davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
The Fascist in Northern Italy.

Italian politicians a year ago ex.
pressed the opinion that the Fascista
movement would soon die out, in
fact, that 1t would exist scarcely
longer than the assembling of the
Parliament. II this was an honest
expression of belief they entirely un-
derestimated the vitality of the
movement, for the Fascist are mani
Testing as much strength now as they
did before the general elections OF
1921 and are proving as difficult for
the Government to handle as ever,
and even seem to have set up a gov
srnment within the Government. In
the main their fight is in keeping
with the purpose OF their organiza-
tion to combat radicalism with Ital-
ian nationalism. The difference is
they are not fighting a Bolshevist
propaganda from Moscow but COM
inunism and extreme socialism among
their own countrymen.
The hostilities are confined largely
to the industrial centers of northern
italy. There has been little trouble
In southern Italy or Sicily. Riots
have followed clashes in Genoa,
Spezia. Trieste and Rome. In Fer
rara the Fascist crushed syndical-
list uprising at It's beginning by tax.
ing control Of the town. They have
evidently adopted much the same tao.
tics at Bologna, the headquarters Of
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
FRIDAY. JUND 2. 1922.
Senator Met cCumber's Democratic
Shock Troops.

Senator McCUMBER, chairman OF the
Republican Finance Committee of the
United States Senate, is coming to
rely upon Democratic help to jam all
his obnoxious measures through.
He had to call on Democratic mem
hers Wednesday afternoon to report
out his five billion dollar bonus bill
against the opposition of members
of his own party. Without the Demo-
Gratis he would have failed.
Again on Wednesday evening Demo
cratic Senators had to be rushed to
the rescue of Chairman McCUMBER's
tariff schedule on electric light bulbs
and other Illuminating glassware. for
again without these Democratic shock
troops he would have failed.
McCUMBER has insisted that his 20
per cent. ad valorem duty on such
articles must stand, no matter what
,he country thinks about 1t and no
matter what his party in Congress
thinks about it. When an amend
ment was offered to substitute 40
per cent. rate, however, McCUMBER
was able to defeat the proposed
change by only one vote-31 to 30.
But at that he had to include in his
81 votes the two Democratic Senators
from Louisiana.
When Republican leadership In
Congress is compelled to call in
Democratic help to bludgeon its self
determined legislative measures
through solid ranks of resisting Re-
publican members, either the Demo
cratic shock troop reinforcements
are by way of getting strangle hold
on the majority party or the whole
Republican legislative program is in
danger of going by the board.
The Fordneys and the McCumbers
may be so bent upon having their
own way in Congress for their own
selfish ends that they will not stop
short even of party wrecking to ac-
complish their will. But if they do
persist. cost what 1t may, in going
on with their high handed work and
ore able to get away with it, thanks
to the Democratic votes that are
willing enough to help put the party
in hole, until the administrative
program in Congress goes down with
the rest, the wrecking is not going
to stop at the Capitol doors. 1t is
going to spread out into the high
ways and byways where the Ameri-
tan people will have to take hand
at the polls to decide whether the
Harding business program of econ
cmy and lower taxes shall be sacri-
feed to politician statesmen or
whether the voters shall get rid Of
the politician statesmen.
Who can doubt the result of such
an issue?
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Tomato Weeyil Appears.
Warning From Mississippi Of New
Pest to Worry Farmers.

To THE New YORK HERALD: Growers
Of tomatoes, both market gardeners and
home gardeners. should watch their
plants carefully on account of the ap-
pearance here In Stone county. Missis-
sippi. OF q pest which has been pro-
nounced Identical with the tomato
weevil Of Australia. Vigilance at this
time may prevent the spread Of the
weevil. which also attacks potatoes and
turnips.
This weevil is one OF the 'rnenaces to
crops which have been brought from
foreign countries despite the precau-
tions OF quarantine. AS soon as Its
presence in Stone county was discov-
cred the Federal Bureau of Entomology
inaugurated. in cooperation with the
State authorities, measures to prevent
It's spread to other parts of the coun-
try. 1t is difficult to combat. as the
larvae feed by night and are under
ground during the day.
Extra precautions should be taken to
confine this tomato weevil to the area
already infected. for the farmer these
days has ample troubles without fresh
importations to make the task of win
ming a living 1m the soil more diff
cult Of ACCOM- shment. f.
WIGoINs, Miss. May 20.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
The Hungarian Election.

Contrary to the general forecast of
the Hungarian political situation. the
election on Sunday passed off quietly
and without serious trouble between
the rival factions. This may be due
to the precautions taken by Admiral
HoRTHY, who declared that he had
not enough police and soldiers to
insure order II all of Hungary voted
on the same day. More than half the
districts voted last Sunday; the
others will hold their election next
Sunday. The results so far are over
whelmingly in favor of the present
Government.
Hungary considers the present elec-
tion one of the most important in her
modern history. It's object is to choose
a National Assembly, which is to sue
ceed the Constituent Assembly that
came into existence after the world
war for the purpose of drawing up a
constitution for Hungary. The Con-
seituent Assembly failed to complete
its work, and the task will be taken
up by the new National Assembly.
Naturally, the important matter
for the constitution makers to de.
eide is, Shall Hungary be a republic
or a limited monarchy? II the choice
is in favor Of monarchy. shall the
house of Hapsburg be perpetuated
by the selection of young CTTo as
a successor to CHARLES, or shall
king be chosen from some other
house and new dynasty be set up?
The difficulty of deciding these ques-
tions will be apparent when II Is
remembered that the Constituent AS.
sembly struggled vainly with them
for almost two years.
While the Government will un.
doubtedly be the winner in the elec-
tion, 1t is not yet clear what use
Premier BETHLEN can make Of his
victory. The Government party is
strange combination of so-called
republicans, liberals, reactionaries Of
all degrees and agrarians. BErHLES's
hope Of handling this tumble of
interests lies in the fact that the
opposition is made up of an equally
strange mixture of factions and that
there is less reason to believe they
will hold together in a crisis than
that the Government forces will con-
tinue to present a solid front.
The head and front of the opposi.
tion are the monarchists, who favor
the selection of Orro as the heir TO
the throne. The leader is APPoNYI,
one of the nblest of Hungary's poll.
ticiana In the last days Of the old
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Beauties of the Elm.

The planting of shade trees Of
quick growing varieties is not wise
If an improvement of a permanent
character Is desired. It is better to
choose trees of slower growth and
sturdier nature like the elm and the
oak, which acquire greater dignity
and beauty with the passage Of years
than any of the softer woods. par
ticularly the poplar. which is likely
to be In its decline when the elm Is
coming into its greatest glory.
New England and New York have
communities in which the elm shaded
streets have a cathedral-hke effect
and provide exactly the setting
needed for the white frame houses.
New Haven Is remembered by visi-
tors for the size and beauty of its
elms. The same is true of Quincy
and Springfield In Massachusetts,
while among Saratoga's greatest glo-
ries are its avenues Of elms which
furnish a grateful shade in the warm
est summer days.
Elms are among the finest of all
trees, and while they are not as i'm
mune from insect pests as some other
trees, their stately and picturesque
presence makes their care worth
while.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Cwendolyn Thomas's Fortune.

OF course gambling is forbi lden in
England, but everybody has bet
On the Derby and those who do not
lay wager with the bookmakers
play the sweepstakes. OF these the
Calcutta Sweep is the largest. The
tickets of this lottery are bought by
Englishmen all over the world, for
the SON of the Empire who may be
in India or Australia dreams of a
sudden fortune and triumphal re-
turn home. This year the hopes of
The exiles were vain. The Calcutta
went to Miss GwENDoLYN THOMAS, a
clerk in an insurance office in Liver
Tool, which is about the most un-
romantic spot in the Empire. How
ever, Gwendolyn is romantic name
and so is the name Of the Derby
winner, Captain Cutie.
Although Miss THOMAS sold half
her ticket before the race her win
rings amount to S293,000. Even
when the income tax collectors finish
their job she will have about s175,-
COO left. To step from the small
wages of Liverpool insurance clerk
into an income OF perhaps $4,000 a
year Is like walking into a wonderful
dream, and particularly so for a
woman.
A man figures a new fortune
in terms of money, but woman
reckons in terms Of things-houses,
furniture, clothes and caramels. A
woman in England who has $4,000 a
year. or even what Is left Of 1t after
the taxes are extracted. can get more
for II than the same income would
buy hero. Why, for $500 year. &C.
cording to an advertisement in the
London Times. may be had Devon.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
ORGANIZATIONS UNITE
TO END CHILD LABOR
Gorpers Heads Body Asking
/ Change in Constitution.

WASHINGTON, June IA permanent
organization to work for absolute abo-
lition of child labor in the United States"
was formed here to-day by representa-
tives Of national associations called into
conference by Samuel Gompers. presi-
dent Of the American Federation OF
Labor. The United States Supreme
Court recently held that special excise
taxes on the product Of minor labor
were invalid.
Spokesman for the new organization
appeared before the House Judiciary
Committee to urge legislation prohibit
ing or regulating employment Of children
in mines, factories and similar arduous
occupations. Representative Chandler
IN. W, Republican. said he and other
members OF the committee believed the
Supreme Courts ruling had made it
impossible to accomplish anything by
legislative regulation unless and until
constitutional amendment had been
adopted.
The organization formed to-day Will
be known as "the permanent conference
for the abolition of child labor" Mr..
Gompers accepted the post Of permanent
chairman.
A committee of ten was appointed 20
draft constitutional amendment and
''the best form of law" to meet the
situation.
Mr.. Gompers said congressman were
"engrossed In matters which they
deemed of more consequence In the stern
business of getting reelected"
Among those who met with Mr..
Gompers were DR.. Il. o. Watson OF the
Federal Council Of Churches, Mrs. Flor
ence Kelley. general secretary of the
National Consumers League, and Ma
tide Lindsay, representing the National
Women's Trade Union League.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
EVENTS TO-DAY.

Conference on the Mexican financial situa-
tion, Chamber of Commerce. 10:30 A. NJ.
Eastern States League. meeting and
breakfast. Hotel Commodore, 8 A. NJ
Wall Paper Manufacturers Association.
meeting. Waldorf-Astoria. 10 A. NJ.
Twenty-seventh Division, reunion. Seventh
Regiment Armory. review by Gen. Pershing
p. M. business session, 4 L. M; enter
tainment. i. M.
School OF the Theater. awarding of the
Mrs. Willard Straight scholarship. 57i Lex
irgton avenue, 3 p. NJ.
Public Service Commission, rate and SER
vice hearing on the New York and Rich
mond Gas Company, 60 Church street. $3.50
T.. NJ
Conference on coal miners wages between
union and operators representatives, Union
League Club. afternoon.
Century Theater Club, meeting. Hotel
Commodore. 80 +. NJ.
Brooklyn Heights Seminary. seventy-frrt
commencement exercises, Heights Casino.
Brooklyn. , 80 +. NJ.
Miss Frieda Frommel. lecture, .'Chopin
The Pole and His Music" International In
stitute OF the y w; g; A., i21 East Twenty
first street, S:i5 II. NJ.
Society OF american Maglcians, annual
congress. Hotel McAlpin, 7;55 T. M.
New York University. commencement ox-
orcises, alumni dinners and reunions at
fraternity houses, $3.50 r. NJ; twentieth an
niveryary dinner OF the Class OF '02. Arts
and Engineering, Faculty Club, $3.50 r. NJ:
Commerce day and night seniors meeting
Judson Memorial Church. 40 =. M; alum
nj smoker. Violet Hut, University Heights,
SP. NJ.
Barnard College, Columbia University,
senior play, Brinckerhoff Theatcr, 8 p. NJ.
Teachers College. Columbia University,
senior ball. waldorf-Astoria. o p. NJ.
New York Training School for Teachers.
dance, Hotel Commodore, $50 r. M.
Niehtschool of Art, sixty-thlrd annual re-
ception, Cooper Union, r. M.
Night School OF Art. sixty-third annual re-
Pennsylvania, +. M.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Play, Without Profanity.
A Desirable Stage Reform Pointed
SS Out to ActOr-Managers.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: One re-
form which can be introduced by the
actors who are to have their own the
ater is to leave out all profanity and
expletives that would not be allowed in
the actors own homes. Let them teach
the managers stage manners.
The Equity closed shop idea is un-
American. but a union against swear
words would be public boon. Let its
friends say what they will about art,
the lauded Theater Guild has not pro-
duced one cheerful play nor lessened
the profanity prevalent in recent years
In nearly all plays.
II the actors Will start a crusade
against all bad language on the stage
it may result in lessening an evil which
is worse to-day than in the time OF
Dryden and Congreve. Jeremy Collier
combated the abuse successfully. The
press could do the same thing to-day II
once started. and abate the nuisance as
Collier did more than 200 years ago.
Less Russian gloom, less swearing and
more sunshine is what the theater needs
just now
Profanity does not add a bit to the
atrical effect; nor In the end produce
any more OF the coveted laughs dear to
the actors heart. As to vraisemblance,
since cussin' as It is actually cussed
can never be voiced on the boards with
out arrest. why bother with 1t at all?
HERBERT S. RENroN.
NEW ROCHELLE, June I.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Measles in New York.
This Disease Is an Important Factor
in the Higher Death Rate.

From Weekly Bulletin OF the Department
Of Health. s
There were 1,415 deaths reported dur
ing the week closed May 20, 1922. and
a rate of 1884 per 1000 Of the popula-
tion. as compared with 1915 deaths and
q rate of 11.02. an increase In the abso-
Lutte number of deaths Of 200 and IN
the relative number of deaths Of ISL.
The most important factor In this
Increased mortality was the extraordi-
narily high weekly mortality from
measles, there having been SIS deaths
recorded from this cause, as compared
with in the corresponding week OF
1921, an increase Of 81 deaths. In
connection with this Increased NOR
tality from measles we find that the
acute respiratory diseases also showed
an exceedingly high increased mortality.
there having been 1877 deaths recorded
from pneumonia, as compared with llS
deaths an increase OF 79. Whooping
cough also showed a considerable In
crease, there having been IL deaths
reported from this cause. as compared
with 3, these IL deaths representing
an increase of deaths over the imme-
olaleJy preceding week. There were 8
deaths reported from encephalitis leth-
argica, as compared with 2; 25 deaths
from diphtheria, as compared with 20
diarrheal diseases showed an increase
OF deaths: cancer an. increase OF I'll
deaths; organic heart and kidney dis
eases an increase of deaths; pulmo-
nary tuberculosis an increase OF s deaths
and other tuberculous diseases an in
crease of II deaths. Violence showed
an increase OF deaths. The few causes
that showed decreased mortality were
scarlet fever. a decrease OF deaths
influenza. a decrease of deaths; bron-
chitis, a decrease of deaths and dis
eases of the nervous system. decrease
of IL deaths.
There were 1913 deaths reported Of In
fants under one year of age, as COM
pared with 1856, an increase OF 43; be-
tween one and two years OF age there
were 1OS deaths reported. as compared
with 35, an Increase of 73; between
two and Ave years of age there were
7e deaths reported. as compared with
IL, an Increase OF So; between twenty
fve ana forty-nve years OF ase ehc'c
were 24O deaths reported. as compared
with 206, an increase Of 81; between
forty-five and sixty-hve there were 3sS
deaths reported. as compared with 3l2,
an Increase Of 46; at five to fifteen years
of age there were Sc deaths reported,
ar compared with Sc, decrease of 10;
between fifteen and twenty-five there
were 50 deaths reported. as compared
with SO, a decrease OF 3; at sixty-hvc
years Of age and over there we're 200
deaths reported. as compared with 3os,
decrease OF IS, leaving fiat increase
of 200 from all causes at all ages
During the first twenty weeks Of the
year the death rate was 14.52 per, 1000
OF the population. as compared with
1873, an increase Of lie points.
From January 1 to Saturday, May
30. 81 infants under one year OF age
died out Of every 1000 born, as COM
pared with 7s deaths at this age group
In the corresponding period OF 1921, an
increase OF IL per 1000 birtha
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Pictures of Royalty Defended.

To THE New YORK HERALD: The let
ter from I'D. w." In which he processes
apprehension regarding the display of
royal faces and protests against the
publication in American papers of the
pictures of foreign royalties and noble
men unless accompanied by some insult
ing editorial article, should not be al
lowed to go unchallenged.
Fortunately for the peace of the
world in general such views are not
shared by the average man and can
cnly be entertained by that narrow
minded type of human which is the
bane and thorn in the flesh of all really
true and intelligent Americans.
I'D. W." suspects propaganda! 1t
would be interesting. II only out of
curiosity, to learn what are I'd. WIS"
wishes and his ideas Of propaganda.
ID. G. ARMSTRONG.
NEW YORK, June 1.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02

strong socialistic organization. They
forced the resignation Of socialist
and communist Mayors of surround
ing towns and the flight of MAssA-
REMIT, the communist leader of the
Bologna district, from the communist
stronghold of Molinolla. They have
under their command, according to
Rome report, well drilled military
force of about $4,000 men.
The peculiar feature Of this armed
occupation is referred to in the state
ment that the Fascist were vel
coined at Bologna "by the city popu-
lation with the flying Of flags and
great enthusiasm" In estimating
the character of the Fascista move.
ment it must be remembered that
it is a reaction against the socialist
rule of violence to which this same
district was subjected during the
world war and following the armistice.
General strikes, called mostly for po-
litical purposes, repeatedly paralyzed
the postal, telegraph and telephone
services. Railway trains and tram
ways were stopped whenever the
fancy struck the strike leaders, and
cities and whole districts were
plunged into darkness by calling out
electricians and other employees on
the smallest provocation.
A veritable dictatorship was estab-
lished in communities where social
lists were in control. Boycott was
enforced against all those who would
not accept the conditions laid down
by the socialist leagues. This meas
ure was so severe that boycotted
man could not live in his own coun-
try.
This was the condition which Italys
soldiers found on their return from
the world war. 1t was this state Of
affairs which led them to organize the
Fasci and which gave to the organ
ization its rapid growth and national
character. The Fascist have no fixed
political opinion, except an openly
averred hatred Of socialism. There
seems little danger to Italy in their
movement so long as they succeed in
holding their own extremist elements
TO a course of moderation and to
sheir original patriotic designs.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Too Many Things to Join.
Louis Insists That What Artists Need
Is n Cafe.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: OF new
art societies springing up in our me.rop-
oils there rs no end. How many latest
societies are being formed no one can
say .rzh l4 -oa cEz
Looked at from an art point of view
these mushroom societies are not of any
art value nor help the art fraternity
IT, produce more masterful paintings or
sculptures than before.
In fact, they tend to disrupt union
among artists. Artists are of one great
family, namely, Art.
All the different names the various
societies use, such as league. alliance.
painters. etchers. &C., are simply silly.
They invite Jealousy, a spirit of cliquism
and aloofness among the members of
the separate societies.
Just last week I visited an artist.
Imagine my surprise when he asked me
to join new society of his. Matched a
week ago. had to refuse, as already
was a member of three others.
OF course annual dues are always
demanded. However, nothing of special
advantage is stated In the prospectus.
AFTER the dues are paid the members
are just as poorly off ss before they
sent their checks.
OF what good are the three societies
Joined? Practically nil. l am unac-
quainted with any of the members. Dur
ing three years time not one of them
ever came to see me. The societies have
no rooms as a social rendezvous
Now. what artists need are small
cafes distributed about the art quarters
OF the city. There artists can sit at
leisure; confab with each other. see
new faces and get posted concerning
art matters. Dues can be stipulated.
The cafes named Artists Retreat.
This Is better than a club.
Louis NJ. EILsHEMrus.
New YORK, June /.
The New York herald., 1922-06-02
Thomas Hardy Is 81.

The novelist who put man in his
place is SO years old to-day. THOMAS
HARDY was born on June 2, 1S40, two
years after the young Queen VICTORIA
was crowned. WELLINGTON was still
alive and DIsRAELI was very young
politician. Mr.. HARDY was famous
fifty years ago. He continues, as a
poet, to invite criticism and gather
laurels.
It would be good thing II Mr..
HARDY, before he enters the sere and
yellow, would return to novel writing.
He has not published a novel in
twenty-five years. We know from his
poems that he is still full of that
magnificent gloom which colors his
masterpieces and that his view of the
cosmos has not changed. Man is still
a shrimp; Nature, whale.
A little while ago Frederic HAR,
krsoN, who is 81, scolded young Mr.
HARDY for being so sad in his poems.
This was unfair. jeremiah cannot
become Pollyanna at fourscore. The
Bitterness which tinctures HARDY's
writings is sweet to his followers,
Besides, consider the reaction on all
readers. Nobody, after reading a
Hardy tragedy, can be very despon.
dent over his own woes.
II THOMAS HARDY would write an.
other novel the world would wish 1t
to be like the old ones; like "The
Return of the Native" and Ear
From the Madding Crowd" They
were and are and will be good medi.
cine. They show mankind what a
little thing 1t is in the presence Of
the universe. The most conceited
man in the world could not read the
first chapter of "The Return Of the
Native" without shrinking.
But Mr.. HARDY, we fear, will stick
to his verse. Maybe he is right
Maybe in A. D. 2422 people will say
that "The Dynasts" is better than
the description Of Egdon Heath. We
file an exception now. e