The New York herald., 1922-11-08
Allies in Accord on Turkey.

Allies IN Accord on turkey.
The Kemalists have undoubtedly
discovered that they have misinter-
preted the temper of Europe. Oppor-
tunists, as Turkish politicians always
are, they calculated upon division
of the Powers which would per-
nit them to carry out their own
schemes of recovering Constantine
| pie and the Turkish straits with
out the delay Of peace conference.
Instead they find unity of action
between France and Great Britain,
an accord which will oppose KEMAL's
attempt to scrap the Mudania truce
and enter the Turkish capital in tri-
umph by driving out the Allied High
Commission.
KEMAL and his advisers appar-
emily timed their maneuver well.
Italy had come under the new Musso-
lini Government and was deeply con-
cerned in its own internal affairs,
with no foreign policy as yet clearly
defined. Great Britain was In the
throes of an intense general election
contest which had been largely pre-
cipitated by the Near East con-
troversy, and the whole question re-
quired the utmost resources of skill
and diplomacy in its handling. At
the same time the Kemalists adroitly
injected into the situation the action
of their Assembly at Angora, by
which they did away with the Sui
tanate and made the Caliphate an
elective Office. They thus came to the
straits in the name Of new State
with all past agreements and treaties,
by their own representatives, entirely
wiped out.
1t was on the face of things good
gamble. But they put too much trust
in one part of BoNAR LAWS state
ment of policy and overlooked en-
tirely another part. While he de-
clared that he did not favor Great
Britain alone policing the world
and standing out solitarily against the
return of the Turk to Europe, he be-
lieved firmly with LLOYD GEORGE that
to have permitted the Turkish army
after the capture Of Smyrna to enter
Constantinople would have been re-
garded throughout Islam as a defeat
of the British Empire and would have
involved the risk of outbreaks in In
dia, massacres in Thrace and the re-
newal OF war in the Balkans. There
was nothing in this to indicate that
BoNAB LAW would stand any non
more he will not; Lord CURzoN is still
In the Cabinet and KEMAL should re-
member that II is his policies which
he is challenging.
Again, the situation In France, so
far as Turkey stands, is changed.
KEMAL himself Is largely responsible
for this change. France has lost
much of its admiration for the Ma
tionalist leader. and Premier Porn.
CARE has come In for considerable un-
favorable comment on his early at
tempt to align the nation with Turkey.
KEMAL's contempt of allied counsel,
HIS insistence upon occupation Of
controverted territory and HIS disre-
gard OF agreements and treaties gave
the French a mistrust OF him. They
doubted IL he would live up to the
promises which their representative.
FRANKLIN S-BoUILLoN, received at An.
CORA. AS a result. the French stood
with the British at the Mudania con-
ference. France Joined In the in
structions to the High Commission
ers at Constantinople to oppose. by
force ~ necessary. any attempt OF
the Turks to violate the Mudania
agreement and it has sent French
warship 10 the Dardanelles.
This new challenge brings In it's
train all the perils which the Turk
calls to his aid in dealing with Eu-
rope. He threatens the position of
the British in Mesopotamia in retail
alton for British opposition at the
straits and he questions the right of
the European in Asia Minor. He de-
mands the expulsion of Greeks from
Constantinople and it's vicinity and
he speaks OF the danger to the Brit
ish and TO other foreigners in Con-
stantinople not so much. as he ex-
pressed IL, from the Kemalist troops
as from the fansticism Of the Mos
lem inhabitants. There are more
than 100000 non-Moslems in Con-
stantinople. and their fate in the
event of KEMAL's entrance into the