davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

seYen-tenths were the children OF
contract laborers. The rest were
children Of the beet growers Over
one-fourth we're under ten years of
age, a small percentage under eight.
Less than one-fifth were as much
IS fourteen years old. Considerably
over q half ranged from nine TO
thirteen From sixty nine to eighty
five per cent, according to the proc
eSs in which the child was engaged,
worked nine hours or more a day.
From one-seyenth to one-third, again
varying with the process, worked
eleven hours . dar. The average
working day for all processes was
usually between nine and ten hours.
The physical effects of this labor
were postursl deformities and NAL
positions in seventy per cent of the
cases examined By the Bureaus
physicians Another serious effect
Is the interference with education
OF $50 children from nine to six
teen years Of age for whom school
records were obtained over forty
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

CARDS each child as an asset, and
when he becomes the father OF an
other boy he considers himself FIVE
thousand dollars better off. Their
women are valued for the number
OF children they can bear. Almost
never do children of these people
have to support a widowed mother.
The more children she has the
quicker she Is married again II a
young fellow Is lucky enough to
marry widow with children he
Is just that much ahead.
The State Superintendent of
Schools of Colorado considers the
beet worker one OF the most serious
problems, but says she has no pow
er to handle the situation. The
Denver school authorities come IN
direct contact with these workers
The Mexicans who work the beets
bring their families back to Den
yer for the winter. They congre-
gate IN what used to be the old red
light district The housing condi-
tons are miserable. They get back
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

been put at &c when you were eight
81 nine years old or even younger?
Impossible and ridiculous. you say7
Ridiculous, perhaps. but not at all
impossible, for that Is what Is actu-
ally happening in the sugar beet
fields today.
In short. the beet sugar industry.
one OF the biggest American enter
prises today. is exploiting in the
basic branch Of It's buslness-the
raising Of sugar beets-not merely
the low grade foreign iaborer. but
the children Of that laborer.
Take. for instance. Colorado, one
81 the sugar beet raising states that
have 50 far been investigated by
the National Child Labor Commit
tee. There the Committee found
eve thousand children between six
and fifteen years regularly engaged
in raising heets.
The Federal ChAdren's Bureau
has also been making an intensive
study Of the Colorado situation. OF
OFT children included in this study
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

from the beet fields In December.
Up TO this time their families hsvs
not been In school. When these
children are forced into school IN
midwinter and placed IN ciasses
with the other children they retsrd
the progress Of all the others. They
are taken out OF school again in
April and 90 back TO the 6eets, thus
getting only four ana half to nye
months Of schooling a year.
In Michigan. another beef state
which has been studied by the Ma
tional Child Labor COMMITTEES, con-
ditions are very similar, excepting
that the nationalities of the work
ers are more diversified and there
are fewer Russians and Mcxicans
and no japanese They ara made
up largely of HungsrianA Slsvs
from the small provinces Poles
and Germans. In Michigan, as Ia
Colorado, the beet people are ex-
plotting the foreign laborer and his
children. Field bosses say that
American labor was not wanted BE-
cause "a Yankee can't stand tbs
hard work"
Living conditions fer these labor
ers IN the Michigan beet country
are abominabIe The farmer sup
plies the quarters for the hedp. and
his motto Is. Anything Is good
enough for the Hunkie" An old
wood-shed, an abandoned barn, q
cleaned-out chicken house, anything
that gives partial shelter. will dc
and does. Oneroom shanties for
families Of from ak to nine people
are common Often they have only
one window. Not lnfrequently there
is no window. They have absolutely
no sanitary facilities, and the hlth
OF these shacks Is inconceivable.
Yet each year sees migration
Of families from the industrial CEN
ters to the beet fields Families are
TINS imported from cities as far
away as Buffalo. New York City,
Philadelphia. Erie. Akron, Cleve-
land, Cincinnati, Chicago, Milwau-
kee, Toledo and San Antonio, Tex.
In 1919 the beet laborer in Mich
igan got s24 an acre for beets
planted In rows IS to y inches
apart and SO an acre for beets
planted in rows IS inches apart
In Michigan. as In Colorado. Il In
found almost impossible TO enforce
the compulsory education laws
among the migrant beet workers.
or the families Investigated by the
Committees agents about fifteen
per cent OF the children of school
age had never attended school at
all. OF those who had attended.
most were far behind their normal
grades or had dropped ont Of school
long ago without graduating.
It Is not enough TO arouse IN the
breasts of the general public pity
for these unfortunate children
These conditions win never be
righted to any considerable extent
until an appeal is successfully
made to an enlightened seif-inter-
est. until the American voter In
mass Is made to realize that the
beet sugar industry Is doing con-
slderably more than its proportion
ate bit to thrust upon the country
new crop Of misfit citizens phys
ically malformed. nervousIy abnor-
NAL, mentally dwar@>d and unit 20
play their part In ruling the future
destinies OF a democratic country.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

Is simply contracting the labor OF
his children.
The labor employed in the beet
fields in Colorado Is practically all
foreign - Mexican, Japanese and
Russian The Mexicans and Japan
ese, however, do not work their
children as much as do the Rus
slams. The Russian children often
begin work as early as four or FIVE
years OF age. By the time they are
ten or twelve they are considered
toughened veterans and able to
stand any amount Of hard labor. 1t
IS 10 uncommon thing for parents
to race with their children to see
how much work they can get out Of
them.
The people with whom the inves-
tigator talked said there were few
cases where the work OF the chill
dren was really necessary TO sup
port the family. These Russians
are rapidly buying farms and auto
mobiles on the proceeds of their
children's labor. The Russian re-
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

per cent were from one TO seven
years below the normal grade for
their age. The transient contract
child laborers leave school in
March, April or May and 1t Is often
December or January before they
are back In school again. II at all.
The more general studies OF the
National Child Labor Committee In
Colorado and Michigan Indicate
that these conditions hold generally
throughout the. beet-raising sec
tions and that little Is being done to
better those conditions. A farmer
who owns or lenses land contracts
with the sugar company to furnish
a certain number of acres on which
beets are to be grown The COM
pany agrees to supply the hand la
Dor. The company then contracts
with a laborer TO 90 the work on
definite number OF acres. The num-
Der OF acres a laborer contracts TO
care for Is based on the number OF
children he has-in other words, he
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

. I'D you. comfortable reader,
4 y ever go out into a sugar
4 y beet field on damp chill
morning in Snrfn~ ~ tho
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11
Freight Train Wrecked

VALPARAISO. Ind, Feb. ia
fast freight train on the New York
Central railroad was wrecked yester-
day at Porter, ten miles north OF here
The wreck occurred at the place where
two passenger trains were IN collision
February IS, 1921. with a loss of thir-
ty-soven lives.
one freight err rolled into a ditch
and FIVE piled on the tracks, causing a
delay in traffic OF 1--WE hours No one
was injured. A broAen Drakebeam
vas The cause.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11
ONE WHO RUNS
MAY READ ANTI
PROHI MORAL

Leaving the province OF Indiana
and entering the territory of Iiinois.
whether by motor or aboard the Tween
tieth Century Limited from New York.
the traveller these days may read a
large sign on the walls OF an old
brewery It says IN effect that the
government would have sufficient
money to pay the soldiers bonus IL
beer and light wines wera permitted
to be made and sold under federal tax
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11
Tse GIRL WITH THE
KNIFE - RUSSIAN
CHILD of EIGHT IEARSE4Gss
TOPPING BETS. RWv19Sees--
| WORK DANGEROUS MAj
! EVEN 10 AN ADULT 80
BY JOHN eARRErsEE

- I'D you. comfortable reader,
4 y ever go out into a sugar
y beet field on a damp chill
morning in spring at the
frst crack Of dawn, get down on
your petted and pampered knees
and spend the day there thinning
out infant beet plants up one seem
ingly endless row and back the
rext, and so on without ceaslng un-
I'll evening gave dubious relief to
chapDed hands. bruised knees and
sehing back7 Did you keep this up
day after day for weeks?
Then did you welcome a change.
sren though melancholy one.
when with the coming of the bis
tering dog days you were given a
hoe and sent forth to the fields
even earlier, for the blessed day.
light tarried longer with you then?
Did you outline the torture OF
aching back and legs and blistered
palms and prostrating heat till with
the coming OF the chill fan rains
they took your hoe away from you
and gave you heavy knife? Then
were you requested-nay, urged
10 go again with the dawn and TIL
dark each day tear from the earth
the beets now grown huge, heavy
and tenacious ard with sweeps or
the big knife cut OF the top Of
each? Were you lucky enough to
avoid slashlng your leg with the
unwieldy weapon on the down
stroke, al accident you may have
seen happen to your neighbor III
the next row.
Rut II you rnd tabor Of this sort
rather appalllr 20 your adult mind
either BY experience or from de-
scription can you imagine how
steady weeks OF such gruellng toll
would have affected you II you had
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11
HOTELS AT
INDIANAPOLIS
FIGHT BILL

INDIANAPOLIS. Ind. Feb. 11-Con
sress is being deluged with resolu-
tons and kilograms from prohibition
sources and from the hotels and retail
merchants of this city to kill the
Hickey bill creating another federal
court district.
1t is declared the hotels Of Indi-
annapolis are enlisting the aid OF dry
associations Of the state in the fight
on the new court
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11
DYER
ANNOUNCEMENT.

To the citizens OF St John Township
I hereby announce 10 you that l VIII
he a candidate for the nomination At
the coming primaries for the office Of
TOWNSHIP TRUSTEE Your support
viii be highly appreciated
rs LOUIS NJ. HARTMAN
WIn. \. Cettler made a business trip
to Crown Point Friday afternoon.
Number OF our young folks attend
ed the minstrel show given BY tho *
or @ at Hammond Friday evening
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1922-02-11

: = BET WORK nc FATpER and HIS HUMAN ASSETS =
= TIE NUMBER DETERMINES
NAVY ACRES AE COMTRACT5 FOR>
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-05-09

The Matrix Club will meet at the
Gamma Phi Beta chapter house this
evening at 1880 O'clock. Hostesses will
be Miss Connie Tucker, Miss Verona
Hanson and Miss Frances Ohmsted.
Alice May Austin will talk on the board
of student control; Verona Hanson
will speak on Famous Journalists I
HAVE Known" and women in Ad-
vertiaing" will be the subject of a
talk by Irene Newman.
Mrs. Laura Schulz entertained the
Schumacher club in her home Monday
afternoon. A business meeting was
held, and Miss Grace belong. home
demonstration agent, gave talks on
food, and ::on dyeing clothing. The
hostess 5served refreshments, with the
assistance Of Mrs. J.. Schulz The
next meeting Of the club will be held
at the home Of Mrs. Walter Root, on
May 29th.s
The Benner & Begg store club: held
it's regular monthly meeting. and
supper in the store building Monday
evening. I
CHARLES Gust, East Grand Forks,
with his wife, 'heaahas been tfFe5guest
IA ZEN
Hs]ehsAAosss:JaInes win remain there
f6f ahoshef week. (: n
f:S@s Sssss 49, k5T%t:@ SO
Following the League. tea in Won-
ems League rooms at the university
this afternoon, there will be q meet
ing Of the z. w c. a. Mrs. E, G.
HaaSenson will. talk to the girls at
this time, taking for her subject,
ssCn11o~o "A n~n,,aorAontou y AhvOcal duet
will be contributed b. Misses Ethel
Sheldon and Aida Hayes The ses-
sion will open, at 5:15 O'Clock.
5 X X X
Mrs. M. j.. Donahue returned to
lthis. city after some time spent with
relatives and friends at points In the
east. 5 N
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-05-09
MRS. BLOUCH SPOKE
ROBUSTNESS WOMEN

Mrs. Pearl C. Blough, now of Sc
attic. formerly of Grand Forks, greet
ed the members. of the Business and
Professional Women's club Of this city |
at the meeting held in the CONNER
cial club rooms Monday evening.
Mrs. Blough is en- route from Bal
timore and Washington, d. c., where
she has been in attendance as a dele
gate, to the conference of women
voters. In speaking Of the conference
briefly y last evening, she said there
were three great needs stressed by the
speakers there: first, the need for
younger business women to take part
in the great movements in favor of
women: secondly. the necessity of
spreading moral hygiene among wom-
en-, and thirdly, the requirement that
women live their religion in every day
life. These were the three principal
keynotes that were sounded through
out the convention, Mrs. Blough stat
ed, and they represent the assimila-
ton of the finest thought of tho en-
tire country. ~.
Referring to. the Business and Pro-
.fessional Women's organization in
Seattle Of which she is a member.
Mrs. ,Blough said that their activities
recently have beer confined to a great
extent to entertaining distinguished
SiSAtOlo ~ IS Jaw III oOdlllC AASJ
entertained Madame Joffre not long
ago. t IS 4
In the course OF her trip. Mrs.
Blough had a number Of interesting
experiences. One of these was a visit
to the White House, where members
of her party were received by .Presi-
dent n Mrs. Harding. Mrs. Biough
described both the President and Mrs.
Harding as cordial and tactful. She
was particularly impressed by the
presidents ability to catch and retain
the names of persons presented to
him, and to onvey the impressions
that the head of the nation felt it a
real pleasure to meet each particular
guest.
On another occasion Mrs. Blough
was one of a large company of women
who called to pay their respects to
former President Wilson. The guests
gathered on the lawn in front of the
Wilson residence. and Mr.. Wilson ad-
dressed them briefly from a balcony.
where he appeared for a few mo-
ments with Mrs. Wilson by his side.
The callers were impressed by the pa
thetic appearance of the former pres
ident, who walks feebly with the aid
Of a cane. and who has aged greatly
in appearance during the past two
years.
by 1ar the IHosl intercStiHs HEuTe
at the women's conference, according
to Mrs. Blough. was Lady Astor, who
addressed several of the meetings.. Her
combination Of brilliant wit with
great personal charm esta blished her
as a favorite with those who were
privileged to meet her.
In Seattle Mrs. Blough has with
her, her mother. Mrs. sc. Case, and
her little daughter Margaret, both of
whom are in excellent health. Mrs.
Blough herself has fully recovered
from the facilitating effects Of her
sojourn in the south some years ago.
Her stay in Grand Forks a neces-
sarily. been brief, and has been filled
with hasty visits with old friends.
She will leave this evening for Seat
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-05-09

The Women's Home and Foreign
missionary society of the Methodist
church will hold the last meeting of
the year at 8 o'clock Wednesday aft
ernoon in the home Of Mrs. F. l..
MONTGOMERY. No. 2 spriggs block, with
hostess. Mrs. F. A. Cameron will be
in charge of devotionals. and Mrs. w.
A. Mcintyre will review chapter six
of the textbook, 1.-The Price Of Ma
tional Unity"
Members are urged to bring their
mite boxes to this meeting and orig
'inal posters for the contest; also all
unpaid dues are payable at this time.
The Mothers and Daughters, ban
quet will begin at Sis o'clock instead
of at $3.50, as was announced previ-
ously. This alteration has been made
because of conflict with the. declama-
tory contest at the high school which
opens at s o'clock.
The program for the banquet has
been, arranged by Mrs. Angus John
son and Mrs. A. W. Dennis, who work.
ed in connection with a committee of
women representing the local
churches. The program al it will be
given Friday evening is as follows:
Solo. Mrs. Paul B. Griffith
f'Toastmistress. Mrs. E. G. Haagenson
Welcome to Mothers >. Margaret Libby
Response. 80. Mrs. A.. H. Yoder;
Solo. ........ Catherine Finch
Talk. ....... Mrs. S. l.. Stockton
1.-THE Hot Springs Convention.
................. Eleanor Healy
Solo. ............ Mrs. David Stoeve
Girls Reserve Pageant
Esprit of Girl Reserves. Ruth Henry
spirit of Health Frances Weisbecker
Shirt 0f Kn0w1Adpa
Spirit Of Service. Jean Robbins
Spirit of Spirit. ~. a.. Anne Aarson
Girl Reserves 4. ..Lovetta Wood. Mar
garet McLain, Helen ireland.
Glenna Miller. Harriet Hatcher.
American Girls. Wilma Anderson.
Mary Miller. Ruth Fletcher,
Thelma Bratlund, and Jean Sim
ctair. .i6
Reservations for the banque should
be turned into the Y. w. G. A. Office
not later than Wednesday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. W.. "A. Collins, who re-
turned to Grand Forks a short time
ago. after spending the winter in
California. will o into their home
at SO North Third street today. Mr..
and Mrs. D. B; Morris; who have had
the Collins residence during the win
ter. will take the residence Of M.
and Mrs. Hugh r. .Ruettell. 405 South
Sixth street, for the summer months.
X X X .
Miss Gertrude Healy. 1923 Lewis
Boulevard. returned at moor Monday
from Gilby, N. D.. where she has been
visiting Mrs. John Hesketh. for the
last four days.
r. X X X
Miss Louise CAMDEN, a, graduate OF
the university last spring, is a visitor
at the Kappa Alpha Theta house for
a few days. She has been spending
her vacation with her parents at
jamestown. and is on her way back
to Baltimore, where she is taking
training in dietetics at n hospital.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-05-09
SAMPLE MENUS
FOR CHILDREN'S
FINALS SUGGESTED.

In the interest Of Child Welfare,
Miss Regina Brennan, instructor
In home economics ct Grand
Forks shigk school, has compiled
information with reference ITO
proper foods and food values,
which will be Of interest and val
Ne to mothers. First below Ii
given q sample breakfast menu,
which will furnish q heat value of
500 cal0ries, and contains also the
necessary minerals for building. .
Tomorrow evening, a sample
luncheon, or noon meal will be Civ
en- in these columns and the day
following, the, evening meal for a
child will be suggested. These
might be clipped, and held for
sreference.)
sample Breakfast.
sg85 u cup oatmeal
1 tablespoon butter
2 slices toast :
3-5 cup cocoa
l baked apple with sugar
4. 2-3 cup milk
Miss Brennan has also prepared
lists of foods in which the neces-
1ry building elements are contain,
ed, and these will be given in tab
ular form daily.
Minerals and Water.
Necessary for health and for
bqdy-reguiating and body-build-
ing, but do not furnish heat.
Found in quantities in:
Milk
Beets
Spinach
Cabbage
+ Celery
Apples
Carrots .
Berries
Cucumbers
Whole wheat flour
Lettuce
f. Eggs
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-05-09

Miss Blanche Warnken, a pupil of
Miss Adelaide Okell of Wesley Col
lege conservatory, will be presented
in her senior piano recital in Corwin
Hall On Wednesday evening, her pro-
gram opening at 8 o'clock.
Miss Warnken will be assisted by
Miss Marion Veitch. mezzo-soprano.
Miss Warnken is known in the city
as one of the younger pianists of
talent. who shows splendid techniru"
and individuality Of Interpretation.
Her friends are invited to hear her
play the following program:
Blanche Warnken
Mary Darlin' O. Mine.
..... Jessie Mae levitt
Marion Veitch.
INOVelette ......... MaCDOWell
To An Old White Pine. Mcdowell
In Deep Woods..........M acDowell
Dance Negro .. 1850. Cyril Scott
Blanche warnken
April Ecstasy $50. Madison Cowein
Change o. Mind. Pearl G. Curran
Marion Veitch
Nocturne. Op. 81, No. 2...... Chopin
Two Hungarian Dances Brahms
Blanche Warnken
y 4 =
An industrial girls club will be or
ganized this evening at the Commun-
ity House. where all industrial girls
of the city are invited to gather for
a social evening and entertainment.
A program including readings by Miss
Frances Butler and a skit of which
Jeanette Hillerman, Anne Cole and
Lucille Ohmstad are in charge will be
given. A program of games will be
provided. and refreshments will be
served. Miss Glenn Bruce ID in charge
of the arrangements for the affair.
Alumnae members of Alpha Phi
were guests at an informal afternoon
in the chapter house on Sunday after
noon The active and pledge men,
beers of the sororiety entertained dur
ing the afternoon with a program Of
music and readings. Refreshments
were served. Miss Jean Dryden Of
prayton was an out-of-town guest.
the weekend at the Gamma Phi Beta
house.
DIR. NJ. W. l4ampe Of Chicago, for
msriyt OF Philadelphia, 10 q guest at
the home OF DR.. and Mrs. Karl III.
Fuasler, 1874 University avenue. DR..
Lampe 10 national university secretary
for the board OF education Of the
Presbyterian church. He is in the
city IN the interest OF religious edu-
cation among the students at the uni-
gyersity.a M
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-05-09

meadow and he never saw. her again,
and his heart came right up in his
mouth when helthought about it. But
there was the King-he would not let
anything happen to- his friends!
"Oh, ho!" came the cry, What's all
the fuss about? It was Major Pole
Cat: He had been out into the forest
looking after some of the creatures
who were trying to find houses to live
in for the Summer. That was Majors
job, and it seemed that there were a
great many more folks coming to the
forest this Summer than ever before.
Thief! Thief" cried Jerry, II can
tell you what has happened"
"Of course you can" said Major.
You can tell everything that hap-
pens before it happens"
Major" said Tinker Bob. II want
you to! go out to the middle of the
forest and find that Weasel and bring
him in here. If Mr.. Frog is with him
bring them BOTH" D..
Major went his way to do as the
King had said.
Tomosrow-Red Robin Heard from.