davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
Al DECISIONS HANDED
DOWN BY ASSOCIATION
Rusty" Bacon Is Prohibited
From Playing With Rich.
mond Colts.
IBy Associated Press.

AUBURN. y. V. March I3.-Forty-
one decisions affecting Players of the
minor leagues were handed down to-
DAY by Chairman Farrell. of the "Na-
tional Association of Professional
basebaH Players. which is holding
its annual meeting here.
Applications OF five players for re-
instatement were granted. thirteen
were denied. and four players were
declared TO be free agcnta
walter Rankin. formerly of the 81.
Louis Nationals. was rejected AS man
ager OF tho Amarillo. Texas. club
Lew Wendell was ordered to report
TO the San Antonio, Texas. club, while
Claude Davenport. formerly OF the
y. \. Nationals, goes TO the Green
Vile. s. G.. team.
The Crisheld. Md, club. which dis
puted the claim OF Baltimore for the
services OF Carl Dittmar, was victori-
GUS and the player was ordered u
report TO the former club. Rollo
Mapcls Will not he permitted to Join
the Louisville club under the boards
decision and Eddie Bacon Is prohib
tied from Joining the Richmond. Va.
team.
London. Ont. gets Charles Hixen
baugh. who also was claimed by In
lia napolis. and Neil Deigan Is nj
lowed to Join the Louisville club
Services OF Nate Hibbard are awarded
10 the Nashville. Tenn, club. and
Stanley Benton goes to Charleston
S. G. Walter Targcsscr must re-
main with Rufralo. and Ross Roberts
continues with Richmond. VA.
Carmen Hiil. former Pittsburgh
player, will play with Indianapolis
next aenson. while Frank Caperai
former manager OF tho Evc!ith
Mimi. independents. will not be per
mittcd to join the ST. Joseph. Mo
team. The application OF Jack
Snyder to join the Joplin. Mo. clul
was denied and he was transferred
to Denver. while John *. Smith VII
play with the Bradford. Ont. team til,
coming season.
The board decided 10 disallow tn.
claim of Hub Purdue against thu
Nashville club for Si.0SG.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
RUTH NOT TO RECEIVE
5000 FOR EACH HOMER
Miller Higgins Says "Bam.
bino" Will Be Paid Straight
Salary.
tRy United News.l

NEW ORLEANS. March 13.--Thc
story of Babe Ruths bonus agree
ment. fixing II price OF $500 for every
momentum he clouts In the season OF
1872. blew up with a bang today.
Manager Miller Huggins. OF the
fanks. said Babe Will get no such
thing as bonus.
Ruth will play on a straight sal
airy basis" Higgins said. "If. he
doesn't make single homer all tho
season. he Will still receive Just rs
much as he would IL he should make
II hundred"
1t was inferred from what HugEins
SAID that all of the Babes agreement
with the Yanks Is written into the
contract. which lie signed formally
on Sunday; In other words that there
is no side agreement.
The report concerning the bonus
emanated from Hot Springs. Ark,
where Ruth and Colonel II. l.. Hus-
ton. owner of The Yanks. after days
OF dicEering. and after hours Of long
distance telephone conversation he :
tween Huston ut the springs and his
partner. Colonel RUPERT In New
York. finally dipped n coin and
agreed on terms. The toss OF that
coin. won by Ruth. was said to have
made difference OF $4,000 Il year
in his salary. However. after the
terms had been agreed on tn. intima :
ton was permitted to go out that the
Babe was to get Il bonus Of $500 for
each home run.
The Yankee owners did not say
what Ruth was to get as salary. but
when Colonel Huston said II was n
| railroad presidents salary he also
| intimated that II was more than
| $4,000 year.
II may be that the Yankee owners
have taken alarm at the criticisms
| levellcd at them and the Babe for
making bonus arrangement. II was
quickly pointed out that pitcher
friendly to the batter might groove
the ball for him and permit him to
earn his $500 easily. II was oh
vious. too. that INSCRIPTIONS char
acters in the game, II paid on the
same basis. might agree TO split the
bonus with pitchers who should
treat them kindly. There was no
| suggestion. of course. that Ruth was
this type OF player. but those in
| terested In the game thought II waH
a bad precedent to establish.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14

landed left hook to jaw. Glib brought
UP right hook to body with lots OF
steam. Tommy blocked left swing
for chin. Greb rushed and grabbed
a deadlock on Glib. Tommy took a
left hook on hip and another on elbow
without harm. Glib joitcd Grcb with
body. Gil. hooked left to body. The
windmill bounced in landing wild.
Glib missed a right for chin. Greb
landed left to jaw; Grrb landed
round.
Hound Sevcn-Gib started the round
with left to chin. Grcb reeled after
him. swinging both hands wildly and
missing. Tommy blocked a left to
body and nut a left TO chin. They
traded against body in close, Greh
landed both fists TO head. Glib hurt
Greb twined himself about CHS
body once again. Glib ripped n right
TO face in close. Greb missed a right
again. shooting right TO face. Glib
put hard right to face and hooked
right and left TO face in close. Greb' 3
tights began to come off as Grcb
landed n hard right to body. Greb
whirled back at him and they were
wrestling catch -catch-can at the
bell. Gibbons round.
Round Eipht-Gib joltcd Grcb to
his heels with stiff left to the chin.
Greb hung on and had 10 be pricd of.
lie chung once more and Glib knock cd
MIN loose WIN II rlSnt nuncr the
short ribs. Glib sent his left to chin
twice. Grcb hooked four short rights
TO face and took Il hard right to body.
Grcb missed hard right to chin.
which landed on GIBBS shoulder. Glib
took a left than right on chin. but
he pumped n right 10 Greb's jaw.
Grcb landed a RICH; on chin. Glib jolt
ed him with a left to chin and body.
Grcb's right smashed Glib on jaw and
caught him again. Greb began 10
bounce and shot both fists In wild
confusion: most OF his blows Slipped
or. We're caught by Glib on the
shoulder. They were battling wildly
at the bell. Greh's round.
Round. Slne-Circb smashed Glib
with right hook TO chin. left Ia
body and a couple Of right lefts tO
face. Gibbons covered UP, for Grcbs
attack was too fast to follow. Grci
seemed to daze him with n light lief,
to chin, but Tommy's left came up
10 Harry's jaw and Grch stood on
rendering. Greb piled in again. but
missed or was blocked in half 4 dozen
swings. Gibbons was bleeding from
u cut on the left chcckhonc as well
as his lips. Glib took Il hard riEh;
on body. Tommy sent two hard lefts
to chin. but "Grcb came Whiriing in
again and Tommy missed Il left to
chin. GTchs round.
Round Tcn-Gtb hooked "A right 10
chin and left TO body. They
Continued on Page IL. Col. So
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
Ivy r.. v. Mitchell.

Monte Blue. the motion picture
star. who is appearing In person ut
the Colonial Theat"r. e. something
more than mere actor or II spn;.
ilSht fanatic. lie is an individual
with winning personality. an ex-
ceilent convcrsationalist. n sports
ran and somewhat OF taIkcr.
At least. this is the impression of
one assigned" to find out what the
star knew about sports" 1t was In
the Office of the Colonial Thcater
mat few minutes OF conversation
revealed Blue TO be n fine fellow
personally and one who not only was
interested In sports. but really knew
something about them. His shor,
talk TO the audience q few minutes
later left no shadow of doubt as TO
inc screen stars ability to make a
speech.
What sport do 1 like best:" he
repeated. when the question was pu,
10 hin. We'll. like horseback
riding. but don't think you can
class that as sport. for have spent
most of my life In the saddle. MY
sport is cow-pasture pool, and by
,hat l mean golf"
80 1t was an easy matter to sec
that he OF cinema fame entered the
class OF high public officials. bank
heads. railroad presidents and Sky
pilots"
But don't think that our subicc,
was ike q majority OF golf bugs -
'or he is both Interested and IA
miiiar with all branches OF snort.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
YANkS' STAR |NF|ELDERs
HAVE sNAPPY PRACTICE
Pipp, Ward, Baker and Scott
Engage in Fast Work
out.
INy Enitcd Ncws.1

NEW ORLEANS. March l3.-Thc
'mpenetrable infeld OF the Yankees.
the great layout OF stars whom Nam
aGcr Miller IIuggins expects to use
as regulars this season, worked out
together today for the first time this
year. There was Wallie Pipp. in his
old place at fist. Erin Ward on second.
and Frank Baker at third. while Ever
EFT Scott, the veteran acquired from
Boston. filled in at shortstop. The
boys worked at lightning speed for
nfteen minutes. whipping the ball
around the paths with ease. grace
and lack OF effort that were cntranc-
ing to the real baseball fan.
The second inhcld is an agErega-
zion that any manager might be
glad to have for his first defense.
This consists OF Norman Mcmillan
on first, Glenn Killingcr ut second.
Johnny MITCHELL at short. and Mike"
McNally. veteran of the worlds
series. at third. They also worked
out as an organization after the first
inhcld got through.
All the regular pitchers except
Carl Mays took the hill during the
workout and pitched TO the hiiters.
taking it easy. however, and putting
nothing on the ball. Waite lioyt. Joe
Busch. Sam Jones and bob" Hawkey
took their turns. Mays did little
pitching along the side lines.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
RICHMOND BOY TO LEAD
CADETS FIVE NEXT YEAR.
Ed" Ryder Elected Captain
of 1929 Y. M. I. Bias.
ketball Team.
MoNoGRAMs ARE AWARDED MEN
seven CnEers Receive Coveted Letters
FOR Efforts ON CUurt-ItecOrd SHOWS
CnGers Won Eleven Out OF Eight
cen Contests.
Especial to Tho Time..Dispatcb I

Especial to Tho Times. Dispatch
LEXINGTON. VA, March 13.-"Ed.Yl
Ryder. Richmond boy. has been
elected to captain the 1929 bias !
kctball team OF Virginia Military Iu-
sututc. and seven members of the
ls2l-22 squad have been awarded let
ters by the Cadets Athletic Council!
The letter men are: Ryder Captain
BuntinS. Campbell. Summers, Shan
non, Kyle and Drewry. W. Venubie.
who managed the team. also was
awarded n monogram.
Election OF Ryder to captain mex.
years i've followed n meeting OF this
years squad Immediately after its
members lad been awarded their let
ters. Ryder has played two years bn
the team at position OF guard. and
during the season which closed re >
Gently. was one OF the best players I'm
the South Atlantic Division. He is
quick, smooth Norman. wondc,
a, dribbl!nG, and an excellent shot
Although comparatively young
RIDERS natural ability as baske- :
bin player makes him an able lead
CT. He received HIS initial baskc' :
hall trimming at Jonn MARSHALL lIigA
SCHOOL. under Tucker Jones. and was
regarded as one of the best piRyer-
turned out at the Richmond inst,tu-
ton In recent years.
Kyle, Scmans. Saunders and Graz
VIII return next fall and with him
self Ryder Will have the nucleus for
! good team. Kyle anh Ryder VIII be
the only letter men To report next
year for the Quint. hut Semanx.
Saunders and Gray proved to be cx-
| ceiicnt second string men.
Captain bunting Was prevented
from playing I'm many Of the games
! this season, owing TO an injury ro-
ccivcd while playing football last
| fail. but the Cadets won eleven out
| OF eighteen contests on the court.
| Thcy registered a5A points against
! their opponents 43o. defeating TIA
kola. Universities OF Kentucky and
Tennessee, but lost to Virginia and
V. i. J.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
HEWITT TAKES LEAD
IN 500.BALL MATCH

Hewitt leads Callahan this morning
in pocket billiard Tournament he
the score OF $50 TO 224. after the com
pletion of two blocks of 500 ba n
match at the Richmond Hotel bill
Iihrd parlors. The match will be
completed this afternoon and tonight
on HaskIns' tables
Play started yesterday afternoon
ana Hewitt took the first block. I25
70 lla. High runs were: Callahan
54-2l -2l: Hewitt. 31-24-2l. Playing
was fast and the block required ONLY
ten innings. The night match wen,
In the second block were: Callahan
ISL BIB: Hewitt. 37-22-I4. This block
went twenty four innings, MANY
safety shots being made
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
BOYS CLUB QUINTET
WINS FROM HEBREWS
Second Team Defeats Oppo.
nents, 22-l5, in Hard.
Fought Contest.

The Boys Club second team tri-
umphed over the Hebrew Athletic
Club nuint last night by the score
Of 90 TO 10. The game. which was
played on the Boys Club gymnasium
was fast and hard fought. the two
nres being about evenly matched. AL
though the Hebrew team was con
sidcrably heavier than the victors
they were unable to use the weight
to advantage.
The visitors were leading at the
end of the tirst half. but. in the sec
ond half the Boys Club came back
strong and claimed the victory For
the victors. Cohen and Tallafcrro did
the best work, while Oppleman
played the best game for the He
brew team.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
SPIDERS TOssERs BEGIN
THEIR TRAINING THURSDAY
Dobson Orders Thirty-One
Candidates TO Remain for
Weeks Practice.

y squad Of thrt%-one aspirantS for
the baseball team of the University
Of Jsichmond have been ordered by
Frank NJ. pobson 20 remain Mt coll
icge after the completion Of the
spring examinations. Scholastic work
I the Westhampton institution will
ease tomorrow night at O'Clock
ana all students will he given a week
OF rest with the exception OF the
ball tosScrS.
Dobson has issued instructions to
the select thirty-onc" 10 report to
him on Stadium Field Thursday morn
ing At 10 o'clock for the initial prac-
ticc session OF the year ENaminu-
tons have prevented the Red and
Blue baseball squad from getting
down 10 active work, but the pitchers
and aatchcrs have managed to put
i'll 4 little time on the diamond. Light
batting practice has been started, but
the real work will begin Thursday
morning.
Two Sessions Daily.
Practice sessions will be held twice
daily, morning and afternoon. The
afternoon practice will start at :
o'clock. The opening saSnc of the
Spiders schedule is no; far In the
distance and Coach Dobson is anxious
To get line on his men. In select
ing squad OF thirty-one TO rema in
in Richmond the coach will have one
Of the largest squads IN the history of
the institution.
Veterans. last years scrubs, and
new men arc included in the squad.
The 1921 inficld consisting Of Berger.
first base; Jones. second base: Fray.
shortstop. and Towill. third base and
captain. will be available this sea-
son. thus giving the Spiders de-
pendabl inficld.
Star llurlcrs Return.
Johnson and Snead, boNmcn. who
won thoi:' letters last year. have re-
turned TO school and will do most of
the hurting for the Spiders. Patter-
son. second-string catcher last year.
is out for the position OF regular
b3ckstop. Scrubs from the 1921 team
are q. Atkins. II. Ewdards. l.. White
hurst, Parker. Cook. Richardson and
IieElcr. Cntried material consists of
Graves. Reams, Brett, Baugh. Alder
son. Robinson. Gard. Hickman, Far
rar. Eacho. Babcock. Curry. Allen,
Dorm and l.. Smithers
Work OF reducing the squad OF
thirty-one Will begin soon after the
examination and definite line on
the material and the prospects OF n
winning team ut the University of
Richmond Will be had then.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
Spiders to Compete
in Legion Track Meet

University OF Richmond will DO
represented in the American Le-
glon track meet to be staged ut
the Central High School stadium.
Washington. y. c., on May u. ~
full track team. Announcement
has been made that the Spiders
Will send n contingent of their
best men to compete I'm all events.
II Is said TINT the meet will be
one OF the largest ever staged In
the national capital and that
many OF the big Eastern colleges.
as well as Institutions In the
South Atlantic division. Will be
represented.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
)ECLSION OVER GIBBONS; " M T. F4ONORS LOCAL BOY
Hawaii and Rumania
Davis Cup Challengers
10y United News.

NEW YORK. March 13.--iIawaii
and Rumania have weighed in
with last-minutc challenges for
the Davis Cup, making thirteen
challenging nations. the largest
field ever entered. The Hawaiian
challenge was received from All
fred l.. Castle, of Honolulu. There
are many good players in Hawaii.
due largely to the exhibitions
played there by stars from Cali
fornia.
The Ruman!an challenge came
from Nicolas Mishu, OF the Ru-
manian legation. London. who was
one of the best players in Europe
last summer.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
STUDENT
MAKES RECORD SWIM
IRy Associated Press. ]

BUEEOS AIRES. March I3.--Romeo
Macicl. an Argentine student. ycstcr-
day completed n record swim from
Colonia. Uruguay, To this city, dis
lance Of forty-four kilometcrs (about
twcnty-sevcn milcS). across the Plata
Eastuary. He was In the water "a
hours 30hs minutes, beating the pre-
vious record by thirty minutes. This
Ii said TO be worlds record for re-
sistnncc S,yIfnming
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
RnnkIe,. Ea.t nnll l:nna

ST. LOUIS. March l3.-The ivory
polishcrs in the Cardinals camp mt
Orange. TEX. are writing letters home
about It huge Kid pitcher named Fast
from Nokomis. ILL.,. and former team
mate az Roy Davis. now with the
browns. Branch Rickcy, manager OF
the ST. Louis Nationals. is much in
tercsted in Barnes and has hopes of
bringing him along by as a standby
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14

summary: Field goals-Cohen "a.
Eacho go, Taiiaterro t2), Jones. Med
vedorn. Oppleman (2), Goldstein.
Fouls-'raiiaferro, t2). Oppleman (6),
Goldstein
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14
Canadians 10 pI,y ~


COLUMBUS. GA. March l3.-Exhi-
bition games with the Norfolk. Vlr-
ginia League club. at Norfolk. on
April 1915. are on the spring training
schedule OF the Toronto international
League club. announced here today.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-03-14

GcorgIn Tech to Play Tigcr,.
ATLANTA. GA. March l3.-Thc
Detroit American baseball team WIZ
play Georgia Tech here March lG and
II. IL was announced today.
The labor world., 1922-10-14
INCOME RETURNS
HOLD SURPRISES
Big List Of Million Dollar Earn.
ings Reported to U. 5.

Income and corporation tax re-
ports for the year ending December
81 show that there are 33 persons
in this country who have a yearly
income Of $1,000,o00 or more. There
are four persons who have a yearly
income of $5,O00,OOO or more.
The profits in industry is indicat-
ed by returns Of $50 corporations
which report clear income Of $5,-
100000 and over; S36 filed returns
of from $1,O00,0O0 to $5,00O,O00; L.
142 from s50O,00O to $1,Oo0,O00; g.
124 from s25o,000 to $500,OO0: S.
497 from 100000 to $250,0OO; 1902
from $4,000 to $1O0,O00;' 1894
from $4,000 to $4,000; 27,615 from
$1,000 to $10,000;. 46,s6S from $4,000
to $4,000, and 1905 reported net
income to $4,000.
These profits are net-after every
cost and charge, including interest,
have been paid.
The nupber Of individuals who
filed income tax returns were T.
259,944. This is an increase over
the previous year, but because of the
tenderness that congress has shown
toward large incomes. the returns
for last year are less than for those
of 1919.
The labor world., 1922-10-14
ARE SACCO.YANzETTI
"FRAME-uP" VICTIMS?

Dedham. Mass, Oct. AT her
hearing for a divorce, Mrs. Jessie
Henry odson stated that her hus-
band, now serving penitentiary
sentence for automobile theft, was
associated with the murders for
which Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo
Vanzetti are now under sentence of
death.
A vigorous agitation by workers
and syrhpathizers has been con-
Quoted since the trial against what is
declared frame up At the last
A. F. Of l.. convention a resolution
favoring a new trial for the two
men was unanimously passed.
The frame up charges are now
sunstained by Mrs. Dodson, who says
that after her marriage she discov-
cred that Dodsoh was gangster,
that he told her he received $1,000
for driving the murder car and that
Sacco and Vanzetti had nothing to
do with the killing of the factory
paymaster and his guard.
Dodson is now serving a term of
from three to five years for auto
mobile theft A peculiar coincident
is that the stolen car belonged to
Judge Webster Thayer, who pre-
sided at the Sacco-Vanzetti trial.
The labor world., 1922-10-14
COPPER BAR0NS
USE BLACKLIST
Punish Employees Who Voted
For Company Candidates.

In one of the bitterest political
contests in the history Of the Arizona
absentee copper barons, led by the
Inspiration consolidated copper COM
pany, attempted to capture the state
and county governments. The method
of the copper barons is shown by
the discharge of Edwin E. Hitler
from the employ of the Inspiration
company. Hitler favored the candi-
dacy of Cleve w. Van Dyke, a for
mer Minnesota man, who was op-
posed by the mining company. Hitler
was later discharged. The Arizona
Labor Journal published a photo
| reproduction of the letter, signed
by the general superintendent which
is as follows:
ITO whom it may concern: This is
to certify that Mr.. Edwin E. Hitler
has been in thesemploy of this COM
pany from June 1, 1913, to date. That
he has had charge, as storekeeper,
Of our mine supply warehouse, and
that his work has been satisfactory.
"Mr. Hitler is resisning this date,
probably to enter the employ of
Mr.. Cleve w. Van Dyke. Thomas H.
Donohue, general superintendent"
The letter is intended as a black
list. If Hitler shows it when seeking
employment, he advertises to every
| henchmen of the copper barons that
he is man of independent political
views, and that he supported a can
didate that the copper barons op-
/! posed.
The labor world., 1922-10-14
LARS0N'S RECORD IS NOT
FAVORABLE TO PEOPLE
Continued from page y

Continued from page y
Congressman Larson voted with
Newton and Knutson against a SO
per cent ssurtax on the income of
millionaire profiteers. President
Harding was in favor Of 40 per
cent tax and thought it would be
fair. Congressman Larson voted for
pie.
No Claim Oh People.
Now he has the boldness to come
before the people and ask them to
return him to congress when he
voted against them on every bill in
which the interests Of profiteers and
privilege seekers were concerned. He
has not been a good and faithful
servant Of the people and for that
reason he has lost his right to claim
their support in this election.
Former Congressman Carss, on the
other hand. gained the right to claim
the support of the people in this
election from the fact that his rec
ord in the house is 100 per cent for
labor and the people. He never falt-
cred on single vote. He stood like
adamant against the claims Of priv
ilege and the pressure it's spokes-
men have the faculty of using on
members of congress. He would have
been reelected two years ago were
it not for the terrific landslide that
swept Mr.. Harding and his party in
to power. It was a compliment to
him and his splendid record that he
came within 1000 votes Of winning
in district that gave Harding a
majority over Cox of nearly $4,000.
That situation does not obtain this
year. Both candidates have congress
siona1 records. Mr. Larson has served
and he has failed to vote for and
with the people on important meas
ures. Mr.. Carss has served and he
made good. His record has never
been attacked. 1t can not be at
tcaked. and that is one of the many
good reasons why he will be elected
in November.
The labor world., 1922-10-14
COTTON WAGES ARE LOWER:
MORE CHILDREN EMPLOYED

Wages Of cotton mill employees in
North Carolina were lower than for
the preceding two-year period, ac-
cording to Commissioner Of Labor
and Printing Shipman. The number
of men, women and children en-
ployed, however, "shows healthy
increase over the previous two years."
There were 4,894 children employed
in 383 mills. Adult males employed
were 46,324, and adult females en-
ployed were 27,754.
Commissioner Shipman makes this
humane observations: '"The extent to
which an industry gives employment
and the amount which it pays in
wages is a better test of it's import
ance, in many instances, than the
capital it requires, the cost of ma
terials, the N-.lue of products or even
the added value through the process
Of manufacture"