davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

What do you mean by liberty?
Washington was so sensitive on that
subject that he became a rebel because
that other George merely taxed his tea.
1t would be at least interesting to OBJ
serve Washington. were he alive now.
forbidden TO brew ale at Mount Vernon.
What do you mean by pursuit or
happiness? Do you think that Wash
ington would have felt happy with a
Federal officer or town constable snoop-
ing around his pantry or cellar in
search of liquor? Do you think he
could have held together the disheart-
ened remnant of his army at Valley
Forge IL he and II had foreseen the
present paternalism in government?
Or were the signers OF the Declaration
OF independence indulging in n sar-
donic bit of irony in advocating the
inalienable' right of the mere pursuit
OF happiness without actually getting
the happiness?
What do you mean by freedom OF
speech? Was Patrick Henry an an
archlst or a plain, free man when he
spoke so boldly in the face Of the de
facto British Government? Or are you
lO-udy "a pam JhChTiDbllt SAdTCu 10
utter in public what you damn in
private?
Some time ago said that the typi-
cal mental vice OF Americans was
logolatry-a superstitious alteration OF
mere words II reminds me very much
OF the poem read by Alice in Wonder
land:
Twas brillig and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble In the wabe.
All mimsy were tho borogroves.
And the nome raths outgrabe."
Its rather hard 10 understand
said Alices somehow it seems TO fiIl
my head with ideas-only don't knew
exactly what they are nrather thinE
shat most of us are ir 'he same con-
fused state OF mind when we use sucn
words as democracy, life. liberty and
pursuit OF happiness, constitutional,
scientific, evolution, progress. efficiency,
civilization. freedom Of speech. law.
reform, representative government,
vitamines, calories, eugenics. birth con-
troll. psychiatrv, psychosis. complexes,
subconscious.
Moreover | think that II is pre-
cisely because OF this needless use Of
words the United States has be-
come the paradise OF religious. peda-
gogical. political and medical quacl
who reap q rich harvest out Of US un-
thinking moba We are the easiest
marks in all The world fer a fraud.
provided It is labeled with a big name.
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

whose money is falling find prices
soaring above their means.
Even that does not seem a general
rule as yet in France, Germany and
Belgium except OF the classes living
on dividends and fixed incomes. La
borers, agricultural folk. factory hands,
mechanics and clerks seem to get more
of this paper money as its values drop
and prices rise. They are not yet
forced to the severe restrictions I'M
posed on the people of Austria anc
Russia. where paper money has hardly
any real meaning except in enormous
quantities. France as a Government
is utterly bankrupt without the Ger
man reparations. But the French
peasant isn't bankrupt. He is very
we'll to do. The French shopkeeper is
not bankrupt. He is making excellent
profits.
Prosperity in Belgium, in which
am now staying. meets the eye. Every
little plot of land has Its fiourishing
harvest. This Industrious people seem
to have recovered almost completely
from the hideous experience OF war. in
intensive. agriculture and its output
of small manufacture. Nationally 1t
is stin groaning from war losses and
burdens, but one does not see the
shadow OF this in the bright, busy
streets of Brussels nor in those little
red rooted towns through which Ger
man armies marched eight years ago
this very month.
All over Europe orchestras are play
ing merry tunes in public gardens 10
crowds of pleasure seekers. Even the
Russian opera is thronged. In Ger
many, despite the collapse OF the mark.
there is beer drinking and laughter
and no visible impression of impend-
ing ruin. Perhaps. as some think.
these paper debts, amounting to mill
ions between one nation and another.
mean nothing at all in life's realities.
but are just the juggling OF interna-
tional financiers playing games at
arlthmetical make believe. There is
some truth in that, but only until the
reckoning comes.
That is a real illusion. Inexorably
national bankruptcy viii mean indi-
vidual sufferings when the paper
money has to be redeemed In real
values. In the sunshine Of seaside re-
sorts and the gayety of foreign capi-
tails some of us who are searching
below the surface of things get over
our shiver of apprehension. Europe is
now holiday making, listening TO light
The New York herald., 1922-08-27
Secretary Hughes Is on the
Way to Rio as the Repre-
sentative Of the United
States Government and
Will Arrive for the Open
ing, September Z.

the famous message of President
Monroe; Brazil, which is proud to be
your oldest friend in Latin America
your friend in peace and your friend
in war: Brazil. which entered the
great war butt a few days after you.
because, as set forth in the message
of President Braz, with our elder
brother, the United States, at war It
was impossible for Brazil to remain
neutral.
Il am sure by the way you receive
us that you have in mind all these
proofs of our affection for you. And
am equally sure that you will accept
the invitation of Brazil"
Persons who may be contemplating
accepting that invitation for holiday
sojourn in Rio de Janeiro during the
exposition months will find interest in
these words contributed to "a recent
bulletin of the Pan American Union
by William A. Reid, trade adviser OF
that organizations:
Doubtless no city OF the world pre-
sents a grander or more picturesque
setting for a great exposition. Noun
tains. hills, dales, tropical verdure,
bays and the sea have all combined to
make the place distinct, unique, beau
tiful, enchanting. Nature assembled
ments and for a century and more
man. with his art and skill, has sought
to multiply and to perfect these nat
ural beauties by constructing great
and modern metropolis. This is the
environment of the Centennial Expo
sition--an environment that will hold
the newcomer spellbound, az well as
delight anew those who have previ-
ously seen the Brazilian capital.
Rio Has Population
OF More Than Million
"Rio de .Janeiro to-day has popu-
lation of more than million people.
The city takes its name from that
of the first month Of the year. as, on
January /. 1881, Martin Alfonso
sailed into the great bay about which
the city clusters and, thinking he had
entered the mouth of mighty stream,
christened it Rio de Janeiro-River Of
January. Politically, Rio de Janeiro
is situated within a federal district
about eight times larger than the
District of Columbia. The city it.
self covers an area Of about sixty one
square miles.
while sojourning in Rio de Janeiro
one may go by rail to Sac Paulo,
the worlds greatest coffee State, and
It's capital, the latter often called the
Chicago of Brazil This second city of
the nation is about 800 miles distant.
Excellent sleeping car service is main
tanned. but I would suggest a slower
day train in order to see the country
through which the road passes. as well
as to catch glimpses Of Brazilian life
and work to be observed on the way.
Large Areas Provided
For Display of Exhibits
1T may be recalled that some years
ago when the authorities decided to
improve and modernize Rio de Janeiro
a most ambitious plan of municipal
development was inaugurated. This
plan included the condemnation and
removal of nearly 500 small buildings
The New York herald., 1922-08-27
SLOVENES KEEP OLD
BELIEFS IN AMERICA
By BEATRICE WASHBURN.

4 MINIATURE America or, rather,
~ a miniature Colorado, has prac-
tically grown up far away in
Jugo-Slavia, the new kingdom OF the
Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. For from
Elovenia, the only Slavic country in
the Alps, come great numbers of our
miners and laborers. men who people
the vast plains OF Montana and Da-
kota and who live In the. little mining
villages of Colorado. Some OF their
customs they have retained and
brought with them, some of their Ian
guage has been mixed with English
and has become kind of language OF
Its own. There are towns in Colorado
where the distant Slavic saints pre-
side with all the magnificence and
splendor of their semi Oriental robes
and there are little villages in far
Slovenia where letters from America
are awaited with feverish impatience
letters that are often deciphered with
the aid of the village priest by the
Pickering candles of the little peasant
huts.
Along the walls of these huts there
are often borders of photographs. Dark,
stalwart looking men in unfamiliar,
ready made American suits. The
mother of the family often stakes
ner head and looks pcrplexed when
she gazes at these---Jan or Ivan was
different when he was at home in the
mountains In his picturesque peas
ants clothes These pictures have the
pince of honor in a Slovene home.
lrhey are often decorated with tiny
siraerican flag or bit Of spruce from
kne overhanging fir trees Sometimes
"a candle Is placed under them to sig
nify remembrance and the candle is
never allowed to go out. though even
cathedral candles and those reserved
for saints have a tremulous habit OF
fickering in the mountain gales.
And what gales there are in these
mountainsl The Julian Alps. called
that TO commemorate the conquest of
tne Balkans centuries ago by the Ro-
mans under julius Caesar in his tri-
umphant march against the barba-
rians, abound in mountain winds and
in bitter. clear, cold winters like those
OF Colorado. The natives are coming
10 America I'm greater numbers. There
are 1000 Siovenians in Pueblo alone
and nearly every mountain peasant
has relatives In Washington and Min
ncsota, in Illinois and Pennsylvania
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

~0R the third time within six
X teen years an American Sec
l. retary of State is on his way
to Brazil as IA special envoy
of good will from the great Republic
of the North to the most populous
Republic of South Ameri a.
The visit of Elihu Root when Sec
retary of State in the Roosevelt Cab
met. in 1906. and that of Secretary
cambridge Colby later are credited
with having done much for the adj
vancement of friendly commercial and
political relations in Pan-America-
Much is expected of the visit of Sec
retary Hughes, although he expects to
be In Rio de Janeiro only from the
date of the opening of the Brazilian
Centennial Exposition, on September
until September IL, when he is
booked for the return voyage aboard
the Munson Line steamship American
Legion.
Secretary Hughes goes to Rio as the
representative of President Harding
and of the American Government to
the exposition which from September
z, 1922. to March 81, 1923. is to COM
memorate Brazirs first 100 years OF
freedom. An appropriation of $1,000
O0O has been made by the United
States for it's representation.
A luncheon was held in the Hotel
Astor few months ago by 400 New
York business men under the auspices
OF the Brazilian Chamber of Commerce.
Its primary purpose was to inaugurate
the tour of the United States, then
about to be begun by Sebastiao Sam
paio, Brazilian commercial attache in
Washington, and the United States
commissioners to the Brazilian Cen
tennial Exposition, Frank A. Harrison
and Mrs. Arthur I.ivemore, to stim-
uiate interest in the coming exposition.
On that occasion Mr.. Sampaio spoke
OF the centenary as marking 100 years
OF unbroken friendship. In delivering
Brazifs cordial invitation for a large
American representation he said:
Brazil Large Exhibitor
At Our Exposition
From whom does this invitation
come? From Brazil. from its President,
DR.. Epitacio Pessoa, the great states
man who visited your country in per-
son shortly after his election three
years ago-an, old and sincere friend
OF yours; Brazil. which took part in
each of your eight greatest interna-
tional exhibitions, spending for that
purpose alone more than $4,000, 900 !;
Brazil. the only foreign nation which
in 1875 to your first centennial in Phil
adelphia, sent it's Chief OF State, it's
Emperor, Dom Pedro H., at time
when the kings Of Europe were still
somewhat fearful of visiting democra-
cies like the United States; Brazil,
which sent to Delaware Bay the only
foreign battleship that on July 4. 1876,
saluted the American flag together
with your navy.
This invitation comes from Brazil,
which sent to Washington it's first
diplomat or Minister Immediately after
fts declaration of independence: Brazil,
the first to thank you for the Monroe
Doctrine by offering an alliance with
the United States few months after
The New York herald., 1922-08-27
EUROPES HOLIDAY MAKING HIDES GRIM
POSSIBILITIES BENEATH THE SURFACE

music, careless of the threatening
storm cloud. terribly like that Europe
which a little more than eight years
ago in the summer OF 1914, until one
day in August, was just as light
hearted and utterly incredulous of any
warnings of the world cracking be-
meath it's feet.
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

in order to construct a wide avenue
city. This great thoroughfare. known
as Avenida Rio Branco, is to-day one
Of the worlds finest and most conspic-
uous examples of the modernized city
street. 1t extends north and south a
distance of about a mile and hall
and is 10 feet wide. Rows of Pau
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

streets. Along Avenida Rio Branco
structures, hotels, cafes, newspaper
plants, and office buildings. At ap-
proximateiy the halfway point Of the
Avenida the electric street car system
of Rio de Janeiro centers. Here the
cars are continually arriving and de-
parting, linking the city and outlying
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

Brazil, the species of tree from which
the Republic derives its name, occupy
the center. the sides being used for
traffic which of course moves in OPP
posite directions. This avenue also
serves as a connecting link between
sections of the bay: at either end OF
the former are large open spaces
which lead to other avenues and
The New York herald., 1922-08-27
BY SIR PHILIP GIBBS.
Special Cable TO THE NEW YorK HrsAI


BRUSSELS, Belgium, Aug. 26.-In
travelling about Europe as / am now
doing, like SO many English and Amer
leans who are holiday making on the
Continent. am constantly asking my
self whether there is any reality in the
political and international crises which
excite our newspapers. Have they any
direct bearing on the life OF the citi-
zens? Is 1t all illusion. this inter-
national finance, fiuctuation of ex-
changes theoretical bankruptcy of this
state or that? Did the breakdown of
the London conference between Lloyd
George and Poincare portend dark and
sinister happenings IN Europe per-
haps the ultimate crash OF European
civilization, as some of us arc tempted
to believe. or does II mean no more
than temporary difference OF opinion
between two political ideas, which
leaves the peoples Of Europe neither
better nor worse than before?
On the surface one doesn't see many
signs Of distress. either of the spirit
or in the material welfare OF ordinary
folk this side of Austria. Poland and
Russia. The beach resorts of France
and Belgium are crowded with people
who spend money which is falling rap
idly in exchange for English pounds
and American dollars, there enjoying
themselves lightheartedly. BY doub-
ling and trebling their charges the
shopkeepers and hotel proprietors keep
pace with the depreciation in the val
ues OF money. Paris is abominably
dear, even to Americans, who ex-
change dollars for francs.
Governments Seen, Bankrupt
But People Are Well of
Brussels, which was notoriously
cheap before the war. Is no place for
economy now. Everything costs at
least twice as much as before the Ger
man invasion English people get but
little benefit from doubling the amount
of Belgian money in return for our
own notes Where is the trouble on
either side IL purchasing values remain
about the game? II may be argued
that only foreigners get off SO lightly
and that tho inhabitants Of the nation
The New York herald., 1922-08-27
yugo -SIavia Growing
More Modern Rapidly

yug0-SIavla Growing
More Modern Rapidly
The growing modernity of Jugo-
Savia. with its international loans,
vast new railways and rapidly de-
veloping commerce is likely to give it
more publicity than has been accorded
its natural charm. In many ways the
loss Is regrettable.
At Christmas time truce lies upon
the Slovene valleys. The doors are all
left unlatched, for no one thinks OF
stealing at such a time and every one
In the villages, except the old people
and the babies. goes down the valleys
to attend mass. Lights arc left in the
windows to guide the souls OF the dead
back to earth in case they wish to
visit their old home on such a night
and for miles and miles the bells may
be heard ringing through the dark
forest. calling the people to prayer.
There Is one little church on an island
in the middle of the Lake OF Veldes
whose bell. so claim the miners of
Colorado, can be heard on Christmas
night far across the ocean in America.
More than one stolid Pueblo family
has been. troubled because a mining
boarder insisted on leaving the door
open on Christmas night SO he could
hear the bell.
Hear Bells of Christmas
Across Wide Ocean
And in North Dakota. along the
lonely prairies where the Slovene
farmers live. sometimes each farm
house ten or fifteen miles apart. the
bell can be heard. too-ringing all the
way from Jueo-Slavia, over 1000 miles
away. Some claim that 1t Is an IL
lusion OF the senses--the effect OF
snow and loneliness. or, perhaps, OF
inconsistencies, but the peasants know
better They say that II you have
been brought up within sound OF the
veldes bell you will hear II on Christ
mas eve all your life long, no matter
where you are.
And there is one inscription, carved
on n little cross where a lumber man
fell down a crevasse, that expresses
the austere and confding faith of
these mountain people:
''The road to eternity Is not long"
It reads. "at 1 o'clock he left home
and at o'clock he was already in
heaven"
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

, common sense to satisfy Franco by a
generosity equal or more than equal
to that magnanimous treatment OF
Germany. The only way out was to
wash out French indebtedness to Eng
land. to insure France OF military aid
in case of a future war of aggression.
That was an enormous sacrifice for
England to make, almost too great in
view of what happened before, but 1t
wasA worth while to save European
civilization. 1t Is the only plan.
Nothing else will save the situation
which is full of peril for the whole
world. It is madness to ignore the
peril. This holiday making spirit. this
summer sunshine, this apparent peace
in Europe hide forces moving to tragic,
terrible things.
May Be New Activity
Among the Miiitarists
III the entente cordiale is killed, and
there is now fierce passion rising in
French hearts against England, there
will be new activity among the mill
tarists. Airplanes and submarines
IN greater numbers TO crowd the seas,
will be demanded by British poll
ticians in order to catch up with the
French lead. Italy and Belgium viii
be inspired to similar activities.
Chemists will get busy with poison
gas. Germany will bide her time. look
ing to England for support. to Russia
for armaments.
More dangerous than all that will
be the resurgence of the revolutionary
spirit. The Communists will make an
alliance with all that pacifist senti-
ment which is strong in all countries
even in France; and using the cry
mo more war;" which is the rallying
motto Of millions of people of innocent
idealism, will rear up revolt against
the governments engaged in defensive
and aggressive policies.
The death OF the entente cordiale
will smash the peace of Europe by
liberating the old evils OF national
antagonism. by arranging new com
bination of hostile Powers.
There Is only one chance to escape
from all that. still cling to It as a
last hope. 1t Is the overthrow Of our
present statesmanship in Europe by
new leaders appointed by the people.
who will not suffer these things to
happen, and who will rise against
them with indignation, and who will
bring about new reign OF democratic
progress for which millions hoped not
long ago.
Copyright, ie2s by the Mcclure Newspaper
Syndicate.
The New York herald., 1922-08-27
districts with the business heart Of the
capital.
Large Areas Provided
For Display of Exhibits

"Avenida Rio Branco will really
unite the two sections Of the exposi-
ton grounds, while its extreme breadth
will greatly facilitate the handling OF
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

names that sound strange indeed on
the unaccustomed Slavic tongue.
The New York herald., 1922-08-27
Large Areas Provided
For Display of Exhibits

ut may be recalled that some years
ago when the authorities decided to
improve and modernize Rio de Janeiro
most ambitious plan of municipal
development was inaugurated. This
plan included the condemnation and
removal of nearly 500 small buildings
The New York herald., 1922-08-27

T>OR the third time within six
E teen years an American Sec
| retary of State is on his way
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1922-07-31
MOVIE CENSORSHIP.

The censorship Of motion picture films has again taken ITS place
in popular discussion viii IT, Hays, former postmaster general
the present head Motion Picture Producers association gives
as his positive conviction that freedom and the censorship OF pic
lures are contradictory and cannot be reonced The principle OF
freedom upon which this nation founded makes public
shin Of press pulpit film or spoken word virtually mpoSsb,
maintains Hays in the present state and national attempts
at censorship both the art itself and the public
morale
HAYS has done much improve the attitude OF the general pub
lie toward the movie industry and doubtless would have accom-
phed more had the Taylor murder and Fatty bucke enSa
ton broken out in Movieand with all their revolving details His
action taken in the Arbuckle matter added little the popu
idea that he would meet questions which have to do with the I'M
rroveen of moral conditions the right way His attitude is
backed up by public lecture given by at least OF the most
prominent producers to his people that if they continue
his employ their private lives well their work for the public
be decent.
believes that the pioneer period OF motion pictures
along with its eXraagances and yugare He believes that has
mission entertainment instruction and unfcaton of
the people which, being launched will aid in developing this
art into public instrument both pleasure and benefit which will
preclude its Objectionable beyond need any public
dictaon In other words he believes that little positive drec
OF the forces which operate in this art will obae negative
influences which he be degrading the photopay and
inimical to national ideals OF freedom.
The broad ground taken that the censorship OF the
be in the patrons of that form OF The class
who ask for pictures which percous in their influence wildly
and mprobay sensational the minority and there the gen
ea public which exercises local censorship which does express
itself negatively futile criticism and auocratc dcaon for
tain kinds of films but which expresses itself positively liberal
OF the best PICTURES winch III turn reacts before the public
and thus being directing force without breeding of
the mtagonisms which the autocrac tends develop
The managers of local theatres have always shown them
selves than willing bring up the standard OF pictures the
level Of the picture seeing public and that all that be demanded
To raise the public standard that the vulgar and i'm
probable pictures pail on the public taste way accomplish re-
suits aimed at in censorship Also VIII Hays ntmates,
courage the film producers develop their that it shall fulfill
legitimate purpose of entertainment instruction and ifyng Of
world peoples would be to free from its meretriciou values