davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1922-11-23
ORGANIZATION

General economy and climatic con
dItlOns have playeE more or less of an
important part in Ethe progress of ex-
tension work in he county the past
year. In one WY conditions were
very favorable toEa change to better
practices in agriculture, the farmers
realizing through lie experience of the
past few years t Dat it was next to
disastrous to depfhd on the one-crop
system, since the xprice of their com
modify, wheat, hs reached a low
level For the rSbst part they were
Wiling to accept Suggestions in more
alyersiheation VIII h meant, livestock
ana the incident oops there, but the
financial conditio16 made it impossible
70 change our 1tethod very much.
however, a prog1m to this end has
peen adopted and eighteen commune
Iles are organize9 for Farm Bureau
work; The is 4 communities have
ssuopted an average of five different
i ilueS OF work so chat total of 80
IOeal projects we3e adopted for the
past year. Seve9y-seven men and
women lead thest 90 local lines of
t EUiA' some leadiBg two projects. The
INES OF work taAxn up in each com
ns were determined by the source
~ Income OF THAI community, the aim
90 10 work ON projects what were
=; greatest local Importance. Farmers
,ro1 Taen community decided upon the
thn LOT mat coHmunity AMI selected
iocal leaderSf These community
programs make Id the comfy nro-
20 a." az VI work anfit has been the aim
ore She county agent and project lead
Ma W Iay the liquidation of a definite
tba4 LOT agrlcu4 ure for the county
ova. you'd be foAowed and expanded
period Of years.
DAItYING
beor er Surveyor the county had
70 tbn naue TINS spfing it was apparent
dol agent thaF number of good
neejo5 COWS and sdne dairy bulls were
war; -, Dalry cows and better sires
nort,,. y:aiAed by ting agent at every OPP
few niCy IN an Hort to interest a
aoroo e 4l III each community who would
nort ~ ~, give thd project their sup
a cor,n me OBJECT Ivas not to put on
cows E ~ out rafher to place a few
On - ene proper hands as a start !
wouId peinanent dhiry project which
years 20 gradually spread out in the
bulls ~ ~ come, and with few dairy
rrad rad paced in thel county we could |
worI Diy grow intd the industry. The
;orA was taken ID at the oroaniza-
.tOn meetings in nide comma,nities and
y was planned to purchase total of
,n1 y-elght cows inlthese communitias
!, ~ 70 organize mind blocks in conn.
no association. The agent urged
ible r. - agree ON one breed if pos
he nv ~ facilitate future breeding and
+ ~ naen very wisely decided in favor
4 tbo guernsey, which in the opinion
ow in 4 tSa will make us a splendid
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1922-11-23

and it will probably be mid winter OF
early spring before we can take up
other phases of the work.
RODENT coNTBbL
The agent was not abb to outline
definite program for dhis project
being new in the county, and having
no Information as to the infested
areas, or amount of pOipn needed.
Thirteen communities eooperated in
the poisoning work of the Columbia
ground squirrel and mixing demonstra-
lions were held in ten Of these with
260 men reached or at meetings. The
farm bureau advanced the money to
buy the poison which was purchased
through the university extension and
sold to the farmers al cost. 312
ounces of strychnine and 43 ounces
of saccharine were distributed to 300
farmers with 5000 pounds of bait
mixed, and applied on 10000 acres
The agent cooperated Swith D. d.
Green of the biological Survey in the
poisoning of Indian land in which
there were 1170 pounds of bait dis
tributed over $4,000 acres. 2S7 letters
were mailed announcing meetings and
two press articles published in sew
eral papers. Fifteen days were spent
in this work.
Owing to the lack of enforcement
of the rodent law in this county, poor
progress was made toward the eradi-
cation of this pest Farmers cooper
ating in the poisoning 4were able to
keep the squirrels down and limit the
damage done, but careless neighbors
with large acreages Of pasture land
surrounding our agricultural section
on which there has been no poisoning
done, supply sufficient squirrels each
year to make it impossible to eradi-
cate them, however, il is planed to
ask the commissioners at their Jan
uary term to enforce 1the rodent law
Of the state thereby baking the poi
soning work compulsory in specified
sections in the hope ofcleaning up the
squirrels on the cultivated land. By
this it, would not be
a hard matter to keep them poisoned
back from the crop area.
PURE SEED
Very little work was planned, the
agent not being familiar with gen.
eral conditions Or just what was need
ed in this field. However, as the
spring advanced it Became apparent
that pure seed and standardized va
rieties of potatoes were needed. The
agent with the cooperation of the pro
iect leaders set OUT to interest the
farmers in better seed potatoes Five
were tofplant a total of i
sacks off certified Melted |
Gems and Idaho Rufal seed potatoes
1913 sacks of Nettetl Gem and idaho
Rural potatoes wera secured through /
he agent and planted by farmers in
sight communities. One man securing
lis seed through ANOTHER source plant
ID fifteen acres. The total acreage for
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1922-11-23

At the time of writing this report
the agent is not able to give much in
the way of definite results accom-
plished. The majdt part of the work
and the accomplishments naturally
come in the lats fall and winter
months, at which& time the farmers
are able to take ~ inventory of feed,
finances, etc, and determine how far
they are able to 70 in such an under
taking To get Kdefnite information
on the number q cows wanted the
agent a short tinlh ago mailed letter
and return card 4 the farmers asking
them to indieatek be number of cows
wanted Word has been received from
twenty farmers %wanting a total Of
fifty bred heife& of the Guernsey
breed. F. r. CaIBnack the field dairy
man of the UniWrsity Extension SER
vice spent three GAYS in the county in
the interests of$this project. With
practical assuranfe that there was at
least two ears Of milk stock wanted
the agent turnea his attention to the
bull associatioM believing that it
would be mistake to import cows
unless animals 10 breed them to as
well as the eowgwe already have were
purchased and Aipped in at the same
time. Newspapa- articles, letters and
personal visits HIVE kept the project
before the farnifr, and while only one
of the block# has actually been
formed the Temporary agreements
have been dFaEn up and mailed to
the project LEADERS, in several COM
munities, and tie organization of sew
eral of these blocks is waiting on the
agent to schedhle meetings and get !
the interested 1nen together and the
agent expects 10 finish this work in
the next three %eeks. A total of six /
dairy meetings ahas been held by the
county dgent Nth one hundred and
twenty-five people present. Two by /
Mr.. Cammaek Filth % people present
Eight press artieles published, 92S
letters and 6S4 cards mailed announe-
ing meetings Tand determining the
number of cow wanted 100 bull as
ISOLATION and Il $50 "YOur Future
Herd'' bulletiH have been mailed 8
home or farm Visits made, about five
days time having been devoted to this
field work, ara approximately nine
days for meetiRgs.
BoULTRY
T. is the aink of the county agent
and project lea5ers in building up the
poultry proieefto dispose of all the
boarder hens X the county This is
30 be. accomplished through a series
Of culling demonstrations by the
county agent Sixteen communities
we're involvedf ten culling and ten
mating demonstrations were to be held
ov the equity Agent, and poultry spe-
.ialist. Prem More Twenty-one cul-
ing demonstrat ons were to be held
~ the countyfag Through these
community meetings to be held at cen
rally located Sacesi it was hoped to
each every farmer in the county. To
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1922-11-23
County Farm Agent Makes Report on Seasons Work

the certified planting kbeing thirty
three. Two field INSPECTIONS were
given the potatoes by g II. Rearden,
assisting f. R. Bennett field horticul-
turist, and thirty four home or farm
Twists were made in his work, con
sisting of five days. Horty-one cards
and letter mailed in DE interests of
this work. Fifty potato bulletins
were sent to growerS and two press
articles published in seven papers. A
few of the men gro&ing these pota-
toes will have some certified seed to
sell but most of them expect to keep
what they have grown this year for
next springs planting Our aim in
starting this projectkwas to standard
ize our product by Tie introduction of
better and higher yielding seed of the
standard varieties, md q second con-
sideration was the possibility of some
of the men growing Hnto the raising Of
certified seed. Thefmen planting this
seed are well pleassd with the results,
it having yielded awhere comparison
was possible from one third to one
half more marketable tubers than
their own grown seed. These pure
seed meetings were held by Spangler,
assistant agronomiyt with fifty-fve
men present. $50 1etters were mailed
announcing these greetings and two
press articles published. Two fields of
wheat and one of Bats were inspected
by w. III. Hulbure inspector in the
crops department 81 of the university.
One S0-acre felds of Triplet wheat
passing Inspections One demonstration
for control of via morning glory by
sodium arsenite spray was started on
the farm of j. T.. Stewart, in the
Tolo lake distri& Two fields of
wheat were sownt this month treated
with copper carbonate, on which re-
cords viii be kep4.
MISCELLANEOUS
Grasshoppers
The county agent assisted IN poI-
soning grasshopp4s along the Salmon
and Snake rivers. $500 pounds Of
poison bran mixture was put out by
twelve farmers Over about 600 acres.
Six days. time Mas consumed in this
work and two ptess articles published.
The hOppers attacked the crop on the
ranch of the Nekperce Sheep company
at Pittsburg Baf The agent assisted
Charles Finnegah, manager of the
company in starting the work the first
of July. The poisoning was continued
FOR three weekf the pest completely
controlled. MI Finnegan recently
handed the agept statement showing
q total of $3.50 saved, mostly hay
grown after tie ranch and adjacent
had Been freed of the hop
pers, at total cost of SOFAS, for
poison and labor of mixing and dis
tributing the bait. Reports from sew,
eral farmers along Salmon river who
in fhe work show saving
If considerable additional crop
EMPLOYMENT
Continued on next page.
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1922-11-23
SWINE HgsBANDRY
Boys and Gids Club Work

Practically all AZ people of Idaho
county are interested in some type Of
hogs to limited degree While a few
farmers are especially interested in
one of the principal breeds, it has
been hard to get 3he farmers in any
one community tos unite on any def
mite program. However, one phase of
the work that isl noteworthy was the
organization of tie Boys and Girls ,
Pig club. With the aid of Project
Leader Howard Mckinley and John
FunlSe of Cottonwood, a club of
twelve members was organized on
June 5th On June 18th the members
procured their PIGS and started to fit
them for showing at the idaho County
Fair. The PofSid China Breeders'
association put tp ribbons and $50 in
premiums and tie local fair associa-
tion matched it With an equal amount.
Several meetings were held with tie
club during the GUNNER, at which Mr..
Gongwer of the University and f. F..
Rinehart of the lextension department
II. A. Stone district club leader and
the county agent coached the mem
bers on livestock Judging and feeding
their pigs. Practically the entire
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1922-11-23

instruct him in the fundamentals of
culling so that he might put the meth
cd into practice on his flock and there
by get rid of the bad l6afers. Over
period of years by this method it
was planned to decrease the number
of poor or mediocre henS and gradual
ly increase the number of good birds
until each farm maints6ned at least
200 high producing heIk& If was the
aim also to talk and Encourage bet
ter methods of feeding and housing,
and in short to thoroughly familiarize
everyone with the faetors necessary
to the successful handling of poultry.
Nineteen culling DEMONSTRATIONS
have been held by Tie county agent
with total of 1l17 binls handled and
Gil fowls taken out .aS culls with 1872
people attending. RI T. Parkhurst,
head of department bf poultry hus-
bandrv of the univ@tity held four
culling demonstrations at which there
were 3O2 birds handl# and Isl culled
out, with 81 people Intending.
The number of bids culled by the
specialist and the agent show that 55.S
percent were taken DIT as culls. In
addition to the above, Mr.. Parkhurst
mated three flocks ami gave one pOul-
try lecture during ting county fair held
at Grangeville Oct. p-l1-12. $40 let
tiers and 600 cards have been mailed
the me9tings. Fifteen
press articles published in from three
to seven county Rspers announcing
Eight new poultry sbouses have been
built and ten houses remodeled during
the year. A large percentage of the
farmers are using Improved feeding
of some SORT as a result of
the work
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
EDUCATIONAL POLICY

Secretary OF State Hughes, in recent
address before the National Education
Association, limited at very real danger
in the American system of education when
he reminded his hearers that education is
mot merely for the purpose of enabling
one to know how to earn living and to
fit into an economic status, more or less
fixed, but of giving play to talent and
aspiration and to the development of
mental and spiritual powers"
In the cry for vocational training, and
in the ready acceptance of it by enthusiast
tic boys and girls who naturally long for
action, the purpose served by purely cul-
tural training is being overlooked. The
aim of education, as Secretary Hughes
has pointed out, is not merely giving the
pupil a menas of sel-suport; he must be
led to realize his best self. In other words,
his powers of appreciation must be fost-
cred; his spiritual life must be deepened;
his mind must be trained out of sluggardly
habits and its processes made keen and
alert to deal with problems arising daily in
the community of which he is member.
The aim of the system of education will
determine the mental and cultural status
of it's citizens. If America expects her
children to reach the mental status of
children of other nations, she must pro-
vide them with intellectual training and
with suiritual ideals, las we'll as with the
tool of industry. The present tendency is
to provide only the latter.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
NONE OF MANS BUSINESS

The decision of New York judeg that
women have the right to wear knicker-
bockers and to smoke would appear to be
merely restatement of the obvious were
it not for the fact that certain fussy folk
by their activities as would-be reformers
have confused the question in the public
mind. A young married woman was ar
rested while sitting on her porch at a
summer resort, clad in Knockers" and
smoking cigaret. The charge preferred
by the intelligent officer was "vagrancy."
81 find nothing wrong in wearing such a
costum,' was the courts ponderous edict
But what man, unless professional
costumier, is justified in setting himself up
as an authority on woman's clothes?
Women are not constantly trying to tell
men what they shall and shall not wear
Was there ever time when woman
dressed more appropriately and sensibly
than they are today?
As for smoking by women, that is a
question of taste and custom with which
the law should have no concern, To ar
rest woman for sitting on her porch in
knickerbockerJ, smoking cigaret, on the
charge of vagrancy, while our city streets
are filled with male loafers, who do moth
ing but obstruct the sidewalk and insult
passers-by, is to make a mockery of
justice.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
TWO VITAL NEEDS

There are two very important things
that 60 toward making good, live town
one is persistent, thorough and attractive
advertising and the other is backing up
the advertising with performance There
is no use advertising if you haven't the
goods, and there is no use having the man
who sits down and waits for more enter
prising and public-spirited persons to bring
trade to him, and neither is it by the man
who fails to deliver the goods when called
upon. Both help make cow pasture of a
town. When the business houses of COM
munity know how to advertise and how to
follow up the advertising by giving good
service, the community is sure to grow,
and that helps all the people, for part of
every dollar stays in town. A part of every
dollar spent in town goes to taxes,
churches, charities, street and sidewalk
Improvement. Isn't that argument enough
to convince you the dollar ought to stay
here?
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
SOMETHING'S WRONG

Coal is the most efficient of our great
industries There are not enough miners
part of the time, and too many miners the
rest of the time. There are twice as many
mines as are needed, with 4000-year sup
ply beneath the ground, and yet the Amer
lean public has to suffer or be robbed.
Coal profits of the operators are seldom
normal-its either feast or a famine
with the men who operate our coal mines.
Out of every 1000 pounds of coal mined
only rs pounds are converted into heat
energy-the rest is waste. It was the
same way with crude oil at first-before
an organizer came along in the person of
Mr.. Rockefeller and he put the oil prod
ucts in the hands of the people. Citizens
around Winnemucca who have become
tired of coal strikes and coal shortages,
and constantly changing coal prices, join
with the other people of this land in pray
ing that some day the coal industry will
be put on basis that will forever relieve
them of being both worried and gouged
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
TRY THIS ONCE

Did you ever go to a Winnemucca mer-
chant and ask him to give you qoutation
on $25 or $50 order of merchandise?
Try it once. It's hundred to one shot
that you will get concessions that will sur
prise you. But do it, understand, just as
you would send your money to mail
order house. The chances are that your
local merchant is oftimes handicapped
in purchasing power by the fact that he
has all his money tied up in giving credit
to the people that will come in his place,
order weeks supply on credit and when
the wages come in at the end of the month
send the bluk of it to mail-order house.
When an order is sent to one of them it is
always for quantity of goods-not just
one little purchase. So if you want to be
fair, if you want to actually test the local
merchants prices, ask him for quotations
on quantity purchases. You'll find that
you can do better right here at home
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
CRILLINC CANDIDATES

We note from exchanges that in num-
Der of sections women voters are demand
ing of candidates that they publish their
views on all important public questions,
and we believe the fair sex has opened up
something that the male voters never
seemed able to accomplish The women
of America are Untitled to vote-why are
they not entitled to know the views of the
candidates who seek their ballots? We
believe women voters around Winnemucca
will agree with us when we say that it is
far better to come right out and ask the
candidate where he stands than it is to
consult their husbands, who generally
know too little about the men they support.
The time has come in this country when
everyone must protect his own pocket
book. And just how legislator votes
after he gets in office has a lot to do with
the pocketbook. So this new move to put
candidates on record bears on its face the
mark Of mighty good thing; thing en-
titled to attention in this community the
same as in any other.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
IN YEARS GONE BY
TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO
August Ia, 1897
(From The Silver State Files)

Mccormack, the Nevada prize
fighter who beat his wife almost to
death in Grass Valley and was shot
in the head by her, is about to die.
No one is objecting to his imme-
date demise.
An ingenius woman in Durango,
Colorado, who has ever felt fear
that her clothing might sometime
catch fire, has invented a device
for her own protection. By the
mere pulling of a string every
fastening in her garments is re-
leased and they fall from her. 1t
is hoped that she will never be en-
barrassed by false alarm.
J. M. Ugarrizza has bought the
wool press which has been stand
ing on the depot platform for sew
eral years and will take it to Cane
Springs and bale his wool at that
palce hereafter.
We will open the Gilt Eagle
saloon, formerly the international,
this Saturday evening. 1t will
be conducted in first class manner,
and a bowling alley run in con-
nection. Call around and see us
tonight.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15

The preacher doesn't say much about
it, but it is believed he would prefer to
have members in his congregation do their
sleeping at home.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
TEN YEARS AGO
August ID, 1912

"Shorty" johnson, formerly mar
shall of Golconda, is in town today
for medical treatment, suffering
from blood poisoning caused by an
insect bite. He states that about
a dozen men in the vicinity of
Red House are affected the same
way.
James P. Byrnes, Republican can
didate for county commissioner,
long term, returned this morning
from Reno, accompanied by his
mother, Mrs. Mary A. Byrnes of
the Shone House.
Warden Geo. w. Cowing of the
Nevada state penitentiary faces the
strangest situation in his experience
as head Of the institution. He must
find five men to shoot down a
man in cold blood on August 2Srd.
Amdriji Mirkovitch, duly con-
victed and sentenced to death for
the murder of John Gugovich of
Tonopah, was, under the new stat
ues, given his choice of hanging or
shooting. He chose the latter. With
the execution set for August 23rd,
Warden Cowing must carry out the
sentence upon that date. AS all
the many men approached have
absolutely refused to undertake the
task of shooting down a human
being, he is at complete loss as
to how to carry out the death
science. Cowing stated that he
will make an effort to have the
matter brought to the attention of
the court. He has been working
upon the condemned man to change
his mind and go to death upon the
gallows, but this Mirkovitch re-
fuses to do.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15

Isn't is strange how virtuous the average
Winnemucca man can appear when he's
carrying quart bottle of vinger along the
street?
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15
DOESN'T SWALLOW EVERYTHING

Even SO thorough-going miner
as Lesion Ballet of Tonopah, always in
the game, is now telling mining men that
they have been and are being gyped by the
so-called silver bill If miners are bound
to be pleased by the reflection that they
sold their silver for 81 when it might have
commanded anywhere from $1.2O to
$1.371a, there is no one to say them nay.
If they rejoice in the fact that from a
quarter to third of a dollar on every
ounce of their silver went to help make
some fthe thirty thousand new million
aires which the war produced in this coun-
try under Democratic government, their
pleasure is certainly we'll earned
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1922-08-15

Those ex-service men who with sorrow
and disapproval have witnessed the cleo
ton Of acknowledged politicians to all
offices in the Nevada department of the
American Legion-a clear-cut attempt to
make a political machine of an organiza-
ton in which membership should be an
honor-will look with approval on the
statement in the August II number of The
American Legion Weekly that "In the
opinion of expert observers the election of
Arentz in Nevada is probable"