davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
Mills Girl Makes
Another Appeal

NEW BRUNSWICK. ~ T.. Oct
Charlotte Mills. ib-yesr.oid
daughter OF Mrs. James Mills. who
was found shot 10 death with her
pastor, the Rev. Edward w. Hall. 20.
day appealed to Ellis Parker, known
as New Jerseys best detective, to aid
In the mystery probe.
Tho girl. shortly after abe had
been taken to task by local author.
tiles for appealing 10 Gov. Edwards
for state aid. addressed n letter TO
Parker. the county detective OF Bur
iinEton county. and asked him to
solve the crime.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
l Killed, 2 Hurt
When Auto Plungcs

PORTLAND. Oct. s.---L. d
Jewell. rs. was instantly killed and
Fred and Arthur castro. brothers,
were injured early today, when the
castro car plunged from n curve
In the Willamette boulevard here
and hurtled over fofeot clieh
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
Woman Rages When
She Is Sentenced

County jail furniture may have
tough shedding for the next half year.
+. A. Myers and wifc were sen.
fenced 20 serve six months each.
Monday afternoon. on dope charges.
by Justice OF the Peace G. c. Dalton.
When Mrs Myers heard the words
that assured her board and keep in
the county bastlle, she grabbed a
handy chair and slammed II across
the floor.
But before further damage could
be done Deputy Sheriff BIZ Downey
took charge OF the iratc woman and
court proceeded.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
KILLERS ARE
SURROUNDED

STAPLES. Wis. oct. 1.-Two
highwaymen who shot and killed
Paul Montgomery here today were
believed surrounded by posse OF
$50 late today on small lake near
here.
Montgomery. 22. a Northern Pacific
guard. was shot when he attempted
10 capture the men.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
FIND BONES or
TROPICAL MONSTERS
Chaplin's Ex-Wife
Is Now Bankrupt

Los ANGELES. Oct. s.-Taxicah
concerns. florists. department stores
and many others are among the OF.
ficiaiiy listed mourners 10 the bank.
ruptcy petition OF Mildred Harris, .x.
wife Of Charley Chaplin. which IL on
file here today.
The petition declares that the act.
rsss owes 10000 and has no money
to meet the debts. The petition wns
forwarded from the United States dis.
trict court in Duluth. MINI. where
II was flied September %.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
Millions to Be Lost
i'm Baseball ssPOOls"
East, Especially, Is
Gambling. on the
World Series

NEW YORK, Oct. 3.--Sfillions
Of dollars win change hands In
the next week as the result OF
the worlds series. which opens
here tomorrow. And the mil
lions won't 70 TO the ball players
or their clubs.
Despite tho nationwide revulsion
against gambling on baseball. gnrnb-
lers Will reap a golden harvest from
the aerie. that will make the players
profits seem mere small change In
comparison.
The gambling will not be as In the
past. There will be few books
end there IL no fear that baseball
itself will be contaminated by the
gigantic scheme.
But the public will be bled.
The baseball pool is tho gamblers
weapon this year. Tickets are sold.
giving different figures on game or
games. The person holding tho mum.
Der which proves correct or most
nearly 80 wins prize. In other
words. just a straight lottery.
AND THE HOUSES CUT
RANGES FROM 20 TO 30 PER
CENT.
A hundred dollars worth OF tickets
sold--with $50 as the prize.
There's only one answer--no mat
ter how the game or the series comes
out. The gamblers win: the public
loses
NEW YORK SPENDS
MILLION A WEEK
Baseball pools In the major leagues
levy their greatest toll In New York.
Chicago and Philadelphia.
A million dollars a week is spent
In New York alone by upward Of
4oo, 900 players. according 70 csti-
mates by pool agents.
New York. has probably $4,000
pools, all except 100 or no being
small private pools in offices and fac
tories, and semi-privnte enterprises
operated In cigar stores. There nre
four big pools.
Chicago spends about 100000 n
week In some 30 professional pools.
During the last world series ticket
sales in these pools totalcd $3.50. 200.
police estimate.
philadelphia baseball gamblers
spend AT least $4,000 week. accord.
rurn " Page I. Column -
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
RACE RIOTS
IN ALABAMA

MONTGOMERY. Ala. Oct. a.
Montgomery was placed under milf
,ary guard today az a result OF
race rioting. Three companies OF
the Alabama National Guard poiiced
the city.
shot wound. one white man and
dozens OF negroes wounded when
mob attempted 20 storm the
county jail here and take posses
sion OF Joe Tcrrili. negro.
Terrsll was charged with having
slain George Wilson and wounded
Joe Partin. game wardens.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
ALASKA ONCE a
TR0PIc JUNGLE.
MINERS PROVE
Excavations Made by Seattle Outfit
This Summer Unearth Mastodon
Remains at 60-Foot Depth

great expanse OF white sand cleaning and burning
under the merciless of tropical SUM- Towering palm
trees here and there with maybe whskered monkeys
ing cocoanus from their branches The vast
dome blue as sapphire. and beautiful. mercilessy
beautiful.
This is the weird picture that painted in Seattle today
by f. j. Mathews vice president of the Chamber Of Com
who recently returned from visit to the properties
Of the Keewalik Mining Co.. of which he is president
These properties lie than 100 miles the north of
Nome.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03

Howdy. foikx Have you been
essghs cut In that shower Of gold
yssf
with the help OF The Star ana the
Seattle National hank we can AL get
INTO the coupon clipping elAss-
Let N be thankful. fellow citizens.
Nat the Near Fast Is no nearers
THIS WAY OFT
With she world series starting
this week. win the Turks please
evscuste psse II
Lifs1s drops o. sr1tsr.
Little drops Of ~cors.-
Make the preachers daughter
Thisk shcs September worn-
Proofrsader. rs you a procfrsad-
". or 10 you ain'tr
HOLD TER. rREss AGENT.
~Short skirts are 80 ugly. Your
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
Boatmen Arrested
for Aiding Rebels

NOGALES. Ariz.. Oct. s.--Chicf
Pilot Salvador Lama and Helms
man Humberto Martinez Of the
steamer Mexico are under arrest At
Mazatlan In connection with alleged
smuggling OF munitions to the rebel
forces of Gen. Juan Carrisco. ac-
cordlng TO word received here.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
AMERICA NOT
TO Be DRAWN
into TURMOIL
Hughes Answers
Protest C a bic
From Bishop in
Near East

WASHINGTON, Oct. 3.-The
United States government has
expressed the sentiment Of the
American people regarding the
Near East situation. and will
continue 10 express u by appro-
pirate action, but will not b.
drawn into = Near Eat war.
This is the clearly defined position
of this government. as set forth by
Secretary OF State Hughes In an ex-
change OF csbiegrnms with Bishop
James Cannon. who. on reaching
Paris from constantinopie. cabied
the state department urging that the
United States use force II need be 70
prevent the killing Of Near East
Christians.
Secretary Hughes reply TO Bishop
Cannon contained a clear notice that
this government win refuse 10 10
embroiied in European quarrel. but
VIII at tho same time perform ~
Humanitarian duty. az always.
Bishop Cannon. In his cab1e. 4
declared he believed almighty
God win hold tho United States n
responsible for inaction wi1iDeI
thousands were murdered -
deported and for falling . ~
tect them against Ne lGllnro
heartIess and brutal H1u1 ~
announcement that al refuGeor
not evacuated by Saturday, q
tember 30, would be depGE17
which deportation means
ands moro win be addel
dead
The bishop aid he ~ 61
quoted In r~eard to IN 1o111or
mont -which .paSa the in1yt - Z ~
he expectsd armed intsrvention ~
tho United states. He did not e.
pect such action. bishop Cannes
said.
In reply 10 the bishops criticiGn.
Secretary Hughes last night sent thtn
cablegram:
In the present situation. which
has resulted from the clash OF arrnn.
the defeat OF the Greek forces, tl1o
Incidents OF the retreat and tho ~
prisais effected. not only have ~
done all that Is possible for relief and
in aid Of the refugees. but We have
exefted IN appropriate manner our
influence against all acts Of cruelty
and oppression.
"On September 3. before the
burning Of Smyrna. the Amer
lean high commission 1t Con
stantinople voiced this counfry's
feeling In earnestly impressIng
upon the Turkish nationalist
authorities the Importance Of
taking the most energetic steps
to insure the population Of the
occupied territories against ~
prissIs.
instructions have been sent to
continue and urge these represents
tions and 10 emphasize the import
ance OF immediate peaceful settle
ment in the interest OF humanity.
You win also recall that In June
we agreed to join in an inquiry
which we hoped would place respou-
sihility and prevent the recurrence Of
atrocities.
"Keeniy alive to every huinani.
tartan interest involved. this govern
ment has not failed In any way 70
make the sentiment OF the American
people understood and to take every
appropriate action.
'As you are aware. the executive
has no authority to go beyond this.
Turn TO Last Page. Column u
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
YOU Get
DOLLAR
FOR SOC
You've heard 1t said:

~ ~ ssR-%t - - 1t&s&
THAT rain was worth a
millionl"
Wednesday Seattle will
grasp the full significance Of
such an expression. for The
Stars Shower OF Gold actual
ly will pour dollars into the
pockets of all who will
stretch forth their hands.
The Shower will begin promptly
at 10 O'clock wednesday when the
doorh OF the Seattle National bank
swing wide st Second ave. and Co
lumbla Ut.
That IL the tune when. n
you present tho accompanying
coupon properly filled In. you
will be given so centsl
ARMY or CLERKS
WILL BE WAITING
Tho Star wants its readers TO
become independent: The Star
knows that ambition can be realized
by Systematic saving-even Of the
smallest amounts. II. therefore.
has made arrangements 70 that any
person clipping the coupon on this
page and presenting II at the se-
a,tis National bank wednesday
morning or any time thereafter
for 10 days. will be credited with
80 cents actual cash. BE there
early. Get yours. Plenty OF clerks
win be provided TO accommodate
you.
Any and all may avail them
selves OF the opportunity this plan
affords, 10 throw aside careless
habits. extravaEnnt and wasteful
practices and start now toward a
goal Of Independence and happi.
ness.
Start . savings account for All
tho children. IL you have no chill.
drcn. start some bright boy or girl
on tho rood 10 thrift by opening
an account for him or her. This
n . practical. husinessiike way OF
serving m IN actual benefactor TO
some Of your young friends. II
isn't the amount you start In their
account: it's the idea Of STARTING
THEM that counts. Wouldn't II
be pretty fine 20 have some OF tbs
big men OF Seattle 20 years from
now point 70 you as the one who
gave him his first lift on the high.
way OF succcss7
RULES ARE FEW
AND VERY SIMPLE
REMEMBER THIS: You turn in
tho coupon and 30 cents cash
That starts you with a dollar hank
account and gives you Liberty
Bell savings hank. too. There are
only thrse rules governing this
offer:
One dollar Of each account
must remain on deposit for one
year.
II the second deposit II not
made within six months the 50.
cent coupon will be deducted
when the account IL closed. nc
which time the Liberty BsA
savings bank must be returned.
Only ono account may be
opened BY an Individual. but
accounts may bc opened by
every member OF . family n
desired.
Cut out the coupon now! co
to the Seattle National bank. Sec
ond ave and Columbia St. wednes-
day and start saving money. either
for yourself or your youngster. or
both.
It'ii be tho best thing you have
ever done.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03

pretty. Short skirts ! abhor---fo'a
kesri.
Perhaps one reason why they are
trying 10 keep Turkey out Of Europe
Il because the Turks were the orfsi-
nal 'sDrys."
GOING, GOING, GONE
This Il Fire Prevention week.
II comes too late. however. TO
save Nal Carl Reeves.
why don't we have Fire Water
Prevention week.
when Mayor Brown fired the
opening gun OF his campaign by de-
elarsrx hs would reduce taxes by
1900 .0oo--it was undoubtedly an air
gun.
Suggestion 10 sport eds.
Why not give Sikh some novel
nickname and call him Kayo SKI
or Cyclone Ski or battling Sikh
something peppy and orisinai'
A Paris dispatch says that Ski
eoesnt train for his fights. All, the
Tess willard systsn'
SNAP INTO 1T,
Tho army has issued new
order regarding salutes. They
= VIII be required only when they
cannot be avoided, according to
staff Officers.
That's the way they always
were given.
Long skirts cover a multitude Of
shIns.
This long skirt racket is just a
stall. II keeps the calves In.
THAT wheezs is rotten. Whoever
heard OF keeping calves In stair
Any slmp knows they lock 'em up In
the siIos--Ed.l
Our idea OF misfortune IL for a
cne-srrned man to be calling on twin
sisters.
Love Nellie Broscnf
Not on pour ifei
She picks her teeth
With the carving bsVef
CANDIDATE FOR THE POISON
IVY CLUB
siIverfopgued orator who de-
ljvsrs oratlon before iEistice court
In minor case.
The sliding decoiIette" gown In
the latest importation from Paris.
Gosh. II doesn't seem possible that
presenfday gown could slide either
W OF down
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
NTEANEST THIEF
AV1 SHOWS UP AGAIN

Seattie's 'meanest burglar" made
his appearance again Monday night.
breaking into the Millionair club. -
Main ST.. and robhing the cash regis.
ter OF 81. The donation box yielded
Z pennies.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03

n was while he was on this visit
that Mathews made the discovery
which led him 90 paint tho imagi
nauon-stretchinE picture Of an
equatorial scene In tho Arctic.
The story would tax the credulIty
OF leatherneck--and yc, II isn't
the tale itself that's strangoss.
The most amazing phase Of thu
situation s that scientists who
have devoted their lives 10 proving
that truth IA stranger than fiction
cosne to Mathews defense. They
say his story !. actually true
substantially 30. at any rate,
The Keewaiik Mining Co."
Mathews explains. Operates sn ny.
drauiic gold mine on Candle Creek.
a tributary 10 the Arctic ocean. at
tho northeast corner OF the Seward
peninsula. in Alaska
In tho course Of developing this
property last summer. We found II
necessary TO make long cut In the
earth---a cut s.oce feet long and Some
50 feet deep.
we found nothing surprising IT
first--iust tho usual layers Of earth
and Ice that one expects IN Arctic
mining.
~Hut when We reached a depth of
Is feet. We carne 70 beaver dam.
Now. aitho there are no beavers
In thu vicinity OF the mine. there
wouldn't have BEEN anything 90 VERY
unusual about this. but for one fact
that beaver dam was IS feet Be-
meath the surface.
We knew we had uncovered
beaver city older than any hu.
man city In the wo~id--older.
even. than mankind Itself. per-
haps.
because. % course. Il takes thou.
sands and thousands Of years for
siow-movlng Nature to build up as.
foot plateau.
But greater surprises were IN
store for US.
FIND BONES or
TROPICAL MONSTERS
"As we went deeper. We uncovered
fnastodon bonea-weii preserved re.
mains cf ths great-grsat. great great.
grandfathsrs of the elephant who
used 10 roam tho world In prehistoric
times. II was awe-lnsp.ring Just 10
Turn to Page !. Column ~
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03

~ o m 2 n are 80
lovely. 80 elegant
why should they
show 50 much Of
their Iegsg L<xs
are 70 ugly. An.
kIes are seldom
- lxs "A. 4
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
Here's What Star
Man Learned of
System Here
BY Hiram Hicophat

been on The Star goin' on two
weeks now. but nobody ain't seen my
name In tho paper before because
amt had no chance 20 write for the
paper yet--not TIL now.
Seems like it's right hard 20 write
for the paper.
Soon as graduated from the In.
terstate Correspondence School In
Journalism Learn 20 Be n North.
cilffe or a Dana by Maii--Ten Short
Lessons. come up TO The Star paper
an asked the editor for a job.
Meaning which," says he.
Then explained. sort. how had
learned to be a Northcllffe or Dana
didn't know which. but ono Of 'em
and wanted TO write for his paper.
'Ail right" gays he. 90 ahead an
write-an' wen pay you for what
gets In the paper--somethln'. any
way"
"But what shall ] write about7"
says l.
Aha" says he. "Northcliffe an
Dana never had 10 ask that"
"AiI right" snys I. knowing that II
must be all right.
so / been sittin' around the office
aver since. waiting for something TO
write about. But nothin' turned up
not til today. at any rate.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03
ia. A SCENT
ON TRAIL OF STORY

But lookin' AZ a story that come
over the telegraph wires this mornin'.
sec ms how the gamblers In New
York are expectln' TO clean up maybe
coupia million dollars n day on
world series pools this week an next.
"Aha," says ! 10 myself. We'll.
Senttlc'- the New York Of the Pa
ciflc coast--or maybe It's tother
way round--New York's tbc Sc.
nttle Of the Atlantic coast. Any
way, n the gamblers In New
York are goin' TO clean up two
milIion---wby. shucits. the gam
bIers oui .yreTl get nj least four.
I'll 70 out an get story about
H."
| knew what 70 do right away.
The /. c. & had said all Journalists
must maintain close liaison with
persons in all walks OF life, even
lrurn ~ Page I. Column Y
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1922-10-03

pre1ty. Short skirts ] abhof. -Fota
Negri-
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15

Madison-The citizenship ssatus Of
the foreign born white population OF
Wisconsin. by country OF birth. COM
piled from the returns of the four
teenth decennial census taken as OF
Jan. I, 1920. is shown in statistics just
issued by the census bureau. The
total population OF Wisconsin. 1882
067. included 460.12S foreign born
white persons, of whom 43i.591 were
q and over. or this number 14S,OS3
were born in Germany. 46.T0S in Po-
land. 44,06l in Norway and 22,23l IN
Sweden. OF the natives of Germany
65.9 per cent are naturalized; of Po-
land. as per cent; of Norway, $50
per cent, and of Sweden. 1913 per cent.
For the natives OF other foreign coun'
tries the corresponding percentage
ranged from 17.3 for persons born in
Greece to I'll for those born in Den
mark. OF the total white population
of Wisconsin 81 and over, ESQ per
cent are immigrants and 1874 per cent
are naturalized immigrants.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15
Observation-Disclosures

very slack this year and / am home part
% the time. / Do not ike % take any
chances. 50 I consulted my friends. and
one lady said. Take Lydia Pinkham's
medicine, so did. have felt better
rightzlong and am in gO0den0ughhealth
@ 20 20 work. recommend your Veg
etable Compound and Sanative Wash %
al. Mrs. NARY ESRICO. SO N. Car
penter St. Chicago. Illinois.
Often the mother Is obliged 20 support
her children and good health Is neces-
sary. Lydia r. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound Is Just the medicine you can
depend upon. IL Is a medicine for wO-
mems ailments and the relief i brought
Mrs. Enrico il may bring % you. Keep
vel BY taking Lydia z Pinkham's Veg
atahle Compound.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15
US. FARMERS TO TEACH RUSS
One Hundred and Fifty American and
Canadian TilIers Of Soil Going
to Russia.

New York. March 6.-when the
steamship Esthonia Of the Baltic
American line sailed from New York
for Libau. among its passengers was
group Of about 80 farmers. bound
for soviet Russia, where they are TO
receive grants Of good agricultural
land-S,OOO acres. they hnpe-on
which they win establish n model
farming community.
Sixty Of these farmers came from
the wheat regions Of British Columbia
and the others have been gathered bv
the Society for Technical Aid 10 Rus
STA from all parts OF the United
States.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15

Madison-The methods employed 70
trap beavers in some of the open coun'
ties in the north have aroused so
much complaint that the conservation
commission may exercise its authority
TO close the season and order the
trappers away from the streams and
ponds. These complaints have been
especially numerous in Ashland and
Superior. In their hurry to catch the
beaver some trappers are reported to
have destroyed beaver houses entire.
~. leaving the untrapped animals with
out shelter and exposed TO the rigors
Of winter. II is reported that some
beaser houses have been blown up
with dynamite.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15
ALL AROUND |
WISCONSIN |
.U7QC1O10Gl

Manitowoc-Plans for making the
west shore OF Lake Michigan famous
summer resort region like parts OF the
east shore. were disclosed az Mani
towoc By ]. g. Martin. manager OF the
Cooperative Cherry Orchards OF Door
county. Business men OF Sturgeon
Bay are already working on plans for
obtaining a large tract OF land in the
vicinity OF the Sturgeon Bay canal,
fronting on Lake Michigan. on which
Il is proposed TO build a club house
lay out a fine golf course, and erect
many small cottages. The project II
successful. he said. would make that
section OF Wisconsin a haven for tour
lists as Michigan now is.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15

Two old gobs had been az odds ever
since the day ~ their enlistment.
They were due for discharge within
q few days when one ~ them was
taken seriously IN and the doctors
broke the news 60 him that be had
small chance o. live. He summoned
his oid-time enemy L. his bedside.
Mae be said plaintively. they
tells me I'm goin' 10 kick over. II
do. viii yer fersit our fights and
sort ~ Jet hygones BE- bygoDesT'
"ThatIl ~ Alright" said Mac. In
great emblrru ssmput
-And. Mnc"-here the old gob's
voice grew strongly I ever get
Weil and ye remind me ever said
that TIl knock that Tat wooden block
OF yer shoulders"
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15

serious trouble. 4
had tried doctors and
al saidthe samoan
operation At first 1
only felt the pain on
my left side butlster
i seemed 20 feel il on
both sides. / am a
power sewing-ma-
chine operator and
have a little girl 10
support. l work in a
tailor shop and that
lineof work has been
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15

Ia Crosse-The all-day sucker has
passed out OF style among the pupils
in Ia Crosse county rural schools and
in its place the children are drinking
milk through a straw. Recess time
in many OF the country schools.
survey shows. is the signal for the
appearance Of a bottle OF milk and
straw on the desk OF every pupil
There is a pint OF pure. rich milk in
every bottle and each pupil drains his
or her receptacle before going out TO
play. As a result OF the milk luncheon
becoming popular. children in the ru-
raj schools are showing a great I'M
provement in health and in their
studies.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1922-03-15

Hurley-Peter Radakovitch. saloon
keeper. charged with the murder OF
Claudio Bailey. woods foreman and
jobber. in a saloon at Epson. last
March. was found not guilty by jury
in Circuit court at Hurley. Radako-
witch. al the preliminary hearing.
claimed self-defense. and was given
his freedom. The American Legion
post. Iron River. Wis, appealed TO
Gov. Blaine. maintaining the Hurley
court was not justified in freeing Rad
akoyitch. and the governor ordered a
second hearing. which resulted in the
murder trial.