The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1922-09-28

so many feStTlCllOlS linpOScO at Iul
first treaty port that European traders
were almost ruined. On their part tn,
Westerners Introduced opium agains
the wishes of the Chinese officials, anC
the general Misunderstanding led Il
wars with England and France. As
a result OF the wars Canton WAS estab
lished more and more firmly as China's
open door.
Canton's priority was not alone In
trade. The first Roman Catholic mis-
sfonaries to China settled In 1871 at
Macao, q few miles down the river
. from Canton, and ten years later be-
gan work In Canton itself The city,
too had one Of the first Mohammedan
mosques to be established among the
Chinese; and there In 1907 the first
Protestant missionary to China settled.
1t has since become one of the most
important missionary centers In the
country
Contact with the occident.
Slight racial differences seem to have
made the Cantonese, to begin with,
more alert than the Chinese of other
regions; but they undoubtedly have
been quickened and made more pro-
gresSive by the constant stimulus of
contact with Westerners during the
past 400 years. A spirit Of competi-
ton and emulation was awakened
| among the merchants and men in pub
lie life whikh by degrees reflected it
/ soIf in MI In, tho lffn of
| Canton. But above all things, the
Western visitors aroused the curiosi-
| ty of the Cantonese, with the result
that they became the emigrants, par
excellence of China. Thousands of
them have sojourned In the United
States and Canada, South America,
South Africa, Australia and Europe.
More Important still. In recent years
young Chinese have been returning
from the United States and Europe
after a western college training; and
a considerable proportion Of them have
found ftheir way to Canton. AS fixed
as arg the ways Of China, these Chi
instifa who have lived under Western
led Wtions or who have carefully stud
when festern ways, have not failed,
five citthey have returned to their ma
wise X to modify conditions in some
from Cat Ia not strange, then, that |
occa sions ton has come on numerous |
five Pekinfpressure against conserva-
revolution for reform, and at times /
tveen north 1Some sort Of breach be-
ev,tsble in land south China was In
aonsIlv ineykecent years; and 1t was |
cot civ of htable that Canton, great
.,,houob the South, should lead It,
1nO wears y throughout most of the
Euronaana hnce the first contact with
ideas has the leaven of Western
even "a I'd been working In Canton,
n had douecently as three years ago
old CITY ole little TO lift the teeming
from ire ! more than million souls
ance and thoroughly Chinese appear
lilo streel customs. Its narrow alley
In nv LOWS, none too clean, hemmed
black and houses ana sci on by great
were the gold and black and red signs,
nese tow streets Of any typical Chi :
!, IN. Through them battered
heir con feet Of coolies like those Of
oused s,ntless predecessors whose cal
In the oles have worn deep channels
bankN sfagstones. Along the river
acres ore still anchored acres and
each of small, brown, dImsy boats In
,ncesto, which a family lives as their
Polo. rs did In the time Of Marco
After
govern Canton was made the seat of
&c of Cnent for the Southern Repub- ,
we're china" changes in its appearance ,
EN- o'apid. In place Of the old sys-
ng o. government In which the rul-
% the the city was merely incidental
,areft government of the province, a
nent aly worked out municipal govern
I'm twas constructed with all the mod
IS trimmings. 1t might be described
can sort Of combination Of the Amer !.
site commission plan with Capital
rad Soviet" system. A young Chinese
yheuate Of two American colleges,
nuI had specialized In the study Of
II. iicipal government, was made may =
ne With commission of six depart
ott heads he formed the executive
ihy. Canton's board Of aldermen"
he took charge Of legislation under u
a new regime, was called the Munich
e Advisory council. OF its 80 men,
RS, ten were appointed by the gov W
Aor Of the province. ten chosen in a
neral election, and ten were elected
certain groups including the cham
r OF commerce, the educational as is
citation. doctors, lawyers engineers Il
d labor guilds.
n Medernixins the City.
stt the few years this government III
D. 1t left Its mark on ancient Can tn
bsWhere only narrow alleys exist
zed'fore. Thousands Of houses were
and broad streets put through; "a