davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1922-01-22

outlook, Obstructive Of all that is best
in the Far East, and doomed, willy
nilly. to be oppressors II they have
the power.
Under these circumstances the
worst thing that could happen
would be Japanese-American war.
leading to the destruction of every
thing distinctive in the civilization
Of the yellow races, the increase Of
white tyranny. and the launching
Of America upon a career Of militia.
ristic imperialism. On the other
hand. the best thing that could hap
pen would be a diplomatic humilia-
ton Of the Japanese military party,
causing Japan itself to become less
aggressive and less anxious to sub
jugate the adjoining mainland.
The difficulty is that Japan will
not yield except to the threa. of
war. II England and America, at
Washington, join in insisting on
the evacuation of Shantung, one
may presume that Japan will give
way sooner than face a war against
both combined. II America alone
threatens, Japan will probably
choose war. and be destroyed.
What is. Of course. to be expected
Is that America will give way, in
substance, though not in form,
about Shantung, in return for Japa.
nese acceptance of the naval ra-
ito; that after a few years American
spies will report truly or falsely that
Japan Is building secretly; that In
the meantime America will have
fortified naval bases in the neigh
borhood of Japan; and that then
America will proceed to destray
Japan with a good conscience.
do not see any issue from this cycle
of disaster except a change Of heart
in Japan. OF course, a change OF
heart in America would be just as
good, but nothing will convince
Americans that they need a change
of heart.
But in all this am speaking Of
the future, not Of the immediate
situation. For the moment. Anglo.
American cooperation at Washing
ton can secure two important things:
~ the naval ratio, (2) a breathing
space for China by a curbing Of Jap
anese ambitions. II these ends are
achieved the Washington Confer.
encs will have been useful.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Dedicate Only Mosque
of MOflammed i'm ". S.

DETROIT. Jan. 21.-The followers
Of Mohammed here took part in
a double celebration. the dedication
Of their new mosque. the only one
in the United States. and the obser.
walton Of the feast of ID ul.Filtr,
which marks the end Of q thirty.
day fast.
Rugs were strewn over the earth
floor and on these Detroit's Mos.
lens, with shoes removed, knelt in
prayer. In the line Of march, that
bore the banners Of America, Ara
bia. Syria and Turkey, were the
Sheiks Kaliel Bizzy and Hussien
Karoub and the special missionary
to America, DR.. Mutt Muhammed
Sadiq, lately come from India. Be.
douins in native costume followed
the sheiks.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Anticipated Ships.

What IL the net result Of ZAP
proved in principle" growing out Of
the Washington pow-wow7 That is
the question asked on all sides.
1. A lot Of antiquated naval ships
are to be done something with. But
what? On the first day OF the con-
ference Secretary Hughes proposed
that the old ships should be sunk
instantly. Later 1t was suggested
that they be converted into mer.
chant ships. And now we are told
"a period OF months is to elapse
before their destruction and now
We are informed from Washington
that the experts have sanctioned
six ways in which this disposition
may be accomplished. They are,
by sinking. by breaking up. by con-
version into harbor craft, or naval
auxiliaries such as supply, repair or
cable ships. by use as targets, or
by employment as seagoing sunnery
training ships, to shoot or be shot
at"
Who is to superintend their de-
struction of conversion or whatever
else IL to be done with them? That
is important but left at loose ends.
2. At first the idea was that DUR
the vacation" in shipbuilding
there was to be cessation in build
ing navy crafts. Now the idea 10
that mono Of the parties to the
alliance don't shy at the word. for
1t 10 . revival Of the alliance and
balance Of power plan long pre-
valent in Europe and we have def
nitely repudiated the mo entangling
alliances" II the Senate ratifies)
will not build new naval ships on
foreign account which exceed the
size and armament limitations i'm
posed on the five powers in each
The Washington times., 1922-01-22

whole situation is the japanese in
feriority
COLOR CONSCIOUSNESS.
At every moment they are afraid
that they are being insulted or cold
khouldered on account of not being
white, and this makes them aggres-
sive and ill-mannered. This rs by
far the strongest part Of the Japan
ese case. Europeans do not beat
Japanese richshaw-drivers to make
them hurry. nor do their chauffeurs
dismount to cuff pedestrians who
are slow in getting out OF the way,
As I have seen the chauffeur of an
American do In Picking.
The Japanese are not liked by
either Europeans or Americans, but
they are treated with respect which
few white men show to the Chinese.
The reason Is simply that Japan
has q strong army and navy. White
men. as q rule, only respect those
who have power to kill them or de-
prfve them Of their means of liveli-
hood; and as wealth depends upon
success in war, skill in homicide is,
in the last analysis, the only thing
that secures tolerable courtesy from
a white man.
If AMERICA WON.
II the japanese. are defeated in
war by the Americans or by an
Anglo-American alliance there will
be . setback for the colored races
all over the world, and an intensifi-
cation Of the intolerable insolence
displayed towards them by white
men. There will be an immediate
catastrophe destruction of the Jap
anese civilization, which still has
many merits that our civilization
lacks. And following upon this
there will be q slow destruction of
the civilization Of China, not by
war. but by Americanization. The
big towns will become like Chicago,
and the small towns like Main
Street" Americans would feel that
they were comforting a boon in ef.
fecting this transformation, but no
person with any receptivity or aes-
thetic sense would share their view.
We may. therefore, diagnose the
situation as follows: Japan is in a
bad mood, and Is more Immediately
dangerous to China than any other
nation; but England and America
especially the latter-are, by the
very nature Of their civilization and
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
By BERTRAND RUSSELL
(OxfOrd Professor Recently Returned
From An Extensive Chinese Tour

r N international dealings It il use
less to expect any nation to
pursue any end which II does
not believe to be in its own interest.
No good to China could be expected
to come out of the Washington Con.
ference but for the fact that the
interests of both England and
America are. for the present, identi.
cal with those Of China, except in
q few points. such as our possession
of Hongkong. The immediate and
pressing aims Of any Chinese patriot
must be two: To end the internal
anarchy and to recover the indepen-
dence and integrity of China.
The aims Of English and Ameri-
can craftsmanship in China. from a
purely selfish point Of view. may
be taken to be the extension of trade
and the opportunity to exploit
Chinese natural resources. Terri.
torial ambitions have no place in
Americas program. and ought to
have mono in ours: believe that, in
fact, our ambitions in that respect
are limited I'm China to the reten-
ton Of what we already possess, or
rather of part of Il, for our Govern.
ment seems to have realized that
our true national interest would be
furthered by the restitution Of Wei
Hai.wei. What both English and
American interests most urgently
require in China is stable govern.
ment and the open door; that Is to
say, the ending Of anarchy and Of
Japanese territorial aggression. Our
interests are, therefore, for the
present, almost completely Identical
with those of China.
INTERESTS OF JAPAN.
The interests of Japan. at any
rate as conceived by the militarists
who control policy, are different
from ours, and not compatible with
the welfare Of China. Japan wishes
to be a great power In territory,
population, and industrial resources.
Japan has not much Of the raw
materials of industry, whereas China
has them in abundance. II Japan Is
to be able to conduct a long war
successfully, control of mines in
some portion OF China is essential.
Moreover, japanese statesmen have
not merely economic aims. but also
the desire for dynastic grandeur and
= vast empire. Psychologically. one
OF the fundamental causes of the
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Japan Sole Nation.

For this and for other reasons
which I have mentioned in previous
articles, democracies are essentially
non-militaristic. When war has come
democracies have frequently risen
with wonderful force and unanimity.
Athens did so when threatened with
the Persian invasions in $50 and 40
b. c. Rome did on many occasions.
Carthage tried to do SO, but did not
succeed. The most wonderful exhi-
bition Of all was given by the repub-
lie of France, when her almost un-
organized and undisciplined troops
defeated the armies of Prussia and
Austria at valmy in 1892. and when
Napoleon Bonaparte led similar
armies, sometimes almost ragged.
during the later years Of the repub-
lie against the armies Of the rest of
Europe.
The United States has acted
similarly when confronted with
actual war. The finest exhibition
was in 1s17-1s1S when she rushed
to the rescue Of Great Britain and
France.
BUT DEMOCRACIEs AFTER
EVERY WAR RELAPSE INTO
THE WAYS OF PEACE IMMEDI.
ATELY AND EXCESSIVELY. WE
SEE FRANCE. GREAT BRITAIN
AND THE UNITED STATES Do
ING 1T NOW. We DO NOT SEE
JAPAN DOING IT.
Common sense, experience and
history arc unanimous in declaring
that in any mans life. or in any
nations life, 1t is better to pursue
q consistent line Of conduct than to
go from one extreme to the opposite.
This does not mean that every man
end every nation should get into a
rut. and not try to adapt conduct to
circumstances; but 1t does mean
that there is for every man and for
every nation a middle path of wis
dom In which most wise men and
nations have tried to walk. To
wobble from one side to the other
is usually sign of thoughtlessness.
or ignorance, or indecision, or weak
ness. or all Of them.
This IL true of not only human
machines. but all machines. II you
see two engines at work. one of
which is proceeding smoothly and
regularly. while the other is pro-
ceeding jerlkily NOW fast and now
slow. with an occasional thump and
then a 5ar). you say to yourself
that the first machine will probably
last longer than the second. SINH.
larly. If you watch two candles burn.
ing. one Of which is burning
steadily. while tho other is flicker
Ing from great brightness to great
dimness. you say to yourself that
the first candle will probably last
longer than the second.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22

TIME term approved in princi-
pie" when used In interna-
tional gatherings is looked
upon as often being mere camou-
flage. va
There IL some confusion in many
minds about whether the confer
ence that has been In session 30 long
in washington was framing the
rules for another war. or preparing
regulations for a prize fight. or
semi-disarmament gathering, or a
polyglot talkfest about Siberia and
Manchuria and Shantung. an omelet
made out Of them all.
The main impression seems to be
that the distinguished gentlemen
swapping ideas and eating dinners
in Washington were so busy max.
ing rules for the next war that they
were unable to do little else except
reach Agreements in principle"
What Is an agreement in prin-
cipie." which seems to be the inter-
national way Of blowing around the
stump or lodging questions that
have several angles? ..-
II fully approve Of all the Vol.
stead act in principle" said q
bibulous friend of mine a few days
ago. ut Is a principle that is thor
oughly sound. My mind approves
It but my stomach rejects It."
All the delegates approved in
principle" disarmament, the aboli-
ton Of poison gas. the open door to
China, the abolition Of the sub
marine. the preservation Of the
territorial integrity Of China. the
scrapping of dreadnaughts, the pro-
lection Of merchant ships, the reduc-
ton Of standing armies. the preven-
ton Of airy navies graphing In the
central blue and plans to outlaw
war and the instruments which
threaten future war.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22

IF any man wishes to be wholly
a, free and independent. he must
"a go out into the wilderness and
live alone.
- II even two people live together
they must make concessions to
each other. II three people live
/, together. they must make more
I concessions. The greater the num-
, Der of people that live together.
4 the, more concessions each one
I, must make to the others.
Each human being isolated
afrom every other by the skin that
covers him, and no two human
= beings exactly, alike, it has never
been possible for large numbers
/. of them to live together without
f.. having some regulations or code Of
laws governing their relations with
. each other; and It has never been
4 possible to have this code OBJ
served. unless the people had a
/, ruler of some kind.
.Fr. In tn0 EnBusu language thc HtOot
j. common name for q ruler has
been king" Originally. kings
were elected. No matter how far
we go back into history, or how
, small tho tribes that awe observe:
|. or no matter how near to the
present time we come. or how
large the tribe or nation. we al.
ways see at its head king or
', the similitude of a king.
q Democracies, nevertheless, are
: not new creations, The democra-
/ Giles Of Athens and Rome. for in
;, stance, existed more than 500 years
) before Christ. Most of the democ-
racies in those days were small;
4 but ~ the first century before
Christ, the republic Of Rome had
n become the most powerful nation
, in the world. It was converted
into = an empire under Augustus
about the year 81 B. C.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Faults Of Democracy.

~ We see, therefore, that of the
four greatest countries in the world,
v three are virtually democracies and
4 one is virtually an autocracy.
= To an American. the best form of
government is a democracy. Yet
any intelligent American must see
that even a democracy cannot be
perfect, because it is an invention
Of imperfect man. He must also
see that there are many things to
be said in favor Of autocracies. For
instance, It IL easier to insure
strong and efficient government In
an autocracy than in a democracy;
The Washington times., 1922-01-22

the success attending the present
conference. This, Of course. Is proper.
for the world needs peace.
But there are signs which say
that the United States Is about to
swing to the anti.militaristic ex-
treme with greater violence than
ever before. Because the confer
ence has made It probable that waf
will not come for at least ten years.
millions Of people seem to be saying
to themselves that this means that
there will NEVER be another war.
What each person hopes is that 1t
will not be IN HIS LIFETIME.
Now, ten years Is . very short
time. UNDER THE ROMAN EN-.
PRE- THE CIVILIZED WORLD
WAS IN A STATE OF GENERAL
PEACE, DISTURBED ONLY BY
WARS WITH THE BARBARIANS
ON THE DISTANT FRONTIERS,
FOR MORE THAN THREE HUN.
DRIED YEARS. The United States
was at peace from 1865 until 1898. u
period Of thirty.three years. Ger
many was at peace from 1871 until
1914. a period of forty-three years.
Japan had no external wars between
1643 and 1894. a period Of 251 years.
Yet think Of the wars in which all
these countries have recently been
engaged!
Let us remember that the world
Is now SO covered with railroads and
steamship lines and telegraph wires
and cables. and the air Is 30 filled
with wireless kilograms and telc-
phone messages that events can hap
pen very much more quickly now
than they used to happen.
Let US remember. too. that the de-
velopment of the waste places in the
world. like those in China. il Just
beginning. and that innumerabls
causes Of friction and hostility are
certain to spring from them.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22

them the purple asters werS less
conspicuous than when all the
light rays were used. Hence It
was argued that II. as appeared
to be the case. the purple asters
were the most conspicuous to the
tortoiseshell butterflies. these in
sects must have the whole range
OF color vision.
He next took photos Of some
fritillaries and. by cutting these out.
made a number of imitation paper
butterflies and placed these about in
woods which the real ones frequent.
These models were MOSTLY painted
in false bright colors, such AZ blue.
red or green. though some were
correctly colored. and. In addition.
q few dead specimens of the real
butterfly were put among them. In
the early afternoon, up to about 8
O'clock. the fritillaries were busy
flirting. and took no notice what.
ever Of the incorrectly-colored imi-
tations. In a number Of cases they
fluttered down to make friends with
the correctly -colored paper imita-
tons. but on closer approach found
their mistake and made off again
before touching them. In some
cases. however. they were deceived
by the dead specimens and actually
touched them.
CABBAGE WHITES"
DR.. Eltringham concludes that
these and other experiments show
that some butterflies have eyes
that are affected by the whole
range Of light waves in what we
know as the visible spectrum, very
much in the same manner AZ our
own eyes are affected. Other but
terflies are short" at the red end
Of the spectrum.
Without committing himself In
any way. he thinks that further re-
search may show that butterflies
whose mates are white such as
the cabbage whites" are probably
red blind. since they had no need
to distinguish this color. On the
other hand. butterflies whose mates
are brilliantly colored have eyes
that are sensitive to q wide range
Of the colors Of the spectrum.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Why an Alliance?

In his rather classic and Delphic
address presenting the action to the
Plenary Council, Senator Lodge said
that the four-power agreement.
ian alliance a la that of the Central
POWERS or the entente)-cannot be
any guarantee against war; that
similar agreements have failed many
times previously: and that in fac,
nothing can lessen the danger OF
war except the promotion of inter.
national goodwill. Then why an
alliance?
Is there not danger that the dIla-
tory language Of diplomacy may 30
so contagious as to reach and blight
the prompt transaction of business?
1t may be that civilians should DO
vaccinated before they take the
plague.
When you or l. wish to make
trade with another party. we state
our proposition in the same direct
way that Secretary Hughes pre-.
scented his formula Of naval reduc.
ton. II the party or parties reply.
Your proposition is accepted In
principle" we think that the big
thing has been settled and the minor
points can be fixed and the contract
can be signed, sealed and delivered
almost at once, But we have learn.
I'd that II say turn out q song, ~
perhaps turn out a sermon.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Boys Destroy Dolls.

Above all, let US never forget
that Japan and Germany arc not at
all In sympathy with our ideas re
garding peace and prosperity; for
the simple reason that prosperity has
never como to them by peace, but
always by war. JAPAN AND GER
MANY HAVE NO MORE SYM.
PATTY WITH OUR LONGING
FOR A LANGU0ROUS AND UN.
ENDING PERIOD OF PROSPER
ITY AND PEACE THAN A ROUGH
BOY OF TEN HAS WITH HIS
SISTERS LONGING TO PLAY
WITH DOLLS.
, Japan and Germany. are the most
efficiently governed nations in the
world. They are poor and they
are far apart. But between them
and connecting them. lie the vast
areas Of Russia. teeming with un-
developed wealth. for both to draw
on and exploit.
The United States Is 50 fortunate
ly situated geographically. and her
natural resources are SO great, that
1t will be easy for her to preserve
her prosperity II she will merely
follow the example Of those great
nations Of the past, that preserved
their prosperity long. But If
AMERICANS FOLLOW THE EX.
AMPLE OF THE CARTHAGIN-
IANS. AND NEGLECT EVERY.
THING EXCEPT THE MAKING
OF MONEY AND THE PURSUIT
OF PLEASURE, NATIONS LIKE
JAPAN AND GERMANY, POOR
But STRONG AND BRAVE, WILL
SOME DAY DESTROY HER As
ROME DESTROYED CARTHAGE;
AND AS HUNDREDS OF TRIBES
AND NATIONS HAVE DESTROY.
ED HUNDREDS OF OTHER
TRIBES AND NATIONS THAT
WERE GREAT IN WEALTH BUT
MEAN IN SPIRIT.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Rome Endured Long.

Tho republic Of Rome lasted moro
than three times as long as the
J., republic Of tho United States has
lasted; for. It LASTED from 500 to
~ B. c., . period of 49, years.
After Rome fell. An 47s AID. no
great republic came into existence
until the government Of the United
States was put into operation on
March 4, 1888.
The next republic was the French.
which was born on September 81.
1872. After many and violent
transitions. II became an empire
under Napoleon. in 1904. After .
number Of other viscissitudes, It
again became a republic in 1871.
A republic It still continues.
Democracies and republics arr
nearly the same thing. but not
quite. Great Britain, for instance,
- q kingdom and tho British en-
pire Is really governed by the
people who live in. Great Britain
and Ireland. and not by tho king.
The king still preserves his mon
sarchial character, and Is the titular
ruler of the kingdom and the
, umpire; but, in fact. he simply exc
oates the will of the people through
the agency of ministers, who are
selected not by him but by the
people.
.- The essential feature Of democra-
des is that they are the direct
opposite Of autocracies. That IL.
i ths people themselves in any ma
3. ton rule. and not an autocrat
y placed at its head.
ta The largest democracy that has
ever existed Is that Of the United
States, which includes now moro
than 100000 people living In
one area Of country. France Is the
ns1t largest, comprising about
= 100000 people, living also to-
gsther in ono country. OF course.
the population of the British EN-.
4 pire IL greater than that of either.
i but. not all Of its population can
be- included as part of a democ-
racy.
For instance, the 800, o00, 900 Of
people In India can hardly be said
, b be living In . democracy. Ger
many Ii = republic at the moment,
but the conditions there are 80 un-
stable and confused that one hardly
knows whether It Is a democracy
or not.
Japan is probably the greatest
country in the world at the mo-
ment after the United States and
p Great Britain. She Is an autocracy.
theoretically; and yet. theoretically,
s she has q constitutional govern
ment. The fact seems to be that
Japan is governed by an oligarchy;
= but an oligarchy which is SO small
and 30 close to the Emperor that
: the government Is virtually auto
cratic.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Book of 10000 Royal
Signatures Completed

I ,oNDoN, Jan. 21.-Undoubtedly
the super-hunter Of autographs
is Joseph X. Milkulee, a Jugo-Slav,
who has arrived in London to get
the signatures Of English royalty
and famous British men and women,
and incidentally to complete his col.
lection.
This already numbers $4,000 mes
sages and signatures Of kings, presi.
dents, princes and great men of
twenty-six nations, which are all
contained in a ledger.like book
Weighing thirty pounds. 1t is his
boast that the collection does not
include single German signature,
not even the ex-Kaiser's.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Telephone Kisses
Win a Divorce ,
For Chicago MAN
CHICAGO. Jan. Of.

CHICAGO. Jan. 81.
s oMETHING new in the line
- Of divorce trial testimony
was heard and proved a winner
at a trial here. Peter N. Weber,
coal dealer, was granted q di-
vorce on the testimony of one
Mrs. Sophie A. Miner, that
Weber's wife had an affinity
and that she frequently kissed
him "over the phone"
Here's a kiss for you" the
wife, Mrs. Pearl B. Weber,
would say, the witness testified,
and then Mrs. Weber would
smack her lips in the telephone
mouthpieee. -...
After hearing the story,
Judge Thomas ]. Lynch decided
that Weber's request for a d.
vorce was q just one.
The Washington times., 1922-01-22
Bar Beach Beauties.

PAPETTE. Tahiti, Jan. 21.-The
movie industry has descended
upon Tahiti. and this isle in the
South Seas IL all cluttered up with
actresses Of the screen. directors
and cameramen. The native has
for the Papette police. and they have
These last have been q bit too much
sua 10 IsuIoo srul W ,vu, pssIosp
South Sea islands such things must
clothes popular In American movies.
seen the ultra fashionable bathing
not be.