davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Can Static Be Eliminated?

Quoation--Please advise me what method
or devices can use this summer to
loop aerial satisfactorily? ] am about 100
miles from VIZ or, are there any other
practical methods for reducing static?
Answer-A great deal has been writ
ten and said about static and the ter
rble effect it will have on broadcast
entertainment during the coming sum-
mcr Pessimists paint awful pictures
Of the horrible sounds that will
emerge from the loud speakers or the
head telephone sets and drown out
the music that is now entertaining
thousands. l do not believe the con-
dtions will be anywhere near as bad
as they are predicted. They will be
troubles esome--there isn't the slightest
doubt about that! However, do not
believe that they will be so trouble
some as completely to wipe out all
enjoyment being broadcast. There
is absolutely no method of eliminating
static. The invention of the future
will be one which would accomplish
this. 1t will be equal in Importance
with the discovery and development
of the vacuum tube or the regenerative
circuit. In fact, it would be epochal.
AS a matter of fact, however, there
are some practical ways in which the
effects of it can be greatly reduced,
but of course they necessitate quite g
little expenditure and quite a little
space for the erection of the neces-
sary antenna. The best method con-
sists of the employment of the loop
aerial and a highly sensitive receiver.
If you have the facilities and desire
to experiment, you could try out a
loop aerial with two stages of radio
frequency amplifcation in the manner
indicated in the diagram on this page ;
or. you could try a second method
that is, by means of the Beveredge
antenna, which was described in last
Sundays issue of this paper. With
this it will be necessary to have an
aerial equal in length to one complete
wave length of the station you desire
to reproduce. In this case, it is WIZ,
and as WIZ is operating on $50 meters
1t will be necessary for you to have
an aerial 800 meters in length, or an
proxlmately 1900 feet in length. One
end of this wire will have to be
grounded through the -inductive
resistance of value of about 400
ohms. The other end will be grounde d
through the variable inductance and
your apparatus will be inductjvely
coupled to the variable inductance
This type of aerial will drown out all
static except that which, originates
from the same direction as that of the
station sending itself. The same is
true also of the loop aerial, eXcept. Of
course, that the loop aerial does not
PICK up as much energy as an outdoor
antenna.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Radio and Automatic Gun
To Fight Auto Bandits
Inventor of Rapid Fire Gun
States Use With Radio
Ends Randifry

If banditry is to be made so danger
Gus that none but fool would at
tempt it, there are three prime modern
elements that must be applied, Gen
eral John T. Thompson, director of
arsenals for the United States Army
during the war, said in an interview
last week.
The first is mobility as great as
that of the bandit using a high-pow-
cred car; the second is the most dead
ly rapid-fire gun obtainable, and the
third is the broadcasting method of
radio telephony, so that flying squad
rons of motorcycle policemen may be
Informed at once of the route of flee
ing bandits.
General Thompson is the inventor
of over hundred various methods of
firearms and of the new anti-auto-
bandit gun.
"The answer to modern banditky." !"
he said, "is the speed, the portable
rapid-fire gun, and the radiotclephone
For instance: A group of bandits de-
scend on bank, rob it. kill man
or two perhaps, and then leap into
their auto and are gone. Where? No
one knows. Meanwhile a central radio
station broadcasts the news to all the
m motorcycle sqadrons, who, in addition
to the auto-bandit gun, will have a
radio receiving set with them. Every
policeman within hundred miles is
Immediately on the watch for the car,
THE auto. they see, has no inten-
ton OF stopping, and is tearing down
on them at ninety miles IAN hour.
There's the deadly weapon and there's
the use for it. The policeman in the
side car presses the trigger and the
bullets begin to stream into the auto.
The tires are cut to ribbons. the BODY
is knocked into flinders, the tanks are
mere sieves. Either the car blows up
IN the road or it lands against tree
and the bandits are carried off ON
doors. The policeman cleans his guns
and reports back that the bandits have
been stopped. After happening like
that the moral effect on the bandits
is to make them so careful that they
stay indoors.
The rapid-fre gun and the radio
not only make it almost impossible for
criminals to escape, but scare others
so heartily that they'll clear out of a
force" ''
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Conan Doyle Opens New Buffalo
Radiophone With His Lecture
Powerful New Broadcasting Station Has Normal
Daylight Range of 200 Miles and Fills Gap
in Northwestern Section of New York

progressively from the generator to
the vacuum tubes. The generator is
further protected from radio frequency
getting back into the line from the
tubes. by the insertion of high fire.
quency chokes properly placed through
out the line. These chokes have an
inductance of approximately two milli-
henries and properly chosen dis
tributed capacities. Two low power
voice amplifying tubes are interplaced
between the microphones and the
nodulator system, all couplings being
of the resistance type, and provision
tubes on the 2000-volt supply which
operates the power tubes.
Power Lines Light Tube Filaments
Special coupling resistance. units
have been devised to make this pos
sible. The power tube filaments are
operated on sixty cycles alternating
current, provision being made to re-
duce the resultant hum to minimum
and to increase the tube life through
the use of the alternating current
The amplitier flaments, however, are
supplied by means of storage batteries.
"Controls are provided on the set
for change in wave length for the
changes in coupling on the generating
apparatus, for the control of the sup
ply voltage, the filament voltage and
for the instantaneous disconnection of
the entire equipment from the sup
plies through the medium of a quick
throw switch. Plugs and jacks are used
for the voice control circuits. All
parts are completely exposed for ex-
animation and the operating condi-
tions of the set can be noted at a
glance.
Several types of microphones are
used. For ordinary announcements the
common carbon microphone is used,
while for special types of transmits
sion magnetic microphone is used in
connection with considerable addi-
tional voice frequency ampliication.
A small and simple receiving set is
mounted near the transmitter. and the
operator at all times listens to his
own transmission"
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
First Aid for the Radio Fan
Describing the Function of Bypass Condenser;
Two Ways in Which Static Might Be Reduced;
Hearing the ssWired Wireless'' Stations at Work

when the current is placed in the CIR
cult in which there is condenser ths
condenser becomes Immediately charged
ono set Of plates being charged 70
the potential of the same polarity as
the charging source. An opposite charge
is correspondingly produced on the
other plates of the condenser. In the
case of direct current this charge
takes place the moment the circuit IS
closed, and then after the condenser Is
completely charged there is no further
flow of current; consequently the direct
current will not affect the circuit any
further until it is taken off again and
the condenser allowed to discharge. In
the ease Of alternating current, now
ever, a different situation exists. me
moment the current is turned on in the
circuit the condenser is charged, as in
the above case, but the current now be-
ing of an alternating character re-
verses itself rapidly, discharging the
condenser and charging it up again IN
the opposite direction. In other words,
the condenser does not check the now
of alternating current at all, part1cu-
larly current of very high ffequencles,
but it does stop direct current from
flowing through, hence its name-"by,-
pass" condenser. 1t is used to a great
extent across the ''B' batteries in a
plate circuit to eliminate the effect of
the direct current component
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
What an Umbrella Antcnna Is

eatlon-41 / have heard II great dcal
rocentlv bout an ''umbrella' antenna. Can
Won tell mo what 1T is? g WIN it be all
right TO erect an aerial from the house to
the garage and then take the lead-in from
IN. cnd attached to the house, which Is
ifteen feet higher than the end or the
garage ?--B. c. ID.
Answer. An umbrella" antenna
is used mainly for transmitting pur-
noses. MS il gives excellent radiation
in ali directions. 1t is supported by
81 single mast, which is usually con
structed of steel and is *ery tall IN
some cases these masts rise as high
as 500 feet. From the top of the
mast, stretched out equally in all
directions, there are number of
wires insulated from the mast and
stretched out taut in exactly the same
manner as the ribs OF an umbrella
Leads from each of these wires are
then taken in to central point just
outside the station, where they are con-
rected together to form a single wire
lead-in. That, in general way, is the
umbrella type Of aerial. There are, OF
course, several notifications Of it. In
few cases the central mast is placed
on an insulated base and is itself a
part of the antenna. 2. 1t will be
perfectly all right to erect the type
OF aerial that you have described. The
fact that one end is smaller than the
ether will not make the slightest diff
ference. AS matter Of fact, such an
aerial as you describe will be like one
rib of the umbrella antenna, described
above
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21

One of the most powerful radio
opened this evening at Buffalo, when
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle delivers an
address upon spiritualism. The new
station is WGR, and is operated by the
Federal Telegraph and Telephone Com
pany. 1t was designed by L. c. f..
Horle, consulting radio engineer, who
gives the following technical descrip
tion of the station, which has normal
daylight range of 200 miles under aver
age practical conditions:
Tts antenna, consisting of sixwire
cage on three-foot spreaders 120 feet
long, supported between two forty-foot
steel masts on the roof of the factory
The antenna itself is approximately
eighty feet from the ground and is
brought into the building through a
large cage which connects with the
grounding apparatus mounted on a
large bakelite panel in the radio lab
oratory. The ground connection is
made to the water and steam pipe sys-
TEN in the factory in addition to a
direct ground secured to large copper
=
The antenna and ground connections
are carried to the transmitter through
heavy copper tubing, all supports being
Of bakelite, large bakelite panels being
used where the antcnna passes through
the walls of the building. The funda-
mental of the antenna is approximate
1y 305 meters and at $50 meters has q
total resistance of approximately six
and one-half ohms. For operation on
800 meters approximately sixteen mi
crohenries of loading inductance are
required. This inductance is built up
of very heavy solid copper conductor
and is connected directly from the an
tenna and the ground.
No Series Condenser Used
at is TO be noted that no series con-
denser has been used, and because of
this it has been possible to get consid-
erably higher radiation efficiency than
was originally contemplated.
"The transmitter proper has power
capacity Gnput) of about one kilowatt
and is supplied by 1000 volt direct
current generator directly coupled
with single phase twenty-five cycle
induction motor operating on the Buff
falo General Electric Company's line.
The supply lines to the motor and
those between the generator and the
transmltter proper are carefully fused
with high voltage fuses and the gene
rator itself is protected against radio
frequency surges by an electrolvtic
lightning arrestor. The major portion
OF the commutator ripple is eliminated
by the use of high voltage paper con-
densers and iron core induction chokes.
10 reduce it to the proper value. how
ever. it has been necessary to use
about twenty-seven mieyo-farads in
three groups Of 8, one micro-farad con-
denser connected in series parallel so
that the normal Cd, c. voltage of
each unit is never in excess of 700
volts.
About thirty-seve henries of in
ductance are used in this filter svs-
tenn and so distributed that the filter
is alternately inductive OF capacitive
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Using a French Tube

Question: have set in which In
tend to use standard French v@aoumh, @
to Of tell me-: l. what would be the value
of the grid condenser? q or the plate
current? 3. or tho filament current a.
auency amplfication? S. If do will
need. to increase my flament or plate cur
rent2 g. How should ] connect an("A'
battery potentometer 80. {.
Answer-The French detector tube
is exactly the same as the standard
American tube, with the exception
that the plate is cylindrical and lies
in horizontal position in the tube
instead of vertical-the filament also
being in a horizontal position, as is
also the grid. I. The grid condenser
should have capacity of .00025 MID.
There should also be a grid leak Of
approximately / megohm resistance.
2 For the detector alone the plate
current should be 2212 volts, unless
your tube happens to be one of the
very soft French tubes, in which case
you may have to reduce this current
to the neighborhood of 8 volts. 3.
The filament current can be supplied
by a regular 6-volt storage battery.
d. You can add one stage of radio
frequency amplifcation by using the
tuning coil in the aerial. then one
amplifying vacuum tube with rheostat
and socket and one dio-frequency
transformer designed for short-wave
reception. The secondary of this
transformer will be attached to your
detector in the usual manner. 5. You
will not have to increase the filament
current with radio frequency ampli-
fcation, but you will have to increase
the plate current of the amplifying
tube to 80 volts. 6. Place the poten-
tometer across the A battery and
then attach your return circuit from
the radio-frequency transformer and
the tuning coil to the variable connec-
tion on the potentiometer
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
The Bypass" Condenser

ouestion-What is a "by-pass'' con-
denser ?-P. M l..
Answer-A "by-pass' condenser is a
condenser that is placed in the circuit
to permit alternating current to pass
through and prevent the direct current
of the circuit from passing. The best
way to explain this is to point out that
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Corrections for Crystal

Question: have radio receiving set
consisting Of two two slider tuning coil
crystal deteotor. an eeven-p plate variable
condenser and a fixed condenser. Will
you kindly tell mo the best hools-up for
the above nstruments?- r. e.
Answer-Connect your aerial to the
terminal of your tuning coil. then
connect the ground to one Of the
sliders. Now connect one side of your
crystal detector to the same terminal
where your aerial wire is attached.
Connect the other terminal of the de-
tector to one terminal of the fixed con-
denser, and the remaining terminal of
the latter back to the remaining slider
on the tuning coil. Now attach your
II plate condenser to the same ter
minal where the aerial and detector
wires are Joined and the slider that is
attached to the fixed condenser When
you have done this, attach the tele-
phone receivers to the two terminals
of the fixed condenser, and your set
will be ready to operate.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Sweden to Talk Here Direct

An agreement with the Radio Corpor-
alton of America and the Swedish State
Telegraph Board will bring about the
erection of large station in Sweden
with an easy transatlantic range.
Sweden's wireless communications now
are dispatched from the great station
at Stavangjer, Norway. Work on the
new station will be begun at once.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21

The diagram
amphcaion conjunction with
of
results speaker
application
the
The
tuning the
connected radofrequen
psy all Of the received current It then
set
sand @ the the primary placed the
turning y INTO closed oscatng that
thee are TWO poteaiopstefs he battery.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Government Revenue for
Radio MESSAGES Increasea

The revenue derived from private
and commercial radio messages dis
patched from government stations
shows an increase Of 1000 per cent in
iszl over the year 1917 The earnings
OF THESE stations is estimated to be in
excess OF $1,600, 1000 and shows a profit
or more than Is per cent on the GOV
ernment's investment of s25 900 ooo
In 1917, the first year in which com
mercial and private messages were
transmitted by the government. the
amount received from this source was
S32,249.34. In 1918 this revenue was in
creased TO S29l ,sO3.oa; SELL ~ in
1919, s64l,5s4.9o in 1920 and $685.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Erecting Umbrella Aerial

Question: desire to erect an umbrella
antenna on my roof Would this be all
right? Would. No. Il bare wire serve as a
lightning ground if kept we'll away from
the wall? If not. what size must be used?
w. s.
Answer-lt will be perfectly alh right
for you to erect an umbrella antenna
on your roof, provided the physical
conditions will enable you to do so.
See answer to r. c. D. above. No IA
wire will be prefectly all right for
ground connection.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
NAVY Radio Works 5000 Miles

The navy radio from Cavite, Philip
pine Islands, to San Francisco, dis
tance of 5000 miles, is believed to be
the longest in the world Every day
1000 words are dispatched from the
navy super station. Although greater
distances have been spanned under ia
vorable conditions, the navy station has
been operating regularly, without in
terruption, for more than year. The
Cavite aerials are supported by three
800foot towers and the station power
is 800 kilowatts.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
Connecting Various Parts

'&uestlon-hlndly advise me as to
whether can use part II not all of the
f9liowins material to construct an eff
olent receiving set: vario coupler 2
% plate condensers, 1 plate varometer
| should also like to add two stages ~
anlpllncation The above mentioned mate
rial it at hand, but 1t is not essential
mat 1T be used, good results being desired
b. j. H. ' ''
AnsWer---4Ou can make a vcrv good
short-wave regenerative receiver with
the apparatus that you have outlined
above, provided, of course, that you get
the necessary accessories, such as the
vacuum tube, socket and rheostat for
IT, AZ and "B" batteries and tele-
phones. The vario-coupler primary will
be joined to your aerial and ground
with one of the 23-plate condensers in
series with the ground. Place another
2o-plate condenser across the second.
ary of the vario- coupler. Now take
the lead from the last-named con.
denser through the grid condenser to
the grid of the vacuum tube, and from
the other terminal of the secondary
condenser join a wire to the filament
OF your vacuum tube. Place the var-
ometer in the plate circuit and then
put the variometer i'll an inductive re-
latlonship with the vario-coupler. You
will have to determine just exactly
where the variometer should be by
listening in to signals, and as you lis.
ten carefully move the variometer un-
til you get the position in relation to
the vario-coupler that gives the loud
est signals.
New-York tribune., 1922-05-21
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New Britain herald., 1922-10-19
DENIES HE IS DAD
 OF EX.WIFE'S BABY
Prominent St. Louis Clubman Bringe Action Against His Di-
 yOrced Wife.

St. Louis, Oct. 19.-Henry Herman Laumeier, prominent St. Louis club man and realtor, could not be reached today to comment on action of his attorneys who filed a petition asking the circuit court to determine the paternity of a child born to his di- vorced wife, Miss Byrd Shoemaker. He was said to be on a hunting trip along the Missouri river.
 In the petition Mir. Laumeer stated that the child was born 23 months after his separation from his former wife on January 9. 1918. the day fol- lowing their marriage which he said took place while he was intoxicated
 According to the petition the for mer Mrs. Laumeier was granted divorce on charges of desertion on June 10, 1919, and at the trial testi- fled she had not lived with her hus- band after he left her the day fol- lowing their marriage at Salem III. She was granted a settlement of s20,- 900 by a gentemen's agreement, the petition continued and had her maiden name restored The petition asserted that Laumeier was served with a summons last month to appear in the
New Britain herald., 1922-10-19
SENATOR WALSH IN
 ANTI G. o. P. DRIVE
Centers His Attack on Tariff Act oi
 1822-Laughs at Disarma-

Denver, Oct. 19.-Centering his at tack upon the tariff act of 1922, U. $. Senator David l. Walsh of Massa chusetts declared that the old re- publican theory of protection for in fant industries has been discarded" ," in a speech to Colorado democrats here last night
 The increased tax which he de- clared the candy, boot, and shoe and clothing industries will be compelled to pay under the new tariff law was cited by Senator Walsh as an instance of 'the alarming extent to which some of our industries have been penalized."
 He denounced the republican party for its failure to pass the bonus bill, |assailed the seating of Senator New berry of Michigan, and speaking of the aftermath of the war, asserted that "aIl the disarmament conference accomplished was rummage sale '
 The republicans were arraigned by Senator Walsh for forming an old fashioned political and military al liance with three of the largest mili- taristic and imperialistic nations of the world.'
 This same republican party" he added that pretended to denounce the league of nations as unconstitutional and un-American did not hesitate to enter into one of those old world al dances which have been the breeders of trouble since early recorded his tory"
New Britain herald., 1922-10-19

has been created since the revolution and has not yet been heard out of Russia. Chaliapin formerly sang with |the kapella as a soloist
 Hebrew Plays Here
 The "Gabima," the old Jewish theater company composed of sixty memb bers. including its own orchestra is booked to arrive in New York in the spring. These plays are all given in ancient Hebrew.
 The Russian Red Cross is arranging also to bring Phili Andreyitch Mall yavin to the United States with twenty of his convasses and several hundred of his smaller sketches. He will have exhibits in various cities. Malyavin called by his admirers the greatest of Russia's living painters, is now en- gagged upon a large canvas of a typi- cal Russian peasant, to be presented to the United States congress in rec ognition of gratitude for American re- lief.