davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
Monday, March u, 1922,
At 1000 o'clock a. m. Sharp
OUR HOME FARM

consisting Of about $50 acres. known as
the John Pearl or }. b. Alderman farm
situated on stage road miles from
Chelsea and miles from Nershire, near
school, extra good buildings, spring
water at house and barn, lots of soft
timber.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
HELP WANTED-MALE

GOVERNMENT needs railway mail clerks
si83 TO sIeg month; write for freq eneci-
men questions. Columbus Institute. Colunl-
bus, Ohio. 2ssWta@
WANTED Man for general farm wosa !:
must be good teansteT give references .
A. c. Bennett. Williannstown, VT stAs
ACTION cOUNTS--Get busy. $40 a day
easy take orders in garages. stores. homes.
for new patent polish write quick Car-Riz
Speciality Co. Barre. w. 1889
WANTED, AT OMEGA irst-cIass all
around blacksmith. call ready for work
y. A. Ibey, Blacksmith. North Montpelier,
VT ltgs
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

]. Frank Bruce, aged 50 years, for
AZ years an engineer on the D. \ Il.
railroad, died at his home in Rutland
Monday, aftetr long illness.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

WANTED One or two partners with small
capital 20 enter quarryinz business ex-
rerienccd GOOD quarry; stone delivered %
Barre or Montpelier. sample furnished.
II interested write o. CURRY" care Barre
Times. o. phone Montpelier s7s-w. SIC.
GOOD OPPORTUNITY Cor party Wishing
70 engage IN the manufacture q a special
q granite well knoua 70 he retail trade.
rTr-fo-date plan. ready 70 operate. sor.
rzpitsl rroai-rd; rousmanirs.e With u. ",
W. TINES oncc lsse
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
Sugar Rig

Evuporsior, sap buckets, spouts, etc,
II cords pulp wood
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
iiGEdgb|H11I|3|illNii
HELP WANTED-FEMALE.


AN ASSISTANT TO THE COOK NEEDED
AT ONCE--In the kitchen; apply Heaton
hospital. Montpelier, Vt. eff
WANTED--Woman for general homework
in family OF three adults must understand
plain cooking; O. j. Marcott, Randolph, VT
5t9s
WANTED Elderly or middle aged woman
for housework on farm just outside Barre
City adults !: modern convenienccs APP
ply BY letter 10 &C." care Times Office. st3
WANTED--Capabla woman for general
houscwork in family of s. Montpelier, VT.
Box 26s, Tel l01. 5tf
wANTED--A housekeeper, By a man with
state wages expected, Box 52'' Chelsea, Vt.
4t4s
WANTED-Woman to do homework for
family of two j. H. Cook. Box "a; West
Fairlee. VT. st4*
wANTED--Capabie girl or middle aged
woman to do housework on farm ron-
venient and pleasant location; one of rood
moral. metal and physical worth will be APP
rreciated and made to feel at home: reply
By letter to "E'', care Times oifice.N eff
WANTED-April LIST all-round cook. woman
preferred, at Vermont sanatorium. Pitts
ford. VT Send references with first let
ter Ito
WANTED--Young women 70 enter Barre
City hospital training school TO train to
become nurses: apply TO the Superintendent
At the hospital iS7h
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
!. ABOUT THE STATE
Happenings Of Interest from
Different Sections

Mr. and Mrs. Clarence r. Spafford
observed their 50th wedding anniyer-
sary last evening at the Methodist
church in Winooski.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
The Only Reliable Boom

is the one made by yourself and for
yourself. The first step is to insure
yourself on the basis OF your activity
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

value. Let us furnish an appraisal
statement National Life Ins. Co. VI
lMutual.) S. S. Ballard, general agent,
As State street, Montpelier, Vt; George
j. Seager, local agent.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
Household Goods

Chamber sets, beds, chairs. tables. ?
kitchen rauges. beating stoves.
rouch. bed blankets AM many other Ar.
ticies too numerous to mention. Sale
positive
Terms a. sale Remember the date.
Lunch 81 noon.
PAUL K0LLA and ANDY SITKo.
Owners.
p d. ADAMS, Auctionesr.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
Rheumatism
A Remarkable Home Treatment
Given By One Who Had 1t

In the year Of 1888 I was attacked
by Muscular and Sub-Acute RheumR-
tisni. ] suffered as only these who
are thus afflicted know for over three
years. / tried remedy after remedy,
but such relief as ] obtained was only
temporary. Finally. n found treat
nent that cured me completely and
such a pitiful condition has never re-
turned I have given it to a number
who we're terribly afflicted, even bed
ridden, some OF them seventy to eighty
years old. and the results were the
same as in my own case.
! want every sufferer from anv form
of muscular and sub-acute dwelling at
the joints) rheumatism. to try the great
value of my improved Home Treat
ment' for its remarkable healing pow
err. Don't send cent; simply mail
your name and address, and l will send
IL free to try. After you have used it.
and IL has proven itself to be that
long-looked for means of getting rid OF
such forms of rheumatism, you may
send the price Of 1t. One Dollar. but
understand do not want your money
unless you are perfectly satisfied to send
it. Isn't that fair? Why suffer any
longer, when relief is thus offered you
free Don't delay. Write to-day.
Mark H Jackson. No. 774H Durston
Bldg. Syracuse, N. ~.
Mr.. jackson is responsible. Abovs
statement. true.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

Mayor and Mrs. Edward c. Smith Of
st. Adams left Monday for New York
from which city they will sail the
oath for an extended tour in Europe.
They except to return in July.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
MALE AND FEMALE HELP

NAN OR WOMAN wANTED-s5o weekly
full time. Sl.oc an hour spars time. SELL
ing guaranteed hosiery 20 wearer. Experi-
enee unnecessary. Guaranteed Mills. Nor
ristown. Penna. 275tlow
WANTED-Men and women, part or whole
time. 70 sell protection against disabili-
", TO men. women and children, in your
home town or city. Commercial and
Monthly policies. Permanent position in
each state 10 the rieht party. Maine, New
Hampshire. Rhode Island and Vermont: The
Fraternitiss. Richmond. Maine. lite
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
MISCELLANEOUS

TFr ny cLAIRvoYANCE AID you n
frsantshfp a. bgsirrzs c-ert ne rrrzoaalir I.
f1sia Laarirs. Sci.ori st-res. riairf-id.
VI <ts.
TO HFNT--Tarrc-r riearers - f,lsrtrir
St.rs. q IN street seat
ra~C1Ng LESsn>rS- rri-ttr l-str1-ttan
- nrrcsrirrsrf. rcl 81 az Enla sfrr-t.
'rAo1s lex Ezlit oalalsA .tll
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

school, later becoming principal. He
leaves his widow and two daughters,
Mrs. R. X. Vibbert of Colon, Panama,
and Miss Isabella Monteith of Far
mington.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
ROOMS TO RENT

LARGE FURNISHED ROOM TO RENT
steam heat. electric lights. best location I:
Tel. 4s-W. Is Eastern Ave 5tf
TO RENT-Three Furnished rooms. suitable
for light housekeeping Inquire at 81 Maple
svcnue. S0stf
FURNISHED ROOM TO RENT-At East
ern Ave Tel. saw. s0stf
TO RENT--Stsam heated room al No 10
Spaulding street. .esf
ROOMS TO RENT-For light
housekeeping also one large single room.
INQUIRE at 90 Long ssreet le2tf
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
champion"

silos arc built az Long Leaf F,cr..ls
Pine; every stave heat treated With
creosotc oil under high pressure.
SOLD UNDER A FTFTY-YEAR
GUARANTEE no: 70 shriak. buc.
kle. warp or erack. Orders sent in
70 The factory before April lst 'eil
Be delivered BY them In csrlo.d
shipments the last 81 July AID DE
frsf part q August frre - char ~
Time i short. Write. 'pasae " rlIi.
il. ARkLEY & son
Grass. s. Tt. -t-N. ssr-,. ~
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
STOCK

II good cows. some to freshen this
spring, balance in fall; 6 horses; pair
bay mares. weight about 2l00 MS;
driving horse; , colts; ? shoats; poul-
try, 80 hens, geese. ducks. tur-
KEYS.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
Feature No. 3 on the
famous John Deere Eeatcr on Axle.
Spreadcr.

tdHt'Ac 'thh Dtttf btAtFN on AKA
Spreadcr
Steel construction. Tho John Deere
Spreader frame is made of High Car.
bon steel. well trusscd to carry heavy
loads without ssgginE. The axIes arc
made OF cold rolled steel mounted IN
self-aligning bearings They STAY IN
place and run easily. Its all steel ten
bar beaten mounted on roller bearings
means PRACTICALLY indestruetiblc beat
er. Steel link apron lags are used
throughout the apron.
All other parts of machine are mads
similar 90 parts mentioned. always
keeping in mind light weight. strength
and durability.
Consider this feature and watca cor
feature No next week.
MARSH-ALLEN co.
n. s. Telephone 40. orsnes % T,iepksas
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
Auction Sale

As we are to maze change in bus
mess. we will sell at public auction on
the premises described below, on
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

Henry Spencer OF Guildhall received
injuries when a load of wood fell onto
him last Thursday that resulted in his
death within short time although he
managed to get up after the accident,
reload the wood and 60 home, A
physician was called, but Mr.. Spencer
was dead before he arrived.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22
ADMINISTRATORS SALE AT


To settle the estate of the late n.
d. Page, the undersigned will sell at
public auction to the highest bidder on
the premises, located about one-balf
mile from Plainfield village, on the
road to Plainfield Springs on
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

Two st. Adams girls, Beradette
Brown and Mildred Cross, are alleged
to have disturbed the peace in st. AL
bans Saturday by a quarrel on the
street. The Brown girl was put under
hail of 5000, which she was unable to
furnish and SO was transferred to the
Jail. A warrant is out for Miss Cross.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

Returning to the railroad track to
pick up a package thrown from an
eastbonnd train at North Pownal, Da-
vid Wilson, employed as a lahorer in
the shipping department of the Pownal
Lime company, was struck by west
bound train and instantly killed at
about $3.50 p. m. ON March 10, accord
ing to a report to the commissioner
of industries. Wilson was 81 years of
age He was ordered to meet the east
bound train to receive some packages
to be thrown off by the superintend-
ent of the plant. The report states
that due instructions were given Will
son to take every. precaution while
near the tracks.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1922-03-22

FOR SALE--A preparation for cleanire
granite and marble monuments, hrirhte,,s
up the lettering and makes sthe whole nonu.
ment look clean and new guaranteed |: prlcs
on application. Jane. Sullivan. ia Park
street Barre. VT. lsti
Evening journal., 1922-11-07

Pittsburgh. United States semi
weekly public healthy bulletin.
s-Bedtlme story for the children.
s.3O-Special addresses by promi-
nent business men.
9-Concert by the members of the
Pittsburg Musical Institute. Earl b.
Collins piano; Mary Marker. So
prano; John Sedlacek. violin.
Program: Piano solos. lone More
Day, My John" Granger. and
Ballet Of the Happy Shade" Gluck-
Friedman; "Old Vienna, - Godowsl<y;
THE Crapshooters." Eastwood Lane;
violin solos. symphonic Espagnole.
First Movement" Lalo: "Andantino
from Concerto" Saint-Sarens; "Vi-
vace from Sonata" Vivaldi; soprano
solos. "Tree" Fergus; by the
Lake" "A Birthday" woodman:
Lullaby" lie Baron; my Lover He
Comes on q skee." and soprano solo
with violin obligato. Spring Song"
Wilde.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07

LAFAYETTE, Ind, Nov 7.-Dis-
eases of the heart and lungs will be
detected at an early stage, thanks to
the aid of the radio receiver.
This new field for wireless has
been opened up through the inven-
ton Of a device for magnifying
heart beats by Professor R B. Abb
bolt Of the Physics department Of
Purdue University here. A micro
phone type Of stethoecope is com
bined with q radio loud speaker and
vacuum tube receiver so that the
heart beats OF a person could be
heard throughout the largest audi
forum Of the university.
Several physicians before whom
the apparatus was demonstrated for
the first time declared It OF invalu-
able aid in detecting heart and lung
diseases. AS a copsequence It is be-
lieved it will help save the lives Of
many patients.
The whole instrument IS a product
Of curiosity on the part Of its in
ventor. Professor Abbott toyed with
the radio receiving set and micro
phone and found that with one
vacuum tube ampllfier the heart
beats could be heard only a few feet
But with two or more they were
audible over a large area.
To help toward this amplification
Professor Abbott constructed al
tuned microphone stethoscope which
sopsists essentially OF two dead air
chambers. These are separated by
! tuned diaphram TO which is at
hched carbon granule resistance
sells TO transform sound energy into
electrical energy. At the other end
Df one OF the dead air chambers is
attached a periodic diaphram used
10 detect the heart beats by placing |
II against the chest.
A vacuum tube amplifer and loud |
speaking telephone are used in con-
nection with the instrument to func-
ton in the usual manner as at radio
receiving stations All foreign
noises are eliminated.
The apparatus has been used for /
making photograph records of the
heart action of a number OF athletes
and persons with irregular. heart
beats.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07

The Want Ads are calling to you.
Summer time is gone, the birds are
migrating and many of the home
folks will also be leaving for warm
er climes. The Want Ads will aid
you "a your troubles at this time.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07
TAKE RuNAWAYs Honln

John Billingsley and Leonard
Randall. arrested here last week as
runaways have been taken back to
Washington by a representative of
the Bureau Of Children's Guardians
of Washington.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07
TOday'S Radio Program
(Tune TO $50 Meters)
Station WOO. Philadelphia
Glass B, 400 Meters

station WOO. Philadelphia
Glass b, 400 Meters
Sis p. M.-Great organ and
trumpets.
s:55 p. M.-United States Naval
Observatory time signal.
1902 p. M.-United States wealth
err forecast.
Station WIZ, Newark, n. J.
$50 p. M.-Closing prices on
stocks. bonds. grains. coffee and
sugar.
5:45 p. M,-Resume Of sporting
events.
600 p. M.-Musical program.
300 2. Misunderstanding Broad
way" by Bertha Brainard
9:l5 L. M.-Dance music by the
Club Sterling Dance Orchestra, Of
White Plains, n. y.
9;55 10 10 p. Huntington time
signals; official weather forecasts.
1901 p. M.-Election returns.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07

My son. IAN empty house is bet
Ter than bad tenant" but thou
canst secure a good tenant through
the Want Ads.--Adv.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07
Pittsburgh Station (KDKA)
Westinghouse
(400 Metersl

7 p. m.-News. Weekly Fashion
Talk. OF interest to women prepared
by the Joseph Horne Company,
Evening journal., 1922-11-07

To describe them is impossible.
as many are only ones and twos
5 55 kina 70 V Fry ginnts IN o stys
and quality, handsomely trimmed,
showing the latest side effects and
wide sleeves. Every wanted size,
but not In every style. Choose
early.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07

These are the Coats that
are now in big demand and
just think of II. tomorrow
you can buy them at a re-
duced price, but remember.
for one day only. Corded Bo-
livias. Normandie and Mar
vella are here in an endless
variety Of choosing. Many
one of a kind. Choose earl.
Evening journal., 1922-11-07

Fashioned OF Atwood Polos.
Cancels Hair. Astrakhan and
Velours, in clever-looking mod .
els that are most in demand byQ
better dressed women. Hand =
somely lined: belted and Loosely
backs, with detachable belts. All
wanted sizes.
The Montana courier. [volume] (Shelby, Mont.) 1922-192?, 1922-09-06
R|DDICK SPEECH IN THE LIST
Address Ranked Among Those De-
Iivered BY Ablest Members of
Congress.-Montana Proud
of Achievement

The Republican National Committee
issued in pamphlet form the ablest
speeches made in congress, for distri-
button among the people. The list
contains twelve pamphlets and among
them is an address by Congressman
Carl w. Riddick. Others represented
in the group are Senator James e.
Watson, of Indiana, Senator Medill
Mccormick, of Illinois, Senator Henry
Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts, Sen
ator Wesley L. James, of Washington,
and Vice President Calvin Coolidge.
The title of Congressman Riddick's adj
dress is, ga Remarkable Record Of
Congressional Achievement" In it
the congressman reviews the great
amount of work achieved by the pres
ent congress and the legislation that
was passed. 1t is a matter of pride to
the people of Montana to know that
the representative from the Second
district is being recognized with the
ablest men of the nation for his ability
and service to his state.
The Montana courier. [volume] (Shelby, Mont.) 1922-192?, 1922-09-06
Vote Solidly For
Irrigation Plan

Magrath, Aug. PA meeting OF
those interested in the new irrigation
scheme north and west Of town where
by some 10000 acres will come under
water, was held in the town hall last
night. Ernest Bennion acted as chair
man of the meeting and Fred j. Brad
shaw, secretary. It was announced
that some concessions had been raade
from the C. P. R. by way Of a very
material decrease in the cost of the
water at the point of delivery from
the main canal, and also in the carry
ing charge Of the water contracted
for.
A vote was taken and unanimously
carried accepting the proposition and
also to proceed with the organization
Of the irrigation district under The
Irrigation District Act.
Petitions are now being circulated
for this purpose and no time will be
lost in that connection. Petitions are
also out asking for plans and specifi-
cations, ETC., as to cost Of construction
of the main canal and necessary la
terals. These petitions arc forwarded
to the Department of the Interior,
Ottawa, while the petition for the
formation of the irrigation district is
directed to the Minister of Railways
and Telephones, Edmonton.
Work on this proposition viii pro-
coed very rapidly from now on. All
of the preliminary work will be &C
complished this fall and winter and
actual work on the canal will COM
mence in the spring and by fall of
1923 it may be possible to have the
water in the bitches.
The Montana courier. [volume] (Shelby, Mont.) 1922-192?, 1922-09-06

having increased more than $1,000
barrels as compared with June, while
the daily average production decreas-
ed 1858 barrels, the geological sur
vey announced Thursday in its month
" report.
Domestic production in July aggre-
gated 46,593,000 barrels, an average
Of 100000 daily, compared with 49,
$4,000 barrels, an average Of 1885,
633 daily in June.
Imports were estimated at 1905
000 barrels, an average of 364,773
daily, compared with 12,182,00O, an
average of 4O6,062 barrels daily.
Exports were estimated at $4,000
barrels, compared with $4,000 in
June. Stocks held July 81 aggregated
261,478,000 barrels, or a supply Of
1873 days compared with 255,817,o0
O 1853 days supply so held on June 30.
Production Increases
New York, Aug. 31.-The daily
average gross crude oil production Of
the United States increased 7,400 bar
rels for the week ending August rs,
totaling 1,4o9,850 barrels, as com
pared with 1,492,450 barrels for the
preceding week, according to the
weekly summary Of the American Pc
troleum Institute.
No changes were reported in crude
oil prices for the major districts. Ac-
cording to figures collected by the in
the imports of petroleum at
the principal United States ports for
the week ended August 10 totalled
1924, 900 barrels, a daily average of
360,555 barrels, compared with 2,287,-
$50 barrels, a daily average of 326,856
barrels for the week ended August II.
The Montana courier. [volume] (Shelby, Mont.) 1922-192?, 1922-09-06
Has Kept His Pledges

Malta Enterprise: If Mr.. Riddick
becomes the Republican candidate for
the senate there is not much use of
other aspirants throwing their hat into
the ring. Congressman Riddick has
made good in his two terms in the
house and by his work has made count
less friends throughout the entire state
of Montana and every n of them will
rally to his support at the primaries
and at the general election. 1t is very
doubtful if a stronger or more popular
candidate could be found in the state
and one that will receive more votes.
He will not only receive the solid sup
port of all Republicans but he has
many Democratic friends who will be
pleased with the opportunity to show
their appreciation of his efforts in
their behalf by casting a ballot for
Mr.. Riddick for the senate. If we are
any Judge of the political situation
Congressman Riddick will be the most
popular candidate ever produced by
the state of Montana.
The Montana courier. [volume] (Shelby, Mont.) 1922-192?, 1922-09-06
+horo ore several and none Of them arr

there are several and none of them arr
obnoxious. The rule is flexible enough
to allow a partisan paper the privilege
of boosting a home man before the
primary but it is seldom that the parti-
san newspaper will go beyond this
limit.
In the case of Mr.. Riddick's candi-
dacy for senator this rule has been
almost d~isregarded, and no less than
40 newspapers in his district have
come out flat-footed for him in prefer
ence to any other candidate of their
own party, and their columns have
been teeming for weeks with editorial
u%tterances favorable to him. This IA
vorable editorial comment has not been
Of the canned variety, either, but has
originated in the editorial rooms of the
Individual papers and from the pens
Of the individual editors.
This spontaneous newspaper endorse
ment has not been wholly confined, by
any means, to the papers Of the Second
congressional district. Quite a re
spectacle number may be found over
in the First district who are quite as
enthusiastic in support of the Fergus
county candidates.
Mr.. Riddick's campaign is being
largely conducted from Lewistown by
his friends and supporters but in every
nook and corner of the state the finest
support has been received by the
local club from both newspapers and
men and women.
The Argus regards the Riddick-for-
Senator campaign as a marvel in every
particular. 1t has never participated
in one like it and The Argus has been
in many a political foray in the almost
40 years of its existence.
Mr.. Riddick's untiring work for his
constituency, his courtesy to political
friend and foe, alike; his eyerlastingly
)n-the-job qualities were the inspiring,
fundamental causes for this uprising
his favor. The political conspiracy
which the large Democratic dailies of
Montana entered int early in the
game to ridicule and libel him out of
he race had its retroactive effect in
lis favor, also. The boys who u
he big weeklies and the little weeklies
through the game early and resent
d it, and it is a fact that a large ma
GRITTY Of the Republican papers of the
first district are for Riddick and they
want the world to know it.
With the primary election only 25
!ays away it looks like a walk-away
or Mr.. Riddick, and he has earned it..
fergus County Argus, Aug. 4.
The Montana courier. [volume] (Shelby, Mont.) 1922-192?, 1922-09-06
man for the Ohio.

A y ~
The Courier could not secure a con
firmation of the report from the
Ohio's offices here Monday, in the
absence of MI. Sellery, but considers
the plans as reported likely, as the
lack of telephone communications be-
tween Sunbl1st and here are very in
convenient. The Falls report con-
tinues:
Scllery said that the telephone en-
gineer Of the company will be in the
northern field in a short time to look
over the field and to make plans for
the proposed telephone line. Construc-
ton would be hurried to completion
should it be definitely decided to build
the line. While the telephone will be
o private line for the Ohio and Illinois
Pipe Line company, other oil com
panies may be connected with it at
their field operations, he said.
The Rocky Mountain Telephone &
Telegraph company announced earlier
in the summer plans for the construc-
ton of a line from Shelby to Sweet
grass.