davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
\ ]. STATE POLICE GUARD HALL. HOME
Dollar Bill Is Spent
81 Times In IA
Working DAYS

CHICAGO, Oct. 18.-To get
a line on the life and adven-
lures of dollar bill, the Chi
cago Chamber of Commerce
started out a new bill four
teen days ago, with a circular
attached, requesting every per-
son handling the bill to make
a notation of it's use.
The dollar was spent thirty
one times, but it never got into
church or theater, and was not
used for amusement in the
fourteen days. 1t was new
when it started out, but when
it came back today it was
soiled, wrinkled and DETECTED.
Here is it's history for TOUR
teen days, changing hands for
service:
Five times for salary.
Five times for tobacco.
Five times for cigarettes.
Three times for candy.
Twice for mems furnishings.
Once for collar buttons.
Three times for meals.
Once for automobile acces-
sories.
Once for bacon.
Once for washing powder.
Once for garters.
Twice for shaves.
Once for tooth paste.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
LEGION IN
NEWOR|VE
ON BONUS
Il o.omatic Rather Than Mill
tant Methods to Govern
Compensation Fight. =
By J. BART CAMPBELL.
irrnstionaI '.tv- N-rIi.r staff
GarrPS DOndrpt


NEW ORLEANS, La. Oct. IS
Diplomatic rather than militant
methods in continuing its effort,
20 secure adjusted compensation
Tor the country's ex-service mer
will be the national policy of the
American Legion aurin;. the com.
ing year.
This was decided at con.
ference today between those high
in the LeEion's circles ana re.
Elected in resolution adopted by
the resolutions committee fror,
which all criticism of Preside nj
Harding for vetoino tn soldiers
bonus bill and of the Senate fol
failing to pass it over his veto
was carefully eliminated.
Some Opposition.
I'm it's deleted form me rrsolu
tion did not meet the views Of the
who were insis'iu" that q verbal
roast" of the President and Cor
grcss was essential TO renewal
uf the bonus fight
II was predicted. how, V"r. tn
resolution. which authorizes the
legion's national officers TO press
rard for the enactment OF Bonus
Icgis ,ation during the coming wear
vii! ~, adoDted when 'resen,- q
he convention.
IL was also stated the resolution
was satisfactory to llanford Mac
Nider. retiring commander and
militant bonus advocate. as II left
no loop.holc by which boLus is5ue
could be soft pedalled" As certain
.nflu"nrps inside and outside tht
lrSi, n were seeking to have Zone.
Tn. resolution was drawn in such
way as TO leave no room for doubt
as to the determination of the legion
to fight to a finish oyer the soldier
bonus. Instead. however. of attack
ing or Condemning public officials OF
others opposed to the bonus. 1t was
agreed that persuasive methods
should be tried out, although the
consensus of opinion was that there
is little likelihood OF bonus bill get
ting very far during the approach
ing session of Congress.
Not until the SiXty-eighth Con
rr.ss gets under way and after next
vear's national convention is held Al
San Francisco is another bonus bill
considered likely to reach the White
House, and by that time another
erion convention NAV have adopted
nolicv different from that which
CONTINUED on Page 2. Column D.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
FIVE DEAD IN CRASHES,
TWO BURNING TO DEATH

CHICAGO. Oct. 1S.-Five persons.
one a woman, were killed in train.
automobile crashes near here today.
A Chicago. Milwaukee and st. Paul
passenger train smashed into taxi.
cab near Glenview. H., killing three.
The chauffeur was killed outright.
Two passengers were burned to death
in the explosion that followed tho
carsh. Early today the names Of the
victims were not know.
A Baltimore and Ohio train
wrecked motor truck near Blue
Isla nd ILL.,, killing Chris Colbert and
lar Forty.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
Stephens Pleads Not.
Guilty of Conspiracy
In Lumber Charges
by international News Service

John Stephens, president of the
Stephens Lumber Company of New
York and Jacksonville. Fla, pleaded
not guilty today when arraigned IN
the District of Columbia Supreme
Court on charges of conspirinG TO
defraud the government.
Stephens, recently indicted with "a
humber of others in connection with
the lumber fraud cases. was
charged with having conspired 10
secure surplus lumber held by the
government at the conclusion OF the
war at an undermarket price, nd
to have obtained a large amount Of
money in its resale.
Justice Stafford of the District
Supreme Court allowed Stephens
thirty days in which to move for
quashing the indictment or to file
demurrers.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
srrssAr'osAl sGss STA

ment to Assistant District Attorney
John +. Hennis. Martelliere blamed
the entire tragedy on the woman
She had become nadly infatuated
with him. he said
Mrs. Johannes Martcllicrc told the
police that she and her husband
had been separated for several
years. she retaining custody Of
their siX.year.old daughter. She
had agreed to divorce him at Mrs.
Salude's request she said.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
CHINESE ASToUNDS COURT
BY TALKING ONLY POLISH

NEW YORK. Oct. 1S.-won Chuen
Sing celebrated on Monday because
II was a Polish holiday. In the
'xc'' "ment OF the celebration Sing
h""l"d hottie through he front
'.''~dow OF n cafe. He was before
= 'eis'ra Well yesterday charged
" y disc Il rIy conduct
\ cour Interpreter tried a dozen
Chinese d'ot cts on Sing. but with.
"'l' su"r"ss. \ visitor told tn" court
va III" defendant was speaking
"olsh S"~ was fined for sma shing
: nirY
f'r' u S'r- &C., Ho'u n
and didn't unders, \ nd
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
j. s. BUREAUS
BEGIN MOVING
To SAVE RENT
Prison Head, Prohibition Unit,
Justice :sents,, and D. c.
Rent Board Transferred.

Removal from rented quarters in
Tie llOOc building. 1880 + street,
of half dozen Government bureaus.
employing 500 people began today.
The first department to he moved
is the division of Prisons and paroles,
Ci which Dir. Heber r.. Notaw is head
This division is being moved to the
main Department of Justice building
ch Vermont avenue.
Early next week the prohibition
unit. with its 600 employees. will he
moved to what is known as &C" build
ing. one of the temporary Govern
Tent buildings at the corner of Sixth
and Il streets southwest.
Scores of the employees of the pro
hibition office were wearing long
faces today when toid definitely tha;
they would he forced to give up theil
pleasant + street quarters for tn
isolated War Building"
The local office of the Bureau 0.
investigation. Department of Justice
which also is housed in the Hoo,
in one of the Goverrmc mt owned
buildings on Pennsylvania avenue
adjacent to Polls Theater.
Kent commission PuzLleS.
A problem that faces the Publ,
Buildings and Grounds Commission
whose duty II is to assign Govern
ment departments to quarters, is
what to do with the District Rent
Commission.
The buildings commission realizes
that the nature OF the work Of tn,
rent body is such as to make it neoes
sary to locate il down town in quar-
ters of easy access.
The Government must NaCat% the
lIooe building by November | and
the Rent Commission will have tC
be moved along with other govern
mental agencies.
Several other Government de
partments now housed in rented
quarters are to he moved and the
buildings commission will meet ir
few days TO take up such cases
II Is regarded as probable that In
the shifting of other departments
provision may be made for tn,
Rent commission.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
SHOT FATAL TO FARMER
WOUNDED IN ARGUMENT

LEESBURG, Va, Oct. is.--
French De Butts, well known
farmer OF Loudoun. who was shot
and badly wounded near Purcell
vile Tuesday night, died at the
Leesburg hospital this morning
De Butts went to a negro cabin on
farm business, an argument oC-
CURED and several shots We're fired.
A negro named Anderson. VINO
gave himself up. is held pending
report Of the coroner's inquest
which Is now being held.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
WASHoUT, RESULTS IN =
WRECK; CARS BURNED

SAVANNAH. Ca. Oct. lS.-Re.
ports received here early today said
a wreck had been caused on the
Savannah and Atlanta railway by n
washout near Springfield.
Several cars are said to have been
burned.
A relief train has been sent from
here, but officials said no details ar
available, owing to interruption OF
communications.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18
MRS. ROSTER ON TRIAL
FOR DOUBLE KILLING

PHILADELPHIA. Oct. 1S.-The
trial OF Mrs. Catherine Roster.
charged with the murder Of her hus.
band, Oscar. and his stenographer.
Mildred Geraldine Reckitt. January
81 last. commenced today before
Judge Barratt in quarter sessions
court.
The Washington times., 1922-10-18

A gentleman seventy years
-old threw a stone at hen In
, his front yard and dropped
dead. We know that the
trouble was with his heart. and
that old gentlemen should
neither get angry nor strain
themselves throwing stones.
Once it would have been
thought that a Just but angry
destiny had punished him for
trying to kill the harmless
chicken. We are learning
slowly.
Mr.. Billy Miske, who made
good living as a prize fighter
but has now entered the sore
ard yellow Of prize fightin =.
which cores in tte late tv'er''~-
wants to "come ba"';." W ~",-
he l. dctermine' I" e. ' .,
Dempsey nnd prove = 80
ss ~~od Sc Re cvcr B.
Re wo-'t do II. C"'' do l.
r. ''.,~ deronds c~ -" F,eed
a." h;~I rcr..cs '.'' fror,
y 1t. ~ fist = e., rnrr',
III doris Y" 90 N"c, ~
! - % iri."~. fr'"nr no
II nerve tissue,
The Washington times., 1922-10-18

Fair tonight and Thurs.
day; cooler tonight, with
frost; moderate northwest
winds.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
DOUGLAS PLAYERS
WILL GIVE SHOW;
JUNEAU DOUGLAS

The Senior class play, What Hap
pened to JONES' is to be presented
ait the Liberty Theater in Douglas
tomorrow night and at the Coliseum
Theater in Juneau Saturday night.
The play begins promptly at 1880
D. IN. in Juneau in order to complete
its program in time for the American
Legion smoker which begins immedi-
ately after the play.
The IS members of the cast have
been practicing daily to give an ex-
cellent presentation of Samuel
French's farce comedy in three acts
The play has been very popularity
received everywhere it has been pre-
scented After two months of learn
ing parts and Interpreting charac-
tiers, the members of the cast now
feel we'll acquainted with every line
and situation With the play clearly
in their own minds, the cast will be
able to convey it to the audience in
a manner that will afford the great
est pleasure.
The play is a series of laughs and
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
Mine Company Wins in
Big Damage Suit;
Jury Decides Quickly

The Alaska-Juneau Gold Min
ing Company was adjudged not
liable for any damages by the
jury in the case brought against
it by Emil Kjander in a verdict
returned yesterday evening IN
the U. S. District Court. Inc
plaintiff claimed permanent per-
sonal injuries were suffered by
him in the slide from the COM
pany's property wrecking build
ings on lower Front Street in
January, 1920, for which he
asked $4,000.
The case was in progress IN
the local court for several days,
beginning the middle of last
week. The evidence was all IN
on Tuesday afternoon and argu-
ments in the case were con-
cluded yesterday The jury de-
liberated about 80 minutes be-
fore bringing in its verdict free
ing the company from liability.
Henry Roden appeared for the
plaintiff, whilo Hellcnthal Il
HellenIthal represented the min
ing company
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

Clever turns from beginning to the
end With touch of excitement in
the career OF an old professor in
which Clifford Anderson is. taking
that part, and with more than a
touch CT romance; with Una Grove
as the professor wife, Mary Vesoja
as the flirtatious Cissy, Arthur Mel
son as the hero of romance, Sadie
Palmbom as the heroine, Harold Gall
was in the leading roll as Jones and
Bin Manley as the bishop of Behart,
what more is wanted.
AS for the remainder of the char
acters in what Happened to Jones"
they are all good
Tickets are on sale at Cartwright's
in Juneau and the Douglas Jeweller
in Douglas.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
ONE CHARGE IN
JONES CASE MAY
NOT Be PRESSED
Indicated Manslaughter In
dictment May Be Dropped
will Change Plea.

1T was indicated in the District
Court this morning that the indict-
ment might dismissed charging
Dan Jones b. ltiI manslaughter in con
nection with The death last January
of Mrs. Mary Williams, a native wo-
man, whose death was said by cor
oner's jury to have resulted from
drinking moonshine. Henry Roden,
attorney for Jones, told Judge T. M.
Reed this morning that Jones was
ready to withdraw his former plea
of not guilty to a second indictment
charging violation of the prohibition
laws on stipulation by the govern
ment that the manslaughter charge
would be dropped.
U. S. Attorney A. G. Shoup indicat-
ed that this procedure would be &C
ceptable to the government. Judge
Reed announced that the matter
would be taken up Saturday morn
ing. The trial of Jones on the sec
ond indictment was set for today,
but was postponed pending the out
come of Mr. Roden's offer.
Appeal Case Being Heard
The case of the U. S. against Bart
Kirby, appealed from the u s. Com
missioner's Court at Haines, was
taken UP in the District Court this
afternoon, Henry Roden appearing
For the defendant Kirby was con-
vic'ted elf violation of the Alaska Bone
Dry Law in the lower court and sen
fenced by Commissioner Ripinsky to
pay fine of 5000 and to six months
imprisonment.
"A jury was secured today com
posed of: A. J. Sprague, l.. w. Kill
burn, e. A. Adams, George Dull,
Clyde H. Rogers, G. l.. Alexander, J.
A. Lebeau, Martin Itjen, Guy Nc
Naughton, Lee Gault, Nick Triers-
chield and l.. f. Hudson. 1t was ex-
pected that the case would be com
pleted by tonight
New Names Drawn
Twelve new names were drawn
from the jury box this morning for
addition to the regular petit jury
panel. The new talesmen were or
dered to report for duty Monday
morning. Those drawn were: w. A.
Selfridge, L. II. Smith, F. S. Wilson.
Walter belong. NJ. S. Wilson, Emil
jacobson, c. E. Carpenter, w. J.
Maynard, Rev. David Waggoner, John
Torvinen, James l.. Manning and p.
c. Dalgard. Several of the out-of-
town members of the regular petit
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
COLE JUMPS TO
THIRD POSITION
ON C. 0.P. TICKET
Legislative Race Close-Pel-
ley Noses Out Ashley
Maltby Is Runnerup.

Returns received late yesterday
evening by The Empire from Craig
virtually assured the nomination OF
Cash Cole for Territorial Representa-
tive on the Republican ticket and
advanced E. NJ Policy, of Sitka, from
sixth place on the ticket to fourth.
The vote at Craig was heavier than
had been expected and both Cole
and Policy were given large plurali'
ties there.
"a E. Maltby, who was in third
place on the ticket in the returns
received up to p. m. yesterday,
was headed by both Cole and Policy
and Howard Ashley, of Skagway, in
fourth place yesterday, dropped back
to sixth place. The Craig vote also
further increased the lead held by
Frank Aldrich over A P. Kasheva-
rolf
Standing of Candidates
AT late hour this afternoon the
standing of the candidates for the
Territorial Legislature was:
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
ANOTHER LARGE MINE
DISTRICT FOR HYDER

"A big amalgamation scheme has
two large properties on the Bear
River and a company lis being in
corporated to carry on development
work with a view to making of it a
second Promicr mine, according to
the Prince Rupert News
The name of the new company is
Dunwell Mines Limited. 1t will ac-
qrtre the group of claims hitherto
held by the Dunwell syndicate on
Glacier Creek and the property of
the Stewart M. and d. These adjoin
each other and at the intersection
CT the veins is supposed to be the
Big ore body just as it was in the
Premier mine.
Work Already Done
About 1000 feet of underground
work was done on the Stewart group
10 years ago and since then the prop
erty has been idle.
Considerable surface work has been
lone on the Dunwell claims and last
season tho main showing was
stripped for about 300 feet.
The similarity of the ore occur
rences on this property and at the
Premier mine has led to investiga-
tions which have resulted in the for
nation of the Dunwell Mines Linn
tied.
The new company is capitalized at
$3.50, 900 The holdings consist of IA
mineral claims, some of which are
crown granted Active development
work will be begun about May 1.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

and have been a continual source OF
pleasure to the youngsters since that
time.
A committee was appointed to draw
up a tentative program for the new
club year and to Ibe submitted at the
next meeting of the club, May 10.
Annual election of officers will be
held at the next meeting.
Several new names have been add
ed to the membership list of the club
during the month, according to a
statement made today by Mrs. Jose
phine Valentine, president.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
WOMAN'S CLUB WILL
FIX UP FAIRGROUNDS:
MEETING YESTERDAY

The Juneau Woman's Club met
yesterday afternoon in the council
chambers, City Hall.
A committee was appointed to de-
wise ways and means for fixing up
the two public Fairgrounds, on Fifth
and Gold Streets and in the Casey
Shattuck addition at the end of Will
loughby Avenue. The Fairgrounds
were given to the children of Juneau
by the Juneau Woman's Club in 1916
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
Bullet Removed from
Side of Premier Lenine

RIGA, April 27-Premier Lenine,
of Soviet Russia, was operated upon
yesterday for a bullet which has
troubled him for years The bullet
was extracted from his left side. Ac-
cording to advices received from
Moscow, Lenine was doing well at
the last accounts.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
DOUGLAS ENTERS PLEA OF
NOT GUILTY; TRIAL SET

Roy Douglas, arrested in raid on
a Douglas Island still Tuesday by
Federal prohibition agents, was ar
raingned before U. S. Commissioner
V. A. Paine today and entered plea
Of not guilty to a charge of violation
of the Alaska Bone Dry Act. He was
represented by Judge John r. VIM.
Judge Paine set the case for hearing
next Monday morning.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
HooNAH RETURNS IN

PORT ALTHORP, Ais, April 81
(via Radio)-Sutherlan carried Hoo
nah by one vote in Tuesdays primar-
les. The complete Republican vote
follows: Drayton /, Galen 8, Suth-
eriand 10, Aldrich II, Kashevaroff
"A. Ashley Is, Cole 10, Grant 8, John
son IL. Maltby Is, Policy 10, Shepard
o. Timer o.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
SCOW BAY RETURNS

PETERSBURG, April 27.-The fol-
lowing vote was pooled in the Re-
publican primaries Tuesday at Scow
Bay: Drayton 3, Galen 3, Suther-
land Is, Aldrich 8, Kashevaroff g.,
Ashley 3, Cole 8. Johnson 10, Maltby
5, Policy 20, Shepard g.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
CRAIG POLLS BIG VOTE

CRAIG, Ais, April 27-The vote
on the divisional candidates in the
Republican primaries Tuesday fol
lows: Aldrich rs, Kashevaroff 40,
Ashley IL. Cole LOG, Grant III, John
son Is, Maltby 81, Policy SO, Shep-
ard 81, Ulmer "a.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
THE BEST SPRING TONIC
Beef, Iron and Wine

This admirable preparation, so
successfully used for years, has
now become almost a necessity to
that class of people who require
a mild but efficient tonic. 1t
combines the virtues of fresh
beef, sherry wine and iron. 1t
strengthens but does not consti-
pate. It's use in convelescence,
anemia, dyspepsia, loss of appe-
tite, nervousness and as a general
tonic is known and recommended
everywhere.
We have just received a fresh
supply.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
DEvOTION!

NEWARK. Ohio, April ~
Illness, brought on by exposure
from frequent visits to the
grave of his little daughter, to-
day caused the death of James
II. Watts, % years old, farm
or near Newark. Throughout
the winter Watts visited the
cemetery every other day re-
CARELESS of weather
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
SHEPARD LEADS cHIcHAeoF

CHICHAGOF, April 27.-The vote
in Tuesdays Republican primaries
was: Drayton /, Galen II, Suther-
land %, Aldrich s, Kashevaroff 26,
Ashley 10, Cole Is, Grant 16, Johnson
S, Maltby ~, Policy Ii, Shepard 30.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
STORE CLOSED FRIDAY.

The Boston Store will be closed
all day Friday, account big Spring
Clearance Sale beginning Saturday
morning adv
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
Bronze Bust of Pulitzer
Is in St. Louis Memorial

ST. LOUIS, Nc, April PA
bronze bust Of the late Joseph Pulit-
ger. owner of the ST. Louis Post Dis
patch and the New York World, has
been placed on exhibition in Jeffer-
son Memorial here by the Missouri
Historical Society. Frederick Bias
chke of Budapest, Hungary, was the
sculptor.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

Shepard Continues to Lead
II. r. Shepard continued to hold
the lead given him in the early re-
turns and lis SO votes ahead of w
D. Grant of Wrangell in second place
Mr.. Grants vote in the Craig precinct
was LII, Shepard getting but 81. In
other returns received today, how
ever, the local man recovered part
of his decrease.
The Delegate, Race
Returns received by The Empire
late yesterday from Nome showed
that Delegate Sutherland had carried
the Second Division by a large per
centage. On the incomplete returns
received ut is apparent that Mr..
Sutherland has swept all four divi-
sions. The missing precincts cannot
alter the result and will probably add
to the Delegates majority.
The total delegate vote by Divi-
sion as reported today is:
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

Thomas b. Drayton, the Seward
candidate, polled in all the divisions
combined, 1853 votes
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

r. B. Bell, who has been connected
w h Alaska cannerfes for the last
35 years, since he erected the first
cannery at Wrangell, has returned to
the latter place where he will be
associated with the Alaska Sanitary
Packing Company.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

jury panel who have served since the
opening of the present term last
month were excused from further
jury duty.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
ALL DEMOCRATS MUST NOW
WALK PLANK, is REPORT

WASHINGTON. April 27.-It is re-
ported that all Democrats and others
not in sympathy with the present
political power will be discharged
from office shortly This will mean
the dismissal of approximately 1000
Democrats in all ranks of the gov
eminent service. including that of
prohibition enforcement.
President Harding has determined
upon a "house cleaning" regardless
of any criticism, it is said
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27
AUTO FOR HIRE.

Phone 257, Bob Turner.
1t does not cost any more to ride
in my new 1922 Big-Six 7passenger,
disc-wheel Studebaker car than 1t
does in any other car, and it is a
pleasure. Office next to Boston
Store. adv.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

At the Ladies' Altar Society gooGy
sale aturday-cakes, pies. bread.
The Alaska daily empire., 1922-04-27

Thrift Is not the result OF hoard
ing. Real thrift is in careful study
Of store news for the best values.
, 1922-08-10

IL OF record in the office OF the
Clerk and Ex-officio Register Of
Deeds Of Sweetwater County. Wyom-
ing, at page sos "B-M" OF the rec
ords in the office OF said Clerk Of
Sweetwater County. Wyoming.
That the said claim and premises,
together with the surface ground
therein contained and for which
patent application IL to be made. Is
bounded As follows:
On the North by Mesa Placer OIL
Claim No. 3. being the Northeast
Quarter (NEA) Of Section :. Town
ship 26 North. Range 90. West Of the
Sixth Principal Meridian: ON the
West by Rawlins No. 1o4 Placer
Mining Claim. being the Southwest
Quarter (SWh) of Section ;. Town
ship 26 North. Range 80 West of the
Sixth Principal Meridian; on the
South by Soldier No. 2 Oil Placer
Mining Claim. being the Northeast
Quarter (NEA) Of Section 10.
20 North. Range 90 West
of the Sixth Principal Meridian; on
the East by Rawlins No. los Placer
Mining Claim. being the Southwest
Quarter (sWA) Of Section 2.
26 North. Range 80 West
OF the Sixth Principal Meridian.
Any and all persons claiming ad-
verse to the above named The Bair
Oil Company and to the above oil
placer mining claim and premises, or
any part or portion thereof. are
hereby notified that unless their ad-
verse claims are duly filed in the
office Of the Register and Receiver Of
Public Lands at Cheyenne, Wyom-
ing. according to law and regulations
made by the Department Of tho In
terror in regard to such matters. and