davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

* lV"s
However, the referees decision
stands. Wilson was accorded the
title, and he battled O'Dowd again
this tine in Madison Square
Garden. 1t was the same story, a
close decision with many low
blows sent O'Dowd's way.
Wilson fought Bryan Downey
twice. In Cleveland a year ago
last July he was awarded a winner
on a foul in seven rounds. Jimmy
Gardner, former star middleweight,
was the official, and open charges
Of unfairness were made. 1t was
said that Dowhey was entitled to
the decision, and the Ohio State
boxing commission so recognized
him.
Tex Rickard brought the two
semi-champions together at Jersey
City two months later, and their
twelve rounds Of mauling disgusted
everybody who saw them In action.
The New Jersey commission re-
1uested Rickard to hold up Wilson's
Guaranteed $4,000, which was
lone,
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
Runs Out on Greb.

A FTER some time had passed
n Richard agreed TO pay VIII
"A son his money II he would
defend his title against the chal-
,lenger, Harry Greb, in Madison
Square Garden. Wilson agreed,
signed the papers, and then re-
fused TO go through with the match.
The New York State boxing
commission then stepped in and
suspended Wilson. 1t was ruled
that his claims to the title were null
and void, ETC., etc. Dave Rosen-
berg, Of Brooklyn, was awarded
the vacated title by Chairman Billy
Muldoon. He defended it recently
against Phil Krug in a slow, tame
affair at the New York Velodrome.
Greb had challenged Wilson for
a title clash in New York. and 1t
was Wilson's slowness to answer
that challenge that caused his sus-
pension. Fight Greb or forfeit
your claims to the title" was the
ultimatum given Wilson. Before
anything could happen Greb won
the light heavyweight crown and
promptly forfeited his claims TO
the 'middleweight title to RoSen-
berg. TIE Brooklyn man had chal-
lenged Greb, but the Pittsburgher
didn't seem to care much about
facing him.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
Mike Was Popular.

vYTHILE he was the recog-
" nized champion among
w the middleweights, Mike
O'Dowd was extremely popular
with the followers Of the game.
His aggressiveness was enough to
assure this, even though it had
not been that he was the one
ring champion of them all who
saw active service with the A. E.
F. 0'Dowd was no instructor at
training camps. He went over
seas with an engineer regiment.
Accordingly there was great grief
when Johnny Wilson, an un-
known, took away his champion
ship after Mike returned from
France.
A victory for o'Dowd now
over Rosenberg, who is the New
York State boxing commissions 3
announced champion, would 20
far toward clearing up a bad
situation. Wilson's unwillingness
to defend his title anywhere at
any time has soured the ring
fans on him. They might have
backed him even against the New
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

The Yankee play ers are more con.
fident and cocky. They don't see
how they can lose and today they
put worry behind them and began
to lay their plans for the world
series. That's how they feel about
II. However. they will not relax
their vigilance until the cold figures
eonsign the Browns to the grave
yard Of baseball hope.
The Yankees now have to win
only two OF their remaining six
games to insure themselves against
defeat. They could be tied by the
Browns II they lost four of the six
and st. Louis won the five remain
ing games on the schedule OF the
Browns. To put II another way. the
Yankees can get no worse than tie
II they win the two remaining gam"s
here and lose the last four in Boston
and Washington.
Both teams lay off the first three
days of next week. II the Browns
still trail, then by three and a half
games, the race will practically be
over, as the Yanks would then have
to lose their last four games and the
Browns win their three to tie.
In that event, the championship
would be settled by . play-On OF
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

Sheely. doubling Goslin. who had
started for thi; a.
Mostils four.bagger into the left
field bleaChers in the eighth Clinched
the matinee for the Southsiders.
Johnny's bat was busy during tho
matinee, for II accounted tor four OF
the six Chicago markers.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
WLADEK ZBYSZKo FACES
CLIFF BlNCKLEY OCT. q

NEW YORK. Sept. 23.-Inability
Of Wladek Zbyszkc to arrive here
in time to train properly for his i'm
portant match with Cliff Blnckley,
;he middle West champion, bias ne
cessitated a postponcment of the
opening wrestling show Of the sea.
son, scheduled at the Pho leer Ath.
letic Club, on East Twenty-fourth
street. The new date has been def
!nitely set for Wednesday night,
October 4.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

York commissions ruling were
il not for his own actions.
0'Dowd, when he held the
title, appeared frequently in the
ring, being much like Benny
Leonard in this respect. He fear
ed no foes. He would be the
ideal champion for the New York
authorities to recognize.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
WASHINGTON CIVILIANS
LOSE TO BALTIMOREANS

Washington Civilians established a
Colfing record in Baltimore ycster-
day when they failed to register a
single point against Baltimore Civi.
.ans, who gained 216 points. VIII
liam Cllman, of the locals, made a "a.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
DoMINIcANS TO PLAY
KNICKEReockER CLUE

4, The Dominican Lyceum and
Knickerbocker baseball teams vii.
clash at Washington Barracks to.
morrow at 3 p. m. In the deciding
game OF n three.game series begun
early In the season.
Mlcky Mcconnell will hurl for
Dominican Lyceufn and will be op
posed by either Ross Fisher. jeff
Smith or Tom Bruffy.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

building blocks and rough-shOd
concrete confetti are barred when
HYPNOT1SM gets on its gang.
rule.
In HYPNOTISM' one-armed
Greek lunChroom where all Of the
leading burglars meet at midnight
to count their haul, nothing eX-
cept aluminium salt and pepper
shakers are allowed.
This ordinance Is observed to
maintain n maximum of marks
manship and a minimum Of maim-
ing. When the cash customers
get to playfully tossing .he
utensils at each other the ambu.
lance doesn't have much work t.
do, for aluminium never hurt any.
body when thrown in a friendly
way.
instead Of the waiter asking you
what you'll have, you take what
you can get. Stranger once had
timerity to ask for pineapple pic
and got thrown out on his neck
lot DtlnB 100 particular.
Why, the counterman didn't
even know what kind OF ice cream
was in which freezer. You simply
ask for ice cream and take what
you get.
II the order happens to turn ont
ruaHt. t.beef.hash, why, that's your
hard luck. ,!ave to keep IN
ordering until you get what you
want
Sign on restaurant wall reads
"IF WE PLEASE YOU. IT'S AN
ACCIDENT. If WE DON'T. co
SOMEWHERE ELSEw
No. sir. they don't mince words
nor courtesy in HYPNOTISM' s
Apache hotel. II you don't see
what suits you on the cafeteria
counter, look on the floor. perhaps
you'll find II there.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
LOOKING 'EM OVER
By LOUIS A. BOUCHER
O'DOWD HAS FINE CHANCE

IKE O'DOWD worlds middleweight champion,
M settle more or less unsatisfactory situation he VII put
night Brooklyn postponed October Rosenberg the
New York State boxing commissions middeweght champion
of the world Though Johnny Wilson
shman decision, the latter claimed he
ouled and believed him. Wilson's hardest blows land
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
Home Run Hitters Yesterday.
American League.
COLUMBIA NOW EVEN IN
RACE FOR CLUB HONORS

Columbia Country Club and Chevy
Chase are tied with fifty points each
H. the race for club honors. The 60.
lumbia players won twelve points 10
six for Chevy Chase yesterday.
On October Columbia meets
Bannockburn and Washing on plays
Chevy Chase In the deciding engage.
ments.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
JOHNSON PITCHES
TODAY AGAINST PALE HOSE
By HAROLD +. JOHNSON.

CHICAGO, Sept 23Havng busted off of their OBJ
sabbng jinxes Mr. Jezebel Zachary,
Comiskey Park the White
Sox confidently prmed for another victory their second
with the Gmen here this afternoon Jezebe- Tecumseh
of the lefhanded beavers from the Capital has
considerable this
them another yesterday but for the home shots
by Harry and Johnny Mostil
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
YANKEES STEAL UP CLOSE
TOTAG ANOTHER PENNANT
BY SID MERCER.
ny Cosmopolitan News Service.

CLEVELAND, Ohio Sept. 2S-With their convincing victory
the Indians slipped close
old George Moral Certainty that he will probably be tagged here
the next two days for another pennant.
hoarse heard all the
from st. Louis Yanks choke off their mathemat
cal chances is all shouting Col Til Huston when
interviewed here last night declined claim the pennant but In
umad that he would almost day to learn
that the Yanks
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
Euclid Meets War.

Euclid and War Department
players meet at the tets of the
Columbia Country Club today TO
determine which team shall meet
Dumbarton for the city club title.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
By. FREDERICK G. LIEB.

There is department of vital Importance world
contender catching The lost worlds
championship through field while the hitting of
enabled White triumph
world around
the pitcher second base combination.
catching Hughie Jennings lose three straight world
always the rule but the world series
which had such Bresnahan, King Sullivan
ONei behind that usually divided
tirstm money after the last game had been played.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

New York. 9; Pittsburgh. 7.
st. Louis I: Brooklyn, g.
Chicago, rs. Philadelphia, 50.
(FIrst game IL inninsD.
Boston. TO: Cincinnati, 2-s
Today's Games.
Cincinnati at Philadelphia.
Chicago at Boston.
Pittsburgh at Brooklyn.
st. Louis at New York
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

didn't ct
well on the
public's Alb
domen. I'm
mediately a
quorum o [
. | I ! z @ n 8
O rg a n liz e i
o mi o mob
iOlence and
lro ke out
very pane
II mica In
h | $ honOrs .
S-COated
chateau.
Yes sir-an
u n M l. [ L
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

one game, as It was in 1905, when
the Cubs beat the Giants In q post.
season game for the pennant. The
Yanks are confident that the
Browns will drop one Of their re.
naming games with the Athletics.
and that will end the agony.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

The baseball business ID such that
a club cannot know its patrons in.
dividually. For that reason the
Giants and the Yankees would pre-.
fer to sell the SO tickets at the park,
and thereby make 1t absolutely i'm
possible for spectators to acquir,
the pasteboards.
The yawning vacancies in the up.
per stand last fall. however, forced
the local clubs to reserve the seats
and sell them upon applica lion
through the mail. BY that method
il is impossible to prevent specul6.
tors from getting a scattering few
tickets, but club offiC ais will work
diligently to keep the number at the
irreduCible minimum.
Each local club announces that no
world series applications will be
considered until its respective pen
nant race was decided.
II all the series is played in New
York the Giants will sell tickets for
the first. third and fifth games,
while the Yankees will handle the
pasteboards for the second, fourth
and sixth engagements. II a seventh
contest should be necessary, the
home" club will be decided by the
toss of a coin
The reserved seats will be sold
in three-game strips. $3.50 for the
IS seats and $3.50 for the SO accom-
moda tions.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
FANS COMPLAINING PRICES
FOR SERIES KEPT TOO HIGH

NEW YORK Sept a e more than little
murmurng from the had been led to expect lower
,n tb sars In prics and the o.
series on October much yelling expected from the fans
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
Says SKILLET"
Finn, Esq:
Walk Into This Hotel and
and Order Something
and Then Spend the
Rest Of Your
Life Trying
To Get
By KIRK MILLER.
By KIRK MILLER.

TT YPNOTISM. Mass. Sept. 20.
In HYPNOTISM'S mod.
IL ern home rule. nothing but
pressed bricks, cut-glass and
double-distilled cobble stone ,,re
used for rloting purposes.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

The world series nets the CiuO
owners themselves comparatively
little. and the expenses Of operating
pennant winning team Is very
great. especially in New YORK.
These facts and the high prices
asked for boxing shows seem to ar;
ford adequate excuse for the stand
OF the magnates in charging IS.
At any event. the price will not
come down as long as the traffic
will stand the strain. And that
means a long time, for New York
will pay much 70 see a champion
of any sport.
In announcing the prices the In
terested club owrers said also that
the upper stand at the Polo Grounds
would be reserved at So, the price
charged last fall. when the same
seats were unreserved.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
L-NEW YORK
WORLD s SERIES
.PRETTYCERTA|N
Yankees and Giants Are De-
oIared 'ln" on League
Races.
BY DAVIS J. WALSH.

NEW YORK. Sept. 23.-Gt seems
almost a certainty now that there
will be an al-New York series for
the worlds championship. Today
the Yankees have a lead of three
and a half games and the Giants
are in the van by four and a half
games.
The Yanks have six more games
to play and the Giants have ten
contests on the schedule. All that
the New York teams will nave to
do to clinch the pennants in their
respective leagues will be to win
half of their remaining contests,
even though the contenders, the
Browns and Pirates, win all OF
their remaining games, five and
seven. respectively.
The Pirates would have had a
chance had they been able to win
the final game from the Giants.
But the garrison ninth inning fin
ish' that the Giants made. snatching
victory from apparent defeat,
kn nocked the skids from under the
Buccaneer crew.
The Pirates task seems hopeless.
Their golden opportunity faded in
that ninth inning finish. The
Browns cannot gain on the Yanks
while the latter are winning
The Yanks have two more games
with the Indians. a series with the
Red Sox and a single contest with
the Senators. II they cannot win
the necessary three games to clinch
the pennant from these clubs then
the baseball dope IL wrong.
II the Yanks should win only three
of their remaining six games and
the Browns win all their five games
the Yanks would win by one game,
the standing then being:
Won Lost Pct.
New York .......... 95 SO .Gl7
Browns ........... % go $40
The Giants begin a series with the
Cardinals today. After that they
meet the Phillics and Braves. Tney
should have as little difficulty in
winning the necessary five games
as the Yanks will have in coping
the necessary three. II the Giants
win five OF their remaining contests
and the Pirates win all OF their seven
games the standing would be:
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

Both the Yankees and the Giants
would rather sell the upper stand
unreserved mt the gate. but the
apparent unwillingness Of the fans
10 take a chance on being able to
buy tickets caused the change.
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
big League Stars Who
Are Scrapping For
| Top Honors

Copyright. 1922. by Cosmopolitan News
ServiceD
The Washington times., 1922-09-23
Just One More

Totals. 30 2I17l Totals. 80 II 81 IL
'Batted for La Motto in the seventh
inning.
Washington .... O0OoO %
Chicago .......... , 0OIi IS
Runs-Harris ! Brewer, Lapan
Hooper (2), Collins Mostil ca. Two
base hits-MostiI ,.inpauKh Harris
Home runs-Hooper MostiI Sacrifice
hits ohnston, Falk, Goslin. Double
p!ays-Mulligan to Collins to Sheely;
Hooper to Sheelyj Harris to Judge; John
ston to Sheely. Left on bAses-WAshing-
ton, 4; Chicago, 5. First base on balls
of Zachary, 3; off Mack 3; off T. Blank
ehship. /. Shruck out-By Mack. /; by
Zachary, o. by r. Blhnkenship, l. Hits
or Mack, In 6t-S innings: off T.
pitch-zachary. winins pitcher-Mack
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

Couple Of days ago the mayor
~ coed n menactne mandate that
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

Yes sir-an
n q Ms K 1 Il
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

Snyder's fielding record also was
very good in the 1921 series, as
ne handled forty eight chances
without an erro. Snryde throws
well, hut Frank is one OF the
slow. men in baseball, and
doesnt put the fire or zip into his
work which Characterizes the play
Of the two American League
catchers, Schang and SEVERED
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

LAmpISG NE JOLLY CoAeH
WHO IN SECV A oiT OF
comep4 INTO me- ACT
AFNp me- 1hdTEH HRS
geea Hut ON NE 3ehH
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

In that event, the championship
would be settled by q play-On OF
The Washington times., 1922-09-23

But I'm the seventh Stubby
waXed careless and the Griffmen
around with startling regularity
and IL became necessary for
Gleason to derrick Mack and sub
pOeana Ted Blankenship.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
PIANI WINNER OF
MATCH CYCLE RACE
Outrides Kramer and Goulett
in Mile Heats at Newark
Velodr0me.

Orlando Piani the Italian sprinter
defeated Frank Kramer and Alfred
Goullet in three cornered match race
at the Velodrorne in Newark yesterday
afternoon. The hrst heat was the most
sensational, Goullet and Kramer riding
on even terms for first place. The swell
tering heat took lot out of these two
stars, and PianI came strong In the
next two heats and beat both. In the
second heat Goullet was the second man
over the line and Kramer third. while
In the Anal heat Kramer trailed Piani
home, with Goullet finishing third.
Kramer and Goulet rode the last one
eighth mile of the dead heat in II As
seconds. which is the fastest time made
at the Newark track this season. The
finish was a sensational one. only inches
separating Goullet and Kramer from
Piani. The latter rode from in front
in this heat. Goullet rode around him
In the home stretch. while Kramer COM
ing from third place, just managed to
finish on even terms with Goullet
Piani won the second and third heats
by coming from the rear In the second
heat he sprinted around Goullet and
Kramer on the first turn Of the last
lap, while in the third heat he went
around them on the back stretch and
won without a great deal of trouble.
Raymond Eaton easily defeated Fran
cisco Verri, Italian bike champion, in
two straight heats of a mile match
Gus Lang and Alfons Verraes won
the two mile tandem race.
Fred Spencer and Frank Bartell with
a half dozen amateurs. took a nasty
In hn haI I. ~
was won by Fred Kramer, with Roy
Mobeck of Chicago second.
The summaries:
Frank McManus, Newark; william MOI Moillcs. %
Jersey City; second. Time, I'LL %.
Fred Kramer. Newark tlo YARDS; Roy
Mobeek. Chicago go yards) second /:
Joseph Painter, New York l65 yardal
yards) fourth; Orlando Conditt, West Ho-
noken 90 yars). fifth. Time. 80 As
Two-thlrds Mile Handicap professionally
Won by Alex McBeath Us yards) Harry
kaiser n2 YARDS; second; Thomas Bello
vsra.y 600 Yards dal,r, third Lloyd TT Thomas 90
(e5 yards), fifth: Fred Taylor i35 yardsi +.
sixth; Alfred Grenda (scratch). seventh.
One Mile Match Race (ProfessionaD Ray
Inond Eaton vs. Francisco VERT won by
Eaton; first heat. won by Eaton; time.
os''' lNTl elEntn nile. y 20 EecOn0F. sec
ond heat. won by Eaton time, 3: :O3 As
last eighth mile I2 2-5 seconds
One Mile Class Il Invitation (Amuteur)-won
by George Lucadema. Royalist Cycle Club
Carl Holzwarth, Newark second Fred
Kramer, Newark. third Mike Dolan New
ark fourth; Howard Brant, Irvington,
Two Mile Tandem Open professionally
Won by Alfons Nerraes and Gus Lang
John and Menus Bedell second: William
Hanley and Jacob Magin. third Tom Relic
and Peter Drobach, fourth: Floyd Krebs
and Andrew Watts. fifth Charles Plercey
and Joseph Cosgrove, sixth. Time
4.o2 20.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
SPENDTHRIFT WINS
THE CRAIG TROPHY
Leads Motor Boats in Run Of
112 Miles Back From
Atlantic City.

Spendthrift H.. owned by Roy Halsey
of the Larchmont Yacht Club. has prob
ably won the first race for the James
Craig trophy. The race was from the
Columbia Yacht Club to Atlantic City
and return for one fleet and from At
lantic City to the Columbia Yacht Club
and return for the other fleet. 1t took
two days to make the race, 1t will not
report until the official times have been
received from Atlantic City.
The Spendthrift finished the voyage
from Atlantic City yesterday afternoon
at :26 :13. She had led the fleet down
the coast on Saturday, and it was fig
ured out that her closest rival was r.
Haslinger's Kodak. To win the race
Kodak had to cross the line at 7:04 100,
but at that time Kodak was not in
sight, neither was the other New York
boat, II. L. Jones's Mary.
The three yachts from Atlantic City
anchored Saturday night in the Hudson
River and started the run back at Z
o'clock yesterday morning. These were
j. w. Motifs Delphine, ]. ID. Elis's
Mary A. and II. N. Diesers Isabella.
They got away well and later expert
enced fine weather on the run down the
New Jersey coast.
According to telegram received at
the Columbia Yacht Club Delphine
finished at 4 4:13:17. Mary A. at 4 25 :32
and at 5 :25 100 Isabella was nowhere
In sight
The Craig trophy was originally the
James Gordon Bennett cup and was
won by James Craig In the first Ber-
muda race.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
Croden's Defeat Surprises
in A. A. U. Handball Tourney
Former Junior Champion
Loses to Clubmate.

Inc second days play in the A. A. U.
handball tournament on the courts at
Brighton Beach yesterday afternoon pro-
vlded the first upset, when Ed Groden of
trinity Club, former national Junior
champion and metropolitan doubles title
holder. was eliminated in second round
match in straight sets by James Brod-
erlck' member of the same club The
scores were 21-17, 21-14 Although
proden made close contest of the
match, his rival was never in danger.
william Sakman, former national and
metropolitan champion, was the victor
In straight sets over AL Schaen, an un-
attached player. 21--1S. Pill. Sam
Buxbaum, another contender, easily dis
posed Of Tom Lennon of the Trinity
Club. 21-6, 21--15.
Murray Vernon, New York State
champion, and Bugs" Baer will start
play this afternoon. The summarizes:
FIRST ROUND.
D. hroderick, Trinity Club, defeated Nat
Barrow. unattached. 2l-i7, 21-lo.
paXld j. Trilling. unattached, defeated III
nIndins; Cdy College OF New York. 21-17.
j. Mahoney' Edgewater Club. 21-19, 2t-l4
SECOND ROUND.
Walter. sewartz, Eastern District Y. NJ
Sor.A. e; A. >, defeated S samuel Rsrkan. City
Harry Milgram, City College OF New York
defeated John Seaman. Trinity Club, f7-2i
21--i3, 2i-i3.
Murray Miller. unattached. defeated ]. A.
Waite, unattached, 2t-14 Pit
A; Bossung, Trinity Club, defeated Edward
Borden, unattached, 21-t3, 2l--a0
Sam Buxbaum. Trinity Club, defeated T.
Lennon. Trinity Club, 2i-6. 2i-15.
William Sskman. Trinity Club. defeated Al
Schaen unattached, 2f-fs, Pill
Eckard Callowin. Equitable Gymnasium. de-
Ieated u, II. Trilling, unattached, 2i-3
2i--3.
j. Broderick, Trinity Club. defeated Ed
Groden, Trinity Club, ai-i7, al-lI
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
New York Well Represented
at Philadelphia Regatta

Special Dispatch to THE NEW YORK HERALp.
PHILADELPHIA, July 2.--Under Bills
tering sun Philadelphia oarsmen and a
few from New York to-day practiced
for the Peoples Day regatta to be rowed
on the Schuylkill July afternoon
Included In the metropolitan crowd that
tried out the torrid course were Reed
the intermediate sculler from the New
Rochelle Rowing Club, and Boylan OF
Bayonne who is also entered in inter
mediate singles. Much interest is CEN
tered in the appearance here of the
senior eight cared shell from the Union
Boat Club and the intermediate eight
from the New York A. c.
Tuesdays program is so big that II
has been decided to start the regatta at
o'clock and run off the races at ff-
teen minute intervals. a big delega-
tion of rowing enthusiasts from the
New York boat clubs came over to-day
They VIII spend tomorrow at Atlantic
City and return here for the regatta.
The New York herald., 1922-07-03
Fairfield Polo Club to
Play First Game Tomorrow

Special Dispatch 10 THE NEW York HERALD
GREENWICH. Conn, July 2.--The Fair
field Polo Club OF Greenwich. organized
last winter TO promote polo in these
parts of the country, will play its first
game with team from the Essex Troor
of the First New Jersey Cavalry on the
polo field OF the estate of Robert Law
Jr.. at p. M. July 4. The field re.
Gently completed, is located near the
Blind Brook Club, Port Chester, N. Y.
The Greenwich players will be WILL
lam v. c. Ruxtor. Col. Alden J. Twacht-
man, r. Gerry Snow, r. Y. Clauson and
Gordon Cronkhite, substitute.