New-York tribune., 1922-04-02

t4Eatt W pEtfFs. ISNuHi ]" III
prison. The Ali Brothers
sre in prison. But the joint agitation
which they conducted for the rcsuscita-
ton Of Turkey and the restoration to
tie Sultan the Moslcr Csliph-cf
h,s temporal power in the seat of the
Caliphate has worn down the British
ebstinscy and forced Lloyd George to
rake another OF his brilliant shifts.
The "sick Men Of Europe" was to be
thrust back into Asia because Of his
many pertidies and HIS unepeakable
war crimes. He was 30 be left 81 pris-
oncr on the Bosporus, much as the
Pope in Rome has been since 1870, the
prisoher Of the Vatican" But the
Nohammcdan world could not cnvisage
spiritual head deprived of local po-
l!tical power 1t could not separate
theological abstractions from political
distractions. II went on strike
against tire vaticanizat;on OF tho Sui
tan. And that strike, backed by
Gandhi's Buddist Hindus, was lost.
The LATEST revs,on Of the Sevres
treaty is therefore another victory for
nationalism and for religious solidar-
~, IS opposed to realistic politics 1t
IS another setback for the economic in
ternatioralism in which the original
treaty dsposine Of the Turkish heri-
age was conceived.
The Scvres treaty was born under
an unlucky star. 1t was much too long
delayed, not being signed until July,
1920. Though the signers did rot know
II. tho groundwork of their settlement
was already slipping away. a Turkish
treaty however severe its terms, could
have been enforced in 1919. Turkey
Was helpless. The Sultan's govern
rncnt, the only one then existing, was
ii puppet in the hands of tire Allied
forces occupying Constantinople. Mus
tapha KemaHs Angora government had
not yet been established. The Caliph-
tie agitation hadn't got it's start. Pro-
crastlnation allowed nationalist Turk
. lsh sentiment to revive and trans
'erred the real center Of Turkish au-
thority from the Bosporus to the
highlands or Anatoia. A new Turkish
state arose. which it was difficult to
eocrce and which didn't consider itself
bound by the terms o. the srmistice
with the Allies.
\egotiators Confronted
by Unexpected Obstacles
The negotiators thought that they
would be able to deal solely with a
plant government in Constantiaople
That was their first illusion. The sec
ond was that they could depend on
Greece to act as their military agent
r enforcing the treaty This supposi-
fion would have been valid enough in
1919, L seemed valid enough even in
the summer OF 1920. when Venizelos
undertook 20 relieve Nationalist pres
sure on the Sultan and his advisers by
clearing up the region from Smyrna
north TO the Sea OF Marmora. and COW
erlng all the approaches to Constanti-
nople from the east. The Greek armies
had an easy success. Greece was then
literally rewarded in the treaty, re-
ce;ving the whole western coast section
of Asia Minor north Of Smyrna. and
practically all Of Thrace.
But Greece, despite these extraordi-
nary concessions, was preparing to de-
serJ the treaty makers. A generously
financed campaign against Venizelos's
leadership was conducted furtively by
Constantine's friends. The Greek neo~
pie turned in November against the
creator OF greater Greece. They re-
called Tino. the obstructionist, the tool
of the Germans and the arch enemy of
the Allied powers. His restoration
ended all hopes Of employing Greece as
All agent 20 execute the treaty. For
T;no vas certain 10 play his own hand
and TO even Up old scores. If possible,
with the powers which had de.hroned
I'm in 1917.
The French realized this more clearly
than the British did. They had no
faith in Tino. and turned quickly to
the alternative Of untangling the situa-
ion by seeking an accomm odation with
The Angora Nationalists. A conference
for the revision Of the treaty was held
N London in the winter Of 1320-'2l, at
which both the Turkish governments
were represented. The Allies decided
10 cut their commitments to Greece
and TO offer more liberal peace terms
TO Turkey.
But Constantine refused to ratiiy
these terms or TO with draw the Greek
armie. from Asia. On the contrary, he
reinforced the armies aud announced
rhat they would march at once on An
CORA. The Allies could do nothing but
let him try, wishing success neither to
hin, nor to their other enemy. Mus
tapha Kemal.
Constantine Meets With
1wo Rebuifs in Campaigns
Tino tried twice. His campaign, IN
April, 1921, carried him as far
IS the main line Of the Anstoiian sec
Son Of the Constantinople- B Bagdad Rail-
road. Then he was driven back with
Aesvy loss TO his original lines. His
second campaign, last summer, carried
him hevord fhe ra iiroaS ap3 %o u-;th;,