davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
MEMORIAL DAY
IS WORLDWIDE
Nav 80 Will Be Observed Inter-
nationally First Time
This Year.

BY United Press.
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, May l8-Memorial
Day, May 30, will be observed through.
cut the world this year by the Ameri-
can Legion.
When the Inter-Allied Veterans Fed
Grafton, made up Of the World War
veterans of America, France, England.
Canada, Italy and others of the Allied
nations. adopted the Legion's date for
the observance of rites for the dead.
May 30 became an International hO!i-
day. comparable only in universal OBJ
scrvance to Christmas.
The Legion will decorate and hold
appropriate exercises over the grave of
every American who sleeps on foreign
soil, as well as thus honoring the graves
of American and Allied veterans who
are buried in the cemeteries of this
country. Legion posts in France, Bel
GUM, Poland and Turkey will visit old
battIeGelds and adjacent cemeteries.
The United States graves registeration
service has completed its huge task of
returning to this country the bodies of
AZ ,023 of the A.. E. F. who died oyer
seas. but 10000 Americans will remain
permanently buried in cemeteries of the
Allied nations.
To finance the Memorial Day decora-
ton of graves overseas, each of the l.e-
gion's 1000 posts was asked to sub
scribe an amount equal to five francs
for each of its members. A central
committee of the Legion in France will
receive the funds from this. country and
have charge of decorating the individual
graves.
Gold star parents, desiring that espe-
cial attention be paid TO the grave of
their departed, requesting a certain type
of floral decoration or religious cere-
mOny, were asked to communicate their
wishes to the organizations national
headquarters. indianapolis, from which
they were relayed TO the Legion post
nearest the place Of burial.
For Memorial Day Obseryances in the
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
COMMITTEES CHOSEN FOR
COMING HUNTSDALE FAIR
President Of Community Club
Names Emmett Williamson
General Chairman.

The Hunisdale Community Club i.
making arrangements for Communit,
Fair to be held next fall. No definite
date has been decided upon but the fail
will probably be held Immediately pre-
ceding the State Fair at Sedalia in or
der that exhibits may be shown at both
places.
A. Ferguson. of the Community Club
has announced the membership of several
committees. Emmett Williamson will
serve as general chairman of the fair
Miss Ruth Wilkes and Mrs. NJ. l.. Doug
las will have charge Of fancy work, can.
ming, and cooking exhibits. The com.
mittee on livestock, field crops, and ath,
letics is composed of Turner Hayden and
W. ID. Hern. Entries for the livestock
exhibit will be accepted now. Various
concessions and privileges will be let
soon.
Members of the Hunisdale Community
Club expect the fair TO be the biggest
thing of its kind held in Boone County
this summer. Both indoor and outdoor
entertainment will be provided. Pre-
MUM lists will be out soon.
The community Club Hall at Hunts
dale is now being remodeled. A full
size stage with drop curtains is being
built. 1t will be completed in time for
the presentation of THE Arizona Cow
boy" four-act local production. TO be
given May q. The proceeds will go to
the baseball team.
The Club served dinner at the sale
held by Pearl Calvin recently and netted
500 profit which will be applied on the
purchase of a piano.
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
HUNTSDALE NEWS

ChasF. T. Williams visited friends in
Hunisdale yesterday.
Mar y Malarry of Huntsdale was in CO.
lumbia on business yesterday.
]. A. Stewart of Ceniralia, was bus
mess visitor in Iluntsdale yesterday.
Owen Howells of the University, was
a business visitor in Huntsdale yester-
day.
Seventy-five guests were present at a
dance given in honor of Eugene Burk.
son of Jack Burk. last night in Hunts
dale A local orchestra furnished music
and refreshments were served
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18

left yesterday for Washington, d. C., ha;
postponed her departure because OF the
illness of her mother. She will leave
Monday or Tuesday Of next week. Mrs
CAN'T is chaperon at the Kappa Alphs
house.
Miss Wilhemina Herwig, former stu
dent of the University, who has just com
pleied a year of teaching English in the
Pennington, Mo-, High School, was to
arrive today to resume her work in the
University. She will receive her b. 5.
degree in education at the end of sum-
mer school.
DR.. Louise Stanley, chairman Of the
home economics department of the Uni
versiiy, returned recently from Chicago
where she attended regional meeting
called by the Federal Board of Vocational
Education. Various problems relating to
vocational education, especially in agri-
culture and home economics. were dis
cussed. While in Chicago, Miss Stanley
also attended the National Hotel Show,
where interesting exhibits of hotel equip
ment were displayed.
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
WANTED TO BUY TODAY

Good, Second-H Hand Furniture, Stoves.
Rugs, Etc. Phone for our buyer and
get the highest price. Phone 238-red.
Hughes Furniture Co-Adv.
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
5000 VISITORS
EXPECTEDF
JUNE q, q, q
Farmers Field Day Will Be Bet.
ter Attended Than Ever
Before, Weather Per-
hitting.
n1itting.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED
Governor Hyde Accepts Invita-
ton on Conditions That
He Will Not Have
to Talk.

Five thousand visitors are expected to
attend the Farmers Field Day program
June q. %, %. Among the visitors
will be Governor Arthur NJ Hyde, who
has accepted an invitation on condition
that he is not asked to deliver an address.
He wishes TO attend only as visitor and
not as a state official.
The faculty of the College of Agri'
culture met Tuesday TO discuss arrange
ments for handling the large attendance,
which will exceed that of any other field
day. weather permitting. Dean Mum
ford outlined the plans for the ihree-day
program. and the following committee
chairmen appointed: Grounds, Horace
Major: parking of automobiles. ID. W.
Chittendtn; rest rooms, drinking water,
etc. A. c. Ragsdale; program, NJ. F.
Miller; camping. E. A. Trowbridge;
publicity, A. A. Jeffrey; information, A.
]. Meyer; and visiting women, Miss Essie
NJ. Heyle of the agricultural extension
seyvice in home economics. Miss Heyle
will be assisted by other members of the
same department.
The dean said that every member of
the faculty would serve on one of these
committees. The entire staff of the ex-
pertinent station and agricultural exten-
sion service is given the responsibility
for making the Field Days success.
In carrying out the program this year
definite centers of interest will be estab-
lshed at various points. AT each center
someone will be stationed to point out
and explain features of interest. Last
year the visitors followed a regular route,
going from place to place according to
a schedule arranged beforehand. The
large attendance expected this year has
made a different system essential. since
it is thought tina, large groups cannot be
kept together.
Dean Mumford has received assurance
of the cooperation of the State Grange,
the Missouri Farm Bureau and the Mis-
souri, Farm Association. These organiza-
iions will send out official invitations to
the Field Day activities
Both the NJ. K. & T. and Wabash rail-
roads have extended the return limit of
the fare-and-a-half rate until June q, so
that Boone County farmers may take ad-
vantage of the reduced rates for Boone
County Day, which is June q.
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18

months visit with her parents, MIR. and
Mrs. W. H. Martin, at Oxford, New Jer
sey.
Mr.. and Mrs. W. L. Shenck and grand
daughter, Helen Marie Meistedt, of Cape
Cirardeau, who have been visiting at the
home of F. p. Miller, went to Hannibal
yesterday.
Mrs. L. Hicks went TO Urbana, Ill.,
yesterday to visit her daughter, Miss
Vivian Hicks, who will be graduated
from the University of Illinois in June.
She will be back Monday.
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
UNIVERSITY NEWS

r. L. Waddell, extension sheep special
isl, is in Chillicothe on business.
p. II. Ross, state county agent leader,
left this afternoon for Kansas City on
business.
Mrs. p. H. Ross and children left to-
day for San Diego, Cal, where they will
spend the summer.
ID. X. Lange, who was graduated from
the College of Agriculture last Christmas,
is attending the Fertilizer Conference this
week.
Prof. E. L. Morgan Of the College of
Agriculture, has returned from jefferson
City, where he attended a conference of
social workers.
II. c. Hensley, assistant state leader
of county agents, has returned from a
two weeks trip in Southeast Missouri,
where he has been supervising the work
OF county agents.
Miss Addie Root, state leader Of home
demonstration agents went to Mound City
today. She will be in St. Joseph Satur-
day and will supervise the work of agents
at both places.
II. NJ. Skidmore, regional director Of
the Pacific district of Federal Board of
Vocational Education, who has been in
Columbia visiting the University, left to-
DAY for Washington and other western
states.
Announcement has been received here
of the birth of daughter, Madeline, to
MIR. and Mrs. Ray Z. Miller. of Ponca
City, Okla. Both Mr. and Mrs. Miller
are graduates of the University Mrs
Miller was formerly Miss Dorothy Blanks.
Mrs. James b. CAN'T, who was TO have
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
FLYNN REALTY COMPANY
Farms Town Property Insurance
Room 2l0 Guitar Bldg. 6-3-22
HENRY H. LOUDENBACK TO d.
RECT A SUMNER SCHOOL OF
MUSIC AT CHRISTIAN
rnIIECE


A summer school Of music will be
held at Christian College during the
summer vacation under the direction OF
Henry II. Loudenback, director Of the
Conservatory Of Music. Credit courses
will be offered in piano, pipe organ,
voice, harmony, musical analysis, history
Of music. The faculty will consist Of
the following teachers: Henry II. Loud
enback, piano, pipe organ and theore-
iical branches; Margaret Roberts Green.
voice and history; George LOudenback,
piano and technic; Ruth Flynn Patton,
piano. Arrangements for instruction may
be made with individual teachers, or
with the director. Summer school will
open Thursday, June 9th. For further
information phone 6O7, or write to the
director, Henry H. Loudenback, Chris
tian College Conservatory Of Music
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18

United States, the Legion prepared a
suggested program Of ceremonies, that
rites might be as nearly uniform and
as comprehensive as possible. Patriotic
and social organizations have been in.
vited to participate.
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18

Commencement Address by Elliff.
]. ID. Elliff. professor OF high school
will give the commence.
meni address before the Laddonia High
School students tomorrow.
The Columbia evening Missourian., 1922-05-18
FAIRVIEW CLUB TO DEBATE
10 Speakers Will Try Out for Con.
test With Huntsdale.

tCSl WIN I1uutSudIcs
The Fairview Community Club will
hold debate tomorrow night at the Fair.
view church. The subject is: Resolved,
that it is practical for the gasoline mo.
tor to supplant the horse.
A. E. Russell, Clint Traxler. Mrs. Ruby
Traxler, Miss Mary Buffum and Miss
Ola Smith will uphold the affirmative
side. The negative team is composed
of Ralph Pickering. Earl Traxler, Clar-
ence Spurgeon. Mrs. Riley Todd, and
Mrs. Thomas Smith This debate is in
the nature of iry-out for the speakers
who will debate the Huntsdale COmmun-
ity Club probably within the next two
weeks
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02
EXPLORE BAFFlN LAND
Expedition Underway tO Arctic
Seas From Quebec

THE PAS, Man. Sept. a party
OF three Quebec explorers. under the
leadership OF Alfred Trcmblcy. an
Arctic explorer OF note. now are on
the way to the Arctic seas where In.
vcstisations OF Baffin Land and at
the Magnetic pole will be conducted.
Tremblay's party will be the first
In history 10 attempt the journey.
which they are undertaking by can
oes and afoot. The party has four
specially built freighting canoes and
some 5000 pounds OF freight. Their
equipment includes all the latest In.
struments.
The expedition Is a private one and
marine. land. general and geological
surveys will be carried out. The trip
will occupy approximately two years.
Tremblay has made many trips
into the Arctic regions. He was only
10 when he made his first journey,
He was member OF Captain Berrs
ier's expedition Of 1901. 1898.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

NEW YoRK-onc feature that Is
noticeable about the autumn gowns Is
their breaking out into gathers.
These do not come ut the back. but
sometimes at the side and often In
front. DrapcrIes too. are no longer
concentrated at the back Of a frock
They are caught up with at the side
or In front and the girdlcs fasten on
at the front more often than at the
side. The back. In contrast, Is
straight and plain.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

likely that this Scnsiblo and com.
Portable style viii soon disappear.
especially for women who are petite.
The new knickerbockcr suits do not
have the short Goa, which topped the
suits for summer time. There's u
long, warm oycrcoat. topping the
knickcrs almost To the knee. II Is
long enough for warmth and short
enough to dispense with the clumsi.
ness OF skirts.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

A family reunion which took the
form Of a picnic supper was cclcbra,-
cd last Tuesday evening on the west
side Of the river. honoring Mr.. and
Mrs. r. N. Wilson OF Mcdford and
Mrs. a. l.. Harvey of Ashland. The
affair was given by relatives OF the
guests. The real feature OF the even
ing were the fresh venison steaks
which were cooked over the glowing
Goals OF a real campfire. The veni-
son was the gift Of Robert Sloan who
had returned home from a successful
hunt from Secret valley the day be-
fore. The following were present:
Mr.. and Mrs. r.. N. Wilson. Mrs. X
l.. Harvey. Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Goci'
Ter and family. Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Sloan. Mr.. and Mrs. Nate Otterbeln.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rodcrick Smith, MIR.
and Mrs. Louis Iioagiand. Mr.. and
Mrs. Ice Parker. Grace IIoagiand.
Opal Harvey. Stanley Hajicck and
Junior Sloan and Frank Wright.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

In several southern states fish are
being turned loose TO eat mosquitoes
Poor fish.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02


Charming. indeed, was the we'd.
ding Of Miss Mylcr Calkins to George
Stevenson last Sunday morning at the
home Of the brides parents. MI. and
Mrs. II. Il. Calkins. Exactly at 10
o'clock the bride appeared aecompan-
led by her father. who later gave her
away. and her sister. Miss Clara Cal.
kins. maid OF honor. They met Mr..
Stevenson and his best man. Edward
Gcary. In front OF the fireplace which
Inns been transferred into an altar OF
flowers and ferns for the occasion.
Mrs. Fred Cofcr opened the cerc-
mony with the I/ohcngrln wedding
march. and Miss Esther Calkins sang
20 Promise Me-" The service was
read by tho Rev. s. J. Clancy. Al
the close the Misses Clara and Esther
Calkins sang q duet. ''Belicvc
Me II All Those Endcaring Youny
Charms" accompanied on the piano
by Mrs. Cofer. The bride was lovely
in a gown Of white canton crepe trim.
med In silk lace rsnneis. Her veil
was Of silk tuilc and she carried q
bouquet Of Prussian liIlics-of-the.
valley. butterfly roses anc orcn,6s.
showcrcd with Cecil Drummer roses.
The bridesmaid was Eowned In or
chid-eclarcd crepc-backcd satin and
carried an arm bouquet OF Madame
Russell roses. Mrs. Caikins was
dressed In becoming black silk with
u eorsage OF iiiies-of-the-vsiiey and
orchids. Immediately after the cere.
mony Mr.. and Mrs. Stevenson chang.
ed to travelling clothes and left In
their car for California. The guest
list follows: Mr.. and Mrs. J. q. Stew.
enson. Mr.. and Mrs. Don Stevenson
and children. Mrs. Fred Cofer. Misses
Evangeiine Foster. Mary Mccormack.
Agnes Mccormack. Faye West. Mar.
jorie Delseli. Maybelie Leavitt. Mar.
garet worden. Mary Jenkins. Marie
0benchain, Ruth Lindsay. Bob Riggs
and Paul Noel.
Friday. September s. the woman's
Library club will open its club year
with an at home, at which all daugh.
ters of members will be honor guests
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

PARIs-A little hat OF bright red
velvet has three distinctive features.
One is a ruche OF the velvet. wide and
soft. which forms an upturned brim
for the draped crown. A second fea-
ture is the use OF mosaic halrpins
with long oval handles. thrust into
the crown on either side OF the
front. The third feature Is a thin
veil OF pearl grey embroidered round
the edge with bright red. which is
fastened to the right side OF the
brlm and falls without pretensc OF
shading the face In handkerchief
folds to the shoulder.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

NEW YoRK-iIt loohs Az .Atpnsh
the most important part OF Nc fur
coat this winter Is To b" the. lining.
or stunning figured saiins. of rich.
plain coiors embroidered with metal
lie threads II would be pity II these
Innings were worn to blush unseen.
As a matter Of fact. long. arm holes
with no sleeves or with sleeves copi-
ously slittcd will ensure a glimpse.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

Get results By using class ads.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

NEW YORK-The knickerbock-
er suit Is still the fayorite hiking cos
tune for autumn wear and II Is not
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

A group OF the younger men about
town were hosts on Friday OF this
week at a delightful dance at tho
White Pelican hotel. This is the
first OF a series Of dances which are
planned for the coming season.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02
@SeQ5IEF&

1iostcsscs for the afternoon will he
Mrs. T. &. Campbell and Mrs. Fred
Baker. A program dealing with the
girl, her needs and problems. will be
taken up under the direction ot Mrs.
~, II. l.. stewart, Mrs. Bcrt Thomas
and Mrs. u. NJ. Smith. Each Of these
thrco ladies viii speak Of different
phases in a girls development. Miss
Constance Fisher. Lucille Harlan and
Margaret Cummings will add music
to the afternoons entertainment,
Following Fridays meeting. the club
will hold Its regular gatherings on
the second Friday OF each month IN
I'll next June.
Officers for the coming year are;
Mira. II. n. Harrison. president; Mrs.
Mollic Bclding. first vice president;
Mrs. X. G. Cummings, second vice.
president: Mrs. Il. T.. Wright. sccre-
tary and Mrs. ID. NJ. Smith. treasurer.
The program for the coming year
will be: October. American Citizen
ship: February. Colonial Display:
March. Interior Decorations: April,
School Exhibit; May, Our Flower
Garden: June. Natural Parks.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

The Happy Hour club mot with
Mrs. J. J. Keller on Tuesday after
noon. A social afternoon was passed
with sewing and visiting at the close
Of which the hostess served delight
fui luncheon TO tho following ladies':
Mosdamcs n. A. Emmitt, George
Humphrey. q. NJ. Hector. +. Jones.
w. y. Johnson. u. .Ruconich. s. Sum
'mcrs. william steinn,etz. q. W. Brat.
ton and Lloyd Alfred.
Mrs. NJ. Motschcnbaeher. Mrs.
John Linman and Mrs. Frank How
ard were joint hostcsscs at farewell
party Friday for Mrs. r. L. Harmon.
at the homo Of Mrs. Howard. A
large number OF friends of Mrs. Han
non were asked In for the afternoon
10 bid her farewell. as she leaves very
soon for Oakland, California. to Join
her sons who. are , In school there.
At the close of the day dainty re.
frcshments were served by the hos.
tesscs. Present were. Mesdames W.
r. Davenport. Il. q. Dreher. Charles
Mcguire. Byron Noud. r. L. Dewcese,
Mike Lavenick. W. +. lamm. George
Watt. ]. c. Boyle. Charles Thomas.
Guy Ekwall. A. Won Kralinger. Harry
harsrsves, Mccormack. W. II. Nc
Ferren, A. J. Santamaw. Fred Hous-
ton. o. W. Robertson. John Brett.
Joe Brett, Charles Balm. W. w. Con-
nors. Miss Bernsrdine Harmon. Mar
gucrite MCGUIRE and Father Mar
shall. -.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1922-09-02

Friday. September s. the woman's
Library club will open its club year
with an at home, at which all daugh.
ters OF members will be honor guests.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1922-10-05
I.AR,ONE

Omar Herrick of Lagrange was a
week end visitor at w. J. Marcia's on
his return from Boston where he had
been for two weeks in consultation
with a specialist regarding his health.
c. e. Campbell who is an expert
shoe worker goes to Wilton where he
will be employed by the Bass Shoe
Co. of that place. Mrs. Campbell also
goes into the same shop to work and
as soon as they can get rent will move
there for the present.
Charles Sheaff of Norridgewoek
with Mrs. Lizzie Parsons and daugh-
ter Euleter were Sunday visitors at
the Cedars.
Mrs. Tracy Stevens and children of
Skowhegan were week end visitors at
her sisters Ms. Kettle Head and at
tended the fair at Norrldgewock.
Less than 30 per cent of an apple
crop will be gathered in this vicinity
fiji ffffffff acc ffcycff ffff
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1922-10-05
RIVER ROAD

Percy Mum has returned to De
troit Mich. after visiting at the home
of his sister Mrs. Annie Clayton.
Mr. and Mrs. William Gathers and
daughter Edna Of Waterville have
been spending a few days at the home
of her parents, MIR. and Mrs. Charles
Boyle
Mrs Elmer Blaisdell entertained
the Country Club at the regular meet
ing After the business meeting a So
cial hour was passed with delight
ful refreshments. The next meeting
will be with Mrs Margaret Lord.
John Wvman and Clinton Wyman OF
Belgrade were recent guests at the
home of Roy Warren.
The many friends of Mrs. Frank
Gagne are very glad to know she Is
gaining so fast.
This road was we'll represented
Wednesday at the fair.
Miss Michue Is at work at Franz
Sayage's.
Roy Warren's family enjoyed straw
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1922-10-05
BRIGHTON

Mr.. and Mrs. W. J. Foss of Etna
are visiting this week at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs l.. J. Haskell.
All roads lead to Athens Tuesday,
October 3rd.
George Braser and family attend
ed the fair at North Arson, Saturday.
Sept. 80.
Mr.. and Mrs Jack Murray, their
son and daughter, Frank and Louise
of Watcrville, visited Mr.. and Mrs.
Tom Farrin, Sunday.
Mrs. Chas. Decker, Mrs. r. A. Deck
er and son Albert of Skowhegan, Mrs
Lydia Farrin of WaterVille visited re-
latiyes in town, Sunday.
George and Ivan Foss and Miss Es-
Their i ,ss of Parkman, Miss Young oil
Sangeryille were calling on friends
here, Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs H. N. Farrin went tC
Scion Monday to attend the funeral
of Mrs Farrin's nephew, Albert Head
Geo Brasier went to Harmony Mon
day with a load of poultry to ship to
Massachusetts.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1922-10-05

she will be employed for the winter
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Goodwin OF
Pittsfeld and Mr.. and Mrs. l.. J. Bos-
ton of Woonsoeket, r. l., are at the
Goodwin farm for vacation.
j. l.. Baxter of the Snow Flake
Gaming Company, Brunswick, accom-
panied by his friend Mr.. Drew spent
the greater part of two days in town
last week, guests at Longley's.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clifford Morrow of
Sangerville and Mr.. and Mrs George
Leland of Middleboro, Mass, were
guests of their aunt, Mrs. H. C. Pres
cott Saturday,
Mrs. F. o. Lyford of Pennington,
Mrs. Annie Vining and Mrs. Eta Han
son were dinner guests Sunday of Mrs
David Longley
Mrs. Nellie Bradbury. Mary King,
Isabel Martin and Mabel Nutter were
in Corinna Monday. 3 ~ - 8 M