davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11
MRS. OLESEN THE VICTOR.

To Anna Dickie Olesen belongs the
credit for defeating Senator Frank
B. Kellogg. DR.: Sh1pstead could not
have won alone. He might have come
near it, as the Farmer-Labor party
did with its state ticket, but without
Mrs. Olescn in the field Mr.. Kellogg
would have pulled through.
Had Mrs. Olesen put up less siren
uous campaign the chances are that
the result of the election would have
been different even if she had re-
NAMED candidate. It was her per-
sistent pegging away at Kellogg's re-
cord that weakened the morale Of the
conservative voters. Thousands Of
them went to her who would not 60
to Shipstead.
And Mrs. Olesen is wonderful
campaigner. She is woman of vision.
She is we'll grounded in true demo-
cratic principles. She is a progressive
and understands the philosophy Of the
present liberal movement. There is
nothing superficial about her at all.
She stands head and shoulders above
the average man in public life. While
she may have lost the election she
gained tremendous moral victory.
She served the people better than they
can now appreciate. She will be heard
from again. Such a brave and fearless
champion of the peoples cause can
not lose.
Every friend of shipstead in Mimic
sotaishould doff his hat to Annie
Dickie Olesen. The workers and farm
ers and the masses Of the people are
indebted to her for the great service
she rendered t0 their cause.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11
BY " a, LOGAN
lin the Auto World)

$ T. E-t+
Company unions were not thought
Of until labor unions began to func-
ton. Ill. ,+sSS
The employers never made any at
TEMPT to give the workers employed
by them any kind Of representation.
until the. unions got strong enough
to demand and receive some recos-
milton. ls5z ., s., ~
As the labor organizations gained
in strength and power: made de-
mands, called strikes, and In other
ways displayed a militant. aggres->
sive attitude; the value Of organiza-
ton was vividly i'm pressed upon the
minds Of an ever Undressing number
Of workers.tr: i 8 y 2. - =.
:, The employer knows the value of
organization He knows it so well
that he has. no :: desire to see the
workers organize and gain the
strength and power that unity of
purpose and concert Of action al
ways bring: H.. = < - i.
He Discourages: Labor.
|! Every. employer does his best to
discourage the formation of unions,
for in them he sees an agency that
takes away from him much Of his
power to: dictate wages, hours and
working conditions.
After using every means that fer
tile brains could devise to disrupt
and destroy the organizations of la
Dor, the Company Union has been
brought into being, in company with
several other so-calledt welfare"
and Profit Sharing schemes
All OF these schemes have been
devised for the purpose of weaving
the unthinking worker away from
! his labor organization.
The Company Union" is-a very
poor substitute that some kind Of
| organization is: needed to satisfy, a
well-defined desire that must be
gratified. -.
T. They Are Not Honest.
Employers, who advocate the for
nation Of Company Unions" are
not entirely honest in their profess
sions Of interest in the workers nor
are they actuated by motives that
are entirely disinterested. -.
| Workers will do we'll to, bear these
things in mind and reason out for
themselves why an employer is> WILL
Ing to have some form Of an organ
lzation among his employees, that he
Is able to control to a certain degree.
"A labor organization Is composed
of workers employed by many en-
ployers. 1t is not one shop or fac
tory affair. The success it has, in
.elevating conditions, shortening
hours and raising wages. does not
apply to: one shop alone, but applies
to all unorganized shops, and is
felt, indirectly, in many unorsanized
shops. A worker does not have to- be
bound to one shop. to reap the bene-
fits of a. labor Organization.
i, For Fullest Freedom.
The labor Organization furnishes
a meeting place, where regularly
stated meetings can be held and
where there: is freedom Of express
sion. '..~..<->. -; :: e.. -. -
No employer has any %control over
the affairs Of a labor organization
| nor are >foremen and other subordi-
nate officials, Of any firm or corpor-
| alton; allowed to have any voice in
determining the policies or move
ments of such an organization.
A labor Organization not only
covers the shops and factories in one
city, but there is a nationwide field
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11
COMPANY UNIONS ARE BAIT FOR LABOR

for It to draw moral and financial
support from, and in the event, Of a
controversy with any employer, all.
of the power and weight OF: ma
tional organization, Of all the organ
lied, workers in any certain trade or
industry, can be brought into play.
In other words, q labor organfza-
ton is an Institution owned, con-
trolled, and operated for the sole
benefit of the workers; while a
Company Union" is owned and con-
trolled, by the employer and operat-
ed for the purpose of giving the
workers stone when they ask for
bread. ~. ~
r; The Company Union" gives the
workers no meeting place where they
can freely discuss their real or fan
cied wrongs: If a meeting place is
provided there are. always enough
petty straw-bosses or ..so-called
loyal men in attendance to make it
a certainty that nothing will be done
that win interfere with the manner
in which the firm sees fit to conduct
the operation Of their factory.
Farmers Are There.
In every shop and factory there
are. always to be found those who
fawn upon the boss and who curry
favor. Workers Of this type lack the
moral fibre of those who face the
world squarely and who can be de-
pended upon to stand up for their
rights, This type can always be de-
pended upon to meekly bend their
necks to the yoke and submit to any
conditions without protest. To get a
"stand-in'' with the boss. is their
idea Of the road to- advancement.
Weak, servile and submissive: they
make ideal tools for the employer,
and all that is necessary is to ad-
vance some Of them to positions of
insect authority, and they are ready
to- crowd their fellow-workers to
the wall. ~
Benefits. Arc Limited.
With such. material as this, how
Is it possible for Company Union"
to function in the interests of those
workers who really desire to advance
and who are looking for real chan
mel to work through?
Even If a Company Union" should
improve working conditions in one
factory, how is any worker going to
carry such. benefits with them when
he is forced. through the uncertain
ties of steady employment, to seek
work in some other, place?
If a; weak, submissive committee
is chosen to represent the workers
In any department and they prove
to be as putty in the hands IF the
employer, what redress have tue
workers?
Workers Are Helpers.
= What opportunity have the work.
ers, in a Company Union" to de-
eide what they want? Little or. no
opportunity is offered for them to
whip their grievances into shape or
marshal their facts. Unless they are
fortunate enough Ito have, within
their own shop. or factory, men of
ability and training, they must 60
without competent advice. :
The company Union" was de-!
yised with the !dea in view Of re-
moving the tworkers of each factory
from contact; with workers in other
factories. S'S'','f-t ,. ~
It. throws the workers upon the
tender :mercies OF the employer they
are working, for. It is a shallow. In
efficient makeshift5 for real organ :
ization, that wil:never do anything
for the worker: but bind him to the
chariot wheels OF his employer.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11
A WALL STREET MOVE.

Its proposed that tie constitu.
ton be amended to put an end to
the issuance Of tax-exempt bonds. It
is stated that the White House fav.,
ors the plan, and that Secretary Of
the Treasury Mellon is also agree
able, al is. Wall Street. Which
would seem to warrant the statement
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11

vices and delays that sharp practice
knows so well.
The profiteers are told by the man
who is sworn to uphold the law and
administer justice. that he will only
prosecute where the case can "stand
the acid test''-where the offense is
so glaring that trickery, evasion and
deloy is useless.
Mr.. Daugherty's attitude toward
the profiteers is in sharp contrast to
his attitude toward railroad shop men.
With the profiteers the attorney gen
eral talks like counsel for the de-
tense. He says his department
(Which he persitts in calling the
government) Unjust be fair to itself
and even to those whom it would call
crooks and profiteers.
The profiteer took advantage of the
nation when it was at war. The
railroad shopnen asked for a living
wage when the nation is at peace.
The attorney general u.s. fearful
lest some profiteer will be wrong
fully punished, but he aided the
railroad managers and the anti
union press in developing mob
spirit which was the groundwork for
an illegal injunction, secured, by false
affidavits and stealth. -.
Mr.. Daue herty is very solicitous
about his profiteering friends who
filched the government in its hour
of need. This spirit is absent, how
ever, when he harangues the, country
on the civil war he averted and the
near revolution he sidetracked.
Not particle of evidence has he
made public to- support this libel Of
100000 wage workers, who have re-
peatedly called upon him to cease
congratulations and give them a bill
of particulars. 49,. 80:
But not Daugherty! He will in
sist on facts when it comes to prose-
cutting profiteers, who are advised to
take advantage Of every kink in the
low.
When it comes to prosecuting wage
workers, and smashing their strike
for a living wage, all Daugherty
needs is bunch of affidavits from
the head Of his spy department =
Burns, "the great detective" whose
jury fixing is 2 matter. Of record, as
is former Attorney General Wicker
It is truly a remarkable situation.
sham 3 Condemnation Of his methods.
The man who stole from his: country
and furnished defective material
when it was involved in a great war
is given the most solicitous; .consid-
GRAFTON, while the constitutional
rights of workers are taken from
them by methods that dare not be
subjected to cold analysis. -: :.
:, The organized workers will con-
tinue to protest, against the labor in
junction outrage until the public s
intelligence is quickened and it's
conscience is stung. -
The labor injunction has no place
in a democracy. This Prussian rule
denies citizens of their rights and
brutalizes those who enforce Judge
made edicts. = > %,&>@} =.
It withers democratic ideals and
creates class lines that make popular
possible. -. -. -. =
The labor injunction and, govern:
ment by law can not survive. Trade
unionism has placed its standard on
the ramparts Of tho law.
A wATI: aTREEr M0vE -
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11

that no serious objection will now be
raised by those who shudder every
time constitutional change is de.
clared necessary to correct some So
cial wrong.
It will be recalled that one of the
strong arguments for the reduction
of the excess profits tax at the last
congress was the claim that when
excess profits were taxed, people
would not invest in industry and
would put their money in tax-ex-
empt bonds. Now it is shown that
the buying Of tax-exempt bonds con-
tinues even though excess profits
have been cut. j.
Wall street favors the plan be
cause it will levy d tax on about
$12,ooo,oo0,ooo worth of bonds, and
thus block the plan to re-enact the
excess profits tax and tax undivided
surplus of corporations. -
The bonds are scattered through
out the nation and held, in various
quantities, by people of all classes.
To tax them is Of less Importance
to Wall street than tax on the
surplus of the steel trust or. the re-
enactment Of the tax which would
put a stiff levy on excess profits.
Under the circumstances Wall
street can be expected to assume a
virtuous pose against the tax;exempt
bonds that are issued by states and
their political units. \
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11
THE POOR RooKEFELLERs.

Standard Oil [of New York; has
declared stock dividend of 200 per
cent.
This increases the capital from
$75,0O0,000 to $s25,000,000.
There hasn't been dollar of real
value added by this hokus but many
persons will have bigger bank &C:
counts because of it.
It is matter Of bookkeeping.
The par value Of the stock was re-
duced by the directors from 500 per
share to $25. At the same time, when
the announcement of the big melon
was made the stock jumped 20 points
on the stock exchange to 500, a new
high mark. More hokus.
Back in 1913 a stock dividend of
400 per cent was declared.
Like a pondrous avalanche the
mountain Of wealth moves on.
Once upon time Judge Lands,
now the mahout of baseball, cut the
original Standard Oil company of
New Jersey into thirty-three parts.
These parts were supposed to crawl
off by themselves to exc out bare
existence in cruel and competitive
world.
They have had a hard time getting
along. Mr.. and Mrs. Rockefeller,
senior and Junior, have been at the
verge Of restitution. These crippled
fractions Of once mighty combina-
ton have found it difficult to get all
they want in Persia; Mexico and
other parts Of the world. They have
had to be most roundabout in grab
bling the naval oil reserves; and in
general they have just had to skinip
and scrape along. It is tough to be
all cut up that way!
But somehow the various little
Standard Oils ooze their way along,
lubricating their pathway as they go,
finding ways over the rough places
and keeping the wolves from the
door. Standard Oil of New Jersey,
parent Of the flock, hash t gone bank
rupt. Standard Oil Of California is
expected to declare a stock dividend
Of 100 per cent soon. Practically all
Standard companies are listed to come
across in the near future, some of
them handsomely. Most all have
built up tremendous SURPRISES.
Among the companies mentioned in
this connection and the amount of
their surplus on December 81, are:
Standard Oil of New Jarsey, $780,
021, 632; Standard Oil Of Indiana.
$143,222,71o; Prairie Oil and Gas
company, $s6,796,s51 Ohio Oil com
pany, $72,So6,626; Vacuum Oil COM
pany, $62,664,91Sy Atlantic Refining
company, SCI, 7o9, o4e; STANDARD Oil
company Of Ohio, $17,344,463; Stan
dard Oil of Kansas, $6,76s, 4Os; Solar
Refining company, $4,60s,550.
Nothing was gained, of course, by
the magnificent gesture Of Judge
Lands in smashing the trust" It
was all very foolish. Nothing was
smashed. It's all matter Of book
keeping. each for all and all for
each.'
But this is not a dissertation on
trust-busting. We here call attention
to the inordinate profits-the grand
cake-off.
Profits go on forever. Standard
Oil merely duplicates what the whole
world of corporation operation is do
ing. Steadily, year by year, during
the last ten years, before the war and
since the war and during the war, tho
rate Of corporation dividends has
gone up and up and up. Every year
has seen the aggregate of dividends
higher than it was the year before.
And that ought to be Of interest
to the workers for organizing unions
and fighting for an even break in thu
rewards for productive service.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11
LABOR FIGHTS ILLITERACY.

Organized labor fought for the uni
versal free school system.
Organized labor has fought always
for education.
For that reason organized labor is
for American Education Week, which
this year is the week Of December 3
to 9.
The fight for education must go
on. Democracy cannot live without
education.
Census figures show the startling
extent of illiteracy. The army tests
likewise showed the amazing lack Of
even rudimentary education.
Literacy tests show only the per-
centage who can read and write. But
to be able to read and write a little
doesn't mean education-the posses
sion Of knowledge and to make use
of knowledge.
Illiteracy is slowly disappearing, but
too much remains.
The census of 1910 indicated there
were 5,516,163 illiterates in the Unit
ed States above 10 years of age; the
figures for 1920 show total Of A.
above 10 years of age. ."......
The following table shows how this
illiteracy is divided:
Per cent Of total popula-
ton illiterate above
10 years of age...... IT 60
Fer cent of native whites
of native parentage.. 81 2.5
Per cent of native whites
of foreign or mixed
parentage ........ IL O.S
Per cent of foreign-bo
pe~ nent . ~ rca. a2.1 -
The above census figures are based
upon inquiry merely.
Persons who can write their names
or few words often consider them
selves literate.
Is Many authorities have long thought
that test Of ability to use the Ian
guage in a practical way would reveal
a much larger number Of illiterates in
this country.
The late Secretary Lane estimated
that perhaps 20 per cent of the citi-
zenship were illiterate.
A practical test administered to q
million and half soldiers in the war
revealed, to the amazement Of many,
that 25 per cent of them could make
no practical use of written English.
All thoughtful persons seem agreed
that this appalling situation is a mon
ace to the Nations highest interests.
The total urban population is now
slightly in excess of the rural, but the
number of illiterate in rural exceeds
those in urban communities by one
million.
Compulsory school attendance laws,
well enforced in urban districts, evil
IDENTIFY have had a beneficial influ-
ence in reducing the number Of illit-
Il crates 10 to Is years of age to 0.5 per
cent. In rural districts the percentage
/ Is 3.S, almost eight times the number
number in city or urban districts.
There are four illiterates aged 16
to 20 in our rural districts to one in
our urban districts; and Of voting age
A 81 years and over the number Of illit
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11

The world var lasted z 1,s,s, days w,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11

crates in rural districts is twice the
number in city or uprban districts.
OF those, whose parents: are "na-
tive'' there are more than four illit-
crates in rural communities to one in
urban communities. %
:, Illiteracy anywhere is,a menace;
and it is an unbeatable handicap to
those who are illiterate and who re-
main so.
The aim of democracy must be to fit
each person for intelligent participa-
ton in the affairs Of democracy
Education Week will stimulate in
terest in education. That is good.
But Organized Labor must continue
its efforts all of the time.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1922-11-11

Per cent of total popula-
ton illiterate above
10 years of age.
Fer cent Of native whites
of native parentage.
Per cent of native whites
of foreign or mixed
parentage ............
Per cent of foreign-born
whites
Per cent of negroes. =.
The Washington times., 1922-04-16
IRS HARDING CONDEMNS 1FLAPPER STYLES IN GIRL SCOUT TAI
Flappers Quit
Cakes to Go
With Middies

IT'S a gloomy Easter for
> the Nunally's cowboys,
finale hoppers, male flappers,
or whatever worse names you
choose to call 'em.
The boys are unanimously
in favor Of absolute naval
disarmament. Yesterday they
turned out in force, In antici-
patton of a pleasant after
noon. They were all dolled
up. their "cakie" hats nicely
brushed n ev'rything. But
what the dickens is the use
of oolling all up if the flap
pers won't fall for you?
And yesterday the flap
pers most decidedly would
not condescend to associate
with mere curb lizards. There
was far choicer game in
sight. The Naval Academy
at Annapolis shut down for
Easter and a heavy percent
age Of the midshipmen came
over to Washington, and
every, flapper had q MILDLY.
The Washington times., 1922-04-16
CAPITAL IS READY F..
FOR EASTER PARADE
Annual Event viii Attract
Thousands to Streets in
Line of March.

We've seen the sights OF today be
fore. We have seen the frothy bril-.
lance OF parading femininity In
Easter apparel: innumerable young
sters chasing innumerable colored
eggs; the quiet devotional services in
the churches.
But will we ever fail to thrill to
them7 There are certain things that
always exert a tug at our interest.
This will be the average Easter
Sunday: s.
Early morning The kids frantic
ally searching out brilliant hen fruit
beneath bed, dresser and bureau. and
maybe the sounds of dad scrubbing
the dye off his hands.
Later-The quiet OF the churches.
Unusually large crowd Today; lots OF
girls-or course the good.looking
Easter hats and girls beneath them
have nothing 20 do with an unpre-
cedented masculine attendance
Still later-The ceaseless caval-
cades of gayly bedecked paraders.
bB1 Ht,tts kfOf1 WHICH 70 view Nht
parade may be had for the asking at
various points along northwest II
street and Connecticut avenue. II is
noticed that the paraders tend to
march In pairs. usually sleek black
form and beside II a fluffy thing of
rose-pink and pale blue.
Boisterous mobs of egg-rollers win
be admitted TO the White House
grounds at 8 a, m. tomorrow. The
last of them will leave for home at
S, quitting battlefield of slaughter.
ed eggs.
One OF the annual features Of In.
terest for sightseers and inhabitants
of Washington is the sight OF per
spring attendants combing egg
shells out of the White House lawns
on the Tuesday following Easter
All the parks viii offer their full
advantages to the Easter carnival.
Rock Creek. Soldiers Home, Monu.
ment Grounds, Executive Mansion
Grounds are only n few OF the larger
spaces of the spring outdoors to
which Wnshingtonians will thronR
today and tomorrow, leaving behind
them a Uttered field of operations
that speaks very eloquently OF the
recent good time. as .
The Washington times., 1922-04-16
5000 RESUME WORK
IN PRINTING BUREAU
Virtually Entire Force OF
6,1oo Expected Back
T. Tomorrow.

Five thousand workers of the Blu
reau OF Engraving and Printing re-
turned to work yesterday, ana prac-
tically the entire force, numbering
approximately e,1o0 employees, will
be at work Monday, according to an
nouncement by Assistant Director
Perry last night. .u
1t was indicated the bureau would
experience speedy return to nor.
maicy." following the official inven.
tory, the taking OF which consumed
eight days, the bureau being closed
during that period.
According to reports from the bu.
renu, working conditions are salts
factory under the new regime, AND
many antiquated processes entering
into the manufacture of currency,
bonds and stamps have been discard
ed. 1t Is expected further changes
in the mechanical work will be made
during the next few weeks.
The Washington times., 1922-04-16
Civitan Club to Use
Salvation Army Camp

The Salvation Army camp site,
located about thirty miles from
Washington on Little Patuxent
river, will be used this summer as
free children's camp, being
financed by the Civitan Club Of
this city.
Rudolph Jose. president both of
the advisory board Of the local
Salvation Army Corps and of the
Civitan Club, has announced, with
the choice OF site, that there would
be absolutely no expense attached
TO attending the camp, even the
child's carfare is paid. He added
that children going to the camp
will have "uhlimited playground
facilities, abundance OF fresh air
and wholesome food" and that the
campers will at all times be under
adult supervision.
The Washington times., 1922-04-16
Smith College Alumnse
to Hear Radio Concert

Washington alumnae OF Smith
College will be among the most
earnest listeners In" on the wire
less concert OF Miss Edith Bennett,
a soprano and a graduate Of Smith
College, next "Wednesday night.
The concert will be sent out from
the Westinghouse broadcasting sta
ton CwJZl. Newark, N. j., and
wfll last for one hour.
For the first time In the history
OF radio-telephony, regular pro.
grams for a wireless concert have
been printed and distributed, among
clubs, hospitals. schools and other
institutions where special arrange
ments for tht recital have been
made Miss Bennett win be accom-
panied by Miss Marie Peyer, plan.
III rt .tf.