The labor standard., 1922-02-15

, try should be accompanied by in . creased returns to the labor which carries it on is accepted and carried
 into practice, and it has also become
 an accepted charge on capital to pro.
 mote the moral and physical well-be.
 ing of all the employees and thei1
 families, there the industrial strife
 which inficts such terrible losses on
 the entire community tends to cease
 Wherever employers admit employees to knowledge of their business, it's profits and losses, it's risks and advan- tages, it's hopes and fears, and also
 to a control, shared with management
 over the discipline of the works, the
 hours and the wages, while retaining
 in their own hands medical and nurs-
 ing provisions for their employees and
 facilities for play, recreation, educa-
 tion and social enjoyments, there new
 relations are established between
 capital and labor to the unspeakable
 advantage of both.
 Innumerable efforts in these direc-
 tions have recently been made in all
 the manufacturing regions of the
 United States, some by individual
 owners, some by firms and some by
 corporations, large or small. Some of
 these efforts have failed because badly
 conceived or badly managed; but all
 have succeeded for which has been 1 found a single director or manager possessing the needed personal quail ties as head or leader. A striking in-
 stance of that kind of success under
 very unfavorable| circumstances will
 be found in the Mitten Cooperative
 Management of the Philadelphia
 Rapid Transit Company from 1911 to 1922. Through the study and working ont of c11ch r,1apc Apon1ouorc and oYo-
 ployes are alike improved, and from
 these improvements spring bright hopes for democratic society.
 American trades unionism has learned much from the intense labor
 troubles in Europe during the years of active fighting in the World War and since the armistice;S but more from the British Isles than from the Conti- nent. The successive defeats of the revolutionary trade unionists in Great Britain during the last three years and especially the breakdown of the Triple Alliance, a formidable combi- and longshoremen with other marine transport workers, all organized in, strong unions under experienced lead CTS, were apparently due to two causes; first, the steadiness of the British public and their prompt volun- teering to maintain indispensable public services, and, secondly, to the moderation and conservatism of large numbers of union men, who were not willing to seize by force the inmedi- ate control of the principal British industries. In the United States, or ganized labor has always been com paratively free from the taint of so- cialism, red or pink, Russian, Jewish, %o1s o1+hn1Irh some of it's leaders have entertained the socialistic opinion that a union man who owns his house, or has a deposit in a savings bank, has really become capitalist and therefore an untrustworthy member of militant union or of the labor class. This so- briety and intelligence in the ranks of both British and American trades unionism may, reasonably incline any observer, sympathetic or unsympa- thetic, to believe that organized labor may consent to abandon before long policies which are demonstrably bad in their effects on the individual work man and have become unnecessary, though formerly indispensable.
 Need of General Survey
 There is great need of thorough survey by board of competent ex- perts to ascertain what capital is now doing toward admitting labor as partner, giving labor knowledge of the work of each separate plant. and a larger share in it's profits and accept ing large responsibility for the edu- enioyments of their employees and their families. ,Such board would need to be clotiieds with adequate authority; for there will be consider able difficulty in getting at the facts on this subject. Many owners and managers attach high value to their recent inventions concerning cooper ative action between employers and employees and are reluctant to reveal these assets to their competitors. Other proprietors have adopted schemes which have met with only partial success; and they want time to improve them before they are pub- lished. In general, owners and man. agers are averse to Government ln- uuiries into their doings. Labor, on the other hand, is in cautious and inquiring state of mind with regard to these new performances on the part of capital, enjoys the new, benefits 1t is receiving, but wonders why capital is conferring them, and whether they are going to be permanent. Hence labor, like capital, is likely to prefer privacy in these matters to publlca- tion.
 The survey should not only state the facts with regard to the industrial already started, but should demonstrate the need of much time for further experimentation and study. Time is needed for further trial of the method of discussion and in industrial disputes--l the only successful method in political conficts-and for further experience with the method of conference fol- lowed by arbitration. The best mode of constituting an arbitration tribunal is not yet thoroughly worked out, presumption has been es- tablished against tribunals represent ing labor, capital and the public, and in favor of tribunals representing | the public only. Nobody knows in how many hours of work per week for each individual workman the total needed work of the civilized world, outside the tropics, can now be per canx,oJ xr,:4Lo,,t h,,r&ipr tho yuorly are |