The New York herald., 1922-12-03
America Insists Grants
Must Stand in Some
Form of Treaty.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Leaders Beginning to Aban-
don Hope of Accomplish
ing Any Results.
by LAURENCE HILLS.


Copyright, 1879, BY THE New York HERALD.
LAUSANNE, Dec. 2.-Little hope re-
mains of the conference here adjust
Ing the situation In the Near East
Another deadlock loomed to-day when
capitulations were discussed for the
themselves more than ever by contact
with George Tchitcherin, the Soviet
Foreign Minister, the Russians an
nouncing they would not tolerate
capitulations either in name or any
form.
AS usual after such declaration
the matter was referred to a SUBJ
commission. The Americans made a
brief statement, apparently aligning
themselves with the allied attitude on
this question. which concerns the pro-
lection of foreigners in Turkey and
their judicial rights. But the declara-
ton as made by Ambassador Richard
w. Child, THE NEW YORK HERALD cor
respondent can explain. does not really
here for the reestablishment Of these
rights. Should the Angora Assembly,
for example. adopt the proper regula-
tions as part of their law, which will
give Americans a sense of security in
Turkey such az they formerly had
the United States would be satisfied
even though they were not incorpo-
rated In treaties.
Child Explains u. 8. Attitude.
The Allies, on the other hand. would
have these rights. abrogated by the
Turks in 1914. restored in treaties. The
United States, Mr.. Child told the meet
ing to-day would not stand for the
abrogatlon OF these rights and agreed
with the other nations that they mus.
be restored in some form. but that was
as far as the American delegation would
so. Japan backed the Allies in their
attitude.
The Turkish attitude Is that they
have come here to establish their status
as sovereign nation, like the Western
Powers, and that any stipulation of this
kind cannot be tolerated by Turkey any
more than by the Western nations
Ismet Pasha made II clear to-day that
the Turks would change the whole status
of Turkey as 1t existed in the past with
relation to other nations.
The Allies replied to this that the
capitulations were originally sought by
the Turks to get foreigners to live in
Turkey for Turkeys economic good. and
they insisted that as a condition OF
peace Turkey must restore judicial
capitulations. as II had been agreed
when they were made that they could
rot be abrogated without the consent OF
other nations.
With this question again showing the
apparent impossibllity of this confer
ence arriving at a settlement. there ls
ncw lacking only tho disposition Of the
straits. which Is set for Monday morn
ing. Everything indicates this will
bring another deadlock. The Turks.
have swung around completely to the
Soviet point OF view, and have given up
their one warship at a time plan. The
two nations now stand solidly for the
complete exclusion OF foreign warships
and the sovereignty of Turkey. with the
right. to fortify the straits. No other
solution would be recognized by Russia,
Tchitcherin said to-day.
child to speak on straits.
France and Great Britain. supported
by the United States. Will advocate the
fr. edom or the straits, guaranteed by
international warship and airplane pa
trolls. The Americans are prepared 20
make a statement on this point In the
opening session.
Both Lord Curzon and Camille Bar-
rere, head Of the French delegation
rapidly are losing hope OF reaching any
conclusion here. Lord Curzon is hoping
to avert another catastrophe by pro-
posal TO adjourn. Fundamentally the
trouble lies in the fact that the Allies
still are proposing here peace conditions
as IL the Turks we're defeated, like Ger
many in 1918. whereas the Turks have
come here considering themselves con-
querors, n situation which the Western
nations have not faced since the war.
Both the Turks and the Russians here
do not concede that western Europe is
superior In force or even economic
poweN and they VIII not make peace
on any basis granting such qualities
Ii Is growing moro and more apparent
that the failure of this conferences may