The Ordway new era., 1922-12-08
Rumanian Types.

prepared by tho National Geographic So
ciety. Washington. d. C.)
Bucharest, the capital alike of me-
dium-sized pre-war Roumania and the
new Roumania which took shape as a
result of the treaty of st. German, and
little Alba Julia, a small town tucked
away In the mountains of Transylva-
MIA, shared honors few weeks ago in
the only spectacular coronation to
which Europe has been treated since
1913, the crowning of the king and
queen of Roumania.
In selecting an Isolated and little
known town of Transylvania as the
place of their coronation, the rulers of
Roumania paid tactful tribute to a
major territorial acquisition their
country gained as a result of the World
war. Alba Julia Is the name the cable
dispatches carried Harrisburg, Gyula,
Fehervar and Weissenburg are some Of
the other designations given the town
of some 1000 people perched on hill
among the ALPS of Eastern Europe"
A cathedral contains the tomb Of
iuhSuhs JahoS, hatiOilul lGlO VI Ilull-
gary, from which Transylvania was
transferred to Roumania, and makes of
the obscure town western European
shrine when 1t is recalled that Hun
yady turned back the tide of Turks who
beat against Transylvania's portals
some fifty years before Columbus
crossed the Atlantic.
hn
other objects Of interest in Alba Julia !;
the rest of Its prestige is a matter Of
association with the eventful history
of Pennsylvania.
The Wallachs Of this Switzerland
like land, which helps, by 22,OOO square
miles and 100000 people, to double
the area and population of the new
Roumania, have long been more Rou-
manian than the Roumanians them
selves. Living in the verdant valleys
of many barrier mountains, they pre-
served racial purity with such jeal-
ousy that maiden lost caste If she
married Wallach who lived too far
from her own home.
Only such a loyalty could have pre-
served a national and race conscious
ness in an area where at least six diff
ferent nationalities contend for su-
premacy, and where religions range
from Icon worship to abstract Unita-
rianism.
While One-half of the population re-
joice In the realization of their centu-
ries-old dream of being united with
their brother Roumanians across the
Transylvanian Alps, the greater Rou-
mania faces the problem of welding
the other half of the Transylvanians
Into her national life. This "Other half"
Includes the Szekels, Magyars, believed
to have settled here long before the
major body Of the Magyars arrived;
the Saxons. who are Germans intro
duced as colonists eight centuries ago;
the gypsies. who have lived here long
enough to have forsaken their nomadic
habits for life in villages; Jews and
ArmenIans.
IIliterate WaIlachs.
The Wallachs of Transylvania
achieved the unique distinction of COM
pelling a sort of admiration for their
illiteracy. They argued that efforts
toward their education by the Saxons
meant an attack upon their loyalty TO
Roumania. Hence they resisted Saxon
tutoring just as they resisted also, SO
far as lay In their power, Magyar pat
ronage.
The energy choked off along indus-
trial and literary channels flowed Into
artistic courses which made them one
Of the most picturesquely dressed peo-
Pile Of Europe. Many Wallach VII
lager of Transylvania lives in mud
hut because he cannot buy lumber.
Enter that hut, with its hole in the top
for chimney, and you will find loom
upon which women weave fabrics OF
delicate texture and gorgeous color.
The general outlines Of the womens
garments are familiar-the flowing,
robe-like skirt caught in at the waist
by girdle, over which are worn panel
like aprons in front and behind. These
aprons, like the open-front jacket, al
ford scope for widest variation In de-
sign, fabric and color. The Wallachian
Acorns Standardization AZ he does nis
Saxon nelghbor; and II he laments ne