davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
Rouble Flood Forces Russ
To Primitive Trading Form
Peasants Bartering in Grain-Soviet Govern
ment Must Reconstruct Financial and
Monetary Systems.

Now that the entrance of the
American Relief Administration
into Russia has, to a degree, opened
up that country. at least to the
knowledge of the outside world,
the situation of Russian currency
is made manifest. During the time
Russia was virtually closed to the
outside world the Bolshevik rouble
had n most indefinite value. In
deed, it seemed to have practically
no value at all Now that Lenin
has altered his economic policy
Russia in touch with the world,
value in foreign exchange, al
though that value is very slight
We read of one American dollar
being worth approximately 100000
roubles and wonder what govern
ment process has brought a cur
rency to such a pass. A writer in
recent number of the Deutsche
Allgemeine Zeitung discusses the
question of finances and summarizes
the actions of the Bolshevik gov
ernment which have brought Rus
sian currency to its present situa-
ton. He recalls the fact that the
early course of the Bolshevik gov
ernment was deliberate, con-
scious attempt to deprive the bank
notes of the country OF any value
by printing an unlimited number
of them. In this way the Bolshe-
Wiki expected to bring complete
naturalization in all domains of
public life and thus render cash
payments unnecessary. After the
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
1922 WILL DECIDE
WlRTH'S WARNING
Says Worlds Economic
Balance Is Linked
With Berlin's.
BY JOSEPH WIRTH.
Imperial Chancellor OF Germany.

BERLIN. Jan. THE year 1922
must decide whether Germany is 20
regain her importance in the worlds
markets. or whether she will be
doomed 20 anguish anl Consequent
ly forced To dump ner goods on the
market on account Of the reparations
payments.
r the Latter course ia forced upon
Germany. 1t will be impossible for
tire world to regain its economic bal
6nce. The economic crisis which is
st presen. hanging over the world
will become more serious.
That sa:h a dang. -ous develop
ment must be preve :.ci surely is
the wisf CT all the far seeing EaI-
els of the nations, who desire peace
The TWO outstanding evan. NJ the
year 1922 w.ich may have n DECISIVE
effect upon the progr $ OF all peo-
pie are:
First. a definite settlement Of the
disarmament question which the Pres
ident of the United States has un-
dertaken TO solve in far seeing man.
ner. and;
Second. the reconstruction OF eco
nomic peace within the world. The
German reparations problem is one
with the question Of reconstructing
economic peace
This reconstruction which the peo-
pie are longing for and which il
necessary for the betterment OF in
dustry. commerce. and labor every
where, can only be accomplished il
the large. economically broken down
European countries are included in
the plan of reconstruction.
1t is impossible to expect recon
struction of world economic relations
IL important nations are paralyzed and
more or less excluded from trade.
Tied up with this problem there
is also the problem OF meeting the
financial needs resulting from the
war. A great democratic spirit must
become manifest to- lead TO the de-
sired objective. Europe cannot be
reconstructed in spirit Of force.
On the contrary so long as such n
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
RED CROSS ELECTS
IN PRINCE GEORGES

HYATTSVILLE, Md, Jan. 1.-The
Prince Georges County Red Cross
Chapter has chosen these officers for
the ensuing year: Chairman, Guy
s. Meloy, Lanham; vice chairman,
Prof. c. P. Close, College Park; Sec
retary, Mrs. A. B. Gahan. Berwyn
(re-elected): treasurer, William S .
Hill. Upper Marlboro (re-elected)
Mr.. Meloy succeeds DR.. Thomas E
Latimer, of Hyattsville, who has
served two years as chairman. and
Prof Close succeeds Prof. Charles
s. Richardson, OF the University of
Maryland.
The following were elected to the
board Of directors: Prof. Charles s.
Richardson, E. s. Burroughs, Mrs l..
Edgar Brown. Mrs. Charles o. Ap-
pleman, George F. Won Osterman.
Mrs. N. NJ. Harrison. DIR. Thomas
f. Latimer. Franklin G. Tingley,
Mrs. Nalley, Mrs. Arthur Bowie,
Mrs. Claude Gilbert, DR.. A. F.
Woods. Mrs. Ward Davis, DR.. Harry
NJ. Bowen. Judge Fillmore Beall,
Summerneld D. Hall. T. Howard
Duckett, Miss Marjorie Zug. George
McCeney. W. r. Beattie. Mrs. Theo-
dore J. Vandoren, Prof. c. P. Close,
Mrs. Frank Wells aid Prof Nicholas
Orem. The board will meet at an
early date to make plans for the
yeads work.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
DEATHS

20 white.
Charles L. Miller, 78 years, rear 1851 st
s.v.
Jennie f. Padgett. 81 years, 1852 Maple
View pl. sc.
Sarah Amanda starr. 50 years, s14 z. Cap.
st.
Elizabeth Agnes Hersesheimer. 7 years.
ia Tenn ave. ne.
Walter Babbidge Shaw. SO years. 1880
Kenilworth ave. ne.
Benjamin L. Tiller. 2s years. on street.
14th and l NV.
Boies Peurose. 90 year,, wardmsn Park
Hotel.
George c. Buchanan. % years, AIbee Bldg.
Anna p. Cohman, IS years, 1346 Kenyon
st. NV.
Catherine ONO, 90 years. AT md St NV
Colored.
Martha Frances Hunter. 2e years, ia
Irving ST. NV.
Henry Gillispee. 4s years, 21e Capitol
ave. ne.
susan Lawson. s5 years. 1901 Meade st.
ne.
Alexander Stewart, 4s years. 500 3rd ST.
sw.
George s. Cant. 81 years. Tuberculosis
Hospt.
Louise Hodge. "a years, en- route Emer.
gency Hospt.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
BRIGHTER OUTLOOK
FOR FARMS Seen
Secretary Wallace Predicts
Better" But Not ''BOom"
Times in 1922.

When asked for a statement on
the prospects of the farmer in
1922 Secretary OF Agriculture Wal
lace said that no man whose opin-
ion is worth considering would
care to make any hard and fast
prophecies. He added. however,
that there are signs which indicate
that the coming year should be a
better one for the farmer and for
those who deal with him than was
1921. Among these hopeful signs
he mentioned the following:
Credit conditions are better
both through regular channels and
through the special agencies cre-
ated to meet the farmers needs.
Interest rates also are softening.
Reductions already made in
freight rates on farm products.
Cost of producing farm crops
will be lower relatively in 1922
than in 1921.
Probable reduction in the acre
age of some of the grains. thus
tending toward better prices.
Congress has indicated a will
lhsHeSs 70 ehdSt heipiu' iesiSio
ton"
Farmers" said Secretary Wal
lace. are coming to see more
clearly that the task of putting
farming on a sound business basis
is really up to them and that
through organization they can re-
duce marketin costs. In this
they will have increasing help
from She Department of Agricul-
ture and the various State agricul-
tural colleges.
In the industrial and financial
centers there is coming to be a
better understanding OF the i'm
portant part the farmer plays in
our general economic scheme. and
consequently a more intelligent and
sympathetic attitude toward him
and his problems.
With prices of farm products
falling and the future uncertain.
farmers have been restricting their
buying to bare necessities. with
the growing belief that prices have
hit bottom. buying will be resumed
and should increase in volume. and
manufacturers and retailers should
have better business this coming
year.
Everything considered. there.
fore, we can enter the new year In
spirit OF hopefulness and good
cheer. see nothing which indi,
Gates boom times for the farmer
in the near future. but there doe.
seem to be promise of better times
both for the farmer and for those
whose business is largely depend.
ent upon him."
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
LONDON WAKES UP
GROGGY ON JAN. ]

LONDON. Jan. 1.-London went to
church groggy and sore-hesded. after
the widest and wettest greeting of
the New Year since the war.
Revelers estimated at 10000 packed
West End hotels, which WED in elab-
orate entertainment Despite that.
the celebration falling on Saturday
threatened the English observance OF
the Sabbath.
The celebrations CONT 1ueI. uEham-
pcIII iy the police. until . a. -
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
PENROSE LAST
GREAT LEADER,
SAYS SULLIVAN
His Death Marks Rapid
Changes in Power in
U. S. Senate. /.
Continued from Page One.

continued from Page One.
depiored the situation. but Peiirose
was sensitive about his illness and
everybody liked him so that no one
woulu suggest he should abdicate
his responsibility.
Penrose in good health was A
very Dig man, and attractive In pro-
portion TO his resolute strength and
courage. He was a bachelor; power
was MS only child, and some of the
more intimate aspects Of his last
two years were as poignant as a
creek tragedy. Whenever his phys
tcal weakness overcame him, his
hrst interest was not ito let it in
terfere with his public duties. II
is a picturesque way OF putting it,
but 1t Is probably true that IL Pen
rose had come from California In
stead Of Philadelphia he woulo
have been one of the greatest
statesmen of his time. The mere
nearness of his home State. three
hours away, kept him a politician.
consuming his time in matters of
patronage and factions. Weaker
men gravitated to him like hungry
bees. consumed his time, and FED
upon his personality.
He had one of the best minds
that ever functioned on the Senate
hoor. Whenever he took part in
debate he beat his opponent by his
sheer directness of thinking and
boldness in expression. Probably
the greatest weakness he had was
his scorn OF weaker men, of men
less fortnight or otherwise lack
ing in the will power and strength
OF personality that he himself car
ried SO easily. Penrose in his prime
took the world as he found it
never compromised. au never
WINGED. To stand the gaff" was
as easy for him as eating a meal
or anything else in the days work.
Penrose didn't hate insurgents as
such. He merely despised some of
them because they were weak men,
or because he thought they were
"soreheads." or because he felt, ac-
cording to his way of thinking,
that they were hypocrites who
fooled the public.
1t is a striking fact that among
the few Senators for whom he ever
showed much affection was La Fol-
lette. He liked La Toilette because
he had many OF his own qualities
of directness, pugnacity. and intel
lectual integrity according to MS
light.
Penrose was a monumental hgure.
The history OF the country has al
ready been changed by his illness.
and will be more different yet be-
cause of his death.
Copyright. ls2a)
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
Citizens Indosse
Maryland Road
Urge Permanent Rod From
West TO soufhsf
State. -.

HYATTsvuLH. xd- ~ LA
permanent highway eennsoetns
western and Southern Mnyfsn6-
was endorsed at . largely sttsndsd
meeting Of taxpayers OF Hyasss-
vile and chiiIum dfs<tsts last
night.
At present the road from tSs
western corporate limits OF Hystts-
Vile TO Seeks Cornera Montgomery
County. is only partially OF per
manent nature. The unimproved
section is almost impasssNle DUR
ing winter and early spring. Per
sons travelling from Western Mary
land 20 Southern Maryland are now
compelled TO make the trip by way
of the District of Columbia, the
only portion of this road now i'm
proved being from Jackson's Cor
ner to the old Riggs schooIhouse
The distance 20 be improved is be-
tween two and a half and three
miles.
Petitions were circulated In the
territory affected today and liberal
ly signed. asking the commissioners
Of Prince Georges County TO recon-
mend to the State roads commits
sion construction OF this road as a
lateral highway under the 1890 act
These petitions will be presented 20
the commissioners in Marlboro on
Tuesday.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02

rouble fell. the Bolshevik theorists
believed that the approach to So
cialized production came nearer
through the elimination of a
monetary medium of exchange.
Rouble Flood Continues.
The writer says that they had
practically accomplished their pur-
pose of making their currency
worthless, only to find that the
people themselves substituted a
valuable, although crude. form of
currency by using a pood of grain
as "a unit of value. Then the Boil
sheviki saw that, instead of bring
ing about a socialized production,
they had thrust the country back
into the primitive economic condi-
tion of barter. The writer says
that. realizing this, the govern
ment at last saw the necessity of
reconstructing the financial and
monetary system. In August, he
says, Peoples Commissary for FL
nance Krestinski stated the gov
ernment's chief task was to raise
the value OF the rouble.
The prodieious issue OF Bolshe-
vik roubles is discussed in the
artlcIe as foilows:
"On November /. 1917, at the be-
ginning OF the Bolshevik regime,
the note circulation amounted to
R.22.5 milliards, while on January 1
Of the present year it had increased
to R.1,2ss.5 milliards. Tt appears.
therefore, not improbable that a
recent estimate of the note circula-
tion in Russia by Bolshevik
economist, who. basing his figures
on the percentual increase in 1920.
placed it at R-3,200 milliards on
August /, last, was correct These
astronomical figures, however, may
actually be too low in view of the
fact that the Bolshevik press esti-
mated the paper money manufac-
tured at RIBS milliards per day.
which gives a total for one month
alone OF about 375 milliards of
Soviet roubles."
Krestinski's View.
Commissary Krestinskrs view at
the August meeting was that: by
unceasing issues the paper money
in the country increased five and a
half times each year. but the pur-
chasing power Of the rouble de-
clined between ten and twelve
times each year. This was to be
explained by the diminishins
quantities of goods. The increase
OF production would retard the de-
probation Of the rouble. II success
attended the efforts to redevelop
industries to such an extent that
they could make profit it was
probable that the purchasing
power Of the rouble would decline
only two to two and a half times
in year. In that case the rouble
would suffice as . monetary unit
for home trade"
Apparently the Bolshevik rouble
although Tremendously deprecated
through imitation, is still. to some
extent, as Mr.. Krestinski hoped,
accepted within Russia as money.
Reports which have come through
from press correspondents bear out
that view.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02

of conditions which have forced
the foreign business of the coun-
try largely through the archaic
port of New York.
We now have a large merchant
marine and we must establish con-
ditions which will enable the ves-
sells of our commercial fleet to ope-
rate prof1tably, not only at the port
of New York, but at every port Of
the country which constitutes a
logical outlet for traffic. The great
port Of Norfolk, whose natural ad-
vantages are unsurpassed, has been
victim of our lack Of transporta-
tion policy devised in the interests
of the country as a whole. Like
wise the great ports of Boston,
Charleston. Savannah and Mobile
have been unable to take their
true places as outlets for the ter
ritory logically tributary to them
because of our remissness in al
lowing the powerful trunk lines
centering at New York to control
the situation.
We have committed a monu-
mental folly in permitting the as
sembling at one port Of the ship
ping resources Of a nation, and for
NAAo AclAy Vo NJ" bCdIlh6 -
burden amounting to hundreds of
millions of dollars annually. Freight
which should logically be shipped
from Portland, Boston, Norfolk,
Wilmington, Charleston, Savannah,
Jacksonville, Tampa and Mobile
directly to foreign destination now
proceeds by rail to New York at
great cost, because Ii cannot OBJ
tain a ship to destination from the
port which should receive the
traffic. Are we to content ourselves
with this situation or are we to
begin now to unravel the tangles
of our transportation situation and
lay the foundation on which all of
our important ports on the Allan
tic. Gulf and Pacific coasts and on
the Great Lakes may hope to per-
form their proper functions in the
interests of the country.
only in this way can we reduce
the excessive rail hauls that now
burden our traffic and handicap us
in foreign trade, and only in this
way can we bring about conditions
which will enable our large mer-
chant feet to operate successfully"
Detailed statistics have been
compiled by Representative Nelson
as showing that the cost of plac-
ing the railroads of the country in
condition properly to serve the
demands of the country far exceeds
the financial resources of the
country.
In reply to antagonistic propa-
ganda originating at the port of
New York, Representative Nelson
points out that New York would,
in fact. be benefited just as much
as the interior States and the
Northwest. He shows that the
present transportation facilities are
entirely Inadequate, and that the
country Is facing a Transportation
shortage greater than has ever
occurred in history, and that no
ADEQUATE steps have been taken to
meet it
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
Fatal Auto Accident
FOLLOIcs NeID Year Fete

PATERSON, N. J., Jan. 1.-One
man was killed and five others in
jured. one probably fatally, when the
automobile in which they were re-
turning from a New Year celebra-
tion at Hawthorne was struck by
a milk train at Riverside crossing
on the Susquehanna Railroad.
The car caught fire, and Lloyd
McCann received burns from which
he died later in hospital. John
H. Clark received a fracture of the
left shoulder and possible fracture
OF the skull. Richard p. Connors
received a fracture of the skull and
it is thought he may die.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
WILL TRY TO BREAK
EVERY AIR RECORD

NEW YORK, Jan. THE airplane
endurance record achieved by Pilots
Bertrand and Eddie stinson last week
may be merely an appetizer for the
latter.
stinson has announced he will try
next summer to break every exist
ing aviation record, including speed
for a closed course and altitude. He
believes he can achieve this with the
plane JL-6. which was used in set
ting the endurance mark.
Stinson is determined, however. not
to try for any new marks this win
ter. The ordeal through which he
and Bertrand went. in near-zero
weather, was too strenuous to re-
peat, he says.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
Montgomery Funeral
viii Be Held Today

Funeral services for Charles Fair
fax Montgomery will be held at the
Chapel Of the TRANSPORTATION. -Four
teenth and Ga.latin streets northwest,
at Q o'clock today.
Mr.. Montgomery, a lifelong resi-
dent of the District, died Friday at
the age Of II. He is survived by
his widow and eight children: Mrs.
f. A. Bugfed. Mrs. +. A. Ander-
son, Mrs. J. w. Racey, Mrs. T. Y.
Waite. Charles c.. Helen. Ralph, and
Blair Montgomery. Interment will be
at Rock Crsek Cemetery.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02

often aroused the ire OF other Sem
ators by his biting criticism. Blu,
he always enjoyed a joke. His dis
cussion recently with Senator WILL
Jams. of Mississippi, on the Einstein
theory has become a classic. His
famous debate with James Hamil-
ton Lewis. of Illinois, has become
famous. So personal did the two
become that much they said was
stricken from the record.
A. Enemy OF Prohibition.
Penrose was q formidable enemy
OF prohibition. When the opponents
Of the anti-beer bill were seeking
its delay-and they were principally
DeInocrats-they had Penrose's help.
There Is a story told Of the mad
haste with which Penrose's wheel
chair was propelled to the Senate
chamber on one occasion when his
vote was badly needed.
Politicians here are greatly in
terested in the effect of Penrose's
death on the political situation In
Pennsylvania, a stronghold of Re-
publtcanism, and always an impor-
tant factor in national politics.
The story that Gov. Sproul and
Senator Crow agreed that one was
to- succeed Penrose ana the other
the late Senator Knox is given
credence here. It was expected that
Psnrose would die first, and would
be succeeded by Sproul. But Knox
died suddenly, and Crow reached the
Senate first
SO IL Is thought that now Sproul
may resign from the governorship,
to- be succeeded by Lieut.. Gov.
Biedleman. who would name Sproul
Senator. The term will not ex-
pire for fve years. The situation
is complicated. however, because of
the fact that Biedleman has been
under ire in Pennsylvania, and the
organisation might hesitate to put
him forward for the governorship,
to. which he Is said to aspire.
Pennsylvania politics of late have
had many cross-currents, but Pen
rose as leader was able to MAIN
tain a semblancs of harmony and
unity. Interesting developments are
expected now that his influence will
be lacking.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
BIRTHS

White.
Eliphslet T. and Helen c Andrews. girl
Edward W. and Daphne Cafery. boy.
Charles Il. and Cinderella Y. Davis, boy
David and Rebecca Folk boy.
John w. and Mary A. HearoId. boy.
Harry and Lily Hutt, boy.
Alphonsa J. and Martha Robertson, boy
Elliott A. and Grace Telford. girl
Henry ]. and Anna =. Trilling. boy.
Charles and Ella Turner. girl.
Bernard E. and Sadie E. Willett, girl.
Colored.
Gilbert r. and Beatrice washingt ton. boy
Robert E. and Hattie 0'Dellss, girl.
Jospeh T. and Susie Bell. boy.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
Mays-Wingield Wedding.

CHARLOTTESVILLE. Va, Jan. /.
Charles Mays and Miss May
wingneld. both of this city, were
married Friday evening at the resi-
dence of the Rev. W. w. Carter,
pastor Of the Christian Church.
They left Immediately after the GER
emony for a brief wedding trip.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
Plan Valentine Dance
To Aid HebrelD Home

Plans for a dance on Valentine
Day at Elks Hall were made at the
meeting Of the Social Club of the
Hebrew Home for the Aged, at the
home, 41s M street northwest, yes
terday.
The Social Club is organized TO aid
the home. Miss Minnie Hutt is
chairman Of the club. 80.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02

Utica. n. Y. has its FIRST woman
constable in the person OF Mrs. Re
becca X. Pearson. she having been
elected on the Democratic ticket al
the recent election.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02

spirit rs uppermost, Europe will sink
further and further into poverty. Only
with the goodwill OF both sides and
through cooperation OF all the pow
ers can a basis for peaceful develop
ment be found.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
FLORISTS.

:. Appropriate Funeral Tokens
Cade Bros. Co. 1914 F ST
Artisfie-erpressfve-ine
:, Prenpt auto delivery service.
GEO. c. SHZFFER 90 3; isi Id
shExs At HsDsRATs Prices iiiri'-ii
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
MeCUMBER TAKES
PENROSE'S PLACE
ON COMMITTEE

Costinaed from Page One.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-02
WATER TRAFFIC
PROJECTS SOON
TO CONGRESS

Continued from Page One.
The New York herald., 1922-03-14
Above 50th st.-sth Av. to East River.

7.TH ST. fclose to Park av.) Large plot
suitable for garage or apartment building; !;
immediate possession; attractive price.
PEASE 4 FLI.TMAN. $40 Madison av.
The New York herald., 1922-03-14
CITY REAL ESTATE.
Borough of Brooklyn-sale or Rent.

BARGAINS.-Two family brick houses in
best section Borough Park; all improve
ments and up TO date. Wildwood 692S.
The New York herald., 1922-03-14
PUBLIC NOTICES.

AL. G. DODGE. communicate with LEUCH-
TER. box 200. 1882 broadway. Brooklyn.
NOTICE Is hereby given that will not he
Responsible for any debts or accounts eS-
cept such as may personally authorize
M. n. NICHOLS.
Savannah. Ca. March 10, 1922
oTTOMAR H. WAGENFoHR. mother wait
ing TO hear from you. as father died Feo-
r,iary ~ 1929. -
The New York herald., 1922-03-14
HOUSES TO LET, FURNISHED.
London.
ENGLAND.

FURNISHED-Hampst London. To
be let for 3. O. o or IL months from
Easter, charming detached non-basement
Ellzabethan type of residence in good
main road position. bed. bathroom, .
reception rooms. Usual offices. Pretty
garden. Telephone. All necessary linen
and cutlery. Only 20 minutes drive OF
West End. 2 minutes walk OF tube sta
tion and excellent shopping promenades.
Practically adjoining Golders Green Park
and Hampstead Heath. Rent 90 guineas
weekly. including use of private garage.
No young children. This house can be
purchased II desired. Apply LESLIE
RAYMOND. Estate Agent. Golders Green.
London. ~. w. II.
The New York herald., 1922-03-14
FORECLOSURE SALES.

pr-psrrANr TO AN AGREEMENT. entered
into on the ard day OF April 1919. by and
batyeen JOHN wANAAfAKER. NEW YORK.
and ALBERT s. JANIN. ! WIN sell on t..~
the forenoon. in the piano department ot
Iohn Wanamaker. In the City. County and
state OF New York. one style mahogany
Anralus piano and bench, as provided ny
Sections 65 and GO Of the Personal Properly
i'" NAT. w. GENDERINCs. Auctioneer.