The New York herald., 1922-11-15
Country Needs to Learn and
Foreign Capital Participa-
tion Will Teach 1t.
AMERICA HARD PROBLEM
Premier Speaks in German,
Gesticulating Freely, With
= No Trace Of Illness.
BY FRANCIS M,CULLAGH.

| Spec7dL CdOle 10 lHE NEW 1Okk HERALD
Copyright, 1929, bv THE New YORK HERALD
Moscow, Nov. 14.-When Premier
Lenine addressed the Congress of the
/ Third International yesterday in An
drew's Hall in the Kremlin stood
within twenty yards OF him and had
an opportunity to observe him care
fully. He is lighter than he was last
year, but tho right weight for his
! height and build, and he is supple and
active. He spoke standing behind a
red rostrum on the platform. butA
sometimes he moved away. gesticulat-
ing freely without trace Of paralysis
or any other disease in his voice and
movements.
He made a long speech in a clear,
conversational voice with absolute
ease in fluent German, which is the
language most understood at present.
Occasionally he wGs at a loss for
word. which was promptly supplied
by Trotzby, sitting, as usual. at a
, long. red table on the platform at
Lenine's left
The manner and contents of the speech
were quite in Lenines old style. shrewd
and moderate with several touches of
humor. He spoke without notes, and
there was great applause at intervals
| during, and after his speech. which
proved that Lenine is himself again.
| Admits BoIshevist Retreat.
1T can now be definitely stated that
the new economic policy saved Russia
! from revolution and ruin" said Lenine.
| Had the policy not been adopted in
1921 Bolshevism would have failed, and
IL It had been adopted and postponed
the Bolshevilsi could not have made their
retreat successfully.
The Bolsheviki made many great
mistakes. and probably will continue
making mistakes, being human, but these
were mistakes such as two and two
makes five and two and two makes a tall
low candle (laughter). The Bolsheviki
| did not make a mistake in advising the
foreign delegates to go slow and not to
subscribe to anything they did not un-
derstand. Last year n program OF fifty
articles was drawn up. but our foreign
comrades could not read such a long
program and could not understand that
they would make mistake II they tried
to apply such q program, made for Rus
sian conditions. to the conditions In their
own countries."
Lenine further said that he was frm-
ly convinced that the new economic
policy had done away with all danger
of revolution, which had almost been
brought on before by a too rapid trans
formation to Bolshevism Now the
peasants as we'll as the workingmen
are we'll satisfied he said. adding that
heavy grain tax had been collected
this year without resorting to force.
He declared that during the last six
months the ruble had been stabilized
despite the fact that quadrilllon of
paper rubles had beer printed.
Russia's Great Task.
"The great task before Russia is 70
learn. We must learn TO read. to write
| to org" nize." said the Premier and he
warned that the steps looking toward 6
world revolution must be taken more
carefully I'm the future.
/ Referring again to his conviction that
all danger Of n revolution in Russia
was past Lenine pointed 10 the fact
that the Soviet Government has control
of commerce and big industries BY
permitting foreign capital to participate
ia industry and business Russia, he said
would be able to learn the methods by
! which the foreigners achieved success.
and then when the Russians were ready
| they could break off these relations. He
admitted. however. that large industries
were in a tfghtp lace and that 1t would
require at least 100, 900 gold rubles
TO put them into shape again.
Pointing out that as yet nothing had
been obtained through. loan, Lenine
said that the strictest economy must be
practiccd everywhere. even In educa-
tional matters. and that the state ma
chinery must be trimmed down.
we must concentrate our efforts on
establishing a working basis for indus
try" he continued. I'VE have set aside
20.0o0.O00 gold rubles for this purpose
as reserve fund. Our industries must
be permanently established II we are 70
become a civilized nation"
Andrews Hall.in gold and white mar
bic. war beautifully lighted and is beau
tiful like all the rest OF the palace
Georges Hall contains n world revolu-
tionary exposition, showing the history
Of Bolshevism and the extent OF the
movement in Europe. Asia and America.
with revolutionary literature I'm all Ian
guages. The congress In important as
being the first one held with Soviet
Russia at peace.
America N DfmcuIt Problem.
Various commissions were sitting in
The Kremlin, Lenine and Trotzky on the
French, Bucharin oil the American and
ether leaders on the British commission
zlnovieff in the opening speech at.
tackled John r. Clynes. the British labor
leader for daring to ask the Bolshevixi
10 rat1fy the Leslie Urquhart concession
TO improve labor and the elector II
chances. The English communist party
Is the smallest and slowest" he
said slower than elsewhere. The
question of the connection between
communism and English labor Is a
great question and future study ot
England will be mdde by the executi &c
committee of the international Con-
sidering tho great unemployment IN,
England the growth OF cummunism Il
amazingly slow.
The great difficulty with the Ameri-
can movement was 20 know what wss
legal and what was Illegal We are
H. quit6 different position In Poland
and other countries which have experi-
enced revolution In the other coun.
tries the labor leaders know the masses
II Is tie contrary in America wherA
there Is strong left wing, a ira ie
union movement aud n communist party
and strong factlonal struggle. There
! fore America constitutes most diff
rcut problem which Il Is necessary %
! study"
A