davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
"STATIC" AGCRAvATES
MOST EXPERIENCED FAN
Amateurs May Aid in Solving
Problem by Elimina,-
ing Obstacles.

WASHINGTON. April ij.-The radio
program, for this summer Will prob
hbly be enlarged to include many
political campaign speeches. but tn.
camralsn"rS Will run serious chances
OF losing tho election next fall ir
their constituents who listcn-in do
not bear in mind that static" will
play havoc with the best of radio
broadCasts
static" aEcravatcs the most cN-
r"ricnc"d radio fan What IT is and
why 1T * are known To all radio OK
pertS But how to eliminate static
Is absolutely unknown Unless the
'adi" fan remembers this he is liable
t" d" grave injustice 10 the man
who would represent him in Wash.
lnCt"n.
estate" is no r"spcctcr OF PCT
sons. II breaks in on q concert or
sermon, sounding ,ikc a bundle %!
hrecrackcrs with an accompaniment
OF canary bird whistles and mystic
ri"us scratching. y phonograph that
needs "IliuS has nothing on static.
Midday in midsummer is the timo
of minimum rad!" efficiency. when
static Is at it's worst Midnight in
midwintcr is the time OF maximum
radio efficiency, when static is prac
tically unnoiiccd. Thus radio fans
have nature itself to contend with
III summer time. Static happens to-
tn" best Of sets.
In view OF the fact that radio
hroaGCastinE on AN extensive scale
has been in existence for only It
few months and has not yet gone
through its first summer. experts
contend that the coming summer will
present obstacles that Will he thu
acid test OF radio telephony SO far.
While the radio fan il turning
his tuning knobs 10 bring back the
lost concert strains" experts suG
gest. let him keep an experimental
eve on his set and see il hc can dis
cover the secret OF eliminating static.
This Experimentation will lie .
real help To the government Every
radio fan should bear this in mind
and report his findings TO the bureau
Of standards or the radio division,
because they arc depending on tho
help Of the amateur in their export
mcnts with tho new art.
People should not he discouraged
from installing radiophones because
OF static. 1t really should cncour-
age them. Half tho fascination OF
radio is fishing in the ether for
bruadcastS. The apparatus Is far
from automatic. 1t requires cNrc-
ricnoc and II fair knowledge Of tn
science to attain the hest results.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
By nm Old Cob.

The veritable flood OF NOR. or less
rninitiatcd enthusiasts coming in,o
the radio world have little Knowledge
less '"legraphy and telephony has
chanrc! so remarkably during the
past several months that il is ncccs-
Sary tn refer to thu dark axss.' az
r"Hi" oftentimcs. While II is trus
mat the amateurs probably did mora
'hin any one class of workers to
develop the field. the real workers
include scattered army of serious
minded men recognized by the gov
"rnmemt as the only Official radio
men.
me Cob. or naval operator. worked
WIN quite different apparatus and
Under quite different conditions from
IN" experimental OF today. Realizing
INC romance usually attached :, Tho
III" oil radio man at sea. il oc-
CURED 10 me that a few incidents
"hich happened while was sta
''"hcd aboard an oil tanker of the
government used during the war 10
maui ammunition and oil across Tho
pond would not be amiss
Listens I'm ON signals.
AS radio operator it was very in
ttr"StinS 10 listen in on the signals
from the several stations from cane
Race TO Key West with the old Mar
COM type 106A receiver and her XIV
'Vc-'Sc!c transmitter. operating with
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
SAFEGUARD WIRELESS
EXPERT ADVISES FANS
Engineer Explains Danger of Faulty Installed Appara-
tus-Acral No More Dangerous Than Clothes.
line-Theory of Lightning.

cations. YOU should use Il No. COP
per wire. copper tubing quarter
inch outside diameter. or copper rib
Don thrcc-cights OF an inch wide or
the three, copper ribbon is the least
expensive. The ground conductor
must clear the wall of the building
at all points by at least fy. inches
ana should be mounted on insulators
which provide this amour, of clear
anc". Al! connections should be SOL
Irrcd.
Third. have the installation an
proved by your local inspector so
that in case any damage 10 the build
ing by lightning ever comes 10 pass.
the validity of tn" radio installation
VII! not be questioned.
Compare Merit. md Dement'S.
Many people are a; a loss to do
eide between Il lightning switch and
q grounded short gap. Both Of these
heF'c"S. properly structcd. are APP
proved by the National Electric Code.
Let us compare the merits and de-
merits Of both.
1Nc lightning switch costs more TO
buy. II must be operated manuaIiy
10 provid. the proper protection. but
when thrown TO the grounded POSI-
ton IL provides u more positive pro-
't''' '''''i iU' 'blA'b ShbTl gap,
win The lightning switch in a closed
position. heavy electric surge in
duccd In tho antcnna by "a bolt OF
lightning striking nearby. VIII pass
swiftly TO ground and damage to
your property Will bc a very remote
possibility Indeed.
The grounded short gap costs less
20 buy, and its operation is auto
matte. It does not. however. dis
courage discharge from entering
the building. as the wire leading to
n"ctcd directly To tho autcnna When
grounded short gap is employed.
nigh potcntials are often built up
within receiving set when a thun-
d"rs'orm IS in progress and tn" In
sulat!on within the set Is subjected
to heavy strains.
~ i"r self protection. We again
cmphasiz" tho remDt. possibility OF
personal encounter with lightning
d"" t" tn" existence Of radio equip
'a'nt in Your home. For safc,y's
sak". however r"spec, ,h.s. few
don'ts and You need never suffer dis
comfort
Don, attempt 20 operate tn" SO,
while Il local thunderstorm is in
progress. You can hear nothing but
static discharges anyway, the elimi-
nation Of which arc entirely lcyond
your control.
Don't touch tho ground wire or
tn. antcnna lead wire Will. the
storm * in progress
Observe thes. precautions also:
n YOU use lightning switch. throw
il over To ground before the storm
strikes 10 not touch the switch
while tho storm is I'm progress, even
though II may not be set in the
grounded position. Keep the win
dow next 10 the lightning switch or
grounded short gap closed until
storm is over. II your antenna lead
wire is brought In under the window
without any insulating tube, discor-
meet IL from tn. receiving set and
throw the FIRE" end out OF the win
hniN uniil tho STORM is over.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
HOW TO MAKE 4 SIMPLE RADIO
RECEIVING APPARATUS CHEAPLY

"t an inch thick. six and tnrec quar-
ter inches long. four inches wide:
one sheet OF bakclitc six and three
quarter inches long. four and one
quarter inches wide. ona-eighth-inch
thick and drilled as shown: three
nicklc- pla,cd binding posts: four
wood screws To secure hakeli,c front
IL base as shown
IInw To Stnrt u.
After you have secured the above
materials and with the aid OF "A screw
driver. paint brush, han. drills and
some orange shcllac. take cardboard
tube. give it Il good coat OF shellac.
after it is dry punch small holes
thrcc-ciEhts or an inch from either
end with darning needle. pass wire
through and tic. Allow abou; one
root TO make connections Wind
eight turns. scrapc a small amount
OF the insulation of and make your
hrSt connection or tap. tNotc-t'sc
a"out SIN feet OF wire and cut s.ine
mi" eleven equal lengths to use for
taking taps off OF the coil) BE sure
When taking taps from the coil tina;
connections arc tight. soIdercd and
'ahed. Take taps off the twelfth
sixteenth. twentieth. twenty-fourth.
i"rtieth, SiNiy-fourth, one hundrcd,h
ana last turn. Bc sure YOU hav. all
connections soldercd and tared be
cause YOU are WORKING with very
weak current and cannot afford to
let any icaky conditions exist.
A!ier YOU have the above work
done Shclihc the wlndines as this
VIII h"ip keep them in place and at
inc same time help keen III. mois
turc away, thus wardiur ofr ,-ro,,,,i.
FAX" the hard rubber or bakclt,e
ShcctinS and drill To take switch
points. binding post and switch lever
as shown ia III" drawing. brill also
'hree holes TO take one-cighth-inch
wood screws as shown To secure bake
NE front. Connect and solder tan,
starting from the left. as illustrated
secure coll to base with fibre strip
ana makC COnnG CtiOns ns .hAu-n
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
Radio Party Here

Arrangements for the first "nro.
icsSionaf radio party ever staged
In Ricamond were announced last
night by the special committee OF
technicians appointed by the Tri-
county Radio Club at the Monday
night meeting. An attempt will he
made 10 institute some variety OF
freak" amusement program in adj
dition to the regular concerts from
Pittsburgh. Newark Schenectady.
Mcdford Hillside, Detroit and Chi
cago, which Will be entirely novel.
1t is thought by the cxpcrts in
charge that music from some Rich
mond station Will be transmitted to
the local receiving station for. its
ampiincation. One OF the large halls
in the city is now under considcra-
ton for the event. and details Of the
entertainments and engineering fea-
lures are being worked out. This
occasion Will witness the first at
tempt TO use apparatus made BY
Richmond fans for the purpose OF
broadcast reception provided plans
now being considered are success
fun il was declared last night. Mem
hcrs of the organization and their
guests Will be invited
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
lily william g.. IL. Finch,

Associate Member Institute OF Radio
Engineers.
NEW YORK. April ia simple
radio receiver suitable 10 rccciv, the
radi"phone broaGcasts AMI telegraph
consists Of the following items. winch
VIII he treated separately
/. An inductanc. or tuning cola
by means Of which the wave length
OF your set may be tuned To Tim,
oil the station you desire 10 receive
? Crystal re.tiner or mineral di.
rector that will enable you to rcciify
OF make audio!. III. electro magnetic
wave carrying voice or telegraph sig
hais in your telephone receiver.
). High resistance telephone re-
cciver. the use OF which enables Won
10 near the weak currcn, rcctificd
by the detector
v FIXED condenser across tho re-
cc!Fer that stores UP the weak c,,r.
rents and then discharges them
through the telephone receiver
Aerial Il Essential.
=. Antenna, or acrial-A wire or
wires suspended in th'-,air and insu-
lated from all surrounding objects
being part OF the electrical system
by which the electro magnetic waye-
arc sent or received
o. Ground-May be a wire buried
in the earth ar an artificial ground
may be waite pine which completes
the radio circuit.
The first item to consider is the
tuning inductancc or tuning coil.
one that Will give good results may
be constructed rs follows:
Materials nccded-Cnc cardboard
tube one-siNtecnth Of an inch thick.
three inches in diameter. six inches
long: "ne-third pound of No. twenty
or twenty-five -. s. single silk
covered copper wire; one one and one
nan -ihch rad" switch lever and
hard-rnnher knob; twelve switch
points. one wood base thrcc-u,,artcrv
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
"OLD TIMER" TELLS
OF WARTIME RADIO
Life as Naval Operator Filled With Adventures Tn.
known to Ham of Present Day-Gives Messages
Suppressed During World War

British ships on GOO meters and
United states naval craft on o5o
meters.
MS outfit was n big. cumbersome
"hair' with all sorts OF funny diaIs
an" KNOBS. We used a crystal de-
uoeior IN those days and got results.
ne sending outfit consisted of n tor
-'e'e s2d noisy motor generator with
DIG panel mounted control. Every
l'h' we wanted a change OF yvayr
rvhs'h we shifted big hand lover.
ne aerial hung high In the air. !
N""W' because had to climb I'm tho
mast number OF times W. i,,
watches when we listened i'm and
Dpcral"d. Every night we copied
press and sent down a regular nevs
p"Pef Tor III" boys in the morninr
NhiIe going up the coast to- New
'"'N on our frSt trip We received
h"mpsr OF war warnings: tho subs
were thcn Just outside the harhor
ana We had to zigzag with consid.
cradle loss in time. on the Northern
coast We picked up an SOS from =
destroyer Just OF New York after n
s"niharine had been sighted They
had dropped a Few depth CHARGES
without result
The seas became roughcr and
~ Slii-' tossed ike old
tuh. sometimes fellow ,ould no,
ten whether he was going or com
ing. 1t was very difficult to opcrate
IN the radio shack. Just about the
time settled into the old chair
turned flip out on the floor.
Catch Few McssnEcs!
Despite the Interference in the
air and the Interference i'm the
room. we managed TO catch n few
messages all the same. Several DAYS
after we got to sea we began To co-,v
the other side with its high-powercd
sending stations. We heard Wash
lnGton fade out while Brcst. Eirel.
I3"cr and Nauen came in strong
We were then able to copy French
aud German press and COMPARE ,hc
TWO with considerable amusement.
The German high command was
thch at spa, Germany. the center of
'hc entire German military machine.
one OF the messages | remember
from Germany stated that the Ger
man ENJOYS hal tried to cross The
allied lines in automobiles and had
been fired on. Then q message was
sent the German command that an
American airplane would be sent
after the German with TWO white
lights as signal and flag Of
truce. They evidently crossed this
time.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16

BATTERY CHARGER
HELPS RADIO MAN
Advent Of Modern Storage
Battery Charger Effects
Saving in Cost.

"a" increasing use of tho storag,
pa''ery for the illumination or
'hcuuin tube iiiamcnts. the operation
OF the loud speaker and dozens OF,
"'her us"s about radio outfit. has
made the use Of some sor, Of 70
charging device not only advisable.
oht absolutely necessary with the
fadi" man. This instrument renders
i" double service If ;hc user has an
automobile and wishes TO charge hi-
own storage batteries for IN. car.
Early practice showed the faulty
operation and troublesome ine.i,.
cheney Of the cl.ctro!ytic tyne Of
charger. consisting OF lead and
aluminium strips dipped in Jars Of
r"ctifying solution. The magnet,.
r"ctihcr proved only a mediocre sue
cess. The new type rectiHcr has
been on the market sufficiently long
to prove decided success This type
Of charger operates on the theory
"f III" iwO-clcnent vacuum tube. or
tn" tube containing only q Glamcut
and Il small metal plate
Ionizc tho Argon Gns.
The essential part of the rcctiHor
~ buIb. or glass; tube. which con-
'ains cathode and an anode Tho
cathode Is short tungsten niament
and the anodc. or plate is a graph
il" disc The air from this bulb is
'''''i III 0Vh'' lIifI WIN
inert ArgOn gas. The vacuum tube
depends for it's operation on the
emission OF small particles Of mega
tive electricity called elcctrons frorr
the inCandesCeut filamcnt Of the
tube. The c!ectrOns themselves are
only current carriers. SO that con-
seducnuy the tube will rcc,ify only
small amour, OF current at "A com
para,ivcly high voltage
In the case Of tho r+ctifyiny bulb.
tn" clectrons emitted by the heated
hlament ionic tn" .iryon gas there
by making II conductive Of cleo
tricity. This !on!zed gas acts as the
principal current carrier. with the
result that tho bulb operates with a
very much lower voltage drop Is 10
10 and is capable OF passing cur
rent Of s""cral amperes
"Ifhlf Wave Rrctifcr.-
The action pt-this bulb is similar
TO oue.wa! valve. During one
half Of the cycle. electric curren,
flows through the bulb from anode TO
cathode that is from plate" to
'h!am"nt" But during the other
half OF IN. cycle no current can How.
Iicnc the term. half wave rectitier."
This type of r.ctiIi.r is noiseIess
easily operated and requires no at
,cn,ion from the operator. II Is au-
;pmatically thrown into action when
the tattery needs charging and dis
connected in Tho same manner
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
ST. LUkE'S HAS FIRST
HOSPITAL. RADIO HERE.

Installation o, a modern high
powered receiving station in the sun
parlor %, 81. luk.'s Hospital is
practically completed. according 70
u local expert now at work putting
the finishing touches on The station.
81. Luke's is The first hospital in
Richmond to realize the tremendous
recreation power Of the radiophone
and broadcast concerts
The OUTFIT Will include regcnera-
tive tuner Of the two-stage amplincr
type with loud speaker and power
amp!iformcr. enabling the station 10
receive practically every station
sufficiently powerful TO reach this
territory. Patients will he given an
opportunity OF enjoying the concerts
each night and for It Few hours dur
ing the day.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
Call Doctor. by RndIo.

Chicago doctors are planning to in
stan radio outfits in country clubs
and on the golf links. so that they
may be summoned by ailing ma
iicnts. The doctors information
bureau, with offices in the Masonic
Temple. was commissioned to find
out the best method for installing
such sets.
~ great number of the medical
profession arc golf fans" says let
ter from the bureau. land last wear
NC had great deal of trouble com
municatinS with them, to inform
them Of tho serious condition OF
their patients and other urgent calls.
We wish to obviatc that this year.
our business is that of keeping
the pRticnt III constant touch with
his doctor outside of his Office and il
has frequently been the means OF
saving lives. We wish To install radi o
OUTFITS on the golf links in order TO
locate and communicate with the
DOCTORS
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
Ancicnts Made Use of
system of Wireless

The auc!cnts communicated 10y
a system Of wireless known only
To themselves. Several methods
OF wireless communication in use
among the Indians and tribes of
other times and places are now
known to man. one WAS the
beating with large mallets on
stone firmly Embedded in the soil.
The receiving station" consisted
simply in the half-nakcd savage
with ear tn the ground or an
other stone. y code of signals
prcarrangcd made this Communi
cation possible. The chief use was
10 warn friendly tribes OF the APP
preach of the enemy. Then there
was tn. we'll known method OF
fires ana smoke. the nashinE OF
mirrors and the beating OF very
resonant tom toms. Solomon Was
right.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
1IMES-DISPATCH BROADCASTING
STATION MAKES RAPID PROGRESS
Entire Aer'al Construction Is Completed Transmi,-
ing Equipment Is Being Installed on the Tenth
Floor With Latest Radio Apparatus.

Erection OF The Times Dispatch
hr"adcasting station received an i'm
p"rtant impetus with the announce
rHcht OF the Chicago firm furnish
ing much Of the low frcuucncv an
paratus. that This equipment had
tecn shipped Friday morning.
me station is assuming more
dchh,tn form and completion with
the IashinG into place Of the two
large masts on the northwest and
southeast corners Of the tcn-storv
building. The entire aerial coustrur
ton was completed yesterday. and
the guy wires Made ready TO mill
into position the huge cagc-liIlc ar
fair which will radiatc waves ALI
over the country in the Eastern seq
ton.
representative of the radio dc
partmcnt yesterday inspected a
twin brother station in Washing
ton, ID. g., known as WMr. with In,
intention OF making The Times Dis
patch hroadcastcr ono Of the mos:
efficient l00-watt tranSmittcrs in the
East.
The TRANSMITTING equipment now
being put into position on the tenth
floor. is tho latest approved form Of
radio telephone apparatus. rmbrac.
ing two 5O-watt radiotron tubes.
Theoretically moduiatcd. with a
plate voltage Of 1000 supplied by u
special motor generator unit This
outht is exactly two times az power
ful as the OUTFIT which was used re-
Gently 10 send message across the
Atlantic Ocean.
The antcnna system consists Of a
regular Inverted Il" tyne of seven
wires some scvcnty-fvc feet long
with counierpoisc Of nine wires
nearly thirty feet below This .ys-
ten is expected to allow The radi-
alton Of an unusually pure or easily
,uned wave.
Receiving equipment 10 he used in
conjunction nnth Tho brnad.uut;no N
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
RICHMOND GROWS
AS RADIO CENTER

Richmonds rntrcc into the wire
less field is taking place with as
founding uuickness y local dealer
handling this apparatus reports or
dcrs pouring in from states all over
the Unio.., including number OF
shipments To Philadelphia. Detroit.
Michigan. West NirgI MIA and large
sale OF goods TO far-aT Canada II
is said that this is due To the re-
markably quick shipments made to
this territory. According To the in
creased number of orders received
here. ncccssitatinS tho attention OF
several people more than last
month. Richmond as radio center
will eventually be an actuality.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
beware "Iiooiic.' "vubrs

Amateurs are icing wurnoJ
against The purchase Of bootleg
vacuum Tubes. which are Illegally
manufactured in violation oC rn,ou,
rights held by the inventors The
"booilcGgcr" has no name slammed
on 1t. or forged name. and does
rot come in Il box stating that il is
licensed and by whom il is made.
some OF the "bootIcrErrs" viii work
ana others won't Five Of the illicit
tubes purchased in Hrooklyn were
tested. ana out OF the total only one
worked.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16

,,' comprises the usual form Of
Ht"S' ampiiiicr with u power
hmp'';"rm"r and loud sneaker Tho
'h'ir" OUTFIT will he worked by n sys-
''h OF rapid controls, allowing in
S'aht action in switching from send
ING l" receiving ana the control of
wave form. power and other factors,
completion Of the station is cxpcctcd
|" he effected within a short timc
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
Radio Teas in New York

NEW YORK. April I2-Radio
tens AT the Waldorf Astoria arc the
latest innovations. and since inausu-
rated this week have proved inter
csting and entertaining TO the folks
who gather there for their mid
afternoon refreshments
No longer does one 60 10 p.acnc,,
Alley 10 give every one and every
th'hS Inc once over. Radio has
changed this time hOnorcd custom,
and one now goes TO the vale of van
ny TO hear concerts by wireless
which are held twice daily, in the
afternoon and evening
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1922-04-16
Ho,c, Guc.t. rsc Radio

Communication between guests of
the Ritz-Cariion hotels by radio
phone is now possible due To the late
installation OF a modern transmitting
and receiving station IN tho Atlantic
CITY branch of the famous hosiery.
The new plant makes it possible for
guests Of each hotel not only to con
verse. but allows the intcrccption OF
outside messages. concerts and con-
vcrsations between other points and
the hotels.