The Republican journal., 1922-01-26
"

Now, What Is the FARMER askIngi
without trying to catalogue the re-
medal measures that have been sug-
gested In his behalf. the principal pro-
posals that bear directly on the i'm
provement of his distributing and mar
keting relations may be summarized as
follows -
First: storage warehouses for cot
ton, wool, and tobacco, and elevators
for grain. Of sufficient capacity to meet
the maximum demand on them at the
peak Of the marketing period. The
farmer thinks that either private capt.
tai must furnish these facilities, or the
state must erect and own the eleva-
tors and warehouses.
Second: weighing and grading Of
agricultural products, and certification
thereof to be done by impartial and
disinterested public inspectors (this Is
already accomplished to some extent
by the federal licensing Of weighers
and graders), to eliminate underpay-
Ing overcharglng, and unfair grading,
and to facilitate the utilization Of the
stored products as the basis Of credit.
Third a certainty Of credit sufficient
to enable the marketing Of products
In an orderly manner.
Fourth: the Department Of Agricul-
ture should collect, tabulate, summa-
rize. and regularly and frequently pub
lish and distribute to the farmers, full
information from all the markets Of
the world, so that they shall be as well
Informed Of their selling position as
buyers now are Of their buying posi-
ton.
Fifth: freedom to integrate the busi
ness of agriculture by means of con-
soldated selling agencies co-ordinat-
ing and cooperating in such way as to
put the farmer on an equal footing
with the large buyers of his products,
and with commercial relations in other
Industries.
When business requires specialized
talent, it has to buy it. So will the
farmers and perhaps the best way for
them to get it would be to utilize some
of the present machinery Of the larg-
est established agencies dealing in
farm products. OF course If he wishes,
the farmer may go further and engage
In -four milling and other manufactures
of food products. In my opinion,
however. he would be wise to stop
short Of that. Public interest may be
opposed to all great integrations; but,
In Justice. should they be forbidden to
the farmer and permitted to others?
The corporate form Of association can
not now be wholly adapted to his OBJ
iects and conditions The looser CO.
operative form seems more generally
suitable. Therefore, he wishes to be
free, if he finds it desirable and feas-
ible, to resort to cooperation with his
fellows and neighbors, without run
ming afoul Of the law To urge that
the farmers should have the same lib
ertv to consolidate and coordinate
their peculiar economic functions,
which other industries in their fields
enjoy. is not, however, to concede that
any business integration should have
legislative sanction to exercise monop-
olistic power. The American people
are as firmly opposed to industrial as
to political autocracy whether at
tempted by rnral or by urban industry.
For lack Of united effort the farmers
as a whole are still marketing their
crops by antiquated methods, or by no
methods at all, but they are surrounded
nv q business world that has been
modernized to the last minute and Is
tirelessly striving for efficiency. This
efficiency is due In large measure to
bJo business. to united business, to In
tegrated business. The farmers now
seek the benefits of such largeness, un-
ion and integration.
The American farmer is modern Of
the moderns in the use OF labor saving
machinery, and he has made vast
strides In recent years In scientific
tiIIage and efficient farm management,
hut as a business In contact with other
businesses agriculture Is "one horse
shay" In competition with high power
automobiles. The Anne rican farmer Is
tha greatest and mos; intractable Of
,ndividualists. While industrial pro-
duction and all phases of the huge COM
merciaI mechanism and Its myriad ac-
cessories have articulated and co-ordi-
noted themselves all the way from nat
ural raw materials to retail sales, the
business of agriculture has gone on In
much the one man fashion of the back
woods of the first part OF the nine
teenth century. when the farmer was
self sufficient and did not depend upon,
or care very much, what the great
world was doing. The result Is that
the agricultural group Is almost as
much at disadvantage in dealing with
other economic groups as the Jay larh-
er of the funny pages in the hands OF
sleek urban confidence men. VINO sell
him acreage in Central Park or the
Chicago city hall The leaders of the
farmers thoroughly understand this,
and they are intelligently striving to
integrate their Industry so that 1t VIII
be on an equal footing with other busi-
nesses.
concluded next week.