davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world., 1922-04-01
BY JOHN p. FREY.

An understanding of the concep-
tons which influence q court Of
equity to issue labor Injunction re-
quires some consideration of the the
spries which have gradually been de-
veloped by the judicialy = 1872 ,.<>
The fact that there were no prece-
dents to guide them lin issuing such
injunctions, compelled our American
courts Of equity to announce and de-
vefop some theory which would
seemingly supply reason. for the
issuing of such injunctions, even
though it did not justify them. xs4< <:
Courts Of equity exist partly to
protect property from .irreparable;
injury when there is no adequate
remedy at~law. With this as q foun-
dation, number of american courts
evolved the judicial theory that bus
mess was property and that an irre-
parable injury to this business justi-
fled the court in issuing injunctions.
In direct connection with this con-
ception there developed the theory
that the employer had property
right in the patronage OF. those who
purchased his wares. and, I'm addition,
a property right in the labor: that is
to say in the services Of his. employees.
The distinctions between what con-
stitutes property, business and per-
sonal rights are not difficult to ,un-
derstand. They are clearly defined
both, in our ordinary language and in
the provisions and phraseology of
the law. . ~
Business is not property! Rleiness
is the energy, activity, and method!
The labor world., 1922-04-01
P|CTURE>TRuST:
TO HELP C. 0. P.
Movie Magnates Sit in With
Republican Leaders; to .
Spread Propaganda.

The country is to be flooded with
propaganda through the moving pic
ture trust and in behalf of the Re-
publican party. That declaration is
made by Chairman Rouse Of the
Democratic Congressional committee
in the following statement issued
this week.,
Recently there was a luncheon at
the Raleigh hotel in this city at
which a number Of Republicans who
expect to be candidates at the fall
election and several managers of the
motion picture industry were pres
ent. At this luncheon it was pictured
in glowing colors the things that
could mad would be done for the Re-
publican party by using the big NOV
ing picture trust to flood the toun-
try with propaganda helpful to the
Republicans.'
"The Democratic organization in
charge of the congressional elections
desire to take this means of notify
ing Democrats everywhere Of this
declared intention,"
~ do, not be ievasth snnen who own
the controlling stock in the motion
picture industry will cOuntenance this
plan. In the first place, they have
too much sense to jeopardize the
success of their business, and, in the
second place, believe most of them
are Democrats. Even the Republican
theatrical men know that everything
shown on the screen in recent
months connected with the present
administration has been unpopular.
Every theatergoer comments on this
Before this procedure is allowed to
start, it would be we'll for the heads
OF the moving picture business to re-
fleet, and to ask themselves if they
can afford~to go into politics at this
time"
MY own belief is that the movies
should and do play a great part in
the education of the young and de-
velop good sentiment, but they will
fail in this great mission and fail
from a business standpoint unless
they do two things-keep clean and
keep out Of politics.
The labor world., 1922-04-01
ALL union COAL
MINERS TO QUIT
WoRK::T0MoRR0W
President Lewis Practically
Gives Up Hope Of Confer
ence With Coal Operators.

Telegraphic orders precipitating
what promises to be the greatest in
dustrial tie-up in history were to
have been sent out yesterday from
the offices Of the United Mine Work.
ers of America at Indianapolis. The
orders will become effective xat mid
night and it is expected that 500, 900
coal miners will drop their tools.
President John l.. Lewis lays
emphasis on the point that he is not
calling strike. 1T is but a suspen-
sion of work in the absence of a
working agreement he says.
Several strong forces are at work
today in an effort to head off the
big battle. Senator Borah, chair
man of the senate committee on
labor and education, has rendered
his good services and is willing to
make an attempt to bring tlIesoper-
ators and the miners" tegether:
Then the big church organizations
are busy, both Catholic and Protest
ant are working together in behalf
Of conciliation.
1t is said that the administration
is planning to permit coal from Eng
land to be sent to America, to be
shipped as ballast on shipping. board
vessels. The officers Of the Inter-
national Association Of Longshore-
men announce that the $4,000 union
dock workers will not unload British
coal if it is brought here.
The union expects considera BILE
support FROM the 100000 unorgan-
lied miners. Illinois miners had
been trying to get q separate agree
ment, but they too will now walk out
with the other men.
However, there are forces working
that have not given up hope of a
settlement before midnight. They
are endeavoring to induce the oper-
ators to- agree to conference. That
may happen.
The labor world., 1922-04-01
old SCHEME TO =
DIVIDE ] |I|'|!I | ! Fl MINERS ] !
#..s'p- svRRT ~
Coal Owners Long to Smash
/ Miners Union; Wage Cut
i But SubteItuge. ..

New York, March 30.-Behind the
coal owners claim 4hat wages must
be reduced, looms their longing to
smash the miners union.
The coal owners first move was
"a refusal to arrange for the usual
conference of. central competitive
field representatives. This field con-
sists of western Pennsylvania, Ohio,
Indiana and Illinois and is the key
field for wage negotiations of all
soft coal districts. ..
For "a years the central competi-
tive field miners and coal owners
have met, in conference. Now this is
to. be changed, and the coal owners
refuse to meet the miners, though
the agreement between the two par
ties specifically calls for this meet
ing. =
The purpose, of the coal owners
istshown by F. C: Honnold, secretary
treasurer Of the Illinois coal opera
tors association, who makes this
statement in a local newspaper:
Another development Of organ
lied labor during the past few years
that is subject to serious question as
to it's sdesirability with respect, to
public welfare Is the growing ten
dency to demand negotiations in
large and larger units. q ,.r>
Without exception each of the
separate districts heretofore partici-
pating in the. so o-called central COM
petitive field conference have ex-
pressed entire willingness to nego-
tiate with the miners in their own
state or district but Mr. Lewis is not
content with such procedure"
This new attitude Of the coal own
ers is a typical nati-union shop move
by the frenzied financiers, who now
manipulate the coal industry and who
have crowded out the old-time coal
owner who, dealt with the union.
The labor world., 1922-04-01
RAlL LR||oADS :H0L D
ship! 81 CONTRACTS ! ! ! /. |'R|'|'A
. Great Northern and Milwaukee
Roads Refuse 70 Cancel 7. !.
=: Agreements win Japs.

Washington April 1.-The Great
Northern and the Chicago, Milwau-
kee: g. St. Paul railroads refuse to
cancel their contracts with Japanese
ship owners, wherein the. railroads
pledge: to boycott American vessels
and forward their. freight In the Japs'
ships, = '%zcS':J 81 s:Jt, u. =.
T. These patriotic railroad managers
want the e5government to guarantee
them an equally. good business prop
Psition:, ,as their boycott on American
vessels amount to-, * IT, - :
/, Ever since. United States Senator
Ransdel{s1aa public the number, of
railroads that are parties to- these
boycott contracts, the United: States
shipping board has, tried to- secure
their annullment. !. :; ..-.-' u .
Several conferences: have been held
fwith Representatives Of the two
northwestern roads. but these mana
gers decline to.act, unless they are
assured as favorable contract. Gov
ernme ent: officials refuse to make any
guarantee, and the shipping board
announces: - =. ...... Z. -
The board requires complete can
cellation:.of all contracts, failing to
realize these cancellations, by July,
the board will take such steps as it
deems necessary Il. to enforce; it's
views" .-,. 80: : ~ .,r,.- u,.-:5,>
Aiding the railroads is the Seattle
chamber Of commerce which fears
that the Japs will move to Vancou-
YER. British Columbia, if the con-
tracts are cancelled. -: ~ :. " ::
The labor world., 1922-04-01

by which men dispose OF property
for profit. Labor is not property!
Labor is the service which. one man
gives to another for, wages, or: the
energy which is applied by man to
create something for. his personal
use or for sale to others. Labor is a
personal attribute; it is only the re-
suits Of labor which can become
property. INK '> - = =
The essential distinction between
business and property is clear. def
mite and impossible of misconstruc-
tion., 49, :, : sal-. ' t@
An illustration is afforded by the
retail dealer . 'the building in
which his store is located is property.
To convert his property into profits.
the property owner must engage in
business So that he mary sell, his
goods to others - to those who
come into the store Pm u ~
It is evident that the storekeeper
has no property right in the person
who enters the store: to- purchase
even though the customer, may havS
dealt with him for years.
II Should an old customer be enticed
to another dealer because sof more
favorable prices. or any sother cons
'sideration-what has taken place? !?
The original store keeper still owns
his property has not been de-.
:str0yed 4 or }irreparab1y injured II
that has occurred siss q loss of profit
failure to mt IKE certain sales.
The law does not provide, nor
could # guaranteesa profits to every
owneraof property. or guarantee cuskk
The labor world., 1922-04-01

lOHSIS TO every one VINO desired 10
sell goods. All the law can guarantee
is the right to sell goods. If for any
reason others are unwilling to buy
these goods; the law cannot compel
them to become purchasers. n-.- d
The employers plant, the machin-
cry in 1T. and the finished product in
the: store room are property. ? His
business consists Of his efforts to dis
pose Of his property at q profit. The
property Is properly protected by law
from injury or destruction, but it
would be inconsistent and absurd, as
well<as contrary to the law. to assert
that this property \ ownership of
buildings, material and finished prod
uct carried with it any property right
in those who. produced or purchased
the finished product. II such property
right existed in the producer or GUS
toner, the courts would be Justified,
through injunctions, IN; restraining
anyone from injuring such property:
that is, in offering or giving employ
ment to: someone already IN 'anotnerss
employ, or I'm selling goods to pur-
chasers to the business injury OF the
manufacturer or merchant who had
originally supplied these individuals.
No law. and no court. would at
tempt to compel any one to buy
goods from q certain firm because
.thei rtransfer Of patronage to an
other would sinjure the business of
The labor world., 1922-04-01

the Associated Press statements, the
Associated Press making them on its
own responsibility. In this way they
We're Of more convincing effect than
had they been qualified with the in
reference Of partisanship."
Huddleston Is Wise. =
Congressman Huddleston, speak,
Ing before the committee, said:
when see newspaper publish
an expensive advertisement today in
behalf Of selfish Interest and come
forward tomorrow with an editorial
calling attention to it and backing it
up, it is pretty hard for me to think
it. is entirely innocent -
Following is a, sample Of the, ':buy
now" propaganda which has been
widely used by. the. coal operators to
maintain prices and to manipulate
the economic situation to their own
advantage in times Of labor contro-
versy: = "
"All users of coal should stock up
on this commodity early in the sea-
son; and where it is possible to do
so; it will be wise for users of coal to
stock up until June l, 1922. The
reason for this is that a miners. set
tlement to, be made at that time,
and the. lack Of transportation, to-
gether with the uncertainty caused
by the miners settlement, will, no
doubt, bring about: an unusual de-
rnand for coal the latter part of 1921
and at the beginning Of 1922. The
buyer who takes advantage Of the
market during the first. half of 1921
will be- wise."
In addition to purchasing space in
newspapers in the hope of controll-
Ing editorial policy in favor of the
coal operators, it is an. apparently
settled policy on the part Of the Ma
tional Coal association that. all Its
members shall keep in touch with
as many newspapermen. as possible.
The method and purpose Of this pro-
gram is illustrated by the following
statement Of the chairman of the
educational committee of the Ma
tional Coal association, which was
published in the hearings before. the
committee on manufactures: Of the
U: S. senate:
= Il know today in the state of Illi-
nois, probably Is or 20 editors of
local newspapers. after our last di->
rectors' meeting, in Chicago. was
able through my personal acquaint-
anceship and friendship with Mr..
to be very serious on anybody. The
Melville Stone, of the, Associated
Press, to get his assistance in >Chica-
60; I called him W. while we were
holding our meeting; told him what
we were doing, and asked him, AS a
matter of favor. will you. send out
three or four hundred words by mail
to be released at a: certain. date to
every daily throughout the. United
States taking Associated. Press serv-
ice.?' He agreed to do SO: I do not
believe there is q man in this room
who does not know one or two news
papermen;t and who can not enlist
their personal following and !: be-
neve we will get results from it."
The labor world., 1922-04-01
ROAD GUARANTEE
T|ME.:hAS ENDED
Section Of Esch- -Cun|mins' lct
Substituting Roads Expires,
still Are Pfotected, :,

Washington, April 1.-The section
OF the Cummins-Esch act, which
guaranteed returns to railroads, ex-
p1red. on March 1. This guarantee
called for 5k per cent return and
an additional one-half Of 1 per cent
for improvements. :
Under the act his guarantee is re-
placed by another provision which
requires the interstate commerce
commission to make rates that will
give railroads reasonable return on
the value of their property.
The only difference between the
two provisions is that under the
section that has just. expired the
commission was specifically author
lied to limit railroad returns to 5k
per cent. Under the section now ef-
fective the returns are not defined. ;.
but the commission must make rates
that will make reasonable return
possible.
The labor world., 1922-04-01
LUMBER bARoNS
!. ( KEEP / |:.P j PRICES ! ! !: |; Up
h: !: And CUT ! | WAGES W|.||l
Production Reported Nearly
Normal on Coast; Labor
Victim. Of Open Shop

- Seattle, March 30.-Lumber ba-
rons have. forced wages down and
prices up, forced the small dealer
out of business. sought to control
Legislative bodies and have develop
ed the; art Of lodging taxes that has
not j. been acquired by any other
group of exploiters,, says Harry W..
Call of the International Union of
Timber Workers. ! ~, - .'>-.
= The unionist shows that wages
have been cut 40 to so per cent. In
some cases the present low wage is
paid for a nine or 10-hour day,
whereas in 1920 the higher rate was
paid for an eight-houra day. -
'As q result of extended shut
downs they have practically para
lyzed the industry, but the price Of
lumber has gone up by leaps and
bounds: Comparing the Wholesale
prices; carload lots T. O. b. mill,
quoted officially by the lumber own
ers on Augustsi1,' 1922. on IL main
items Seef lumber with the same -
itemssin their report Of January IS,
1922, SHOWS an average price in
crease Of 1896 per thousand. or
over 20 per cent increase.
as''The daily papers and the official
journals of the lumber owners are
now pointing out that production in
this industry is nearly normal, that
the market is good and prices bet
ter However, they stillSclaim they
are losing money. With a 20 per
cent Increase in the price Of II main
items of lumber and, with a de-
crease in wages OF from 4O: to so per
cent, this claim Of losing money does
not sound Just right. -
The labor world., 1922-04-01
HOOPER 1akES POSITION
on SIDE OF RAILROADS

Vice Chairman Hooper Of the rail-
road labor board has decided against
shop employes who insist that :r1fl-
roads that violated the Cummins-
Esch act have no standing before
the board and that the wage de
mands Of these roads should not be
considered. .zS \, ls fs.@S 85
H The Erie, the Indiana Harbor belt
and the New York Central railroads
are involved. They have contracted
their repair work and the coasfac-
tors are paying lower wages fhan
] the scale set for railroad shop men
EbV the board. I:;s :
The labor world., 1922-04-01

rlSnt In, the services OF those he em-
pfoys. The only property right which
one man ever had In another mans
services-his 5labor-Was when some
men were masters and others slaves.
If. the employer had a property
right that is an ownership, ins the
labor; or" service Of his employees, he
would necessarily have to enjoy an
ownership in the laborer. 4 a..s. s.as.9 ..
] There is definite distinction
which we must have in mind in con-
nection with the labor Of an employe:
The product of the employees labor
is the employers property, but the
seryices--the labor-ofs the employe
is an entirely separate factor. 5 The
product OF labor is. material, which
is bought. sold or destroyed by the
owner. while the producer Is q. hu-
8man being and a. free man in whom
no n one can hold q property right.
A mans power to labor is a part
OF htmself-its cannot be- separated
from the Individual the q form OF
service whether mental or physical
or both. can. make no Inference. The
employer may pay wages to- men
whose labor isI wholly mental, the
result OF their mental work being
the creation OF something material
which becomes the employers rrop-
eftyS but the EN- loyer's ownsrstllps
sbf this property does mot imply or
create any i ownership Of the emsss \
ployeesn milne 8 NJ s the employs owns
6lvr aSSJ1a ~ n, = ~. =.
The labor world., 1922-04-01

~s~~~@ 80 k>OssOAs~A~s sAAA~A ~ .SAAWSA
pect friendship to follow the adv
! In Effect For Many Years.
The mine owners publicity policy
has been in effect for many years
and, doubtless will rule through the
strike if one takes place in April as
the result. Of mine owners breach Of
agreement. -. nfsr. =
Coal mine owners contribute one
mill per ton to the fund for publicity;
and in the effort to subsidize the
press. ~ g.
= Complete information about tho
publicity methods Of the Nattonal
Coal association is contained in the
report: of the hearings before the
Committee on Manufacturers of the
U. S. senate. in 1921. Following
are a few quotations from the pro-
ceedings of one Of the meetings of
the National Coal association: v
Mr.. A. M. Ogle says !, &t.
t, I'VE know from our experience
that you get results from paid ad-
vertising: 1t is, not: guesswork, it is
not surmise. it is positive knowledge
that we have gained from the: ex-
perience that we have had, in the
changed attitude Of your newspapers
We are contributing: theyaknow it,
and they reciprocate, just as you
reciprocate to the people with whom
you do business where it is mutually
profitable"
People Paid For It.
Mr.. Bockus says: = =
AT 5 per>cen increase in the SELL
ing price don't believe it is going
to be vehry serious on anybody. The
trouble with us. is that we operators
are always trying to pare down our
bills. think that the operators
should regard. this as part OF their
selling expense and increase it only
5 per cent and then they: would not
take it very Seriously -. -.
Mr.. Barker says; y - s,s,. s -. 4 ~ ?. ?.
{ II am convinced if W. want help
full publicity, If We want useful, ar
ticles writtensit viii be to our ad-
vantage to patronize those mediums
from whom we are asking those
favors, if we can do it with profit
to ourselves we ought to do it. etc"
Mr. Brewster says: =, -.
4 saw an example CT the benefit
of this particular publicity, which
has Just taken place. The matter that
Mr.. Peabody had sent out by: the
Associated Press appeared in the St.
Louis papers, and each one of, the
papers wrote an editorial on it,. The
next day after those. editorials ap-
peared, five contracts were delivered
to. our office which had been hang
ing fire. -.
Was the "a. r." Fixed?. I.
The director of publicity wrote the
following to Mr.. Jenkins, vice presi-
dent Of the Hutchinson Coal COM
pany: w.. :.
!. 1T is not straining the fact---and
this is impaired, in the utmost con-
fldence-to, say that the Associated
Press, preceding the meeting, in
which emphasis was made Of the
TACT that unreasonable prices have
not generally prevailed: throughout
the coal shortage. emergency, and in
which stress was also laid upon the
matter OF inadequate car supply at
the mines during the coal shortage,
with its relation to the whole situa-
ton, was to a very. large extent the
Word-for- word product of the. pub
llcity department. The great advant-
age of this report, from the opera
tors viewpoint, lay in the fact that
the National Coal association no.
where was quoted as authority, for
The labor world., 1922-04-01
RAISE CONVICTS, PAY.

The New York legislature has
passed a bill which authorizes the
state superintendent of prisons, with
the approval$of the governor. to es-
,tablish a system Of compensation
for prison labor. Now the convicts
are paid only few cents day for
their work, =. y
The labor world., 1922-04-01
VOLUNTARY STAGE CENSOR.

TO eliminate political censorship
Of the stage, a voluntary jury sys-
tenn has been launched by dramat-
lists, managers, producers. actors and
vice crusaders at meeting in New
York. A jury will pc drawn from a
panel of. 800 persons, whose chief
qualifications shall be ''good citizen
ship and common sense" s
The labor world., 1922-04-01
SHIP SubSIDY|S IS BOLD SCHEME
TO PLUNDER PUBLIC TREASURY
Would Give Ship Magnaes u s. Vessels For IS Years For
kothng in the Meantime They'd Get Subsidy and TaxEx-
emption Door to Favoism Thrown Wide Open.
BY CHESTER M. WRIGHT.
international Labor News Service.

Washington, D. c., March 30-f the Jones ship subsidy bill
becomes law will be possible for firms persons approved
the States Shipping Board to shipping board vessels and
them for IS without making any payment them
the and the drawing subsidy
for their operation and getting income exemption the
The labor world., 1922-04-01
COAL. OUTPUT 1NCREasEs

COAL. OUTPUT INCREASES
Stimulated by the possibility, of a
coal strike, bituminous production is
climbing to levels never surpassed
except during the peak Of the: war
boom, according to the United States
geological survey. r. :
The labor world., 1922-04-01
MEIA0Dsys[l OPERATORS !! ]
1ocoNTRd RESs REVEALED

By international Labor New. Service.

Washington, D. c. March 30.-How mine owners have en-
deavored to subdze the world graphically
their words and Be excellent of their
policies Their plan to know intimately many nevvspape
possible and heavily as possible and ex
pect friendship to follow the advertising contract -.
The labor world., 1922-04-01
ERIE 0ADLEASES SH0PSTo
! new Jersey STABLE CLEANER
Hypocrisy Of Famng0ut Policy Of Railroads Exposed; Dem
onstrates Clearly natweot Scheme Employed 10 Take
From Employees Rights Guaranteed BY Law.
FIVE T !! !. CENTS. G !. ! /
BY Charles M. kelley.

When the United States Railroad Labor Board undertakes
an investigation into the farming policy of the railroad
Is OF 'ts shops and portions Of its
work 70 dummy contractors costus payment plan it will
discover a m situation F = VS.
The labor world., 1922-04-01

|. ..xContinlied I On Z, page 2.1