davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1922-02-02
BELIEVE CONCLAVE
WILL NOT BELONG
Moderate Candidate Likely to
Be Chosen Pope, Avoiding
Extremes.

ROME, Feb. 1. (Associated Press. y
The Cardinals composing the Sacred
College arc entering into seclusion this
evening for the conclave to elect sue
cessor to Benedict XIV, the sessions Of
which begin tomorrow. 1t Is the con-
sensus of opinion in Vatican circles that
the conclave will be of short duration
and that the next Pope will be chosen
from among the moderates.
BY those in close touch with the pre-
liminary proceedings it is declared that
neither the so-called "irreconcilables."
nor those constituting the "peace party"
will have a chance to elect their candi-
date without the assistance of the mod
crates. The five French Cardinals are
said TO favor the continuance of the
policy of the late Pope and will vote for
a Cardinal of the moderate group.
The other foreign Cardinals generally
are understood not to desire to join
with either side among the Italians and
will vote for moderate
Throughout the day supplies of food
had been stored within the Vatican
sufficient to last $50 persons during
"a seven days SIEGE" according to the
expression of one of the Vatican at
tendants.
Besides one secretary and one SER
want each for the fifty-two Cardinals
who will compose the conclave on the
first day there will be within the Vat-
can after the doors are bolted gen.
eral secretary of the conclave. Mgr.
Sincere, one sacristan and assistant.
eleven cooks. who will be Sisters OF
Charity three doctors. including DIR.
Battstini. who attended Benedict in
his last illness; five pharmacists. seven
masters of ceremony. two vote takers.
nine janitors, one architect, three fire.
men. two night watchmen. one carpen-
ter. a bricklayer. plasterer. a black
smith, an electrician. two plumbers,
three BARRIERS and nine walters.
The Italian, French and Spanish gov
ernments, which formerly claimed the
right OF veto, have informed the Holy
See semi-offlcially that they have no de-
sires in the matter, the italian Govern
ment IN addition issuing an official de-
NAL OF the report that it favored Car
di~al Mrfi, Archbishop of Pisa. "The
Italian Government has no candidate"
said the statement.
The final funeral services for the late
Pope Benedict, held to-day, were even
more impressive than the solemn cere-
monials that had preceded them. All the
forty-eight Cardinals of the Sacred Col
lege now in Rome occupied places along
specially prepared benches in the Sistinc
Chapel. Prominent among them. as par
ticipants in the administration of abso-
luton, were the aged, white haired Car
dnal Lucon, Archbishop of Rheims. and
the stately Cardinal Mercier. Archbishop
of Malines
The ceebrant of the mass was Car
dinal Granite, while those imparting alb
solution. in addition to Cardinals Mer-
Ger and Lucon, we're Cardinals Cas-
parri and Lualdi. The entire diplo-
matte corps was present. together with
{. large number of the members of the
Roman aristocracy.
The New York herald., 1922-02-02
Individual Income Tax
Forms Are Ready Now

TORMS for fling Federal in
r. come tax returns by indi-
- viduals may be had at Room
115 of the Custom House, it was
made known yesterday by Frank
X. Bowers, Collector OF Internal
Revenue. Return forms for cor
porations. partnerships and fidu-
Charles will not be ready until about
February 10, it was said. Mr..
Bowers yesterday started a school
of instruction for members Of his
staff to facilitate the handling Of
the hundreds of thousands of re-
turns that will, be received in this
district.
The New York herald., 1922-02-02
MEASURE HEARTS REACTION
TO RARIFIED ANDEAN AIR
Effect on Other Organs Noted by Psychologists Return
ing From Expedition in Interests of Commerce
and Medicine

and turned to commercial benefit. En-
gineers and others ordered TO high alti-
tudes will be examined especially to
determine their fitness. Many concerns
have been put to much expense by the
recall of men who cannot live at great
heights after having Travelled thou
sands of miles to their posts. Besides
the benefit to business. DR.. Bancroft
said. the tests and observations had
considerable value to medicine.
Others of the expedition are DIR. C.
A. l.. Binger of the Rockefeller Insti-
tute. DR.. A. V. Book of Harvard. DIR.
j. III. Doggart of Cambridge, DR.. A. G..
Redfield, assistant professor of physi-
ology at Harvard; DR.. George Harrop
of the Presbyterian Hospital. and DR..
j. C. Meakins. professor of clinical
medicine at Edinburgh University.
The New York herald., 1922-02-02

Members of the Anglo-American
physiologist expedition, who have been
finding out the effect of Andean alti-
tudes on the heart and other organs,
returned yesterday by the Pacific liner
Ebro. They met at Lima. Peru. on
December II and went up the Cerro de
Pasco mountains 1920 feet above sea
level. Later they made tests in the
Carlo Francisco mountains, 19,oc0 feet
high. The members of the party were
under observation constantly and noted
carefully the condition OF the whites
and natives living and working in the
high places.
DIR. Joseph Bancroft OF Cambridge
University, head of the expedition, who
will lecture here, said the results of
the Investigations would be compiled
The New York herald., 1922-02-02
SLEDS BARRED ON DRIVES.
Sentence Suspended on Men who
Pulled Children i'm Park.

Magistrate Peter A. Hating in the
West Side Court suspended sentence
yesterday on Jacob Elsner of 316 East
11Sth street and Harry YarshinslSy of 10
East 18th street, who were arrested for
pulling sleds with children on them over
the Central Park drives, but told them
that they must keep Off the drives here
after with sleds.
There is a city ordinance" said the
magistrate. which provides that the
drives of the park shall be used only
for pleasure vehicles. To allow children
on sleds over the drives would endan-
ger the lives of the children"
The New York herald., 1922-02-02
REV. DIR. BURRELL APPOINTED

The Rev. DR.. Joseph Dunn Burrell,
secretary for the metropolitan district
of the Presbyterian New Era Move
ment. has accepted the executive secre-
taryship of the Brooklyn-Nassaf Pres
bytery. DIR. Burrell, one time pastor
of the Classon Avenue Presbyterian
Church, Brooklyn, was a Red Cross
worker in France during the war.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
The Duel Wanes.

W/AR taught Europe many things, among them
w that the code duelo is an anachronistic ab-
surdty. The spilling of blood in gallant or any
other style has become unpopular despite the wars
and skirmishes that have occurred since the
armistice.
In the refusal OF Count Stephen Bcthlen former
Hungarian prime minister, to fight duel with
Count Sigray of the erstwhile Emperor Charles
hackers, the New York Tribune sees another tra-
dition gone overheard"
Count Bcthlcn states in explanation, saws the
Tribune that the insult for which Count Sicrav
challenged hm-namely, that he had charged the
count with treason-was not the act Of an individ-
ua but of the head of the state and that the head
OF the state as such did not fight duels. The mat
ter was one to be decided by the courts instead of
by ordering coffee and pistols for two.
80 another tradition. goes overheard On the
Continent the duel has been the recognized method
OF settling disputes involving individual or family
honor until comparatively recently In America its
popularity waned much earlier. The death of Alex
ander Hamilton at the hands of Aaron Burr in 1904
virtually put end to duelling in America there
beng only few notorious affairs in the succeed
ing years. Although the practice of settling per-
sonal differences in the West by direct action sur.
VNed the duel by generations, it cannot be said to
have been continuation of the duel proper
I'm Europe, however, the duel survived Before
the war, for example, it would have been difficult
tor Count Bethlen to have refused the challenge of
Count Slgray without incurring the charge OF cow
ardice But the fact that he has had the courage
TO refuse Will help destroy the tradition Another
remnant OF the old system is apparently doomed
and to the courts will be left the duty of deciding
questions of honor"
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16

TIME heat OF the French situation Will be
somewhat cooled by March and France will
be found in attendance at Genoa with the
rest of the powers The question is not whether
not France will be represented but whether or
not America will be represented. AS the invitation
to attend has been extended to America and as
questions Of vital importance to America will be
discussed and settled, il would natural for
America to take active part. The burden OF proof
is ON those advising keeping out. OF course, there
is anxiety the part of some concerning the po-
lticai effect OF sanctionng American participation
in European affairs, but the American people have
been learning something about world-nterdepcnd-
in the last six months. II the question of par
ticipation in the Genoa economic conference were
left TO the American people, the people would say,
participate. America took the lead in calling
ference reduction of armament and the Pacific
situation. This conference has certainly concerned
itself with word-affars. Can America consistently
refuse to take part in a important conference
called by other powers?
The necessity of great economic conference
to Straightcn the tangcs Of Europe has become
more and more apparent. The Versailles peace con-
ference did really settle lot OF political questions
it may have done some political injustces, but it
rightcd great many political wrongs. 1t did not
solve the economic situation Economic tangles
after the war were inevitable. The Versailles
rather than solved economic problems. Europe has
gone along to point where it that the tangle
must be unsnarled. Perhaps a great economic
conference than this would have been pre-
mature. In hardship, in sorrow, the Eupropean
nations ready.
Some of the questions to be taken up the
Genoa conference will be: Public finance and
tional expenditure (incuding the balancing of
budgets, currences, exchange, central banks and
banks of issue, commercial relations (ncluding tar
ifs and import and export regulations), transporta
tion legal guarantees for reestablishing commerce.
and technical assistance for international
ton First the agenda will be, essential condi-
tions for the maintenance OF peace and the restora
ton of confidence. This item will be pointed
principally Russia but, in lesser degree, at other
states. 1t will include matters mentioned in the in
vitaton to the conference, such nonntervention,
cessation of propaganda, recognition OF property
rights of aliens, recognition of national debts full
flment Of agreements, and general cooperation of
an international making for peace and rehabi-
tation.
The Genoa conference holds mighty possibli-
ties which the world cannot afford to forego. Nor
can the United States afford to refuse to partici-
pate in converting the possibilities ihto realities.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
Criticizes Republicans,
the Editor, The Washington Herald;

10 the Editor, The Washington Herald:
On Thursday. January L.. 1922.
the Republican party signed its
death warrant and placed a stain
upon the Capitol of the United
States just as bad as would have
been had Berger, from Wisconsin
been allowed to take his seat. While
they may think they showed 10y.
atty to their party. they indee1 pa:1
dearly for IT, for it is confession
that they believe in the purchase
of votes. Whether they know :; cr
not, the people throughous the
country were waiting to see if tie
present Congress would stoop so
low as to seat Newberry, saying. r
they did, it would be the dHath-
knen of the Republican party.
There is nothing further for the
majority in Congress to do nov but
prepare for the blow which will
befall them at the next elect,"n
and in 1924. and which is surn 10
come. Congress stands anythi'g =
but favorably with the couu:ry. and
the action taken on January IL. by
seating Newberry. places II on .he
road to destruction and rrip.
r. Ii JACKSON.
1886 G street.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
The League Archives.

TINE second birthday of the league OF nations
found the council of the league in session at
Geneva. The secretariat of the league announced
time before the meeting that it would take
place January 10 whether the session of the
supreme council of the allies Cannes finished its
work by that date not This announcement and
the fulflment of it indicated the fact that the
league of nations is distinct from the allies of the
war, that it is permanent woEld-org des-
tined to function and to continue long after assoca-
tions of the great have been dissolved into
wider world-organization
- In recognition of the fact that the league of
nations IS two years old, its bureau made pub
lie record of its work during the past two years.
This points out that five disputes threatening the
peace of the world have been brought before the
league for settlement. The disputes were: The
question of the Aland Islands, claimed by Sweden
and Finland; the Polish-Lithuanian dispute over
possession of Wilma and the surrounding district;
the very threatening and important dispute between
Poland and Germany over Upper Silesia; the Jugo-
Slavic invasion of Albania which caused Premier
Lloyd-George to ask the league to apply the eco
nomic blockade against Jugo-Slava; and the Tacna-
africa dispute between Chile and Bolivia The
league settled three Of these disputes: the Aland
Islands we're awarded to Finland with provisions
protecting the predomnanty Swedish population;
the dangerous Upper Siesian dispute which men
aced the Frsnco-Brtish entente and the peace of
Europe. settled by division OF Upper Silesia
which accepted by both Germany and Poland
although Germany grumbled the Jugo- Slavic Alban-
ian dispute settled by the leagues laying down
fronter-line which both parties accepted The
Polish-Lithuanian dispute remains unsettled, but
the league by establishing neutral strip of terri
tory ten to. twenty-five miles, effectively ended
bloodshed between the disputants Hopes Tor
settlement through the services OF the league are
still good. The Tacna-Arca dispute remains un-
settled, Peru and Chile seeming more willing to
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16

AT the present time, thSnking
America recognizes that there are
vital issues affecting the welfare,
and perhaps the existence of great
masses of people dependent upon
economic readjustment. We also
know that many of these questions
must be dealt with broadly and
with directness across the council
table, -and that the results Will be
largely expressed in cold monetary
terms.
Furthermore, IL is clear that the
financial situation Is an interlock-
ing one. relating itself to all the
great countries, and what affects
one bears directly upon all the 9TH
ers. We, as a creditor nation, must
suffer pending settlement of foreign
obligations to us. which we cannot
well afford to do, at a time when
taxation is throttling our enterprise
and destroying our industrial op-
portunities.
I'VE know of Europe's debassd
currency. its speculative exchange,
its latent bankruptcy and the ef-
feet that may follow If our manu-
facturers enter into contest with
Europe's labor paid In marks. lires
or francs for goods of which is, to
the extent of 30 per cent. represent
ed by the payment of labor.
american industry canno. COM
pete with Industries subject to
these conditions. either in foreign
trade or domestic. uSless for tho
protection of our domestic trade, we
erect a tariff wall which may ore
ate evils worse than those 1t seeks
to cure. r
THE entire situation is full OF
the Eravest menace to all classes
of our people and II Is time that
we stop, look and listen" not
waiting until the catac1ysm be-
comes more dramatic. The subjec.
should be handled at the present
time apd with foresight IL we are
to av6d unrest and disaster to our
commerce.! labor and agriculture
and possible political upheaval,
which will bring with it permanent
injury to the country through the
.fiood-tide of legislation enacted In
belated attempt to remedy con-
ditions which can be best treated
now.
ITO insure that America, a win
ner in the war. will not be a Iocer
in peace, requires that we enter
into an Immediate campaign OF
economic preparedness. calling the
attention of our people to Europe's
need of economic adjustment and
Its effect upon us"
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
"Queer P0StalS."

10 the Edltor, Ibe washington Herald:
In the last week I received a postal
card from the District Rent Com
mission which bore only the number
OF my residence on the address side.
and on the reverse was the cryptic
message asking me to call at the Of
fees of the commission.
l am renting from a landlord who
has been accommodating, and while
j am paying more than ! think rea-
sonable rent for the house occupy.
stH, l am satisfied and have never
had reason to see the Rent Com
mission on any business. II this Is
a system to interrogate tenants who
have no business with the Rent
Commission. it is a very queer pro-
cedure. My lawyer advises me to pay
no attention to the notice. as it is
not legal summons. There Is no
possible reason for the landlord to
apply to the Rent Commission against
me. My wife met him in front OF
our house the day the postal was
received and he seemed very friend
ly. / would like to hear from a ten
ant who has answered the postal.
For my part. I will not look for
trouble in that quarter. Yours truly
EDW NC
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16

the world war the billions Of dol
lars the United States loaned them
during the conflict.
|. In the other article. opposing the
donation Of s20,Oo0.0o0 for Russian
relief. ]. Frank Ray says of Con-
gressmen. they have no right to
donate public funds for charity in
Russia"
Whether he is a lawyer or not. /
have no, knowledge. but il is the
common understanding, think.
that public funds can be used only
for public purposes. All public
funds are derived by taxation.
Those Of the United States are paid
into the Treasury as the result of
revenue laws passed by Congress.
pursuant to the power granted il. by.
the Constitution. Article !. Section
VIII, which says II shall have pow
er.-
81. To lay-and collect taxes. du-
ties. imports and excuses to pay the
debts and provide for the common
defence and general welfare of the
United States"
1t probably would be a violent
presumption to conclude that a JUS
tice of the Supreme Court Of the
United States is urging the govern
ment to do an illegal thing. which
Justice Clarke is doing unless he
finds warrant in the clause Of the
Constitution quoted above for do
mating $4,000. 600 OG0 Of the peo-
pies money to Great Britain ana
other foreign governments II will
he noted Nat by this clause the
Congress is empowered not only
ito pay the debts" that is the
financial obligations and expenses
"of the United States" but also to
provide for the common defence
and general welfare Of the United
States"
It must he that Justice Clarke IL
of the opinion that tbs latter .parr
Of the clause authorizes such dona-
ton. shall not take the space TO
argue the question farther than to
say that except for this latter pro-
vision II may confidently be assert
ed that the loans to the allies
would he unauthorized and illegal.
They were made as war measures
and probably were justified by that
fact under the provision quoted: but
would saw that such provision au-
phorizes loans to foreign nations. in
time Of peace. II it does not, how
can il he said to authorize the gift
10 such nations of the peoples
money in a time of peace7
As to the $40 400 600 donation for
the famine relief in Russia, II would
be difficult. I think. for the most
astute lawyer to point out how
such donation provides for the
common defence and general well
fare of the United States" In fact,
IL seems TO be against the well
fare Of the United States.
Does any one suppose that the
people. Il given an opportunity to
express their wishes. would favor
eith"r Of the donations in ques-
tion?
Two things seem strange to me
relative to them: One is. that a Jus
tice of the Supreme Court of the
United States would urge an act
of such doubtful legality and SO
against the will OF the.
American people. The other is. that
there is not some taxpayer believ-
ing the facts to be as Mr.. RAY
states them, who has sufficient
public spirit to bring an action to
cnjoin the U. S. Treasurer from
paying out the money donated to
Russia
w. A. GREEN.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
Fair to Edwards.
o the Editor. The Washington Herald

10 the Editor. The Washington Herald:
l have been a reader Of your
valuable paper since ! became a
resident of the District, three years
ago. and lately have followed Your
rublic-school articles with the
keenest interest. want. 10 con-
graduate you on a. l,ast giving
Daniel a. Edwards, recently re-
signed president ~ tn Y"ard of
Education, the first full hearing in
any Washington newspaper. While
the Congressional cD.n r.ttec seemed
to have been in the right in the
matter of censuring Mr. Edwards.
ii was only honest and fair 80 your
readers and Mr.. T:d'vr.Is h:'nseIr
to give, him a chanre t. present
his side OF The INIT hope You
will always Ce as fa:r AMI Eivc
everyone his chance 10 present his
case to the ia .Iic.
A mothe. of public school chill
dren, Mrs. NJ =. -.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
The Weather.

To the Editor, The Washington Herald:
am about sixty miles from your
city and we have had a sweeping
wind all day with snow. sleet, rain
and ice from daylight until night.
Your weather report at the top
of today's paper Is as follows:
Fair today. rain, late tonight and
tomorrow"
Where are you getting your pre-
dictions from any how? Do you
trust the "Horoscope"?' II SO, / can
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
The Russian Loan.
To the Editor. The washington HeraI,

To the Editor. The Washington Herald:
There we're two articles in The
Herald of January Z. 1922. which
involve the interesting and very
important question whether the
Congress. of the United States. or
all of the departments of the gov
ernment combined. can lawfully
give away the money collected by
the government by taxation. One
article was headed, "Clarke's Rea-
sons for Debt Views, and the
other, Doesn't Like Russian
Fund" -
Many persons doubtless regretted
and all lawyers must have been
surprised to read in the first article
that Justice John Fl. Clarke. of the
United States Supreme Court. advo-
Gated the donation to the allies in
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16
THE TREES IN WINTER.

| wonder IL the trees in winter dream
Through gloomy hours OF happy summer
skies
And merry hooks. where sprightIy fairks
seem,
Peerins through magic riffs with spark
ling eyes!
How silent and submissive do they stand.
In seeming contemplation Of the dead
That but awaits the touch Of natures
hand.
To rise, rejoicing. from their bridal bed.
Joy of the past cliRss round the barren
boughs,
With haunting memory Of mirthful hours,
when natures lovers plighted blIssful
vows.
And visions rustlcd through enchanted
bowers.
Concealed in crystal chambers, dim and
deep.
The charms and images Of vanished
views
Are hushed in golden dreams and silver
sleep,
While over all the silent sentrie, muse
BehoIG: How glad a change when spring
returns.
The cold and IifeIess look of wintry days
Is wrought In 5ewelled joy>of natures Orns-
That lend new scenes to old familiar ways.
GEORGE SANDS JOHNSON.
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16

strongly urged. 1t
should be held: !:
the sooner the
b e tt e r, provided
that the United
States Is ready to
equip delegates
With authority to
take a definite
stand as to the
matters w h ic h
will necessarily
come before such
1 body" says s.
Stanwood Men
ken. president Of
the national Sc
curity League. in
a recent state
The Washington herald., 1922-01-16

TO attract nation
" ! ide attention
since he entered
he Upper House.
hut there must
Ne something un-
sual about a
lan who can win
big political
ictory in the
ace Of heavy
dds. This Is
vha, Harreld did
In 1890. Though
4 Republican. the
Democratic State
of Oklah O m a
elected him to the
Senate a year ago
last November By