New-York tribune., 1922-12-07
Child Tells Lausanne Par
ley Area Should BE
Kept Free by Treaties,
Not by Armed Forces
Allies Take Over
Doctrine as Own
Battle Cruisers Must BE
Allowed Wherever L. s.
Citizens Go, Says Envoy
By Wilbur Forrest

| Copyright 1871. New YORK Tfibune fno,
LAUSANNE, Dec. 6.--The United
States to-day went fatty on record
here for the freedom Of the Darda-
nelles and the Bosporus under a de-
militarized regime. Going several
steps beyond even the contentious Of
England, France and Italy, she spoke
for free. passage for commercial
craft, as well as for ships Of war,
through these important waterways
into the Black Sea, which Russia has
sought here to transform into a Boil
shevik-controlled lake.
The American attitude was made
known at the most important session
Of the conference yet held. The Al
lied powers, forming into a solid bloc
under the leadership Of Mi quis Cur
zon, offered the Turks a reasonable
solution Of the Straits problem, with
adequate guarantees for the lnyiola-
bility Of the. Mussulman ealiphato
and the city Of Constantinople.
A series Of sharp clashes between
Marquis curzon and Georges Tchit.
cherin, eliminating in a virtual threat
Of war BY the Soviet delegates
marked session more tense than any
ct held The Allied spokesman yer.
bally tore 70 pieces { = p-ss'.n lo-
mand for Turkish control Of the Straits,
commenting that the sole aim Of tho
Soviet seemed 20 be 10 convert the
Black Sea into a Russian laks, with
Turkey a. faithful guardian et the
Catent
AYou Make Us Armi" sho-ts soviet
Tchitehcrin's reply to Marquis Cur.
zon, equally acid, charged tae Allies
with carrying out n policy a med d.
rectly az Russia's subjugation and eal-
culated 10 create a state Of perpetual
menace In the Straits and the Black
Sea.
"You Gre compelling Russia 20 arm
arm-arml" he shouted.
Tchitchern flguratiyely took fsme,
Z Pasha BY the throat after to-dayt
session, warning him that Turkeys &C.
ceptance Of the All cd demands aimed
10 reduce Russia 20 a state Of yassal-
| ism, would be equivalent 20 throwing
Turkey into the bloc Of Russia's en-
emies. In the last analysis. however, II
Is the decision Of the Angora assembly
which caused the greatest fear here
tonight Whether extremists or
moderates are In control there 10 ths
question which the next forty-eight
hours must answer. War or peace may
lepend on H.
The Turks now face the alternatives
OF breaking with their treaty bound
friends, the Russians. who are urging a
course diametrically opposed 70 that Of.
fered by the Allies, or Of rejecting the
majority ruling OF to-day's conferences,
which bears The add'd authority Of moral
pressure by the United States.
Child Makes Ismet Pause
Ambassador chll8 to-day delivered
carefully prepared statement, which
Is regarded here as the most impor-
tant American Intervention In Europe
since the Versailles peace. His address
followed Immediately upon Marquis
Curzon's exposition Of the Allied pro.
posals, which not only outlined the
Allied terms, but gave q fat negative
answer 20 the Russian demand for the
closing Of the Straits, voiced by George
Tchiteherin, Russian Minister Of For
oign Trade and Commerce. on Monday.
Ismet Pasha, asked by Curzon 20 fol-
fow Ambassador Child, demanded time
70 think over the Allied plan, and the
conference again halted until Friday,
while the Turkish delegation explains
les dilemma 10 the Angora Assembly.
Although America is represented
here only In the capacity Of en- OBJ.
server there can be no doubt lie moral
influence is great. The United states
Is a humanitarian nation, and II thero
Is any doubt Of that In Europe to-day
the American part IN the great Eu-
ropean problem can best be summed
up In the demand 10 be able 70 plough
the waters Of any part Of the world
with any type Of craft, a. stated By
Mr.. Child.
"ships Of war are not necessarily
agents Of destruction" the United
States Ambassador said. "On the con.
trary, they may be agents for the pres.
ervation OF good, IN the prevention OF
disorder and the maintenance " peace.
We OtiltNtf IN common Win NNNIV
commercial nation. wish access 10 every
free body Of water In the world and
will not be satisfied II our ships OF
war may not pursue their peaceful er.
rands wherever our citizens and our
ships may 60"
Speech Also Influences Allies
Proof Of the American influence, not
only upon the Turks bat on the Alliea,
was given tonight In a document Ia
sued BY the covers Fastening 10 er-
plain they are not suggcstiay any mill
tary oecupation Of any kind for the
purpose Of guaranteeing the freedom
n the Straits, but are proposlng The
constitution Of a military and naval
commission composed Of representa-
tives Of the inviting powers and other
interested nations. This document was
prepared In view OF the following seq
tion OF the United States posltioni
1T Il our yiew." Ambassador Child
said. athat freedom Of the Black Sea
can be gained only By disarmament.
More than this, II Is our belief that
even armament designed 70 keep the
Straits open would In fact be Of dan
ger 70 the freedom Of the Black Sea.
III any nation or group Of nation,
representing the interests OF al ma
tlons accepts thu trusteeshlp for the
| -. -. - 49,. uInnI Caa fkfa fTuaInn.