The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1922-11-15
AMERICANS READY
FOR PEACE FARLEY

Washington, Nov. 14.-Ambassa-
dor Child, at Rome, and Minister
Grewart Berne, will be the Ameri-
can observers at the Near Eastern
conference at Lausanne, the State
Department announced today. Rear
Admiral Bristol, high commissioner
at Constantinople, will be named
associate commissioner as his other
duties will not permit him to be in
continuous attendance. In struc-
tions under which the American
group will act in presenting the
viewpoint of the Washington gov
ernment, but without taking any
part in the negotiations already are
EN- route to Mr.. Child.
Department officials would not
comment on the nature of the in
structions. The scope of American
participation in the proceedings at
Lausanne, however was quite clear
ly defined by. Secretary Hughes in
advance of receipt Of the actual in
Walton. In his communication to
the Allied governments of October
80, Mr.. Hughes said:
American Attitude
"To safeguard such (Amercan)
interests and to facilitate the ex-
change of views, the government of
of the United States is prepared to
| send observers to the proposed con-
ference if this action is agreeable
to the powers concerned. Without
| without participating in the nego-
tiations of the treaty of peace,
these observers would be able to in
dicate this governments position
in greater detail than is possible in
this aidemcmoirs and they could
also inform the American govern
ment Of the attitude of the other
powers in matters where are ma
! tual interests"
The points enumerated by Secre-
tary Hughes lay stress upon "the
maintenance of capitulations which
may be essential to the appropriate
safeguarding of non-moslem inter-
est" since that presentation is first
followed by "the protection, under
proper guarantees Of philanthropic,
educational and religious institu-
tions."
American interest in maintaining
equality Of commercial opportunity
in Turkish territory while en-
phasizcd at seevral points in Mr..
Hughes communication is left to
third place in this tabulated out
line of particular points of Amer
lean concern. The commercial as
pcct of the settlement in the Amer
lean view, thus apparently being
subordinated to considerations in
volving the personal status of
Americans in Turkey and to the
necessity Of securing protection
for religious minorities and phi
lanthropic enterprises in Turkey
Involved in the capitulations and
their maintenance is the whole
question Of existing Turkish law
and the fact that in all questions
Of personal status, such as mar
riage and divorce and many ether
matters that touch most most closely
the lives of individuals, Moslcm
religious authority is supreme in
Turkish courts. The capitulations
were set up in their present form
to meet that situation largely ant
to protect nationals Of Christian
nations by making them subject
to trial before mixed courts, witt
their own countrymen participat
ing or before consular courts. The
demand Of the Turkish Nationalist:
for complete judicial independence
and suppression of the capitula
tions would wipe out this protection
and it is certain that the American
observers at Lausanne will hav'
clear-cut views on this question t.
present.