, 1922-07-06
~LUBR|CATION is
MOST ESSENTIAL
Highest Grade and Correct Main
tenance of 1t Are Necessary
Tor Smooth Control.
NEED OF SIMPLE PRECAUTIONS
Choice Of Particular Oil Is for Compe-
tent Engineer to Make-Four
Basic Factors Affected by
Design Of Engine.

The correct fabrication of an auto
mobile, truck or tractor motor de-
ponds on the following three condi-
tons, all within the control of the
operator: The use of lubricating oil
Of the highest quality; the use of the
correct grade of this high-quality oil
to meet the engine operating condi-
lions exactly: proper precautions to
maintain the quality of the lubricant
while in service and to make adjust
ments to insure its delivery in exactly
the correct quantities to the friction
surfaces.
Failure of the operator to give the
necessary attention to any one of
these conditions may result in i'm
paired performance. The lubricant
plays n vital part in insuring smooth,
regular operation and the mainte-
nance Of power output at its maxi
mum or Increased operating costs
Repairs due to incorrect fabrication
are frequent and costly. Also. the use
of the wrong oil or the improper use
of the correct oil tends to increase
fuel consumption. the number of
forced stops and the rate of depreci-
alton.
Few Simple Precautions.
With so much dependent on the cor
rect fabrication of your engine, it
would be unwise to neglect the few
simple precautions necessary to in
sure the very best of results.
The choice of the correct oil for
any particular engine is a matter for
a competent engineer. 1t involves the
following four basic iubricating fac
tors affected by engine design:
First-Engine operating tempera-
ture depends primarily on the service
or loading of the engine. The steady.
uninterrupted, almost full-load work
of the tractor engine determines high
temperatures as contrasted with the
intermittent, variable-load work en-
countered by the truck or passenger
car engine. The engine size, the
capacity of the cooling system and the
fuel used are some of the other fea-
lures OF design which have a bear
ing on operating temperatures. AS
all oil tends to lose body or thin out
under heat we are naturally influ-
enced toward the use of heavier
bodied oils where operating tempera-
lures are high.
Distribution Of Oil.
Second-Oil distribution. The ability
Of The lubricating system to distribute
the oil TO all friction surfaces where
the lubricant is chilled and ~thickened
determines how fluid the correct oil
must be. In other words this feature
of engine design is the limiting factor
with respect to oil body.
Some ~lubricating systems are
adapted for perfect circulation Of all
oils from the heavlest-bOdied to the
Iightest; others function best on oils
of light or medium body.
The correct oil is of such body as
10 perfectly distribute through the
system Of fabrication provided at all
atmospheric temperatures likely to be
encountered in service.
Not All Burn Equally Well.
Third-Carbon formation. Not all
oils are equally clean burning, nor are
all engines equally sensitive" IN the
bnneful effects of carbon formation.
The correct oil will be OF such char
acter ny to minimize carbon formation
and the troubles which result from
such deposit.
Fourth-Seal for piston rings. The
correct oil will be Of ample body and
correct character "a seal the piston
rings against passage of the highly
compressed gases on the compression
and power strokes. Such sealing Is
essential to conserve power. increase
fuel economy and forestail excessive
dllution of The oil supply with fuel
and contamination by water and other
foreign substances. Plainly. the sub.
iect is an intricate one. the subject
with which the average operator Is at
"a disadvantage.