davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20
German 700, 900 Increase
of Babies Over Death
Rate in One Year
Alarms France
By Stephane Lauzanne
Editor IN Chief Of "Le Matin"

M RANCE seems to awaken at last
I'D to the danger Of depopulation--.
n she has just heard that in 1921
tho surplus of births over the
deaths In France was only 100000,
whereas this surplus reached 10000
in Germany.
Strange to say it is not so much the
war which has opened everybody's ewes
as the after-war. How many French
mothers weep to-day because, having
mad but an only son and having given
MN to his country, they now remain
chiidless? How many French fathers
are lamenting the absence, near them
IN their work, in their industry. of one
or several sons to help them?
This is particularly true where the
French peasant is concerned, who. II
must not be forgotten, is the back-
bone Of France. Since the war he b.s
gone back to his field, and he lamanrs
because he has not enough arms at his
disposal for blowing, sowing and for
producing. In his rude common sanso
ne understands that the fecunditv ~
the human race is the generator Of all
material and moral progress. It IL
when there are families with many
cntidren In country that everythinp
prospers in it, that the uncn,tivated
lands disappear, that the sub-soi1 /.
EXPORTED :. that the industries Increase.
that well being reigns in all the homes
Never was the word of French farnosx
q the eighteenth century truer. "a
father who has only one child i lie
slave; II he has six he is their ~ ata,. !,
Inc government, the nar,iamnt
and public opinion are firmly decided
20 40 all that is possible to ston tba
evii and TO encourage by every means
possible the reproduction Of the race
For the first time in the chamhar
Of Deputies the group Of the fathers
o large families has been formed
lhey nave chosen as their president
t'eneral Gastelnau, who had seven cb;,.
dren, three Of whom died on the ba,.
tiefieids. He acquired great authority
very rapidly and Interviews usefullv n
all legislative discussions in favor -
large families He obtained fos -
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20
Export of Japanese.Made
Hosiery Gains Ran;dlr

TOXIC, July Il by Nall .+Tag.
has been remarkable developnsut 4
the export of hosiery from Jaran Is r.
cent years. Dpring the first half 4
this year 1,s22,057 pairs we're exnsrteS
the value being 7,s74,s24 YEN. This /,
an increase of 52s.3e1 pairs, yaIsea i.
2yS4S,Sss yen. compared with the ssn.
period last year. British Indis leads i,
the list Of importers. with the PhiIi,-
pines, Africa, the Dutch Indies, Ass-
eraiia, China and Hongkong felIsssg
in the order mentioned,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20
Marriage and Divorce
Shosp Gaif. il. England
Remarkable Increase IL. the
Weddings Of Boys Under
20 Years Of Age Is Barred
LONDON. Angus

i-01SDOIS, 1sugust 2.
~ ONE interesting and novel facts
o. respecting Englaud's social prog
X ress and national health are re-
- vealed in the current report of
ehe Reg1strar-General OF England, 8
honumehsai WORK OF osl ciosely-print-
90 pages. more children were born
tnan ever oe1ofe. wnlle the death rate
u - per l'ooo was the lowest re-
'oioed' tseVer oefore were there so
many marriages IN one year The d.
Vofce rate continues to increase. the
NUMBER peing thrice that OF any year
pi'of % lsls.
There was a striking growth of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20

ceremonies which were held in
Parls last year in honor of Napoleon's
centennial will be as nothing in COM
parlson with those that will be held
throughout France to fete the one
hundredth anniversary of Pasteur's
birth. which win be celebrated even in
the tiniest village of the land. And it
10 only just that it should be so. for.
While Napoleon only covered his coun-
try with glory, Pasteur's genius served
all humanity.
Louis Pasteur was the greatest sci
enlist France has ever had. He was n OF
doctor, We. he revolutionized the
practice of medicine. He was not 81 man.
afacturer, vet he revolutionized the in.
dustry OF the world. 1t was he who
discovered the germs that infected the
air and the means to render them in
necnnus. 1t was he who discovered
the vaccine that saves the lives of
men from the disastrous effects fhat
usually followed the bite Of maa
animal 1t was he who discovered the
parasite that killed the silkworm. and
thus held up the impending ruin that
menaced the entire silk industry in
france. 1t was he who discovered the
marvellous process that preserved
wines and beer, and it is of him fhat
the great Engiishnan, Huxley. said /.
We're it possible to calculate the
Wealth with whieh this man has on
dowed the world we would see that
the figure was greater chan the wa,
indemnity that France paid Germany
IN 1871 It is 20 him that it was nos.
! sieie to erect monument with the
inscription, "From a Grateful Human.
ity to the Greatest Of Scientists /.
Never has this inscription been more
true, for Pasteur, by his discoveries.
must have saved as many human lives
as the Kaiser had sacrificed by smbi-
tion.
Bnt this great man was above 81,
q good man. II is perhaps because OF
TINS that he appeals most to the hearts
81 Frenchmen. He worked For wears
and Years for the very modest salary
Of Loco francs s$2a0) a year. Ard
when he was about to marry he wrote
his future father-in~law letter which
has since become famous.
MI father" che letter runs in part,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20

LONGoNs august ~.
<<|T@HE most serious and test
ing time probably has nci
yet arrived Premier
Lloyd George has warned
IN the course Of speech on the Indian
situasion in the House of Commons, iii
which he declared that Britain will In
no circumstances reiinquish her re-
spcnsibiiities in hdia.' Referring to
the new constitution which has been
in operation since the beginning OF
last year he used some significant
words ut remains to be seem" he
said. whether an experiment OF this
kind adapted to the Western genius,
and which the West has PERFECTED for
Us own conditions and It's own tenn
permanent, is suitable to India
Since the arrest and imprisonment
OF siahatma Gandhi a few months ago
curtain of silence has fallen over
India, and what little news there has
been obtained is mostly OF reassur-
ing kind. Tie non-co-operation move
meat. for which Candhi was respon-
sible, appears to be quiesceut, the ex-
tremlst volunteers seem to be losing
enthusiasm, LITTLE is heard about civil!
dlsebedieacc and tae masses generally
ere apathetic. In these circumstances
the average Englishman has been dis
posed 10 take It for granted that tire
situation il India has improved
through the application Of the new
policy, and the grave tone OF the Prime
Minister'S statement. has been some
toifig Of y shs ck 10 opinion here.
irelaier Locks to Future
IN Delivering Wrrning
lie apparently was looking 10 the
faturc tather thar 4. TIE present. for
there is 30 doubt, n the view of re-
spons.bie circlss here IN touch with
ldi that The position there in fact
non is Ii great deal better than II Was
4 ew rson.n3 hack. There wss goed
lea q ,ticism hege Of the delay Of
the authorities in arresting Gandhi.
aet eeeag seems u have heen
justified by r@sulss.
. e 0 kea Ne letting
&c g N ,he words of
p ia tir 'eteiy respoa j.
,ss a,r ad'aa sd.asn sation, com
= - - to { j 'une. but there
$ = ! 3 thin ~ citing a fire burn
81 h IL keta in err rf.{pS
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20

man as srinivasa sastri, who was
midas representative at the Wash
ngton conference. Sastri, who is also
one of the Indian representatives in
the League of Nations Assembly, Is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20

in Kenya we can no longer support
them"
This question of the status Of
Indians elsewhere within the empire
has Strained the loyalty even of such
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20
PARIS, August u.

-E% RANCE is preparing to cele-
I'D brate Pasteur's centennial next
n fall with unusual eclat. The
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20

l-JtSDUANJ AUGUST z.
-N ONE interesting and novel facts
sa respecting Englalid's social prog
ress and national health are re-
vealed in the current report of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20

LONDON, Aug. S.
FTS HERE Is trouble in the Brit
4 ish Empire very near its
- heart. Sir Robert Horne
f.n1rn,,s ,ii,n f,l,,.snAl...
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20
BY Ware B. Wells

LONDON. August H.
<<|MSHE most serious and test
ing time probably has net
yet arrived Premier
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-08-20

MN RANCE seems to awaken at last
A to the danger of depopulation-
n she has just heard that in 1921
tho surplus of births over the
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

by selling short when S. v. White.
the well known Wall Street deacon
of Plymouth Church, tried to corner
anthracite stocks; but he lost most
of it little later in a bear campaign
in Delaware and Hudson against
John Jacob Astor. He was gaining
invaluable knowledge and experience
all this time, of course; but he is de-
scribed as having been nothing
more than a skillful and prosperous
Wall Street broker" during the
period between 1876 and 1881. inclu-
sive. The impulses and ideals which
were eventually to make him a leader
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

father went out to California at the
time of the first great gold discov
cries there. to accept a call from a
mountain parish. but he was delayed
so long on the voyage out that he
found another rector in charge when
he reached his destination, and he re-
turned to New York disappointed and
disconsolate on the 18th Of April.
1851. when his boy was three years
old. ut would perhaps have afforded
him some consolation" says that
sons biographer, "as he thus re-
turned unsuccessful from his first
great venture. if he could have fore
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
E. H. HARTMAN, MASTER OF RAILROADS
A Survey BY Judge WILLARD BARTLETT.

the paper securities represented. In
order to do this he needed large cap
ital, and as he approached his thir-
tieth year he began to make and save
money, not for its own sake. nor for
the luxuries and pleasures it could
give him, but rather for the use he
could make of il as an instrument in
the control and direction of the
worlds larger affairs. He wanted to
act-to achieve-and the possession
or control of capital was an indis-
pensable prerequisite"
In 1879 Mr. Hartman married Miss
Mary Williamson Averell of Ogdens-
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
In 1870 Edward
H. Hartman began

business on his own account, pur-
chasing seat in the Stock Ex-
change with $4,000 borrowed from his
uncle, which he was able to repay
within one year out of the brokers'
commissions which he earned in that
period. After confining himself
strictly to a commission business for
three or four years he had accumu-
lated sufficient. capital to venture
upon individual speculations in his
own behalf. In 1874 he made $3.50, 900
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

Union Pacific and it's recoLstruc-
ton and reequipment, the acqui-
sition and reconstruction of TIE
Southern Pacific and the rescue Of
the Erie from bankruptcy by per-
sonally taking up its short term
notes to the amount of SIS 900, ,00a.
The details of these operations
some of them nothing less than
gigantic-cannot be gone into in such
a review as this. Indeed, it is only
because Mr.. Kennan's memoir of Mr..
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

The World of Letters as Others See IT,.
New Novels in Varied Form.
Pierre and Luce-The Kinghsher-The
Dark House-The First Person Singular
The Haunting-The Unspeakable Gentle
man-Lady Bountful-Hdden Gold-Mud
Hollow-Plaster Saints-The Eight Strokes
of the Clock-The Love Chase-A Son of
the Sahara-The Yellow Poppy-Home-
Phases of Constructive Religious Thought. I3
American Books in Denmark.
By Grace Isabel Colbron. -. IA
immortality and the Critic" By Edna Kenton. IS
For Women Readers in the
Current Magazines. ;. IS
Books of the Week Observation-Disclosures. Is
Conscientious Projectors-and Others.
By Thomas L. Mason. :. I6
The New York herald., 1922-05-07
TABLE OF TENTS

Edward H. Hartman Master of Railroads.
Survey by Judge Willard Bartlett.
The Iron Man in Industry. ry................
The Story of Sergeant York. ...............
The Blocking of Zeebrugge e...............
Literary Pilgrimages at Home and Abroad.
VI What Remains of Dickens's London.
In Three Parts. Part III -.
The Whispering Gallery. BY Donald Adams. q
Lloyd George and London Punch. ...........
The Book Factory. BY Edward Anthony. >.
Wells on Wells lls...................
Recent Verse of Varying Values.
BY w. S. Moody. 6
Odd Drama of Old Japan.
BY Algernon Tassin,...
The Narcotic Problem
Chronicle and Comment.
By Arthur Bartlett Maurice
Authors Works and Their Ways. . 8
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

b urg, N. Y. I n e
daughter of the lea'i-
ing banker in that
city, who was presi-
dent of the Ogdens-
burg and Lake Cham
plain Railroad Com
pany. 1t is said tnat
the first time f. III.
Harriman's n am e
ever appeared in con-
nection with a rail-
road was when the
workmen in this COM
pany's shops painted
it upon the locono-
tive of the special
train provided by the
brides father for the
beginning of the we'd
ding journey. Els
activities in the rail-
road field began with
the purchase and re-
construction of the
Sodus Bay and South
ern Railroad and The
sale Of it to the Penn
sylvania, 1SSl-1Ss3.
This an S a C I ! D n
yielded him a har.d-
some profit, which he
attributed largely to
the Improvement in
the physical condi-
ton of the line while
he owned it. greatly
enhancing its value
to an inteniing pur-
C h a S e r. Thereafter
up to the time of his
death Mr.. Hartman
was a prominent fig
ure in the greatest
enterprises and con-
troversies t h a t agi-
tated the American
railway world = such
as the extension and
Improvement of the
Illinois Central. the
reorganization of l..a
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

seen that in that same
month of April, just
fifty-five years later,
his baby son, Edward
Henry, would start
from New York for
the Far w e S I e r n
State where he him.
self had failed, and.
would there put his
wealth, his power and
the resources Of his
two great railway
system at the service
of the people of San
Francisco, when they
had been ruined and
m a d e homeless b y
earthquake and fire"
Our information
concerning the sons
education is exceed
ing meager. All we
know is that it was
acquired in the pub
lie schools of Jersey
City, when his father
settled there upon his
return from the Pa
cific coast, and at
Trinity School in New
York. His schooling
ended when his busi-
ness career began, at
the age of Ia, as a
messenger at a sal
ary of SIS q week in
the Stock Exchange
house of d. G. Hays.
1t is probable that
his recollections of
Trinity School were
pie a S mt; for his
widow conveyed five
and one-half acres of
land in The Bronx to
the school in 1914, to
be used by the boys
as an athletic field.
III.
In 1870 Edward
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

in the financial world then began TO
influence and control his activities.
He had been satisfied for a time
with the mere buying and selling of
securities as a means of making
money for others and for himself;
but the stocks and bonds in which he
dealt were only symbols of real value,
and as he grew older and became
more conscious of his mental powers
he felt an ambition to manage and
control the material properties which
The New York herald., 1922-05-07

Continued oa FOIlolcino Page.
Evening star., 1922-02-12

cate to a veritable hair-trieger stage. And upon
the happy outcome depended, in a large meas
ure, the entire work of the conference, alto
gether separate from the Shantung affair in the
agenda. it If Shantung had gone un-
settled the fate Of the treaties submitted to the
Senate would be in doubt.
X X
President Harding told the Senate, when he
submitted the treaties last Friday for the con-
sideration of that body, that he believed with
all his heart the powers In conference have COM
bined to make the world safer and better and a
more hopeful place in which to live. Then he
expressed thought which goes to the heart
Of the simplicity Of the plan of the conference
1T was helpful thing" he said, Ito have
the conference reveal how common human
aspirations are and how easy it is when the task
is properly approached to reconcile our national
aspirations. There are mutual and essential in
terests affecting the welfare of all people and
the peace of all nations, and they cannot be
promoted by force.
"They can be revealed and magnifed in that
understanding which it is now proven the
ference of peace promotes. and the same un-
derstanding makes compulson and despoilment
hateful in the eyes of mankind"
x X X X
President Harding's address to the Senate
invoking support of the treaties. is said to have
had potential influence. dissipating the doubts
of some senator's upon some phases of the docu-
ments presented. He pointedly called attention
to the fact that the naval Limitation pact was
really carrying out what Congress had hitherto
declared it wanted done-a Limitation put on
armament-and that other treaties were in con-
formity with expressed aspirations and hopes of
Congress and the people.
The President also made it plain that none
of the treaties contains the germ Of war, and
senator's who had previously intimated their fear
that such might be the case afterward declared
themselves satisfied that the Presidents state
ment was exact.
X X X X
The best judgment Capitol Hill is that
the treaties will be ratified practically nego-
tiated, and within reasonably short time.
Democrats to keep the record straight are
pected to laud the superior virtues of the Will
son league of nations a panacea for world
ills. and to critcise the republicans for scrap
ping that enterprise. but not likely, it is
thought. to offer sustained opposition to ratif-
cation of the treaties.
Evening star., 1922-02-12
A Hundred Million Stockholders
Own Railroad Opening Up Alaska

$10o, ,3S9. Revenue received from docks
for the year. s23.oA2.45; and. with
$l15.31s Income from movement Of
baggage, express and other miscei-
laneous operations, the total earnings
were $33s,6s5.70.
There will be no net revenue for
some years to come. In the opinion
of men who have studied the situa-
ton, it win be perhaps four or five
years before the Alaska railroad can
be placed on paying basis. Ameri-
can tourists who now swarm Europe
to see natural scenery, which cannot
compare with Alaska, will eventually
"see Alaska first" and sooner or later
the tourist traffic will be a source OF
income. Mount Mckinley. 10000 feet
in altitude and the loftiest peak on
the North American continent, is but
q short distance from the line. and
with its completion Mount Mckinley
National Park will be accessible. If
return to normal, it is es-
timated by the Alaska railway COM
mission the prospective revenue of
the Alaskan railway will be in the
neighborhood of one million dollars
per annum, which does not include
any estimate for coal movements from
the Matanusaka coal fields to tide
water for the United States Navy.
4 Il X X
Private capital could not be induced
to build a railroad where returns on
investment could not possibly be ex-
pected for years to come, but the gov
ernment, knowing Alaska's resources,
had faith in its future. Today a ton
Of hay, corn or potatoes or other
necessities can be shipped to Fair
banks in three weeks less than for
merly, at a cost of $50, as against
$40 charged before the advent Of the
railroad. A marked reduction in the
cost Of living has already taken place,
for the cost Of oats in Fairbanks
has dropped from $140 to SO ton,
beef has been reduced to 25 cents a
pound, and wood, costing $3.50 cord
has given way to Ignite coal costing
$6 a ton, delivered. Alaska has the
riches, and in no other way could
they be developed than by opening up
the territory by giving it adequate
transportation facilities. The coun-
try will look forward with interest to
the happenings Of the next few years
in Alaska, where luxurious Pullmans
have now replaced the dog sleds which
formerly were the only means OF
transportation over the frozen wastes
Evening star., 1922-02-12
MEDICINES FOR RUSSIA.
President Issues Order Covering
Surplus Supplies.

Surplus, medicines, medical. surgi-
cal and hospital supplies. held by the
War. Navy and Treasury deartments
and the Shipping Board, will be made
available for Russian relief, under an
executive ORDER issued by President
Harding and made public yesterday.
The order is in accordance with
the resolution recently adopted by
Congress.
The supplies, the order said. will
be delivered to the American Relief
Administration within four months
from the date Congress passed its
resolution. January .2o,1s22. and will
not exceed $4,000, coo in original cost
to the government.
The relief association is authorized
to, make the distribution of the ma
terials through its own agencies or
those Of other relief organisations
working in Russia, which may he
found better, able to distribute the
supplies Ii certain localities.
Evening star., 1922-02-12
AND KINCS'' DEPART:
WASHINGTON BACK TO NORMAL

an outline Of the policy of this government say
ing they would like to know what would be pro-
posed
Never state secret better kept than
that one. 1t Is fact that even the most
hardened old prevaricator among the wise ones
wont to say mysteriousIy, II knew, but was not
allowed to divulge." had the temerity to claim
advance prescience in this instance Their hard
ihood failed them and for once they had to own
up to the truth.
Among the close and constant observers of
the conference In touch with it's varying phases
throughout the weeks, there was agreement Of
opinion that one Of the most notable features
Of the result was the state Of good feeling
which existed among the delegates representing
the several nations. 1t they carry home with
them and communicate to their nationals re-
hection of this spirit it will be worth much
all the tangible achievements.
No one can dispute the assertion that China
and Japan are drawn closer to each other; that
Japan and the United States relieved of a
certain feeling of suspicion and doubt thereto
fore existing Who can estimate the psychologi-
cal value of the entente created? The treaty
stipulations are set down in cold words, to be
lived up to- but underlying them underwriting
them. to borrow phrase from finance, is the
spirit Of amity and good will which brought
them forth and which stands az the surest guar
antee of their fulfillment.
ence and goes back with the delegates to per-
meate the nations.
X
When the secrets of the negotiations con-
ducted outside the sessions of the committees
are written in the memoirs of some Of the
notable participants. If ever they be. no more
interesting chapter will be disclosed. it is hinted
than the relation of the steps taken to bring
the Japanese and the Chinese together on Shan
tung Possibly the story Will never be told IN
its entirety. Mr.. Hughes. Mr.. Balfour. Baron
Kato. Dr. hoo, Minister SEE. and, in the end.
President Harding. will be the men who will
stand out in the narrative. The infinite tact.
patience and sasacity of these men in ehecting
that understanding in the face of what at times
seemed almost insurmountable difficulties. will
ever stand as q monument of diplomatic achieve
ment.
MIR. Hughes and Mr.. Balfour bore the brunt
of the delicate negotiations-and they were deli