davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-04
Water Storage System.

There has been one extensive. sue
cessful experiment in this country
along lines heretofore found feasible
Company which operates network
Of interurban electric railroads
through the state has established a
system Of subaqueous storage. II
has been learned that coal can be stor-
ed under water. This keeps the air
| from working its deleterious effects
/ on the coal and also prevents spon-
/ taneous combustion. It is a curious
fact. however, that a small quantity
Of water will not prevent. but stimu-
lates spontaneous combustion. Merely
to moisten coal or have It half cover
ed viii set II afre. Many Of the
bunker fires on ships arise from leaks
TO effect proper and safe subaqueous
storage. the coal must be wholly sub
merged.
The reason this has not been resort
ed to more generally Is that such a
rtorage plant Is expensive. The Il
linois Traction bins are vast concrete
lined basins. The handling of the
coal is multiplied because il must be
mined, hauled TO the storage bins
dumped in. flooded. Then when Goa
from the bins is needed. the water
must be partially drained off, the Goa
hoisted and transported again to ths
point Of consumption. However, ir
some cases. the cost of such storagt
S regarded as well spent in that il
provides insurance against suspension
due TO shortage of production, strike:
or interference with distribution.
Recent investigations by the Bureau
of Mines reveal that the dangers o.
spontaneous combustion are not s.
great as they have been considered il
the past. The most recent study
made by o. p. Hood. Chief Mechanica
Engineer Of the Bureau, shows tha
the combustion Is caused by the sur
face heating of the coal The contac
between the oxygen in the air an,
the infiammable elements in the Goa
causes the heating which increase
TO the point Of combustion. Mr.. Hoo,
points out that the surface presente
by ron of coal is tremendous. Fac
lump presents a surface and so doe
each powdered grain. The norma
coal pile is not so tightly packed as t
prevent the passage CT the oxygen
bearing air through interstices {
practically every particle of the Goa
One Surface Acre Per Ton.
When all these minute surfaces eS
posed 10 the air are added by Mr. Hoe
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-04

washington, August 4--The pro-
troc,ed coal strike has act experts oi
the Federal Government to studying
anew tho problem OF the storage OF
coal on large scale.
Aside from the expense OF extra
handling and equipment. there arc
two major reasons why coal cannot
successfully be stored. Tho first is
that when exposed to the air. coal
gradually loses It's combustibility--
that Is, its burning and heating
qualities. Tho ages produce coal by
crushing decayed vegetable matter
under great weight and pressure In
the depths OF the earth, far from at
mosphore. When coal Is brought TO
the surface and exposed TO the air.
nature starts to undo the process and
take the elements Of combustion
away.
| The second reason is that, through
some chemical or physical action q
the air upon coal which has been taken
from the mine. the product generates
heat of it's own and spontaneous com
bustion results. This is one OF tht
mysterious forces of nature which has
hafred many scientists and engi-
neers. without the application Of anJ
external heat or innamatory matter
o. pile Of coal sometimes will ignite
Itself and burn with dangerous inten
sity.
This phenomenon is encounteret
most frequently at sea. Steamers mus
store large supplies Of coal In theil
bunkers. The frequent result Is bun
ker fire, caused almost always b.
spontaneous combustion.
Every American who reads news
papers and learns OF coal strikes an'
shortages of coal due TO car conges
ton on inadequate transportatioi
facilities has asked the question; VIII.
not keep the mines running and stor
the coal in piles? The foregoing ar
the good and sufficient reasons.
These obstacles TO coal storage mea
that coal cannot be mined until ther
is a quick market for IT, The denan
for domestic coal for heating an
cooking is fairly steady and can b
, reckoned upon, SO II Is possible r
mines to keep a fairly steady suppl
of coal moving TO retail dealers. b.
, for the great industrial consumers III
task is more difficult. Factories hat
beom periods and slack period
4 Their demands for coal vary. TT
o result is that the coal TO fill q lers
order for mill or a public utility
n not taken out OF the ground until II
coal company has obtained the orde
In boom times when factories 81
Z running full blast. the orders come
Il fast. Then follow feverish efforts
n get the coal out. But here anoth'
v factor enters. II is no use to brir
q the coal UP above ground unless ca
are available to take II away. Wi
G everybody demanding coal at ono
n the railroads cannot supply cars rapi
~ enough to take care Of all demand
f All these circumstances point TO Il
Q desirability Of devising plan for 8
storage of coal
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-04

A big buy at small cost--sn Every
Evening want ad.-Adv.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-04
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

Any reader can get the an wer 70 any
question by writing Every Evening lnfor-
tor. Washington. n. q. This offer applies
strictly 10 Information Tho bureau can.
not give advice on legal. medical and
settle domestic troubles nor 20 undertake
exhaustive research on anysubtect Write
your questions plainly and briefly. Give
full name and address and enclose Two
cents in stamps for return postage. All
replies are sent direct TO the inquirer,
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-08-04
JUST FOLKS
By Edgsr A. Gusst.

Copyright 1929 by Edgar A Cues.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06

good by the Increased production of
Spain, Portugal and Sweden. Ger
many and the Danube States are pro-
ducing not much more than half a
normal crop. Under normal condi-
tions the Danube States have sup
piled much of the wheat consumed
in western Europe. competing for the
market with Argentina, Canada and
the United States.
The owners OF the great estates in
these countries grew full crops of
wheat; the peasant owners OF the
small farms into which the estates
have been divided are not growing
it, and the shortage of the crop OF
export wheat reduces the world 8
supply to pretty near the famine mar
gin. The problem OF restoring nor
NAL yield will require time to solve
and the education Of the peasant
farmer is not the least important
feature of the problem.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
Population Forecasts.

In his recently published work,
vital Statistics" Professor GEORGE
CHANDLER WHIPPLE of Harvard Uni
versity predicts a marked slowing UP
in our population increase. From
1890, the year of our, first census,
down to 1860 our increase rate re-
mained very steadily at about 3 per
cent. a year. From 1860 to 1910 the
average increase maintained was 2
per cent, while in the $1,000 decade
1t fell to Ia per cent.
The civil war at once suggests IT.
self as explanatory of the first drop
and the world war OF the second.
Hut in Professor WHIpPLE's opinion
the wars do not wholly account for
the decreases. Economic and bio
logical forces are largely responsible.
and these forces, he thinks, will be
increasingly repressive in decades to
come.
AS matter OF fact, arguments
adduced indicate that economic
forces alone are ultimately respon-
sible, for the biological factor is so
intimately associated with the eco
nomic as to be practically sub
merged in IT, Economic conditions
not only directly affect the marriage
and birth rate but largely control
immigration and emigration.
This last proposition has little
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
Sidetrack 1t Foreverl

Some idea Of the immense folly Of
the bonus grab must be entering the
heads of members Of the House Of
Representatives. Otherwise there
would be no accounting for the ac-
ton of the conferees in laying the
bonus bill aside until an agreement
has been reached on the tariff.
All four Of the House conferees
voted to sidetrack the bonus, and as
Senator SMoor wants to see the
bonus not only delayed but killed
he Joined them and made the vote
5 to for postponement. Senator
McCUMBER. who was supported by
the Democratic Senators, WALSH and
SIMMONS, in his effort to put the
bonus through ahead OF the tariff
BILL said that the differences be-
tween the Senate and the House on
the bonus bill could be adjusted in
two or three hours, while the tariff
bill would take weeks.
That is true. There is no real
disagreement between the bonus bills
of the two houses of Congress. Each
seeks to spend five billions of the
public's money principally for the
benefit of politicians who hope that
the huge gift will see them safely
through their next campaign.
Perhaps the House members of the
conference committee noticed in the
newspapers yesterday morning that
the United States Treasury is con-
fronted by deficit of 100000, 900.
Perhaps the Representatives in gen.
eral view with apprehension the pros
pect OF going back to their tax ridden
districts with the tidings that they
have added a five billion dollar bur-
Gen to the load under which Ameri-
cans now stagger.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
The Unterri6ed Public.

Last Friday, the eve OF the triple
holiday which wound up the vacation
season, the local strike committee OF
the striking shopmen issued a warn.
ing to the public. stay off the rail
roads during the Labor Day mob" 1t
read. Those few people who believe
the optimistic statements of the ex-
ecutives will be consider
ably put out IL they depend on rail
road travel this week end"
AS it turned out. those few peo-
pie" numbered several hundred thou
sands. They went on their holiday
trips as calmly as IL they had never
heard Of the strike or the strikers
warning. Were they considerably
put OUT? Not to an extent that any
observer, either prejudiced or un-
biased, could notice. 1t is true that
some Of the sections of important
trains were a few minutes late, but
they were, not later than is usual IN
any three day summer holiday.
The railroads in this part of the
country lived up to the rosiest fore
casts Of their executives. Evidently
as many engines and cars were at the
public's service as the lines are ever
able to marshal for the last rush OF
summer. Even the flood caused by
the heavy rainstorm Of Monday af-
ternoon failed to tangle traffic for
more than an hour or two.
1t is likely that the strikers COM
mittee knew that their warning to
the public was made Of whole cloth.
They knew that the railroads would
keep on doing business as usual. The
object of the warning was to scare
the public. But the public is hard to
scare. Just after the Wall street
bomb horror some crank warned the
public that the Custom House would
be blown up at noon the next day;
whereupon thousands of the unter-
rified gathered at the Custom House
to be "in on" the event.
The present case was milder. The
public knew that the railroads were
running their trains. The public
knew, on the eve of the holiday, that
the Government had determined to
end interference with the railroads.
And the public, which outnumbers
all the possible organized strikers in
the country in the ratio Of 100 to 3,
had an admirable contempt for such
warning as the shopmen's COM
mittee issued.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
Longfellow Denied 1t.
Not the Author Of the Poem About
Mr.. Finney, He Wrote.

To THE NEW York HERALD: ! have
been interested in the letters referring
to an alleged poem of Longfellow. pur-
porting to be a composition of his writ
ten when he was seven years old.
That story OF Mr.. Finney and his tur-
nip is as old as Methuselah, and there
Is not a particle OF truth In the state
ment representing II as a production of
Mr.. Longfellow's. Back in 1881. when
was the junior editor of Our Work at
Home. n magazine at that time pub
lished in the city OF Albany. Mr.. Finnoy
and his turnip was then going the rounds
of the newspapers and magazines. its
authorship at that time. as now. attrib
uted to Longfellow. / clipped 1t from
a paper and sent 1t to Mr.. Longfellow.
asking him If he wrote Il. The following
is copy OF the answer I received:
PORTLAND, July IL. 1881.
DEAR MIR. SANDERsoN /: am happy to
say that never wrote the lines you
sent me: that never had a school
master by the name of Finney; that I
near II.
These lines are the work OF some
wag VINO wishes to amuse himself at my
expense. Yours truly,
HENRY w. LoNGFEILow."
The above ought to be strong enough
proof to dispose of the statements of
your correspondents that Longfellow was
the author OF the twaddle attributed
to him. GEORGE SANDERsoN.
NEW YORK, September 5.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
VIII Take Curses From the Prayer Book
Episcopal Bishops Also Expect to Shed New Light
on the Commandments.

In the marriage service is that which
would make the reply of the bride the
same as OF the man in the sentences OF
espousal of the Episcopal ceremony.
This means that the word 'obey''
would be eliminated, leaving the vital
sentence to read''to love and to cherish
till death US do part"
Proposed changes in the .psalter are
not so vital as some have supposed they
are. based upon newer translations con-
sidered to give better shades OF mean
ing than the older ones.
Taking the curses out of the Book or
Common Prayer will be one OF the tasks
OF the bishops. AT least. many of the
pleas for vengeance will be toned down
or so marked that they can be used or
not at the discretion OF the minister.
Workers were busy late tonight get
ting ready for the great opening to-
morrow morning. Delegates were pour
ing into the municipal auditorium all
day registering for the opening. Old
friends. many OF them pioneers i'm the
growth of the church along with that
of the country during the last fifty
years, were recounting experiences of
the years gone by.
The hotels are crowded with the
churchmen from over North America
with sprinkling OF religious workers
from other corners OF the globe, particu-
larly southern Europe.
Bishop Daniel Sylvester TuttIe. presid-
Ing Bishop. this morning entered the
room where the House OF Bishops was In
session. The Bishops. young and old
perceiving the venerated patriarch,
Jumped 70 their feet and gave him a
welcome that would put to shame the
average college audience greeting a
favorite football hero. The Bishop. not
withstanding all his IS years, walked
briskly down the aisle. escorted by
Bishop Walter T.. Sumner Of the diocese
OF Oregon. He spoke few words OF
greeting, exchanged a few handshakes
and returned to his hotel.
About five hundred deputies had reg
istered at o'clock this evening and
more were expected.
One hundred and ten Bishops have
registered. On account of the great
crowds and demands for seats, tickets
have been distributed for the session to-
morrow morning. The doors will be
opened to tho public a half hour before
the convention is scheduled to start
The keynote sermon OF the convention
will be preached by Bishop Edwin s.
Lines OF Newark, N. J. Corporate COM
munion will be celebrated by the Bishops
and deputies at Trinity Church at Z 80
Tomorrow morning.
The women's auxiliary will celebrate
communion at the cathedral and the
Daughters Of the King at ST Marks.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
The Harvest Moon.
Look at Her Tonight In the Beauty
OF Her Fnllness.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: Septem-
ber's harvest moon comes rather early
this year. September 4 Is Labor Day
and September s marks the end OF dog
days. Then on Wednesday. September
6. we behold again the beautiful har-
vest moon.
II is certainly the most glorious of all
moons. Looming large, Il rises slowly
over some pine fringed knoll. Round
and white, Il ascendo higher and higher,
like a silvery pearl set within an ebony
frame. Softly II shines upon meadow
and meadow brook.
ornamental suns and satellites grow
dim In the placid presence OF Septem-
ber's harvest moon. Amid It's delusive
light the outdoor world becomes unreal
and spectral. Over dale and hill there
lies a shimmering veil. veritable fairy
land. Earth and sky seem unnatural,
yet everything is peaceful and every
thing Is beautiful.
CHARLES MEYERS HOLMES.
NEWTON, NH<s.. September 2.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
Making Coal by a Law.
The Principle Of Bonus Finance Ap.
piled to the Fuel Supply.

To THE NEW York HERALD: AS 1t
seems certain that the supply Of anthra-
cite, If we get any. will be at best In
sufficient for the public need I venture
to propose simple remedy.
Let Congress. which is prolific In
measures for the general good. immedi-
ately pass a bill providing that during
this emergency a ton OF coal shall con-
sist of one thousand pounds instead OF
two thousand. as at present. or twenty
two hundred and forty pounds, as in the
happy past.
BY this legislative expedient the house.
holder who thinks he has five tons In his
cellar will at once have ten tons and
the supply in the hands of the coal deal
ers will be automatically doubled. This
should enhance the merchants modest
profit and allay popular discomfort.
If the cold light OF reason should DO
thought an unsatisfactory substitute for
the warmth OF the furnace re-
spectfully submit that it is just as
practical to legislate non-existent coal
into the bin to warm the average citizen
as it is to legislate non-existent money
into the Treasury to pay a five billion
dollar bonus LIrrLEToN.
NEW York, September 8.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06

bearing on present abnormal world
conditions. The upheavals of the
war and the. disturbances following
il have created semi-panicky men
tality among the more or less foot
loose peoples of the countries most
affected. But for our recent immi-
grafton restrictions this state OF
mind would have resulted in our
being inundated with flood of Inn
migration utterly beyond our powers
of absorption, let alone assimilation.
As 1t Is, immigration legislation has
eliminated this element for the
present in this country.
Professor WHrPPLE is of opinion
that for the next fifty years our an
nual growth in numbers will not ex-
ceed 1a per cent. a year. At that
rate our population fifty years henca
would be 200,O0O,000. Even at per
cent. increase per annum our popula
tion hundred years from now would
be $50, 100000. Evidently" says Pro-
fessor WHIPPLE, "the rate some time
in the near future must drop to much
less than / per cent. a year or catas-
trophic wars will occur"
AS illustrative of this he points out
that at per cent. annual increase
our population in the year $500
would reach the impressive figure of
2,110,000.000 Five hundred years
from now is long spell ahead and
we need not inject its population or
other problems into our present day
sufficiently large and varied assort-
ment OF worries. None the less Pro
fessor WHIpPLE's interesting compu-
tations suggest serious questions
which will press for solution on
Americans now living. The time for
pride in mere numerical strength has
gone by. 1t Is not the quantity but
the quality of our human exhibit
which must concern tLo oncoming
generations most.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
BLOC ASKS HARDING
FOR A DIRT FARMER
Urges Appointment on Tariff
Commission.

Special Dispatch to THE NEW Yoxx HnAsx.
New York Herald Bureau
Washington, ID. G.. Sept. q
The Senate agricultural tariff bloc
headed by Senator Gooding (Idaho),
called upon President Harding to-day,
and urged the appointment OF a "dirt'
farmer on the Tariff Commission as the
successor TO Thomas Walker Pags OF
Virginia, whose term expires In q few
weeks.
Senator Gooding was accompanied by
Senators Cappcr (Kan.). McNary
(Ore.) and Bursum IN. M. They told
the President that it is vital to agri-
cultural interests that at least ono
member of the Tariff Commission be a
man who understands the farmers
problems and Is in sympathy with his
eeds.
President Harding gave a sympathetic
ear to the suggestion, but did not indi-
cate he would carry out the proposed
program.
After the conference Senator Capper
said that the committee had suggested
no one for appointment on the Tariff
Commission to tho President. How
ever. there was report at the Capitol
that tho committee Is favorably dis
posed toward the naming OF J. r. How
ard. president OF American Farm Bu-
roau Association, for the place.
The New York herald., 1922-09-06
Why Exempt Labor Trusts?
One Privileged Class Not Affected by
the Sherman Law.

To THE New YoRK HERALD: There
is one very obvious answer to the ques-
tion of your correspondent Inquirer
concerning conspiracies. which, however,
involves further question of a radical
nature.
The Federal antitrust law. commonly
known as the Sherman law, was enacted
FOR the purpose of restraining trusts and
preventing and furnishing conspiracies
and combinations in restraint of trade.
But this law expressly exempted labor
unions and other similar organizations
from its provisions.
Thus began the formation in this coun-
try of a specially privileged class, which
grew by years. has been growing most
arrogant and insolent in its demands
OF law and Government and in effect
claims to be above them. These labor
organizations, as by this time must be
abundantly clear even to the most slug
-ish intelligence. are themselves trusts
and trusts of the most tyrannous, fla
grant and pernicious type.
The question which arises, therefore,
and which have never yet heard an
swered, or even attempted to be an
swered. is this What good or other
reason existed at the time for the afore-
said exemption OF these unions? And
even though good reason may have
then existed, what good reason or what
other reason whatever cave only the
supins apathy or ahortsightedly selfish
political cowardice of majority OF
members OF Congress now exists for
not Immediately repeating this exemp-
ton provision and bringing this par
ticular class OF trusts along with other
trusts within the operation OF the law?
Meanwhile, we have reason for devout
thankfulness that at this time at least
we have in the White House real man
with q due and conscientious regard for
the duties OF his office and the unsel1sh
courage to carry them out.
GEORGE WESTERvELT.
New YoRK. September 5.