davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1922-12-03

marvellous equipment this with the twin motor"
locomotive that pull twenty easily
other locomotives pull half that many. And the
amazing thing is that Lionel outfit with twin
tor locomotive costs than outfits of like size
with single locomotives of other makes (There
types of Lionel single motor locomotives in
addition to the Twin Motor.O
You Dad will be right with you on Christmas
morning. and he'll have much fun you do. He'll
agree with you that only Lionel trains are good
enough for you. because he'll understand the supe.
riority of Lionel onepece all-steel and locono
tive body construction (no slots and tags break
pull out) and the hand-enameed and baked finish.
Lionel train outfits and accessories have been
standard of the World" for u years, the unques.
toned leaders in mechanical and electrical perfection.
They can be from any electric light socket with
a Lionel "Multivolt" Transformer-or from dry or
storage batteries.
Demand Lionel Trains at your dealers-be sure
Of satisfaction There's Lionel outfit to fit every
purse.
Send four for the handsome Lionel %Opsge
catalog printed in four coIors. showing complete
line of outfits and accessories
The Lionel Corporation
50K East 2Ist Street New York City
The Washington times., 1922-12-03
All Aboard!

Just look at this wonderful Lionel
Limited-with its Twin Motor" loco
motive! Think of the glorious fun of
owning Lionel Outfit-of being your
own engineer, conductor, train dis
patcher, on a real railroad with such
The Washington times., 1922-12-03

4 Gsrtsnt-rs Hardware
Store.
wm. Ginsberf.
Paul l.sipwits.
Mutual Gas 4 Hec.
fixture Co.
Northern Osa 4 Eec
| Fixture Co.
RAIk y. Simon A co.
fremont Hsrdwsfe Co,
wsrtheimNs Dcpt
| hariss N. Y. c.)
N. 4 =, Bsrsky.
u ~ Biumstsin. Inc.
Cbcls nc Supply Co
Oo~p-rthvalt = sons.
! Ianes Gear.
The Washington times., 1922-12-03

itern Bros.
TERMINAL Cycle =
fpWtins Goods 90.
nerminai Toy Shops.
| Union News Co.
iohn Wanamaker.
lohn Z. whitshesd 4
Son.
rhe winchsster Store,
Wolf Sporting Goods 90
Nassau Sport Shop.
lsc.
nrsss ~. Y. c.
loseph Abramson.
Herb~st Asofsn.
Brons bee suppb Co.
Federsi ushtEs Fu,
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
HOW TO CLEAN FANCY SILKS
Wash in LukeWarm Water With Good Soap and Instead of Rubbing
 Scrub With Brush.

The best way to clean pongee, tus- sah and novelty silks is to wash them In lukewarm water with good soap.
 Instead of rubbing between the hands or on board, material of this sort should be scrubbed with brush and it will need rinsing i'll at least three waters.
 The greatest danger in handling ma terial of this kind is in using water which is too hot, for very hot water causes heat wrinkles which will not disappear even under the iron.
 Oil Stains.-Stains made by machine oil or any of the ordinary oils can be removed with carbon tetrachloride.
 Oil Paints.-A mixture of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform in equal parts will remove oil paint marks.
 Nickel.-Stains and marks on nickel can be removed by rubbing them with ;t paste made of whiting and ann monia.
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
MIlDEW ON LEATHER GOODS
While Not Seriously lnjurino Serv- iceabilty of Articles It May
 Mar Appearance.

Any leather article is almost certain to mildew If kept in warm, damp, dark place, such as closet, cellar, or stable. This mildew probably will not seriously reduce the serviceabilty of the leather, unless allowed to remain oil it too long. IL may, however, change the color appreciably, thus injuring the appearance.
 The simplest way to prevent mildew- Ing. says the United States Depart. ment of Agriculture. is to keep the leather in a well-ventilated, dry, we'll lighted place, preferably one exposed to the sunlight. Mildew cannot make much headway In the sunshine. When miidew develops, it should be washed of with soap and warm water, or simply wiped off with moist cloth, drying the leather well afterwards. These simple measures are better than tLs Use Of lrelar@...els 10 prevent .sc growth of mildev.
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
JUST KEPT GROWING

The origins of these anticipated, cum bersome, costly, inefficient pieces of the national machinery that we call the executive departments show how any establishment if we'll watefed with government money will expand and hold together, no matter how conflicts tug and incongruous its functions. Hardly one of these great business es- tablishments-for that is what they are-was planned AS they are today they just happened.
 Take the Department of Agriculture, fer example, one of the greatest and most complex and widespreading of all the departments. It is in closer touch and more directly affects the greatest number of people in the United States than any other branch of the govern lnent with the possible exception of the post office. It began in 1889 with an appropriation of $l,000, taken from the patent funds for the distrbu- tion of free seeds and the collection of agricultural statistics by the patent office, then bureau i'll the State de- partment Now look at the darned thing. It Is all over the place.
 The title of the department indicates it's most important field of activities. but It's functions have been extended to in- clude the whole range of rural indus try and some branches of administra- tion only very Indirectly related to agricultural interests. For about 60 years subsequent to the Revolution the general interests of agriculture were left almost entirely to individual initia- tive Federal activity was confined to relatively narrow limits and was mere ly sporadic Soon after the national government was organized some at tempts were made to establish board of agriculture but neither the first proposal in 1196 nor q second effort in ]Sl7 was successful.
 shortly after the Revolution, follow ing the example of Benjamin Frank lin while in England, as agent of the colony of Pennsylvania during the years 1764 to 1775, American consuls and naval officers began the practice of sending home foreign seeds and cut tings for new crops, and of aiding in the introduction into the United States of new breeds of domestic animals Even such small governmental partici- patton was in the beginning, rather extra official.
 In 1886 the commissioner of pat | ents, one II. l.. Ellsworth, began the distribution of considerable quantities of seeds and plants received from gov ernment representatives in foreign countries; and three years later
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09

The Department of Agriculture is one instance of how governmental es- tablishments grow and spread and ex- tend their activities, once they get started. The bureau of fisheries, in the Department of Commerce, is an- other It had modest beginning, and not so very long ago Prior to 1871 there was no branch of the federal government especially charged with the consideration of fishery affairs.
 Several of the states had established fish commissions and these state au- thorities. supported by private inter- ests, began to agitate for a national bureau devoted to fishery interests.
 So 1t came about that by 1871 con- gress was ready to yield and begin to make appropriations. The first one was for 5000 and provided for a commissioner of fish and fisheries to prosecute Investigations and inquiries with the view of ascertaining wheth- CT any and what diminution in the number of food fishes of the coast and in the lakes of the United States has taken place; and also whether any and what protective, prohibitory or precautionary measures should be adopted in the premises; and shall re- port upon the same to congress"
 The commissioner was to draw no pay, for it was provided by congress in the same joint resolution that he should be civil officer of the govern ment, of proved scientific and prac- tical acquaintance with the fishes of the coast, who should serve without additional compensation. The then as sistant secretary of the Smithsonian in- stitutioD, by name Spencer Fullerton Baird, was chosen as the best man for the job, and so he proved to be He industrious and competent and knew how 10 get along with congress- He was diligent and he stood before kings. See what happened.
 Remember, he started out with $5, 1000 to discover whether there had food fishes along the coasts or in the lakes. He WAS at the head of an ln- dependent investigation and reported directly to congress. The thing was kept alive by annual appropriations as an independent institution until 1903. when ii was Incorporated into the newly formed Department of Com merce and Labor as the bureau of fisheries.
 By 1909 tine annual appropriation had grown 10 SS03.920. and the bureau had d permanent personnel of 325. At that time .he land owned aud accepted by the bureau at Its Ash cultural and
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
HAPHAZARD EXTENSION

biological stations had an aggregate area of over l2,00O acres, with a value of S240000. The Improvements and equipment at these stations repre- sented an investment of more than S1 100000. Other property of the bu- reau at that time included four sea going steam and sail vessels, 20 steam launches and 150 small sail, power and rowboats, which with equipment had value of $300,000 Its six fish-trans- portation cars were valued at $i5, GOO Indeed, the total investment of the government in fishery service property ran to about $l,5S5,000 That was back in 1909
 > Well, it hasn't stopped growing bigger and busier than ever, as the ad- vertisements say The appropriation by congress for the fiscal year 1919 was $1, 1,1S3, 40, and for 1921, l,207, ,110 Besides what congress gave, the Pres ident allotted in 1918 and 1919, out of his private fund flor the national se- curity and defense" $160,Q00. With the years of it's growth and increasing funds the bureau had taken on many new functions and activities.
 Until recently the bureau was ad- ministering to the best of its ability the laws relating to the terrestrial and arboreal fur bearers of Alaska, but the duty was incongruoas to its legiti. mate functions. Congress finally con- ceded that the pursuit of foxes does not constitute fishery. The cultiya- ton of minks cannot be successfully conducted in fish hatchery.
 Apparently, as so many other estab- lishments under the executive branch have, the fisheries service had become all cluttered up with duties and jobs 1t Is not fitted or equipped to handle.
 All of which is long, long way from an investigation of the possible diminution of food fish along the coast.
 don't pretend to say of the fisheries bureau that 1t has performed ineffi- ciently either it's proper work or the added activities that have been im- posed upon il. For all I know 1t may be and is great national bless Ing. and managed with maximum skill, intelligence and req. economy. l hope 1t is.
 l cite it here only us an example of a branch of governmental activity that has grown up haphazard from small beginning to be great, costly, far spreading enterprise that by its own confession is oyerlaid with duties, functions and activities unrelated to Its legitimate and essential business ihe care. propagation and study of al, manner of food nSh.
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
Copyright, Western Newspaper Union

through his influence an appropriation of $1,e00 was made for the purpose of procuring and distributing seeds of new plants, carrying agricultural in- vestigations and collecting agricultural statistics. This was the historic be- ginning of the much talked-about free seed distribution.
 By an act of congress in May. 1862, since generally called the organic act, the activities of the government affect ing agriculture were placed under a separate and distinct organization known as the Department of Agrieul- ture, in charge of commissioner of ever, with the other executive depart. ments. and the commissioner was not entitled to seat in the Presidents cabinet Isaac Newton. chief of the agricultural section In the patent office, was appointed the first commissioner of agriculture Other officers provided by the organic act included statiS tician, a chemist, an entomologist and superintendent of the propagating garden and experimental farm.
 The chrysalis was now ready to be broken. In 1889 the Department of Az riculture was elevated to the rank of the other executive departments and It's commissioner was made secretary of agriculture with seat in the Presi- dents cabinet. This was in Grover Cleveland's administration. In honor of it's new rank few more functions were taken on.
 But that's enough detail. It kept on growing Beginning with an appro- priation of S1.000 and two or three clerks, the department had, i'll 1910, employees to the number of 12,4S0, and an appropriation of S12,995,036. Five years later the appropriation had grown to S19,s65, s32 and the en- ployees to 16,223. The employees In May, 1920, numbered 1s,o9S and the appropriation given by congress for the fiscal year 1921 was S31 ,475, ,36S.
 The department has increased it's cost of living in S. years from mere Si itooo-tlial ls, Poo.oo iHoltit--to more than $31 100000 a year-S2 622, l 947.3S every month That shows as clearly and as sharply as it can be shown how the high cost of govern. ment living affects your own cost ot l living.
 We, you and I, paid out of our saw i ings and earnings every red cent oi that increase from S1,000 year to more than S31000,000 It may have been well spent. We probably got TUT for our money; but nobody knows, ex cept in a general way. We have a ] right 10 know. It is simply fatheaded. ness on our part not to find out.
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09

Ragged edges make otherwise good rugs look shabby and are not difficult te repair. Sometimes they can be bound or blanket stitched or overcast with stitches run into the rug at least a half inch or what Is much better looking, an excellent selyage similar to that on oriental rugs can be made. Lay one, two or three cords along the edge and with black or neutral-colored wool darn them to the rug with over and-under stitches set close together. Choose cords of such size that when covered with the wool durable, flat strip about the thickness of the rug Is formed and use hard-twisted wool or regular carpet wool if it can be obtained. If the edge is very ragged re-enforce it first with braid on the underside so as to give firm mate rial Into which to weave.
 Rag and lightweight cotton rugs can be washed in the tub or the wash ing machine in lukewarm soapsuds like any other heavy colored material, but they must be rinsed thoroughly to pfGffHl tHslH HUH lOOhiHR Sfifn3. Spreading the wet rug on the grass and turning the hose on it or flashing pails of water over 1t is sometimes the easiest and best way of rinsing.
 Clean Small Section at a Time.
 Woolen rugs may also be cleaned at home successfully if there are good facilities for drying Spread the rug on q table or other flat surface or 1 convenient height and scrub with l heavy lather of mild soap, using q l soft brush or Il sponge As soon & q section is scrubbed clean rinse It with water, change as soon as 1t be- 1 comes discolored. This is a very thor ough method of cleaning, but must be used with caution OH rugs that are likely to shrink or change color, or which have thick pile. If moisture | remains at the bottom of the pile for any length of time the threads may be routed. In the case of valuable rugs, 1t is safer to send them to a professional cleaner who has special apparatus for washing and drying them.
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
4ll Arolmd
 M House

Serve hot cooked turnips cubed in lemon butter sauce.
 Cook all custards over hot water. Never let the water boil.
 Rings of ripe olives are decorative and tasty in chicken soup.
 A slice or two of lemon cooked with prunes improves their flavor.
 Stuffed leg of pork is good served with cooked cabbage and carrots.
 One cup of unsifted flour makes al- most cup and q half of sifted four.
 An old chlffonier can be painted white and be useful in the kitchen.
 Meringues should be cooked in very slow oven and watched carefully. Cream which is to be whipped should be very cold and at least 36 hours old.
 Different sized oblong granite pans gre Eice to g-c z, .-e...,os fox "Ieft-oyers."
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
GOOD POINTS OF CUPBoARDS
Save Steps by Storing Utensils and Food Supplies Near Part of
 Room to Be Used.

Have you plenty of well-planned cupboard and shelf space for storing utensils and food supplies? Save steps by grouping similar things and plac- ing them near the part of the room where they will be used. For in- stance, suggests the United States De partment of Agriculture, keep mixing bowls and spoons and such dry mate riais as sugar and flour near each oth- CT if possible. Narrow shelves often economize space better than wide ones and are easier to clean and keep in order. Low cupboards are on the whole preferred to those reaching to the ceiling, and are not so likely to become catch
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
cUT THIS 0UT AND PASTE ON CARDBOARD TOR REFERENCE
Garden Bureau

the investment in seed is too great for taking chance with the weather, but with beetS, lettuce, and radishes a very small quantity of seed is required, and If they come through in good shape, the product will be ready for use much earlier than if the planting were de- layed. About 9 or 30 feet of row will give all the early beets required by an ordinary family. Radishes may be planted in the rows with early peas. However, it will be necessary to re move the radishes before they begin to crowd the peas. AS rule. radishes will be ready for use in three or four weeks after planting. or just about the time that the peas have begun to make q vigorous growth. Most gardeners make the mistake of planting too many radishes. or at least of planting too many at one time and not being able 10 use the product.
 The old-fashioned method of growing lettuce was to plant bed along one side or in one corner of the garden, and when the plants were large enough, to thin them, using the prod uct as needed and leaving the re- mainder to grow larger This method of growing lettuce is not so desirable as the plan of planting it in rows, where it can be more easily cultiyat- ed. Lettuce is very susceptible to heat, and it is difficult to grow it after the !. son it is best grown as spring and q fall crop. Two or three plantings at intervals of 10 days or weeks in spring and planting or two in autumn should be sufficient for the needs of the ordinary family.
 Planting Second Group.
 The second group, including carrots, beets, parsnips, radishes, salsify, wrinkled peas, spinach, swiss chard and early sweet corn, may be planted shortly before the probable time for the last spring frost. The planting of these crops should be so timed that they will escape frost and yet be started just as early as possible. The same planting methods should be fol- lowed as for the extremely early crops.
 The third group of garden crops, or those that should not be planted until after danger of frost Is past, includes cucumbers, muskmelons, okra, snap beans, ceuifiower. and we'll har- dened tomato plants. The time of setting tomato plants, however, will de- pend on local conditions. If they are not crowding each other too much in the plant bed, 1t may pay to delay set ting them in the open ground until the air is thoroughly warmed. Little is gained by planting tender plants in the open ground too early.
 The fourth group of plants, com monly known as the heat-loving plants includes peppers, eggplant, Lima beans. sweet potatoes, and summer squash. These crops are easily in iured by cold nights and periods of rainy weather, and it is always best to delay planting them until safe period has been reached. It should be borne in mind that certain soils warm up slowly In spring, and that such plants as eggplant and peppers are susceptible 10 injury from cold soils.
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09

(Prepsred by the United States Department
 of Agricultural
 The deft, swift-moying fingers of the oriental rug mender can fill in holes and re-enforce worn places so skillfully that they can scarcely be detected Such repair work Is eXpen- siye, however and almost any person who has the time can do It at home with little or no outlay for materials. Housekeepers have repaired oriental rugs of intricate design as well as ma chine.made Brussels and Wilton. a How to Mend Rugs at Home.
 Several methods of home mending of rugs and carpets have been tested in the United States Department of Agriculture, which gives the follow ing suggestions:
 Select woolS for mending 10 match those of the rug in color and texture, if possible. These may be rayeled from scraps of carpet, or bought from carpet dealers, or if necessary, heavy knitting yarns may be dyed to match. Carpet yarns are stiffer and more uuT1Dte illdl oFulIidES Wb0ls aiiu should be used if obtainable. A stout needle with large eye will, of course, be needed, and curved scis- sors are particularly convenient for clipping the threads when mending a rug or carpet with yelyety pile. Darn ingrain carpet with the over and-under stitch used in mendins stockings. and work in the design oi i this background.
 In pile rugs, such as Brussels, VII l trn and some kinds of oriental weayes replace the linen, jute. or cotton back 1 ing first and then work in the pils with colored yarns. Just how to make the pile stitch depends on the texture of the rug, but Il good method car quickly be developed by experiment ing. It is generally made by knottine the yarn around the warp in such [ way that 1t holds firmly and the ends stick up to form the velyety surface of the rug. These ends can be clipped off after each stitch is taken or they can all be sheared at once after the entire hole is filled.
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
Where Your Taxes Go How Uncle Sam Spends Your Money
 in Conducting Your Business
By EDWARD G.LOWRY

 to of on he Bus iness
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
RICH FERTILIZER

The ceanings from the poultry house are valuable as garden fer
 tilizer, and these should be saved in barrels or some other reeeptac cle where they can be kept reasonably dry
The Newark journal., 1922-03-09
VEGETABLES NEED ROOM

One serious mistake made by many gardeners is planting too great variety of vegetables in a small space, with consequent crowding and poor growth, says the United States Department of Agriculture. It is much better for the gardener whose space Is limited to plant comparatively few kinds of vegetables. not more than 10 or 12 out of pos sible 50 or GO.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1922-08-21

Chicago-The movies are setting
the artistic standard for the next gem
s~fatl0n--a standard whlchdsF' too low,
which supnresses and which does not
give q spiritual understanding to
Miss Harriet Monroe, editor of Poetry
and Champion f what she admits. Is
assomewhat revolutionary art.
America. in fact, is in danger Of
diving up spiNtuallX-a condition
having no relation whatever to proht-
Bafion, Miss Monroe says America 8
SaettNis too cut and dried; there 10 no
Ste99eHIm for Individual expression. It is
AMstailor-made, like a suit Of. clothes,
sshk believes, s,ys IA
sassThe country is becomingStoo much
4saMdardised In everything =: said Miss
ssM6Itroe n What we needSlis5 room for
t~heicreattve genius of people tofget to
ssWork:% Everything is made TO order
f0r$sthem now. X,
sssof course, people in large cities
having anuopportunity to e a va
rfety OF art but those An the small
t9Mns-why, they are left utterly
without anything except the movies.
the movies are all made after
the same pattern; they conform to a
certain formula and they are not con-
Atributine what they should to. build
instrumentation and love for; art"
aIEvery.:srnall town. Miss Monroe
Eadded. should have its own miniaturS
art gallery, an experimental theater
SMhere budding dramatists can try out
their ideas in play writing and where
asplring amateurs can develop their
thezpian talents. With other
branches of art gradually added, Chi.
Cages poetry champion believes sthat
rural az well as metropolitan centers
car Sproduce acceptable contributions
to%the world of art and letters. n,