davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
ENGLAND WINNER In
FIGHT AGAINST FLIES
(By The Associated .rr~ss }

LONDON. Dec. 30--The reduction OF
the number Of house flies from myriaGS
To a comparatively few has been ac-
complished in England through santa
tion and health propaganda. accordinl
to statement by Dr. r. Ilalford Ross
medical assessor at the Ministry Of
Pensions.
DR. Ross toured the British Isles las,
summer, and in those places where
previously there had been thousands OF
flies. they were conspicuous by thcit
absence. he declares. Some out of the
way villages and farm houses still
sheltered the grubs and insects. but
these locations were not numerous.
There has been very great decrease
in the figures on infant mortality. as
compared 10 1911. and the Improvement
is credited by DIR. Ross to the relative
absence of flies.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31

Morton l.. Tuttle OF Boston,. Clems
w. Lundoff of Cleveland; Clair Fos-
ter, who il reported to be living in
Canada; John II. McGibbons of Bal
timore and Chicago; and James a.
Mears Of Boston and Springfield,
Mass.
All of those indicted were members
of or were connected with the con-
struction committee. The indictment
is the first Of its kind and il the re-
suit of Investigations of the war
fraud cases by Attorney General
Daugherty.
A number of other indictments are
expected to follow.
Each Of the seven defendants. the in
dictment asserted, conceived a fraud
ulent scheme or plan for getting con
troll passed to future clients, employ
ers or friends Of the immense emer-
gency construction program OF the
United States during the war. includ-
ing the determination Of the policy 10
be followed the form of contract. all
grossly and fraudulcntly favorable to
AHc cuhtfactofS ana iH lake manner
and 10 the same extent unfavorahle tU
the United States"
The indictment also charges that IN,
defendants did "unlawfuly and felou-
iously conspire with divers other per-
sons to dcfraud the United States by
delaying impeding. obstructing, per-
verting. contraveaing and defeating the
administration Of laws and lawful reg
ulations."
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
NORTH POLE SEEKING
ANOTHER LOCATION

LONDON. Dec. 30.-The earth IL wob-
bling on its axis. according to Colonel
T.. Jensen, the Danish scientist who
returned recently from u degree meas
uring expedition into Greenland. lie
reports that Greenland il moving west
ward at the rate Of 20 yards q year.
This seems TO confirm the recent re-
ports Of surprising climatic changes
at the North Pole.
l, j. now established that there II a
periodic shifting of the latitude of the
North Pole. The movement is difficult
10 detect because of the small area of
the Polc-about the size Of a tennis
court. Some authorities say that the
poles are gradually changing their po-
sitions. and that this alteration to the
worlds axis will in time mean that re-
region which IL at present ice-bound will
become warm and habitablc countries.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
ASKS BUSINESS MEN
ADOPT RURAL SCHOOL

AMARILLO. Texas. Dec 30.--A pro-
'ect called "mothering the schools has
been instituted by Miss Laura A. Ham
Ter. recently elected 10 be the first
county superintendent for the Potter
county schools. Miss Hammer asked
Every business mems club in Amarillo
20 adopt one Of the rural schools of
he county as its special county child"
The men adopting these schools are ex-
pected to drop in" and visit them as
they pass by. send speakers TO their
community meetings. attend their en-
'ertainments and take general inter
est In the growth Of the school. The
Ad club has planned to erect sign
board for its school announcing to
every passerby the virtues Of that COM
munity. It's products and special at
fractions
"One hundred and fifty children in
Potter county are scattered over the
30 sqnare miles Of Texas territory
while s.6l5 children 90 70 school in
Amarillo." Miss Hammer said.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
MEMBERS
|. v. v. SECURE.
THEIR FREEDOM
Will be Required to Leave
Country Within Sixty Days
for Some Foreign Land is
Report

WASHINGTON. u. C.. Dee 30. -
Eight former members Of the Industrial
Workers Of the World. sentenced four
years ago to varying terms In the Leav-
enworth penitentiary for conspiracy and
violating wartime legislation. were Of
fered their freedom today by President
Harding on condition they leave the
country Immediately.
Sixty days were allowed the prisoners
10 arrange their affairs preparatory t.
deportation. bond being required ia
assure their einbarkation 10 some for
eign land.
Ii was said the action of the president
was confined strictly 10 the eases acted
upon. and did not Indicate his intention
to exercise similar clcmency in regard a.
u score or more members of the same
organization whn are still inlrrisonrd.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
SAN SABA AMBITIOUS
TO BE PECAN CENTER

SAN SARA. Texas. Dee. 30.-San Sa-
ba county and its neichboring district
is out to become the chief pecan pro-
ruction section OF the world. Already
supplying goodly portion Of the out
put d the nuts. il In increasing its
present pecan area Of 1000 acres to
5000 acres. which according TO J. +.
Bell. secretary Of the Chamber of Com
merce, will make its position Of supply
less disputed.
I'm 1919. San Saba shipped three
million pounds Of pecans." says Mr.
Bell. 'includcd in the customers being
the King Of England. who paid one
dollar pound for them. Native pecans
here average three and one half inches
In circumference and weigh thirty-five
TO the pound"
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
TOUR ANDFARM
MANAGEMENT.
SCHOOL JAN. 9-lO
Arrangements Made to Give
Farmers Of Valley an OPP
portunity to Profit by In
vestigating

Those farmers Of the Valley who are
interested in learning why the "suc-
cessful succeed" will have an oppor-
agement tour and school. conducted By
n. NJ. Dauehery. farm management ex-
pert Of the Extension service of the
A. 4 NJ. College, who recently made an
exhaustive survey Of u number OF Val
lev farms. The tour will visit several
farms in the vicinity Of Harlineen on
Tuesday. January 9th. and the follow
ing day farm bookkeeping school will
be held at the La Teria community
house. with Mr.. Dauahrrty in charge.
The farm bookkeeping school will
open ut lao and continue to 4:30, ac-
cording 10 announcement received yes
terday. Account hooks will be furnished
all farmers attending and complete in
sfructions will be given as to how farm
accounts should be kept. MIR. Daugher-
~ has had extensive experience in
this work. and his instructions will
prove Of great interest to those who at
tend.
Farm Tour Program
During his investigations in Gamer
on county Mr.. Daupherty made a man
agement survey Of thirty farms. and
amo"g this number be found four which
stand out as the most profitable. They
made net farm income of fromxl3a5
$l5G9.. and what he considered Of
greatest Significance was the fact that
they made money every year. In order
that other Valley farmers may learn
how these farms are operated. what
crops paid the best. the crop expenses.
fam management, etc, a tour of these
farms. all Of which arc in close prox-
unity to Harl;neen. will be made.
Those who desire 10 attend are re-.
ques'"d to assemble at the farm Of ].
>. Wilhelm. orc mile west of Harlin-
Fer. at 9:40 am. January 9th, and the
following itinerary has been arranged:
$50 TO 1890 am. Wilhelm farm.
1880 to 1925 Lunch at Harlingen
Tourist camp--Coffee promised by the
Hariinren Chamber OF Commerce.
loo to 200 pm. Program at L. N.
Redds' farm. ..-1
2:Io to- 3:i5 pm. Program at ]. IL.
Williams farm.
wsas'. siss f. fs.m' s.''' pm Program at l. c
general invite9on to the farmers
to avail themselves Of this farm man
-sgement tow and farm bookkeeping
scheel. .Aas been extended by County
Agent Louis II. Alsmeyer. No convey
ances will be furnished. and those ex-
pecting TO attend should come in their
own cars or make their own. arrange
ments for conveyance.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
PLAN MEETING AT PHARR
CLOSE UP S. O. S. QUOTA

fulfill her obligations and wind up the
quota Of $500 which she agreed to
raise. So far San Juan and Browns
vile are the only two towns which have
completed their quotas. according to
Mr.. G'Brien. who was in Pharr Thurs
day on business connected with the
road.
The plans of the committee are not
as yet ready for announcement, but
there will be- a big time. plenty to eat.
and lots Of entertainment. as well as
the privilege of hearing a talk by the
president Of the Rio Grande Railway
Co. So save the date. next Wednesday
night. and II you want to know more
about the great project of the harbor
at Point Isabel. be there and bring
your friends with you.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
STATE BUREAU
CHIEFS REFUSE
TO RESIGN JOBS
tBy The Associated Press.)

AUSTIN. Texas. Dec. 80. Further de-
velopmcnts in the situation regarding
the discharging of more than dozen
employees oi the state health depart
ment will await Governor Neff's re-
turn. The governor has left for Flor
esvisIe where he viii speak tonight.
The bureau chiefs who were dismiss
ed following their refusal to submit
designations AZ the request of Dr. W.
A. Beasley. acting health officer. are
r. III. Golaz. OF the food and drug divis-
ion; Dr. q. NJ. Graham, in charge Of
laboratories: Jeff l.. Reese, enforce
ment and federal cooperative city work.
Each wrote letter 10 DR.. Beasley
outlining their reasons for refusing 10
tender their designations. The list Of
those permanently relieved III duties
may reach eighteen
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
TASTE FOR MOVIES
GAINING In JAPAN

TOXIC, Dee. ?O.-The taste OF The
general public in Japan for moving pir-
lures is increasing every year. From
90 to SO new pictures are inspected
every day BY the metropolitap policG.
According to the police authorities. II
number q pictures permitted fer use
last year reached li,s77, showing an
increase Of about double that OF the
preceding year.
Since January. 1000 pictures have
been Imported 70 Japan from the Uni
ted States and about 200 each from
italy Germany and France. respec-
tively. The number OF moving pictures
imported from England and other
countries Is very small
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
CHARGE WISCONSIN
FARMER SENT BOMB
THAT KILLED WOMAN

WISCONSIN RAPIDS. Wis. Dec. 90.
James Magnuson. farmer residing
near Marshficld. was arraigned before
a justice Of the peace here today
charged with the murder Of Mrs. James
A. Chapman wife Of Marshfield coun-
" commissioner. Mrs. Chapman was
killed and her husbands arm was
blown off while opening a dynamite
bomb sent through the mails disguised
as Christmas package.
Magnuson refused to plead and de-
clined 70 employ a lawyer He asserted
his innocence. He was remanded to Jail
until January 4. when his hearing will
be continued. He denied that he had
ever had any trouble with Chapman.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
LIFTING OF OPEN
port Law. CALLS.
FORTH PROTEST

AUSTIN. Texas. Dec. 30.--Numcrous
protests against the lifting Of the
open port law in six Texas towns We're
received by Governor Neff and Adju-
tant General Barton TO-DAY.
The protests regarded all six towns
and came from railroad officials and
local authorities. They said that those
protesting were informed that only
regular rangers would be withdrawn
from various points on January and
that special rangers may be retained
indefinitely.
Among the protests was one from
the officials of the Cotton Belt rail
road against lifting of the law nj Ty
Ter and Marshall. The governors proc
lamaion lifting the law was issued to-
DAY.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
FATHER and FOUR
SONS ARRESTED ON
CHARGE OF MURDER
fBy The Assasiated Pressl

SAN ANTONIO. Texas. Dee. -. -
Five men. all Of the same family were
placed in jail as the result Of invcsiign-
rions ~ the sheriff's office Of the death
If Jose lbarra. age IL wears. who was
found in the street on the night of De
cember "a. The men are Melizo rarra.
the father, Patricio. Antonio. Ramon
and Pedro. SONS. All Of them denied
knowledge Of The crime. They were
captured ai the rock quarry al New
Rraunfel-.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31

with the resolution made TO wind up
the drive and complete the $. o. s
fund the committee in charge of the
Pharr quota will stage q big cclcbra-
tion the night of January 3 next We'd
nesday night.
u. A. O'Bricn has agreed to be pres
ent and tell the people of the advance
ment that has been made since his
last talk with them last summer.
The government approval Of III, plans
submitted by Mr.. 0'Brien has made IL
possible already through the guaran-
tees made by him on the strength Of the
guarantees that have been made "a
him by the people Of the Rio Grande
Valley and Pharr, for one, il going to
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
APPROPRIATION N
BILL FOR NAVY
PASSES SENATE
CBy The Associated Prcss.Ds


WASHINGTON. u. r.. Dee. ~ AT
ter the calming If the senate's three day
storm through the withdrawal NJ Sen
nior Rorah Of his proposal for a world
economic conference. the senate passed
the x.i2i.,Nh.nun naval appropriation
bill and adjourned over the New Year
No important changes in the naval
bill were made. The senate rejected an
amendment ~ cuT the navys personnel
from $1,000 To 90 600
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
SIX MEN BEAT TWO
FT. WORTH WORKERS

FORT WORTH Texas. Dee. 3d.
Ward St. John, aged II, freight handler
Of the Texas & Pacific, was manhandled
by a group Of six men and Frank
Brown. negro aged 40 was also
beaten. The two were beaten with a
hammer and roughly treated by a
crowd Of fifteen men shortly after noon.
Both men were told to quit their jobs.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
TO STAR FATTY

LOS ANGELES. Dee 3o.-Gavin Nc
Nab. San Francisco attorney who de-
Tended Roscoe G.. t"Fatty') Arbuckic
ia his three trials for manslaughter in
connection with the death Of Miss Vir-
ginia Rappe. screen actress, has organ
lied company to star the motion pic
ture comedian in the '.come back" he
plans. il was announced here tonight
by Joseph NJ. Schenck. producer. who
previously stated he would rc-cmploy
Arbuckle.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
GET TRANSCRIPT
OF MAYFIELD CASE
FROM CORSICANA

CbRSICANA. Texas. Dee. 20. 4
complete transcript and a sienographic
record Of the evidence given in the in
junction suit 10 keep the name 81 Earle
u. Mayfieid off The ballet. tried IN The
district court Of Corsicana. was delivered
In Luther Nickels of Dallas today. Nick
els Is the leading attorney for Map fields
OppenanfS
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
FALL HAS NOTHING
TO SAY REGARDING
RESIGNATION REPORT
fBy The Associated Press.

WASHINGTON. Dec. 30 Secretary
fall Of the Interior returned today
from Virginia where he had spent the
Christmas holidays. but declined to
make statement in regard TO the va
rious published reports that he CON
templated resigning from the cabinet.
When Secretary Fall accepted the
portfolio il was generally understood
that he did not contemplate serving
throughout the entire administration.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
FIRE DAMAGES HOSPITAL

ATLANTA. Ga, Dec s0-An occu-
pied ward in the Emory hospital loca-
ted at Emory University. near here.
was slightly damaged by fire at mid
night. The fire was extinguishcd after
all available Atlanta fire apparatus had
been rushed Ia the scene. The patients
confined in the hospital were not dis
turbed il was said.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
WEDDING Is CERTAIN

BASLE. Switzerland. Dec. 30
Friends Of Max oser Swiss fiance N
Mathilde Mccormick, daughter of Ha--
old Mccormick. Chicago, are sure that
the couple will Ne married sometime IN
January. The Mccormick party. accom-
panied BY Oser, has returned 10 Switz-
eriand from Italy, and Is visiting the
scenes of winter sports at Sc. Moritz
and Arosa.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
PITTSBURGH DEFEATS
STANFORD BY Is TO 7

STANFORD UNIVERSITY. Calf.
Dee. 30.-Thc University Of Pittsburg
defeated Leland Stanford university
today by score Of rs 70 z. During
most Of the game the Pittsburg eleven
proved superior.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
EXPECT BERCDOLL
WILL ARRIVE IN
PENSACOLA JAN. !
(By The Associated Press.l

PENSACOLA. Fla. Dec. 30.-The Ger
man steamer Jupiter. on which Grover
Cleveland Bergdoll. the draft dodger,
u reported 10 be attempting to enter
the United States through Pensacola. is
~.pcctcd 10 arrive here tomorrow or
Monday. The Jupiter sailed from the
port Of Fayal in the Azores on Dec
ember IL.
Local customs officers and Depart
mcnt Of Justice agents are keeping n
constant vigil for the vessel. and il
will be boarded Immediately upon its
arrival
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
M0yehomse Quiet Pending
Opening of Hearing g Next
Fniday0mK kidnapping Case
(By The Associated Press)

BASTR0P. La, Dec. 30.--Morehouse
Parish settled down to await the com
ing of Friday when the state will lay
its cards on the table in the More
house kidnapping and murder cases
The failure Of the state to make
more arrests during the past week has
given the Impression that additional
arrests promised will not be made be-
fore the day Of the open hearing.
In the meantime Investigations are
being extended TO all parts of the
parish. Reports of the Department OF
Justice agents that thcy believe
the activities of an unidentified secret
organization has conducted raids n
gainst the lawlcss element TO the
! observation-disclosures border.
The Louisiana Ku Kux has agents
in the field, il is reported, who are
attempting to find out the members
responsible for the Kidnapping of five
and the murder of two on August "a.
Former Judge v. c. Barnett OF
Shreveport announced that he has been
retained a. counsel for T. j. Burnett,
former deputy sheriff under murder
charge in connection with the case. Ho
said that in the event McKoin is extra
dited he would represent him also.
Witnesses who will prove that Nc
Koin was in Monroe at the time tn,
kidnappings occurred have been secured.
and positive alibi can be established.
his friends state. Dir. &. II. Gray. pres
ident Of the Fifth Congressional Dis
trict Medical Society, and two other
doctors asserted they were with DIR.
Mckoin in Monroe during the day and
until late at night on August "a. the
date Of the kidnappings.
BALTIMORE, Nd. Dec. 30-Indiea-
tions that the fight to keep Dr. B. NJ.
McKoin from being returned 10 Louisi-
ana to face the charge of murder in
connection with the Morchouse kidnap-
pings and murders will be continued
until the last, were given today when
his attorney, Robert G. Carmen, is
said TO have mentioned the case to
Judge John c. Rose of the United
States court
DIR. Mckoin spent the day in the hos
pital of the city Jail suffering from an
attack of bronchitis
Attorney Carman said he would max
20 further move toward obtaining Or.
Mckoin's release until after the extra
dition hearing before Governor Ritchic.
which ~ expected to be held Tuesday.
DIR. J. G. Hawkins. imperial repre-
sentative of the ku Klux Klan, an
nounced today that McKon j. not and
never has been a member Of his organi-
cation. He said the authority for hiS
statement came from the head of the
organization In Atlanta.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
INDICTMENT RETURNED AGAINST
EIGHT CHARGED WITH DEFRAUDING
GOVERNMENT IN CONTRACT AWARDS
(By the Associated Pressl

WASHINGTON, ID. G, Dec
and Department
with defraud
the administration Of
participated the unlawful Of
Of
of millions Of
Those named with Crowei William "A. Starrett
York chairman of the War Departments
construction Defense
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
OLD LAND OFFICE
EMPLOYE is DEAD

AUSTIN. Texas. Dec. 3d.. VI.
Galloway. aged 20 years. who had been
an employe Of the state land office for
fifty years and seven months, died to-
night. Galloway wGs granted vaca-
tion BIZ special act of the Legislature
recently 1T the completion Of half a
century of service in the land office.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
FEDERAL AGENTS GET
BIG HAUL OF MORPHINE

DALLAS. Texas. Dee. 70. Nor
pii'ne valued at $4,000 was seized and
one man arrested ar Thornton. south of
Mexia. according 10 reports mode by
federal agents to-day. The man was tax
en- 10 Waco where the charges against
him were filed.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
WANT NEW COLLEGE

SWEETWATER, Texas, Dee. 30.-The
fight for West Texas Agricultural
Mechanical college to he located some
where in West Texas, was renewed here
Friday night az a meeting of delega-
tions from various west Texas counties.
Speeches were made and resolutions
introduced calling on the legislature
TO establish the Institution in west
Texas.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
MEXICAN CONGRESS CLOSES
ITS SESSION AT MIDNIGHT

MEXICO CITY, Dec. 30.-Both
branches of the Mexican Congress
planned to work until midnight and
then set the clock hack if neces-
sary tn complete the pending legis-
lation before the regular session
expires.
a last minute conflict over the
appointment Of various court off,
cials caused protracted debate
aud the holding up Of several bills
on which no discussion was expect
ed
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
GERMAN PROPOSALS
ON PREPARATIONS IN
READINESS FOR MEET

BERLIN. Dec. 30-Germany's new
reparaions proposal ~ being held in
readiness awaiting summons from Paris
which mp to late hour had not arriv-
ed. Nor had II been evenly formally
suggested that such proposals would be
welcomed BY allied premIcrs when they
gather for the reparations discussion
Tuesday
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31

GALVESTON Statistics are being
prepared by the Galveston Commercial
Association with reference to Calves
toms position ms gulf port. Calves
ton handles more commerce than any
other port on the gulf. officers of the
association declare.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
LIQUIDATING AGENT
FOR RANGER BANKS

AUSTIN. Texas. Dec. 30.--F Gray
Powell Of German. was appointed liqui-
dating agent for the Guaranty State
Bank and Farmers Merchants State
Bank. both at Ranger. by Banking Com
missioner j. L. Chapman.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31

CISCO-The first annual banquet OF
the Cisco Daily News association
brought forth an array Of food. music.
and i"spiring talks. il is reported. May
or Williamson spoke on the opporton-
ties for service and the duties Of the
hoys to themselves and to their coun-
try.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1922-12-31
III. S. Ambassador
- - - - -
to Japan Plans S to
- -. - - -
Resign, is Report t

TOXIC. Dec. So Charles b. Warren.
United States ambassador to Japan.
will sail for America On January 25.
and after the necessary conference
with President Harding and Secretary
Hughes. will present his resignation, il
Is announced
He said that he came ~ Japan when
the relations between the two coun-
tries constituted 4 potential danger. He
added that he j. going away How that
distrust and dangerous suspicion has
disappeared in both countries. justifying
the belief that the present cordial re-
lations will long continue
tBy The Associated PrcssDe
WASHINGTON. Dec. 30.--The an
nounccTent Of Ambassador Warrcn's
resignation caused no surprise in
Washington. His desire to return to
his own affairs in this country has
been kEown for some time.