The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1922-01-27
Some Aspects of the
Farmers Problems
By BERNARD M. BARUCH
(Reprinted from Atlantic Monthly
(Reprinted from Atlantic Monthly
By BERNARD M. BARUCH

farmers thoroughly understand this,
and they are intelligently striving TO
integrate their industry so that 1t VIII
he on an equal footing with other busi-
nesses.
AS an example Of indignation, take
the steel industry, In which the model
is the United States Steel Corporation,
with its iron mines, its coal mines, ITS
lake and rail transportation, Its ocean
vessels, its by-product coke ovens, its
blast furnaces, its open hearth and
Bessemer furnaces, Its rolling mills, Its
tube mills and other manufacturing
processes that are carried to the high
est degree of finished production com
patible with the large trade 1t has
built up. All this is generally conced-
ed to be to the advantage of the 5con-
sumner. Nor does the steel corporation
inconsiderately dump Its products on
the market. On the contrary, 1t so
acts that it is frequently a. stabilizing
influence, as Is often the case with oth-
err large organizations. 1t Is master or
its distribution as well as of Its pro-
duction. If prices are not satisfactory
the products are held back or produc-
ton Is reduced or suspended. 1t Is not
compelled to send years work to the
market at one time and take whatever
| it can get under such circumstances.
It has one selling policy and its own
export department Neither are the
grades and qualities Of steel determin-
| ed at the caprice Of the buyer, nor does
! the latter hold the scales. In this sim
gle indignation of the steel corporation
is represented about 40 per cent of the
steel production of America. The rest
| is mostly In the hands of few large
| companies. In ordinary times the
steel corporation, by example, stabiliZes
all steel prices. If this Is permissible
ut is even desirable, because stable
and fair prices are essential to solid
and continued prosperity why would
1t be wrong for the farmers to utilize
central agencies that would have SINH
lar effects on agricultural products?
Something like that Is what they are
aiming at
Some farmers favored by regional
compactness and eontiguity, such as the
citrus-fr uit-raisers of California, al
ready have found a way legally to
merge and sell their products inte-
orally and in accordance with seasonal
and local demand, thus improving
their position and rendering the con-
sumner a reliable service of ensured
;fr In, a
and relatively steady prices. They
have not found it necessary to resort
to any special privilege, or to claim
any exemption under the antitrust
legislation of the state or nation. With
out removing local control, they have
built up a very efficient marketing
agency. The grain, cotton, and to-
bacco farmers, and the producers of
hides and. wool, because Of their num-
bers and. the vastness of their regions,
and for other reasons, have found
indignation more difficult task |;
though there are now some thousands
Of farmers cooperative elevators
warehouses, creameries, and other en-
terprises of one sort and another, with
a turnover Of a billion dollers year.
They are giving the farmers business
experience and training, and, so far
as they go, they meet the need Of
honest weighing and fair grading; but
they do not meet the requirements Of
nationally adjusted marketing in any
large and fundamental way.
The next step, which will be pat
tern for other groups, is now being
prepared by the grain-raisers through
the establishment of sales media which
shall handle grain separately or col
lectively, as the individual farmer may
elect. 1t is this step-the plan of the
Committee Of which has
thought by some to be in conflict with
the antitrust laws. Though there Is
now before congress a measure de-
signed to clear up doubt on this point,
the grain-producers are not relying on
any immunity from antitrust legisla-
ton. They desire, and they are en-
titled, to coordinate their efforts just
as effectively as the large business in
terests Of the country have done In
connection with the selling organiza-
tons the United States Grain Growers
Incorporated is drafting a scheme of
financing instrumentalities and auxili-
airy agencies which are Indispensable
to the successful utilization Of modern
business methods
1t Is essential that the farmers
should proceed gradually with these
plans, and aim to avoid the error Of
scrapping the existing marketing ma
chinery, which has been so laboriously
built up BY long experience, before
they have a tried and proved substi-
tute or supplementary mechanism.
They must be careful not to become
enmeshed In their own reforms and
lose the perspective of their place in
the national system. They must guard
against fanatical devotion to new doc
trines, and should seek articulation
with the general economic system
rather than its reckless destruction as
1t relates to them.
To take tolerant and sympathetic
view of the farmers strivings for bet
ter things Is not to give blanket