davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
Chicken Language.

DR.. FAIRBANK B. STocKDALE, min
lister of Bay Side, Long Island, says
that he has learned to distinguish
and understand twenty-one chicken
noises. Naturalists have long been
aware that the domestic chicken has
spoken vocabulary exceptionally
large among animals lower in the
scale than man. DR.. SToCKDALE has
evidently expended unusual patience
in separating these sounds and con-
Meeting them with definite impulses
or desires in the chicken.
The gift OF language is not neces-
sarily associated with brains. There
is accordingly no need to revise the
common opinion which regards barn
yard fowl as the silliest and stupid
est Of bipeds when we are informed
that they make use of wide range
Of sounds in expressing their wants.
their warnings to one another, their
fears.
Even the least observant persons
who have spent any time about a
barnyard must have learned to dis
tinguish certain OF the commoner
sounds in the chicken language.
Everybody understands that the hen
is gathering her brood about her
when she says "Cluck! Cluck!
Cluck!" Familiar also is the cry of
alarm. observation-disclosures"
DR.. STocKDAIE has trained himself
to distinguish between the sounds
made by hen when she is merely
calling her brood and those she
utters when she Is announcing that
food has been found. When he en-
tiers the hen house at night he hears
one warning given and different
one when he approaches nearer.
The spoken vocabulary of the do
nestle chicken has developed be-
cause of that estimable and useful
birds comparative freedom from the
hazards and the necessary cautions
which belong to the wild state. Au-
thorities declare that the wild
jungle fowl have no spoken Ian
guage. DR.. WLLrAM T. HoRNADAr
writes that during months Of resi-
dence in the jungle, where his hut
was surrounded by jungle fowl, the
only vocal sound he heard from them
was the crow Of the cock.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
Fifth Avenue Blocked.
Traffic Shut OH From Eight Blocks
Of II Last Monday.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD On Mon
day morning on leaving home with some
parcels l took taxicab to go to an
address on Fifth avenue between Forty
ninth and F'iftieth streets. When we
reached Fifty-seventh street and Fifth
avenue we were ordered to detour down
town by way Of Madison avenue, which
we found practically blocked with con-
fusion cf vehicles, trucks. &c.
on reaching Fiftieth street l left the
taxicab after paying nearly double what
would ordinarily have been the charge,
entirely due to the detour, waiting. &c.
When / reached Fifth avenue ! inquired
what was the reason for the avenue
being turned into a private road. more
or less filed with militiamen, and was
told 1t was incident to the funeral OF
a former leader of the National Guard.
But why was II necessary to shut Oft
eight blocks Of the avenue. and why
were the mon not nassed in side streets
adjacent to the church until it was
time for them TO participate in the
ceremonies?
During this time a second alarm rang
cut for fire in East F'lfty-ninth street
and the engines. &C.. had added diff
culties in getting to the fire, caused by
the side streets being more or less
blocked Later on I met an acquaint-
ance, who told me he had missed his
train out Of town on account of being
held up on the avenue.
What the shops suffered during that
cessation of traffic can well be imagined
Gan pn.hjpc- f,a dcna IN sfop this m! IS
use of Fifth avenue?
EDWARD A. LEROY.
New YORK, December 6.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
Points Out Need Of Alien Common Labor
E. NJ Herr, Head of Westinghouse Company, Also Dis
cusses Wage Situation in Industry.

| modified to avert shortage OF the Tor
eign born common labor upon which
industry largely depended. according to
Mr.. Herr. He called for selection. not
restriction, and showed that before the
war 68 men i'm every 100 were imm-
grants. IL were sons OF immigrants. and
but % native for two generations. of
these being colored.
THE greatest problem In the indus
/ trial relations of to-day" he continued.
lis the underlying labor unrest and dis
| trust. born OF fear and misunderstand-
| irg-fear OF coercion. unemployment and
sickness--and lack of mutual conf
cence as between employer and en-
ployed There Is more liberty and con-
sideration for the workers than has ever
! been known before and with it has come
/ to the workers the greater vision of
what they believe should belong to them
I in welfare and happiness. The social
responsibility OF management Is being
emphasized as never before.
THE awakened worker OF to-day.
more sensitive than his predecessors. in
telligent, critical and perhaps irritable.
must be convinced of the ability of man
agement as well as its good faith. and
in extreme cases even OF the necessity of
its being.
TT Is the duty and responsibility OF
the management of to-day to prove its
reason for being and that the collec-
tive result of the combined efforts for
managers and workers is q fine and
great thing. If they can feel that this is
the case most men Will toll cheerfully
as subordinates.'
Many large industries. Mr. Herr
brought out. have established personnel
departments to bring about essential
contact with workers. He pleaded for an
intelligent extension of this function. re-
GREETING that some companies had cur
tailed It in time OF depression when both
they and the men needed it most.
Joint representation OF men and man
age1nent along simple, plain lines that
could be lived up to, he said. tended to
eliminate outsiders and to facilitate set
Elements of disputes by local boards.
More than 100000 employees are now
working in this country under shop
representation plans, and in most cases
with improved relations with employers,
Mr. Herr said
Mr. Herr hit the cry OF "a living
wage" as untenable.
Wages are not and cannot be based
on the cost OF living" he declared. III
this condition Is to obtain the employee
must live in accordance with his income
and responsibilities and exercise frugal
ity and care In his expenditures. Unless
this Is done the real interest of the
employer and the employee will not be
conserved because wages would be lifted
to the point OF throttling industry"
| Power. ordnance and aeronautics will
be subjects Of the closing deliberations
| to-day.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07

ing by the Metropolitan Life Insur-
ance Company Of apartments to rent
at 50 month room, it has been
proved that the housing situation can
be attacked in an economical way.
But the Metropolitan's enterprise,
even il repeated a. hundred times,
would not go great way toward
filling the national shortage.
AS things stand to-day nobody is
building single houses except persons
that are willing to take their loss
when prices fall and charge that loss
tc luxury.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
The Prina Donna of the Baton.

Amateur critics of orchestra cor-
Guctors at the opera house and at
Carnegie Hall are not in harmony
with the spirit OF the public to-day.
They are as anachronistic as MAU-
RICE GRAU when he enormously said
that New York would not pay its
money to look at any mans back.
HANS Won BtiLow was more appre-
ciative Of the real attitude of the
musical audience when he called the
conductor the prima donna of the
baton.
The conductor shares all the re-
wards Of mis- profession that used to
be showered on the first singing lady
The compensation OF the famous con-
ductors from foreign lands when
they visit this country to-day is
enough to astonish the impresarios
OF the past. The popularity Of con-
ductor may even bring into exist
~ence for the display Of his talents
an orchestral organization that will
cost many thousands Of dollars. 1t
is the conductor and not the orches-
ira that the public fills the concert
halls to hear and see.
So every conductor OF an orchestra
must stamp his individuality on the
public. Nowadays each tries to do
this less by means Of extravagant
gestures and waving locks than by
interpretations of the works OF the
great composers. The public that
loves music, or, at all events, musi-
clans, must hear BEETHOVEN, BRAHMS,
TscHAIKowsKY and the other mas
ters as the conductor interprets
them. He was never SO popular as
he is to-day. For him honors have
never been so numerous. The re-
wards of his calling are greater than
they ever were. Were he here to-
day to describe what the conductor
has become voN BtLow would not
be content to call him merely a
prima donna. He would have to call
him q whole opera company.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07

weak and public authority spoke
through lis regularly constituted Off
Gals with a voice too low. Then
such men as WILLIAM T. CoLEMAN
went back to first principles and
over the heads OF inefficient. cor
rupt jobholders restored the reign
of order the bad men had over
thrown.
When order was established the
vigilance committees disbanded. In
Italy the Fascist have taken over
the Government. II the authorities
remain impotent the fault will be in
the Fascist themselves. The italian
vigilance committee will fail OF its
object If 1t does not render it's own
existence unnecessary.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
Rights of the Naturalized.
The Policy OF Other Nations Regard.
ing Military Service.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: think
that yohr answer 10 the question In the
letter signed "O'Shaughnessy" in rela-
tion to service in the army Of other
countries by naturalized Americans is
not moro than partially complete. /
think you win find that America has
not. does not and never will admit the
right OF foreign country TO conscrlpt
one to whom 1t has given citizenship
papers.
IT my recollection is correct a case
In point occurred during the first Ad-
minis;ration OF President Roosevelt. An
American citizen Of German origin re-
turned to Germany and was Impressed
into service President Roosevelt de-
manded OF Germany the release OF the
citizen thus impressed. taking the
ground that Germany could not compel
an American citizen to serve In It's army.
The citizen thus impressed was released.
When this Government puts Its seal
on a mans citizenship papers he is en-
titled in every way. shape and manner
to the same degree OF protection to
which a natural born citizen is entitled.
The writer. born In England. OF Amer
lean parents. ~ a natural born Ameri-
can citizen. possessing all the rights OF
an American citizen born Of American
parents in America. Such has been the
position OF the United States Govern
ment from its inception. The exception
to the rule Is that one. like myself. born
in Great Britain OF American parents.
may become a subject Of the British
Empire without naturalization upon de-
claring HIS intention upon arriving at
lis majority. This. however. IS purely
a privilege and is not mandatory G.
NEW York, December 6.
The answer referred to stated the
policy OF certain foreign Governments.
NOT that of the United States
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
New York's First Flats.
Claim oi the knickerbocker in Fifth
Avenue to the Distinction.

To TIE New YORK HEnALp: Recently
7 read IN an account Of the sale OF the
Spanish or Navarro apartments AZ the
corner Of Seventh avenue and FIFTY
ninth street that they were the first
housekeeping apartments ever known In
this city.
Now have understood that other
apartment houses existed before that
time and that the FIRST was the original
KnickorboclSer apartment house situated
at the corner OF Fourteenth street and
Fifth avenue--what would have been .
ana 4 West Fourteenth street.
Can any Of your readers give me defi-
rite information as TO the first nat
house built IN New York?
J. X. MARTIN, Jr
New YORK. December 6.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07

How scientific management now en-
ters largely into the human problem in
industry was explained by f. NJ. Herr
president of the Westinghouse Electric
ana Manufacturing Company. at the En-
cheering Societies building last night
Mr.. Herr addressed a joint forum OF
the American Society OF Mechanical
Engineers and the American Economic
Association. one OF the chief events OF
the forty-third annual meeting OF the
engineers.
Mr.. Herr's speech was sent broadcast
from Station WIZ.
A new code of ethics, similar to that
observed by other professions. will be
enforced with the incoming administra-
ton through a committee on professions
al conduct, delegates were told at the
afternoon business meeting. The new
code. together with new constitution
OF the society. We're both adopted in q
referendum by mail, it was announced.
Prof Wesley c. Mitchell of Columbia
University warned that American busi-
ness men must subordinate the making
OF money to the making of goods to es-
cape grave national consequences. Dis
cussion following the addresses in-
cluded comment by Dean Dexter ;. Kim
hall Of Cornell University, president or
the Society; Professor Henry II. SeageI
OF Columbia, president OF the American
Economic Association. and David Fiji
day. president of the Michigan Agricul-
tural College.
a new union of the engineers OF the
two Americas is being worked out,
Calvin w. Rice, secretary of the society.
who has returned from tour of South
America. reported at an afternoon busi-
ness meeting. Morning sessions in
cluded discussion by the fuels division
of the society and presentation OF elabo-
rate rules for coal economy and coal
efficiency during the present shortage.
"'rhe principal new thing about the
human problem In industry" said Mr..
Herr "is that Industry les now conducted
on large scale--larger than ever known
beforehand that the problem has been
intensified not only by factory employ
ment and all that goes with 1t, but by
the greatly Increased size OF manufactur-
ing establishments, by the concentration
OF population in cities having a large
foreign element of often radical ten
dencies and by the insecurity OF employ
ment, in which business cycles play a
large part. Furthermore, q very large
number OF people are now entirely de-
pendent upon industrial operations, as
those employed In manufacturing In
early days were not"
Manufacturing and mechanical indus
tries, including building trades. now out
numbered agriculture. long believed the
back bone of the nation. by fully 20 per
cent. he showed by the census OF 1920.
Present immigration laws should be
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
The Broom.

The south wind is a scented vannp
And woos you with a kiss,
The west wind is a gypsy lad
And roams the world I wis;
'1'he east wind is the yeast wind for
1t raises storms. but 10,
The north wind IS termagant.
A perfect virago.
She bangs the doors and slams the gates
And shrieks. Just look around
And see the trash--the old dead leaves
And twigs that strew the ground
All left by lazy folks for me
To tidy up ween,"
And scclding thus she wields her broom
And sweeps the landscape clean.
MINSA IRVING.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
A Policeman's Clear Thinking.

II the Police Department gave
medals for clear thinking one would
be awarded to Captain MICHAEL
AHEARN. who has solved the problem
not OF squaring the circle, so to speak,
but of circling the square. He has
taken the chaos of West Forty-fifth
street at the hour when the theaters
let out and turned 1t into order.
The situation was as plain as it
was apparently hopeless. Here was Il
street limited in Its capacity for
waiting cars. Here were the cars,
crowded together and waiting for
their passengers. And there were the
theaters, seven Of them, all emitting
their patrons at the same time.
Captain AuEARS could not enlarge
the street or reduce the number OF
motor cars. He could not move the
theaters or rope back their patrons.
There was only one element left TO
play with and that was Time. A word
from him to the seven theater man
ayers and 1t was so arranged that the
seven plays ended not all at IL
o'clock but at intervals beginning at
1890, and so spaced that only one
audience and its cabs. instead OF sew
eral audiences and their cabs. were
struggling at the same time to escape
20 the streets leading northward.
Simple, wasn't It? AS easy as the
egg trick OF COLUMBUS. Perhaps Cap
tain AHEARN can be induced to solve
few more OF New York's traffic
nuzylns
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
Secretary Melons Report.

Secretary MELLoS writes messages
that are as clear AS sunshine and to
the man who thinks straight as
sound as gold. He does not hesitate
TO tell the truth about excessive
taxes that fail to supply needed rev
enue because they kill business and
drive capital into tax exempt securi-
ties. He does not refrain from criti-
cizing frankly any OF the policies OF
practices OF his own party that Go
not meet the test Of good business
and good sense.
The national Government needs
more revenue than it Is taking IN
and Secretary MELLON urges Con-
gress to get it not by piling more and
heavier taxes on the country but by
tightening some OF the tax load that
cripples both the taxpayer and the
Treasury. He would cut the high
income surtaxes in half. This Is the
way he puts it, and ii anybody has
put it any better the fact has escaped
attention.
''The volume OF fully tax exempt
securities is now approaching S11,-
900 100000 and has recently been In
creased at the rate OF about $1,000
o.O0o a year. with these securities
available for investment, fully ex-
enpt as they are from Federal IN
come surtaXes. investors who would
normally put their surplus funds into
productive enterprise are automatic
ally driven under the pressure Of high
surtax rates into investment in tax
exempt securities. with the result
that the Federal Government loses
the revenue, business ard industry
lose the capital and funds badly
needed for productive purposes are
diverted into unproductive and fre-
quently waeteful public expenditure.
This is u situation which cannot
be permitted TO continue without
grave danger to our economic struc-
ture as well as to our system OF
taxation"
Secretary MELLON likewise declares
that the country is suffering from a
shortage OF day labor. which can be
supplied only from abroad. Prices
are going up again because there are
not enough workers here, while there
is too much gold. Agricultural prod,
ucts are too low at the farm and toe
high at the distributing centers. The
railroads are victims OF undermain-
tenance and inadequate equipment
Business cannot make permanent
headway here without the country's
foreign markets, but excessive pro-
duction costs here and weakened
buying power abroad must restric
our export trade.
Secretary MELLON. a great business
man, q great banker and great Sec
retary of the Treasury, has the gift
of putting economic, financial and
political facts so simply but so strik-
ingly that II will not be his fault II
Congress and the public do not sec
the problems. the needs and the op-
portunities OF the country III the
open light his trained and brilliant
brain sees them.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
crowded Chicago. and that is the very

WV oOS0 ShiSQ6Os anu AAtts 10 viz 'SAS
best reason for opening them.
And il in Philadelphia the mail
tubes can save 1,100 truck loads from
the streets In one district there they
can keep many times that number Of
truck loads OF the terrible streets
OF New York. They can do immeas-
urably more for the safety of life and
limb here when they finally are In
full operation.
The Congress commission. the Post
Office Department and all the powers
of Government should give the best
that is in them to installing, operat-
ing and developing mail tube service
in New York. Chicago, Philadelphia
and other cities where. in the con-
gested centers, breathing space Is at
premium and human lives are at
stake.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
D ally Calendar
THE WEATHER.

For Eastern New York--Incrcasinc
cloudiness to-day. followed by snow or
rain, with rising temperature tonight
and Tomorrow. increasing east, shift
ing to south winds.
For New Jersey--Increasing Clouds
ness to-day. followed by rain or snow
and warmer by tonight tomorrow
rain and warmer: increasing east, shift
ing to south, winds.
For Northern New England-Fair to-
day. followed by snow, with rising tenn
perature tonight and tomorrow; dimin-
ishing northwest winds, becoming east
and southeast and increasing by to-mor-
row.
For Southern New England---Fair to-
day. followed by snow or rain. with ris-
ing temperature tonight and to-mor-
row; diminishing northwest winds. be-
coming east and southeast and increas-
ing by tonight.
For Western New York-Snow or rain
to-day and tomorrow, with slowly ris-
ing temperature increasing east, shift
Ing to south. winds.
WARRINGTON, d. c.. Dec. 6.-The dis
turbance that was over the north Pacific
States last night has moved southeast
ward and It's center was over south
eastern Idaho tonight but pressure was
falling rapidly far to the eastward and
precipitation had already set in at 8
Z. NJ. as far east as the Mississippi
river. Another disturbance OF marked
intensity was central south of Newfound-
land and moving northeastward. and IL
was attended by northwest gales along
the North Atlantic coast. Pressure was
aonormally high from Hudson Bay
southward over the Atlantic States.
The Temperature has fallen in the At
iantic States and the northern plateau
region and has risen in the Mississippi
valley and the Southern Plains States.
The weather has remained abnormally
cold throughout the Northwest.
The Western disturbance will move
rapidly eastward during the noxt two
days. attended by general precipitation
east OF the Mississippi river except il
southern Florida However. the weather
Will remain fair in the North Atlantic
States until tomorrow night. The tenn
perature will rise in the Ohio valley
and the lower Lake region tomorrow
and in Atlantic States tomorrow night
and Friday while colder weather will
overspread tho Ohio and lower Missis-
sippi valleys Friday or Friday night. and
the sections farther east about Saturday.
Observations at United States Weather Bus
-eau stations. taken at p. NJ. yesterday,
.F.f. fl.
The New York herald., 1922-12-07
Parking Permits.
Proposed as a Means OF Reducing
the Crush OF Motor Cars.

To TIE New YORK HERALD: "A. W..
Ms" letter in regard to automobile
drivers is @ bit extreme, but 1t says
something that needs to be said.
Certainly thu number Of motor cars
in downtown streets especially ought TO
be greatly reduced. How would 1t do
to prohibit all parking except for cars
showing special permit which should
cost not less than $500 year?
NEW YORK, December 6. Il. NJ. T.