davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
PRELIM BOUTS
FOR MAY SHOW
ANNOUNCED
Davenport Legion Arranges TO Pre-.
sent New Boys on Coming
Program.

Young Sowash. sonny" Lloyd
and Dick Kellar will be seen in
the preliminary bouts of the Dav-
export legion's all-star card featur-
ing Morrie Schlaifer, Omaha. and
Cowboy Padgett," Denver, at the
Coliseum on the night of May II,
it was announced today.
Kellar and Lloyd, both Davenport
boys, will clash in the four-round
opener and Sowash will be pitted
against a good 124-pounder in the
second prelim which will go six
rounds or less. Sowash, whose
home is in Moline, recently return
ed from the south, where he won
II straight bouts without a defeat.
He is, one of the most likely look
ing products turned out around
these parts in recent years.
Legion officials are attempting TO
sign Kid La Grange of Des Moines
for the Moline warrior.
Lloyd CLASSY Boy.
In Lloyd legion officials have Sc
cured fast, shifty boxer, who has
an exceptionally good record.
Lloyd first began boxing when he
was serving in Uncle Sans navy.
He is bantamweight. Kellar is
tough, rugged, hard hitting fellow
and fayorite with local fans.
MOrrie Hard at Work.
Johnny Greeley, Schlaifer's man
ager, writes that Morrie is in ex-
cellent condition for his approach
Ing encounter with Padgett. Nor
RE, after rest of more than two
weeks. began training for the Dav-
EXPORT engagement several DAYS
ago and is already in fine shape.
according to Greeley.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
ANSONS BATTER
OTTUMWA, 24-8
Especial to The ArgusA

Ottumwa, Iowa. May 3.-Stasing
heavy batting in early innings. Mar
shalitown trounced Ottumwa, "a TO
., IN a listless game here yester-
day afternoon. Home runs by Len
ahan Of Marshalltown, who also Sc
cured three-bagger, double and
single, and Corcoran, local short
stop, marked the hitting. Two To-
cal pitchers were forced from
mound before the end of the sec
oIid iuninS- Score: r. H. E
M'rsh'llt'wn CLIO 203 002-24 81 /
Ottumwa 20 03 010 031-S 4
Field and Sullivan: Warwick.
Breen, Gregory and Schuster.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
NAVY MAY PLAY
IN WASHINGTON
NEXT GRID TIME
Penn May Be Oppon-
emf at Nations
Capital.
BIZ WALTER CAMP,

Copyright, 1922, by The Argus
Plans now in process looking to-
ward the staging of the Navy-Penn-
sylvania state game in Washington
next fall may be heartily com
mended. Such contest in such a
center would have the character of
a navy fete-day and would enable
thousands to witness a test between
two great elevens, coached by two
masters in the art of football, Bob
FolWell and Hugo Bezedek.
And now they are to play basket
ball without officials, the spectators
to have whistles and call fouIs
I'hls Is based upon the theory that
teams under such general super-
vision would not infringe upon the
rules. AS Mrs. Asquith says, II
wonder"
why not try this out in baseball.
with spectators in the middle of the
stands having authority to call
strlkes and balls? Can you imagine
the bedlam that would arise9 The
RIOT, bloodshed and sudden death >
The fine craftsmanship of Larry
Shields in pulling up in the Penn
relays after sending Connolly to the
ground as result of a collision
should not cover the fact that
clearer explanation is needed re-
garoing a runner in the lead
s"erVlng all over the track. Con-
nelly, in the lead, swerved in rs
darted forward in an in /
side cut and the collision resuItad !
Inc writer, serving as referee at |
tne b. A. A. games last winter
called a foul in a similar incident
Inc Carpenter-HalsweIl case of !
similar nature nearly brought about
IN international quarrel. 1t wou1d
pc well to thresh out this whole
question and have it clearly stated
%nat runners may and may not do !.
II the course of a race. CertainIv
In cratic course by a leader is
laple to work all sorts of harm
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
STERLING GUN
CLUB IN SHOOT

NSpeCIdI CORRESPONDENCE
sterling, Ill, May 3.-Some good
marks were recorded at the shoot
held by the Sterling Rod, Reel and
Gun club this week. Out of 700 birds
461 were broken. Cohenour shot 10
out of 20; Middleton So out of so:
Schryver AZ out of so; Geise "a out
OF 40; Strong 80 out of so; Angeles
~ out of so; Martin "a out of 80:
D1ngler 80 out of so; McCune Is
out OF 30 and Green 10 out of 20,
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
AMERICAN LEAGUE,
YESTERDAYS RESULTS.
MiSCiSSinni Valley

YESTERDAYS RESULTS.
Mississippi Valley.
Rock Island, 8; Dubuque, 6.
Marshalltown, "a; Ottumwa, 8.
Waterloo, 10; Cedar Rapids, z.
Three-Eye.
Decatur. 10; Bloomington, 6.
Terre Haute. 8; Moline, 3.
Peoria, IL; Danville, l.
American League.
Philadelphia. IL; Washington, 3.
New York, II; Boston, 6.
Detroit, 3: St. Louis, 1.
Cleveland. 10; Chicago, S.
National League.
New York, 6; Boston, g.
Cincinnati, 8; Pittsburgh, 2.
Others not scheduled
American Association.
No games played.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
DUMMIES AGAIN
BOW TO HAWKS;
LOSE, 10 TO 7
Pat Ragan's Crew Bunches 10 of II
Hits in Three, Big innings
Yesterday.
Especial to The Argus. }

Cedar Rapids, Iowa May g.
punching 10 of its IL hits in three
innings. Waterloo again defeated
the Bunnies yesterday, 10 to z.
McCracken failed to puzzle the
Hawkeyes and was removed in IA
vor OF Sitter, who held the visitors
hitless in the last three innings.
The locals found Skupa for 15 hits
while he was striking out an even
dozen. Mcdowell got his second
home run, a terrific shot over the
rightfield wall, the first time a bali
has been driven over that fence in
several years. Score:
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
g
\ FOR THE
|GAMESSAKE
TBY LAWRENCE PERRY

The decision OF the United States
Lawn Tennis association not to
send William Tilden and other
/ American tennis s,ars to Wimble-
don this year is taken in bad part
by the English tennis authorities.
There is even talk of a split be-
tween England and the United
StateS-in tennis, not diplomatic
ally-as a result of the attitude of
the American body In England
they ignore the reasons submitted
by the U. S. l.. T A, namely: eff
fects of European play upon our
tennis stars, and regard the point
at issue as involving the right of
Great Britain, the home of lawn
tennis" to be the meeting place of
the worlds championships.
For all l know, this may indeed
be the underlying reason for the
failure of the American tennis or
ganlzatIon TO send the worlds
champion abroad this year. There
are reasons that would incline one
10 this conclusion. For undoubted
ly the U. S. l.. T. A officials feel
that worlds championships should
take place at the home of the win
ner, or at least in rotation among
the tennis playing countries.
1t is probable, however. that the
British Lawn Tennis association
could not agree to this even were
it so minded. This because a pros |
pectus issued on money for deben-
ture for the building Of the great |
wimbledon stadium promises that |
WORLDS championships" shall be
played therein for 81 years.
Truly sad it is that such an i'm
passe has occurred. 1t NAV even
truly affect the Davis cup system.
In any event, friction is bound to
arise unless some method of set
Ting the difficulty is found.
That Argentine polo team which
IS now in England practicine for
spring play is not composed of ma
i've South Americans, as might he
supposed All the % young men of
he squad are sons OF British SET Il
lers in the Argentine. Every one I!
Of the 25 is bachelor and wealthy. Il
Vow, maids of Albion, here is yonr II
nance. /;
|.
The 1922 national horseshoe
pitching contest will be decided /,
Aug. rs at the Iowa State fair. Des ]
doines. Baseball huriers are not I
ligible but following the trend of /
he big league thus far we could {
lame some hurlers who would s
hine in this tourney.
Old John Foster says that base
all players who go in for golf had
etter begin TO crab the game, in
smuch as the growth of the AMI
lent and honorable sport in the
forecasts the day when
ne sport will rival baseball. Nav
e so. Joe Kelly, the former Balti-
lore Oriole star and now scout a
'r the Yankees, says the game is F
ood for no ball player. He thinks l.
breeds highbrows and is weak C
ming TO the morale of big leaguers. C
The other day watching Mays. C
nth, Shawkey. Bush, Hoyt and the o
ST sallying forth in golf toys, he b
Ipressed the conviction that in the il
d days ball players would have e.
zen mobbed had they appeared
Jus dressed. He wondered. too.
Nv the golfing ball tossers would
ave stood the strain OF fighting v
leir way in and out OF the bali "
lAs as In the good old days. LEI
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
GOLF EPIDEMIC
SWEEPS CAMPUS
OF NOTRE DAME

Notre Dame. Ind, May 3.-Golf
FEVER is epidemic at the Univer-
slty of Notre Dame and a special
meeting has been called to plan the
building of links on the campus
and to organize a. school team TO
meet other universities. Nearly
hundred converts to the Scotch
game have been made among fac
uity and students recently. and a
tournament will be held next week
for the university golf Champion
snip over the municipal links of
South Bend.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
NO BASEBALL AT
KEWANEE, FIRST
IN MANY YEARS
Especial Correspondence ,

kewanee, Ill, May 3.-For the
nrst tlme IN many years Kewanee is
apparently without baseball club.
FolIowing the abandonment of
league baseball in the Central Asso-
ciatlon several years ago, semi-pro
CLUBS have been organized each
year, but this year has been an ex-
cepuon. The fans here will be
obliged to divide their attention
between the games at Galva. WON
ing, Sheffield, Cambridge and Gen
eseo.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
LOMBARp BEATS KNOX.

Galesburg, Ill, May 3.-Lombard
college defeated Knox college at
baseball, 10 to 5.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
LAYTON LEADS CHALLENGER.

Sedalia, Mo. May 3.-Johnny
Layton, three cushion billiard
champion, was leading the chalIen-
ger, McCourt, in their match here.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
GAME WILL
BE SUNDAY WITH
CAMBRIDGE NINE
Especial Correspondence, ,

Geneseo, May 3.-Manager Vie
gand OF the Geneseo baseball team
announces that the opening game
OF the local season viii he nfsvaS
next Sunday afternoon at ? o,c1oci
WI; Win ,ne opposing team represent
,us CamD bridge. 1t is understood
.nat cambridge will use Geiger as
their pitching choice. No decision
mas been reached as TO who will do
the Ringing for the local team
manager Wiegand states that a
strong team will be put on the field
IN the nope of winning the first
game of the season.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
NEW SWIM REc0Rn

Culver, Ind, May 3.-Johnnv
Weismuller established his gard
worlds record, swimming 100 met
ers in SO 2-5.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03

Home run-McDowell Two-base
hits-Thomason, Speas, Michaels
Stolen bases-Arvay. Struck out
By Skupa, IL; by Sitter. g. Bases
on balls-Off Skupa, 4; off Nc
Cracker, 2; off Sitter. 2. Umpire
Swain.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03

H0ck ISEd 3 q 10 UX-S To +
TwO-base hits-Fillingham. Hyde,
Jones. Newell, Gray, Councilman,
Anderson. Sacrifice hitS-Gray,
Councilman, ,. Stolen bases
Young, Graves. .: Norton, 2: Sven
ron, Newell. Double plays-C0n-
zelman (unassisted), Targee. An
dersOn. Black. Struck out-By FL
kins. 3; Hoeft, 8; by Stankey. ,;
by Caster, j. Bases on balIs-Off
Stankey, 1; Caster, 1; Off EIkins, J.
His by pitched ball-FilIingham,
Norton. Wild pitches-Stankey.
Elkins. Winning pitcher Elkins.,
Losing p-tcher-Stankey. Cmpires
and Schu,er. Time
3 :Oi.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03

cambridge, Mass, May a-Her-
ME bunker. of Davenport, Ia. was
eiec.ed captain of the Harvard
freshman track team. u
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03

anaconda, largest species of
snake, rarely attacks man.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
MOLINE DROPS
OPENER, 8 TO 5

Terre Haute. Ind. May 3.-Con-
sistent hitting on the part of Terre
Haute yesterday won the opening
game of the Three-Eye league seas
on from Moline. to 8. Although
wild at times, Tatum really fea-
tured with his strong pitching and
active hitting.
r. H. E.
Moline .....0O1OO01O s /
Tsrre H'te 30002-9 IA 1
Minor and Marmon; Tatum and
Coleman.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1922-05-03
DECATUR, 10; BLOOMINGTON. 6,


Decatur, Ill.,, May 3.-Three thou
sand fans saw Dan O'Leary's Com
modores defeat Bloomington yes
terday by 10 to score in the op-
Eoning game of the season. The To-
Gals drove Ranney Young, former
Millikin star, off the slab in the
third inning. The Boomers scored
all their runs in the fifth and sent
Campbell TO the showers. NHoltz-
hauser, who relieved him, pitched
fine ball. Decatur played errorless
ball. Score:
RH.E.
Bloom't'n .0O0o6o0Oo- s. 3
Decatur 20 022x-I0 IL o
S Young. Romine, Lewis and Har-
kins; Campbell, Holtzenser and
Novak.
PEORIA. IL; DANyILLE,.
Danville, ILL.,. May 3.-Peoria on
ened the 1922 season here yester-
day before 1000 people. defeatinp
Danvillc. IL to 1, by hitting to al
parts OF the field. while the local
players were unable to fathom the
offerings of Ambrose. The score
Peoria -. O24ee4Ie1-la 20 8
Danville ..0ooooo01o-1 6 i
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1922-07-20
AIR STATION TO BE
BUILT ON THAMES

LONDON The air ministry Is n.
bout to carry out experiments for e.
tabIishing an air station on the Tham~,
and test flights soon will begin. The
new station probably VII be near the
mouse of parliament and when in use
VIII save he journey by motor car to
CROYDON aerodrome, thus shortening
ly an hour the journey by plane from
London to Paris.
The ministry also has approved a
scheme for an air service between
southampton and the French ports OF
C~herbourg and lie Havre. The main
object Of this plan is TO shorten the
cross-Atlantic journey by picking up
passengers from %Cherbourg. conveying
them rapidly by air to Southampton.
and thence EDWARDS to London by
train.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1922-07-20
PARIS SUBURBS
PUSHING Outside
The GREAT WALLS
Outlaying Districts Become
Part of Metropolis When
Populace is Showed
Out by Growth.

PARIS.-Banks, movies and minister
ial anneXes have increased upon the
living quarters of Paris until the over,
flowing population has begun to crowd
into the suburbs, raising again the oft
meoted question Of enlarging the city.
Transportation facilities must be ex-
tended to accommodate the people thus
elbowed out Of town, and it is argued
hat for various reasons the city limits
must be extended correspondingly.
Bologne, which win be the first sub
urb to be connected with the center of
the city by subway, is expected to be
the first 10 be taken nto the fold, al
though Bolougne is showing no eager
ness TO become a part Of the most ex.
pensiye capital in the world.
The demolition Of the wan around
the French capital, now well under way,
to permit these extensions. is also
working other important transformation
When finished a 20 mile circular boule.
ward will mark i new stage in the evo-
luton OF Paris. as did the other boule-
ward systems, which Illustrated the
growth OF the city in the same way as
rings mark the age of an oak.
The first. wide streets in the center
of the city We're built on the side wall
of Philippe Augusta, The ring of bou.
levards now called the Grand Boule.
Yards took the place Of the wall Of
Louis XIV, and the system of 'exter
or b%oulevards. which are now far in
the interior Of the city limits. starting
the foot Of Mont Hartre, superseded
the walL-o OF Louis XVI.
The oil Latin quarter also gets an.
other. and probably fatal, below in the
improvements. The university city TO
be built along the new b|oulevards. is
expected to take students away from
the ST. Michel and Mont Parnassc
n~eighborhood. American boys coming
TO Paris to study win find there up.to-
date homes such as the Latin quarter
never afforded. AS for the old Latin
quarter life. the little Of it that still
survived vas buried the other day
with last Of the Bohemians"-Bar
Deghardine.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1922-07-20
FIRST BALE OF YEAR
BRINGS SOC POUND

ATLANTA. GA bale Of cotton.
claimed TO be the first OF the 1922 crop
in Georgia was sold on the Atlanta
Cotton Exchange Wednesday. for so
cents a pound. 1t graded middling,
weighed 4s0 pounds and brought s245.
This bale was ginned on Monday night
at Omega and was produced on the
farm or Horkan and Lindsey.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1922-07-20
HARDING STILL OPPOSED TO
GENERAL AMNESTY POLICY

WASH1NGTON.-President Harding
was quoted today by members of q dele
cation which presented to him a petit.
ton for the release OF all persons stin
imprisoned for violation OF war time
laws, as having said during a 40 min.
ute interview that he still adhered 10
his opposition TO a policy Of general
amnesty.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1922-07-20
Statement and Estimate of Carter County
For the Fiscal Year Beginning July 1, 1922 and Ending June 80, 1923

FINANCIAL a."
OF County of Cr state of Oklahoma as required by section of Cnr e& Laws 1917 Statement of U
GENERAL FL n
For Fiscal Year Ending + or Fiscal year ending
Department of Government June h 1921 June. Sh h@
Acct And Items Balance Balance Total Balance
No Of Appropriation Jme~ JWW Apnopna Warrants JmeW
1921 1922 ton Issued 1879
T. EXECUTIVE
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1922-07-20

l. For salary Of county treasurer and all regular d
ties and employees
>. For special services and extra help--------------
3 For Office supplies, blank books, stationery and prin
I. For postage. telephone and OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
5. For furniture and office
{. For slndry other
New-York tribune., 1922-10-25

the 5--53 treaty our navy should
be equal to that of Great Britain and
sive-thirds that of Japan ia every es-
sential. This includes personnel,
which is at present reduced much be-
low this proportion. Under the ma
tional defense act cur army should
form the nucleus for the develop
raent Of an effective fighting ma
chine. Thanks to the niggardly al
lowances of Congress, the army per-
sonnel alone has been reduced to
such an extent that 1t is practically
impossible to carry out the provi-
sions of the defense policy.
There is no thought and no inten-
tion of exceeding the letter or the
spirit of the naval limitation treaties
CIR of the national defense act. But
common sense warns against poll
icy of deliberately allowing the coun-
try's defenses to fall far below these
accepted limits.
New-York tribune., 1922-10-25
fraudulent Rankruptcy

Having pave1 the way for default
by destroying the value of the paper
mark, Germany is now said to be
contemplating cessation of repara-
ton payments in kind as we'll as in
cash. Having swindled foreign pur
chasers Of marks, hidden her nego-
table wealth abroad and shame
lessly debased her currency, the
Reich talks joyfully of proclaiming
insolvency.
Many who have not watched the
cool deliberation with which the
flight from the mark" was planned
may be taken in by this assertion of
inability to pay. But there is no
real inability to pay. German wealth
mas not vanished over night. The
property, the plant, the producing
power of great industrial nation
are still intact. Only the machinery
OF exchange has collapsed under
vicious manipulation. Germany is
running away not so much from the
mark as from the debts which she is
unwilling to meet. She has there
fore fabricated an artificial insol-
vency and is trying to get the world
to accept it as genuine.
Gan nation be bankrupt? Only
III misleading metaphorical sense,
Inere is no debtors court to which a
bankrupt nation, honest or fraudu-
lent, may go and ask to be relieved
OF its obligations at SO many cents
On the dollar. Germany may crv
bankruptcy; but it is for the credito,
nations to judge their own case and
to act as their own referee and ad.
ministrator. A plea of insolvency bx
Germany does not void the Versatile.
treaty. The reparations debts re.
main. German wealth remains. I,
simply becomes The duty of the cred,
itors to seize the defaulter's estate
and liquidate it.
This is all that Chancellor Wirth's
mysterious suggestions amount to
Whether Germany will pay doesn',
depend on Germany's state Of mind
II depends on the readiness Of hsi
creditors to enforce their claims
The real question Is whether Ger.
many will continue to exercise con.
New-York tribune., 1922-10-25
Up to the Old Tricks

Evidence that plans are being
made for registration frauds in the
greater city indicates that the Tam
many poll has not been favorable
to Smith. Tammany remembers that
Smith was defeated for Governor
two years ago, a though the leaders
were confident he would win and
did only the usual amount of work
at the polls.
This year Deputy Attorney Gen
eral Gilbert, failing to receive an
assurance from the President of tn.
Board of Elections, Mr.. John r.
Voorhis, that fraudulent rcgistra-
ton would be prevented, is making
an investigation on behalf of the
state. He has discovered that a
large number of assistance claims
have been filed by registrants in
the various districts. An assistance
calm, if allowed, entities the voter
to help in making out his ballot.
Tammany precinct workers a,ways
are ready and willing to supply the
help.
The Deputy Attorney General has
taken up the work Of fraud pre-
vention early enough to frustrate
Tammany to some extent. But when
Tammany is afraid -of losing an
election it becomes desperate and
will resort to anything.
New-York tribune., 1922-10-25
The Beekrnan Street Hospital

The 100000 business men and
women who work daily within the
district served by the Beekman
Street Hospital will not be deaf to
the appeal for s25o,o 900 to complete
the reorganization and renovation
of that institution. The hospital
serves one Of the largest and most
congested downtown districts, in
which, besides the vast army of
business people, there is also large
permanent population. It's three
ambulances are kept busy answer
ing calls within the district at all
hours Of the day and night, and its
wards are equipped not only to
handle emergency cases, but also to
treat residents within the district
who need special attention.
The emergency service, of course,
is of greatest interest to the tran
sient business men and women If,
therefore, you work east of Broad
way anywhere between Canal and
Beaver streets. or west of Broad
way between Canal and Chambers
streets, you may some day want to
call upon the Beekman Street Hos
pital for emergency aid. In the
mean time the hospital calls upon
VOL
New-York tribune., 1922-10-25
Reorganiz;ng Cuban Finances

III is to be hoped that the selection
of Governor w. P. G. Harding as
lead of commission to assist in the
rehabilitation Of Cuban finances will
not preclude his reappointment as
governor Of the Federal Reserve
Board. His talents will, of course
be OF great value to Cuba, but they
are still needed in this country.
The Cuban situation has presented
'nnumerahle difficulties ever since
the collapse of the sugar market two
years ago. Such high prices for
sugar prevailed during and immeai-
ateiy after the war that every one
VINO could borrow the capital went
INTO the sugar business. The result
vas an Unprecedented imitation fol
owed by a disastrous collapse which
ieft many Of the country's hanks
ard most Of the sugar companies Il,
q bad way. A moratorium was de.
eiared and efforts were made by the