New-York tribune., 1922-01-22

equally sworn to secrecy and also NOT
to hinder the election.
Meanwhile a conclave, formerly a
large room, now large part Of the
Vatican palace, including two or three
Hoors, is walled off, and the space di-
vlded into apartments, each with three
or tour small rooms or cells, in each
OF which are 81 cruciix, bed, a table
and a few chairs. Access to the con-
clave is free through one door only,
locked from without by the marshal Of
the conclave, and from within By the
cardinal camerlengo
There are four openings provided
for the passage of food and other nee
! cssaries, guarded from within and
without t-on the exterior by the author
ity of the marshal and majordomo, on
the interior by the prelate assigned
to this duty by the three cardinals
mentioned above, representive of the
three cardinalital orders. Once the
conclave begins The door is not again
opened until the election is announced,
except to admit cardinal who is late
IN arriving.
Communication Forbidden
All communication with the outside
is strictly forbidden under pain Of loss
of office and ipso facto excommunica~
ton. A cardinal may leave the con-
clavc in case of sickness Certified un-
der oath by . physician) and return;
not SO conclavst.
Within. the cardinals live with their
conclavists in the cells. Though all
meals are taken in private they arc
served from a common quarter, but
great care is taken to prevent written
communication by this way. The cells
of the cardinals are covered with cloth,
purple if the cardinal was created"
they wish 10 be undisturbed they close
the door of their cells, the framework
of which is in the shape of st. An
drew's cross.
The conclavc opens officially on the
evening of the tenth day after the
Pope's decease, unless another day has
been assigned Every precaution is
taken to exclude those who have no
right within the enclosure. Papal
legislation has long since forbidden the
once customary "capitulations" or ante
election agreements binding on the new
Pope; it has also forbidden the cardi-
nails to treat Of Pspal succession among
themselves during the Pope's life
the matter with the cardinals. All
true cardinals may enter the conclavc,
but those only who have received
deacon's orders have right to vote
unless they have received special in
dult from the late Pope. Cardinals
who have been preconized, but not yet
elevated to the purple, arc entitled by
a decision of st. Plus V Q57) both
to be present and to vote.
$50 in Enclosure
Including the cardinals, prelates and
conclavists, there are perhaps $50 per-
sons in the enclosure. The govern
ment of the conclave is in the hands
three representative cardinals who sue
ceed one another in order of seniority
every three days. About or 8 o'clock
on the morning Of the eleventh day
the cardinals assemble in the Pauline
Chapel and assist at the mass of the
cardinal dean. After mass they as
semble in the Sistine Chapel, where the
, actual voting takes place.
There six candles are lighted on the
altar on which rest the paten and
chalicc to be used in the voting. The
papal throne is removed. Before each
chair is a small writing desk. When
Chapel accompanied by their con-
clavists bearing their portfolios and
writing materials. Prayers are said
by the bishop sacristan; the ballots are
distributed and then all are excluded
| except the cardinals, one Of whom bolts
the door.
There are four possible forms OF
election-scrutinum compromissum, &C
cessus. quasi-inspiratio. The usual
| form is that Of scrutinum, or secret
ballot, and in it the successful candi-
Ia IL: -.
sivc of his own. When there is a close
vote, and only then, the ballot of the
Pope-elect, which, like all the others
is distinguishablc by a text Of Scrip.
ture written on one of its outside folds
is opened to make sure that he die
not vote for himself
Secret Ballot Held
Each cardinal deposits his vote in the
chalice on the altar and at the same
time takes the prescribed oath: "Tes
tor Christum Dominum qui me jud:ca
turus est me clsgcrc auem secunun
Deum judico el;gi debere ct quoc
idem in accessu pratabo," which. trans
lated is "I cali to witness the Lore
Christ, who will be my judge, that
am clecting the one whom, according
to God, think ought to be elected"
For this election by secret ballo'
three cardinals (scrutatores( are choser
by lot each time to preside over thu
operation Of voting, three others (re
visores) to control the count Of theil
Primarily to collect the ballots of thu
sick and absent cardinals. If the sicl
cardinals cannot attend the ballotinf
then the three infirmarii go to theil
cells and bring back their votes in I
box to the three cardinals presiding
who count them and put them in th'
chalice with the others.
Then, all the ballots having beer
shaken up and counted, if the numbe
agrees with the number of electors, tn,
chalice is brought to the table and th'
ballots, on the outside Of which appea
tho names Of the candidates.. are passet