The log cabin Democrat., 1922-04-01

here today.
 The efforts of Charles to regain his throne, lost to him when the cen tral empires collapsed in 1918, ended with hls exile under guard to the Madeira Islands by order of the al lies. Charles and Empress Zita fled Austria-Hungary with the collapse of the empire and domiciIed in Switzer- land from which he made two spec tacular efforts to restore the Haps- burg dynasty by force. His armies Tn both cases were met and defeated by forces of the provisional govern ment, led by the rgent, Admiral Hor- thy. His second attempt called down the wrath of the allies and he was exiled as a dangerous person. His rulership of the dual empires dated from June 28, 1914, to October, 1918, the month in which Count Carolyi's " bloodless revolution" overturned the monarchy and resulted in establish ment of a free state.
 Charles 1 was born August 17 1887, the son of the late Archduke Otto of Saxony. He married the Princess Zita of the Bourbon house of Parma Italian) in 1911. When the Nunc Dimittis was sung for his dead granduncle, the Emperor Francis joseph, the only achievements of Charles brought to public notice haf hn an excellent shot and motorist. Ere quently he was seen in the parks of Vienna wheeling one of his young dukes in baby perambulator. When he acceded to the throne on December 30, 1916, Austria Hungary, torn by four years of war. saw the first faint gleam of possible peace.
 The course of the new ruler was regulated largely from Berlin and for the first six months of his reign Aus tria-Hungary was regulated as a mere German state. Hindenburg's successes in Galicia in 1916, in which Charles shared as a commander in the field, gave the young monarch a prestige which enabled him to hold the Austrians to the cetral powers l until the collapse of Bulgaria and T1rkey and the final crash
 Numerous peace overtures and manoeuvres characterized the diplo- macy of the dual monarchy after Francis Joseph's death, precipitated doubtless by bread riots and other outbreaks throughout Austria. Un- able to maintain his pledge to the German emperor "to continue the war to the end" Charles made use of the famous Dear Sixtus" letter, an autographed missive written in April 1918, to Prince Sixtus de Bourbon for transmission to the French gov ernment in which the monarch said France claim to Alsace-Lorraine was justified"
 Although the letter was denounced as a forgery in Vienna, the foreign officers claiming it had been written by French ecclesiastic who had been acting as confessor to the Empress Zita, subsequent proved it's authen- ticity. It was the fired revelation of the break between the German em- peror and his vassal king. Previous ly Emperor Charles had indicated his desire for peace, however, in speeches before the Rechsrat. In December, 1917, he declared his will lingness to conclude peace with the allies if they would guarantee the integrity of Austria Hungary.
 Conditions in the dual monarchy were rapidly growing worse. There were many cabinet changes and as sassinations. The Maguars, Czecho- Slavs and other nationalities were clamoring for constitutional reforms an autonomous government.
 Thereafter Charles lot was fal from being happy one. He was reported to have refused to send Aus | trian troops to the western battle front despite the German emperor's importantly. In every way he en deavored to stem the tide of revolu- tion which seemed to be rising. He promised all kinds of reforms and as a sop to discontented subjects par doned 24 prisoners awaiting trial at l Sarajevo for high treason. The em- | Dire fell in October of that year.