davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

tor we found n number OF very fine
flint and chalcedony arrow points
and a number OF heavy gold beads
equal to about 38 English sover-
eisns In weight, beside fragments OF
pottery. alabaster and faience.
These arrowheads were characteris-
tic Libyan form, inconceivable In the
tomb Of a native Egyptian, or any
one habituated to the Egyptian
weapons OF the period. The first
ancestor, therefore. came from
more primitive form of life than pre-
vailed in Egypt at the time. and
from an area under Libyan influ-
cnce. These and similar discover
les proved that for two generations,
at least. the family was not far re-
moved from the primitive state.
The original weight OF gold In
these early tumuli graves must have
been astonishlngly large for such
small graves. Moreover. fragments
of fine vessels OF alabaster and deco
rated faience Of Egyptian manufac-
ture indicated a rich outfit of such
objects So IL was clear that the
chiefs of these early generations had
the control of large supplies of gold
and also access to Egyptian eX-
ports. The secret of the Importance
of Ethiopia in the middle and new
empires of Egypt and the power OF
the Ethiopian monarchy lay in the
geographical aks isS&S<saik. : var
ron land, when gave me sGiinS
power the control over exploitation
of the gold fields of the western
desert and over the trade routes be-
tween Egypt and central Africa.
at Is probably the old story. often
repeated in the histories of the
worlds empires. OF a fresh and Wig
orous tribe forcing its way to the
enjoyment of the resources of the
ancient empire which had become
softened by centuries Of prosperity.
Long before the time OF the first
ancestor at FL Kur'uw, the northern
Libyans had pressed into lower
Egypt and about 945 B. c. one of
them had gained the throne as She
soma l. From the facts discovered
at FL Kur'uw. it was probably In
the reign OF this Sesonq. or soon
after that the southern Lbyans, or
the Temehuw, began to press into
Ethiopia, as the brethren had done
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

had sent their ambassadors 10 all
the courts OF Assyria nnd western
Asia.
careful study Of the objects and
inscriptions found in these tombe
has given the Harvard Boston Art
Museum archcoioEists fun chron-
ological list of the kings Of Ethiopia
during this period. and knowledge
Of the condition ana developments
OF the remarkable arts ana crafts
or the time. II is stated thpt IN"
material discovered at Nuri and El
kur'uw can never be duplicated.
The manner iu which nrchcologists
cxcavatc a royal tomb is In Itself in
tcrcsling. ana lesson I'm the art OF
taking pains ana looking carfully
after details.
a crew OF trained workmon IL put
to work clearing She stairway lead
ing into the tomb. This had been
filled In after the funeral with the
clean debris left aftor tho cNcnva-
ton of tho rock -cut chambers ana
the building of the pyramid. Then
the plunderers came at some time or
other and dug n hole In tho cloan
filling OF each stairway which art
erward became stopped mp, partly
with the things the grave robbers
threw away as valuolcss and partly
with drift sand. The robbers were
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

men which were placed In these
tombs, insofar as they have been
preserved TO the present day, have
passed into the records of the expe-
dition. and although pieces OF sculp-
ture may yet be found in Ethiopian
temples, but very few OF the fine
products OF the other crafts may bo
expected--those of the goldsmiths.
the coppersmiths, the ivory carVers,
the makers of stone vessels. the
faience workers and the amulet cut
ters. In other words, the expedi-
tlon has established a practical mo-
nopoly of the royal works at Ethi-
opia."
with the above explanation, the
unique character OF the collection
OF Egypto- Ethiopian antiquities OBJ
IA lined by the Reisner expedition Is
made clear. Al the same time, the
historical material has opened up
new chapter in the history of the an
cient world. and reveals the story OF
great family which began as a
wandering tribe I'm the Libyan desert,
established a kingdom In Ethiopia,
conquered an empire in Egypt and
lost it's empire, but not its kingdom.
TO the greatest conquerors OF an
tiquity. the Assyrians, at the height
OF their power.
when one walks through tho
straPging village of FL Kur'Lw,
stretching along the desrt edge only
hundred yards from the bank OF
the Nile, the rock desert rise gently
before one. cut by watercourses, run
ming down to the alluvial valley
Just to the left OF the broadest OF
the "wadys" lies the highest OF the
knobs. with the late pyramid about
halfway up its slope. The other pyr-
amids are herdly visible from the
village. But the summit OF the
knoll is crowned by low heap or
rubhle, which marks for the trained
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07
MEXICO REV!VES
LIVESTOCK TRADE
Prominent Citizens Buying
Blooded Stock Frem
U. S. Breeders

MEXICO CITY-visions OF an
early return to the golden days Of
stock breeding that existed In Mexl-
co before the days of revolutions
have been magnified by the enthusi-
asm aroused by the race meet re-
Gently held here.
Before the devastating hand OF
civil war swept this republic Mexico
City was the home of the best car
riage and saddle horses and the
finest equipage to be seen on this
continent. 1t was rivaled only in
France and England. Nearly every
afternoon the principal thorough
fares of this oldest American capital
were lined with the wonderful turn
outs OF the most exclusive society
set. But war and the advent OF au-
tomobiles eliminated the horse, and
1t Is only during the administration
of President Obregon that general
interest in breeding has been re-
vived.
Mexico. a country almost without
roads, must depend on the horse in
the reconstruction period which is
AZ mana and for many years TO come.
Prior TO 1910 the breeding OF
nlooded horses was carried on eX-
tensively, but during the years OF in
ternal strife the large breeding
farms were depleted. and the indus
try practically abandoned. The ar
rival OF the American horsemen with
several hundred thorough breds i'm
mediately revived interest, with the
result that many of the horses
brought here to participate in the
racing were purchased by prominent
Mexican citizens.
Trcvino Purchases Horses.
Among the breeders who made
| purchases was General Perez Tre-
VINO, chief of the presidents staff,
VINO owns a large ranch in the state
Of Coahuila.
General Trevlno who is an en-
thusiastic racing fan. has expressed
himself as desirous OF improving the
hreed OF horses in Mexico and says
tnat ne proposes to give the use OF
his state.
Not only Is there n revival of In
teiest In the breeding OF horses hut
also In the breeding of cattle and
other farm animals. Recently a
trainload of blue-ribbon stock, I'm
charge of well-known American
breeders. made a complete tour OF
tnls country, At every stop the eXhi-
oition was well attended. and many
sales were reported by the manage
ment.
President Obregon Is anxious TO
see stock raising resumed on it's for
mer scale and is giving every en-
couragement to enterprises that will
further that end.
James +. O'Hara and Cad Bryan,
tr" or Baltimore, who last summer
punt in Mexico City the most mod
ern race. track In North America,
express themselves as highly pleased
with the first year OF their venture
IN Mexico and already are LAYING
their plans for the opening next fall.
bryan and O'Hara have made an in
vestment of approximately s400 900
IN construction OF the course and are
planning further work, including a
modern clubhouse.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07
of Early History Is Revealed When Ancient Tomb Uneahed

reached such a height OF power. and
a still greater wonder that they pre-
ferred to inhabit this remote spo,
while governing the rich and pleas.
ant land OF Egypt. AS the king OF
Egypt through a preceding age had
administered Ethiopia through his
viceroy. so now the king of Ethio-
pia ruled Egypt through his off.
GERS. The kings messengers went
from Napata and traversed a thou.
and miles OF the river valley before
they reached the old capital at Menu
phs. Tho king of Ethiopia wa,
known throughout the ancient world
and his ambassadors passed safely
under his protection to the powers
Of western Asia.
The imperial period of the Ethi-
opian Libyans was short-only about
eighty years In length--but the
character of that great family was
more clearly developed by adversely
than by prosperity. For they held
their Ethiopian kingdom far many
generations after their defeat by the
Assyrians. and passed their royal
power TO a line of kings who ruled
Ethiopia and Heroe for eight CEN
turi, or more.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

eye from the first sight a tumulous
grave OF the Nubian type.
To the north extends a row OF
five queens tombs. Curiously
enough this group is called, at the
present day, "Tombs of the daugh-
ters OF the Sheik" by the people OF
the village. and on top of the pyra-
mid of the late king stands a little
rubble shrine with fluttering flags
to which the native women make
vows and bring small gifts. usually
nickel coins, which they throw
among the stones of the shrine.
Showing how he arrived at his
conclusions AS 10 the history of the
tombs, Professor Reisner says:
"All the graves had suffered
grievously at the hands OF the spoil
ers. Not a name was found OF any
Of the ancestors. But archology is
not wholly helpless even in the face
of such difficulties. The spoilers
always dropped or overlooked some
thing, and in the debris of the
plundered grave of the first ances-
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07
G0MPERS SCOFFS
AT ONE BIG UNION

CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.
his own statements, no man visiting
the soviet was over treated better,
Yet in the few weeks ne was there
he lost 30 pounds. Immediately
upon his return Ia the United States,
he proceeds to organize the Trade
Union Educational league. prosum-
ably Foster is the educator. While !
am trade uuInnist from the ground
up, ! am first OF all an American,
and 80 long ms | live and retain tho
privilege OF "A Clcan-Cut card | will
follow whorc that card leads me in
the service OF my fellowman."
when Mr., Gumpors asserted that
the one big union movement had no
following i'm this country he sup
plcmeutrd It with the following eX-
planat0n.
Fosters Trade Union Educa-
tlunal league is developed largely
on paper. IL publishes the monthly
periodical, the Chicago Labor Her
aid, costly publication, appealing
To the dlsgruntlcd or, as Foster
calls them, the 'discQnteutGfi.' lie
asked them for no dues as members
of the league, because a subscription
to the paper Is counted as certificate
of membership"
Information coming to the presi'
dent Of the American Federation OF
Labor indicates that the one bis
union Is not progressing as salts
factorily as its leaders had antic
ipated.
IL have obtained a copy OF Il re
port made by one delegate TO a meet
ing held In Toronto five or slS
weeks ago, when the leaders of th'
movement got together to discus
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

can federation of Labor. al
along with Gompers his conservative
adv. istraiion OF tho federation,
The federation was then to be recog-
nized along the lines OF one big
union, and turned over TO the COM
munist red trade union internation-
ale. often described by labor leaders
as "thinly disguised communist
party"
Realizing that the treachery OF
the reactionary leaders and the diw-
sion of the militant elements have
kept the great majority of the work.
ers OF North America divided and
unorganized," said Mcclellan. in an
nouncing the purpose of the con-
ference. "we consider 1t the duty
of the class-conscious members OF
the militant independent unions 10
furnish new leadership to the
American working Masses"
The United Labor council. Il was
asserted, was to combat the "inten-
sified attack of the employers by
organizing the workers into indus
trial unions. managed through dele
gate committees, and to establish
closer means of cooperation among
existing unions ot allied crafts into
Industrial organizations. aud tiually
to amalgamate all existing progress.
sive labor organizations into one
body for the mutual protection OF
all.
ut should serve" said state
ment, las the beginning Of an ANAL
gamation of labor in the United
States. which will enable labor to
speak and act together unhindered
by rivalries, bureaucrats and per-
feet theories or organization which
have not worked out in practice"
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

and working conditions?" Mr..
Gompers was asked.
NO. / don't think the labor move
mcnt can ever be eliminated. There
viii always be something for IT to
work for. There is no such thing
as an end IN the human struggle
from the primitive man To the pres
ent era of civilization. That's true
because there is no such thing as
human perfection.
Il suppose that In the long ago
there were Visionaries who dreamed
that when once We reached such
stage Of civilization as the present
IL would represent the acme OF per-
fectiony Now that we have reached
Il. the human mind will continue
To- expand and to inspire us with
acsirc for still higher degrees Of
civilization"
Speaking Of the "Aish-handed
manner In which the textile mill
owners Of New England and the coal
operators had attempted 10 put into
effect appreCiable reductions In
wages without consulting the en-
ployes. Mr.. Gompers had this to say:
THE plaCarded reductions OF the
mill owners. and OF the coal opera
tors, amounting In both cases vir-
tually to luCkouts, and the resistance
| OF these proposed reductions, has
| had this good result-it has effect
ually stopped any further attempt
/ to reduce wages in general.
In the reports reaching me-"
! continued Mr.. Gompers. referring to
| tire situations in the textile and coal
| strike regions, "there is little sun
beam in the industrial horizon in
the small increase In the number OF
employed, This increase is only
. l-2 per cent. but II marks the
| turning OF the industrial tide. and
! IL 1t continues we shall be on the
.rising tide Of industrial activity
| within another year"
J Mr.. Gompers declared that the
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

once here. Seven days later Kul7
was identified, again by broken
hawabbto-figure, found in h G
thieves tunnel, as the tomb of Shah
ataka, the son of Sha baka. Six days
later another tomb was found to be
that OF the long-sought Piankby, and
two days later No. liul6 as the tomb
of Tanutaman. ButNNo. s has never
been identified by inscriptions. and
1t was not until the end OF the season
that | realized II must be the burial
place Of King Kashta. the father OF
Piankhy.
"The Identification of the tombs OF
four kings of Egypt in four days
was one OF the most amazing series
of discoveries that has ever fallen
gave us the distinction of having re-
covered the tombs Of all the kings
of Ethiopia from the founding of
the monarchy until its power passed
to the kingdom of Meroc, from $50
II. G. to about ESQ Il. c.. period of
| 500 years.
"All the work OF the royal crafts
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

American Federation of Dabor had
stood its ground in the face of oppo-
sition organized FOR the smashing OF
the uniaNs. This attack, he believes,
has lost its force, and the reason
was explained by Mr.. Gompers as
follows:
The American trade union move
nent, as represented by the Ameri-
can Federation OF Labor, Is a pro-
gressive and constructive movement
1t has right and justice as its foun-
dntion, and better life and condi-
tions for the workingmen as its OBJ
JeCtive."
Mr.. Gompers' charge that Fosters
efforts to launch ono big union In
this country was part OF the holshe-
visit propaganda is supported by the
National Civic federation, which re-
Gently issued a statement saying that
drive to corrupt American labor
and set up a workers republic"
was being conducted by w. u. Foster,
apparently with the funds of the
bolsheyiki Mr., Gompers is n vice
president of the National Civic fed
Grafton.
The scheme was found by the
National Civic federation In the Chi
cago Labor Herald. Fosters official
Organ, one thousand union labor
nren were to he set to work, each in
his own locality, to push the one
big union idea, and generally to
weaken the. American Federation of
Labor. one OF the chief aims was TO
oust Gompers as head Of the fedora
tion, because OF his protest against
tho recognition OF Soviet Russia.
A secondary movement, according
To the National Civic federation, had
as its object the capture OF the rail-
road brotherhoods.
boring From Within.
Foster returned from Moscow
last fall said the statement OF the
National Civic federation. with the
| Lenin program and. apparently.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

the headway the one big uueon was
making. This report shows that
II was a gloomy meeting.
"a copy OF a western newspaper.
containing the report of the dele
gate to that meeting was sent to me
by somo friend | found IL TO he
a most interesting account of the
happenings at that meeting, but in
order that | might not bc misled
by any Inaccurate Interpretation put
upon the report by the western
newspaper in which I first read it,
| ARRANGED to get copies of the re-
port direct from authoritative
sources.
THE report shows there was an
utter lack OF enthusiasm at the
meeting IN Toronto. The descrip-
ton OF the way In which the meet
ing broke up IL really very amusing.
inasmuCh as the delegates came to-
gether to report on tho progress of
the one big union"
The belief that the America
Federation Of Labor would stil he
alive and thriving when the workere
reached the millennium hcralded
by Ford was expressed by Mr.
| Gompers before he took mp the
| question Of the one big union, He
was explaining that no laboring
man advocated uniform wage.
| and that what the workers wanted
was "A basic wage and mini
mum wage" when the subject nat
urally led to Henry Ford. Their
the head OF the American Fedora
tion of Labor asserted:
Henry Ford IL not a union advo'
cate, but he has set minimum
wage. lie first set s. day as th'
minimum, and now IT is So day
Well, now, he can't anger us b.,
raising wages"
But isn't Il possible that he ma,
make the American Federation %
Labor and other union movements
superfluous by creating ideal wag,
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

plenty OF money with which to con-
duct an extensive campaign. This
plan, the most scientific and plaus-
ihle yet evolved on paper for evolu-
tioni2ing legitimate labor organiza-
tion, Contemplates the selection as
key men of 1000 disaffected, revo-
lutionary trade unionists in as many
localities who, in turn, are, to round
up all brother rebels in their
respective unions. Then the boring
from within process is expected TO
start,
THAT is they are to attend faith
fully all meetings of their crafts,
embracing every opportunity to cre-
ate friction, oust present leaders,
acquire office and play the dis
ruptive game generally. or course
they will capture neither the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor nor the
railroad brotherhoods, but they will
make trouble to the fullest extent
through the opportunities afforded
by the coal strike, the textile strike
or any other large capital and labor
controversy, The public should
bear this fact in mind when reading
press reports OF violent outbreaks.
The spirit of the Foster
movement is revealed by the follow
ing paragraphs of 'Call to Action,
published in the Labor Herald. :
'Militants! The time has come
for action. We must now grid up
our loins for a great effort to make
a real fighting organization out OF
the, trade union movement. We
must now plunge dir6tly into ouI
vital task of amalgamating the man,
crafts unions into a few industria
unions and of inspiring them with
genuine proletarian spirit.
The Trade Union Educationa
league has launched its nation wide
campaign to organize the milltants
everywhere to carry on this indls'
pensable work of education and re-
organization. a work for which the
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07
a blue faicncc bowl with bulls in
relief, from the tomb of Queen Of
Piankhy

a blue faicncc bowl with bulls in
relief, from the tomb of Queen Of
Piankhy
in the north. While the northern
Libyans were ruling Egypt as the
kings of the twenty-second and
twenty-third dynasties. the southern
Iibyans, led by the chief first buried
in FL Kur-uw. were consolidating
their positions in Ethiopia and their
control of the gid fields and the
southern trade routes"
After two centuries. for reasons
yet obscure, the northern Libyans.
the rulers of Egypt, declined in vigor
and in unity. Egypt split up into
a numbero of small. virtually inde-
pendent kingdoms. and in this time
Il number of small, Cirtually inde-
cessor. also made himself virtually
Independent. Certain 1t is that be-
fore he died kathta had won the
southern provinces of egypt from
his Libyan cousin and possessed
enough power TO force the adoption
OF his daughter, Ainepindis. by
Shepenwepet ], as her heir and sue
cessor in the office OF High Priest
ess of Anon at Karnak. Pinkhy,
the son of Kashta, claimed the SOW
ereignty of Egypt and enforced his
claim by a military conquest, of
which he has left full account on
stella tound more than fifty years
ago at Karnak.
Thus 1t came about that Egypt
! passed from the hands of the Libyan
twenty-third dynasty into those OF
the Libyan twenty-fifth dynasty
which was called Ethiopian by the
ancients simply because 1t seized
Egypt after first having established
a monarchy in Ethiopia.
To one who has lived in the sun
| baked district of Papata, with its
| hot spring winds, It IL a continual
source of wonder that a family bred
! in this desolation should have
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07

hard-pressed labor movement stands
in shrleking need. All trade union
rebels are urged TO Join hands with
the league Immediately
THE trade union" continued the
statement of the National Civic
federation, will doubtless answer
this ambitious program by throwing
all those key men out OF the unions
as fast as they can be discovered.
The process will not be slow one.
as most Of them are already well
known.
THE true significance OF the
Lenin Foster movement lies in its
revelation OF the real Dolshevist atti-
tude toward American institutions,
thus serving notice on all good citi-
zens to be prepared TO resist this
malevolent influence at any and
every point"
Under the guise of forming the
United Labor Council of America a
group of Independent union leaders
met in this city on last January II
and launched another movement TO
capture the American labor move
ment for radicalism and commun-
ism. This new organization which
follows closely upon the formation
OF the new communist party under
the name Of the Workers Party of
America is said to have a connection
with the communists OF Moscow.
Approximately 100 delegates who
represented all types OF radicalism
and syndicalism in the labor move
ment, coming from organizations
with an aggregate membership OF
10000, were present at the con-
ference at the Workers hotel, 1913
West Fifty-first street. Patrick ],
Mcclellan, secretary OF the United
Labor council of greater New York
and vicinity, presided at the meet
ing.
Mcclellan made 1t clear that this
was move TO oust Samuel Gompers
from the presidency of the Ameri-
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1922-05-07
gruyc predecessor

other stairway until the record Of
tho blocking and mcHsr ,omcnts OF
the stairs have been mat
After that, the sand which has al
ways washed into the burial cham
bcr is removed. leaving only about
eight inches of the floor debris In
tact. whatever Is found In the sand,
aud II TX usually little enough, iH
counted ns having washed in from
the thieves tunnel outside. When
tho sand ls out. then the serious ana