davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-08-13

palavers and had plucked the livers
from the dead to eat their courage
and incorporate it in themselves.
Such had been the happy days of
old before the coming of the
whites. Now they were mere
slaves. The boundjous
(whites) were heartless. They de-
serted their children by negro
women. and these children
scorned to associate with the
blacks. They were full of hate and
envy. AS for the white
women, no use talking about them.
1t Is necessary to dispose of this
element, this sinister statement of a
part of the problem of race conflict
(and essentially true statement),
before one can really approach the
more important part of the book.
For this. after all. is a very small
part Of the whole. and. moreover. it
holds no great novelty. though it
The New York herald., 1922-08-13
THE MOTHER OF ALL LIVING. BY

THE MOTHER OF ALL LIVING. BY
Robert Keable. l.. II. Dutton & Co.
l"HERE is some magnificent
reading in Mr.. Keable's new
- novel. The African back
ground is vigorously drawn, and
wonderful land it proves 10 be. The
story is absorbing and has true emo
tional quality. There is tenseness
| i'm the situations. vividness OF char
| acter that is rare enough in writing
and that amounts 10 poetry. Mr..
Keable feels beauty strongly and is
able to put beauty into his pages:
there are scenes here that will res
main in the memory long after the
| book has been finished. and there are
talks between the men and the
women of the story so real, 50 alive,
that you seem to bear your own part
| in them, to be one OF those talking,
not a mere reader. The reality of
the book is extraordinary. indeed. If,
just after you had finished it, some
one were casually to remark, Have
YOU ever been in South Africa?" you
would be very likely to answer that
you had-wonderful place. great ex-
perience. and how you'd like to get
back there again. Surely this is an
accomplishment. and Mr.. Keable is
a man to be reckoned with among
the writers of the day.
There are parts of the book not so
convincing as the best of it. The love
theme rests. is one of these weaker
portions 1t never manages to seem
like real passion, like the great love
Ii is supposed 10 be, the inevitable
thing in the life of man and a
woman. 1t is perhaps because it is
so literally sprinkled with dears and
darlings and stolen kisses 1t ends
by seeming rather an affair between
flapper and some passing youth
and you grow distinctly weary OF
the recurring scenes. But, though
all this is from the authors point of
view OF the greatest Importance. it
matters very little TO the reader. !
What he likes is the warm, glowing.
vivid life of that far land. into which
he is initiated from the first para
graph, and the interesting people he
meets. Cecil's particular problem.
the development and solving Of
which makes the plot. is certainly
thrilling enough. and the author pre-
sents his conception of the values
Of life in it satisfactorily. but it is
not this which makes the strong
charm of the volume.
The story is OF how Cecil Eldred.
fresh from six years of schooling in
Continued on Follotcing Paoe
The New York herald., 1922-08-13

But M. Maran's preface Is i'm
portant enough to call for very
serious consideration II naturally
has raised storm in France. where
the controversies it started are still
raging in the press and in Govern
ment offices. The last word. accord
ing to recent press dispatches. from
nj. Maran himself in reply 70 his
critics has been a demand for an
official investigation OF the FreRcf
colonial administration. His charges.
in brief were that the negroes were
being treated worse than animals
and that the colonials themselves
haven't the strength 70 stand up
against the influences Of their sur
NIndings," and so take 10 drink ard
doIauchery. And 80" he concludes.
Ninteilectual anemla joining hands
with moral debility. they have de-
The New York herald., 1922-08-13

Continued on Follo,cino Page.
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Specialist in Boil
Weevil Poisoning
V. V. Williams. Now With Tallulah
Laboratory, Will Direct Work
in This State.

Clemson College, May S.-V. v.
Williams, a specialist in boil wceril
poisoning. has been secured Nv the
Extension Service from the Delta
Laboratory, Tallulah, La, to have
charge Of demonstration work IN poi
soning the boil weevil by the use Of
calcium arScnate during the present
season, according to amour cement If
Director w. w. Long. Mr.. Williams
Legins his duties in this connection
about May 10, and will have charge
of six demonstrations in different
PARTS of the state and will give in
Struction to county agents regarding
tie details of successful poisoning.
At 4 recent meeting of the board
e trustees of Clemson college, pro-
Vision was made for the purchase of
s'X dusting machines and for securing
" specialist to supervise the work on
six dusting machines and for securing
:; specialist To supervise the work on
six demonstration farms to be selected
l'y the Extension Service for this pur-
pose. Director Long announces that
tn" demonstrations will be on the
farms of the following farmers: AL
lcrt Scarborough, Richland county;
Lang d. Jennings, Sumtcr county; L
J. kinard, Greenwood county; G. u
Nance, Laurrns county. From these
demonstrations on the control of the
boil wccvil much valuable information
will be secured and disseminated 70,
the benefit of South Carolina farmers
In this connection also the EXten
! ion Service will hold in the near fu
I turc three district meetings of tn,
/ county agents throughout the stat,
/ for the purpose of having Mr.. vii
! liams instruct the agents regarding
! the details in the use of calcium ar
/ senate and the proper management OF
machines. In turn the county agent.
will select in their respective countie!
| lG to - farmers with whom they will
conduct demonstrations on poisoning
, These farmers will be selected largcl,
/ from the standpoint Of accessibility il
| their communities and neighborinl
! farmers will be notified from time t.
/ time when dusting demonstrations vii
! hc given on the farms of the 10 to |:
! farmers selected. In this way it, i
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Strike Disorders in Calcutta

Calcutta, May 8.-Some disorders
have resulted from the strike of EN-.
ployes of the East Indian Railway
which began February % in conse-
quence of disagreement over wages.
The strikers at Anasol burned the
temporary quarters occupied by the
workers there and this started fra
cas- between the workers and the strik-
crs, two Of whom were injured. Mag
istrates at Allahabad and Dhanbad
have prohibited gatherings of more
than 10 men because the strikers were
holding mass meetings and intimidat-
ing the employees who wanted to work.
More than half the Calcutta subur-
ban trains, which usually carried
about 10000 passengers each way
daily, have been discontinued owing to
the strike.
The secretary Of the Indian Labor
Association has called for a confer
enee of railway delegates to be held
at Anasol to discuss terms Of -settie-
rnent which have been offered by the
East Indian Railway.
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Postmaster General
Issues Statement

Washington, May 2.-There is no
unimportant person or part of tfe
postal system, declared Postmaster
General Work in a statement which
he has issued to postal employees
throughout the United States. Post,
duties, he added, are accommodations
performed for ones neighbors AMI
friends and should be so regarded
rather than as a hired service per-
formed for an absentee employer"
"The postal service of the United
States" DR.. Work said, "affects more
people in this country either directly
or indirectly than any other agency
whether it be public or private. 1t
was established and is maintained for
the benefit Of and use Of the people,
by the people and for the people, Our
ideal service therefore, is that service
which discharges all of the functions
of the postal establishment to the sat
isfaction of all of the people all of the
time"
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Coleraine News
May 3, 1922.

May 8, 1922.
The health + this community is
very good Il, this writing.
Mrs. b. c. Smith was visiting her
father, X. C. Cathcart, of Pauline
route, Sunday
John Smith spent the week END with
his son, r. +! Smith, of Pauline route
Mrs. +. J. Lawson of Greenville
spent last week with relatives and
friends in this community.
Carlisle Sherbert and children were
visitors of our Sunday school Sunday
Mr.. and Mrs. l.. B. Smith spent the
weekend with relatives near Enoree.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. NJ. Harrison attend
ed the convention at Lockhart. They
reported a nice time; also heard some
good singing and speaking.
Barne Williams and Paul Lawson
spent the weekend with relatives and
friends of Enoree route.
There will be Sunday school and
preaching at Mt. Lebanon Sunday
May 14th. Sunday school at 2 o'clock
| Preaching at 3 o'clock by Rev. Trog.
den Of Buffalo. Come and bring some
che with you.
There will be an entertainment al
Cocrainc school Friday night, May
~, 1880 o'clock. The public is cor.
daily invited to be with us. This
will be the closing night of the school
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Orchard and Garden Notes

Clemson College, May 8.-Spray
grapes with Bordeaux Mixture as soon
rs the flowers have dropped and the
fruit set. To protect from birds and
to prevent rot, bag the grapes when
the berries are about the size of okra
seed. Use No. 2 MANILA bags for the
Delaware and other small bunch va
rieties, and No. 8 bags for Niagara,
Concord and other large bunch sorts.
Make slit in the bottom Of the bag
for drainage, and then slip the bag
over the bunch and fold the corners
over and fasten with pin.
Cultivate the grapes throughout
the growing season.
Spray the apples with Bordeaux
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Mixture and arsenate of lead during
the last week of Nav.

Mixture and arsenate of lead during
the last week of May.
Remember that the peaches must
be sprayed every two weeks with
lime-sulphur spray for the control
of Drawn rot.
Spray tomatoes with Bordeaux
Mixture every two weeks for the
control of leaf disease.
Plant tomato seed in May and
transplant during July in the garden
or field. These will produce tomatoes
during September and October. Stone
is good late variety.
Cultivate and fertilize the aspar-
agus bed so that the crowns may de-
velop properly during the summer
and be able to produce heavy crop
of shoots next summer. Remember
that the yield and quality of the
asparagus depend largely upon the
treatment given the asparagus this
year.
Plant bunch beans every ten days
or two weeks for succession of snap
beans. Bountiful, Black Valentine,
and Giant Green Pod are good vari-
cites for the home garden.
Cultivate the garden after every
rain to keep it absolutely free from
grass and weeds, and to preserve
moisture.
Dust the Irish potatoes with arsen-
ate of lead to kill the potato beetles.
Also dust cabbage plants lightly with
arsenate of lead to destroy cabbage
worms
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Electrically Lighted Course

St Louis. No, May Am clcctri-
cally lighted nine gold putting course
Is beng constructed by the North
Hills Country club here Officials OF
the club declare the miniature course
IS being installed to encourage night
paying.
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Administrator's Notice

All persons having claims against
the estate of Amanda Parr-Vaughaa,
deceased, will present the same duly
probated for settlement and all per-
sons owing the said estate will come
forward at once and make settlement
TO j. 8. Scales,
Administrator.
Union, s. c.. May 8. 1922. B-12-19-26
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
Students Demand
Resignation of Professors

Constantinople, May 8.-Four pro.
fessors have resigned from the Uni.
versity of Stamboul at the demand of
the students on the ground that they
were strangers to the sentiments of
independence, nationality and sacred
rights"
Ria Tewfikbey, professor of phi
losophy, who was one Of the signers
of the peace treaty of Sevres, also was
requested to resign but did not do so.
The peace treaty Of Sevres aroused
the opposition of Turkish Nationalists
on the ground that it took away
Turkish territory and resulted in plae-
ing the sultan under the domination
Of the Allies.l Hwas recently revised
at conference in Paris but the re-
vision has not been accepted or put
into effect. L 81 ;SF
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09

The connection Mr.. Jno. K. Hamblin
had with reference to the tickets for
the hospital bonds and the preparation
of the election notice was that Of coun-
ty attorney, which was his duty to do
know that he was against the hos
pital bond issue, and that he made a
mistake as to the tickets, which mis-
take was corrected, and any statement
that Mr.. Hamblin was trying to mis-
lead or deceive the people is erron-
eous. J. V. Askew.
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09

JUST THE PLACE to buy your
spring suits and dresses. All the
lovely models in crcpes, taffetas,
satins and crepe metcors. The
Wonder Store. 1374-3t
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09

must not walk across her fathers
threshold.
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09

There are over POO women enrolled
"S students in the School for Citizen
ship at Yale University.
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
poisoning

farmers with au:hentic instructions on
poisoning
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09

FOR RENT-The TrefZer cottage, 5
rooms, light and water. Apply to
j. A. Brown. 1t
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09

GAGE HATS-Get your Gage Hats
for one-half price this week at The
Wonder Store. 1374-3t
The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, 1922-05-09
SPECIAL ADVERTISEMENTS

COME AND -Spartanburg
Minstrel at High School, Friday,
May II, at $50 p. m.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-04

First race Gor maiden three-yea r, ,oId $
and upward winners In 1s2i e2 nT..o, ana lgGz
100: Gladbrook. 100. Baby Mine, 100;
asangrando. io5; william Of c9rotoman.
ll5; Red Brand, lo5, Belmon 100; Lion ,nsl
Barf Coy. 1l5; St Donard. 1l5.
aE. B. Mclean entry.
Second race the baltimore steeple-
ward two miles-sea Play, 143: aWhea t
King 137 s4rnrng Sim Pe'nsT 81 T. psu ns G9ta 9s
rs: Royal Greens. ls2: HouyhnhInsnn.
~ G1snsaier IA, nivaS S06Fsaa 6ynn 147 s7
al E. Griffith entry. bW Wick and
Folly Farms entry.
Third race tfor twoye old maidens
and winners of one race four and half
Rechabite, Il2; Catapult, ll6, Reap, 112
Fourth race uhe sudbrook Park; FOR
fines oysar.ods f9Sr fHrlonEs.Hiao H.
Little Hope, 10; Papillon. 10.
Fifth race (seliing handicap; thrse-year
olds and upward; six furlongsl-Ted
r.; lol; Cromwell los Minute Man 19o: l9o:
h.fusc rs: coiando an w 100, :NisSt Raider ios;
was o Wake, as. asamuel Ross entry.
sixth race uhe Pikesviile Handicap
Racauetta, 100 missionary, lib; a Tre-
velyn. Ios; Prodisious. l1s; asqperiative.
1l2: bMy Play. 1l6. aWalter j. Salmon
entry. bLextngton stable entry
Seventh race for flies and mares;
three-year- and upward claiming;
mile)-Fannie Bean 100: jewell V. D,
100; Widow Bedotte, 1l4; 'K!ng $ Belle,
1os Antilles. 112: 'sister Flo. 1os; Turn
about, III; 'Natural. los; 'taushtsr, 100;
May Roberts, ll2. 'Fluzey, llo: 'Toodes.
~ The Vengeance. 100; 'Tan1.y Dresser.
a.
.Appren.ice allowance claimed.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-04
Lexington Entries

First race cpurse, $500; for fouryesr-
olds and uppwsrd claiming nile snd r,
io8. Nurture, IO5: Pirate McGee, 1o5
Link Boy 10, 'Toney Beau. 113.
Second race (purse $1,000; for three
year-oIds; maidens claiming four and a
half furlongs'-.Fuil Of Fun, no Miss
ll2: Little Sally, 112; Irene Walton, IL
Froth. 115; Jake Hay. 115; Taylor Hay.
1I5; Hopeless 115. Lucidus, ll5; Al Steb-
Ter. 115, Zapatos, 1lo
Third race (purse. $500; the Lawrence
burg allowances. for three-year- olds; six
furlong Dorothy Buckner 1o2: Isosceles,
l05; Boy from Home, lo5; Precious Lula
l06 ThibodeauX, l07; Ashland, ia Com
mander McMeekin. ia.
Fourth race (purse, $500; for four
year-olds and upward claiming mite and
sixteenth)-'Pe Peggy C.. 100; Virgo, lo5
Warsaw. los, Conan, los; Bob Baker, 1o5
Greenland. 40.
Stakes: for two-year-olds fllles; four
furlong ngs)-iFuu Spoon, ia; Ethel Clay
ton, IA sBelphrisonia ~; i-avanlat IA
Fair Agnes ~; tkindrsd }14, sBels o. o.
1Avisack 11o: Dearie, 119; Kitty Will
liams. 11a: Mascotte, lls; Antonio. ils.
1Montfort Jones entry. IS. s. Hewett en-
try. 81. p Smith entry.
Sixth race (purse, $500: The Boones
boro; allowances: for four year-oids and
upward six ongs)-Cinderella 1o3,
Donna Loriette, lo3. Mysterious Girl, 1o7
John Hosner Jos: East Side. 1oS; Royal
Dick, 1os; High Cloud, loS; Derniera Sou.
JOS. Bullet Proof. 115.
Seventh race (purse. s13oo. for four
year-olds and upward claiming one mile
and sixteenth Princess Lou. 9s; Pen
Miss Prosperity, 1oS; British Maid 400;
Plato. 1os.
.Apprentice allowance of i've pounds
r la
New-York tribune., 1922-05-04
Lexington Results

First race for three year-olds and up
ward; claiming; purse $1,000; six furlong'
-Auntie May. 1O2 tJones), S24.6o. 1870
and - so won: Charles Henry. 1l0 (Mur-
ray), sas so and $500, second, Rapid stride
1f9 a. Wilson,. $3.50. third Time
1I53-5 Helen Atkin. John s. Reardon
Tommy Waac, Ring Rose and War Prize
also ran.
Second race. (for maiden two ,yesr Id
a half furlongs)- tarchmont, Il5 (MuT.
ray), 50. $4.20 and $3.50, won; Menlo' 10
on. GarneD, $500 and $3.50, SECOND
Kent ll4 Gray 50 go. AdRs1i,nocksT thtsa 1fnT
Rev de Ada. shower of Gold and Charles
Whitney also ran.
Third race. Cfor four-yssar- and up up,
and quarter) Young Adam. lo7 tBruen-
VII, VII 167 ". POOH. $40 and s3to, see-
Louder and Wadsworths Last also ran.
Fourth race (the Nicholasville purse FOR
maiden three-year-o and upward al
IS 80 and s54o won; Excelss. 40 81.
Burke) $500 and $500. second Prologue
40 cMartin). s17.lo, third Time, l17 3
Gantleuan Iuoett Settle. Smart Alex,
Louis Adair and Hinkle also ran.
Fifth race tthe Phoenix Hotel Handi-
cap: for three -year-olds and upward purse
81 500; one mile and a sixteenth >-Advo
cate l07 % Connolly), }3.l0, $3.50 and
out won: Tableau d'Honneur, los GA. VII
SOM. s370 and out, second; Blarney stone,
% (F Wilson,. out, third. Time, l4s.
Sands OF Pleasure also ran.
sixth race (for two-year- -olds; claiming
purse sl.3oo; four and a half furlongs) -
Anna TODD. 1o7 (E PooD. $3.50 $50 and
sl4l0, won; Poppeye, 1lo ~. Burke). 81 90
and $3.50 second; Palladium 90
1ScheffeD, $3.50. third. Time o:57 3 5.
Miss Colette Jane A. pearie. Salton. Colo
mel Pat. Bess L., Leslie, spartana and
NOwata also ran.
Seventh race for fllies and mares three
wears. old and upward claiming purse
81 500: one mile and a siIteenth) --Escar-
polette l1o Or. DaWes), $50. $40 and
$3.50. won. Bertha s., 100 tE. POOH, -
and $3.50. second. Tulalip, as CIV. POOH,
s.eo third. Time, 81 a5 Alveride
Puzzle. Megan. Ava f. and Eyes OF Youth
lso
New-York tribune., 1922-05-04
lnsi gnia Awarded
10 Seventy seven
Columbia Athletes

The insignia committee Of the Co
lumbia University Athletic Association
yesterday made announcement of
awards in tennis, hockey, fencing.
wrestling, basketball, swimming and
water polo. In all seventy-seven
awards were made to the managers and
participants in the various winter
sports.
The awards follow:
Tennis. Numerals 1s2t-.A. q. Andrew.
Hockey 'hCt'-E. c. Anderson (captain)
y. u. MacKay (manaser). W Rollins y
A. Church. D. Rogers W squires, W. Jen
ninss. l., Rackow. NJ. Baldwin
:, Fenc'ns ,fCt,,P Bencoe. .?2 (captain)
,22' = E Ferrrssira; %; II. Rterschenk "a
r. Huber, '23. f.. Adams. 20 Cmanager)
Humerals i925[J Fuertes Ccaptain), e.
Wrestling "wCt"-J. f. Schwab II W
Hayman. Philip Hart (captain, W b
Johnson; p,n,r, r Port T L. Parsonnet, W. f
ager5 Minor spoT, e. We"nnuI iob Dman nan
intercollegiate l5s pound wrestling cham
pion. Numerals la25-W. d. Aulich tcap-
y. J Reisner, u. zabladowski, \. Arida
Basket ball "c"-Lester watson (cap-
tain). Donald l.. HarbouEh Cmanager).
"bCb'-Robert Pulleyn Captain elect, NJ
Rcilly. Harold Springhorn, ]. Mullen. W
Edcr, ~ Smith. Numerals ls25-s. strom
r. Barber. !. i. Donaldson. !. Van Brock
lin, II. Dockeril. " Wilson, l.. Thorpe
NJ. Lipschrz. A. Fields.
Swimming, minor sport W. Eberhardt
tCaptain), l.. Balbach. W. Mahar. set
\. Polk. r. Carter. .. n. lange. A. de
Fronzo, s. Knebel Rothschild, A. Chrystal
Frank MCCabe fma1aEerl.
Water polo. ''wCp''-Ralph n. Cooper
(captain), f. 8. MindliA, q. A. BeswinEer
I. Schif, y. r Judd. u. r.. Alderman.
Alan I. Altheiner. Edmund Cox, Frank
MCCabe tmanager).
New-York tribune., 1922-05-04
Fownes Will Captain
L. S. Amateur Golfers

". C. Fownes, Of the Oakmont Coun-
try Club. Pittsburgh, has been selected
by the United States Golf Association
to captain the American amateurs in
the team match with England to be
played in this country. The match will
be for the Walker Cup and will be held
in September. A committee named by
the L. S. G. A. will select the othel
members of the American team.
Fownes is former national amateur
champion and captained the team of
amateurs which played in England last
summer
New-York tribune., 1922-05-04

The greater tournament experience
and the cool court generalship that
comes with it enabled the West SIDE
men to take the measure OF their
young opponents from Columbia IN
rather easy fashion. The college boys
had speed and endurance to burn, but
many a time their vaulting ambition
overleaped itself and they came to
grief.
Frank T. Anderson. the former ma
tional indoor champion, was the only
Columbia man to win in the singles,
which he did by defeating Hugh G. M.
Kelleher of the West Side, at 6-2,
GO. Anderson and Gerald B. Emer-
son also won Columba's only doubles
victory by defeating Lyle f. Mahan
and William A. Campbell at 81, 6-3,
Ga, with Anderson playing Leading
part. The students voleying and
overhead play were high class. and his
furiousiy hit service was also decid-
ing factor in both his singles and
doubles matches.
Julian S. Myrick. president of the
United States Lawn Tennis Associa-
ton, helped put the West Side over
the top" by winning over F. X. and
A f. Scoville at 6-1, 6-2, in the
doubles. Myrick put on a look of mys-
terry when somebody asked him who
his partner was to be, and would say
no more than that "he's young fellow
I'm trying out; all he needs is expert
ence."
AS soon as the match began the gal
lery recognized Myrick's partner as
William A. Larned, seven times ma
tional champion. The Columbia pair
we're no match for the veterans, who
both used the Larned "tin Lizzie" rae
quets. Larned was deadly accurate in
his placements and Myrick was a veri-
table demon in his treatment of over
head shots.
In a special exhibition match Mrs.
Molla Bjurstedt Mallory, the national
woman champion, who sails for Eng
land week from next Tuesday to com
pete for the worlds championship. de-
feated Charles S. Landers, president of
the New York Tennis Association, by
score Of Cd, e, 6-4. Landers, after
dropping the opener, concentrated all
his energies, his bulldog tenacity and
his hopes of happy future on the sec
end set. winning that at 6-2. There
after. though the spirit was willing,
the flesh was weak, and there was bit
too much of it, so that Mrs. Mallory
took the last set and the match.
Landers's most effective shot was a