The New York herald., 1922-12-05
ENGLAND And RUSSIA
BATTLE FOR CONTROL
OF THE DARDANELLES
Tchitcherin Dominates the
Conference and Clashes
With CurZOn.
TURK STAND SECRET
Refuse to Define It, but Ex-
press Sympathy for At
titude of Soviets.
ALLIES WAIT ON ITALY
America May Prove Deciding
Factor to End Dispute
on the Straits.
ALLIES WAIT ON ITALY
ny LAURENCE HrLLs.

Copyright. 1893, oy THE New Yorx HyIsLp.
LAUSANNE. Dec. 4.-The United
States appears as potentially the de-
cisIve factor in the struggle for the
control OF the Dardanelles as a result
Of a situation which developed here
to-day. America has not yet spoken
It's views upon this all important Ques-
ton for tho world. 1t Ia awaiting a
definition and statement Of the allied
position. which was to be prepared to-
night by q conference ofsthe English,
Italian and French delegations. The
conference. which was held in Lord
''urzon's apartments. adjourned. how
ever, about midnight without drafting
n statement because Of the attitude of
The Italian delegate Garroni, who said
he would have to refer the matter to
Mussolini.
The Russo Turkish attitude was de-
fined at this afternoons conference.
There will be no meeting on the
straits therefore, tomorrow. The stu
alton is considered grave, as the Turks
appear greatly pleased over to-days de-
velopments and the maneuvering by
Tchitcherin and are pow>less amenable
10 allied persuasion. For the Allies tbs
Russo Turkish position is pronounced
intolcrable.
Russians Aggressive.
An extreme and aggressive position
was taken by the Russians In to-day's
tNa favor Of
closed waterway for warships. with
control resting absolutely with Turkey.
,s.as,,protection- against Great Britain.
which under n system OF international
control is now dominating the straits.
the Russians say. and making durable
peace in the Near East absolutely I'M
possible.
The battle seems TO be between Eng
land and Russia, with the Turks walt
Ing for future Developments. Russia
did not throw down the gauge of battle
to-day TO England but virtually implied
=. much. The Russians dominated tho
eoceedings. the Turks refusing to state
their position until the Allies had stated
theirs: but they declared that UP TO
t,e present they had found themselves
in sympathy with Russian views. Should
the Americans throw their moral weight
on thes side OF the Allies for an open
waterway, permitting warships to enter
rho Black Sea to protect commerce and
the I!ttoral states. the Russians. even
n the Turks join them, may have to
yield.
Turkey Is after either American or
English gold. She wants At least half a
billion dollars for development. She is
not completely satisfied with the Rus
sisns and will be impressed with any
stand the Americans take. An American
statement, THE New YORK HERALD cor
respondent learns. already Is prepared
but Is being withheld until that of .ne
Allies ~ announced
Summed UP. here is the situation that
developed to-day The Russians, speak
Ing through George Tchitcherin. came
out for an absolutely closed waterway
10 warshipe. Tchitcherin explaining later
that Russia had suffered five years from
an open waterway, during which .tme
her Black Sea ports were boubarded and
insurrections assisted In consequence.
and that Russia could not and would not
permit In the future England's hand to
ba at her throat.
The Rumanians and the Bulgarians.
inepired by the Allies to feel out the
Turks position, pronounced themselves
FOR an open waterway. demilitarizing the
Black sea. which Tchitchcrin later pro-
bounced to be the greatest of all histori-
cal Inconsistencies.
Russians WIN Advantage.
Diplomatically. the Russians and the
Turks backed tho Allies of the map"
completely dlsarrangins their program
for the straits discussion. Lord Curzon
and Tel ,tcherin conducted rnost OF the
discussion. Tho British Foreign Sec
retary pointedly asked the Russian For
,tgn Ccmmissar IL he presumed to
speak not only for Georgia and the
Ukraine but also for Turkey. Tchit-
chei1n did not reply 70 this. but point
-dly asked Lord Curxon IL England was
at the table as arbiter OF the worlds
dcstinies. Russia. he said. demanded
that she be recognized as one Of the
great Powers. In complete equality with
England. and did not recognize England
as arbiter. The situation became very
tense.