New-York tribune., 1922-01-29

and it's subvcrsive influence made itself
felt not only in Caucasus and in AZ
ghanistan, but also in the northern
provinces OF India itself. The peace
treaty, partitioning the Ottoman En-
pire and temporarily depriving the
Turk of sovereignty over CONSTANT
nople, also gave the Indian Mahonctans
grievance to air.
Since 1917 there have been three
| serious phases OF Indian internal dis
order. In that year there occurred the
Arrah riots, which were fierce, organ
ized attempts by Uindos to drive the
Mahometans out Of Bihar. In the
spring OF 1919 the Punjab riots, fur
thercd by clevcrly circulated propa-
ganda that the British power had been
weakened by the war, took place. Last
year in southern India the Moplah up
rising. broke out. These were die
ta:cd by the belief that Britain WAS pri-
r.arily responsible for the troubles Of
Turkey, and the Moplahs, Mahomctan
sect. hoped to terrorize the British gov
ernmcnt into a revision of the Turkish
position.
There are numerous varieties of Il. -
dian asitasors, but those who are caus-
ing most trouble &. present are OF two
kinds. First. come men such as Ma
hatma Gandti. low-castc Hindu, ascctic,
prophet and idesist, who at the mo-
ment, in the absence of men compare
bic to the late MI. Tilak, q militant
and bitter supporter OF Brahniin su-
premacy. head the wave Of disaRection.
Gandhi's position is a unique one. Brit
ish Official publications say that "evcn
these pho arc most profoundly con-
vnced that his political opinions are
unsound, upractical and even disas
trous, can rarely be found openly to
criticize. far less to oppose him" This
revision; for while the rank and file
Of the Indian National Congress, now
in session at Al!ahabad, has approved
the Gandhist policy OF non GO operation
and passive civil disohcdicnce AS a
means OF securing Swarai or home
rule, it is becoming increasingly evi
dent that 9andhis attempt TO influence
moderate Indian opinion is failing. BIZ
pin Chandra Pal. strong opponent OF
Lord Curzon's partition OF Bengal, ha.
come out openly in the Indian press
to declare that hartals such as the Cal
cutta one on November II are purely
the result Of intimidation and that they
90 not in any way reflect real popular
feeling. Govindaraghaon Iyer a dis
tinguished Brahmin Of Madras, has ap-
pealed to Madras Liberals to support
the government in the maintenance Of
peace and order. Bombay Liberals,
under Sir Dinshaw Wacha and Mr.. Sa-
math, have refused their support to
Gandhi Sir Bihod Mittcr. in Bengal.
has also come out in opposition to the
extremists.
Allah4bad, where the Indian National
Congress is being he'd. is a stronghold
OF Gandhict influence. It is worth
noting that, in the native states, where
the reception OF anti British propa-
ganda might be expected TO be warm.
est, it is in reality codcst. Native
rulers are under no misapprchcnsions
as 70 the consequences OF the Back to
Mcdicvalism" movement.
The Indian National Congress must
not be confused with the Indian Lcgis-
Iative Assembly. The former is a
non official BODY which for several
years has passed anh-British rcsolu-
tions. Sir Henry Verney Lovett. writ
ing IN the Asiatic Review, mention.
that since 1916 this Congress has been
dominated by extremists, and that it
has looked largely to Sim rein. and
IN lesser measure to the zaghlulists
IN Egypt, for Inspiration. The Indian
| Legislative Assembly is practically the
Indian Parliament Although it's elcc-
tions were boycotted by Gandhi, they
nevertheless were carried out; and the
Assembly is now functioning under the
government of India act, which gives
British India control over it's oyn
finances, agriculture, schools, roads
and other features Of internal admin.
istratlon, foreign policy and military
matters being reserved to the Empire.
Observers here in London believe
that Gandhi made his wors. mistake
IN allying himself with the brothers
Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali. who
had been conducting an intensive aei-
'Stion among Indian Mohometans on
behalf Of Turkey. The alliance Of
hindu and Moslem, these men saw. is
unnatural and artificial, never havinp
been known in India before. This
joining Of forces certainly alienatcd
mary Of Gandhi's Hindu followers.
5hcre can be little question" SAWS
an off'cial report, that had it been
possible to satisfy public opinion in
regard to the Punjab occurrences (the
massacre and bombing Of natives At
AmTitsar and elsewhere in l91e). +he
non-co-opcrstion movement would hav.
failed throughout the country at large. -
mere are, on the other hand. Indians
VINO Go not believe that the non-co-on-
Grafton movement has reached it's
zenith. A prominent Parsee writer
warns that "the pcace-lovins people Of
India are gradually drifting into rcvo-
luton and anarchy" To counterac.
hi hA~