davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Whole Electric Plan
Condemned as Bad

OF that Government and all its
works and pomps. karalas uses un-
printable language good deal OF
which is applicable. for it refers TO the
period when Lenine was a Bolshevik
himself. The grand scheme of electri-
fication, Karalas-himself "A competent
American engineer--denounce as "a
complete failure, badly conceived.
badly carried out. an utter waste Of
time and money and human energy
from start to finish. A Bolshevik Gov
ernment Identification committee. con-
sisting of 200 experts. drew up an
elaborate and optimistic report OF that
scheme The power of the Nolkhov
and Svera rivers between Ladoga and
the Gulf OF Finland. north of Petro-
grad, was to be utilized as the power
Of Niagara has been utilized for cleo
trical purposes in Buffalo; all the
Russian railways were to be electri-
fled. and great centers Of electrical
power were to he established south of
Moscow and at various points through
out European and Asatic Russia.
The magnitude and feasibility Of
these vast schemes made a good inn
preston on American engineers, and
many newspapers In Europe and
America commented favorably on
them: but these foreign observers
were all ignorant apparently Of the
fact that the plans for the Ladoga
scheme at least had been drawn up
before the war under the direction Of
the Cars Government. which would
probably have completed that scheme
successfully II 1t had remained in
power. The plans and specifications
on which the Bolshevik electricians
worked had actually been prepared
under the reactionary Stoypin fifteen
years ago. and the Bolsheviks. while
adding nothing new to them. failed to
carry them out, with the result that
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

Government in Vladivostok. But Gen.
open move until he sees more clearly
which way things are turning.
The monarchist parties, however
have agreed that he is the only man to
take over the regency until a decision
is made as to who the sovereign final
ly will be. The two pretenders Dmitry
and Cyril agreed to the same principle,
that is, only to accept the crown when
the Russian people seek ii. But the
will Of the people. as all three of them
see it, would not be through a Duma
nor a popular assembly in the western
sense of a universal suffrage. They
would reintroduce a replica of the old
Sobor the last of which met in 1913
and which then elected the Romanoffs
to become the reigning house of All
the Russias. Such a Sober would give
the various estates. mobiles, clergy and
peasants, as in France before the
revolution, each its own representa-
tives. 1t is easy to imagine too that
the first two stages would have a
preponderant voice in the final choice
HIS 10 lllClIstltQ III lilc Stj VI VII
ferences which to-day divide the Rus
sian monarchists among themselves.
Cyril, for example, is regarded by
many monarchists as disqualified for
the throne because there is an article
in the old Russian code which provides
that the parents of the Car must be
members of the Orthodox Church. As
many of the Romanoffs. Vladimir,
Cyrifs father married German prin-
cess. But she, differing from the late
Czarina, did not change from the Prot
estant faith to the Orthodox Church.
This would eliminate Cyril in the eyes
of the old orthodox believers.
Prince Cyril, perhaps feeling uncer-
tain in his claim, seems to have de-
parted somewhat from the common
pact to await for the decision of a
Sober. because recently he made a for
NAL proclamation announcing his
claim to the throne.
Cyril is not liked in old monarchist
circles. especially in court ones. His
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Newcomers Were Not
Welcome as Workers

When an attempt was made to starr
the returned Communists on engineer
ing work the muddle became even
more hopeless. The Bolsnevik trade
unions were hostile and objected TO
the newcomers doing any work at all.
In short, the muddle was awful, in
terminable and impossible, so that the
hungry and bitterly disappointed
Americans took to selling the ma
chimes they had brought with them
and skedaddling right and left. Some
Of the skilled mechanics among them
got jobs as hospital assistants. Mo-
torists got into Government offices az
clerks. factory hands obtained en-
ployment as unskilled laborers, and
every one of them cursed Communism
with a fervor that could not be sur
passed by the most violent anti-Bol-
shevik in America, and tried In vain
to get out of the Communist paradise.
The majority became finally "specu-
lators" and smugglers. though specu-
lation and smuggling were then two OF
the seven deadly sins in the Commu-
mist catechism. AS result of this
Illegal activity many OF them were ar
rested and are now in JAIL cursing
Communism worse than ever.
Karalas represented this hopeless
state OF things to Steklov. editor Of the
T<Uyestid. and proposed that all immi-
grafton from America should be
stopped till the immigrants could be
organized in groups capable of step
ping into the kind Of factory to which
they had been accustomed, and bring
ing the necessary machinery with
them from America. Steklov accepted
this proposal and wrote several arti-
cles on 1t In his paper. He also pre-
scented 1t to the central committee OF
trade unions, which approved of 1t,
with the result that immigration from
America is now stopped save with the
permission OF that central committee.
Karalas. though yesterday n Com
munist. Is severer on Russian Com
munism than most English and Amer
lean editors. He maintains, for exam
pie, that the famine was the re-
suit. not of drought, nor of the block
ade. nor the Intervention. but simply
Of the Communist system, and he
maintains that things can never come
right in Russia till every trace OF
Communism has been swept away. AS
long as any vestige Of Communism re-
mains there will be muddle and no
possibility OF Russia even entering on
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

sleep for weeks in some derelict goods
trucks on a rusty and grass grown
siding. After that they were trans
ferred to a cold. damp and ruinous
barrack with holes in the roof and no
glass in any of the windows. and at
this stage the reception committee
faded away and the Communists from
America seemed to be utterly forgot
ten by the people whom they had
come to help.
Karalas did his best to get things
going, but the collapse OF the whole
machinery of social life in Moscow
was at that time so complete that his
best amounted to nothing. Moreover,
Bolshevik red tape tied up everybody
and everything in SO many knots that
nothing could be done.
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Dmitry Is Popular
as One Of the
Con S pira t Q r $
Who Put an End
to Rasputin, the
Fanatic Monk
Who Ruled the
Czarina

der of things in Russia. They are
Great Russians. They would not rec
ognize the freedom of the Baltic prov
inces, and only in an ambiguous form
that of Poland. They would set ap
Orthodox Church again along the old
lines and attempt to restore land titles
to their old owners.
Movements Within
Movements Are Many
The Constitutionalists. called the
Jnion of Russian Popularists, COM
rise several different movements and
are more progressive. In their ranks
are Cadets and even moderate Intel
lectuals of Social revolutionary lean-
ings. The right wing Is represented
by Ieffimovsky. a Moscow lawyer, for
merly a member of the Cadet party.
Professor Milioukoff stands at the
other extreme and is technically out
side the party. He seeks to make "A
bridge between the Cadets and mod
crate Social Revolutionaries such as
Savinkoff. This left wing of the Con-
stitutionalists would. as their name in
dicates. restore a monarchy but within
the limits of more or less demo-
cratic constitution. They would re-
store the Douma, making the Gar a
sort of tame King of England.
They are not propagandists for the
Greater Russia. They have already
recognized the independence of Poland,
Finland and the Baltic provinces.
Although they think that sooner or
later the Baltic provinces will come
into a federation with Russia, they
agree to recognize their full freedom
and autonomy. The Constitutionalists
have admitted an independent Poland.
These two great factions are now
grouped together under a common
monarch:st committee with headquar-
ters In Munich. They propose to hold
their next congress in September at
Nice, and then TO transfer their head
quarters to Paris. The Russian
monarchists felt more at home in
monarchist Bavaria than elsewhere.
But since the German Government
concluded the Treaty OF Rapallo they
now find themselves in an awkward
position recognizing the Soviet Gov
ernment. Also Germans are no longer
able to advance money to the Rus
slams.
The monarchists have therefore de-
cided to move their headquarters to
Paris, where they have support in
several political and banking circles.
Gen. Wrangel has carefully avoided
afiiliating himself with any one of
the monarchist factions. The remnants
Of his army are therefore regarded by
all factions as the monarchist army
which one day will support the reg
ency and restored sovereignty Of a
Romanoff.
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

New YORK HERALD eEclnstUe nctCS OF
the remuneration of BolSheUisnt By
Nik0ldi Lenine. Capt. McCulldghs
dispatch, iohich i0ds printed on March
10, aods report OF a remarkable
speech made By Lenine to the Tenth
Communist Congress IN MoscoU.
Lenine said, in brief, that the idea Of
acorld reroluti0n C1S madness, that
Russia could not progress 1cithoat
foreign assistance and that she must
make agreements tCith capitalist goo.
eT1ime entS.
Publication Of this nelcs 1cGs a
shock not only to newspapers aChoSe
correspondents tcere less alert and
iUeU informed but to official circles
as aoell. For three days denials pro.
rceded from ",oeu informed quar-.
tcrs.' Ultimately, hoWeuer, Secre.
tdry OF State Hughes and Premier
Lloyd George publicly confirmed the
correctness OF THE NEw YORK HER
AIDS information.
Capt. McCulldgh has noD re-
turned to Russia, tohere his famil-
drity ioith the language giUeS him eT-
ceptiondl advantages for obtaining
eGclusire neaDS. He aoiH send to THE
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Under Suspicion.
Was Sent to Prison

Among other prominent Bolsheviks
with whom Karalas associated In Mos
COW was Northeva, the Finnish Boil
shevik about whom there was a good
deal of discussion in the summer Of
1920, when Krassin first went to Lon
don. On that occasion Northeva, who
was in Canada. wanted to join Krassin.
put was arrested by the British au-
thorities, who announced their inten-
ton of sending him to Finland, where
he would undoubtedly be imprisoned,
IL not put to death. Finally the Rus
sian Government prevailed on Down
ing street TO send Northcva to Moscow
instead; and In Moscow Northeva
worked for a time In the Peoples
Tommissariat Of Foreign Affairs.
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

Special Correspondence to THE NEW York
HERALD.
Copyright, 1929, Jy THE New YORK HERALD
KovNo. Aug. IS.
TTHILE waiting at Kovno for
wv the repair of the airplane
which started with me for
Moscow yesterday. but which broke
down here, | met specimen of a
fraternity which is now getting fairly
numerous on the confines of Red
munist who has worked for Lenine
out Is now tired or him and doesn't
zee anything in his fascinating the
cries.
He was a Lithuanian called Anoph-
reus keralas. an engineer by profess
sion 30 years of age, though he looked
considerably younger. and evidently a
we'll informed and competent man.
Karalas left Lithuania young. lived
year and a half in Liverpool, England.
and spent thirteen years in the United
States. He entered Valparaiso Uni
versity, Indiana in 1911. and re-
manned there till 1915. after which he
entered the TiI-State University, In
diana. which he left in 1916, after hav-
ing taken the electrical engineering
course there. Getting employment in
the Edison Company, he was arrested
by the American police for his Com
munist activities and made to give
$4,000 bail, for he was at that time
pronounced Communist; and In 1920
he returned to Lithuania, having prob
ably been deported by the American
Government. though he does not say
so.
On Sept. 25. 1920 he entered Moscow
on behalf of the American Society of
Technical Aid for Soviet Russia; but
a years residence in Russia cured him
completely of Communism. and now
he is leading a peaceful bourgeois life
on his little estate in Lithuana. He
has found time to organize a battalion
Of Lithuanian Boy Scouts. and also to
write one of the most crushing expo
sures of Russian Communism in prac-
tice that has ever been written.
Karalas saw Lenine in April, 1921,
and describes the Red Dictator as hav-
ing been then. according to all appear
ances, in thoroughly robust health. He
addressed a rousing speech to the
Communist Committee of which Kar-
alas was then a member. and nothing
in his words or his manner gave any
indication of the incurable Illness
which was so soon to strike him down.
That illness is the same as that which
carried off Lord Northcliffe. and the
seeds of 1t we're probably sown In both
cases by overwork. karalas also saw
Trotzky about the same time, and
formed high idea of his energy and
capacity. Contrary TO most observers
OF Russian politics, he thinks that
Trotzky is very anxious for Soviet
Russia to come to terms as soon as
possible with foreign capitalists. This
10 due 10 the fact that Trotzky is now
increased financially in g good many
companies which have been formed in
accordance with the new Soviet laws
regarding commercial enterprises; and.
being shrewd man. he sees that,
without the speedy assistance OF for
eign capital, these companies cannot
succeed.
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Came From America.
but Was DisiIlusiored

karalas gave me an Interesting ac-
count of the arrival in Russia, a year
or two ago, of large numbers of Ameri-
can Socialist workmen, only very few
of whom, however, were Americans,
most OF them being Russians and
Lithuanians settled in America.
Twenty-Five thousand OF these en-
thusiasts came from the States in the
fall and summer OF 1920. but there was
only one American engineer among
them and he soon became very dis
gusted with the Soviet way OF doing
business, and finally conceived yio-
lent dislike for the>whoe Communist
theory.
The same change has since taken
place in the case OF the American
workmen, who came at the same time.
and there Is not one of the Russian
workers who came on that occasion
from America that has retained any
faith in the principles Of Karl Marx.
Most Of them, like Karalas himself.
would give all they possess to be back
in America again and able 10 cal
themselves United States citizens.
Before they arrived in Russia those
immigrants were very enthusiastic
about Communism, but the change In
their views began before they had
been twenty-four hours In Moscow.
At the Nilsolaevsky railway station
they found Karalas awaiting them.
He had just been asked by the SUI
preme Council of National Economy
to organize reception committee but
there was no food and no lodging
awaiting them, and they were left to
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Cars Uncle Not Eager
to Claim the Crown

There is a mistaken notion that the
Russian monarchists want to put Gen.
Nicholai Nicholaievich. uncle of the
late Car, on the Nrone. He has still
wide popularity and is highly esteemed
in Russian monarchist circles. But he
is now man we'll over sixty, and dis
tinctly tired. He himself is not eager
for the job. lie has stated definitely
that he viii not accept appointment
from the Russian refugees outside of
Russia. Only the will of the Russian
people he has said will decide him to
accept this post. Monarchists assert
that this has already been given by
popular vote in the white Russian
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
By CAPT. FRANCIS McuLLAcH.

There his business was to control the
granting OF passports and visas to
people who wanted either to leave or to
enter Russia; but in the end he him
self fell under the suspicion of his
employers and was imprisoned by
them AS far as Karalas knows, he is
still in prison.
While he was still a passport officer
he spoiled a clever scheme of karalas's
for leaving Russia for the United
states in order to bring back American
engineers of Communist leanings for
the work of reconstruction in Russia.
This scheme was really a blind to
cover bolt from Russia, of which
Karalas had by that time become quite
tired karalas first submitted it to
Sverdlov, now chairman of the COM
mittee for the reconstruction of Soviet
Russia, and formerly tailor in Lon
don, and Sverdlov approved of it.
recommended it. but Northeva saw
through it at once and refused Kara
las visa.
Then Karalas tried to escape. but
he was arrested and confined in
Smo!ensk prison. There he met a large
number of other political prisoners;
and what surprised him most about
them was the fact that they We're all
Mensheviss, Socialist -Revolutionaries
and Anarchists, but never Monarch
lists or Reactionaries. The explana-
ton given by Karalas is that the Boil
sheviks have no longer the slightest
fear of the Monarchist Russians, whose
amazing incapacity for effective plot
ting fills the Soviet Government with
a contempt amounting almost to pity.
What the BolshevilS leaders are
really afraid of is the Socialist -Revo-
lutionary party, which is very large,
well organized, and served by agents
who are as competent at plotting as
the Bolshevists themselves. Trotzky
sees that the Socialist t-Revolutionaries,
or s. RS as they are called for short.
have a greater chance than any other
nom Bolshevik party in Russia of over
throwing the Soviet Government, for
they have all the revolutionary cries
Of the Communists, and claim to have
a more sensible program which would
never have landed Russia in her pres
ent economic mess. Hence the merci-
lessness of the Moscow Government
toward the Social al-Revolutionary con-
spirators, whom il recently condemned
despite the protest of all Socialism In
the outside world.
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Communist Who Left the
United States to Enjoy
Benefit Of Lenine Theo-
ries Now Realizes His Mis-
take Russian Trade May
Be Stagnant for Years


TIE New HERALD Capt Francis McCulldgh again
the
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

frequent intervals
Gued and UU be pubshed inned
ately establishment Of Communist
Souiet Russid to find the
hn he 'oe or
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Great Awakening Sure
to Come in Industry


China herself has high ideals and
when her domestic system gives way
there will be great industrial revolu-
ton, as In England a century ago, for
her women are eager to enter the
marts Of trade like the American typ
lists and shop girls. and the wonderful
success they show when given the OPP
portunity TO learn, together with their
great patience, promises that as up
to-date' happers they have the germ
implanted in their imaginations.
When President Harding in his
inaugural address said: I'VE know
full well we cannot sell where we do
not buy, and we cannot sell success
fully where we do not carry" he tapped
the root Of the shipping problem, since
with the Shipping Board rests the
future TO great degree OF American
commerce. The opportunity is there
with the Orient and particularly China
but it depends on the policy OF the
Shipping Board as TO whether America
grasps this opportunity of keeping
money in the United States. The
trouble is. America is so rich in her
own possibilities and so vast in area
that she has never thought OF the sea
and foreign fields as England has, and
likewise Japan and Holland.
BE 1t understood that we deal on a
different basis from England, for wher-
ever the British pound goes there fol-
lows the Union Jack with its protec-
tion. since the Old Lady of Threadneedle
Street Is seldom caught mapping The
United States must realize that ships
can be built on the Clyde cheaper than
in our America. and that other vessels
can carry cheaper than the American
Shipping Board because no labor prob
lens regulate their crews TO forbid the
employment Of Malays and Chinese.
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

VI.
Berlin, Sept. 8.
~ USSIAN monarchists have dis
covered that the strength Of
= the Soviet Government lies in
their members subordinating personal
differences to conform to Commun-
list party discipline. The mon
archists who until this year have been
divided into a dozen different factions
have now agreed to bury their particu-
lar differences as far as necessary to
present a United front to the outside
world. They formed a Central Mon
archist committee in Munich after
their conference last fall. and have
agreed to work together at least as
long as antimonarchist Governments
remain in power in Russia.
The two pretenders and candidates
to the throne of Russia are cousins of
the Car. both Romanoffs. One of
these is Cyril Vladimirovich and the
other Dmitry Pavlovich. Each has
about an equally valid claim to the
throne. Cyril recently issued a proc
with the reservation that he would not
seek the throne should Prince Michel,
br rother of the Gar, still be alive.
What happened to Prince Michel may
never be known. The Bolshevilts as
sert that he was killed in the revolu-
ton but have never supplied details
where or how.
His mother, the aged Maria Feodo-
rowna of Denmark, imagines him still
alive and sees him as the logical sue
cessor TO the throne despite his pie
beian marriage to the daughter of a
Moscow lawyer.
1t was doubtless out of consideration
for her rather than because Of any
real belief i'll his being alive that
Prince Cyril mentioned Prince Michel
The New York herald., 1922-09-24
Grand Duke Cyril
Recently Assert
ed His Rights to
the Throne, Sub
ject to the Posi-
bic Reappearance
Of Prince Michel,
Supposedly Dead

BY SANFORD GRIFFITH.
Special Correspondence to THE New YORK
HERALD.
Copyright, 1929, by THE New York HERALD.
New York Herald Bureau.
Berlin, Sept. 8.
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

LndL cause pOlltlcal unrest ana
= civil warfare are hardly more
than the fights between the kites and
crows when compared with the great
opportunities for foreign capital in
China, since the Far East to-day
offers tremendous market for Amer
lean products. In the long future
China is bound to be the greatest for
eign outlet in the world for American
enterprise If properly developed.
There are now more than 10000
miles of railway in China, compared
with $500 In Japan, and as this facil-
ity for travel Is operated by foreign
ers, the safety of foreigners usually
is assured despite brigand attacks
sometimes on tourists or pirates
efforts to hold up water commerce in
the interior. The type OF rolling
stock as well as the roadbeds are for
the most part European, though the
dining and freight cars and most OF
the locomotives of south Manchuria.
Pel<in and Mukden are of American
type, while the average rate is twenty
two miles Of speed to the hour.
There are so many signs Of Chinas
awakening that il is difficult TO label
them under any particular head, since
new thought and modern ways dove
tail with so much that presages
change. Millions of dollars worth Of
American machinery whirs in Chinese
factories. China has also recently
sent missions of silk manufacturers
to investigate the making Of silk in
America for the purpose Of improving
her output. Business and old Gus
toms are gradually giving way 10 the
external teachings of Western technic.
since the idea prevails that it is best
to leave old China alone. morally ana
culturally, and leave it. TO trade AMI
medicine to work those reforms that
pure missionary zeal alonc cannot
effect. Our ethics seem rather like
new wine in old bottles"
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

y HE factional strifes in China
that cause political unrest and
ciyu x,,a,faro - hard1., ,,oro
The New York herald., 1922-09-24

Hpecldl C0TTe8poNdcNcc 20 TIE VIEW YORK
HERALD.
Copyright, 1929, Jy THE New YORK HERALD
KovNo Aug. IS.
IVY HILE waiting at kovno for
wv the repair of the airplane
which started with me for