davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1922-05-18
Senat Zgadza Sic Ma Regdarna Armje
W Wysokosci 100000 Lud1.
Bill Taryfowy Przedmiotem DalsychO hObradSenatu
BRAT HARDNCA PRzEPOWIADA KONEC SWIATA.
Is Oiar Zalamania Sic Mostu.
Inne Telegramg Krajowsl

| l(ZiS SpOQZleWdHc So IcZOluCJCb
zawierajace przypuszczalnie wska
zowki tyczace sic sytuacji euro
Pejskich diugow. Jednym z ocze-
kiwanych wnioskow bedzie praw
dopodobnie wezwanie do fzadu
o wziecie udziaiu W Komisji od-
szkodowaf.
SENAT ZGADZA SIZE MA AR
ME 100000 LUDZI.
Waszyngton, 18 maja. = Sc
iatorjalna subkomisja aproprja--
cyjna zgodziia sic ma wczoraj--
szem. posiedzeniu CO do SHY. sta
! iiei, regularnej armji. okreslajac
| ia ma 10000 zoinierzy, W TEN
1880 oficerow. Jakkolwiek cyfra
ia obcina siie zbrojna. wymaga-
ns przez Department Wojny. D
Igxl-..xe.S A..z:.s 1.I... J(.<..
,,,s.al,s;.h 1850 -. l,,,s,;;.ts,
przez peiny komitet aproprjacyj-
ny nastepnie przegfosowana W
Stnacie. Przewidywana jest go-
sla,, Ssr.tsr, IL ten ost,.r;
,,cbwal; oo,yvzsz, wvsokosc STA
81; iarn;; Izba nosI6w bow;e,u
zaod 10 e;o !, rsa,,l.rn, ,r,,,;e
Tczh;. 11sooo 1o,r;erzv
II ooo oficer6,v
-, -. ,,,,ro,,,,, aa,rn,,,o
S,va1, anrr
HSA -
WaS1y.sson, 20 naaJa. 0
'-a'o' Ao oe"'au, - VIZ
la]' ze reluoi,kanse nueizy :"
'se =. p
Wau.enie uyshusJl W Spla"ie Diiu
taryloWego az 20 rozstrzygnis
cia, oez wzgiedu ma przeeisg GA
SIT lakiego "yinagac Deazle "a
la'Wienie splawy oenato. Me
%uhlper, tworca Dilu' Wyrazh Sls
DO repuoilKanskich senatorows ze
lezeii ME chca zaJmywac sic ta
sprawa, mech 'rsczel zrezygnuJa
2 stany mech przyszla lnnych'
N.ol psoe @ype'i''a. Swe oDo
wi2zki, Rozgoryczerie senatora
spowoo1owafa nieooecnosc nlekto
rych senasofow podczas gtoso-
wanna nag Wilioskleln, zaledwie
NY mao znaczaee zmiany =
chWslonos podezas = goozinnej
seslh VI senatoIoW' k.orzy nis
rnngs orac udziaiu W zDyt diu--
glch posledzeniach, wskutek zie-
go staru zdrowla l.rb podeszlego
wleku, Sc lsPrawledilwienl. Kow
tliez q, ktorzy zaJscl So nadcho-
dzacyni prawyoorami " swych
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1922-05-18
EUROPA ZAWIERA oSMIo,
MIESIECZNY RoZEJM.

Genua, Is. maja. - Ma wczo-
rajszem posiedzeniu podkomitetu
konferencji zapadia uchwala o
zawarciu rozejmu ma oSm miesie-
cy z takiem wyrachowaniem, a
by czas trwania tego rozejmu o.
bejmowai cztery miesiace po "a
konczeniu sic projektowanych
pertraktacyj W Hadze.
Rozejm ten odnosi sic do wszy
stkich oSmiu sfederowanych re-
pub1ik rosyjskich. a wiec i do
tych, kt6re znajduia sic W Azji
w piatek odbsdzie sic Plenar-
ne posiedzenie konferencji, ma
kt6rem zostanie podpisany akt
tego rozejmu, Poczem premier
angieiski, Lloyd George dda sie
do domu.
Mocarstwa maja zamiar pono-
wnie zaprosic Stany Zjednoczo-
ne do udzialu w nowych pertrak-
tacjach z Rosja sowiecka W Ha-
DE. ale dopiero po zakonczeniu
sic konferencji W Genui.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1922-05-18

Dokonczenie na stronicy 2
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1922-05-18

Dokonezsnls ~ sEFonisx 2 !.
, 1922-10-25
TOOK THE MoRocco CASE FROM
HER HANDS AND SHOWED
HER ASIDE.

tana. do YOU recolec' what it was
you say TO me? Yes? How
often it is tho unexpected which SO
usually happen7 You are quite cor
rec. l'ami Smith. II has happen"
He glanced at the open jewel box
which one of ehe masked men held.
then. Ike lightning, his sinister eyes
focused on Darragh.
80" he said. sit was also you
who rob mo las night of my property
:. What you do to Nick Salzlr,
chr"
killed him" said Darrash, dry
Tipped. nerved for death. II ought
to have killed you, too. when l had
the han But-rm white. you
see"
At the Insult flung INTO his face
over tho muzzl.s Of his own pistols.
ouintana burst into laughter.
"Ah, You should have shot me.
You are quite right, my frien'. /
mus say you have behave YER fool
ish"
lie laughed again so hard that Oar.
ragh felt his pistols shaking against
his body.
so c have kill Nick Saizar. che"
continued Q%uintana with perfect good
hunor. MY frlen', l am oblige TO
you for what you do. You are sur
prise? Eth? 1t is YER simple. my frien'.
Smith. What 1 want of a man who
can be kill? Eth? OF what use is he
to me Voilai'
He laughed. patted Darrash on the
shoulder with one of his pistols. Why?
Because you are a better man than
WAS Nick Salzar. He who kills is
better han the dead
Then, swiftly altering his dark fea-
lures altered:
My frien' Smith" he said, 81
have come here for my property. not
to kill I have o my property.
Why shall 1 kiR you? To say that
l am a better MANI Yes. perhaps.
But also I should be oblige to say that
fool"
Without shifting his eyes he made
a motion with one pistol to his men.
As they turned and entered the thlc-
ket. Quintana's intent gaze became
murderous.
If 1 must kill you 1 shall do SO.
Otherwise l have sufficient trouble 10
NY hc AlOHA tInul. MY IT6n . L
am going home to enjoy my property.
If you live or die it signifies nothing
TO me- No! Why. for the pleasure of
killing you, should 1 bring your dirty
gendarmes on my heels?''
He basked away to the edge of
the thiclSet. venturing one swift and
evil glance at the girl who stood as
though dazed.
Listen attentively." he said to Oar
rash. One Of my men remains hid
den very near. He is a dead shot.
His aim is at yourlsweetheart'sN
body. You understand
Yes"
Yer well. You shall not go away
for one hour time. After that" he
took off his SLOUGH hat with a sweep.
ing bow-"you may go &c HEIR
Behind him the bushes parted,
closed.
Jose ouintana a made his adieux.
Continued Tomorrow
, 1922-10-25
% FLAMINGxfli
Is JEWELSf
Mb ROBERT w cHAMpEps -
QOBEPT w CHAMgEpS
IooQ oronoE y poRAE coNnAsN

scarcely dared touch the childish lips
she offered
But when the sacrament OF the kiss
Nad been accomplished. she rested one
hand on his shoulder and rose. and
drew him with her.
Then his moment came; he drew
the embiazoned case from his breast.
opened II. and In silence ind Il IN her
hands. The blaze OF the jewels IN
the sunshine al-.S=t blinded them.
That was MS moment
The next Taonent was ouintana's.
Darragh hsdn't a chance. Out OF
the bushes two pistols were thrust
hard against HIS stomach. Quin-
tana's face was behind them. He wore
no mask but the three men with him
watched him over the edges OF Ia tod
kerehiefs-over tho sights OF lereled
rifles. too.
The youthful Grand Duchess had
turned deadly white. one OF ouin-
iana's men took tho case
from her hanGs and showed her aside
without ceremony.
ouintana ieered at Darragh over
his level weapons;
MY fiien' smith, he exclaimed
softly. $50 It is you. then. who have
twice Try TO rob me OF my property.
"Ah. You recoiiec'? Yes7 How
you have o me of a racquet which
contain only some c~hocolate7"
Darragh's face was burning with
helpless rage
MY frien'. Smith" repeated Ouln-
, 1922-10-25
By c. oight

The British house of parliament
cover an area OF eight acres. AMI
have a river frontage OF $40 feu[
They contain more than 500 rooms
anr about eighteen residences. the
resident population being about 200
, 1922-10-25

A mulberry tree. still growing in
the CT of London and bearing a crop
of fru. every year. is Std to date back
to before 1856.
, 1922-10-25
BEGIN HERE TODAY.

Through the Adirondack forests a
savage battle RACES for possession Of
the Flaming jewel. originally stolen
from the refugee.
COUNTESS OF THEoDoRIcA. OF Es-
thonia. by the great international
thief.
oUISTANA-
In Par.s. o~uintana was robbed Of
the gem by
MIKE CLINCH. an American sol
der. who brought the gem back 10
the disreputablo hunting camp
where he lived a life of crime ever
since his legitimate business OF
guiding hunting parties had bee
destroyed years ago by the uncle OF
JAMES DARRAGH Darragh. go
ink rs Hal Smith. loves tho SCUM
tess ana mas sworn to restore the
Jewel TO Der.
Clinch is ~passionateiy fighting for
the Jewel as IL represents tho solo
means OF giving his beautiful step
daughter,
EVE sTRAYER. che education Of a
lady"
Eve and her lover.
Trooper sToRMoNT. escape from
1%uintans. who with his gang has
come To the camp to regain the
jewel. Eve swims star Pom with
what she believes TO be the real
Jewels IN her mouth. Darragh
takes what Eve thought was an
empty Jewel case from ouintanr.
and finds the. real Jewels in a false
bottom. Darragh learns that the
countess and her companion are
about to arrive at his hunting lodge.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
WHAT'S BECOME
OF LOWER RATES
PROMISED US!

With the great industries of the
United states insistent upon reduc-
ing tie wages Of workers, and the
genera. assiic more than half in
clined to side 9Th the employers and
believe their promises that better
times and lower prices will follow
such reductions, it is well to look
into the problem a little way. In the
first place, be it remembered that
this lower wage propaganda has ema-
mated from the large employers Of
labor--the steel trust, the railroads.
the mine operators. To win the pub
lie, these employers have indicated
that their charges TO the user would
be lowered as soon as wages were
cut. The precise opposite has so far
been the case. Steel mill wages fell
and the price of steel rose; railroad
workers suffered reductions in pay
but freight rates increased.
Thus the public must necessarily
conclude that so far from wishing
to save the consumer from extortion-
ate prices caused by so-called "high"
wages, the industries mentioned are
merely DESTROYS of reducing produc-
ton costs to the end that their own
profits may be the greater.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
NEW JERSEY FARMERS REBEL
AGAINST EXPLOITATION

The patient farmers of New Jer-
sey, who are even on speaking terms
with the mosquitoes, have at last re-
belled against the squeeze system
which robs them at both ends. They
have been held up for fat fees by the
commission agents who purchased
their crops, and charged call the
traffic viii bear" by the dealers in fer
tilizer, implements, and other farm
supplies. They have, therefore, es-
tablished Farmers State Purchas-
ing and Marketing Association to en-
able them to buy their supplies at
cost comparatively and to market
their products comparatively without
the payment of so many commission
mems fees. The organization was
effected by the State Federation of
County Boards of Agriculture, and is
composed of the leading farmers as
sociations throughout New Jersey.
The purchasing department of the
new cooperative association is CEN
tering its first efforts on quantity
purchases of tested, high-grade fer
tilizer, for which the farmers have
often been compelled to pay exorbit-
ant prices for poor quality.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14

We hear of cooperative stores,
bakeries, laundries, elevators, live
stock associations, creameries and
even cooperative banks, etc., until
offhand we get the idea that co-opera-
ton is purely bread and butter
proposition, and if it was nothing
more it would still be the best bread
and butter scheme ever invented.
As bread and butter philosophy il
not only means that we all cooperate
in doing the worlds work, but also
cooperate in enjoying the fruits OF
the worlds work.
But cooperation is more than q
bread and butter philosophy-more
than a dividend-paying, profit-sharing
scheme. 1t is not only the most prac-
teal, but also the most beautiful the.
DRY ever reasoned out in the minds
of men.
No matter what your religion, YOU
political affiliations or your station in
society, there is room for you in the
movement. If you believe that every
human being has the same right t.
the fullest life, liberty and happiness
your place is in this great movement
No man or woman who wants tC
devote themselves to the service oil
their fellow men can do no better
than to study the Cooperative prin.
ciples. If we want TO see this world
of ours peopled with free men anc
women and happy and careffee chill.
dren, we can do no better than to ac-
quaint ourselves and others with
| these principles.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
EARLY SETTLEMENT
OF COAL STRIKE
is IN PROSPECT

That the coal strike will soon be
over is the opinion of officials of the
Miners union, who see in President
Harding's peace plan solution of the
present trouble.
The presidents proposal is that
operations be resumed on the wage
scale in effect April 1, while COM
mission negotiates new wage scale
to become effective August Is.
The decision of the anthracite OPP
orators is expected to go a long way
toward bringing about acceptance
also by the miners and the bitumi-
nous operators. The miners decision
will probably be made at the meet
ing of the policy commission Sat
urday.
The operators refusal to meet in
conference was the one thing that
brought on the trouble on April l. By
refusing to negotiate new scale with
the miners, the entire mining industry
has been at practical standstill.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
CENTRAL BODY
ELECTS OFFICERS
FOR COMING YEAR

Considerable interest was taken in
the election of officers at the meeting
of the Twin City Federation of Labor
Wednesday night. The meeting was
largely attended and several new
delegates were seated.
The following officers were chosen
for the coming year:
President--C. +. Daugherty.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. Roberts.
Recording Secretary-John Tierney.
Financial Secretary-0. f. Miller
Treasurer-M. ID. Campbell.
Guard--William White.
Trustees--Frank Moore, George
Yeaw, William Leach.
The installation will be held at the
next meeting, July 81, at which time
permanent committees will be ap-
pointed.
Preparations for Labor Day are
about completed, reported Chairman
Brown. While no selection of speak
er has as yet been made, there is
assurance that one of the best speak
ers of the country will be ON hand.
The Painters union baseball team of
Decatur and another union team will
play ball.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
Jaekson.. "kIteI.en cabln.t.n

"The kitchen cabinet was a name
given to group Of political advisers
Of President Jackson. They occupied
no official positions, but were con-
suited by the President as private citl-
zens. The principal members of this
cabinet" were Amos Kendall, william
Francis =. Blair. II was the custom
of these unofficial advisers, whenever
they called upon the President, to 90
In by the back door to avoid observa-
tlon--hence the sobriqnet OF kitchen
cabinet" which Is sald to have orig
mated among the Wings.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
RAILROAD SHOP
MEN TURN DOWN
CONVICT'S FARE

Direct cause Of the nationwide
shop mems strike is a wage reduction
decision BY the railroad labor board.
In a dissenting opinion the three
labor members of the board declared
that under this wage cut the earn
ings of this large group Of railroad
employees will not provide the father
Of a family with as much food as Is
allowed convicts in the Cook county
Illinois, jail"
The labor members said that the
boards wage policy, as shown by this
and other decisions, was to build up
wage structure for the transporta-
ton industry which would rest upon
no consideration Of the human needs
Of the employees affected.
"The majority" said the labor
members, "have not considered the
evidence on this point, nor have they
met the issue raised. Their failure
to give this, the most vital element,
consideration and to inform the pub
lie impartially on the subject, yitiates
the whole decision.
"The failure of the majority to
consider the real merits of the case
has created wage structure which
has no relation to any existing stand
ards.
"The increasing antithesis between
profits and just wages will result in
a lower morale among the railroad
employees; thus the present wage re-
auctions will not result in economies
and will prove contrary TO the real
needs of efficient and economical man
agement.
"The majority have failed to carry
out the function for which the labor
board was created. Such decisions,
containing no explanation of the pro-
cess by which the majority arrived at
the rates established, give the public
an impression that these rates are not
founded upon careful consideration
of the facts.
I'm the light of the transportation
act 1t Is the clear duty of the board.
First, to act as q constructive, inn
partial body in providing means
whereby railroad employees can have
their legitimate human needs satisfied
without recourse to stoppages; and,
second, to enlighten the public so that
through the disordered state OF I'M
regulated industry and the confusion
of propaganda, they shall be able to
see the real facts as they affect the
body polite. The decision in ques-
ton fulfills neither of these duties.
"The undersigned must dissent
from a decision which has ignored
these witnesses, the human needs of
these tens of thousands of families,
which has given them not one word of
answer. To them the statement that
they are alphabetically 40 per cent
or 30 per cent or 20 per cent better
off than they were in December, 1917,
or in any other period, must sound
like a rather bitter jest"
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
AUToCRATIC POWER.

. A telegram from the Railroad
. Executives addressed to b. M.
; Jewell, representative of the
. Rail Unions affiliated with the
. American Federation of Labor,
. contains some highly interest !
; ing points.
; Please glue your optics on the
; following augmentation: you :
; (Jewell) are clothed with none :
> of the powers of organized gov
: eminent. The Labor Board is
> part of the Government to I
. whom all good citizens hold 10y !
. atty.
. "If you strike it will be
. against an order of govern
. mental tribunal--it will be a
. strike against the Government
. of the United States"
. Please get that. A strike in
; violation of the dictum of a
. board or commission appointed :
. by the government is "a strike
> against the Government of the
. United States"
. This means that compulsory
. arbitration, which. is first cousin
. to involuntary servitude, is here.
. To make the full import of
. the acceptance OF this principle
. still clearer, it must be remem-
. bered that Labor's representa- :
: ton in government Is about
; one-half of one per cent. Like
. alcohol in near beer, there isn't
: enough of it to produce kick.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
Ostrich Eoqs as Food.

Mr.. Gallican, diet expert, who has
been experimenting with ostrich eggs
supplied by the New York geological
gardens, declares that the food value
OF the ostrich egg is about the same as
that of the domestic hens egg. The
flavor is identical and. although the
ostrich eggs contain less protein than
meat. they have more fat and a fair
amount of phosphorus and IRON. One
egg will make an omelet sufficient for
80 persons.--rhe Argonaut.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
LOCAL GUARDSMEN
CALLED OUT TO
BREAK OWN STRIKE

Did you ever find yourself obliged
someone else to do SO?
That is the situation several mem
bers of the local militia find them
selves in, for when they were in
Quoted into the militia they swore to
obey orders, and when these orders
are to shoot to kill that is just what
you are supposed to do.
There are several cases in which
local strikers have sons in the militia,
at least one has son-in-law, and
several strikers themselves are now
on duty at Bloomington doing their
bit towards breaking the strike at
that place,
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
aki.

To India. by way of England we
owe the word "khakl." There was q
sect of Brahmins--and II is still IN ex-
istence--who applied the ashes Of
cow-dung to their clothes and parsons
that coloration--or discoloration. The
word was naturally applied to the
earthly or clay color In the uniforms Of
soldiers or sepoys by the British gov
eminent Hence the protective light
chocolate dye employed In British
military uniforms,
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
90 Not Reach for ths Moon

Psychological science apparently has
exploded the good old notion that
babies will reach for the moon" DIR.
John b. Watson states in the Scientific
Monthly that when actually put to the
test they will watch attentively any
thing they see moving. no matter what
Its distance, but that they will not
reach for il until ii is within 20 inches
of them.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
ILLINOIS CENTRAL
LET'S CONTRACT FOR
REPAIR WORK

Claims by railroad officials that
there has been no farming out" OF
repair work on the Illinois Central
have been made since the shop men
struck. These claims have been given
wide publicity by those newspapers
not in sympathy with the strike, for
the purpose of Informing" the public
that there was no occasion for the
men to strike. However, a circular
sent out by the Illinois Central to
The contents of the circular follow.
Read, and judge for yourself:
ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD
COMPANY
Champaign, ILL.,, June 20, 1922.
All Agents;
Yard Masters;
Local Conductors:
Contracts have been awarded for
the rebuilding and repairing Of
freight cars, as follows:
Illinois Car Manufacturing Co. at
Hammond, Ind.
5000 ft-50 ton all steel gondolas in
series 121001 to 123500.
Ryan Car Company at Hewewisch, Ind.
300 steel gondolas in series 123501 to
1900.
300 steel gondolar in series 1900 to
124500.
Streator Car Co. at Kankakee, Ill.
300-36 ft-40 ton wooden box cars in
series 2500l to 49100.
1000 ft-40 ton wooden box cars in
series 25001 to 1900.
5000 ft-50 ton steel underframe
box in series 100000 to 142998.
5000 ft-40 ton steel underframe
auto in series 10000 to 160500.
Pullman Co. Haskell & Barker Plant)
at Michigan City, Ind.
300--36 ft-40 ton steel underframe
box in series 45451 to 46200.
200-36 ft-40 ton steel center sill box
in series 49101 to 1850.
300--36 ft-40 ton steel underframe
box in series 130001 to $4,000.
Interstate Car Co. at indianapolis, Ind.
200-36 ft-40 ton steel underframe
box in series 47001 to 47600.
300-36 ft-40 ton steel underframe
box in series 131001 to 131800.
The Mechanical Department have
already started to select and stencil
equipment on this program. How
ever, all concerned must understand
that under no circumstances must
such equipment as has been selected
and stencilled, move until proper
authority is received from the Office
of General Superintendent of Trans
portation or from this office. Further,
that this equipment, as well as other
bad order equipment enroute, to
shops, must not be delayed or divert
ed.
w. G. TILEY, Chief Dispatcher.
cy to; Mr.. Hevron,
Mr.. Stanford,
Mr.. Davis,
Mr.. Kabbes, Mr.. Donley,
Mr.. Reideman, Mr.. Saathoff.
Coal chute work over the entire
system was put on the contract basis
several months ago.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
Ringside Seats Are Ready

Ringside seats for the worlds middleweight
championship Wrestling Bout between Champion
Johnny Meyers and Paul Prehn may be secured by
mail now. The price of the ringside seats which
include coupon admitting the holder to the fair
grounds is $780, plus tax. Two sections directly
north of the ring have been reserved for advance
mail orders until July Is, when the balance of all un-
sold seats will be put sale in different cities in
Illinois and western Indiana.
Make all checks payable to James c. Brown.
chairman, care Twin City Review office, 116 North
First Street, Champaign.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
Birthday Cake Candies.

The custom Of placing candles on a
birthday cake--one for each year
comes from Germany. The Germans
placed thick one In the center, called
Lebens-licht, the light of life, Only he
or she who declares his or her birth
day may put out the light of life; IL is
unlueky IL done by amy other member
of the family. The lights are symbols
Of life and its portions Tie years. For
person. advanced in years one candle
must do duty, as otherwise too many
would be required.
Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1922-07-14
znulIsh "soxino pay."

Boxing day is the 26th of Decem.
Der, and is one of the four legal bank
holidays In England. 1t was ON this
day that in olden times the gentry
made presents, especially of money.
to their servants and dependents
These presents came TO be known as
Christmas boxes.