The Raymer enterprise., 1922-01-26
SOME ASPECTS OFFARMERS' PROBLEMS
By BERNARD n. BARUcH
(Rspriatsd fron Atlantic Nlonthly)

VI Cute WY .tAuCu, Wuht tue kTedk
world was doing. The result Is THAT
the agricultural group is almost a.
much at disadvantage in dealing with
other economic groups as the jay farm
er Of the funny pages In the hands Of
sleek urban confidence men, who sell
him acreage In Central Park or the
Chicago city hall. The leaders Of the
farmers thoroughly understand this.
and they are Intelligently striving to
integrste their industry 80 that It will
he on an equal footing with other buSi-
nesses.
Az an example of integration. take
the steel industry. in which the model
Is the United States Steel Corporation,
with Its iron mines, Its coal mines, lts
lake and rail transportation. Its ocean
vessels, its by-product coke ovens, its
blast furnaces, Its open hearth and
Bessemer furnaces. Its rolling mills. lts
tube mills and other manufacturing
processes that are carried to the high
est degree Of finished production com.
patible with the large trade II has
built up All this Is generally conced-
ed to be to the advantage Of the con-
sumer. Nor does the steel corporation
inconsiderately dump Its products on
the market. On the contrary. It 30
acts that It 10 frequently stabliizlng
influence, a. II often the case with 9th
er large organizations. It Is s1naster OF
lts distribution A. well as Of Its pro-
duction. II prices are not satisfactory
the products are held back or produc-
tion 10 reduced or suspended. It Is not
compelled to send years work to the
market At one time and take whatever
1t can get under such circumstances.
It has one selling policy and it, own
export department. Neither are the
grades and qualities Of steel determln-
ed at the caprice Of the buyer. nor does
the latter hold the scales. In this sin
gle lntegration Of the steel corporation
Is represented about 10 per cent Of the
steel production Of America. The rest
Is mostly In the hands Of few large
companies. In ordinary times the
steel corporation. BY example, stabilizes
all steel prices. n this Is permissible
Ut 10 even desirable, because stable
and fair prices are essential 10 solid
and continued prosperity why would
II be wrong for the farmers to utilize
central agencies that would have simi-
lar effects on agricultural products7
Something like that Is what they are
aiming at
Some farmers favored by regional
compactness and contiguity, such as the
citrus-fruit- -raisers Of California, al.
ready have found q way legally to
merge and sell their products inte.
orally and In accordance with seasonal
and local demand, thus improving
their position and rendering the con.
sumer a reliable service Of ensured
quality. certain supply, and reasonable
and relatively steady prices. They
have not found 1t necessary to resort
to any special privilege, or to claim
any exemption under the antitrust
legislation Of the state or nation. With
out removing local control. they have
built up q very efficient marketing
agency. The grain. cotton. and to-
bacco farmers, and the producers Of
hides and wool, because Of their num-
bers and the vastness Of their regions,
and for other reasons, have found
integratIon more dlficult task;
though there are now some thousands
Of farmers cooperative elevators,
warehouses. creameries, and other en-
terprises Of one sort and another, with
q turnover Of 4 billion dollers a year.
They are giving the farmers business
experience and training. and, 10 far
a. they 20, they meet the need Of
honest Weighing and fair grading; but
they do not meet the requirements Of
nationally adjusted marketing In any
large and fundamental way.
The next step, which will be pat.
tern for other grcrps, is now being
prepared by the grain-raisers through
the establishment of sales media which
shall handle grain separately or col
lectively, as the individual farmer may
elect. II ID this step-the plan Of the
Committee Of Seventeen which has
created 20 much opposition and Is
thought BY some to be In conflict with
the antitrust laws. Though there Is
now before congress a measure de-
signed to clear up doubt on this point,
the grain-producers are not relying on
any immunity from antitrust legisla-
tion. They desire. and they are en-.
titled, to coordinate their efforts Just
a. effectively a. the large business In.
terests Of the country have done. In
connection with the selling organiza.
tions the United States Grain Growers
Incorporated is'drafting a scheme Of
financing instrumentalitles and auxill.
ary agencies which are Indispensable
to the successfui- utilization Of modern
business methods.
Il ID essential that the farmers
should proceed (. s...dually with these
plans, and aim to avoid the error OF
scrapping the existing marketing ma.
chinery, which has been 30 laboriously
built up by long experience. before
they have q tried and proved substi.
tute or supplementary mechanism.
They must be careful not to become
onmcqhpd in ftpfr own refOrma md