davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12
BOOKS BOUGHT

EOOkS BOUGHT
TnOMs G. ERON. INC. a CORPORATION
dealing in old and rsr, books su.o~
graphs. etc. sre the lnrycst buyers aad
distributors Of old books in this country.
We are in the market to buy for rpos
cash books in large small quantities.
and entire private libraries We especially
want limited sets. de lux. editions and
late encyc opedias Autoglarhs alsa
bought. Free packing and removal The
advantages accrued to the seller Of boeks
in dealing with large are OBJ
vious. rHOMS & ERCN. INC. IS hxfs
clsy St. New York lei, Soe2 Cor:landt
AUTOGRAPHS OF CELEBRATES BOUGHT
and Sold Autograph Letters of dis,in-
guished Authors. Generals Statesmen. etc
in large collections small lots. pur-
chased for cash The Autograph Bulle-
tin mailed request. Thomas F.
Madigan. successor 10 Patrick F. Madigau
Established 1922. The Autograph Shop,
West 4Tth Street. New York.
w. A. COUGH. 20 WEST 4aD ST. NEW
York. issues monthly list of old rare
and curious books which he will be pleased
TO send to collectors on request
OXFORD ROOK sHOP-GoOD BOOKS
First editions Books by and about Walls
Whitman. AZ Lexington Ave. Sign o:
The Sparrow.
ARCHITECTURE, DECORATION AND
costume books 70 be had at Bsndero
Book Store. "a Fourth Ave.
FAMILY HISTORIES, GENEALOGICAL
and Heraldic Works. Goats of Arms.
Please state names. Charles A. OCon-
nor, 81 Spruce ST., New York
READ A BOOK WEEK AT LITTLE
COST. Buy Books in Demand" on ap~
proval Read and return if you wish ::
small fee deducted; money returned O.
book mailed Book-A-Week Postal
Library. Room 203, "a Stone ST.. N. y.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

In June, 1868, a few days before
gettysburg. General George G. Meade
was given command of the Army of the
Potomac. That battle has been the
cause of a small regiment of books and
pamphlets historical and controversi al
We note that Meade's library, consist
ing of regimental histories. reports Of
battles Of the Civil War. narratives and
Confederate imprints was sold by
Stanley V. Henkels. in Philadelphia, on
January q.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

Or the shelves of H. Zadek's place
~ Nassau Street. are many valuable
books on early statutes. Colonial and
State, also rare State histories. AS y-e
reailze more and more the Importance
of writings dealing with our origins as
nation, such works grow in impor-
tance from year to year.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

w. A. COUGH. 20 WEST 42D ST, NEW
York issues a monthly list OF old rare
and curious books which he will be pleased
TO send to collectors on request.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

he Dream Ship' came nearest 10
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

OXFORD ROOK sHOP-GoOD BOOKS
First editions. Books by and about Walls
Whitman. 42 Lexington Ave. Sign o.
The Sparrow.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

THE CRUISE OF THE DREAM SNIP
fy Ralph stock. Published by Double
day. Page & Co S.
THE WANDERlNGS OF 4 SPIRITUAL
lST. By Sir Arthur Conan DOYLE. Pub.
lished ny the George II. Doran Compa ny
$3.50.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

The last issue of THE Dickensian" OF
London reports fortysix branches Of
the Dickens Fellowship, four in Lon
don, twentyfour in the remainder OF
England, one each in Ireland, Scotland
and Wales, four each in Australia and
Canada, and seven in the United States.
New-York tribune., 1922-02-12

ARCHITECTURE, DECORATION AND
costume books TO be had 1t Bsnder'o
Book Store. "a Fourth Ave.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
STRONG FOR EFFICIENCY"

From the treasury department in Washington comes the an
nouncemcnt that President Harding has issued an executive order
removing from the civil service the office OF deputy commissioner
OF internal revenue, there being five deputies affected by this
action.
In explanation of the presidents order. the report says it is
understood TO be the first step IN a general reorganization OF the
internal revenue bureau planned by the administration TO obtain
greater efficiency and insure the appointment Of experts"
The underlying idea seems to be that there isn't a chance for
efficiency when men employed as deputy commissioners are select
cd from employees who have passed the civil service examinations
and have gone up in the service. Mr.. Harding wants to pick
experts for these positions. Having nothing else to do to occupy
his time, he proposes to devote his personal attention to the selec-
ton OF these appointees. thereby insuing that he'll get dcknailn'
good ones. since he has been especially trained for this sort OF
work and can spot an expert at a distance OF forty miles or
more.
Further interpreting the presidents mind, we gather that the
main object OF this great move in the interest of governmental
efficiency" is to give a few jobs to the boys who have shown
expert ability as vote getters and political manipuators. The
civil service law makes absolutely no provision for investigating
the political qualifications Of applicants for appointments. A man
might be the best little political fxer in his ward or he might
OF a show when he goes up against a board OF examiners, and
thereby one Of Mr.. Hardings most gifted experts would go
%unrewarded and the efficiency" Of the revenue would be cores
pondingly impaired.
or course, it isn't much to open only five more additional
places for experts" Of the presidents own choosing but it will
help some. We Judge that tn unemployment situation among
deserving republicans is even more serious than has been gen
orally supposed. Thus the vicious Jacksonian doctrine, ITO the
victor belongs the spoils' is given another hard jolt and the grand
cause of civil service reform goes on-backward.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
RACLAND BACK RON
CONFERENCE HELD IN
STATE CAPITAL CITY

Fletcher Ragland. manager OF the
local office OF the Western Union
Telegraph company. has just return
ed from n three days conference
held In Oklahoma City. with the Of.
ficials OF the company and manag.
ers Of officers In Oklahoma.
Among the company officials pros.
ent al the conference were +. A..
Mohr. general manager. Dallas: A.
c. Kaufman. general commercial
agent. New York: n. II. Austin. dis
lrict commercial superintendent. Ok
lahoma City; G. =. Brlnkley. divIs-
ion commercial manager. Dallas; O.
}. Pickle. city superintendent, Okla.
homa City, and II. b. Gale, city sup.
erintendent. Tulsa.
During the conference, and on
the program were several imp )rtant
papers dealing with the needs of
the service In the state. While the
discussions were confined more or
less to technical subjects. or
those with n direct bearing on the
operation Of 0le telegraph lines
of the state. IL was plainly brought
out that during the last few years
the telegraph has become a mora
important factor In the general
run of commerce than ever before
and is now employed by business
houses of building greater sales
and for developing new business
territory. an important phrase of
the conference developed that re-
ports from throughout the country
generally show a gradual improve
men in business conditions, this
extending from the large cities in
the cast through to the territories
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
MR.. HAYS TO THE MOVIES.

Postmaster General viii Hays has announced his decision to
retire from the cabinet and take a high-up position in moviedom.
The precise nature of the new work which he is to undertake has
not been very fully explained but it is understood that his relation
to the film industry will be somewhat similar to that Of Judge
Lands to organized baseball. According to published reports, he
is to receive a salary Of 100000 a year.
1t is evident that by his success as a lawyer, campaign man
ager and administrator of the postal department, Mr.. Hays has
convinced the motion picture magnates that he possesses the kind
of ability which their industry needs. Senator Harrison has ex-
pressed a fear that Mr.. Hays may try to hook the movies up
with the republican party but it doesn't seem plausible that the
big business men who head the movie industry would pay a man
SO much money and permit him to make their organization an aid
to society to any political party, even though Mr.. Hays were dis
posed to pursue such a policy.
Until evidence to the contrary is forthcoming, it is fair to as
sumo that Mr.. Hays has been called to his high position purely
on account of his peculiar fitness for it. AS postmaster general
he has proved that he is a mar Of remarkable energies and is par
ticularly we'll qualified to handle work which calls for close touch
viii the public.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
Extend Time For
Reinstatement Of
GOUf. War Risk Ins.

The United States Veterans nu.
roau has issued a new ruling under
which any veteran Of the late war
may relnstate his insurance. unless
he is totally and permanently dis
abled, NJ any time ON or before
March 4. 1926. Mrs. Blanche Free
man. In charge Of the ex.soryicc
mems welfare aud relief work OF
the local American Legion auxil.
larry unit.
Conditions r the same ms were
provided IN the forr'er extensions
OF time, which expired on Dcccm.
Der ~.
Blank applications for reinslate.
ment and conversion may be oh.
tanned from Mrs. Freeman In the
mayors office or. from the Grady
Red Cross chapter.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

Of which Dallas. Oklahoma city.
Kansas clty, Minneapolis. Atlanta.
AID Richmond are the important
centora,
Services Of all classes and eff
lconcy were among the subjects
handled AZ the meeting. Managers
OF fify Of tho larger offices IN
Oklahoma we're present. Including
Manager Raglsnd. who addressed
tho meeting during which the I'm.
poFtnnt part that the Western
Union and liz employees are cs.
pccted To take In the advancement
Of business reconstruction every.
where. was definitely outlined.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
Nor'cs o. TRUSTEES SALE,

Under assignment as Trustee. l
win sell the entire stock OF gro.
%oeriss. dry goods and fixtures Of
tho store Of w H. HARRISON a
Son. Norge. Oklahoma, on Monday.
January sard at $500 y. m
reserve the right 10 accept or
reject any or NIL bids.
This stock Of merchandise IN.
voices a total OF approximately
t2soo.oo
G. H. HANNA, Trustee.
chickaaha. Oklahoma. f2.iOt.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
. STOLEN SMILE FER TWO
d

would you mind driving a little
slower, old man."
Not getting scared, are your
ooh. no, nothing like that, but I'd
hate to take an unfair advantage o.
my life insurance company."-New
York Sun.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
AMERICANIsM CREED.

II believe in the United States Of America and the prin-
ciples of freedom, justice, equality and humanity upon which il
was founded and for which American patriots have given their
lives and fortunes.
Il believe il is my duty towards my country to love il; to
support its constitution; to obey its laws; to respect its flag;
and to defend il against all enemies"
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

Mr.. Henry Ford. Il is reported.
has offered TO buy all the French
~batiloshIps aud Junk them Maybe
hen give us one aa an ornament for
our new park II We ask him before
he gets 'om all smashed up.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

Brighton, England's popular city
by the sea. Is declared by a Wesley
m minister to be the fastest town
In the world. full OF slaves OF sen.
sualism."
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC.

Notice Is hereby given that the
oumbo Pits near Lyle IN Grady
County have been leased as a fish
and game preserve by the Chick.
nsha Rod and Gun Club. Inc. and
any n hunting or fishing on
same will be prosecuted for tress-
passing.
chiekasha Rod and Gun club. Inc.
if.G.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

TO buy q ticket NJ the picture show,
when a stranger bumped her Shout
der. She glared at him. feeling n
was done Intentionally.
WELL" he growled, don't eat M
up"
"you are IN no danger SIR" she
said, = am a Jeweas."-Tho Law.
yer aud Banker.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
The Value of Variation.

FHC VHFUC Ut FuFTut'VHf
why do you constantly favor new
methods of taxation?'
81 consider it necessary" said
Senator Sorghum, ito enable the
people to look forward to some kind
of a change. If we can't satisfy 'em,
we can at least keep 'em hopeful"
Washington Star.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
pendlnu.

well. want to marry my dnugh.
ter, auppose?" snapped TIE
grouchy old millionaire M he glow.
cred nt the tImId youth before him.
Then. adjusting his glasses, he said:
by the way, aren't you one OF my
daughters former aultorsg"
"N.n'no, SIR" faltered the cheer.
less one. hut ! expect I soon viii
bo one."-Thc American Legion
Weekly.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
EXPRESS P~AcKAcErTEs

To play my little part. not whine
That greater donors are not mine;
This. I believe, II all | need
For my philosophy and creed.
Edgar Guest.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

Ireland N another country where
Il Is one darn thing after another
Having fixed up the trouble with
John Bull. for n time at least. We
observe that n general milroad
strike is brewing.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

The municipal authorities Of Der
lin having announced their intention
10 tax tourists. we wish to serve
notice on them now that they won't
get a dime of our money. II they
feel that way about II. wen just
stay away from their old town.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17
A PRESSING COUNTY PROBLEM.

1t is difficult to think Of any movement that would benefit
Grady county more than the improvement Of the Meridian High
way, which runs north and south through the county. With the
completion of the bridge across the South Canadian river at Union
City, this highway is bound to become one of the most travelled
lines across the continent, provided the road between Chckasha
and the Red River is put in proper condition.
One Of the worst parts of the road is in the southern part OF
Grady county. Until something is done to put this piece Of road
in good order and keep it so, we cannot expect the Meridian High
way to become attractive to tourists.
tN Not alone as a means of promoting tourist travel, but also as
aamatter of convenience to the people residing in this section, the
improvement Of the roads in southern Grady county presents a
problem which calls loudly for solution.
In many sections OF the state the farmers are reported to be
waging war on the boil weevl in the most approved fashion. The
size of our cotton crop the coming season is largely dependent
upon how persstently and successfully the fight on this pest is
carried on.
There is too much fast driving in the business section of
Chckasha, the chief Of police says, and he is right about it. 1t
hasn't been long since we saw a car coming cruising along at
about Is miles per and crash into another which drove deliberately
out Of an alley. Automobile accidents are expensive as well as
dangerous. The traffic laws should be rigidly enforced.
Again. Mr.. Corporation Commissioners, Chickasha wants
natural gas. Don't forget that.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

The U. S. treasury department
has figured that the war cost 200
billion dollars. That's one good reas.
ON why we don't want another one.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

Especially. II Il is TO be followed
by another batch Of bloomin' "nor'
mnlcy."
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

II certainly has been a bum win
ter for Friend Plumber. Mighty few
frozen pipes.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

WIN Hays having decided to re-
sign. CT. Bill Dryer IL now In line
for the postmaster g%eneralship.
However, he insists that he'll turn
Il down If they require him to take
an examination. Keep boosting for
Chickasha.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

81 simp says he notices that q
cistern never holds water MS wei
when II leaks.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

While II Is still some time ahead.
we can't help bothering about what
to wear to the cops ball. Probably
the best thing TO do Is go to bed,
send our best suit to the pressolo'
gist and let 1t go at that.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

EXPRESS ~PACKACETTES
To play my little part. not whine
That greater DONORS are not mine;
This. believe, II all need
For my philosophy and creed.
Edgar Guest.
"Tho man who only half tries
doesn't even half make good."--Far
rlngton.
Mr.. Henry Ford. Il Is reported,
has offered 10 buy all the French
batiloshIps aud Junk them Maybe
he'll give W. M M an ornament for
our new park II We ask him before
he gets 'om all smashed up
The U. s. treasury department
has figured that the war cost 200
billion dollars. That's n good reas.
ON why we don't want another one.
Especially. u Il Is to be followed
by another batch Of bloomin' "nor-
mnlcy."
Ireland N another country where
Il Is n darn thing after another.
Having fixed up the trouble with
John Bull. for a time nc least. We
observe that u general railroad
strike is brewing.
The municipal authorities Of Der.
lin having announced their intention
10 tax tourists. we wish to serve
notice on them now that they won't
get a dime Of our money. II they
feel that way about IL, well just
stay away from their old town.
WIN Hays having decided TO re.
sign. CT. Bill Dryer Is now In line
for the postmaster generalship.
However. he insists that he'll turn
II down If they require him to take
an examination. Keep boosting for
%Chickasha.
81 simp says he notices that q
clstern never holds water MS well
when Il leaks.
We saw n beautiful and expensive
new car smashed the other day
when another car hit II amidships at
a street intersection. It's bad bust
ness-slow up at every intersection
While Il Is still some time ahead,
we can't help bothering about what
to wear to the cops ball. Probably
the best thing TO do is go to bed.
send our best suit to the %pressolo'
gist and let II go at that.
Il certainly has been a bum win
ter for Friend plumber. Mighty few
frozen pipes.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1922-01-17

We saw a beautiful and expensive
new car smashed the other day
when another car hit it ~amldships at
a street intersection. It's bad bust
ness-slow up at every intersection
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1922-10-25

AguJas "singer" Doble Pespunss y
Cadeneta $500 m1llar. Aguias "Ort-
ginal Express" o y 90 $4,000 millar.
Rsmitense por O. o. D. The Import
Needle Co., P. o. Box 45e, San Juan,
Pusrta Rice. AAwS-
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1922-10-25

CINE TRES BANDERAS:
House Peters Jams Novak en- ell bo
nito drama en- siete actos titulado '"El
Termino de la Jornada''.
CINE LAS ANTIILAS.
Episodes siete ocho de la serie
por Metralla titulada Gel Sendero del
Terror y una comedia
CINE PUERTO RICO:
Episodios tres cuatro de la monu-
mental serie por William Duncan "El
Hombre de Hero" y la graciosa CO.
media en- cinco actos "La Mia de las
Iigas''.
NORMA:
Margarita Clark en- e. drama en- seis
actos titulado ''Una joven llanada Ma
ria una comedia.
IMPERIAL.
Colossal comedia por Ell genial actor
cubano "Ratl del Monte Y William
S. Hart en- ell drama titulado Ell Amo'
STRAND.
H. B. Warren en- ell drama en- cinco
actos titulado ''Por e. honor de una da-
MAJ y un episodio del Captain Kidd y
las Ultima actualidades Pathe.
LIBERTY:
Ell super-drama en- siete actos por E.
K. Lincoln Y Dolores Casinelli, titulado
Lafayette y America.
VICTORY GARDEN:
Madame Nazimova en- ell colossal dra
ma en- ocho actos titulado ''La Moder-
ma Dana de las Camelias''.
BoRNQUEN PARK:
FL sensational drama en- ocho actos
titulado la vuelta al Hogar''.
BELIoGRAPH, (Cataho):
Thomas Meigham katherine Mac
Donald en- ell drama titulado ''El Ra-
yo''.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1922-10-25
CINE PUERTO RICO:
NORMA:

Margarita Clark en- e. drama en- seis
actos titulado ''Una joven llamada Ma
ria'' una comedia.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1922-10-25
ElEE(,IA[lQQI'l (

CINE TRES BANDERAS:
House Peters Y JAMS Novak en- Ell bo
nito drama en- siete actos titulado ''E1
Termino de la Jornada''.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1922-10-25
IMPERIAL.

Colossal comedia por ell genial actor
cubano "Rail del Monte" y William
S. Hart en- ell drama titulado Eel Amo'
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1922-10-25

UrNE LAS ANTuLAS.
Episodes siete ocho de la serle
por Metralla titulada Gel Sendero del
Terror una comedia.
La prensa. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1913-1962, 1922-05-25
ESCUElA PARA
ExICaNOS"

I'm Rosebud. Texas. - s.tuac!dH de
los msx:canos. eH 10 que jocI a ms
trucci6r de los niJos. assume los ca
ractcres que presen;e en- New Braun
feis. Tsxas( pueS tamb.en eu este u
:ar. hay una eSCueia por Se3a-aGo a
Gonde asisten solams2te los niNos Ge
nueStros comp2tric;aS. ESta esCuela,
,sra si;uada ea un Sitio POGO acoaG!-
cionado, p-iue-amente estuvo adya-
cente i Ia de los neSros. pero en- viz
,ud dc Ia protes;a de los compatrio-
tas. las autoridsdss americanas esco-
Iares "a mudaron n luSar que hoy O.
uupa.
La coio2.a meXicana, compueSta e0
ss,a pobiac.0n dc eieEnentos de "a
LA. ha verificado aIsuaas EesIioaes
,e-ca de las auto-idadeS para que IA
segregation no Sc efectue y Sc pe--ut-
IA a los rnexicanos asistir i IA High
School Y los denas plaDte!es de ins
5rucciGn para ame-icanos". pero d.
chas sestiones han sido infrptcuosas,
y en- tai v:-tud. el E.ce-Consu1 du-
ran,e su pe-nlanencia en- IA po6ia-
ci6n. traits 81 asunto directaments con
las aUto-idades del lusar.
La prensa. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1913-1962, 1922-05-25
Sc GRAVAN Ell MAlZ Y
Ell TRIGO EXTRANJEROS
Esto satisface q los agncul.
torres pero disgusta a los
molineros del pals
Tclcgrama Especial para Ia PRENSA".

Tclcgrama Especial para Ia PNENSf-
CIUDAD DE MEXICO. mayo "a
Los agricultorcs mexicanos Sc han
mos;rado contcntisimos en- v!rtud de
que el gobierno ha resuelto graVar
nuevamente Ia introduction del maiZ
trigo 4 Mexico. con 10 cual ha dado
motive para que ci precio dc estos
granos suba, en- cl mafz, de ochenta y
cinco pesos que valia la toneladar
cien;o diez. = en- cl triso, de Teintiun
pesos, q veinticinco.
En- cambio, los moiineros Sc queJan
amarsamcntc, y estan hacienda ges-
tiones vigorosas. activa propaganda
por medic de Ia prensa, para oDtener
L. revocation del acuerdo que GraNa
los cereales. -alegando que en- el case
presente, los unicos que sc benclicia :
ran. y dc hecho han principiado
:,eneficiarse. son los productores de
harina americana que desde es mo-
nento que no ha tenido aumento de
dcrechos de introduction. deja a los
in,por.adores franco el canino para
entabla- ruda competencia, Ia cuai
no nodran sostener por mucho ITEM
no los molinos que existen en- el pals
'os nue en- vista de las atlas tarifas'
No podran impo-tar triSo por quecaT
aeto co-esl cast clasificado dentro oe
,o- ;,,nortaciones pronibitivas.