davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16
By EDWARD c. LOWRY
Copyright, Western Newspaper Uaion

MT. Leysr-I eoncede 1t.
 Mir. Mclaughlin ef Michigan-Nlu the gentleman reserve his point sf orderR
 MT. Stafrerd-I will reserve it.
 MT McLaughlin-The committee made the recommendation to increase the sal ary s5Qe, took testimony on 1t and con sidered 1t very carefully. In ear jsdg- ment the increase in salary ought 10 be made for an official who has been in thu department, as the chairman says, for long time at the head Of this bureau. He has performed able and faithful services The salary is less than that paid to the heads of other bureaus We felt after listening to all that was said. and with knowledge of the work he has been doing and has done the salary proposed Is not too large.
 Mir. starord-How long has he been there?
 MT. Levsr-Hs has been there ferty-twe years.
 MT. stafford-what is his age?
 Mir. Lever-Over sixty. perhaps nearer seventy, but he is still vigorous and abls to do good work. He is one of the greatest entomologists in the world
 The Chairman-The point of order is sustained.
 Five minutes later the matter of Doctor Nelson's salary was reached The secretary of agriculture recon Hended an increase of his pay from $3, 3,500 10 S4,000. This happened:
 MT. Stafford-Mister Chairman. I re- serve the point of order the para graph Will the chairman of the eam- mittee inform the house as to how long this biologist has been in the service of the government and how long he has been receiving the present salary of S.5ee. on which you recommend an increase of SSo0?
 MT. Lsser-Mister Chairman. this gen. tleman whose name Is Nelson, has been in the service of the department since November. 1890. He has served as chief field naturalist from 1907 to 1912. and was assistant in charge of the biological in- Vestigatien, from 1913 to 1914. On August 6, 1914 he was appointed assistant chief of the bureau. and on December l, lsle. wa. made chief of the bureau. He took the place of Doctor Henshaw.
 MT. statford-And the salary has been g. 500 since 1sls? Mir Lever-Yee. Mir stafrord-What is his age? MT. Ieyer-I should think that Doctor | Nelson is round fifty years of age. Mir Stanord--He fs not superannnated. Mir. Leysr-Oh. mo- he is very yigor- ous man.
 MT. stanord-Mister Chairman. I with draw the point of order.
 Doctor Howard was refused his in- crease of pay because he was too old, lover sixty, perhaps nearer seventy" l Doctor Nelson was allowed his in- crease because he was not superan- nuated but in his prime, round fifty years of age"
 Now, as a matter of fact, Doctor 1 Howard is more than two years young CT than Doctor Nelson. Is it any won der that scientific men of any attain ments are reluctant to enter service where the measure of the value of 1 their services is set down in any such haphazard and casual way?
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16

the field of private enterprise. They were too fine and too patriotic to leave their posts.
 Under the compelling force of pa- triotism they made willing sacrifices during the war, but with the return of peace the government cannot expect to retain these employees indefinitely, because in justice to themselves and their families they will sooner or later accept the larger opportunities that arc open to them in the world of business and industry unless the government proposes to pay them salaries that at least reasonably approach the value of their services.
 Only prompt action by the congress to build up permanent and dignitie0 civil service which will include men of great ability and high attachments can prevent mistakes and failures in the transaction of the public business, the consequences of which may be ealamitous."
 chairman of the appropriations con- mittee of the house, Is equally frank:
 To-day duplication fin the govern ment service abounds on every hand. For example, eight different depart ments of the government, with large overhead organizations, are engaged in engineering work, in navigation, ir- rigation and drainage eleven different bureaus are engaged in engineering research: twelve different organiza- tions are engaged in road con struction, while twelve, with large overhead organizations, are engaged in hydraulic construction and sixteen are engaged in surveying and map ping. Sixteen different bureaus exer- else Jurisdiction over water-power de- velopment Nine different organiza- i tions are collecting information on the consumption of coal. Forty-two differ ent organizations, with overhead ex- penses, are dealing with the question of public health.
 "The Treasury department, the War | department, the Interior department and the Labor department each has a bureau dealing with the question of general education. These departments operate independently instances of CO., operation between them are excep- tional Each of these departments Is manned at all times with an organiza- ton prepared to carry the peak of the load and maintains an expensive ready-to-serve personnel. A lack of cooperation in the executive depart ments necessarily leads to gross ex- | travagance. The system is wrong, and l eon.re.. aicne can change sAs systsa.3
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16
SYSTEM IS ALL WRONG

The great difficulty that stands in the way of discussing Uncle Sam as an employer is that there is no such person. The men who stand in the relation of employer to their subordi- mates are nothing but employees them selves, and temporary ones at that, with a very heeting tenure of office. Cabinet officers and members of con gross, to whom the rank and file of employees look for guidance for q solution of their problems, are simply tieeting figures that come and go, with their own interests to serve. They testify freely enough as to conditions of government employment. Senator Carter Glass, recently secretary of the treasury, for example:
 'Thc largely multiplied business of the government cannot be conducted with efficiency and economy unless there be attracted to and retained in the public service group of highly trained, Well-paid and permanent otfi- cials of supervisory grades. Uncer- tainty of tenure in some instances and inadequacy of compensation have closed the public service to many men of the best type or forced them out of government employ at the moment of thei. greatest usefulness.
 '"lle war has increased the public debt more than twenty-five fold and has augmented the functions and ac- tiv!ties of the government i'll many ways The duties are greater and the responsibilities are larger than those Of other days, to the standards of which 1t is not 10 be expected that the government will ever return. The conditions are such that failure to take the necessary action to invite and hold in the public service men of ex- eeptional ability and of real distine- ton in their fields can result only in grave burdens 10 the taxpayers of the country and in possible disaster.
 Already the transaction of the business of the government is ham, pered by deficiencies of personnel due to the return to private life of many men of large capacity who during the period of active warfare were willing and glad to serve their country al great personal sacrifice I have come to learn that there are heroes in the civil establishments as well as in the military services, self-sacrifcing pa triots who toll year in and year out fol a bare pittance when they could com mand salaries double or treble the amounts they receive from the govern nlent. but who. for the love of ihell country and for the love of theil @orA. have rejected ailG.lns oAers II
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16

to withstand the raYageS Of the early of the seeding plants in the open ground and make Il necessary to plant more seeds to the hin than could be grown should they all survive.
 In the larger-sized paper pots, sladi- olus bulbs as well as tuberoSes may se sprouted and placed in the ground ~lth an advantage of months growth over the earliest date Il would be possible to plant them in the open. TAe pots are so cheap in price that they can be thrown away after using With no real loss.
 One precaution is necessary in us Ing these pots. They should not be Ynowed 10 stand iii water or the bot toms will rot out while the sides re- rNain intact. It Is necessary to provide drainage in all but the smallest sizes with pieces of broken earthen flower pots, eroekery CT few pebbles.
 Castor beans may be given fine start with these paper pots which will bring them to majestic proportions much earlier thae if planted i'll the open. Planting she seeds in these little pots saves the work of trans planting which will become Imperative If the seed Is planted in the usual way in a seed box indoors or iu rows in hotbed or cold frame.-Natlonal Gar den Bureau
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16
VII. WHY GOOD MEN DODGE

The government service must look largely to the graduates from colleges and universities in recruiting for its technical work. Replies to an inquiry addressed to some forty of the leading colleges and universities of the coun- try to discover what class of men took civil service examinations, whether the number is decreasing and, if SO, the reasons, disclose vividly what the training schools of technical and sclen- tlGc men think about the government as all employer. They warn their graduates against government service, and the graduates heed the warning.
 Carnegie Institute of Technology at Pittsburgh, reports:
 It is certainly true that the best Of our graduates are not interested in govern ment employment because they feel that first of all, 1t does not pay adequate sal aries nor does II offer opportunity for advancement that private enterprise does This spring l interviewed all the mem bers of the graduating class. except ths wemen. and none of them would consider government employment, although there were many positions open. There
 
 institute, and l will venture to state that not more than ten are employed by the government.
 Replies of similar tenor and import were received from the University of Chicago, Leland Stanford university, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Princeton university, Indiana uniyer- sity, and the University of Wisconsin.
 Inequality of compensation Is one of the chief reasons that deter scien- tifie men from going into the govern ment service. Congress fixes the sal- aries of most of the government em- plogees. 1 can give concrete Illus tration of how it determines the sal sries of scientific men.
 Dr. Leland O. Howard and pr. Ed ward W. Nelson are two scientists in the employ of the government who have national regulations.
 The appropriation bill for the De. partment of Agriculture was under consideration in the house on January 30th, 1920. The secretary of agrieul- ture had been recommending for five CT six years that Doctor Howard ! salary be increased from $4,500 to S5, GOO. He proposed it again in that years bill. When the item was reached in the discussion on the floor, this col loquy ensued:
 MT. Stanerd-Mister Chairman. l re- serve a point of order on the paragraph Is the entomoiogist whose salary you propose to increase the same person rec commended for an increase last year2 hir. Leyer-Yes; he has been in the gov. srament service many. many years.
 The Chairman--I make the point of or der
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16

clover, and only four-ffths will sprout, then only three-ffths. or 60 per cent, of the original seed as offered will grow. Thus, the germinating test has all important bearing on the worth of seed offered to the farmer.
 Protects American Farmers.
 4 seed-testing service is maintained by the United States Department Of Agriculture, where 29, 63S samples of various seeds were examined and tested in the last fiscal year-l6, 442 in Washington and 13 1o6 in the five branch Seed-teStins stations. Similar service Is offered by the various state experiment stations. The department also exercises a strict inspection serv- ice over field seeds brought from for eign countries, and last year 5,00O,O0O pounds of various seeds were rejected or held for cleaning before being al lowed to be offered to American farm CTS.
 Nevertheless, the closest scrutiny is necessary on the part of the farmer who desires a good stand of clover, either as forage crop or to turn under for the improvement Of his soil.
 IL is important that the testing of seed be done early enough that suf- ficient supply of pure seed can be pur- chased in time for use; and if seed is to be sent to one of the government or state testing laboratories, at least two weeks should be allowed.
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16

StEaHDerrlcs, First r rllt or Sesson. plantinss should be so arranged that the larger growing trees such as apple, peach and pear will interfere the least with the cultivation of the smaller fruits or the vegetable garden. In some Of the most successful home fruit gardens the larger trees are head cd rather high, that is, or feet to the lower branches, and row of small fruits are grown directly in the row of fruit trees. Between the rows of fruit trees, raspberries. blackberries, deWberries and strawberries are plant cd in rows which are about or feeI apart. The vegetables are then grown in the space between these rows Of Der ries. Peach trees are, as rule, plant ed as filters between apple and pear trees. Where the area is extremely limited the semi-dwarf varieties of ap- nles are sometimes recommended. Care should be taken, however, to provide plenty of distance between the largc-growing trees. say 4o to 4s feet for apples and 20 to 30 feet for peach es, pears and cherries.
 Apples. pears, cherries and plums may be planted as combination fruit and shade trees, and by heading them r to feet above the ground, q lawn may be maintained underneath them Plum trees are particularly adapted to planting in a poultry yard but must he headed reasonably high ard the trunks protected by wire netting until inc frees ere four or five years old
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16

The area of pea-sick land is widen ing each year. It Is particularly i'm portant that the large seed-growing regions of the West, which have re- mained free of the disease up to the present time, be protected from 1t by the practice of proper rotation.
 The department is breeding varieties of peas resistant to root rot, but some time must elapse before there can be any assurance that the commercial growers problem can be solved in this way.
The Newark journal., 1922-02-16
HOW TO GROW PEPPERS

Seeds of peppers should be sown in hotbed or in q box in the house about weeks before the time for setting the plants in the garden. The plants are ten der and should not be trans planted until the ground is warm and all danger of frost is past. Set the plants 15 to IS inches apart in rows 21a to 8 feet apart. The cultivation and treatment of peppers should be the same as for tomatoes and eggplants. There are large number of varieties of peppers, including the sweet kinds and the hot pep pers.
Evening star., 1922-04-30

E. Johnston, Attorney General Gar
land and Senator Harris (organizers
of the Pan Electric Company had
their laboratory in this remarkable
village
From Parthenon Heights, a hill
looking from the east and yet part
OF Bladensburg. may be seen to the
north Lord Baltimore's manor and it,
buildings, and in another direction
the famous dueling ground and the
battlefield remarkable for American
folly. Farthe-- away is the Digges
manor. where L'Enfant, the great en-
gineer. who planned the Nation:
Capital. lies buried. and the heights
of Kalorama, where Decatur sleeps
with his sword at his side, loom III,
in the distance. The whole seen.
presents vast and beautiful pan
Drama of hills and valleys, cottages
and farmhouses, lifted to heaven b,
the far-or cope of the Blue Ridga
mountains-all of which scene was
included in the original grant to Lord
Baltimore"
This must have been written about
1885 or 1856.
Evening star., 1922-04-30

for him, but he thought I would like
to have it; that the model he looked
at would be much easier for me to
drive, and that it was a much better
looking car than the one the Hib-
bards purchased. Then he told me
the agent had offered to allow him six
hundred dollars on the car we had.
and that he was almost certain he
was going to get some additional
business which would enable him to
make up the difference without dis
arranging our schedule of proposed
expenditures. Then. kissing me on
the hair as he used to do when we
were first married. he said, in that
old, sweet way, Kitten, you know 1
just want You to have everything
that's nice in the world What can
a woman do when her husband talks
to her like that? And, anyhow. the
new car is just a beauty. and with
my new spring costume and Rex's
new golf outfit. I am sure the people
at the club next Sunday will just
know that Rex is making money
You know. looking PROSPEROUS is a
great aid to young business mon.
Anyhow. budgets are mean. bother
some old things"
Evening star., 1922-04-30
Balancing of Trees.

THERE has been offered very in
teresting suggestion concern
ing the utility to tree OF the ir-
regular arrangement of its branches.
Watching large plane tree during
gale. an observer noted that while
one great limb swayed in one direc-
tion, another swayed the opposite
way. and although all the branches
were plunging and bending before
the blast. they did not move I'm
unison. or all at once in the same
direction. But for the peculiarity
in the motion of the branches, it is
thought. the tree could not have es-
capped uprooting; and the investi-
gator suggests that this kind Of
balancing serves in general to pro-
tect large trees, like. oaks and
beeches. which have their branches
unsymmetrically placed. from beiAg
overturned by high winds
Evening star., 1922-04-30

ton of the woman to whom the gown
would be most becoming would fit
most any American woman. l sensed
danger and tried to stand off the on
slaught by talks of a little home
one of the kind that the real estate
men describe in their prespectuses-
vine-covered, wide porches. spacious
lawns and a garden in which to raise
beautiful flowers. But one might
Just as we'll have tried to paint a
battleship for 1925 as to kill the germ
that had been planted in my wife's
mind by the fashion note from gay
Paree"
"a COUPLE nights later friend
- wife was more than usually
attentive. She insisted that / take
the great big easy chair. and, perch
ing herself on the arm, commenced
to smooth my hair. to rub my fore
head and to talk about our courtinS
days. I prepared for the worst.
Leading up to her subject with skill
that would make Lloyd Georges
finesse look like the rawlings of an
amateur politician trying to buck
Tammany Hall. she took me mentally
by the hand and led me up flower
strewn pathways to view the dawn
of great era.
Evening star., 1922-04-30
Reclaiming Tin.

THE scarcity of tin has led one
English town, under the dfrec-
tion of an engineer and surveyor, to
devise practicable and profitable
method of utilizing the empty fin
cans that form a part of the refuse
brought to the dust destructor. An
important advantage of the process
seems TO be that it can be carried on
with very little additional expense by
municipalities that maintain an in
Generator for the destruction of waste
material. Its chief feature is a spe-
cfaI furnace for the treatment of
waste tin by gases, which can be
added to the existing plant and
worked in conjunction Herewith.
with only trifiing extra outlay in
fuel and labor.
While ''detinnins." ''desoldering"
and baling are not new, the novel;
ty in the process adopted in England
Is that the detinning-that is, burn
ing the tin off the steeI-is done by
means OF heat from waste fiue gases OH
their passage from the furnace to
the chimney, thereby reducing the
cost of separate and specially fired
furnace. AS adopted by the English
town the process involved only a COM
paratiNely nominal capital outlay
tunder $1,000. the hydraulic pressure
being already installed at the works
In connection with other machinery.
In order to describe the process, it
Will be convenient to deal with a
typical case of 100000 population.
The quantity of scrap collected from
the house refuse at the furnaces
which must necessarily vary accord
ing to the class of town and popu-
lation. is about 200 tons per annum
which may be devided approximately
as follows. Tin. 135 tons; light scrap.
80 tons: galvanized scrap. 25 tons.
enamel scrap 10 tons; total. 200 tons.
The cans are detinned by heat In
the English town they are sorted out
on the top Of the delivery platform
and dropped into a furnace through
which the fiue gases are allowed to
pass. The heat meits off the solder,
which falls into collecting trough.
The cans are then removed and put
through hydraulic press and formed
into bales two feet three inches by
fifteen inches and about four inches
deep. When removed no banding is
necessary. as the bales hold together
in such way that they can be put
into a truck and thence taken to rail-
way trucks for delivery to the steel
works. The solder that is collected
in the trough has necessarily a GER
tain amount of dross in 1t, from
which 1t has to be separated to find
ready market. The light scrap is
merely sorted out and baled without
treatment Of any kind and similarly
forwarded to the steel works. The
galvanized scrap is baled without
treatment and delivered to degalvan-
izing works. The enamel scrap has
to be specially treated by firms deal
ing in such material. who remove the
enamel and recover the steel:
Dealt with in this way, the recov-
cred metal produces a revenue In the
district mentioned of upward OF
$4,000, thus doing away with thu
necessity of paying for the cartagr
of material to waste tips, which still
obtain in many districts.
Evening star., 1922-04-30

Haven't we given them everything
they wanted. and don't you realize
there was a peace conference held
here few weeks ago, and don't you
realize that there are even times
when the stoutest- hearted men be-
come pacifists? My motto has been
not only safety first, but safety al
ways. OF course, when you talk with
Helen she will convince you that she
had nothing to do whatsoever with
disorganizing, disrupting and disin-
tegratin our splendid slittle scheme
to live within the sum we had set
aside for the years expenditures"
THAT. in part. was his side of the
story. Helen's is as follows:
while Rex is a dear. sweet old
husband, and there is not another like
him in the whole wide world. he's
just too mean for anything to try
and put the blame on me for the
spelling of our beautiful plan of hav-
ing a family budget. But that's just
like every man - something. goes
wrong and then he blames his poor
wife =
Now, Pm going to tell you just
exactly how the whole thing hap
pened, and l. am sure you will agree
with me just the same IS ny girl
friends do that I have talked with
about the matter.
Along about the end If February
a lot of the shopkeepers commenced
showing pictures of very s,nar. look
ing golf suits. and / must confe ss
that Rex looks like a god when he
wears his knickerbockers and those
fuzzy stockings. With his broad
shoulders and-wel1. his general ap-
pearance-he certainly makes a stun
ming figure. and I am very proud Of
him whenSwe go out to the country
'club. After he had looked at these
advertisements for couple of nights