New Britain herald., 1922-02-28
GIVES UP
 HOLD OVER EGYPT
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methods of Mahatma Gandhi in h. dia. Most of the population of Egypt is Mohammedan and in adopting the Gandhi policy they followed the lead of their Mohammedan brethren in India now allied to the Nationalist movement of the Hindus. The fol- lowers of Abbas Hilmi and Said Zag- loul Pasha, meanwhile, turned to more violent measures.
 Street lamps and shop windows were smashed in Alexandria. British government offices in Gizeh were raided and mobs entered the Euro pean quarter in Port Said. The dis turbances became so serious late in December 1921, that special British naval units were sent to SueZ, 1sma- lia, Port Said and Alexandria. Cairo for a time was without means Of transportation and 400 agitators were arrested in Alexandria. The authori- ties in Suez warned the public that airnanes would drop smoke bombs preliminary to actual firing to dis perse crowds. Government schools and law courts were closed, postal service restricted. Egyptian mer- chants cancelled orders with British firms and the Coptic patriarch 'rder- ed a nationwide strike"
 Urge Independence
 Zaguloul Pasha, one of the Nation aiist leaders, was formerly minister Of justice. Supported by strong Turkish and other elements, he has agitated complete independence for Egypt ever since the great war. After the wal his influence was so pronounced and his secret organization so widespread that the British had difficulty in finding any Egyptian willing to accept high office Tn the government.
 During the Paris peace conference, Zagloul and a few of his aides under took to present the case of Egypt, but he and his fellow9 Nationalists were arrested and imprisoned in Malta where they remained until the con- ference adjourned. The nationalsts, meanwhile carried on an extensive propaganda and Zagloul's arrest was accompanied by violent outbreaks in Cairo and Alexandria. On October IA, 1921, Zagloul arrived at Cairo but the British forbade his landing and Viscount Allenby, several months lat CT, ordered his deportation to Ceylon,
 Highway To Egypt
 British interest in Egypt, whose Suez Canal makes it the empires highway to India and the rich re- gions of the east, really dates from 1S4S when the railroad from Alex andria to Cairo was started. The country was, invaded by Napoleon in 179S and the French were expelled in 1891, but later for many years they occupied a predominant position in the affairs of the country. In 1856, when French influence was at it's height, Ferdinand de Lesseps was granted a concession for the construc- ton of the Suez Canal, which was completed in 1869. Meanwhile, the British had established a telegraph company and the bank of Egypt. Prime Minister Disraeli of England, about this time strengthened the po- sition of the British by purchasing from the protligate khedive 1smail, S20,O0O,000 worth of Suez shares.
 Ismail, after having lost thousands of lives and wasted vast sums in conflicts with Abyssinia and in ex- tending his dominion in the Sudan, was deposed in 1879 and his son, Tewfk Pasha, was appointed his suc- cessor. Anglo French control of the country continued until 1888 when the French withdrew, by agreement with England to devote their atten- ticn to Morocco.
 Revolt In 1884
 The permanent military occupation of Egypt by the British was follow cd in 1884 by the revolt of the Nah dists or religious fanatics, armed fol- lowers of supposed Mohammed messiah. General Charles George (Chinese) Gordon, who was sent by the British government to the Sudan to assist the khediva in withdrawing the garrisons of the country which could hold out no longer against the Mahdi was beseiged for months at of the city on January 26, 1885. Sub sequently, the revolt was put down, General Kitchener opened the road to khartum and Egyptian sway in that region was established by the British army in 1898. In the work of Egypt along modern lines, Gladstone, The Great Commoner' of