davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

may do we'll 10 remember. are framed
not by the young but by the adult. In
fact we judge of the civilization of a
community largely by the degree to
which it protects it's young and help
less. Not only its infants, but its
adolescents and women.
The psychology of the parent is a
rather complex reaction to this situa-
ton. 1t is not only his attitude 10 the
physical offspring. but his reaction to
the sum of capabilities. physical and
spiritual. OF an individual. 1t depends
partly on the age of the parent and on
his environment. A young father is
naturally more progressive, more toll
Grant. more inclined TO see his child
as a nearly ready adult than as an in
fant
In rowing population the young
acquire selfconfidence and indepen-
dence at comparatively early age
Environment, too. plays its part. as
does habit Of thought. The father
who is teacher and knows how small
the entire sum of human knowledge
is and how helpless many OF us are
in emergencies, even after we have at
ldIneu maturity, VIII De inclined 10
look upon his child as permanent
infant, as IL were. The man of action
who has usually matured early him
self and had children before middle
age will encourage his offspring to
follow his example in taking RESPONSE
bilities in showing self assertion: in
word, in following the fathers ex-
ample.
Finally the psychology of the parent
is largely influenced by the psychol-
ogy of the child. One OF the most
striking features of modern educa-
tional tendencies is the constant in
sistence on self-help, on cooperation.
on community spirit and on initiative
In the children. While this must have
what the French have so well called
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
Change in Parental Psychology
Is Step in Progress of Evolution

the defects of its good qualities, il pro-
duces, in the American child at least
very striking self-reliance, indcpen-
dence and optimism. All of these
qualities are of the greatest value for
survival in the struggle for existence
under the conditions given by our so
cial scheme. The parent cannot fan
to be impressed, as is the foreigner.
by the readiness of his child to speak
up for itself and to act for itself. He
will overlook the mental and spiritual
immaturity the more. as there is. as
Il were, no premium on these quail
ties or rather no great disadvantage
in their lack.
The attendant dra wbackks OF half
knowledge, of conceit. Of rashness and
of contempt for age and authority are
viewed with more or less humorous
tolerance by parent who, like most
American fathers. has himself grown
up in the same school of life and OF
class room. His psychology will be i'm
part that of the philosopher and that
of the poet. or the philosopher who
realizes that the best parent cannot
be Providence and must strive To
make himself not indispensable, but
dispensable. OF the poet who. like
Longfellow. sensed that the child is
father TO the man. that the thoughts
OF youth are long, long thoughts. and
that the boys will is the winds will.
a rather pedantic parent in cultured
Boston was lecturing his child and
noting with disapproval that that was
not what he did when he was young
To which the young hopeful replied:
Father. we have just been taught in
our biology course that variation "a
form and function OF the off pring is
the first step in that evolution which
has made for the progress OF the hu-
man race There. in a nutshell. is
the reason why parental psychology
is changing
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

to his seat, Senator Jones occupied the
floor eight hours and FIVE minutes In
opposition to the adoption of the re-
port.
The same fight against the shipping
bill brought out an endurance demon
stration by man of very advanced
years. Senator Gallinger of New
Hampshire. although IS years Of age
on January 27, 1915, occupied the floor
for seven hours and twenty minutes
and even after yielding the floor de-
clined to accept the advice of his
friends and leave the Senate Chamber
for a rest. On February II Mr.. Gal
linger again occupied the floor for four
hours and twenty-five minutes.
Senator Reed Smoot of Utah also
very actively participated in the same
fiibuster At ESQ p. M. on January
20 he started speaking and continued
until 9:25 the next morning. His was
remarkable demonstration, for he
was without the assistance of the
usual calls for a quorum that had as
sisted the Others. He allowed his voice
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
NTYFIVE YEARS IN THE PRESS GALLERY AT WASHINGTON

charge Of the food situation, was in
vited to meet with the Senators and
discuss the features of the food con-
troll bill. This room was chosen for
that hearing.
The day before the drawing I ar
ranged with Gen. Crowder to give us q
practical demonstration Of the way
the drawing was to be conducted, and
all the newspaper men who were in
terested were requested to be In the
room at o'clock in the afternoon.
Thirty-five newspaper men were there.
The first thing Gen. Crowder told
US was that as Major Johnson had
worked 1t out only 1000 numbers
would have to be drawn. When this
was done master number would give
the key. and 1t would be sufficient to
decide the fate so far as going to the
war was concerned, of the more than
100000 men who had registered un-
der the law.
But Gen. Crowder informed us that
this scheme had to be abandoned.
Some of the registration districts. he
had learned, had numbered their
cards incorrectly, and 1t made 1t nee
essary that all the numbers. 10000,
would have to be drawn.
OF course every one realized that
instead Of taking fifty-three minutes
to complete the drawing, as had been
expected, it would require a number
of hours. That night had meeting
with Gen. Crowder, the heads of the
press associations and others, and we
tried to figure iout some labor saving
device. We were unable to suggest
anything that would work. and at
midnight the meeting broke up, every
body realizing that we would have to
so through with the drawing in its
entirety, every number being taken
from the glass Jar
Gen. Crowder opposed the idea of
taking two days to the drawing, and
for this reason the drawing of num-
bers from the jar kept right on
through the day and night until the
next morning.
There were sixty newspaper men on
hand when the drawing started. The
number fluctuated throughout the day,
and the press associations kept men
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

harbors bill was successful. Mr.. Bur-
ton occupied the floor from :55 p. Nj.
on September Is until sos A. M. on
September 10, a total of twelve hours
and ten minutes.
But the Senator had carefully pre-
pared himself for the task, and in
place of the usual coat and vest wa
attired in a lightweight house coat.
and was even more comfortable with
pair of light colored slippers. During
his speech he was not content with
merely holding the floor, but would
pace back and forth the distance pos
sibly Of three or four desks But this
expenditure OF energy was at times
given respite by the introduction OF
an amendment. which would overcome
the ruling that a quorum could not be
demanded without other business in
tervening, and Senator Kenyon OF
Iowa would be sure to take advantage
of the opportunity and demand
quorum. In this way Mr.. Burton was
relieved of the floor for about four
hours and a half
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
Jim Preston Is Confidant of Statesmen
and Lifesaver' to Newspaper Men

of Washington is James ID.
Preston, completed century
- Press Gallery.
Mr. Preston has had part in many important
with members. He the confdan
of public including Presidents well the special
friend the Washington correspondents
of special writer's generally.
So his ability that in late
Mr. of all the national
Republican Democratic Whenever there
considered
a sample, conducted the
Limitation
ments. recently held in Washington.
HERALD Mr.. Preston has set
down for time of the "reminiscences.
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
Senator TiIIman Scores as
A Single Handed Fiiibuster

The last night of the session, March
3. 1908, just when every one was salts
fed that things would be cleaned up
for adjournment next day. a threaten
ing cloud appeared in the wrath OF
Senator "Pitchfork Ben" I'll llman of
South Carolina because a war claim of
1872 had been held up in the general
dehciency bill. The claim was for
$4,000 and was on behalf of the State
Of South Carolina.
Senator Tillman, much to the dis
comfiture Of everybody, began to bar
ricade his desk with books and docu-
ments. and he began prophesying an
extra session. Mr. Tillman said he
was going to read "Childe Harold" and
other poems Of Byron.
The message that Senator Tillman
was starting single handed filibuster
TO force an extra session if his claim
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
La Toilette Had Tested Voice
And Knew It's Endurance

II want to say to the Senator from
Rhode Island (Mr. Aldrich)," Mr.. La
Toilette declared. that he need not be
under any misapprehension here. My
voice will hold out for six weeks and
my strngth will go along with it. I
have tested it,
Hours passed and Mr. La Toilette
was still holding the floor. He got
assistance from time to time by re-
peated calls for quorum, thirty in all,
and at least five hours were taken up
with this
The filbuster carried out by the
Senator from Ohio. Mr.. Burton, in Sep
tember, 1914, against the rivers and
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
Princes Business
Partner in Cell
on Theft Charge
Henry, Son of Ex-king of Sax
ony. Had Humiliating Expe-
rience With Adventure.

Special Gable to THE NEW YORK HERALD.
Copyright 1922, bV THE New YoKK HERALD.
New York Herald Bureau.
Berlin. May 6.
The business association of Prince
Ernst Henry. son of the ex-king OF
Saxony. with an advalturer who walked
around the world. covering $1,000 miles
in fourteen years. proved an expensive
lesson in business training for the
Prince when his partner was sentenced
TO three years in prisotl for theft.
The Prince made the acquaintance OF
Arthur Winterfeld and the two decided
TO start in business. the Prince proyid-
ing ca pital of about .. 900. 900 marks and
the latter the plant. Later one of the
Princes friends drew attention TO his
partners establishment slld suggested
an examination of the firms books
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
For Many Years the Press Arrange
nnents for Both Republican. ana
Democratic National Conventions
Have Been Left to Veteran. as
Have All Details for Reporting
Such Events as the World Peace
Conference.

was not allowed was carried to Uncle
Joe" Cannon, then the chairman of the
House Appropriations Committee.
Uncle Joe" was defiant at first, but
presently allowed the House 10 agree
to the item.
The filbuster conducted alone by
Senator Carter of Montana against the
rivers and harbors bill in the closing
hours of the session of March, 1901,
was not a real test of endurance az
were those of the later period. The
Montana Senator would yield to allow
the transaction of other business. and
as many conference reports on appro-
priation bills were brought in during
those remaining hours, at no time was
he really called upon to extend himself
in the use Of energy.
The La Toilette fllipuster In May,
1908. was the first real demonstration
of physical endurance which I OBJ
served. / had heard, of course. of the
scenes attendant upon the filibuster
conducted by the silver Senator in
1893, when William " Allen OF Ne
braska held the floor the entire night
But the Nebraska Senator was a very
much larger man than Mr.. La Fol-
lette, and there were many of US who
were skeptical that the Wisconsin
Senator would be able to carry out his
threat made to Senator Aldrich. The
latter, in charge of the conference re-
port on the Aldrich- -Vreeland financial
bill, had objected to the clerks reading
something that Mr., La Toilette had
sent to the desk. Mr.. La F'ollette's
quick response to the objection veri-
fed the reports that he would do
everything to prolong the considera
ton.
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
Breathing Is, in Effect, Our
Most Important Function

That the art Of breathing is In
reality the most important function of
the human body is shown and estab-
lished by the fact that, although we
can live without food for weeks and
without water for days. the best Of us
could not live without air for more
than two or three minutes at most.
Death would ensue from lack OF oxy-
gen, the element which gives warmth
and energy TO the body--the element
which makes 1t possible for the food
which we eat TO be transformed into
muscle and bone and tissue--the ele-
ment In short which can be called the
steam OF life--the steam which inn
parts motion and effectiveness TO that
wonderful machine, the human body.
so perfect In it's adaptability TO all
purposes of life and yet so neglected
and mishandled through ignorance that
the average man lives but half his
possible days and during the days
that he does live enjoys but half of his
possible energy and efficiency. and con-
sequently attains to but half his pos
sible happiness.
Although. therefore, n part OF this
falling short Of the full abundance OF
life comes from failure to understand
and care for the stomach-the galvanic
center i'm which the food is received
and separated in various constituents
required by the body-yet by far the
greater part OF our ineffectiveness
comes from failure TO understand and
operate the lungs.
A celebrated English physician. Or
Tucker Wise. says. Learn to inhale
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

TO fall into a certain pitch which he
maintained during the entire time.
In the whole period of the Senate's
long session of 1fty-four hours he
managed 10 get about six hours sleep,
and this in little cat maps while sit
ting in chair ! really begrudged
this much time, for there was a GER
tain fascination in what was transpir-
ing on the floor. Coupled with dread
of missing something interesting that
/ always would regret, did not find it
such a hard task to keep awake I
actually passed through all the stages
of drowsiness until l found that I did
! not feel sleepy at all, and even after
! the session had ended and / was able
TO go home / found IL difficult to
sleep. This was due TO the nervous re-
! action.
| During the 1libuster ! found much
amusement in keeping journal of the
| proceedings. making frequent entries
about the scenes on the floor espe-
cially the amusing pictures OF the
various Senator'S asleep in their chairs
and others making every effort to ward
off the feeling 1t was interesting to
n
! quite hoarse for a long time, would
emerge quite strong. even after ten
hours of use.
OF course. the constant attendance
III the Senate Chamber caused a feel
| ing Of irritability, but small bit of
| humor was all that was necessary to
set things straight. This was espe-
cially true the night that Senator
Smoot held the floor. At LAS in the
morning some one on the Democratic
side asked if the Senator would yield
for recess. Mr. Smoot, having ac-
cepted the challenge OF the majority
for wearing out process, objected.
I'm not tired at ALL" he said. as he
glanced at the clock. 1T is only
| twenty minutes of g."
"Oh," responded Senator Martine of
New Jersey as he passed out the door,
''it is only the shank of the evening"
Everybody laughed as Senator Smoot
continued his speech.
On the subject of flibusters there
was one filibuster. or at least the
threat of f1libuster, that was never
carried out
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
How Parental Sohcitudc
Is Graded in Nature


AS the life forms became more and
more complex, a longer and longer
period was required for the offspring
To attain not only maturity but a de-
gree of growth and intelligence en-
abling them TO shift for themselves.
AT a low stage the egg must be
hatched by the warmth OF the moth
er's body. Further on, with the birds,
the young must not only be hatched.
but fed, until the fedgling is able to
iy. Among mammals the young must
learn how to get their own food after
they have ceased to take the breast.
Man. OF all the animals. has the
longest period of immaturity. of i'm
fancy and childhood. during which he
is figuratively and literally unable tn
shift for himself. The progression
seems, however. TO go on even in man
as shown in a comparison Of savage
and civilized races. The higher the
civilization the longer the period OF
immaturity and apprenticeship.
In the social life of civilized man,
however. we have TO deal with a new
factor of ever increasing Importance.
The place Of the parent may be taken.
and is largely taken. by others. Teach
ers and companions supply, II not sus-
tenance. at least stimulus and mental
pabulum. The institution OF property
which. like food and instruction. may
be transferred 10 tho young from an
alien. or parental source. Is an
other consideration. The incentive 20
independent thought and action, in
culcated in the schools. must have AZ
result a definite shortening OF the
period OF intellectual immaturity. and
in our social scheme this Is of much
more practical importance than a full
developed physical organization.
The bodily weak. he they children.
cripples or sick. are protected and
sateeuarued ny society whose laws, We
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
By PERCY FRIDENBERC, M. ID.

HERE Is a tale that is told of a
traveller hiking through the
L highlands of West Virginia in
the early days ce the republic. Com
ing at nightfall to little cabin in a
clearing and in quest of lodgings for
the night. he addressed venerable
mountaineer who sat in front of the
hut and asked politely for bed and
meal. The aged inhabitant answered
as civilly, but intimated that his father
would have to be consulted before he
could give assent. On being asked
where his father was, he replied that
he was upstairs being spanked by the
speakers granddad. 81 non zero C
ben troUdto.
This patriarchal relation could be
found in all primitive communities. in
most highlands and in pioneer civili-
zation. 1t persists as we'll in commu-
mites where the family life is per-
force limited and condensed, as in the
ghettos of eastern Europe, and where
the contact OF three generations
makes for extreme respect for author
ity and age.
The relation OF offspring to parent
is an interesting one from the purely
biological standpoint. With the very
primitive organism, often a single cell
of comparatively simple structure. the
parent merely divided into twins
which from their inception we're. so
to speak, independent and full grown.
With increasing complexity of struc-
ture the offspring was progressively
subordinate.
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
CAPT. ERNESTO v. CALIARDO

CAPT. ERNESTO v. CALIARDO.
TT is through, ignorance of our
own powers and of how to de-
L velop and use them that we fail
to attain happiness, and in the case Of
each, of us the extent Of that igno-
rance may easily be measured by
simply noting the degree in which we
fall short Of being happy. Instinct
lively we feel this. and instinctively
therefore we are all endeavoring to
dispel our ignorance and reaching out
for more exact knowledge Of our
powers and how to develop and use
them.
To express this deficiency and ineffi-
cheney in a brief simile, civilized man
kind may be likened to tree that is
conscious Of the nutriment drawn py II
from the ground, but has so COM
nIeteIv overlooked the fact that a large
proportion of its substance must be
drawn from the air that " has neg
lected 10 put forth leaves. We all
know that such a tree would very
quickly perish. and, as matter OF
fact. Ii is equally true that the very
norton of the human race which con-
siders itself most highly civilized Is In
reality creeping along on the very
brink Of extinction--for no other rea-
son than the fact that IT has falien
under the evil spell Of an Ignorance
and neglect of one of It's most vital
functions. This ignorance and neglect
are indeed precisely similar to that
which In our simile we have attrfb-
uted to our imaginary tree which over
looked the usefulness OF air and the
consequent desirability Of putting forth
leaves to catch the air.
Few of Us Realize How
Much We Depend on Air
In ether words. we have overlooked
the fact that large part Of our mate
rial bodies Is derived from the air, and
that when we neglect to so develop and
utilize our lungs as TO get from the
air the full benefit which nature in
tends us to receive from the air we
pay the penalty not only in decreased
bodily efficiency, but also, and In an
even greater degree, in a certain fall
ing short Of mental alertness and
spiritual vision.
The cultivation Of our lungs--which
means the cultivation Of the art Of
breathing--ought TO be the very foun-
dation and commencement of our edu-
cational system, instead Of being so
little understood and appreciated that
very little information about the sub
ject Is brought to the attention of our
children while they arc still in the re-
ceptive and plastic stage Of human
life.
A life time Of aimlessness Of pur-
pose of looseness of thinking. of
clumsiness of action and barrenness
of achievement is the penalty which
many OF our children pay as the natu-
raj and direct result of this criminal
neglect on our part 10 properly in
struct and train them. Far better In
this respect is the custom Of the So
called savage races in which the
mothers most carefully watch the
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
Correct Breathing Is Long Step
Toward Health and Happiness,
and Deserves Proper Attention
Advice Which Has Made Big
ger Policemen Should Be
Followed by Others.
USE NOSE, NOT THE MOUTH
Foremost Authorities on Pre-.
serving Health Agree With
GaliardO Methods.

The writer of this practical
advice on the art of breathing
imparts his methods success
fully to the recruits of the
Police Department of New
York and has been highly COM
n1ended there for his help in
making bigger, better and
stronger policemen.
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
More Than $50 Correspondents, Who
Report the Doings Of Congress for
Papers the World Over, Are In
debted to Boss of the Gallery for
MANY Favors - Telephones and
Tvpewriters Almost Unknown When
lin First Began His Duties

tions, reports and acts are placed on
file in convenient place in the gal
lery, so that they may be available for
the correspondents. The daily meet
ings of the various committees have
to be watched and the superintendent
must have a general knowledge of
what matters will. be taken up and
the results of the meetings
So much is going on in Washington
all the time that 1t is essential that
the correspondents get help when it
is possible to give it. The superin-
tendent of the gallery helps him gather
the facts. and it is up to the corre-
spondent to place the proper inter-
probation on them and to write the
story according to the interest of his
readers and the desires of his editors.
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
Bx JAMES D. PRESTON,

F. all the positions IN tne oo'
1 ernment service in Wasnins-
~ ton there is not one that re-