davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
Clay Farmer Badly 4.
Injured By Bull

Barnesville, MINI, Dec. 13.-Ches-
ter Mo1l narrowly escaped death Mon,
day, when an ugly bull which he was
trying to force 4odt sof, a cattle car at;
the local stockyards, gored him.
The bull, 4 large Holstein purebred.
tossed him to the roof Of the car and
xored him thrAe times before he es-
capped. The clothes j were torn from
his body in .shredsi He'is confined to
his home here. under attention Of :
phyeician. Es n. as ss ss4yl 4i3s;
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
ILLINOIS VOTES 4.
AGAINST CHANGE
In CONSTITUTION
Q. f-sk .., 'r. OF, -,
(By The Associated Press.)

Chicago. Dec. 13.-Illinois voters
yesterday decided to get along under
the 62 fears old constitution which
now serves the state and rejected. by
an overwhelming majority. the pro-
posed new basic law, prepared by the
elected In 1919.
With a74 out. Of 1856 precincts
missing, the majority has reached
sSs,207 and apparently the final re-
suit will show the constitution was
defeated by more than $4,000 votes.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
Harding Asked 70
Seek Change In
Naval A reenent
NAVY BUDGET ......
IS DECREASED &
HALF MILLION

Sum Of $685., ,S0o, ,6sS Asked; Enlisted
Personnel Of $4,000 Mem
Urged.
Washington. Dec. ls.-An en-. J
listed personnel during the 6Scal
year beginning next July I OF
$1,000, the same - at present,
Is provided !, for In tho navy
budget, carrying q total OF 93eS,-
SOC, ,5SS, or approximately half
million dollars less than last
year, reported to the house to-
day. *.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
N. D. man GOES
BEFORE SENATE
BODY TODAY
John Fray Tells of Needs Of
Farmers In This State
at Hearing.
Urges Fixing Prices On
Farm Products for Two
or Three Years.

Washington. Dec. 13.-sent to
Washington by contributions Of
fifty cents to dollar, from farmers
and business men Of central North
Dakota, John Fray. a. German
farmer Of Turtle Lake, N. D., de-
tailed to the senate agriculture
committee today the plight Of
farmers Of his section.
Fray told how he had given up
his real estate business and gone
to flaming three years ago only to
como to the conclusion that the
average farmer in. North Dakota
has little hope Of making q living.
we are going to give UP our
farms unless we can get some
help" he said. From fifty to sew
enty-five per. cent Of US are up
against it. None of our boys are
year. They say It ID hopeless"
Ta1ee Unpaid,
rhe wisnss. i 1sl 4 sstsss,ssss ,s Il sta4s
unpaid for thsaN ysaI farfnlS 4
hia section, and sosiss az lsals prscsis 10
Ceived during HHs last eFn
products lesss them doit4rsa h sb1ihl
for wheat; H.
seven ana a EhalXs6N41 Astnpnhdf 10
chickens. He told ot!4 ytf1e heavy NOR
cages burdening most of the farm
and added. .t
II about the only thing we have LEI
Vnencumbered are energy and on
wives and children. The last name,
might have been taken from US IL tn
free love- bill they were talking abou
in our state had become law, but
didn't. ~ s.,,st,. 81. 4. /.
"what we need is some assuranc
for two or three years. The govern
ment can give US that by fixing price
for our products which will enable u
merely to pay our debts and star
even again." #
Chairman Norris announced at tn
conclusion Of the hearing that h
hoped to conclude tomorrow the tax
ing Of testimony on the Norris bill t
create governmert-capital cor
poration to buy and sell farm prod
ucts. He indicated that he would see
immediate committee action on tn
measure and to have It reporte
as the first Of the various rural creul
measures under consideration by sen
ate committees. t
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
(smet Determined That Inter-
national Regulation OF
Minorities In Turkey Will
Not Be Tolerated; De-
clares Greeks And Ar.
menians Have Put Selves
In Position OF Aggressors
and Have Brought Trouble
For Themselves.

Lausanne, Dec. 13.-(By the
Associated Press.)-Turkey re-
fuseds at today's session of the
Near East conference to assign
any special part of Turkey as q
national home for the ArmeniaIls.
1smet Pasha declared this would
mean a new attempt to dismem-
ber Turkey.
Ismet Pasha was irreconcilable
on other points concerning the
treatment Of minorities in Turkey.
Besides declaring Turkey would
not set aside ali inch OF Turkish
soil for an Armenian national
home, he said she would not &C.
ccpt tho regulation OF rights or
minorities by an International
commission in Constantinople or
elsewhere.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
P0sr.N ELECT.

4 + van Hook, N. Id, Dec II IA
luncheon and social hour will II be
features Of ithe annual election. of of.
the American Legion, here Friday
evening. The present memb mbership sofi
the post is 54: hi III q
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
>(By The Associated Press.)

IDy Tie ASSCCINteD IreS9.
Toxic. Dec. 13.-Hirclito, the
prince regent, is seriously i'll with
measles. At noon today his tempera-
ture was 4o.5 centgrade. his pulse
108
!. This evening. however, the Asso-
ciated Press was informed that Prince
Hirchito's illness was following the
usual course of measles and that there
were no complications. The prince
regent Is '21 years old.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
CURzON WARNS IssiET.

Lord CurzOn warned Jsnset
that there would be no sympathy
anywhere in the world for
Turkey II the conference broke
down on the question Of the
treatment of nlinoritics.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13
MANY KILLED
In. EXPLOSION
IN SUGAR Mill
Death Toll In Blast In Cuba Gu,
May Pass the 80 Mark;
Many Injured.

Havana, Dec. 1s.-(By the AS
sociated Prese.) .)-Deatfs from
the boiler 4. explosion which
wrecked the Estrella Sugar Cen.
tral at Cespedes, Camaguey prov
ince, yesterday may exceed 50,
according to press reports re-
/ cciyed here today from Cama-
euey and Cespedes and omcial
/ reports to the department OF
government. The condition OF
half OF the 20 seriously injured
+ who were rushel 70 Oamasuey
last night on q special train 10
said to be critical, and two .Of
them already have died. With
: the fifteen bodies already re.
covered the known dead total
II and more than q doCen are
. believed still to be covered by
+ the smoking debris: The total
number Of dead and injured 10
estimated at eighty. ,i,
u Camaguey, Cuba Dec. l8.-Searc
was continued today in the ruins (
he Estrella Sugar Central. wrecke
yesterday by a boiler explosion, y
liz bodies believed still 70 be beneat
he wreckage from which 4 dsad ar A.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-12-13

tcontinusd on Page a.:
The labor world., 1922-03-18

Is WASHINGTON, March 11.-The
products of American workers can
compete in the markets of the world,
regardless of high wages, DR.. Julius
Klein, director of the bureau of for
eign and domestic commerce, told a
subcommittee. Of the house commit
tee on appropriations. .s :ss...
DR.. Klein said the high cost Of
labor in the United States had ''rel-
atively little effect on the ability of
american business men to compete
with foreign producers in outside
markets. =. >sa- %# ], 8
"That high cost" said DR.. Klein,
lis simply the item. of high wages
and not high cost. Let me illustrate
that, for example,. with the coal
trade. The wages paid our coal min
ers are far higher than those paid
British coal miners, and yet, under
normal circumstances eliminating
the last few weeks when quantities
of coal have been dumped abroad by
the British under rather peculiar
circumstances out coal can be put
f. o. b. Norfolk at lower cost than
coal can be put on board ship at Car.
diff. The reason for that, first of al
is the far greater productive capac.
ity of .our workmen, a far more ad'
vanced industrial technique by thu
American mining and handling com
panies in machinery for keeping the
mines dry, pumping apparatus. lift
ing and hoisting mechanical devices
and devices. for delivering coal or
board ship. and so forth. 80.
ANYONE going into rolling mil
in Pittsburgh and then visiting ,tht
big German plants art Essen or the
big British plants is impressed, frs
of all. in the American plants: with
the fact that. few men are in sight
The labor world., 1922-03-18
LABOR COST PER Unit OF PRODUCT IS TEST,
NOT HIGH WAGES, SAYS !. 5. OFFlctAI

whereas in the British and German
plants large numbers are seen all
over.5s, 55s e s.:E 81
'In other words, the labor, cost
per unit of product, not necessarily
the wages, but the labor cost per
unit Of product, whether it is d ton
Of: COAL a ton of steel. or a yard Of
goods, is not necessarily to our dis
advantage because Of the superior
industrial technique in our plants,
J.. Then I take it you do not Tear
very much the pauper wages of iEu-
rope" said Congressman Griffin
II think the danger to our export
trade from that direction is exagger-
ated," replied DR.. Klein. "It is;~ Of
| course, an. item well worth considers
in, and we should make sure to COM
pare not only the wages but the Cost
goods per unit.:-.We should also be
very sure that in any such compari-
sons We are considering the same or
similar articles e. 50 +.
DR.. Klein :. made the Interesting
statement that Germans manufac4
turing industries are being restored}
"only very gradually. "sand nots al:
rapidly as is generally supposed. = DR..
Klein stated that :.she is resorting to.
a very considerable artificial stiInu..
lus, a variety of indirect official aids,
to trade, such as low taxes and, very
low freight rates on. the government
railways of Germany sss
The labor world., 1922-03-18

has shared in everything they. won
on the same basis as the union man.
That system has worked in the
railroad business, but it has not been
a success in some other industries.
Hence the demand for the union shop
which hundreds Of employers have
testified has proven as beneficent to
them as to their employees.
Labor is unanimous in its oppos-
ton to the kind of "open shop" ad
vocated by such employers as the
Steel Trust and the West Virginia
coal operators. They seek a closed
shop-a shop closed to all union
workers.
No union advocates "a uniform
wage.' Unions fix minimum wages
and endeavor to prevent employers
paying less, but they are glad to see
them pay more.
The employers, however, almost in
variably make the workers mini
mum their maximum.
It is unfortunate that a man of
DR.. Eliot's reputation should discuss
an important matter in such loose,
inaccurate way. Those who seek to
solve the complex industrial prob
lem should come to their task weii
equipped with facts.
The labor world., 1922-03-18
TROUBLE IN MEXICO.

Sinister influences in this country
are again at work to stir up revo-
luton in Mexico. They want ga
strong man, like Diaz,' who believes
capitalists should have what they
want and that ordinary folk should
be content to always remain poems.
Evidences Of the conspiracy multiply
daily.
A few weeks ago the chief execu-
tive officer of the Association for
the Protection of American Rights in
Mexico' wrote a letter to a dissat-
isfied ,Mexican saying the .associa-
tion was prepared to finance revo.
luton. The letter was turned over to
the Hearst papers and printed.
The directors Of the association
repudiated the document. The chief
executive. agreed to be the scape:
goat. OF course, he will be taken care
of. International bankers like serv-
ants Of that type, even if, they do
blunder occasionally.
Our government accepted the asso-
ciation's explanation at its face value,
[although no one in Washington be.
lieved it.
At the same time it was given out,
semi officially, that this country
would continue to refuse to recognize
Mexico until the Mexican constitu.
tion was rewritten 50 as to "safe-
guard American interests.'' That is
the diplomatic way Of saying it must
be changed so as to satisfy American
bankers and spectators.
Think Of the country Of Washing>
ton, Jefferson and Lincoln sending
that kind of message to a republic
which is bravely struggling to
emerge from the welter of revolution
and intrigued!
It shows how far the selfish aims
of "dollar diplomacy' have carried
us from. the course marked out by
the fathers.
The American labor movement can
render. the cause of worldwide de-
m0cracy notable service by contin.
uing to insist on square deal for
Mexico. Obregon is doing a fine
work, and American tories must not
be permitted to strike him from the
| rear.
The labor world., 1922-03-18
WEWAkTED 4 CHANGE
From the Wheeling Register.

!. From the Wheeling Register.
We were getting q dollar six bits for
our corn, '&# st .~:' =. ~ D..
We could sell every hide from the
hoof to the horn ~. ~
We wanted Al change and we got it.
Now we're getting a quarter for
corn. It's so cheap
That we burn it for fuel. our toes
warm to keep. = ..-*-.~' B.,
We can't sell the hides so we bury
them deep. 1
But we wanted a change and we
" = - got it.
The poor working man pulled down
=. eight bucks day, .t
Now he's darned glad to work for
half that pay
But he wanted a. change and he
got it.
There was work and plenty fo1
every mans son, -
And warm food and shelter when
that work was done;
Now millions are idle, heretofore
there was none -
But we wanted a change and we
got it,,
Mr.. Wilson spent quite long time
lover there";
For peace he was fighting but wha
did we care =
We wanted a change and we got it
Now air that we read is of golf and
| vacations,
Gay week-ends at summer resort:
and plantations;
Not what we expected from the head
Of a. Nation
But. we wanted a change and We
got it.
We were prosperous and happy
well fed and gay,
Now billions of children go hungry
each day
| We wanted a change and we got it
Meanwhile we hear, this: 1T wa
! certain to come
Reaction from war time," and tn
| war three years done.
But we wanted a change and. W.
! got it. - DORA.
The labor world., 1922-03-18
BILLIONS TO SHIP SUBSIDY.

President Harding's suggestion
that approximately $32,000,000 per
year be given to the private owners
Of ships in the form of subsidy is
particularly appropriate at this
time.
The shipping board is now run
ming advertisements announcing
that all government owned ships
will be sold to private individuals or
corporations. These ships origin
ally cost the government around
three and half billion dollars. The
shipping board expects to dispose of
them for not more than $780,
100000.
Admitting that depreciation has
lessened the value of the ships to
the extent of a billion and a half
dollars, this would still mean that
the government is. making the pri-
Vate purchasers an original present
o! $1,850,000,OO0 of property. In
addition to this President Harding
proposes that these purchasers be
given an additional $32,0OO,0O0 per
year for their kindness in accepting
the $1,s50,000,000 gift.
While these billions are being
handed to the spectators the ex-
soldiers are walking the streets,
hundreds of thousands of them in
actual need of necessities. But
there is no bonus for them even
though there is $32,OO0,O00 a year
bonus for the ship owners.
Why not adopt a new motto
something like this:
Billions for the profiteers, but
not one cent for the nations de.
fenders.''
The labor world., 1922-03-18
One, Of the. Manchester districts,
which gave Lloyd Georges candi-
date big majority in the last. gen:
orol oloo+;on hoe rot,,ruol q T.ohor;to


which gave Lloyd Georges candi-
date big majority in the. last. gen:
eral election, has returned a Laborite
by mope, than 5000 majority.
There were only two candidates.
the man who stood for the workers
and the. man who stood for those who
worked the, workers. Unemployment
was the leading issue, but the Labor
party's entire program was earnestly
advocated by. the winner.
Tradition has it that "as Manches-
ter goes so goes the country.' Let us
hope Tradition will not be proven a
false prophet in this instance.
Our British brothers are a little
ahead Of US in the matter Of political
action. There are many reasons for
that, but it is not necessary to. go
into them now.
We will catch up. Yes, and do. even
better.
This should be great year polit-
ically for the American workers. It
is full of inspiring opportunities.
May, the Lord give us the wisdom
and courage to take advantage: Of the
many openings in: the enemy's ranks.
But, before the Lord or anyone else
can do anything. for us, politically
we must register-every man and
woman Of us-and prepare to vote at
primary and general elections.
The labor world., 1922-03-18
DR.. ELIOT BLUNDERs.

DR.. Charles W. Eliot, the venerabi.
president emeritus Of Harvard uni
versity, has been discussing the in
,lustrial problem for the edification
Of the readers Of the New York
Times.
"All labor unions,' says DR.. Eliot,
have believed in and taught the
limited output, the closed shop, the
uniform wage, and going slow -
1t w"uld be extremely difficult for
anyone, except president emeritus,
to pack so many false statements into
one sentence.
We are fairly we'll posted on the
doings Of organized labor, and we. can
not recall one union which believes
in restricted output or "goinc
>'"w.' Of course, labor has fought,
and will continue to fight, the dev.
ilish speeding-up systems which re-
gard human beings as machines which
may oe crowded to capacity until
body and brain weakens and then.
the "junk 'pile.'' Does Harvard :
president emeritus take issue witd
that position?
All labor unions seek the close.
shopt How could so learned a man
make SO egregious blunder?
The. sixteen associated railroad la
bor organizations, with from l,50O;
600 to 100000 members, have neve,
sought the closed shop. They ehav.
fought many battles to secure in
erased wages and improved working
eonditio"s. but the non.union workei
The labor world., 1922-03-18
A NEW CITY HALL.

There will be taxpayers who will
kick up fuss about building a new
city hall at this time, but public
opinion seems to favor immediate
action, despite the fact that the city
will have to borrow nearly every
dollar it will put into the building
and at probable higher rate of in
terest than has been paid for the
larger bond issues of other days.
Money is not like wages. 1t has
rot gone back to "normalcy" yet.
However, the way to restore good
times it to make them. If city hall
and county jail can be started this
season it will help to revive the
building industry. and inspire conf
dence among private builders.
The city is planning to improve
several streets this year. The
county has an extensive road pro-
gram and the state is already letting
contracts for improving it's high
ways. That all helps. 1t will re-
lieve the unemployment situation.
II will open up employment in other
occupations, and that will help some
more.
When a city hall is to be built in
Duluth, whether it is built this year
or 10 years from now, the city will
have to borrow the money to do the
building. million dollar, city hall
will cost $4,000 year in interest
alone. A sinking fund of at least
$4,000 should be set aside, to re-
deem the bonds at maturity. Du-
luth should have a. million dollar
city hall, or it should not think of
building at all. We want struc-
ture on Courthouse square that will
represent the forward spirit Of Du-
luth and its Ieople, that or nothing,
What difference does it make in
the end, if we must borrow the
money, whether we begin today or
10 years hence? We need a city
hall now and we have needed one
for many years. We have merely
put off building because there was
no one in office who had the cour-
age to do what Commissioner Mer-
ritt has proposed to do. This is an
opportune time to begin building,
for it will not only furnish employ
ment to labor. but it will serve to
stimulate every line of business
here. That is the thing to do.
The Federated Trades assembly
has endorsed Commissioner Mer-
.ritt's proposal. 1t declares for a
new city hall. 1t understands that
the city must borrow the money and
the tax payers will be asked TO an
nually contribute $4,000 for the
next 80 years to pay for the build
ing. but it insists that so far as
practical bona fide residents of Du-
luth shall be employed in the con-
struction of the city hall. That is a
fair proposal and the commissioners
will no doubt recognize it as such.
1t should be made q condition of the
contract
The labor world., 1922-03-18

a well-known banker says he has
always regarded the farmer as a pro-
ducer and only recently reaiizedthat
he is also a consumer. If he will fur.
ther investigate the subject he will
discover that the same is true of the
industrial Wor'-~" ,., m1 @ f.
The labor world., 1922-03-18
THE SALES TAX.

For twenty years the American
people fought to secure the right to
tax incomes. At last they won by
amending the Federal, Constitution.
Now President Harding proposes that
they surrender: the fruits Of that
great victory and make the sales tax
the cornerstone Of our revenue sys-
tenn.
The president speaks, as always
for the very rich men Of the coun-
try. They are spending millions to-
influence. public opinion in favor Of
the sales tax, and they are willing to
spend any, number Of millions more.
They can afford to.
If they can substitute the sales
tax for the income tax it will mean
more" to them. in dollars. and cents
than any: proposal. which has come
before, congress in our time. Yes,
more than they got out Of the rail-
road legislation; more than:=they hope
to get out of the ship-subsidy scheme
which is. incubating in the White
House.
A simple illustration will make
this very clear:
A sales tax is a uniform tax-say
one per cent-on: everything we cat
and wear.
The income tax is a graduated tax
on citizens net incomes, the. rate OF
taxation depending on the size of the
income. For the year 1922 the maj,
with an income Of $4,000 pays at the
rate Of four per cent, while the man
with million dollar income is taxed
to the tune of fifty-four per cent.
This is the way it works out:
Let's take Smith, with an income
| of million a yeay, and Jones, his
clerk, with an income Of $4,000 a
year. Both are married and have
three children.
Smith is a high-roller and spends
$25O,000 year and saves $750,00O.
Jones is economical. In some way
only God and Mrs. Jones know just
how it is done--he spends ST, 800 'and
saves $1,000. - .-
Under the existing income tax law
Smith would pay $550.640. while
Jones would pay nothing, because the
law grants married men an exemption
Of $4,000 and $40O for each child.
Under sales tax Of one per cent
Smith would pay $2,5o0-one per
cent on what he spent and not thing
on what he Fsalted away
Jones would pay $t5~
Do you see why the Smiths Of the
country regard President Harding as
a "sccond Daniel come to judg
mentH!7 The Joneses are not so en-.
thusiastic.
The champions Of the sales tax tell
you it will be paid by the ''spend-
ers.' That's true. But the poor are
the best spenders in the world. They
have to spend practically every cent
they get in order to live. Why should
the major part Of the cost Of sup.
porting the National government be
added to their burdens9
They pay their full share now
through the tariff taxes and the
taxes on tobacco, cigars, and other
necessities. -:
The senator or representative who
votes for a sales tax-whatever the
excuse-should be retired to private
life at the first opportunity. So far
as about ninety per cent of them arc
concerned, that opportunity will come
,tnovk Novoroho~ ..g. 4 l., 5@%g3- :.