davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
Control of Schools.
To the Editor. The Washington Herald

To the Editor. The Washington Herald:
The Sterl!ng-Towner educational
bill, the essence of which PROVIDES
for a Secretary OF Education who
will be a member of the Presidents s
Cabinet and who would boss the
education of the entire country. is
again being revived after having
been defeated three times. The
National Educational Association is
trying to put II over under the
plea of initeracy. which is only a
subterfuge. Let them digest the
following: In monograph pre-
pared by winthrop> Talbot for the
Bureau of Education CBulletin 1915,
No. 35), II is shown that in 1890
the illiteracy in the United States
was 1873: in 1900 II dropped to l0-7'
and in 1910 to IL. and in 1920 II
was s..
I should like to point out some
facts as to the graft" and the
incentive to pass the bill. II is
the 500, ,000, 900 lure and the chance
for the secretary of education 20
control all funds unless each State
agreed with him. Under the terms
of the bill New York State will
contribute $4,000. 900 and receive in
return se,1Ss.o0o, Illinois will be
assessed s9,7T4,000 and will get
back s5,4S0,00o. while Mississippi
will pay in s143.000 and receive
s2.115, 900 or fifteen times as much.
while Georgia, the Empire State of
the South. will give up $4,000 and
receive s2.925. 900.
should like to ask Mr.. Hugh
McGill, of the National Educational
Association. why he is in favor OF
wasting S100.oo0,000 of taxpayers
money which would not help illit-
eracy one iota, but II would create
a chance for graft. II this bill Is
enacted into a law the paid lobby
at Washington would be fixing the
prices of books that all the chill
dren would use. naming the prices
they must pay. 1t would be a
gigantic opportunity for the CRATER.
Instead of making the schools the
pawns of grating politicians we
should be doing all we can to get
all the schools everywhere out Of
politics. Schools have no place in
politics. Those who have children
to educate will want to have some
say In the way they are educated.
and once the schools went under
Federal control they would cease
to have even a superficial super
vision of them.
What guarantee would be given
that the national secretary would
be appointed for his educational
qualifications and not for political
preference?
JOHN T MCAFFREY.
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07

RESUME OF MONETARY SYSTEM. :.
To the Friend People:
Kindly give resume of the monetary system
OF the United States. ID. .. n
United States, as revised by the Director Of the
Mint. is as follows:
Gold Coin-weight, 25s grains to the dollar.
nations $3.50 IS. $40. $40. legal tender unlimited;
receivable for all public dues exchangeable for
gold vs1 and
age ceased in 1906. resumed in 1921. legal tender
for all public dues; exchangeable for silver GER
tifcates and smaller coins.
to the dollar. fneness. soo-1oo0, ratio to gold
1853 to /. Limit of ISSUE needs OF people De-
nominations 10 cents Ss cents 70 een sss
up to $40. exchangeable for minor coin, redeem
able in lawful money" at the Treasury in sums
0 Minor coin..Weisht, s cent piece. 77.1s grains
IS per cent copper. rs per cent nickel; cent
tin and zine limit Of issue needs Of people: legal
tender not to exceed IS cents receivable for all
dues up to 2S cents redeemane In lawful vi aan money
Gold Certihcates-Lmit of issue for gold bull
lion to two-thirds OF the amount OF gold certih-
gold reserve coin against U. notes tgreenbacks)
falls below 500 100000; denominations. $40 $50.
December a. 1918, receivable for ali public dues
redeemabIe in gold coin at the Treasury
silver certihcates-Unlimited as to issue for
$40. $50, $50. 800: not legal tender receivable
for all public dues. redeemabe in silver dollars
at Treasury Notes of 1sso-No further issues.
volume steadily diminishing by redemption in
$50 500: legal tender. unlimited, unless other
wise contracted, receivable for all public dues,
redeemabh In gold silver dollars at the
ITnited States Notes-Limit of issue. s3466s1.-
o16 denominations 81. 81 slo' $50, $50. 800. $500.
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
The Existence of God.

To the Editor, The Washington Herald:
For ages men have debated. the
orized, philosophical the existence
of God. More has been accepted as
To the existence of God than that
which pertains to the nature OF Coo
The great problem of truth conceais
within its majestic realm mysteries
so deep that man shall never
fathom.
The prevalent opinion among
men of the street is that scient-
lists generally are disbelteVers In
God. This opinion is, OF course
quite erroneous, and is, unfortun-
ately, due to ignorance. Let them
consider. II 1t is possible. the posi-
tions and beliefs of the greatest
scientists. philosophers and meta
physicians of which we have airy
record, and I am sure they Will hnc
these men quite religious; staunch
believers in the existence Of Goo.
An eminent scientist was recently
quoted as having said: The more
I learn of nature. the more L study
its wonders and mysteries. the
more / am convinced or the reality
of a Supreme Being.
Belief in the being OF God can
be justified. according to Fyffe, upon
the following grounds: "a Belief
in God Is normal: the consciousness
of Individual human existence nat
urally recognizes a Supreme Being
whose power Is over him. (2D With
out God the aim of the universe
would be meaningless; the real pur-
pose of the universe would be in
valid were II not to recognize some
end toward which the whole crea-
tion moves.
The prime fundamental of any
religion is belief in God. Religion
Is among the eight social charac-
teristics that are found all over the
world. People everywhere have al
ways believed in the existence of
God: belief in God is normal. as
we have seen.
The changing conceptions as to
the nature of God had doubtless
reached their zenith and started on
the decline about 500 years before
the advent of Christianity. The
wonderful rapidity with which
mems Ideas. conceptions and beliefs
are becoming univcrsalized Is no
more than evidence of mankind's 9
keeping step in the march of civili-
zation.
LAWRENCE STARK.
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07

of course. confined to women), the
late Joans of Arc of suffrage are.
no doubt. experiencing the newt
able let down after the struggle;
the ennue which always goes to the
victor along with the spons. Hav-
ing achieved the vote, they are, ap-
parently. a little uncertain as to
what to Go with IT." The glorious
era of emancipation has proved to
be not near so sweet as they thought
IL would be. Humanlike, they are
looking for more worlds to conquer
Woe be to the luckless man who
stands in their path,
II one happens to be the usual
ploddinE. disillusioned male, one is
mystif1ed. now and then. by the type
Of woman who. seemingly, cares NOT
at all for marriage and the usual
sentiment. and yearns for the free
DOM of a salaried job. What. one
asks, is the psychology of the prop
osition? Does she really believe
that it is possible. though independ-
ent, TO get the most out of life by
way of the crushing monotony of
ONCE or factory work? This type
: IOr neT
rights" Does she honestly think.
without mental reservations. thar
the average male. a baggy-kneed.
timorous failure. has more rights.
more privileges. than she? He may
have. poor soul, but, God wot. he
daren't insist on them, especially in
a nation such as this. where the man
Is notoriously under the thumb of
the woman.
Consider. for a moment without
sentiment, the two sexes as equals:
then consider. IL you will, a few Of
the more outstanding aspects of the
prevailing equality. In tune of war.
a man is called upon. by conscrip-
tlon. TO surrender all that he holds
dear; II need be, to meet a violent
oeath. A woman is not: as in the
iate war, she merely stepped into
MS job at. in many cases, an in
creased salary. In case Of divorce.
man may be compelled to pay hiCh
alimony, often. IL is true, without
regard to the rights and wrongs Of
the case; a woman Is exempt be she
ever at fault. woman may legal
| ly rob man out Of his life's earn
lngs by way OF the breach Of prom
isc nldChTndil. man may De call
lously cast aside. even at the altar,
his life and plans wrecked. humili-
ated. scorned-but he has no re-
| dress. Other things being on the
same plane. which of the two sexes
has, ordinarily. the better chance
| for acquittal on trial for a capital
ofrense? The answer is. Of course,
obvious. as the leniency shown fe-
males accused of taking human life,
in this country. is the cause for the
| lifting of eyebrows in astonishment
/ the world over.
While counting. IL is the man who
pays for theater tickets. taxi-fare
and various other things. quite an
item these days. The girl usually
deviates not a whit from her an
cient custom of spending her SAL
ary. should she be earning one. sole
ly on herself. II is the man who
struggles and saves, furnishes her
with an expensive diamond ring,
buys the furniture-but why con-
tinue? The list could be endless.
Equality. IT would appear, should
be made of sterner stuff"
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
. g
MHM@Nzuty


Allah killed them" say the Kem-
alist Turks of Asia Minor of the
Greek Christians whom they have
left to starve by the roadside. Driv-
ing the unfortunate Greeks along
toward the bleak mountains Of
Turkish Armenia, the Turks refrain
from stabbing their victims to death
lest the allied nations be aroused.
and choose slow starvation as the
better method. So says DR.. Mark
II. Ward, who until deported last
March by the Kemalist authorities
was medical director for the Near
East relief in Harpoot. Anatolia.
He has just made a report to the
State Department in Washington.
where he said Secretary Hughes had
promised the Near East Relief all
possible protection against the in
reference of Turkish officials in
their work in the Near East.
Something like 10000 Greeks
were struggling along the roads in
the Harpoot vilayet, twenty square
miles in area, but half of them were
dead when l left" says DIR. Ward.
who has recently returned to this
country THE other 10000 will
surely die this coming winter, II
they do not perish before then Of
starvation. We were able to give
them enough bread for three days
three slices a day-and sometimes a
little soup, but after they left US,
passing down toward Bitlis, where
the Turks are driving them to die Of
cold on the mountains. only deatf
awaited them.
The Turks allowed no Greek
out a certificate from the Turkish
sanitary officer, who in some cases
charged money for it. Truck loads
of bread, which we furnished free,
were taken over by Turkish gen.
darmes, who charged 10 cents a loaf
for 1t. pocketing the money received.
Convalescent children. among them
many orphans, We could not keep in
the orphanage. The Turks deported
them as soon as they were well
enough to leave the hospital.
There are 100000 Greeks and
100000 Armenians in Asia Minor"
said DR.. Ward. "All are doomed un-
less the civilized world comes to
their rescue The Kemalist policy
is that of determination of the
Christian minorites. The allies have
no policy in the Near East. and
America must help, exerting the
moral pressure of refusing moral
recognition of Turkey until this
persecution of Greeks and Arme-
mans is put a stop to
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
Is Somewhat Puzzled,

To the Editor. The wsshinstop Herald:
Is II a reflection upon the schools
of Washington. and upon the lectur-
ers and preachers: That a lecturer
can give TO some 5000 people, nine
lectures, for s25. for a total OF some
$4,000. such information. teaching,
and uplift as they can not provide7
In such a short period. and for such
an immense sum Of money. there
should result to those paying Il. a
real beneft and not a hysterical i'm
agining of perfection.
1t would reflect on the schools and
those working for educational ad-
vancement IL such tremendous results
have been attained: but have theyl
How can the average citizen learn
much of psychology. or any other
subject. in nine days?
And should the price charged for
such intellisence be based upon the
credulous curiosity of some human
sufferers, or upon the actual benefits
derived7
The difference is this: That the
schools will remain right here. work.
ing day after day. year after year.
with those pupils who have the pa
thence and the fortitude TO seriously
seek advancement, educational and
ethical, and meeting the same pupils
again and again. after the know-it-
all. teach-it-ali. nine-day. $4,000 i'm
psrter Of knowledge has departed; /;
leaving unsatisfed whatever thirst
for knowledge may have been created.
and unanswered the inquiries and re-
srets Of the credulous.
CALEB w. o'coNNoR-
Washlngton
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
Dorothy's Politics.

To the Editor. The Washington Herald:
Dorothy Ditto's letter in the Open
Court column is rather amusing
since she takes such an indirect
way to extol one man and criticise
another.
As everyone generally knows 1t
to be a fact that there has not been
a more sincere. honest and consci-
entious man in the Chief Magis-
trate's chair in a long time than
the present occupant of the White
House, therefore II is not necessary
for anyone to speak in his behalf,
as all good things (men included)
speak for themselves.
1t appears as though some people
cannot endure a man that does his
duty in a straightforward manner.
but will go out of their way to ap-
plaud one who has ideals which are
so high that Il is doubtful IL they
could be applied in heaven.
Come on. ye fellow Americans.
let Old Glory fly high.
MoNTANI SEMPER LIBERI.
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
Turkish Radio Fans
Get SeUere Setback

The Department Of Commerce is ad-
vised by Trade Commissioner Giles
pie that the president Of the allied
police commission at Constantinople
has published notice prohibiting the
sale of wireless apparatus in Con-
stantinople and in the zone of allied
military occupation. The notice per-
mits the sale of wireless apparatus
outside of the zone occupied by the
allies, but requires firms wishing to
make such a sale to obtain permission
from Headquarters. allied police COM
mission. Constantinople. before max
ing delivery of the goods, giving the
name and full particulars concerning
the buyer and or the destination of
their apparatus.
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07

charitable affairs. Every agency OF this kind
should be directly answerable to the District Com
missioners; their every act should be subject to
review and revision. 1t is unfair to look to the
Commissioners for ideal civic cnditins when they
not vested with the authority to demand
such conditions and back up their demands with
summary action.
1t is to be hoped that all the facts will be
brought into the open new system devised and
recommended to Congress. There is little hkel-
hood of such program meeting opposition, for
where the care of unfortunate children concerned
public opinion is all on the side of those who would
better conditions for the little ones.
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
Clearing Away the Rubbish.

:" is making a pretty creditable showing of
keeping the city's thoroughfares free from
trash and rubbish; Washington's police department.
is struggling manfuy in effort to keep the
streets clear Of undesirable humans. That the
police department has not met with the
the other branch of the District government
may be due to any of number of things.
In the first place, the street cleaning depart
nent is afforded fairly satisfactory facilities for dis
posing of the rubbish collected the police depart
ment has practically such facilities. After the
street cleaners have hauled away load of trash
they can forget about that particular load and
devote their attention to hauling away what has
accumulated a few blocks farther along when the
police take a load of undesirables to the station
house, the chances that upon their return to
the point of the cleanup the same crowd will be
there to greet them.
1t is big handicap for the police to try to
keep the streets clear of "tin horn" gamblers,
unscrupulous hackers, bootleggers, panderers and
others of their ilk when the antquated laws under
which they must operate seem to have been
designed primarily with view to protecting the
interests of the culprits. When it becomes neces-
sary for the police to build up complete felony
case against every one arrested for being common
nuisance in order to get conviction, it is time the
laws changed to include common nuisances.
If every "tin horn" gambler carried a kit of
burglar tools, convictions would be easy; if every
masher actually grasped his intended victim by the
arm struck her, Washers would cease to
exist; if every bootlegger carried quart of liquor
protruding from his coat pocket, the city soon
would be dry But so long the authorities must
be hedged around with restrictions, this undesir-
able element will continue litter up the streets
and besmirch the city's fair name.
Mai. Sullivan gave evidence yesterday of his
good Intentions by keeping congregations of "tin
horn" gamblers and mashers the move. Where
these groups gathered policemen made frequent
appearances and passed out warnings to keep
moving. So long the offenders moved away
few PAGES the policemen had to be satisfied.
Likewise, closer watch was kept on the law
breaking class OF hacker last night and visible in
fractions of the law were more or less few and far
between.
Yesterdays efforts merely starter how
ever Maj. Sullivan has not gotten down to the
proverbial brass tacks yet He still is nursing a
few trumps to play at the proper time. While
surface indications to favor cuttering up Of
downtown streets by petty, contemplate violators
of the moral code, without much fear of police
Intervention. their time is limited There are more
ways OF draining a lake than carrying off the
water bucket by bucket-there are more ways Of
clearing Washington streets than invoking an obso-
lete vagrancy law.
LET 1T NOT BE SAID THE STREET
CLEANING DEPARTMENT CAN DISPOSE
OF MORE RUBBISH THAN THE POLICE
DEPARTMENT
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
A Move in the Right Direction.

THE DISTRICT COMMISSIONERS have lost
i no time in beginning an investigation of the
methods employed in taking care of the children
who come under the jurisdiction of the Board of
Children's Guardians Upon the result of their
findings likely will hinge the future operations of the
guardians and the ultimate fate of the Industrial
Home School. The investigators are handicapped
by an announcement of their plans which will
place on guard every person operating placement
home Physical conditions at these homes are
sure to be shown to their best advantage and as
far as outward appearances go there may be little
cause for complaint as to their management
The ealiber of the investigators, however, is a
surety that the probe will be thorough and that
surface appearances will not be accepted at other
than their true valuation. The facts brought to
light by unofficial investigators have given them
camouflage up.
1t is regrettable that such an investigation was
necessary. Had the guardians shown a disposi-
ton to cooperate with the organizations which
alleged mismanagement and mistreatment OF the
wards and placed all their facts on the table for
the District authorities to judge the whole matter
likely would have been Strengthened out before now
Members OF the board are not responsible for the
faulty system under which they must function, but
they have placed themselves in a position 70 be
criticised for not aiding in correcting the evils of
the system.
Should the District Investigators find the CON-
ditions to be such as pointed out by the Congress
OF Mothers and others, there can be little doubt
recommendations will be laid before the Commits
sioners calling for legislation to place the guardians
under jurisdiction of the city fathers
This is the logical solution of the whole trouble
There has been too much scattered authority in the
administration OF practically all of the Districts
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
SHOULD CONSIDER
PUPILS MENTAL AGE.

That the school child should be
permitted to develop the full range
of his possible individual abf1ftist
and that the scientific method Of
determining whether he is doing
this is by interpreting the work he
actually does in terms of his men
tai age. was emphasized at the ses-
sions Of the National Educational
Association. at Boston.
The age of opinion In education
is past" declared Miss Jessics Mar
shall, principal of the Newtor
School. Toledo. Ohio. Both teach
ers and pupils are anxious 20 have
some scientific method OF measur-
ing progress. she said. in pointing
out that the combined use Of in
telligence and educational tests
provide the means of measuring
the success with which we are soIN-
ing the great problem OF EirinQ
every child the education best
suited to his needs.
Albion L. jenkins. principal ~
school No. ?. Paterson. y. J.. sale
that the present standards are FOL
the grade only. There are no stand.
ards for pupils mentally younger
or older than the grade average
A very bright pupil can make the
grade average without exertina
himself while a slow pupil who
has worked diligently. may bs
regarded as a failure because he
has not reached the grade stand.
ard. Il is evident that this Is un-
fair to both pupils. The present
standard is the average for thous-
ands of children of the same grade
and such test shows what the
child does in relation 20 the aver
age child. but IL does not show
how much he should have done
These tests should be used Jointly
with the intelligence tests 20 de-
terr1ine the pupils efficiency II
a pupil with a capacity Of so maker
a score OF so in arithmetic. the
result is very different from q
score Of 50 by a capacity of ITO
The first pupil is working At full
capacity. the second at only 70 pei
cent OF his normal ability. The
pupil OF a capacity OF lIo shoulc
be required 20 do enough more thar
the average 20 bring his score ut
to ITO.
In many of his. classes. said Ben.
jamin B. Greenberg. principal ~
the william T. Harris School. New
York City. the brightest boys were
five or six years above the dullest
in mental age
5000
II has been estimated that In
1895 there will be a total consump-
tiop of 45s.ooo tons of inorganic
nitrogen in this country.
Cultivation of the soy bean. oi
which there are more than OOC
varieties. has been developed ir
China to such an extent that u
now represents the principal agri-
cultural industry Of that country
The oldest public railroad in the
world is the one which was opened
September %. 1925. between Stock
ton and Darlington. England. an6
Is still running.
W. d.
The Washington herald., 1922-07-07
Rain Hurts Farmers.

n ITY the poor farmer. Week after week he
has waited for an unbroken stretch of dry,
hot weather for his haying. But from Maine to
California storm clouds have kept pace with the
music of the whetting of scythes and the field
the hay lies in damp burrows.
After hard winter, one of the hardest
experienced within the memory Of the oldest inhab-
tants, farmers along the Atlantic coast had reason
to expect an excellent season. The old saying that
SNOW is the poor mans fertilizer" repeated
rather generally this spring storm followed
another along the north coast. But nature has
not worked according to copybook rules this year.
To folks in Washington a rainy day means,
perhaps, interrupted golf game delayed
automobile trip. 1t is irritating. 1t is liable to
explosive language not fit use in the COM
pany of a parson. But to the farmer continual
rain is tragedy-even than complete lack
of it. His hay in the fields his seeds rot in
the ground. Rain and sunshine are compliments
to each other in the science of agriculture. When
there is too much of one the other there is woe
in the villages.
To the farmer more particularly than to any
one else, it is apparent that the seasons are chang
ing. Perhaps the Key West railroad is respon-
sible. Perhaps it is only perverse nature. But
the fact remains that the old rules OF the farmers
almanac not be followed any longer with any
certainty of success. And the farmers in sore
straits.