davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

tf Europeans on the area now
known as the United States was
that Of the Spanish at 81. Angus
tine, Florida, in 1865. the English
~ jamestown, Nirginis, in 1907,
he Dutch at the mouth Of the
4dson in 1881, the Swedes on the
vest bank Of the Delaware in 1887.
while the French who made their
hrst permanent settlement in
Quebec IN l60S soon extended
their claims southwark By ex-
ploration and settlement, and BIZ
1850 were claiming all Of the area
drained BY the Great Lakes and
the St Lawrence. By 1855. New
Sweden" had been taken over By
the Dutch; IN l664 the Dutch ter
ritory Of "New Netherlands was
taken over BY the English. The
French meantime had extended
their explorations down the Mis-
slssippi to its mouth and were
claiming all Of the area drained
BY Inst river as a result Of ao-ig-
Lal explorations Of the VALLEY
This claim, however, was resisted
BY the English who assumed that
their colonies fronting on the At
lsntic were By their charters 70
extend across the continent TO the
South Sea" a. the Pacific was
then called. and in the war be-
tween France and England over
this question the French were de-
feated and ordered 70 transfer
their territorial claims 10 Great
Britain. which they proceeded 70
%, secretly, however. ceiing 10
Spain their claims to the western
section Of the Mississippi Valley
which, however. was subseoue-tiv
re-ceded 70 France By the Spanish
Government.
IL was when the English Gov
ernment found itself II full pos
session Of no' only Canada but the
entire eastern half Of the Nissis-
sippi Valley that its parliament
attached 70 the Province Of One
bee, for temporary government
the area now known as Michi-
gan, Ohio. Indiana. Illinois. Wis
consin and g part Of Minnesota.
and this action by the British
Parliament proved the straw
that broke the csmel's back
with certain Of the colonies which
claimed that their original grants
extended TO the Mississippi River.
and increased their willingness to
join IN q movement for 1ndepsn-
dsnes thsa pending among TIE
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

more than = century, Was finally
released by the Massachusetts
Legislature and in iS2Q made a
state oi the Union.
One Of the first questions which
arose after the cesslon BY the
colonies Of their territory lying
west Of the Alleghenies was as to
the method Of its government A
ConEressions' Committee was ap-
pointed 70 consider the matter
with jefferson at its head and the
result Of its l&bors Was the pres
s-.etion q plan Ct which JEFF
Lesson was understood 10 he the
author by which the area in cues
ton should be divided into ten
new states, som q the names be-
ING drawn from the Greek and
Latin and others tsom lndiGn
phrSseology. The peninsula ly-
INK between Lakes Huron and
Michigan was 70 be called Cher
oresus," thai bounded by the Va
bash, Ohio ard Mississippi Poly
p0tsmia," bat between the Upper
Ohio and the Great Lakes Metro
p0;amia, while other parts Of
the area were given the names Of
illinois" "AssenissippiR." Mich
igauia" "Sylv6nia." Saratoga"
ard Washington"
The sbcye measure devised and
recommended b. Jefferson was ac-
eepted by Congress and put upon
the statute books but before steps
had been taken 70 carry il into
actual operation Il was repealed
b. the celebrated Ordinance Of
l7s7" establishing the Territory
Northwest Of Ohio Of which Cen
eral Arthur S. Claire wxs made
the frat govtJncr, IN lSSS. and the
first Territorial Government,
which was to prove such an i'm
portant factor ia the development
Of the western area, Pot into oper-
alton. General S. Claire estsb-
ished the scat Of the g0yt n1nent
Of that enormous territory at the
little village Of @Losantiville"
which he renamed Cincinnati" in
honor of he Society Of the Gin
einrau" Of which he, as an officer
Of the revolutionary War, was a
member. In 1890 an act was pass
ed for sira.lAr form Of govern
ment in par. Of the area south
Of the Ohio which was 70 be desig-
mated The Territory South Of the
Ohio, the provisions Of that act
being similar 70 that which estah-
hshed the territory northwest Of
the Ohio exeep. the omission for
the southern territory Of the pro-
viso found in that for the northern
territory with reference 70 slay-
cry; the act establishing the Ter
ritory Northwest Of the Ohio ex-
eluced slavery while that proviso
was omitted from the terms under
which the Territory South Of the
Ohio was established. This Terri
tory South of the Ohio did not,
however. include the kentucky
area which remained under the
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

Vas transformed into the State Of
Tennessee. The western section
q Georgia. ce1ed 70 the Common
lnio1 ~ lS03 became tie Terri
toy u Misszsippi and later the
Territories q Mississippi and Ala
bama until they we're finally ad-
migted As States q the Union in
1917 and 1919. The Transformation
of the western front Of Virginia
into the new state of West Vir-
giRiA in ls62-s was an Incident of
the Civil War.
The Lo1siana Purchase.
Meantime had come the frst
great addition 70 The area of the
Initec States. the louisiana pur-
chslse. The AREA west Of the Mis-
sissippi which had been originally
claimed by frsnce as result of
exploration and been secretly
ceded 10 Spain in lg62 prior 70 the
expulsion q France from the con
tinsnt, had subsequently been
again secretly Transferred and ~
eeced BY SPAN 70 France IN the
year $500. The complete control
q the mouth Of the Mississippi
River by the United States was
extremely important 20 its people
and the commercial interests.
controlling As il did the exit from
the Mississipri Valley 70 the Gulf
q Mexico. and when the cession Of
the area west of the Mississippi
70 France in 1900 became known a
commission was sent 20 France BY
the United States Government 20
negotiate for the purchase Of the
area adjacent 70 the mouth Of the
Mississippi and including the city
a New Orleans. The French Gov
eminent, however, fearing a loss
of the entire western AREA 70 Great
Britain offered 20 sell Il ali 20 the
United States for $4,000. 900, Of /
which Sll $50 00a would be in six /
per cent bonds Of the United States
Government and the remainder TO /
be paid 20 citizens Of the United /
States having claims against
France, and when this treaty
reached Washington Il was quick
~ ratified. in October 1908, and
the area Of the United States thus
by a single stroke Of the
pen.
This louisiana Purchase" thus
completed in 1909, which as above
indicated more than doubled the
area Of the country. included SSs,-
600 square niles, while the total
area prior 70 the purchase was
orly s2s,000 square miles. The
entire new area was given the title
Of the Territory Of Louisiana"
but in 1904 the southern tip was
cut Of and established as the Ter
ritory of Orleans" and IN 1912 the
Territory % Orleans" was admit
ted 10 the Union as the State Of
Louisiana snd the remainder Of
the purchase given a new title. the
Territory of Missouri" with its
capital at the city Of 81. Louis.
Later. after the States of Arkansas
and Missouri had been cut of from
its southeastern section the re-.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

mAinder was renamed the Indian
Country"
While this Indian Country" was
slowly being transformed into ter
ritorial and state divisions, there
carne the second addition 70 the
area Of the United States in the
purchase Of Florida from Spain to
which country Great Britain had
re-ceded il IN 1883. The considera-
tion Of its purchase from Spain
was TO be the payment By the
United States Of various claims
By American citizens against the
Spanish government, which
amounted when paid. including in
tercst. 70 $4,000 and the terri
tory thus purchased subsequently
became. in lS25. the State Of Flor
ida.
Texas al the SOuth-West.
TIE third addition TO our terri
tory came in the form Of the State
Of Texas VII ch had IN 1885 seed
- AAOlM lAAA4AN aAA4 NtAADlAeIt,4
itself as an Independent republic
and Immediately made application
fer admission 70 the United
States. This application was. how
ever, rejected By Congress when
made in 1887 and again in 1874,
but n January, 1873. Congress
passed an act giving It's consent
that the territory properly inclnd-
ed within the Republic Of Texas
may be erected into q new state
to be called the State Of Texas"
and in December of that year the
joint resolution admitting Texas
as q state ot the Union passed
both House and Senate. the area
being THIS sdm1tted as a State
without preliminary probation"
as q territory. Subsequently Con.
grss purchased from the State Of
Texas a part Of is original ara.
paying SO. .Oeo. 900. and the 12s.O00
square uiles thrs purchased sub
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

II had also become apparent that
these claims II many Instances
over-lapped each other; and with
the magnanimous spirit then pre-
yailng u fealfy 70 the new gov
eminent the legislatures Of those
seven states ore b. one eeded to
the Common Union all Of their
western claims, the area thus eed-
ed 70 be formed into new states
with individual privileges and
powers equA. 70 those which gen
erously relirquished their claims
upon the territory IN question.
The area thus ceded TO the Com
mon Union by the seven states
above named. lying between the
Allegheny Cumberland range on
the east ard the Mississippi on the
west. exceeded in area that retain
cd By the original thirteen az
gregating about 500. 900 square
miles. while The present area of
the original thirteen" aggregates
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04
b. OSCAR P. AUSTIN
ss-.sa es.. The Aaiisa.l q, Bsnk II
ks1s YeS.

Tie Difficulties which accom-
rsnied ue transformation Of the
twenty rfc-war countries Of Eu-
rope int the thirty which nov
appear o. the map of that conti-
nenf recall some interesting
features q the process By which
the territory of the United States,
which is now about equal 70 that
q al Europe, was enlarged. ad-
.astec, ana read lusted into the
ffiy political divisions which nov
appear upon the map q our own
country.
We have been busy, very busy,
n this big country Of ours in the
comparatively short period since
he Swedes, the Dutch, the Span
lat. the French and the English
rers stalking out" their respect
I've claims upon the Atlantic
frs' ase from the southern iip of
, sngiis 70 the frozen north. But
VIZ se recall the steps b. which
-.ss -rea Was united, enlarged,
g~-SlL.el and then divided and
@-,-si.ided into territories and
,<-.rs, We hai many interesting
sH1 4lGnst f'-gotten incidents.
.lcw many @. the twenty million
= --gls living n the states Of Ohio.
.atIsr@, Illl-ois. Michigan and
T'sta~s:r 2. Sd ne skct hat the
srrs Rhi-h iAry ro~. occupy was
a. - i.a.s = part q. the province
g. iilfbcs
-ivE aetA O. he ,c.s iaillion
p~rn., E s-e .iAG-s = nis. rnsin.
isss. ST. a~-.fo sfi e.rt II The
bekair. = sf.e Ia. u. section
NL'sn Lee leH oo1lTF wss once
> go - u.r s.gti.o,y - Michigan.
rh..c AT. "a .efs rns ssht
t'rlss ~ rslca rs ia4s vh-i the
Ter, cay rss csi1thshca Ai4l six
ilFse' - ~ . - that of tbs pres
en-. "a. G ..ich Sra7
Tie Territory of E, -sr-i oIce
we.uc~l &c 1rua ,ol.sar the
ln.s.r. stni.s @. io-va, Storask4,
Nof,t DaE-i4. SoiaA. Dakota.
s-rkansss, Misraur. ard part a
nc present. area ci nmlos0ta.
Nyvmlas. +cul4na. ks.sas. okla
hon. aid f'0.oraGa.
aLc Territory Of Indiana n lS0a
iftlC-el what Is now Minnesota
anc a par; oi the Dakoi@s.
Texas. which is now nearly
~ lce IS large Is any other state
q Inc Union. is ~ the present
unie only about iw0-thirds as big
cs when admitted. and part of 4
ker original AREA now forms parts
3f I've other states, New Mexico.
Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado ard
Wyoming.
The area relincuished 20 the
Common Union b. The thirteen
states after the close Of
the Revolutionary War now forms
part ~ al q thirteen other states
having a combined ARIA greater
than that Of the present area of
the original thirteen which gave
their western area & the Common
Union.
The Nsuon's Beginnings
The first permanent setlemer.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

the area thus added being about
$4,000 square miles.
Our Recent Accessions.
In 1867 Alaska with its enormous
territory was purchased from Rus
sia for $1,000, 900, and is now
the only area o. continental Uni
ted States still governed as a ter
ritory, al other parts OF the great
continental areas added having
been transformed INTO states after
passing through their ''probation
period" as territories. The great
Territory Of Nebraska at one time
q part Of tkc still greater Terri
tory Of Missouri was sub-divid-
Cd into the States Of Nebraska and
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

United States. In the Virgin Islands
the governor u also designated by
ths President ot the United States
and the legislative functions are
vested in colonial council The
governors Of Guam and Samoa are
naval officers Of the United States.
designated by the President for
that service, AM the Governor Of
the Panama Canal Zone Is an army
officer desigaated for that service
by the President. The population
Of the Philippine Islands is about
ie.5oo, 900, Porto Rico 1900. 900
Hawaii 25o,09o, Alaska $1,000. the
Virgin Islands 26.0co, the Pan
ANA Canal Zone 1900.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04
THE STORY OF THE STATES
The Process Which Our Original Thirteen Were Enlarged and

c0iories. The British fag AZ that
moment feW from the southern tip
q FLORIDA l. the northern border
Of Canada, for npr.da had mean
time been hrougt under the Brit
ish flag; and following this exten-
sion al Canadian Government ever
the area lying sea;h ard west q
tire Great Lakes, the colonies
claiming that area joined with
those which were already clam0r-
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

tion lying west Of Lake Michigan
which included the area now
known as Wisconsin, Iowa, Mime
sofa, and parts Of North and South
Dakota. When the original Terri
tory Of Michigan applied in 1887
for admission as a state, there
existed a bitter dispute between
that territory and the State Of
Ohio as to the boundary line be-
tween them, Michigan claiming
an area which would have given
her the port Of Toledo at the
southern tip Of Lake Michigan,
and 10 settle that dispute amic-
ably, Congress gave 70 Michigan
the area now Known IS the North
ern Peninsula" which subsequent.
~ became extremely valuable
through the development Of its
great copper and iron and timber
interests. The section az the west
which had been temporarily at
tached 10 Michigan was then es-
tablished as the Territory Of Wis
consin.T while the area lying d.
rectly west Of the State OF Ohio
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

followed in detail within the hmi-
iAtions Of this discussion. Ken
lucky was admitted as a state in
1892, and Tennessee IN 1895. In
1900 the western part of the terri
tory northwest Of the Ohio and ex-
tending 10 the Mississippi and the
Canadian line WAS cut of ard es-
iabiished under the title Of Indiana
Territory and in 1908 the State Of
Ohio established. Ia 1905 the ter
riiory lying between Lakes Michi-
gan and Huron was established
as the Territory Of Michigan"
and il later proved a convenient
nucleus to which 70 attach for
temporary government the Sec
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

l7Se. North Carolina l7sl. and
l7g0. South Czreiina l7s7, and
Georgia n 1902 Vermont, which
Rad been claimed By tke State q
New York - : p2rs of her area,
purchased independents from that
state By pAying $4,000 and vas
subsequently, admitted 70 the
lniqn as re first Lew state
Maine. which hzE Desn claimed and
governed b. Massachusetts, for
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

subsequently divided into Alabama
and Mississippi
The Territories Absorbed into
the Union
The steps - Which these two
gr,saf areas. the Territory North
west Of the Chic and the Territory
Scuth of the Ohio. were trans
formed into separate territorial
and state organizations cAnnot he
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

1898 on dSrpward. was admitted
IN lSss aai lAo group Of nlands
established Ia 1900 as the Terrltcry
OF Hawaii. The Virgin Islands
which lie last east Of Porto Rico
were purchased from Denmark in
1917 for s25.ocO. COO. tie chief pur-
pose being thom ooLtroi as a naval
station. The Pane Canal Zone.
five miles on each .'ss az the Pan.
ANA Canal, was IN 1903 granted
in perpeiuity 20 TIE Uri.ed States
by the Panama Csvernment on
the payment of Si0.soo.e00 By the
United States, 20 lie followed by
annual payments OF $3.50. 900 be
ginning nine years after the agree
ment Alaska, the Philippines. the
Hawaiian Islands and Porto Rico
have their own legislative bodies.
but the governor Is in each case
designated by the President Of the
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

control Of Virginia ur.l its adnis-
sen IS state n 1892, mr. cid !.
s-.sl1ee tie wes.err area Of Ceor-
ga which ras not ceded % the
fion ur.il 1913. sn3 shen became
tx Territory o. Mississippi, and
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

under the title Of Indiana Terri
tory" had meantime been divided
INTO the territories Of Indiaza and
Illinois Indiana became q state
II ,si6 and illinois in lsll
.as Territory South II ths Ohio
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

h-t 32e .000 square niles. These
oessions - tie western territory
by The colonies did nos ocrur s.
rrluftz-eously Int cernn with .Scw
York n ISL. Virginia in lTsa,
Massachusetts, l7s5. Cozacrt;eat
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

ing for Independence, ard al q
TIE British colonies on the North
American continent except Florida
a. ths south ard Canzda AZ the
north united IN the declaration q
l7I6, declaring themselves no lon
ger colonies but free and indepen-
dent states.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04
The First Territories.

The First Territories.
i; was az the close Of that mem
orable struggle. when the peace
treaty with Great Britain in i7s3
gave 10 the new United States q
America the entire area extending
10 the Mississippi AZ The west ana
the Canadian border az the north.
that the question 4 the method II
government in that great interior
area came q the front and de-
mandec solution. Seven of the
eolonies-Massachusetts. Connec-
tlcut New Norl Virginia. North
tarolins South Carolina. and
Georgi&- claimed that their orig
insl grants extended westward u
re Mississippi II rot farther. ana
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1922-09-04

The Nations Beginnings
The hrst Permanent setaemer.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1922-12-28
PoWNAL CENTER.

Mr. and Mrs. Claud Thomson of
Greenwich. n Y, spent Christmas
here with relatives.
Miss Eva Kimpton of Boston is Wis
ting this week at the home of Mr.
and Mrs, Thomas f. Powers.
Miss Ruth Ma on and brother, Dan
lei and Frank are visiting friends in
New York city for the holidays.
Mr. and MIS- Burton Vanderwalker
are passing a few weeks at the home
Of MIR. and Mrs. Arthur Houghtaling.
William Campbell returned from the
Moth Adams hospital Saturday, where
he recently underwent an operation
upon an eyelld
Mr. and Mrs. James Peekham and
Mr. and Mrs Elisha Hayes spen;
Chr stmas with Mr.. and Mrs. Frank T.
Hayej Of Bennington
Mr. Edla Burke entertained VI
Annabelle Burke of Stamford, Arthur
Burke ami family of Williamstown and
Miss Pauline Smith of North Adams
Christmas.
George Ely who recently purchased
the Brick House property in Pownal
village has sold his home here tc
Mrs. Laura Young Possession is to
be given the first of May.
i ank +. Mason had the misfortune
to injure his knee cap last week by
slipping on snow. A splinter of WOOD
passed completely through his knee
An operation was necessary
About hundred people enjoyed the
Christmas tree exercises at Summit
Hal last Friday evening given by The
children who attend the Pownal Cen
ter school The program was exten
sive, but was very we'll given ant
showed much combined effort on the
part of both the little pupils and THEN
teacher Mis- Avis Myers.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1922-12-28
BENNINGTON BRIEFS
News Of the Town and Village and
Advertisements.

Mrs f. L. Bottum and daughter,
Rutland Miss Stella Van Gorder
were in Troy Wednesday.
Earl Taraldsten has returned from
Brooklyn, where he has been spend
ing a few days at his home.
James Oliver Curwoods THE Girl
from Porcupine,' and an Educational
comedy. IIarte theatre tomorrow. y
Americas fayorite play picturized,
"The Old Homestead" Friday night,
Saturday afternoon and night Opera
house. w
Mr.. and Mrs. Martin Peckham of
Staten Island spent Christmas at the
home of Mrs. Catherine Grant OF I'm
perial avenue
Faire Binney in THE Girl from
Porcupine," full OF thrills and action
and an Educational comedy. Harte
theatre tomorrow.
DO you know that your old rubbers
or arctics can be made equal to new
at the Vermont Shoe Repairing Shop
at 1913 North street? 2at2
Mrs. Clarence l.. Holden, who, with
her family, is spending the winter In
Springfield, is spending a few days
with friends In town.
Fare Binney in The Girl from
Porcupine," story OF the great
northwest and an Educational com
edy. Harte theatre tomorrow
George Noveck Is spending va.
cation of two weeks at the home OF
his parents, Mr. and Mrs. n. Novel,.
He is employed in Ashley, III.
Mrs. G. l.. HARDWOOD has returned
from Troy, where she was called by
the illness Of her mother. She was
accompanied home by Miss Jane De.
long, U.o .
Miss Margaret Thompson of Wash
ington, d. c., Miss Mary Thompson
OF Arlington and Rev r. j. Thompson
OF Burlington visited friends in town
Wednesday.
Harry Spear has received a post
card from Leonard Day, the hiker
who visited Bennington last summer
on his trip through the border states
OF the Union. While in Bennington he
made his headquarters at the Stark
Hose house and became acquainted
with several members OF the company.
The card to Mr.. Spear was mailed at
Albion, Mich.
One OF the prize steers shown at the
international stock show in Chicago
Is being exhibited today at the Guilt
nan market The Armour company
purchased a number OF the steers pay.
ing SIPS a pound live weight for the
animals which were slaughtered and
are now being used for exhibition
purposes at different markets The
steer at the Cullinan market is a year
ling and weighed 760 pounds. The car
cases are being shown for the pur
pose OF encouraging farmers to
raise beef cattle.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1922-12-28
POWER Is CRIPPLED
BY WATER SHORTAGE
Hytro Electric Plants at Vernon and
West Cummerston Run.
nina Short.

Brattleboro Dec a6-Froaen ground
md lack OF autumn rains have con.
,pired to create n serious shortage
If water for the development of cleo.
.leical power at the hydro-electric
plant in southeastern Vermont, as
well as shortage on the farms for
the use of stock. The warm weather
the past few days has made no notice
able difference at the Vernon plant OF
the Connecticut River Power Com.
pany on the Connecticut river or the
electric stations of the New England
Power company on the Deerhcld river
and II Is sald at those plants that no
relief is anticipated until the Janu'
lry thaws.
The Connecticut river has not been
~ low as now for several years. AT
the power plant in Vernon there are
10 electrical units. two of 5000 horse.
power each and eight of 5000 horse.
power each. The company could mar
ket full capacity night and day II It
1ad the water TO develop that much
power, but under present conditions
ii Is able to run only seven units dur.
Ing the day and only three at night.
In the daytime the two 5000 horsepow.
er units and five OF the 5000 horsepow
er units are used, but Ut night all but