Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1922-03-20
WHAT lON|NG|S
AND WHAT IT DOES
Means Well Ordered Direction
Of City Affairs, lts Ex-
ponents Claim.

President FRED II. 16WtnTOp oi tne
Chamber OF Commerce has named
committee TO consider the matter OF
coming the city. Few people know
what is meant by "zoning" and those
' who have an idea say that It means
keeping factories out OF residential
ncinhborhoods.
That's only a small part OF xoning.
In order that every ono may know
what benefits accrue and what dif-
ncultics may be involved in success
ful municipal management by xon-
Ing such as have been found In ex-
leriments made at Atlanta. Georgia.
the Every Evening presents the fol-
lowing which might be classified under
the subject. What Zoning II and
Does"
zoniug Is a conscious. intelligent ef-
fort 10 direct the building OF the city
In accord with a well-con sidercd plan.
Like good housekeeping II provides
place for everything and tries 10
keep everything In its place Like
good Industrial management II plans
for an orderly growth and expan+
sion OF the plant.
Zoning divides the land area of the
city into residence. business and In
dustrial districts and prevents the
erection OF business and Industrial
buildings In tho residence districts or
of Industrial buildings in the business
districts.
2oning prevents the development OF
great blighted areas near the heart
of the city. Unless some definite limit
Is fixed TO the distance 20 which bust
mo- "a.
business area one block after another
Is abandoned by tho resident owners
until great areas are affected that
will never be needed for business and
the typical blighted district results.
2oning Will centralixe local business
IN well defined local business centres
This will facilitate the transaction OF
business. 1t will improve land and
rental values In the business sections,
while at the Same time conserving
values In the residence sections.
d ZoninS Will keep the apartments out
of tho private house sections The
coming OF the apartment drives out
the private home only by setting def
mite limits 10 the spread OF the apart
ment can the city 10 preserved as a
city of homes.
Zoning Will prevent congestion OF
population. In addition TO combining
tenement house construction 10 certain
areas xoning will prevent excessive
crowding even in the tenement areas.
This will be accomplished by requiring
minimum number OF square feet OF
lot area for each family for which the
tenement is arranged
Ioning is essential 20 preserve the
a. morale Of the various neiehhorhood.
or communities into which the city is
divided. zoning creates confidence
that the existing character OF the
ncisheorhccd will be preserved. Such
confidence IN eassntiA 10 the improve
mont of the arra and 90 the na.ntsn.
sncs OF . vigorous civic pride and
spirit
zon.nS Requires each owner 20 q
Use his property as not 70 in,ur~ hi,
neighhor. Without xoning the individ.
va. owner {. powerless 20 prevent tn,
destruction OF the value OF hi. prop.
crty. only by submitting 10 some re
striction on his power 20 do with hi
own just as he please. is he himsal
shle to obtain protection. zoning is
practical application o, the Colder
sNAtt " NAt use oA
Zoning enforces a certain degree o
cooperation among property owner
for their mutual advantage and protec
tion. A certain degree q, uniformit,
in tho development OF a block or are.
is beneficial 70 all owners. This i
the meaning OF restrictive covenant
in all better class residential develop
inonts Zoning applies the principi
~.
IL can be used 10 promote public =
distinct from purely private ends.
Tho growth OF cities has made
.s-. necessary 70 modify former ideas bot
- cf personal liberty and property right.
What n man can be allowed TO do an
what uses he can be allowed TO max
81 his property depend on whether n
lives on q 100 acre farm or an the mid
die OF a city block. With the growt
Of the city II becomes more and NOR
necessary TO distinguish between u
berty and license both as applied I
persons and 10 property. Property I
4 city IL affected with public inter
est" Its value is Joint product {
individual initiative and communit
erowth. Its misuse can bring irrer
arabic injury TO the community an
W El'p~iAy VNuSis k'itthAN- II mus
- submit 70 control both IN the publ
. interest and for It's own preservation
No useful trade or industry is in itse
nuisance: but any trade. industr
or other use OF property may becon
nuisance II located in violation OF a
appropriate and orderly plan OF cit
development
Zoning viii limit the height
buildings differently In different par
OF the city. The height limits VIII
those appropriate for the variol
classes OF use No owner VIII be pc
'-.- nht,ed 10 appropriate for the use
his building an undue share OF Il
common stock OF light and air. Wit
out height limit the tendency Is {
each new Office or hotel building
push up higher than It's neighbors
order 10 get more light and air. TT
competition TO build the highest bull
ing with It's attendant street traf
congestion will be stopped by zonir
Zoning will conserve property va
ues. Haphazard development is bou
20 be costly and uneconomic develo
mcnt. Zoning will cave enormous was
tn building construction. With unco
trolled building development the co
0truction OF q new building IN a neig
korhood often means a ns< loss
the AGgregAte value OF the buildii
6 that nsixhborhood- With zonir
each new building increases the q
gresnte value in an amount equal
10.