El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1922-10-12

clLi0 fundamental dGi deEecho const1-
tucional aalaericano toda disposici6nl es-
tatutoria que de a un cuerpo ejecutivo
funciones lagislativas. Nj. 10 ejecutivo
p11e ie conferir sus funciones ejecutivas
a 10 legislative; nj 10 legislative puede
dar, sransferir 0 delegar sus futsiones
legislativas a ninglin. cueypo o consejo
executive.
Esta conclusion de mi razonamiento
esta sostcnida en- la siguiente Erase de
Ia obra de insospechable e indiscutible
autoridad Federal Statutes Annota-
ted Vol. 8, Pagina 200:
Congress cannot delegate to the
courts or to any other tribunals the
powers which are strictly and exclusive
ly legislative.,..''
La saba profunda voz de la ju-
rlsprudencia dice:
The sovereign. power to make ma
tional laws is vested in Congress, and
it is a settled maxim in constitutional
.aw that this power cannot be dele
gated U. S. VS. ormsbee, (1e96) "a
Fed. Rep. 2o9.
''subject to the limited power Of
legislation which by inme:norial usage
may be delegated to the municipal b.
dies within its control. and subject
likewise to the peculiar and exceptional
delegation of legislative authority
hich Congress may name to the terri
torial legislatures of the territories Of
the United States, 1T rs A FUNDA-
MENTAI, PRINCIPLE OF OUR JURIS
PRUDENCE THAT THE LEGTsIA-
TIVE POWER MAY NOT BE: DE-
IEGATED.
Frather VS.. U. S. (1sss). App. cas-.
ID. CD SO.
La erninente autoridad jurfdica,
James NJ. Gray, en- su iinportante Y ci
tadisina obra Limitations of Taxing
Power ana Public Indebtedness Cap.
VI. Pag. 271. aiirma:
''The legislative power is a trust
for the whole people which the legis-
latrre cannot transfer
Y mas ade1ante este autor, en- Ia
obra arriba citada. sostiene:
The legislature, therefore, may not
lslegats the powe- of legis atom to any
other persons or body of persons AMI
all attempts 70 do so are imperative
and void. y
Sosteniendo la separation de pode.
res, como base fundamental sobre la
cual Sc ievanta Ia admirable organi-
zaci6n poLtica de los Estados Unidos,
dice importantisima obra Ruling
Case Law:
One of the fundamental principles
of the American Constitutional system
is that the governments powers are divi-
0ed among the 5 departments Of go
vernment. the Legislative, executive AMI
judicial, ana that each of these is Sc
parate from the others" r. G. i.
IA.
The saw-making function Us as
signed exclusively to the legislatures,
the generally recognized rule is that
eny attempt to abdicate 1t in any par
ticnlar field, although valid in form.
is demonstrations and vcid.'' r. G.
4, 1e5.
Abundando on esta teoria los tribu-
lnales' americanos han lenado sus ire
Fo1ts'' cen jurisnrudencia abrumadcra,
ccino, per ejemp,o. la siguiente:
State VS. Butler, 1O5 Me- 81, 7s All.
ECO, is Am. Gas. 484.
State VS. Briggs, 45 Ore. 366. II Pac.
Am. Gas. 424.
C'NciL VS. American Fire Ins. Co.,
1856 Pa. st. 70, 30 Att. 943, As A. S.
II. $50. 26 L. +. A. 615.
State VS.. Thompson, 149 Wis. 48s, 1877
n. w. TO- Am. Gas. 1910 TIA, 4S L. r,
A. IN. S. 3S9.
Y este mismo principle, esta misina
teoria juridica, en- t6rminos mas c.aros
r concisos tambien qued6 sentada asi:
ut is q cardinal principle of re-
preventative government that except
when authorized by the constitution,
as may be the case in reference to Tnn-
nicipal corporations, the l0sislastires
caniot delsgats the power to rnalks
laws any other authority or body
n. c. Z. 1e5.
Tonemos que 81 attribute mas alto de-
totlos los gobisrnos Is eli peder de i'm
poner contribhciones compeler al pa
go de las nismas. Sc hizo necesaria Ia
actual Constitutions de los Estndos Unit
dos, y fracasarOn aduellos originates
Art-culos de Confederation " pOrQue
ostos carecian de autoridad compulso-
zia para imponer y recaudar contribu-