Evening star., 1922-02-04
DAY FOR Chinese
At ARMS PARLEY
Powers Approve Two
Treaties and Several Reso-
lutions Designed for Her.
RIGHTS TO BE GUARDED
Proposal to Keep Door Open In
cludes All Important Principles
of Elihu Root.

This was China's day at the Wash
ington conference. Two treaties ana
several resolutions designed to give
China fullest opportunity to develop
herself were given approval by the
assembled powers. The conference IL
is said, has written a magma charta
for China.
The first Of the treaties presented,
which will be signed by the nine
powers. including China, attending
The conference, Is framed particularly
Tor the purpose of stabliiZlns couul,
tions in the far east, to saieeuaru
the rights and interests OF emma anu
10 nromote intercourse between China
and powers upon basis OF eaudi op
portunity.
Root Principles Included.
Included in this act are the all I'M,
portant Root principles, early adopted
by the conference, under whlch Tue
powers agree to respect ING s
ereisnty, territorial ana admlhisI
tive integrity of China IL "aS ~"
before the conference today by Secre-
,ary Hughes and adopted amid ap-
Most important and significant IS
article VII OF this treaty. an attiGle
which should make ii possible 1or lae
nations to consult in the future III
gard to questions arising as to CHINA,
and which should make II possiole
for China, when threatened. II ever,
by an outside power. TO appear 10
the other powers signing the treaty.
Customs Duties Covered
The second of the treaties. deais
with the Chinese customs duties ltS
preamble declares that it Is entered
into particularly for the purpose o.
Chinese government. 1t was read
to the conference by Senator Under
wood of the American delegation
who served as chairman Of the sN
committee on Chinese customs
duties.
per. cent duty and for an additional
l2ia per cent surtax, to be collected II
the future A special conference is
provided for, to meet In CHINA, whiGa Il
shall prepare the way for the aooii-
tion of the likin-the tax charged on
commerce between the provinces of
China, which, it is said, must go II
China is to achieve strong, united
government. The conference also VIII
pass upon the establishment OF the
proposed surtax.
Underwood Sees Aid.
Senator Underwood. after reading
the treaty on customs. tod inc con,
ference that he believed China ~ould
greatly benefit by it, perhaps dou-
bling its revenues. He said thaa II "as d.,
his hope China eventually would DC
able to establish a strong parl'a-
mentary government. and have com
pIete charge of all administrative
matters within her territory. lncluu-
ing the tarin.
China, in addition to the Root prln .
ciples. embodies a resolution adopted
previously by the conference provld-
ing that the contracting powers shaA
not enter into any ..eaty or agree
ment of any kind with one another or
with any other power which woulo
infringe or impair the Root prin-
ciples.
Use of Railroads Covered.
This treaty also embodies the res
olutiol adopted by the conference
providing for a more effectual appli-
cation of the principles of the open
door policy. Another article provides
that the contracting powers agree
not to support any agreements by
their nationals with each other de-
signed to .rsate spheres of influence
in China or to provide for monopolies
in designated parts of Chinese terri
tory.
against unfair discrimination of any
kind on Chinese railroads, particu-
larly with respect to charges and
facilities.
The contracting powers under ar
ticle VI agree fully to respect China's
rights as a neutral in time of war to
which China is not a party, and China
declares that when she Is 4 neutral
she will live up to the obligations of
neutrality.
u. .. Will Take Lead.
Oxher powers not slgnatory to this
tT%dty are to be invited to adhere to
it, and the United States will carry
on whatever correspondence is neces-
sary to bring about such adherence.
Other powers will be asked also to
adhere to the Chinese customs treaty
Under separate resolution adopted
by the conference :oday, special pro-
vision is made for the establishment
in China of a board of reference, to
which any questions arising in con-
nection with the execution of the
aN.icles of the treaty relating to the
open door and to railways in China
may be referred for investigation and
report. The special conference pro-
v,ded for in the Chinese customs
treaty is to formulate for the ap-
proval of the powers detailed plan
for the constitution of this board of