The Birmingham age-herald., 1922-10-01
HOLIEST DAY OF
 SYNAGOG BEGINS
 AT SUNSET TODAY
Jewish People to Foregather in Houses of Worship to 0b- serve Tom kippur, Day
 of Atonement


 of Atonement
 This evening inaugurates with great solemnity the Day of Atone mont. or Tom Kippur, the hoiiest day of the Bynagog. On that evening end again on Monday. from morning till eventide, the Jewish people will foregather for worship in their sev- eral synagogs in all parts of the world Those removed from their families will endeayor to be among the family circle on this solemn oo- casion. Soldiers and sailors of Jew ish faith are granted furloughs in order to observe appropriately this holiday Wherever the Jewish peo- pie happen to be. whether few or many, they will cease from worldly concerns and give themselves wholly to thoughts of repentance.
 More than any other holiday of tho synagog, Tom Kippur revives the confidence of the Jew in the ultimate triumph of Gods love and justice. However sadly he has fared. despite misfortune and untold affliction. he repairs to his synagog on the Day of HOpGLut Ol 0Od Way eAAA trusting that in the later days none of earths children shall hurt nor destroy in all His mountain, for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord as the waters cover the sea.
 The outward form of observance practiced by the Jewish people on this day Is abstention from food and drink. The Intent of this ceremony is to afflict the soul, in order that the worshipper be better disciplined to exercise self-control and direct his actions for the upbuilding and better ment of humanity.
 The Day of Atonement can De traced back to ancient days and in the long career of the Jewish people 1t has undergone many transforma- tlons.
 When it is first noted in the Mosaic Code 1t is 8 day when the high priest in the temple expiated the sins or the people. The mass of the people were to observe the day from evening to evening as a Sabbath. and fast day to obtain pardon for their sins In Iseviticus 16:2-23 the elaborate priestly ritual of Making atonement for the holy place and because or the uncleannesses of the children of Israel and because of their transgres- slons even all their sins is described The high priesst was the central figure of the ritual. He sought for giveness for his own sins and those of his household and then for all the people. A very primitive rite which was revived for use on the Day of Atonement of this very ancient period was the selection Of two goats, one of which was to be sent to Azazel. the demon of the wilderness, to bear away the sins of the people, while the other wa sto be offered to the Lord as a sacrifice.
 Spiritual Meaning
 In contrast to the priestly monopoly of service with its archaic forms or expiation, the founders of the syna- gog invested tho Day of Atonement with a more spiritual meaning and ono that was moro in accord with the prophets of Israel who associated with God the attributes of love ana mercy.
 According to these teachers or Judaism repentance could not be ob- tained through any other mediation than the personal effort of the sim ner to purge himself of his evil thoughta.and to mend his evil ways by his own personal effort and the stout resolve to cleave unto God ana walk In His ways. Confessing his sins before God with contrite heart combined with practical efforts to harmonize his deeds with those laws of love and life proclaimed by God. constituted the true repentance ana lifted man up from his low estate to sit among princes. Forgiveness Is
 gal fr~ Tnx a mankind.
 In modern times memorial ser vice is included. This service re- minds the worshipper that death is consummation of life and that no one who has lived worthily Is forgot ten nor his life's efforts void. The memorial service Is crowded with tender memories and utilizes the solemn moments to impress on the congregation the imperative need of duty and service to God and eoun- try
 Services at Tenpie Emapu-El
 The Atonement Day services at Temple Emanu-El will be con ducted with the usual impressive ness by the rabbi. Dr. Morris New field. Large congregations arc an
 
 come early. An augmented choir. consisting of double quartet and violin and cello, will render the most impressive Atonement ritual, which begins with the ancient Kol Nidre anthem tonight.
 The memorial servie will be held tomorrow afternoon at 3:S0. Preced- ing it will be the young peoples service, conducted in its entirety by tne young folk of the temple, with the sermon by Benjamin Leader. the well-known attorney at-law. pr. Newfield will preach tonight and to- morrow morning.
 Following is the order of services:
 Tom Kippur Eve-Sunday, October l, D. m.
 Tom Kippur Day--Monday. October g, lo:s0. all day service till sunset.
 The Atoneinent Day service con sists of four distinct services as fol- lows:
 Morning service at 1o:S0.
 Young peoples service at 2:3o.
 Afternoon and memorial service