The New York herald., 1922-10-13
PROMISE TO RETIRE
British, French and italian
Troops to Occupy Thrace
Next Week.
FOR EARLY PEACE FARLEY
Allies Oppose Smyrna or Con-
stantinople for Place
of Meeting.


CoNsTANrINoPLE, Oct. IL ASSOCIATED
Press) -Four thousand Turks crossed
the newly defined boundary at Airan,
north of Darijeh. on the Ismid penin-
sula. this morning and advanced some
miles to Tepeeuran (Teperma?). Gen.
Harrington sent an airplane to warn
the offending commander against tres
passing on the neutral zone.
The British General also telegraphed
Ismet Pasha and Mustapha Kemal
Pasha calling attention to this breach
of the Mudania armistice convention.
A dispatch from Chanax says that
during the night Nationalist forces
advanced toward the British line.
When the British commander informed
the Turkish commander that this was
q violation of the armistice agreement
the latter said he had not yet received
official notification Of the armistice.
He indicated, however. that orders
would be given to his troops to retire
as soon as he received such notifica-
ton.
Plans for the allied detachments to
move into Thrace and occupy the terri
tory in conformity with the armistice
convention were completed. The force
will comprise three battalions Of British
troops. three of French and one of Ital-
ian, total of 5000 men. The detach-
ments will leave Constantinople early
next week.
An Athens dispatch states that Greece
will sign the Mudania armistice and
evacuate Thrace in accordance with it's
conditions.
Urges EARLY Conference.
Lieut.-Gen. Sir Charles Harrington will
press the allied Powers for an early
convening of the peace conference. 1t
Is expected that the deliberations will
require from two TO three months at
last. as they will concern the vital inter-
ests of all of Europe and will likely In
volve many matters entirey outside the
Near East.
The allied authorities here will oppose
the selection of Smyrna or Constanti-
nople for the conference. on account of
the atmosphere of hostility, intrigue.
racial and religious animosities, and
probably Will suggest Bern Zurich or
Geneva. Besides Great Britain, France.
Italy and Japan the gathering will re-
ceive the undivided attention of Ru-
mania. Jugo-Slavia, Bulgaria and. of
course. Russia.
Conflict Over CapituIations.
American interests will center in the
arrangements for continuation of COM
mercial agreements and the so-called
capitulations as well as protection of the
Christian minorities and the right of
religious and educational missionaries
to carry on their work. Perhaps the
most important will be that of capitula-
tions, which are treaties covering the
rights of foreigners In Turkey and pro-
viding for their government under the
laws of their own country instead of the
Turkish laws. and trial by~their own
consular courts instead of by Turkish
tribunals.
Our delegates will demand abolition
v,
the kemal representative, to-day. They
are humiliating and are opposed to the
best interests of our people. Foreigners
thereby occupy preferential position
and enjoy privileges denied to the Turks.
Why continue system that has ham
pered the legislation. justice and finance
of the country? Is not Turkey now
an independent nation with the full
rights of an independent nation?"
The American Government will oppose
this claim. The American Consul-Gen-
eral. Gabriel =. Ravndal, explained to-
day that the real reason for the capitu-,
lations is that the Turks have not yet
separated law and religion in their courts
and Government. and asserted that
Christian nations could not permit their
citizens to be ruled under laws based
largely on the religious doctrines and
rites of Mohammed
How. for example," he said, can
Americans domiciled in Turkey accept
the Turkish law on questions of per-
sonal status. such as marriage, divorce
and succession?
Moreover. in penal matters. our view.
which holds the accused innocent until
proved guilty. is fundamentally differ
ent from the Turkish view. which places
the burden of proof on the party sus-
pected. The real question at issue Is
not one OF taxes, foreign postoffices or
customs immunlties; the essential con-
sideration Is that foreigners cannot ac-
cept laws governed by religious doc
trines repulsive to their ideas and free
dom of conscience. The only remedy
for Turkey is separation of law and re-
ligion and full recognition In the Turk
ish national housekeeping OF the prin-
ciples of modern International law"
NJ. Franklin Boulllon. before sailing
for Marseiles declared that the preser-
walton of peace In the Near East was
due TO the efforts Of VI stapha Kemal
Pasha. the Turkish Nationalist leader.
THE credit for IL belongs to Kemal." he
sa'd who at the most critical mo-
meEt when the Angora assembly
showed its determination to reject the
allied terms, used all his authority as
commander-in-chief OF the Nationalist
army and succeeded in effecting mate
rial notifications In the deputies views
and demands without impairing the ma
tional PRIDE"
He expressed the opinion that the
peace conference cannot be held before
November. Mustapha Kemal. he said.
would not consent to holding II In Con-
stantihople, Beikos. Scutari. prinkipo or