davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
Case of the Railroads
(From the New York Herald).


To The New York Herald: The
testimony of William G.. McAdoo,
former Secretary of the Treasury and
Director-General Of Railroads, and
of his successor as Director-General,
Walker d. Hines before the Senate
Committee on Interstate Commerce
is nov before those vitality interested
In our railroads, the 50,00O,OOO OF
our.people directly and indirectly in
terested through savings bank de-
poslts. insurance policies, work and
investments.
Many may reconcile the state
ments OF Mr.. Hines when he pro-
tests against Government owner
shin of our railroads. The expert
ence OF twenty-six months OF Fed
eral control Of our railroads was
lesson which has led to increased
taxes on the already burdened peo-
pie. The security holders Of our
railr lads are evidently in a similar
frame OF mind, IL conversational tes-
/ timony In different parts of the coun-
try is evidence Of their convictions.
But how can Mr. McAdoo's testi-
mony be made to jibe with the state
ment Of President Wilson when he
took possession OF the roads Decem-
Der 81. 1917:
Investors in railway secur-
tiles may rest assured that their
rights and interests will be as ,
scrupulously looked after by
the Government as they could
be by the directors OF the sew
eral railway systems.
II his promise was kept why was
! II necessary for President Wilson to
fsign on February 2S, 1920, the new
I transportation act, passed by a Re-
publican House and Senate? The
purpose of this new transportation
act was to guarantee to the railroads
certain conditions which would
eventually benefit the investors in
railroad securities and the people
Of the United States as we'll; for
we must remember those 50,000,O00
and more Of our people interested.
directly and indirectly, in the well
fare of our railroads.
The railroads were returned to
their private owners by President
Wilson on March 1, lSZV, TWO days
after he signed the new transporta-
ton act. In relation to President
Wilson's statement that the rights
and interests of investors in rail-
way securities would be scrupulous-
" looked after by the Government,
and in view OF Mr.. McAdoo's testi-
mony a quotation from the article OF
Floyd W. Parsons In the February
number OF the Worlds Work is of
interest:
That any abnormal sums Of
money was spent for equip
ment and maintenance during
Government control or since
then appears improbable in view
Of the facts available. During a.
test period Of time prior to the
taking over OF the roads by the
Government the carriers that
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09

various forms Of American participation, financially and
otherwise in any rehabilitation scheme that may be s1g
gested We frequently have been the object OF such at
lemps the past and 1t is well to steer clear Of
them in the future.
The United States Evening Journal readers know is
ready today it always has been ready to render any
proper and merted assistance to Europe any other
part Of the world. Se-help, however, is the FIRST and
most important factor the restoration OF national pros
perity
American capital will be invested in Europe and more
American credit extended European nations demon
straie themselves 10 be worthy.
The United States is neither pursuing policy OF soa-
ton Offering herself the burden bearer Of the
world.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09

and to assist in developing an en-
lightened public opinion, courts that
can be trusted to do justice as JUS
tice is understood throughout the
world. and, finally, a stoppage OF
the presses that print paper money,
and a consequent Sterilization OF
existing currencies.
should an international confer
ence. speaking with the voice OF
political power, deliver an ultima
tum embracing these demands, and
serge notice that until they be COM
plied with there could and would
no no trade, there would be basis
for hone. But solutions in terms of
international banking. unless other
things are done first, are scarcely
worth wasting breath or paper on
President Harding and Secretary
Hughes are naturally slow In &C
cepting the Genoa invitation, much
as they sympathize with many Of
tho declared detectives OF the gath
ering. The project so far is too
saturated with vaporish Keynes
nonsense. 1t is true that a condi-
ton precedent is tIlht iNuSSlh S-i''i'
agree to pay her honest debts. But
of what good is the promise? An
other tyranny at Moscow may fol-
low the present one and at once re-
nudiate the agreements OF It's pred
ecessor The pledge must obviously
be signed by those who have a rish'
10 bind the people of Russia:
The agenda of the proposed con
ference are in need of revision To
be of practical benefit the confer
ence must address itself principally
TO the business that it is competent
to deal with. The spirit OF prac-
ticality which marked the conference
at Washington must in some way be
introduced. Secretary Hughes aptly
said some time ago that trade could
not be carried on with a vacuum
and a trade vacuum Russia is likely
to continue to be as long as the eN-
listing government lasts
Reducing the issue to one SEN
tence. II may be said: What sane
trader. at his own risk, is now will
ing to sell goods on credit to So
vieteers or to those under Soviet
bondage
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
Editorial Opinion
BURNING UP ss4. $40 DWELLINGS

From the New York Herald
In the five years ended with De-
cember, 1920, the direct losses from
hres in the United States, as re-
corded by the actuarial bureau OF
the National Board of Fire Under
writers reached the stupendous to-
tai Of SI33S,17S.I42. This is the re-
cord compiled from 3,3O2,930 ad-
Justers' loss reports. 1t does not tell
the whole story of destruction
wrought by flames. Losses from un-
reported fires and from fires dam
aging or destroying property not in
sured are conservatively estimated
at quarter Of this total. Thus II is
figured that in five years the direct
money damage done by fires in the
United states reached S1,672,722.677.
The damages considered by fire
underwriters are direct losses on
property. They take no account of
indirect losses resulting from inter-
ruption of business. They take no
account of Inconvenience or OF ac-
tual want caused by suspension of
employment because of fire. They
take no account Of the manning and
killing of men and women and chill
dren.
If money to the amount lost in
fires had been invested in dwelling
houses the nation would be better Off
by 334,54O homes, each costing SIS
600 and each comfortably sheltering
family Of five persons If it had
been put into schoolhouses at $780,
600 each the United States would
have 1921 Of these structures. But
the money went up in flames and
smoke.
In the United States reckless ex-
travagance has been shown in many
things. Fertile lands have been
worked to infertility. Forests have
been destroyed. Game resources
have been exhausted In such cases
nature has exacted the penalty i'm
providence must always pay. And
when man by his folly and careless
ness burns down structures OF his
own creation. and by his needless
ness destroys the fruits OF his own
labor, he must pay the price, just
as he must pay it when he abuses
natures gifts. The fire loss imposes
continuous, burdensome, unneces-
sary tax on American enterprise. and
in that heavy tax we pay the cost OF
our folly with fire.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
RocKEFELLEn Az IME SCHOOLS.

TN twenty years John D Rockefeller has given S967ss,
O9 to teachers and schools, through his educational
board.
Charity, viewed by the worlds richest man, is best
handled by attacking poverty at Its source-ignorance
and disease.
KIN these two monsters and poverty automatically will
vanish. Such is the interesting philosophy Of John d.
II you had his money, could you spend it in wiser
way? II So how?
Rockefeller II he lived 300 years. would go step fur
Their and recognize Of the leading causes Of
disease and ignorance.
Rockefeller will pass into history OF the worlds
leading champions OF liberal education.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
Billion q Year Needed

WASHINGTON, ID. c.. Feb. s.
Walker d. Hines. former Director
General OF Railroads. testified be-
fore the Interstate Commerce Com
mission on January 81 in relation to
the capital needed for the develop
ment of American railroads. Part
of his testimony on that point fol-
lows:
Question (by commissioner Lewis)
Have you any handy estimate in
your mind as 10 the amount OF new
capital that would be necessary TO
meet the growing transportation
needs OF this country in the next five
years? l am not talking of main
tenance. l am talking now OF new
tracks, and so forth, and new equip
ment and new terminals, the work.
ing OF old terminals that would in
volve new capital, charges, and dou-
Bile tracking. and all those things.
A. Mr.. Commissioner. l had oc-
caSion TO think about that question
"A great deal before the war, 9nd /
have viewed il somewhat SINE the
war, and IL seems to me that VIII m
we consider the amount of nubHC
and different work that has had 90
he deferred, on account OF the war
and the aftermath of the war, and
when we consider the increased
costs of construction work. it would
be a conservative estimate to say
that for several years the public i'm
tercst would be promoted II about
billion dollars a, year could be cx-
pended for this purpose.
The railroads are far from being
cOmpleted-and i'm that respect they
are very different from the railroads
i'm Europe.
@. How much will they have to go
into the market for per year for the
next five years in order to meet the
growing transportation demands OF
this country II they are to be met
adequately?
A. Wei. the best estimate have
been able 20 make is that an expcn-
diturc of approximately billion
dollars n year for capital purposes
would be in the public interest. OF
course. they can get along and may
have 10 get along with less. hut I
believe that would he in the public
interest and would promote the pub
lie service.
IT you take the fair average of
fixed charges and dividends paid per
year and deduct that from what you
would assume is the normal and
what would be the net railway Op-
Grating income. you would get the
amount they would have 20 go into
the market for.
For example. IL we should find
that the fixed charges and dividend,
amount to 500. 900. 900 year and
If we take as a normal yearly re-
turn and assume that the railroad
companies would get that. say. the
billion dollars indicated by tn,
Transportation Act. there would h,
n surplus of $500. 900. 900 which
could he taken from surplus earn.
ings and put into the property.
But. of course. they could not tax,
that unless they had the earning,
and ON that basis there would h,
S70O, 100000 eventually TO be raised
in the market II the conditions wcr'
such as TO Justify them i'm going tina
far. But I believe ii would be In tn,
public interest IL they could go tina
/ far.
@. Now, assuming they Shout,
spend the amount OF money yoi
have indicated; IL they should spenl
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
GEMS or THOUGHT

Marriage IS monarchial form q government With a
queen the throne.
---.
Many a fellow is defeated by his doubfs-hs lack Of
confidence. Take the risk-to fslier would be sim
-.--.
The land without home government is incapable OF self
government no expect that from Such a people is the
widest sort OF a dream.
-.-.-.
10 takes great character 10 stand alone The man who
goes with the majorites only borrows strength He's
leech-nOhing For that reason the majesty OF a
is not known until he is standing in magnin-
cent minority.
Mark Twain wrote the word metropolis" but al
ways the word city" He said ne got Just as much
money for the short word conveyed the same meaning
and saved lots Of time. After all, wealth is the total
al MARGINS
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
sELF-HELP CONES FIRsr.

NJ Is fumored in Washington that the United states will
have no representative at the Genoa economic confer
ence.
Secretary Hughes is said TO oppose any participation in
European affairs while Old World countries continue to
maintain huge armies. though they are unable To
balance their annual budgets.
II an American delegate were TO be present at Genoa
lac could do ltle but transmit the OF his govern
mest the various phases OF European rehabilitation.
Everybody knows wnat hose views without The ne
cessity o. holding a conference 10 determine them
The future welfare Of Europe depends chiefly on HE
abandonment OF niiiarsm her people getting 10 work.
ana her governments insttuting rigid policies OF re-
renchmen They can. II they visit, hold meetings like
the Genoa conference but il does not require Amer-
those truths
Moreover, he presence or such delegate would give
zoroaean nations tempting opportunity for proposing
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09

were taken under Federal con-
troll placed annually on their
lines an average of something
over 90.OOO,OO0 ties, 100000
tons Of rails and 100000 Gu =
bic yards Of ballast, and hardly
any one would be bold enough
to say that the roads prior to
the war spent more money on
maintenance than was neces-
sary.
Yet, during the twenty-six
months OF Federal control it is
estimated that the Government
failed to make the~same replace
ment Of ties by over 30.0O0,000,
failed to make the same replace
ment OF rails by over 100000 .
tons. and failed to make the
same replacement of ballast by
over 100000 cubic yards.
In the matter Of equipment
IT'S per cent. of the companies
locomotives and So per cent. OF
their cars were in bad order
when they were turned over to
the Government. When the car
riers were returned to their
owners 26.9 per cent OF the To-
comotives and SIS per cent Of the
cars were in bad order. This in
dicates an undermaintenance
amounting to about $500 loco
motives and approximately 50,-
600 freight cars during Govern
ment control.
For twenty-five years many OF thu
POLITICIANS OF the two major parties
for the sake OF eXpediency and self
interest, have attacked the railroad
OF our country, and in many in
stances the people have been mis-
led by these politicians. The rail
roads in times past, like most hu
man Institutions, have made grievou
mistakes. They have been dreadfulll
punished for thee mistakes; so have
the security holders who in goo,
faith invested their savings in ou
railroads.
1t may be recalled that some o
our voters have supported the dem
agogic attitude OF politicians agains
their own personal interests. thei
own properties, and thus put fl
jeopardy their hard earned savings
They have, as it were. walked al
like sheep to the butchers only &
have their throats cut. Many be
ieve that the people have becom
at last personally interested in tn
fate Of their securities and the dem
agogic politician is reckoned to b
on the slide. at least in his attack
on the railroads. the properties o
the people.
Il takes the American people som
time to awake but when awakenel
they become rather ruthless in thei
anger, especially when they becom
convinced OF the truth-that on
railroads are as necessary to tn
business life and homes of this ma
ton as breath to the human body
PHILIP KING.
Washington, d. c.. February 8.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
SAFETY FIRST!

Two make they're not getting poison liquor, some
thirsty ones make the bootlesger take drink first.
II the booegger is Willing to drink his stun, the
foxy customers that II must be all right. That
would be pretty good rule for thirsty Deawareans to
follow.
TWO veteran barenders have just died in ST. Mary's
Hospital. Hoboken, n j. after being blind several days
They sampled some Of the sure stun" It wood
alcohol
II veteran barenders can't recognize wood alcohol by
smell and taste what chance has customer Under
takers know.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
sCENCE Am So.

DRoFESSOR JULIAN S HUXLEY, British scientist pre-
diets that time within this century science will
enable parents to have boy or girl child whichever
they prefer
That day Will never
II science discovered how 10 control before birth,
nature Immediately would raise up couneractIns nnu-
ence.
The proportion Of males TO females has definite and
purpose in natures system Of biology. We may not
know that purpose But do know that natural laws
are beyond mans control
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
WOOD AND HUMAN LIFE.

A babies rock in wooden cradles Life is piece
N Of wood after another. Finally the undertaken puts
many Of us away in wood. Wood at the beginning all
through life, and at the end
Where are you reading this9 look about Count the
articles you can that made Of wood In a steel
railroad coach? Wooden ties, under the rails sup
porting you The engine burns coal. form Of wood.
Life without wood would be next to impossible Yet
very little is being done to repensh our wood supply,
the forests Four-nfhs of them have been destroyed
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
RECORDS. PAST AND PRESENT.

over in England, no years ago, wool was shom from
" two sheep at o'clock in the morning. In fourteen
hours the wool been washed, dried spun dyed woven
into cloth and tailored into a coat.
Sir Richard Throckmortou has the coat now heir
loom
our ancestors weren't slow, after all When It came
To fast production. they could but didn't
Modern man in Delaware and elsewhere produces fast
because he has TO- No necessity for it 40 years ago
Necessity S the eternal and universal prod.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09

Pinkham's Vegetable Compound
with his medicine and I am now a
new woman. l have had three chill
dren and they are all Lydia E. Pink
ham babies. / have recommended
your medicine to several friends and
they speak highly of it. You are GER
tainly doing good workin this world"
MRS. ADRITH ToMsHEcK, 1857 Wa
bash Ave-, Chicago, Illinois.
There smoothing very strange about
the doctor directing Mrs. Tomsheck
to take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vege-
table Compound. There are many
physicians who do recommend it and
highly appreciate its value.
Women who are nervous, run down,
and suffering from women's ailments
should give this well-known root and
herb medicine a trial. Mrs. Tom
sheek's experience should guide you
towards health.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09

you put Dy0la Il.
|Pinkham's Vege-
table Compound
ION the market.
After / had my
baby l was all run
down and so ner-
vous it kept me
from gaining. My
doctor did every
thing he could to
build me up, then
The ordered me to
take lydia p.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
Doctor ORDERED
Woman 0BEYED
Took Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound
and is Now Well
IIlIIU1UuIIlIlIIIII

Chicago, Illinois. - "You surely
gave women one good medicine when
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1922-02-09
With the Photographers

casual reader might gather the impression that Con
is made up Ia part Of groups Of gnoramuses who
steered around by another group OF designing po-
clans and business rcksiers. II some OF the Of
in educational Institutions could find time to
minge Just little practice with their theories, IL might
save lot Of unpleasaniness.- Bee
Granted that sectional and class groups Congress are
undesirable and II they seek to profit at the sacrifice Of
the general welfare, they unpatrotic equally un-
patriotic is the attitude OF the American is unvi-
inc 10 give much consideration 10 American needs as
TO the necessities q Europe and the profits Of those
are willing sacrnce the welfare az their own country
in order to protect European investments and promote
European mporlations. one such bloc bad as an
other and the individual interest which Is ready 10
stir up sectional, occupationa hatred in America
matter what his location, san enemy Of the republic
National Republican.
The Coconino sun., 1922-03-10
HOW OTHER COUNTIES ARE HIT

The state of Arizona has borrowed since last spring $2,500,000. The first loan of these tax anticipation funds was in the sum of S1,500,000 for period of 80 days at approximately 51a per cent annual interest, or 25 per cent for the time employed. The second issue was in the sum of S1,000,000 at about 312 per cent annual interest, or 16 per cent for the time used.
 Available state funds, deposited in banks which failed, are as follows: Central Bank of Phoenix, $404, ,210; Central Bank of Wickenburg, $80815 Central Bank of Wilcox, 22,500, the total being $507,000. It is estimated that of the delinquent taxes probably $2,00O,000 is in Mari copa county. Hence, if the three banks had not failed and Maricopa taxes were paid up, it would not have been necessary to make these loans. Of course, back of all this is the tremendous expen- ditures by the state government, but the states obligations, even if intolerable from the view point of the taxpayer, have to be met.
 The interest on the tax anticipation funds, on account of the short time stipulated, necessarily is high, and the whole state must pay it, not the to pay it's taxes, made it imperative to borrow the money. Thus, the rest of Arizona must pay for the failure of Maricopa county to pay it's share of taxes on time.
 The new way of apportioning the school found, and the distribution of all other state money ex- cept the road fund, gives to Maricopa county great deal more money than any other county I iCSSiVCo' DuC HI PoyhS eiAS IA1SASo1 VII eASoS loans and in the general tax levy, Maricopa is third, and is just notch above Yavapai. It would not seem so unjust if the other counties were receiving funds in proportion to what they pay in taxes.
 Maricopa county is the richest county in the state, and the Phoenix chamber of commerce ad- mits it, but this advantage in wealth is denied when taxes come up. Thirty-fve per cent of the voters of the state are in Maricopa county, and that probably is why those in authority function so that the big county generally gets the best of it. Even with the big tax burden, the Marico- pans are consoled with the hope that the other counties of the state somehow can come to the rescue and add part of Maricopa's load to the heavy one they are carrying There is nothing like taking sugar from helpless child, it seems. Prescott Courier.