The New York herald., 1922-09-27
Warns Europe Against Ig-
noring Countries Directly
Interested in Solution.
SEES DANGER OF WARS
Declares Freedom of Straits Is
Necessary to Black Sea
States.

Moscow, Sept. &c (Associated Pressl.
TO England. France, Italy, Greece,
Rumania, Jugo Slavia, Bulgaria and
Egypt, proposing an immediate con-
ference designed to find a solution OF
European Powers against again ignor-
ing the interests of those countries
directly interested in the freedom Of
the Dardanclles. The note reiterates
any decisions unless she is a party to
the agreement.
The note, which was dispatched by
Acting Foreign Minister Karakhan,
declares that as none of the European
Powers is taking proper steps to pre-
vent developments which appear likely
TO draw the entire series of countries
addressed into war; the Soviet Govern
ment considers that only an immediate
and powerful intervention can localize
the affairs and possibly save south
eastern Europe from a new outbreak
of bloodshed.
Demands Restoration Of Turk.
"The Soviet Government" says the
note, considers the basis of events in
the Near East hinges on one question.
which is recognition for the Turkish
peoples right to the actual restoration
of Turkish sovereignty over the Turkish
capital of Constantinople and the
straits.
"The freedom of the straits" the note
continues. is necessary primarily to
the Black Sea Powers. TO Russia and
her allied republics and 20 Turkey. these
countries embracing the greater part OF
the Black SeauGoast."
The note details the Russo Turkish
agreement of 1921, which declared for
the international status Of the straits
for trading purposes. About the time
this agreement was reached, II adds. the
victorious Powers of the world war had
recognized only their own interests, so
far as the straits were concerned, dis
regarding Russia altogether.
The Soviet protests against the usur-
patton by Great Britain of the rights Of
Russia, which, after Turkey, is the coun-
try occupying first place in interest
where the freedom of~the straits is con-
cerned. The note says the European
Powers have not disputed this right
heretofore, but during the whole history
OF the Eastern question have given first
place to Russian interests In all inter
national agreements.
Recognition of Russian interests went
so far in 1916" the note adds. that the
Allies bound themselves by a special
-
stantinople and the straits. The Soviet
never considered that Russian interests
demanded the enslavement OF part OF the
Turkish people Therefore the Soviet
annuled the old Car agreement.
THE Soviet Government reiterates its
previous declaration that Russia will
not recognize any decision regarding the
fate of the straits without Russla's par
ticipation. Russia and Turkey agreed
upon the order in which II was neces-
sary to realize the freedom of the straits,
and Russia therefore takes occasion to
warn the European Powers against a
repetition Of the errors based on igncr-
ing the interests Of those Powers directly
interested. No decision with regard to
the straits without Russia's participation
will be final or lasting. II will merely
create ground for new conflict.
THE freedom OF the straits which
England has in view signifies the desire
OF q strong sea power to control routes
vitality necessary to other countries so
as to hold them under threats. In the
first place these threats are directed
aguinst Russia and Turkey. England
has directed her military forces 20 pro-
coed to the Near East. and che endeavors
to draw into the Greco-Turkish war
France and italy and also Jugo-Slavia
and Rumania."