davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1922-06-14
ORGANIC MATTER WILL.

In addition to adding plant food to
the soil and improving it's texture, or
ganic matter, supplied by green man.
r crops, stable manure, or in any
other form: adds greatly to the moist
ure-holding capacity. 1t has been
shown that while 100 pounds of sand
can hold only Is pounds of water, and
100 pounds of clay only so pounds,
the same weight of humus or decay
ing organic matter will hold 100
pounds.
Clay soil containing organic mat
ter is more friable than similar soil
without organic matter. When the
organic matter is entirely removed
the clay remains compact during
freezing and thawing. When the or
ganic matter is returned the soil
crumbles after freezing, just as the
original soil.
Not only do the higher plants grow
better in a soil rich in organic mat
ter, but the activities of the soil bac-
terra are largely dependent on the
supply of decaying vegetable matter.
These bacteria need food and air
Their food is the dead vegetable mat
ter, which they break down and make
available to the higher plants. Most
beneficial bacteria use air, and this
they find more a~bundantly in a sol
supplied with organic matter than in
stiff clays poor in it. In sandy soils
there is air enough, but the addition
of humus helps to hold moisture anG
so benefits the bacteria as well as the
higher plants.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1922-06-14
SHOW DIVERSIFIED
FARMING IS BEST

Butter fat has increased steadily
IN price with very little fluctuation
for the last ten years, according to
data prepared by Edward w. Decker,
president Of the Northwestern Ma
tional Bank Of Minneapolis, and pub
lished this month in a survey, "a
Further Plea for Diversified Farm
ing.'
The survey gives the prices paid
in Minneapolis for No. 1 Northern
wheat, No. 3 yellow corn, No. 8 white
oats, flax, WOOD, eggs and live poul-
try; at South st. Paul for beef steers;
and the average price paid for but
ter fat by the Minnesota creameries.
Costs of production, including farm
labor, taxes, machinery, threshing
costs and freight rates, make up an
other part Of this survey.
The outstanding feature of the in
formation collected is the fact that
butter fat, eggs and poultry show a
smaller drop from the high prices of
1919 and 1920 than do grains, live
stock and wool, and an advance
steady, though not as great during
the period of rising prices. Using a
scale with 1911 prices as 100, wheat
prices reached the 300 mark in 1919;
beef steers $50, wool 800, and butter
fat 210. With the exception of but
ter fat, prices fell in 1921 a~pproxxi-
mately to the 1911 level, designated
in the table as 100. Since the COM
pilation of the figures from which
the survey was prepared, prices have
undergone an increase which is not
shown in the charts and tables.
MI. Decker says: "The prosperity
of the United States, and particular
ly of the Ninth Federal Reserve dis
trict. is necessarily very largely de-
pendent on the success Of agriculture.
We are therefore, all of us, no mat
ter what u line of business, vitality
interested in anything which will i'm
prove its conditions and prospects.
"In the Ninth District wheat rails
ing will doubtless always be an i'm
pOrtant factor, and we are interested
in all movements looking to its sue
cessful operation, such as the eradica-
ton of barberry for the purpose os
eliminating black rust, and other
movements of a similar kind.
ut is also important to consider
the desirability of the farmer so di-
versifying his efforts as to eliminate
to the greatest possible extent the
possibility of partial Or complete fail
ure of returns from his years work.
I'VE therefore have had compiled
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1922-06-14
G"RASSHOPPERS ARE
BECOMING ACTIVE
Some Localities in State Report APP
pearanee of CutwOrms as Well
as HOppers

HELENA, June 13.-While cIimat-
is conditions throughout Montana
continue exceptionally favorable for
crops, grasshoppers and cutworms
have appeared in some counties, ac-
cording to reports of county. agents
from Is counties to the State Depart
ment of Agriculture for the week
ending June 8. Fifteen of the Is
counties reported moisture and fine
growing weather. Dawson, Custer,
Hill and Teton note the presence of
insect pests. Cutting of alfalfa will
start in Riehland county in two weeks.
A surplus of labor is reported from
some counties, and no county notes a
scarcity. Reports by counties:
misunderstanding. conditions ex-
ceptionally good. -Four inches Of rain
fell during May. Splendid subsoiI
storage of moisture. Wheat looking
fine; best wheat prospects since 1916.
Practically all corn planted and good
share of it up. First cutting of al
falfa will be ready in two weeks.
Larger flax acreage this year. AL
other crops looking good. Shortage
of flax seed. Livestock improving
rapidly. Labor supply and demand
about equal.
Dawson-Fine growing conditions
this week Numerous reports OF
grasshopper outbreaks. Livestock ir
fine condition.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1922-06-14

Oats and barley just coming up. Corn
and potatoes being planted. Live
stock have improved wonderfully.
Small demand for labor.
Hill-Steady warm rain early b
the week, followed by somewhat I'M
settled weather and considerable
southwest wind. Practically all of
early sown wheat stooling in fine
shape. Grasshoppers Matching out in
large numbers along the streams and
near the hills. Cutworms doing some
damage. Some demand for heavy
work horses and heavy demand for
spring pigs.
Cascade. Maximum temperature
So, minimum 80. Total precipitation
1.04 inches. Crop acreage about IS
per cent of normal. Flax acreage will
be increased over last year because
of late seeding.
Fergus.-Rain early in week fol-
lowed by hot weather has stimulated
all crop growth. Crops in excellent
condition. Seeding practically COM
/ pleted. Summer fallow operations
general throughout county. Increase
in fallow and corn very noticeable.
Livestock coming along WE'LL with
ample grass.
Observation-Disclosures for the week
1.64 inches. General growing con-
ditions excellent. Grain growing
rapidly. Slight damage in some fields
by cutworms. Livestock condition
very good. No demand for labor.
Ravalli.-No precipitation during
week. Run-off of water is heavy.
Prospects for good crop this year.
Potatoes practically all planted.
Small acreage of seed put in this
year. strengthening in progress.
Range stock in good condition. De-
mand for farm labor low. Consider
able construction and road work
available.
The Bozeman courier. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1919-1954, 1922-06-14

wheat starting to pick up but still
backward. Spring grains in excellent
condition, with good stand. Sugar
beets coming nicely and about ready
to thin. Alfalfa and O coming
along in good shape. Plenty of avail
able labor.
StillwaterzNo rainfall during the
week. Very cool forst of the week,
with light frOsts and freezing tenn
perature. Very little damage done.
Warmer latter part of week. Winter
wheat stOoling; considerable acreage
has thin stand. Big increase in corn
acreage, and all planted. Nearly all
potatoes planted, with acreage about
the same as last year.
Daniels.-Rain early part of the
week, followed by warm weather,
Spring grains in fine condition. More
moisture than usual in the ground at
this time of year. Cattle rapidly i'm
proving.
Observation-Disclosures so of ar
inch. Ideal growing weather. Az
crops in splendid condition, with GOOD
even stands and growing fast. Some
flax and corr yet to be seeded. Live,
stock in good shape.
Valley-Good growing weather
Four and a half inches of rain feI
during May. General crop condition.
T very promising, and at present
indicate that the wheat acreage viii
be normal and an increase in oat.
and flax acreage. Winter rye start
ing to head. Labor situation practi
eally balanced.
Phillips.zHeavy rains during early
part of week; balance Of week idea
for growing crops. Corn planting il
full swing.
Blaine.-Heavy fall of rain, fol.
lowed by growing weather. Spring
wheat progressing rapidly. Wintel
rye heading out with very good stand
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
ASSASSINS DIE.

In one days news comes the infor nation that alleged assassips of thu late Foreign Minister Rathenau, O Germany, have committed suicide, ant that the slayers of Field Marshal Sii Henry Hughes Wilson, of England have been sentenced to death.
 No thought other than one of sor. row comes with the announcement ot the death of human beings. What. ever prompted the crimes of which these men were guilty, whether mis- taken Ideas of patriotism, or ever some more terrible motive-still the realization that they must pay the penalty brings quiet regret that life must be forfeited to pay that pen alty.
 But the event should be considered in all It's signifcance-the inevita ble event. What good did these men do by their violence, even though the personal motive Of each might have been a good one? Where may one find in History any good that has come through deeds of violence. such as these, which could not have been accomplished In some other way? Is there anything in connection with the whole tale of tragedy which makes for greater happiness anywhere :? Nothing but sorrow and despair has come from these deeds; nothing but sorrow and despair will come from such deeds ever
 Today, when violence Is in evidence, may the tragedy of violence be driven home to all people.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
ZIONISTS FAIL IN
 THEIR BIG EFFORT
British House of Lords Votes Down Measure to Set up Jewish Ma
 tiOn in Palestine

Jerusalem, June 22.-(By Associat ed Press ss)-Inhabitan of Palestine Moslem and Christian, are immea sur ably pleased that the British house ot lords yesterday passed the Islington motion disapproving the Balfour de- claration of 1917. The native press is iubilant
 The Balfour declaration pledged the erection of Jewish homeland in Pal estine. The resolution passed yester day by vote of 60 to 29 set forth that:
 The mandate for Palestine in its present form is unacceptable to this house, because it directly violates pledges made by his maiesty's gov -ernment to the people of Palestine"
 The Zionists are disa ppointed at the news. They cabled strong protests to London. The chairman of the Zion ists organization here said to the As sociated Press,
 All our hopes have been shattered on the rocks of political expediency. 1T the house of commons follows the lead of the house of lords then Jews of the world will have been dealt q more sta ggering blow than that ad ministered by the emperor Hadrian l,Sho years ago, when his prosecutions brought about the last dispersion of the Jewish race"
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
KEEP COOL,

Again comes the time to issue the annual warning against becoming un- duly excited in the hot weather. Today because of said Uell-knovn heat, the observation is especially timely Per haps one of the most common means of raising anger in another to the danger point is to make the inquiry. "1s it hot enough for you" Don't do it--as you love humanity don't ask that question. The Herald takes pleas ure in giving the general reply, once and for all, in the hope that no anxi- ous person will repeat the query "Yes it is hot enough for anyone"
 The wise advice has been given to make the summer profitable by learn ing to swim. Pleasant thought learning to swim. And the suggestion bringing suggestions of coolness, brings thoughts Of the beauty of cool ness in its train. In order to learn to swim you must learn to keep cool in the water. The man who loses his head and splashes about, can't swim
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
"DISABLFD BY WAR

Under the above title an editorial | ago, emphasizing what was believed to be the fact that not all the men
 disabled by war; are recognized as disabled-that there were many who found life hard and the fight to live a stiff one under conditions such as
 have existed since their return from France, and with the little material assistance they were being given to re- turn to former ways of comfortable l living. A striking proof that such convic- tion had a sound basis is seen in the pathetic event that happened in Peek skill, N. Y. the other day, A regiment was standing drawn up in company front. To honor the person reviewing the regiment the batteries fired a salute. A man broke from the ranks crying "The Hun; The Hun," He, a former gallant SOldler as ms record shows, charged straight for, not away from, the guns. All the terrors and horrors of the battle field were pictur- ed before his minds eye. He was seized and taken to the camp hos pital where he is improving
 The extremity of this case empha- sizes the point made. There is no tell ing how many men in the United States, hearing the roar of guns, would be affected by the sound Aw- ful memories are terrible masters. There is no accurate way of measur- Ing the suffering of many returned soldiers in their struggle for a living, made al the more difficult because people do not understand how, some times they, the returned fighters fail to understand things.
 Not all those disabled by war" are parading about wearing the badge, Disabled by war" Remember the others Some of them may be near you as you read this.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19

not advertise They do not care to have their names given great pnhliei' ty, They enjoy being interested n such affairs, and they are content to play their parts in the finer atmos- phere art inspires.
 But their work is appreciated by many who are not familiar with their names To know that their work Is appreciated is enough for these men and women. The feeling of having added something fine to the life of their city is reward enough for them, But 1t is good to remind people occa- sonally that there are such men and women in this city, and to emphasize the fact that New Britain Is better city to live In because of their resi- denee here and their desire to add their share to the beauties of their city.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19

a great deal, So, the first thing to do Is to learn to keep cool. The habit of keeping mentally cool in the water will bring the habit of keeping mentally cool when not in the water, Keeping mentally cool is con- duetive to calm action which, in turn, tends to keep the body physically cool,
 If at the end of this summer, you have learned to swim and, In acquir- ing that art, you have learned to keep cool under all circumstances. you will find that your future life will be far happier than formerly.
 The best time to cultivate a thing is when there Is dearth of 1t and. therefore, the demand Is great. There Is dearth of coolness today; there is demand for 1t. so cultivate it. Keep cool.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
|25 Fears Ago Today
 (Taken from Herald of that date)

The following men have been se- lected for jury work for the Hartford county: L. A. Eibberts. George L. Damon, John Blake, J. B. Weiant, w. E. Latham, Andrew Turnbull, Will liam J. Rawlings, E. |. Thompson, Y. J. Stearns, M. D. Stockwell and Will liam Middlemass
 The state conclave of the Young Peoples societies of Swedish Luther an churches will be held in this city on August 12. There will be 1000 people in attendance and the affair will be held at the local church, after which a good time will take place at Kirkham Grove in Newington. Rev S. G. Ohman is president of the league.
 T. w. O'Connor joined the New Britain colony at Block Island to- day.
 Fred G. Hastings, prominent Plain vile resident, fell a distance of 15 feet yesterday while painting He re- ceived no serious injuries however.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
IGNORANCE OF THE L. s.

l It Is generally known that English people Of the middle and lower classes
 so-called, are painfully ignorant of the | United States. There is some founda- | ton for the many stories of the be- lief of some people across the water,
 that Indians are not an uncommon sight on the streets of cities and towns. Certainly it is not uncommon to hear of remark by one in England such as, You are from New York, America? l know man who lives in San Francisco, America. Perhaps you are acquainted with him? He is grocer"
 An illustration of this ignorance of this country. and of the feeling of the people here, is seen in the incident of the glishwoman who was detained at Ellis Island while investigation was made as to whether she had sufficient funds to prevent her becoming pub lie charge. She had s3,o0o with her, 1t developed and deeds to much prop erty in Germany, which fact she had concealed as she had been informed people in the United States were so bitter over the world war that they might keep her from entering this country if it were known that her property was in Germany.
 It is unfortunate that English peo pie do not know us better. Dis tinguished men and women of this country are cordially received by dis tinguished men and women of Eng land when they cross. The reverse is true. There is no misconception. Gull tured people of all races know and appreciate culture. When the time comes that the airplane and the radio bring closer communication, as the automobile and the telephone have changed conditions in this country, such ignorance will be less in evi- dence. A better understanding will work for better world-one in which it is more pleasant to live.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
NEW BRITAIN

New Britain, as a manufacturing city of note, is well known. As good business city it is not completely of the map We do very we'll thank you.
 New Britain as a place in which to live has an enviable reputation among those who know enough about 1t to qualify as experts. New Britain peo- pie are fond of it. There are many reasons for their satisfaction.
 Business and manufacturers adver- tise. Their goods speak for themselves and bring favorable comment. The dividends business and manufacturing bring the city are tangible, calculable. Everyone knows about them. The leaders in the manufacturing and bus mess and professional fields are known. Their success is practical; it brings its financial reward
 As influences making New Britain a good place in which to live are the musical and artistic affairs staged here. Whether or not the majority of the people attend these affairs they benefit from them indirectly because of the prestige they give to this city the home of all New Britainites whether patrons of art or not They . mosphere engendered by them.
 The men and women who interest themselves in bringing entertain ments, cultural, educat tional, to this city. and who are instrumental in or eanizing societies which arrange af fairs of this kind within the city, do
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
HITCHCOCK-HOWELL
 CONTEST NEBRASKA
Former Gets Democratic Nomination for Senator, Latter Is, Repub-
 licans' Choice.

Omaha, July 19 (By Associated Press)-Senator G. M. Hitchcock and R. B. Howell, republican national committeeman, were nominated al yesterdays statewide primaries as democratic and republican candidates respectively for United States senator.
 Senator Hitchcock's victory was sweeping. The combined vote of his two opponents, on the face of returns from approximately one-third of the state was about half that cast for the incumbent senator.
 Howell's lead over Congressman Albert w. Jefferis, of Omaha, and At torney General Clarence A. Davis, showed margin of more than five thousand votes in tabulations of re- turns from 71s precincts.
 The race between Dan B. Butler Omaha, and Charles ". Bryan, brother of William Jennings Bryan for the democratic gubernatorial nomination showed Butler leading with slightly more than one-third of the state heard from.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
PALESTINE MANDATE UP
Decision to Have Today's Session of League Secret Causes Disappoint- ment to Those Interested,

London, July 19 (By Associated Press) The announcement that to- days meeting of the council of the league of nations would be private brought forth expressions of dis appointment, because it was under stood that subject would be the Pales- tine and Syria mandates which the opponents of privacy contend are par ticularly susceptible to the evils of traditional diplomatic bargainings.
 The chief opposition to these man. dates has been expected from Italy, while her objection to the French claim to the protectorate over Chris tians in the Near East also is said to stand in the way of a smooth agree ment.
 There is reason to be believe that the Vatcan's opposition will not be pressed as it is decided that the Christian member on the commission for custody of holy places shall be a Roman Catholic. Italy's attitude on this point accordingly, is understood to have been modified.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
CHARLES R. MILLER.

| The death of Charles Ransom Miller editor Of the New York Times, will be felt by many thousands of people who, perhaps, had never heard his name but whose opinions on the important questions of the day were influenced without their knowledge, by the con- elusions the viewpoints of this man who brought learning, understanding, culture to his discussions of them. Little of his work in directing the pol icies of that great newspaper, in pre- pairing himself to do that directing and in filling his mind with facts on which were founded the conclusions reached, was wasted, The people who profited, through him, by fuller understanding of perplexing matters, are the gathers, and, through their in- creased wisdom the world is the gainer.
 Thus it is that the life of a man sucn as CharleS k. Miller, with its erudition and intelligence, enriches the world; his death deprives the world of a great asset. Those who never knew him, learning of his death, will feel a sense of loss in the Knowledge that one whose judgment has added to their ability to judge wisely for themselves will no longer help them. Those who knew him personally will in addition, feel that sense of loss which comes, with the death of such man, to those honored by his friendship.
New Britain herald., 1922-07-19
WOMEN ADMITTED TO
 OXFORD UNIVERSITY
Cambridge, However, Still Keeps
 Its Doors Locked to Them

London, July l9.-Oxford univers-
 ity now admits women freely to its degrees and to university membership, against them. Naturally the women
 don't feel a bit grateful for such
 gllmpses, They want the doors un-
 locked.
 The women from the Cambridge Colleges of Newnham and Girton have
 demanded admission to degrees and
 University membership on the same terms as men. Not long ago some
 2.600 of them signed a petition to this effect. The reply given by the Uni versity was polite, but unsatisfactory.
 Within the last two years Cam bridge has voted and couptervoted on various proposals to admit women. The only proposal which 1t has actual ly carried--and to this practical ef- feet has not yet been given-is that women who are qualified for degree status may obtain titles of degrees" but not real degrees.
 In making this half-hearted offer Cambridge is proposing to treat wom- en just as it formerly treated Jews and Nonconformists, whom also 1t tried to satisfy with the titular de- gree until Parliament stepped in and compelled the University to abolish Its discriminations of creed.
 Now women want Parliament 10 in- tervens and compel Cambridge to abolish its discrimination against their sex. And signs are not lacking that Cambridge itself is beginning to see that 1t will not pay to keep the wom- en knocking at their doors much long, er
 A deputation consisting of several members of Parliament. the heads of Girton and Newnham Colleges and other friends of the movement recent ly talked with Mir. Fisher Minister of Eeducation The minister made 1t quite plain that he was on Ahe side of the women and would do all he could | to persuade Cambridge to open its doors to them. Parliament also was on their side. Cambridge was looking for a grant from the ex- chequer, he said, but it was not likely Parliament would vote it while Cam bridge continued to exclude women. If found that by keeping women out the needed money also would be kept out she would probably quickly decide to let them in It might not therefore become necessary 10 employ legislative pressure to force her to open her doors.