davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
Of TWenty-eight Presidents,
Seventeen Went to College

The record is interesting, but there is no
rule or law to be deduced from it for thus
designating the scholarship of American Presi-
dents Whom the colleges choose to honor they
choose to honor, and there's an end ont Here
is the complete record. It's perusa will prob
ably surprise most readers that SO many of the
Presidents-seventeen out of the twenty-eight
had received college training in youth; the
wrong impression still exists in many quarters
that a majority of the American Presidents
were not college-bred men.
George Washington never attended college,
never took any instruction in the ancient Ian
guages. His schooling was meager, yet at
seventeen he was one of the most accurate lard
surveyors in Virginia Long before he became
President the Colonial seats Of learning recog-
nized his greatness. Harvard led the way by
making him Doctor OF Laws in 1776 Yale
followed suit in 1881, the University of Penn
sylvania in 1888 and Brown in 1890. And be-
fore his death Washington College, of Mary
land, also honored itself by giving Its namesake
the highest degree it could bestow.
John Adams was graduated from Harvard
in 1885. His alma mater, in recognition Of
his scholarly attainments and public services,
gavs him an LII. d. in 1851. He received the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
THE LOST PROVINCES OF FRANCE
ARE FINDING THEMSEL IVES
By EUGENE JOLAS

49,. s WTLHELMSTRAsSE planning po-
litical invasion of Alsace- Lorraine? Pre-
rnier Poincare's warning to Americans to
-AA ignore the historical lies Of German
rropagandists about the morale Of the "lost
provinces" has reopened the problem from
new angle. While still staggering under the
burden Ct the postwar period Germany has
embarked upon an offensive for fhe reconquest
of Alsace- Lorraine
Masking their hectic attempts under the
guisc of altruism, group of former German
residents of the two provinces food the world
with manifestoes and pamphlets asking for
the political autonomy of Alsace-Lorraine.
Haden-Bade and Karlsruhe, on the other side
of the Rhine, are the cities from which this
campaign is proceeding, aided and abetted by
the German Foreign Office.
This became apparent recently when the
French secret police unearthed plot Matched
in Prussia contemplating the moral and eco
nomic reattachment of the two provinces to
Germany. The "Hemat- Dienst," or Home
Service" was found to have originated in the
Wilhelmstrasse, whence trained corps Of in
vestigators and propagandists were sent to the
Sarre Valley and Alsace-Lorraine with the
avowed purpose of keeping awake the national
spirit through the channels of highly incendi-
airy pamphlets.
With the arrest of the chief propaganda
the movement was given a setback, although
French officials claim that the spies Of the
"Heinat- Dienst' are scattered all over the
provinces A high court at Sarrebrucke, Sarre
Valley, sentenced the head of the propaganda
service to twenty years at hard labor 'in con-
tumaciam," but he succeeded in making his
escape across the Rhine.
There is little doubt that the campaign for
independence has found favor among the
population of Alsace and Lorraine. Although
during the process Of readjustment mistakes
undoubtedly were made by the French admin
istration, the feeling among the people is one
of affection for France and pride in the re-
attachment to the motherland.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
The Peace Thaf FollolOs
A Chastity Nightmare

While Germany is mourning the 'lost land"
this melancholy emotion finds no echo in the
hearts Of the citizens she has lost, for the
destruction Of the Prussian spirit which once
Haunted it's arrogant banners in military
parades and tyrannous bureaucracy has left
the little country in the morning peace that
follows CHASTITY nightmare.
Alsace-Lorraine is now slowly cropping back
to its new, postwar orientation-a process
that already has caused many pangs and mo-
ments of volcanic troubles, but is beginning
to-day to crystalline itself. The intensive
struggle once waged between the natives and
the Immigrants" from the German side, be-
tween horde Of pedantic, muddling officials
from the interior and the sensitive people of
the "crownland' has, resolved itself into the
dazed attempt of the liberated citizens to re-
adjust themselves to the new era
One of the outstanding phases of Europe's
reconstruction is the amazing skill with which
the national metamorphosis of smaller coun-
tries, reabsorbed into the motherland, was
effected within comparatively brief space of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
MAKING DOCTORS OF PRESIDENTS
BEGAN WITH WASHINGTON
By C. w. HARRIS

same degree from Dartmouth in 1882, from
Yale in 1888 and from Brown in 1877.
Thomas Jefferson was classical student in
childhood, retained his love for learning as
long as he lived, and throughout his life was
deeply Interested in the cause of education, for
which he did more than any other of the early
Presidents. After retiring from the Presidency
ne founded q university and directed that the
words Father Of the University of Virginia"
should be inscribed on his tomb. He entered
William and Mary College in an advanced
class at the age of seventeen and was gradu-
ated in l762. Just twenty years later that col
lege gave him an LII. D. Yale did likewise in
1885, Harvard and Brown in 1887, and Prince
ton, then the College of New jersey in 1901.
James Madison was graduated from the Col
lege of New Jersey in It'll, and was honored
by that college with the Doctorate of Laws in
1887. There is no record of any other collie
giate honor for him.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16

time. In some cases the separation ..
and parent" was less than centurr, -, enid
the commissions Of the World War CIV. Nv 0aen
political and economic system Of the CO... 'ns
The process Of assimilation was ,ot '"s'asns
tirely completed under the regime Of -, ss' en-
queror, when, 10! a new Administered we con-
in and necessitated another CHANCE 0ufst
Such is the dilemma Of Asaee,
day. These rich and beautifpl "s 70
wrested from France by Bismarck st. times
manys victorious campaigns of 187oy7r ss''
again the problem Of political eb.s lace
though it was admitted, even under tbs ~ ~, AZ
regime, that all attempts to conple,.l. Haises
slanize the country had failed. 'a'-
1t is not generally known. hou.u. ).
Alsace-Lorraine consists, properlv .s.., snas
Of two different countries-Alsacs srsasiag,
raine-which only a common fate h.. lof
together. When the separation frora ~ s''osd
was effected, it was only natural 49, s'shes
should cling togther, and it ia natb..;aas say
pealing to listen to oratorcal srelIh;~ssas ~
political meetings to-day golernnize ~ -
Of common sufferings they underwor4 s.sS
1918 N' before
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
Rutherford 3. Hayes Was
Four Times an LII. y.

Rutherford Birchard Hayes was graduated
from Kenyon College in 1912 and from Harv-
ard Law School in 1845 He received the
LII. D. from Kenyon in 1868, from Harvard in
1877, from Yale in 1880 and from Johns Hop
kins in 1881.
James Abram Garfield, in spite of early dis
advantages of the heaviest kind-the STRUGGLES
CT poverty and frontier life and the death of
his father while he was mere child-managed
to enter Williams College in June, 1854 when
he was twenty-three, in class two years ad-
vanced. He was graduated in 1856 Williams
made him Doctor of Laws in 1872. The Unit
versity OF Pennsylvania also honored him thus
in 1881.
Chester Alan Arthur was graduated from
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
illustrations by MERLE JOHNSON

TO another garden and finishes three rutabaeas
up on the local pro they give him banquet
ana invite guests by the dozens, making sure
rhat all the sporting reporters from the city
newspapers are given good time
When there isn't match or q tournament
the members play practice rounds, dropping
thelr cards into the box, so that the handicap
committee can figure out how many turnips or
squashes they ought to be allowed when thew
enter the big competitions that are run off
every summer
VI course, the game would not be anv sort
OF satisfactory substitute for golf if it was
made too easy, SO hazards are created in the
shape OF barrels Of Goblin moths and woollv
aphls and slugs and tomato worms which are
loosed at various times in each garden and al
lowed to attack the vegetables until the skill
OF the players overcomes them and finds wav
to win.
All the members talk together eagerly about
their games and their implements, which thew
nave given Scotch names, like spade and
rakelick and grubber, which, of course, makes
1t much more pleasant to use them.
Jones and Brown have both of them pressed
guest cards on me all through the summer
and begged me to come and cultivate over their
course with them, but somehow or other in
spite OF the allurements of the pastime I find
| can waste my tpe more enjoyably PLAYING
the od-fashioned game.
Copyright. 1919, by James j. Montnone1
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
A Long Jump From
Pierce to Wilson

Dartmouth gave its doctorate of laws to
Presidents Adams, Monroe, Piarce and Wilson.
Union College has honored with the same de-
gree Van Buren,, Grant, Arthur and Taft.
Columbia thus honored Lincoln, Johnson and
Roosevelt. Williams College has conferred the
LII. D. on Garfield and Wilson and an L. H. D.
on Roosevelt. Presidents Hayes and Taft were
made doctors of laws by Johns Hopkins and
Woodrow Wilson took a Ph.D. from that uni
versity in course.
In this field of scholastic honors for Presi-
dents, as in some other fields also, all prece-
dents We're broken by Theodore Roosevelt. He
was the first President, or ex-President, of the
United States to be honored for scholarly, at
tanments by any foreign university, having
received honorary degrees from no less than
five universities in Europe and one in South
AmCrca-namely, Cambridge, Oxford Leipsic,
Berlin Christiania and Buenos Ayres. The
only other President who ever received like
honor from any institution of learning not
situate within the United States is Mr.. Taft,
whom McGill University at Montreal, con-
ferred an LII D. in 1918. Roosevelt was also
the most doctored by the colleges of all the
men who have been President, having been
honored for his learning with larger num-
Der and greater variety of degrees than any
other. Before his death he had accumulated no
less than nineteen honorary doctorates and
was entitled to write after his name fourteen
Ii. DIS, one l.. H. D., one D. C. L., two PHI
DIS (Hon.) and one S. D. (Hon), besides the
original A B. with which he was graduated
from Harvard.
Chief Justice Taft thus far has received
fourteen honorary degrees, and next to Roose-
velt's has the largest collection of such titles
to distinction yet acquired by any of our
Presidents. Mr.. Wilson follows him rather
closely with twelve honorary doctorates, all of
which it is somewhat curious to note were
conferred upon him before his election to the
Presidency. His total is more than twice the
highest number Of honorary degrees given by
the colleges of the country to any President
before Roosevelt. Washington, jefferson and
Mckinley each received five degrees John
Adams and Rutherford B. Hayes each received
four. James Monroe James Buchanan and
Ulysses S. Grant received three each. Five
other Presidents (before Mr.. Harding) re-
ceived two each, seven received one each and
four of the nations Chief Magistrates man.
aged to end their days without any recog-
milton of learning or achievement from the
colleges.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
Visitors See Opposition
To Everything German

Inc Aisatians' with their beautiful e.n,..,
OF Strasbourg, like to call thernss,,,e. a.,'
mans" to indicate their descent fr,-- aug
"hich fought the Roman invaders with su,,
"arve!ous courage. The Lorrainers ,h..s
orotners-in-arms, are temperamentaIlv -,
raciaily OF different caliber The Ianpuso.. !.
the two sections, fundamentally q er,s.,s
perverted German, have very little IN .,r.-.s' s
due to their dialects and generous adr,,~..'-s7
of French N'''~ 'u's
The visitor to Alsace-Lorraine ,od.- !,
struck with the opposition to ever,,b;,. - .
man. In streetcars, taverns, Offices. n.
halser's language is taboo The home n.,o;.
long under seal during the Kaiser day, =
again the semi-official language.
When the present writer. after an 1885,.
OF ten years, returned to Alsace- Lorrain. !.
Gently ne was struck with the amazing cb,,..
IN the general complexion of the Count.
Short shrift had been made Of tho -,
German nomenclature, and the symbols Of r.
french Republic seemed entirely in place III.
Lano0ag," once the legislative BODY. had
vanished. The district presidents had \.
come "prefets," the "Kreisdirektorena NAV.
now sous -prefets"; the "Bezirkstagev ,ue,.
now 'conseils generaux" the "Kreistsoau
were "conseils d'arondissementn: the af,sr,si,.
oeraete" were "conseils nunicinanvp IL.
hatnaus' had again taken its former name
OF hotel de Ville"; street names which had
oiazoned forth the symbols of Prussian eon.
quests were reverently changed nto names
reminiscent of the days before 1870 or had
ADOPTED names prominent in the World War.
e''ies ana towns reverted to the names thew
had before the foundation of the Third Re-.
public.
But underneath these outward changes ther
was also deep and fundamental retamor.
Pnosls which may be described as spiritual
Inc currents of life had been diverted into
new channels. The neurotic tension of tbs
war days had snapped and the situation was
cleared
Rapidly the country was being cleared of Tho
vast crowd of German citizens and officials-
teachers, priests, business men, manufactures
who had regarded the "Reichsand" as Their
special prey for exploitation. The famous
Bridge Of Kehl, near Strasbourg, was the scene
OF many expUlsions while the weedingout
process was going On. Here rabid friends Of
CITIZEN Hohenzollern saw their last glimpse
OF the beautiful Alsatian country, where once
they strutted about supreme.
A whole archaic civilization fled helser-
skeiter beyond the Rhine, leaving the country
IN state of chaos, and a new and victorious
civlilzation had to adjust itself to trench
oous' volcanic renovation of ideas and sys-
TENS.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
Dartmouth, HARVARD, Princeton
"Doctored" James Monroe

James Monroe entered William and Marv
College at the age of sixteen and left college
two years later to take lieutenant's commits
sion IN the continental Army. Yet he is on the
roll OF the college as having received his A. r
degree IN the year IT'S. Harvard made him
Doctor OF Laws in 1917, Dartmouth in the
same year and Princeton in 1922.
'ohn quincy Adams was graduated from
harvard In 1887 Princeton conferred the
LII. ID. upon him in 1906 and Harvard rather
tardlly did the same in 1922.
andrew jackson had practically no school,
ing IN his youth, and according to the SLAM
oerous legend still heard at times he was tho
most llllterate of all the Presidents. He had
picked up enough learning to try school teach
ing IN his teens and he was admitted to nrac-
tlce law when he was twenty Harvard was
glad to honor him with the doctors deproe
which it did in 1888.
Martin Van Buren, received good academic
eoucatlon, Tor the time, and began the study
OF law at fourteen. Union College honored
him with his only degree, an ILL., D., in 1914,
william Henry Harrison, whom his par
ents intended to make physician. studied
Tor a time at Hampden- Sidney College (Vir-
glnla), but there is no perfect record of the
date OF his entrance or the length of his stav.
Soon after the Indian War broke out, when
ne was about nineteen, he laid aside his books
to join St. Clair's army at Fort Washington.
near Cincinnati, and opportunity never came
Tor MN to resume his studies He was the
hrst OF the Presidents who never received a
degree from any college
John Tyler was graduated from William and
Mary College in 1906. There is no record that
he ever received any other than his bache-
lor's degree.
James Knox Polk was graduated from the
University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill.
with the highest honors of his class, in 1918.
lie received an Ii. D. from his alma mater
in 7847.
Zachary Taylor never had any schooling but
that of modest home in the forest wilder
ness He was the first President to be elected
solely on military reputation, and he died
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16

hring an Italian gardener to sell their garden
tools to them. He buys rakes and trowels and
spades at the wholesale price, varnishes them
and stamps his name OF them, and sells them
to the garden club members at So an ;mn,e-
ment in advance
FOR % an hour he will teach them to swing
mattock and assure them that if they keep
1t up for twenty years they will win all the
cups offered by the club.
Now and then, when he is feeling in par
tlcularly good humor, he will dig around the
course with them or get his friends with hio
regulations to come over to the club and spade
an exhibition row Of lettuce plants.
Just at present none Of the courses are over
crowded, and there is no trouble in getting a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
BY JAMES ]. MONTAGUE

~ OFF is not absolutely necessary There
q " are people who get along without it.
~ Some of them live to green old ages,
too. No golfer will believe that, but
it is true just the same
Two of my neighbors scout the idea that
golf is any more fascinating than vegetable
gardening.
When pointed out to them that vegetable
gardening is unsatsfying because it lacks the
gambling complex they told me that thew bet
on gardening just as golfers bet on holes and
added scores.
Jones, who lives next door to me, is ALREADY
ten cabbages up and eleven to grow on Brown.
VINO lives three doors up the street, At sb
cabbage that is 500 ahead but he thinks that
Brown will pick up a cabbage now and then
before the first of October, when that particu-
lar game ends
Both OF them insist that they get Just as
tired and nearly as dirty in playing round of
string beans or onions as / do in PLAYING
round of golf.
OF course, they have no caddies to blame
wnen they drop row of potatoes or TOP an
asparagus patch with hoe, but thew can AL
ways take their i'll temper out on the family
If any member of it is Standing around to
watch them play
They club together to supply the profession
al feature, which makes golf so alluring. by
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16
w~ yARRBN G. HARDING, upon whom
VA Princeton University, Friday
Wv June 8, conferred the honorary de-


VA/ Princeton University, on Friday,
Wv June 8, conferred the honorary de-
gree of Doctor Of Laws, is the
twelfth President Of the United States to hold
this degree from Princeton. though some of
his predecessors received the distinction many
years before attaining the Presidency, and
some not until after their terms in the highest
Office of the nation had expired. The eleven
others were Thomas jefferson, who was hon
ored with an LII. D. in 1871 Che was then Sec
rotary Of State in Washington's Cabinet and
did not become President until ten years
later); James Madison, in 1887; James Mon
roe, in 1922; John Quincy Adams, in 1906;
James Buchanan, in 1850; Abraham Lincoln,
in 1864; Chester Alan Arthur, in 1854; Grover
Cleveland, in 1897; Benjamin Harrison, in
1889; William Howard Taft, in 1912, and
Woodrow Wilson, in 1910.
Also, with this bestowal of doctorate on
President Harding, Princeton establishes
new record for the highest number of such
honors given to Presidents of the United
States by any one college or university. Harv
ard comes next, with eleven Presidents num-
bered among it's honorary alumni, namely:
Washington, John Adams, Jefferson, Monroe,
John quincy Auams jackson, Hraht, aayes'
Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson
Yale stands third in the list of colleges that
have thus doctored the nations Chief Execu-
tives with honorary degrees, having conferred
the LID. on eight presidents, as follows:
Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Hayes, Nc
Kinley Roosevelt Taft and Wilson.
Brown University and the University of
Pennsylvania have each bestowed the same de-
gree on five Presidents Those receiving this
honor from Brown were Washington, Adams,
Jefferson Taft and Wilson. Pennsylvania
list is Washington, Garfield, Roosevelt, Taft
and Wilson.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1922-07-16

too soon after taking Office for the colleges to
discover whether he possessed qualities Of
Craftsmanship worthy of their recognition.
Millard Fillmore, owing to the poverty of
his family, had no early educational advan-
tages. Yet he was an Unsuitable student, and
long before his political elevation he had
made himself one of the most eminent lawyers
of New York State. He was man who would
probably have appreciated collegiate honors
more than most, but he never received any.
Franklin Pierce was a graduate of Bowdon
College in the class of 1924. In 1853 Bowdoin
gave him an LII. d. Dartmouth also in 1860
thus honored him.
James Buchanan was graduated from Dick
inson College, Carlisle, Pa, in 1909. A doc
torate was conferred upon him by Dickinson
in 1912, by Rutgers College in 1849 and by
Princeton in 1850.
Abraham Lincoln had only the scantiest op-
portunities for education, and probably never
saw even the outside of college until middle
life. Not until he was twenty-five did his
circumstances permit him to take up the study
Of law. Columbia honored him with doc
tors degree in 1851 and thereby entered the
list Of the schools SO signalling Presidential
attainments. Princeton also gave Lincoln an
LII. D.. in 1864.
Andrew johnson probably had less book
learning than any other President. He never
went to school, but was apprenticed to tailor
when ten years old, and not until, after his
marriage could he either read or cipher, his
wife teaching him those accomplishments. Co.
lumbia made him Doctor Of Laws in 1865.
Ulysses Simpson Grants early education
was merely that of the common schools of his
day, but by conjunction of favoring circum-
stances he was enabled to attend the United
States Military Academy at West Point, from
which he was graduated in 1s43 Union and
Bowdoin colleges conferred the LII. D. upon
him in 1865, and Harvard bestowed the same
degree in 1872.