGS-Paying, 24c; selling
2Sc doz
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Can.
fornia navel oranges, soc doz.
CARRAGE-Selling. &c ID.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
EAST RIFFAIo IIVFsrocK

EAST BUFFALO. June 2-CATTLE
Receipts $50; market slow and steady
Shipping steers IS 75d165; butcher
grades S7.50ISJ0; cows s.. JGG625.
CALVES-Receipts 5000: market active
and ioc up. Gull 10 choice S46I11.73.
HOGS-Receipts 1900; market active E:
Zoe lower Workers S11 jO7 l1.6O; pigs
Sll.Od leo; mixed sl140d11.Jo; heavy
SHEEP AND LAMBS-Receipts 600 :
market active Choice lambs S11d11 80 !:
Gull TO fair s7G12.75; yearlings STd10.O;
sheep S3M75O.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
MARKET SUMMARY

NEW YORK June P-nteress which have been ac
holdings at current levels end the stock continues sensational
1711z
q a o fore o'c ock
o a
life
and well
and
u % o
rs 2sA FROM
900 weekly load
lines.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
CHICAGO GRAM RANCE.
CHICAGO CASH GRAIN.

WHEAI-NO. hard $113lR.
CORN-NO. l yellow 6315 No. yellow
No. mixed 62hc; No. 4 mixed 62c; No.
D mixed Gle; No. white 63Iac: No. 3
white G3c No. 4 white 61I5c
OATS-NO. white 3J%c; No. white
3419c
TIMOTHY-S4M5.
LOVER-S1OMiS
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
ISDIANAPoLTs LIVESTOCK.

INDlANAPOLIS. June %. - HOGS -
Receipts 1900: market slow and steady.
Best heavies $40 756l 10 90: medium mixed
SlO9Od II; common choice $116u-1O (:
bulk az sales S10.0OMl1.
SHEEP-Receipts go; market steady.
Top 81. 5Od4 %
CALVES-Receipts 600; market 5pc 20
81 higher Top S11OO.
CATTLE - Receipts 1000; market
steady. Steers SGG925; cows and heH
ers 50 5Od01O.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
PITrsRTRG IJVYsTOCK

H0GS-Receipts 10 double deckers
market steady Prime heavy S111OG1 II. 20
mediums s114JG11JO: heavy Workers
Sll. asa II 70; light Workers Sl1.45d 100 =
pigs sl1 45d11.5O; rOughs SSG9: stays g
n 3 80
CATTLE - Receipts light: market
steady. Choice S0,dG -: good SS25CdS s IS .
fair SSGS5O: veal calves S1Odi050.
SHEEP AND LAMBS-Receipts light /:
market steady. Prime wethers SB6lSJ0 +.
Si2M13
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
CHICAGO GRAIN CLosE-

Dec. up 1c.
CoRN-July up nc; Sept. up sc: Dec
up sc.
oATS-July up nc; Sept. up sc; Dec
up sc.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1922-06-23
cH1CACo PRODUCE MARKEr.

BUTTER-Creamery Soc standards
3J%c firsts 31634c seconds 2Sd30c.
EGGS-Ordinaries zoe: hrsts 2ld2l 12c-
CHEESE-Twins 1S61Slsc: Americas
1Sia@19c.
POILTRY-Fowls 23i4c: ducks 200
DE: geese 12c: springs pc; turkeys 25c {;
BOOSTERS lac; brOilers 500 42c.
OTATOES-Receipts DOB ears. South
ern Bliss Triumphs. sacked. $270d3;
Ark 50 Sj6310: mostly S29Od3: Ala.
Spaulding Rose 50. 2JG7 30; No Caro-. and
sS0rfolk irish Cobblers No. I. S4.2jd4 .6j /;
EASTERN shore Sj25663J, mostly S5.25.
No old stock.
CHICAGO LIVESTOCK.
CHICAGO. June 2-HOGS-Receipts
% COO market 81 Toe lower. Top sic s. ;
hulk 50 $50 Isl. heavv waight $40. 4NaI
New Britain herald., 1922-03-16

Suspicious don't count for much" said Billy, You know that, Reel foot. Have you any evidence against these men?'
 Sure l have" was the reply. "The bodies of my two cows and plain track of blood and moccasins to with in a mile of the calm"
 Billy nodded approNingly. That's better, Shotgun and l will be with you in two minutes"
 "I don't guess there's any tearing rush." he mumbled,
 "A minute ago you were in hot sweat to have us do something right away quick. And now you nin't, What has changed you. MT. Reelfoot I ask to know"
 "I want the job done right" was the lame explanation. "lf you hustle off too sudden you might forget something. What do you think we're liable ia forget?" queried Billy. How do know what? But know 1t don't pay to go off half cooked"
 simon Reelfoots eyes straycd to the window. When the eyes swiveled back to meet those of Billy WinGo the pucker of worry had been wiped from Reelfoot's eyebrows.
 Continued in Our Next Issue.
New Britain herald., 1922-03-16
X: &d8ESHS% R}R5K% :. WILLIAM pTTERScN WHITE W%.mAAAXyxS
 oyrl by L~EIzYGVT srS a bEo~n and 6uray yN

build, and considerably younger The older man was Shotgun shillman, the younger was Riley Tyler.
 In Riley's hand was a thin block of paper. A pencil stuck up behind his ear.
 Did you get 1t all?" queried Billy, sitting down in his chair and hunch- ing 1t close to the table. Most of it," Riley replied. "All the important part, especially he tried to buy you up. Gee, you've got him now. Send him over the road any timc.'
 It was the next day that Arthur Rae, the district attorney, called on the new sheriff. He was heavy iowled. heavy handed heavy bodied Individual, with black hair. close set eyes, and, what was curiously at variance with those heavy jowls, a long and pointed nose. "I hear you've appointed Shillman and Tyler deputies" Ralc said accus- ingly. You've got to cancel their Appointments"
 Got to?"
 Got to-"
 'I must be gettin' deaf" drawled Billy. Seems like l heard you say got to-
 We can't have you upsetting oui plans in any way. Wingo. I order you to immediately cancel the ap, pointments of Shilman and Tyler land appoint instead Johnson ani kenealy. Do you understand?
 Yes said Billy in weary voice |"I understand. I understand perfect y. You can go now"
 "I'll go when I have your answer.
 Your mistake. You're going now.
 Even as he spoke he leaped witf cat-like agility upon the district at torney where he sat in his chair anc wrcnched the right arm of that sur prised gentleman around behind hi back.
 With his left hand Billy withdrew the bar from the staple, opened tho door, swung his right foot and kickat the district attorney out into a snow
New Britain herald., 1922-03-16
CHAPTER VII.

You took your own time about coming" grunted Rafe Tuckleton.
 Dan Slike crossed his knees and stared at Rafe and Skinny Shindle. .,IEhx, b,1rrvoD
New Britain herald., 1922-03-16

GRIMES SIGNS CONTRACT Jacksonville, Fla, March l6.-Bur'
New Britain herald., 1922-03-16

You took your own time about coming" grunted Rafe Tuckleton.
 Dan Sike crossed his knees and stared at Rafe and Skinny Shindle. Why hurry?"
 Because you should" nagged Rafe. This Tom Walton has gone on living all fall"
 That's tough" sympathized Mir. Slike.
 It's worse'n that. Tom aint the only l'l job I want you to attend to. There's the sheriff, Billy Wingo.'
 That will be extra"
 Rafe Tuckleton considered a mo- ment. "l'ivc hundred dollars apiece for Tom and the sheriff. said he.
 "We'n bargain for 'em separately ,' said Slike. "One thousand for Tom' payable in advance"
 "I suppose I'll have to do as you say" Rafe grumbled. And the same amount for the sheriff"
 Not tall" denied Slike. Not a. tall. Killing this sheriff for you means I gotta leave the county on the jump. Do you think Pm gonna run the risk of hein ynched for meas'y thousand dollars? If you do, take another think. Take two of em! Me, IT take two thousand for your man.
 "Oh, hell, it's all right.' Rafe cried. tossing up helpless hands Come around here tomorrow noon and get your money"
 CHAPTER VIII. "It's the women make half the trouble in the word,' unused young Riley Tyler, who had received tae nit ten from his girl of the period, the restaurant waitress, and was mis- ogynist in consequence; Riley moved lstlessly to the front window and drummed on the pane. "Oh, the devil,' Riley groaned. Heres work for li'l boys. As if there wasn't enough to do in sum< mcr"
 Billy Wingo joined Riley at the window, Looks like Simon Reel foot I can see his long nose.'
 Simon Reefoot was not wcll thought of by the more decent DOT ton of the community. Men that put money out at high interest and are careless of their ncighbors' property usually aren't.
 Reelfoot rode up and tied his horse.
 You make me sick, you tel'ers Talk, Talk. Talk! All right, l will see if you're able to do anything be- sides talk Two of my cows have been shot and there's two or three strang- CTS baching it in that old shack of Caylers on Mule. Creek"