The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1922-02-01
Y STATE WEDNESDAY EVENING FEBRUARY l. 1922

restrictions of size armament, etc, imposed
by the treaty.
Provides Air Defense.
The replacement rules provide for an in
crease OF displacement of retained capital
ships or carriers not to exceed s 900 tons !
per ship to cover additional defense against
air and submarine attacks such bulge
or blister or anti-air attack deck protec-
ton" They also forbid any alterations
in armor or armament except that France
and Italy, within the 900 ton additional
displacement limit, may increase their ar
NOR and the caliber of main batteries of
existing ships up to the maximum of 10
inch weapons and that Great Britain may
complete armor alterations on the Renown
already started but temporarily suspended.
Section two contains the replacement
charts on capital ships for each nation.
The American chart has a provision per-
hitting retention of the other battleships
Oregon and Illinois for non-combatant
purposes" after they have been rendered
incapable of warlike service. Outside of
the retention in 1922 of two ships of the
West Virginia class to replace the Della
ware and North Dakota no capital ship re-
placement building could be undertaken
the chart two keels would be laid followed
by two in 1882, one in 1898, two in 1884,
in 1888, and two in 1888. All of these ships
would be completed in 1912. This replace
ment program would call for the scrapping
of the Florida, Utah, and Wyoming in
1884, and carry on the replacement and
scrfppinG work up to 1912 when the two|
West Virginia class ships to be added to
the end Of twenty years active service
The chart shows the American fleet to CON
tain 10 pred 4tland and three post-Jnt,
strength of 10 post-J utland ships until
1911 with the scrapping of the California
Chart for Each Nation
The British chart provides for retention
of the Colossus and Collingwood for nom
co 6e ptsb and f9T sSnp
scrapping of four old ships in 1925, leaving
Great Britain with IL pre-Jutland and
three post-Jutland ships. The order of
replacement building would give Great
Britain her full ultimate strength of 10
postJutland ships in 1941.
The French chart shows a provision for
five $4,000 ton ships to be laid down be-
tween 1927 and 1888, all to be completed
ing France reserves the right of employ
ing her capital ship tonnage allotment rs
she considers advisable subject only to a
maximum dfsplacement of $4,000 tons and
the other limitations of the treaty.
The Italian chart is similar to the French
except that replacement building would be
completed in 1887 and a note similarly re-
serves the right of employing capital ship
tonnage as considered advisable subject to
the $4,000 ton limitation.
The Japanese chart, beginning replace
ment building in 1881, would provide one
ship year from then on until 1899 and
Japan would reach her full ultimate
strength of nine post-Jutland ships in 1910.
A provision is made for retention by Jap
an of the Shikishima and the Asahi for
non-cOmbatant purposes.
A general note attached to the section
says that the order of scrapping ships to
be replaced may be varied as such power
chooses provided the number of ships scrap
ped each year complies with the provisions
of the court
Clarifying Definitions.
Part four of chapter two contains defini-
tions for Qualification of the treaty incud-
ing that of capital ship as a vessel. not an
aircraft carrier, exceeding 10000 tons dis
placement and carrying guns exceeding
eight inches. A carrier is defined as yes
sci exceeding 10000 tons displacement and
constructed to launch and receive aircraft
Standard displacement is defined as that of
ship complete. fully manned and loaded
with all equipment. ammunition. provisions
fresh water and stores carried in time of
war, but without fuel or reserve feed wa
ter on board" A ton is defined as 224O
pounds and while existing ships to re-
tain their present displacements, future
vessels must be measured in this standard
displacement.
Chapter is headed: Miscellaneous pro-
Visions and contains four additional ar
ticles of the treaty dealing with its applica-
non should any contracting power be
naval warfare and also with the duration
OF the agreement and the requirement for
its ratification.
Can Call New Farley.
Article 21 provides that if the require
ments of the national security of any con
tracing power in respect of naval defense
are, in the opinion of that power. ma
terially affected by any change of cir
eumstances.' such power may request a
conference for reconsideration and amend
ment of the treaty. 1t provides further
scientific developments" the United States
after consultation, shall arrange for Il fur
ther conference as soon as possible after
the expiration of eight years" of the com
ing into force of the treaty.
Article - provides that should a con
tracing power become engaged ''in a war
which in its opinion affects the naval de-
Tense of its national security" it may sus-
pend Its treaty obligations notice for
the period of the war other than those of
article IS. providing that vessels designated
to be scrapped may not be reconverted into
war vessels and seventeen, providing
that no war vessel under construction
within jurisdiction of the contracting pow
ers on foreign account may be taken for
war uses. In the event Of such a suspen-
sion, the remaining powers agree to Con
suit together with a view to agreement
as to what temporary notifications if any
themselves" Failing such an agreement
the remaining powers may also give notice
of suspension of the treaty obligations
with the same exceptions. On cessation of
confer for the purpose of making any nee
essary notifications in the treaty.
In Force Fifteen Years.
Article % provides that the treaty ere
main in force until December 81. 1896, and
have given notice two years before that
date of its intention to terminate the
treaty it shall continue in force until the
expiration of two years from the date on
by one of the contracting powers, where
upon the treaty shall terminate regards
all the contracting poEcrs." Provision Is