Evening star., 1922-02-28
BRITISH END RULE
OVER EGYPTIANS
Protectorate Abolished and
Natives May Work Out Own
Institutions.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON. February 2s.-Prime Min
lister Lloyd George announced in the
/ house Of commons this afternoon that
the British protectorate over Egypt
| has been terminated. and that Egypt
| was free to work out such national
| Institutions as might be suited to the
aspirations of her people.
Government OF Exypt.
Egypt. with its population of TO-
| 100000 Fellahs, copts. and approxi-
maetly 10000 foreigners. is nominal
virtually has constituted a depend
ency of England. Its government Is
an hereditary monarchy. whose head
from 1892 to 1914. was the Khedfve
The stron. pro.GernaxS and pf6-
" in the war led to his deposition
and he was succeeded by his uncle.
| the former Prince Ahmed Fuad, at
one time president of the University
Of Egypt, who was invested with the
| title Of Sultan Hussein Kemal. Abbas
proclamation from Constantfnople in
1915 calling upon Egyptians and
Suuanese to rise against England.
whom he charged with his overthrow:
Later he was shown to have financed
Bolo Pasha, the defeatist agent. exc
Hilmi's estates in Egypt were con-
| hscated by the government.
Factions Numerous.
Several factions have existed in
Egypt. all of t;lem committed to inde-
pendence or greater freedom from Brit
ish rule. Followers Of Abbas Hilmi and
the nationalists. led by Said Zagloul
Pasha. constitute the radicals; adherents
of Sultan Hussein Kemal are the moder.
ates. Said Zag,oul Pasha was BAN
| ished to Ceylon by the British on De-
cember 20, 1921, following serious riot
ing In Cairo, Alexandria. Tanta and
other places. in which scores were killed,
many wounded and several hunderd per-
sons arrested.
Disturbed conditions followed the re-
! lection by an Egyptian delegation rep
reseEting the sultan Of a proposed con-
vention by the British government pro-
viding for termination of the pro-
| tectorate which has continued since 1914
and for new measures of native admin
| istFation under British control.
British Ihterests There.
British interest in Egypt, whose
| highway to India End the rich re-
gions of the east. really dates from
1s4s, when the railroad from Alex
andria to Cairo was started. The
country was invaded by Napoleon in
1898 and the French were expelled
| in 1901, but later for many years
they occupied predominant position
| in the affairs of the country. IN
| its height, Ferdinand de Lesseps was
granted a concession for the ..onstruc.
| tion of the Suez canal, which was
completed in 1869. Meanwhile the
British had established telegraph
company and the Bank II Egype
about this time strengthened the
position of the British by purchas.
ing from the profigate Khed!ye
Ismail. s2o.ooo'ooo worth of s"s1
Iamail, after having lost thousands
! conflicts with Abyssinia and in ex-
i tending. his dominion in the Sudan
was deposed in 1879 and his son
Tewfik Pasha, was appointed his
successor. Anglo-French control OF
when the French withdrew, ,iby agree.
ment with England, to devote their
attention to Morocco.
The permanent military occupation
of Egypt by the British was followed
in 1884 by the revolt of the Mahdists
or religious fanatics, armed followers
| of a supposed Mohammedan messiah
Gen. Charles George (Chinese) Cor
don, who was sent by the British
government to the Sudan to assist
the khedive in withdrawing the gar:
risons of the country, which could
hold out no longer against the
Mahdi, was, beseiged for months al
Khartum and killed in the stormins
Of the city on January 26, 1885. Sub
sequently. the revolt was put down
Khartum and Egyptian sway in that
rerion was established by the Brit
ism army in 1898. In the work OF
developing Egypt along modern lines
Gladstone, the great commoner OF
E.1lond had no small part