Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1922-01-03
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
BY DR.. ANDREW M. SOULE

the winter on the fallen leaves and
fruit.
To control the scab spray with
lime and sulphur, summer strength,
Just before the trees bloom and
again when. the petals drop. A later
application, two or three weeks aft
er the petals fall, and an applica-
ton of Bordeaux. mixture 1850
seven to eight weeks after the pet
ais fall, as recommended in the
spray schedule, may be necessary in
cases of bad outbreaks.
Apple rust or cedar rust is a very
common and destructive disease in
apple orchards. The fungus grows
through it's summer stage on apple
leaves and fruit. Its wi.lter stage
is passed on the common red cedar
or juniper tree. On the cedar 1t
produces what is commonly known
as the cedar apple. In the early
warm weather of spring this cedar
apple produces spores, which are
conveyed, by various means, to the
apple tree, where they produce tho
disease commonly knoWn as apple
rust.
To control the pest, all of the
cedar trees in the vicinity OF the
| orchard should be cut down ard
spraying, as recommended foI scab,
should be followed.
Black Rot: This fungus closely
resembles the bitter rot. 1t not only
makes the fruit rot, but also forms
| cankers on the limbs. 1t may also
appear as a twig blight and leaf
spot.
The resemblance Of the rot of
| the fruit and the canllers on the
| limbs to those produced by bitter
rot is so close that it is hard to dis
tinguish between them. Usually,
| however, the concentric rings are
| less apparent in this than in bitter
rot.
The treatment for this disease is
the same as recommended for bitter
rot, with the addition that all limbs
and twigs affected with canlers
should be removed and burned. Body
cankers should be cut out and the
wounds painted and disinfected.
Blight: This sometimes is called
Fire Blight" 1t is caused by a
bacteria mthat enters the young
growing fruit spurs and shoots OF
| apple trees, works just under the
bark, and makes them wilt and die
These bacteria are scattered from
one limb to another and from zone
tree to another by mechanical
means, such as pruning tools, in
sects, etc.
The injured twigs closely resem
BILE those that have been injured
by fire. The blight is more serious
on pears than apples. Wherever 8
small twig close to a large limb is
affected and killed, a canker is APT
to follow, and it is in these cankers
that the disease most frequently
passes the winter.
No system Of spraying is effec
tive in controlling this disease. Rap
idly growing trees seem to be more
liable to infection than those not Sc
thrifty, and some varieties are more
| susceptible than others. ~
The methods of control are to cut
out the cankers during the winter
time, and to paint the wound with
some good disinfecting paint. The
blighted twigs should be cut some
inches below the point Of infection
and burned.
The tools used to remove thest
twigs should be disinfected after ev
cry cut by wiping them with a rae
moistened in some disinfectant.
Crown Gall is another bacteria
disease Of serious consequence as /
retards the growth oftthe trees, pre-
venting profitable bearing. Thu
trouble is found usually just at OF
under the ground, though occasion
ally it may be seen on the branches
A large corky, humorous type
Of growth takes place at the crown
of the tree on the upper portion O
the larger roots.
Nothing can be done to control tn