The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1922-07-06

row valley bordered by precipitous
cliffs and lofty peaks. through which
the turbulent green waters Of the
Kootenai tumble swiftly toward Bon
ners Ferry and Purcell trench. Sew
eral hundred feet above the river lies
a broad terrace noticeable on either
side Of the stream. This marks the
bed of the imposing glacier that once
dominated this drainage line. This
terrace is fairly uniform. since where
there were eminences the ponderously
moving glacier sheared them away
and with the same material supple
nIented by it's ever present load, filled
in equally large depressions. Conse- I
quently this terrace is made up of
rock shelves secured smooth, accum-
ulations of gravels and variously siz-
ed rock fragments.
The industrious river with its plen-
tifuily supplied tools of water and |
abrasive sediments has almost equal |
ed the glaciers excavation by trench
ing the rivers canyon to its present |
level Valleys developed by tribu- |
taries to the glaciers. have as a con-
sequence been left high up on the |
canyon side little below the terrace
level These are known as hanging |
valleys"
Faults.
The Hope and LeOnia faults were |
two great dislocations of the region |
that plainly show their effect upon
I,, l..
from the Idaho line along the course
of the Kootenai river to the mouth Of
Moyie river and was the deciding
factor that influenced the great gla-
cier to choose that course for its path.
The great valley of the glacier in turn
offered ready made course for the
Kootenai river Of our own day.
At Leonia which is on the fault line
the rocks of the two sides of the river
dip in opposite directions The beds
In the river bottom to the west of the
fault are the same as the ones on the |.
tops to the east The dis
placement of this great break was at
least three vertical miles. and at one
time an escarpment of great height
must have existed on the west size.
Millions of years of exposure to the
ncessant cutting power of water and
ce have carved it down to its present
appearance
The Hope fault forming the north
,rn boundary of Lake Pend d'Oreille
rom Standpoint to near Clark Fork
PRESENTS a great escarpment which
has been maintained by the aid of the
glacier that helped scOur out the lake
basin of that body of water The
original displacement here was prob
Lbly in excess of 1900 vertical feet
Lakes.
All the lakes of the region owe their
Existence to some direct influence of
ne glaciers which have been describ- {
ID previously as coming down from
he north during the invasions of the
treat ice sheets.
The two larger lakes of north Idaho
'oeur d'Alene and Pend d'Oreille, .
we're originally river valleys following
he riffs developed by the gigantic
aults The invading glaciers, choos-
]
'Ossible. secured out these depres- {
ions and when receding due to a /
warmer climate. melted TO fiji the bas- q
MS i'm the conditions we now find l
hem. However in that day there :
vas a plethora of water released from c
he vast stores of ice and every de
ression in the whole region was
with running water or
Onded lakes. The present streams.
S they cut down their valleys. drain
a many of these temporary lakes and
1T flat gravel covered prairies and =,
alley bottoms filled with mixed as
,rtments of angular material Bon
ers Ferry itself stands on the site of
Ich a temporary body of water. as
'idenced by the terraced material on
'ery hand. while the Purcell trench
ust have been a long sinuous lake
milar to the present Lake Chelan in "
e Cascades of Washington. and the =
rrow lake of British Columbia, only =
an exaggerated scale. -
Where each tributary to the mighty
ngue of ice headed in the closely
nges cup-like cavity was devel
ed These depressions are called
'ques pronounced "surksO and for
es each one contained a small and
metimes tiny lake Many are ex-
let but practically all of the num-
Dus lakes of the panhandle origin
I'd in this manner :
Ore Deposits. -
In and adjacent to these areas de-
'ibed in northern Idaho lies one of
2 worlds greatest mineralized belts
ring the time of the great inva-
ms of the older sediments by the
err masses of molten magma. the
crying rocks We're cracked and ifs
red while undergoing the stresses
iultant from these colossal earth
'vements During this deformative
Rod, and for ages afterward, the
bling magmatic masses sent off
cams of liquid magma. and solu-
MS that filed the cracks ond wants