davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
sSsstrsTIoN RAIEs = Is mali Including
s.s.a6a fs GiiE UNITED STATES
6 j A 3 a rY

~ sse purchase msrehentise advertised "a THE
ssfSaHE with absolute safsty--ief ,f dissatlsiac-
3 4 sassgfS In any ease The TRIEuNE euafaa-
sE.s u psy your meny eack hgoa teaues,. Nc red
81. No ogibb'ins wo rvi1aa premptly II the
ssssssler Gees not.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
us,IpER or ruG ASSOCIATED l,nEss

Re Associated Press Is eScius yslS cntiiisd 20 the
4, fcr repubication OF ali ews dispatches credited
y il OF Otherwise credi ed ia this paper. and
ss tae local 1leys OF Spontaneous origin Published
sFsssssa
81 fishts Of capitalization OF ali other matter
fssisa also reserved
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
A Week of Verse
Mirror. Mirror

fFron, The Boolsneag
MIRRoR, mirror, tell me,
Am pretty or plain?
Or am ] downright ugly,
And ugly TO remain7
Snail / marry gentleman?
Shall ] marry g clown7
Or shall / marry old knives-and- -scis.
sors
Shouting through the town?
ROBERT GRAVES.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
Back in Winter Quarters

fFroni The Washington star1
The solid South sometimes melts u
little. but solidifes again on short
notice.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26

The soul Of Pugley heartily deny.
ON TORTURE. A PUBLIC SINGER
Torture will give q dozen pence or
more
To keep a drab from bswIing at his
door.
The public taste is quite q different
thing
Torture is positively paid 60 sing.
ON PAUNCH, A PARASITE
Paunch talks against good liquor to
excess,
And then about his raving patroness;
And then he talks about himself. And
then
We turn the conversation on to men.
ON HYGIENE
Of old when folk lay sick and sorely
tried
The doctors gave them physic, and
they died.
But here's happier age; for now We
know
Both how to make men sick and kss1s
them so.
ON LADY PoLTAGRUE, A PUBLIC
PERIL
The DEVIL having nothing else 60 do,
Went OFF to tempt My Lady Poltagruas
My Lady, tempted by a private whina,
To his extreme ANNOYANCE, temuSaX
him.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
THE TEIEpHnNr

Tonight in million-voiced London I
Was lonely IS the million-pointed ski
Until your single voice. Ahi so the sun
Peoples all heaven. although he ba
but oneg
81. RELInn.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
Epigrarns

EpIgTHIn3
fFron The London Mercaryg
ON HIS BOOKS
WHEN ] am dead, hope &c may be
said:
"His sins were scarlet, but his books
were read"
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
ON NoMAN, A GUEST

ON NoMAN, A GUEST
Dear Mr.. Noman, does It ever strike
you,
The more we see Of You the less we
like you?
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
History Viewed Cross-Eyed

fFrom The Atlanta Constitution,
Some war histories are funny. Our.
saws Turkey was on the losing side.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26

ON PUGLEY, A DON
Pugley denies the Soul; why, so do 1
The soul of PugIey heartily deny.
New-York tribune., 1922-11-26
,aela, llork 0Igil,,11,e
Ssrst ID s.ast---the Truth: News--Edi.
is--Advertisemeuts
ssaaer u tte Agdit lsufeaa n ciscuIassens
stss,As. NOVEMBER 2s, 1872

NSsa.. Il, Nv fess frsSime gsse. SeN YORK
sz3sss,sss nh tuslisbei daily O.dea EAid preai-
49, ss sfra inssrs Sietd Wee -tresiiesif Reward
~. ~ refsss j. Z. Msxaed. Trea ilreg Aisife g.
ssaas Rafkllas. Isi Nassau Street Now YexS
3.ss glsssate. Beskmsn ae5o.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10
{ AXE GUIDES
Pc FL 10
MANIC: An
Il IS the Safe and Reliable
Trnic Used By Pilys:-
Clans !'or 30 Years

There are new styles" even in
medicines. ! new fad comes, is
POPULAR for 4 while. and thcn Fades
on. Of public view. i remedy that has
stood the ycst icr thirty years must
have remarkable merit and cannot be
called = fad Such is Guides Pcpto-
M.ncar, originated by Dr.. !. Guide
OYER ou&r.2~ ccntGr- ago. which
l."& helped Many thousands OF people
taci: 10 rood health ~ importing the
blood. repto- Mangan IS an j"on tonic.
1t contains iron in special form east
~ absorbed ~ the system. It puts
Colo. into tic i:os and checks and
improves thc entire boGy hy inprov-
ing and cnriching the blood. it is sold
b. ,l.ugc:ats i! both liqEiu and tablet
form. r r3a want to be vel! and
&.ron% and loo: fine and healthy, take
Guides flanagan. Advcrrlsenl ent.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10

Quito, capital of Ecuador, is the
only city in the world located on the
exact line Of the Equator. At Quito
the sun rises and sets ct o'clock al!
the year round.
Client, Belgium, stands on twenty
six islands which are connected WIN
each ether b. eighty bridges. The city
is noted as the birthplace Of Charles
Y and John II Gaunt. 1t IS associated
with American history b. being me
scene Of the treaty Of Dec. q: 1914,
which terminated the second war pc
tween the United GATES anc England.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10

in every way possible in giving pub
lefty to this Statewide Community
Life Campaign. We are anxious to
reach every nook and corner OF this
Commonwealth through this cam
paign. To do this / viii be neces-
sary for us to have the hearty CO
operation of the newspapers, both
daily and weekly. :,
Thanking you for your kind consul
Thanking you for your !and coop
GRAFTON, am
Sincerely,
.Jorn Preston Mcconnell
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10
State Wide Community Life
Campaign

East Rarford, Vi.-TollowinS the
Rural Life Conference held in the
House of <Delegats, Richmond, Va,
Nav 1922, conference Of Rural Lie
Agencies was appointed BY the Chair
man. Hon. 2 Walton Moore. On this
sheet rersonne! Of this State Council
Of Rural Agencies which represents q
large nunbci. Of constructive aid pub
lie spirited organizations Of this
State.
This State Cou:sc:l OF Rural Agcn-
ci;.s has. fjor some time been planning
a Statewide Community Life Cam
paig,s in behalf Ct al! the f!ncr lnter-
csls CT The peopie o. The whole state.
The ,noltn OF day 1922 has been
Gxcd for this Statewide "Commuc!s2
Liz Campaign During the month
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10
GUT TOBACCO
So Easy to Drop Cigarette, Cigar, OF
Chewing Habit

Nc-To-Bac has helped thousands to
break the costly, nerve-Sta .tering to-
bacco habit. Whenever you nave a
longing for smoke O.. chew, just
place /. harmless N0-To-n&c tablet \
vcar mouth instead All desire stops.
Shortly the habit is completely broke"
and you arc better of mentally, ply
s;cal;y, financially. It's so easy s."
simple. Get box Of Nn-Io-Eac and
if doesn't release You from all GRAZ
inn. for tobacco in any form, Eo2:
druggist will refund your money VII.
out question.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10
II STOMACH rs BAD
LET DIAPEHSlN END
GAS, INDIGESTION

"Papcs Diapepsin" has proven itself
the sure relief for IndigeGstion, Gases
F!aturcnce. Heartburn. Sourncss, Fer
mentaticn or Stomach Distress caused
by acidity. A few tablets give almost
immediate stomach relief and shortly
the stomach IS corrected so you car
eat favorite foods Without fear
Large case cost only a few cents 4:
drug stor@. Millions helped aran;.i!".
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10

OF May it IS planned to reach every
community in the State by literature,
by information, and by men and Won-
en- who will in each community speak
in church, school houses, and on all
occasions where they can get hear
ing.
During the next few weeks much
information will DC given out as 10
the plans End methods OF this Com
mun!ty Life Campaign.
Chairman Of the Publicity Committee:
committee for the whole State, | am
M.it.ng Nou 20 ask your ccoperat!On
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10
Dive Skirt, Coat
E>raperies With
Diamond Dyes

Gaci, package Of Diamond Dyes"
contains directions Sc simple rnat any
woman can dye Or tint faded. shabby
skirts, dresses, w&:StS, coats, sweater,
stockings, laDg;ngs. drapc:.cs, every
thirg Ike new. Buy diamond DycS"
10 o:hc. l.iad--tilen perfect home
ding is guaranteed, even ( Eca
have ncver dyed before. Tell your
Giuggi&6 whetncr the material goa
wish to dye is wool o. silk, Or whether
il is linen, cotton, or mixed goods. D!a-
:.1ond Dycs never streak, spot, fade, o.
run.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10
VOTE GROUNDS

Ey planting our iardy evergre"ns,
shrubs, vines. ard shadc trees, fruit
trees. grapes, berry plants, etc. Nov
is time 20 plant. We sell 70 you direct
ri lowest prices; ne agents. Write
for free cata!og. Established 1G
years..
J. =. WATKINS & BRO.
Midlothian, Va.
Eo-ruf1 -itc
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10

The incest misunderstanding IN inc
world to physic your liver and no"e's
when you have Dizzy Head:.lhe, ColuS;
Biliousness. Indigestion. or Upset Aciu
stomach IS candy-life "Cascare's.
One or two tonight will empty your
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10

Eov TO His Dad-;'DaG, can YOU
sign your name with your eyes shut"
ri. D&d-"CertaiE:y."
Boy well, then, shut your eyes
and sign my report card. "-~Th@ "oy"'
Rnya-i,,"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10

Out Of 4 population Of 100000 :
coo the world contains only $50
0G0000 white inhabitants.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1922-03-10
For Constipated Bowels, Sick Headache
Sour Stomach, Bilious Liver

bowels completely by morning. and
you will feel splendid. They work
while you sleep" Cascarcts never stir
you up or grippe like Salts, Pills. Gallo
mel. or OIL and they cost only 10 cents
a box, Cnildceu love Cascarcts tao,
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
UNNVJURED VETS
To AID DISABLED
MACN|DER'S PLAN
Head of American Legion De-
cIares Every Ex-Service Man
Shall Have Square Deal.

Pittsburgh, Jan. 23.--Hanford Mac.
Nider, national commander Of the
American Legion, addressing forme,
service men here Monday night, asked
veterans who were in position to dc
SO to help those who had been manned
or were impaired in the war.
''The American LEGION" he said, Fin
tends to see that every man gets a
square deal. However, a plan has been
initiated whereby the uninjured mem
bers of the organization can belp the
disabled men, MacNider declared. Eve
suggest that every man who can af-
ford it, and there must be many thous-
ands. turn over to the Iegion's rotat
ing fund all he can spare to go to the
help of disabled men, while We are
battling our way through all this red
tape that clogs the machinery of JUS
tice."
We don't understand the workings
of the present veterans bureau he
concluded, 'but we are going to CO.
operate with it and fight it out for the
benefit Of the unfortunate service
man."
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
DE VALERA INVITES
RICH |R|SHMEN To
AID ISLE SCHOOLS
World Congress in Paris Dis
cusses Spread of Celtic
Culture Abroad.

Paris. Jan. 23.-1By The Associated
Press. THE world Irish congress, in
the absence of any concrete question
on its program SHRDL HRDLU r
session Monday in academic discussion
of education and the spread of Irish
culture abroad.
Eamonn de Valera invited rich Irish
men in foreign countries to endow
professionships in universities and
create scholarships for children of the
Irish race to complete their education
in Ireland
Ihe SioWnesS of the congress TO
get to work on definite plans was ex-
planned by its organizers us due to the
fact that the meet.ng was planned be-
fore Ireland became q free state SO
that naturally the program had to be
radically altered The idea Of 1Ir. de
Valera and other leaders is to make
use OF the exciting Irish organizations
IN every country to form world
league through which to work for the
spread of Irish culture, to ed,,ca,.
Irish descendants everywhere in Irish
history. and help in Ireland's economic
interests
Mr.. de Valera asked the delegates
to take pattern after the United States.
where he said the Irish language was
still kept alive He declared also that
through athletics the Irish people
would be able to make their mark in
all corners of the world. since most of
the great athletic champions bore Irish
names.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
REPUBLICANS CALL
CAUCUS To FRAME
UP BONUS MEASURE
House Members Who Saw Ser
vice Demand Immediate
Action on Compensation.

Washington Jan. 23.-Call for a
caucus Thursday night Of the repub-
liean members of the house on the
soldier bonus was issued Monday. I'M
mediate action on an adjusted com
pensation bill has been demanded by
a group of members who We're in the
military service during the war.
At the conference they plan to
offer a resolution instrueting the ways
and means committee to proceed at
once to the drafting of bonus meas
that when reported to the house the
measure is to be the continuing busi-
ness until passed.
House leaders said no effort would
be made at the caucus to instruct the
ways and means committee as to how
it should provide the raising of neces-
sary revenue. That question will be
determined, it was said, by COM
mittee.
Have Taxation Data
Data on possible new methods of
taxation to raise funds for a bonus
has been prepared by the treasury de-
partment, it was said for the informa-
tion of congress. Treasury officials
said, however, that the department
would await requests for such infor-
nation before transmitting it to con-
gress. 1t also was said that the treas
ury's position on the advisabiity of
bonus for veterans of the world war
was unchanged. enactment of compen-
pensation legislation under existing
conditions being viewed with disfayor.
In the event a bonus bill is en-
acted, treasury officials said. some tax
would have to be provided. Use Of
the allied debt as basis for bonus
financing was said to be regarded as
impractical.
Expense Too Great
In the opinion of the treasury. Off
cials said. it would cost more to raise
the money for soldier bonus from
the sale of bonds based on the debts
of the allied nations than it would to
float the countrys own obligations.
Data compiled by the treasury was
to cover various fields of
possible taxation. without. however.
sales tax as practical
solution of the problem.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
New Irish Ministers
Occupying Offices in
Dublin's s City Hall

Dublin, Jan. 23.--(By The Associ-
ated Press 1.-The new Irish minis
ters now are installed in office in the
city hall. They are there in the ca
pacity of provisional government, but
Mansion House continues headquarters
of the Irish republic" Arthur Grit
fifth, president OF the Dali Eireann, has
his office there. Armed sentries of
the Irish republican army were on
duty outside the city hall when mem
bers of the provisional government en-
tered officially to occupy the premises
Michael Collins, head of the provisional
government, was one of the first to
arrive.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
HEIRS IN BATTLE
OVER M|LL|ONSLEF
To THEM BY FATHER
Daughters of Late ]. S. Brown,
Denver, Accuse Their Broth
ers of Defrauding Them.

Denver. Colo. Jan. 23-Suit iavolv-
ing $1.5O0.0O0 and charging misman-
agement of the estate of the late John
Sidney Brown. founder of the J. S.
Brown & Brothers Mercantile com
pany, was filed in the district court
here Monday by Alice Brown Martin.
of Seattle, and Irene Brown Black.
daughters of the deceised business
man.
The defendants are ]. Sidney Brown.
Frederick Sidney Brown, William
Knight Brown, and Carroll Teller
Brown sons of the deceased, Franklin
T. Meter. now president of the com
pany, and others.
The defendants are charged with
"usurping control of the estate of the
late John Sidney Brown. and with
managing it with utter disregard Of
the rights of the two plaintiff sisters
and to their own personal benefit"
The alleged plans of the defendants
are referred to in the complaint as
"collusive, corrupt and fraudulent" In
stead of the sisters receiving one
ninth Of the estate, "as provided in the
will" the complaint says. 1.-THE manage
ment of the state has been so manipu-
lated that their share is only two
ty-thirds of the estate
The plaintiffs charge Frederick
Sidney Brown and Carroll Brown with
drawing outrageous salaries from the
estate" and with spending most of
their time on golf and other amuse-
ments and pleasures
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
JACK FROST STACKS
GRIP ON CALIFORNIA.
BUT CHANGE SLIGHT
Bureau Of Markets Estimates
Half of Orange Crop Has
Been Ruined.

| San Francisco. Jan. 23.-California
generally had little warmer weather
Monday. Residents generally expressed
relief at even slight recession on
the part Of Jack Frost and the citrus
growers. while welcoming the warmth,
were elated that the mercury was
rising only gradually.
On whether the thermometer hurries
back to normal or returns slowly de-
pends the extent of their crop losses
due to the days of frost recently.
Oranges and lemons in southern Cali
fornia were reported Monday night as
still being frozen and even some of the
trees were showing effects of the cold
weather. Until the fruit is thawed it
is impossible to determine it's exact
condition.
The state bureau Of markets, how
ever, estimated that the damage would
be sufficient to prevent marketing Of
between 40 and so per cent of the
southern California orange crop.
Meanwhile. shipments Of oranges to
the east have been held up. a state
law prohibits the shipment Of frozen
fruit.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
MAY TRUMPER RAPS
||VATTENT|0N GIVEN
TEACHER TRAINING
Declares U. S. More Negligent
About School Instructors
Than Any Other Nation.

Missoula. Jan. 23.-"The United
States is paying less attention to the
training of school teachers than any
other civilized nation," declared Miss
May Trumper, state superintendent Of
public instruction. in an address Mon
day before the convention of the coun-
ty superintendent of Montana, in ses-
sion at the state university
As nation, we are conspicuous for
our unframed teachers" she continued.
"One-fourth of the 100000 employed
in this country are under Fl years Of
age, 10000 have no instruction above
the eighth grade. and 10000 have less
than two years high school training.
Only fifth of the 100000 have
training above that offered by the high
school,"
These figures were given to empha-
size plea for higher standards of
education in the country and especially
in Montana. Her subject was "Train-
ing. Tenure, Placing and Salary Of
"a sabcrS -
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24

The first days consideration of the
measure saw only the completion of
the opening statement by Senator Nc
Cumber as chairman of the finance
committee, who was subjected to a
rapid cross fire from the minority.
Discussion included use of proceeds
from the refunded bonds to pay the
soldier bonus, the ability of the debtor
nations to begin paying their interest
and the plans of the administration on
the sale Of some of the refunded obli-
cations in the United States Plead
ing for broad authority for the COM
mission in conducting the refunding
negotiations, Senator McCumber said
he could conceive of a situation where
it might be possible to agree with
debtor nation to fix the interest rate
on the bonds high enough to cover dur
ing the life OF the bonds the accumulat-
ed interest.
Such plan was opposed BY Senators
Simmons and Lenroot, republicans.
Senator McCumber gave it as his
opinion that none of the proceeds from
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
BUTTE BOMB MADE
FOR CROWD HURL|NC
IS POLICE THEORY
Dynamite Packed in Can of
Iron Slugs and Bolts Found
in Owsley Building.

Butte. Jan. 23.-Police investigation
Of the finding of bomb by tenants
of the Owsley building, where it had
been placed on landing between the
second and third floors between Satur-
day night and Sunday morning, has
failed to throw any light on the reason
for the seeming attempt to dynamite
the building the largest in Butte.
The bomb was rather crude affair.
being made by placing four sticks of
dynamite in coffee can and packing
the powder in iron slugs and bolts,
A short fuse protruded from hole
in the can and it is probable that the
burning out of the fuse before the
flame reached the percussion cap pre-
vented the explosion.
The powder would not have had suf-
ficient strength to damage the build
ing badly, according to the police, and
the nature of the bomb prompts the
theory that the intention of the maker
may have been to use it in crowd
elsewhere and not to attempt to wreck
the building.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
FINGER PRINT MAN
IDENTIFIES MARKS
ON ARBUCKLE DOOR
Admits Digital Impressions
Could Be Forged Under
Some Circumstances.

San Francisco, Jan. 23.-Finger
prints, alleged to have been made on
the door of Roscoe (Fatty) Arbuckle' s
room in the Hotel st. Francis, could
have been forged under some circum-
Stances" e. O. Heinrich, finger print
expert, testified Monday in the second
trial of manslaughter charge against
Arbuckle in connection with Virginia
Rappe's death.
Il determined as best l could by
experiment that these particular finger
| prints were not forged. however,
| Heinrich said
The prosecution charges that the
! finger prints indicated that Miss Rappe
attempted to escape from the room on
the occasion that she was supposed to
have been fatally injured by Arbuckle
and that he forcibly detained her. Pre-
viously Heinrich who was on the stand
most of the day. had identified the fin
ger prints as those of Arbuckle and
Miss Rappe.
Jury Asks Night Sessions
Before he had concluded his testi-
mony the court produced communica
ton from the jury asking for night
sessions The court said that on ac-
count of the fact that the regular
court sessions are longer than usual
there would be no night sessions I'M
less counsel desired them. Neither
side made a statement on the matter.
Warden Woolard a reporter on the
Los Angeles Times, gave testimony
that caused the prosecution to read to
the jury all Of the testimony offered
by Arbuckle as witness in his own
behalf in the first trial. The reading
was based on the contention that Ar
buckle, according to Woolard. made
statements in Los Angeles contrary to
his testimony.
Woolard testified that he inter-
viewed Arbuckle in Los Angeles on
September 8. regarding dispatches
from The Associated Press and the
San Francisco Chronicle telling of Miss
Rappe's death in San Francisco on the
same day.
Denied Hurting Woman
"Arbuckle said that Miss Rappe was
taken i'll at a party he had given in
the Hotel st. Francis, but he did not
know of any injuries that could have
caused her DEATH" Woolard testified.
Later, according to Woolard. Ar
buckle either got in touch with the
chief Of police in San Francisco with
an offer to ''go up there and clear the
thing up or said he. was going to
having hurt Miss Rappe in any way,
but admitted that he pushed her down
on the bed to keep her quiet Woolard
said. The reading of Arbuckle's tes- |
timony was cut short by adjournment.
According to Woolard, Arbuckle said /
he ordered Mrs. Bambina Maude Del |
mont out of his rooms ON the occasion |
he is supposed to have injured Miss
Rappe, because she was too boisterous.
Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1921-current, 1922-01-24
JAPANESE AGREE
To GIVE UP SALT
MINES To CHINA
Shantung Properties to Be Re-
turned for Fair Price, Arms
Delegates Decide.

Washington. Jan 23.--(By The AS
sociated Pressl The Japanese and
Chinese delegations Monday reached
an agreement for return of the Shan
tung salt mines to China, virtually
completing the list Of collateral issues
involved and leaving only the question
of the Using Tao-Tsian- Flu railroad for
consideration in the conversations be-
tween the two delegations on the sub
ject of Shantung. Under the agree
ment reached Monday the Chinese ere
to purchase Japan's interest in the
salt fields at fair price. which to-
gether with the date Of Japanese re-
l;nquishment is to be determined later.