davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13

These tlco ministers hare
married more than 1928
couples. Rep. Francis Van
Horn, Oakland, Cal, is shoion
toih his ,oife and family. Be-
iotv is Rev. A. ID. Skd0gs.
Vancouver, Wash, icho has
married more than 6,f9S
couples.
VANCOUVER. wash. Oct. Ia
Margin parsons" there are In
every section. But Rev. A. ID.
skagga with record Of making H..
ass hearts beat as s.is5. lays claim
20 the title Of "marryingsst parson'
In America
Rev. skaggs has Just retired az a
minister Of the Christian church.
after 81 years service In Missouri.
Kansas Oregon and Washington.
His record for marriages averages
lis OF nearly ten month. two a
week. during that length OF time.
III they're going 60 marry. you
cant stop Them" said Rev. skaggs.
As long As u 10 legal | marry
than"
And now that he 10 out OF the min.
i~try. the ''marryinEest paraon' In.
tends to Sc, still greater records for
matrimonial ceremonies lie has en.
gagged cottage just acrous the
street from the local courthouse. the
Crrfna Green to which clipping eop.
pies flee from all over tho Pacific
Northwest
A sign. REV. A. u. sknggN. =
draws 10 his little parior scores Of
the transient wooern who came here
10 wed Last year he performed sos
marriages
In mos, cases these couples arc
alone. or accompanied by but one
friend. In that event Mrs. skagEs
takes a hand In the ceremony By
becoming one OF the witnesses.
THE man IN usually the more
nervous" says Rev. skaggn. "Some
poor fellows get 30 frightened they
don't know what they are saying.
The women. tho. are the cool
ones. They usually make the a..
rangements with me for tho wed.
ding.
The average matrimonial fee paid
me has been s.. Some men. tho
have paid $40 or more--whIle other
grooms have walked out without Civ.
Ing anything. But | marry them
whether they pay a fee or not
But marriages are not the minis.
ter's only claim 10 greatness. He
has baptized 1923 people 90 date.
while In the early days Of the mis-
slonary rssnis,ry In the West no was
20 much in demand for funerals that
he became known as the "burying
parson."
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13

thing Of some 10 summers came
rushing in excl,edly whispering that
nhs was clipping and that someone
was In pursuit. one look at her an
Gent face and wondered who could
be pursuing and why. She WAS get
ting all the THRU Of is.year.old
with her parents a block behind her.
and rad things--oh. yes--rnar-
riages at death beds: that saddesi Of
all spectacics the Girl who marrses
the man TO save him. or the mar
rage Of December and May.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13
Indian Freed of
Staying Dry Agent

THE DAf.fsEs. Or. Oct. is.--Phil'
lip Warren. Indian. charged with the
FIRST degree murder OF Grover G.
Todd. prohibition agent. near Grand
Ronde three weeks ago was acauis-
ted by jury In county court here
yesterday.
He will be tried In the January
term Of court for the murder OF
Glenn ". Price. prohibition agent.
killed with Todd while the two Of
ficers. u was alleged. were trying
10 arres, Warren for violation OF
the volatead act.
The Jury was out 10 hours.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13
Take Your Time
ny REy. y. VAN HORN

Matches arc still made In
heaven. bu, there are too many
Lucifcr matches ON the market.
4 match begins with a spark. and
II II 10 q good match. u burns
clear and bright 10 the end with.
cut npufter or smoke.
A match made OF whims and
passions u likely TO blow out In
the first wind.
That IL why I am against the
hasiy marriage. They play too
great part IN the nup,iai mar.
kst.
One trouble In that n IL ms easy
60 get wedding license aE
hunting license.
Perhaps We might do well 20
return 10 the old custom % bans
announcing tho wedding three or
four weeks In advance.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13
Paper Advertising
Shows Big Increase

NEW YOTtN. Oct. ts.--T~o hun
dred million dollars 10 TO be spent
for newspaper advertising in this
mex, ~ months. the American Aaso
citation Of Advertising Agencies IN
session here today. announced.
This money haa been put In the
hands % the advertising agencies BY
s. 600 American manufacturers
The entire advertising quota Ia
$3.50. 900. ooo.
THIS Ia n huEc Increase over the
amount expended las, year. Il was
pointed out. The budget for all
classes Of advertising iast year was
tis7. 900. 900.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13

Surprised In the act Of looting the
office OF Dr. Herman Bella. on the
tenth floor Of the Cobb bldg. Thurs
day afternoon. dope addict grappled
with DIR. Bella and. after a furious
struggle. escaped.
Or. Bella ovcrpowered the man.
but was forced 20 let him go when
the fellow. In desperation. used his
teeth and finger nails on the doctors
face
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13

OAKLAND. Cal. Oct. is.--what IL
the marriage question:
The Rev. Francis Van Horn should
be qualified TO answer. for thru more
than 1900 wedding ceremonies he
has performed he has made an In
tennive study of why matches go
right or wrong.
The marriage question IL one that
the contracting parties must an
nwcr.~ he haya. Briefly. u n; Can
we afford ~
Tho high cost 81 living IL more
than a subject for car,oonistr. II
strikes ~ tho very roots OF human
society.
THE young man must present
himself with tho question; WIN my
modest salary make home for the
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13
GOLD FOUND
AT OROVILLE

oRoVfLLE. Wash. Oct. is.--For
the second time IN the history Of
orovilie. gold has been discovered
here
Riley coyie, proprietor. has
brought 20 town several ounces OF
gold. including several nuggets. that
he picked up at Gold Bar. on the
Similkameen river Riley has leased
claim and says he will develop u.
Gold first was discovered here In
1855 by party OF frospectorH from
California. They took cut tiso. 600
worth IN two years. when their
claims apparently were worked out.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13
Most Widely Known
Negro Passes Away

Newton Coleman. said 10 be the
most wildly known colored man In
the Pacific Northwest. died at his
residence. 1913 Path ave. Thursday
morning after lingering illness
The funeral win be held Sunday at
2.3e D. m. at Mt. Zion Baptist
church. 18th ave. and Madison sf.
Coleman was born In slavery In Har-
risonburg. Ky.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13
Women Lead Fight
for Wet Amendment

CANTON. o., Oct. is.--The Ohio
Federation OF Labor yesterday went
on record in favor of the proposed
light wine and beer amendment TO
the Ohio constitution.
Women members led the fight TO
secure the state convention support
OF the proposal.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13

PORT ANGELES Mrs. William
Ulberg, her son. Robert. 8 years. and
Albert Anderson narrowly escape
drowning when auto driven by Mrs.
UIberg backs off highway into Lake
Crescent.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13

chapter. Order Of the Eastern Star
Mrs. Monkey IL survived b. her hus-
band. Richard W. Morley. and three
daughters. Maxine. Helen and Ma.
dine.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13
Colds
Special for
Saturday Until Noon
Tailored
Top Goats
$14.95

College WON EN- and young
business women will be for
tunate in availing themselves
Of this Saturday morning Coat
opportunity.
Tailored Top Coats Of heather
mixtures, navy blue velour and
plaid back coatings; also. Coats
of Velour and Bolivia with fur
or plain collars. Extraordinary
values at SLABS each.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-13

FUNERAL SERVICES for Mrs
Mildred Abbse Moxiey. ~. who died
Wednesday. will be held ut p m.
Sunday. at the Buserworth morsu
cry. under the auspices OF Doric
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

Following is written statement
issued Saturday by c. J. Clark, one
of the candidates for mayor of the
city of Americas, in which the can
didate gives the voters his views or
the local race:
The time has come when the yot-
ers of Americus are to be called upon
to chosee their chief executive, a
mayor. What are you going to do
at this very important moment in
selecting a competent man for the
place? Are you going to select from
the field men who have filled pub
lie office for years? Do you think
the fact that one has been in office
for a long portion of his life should
qualify him' for this high office?
If you are looking for an office-hold-
er, then | am disqualified.
''If you wish to continue the same
old regime as in the past, then |
am not your man.
Does your friendship for person
qualify him for the office? Are you
trying to pick the most popular man?
Then am afraid some one else has
the edge on me, as | have never at
tempted to practice policy and as
mayor / might appear to be cold
blooded.
"If you desire to vote Tor me
simply on account of the fact that
you are my friend, ] would advise
you to let the other man have your
vote, unless you regard me capable
and the best man for the office.
Then vote for the man you believe
Continued on Page Two.)
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

My husbAad-ia aaking-all-t this
trouble for revenge because | left
him and wouldn't return" is Mrs
McNally's explanation.
There are no children missing
nothing but two big china dolls he
used to rock on his knees SO the
neighbors would see.
"He was ashamed because he had
no children. l remember that he
advertised for some to adopt, just a
month before he says | bad the
twins.
1t hurt him to have the neiGhbors
think he was old, and l got the dolls
to appease him, He knew they were
dolls, and not babies, all the time.
Il often took the dolls out for an
airing in a double baby carriage,
as if they were real children. real
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

by others, ---e.
Mrs. Mary Griffiths, a practical
nurse who lives next door to the
McNallys, says she attended Mrs.
McNalIy, and saw, not dolls, but
two babies, alive at birth.
81 even saw them nursed," says
Mrs. Griffiths. "But whenever any
body would enter the room, Mrs.
McNally would cover their faces.
She explained this by saying the
children had weak eyes and it was
necessary to shield them from light.
"One morning, though, l came in,
and saw her wiping blood from the
mouth Of one baby / thought the
child looked rather dead After that,
| did not see either of the twins
faces again." Mrs. Griffitbs told
prosecutors, they say.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
YMAN And
Girl. NEAR WHEN
CRIME OCCURRED
Police Have Afiavif From VIII
ness OF Murder AT
Farm
ESTABLISH MOTIVE.
New Jersey Case Near Solution,
According To Authorities

NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J., Oct. 21
Supported by information in an
affidavit by a witness to the Hall
Mills murder, the authorities are con-
fident the mystery will soon be 5olv-
ed. With guards keeping the lead
ing characters in the drama under
surveillance, no fear is felt that sus-
rected persons might escape.
Working independently of all 9TH
or investigating forces, Prosecutor
Stricken, of Middlesex county, pre-
pared to question at least 5 persons
in an effort to obtain sufficient evil
dencc to warrant an arrest.
\ vcstryman Of Rev. Halls church
is said to have been in the neigh
Jorlood of the Phillips house in COM
rauy with a young woman mem
Der Of the church the night of TIE
murder, will be questioned.
Investigators intimate they have
established a motive but some links
in the chain Of evidence are not prop
erly forged.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
KlWANIS; ARTIST
HERE THURSDAY
J. Lewis Ellis Brings Home Good
News From Convention
Amcricus Girls Popular

Jules Brazil, Of Toronto, Canada,
The unofficial "Official Entertainer
for international Kiwanis," will be
present at the dinner rendered The
Lions and Rotarians next Thursday
night in the Windsor Hotel, by the
local KiWanis club.
Jules is Just about the greatest
card yet" Lewis Ellis said Saturday.
He was in the district convention
at Savannah last week and we in
duced him to come over and be with
lis next Thursday, for the celebra-
tlon Of the 3 local clubs, lie sings,
plays, talks, jokes and is a general
alI-round good fellow-and it is all
eZtemporaneous, with him. Every
Awanian knows him and loves him.
The Americus Kiwanis delegates
returned Saturday morning from
savannah where they were in scs-
SION Thursday and Friday. In the
party were Lewis Ellis, lieutenant
governor Of the Southern district Of
Georgia; Mr.. and Mrs. w NJ. Hum
9er, Bradley Hogg, Miss Susaa Stall
lngs and Miss Melva Clark, and DR.
Carl Minor, president of the locaI
club.
Again we bring homo the bacon"
SAID Lewis Ellis, cor more accurate
" Sura1, opd RToI,,, l.nr,.LL r,o,,,o
inc bacon. This is the second time
Amerlcus KiWau'5 has taken all
prizes, for we moppcd up last year
at Macon. We were presented with
Il handsome banner costing not less
than $4,000 for furnishing the best
stunt or entertainment Miss Clark
and Miss Stallings was in hourly de-
mand, From one luncheon place 10
another, the delegates led them and
il was late in the afternoon before
The poor girls even got spoonful
OF salad. All the credit goes to
them.
George Galloway, first presi-
oent Albany Kiwanis and vice-presi-
oent-manager of the Albany Grocery
company, was elected to succeed me
as district lieutenant governor.
Tell the Lions and the Rotarians
Ihat Jules Brazil viii be with us
thursday and nig.ht-and that spells
large night, for ALL"
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
TWO KILLED IN
AUTO ACCIDENT
Adjutani General Van Holt Nash
Is One Of The Victims

GRIFFIN, Oct. 2f. - Adjutant
General J. Van Holt Nash and Lieut..
H. Nj. Butler, Of Atlanta, were killed
at $50 O'Clock last night when an
automobile in which they were riding
plunged down an embankmcnt four
and a half miles from Griffin.
Major Charles Cox, commander Of
the Atlanta battalion of the Geor-
eia National Guard, suffered broken
ribs and broken collar bone. Lieut..
Il. A. Helms, of Atlanta. who was
driving, was unhurt, except for
bruises.
The officers were returning to
Atlanta from Jackson, where they
had attended during the afternoon a
barbecue rendered the Georgia In
fantry Officers association by the
officers Of the Jackson rifles and
Major ]. E. MalleGt, II the quar-
termaster corps of the guard.
Riding along after dark on
stretch Of road unfamiliar to them,
the officers came to an mpaved
stretch of short length, where sew
crs were being laid. Although no
clear vision Of how the accident hap
pened could be given, it was believed
that Licutenant Hins l)st control
Of the car when it hit the unpayed
road.
General Nash's neck was broken,
his fellow officers found when they
picked his body,ur. Lieutenant But
Ter was crushed internally, bat was
rushed to Griffin hospital by peo-
ple who came along in another AUTO
mobile. He died half an kour after
the accident.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
CORALOU VINSOh
GUILTY,
GETS LIFE TERN
Had Been Sentenced To EIaf :
For Murder OF Husband
GRANTED NEW TRIAL.
Enameiiateiy Enters Court, Plead
Guilty And Is Given Life

ATLANTA, Oct. 21.-Mrs. Cora
Lon Vincent, sentenced to death for
killing her husband, Dr.. w. D. Vim
cent, here last March, was granted
a new trial by Judge Humphries in
the Fulton Superior court today.
She Immediately entered a plea Of
guilty and was sentenced to lifa
term in the state prison,
The case was unusual, as she was
the first woman sentenced to death
in many years.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

HAMMOND, Ind, Oct. 21.-Dolls
o. babies?
Which were the tiny things neigh
bors say they saw wrapped in swad-
ding clothes in the home of Frank
McNaIly here?
On the answer hangs a woman's
life.
Mrs. McNaIly, 2G years old Is
on trial, charged by hcr husband, 55,
with numbering twin babies he says
were born to them Dee. 8, 1921.
She maintains her husband forced
her to nurse dolls and pretend they
were his own flesh and blood in order
to appease his craving to be known
as a father.
The case has no analogy in Grim
inal history.
The defense will endcavor to prove
tifT1r i TGTTd1 p6cuIiarity of the hus-
band--a possible twisted psychology
made him believe that he was
fondiing real babies when he held
the china dolls at his breast and
kissed them.
And the police, owing to their
failure to find the bodies of the
twins, and the husbands admission
that he had never seen them, appear
to be a bit skeptical.
#
Hammond does not Know what to
think.
Several people say they saw the
McNally twins.
But none Of these will say he
heard them cry,
McNally's charges are supported
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
LASKER CALLS LIQUOR
RULING BIG BLOW

CHICAGO, Oct, 21.-Across the
banquet board A. D. Lasker, chair
man of the Shipping Board, 5old At
toruey General Daagherty and other
banqueters that the attorney generals
recent ruling that all shifts entering
American waters must be dry was
ihe greatest bolw that could have
happened to the American merchant
.narine.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
CLINE WANTS THOROUGH
AIRING OF ALL CHARGES

CHICAGO, Oct. 21.--A thorough
airing of all charges against his Of
flee. will be demanded, Charles F.
Cline, United States district attor-
ney, said after studying the report
by the special investigators Of af-
fairs of the federal prosecutors Of
fee for the last three years.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
A.MERIcgJS HOLDS
ALBANY TO TIE
Football Game One OF Best In
High School Circles-Ends
With Score 1913

The Albany High football team was
played to a standstill by the Ameri-
Gus warriors on the ocal gridiron
Friday afternoon.
The game was witnessed by large
crowd of the two rival cities.
The teams were evenly matched
with Albany having a slight advant-
age in weight.
Albany won the toss and received; /;
they were held for three downs and
on the fourth lost the ball on fun
bic, Merritt recovering for Americua
on Albany's 35-yard line.
On the first play Hooks, the fashy
little halfback, swept around right
end and evaied the entire Albany
team for Americus' first touchdown.
Buchanan drop-kicked goal.
Americas kicke to Albany and held
them for downs and forced them 90
punt, Buchanan returning the punt
Is yards, placing the ball on the
50-yard line.
From this point Americus on
straight line burks and end runs, with
Dixon, Hooks, Johnson and Buchanan
carrying the bail, placed the ball on
Albany's 5-yard line and Johnson on
an off-tackIe play phshed the oval
over for Amerehs' second touchdown
Buchanan failed in his attempt 10
place-kick. A.nericus 10; Albany O..
Albany scored twice and then the
ball see-sawed up and down the field
for che remainder of the game. In
the last few minutes of play Hooks
got away for about 40 yards, placing
the ball on Albany's 3o-yard line.
With the ball on Abany's t2-yard line
the whistle sounded, ending the game.
/ The score:
AMERICUS ALBANY
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
GEORGE ADDRESSES
BIG GATHERING

LEEDS, England, Oct. 21,-(By
the Associated Pres.) Former Pre-
mier Lloyd George, speaking at a
great meeting of coalition imperials
here, declared "the banner of party
strife" lad been hoisted at a re-
cent meeting Of Conservatives which
voted against the continuing of coal
ition.
He asserted that the combination
which had achieved victory in the
late war had been brought to an
end not because it had ceased to
serve the nation but because the par
ty was not getting enough of It.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
HAMMER SLAYING CASE.
BEGINS IN LOS ANGELES
Mrs, Clara PhiIiins Rests In Jail
After First Day In Court

LOS ANGELES, Oct. 21.-Mrs.
Clara Phillips, accused of beating
Mrs. Alberta Meadows to death with
a hammer, rested in cell at the
county Jail after her first day of
trial There was no session of court
today.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
CLARK MAKES
ASTATLEMENI
Candidate For Mayor Asks Per-
finent Questions OF Oppon-
ents

The Times-R Recorder will not sup
port any candidate in local politics,
believing The citizens are fully cap
able of selecting their own civic
officials. TO give every voter in
the municipality all the informa-
tion and enlightenment possible on
the opinions Of the candidates, the
Times-Recorder will publish any
reasonable statement issued by
either of the candidates, believing
that such statements are beneficial
to the voters and constitute real
news.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
UNITED STATES MARSHALS
CONTINUE SEARCH FOR MEN
Trying To Round Up Gang Of
Bond Thieves

MINNEAPOLIS, Oct. 21-United
marshals continued their search
today for persons indicted by the
federal Grand jury charged with vio-
l.tion If !ic penal ,ode in connection
with the dls)):l'irn of binds sto:en
IN the mai trust robberies in >"w
York and Chicago.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

Substitutions: Albany, Freeman
for Pate; Pate for Cook; Arthur for
Bierman; Davis for Brisbois; Tomlin
for Rohse; Brosbois for Tonilin.
Americus: Everett for Dixon; Broad
hurst for Reed.
Touchdowns-Abany, Royals (2);
Americus, Hooks, Johnson. Goals
after touchdowns, Royals, Buchanan.
Officials: Chappell (Tech) ref
cree; Bailey (Ga.) dmpire; Bolton
fMercer) head linesman; Harris and
Cargill, time-keepers. Time of qrs.
Is Minis.
Amel.icus 41S 0 0 Ola
Albany ....:s ........., q Z 6 o---l3
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
MCURTAIN AGAIN LIVES
THROUGH NIrE HORROR

WCuRTAIN, Okla, Oct. 81. =
This quiet little mining camp is liv-
l0g' again through the sorrow that
oetell the community in 1912 when
'5 men lost their lives in Sanbois
coal mine.
! Today MeCurtain is buryiag the
: men n, killed in4yesterday's disaster
q the Progressive minesr
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

ALL PARTIES IN
ENGLAND WANT
new ELECTION
Lloyd George Says Banner Of
Party Strife Has Been
Raised

LONDON, Oct. 21.-(By the As
sociated Prcss.) All political par
ties welcome the prospect Of inn
mediate general elections The
Conservative especially feel it
would greatly strengthen their ad-
miniatration if they were able to get
a definite mandate from The country.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21
IS PERSONS DROWNED.

SAN JOSE. Costa Rica, Oct. Il
Fifteen persons were drowned by
floods which swept the Crotina dis
triet. There was great damage. and
heavy property loss.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

i &
McNally, the husband, refuses to
talk. His son, L. f. McNally, told
of visiting his fathers house last
April, and discovering that the sup
posed twins were nothing but
dolls"
He took no interest in the child
which was expected when the twins
were born, because he did not be-
licve it was his, but rather, by her
previous marriage" said the son,
When / told him that | had dis
covered the twins were only dolls,
he broke down and cried, and said
he, too, had known 1t for several
weeks"
McNally and his young wife were
married in April, 1921, through an
advertisement.
He wanted Children" says the
wife. 81 told him it was impossible
for me to have children. The doll
scheme was then adopted"
What really happened at the Nc
Nally home in December?
Even the authorities are hopeless
ly puzzled.
Digging up the McNally yard and
search of other places have revealed
no traces of the twins.
But neither has search produced
the china dolls.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1922-10-21

According to estimate the human
BODY contains microbe population
equal to . thousand million times
the whole human population Of the
world. {, -.