davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-02-21
Italy Arouses jealousy
OF Allies in Asia Minor

England, France and Italy none of
them honestly believing in the open
door, set about stalking out spheres of
influence in Asia Minor Each had the
same object, that OF securing special
advantages and closing territories to
freedom of commercial intercourse.
England and France are constitutional
ly jealous of Italys obtaining any spe-
clal advantage, however, and plans
for partitoning Asa Minor CONNER
ciaily were hardly drawn before
ltaly's vigorous action in that field
aroused the opposition Of her asso-
clates. SO the plan was devised of
injecting Greece into the situation.
Asia Minor is Turkish. with q fringe
Of Greek population along the
Mediterranean water front The prob
lem of making the turks and the
creeks live peacefully together is as
Glfficutt as TO make Irishmen and
Eng ishmen agree on political views.
Tho Turk is fighter and an acricul-
turlst. The commercial instinct is com
Nletely left out of his makeup. Left
TO itself Turkish community might
starve, because 1t would lack the
ability to exchange it's goods efficiently.
The Greek has the commercial in
stlnct in high degree, and so all
enIOugh the Turkish Empire the Greek
has performed the necessary service Of
digging the channels for commerce
HIS commercial honor is not high, and
row we know, after brief experience
IN Asia Minor, that he has little no.
lltica administrative ability.
If have appraised rightly the stu
alton i'll Asia Minor, and nv views
pave been formed on high testimony.
the permanency Of Greek occupation is
impossible. If you put two highly bred
nu'ldogs IN pen together and left
them to fight it out, you would have
about as humane a situation as Won
rave with Turks and Greeks both at
tempting to rule in Asia Minor.
The Treaty Of Sevrcs, which was do
signed, to make terms of peace with
Turkey, was never ratified by any party
to 1t and has permanently fallen in
the "astebas&et Of European politics.
Nenizelos charmed the peacemakers
Of Paris and they unwisely carved ont
an empire for Greece. Along the whole
northern coast Of the Aegean, Mace
COMA and Thrace were cut away from
Jugo-Slavia, Bulgaria and Turkey and
were gwen over to Greek administra-
ton.
This has resulted in a monumental
failure IN political administration
Hundreds of thousands Of Turks. Bul-
earians and Slavs have been turned
INTO homeless refugees and arc today
New-York tribune., 1922-02-21
Self-Determination Method
Calamity as Great as War

AppncatOn OF the principles of self
determlnatlon as carried out by these
treaties was most dangerous expert
ment. Its result has proven to be one
OF tNe greatest curses that has fallen
upon Europe. That does not mean that
determination was wrong. But it is
now perfectly clear that it was an error
to permit Standardization to create
nm Der of new states, each believing
Itself to be supremcly sovereign. with
out at the same time controlling the
relations of these states to each other
nat was calamity as great as war
itself
1t was within the power Of the treaty
makers OF Paris to have so federated
these states that the economic posi-
bllities arising from this unrestrained
self determination would not have been
so certain. Perhaps there was fear
that federated states would become
dangerous political units. The a!terna-
tive OF erecting states in which ma
tlonal antagonisms were famed to
white heat and leaving them wholly
unrestrained in their relations to each
other Is proving still more dangerous.
Z Is leading to economic decay and
the breakdown of the machinery of in
terchange by which the industrial non
ulstlons arc supported.
The Treaty Of Trianon, by which the
terms of peace were imposed upon Hun
gary, has been characterized by Lord
Newton as the most disastrous and
senseiess action for which internation-
al statesmen Aavc been responsible"
If there could be a just weighing OF
war guilt, Hungary would probably
have to shoulder no small burden Of
sponsibility. But whatever that re
sponsibility may be, she must have
'ully expiated it in the horrors Of
peace.
No weapon was ever more savagelv
used IN the war than was the map
makers pen in drawing the new Hun
cary. Hungary had been a consojj-
dated kingdom for a thousand years.
ana ITS boundaries had been better de- !
Nneated by nature. Mountains and
rivers formed those boundaries. Fey !
ceuntrles in the world had been out
lred by geographical conditions. Most
OF the people composing it were Of re- (
lated stock.
The treaty formed out of the center
of the old kingdom a new and Gttle
nation Nearly two thirds Of the ''te,g ter.
ritory and the population of old Hun
gary was carved away; not an old
boundary remained Of all the mutiIaN
tons Of the great war, this mutjlation
of the peace stands out in sharn nre.
eminence.
After the terms of the Treaty Of
Irianon came to be understood there
FAMED up in what was left of Hungary
whltehot irredentist feeling. Every /
political thought and motive was
nodded into determination that some
day this mutt ated country should re-
gain its old boundaries. On the door
OF every house III Budapest was nailed
a map that showed the boundaries Of /
the old kingdom. within which we're
the lines of mutilation that the new
map making had drawn. Under this
map was the legend in Magyar: "No,
never. neYer,n
New-York tribune., 1922-02-21
What Next ", Eltr0pe?
THE Erils That Flow From tie Paris
Treaties -4re Injuring Europe More
Seriously Than Did the Wdr Itself"

This the eighth l landerp
conditions Europe he obserred them dwing months
through fifteen
The ninth outlining has "Gold Reserr Bont Erope
'cV be published n
New-York tribune., 1922-02-21

By Frank a. Nanderlip
The hurt which Europe is feeling
so poignantly is not the direct wound
of the war. Certainly that wound was
horribly severe but in a sense it was
comparatively clean wound and
could have been healed in time. The
distress that Europe is suffering, dis
trcss that is progressive, the outcome
Of which no man may predict with as
surance, arises less from the direct
injury of the war than from the in
direct consequences of the peace
There has been a general dislocation
in Europe of the economic organization
of life. That is the chief cause OF
Europe's suffering to-day.
Many of the roots Of that suffering
run directly into the ground of the
various treaties of Paris which made
peace, or attempted to make peace,
with all Central Europe from the
Mediterranean to the Baltic.
My feeling is that the various peace
treaties that were written at Paris
contained much that was unjust and
unsound. Magnanimity was wholly
lacking. The treaties were dictated in
spirit Of reprisa, revenge and self
ishness, and in econdtaic blindness.
The evils that flow from those unhappy
facts arc injuring Europe more seri-
ously than did the war itself.
Treaties Were Conceived
In Hatred and Malice
One does not need to be pro-anything
to see that these treaties were CON
ceived in hatred and malice In the
minds Of their makers they had back
ground of an awful irreparable injury
they had suffered.
When treaties are so made, they are
not healing Documents Outside Of the
provision for the League Of Nations,
there is nothing in the various treaties
of Paris that is healing. It is very
difficult TO see how continent af-
ficted with them can recover until they
are rewritten; for that they will be
rewritten Is inevitable. They have
set up political situations as unstable
as quicksilver. They have drawn ma
tional boundary lines that may be
erased like pencil marks. They have
created economic situations which must
be altered, or whole peoples must
economically perish.
1t does not seem likely that any of
these changes will be made by the
Allies. Nevertheless changes are in
evitable.
There is an amazing situation sur
rounding those treaties. l will make
the assertion that there is not q we'll
informed man in Europe who will
e-heartedly defend them. mean
this sweeping statement literally.
Nevertheless, the treaties stand sacro-
sanct. They are holy and cannot be
altered in letter. Nobody believes in
their wisdom and justice; and nobody
believes in the political possibility Of
revising them by agreement.
France is universally charged with
being the stumbling block in the way
Of altering the treaties. The charge
is in q measure true, but even the most
sponslole OF French statesmen will
privately admit that unfairness, un-
wisdom and injustice are imbedded in
them
New-York tribune., 1922-02-21

Tariff barriers have divided old friends.
Nungarlans in the segregated terri
tories have suffered prosecutions that
make it impossible for them to cor
tinue to live there. Czecho -Slovakia
decrced that former Hungarian lands
could be bought at 1914 prices and
paid for in 1920 deprecated currency
Jugo- Slavia cut up large agricultural
tracts that were Hungarian owned on
the theory that they wanted small
peasant holdings, but no Hungarian
peasant could acquire title to a new
holding.
The government in Pennsylvania is
characterized by even English observ
ers rs profoundly unsatisfactory"
Under Rumanisn rule Trnnsy ylvania is
largely governed by secret police, who
seem to have taken Bolshevistic Russia
a a model. Any native may be brought
before the Rumanian secret police and
sentenced without legal proceedings.
They are fogged and sent to prison
without any assigned reason.
The Rumanian language has been
made compulsory. Land owners are
dispossessed and houses are requsi-
toned on the morest pretcXt, while
the grosSest corruption prevails among
of ic ials.
There is poison, not healing. in the
Treaty of Trianon.
When at Paris the new nation Of
Poland was cxteMpori7ed and no guid-
ing forces created, obvious necessary
precautions were neglected in way
that threatens the permanent existence
Of reconstructed Poland. The Poles
were without political experience, for
they had been excluded from govern
ment for generations.
They had to create the machinery for
the government of nation Of 10000
600 overnight, and the material out of
which they had to build the new gov
ernment was utterly unframed to the
possibilities of government. Poland
was left with indistinct borders on
every side and with the Red army Of
Bolshevism threatening to strike at it's
heart. 1t is small wonder that mis-
takes were made. 1t would have been
impossible to have proceeded without
making almost fatal errors.
Those mistakes have already bank
rupted Poland, perhaps not irrotriev-
ably, for it is rich country, but for
the time being it presents sorry
financial spectacle. and as a political
unit it is unstable
New-York tribune., 1922-02-21
Economic Blunders Are
Greater Than Political

The economic blindness with which
these new frontier lines we're drawn
vas even greater than the political
blunders. One finds beet fields on one
side OF The national line and the fac
tory that s}ould turn the product irto
sugar IN the other side Lines Of
transportation are so cut that they
cease to befpf much ssonsmic value.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23
|PRESBYTER|ANSASK'
AID FOR STUDENTS.
More Funds Needed to En- able
Young Men to Complete Min
isterial Courses
$l51,783 SPENT LAST YEAR
Ey the Associated Press

Des Moines. May 90. - Chris
tian education holds the key TO the civ .
ilization Of the future was declared in
the annual report of the Presbyterian
General Board of Education. presented
today to the General Assembly Of the
Presbyterian Church in the United
States Of America by the general sec
rotary, DR.. Edgar +. Hill, of New
York.
"This is the\cnd Of the second year
Of the challenge fund Of the board for
$35, 900. 900 to he'raised in eight years. -
DIR. Hill continued. The first year
produced Sj.OS6 900. The last twelve
months added more than $4,000. 900.
demonstrating beyond doubt the value
nf.a challenge hind In stimulating fnan-
cial campaigns for education.
MANY students in Presbyterian col
leges and candidates for the ministry
would have been unable TO pursue their
studies but for the boards financial aid .
One young man was discovered SO
,.raitened that he vas making dinner
Of frozen apples in an orchard. Two
sisters in one college pay their board BY
Kitchen work. but the board had TO come
to the rescue for their other expenses.
During the year 1O6 students pre-
pairing for full. time Christian service
have received scholarship aid, The
average amount was S13T.S3. totaling
S97 $40. Most of this was for minis
terial students. Rotary loans amount
Ing to SOS. .42J were distributed among
1I6 students. From the soldiers and
sailors fund S26.04I was allotted to
1875 students. A total Of 1915 students
thus received aid from the board to the
amount of S151. .1S3. Notwithstanding
172 had to quit college because Of fail
ing resources. Larger funds are needed
by the board for this work.
''Student enrolment in Presbyterian
colleges has been larger than ever be-
FORE
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23
RISK FIRMS HEAD
IS ACTIVE At 83
EIihu c. Irwin Is at Desk as
Usual on Birthday-Too
Young for Golf
REFUSES TO BE PESSlMiST

One of the oldest acting insurance
company presidents in the United
States. Elhu c. Irwin. celebrated his
eighty third birthday Yesterday at his
desk at the Fire Association Of Phil
adelphia. 4nl Walnut street.
Of fine stature. robust. he attended
to his work. talked with associates.
received congraiiations over the te,e-
phone and hS telegraph.
He is president Of three companies
Victory Insurance. Reliance Insur
ance and the Fire Association. and Is
a director of the First National Ranl;
and member Of 'he Chamber of Com
merce. He is one of the eS.presidents
Of the National Board of Fire Under
writer's.
How do you manage to keep up
your aCtivities:' he was asked.
Well. am a Republican and n
Presbyterian--a and that helps he ex
plained jokingly.
Golf was suggested as his health pre-
server. He registered disdain. \
I'm not old enough to play golf. "
he retorted. Work and vigorous exer
else Will do for me for n while" he
continued. IL believe in work II keep.
n person mentally alert. and I want to
keep mentally active and useful as lonv
as I am to live.
What | would like to say to young
men and women in looking backward. .
he said. lis that most folks spend the
remainder Of their life after forty try
ing TO correct the mistakes made in
morals. associates. marriage and in the
care Of health and finances. Every
things looks lovely until about forty
Ihen mistakes begin to loom fatally.
"lf old age is to be rich and full and
pleasant. young people must think
about what they do in the first half OF
SO of their lives, so that old age will
not have TO be scramble and struggle
to overcome errors.
Human nature Is the same today as
yesterday he said. And II may b.
even Just a little better now"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23

that an Of the bank accounts have been
manipulated and we have requested all
banks having dealings with r.. ID. DER
& Go. to submit transcripts OF accounts
from January. 1921. to January IT,
1922" ...
Look for Further Withdrawals
The accountant also informed the
receiver that the auditing force Is en-
tlcavoring to ascertain IL there was any
wrongful withdrawal Of cash or &C.
counts from the business. a large par'
of which, il Is believed, to be recover
able commissions paid to members OF
the New York stock Exchange; losses
on house accounts /; for loss sustained or
the transfer Of the Charles A: stone
ham account. and losses occasioned D!
the retirement Of Colonel Henry u
Hughes from the firm.
The auditors are nlso greatly inter
csted in an item referred to by DIE
off this item in the. profit and los
column as $21O, ,237.O4. The account
ants are ut loss as to what 1t real!!
means. They have 80 far been unable
TO trace It anywhere and have In theil
report to the receiver declared the err
ror account to be Joker and sa!
that to this item was charged anything
that could not be accredited else
where.
Crecking up. the accountants have
found that the administrative expenses
from January I. 1921. to May 1S. 1921
were: Branch Offices, S144 CD; genera
administrative expenses, 30,O14.93
salaries, S1I7,338, showing an actual
administrative loss during the period
amounting to $498, 1872, and that
does not include the genera! expense
item Of $50, T54.34 nor the deduction
from income Of S119, ,O82. .92 nor the
profit ard loss charges of $130. .OS4.7S
which makes the net loss for the period
SS06, ,O1S.78.
Then the Money Flew
However, that loss was only q
starter. for during the closing period
from May 10, 1921. when DER reor
ganized his company taking in Law
renee Starr and Harry J. Lawrence,
who had been his secretary. the money
fairly poured out in an effort to, keer
up appearance.
Salaries and expenses in general
fairly leaped. The administrative ex.
penses for the closing period went tc
S544, 600 and the general adNinistra.
tive expense reached $76.313.32. while
salaries scared to a total Of $2SS. .352 SO
| This brought en- m administrative los:
Of 81. .O75 1874 and a general expense
of S2S5 ,248.O1. Then there was a fur
ther deduction from income Of $262,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23
PRESBYTERIAN CHOIR IN
FINE CHORAL CONCERT
Amazingly Good Rendition Of a Cap.
pe,Ia SONGS Given In the Foyer


The choir of the Second Presbyterian
Church gave a concert in the foyer Of
the Academy Of Music last evening
under the leadership of the director. y.
LINDSAY Norden, and presented one Of
the best performances which has been
heard in this city for a long time.
Mr.. Norden has for years been one
of the leading American exponents Of a
cappella singing and is also perhaps the
principal American deliver into the beau
ties and mysteries Of Russian music.
This tendency was illustrated last eve
ming. for in program Of fifteen choral
numbers eight were Russian in their
origin.
But the real gem Of the evening was
not Russian. but was from that master
Of all composers. Sebastian Bach. the
superb chorale. Break Forth The
Russian musical temperament is melsn.
cholic, to put it mildly. even in his
religious work. as one who hopes for the
hest, but is in the end a bit doubtful
about it. The Bach chorale. like all
nv sacred music. was full Of the spiri,
Of confidence and a devotion which nc
other composer has even approached
Technically the choir has almost per-
feet balance and a remarkable beauty
of tone. While the number of voices
was small for eight and nine part sing
ing, this was more than compensated
for by the spirit and the enthusiasm Of
the organization. The dynamic effects
were carefully observed and the director
saw TO it that the extraordinary effect
2 of those remarkable BASES was by no
means lost. The tenors, led by Charles
Stahl. were fine throughout a long and
trying program. the sopranos had a
remarkable faculty Of singing in tune
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23
SHIPS IN SPEED CONTEST
New Majestic Seeks to Break Rec
ord Of Mauretania

New York. May 25.-(By "A. ~
Steamship. circles are watching with
interest the contest for fastest ship
honors which ia apparently now on be-
tween the new White star Liner Ma.
jestic and the world speed record
holder, the Mauretania of the Cunard
Line.
The Mauretania which left here May
10 completed her voyage to Cherbour I
Sunday. her running time. the line here
was advised, being five days twelve
hours and thirty. one minutes.
The Majestic which sailed on her
first return voyage Saturday, was re-
ported Yesterday wireless as having
made from noon Sunday to noon today
an average speed Of A.50 knots an
hour. She reported n handicap in tha,
she was held up forty minutes outside
of New York Harbor when a passenger
fell or jumped overheard, and again
during Sunday she experienced seven
and one.hnlf hours of fog which COM
PEELED her to greatly reduce her speed.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23
Find Dier Made.
1858 IL, Profits
Continned from Pase One


of the reports turned in by the ac.
countant who has been trying to ferret
out the condition Of the affairs Of this
defunct concern.
Commissions Ran High
Dcr never made n nickel in his deal
ings. He couldn't the way he worked
II he had simply buckctcd his orders he
would have saved hundreds of thou
sands of dollars. But he didn'A Fol
example. when der got an order from
customer to buy nc would put th,
order through commission house. The
commission would be .Sl5 n hundred
shares for the purchase. Then shortl,
thereafter there would be a sell ordel
and once more der would have to pa,
S15 hundred shares for the sale. Then
too. there was the interest. and believe
me, that was something. II Dier hat
simply buckctcd the orders he woult
have saved all those thousands he pait
out in commissions and interest.
Some idea as TO just where all of tht
money handled by the DER concern
went can be CLEANED by looking over
the general report of the accountant
In one statement It is shown that check
disbursements through the Seaboart
National Bank of New York. from Ma,
10, 1921. to January 90. 1922, totalet
S24 .607, Goa. SO. This is represented
by bank loans of $11 .1I5, "a and
brokers' loans Of S2,24O.311.26 and tC
sundry brokers. 81 .8O7. .903. SO. DER.
personal checks on this bank during
that period amounted to S139. 1892
But that Is but part of what Diei
actually did receive in the way of q
drawing account. The accountant says
that DER. from January I. 1921, unit
January 16. 1922. with the count in
complete because Of missing check
stubs. amounts to 1902, sos. A." Hay.
concluded.
The cash disbursements through the
New York Trust Company only
amounted TO S527, ,O27.S1 from May 10
1921. to January 16. 1922, but that i.
more or less explained in memo from
Bernard j Rcis. the accountant tC
Manfred Enrich, receiver. In the
memo Refs says:
"The figures of S527 .O2I.S1 are OK
elusive Of the period August 13, 1921
to December /, 1921 because all of tn,
check stubs and most of the checks ar,
missing and we have been unable t.
trace them through Fred Andrews ant
Gus Stroh to the blotter. 1t appear,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23
FEDERAL MEDICAL BUREAU
URGED BY De SCHWElNITZ
President. Elect Addresses America n
Assoc station at St. Louis

st. Louis. May 23.-A resolution
criticizing the approval by Federal Gov
ernment Of school of chiropractors as
q means Of vocational training for dis.
abled former service men was intro
duced in the House OF Delegates Of the
American Medical Association conven-
tion yesterday, together with resolutions
for numerous reforms in the medical
practice, including the lessening Of re-
ptrictions on the sale Of whisky for
medical purposes.
In an address DR.. George F.. De
Schweinitz, Of Philadelphia, president
elect. stressed the advocation Of n bu-
rsau in Washington to co Operate with
executive bodies in enacting laws deal
ing with medicine and practitioners. H.
announced that application for mem
bership in the association had been re-
ceived from Eastern Europe.
Under the whisky resolution the
Government would sell the LIQUOR in
sealed packets Of eight. sixteen and
thirty-two ounces for medical use only
at fixed rate TO be printed on the
label. This. the resolution states.
"would insure pure whisky at fair
price
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1922-05-23
MOB SEXES NEGRO SLAYER
Man Awaiting Execution Taken
From Georgia Jail After Fioht

IrwintOn. Ga. May 23.-'Ey A. p
A mob Of fifty or sixty persons
stormed the Wilkinson County Jail early
today and, after a fight in which one Of
the guards and a member of the mob
were, slightly wounded. seized Jim Den.
son. a Negro, sentenced TO hang June
16 for attacking a white woman.
The mob placed rope around the
Negro's neck and took him away in an
automobile. No trace of him had been
found early today by the Sheriff and his
deputies.
benson was convicted more than two
years ago on charge Of attacking II
seventy two year old white woman. His
execution was postponed several times
and the United States Supreme Court
finally affirmed his conviction. He was
removed to Macon for safskeeping. but
was brought back yesterday to Irwinton
10 be rescntenced.