davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04
MARC0NI REALLY
FATHER OF RADIO
Story Of the Gifted Italians
Work In Development Of Air
Communication.

~hlie experiments along the line
u radio really started AS far back as
io<s and hundreds of scientists were
interested in solving the problems In
veived for many years, II was not un-
III 1895 when Senatore Guglleimo
Msrconl took aui his first patent that
the mastery OF air communication got
It's nrSt great impetus. His life his
tory is TO all practical intents the his
terry Of radio communication.
Senatore Guglielmo Marconi. g. C.
V. o. l. l. d.. Disc. Nj. l.. +. f.. WAS
born IN Bologna. Italy, April ~. 1874.
His mother was Irish. while his father
was Of a family whose mechanical
ability was marked. After an edu-
cation al Leghorn and Bologna, the
young man interested himself In the
problem Of wireless telegraphy. start
Ing his research In 1896. He went 10
Eneland and In 1896 took out the first
pateREese granted for n pract cal
system Of wireless telegraphy. by the
use OF electric waves. His early ex-
periments In England were made AT
Westbourne Park. Shortly afterward
Marconi saw w. II. preece and
at his request made some experiments
for officials of the p~ostoffice. Some
further experiments were made In
May, 1897, in the Bristol channel.
wireless communication being estab-
iished between Lavernock and Brean
Down, "A distance OF nine miles.
ON the invitation or the Italian
government Aiarconl afterward went
to Spezia where a land station was
erected. which was kept In constant
communication with two Italian bat
tleshlps working from a distance of
i miles. For this success the ltal-
Ian government conferred upon Mar
conf the honor OF knlghthood. After
n return to England further expert
ments were conducted and on July 20.
1897. the first radio company was
formed and two permanent stations
erected. In 1895 wireless reports of
yacht races in Kingston were made
and proved the usefulness and adapt
ability to which the system lends IT.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04
MANY "oUT OF COMMISSION"
NssrIy poxsn Dsstroysrs Which Wore
Coveted Gold Star on Stacks,
Arc Doomed.

A typewriter has at last defeated
nearly a dozen OF the destroyers which
for four years zigzagged through the
North sea and In the submarine zone
OF the Atlantic and gained notable vie
tories over German submarines. The
coveted gold stars. worn on the stacks,
where all might see and know that a
German sub had met death, were
awarded the Parker 0,Brienl Cum
mings. Porter. Davis and many others
which have been ordered "out of com
mission by the Navy department.
"Out of commission means nothing
more or less than that the fast grow
ing navy junk pile grows higher. Never
again. probably, will these greyhounds
OF the deep circle around a feet OF
transports. suddenly dive of to one
side. sweep back again. drop a depth
bomb, and then watch the oil come to
surface that shows another German
submarine has gone down to visit Davy
Jones.
The thrills of the deeds of these
destroyers are a bit OVERHEAD
by the news that the Shaw Fs
slated for the scrap heap, too. She was
escorting the huge British transport
Aquitania when the ruddcr tammed
End the giant ship ran her down. The
Jacob Jones also brings back sad mem.
III is named for the first III
torpedo boat of that name which
sunk while battling in the subms-
riue zone.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

expression for their Legion ideas.
The result wns the establishment of
the Hoosier Legionnaire, which recent
~ started publication With a eireula-
ton Of $1,000.
Philip II. stapp of Greensburg, for
meriy editor of the Hour Glass, over
seas publication of the "Saunterlng
Seventh division, is editor OF the In.
diana publication. A delegate to the
Paris caucus OF the Legion. Stapp was
appointed a member OF the first ma
tlonal publicity committee OF the Lee
gion. During bis 20 months OF serv-
ice in the war. Stapp rose from 'buck
private" 10 a commissioned officer In
the heia artillery.
The newspaper Ia ent to all Indi-
ana LegionnaIres every week.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

services at the disposal of King Vic.
tor and was given the rank Of lieu
tenant In the Italian army. He was
employed on important military mis-.
sions 10 England by the Italian gov
eminent and after this service was
transferred as temporary commander
in the Italian navy. Marconi visited
the United States in 1917 AZ member
OF the ofhcisl mission n by Italy.
La 1919 Asrconi was appointed pieni-
potentisry delegate to the peace
conference at Paris, and In this capac-
lily signed the peace treaties with
Austria and Bulgaria. He was after
ward awarded the Italian military
cross
This very important figure In the
wireless world. who has received
about all the honors possible for the
scientific world to bestow upon him.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

self TO commercial purposes. In De
eember. 1895, Marconi Installed ap
paratus 10 provide communication be
tween the South Foreland lighthouse
and a lighthouse on the south coast
In 1853 Marconi read a paper on
wireless Telegraphy'' before the In
stitutfon of Electrical ~EBgineers-in
London.
Early In 1901 teIegraphic commu-
~nIcatIon was established between two
points more than $50 miles distant
and at the end of that year Marconi
transmitted signals from PoIdhu, In
Cornwall 10 st. Johns. Newfoundland.
In 1902 he received on board the
steamship Philadelphia In the pres
ence OF the officers. good messages
on the tape when az a distance OF
over 1900 miles from the transmit
ting station and signals at over 1000
miles. In December. 1902, the station
established at Cape Breton. Nova
Scotia. under n contract with the Tn
madam government for transatlantic
wireless telegraphy. was put MO
communication with the Cornwall sta
ton ar Pufdhu and suatgtira messages
were transmitted 10 the King OF
England. the King Of Italy and TO
the London Times. In October. 1913,
the steamship LucanIa published q
daily wireless bulletin from messages
received from the MarcoDi stations
A powerful station at CIifden on the
west coast Of Ireland was opened
early in 1907 for the establishment
OF commercial relations with the
American continent at 6iace Bay
Mr.. Narconi's work has been rec.
ognIzed by many governments and
seats of learning: he has been dec
GRATED by the King Of Italy and the
late ex-czar OF Russia AS an honor
AIRY doctor of many universities IN
Guiding Oxford, Glasgow. Aberdeen
Liverpool and Pennsylvania. besides
vfng received the freedom OF the
principal Ifnilan cities. In 1919 ne
was elected a senator In The ifsfian
90 rils menf. He also holds many SCI
awards granted by various so
and institutions.
Upon the declaration of war py
italy. ssnatore Msrconi placed his
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

| Ing market and weather reports. ant
police are receiving bulletins. Ser
mons, concerts. health talks and style
talks are transmitted. Universities
and professional operators are coop
Grating.
Approximate figures are reported
from xarinus states and-cfnters In
dicatIng the present number Of radio
sets. According TO A. l.. Benson OF
st. Louis. division manager OF the
American Radio Relay league. about
10000 radiophones are used In four
states as follows: Iowa, $1,000: Mis-
souri,, 25.O00: Nebraska. 1900
Kansas. 10000. In ST. Louis alone
there are some 200. The rndIophones
chiefly carry concert music, but in
many localities farmers have Installed
them 10 receive market reports.
Correspondence from Texas reports
2G3 stations In DnIlns. ranging In size
from n X. w to 20 watts. and almost
equal numbers in other cities Of the
state.
Cleveland, Ohio. reports probably ID
600 radio enthusiasts, 1000 sending
at greater Cleveland virtually
all amateur. and 10000 receiving sets
used almost nightly. These estimates
exclude commercial sets. Cincinnati
reports 500 sets.
Indiana has 400 amateur radio sets
and indianapolis 1000 r~adiophones.
Wisconsin has nearly 1900 stations.
and the number II said by Maicomb r.
Hanson. University OF Wisconsin opera
tor 10 be increasing at the rate Of FIVE
a day. Nearly 1000 sets are reported
in Milwaukee and vicinity.
North Dakota has a number OF re
ceivlng stations and q few fairly
powerful telegraph and telephone send
ing stations. The North Dakota Agri-
cultural college IL planning to install
a lOO-watt service for farmers. The
vacuu tube is d~ispIacsng Older equip
menf In the state.
Marked growth is reported at
Metz, by two radio clubs.
which have been 10 existence only six
months. The University OF Nebraska
md Nebraska Wesleyan, cooperating
send 10 amateurs In Nebraska. South
Dakota. lows. Colorado and Kansas :
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

Including the Nobel prize. has not
given up active work. hut Is even nov
engaged In radio telephone expert.
ments.
Radio enthusiasts have increased
fenfold within the last few months. 1t
appears from n survey conducted by
the Associated Press and covering the
central west, Kentucky and Texas. Al
virtually all points from which re-
ports have been received. there are
thousands OF radio sets, particularly
for purposes OF telephony, where at
most there were hundreds before.
While the sets are used chiefly for
pleasure and experience, they are be-
ing put to practical uses In many
cases. Numerous farmers are receiv-
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

Tell mother your small joys and sor
rows and ask her advice-it Will bs
good.
Ask mother TO tell you about hei
girlhood-you1l both enjoy IL.
Mother Is q girl too. She likes pretty
things. love, laughter and compliments
Give her some.
The spirit of this celebration Is
right enough. The letter OF 1t falls
Nobody can tell you how TO observe
Mothers Day. You know. III she's 8
red carnation mother make her happy,
IL she's a white carnatioh mother, dc
something that would make her happy
II she were d red %carnation mother.
Nobody can draw up a celebration
schedule for Mothers Day. How can
one, when nobody al find adequate
words TO write about Mothers Day7
Mothers Day is something new In
the way of holidays-not like Christ
mas and Easter which are old, old
holidays. And its new, compared with
the Fourth of July. In fact. it's just
about the newest holiday we have.
IL was no longer ago than 1906 that
Miss Anne Jarvis of Philadelphia, hon
oring the memory Of her own mother
on the anniversary Of her death, con-
ceived of a day OF which everyone
should do reverence to his mother.
whether living or dead. The Worlds
Sunday School association adopted the
plan. and. In the nexf few years. an
nually designated n Sunday as
Mothers Day. The purposes of this
celebration. rs stated by Or. George
w. Bailey, then president OF the asso-
citation, were:
ITO recall the memories of the
mothers that are gone, and through
loving words and loving care 70
brighten the lives Of the mothers that
remain, and to help children. men and
women TO a greater blessing In honor
Ing their fathers and their mothers.
ITO recall mothers prayers, moth
er's dying words. and the promises
made TO mother by the big boy that
still our her. and TO stop and think
a little of what she was In her life 10
her family"
In 1908 Miss Jarvis founded an or
now known as Mothers Day
international association.
The idea was taken up by the states.
In 1910 the governor OF Washington
a proclamation designating
May s OF that year as Mothers Day
and urged IL be celebrated by special
and the wearing of a white
flower In honor Of all mothers. In 1912
the governor of Oklahoma issued a
proclamation.
National recognition was given
Mothers Day by resolution of the
congress. approved by the
President Of the United States on May
], 1914. designating hat the second
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04


But, since human nature Is human
nature. every day isn't observed as
Mothers Day. There Is all the more
reason, therefore, for observing the
second Sunday In May-May IA, this
year-with a real celebration. Some
one has tried to figure out a real cele-
bration after this fashion for sons:
Wear a flower In mothers honor
a white one If mother Is dead d col
qred flower for a living mother.
Send mother a box of spring flowers.
Write her a letter-a long one.
Give mother a whole day OF your
time for that good visit" she longs
for.
Send mother your picture, and snap
shots of your home. your children,
your work.
Tell mother your plans and ambi-
tions-she made them possible.
Tell mother your smaller troubles
she wants to help You.
Thank mother for her care and her
teachings-teIl her how they have
helped you
Don't forget that mother still likes
candy.
Mother was your first and truesf
sweetheart-don't forget to say II
love youi"
For the daughters these things are
suggested
It's your chance to say thank you
TO your hest frIend-your mother.
BE sure to celebrate by wearing a
flower for mother: White for, mothers
not living colored flowers for mother
still with you.
Send mother some gay spring fiow-
ers, a brilliant bouquet or a thrifty
plant.
Make a dainty cap or a ~"dress-upr
gown or shirtwaist as a love gift to
mother.
If mother is far away. send her a
special delivery letter" for her Sun
day treat
Send mother the book you just en-
joyed reading
Don't forget to send her pictures OF
yourself. your friends and your good
times ]
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

thor whose writ
ings have W o n
some degree of
fame In the lit
erary d.
Reared In this
atmosphere n o fla
vorabie to scrib-
-bieFs, II -as In
evIta BILE that
III oosier men,
bers of the Amer
ic Legion
r h uld desire
some medium OF
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

Jewels to Rebecca as a seal 10 the
marriage compact. A trace Of the Gus
tom may be found among the carly
Eskimos, where the bridegroom mnsi
supply his bride with all the clothes
necessary for THE honeymoon" In
Rurnasda, clothes and shoes are u very
important part Of the gifts TO the
bride Largely from fhe customs prac-
iced In this latter country, bot also
from Italy. Sweden. and Greece. the
Ides Of the marriage tronsseau sprang.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04
Looked Bad for Client

Attorneys. In milking an appeal to
a Jury In behalf OF a client, frequently
snake assertions which give rise To
laughter. There is hardly a jury trial
that does not offer some such mirth-
Recently In I'M 81 the Indianapolis
suuersor courts the Introduction OF
evidence had been completed and
of the attorneys in the case % 10
address the jurors. He spoke In this
names Gentlemen Of the jury. the
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

Sunday In May thereafter should gen
orally be known as Mothers Day,
and directing that 1t should be tn
duty Of the President 10 request It's ob
servanee by Issuing a proclamation
calling upon the government officiali
to display the United States flag OF
all government buildings, and the peo
or other suitable places on this day
'as a public expression of our iovs
aud reverence for the mothers OF oul
country"
Originally the white carnatIon wat
the flower worn In observance OF thu
day. Then the public settled on white
carnaiions-for mothers dead and Zee
carnations for mothers living then on
white flowers and coiored flowers
Now the tendency Is TO wear mothers
favorite flower"
The great of the world have been
proud to pay tribute to mothers.
Unhappy is the man for whom his
own mother has not . made all other
mothers Observation-Disclosures.
man never sees all that his mother
has been 10 him till It's too late 10
let her know that he sees it.-W. u.
Howells.
II you would reform the world from
It's errors and vices. begin by enllsting
the mothers.-C. Simmons.
1 think IL must somewhere be writ
ten that the virtues OF the mothers
shall be visited on their children. as
well as the sins of the fathers
Charles Dickens.
The loving sacrifices of motherhood
must burn on the aitar of undylng
faith. II | could ~bequeath but u
priceless heritage to youth, II would
be the ability TO know the full measure
OF her love. Her influence is the most
changeless thing In the fiber OF n
character. IL outweighs arts.
science, literature and philosophy. for
her faith and works are better than
all the wise mnn's NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
tor Lawrence Y. Sherman.
Then there is the Gold Star Mother
anu tHE asbittf VA &tHt VI 0hfVlS
the usei
But they do say In France that In
The of his wounding the Brit
Ish soldier thought first of his sweet
heart. the French soldier Of his wife
and the American soldier OF his moth
er. Never mind who won the World
there's glory enough for all.
But history will record this fact
America showed the world In fhls-sni-
Tier who thought FIRST or his mother.
/ new kind of fighting man:
He marched laughing to the front
Veterans pitied him as a mere youth
Children loved him as one Of them.
Women gave him smile for smile
The enemy found him -ferrihle1
man who could not be stopped
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

position Of my client I'm this case 10
Identical with the preacher who was
walking alone on a country road one
day when he met a great. big grizzly
bear Al this point the judge OF the
our turned and whispered TO a by
sfander: 1T looks like his client Is GO
ing TO b. torn to pieces
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

kaiser during the
war. and IL did.
The German soci-
etles that @
rampant during
the period knew
well Captain Gus
tavus 0hlinger OF
the Intelligence
department Of the
United States. He
broke up their
M G etings and
many OF these so
cieties and their
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04
BY JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN

THEH Day SHOULD De
celebrated 1856 days In
the year. There's no
need TO argue about IL.
Every man and woman
blessed with a good
mother knows it's true
and knows why it's true.
IL doesn't take a very
old child to undersi
either.
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04

Origin Of a Marriage T~rousseSu-
One OF the earliest evidences of out
ming for the wedding ls found IN
Genesis In the story OF Abralmm's
servant Eliezer bringing handsome
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04
LEGION PAPERS BOSS SCRIBE
Philip stapp, Formerly Editor Of Over.
seas Publication, NJ Head Of
Hoosisr Publication.

1t Ia said that every town and viii
Iage I'm Indiana boasts at least one au-
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04
41f1E q
AEQICAN
LEGIM
tcepy for This Department Supplied ~
the Americas Legion Hewn 04rvfcSt
oHLlNGER A VALUABLE MAN
Former insslilgsncs ofDcsr Frustrated
Many Anti-Amsricsn Activities
During War.

The name OF Gustavus Ohlinger
might have meant something to the
Belt Valley times. [volume] (Armington, Mont.) 1894-1977, 1922-05-04
MOTHER o. MINE

"0 FfEN Y WFFSI
II l were hanged on the highest hill.
Mother o. mine, o mother o. mine!
] know whose love would follow me still.
Mother o. mine. o mother o. mine!
II ! were drowned in the deepest sea.
Mother o mine, o mother O. minei
/ know whose -teafs=AeHld come down 70
me-.
Mother o. mine. o mother o. mInel
II l were cursed in body and soul.
Mother o. mine, o mother o. minel
/ know whose prayers would make me
whole.
Mother O. mine. o mother o. minel
-Rudyard kipling.
, 1922-01-14

LN4IltN40 QIiabIG ~ lJahC RIOn4PI GIiP
ment. Refined futures were without
transactions.
Dublin, Jan. 10th. An amnesty has
been agreed upon as a result Of negoti-
atoms between the new Irish Cabinet
and the British Government, according
to a report current here tonight, and
Irish political prisoners including those
sentenced to death confined in British
prisons. will be liberated or Wednesday
or Thursday. The death penalty prison
ers number about forty.
Cairo, Egypt, Jan. 10th. Twenty
seven participants In the recent riots
here have been sentenced to from six to
nine months Imprisonment, according to
an announcement in the Egyptian press
today. A number of others were order
ed fogged, according to local papers.
London, Jan. 10th.-Ihe annual Board
Of Trade returns show that last years
imports by Great Britain tOtalled 1885,
900, 900 pounds compared with 1 1882, 600
pounds in 1929. The exports tojalIed
703, 600, 600 pounds compared with l, 334,-
900, 900 pounds in 1920.
johannesburg. S. A., Jan. 10th.-The
strike OF gold miners which was declared
last Sunday, became effective in all the
mines throughout the IransVaal. The
strike was p~recipitated through an at
tempt by the mineOWners to %reOrganize
the labour forces by greater employment
OF native lab0ur, particularly in the semi
skilled occupations in order to decrease
working costs and thus meet the de-
creased prices OF gold.
London, Jan. h.-Plenty of money
is available for sound propositions, judg-
ing by the present oVersubscriptions of
new issues. A loan of two and a half
million 50 percent, for the Lanarkshire
County Council, has been subscribed
twice over, and Bristils one Million issue
has been SUBSIDIZED four times over.
Since the year opened, new issues have
totalIed twelve millions The under
writer's are stated to have made eighty
thousand pounds.
London, Jan. 1Oth.-CoIoreI John Bige-
low Lodge, who was arrested by BoIshe-
visit authorities at batum on December
9th as All alleged secret British agent,
has been released, and is waiting passage
from Batum to Constantinople, according
to a despatch to the Times. 1t was Off
cially explained that his arrest was an
error.
Melbourne, Jan. 10th. Frank GWynne
Tudor, former Minister Of Trade and
Customs in the Australian Common
wealth Government, died at his home
here today, He had been active in gov
ernmental affairs Tor a number of years,
and since the year he opened a campaign
, 1922-01-14

MEMORANDUM from Mr.. Lloyd George
Oh the proposed pact with France. He
understands it was unanimously approv-
ed.
Constantinople, Jan. 10th. The pro,
VISIONS OF the treaty between the Turk.
lsh Nationalist and the Ukraine, signed
last week at AngOra, WEs made public
yesterday. One Of the sixteen articles
IN the document provides for mutual
assistance against any international trea-
~ imposed upon both the contracting
parties against the will of their respec-
tive parliaments The Soviet Govern,
ment of the Ukraine acknowledges the
treaties signed by the Moscow Govern
ment and the Government of the Cauca-
sus Republic with the AngOra Govern
ment. The independence of the Tx
ralne is recognized by the Turkish Ma
tl0nalists.
Cannes, Jan. 10th. Definite announce
ment that the British Dominions will be
invited to send representatives to the
international economic and financial con
ference, which will result from the meet
ing here of the Supreme Council was
made by M. BRAND today in the course
OF a statement respecting the discussions
between himself and the British Prime
Minister. M, BRAND made particular
reference to the fact that a representa-
tive Of the Irish Free State would be in
vited. This marks the firm official recop-
milton of Ireland's new states as a self
governing dominion in conr ection with
International affairs. Official announce
ment is made that the Supreme Council
tonight approved the plan for the forma-
tiOn Of an International finance corpora
ton, decided upon by the economic COM
mittee. ii was agreed to appoint imme-
diately a subcommittee composed of two
French end two British representatives
and one Italian. Belgian and japanese
representative, to organize the corpora
ton. The Government represented at
the Cannes Council undertake to furnish
10000 pounds for the organizing ex
penSes and will give the ub-committee.
as we'll as the corporation, when it is
established, all the aid and assistance in
Sheir power.
New YORK, January 18th.
Flour, BlenI d Clears st. Lawrence Frand
pr. brl. $500.
Meal KiIndci91 Der 100tbs $1.95
New Seasons Fork per brl. $37.O0
Heavy Mess Pork per hbl. $25. 90
Sugar--Crystals maximum per 100 lbs.
moIasses Sugar 89o test. % no O. quotation.
Cotton, Middling Upland, at Liverpool
per ID. 10 71-100d.
Exchange. New York and London. so
davS' ciCh+ 81 1914