davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
RAvENDEN ROUTE Q.

Aaron Collins Is getting along
good swapping fences. He swap
ped one field Of rail fence for a
woven wire feucs lie Is doing
this to have something to do
The farmers have been having
some trouble with tires the past week
L. X. Dolahon aud Mrs Coole y
fought fire all DAY recently but
no fences burned so far.
J Q. Bishop Is putting -ome new
ground in and +. NJ. Collins is do.
some nice work on his tarm. Tic
is getting IN about ~ acre of new
ground TINS spring. W A Taylor
is fencing some new ground too thIs
spring.
Jasper Hogan sold some cattle last
week to Tom Roger.
J. w. Melton had big rail split
ting the other DAY, having Ihlrteer
hands He made sumr,hlng like
500 rails. He Is going +, hAlfsolt
his old fence aud make some gooC
calf lots and nog pens
Sam WicScr, Jr., IL 6xug to g,
west for his health
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
BIRDELL

The date of the Hubble Greek
school program has been changed 10
Saturday, March 4, instead of FRI
day, the 3rd.
The Blrdell Milling Co.'s dong
good business now. They sold 1875
bushels of meal and chops last week.
Will Fielding visited Ii. M. Bar.
den Sunday afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Claude Barden took
dinner with Curt HulstedIer sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond Barden
spent Sunday aud Sunday night
with Mr.. and Mrs IL M. Barden.
IL. ii. Miller would like to trade
his riding cultivator for a WALKING
.oultivaIor
Frank Pettijohn had business in
Pocahontss one day last week
Bro. Porferfeld did not fill has
regular appointment here because
he was called to Reyno to hold ser
vices there sunday.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03

Rich Robinson bought good
span OF young mules from Elmer
Reynolds recently.
Aunt JOSIE Johnson made busl
ness trip to Pocahonlas Monday.
Judge Meets was here one day
last week taking evidence in q
couple OF divorce cases.
Rev. Baxter, Baptist of Maynard,
and Rev. Lashley, Christian Of
Jonesboro, flied their regular sp-
poinlmeDls here Sunday.
The ladies of the Home Missiou
Society collected all the eli hens
they could ge. Monday, tc sell to
get money to help build the Metho-
dist church house here.
Rufe Segraves shipped a nice car
load OF hogs to the st. Louis mar
kets Saturday.
The Methodist people are prepar-
ing to build their church house in
the near future.
Euel Evans has a good position
In the Davidson store.
Mrs. Sawyer, mother of Mrs.
Birdie Lacewell, is here this week
tor a visit
The Home Mission Society met
with Mrs IL | johnson last Wed.
nesday evening. They passed a
resolution to get the building com
mittee on the MethodIst church busy
at once.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03

IL. II. Cooper and wife visited
the Iatter's mother, Mrs. Thomp-
son, Saturday night aud Sunday.
Valcie Jones visited Mrs. K. M.
Hack worth Monday.
Will Collier and wife are the
proud parents of big 8 pound
girl.
Mrs. Austin visited Mrs. HIb-
bard over Saturday night and Sun
day.
Mr.. Moore and wife visited Dan
Chesser and wife Sunday afternoon.
School is progressing nicely at
this place, The pupils say they
sure do like Mr., Kllion as teach
or.
We are sorry to report the death
of Mr., Beaver at Manson. We ex-
tend our sympathy to the bereaved
ones.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
REYNO

NJ. Bledsoe, candidate for circuit
judge. was 10 our town last week.
Max Seymour and Loran Robin
son, who are attending school at
JOnesboro, are visiting home folks
this week.
Mrs. Mcleod came home from
Blythevllle Sunday.
A number Of our citizens attended
the bank opening at PocahontaE
Saturday.
Mr.. McNsiry was in our town
first Of the week.
MI. aud Mrs. c. A. Virtue and
little daughter, Katherine, came
home Monday from a visit IN Mis-
souri.
Mrs. Myrtle Hsynts Is visiting
relatives here this week.
Dewey Day left MONDAY for Cape
Glrardeau, being called on account
of the death Of his grandfather.
Mrs. Guss Bryant returned Mon
day from a visit with relatives al
Pooahontas.
The boys and girls basket ball
teams went TO Success Wednesday Of
last week, and played two very in
terestiug games. Score for the girls
10 and 8 and, boys is and Is Both
in favor of the ReYno teams.
A number from here attended the
funeral of Earl Smith, near May
nard, last week.
Miss Lilye Talbot visited her
sister at NaYlor Saturday and Sun
day.
MISS Mae Smithson was in Poca-
hontas having some dental work
done Saturday.
The meeting at the Christian
church closed Sunday. Rev. Bill
llngsly was called home Wednesday
OF last week on account of sickness
and was unable to return. Rev
Porterheld of Imboden took his
place. Only few lessons we're de-
livered, but we feel great good was
accomplished, as one obeyed and
one was restored.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
MIDpLEBROOK

We are very sorry to mention the
death of Earl Smith which occurred
here last Monday. He had been
confined TO his room for some time
with tuberculosis.
Aunt Emma Smith returned to
her home near Walnut Ridge last
saturday.
G. X. Phipps took his little son,
l.. l. TO Maynard Saturday to have
his arm dressed by DR.. Lofts.
Miss Zelma Odom visited her
sister, Mrs. Hays, here Saturday
night.
Roe Moriett suffered a very PAIN.
ful accident one day last week when
he was kicked by mule.
Mrs. Paul Lewis has very Sc
we're attack of lagrippe.
Prof. j. A. Pratt was on cur
streets last Saturday.
A k. SwIndle of this place and
Feeley Dsugherty of Ponder, Mo-,
are at Hot Springs for treatment.
DIlbert Hsgood aud Gilbert
Parker have been working for Uncle
John johnson at Maynard the past
week.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
HAMIL

Quite a lot of sickness around
here.
Mrs. Victoria Bridges visited her
paren's one night last week.
Amos Tyler and wife were called
here Thursday on account of serious
sickness IN his brothers family.
7. @. Waddell went to town Fri
dav after a load of freight
Will Roach attended the sale at
Water Valley Saturday
Little ESIs Tyler IS reported
some better at this writing.
Miss Myrl Spikes visited her
aunt, Manda Timer, near Ingram
FRIDAY night
Myrt Walrond went to Poca-
hontas Saturday.
Homer Rice Is working for q l..
Massey.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
Late County News
CUNNING LAKE

We aEe. having some 6ne pneu
m0nia weather at present, aud have
several ,ses TO report at this writ.
ing, but as far as we know all are
getting aioag as we'll as could b,
expected.
Several OF our farmers are prepar'
ing 10 SOW ,as. The balance oi
them are st,ll whiting and talking
about trading horses, COWS and ev-
erything
Edd Turner has serious case Of
the blues at present. Upon being
interviewed as TO the reason for his
suffering, he admitted that 1t was
because coon hunting was about to
come 10 an end.
Dan Wten intended to move last
week but took pneumonia the day
that he wanted TO move and Of
course is now delay er.
DR. j. Ky burn OF Manson was up
here Saturday morning attending
some Of hts patients
Several OF our people attended
the opening oi tue new First
National Bank at Pocahontas sat-
urdiy and we're sho wing their souV
enlrs UPON returning home that
evening.
A Mr.. Ceoll of Huffman, Ark 4,
has rented from Mike Ungerank
and will move here at once We
hope thus family will be satisfied
with their new home
If this letter skips the waste bas-
bet you osn look Tor another one
next week
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
PERU

Well, will try to keep up with
the 2 ood people of our community.
Our farmers are we'll up with
their breaking and cutting stalks.
b. X. johnson has built a new
teuent house on one Of the ShaVer's
EDDY isrms.
Pies Henders has moved on B
X. Johnson's place at the Eddy.
Oscar Luter, another good cllIzen,
has moved on b. X. Johnson's
place He is occupying the Luther
Crawley house.
j. X. Gazswsy has built a tenent
house on Mrs A K. Brumley's
farm near Shsver's Eddy. Hurrah
for these good men.
We have a good school at this
place with Elmer Lloyd as teacher
Herbert Glass has been visiting
in NeeleyvIlle, Mo-, the past week
Atlas Hanvie made a business
trip to SSaggs aud EInora Saturday
aud Sunday.
We have preaching twice a month
at Peru, by Bro Monroe WItcheI
aud Rev. Dan Jones, the first and
second SUNDAYS each month.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
BRIsroW

Misses Eva simpson and Pearl
Linn VISITED Flora aud Cassie Aus.
tin Iast rue.dsY afternoon.
The singing was well attended at
George ry ,er's last saturday night.
Quite a crowd of young folks
visited Miss fearl Linn Sund ~
evening.
Rev. Geo. Weeks Is sick at this
writing.
l.. M. Davis aud wife visited Joe
Brown aud wIie saturday nIght
and SUNDAY
Fred Casey aud wife are visiting
her brother, herman Davis, aud
family
A wedding took place at Mr..
Si Ford last saturday evening when
tM,ss I.eona Siffsrd aud hsrryssAh,
bot were b pyily married.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
GUM STUMP

Bill Sparks and wife are visiting
in Bay, Ark, this week,
Mss Hazel TIppitt spent Sunday
with Lance HiggInbotham
Fib Tyson is sick at this writing
with fever
Pete Kell spent Sunday afternoon
with Luna HIgginbotham
Mrs. Floy Holland spent Sunday
with Mrs. N l. Houston.
MIR. Seminole was Land to rest In
the Duty cemetery Feb 90
Walter Houston visited Nola
Reed Sunday afternoon.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
HAIR MON Y

August Nelmau and family, Mrs.
Jno. Eberline and sou aud harles aud
Albert Nelman lefl last sunday for
their home IN 81 Louis ter short
visit with their sister Mr.. j. f
BIeller
Pearl Hunt was the saturday
night guts' Of EIlih BETTER
Mr.. aud Mre MIKE Pace ste the
proud parents OF big baby girl
J. f Belle, and Alien Lyrch
lNsre earl' callers at Mrs w. NJ.
Mahan's SUNDAY.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
Mrs. Anna Teel is Improving very
nicely at this writing

EAhho AOOh 80 NSA y
nicely at this writing.
W. NJ. Mahsn and daughter, Lo.
rene, visited at the home of j. f.
Beiller Friday night.
Miss Alice Lynch called on Miss
Lorene Mahan last Wednesday.
MISS Clara Price called on Mrs.
Mae Skasick last Sunday afternoon.
A crowd of young folks were
made welcome at the home of Mrs.
Alice Lynch Sunday evening.
Joseph 4. Howard of Pocabon-
tas was a Sunday guest of Miss
Edith Beiller.
Misses Clara Price and Edith
Belller, Joseph Howard and Miss
Pearl Hunt were welcome callers OF
MISS Lorene Mahsn Sunday even
ing
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
BlGGERS

Mrs. Vista Shores is right sick at
this writing.
Uncle Harvey Elkins Is very low
with something like the dropsy.
DIR. Oscar Smith OF Reyno was
here Monday. He Is contemplat'
ing moving here soon.
Clyde Morrow will probably
leave Wednesday for Misslsslppl
county where the family will make
their future home
A. o Pool will cultivate one oi
Aunt LizEie NoCrary's places thus
year.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03
Pie Supper at Shannon

There will be a farmers Union
pie supper and speaking at Shannon
school house on Monday night,
March 8 The management Is max
ing preparations fora a big crowd.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03

Farm hands wanted-I want two
single farm hands to work during
the coming crop season. Will pay
good wages and board See Carl
Conner. Blggers, Ark 30 9t.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03

There wasn't any church Sunday
on account of the ram. There will
be Sunday school next Sunday at
2 o'clock p. m. Everybody come.
Pocahontas star herald., 1922-03-03

EstraS Notice-I have At my
place mi southeast OF O'Kran,
one red ana whI'e spotted h,ifeT,
coming 8 wears old. Marx, possib.
" dog has chewed right ear
10 ltp A f. Friar.
The New York herald., 1922-10-01
financial opinion In the various Amer
ican States

financial opinion In the various Amer
ican States.
Nothing approaching the present con-
dlticns the British financ!er thought.
had happened within the memory OF
man, and bankers had to face new
and strange state OF th.nge without any
clear body OF experience 70 guide them.
The formation OF rational public
opinion on the worlds economic proc
leas is urgently needed. ne said. and
ho had no doubt great step forward
would be made by gathering together
H. one convention The best banking
brains in tie United States.
1ho one time Chancellor paid hlSA
t,!bute TO the bankers OF the United
States for the skill with which they
were handing the domestic problems Df
tho country with the result. he said,
tia; the present financial and banking
position Of the United States was prob
ably as sound and liquid as 1t ever had
been in its history.
on the arrival OF tho Aquitania the
fun eourtes,es OF the port were e%-
tended TO the British financial exp'-t
b. the customs and immigration Off
cials. At the CunarJ pier al West
Fourteenth street Mr. Mckenna was met
BY committee composed OF Thomas
Is. McAdaus, president Of the Ameri.
The New York herald., 1922-10-01
BRANCH BANKS FOES
OPEN FIGHT TODAY
Speakers to Outline Attack
Prior 10 Starting OF Big
Convention.
0PpOSl. NEW WORKERS
New England, Middle West
and Pacific Coast Men
Lead Contest.
SAY THEY SEE MENACE
10,
clare Crissinger Helps Plan
Leading to Metropolitan
Domination.
SAY THEY SEE MENACE

Plans for the fght by independent
bankers on the floor of the American
Bankers Association convention this
week against the system of branch
banks and what they term the protec-
tive attitude of Comptroller of the
Currency Crissinger will be given shape
al a mass meeting this afternoon in
the Hotel Astor.
a marked local issue Is expected to
develop in the struggle. Out of town
banl, executives and delegations from
New. England, the middle West and
the Pacific coast will be ranged on
one side in opposition to branch banks
and on the other side will probably be
found the officers Of great New York
banks opposed to putting the conven-
ton on record in the controversy.
HEADQUARTERS for anti-branch bankers
was opened at the Hotel Biltmore yes
terday by the Chicago and Cook County
Bankers Association. I. y. Powell.
president of the South Side Trust and
Savings Bank of Chicago. is chairman
and e. N. Baty executive secretary.
Anti-Branch Mems Statement.
Chairman Powell issued the following
statement:
Many anti-branch bankers mako no
concealment Of their intention to de-
nounce Comptroller Crissnger's attitude
and, though they are the guests OF
New York city bankers. some of whom
The New York herald., 1922-10-01
GLAD HAND AWAITING
ALL VISITING BANKERS
Committee of One Hundred
on Job Night and Day.

IN their entertainment OF out-of-town
bankers arriving by hundreds for the
American Bankers Association conven-
ton this week the committee OF one
hundred OF New York institutions has
400 men ard 200 women. provided with
fifty trunk lines and $50 telephones.
One OF their principal responsibilities 10
10 see that each incoming guest is
greeted within fifteen minutes after ar
rival with a personally telephoned
Welcomed"
From the moment the visitor banker
arrives he Is a marked man-marked
by a benevolent espionage. Badge
watchers at the railroad stations. or, Il
he slips through unnoticed, secondary
SQUADS at desks Of the hotels. obtain
his name and pedigree and flash it &c
committee headquarters.
Within the quarter hour period the
new arrival is surprised TO hear him
The New York herald., 1922-10-01

SET called on his hotel room telephone
NOT only by name but by title, banl;
city and State.
The callers introduces himself as 2
representative OF the Committee OF One
Hundred and then bids:
Il am authorized to extend to YOU
cordial welcome to New York;
If he does not find his hotel room
satisfactory change VIII be made i'm
rnediately.
Or il may be the visitor wants res
taurant address. He gets IT, Or infor-
nation about the program OF the week :
events. churches. theaters. boat trips
what not. He gets IT, One family
wanted a high chair for the baby II
got il.
Because of the immensi,y oil the
proposition New York bankers canno,
invite the guests to their homes. Hence
the telephone handclasp. entertainment
heads explain.
There will not be an advertisement
printed on any OF the convention l!tera-
ture Nothing must be commercialized
Kew Yorl; bankers want guests to fee
they have nothing 20 sell"
Seward Prosser. president OF the
Bankers Trust Company. is chairman
OF tho committee.
The New York herald., 1922-10-01
. be Inspirations and Intesnationa'

~ 10 De a4.N %-ANN- -'N~'
Debts"
Because he expects 10 express his
views fully on that theme at that time
Nh McKenna. when "A reporter for
Tl!s New YORK HERALD saw n;nn in hie
sta .eroonl. 50 l.. ne preferred 10 say little
concerning European finance. The
former Chancellor said he appreciated
h.shiy the great honor the American
Bankers Association had done IN invit-
In. him TO be it's guest and TO make an
au6ress
..though the convention would nat
lrally be chiefly concerned with bank
ing matters directly affecting their own
rational affairs and condition. he said,
he lad observed with much interest the
vide scope o: the subjects 70 be con-
eiderd.
in his opinion, Mr.. McKenna de-.
clared. immense good would be effected
BY this great meeting OF American
bankers. Tho whole world was suffer
Ing from the consequences Of the war.
OF which the. more obvious signs. he
S. id, were trade dislocation and tunlbl!nS
exchanges. and on these and other sub
jects. London bankers were most eager
IL learn the views OF the leaders of
The New York herald., 1922-10-01

ara identified closely with the branch
banking system. and grateful for the
splendid hospitality extended to them,
fee; that the time has come 10 speak out
boldly.
"It is planned 10 have the convention
60 on record as opposed TO branch
banking In any form, and strenuous
opposition Is expected to such test
vote OF the sentiment of the bankers
OF the country.
Many city bankers. especially the
officers OF great banks located in New
York. are frankly opposed to putting
the convention on record on the ques-
ton OF branch banking But OF the great
number OF out OF town bankers who
will attend the convention. a majority
have strong feeling ON the subject, and
a vigorous discussion Is expected.
The struggle. which has been going
On FOR some years. came 10 a head III
July last, when with the tacit approval
OF Comptroller Crissinger the First Ma
t,onal Bank Of St Louis opened one
branch and announced its intention OF
opening others. The State laws OF Mis-
scuri prohibit State banks from having
branches, and Attorney-General Barrett
instituted an action TO enjoin the First
National from operating tho proposed
branches.
"The approval of the Comptroller was
relied upon by the bank as defense to
this action in part, and though an in
junction was obtained restraining. pend
| ing the trial OF the action. the opening
of other branches the ono already opened
was permitted to continue doing busi-
| ress
Tho anti-branch bankers believe this
| 10 be an unlawful invasion by the Fed
eral banks of the territory OF the State
/ banks. which are expressly forbidden
| in Missouri to have branches.
The New York herald., 1922-10-01

can Bankers Association: Seward Proz-
ser, president OF the Bankers Trust
Company and chairman OF the Com.
mittee Uf One Hundred; Stephen Bake,
president or the Bank OF Manhattan
Company; James =. Alexander. presi-
dent Of the National Bank Of Com
merce in New York Waiter r. Fref,
president OF the Corn Exchange Bans.
and Charles Il. -Iitcnel president a.
the National City Bank.
Mr.. Mckenna IS no stranger TO New
York. FIe visited this city about sea
sgo. lie laughingly recalled yesterday,
however. that when he first saw New
York, thirty-seven years ago. the
Produce Exchange Building at Bowl1
Green was pointed out TO him WI
pride as this city's show structur
They called il a sltyscraper then,
smiled the British banker. but you
have 10 hunt for IL now. | observe. liks-
you DO for Trinity spire, which used H.
dominate your skyline
The New York herald., 1922-10-01
M'KENNA TO SPEAK |
ON DEBTS OF WORLD
Former Chancellor Of Elk,
chequer Will Address Amer
Jean Bankers.

The Right Hon. Reginald Mckenna,
who was British Chancellor OF the Ex-
chequer In 1856 and who now is chair
man Of the largest banking institution
in the world. the London Joint City and
Midland Bank. Ltd, arrived Yesterday
aboard the Apuitania. lie is TO give
one OF the most important addresses
scheduled for the forty-eighth annual
convention OF the American Bankers
Association. which holds its sessions In
the Hotel Commodore beginning to-
inorrow and ending Friday. Ills subject
The New York herald., 1922-10-01
DUBOIS QUITS DEBT BOARD.

LONDON. Sept. go ASSOCIATED Press
Louis Dubois. chairman OF and Frenc
representative on the Preparations Com
mission. has resigned. according 70 IN
formation in official circles.
The New York herald., 1922-10-01
outcome Is Far Reaching.

s. pom tne OulCOHi6 tiio lSOOl'
litigation. which will be fought. it is
certain. to the highest courts, depends
the future OF the independent banks OF
the country, In the opinion Of the anti
branch bankers.
Congress will be urged TO pass a
bill prohibiting absolutely the estab-
lishment OF branches or offices by ma
tional banks anywhere. and as many OF
these banks already have largo branch
systems big legislative fight is looked
| for.
Among those already In town for
the convention and ready to lead the
fight on the floor and at the meeting
against branch banking are A. w. Ire
main, president United States Bank.
Hartford. Conn; Edward J. Morris,
president Washington Bank and Trust
Company, Indianapolis; NJ e. Tate. Sc
curity State Bank, keokuk. Iowa
Thomas ]. Healy, president South West
Trust and Savings Bank, Chicago; Will
lam ]. Rathje, president Mid-City Trust
and Savings Bank, Chicago; Murray
Mcleod. vice. president Irving Park Ma
tional Bank. Chicago.
"I. N. Powell, president South Side
Trust and Savings Bank, Chicago: ]. r.
Burrows. president Central National
Bank. Topeka. Kan; L. S. Lee. presi-
dent First National Bank. CovinGton,
KY; w. J. Couse, president Asbury
Park National Bank, Asbury Park. y. j.,
and George T. Burling. president. Citi-
zens Bank, White Plains, n. Y.
william z. McComb, president Ma
tional Exchange Bank Lockport, n. Y.
A. II. Seibig. president United Bank and
Savings Company. Cleveland. Ohio; d.
The New York herald., 1922-10-01

A full account OF .he program, 10.
rether with interviews giving the scope
OF the coming convention OF bankers,
win he found on page OF the second
section OF THE NEW YORK HERALD
of th.s m ornipg
The New York herald., 1922-10-01

d. w. Birmingham. secretary and treas
urer Hazelwood Savings and Trust Com
pany. Pittsburgh. and Frank /. Hodg-
son. president Missouri Banks and Trust
Companies Opposed to Branch Banking.
"A strong delegation or the Missouri
ant!-branch bankers is expected FOR the
convention and they will be In force at
the meeting in the Astor."
Grainger County news. (Rutledge, Tenn.) 1917-current, 1922-09-13

ment where the contestants ride and
try for rings suspended over the
track. The rider makes the 100
yards in eight seconds and gets GER
tain points for each ring he takes
with the lance.
A feature of each day will be
some good horse and mule races, the
entries in which are being rapidly
filled Premiums aggrigatirg Sl.o45
arc hung up for contests.
Wednesday, the trst cay will be
observed as, Kiwanis day at which
time the Kiwanians and RotarianS
wila have a tug Of war; with the
pond on the fair ground between
them.
Band concerts will be given daily
and free open air stunts.
Practic ally every Fem .crat NE
Senate has cited for protective du-
ties on some c;pmmodit, wnicL is an
admission of he eit.ca ! ana he es-
sity of prot .'tioa .' an Ar ei:su
prfncipa! -Crussvil!e Lnfonicle
Grainger County news. (Rutledge, Tenn.) 1917-current, 1922-09-13
Political Chaos

Who doubts for a moment that
there Is at this time more or less
political chaos in this country
The political chaos OF this coun-
Try is approaching the political con-
fusion in other parts of the world.
We haven't political parties to-
day as they were understood at one
time in the history OF this country
We have what might be called po-
litical organizations carrying the
names of ancient political parties.
In ether words. the political par
ties have a name TO live but they
are dead.
The reason they ara IN this con-
dition is because they have aban-
doned great fundamental principles
of government. and doctrines of the
Constitution. They abandoned
them hoping that they might sur
render principles for policies.
You can't build a great party on
q policy; It must be builded on :
principle.
y the parties of this country are
TO be revived and invigorated yot
must inject into their backbone ths