davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
Entire Reciprocity Part
OF Government Bargain

Let me cite briefly one striking IL
lustration of this discrimination that
has been permitted TO continue 20
long. In the seventies, French Gov
ernment subsidized cable was allowed
to land in America provided, as the
terms of the license ran "entire reci-
proeity and equal facilities" were
guaranteed to American cable com
panies wishing to land and do business
In France. In his message to Con-
gress, Gen. Grant said: mo line
should be allowed to land on the shores
Of the United States under concession
from another Power which does not
admit ihc right OF any other line
formed in the United States to land
and freely connect with and operate
through its land lines"
Now after fifty years il is clear that
this agreement has been ignored.
The subsidized French cable company
lands within the limits OF New York
city; has six or seven public offices
through which 1t receives from and
delivers messages to the public. IL
also operates In most unrestricted
these
offices and the landing station. The
French company distributes in the
interior of the country through the
American companies whose activities
in France are SO seriously hampered,
but IL could build its own lines II II
wanted to. over there the American
companies, however, are not per-
mitted TO deal directly with the public
or to open offices. They are limited
to doing what business reaches them
through the French. Government
telegraphs. They are not even per-
mitted TO have their own land lines
or to communicate directly between
Paris and the other commercial CEN
ters and their landing stations.
Fortunately. the remedy to the
situation IL placed in our hands by
the Kellogg bill, which has been APP
proved by Congress and gives the
President full power to act. The vital
provision of this new communications
The New York herald., 1922-08-06

cannot be greatly changed until there
Is an entire rebuilding Of the labor
making houses In existence under the
guidance Of up to date authorities
Drudgery will also be eliminated then,
but / am afraid that time is yet afar
on.
In the past too much interference
has taken place In the domestic work.
er's private business. She could no.
have a sweetheart without being told
she must not bring him home; she
could not dress her hair fashionably
for fear Of displeasing the mistress;
her hours Of leisure were very limited,
until at last the younger generation
with its greater degree Of education
fatty refused TO have anything 70 do
with an occupation which could offer
nothing better.
II would seem 20 me that some sort
OF training Is necessary before the
status OF the domestic worker can
ever be raised. at the moment II il
not recognized as a skilled occupation,
although even the veriest fool mus,
understand that to cook the plainest
Of meals or run a home on the sim
plest lines some intelligence and or
ganizing ability must be brought to
bear. The teaching Of homecraft
ought TO be considered the most i'm
portant subject in any country, and
this fact is now being rapidly recog
nized.
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
BY
COUNCILLOR JESSIE STEPHEN,
Hon. General Secretary Domestic
Workers Union.

A CCORDING to the latest statis-
IA tics America, like every other
country in the world. is suffering
from a servant shortage. In the ten
wears 19i0-20 the number Of servants
employed diminished rapidly. For in
stance. chambermaids became fewer by
2s per cent, personal s-ladies'
maids, nur semaids and Wallets by y per
cent. launderers and laundresses not
employed in laundries by 20 per cent,
dressmakers and seamstresses not en-
ployed in factories by AZ per cent.
general servants maids of all work
and the like By a trifle more than 20
per cent. This at time when the
population had increased by IS per
cont.
II is my firm conviction that mat
ters would never have reached their
present pass had more attention been
paid to the conditions under which
this class Of worker had 70 labor In
years gone BY. At one time anything
was considered good enough for the
maid. Her bedroom was generally the
worst i'm the house. her food was not
always the same as that served to
the family. her wages were miserahly
Inadequate and her status was NIL, nm
accumulation OF circumstances which
was bound to have it, reaction.
Take the question OF hours. Even
now there is no concerted attempt 70
lay down maximum for domestic
servants. My knowledge Of the hours
worked in America is very limited and
gained from friends who have gone
to service there from Britain. but In
my own country the number Of hours
on duty worked by the average SER
want is fourteen or fifteen. My organ
ization has done much TO remedy this
state Of affairs without antagonizing
the mistress. Indeed. many mis-
tresses are actively cooperating in the
work.
Wages have greatly improved every
where, but they are none too great
even now. Bedroom accommodation
The New York herald., 1922-08-06

talent and whose parents can i'll afford
to invest in horns and oboes. violins,
cellos, bassoons and saxophones. This
practical encouragement has developed
throughout the city several amateur
orchestras and bands Of splendid artis-
tic promise.
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
Diverted
Control Trade
Continued from Page Two.

Europe and with China. the great
world markets, are being discrimi-
mated against and there Is general
agreement that our rights. long al
lowed to lie dormant, should be as
serted In no doubtful terms.
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
Many Americans Will
Attend the Conference

American leaders will be present,
among them the Rev. Charles f. JEFF
ferson of the Broadway Tabernacle.
who to-day will deliver sermon in
the Cathedral. In the evening DR..
John K. Mott. together with the Arch
bishop of Upsala and the Bishop OF
the Greek Orthodox Church. will be
the principal speakers. From America
will also come Drs. William p. Mer-
rill. Nehemiah Boynton. III. A. Atkin-
son, Charles Eliot, Arthur ]. Brown
Williams Adams Brown, Charles s.
Macfarland, Peter Ainslie, w. III. p
Faunce, Hamilton Holt, William T.
Hull; also Drs. McGiffert, Plimpton
Atterbury, Conrad, Guild, Hough, Lar
sen and Day.
Among delegates of National coun-
ellis represented at the Copenhagen
conference are those sent from Great
Britain, Germany. France. Italy, Aus
tria, Greece, Turkey, Hungary. Nor
way. Sweden, Holland, Spain, Japan
Finland, Poland, Bulgaria, Denmark
| Switzerland, Portugal, &c.
Opening ten days after the startling
fore the National Free Church Council
OF London, in which the speaker dra-
matically emphasizes the urgent ne
cessity for the Christian people Of the
world to make n supreme effort fol-
the preservation of peace, the Copen-
hagen conference could not have been
convened at q time more appropriate
or auspicious.
"They are constructing more ter
rible machines than even the late wal
ever saw!" exclaimed the British Pre-
mier. What for? Not for peace
They are to attack defenceless cities
4 III the churches of Christ throughout
the world allow that TO fructify they
| had better close their doors. / am
\ glad that the head of the largest
church in Christendom Is man who
| is a Irofound believer in peace. He
exercises great sway over the con-
4 sciences of millions in many lands
and / rejoice in that fact"
An exclusive communication from
Or. Frederick Lynch, educational Sec
retary of the Federal Council OF
Churches. to THE NEW YORK HERALr
4 states that there will be in attendance
at the conference q large delegation
\ from the Eastern churches-generally
/ known as the Holy Orthodox Church
\ or the Greek Catholic, as distinguished
\ from the Roman Catholic Church
\ Among the eminent dlgnitaries of this
denomination will be the Bishop Of
Sofia. Ardumandrate Raikoff. Bishop
Miron Chrlsta, Bishop Clarion Radonio
and Bishop Cesarea Nicolaos.
The New York herald., 1922-08-06

legislation reads: "The President may
withhold or revoke the landing license
Of any submarine cable company di-
rectly or indirectly connecting the
United States with any foreign coun-
try when he shall be satisfied that
such action will assist In securing
rights for the landing or operation Of
cables in foreign countries or IN main
tanning the rights or interests Of the
United States or Of It's foreign citi-
zens."
Under the authority OF this law the
French cable companies should be
given an early opportunity to show
cause why its landing and operating
license In the United states, granted
under the assurance OF equal rights
for American companies in France,
should not be cancelled.
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
Protestant Churches of West
Unable to Meet Before

According to DIR. Lynch, II has been
only within the last three years that
the Protestant churches of the west,
and this great Greek Catholic Church,
comprising as Il does all Russia,
Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia, the Cau-
casians, Constantinople. and much Of
Syria have been able to meet together
These eastern churches took a promi-
nent part In the world conference on
faith and order in Geneva, and later
The New York herald., 1922-08-06

the best functions for which theaters
are supposed to exist.
That the new theater will afford un-
usual opportunities for the student
body in inspiring creative work, many
courses have a more or less direct re-
lation to the theater, as. for instance,
literature. The technical departments
offer unlimited fields for advanced
students in many lines. In the music
school alone 1900 students are pre-
pairing for careers upon which the in
fiuence Of the theater will impinge
in varying degree. Some of these will
find opportunity for expression in the
orchestra or as organists: still others
in the creative field of composition.
Wins Eastman Support.
The popular conception of n univer-
sity president as scholastic recluse,
far removed from the usual everyday
contacts of life, is shattered in the
person of DR.. Rush Rhees. president
of the University of Rochester. DR..
Rhees is engaged in the highly prac-
tical task of building up that institu-
tion into one of the largest. most COM
pletely standardized and equipped
schools In the world. In that effort he
won the moral and financial support
of George Eastman, with his ample
fortune, and of the General Education
Board which administers large part
of the John ID. Rockefeller millions.
Arrangements have been perfected
for a model group OF buildings. a new
physical home for the old university,
to arise upon site on the banks of
the Genesee, in suburban Rochester
these to supplant the old university
buildings which now are circum-
scribed by the growing city. The
temptation to include the music school
and picture palace in this projected
group must have been strong. But
this splendid structure will not grace
the wooded knobs of the new campus.
Instead, IL is located where IL will best
serve its purpose--in the very heart
OF Rochester's business district, where
Mr., Mrs. and Miss Rochester and the
Rochester boy naturally will seek en-
tertainment In their hours of leisure.
Darkness Banished.
Inc same astute minds that grasped
the truth that the average public
would not care to travel to the uni
versity campus for entertainment un-
derstood that the man in the street
will not knowingly subject himself
to an educational process in the thea
ter. To him that smacks too much
of being patronized. But clinic with
ottt clinical material can noon,,,uIt.t.
little and theater lacking an au-
dience Is equally profitless. SO the
high brow spirit was held In check
and the actual operation OF the the
alter was turned over to experienced
showmen, trained in the traditions
and technique of the game. and they
are TO have free hand save for
scrupulous observance of the cardinal
principle that wholesomeness and good
taste must control throughout.
The original name OF the theater, or
Its working title. as they sly In cinema
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
REPORTERS JOB
ABROAD HARD
Round Table on Journalism at Insti-
tute of Politics Discusses Requisite
Qualifications for American
Correspondents Serving
Their Newspapers IN For
eign Countries.
By ANDREW TEN EYcK.

ened one morning to receive mes
sage ordering him to report forthwith
at his editors office. In fear and
trembling he has approached that
august person to learn that he Is to
leave in three days for foreign parts.
Still somewhat daZed he has left the
Office feeling that after all even
European assignment is better than
the bounce. Or he may walk in light
air his head in the clouds and his
mind intoxicated.
Both are quickly disillusioned. The
average correspondent is at sea much
longer than the passage across the
Atlantic It is often weeks and months
and even years before he gets his
bearings. Much depends on the man,
but however experienced, however in
telligent, 1t is extremely difficult for
him to accustom himself 10 his new
surroundings. to measure events by
new standards, to forget that every
word he sends by cable costs his paper
at least cents and sometimes con-
siderably more. If he is assigned to
capital where the people speak
different language his difficulties are
even greater.
Must Consider Expenses
In Selecting Gable Topics
IF he happens to be the sole repre-
sentative of his paper or the head Of
its bureau he worries about cable tolls
the problem of keeping down ex-
penses and justifying its existence.
His greatest temptation is to prove to
them at home that he is on the job
though as a rule most OF the people
at home have so many worries OF their
own that they are quite content to
4 forget him unless he sends a beat
or is beaten by one Of his rivals At
last he finds his feet or loses his head.
His is no different than any other
profession, a bit more exciting than
some, quite a bit less profitable than
others. There are journalistic sue
cesses and failures, honest journalists
and journalists who are rogues. takers
and hard workers.
"Once abroad the new corre-
spondent's education begins. He is
much in the same position as a man
who has taught himself golf, becomes
dissatisfied and finally enlists the
service of the professional at his club.
The pro generally makes him abandon
all his pet theories and adopt a totally
new set, including a full set Of clubs
| and balls. While he worked in New
/ York or Chicago or Philadelphia he
found it difficult to read one paper
before he reported for work. but now
he must read all Of them.
The London newspapers have been
the despair Of many an American
newspaper man. In the first place
the chief newspapers do not carry
their important news on the first page
that is reserved for advertising. There
are no scare heads. The truth Is there
is no need. They read papers in Eng
! land"
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
Ar hop Of
Canterbury will
Preside To-day
Over Meeting at
Copenhagen to
Discuss Promo
ton of Interna-
tional Friendship
Through the
Churches.
BY J. w. JEFFERIS.

FOLLOWING in the wake of the
X luckless Hague Conference
4 which left the nations of q
peaceless earth still "snarlirg at each
International Friendship, OF which the
Archbishop of Canterbury is president
will convene in Copenhagen to-day,
August 6. to discuss the best means
for the promotion of good will through
the cooperative efforts of the churches.
An international committee of dis
tinguished religious leaders from all
the countries of North America Europe
and Asia who believe with President
Harding that Justice is better served
in conferences of peace than in con-
fiicts of arms will gather in Copen-
hagen's famous Cathedral, the Vor
Frue Kirke. to marshal the religious
forces of the world; so that the in
fluence of all Christian people may be
brought to bear upon the relations OF
Governments. races and classes to the
emu tilil spirit VI peace anu DIOLHel-
hood may prevail: that, lin the settle
ment of international disputes arbi-
tration may be substituted for war
friendship for suspicion and hate, CO.
operation for ruinous competition and
in place of greed. spirit of human
service and mutual sacrifice"
Besides disarmament. the agenda OF
the conference includes discussion OF
the following subjects: international
reconciliation and reconstruction, the
labor problem. prohibition. the League
of Nations. religious and racial minori-
ties, foreign missions. the Far Eastern
question and the equality of races.
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
An Opera Season.

A feature picture, surrounded by in
cidental news reels, scenics, comedies
and topicals, with a popular incidental
musical program, will be presented on
each OF the first three days OF the
week. on every Wednesday. however,
this program is to give way to con-
cert and recital. The array of musical
artists and high class orchestras al
ready booked for the coming season
suggests a who's Who in Music"
There Is to be even a brief season Of
grand opera after the enterprise has
been fully launched. Thus the East
man must be rega rded as a converti-
lie theater-an exquisitely beautiful,
fully equipped opera house in which
the lyric stage is to divide honors with
its younger brother in art, the un-
spoken drama.
Following the Wednesday evening
musicale, a new movie program opens
on Thursday and continues to the end
of the week. During the brief seasons
of opera motion picture activities will
be suspended
III this ambitious musical prospectus
seems commercially impracticabe ii
should be remembered that Rochester
is a city Of uncommon culture and n
musical center of long standing. Fifty
years ago. when such luxuries were
rare even in the larger citiess Roch-
ester boasted celebrated symphony
orchestra. To-day musical interest is
SO great In the public schools there
that the Eastman School of Music has
provided for the municipality col
lection Of instruments valued at ss5, 900
for the sole purpose of loaning them
to ambitious youngsters who display
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
What the Project Means.

W nat thC LiOJCSt AVA CohS.
The fact remains that the organ
with which the Eastman Theater is
being equipped is believed to be the
finest of its kind ins the world. 4
smaller organ in Kilbourn Halls under
the same roof and designed for cham
ber music and recitals. represents an
investment of $4,000. Nine organ
practice rooms are already i'm opera
ton in the music school portion of
the building and provision exists for
four more. instruction in playing the
organ to accompany motion pictures
Is one of the special courses of the
school. II is hoped TO improve musi-
cal settings for pictures through this
agency.
Reduced to catalogued facts. the
opening of this theater in Rochester
means.
That the university acknowledges
popular inexpensive entertainment of
the movie type to be an essential factor
of modern life and indorses IL by en-
tering the business.
That 1t recognizes in motion pic
lures presented for purposes solely OF
CnteftalnmcnL us ulStiuEulSHtu iIOtIl
educational films great and neg
lected educational medium.
That music, typified by the Eastman
School. recognizes the movie as a use
full complementary factor, whereas in
the past the only mutual recognition
has been due to the effort of the movie
to bolster its threatened position
through an alliance with music.
That in the operation of big pop
ular theater with such screen mate
rial as Is Mt hand for the commercial
manager the university is in position
TO determine with scientific exactness
the psychological reactions OF the pub
lie, the existing elements OF strength
that should be preserved and the un-
desirable or injurious features that
should be eliminated
That the university az n theater
management, will encounter at first
nand and in intimate relation the yarl-
Gus problems confronting the exhibit
tor. and can bring to bear upon these
problems the genius of its scientific
personnel and the unequaled facilities
of the world famous Eastman labora-
tories in chemistry, physics and the
like. Thus, IL Is thought, for the first
time scientific methods will be ap-
piled to develop efficiency in fulfilling
The New York herald., 1922-08-06

circles, was to have been THE Ma
tional Academy OF Motion Pictures"
Hard headed showmen said it would
never do; film fans never would take
kindly to that academic stuff" So
the high sounding moniker was
scrapped The National Academy of
Motion Pictures became the Eastman
Theater, much against the preferences
of the man whose generosity to the
university had made the project fea-
sible and whose tastes do not incline
toward seeing his name in electric
flash signs.
incidentally, it is expected that the
opening of the Eastman Theater VIII
mark the beginning Of the end Of film
presentations in darkened theaters.
The evils that have grown out Of the
darkened auditorium have led TO ex-
tended and carefully tabulated expert
ments conducted by the Eastman Re-
search Laboratories. These have dis
closed what is believed 10 be an ideal
condition with reference to illuminl-
ton, under which motion pictures may
be projected without adversely affect
ing the screen image, while al the
same time the whole auditorium re-
mains light enough to permit a patron
either TO read his program or to pick
up an object dropped to the floor The
new theater will be so lighted and any
manager may inspect the system and
carry away the idea for his own use.
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
He Should Know History.
Politics and Literature

He will know American history
and politics. have studied economics
and read all the latest novels and art
reviews. He will have worked as a
reporter and as a copy reader. He
will know when to condense and when
to expand. how 70 write cables and
make society news interesting
Ten to one he won't come up to
any of these specifications. The same
odds that he win have served an ap-
premiership in the police courts, had
a turn as a special reporter and awak-
The New York herald., 1922-08-06
THE round table on journalism
In the Institute OF Politics at

"HE round table on journalism
in the Institute OF Politics at
Williamstown, Mass, under
the leadership of Arthur s. Draper,
proved OF great interest. 1t has as
members Philip Kerr, former secre-
tary TO Lloyd George and Lionel
Curtis. the late Viscount Bryce's sue
cessor as British Lecturer. In a re-
cent session Mr.. Draper proceeded to
define the proper qualifications for a
foreign correspondent and TO suggest
to what degree they are actually ap-
preached by the persons who fill such
positions abroad.
Mr.. Draper said that a foreign cor
respondent cannot be a free lance for
he will soon feel the lack of contact
with his home office and be out of
touch with his readers. For physical
reasons If for no other" said he, che
has greater freedom than the cor
respondent at the State Capitol or the
head Of the bureau at Washington.
Oftentmes he would exchange the
freedom for an opportunity to tell his
troubles to his editors. His prelim-.
mary training before he is sent abroad
Is matter which deserves more at
tention than II commonly receives.
1T may be of interest TO set up an
ideal correspondence sort of hypo-
thetical chap who might be a per-
petual motion machine with a nose
for news, the soul Of a poet and
tongue for languages equal to that of
the foreman in the early stages of
the building of the Tower of Babel.
He will read and write and speak
French and German and Italian. He
will know when the battle OF Hast
inGs was fought. what Nelson said
at the battle Of Trafalgar and the
correct dress TO wear when visiting
the foreign Office at tea time.
HE will know all about Bismarck S
policy after the War of 1870, the
Einstein theory and the leading Ger
man cinema actor. He will know how
many counties there are in Austria,
the color of the Sim Fein flag and
the parentage of Mr.. de Valera He
will know the requirements for a
seat in the House OF Lords, the num-
ber of ministers in the British Cab
met. and the college at Oxford which
has turned out the greatest number
OF Premiers