davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-08-26

Specsot Dts1otcA 10 TEE NEW Yoax HEaALp.
WILLIAMSBURG. Mass. Aug. 2b.-
Philip H. Kerr OF England In the final
lecture at tho Institute Of Politics to-
night declared that disarmament is not
the euro for war and pleaded again a
federation of all the nations OF the world
on general good" OF humanity basis
as the only means To lasting peace.
War will be abolished from tho
earth." he said. "only when tho peoples
Of the world, or at any rate tho civilized
peoples. combine under some organic
arrangement whereby international dis
putes and world issues are settled by de-
cisions which have the force Of law.
and are therefore obeyed and enforced
by all mankind until they can be modi-
fled by constitutional means.
mo nation can or will abandon its
armaments altogether until It has both
an alternative method of protection
and a system In which 1t has conf
dence whereby disputes with its neigh
bors can be justly and honorably de-
Siueu. UNIVERSAL pCdCo Will hSNSA SoAAAo
from universal disarmament.
you would not have got very far with
giving peace and real freedom to the
Western communities II you had simply
taken away their guns and done nothing
moro. Until the Institutions of a State
were established there was no other
way of settling disputed questions ex-
cept fighting. and II individuals had not
been able to use guns they would have
used clubs or their fists or any weapon
to their hands.
'It Is exactly the same with nations.
They cannot and they will not disarm
without an alternative system of pro-
lection. You would not do SO your
selves And If there is no alternative
system they will sooner or later be
landed in war If they are not united
enough to form a common machinery
for the conduct Of their common affairs
1t is pure delusion that they will be
able to avoid disagreements and settling
those disagreements by fighting.
Disarmament, therefore, is no solu-
ton. Courts of law interpret law, adapt
law to the changing facts Of human life,
develop law; they do not enact 1t. That
Is the function of the legislative body.
No body of judicial character or un-
representative character could possibly
solve the vast problems relative to the
color line. to the development OF self
government among backward peoples. to
the tariff, economic and commercial
questions, which are increasingly going
to convulse the world. These are polit-
ical matters. not judicial. and must bo
settled by political means.
II entirely indorse the underlying idea
of a league or association. call it what
you will, OF all the nations of the earth
to deliberate about world problems.
Some such regular gathering is essen
tial to international understanding and
the emergence of the world point Of
view.
But no such body is the solution of
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
Responsibility for Fire.

Losses from fire In the United
States are steadily mounting, and
mounting out of proportion to the
increase in population and the in
crease in the number of buildings.
In 1920 the fire losses Of the country
reached the total of $3.50, ,925, an
increase of $116,000,000 over 1910, or
OF about so per cent. During the
same period the increase in popula-
tion amounted to 15 per cent.
These mounting losses have oc-
Cured Notwithstanding the fact that
fire fighting has been brought to an
unexampled level of efficiency. The
United States is certainly not excelled
and probably not equalled by any
other country in fire fighting equip
ment and methods. Yet its per cap
ita loss from fire is greater than that
Of any other country. Compared with
leading European cities our own are
visited by ten times as many fires.
Back of these facts there Is a
simple explanation. In mosta Euro
pean countries the individual upon
whose premises fire occurs Is held
strictly accountable for the fire If 1t
is established that it was caused by
his carelessness or his failure to
comply with a full code of municipal
regulations intended to protect prop
erty. To have fire upon your prop
erty in these countries is a crime
unless investigation reveals wholly
unavoidable causes or points to in
cendiarism of which somebody other
than the owner is guilty.
A fire is not merely the business OF
the person upon whose property It
occurs. II is a matter Of concern ana
the possible cause of loss of life and
property to others. That person who
through negligence or disregard for
the rights of his neighbors is respon-
sible for a fire has been guilty of a
criminal act against society and de-
serves to be punished.
A large part OF the damage caused
by fire in the United States is di-
rectly attributable to the negligence
or the selfishness OF individuals.
Careless smoking, the accumulation
Of rubbish and defective chimneys
are only some OF the conditions for
which individuals should be held re-
sponsible.
The enactment OF proper laws for
the correction of these conditions
would not only, II the laws we're
strictly enforced. cut deeply into the
totals Of the annual loss from fire,
it would eventually permit smaller
expenditure for fire prevention and
fire fighting.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
SATURDAY. AUGUST rs. 1922.
The Conciliatory Group Fail.

The conciliatory group Of railroad
executives that continued to confer
with the brotherhood chiefs on means
Of settling the shopmen's strike have
failed as their majority colleagues
failed.
This small but distinguished frac-
tion OF the whole group of executives
went a long way in their effort to
bring about peace. Their spokesman
offered to make work fer all the
strikers that we're formerly employed
by the fifty-two railroads repre-
sented at the conference.
The answer of the shopmen was
what the executives might have ex-
pected and what the public has be-
come used to hearing. The strikers
declined to ksider any proposal, no
matter how generous, which did not
restore to them all the seniority
rights which they forfeited when they
struck. They demanded to be put
en- the preference lists ahead of all
the new men and ahead of many of
the old men who stayed at their
POSTS. In all honor the executives
we're obliged to keep their pledges to
their present employees that they
should not suffer in any settlement.
The last shred Of hope of reaching
an agreement between the executives
and the strikers seems to have disap-
peared. The strikers say that it is
now fight to the finish. Meanwhile
the railroads are running their trains
and keeping faith with the public.
In this situation 1t is the job of the
national Government and the job of
state governments to see that order
is preserved.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26

the South believes in DR.. SUN and II
will accept no scheme for united
Government in which he has not an
important place. DR.. SUN as Presi-
dent could bring with him the sup
port of South China and at the same
time the loyalty Of the troublesome
CHANG Tso-IIN Of Manchuria to the
reunited Chinese Republic. Ii
YUAN-HUNe has, so far as reports
from Pekin are concerned, shown no
opposition to the present scheme OF
settlement. He expresses a feeling
of friendliness to DR.. SUN and will
ingness to resign his office.
General WI at last appears to have
brought about solution of China's
internal troubles which comes nearer
than any previous attempt to salts
flying the warning factions In his
country.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
Holds Disarmament No Cure for War
Philip H. Kerr, in Final Lecture at Institute, Says
World Federation Is Only Sure Means to Peace.

the problem. At tho very highest II can
only do what your confederation did be-
tween 1881 and 1859. 1t will ultimately
fail to solve the problem for exactly the
same reason as the confederation failed
to solve the American problem. A
league or association Of absolutely In
dependent sovereign nations will ulti-
mately fail, partly because it's members
will be delegates and forced to discuss
world problems as a matter Of bargain
ing between their separate states, but
still more, because its conclusions. how
ever good. will only be effective II they
are carried out simultaneously by more
than fifty separate states. scattered all
over the world and wholly Immersed In
their own point of view"
He said the first indispensable STEP
toward the kind Of world state he had
In mind was ito get general assent
to the fundamental covenant that the
promotion of the general good of
humanity ought to be the standard OF
our conduct, whether as individuals or
communities, and that II we can lind
the way to do so we ought, to quote the
Pilgrim Fathers, to enact such just ana
equal laws, ordinances. acts. constitu-
tions and offices from time to time as
shall be thought most meet and conven-
lent for the general good Of mankind,
all due submission and obedience.
1T has been said that am advocat-
ing superstate. If you mean by that
a body which can give orders to tho
United States or England. or France
or Russia, emphatically am not.
Under the American system the Fed
eral Government and Congress can
give no orders to the Commonwealth
of Massachusetts, Each Is independent
in, tie nh Tvor to fcn
of the popular will. Here. It seems to
me. Is the key to the whole problem.
Is 1t not clear that the earth should
belong to all its people. and that they
should have dominion over It? Will
anybody dispute that as an abstract
proposition? If that Is true. then the
sovereignty of the world should be
constitutionally vested In the whole
people of the world. That statement.
meaningless. But constitutional law
yers will see that II 1t is made effec-
tive, 1t will end war and make the
reign Of law universal over every
aspect of human affairs. city, State. ma
tional and International"
He declared that "the British Common
wealth cannot last indefinitely In its
present form.' adding: II the world
progresses it will be replaced by a
greater thing. If the world moves back
again 1t will break up In that further
BaEkanization of mankind and the still
more frightfuf world wars which are
inevitable If the civilized peoples do
not read In time the lessons of tho
last ten years.
II see." he remarked. that some
body has suggested that I want the
United States to join the British Com
monwealth don't, for If 1t did.
nation of 100000 would simply swal-
low one of 10000, ,000."
At the final session OF the round
tables on the rehabilitation OF Europe
and interallied debts DIR. BENJAMIN N.
Anderson of the Chase National Bank,
New York, undertook to summarize
the discussions OF the month on these
problems
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
New Tariff Rates.
The Protection OF American Indus.
tries From Dumping Practices.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: Your edi-
torial article of August Fl on the tariff
has this to say: Americans like to
dumping from abroad. They consider
protection - real protection - necessary
for the maintenance of the high stand
ard OF American living. What they OBJ
ject to In the Fordney-McCumber bill
are those schedules which. by shutting
out foreign competition utterly. leave
the consumer at the mercy OF price fix-
ing manufacturers"
Is dumping as you understand 1t the
act of selling foreign goods in the United
States for less price than the same
goods are sold for in the foreign coun-
try of origin? If SO. how can our in
dustries be protected against such prac-
tice except by a higher duty than would
be necessary II foreign goods were sold
to importers In the United States at the
foreign home price? II dumping is al
ready provided against by legal penal
ties, as 1t is, what relevancy has your
statement that Americans like to see
their industries protected against dump
ing from abroad?
Your persistent criticisms of the du-
ties In the Senate bill presumably are
based upon your knowledge OF what
precise rates are necessary for the
maintenance OF the high standard OF
American living" How do you know?
And If you know why have you never
accepted Senator McCumber's invitation
to share your exact information with
him so that the American people might
have the benefit OF your superior knowl-
edge or sources OF information?
Which schedules in the Senate bill
'leave the consumer at the mercy OF
price fixing manufacturers. and does
not the Sherman act abundantly safe
guard the consumer against such con-
spiracies as you are SO sure the Ford
-McCumber bill will create?
If such conspiracies are already le-
gally provided against, what relevancy
has your criticism of the schedules on
the ground you state?
GEORGE c. HErzEL.
KENNEBUNKPoRT. Me-. August %.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
1909 and is regarded by experts al
a x,oau,n,apfaI

1903 and is regarded by experts as
monumental work.
Captain FURLoNG saw service on
! the Mexican border at various times
between 1911 and 1914. In October,
1914, he was promoted to be Major
and was assigned TO the Thirteenth
Cavalry.
Major FURLoNa died in the Army
end Navy Hospital at Hot Springs
en- April IA, 1915. He had been In
the service Of his country nearly
twenty-eight years.
AS a Second Lieutenant FURLoNo
received S1,700 a year, as a First
Lieutenant $4,000 a year, as a Cap
tain an. average of $4,000 a year. He
received Majors pay Of $4,000 for
only six months.
No army officer can save out of
his pay, particularly If he is mar
rled; and JOHN FURLoNe was married
in 1895, when he was only Second
Lieutenant.
Major FURLoNa's widow is still
living. She has not remarked. She
las no means of support other than
ker pension.
And her pension-what do you sup
rose the Government pays to the
widow of man who spent his whole
mature life in Ito military cervica
who served In four wars and who
was so distinguished in the United
States Army that in the great war
the training camp at Columbus, New
Mexico, was named Camp Furlong''
in his honor?
The miserable figure can be found
in Senate Report No. $50, a report
from the Committee on Pensions, of
which Senator PORTER ]. McCUMBER
OF bonus fame is a member.
That report, after reciting FUR
LONGS splendid record even more
yoluminously than we have given 1t
Lere, recommends that his widows
pension-all she has to live on-be
increased from s25 a month to s35
month!
Billions for the bonusl
And dollar day for the penni-
Joss widow Of fine soldier who
gave his whole life to the service of
his country!
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
Daily Calendar
THE WEATHER.

For Eastern New York-Fair and
cooler to-day; tomorrow fair with mod
crate temperature fresh westerly winds.
For New Jersey--Fair and cooler to-
day; tomorrow fair with moderate
temperature moderate to fresh westerly
winds.
Nor Northern New England-Show
ers. followed by clearing to-day; cooler
In New Hampshire and Vermont: to-
morrow fair with moderate tempera-
ture; fresh south shifting to west wines.
For Southern New England-Some-
what cooler to-day; tomorrow fair
moderate temperature; fresh south
shifting to west winds.
For Western New York-Fair to-day
ana Tomorrow; moderate temperature
moderate to fresh westerly winds.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 25.--An area of
low barometric pressure had dts center
north of Lake Ontario tonight and It is
advancing eastward. Within the last
twenty-four hours 1t caused showers in
practically all districts east of the Mis-
sissippi River and thunderstorms in the
region Of the great lakes. the Ohio VAL
ley and Tennessee. In other parts of
the country the weather remained fair.
The temperature has fallen consider
ably in the region of the Great Lakes.
the great central valleys and the plain
States. and = has risen somewhat in the
Atlantic States and California
The forecast is for generally fair
weather Saturday and Sunday with
moderate temperature in the States east
of the Mississippi river, except that
scattered thundershowers are probable
along the south Atlantic and east gulf
coast.
Observations at United States Weather
Bureau atatfona. taken af 8 2. M. Yeat0rday.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
s5 POSTAGE STAMPS.

From a Post Office Department BuIIsttr.
Tho IS stamp Is tho highest denomination
turned out by tho Post Office Department
In the days Of the war when largo packages
were being sent by mothers and fathers to
their sons serving IN tho army In France
II had q notable sale.
In 1920 tho number Of e5 stamps issued
reached t7.225. their value being $3.50, 1875.
IN 1921 the number dropped off over 80 per
cent. 81 500 being issued. with a value OF
efo7 800. For 1922 the demand for the stamp
decreased until II was necessary 10 issue
only 1911 stamps OF the denomination. their
total value being ST. .o55.
Tho IS stamp Is one OF the most attrac-
tive In design and color put out by the
Department.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
Wow wanes tho Summer.

Now wanes the summer to her twiligh,
time.
June was her morning hour. July her
noon,
August her evening and her after
glow:
Now cricket choirs in one clear cadence
chime,
And like spun sunbeams goldenroc
will soon
Drift down the lanes where purple
asters blow.
Now hazes haunt the heights, and FAR
away
seems only dim mystery OF blue
= That beckons with velled fingers
calling Comet"
Now fain am TO walk where light
winds stray,
Scented with fragrance from the fields
/ knew,
Among the valleys and the hills OF
home.
ErdsAsnrH scoLLARp.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
ANGLICAN SYNOD OPENS.

PreIates Arc Luncheon Guests at
American Life Insuranoe Co.
With tho arrival yesterday morning
of the Most Rev Edward Hutson Of
Antigua, president OF the Provincial
Synod OF tho Anglican Hierarchy. the
synod was opened with the celebration
Of mass at the Church OF st. Mary the
Virgin In West Forty-sixth street. At
noon the visiting prelates were the
luncheon guests OF Haley Fiske. presi-
dent OF tho American Life Insurance
Company, In the private dining hall OF
the company's building. Madison ave-
nue..
The business session which was con-
fined to short conferences in the morn
ing and afternoon was held In the
Church Mission House. al Fourth ave.
nue. In view of tho fact that the
bishops will not go into session to-day
the real deliberations of the synod will
not begin until Monday.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
Tho Evil Thereof.
He always was a healthy man.

He always was healthy man.
So flt and physically able.
Two miles and more with ease he ran:
I He had the strength TO lift q cable.
or what he liked he ate a heap
And always was in fine condition:
He profited from soundest sleep
And never needed physician.
Till some one preached Of calories,
OF vitamines and all their uses;
OF proteins and potencies.
Blood pressure and the gastric 1uices
Wan Is he now and whitening
And on his vision loom deaths por-
tails
Oh. science is an awful thing
To put before weak minded mortals
NATHAN NJ. LEVY.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
A Spartan Mother Of South Dakota.

Pierre correspondence EUentno Huronfts
A woman Justice Of the Peace In the
western part OF the State recently met one
OF her sons on the street. The J. r. did
not call constable but notified the son
that he was under arrest and taking him
into court charged him with being drunk.
and did not attempt to camouflage Il under
any other name. The son. after consider
ing the situation. declared that he would
not assume 20 dispute any statement made
by his mother and wanted to know how
much the fine would be. which was assessed
and be paid v.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26

American National Association OF Masters
of Dancing and International Association of
Masters Of Dancing. convention, Hotel Com
modore. 8 A NJ. 2 and 7:45 Pm
bathing beauty contest. Brighton Beach
Baths, 2:50 NJ.
Kings County Historical Society," COM
mcmoration of fs6th anniversary OF battle OF
Long Island. band stand, Prospect Park
Brooklyn, $3.50 r. M.
Fellowcraft Club. Star Of Hope Lodge, r.
and A. NJ. ennual beach party. Rockaway
Beach. 2:80 NJ.
Or. A.. p. stout. lecture on srIov New
Types OF Plants Originate" Botanical Gar
den. Bronx Park. 4 r. NJ.
81. Catherine Church parish, block party.
Fort Hamilton Parkway. Brooklyn. p. NJ
American Nurnismatic Association. conyen-
ton. Great Northern Hotel. $50 PM.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
FRANCE HoNoRs AMERICANS.
Miss Elsie de Wolfe ana Mildred
AIdrich ON List

PAms, Aug. 2b.---A number of Amer
leans were decorated to-day with the
insignia OF the Legion of Honor for their
services during the world war or their
efforts In devastated regions after, tho
peace was signed.
Among them are Miss Elsie de Wolfe
OF New York, Mildred Aldrich. author.
OF Boston: Herbert Haseltine. sculptor.
and wythe williams. newspaper corro-
spondent.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26

to be far too great TO be incurred for
such precious piece.
1t is an ugly little brute. but It is
perhaps the earliest piece Of pile weav-
Ing out of Asia Moreover, its design
connects It with Chinese patterns and
symbols Of the twelfth century. Mongo-
Ian color schemes Of the thirteenth.
Caucasus weavipgs Of the fourteenth and
Italian painting of the fifteenth. Rarity
and historical interest alone endow this
rug with superlative value.
The New York herald., 1922-08-26

voLrvA, out in Zion city, has decreed
that women at the Zion beach must
wear bathing suits with skirts six
inches below the knee. Arms may be
bare to the elbow. How can voLrvl
permit his frivolous followers TO enter
the water without gloves and ear.
rnuffq9
The New York herald., 1922-08-26
The Country Must Have Coal.

The Country Must Have Coal.
The failure Of the negotiations In
the anthracite strike has put the
United States face to face with a
bitter condition.
LEWIS. speaking for the miners, has
refused the operators offer OF the old
scale until next April, with arbitra-
tion meanwhile of the wages to be
paid the following year. He refuses
to arbitrate. He demands a contract
at the old high wage for year and
a half.
AS things have stood, LEWIS has
held the whip hand. The laws OF the
State of Pennsylvania unionize the
whole anthracite industry. They
compel the licensing of all mine
workers by boards which the, union
controls. They forbid, in effect, the
open shop in the mines. And Penn
sylvania is the only State that Fro
duces any amount Of anthracite
worth speaking of.
1t has now occurred to Congress
that there Is a power greater than
JOHN l.. LEWIS, or his United Mine
Workers, or even the Pennsylvania
mining laws. That power Is the
Government of the United States. ex-
pressing the will Of more than hun
dred million people.
Senator WALSH Of Massachusetts,
stirred by the impending peril to all
New England, has offered a Joint
resolution which holds out some hope
to the public that 1t Is not going to
be scorned and frozen:
BE It resolved by the Senate and
House of Representatives of the
United States that the President OF
the United States be and hereby is
authorized to take over and operate
g.. in the name OF the United States Gov
ernment the coal mines of the coun-
try. part or all of whose products
are tTdHspoiteu III iHtcTStdte Coiu-
merce.
THAT there is hereby appropri-
ated the sum Of $1,000, 900 to enable
the President to begin the carrying
out OF this act"
In an emergency like the present
or in any other emergency in which
differences between capital and labor
stand between the American public
and its necessities the Government
must take emergency action.
1t is absurd for Congressman to
hem and haw over the limits OF Gov
ernment power. Nobody with a
memory of the war time legislation
will take their objections seriously.
And Supreme Court which upheld
the rent legislation in New York
State is scarcely likely to set aside a
Government plan to save the country
from cold and disease and death.
When an iron ring is put around
the coal supply by capital or labor
CT both there is nothing for a Gov
ernment really representative of its
citizens to do except to break that
ring and send the coal where 1t is
needed.
The coal problem Is now before
Congress in three phases. One is the
legislation toward complete in
vestigation OF the coal industry with
a view to reforming 1t. Another Is
legislation to insure fair distribution
and fair prices. But these questions.
with the cold weather only two
months away, are not so vital as the
question OF getting the coal out OF
the mines.
Put the power to mine coal In the
hands OF the President. 1t is to the
Washington Government, after all.
that the people look when the de-
baters have failed. 1t is the Wash
ington Government which will be
held responsible for tho empty coal
bins.