The New York herald., 1922-12-21
TURKEY BACKS DOWN
ON STRAITS CONTROL;
VIEW OF us. IGNORED
Principle of Restricted Pas
sage Of Ships of War
Included.
RUSSIA NOT DETECTING
Would Become Member OF
Commission if She Signs
the Convention.
AMERICAN PLAN STATED
1t Urged Making Straits Free
for All Vessels at All
Times.
AMERICAN PLAN STATED
BY LAURENCE HILLS.

Special Cabic 10 THE NEW YORK HEnArp.
Copyright, 1929, by TIE NEW YORK HEaAln.
LAUSANNE. Dec. 2o.-Allied frmness
again has brought about almost COM
plete surrender on the part of the
Turks Confronted with yesterdays
virtual ulumatum. they accepted to-
day the allied plan for the straits. sub
Ject only TO minor reservations, chier
Of which concerns the exact i9l .isc~
ton OF the Straits Comm on-~
namely, whether It shall be n -sis t1
supervise the passage of We -eis
also watch over the demiiitaris 81 zona
Turkey objected TO the latt, fnc
tion.
Although this surrender y ~
Turks spelled complete defeat Dr t.e
Russian efforts here to close aes
Sea to warships and to iGu
strength of the British or al a,aes
fleet In case of war with Ru 8. the
Russians remained silent VIII tlelr
erstwhile ally accepted the allie pinn.
and have shown no inclinatio yel u
pack their grips.
The reason for this lies, ,uaa4lt
edly, in the fact that Russia becomes
a member of the commissio1
signs the convention. Clearly falls
another step toward Russia's recogni-
ton.
The chief feature of interest in this
apparent settlement OF one OF Eu-
ropes hardest problems lies in tho
complete disregard the conference has
view presented here. and the evident
disinclination 10 invite any detailed
statement by the Americans covering
the principles set forth BY them in
general
American Views Disrcgsrded.
The two American ideas laid before
tho conference were;
F'iRsT--A completely free passage
way. for all vessels, like the Strait OF
Belle Isle between Labrador and New
foundland. or Gibraltar, recognized by
all nations as such: instead Of which
the plan accepted to-day restricts tho
number OF war vessels OF each nation
70 thtee. OF not more than 10000 tons
each, and In case OF war In the Black
Sea the limitation is removed.
SEcoHp-That as commission ana
statutory regulations in the past have
been the chief source of trouble. there
should be no commission of the straits.
but q simple guaranty by Turkey IN
the form of q treaty with other ma
tlons that the straits shall be kept
open.
The sccond Of these views was sent
to the conference. It appears, Monday
ight. but became public only in to-
days discussion. The American mem
orandum on this point follows:
"The representatives OF the United
States. on behalf OF their Government
take the position that full freedom OF
he straits for all nations. without dis
elimination, viii be best served by re-
lance on treaty rights and agree
ments. rather than on a Joint or inter
national commission for the straits
Ten Nations ON Com mission.
The commission 10 which the United
States has objected would be presided
oyer b- "a Turk. and would be COM
posed OF representatives Of Great Brit
ain. France. italy. Japan, Bulgaria,
Greece. Rumania. Serbia and Russia,
from the day the present convention
Is signed.
should the United states have ad-
hered 20 Il also she would have the
right TO membership. The convention
charges the commission 10 sc that ali
measures Tor security OF transit are
taken, such as lights. port and coast
lighthouses The commission also
would be charged 20 SEQ that liberty
Of massage IA at all times observed.
and each year would draw up report
10 the League oe Nations. The COM
mission also would draft the necessary
rules for the accomplishment OF its
mission. These would have 60 be con-
ccived in "a spirit OF perfect equality
for all nations.
While this memorandum appears %
have been before all tho delegations
several days. apparently it has had
not the slightest effect upon allied
ideas. On the other hand Il seems C.
have somewhat encouraged the TURKS.
b,it with little result. save for a poe
siile reservation made to-day as g.
tho exact extent of the commissions
Jurisdiction. Tho explanation of the
memorandum IN American circles was
that IL had been prompted by sug'
sestion OF Che British several days agc
that they would like 20 have the United
states as "a membcr cf the commission.
an idea which the memorandum wa
designed 90 destroy.
Apart from this. however. there is
the fact that with the many projects
submitted by the real parties to tho
discussions there has not been at any
time any Invitation 10 the American
fn'e.nllur here during the .tudy ni