The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1922-03-10
National Industrial Conference
Report Says Problem War .
rants Deep Study.
MANY WHO WILL NOT WORK
Factors Entering Into Relations Be-
tween Employers and Workers
EmphasIzed-Averaoe Worker
Loses AZ Days Year.

New York.-Unemployment Is q
continuous industrial problem, suffi-
cient In Importance to warrant con-
certed effort by economists and bust
ness men to remove certain Of its
s causes, Is the stand taken by the ma
tional industrial conference board, In
a report on 1.-The Unemployment Prob
lem" The report gives comprehen-
sive survey of the extent Of unem-
ployment during normal periods and
during the present business depres-
sion, discusses the causes and analyses
remedies suggested.
The object Of this study Is to set
forth fundamental principles to be tax
en- into account In considering the
problem, derived from analysis Of data
and experience. and from basic eco
monte considerations, In order to pro-
vide a guide by which employers or
organizations may approach their I'M
employment problems more intelli-
gently.
"The report" says statement from
the board, "makes careful distinc-
ton between idleness and unemploy-
,ment, which refer to very different
causes. Idleness proceeds from three
principal sources: Unwilllngness to
work on the part of those who are
capable of performing work; disabil-
ity, physical or mental. Of otherwise
willing workers, and lastly, unemploy-
ment Of those who are capable and
willing to work. but cannot find work
because Of Industrial EMBELLISHMENTS
within the plant or industry, or be-
cause Of general economic conditions
at home or abroad.
Causes Of Unemployment.
The statement then takes up the
causes of unemployment. They fall
into two classes. described in the re
port as follows:
1. Internal causes arising from con
ditions within individual manufacture
Ing plants. These embrace:
(a) Personal factors such as strikes
and lockouts, and disability; (b) Inn
personal factors relating either tC
failures Of management, resulting ir
faulty factory organization, TO high
production costs within the control OF
management, Ineffective sales methods
lack Of materials and equipment. high
labor turnover, or to failure Of EN-
ployees because of inefficiency, or tC
the displacement Of hand labor by
machinery.
In the aggregate these causes pro
duce q more or less continuous per.
eentage Of unemployment from month
90 month and from year to year.
2. External causes due to influences
operating outside of the plant. These
are:
(a) OF economic origin. resulting
from seasonal variations, business de
pressions, wasteful systems of com
modify distribution, deficient labor
placement facilities; (b) of political
origin, due to immigration and tarifl
bolicies and international relation
ships.
TT Is estimated" the statement says
~that In 1920 the total number of per
IONS engaged In gainful occupations In
tho United States was about 41,00O.
90. Most of the available employ
spent statistics pertain to wage-earners
In the groups Of manufacturing and
mechanical Industries, which numbered
In 1920, about 12,SO0,OO0. During nor
NAL times. It is estimated that about
1,8OO.OOO of these are out of work
since, on the average. about AZ days
per year, or about IA per cent of his
total working time. Is lost by eash in.
dustrial wage-earner. About seven
days Of this lost time is due to sick.
ness. Deducting this. the total loss