The Washington times., 1922-10-01

run faster than thirty miles per
hour at any time, on rough roads
the speed is reduced to that of walk.
ing. The owner is never in a hurry.
That 1904 model will last another
1000 miles IL the same care Is
taken in operating II and lubricating
and adjusting It. A French Lavas,
sor single-cylinder car is thirty years
old. No record has been kept of
the mileage, but the able who owns
II has used II practically every day
Of its thirty-year life so far-and
the car is still running. 1t is not a
car that is capable Of high speed.
being one of the earliest models
built by the French manufacturer,
but even II 1t were, it's owner would
not press it.
Speed is Destruction.
Speed under ideal conditions (per.
feet fabrication and fit of the parts
is, as we can show, destructive Of
life in an automobile, so how much
more destructive is speed under un.
favorable conditions. In this
category we may place bad lubriCa.
ton due to a worn oil pump, worn
bearings, or because OF dirty oil or
the wrong grade of oil, or perhaps
cheap oil that breaks down and does
not lubricate well.
This applies not alone to the en-
gine and its accessories, but to the
clutch, transmission, universal joints,
axles, wheels and all other moving
parts. The average car owner is not
so particular about having the
wheels bearings packed with fresh
lubricant at least twice each year.
He let's this operation go until the
bearings give trouble, and they give
trouble because they run hot and fall
to pieces. These bearings run at
high speed even when your car is
travelling at thirty miles per hour.
and unless lubricant of the right
kind always Is present, excessive
heat and wear are bound to occur.
In engine bearings you have a soft
metal made Of babbitt. 1t Is de-
signed to accept a very heavy load
the explosion in the cylinders, and
with this force, plus others which
may total many tons, 1t must not
touch the crankshaft, which 1t sup
ports or on which 1t runs. The oil
film is the only medium keeping +--c
bearing surface and the crankshaft
Journals or crankpins separated.
Under high speed conditions that oil
film may break down for a few Sec
onds at a time, perhaps for thirty
seconds. The driver does not know
of It because the wear Is slight for
that particular failure, but 1t Is the
MULTIPLICATION Of these small lubrl-
eating failures that eats the very life
out Of the bearings and the crank
shaft.
You must change the oil in the
crankcase frequently-say every bOo
miles. You must operate the engine
at no time at it's maximum speed ana
full load. 1t should be treated with
some consideration II you want to
make 1t last a long time and cost
little to operate during that time.
The fan bearing of an engine
operates at higher-than-engine speed
and despite the usual bellet there
is considerable load on 1t. 1t Is the
first engine bearing to show signs
of wear and needs but slight neglect
to make 1t noisy. Closely following
the fan bearing come the genera
tor bearings, which also operate at
high speed. Oil is used for lubrl'
cation of the generator bearings,
the feed being through small
SnaD-COVer cup OF lHTOuBH paiI
valve. Neither provides the ideal
method to make 1t easy for the
owner to oil these bearings, especi-
ally when the oil can filler spout
is too large to get into these Oil
openings. The result is that these
high.speed parts run dry and con-
seauently the generator aramture
soon strikes the pole pieces. This
produces a loud, squeaking noise at
first, then a knocking sound. BY
that time 1t is too late for oiling
and the owner is taxed for a new
armature, perhaps a new generator.
The clutch operates always at
engine speed, 80 does the trans
mission and propeller shaft, yet how
many owners ever consider the uni
versal Joints on this latter shaft?
Here are parts which are always
moving because of irregularities in
the road ever so slight. The joints
must give universal action and at
the same time turn the shaft around
drive the entire car. Under nor.
NAL speed conditions these joints II
fabricated will last for 10000 miles