Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1922-06-08
RULERS IN EXILE
Trouble Making Monarchs Who
3 Were "Set Down."
Case OF the Late Emperor OF Austria
and That Of the Great Napoleon
Similar.

Banishment of trOuble-making Tor
mer monarchs 10 islands of the sea
far from their one-time dominiOns Is
an uncommon procedure, but prece-
dent for the plight Of former Emperor
Chardes OF Austria-lIungary, who was
recently eXiled To Madeira, is found In
the Punishment of Napoleon !, who
passed six years ON ST. Helena in the
South Atlantic, 700 miles from the
nearest land, IA prisoner, more than Il
century ago.
ST. Helena is not only much small
er than Madeira, but, compared 10
the latter, is as "A devils island" to
paradise. Five-sixths of It's area Is de-
void of vegetation and, aside from an
army garrison, there are no big towns
or other evidences of life.
Madeira. five times the size Of ST.
Helena, is an ocean garden spot. Fun
chal, it's chief city, has population
of more than 10000, and the island,
one Of group of four owned by
Portugal produces some of the most
famous wine and laces in the world.
as well rs an abundance of fruits
grains ana sugar. oxen are mainly
used for agriculture instead of draft
horses. and other farming methods
are primitive. Less Than per cent of
the people can read and write.
The Portuguese military garrison is
very small, and Charles, Iita and
their six small children had every
of a ~
eroned ocean voyage. Napoleon was
guarded day and night by soldiers.
Madeira. the Portuguese word for
forest" is directly in the Atlantic
ocean trade routes. ST. Helena, Brit
ish naval coaling station, often doesn't
see ship for days Madeira is port
of call and thus is kept in daily touch
with the outside world. The island
400 miles west Of Morocco, has a
temperate climate II is - miles wide
and % miles long and elliptical In
shape. Three other islands nearby
complete the Madeira group. They are
Porto Santos. which, with Madeira.
have population of 10000, and the
Desertas and Selvagens, two smaller
islands Of volcanic origin. The latter
are unlnhabited rock formations jut-
ting out of the sea.
Napoleon's Punishment in 1914 was
no less bitter than Charles. The for
mer Empress Josephine had died and
his living conSort. Marie Louise, with
her son, the little prince of Rome,
had gone from FOntainbleau 10 Wen
ma following the emper0r'S abdica-
ton. Meanwhile the Allied powers had
coded 10 Napoleon the island Of Elha
in the Mediterranean, and there as a
sovereign" he might have passed the
rest of his life in peace and tranquil
lity. Eleven months of retirement,
however. sufIiccd 20 spur him to es-
cape and new adventures.
He had been brought to Elba
aboard the British walShip "naunt-
less" on April 20, with royal dignity
and consideration. ON the night Of
Feb PC, 1919, with 1000 followers he
slipped out of Porto Fcrrajo and then
began the famous zone Hundred
Days" I'm which he sought 10 regain
the throne Of France. He gathered
strength in men and guns as he
crossed the Alps and marched on
Paris. but his reign as a "constitution-
al monarch" was OF short duration.
Great Britain, Russia, Austria and
Prussia declared him an outlaw and
raised 10000 troops to crush him.
The lost battle of Waterloo the fol-
lowing June saw the end of his power.
The former emperor threw himself
upon the mercy of the British, failing
in an effort TO Zee 10 the United
States. He made overtures to Captain
Maitland Of the warship f'ellcrophon,
who took him to Plymouth, Eng
pending disposition of his case by the
Allied powers 1t was finally decided
10 send him to st. Helena and there
guarded by a strong British force, he
landed on October Il, 1915.
For six years ne lived in practical
solitude. writing his memoirs and
monographs on military campaigns
and political affairs, dying on May
3. 1921. Of career which had been
aggravated by deep periods Of hatred
and depression. The British General
Wilkes, the first governor of st
Helena, proved too lenient with Ma.
poleon and "toO amenable 10 his in.
fiuence," and. rs a result, was dis
placed some years before the Cor.
sican's death, by Sir Hudson Lowe.