davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07
The HQskin Letter
HOW MUCH DO YOU OWE?

Washington, d. c., Oct. 5.-If in
this generation in the United States
it was the law to imprison for debt,
about half of the American people
doubtless would be in Jail, for the
personal Indebtedness of the people
of this country probably is greater
than that of any nation in the world.
Personal indebtedness, as a matter
of course, is something new and quite
typically American. 1t is only in
modern times that it has been possible
for the rank and file of the people to
be constantly in debt and keep put of
trouble. In fact, only a little while ago,
and to this day in many countries, to
be in debt is to be in trouble.
American business has popularized
indebtedness and has made the owing
of money a matter of routine rather
than a badge of disgrace.
1t is estimated that the personal in
debtedness of the American people is
approximately $3.50 for each man,
woman and child in the nation. If you
| add to this the national debt, that is
each individuals share of the debt of
the federal government, the figure is
increased to 1854 per capita, or $780,
425, 623. 900 in the aggregate.
In all probability the figures which
it is at all possible to estimate fall
far below the actual sums owed by
Americans. So vast and intricate is
the network of American life that it
is out of the question to attempt any
exact statement
One or two groups are ascertain
able. For instance, the figures show
I 41-A r. ANa nnnnt0
owe to the banks of the country for
cash loans the huge sum of $27,-
666, S23, 900. This is about equal to
in fact a little In excess of-the ma
tional debt. OF this S10,977 $4,000 is
owed to the national banks and the
remaining S16,6S9,209,0 600 to state
banks. trust companies, mutual saw
ings banks and private banks.
A New Line Of Credit
The most difficult to estimate is the
group of debts of a personal character,
| and it is this group which has intro
duced personal Indebtedness in the
| United Sttaes on such a large scale.
This refers to the store credit, particu-
larly to the instalment plan OF store
credit by which the purchaser can OBJ
tain a commodity and have a long
period in which to pay for it.
1t was only in the last generation
that this sort of credit was prac-
tically unheard of. 1t is a usual thing
now for a housewife to enter a store,
make a purchase, ghbly say. charge
it." and go home secure in the knowl-
edge that, in all probability, the pur-
chase will be delivered before she her
self arrives home. Not long ago no
merchant would dream of such a trans
action unless the purchaser was a
friend or an old and highly valued
customer.
This works both ways, this increase
of confidence in retail trade. A house
wife goes into a store, makes a pur-
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07
THE TURKS AS

THE tone of the Turkish repre-
81 sentatives in negotiation with
the allies is distinctly dictational.
They speak with the voice of the
conquerer. France backs the Turk
and agrees with them and the other
allies. Great Britain and Italy
bluff and brag and retreat when
the Turk swings the whip and tells
them where to head in. 1t is q
most humiliatirg position for a
proud nation like the British to be
in. Yet it now looks as though
they would follow the d~ictation of
the Turks and yield to their de-
mands rather than fight and fight
alone. There is talk about saving
the entente. France has broken
away from it. Because the former
| allies take unanimous action in
tearing up the treaty of Sevres.
and calling the Turks back to Eu-
rope and Constantinople, it is no
sign of unity among the entente
nations. They are really at cross
purposes among themselves, but
all are ready to yield to the blus-
tering Turks. They do not ask, they
demand, and they get their demands
because none of the allies are will
ing to fight, and their choice is
limited to a choice between war
with the new Turkish army, and
giving the Kemalists all they want.
American newspapers are almost a
unit In saying that the Turks should
not be permitted to return to Eu-
rope. Turkish government has
blighted every land where their
government existed. Yet the Amer
lean press really has small right to
criticize, because we have refused
to take any part in European at
fairs. We are not willing to fight
to keep the Turks out of Europe,
and it hardly lies in our mouth to
criticize our late comrades for be-
ing unwilling to increase their war
tax burdens by driving the Turks,
perhaps assisted by the Red army
of Russia, out of Constantinople.
1t seems to the New York Even
ing Post that the allied note gives
Kemal virtually everything he
asks" 1t recalls when the allied
ministers issued on March II last
their Paris agreement for a Near
Eastern peace, they made a genuine
effort to fix upon just terms" but
"in every change made from the
Paris agreement Of last March, the
new offer is a step backward"
The Evening Posts argument runs
as follows:
Turkeys principal gain is that
the line in Thrace, instead of run
ming from Ganos to the Bulgarian
frontier in such wise as to leave
Adrianople, Bahia Eski, and Kirk
| Kilisse in Greek hands, will follow
the Martha river and give these
three towns, with the wide strip of
eastern Thrace containing them,
back to Turkey. The ethnic char
acter of eastern TMace is subject
to dispute because Of the intermix-
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07
Cut This Quit Is Worth Money

Cut out this slip, enclose with Sc and
mail it to Foley & Co. 2SS5 Sheffield
Ave, Chicago, H., writing your name
and address clearly. You win receive
in return a trial package containing
Foley;s Honey and Tar Compound for
coughs, colds and Group; Foley Kidney
Pills for pains in sides and back; rheu-
matism. backache, kidney and bladder
ailments; and Foley Cathartic Tablets,
a wholesome and thoroughly cleansing
cathartic for constipation, hiliousness,
headaches and sluggish bowels. Sold
eVerywhere.-Adv.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07
VIII Open Library
Meeting to Discuss
For Clifford Public

SptCldl W 1HS IlbuhC'
Clifford. Oct. Cat the last meet
ing of the Commercial club the question
Of opening a public library here was
under discussion, and 1t was decided to
open one for the reading public In the
old drug store building, the free use of
| which was donated by B. l.. Schwartz,
manager of the Gildford Mercantile
company.
+. G. Mundy, Nate Gillett and b.
G. Ogden were appointed to interest
the women of Clifford in the move
ment. There are several hundred in
teresting books in the library and an
effort will be made to obtain more.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07

We're going to need those locks we
put on our cellars to keep what coal
we have left.-New York Tribune.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07
New Plan Presented
To Butte Operators

Special to The Tribune.
Butte, Oct. 6.-The committee of
the new miners union met with the
operators here Thursday night and
submitted a plan in lieu of what was
suggested Mt the meeting held test
Tuesday night. The operators asked
for fnur DAYS to consider the oonsti-
t,tior and bylaws of the new organi-
zation and a joint meeting will be held
next Monday night.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07
FEDERAL LABOR BUREAU
CLOSED AT BAlNViLLE

Special to The Tribune.
B~urnville, Oct. CIV. B. Shoe
maker, who has maintained the local
federal employment agency for the
past two months, left for his home
at Glasgow last Tuesday. He will be
detained in Glasgow until October 20,
when be will proceed to Helena to take
a position in the office of the collector
of internal revenue
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07

ture of Greeks, Bulgars and Turks,
and the displacement and destruc-
ton of population by the Balkan
| and world wars. But there is no
doubt whatever that the three towns
named are predominantly Greek.
For the region as a whole Director
Isaiah Bowman of the American
Geographical Society states that
the population before 1912 number
ed 400, 900 Greeks, 100000 Turks,
and $4,000 Bulgars. Moreover,
there can be no doubt that Greek
government of mixed populations IS
preferable to government by Turk
ish nationalists, while the Greeks
have established an effective ad-
ministration.
Whereas the Paris agreement
prescribed the Standardization of
explicitly defined areas of generous
size on both sides of the Bosporus,
the new offer, in meekly vague
terms, suggests standardization of
certain zones to be fixed While
the Paris agreement provided for
continuance of the capitulatory re-
CINE protecting foreign economic
interests, the new offer nowhere
mentions capitulations. The Paris
agreement refused to allow the
Turks to introduce CONSUMPTION IN
Europe; the new offer leaves that
to the forthcoming conference. De-
tailed proposals were included with
the Paris agreement for the full
and adequate security of minor
tiles. but there is only a general
provision in the Allied note.
"In short, the document makes a
series of concessions that six
months ago would have been held
intolerable. What the little en-
tente will think of the grant OF a
long common boundary to Turkey
and Bulgaria, we can easily ina
CINE. What a legacy of bitterness
the settlement will leave in Greece
is equally evident. Great Britain
can hardly be blamed for refusing
to fight single-handed for a better
Thracian settlement, since the tree
dom of the straits is secured; but
France and Italy are to blame for
not supporting England firmly on
the terms the three so recently pro-
mulgated.
"The one bright element in the
settlement is the invocation OF the
league. I~nterallied control has la
mentally broken down, and would
break down again if re established.
With British shipping in the Med
iterranean nearly twice as great as
French and Italian shipping COM
bined, with the British navy easily
first. the British influence at the
Dardanelles has become so FREEDOM
inant that France would rather see
Turkey powerful again than let it
continue. But the issues of Near
Eastern war and peace should not
be subject to such International
rivalries, and the league can re-
move the control of the straits to
a sphere whre it will 40 longer
worry chancellories - the same
sphere as Danzig, now under league
control"
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07

There being no laws as yet to regu-
late b~roadcasting by radio, the expect
ed has happened. Some cruel persons
are sending out free verse.-Cincinnati
Enquirer.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-10-07

Mr.. Bryan has cut his hair. APP
parently, he didn't want to be mis-
taken for a flapper.-Asheville Times.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-09
GEORGE W. HILL

Fifty years Of service. a full half
esntury in which journalism had un-
dergone complete change Of form and
method, was rounded out today by
George W. Hill. who has been in the
employ of the PuMrc LEDGER since
May o, 1872. He will be seventy years
old in December.
Mr.. Hill was born at East Cain. Ches-
Ter County. Pa. December 4. 1852.
At the age of eighteen. ne began an
apprenticeship as compositor on the
Delaware Republican. Of Wilmington.
and two years later entered the en-
ploy of the PuKrrC LEDGER. lie was
day foreman cf he composin, room
from 1892 to 1901.
!. George ~. Childs was in control
when Mr.. Hill first joined the mpchani-
cal staff, and one of his most vivid
memories is that of Mr.. Childs escort
ing Mrs. Grover Cleveland about tn"
plant.
.'when she left he said. "she
end Mr.. Childs got into their carriage.
which was standing on Sixth street.
OF course, there were no automobiles
then. Mrs. Cleveland found that she
had left her fan in Mr.. Chids' Office.
and stout as he was. he jumped out OF
the carriage, ran into the building,
cot the fan. and ran back again
The changes which time has wrought
IN newspapers have been part of Mr..
Hnl's personal experience.
Everything about newspaper has
sehanged in the last fifty years he
aid. "Take the style of writing for
instance. 1t used to be much fancier.
and the commas--well, there used to
be commas stuck in almost between
every other word. Now you hardly
ever see a comma.
In those days every one used to go
J out and get his own story. and then
come in and write it out in longhand.
There were no typewriters and no tele-
phones to speak Of.
s'It used to be pretty hard or US
Fellows In the composing room " n w"
struck somebody with poor handy ing.
L. Clarke Davis, one of the ed rial
writer's, had one of the worst haI. :.
ever saw. 1t was almost Impossible to
read. Something like they say Horace
Greeley's used to be. The only thins 20
do was to set up what you thought no
had in mind and then let them correct it
In the proof"
The original reception given the lino-
type machine-the mechanical typr>"t-
ter-was frigid in the extreme.
'Old- time printers used 10 say that
they could never make machine TO
ct type" Mr.. Hill continued Il
guess the wish was father to the
thought. They were afraid it would
hurt their trade. They hated that ma
ehine at first. But. Of course. in the
end 1t did more for the trade than any
ether one thing.
."No wonder they couldn't get out six
er seven editions in one day at that
time. We used to set up the whole
paper by hand, and it took long time.
a good typesetter could set about n
thousand ems ar hour without hurrying.
.'The paper looked different, too, -
ssid Mr.. Hill. mo pictures, except
q stock cut here and there among the
& ads. And there was never any display
advertising. Upper-case agate was the
largest type used. No comics. no spe-
cials. nothing but straight news and
= editorials. with few ads
E Mr.. Hill has a wife, widowed son
and one grandchild.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-09
, Little Benny,s S
Notebook
BY Lee Pope

The Dawters of Cleopattera dident eat
al the cake ma made for the meeting
.yestidday aftirnoon so we had the rest
for suppir, Nora bringing it in and ma
saying to pop, Now Willyum, I par
3 sticulilly wunt you to try a slice of this.
~ never eat cake. some things | eat
ecrasionilly but cake never. sed pop,
But Willyum, l made this myself,
81 ma.
I'm sure it was very clever OF you
and all that sort Of thing, but when
man absolootly never eats cake wat can
y0u do with him? sed pop.
I'm sure ] wouldent try to force you
TO eat it, but ! think the leest you
could do would be to at leest take a
alice, at leest, sed ma.
Il but hang it all, | never eat cake. ]
ut doubt its a perfeckly good cake,
X ~ DELICIOUS, I'm sure. sed pop.
y # IL all rite to sit there and give me
opky compliments, but the proof OF
- compliment is in the eating, sed
( -, you're able to eat a slice of cake
Z o well as eny other man, you're not
b weakling
o let me have q slice for the love
Of harminny. sed pop. Wich ma th,
\ and pop took a small size bite, ma ST. =
+ ing. Well how does it taist?
Like a cake. sed pop, and ma Sc
y i that the best you can say about 1t q:
That's better than saying it taists like
3 H Gpunge or auto tire or a bar of
&youap or some other foreign substants,
% ~ pop, ] think its crate achieve
1ooE to do enything that people cant
II &ictake for something elts.
Wtllyum, you've gone and insulted
Z ~ cake and I wouldent be serprized
IL ~ jntire dizzert was spoiled. ! don't
y y lct to even enjoy my coffee. .sed
u ma pop sed, o come on, / dident
onythlng persinal, jest to prove
no hard feelings Ill eat 2 hole
5and take anybody to the movies
The New York herald., 1922-01-27
PHONE WAITING LIST
TO GET SERVICE SOON
Accountant Says Considerable
Improvement Will Be Noted.

The New York Telephone Company
expects soon TO improve its service con-
siderabiy and virtually to eliminate the
waiting list by rapid installation OF
Telephones. according to the testimony
YESTERDAY of II. A. Trax. chief account
ant of the company. at tho Public Ser
vice Commission's s s.investigation to find
basis for Statewide rates.
The Information was elcited by ef-
forts TO learn in what extensions of
plant and service and betterment' were
invested s5S,5o0,oQo borrowed last year
from the American Telephone and Tele-
graph Company. which owns the New
York Telephone Company.
IT was stated that the money had
been borrowed at per cent. from the
parent company when tho money mar
ket rate was or per cent. It was
shown also that the American Tele-
phone Company owns securities amount
ing to S1is.S4s.o7S In other compa nies
controlled by the American Telephone
and Telesraph Company.
The New York herald., 1922-01-27
HIGH OFFICERS DENY
HANGINGS IN ARMY
Ex- -Brigadier- General and Col
onel Testify at Senate
Inquiry.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 26.-The Senate
committee Investigating charges that
American soldiers were hanged without
trial In France probably will wind UP
its work next week.
After hearing eighteen witnesses to-
day. none of whom testified directly in
support Of the charges, the committee
adjourned until next Wednesday, at
which time twelve witnesses will be ex-
amined. In the event no others are
found meanwhile the hearing will be
closed, and Chairman Brandegee indi-
Gated an early report would be pre-
sented.
The hearing to-day covered a broad
field. Ivy Henderson Of Chester, S. c.,
who served overseas as orderly for Col.
r. G. Langdon. declared In a letter pre-
sented by a lawyer that Col. Paul Ma
lone, brigadier general in France, had
shot and killed soldier because he
could not keep UP with his command,
and that Col. Langdon. who, he said,
was witness, reported the shooting.
Col. Langdon, who was testifying
when the letter was read, asserted that
he never heard Of an officer shooting a
private and expressed the opinion that
Henderson was not very bright" and
that because Of his mental condition
that 1t did not actually happen. He
denied all knowledge Of the alleged
shooting.
Andrew Chelune of Elnlhurst, n. Y,
recently mentioned by Herbert L. Caden-
head of Greenville, Miss, as a soldier
who could testify as to his charge that
.en or twelve men were hanged at Is
sUr-Tille. declared he only heard of two
executions at that place. Chelune in
sisted II Cadenhead saw that many he
Lept the fact to himself while In France.
The two hangings at Is-sur-Tille
brought out big crowd. which hocked
after the trap had been sprung to the
canteen. according to Mrs. Mary Ellen
Furbish Of Memphis. Tenn, a welfare
worker. who declared soldiers and
French civilians raced for all the
vantage points, including trees. to wit
ness the spectacle.
Describing "the rough conduct of
some officers, Leslie w. Martin OF NAL
den. Mass, told how an officer had pun
ished two of his men ord cred to paint
his room because they had used yellow
paint, which was the only color avail
able. Asked by Chairman Brandegee
IL the officer had punished them be-
cause they had failed to use red paint"
Martin said he seemed to want any
color except that with which his quar-
ters We're frightened UP.
Col. Sample Of Knoxville. Tenn. who
served as a Brigadier-General in charge
OF the advance section. Service of Sup
ply testified In the area under his super
vision there were four hangings He
knew of no others and declared he never
heard OF a lynching or the shooting
OF an enlisted man by an officer.
COLUMBUS. Ca. Jan. 26.--"Absolutely
false" was Col Paul Il. Malone's char
acterization Of the charges of shooting
soldier under his command during a
march in France because the man could
not keep up.
The New York herald., 1922-01-27
CITY LOSING MILLIONS
ON PIERS, SAYS BROWN
Senator Deplorss Fact That
NeU York IL Busted

New York city is losing millions OF
dollars year in Inismanagement of her
piers, according to Senator Elon r.
Brown, counsel for the Meyer Committee.
who spoke yesterday before the Brook
lyn Real Estate Board. He thought the
last election indicated that no one in
New York was seriously interested in
saving SO, 100000 or $4,000. 900 a year.
1T became my duty last summer to
examine Mayor Hylan." he said. "The
Mayor told me that he could not have
the salary Of any city employees reduced
and that he could not get along with
less men. II the head of another cor
poration that spent $1,000. 900 a day had
said that .he could not rctrenct he would
not have lasted week.
New York needs marginal rail-
foad. but in plain and simple terms. you
ARE busted"
The New York herald., 1922-01-27
INDIAN TAX PUT UP
TO SHIPPING BOARD
British Impost Inquiry Is Re-
ferred by Moore & Nc
COrmack.

negotiations between the United
States shipping board ana the Govern
ment of British India on the matter of
enforcement Of the Indian income tax
appeared an early probability yesterday.
A request from the collector Of income
tax at Calcutta to the agents Of the
Commercial India Line for information
on which tho tax could be based was
referred by Moore & Mccormack. who
operate the line. to the Shipping Board
as owner Of the vessels.
The Indian tax is said to be the only
one of its sort existing in the world. il
amounts to an impost running up to 10
or 20 per cent. on the gross receipts
from freight and passenger business out
of Indian ports. 1t was passed In 1913.
when 1t was termed a weapon to force
the curtailment OF the Japanese services.
which had captured practically all OF
the business in Indian trade during the
war. when British ships were busy else
where.
At the urgent request Of foreign ship
ping companies. temporary exemption
from the tax was granted. Word came
recently that the exemption had been
removed. American companies which
will be hit by the tax, besides Moore &
Mccormack, are the Kerr Steamship
Company and the Pacific Mail Steam
ship Company. The reason for the tax
is the desire Of the Government ito get
In as much money as 1t cam" according
to letter from the agents of the Com
mercial India Line.
u. ]. Mccormack. discussing the qucs-
tion yesterday, pointed out the great
difficulty that would be experienced In
arriving at the precise sums earned on
indian business where a ship has to
touch at several other points In the Far
East Furthermore. the data asked by
the tax collector includes information
regarding freight rates and other. mat
ters jealously guarded by shipping COM
panies. Two Of tho provisions of the
law demand information as follows:
Copies Of the accounts Of the concern
as whole (balance sheet, profit and
loss account and revenue accounO,
showing clearly the manner In which
the profits have been arrived at. Full
details must be submitted, these details
being certified as correct by some re-
sponsible British authority. In every
case copies of the published accounts
Cf any) must be submitted.
"A statement of total freights and
passage moneys earned and a statement
of Indian freights and passage moneys
earned. these statements to be supported
by the certificates of some recognized
certifying authority