davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world., 1922-02-25
BY JOHN p. GREY,

What is the "conscience" of an
equity Judge?
The modern accepted legal 'defini-
ton OF weather would give stranger
knowledge Of what weather might
be. Weather is ? general atmospheric
condition, but It may be cold or hot,
dry or moist, calm or stormy.
1T is not a fixed condition. neither Ia
the "conscience'' Of a court Of equity.
All courts. except courts Of equity,
are governed by common or statutory
law which define acts which consti-
tute crime and regulate the punish
ment to be, meted out for such crimes.
Rut courts Of equity are not courts
Of law: they exist for the purpose Of
taking action in cases where there Is
no law, but where there is danger o:
irreparable injury to property with
out any adequate remedy at law. !
Originally. the king decided what
should be done IN cases where there
was no law by depending upon his
.'conscience;"' then the lord chancelfor
became the keeper K Of this ';con.
science And, as, for many years the
lord chancellors were also high
clergymen. their Conscience was in-
f,uenced. partlygby their religious and
humanitarian,tf Training and partly by
their conception Sof justice to those
who came to Ahsm praying for relief
and other cof1siderations. .3ss.s !. s,ss
J Many yearss ago, Thomas Jefferson
The labor world., 1922-02-25

Wndxments carere and to be exhib.
tied either. by malice or out OF q tur-
lbNlent h,imor r:s4wherewith too many
Are possessed, or else TO- shelter, them.
selves for "a while from some immi.
:nent. storm. Wherein, as in. many
times. tho remedy proves worse than
the disease: so IL they were all forced
!, as aforesaid to come to touch fthat
is.%to Q hearing where their naked
ness would soon appear) and there.
if Their causes be frivolous were %
be well dashed with costs. It will make
them and others, from their examples,
more wary how they trouble their
neishbors. and the courts soS widely
as they do" =: ...5ss.s... "a =, ...f /.
soThere were many grave abuses emit.
mating from the lord +. chancellor's
court sand. ~ each lord chancellor
had = "conscience" OF his own, there
was no determining ii advance what
= chancellor might do ii q. given case.
for there were no legal BOUNDARIES
to- his authority and no i statutory
enactments 70 guide him. & Il &.
Oh. ARegulsh E4sityl',
ThisYTwas q /. condition which led %
many vigorous protests. Perhaps one
OF thS most illulnfnatin analyseso 81
What the: court 81 equity va hie
one given BY the great English jurist
John sedan, lin the. year 1874:
Equity "a. law. 10 said. iss thessan,e
that the spirit is In relig zion hat
tCpntinued on Pags 1. ..s s.
The labor world., 1922-02-25
ASKED OVERTIME
PAY FOR MENIT
IS NOW FIGHTING
Pennsylvania Officials Sought
and Got It During War and
Now BIameS Government.
international Labor News Service.) }

international Labor News Service.)
Washington, d. c., Feb. 23.-The
Pennsylvania railroad. in it's efforts to
combat the railroad organizations,
hTs fallen into trap of its own
making by reason Of forgetting to-
day what it said yesterday.
Railway executives, Pennsylvania
allege the punitive overtime is one
Of the "exactions" causing dividends
to slump or disappear.
Railway executives now allege that
punitive overtime is one of the. un-
just wage exactions which compel
them to reduce dividends.
Il do not like the principle Of pay
ing time and half for punitive
overtime-it costs us $780, 900 a
year." declares President Smith of
the New York Central.
Other railway executives voice the
protest Of Smith. The officials Of the
Pennsylvania system are especially
emphatic in their protests against
the added costs of punitive overtime,
and have undertaken to charge be-
fore congressional committees and
elsewhere that the system was forced
on the Pennsylvania by the Railroad
Administra ration by the undue influ-
ence" of organized labor.
William c.. McAdoo. director gen.
eral Of the railroads during the first
year of Federal control, now dis
closes that Samuel Rea, president
Of the Pennsylvani a a,asked that puni-
tive overtime be applied to PennsNl-
vania employees, and that President
Smith, who was at that time regional
director, granted Rea's request with
out authority of the railroad admin
istra ation.' McAdoo says:
Tire clear inference Of this testi-
mony is that payment Of punitive
overtime was forced upon the Penn
sylvania and the Philadelphia &
Reading against their wishes. Time
and a half for overtime on the Penn
sylvania was granted by Regional
Director Smith, formerly and now
president of the New York Central,
without the authority of the railroad
administration and at the request OF
President Rea.
"The correspondence discloses that
on March %. 1913, President Rea Of
the Pennsylvania was desirous Of
'conceding' the request Of the shop
men for time and a, half overtime,
this being a general condition and
in the nature of a wage settlement,
but wished to receive the advice OF
Regional Director Smith before do
ing so.'
Regional Director Smith took the
matter up with the railroad admin
istration, but failed to secure their
consent. Then. according to Nc
Adoo:
"Despite this failure to get author
ity, Regional Director Smith, on
April 16, 1918, acceded to the re-
quest of Mr.. Rea to put In a sched-
ule of time and half for ovretime.
The labor world., 1922-02-25
COAL. J { !. INDUS 4 X !:
SUFFERS J : SMALL : !
!. STRIKE s R ! ( EL0SsEs| | !: o ! !: J


Washington: Feb. 21:-The un.ted
States: geological survey has smashed
one. Of, the favorite Claims Of: as,ta-
unionista by, showing. that strikes IN
the mining, industry, during the past
20 years ii responsible for but: one
tenth. OF the time lost: The. other
nine-tenths Of time lost. was; caused
chiefly by no market, car: shortage
and mine disability. =
. In a., statement on Time Lost
Through Strikes" "'the geologicat sur
veyssays: r -: =: -. >.
. t i'm the .2o-year1; period, .1soo-1s1s;
the operators reported q total loss of
:fz4.747.1gs. 1nan-days, = through
strikes, but: tho loss, attributable to
other causes was, 1,o5s,576,0po man
days. or eight: and a. half times al
great as. the strike:soss. .1%.%t u
The statistitat Of, striker include
time lost between i the, terminAt tion
of ono >aEreeim ent- and: the signing 81
annYh < ~ .& - H~-4 2fE& 81 =
- resdrd ;year in: point n,aael-
Ea(tys lost Ton account ct !strik zwAa!
eiSfe, yst: aiisa 50, 3so, ,6a9 s1 lEs
feed To- ,strfkss il that ysafs were
only 80 pr ;scGhi. of the total dayt
lost, fof' thu ca,lses other tftdn strikes
were responsible for 4 loss; Of ~
693, 42tman-d1ys.' '>5S
The labor world., 1922-02-25
.|NjUNCTIoNSDo
!: NoT'S1o|P Q UNION ! | ! :
PapernaksFs IN East. Out De-
spite Court Orders; Rest On:
!: Justice Of Their CAUSE. +

! ), zAlRany Z. & yN. Y..ssb q; = 5pespit. :
|M5unctions in. New Hampshire;
Maine, Vermont and New York,
striking: members Of the Interna-
|tional Brotherhood of Paper Makers
are standing firm against. the Inter-
national paper, company, which de-
mands wage reductions.
= In 1920 this corporation an
.nounced profits of over $1,000, 900,
and yet it; demanded 30 per: cent
wage reduction in 1921. Since the
strike started the corporation has
borrowed '$12,500,0O0 to care for cur
rent Indebtedness. it is stated.
One Of the injunctions against the
strikers was issued by a Liver
more, Me-, Judge on The hearsay of
a superintendent, who made >affi-
davit that certain conditions exists
"to the best Of his belief" The
court called no witnesses to support
the guessing superintendent, but IL.
sued an injunction on this alleged
evidence, restraining the paper
workers from doing acts that would
not be questioned If no strike ex-
listed. = = :
The labor world., 1922-02-25

Union Economist Explode!
Theory Of Roads and Holds
Labor and Freight Different;

Washington, Feb. 21.-Wages
should not be affected, whatever the
decision of the interstate commerce
commission as regarding. railroad
rates, said Frank j. Warne, eccno-
mist, speaking for the railroad trade
unions and brdotherhoods at hear
ing before the commission.
with rates, as rates." the en-
ployes are not concerned" said Mr..
Warne. 1.-The employees do not be-
liexe their wages should be decreased
or that their wages should be-, in
creased as rates are increased. Meth
er do they helieve>that their wages
sh ould be increased as rates 'arA de-
creased nor. their wages decreased
as rates are increased.
''They believe there is no econo-
mic law that establishes any rela,
ton whatsoever between rates, as
such, for transportatino and rates
Of wages for services performed.
They believe this is an economically
sound doctrine. the observance OF
which cannot lead this commission
astray from the facts Of the situa-
tion." .- >'s'%' = -.
The labor world., 1922-02-25

: Washington, Feb. = 21:--Ratlroad
owners and; managers wsnt to uss
the snation's. credit to- repair ,their
rolling stock, which, they claim, was
destroyed under governmentsc control.
:: The~government took control. the
first Of tie year; 1918, but on Dee.
~, 1917. .sthe railroad war board re-
ported that tho railroads needed
approximately 1000 LOGON olives and
15,00oicaTs in addition to those then
on order" the cost of which was
phced~a at t5oo,ooo,oo. They asked
government aid to secure, for them
the capital fon their individual credit.
The railroad war board was conn
posed" of Fairfax Harrison, u Julius
Krutt3chnitt, Samuel Rea, Hale
Holden and Howard Elliott. execu-
ttvese Of Americas. leading trans
postation systems. = =. ~ =, i
The report in 1917, before govern
ment. control, shows = state Of, at
fairs that the railroads would now
blsmes on government control. ?, -
The labor world., 1922-02-25

!, 1T was said that Senator Lodge had
presidential assurance that Boston
navy yard would have a.. chance TO
bid on the Leviathsn. Lodge appar-
entity has been thrown down; though
the Leviathan contract hard become I
campaign issue with him in his state.
Chairman: :Lasker. Of the shipping
board,- opposed to trade unions ever
since he took office. was supported
by the president and went ahead,
giving. the Leviathan contract; to q
non-union privately: owned company.
Government. work thus goes to a
private. non-union firm. in prefer
ence- to a. government. union yard -
and at an extra cost to- the: America
people Of about two million dollars:
! Tho. Lodge amendment may Etye
navy yards Z chance to bid, on future
work on other government ships II
the president does not exercise his
right TO prevent. such q: course, but
the biggest contract Of all has gone
to the support OF the. anti-union
cause. !, =. 's''
The labor world., 1922-02-25
HEAD OF UNION SPIES
JAILED IN new YORK

NEW YORK, Feb. c3.-"Captain"
Robert J. Foster, head OF a union
spy bureau and so-called "detec-
tive" agency, has been sentenced to
serve 80 days in the city prison and
pay Il fine of$500 for his refusal to
furnish information to the Lock-
wood committee regarding his spy
methods.
Fosters offices adjoin those of
Walter. Drew, genera. counsel of the
anti-union national erectors' asso-
citation. In December, last year,
Foster told the Lockwood commit
tee that he was retained by big
steel interests, through Drew, He
admitted that his Operatives spied
on unions, but he refused to give
other information - -. "a
Attorneys for Foster appealed the
decision which will be used by
Foster to secure additional spy
business, ',.. - 49,
The labor world., 1922-02-25
SENATE WANTS 10 Know
!: Al: ABOUT ESIPpNleERs

'wAsH1NGToN, Feb. 2a.-By:re-
solution the senate has scaI Ned upon
the attorney general t9: inform # cof
the names and add dresser iof all per:
sons indicted and prosecuted :nnder
the espionage act or: Tor conspiracy
to violate war laws the statutes
under which indictme ents z: were
brought, synopsis .of offense charged,
date and place Of each conviction,
sentence, time OF expiration, appeals
and results, and action taken by the
executive In committing sentences
and By the pardon board In parol-
ing defendants: Data IL also asked
Of reviews of cases resulting In tH-
favorable recomne tlonstfqr con-
mutation or parole: sesfs &, ssss.{{6s}f
The labor world., 1922-02-25

Blacksmith Union Reveals
Railroad History that Shows
Queer Business Conduct.

Chicago, Feb. 21.-In a. 50-page
special edition, the Blacksmiths'
Journal assemblies a vast amount of
the inside history Of American rail-
roads and their secret control by q
group of bankers and financiers. In
his forword, Editor Martin says:
I'm the preparati'-l Of this story,
the writer first desires t. advise that
statements herein r-ade have not
been, invented, but are actual facts
gathered from government records
and other 'undeniable . statistics,
which may be consulted by those
who so DESIRE" -
1t is shown that group. of IL
New York banks anC rs men hold
control of 50 per cent or 211,2S0
miles, of the country's steam trans
portation system. These are inter-
locked with railroad equipment
mpanies and steel companies,
making a solid phalanx in opposition
to labor, and in enforcing lower
wages and reduced working stand
ards. :tf4a
1t is shown that r. Dewitt Cpyler,
president of the American associa-
ton Of = railway executives; and
spokesmen for the executives in their
anti-labor campaign, holds the great
est number of bank directorships. In.
cluded in the 25 men is, w. w. After.
bury, chairman of the labor commit.
tee of Cuyler's association, and who
is well-known for his anti-labor pol.
icy. Atterbury is vice president Of the
Pennsylvania railroad.
The same forces control coal min.
ing companies, as we'll as steel and
equipment companies. 1t Is shown
that the steel trust reported in 1917;
I'm the Mingo district, West Vir.
ginia, and the Black mountain die.
trict, Kentucky. there were. acquired
57,723 acres coking coal land and
1884 acres surface land.'
The compilation Of this informa.
tion by the Blacksmiths Journal viii
be appreciated by every one Who de.
sires information on the secret. meth
DDS of that group OF bankers and fl
nanciers generally known as Wal
street. =; ''.
The labor world., 1922-02-25
MINERS s1lRYE AADj YET: +:
(. OWNERS Will CUT::MAGES

Athens. Ohio, Feb: 81. Nurses: and
other relief workers who have pene-
trated into the coal mining camps
Of the hills in. tho Hooking valley
report literally hundreds Of cases, of
restitution among the families -of the
coal diggers. Families E. have been
found, scores Of them. with no food
in the cupboard; barefooted children
in rags. budding around wood fires,
as: they even have no fuel coal: -!
: All the mines are: practically Idle
because of no orders, and the saw
ings Of the miners have long since
been exhausted. -. ~. e >
The labor world., 1922-02-25
SHORTER ! 0 HOURS. |! ( :: :. :.
|. REAL I: l ANT|DoT|E 4 | /


wilmington pel, Feb e Short
hours il an ,antidote Tor tho oonots
,onoue: employ OH automAtie ma. !.
chinery: said Miss Mary McDowtN Of
Chicago in: speech In THIS city, +:
I: 1.-THE old creative interest of max:
ing something has; no longer a place
in the modern Industrial workers
scheme, OF. things she said. Each
worker has an: in finiteiy small part;
in making the artlci. ana this part
Ii done over andover agair. thou
sands OF. times during the y.swith
an automatic machine -. :.
This sameness and lack Of mem
tai stimulation causes a :numbness
OF the, mind which will, In time.
cause the worker to deteriorate."
The speaker said that the remedy
for this: condition is shorter hours.
I'VE must shorten hours for the In
dustrial worker. Tis applies espe-
cially to women" she said: II. -,
The labor world., 1922-02-25
non q n PARTY n | Plan |.
||e|R0IvS AS IAR'IY
Ii LINES L: !. GE|lVEAk G! : /! I !
:lItaots State. Federation and
Chicago Unions Decide to
!. ,QuH Rainbow Chasing. !: :: ::

Chicago: Feb: >21.-1 In resolutions
that are declareds'to mark the end
q distinct political party action in
this state: as far*as organized work.
ers are. concerned, trade union rep
resentatives,. at: a conference in this
city, emphasized the workers need
for non partisan political action. xt
: At the conference were the execu-
tive board Of the Illinois state fed
eration OF labor. and the executive
beafd Of, the Chicago federation of
labor, the *:women's trade !. union
league and the joint Legislative COM
amlttee of the Illinois state federation
OF slabor an dthe railroad brother
Il After recalling conditions that now
conkront the wage ,arners-the sttln-
ulated panic. the exploiterst control
Of the Judiciary and the haste to es-
tablish the cossack. system IN this
state--the conference: unani1,dousty
declared -: =. -. ~ +
I'VE believe In this. matter the
necessities of th9 situation require
that no candidatea' should be put. lin
the: t{lta ~ the workers. themselves
excebf whsre they have q a.rehsonable
assutancssof :e4ectihk s1ch candidates
Fol: where there are no can didatea on
other tickets that can be depended
upon to support labor & PROGRAM:
but ii, no event should such -candi.
dates be placed IN the field by the
iworkers where there lie no possible
.chance: for: their election and, where
putting such candidates tn:the field
would So divide the votes Of the
workers as to praet ,ally assure the
election Of an enemy ;of labor. and
whore; It such candidate: were not in
the: field. there would: be 4 reason.
able;, assurance sQt eiectine a:man who
could be depended upon; TO- support
labor's progran' j > (. ~ ! ~
= The abovesreselutson IS In line will,
| = srepoft made ,tnsthe last convention
Of the: Illinois state, federation OILS
bor-that the 'm1sf prom .nent':: tlaiaz
that separate party action BY tbs
worker: aceomPltshe4, ii this stsks
tMa4 to defeet kWp5 prom opneed, ,chashs-
pionas of lsh the .Atate ~ g
ture and max kda<hE election OF re1oa
I ttonar1e4 ,ppsst =5 .2; p :,
The labor world., 1922-02-25
KANSAS FARMERS WILL
SELL MEAT TO PUBLIC

Farmers organizations in the vici-
nifty Of Wichita. Kas.. have advised
city Officials that they will prevent
meat shortage by supplying fresh
meats from the farms Of the country.
In Kansas CITY three municipal meat
markets have < been opened: Co.
operative stores and meat markets
IN nearby cities have, contracted
with farmers to supply fresh meat
direct from the farm: =, !. = =.
The labor world., 1922-02-25

Boston navy yard could have done
the job. it is estimated, for about
$2,o00,oo0 less than Newport News.
!. Boston. navy yard employs union
men at 73 cents an hour. = &~,
Newport News employs non-unioa
men, many Of them non-citizens, at
81 cents an hour. the reduction !: to
this figure having been made since
the bid was entered.
Two million dollars in excess of
navy yard figures is going to some
body-and not to workersl e
Senator Lodge introduced. in the
senate an amendment to an appro-
priation bill to allow navy yards: to
bid on work on: government owned
or controlled ships. That amendment
has passed the senate and now is In
4 conference committee.
Under its terms Boston navy yard
could bid on the Leviathan work, but
the president failed to hold back: the
letting OF the contract and it was
awarded on the basis Of the old. bids
which. had only until Feb. Ii, to rum
The labor world., 1922-02-25
: ONTARIO ACCIDENTS.

There were 45.191' accidents re-
ported to the Ontario workmen's
compensation board in 1920, a de-
crease ofs9, $50. The fatal accidents
decreased from 452 to 3S6. The
daily average was ISL accidents re-
ported in 1921 as against 1873 in
1920 %-l-l r.. r ~ ~ y :. e %+s.s
The labor world., 1922-02-25
AMERICAN WORKER IS EARNING
LESSWAGET Than BEFORE WAR
Senator La Toilette Reveals Condition Of Working People In
Sensational Speech Rai|roa ds Would Reduce Labor to
s $3.50; Worst Comb nation in History.

Washington D. c., Feb 3d. From Charles H Kelley, Spe
ca Correspondent the American worker is
today receiving less real than before the the American
determined force him back still lower
scales with living for 20
back that the worker off than he the begin
The labor world., 1922-02-25
G(i' :RNh|ElllU|1' Re SORTS TOSAhlk
llAc1lcE As RAILROAD HEADS
fstratIon Having Levathan, Monster Ship Reconstruct
vun Private Yadby Contract, Whsa Navy Yards car Do
Wolk at Less Money; ssts People $2eooMols, . {:

Washington D. c. Feb 23-(From Charles H Kelley, Spe-
the public the yards and the
workers in those yards the administration has thrown great
Shipbuldn1 Co. - !: $<f
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-10-02
DEATHA.

DAWSON September 80. 1927 rI1.
May. wife OF D. X. Davis AGED AZ wears
Relatives and friends are invited to al
residence 1918 West second street nn
Tuesday afternoon. October 3 At O'Clock,
lnterment Red Clay Greek cemetery.
DOMAIN UE-In this city, on Sent~mhe-
p. 1922. Cornelius. husband Of Julia
Relatives. friends. members OF p q r.
No. -. and Modern Woodmen Of America
are invited TO attend the funeral from
"wednesday morning. October = A. On .
O'Clock. Requiem mass at St PATRICK :
Church. 1nterment Mt Cathedral GENE
tory.
CLAyEY-In this city. on September 30,
A. Clavey, aged 80 years
Relatives and friends are invited to at
tend the funeral services at the residence
= his parents: AS Concord avenue on
O'Clock. Interment private At Riverview
cemetery.
FLEETwOOD--In this city, on october
1922. Evin Fleetwood. husband Of Eliza,
beth Fleetwood. aged 60 years
Relatives and friends are Invited TO .t.
tend the funeral services at tn resi.
dence OF his BOD. William H. Fleetwood
lolo Hutton street. on Tuesday after.
mont at Lorhbardy cemetery
GREE SWOOD-In this city, on Octobe,
,. 1922. George X. Greenwood. 49,
% years
Due notice OF funeral will be given.
GALE-In this city. on September 20
1922, Annie E.. wife OF Alfred G. Gale
aged 20 years.
Relatives. friends and members of Del
marvia Lodge, Ladies' Auxiliary Of I'd,
Brotherhood Of Railway Trainmen are in
vited to attend the funeral services at he
late residence. S05 Anchorage stree. ol
Tuesday afternoon ct o'clock. 49,
ment at Mt Salem cemetery.
THATCHER-In this city, on October 2
1922, Frank d. Thatcher, aged AZ years
Due notice OF funeral will be given ,
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-10-02
OLD DIVER LAUDED
FOR UNUSUAL FEAT
]. Frank Rhein OF Delaware City
Works Far Down on River
Bottom.

Special Correspondence Every Evening.
Delaware City. Oct. III. Frank
Rhe!n, an old 'sea-dog'' and "A local
deepwater diver OF note, has received
much praise from the officers Of Fort
du pont and citizens OF this locality,
for hiS recent good work In locating
the tcn-inch gun plstons- In the Della
ware river channel which were lost
overheard recently when the sloop
conveying them from Fort du. Pont
to Fort Delaware sank when in the
channel near the Delaware wharf
The pIetons weigh 1900 pounds each
and are twenty feet In length.
Where the pistons were first lost
overheard. the Fort du Pont authori-
ties asked assistance from the govern
ment engineering department who dis
patched a diver here to try and 10
cate them. When the diver heard,
however, that the depth OF the river
channel at the point they became lost
wac flfty-nine feet. he refused to 90
under water In an effort to locate
them.
The pistons remained In the river
until Lieutenant Burke. OF Fort du
Pont, hearing that MI. Hneln hau
once been diver. asked him IL he
would try and locate them. Mr.. Rhein
constructed wire sweep and on the
first day located them on the bottom
Last Friday. he succeeded In tying a
rope TO each and on Saturday they
were raised by the L-5G and carried
10 the parade ground ut Fort Della
ware.
The current Mt this point Is very
swift. The depth Is from fifty to sixty
| feet. Mr.. Rhein had to make many at
| tempts to get down on the bottom be
fore he was successful In holding
footing.
Mr.. Rhcin was formerly in the emplo.
of the u. s. Engineering lDepnrtmen
| In Wilmington and handled all divinj
work on the Delaware river and infant