The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1922-12-28
ARTICLES OF INTEREST TO FARMERS
edited by p W. Huntmer County Agent Melrose.


Henry G. Meyers of Metre Grove is
one of the most progressive breeders
of pure bred Holsteins in Stearns
county. The following are some A. r.
o. records made by a number of the
cows in this splendid herd in recent
Z day tests:
Pearlie Jewel DeInka, 567.2 lbs. of
milk, 21.13 lbs. butter; Pearlie Jewel
DeKal, 1912 lbs. milk, % lbs. butter;
Leliama Fayne Korndyke DeKal, 396
lbs. milk, Is lbs. butter; Molly Korn-
dyke Kayne DeKal. 411.5 lbs. milk,
16 lbs. butter; PRICE Alice Calantha
DeKal, 445.9 lbs. milk, 81 lbs. butter;
Pietertji Bop.ly Johanna End 1854
lbs. milk, 16 lbs. butter; Lola kolin-
gen De Kal, 418.6 lbs. milk, 16 lbs.
butter.
With the general improvement OF
all classes of livestock more modern
barns are being constructed for the
housing of this stock. One of the i'm
portant factors to be taken in con-
sideration in barn construction is pro-
per ventilation. The Department OF
Engineering at the University Farm
has recently given out the following
data on barn ventilation, which should
apply to barns housing dairy or beef
cattle:
"a barn is ventilated in order to
keep it dry, and it's air fresh and yet
comfortable for stock in any kind OF
weather. This is not easy to accomp-
lish. All ventilating systems. so far
as we know, sometimes refuse to work.
The ventilation of barn is something
like the draft in stove or furnace: it
will work especially well at times and
at other times fail. But it is much more
difficult to get ventilating system
to work well than it is stove to draw,
because in a stove the air becomes
warmer than it can be made in a
ventilating flue. A chimney or ventil-
ating flue draws normally only when
the air in the chimney or flue is warm
er and consequently lighter than the
air outside. When air is heated it ex-
pands and becomes lighter. If, then,
ret in ventilating flue warm
the air outside will force the
he flue upward.
I'd. by it's pressure on the sides,
orce air into barn and thus
-" '~4inside out through the
les or openings. The sue
.aused by the wind blowing over
aop of the flue may also temporar-
assis. in the circulation of air.
However, the principles upon
which one must rely for ventilation
under normal conditions are the facts:
/. Air expands when it gets warm 2
Warm air is lighter than cold air. 5,
Because the air in a barn and venti-
lating f1ue may be kept warmer and
lighter than the air outside, a circula-
ton may, by proper arrangement
of flues, be maintained under most
conditions. -... .s...--
"The air in a chimney is made hot
or warm by fire. The source of heat
in a barn is from the animals them
selves. On this account, if vent.lat-
ing system is to work, the barn in
which it is installed must be built in
such a way that maximum amount
of heat, generated by the animals, is
retained in the barn. Walls and
ceiling, also doors and windows, must
be made tight and warm. Ii there
are as many windows as are deslr-
able to furnish plenty of light, storm
windows, or windows with double
glass, should be used. If the barn is
a frame construction, the walls should
at least be double boarded with
matched lumber, and all places about
the studdings should be closed up
tight. Hay chutes, stairways, etc.,
should be kept closed and the ceiling
should not be too hight, not to exceed
eight feet, or the barn too large. 9th
erwise the heat from the stock will
not warm the air enough to make it
rise through the ventilating f1ues..
s'There are at least three systems of
ventilation. The first, and most COM
mon, broken windows, loose doors,
poor walls, open hay chutes, etc. Such
a system does not keep the air fresh
and pure nor the stock comfortable.
Second, the Rutherford system, which
is a definite system but had not been
extensively tried in this country, AMI
does not appear to be desirable here.
Third, the King systm worked out by
the late Professor F. H. King OF Wis
consin. The King system has been adj
vocated for years and is the only
system we know that will generally
work if properly installed.
The King system works on the prin-
cipal just described, namely that the
warm, foul, moist air in the barn,
because it is lighter, is crowded out
by the fresh, heavier air from the
outside. This system provides for
one or more foul air fues extending
from near the stock floor to a point
above the peak of the barn, and for
intake fues, which let air into the
barn, but are so arranged that the
warm air in the barn cannot get out
through them. The warm air in the
barn cannot go out through these