davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
SHELLS USED As CURRENCY
Probably the Earlisst Form Of Money
Of Which There 10 Any Real
knowledge.

The earliest tribes did not need
money because no Individual In til,
tribe owned anything personally. All
property belonged to the tribe as a
whole and none to any one person
Later on when the tribes met there
arose the custom Of barter or trade,
the simplest form of which was the
exchange of articles possessed by one
tribe for those owned by another. For
instance, some of the Australian tribes
had rough green stone which was
valuable for making hatchets. Mem
bers Of another tribe. seeing these
green stone hatchets naturally wanted
them. They had no money. as we
know 1t today, but they had red u>sare
with which they painted their bodies.
Thus it developed that the tribe own
ing the green stones wanted some red
ochre, and each article became a kind
Of money-each became valuable for
trading purposes.
1t was necessary, however. te
await the Developments of unit OF
value" before money became elastic.
It required something valuable in the
eyes of these tribes. One of the
earliest forms of this elastic money
was Shells The skins of animals were
long used by savage tribes as money
but these could not be carried about
like shells. The skins, however, were
valuable in trading and fortunes were
reckoned by the number Of skins
owned. AS soon as animals became
domesticated the live animal itself re-
placed the skin as money.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
ACT ENDS A0E.0LD ENmlTY
Students o. history - oien,sioanes
In Recent Move OF the Dean
Of Westminster.

There IL more than meets the eye
In the announcement that the dean
Of Westminster has assigned partic-
ular stall on the north side Of the
chair for the use Of the mayor Of
Westminster whenever he visits the
abbey In either a public or a private
capacity. The deans kindly act re-
moves another obstacle to the full
friendship which should exist In West
minister between the ecclesiastical and
the civic authorities. Centuries ago
there was no love lost between them.
The abbey authorities were powerful
body; the citizens Of Westminster
were struggling to be free, in a mu
nicipal sense. 1t was the cellarer Of
the abbey who built the Gatehouse
prison late In the Fourteenth century
and installed the abbey janitor as Its
keeper 1t was the abbot who had Gus
tody of all prisoners captured within
the liberties. 1t was the abbot who,
when debts were owing to the nonas-
terry. did not recover them by ordinary
process OF law, but sent out his com
mon pressers" to distrain on the
debtors goods. When Bryan Talbot
"a gentleman by birth, fell into ar
rsars with his rent. he had to sur
render his large bedsted legged" his
''litill old Ship Chest" his water-tub
and his blew pylyan for a woman"
Not until the middle of the Fifteenth
century did self-government manifest
itself In society Of citizens, and that
is a long way from the gift to the
mayor OF stall In the abbey.-Chrts-
tian Science Monitor.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
REGULATION OF TEMPERATURES
according to Opinion of Experts
Proper Mark for the Home Is
About 60 Degrees.

Heating experts tell US that churches
should be kept warmer than lecture
rooms. Whether this implies that the
lecture room audience is more apt to
forget any discomfort due to tenn
perature than church congregation
they decline to say.
According to the scientists versed In
the subject 65 degrees is the proper
temperature for a church while that
Of lecture hall should be between co
and 81 degrees.
Public buildings. the experts agree,
should have temperature between G8
and y degrees, while schools should
De kept uniformly at 10 degrees.
The proper temperature for the
home IS about 6S degrees, with bath.
rooms at between 10 and SIS degrees
Entrance halls and vestibules should
be kept at a temperature between 81
and GO degrees: gymnasiums 60 and
natatoriums 6S degrees.
These are the temperatures for
hospitals: general rooms, p to rs de-
grees; sick rooms, p; operating
rocins, 20 to 90.
Experts apparently do not believe in
making prisons attractive in cold
weather, as they recommend a temper.
AZURE for them between 80 and 81 de-
grees. Factories and shops should be
kept at temperature of 65 degrees:
boiler shops and foundries, 80 to 60;
machine shops, 60 to IS; paint shops
20
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
TOWN BUILT ON GREAT ROCK
Ancoma, in Mexico, Surely Has Site
Such az No Other Place
on Earth Can Boast

To 1--we on top of a mushroom
would be a peculiar sensation. II
the mushroom were Of gigantic pro-
portions and were planted so as to
overhang the sea, the experience
would be very similar to that of living
ID the town of Ancoma, which Is three
miles south of the Mesa Escantada
In Mexico, says the Christian Sex
snce Monitor. The strange mush.
room-like rock on which the town
stands is splendid specimen Of
fantastic erosion. having overhanging
sides nearly 400 feet high. The top
Of the rock is comparatively level,
and is about 10 acres In extent. 1t
Is notched with dizzy chasms. The
greater portion of 1t overhangs the
sea like an immense mushroom, and
the oldest thing Is that 1t should have
town at the top.
Now, this town pertains to q past
civilization. It Is one Of the most
perfect specimens of the pre-his-
toric Pueblan architecture. With in
conceivable labor this town In the
air was built and fortified for the
safety Of its Inhabitants. 1t was
reached by mere trail of tOs-holes
pn TIE stem OF the mushroom. The
age Of the town Is not known, but
II was already old In 154o, when the
atBt explorers visited II.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
SCHEME PROVED A NUISANCE
Office Force Refused to Allow Method
Ical Man to Overlook Letter
Written to Himself.

The methodical Mr.. Kellam grunted
acknowledgment when Kessler, an Of.
fice assistant. presented him with q
note, according to the New York Sun.
Found this in the X mail box. It's
addressed to you." said Kessler.
Kellam took the note, walked toward
the pigeonholed mail box and later re-
sumed his seat. 1t wasn't long before
Kless, another fellow worker. came up
to him with q note addressed to him
which he had picked out of the mail
box. Kellam was not quite SO cordial.
but he took 1t and repeated his trip
to the Office mail box. He was even
less cordial when Klanster, another
associate, approached him few min
utes later and held out note.
~ found this In the X" he began
Darn it." shrieked Kellam. II know
where you found 1t. put 1t there so
I'd get 1t In the meningitis to re-
mind me to do something tomorrow.
For the luvva Mike put it baekl@
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
s.ladstone can be heard con-
lawsuit Of Long Duration.

i.s longest drawn out lawsuit on
record IA legal history Is between two
neigr 5oring French villages in Jura-
t'harchillat ana Meusia. The case had
It's beginning Il The Thirteenth century
In 1892 certain Knight Of the Holy
''"r p divided a certain wood between
lwo villages. Although the wood
If small value, the two villages
..gased in a controversy over the
N.uct line OF division and lawsuit,
=, nlch has lasted through the centuries
- the resenl age, was begun
During the past century there have
zen many judgments rendered, all OF
ahich have been appealed from. In
one court decision the advantage was
given to Meusia. CharchiAat appealed
and the case was finally sent back to
the court Of civil appeal at Nancy,
where last December Charchillat was
awarded third Of the wood instead Of
q fifth, as settled before. Each Of the
towns was condemned to pay its own
costs since 1924. Meusia has appealed
from the award.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Spot Forever Famous.

Motorbuses, charabancs, and thou
sands of motorcars pass by Box bill
and the pretty little hotel which nestles
under its foot III Burford bridge with
out knowing that in the beautiful old
garden at the back Of the house Mel
son took leave of his beloved Emma"
the Lady Hamilton, whom Romney
painted over 60 times-hefore he took
coach to Portsmouth and thence sailed
on that cruise which ended at Ira
falgar
In that very same garden another
event happened which men do not take
as much account of, but which may.
nevertheless, count for more In the
true evolution of the race
John Keats wrote the greater part
of "Endymion" as he walked those
paths. listening to tie birds and look
ing upon the beautiful landscape, and
coined there that immortal phrase !:
"a thing Of beauty ia q Joy for
ever."-London Times.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Got n "WinteYT Mark

Paul, In the first grade of sch col,
brought home an exercise paper
which the teacher had marked with
big cross from corner to corner.
and demanded to know what the mark
meant. His mother explained that it
meant that the work was all wrong.
The next day he brought home an
other paper, in great citation.
Il got a better mark today he
said. Il was marked winter Lots
Of other kids were marked winter.
too"
His mother examined the paper, on
which the teacher, by way Of variety
had inscribed big cipher.
"Why, that's as bad as yesterday"
the mother explained. That's zero.
Why did you say you were marked
'winter'?'
swell, winter is zero, isn't itf" re
sponded the youngster.-Exchang
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
--a~-~.r-v. ,-.~~~~- s~-s~asssaass s..ts~s~- -
CATS SKIN As PAIN KILLER
Sufferers From Rheumatism May
Find There 10 Something In
Rather Novel "Rentedy."

There are more curious cures Tor
rheumatism than any other disease.
Bee sting cure has, of course long
been known, and 1t certainly seems
to do good In some cases. Othef
people wear necklaces Of heads-am-
Der or ordinary blue glass-to waro
Off attacks. The belief that silver
ring with piece of copper let into the
side will cure rheumatism Is also very
widespread. 1t is, at any rate, less IN
convenient than the Cornish cure
which necessitates crawling under
bramble that has formed a second
root In the ground. or drinking water
in which a thunder stone" has been
boiled.
Finally, there is the wearing OF
cats skin, custom introduced by
Belgian refugees during the Worl q
war. There would seem to be a
Sound reason underlying this particu-
lar belief.
Stimulate the circulation. and you
do something toward curing rheuma
tism. So II you wear rough, warm
substance like a cats skin next your
body, you reduce your chances OF
catching rheumatism.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
One Way II Does Not Rain.

The weather men have been trying
to answer: How does 1t rain?' 1t is
a hard question, says Dr. w ]. Humph-
reys of the weather bureau at Wash
ington.
Lots of people are content to say
that the droplets at the top of the
cloud pick up others on their way
down and come out at the bottom full
sized rain drops" he said. THAT
sounds nice, but those who give this
explanation seem to overlook the fact
that clouds can float in the sky for
days without giving a drop of rain"
He has calculated how big drop
would result from such fall, and 1t
turns out that cloud particle falling
from top to bottom Of dense cloud a
mile thick and picking up every other
droplet on its way, would come out
only one-sixteenth Of an inch in d.
ameter much smaller than an ordinary
raindrop.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
CALL TUESDAY UNLUCKY DAY
Members Of the Greek Church Have
Reasons to Look Upon II With
Mlsovlnos.

To most persons Of western tradi-
ton Friday Is more or less considered
to be an unlucky day. Many Of them
prefer not to say this straight out,
but they are bit wary of starting
any large enterprise ON Friday. The
Idea may come from the fact that for
so many people Friday is held as
fast day and great interest in purely
secular pursuits should be held some
what In allegiance The old Morse peas
antry give different explanation.
ITO begin big thing on Friday
leads to a great temptation to break
the Sabbath" is the way one old grand
mother puts 1t.
To most members Of the Greek
church 1t Is not Friday, but Tuesday
that is the most unlucky day. The
reason Is clearcut and historical, for
1t was Oh this day that-a Tuesday, In
las .nstantinople was lost TO the
eastern empire and passed under the
control of the Turks.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Deem Gratitude.

1t is related that the famous Sheri-
dan went to hairdresser's on one
occasion to order a wig. The barhe!'
was liberal soul, and on the orator
being measured, bottle Of port was
produced and so much hospitality was
shown that Sherldans heart was
touched.
When they rose from the table and
were about to separate, Sheridan,
looking the barber full in the face,
said: "On rejecting, 1 don't intend that
you shall make my wig
Astonished. and with blank vlsage,
the barber exclaimed: But, Mr.. Sheri-
dan. how can l have displeased your
"Why, look YOU" said Sheridan, "you
are an honest fellow, and l repeat IT.,
you shan't make my wig, for l never
intended to pay for it. I'll go to an
other less worthy son Of the craft"
Edinburgh Scotsman.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24

Appeal Of Music to the Human Mind
Music. like literature appeals to the
human being as whole. Whateye Ell
the range covered by literature in the
appeal to human nature, precisely the
same range Is covered in different
medium, but not less surely, by music.
To make music take its proper
place, would therefore be to give it an
equally important place in the public
school curriculum with literature
Beethoven, for example, would be
placed side by side with Shakespeare
as a subject Of study, because Bee
thoven is exactly of the same impor-
lance and on the same level as Shake
speare as storehouse of mental
wealth and a subject of intellectual
training. Like Shakespeare, Milton
Wordsworth and Coleridge the grea,
composers like Beethoven, Bach and
Mendelssohn strengthen the reasoning
powers, the imaginative faculties and
higher nature generally.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24

Many articles in daily use came orig
inally from the ground, but few realize
that mining rosin has been thriv-
Ing industry in the United States for
many years despite the fact that rosin
Is the product of the sap of certain
species Of evergreen tree, observes the
New York Sun.
Half a century ago rosin was 50
cheap that it did not pay to put it in
barrels and send 1t to market. The
barrels were worth more than the
rosin. Turpentine, however. brought
a good price and came from the same
sap which yielded rosin as a BY
product. In consequence manufacture
ers concentrated on the turpentine and
allowed the molten rosin to run into
pits, where 1t hardened and was
covered with earth to get it out of the
way.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Concerning Qroyerha

proverb is seen at Its best wheE,
1t is not over-familiar to US. Then
We can enjoy the sudden salt flavsf
Of cynicism, the searching irony that
aade Bacon describe proverbs as
edge tools of speech, which cut and
penetrate the knots of business Of
sffairs,'
France. as might be expected, L
rich In the edge-tool variety of pro,
erb-though the edge. naturally, SUI
Fers In translation. He that canno,
pay let him pay" 1.-THE nearer the
church, the farther from God" Spair
has proverbs, with a snoothness, q
characteristic blandness In place O.
tae sharp French rapier thrust. lie;
that which Ia lost be for God" "A
fool. unless he knows Latin IL neve,
= great fool."-V. II. Triedlaendse, r.
Country Life
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Poker in Hand.

We lived in the fiat above our land
lord He and his family were in the
habit Of going on motor trips every
Sunday. So one Sunday we were
rather surprised to hear a peculiar
grinding noise In what seemed to US
to be their kitchen. As my husband
was not presentable, l grabbed up the
poker, for l felt sure 1t was some one
trying to break in, and bravely ran
down to the front door and rang the
Goor bell. / thought they would hear
the bell ring and be frightened away
Imagine my embarrassment when the
door of the fiat opened and the land
lord stepped out and caught me with
the appraised poker in my hand. When
] finally got through explaining he
merely informed me that the noise
was caused by the grinding Of his
coffee mili.-Chicago Tribune
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Natures Fire.ess coakss

western towns have lately been gre
pairing and maintaining camping
grounds, equipped with water and
lights, for the convenience of autosno.
bile tourists. There is at leas; one
spot where natural fireless cookers are
among the gratuitous provisions fsr
the comfort of the touring public. This
unique inducement is found st Ho
springs, New. where boiling water has
Deen spouting up from the unknowa
depths of the sun-baked earth. Near
this remarkable hot spring there are
several "cookln; holes" excavations
about three feel n depth, whose sides
are lined with sheet iron. At the bot.
TOM the boiling water gurgles. Into
these holes visitors lower the vessels
containing their food or drink. Be
cause OF the boiling temperature and
the heat of the surrounding steam
which Ills the cavity. the process OF
cooking u rand
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
NOTHING STINGY ABOUT HIM
Generous Man Dead Willing to Let
Nelahbor Have Anything no
Would Pay For.

Don't tell me we are not generous
people," said the corner-seat passen-
ger on the early car. Il hear SO many
people complaining how stingy folks
are that It's refreshing to see some
body that's got something to give
away"
well, what for instancef" grunted
his seatmate. Somebody been offer
ing you good advice. or has he only
been wishing he could divide his cold
in the head with your"
Neither one" said the other. "but
I've got a big-hearted neighbor who
was talking across the fence with me
the other day. He had sent for cat
alogue Of some hardware clothing con-
Germ, and he let me look It all over.
That was generous" agreed the
other. THAT was the next thing to
giving you something, I'll say, letting
you read q fresh new book"
Eyes, but he did better than that,
resumed the first. He not only lei
me look the book over all l wanted to-
but he said, You can send and get any.
thing you want In 1t; l don't expect &c
buy 1t ALL Los Angeles Times.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
The Family Silver.

Whenever I'm invited out to din
ner or one Of those society affairs. you
can leave 1t to me to make some bad
break" Spud Murphy complained bit
terry.
whats the trouble, spudT' asked
q sympathetic friend.
well, the girl asked me up 70 her
house for dinner. She told me they
were high up In society, and that they
had the family name on all the silver
and napkins."
well, how did you get In Dutchr
The drst thing I did whsn we sat
down at the table was to take q
suuint ut the silver and napkins, and
then the girl got sore because every
time spoke to her father called him
Mr.. Pullman THE Leathernec1.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
"Piayful" Indeed 1!

In his book, ''Flashlights From tha
Seven Seas" the Rev. WI T.,
Stidger, of Detroit. says the I.s.,aa IS
of Sumatra have what he refers TO
facetiously as playful" Gus a u
getting rid of their old men Wien a
man gets so old that they thuE h IS
about time for him to tell his 's>t t..re.
they put him up coconut tree Then
all the young bucks of the VILLAGE get
together and try to shake him davn.
If he Is too feeble 20 hold o. md
comes down. that is a sign Of Heaven.
that his days are through aud
proceed to cook and eat him
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Fly Has Natural Trap.

A peculiar traplike appendage, called
a mask, enables the young dragon fly
to capture the mosquito wriggler on
which it feeds. The mask consists
of a jointed, articulated arm that is
attached to the under side of the
head. At the extremity Of this arm
Is the mask proper. which consists Of
two folding parts like hands, each Of
which Is provided with row of small
sharp teeth on its outer edge.
When a tiny insect passes within
reach Of the young dragon fly it
suddenly thrusts out the mask, grasps
the insect within it and backs it into
the mouth. When this organ is not
in use it folds back over the head
covering it like mask.
The young dragon fly lives in ponds
and streams; and as 1t is very slow
moving, this trap Is its salvation.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Some Compensation.

An official of large corporation
which had made a rather poor earn
ings report, commented with satisfac-
ton on the fact that competing com
pauies had had considerably larger
ieticits
I'VE can derive some consolation
from this" he said, and went on:
1T reminds me of the story of the
man who was travelling through the
West Virginia mountains and, az
preaching poor cottage. saw three
boys, two of whom We're soi'brc loud
ly while the smallest seemed not to
have q care in the world At the door
of the cottage, the father of the boys
stood, gun III hand, and The stranger
inquired lie source OF the sorrow Of
the two older boys.
"'Waal. stranger said the noun
taineer. it was this way: Today is
the birthday of my youngest Kid. l
didn't have any money to buy him a
birthday present ST. l licked his two
brothers. wall Street Journal.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
MYSTERIES Of Nature.

One of the most mysterious powers
that close observation has revealed Is
the capacity Of certain fishes and wa
ter animals to live out Of the
water. Some small crustaceans have
been known to lie for 40 years in dried
mud without losing the power Of &C
lively living when the mud was mois-
tened again. A naturalist visiting
Jerusalem took q little mud from the
pool of Gihon, at the Jaffa gate, and
put 1t in q pill oox. 1t lay dry for 40
years. but when some of the dry dust
was put into a saucer full of water
1t gave rise after a short time to
some lively water feas. The eel, as
Is well known, can travel through
damp grass. There lis tropical fish,
known as the climbing perch, which
has the very curious habit Of scram-
bling by means of its pectoral fms
up stones, roots, and even the trunks
of trees in search Of insects on which
II feeds. Still more surprising Is the
habit of a South African fish, called
Clarias, which is said to make noe
turnal raids on the fields in order to
eat the grains of millet-Cincinnati
Enquirer.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24

inOMNS WoOO . EVcNS
of Virsnia's history, and the final
parade on Saturday, May 27, will be
historical and commercial.
The tentative program for Pageant
Week, May 22-28. follows:
Monday, May Deterioration Pa
rade and Homecoming. First night
performance of the Pageant of Vir-
GINA"
Tnosdov Nov 90 co1onio, naa
floats Of tba ,,or;od entered fro,i, ao,.,,
tias and citios of tbo Co.. 1-j,,-.
norfor,,ooo1. e,,,,u.o5 ~. No. ..l,,,,a.,,.,
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1922-03-24
Machine Gun Back in 17757

A controversy as to who first in
vented machine guns is one of the
wars aftermaths in France.
Lyon puts forth the claim of a
n du Perron, who, in ITS, is said
to have submitted to the young King
Louis XVI. a military "orgue" which
worked on crank system and could
Gre tweuty-four bullets almost stimuli
aneously, and consequently could an.
affiliate whole regiment in a few
minutes" according to contemporary
record.
The new weapon appeared to be 50
murderous that the king and his minis
tiers rejected it. and its inventor was
neld up as an enemy of humanity.
The powers hostile to France tried to
secure the invention. but NJ. du Per
ron refused their offers from patriotic
motives and died in poverty.