davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The American Jewish world., 1922-12-29

The tremendous achievements OF
Albert Abraham Nicholson can never
be appreciated by one not familiar
with certain phases of American SCI
ence.
America is not land conducive to
scientific research other than of
military or commercial nature. The
men on whose patient and financially
unrequited tolls, the Edisons, the Mar
conis, and the thousands of lesser
men grow wealthy and renowned, are
not to be met with here. Here work
is synonymous with business.
The scientific research not immed-
lately associated with dollars and
cents is therefore extremely limited
I'M such an atmosphere. And the
vast majority of Michelson's re-
searches are the last on earth to fetch
dollars and cents. Yet must the un-
initiated not jump to the conclusion
that his work is useless. He must
remember that ''before Einstein was
Nicholson" Were it not for the ex-
periments Of Nicholson the world
would very likely never have heard of
that most stupendous idea of our day,
the Theory of Relatively.
Relation Between Einstein and
Nicholson
Nicholson was young man out
of college when he conceived the dar-
ing idea of discovering the relation
between our earth and the hypothe-
.tical ether which is supposed to pene-
trate the whole universe. The theory
propounded was that if such an ether
existed the earth must either carry
it along as it speeds through space
or it must be affected by the earth as
a ship affects water through which
it passes. 1t must create suction. '~
The need to discover the relation
was of paramount Importance to sci
ence, especially physical science. For
this ether was supposed to contain
the Absolute Point of Reference to
which all motion, from the crawling
of the worm to the swirling of
comet, was referred. 1t was as it
were the Rome to which and from
which all scientific roads led. It was
therefore extremely important to dis
cover what sort of thing this Rome
was.
Some very interesting experiments
had been performed along this line
before Nicholson, but with little sue
cess, except in the case of Sir Oliver
Lodge, who had proved conclusively
that the earth did not carry any ether
with it. The problem for Nicholson
then was to discover the suction of
the ether on the earth. He accord
ingIy went to Berlin and perfected
an ingenious arrangement of mirrors
and light rays with which to discover
that suction. The result was mega
tive. He could find no traces of ether.
This raised storm in the scienti-
fic world. Ether! What was the
world to do without ether. The great
est scientists came forward with var
ious theories, but none fitted. At last
Einstein appeared on the scene and
showed that the world could get along
nicely without ether. That if there
existed such a thing, it was OF no
use, anyway. Since all motion was
reIative, the reference point in the
ether being of no greater consequence
The American Jewish world., 1922-12-29

Lnan any OCner pOlnC-IO more iii
portant than the doorstep of your
house. Then the scientific world woke
up to what it had known right along
that motion was relative. The reader
who has perused these articles from
the beginning will recall that Einstein
drove his reasoning to it's logical con-
clusion and derived from the relativi-
ty of motion the relativity of space,
the relativity of matter, and the rela-
tivity of time.
Thus without Michelson's expert
ment the Theory of Relatively would
have had to wait long time. Would
perhaps never have been conceived.
No wonder one of the anti-Semitic
characters in a novel by Schnitizler
(Der Veg ms Freie), defines science
as the things one Jew says about
another Jew.
Greatest Authority on Light.
When still at college, Nicholson be-
came interested in the subject of
light. Light had been puzzling the
world for centuries. What was it's
nature? What sort of legs, as it
were, did it use in going from point
to point? Was it something tangible
or something ethereal? How fast did
it travel? These and many other
problems kept the greatest minds of
the race under a spell. The middle of
last century found the profoundest
scientists, such as Fizeau, Foucault,
and others trying to determine how
fast light travelled. They came near
the truth but it was left for Michel
son to determine the absolute truth.
Right after he left college and
found himself in possession of ten
dollars he invested it in revolving
mirror and, with the apparatus of
the Naval Academy, where he was
teaching at the time, he experimental
till the thing yielded up it's secret.
He found it to travel at the rate of
186,500 miles second. And this has
been the number used by scientists
ever since.
Further Experimentation
The care and accuracy of the young
instructor attracted wide attention
among men of science. A fund of
two thousand dollars was accordingly
placed at his disposal with which to
carry on further experimentation.
His researches were recognized as
unprecedented on American soil, and
he found himself the recipient of
titles and prizes from the foremost
learned bodies of the country. But
success did not turn his head. He
remained rather humble and went to
Europe to continue his studies, TAX
ing special work at the University of
Berlin, Heidelberg, College de France,
Eco1e Pn1vtechninue etc 1900
Honors and Prizes,
When he returned he continued his
researches with astonishing results.
He soon became the leading author
ity on light not alone in America but
in the whole civilized world. Every
scientific society. every large univer-
sity in England, Germany, France,
Italy, South America that had any
medals, honors, cash prizes to be-
stow made Nicholson the recipient of
them. In fact, he has even been
The American Jewish world., 1922-12-29

awarded statue, one Of two or three
in the United States, among a null
titude of bronze admirals and gen.
erals.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-10-20
! ] ] !
ll)CkS,S'||T' ARTS
NEST END PLAN


susroyement Of streets west Of
.,.sh street and avenue north Of
= ss6enth avenue is included in
- srlensiye paving program adopt
- The board Of local improve
~ this morning. The ordi-
.sei which will be offered to the
ssG1. will include IL blocks Of
s11ent, the estimated cost Of
ssl is approximately $4,000.
INC concrete Ii specified for
sH ple project.
paving discussed this morn
- \ on Eighteenth avenue from
~ street west to Fifth, with
- extending north to Sixteenth
49, on Fifth, Sixth. Seventh and
1shfA streets. The avenue Is to
= p6yed 30 feet wide and the
s,asts will be "a feet wide.
TIfty property owners appeared
4 ~ hearing, but the proposition
- cpntested BY only a very few.
ID ths main the sentiment was one
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-10-20
COP IS
] GUNMEN TARGET
Capt. Collins Wounds. One Of Two
Assailant IN Pistol Fight; Po-
lice Seek Both.

Chicago, Oct. 20. - Police today
were searching for wounded gum
man and his three companions
whose attack on Captain Morgan
A. Collins last night was the Sec
ond attempt within three weeks to
kill police official.
Captain Collins dropped one Of
the men with a bullet in a pistol
fight near an alley entrance. On
Oct. S, Captain John Naughton was
fired on near his home. Both cap
tains had been especially active
against criminals in their districts.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-10-20
nARRoy ON VISIT.

]. T. Marion, for many years
with thu Electrical Construction
and Machine company, Rock Is
land. but now the president Of the
Rural Power company of Iowa.
whose headquarters are in Daven-
port, is stopping temporarily in
Rock Island. He says his company
is now furnishing power and light
to Is towns and villages in Iowa.
and serving hundreds OF farmers.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-10-20
BOWLING UNIT MEETS.

Miss Lucille Allen, home advisor,
attended meeting Of the Bowling
unit Of the bureau organization
held in the residence of Mrs. Har-
ris Titterington this afternoon.
The hostess gave a demonstration
of sewing machine work.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-10-20
FORMER HEADS or
STAR ARE GUESTS

Past matrons and patrons Of
Eastern Star chapters Of the tri-
cities will be entertained at the
Girls Federation hall. Moline, to-
night by the past matrons and pa
irons club.
Those who have filled these
chairs in either capacity will make
up large gathering for which a
special program has been ar
ranged.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-10-20

To-day the classified id columns form
complete. carefully indexed cataiog Of
today's wants and ofeFs.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-10-20

Al the news all the time-The
Argus
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16

help owners recover cars which
have been stolen
The plan used by Dodge Brothers.
Detroit. is indorsed by New York
and Detroit officials. Judge Fish. of
the Brooklyn traffic court, describes
IL as an. excellent plan and one
which should increase the number
Of convictions for motor car thefts.
Dodge Brothers maintain a depart
ment TO deal with motor car thefts
reported by owners and insurance
companies. Every two weeks the
complete list reported is sent 20
Dodge Brothers dealers and service
stations in all parts Of the country.
Copies of the bulletin are also mall
ed to national list Of police pu-
reaus.
Appointment police ofhcial states
that the cars which are stolen IN
Detroit each year 60 not only TO
neighboring, cities and farm conn
munities, but TO points far removed.
sometimes have been brought there
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16

the dawn Of the twentieth century.
The trucks of yesterday!
And now great vehicles, potent
engines of power, motor-driven. Ca
pable of enormous burdens, make
an hours work of what would have
taken the ancients months, the
Egyptians weeks, the later nations
days. The trucks of todayi
Speed-Only brief comparisons
are needed to indicate the ancestry
of the racing automobile. Visual
ize the chariot races in Ben Hur,
then the King of Sports" at Sar-
atoga. next the eight-day bicycle
race in Madison Square Garden, ano
finally the demons of the motor
speedway at Indianapolis. There
you have II.
Destruction-Back again to an
cient days, not quite the prehistoric
times, but back at least to the
epoch of Alexander and Caesar.
There they go. in a magnificent
charge, wheels cutting scythe-like
among the footmen Of Darius, or
the spearman of. Carthage, great
war chariots, the last word in de-
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16
NOTED RACING ACE
SLATED FOR ENTRY
Tommy Milton to Enter Big
Indianapolis Event on
May 80.

INDIANAPOLIS. Ind. April IS
Tommy Milton. the 1921 American
Automobile Association champion
driver. the worlds speed king, and
winner OF the last Indianapolis 500
mile race. has filed his entry for
the 1922 flve century at indianapolis
on May 80. The much titled driver
has nominated the eighth car for
the race and will carry No. s, the
number which gave Doc Dawson
and the National a victory in 1912
In making his entry Milton has
not disclosed the make Of car he
will drive in the coming race. After
he won the last 500-mile with Louis
Chevrolet's eight-cylindered From
tenac, he turned his attention to the
Durant Special, which was not COM
pleted in time for the Hoosier
classic. and. finishing out the sea-
son with this car, won the cham
pionship. The car was constructed
by Harry Miller, the Los Angeles
engineer. and is a very fast car.
1t is possible that Tommy may
drive this car in the 500-mile. but
>
and probably the wealthy st. Paul
dairyman is going to havea new
mount for 1922.
Milton has come to the front in
the last few years and in 1920 he
drove the 16-cylinder creation of
Fred Duesenberg faster than any
automobile has ever Travelled, aver
aging 1916 miles an hour over the
sands at Daytona, Fla, and smash
ing the marks of Ralph De Palma.
who has held the speed king crown
with 1887 on the same course.
Tommy got his start toward the
1921 championship when he won
1000 points by taking first place in
the indianapolis 500-mile and
gained a total of 2230 for the sea-
son. The champion started the
1921 season with a second at Los
Angeles, then a sixth at Fresno,
next his indianapolis win, followed
by first in the Tacoma 250-mile,
third at Santa Rosa. second at Los
Angeles and second at San Fran
cisco.
Unlike the majority of the pres
ent-day stars of the speedway. Mil
ton got his first racing experience
on the dirt tracks, starting in races
on the Hamline track near st. Paul
and for several seasons Milton was
leading pilot on the dirt track cir
cult.
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16

structive power-the tanks OF q
bygone age.
Comfort-Here lies . pretty Sc.
quence, wherein man has striven for
luxury in travel. Greece, Egypt,
Palestine, and kindred nations
along the east coast of the Medi-
terranean, rode in rude palanquins,
borne by slaves. The limousine of
the time We call B. C.
The wheels of time and progress
moved and the stately chariots, dec
GRATED, artistic, carried the states
men, the tribune, the emperor in
procession along the Appian Way.
The limousine of the Romans!
Another circle of the centuries
and behold the elaborate state
coach of the kings of Europe, great
numbering vehicles wherein prog
ress was slow but the impression
upon the peasants great. The lin
CUISINE of divine right and nobility.
Into the Orient, a hundred or
more years later, an American mis-
sionary introduced the 'rickshaw,
that two-wheeled vehicle whose mo-
tive power was the barefooted
coolie. His impromptu invention
struck the Eastern fancy, and to-
day in China, India or Japan will be
found the same human propelled
carts of light bamboo. The white
mans progress has passed them by.
but the Oriental still finds them
satisfactory. The Limousine Of
Eastern Asia.
Then came the steam drawn
horseless carriage, antedating the
locomotive, a monster which was
legislated out Of existence before 1t
was more than a score of years
old. The veloclpede and early BIZ
cycle shortly Afterwards took its
place. Limousines, these of the
nineteenth century.
Finally We reach the present, and
Home James" sends our uphol-
stored, comfortable vehicle gliding
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16

smoothly along paved streets. The
Limousine par excellence.
A series of analogies and con-
trasts and comparisons. but all
tending toward an ultimate goal,
and, fortunately for us. reaching
that goal at a time when we may
enjoy the fruits of well nigh 1000
years of development.
The sledge, the first means of
human transportation and one that
is still used in many civilized
countries was developed In prehis-
toric days. And from that time on.
all things were dragged on sledges
until another prehistoric invention.
many years later evolved the wheel.
The latter idea was much more
sensational than the former. The
dragging of such a thing as float
over the ground from place to place
is In accordance with principles
which Nature herself has adopted
in many ways ever since man first
inhabited the earth. There was
nothing fundamentally new about
1t. But Nature never made a wheel.
She has, OF course, made disc-like
any cylindrical objects which she
has employed in varying ways. but
the principle of using them as
rollers for the transportation Of
heavier objects was entirely orig
inal.
But for the wheel we might still
be carrying our burdens piece by
piece, Walking miles in our labors
and making an awful fuss about
the whole business.
. Some time afterward Il was
found that the rolling sledges
would work much better IL poles
were inserted through the logs so
that the whole OUTFIT might be
pulled. And then, not content with
such rapid strides, the prehistoric
inventors soon saw that only the
outer ends of the logs were doing
any work; that the middle section
was being simply rolled along as a
dead weight to add to the already
sufficient burden. So the logs were
cut and only the ends used. That
was the beginning of the modern
wheel axle. From the experience
gained by its daily use 1t was
comparatively simple to continue
the evolution and hollow out the
end sections of the logs to Tighten
He flushed quickly. Jane change
left to hold the outer circumfer-
ence to the middle portion. Thus
spokes were evolved and finally
from that start came the first real
wagon-the chariot. ...
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16
THE. AUTOMOBILE is TRACED BACK TO PREHISTORIC MAN

cars which srs rsssvsssl - Dstrs1
from the Pacinc coast ~ w<fI -
from tar distant Bastsrs - eeuth<
ern cities-
A favorits scheme ef ths shrewf
stolen car merchant ~ TO pass hius<
self OF az the representative Of al
insurance company. IN this way ae-
counting plsusibiy for the low pries
he IL asking for the cara Ths
farmer is considered . good stoisn-
car prospect, and II the stslsn-eay
broker nnds fertile neld for his
wares IN one fxrm community. he
may 20 back again. disposing Of his
cars in that vicinity. This 10 why
whole fleets OF stolen cars are some
times driven back 70 the cities By
detectives.
Dodge Brothers stolen car servie<
10 commended by InEpectors Jack
son and Parker. prominent Detroit
police ofhcials. as "a splendid serv-
ice" and "a great help 70 us and 20
other police departments" ss
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16
Lost Grease Cups.

It Is remarkable what vibration
will do in the way of loosening
grease cups that have gone in
stiffly and apparently been abso-
lutely secure. Every lost grease
cup means that some part of the
mechanism is in danger. The safest
remedy for this trouble is to en-
ploy a set of cups with locked
caps.
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16
CAVE man FEEBLY
GRAPPLES INITIAL
LOCOMOTIVE Law
He Struggles to Move
Objects Beyond His
Hairy Strength.
PROGRESS is SLOW
Economy, Speed, Destruction
And Comfort Dates Back
y To Ancients.
PROGRESS is SLOW
By w. c. DURANT.

whence came the automobile?
Sarch the encyclopedias and the
anser is a date and a dissertation
on self-propeIIed vehicles. Search
the.text books and find only an am
plidcation of the same idea.
Aither go to the source. Nor Is
il & matter for wonderment, for the
soufce lies back, ages back, beyond
thu sdawn Of civilization. In myth
olo4y, in legend or in the disclos-
urss Of the archeologist can 1t be
fouhd.
II begins with prehistoric man,
thar remote and little known indi-
vidfal. who, struggling to move OBJ
jecss far beyond his strength, Crap
plea feebly for the first laws Of To-
cor rfption.
Down the centuries the laws have
been determined slowly. surely, ir-
reEntably. Instance after instance
stands out along the way marking
theemilestones of progress with the
caufion Invention" And each
these inventions means merely an
otsAr law conquered by brains
wffese evolution were begun in the
AMBIENT days when man fought for
suEflNal IN WOrlu PoP"i"u "'
mohsters-
aways the objects have been t.
sarne-economy, speed, destruction
ana comfort. A strange company
but none the less true.
Rconomy-The gibbering proto'
tyRes of mankind pushed and pulled
the great rocks before their cavern
doors barricading themselves against
r-raat animals that hunted men fol
food. The trucks OF the ancients
ne slaves of the Pharoahs, strair
ing beneath the lash of their mas.
ters. tugged great stone-bearine
sledges to the building of the pyra'
mids The trucks of the Egyptiar
Wheeled carts, oxen or horse pro
pened. hauled the material for con
strdction from the Middle Ages T.
The Washington herald., 1922-04-16
POLICE and AUTO
MAKER. COMBINE
AGAINST THIEVES
Stolen Car Brokers Find
Farmer Excellent Auto
Prospect.

Stolen car bulletins issued regu-
larry with car number, motor num-
Der and owners names. is one of
the means the manufacturer is TAX
Ing to cooperate with police bu-
reaus throughout the country and
The Birmingham age-herald., 1922-08-06
Society in Washington

travelling on the continent and in England, and stopped here on their way home. They were entertained every single minute and did a little quiet entertaining themselves. Mrs. Marshall and her former chun, Mrs. Thomas F. Walsh, did much shop ping and calling together. Mrs. Mar shall shopped one day in a gown of soft black satin made on simple lines. The skirt was gathered a wee bit about the waist and hung rather straight and reached to the ankles. The waist was surplice effect with out vest. the neck finished with shawl collar of sapphire blue moire silk. The bodice came down over the skirt and extended into sash ends, which tied loosely over one lip.
 President and Mrs. Harding had the Marshalls for luncheon Wednesday,. One of the first things the Marshalls did was to call at the whote House. You see those four are old friends as MT. Harding was in the Senate when Mir. Marshall presided over that body and Mrs Harding was a member of the ladies of the Senate organiza- ton when Mrs. Marshall was at its head. Senator and Mrs. Spencer of Missouri gave a luncheon last Sunday for Mir and Mrs. Marshall. Mrs. Walsh had a dinner in their honor last Tuesday night and asked addi- tionaI guests in for dancing later in the evening, the dancing taking place on the roof of the Walsh mansion in Massachusetts avenue. Justice James c, McReynolds entertained them also giving a dinner Monday evening. MT. and Mrs. ". H. Barse had a lunch for them, too, as did Capt. John H. Cowles.
 But perhaps the incest tribute paid to Mrs. Marshall was the lunch given just for her by the ladies of the Sen ate, who had adjourned for the sum mer. They got together to see her and enjoyed picnic lunch up at the Senate office building. just as they usually do. That group of women were closely associated with Mrs. Marshall during the years that MT. Marshall was Vice President. It was under Mrs Marshalls direction, in fact, that the women of the Senate circle organized for war work while the conflict was on, the weekly gath erings and lunches proving so enjoy able and so successful that the or ganization. with Mrs. Coolidge at It's head, has carried on just for the fun
The Birmingham age-herald., 1922-08-06

sew for the hospitals.
 Mrs. Marshall was very simply gowned at the lunch Tuesday. She wore a soft white silk sports skirt, long and straight, with a few gath CTS around the waist and finished with wide belt of the material Her waist was white georgette model. with three-Quarter length sleeves. Her hat was large and round, with the brim scooped down; slig ghtly mushroom style. It was Black straw on top. faced with white georgette and trimmed with a wide band of black, stiff, fine feathers of some sort entirely encircling the crown. In the absence of Mrs. Col idEe, Mrs. Henry F. Ashurst was master of ceremonies and she looked
The Birmingham age-herald., 1922-08-06
Women s and Misses Wool Sweaters, $1.95

Just received, job lot spover sweaters, in Iceland wool in all the popular light shades. The colors are: Jade, tomato, canary, pink, gray, tan and blue. Never before have we had such selection of slipovers. Values up to S5.95. On special sale tomorrow at $1.95.
 Burgers sweaters-sesond Floor
The Birmingham age-herald., 1922-08-06

Either pink or white, in this pretty silk and cotton underwear This ma terial is so much in demand at this time for ladies' and children's gar ments This is very special price for this excellent material. Buy it Monday for 5sc yard.
 Burger's-First Floor
The Birmingham age-herald., 1922-08-06
FRECKLES
Now Is the Time to Get Rid of
 These Ugly Spots

There's no longer the slightest need of feeling ashamed of your freckles. as to remove these homely spots.
 Simply get an ounce of othine-double srrength--from any druggist and apply a little of 1t at night and morning and you should soon see that even the worst frecklss have begun to disappear, while the lighter ones have vanished entirely. It is seldom that more than an ounce is need ed to completely clear the skin and gain a beautiful clear complexion.
 Be sure to ask for the double strength othine as this is sold under guarantee of money back if it fails to remove freckles. .--Adv