davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

sired, have maintained. but we are
proposing new basis for international
relations.
The policy that prevails in these
treaties may be defined as the sub
stitution Of confidence in the honor
and just intention OF other nations in
place Of reliance upon our own armed
force, except as that may be necessary
for the defense Of our home territory
for which the force allowed to us by
the treaties is no doubt sufficient
If this were equally accepted by all
other nations there could not be any
question of its desirablity; bat il can
hardly be claimed that it is so. The
primacy which we renounce becomes
the absolute and unchallenged suprem-
acy Of the British Empire on the sea.
supremacy which it will not suffer
any other nation to contest: for it
consists not only in supere iority in the
number Of capital ships and Hlcir aux
iliaries. but in naval and coaling sta
tions and fortified strongholds in every
part of the world. which more than
doubles its naval strength lnciden-
tally, also. these treaties involve a re-
nuncation of the idea of protecting by
force of arms any rights or interests
we may have in the Pacific Ocean or
beyond it. since 10 successful naval
operations could be conducted in the
Western Pacific under the terms of the
proposed treaties, which prohibit the
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
Churchill's Littie Trick

The London Evening News has been
giving list of little tricks of our biz
men," and among these it mention:
Winston Churchill.
When Mr. Churchill has 70 listen td
any lonm speeches he invariably makes
paper triangles. During the loni
speech of LLOYD George ut the Central
Hall last Saturday Mn. Churchill madi
.our cquilateral trangles.
Mr.. Churchill has very restless
hands. and nc began this trick by trS-
toying with the order paper Of the dai
in the House of Commons. Idly. n
used 10 -c!l and then unroll 1t. TEe.
..he triangla followed. and now it is q;
art
Very carefully he begins to preI
and roll one corner of the paper. Whel
the angle is perfect he proceedp witt
the roll until the paper assumes TIL
shape of a pencil about eighteen inchi
long. This he divides in three, the cel!
ter portion being the base. Then thl
two ends are brought together and IT.
terlocked, and the triangle Us compiled
He takes quite ten minutes to corr
p!ete triangle, and always seems i
have his mind concentrated on nothi 4,
else. But this apparent concentratio
is an attitude only, and the whole viii,
his mind is absorbing the speech, i
which it may be Ks duty TO reply.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
Ruthless. U-BOat Commanders
Escape Their Just p Punishment

English government ended by accepting
the proposal.
The trial took place on July I6 last.
At that time Of the three culprits there
were only two, Lieutenant Patzic hav-
ing found means Of escaping to South
Africa. Alone. therefore. Ideutenants
Dithmer and Bodt were arrested and
brought before the court They re-
fused TO reply, saying merely. by way
OF defense, that they had only obeycd
and executed orders given to them by
their superior officer, the commander
of the submarine.
Both Men Sentenced to
Four Years in Prison
After lengthy debates the court gave
lis verdict and condemned them to
four years in prison. Four years in
prison for murder which cost the
lives Of dozens Of innocent women and
hundreds of unfortunate wounded was
not an excessive penalty. However,
very few protestations were made
eeo'i'oe SftN iNiCI lAl LUiOPc. llIGt
because nobody in Europe any more
is indignant about anything; second,
because it was the first condemnation
pronounced by the Supreme Court in
Leipzig, which up to then had re-
leased all the accused who had been
put on trial before it.
But here comes the end of the story
and of the farce. Some weeks ago, in
December last, Lieutenant Johann
Boldt, who was e%piatjng his crime in
prison in Hamburg, succeeded in
escaping one fine evening without any
one knowing what had happened; and
thia week Lieutenant Dithmcr, who
was under lock and key in the old
Thuringer prison, managed to escape,
too, one fine morning without any one
being able to say how he did it,
Thus, all the authors of the crirce
Of Llandovcry Castle are at the pres
ent moment at liberty. I will refrain
from commenting upon the subject
If people still exist in America who
believe in impartial German supreme
courts, let us hope there is none who
believes i'll the solidity of prisons in
which criminals arc shut up by said
court.
1t is likewise to be hoped that we
will no longer hear talk about punish
ment for those who. during the war,
violated humane rules. After the story
of the Llandovery Castle we have
right to believe that they will always
find judges to condemn them to rdicu
lous penalties, jailors who will help
them to escape and the public opinion
of the world to remain Indifferent.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
Labor Expects Heavy Gains in
Next Parliamentary Elections

result OF the Irish settlement. Esti-
mates Of the part that Labor will play
in the new Parliament vary The lowest
current estimate OF the Labor dele
CATION in the new House is 1870. The
highest is o20- made, strangely
enough, from LIBERAL and not from
Labor. sources. 1.-The Observer" a
Sunday newspaper Of good standing
believes that there will be 200 Labor
members, and that there may be 220
Labor politicians themselves say that
any figure over $50 would be approx
mately correct-which means that they
believe they have q chance Of captur-
ing $50 seats at the outside.
Bare Chance Exists
OF New Coalition
There is a bare chance that the
Labor and Independent Liberal parties
would together be able to muster
strength enough to form new coal-
ton, but this is doubted by the most,
competent observers, who rather see
the Labor party as a formidable oppo-
sition but nothing else.
Here, then, is Labors strategy: A
nucleus of from 120 to 200 men who
had served In Parliament would be
sufficient foundation on which to build
a Parliamentary majority. 1t could as
simulate the 100 or SO raw members
who would be returned as q result Of
Labor triumph.
LET US consolidate our position and
perfect ourselves in the technique of
government" say the Labor leaders.
"Thcn, at the next general election
the one after the coming one-wc can
make a serious bid for power on a
sound basis"
This, it must be borne in mind, is
purely. The Labor point Of view. There
are many astute politicians who believe
that the Parliamentary representation
secured by Labor in the coming cleo
tion will represent the real strength
of that party (having regard for the
belief that in the so-called "khaki"
election of 1918 the actual strength OF
Labor was temporarily misrepresented
under the emotionalism of the mo-
ment).
"This election" these men say, "will
be the high-water mark. Labor's
record in the present Parliament its
record on local government bodies; the
great number OF strikes since the war,
and the probable return of business
prospcrity ty-all these will mitigate
against a further ext9ason Of tho
party's power. The gain that this elsc-
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

trancous subjects was happily soon
abandoned, but not until the futilitv
OF departing from the method of free
and voluntary agreement had pro
duccd a wholly unnecessary misundcr
standing. Misunde rstandings Of this
kind are. unhappily, the chief sources
Of international estrangement They
bring into action the principle OF the
YOU can never forgive you if you prove
that 20" are right. for in order to make
it appear that they were just they
must stll condemn you
In so far as the conference steered
clear Of European questions it's CON
versations were not marred by un-
pleasant dialogues or irrelevant re-
examinations. but wherever a previ-
ously existing European misundcrstand
ing or conflict of interest crcpt into
the council chamber it produced fric-
tlon and TO certain extent involved
our country in the quarrel. There
were subjects which could not be
openly and fully discussed in these
meetings, and,s despite the introduction
of them by foreign writer's into our
public press. they could not we'll be
fully examined there by our own
writer's without seeming partisanship
in questions foreign to our interests
and too delicate for treatment by
country acting as host to other coun-
tries. 1t is unfortunate that the
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

to-day with q political danger which, if
1t were not faced with vigor and with
courage-as it will be-undoubtedlv
would be danger of the gravcst kind "
AS Winston Churchill spoke the
above words at meeting of the Coal-
ton Liberal party last week ! sat by
the desk of man in the closest touch
with the leaders Of the Labor party
and discussed with him the party's
plans for the coming election. For a
general election will certainly come in
Britain before many months.
Asserts Victory Would
Injure Labor Party
"Thc Labor party has got to learn in
the long school OF experience, in night
schools in the House of Commons, be
fore il is fitted to carry on the govern
ment of the British Empire" Mr..
Churchill said.
"As a matter OF fact" said the poll
tician to me. "thc worst thing that
could happen to the Labor party would
be victory in this election. We do
not want it; we do not expect it. You
cannot carry on a government with un-
trained men. Suppose that, by some
means Or another, the election should
return the Labor party as a majority
party. That would mean that over two
hundred mon with no Parliamentary
experience would be among the Parlia-
mentary majority We arc OF
such Missionaries az TO believe that any
thing could be accomplished under such
conditions"
SO, strangely enough, Mr.. Churchill
and the Labor party seem in virtual
agreement on an important point.
What the Labor party hopes and ex-
poets to do is to emerge from the
next election with a heavily increased
representation in the House of Com
mons There are at present seventy
two Labor members OF the House by
elections having raised the total from
sixty three, the number elected in
December, 1879. The coalition which
is now in power comprises 500 Con-
scrvatives and 1876 Liberals, leaving
Labor as the most formidable single
party in the opposition.
The next Parliament will have only
some 627 members, since eighty Sinn
Feincrs and Irish Nationalist i;he
forme. never having taken their seats)
will be stricken off the rolls ~ the
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
BY Stephane Lauzanne
Editor ~. Chiof, LIE Motin
PARIS, Feb. I


|THE story Of the. Llandovery
Castle is typical story upon
which all those who believe
that the good German people
are honest as we'll as Just and rcady to
acknowledge their faults, and who BE-
lieve that the nervous French people
are pitiless and revengeful and etern-
ally seeking quarrcls, should mediate
The Llandovery Castle was q British
hospital ship, which was sunk by a
German submarine during the war
Since many have forgotten the de-
tails Of that horrible tragedy, let me
recall it in few words. The LAND
overy Castle had on board wounded,
nurses and doctors. A German tor
pedo cut the hull in twain and the ship
sank IN lsss than ten minutes. Never
theless, three lifcboats put to sea and
tried to escape. The submarine sig
nailed them to stop and then ap-
preached one Of them. The unfortu-
nate passengers underwent lengthy
questioning by the commander a
certain Lieutenant Patzig. and they
we're even searched.
Interrogation and search simply
proved that they we're wounded, in
offensive passengers and nurses, and
that there was neither single soldier
nor a single rife aboard the Llandovcry
Castle. Sinking her therefore was an
odious and useless crime.
Then Lieutenant Patzig Decides
To Remove All Traces
Fearing that the abominable act
would bring roproach, Pstzig decided
to remove all trace Of it. He feigncd
departure. Then, having reached GER
tain distance, he ordered his comrades,
Lieltenants Ludwig Dithmer and
Johann Boldt, to Are on the lifeboats.
The best gunner was placed at the
gun Of the submarine, and bullets rid
died the unfortunate craft until they
were completely engulfed, with their
human cargo. One by one they were
seen to disappear under the waves.
This crime WAS doubled by one Of the
most ierocious and savage acts ever
registered in any war.
After the. armistice the English gov
ernment requested, among others guilty
Of atrocities, that Lieutenants. Patzig,
Dithmer and Boldt be handed over.
The German government refused, but
offered to send them to be judged be-
fore sssuprsms court in Leipzig. The
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
Germany Financial Scheme

Concerning the finances Of Germa any.
Probus, in "LIntransigesn.," observes
that:
Not ONLY has Germany restored her
devastated regions where. bv the va.
the losses were very small i'm proper
ton to ours. but sho has developed her
canals. her railroad lines. her port.
She has started the reconstruction %
formidable merchant fleet. Shc has
given large subventions TO national in-
dustries DO tie best you can SAID
Hugo SHINES to the constructors ii
his new works.
Now, these works. these railroads,
these canals. these ports and these
ships constitute for the Germans i'll
strumerts OF production Of the FIST
order aud am them efficiently in ths
competition among nations.
But these expenses. it Will be ssid.
have had taxes as q counterpart. They
have not At least for very large
part they have been realized by means
OF those eratuitous credits opened i's
the country by the Reiehsbark and. al
the same time. this appeal to the gra-
tuitous credits contributed TO the de-
probation Of the German mark, so thar
Germany could plead the difficulty q
buying what is called the foreign de-
vices" that is. American dollars, Eng
iish pounds or French francs.
While increasing her means of pro-
ducton, the true riches Of q modern
country, she prepared an excuse fot
no. paying her debt. An apparent bank
,uptcy abroad. the accumulation within
of the true wealth, that Of the lnstru'
ments of work and the instruments 81
life-such has been the policy of the
Reich republic. and we cannot help adj
miring such a bold, such a gigantic
operation conducted with so muci
method.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

N the negotiations the admirable poisc
and steady purpose of Secretary
Hughes and the courteous and oarnest
spirit OF cooperation which has char
acterized the conduct OF the delegates,
there arc two principal causes which
have combined to promote the results
OF the conference.
The first is the method of discussing
international business. commended if
not devised by the resident Of the
United States. which has controlled
the selection Of the nations invited to
this conference and the procedure
which it has followed
Only those nations were invited to
attend who were vitality concerned
with or substantially affected by the
matters TO be discussed. and these
were restricted to definite minimum.
The delegates were therefore engaged
theoretically at least, in transacting
their own business and not in rcgulat-
ing the affairs of other nations.
Hence. with only the slightest cxcep-
ton, the idea Of super government
was absolutely excluded The cxcep-
ton, however. acccntuates the impor-
tance of the method
Land armament and the question of
submarine allotments were clearly be-
yond the scope OF this conference. for
the reason that the nations interested
in these matters were not all there
The attempt to touch upon these OK
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
the present moment to revive.
Voluntary notation
Policy by L. S. Big Aid

Policy by U. S. Big Aid
The other chief cause Of the con-
cluslons reached by the conference was
the policy of voluntary remuneration
pursued by the United States
This was dramatically staged al the
first plcnary session Of the conference
in the proposal to scrap thirty capital
ships and to accept a naval holiday Of
ten years duration. 1t was the pivot
about which all the subsequent pro-
ceedings of the conference turned.
After that clear renunciation Of
primacy on the sea, which vas already
easily in the grasp of the United
States, the beneaciaries of this act
Of American self-abnegation could not
afford to let the, conference fail; but
neither could the United States, for
that would have been paying the price
without procuring that for which it
was offered for tho success of the
conference.
The fundamental thing we have to
consider in passing judgment upon
this conference is this policy Of
remuneration OF force, which is the
feature tina. distinguishes it from
other conferences. 1t cannot be over
looked that in this we arc abandoning
the past. Wo have in these treaties
not only renounced q primacy in CAPT
tai ships which we could, if we 80 de-
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

Labor leaders, however, and from
Labor's present. parliamentary record.
it may be gathered that 1t would be
unwise to expect immediate and dras-
tic changes in the event Of Labor
governments coming to power.
Ono thing, however, is certain; tho
powers Of tho House of Lords would
be further curtailed, if, indeed, that
body were not abolished. The idea that
Labor government would do away
with titles Of nobility, however, or that
it would even refrain from creating
any new knights or peers, is fantastic.
Nor Is it probable that any immediate
and sweeping changes in the admins
trative structure of government would
be inaugurated. In other words, one
need not look for Sheffield ex-puddler
to become ambassador at Washington
or for the secretary of the Lambeth
Labor Council to be created Gentleman
Usher of the Black Rod to tho King.
There would be chanReI, of course, but
they would be gradual and done in
such manner that tho inherent con-
servatism Of the British pcoplc (for
much of British labor is conservative,
not to say reactionary) would not be
too violently offended.
Then, beyond doubt, one might look
fc; even heavier taxes than at
present prevail on unearnod income,
and on accumulated wealth (the latter
being merely the old capital levy with
its teeth drawn so far as invested
capital is concerned), and for period
of experimental social legislation, with
such items as education, old age and
unemployment pensions stressed. The
theory Of naturalization of importan mt
industries might be tackled.
In foreign affairs Labor govern
ment would be frankly anti-imperial-
istic. and The principle Of self -determi-
nation would probably be extended to
India and Egypt on a much greater
scale than has prevailed hitherto. But
that Is too far in the future for profit
ablc speculation as 20 its probable re-
sul.s. 1t might be worth while to mca-
ton. in passing, that British Labor
has been traditionally friendly to the
United States, and that it would do all
in its power to keep tho peace among
the English speaking peoples.
Nor is it likely that Labor gov
ernment would wish to do awav with
tho institution. Of monarchy. In. this,
as in many other matters, It would be
faced by the undoubted fact that il
Labor proved too .inconoclastic tho
other parties would sink their differ
ences and form coalition to sweep 1t
from power. And while it is con-
ceivablc that in a few years Labor
might come into power, there is no
doubt that for long time to come
it could not hope to defeat all other
British political parties combined.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
Confidenceinisonor
of Other Nations
Takes Place
Of Force

fortfcation of base in that region,
and without such bases \ naval var
could not be effectively carried on.
Value OF Treaties Depends
Upon Nations Good VIII
This definition Of the policy under
lying these treaties IS not here m
tended as al argument against tacfn.
Although il would be Interesting. il ia
impossible IN this article to exam ne
in what respect each one of the
treaties signed at Washington involvee
or confirms the definition OF The policy
that undcrlics them and upon waicn
they have been constructed It If. in
every instance, tnat policy which caief
ly commends them as cngagemcnts o.
peace and for the avoidance or var
If 1t were not for the confidence the-
assume in the good will and sense Of
justice Of all the gnatories it would
be difficult 10 con idcr them as adding
to security, for they depend mainly
upon these qualities. and net upon the
force for which they are a substitute,
for their eventual execution.
For this reason it is desirable tsat
the treaties should. Individually. 70
| ceive something more than a mere.y
formal exposition and uncritical ar
proval. It is to be hoped. therefore.
that they will not pass without crl.ica
examination and debate. j. ia for tho
people and the Senate, after clos
scrutiny Of their contents and a care
ful analysis Of the obligations they In.
pose, to approve or to disapprove. IN
general and in detail, all Of these
treaties now before the nation, for =
should be clear precisely to what the
country is to be committed.
1t is in the public interest aud It i
due to the earnos. endeavors Of the
negotiators that the advantages Of
these treaties should he well under
stood. and that the disadvantages. e
there were any, should be pointed on.
before they become final engagements.
it is earnestly to be hoped that never
again shall we witness paid or a
partisan propaganda TO coorce the calm
judgment of the Senate regarding
questions Of foreign policy by the
urgency Of emotional appeals or tn
interests o. rival politicians.
SO far-reach:ng are the engagements
Of these treaties, so solemn are the
pledges given. SO magnanimous har
been the course OF the United States
in proposing this policy Of renuncia-
tion. that d violation Of the solemn
agreements here made would assume IL
sngularly perfidious character. Y
friendship SO trustful as this confcr-
ence processes. if its eanctity were
repudiated by any power. would b-
transformed INTO an occasion Of wrath
so vehement that = is almost terrifying
TO imagine ii.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

pcl;cy of Renuncia-
,;on of Force Is
Primary Achieve
ment OF Parlcv
Bv David Jayne Hill

WASHINGTON, February 10.
ur conference az Washington
III COR the limitation of armament
has terminated it's labors and
J. .s results seem TO meet with
.-sesp-ead satisfaction.
r., tine has not yet arrived to csti-
r,,e with accuracy the precise value
/. ,sc engagements made at Washing
.. Like all other international COM
....s these have still TO be tested by
~,sr,ence. sud the history OF treaties
.n.pels the conclusion that 1t is in
70 realm Of execution rather than in
;.e process Of engagement tnat their
.se.ulness must be determined.
While. therefore. it is bu. Just TO
> '.,eord TO the eminent statesmen who
ave brought shout these present un-
derstsndires the high praise which
t5eir efforts undoubtedly deserve. and
Sting tina. we should as people CON
rratulate them and ourselves upon the
conviction Of the negotiations, It is
not in the interest Of future cndeavors
o. similar character q necessity for
vhich is certain TO arise to cxagger-
ste the achievements Of this confer
.nce or TO represent them as phcnom-
ersl ard altogether unprecedented
There are many wrongs yet 70 be
rrhted. many aspirations yet to be
fulfilled and many new adjustments to
10 made before the labors Of such con-
ferences as this Will be fully com
sle.ea 7. is enough praise FOR this
ore to be able conscientiously to say
mat +. opens rev way and offers a
rev hope.
i, Before any one undertakes to pass
Judgment upon it he should in all fair
ress stop lorg enough to reflect what
would be the situation in the Pacific
and the Far East If this conference had
.s.ot been convened
, Writing 10 Patrick Henry. at the
dose Of the Constitutional Convention
l7s7. Washington said; "The con-
rention has been looked up to by the
rejecting part Of the community with
a solici;ade which is hardly to be con-
a,yei, and if nothing had been agreed
- By that tody anarchy would soon
rave ensaeG